FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Zuckerman, MK
Garofalo, EM
Ortner, DJ
AF Zuckerman, M. K.
Garofalo, E. M.
Ortner, D. J.
TI Anemia or scurvy: distinguishing the etiology of porotic hyperostosis
via differential cranial vault thickness in juvenile humans.
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Emory Univ, Dept Anthropol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Func Anat & Evolut, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Dept Phys Anthropol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0002-9483
J9 AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL
JI Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.
PY 2007
SU 44
BP 256
EP 256
PG 1
WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 142NK
UT WOS:000244656500851
ER
PT J
AU Post, JE
Bish, DL
Heaney, PJ
AF Post, Jeffrey E.
Bish, David L.
Heaney, Peter J.
TI Synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction study of the structure and
dehydration behavior of sepiolite
SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE sepiolite; Rietveld; synchrotron; powder diffraction
ID CRYSTAL; PALYGORSKITE; REFINEMENT
AB Rietveld refinements using synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data were used to study the crystal structure and dehydration behavior of sepiolite from Durango, Mexico. The room-temperature (RT) sepiolite structure in air compares well with previous models but reveals an additional zeolitic H2O site. The RT structure under vacuum retained only similar to 1/8 of the zeolitic H2O and the volume decreased by 1.3%. Real-time, temperature-resolved synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction data and Rietveld refinements were used to investigate the behavior of the sepiolite structure from 300 to 925 K. Rietveld refinements revealed that most of the zeolitic H2O is lost by similar to 390 K, accompanied by a decrease in the a and c unit-cell parameters. Above similar to 600 K the sepiolite structure folds as one-half of the crystallographically bound H2O is lost. Rietveld refinements of the "anhydrous" sepiolite structure reveal that. in general, unit-cell parameters a and b and volume steadily decrease with increasing temperature; there is an obvious change in slope at similar to 820 K suggesting a phase transformation coinciding with the loss of the remaining bound H2O molecule.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Post, JE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM postj@si.edu
NR 27
TC 50
Z9 51
U1 2
U2 13
PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER
PI CHANTILLY
PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA
SN 0003-004X
J9 AM MINERAL
JI Am. Miner.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 92
IS 1
BP 91
EP 97
DI 10.2138/am.2007.2134
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA 127UE
UT WOS:000243611000010
ER
PT J
AU Pandolfi, JM
Jackson, JBC
AF Pandolfi, John M.
Jackson, Jeremy B. C.
TI The role of algae
SO AMERICAN SCIENTIST
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Univ Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia.
Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Pandolfi, JM (reprint author), Univ Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia.
RI Pandolfi, John/A-3121-2009
OI Pandolfi, John/0000-0003-3047-6694
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU SIGMA XI-SCI RES SOC
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA PO BOX 13975, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709 USA
SN 0003-0996
J9 AM SCI
JI Am. Scientist
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 95
IS 1
BP 5
EP 5
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 116ZL
UT WOS:000242842200005
ER
PT J
AU Peer, BD
Rothstein, SI
Delaney, KS
Fleischer, RC
AF Peer, Brian D.
Rothstein, Stephen I.
Delaney, Kathleen S.
Fleischer, Robert C.
TI Defence behaviour against brood parasitism is deeply rooted in mainland
and island scrub-jays
SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR
LA English
DT Article
DE Aphelocoma californica; Aphelocoma coendescens; Aphelocoma insularis;
brood parasitism; egg ejection; Florida scrub-jay; host defence; island
scrub-jay; molecular clock; western scrub-jay
ID HOST COEVOLUTION; EGG RECOGNITION; COWBIRD PARASITISM; CUCKOO EGGS;
CLUTCH CHARACTERISTICS; REJECTION BEHAVIOR; EVOLUTIONARY RATES;
APHELOCOMA JAYS; REED WARBLERS; COMMON CUCKOO
AB When selection pressures for an adaptation relax, the trait may decline, or it may be maintained if there are no fitness costs. The interactions between avian brood parasites and their hosts are dynamic, with selection pressures changing as host or parasite ranges shift, or as parasites switch to new hosts once old hosts evolve defences. The extent to which hosts retain defences in the absence of parasites has important consequences to parasite-host coevolution. We tested whether island scrub-jays, Aphelocoma insularis, and western scrub-jays, A. californica, have maintained egg ejection behaviour in the absence of brood parasitism and provide an estimate of how long they have maintained ejection. Island scrub-jays and western scrub-jays ejected 100% of foreign eggs placed into their nests, and genetic analyses revealed no evidence of conspecific brood parasitism that could maintain ejection. Extreme variation in intraclutch egg appearance may result in hosts ejecting their own oddly coloured eggs, which would select against the maintenance of ejection. However, island, western and Florida scrub-jays, A. coerulescens, also an ejecter, showed less variation than the common grackle, Quiscalus quiscula, a species that has an extremely high level of intraclutch egg variation and may have lost its rejection defence, because it rejects its own oddly coloured eggs. Based on molecular clock analyses of mitochondrial DNA control region and ND2 sequences, island and western scrub-jays split approximately 140 000-151000 years ago, western and Florida scrub-jays 1000 000 years ago, and island and Florida scrub-jays 1250 000 years ago. Ejection behaviour may have been maintained this long in the absence of parasitism, but it is possible that scrub-jays were parasitized as recently as the end of the Pleistocene 10 000 years ago, when cowbirds were more abundant. Nevertheless, these results indicate that (1) egg ejection is not a costly trait to maintain in scrub-jays, (2) brood parasites may not be able to alternate between well-defended hosts and hosts that have lost ejection defence following past episodes of parasitism and (3) brood parasites may have to deal with host communities that have well-developed defences by evolving specialized adaptations for a single host species or a small set of species. (c) 2006 The Association for the Study of Aninial Behaviour Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Genet Program, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA USA.
RP Peer, BD (reprint author), Western Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Macomb, IL 61455 USA.
EM bd-peer@wiu.edu
NR 77
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 14
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0003-3472
EI 1095-8282
J9 ANIM BEHAV
JI Anim. Behav.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 73
BP 55
EP 63
DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2006.06.005
PN 1
PG 9
WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
GA 129NA
UT WOS:000243735000006
ER
PT J
AU Logue, DM
AF Logue, David M.
TI How do they duet? Sexually dimorphic behavioural mechanisms structure
duet songs in the black-bellied wren
SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR
LA English
DT Article
DE behavioural mechanisms; black-bellied wren; cooperative territory
defence; duet code; individual recognition; mapping function;
Pheugopedius fasciatoventris; signal structure; Thryothorus
fasciatoventris; vocal communication
ID SLATE-COLORED BOUBOU; PSOPHODES-OLIVACEUS; LANIARIUS-FUNEBRIS; EASTERN
WHIPBIRD; REPERTOIRE; COOPERATION; MAGPIE; PARTS; BIRD
AB In many bird species, pairmates sing together, forming duet songs. Studies on duetting songbirds consistently report nonrandom associations between the male and female song types that constitute duet songs. Previous research has demonstrated that when female black-bellied wrens, Thryothorus fasciatoventris, answer male song to form a duet, they abide by individually specific, temporally stable duet codes linking discrete acoustic stimuli (male song types) to discrete vocal responses (female song types). The present study builds on this finding with the goal of understanding the behavioural mechanisms in both males and females that result in nonrandom song type associations. I recorded duets from free-living pairs, and isolated four transitions from male song type to female song type in the duets of each pair. These transitions served as predicted links in the females' duet codes. The male and female song types from the transitions were played to the pair from which they had been recorded. Both males and females 'duetted' with playbacks of their mates' songs. Females' answers adhered very closely to the predictions, supporting previous findings. Mates also answered according to the predictions at a level exceeding chance, demonstrating that they abide by the same duet codes as do their mates. Stimulus type was a strong predictor of response type in females, but a relatively weak predictor of response type in males. When presented with chimerical male song stimuli, females typically answered with one of the predicted responses for the songs composing the chimera. The song fragments constituting the beginning and end of chimerical stimuli were equally influential in determining female responses, but longer fragments were more influential than shorter fragments. Overall, the findings are consistent with the hypothesis that answering according to a unique duet code communicates the singer's identity to the mate, facilitating cooperative defence of the pair's shared resources. (c) 2006 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Lethbridge, Dept Biol Sci, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama.
RP Logue, DM (reprint author), Univ Lethbridge, Dept Biol, 4401 Univ Dr, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.
EM david.logue@uleth.ca
NR 34
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 5
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0003-3472
J9 ANIM BEHAV
JI Anim. Behav.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 73
BP 105
EP 113
DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2006.05.011
PN 1
PG 9
WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
GA 129NA
UT WOS:000243735000011
ER
PT J
AU Chiver, I
Morton, ES
Stutchbury, BJM
AF Chiver, Ioana
Morton, Eugene S.
Stutchbury, Bridget J. M.
TI Incubation delays territory defence by male blue-headed vireos, Vireo
solitarius
SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR
LA English
DT Article
DE biparental care; blue-headed vireo; cooperation; genetic monogamy;
incubation and territory defence; sex-role convergence; simulated
territorial intrusion; Vireo solitarius
ID MALE PARENTAL CARE; PATERNAL CARE; GENETIC MONOGAMY; BIPARENTAL CARE;
SONG; TESTOSTERONE; FISH; SPARROWS; FEMALE; ROLES
AB Animals often face trade-offs during reproduction between activities such as parental care and territory defence. In species that are socially monogamous, males and females are faced with the additional problem of coordinating their respective contributions to such activities. Here, we examined male incubation behaviour in a passerine that shows genetic monogamy and in which males incubate extensively. Male incubation is rare in North American passerines and little is known about how males defend their territories during the incubation stage and whether females compensate for lower male incubation during territorial intrusions. Blue-headed vireo males contribute 50% of incubation time during the day. We performed playbacks to simulate intrusions to males while they were on the nest and off the nest during the incubation period. On average, males took 18 min to arrive at the playback location while on the nest incubating, but took less than 2 min when not incubating. In addition, only 44% of the males sang while on the nest, whereas all males sang in response to the playback when off the nest. This result suggests that males probably delay territory defence until females return to the nest to avoid exposing the nest to predators. Females returned to the nest to relieve their mates from incubation duties sooner during experimental intrusions than during control periods, which also allowed males to pursue intruders sooner. Genetic monogamy may underlie this apparent cooperation and the sex-role convergence exemplified in this species. (c) 2006 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 York Univ, Dept Biol, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
Smithsonian Inst Conservat & Res Ctr, Front Royal, VA USA.
RP Chiver, I (reprint author), York Univ, Dept Biol, 4700 Keele St,203F Lumbers, N York, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
EM ichiver@yorku.ca
NR 36
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 15
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0003-3472
J9 ANIM BEHAV
JI Anim. Behav.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 73
BP 143
EP 148
DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2006.06.001
PN 1
PG 6
WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology
GA 129NA
UT WOS:000243735000015
ER
PT J
AU Mathis, WN
Zatwarnicki, T
AF Mathis, Waym N.
Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz
TI A revision of the species of the genus Dichaeta Meigen (Diptera :
Ephydridae)
SO ANNALES ZOOLOGICI
LA English
DT Article
DE Dichaeta; Notiphilini; Ephydridae; shore flies; phylogeny
ID IMMATURE STAGES; BIOLOGY; NOTIPHILA; INSECTS; FLIES
AB The species of the genus Dichaeta Meigen are revised, including a phylogenetic analysis of the five recognized species. Two new species are described (type locality in parenthesis): D. wirthi (New Jersey. Ocean: Forked River (39 degrees 50.1'N, 74 degrees 11.8'W)) and D. zacki (Idaho. Boundary: Perkins Lake (48 degrees 45.4'N, 116 degrees 05.5'W)). The identity of N. transversa Walker, which had been a nomen dubium, is established and is discovered to be conspecific with D. ussurica Krivosheina, the latter thus being a junior synonym. Dichaeta choui Fan, described from specimens collected in China, is recognized as a junior synonym of D. caudata. In the phylogenetic analysis, the tribe Notiphilini is found to be a well-established, well-corroborated, nionophyletic lineage comprising two genera, Dichaeta and Noliphila Fallen. Dichaeta is found to be the sister group to Notiphila sensu lato and is accorded generic status, which is a reversion to its former placement when first described. All known species are described with an emphasis on structures of the male terminalia, which are fully illustrated. Detailed locality data and distribution maps for the Nearctic Region are provided. A lectotype is designated for Notiphila transversa Walker.
C1 [Mathis, Waym N.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz] Opole Univ, Dept Systemat, PL-45052 Opole, Poland.
RP Mathis, WN (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, POB 370121,MRC 169, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM mathisw@si.edu; zatwar@uni.opole.pl
OI Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz/0000-0003-2163-0143
NR 47
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES
PI WARSAW
PA MUSEUM & INST ZOOLOGY WILCZA 64, 00-679 WARSAW, POLAND
SN 0003-4541
J9 ANN ZOOL
JI Ann. Zool.
PY 2007
VL 57
IS 4
BP 783
EP 822
PG 40
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 248WG
UT WOS:000252187300010
ER
PT J
AU Warner, DJ
AF Warner, Deborah Jean
TI How sweet it is: Sugar, science, and the state
SO ANNALS OF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
ID STANDARDS; HISTORY
AB Americans import large amounts of sugar, levy a stiff tariff on it, and base this tariff on the saccharine content of each sample, and thus the assessment of sugar quality for tax purposes was enormously important. It was also among the most difficult challenges of a scientific or technical nature facing the federal government in the nineteenth century, and the issues it raised would often recur as science-based quality control became an essential feature of industry.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Warner, DJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM warnerd@si.edu
NR 184
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0003-3790
J9 ANN SCI
JI Ann. Sci.
PY 2007
VL 64
IS 2
BP 147
EP 170
DI 10.1080/00033790601098020
PG 24
WC History & Philosophy Of Science
SC History & Philosophy of Science
GA 167HX
UT WOS:000246443500001
ER
PT J
AU Peterson, PM
Vega, IS
AF Peterson, Paul M.
Vega, Isidoro Sanchez
TI Eragrostis (Poaceae : Chloridoideae : Eragrostideae : Eragrostidinae) of
Peru
SO ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN
LA English
DT Article
DE Chloridoideae; Eragrostideae; Eragrostidinae; Eragrostis; Gramineae;
Peru; Poaceae
ID CHROMOSOME-NUMBERS; GRASSES; CLASSIFICATION; PHYLOGENY; GRAMINEAE;
REVISION; NAMES
AB A taxonomic treatment of Eragrostis Wolf for Peru is given. Twenty-three species and three subspecies of Eragrostis are recognized in the study area. Fifteen species of Eragrostis are native to Peru, and eight are adventive or introduced. Eragrostis attenuala Hitchc., E. pilgeri Fedde, and F. magna Hitchc. are endemic to Peru. Eragrostis lurida subsp. contracta (Pilg.) P. M. Peterson & Sanchez Vega, native to Ecuador and Peru, and E. pilgeri subsp. ancashensis (P. M. Peterson, Refulio & Tovar) P.. M. Peterson & Sanchez Vega, native to Peru, are new combinations. Keys for determining the species, descriptions, distributions, specimens studied, illustrations, synonymies, and a brief discussion of caryopsis morphology for all native and adventive species of Eragrostis in Peru are provided. The names E. andicola R. E. Fr., E. contracta Pilg., E. tristis Jedwabn., and Poa mexicana Hornem. are lectotypified.
C1 [Peterson, Paul M.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Vega, Isidoro Sanchez] Univ Nacl Cajamarca, Herbario CPUN, Dept Biol, Cajamarca, Peru.
RP Peterson, PM (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM peterson@si.edu
NR 69
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN
PI ST LOUIS
PA 2345 TOWER GROVE AVENUE, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 USA
SN 0026-6493
J9 ANN MO BOT GARD
JI Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard.
PY 2007
VL 94
IS 4
BP 745
EP 790
DI 10.3417/0026-6493(2007)94[745:EPCEEO]2.0.CO;2
PG 46
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 242VJ
UT WOS:000251754000003
ER
PT J
AU Soreng, RJ
Gillespie, LJ
AF Soreng, Robert J.
Gillespie, Lynn J.
TI Nicoraepoa (Poaceae, Poeae), a new South American genus based on Poa
subg. Andinae, and emendation of Poa sect. Parodiochloa of the
sub-antarctic Islands
SO ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN
LA English
DT Article
DE Austrofestuca; Bellardiochloa; Festucella; Hookerochloa; Nicoraepoa;
Parodiochloa; Poa; Poaceae; Poinae; Tzvelevia
ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; GRASSES
AB Poa subg. Andinae Nicora (Poaceae, tribe Poeae) is raised to the rank of genus, here renamed as Nicoraepoa Soreng & L. J. Gillespie. Six specific and one infraspecific combinations are made: N. andina (Trin.) Soreng & L. J. Gillespie, N. chonotica (Phil.) Soreng & L. J. Gillespie, A erinacea (Speg.) Soreng & L. J. Gillespie, N. pagionifolia (Speg.) Soreng & L. J. Gillespie, N. robusta (Steud.) Soreng & L. J. Gillespie, N. subenervis (Hack.) Soreng & L. J. Gillespie, and N. subenervis subsp. spegazziniana (Nicora) Soreng & L. J. Gillespie. Lectotypes are designated for N. pugionifolia and N. subenervis. Taxonomy and nomenclature of similar Southern Hemisphere island species of Poa L. and other related genera are discussed. Poa sect. Parodiochloa (C. E. Hubb.) Soreng is emended to include, in addition to P. flabellata (Lam.) Raspail, P. cookii (Hook. f.) Hook. I., P. foliosa (Hook. f.) Hook. L, P. hamiltoni Kirk, P. ramosissiam Hook. f., and P. tennantiana Petrie. The one species of Tzvelevia E. B. Alexeev is reunited with Poa, and the genus is transferred to Poa sect. Tzvelevia (E. B. Alexeev) Soreng & L. J. Gillespie. Morphological and anatomical characteristics of Nicoraepoa, Poa sect. Parodiochloa, and similar genera in Poinae are compared. Leaf blade morphology and anatomy were found to be particularly useful in characterizing Nicoraepoa and related taxa. A key is provided to distinguish Nicoraepoa, Poa sect. Parodiochloa, and morphologically similar perennial genera of Poinae.
C1 [Soreng, Robert J.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Gillespie, Lynn J.] Canadian Museum Nat, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, Canada.
RP Soreng, RJ (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM sorengr@si.edu; lgillespie@mus-nature.ca
NR 38
TC 11
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 4
PU MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN
PI ST LOUIS
PA 2345 TOWER GROVE AVENUE, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 USA
SN 0026-6493
J9 ANN MO BOT GARD
JI Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard.
PY 2007
VL 94
IS 4
BP 821
EP 849
DI 10.3417/0026-6493(2007)94[821:NPPANS]2.0.CO;2
PG 29
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 242VJ
UT WOS:000251754000005
ER
PT S
AU McNamara, BR
Nulsen, PEJ
AF McNamara, B. R.
Nulsen, P. E. J.
TI Heating hot atmospheres with active galactic nuclei
SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
SE Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
DE active galactic nuclei; cooling flows; galaxy clusters; radio galaxies;
X-ray emission
ID COOLING-FLOW CLUSTERS; X-RAY-CLUSTERS; EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO-SOURCES;
RELAXED GALAXY CLUSTERS; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATION; DEEP CHANDRA
OBSERVATION; H-ALPHA FILAMENTS; HYDRA-A CLUSTER; INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM;
PERSEUS CLUSTER
AB High resolution X-ray spectroscopy of the hot gas in galaxy clusters has shown that the gas is not cooling to low temperatures at the predicted rates of hundreds to thousands of solar masses per year. X-ray images have revealed giant cavities and shock fronts in the hot gas that provide a direct and relatively reliable means of measuring the energy injected into hot atmospheres by active galactic nuclei (AGN). Average radio jet powers are near those required to offset radiative losses and to suppress cooling in isolated giant elliptical galaxies, and in larger systems up to the richest galaxy clusters. This coincidence suggests that hearing and cooling are coupled by feedback, which suppresses star formation and the growth of luminous galaxies. How jet energy is converted to heat and the degree to which other hearing mechanisms are contributing, e.g., thermal conduction, are not well understood. Outburst energies require substantial late growth of supermassive black holes. Unless all of the similar to 10(62) erg required to suppress star formation is deposited in the cooling regions ofclusters, AGN outbursts must alter large-scale properties of the intracluster medium.
C1 Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Ohio Univ, Astron Inst, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP McNamara, BR (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
EM mcnamara@sciborg.uwaterloo.ca; pnulsen@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 245
TC 606
Z9 607
U1 3
U2 18
PU ANNUAL REVIEWS
PI PALO ALTO
PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA
SN 0066-4146
BN 978-0-8243-0945-9
J9 ANNU REV ASTRON ASTR
JI Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys.
PY 2007
VL 45
BP 117
EP 175
DI 10.1146/annurev.astro.45.051806.110625
PG 59
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 222QL
UT WOS:000250311900005
ER
PT J
AU Watters, TR
McGovern, PJ
Irwin, RP
AF Watters, Thomas R.
McGovern, Patrick J.
Irwin, Rossman P., III
TI Hemispheres apart: The crustal dichotomy on Mars
SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES
SE Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
DE geology; topography; gravity; crustal thickness; tectonics
ID ORBITER LASER ALTIMETER; MAGNETIC-FIELD; NORTHERN PLAINS; EARLY
DIFFERENTIATION; CUMULATE OVERTURN; MARTIAN DICHOTOMY; THRUST FAULTS;
LOBATE SCARPS; GRAVITY-FIELD; GIANT IMPACT
AB The hemispheric dichotomy is a fundamental feature of Mars, expressed by a physiographic and geologic divide between the heavily cratered southern highlands and the relatively smooth plains of the northern lowlands. The origin of the dichotomy, which may have set the course for most of the subsequent geologic evolution of Mars, remains unclear. Internally driven models for the dichotomy form the lowlands by mantle convection, plate tectonics, or early mantle overturn. Externally driven models invoke one giant impact or multiple impacts. Areal densities of buried basins, expressed by quasicircular depressions and subsurface echoes in radar sounding data, suggest that the dichotomy formed early in the geologic evolution of Mars. Tectonic features along the dichotomy boundary suggest late-stage modification by flexure or relaxation of the highlands after volcar c resurfacing of the northern lowlands. Subsequent deposition and erosion by fluvial, aeolian,and glacial processes shaped the present-day dichotomy boundary.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Lunar & Planetary Inst, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
RP Watters, TR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM watterst@si.edu
OI McGovern, Patrick/0000-0001-9647-3096
NR 100
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 8
PU ANNUAL REVIEWS
PI PALO ALTO
PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA
SN 0084-6597
J9 ANNU REV EARTH PL SC
JI Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci.
PY 2007
VL 35
BP 621
EP 652
DI 10.1146/annurev.earth.35.031306.140220
PG 32
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology
GA 175KM
UT WOS:000247012500020
ER
PT J
AU Pavlin, T
Wang, R
McGorty, R
Rosen, MS
Cory, DG
Candela, D
Mair, RW
Walsworth, RL
AF Pavlin, T.
Wang, R.
McGorty, R.
Rosen, M. S.
Cory, D. G.
Candela, D.
Mair, R. W.
Walsworth, R. L.
TI Noninvasive measurements of gas exchange in a three-dimensional
fluidized bed by hyperpolarized Xe-129 NMR
SO APPLIED MAGNETIC RESONANCE
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERPHASE MASS-TRANSFER; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; EMULSION PHASES;
RELAXATION-TIMES; BUBBLE; ADSORPTION; DIFFUSION; DYNAMICS; MODEL; FLOW
AB We present a novel nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique that provides a non-invasive, direct measurement of gas exchange in a three-dimensional gas-fluidized bed of solid particles. The NMR spectrum of hyperpolarized Xe-129 gas in an Al2O3 particle bed displays three resolved peaks corresponding to xenon in bubbles, the interstitial spaces (emulsion), and adsorbed on particles. Modified NMR exchange and saturation recovery sequences, together with data analysis based on an exchange-coupled set of Bloch equations, yield gas exchange rate constants between the emulsion and adsorbed phases, and between the bubble and emulsion phases. The results are in approximate agreement with previously unverified predictions from well-known models of fluidized bed behavior. Incorporation of NMR imaging methodologies would straightforwardly allow similar measurements on a spatially resolved basis.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
MIT, Dept Nucl Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Mair, RW (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, MS 59,60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM rmair@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 46
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0937-9347
J9 APPL MAGN RESON
JI Appl. Magn. Reson.
PY 2007
VL 32
IS 1-2
BP 93
EP 112
DI 10.1007/s00723-007-0002-7
PG 20
WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy
SC Physics; Spectroscopy
GA 208KZ
UT WOS:000249319500008
ER
PT B
AU France, FG
AF France, Fenella G.
GP SIS&T
TI Paper: Managing digital image repositories as key tools in the
preservation of cultural objects
SO Archiving 2007, Final Program and Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th IS&T Archiving Conference
CY MAY 21-24, 2007
CL Arlington, VA
SP Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, ALA ALCTS Assoc Lib Collect & Tech Serv, CNI, DLF, DPC, ECPA, ISCC, MCN, OCLC, SAA
AB A number of preservation efforts are currently under way to develop standardized digital repositories of images and information about cultural objects. At opposite ends of the size spectrum are the Fiber Reference Imaging Library and the World Trade Center Archive digital repositories. Both contain images on fragile objects, both in terms of structural integrity and vulnerability from exposure to uncontrolled environments. At the micro level, to address the needs of textile conservation and research efforts worldwide, the textile community has begun planning for the establishment of a digital repository of textile fibers, for search, access and retrieval by textile conservationists and scientists worldwide. With standardized metadata elements based on the Dublin Core metadata elements; this repository can provide important artifact information for a range of microscopic textile fibers. At the extreme macro level, the 9/11 archive includes an image and information repository of rusting steel columns, large complex composite structures, crushed vehicles, and the Last Column, the final steel support column with large amounts of ephemera attached, such as paper memorabilia, photos, and personal items. These digital repositories of cultural objects pose many digital management challenges, including: Metadata, content and rights management, access and retrieval.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, NMAH, Star Spangled Banner Project, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 4
PU SOC IMAGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
PI SPRINGFIELD
PA 7003 KILWORTH LANE, SPRINGFIELD, VA 22151 USA
BN 978-0-89208-270-4
PY 2007
BP 117
EP 121
PG 5
WC Information Science & Library Science; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Information Science & Library Science; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
GA BGX58
UT WOS:000251160200028
ER
PT B
AU Grier, JD
Plummer, D
AF Grier, John D., Jr.
Plummer, David
BE Shaw, RA
Hill, F
Bell, DJ
TI Chandra automatic processing task interface: An adaptable system
architecture
SO ASTRONOMICAL DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE AND SYSTEMS XVI
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Annual Conference on Astronomical Data Analysis Software and
Systems
CY OCT 15-18, 2006
CL Tucson, AZ
AB The Chandra Automatic Processing Task Interface (CAPTAIN) is an operations interface to Chandra Automatic Processing (AP) that provides detail management and execution of the AP pipelines. In particular, this kind of management is used in Special Automatic Processing (SAP) where there is a need to select specific pipelines that require non-standard handling for reprocessing of a given data set. Standard AP currently contains approximately 200 pipelines with complex interactions between them. As AP ha's evolved over the life of the mission, so has the number and attributes of these pipelines. As a result, CAPTAIN provides a system architecture capable of managing and adapting to this evolving system. This adaptability has allowed CAPTAIN to also be used to initiate Chandra Source Catalog Automatic Processing (Level 3 AP) and positions it for use with future automatic processing systems. This paper describes the approach to the development of the CAPTAIN system architecture and the maintainable, extensible and reusable software architecture by which it is implemented.
C1 [Grier, John D., Jr.; Plummer, David] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Grier, JD (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-313-3
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 376
BP 131
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Information Systems;
Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science
GA BGW99
UT WOS:000251043600026
ER
PT B
AU Fabbiano, G
Evans, I
Evans, J
Glotfelty, K
Hain, R
McCollough, M
Primini, F
Rots, A
Calderwood, T
Doe, S
Grier, J
Harbo, P
Karovska, M
McDowell, J
Plummer, D
Paton, L
Tibbetts, M
Van Stone, D
Zografou, P
AF Fabbiano, G.
Evans, I.
Evans, J.
Glotfelty, K.
Hain, R.
McCollough, M.
Primini, F.
Rots, A.
Calderwood, T.
Doe, S.
Grier, J.
Harbo, P.
Karovska, M.
McDowell, J.
Plummer, D.
Paton, L.
Tibbetts, M.
Van Stone, D.
Zografou, P.
BE Shaw, RA
Hill, F
Bell, DJ
TI The Chandra source Catalog
SO ASTRONOMICAL DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE AND SYSTEMS XVI
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Annual Conference on Astronomical Data Analysis Software and
Systems
CY OCT 15-18, 2006
CL Tucson, AZ
AB The Chandra X-ray Center (CXC) has undertaken the production of the Chandra Source Catalog, a data-mining project that makes use of the continuously growing Chandra public archive. The distinguishing characteristic of Chandra, the NASA Great Observatory for exploring the universe in the X-rays, is its sub-arcsecond resolution, which provides the most sensitive and detailed view of the similar to(0.3-7) keV sky presently attainable. The Catalog will characterize the X-ray sky at high resolution and with accurate astrometry, making use of all the imaging Chandra data. It will provide a uniform reduction of the Chandra archive, that will be a major interface for the Virtual Observatory; will be continuously updated as more data enters the public domain during the on-going Chandra mission; and will enable a dynamic interaction to produce user-configured views with on-the-fly analysis work-flows. In this paper we describe the Catalog, and the software and hardware needed for its realization.
C1 Ctr Astrophys, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Chandra Xray Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Fabbiano, G (reprint author), Ctr Astrophys, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Chandra Xray Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 3
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-313-3
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 376
BP 172
EP 177
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Information Systems;
Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science
GA BGW99
UT WOS:000251043600032
ER
PT B
AU Mink, DJ
Wyatt, WF
Caldwell, N
Conroy, MA
Furesz, G
Tokarz, SP
AF Mink, Douglas J.
Wyatt, William F.
Caldwell, Nelson
Conroy, Maureen A.
Furesz, Gabor
Tokarz, Susan P.
BE Shaw, RA
Hill, F
Bell, DJ
TI Automating reduction of multifiber spectra from the MMT Hectospec and
Hectochelle
SO ASTRONOMICAL DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE AND SYSTEMS XVI
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Annual Conference on Astronomical Data Analysis Software and
Systems
CY OCT 15-18, 2006
CL Tucson, AZ
ID SPECTROGRAPH
AB Hectospec, the MMT's low resolution, 300 fiber spectrograph, posed some interesting and unique problems for reduction software development. To address these issues as well as the usual ones encountered in a multifiber spectrograph, we built a semi-automatic reduction pipeline, SPECROAD, using host IRAF CL scripting. The pipeline is based on existing IRAF tasks, modified when necessary, with some locally-developed procedures added. For quality control purposes, some human interaction was kept in the process. The pipeline takes raw data and produces one-dimensional, wavelength calibrated, sky subtracted, and velocity correlated spectra that are automatically distributed to their owners and added to a database. We are currently developing a pipeline for the 240-fiber Hectochelle high-dispersion spectrograph and we will discuss the additional issues which have complicated its data reduction.
C1 [Mink, Douglas J.; Wyatt, William F.; Caldwell, Nelson; Conroy, Maureen A.; Furesz, Gabor; Tokarz, Susan P.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Mink, DJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 6
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-313-3
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 376
BP 249
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Information Systems;
Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science
GA BGW99
UT WOS:000251043600049
ER
PT B
AU Dave, R
Protopapas, P
Lehner, M
AF Dave, Rahul
Protopapas, Pavlos
Lehner, Matthew
BE Shaw, RA
Hill, F
Bell, DJ
TI Virtual astronomical pipelines
SO ASTRONOMICAL DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE AND SYSTEMS XVI
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Annual Conference on Astronomical Data Analysis Software and
Systems
CY OCT 15-18, 2006
CL Tucson, AZ
AB The sheer magnitude of databases and data rates in new surveys makes it hard to develop pipelines to enable both the analysis of data and the federation of these databases for correlation and followup. There is thus a compelling need to facilitate the creation and management of dynamic workflow pipelines that enable correlating data between separate, parallel streams; changing the workflow in response to an event; using the NVO to obtain additional needed information from databases, and modifying the observing program of a primary survey to follow-up a transient or moving object. This paper describes such a Virtual Astronomical Pipeline (VAP) system which is running in the TAOS project. The software enables components in the pipeline to react to events encapsulated in XML messages, modifying and subsequently routing these messages to multiple other components. This architecture allows for the bootstrapping of components individually in the development process and for dynamic reconfiguration of the pipeline as a response to external and internal events. The software will be extended for future work in combining the results of surveys and followups into a global virtual pipeline.
C1 [Dave, Rahul] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Protopapas, Pavlos; Lehner, Matthew] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Dave, R (reprint author), Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
FU Keck Foundation
FX We are grateful to the Keck Foundation for their support under the aegis
of the CUSP project.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-313-3
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 376
BP 253
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Information Systems;
Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science
GA BGW99
UT WOS:000251043600050
ER
PT B
AU Zografou, P
Harbo, P
Tibbetts, M
Van Stone, D
AF Zografou, P.
Harbo, P.
Tibbetts, M.
Van Stone, D.
BE Shaw, RA
Hill, F
Bell, DJ
TI Chandra data archive support for the Chandra source Catalog
SO ASTRONOMICAL DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE AND SYSTEMS XVI
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Annual Conference on Astronomical Data Analysis Software and
Systems
CY OCT 15-18, 2006
CL Tucson, AZ
AB The Chandra Data Archive is being extended to include the Chandra Source Catalog (Fabbiano 2007), consisting of a list of sources with their properties and their associated data products. The system supports periodic catalog releases as well as an evolving catalog with snapshots for any point in time. Catalog entries are associated with their corresponding observation-level data which can be accessed through catalog searches. In this paper we present how the existing archive architecture accommodates the new requirements for catalog storage, searches, interface with the processing pipelines, and access by external users.
C1 Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Zografou, P (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 1
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-313-3
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 376
BP 327
EP 330
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Information Systems;
Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science
GA BGW99
UT WOS:000251043600068
ER
PT B
AU Evans, IN
Graessle, DE
He, XH
Glotfelty, KJ
AF Evans, Ian N.
Graessle, Dale E.
He, X. Helen
Glotfelty, Kenny J.
BE Shaw, RA
Hill, F
Bell, DJ
TI An enhanced multi-mission calibration database for high energy
astrophysics
SO ASTRONOMICAL DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE AND SYSTEMS XVI
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Annual Conference on Astronomical Data Analysis Software and
Systems
CY OCT 15-18, 2006
CL Tucson, AZ
AB The instrumentation in use on the current generation of high energy astrophysics missions, such as the Chandra X-ray Observatory (CXO), is considerably more sophisticated than that of the preceding decades. The complexity of the resultant calibration data products requires an indexing strategy that is not ideally matched to the relatively rigid structure of the standard high energy astrophysics calibration database (CalDB). We have developed an enhanced design for the CalDB that generalizes the current structure and provides much greater flexibility in supporting sophisticated instrument models, while providing backwards compatibility. Development of mission-independent analysis software is enhanced by providing a mechanism for software to structurally query the CalDB to ascertain the set of query parameters needed to completely identify a specific calibration data product.
C1 [Evans, Ian N.; Graessle, Dale E.; He, X. Helen; Glotfelty, Kenny J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Evans, IN (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
FU CalDB; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NAS 8-03060]
FX Support for development of the enhanced CalDB is provided by the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the Chandra X-ray
Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
under contract NAS 8-03060.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-313-3
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 376
BP 335
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Information Systems;
Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science
GA BGW99
UT WOS:000251043600070
ER
PT B
AU Accomazzi, A
Eichhorn, G
Rots, A
AF Accomazzi, Alberto
Eichhorn, Guenther
Rots, Arnold
BE Shaw, RA
Hill, F
Bell, DJ
TI Closing the loop: Linking datasets to publications and back
SO ASTRONOMICAL DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE AND SYSTEMS XVI
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Annual Conference on Astronomical Data Analysis Software and
Systems
CY OCT 15-18, 2006
CL Tucson, AZ
AB With the mainstream adoption of references to datasets in astronomical manuscripts, researchers today are able to provide direct links from their papers to the original data that were used in their study. Following a process similar to the verification of references in manuscripts, publishers have been working with the NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) to validate and maintain links to these datasets.
Similarly, many astronomical data centers have been tracking publications based on the observations that they archive, and have been working with the ADS to maintain links between their datasets and the bibliographic records in question. In addition to providing a valuable service to ADS users, maintaining these correlations allows the data centers to evaluate the scientific impact of their missions. Until recently these two activities have evolved in parallel on independent tracks, with ADS playing a central role in bridging the connection between publishers and data centers. However, the ADS is now implementing the capability for all parties involved to find out which data links have been published with which manuscripts, and vice versa. This will allow data centers to harvest the ADS periodically to find out if there are new papers that reference datasets from their archives. In this paper we summarize the state of the dataset linking project and describe the new harvesting interface.
C1 [Accomazzi, Alberto; Eichhorn, Guenther; Rots, Arnold] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Accomazzi, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Eichhorn, Guenther/C-9480-2009
OI Eichhorn, Guenther/0000-0002-3032-1978
FU NASA [NNG06GG68G, NAS 8-03060]
FX The ADS is funded by NASA Grant NNG06GG68G. The Chandra X-Ray Center is
funded by NASA Grant NAS 8-03060.
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-313-3
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 376
BP 467
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Information Systems;
Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science
GA BGW99
UT WOS:000251043600099
ER
PT B
AU Cresitello-Dittmar, M
Burke, D
Doe, S
Evans, I
Evans, J
Germain, G
Lyn, J
AF Cresitello-Dittmar, Mark
Burke, Doug
Doe, Stephen
Evans, Ian
Evans, Janet
Germain, Gregg
Lyn, Janine
BE Shaw, RA
Hill, F
Bell, DJ
TI Crates: High-level I/O interface for scripting languages
SO ASTRONOMICAL DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE AND SYSTEMS XVI
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Annual Conference on Astronomical Data Analysis Software and
Systems
CY OCT 15-18, 2006
CL Tucson, AZ
AB Crates is a new software package being developed by the Chandra X-Ray Center (CXC) to provide a high level I/O interface for use within various scripting environments. It consists of a set of classes and methods which allow a user to easily access and manipulate general data files as well as specialized classes for specific data products (PHA Type I & II, RMF, ARF, etc.). CRATES also provides convenient access to metadata information, such as WCS transforms and DM subspace information which may be associated with a table column or image. The core library is written in C++ and utilizes the CXC Data-Model (DM) library, which provides I/O support for the Chandra Data Analysis software, and is designed to be extensible to multiple scripting environments. We provide a set of Python wrappers and functionality from within the SLang environment via PySL. The interface has a common look and feel with the CIAO application packages Sherpa, a general purpose fitting and modeling application, and ChIPS, the Chandra Imaging and Plotting System.
C1 Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Cresitello-Dittmar, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-313-3
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 376
BP 519
EP 522
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Information Systems;
Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science
GA BGW99
UT WOS:000251043600111
ER
PT B
AU Doe, S
Nguyen, D
Stawarz, C
Refsdal, B
Siemiginowska, A
Burke, D
Evans, I
Evans, J
McDowell, J
Houck, J
Nowak, M
AF Doe, S.
Nguyen, D.
Stawarz, C.
Refsdal, B.
Siemiginowska, A.
Burke, D.
Evans, I.
Evans, J.
McDowell, J.
Houck, J.
Nowak, M.
BE Shaw, RA
Hill, F
Bell, DJ
TI Developing Sherpa with Python
SO ASTRONOMICAL DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE AND SYSTEMS XVI
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Annual Conference on Astronomical Data Analysis Software and
Systems
CY OCT 15-18, 2006
CL Tucson, AZ
AB Sherpa is the general purpose fitting and modeling application for CIAO, the Chandra Interactive Analysis of Observations system. We have modified the original design and implemented a new version in Python. This version will be part of the upcoming CIAO4.0 release. We have previously presented a modular, flexible design for CIAO4.0 with the goal of packaging many models, fitting methods and statistics for analysis of astronomical data. The new design promised to be more robust than the previous Sherpa, and more easily extensible with user-written scripts. (We already see some sign of this, in that there were 50,000 lines of code in the CIAO3.0 implementation; with our new, cleaner design, implemented in Python, only half that number of lines were required.) We present the latest updates to our design, and our progress developing Sherpa. A major feature of this work has been the use of Python to implement the data structures from our design. Each part of Sherpa-models, fitting methods, statistics, and so on-has been implemented as a Python module. We have also developed application code to bind together data, models, statistics, and fitting methods for performing fits to data, as well as a high-level UI that makes it simple for users to read in data, define models, and perform fits. Working in Python has been a great aid in speeding development of Sherpa. We expect that Python will also simplify extending and maintaining the Sherpa code base, as well as making it possible to interoperate with other Python-based astronomy packages. To make Sherpa fully accessible to S-Lang users, we use PySL, a new package that is an interface between Python and S-Lang. Users are now able to import other Python or S-Lang modules to extend Sherpa; in addition, users may write and use scripts of their own, written in either Python or S-Lang.
C1 Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Doe, S (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 0
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
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PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-313-3
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 376
BP 543
EP 546
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Information Systems;
Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science
GA BGW99
UT WOS:000251043600117
ER
PT B
AU Budavari, T
Dobos, L
Szalay, AS
Greene, G
Gray, J
Rots, AH
AF Budavari, Tamas
Dobos, Laszlo
Szalay, Alex S.
Greene, Gretchen
Gray, Jim
Rots, Arnold H.
BE Shaw, RA
Hill, F
Bell, DJ
TI Footprint services for everyone
SO ASTRONOMICAL DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE AND SYSTEMS XVI
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Annual Conference on Astronomical Data Analysis Software and
Systems
CY OCT 15-18, 2006
CL Tucson, AZ
AB We present high-level user and web services for dealing with astronomical survey geometry of arbitrary size and complexity. Based on our high-performance spherical library, we built an on-line public repository of footprints pre-loaded with the coverage of some of the most widely used datasets today including the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the Galaxy Evolution Explorer and the Hubble Space Telescope exposures. We publish a web-based toolkit that enables advanced spatial searches for regions of interest on the sky, Boolean operations on selected footprints (union, intersection), on-the-fly visualization, and exact area computation. We also provide an easy-to-use interactive footprint editor, as well as a simple upload facility. The results of the searches and region manipulations can be saved and published on the footprint server or downloaded in various formats, including ASCII and the VO-compliant Space-Time Coordinate (STC) region representation.
C1 [Budavari, Tamas; Szalay, Alex S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Dobos, Laszlo] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Complex Syst, H-1364 Budapest, Hungary.
[Greene, Gretchen] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Boltimore, MD USA.
[Gray, Jim] Microsoft Res, eSci Grp, San Francisco, CA USA.
[Rots, Arnold H.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA.
RP Budavari, T (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
NR 0
TC 11
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PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-313-3
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 376
BP 559
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Information Systems;
Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science
GA BGW99
UT WOS:000251043600121
ER
PT B
AU Refsdal, B
Germain, G
Burke, D
Doe, S
Evans, I
Evans, J
McDowell, J
McLaughlin, W
Milaszewski, R
Miller, J
Nguyen, D
Stawarz, C
Siemiginowska, A
Houck, J
Nowak, M
AF Refsdal, Brian
Germain, Gregg
Burke, Douglas
Doe, Stephen
Evans, Ian
Evans, Janet
McDowell, Jonathan
McLaughlin, Warren
Milaszewski, Robert
Miller, Joseph
Nguyen, Dan
Stawarz, Christopher
Siemiginowska, Aneta
Houck, John
Nowak, Michael
BE Shaw, RA
Hill, F
Bell, DJ
TI CIAO 4 preview: Sherpa and ChIPS demo
SO ASTRONOMICAL DATA ANALYSIS SOFTWARE AND SYSTEMS XVI
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 16th Annual Conference on Astronomical Data Analysis Software and
Systems
CY OCT 15-18, 2006
CL Tucson, AZ
AB Two prominent applications in the Chandra Interactive Analysis of Observations (CIAO) software package are Sherpa, a general purpose fitting and modeling application, and ChIPS, the Chandra Imaging and Plotting System. We demonstrate new versions of both applications, which will be part of the upcoming CIAO 4.0 release and also be available as standalone packages independent of CIAO.
C1 [Refsdal, Brian; Germain, Gregg; Burke, Douglas; Doe, Stephen; Evans, Ian; Evans, Janet; McDowell, Jonathan; McLaughlin, Warren; Milaszewski, Robert; Miller, Joseph; Nguyen, Dan; Stawarz, Christopher; Siemiginowska, Aneta] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Houck, John; Nowak, Michael] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA USA.
RP Refsdal, B (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-313-3
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 376
BP 711
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Information Systems;
Computer Science, Software Engineering
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science
GA BGW99
UT WOS:000251043600159
ER
PT J
AU Winn, JN
Holman, MJ
Fuentes, CI
AF Winn, Joshua N.
Holman, Matthew J.
Fuentes, Cesar I.
TI The transit light curve project. II. Two transits of the exoplanet
OGLE-TR-111b
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE planetary systems; stars : individual (OGLE-TR-111); techniques :
photometric
ID EXTRASOLAR PLANET; IMAGE SUBTRACTION; HOT-JUPITERS; ATMOSPHERE; CARINA;
PHOTOMETRY
AB As part of our ongoing effort to measure exoplanet sizes and transit times with greater accuracy, we present I-band observations of two transits of OGLE-TR-111b. The photometry has an accuracy of 0.15%-0.20% and a cadence of 1-2 minutes. We derive a planetary radius of R-P = 1.067 +/- 0: 054R(Jup) and a stellar radius of R-S = 0.831 +/- 0.031 R-circle dot. The uncertainties are dominated by errors in the photometry rather than by systematic errors arising from uncertainties in the limb-darkening function or the stellar mass. Both the stellar radius and the planetary radius are in agreement with theoretical expectations. The transit times are accurate to within 30 s and allow us to refine the estimate of the mean orbital period: 4.0144479 +/- 0.0000041 days.
C1 MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Winn, JN (reprint author), MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RI Fuentes, Cesar /G-7506-2016
NR 31
TC 55
Z9 56
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 133
IS 1
BP 11
EP 16
DI 10.1086/509658
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 121BF
UT WOS:000243132000002
ER
PT J
AU Patnaude, DJ
Fesen, RA
AF Patnaude, Daniel J.
Fesen, Robert A.
TI Small-scale X-ray variability in the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM : individual (Cassiopeia A); ISM : kinematics and dynamics;
supernova remnants
ID CHANDRA VIEW; EJECTA; ASYMMETRY; EVOLUTION; 1987A; SHOCK; MASS; AGE
AB A comparison of X-ray observations of the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant taken in 2000, 2002, and 2004 with the Chandra ACIS-S3 reveals the presence of several small-scale features (<= 10 '') that exhibit significant intensity changes over a 4 yr time frame. Here we report on the variability of six features, four of which show count rate increases from similar to 10% to over 90%, and two of which show decreases of similar to 30%-40%. While extracted 1-4.5 keV X-ray spectra do not reveal gross changes in emission-line strengths, spectral fits using nonequilibrium-ionization, metal-rich plasma models indicate increased or decreased electron temperatures for features showing increasing or decreasing count rates, respectively. Based on the observed count rate changes and the assumption that the freely expanding ejecta has a velocity of similar to 5000 km s(-1) at the reverse shock front, we estimate the unshocked ejecta to have spatial scale variations of 0.02-0.03 pc, which is consistent with the X-ray-emitting ejecta belonging to a more diffuse component of the super-nova ejecta than that seen in the optically emitting ejecta, which have spatial scales of similar to 10(-3) pc.
C1 Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA USA.
Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
RP Patnaude, DJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA USA.
NR 28
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 133
IS 1
BP 147
EP 153
DI 10.1086/509571
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 121BF
UT WOS:000243132000014
ER
PT J
AU Brunthaler, A
Reid, MJ
Falcke, H
Henkel, C
Menten, KM
AF Brunthaler, A.
Reid, M. J.
Falcke, H.
Henkel, C.
Menten, K. M.
TI The proper motion of the Local Group galaxy IC 10
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE astrometry; galaxies : Local Group; galaxies : individual : IC10;
galaxies : kinematics and dynamics
ID DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXIES; LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; WATER-VAPOR MASER;
SAGITTARIUS-A-ASTERISK; IC 10; H2O MASERS; GEOMETRIC DISTANCE; NEUTRAL
HYDROGEN; ANDROMEDA GALAXY; MILKY-WAY
AB We have measured the proper motion of the Local Group galaxy IC 10 with the Very Long Baseline Array by measuring the position of an H2O maser relative to two background quasars over 4.3 years. After correction for the rotation of the Milky Way and IC 10, we obtain a motion of -39 +/- 9 mu as yr(-1) toward the East and 31 +/- 8 mu as yr(-1) toward the North. This corresponds to a total space velocity of 215 +/- 42 km s(-1) relative to the Milky Way for an assumed distance of 660 +/- 66 kpc. Assuming that IC 10 and M33, for which also a proper motion measurement exists, are bound to M31, we calculate a lower limit for the mass of M31 of 7.5 x 1011 M-circle dot.
C1 Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands.
Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands.
RP Brunthaler, A (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
EM brunthal@mpifr-bonn.mpg.de
RI Falcke, Heino/H-5262-2012
OI Falcke, Heino/0000-0002-2526-6724
NR 52
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 462
IS 1
BP 101
EP 106
DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20066430
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 126KW
UT WOS:000243512800016
ER
PT J
AU Lommen, D
Wright, CM
Maddison, ST
Jorgensen, JK
Bourke, TL
van Dishoeck, EF
Hughes, A
Wilner, DJ
Burton, M
van Langevelde, HJ
AF Lommen, D.
Wright, C. M.
Maddison, S. T.
Jorgensen, J. K.
Bourke, T. L.
van Dishoeck, E. F.
Hughes, A.
Wilner, D. J.
Burton, M.
van Langevelde, H. J.
TI Investigating grain growth in disks around southern T Tauri stars at
millimetre wavelengths
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE circumstellar matter; planetary systems : protoplanetary disks; stars :
pre-main-sequence
ID HERBIG AE/BE STARS; EMISSION-LINE STARS; CHAMELEON-I; PROTOPLANETARY
DISKS; SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS;
STELLAR POPULATION; ISO SPECTROSCOPY; YOUNG STARS
AB Context. Low-mass stars form with disks in which the coagulation of grains may eventually lead to the formation of planets. It is not known when and where grain growth occurs, as models that explain the observations are often degenerate. A way to break this degeneracy is to resolve the sources under study.
Aims. Our aim is to find evidence for the existence of grains of millimetre sizes in disks around T Tauri stars, implying grain growth.
Methods. The Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) was used to observe 15 southern T Tauri stars, five in the constellation Lupus and ten in Chamaeleon, at 3.3 mm. The five Lupus sources were also observed with the SubMillimeter Array (SMA) at 1.4 mm. Our new data are complemented with data from the literature to determine the slopes of the spectral energy distributions in the millimetre regime.
Results. Ten sources were detected at better than 3 sigma with the ATCA, with sigma approximate to 1-2 mJy, and all sources that were observed with the SMA were detected at better than 15 sigma, with sigma approximate to 4 mJy. Six of the sources in our sample are resolved to physical radii of similar to 100 AU. Assuming that the emission from such large disks is predominantly optically thin, the millimetre slope can be related directly to the opacity index. For the other sources, the opacity indices are lower limits. Four out of six resolved sources have opacity indices <= 1, indicating grain growth to millimetre sizes and larger. The masses of the disks range from < 0.01 to 0.08 M-circle dot, which is comparable to the minimum mass solar nebula. A tentative correlation is found between the millimetre slope and the strength and shape of the 10-mu m silicate feature, indicating that grain growth occurs on similar (short) timescales in both the inner and outer disk.
C1 Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
UNSW, ADFA, Sch Phys Environm & Math Sci, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia.
Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Joint Inst VLBI Europe, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands.
RP Lommen, D (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
EM dave@strw.leidenuniv.nl
OI Burton, Michael/0000-0001-7289-1998; van Langevelde, Huib
Jan/0000-0002-0230-5946
NR 56
TC 57
Z9 57
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 462
IS 1
BP 211
EP 220
DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20066255
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 126KW
UT WOS:000243512800026
ER
PT J
AU Alves, J
Lombardi, M
Lada, CJ
AF Alves, J.
Lombardi, M.
Lada, C. J.
TI The mass function of dense molecular cores and the origin of the IMF
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM : structure; dust, extinction; stars : formation; stars : luminosity
function, mass function; ISM : evolution; ISM : clouds
ID STAR-FORMATION; CLOUD FRAGMENTATION; CLUMP DISTRIBUTION; INITIAL
CONDITIONS; DUST EXTINCTION; PIPE NEBULA; 850 MICRONS; DARK CLOUD;
LUMINOSITY; CLUSTERS
AB Context. Stars form in the cold dense cores of interstellar molecular clouds and the detailed knowledge of the spectrum of masses of such cores is clearly a key for the understanding of the origin of the IMF. To date, observations have presented somewhat contradictory evidence relating to this issue.
Aims. In this paper we propose to derive the mass function of a complete sample of dense molecular cores in a single cloud employing a robust method that uses uses extinction of background starlight to measure core masses and enables the reliable extension of such measurements to lower masses than previously possible.
Methods. We use a map of near-infrared extinction in the nearby Pipe dark cloud to identify the population of dense cores in the cloud and measure their masses.
Results. We identify 159 dense cores and construct the mass function for this population. We present the first robust evidence for a departure from a single power-law form in the mass function of a population of cores and find that this mass function is surprisingly similar in shape to the stellar IMF but scaled to a higher mass by a factor of about 3. This suggests that the distribution of stellar birth masses ( IMF) is the direct product of the dense core mass function and a uniform star formation efficiency of 30% +/- 10%, and that the stellar IMF may already be fixed during or before the earliest stages of core evolution. These results are consistent with previous dust continuum studies which suggested that the IMF directly originates from the core mass function. The typical density of similar to 10(4) cm(-3) measured for the dense cores in this cloud suggests that the mass scale that characterizes the dense core mass function may be the result of a simple process of thermal ( Jeans) fragmentation.
C1 Calar Alto Observ, Ctr Astron Hispano Aleman, Almeria 04004, Spain.
European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Alves, J (reprint author), Calar Alto Observ, Ctr Astron Hispano Aleman, C Jesus Durban Remon 2-2, Almeria 04004, Spain.
EM jalves@caha.es; mlombard@eso.org; clada@cfa.harvard.edu
OI LOMBARDI, MARCO/0000-0002-3336-4965; Alves, Joao/0000-0002-4355-0921
NR 45
TC 250
Z9 250
U1 0
U2 2
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 462
IS 1
BP L17
EP L21
DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20066389
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 126KW
UT WOS:000243512800005
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Y
Wu, Y
Zhang, Q
Mao, RQ
Miller, M
AF Wang, Y.
Wu, Y.
Zhang, Q.
Mao, R. -Q.
Miller, M.
TI VLA NH3 observations of regions of massive star formation in
protostellar cores
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM : clouds; ISM : kinematics and dynamics; stars : formation
ID WATER MASER OBSERVATIONS; GIANT MOLECULAR CLOUD; INFRARED-DARK CLOUDS;
DENSE CORES; SUBMILLIMETER CONTINUUM; STELLAR CLUSTERS; ARCETRI CATALOG;
IRAS 20126+4104; AMMONIA CORES; EMISSION
AB Aims. The high angular resolution images with the Very Large Array (VLA) allow us to explore the general properties of protostellar cores in massive star forming regions at large distances.
Methods. We observed the NH3 (J, K) = (1, 1) and (2, 2) lines toward five massive protostar candidates (IRAS 18196-1331, IRAS 18352-0148, IRAS 18361-0627, IRAS 18414-0339 and IRAS 19474+ 2637) with the VLA D configuration.
Results. We found that these objects have hundreds of solar masses in dense gas with rotation temperatures from 8 to 27 K. No 1.3 cm continuum emission was detected at an rms of similar to 0.7 mJy in all sources except IRAS 18361-0627. We identified 60 clumps and determined their physical parameters (e. g. line width, rotation temperature, size, and mass). The clump masses range from 0.1 M circle dot to 4800 M circle dot. The average size, line width and temperature are 0.1 +/- 0.06 pc, 1.3 +/- 0.4 km s(-1) and 16 +/- 5 K. The discrepancy between NH3 and (sub) mm continuum emission is found in IRAS 18196-1331. This phenomenon could occur as a result of the NH3 abundance variation being affected by the UV illumination.
C1 Peking Univ, Dept Astron, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
Peking Univ, CAS PKU Joint Beijing Astrophys Ctr, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China.
Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, D-50937 Cologne, Germany.
RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Peking Univ, Dept Astron, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
EM ywang@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589
NR 66
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 1
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 1432-0746
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 461
IS 1
BP 197
EP U107
DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20064797
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 117DL
UT WOS:000242852800023
ER
PT J
AU Pirogov, L
Zinchenko, I
Caselli, P
Johansson, LEB
AF Pirogov, L.
Zinchenko, I.
Caselli, P.
Johansson, L. E. B.
TI Chemical differentiation in regions of high-mass star formation - CS,
dust, and N2H+ in southern sources
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE stars : formation; ISM : clouds; ISM : molecules; radio lines : ISM
ID DENSE MOLECULAR CORES; CLOUD CORES; INFALL MOTIONS; PROTOSTELLAR CORES;
INFRARED SOURCES; FORMING CORES; WATER MASERS; H2O MASERS; MILLIMETER;
EVOLUTION
AB Aims. Our goals are to compare the CS, N2H+, and dust distributions in a representative sample of high-mass star-forming dense cores and to determine the physical and chemical properties of these cores.
Methods. We compare the results of CS(5-4) and 1.2 mm continuum mapping of twelve dense cores from the southern hemisphere presented in this work, in combination with our previous N2H+(1-0) and CS(2-1) data. We use numerical modeling of molecular excitation to estimate physical parameters of the cores.
Results. Most of the maps have several emission peaks (clumps). The mean sizes of 17 clumps with counterparts in the continuum and CS are 0.30(0.06) pc (continuum) and 0.51(0.07) pc (CS). For the clumps with IRAS sources, we derived dust temperatures of 24-35 K, masses of 90-6900 M-circle dot, molecular hydrogen column densities of (0.7-12.0) x 10(23) cm(-2) and luminosities of (0.6-46.0) x 10(4) L-circle dot. The LVG densities towards CS peaks within the 50" beam (0.56 pc at 2.3 kpc, the average distance of our sample source) vary from source to source in the range (3-40) x 10(5) cm(-3). Masses calculated from LVG densities are higher than the CS virial masses and masses derived from continuum data, implying small-scale clumpiness of the cores. The molecular abundances towards IRAS sources in eight objects are X(CS) = (0.3-2.7) x 10(-9) and X(N2H+) = (0.3-4.4) x 10(-10). The CS and continuum maps were compared with each other and with the N2H+(1-0) maps. For most of the objects, the CS and continuum peaks are close to the IRAS point source positions. The CS(5-4) intensities correlate with continuum fluxes per beam in all cases, but only in five cases with the N2H+(1-0) intensities. The study of the spatial variations of molecular integrated intensity ratios to continuum fluxes per beam reveals that I(N2H+)/F-1.2 ratios drop towards the CS peaks for most of the sources, which can be due to an N2H+ abundance decrease. For CS(5-4), the I(CS)/F-1.2 ratios show no clear trends with distance from the CS peaks, while such ratios drop for CS(2-1) towards these peaks. Possible explanations of these results are considered. The analysis of normalized velocity differences between CS and N2H+ lines has not revealed indications of systematic motions towards CS peaks.
C1 Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod 603950, Russia.
Nizhny Novgorod Univ, Nizhnii Novgorod 603950, Russia.
Univ Helsinki Observ, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Onsala Space Observ, Onsala 43992, Sweden.
RP Pirogov, L (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, Ulyanova 46, Nizhnii Novgorod 603950, Russia.
EM pirogov@appl.sci-nnov.ru
OI Zinchenko, Igor/0000-0003-2793-8229
NR 48
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 461
IS 2
BP 523
EP 535
DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20054777
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 119HZ
UT WOS:000243004700015
ER
PT J
AU Brinch, C
Crapsi, A
Hogerheijde, MR
Jorgensen, JK
AF Brinch, C.
Crapsi, A.
Hogerheijde, M. R.
Jorgensen, J. K.
TI Structure and dynamics of the class I young stellar object L1489 IRS
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM : kinematics and dynamics; ISM : molecules; ISM : individual objects
: L1489 IRS; radio lines : ISM; stars : formation
ID T-TAURI STARS; 2-DIMENSIONAL RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; MASS PROTOSTELLAR
ENVELOPES; AURIGA MOLECULAR CLOUD; PROTOPLANETARY DISK; LINE
OBSERVATIONS; MODELS; CORES; SPECTRA; INFALL
AB Context. During protostellar collapse, conservation of angular momentum leads to the formation of an accretion disc. Little is known observationally about how and when the velocity field around the protostar shifts from infall-dominated to rotation-dominated.
Aims. We investigate this transition in the low-mass protostar L1489 IRS, which is known to be embedded in a flattened, disc-like structure that shows both infall and rotation. We aim to accurately characterise the structure and composition of the envelope and its velocity field, and find clues to its nature.
Methods. We construct a model for L1489 IRS consisting of an flattened envelope and a velocity field that can vary from pure infall to pure rotation. We obtain best-fit parameters by comparison to 24 molecular transitions from the literature, and using a molecular excitation code and a Voronoi optimisation algorithm. We test the model against existing millimeter interferometric observations, near-infrared scattered light imaging, and (CO)-C-12 ro-vibrational lines.
Results. We find that L1489 IRS is well described by a central stellar mass of 1.3 +/- 0.4 M-circle dot surrounded by a 0.10 M-circle dot flattened envelope with approximate scale height h approximate to 0.57R, inclined at 74 degrees(+16 degrees)(-17 degrees). The velocity field is strongly dominated by rotation, with the velocity vector making an angle of 15 degrees +/- 6 degrees. with the azimuthal direction. Reproducing low-excitation transitions requires that the emission and absorption by the starless core 1' ( 8400 AU) east of L1489 IRS is included properly, implying that L1489 IRS is located partially behind this core.
Conclusions. We speculate that L1489 IRS was originally formed closer to the center of this core, but has migrated to its current position over the past few times 10(5) yr, consistent with their radial velocity difference of 0.4 kms(-1). This suggests that L1489 IRS' unusual appearance may be result of its migration, and that it would appear as a "normal" embedded protostar if it were still surrounded by an extended cloud core. Conversely, we hypothesize that the inner envelopes of embedded protostars resemble the rotating structure seen around L1489 IRS.
C1 Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Brinch, C (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
EM brinch@strw.leidenuniv.nl
RI Brinch, Christian/G-5157-2015
OI Brinch, Christian/0000-0002-5074-7183
NR 37
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 1
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 461
IS 3
BP 1037
EP 1047
DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20065473
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 126VI
UT WOS:000243543200023
ER
PT J
AU Zahn, O
Lidz, A
McQuinn, M
Dutta, S
Hernquist, L
Zaldarriaga, M
Furlanetto, SR
AF Zahn, Oliver
Lidz, Adam
McQuinn, Matthew
Dutta, Suvendra
Hernquist, Lars
Zaldarriaga, Matias
Furlanetto, Steven R.
TI Simulations and analytic calculations of bubble growth during hydrogen
reionization
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmology : theory; intergalactic medium; large-scale structure of
universe
ID COLD DARK-MATTER; 21 CENTIMETER FLUCTUATIONS; COSMIC REIONIZATION; HIGH
REDSHIFTS; STAR-FORMATION; COSMOLOGICAL REIONIZATION; NUMERICAL
COSMOLOGY; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; GALAXY FORMATION; STELLAR SOURCES
AB We present results from a large volume simulation of hydrogen reionization. We combine 3D radiative transfer calculations and an N-body simulation, describing structure formation in the intergalactic medium, to detail the growth of H II regions around high-redshift galaxies. Our simulation tracks 1024(3) dark matter particles, in a box of comoving side length 65.6 Mpc h(-1). This large volume allows us to accurately characterize the size distribution of H II regions throughout most of the reionization process. At the same time, our simulation resolves many of the small galaxies likely responsible for reionization. It confirms a picture anticipated by analytic models: H II regions grow collectively around highly clustered sources and have a well-defined characteristic size, which evolves from a sub-Mpc scale at the beginning of reionization to R > 10 Mpc toward the end. We present a detailed statistical description of our results and compare them with a numerical scheme based on the analytic model by Furlanetto and coworkers. We find that the analytic calculation reproduces the size distribution of H II regions and the 21 cm power spectrum of the radiative transfer simulation remarkably well. The ionization field from the simulation, however, has more small-scale structure than the analytic calculation, owing to Poisson scatter in the simulated abundance of galaxies on small scales. We propose and validate a simple scheme to incorporate this scatter into our calculations. Our results suggest that analytic calculations are sufficiently accurate to aid in predicting and interpreting the results of future 21 cm surveys. In particular, our fast numerical scheme is useful for forecasting constraints from future 21 cm surveys and in constructing mock surveys to test data analysis procedures.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Harvard Univ, Jefferson Lab Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Yale Univ, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT USA.
RP Zahn, O (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM ozahn@cfa.harvard.edu; alidz@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 71
TC 185
Z9 185
U1 0
U2 5
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JAN 1
PY 2007
VL 654
IS 1
BP 12
EP 26
DI 10.1086/509597
PN 1
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 122JI
UT WOS:000243221800002
ER
PT J
AU Ruch, GT
Jones, TJ
Woodward, CE
Polomski, EF
Gehrz, RD
Megeath, ST
AF Ruch, Gerald T.
Jones, Terry J.
Woodward, Charles E.
Polomski, Elisha F.
Gehrz, Robert D.
Megeath, S. T.
TI Spitzer observations of the giant molecular cloud W3
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE infrared : ISM; infrared : stars; ISM : individual (W3); stars :
formation; stars : pre-main-sequence; stars : statistics
ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; ARRAY CAMERA IRAC; STAR-FORMATION; MILKY-WAY;
MAIN; EXTINCTION; DISCOVERY; SEQUENCE; REGION
AB We present new images of the giant molecular cloud W3 obtained with the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) and the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS) on board the Spitzer Space Telescope. The images encompass the star forming regions W3 Main, W3( OH), and a region that we refer to as the Central Cluster, which encloses the emission nebula IC 1795. We present a star count analysis of the point sources detected in W3. The star count analysis shows that the stellar population of the Central Cluster, when compared to that in the background, contains an over density of sources. The Central Cluster also contains an excess of sources with colors consistent with Class II young stellar objects (YSOs). An analysis of the color-color diagrams also reveals a large number of Class II YSOs in the Central Cluster. Our results suggest that an earlier epoch of star formation created the Central Cluster, created a cavity, and triggered the active star formation in the W3 Main and W3( OH) regions. We also detect a new outflow and its candidate exciting star.
C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Ritter Observ, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
RP Ruch, GT (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Astron, 116 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
EM gruch@astro.umn.edu
NR 24
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JAN 1
PY 2007
VL 654
IS 1
BP 338
EP 346
DI 10.1086/508856
PN 1
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 122JI
UT WOS:000243221800023
ER
PT J
AU Qiu, KP
Zhang, QZ
Beuther, H
Yang, J
AF Qiu, Keping
Zhang, Qizhou
Beuther, Henrik
Yang, Ji
TI High-resolution imaging of molecular outflows in massive young stars
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM : individual (IRAS 18264-1152, IRAS 23151+5912); ISM : jets and
outflows; stars : formation
ID PROTOSTELLAR CANDIDATES; SIO EMISSION; INTERSTELLAR AMMONIA; MULTIPLE
OUTFLOWS; FORMATION REGIONS; BIPOLAR OUTFLOWS; STELLAR OBJECTS; IRAS
20126+4104; CO OUTFLOWS; CS EMISSION
AB We present high angular resolution observations toward two massive star-forming regions, IRAS 18264 - 1152 and IRAS 23151+ 5912, with the Plateau de Bure Interferometer (PdBI) in the SiO(J = 2-1) and (HCO+)-C-13(J = 1-0) lines and at 1.3 and 3.4 mm continuum, and with the Very Large Array (VLA) in the NH3(J, K) (1, 1), (2, 2) lines. The NH3(1, 1) and (2, 2) emission is detected toward IRAS 18264 - 1152 only. For IRAS 18264 - 1152, the SiO observations reveal at least two quasi-perpendicular outflows with high collimation factors, and the most dominant feature is a redshifted jetlike outflow with very high velocities up to about Delta v = 60 km s(-1) with respect to the systemic velocity. The very high velocity component (Delta v = 22-60 km s(-1)) of this outflow is spatially offset from its high-velocity (Delta v = 3-21 km s(-1)) component. The SiO line profiles and position-velocity characteristics of these two components suggest that this outflow could be driven by an underlying precessing jet. For IRAS 23151+ 5912, the bipolar but mainly blueshifted SiO outflow coincides with the inner parts of the single-dish CO outflow. In particular, the quasi-parabolic shape of the blueshifted outflow coincides with the near-infrared nebulosity and is consistent with entrainment of the gas by an underlying wide-angle wind. The analysis of the molecular outflow data of the two luminous sources further supports high-mass stars forming via a disk-mediated accretion process similar to that in low-mass stars.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Nanjing Univ, Dept Astron, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China.
Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing, Peoples R China.
RP Qiu, KP (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM kqiu@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589
NR 62
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JAN 1
PY 2007
VL 654
IS 1
BP 361
EP 372
DI 10.1086/509069
PN 1
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 122JI
UT WOS:000243221800025
ER
PT J
AU Ng, CY
Romani, RW
Brisken, WF
Chatterjee, S
Kramer, M
AF Ng, C. -Y.
Romani, Roger W.
Brisken, Walter F.
Chatterjee, Shami
Kramer, Michael
TI The origin and motion of PSR J0538+2817 in S147
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE astrometry; pulsars : individual (PSR J0538+2817); stars : kinematics;
supernovae : individual (S147)
ID NOVA REMNANT S147; X-RAY; OPEN CLUSTERS; PULSARS; ROTATION; GALAXY;
PSR-J0538+2817; KINEMATICS
AB We report on Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) astrometry and Chandra imaging of PSR J0538+2817 in the supernova remnant S147. We measure a parallax distance of 1.47(-0.27)(+0.42) kpc along with a high-precision proper motion, giving a transverse velocity V-perpendicular to = 400(-73)(+114) km s(-1). A small extended wind nebula is detected around the pulsar; the symmetry axis of this structure suggests that the spin axis lies 12 degrees +/- 4 degrees from the velocity vector ( two-dimensional), but the emission is too faint for robust model-independent statements. The neutron star is hot, consistent with the young similar to 40 kyr kinematic age. The pulsar progenitor is likely a runaway from a nearby cluster, with NGC 1960 (M36) a leading candidate.
C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observ, Macclesfield SK11 9DL, Cheshire, England.
RP Ng, CY (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM ncy@astro.stanford.edu; rwr@astro.stanford.edu; wbrisken@aoc.nrao.edu;
schatterjee@cfa.harvard.edu; mkramer@jb.man.ac.uk
RI Ng, Chi Yung/A-7639-2013
OI Ng, Chi Yung/0000-0002-5847-2612
NR 35
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JAN 1
PY 2007
VL 654
IS 1
BP 487
EP 493
DI 10.1086/510576
PN 1
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 122JI
UT WOS:000243221800034
ER
PT J
AU Saio, H
Cameron, C
Kuschnig, R
Walker, GAH
Matthews, JM
Rowe, JF
Lee, U
Huber, D
Weiss, WW
Guenther, DB
Moffat, AFJ
Rucinski, SM
Sasselov, D
AF Saio, H.
Cameron, C.
Kuschnig, R.
Walker, G. A. H.
Matthews, J. M.
Rowe, J. F.
Lee, U.
Huber, D.
Weiss, W. W.
Guenther, D. B.
Moffat, A. F. J.
Rucinski, S. M.
Sasselov, D.
TI MOST detects g-modes in the late-type Be star beta Canis Minoris (B8 Ve)
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE stars : early-type; stars : emission-line, Be; stars : individual (beta
Canis Minoris); stars : oscillations; stars : rotation
ID LINE-PROFILE VARIABILITY; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; NONRADIAL OSCILLATIONS;
CIRCUMSTELLAR ACTIVITY; PULSATIONAL STABILITY; MU-CENTAURI; PHOTOMETRY;
ROTATION; SPECTROSCOPY; INSTABILITY
AB The Microvariability and Oscillations of Stars ( MOST) satellite has detected low-amplitude light variations (Delta m similar to 1 mmag) in the Be star beta CMi (B8 Ve). The observations lasted 41 days and the variations have typical periods similar to 0.3 days. We demonstrate that the dominant frequencies are consistent with prograde high-order g-modes of m = - 1 excited by the Fe bump of opacity in an intermediate-mass (approximate to 3.5 M-.) star with a nearly critical rotation period of 0.38 days. This is the first detection of nonradial g-mode pulsations in a Be star later than B6 leading to the possibility that pulsations are excited in all classical Be stars.
C1 Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Astron Inst, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan.
Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
Univ Vienna, Inst Astron, A-1180 Vienna, Austria.
St Marys Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada.
Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada.
Observ Astron Mt Megantic, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
Univ Toronto, David Dunlap Observ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Richmond Hill, ON L4C 4Y6, Canada.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Saio, H (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Astron Inst, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan.
EM saio@astr.tohuku.ac.jp; ccameron@phas.ubc.ca;
kuschnig@astro.phys.ubc.ca; gordonwa@uvic.ca; matthews@phas.ubc.ca;
rowe@phas.ubc.ca; lee@astr.tohoku.ac.jp; huber@astro.univie.ac.at;
weiss@astro.univie.ac.at; guenther@ap.stmarys.ca;
moffat@astro.umontreal.ca; rucinski@astro.utoronto.ca;
sasselov@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 36
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JAN 1
PY 2007
VL 654
IS 1
BP 544
EP 550
DI 10.1086/509315
PN 1
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 122JI
UT WOS:000243221800039
ER
PT J
AU Luhman, KL
Patten, BM
Marengo, M
Schuster, MT
Hora, JL
Ellis, RG
Stauffer, JR
Sonnett, SM
Winston, E
Gutermuth, RA
Megeath, ST
Backman, DE
Henry, TJ
Werner, MW
Fazio, GG
AF Luhman, K. L.
Patten, B. M.
Marengo, M.
Schuster, M. T.
Hora, J. L.
Ellis, R. G.
Stauffer, J. R.
Sonnett, S. M.
Winston, E.
Gutermuth, R. A.
Megeath, S. T.
Backman, D. E.
Henry, T. J.
Werner, M. W.
Fazio, G. G.
TI Discovery of two T dwarf companions with the Spitzer Space Telescope
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries : visual; infrared : stars; stars : evolution; stars :
fundamental parameters; stars : low-mass, brown dwarfs
ID SOLAR-TYPE STARS; INFRARED FILTER SET; URSA-MAJOR GROUP; CANDIDATE
SUBSTELLAR COMPANION; EXTRASOLAR GIANT PLANETS; ADAPTIVE OPTICS SURVEY;
MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; YOUNG BROWN DWARF; LITHIUM ABUNDANCES; STELLAR
COMPANIONS
AB We report the discovery of T dwarf companions to the nearby stars HN Peg (G0 V, 18.4 pc, tau similar to 0.3 Gyr) and HD 3651 (K0V, 11.1 pc, tau similar to 7 Gyr). During an ongoing survey of 50; 50 fields surrounding stars in the solar neighborhood with the Infrared Array Camera aboard the Spitzer Space Telescope, we identified these companions as candidate T dwarfs based on their mid-infrared colors. Using near-infrared spectra obtained with SpeX at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility, we confirm the presence of methane absorption that characterizes T dwarfs and measure spectral types of T2.5 +/- 0.5 and T7.5 +/- 0.5 for HN Peg B and HD 3651B, respectively. By comparing our Spitzer data to images from the Two Micron All Sky Survey obtained several years earlier, we find that the proper motions of HN Peg B and HD 3651B are consistent with those of the primaries, confirming their companionship. A comparison of their luminosities to the values predicted by theoretical evolutionary models implies masses of 0.021 +/- 0.009 and 0.051 +/- 0.014 M-. for HN Peg B and HD 3651B, respectively. In addition, the models imply an effective temperature for HN Peg B that is significantly lower than the values derived for other T dwarfs at similar spectral types, which is the same behavior reported by Metchev & Hillenbrand for the young late L dwarf HD 203030B. Thus, the temperature of the L/T transition appears to depend on surface gravity. Meanwhile, HD 3651B is the first substellar companion directly imaged around a star that is known to harbor a close-in planet from radial velocity surveys. The discovery of this companion supports the notion that the high eccentricities of close-in planets like that near HD 3651 may be the result of perturbations by low-mass companions at wide separations.
C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
SOFIA SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA USA.
Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Luhman, KL (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM kluhman@astro.psu.edu
OI Hora, Joseph/0000-0002-5599-4650
NR 93
TC 123
Z9 123
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JAN 1
PY 2007
VL 654
IS 1
BP 570
EP 579
DI 10.1086/509073
PN 1
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 122JI
UT WOS:000243221800042
ER
PT J
AU Siegler, N
Muzerolle, J
Young, ET
Rieke, GH
Mamajek, EE
Trilling, DE
Gorlova, N
Su, KYL
AF Siegler, Nick
Muzerolle, James
Young, Erick T.
Rieke, George H.
Mamajek, Eric E.
Trilling, David E.
Gorlova, Nadya
Su, Kate Y. L.
TI Spitzer 24 mu m observations of open cluster IC 2391 and debris disk
evolution of FGK stars
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE infrared : stars; open clusters and associations : individual (IC 2391);
planetary systems : protoplanetary disks
ID LOW-MASS STARS; YOUNG OPEN CLUSTERS; SOLAR-TYPE STARS; MULTIBAND IMAGING
PHOTOMETER; PLANETARY SYSTEMS FEPS; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; SUN-LIKE STARS;
TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; BROWN DWARFS; VEGA PHENOMENON
AB We present 24 mu m Spitzer MIPS photometric observations of the similar to 50 Myr open cluster IC 2391. Thirty-four cluster members ranging in spectral type from B3 to M5 were observed in the central square degree of the cluster. Excesses indicative of debris disks were discovered around one A star, six FGK stars, and possibly one M dwarf. For the cluster members observed to their photospheric limit, we find a debris disk frequency of 10(-3)(+17)% for B - A stars and 31(-9)(+31)% for FGK stars using a 15% relative excess threshold. Relative to a model of decaying excess frequency, the frequency of debris disks around A-type stars appears marginally low for the cluster's age while that of FGK stars appears consistent. Scenarios that may qualitatively explain this result are examined. We conclude that planetesimal activity in the terrestrial region of FGK stars is common in the first similar to 50 Myr and decays on timescales of similar to 100 Myr. Despite luminosity differences, debris disk evolution does not appear to depend strongly on stellar mass.
C1 Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Siegler, N (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA.
EM nsiegler@as.arizona.edu
NR 78
TC 68
Z9 68
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JAN 1
PY 2007
VL 654
IS 1
BP 580
EP 594
DI 10.1086/509042
PN 1
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 122JI
UT WOS:000243221800043
ER
PT J
AU Chen, HR
Su, YN
Liu, SY
Hunter, TR
Wilner, DJ
Zhang, QZ
Lim, J
Ho, PTP
Ohashi, N
Hirano, N
AF Chen, Huei-Ru
Su, Yu-Nung
Liu, Sheng-Yuan
Hunter, Todd R.
Wilner, David J.
Zhang, Qizhou
Lim, Jeremy
Ho, Paul T. P.
Ohashi, Nagayoshi
Hirano, Naomi
TI 654 GHz continuum and (CO)-O-18(6-5) observations of G240.31+0.07 with
the Submillimeter Array
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE circumstellar matter; stars : early-type; stars : individual
(G240.31+0.07); stars : pre-main-sequence; submillimeter; techniques :
interferometric
ID STAR-FORMING REGIONS; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; EMISSION; DUST; MASERS;
OUTFLOWS; GAS
AB We report a dual-band observation at 223 and 654 GHz (460 mu m) toward an ultracompact (UC) H II region, G240.31 + 0.07, using the Submillimeter Array. With a beam size of 1.5" x 0.8", the dust continuum emission is resolved into two clumps, with clump A well coincident with an H2O maser and the UC H II region. The newly discovered clump, B, about 1.3" (similar or equal to 8.3 x 10(3) AU) to the southwest of clump A, is also associated with H2O masers and may be a more recent star-forming site. The continuum flux densities imply an opacity spectral index of beta = 1.5 +/- 0.3, suggestive of a value lower than the canonical 2.0 found in the interstellar medium and in cold, massive cores. The presence of hot (similar or equal to 100 K) molecular gas is derived by the brightness ratio of two H2CO lines in the 223 GHz band. A radial velocity difference of 2.5 +/- 0.4 km s(-1) is found between the two clumps in (CO)-O-18(6 - 5) emission. The total (nebular and stellar) mass of roughly 58 M-. in the central region is close to, but not much larger than, the minimum mass required for the two clumps to be gravitationally bound for binary rotation. Our continuum data do not suggest a large amount of matter associated with the H-2 knots that were previously proposed to arise from a massive disk or envelope.
C1 Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Inst Astron, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Chen, HR (reprint author), Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Inst Astron, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
EM hchen@phys.nthu.edu.tw
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JAN 1
PY 2007
VL 654
IS 1
BP L87
EP L90
DI 10.1086/510715
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 122JM
UT WOS:000243222200023
ER
PT J
AU Marrone, DP
Moran, JM
Zhao, JH
Rao, R
AF Marrone, Daniel P.
Moran, James M.
Zhao, Jun-Hui
Rao, Ramprasad
TI An unambiguous detection of faraday rotation in Sagittarius A
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE black hole physics; Galaxy : center; polarization; submillimeter;
techniques : interferometric
ID ADVECTION-DOMINATED ACCRETION; LINEAR-POLARIZATION;
CIRCULAR-POLARIZATION; SUBMILLIMETER EMISSION; GALACTIC-CENTER;
ASTERISK; FLOWS; GHZ; POLARIMETRY; MILLIMETER
AB The millimeter/submillimeter wavelength polarization of Sgr A* is known to be variable in both magnitude and position angle on timescales down to a few hours. The unstable polarization has prevented measurements made at different frequencies and different epochs from yielding convincing measurements of Faraday rotation in this source. Here we present observations made with the Submillimeter Array polarimeter at 227 and 343 GHz with sufficient sensitivity to determine the rotation measure at each band without comparing position angles measured at separate epochs. We find the 10-epoch mean rotation measure to be (-5.6 +/- 0.7) x 10(5) rad m(-2); the measurements are consistent with a constant value. We conservatively assign a 3 sigma upper limit of 2 x 10(5) rad m(-2) to rotation measure changes, which limits accretion rate fluctuations to 25%. This rotation measure detection limits the accretion rate to less than 2 x 10(-7) M-. yr(-1) if the magnetic field is near equipartition, ordered, and largely radial, while a lower limit of 2 x 10(-9) M-. yr(-1) holds even for a subequipartition, disordered, or toroidal field. The mean intrinsic position angle is 167 degrees +/- 7 degrees and we detect variations of 31(-9)(+18) deg. These variations must originate in the submillimeter photosphere, rather than arising from rotation measure changes.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
EM dmarrone@oddjob.uchicago.edu; jmoran@cfa.harvard.edu;
jzhao@cfa.harvard.edu; rrao@sma.hawaii.edu
OI Marrone, Daniel/0000-0002-2367-1080
NR 27
TC 110
Z9 110
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JAN 1
PY 2007
VL 654
IS 1
BP L57
EP L60
DI 10.1086/510850
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 122JM
UT WOS:000243222200015
ER
PT J
AU Stanek, KZ
Dai, X
Prieto, JL
An, D
Garnavich, PM
Calkins, ML
Serven, J
Worthey, G
Hao, H
Dobrzycki, A
Howk, C
Matheson, T
AF Stanek, K. Z.
Dai, X.
Prieto, J. L.
An, D.
Garnavich, P. M.
Calkins, M. L.
Serven, J.
Worthey, G.
Hao, H.
Dobrzycki, A.
Howk, C.
Matheson, T.
TI "Anomalous" optical gamma-ray burst afterglows are common: Two z similar
to 4 bursts, GRB 060206 and GRB 0602101
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE gamma rays : bursts
ID LIGHT CURVES; GRB 990510; VARIABILITY; PHOTOMETRY; GRB-021004
AB We report on two gamma-ray bursts, GRB 060206 and GRB 060210, for which we have obtained well-sampled optical light curves. Both light curves show unusual behavior. GRB 060206 experienced a slow early decay, followed by a rapid increase in brightness by factor 2.5 about 1 hr after the burst. Its afterglow then faded in a broken power-law fashion, with a smooth break at t(b) = 0.6 days, but with additional, less dramatic " bumps and wiggles." The afterglow of GRB 060210 is also unusual: the light curve was more or less flat between 60 and 300 s after the burst, followed by a 70% increase at 600 s after the burst, after which the light curve declined as a similar to t(-1.3) power law. We argue that "anomalous" optical afterglows are likely to be the norm and that such rapid optical variations should be seen in many bursts, given good enough sampling. Given that, some of the usual procedures, such as deriving the jet opening angle from fitting a smooth function to the optical light curve, might often have a poor statistical significance. We propose that the rapid rise at similar to 3000 s in the optical for GRB 060206 and the optical bump at similar to 700 s in GRB 060210 might be due to the turn-on of the external shock. The existence and timing of such features could provide us with valuable additional information about the bursts.
C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
FL Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ USA.
Washington State Univ, Dept Phys, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
European So Observ, D-8046 Garching, Germany.
NOAO Gemini Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Stanek, KZ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM kstanek@astronomy.ohio-state.edu
RI Howk, Jay/D-2577-2013; Dai, Xinyu/B-5735-2011
OI Dai, Xinyu/0000-0001-9203-2808
NR 38
TC 57
Z9 57
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD JAN 1
PY 2007
VL 654
IS 1
BP L21
EP L24
DI 10.1086/510884
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 122JM
UT WOS:000243222200006
ER
PT J
AU Torres, DF
Zhang, S
Reimer, O
Barcons, X
Corral, A
Bosch-Ramon, V
Paredes, JM
Romero, GE
Qu, J
Collmar, W
Schonfelder, V
Butt, Y
AF Torres, Diego F.
Zhang, Shu
Reimer, Olaf
Barcons, Xavier
Corral, Amalia
Bosch-Ramon, Valenti
Paredes, Josep M.
Romero, Gustavo E.
Qu, Jin
Collmar, Werner
Schoenfelder, Volker
Butt, Yousaf
TI INTEGRAL/XMM views on the MeV source GRO J1411-64
SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on the Multi-Messenger Approach to High Energy Gamma-Ray
Sources/3rd Workshop of the Nature of Unidentified High-Energy Sources
CY JUL 04-07, 2006
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
DE gamma-rays; unidentified gamma-ray sources
ID GALACTIC PLANE
AB The COMPTEL unidentified source GRO J 141164 was observed by INTEGRAL and XMM-Newton in 2005. The Circinus Galaxy is the only source detected within the 4 sigma location error of GRO J1411-64, but in here excluded as the possible counterpart. At soft X-rays, 22 reliable and statistically significant sources (likelihood > 10) were extracted and analyzed from XMM-Newton data. Only one of these sources, XMMU J141255.6-635932, is spectrally compatible with GRO J1411-64 although the fact the soft X-ray observations do not cover the full extent of the COMPTEL source position uncertainty make an association hard to quantify and thus risky. At the best location of the source, detections at hard X-rays show only upper limits, which, together with MeV results obtained by COMPTEL suggest the existence of a peak in power output located somewhere between 300-700 keV for the so-called low state. Such a spectrum resembles those in blazars or microquasars, and might suggest at work by the models accordingly. However, an analysis using a microquasar model consisting on a magnetized conical jet filled with relativistic electrons, shows that it is hard to comply with all observational constrains. This fact and the non-detection at hard Xrays introduce an a-posteriori question mark upon the physical reality of this source, what is discussed here.
C1 Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fac Ciencias, Inst Ciencias Espai, CSIC,Inst Rec & Etudis Avancats, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain.
Inst High Energy Phys, Lab Particle Astrophys, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China.
Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Labs Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain.
Univ Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Inst Argentino Radioastron, RA-1894 Villa Elisa, Argentina.
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85740 Garching, Germany.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Torres, DF (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fac Ciencias, Inst Ciencias Espai, CSIC,Inst Rec & Etudis Avancats, Torre C5 Parrell,2a Planta, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain.
EM dtorres@ieec.uab.es
RI Corral, Amalia/C-5751-2014; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Barcons,
Xavier/L-3335-2014;
OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Barcons, Xavier/0000-0003-1081-8861;
Paredes, Josep M./0000-0002-1566-9044
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0004-640X
J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI
JI Astrophys. Space Sci.
PY 2007
VL 309
IS 1-4
BP 17
EP 21
DI 10.1007/s10509-007-9479-7
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 194IR
UT WOS:000248338600005
ER
PT S
AU Slane, P
AF Slane, Patrick
BE Yuan, YF
Li, XD
Lai, D
TI Recent progress in studies of pulsar wind nebulae
SO ASTROPHYSICS OF COMPACT OBJECTS
SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Astrophysics of Compact Objects
CY JUL 01-07, 2007
CL Huangshan City, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Chinese Astron Soc, Nanjing Univ, Dept Astron, Natl Astron Observ China, Res Grp Compact Objects & Diffuse Medium, Inst High Energy Phys, Particle Astrophys Lab, Peking Univ, Astron Dept, Univ Sci & Technol China
DE pulsar wind nebulae; pulsars; supernova remnants
ID X-RAY-EMISSION; SUPERNOVA REMNANT; CRAB-NEBULA; VELA PULSAR; 3C 58;
DISCOVERY; EVOLUTION; 3C-58; JET
AB The synchrotron-emitting nebulae formed by energetic winds from young pulsars provide information on a wide range phenomena that contribute to their structure. High resolution X-ray observations reveal jets and toroidal structures in many systems, along with knot-like structures whose emission is observed to be time-variable. Large-scale filaments seen in optical and radio images mark instability regions where the expanding nebulae interact with the surrounding ejecta, and spectral studies reveal the presence of these ejecta in the form of thermal X-ray emission. Infrared studies probe the frequency region where evolutionary and magnetic field effects conspire to chan-e the broadband synchrotron spectrum dramatically, and studies of the innermost regions of the nebulae provide constraints on the spectra of particles entering the nebula. At the highest energies, TeV gamma-ray observations provide a probe of the spectral region that, for low magnetic fields, corresponds to particles with energies just below the X-ray-emitting regime.
Here I summarize the structure of pulsar wind nebulae and review several new observations that have helped drive a recent resurgence in theoretical modeling of these systems.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Slane, P (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0485-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 968
BP 143
EP 150
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHG45
UT WOS:000252959900025
ER
PT S
AU Tang, SM
Laycock, S
Grindlay, J
AF Tang, Sumin
Laycock, Silas
Grindlay, Jonathan
BE Yuan, YF
Li, XD
Lai, D
TI Search for dwarf novae in DASCH scans near M44
SO ASTROPHYSICS OF COMPACT OBJECTS
SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Astrophysics of Compact Objects
CY JUL 01-07, 2007
CL Huangshan City, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Chinese Astron Soc, Nanjing Univ, Dept Astron, Natl Astron Observ China, Res Grp Compact Objects & Diffuse Medium, Inst High Energy Phys, Particle Astrophys Lab, Peking Univ, Astron Dept, Univ Sci & Technol China
DE dwarf novae; cataclysmic variables; accretion disks; binaries; M44
(Praesepe)
ID CANUM-VENATICORUM SYSTEMS; ACTIVE BINARY CORONAE; ALL-SKY SURVEY;
PRAESEPE; CLUSTER; MODEL
AB Dwarf novae (DNe) are a subclass of Cataclysmic Variables (CVs) with outbursts powered by a disk instability leading to a sudden increase in the accretion rate. The Digital Access to a Sky Century at Harvard (DASCH) Collaboration is preparing to digitize over 500,000 Harvard plates from the 1880s to the 1980s with limiting magnitudes ranging from B similar to 14 - 19. As a demonstration project, we have scanned more than 500 plates in the fields centered on the galactic open cluster M44. There are 21 CVs in the fields within 10 degrees of M44 covered by the scans. Here we present the preliminary results of DN outbursts of the known CVs to derive long-term DN outburst duty cycles. In addition, a 100y lightcurve for a XMM-Newton source is also presented to demonstrate DASCH capabilities.
C1 [Tang, Sumin; Laycock, Silas; Grindlay, Jonathan] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Tang, SM (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0485-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 968
BP 259
EP 262
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHG45
UT WOS:000252959900048
ER
PT S
AU Narayan, R
McClintock, JE
Shafee, R
AF Narayan, Ramesh
McClintock, Jeffrey E.
Shafee, Rebecca
BE Yuan, YF
Li, XD
Lai, D
TI Estimating the spins of stellar-mass black holes by fitting their
continuum spectra
SO ASTROPHYSICS OF COMPACT OBJECTS
SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Astrophysics of Compact Objects
CY JUL 01-07, 2007
CL Huangshan City, PEOPLES R CHINA
SP Natl Nat Sci Fdn China, Chinese Astron Soc, Nanjing Univ, Dept Astron, Natl Astron Observ China, Res Grp Compact Objects & Diffuse Medium, Inst High Energy Phys, Particle Astrophys Lab, Peking Univ, Astron Dept, Univ Sci & Technol China
DE accretion disk; black hole; spin; X-ray binary
ID X-RAY BINARIES; ACCRETION DISK; MODEL; MICROQUASARS; BURSTS
AB We have used the Novikov-Thome thin disk model to fit the continuum X-ray spectra of three transient black hole X-ray binaries in the thermal state. From the fits we estimate the dimensionless spin parameters of the black holes to be: 4U 1543-47, a(*) equivalent to a/M = 0.7 - 0.85; GRO J1655-40, a(*) = 0.65 - 0.9; GRS 1915+105, a(*) = 0.98 - 1. We plan to expand the sample of spin estimates to about a dozen over the next several years. Some unresolved theoretical issues are briefly discussed.
C1 [Narayan, Ramesh; McClintock, Jeffrey E.; Shafee, Rebecca] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Narayan, R (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0485-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 968
BP 265
EP 272
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHG45
UT WOS:000252959900049
ER
PT B
AU Lai, K
Huang, JS
Fazio, G
Cowie, LL
Hu, EM
Kakazu, Y
AF Lai, Kamson
Huang, Jia-Sheng
Fazio, Giovanni
Cowie, Lennox L.
Hu, Esther M.
Kakazu, Yuko
BE Afonso, J
Ferguson, HC
Mobasher, B
Norris, R
TI Spitzer constraints on the stellar population of Ly alpha emitting
galaxies at z similar to 5.7
SO AT THE EDGE OF THE UNIVERSE: LATEST RESULTS FROM THE DEEPEST
ASTRONOMICAL SURVEYS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Meeting on At the Edge of the Universe
CY OCT 09-13, 2006
CL Sintra, PORTUGAL
SP British Council, Camara Municipal Sintra, Centro Astronomia & Astrofis Univ Lisboa, Fundacao Calouste Gulbenkian, Fundacao Luso Americana, Gabinete Relacoes Internacionaise Ciencia & Ensino Superior, IPPAR, Observ Astronomico Lisboa, Microcapital, Publibrinde, POCI, TAP Portugal
ID Z-APPROXIMATE-TO-6
AB We present a study of three high-redshift Ly alpha emitting galaxies, selected via a narrow-band survey in the GOODS northern field, and spectro-scopically confirmed to have redshifts z similar to 5.7. Using HST ACS and Spitzer IRAC data, we constrain the rest-frame UV-to-optical spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the galaxies. Fitting stellar population synthesis models to the observed SEDs, we find the galaxies have stellar masses similar to 10(9) - 10(10) M-circle dot and ages similar to 5 - 100 Myr, assuming a simple starburst star formation history. If a constant star formation rate model is considered, then ages as old as 700 Myr are allowed. A comparison of our narrow-band selected objects to other IRAC-detected z - 6 V-dropout galaxies reveal similar z' - [3.6] colors and 3.6 mu m magnitudes between the two populations, suggesting that they possess stellar populations of similar masses and ages. The observed similarity may be the result of a selection bias, since the IRAC-detected objects only sample the bright end of the luminosity function.
C1 [Lai, Kamson; Huang, Jia-Sheng; Fazio, Giovanni] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Cowie, Lennox L.; Hu, Esther M.; Kakazu, Yuko] Univ Hawaii, Astron Inst, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Lai, K (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM klai@cfa.harvard.edu
FU NASA through JPL/Caltech
FX We thank the referee for comments that helped improve the paper. K. L.
thanks Ryan Hickox for helpful discussions. Thiswork is based in part on
archival data obtained with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is
operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, under a contract with NASA. Support for this work was
provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-323-2
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 380
BP 83
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHM73
UT WOS:000254343300012
ER
PT B
AU Burgarella, D
Le Floc'h, E
Takeuchi, TT
Buat, V
Huang, JS
Rieke, GH
Tyler, KD
AF Burgarella, D.
Le Floc'h, E.
Takeuchi, T. T.
Buat, V.
Huang, J. S.
Rieke, G. H.
Tyler, K. D.
BE Afonso, J
Ferguson, HC
Mobasher, B
Norris, R
TI Lyman break galaxies and luminous IR galaxies at z similar to 1
SO AT THE EDGE OF THE UNIVERSE: LATEST RESULTS FROM THE DEEPEST
ASTRONOMICAL SURVEYS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Meeting on At the Edge of the Universe
CY OCT 09-13, 2006
CL Sintra, PORTUGAL
SP British Council, Camara Municipal Sintra, Centro Astronomia & Astrofis Univ Lisboa, Fundacao Calouste Gulbenkian, Fundacao Luso Americana, Gabinete Relacoes Internacionaise Ciencia & Ensino Superior, IPPAR, Observ Astronomico Lisboa, Microcapital, Publibrinde, POCI, TAP Portugal
ID STAR-FORMATION; INFRARED GALAXIES; DEEP FIELD; ULTRAVIOLET; POPULATION;
REDSHIFT
AB We use deep GALEX images in UV to define the first large sample of 420 Lyman Break Galaxies at z similar to 1. Deep Spitzer IRAC and MIPS provide the first detection of a large sample of Lyman Break Galaxies in the mid- to far-infrared range. We are therefore able to study and compare the UV and TIR emission of Lyman Break Galaxies. We find that about 15 % of the LBG sample are strong emitters at 24 mu m (Red LBGs). Most of them are Luminous IR Galaxies (LIRGs) while the rest are undetected at the 83 mu Jy level of MIPS GTO image. The latter objects have a Spectral Energy Distribution similar to high redshift Lyman Break Galaxies.
C1 [Burgarella, D.; Buat, V.] Observ Astron Marseille Provence, LAM, BP 8, F-133761 Marseille 12, France.
[Le Floc'h, E.; Rieke, G. H.; Tyler, K. D.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Takeuchi, T. T.] Tohoku Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan.
[Huang, J. S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Burgarella, D (reprint author), Observ Astron Marseille Provence, LAM, BP 8, F-133761 Marseille 12, France.
FU COE Program; Tohoku University
FX TTT has been supported by the 21st Century COE Program Exploring New
Science by Bridging Particle-Matter Hierarchy, Tohoku University.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-323-2
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 380
BP 445
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHM73
UT WOS:000254343300072
ER
PT J
AU Liu, X
Chance, K
Kurosu, TP
AF Liu, X.
Chance, K.
Kurosu, T. P.
TI Improved ozone profile retrievals from GOME data with degradation
correction in reflectance
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; POLARIZATION
AB We present a simple method to perform degradation correction to Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) reflectance spectra by comparing the average reflectance for 60 degrees N-60 degrees S with that at the beginning of GOME observations (July-December 1995) after removing the dependences on solar zenith angle and seasonal variation. The results indicate positive biases of up to similar to 15-25% in the wavelength range 289-370 nm during 2000-2002; the degradation also exhibits significant dependence on wavelength and viewing zenith angle. These results are consistent with previous studies using radiative transfer models and ozone observations. The degradation causes retrieval biases of up to similar to 3% (10 DU, 1 DU = 2.69 x 10(16) molecules cm(-2)), 30% (10 DU), 10%, and 40% in total column ozone, tropospheric column ozone, stratospheric ozone and tropospheric ozone, respectively, from our GOME ozone profile retrieval algorithm. In addition, retrieval biases due to degradation vary significantly with latitude. The application of this degradation correction improves the retrievals relative to Dobson and ozonesonde measurements at HohenpeiBenberg station during 2000-2003 and improves the spatiotemporal consistency of retrieval quality during 1996-2003. However, because this method assumes that the deseasonalized globally-averaged reflectance does not change much with time, retrievals with this correction may be inadequate for trend analysis. In addition, it does not correct for instrument biases that have occurred since launch.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Liu, X (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM xliu@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Liu, Xiong/P-7186-2014;
OI Liu, Xiong/0000-0003-2939-574X; Chance, Kelly/0000-0002-7339-7577
NR 17
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 0
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2007
VL 7
IS 6
BP 1575
EP 1583
PG 9
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 153ML
UT WOS:000245439500007
ER
PT J
AU Liu, X
Chance, K
Sioris, CE
Kurosu, TP
AF Liu, X.
Chance, K.
Sioris, C. E.
Kurosu, T. P.
TI Impact of using different ozone cross sections on ozone profile
retrievals from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) ultraviolet
measurements
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ALGORITHM DESCRIPTION; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; UV SPECTROSCOPY; ABSORPTION;
TEMPERATURE; HITRAN
AB We investigate the effect of using three different cross section data sets on ozone profile retrievals from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) ultraviolet measurements (289-307 nm, 326-337 nm). These include Bass-Paur, Brion, and GOME flight model cross sections (references below). Using different cross sections can significantly affect the retrievals, by up to 12 Dobson Units (DU, 1 DU=2.69x10(16)< molecules cm(-2)) in total column ozone, up to 10 DU in tropospheric column ozone, and up to 100% in retrieved ozone values for individual atmospheric layers. Compared to using the Bass-Paur and GOME flight model cross sections, using the Brion cross sections not only reduces fitting residuals by 15-60% in the Huggins bands, but also improves retrievals, especially in the troposphere, as seen from validation against ozonesonde measurements. Therefore, we recommend using the Brion cross section for ozone profile retrievals from ultraviolet measurements. The total column ozone retrieved using the GOME flight model cross sections is systematically lower, by 7-10 DU, than that retrieved using the Brion and Bass-Paur cross sections and is also systematically lower than Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) observations. This study demonstrates the need for improved ozone cross section measurements in the ultraviolet to improve profile retrievals of this key atmospheric constituent.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Earth Sci & Technol Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA.
Environm Canada, Atomospher Sci & Technol Directorate, Toronto, ON, Canada.
RP Liu, X (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM xliu@umbc.edu
RI Liu, Xiong/P-7186-2014;
OI Liu, Xiong/0000-0003-2939-574X; Chance, Kelly/0000-0002-7339-7577;
Sioris, Christopher/0000-0003-1168-8755
NR 20
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 1
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2007
VL 7
IS 13
BP 3571
EP 3578
PG 8
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 199ZF
UT WOS:000248733000013
ER
PT J
AU Sioris, CE
McLinden, CA
Martin, RV
Sauvage, B
Haley, CS
Lloyd, ND
Llewellyn, EJ
Bernath, PF
Boone, CD
Brohede, S
McElroy, CT
AF Sioris, C. E.
McLinden, C. A.
Martin, R. V.
Sauvage, B.
Haley, C. S.
Lloyd, N. D.
Llewellyn, E. J.
Bernath, P. F.
Boone, C. D.
Brohede, S.
McElroy, C. T.
TI Vertical profiles of lightning-produced NO2 enhancements in the upper
troposphere observed by OSIRIS
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID OZONE MONITORING INSTRUMENT; OPTICAL TRANSIENT DETECTOR; CHEMISTRY;
GOME; DISTRIBUTIONS; SCIAMACHY; MISSION; MODELS; SPACE
AB The purpose of this study is to perform a global search of the upper troposphere (z >= 10 km) for enhancements of nitrogen dioxide and determine their sources. This is the first application of satellite-based limb scattering to study upper tropospheric NO2. We have searched two years ( May 2003 - May 2005) of OSIRIS ( Optical Spectrograph and Infrared Imager System) operational NO2concentrations ( version 2.3/ 2.4) to find large enhancements in the observations by comparing with photochemical box model calculations and by identifying local maxima in NO2 volume mixing ratio. We find that lightning is the main production mechanism responsible for the large enhancements in OSIRIS NO2 observations as expected. Similar patterns in the abundances and spatial distribution of the NO2 enhancements are obtained by perturbing the lightning within the GEOS- Chem 3- dimensional chemical transport model. In most cases, the presence of lightning is confirmed with coincident imagery from LIS ( Lightning Imaging Sensor) and the spatial extent of the NO2 enhancement is mapped using nadir observations of tropospheric NO2 at high spatial resolution from SCIAMACHY ( Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography) and OMI ( Ozone Monitoring Instrument). The combination of the lightning and chemical sensors allows us to investigate globally the role of lightning to the abundance of NO2 in the upper troposphere ( UT). Lightning contributes 60% of the tropical upper tropospheric NO2 in GEOS- Chem simulations. The spatial and temporal distribution of NO2 enhancements from lightning ( Maylyzed.
C1 Environm Canada, Expt Studies Sect, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Univ Saskatchewan, Inst Space & Atmospher Studies, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W0, Canada.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, Cambridge, MA USA.
Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Univ York, Ctr Res Earth & Space Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Univ York, Dept Chem, York, N Yorkshire, England.
Chalmers, Dept Radio & Space Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden.
RP Sioris, CE (reprint author), Environm Canada, Expt Studies Sect, Toronto, ON, Canada.
EM christopher.sioris@ec.gc.ca
RI Martin, Randall/A-2051-2008; McLinden, Chris/A-7710-2010; Bernath,
Peter/B-6567-2012; Martin, Randall/C-1205-2014; Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014;
OI McLinden, Chris/0000-0001-5054-1380; Bernath, Peter/0000-0002-1255-396X;
Martin, Randall/0000-0003-2632-8402; Sioris,
Christopher/0000-0003-1168-8755
NR 41
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2007
VL 7
IS 16
BP 4281
EP 4294
PG 14
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 204VU
UT WOS:000249072900009
ER
PT J
AU Cortesi, U
Lambert, JC
De Clercq, C
Bianchini, G
Blumenstock, T
Bracher, A
Castelli, E
Catoire, V
Chance, KV
De Maziere, M
Demoulin, P
Godin-Beekmann, S
Jones, N
Jucks, K
Keim, C
Kerzenmacher, T
Kuellmann, H
Kuttippurath, J
Iarlori, M
Liu, GY
Liu, Y
McDermid, IS
Meijer, YJ
Mencaraglia, F
Mikuteit, S
Oelhaf, H
Piccolo, C
Pirre, M
Raspollini, P
Ravegnani, F
Reburn, WJ
Redaelli, G
Remedios, JJ
Sembhi, H
Smale, D
Steck, T
Taddei, A
Varotsos, C
Vigouroux, C
Waterfall, A
Wetzel, G
Wood, S
AF Cortesi, U.
Lambert, J. C.
De Clercq, C.
Bianchini, G.
Blumenstock, T.
Bracher, A.
Castelli, E.
Catoire, V.
Chance, K. V.
De Maziere, M.
Demoulin, P.
Godin-Beekmann, S.
Jones, N.
Jucks, K.
Keim, C.
Kerzenmacher, T.
Kuellmann, H.
Kuttippurath, J.
Iarlori, M.
Liu, G. Y.
Liu, Y.
McDermid, I. S.
Meijer, Y. J.
Mencaraglia, F.
Mikuteit, S.
Oelhaf, H.
Piccolo, C.
Pirre, M.
Raspollini, P.
Ravegnani, F.
Reburn, W. J.
Redaelli, G.
Remedios, J. J.
Sembhi, H.
Smale, D.
Steck, T.
Taddei, A.
Varotsos, C.
Vigouroux, C.
Waterfall, A.
Wetzel, G.
Wood, S.
TI Geophysical validation of MIPAS-ENVISAT operational ozone data
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID LIMB EMISSION-SPECTRA; HALOGEN OCCULTATION EXPERIMENT; GROUND-BASED
FTIR; NEW-ZEALAND; SAGE-II; ERROR ANALYSIS; STRATOSPHERIC MEASUREMENTS;
HIGH-RESOLUTION; PROFILES; INSTRUMENT
AB The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS), on-board the European ENVIronmental SATellite (ENVISAT) launched on 1 March 2002, is a middle infrared Fourier Transform spectrometer measuring the atmospheric emission spectrum in limb sounding geometry. The instrument is capable to retrieve the vertical distribution of temperature and trace gases, aiming at the study of climate and atmospheric chemistry and dynamics, and at applications to data assimilation and weather forecasting. MIPAS operated in its standard observation mode for approximately two years, from July 2002 to March 2004, with scans performed at nominal spectral resolution of 0.025 cm(-1) and covering the altitude range from the mesosphere to the upper troposphere with relatively high vertical resolution (about 3 km in the stratosphere). Only reduced spectral resolution measurements have been performed subsequently. MIPAS data were re-processed by ESA using updated versions of the Instrument Processing Facility (IPF v4.61 and v4.62) and provided a complete set of level-2 operational products (geo-located vertical profiles of temperature and volume mixing ratio of H2O, O-3, HNO3, CH4, N2O and NO2) with quasi continuous and global coverage in the period of MIPAS full spectral resolution mission. In this paper, we report a detailed description of the validation of MIPAS-ENVISAT operational ozone data, that was based on the comparison between MIPAS v4.61 (and, to a lesser extent, v4.62) O-3 VMR profiles and a comprehensive set of correlative data, including observations from ozone sondes, ground-based lidar, FTIR and microwave radiometers, remote-sensing and in situ instruments on-board stratospheric aircraft and balloons, concurrent satellite sensors and ozone fields assimilated by the European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasting.
A coordinated effort was carried out, using common criteria for the selection of individual validation data sets, and similar methods for the comparisons. This enabled merging the individual results from a variety of independent reference measurements of proven quality (i.e. well characterized error budget) into an overall evaluation of MIPAS O-3 data quality, having both statistical strength and the widest spatial and temporal coverage. Collocated measurements from ozone sondes and ground-based lidar and microwave radiometers of the Network for the Detection Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) were selected to carry out comparisons with time series of MIPAS O-3 partial columns and to identify groups of stations and time periods with a uniform pattern of ozone differences, that were subsequently used for a vertically resolved statistical analysis. The results of the comparison are classified according to synoptic and regional systems and to altitude intervals, showing a generally good agreement within the comparison error bars in the upper and middle stratosphere. Significant differences emerge in the lower stratosphere and are only partly explained by the larger contributions of horizontal and vertical smoothing differences and of collocation errors to the total uncertainty. Further results obtained from a purely statistical analysis of the same data set from NDACC ground-based lidar stations, as well as from additional ozone soundings at middle latitudes and from NDACC ground-based FTIR measurements, confirm the validity of MIPAS O-3 profiles down to the lower stratosphere, with evidence of larger discrepancies at the lowest altitudes. The validation against O-3 VMR profiles using collocated observations performed by other satellite sensors (SAGE II, POAM III, ODIN-SMR, ACE-FTS, HALOE, GOME) and ECMWF assimilated ozone fields leads to consistent results, that are to a great extent compatible with those obtained from the comparison with ground-based measurements. Excellent agreement in the full vertical range of the comparison is shown with respect to collocated ozone data from stratospheric aircraft and balloon instruments, that was mostly obtained in very good spatial and temporal coincidence with MIPAS scans. This might suggest that the larger differences observed in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere with respect to collocated ground-based and satellite O-3 data are only partly due to a degradation of MIPAS data quality. They should be rather largely ascribed to the natural variability of these altitude regions and to other components of the comparison errors. By combining the results of this large number of validation data sets we derived a general assessment of MIPAS v4.61 and v4.62 ozone data quality.
A clear indication of the validity of MIPAS O-3 vertical profiles is obtained for most of the stratosphere, where the mean relative difference with the individual correlative data sets is always lower than +/- 10%. Furthermore, these differences always fall within the combined systematic error (from 1 hPa to 50 hPa) and the standard deviation is fully consistent with the random error of the comparison (from 1 hPa to similar to 30-40 hPa). A degradation in the quality of the agreement is generally observed in the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere, with biases up to 25% at 100 hPa and standard deviation of the global mean differences up to three times larger than the combined random error in the range 50-100 hPa. The larger differences observed at the bottom end of MIPAS retrieved profiles can be associated, as already noticed, to the effects of stronger atmospheric gradients in the UTLS that are perceived differently by the various measurement techniques. However, further components that may degrade the results of the comparison at lower altitudes can be identified as potentially including cloud contamination, which is likely not to have been fully filtered using the current settings of the MIPAS cloud detection algorithm, and in the linear approximation of the forward model that was used for the a priori estimate of systematic error components. The latter, when affecting systematic contributions with a random variability over the spatial and temporal scales of global averages, might result in an underestimation of the random error of the comparison and add up to other error sources, such as the possible underestimates of the p and T error propagation based on the assumption of a 1 K and 2% uncertainties, respectively, on MIPAS temperature and pressure retrievals.
At pressure lower than 1 hPa, only a small fraction of the selected validation data set provides correlative ozone data of adequate quality and it is difficult to derive quantitative conclusions about the performance of MIPAS O-3 retrieval for the topmost layers.
C1 CNR, IFAC, Florence, Italy.
Belgian Inst Space Aeron, BIRA IASB, Brussels, Belgium.
Univ Karlsruhe, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH, IMK, Karlsruhe, Germany.
Univ Bremen, Inst Environm Phys & Remote Sensing, Bremen, Germany.
CNR, ISAC, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
Univ Orleans, CNRS, LPCE, Orleans, France.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Liege, Inst Astrophys & Geophys, Liege, Belgium.
Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Serv Aeron, IPSL, Paris, France.
Univ Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia.
Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Univ Aquila, CETEMPS, Dipartimento Fis, I-67100 Laquila, Italy.
Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China.
Jet Propuls Lab, Table Mt Facil, Wrightwood, CA USA.
Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, RIVM, LVM, Bilthoven, Netherlands.
Univ Oxford, Oxford, England.
Rutherford Appleton Lab, CCLRC, Didcot, Oxon, England.
Univ Leicester, Leicester, Leics, England.
Natl Inst Water & Air Res Ltd, Lauder, New Zealand.
Univ Athens, Fac Phys, Dept Appl Phys, Athens, Greece.
RP Cortesi, U (reprint author), CNR, IFAC, Florence, Italy.
EM u.cortesi@ifac.cnr.it
RI Ravegnani, Fabrizio/A-7800-2009; Blumenstock, Thomas/K-2263-2012;
Wetzel, Gerald/A-7065-2013; Oelhaf, Hermann/A-7895-2013; Bracher,
Astrid/B-7805-2013; Varotsos, Costas/H-6257-2013; Cortesi,
Ugo/D-2704-2012; Jones, Nicholas/G-5575-2011; Catoire,
Valery/E-9662-2015; Barthlott, Sabine/B-1439-2013;
OI Ravegnani, Fabrizio/0000-0003-0735-9297; Redaelli,
Gianluca/0000-0002-4449-1513; Bracher, Astrid/0000-0003-3025-5517;
Varotsos, Costas/0000-0001-7215-3610; Cortesi, Ugo/0000-0002-2827-5239;
Jones, Nicholas/0000-0002-0111-2368; Catoire,
Valery/0000-0001-8126-3096; Barthlott, Sabine/0000-0003-0258-9421;
Chance, Kelly/0000-0002-7339-7577; Castelli, Elisa/0000-0003-2218-5790
NR 89
TC 89
Z9 95
U1 2
U2 11
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
EI 1680-7324
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PY 2007
VL 7
IS 18
BP 4807
EP 4867
PG 61
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 215CK
UT WOS:000249785700007
ER
PT S
AU Chance, K
AF Chance, Kelly
BE Roueff, E
TI Spectroscopic needs for atmospheric pollution measurements from space
SO ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR DATA AND THEIR APPLICATIONS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Conference on Atomic and Molecular Data and Their
Applications
CY OCT 15-NOV 19, 2006
CL Meudon, FRANCE
SP Consell Sci Observ Paris, Observ Paris, Dept LUTh, Observ Paris, Dept LERMA, CNRS, Programme Natl Phys & Chimie Milleu Interstellaire, Programme Natl Planetol, Programme Natl Phys Stellaire, Assoc Euratom CEA, Inst Lasers & Plasmas, Reg Ile France
DE earth atmosphere; tropospheric composition; atmospheric pollution
ID PROFILER SUITE OMPS; OZONE; SPECTROMETER; INSTRUMENT
AB This article provides an overview of current spectroscopic needs for measurements of atmospheric pollution from Earth satellites. This is now a sizable field of research, with some dozen satellites now performing measurements or being planned or prepared for launch. Measurements of tropospheric chemical constituents, their sources, sinks, transport, and transformation, provide crucial information on tropospheric oxidation chemistry and pollution of the lower atmosphere, and are now being employed to improve global emission inventories of odd nitrogen (NO.) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Pollution measurements include: formaldehyde (HCHO), the major proxy for VOCs; glyoxal (CHOCHO) a recent additional proxy for VOC emissions; NO(2), the major proxy for NO.; tropospheric ozone (03); carbon monoxide (CO); sulfur dioxide (SO(2)), from volcanoes and from anthropogenic pollution; and enhanced BrO over the polar ice shelves in spring. The needs for improved laboratory spectroscopic measurements for the various pollutants will be presented.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Chance, K (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 27
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 3
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0407-6
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 901
BP 13
EP 18
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical;
Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BGD93
UT WOS:000246215300002
ER
PT S
AU Kirby, KP
AF Kirby, Kate P.
BE Roueff, E
TI Atomic and molecular physics for forefront astronomy
SO Atomic and Molecular Data and Their Applications
SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th International Conference on Atomic and Molecular Data and Their
Applications
CY OCT 15-NOV 19, 2006
CL Meudon, FRANCE
SP Consell Sci Observ Paris, Observ Paris, Dept LUTh, Observ Paris, Dept LERMA, CNRS, Programme Natl Phys & Chimie Milleu Interstellaire, Programme Natl Planetol, Programme Natl Phys Stellaire, Assoc Euratom CEA, Inst Lasers & Plasmas, Reg Ile France
DE astrophysics; spectroscopy; charge exchange; line ratios; electron
impact excitation
ID X-RAY; EMISSION; IONS
AB Across a wide range of wavelengths and encompassing a rich menagerie of astrophysical objects and environments, the need for atomic and molecular data to advance forefront astrophysical research has never been greater. Over the last decade, astronomical discoveries, such as the detection of brown dwarfs and extra-solar planets, and the observation of new phenomena, such as x-rays from comets, have created a demand for more and different kinds of data. The next generation of ground- and space-based instruments with greater sensitivities and higher spectroscopic resolution will expand our windows on the Universe, increasing the pressure for atomic and molecular data of higher accuracy and greater completeness. Examples of recent successes as well as future opportunities for research in this area will be discussed.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Kirby, KP (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0407-6
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 901
BP 26
EP 32
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical;
Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BGD93
UT WOS:000246215300004
ER
PT S
AU Silver, E
Chen, G
Kirby, K
Brickhouse, NS
Gillaspy, JD
Tan, JN
Pomeroy, JM
Laming, JM
AF Silver, E.
Chen, Gx
Kirby, K.
Brickhouse, N. S.
Gillaspy, J. D.
Tan, J. N.
Pomeroy, J. M.
Laming, J. M.
BE Gillaspy, JD
Curry, JJ
Wiese, WL
TI X-ray measurements using a microcalorimeter on an electron beam ion trap
SO ATOMIC PROCESSES IN PLASMAS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 15th International Conference on Atomic Processes in Plasmas
CY MAR 19-22, 2007
CL Gaithersburg, MD
SP US DOE, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Inst Stand & Technol
AB The X-ray telescopes and spectrometers flown on Chandra and XMM-Newton are returning exciting new data from a wide variety of cosmic sources such as stellar coronae, supemova remnants, galaxies, clusters of galaxies, active galactic nuclei and X-ray binaries. To achieve the best scientific interpretation of the data from these and future spectroscopic missions and related ground-based observations, theoretical calculations and plasma models must be verified or modified by the results obtained from measurements in the laboratory. Such measurements are the focus of several laboratory astrophysics programs that use an electron beam ion trap (EBIT) to simulate astrophysical plasma conditions. Here we describe our recent spectroscopic measurements of neon-like iron and nickel using a microcalofimeter on the EBIT at the National Institute of Standards (NIST) [1]. We obtain values for the intensity ratios of the well-known lines emitted by these ions and compare the results with new large scale electron-ion scattering calculations. Additional details about our laboratory astrophysics work can be found in some earlier papers [2-4].
C1 [Silver, E.; Chen, Gx; Kirby, K.; Brickhouse, N. S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Chen, Gx; Kirby, K.] ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Gillaspy, J. D.; Tan, J. N.; Pomeroy, J. M.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Laming, J. M.] US Navy, Ctr Space Res, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Silver, E (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
OI Brickhouse, Nancy/0000-0002-8704-4473
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0436-6
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 926
BP 79
EP 79
PG 1
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA BGO81
UT WOS:000249095400012
ER
PT S
AU Brickhouse, NS
AF Brickhouse, Nancy S.
BE Gillaspy, JD
Curry, JJ
Wiese, WL
TI The role of atomic physics in understanding physical processes in high
energy astrophysics
SO ATOMIC PROCESSES IN PLASMAS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 15th International Conference on Atomic Processes in Plasmas
CY MAR 19-22, 2007
CL Gaithersburg, MD
SP US DOE, Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Los Alamos Natl Lab, Natl Inst Stand & Technol
DE galactic and intergalactic astronomy; solar corona; stellar systems;
X-ray spectra
ID TRANSMISSION GRATING SPECTROMETER; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI;
X-RAY-ABSORPTION; FE-XVII; LABORATORY MEASUREMENTS; LIGHT MEASUREMENTS;
CHANDRA; CAPELLA; EMISSION; SPECTRUM
AB X-ray grating spectra from Chandra and XMM-Newton have provided new insights into many of the physical processes present in astrophysical sources. For example, (i) shocks produced by magnetic accretion onto stellar surfaces cool as the material flows down, with density and temperature diagnostics providing tests of the accretion models; (ii) many active galactic nuclei (AGN) produce winds or outflows, detectable through X-ray absorption; (iii) active cool stars have coronal pressures several orders of magnitude larger than found on the Sun. The diagnostics used to determine temperatures, densities, elemental abundances, ionization states, and opacities require extremely accurate atomic data. At the same time, we must have a fairly complete database in order to ensure that the diagnostics are not blended or otherwise compromised. The best spectra are from bright objects with long exposures (days), but the information contained allows us to infer the location(s) of the emitting and absorbing plasmas and understand the physical properties. We will give examples to illustrate the role of atomic physics in our analyses of such spectra and the quality of data required.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Brickhouse, NS (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 15, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
OI Brickhouse, Nancy/0000-0002-8704-4473
NR 35
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0436-6
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 926
BP 102
EP 109
PG 8
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA BGO81
UT WOS:000249095400017
ER
PT J
AU Isler, ML
Isler, PR
Whitney, BM
AF Isler, Morton L.
Isler, Phyllis R.
Whitney, Bret M.
TI Species limits in antbirds (Thamnophilidae): The Warbling Antbird
(Hypocnemis cantator) complex
SO AUK
LA English
DT Article
DE biodiversity; Hypocnemis; neotropics; speciation; systematics;
Thamnophilidae; vocalizations
ID PASSERIFORMES; BIRDS; DIFFERENTIATION; FRAGMENTATION; VOCALIZATIONS;
FORMICARIIDAE
AB Six populations of Warbling Antbird (Hypocnctnis cantator) currently considered subspecies are more appropriately recognized as species, given the multiplicity of vocal differences that distinguishes them. These vocal differences are as great or greater than vocal differences documented between syntopic species-pairs in the family Thamnophiliclae (Isler et al. 1998). Evidence is also provided that two forms currently considered subspecies are syntopic and that two others are parapatric without apparent physical barriers. Vocally, the pair of syntopic taxa were distinguished dramatically, but solely, by common calls. The finding that common calls were as diversified as songs in this species-group suggests that calls may be as important as songs in reproductive isolation. Future field studies should therefore focus on clarifying the function of different types of thamnophilid vocalizations and elucidating their role in speciation. This is the first contribution to a multifaceted analysis of the vocalizations and genetic structure of typical antbirds (Thamnophilidae) in Amazonia. In future work, results of the vocal analysis will be compared with a parallel genetic study, after which the two analyses will be integrated to suggest a phylogeny. The present study and preliminary studies of genetic differentiation (e.g., Bates et al. 1999) make it clear that the H. cantator complex has had a long evolutionary history that produced greater species-level diversity than was recognized previously. Received 15 January 2005, accepted 12 February 2006.
C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool Birds, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Isler, ML (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool Birds, Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM antbird@cox.net
NR 30
TC 43
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0004-8038
J9 AUK
JI AUK
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 124
IS 1
BP 11
EP 28
DI 10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[11:SLIATT]2.0.CO;2
PG 18
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 131GF
UT WOS:000243855900002
ER
PT J
AU Lambert, JB
Wu, YY
Kozminski, MA
Santiago-Blay, JA
AF Lambert, Joseph B.
Wu, Yuyang
Kozminski, Michael A.
Santiago-Blay, Jorge A.
TI Characterization of eucalyptus and chemically related exudates by
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CHEMISTRY; KINOS
AB Exudates from six species of the genus Eucalyptus and one of the genus Corymbia ( formerly Eucalyptus), from the family Myrtaceae, have been characterized by solid-state C-13 and solution H-1 NMR spectroscopy for the first time. Although these eucalypt kinos, as these exudates often are called, resemble resin (terpenoid) and gum ( carbohydrate) exudates in physical appearance, their NMR spectra are dramatically different. In addition to lacking the characteristic terpene saturated resonances, they exhibit strong unsaturated resonances, which are weak for resins and absent for gums. We additionally report that exudates from genera of several other families of flowering plants (Amyris, Centrolobium, Guaiacum, Liquidambar, and Prosopis) also exhibit part or all of this kino spectroscopic signature.
C1 Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Lambert, JB (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
EM jlambert@northwestern.edu
NR 12
TC 8
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 7
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 0004-9425
J9 AUST J CHEM
JI Aust. J. Chem.
PY 2007
VL 60
IS 11
BP 862
EP 870
DI 10.1071/CH07163
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA 226PD
UT WOS:000250600100013
ER
PT J
AU Boyd, AM
Foley, DH
AF Boyd, Ann-Marie
Foley, Desmond H.
TI Distribution of sibling species of the Anopheles annulipes complex
(Diptera : Culicidae) in the Townsville region of Australia
SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE container breeding; ecology; malaria; Ross River Dam
ID NEW-SOUTH-WALES; ROSS RIVER RESERVOIR; WALKER DIPTERA; MOSQUITOS;
GRIFFITH; INFECTION; SOFTWARE; STAGE-1
AB As members of the Anopheles annulipes species complex have been implicated as possible malaria vectors in the past, their response to dams and urban development is of medical interest. We collected An. annulipes sensu lato (s.l.) Walker from the Ross River Dam and environs of tropical north Queensland, and scored them for 28 allozyme loci. Allozyme genotype data were analysed by the Unweighted Pair Group Method of Analysis applied to percentage fixed allelic differences (%FD) and by a Bayesian clustering approach. Both approaches revealed four groups, which differed by more than 25%FD, suggesting four species. Specimens sequenced for the Internal transcribed spacer subunit 2 of rDNA suggested that three of these groups were An. annulipes species D, species I and species O. Anopheles annulipes species D occurred in the Ross River and the Ross River Dam, An. annulipes species O inhabited rock pools, and An. annulipes species I inhabited both rock pools and artificial containers in domestic situations. Construction of the Ross River Dam appears to have benefited at least An. annulipes species D, and nearby housing development An. annulipes species I. Although An. annulipes s.l. does not appear to be a major medical risk, mosquito monitoring around Townsville may need to take into account the multispecies status of this taxon.
C1 Community Response Dept, Pine Rivers Shire Council, Strathpine, Qld 4500, Australia.
Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Foley, DH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Walter Reed Biosyst Unit, MSC MRC 534, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
EM foleydes@si.edu
OI Foley, Desmond/0000-0001-7525-4601
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1326-6756
J9 AUST J ENTOMOL
JI Aust. J. Entomol.
PY 2007
VL 46
BP 133
EP 139
DI 10.1111/j.1440-6055.2007.00573.x
PN 2
PG 7
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 155TN
UT WOS:000245601200007
ER
PT J
AU Luna, GJM
Costa, RDD
Sokoloski, JL
AF Luna, Gerardo J. M.
Costa, Roberto D. D.
Sokoloski, Jennifer L.
TI Nebular abundances of southern symbiotic stars
SO BALTIC ASTRONOMY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Meeting on Evolution and Chemistry of Symbiotic Stars, Binary Post-AGB
and Related Objects
CY AUG 28-30, 2006
CL Wierzba, POLAND
SP Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, LEA Astro PF
DE stars : binaries : symbiotic; stars : abundances
ID PLANETARY-NEBULAE; SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS; GALACTIC BULGE
AB We present relative elemental abundances for a representative sample of 53 symbiotic stars in our Galaxy. We derive the He abundances taking into account self-absorption effects in Balmer lines. Our results for N/O, Ne/O, Ar/O and He/H show that symbiotic stars follow the same trend as other well-known tracers of Galactic chemical evolution such as planetary nebulae. The increasing number of suspected symbiotic stars being discovered in X-rays and optical wavelengths suggests that symbiotic stars may play a key role in diagnostics of the Galaxy evolution in advanced stages.
C1 Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Astron Geofis & Ciencias Atmosfer, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
RP Luna, GJM (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Astron Geofis & Ciencias Atmosfer, Rua Matao 1226,Cid Univ, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, Brazil.
RI Dias da Costa, Roberto/F-4765-2012
OI Dias da Costa, Roberto/0000-0002-6650-9454
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU INST THEORETICAL PHYSICS ASTRONOMY
PI MOLETAI
PA MOLETAI LT-4150, LITHUANIA
SN 1392-0049
J9 BALT ASTRON
JI Balt. Astron.
PY 2007
VL 16
IS 1
BP 40
EP 42
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 159RL
UT WOS:000245883900011
ER
PT J
AU Phelps, SM
Rand, AS
Ryan, MJ
AF Phelps, Steven M.
Rand, A. Stanley
Ryan, Michael J.
TI The mixed-species chorus as public information: tungara frogs eavesdrop
on a heterospecific
SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE animal communication; anuran; eavesdropping; public information; sexual
selection
ID PHYSALAEMUS-PUSTULOSUS; NEOTROPICAL FROG; BAT PREDATION; ALARM CALLS;
DOWNY WOODPECKERS; VERVET MONKEYS; CHEMICAL CUES; RECOGNITION;
EVOLUTION; RESPONSES
AB Multispecies choruses represent a promising but uninvestigated forum for public information. Although frogs exposed to a potential predator call more readily in the presence of conspecific calls than in their absence, none are known to make comparable use of heterospecific calls. To test for heterospecific eavesdropping, we isolated calling male tungara frogs (Physalaemus pustulosus), presented them with a potential predator, and recorded their responses to playbacks of 1 of 4 stimuli: calls of a conspecific, a sympatric heterospecific (Leptodactylus labialis), an allopatric congener (Physalaemus enesefae), or silence. We found that males called more in response to the L. labialis call than to either the silent stimulus or the P. enesefae call. In contrast, the P. enesefae call did not result in significantly more calling than the silent stimulus. The conspecific call was the most effective at promoting calling. The data indicate that tungara frogs selectively attend to the call of a heterospecific. We hypothesize that such heterospecific eavesdropping contributes to the emergent behavior of mixed-species choruses.
C1 Univ Florida, Dept Zool, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
Univ Texas, Sect Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
RP Phelps, SM (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Zool, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM phelps@zoo.ufl.edu
NR 64
TC 41
Z9 42
U1 2
U2 30
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1045-2249
J9 BEHAV ECOL
JI Behav. Ecol.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 18
IS 1
BP 108
EP 114
DI 10.1093/beheco/ar1063
PG 7
WC Behavioral Sciences; Biology; Ecology; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics;
Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 120CA
UT WOS:000243060000014
ER
PT S
AU Parenti, LR
AF Parenti, Lynne R.
BE Ebach, MC
Tangney, R
TI Common cause and historical biogeography
SO BIOGEOGRAPHY IN A CHANGING WORLD
SE Systematics Association Special Volume Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on What is Biogeography held at 5th Biennial Meeting of the
Systematics-Association
CY AUG, 2005
CL Cardiff Univ, Cardiff, WALES
SP Natl Museum Wales, Amgueddfa Cymru
HO Cardiff Univ
ID VICARIANCE BIOGEOGRAPHY; PHYLOGENETIC BIOGEOGRAPHY; CLADISTIC
BIOGEOGRAPHY; PARSIMONY ANALYSIS; COMPONENT ANALYSIS; ANCESTRAL AREAS;
ORIGIN CONCEPT; DISPERSAL; EVOLUTION; PACIFIC
AB The search for a general pattern of area relationships for a group of taxa living in the same region lies at the core of historical or cladistic biogeography. Once a general pattern is discovered, its cause may be inferred. This sequence, first discovering a pattern, then inferring its cause, is the logical foundation of cladistic biogeography. Ignoring this sequence, for example, inferring the causes of a distribution pattern and then using those inferences to reject, or to fail to look for, a pattern, is a rejection of the principles of cladistic biogeography. One reason for ignoring this sequence is misapplication of the principles of phylogenetic systematics in biogeographic analysis. A second reason is inferring a priori, using fossil evidence, molecular data, or both, that a taxon is too young or too old to be part of a general pattern and, hence, could not have been affected by the same Earth history events as other taxa. A third reason is assuming that taxa with different dispersal abilities or ecologies are unlikely to be part of the same general pattern, therefore, unlikely to share a distributional history. There are other reasons, many discipline-specific and often correlated with adherence to a center of origin concept. Formation of redundant distribution patterns, with widespread taxa, pruned by extinction, has left some baffling, sometimes seemingly contradictory, distribution patterns worldwide and throughout geologic time. The relationship between Earth history (geology) and phylogeny and distribution patterns (biology) is still under debate. Separating identification of a pattern from inferences about the processes or mechanism that caused it remains a challenge for historical biogeography.
C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Div Fisheries, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Parenti, LR (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Div Fisheries, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 113
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 5
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
SN 0309-2593
BN 978-0-8493-8038-9
J9 SYST ASSOC SPEC VOL
JI Syst. Assoc. Spec. Vol. Ser.
PY 2007
IS 70
BP 61
EP 82
PG 22
WC Biology; Ecology; Geography, Physical
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Physical Geography
GA BFW02
UT WOS:000245034600002
ER
PT J
AU Alvarez-Solis, JD
Rosset, PM
Diaz-Hernandez, BM
Plascencia-Vargas, H
Rice, RA
AF Alvarez-Solis, Jose David
Rosset, Peter M.
Diaz-Hernandez, Blanca Mayela
Plascencia-Vargas, Hector
Rice, Robert A.
TI Soil fertility differences across a land-use intensification gradient in
the highlands of Chiapas, Mexico
SO BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS
LA English
DT Article
DE soil fertility; land-use intensification; soil organic matter;
phosphorus; Zea mays
ID PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS; BURN AGRICULTURE; FOREST; SLASH
AB In the highlands of Chiapas, southern Mexico, soil texture and soil chemical properties were measured in 70 agricultural fields covering a range of slope positions and managements. Fields represented four corn cropping systems: long fallow, short fallow, pasture-cultivation rotation, and annual continuous cultivation, in addition to fallow at rest (forest, shrubland, and pastures). Fields were located in four slope positions (upper, middle, and lower slopes, and doline floor) in a karst landscape developed on limestone with additions of acid volcanic ashes. Distribution of clays and sands were related to the toposequence and the percentage of clay fraction increased from upper slope to doline floor. Sand presented a reverse pattern. Some soil chemical properties also vary in a characteristic way along the toposequence. Exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) and pH were higher in the doline floor than in the other slope positions. Soil organic matter and total N contents were 30.4 and 35.2% higher under long fallow than under annual continuous cultivation. Soil Olsen P was greater under cultivation than under fallow (irrespective of the cropping system), with the highest values under annual continuous cultivation (16.2 +/- 8.3 mg kg(-1)) and the lowest in the forest (5.3 +/- 2.5 mg kg(-1)). Exchangeable K+ was 74 and 51% higher in cultivated plots of the long and the short fallow than under forest and shrubland, respectively. Exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ and ECEC did not vary significantly among the cropping systems. Inputs of basic cations through burning of tree and shrub vegetation increased the soil pH. These results indicate that land use intensification is leading to a decline in soil organic matter and total N, whereas Olsen P increased with intensification due to the continuous application of P fertilizers and sheep manure as soil conditioners in intensively cultivated fields.
C1 El Colegio Frontera Sur, Dept Agroecol, Div Sist Prod Alternat, Chiapas, Mexico.
Inst Food & Dev Policy, Oakland, CA 94618 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
RP Alvarez-Solis, JD (reprint author), El Colegio Frontera Sur, Dept Agroecol, Div Sist Prod Alternat, Apartado Postal 63, Chiapas, Mexico.
EM dalvarez@sclc.ecosur.mx
RI Trejo, Yesenia/D-9257-2012
NR 22
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0178-2762
J9 BIOL FERT SOILS
JI Biol. Fertil. Soils
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 43
IS 3
BP 379
EP 386
DI 10.1007/s00374-006-0123-4
PG 8
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 119RR
UT WOS:000243031300013
ER
PT J
AU Hoffman, J
Munro, C
Davis, A
Brown, J
AF Hoffman, Jackie
Munro, Coralie
Davis, Adam
Brown, Janine
TI Analysis of immunoreactive inhibin alpha-subunit throughout the estrous
cycle of asian and african elephants.
SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 40th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction
CY JUL 21-25, 2007
CL San Antonio, TX
SP Soc Study Reprod
C1 Emory Univ, Athens, GA USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
Smithosonian Natl Zool Pk Conservat & Res Ctr, Front Royal, VA USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION
PI MADISON
PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA
SN 0006-3363
J9 BIOL REPROD
JI Biol. Reprod.
PY 2007
SI SI
BP 154
EP 154
PG 1
WC Reproductive Biology
SC Reproductive Biology
GA 189QB
UT WOS:000248002500365
ER
PT J
AU Laurance, WF
AF Laurance, William F.
TI A new initiative to use carbon trading for tropical forest conservation
SO BIOTROPICA
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE carbon offsets; deforestation; global warming; greenhouse gases; Kyoto
Protocol; old-growth forest; rainforest
ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; LAND-USE; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; BRAZILIAN
AMAZON; KYOTO PROTOCOL; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RAIN-FORESTS; DEFORESTATION;
CORRUPTION; FEEDBACKS
AB I describe a new initiative, led by a coalition of developing nations, to devise a viable mechanism for using carbon trading to protect old-growth tropical forests. I highlight some of the practical and political hurdles involved in forest-carbon trading, and explain why this initiative is rapidly gaining broad-based political support.
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Laurance, WF (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama.
EM laurancew@si.edu
RI Laurance, William/B-2709-2012
NR 49
TC 56
Z9 60
U1 2
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0006-3606
J9 BIOTROPICA
JI Biotropica
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 39
IS 1
BP 20
EP 24
DI 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00229.x
PG 5
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 123KJ
UT WOS:000243294500002
ER
PT J
AU Andresen, E
Laurance, SGW
AF Andresen, Ellen
Laurance, Susan G. W.
TI Possible indirect effects of mammal hunting on dung beetle assemblages
in Panama
SO BIOTROPICA
LA English
DT Article
DE dung beetles; hunting; mammals; Panama; rain forest; Scarabaeinae
ID RAIN-FOREST; SEED DISPERSAL; LOS TUXTLAS; TROPICAL FORESTS; CENTRAL
AMAZONIA; FRAGMENTATION; COMMUNITY; COLEOPTERA; DIVERSITY; ABUNDANCE
AB Hunting often impacts rain forest mammal communities but little is known about its indirect effects on other taxa. We examined dung beetle assemblages using pitfall and flight-intercept traps at six rain forest sites in Panama that ranged in hunting intensity. Heavily hunted sites showed altered community composition, significantly fewer species (based on rarefaction), and lower abundances of dung beetles than did sites with little hunting. Our results suggest that intensive hunting affects nontarget forest taxa and is potentially altering ecosystem functioning.
C1 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest & Ecosistemas, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Andresen, E (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest & Ecosistemas, Apartado Postal 27-7, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico.
EM andresen@oikos.unam.mx
RI Laurance, Susan/G-6021-2011
OI Laurance, Susan/0000-0002-2831-2933
NR 46
TC 48
Z9 52
U1 2
U2 26
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3606
J9 BIOTROPICA
JI Biotropica
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 39
IS 1
BP 141
EP 146
DI 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00239.x
PG 6
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 123KJ
UT WOS:000243294500019
ER
PT J
AU Funk, VA
Chan, R
Holland, A
AF Funk, Vicki A.
Chan, Raymund
Holland, Ailsa
TI Cymbonotus (Compositae : Arctotideae, Arctotidinae): an endemic
Australian genus embedded in a southern African clade
SO BOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE Asteraceae; Australia; chloroplast DNA; Cichorioideae; internal
transcribed spacer (ITS); sequence data; South Africa
ID EVOLUTION; ASTERACEAE; NDHF
AB The Compositae (Asteraceae) is the largest flowering plant family if described, accepted taxa are considered. Recent revisions in the taxonomy of the family have resulted in the recognition of ten subfamilies and 35 tribes. The tribe Arctotideae is one of the smallest, with around 200 species; it contains two subtribes and several hard-to-place taxa. Previous work has shown that the subtribe Arctotidinae is well defined and is restricted to southern Africa, except for the Australian genus Cymbonotus. Molecular data from internal transcribed spacer (ITS), ndhF, and trnL-F sequences were used (24 previously published sequences; 47 new sequences) to determine the patterns of relationships within the subtribe. Twenty-three samples from the ingroup, including members of all genera and all three species of Cymbonotus, were included in the analysis, together with two outgroup taxa. Cymbonotus is monophyletic and deeply embedded in the subtribe; Haplocarpha is paraphyletic and basal in position; all other genera are monophyletic; however, Arctotis has over 60 species and only eight were sampled for this study, so additional work may prove otherwise. Arctotis is nested high in the tree and has short branch lengths; this may reflect recent radiation. By contrast, the species of the paraphyletic and basal Haplocarpha have long branches, which may indicate an older radiation and a shared ancestry with the remainder of the subtribe. The presence of Cymbonotus in Australia is most probably the result of long-distance dispersal. Journal compilation (c) 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007, 153, 1-8. No claim to original US government works.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, NMNH, US Natl Herbarium, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Brisbane Bot Gardens Mt Coot Tha, Queensland Herbarium EPA, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
RP Funk, VA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, NMNH, US Natl Herbarium, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM funkv@si.edu
NR 21
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 2
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0024-4074
J9 BOT J LINN SOC
JI Bot. J. Linnean Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 153
IS 1
BP 1
EP 8
DI 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2007.00596.x
PG 8
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 124ZR
UT WOS:000243411800001
ER
PT J
AU Cairns, SD
Bayer, FM
Fautin, DG
AF Cairns, Stephen D.
Bayer, Frederick M.
Fautin, Daphne Gail
TI Galatheanthemum profundale (Anthozoa : Actiniaria) in the western
Atlantic
SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
AB Galatheanthemum profundale Carlgren, 1956, is one of two known species of tube-forming sea anemones from abyssal-hadal depths. It was described from the trenches of the western Pacific Ocean, and has been reported from many trenches in the Pacific and at abyssal depths of Antarctica. Here we extend its range to the Atlantic Ocean, based on specimens collected in the Puerto Rico Trench and Virgin Islands Trough. In light of our research, it is likely that previous reports of Galatheanthemum sp. from the Atlantic Ocean refer to this species.
C1 Univ Kansas, Museum Nat Hist, Div Invertebrate Zool, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Fautin, DG (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Museum Nat Hist, Div Invertebrate Zool, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
EM fautin@ku.edu
NR 21
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 2
PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI
PI MIAMI
PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA
SN 0007-4977
J9 B MAR SCI
JI Bull. Mar. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 80
IS 1
BP 191
EP 200
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 151NE
UT WOS:000245296500011
ER
PT B
AU Davidson, JF
AF Davidson, Janet F.
BE Scranton, P
Davidson, JF
TI Afterword
SO BUSINESS OF TOURISM: PLACE, FAITH, AND HISTORY
SE Hagley Perspectives on Business and Culture
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 [Davidson, Janet F.] Smithsonian Inst, Amer Move, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 17
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV PENNSYLVANIA PRESS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 3905 SPRUCE STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA
BN 978-0-8122-3968-3
J9 HAGLEY PERSPECT BUS
PY 2007
BP 239
EP +
PG 6
WC Business; Geography; History
SC Business & Economics; Geography; History
GA BLH86
UT WOS:000270209300010
ER
PT J
AU Anker, A
AF Anker, Arthur
TI Alpheus zimmermani sp nov., a new colourful snapping shrimp (Crustacea :
Decapoda) from the Caribbean Sea
SO CAHIERS DE BIOLOGIE MARINE
LA English
DT Article
DE Alpheidae; Alpheus; snapping shrimp; new species; western Atlantic;
coral reef; colour pattern
ID BARTHOLOMEA-ANNULATA; ALPHEIDAE
AB A new snapping shrimp, Alpheus zimmermani sp. nov. is described on the basis of a single specimen collected on a coral reef off Guana Island, British Virgin Islands, Caribbean Sea. The new species has some morphological similarities with A. bouvieri A. Milne-Edwards and A. leviusculus Dana, but differs from these taxa by the strong mediodorsal carina reaching far beyond the mid-length of the carapace, several features on the chelipeds, and by the conspicuous colour pattern.
C1 Inst Smithsonian Res Trop, Panama City, Panama.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Naos Unit 0948, APO, AA 34002 USA.
RP Anker, A (reprint author), Inst Smithsonian Res Trop, Apartado 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama.
EM ankera@si.edu
NR 16
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU CAHIERS DE BIOLOGIE MARINE
PI ROSCOFF
PA STATION BIOLOGIQUE PLACE GEORGES TEISSIER, 29680 ROSCOFF, FRANCE
SN 0007-9723
J9 CAH BIOL MAR
JI Cah. Biol. Mar.
PY 2007
VL 48
IS 3
BP 241
EP 247
PG 7
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 218PW
UT WOS:000250028400003
ER
PT J
AU Acevedo-Rodriguez, P
AF Acevedo-Rodriguez, Pedro
TI The extant botanical collections and nomenclatural types of Agustin
Stahl, Puerto Rican botanist
SO CARIBBEAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Puerto Rico; Agustin Stahl; Clusia gundlachii
AB The extant original material that Agustin Stahl used for describing five new species in his Estudios sobre (para) la flora de Puerto Rico was studied. Lectotypes are designated for Hibiscus tomentosus Stahl, Marialva elliptica Stahl, Byrsonima portoricensis Stahl, and Clusia gundlachii Stahl. His known extant plant collections are cited in an appendix with reference to the herbaria where they are deposited.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Acevedo-Rodriguez, P (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM acevedop@si.edu
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV PUERTO RICO,
PI MAYAGUEZ
PA COLLEGE ARTS SCIENCES, MAYAGUEZ, PR 00680 USA
SN 0008-6452
J9 CARIBB J SCI
JI Caribb. J. Sci.
PY 2007
VL 43
IS 2
BP 189
EP 199
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA 246TR
UT WOS:000252030600004
ER
PT B
AU Saikia, DJ
Konar, C
Jamrozy, M
Machalski, J
Gupta, N
Stawarz, L
Mack, KH
Siemiginowska, A
AF Saikia, D. J.
Konar, C.
Jamrozy, M.
Machalski, J.
Gupta, Neeraj
Stawarz, L.
Mack, K. -H.
Siemiginowska, A.
BE Ho, LC
Wang, JM
TI Episodic activity in radio galaxies
SO CENTRAL ENGINE OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Central Engine of Active Galactic Nuclei
CY OCT 16-21, 2006
CL Xi an Jiaotong Univ, Xi an, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Xi an Jiaotong Univ
AB One of the interesting issues in our understanding of active galactic nuclei is the duration of their active phase and whether such activity is episodic. In this paper we summarize our recent results on episodic activity in radio galaxies obtained with the GMRT and the VLA.
C1 [Saikia, D. J.; Konar, C.; Gupta, Neeraj] TIFR, Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
[Jamrozy, M.; Machalski, J.; Stawarz, L.] Uniwersytet Jagiellonski, Krakow, Poland.
[Stawarz, L.] Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford, CA USA.
[Mack, K. -H.] INAF Inst Radioastron, Bologna, Italy.
[Siemiginowska, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MD USA.
RP Saikia, DJ (reprint author), TIFR, Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
RI Jamrozy, Marek/F-4507-2015
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-307-2
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 373
BP 217
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGZ17
UT WOS:000251450500057
ER
PT B
AU Schwartz, DA
AF Schwartz, Daniel A.
BE Ho, LC
Wang, JM
TI Quasar jets at large redshift
SO CENTRAL ENGINE OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Central Engine of Active Galactic Nuclei
CY OCT 16-21, 2006
CL Xi an Jiaotong Univ, Xi an, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Xi an Jiaotong Univ
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; EXTENDED RADIO JETS;
X-RAY JET; SCALE JETS; CHANDRA; GB-1508+5714
AB X-ray jets should become increasingly prominent relative to the radio jets and cores of quasars at redshifts greater than 1, due to the increase of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) energy density. We show here some of the predictions derived from the assumption that the X-ray emission is due to inverse Compton scattering on the CMB. While we do not yet have examples of such extreme, X-ray jet-dominated systems, the lack of complete, well-defined samples at large redshift prevents definite conclusions.
C1 [Schwartz, Daniel A.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Schwartz, DA (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-307-2
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 373
BP 261
EP 262
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGZ17
UT WOS:000251450500077
ER
PT B
AU Nicastro, F
Elvis, M
Brickhouse, N
AF Nicastro, Fabrizio
Elvis, Martin
Brickhouse, Nancy
BE Ho, LC
Wang, JM
TI Time-evolving photoionization: The thin and compact X-ray wind of NGC
4051
SO CENTRAL ENGINE OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Central Engine of Active Galactic Nuclei
CY OCT 16-21, 2006
CL Xi an Jiaotong Univ, Xi an, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Xi an Jiaotong Univ
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; XMM-NEWTON; VARIABILITY; ABSORPTION; GALAXIES;
QUASARS
AB We discuss the power of time-evolving photoionization as a diagnostic tool to measure the electron density of photoionized gas. We apply this technique to a XMM-Newton observation of the ionized absorber in the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 4051, and present the first measurements of the its volume density, its distance from the central ionizing source, and so its mass outflow rate. By extrapolating these measurements to high-luminosity, large-black hole mass quasars, we speculate that AGN winds can play important roles both in the AGN-host galaxy and AGN-IGM feedback processes.
C1 [Nicastro, Fabrizio; Elvis, Martin; Brickhouse, Nancy] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Nicastro, F (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
FU NASA [NNG05GK47G]
FX F.N. acknowledges support by NASA grant NNG05GK47G.
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-307-2
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 373
BP 301
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGZ17
UT WOS:000251450500086
ER
PT B
AU Lal, DV
Ho, LC
AF Lal, Dhararn Vir
Ho, Luis C.
BE Ho, LC
Wang, JM
TI The radio properties of type 2 quasars
SO CENTRAL ENGINE OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Central Engine of Active Galactic Nuclei
CY OCT 16-21, 2006
CL Xi an Jiaotong Univ, Xi an, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Xi an Jiaotong Univ
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES;
SEYFERT-GALAXIES; II QUASARS; EVOLUTION; SAMPLE; MODELS; LOUD
AB Quasars (of type 1) are the luminous analogs of type 1 Seyfert galaxies. Within the framework of unified models of active galaxies, the population of quasars of type 2 recently discovered with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey are the luminous analogs of type 2 Seyfert galaxies. Since our knowledge and understanding of the radio properties of these type 2 quasars are very limited, we have performed Very Large Array observations for a sub-sample of such sources. Our detection rate of 61% is consistent with the detection rate for other AGN samples. We do not find a correlation between radio and [O III] lambda 5007 luminosities for these sources. Although the distribution of spectral indices is similar to that of the 3C sources, the lack of dependence of radio luminosity on [O III] lambda 5007 luminosity suggests that not all sources in the sample are genuine AGNs.
C1 [Lal, Dhararn Vir] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
[Lal, Dhararn Vir] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Ho, Luis C.] Observ Carnegie Inst Sci, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA.
RP Lal, DV (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
NR 19
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-307-2
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 373
BP 479
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGZ17
UT WOS:000251450500121
ER
PT B
AU Grindlay, JE
AF Grindlay, Jonathan E.
BE Ho, LC
Wang, JM
TI AGN variability surveys: DASCH from BATSS to EXIST
SO CENTRAL ENGINE OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Central Engine of Active Galactic Nuclei
CY OCT 16-21, 2006
CL Xi an Jiaotong Univ, Xi an, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Xi an Jiaotong Univ
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI
AB Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are variable on a wide range of timescales, though relatively few systematic variability surveys have been conducted. Previous broad-band (both spectral and temporal) variability surveys of AGN are limited in their temporal and spectral bandwidth, despite their promise for probing the central engine and black hole mass. We outline optimal properties for variability studies and provide a brief summary of three new variability surveys, two (BATSS and DASCH) about to begin and the third (EXIST) possible within the next decade, which will open new windows on the physics and fundamental properties of AGN.
C1 [Grindlay, Jonathan E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Grindlay, JE (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 10
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-307-2
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 373
BP 711
EP 714
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGZ17
UT WOS:000251450500178
ER
PT J
AU Lin, J
AF Lin, Jun
TI Observational features of large-scale structures as revealed by the
catastrophe model of solar eruptions
SO CHINESE JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
DE sun : large-scale magnetic structures; sun : eruptive processes; sun :
theory and observations; magnetic reconnection and current sheets
ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; II RADIO-BURSTS; RECONNECTING CURRENT SHEETS;
MAGNETIC-FLUX TRANSPORT; RAY FLARE EMISSION; 2002 JULY 23; EMERGING
FLUX; ACTIVE REGIONS; QUIESCENT PROMINENCES; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION
AB Large-scale magnetic structures are the main carrier of major eruptions in the solar atmosphere. These structures are rooted in the photosphere and are driven by the unceasing motion of the photospheric material through a series of equilibrium configurations. The motion brings energy into the coronal magnetic field until the system ceases to be in equilibrium. The catastrophe theory for solar eruptions indicates that loss of mechanical equilibrium constitutes the main trigger mechanism of major eruptions, usually shown up as solar flares, eruptive prominences, and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Magnetic reconnection which takes place at the very beginning of the eruption as a result of plasma instabilities/turbulence inside the current sheet, converts magnetic energy into heating and kinetic energy that are responsible for solar flares, and for accelerating both plasma ejecta (flows and CMEs) and energetic particles. Various manifestations are thus related to one another, and the physics behind these relationships is catastrophe and magnetic reconnection. This work reports on recent progress in both theoretical research and observations on eruptive phenomena showing the above manifestations. We start by displaying the properties of large-scale structures in the corona and the related magnetic fields prior to an eruption, and show various morphological features of the disrupting magnetic fields. Then, in the framework of the catastrophe theory, we look into the physics behind those features investigated in a succession of previous works, and discuss the approaches they used.
C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan Observ, Natl Astron Observ, Kunming 650011, Peoples R China.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Lin, J (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan Observ, Natl Astron Observ, Kunming 650011, Peoples R China.
EM jlin@ynao.ac.cn
RI LIN, JUN/B-9890-2017
NR 178
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1009-9271
J9 CHINESE J ASTRON AST
JI Chin. J. Astron. Astrophys.
PY 2007
VL 7
IS 4
BP 457
EP 476
DI 10.1088/1009-9271/7/4/01
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 209CL
UT WOS:000249365900001
ER
PT J
AU Li, SP
Gu, QS
Zhao, YH
Huang, JS
Luo, XL
AF Sheng-Peng Li
Qiu-Sheng Gu
Ying-He Zhao
Jia-Sheng Huang
Xin-Lian Luo
TI A study of the star-forming dwarf galaxy NGC 855 with Spitzer
SO CHINESE JOURNAL OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : elliptical; galaxies : individual : NGC 855
ID ARRAY CAMERA IRAC; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; HUBBLE SEQUENCE; SPACE-TELESCOPE;
IONIZED-GAS; SKY SURVEY; H-ALPHA; PHOTOMETRY; EVOLUTION; FEATURES
AB We present a study of the dwarf elliptical galaxy NGC 855 using the narrow-band Ha and Spitzer data. Both the H alpha and Spitzer IRAC images confirm star-forming activity in the center of NGC 855. We obtained a star formation rate (SFR) of 0.022 and 0.025M(circle dot) yr(-1), respectively, from the Spitzer IRAC 8.0 mu m and MIPS 24 mu m emission data. The HI observation suggests that the star-forming activity might be triggered by a minor merger. We also find that there is a distinct IR emission region in 5.8 and 8.0 mu m bands, located at about 10 '' away from the nucleus of NGC 855. Given the strong 8.0 mu m but faint H alpha emission, we expect that it is a heavily obscured star-forming region, which needs to be confirmed by further optical spectroscopic observations.
C1 [Sheng-Peng Li; Qiu-Sheng Gu; Ying-He Zhao; Xin-Lian Luo] Nanjing Univ, Dept Astron, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China.
[Jia-Sheng Huang] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Li, SP (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Dept Astron, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China.
EM sandaoren@163.com
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU SCIENCE CHINA PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1009-9271
J9 CHINESE J ASTRON AST
JI Chin. J. Astron. Astrophys.
PY 2007
VL 7
IS 6
BP 764
EP 770
DI 10.1088/1009-9271/7/6/03
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 245MF
UT WOS:000251938500003
ER
PT J
AU Kradinov, V
Madenci, E
Ambur, DR
AF Kradinov, V.
Madenci, E.
Ambur, D. R.
TI Application of genetic algorithm for optimum design of bolted composite
lap joints
SO COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
LA English
DT Article
DE lap joints; bolt; optimization; composite; design variables
ID STACKING-SEQUENCE
AB The genetic algorithm (GA), a powerful optimization technique for multiple extrema functions in multidimensional search spaces, is applied in conjunction with stress analysis to achieve optimum designs of bolted composite lap joints. The objective of the optimization is to ensure the highest strength of the joint. In this study, the laminate thickness, laminate Jay-up, bolt location, bolt flexibility, and bolt size are considered as design variables. The contact stresses (bolt loads) are determined by a combined complex potential and variational formulation. In this formulation, the equilibrium equations are satisfied exactly and the boundary conditions are enforced by minimizing the total potential. The contact stresses as well as the contact region are determined through an iterative procedure as part of a solution method that accounts for the effects of finite geometry and by-pass loading. The fitness function for the GA optimization is based on the average stress failure criterion for predicting net-section, shear-out, and bearing failure modes in bolted lap joints. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Struct Anal & Design Grp, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Struct Div, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
RP Madenci, E (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM madenci@email.arizona.edu
NR 13
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0263-8223
J9 COMPOS STRUCT
JI Compos. Struct.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 77
IS 2
BP 148
EP 159
DI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2005.06.009
PG 12
WC Materials Science, Composites
SC Materials Science
GA 114FQ
UT WOS:000242652500002
ER
PT B
AU Lai, K
Huang, JS
Fazio, G
Cowie, LL
Hu, EM
Kakazu, Y
AF Lai, Kamson
Huang, Jia-Sheng
Fazio, Giovanni
Cowie, Lennox L.
Hu, Esther M.
Kakazu, Yuko
BE Metcalfe, N
Shanks, T
TI The stellar population of Ly alpha emitting galaxies at z similar to 5.7
SO COSMIC FRONTIERS
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Cosmic Frontiers
CY JUL 31-AUG 04, 2006
CL Durham Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, ENGLAND
HO Durham Univ, Dept Phys
ID Z-APPROXIMATE-TO-6; SPITZER
AB We present a study of three Ly alpha emitting galaxies at z similar to 5.7, selected via a narrow-band survey in the GOODS northern field. Using HST ACS and Spitzer IRAC data, we constrain the rest-frame UV-to-optical spectral energy distributions of the galaxies, and derive mass and age estimates based on stellar population synthesis modeling. A comparison of our narrow-band selected objects to other IRAC-detected z similar to 6 i'-dropout galaxies is also presented.
C1 [Lai, Kamson; Huang, Jia-Sheng; Fazio, Giovanni] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Lai, K (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Mail Stop 10,60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-320-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 379
BP 309
EP 311
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHJ45
UT WOS:000253562800062
ER
PT B
AU Tran, KVH
AF Tran, Kim-Vy H.
BE Metcalfe, N
Shanks, T
TI A keck spectroscopic study of MS 1054-03 (z=0.83): Forming the red
sequence
SO COSMIC FRONTIERS
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Cosmic Frontiers
CY JUL 31-AUG 04, 2006
CL Durham Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, ENGLAND
HO Durham Univ, Dept Phys
ID EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; COLOR-MAGNITUDE RELATION; CLUSTER GALAXIES; DISTANT
CLUSTERS; EVOLUTION; DISTRIBUTIONS; PHOTOMETRY; COMA; S0
AB Using a magnitude-limited, spectroscopic survey of the X-ray luminous galaxy cluster MS 1054-03, we isolate 153 cluster galaxies and measure MS1054's redshift and velocity dispersion to be z = 0.8307 +/- 0.0004 and sigma(z) = 1156 +/- 82 km s(-1). The absorption-line, post-starburst ("E+A"), and emission-line galaxies respectively make up 63 +/- 7%, 15 +/- 4%, and 23 +/- 4% of the cluster population. With photometry from HST/ACS, we find that the absorption-line members define an exceptionally tight red sequence over a span of similar to 3.5 magnitudes in i(775): their intrinsic scatter in (V-606-i(775)) color is only 0.048 +/- 0.008, corresponding to a (U-B)(z) scatter of 0.041. Their color scatter is comparable to that of the ellipticals (sigma(Vi) = 0.055 +/- 0.008), but measurably smaller than that of the combined E+S0 sample (sigma(Vi) = 0.072 +/- 0.010). The color scatter of MS1054's absorption-line population is approximately twice that of the ellipticals in Coma; this difference is consistent with passive evolution where most of the absorption-line members (> 75%) formed by z similar to 2, and all of them by z similar to 1.2.
C1 [Tran, Kim-Vy H.] Leiden Observ, NL-2333 CA Leiden, Netherlands.
[Tran, Kim-Vy H.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Tran, KVH (reprint author), Leiden Observ, Niels Bohrweg 2, NL-2333 CA Leiden, Netherlands.
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-320-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 379
BP 348
EP 349
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHJ45
UT WOS:000253562800079
ER
PT S
AU Erb, DK
AF Erb, D. K.
BE Emsellem, E
Wozniak, H
Massacrier, G
Gonzalez, JF
Devriendt, J
Champavert, N
TI Galaxy metallicities, masses and outflows at redshifts 1 less than or
similar to Z less than or similar to 3: An observational perspective
SO CRAL-2006 Chemodynamics: From First Stars to Local Galaxies
SE EAS PUBLICATIONS SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT CRAL International Conference on Chemodynamics - From First Stars to
Local Galaxies
CY JUL 10-14, 2006
CL Lyon, FRANCE
SP Ctr Astrophys Res Lyon
ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; FRAME OPTICAL-SPECTRA; LYMAN-BREAK GALAXIES;
DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION; STARBURST GALAXIES; ALPHA-SYSTEMS; MS 1512-CB58;
ABUNDANCES; Z-SIMILAR-TO-2; SPECTROSCOPY
AB I review the most widely used methods of determining chemical abundances in galaxies at 1 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 3, including emission and absorption line techniques (including a brief discussion of Damped Lyman Alpha systems). Most star-forming galaxies at these redshifts show significant enrichment, with similar to 1/3 solar to similar to solar metallicities. They are overluininous for their metallicities compared to local galaxies, and the mass-metallicity relation at z similar to 2 is offset to lower metallicities compared to the local relation. Metals are also seen in the IGM at these redshifts, most likely from galactic-scale outflows in the galaxies themselves.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Erb, DK (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU E D P SCIENCES
PI CEDEX A
PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 1633-4760
BN 978-2-7598-0013-1
J9 EAS PUBLICATIONS
PY 2007
VL 24
BP 191
EP 202
DI 10.1051/eas:2007027
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGJ36
UT WOS:000247414600025
ER
PT J
AU Tan, SW
Timm, GE
Amcoff, P
AF Tan, Shirlee W.
Timm, Gary E.
Amcoff, Patric
TI History and genesis of the detailed review of thyroid hormone disruption
assays
SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE assays; screens; tests; Organization for Economic Cooperation and
Development; (OECD); thyroid hormone disruption; United States
Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA)
AB This issue presents the detailed review paper (DRP) on thyroid hormone disruption assays that was prepared for the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) and that exists as an OECD monograph. However, this document is now available here in one issue of Critical Reviews in Toxicology as a series of published articles. The original document has been modified in several ways. First, an overview (now article 2) was added to discuss how new data and new directions for thyroid research will play an important role in shaping thyroid assays as they evolve. Second, each of the original chapters of the thyroid DRP have been separated into individual papers. The appendices of the original DRP were removed and will be merged and published separately.
C1 US EPA, Off Sci Coordinat & Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
Environm Directorate, Hlth & Safety Div, Org Econ Cooperat & Dev, Paris, France.
RP Tan, SW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Sci Coordinat & Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM tan.shirlee@epa.gov
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1040-8444
J9 CRIT REV TOXICOL
JI Crit. Rev. Toxicol.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 37
IS 1-2
BP 1
EP 4
DI 10.1080/10408440601120855
PG 4
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 138QK
UT WOS:000244377100001
PM 17364702
ER
PT J
AU Tan, SW
Zoeller, RT
AF Tan, Shirlee W.
Zoeller, R. Thomas
TI Integrating basic research on thyroid hormone action into screening and
testing programs for thyroid disruptors
SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE deiodinase; hormone transport; lodothyronine; monocarboxylate anion
transporter 8 (MCT8); thyroid hormones (TH); thyroid-stimulating hormone
(TSH); thyroxin (T-4); 3,3 ',5 '-triiodothyronine (T-3)
ID DOSE-RESPONSE; TRANSTHYRETIN; BINDING; TRANSPORTER; EVOLUTION;
CHEMICALS; RECEPTOR; RATS; MICE; AXIS
AB Thyroid hormone signaling is highly conserved among all the vertebrates, and appears to be present in some invertebrates. Both the components that comprise the system and its general role in development and physiology are evolutionarily conserved, although specific events regulated by thyroid hormones, such as amphibian metamorphosis, may differ among taxonomic groups. The articles in this issue review the thyroid systems of mammals (specifically humans and rodents), fish, amphibians, and birds, and the states of the assays and endpoints used to detect disruption of the thyroid system within a toxicological paradigm. It must be noted that while reptiles represent an enormously important group, they were excluded because there was not enough information in the literature on thyroid toxicology in reptiles at the time that this series of reviews was drafted. Each review highlights the best assays for current regulatory use and those that may be considered for development for future use and research. However, it is important to remember that thyroid research is moving ahead at a fast pace. New thyroid research will impact the design of future thyroid assays used for the detection of thyroid system disruption in ways that may not be anticipated at the time of this writing. Several new areas of exploration are discussed that reveal potential sites of disruption in the thyroid system, including (1) the importance of the neural drive for TSH upregulation, (2) thyroid hormone transport, including cellular transporters like monocarboxylate anion transporter 8 (MCT8) that can regulate thyroid hormone action at the cellular level, and thyroid hormone-binding proteins in the serum that have been shown to differentially bind to environmental chemicals (e.g., certain PCB congeners), and (3) the deiodinases as a target for disruption of thyroid hormone activity in the peripheral thyroid system. The review papers in this issue represent the current state of thyroid assays and endpoints for detection of chemicals that disrupt the thyroid system.
C1 US EPA, Off Sci Coordinat & Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Morrill Sci Ctr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Zoeller, RT (reprint author), US EPA, Off Sci Coordinat & Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM tzoeller@bio.umass.edu
NR 52
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 4
U2 22
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI LONDON
PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND
SN 1040-8444
EI 1547-6898
J9 CRIT REV TOXICOL
JI Crit. Rev. Toxicol.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 37
IS 1-2
BP 5
EP 10
DI 10.1080/10408440601123396
PG 6
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 138QK
UT WOS:000244377100002
PM 17364703
ER
PT J
AU Zoeller, RT
Tan, SW
Tyl, RW
AF Zoeller, R. Thomas
Tan, Shirlee W.
Tyl, Rochelle W.
TI General background on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis
SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE deiodinase; iodination/deiodination; hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid
(HPT) axis; T3 (triiodothyronine); T4 (tetraiodothyronine; thyroxine);
thyroid gland; thyroid hormone (TH); TRH (thyrotropin-releasing
hormone); TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone; thyrotropin); TH receptor
(TR) alpha/beta; thyroglobulin (Tg); thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG);
transthyretin (TTR)
ID THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; THYROXINE-BINDING GLOBULIN;
MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; MICROSOMAL-ENZYME INDUCERS;
LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASE INDUCERS; TRANSIENT
CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM; FOLLICULAR CELL-PROLIFERATION; FETAL-RAT
BRAIN; MEDIATED TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATION
AB This article reviews the thyroid system, mainly from a mammalian standpoint. However, the thyroid system is highly conserved among vertebrate species, so the general information on thyroid hormone production and feedback through the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis should be considered for all vertebrates, while species-specific differences are highlighted in the individual articles. This background article begins by outlining the HPT axis with its components and functions. For example, it describes the thyroid gland, its structure and development, how thyroid hormones are synthesized and regulated, the role of iodine in thyroid hormone synthesis, and finally how the thyroid hormones are released from the thyroid gland. It then progresses to detail areas within the thyroid system where disruption could occur or is already known to occur. It describes how thyroid hormone is transported in the serum and into the tissues on a cellular level, and how thyroid hormone is metabolized. There is an in-depth description of the alpha and beta thyroid hormone receptors and their functions, including how they are regulated, and what has been learned from the receptor knockout mouse models. The nongenomic actions of thyroid hormone are also described, such as in glucose uptake, mitochondrial effects, and its role in actin polymerization and vesicular recycling. The article discusses the concept of compensation within the HPT axis and how this fits into the paradigms that exist in thyroid toxicology/endocrinology. There is a section on thyroid hormone and its role in mammalian development: specifically, how it affects brain development when there is disruption to the maternal, the fetal, the newborn (congenital), or the infant thyroid system. Thyroid function during pregnancy is critical to normal development of the fetus, and several spontaneous mutant mouse lines are described that provide research tools to understand the mechanisms of thyroid hormone during mammalian brain development. Overall this article provides a basic understanding of the thyroid system and its components. The complexity of the thyroid system is clearly demonstrated, as are new areas of research on thyroid hormone physiology and thyroid hormone action developing within the field of thyroid endocrinology. This review provides the background necessary to review the current assays and endpoints described in the following articles for rodents, fishes, amphibians, and birds.
C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Morrill Sci Ctr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
US EPA, Off Sci Coordinat & Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RTI Int, Ctr Life Sci & Toxicol, DART, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Zoeller, RT (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Morrill Sci Ctr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM tan.shirlee@epa.gov
NR 464
TC 126
Z9 130
U1 13
U2 99
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI LONDON
PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND
SN 1040-8444
EI 1547-6898
J9 CRIT REV TOXICOL
JI Crit. Rev. Toxicol.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 37
IS 1-2
BP 11
EP 53
DI 10.1080/10408440601123446
PG 43
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 138QK
UT WOS:000244377100003
PM 17364704
ER
PT J
AU Zoeller, RT
Tyl, RW
Tan, SW
AF Zoeller, R. Thomas
Tyl, Rochelle W.
Tan, Shirlee W.
TI Current and potential rodent screens and tests for thyroid toxicants
SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE cerebellar development (proliferation, apoptosis, migration;
differentiation); in vitro screens; in vivo screens; regulatory screens
and tests; serum thyroid hormone (TH) levels; TH receptor binding and
activation; thyroid gland weight and histopathology;
thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH); thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH);
thyroid system toxicants
ID MICROSOMAL-ENZYME INDUCERS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; FETAL-RAT BRAIN;
FOLLICULAR CELL-PROLIFERATION; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS AROCLOR-1254;
UDP-GLUCURONOSYLTRANSFERASE INDUCERS; MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID;
HORMONE RECEPTOR ALPHA-1; IODIDE TRANSPORT DEFECT; IN-SITU DETECTION
AB This article reviews current rodent screens and tests to detect thyroid toxicants. Many points of disruption for thyroid toxicants are outlined and include: (a) changes in serum hormone level; (b) thyroperoxidase inhibitors; (c) the perchlorate discharge test; (d) inhibitors of iodide uptake; (e) effects on iodothyronine deiodinases; (f) effects on thyroid hormone action; and (g) role of binding proteins (e.g., rodent transthyretin). The major thyroid endpoints currently utilized in existing in vivo assay protocols of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), Japanese researchers, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) include thyroid gland weight, histopathology, circulating thyroid hormone measurements, and circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). These endpoints can be added into the existing in vivo assays for reproduction, development, and neurodevelopment that are outlined in this chapter. Strategic endpoints for possible addition to existing protocols to detect effects on developmental and adult thyroid endpoints are discussed. Many of these endpoints for detecting thyroid system disruption require development and additional research before they can be considered in existing assays. Examples of these endpoints under development include computer-assisted morphometry of the brain and evaluation of treatment-related changes in gene expression, thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and TSH challenge tests, and tests to evaluate thyroid hormone (TH)-dependent developmental events, especially in the rodent brain (e.g., measures of cerebellar and cortical proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, planimetric measures and gene expression, and oligodendrocyte differentiation). Finally, TH-responsive genes and proteins as well as enzyme activities are being explored. Existing in vitro tests are also reviewed, for example, thyroid hormone (TH) metabolism, receptor binding, and receptor activation assays, and their restrictions are described. The in vivo assays are currently the most appropriate for understanding the potential effects of a thyroid toxicant on the thyroid system. The benefits and potential limitations of the current in vivo assays are listed, and a discussion of the rodent thyroid system in the context of human health is touched upon. Finally, the importance of understanding the relationship between timing of exposure, duration of dose, and time of acquisition of the endpoints in interpreting the results of the in vivo assays is emphasized.
C1 Univ Massachusetts, Morrill Sci Ctr, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RTI Int, Dev & Reprod Toxicol DART Studies Ctr Life Sci &, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
US EPA, Off Sci Coordinat & Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
RP Zoeller, RT (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Morrill Sci Ctr, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM tzoeller@bio.umass.edu
NR 226
TC 20
Z9 22
U1 6
U2 17
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1040-8444
J9 CRIT REV TOXICOL
JI Crit. Rev. Toxicol.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 37
IS 1-2
BP 55
EP 95
DI 10.1080/10408440601123461
PG 41
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 138QK
UT WOS:000244377100004
PM 17364705
ER
PT J
AU Zoeller, RT
Tan, SW
AF Zoeller, R. Thomas
Tan, Shirlee W.
TI Implications of research on assays to characterize thyroid toxicants
SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE endocrine disruption; screening and testing; thyroid toxicity; thyroxine
ID XENOPUS-LAEVIS; DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE; MESSENGER-RNA; HORMONE;
METAMORPHOSIS; EXPRESSION; ONTOGENY; SYSTEM; RATS
AB Many aspects of thyroid endocrinology are very well conserved across vertebrate taxa. These aspects include thyroid hormone chemistry, the mechanism of its synthesis, and the proteins involved in these processes. In addition, the system by which the hormone is delived from the thyroid gland to target cells, including transport and regulation within the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis, and the proteins that regulate the different components of this delivery system appear to be highly conserved across the vertebrates. Finally, the receptors that mediate thyroid hormone action and the roles thyroid hormone plays are very similar among the vertebrates. Thus, the goal of this chapter is to provide a brief synopsis of the literature supporting existing screening and testing strategies in different vertebrate taxa, and to provide insight into the strengths, weaknesses, and likely changes over time. It was determined during this review that, because of the complexity of the thyroid system, it is unlikely that current in vitro assays for thyroid toxicity will be able to sufficiently replace in vivo assays for thyroid toxicants. However, the in vitro assays serve an important purpose in providing mode of action information and could provide potential screening tools, and should continue to be developed for use. Moreover, because in vivo assays are added on to preexisting reproductive or developmental screens and tests, there are no additional animals required for the in vivo assays. Specific in vitro assays were identified for development, including the thyroid receptor binding and activation assays, and in vitro assays to evaluate thyroid hormone action. Some in vivo endpoints suggested for further research included neuronal differentiation and migration, measures of histogenesis, and measures for thyroid gland thyroid hormone content, which may be more sensitive indicators of TSH stimulation. The most commonly used endpoints currently used to monitor thyroid function are thyroid hormone levels (T-3 and T-4), TSH, thyroid gland weight, and thyroid histology. Thyroid endocrinology is rapidly advancing and new discoveries will certainly warrant incorporation into future assays. The development of additional endpoints that measure thyroid hormone's actions peripheral to the HPT axis and the development of new reagents for nonmammalian vertebrate species will significantly improve the ability of today's assays to detect chemicals that disrupt the thyroid system in multiple vertebrate species. It is our hope that this series of thyroid articles will provide regulators and research scientists the information needed for each individual to identify the assays and endpoints most suited for their specific purposes.
C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Morrill Sci Ctr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
US EPA, Off Sci Coordinat & Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Zoeller, RT (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Morrill Sci Ctr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM tzoeller@bio.umass.edu; tan.shirlee@epa.gov
NR 22
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 9
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1040-8444
J9 CRIT REV TOXICOL
JI Crit. Rev. Toxicol.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 37
IS 1-2
BP 195
EP 210
DI 10.1080/10408440601123578
PG 16
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 138QK
UT WOS:000244377100008
PM 17364709
ER
PT J
AU Krupnik, I
Ray, GC
AF Krupnik, Igor
Ray, G. Carleton
TI Pacific walruses, indigenous hunters, and climate change: Bridging
scientific and indigenous knowledge
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT GLOBEC Symposium on Effects of Climate Variability on Sub-Arctic Marine
Ecosystems
CY MAY 16-20, 2005
CL Victoria, CANADA
DE Bering sea; climate change; indigenous knowledge; Odobenus rosmarus;
walrus
ID ODOBENUS-ROSMARUS; BERING-SEA; ICE; ALASKA; HARVEST; BAY; TEK
AB This paper presents and evaluates two perspectives on changing climate-walrus-human relationships in the Beringian region, from the viewpoints of marine biology and ecology, and from that of indigenous hunters. Bridging these types of knowledge is vital in order to grasp the complexity of the processes involved and for advancing understanding of subarctic marine ecosystems that are currently experiencing rapid ecological and social change. We argue that despite substantial gaps and distinctions, information generated by scientists and indigenous hunters have many similarities. Differences in interpretation are primarily due to scaling and temporal rates of change of knowledge, which could be rectified through more active sharing of expertise and records, enhanced documentation of indigenous observations, more collaborative research, and increased insight from the social sciences. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Krupnik, Igor] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Arctic Studies Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Ray, G. Carleton] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
RP Krupnik, I (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Arctic Studies Ctr, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM krupniki@si.edu; cr@virginia.edu
NR 58
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 22
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PY 2007
VL 54
IS 23-26
BP 2946
EP 2957
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2007.08.011
PG 12
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA 251PK
UT WOS:000252385500032
ER
PT S
AU Pearlman, M
Altamimi, Z
Beck, N
Forsberg, R
Gurtner, W
Kenyon, S
Behrend, D
Lemoine, FG
Ma, C
Noll, CE
Pavlis, EC
Malkin, Z
Moore, AW
Webb, FH
Neilan, RE
Ries, JC
Rothacher, M
Willis, P
AF Pearlman, M.
Altamimi, Z.
Beck, N.
Forsberg, R.
Gurtner, W.
Kenyon, S.
Behrend, D.
Lemoine, F. G.
Ma, C.
Noll, C. E.
Pavlis, E. C.
Malkin, Z.
Moore, A. W.
Webb, F. H.
Neilan, R. E.
Ries, J. C.
Rothacher, M.
Willis, P.
BE Tregoning, P
Rizos, C
TI GGOS working group on ground networks and communications
SO DYNAMIC PLANET: MONITORING AND UNDERSTANDING A DYNAMIC PLANET WITH
GEODETIC AND OCEANOGRAPHIC TOOLS
SE International Association of Geodesy Symposia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IAG Symposium on Dynamic Planet
CY AUG 22-26, 2005
CL Cairns, AUSTRALIA
SP IAG
DE GGOS; GEOSS; IAG; GPS; SLR; VLBI; DORIS; gravity; tides; geoid
ID REFERENCE FRAME; SERVICE; DORIS; SYSTEM; GPS
AB Properly designed and structured ground-based geodetic networks materialize the reference systems to support sub-mm global change measurements over space, time and evolving technologies. Over this past year, the Ground Networks and Communications Working Group (GN&C WG) has been organized under the Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS) to work with the IAG measurement services (the IGS, ILRS, IVS, IDS and IGFS) to develop a strategy for building, integrating, and maintaining the fundamental network of instruments and supporting infrastructure in a sustainable way to satisfy the long-term (10-20 year) requirements identified by the GGOS Science Council.
Activities of this Working Group include the investigation of the status quo and the development of a plan for full network integration to support improvements in terrestrial reference frame establishment and maintenance, Earth orientation and gravity field monitoring, precision orbit determination, and other geodetic and gravimetric applications required for the long-term observation of global change. This integration process includes the development of a network of fundamental stations with as many co-located techniques as possible, with precisely determined intersystem vectors. This network would exploit the strengths of each technique and minimize the weaknesses where possible.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Altamimi, Z.] Inst Geog Natl, F-77455 Marne la Vallee, France.
[Beck, N.] Natl Res Council Canada, Geodet Survey Div, Ottawa, ON K1A OE9, Canada.
[Forsberg, R.] Danish Natl Space Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
[Gurtner, W.] Univ Bern, Astron Inst, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
[Kenyon, S.] National Geospat Intelligence Agcy, Arnold, MO 63010 USA.
[Behrend, D.; Lemoine, F. G.; Ma, C.; Noll, C. E.; Pavlis, E. C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Malkin, Z.] Inst Appl Astron, St Petersburg 191187, Russia.
[Moore, A. W.; Webb, F. H.; Neilan, R. E.; Willis, P.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Ries, J. C.] Univ Texas Austin, Ctr Space Res, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Rothacher, M.] Geoforschungszentrum Potsdam, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
[Willis, P.] Inst Geog Natl, F-94160 St Mande, France.
RP Pearlman, M (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Willis, Pascal/A-8046-2008; Altamimi, Zuheir/A-4168-2009; Noll,
Carey/D-8884-2012; Symposia, IAG/K-2857-2012; Malkin, Zinovy/C-1560-2008
OI Willis, Pascal/0000-0002-3257-0679; Malkin, Zinovy/0000-0002-5583-8391
FU IAG services
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support of IAG services (IGS,
ILRS, IVS, IDS, IGFS, and IERS) and their participating organizations.
Part of this work was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration.
NR 14
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0939-9585
BN 978-3-540-49349-5
J9 IAG SYMP
PY 2007
VL 130
BP 719
EP +
PG 3
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography
GA BFY17
UT WOS:000245419400103
ER
PT S
AU Pearlman, M
Noll, C
Gurtner, W
Noomen, R
AF Pearlman, M.
Noll, C.
Gurtner, W.
Noomen, R.
BE Tregoning, P
Rizos, C
TI The International Laser Ranging Service and its support for GGOS
SO DYNAMIC PLANET: MONITORING AND UNDERSTANDING A DYNAMIC PLANET WITH
GEODETIC AND OCEANOGRAPHIC TOOLS
SE International Association of Geodesy Symposia
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT IAG Symposium on Dynamic Planet
CY AUG 22-26, 2005
CL Cairns, AUSTRALIA
SP IAG
DE space geodesy; satellite laser ranging (SLR); lunar laser ranging (LLR);
International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS); terrestrial reference frame;
GGOS
AB The International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS) was established in September 1998 as a service within the IAG to support programs in geodetic, geophysical, and lunar research activities and to provide data products to the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS) in support of its prime objectives. The ILRS develops the standards and specifications necessary for product consistency and the priorities and tracking strategies required to maximize network efficiency. This network consists of more than forty SLR stations, routinely tracking nearly thirty retroreflector-equipped satellites and the Moon in support of user needs. The Service collects, merges, analyzes, archives and distributes satellite and lunar laser ranging data to satisfy a variety of scientific, engineering, and operational needs and encourages the application of new technologies to enhance the quality, quantity, and cost effectiveness of its data products. The ILRS works with the global network to improve station performance, new satellite missions in the design and building of retroreflector targets to maximize data quality and quantity, and science programs to optimize scientific data yield. The ILRS Central Bureau maintains a comprehensive web site (http://ilrs.gsfc.nasa.gov) as the primary vehicle for the distribution of information within the ILRS community.
During the last few years, the ILRS has addressed very important challenges: (1) Data from the network stations are now submitted hourly and made available immediately through the data centers, (2) Tracking on low orbit satellites has been significantly improved through the sub-daily issuance of predictions, drag functions, and the real-time exchange of time biases, (3) Analysis products are now submitted in SINEX format for compatibility with the other space geodesy techniques, (4) The Analysis Working Group is now generating an operational station position and Earth Orientation Parameter (EOP) product, and (5) SLR has significantly increased its participation in the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) activity.
C1 [Pearlman, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Noll, C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Gurtner, W.] Univ Bern, Inst Astron, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
[Noomen, R.] Delft Univ Technol, NL-2600 AA Delft, Netherlands.
RP Pearlman, M (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Noll, Carey/D-8884-2012; Symposia, IAG/K-2857-2012
FU International Laser Ranging Service and its contributing organizations
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the support of the International
Laser Ranging Service and its contributing organizations.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0939-9585
BN 978-3-540-49349-5
J9 IAG SYMP
PY 2007
VL 130
BP 741
EP +
PG 2
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Oceanography
GA BFY17
UT WOS:000245419400106
ER
PT J
AU Jackson, JBC
AF Jackson, Jeremy B. C.
TI Economic incentives, social norms, and the crisis of fisheries
SO ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID MARINE PROTECTED AREAS; CORAL-REEF MANAGEMENT; PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA;
CONSERVATION; ECOSYSTEMS
AB This year's Kyoto prize signals the long overdue recognition of the fundamental interdependence of economic and ecologic systems for the protection and maintenance of ecosystem services and human well-being. Levin (2006) and Vincent (2007) point to several of the more important ways that interdisciplinary approaches will be essential to the better quantification and understanding of the economic contributions of ecosystem services, but they differ fundamentally in their relative faith in the evolution of new social norms versus economic incentives backed up by sanctions to achieve the necessary cooperation for environmental protection. In the case of marine fisheries, social norms have proven highly effective on small spatial scales but have not taken root in the face of increasingly global markets and free trade.
C1 Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Jackson, JBC (reprint author), Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM jbjackson@ucsd.edu
NR 24
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 19
PU SPRINGER TOKYO
PI TOKYO
PA 3-3-13, HONGO, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0033, JAPAN
SN 0912-3814
J9 ECOL RES
JI Ecol. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 22
IS 1
BP 16
EP 18
DI 10.1007/s11284-006-0075-z
PG 3
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 125SR
UT WOS:000243463300007
ER
PT J
AU Miriti, MN
Rodriguez-Buritica, S
Wright, SJ
Howe, HF
AF Miriti, Maria N.
Rodriguez-Buritica, Susana
Wright, S. Joseph
Howe, Henry F.
TI Episodic death across species of desert shrubs
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ambrosia dumosa; drought; episodic mortality; Larrea tridentate;
Tetracoccus hallii
ID CHRYSOTHAMNUS-NAUSEOSUS; RELATIVE IMPORTANCE; PLANT-COMMUNITIES;
MOJAVE-DESERT; FACILITATION; COMPETITION; DYNAMICS; ENVIRONMENTS;
ASSOCIATIONS; VARIABILITY
AB Extreme events shape population and community trajectories. We report episodic mortality across common species of thousands of long-lived perennials individually tagged and monitored for 20 years in the Colorado Desert of California following severe regional drought. Demographic records from 1984 to 2004 show 15 years of virtual stasis in populations of adult shrubs and cacti, punctuated by a 55-100% die-off of six of the seven most common perennial species. In this episode, adults that experienced reduced growth in a lesser drought during 1984-1989 failed to survive the drought of 2002. The significance of this event is potentially profound because population dynamics of long-lived plants can be far more strongly affected by deaths of adults, which in deserts potentially live for centuries, than by seedling births or deaths. Differential mortality and rates of recovery during and after extreme climatic events quite likely determine the species composition of plant and associated animal communities for at least decades. The die-off recorded in this closely monitored community provides a unique window into the mechanics of this process of species decline and replacement.
C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Miriti, MN (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, 318 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM miriti.1@osu.edu
RI Howe, Henry F/B-8749-2014; Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013
OI Howe, Henry F/0000-0001-5081-2128; Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676
NR 36
TC 59
Z9 62
U1 4
U2 27
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 88
IS 1
BP 32
EP 36
DI 10.1890/0012-9658(2007)88[32:EDASOD]2.0.CO;2
PG 5
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 156RZ
UT WOS:000245668300005
PM 17489450
ER
PT J
AU Ewers, RM
Thorpe, S
Didham, RK
AF Ewers, Robert M.
Thorpe, Stephen
Didham, Raphael K.
TI Synergistic interactions between edge and area effects in a heavily
fragmented landscape
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE area effects; Coleoptera; edge effects; habitat fragmentation; landscape
ecology; matrix habitat; New Zealand; scale; species-area relationship;
synergistic interactions
ID FOREST FRAGMENTATION; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; SPECIES RESPONSES; MODELS;
EXTINCTION; ASSEMBLAGE; ORDINATION; RICHNESS; BIRDS
AB Both area and edge effects have a strong influence on ecological processes in fragmented landscapes, but there is little understanding of how these two factors might interact to exacerbate local species declines. To test for synergistic interactions between area and edge effects, we sampled a diverse beetle community in a heavily fragmented landscape in New Zealand. More than 35 000 beetles of similar to 900 species were sampled over large gradients in habitat area ( 10(-2)-10(6) ha) and distance from patch edge ( 2(0)-2(10) m from the forest edge into both the forest and adjacent matrix). Using a new approach to partition variance following an ordination analysis, we found that a synergistic interaction between habitat area and distance to edge was a more important determinant of patterns in beetle community composition than direct edge or area effects alone. The strength of edge effects in beetle-species composition increased nonlinearly with increasing fragment area. One important consequence of the synergy is that the slopes of species-area ( SA) curves constructed from habitat islands depend sensitively on the distance from edge at which sampling is conducted. Surprisingly, we found negative SA curves for communities sampled at intermediate distances from habitat edges, caused by differential edge responses of matrix- vs. forest-specialist species in fragments of increasing area. Our data indicate that distance to habitat edge has a consistently greater impact on beetle community composition than habitat area and that variation in the strength of edge effects may underlie many patterns that are superficially related to habitat area.
C1 Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Christchurch 1, New Zealand.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
Auckland Museum, Dept Entomol, Auckland, New Zealand.
RP Didham, RK (reprint author), Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 1, New Zealand.
EM raphael.didham@canterbury.ac.nz
RI Didham, Raphael/B-5953-2011
NR 35
TC 114
Z9 118
U1 3
U2 69
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 88
IS 1
BP 96
EP 106
DI 10.1890/0012-9658(2007)88[96:SIBEAA]2.0.CO;2
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 156RZ
UT WOS:000245668300013
PM 17489458
ER
PT J
AU Melbourne, BA
Cornell, HV
Davies, KF
Dugaw, CJ
Elmendorf, S
Freestone, AL
Hall, RJ
Harrison, S
Hastings, A
Holland, M
Holyoak, M
Lambrinos, J
Moore, K
Yokomizo, H
AF Melbourne, Brett A.
Cornell, Howard V.
Davies, Kendi F.
Dugaw, Christopher J.
Elmendorf, Sarah
Freestone, Amy L.
Hall, Richard J.
Harrison, Susan
Hastings, Alan
Holland, Matt
Holyoak, Marcel
Lambrinos, John
Moore, Kara
Yokomizo, Hiroyuki
TI Invasion in a heterogeneous world: resistance, coexistence or hostile
takeover?
SO ECOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Review
DE community ecology; environmental heterogeneity hypothesis; impact;
invader-driven heterogeneity; invasibility; spatial heterogeneity;
spatial spread; temporal heterogeneity
ID BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY;
COMPETITIVE COEXISTENCE; ENVIRONMENTAL HETEROGENEITY; CALIFORNIA
GRASSLAND; DISTURBANCE REGIMES; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; PLANT-COMMUNITIES;
MARINE ECOSYSTEM
AB We review and synthesize recent developments in the study of the invasion of communities in heterogeneous environments, considering both the invasibility of the community and impacts to the community. We consider both empirical and theoretical studies. For each of three major kinds of environmental heterogeneity (temporal, spatial and invader-driven), we find evidence that heterogeneity is critical to the invasibility of the community, the rate of spread, and the impacts on the community following invasion. We propose an environmental heterogeneity hypothesis of invasions, whereby heterogeneity both increases invasion success and reduces the impact to native species in the community, because it promotes invasion and coexistence mechanisms that are not possible in homogeneous environments. This hypothesis could help to explain recent findings that diversity is often increased as a result of biological invasions. It could also explain the scale dependence of the diversity-invasibility relationship. Despite the undoubted importance of heterogeneity to the invasion of communities, it has been studied remarkably little and new research is needed that simultaneously considers invasion, environmental heterogeneity and community characteristics. As a young field, there is an unrivalled opportunity for theoreticians and experimenters to work together to build a tractable theory informed by data.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Humboldt State Univ, Dept Math, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
Univ Paris 11, Lab Ecol Systemat & Evolut, F-91405 Orsay, France.
Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
Yokohama Natl Univ, Fac Environm & Informat Sci, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2408501, Japan.
RP Melbourne, BA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM bamelbourne@ucdavis.edu
RI Hastings, Alan/A-7423-2008; Holyoak, Marcel/C-3475-2009; Yokomizo,
Hiroyuki/A-4276-2011; Hall, Richard/A-3931-2013;
OI Yokomizo, Hiroyuki/0000-0001-9814-8465; Holyoak,
Marcel/0000-0001-9727-3627
NR 87
TC 183
Z9 188
U1 15
U2 142
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1461-023X
J9 ECOL LETT
JI Ecol. Lett.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 10
IS 1
BP 77
EP 94
DI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00987.x
PG 18
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 117WI
UT WOS:000242903600008
PM 17204119
ER
PT J
AU Potts, R
AF Potts, Richard
TI Paleoclimate and human evolution
SO EVOLUTIONARY ANTHROPOLOGY
LA English
DT News Item
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Human Origins Program, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Potts, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Human Origins Program, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM pottsr@si.edu
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 5
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1060-1538
J9 EVOL ANTHROPOL
JI Evol. Anthropol.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 16
IS 1
BP 1
EP 3
DI 10.1002/evan.20121
PG 3
WC Anthropology
SC Anthropology
GA 142NB
UT WOS:000244655500001
ER
PT B
AU Beck, R
Gaensler, B
Feretti, L
AF Beck, R.
Gaensler, B.
Feretti, L.
BE Lobanov, AP
Zensus, JA
Cesarsky, C
Diamond, PJ
TI SKA and the magnetic universe
SO EXPLORING THE COSMIC FRONTIER: ASTROPHYSICAL INSTRUMENTS FOR THE 21ST
CENTURY
SE ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Symposium on Exploring the Cosmic Frontier - Astrophysical
Instruments for the 21st Century
CY MAY 18-21, 2004
CL Berlin, GERMANY
SP Max Planck Inst Radioastronomie, Int SKA Steering Comm, European So Observ, Max Planck Soc, European Space Agcy, EU Consortia RadioNet & Opticon
ID FARADAY-ROTATION; FIELDS; GALAXIES; POLARIZATION
AB The Square Kilometer Array (SKA) can deliver new data which will directly address currently unanswered issues concerning the origin and evolution of Cosmic magnetism. An all-sky survey of Faraday rotation measures towards > 10(7) background sources will provide a dense grid for probing magnetism in the Milky Way, nearby galaxies, distant galaxies, clusters and in protogalaxies. Using these data, we can map out the evolution of magnetised structures from redshifts z > 3 to the present, can distinguish between different origins for seed magnetic fields in galaxies, and call develop a detailed model of the magnetic field geometry of the overall Universe.
C1 [Beck, R.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Berlin, Germany.
[Gaensler, B.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Feretti, L.] CNR, Istituto Radioastron, INAF, Bologna 40129, Italy.
RP Beck, R (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Berlin, Germany.
EM rbeck@mpifr-bonn.mpg.de
RI Gaensler, Bryan/F-8655-2010;
OI Feretti, Luigina/0000-0003-0312-6285; Gaensler,
Bryan/0000-0002-3382-9558
NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-39755-7
J9 ESO ASTROPHY SYMP
PY 2007
BP 103
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-39756-4_30
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BFS92
UT WOS:000244446300030
ER
PT S
AU Slane, P
AF Slane, Patrick
BE Ritz, S
Michelson, P
Meegan, C
TI Supernova remnants and GLAST
SO First GLAST Symposium
SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st GLAST Symposium
CY FEB 05-08, 2007
CL Stanford, CA
SP US DOE, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst, Gen Dynam Adv Informat Syst, NASA, GLAST Project, Goddard Space Flight Ctr
DE GLAST; supernova remnants
ID X-RAY-EMISSION; CHANDRA; SHOCK; ACCELERATION; G347.3-0.5
AB It has long been speculated that supernova remnants represent a major source of cosmic rays in the Galaxy. Observations over the past decade have ceremoniously unveiled direct evidence of particle acceleration in SNRs to energies approaching the knee of the cosmic ray spectrum. Nonthermal X-ray emission from shell-type SNRs reveals multi-TeV electrons, and the dynamical properties of several SNRs point to efficient acceleration of ions. Observations of TeV gammaray emission have confirmed the presence of energetic particles in several remnants as well, but there remains considerable debate as to whether this emission originates with high energy electrons or ions. Equally uncertain are the exact conditions that lead to efficient particle acceleration.
Based on the catalog of EGRET sources, we know that there is a large population of Galactic gamma-ray sources whose distribution is similar to that of SNRs. With the increased resolution and sensitivity of GLAST, the gamma-ray SNRs from this population will be identified. Their detailed emission structure, along with their spectra, will provide the link between their environments and their spectra in other wavebands to constrain emission models and to potentially identify direct evidence of ion acceleration in SNRs. Here I summarize recent observational and theoretical work in the area of cosmic ray acceleration by SNRs, and discuss the contributions GLAST will bring to our understanding of this problem.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Slane, P (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0431-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 921
BP 57
EP 61
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGN18
UT WOS:000248569700013
ER
PT S
AU Grindlay, JE
AF Grindlay, Jonathan E.
CA EXIST Team
BE Ritz, S
Michelson, P
Meegan, C
TI Jets, blazars and the EBL in the GLAST-EXIST era
SO First GLAST Symposium
SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st GLAST Symposium
CY FEB 05-08, 2007
CL Stanford, CA
SP US DOE, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst, Gen Dynam Adv Informat Syst, NASA, GLAST Project, Goddard Space Flight Ctr
DE active galaxies; blazers; jets; cosmic IR background; synchrotron-self
Compton emission
ID X-RAY
AB The synergy of GLAST and the proposed EXIST mission as the Black Hole Finder Probe in the Beyond Einstein Program is remarkable. With its full-sky per orbit hard X-ray imaging (3-600 keV) and "nuFnu" sensitivity comparable to GLAST, EXIST could measure variability and spectra of Blazars in the hard X-ray synchrotron component simultaneous with GLAST (similar to 10-10GeV) measures of the inverse Compton component thereby uniquely constraining intrinsic source spectra and allowing measured high energy spectral breaks to measure the cosmic diffuse extra-galactic background light (EBL) by determining the intervening diffuse IR photon field required to yield the observed break from photon-photon absorption. Such studies also constrain the physics of jets (and parameters and indeed the validity of SSC models) and the origin of the > 100 MeV gamma-ray diffuse background likely arising from Blazars and jet-dominated sources. An overview of the EXIST mission, which could fly in the GLAST era, is given together with a synopsis of other key synergies of GLAST-EXIST science.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Grindlay, JE (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0431-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 921
BP 211
EP 213
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGN18
UT WOS:000248569700049
ER
PT S
AU Kildea, J
AF Kildea, J.
CA Whipple 10 m Telescopes Blazar Mon
BE Ritz, S
Michelson, P
Meegan, C
TI Blazar monitoring with the Whipple 10 m gamma-ray telescope
SO First GLAST Symposium
SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st GLAST Symposium
CY FEB 05-08, 2007
CL Stanford, CA
SP US DOE, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst, Gen Dynam Adv Informat Syst, NASA, GLAST Project, Goddard Space Flight Ctr
DE AGN; Whipple blazar monitoring; atmospheric Cherenkov technique
AB Since September 2005, the Whipple 10 m Gamma-ray Telescope has been used primarily to monitor known TeV AGN. The five Northern Hemisphere blazars that have been previously detected at Whipple, Markarian 421, H1426+428, Markarian 501, HIS 1959+650 and 1ES 2344+514, are monitored each night that they are visible. To encourage and coordinate observations of these AGN at other wavelengths, the observing timetable and preliminary light curves for the TeV observations are provided on a publicly accessible website: veritas.sao.arizona.edu/content/blogsection/6/40. A number of multiwavelength observing campaigns have been undertaken by numerous collaborators in conjunction with the Whipple program and a significant amount of data has been accumulated. We report here on the status of these multiwavelength observations and present light curves of radio, optical, X-ray and gamma-ray data.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
RP Kildea, J (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0431-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 921
BP 339
EP 340
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGN18
UT WOS:000248569700087
ER
PT S
AU Butt, YM
Combi, JA
Drake, J
Finley, JP
Konopelko, A
Lister, M
Rodriguez, J
Shepherd, D
AF Butt, Y. M.
Combi, J. A.
Drake, J.
Finley, J. P.
Konopelko, A.
Lister, M.
Rodriguez, J.
Shepherd, D.
BE Ritz, S
Michelson, P
Meegan, C
TI An extended radio counterpart of TeV J2032+4130?
SO FIRST GLAST SYMPOSIUM
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st GLAST Symposium
CY FEB 05-08, 2007
CL Stanford, CA
SP US DOE, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst, Gen Dynam Adv Informat Syst, NASA, GLAST Project, Goddard Space Flight Ctr
ID GAMMA-RAY SOURCE; TEV SOURCE; FOLLOW-UP
AB We carried out a 5-pointing mosaic observation of TeV J2032+4130 at 1.4 and 4.8 GHZ with the VLA in April of 2003. The analysis of the 4.8GHz data indicate weak wispy shell-like radio structure(s) which are at least partially non-thermal. The radio data is compatible with one or more young supernova remnants or perhaps the signature of large-scale cluster shocks in this region induced by the violent action of the many massive stars in Cyg OB2.
C1 [Butt, Y. M.; Drake, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Combi, J. A.] Univ Jaen, Dept Fis, E-23071 Jaen, Spain.
[Finley, J. P.; Konopelko, A.; Lister, M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Rodriguez, J.] CEA Saclay, DSM DAPNIA, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Shepherd, D.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
RP Butt, YM (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
OI Rodriguez, Jerome/0000-0002-4151-4468
FU panish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia and Universidad de Jaen; DGI
of the Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia [AYA2004-07171-C02-02];
FEDER [FQM322.]
FX JAC is a researcher of the program Ramon y Cajal funded jointly by the
Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia and Universidad de Jaen. J.
C. also acknowledges support by DGI of the Spanish Ministerio de
Educacion y Ciencia under grants AYA2004-07171-C02-02 and FEDER funds
and Plan Andaluz de Investigacion of Junta de Andalucia as research
group FQM322.
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0431-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 921
BP 429
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGN18
UT WOS:000248569700132
ER
PT S
AU Perkins, JS
AF Perkins, J. S.
CA VERITAS collaboration
BE Ritz, S
Michelson, P
Meegan, C
TI Control, monitoring and analysis software for the VERITAS array
SO First GLAST Symposium
SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st GLAST Symposium
CY FEB 05-08, 2007
CL Stanford, CA
SP US DOE, Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst, Gen Dynam Adv Informat Syst, NASA, GLAST Project, Goddard Space Flight Ctr
DE VERITAS; gamma-ray astophysics; data acquisition; software
AB VERITAS is an array of four 12 m diameter Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes located in southern Arizona operating since January 2007. In this contribution we discuss the various software systems needed to operate the array including the data acquisition, online analysis, real time hardware monitoring and offline analysis.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
RP Perkins, JS (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA.
NR 10
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0431-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 921
BP 564
EP 565
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGN18
UT WOS:000248569700199
ER
PT S
AU Marvin, UB
AF Marvin, U. B.
BE Jackson, PNW
TI Theodore Andre Monod and the lost Fer de Dieu meteorite of Chinguetti,
Mauritania
SO FOUR CENTURIES OF GEOLOGICAL TRAVEL: THE SEARCH FOR KNOWLEDGE ON FOOT,
BICYCLE, SLEDGE AND CAMEL
SE Geological Society Special Publication
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID CRATER; AGE
AB Theodore Monod (1902-2000), of the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, was a natural scientist with an extraordinarily wide range of interests and expertise. His early researches were chiefly in marine zoology, which he continued to pursue throughout his career. However, in 1923 he began to work in the Sahara Desert and travelled through it for thousands of kilometres on foot and camel-back collecting samples for the museum and keeping detailed journals of the geology, palaeontology, flora, fauna, prehistoric artefacts, and the customs and cultures of the peoples he met. Monod published nearly 700 technical articles in scientific journals and numerous books for general readers. He won innumerable honours in France and internationally, but only one of his books, few of his articles, and no biographical accounts of Monod's activities have been published in English. This paper focuses on his search for the Fer de Dieu, an iron meteorite said to be 40 metres high and 100 metres long, lying in the desert of Mauritania. He found no trace of it, but the meteorite remains legendary in the history of meteoritics.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Marvin, UB (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM umarvin@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 32
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC PUBLISHING HOUSE
PI BATH
PA UNIT 7, BRASSMILL ENTERPRISE CTR, BRASSMILL LANE, BATH BA1 3JN, AVON,
ENGLAND
SN 0305-8719
BN 978-1-86239-234-2
J9 GEOL SOC SPEC PUBL
JI Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ.
PY 2007
VL 287
BP 191
EP 205
DI 10.1144/SP287.16
PG 15
WC Geology; History & Philosophy Of Science
SC Geology; History & Philosophy of Science
GA BKH19
UT WOS:000268071400016
ER
PT B
AU Riechers, DA
Walter, F
Carilli, CL
Knudsen, KK
Lo, KY
Benford, DJ
Staguhn, JG
Hunter, TR
Bertoldi, F
Henkel, C
Menten, KM
Weiss, A
Yun, MS
Scoville, NZ
AF Riechers, D. A.
Walter, F.
Carilli, C. L.
Knudsen, K. K.
Lo, K. Y.
Benford, D. J.
Staguhn, J. G.
Hunter, T. R.
Bertoldi, F.
Henkel, C.
Menten, K. M.
Weiss, A.
Yun, M. S.
Scoville, N. Z.
BE Baker, AJ
Glenn, J
Harris, AI
Mangum, JG
Yun, MS
TI CO(1-0) emission from quasar host galaxies beyond redshift 4
SO FROM Z-MACHINES TO ALMA: (SUB) MILLIMETER SPECTROSCOPY OF GALAXIES
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on From Z-Machines to ALMA - (SUB) Millimeter Spectroscopy of
Galaxies
CY JAN 12-14, 2006
CL Natl Radio Astron Observ, N Amer ALMA Sci Ctr, Charlottesville, VA
HO Natl Radio Astron Observ, N Amer ALMA Sci Ctr
ID MOLECULAR GAS; RADIO GALAXY; CO; Z=6.42; LINES; DUST
AB Molecular gas has now been detected in 15 z > 2 QSOs through observations of high-J CO transitions using millimeter interferometers. Observations of the GO ground-state transition CO(1-0), however, have the potential to trace the molecular gas at lower excitations, which may give a better estimate of the total molecular gas content of high-z QSOs. Here we present the first z > 4 CO(1-0) observations obtained with the NRAO Green Bank Telescope (GBT) and the MPIfR Effelsberg telescope. Utilizing the K band receivers of these two 100m radio telescopes, we detect the CO(1-0) transition in the high-redshift QSOs BR1202-0725 (z = 4.7)7 PSSJ2322+1944 (z = 4.1) and APM08279+5255 (z = 3.9). From LVG models based on our observations out to z = 4.7, we derive that the GO emission from all observed transitions can be described by a single gas component, and that all molecular gas appears to be concentrated in a compact nuclear region. The spectral capabilities of the GBT (1 x 200 MHz in high-resolution mode, 2 x 800 MHz in high-bandwidth mode) allow us to cover velocity ranges of up to 22, 000 km s-1, or Delta z/z = 0.09 at z = 4, which will be imperative for future high-z studies in galaxies with known strong dust continuum but poorly constrained redshift. This is a first step towards observations with future z-machines.
C1 [Riechers, D. A.; Walter, F.; Knudsen, K. K.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
[Carilli, C. L.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
[Lo, K. Y.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[Benford, D. J.; Staguhn, J. G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Lab Observ Cosmol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Hunter, T. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 01238 USA.
[Bertoldi, F.] Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
[Henkel, C.; Menten, K. M.; Weiss, A.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
[Yun, M. S.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Scoville, N. Z.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Riechers, DA (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
RI Benford, Dominic/D-4760-2012
OI Benford, Dominic/0000-0002-9884-4206
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [1177]; Max-Planck-Forschungspreis
FX D. A. R. acknowledges support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
(DFG) Priority Programme 1177. C. C. would like to acknowledge support
from the Max-Planck-Forschungspreis
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-311-9
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 375
BP 148
EP +
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGU76
UT WOS:000250716200017
ER
PT B
AU Gurwell, MA
Peck, AB
Hostler, SR
Darrah, MR
Katz, CA
AF Gurwell, M. A.
Peck, A. B.
Hostler, S. R.
Darrah, M. R.
Katz, C. A.
CA The SMA Team
BE Baker, AJ
Glenn, J
Harris, AI
Mangum, JG
Yun, MS
TI Monitoring phase calibrators at submillimeter wavelengths
SO From Z-Machines to Alma: (SUB) Millimeter Spectroscopy of Galaxies
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on From Z-Machines to ALMA - (SUB) Millimeter Spectroscopy of
Galaxies
CY JAN 12-14, 2006
CL Natl Radio Astron Observ, N Amer ALMA Sci Ctr, Charlottesville, VA
HO Natl Radio Astron Observ, N Amer ALMA Sci Ctr
AB One of the biggest challenges facing submillimeter wavelength interferometry is correcting for short timescale atmospheric phase fluctuations during the observations. Quasars sufficiently bright to use as calibrators for current submillimeter facilities are scarce, particularly at frequencies higher than 300 GHz. We present results of an ongoing monitoring program to determine the fluxes and variability of quasars at 230 and 345 GHz. The data are being collected at the Submillimeter Array (SMA) on Mauna Kea and reduced using MIR data reduction software.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Gurwell, MA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 1
TC 46
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-311-9
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 375
BP 234
EP 237
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGU76
UT WOS:000250716200029
ER
PT B
AU Iono, D
Yun, MS
Elvis, M
Peck, AB
Ho, PTP
Wilner, DJ
Hunter, TR
Matsushita, S
Muller, S
AF Iono, Daisuke
Yun, Min S.
Elvis, Martin
Peck, Alison B.
Ho, Paul T. P.
Wilner, David J.
Hunter, Todd R.
Matsushita, Satoki
Muller, Sebastien
BE Baker, AJ
Glenn, J
Harris, AI
Mangum, JG
Yun, MS
TI A tentative detection of [C II] line emission in the z=4.7 QSO
BR1202-0725
SO From Z-Machines to Alma: (SUB) Millimeter Spectroscopy of Galaxies
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on From Z-Machines to ALMA - (SUB) Millimeter Spectroscopy of
Galaxies
CY JAN 12-14, 2006
CL Natl Radio Astron Observ, N Amer ALMA Sci Ctr, Charlottesville, VA
HO Natl Radio Astron Observ, N Amer ALMA Sci Ctr
ID ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; HIGH-REDSHIFT; MOLECULAR GAS; QUASAR;
DUST; DEFICIT
AB Our new SMA similar to 3 '' resolution 900 pm image of the z = 4.7 QSO BR1202-0725 shows two submillimeter continuum components, consistent with previously published nun images. We further tentatively detect the redshifted [CII] line emission from the northern component BR1202N. The derived [CII]-to-FIR luminosity ratio (0.03%) is comparable to the ratios found in local ULIRGs. In addition, by analyzing archival Chandra data, we detect X-ray emission in both submm components. We conclude that BR1202-0725 is likely a pair of AGN host galaxies at z = 4.7, with both galaxies forming stars at exceedingly high rates.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Iono, D (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
OI /0000-0002-9931-1313
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-311-9
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 375
BP 246
EP 249
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGU76
UT WOS:000250716200032
ER
PT B
AU Krips, M
Neri, R
Eckart, A
Barvainis, R
Peck, A
Downes, D
Planesas, P
Martin-Pintado, J
Iono, D
Petitpas, G
AF Krips, M.
Neri, R.
Eckart, A.
Barvainis, R.
Peck, A.
Downes, D.
Planesas, P.
Martin-Pintado, J.
Iono, D.
Petitpas, G.
BE Baker, AJ
Glenn, J
Harris, AI
Mangum, JG
Yun, MS
TI Differential lensing effects in high-z sources: Constraining the size
and shape of the emitting regions
SO FROM Z-MACHINES TO ALMA: (SUB) MILLIMETER SPECTROSCOPY OF GALAXIES
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on From Z-Machines to ALMA - (SUB) Millimeter Spectroscopy of
Galaxies
CY JAN 12-14, 2006
CL Natl Radio Astron Observ, N Amer ALMA Sci Ctr, Charlottesville, VA
HO Natl Radio Astron Observ, N Amer ALMA Sci Ctr
ID APM 08279+5255; Q0957+561; GALAXY
AB One of the greatest obstacles in determining the physical parameters of galaxies in the early universe is our inability to accurately constrain the sizes of the sources detected. Current cutting-edge mm/submm interferometers such as the Submillimeter Array (SMA) and the Plateau de Bure Interferometer (PdBI) yield angular resolutions of about 1 ''. which is in most cases not sufficient to resolve the observed emission at high z. However, if the high-redshift source is gravitationally lensed by an intervening galaxy, the angular resolution can be improved by up to two orders of magnitude, as demonstrated in the case of the Cloverleaf galaxy. Light from extended regions is deflected in a different way than light from compact structures, so that, the lensed images set tight constraints on their true sizes and shapes. We will discuss the use of such differential lensing effects for three gravitationally lensed high-redshift quasars: Q0957+561 (z = 1.41) SBS1520+530 (z = 1.86), and APM08279+5255 (z = 3.9). We have recently detected molecular gas emission traced by CO in the first two sources, doubling the number of CO detections in this mostly unexplored redshift range of z = 1 - 2. We will be able to use this technique as well to place even tighter constraints on the size of the dust emission in APM08279+5255, using the new very extended configurations of the SMA and PdBI with their angular resolutions of 0.3 '' - 0.4 ''.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RP Krips, M (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Submillimeter Array,645 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RI Planesas, Pere/G-7950-2015; Martin-Pintado, Jesus/H-6107-2015
OI Planesas, Pere/0000-0002-7808-3040; Martin-Pintado,
Jesus/0000-0003-4561-3508
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-311-9
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 375
BP 250
EP 254
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGU76
UT WOS:000250716200033
ER
PT B
AU Peck, AB
Iono, D
Petitpas, GR
Pope, A
Borys, C
Dunlop, JS
Krips, M
Wilner, DJ
AF Peck, A. B.
Iono, D.
Petitpas, G. R.
Pope, A.
Borys, C.
Dunlop, J. S.
Krips, M.
Wilner, D. J.
BE Baker, AJ
Glenn, J
Harris, AI
Mangum, JG
Yun, MS
TI Astrometric Imaging of high-redshift galaxies at 345 GHz
SO From Z-Machines to Alma: (SUB) Millimeter Spectroscopy of Galaxies
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on From Z-Machines to ALMA - (SUB) Millimeter Spectroscopy of
Galaxies
CY JAN 12-14, 2006
CL Natl Radio Astron Observ, N Amer ALMA Sci Ctr, Charlottesville, VA
HO Natl Radio Astron Observ, N Amer ALMA Sci Ctr
ID SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES
AB Recent single-dish submillimeter wavelength surveys have revolutionized observational cosmology by uncovering a substantial new population of dust-enshrouded starburst galaxies at high redshift. A tremendous amount can be learned about the star formation history of the universe by comparing the characteristics of these early sources at a range of wavelengths, from radio to X-ray. Unfortunately, the positions of these sources are not well enough determined in the parent surveys to justify devoting large amounts of time using higher-resolution instruments without first performing high-precision astrometry. The Submillimeter Array on Mauna Kea is now the ideal instrument for this, as it can observe at the same frequency as the original survey but with substaiitially better angular resolution, yielding astrometric accuracies of similar to 100 mas. We present images of the distant galaxies detected to date using the Subinillimeter Array at 345 GHz.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RP Peck, AB (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Submillimeter Array,645 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-311-9
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 375
BP 263
EP 266
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGU76
UT WOS:000250716200036
ER
PT B
AU Petitpas, G
Iono, D
Peck, A
Wilson, C
Matsushita, S
Sakamoto, K
Wang, J
Ho, P
Zhang, Q
Rots, A
Wang, Z
Yun, M
Surace, J
AF Petitpas, G.
Iono, D.
Peck, A.
Wilson, C.
Matsushita, S.
Sakamoto, K.
Wang, J.
Ho, P.
Zhang, Q.
Rots, A.
Wang, Z.
Yun, M.
Surace, J.
BE Baker, AJ
Glenn, J
Harris, AI
Mangum, JG
Yun, MS
TI SMA CO J=3-2 Observations of the Antennae (NGC 4038/39)
SO From Z-Machines to Alma: (SUB) Millimeter Spectroscopy of Galaxies
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on From Z-Machines to ALMA - (SUB) Millimeter Spectroscopy of
Galaxies
CY JAN 12-14, 2006
CL Natl Radio Astron Observ, N Amer ALMA Sci Ctr, Charlottesville, VA
HO Natl Radio Astron Observ, N Amer ALMA Sci Ctr
ID MOLECULAR GAS; STAR-CLUSTERS; HIGH-REDSHIFT; GALAXIES; NGC-4038/4039;
COMPLEXES; EMISSION; IMAGES
AB The Submillimeter Array (SMA) is currently the only interferometer capable of studying molecular gas warmer than similar to 30K in nearby and high-redshift sources. We present high angular resolution (CO)-C-12 J = 3 - 2 observations of the Antennae merging galaxy system made with the SMA. We find that the peaks in the warm molecular gas emission do not necessarily correspond to the peaks seen in the cooler CO J = 1 - 0 gas. This suggests the existence of temperature and/or density gradients in the molecular gas in this interacting system. To study this effect in more detail, we have created a data cube comprising the CO J = 3 - 2/J = 1 - 0 line ratio for every 20kms(-1) channel in this galaxy. With this cube, we can trace the temperature gradients across the spatial and dynamical range of this system. We find excellent spatial agreement between elevated CO J = 3 - 2/J = 1 - 0 ratio and bright spots in the Spitzer 8 mu m map, suggesting that the star formation that is heating the dust is also actively heating the molecular gas. With this correlation, it is possible to trace the dynamics of the warm and cold dust in this system using the CO line ratio, whereas it is not possible to do this with dust measurements alone. The techniques used in this study of a nearby interacting system have strong implications for and analogies to future studies of higher-redshift galaxies that will be studied when ALMA comes online.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RP Petitpas, G (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Submillimeter Array,645 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-311-9
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 375
BP 267
EP 270
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGU76
UT WOS:000250716200037
ER
PT B
AU Xiao, KC
Martin, CL
Hemberger, D
Walsh, WM
Lane, AP
Walker, CK
Stark, AA
AF Xiao, Kecheng
Martin, Christopher L.
Hemberger, Dan
Walsh, Wilfred M.
Lane, Adair P.
Walker, Christopher K.
Stark, Antony A.
BE Baker, AJ
Glenn, J
Harris, AI
Mangum, JG
Yun, MS
TI Molecular column densities near the center of the milky way
SO FROM Z-MACHINES TO ALMA: (SUB) MILLIMETER SPECTROSCOPY OF GALAXIES
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on From Z-Machines to ALMA - (SUB) Millimeter Spectroscopy of
Galaxies
CY JAN 12-14, 2006
CL Natl Radio Astron Observ, N Amer ALMA Sci Ctr, Charlottesville, VA
HO Natl Radio Astron Observ, N Amer ALMA Sci Ctr
ID CLOUDS; AST/RO
AB We use submillimeter-wave survey data to estimate molecular column densities throughout the Galactic Center region. Fully-sampled maps of 461 GHz CO J = 4 -> 3, 807 GHz CO J = 7 -> 6, and 492 GHz [C 1] emission from the AST/RO survey of the Galactic Center region (Martin et al. 2004), together with 115 GHz CO J = I 0 and 110 GHz (CO)-C-13 J = 1 -> 4 0 data from the Bell Labs Survey (Bally et al. 1988), are used in a large velocity gradient (LVG) model to estimate the radiative transfer properties of CO and thereby determine the column densities of molecular material in the inner few degrees of the Milky Way. These data are presented in the form of a map.
C1 [Xiao, Kecheng] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Martin, Christopher L.; Hemberger, Dan] Oberlin Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Oberlin, OH 44074 USA.
[Walsh, Wilfred M.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Lane, Adair P.; Stark, Antony A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Walker, Christopher K.] Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Xiao, KC (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
FU National Science Foundation; Center for Astrohysical Research in
Antarctica (CARA) [NSF OPP 89-20223]; NSF [OPP-0126090]
FX This research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation
under a cooperative agreement with the Center for Astrohysical Research
in Antarctica (CARA), grant number NSF OPP 89-20223. CARA is a National
Science Foundation Science and Technology Center. Support was also
provided by NSF grant OPP-0126090.
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-311-9
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 375
BP 295
EP +
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGU76
UT WOS:000250716200044
ER
PT B
AU Stubbs, CW
Slater, SK
Brown, YJ
Sherman, D
AF Stubbs, Christopher W.
Slater, Sara K.
Brown, Yorke J.
Sherman, Daniel
BE Sterken, C
TI Preliminary results from detector-based throughput calibration of the
CTIO mosaic imager and blanco telescope using a tunable laser
SO FUTURE OF PHOTOMETRIC, SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC AND POLARIMETRIC
STANDARDIZATION
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on the Future of Photometric, Spectrophotometric and
Polarimetric Standardization
CY MAY 08-11, 2006
CL Blankenberge, BELGIUM
SP Flemish Minist Foreign Policy, European Affairs, Sci & Technol, Belgian Fed Off Sci, Tech & Cultural Affairs, Interuniv Attract Poles Programme, Vrije Univ Brussels, Res Fdn Flanders
ID SOUTHERN SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC STANDARDS; ABSOLUTE FLUX CALIBRATION;
DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEM; STARS; VEGA
AB We describe the scientific motivation for achieving photometric precision and accuracy below the 1% level, and we present a calibration philosophy based on using calibrated detectors rather than celestial sources as the fundamental metrology reference. A description of the apparatus and methodology is presented, as well as preliminary measurements of relative system throughput versus wavelength for the Mosaic imager at the CTIO Blanco 4-m telescope. We measure the throughput of the optics, filter, and detector by comparing the flux seen by the instrument to that seen by a precisely calibrated monitor photodiode, using a tunable laser as the illumination source. This allows us to measure the transmission properties of the system, passband by passband, with full pupil illumination of the entire optical train. These preliminary results are sufficiently promising that we intend to further pursue this technique, particularly for next-generation survey projects such as PanSTARRS and LSST.
C1 [Stubbs, Christopher W.; Slater, Sara K.; Brown, Yorke J.; Sherman, Daniel] Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Dept Phys, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Natl Opt Astron Observ, Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, La Serena 603, Chile.
Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Stubbs, CW (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Dept Phys, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
FU US National Science Foundation [AST-0443378, AST-0507475]
FX We are grateful to the US National Science Foundation, under grants
AST-0443378 and AST-0507475, for their support of this work in the
context of the ESSENCE supernova survey. We are also grateful to the
LSST Corporation, Harvard University, and the US Department of Energy
Office of Science for their support of the continuing development of
these techniques. The work described here would not have been possible
without the skill and support of the technical staff at CTIO. We are
also very grateful to Dr. Eli Margalith of Opotek for his support and
assistance in this endeavor.
NR 23
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-583812-32-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 364
BP 373
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BGF80
UT WOS:000246501500032
ER
PT B
AU Brown, YJ
Stubbs, CV
Henry, ET
Brown, LB
AF Brown, Yorke J.
Stubbs, Christopher V.
Henry, Edward T.
Brown, L. Bailes
BE Sterken, C
TI A technique for a self-luminous flatfield calibration screen
SO FUTURE OF PHOTOMETRIC, SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC AND POLARIMETRIC
STANDARDIZATION
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on the Future of Photometric, Spectrophotometric and
Polarimetric Standardization
CY MAY 08-11, 2006
CL Blankenberge, BELGIUM
SP Flemish Minist Foreign Policy, European Affairs, Sci & Technol, Belgian Fed Off Sci, Tech & Cultural Affairs, Interuniv Attract Poles Programme, Vrije Univ Brussels, Res Fdn Flanders
AB The use of flatfield illuminators shows great promise for calibrating telescopes to be used in the next generation of la supernova measurements. In order to meet the physical constraints of the PanSTARRS and LSST domes, we are developing a self-luminous flatfield calibration screen which can cover the entrance aperture of these telescopes while presenting a total thickness of only 13 cm. We expect to achieve illumination uniformity and passband flatness adequate for optical throughput calibration at the 1% level. The emitting element is a "side-emitting" optical fiber excited by a pulsed laser tunable over the bandpass of 400 to 1100 run. The fiber is embedded in a sheet of acrylic the size of the telescope aperture. This radiating element is backed by a mirror. In front of the radiator is an acrylic lambertian diffusing screen, and in front of the diffuser is a baffle screen that occults much of the light that would have entered the telescope by way of scattering from telescope and dome structures. The baffle screen is a sheet of black acrylic drilled with a densely packed array of threaded holes.
C1 [Brown, Yorke J.; Stubbs, Christopher V.; Henry, Edward T.; Brown, L. Bailes] Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Dept Phys, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Brown, YJ (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Dept Phys, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
FU LSST Corporation; Harvard University
FX Funding for this effort has been provided by the LSST Corporation and by
Harvard University.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-583812-32-7
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 364
BP 571
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BGF80
UT WOS:000246501500048
ER
PT J
AU Cosse, M
Gonzalez, S
Maldonado, JE
AF Cosse, M.
Gonzalez, S.
Maldonado, J. E.
TI Cross-amplification tests of ungulate primers in the endangered
Neotropical pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus)
SO GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE bovidae; cervidae; cross-species amplification; microsatellite; pampas
deer
ID POLYMORPHIC MICROSATELLITES; ROE DEER; ARTIODACTYLA; LOCI
AB In cross-species amplification tests of 15 ungulate primers in pampas deer, five were retained to form a small panel of highly polymorphic loci that could be used to efficiently screen populations of this endangered species. The polymerase chain reactions were performed incorporating the universal fluorescent labeled M13 (-21) primer. In 69 pampas deer, average allelic diversity was 15, expected heterozygosity was 0.869 and the mean polymorphic information content value was 0.847. Paternity exclusion probabilities over loci were NE-1P = 0.01336 and NE-2P = 0.00135, and combined non-exclusion probability of identity was P (ID) = 3 x 10(-8).
C1 [Cosse, M.; Gonzalez, S.] Fac Ciencias, Dept Genet, IIBCE Unidad Asociada, Montevideo, Uruguay.
[Maldonado, J. E.] Smithsonian Inst, NZP NMNH, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Cosse, M (reprint author), Fac Ciencias, Dept Genet, IIBCE Unidad Asociada, Montevideo, Uruguay.
EM mcosse@iibce.edu.uy
NR 11
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 5
PU FUNPEC-EDITORA
PI RIBEIRAO PRETO
PA RUA HUDSON 655, JARDIM CANADA, RIBEIRAO PRETO, SP, BRAZIL
SN 1676-5680
J9 GENET MOL RES
JI Genet. Mol. Res.
PY 2007
VL 6
IS 4
BP 1118
EP 1122
PG 5
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 265RZ
UT WOS:000253379900001
PM 18273805
ER
PT J
AU Rector, A
Lemey, P
Tachezy, R
Mostmans, S
Ghim, SJ
Van Doorslaer, K
Roelke, M
Bush, M
Montali, RJ
Joslin, J
Burk, RD
Jenson, AB
Sundberg, JP
Shapiro, B
Van Ranst, M
AF Rector, Annabel
Lemey, Philippe
Tachezy, Ruth
Mostmans, Sara
Ghim, Shin-Je
Van Doorslaer, Koenraad
Roelke, Melody
Bush, Mitchell
Montali, Richard J.
Joslin, Janis
Burk, Robert D.
Jenson, Alfred B.
Sundberg, John P.
Shapiro, Beth
Van Ranst, Marc
TI Ancient papillomavirus-host co-speciation in Felidae
SO GENOME BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; ROLLING-CIRCLE AMPLIFICATION;
HUMAN-POPULATIONS; VIRUS; TYPE-1; CLONING; PROTEIN; COEVOLUTION;
HYPERPLASIA; PHYLOGENY
AB Background: Estimating evolutionary rates for slowly evolving viruses such as papillomaviruses ( PVs) is not possible using fossil calibrations directly or sequences sampled over a time-scale of decades. An ability to correlate their divergence with a host species, however, can provide a means to estimate evolutionary rates for these viruses accurately. To determine whether such an approach is feasible, we sequenced complete feline PV genomes, previously available only for the domestic cat ( Felis domesticus, FdPV1), from four additional, globally distributed feline species: Lynx rufus PV type 1, Puma concolor PV type 1, Panthera leo persica PV type 1, and Uncia uncia PV type 1.
Results: The feline PVs all belong to the Lambdapapillomavirus genus, and contain an unusual second noncoding region between the early and late protein region, which is only present in members of this genus. Our maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses demonstrate that the evolutionary relationships between feline PVs perfectly mirror those of their feline hosts, despite a complex and dynamic phylogeographic history. By applying host species divergence times, we provide the first precise estimates for the rate of evolution for each PV gene, with an overall evolutionary rate of 1.95 x 10(-8) ( 95% confidence interval 1.32 x 10(-8) to 2.47 x 10(-8)) nucleotide substitutions per site per year for the viral coding genome.
Conclusion: Our work provides evidence for long-term virus-host co-speciation of feline PVs, indicating that viral diversity in slowly evolving viruses can be used to investigate host species evolution. These findings, however, should not be extrapolated to other viral lineages without prior confirmation of virus-host co-divergence.
C1 Katholieke Univ Leuven, Rega Inst Med Res, Lab Clin & Epidemiol Virol, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium.
Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England.
Inst Hematol & Blood Transfus, Dept Expt Virol, Prague 12822, Czech Republic.
Univ Louisville, Brown Canc Ctr, Louisville, KY 40202 USA.
Albert Einstein Coll Med, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Dept Epidemiol & Social Med, Bronx, NY 10461 USA.
SAIC Frederick Natl Canc Inst, Basic Res Program, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA.
Smithsonian Conservat & Res Ctr, Natl Zool Pk, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA.
Phoenix Zoo, Phoenix, AZ 85008 USA.
Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA.
RP Van Ranst, M (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Rega Inst Med Res, Lab Clin & Epidemiol Virol, Minderbroeders Str, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium.
EM marc.vanranst@uz.kuleuven.be
OI Van Ranst, Marc/0000-0002-1674-4157
NR 41
TC 83
Z9 84
U1 1
U2 9
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND
SN 1474-760X
J9 GENOME BIOL
JI Genome Biol.
PY 2007
VL 8
IS 4
AR R57
DI 10.1186/gb-2007-8-4-r57
PG 12
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 174ZY
UT WOS:000246982900014
PM 17430578
ER
PT J
AU MacLeod, KG
Whitney, DL
Huber, BT
Koeberl, C
AF MacLeod, Kenneth G.
Whitney, Donna L.
Huber, Brian T.
Koeberl, Christian
TI Impact and extinction in remarkably complete Cretaceous-Tertiary
boundary sections from Demerara Rise, tropical western North Atlantic
SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary; mass extinction; impact; Demerara Rise;
Ir anomaly; ODP Site 1259; ODP Leg 207
ID K/T MASS EXTINCTION; CHICXULUB IMPACT; BLAKE NOSE; STRATIGRAPHY;
FORAMINIFERA; TRANSITION; CRATER; EVENT; DEPOSITS; EJECTA
AB Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 207, on the Demerara Rise in the western tropical North Atlantic, recovered multiple Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary sections containing an ejecta layer. Sedimentological, geochemical, and paleontological changes across the boundary closely match patterns expected for a mass extinction caused by a single impact. A normally graded, similar to 2-cmthick bed of spherules that is interpreted as a primary air-fall deposit of impact ejecta occurs between sediments of the highest Cretaceous Plummerita hantkeninoides foraminiferal zone and the lowest Paleogene PO foraminiferal zone. There are no other spherule layers in the section. In addition to extinction of Cretaceous taxa, foraminiferal abundance drops from abundant to rare across the boundary. Ir concentrations reach a maximum of similar to 1.5 ppb at the top of the spherule bed, and the Ir anomaly is associated with enrichment in other siderophile elements. We attribute the unusually well-preserved and relatively simple stratigraphy to the fact that Demerara Rise was close enough (similar to 4500 km) to the Chicxulub impact site to receive similar to 2 cm of ejecta, yet was far enough away (and perhaps sheltered by the curve of northern South America) to have been relatively unaffected by impact-induced waves.
C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Geol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
Univ Minnesota, Dept Geol & Geophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
Smithsonian Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Univ Vienna, Dept Geol Sci, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
RP MacLeod, KG (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Geol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM macleodk@missouri.edu; dwhitney@umn.edu; huberb@si.edu;
christian.koeberl@univie.ac.at
RI MacLeod, Kenneth/C-4042-2017;
OI MacLeod, Kenneth/0000-0002-6016-0837; Whitney, Donna/0000-0002-8296-4692
NR 57
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 2
U2 11
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0016-7606
EI 1943-2674
J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL
JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 119
IS 1-2
BP 101
EP 115
DI 10.1130/B25955.1
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 126BC
UT WOS:000243486200007
ER
PT S
AU Parris, DC
Shelton, SY
Martin, JE
AF Parris, David C.
Shelton, Sally Y.
Martin, James E.
BE Martin, JE
Parris, DC
TI Introduction to the geology and paleontology of the Late Cretaceous
marine deposits of the Dakotas
SO GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF THE LATE CRETACEOUS MARINE DEPOSITS OF THE
DAKOTAS
SE Geological Society of America Special Papers
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 [Parris, David C.] New Jersey State Museum, Bur Nat Hist, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA.
[Shelton, Sally Y.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Martin, James E.] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Museum Geol, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
RP Parris, DC (reprint author), New Jersey State Museum, Bur Nat Hist, POB 530, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA.
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER INC
PI BOULDER
PA 3300 PENROSE PL, PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301 USA
SN 0072-1077
BN 978-0-8137-2427-0
J9 GEOL SOC AM SPEC PAP
PY 2007
VL 427
BP 1
EP 7
DI 10.1130/2007.2427(01)
PG 7
WC Geology; Paleontology
SC Geology; Paleontology
GA BLY04
UT WOS:000271381000001
ER
PT J
AU Crumpler, LS
Aubele, JC
Zimbelman, JR
AF Crumpler, Larry S.
Aubele, Jayne C.
Zimbelman, James R.
BE Chapman, MG
TI Volcanic features of New Mexico analogous to volcanic features on Mars
SO GEOLOGY OF MARS: EVIDENCE FROM EARTH-BASED ANALOGS
SE Cambridge Planetary Science Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID GROUND ICE INTERACTIONS; MARTIAN VOLCANOS; EVOLUTION; BASALT;
EMPLACEMENT; DENSITY; MANTLE; FLOWS; MAGMA; VENUS
C1 [Crumpler, Larry S.; Aubele, Jayne C.] New Mexico Museum Nat Hist & Sci, Albuquerque, NM USA.
[Zimbelman, James R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Crumpler, LS (reprint author), New Mexico Museum Nat Hist & Sci, Albuquerque, NM USA.
NR 75
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-521-83292-2
J9 CAMB PLANET
PY 2007
IS 5
BP 95
EP 125
DI 10.1017/CBO9780511536014.005
D2 10.1017/CBO9780511536014
PG 31
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology
GA BXW26
UT WOS:000297320800005
ER
PT J
AU Zimbelman, JR
Williams, SH
AF Zimbelman, James R.
Williams, Steven H.
BE Chapman, MG
TI Eolian dunes and deposits in the western United States as analogs to
wind-related features on Mars
SO GEOLOGY OF MARS: EVIDENCE FROM EARTH-BASED ANALOGS
SE Cambridge Planetary Science Series
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID THERMAL EMISSION SPECTROMETER; EASTERN MOJAVE DESERT; DESIERTO SAND-SEA;
GLOBAL SURVEYOR; ORBITER CAMERA; SOUTHEASTERN CALIFORNIA; IMPERIAL
VALLEY; GRAN DESIERTO; WHITE-SANDS; KELSO DUNES
C1 [Zimbelman, James R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Zimbelman, JR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 133
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-521-83292-2
J9 CAMB PLANET
PY 2007
IS 5
BP 232
EP 264
DI 10.1017/CBO9780511536014.010
D2 10.1017/CBO9780511536014
PG 33
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology
GA BXW26
UT WOS:000297320800010
ER
PT S
AU Aranda-Gomez, JJ
Luhr, JF
Housh, TB
Valdez-Moreno, G
Chavez-Cabello, G
AF Jorge Aranda-Gomez, Jose
Luhr, James F.
Housh, Todd B.
Valdez-Moreno, Gabriel
Chavez-Cabello, Gabriel
BE AlanizAlvarez, SA
NietoSamaniego, AF
TI Late Cenozoic intraplate-type volcanism in central and northern Mexico:
A review
SO GEOLOGY OF MEXICO: CELEBRATING THE CENTENARY OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY
OF MEXICO
SE Geological Society of America Special Papers
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
DE alkalic volcanic rocks; extension; Basin and Range; peridotite xenoliths
ID SAN-LUIS-POTOSI; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; UPPER-MANTLE BENEATH;
JAGUEY-MAAR COMPLEX; BAJA-CALIFORNIA; PERIDOTITE XENOLITHS; SOUTHERN
BASIN; ULTRAMAFIC XENOLITHS; SOCORRO ISLAND; ISOTOPIC SYSTEMATICS
AB Intraplate-type volcanism ( late Oligocene to Quaternary) occurs in Mexico on both the North American and the Pacific plates. Oceanic localities are voluminous shield volcanoes on or near fossil-spreading ridges. Subaerial rocks of these volcanoes form either geochemically continuous and coherent rock series or bimodal suites. Low-pressure crystal fractionation of alkali basalt and assimilation of hydrothermally altered rocks from the volcanic pile determined the compositions of the mafic-intermediate rocks at Socorro. Trachytes at Socorro were formed by partial melting of alkali basalt, and rhyolites through crystal fractionation of parental trachytes. These felsic rocks also assimilated hydrothermally altered rocks.
Continental localities ( late Oligocene to Quaternary) occur scattered north of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt; their location is independent of older volcanic provinces and boundaries between today's geologic/tectonic provinces. Intraplate-type rocks have high TiO(2), Nb, and Ta contents, and host mantle and/or lower crust xenoliths +/- megacrysts. Many fields are in the southern Basin and Range and the most extensive and voluminous were contemporaneous with normal faulting. The locations of some fields suggest that magma ascent was influenced by regional structures. However, normal faulting is minor or absent in many other Mexican fields.
The petrogenetic processes in late Oligocene to Miocene magmas differ from those in Plio-Quaternary magmas. Slow ascent of magmas formed during early stages of extension-favored assimilation-fractional crystallization and gravitational settling of xenoliths. Plio-Quaternary xenolith-bearing magmas traveled faster through cooler crust where brittle structures caused by extension were able to propagate deeper. Geochemical evidence of assimilation is more subtle in the younger volcanic rocks.
C1 [Luhr, James F.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Housh, Todd B.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Valdez-Moreno, Gabriel; Chavez-Cabello, Gabriel] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Geociencias, Queretaro 76001, Qro, Mexico.
[Jorge Aranda-Gomez, Jose] Inst Potosino Invest Cient & Tecnol, Dept Geol Econ, San Luis Potosi 78216, SLP, Mexico.
RP Aranda-Gomez, JJ (reprint author), UNAM, Ctr Geociencias, Campus Juriquilla, Queretaro 76230, Qro, Mexico.
EM jjag@geociencias.unam.mx
NR 159
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 2
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER INC
PI BOULDER
PA 3300 PENROSE PL, PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301 USA
SN 0072-1077
BN 978-0-8137-2422-5
J9 GEOL SOC AM SPEC PAP
PY 2007
VL 422
BP 93
EP 128
DI 10.1130/2007.2422(04)
PG 36
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology
GA BLY30
UT WOS:000271424000005
ER
PT J
AU Neubauer, SC
Toledo-Duran, GE
Emerson, D
Megonigal, JP
AF Neubauer, Scott C.
Toledo-Duran, Gloried E.
Emerson, David
Megonigal, J. Patrick
TI Returning to their roots: Iron-oxidizing bacteria enhance short-term
plaque formation in the wetland-plant rhizosphere
SO GEOMICROBIOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Fe plaque; iron oxidation; iron-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB); Juncus
effusus; rhizosphere processes; wetland biogeochemistry
ID RADIAL OXYGEN LOSS; ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; CIRCUMNEUTRAL PH;
TYPHA-LATIFOLIA; ORGANIC-MATTER; TAGUS ESTUARY; FERROUS IRON; OXIDATION;
DEPOSITION; REDUCTION
AB In the wetland rhizosphere, high densities of lithotrophic Fe(II)oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) and a favorable environment (i.e., high Fe(II) availability and microaerobic conditions) suggest that these organisms are actively contributing to the formation of Fe plaque on plant roots. We manipulated the presence/absence of an Fe( II)oxidizing bacterium (Sideroxydans paludicola, strain BrT) in axenic hydroponic microcosms containing the roots of intact Juncus effusus (soft rush) plants to determine if FeOB affected total rates of rhizosphere Fe( II) oxidation and Fe plaque accumulation. Our experimental data highlight the importance of both FeOB and plants in influencing short-term rates of rhizosphere Fe oxidation. Over time scales ca. 1 wk, the FeOB increased Fe( II) oxidation rates by 1.3 to 1.7 times relative to FeOB-free microcosms. Across multiple experimental trials, Fe( II) oxidation rates were significantly correlated with root biomass, reflecting the importance of radial O-2 loss in supporting rhizosphere Fe(II) oxidation. Rates of root Fe(III) plaque accumulation (time scales: 3 to 6 wk) were similar to 70 to 83% lower than expected based on the short-term Fe(II) oxidation rates and were unaffected by the presence/absence of FeOB. Decreasing rates of Fe( II) oxidation and Fe(III) plaque accumulation with increasing time scales indicate changes in rates of Fe(II) diffusion and radial O-2 loss, shifts in the location of Fe oxide accumulation, or temporal changes in the microbial community within the microcosms. The microcosms used herein replicated many of the environmental characteristics of wetland systems and allowed us to demonstrate that FeOB can stimulate rates of Fe(II) oxidation in the wetland rhizosphere, a finding that has implications for the biogeochemical cycling of carbon, metals, and nutrients in wetland ecosystems.
C1 Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
Amer Type Culture Collect, Manassas, VA 20110 USA.
RP Neubauer, SC (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Baruch Marine Field Lab, POB 1630, Georgetown, SC 29442 USA.
EM scott@belle.baruch.sc.edu
RI Neubauer, Scott/A-3443-2011
OI Neubauer, Scott/0000-0001-8948-2832
NR 43
TC 43
Z9 54
U1 5
U2 36
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-0451
J9 GEOMICROBIOL J
JI Geomicrobiol. J.
PY 2007
VL 24
IS 1
BP 65
EP 73
DI 10.1080/01490450601134309
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 153WD
UT WOS:000245466100006
ER
PT J
AU Weiss, JV
Rentz, JA
Plaia, T
Neubauer, SC
Merrill-Floyd, M
Lilburn, T
Bradburne, C
Megonigal, JP
Emerson, D
AF Weiss, Johanna V.
Rentz, Jeremy A.
Plaia, Todd
Neubauer, Scott C.
Merrill-Floyd, Melissa
Lilburn, Tim
Bradburne, Christopher
Megonigal, J. Patrick
Emerson, David
TI Characterization of neutrophilic Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria isolated from
the rhizosphere of wetland plants and description of Ferritrophicum
radicicola gen. nov sp nov., and Sideroxydans paludicola sp nov.
SO GEOMICROBIOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE iron-oxidizing bacteria; rhizosphere; wetlands; lithotrophs;
Sideroxydans; Ferritrophicum
ID IRON-OXIDIZING BACTERIA; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; FE(III) OXIDE
REDUCTION; HYDROTHERMAL VENTS; CIRCUMNEUTRAL PH; FERRIC IRON; RICE
ROOTS; FE-PLAQUE; DEEP-SEA; OXIDATION
AB Iron deposits (Fe plaque) on wetland plant roots contain abundant microbial populations, including Fe(II)-oxidizing bacteria (FeOB) that have not been cultured previously. In this study, 4 strains of Fe plaque-associated FeOB were isolated from 4 species of wetland plants. All 4 isolates grew in tight association with Fe-oxides, but did not form any identifiable Fe-oxide structures. All strains were obligate lithotrophic Fe(II)-oxidizers that were microaerobic, and were unable to use other inorganic or organic energy sources. One strain, BrT, was shown to fix (CO2)-C-14 at a rate consistent with its requirement for total cell carbon. The doubling times for the strains varied between 9.5 and 15.8 hours. The fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles of 2 strains, BrT and CCJ, revealed that 16:0, 15:1 isoG, and 14:0 were dominant fatty acids. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene indicated that all the strains were Betaproteobacteria. Two of the strains, BrT and Br-1 belong to a new species, Sideroxydans paludicola; a third strain, LD-1, is related to Sideroxydans lithotrophicus, a recently described species of FeOB. The fourth isolate, Ferritrophicum radicicola, represented a new genus in a new order of Betaproteobacteria, the Ferritrophicales. There are no other cultured isolates in this order. A small subunit rRNA gene-based, cultivation-independent analysis of Typha latifolia collected from a wetland revealed terminal restriction fragment profiles (tRFLP) consistent with the presence of these bacteria in the rhizosphere. These novel organisms likely play an important role in Fe(II) oxidation kinetics and Fe cycling within many terrestrial and freshwater environments.
C1 Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575 USA.
No Virginia Community Coll, Biotehnol Program, Manassas, VA 20109 USA.
Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
American Type Culture Collect, Manassas, VA 22010 USA.
Univ S Carolina, Baruch Marine Field Lab, Georgetown, SC 29442 USA.
Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
George Mason Univ, Environm Sci & Policy Dept, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Emerson, D (reprint author), Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, POB 475, Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575 USA.
EM demerson@bigelow.org
RI Neubauer, Scott/A-3443-2011; Floyd, Melissa/D-4626-2012
OI Neubauer, Scott/0000-0001-8948-2832;
NR 47
TC 77
Z9 84
U1 7
U2 55
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0149-0451
J9 GEOMICROBIOL J
JI Geomicrobiol. J.
PY 2007
VL 24
IS 7-8
BP 559
EP 570
DI 10.1080/01490450701670152
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA 237TO
UT WOS:000251399500002
ER
PT J
AU Erickson, JE
Megonigal, JP
Peresta, G
Drake, BG
AF Erickson, John E.
Megonigal, J. Patrick
Peresta, Gary
Drake, Bert G.
TI Salinity and sea level mediate elevated CO(2) effects on C(3)-C(4) plant
interactions and tissue nitrogen in a Chesapeake Bay tidal wetland
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE elevated CO(2); net primary productivity; salinity; Scirpus olneyi; sea
level; Spartina patens
ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; SCRUB-OAK ECOSYSTEM;
SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; STOMATAL RESPONSES; WATER AVAILABILITY; FOREST
ECOSYSTEMS; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; GROWTH-RESPONSE; MARSH
AB Elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations ([CO(2)]) generally increase plant photosynthesis in C(3) species, but not in C(4) species, and reduce stomatal conductance in both C(3) and C(4) plants. In addition, tissue nitrogen concentration ([N]) often fails to keep pace with enhanced carbon gain under elevated CO(2), particularly in C(3) species. While these responses are well documented in many species, implications for plant growth and nutrient cycling in native ecosystems are not clear. Here we present data on 18 years of measurement of above and belowground biomass, tissue [N] and total standing crop of N for a Scirpus olneyi-dominated (C(3) sedge) community, a Spartina patens-dominated (C(4) grass) community and a C(3)-C(4)-mixed species community exposed to ambient and elevated (ambient +340 ppm) atmospheric [CO(2)] in natural salinity and sea level conditions of a Chesapeake Bay wetland. Increased biomass production (shoots plus roots) under elevated [CO(2)] in the S. olneyi-dominated community was sustained throughout the study, averaging approximately 35%, while no significant effect of elevated [CO(2)] was found for total biomass in the C(4)-dominated community. We found a significant decline in C(4) biomass (correlated with rising sea level) and a concomitant increase in C(3) biomass in the mixed community. This shift from C(4) to C(3) was accelerated by the elevated [CO(2)] treatment. The elevated [CO(2)] stimulation of total biomass accumulation was greatest during rainy, low salinity years: the average increase above the ambient treatment during the three wettest years (1994, 1996, 2003) was 2.9 t ha(-1) but in the three driest years (1995, 1999, 2002), it was 1.2 t ha(-1). Elevated [CO(2)] depressed tissue [N] in both species, but especially in the S. olneyi where the relative depression was positively correlated with salinity and negatively related with the relative enhancement of total biomass production. Thus, the greatest amount of carbon was added to the S. olneyi-dominated community during years when shoot [N] was reduced the most, suggesting that the availability of N was not the most or even the main limitation to elevated [CO(2)] stimulation of carbon accumulation in this ecosystem.
C1 Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
RP Erickson, JE (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
EM ericksonj@si.edu
NR 73
TC 50
Z9 55
U1 10
U2 36
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 1354-1013
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 1
BP 202
EP 215
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01285.x
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 124WX
UT WOS:000243403900016
ER
PT B
AU O'Sullivan, E
Vrtilek, JM
AF O'Sullivan, E.
Vrtilek, J. M.
BE Saviane, I
Ivanov, VD
Borissova, J
TI An x-ray view of the cores of galaxy groups: Effects of AGN and mergers
on the IGM
SO GROUPS OF GALAXIES IN THE NEARBY UNIVERSE, PROCEEDINGS
SE ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ESO Workshop on Groups of Galaxies in the Nearby Universe
CY DEC 05-09, 2005
CL Santiago, CHILE
SP ESO
ID NGC-4636
AB Using data from XMM-Newton and Chandra, we have studied a number of X-ray luminous galaxy groups in order to investigate the effects of mergers and AGN activity on their properties. We here present results from four disturbed systems with particularly interesting features. These groups provide examples of AGN heating preventing runaway cooling and mixing enriched gas from the dominant elliptical with the surrounding intra-group medium. We also show that under standard assumptions of hydrostatic equilibrium and relaxation, X-ray analysis may underestimate the gravitational mass of disturbed systems.
C1 [O'Sullivan, E.; Vrtilek, J. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS-67, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP O'Sullivan, E (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS-67, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM eosullivan@head.cfa.harvard.edu; eosullivan@head.cfa.harvard.edu
OI O'Sullivan, Ewan/0000-0002-5671-6900
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-71172-8
J9 ESO ASTROPHY SYMP
PY 2007
BP 331
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-71173-5_55
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGJ68
UT WOS:000247659300055
ER
PT S
AU Hong, J
Grindlay, JE
Chammas, N
Allen, B
Copete, A
Said, B
Burke, M
Howell, J
Gauron, T
Baker, RG
Barthelmy, SD
Sheikh, S
Gehrels, N
Cook, WR
Burnham, JA
Harrison, FA
Collins, J
Labov, S
Garson, A
Krawczynski, H
AF Hong, J.
Grindlay, J. E.
Chammas, N.
Allen, B.
Copete, A.
Said, B.
Burke, M.
Howell, J.
Gauron, T.
Baker, R. G.
Barthelmy, S. D.
Sheikh, S.
Gehrels, N.
Cook, W. R.
Burnham, J. A.
Harrison, F. A.
Collins, J.
Labov, S.
Garson, A., III
Krawczynski, H.
BE James, RB
Burger, A
Franks, LA
TI Wide-field hard X-ray survey telescope: ProtoEXIST1 - art. no. 67060B
SO HARD X-RAY AND GAMMA-RAY DETECTOR PHYSICS IX
SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
(SPIE)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Hard X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detector Physics IX
CY AUG 27-29, 2007
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE pixellated CZT detectors; hard X-ray telescope; coded aperture imaging
ID IMAGING DETECTORS
AB We report our progress on the development of pixellated imaging CZT detector arrays for our first-generation balloon-borne wide-field hard X-ray (20 - 600 kcV) telescope, ProtoEXIST1. Our ProtoEXIST program is a pathfinder for the High Energy Telescope (HET) on the Energetic X-ray Imaging Survey telescope (EXIST), a proposed implementation of the Black Hole Finder Probe. ProtoEXIST1 consists of four independent coded-aperture telescopes with close-tiled (similar to 0.4 mm gaps) CZT detectors that preserve their 2.5mm pixel pitch. Multiple shielding/field-of-view configurations are planned to identify optimal geometry for the HET in EXIST. The primary technical challenge in ProtoEXIST is the development of large area, close-tiled modules of imaging CZT detectors (1000 cm(2) for ProtoEXIST1), with all readout and control systems for the ASIC readout vertically stacked. We describe the overall telescope configuration of ProtoEXIST1 and review the current development status of the CZT detectors, from individual detector crystal units (DCUs) to a full detector module (DM). We have built the first units of each component for the detector plane and have completed a few Rev2 DCUs (2x2 cm(2)), which are under a series of tests. Bare DCUs (pre-crystal bonding) show high, uniform ASIC yield (similar to 70%) and similar to 30% reduction in electronics noise compared to the Rev1 equivalent. A Rev1 DCU already achieved similar to 1.2% FWHM at 662 keV, and preliminary analysis of the initial radiation tests on a Rev2 DCU shows similar to 4 keV FWHM at 60 keV (vs. 4.7 keV for Rev1). We therefore expect about <= 1 % FWHM at 662 keV with the Rev2 detectors.
C1 [Hong, J.; Grindlay, J. E.; Chammas, N.; Allen, B.; Copete, A.; Said, B.; Burke, M.; Howell, J.; Gauron, T.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Hong, J (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Barthelmy, Scott/D-2943-2012; Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-6854-3
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2007
VL 6706
BP B7060
EP B7060
DI 10.1117/12.736110
PG 11
WC Optics; Physics, Applied
SC Optics; Physics
GA BHC11
UT WOS:000252147100008
ER
PT B
AU Vikhlinin, A
Burenin, R
Forman, WR
Jones, C
Hornstrup, A
Murray, SS
Quintana, H
AF Vikhlinin, A.
Burenin, R.
Forman, W. R.
Jones, C.
Hornstrup, A.
Murray, S. S.
Quintana, H.
BE Bohringer, H
Pratt, GW
Finoguenov, A
Schuecker, P
TI Lack of cooling flow clusters at z > 0.5
SO HEATING VERSUS COOLING IN GALAXIES AND CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES
SE ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT MPA/ESO/MPE/USM Joint Astronomy Conference
CY AUG 06-11, 2006
CL Garching, GERMANY
SP MPA, ESO, MPE, USM
ID FLUX-LIMITED SAMPLE; GALAXY CLUSTERS; MASS; CORES
AB The goal of this work is to study the incidence rate of "cooling flows" in the high redshift clusters using Chandra observations of z > 0.5 objects from a new large, X-ray selected catalog [2]. We find that only a very small fraction of high-z objects have cuspy X-ray brightness profiles, which is a characteristic feature of the cooling flow clusters at z similar to 0. The observed lack of cooling flows is most likely a consequence of a higher rate of major mergers at z > 0.5.
C1 [Vikhlinin, A.; Forman, W. R.; Jones, C.; Murray, S. S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Vikhlinin, A.; Burenin, R.] Space Res Inst, Moscow, Russia.
[Hornstrup, A.] Danish Natl Space Ctr, Roskilde, Denmark.
[Quintana, H.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Santiago, Chile.
RP Vikhlinin, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 9
TC 57
Z9 58
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-73483-3
J9 ESO ASTROPHY SYMP
PY 2007
BP 48
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-73484-0_9
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHA24
UT WOS:000251794500009
ER
PT B
AU Forman, W
Churazov, E
Jones, C
Nulsen, P
Kraft, R
Bohringer, H
Vikhlinin, A
Markevitch, M
Eilek, J
Owen, F
Begelman, M
Heinz, S
AF Forman, W.
Churazov, E.
Jones, C.
Nulsen, P.
Kraft, R.
Boehringer, H.
Vikhlinin, A.
Markevitch, M.
Eilek, J.
Owen, F.
Begelman, M.
Heinz, S.
BE Bohringer, H
Pratt, GW
Finoguenov, A
Schuecker, P
TI Outbursts from supermassive black holes: Shocks, bubbles, and filaments
around m87
SO HEATING VERSUS COOLING IN GALAXIES AND CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES
SE ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT MPA/ESO/MPE/USM Joint Astronomy Conference
CY AUG 06-11, 2006
CL Garching, GERMANY
SP MPA, ESO, MPE, USM
ID GALAXIES; CLUSTERS; FLOW; GAS
C1 [Forman, W.; Jones, C.; Nulsen, P.; Kraft, R.; Vikhlinin, A.; Markevitch, M.] Smithsonian Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Churazov, E.; Vikhlinin, A.] Inst Space Res, Moscow, Russia.
[Churazov, E.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Garching, Germany.
[Boehringer, H.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Garching, Germany.
[Eilek, J.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM USA.
[Eilek, J.; Owen, F.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM USA.
[Begelman, M.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Heinz, S.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA.
RP Forman, W (reprint author), Smithsonian Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA USA.
RI Churazov, Eugene/A-7783-2013
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-73483-3
J9 ESO ASTROPHY SYMP
PY 2007
BP 80
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-73484-0_15
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHA24
UT WOS:000251794500015
ER
PT B
AU Gitti, M
McNamara, BR
Nulsen, PEJ
Wise, MW
AF Gitti, M.
McNamara, B. R.
Nulsen, P. E. J.
Wise, M. W.
BE Bohringer, H
Pratt, GW
Finoguenov, A
Schuecker, P
TI The XMM-Newton view of MS0735+7421: the most energetic AGN outburst in a
galaxy cluster
SO HEATING VERSUS COOLING IN GALAXIES AND CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES
SE ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT MPA/ESO/MPE/USM Joint Astronomy Conference
CY AUG 06-11, 2006
CL Garching, GERMANY
SP MPA, ESO, MPE, USM
ID X-RAY-CLUSTERS; SAMPLE
AB We discuss the possible cosmological effects of powerful AGN outbursts in galaxy clusters by starting from the results of an XMM-Newton observation of the supercavity cluster MS0735+7421.
C1 [Gitti, M.; McNamara, B. R.] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clippinger Labs, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
[McNamara, B. R.] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Nulsen, P. E. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Wise, M. W.] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Astron, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
RP Gitti, M (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clippinger Labs, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
EM gitti@phy.ohiou.edu; mcnamara@uwaterloo.ca;
pnuisen@head.cfa.harvard.edu; wise@science.uva.nl
OI Gitti, Myriam/0000-0002-0843-3009
FU NASA [NNG05GK876]; NASA Long Term Space Astrophysics [NA64-11025]
FX We thank A. Vikhlinin for sending the data used to make Fig.2, right.
This research is supported by NASA grant NNG05GK876 and by NASA Long
Term Space Astrophysics Grant NA64-11025.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-73483-3
J9 ESO ASTROPHY SYMP
PY 2007
BP 90
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-73484-0_17
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHA24
UT WOS:000251794500017
ER
PT B
AU Croston, JH
Kraft, RP
Hardcastle, MJ
AF Croston, J. H.
Kraft, R. P.
Hardcastle, M. J.
BE Bohringer, H
Pratt, GW
Finoguenov, A
Schuecker, P
TI Shock heating by nearby AGN
SO HEATING VERSUS COOLING IN GALAXIES AND CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES
SE ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT MPA/ESO/MPE/USM Joint Astronomy Conference
CY AUG 06-11, 2006
CL Garching, GERMANY
SP MPA, ESO, MPE, USM
ID XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; X-RAY-EMISSION; RADIO GALAXIES; CENTAURUS-A;
NUCLEI; ATMOSPHERES; LOBES; JET
AB Shock heating by radio jets is potentially an important process in a range of environments as it will increase the entropy of the heated gas. Although this process is expected to occur in the most powerful radio-loud AGN, strong shocks have so far only been detected in nearby low-power radio galaxies. Here we discuss X-ray detections of strong shocks in nearby galaxies, including a new detection of shocked gas around both lobes of the nearby radio galaxy NGC 3801 with inferred Mach numbers of 3-6 and a total injected energy comparable to the thermal energy of the ISM within 11 kpc. We discuss possible links between shock heating, AGN fuelling and galaxy mergers and the role of this type of system in feedback models.
C1 [Croston, J. H.; Hardcastle, M. J.] Univ Hertfordshire, Sch Phys Astron & Math, Coll Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England.
[Kraft, R. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Croston, JH (reprint author), Univ Hertfordshire, Sch Phys Astron & Math, Coll Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England.
EM j.h.croston@herts.ac.uk
RI Hardcastle, Martin/E-2264-2012
OI Hardcastle, Martin/0000-0003-4223-1117
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-73483-3
J9 ESO ASTROPHY SYMP
PY 2007
BP 95
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-73484-0_18
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHA24
UT WOS:000251794500018
ER
PT B
AU Birzan, L
McNamara, BR
Carilli, CL
Nulsen, PEJ
Wise, MW
AF Birzan, L.
McNamara, B. R.
Carilli, C. L.
Nulsen, P. E. J.
Wise, M. W.
BE Bohringer, H
Pratt, GW
Finoguenov, A
Schuecker, P
TI Radio properties of cavities in the ICM: Imprints of AGN activity
SO HEATING VERSUS COOLING IN GALAXIES AND CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES
SE ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT MPA/ESO/MPE/USM Joint Astronomy Conference
CY AUG 06-11, 2006
CL Garching, GERMANY
SP MPA, ESO, MPE, USM
ID GALAXIES; CLUSTERS; BUBBLES
C1 [Birzan, L.] Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
[McNamara, B. R.] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Carilli, C. L.] NRAO, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Nulsen, P. E. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Wise, M. W.] Univ Amsterdam, NL-1012 WX Amsterdam, Netherlands.
RP Birzan, L (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
EM birzan@helios.phy.ohiou.edu; mcnamara@sciborg.uwaterloo.ca
NR 15
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-73483-3
J9 ESO ASTROPHY SYMP
PY 2007
BP 115
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-73484-0_22
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHA24
UT WOS:000251794500022
ER
PT B
AU Nulsen, PEJ
Jones, C
Forman, WR
David, LP
McNamara, BR
Rafferty, DA
Birzan, L
Wise, MW
AF Nulsen, P. E. J.
Jones, C.
Forman, W. R.
David, L. P.
McNamara, B. R.
Rafferty, D. A.
Birzan, L.
Wise, M. W.
BE Bohringer, H
Pratt, GW
Finoguenov, A
Schuecker, P
TI AGN heating through cavities and shocks
SO HEATING VERSUS COOLING IN GALAXIES AND CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES
SE ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT MPA/ESO/MPE/USM Joint Astronomy Conference
CY AUG 06-11, 2006
CL Garching, GERMANY
SP MPA, ESO, MPE, USM
ID X-RAY CAVITIES; CHANDRA OBSERVATION; HYDRA-A; CLUSTER; GALAXIES; GAS;
CONDUCTION
C1 [Nulsen, P. E. J.; Jones, C.; Forman, W. R.; David, L. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St MS6, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[McNamara, B. R.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
[McNamara, B. R.; Rafferty, D. A.; Birzan, L.] Ohio Univ, Astrophys Inst & Dept Phys, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
[Wise, M. W.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannakoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
RP Nulsen, PEJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St MS6, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM pnulsen@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Forman, William/0000-0002-9478-1682
FU NASA [NAS8-01130]
FX This work was partly supported by NASA grant NAS8-01130.
NR 17
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-73483-3
J9 ESO ASTROPHY SYMP
PY 2007
BP 210
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-73484-0_37
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHA24
UT WOS:000251794500037
ER
PT B
AU O'Sullivan, E
Vrtilek, JM
David, LP
Ponman, TJ
Sanderson, AJR
Kempner, J
AF O'Sullivan, E.
Vrtilek, J. M.
David, L. P.
Ponman, T. J.
Sanderson, A. J. R.
Kempner, J.
BE Bohringer, H
Pratt, GW
Finoguenov, A
Schuecker, P
TI Effects of AGN and mergers on the cores of galaxy groups
SO HEATING VERSUS COOLING IN GALAXIES AND CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES
SE ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT MPA/ESO/MPE/USM Joint Astronomy Conference
CY AUG 06-11, 2006
CL Garching, GERMANY
SP MPA, ESO, MPE, USM
ID CLUSTERS; ENTROPY
AB Using a sample of 12 galaxy groups observed by XMM-Newton and Chandra, we examine the effects of AGN heating and mergers on group properties and structure. While some systems possess clearly disturbed surface brightness features (e.g. cavities), in others high resolution temperature and abundance maps are required to reveal structure indicative of interactions. Comparison between the five systems with strongly disturbed cores and the more relaxed members of the sample suggests that central entropy and cooling time are only affected by the most powerful AGN activity. However, the mass-to-light ratio in the core of some systems drops below that expected for stars alone, suggesting that even in apparently relaxed groups AGN activity may push the gas out of hydrostatic equilibrium.
C1 [O'Sullivan, E.; Vrtilek, J. M.; David, L. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Ponman, T. J.; Sanderson, A. J. R.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Kempner, J.] Bowdoin Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA.
RP O'Sullivan, E (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM eosullivan@head.cfa.harvard.edu
OI O'Sullivan, Ewan/0000-0002-5671-6900
FU NASA [AR4-5012X]
FX EOS acknowledges support from NASA grant AR4-5012X
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-73483-3
J9 ESO ASTROPHY SYMP
PY 2007
BP 282
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-73484-0_51
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHA24
UT WOS:000251794500051
ER
PT B
AU Rebusco, P
Churazov, E
Bohringer, H
Forman, WR
AF Rebusco, P.
Churazov, E.
Boehringer, H.
Forman, W. R.
BE Bohringer, H
Pratt, GW
Finoguenov, A
Schuecker, P
TI Stochastic gas motions in galaxy clusters
SO HEATING VERSUS COOLING IN GALAXIES AND CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES
SE ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT MPA/ESO/MPE/USM Joint Astronomy Conference
CY AUG 06-11, 2006
CL Garching, GERMANY
SP MPA, ESO, MPE, USM
ID ABUNDANCE PROFILES
C1 [Rebusco, P.; Churazov, E.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Churazov, E.] Space Res Inst IKI, Moscow 117810, Russia.
[Boehringer, H.] MPI Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
[Forman, W. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Rebusco, P (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
EM pao@mpa-garching.mpg.de
RI Churazov, Eugene/A-7783-2013;
OI Forman, William/0000-0002-9478-1682
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-73483-3
J9 ESO ASTROPHY SYMP
PY 2007
BP 306
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-73484-0_55
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHA24
UT WOS:000251794500055
ER
PT B
AU Nagai, D
Kravtsov, AV
Vikhlinin, A
AF Nagai, D.
Kravtsov, A. V.
Vikhlinin, A.
BE Bohringer, H
Pratt, GW
Finoguenov, A
Schuecker, P
TI Modeling Chandra X-ray observations of galaxy clusters using
cosmological simulations
SO HEATING VERSUS COOLING IN GALAXIES AND CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES
SE ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT MPA/ESO/MPE/USM Joint Astronomy Conference
CY AUG 06-11, 2006
CL Garching, GERMANY
SP MPA, ESO, MPE, USM
ID MASS-TEMPERATURE RELATION; SAMPLE
AB X-ray observations of galaxy clusters potentially provide powerful cosmological probes if systematics due to our incomplete knowledge of the intracluster medium (ICM) physics are understood and controlled. In this paper, we study the effects of galaxy formation on the properties of the ICM and X-ray observable-mass relations using high-resolution self-consistent cosmological simulations of galaxy clusters and comparing their results with recent Chandra X-ray observations. We show that despite complexities of their formation and uncertainties in their modeling, clusters of galaxies both in observations and numerical simulations are remarkably regular outside of their cores, which holds great promise for their use as cosmological probes.
C1 [Nagai, D.] CALTECH, Mail Code 130-33, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Kravtsov, A. V.] Univ Chicago, KICP & EFI, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL USA.
[Vikhlinin, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Vikhlinin, A.] Space Res Inst, Moscow, Russia.
RP Nagai, D (reprint author), CALTECH, Mail Code 130-33, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM daisuke@caltech.edu
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-73483-3
J9 ESO ASTROPHY SYMP
PY 2007
BP 358
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-73484-0_65
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHA24
UT WOS:000251794500065
ER
PT J
AU Torres-Carvajal, O
AF Torres-Carvajal, Omar
TI A taxonomic revision of South American Stenocercus (Squamata : Iguania)
lizards
SO HERPETOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS
LA English
DT Review
DE Andes; Iguania; South America; Stenocercus; systematics; taxonomy
ID PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; NATURAL-HISTORY; NORTHERN PERU;
TROPIDURIDAE; REDESCRIPTION; COLLECTIONS
AB South American Stenocercus lizards occur mostly in the Andes and adjacent lowland areas from northern Colombia and Venezuela to central Argentina at elevations of 0-4000 m. In this paper, 61 species of Stenocercus are recognized, including one resurrected as S. angulifer. Morphologically, S. angulifer more closely resembles S. aculeatus. For each species, a diagnosis, description, and summary of distribution are provided based on examination of 2001 specimens and data from the literature. Notes on color in life and natural history are included for most species. Additionally, a dichotomous key to assist in the identification of specimens is provided.
C1 [Torres-Carvajal, Omar] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Torres-Carvajal, Omar] Pontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Escuela Biol, Quito, Ecuador.
RP Torres-Carvajal, O (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM Torreso@si.edu
NR 127
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 2
PU HERPETOLOGISTS LEAGUE
PI EMPORIA
PA EMPORIA STATE UNIV, DIVISION BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 1200 COMMERCIAL ST,
EMPORIA, KS 66801-5087 USA
SN 0733-1347
EI 1938-5137
J9 HERPETOL MONOGR
JI Herpetol. Monogr.
PY 2007
VL 21
BP 76
EP 178
DI 10.1655/06-001.1
PG 103
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 251AD
UT WOS:000252341700003
ER
PT J
AU Rife, JL
Morison, MM
Barbet, A
Dunn, RK
Ubelaker, DH
Monier, F
AF Rife, Joseph L.
Moore Morison, Melissa
Barbet, Alix
Dunn, Richard K.
Ubelaker, Douglas H.
Monier, Florence
TI Life and death at a port in Roman Greece - The Kenchreai Cemetery
Project, 2002-2006
SO HESPERIA
LA English
DT Review
ID CORINTHIAN KENCHREAI; GYMNASIUM AREA; EXCAVATIONS; KORINTHIA
AB This article summarizes the goals, methods, and discoveries of the Kenchreai Cemetery Project (2002-2006), an interdisciplinary study ofburial grounds at the eastern port of Corinth during the Roman Empire, from the mid-1st to 7th century A.D. Worl- has concentrated on the main cemetery of cist graves and chamber tombs immediately north of the harbor on the Koutsongila. ridge. The contextual study ofthe geology, topography, architecture, epitaphs, bones, wall painting, and artifacts has illuminated funerary ritual and its relationship to social structure during the early Empire. These burials attest to a diverse and prosperous community with a distinct elite stratum.
C1 Macalester Coll, Dept Class, St Paul, MN 55105 USA.
Norwich Univ, Dept Geol, Northfield, VT 05663 USA.
Grand Valley State Univ, Dept Class, Allendale, MI 49401 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Ecole Normale Super, Lab Archeol, F-75230 Paris 05, France.
Ctr Etud Peintures Murale Romaines, F-02200 Soissons, France.
RP Rife, JL (reprint author), Macalester Coll, Dept Class, 1600 Grand Ave, St Paul, MN 55105 USA.
EM rife@macalester.edu; morisonm@gvsu.edu; barbet@ens.fr;
rdunn@norwich.edu; UbelakerD@si.edu; appa.cepmr@libertysurf.fr
NR 107
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SCHOOL CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS
PI PRINCETON
PA 6-8 CHARLTON STREET, PRINCETON, NJ 08540-5232 USA
SN 0018-098X
J9 HESPERIA
JI Hesperia
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2007
VL 76
IS 1
BP 143
EP 181
DI 10.2972/hesp.76.1.143
PG 39
WC Archaeology
SC Archaeology
GA 176LY
UT WOS:000247087800007
ER
PT B
AU Torrelles, JM
Patel, NA
Curiel, S
Anglada, G
Gomez, JF
AF Torrelles, J. M.
Patel, N. A.
Curiel, S.
Anglada, G.
Gomez, J. F.
BE Figueras, F
Girart, JM
Hernanz, M
Jordi, C
TI Cepheus a, a laboratory for testing and opening new theories on
high-mass star formation
SO HIGHLIGHTS OF SPANISH ASTROPHYSICS IV
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Scientific Meeting of the Spanish-Astronomical-Society (SEA)
CY SEP 12-15, 2006
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Spanish Astron Soc, Minist Educ & Ciencia, Univ Barcelona, Gen Catalunya, CSIC, INTA, IAC, UB, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, IEEC, Univ Politecn Catalunya, FCR, Gruppo GMV, INSA, BAIE, CESCA, NTE, SA
ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; CENTIMETER CONTINUUM EMISSION; THERMAL RADIO JET;
MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS; FORMING REGION; A HW2; H2O MASER; DISK; PROTOSTAR;
CANDIDATES
AB Cepheus A is one of the closest (725 pc distance) high-mass star-forming regions. At the center of a high-density molecular core seen in ammonia lines, within a similar or equal to 20 '' (similar or equal to 15,000 AU) radius, there is a cluster of sixteen compact radio continuum sources observed at centimeter wavelengths, some of them associated with phenomena such as Herbig-Haro (HH) objects, molecular outflows, jets, disks, masers, and strong magnetic fields, all of which are signatures of the first steps of the evolution of very young stars. In this contribution, we will review some of the past and most recent observations of Cepheus A, a laboratory for testing and opening new puzzling questions related to the early stellar evolution.
C1 [Torrelles, J. M.] Univ Barcelona, Fac Fis, CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espacio, Planta 7A,Av Diagonal 647, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
[Patel, N. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Curiel, S.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
[Anglada, G.; Gomez, J. F.] Inst Astrofis Andalucia CSIC, E-18080 Granada, Spain.
RP Torrelles, JM (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, Fac Fis, CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espacio, Planta 7A,Av Diagonal 647, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
EM torrelles@ieec.fcr.es; npatel@cfa.harvard.edu; scuriel@astroscu.unam.mx;
guillem@iaa.es; jfg@iaa.es
OI Torrelles, Jose Maria/0000-0002-6896-6085; Gomez, Jose
Francisco/0000-0002-7065-542X
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-1-4020-5999-5
PY 2007
BP 263
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-6000-7_26
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGS55
UT WOS:000250337700026
ER
PT B
AU Eiroa, C
Fidlund, M
Kaltennegger, L
Stankov, A
AF Eiroa, C.
Fidlund, M.
Kaltennegger, L.
Stankov, A.
BE Figueras, F
Girart, JM
Hernanz, M
Jordi, C
TI Earth-like exoplanets. Darwin: stellar targets and precursor science
SO HIGHLIGHTS OF SPANISH ASTROPHYSICS IV
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 7th Scientific Meeting of the Spanish-Astronomical-Society (SEA)
CY SEP 12-15, 2006
CL Barcelona, SPAIN
SP Spanish Astron Soc, Minist Educ & Ciencia, Univ Barcelona, Gen Catalunya, CSIC, INTA, IAC, UB, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, IEEC, Univ Politecn Catalunya, FCR, Gruppo GMV, INSA, BAIE, CESCA, NTE, SA
AB The ESA Darwin mission will search for extrasolar Earth-like planets within the Habitable Zone of stars, study the physical-chemical properties of their atmospheres, identify potential biosignatures, and carry out comparative planetology. In order to achieve these objectives, a suitable sample of stars with very well known properties have to be selected. In this contribution, the Darwin star catalogue is briefly described, as well as some of the current and future observational efforts aiming to characterize the Darwin targets.
C1 [Eiroa, C.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
[Fidlund, M.; Kaltennegger, L.; Stankov, A.] European Space Agcy, ESTEC, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands.
[Kaltennegger, L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Eiroa, C (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Madrid, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
EM carlos.eiroa@uam.es; Malcolm.Fridlund@esa.int;
lkaltenegger@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-1-4020-5999-5
PY 2007
BP 279
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-6000-7_28
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGS55
UT WOS:000250337700028
ER
PT J
AU Scarlett, TJ
Speakman, RJ
Glascock, MD
AF Scarlett, Timothy James
Speakman, Robert J.
Glascock, Michael D.
TI Pottery in the Mormon economy: An historical, archaeological, and
archaeometric study
SO HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID WORCESTER PORCELAIN; WALL
AB Pottery production was important to Latter-day Saint communities and distinguished these towns from their non-Mormon neighbors. The potters and workers left scant records that reveal how their wares fit into Utah's theocratically organized economy. Potters and potteries of 19th-century Utah and the Mormon Domain were part of an archaeological survey conducted between 1999 and 2000. The research project yielded examples of kiln wasters that could be subjected to instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The results demonstrate the utility of integrating primary records and archaeometric tools in the study of historical era economic processes. Data also indicate the applicability of the approach for potteries in close geographic proximity and to determine patterns of variation within site assemblages. The authors propose an anthropological research program to explore the economics of religion in Mormon Utah, combining the analytical power of archaeometry with the contextualized questioning possible in historical archaeology.
C1 [Scarlett, Timothy James] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Social Sci AOB209, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Speakman, Robert J.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
[Glascock, Michael D.] Univ Missouri, Res Reactor Ctr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
RP Scarlett, TJ (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Social Sci AOB209, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
OI Glascock, Michael D./0000-0003-0686-7556; Speakman,
Robert/0000-0003-2063-154X
NR 61
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 7
PU SOC HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY
PI ROCKVILLE
PA 15245 SHADY GROVE RD, STE 130, ROCKVILLE, MD 20850 USA
SN 0440-9213
J9 HIST ARCHAEOL
JI Hist. Archaeol.
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 4
BP 72
EP 97
PG 26
WC Archaeology
SC Archaeology
GA 242EX
UT WOS:000251708400006
ER
PT J
AU Forman, P
AF Forman, Paul
TI How Lewis Mumford saw science, and art, and himself
SO HISTORICAL STUDIES IN THE PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Review
DE abstract; "avant garde," discipline; dualism; Lebensphilosophie;
neotechnic; romanticism; Whitehead
ID HISTORY
AB Mumford saw himself as a scientist of a sort, a fact ignored by nearly every scholar writing about him in the past 30 years. Those viewing Mumford as humanistic social critic have seen him only as inveighing against the limitations and consequences of modern science; they have refused to recognize his very high valuation of science even in its imperfect past and present states. Mumford's estimation of science, of physics especially, was far higher and far more constant than was his estimation of technology, which only during a short period in the late 1920s and early 1930s did he regarded as embodying affirmable values. Where all periodizers of Mumford's writing life have seen only progress into pessimism about science following World War 11 (so C. Lasch and T.P. Hughes), in fact Mumford's valuation of science as an element of culture, and of scientists as agents of social progress, rose in the postwar decades. This was a result of Mumford's rejection of contemporary art, for after the mid-1930s Mumford could no longer suppress the distaste he felt for abstract art, and could no longer sustain his earlier belief-a common faith in the late 19th and early 20th centuries-that art and the artist were the agents by which new, socially salvific values were created. Taking the role of art in Mumford's persona as chief differentiator, three phases are identified in Mumford's writings, with reorientations about 1924 and in the late 1930s. The changing valance Mumford assigned "discipline" confirms that periodization. Attention is drawn to Mumford's romantic, lebensphilosophisch anti-mechanism as common ideology of artistic and literary types in the early 20th century, and to his conception of the reunion of the inner and the outer, the artistic and the scientific, as ideology of intellectual types in the same period.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Forman, P (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM formanp@si.edu
NR 212
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 8
PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS
PI OAKLAND
PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA
SN 0890-9997
J9 HIST STUD PHYS BIOL
JI Hist. Stud. Phys. Biol. Sci.
PY 2007
VL 37
BP 271
EP 336
DI 10.1525/hsps.2007.37.2.271
PN 2
PG 66
WC History & Philosophy Of Science
SC History & Philosophy of Science
GA 170VI
UT WOS:000246693900005
ER
PT S
AU Winter, FH
AF Winter, Frank H.
BE Winter, FH
TI The East Parking Lot rocket experiments of North American Aviation,
Inc., 1946-1949
SO HISTORY OF ROCKETRY AND ASTRONAUTICS
SE AAS HISTORY SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 33rd History Symposium of the International-Academy-of-Astronautics
CY OCT 04-08, 1999
CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS
SP Int Astronautical Federat
C1 [Winter, Frank H.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER ASTRONAUTICAL SOC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA PUBLICATIONS OFFICE PO BOX 28130, SAN DIEGO, CA 92128 USA
SN 0730-3564
BN 978-0-87703-540-4
J9 AAS HIST S
PY 2007
VL 28
BP 191
EP 218
PG 28
WC Engineering, Aerospace; History & Philosophy Of Science
SC Engineering; History & Philosophy of Science
GA BHD06
UT WOS:000252246200008
ER
PT S
AU Launius, RD
AF Launius, Roger D.
BE Winter, FH
TI Apollo thirtieth anniversary: Two views part 2: Project Apollo in
American memory and myth
SO HISTORY OF ROCKETRY AND ASTRONAUTICS
SE AAS HISTORY SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 33rd History Symposium of the International-Academy-of-Astronautics
CY OCT 04-08, 1999
CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS
SP Int Astronautical Federat
C1 [Launius, Roger D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Space Hist Div, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 53
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASTRONAUTICAL SOC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA PUBLICATIONS OFFICE PO BOX 28130, SAN DIEGO, CA 92128 USA
SN 0730-3564
BN 978-0-87703-540-4
J9 AAS HIST S
PY 2007
VL 28
BP 521
EP 537
PG 17
WC Engineering, Aerospace; History & Philosophy Of Science
SC Engineering; History & Philosophy of Science
GA BHD06
UT WOS:000252246200023
ER
PT S
AU Behrensmeyer, AK
Bobe, R
Alemseged, Z
AF Behrensmeyer, A. K.
Bobe, R.
Alemseged, Z.
BE Bobe, R
Alemseged, Z
Behrensmeyer, AK
TI Approaches to the analysis of faunal change durine the East African
Pliocene
SO HOMININ ENVIRONMENTS IN THE EAST AFRICAN PLIOCENE: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE
FAUNAL EVIDENCE
SE Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Hominid Environments and Paleoecology in the East African
Pliocene
CY MAY, 2004
CL Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC
SP Amer Assoc Phys Anthropol
HO Smithsonian Inst
DE hominin; mammals; paleoecology; paleocommunity; Africa; Turkana;
Kanapoi; Omo
ID RECENT BONE ASSEMBLAGE; TIME RESOLUTION; VERTEBRATE ASSEMBLAGES;
ECOLOGICAL CHANGE; ISOTOPIC EVIDENCE; SPECIES RICHNESS; LATE-QUATERNARY;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTH-AMERICA; OLDUVAI GORGE
AB Vertebrate faunas provide important evidence for the ecological context of evolving hominins over a wide range of scales, from site-specific analysis of taxa directly associated with hominin fossils to faunal trends indicating long-term environmental change that could have affected human evolution. The foundation for all such paleoecological interpretations consists of fossil specimens in their original geological context. Study of fossils in context generates a body of "first-order" evidence consisting of taxonomic identifications of specimens and placement of these taxa in a time/space continuum. Analysis of first-order faunal data in light of additional evidence about taphonomy, sedimentology, geochemistry, and ecomorphology generates a body of "second-order" interpretations. These require additional assumptions and result in evidence for the ecological attributes of a taxon, its habitat, and its temporal and spatial relationships to other taxa. Both first- and second-order data sets can be examined for larger-scale patterns across space and through time. The validity of inferences relating faunal evidence to the ecology of a hominin species requires an additional step, i.e., careful consideration of exactly how the faunal information relates spatially and temporally to hominin remains and archeological sites. Examples of different approaches to using faunal information to infer paleoenviromnental contexts, paleoecological relationships, and long-term ecological trends highlight major issues in faunal analysis and how these relate to understanding the ecological context of human evolution.
C1 [Behrensmeyer, A. K.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol & Evolut Trr Ecosyst Program, POB 37012,NHB MRC 121, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Bobe, R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Anthropol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Alemseged, Z.] Max Planck Inst Evolutionare Anthropol, Dept Human Evolutionary Biol, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
RP Behrensmeyer, AK (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol & Evolut Trr Ecosyst Program, POB 37012,NHB MRC 121, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM behrensa@si.edu; renebobe@uga.edu; zeray@eva.mpg.de
NR 95
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1877-9077
BN 978-1-4020-3097-0
J9 VERTEBR PALEOBIOL PA
JI Vertebr. Paleobiol. Paleoanthropol.
PY 2007
BP 1
EP +
PG 7
WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology
SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology
GA BHA43
UT WOS:000251849900001
ER
PT B
AU Potts, R
AF Potts, R.
BE Bobe, R
Alemseged, Z
Behrensmeyer, AK
TI Environmental hypotheses of Pliocene human evolution
SO HOMININ ENVIRONMENTS IN THE EAST AFRICAN PLIOCENE: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE
FAUNAL EVIDENCE
SE Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Hominid Environments and Paleoecology in the East African
Pliocene
CY MAY, 2004
CL Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC
SP Amer Assoc Phys Anthropol
HO Smithsonian Inst
DE human evolution; Pliocene climate; environment; fauna; climate dynamics;
turnover pulse; variability selection; adaptability
ID EARLY HOMINID PHYLOGENY; MIDDLE AWASH VALLEY;
AUSTRALOPITHECUS-AFARENSIS; EAST-AFRICA; GENUS HOMO; OLORGESAILIE
FORMATION; BODY PROPORTIONS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; OLDUVAI-GORGE; TURKANA
BASIN
AB Substantial evolutionary change in Pliocene hominins affected a suite of behaviors and anatomical features related to mobility, foraging, and diet - all related to the ways in which hominins interacted with their biotic and physical surroundings. The influence of environment on evolutionary change can be stated as a series of hypotheses. Adaptation hypotheses include the following: novel adaptations emerged in hominins and contemporaneous mammals (1) within relatively stable habitats; (2) during progressive shifts from one habitat type to another; and (3) due to significant rises in environmental variability. These ideas further suggest the "adaptability hypothesis": (4) since adaptations potentially evolved in environmentally stable, progressively changing, or highly variable periods, lineages have differed in their ability to endure environmental fluctuation. Thus, extinction of certain adaptations (and lineages) should have corresponded with heightened environmental variability, while new adaptations evolved during those periods should have enabled a lineage to persist (and spread) through a novel range of habitats. Turnover hypotheses, on the other hand, concern the timing and processes of species origination and extinction in multiple clades. These hypotheses state that species turnover; (5) was concentrated in a narrow interval of time related to a major climate shift; (6) spanned several hundred thousand years of climate change, and occurred in a predictable manner dependent on the nature of species adaptations; and (7) took place gradually over a long period as lineages originated, persisted, or went extinct within a changing mosaic of habitats. A separate, biogeographic hypothesis regarding faunal change posits that; (8) substantial climatic and tectonic disruptions resulted in multiple episodes of faunal community formation (assembly) and breakup (disassembly). This assembly-disassembly process may have had profound effects on Pliocene and Pleistocene faunas of Africa and on researchers' ability to infer significant events of faunal evolution from fossil sequences at the basin or sub-basin scale. Since all ideas about environmental effects on evolution depend on temporal correlation, an important challenge is to match faunal sampling to the precessional (similar to 20 Kyr) and obliquity (41 Kyr) scale of Pliocene climate dynamics.
C1 [Potts, R.] Smithsonian Inst, Human Origins Program, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
NR 113
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-1-4020-3097-0
J9 VERTEBR PALEOBIOL PA
JI Vertebr. Paleobiol. Paleoanthropol. Ser.
PY 2007
BP 25
EP 49
DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-3098-7_2
PG 25
WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology
SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology
GA BHA43
UT WOS:000251849900002
ER
PT S
AU Behrensmeyer, AK
Alemseged, Z
Bobe, R
AF Behrensmeyer, A. K.
Alemseged, Z.
Bobe, R.
BE Bobe, R
Alemseged, Z
Behrensmeyer, AK
TI Finale and future - Investigating faunal evidence for hominin
paleoecology in East Africa
SO HOMININ ENVIRONMENTS IN THE EAST AFRICAN PLIOCENE: AN ASSESSMENT OF THE
FAUNAL EVIDENCE
SE Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Hominid Environments and Paleoecology in the East African
Pliocene
CY MAY, 2004
CL Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC
SP Amer Assoc Phys Anthropol
HO Smithsonian Inst
ID KENYA; EVOLUTION; TANZANIA; SITE; AGE
C1 [Behrensmeyer, A. K.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, POB 37012 NHB MRC 121, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Alemseged, Z.] Max Planck Inst Evolutionare Anthropol, Dept Human Evolut, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
[Bobe, R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Anthropol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Behrensmeyer, AK (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, POB 37012 NHB MRC 121, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM behrensa@si.edu; zeray@eva.mpg.de; renebobe@uga.edu
FU National Science FoundationSmithsonian Institution's Evolution of
Terrestrial Ecosystems (ETE) Program [BCS 0422048]; Human Origins
Program; ETE contribution [168]
FX We would like to thank all of the participants in the 2003 AAPA
symposium and the 2004 Smithsonian workshop for freely sharing their
ideas and experiences relating to late Cenozoic faunas. The workshop was
funded by theNational Science Foundation (BCS 0422048) and by the
Smithsonian Institutions Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems (ETE)
Program and Human Origins Program. This is ETE contribution #168
NR 37
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1877-9077
BN 978-1-4020-3097-0
J9 VERTEBR PALEOBIOL PA
JI Vertebr. Paleobiol. Paleoanthropol.
PY 2007
BP 333
EP +
PG 4
WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology
SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology
GA BHA43
UT WOS:000251849900013
ER
PT S
AU Kalfatovie, MR
Shaw, CA
Pilsk, SC
AF Kalfatovie, Martin R.
Shaw, Courtney Anne
Pilsk, Suzanne C.
BE Anderson, KL
TI Open access to legacy taxonomic literature: Index Animalium & The
biodiversity heritage library: Open access to legacy literature
SO IAMSLIC: EVERY CONTINENT, EVERY OCEAN
SE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF AQUATIC AND MARINE SCIENCE, LIBRARIES AND
INFORMATION CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 32nd Annual Conference of the
International-Association-of-Aquatic-and-Marine-Science-Libraries-and-In
formation-Centers
CY OCT 08-12, 2006
CL Portland, OR
SP Int Assoc Aquat & Marine Sci Lib & Informat Ctr
DE Charles Sherborn; Index Animalium; species; taxonomic nomenclature;
digitization; bibliographic references; OCLC WorldCat; Smithsonian
Institution Libraries; National Museum of Natural History; Marine
Biological Laboratory; UBio; Open Content Alliance; Biodiversity
Heritage Library
AB After reviewing taxonomic literature, the principles of nomenclature, and introducing Sherborn's Index Animalium, the speakers talk about going beyond page scanning to data parsing and data mining, thus being able to connect users to the literature they need. The Biodiversity Heritage Library, a project to digitize the monographic and serial taxonomic literature is then discussed.
C1 [Kalfatovie, Martin R.] Smithsonian Inst Lib, Head New Media Off, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU INT ASSOC MARINE SCIENCE LIBRARIES & INFORMATION CENTER
PI FORT PIERCE
PA C/O HBOI LIBRARY, 5600 OLD DIXIE HWY, FORT PIERCE, FL 34946 USA
SN 8755-6332
J9 IAMSLIC C S
PY 2007
VL 32
BP 113
EP 121
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library
Science; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science; Marine &
Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA BHB88
UT WOS:000252106000016
ER
PT J
AU Quantin, C
Mangold, N
Hartmann, WK
Allemand, P
AF Quantin, Cathy
Mangold, Nicolas
Hartmann, William K.
Allemand, Pascal
TI Possible long-term decline in impact rates - 1. Martian geological data
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE cratering; Mars; surface
ID MAIN ASTEROID BELT; INNER SOLAR-SYSTEM; VALLES-MARINERIS; CRATERING
CHRONOLOGY; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; RECENT VOLCANISM; MARS; EVOLUTION; AGES;
LANDSLIDES
AB Quantin et al. [Quantin. C.. Allemand, P., Mangold, N., Delacourt, C., 2004a. Icarus 172, 555-572] tabulated crater count data for 56 landslides along the walls of Valles Marineris. Under the assumption of a constant cratering rate after about 3 Gyr ago, as used in the 1999-2005 iterations of the crater chronology isochron system of Hartmann, and in the Hartmann and Neukum system, these data indicate a regularly increasing rate of landslides. which would be difficult to explain. We suggest that these data may support a decline in inner Solar System cratering rates by about a factor of 3 since 3 Gyr ago, not unlike predictions based on asteroid belt collision models. Such a decline is also supported by our review of data on lunar impact melts and glass spherules in a companion paper [Hartmann, W.K., Quantin, C., Mangold, N., 2007., Icarus 186, 11-23]. Such models produce not only a more uniform rate of landslides over the last 3 Gyr, but also a more uniform rate of resurfacing processes which also had an apparent increase under the assumption of a constant cratering rate. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Lyon 1, ENS Lyon, CNRS, Lab Sci Terre,UMR 5570, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France.
Univ Paris 11, CNRS, UMR8148, F-91405 Orsay, France.
Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
RP Quantin, C (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, POB 37012,MRC 315, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM quantinc@si.edu
RI allemand, pascal/B-3148-2008; Quantin, Cathy/H-1516-2014
NR 56
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 2
U2 10
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 186
IS 1
BP 1
EP 10
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2006.07.008
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 125XA
UT WOS:000243475600001
ER
PT J
AU Zatwarnicki, T
Mathis, WN
AF Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz
Mathis, Wayne N.
TI A revision of the Palearctic species of the shore-fly genus Discomyza
Meigen (Diptera : Ephydridae)
SO INSECT SYSTEMATICS & EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
AB The four Palearctic species of the shore-fly genus Discomyza Meigen are revised, including the description of an undescribed species. The undescribed species, D. baechlii, is found at higher elevations mainly in Austria and Switzerland (type locality: Graubunden: Ausserferrera-Cresta (1300-1670 m; 46 degrees 28'N, 9 degrees 31'E). Three species, D. baechlii, D. incurva, and D. maritima, form a monophyletic species group; the fourth species, D. maculipennis, has only been found in Japan in the Palearctic region and is undoubtedly an introduction from the Oriental region. Lectotypes are designated for: Discomyza amabilis Kertesz, Discomyza pelagica Frauenfeld and Psilopa incurva Fallen.
C1 Opole Univ, Dept Biosyst, PL-45052 Opole, Poland.
Smithsonian Inst, NHB 169, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Zatwarnicki, T (reprint author), Opole Univ, Dept Biosyst, Ul Oleska 22, PL-45052 Opole, Poland.
EM zatwar@uni.opole.pl; mathisw@si.edu
OI Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz/0000-0003-2163-0143
NR 74
TC 2
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU APOLLO BOOKS
PI STENSTRUP
PA KIRKEBY SAND, 19, DK-5771 STENSTRUP, DENMARK
SN 1399-560X
J9 INSECT SYST EVOL
JI Insect Syst. Evol.
PY 2007
VL 38
IS 3
BP 241
EP 266
DI 10.1163/187631207788754448
PG 26
WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology
SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology
GA 234UQ
UT WOS:000251189900001
ER
PT J
AU Fernandez-Marin, H
Zimmerman, JK
Wcislo, WT
AF Fernandez-Marin, H.
Zimmerman, J. K.
Wcislo, W. T.
TI Fungus garden platforms improve hygiene during nest establishment in
Acromyrmex ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Attini)
SO INSECTES SOCIAUX
LA English
DT Article
DE Acromyrmex; nest founding; hygiene; disease; fungus garden; prophylactic
devices
ID PARASITES; DISEASE; PATHOGENS; MUTUALISM; EVOLUTION; BACTERIA; BEHAVIOR
AB Physically isolating organisms from disease agents should reduce the likelihood of disease transmission and infection, and increase survival and growth, particularly in more vulnerable, early ontogenetic stages. During nest founding in fungus-growing ants, foundresses of most genera use a garden platform to isolate the incipient fungal garden from the soil of the underground chamber. We studied nest founding in Acromyrmex octospinosus to test the hypotheses that the use of a platform (rootlets used to suspend the fungus garden): (i) reduces the likelihood that the garden will be contaminated by soil-borne microbial pathogens; (ii) results in more rapid growth of a young colony; and (iii) increases colony survival. We manipulated natural incipient nests to have gardens either in contact with or isolated from soil surrounding the chamber, and nests with and without foundresses present. We found a higher incidence of infection in gardens that were in contact with the chamber soil and without queens, compared with gardens isolated from the chamber soil with and without foundresses. The production of eggs, larvae and pupae, as well as leaf area harvested, were significantly different between nests with and without platforms, but there were no differences in the production of workers nor garden biomass. Likewise, there were no differences between treatments in colony survival rates over 8 weeks. Using smaller incipient gardens, however, gardens with and without platforms differed in survivorship rates after 24 hours. The results indicate that the use of a platform to cultivate an incipient fungal garden is an adaptation to reduce soil-borne diseases and increase colony performance.
C1 Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
Univ Puerto Rico, Inst Trop Ecosyst Studies, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Unit 0948, APO, AA 34002 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama.
RP Fernandez-Marin, H (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, POB 23360, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.
EM hermogenes_f@hotmail.com; WcisloW@si.edu
NR 32
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 5
PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG
PI BASEL
PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 0020-1812
J9 INSECT SOC
JI Insect. Soc.
PY 2007
VL 54
IS 1
BP 64
EP 69
DI 10.1007/s00040-007-0907-z
PG 6
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 141FX
UT WOS:000244565300011
ER
PT J
AU Liu, F
Roubik, DW
He, D
Li, J
AF Liu, F.
Roubik, D. W.
He, D.
Li, J.
TI Old comb for nesting site recognition by Apis dorsata? Field experiments
in China
SO INSECTES SOCIAUX
LA English
DT Article
DE Apis dorsata; China; comb experiments; navigation; migratory tropical
honey bees
ID TRUE NAVIGATION; ENTOMOLOGY; HONEYBEES; MIGRATION; MAP
AB The Asian giant honey bee, Apis dorsata, often conducts seasonal, long-distance migrations in southern China, between a preferred tree (having more than one nest) and alternate sites. Although worker bees cannot make a round-trip journey, colonies re-utilize preferred trees after an absence of several months. We performed comb experiments in which bases and all abandoned combs were entirely scraped off trees and their sites covered with plastic, or comb was moved to trees of the same species. Swarms of giant honey bees investigated trees where combs were removed and continued to nest on the same trees. In contrast, placing combs in nets on previously used trees, or on nearby trees of the same species, did not attract more swarms. The same number of colonies that left them returned to previously occupied trees. Our findings suggest that direct olfactory or sensory contact with old comb bases might regulate nest establishment, but individual trees, lacking normal visual or chemical cues of old nests, are relocated using behavioral devices that remain to be elucidated.
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
Chinese Acad Sci, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Kunming 650223, Peoples R China.
RP Roubik, DW (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
EM flliu@xtbg.ac.cn; roubikd@si.edu
NR 15
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG
PI BASEL
PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 0020-1812
J9 INSECT SOC
JI Insect. Soc.
PY 2007
VL 54
IS 4
BP 424
EP 426
DI 10.1007/s00040-007-0963-4
PG 3
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 239JB
UT WOS:000251513500017
ER
PT J
AU Beane, RJ
Sorensen, SS
AF Beane, Rachel J.
Sorensen, Sorena S.
TI Protolith signatures and element mobility of the Maksyntov Complex
subducted slab, southern Ural Mountains, Russia
SO INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGY REVIEW
LA English
DT Article
ID ARC-CONTINENT COLLISION; PRESSURE MAKSYUTOV COMPLEX; CATALINA SCHIST;
FORE-ARC; CRUSTAL CONTAMINATION; METAMORPHIC COMPLEX; GARNET
AMPHIBOLITES; VOLCANIC-ROCKS; TRACE-ELEMENTS; ISLAND-ARC
AB Geochemical data from the Maksyulov Complex in the southern Ural Mountains provide evidence for the nature of the protoliths of eciogite boudins and sedimentary gneiss from the ultrahigh-pressure metamorphosed (UHPM) subducted slab, and for an evaluation of fluid-mediated mass transfer in the Devonian to Carboniferous subduction zone. Eclogites have major- and trace-element compositions of tholeiitic basalts with enriched mid-ocean ridge basalt (E-MORB) characteristics, whereas sedimentary gneiss resembles continent-derived shales. The geochemical data combined with field relations and Proterozoic protolith ages suggest the eclogite boudins formed as dikes or sills of basalt in sedimentary continental material of the East European platform during the initial opening of the paleo-Uralian ocean. Portions of the mafic boudins show large-ion lithophile-element (LILE) and light-rare-earth element (LREE) enrichment. Fluid transport of the LILE and LREE in the subduction zone seems to have been channelized (or otherwised spatially organized) on a scale of meters, rather than resulting from pervasive fluid flow. The metasomatizing fluids were most likely dehydration fluids produced during prograde metamorphism of sediments or K-altered basalts that were preserved through peak metamorphism and may have transported additional elements during retrograde metasoniatism.
C1 Bowdoin Coll, Dept Geol, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA.
Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Beane, RJ (reprint author), Bowdoin Coll, Dept Geol, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA.
EM rbeane@bowdoin.edu
NR 70
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 4
PU V H WINSTON & SON INC
PI PALM BEACH
PA 360 SOUTH OCEAN BLVD, PH-B, PALM BEACH, FL 33480 USA
SN 0020-6814
J9 INT GEOL REV
JI Int. Geol. Rev.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 49
IS 1
BP 52
EP 72
DI 10.2747/0020-6814.49.1.52
PG 21
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA 123RU
UT WOS:000243314100004
ER
PT J
AU Benfield, SL
Guzman, HM
Mair, JM
Young, JAT
AF Benfield, S. L.
Guzman, H. M.
Mair, J. M.
Young, J. A. T.
TI Mapping the distribution of coral reefs and associated sublittoral
habitats in Pacific Panama: a comparison of optical satellite sensors
and classification methodologies
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID IKONOS DATA; SPECTRAL DISCRIMINATION; BENTHIC COMMUNITIES; EASTERN
PACIFIC; ACCURACY; ISLANDS; IMAGERY; ENVIRONMENTS; MANAGEMENT; SCHEME
AB This research compared the ability of Landsat ETM+, Quickbird and three image classification methods for discriminating amongst coral reefs and associated habitats in Pacific Panama. Landsat ETM+ and Quickbird were able to discriminate coarse and intermediate habitat classes, but this was sensitive to classification method. Quickbird was significantly more accurate than Landsat (14% to 17%). Contextual editing was found to improve the user's accuracy of important habitats. The integration of object-oriented classification with non-spectral information in eCognition produced the most accurate results. This method allowed sufficiently accurate maps to be produced from Landsat, which was not possible using the maximum likelihood classifier. Object-oriented classification was up to 24% more accurate than the maximum likelihood classifier for Landsat and up to 17% more accurate for Quickbird. The research indicates that classification methodology should be an important consideration in coral reef remote sensing. An object-oriented approach to image classification shows potential for improving coral reef resource inventory.
C1 Argyll & Bute Council, Marine & Coastal Dev Unit, Oban PA34 4AR, Argyll, Scotland.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
Heriot Watt Univ, Sch Life Sci, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland.
Heriot Watt Univ, Sch Built Environm, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland.
RP Benfield, SL (reprint author), Argyll & Bute Council, Marine & Coastal Dev Unit, Lorn House,Albany St, Oban PA34 4AR, Argyll, Scotland.
EM sarah.benfield@argyll-bute.gov.uk
NR 40
TC 54
Z9 55
U1 1
U2 19
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0143-1161
J9 INT J REMOTE SENS
JI Int. J. Remote Sens.
PY 2007
VL 28
IS 22
BP 5047
EP 5070
DI 10.1080/01431160701258062
PG 24
WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
GA 223GV
UT WOS:000250358800007
ER
PT J
AU Schwartz, MS
Sadler, PM
AF Schwartz, Marc S.
Sadler, Philip M.
TI Empowerment in science curriculum development: A microdevelopmental
approach
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENCE EDUCATION
LA English
DT Article
ID COGNITIVE-DEVELOPMENT; CONCEPTUAL CHANGE; INSTRUCTION
AB This study characterizes how learning and teaching differs as the responsibility for choosing curriculum goals and the strategies to reach those goals shifts between teacher and the students. Three different pedagogical approaches were used with 125 seventh-grade and eighth-grade students. All three curricula focus on electromagnetism, and were taught by two teachers in different schools over a two-week period. When students had control over the strategies employed to reach goals, their engagement stayed high. All three curricula advanced student understanding to some degree; however, large and significant gains were seen only for the pedagogy in which teachers set the specific learning goals and students had control over how to achieve them. Microdevelopment, a principle by which short-term learning recapitulates the stages seen in long-term developmental growth, is found to be a useful framework for curriculum development and for analyzing changes in student understanding. In general, initial "tinkering" activities are best followed by attempts at representing phenomena, only then to be followed by abstract conceptualization. On balance, we find that students benefit most from freedom to control the procedures that they generate in response to well-structured goals presented by the teacher.
C1 McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 1Y2, Canada.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Schwartz, MS (reprint author), McGill Univ, 3700 McTavish St, Montreal, PQ H3A 1Y2, Canada.
EM marc.schwartz@mcgill.ca
NR 39
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0950-0693
J9 INT J SCI EDUC
JI Int. J. Sci. Educ.
PY 2007
VL 29
IS 8
BP 987
EP 1017
DI 10.1080/09500690600931053
PG 31
WC Education & Educational Research
SC Education & Educational Research
GA 173UH
UT WOS:000246897500003
ER
PT J
AU Rutzler, K
Maldonado, M
Piantoni, C
Riesgo, A
AF Rutzler, Klaus
Maldonado, Manuel
Piantoni, Carla
Riesgo, Ana
TI Iotrochota revisited: a new sponge and review of species from the
western tropical Atlantic (Poecilosclerida : Iotrochotidae)
SO INVERTEBRATE SYSTEMATICS
LA English
DT Review
DE Caribbean coral reefs; distributional ecology; diversity; new species;
Porifera; sympatric distribution; systematic revision
AB The systematics of tropical and subtropical western Atlantic species of Iotrochota is re-examined in light of the discovery of an undescribed species. Iotrochota birotulata (Higgin), the type species, is found to have more characters than previously recognised and is redefined with emphasis on a skeleton of spongin fibres containing stout, curved styles and strongyles (category I) and an interstitial spiculation consisting mainly of longer, slender and straight styles (II). Iotrochota bistylata Boury-Esnault is confirmed as a synonym of the above. The new species, named I. arenosa, sp. nov., differs in external morphology, strong mucus development, incorporation of sand and interstitial spicules that are mainly long, straight strongyles. Iotrochota atra (Whitfield), thought to be a synonym of I. birotulata, is recognised as a separate species occurring exclusively in the Bahamas and is found to be a senior synonym of I. imminuta Pulitzer-Finali; it is morphologically very similar to I. birotulata, but lacks birotulae and has a strongly reduced skeleton of megascleres (mostly one category of delicate strongyles). Iotrochota agglomerata Lehnert & van Soest is recognised as the fourth distinct species for its unusual colour (orange), thinly encrusting habit and special spiculation (styles with tylostylote modifications).
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
CSIC, Dept Aquat Ecol, Blanes 17300, Girona, Spain.
RP Rutzler, K (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, MRC 163, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM ruetzler@si.edu
RI Maldonado, Manuel/J-9331-2012; Riesgo, Ana/E-3341-2014;
OI Riesgo, Ana/0000-0002-7993-1523; Piantoni, Carla/0000-0002-1201-0041
NR 30
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1445-5226
J9 INVERTEBR SYST
JI Invertebr. Syst.
PY 2007
VL 21
IS 2
BP 173
EP 185
DI 10.1071/IS06040
PG 13
WC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology
SC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology
GA 169XD
UT WOS:000246624500004
ER
PT J
AU Mah, C
AF Mah, Christopher
TI Systematics, phylogeny and historical biogeography of the Pentagonaster
clade (Asteroidea : Valvatida : Goniasteridae)
SO INVERTEBRATE SYSTEMATICS
LA English
DT Review
ID SEA STARS ASTEROIDEA; COPES RULE; OXYGEN AVAILABILITY; ANTARCTIC
PENINSULA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BENTHIC FAUNA; ECHINODERMATA; SIZE;
EVOLUTION; SHELF
AB Morphology- based phylogenetic hypotheses developed for living and fossil goniasterid asteroids have provided several unique opportunities to study bathymetric and biogeographic shifts for an ecologically important group of prominent, megafaunal invertebrates. A cladistic analysis of 18 ingroup taxa employing 65 morphological characters resulted in a single most parsimonious tree. The tree supports assignment of the Atlantic Tosia parva ( Perrier, 1881) and the Pacific Tosia queenslandensis Livingstone, 1932 to new, separate genera. The phylogenetic tree supports offshore to onshore bathymetric shifts between basal and derived taxa. The phylogeny is also consistent with historical events surrounding the separation of Antarctica from Australia and South Africa. Buterminaster Blake & Zinsmeister, 1988 from the Eocene La Meseta Formation, Antarctic Peninsula, was included in the phylogenetic analysis and is now supported as the only fossil species in the genus Pentagonaster Gray, 1840. Pentagonaster stibarus H. L. Clark, 1914 is separated from synonymy with P. dubeni Gray, 1847 and resurrected as a valid species. The new genus, Akelbaster, gen. nov., shows unusual new structures that resemble cribiform organs, although their function has not been determined. One specific ingroup lineage, including Tosia and Pentagonaster, attains a much larger adult size than those of its sister- taxa, suggesting that Cope's rule may apply to asteroids within this clade. Pentagonaster and related genera are revised. Descriptions of four new genera and three new species are presented, including: Akelbaster novaecaledoniae, gen. nov., sp. nov., Ryukuaster onnae, gen. nov., sp. nov., Eknomiaster beccae, sp. nov., Pawsonaster parvus, gen. nov., comb. nov. and Anchitosia queenslandensis, gen. nov., comb. nov.
C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Mah, C (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Smithsonian Inst, MRC 163,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM mahch@si.edu
RI Mah, Christopher/B-5771-2008
NR 129
TC 10
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 6
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1445-5226
J9 INVERTEBR SYST
JI Invertebr. Syst.
PY 2007
VL 21
IS 4
BP 311
EP 339
DI 10.1071/IS06049
PG 29
WC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology
SC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology
GA 211ZR
UT WOS:000249563700002
ER
PT J
AU Frazier, J
AF Frazier, J.
TI Sustainable use of wildlife: The view from archaeozoology
SO JOURNAL FOR NATURE CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE archaeology; collaboration; conservation; interdisciplinary;
integration; interpretation; multidisciplinary; zooarchaeology
ID NORTH-AMERICA; RAIN-FOREST; ECOLOGY; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY;
PERSPECTIVE; ARCHAEOLOGY; EXTINCTION; MANAGEMENT; HISTORIES
AB The concept of "sustainable use" is a polemic, especially when referring to wildlife and other "natural resources." Claims vary from persistent overuse to traditional practices of sustaining the resource base. Arguments for either side routinely draw from contemporary situations, relying on relatively short time periods. But, if the notion "sustainable" is to be consequential, the period under consideration must be meaningful - claims that trends over a few years or even decades are representative of tong-term phenomena are questionable, for they depend on numerous untested, if not untestable, assumptions. Research in anthropology, biology, biological conservation, ecology, policy, restoration ecology, social development, and wildlife management is routinely constrained to relatively short time periods, and such results are of limited value for evaluating sustainable use. Archaeozoology provides unique tools for investigating trends in human-resource relations over periods of centuries and millennia; it is one of the few disciptines explicitty dedicated to the study of material evidence over significant time periods that bears directly on the question of sustainable use. Hence, objective, scientific evaluation of sustainable use must contemplate archaeozootogical. evidence.
Yet, archaeozoology often does not provide definitive answers: it is wrought with fundamental problems in sampling, data gathering, analysis, and interpretation (e.g., varying screen sizes; meta-sampling procedures; comparisons across diverse spatial., temporal., and environmental continua; etc.). Typically data must be evaluated through inference, rather than through direct observations and experiments. Moreover, environmental variation (e.g., climate change, sea level change, tectonic movement, etc.), as well as changes in societies, confounds the interpretation of long-term human-environmental trends. But, those challenges are not unique to archaeozoology, for biological and ecological phenomena are no less subject to multiple sources of environmental and social variation. The difference is that archaeologists are patently cognizant of these sources of variability, and they openly debate them when interpreting data, while in other disciptines these sources of change are routinely ignored. Nonetheless, despite the unique relevance of their work, few archaeozoologists have ventured outside their discipline to engage natural scientists and policy makers in issues of biological conservation and wildlife biology, and particularly the root questions of sustainable use. In addition to considering data and hypotheses regarding long-term prehistoric human-wildlife interactions, it is essential to view this information within broader perspectives, linked to other disciplines as well as to contemporary social and policy issues. Because sustainable use is mandated in international instruments and national policies, the notion has relevance in arenas far beyond academia, where archaeozoologists must be integrated into interdisciplinary teams. (c) 2007 Elsevier GmbH. ALL rights reserved.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Conservat & Res Ctr, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Frazier, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Conservat & Res Ctr, Natl Zool Pk, 1500 Remount Rd, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM kurma@shentel.net
NR 79
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 4
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1617-1381
EI 1618-1093
J9 J NAT CONSERV
JI J. Nat. Conserv.
PY 2007
VL 15
IS 3
BP 163
EP 173
DI 10.1016/j.jnc.2007.08.001
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 235HK
UT WOS:000251224100001
ER
PT J
AU Field, MP
LaVigne, M
Murphy, KR
Ruiz, GM
Sherrell, RM
AF Field, M. Paul
LaVigne, Michele
Murphy, Kathleen R.
Ruiz, Gregory M.
Sherrell, Robert M.
TI Direct determination of P, V, Mn, As, Mo, Ba and U in seawater by
SF-ICP-MS
SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry
CY FEB 18-23, 2007
CL Taormina, ITALY
ID PLASMA-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; BALLAST WATER EXCHANGE; SIGNAL ENHANCEMENT;
METHANE ADDITION; INTERFERENCES; VERIFICATION; METALS; URINE; GAS
AB A rapid high-throughput method is presented for the determination of trace elements (P, V, Mn, As, Mo, Ba and U) in seawater with application to tracing ballast water exchange in ocean-going vessels. By employing direct flow injection and methane addition the method is capable of 4700 continuous determinations of ten-fold diluted seawater samples in less than 30 h. The utility and resolution of elemental tracers are enhanced when accuracy and precision are sufficient to provide determination errors that are negligible relative to oceanic variations. Here we demonstrate longterm precision <+/-7% (2-SD) and accuracy within the certified (2-SD) values for NASS-5 (n = 103; ten different analytical dates). Although all our values either agree very well (<5%; V and U) with suggested values or fall within (2-SD; Mn, As and Mo) the certified range of NASS-5, better agreement for Mo is expected. Our determined value of 9.1 mu g L-1 for Mo is more oceanographically consistent and in better agreement with other studies than the certified value (9.6 mg L-1) and likely represents a more accurate value for NASS-5. We also suggest values of 17.7 mg L-1 for P and 5.1 mg L-1 for Ba, two elements that are uncertified and have no listed informative values. The new method could be expanded and applied to other problems in seawater analysis requiring high precision and sample throughput.
C1 Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
Univ New S Wales, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
RP Field, MP (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, 71 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
EM field@imcs.rutgers.edu
RI Murphy, Kathleen/B-8217-2009;
OI Murphy, Kathleen/0000-0001-5715-3604; Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X
NR 16
TC 35
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 9
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0267-9477
J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM
JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom.
PY 2007
VL 22
IS 9
BP 1145
EP 1151
DI 10.1039/b617597j
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 202QE
UT WOS:000248917300027
ER
PT J
AU Agnarsson, I
Coddington, JA
Knoffach, B
AF Agnarsson, Ingi
Coddington, Jonathan A.
Knoffach, Barbara
TI Morphology and evolution of cobweb spider male genitalia (Araneae,
Theridiidae)
SO JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE character homology; congruence; phylogeny; tests of homology; primary
homology
ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; ANELOSIMUS ARANEAE; COPULATORY MECHANISM; SEXUAL
CANNIBALISM; RELATIVES ARANEAE; ARACHNIDA; ARANEOIDEA; HOMOLOGY;
LATRODECTUS; LINYPHIIDAE
AB This study elucidates the homology of elements of the male palps in the spider family Theridiidae. We survey and illustrate 60 species from 29 out of the 86 currently recognized genera representing all subfamilies. The study is buttressed by a phylogenetic framework, and uses a new method to evaluate critically competing homology hypotheses based on various criteria. Among the classic criteria for homology, topology performed better than special similarity, and much better than function. Guided by those results, we propose names for and correspondences among the broad diversity of theridiid palpal tegular sclerites. We discuss the phylogenetic utility and distribution of key palpal characteristics, and evaluate existing evolutionary hypotheses of the theridiid palp and its components.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot & Zool, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ecol, Div Terr Ecol & Taxonomy, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
RP Agnarsson, I (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, NHB-105,PO Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM ingi@zoology.ubc.ca
NR 134
TC 27
Z9 34
U1 0
U2 9
PU AMER ARACHNOLOGICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PARK
PA UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, 4112 PLANT SCIENCES BLDG, COLLEGE PARK,
MD 20742-4454 USA
SN 0161-8202
EI 1937-2396
J9 J ARACHNOL
JI J. Arachnol.
PY 2007
VL 35
IS 2
BP 334
EP 395
DI 10.1636/SH-06-36.1
PG 62
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 211RV
UT WOS:000249541900010
ER
PT J
AU Agnarsson, I
Coddington, JA
May-Collado, LJ
AF Agnarsson, Ingi
Coddington, Jonathan A.
May-Collado, Laura J.
TI Elongated pedicillate setae: A putative sensory system and synapomorphy
of spiders
SO JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE araneae; phylogeny; proprioreception
ID THERIDIIDAE; ARANEAE; LEGS
AB We survey spiders from 43 families, 62 genera, and three arachnid outgroups for the presence and diversity of elongated pedicillate setae (EPS)-a complex system of probably sensory setae hitherto undocumented outside Theridiidae. Although not present in all spiders, these setae are sufficiently widespread to suggest they are primitively present in the order. Because they are absent in related arachnids, they appear to be a synapomorphy of spiders. Based on the morphology and orientation of these setae, it has been suggested that they supplement abdominal slit sensilla in proprioception, documenting the position and movement of the abdomen relative to the cephalothorax. Although still poorly known, the presence and distribution of these setae are informative at lower and higher phylogenetic levels.
C1 [Agnarsson, Ingi; Coddington, Jonathan A.] Smithsonian Inst, Syst Biol Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[May-Collado, Laura J.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Pedro, Costa Rica.
RP Agnarsson, I (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Biol, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
EM iagnarsson@gmail.com
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER ARACHNOLOGICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PARK
PA UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, 4112 PLANT SCIENCES BLDG, COLLEGE PARK,
MD 20742-4454 USA
SN 0161-8202
J9 J ARACHNOL
JI J. Arachnol.
PY 2007
VL 35
IS 3
BP 411
EP 426
DI 10.1636/SH07-01.1
PG 16
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 266XW
UT WOS:000253472200001
ER
PT J
AU Zapata, FA
Robertson, DR
AF Zapata, Fernando A.
Robertson, D. Ross
TI How many species of shore fishes are there in the Tropical Eastern
Pacific?
SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE body-size variation; depth-range effects; faunal richness; geographic
range size; habitat richness; habitat-use effects; shore fishes;
species-description dynamics; Tropical Eastern Pacific
ID BODY-SIZE; BAJA-CALIFORNIA; RICHNESS; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; DISTRIBUTIONS;
BIODIVERSITY; MAGNITUDE; FAUNA; OCEAN
AB Aim To assess whether the total richness of the shore-fish fauna of a discrete biogeographical region can be predicted, and to estimate how long it is likely to take to enumerate that fauna.
Location The Tropical Eastern Pacific (TEP), an isolated biogeographical region with a high level of endemism (72%) among its modestly rich, known fauna of shore fishes (1222 named + 58 known undescribed shallow-water species).
Methods We used patterns in the long-term dynamics and accumulation curves of descriptions of new species, which began in 1758, correlates of these patterns, and the body size-frequency distributions of various ecological groups of the fauna to (1) try to predict the total richness of that fauna, (2) estimate how many species might be missing and what biological characteristics they might have, and (3) estimate how long their discovery and description will take to complete.
Results Accumulation curves for the entire fauna, for all TEP endemics or for reef and soft-bottom species (77.5% of the fauna) are not approaching asymptotes, and their description rates have remained fairly stable over the past century. However, curves for pelagic and multi-habitat species (22.5% of the fauna) may be nearing asymptotes, perhaps because these species are relatively accessible to collection. These curves clearly indicate that the total TEP fauna is substantially richer than the presently known fauna, but do not allow reliable prediction of its richness. Extrapolations from frequency distributions of the body size of different ecological groups of TEP fishes indicate that the entire fauna is at least 12-15% larger than the currently known fauna.
Main conclusions From recent description trends, undiscovered species will tend to be small, have limited geographic and depth ranges, and live in deeper water. Poorly known, priority areas for taxonomic investigation in the TEP include deeper reef habitats, two isolated island groups, and several continental areas with unusual environments. At current levels of traditional taxonomic activity, the description of known unnamed species will take c.15 years, and assessment of the richness of unknown species, which probably number in the hundreds, will take decades.
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
Univ Valle, Dept Biol, Cali 25360, Colombia.
RP Robertson, DR (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Unit 0948, APO AA, Miami, FL 34002 USA.
EM drr@stri.org
NR 63
TC 27
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0305-0270
EI 1365-2699
J9 J BIOGEOGR
JI J. Biogeogr.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 34
IS 1
BP 38
EP 51
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01586.x
PG 14
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA 116GN
UT WOS:000242790600004
ER
PT J
AU Cruz-Rivera, E
Paul, VJ
AF Cruz-Rivera, Edwin
Paul, Valerie J.
TI Chemical deterrence of a cyanobacterial metabolite against generalized
and specialized grazers
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE chemical defense; cyanobacteria; Guam; Lyngbya majuscula; mesograzers;
pitipeptolide
ID LYNGBYA-MAJUSCULA
AB Pitipeptolide A is the major secondary metabolite in a persistent population of the cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula from Guam. Because this cyanobacterium is of low preference to many sympatric consumers, we tested the hypothesis that this compound acted as a chemical defense. Pitipeptolide A was deterrent to urchins, two species of amphipods, and small herbivorous crabs, whereas it did not deter feeding by the sea hare Stylocheilus striatus, which readily consumes cyanobacteria. Although our comparison included various small invertebrates, which are often tolerant to algal chemical defenses, this cyanobacterial compound proved deterrent at natural concentrations to all but one of the consumer species tested. Thus, the production of defensive secondary metabolites is likely related to the common occurrence of L. majuscula on this coral reef despite the abundance of diverse grazers.
C1 Jackson State Univ, Dept Biol, Jackson, MS 39217 USA.
Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA.
RP Cruz-Rivera, E (reprint author), Jackson State Univ, Dept Biol, 1400 JR Lynch St, Jackson, MS 39217 USA.
EM edwin@utmsi.utexas.edu
OI Cruz-Rivera, Edwin/0000-0002-5376-9863
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 53001]
NR 10
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0098-0331
J9 J CHEM ECOL
JI J. Chem. Ecol.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 33
IS 1
BP 213
EP 217
DI 10.1007/s10886-006-9212-y
PG 5
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 119GZ
UT WOS:000243002100018
PM 17063408
ER
PT J
AU Stanley, JD
Bernasconi, MP
Toth, T
Mariottini, S
Iannelli, MT
AF Stanley, Jean-Daniel
Bernasconi, Maria Pia
Toth, Tamas
Mariottini, Stefano
Iannelli, Maria Teresa
TI Coast of ancient Kaulonia (Calabria, Italy): Its submergence, lateral
shifts, and use as a major source of construction material
SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE archaeological material; beach processes; beachrock; building material;
coastline shift; cores; faulting; land uplift; late Holocene; seismic
survey; submerged cape; subsidence; temple; wave erosion
ID HOLOCENE; STRATIGRAPHY; COLLAPSE
AB Divers in the 1980s discovered a large concentration of archaeological material on the seafloor off Kaulonia, a Greek colony on the Ionian coast of southern Italy. It has been proposed that a small hook-shaped cape, now submerged, was present off the site during settlement from about 700 to 389 BC. Since 1992, however, most of Kaulonia's seafloor sector has been buried by a thick (to 4 m) sand cover. This investigation resumes study of Kaulonia's margin by high-resolution seismic survey, analysis of sediment in cores and excavated sections buried along the coast, and petrologic examination of rock used for construction of a temple, the site's major structure. The sector, located in the tectonically active Calabrian are, has been subject to considerable elevation rise of land onshore, and an equivalent rate of seafloor subsidence (similar to 1 mm/yr). A distinct Holocene sequence, composed of beachrock-type sandstone and fluvial-marine-transported conglomerate, in sediment sections landward of the beach can be traced seaward to depths of similar to 7 m about 300 m from the present shoreline. Correlation of the sequence helps define changes of coastline position from before Greek settlement to the present. Rather than a generally progressive migration landward of the shoreline in response to relative sea-level rise, the coast has experienced more complex shifts (sea-to-land, land-to-sea, and return to land) due to up-and-down motion in the sector between the alluvial plain behind the beach and innermost shelf. By the mid-Holocene, the shoreline had advanced seaward, resulting in coastal emergence, and it did not return landward (resubmerging the margin) until after the site's abandonment; submergence was complete by late Roman time. We now recognize a broad arcuate headland, rather than a small hooked cape, seaward of the site similar to 2500 years ago. Without a lagoon, sufficiently deep lake, or man-made port available for protected anchorage, vessels sailing to Kaulonia for trade were either beached or anchored close to shore and, perhaps seasonally, within the mouth of the Assi River. Composition of beachrock-type sandstone in Holocene sections on land is comparable to that offshore and also to sandstone used for temple base construction. Extensive sandstone exposures along this coast may have been one reason why Greeks selected the site for settlement.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Geoarchaeol Program, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Sci Terra, I-87036 Cosenza, Italy.
Geol Explorat & Environm Res Ltd, H-1095 Budapest, Hungary.
Assoc Culturale Kodros, I-00013 Mentana, RM, Italy.
Soprintendenza, I-89100 Reggio Di Calabria, Italy.
RP Stanley, JD (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Geoarchaeol Program, E-205 NMNH, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM stanleyd@si.edu
NR 48
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0749-0208
J9 J COASTAL RES
JI J. Coast. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 23
IS 1
BP 15
EP 32
DI 10.2112/06A-0017.1
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 137ZV
UT WOS:000244333000002
ER
PT J
AU Hayek, LAC
Buzas, MA
Osterman, LE
AF Hayek, Lee-Ann C.
Buzas, Martin A.
Osterman, Lisa E.
TI Community structure of foraminiferal communities within temporal
biozones from the western Arctic Ocean
SO JOURNAL OF FORAMINIFERAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID SHE ANALYSIS; ABUNDANCE
AB Community structure is often an overlooked dimension of biodiversity. Knowledge of community structure, the statistical distribution of the relative species abundance vector, makes possible comparisons and contrasts across time, space and/or environmental conditions. Our results indicate that species of Arctic foraminifera in age-correlated cores from abyssal depths are each best described by log-series distributions. Using this structural information, we were able to determine that structural stability exists for at least 50 ka. The foraminiferal communities in this study show remarkable concordance, distributional similarity and support the neutral theory of biodiversity.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Hayek, LAC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM hayekl@si.edu
NR 28
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 2
PU CUSHMAN FOUNDATION FORAMINIFERAL RES
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA MUSEUM COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, DEPT INVERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY 26 OXFORD ST,
HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA
SN 0096-1191
J9 J FORAMIN RES
JI J. Foraminifer. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 37
IS 1
BP 33
EP 40
DI 10.2113/gsjfr.37.1.33
PG 8
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 139LR
UT WOS:000244433800006
ER
PT J
AU Jett, JA
AF Jett, Jennifer A.
TI Recent literature on foraminifera
SO JOURNAL OF FORAMINIFERAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Bibliography
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, MRC 121, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Jett, JA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, MRC 121, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU CUSHMAN FOUNDATION FORAMINIFERAL RES
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA MUSEUM COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, DEPT INVERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY 26 OXFORD ST,
HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA
SN 0096-1191
J9 J FORAMIN RES
JI J. Foraminifer. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 37
IS 1
BP 90
EP 91
DI 10.2113/gsjfr.37.1.90
PG 2
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 139LR
UT WOS:000244433800010
ER
PT J
AU Myers, SH
AF Myers, Susan H.
TI The Smithsonian Institution and American glass manufacturers, 1886-1896
SO JOURNAL OF GLASS STUDIES
LA English
DT Article
AB In a climate of rapid industrial development in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the Smithsonian Institution established a Department of Arts and Industries in its United States National Museum, which opened in 1881. A centerpiece of collecting for the new department was the acquisition of contemporary manufactured goods, including American glass. Companies readily provided examples of their current glassware and sometimes also donated items such as tools or photographs in keeping with the museum's interest in creating educational exhibitions for public display. These collections, and the correspondence that accompanies them, offer an important, tightly datable glimpse of American glass and of the museum's concerns of the period.
This article discusses the earliest phase of this collecting, between 1886 and 1896, in which the New England Glass Company donated examples of its new "Pomona" glass, three Pittsburgh area glassmakers provided colored, pressed, and cut glass, and the museum acquired 39 examples of Louis Comfort Tiffany's new Favrile glass.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Home & Community Life, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Myers, SH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Home & Community Life, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM shm141@msn.com
NR 38
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU CORNING MUSEUM GLASS
PI CORNING
PA CORNING GLASS CENTER, CORNING, NY 14831 USA
SN 0075-4250
J9 J GLASS STUD
JI J. Glass Stud.
PY 2007
VL 49
BP 207
EP +
PG 25
WC Art
SC Art
GA 215QG
UT WOS:000249823500014
ER
PT J
AU Vollmer, SV
Palumbi, SR
AF Vollmer, Steven V.
Palumbi, Stephen R.
TI Restricted gene flow in the Caribbean staghorn coral Acropora
cervicomis: Implications for the recovery of endangered reefs
SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY
LA English
DT Article
ID WHITE-BAND DISEASE; GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; POPULATION-STRUCTURE;
POCILLOPORA-DAMICORNIS; BUILDING CORAL; GENOTYPIC DIVERSITY; SPECIES
BOUNDARIES; RYUKYU ARCHIPELAGO; LARVAL DISPERSAL; WESTERN PACIFIC
AB Coral reef conservation requires information about the distance over which healthy reefs can rescue damaged reefs through input of coral larvae. This information is desperately needed in the Caribbean where the 2 dominant shallow water corals Acropora cervicornis and Acropora palmata have suffered unprecedented declines. Here we compare the population genetic structure in the staghorn coral A. cervicornis across the greater Caribbean using DNA sequence data from 1 mitochondrial and 3 nuclear genes. Data from 160 individuals from 22 populations and 9 regions show that A. cervicornis exhibits significant population genetic structure across the greater Caribbean in both the mitochondrial (Phi(st) = 0.130) and nuclear data (Phi(st) = 0.067). The highest population structure was observed in the species' own, native mtDNA haplotypes (Phi(st) = 0.235). Introgressed alleles from A. palmata tempered higher population structure in A. cervicornis over regional scales but in some cases generated highly localized "introgression hot spots" and fine-scale genetic structure among reefs separated by as few as 2 km. These data show that larval dispersal over moderate or long distances (> 500 km) is limited for this threatened species and in some cases locally limited as well. Thus, the endangered Caribbean staghorn corals require local source populations for their recovery and targeted conservation efforts over spatial scales much smaller than the hundreds to thousands of kilometers usually proposed for marine reserves.
C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Stanford Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Vollmer, SV (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, 16 Divin Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM vollmers@si.edu
NR 84
TC 80
Z9 84
U1 1
U2 26
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-1503
J9 J HERED
JI J. Hered.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 98
IS 1
BP 40
EP 50
DI 10.1093/jhered/esl057
PG 11
WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 127KX
UT WOS:000243585900005
PM 17158464
ER
PT J
AU Li, C
Wilkerson, RC
AF Li, Cong
Wilkerson, Richard C.
TI Intragenomic rDNA ITS2 variation in the neotropical Anopheles
(Nyssorhynchus) albitarsis complex (Diptera : Culicidae)
SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENES; INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED
SPACER-2; MALARIA VECTOR; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; NUNEZTOVARI DIPTERA;
COMPARATIVE SUSCEPTIBILITY; SPECIES DIPTERA; DNA; MOSQUITOS
AB We cloned and sequenced the rDNA internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of 4 species belonging to the neotropical Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) albitarsis complex, that is, A. albitarsis; A. albitarsis B; Anopheles marajoara, a proven malaria vector; and Anopheles deaneorum, a suspected vector. Even though the ITS2 sequences of these species were very similar (<= 1.17% divergence), we found differences suitable for species identification and intragenomic variation of possible consequence in phylogenetic reconstruction. Variation came from 2 microsatellite regions and a number of indels and base substitutions. The existence of partially correlated subsets of clones in A. albitarsis is hypothesized either to be separate rDNA loci or to be semi-independently evolving portions of a single rDNA locus. No differences were found between males and females, suggesting that similar rDNA arrays exist on both the X and Y chromosomes. In addition, highly variant clones, possibly pseudogenes, were found in A. marajoara from Venezuela.
C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RP Wilkerson, RC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
EM wilkersonr@si.edu
FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI R0154139]
NR 54
TC 40
Z9 42
U1 0
U2 6
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-1503
EI 1465-7333
J9 J HERED
JI J. Hered.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 98
IS 1
BP 51
EP 59
DI 10.1093/jhered/esl037
PG 9
WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 127KX
UT WOS:000243585900006
PM 17158469
ER
PT J
AU Javonillo, R
Burns, JR
Weitzman, SH
AF Javonillo, Robert
Burns, John R.
Weitzman, Stanley H.
TI Reproductive morphology of Brittanichthys axelrodi (Teleostei :
Characidae), a miniature inseminating fish from South America
SO JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Characidae; spermatozoa; spermatozeugmata; sperm ultrastructure;
reproduction
ID MIMAGONIATES-BARBERI TELEOSTEI; CILIARY ROOTLET; GLANDULOCAUDINAE;
TESTIS; SPERMATOZEUGMATA; SPERMATOGENESIS; SPERMIOGENESIS;
ULTRASTRUCTURE; CHEIRODONTINAE; FERTILIZATION
AB Light and electron microscopy were used to investigate the morphology of reproductive characters in a characid fish, Brittanichthys axelrodi. Spermatozoa were found in ovaries of females, thereby confirming insemination in this species. Bony hooks can be found on the fourth unbranched ray and branched rays 1-4 of the anal fin and the unique sigmoidally-curved ray of the caudal fin in mature males. Testes have three distinct regions: an anterior spermatogenic region, an aspermatogenic middle region lined with a simple squamous epithelium and used for storage of mature spermatozoa, and a posterior region of coiled chambers lined with a high simple cuboidal epithelium. The most posterior region appears to be instrumental in the formation and storage of spermatozeugmata, unencapsulated sperm packets. Thus far, this tripartite testis morphology is unique among characids. The mature spermatozoon has an elongate nucleus (similar to 5 mu m in length). A striated rootlet originates at the anterior end of the distal centriole and continues to the anterior tip of the cell. The striated rootlet wraps around the entire ventral area of the anterior part of the nucleus and appears to continue around the anterior tip of the nucleus and down the dorsal side as electron-dense material. Several large, spherical mitochondria (similar to 0.6 mu m in diameter) with lamellar cristae overlap the posterior end of the nucleus and continue beyond together with the cytoplasmic collar that contains the flagellum which lacks axonemal fins. Each spermatozeugma is lanceolate in shape when sectioned mid-sagitally, with the core staining positively for mucopolysaccharides. In both sexes, the gonopore opens posterior to the anus, with the urinary pore having a separate opening posterior to the gonopore. Bands of skeletal muscle were found in the area of the male gonopore. These morphological features are likely linked to the reproductive mode of insemination, a trait that is so far as known, relatively rare among teleost fishes, but is proving increasingly frequent among certain groups of characid fishes.
C1 George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Div Fishes, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Javonillo, R (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lisner Hall 340,2023 G St NW, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
EM rjavonil@gwu.edu
NR 40
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 2
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0362-2525
J9 J MORPHOL
JI J. Morphol.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 268
IS 1
BP 23
EP 32
DI 10.1002/jmor.10500
PG 10
WC Anatomy & Morphology
SC Anatomy & Morphology
GA 123BU
UT WOS:000243272100003
PM 17146774
ER
PT J
AU Moreno, K
Carrano, MT
Snyder, R
AF Moreno, Karen
Carrano, Matthew T.
Snyder, Rebecca
TI Morphological changes in pedal phalanges through ornithopod dinosaur
evolution: A biomechanical approach
SO JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biomechanics; functional morphology; kinematics; foot; finite element
analysis; trabecular structure; stress distribution
ID NON-AVIAN DINOSAURS; TRABECULAR ARCHITECTURE; LIMB POSTURE; MAMMALS;
LOCOMOTION; BIRDS; MASS; MECHANICS; PATTERNS; STRAINS
AB The evolution of ornithopod dinosaurs provides a well-documented example of the transition from digitigrady to subunguligrady. During this transition, the ornithopod pes was drastically altered from the plesiomorphic dinosaurian morphology (four digits, claw-shaped unguals, strongly concavo-convex joints, phalanges longer than wide, excavated collateral ligament fossae, presence of sagittal ridge, and prominent processes for the attachment of tendons) to a more derived condition (tridactyly, modification of the unguals into hooves, phalanges wider and thinner than long, lack of collateral ligament fossae, loss of sagittal ridge and tendon attachment processes, relatively flattened articular surfaces). These changes are particularly noteworthy given the overall conservatism in pedal morphology seen across Dinosauria. But what are the ftinctional consequences of these specific morphological transitions? To study them, we examine a wide range of pedal morphologies in four non-avian dinosaurs and two birds. Our analyses of the external morphology, two-dimensional models (using Finite Element Analysis), and internal bone structure demonstrate that this evolutionary shift was accompanied by a loss of digit mobility and flexibility. In addition, pedal posture was modified to better align the pes with the main direction of the ground reaction force, thus becoming well suited to support high loads. These conclusions can be applied to other, parallel evolutionary changes (in both dinosaurs and mammals) that involved similar transitions to a subunguligrade posture.
C1 Univ Bristol, Dept Earth Sci, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Appl Morphometr Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Moreno, K (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Biol Bldg D26,Room 558, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
EM dinohuella@yahoo.com
RI Moreno, Karen/B-6127-2009; Carrano, Matthew/C-7601-2011
OI Moreno, Karen/0000-0002-5949-133X; Carrano, Matthew/0000-0003-2129-1612
NR 37
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0362-2525
EI 1097-4687
J9 J MORPHOL
JI J. Morphol.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 268
IS 1
BP 50
EP 63
DI 10.1002/jmor.10498
PG 14
WC Anatomy & Morphology
SC Anatomy & Morphology
GA 123BU
UT WOS:000243272100005
PM 17146773
ER
PT J
AU Kandlikar, M
Ramachandran, G
Maynard, A
Murdock, B
Toscano, WA
AF Kandlikar, Milind
Ramachandran, Gurumurthy
Maynard, Andrew
Murdock, Barbara
Toscano, William A.
TI Health risk assessment for nanoparticles: A case for using expert
judgment
SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE nanoparticle health risks; deep uncertainty; parametric uncertainty;
model uncertainty; probabilistic expert judgment; degree of expert
consensus; occupational health
ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; ULTRAFINE PARTICLE DEPOSITION; POORLY SOLUBLE
PARTICLES; DAILY MORTALITY; EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT; SURFACE-AREA; LUNG
INJURY; HUMAN VOLUNTEERS; CARBON-BLACK; TRANSITION-METALS
AB Uncertainties in conventional quantitative risk assessment typically relate to values of parameters in risk models. For many environmental contaminants, there is a lack of sufficient information about multiple components of the risk assessment framework. In such cases, the use of default assumptions and extrapolations to fill in the data gaps is a common practice. Nanoparticle risks, however, pose a new form of risk assessment challenge. Besides a lack of data, there is deep scientific uncertainty regarding every aspect of the risk assessment framework: (a) particle characteristics that may affect toxicity; (b) their fate and transport through the environment; (c) the routes of exposure and the metrics by which exposure ought to be measured; (d) the mechanisms of translocation to different parts of the body; and (e) the mechanisms of toxicity and disease. In each of these areas, there are multiple and competing models and hypotheses. These are not merely parametric uncertainties but uncertainties about the choice of the causal mechanisms themselves and the proper model variables to be used, i.e., structural uncertainties. While these uncertainties exist for PM2.5 as well, risk assessment for PM2.5 has avoided dealing with these issues because of a plethora of epidemiological studies. However, such studies don't exist for the case of nanoparticles. Even if such studies are done in the future, they will be very specific to a particular type of engineered nanoparticle and not generalizable to other nanoparticles. Therefore, risk assessment for nanoparticles will have to deal with the various uncertainties that were avoided in the case of PM2.5. Consequently, uncertainties in estimating risks due to nanoparticle exposures may be characterized as 'extreme'. This paper proposes a methodology by which risk analysts can cope with such extreme uncertainty. One way to make these problems analytically tractable is to use expert judgment approaches to study the degree of consensus and/or disagreement between experts on different parts of the exposure-response paradigm. This can be done by eliciting judgments from a wide range of experts on different parts of the risk causal chain. We also use examples to illustrate how studying expert consensus/disagreement helps in research prioritization and budget allocation exercises. The expert elicitation can be repeated over the course of several years, over which time, the state of scientific knowledge will also improve and uncertainties may possibly reduce. Results from expert the elicitation exercise can be used by risk managers or managers of funding agencies as a tool for research prioritization.
C1 Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Minneapolis, MN USA.
Univ British Columbia, Inst Resource Environm & Sustainabil, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
Woodrow Wilson Int Ctr Scholars, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Ramachandran, G (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Minneapolis, MN USA.
EM ramac002@umn.edu
RI Maynard, Andrew/D-1076-2010;
OI Maynard, Andrew/0000-0003-2117-5128
NR 119
TC 70
Z9 73
U1 2
U2 33
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1388-0764
J9 J NANOPART RES
JI J. Nanopart. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 9
IS 1
BP 137
EP 156
DI 10.1007/s11051-006-9154-x
PG 20
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials
Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 121XG
UT WOS:000243189700014
ER
PT J
AU Buffington, ML
AF Buffington, Matthew L.
TI The occurrence and phylogenetic implications of the ovipositor clip
within the Figitidae (Insecta : Hymenoptera : Cynipoidea)
SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY
LA English
DT Article
DE Koinobiont; morphology; parasitoid
ID ANACHARIS-MELANONEURA HYMENOPTERA; LARVAL-PUPAL PARASITOIDS;
DUNG-BREEDING DIPTERA; FACE FLY; HORN FLY; FORSTER HYMENOPTERA;
CERATITIS-CAPITATA; MUSCA-AUTUMNALIS; COSTA-RICA; EUCOILIDAE
AB The presence of the ovipositor clip is surveyed throughout Figitidae. This morphological structure is postulated to restrain the parasitoid host during oviposition. All Figitinae and Eucoilinae that attack semi-concealed dipterous hosts were found to possess the clip. Figitids that attack fully concealed hosts all lacked the ovipositor clip. It is hypothesized here that two subfamilies, the Anacharitinae and Aspicerinae, attack fully exposed hosts yet lack the clip in order to quickly oviposit and prevent fighting with the host. Mapping of the presence/absence of the ovipositor clip on to two competing phylogenies suggests this structure evolved in parallel in Figitinae and Eucoilinae. The evolution of the ovipositor clip is probably responsible for the successful colonization of semi- concealed dipterous larvae by Eucoilinae.
C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
RP Buffington, ML (reprint author), USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Smithsonian NMNH, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM matt.buffington@ars.usda.gov
NR 63
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0022-2933
J9 J NAT HIST
JI J. Nat. Hist.
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 33-36
BP 2267
EP 2282
DI 10.1080/00222930701579732
PG 16
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 223RC
UT WOS:000250389000005
ER
PT J
AU Baeza, JA
Reitz, JM
Collin, R
AF Baeza, Juan Antonio
Reitz, Jennifer M.
Collin, Rachel
TI Protandric simultaneous hermaphroditism and sex ratio in Lysmata
nayaritensis Wicksten, 2000 (Decapoda : Caridea)
SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY
LA English
DT Article
DE Caridea; Decapoda; Lysmata; protandry; sex allocation; sex change;
simultaneous hermaphroditism
ID MARINE SHRIMP; SYSTEM; HIPPOLYTIDAE; ALLOCATION; EVOLUTION
AB Caridean shrimps display a wide variety of sexual systems, including the newly discovered protandric simultaneous hermaphroditism. Protandric simultaneous hermaphroditism is known only from seven species of Lysmata, and it is not clear if this condition is fixed within the genus or if Lysmata includes species that are simply protandric or gonochoric (with separate sexes). This study uses anatomical data, aquarium experiments, and field observations to demonstrate that Lysmata nayaritensis is another protandric simultaneous hermaphrodite. It is shown that, despite occurring in the tropics, this species fits into the "crowd'' species category, with high densities in the field and that the field sex ratio is highly male-biased. Information on the sex allocation and sexual system of more species needs to be examined before these observations can be put into a comparative context within the genus.
C1 [Baeza, Juan Antonio; Reitz, Jennifer M.; Collin, Rachel] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
[Baeza, Juan Antonio] Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
[Reitz, Jennifer M.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Baeza, JA (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Unit 0948, APO, AA 34002 USA.
EM baezaa@si.edu
RI Collin, Rachel/G-2001-2010;
OI Collin, Rachel/0000-0001-5103-4460; Baeza, Juan
Antonio/0000-0002-2573-6773
NR 17
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0022-2933
J9 J NAT HIST
JI J. Nat. Hist.
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 45-48
BP 2843
EP 2850
DI 10.1080/00222930701770778
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 247EI
UT WOS:000252059700005
ER
PT J
AU Matthew, S
Ross, C
Rocca, JR
Paul, VJ
Luesch, H
AF Matthew, Susan
Ross, Cliff
Rocca, James R.
Paul, Valerie J.
Luesch, Hendrik
TI Lyngbyastatin 4, a dolastatin 13 analogue with elastase and chymotrypsin
inhibitory activity from the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya confervoides
SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROCYSTIS-AERUGINOSA; OSCILLATORIA-AGARDHII; PROTEASE INHIBITORS;
SCYPTOLIN-A; OSCILLAPEPTIN; BLOOM
AB Lyngbyastatin 4 (1), a new depsipeptide containing the unusual amino acid homotyrosine and a 3-amino-6-hydroxy-2-piperidone (Ahp) residue, was isolated from a collection of the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya confervoides off the Florida Atlantic coast. Its gross structure was determined by NMR spectroscopy, and the configurations of asymmetric centers were assigned after chiral HPLC analysis of hydrolysis products. Lyngbyastatin 4 1) is an analogue of the sea hare isolate dolastatin 13 and several marine cyanobacterial metabolites, further supporting the notion that many of the dolastatins are of cyanobacterial origin. Lyngbyastatin 4 (1) selectively inhibits elastase and chymotrypsin in vitro over other serine proteases with IC50 values of 0.03 and 0.30 mu M, respectively.
C1 Univ Florida, Dept Med Chem, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
Univ Florida, McKnight Brain Inst, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
RP Luesch, H (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Med Chem, 1600 SW Archer Rd,Smithsonian Marine Stn,701 Seaw, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
EM luesch@cop.ufl.edu
RI Matthew, Susan/E-3817-2012; Ross, Cliff/B-8291-2011
NR 23
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 2
U2 19
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0163-3864
J9 J NAT PROD
JI J. Nat. Prod.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 70
IS 1
BP 124
EP 127
DI 10.1021/np060471k
PG 4
WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 129MZ
UT WOS:000243734900026
PM 17253864
ER
PT J
AU Lokvam, J
Clausen, TP
Grapov, D
Coley, PD
Kursar, TA
AF Lokvam, John
Clausen, Thomas P.
Grapov, Dmitry
Coley, Phyllis D.
Kursar, Thomas A.
TI Galloyl depsides of tyrosine from young leaves of Inga laurina
SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS
LA English
DT Article
AB In addition to the free protein amino acid L-tyrosine, the expanding young leaves of Inga laurina accumulate high concentrations of three new depsides, galloyl, m-digalloyl, and m-trigalloyl L-tyrosine (1, 2, and 3). The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of their spectroscopic properties and through degradation and derivatization experiments. They occur in young leaves at the following dry-weight mass percentages: tyrosine, 10.4%; 1, 3.1%; 2, 5.0%; 3, 1.3%. These concentrations are most consistent with chemical defense during the vulnerable expansion stage of leaf development. Neither free tyrosine nor its galloyl depsides are present in mature leaves.
C1 Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, U0948, APO, AA 34002 USA.
RP Lokvam, J (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Biol, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
EM lokvam@biology.utah.edu
NR 15
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0163-3864
J9 J NAT PROD
JI J. Nat. Prod.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 70
IS 1
BP 134
EP 136
DI 10.1021/np060491m
PG 3
WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 129MZ
UT WOS:000243734900029
PM 17253867
ER
PT J
AU Cheetham, AH
Sanner, J
Jackson, JBC
AF Cheetham, Alan H.
Sanner, Joann
Jackson, Jeremy B. C.
TI Metrarabdotos and related genera (Bryozoa : Cheilostomata) in the late
Paleogene and Neogene of tropical America
SO JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID QUANTITATIVE GENETICS; PHENOTYPIC EVOLUTION; STRATIGRAPHIC RANGES;
ARBORESCENT ANIMALS; TEMPO; MORPHOLOGY; GROWTH; DIFFERENTIATION;
SPECIATION; SELECTION
AB Metrarabdotos Canu, 1914 and the related genera Escharoides Milne Edwards, 1836b, Adeonellopsis MacGillivray, 1886, and Reptadeonella Busk, 1884 were key taxa in the decline of Bryozoa with erect, arborescent colonies and concomitant increase in numbers of species with encrusting colonies in the late Paleogene and Neogene of tropical America. In particular, the abundance, continuity of occurrence, and diversity of Metrarabdotos before its decline have made this genus, over the past 20 years, a model taxon for detailed morphometric studies of fine-scale evolutionary tempo and mode. During the same period, significant new occurrences of both Metrarabdotos and its near relatives have been documented with detailed collections from tropical American areas not represented in the original studies.
In this paper we present a complete reanalysis of the original morphometric data (Cheetham, 1986a), incorporating the new tropical American material and comparative material of selected Metrarabdotos species from Europe and Africa in order to formalize the taxonomy of the genus, many species of which have been in open nomenclature since 1986, and to explore their possible phylogenetic relationships to each other and to Escharoides, Adeonellopsis, and Reptadeonella. The new analysis, with procedures slightly modified from those used in the original analysis, is based on more than twice the number of specimens and 20% more morphological characters. Although the results include changes in species assignments for 13% of the specimens in the original analysis, the pattern of intraspecific morphological stasis previously identified in the tropical American Neogene species, and thus the concomitant interpretation of evolutionary tempo and mode, are unaltered.
Cladistic analysis resulted in a single most parsimonious tree for the 22 tropical American Metrarabdotos species, arranged in two monophyletic crown groups and a paraphyletic stem group. The stem group, ranging from latest Eocene to late Early or early Middle Miocene in age, includes four species, two of which are new: M. aguilerai from Venezuela and M. hispaniolae from the Dominican Republic and Haiti. Crown group A comprises seven species occurring in deposits of Late Miocene to Recent age, four of which are new: M. arawakorum from Venezuela; M. boldi and M. saundersi from the Dominican Republic; and M. coatesi, which occurs in the Dominican Republic, Costa Rica, and Panama. Crown group B, comprising I I species, ranges from Early Miocene to Recent and includes five new species: M. cubaguaense from Venezuela; M. vokesorum from the Dominican Republic, Costa Rica, and Panama: and M. tainorum, M. jungi, and M. lopezense from the Dominican Republic. Incorporation of six European and African (eastern Atlantic) species, ranging in age from Early Miocene to Recent, into cladograms with the tropical American species produced more variable results in terms of both numbers of alternative trees and the positions of the tropical American species in them. One of these species, M. thomseni from the Pleistocene of Greece, and possibly a second, M. cf. M. maleckii Cheetham, 1968 from the Miocene of the Czech Republic, are new. With one exception, the eastern Atlantic species were placed in more or less basal positions in one or the other of the crown groups, suggesting that, as hypothesized by Cheetham (1968), the "Old World" and "New World" species of Metrarabdotos represent largely independent radiations. The exception is the living species M. cookae Cheetham, 1968, from West Africa and the Cape Verde Islands, which is placed unequivocally in a terminal position in crown group B. Although the three groups of tropical American species correspond in part to subgenera of Metrarabdotos erected by Cheetham (1968), the paraphyly of the stem group and the unresolved identity of the type species of the subgenus apparently corresponding to crown group A suggest that formalizing the taxonomy of these groups is unwarranted at present.
A further cladistic analysis, incorporating the three groups of Metrarabdotos species and Escharoides, Adeonellopsis, and Reptadeonella, yielded two trees, both of which support Cheetham's (1968) hypothesis that Metrarabdotos is more closely related to Escharoides than to Adeonellopsis and Reptadeonella. Escharoides is represented in tropical American Neogene deposits by two species, one of which, E. guraboensis from the Dominican Republic, is new. Of the six tropical American Neogene species of Adeonellopsis, four are new: A. cribrospiramen and A. guraboensis from the Dominican Republic, A. limonensis from Costa Rica, and A. antilleana from Cuba and Jamaica. Three of the six tropical American Neogene species of Reptadeonella, R. buddae from the Dominican Republic, R. collinsae from the Dominican Republic, Panama, Costa Rica, and the southeastern United States, and R. buricaensis from Panama, are also new.
C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Div Res, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Ecol & Archeol, Balboa, Panama.
RP Cheetham, AH (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC USA.
EM cheetham@si.edu; sannerj@si.edu; jbcj@ucsd.edu
NR 143
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 4
PU PALEONTOLOGICAL SOC INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0022-3360
J9 J PALEONTOL
JI J. Paleontol.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 81
IS 1
SU S
BP 1
EP 96
DI 10.1666/0022-3360(2007)81[1:MARGBC]2.0.CO;2
PG 96
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 129KE
UT WOS:000243727600001
ER
PT J
AU Stark, G
Yoshino, K
Smith, PL
Ito, K
AF Stark, G.
Yoshino, K.
Smith, P. L.
Ito, K.
TI Photoabsorption cross section measurements of CO2 between 106.1 and
118.7 nm at 295 and 195 K
SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER
LA English
DT Article
DE ultraviolet photoabsorption cross sections; planetary atmospheres
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; ABSORPTION-SPECTRUM;
OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; EXCITED-STATES; ATMOSPHERE; RYDBERG; IONIZATION;
EXCITATION; VALENCE
AB High-resolution vacuum ultraviolet carbon dioxide photoabsorption cross sections are required for modeling airglow emissions from the Martian and Venusian atmospheres and for photochemical models of those atmospheres. We report cross section measurements on CO2 at 295 and 195 K between 106.1 and 118.7 nm at a spectral resolution of 0.005 nm. Significant deviations from the results of previous, lower-resolution measurements are apparent, particularly in regions of sharp spectral structure. Temperature dependence in the photoabsorption cross sections is evident throughout the region, being especially pronounced at wavelengths greater than 113 nm. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Wellesley Coll, Dept Phys, Wellesley, MA 02481 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
High Energy Accelerator Res Org, Photon Factory, Inst Mat Struct Sci, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan.
RP Stark, G (reprint author), Wellesley Coll, Dept Phys, Wellesley, MA 02481 USA.
EM gstark@wellesley.edu
NR 36
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 16
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0022-4073
J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA
JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 103
IS 1
BP 67
EP 73
DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2006.07.001
PG 7
WC Optics; Spectroscopy
SC Optics; Spectroscopy
GA 108KV
UT WOS:000242239600006
ER
PT J
AU Dove, CJ
Rijke, AM
Wang, XF
Andrews, LS
AF Dove, Carla J.
Rijke, Arie M.
Wang, Xuefeng
Andrews, Lester S.
TI Infrared analysis of contour feathers - The conservation of body heat
radiation in birds
SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE infrared spectra; feather ultrastructure; birds; body heat conservation
and radiation; thermal regulation; Christiansen effect
ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; IDENTIFICATION
AB 1. We examined infrared absorption spectra in contour feathers of 10 species of birds to compare infrared features of the downy and pennaceous regions with the mechanisms of conservation of body heat radiation.
2. At 1700cm(-1) a sharp increase in transmittance was observed for downy parts, but not for the distal pennaceous regions.
3. The transmittance peak for down may be significant in the conservation of radiation heat: the 1700 cm(-1) radiation transmitted by the down is scattered and reflected by the pennaceous region of the contour feather, thereby containing the heat radiation within the feather coat. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Univ Virginia, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
Univ Virginia, Dept Chem, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
RP Dove, CJ (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, NHB E-600,MRC 116,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM dovec@si.edu
NR 20
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 16
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0306-4565
J9 J THERM BIOL
JI J. Therm. Biol.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 32
IS 1
BP 42
EP 46
DI 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2006.07.005
PG 5
WC Biology; Zoology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology
GA 128LV
UT WOS:000243660100006
ER
PT J
AU Wells, K
Smales, LR
Kalko, EKV
Pfeiffer, M
AF Wells, Konstans
Smales, Lesley R.
Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.
Pfeiffer, Martin
TI Impact of rain-forest logging on helminth assemblages in small mammals
(Muridae, Tupaiidae) from Borneo
SO JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE host-parasite interactions; infection risk; helminths; parasite
diversity; logging; small mammals
ID PARASITE SPECIES RICHNESS; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; TREE DIVERSITY; SEED
PREDATION; BODY-MASS; COMMUNITIES; POPULATION; NEMATODES; DYNAMICS;
DISEASE
AB Parasites are ubiquitous in wild animals, with host-specific life histories considered its major determinants of prevalence and parasite assemblage patterns. It is predicted that habitat differences in logged rain forests influence population performances of small mammals and consequently May change the infection patterns of local animal populations with regard to endo- and ectoparasites. We investigated patterns of helminth species assemblages (Nematoda, Platyhelminthes) in two rat species (Leopoldamys sabanus. Niviveuter cremoriventer) and two tree shrew species (Tupaia tana, T. longipes) in three logged and three unlogged rain forests in Borneo by examining 337 faecal samples with non-invasive faecal egg count (FEC). Nematode eggs prevailed in 95%, of all samples with Up to five (mean 1.9 +/- 1.1) morphotypes. Whereas members of Strongylida were most prevalent in L. sabanus, T. tana and T. longipes, Spirurida dominated in N. cremoriventer that revealed at the same time the lowest average nematode prevalence and FEC. Cestode eggs were only found in L. sabanus and T. tana. Composition and abundance patterns of the parasitic helminth assemblages were influenced by logging. As hypothesized, species richness of nematode morphotypes and mean number of infections per host off. longipes were larger in logged than ill unlogged forest. In contrast. L. sabanus was more heavily infected with cestodes in unlogged than in logged forest and also revealed larger egg counts for strongylids and spirurids in unlogged forest. Our results Suggest that forest degradation and altered environmental conditions influence helminth diversity and infection patterns of small mammals with contrasting trends among host species. The inconsistent logging-induced changes in helminth assemblages from different hosts indicate that specific sets of habitat-host-parasite interactions are uniquely influenced by the effects of logging. Consequently, predictions oil changes of parasite diversity and prevalence with regard to habitat disturbance need to be based on the individual life histories of the hosts (and the parasites).
C1 Univ Ulm, Dept Expt Ecol, D-89069 Ulm, Germany.
Cent Queensland Univ, Sch Biol & Environm Sci, Rockhampton, Qld 4702, Australia.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Wells, K (reprint author), Univ Ulm, Dept Expt Ecol, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany.
EM konstans.wells@uni-ulm.de
RI Wells, Konstans/A-7232-2010; Pfeiffer, Martin/A-6989-2012
OI Wells, Konstans/0000-0003-0377-2463;
NR 38
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 18
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0266-4674
J9 J TROP ECOL
JI J. Trop. Ecol.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 23
BP 35
EP 43
DI 10.1017/S0266467406003804
PN 1
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 135OE
UT WOS:000244162100004
ER
PT J
AU Henneken, EA
Kurtz, MJ
Eichhorn, G
Accomazzi, A
Grant, CS
Thompson, D
Bohlen, E
Murray, SS
AF Henneken, Edwin A.
Kurtz, Michael J.
Eichhorn, Guenther
Accomazzi, Alberto
Grant, Carolyn S.
Thompson, Donna
Bohlen, Elizabeth
Murray, Stephen S.
TI E-prints and journal articles in astronomy: a productive co-existence
SO LEARNED PUBLISHING
LA English
DT Article
AB Are the e-prints (electronic preprints) from the arXiv repository being used instead of journal articles? We show that the e-prints have not undermined the usage of journal papers from the four core journals in astrophysics. As soon as the journal article is published, the astronomical community prefers to read it and the use of e-prints through the NASA Astrophysics Data System drops to zero. This suggests that most astronomers have access to institutional subscriptions and that they choose to read the journal article. In other words, the e-prints have not undermined journal use in this community and thus currently do not pose a financial threat to publishers. Furthermore, we show that the half-life (the point at which the use of an article drops to half the use of a newly published article) for an e-print is shorter than for a journal paper.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Cornell Informat Sci, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
RP Henneken, EA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Eichhorn, Guenther/C-9480-2009; Henneken, Edwin/F-9475-2010; KURTZ,
Michael /B-3890-2009; Warner, Simeon/E-2423-2011;
OI Eichhorn, Guenther/0000-0002-3032-1978; Warner,
Simeon/0000-0002-7970-7855; Henneken, Edwin/0000-0003-4264-2450; Kurtz,
Michael/0000-0002-6949-0090
NR 7
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 3
PU ASSOC LEARNED PROFESSIONAL SOC PUBL
PI W SUSSEX
PA SOUTH HOUSE, THE STREET WORTHING, W SUSSEX BN13 3UU, ENGLAND
SN 0953-1513
J9 LEARN PUBL
JI Learn. Publ.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 20
IS 1
BP 16
EP +
DI 10.1087/095315107779490661
PG 6
WC Information Science & Library Science
SC Information Science & Library Science
GA 140MT
UT WOS:000244510100004
ER
PT B
AU Huchra, JP
AF Huchra, John P.
BE Ricketts, S
Birdie, C
Isaksson, E
TI Keynote address: Science libraries in the information age
SO Library and Information Services in Astronomy V: Common Challenges,
Uncommon Solutions
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Library and Information Services in Astronomy Conference
CY JUN 18-21, 2006
CL Cambridge, MA
AB The invention of the printing press transformed the world, especially science and education. Today we are witnessing a similar transformation driven by electronic detection, computers and the internet. Where the Gutenberg transformation greatly enabled libraries, the silicon transformation requires libraries to change. The scientific community has new needs and libraries must have new roles in meeting those needs.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-316-4
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 377
BP 3
EP 13
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
GA BGU53
UT WOS:000250666800001
ER
PT B
AU Kurtz, MJ
Eichhorn, G
Accomazzi, A
Grant, C
Henneken, E
Thompson, D
Bohlen, E
Murray, SS
AF Kurtz, Michael J.
Eichhorn, Guenther
Accomazzi, Alberto
Grant, Carolyn
Henneken, Edwin
Thompson, Donna
Bohlen, Elizabeth
Murray, Stephen S.
BE Ricketts, S
Birdie, C
Isaksson, E
TI The future of technical libraries
SO LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES IN ASTRONOMY V: COMMON CHALLENGES,
UNCOMMON SOLUTIONS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Library and Information Services in Astronomy Conference
CY JUN 18-21, 2006
CL Cambridge, MA
AB Technical libraries are currently experiencing very rapid change. In the near future their mission will change, their physical nature will change, and the skills of their employees will change. While some will riot be able to make these changes, and will fail, others will lead us into a new era.
C1 [Kurtz, Michael J.; Eichhorn, Guenther; Accomazzi, Alberto; Grant, Carolyn; Henneken, Edwin; Thompson, Donna; Bohlen, Elizabeth; Murray, Stephen S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Kurtz, MJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Eichhorn, Guenther/C-9480-2009; KURTZ, Michael /B-3890-2009;
OI Eichhorn, Guenther/0000-0002-3032-1978; Accomazzi,
Alberto/0000-0002-4110-3511
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-316-4
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 377
BP 23
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
GA BGU53
UT WOS:000250666800003
ER
PT B
AU Eichhorn, G
Accomazzi, A
Grant, CS
Henneken, EA
Thompson, DM
Kurtz, MJ
Murray, SS
AF Eichhorn, Gunther
Accomazzi, Alberto
Grant, Carolyn S.
Henneken, Edwin A.
Thompson, Donna M.
Kurtz, Michael J.
Murray, Stephen S.
BE Ricketts, S
Birdie, C
Isaksson, E
TI Connectivity in the astronomy digital library
SO LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES IN ASTRONOMY V: COMMON CHALLENGES,
UNCOMMON SOLUTIONS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Library and Information Services in Astronomy Conference
CY JUN 18-21, 2006
CL Cambridge, MA
ID ASTROPHYSICS DATA SYSTEM; DATABASE
AB The Astrophysics Data System (ADS) provides an extensive system of links between the literature and other on-line information. Recently, the journals of the American Astronomical Society (AAS) and a group of NASA data centers have collaborated to provide more links between on-line data obtained by space missions and the on-line journals. Authors can now specify which data sets they have used in their article. This information is used by the participants to provide the links between the literature and the data.
C1 [Eichhorn, Gunther; Accomazzi, Alberto; Grant, Carolyn S.; Henneken, Edwin A.; Thompson, Donna M.; Kurtz, Michael J.; Murray, Stephen S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Garden St 60, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Eichhorn, G (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Garden St 60, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Eichhorn, Guenther/C-9480-2009; KURTZ, Michael /B-3890-2009
OI Eichhorn, Guenther/0000-0002-3032-1978;
FU NASA [NNG06GG68G]
FX The ADS is funded by NASA Grant NNG06GG68G.
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-316-4
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 377
BP 36
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
GA BGU53
UT WOS:000250666800006
ER
PT B
AU Accomazzi, A
Eichhorn, G
Kurtz, MJ
Grant, CS
Henneken, E
Demleitner, M
Thompson, D
Bohlen, E
Murray, SS
AF Accomazzi, Alberto
Eichhorn, Guenther
Kurtz, Michael J.
Grant, Carolyn S.
Henneken, Edwin
Demleitner, Markus
Thompson, Donna
Bohlen, Elizabeth
Murray, Stephen S.
BE Ricketts, S
Birdie, C
Isaksson, E
TI Creation and use of citations in the ADS
SO LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES IN ASTRONOMY V: COMMON CHALLENGES,
UNCOMMON SOLUTIONS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Library and Information Services in Astronomy Conference
CY JUN 18-21, 2006
CL Cambridge, MA
AB With over 20 million records, the ADS citation database is regularly used by researchers and librarians to measure the scientific impact of individuals, groups, and institutions. In addition to the traditional sources of citations, the ADS has recently added references extracted from the arXiv e-prints on a nightly basis. We review the procedures used to harvest and identify the reference data used in the creation of citations, the policies and procedures that we follow to avoid double-counting and to eliminate contributions which may not be scholarly in nature. Finally, we describe how users and institutions can easily obtain quantitative citation data from the ADS, both interactively and via web-based programming tools.
C1 [Accomazzi, Alberto; Eichhorn, Guenther; Kurtz, Michael J.; Grant, Carolyn S.; Henneken, Edwin; Demleitner, Markus; Thompson, Donna; Bohlen, Elizabeth; Murray, Stephen S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Garden St 60, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Accomazzi, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Garden St 60, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Eichhorn, Guenther/C-9480-2009; KURTZ, Michael /B-3890-2009
OI Eichhorn, Guenther/0000-0002-3032-1978;
FU NASA [NNG06GG68G]
FX The ADS is funded by NASA Grant NNG06GG68G.
NR 7
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-316-4
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 377
BP 69
EP +
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
GA BGU53
UT WOS:000250666800012
ER
PT B
AU Eichhorn, G
Accomazzi, A
Grant, CS
Henneken, EA
Thompson, DM
Kurtz, MJ
Murray, SS
AF Eichhorn, Guenther
Accomazzi, Alberto
Grant, Carolyn S.
Henneken, Edwin A.
Thompson, Donna M.
Kurtz, Michael J.
Murray, Stephen S.
BE Ricketts, S
Birdie, C
Isaksson, E
TI Full text searching in the Astrophysics Data System
SO LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES IN ASTRONOMY V: COMMON CHALLENGES,
UNCOMMON SOLUTIONS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Library and Information Services in Astronomy Conference
CY JUN 18-21, 2006
CL Cambridge, MA
AB The Smithsonian/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) provides a search system for the astronomy and physics scholarly literature. All major and many smaller astronomy journals that were published on paper have been scanned back to volume 1 and are available through the ADS free of charge. All scanned pages have been converted to text and can be searched through the ADS Full Text Search System. In addition, searches can be fanned out to several external search systems to include the literature published in electronic form. Results from the different search systems are combined into one results list.
C1 [Eichhorn, Guenther; Accomazzi, Alberto; Grant, Carolyn S.; Henneken, Edwin A.; Thompson, Donna M.; Kurtz, Michael J.; Murray, Stephen S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Eichhorn, G (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Eichhorn, Guenther/C-9480-2009; KURTZ, Michael /B-3890-2009
OI Eichhorn, Guenther/0000-0002-3032-1978;
FU NASA [NNG06GG68G]
FX The ADS is funded by NASA Grant NNG06GG68G.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-316-4
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 377
BP 93
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
GA BGU53
UT WOS:000250666800015
ER
PT B
AU Grant, CS
Accomazzi, A
Thompson, D
Henneken, E
Eichhorn, G
Kurtz, MJ
Murray, SS
AF Grant, Carolyn S.
Accomazzi, Alberto
Thompson, Donna
Henneken, Edwin
Eichhorn, Guenther
Kurtz, Michael J.
Murray, Stephen S.
BE Ricketts, S
Birdie, C
Isaksson, E
TI Data in the ADS - Understanding how to use it better
SO LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES IN ASTRONOMY V: COMMON CHALLENGES,
UNCOMMON SOLUTIONS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Library and Information Services in Astronomy Conference
CY JUN 18-21, 2006
CL Cambridge, MA
AB The Smithsonian/NASA ADS Abstract Service contains a wealth of data for astronomers and librarians alike, yet the vast majority of usage consists of rudimentary searches. Hints on how to obtain more focused search results by using more of the various capabilities of the ADS are presented, including searching by affiliation. We also discuss the classification of articles by content and by referee status.
C1 [Grant, Carolyn S.; Accomazzi, Alberto; Thompson, Donna; Henneken, Edwin; Eichhorn, Guenther; Kurtz, Michael J.; Murray, Stephen S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Grant, CS (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Eichhorn, Guenther/C-9480-2009; KURTZ, Michael /B-3890-2009
OI Eichhorn, Guenther/0000-0002-3032-1978;
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-316-4
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 377
BP 97
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
GA BGU53
UT WOS:000250666800016
ER
PT B
AU Thompson, DM
Accomazzi, A
Eichhorn, G
Grant, C
Henneken, E
Kurtz, MJ
Bohlen, E
Murray, SS
AF Thompson, Donna M.
Accomazzi, Alberto
Eichhorn, Guenther
Grant, Carolyn
Henneken, Edwin
Kurtz, Michael J.
Bohlen, Elizabeth
Murray, Stephen S.
BE Ricketts, S
Birdie, C
Isaksson, E
TI Paper to screen: Processing historical scans in the ADS
SO LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICES IN ASTRONOMY V: COMMON CHALLENGES,
UNCOMMON SOLUTIONS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Library and Information Services in Astronomy Conference
CY JUN 18-21, 2006
CL Cambridge, MA
AB The NASA Astrophysics Data System in conjunction with the Wolbach Library at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics is working on a project to microfilm historical observatory publications. The microfilm is then scanned for inclusion in the ADS. The ADS currently contains over 700,000 scanned pages of volumes of historical literature. Many of these volumes lack clear pagination or other bibliographic data that are necessary to take advantage of the searching capabilities of the ADS. This paper will address some of the interesting challenges that needed to be resolved during the processing of the Observatory Reports included in the ADS.
C1 [Thompson, Donna M.; Accomazzi, Alberto; Eichhorn, Guenther; Grant, Carolyn; Henneken, Edwin; Kurtz, Michael J.; Bohlen, Elizabeth; Murray, Stephen S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Thompson, DM (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Eichhorn, Guenther/C-9480-2009; KURTZ, Michael /B-3890-2009
OI Eichhorn, Guenther/0000-0002-3032-1978;
FU NASA [NNG06GG68G]
FX The ADS is funded by NASA Grant NNG06GG68G.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-316-4
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 377
BP 102
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
GA BGU53
UT WOS:000250666800017
ER
PT B
AU Henneken, E
Kurtz, MJ
Eichhorn, G
Accomazzi, A
Grant, CS
Thompson, D
Bohlen, E
Murray, SS
AF Henneken, E.
Kurtz, M. J.
Eichhorn, G.
Accomazzi, A.
Grant, C. S.
Thompson, D.
Bohlen, E.
Murray, S. S.
BE Ricketts, S
Birdie, C
Isaksson, E
TI MyADS-arXiv - a tailor-made, open access, virtual journal
SO Library and Information Services in Astronomy V: Common Challenges,
Uncommon Solutions
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Library and Information Services in Astronomy Conference
CY JUN 18-21, 2006
CL Cambridge, MA
AB The myADS-arXiv service provides the scientific community with a one stop shop for staying up-to-date with a researcher's field of interest. The service provides a powerful and unique filter on the enormous amount of bibliographic information added to the ADS on a daily basis. It also provides a complete view of the most relevant papers available in the subscriber's field of interest. With this service, the subscriber will get to know the latest developments, popular trends and the most important papers. This makes the service not only unique from a technical point of view, but also from a content point of view. On this poster we will argue why myADS-arXiv is a tailor-made, open access, virtual journal and we will illustrate its unique character.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Eichhorn, Guenther/C-9480-2009; KURTZ, Michael /B-3890-2009
OI Eichhorn, Guenther/0000-0002-3032-1978;
NR 8
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-316-4
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 377
BP 106
EP 110
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
GA BGU53
UT WOS:000250666800018
ER
PT B
AU Gingerich, O
AF Gingerich, Owen
BE Ricketts, S
Birdie, C
Isaksson, E
TI Gutenberg's gift
SO Library and Information Services in Astronomy V: Common Challenges,
Uncommon Solutions
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Library and Information Services in Astronomy Conference
CY JUN 18-21, 2006
CL Cambridge, MA
AB Printing with movable type provided a great impetus for astronomy, both for preserving observations and for disseminating ideas. For example, Copernicus relied almost entirely on printed sources for the data needed in his De revolutionibus. Cheap textbooks helped bring knowledge of basic astronomy to a widening literate audience, in the university and beyond. Printed ephemerides were a major output from astronomers, and an examination of the accuracy of their positions shows us the gradual improvement in planetary theory. This "show-and-tell talk" was illustrated with books from Prof. Gingerich's personal collection of early astronomy books, including his particularly extensive group of early ephemerides.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-316-4
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 377
BP 319
EP 328
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Information Science & Library Science
GA BGU53
UT WOS:000250666800054
ER
PT J
AU Riley, S
AF Riley, Sheila
TI Past perfect.
SO LIBRARY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 Smithsonian Inst Lib, Washington, DC USA.
RP Riley, S (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst Lib, Washington, DC USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 0363-0277
J9 LIBR J
JI Libr. J.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 132
IS 1
BP 94
EP 94
PG 1
WC Information Science & Library Science
SC Information Science & Library Science
GA 126YK
UT WOS:000243551300119
ER
PT J
AU Guz, SS
AF Guz, Savannah Schroll
TI The promise of Xrefer
SO LIBRARY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Libs, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA
SN 0363-0277
J9 LIBR J
JI Libr. J.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 132
IS 1
BP 152
EP 152
PG 1
WC Information Science & Library Science
SC Information Science & Library Science
GA 126YK
UT WOS:000243551300356
ER
PT J
AU Keller, JK
Bridgham, SD
AF Keller, Jason K.
Bridgham, Scott D.
TI Pathways of anaerobic carbon cycling across an
ombrotrophic-minerotrophic peatland gradient
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID METHANE PRODUCTION; NORTHERN WETLANDS; SULFATE REDUCTION; WATER;
ACETATE; SULFUR; BOG; DENITRIFICATION; MINERALIZATION; SUPPRESSION
AB Peatland soils represent globally significant stores of carbon, and understanding carbon cycling pathways in these ecosystems has important implications for global climate change. We measured aceticlastic and autotrophic methanogenesis, sulfate reduction, denitrification, and iron reduction in a bog, an intermediate fen, and a rich fen in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan for one growing season. In 3-d anaerobic incubations of slurried peat, denitrification and iron reduction were minor components of anaerobic carbon mineralization. Experiments using (14)C-labeled methanogenic substrates showed that methanogenesis in these peatlands was primarily through the aceticlastic pathway, except early in the growing season in more ombrotrophic peatlands, where the autotrophic pathway was dominant or codominant. Overall, methane production was responsible for 3-70% of anaerobic carbon mineralization. Sulfate reduction accounted for 0-26% of anaerobic carbon mineralization, suggesting a rapid turnover of a very small sulfate pool. A large percentage of anaerobic carbon mineralization (from 29% to 85%) was unexplained by any measured process, which could have resulted from fermentation or possibly from the use of organic molecules (e.g., humic acids) as alternative electron acceptors.
C1 Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
Univ Oregon, Ctr Ecol & Evolut Biol, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
RP Keller, JK (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
EM kellerj@si.edu
NR 47
TC 61
Z9 63
U1 6
U2 39
PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710-4446 USA
SN 0024-3590
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR
JI Limnol. Oceanogr.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 52
IS 1
BP 96
EP 107
PG 12
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 130JH
UT WOS:000243795400010
ER
PT J
AU Nizinski, MS
AF Nizinski, Martha S.
TI Predation in subtropical soft-bottom systems: spiny lobster and molluscs
in Florida Bay
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE tropics; soft-bottom systems; predation; spiny lobster; community
structure; Florida bay
ID PANULIRUS-CYGNUS GEORGE; THALASSIA-TESTUDINUM MEADOWS; FOOD WEB
COMPLEXITY; CORAL-REEF LAGOON; SEAGRASS BEDS; ENVIRONMENTAL-STRESS;
SPECIES DENSITIES; FIELD EXPERIMENTS; PREY INTERACTIONS; ROCK-LOBSTERS
AB A 2 yr field experiment conducted in 2 locations in seagrass meadows within Everglades National Park, Florida Bay, tested the hypothesis that variations in physical structure of experimental shelters ('casitas') would affect abundance and composition of the predator guild and, in turn, that these predators would then have measurable and commensurate impacts on the nearby benthic community. Experimental structures (casita frame, mesh-roof casita and full-roof casita) were successful in attracting and aggregating predators as hypothesized, with those structures providing more overhead cover attracting significantly more predators. Although many predators, including the numerically dominant spiny lobster Panulirus argus, preyed heavily on or included molluscs in their diets, no significant impacts of predation by spiny lobsters and finfishes on the abundance and species richness of the molluscan assemblage were observed. Regional differences in prey abundance and richness were significant, yet predator effects were similar between locations. Significant location differences in prey abundances, therefore, did not result from differential impacts of prey consumption by casita-associated predators. Predation effects by spiny lobsters and various species of finfishes in Florida Bay were dispersed over time and space and predation was not the primary structuring mechanism for the gastropod and bivalve assemblages in these seagrass and macroalgal habitats. Measurable differences between prey populations in the 2 study locations probably reflect differences in habitat heterogeneity, spatial and temporal variability in predator and prey abundances and distributions, overall high diversity of benthic prey, and ontogenetic shifts in diet and habitat use by predators, all which tend to buffer predatory impacts.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Syst Lab, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Nizinski, MS (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Syst Lab, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, PO Box 37012,NHB,WC 57,MRC 153, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM nizinski@si.edu
NR 70
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 6
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2007
VL 345
BP 185
EP 197
DI 10.3354/meps06912
PG 13
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 220ZK
UT WOS:000250195800016
ER
PT J
AU Ritson-Williams, R
Paul, VJ
AF Ritson-Williams, Raphael
Paul, Valerie J.
TI Marine benthic invertebrates use multimodal cues for defense against
reef fish
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE fish behavior; multimodal signals; aposematism; Phyllidiidae;
predator-prey interactions; coral reef ecology; marine chemical ecology
ID WARNING COLORATION; DORID NUDIBRANCHS; CHEMICAL DEFENSE; PREY; SIGNALS;
SPONGE; CONSPICUOUSNESS; PLATYHELMINTHES; RECOGNITION; ISOCYANIDES
AB The use of bright coloration to warn predators of toxic prey, termed aposematism, is a defensive strategy well studied in terrestrial ecosystems. Some marine animals have contrasting color patterns and chemical defenses but few studies have tested the behavior of marine predators in response to aposematic coloration. In this study we tested fish feeding behavior in response to different types of cues including contrasting color patterns and sponge and nudibranch chemical extracts in the field at 2 reefs on Guam. Using agar-based food to keep food quality consistent, chemical extracts and 2 out of 5 contrasting color patterns reduced feeding by natural assemblages of reef fish at both reefs. Phyllidia varicosa (from Palau), P. elegans (Guam) and Phyllidiella pustulosa (Palau) crude extracts deterred feeding by fish, but P. pustulosa extracts from Guam did not. To determine if a chemical extract can act as an olfactory defense we videotaped fish behavior as they approached food containing nonpolar extracts of Acanthella cavernosa, the dietary sponge of Phyllidiella granulatus. Fish approached and then tasted the food with the chemical extract significantly less often than the control and the crude extract of another sponge Stylissa massa. In feeding assays with a contrasting color pattern combined with the chemical extract at natural concentrations, fish were deterred by the extract regardless of the color pattern. At half natural concentration only the chemical extract and the contrasting color pattern together significantly decreased fish feeding. Reef fish can use multimodal signa Is including visual, taste and olfactory cues to avoid marine benthic invertebrates.
C1 Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA.
RP Ritson-Williams, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, 701 Seaway Dr, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA.
EM williams@si.edu
NR 44
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 5
U2 35
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2007
VL 340
BP 29
EP 39
DI 10.3354/meps340029
PG 11
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 189TN
UT WOS:000248011500004
ER
PT J
AU Zabin, CJ
Altieri, AH
AF Zabin, Chela J.
Altieri, Andrew H.
TI A Hawaiian limpet facilitates recruitment of a competitively dominant
invasive barnacle
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE impacts of invasion; facilitation; competition; Chthamalus proteus;
Siphonaria normalis; barnacle-limpet interactions; biological invasions;
intertidal zone
ID PACIFIC INTERTIDAL GASTROPODS; ROCKY-SHORE; SIPHONARIA-NORMALIS;
PATELLA-VULGATA; SETTLEMENT; ORGANISMS; COMMUNITY; PULMONATA; COAST;
SUCCESSION
AB At an intertidal site on the island of Oahu, Hawaii, the abundance of the invasive barnacle Chthamalus proteus was negatively correlated with abundance of the native limpet Siphonaria normalis. As the substratum at this site was a conglomerate of materials, we hypothesized that the observed pattern was the result of differences in substratum preferences, and/or negative interactions between the 2 species, or both. We used manipulative field experiments to test these hypotheses, and then generalized our findings with surveys across several sites that differed in substratum type and abundances of barnacles and limpets. The limpet recruited in highest numbers to light-colored substrata. The barnacle settled in highest numbers on rough substrata, with a trend toward higher settlement on dark-colored substrata. Surprisingly, in experimental plots, recruitment of the barnacle was positively correlated with the density of the limpet. In contrast, limpet densities increased in experimental plots from which barnacles had been removed. Thus the pattern at this site appears to result from a combination of substratum preferences and interactions between the 2 species. These experiments and surveys of other intertidal sites on Oahu suggest that (1) limpets and barnacles have little effect on each other at low densities, (2) at higher densities limpets facilitate settlement of barnacles, but barnacles have a negative effect on limpets, and (3) substratum type can mediate the density-dependent interactions between these 2 species by affecting their settlement patterns.
C1 Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Zool & Ecol, Evolut & Conservat Biol Program, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA.
Romberg Tiburon Ctr Environm Studies, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA.
Northeastern Univ, Ctr Marine Sci, Nahant, MA 01908 USA.
RP Zabin, CJ (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Zool & Ecol, Evolut & Conservat Biol Program, 2538 McCarthy Mall,Edmonson Hall, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM zabinc@si.edu
NR 49
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 16
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2007
VL 337
BP 175
EP 185
DI 10.3354/meps337175
PG 11
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 176SL
UT WOS:000247105100015
ER
PT J
AU Fulford, RS
Breitburg, DL
Newell, RIE
Kemp, WM
Luckenbach, M
AF Fulford, Richard S.
Breitburg, Denise L.
Newell, Roger I. E.
Kemp, W. Michael
Luckenbach, Mark
TI Effects of oyster population restoration strategies on phytoplankton
biomass in Chesapeake Bay: a flexible modeling approach
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE oysters; ecosystem; management; filter-feeding; restoration; estuary
ID SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION; WATER-QUALITY; FEEDING BIVALVES; OXYGEN
TENSION; NUTRIENT; EUTROPHICATION; ESTUARY; RIVER; USA; PHOSPHORUS
AB Cultural eutrophication in estuaries and other coastal systems has increased over the last 50 yr. Some recently proposed strategies to reverse this trend have included the restoration of bivalve suspension feeders as an ecological tool for reducing phytoplankton biomass. The ecological benefits accruing from such bivalve restoration will be dependent on the characteristics of the estuary, as well as how restoration is implemented. We developed a filtration model to estimate the effect of bivalve restoration on the rate of phytoplankton removal over a range of spatial and temporal scales and used it to compare alternate restoration strategies for the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica in Chesapeake Bay, USA. Model results suggested that currently accepted restoration goals for oysters in the bay are unlikely to result in significant bay-wide reductions in phytoplankton biomass. This is partially due to low current biomass targets for oyster restoration, but also important are several spatial and temporal mismatches between oyster and phytoplankton biomass that may limit the ecological benefit of oyster restoration. Our model did predict important increases in phytoplankton removal by oysters at the tributary scale, and this effect was dependent on where oyster restoration was achieved and whether restoration and management plans affected the size distribution of oysters. Our findings suggest that the ecological benefit of restoring bivalve populations are variable, and a comparative model analysis of restoration plans in particular systems can be highly beneficial to maximizing the benefit-to-cost ratio of restoration efforts intended to reduce the negative effects of cultural eutrophication.
C1 Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Horn Point Lab, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA.
Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Eastern Shore Lab, Wachapreague, VA 23480 USA.
RP Fulford, RS (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Gulf Coast Res Lab, POB 7000, Mississippi State, MS 39566 USA.
EM richard.fulford@usm.edu
RI kemp, Michael/F-9955-2013
NR 64
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 1
U2 19
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2007
VL 336
BP 43
EP 61
DI 10.3354/meps336043
PG 19
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 174ZB
UT WOS:000246980400004
ER
PT J
AU Craig, MT
Eble, JA
Bowen, BW
Robertson, DR
AF Craig, Matthew T.
Eble, Jeff A.
Bowen, Brian W.
Robertson, D. Ross
TI High genetic connectivity across the Indian and Pacific Oceans in the
reef fish Myripristis berndti (Holocentridae)
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE phylogeography; East Pacific Barrier; soldierfish; Indo-Pacific Barrier;
Hawaii
ID RECENT INVASION; MARINE FISHES; EL-NINO; POPULATION; SEA; SPECIATION;
ATLANTIC; LARVAE; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; CONSERVATION
AB To assess patterns of connectivity among populations of an Indo-Pacific reef fish, we surveyed mtDNA of the bigscale soldierfish Myripristis berndti (Holocentridae), which is concentrated on reefs at intermediate depths, but occurs to at least 160 m. Our multi-scale approach included sampling at 11 sites spanning the entire range of the species from the western Indian Ocean to the eastern Pacific, across 240 degrees of longitude (total N = 278), and 9 islands throughout one of the largest and most isolated archipelagos, the Hawaiian Islands (subtotal N = 147). Analysis of cytochrome b sequences demonstrated the following: (1) common haplotypes are shared among all sample localities, (2) there is modest population structure across the entire species range (Phi(st) = 0.211; p < 0.001), (3) there is no structure among the Hawaiian Islands (Phi(st) = 0.0004; p = 0.4107), and (4) there is no structure across the central-west Pacific (Phi(st) = -0.007, p = 0.634). Population separations across the East Pacific Barrier were significant (overall (Phi(st) = 0.278, p < 0.001; pairwise range Phi(st) = 0.107 to 0.424), yet significantly weaker than those across the Indo-Pacific Barrier (overall Phi(st) = 0.583, p < 0.001; pairwise range Phi(st) = 0.329 to 0.810; Mann-Whitney U-test, p < 0.001). When grouped by major biogeographic province, populations showed no difference within the central-west Pacific (Phi(st) = -0.007, p = 0.634), within the Indian Ocean (Phi(st) = -0.027, p = 0.528), or within the east Pacific (Phi(st) = -0.061, p = 0.920). Mismatch distributions and coalescence analysis indicated a rapid population expansion on the order of similar to 500 000 yr before present (range 300 000 to 10(6) yr depending on mutation rate). Despite having a vast distribution and broad depth range, M. berndti shows the genetic signatures of a population bottleneck and recovery similar to shallow reef specialists that were displaced or extirpated during glacial maxima. Overall, the mtDNA data indicated a dispersal capability in M berndti which far exceeds that of typical reef fishes. While recent genetic studies demonstrate limited larval dispersal in some reef fishes, it is clear that others, including soldierfishes, are extensive dispersers.
C1 Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Craig, MT (reprint author), Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, PO 1346, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA.
EM mtcraig@hawaii.edu
NR 52
TC 85
Z9 88
U1 2
U2 27
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2007
VL 334
BP 245
EP 254
DI 10.3354/meps334245
PG 10
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 159JN
UT WOS:000245862000023
ER
PT J
AU Miller, AW
Ruiz, GM
Minton, MS
Ambrose, RF
AF Miller, A. Whitman
Ruiz, Gregory M.
Minton, Mark S.
Ambrose, Richard F.
TI Differentiating successful and failed molluscan invaders in estuarine
ecosystems
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE invasion; bivalve; gastropod; mollusc; marine; oyster; vector; risk
assessment
ID NORTH-AMERICA; LITTORINA-SAXATILIS; INVASIONS; CONSEQUENCES; PATTERNS;
PROGRESS; MODELS
AB Despite mounting evidence of invasive species'impacts on the environment and society, our ability to predict invasion establishment, spread, and impact are inadequate. Efforts to explain and predict invasion outcomes have been limited primarily to terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. Invasions are also common in coastal marine ecosystems, yet to date predictive marine invasion models are absent. Here we present a model based on biological attributes associated with invasion success (establishment) of marine molluscs that compares successful and failed invasions from a group of 93 species introduced to San Francisco Bay (SFB) in association with commercial oyster transfers from eastern North America (ca. 1869 to 1940). A multiple logistic regression model correctly classified 83% of successful and 80 % of failed invaders according to their source region abundance at the time of oyster transfers, tolerance of low salinity, and developmental mode. We tested the generality of the SFB invasion model by applying it to 3 coastal locations (2 in North America and 1 in Europe) that received oyster transfers from the same source and during the same time as SFB. The model correctly predicted 100, 75, and 86 % of successful invaders in these locations, indicating that abundance, environmental tolerance (ability to withstand low salinity), and developmental mode not only explain patterns of invasion success in SFB, but more importantly, predict invasion success in geographically disparate marine ecosystems. Finally, we demonstrate that the proportion of marine molluscs that succeeded in the latter stages of invasion (i.e. that establish self-sustaining populations, spread and become pests) is much greater than has been previously predicted or shown for other animals and plants.
C1 Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Environm Sci & Engn Program, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Miller, AW (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
EM millerw@si.edu
OI Ambrose, Richard/0000-0001-8653-6487; Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X;
Minton, Mark/0000-0002-9439-4930; Miller, Whitman/0000-0003-0484-182X
NR 46
TC 36
Z9 40
U1 1
U2 28
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2007
VL 332
BP 41
EP 51
PG 11
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 154XU
UT WOS:000245542400004
ER
PT J
AU Yasuhara, M
Kato, M
Ikeya, N
Seto, K
AF Yasuhara, Moriaki
Kato, Masako
Ikeya, Noriyuki
Seto, Koji
TI Modern benthic ostracodes from Lutzow-Holm, Bay, East Antarctica:
paleoceanographic, paleobiogeographic, and evolutionary significance
SO MICROPALEONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID BUENOS-AIRES PROVINCE; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; SEDIMENT CORES; BAHIA BLANCA;
ROSS-ISLAND; SANTA-CRUZ; DEEP-SEA; ARGENTINA; HOLOCENE;
PALEOENVIRONMENTS
AB Seventy-three ostracode species from 38 genera were recovered from the 55 surface sediment samples in Lutzow-Holm Bay, northeastern Antarctica. We investigated bathymetric and geographic distributions of modern benthic ostracode species in the bay and compared this fauna with published modern and fossil ostracode data of Antarctic and southern South American regions. The results show: (1) Four biotopes and three sub-biotopes are recognized based on Q-mode cluster analysis, which suggest distributions of modem ostracodes are mainly controlled by water-mass structure, ice scouring, and light availability. (2) Comparison between the Lutow-Holm Bay fauna and other ostracode faunas from Antarctica and southern South America shows high endemism and homogeneity of Antarctic ostracode fauna, suggesting in situ evolution of most extant Antarctic species. (3) Most species are endemic to the Antarctica, a few species also inhabit South American waters.
C1 [Yasuhara, Moriaki] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Kato, Masako; Ikeya, Noriyuki] Shizuoka Univ, Fac Sci, Inst Geosci, Shizuoka 4228529, Japan.
[Seto, Koji] Shimane Univ, Res Ctr Coastal Lagoon Environm, Matsue, Shimane 6908504, Japan.
RP Yasuhara, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM moriakiyasuhara@gmail.com
RI Yasuhara, Moriaki/A-4986-2008
OI Yasuhara, Moriaki/0000-0001-8501-4863
NR 105
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 3
PU MICROPALEONTOLOGY PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 256 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA
SN 0026-2803
J9 MICROPALEONTOLOGY
JI Micropaleontology
PY 2007
VL 53
IS 6
BP 469
EP 496
PG 28
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 281LF
UT WOS:000254498100004
ER
PT J
AU Fiorini, F
Scott, DB
Wach, GD
AF Fiorini, Flavia
Scott, David B.
Wach, Grant D.
TI Thecamoebians from the early cretaceous of the Scotian Shelf
SO MICROPALEONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID AGGLUTINATED FORAMINIFERA
AB This study reports and describes fossil thecamoebians from early Cretaceous deposits of Cohasset A-52 well located on the Scotian Shelf. In this paper we illustrate and discuss fossil thecamoebians to provide additional data to the few published reports on this fossil group. The identified taxa are attributed to the genera Cucurbitella, D Difflugia and Heleopera, showing a strong similarity with recent thecamoebians. Several other forms with an uncertain generic characterization are are described.
C1 [Fiorini, Flavia; Scott, David B.; Wach, Grant D.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada.
[Fiorini, Flavia] CTPA, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama.
RP Fiorini, F (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada.
EM flavia.fiorini@dal.ca
NR 14
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU MICROPALEONTOLOGY PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 256 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA
SN 0026-2803
J9 MICROPALEONTOLOGY
JI Micropaleontology
PY 2007
VL 53
IS 6
BP 511
EP 516
PG 6
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 281LF
UT WOS:000254498100006
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, P
Kharchenko, V
Dalgarno, A
AF Zhang, P.
Kharchenko, V.
Dalgarno, A.
TI Thermalization of suprathermal N(S-4) atoms in He and Ar gases
SO MOLECULAR PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE thermalization; Boltzmann kernel; elastic scattering
ID FAST NITROGEN-ATOMS; CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; LINEAR-RESPONSE
THEORY; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; ENERGY-TRANSFER; O(D-1) ATOMS; DISPERSION
COEFFICIENTS; VELOCITY RELAXATION; CROSS-SECTIONS; WAVE-FUNCTIONS
AB The potential energies of nitrogen atoms interacting with helium and argon atoms are determined and the rates of thermalization of initially energetic nitrogen atoms traversing bath gases of helium and argon atoms are obtained. The C-6 dispersion coefficients are determined to be 5.79 a.u. for N-He and 39.42 a.u. for N-Ar. Quantum mechanical calculations of the differential scattering cross-sections are carried out and used to find solutions to the kinetic Boltzmann equations. The rates of thermalization are compared with experiments on the translational energy relaxation of nitrogen atoms produced by the photolysis of NO2. The accuracy of the hard sphere approximation in interpreting the data is explored, and found to be satisfactory with hard sphere cross-sections of 1.50 x 10(-15) cm(2) for helium and 1.98 x 10(-15) cm(2) for argon.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Dalgarno, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM adalgarno@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 46
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0026-8976
J9 MOL PHYS
JI Mol. Phys.
PY 2007
VL 105
IS 11-12
BP 1487
EP 1496
DI 10.1080/00268970701210008
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 215AV
UT WOS:000249780600003
ER
PT J
AU Evans, A
Kerr, T
Yang, B
Matsuoka, Y
Tsuzuki, Y
Bode, MF
Eyres, SPS
Geballe, TR
Woodward, CE
Gehrz, RD
Lynch, DK
Rudy, RJ
Russell, RW
O'Brien, TJ
Starrfield, SG
Davis, RJ
Ness, JU
Drake, J
Osborne, JP
Page, KL
Adamson, A
Schwarz, G
Krautter, J
AF Evans, A.
Kerr, T.
Yang, Bin
Matsuoka, Y.
Tsuzuki, Y.
Bode, M. F.
Eyres, S. P. S.
Geballe, T. R.
Woodward, C. E.
Gehrz, R. D.
Lynch, D. K.
Rudy, R. J.
Russell, R. W.
O'Brien, T. J.
Starrfield, S. G.
Davis, R. J.
Ness, J. -U.
Drake, J.
Osborne, J. P.
Page, K. L.
Adamson, A.
Schwarz, G.
Krautter, J.
TI Infrared observations of the 2006 outburst of the recurrent nova RS
Ophiuchi: the early phase
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries : symbiotic; stars : individual; RS Ophiuchi; novae,
cataclysmic variables; infrared : stars
ID SYMBIOTIC STARS; SPECTROSCOPY
AB We present infrared spectroscopy of the recurrent nova RS Ophiuchi, obtained 11.81, 20.75 and 55.71 d following its 2006 eruption. The spectra are dominated by hydrogen recombination lines, together with He I, O-I and O-II lines; the electron temperature of similar to 10(4) K implied by the recombination spectrum suggests that we are seeing primarily the wind of the red giant, ionized by the ultraviolet flash when RS Oph erupted. However, strong coronal emission lines (i.e. emission from fine structure transitions in ions having high ionization potential) are present in the last spectrum. These imply a temperature of 930 000 K for the coronal gas; this is in line with X-ray observations of the 2006 eruption. The emission linewidths decrease with time in a way that is consistent with the shock model for the X-ray emission.
C1 Univ Keele, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England.
Joint Astron Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
Univ Tokyo, Sch Sci, Inst Astron, Mitaka, Tokyo 1810015, Japan.
Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Birkenhead CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England.
Univ Cent Lancashire, Ctr Astrophys, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England.
Gemini Observ, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Dept Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
Aerosp Corp, Los Angeles, CA 90009 USA.
Univ Manchester, Dept Phys & Astron, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
Arizona State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, CfA, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Landessternwarte Konigstuhl, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
RP Evans, A (reprint author), Univ Keele, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England.
EM ae@astro.keele.ac.uk
OI adamson, andrew/0000-0003-1120-5178
NR 30
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 374
IS 1
BP L1
EP L5
DI 10.1111/j.1745-3933.2006.00252.x
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 117XM
UT WOS:000242906600001
ER
PT S
AU Goncalves, AC
Soria, R
AF Goncalves, A. C.
Soria, R.
BE Antonelli, LA
Israel, GL
Piersanti, L
Tornambe, A
TI Soft-excess in ULX spectra: disc emission or wind absorption?
SO MULTICOLORED LANDSCAPE OF COMPACT OBJECTS AND THEIR EXPLOSIVE ORIGINS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Multicolored Landscape of Compact Objects and Their
Explosive Origins
CY JUN 11-18, 2006
CL Cefalu, ITALY
SP Natl Inst Astrophys, Astron Observ Rome, Astron Observ Teramo, Astron Observ Cagliari, Univ Palermi, Dept Phys & Astron Sci, MIUR, Cefalu Local Council, Fond Mandralisca
DE X-ray; infall; accretion, and accretion discs; black holes; X-ray
binaries
ID X-RAY SOURCES; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BLACK-HOLE
AB We assess the claim that Ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs) host intermediate-mass black holes (BH) by comparing the cool disc-blackbody model with a range of other models, namelly a more complex physical model based on a power-law component slightly modified at various energies by smeared emission/absorption lines from highly-ionized gas. Our main conclusion is that the presence of a soft excess, or a soft deficit, depends entirely on the energy range to which we choose to fit the "true" power-law continuum; hence, we argue that those components should not be taken as evidence for accretion disc emission, nor used to infer BH masses. We speculate that bright ULXs could be in a spectral state similar to (or an extension of) the stecp-power-law state of Galactic BH candidates, in which the disc is completely comptonized and not directly detectable, and the power-law emission may be modified by the surrounding, fast-moving, ionized gas.
C1 [Goncalves, A. C.] Observ Paris, LUTH, F-92195 Meudon, France.
[Goncalves, A. C.] Observ Astron Lisboa, CAAUL, P-1349018 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Soria, R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Soria, R.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England.
RP Goncalves, AC (reprint author), Observ Paris, LUTH, F-92195 Meudon, France.
FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia(FCT) Portugal
[BPD/11641/2002]; OIF Marie Curie Fellowship, through University College
London
FX ACG acknowledges support from the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a
Tecnologia (FCT), Portugal, under grant BPD/11641/2002. RS
acknowledges support from an OIF Marie Curie Fellowship, through
University College London.
NR 11
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0434-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 924
BP 741
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGW72
UT WOS:000250989500039
ER
PT S
AU Siemiginowska, A
AF Siemiginowska, Aneta
BE Antonelli, LA
Israel, GL
Piersanti, L
Tornambe, A
TI Models of accretion disks
SO MULTICOLORED LANDSCAPE OF COMPACT OBJECTS AND THEIR EXPLOSIVE ORIGINS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Multicolored Landscape of Compact Objects and Their
Explosive Origins
CY JUN 11-18, 2006
CL Cefalu, ITALY
SP Natl Inst Astrophys, Astron Observ Rome, Astron Observ Teramo, Astron Observ Cagliari, Univ Palermi, Dept Phys & Astron Sci, MIUR, Cefalu Local Council, Fond Mandralisca
DE quasars; accretion disks
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SOFT-X-RAY; RADIO-QUIET QUASARS; NON-LTE MODELS;
BIG BLUE BUMP; BLACK-HOLE; VERTICAL STRUCTURE; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS;
STELLAR ATMOSPHERES; THEORETICAL SPECTRA
AB An accretion flow onto a supermassive black hole is the primary process powering quasars. However, a geometry of this flow is not well constrained. Both global MHD simulations and observations suggest that there are several emission components present in the nucleus: an accretion disk, hot plasma (corona or sphere) with electrons scattering the optical and UV photons, and an outflow (wind/jet). The relative location and size of these emission components, as well as their "interplay" affect the emerging quasar spectrum. I review briefly standard accretion disk models and the recent progress, point out discrepancies between the predicted and observed spectra and discuss some issues in fitting these models to the broad-band spectral energy distribution of quasars. I present examples of models fitted simultaneously to the optical-UV-X-ray data and possible constraints on the parameters.
C1 [Siemiginowska, Aneta] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Siemiginowska, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 56
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0434-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 924
BP 764
EP 771
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGW72
UT WOS:000250989500043
ER
PT S
AU Barros, SCC
Marsh, TR
Dhillon, VS
Groot, PJ
Littlefair, S
Nelemans, G
Roelofs, G
Steeghs, D
Wheatley, PJ
AF Barros, S. C. C.
Marsh, T. R.
Dhillon, V. S.
Groot, P. J.
Littlefair, S.
Nelemans, G.
Roelofs, G.
Steeghs, D.
Wheatley, P. J.
BE Antonelli, LA
Israel, GL
Piersanti, L
Tornambe, A
TI Photometry of V407 Vul and RXJ0806.3+1527: Twin systems ?
SO MULTICOLORED LANDSCAPE OF COMPACT OBJECTS AND THEIR EXPLOSIVE ORIGINS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Multicolored Landscape of Compact Objects and Their
Explosive Origins
CY JUN 11-18, 2006
CL Cefalu, ITALY
SP Natl Inst Astrophys, Astron Observ Rome, Astron Observ Teramo, Astron Observ Cagliari, Univ Palermi, Dept Phys & Astron Sci, MIUR, Cefalu Local Council, Fond Mandralisca
DE close binaries; V407 Vul; RXJ0806.3+1527; white dwarfs; magnetic fields;
X-rays
ID CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS; ULTRACOMPACT BINARY; RX J0806.3+1527; PERIOD
BINARY; SPIN-UP; SPECTROSCOPY; VULPECULAE
AB We present new photometry of V407 Vul and RXJ0806.3+1527. These stars are thought to be ultra-compact pairs of white dwarfs and the shortest period binaries known. They have periods of 569 and 321 sec respectively. We found that the X-ray and optical light curves of RXJ0806.3+1527 are not anti-pbased as was previously thought. Instead, the X-ray lags the optical by 0.2 of cycle, indistinguishable from the phase offset seen in V407 Vul.
Although very similar to RXJ0806.3+1527, V407 Vul surprisingly is observed to have the spectrum of a G star. We test whether this could be a line-of-sight coincidence by searching for variations in the V407 Vul's position on the sky on the 569 second period. We find that the G star is separated from the variable by 0.03 arcsec, and has no direct connection with the 569 second source. This supports a common nature for V407 Vul and RXJ0806.3+1527.
C1 [Barros, S. C. C.; Marsh, T. R.; Wheatley, P. J.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
[Dhillon, V. S.; Littlefair, S.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England.
[Groot, P. J.; Nelemans, G.; Roelofs, G.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands.
[Steeghs, D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA.
RP Barros, SCC (reprint author), Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
RI Steeghs, Danny/C-5468-2009; Groot, Paul/K-4391-2016;
OI Steeghs, Danny/0000-0003-0771-4746; Groot, Paul/0000-0002-4488-726X;
Barros, Susana/0000-0003-2434-3625; Littlefair,
Stuart/0000-0001-7221-855X; Nelemans, Gijs/0000-0002-0752-2974;
Wheatley, Peter/0000-0003-1452-2240
FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia e Fundo Social Europeu no ambito do
III Quadro Comunitario de Apoio; PPARC Senior Research Fellowship;
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Clay Fellowship; NWO VIDI
[639.042.201]; NWO VENI [639.041.405]
FX SCC Barros is supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia e Fundo
Social Europeu no ambito do III Quadro Comunitario de Apoio. TRM
acknowledges the support of a PPARC Senior Research Fellowship. DS
acknowledges support of a Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Clay
Fellowship. PJG and GR are supported by NWO VIDI grant 639.042.201 and
GN by NWO VENI grant 639.041.405. Our data were acquired on the
4.2m WHT of the Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes, La Palma, on
the Liverpool Telescope and on the ESO VLT at Paranal in Chile. The ESO
proposal was 076.D-0228. We also made use of the ESO Paranal, NASA ADS
and SIMBAD data archives.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0434-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 924
BP 873
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGW72
UT WOS:000250989500058
ER
PT S
AU Korreck, KE
Kellogg, E
Sokoloski, JL
AF Korreck, K. E.
Kellogg, E.
Sokoloski, J. L.
BE Antonelli, LA
Israel, GL
Piersanti, L
Tornambe, A
TI A study of the mass loss rates of symbiotic star systems
SO MULTICOLORED LANDSCAPE OF COMPACT OBJECTS AND THEIR EXPLOSIVE ORIGINS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Multicolored Landscape of Compact Objects and Their
Explosive Origins
CY JUN 11-18, 2006
CL Cefalu, ITALY
SP Natl Inst Astrophys, Astron Observ Rome, Astron Observ Teramo, Astron Observ Cagliari, Univ Palermi, Dept Phys & Astron Sci, MIUR, Cefalu Local Council, Fond Mandralisca
DE symbiotics; mass accretion; R Aqr
ID R-AQUARII; CH-CYGNI; JET; ULTRAVIOLET; OUTFLOW; VARIABILITY; RESOLUTION;
BIPOLAR
AB The amount of mass loss in symbiotic systems is investigated, specifically mass loss via the formation of jets in R Aquarii (R Aqr). The jets in R Aqr have been observed in the Xray by Chandra over a four year time period. The jet changes on times scales of a year and new outflows have been observed. Understanding the amount of mass and the frequency of ejection further constrain the ability of the white dwarf in the system to accrete enough mass to become a Type la supernova progenitor. The details of multi-wavelength studies, such as speed, density and spatial extent of the jets will be discussed in order to understand the mass balance in the binary system. We examine other symbiotic systems to determine trends in mass loss in this class of objects.
C1 [Korreck, K. E.; Kellogg, E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Sokoloski, J. L.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA.
RP Korreck, KE (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
FU U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NAS8-03060]; NASA
[G04-3050A, NAS8-39073]; NSF [0302055]; Associated Universities, Inc.
FX K. E. Korreck would like to thank the American Astronomical Society for
the Travel grant to attend the conference where this work was presented.
The data presented here is from the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center,
which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for an on
behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract
NAS8-03060. This work is supported by the U.S. National Aeronautics and
Space Administration, NASA grant, G04-3050A and contract NAS8-39073. J.
Sokoloski is supported by NSF Award AST 0302055. NRAO is supported by
Associated Universities, Inc. under cooperative agreement with the NSF.
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0434-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 924
BP 903
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGW72
UT WOS:000250989500065
ER
PT S
AU Soria, R
Goncalves, AC
Kuncic, Z
AF Soria, R.
Goncalves, A. C.
Kuncic, Z.
BE Antonelli, LA
Israel, GL
Piersanti, L
Tornambe, A
TI Soft-excess in ULX spectra: the chilled-disk scenario
SO MULTICOLORED LANDSCAPE OF COMPACT OBJECTS AND THEIR EXPLOSIVE ORIGINS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Multicolored Landscape of Compact Objects and Their
Explosive Origins
CY JUN 11-18, 2006
CL Cefalu, ITALY
SP Natl Inst Astrophys, Astron Observ Rome, Astron Observ Teramo, Astron Observ Cagliari, Univ Palermi, Dept Phys & Astron Sci, MIUR, Cefalu Local Council, Fond Mandralisca
DE X-ray spectroscopy; black holes; X-ray binaries; Infall, accretion and
accretion disks; X-ray sources
ID X-RAY; BLACK-HOLES
AB Soft X-ray spectra of ULXs show small deviations from a power-law model, that can be attributed to reprocessing in a fast, ionized outflow, or to thermal emission from a cool disk. If it is thermal emission, the cool peak temperature can be explained by an inner disk that radiates only a small fraction of the gravitational power, transferring the rest to an upscattering medium which is then responsible for the dominant power-law component. This scenario does not require intermediate-mass black holes: we use a phenomenological model to show that the observed X-ray luminosities and spectra of ULXs are consistent with typical masses similar to 50MG(circle dot).
C1 [Soria, R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Goncalves, A. C.] Observ Paris, LUTH, F-92195 Meudon, France.
[Goncalves, A. C.] Observ Astron Lisboa, CAAUL, P-1349018 Lisbon, Portugal.
[Kuncic, Z.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
RP Soria, R (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Kuncic, Zdenka/B-4464-2008
NR 9
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0434-2
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 924
BP 919
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGW72
UT WOS:000250989500069
ER
PT J
AU Freudenheim, TL
AF Freudenheim, Tom L.
TI Single-minded (Daniel Grant's article about single-artist museums)
SO MUSEUM NEWS
LA English
DT Letter
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC MUSEUMS
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1575 EYE ST, NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0027-4089
J9 MUSEUM NEWS
JI Mus. News
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 86
IS 1
BP 9
EP 9
PG 1
WC Art
SC Art
GA 176JU
UT WOS:000247081800002
ER
PT J
AU Buschhaus, C
Herz, H
Jetter, R
AF Buschhaus, Christopher
Herz, Hubert
Jetter, Reinhard
TI Chemical composition of the epicuticular and intracuticular wax layers
on the adaxial side of Ligustrum vulgare leaves
SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE cuticular wax; leaf surface; plant cuticles; privet (Ligustrum vulgare);
triterpenoids
ID CUTICULAR WAXES; CRYSTALS; SYNTHASE; SURFACES
AB Previous research has shown that cuticular triterpenoids are exclusively found in the intracuticular wax layer of Prunus laurocerasus. To investigate whether this partitioning was species-specific, the intra- and epicuticular waxes were identified and quantified for the glossy leaves of Ligustrum vulgare, an unrelated shrub with similar wax morphology.
Epicuticular wax was mechanically stripped from the adaxial leaf surface using the adhesive gum arabic. Subsequently, the organic solvent chloroform was used to extract the intracuticular wax from within the cutin matrix. The isolated waxes were quantified using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection and identified by mass spectrometry. The results were visually confirmed by scanning electron microscopy.
The outer wax layer consisted entirely of homologous series of very-long-chain aliphatic compound classes. By contrast, the inner wax layer was dominated (80%) by two cyclic triterpenoids, ursolic and oleanolic acid.
The accumulation of triterpenoids in the intracuticular leaf wax of a second, unrelated species suggests that this localization may be a more general phenomenon in smooth cuticles lacking epicuticular wax crystals. The mechanism and possible ecological or physiological reasons for this separation are currently being investigated.
C1 Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
RP Jetter, R (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, 6270 Univ Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
EM jetter@interchange.ubc.ca
NR 15
TC 21
Z9 24
U1 3
U2 20
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0028-646X
J9 NEW PHYTOL
JI New Phytol.
PY 2007
VL 176
IS 2
BP 311
EP 316
DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02190.x
PG 6
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 215ZA
UT WOS:000249846300008
PM 17696977
ER
PT J
AU Cernusak, LA
Aranda, J
Marshall, JD
Winter, K
AF Cernusak, Lucas A.
Aranda, Jorge
Marshall, John D.
Winter, Klaus
TI Large variation in whole-plant water-use efficiency among tropical tree
species
SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon isotope; leaf nitrogen concentration; oxygen isotope;
transpiration ratio; tropical tree; water-use efficiency
ID CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; CRASSULACEAN ACID METABOLISM; RELATIVE
GROWTH-RATE; TRANSPIRATION EFFICIENCY; EUCALYPTUS-GLOBULUS; ELEVATED
CO2; DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION; HELIANTHUS-ANNUUS; DELTA-C-13 VALUES; LEAF
AB It is well known that whole-plant water-use efficiency (transpiration efficiency of carbon gain, TEC) varies among plant species with different photosynthetic pathways. However, less is known of such variation among tree species within the C-3 group. Here we measured the TEC of seven C-3 tropical tree species. Isotopic analyses (delta C-13, delta O-18, and delta N-15) and elemental analyses (carbon and nitrogen) were undertaken to provide insight into sources of variation in TEC.
Plants were grown over several months in approx. 80% full sunlight in individual 38-l containers in the Republic of Panama. Soil moisture content was nonlimiting.
Significant variation was observed in TEC among the C-3 tree species. Values ranged from 1.6 mmol C mol(-1) H2O for teak (Tectona grandis) to 4.0 mmol C mol(-1) H2O for a legume, Platymiscium pinnatum.
Variation in TEC was correlated with both leaf N concentration, a proxy for photosynthetic capacity, and oxygen-isotope enrichment, a proxy for stomatal conductance. The TEC varied with C-isotope discrimination within species, but the relationship broke down among species, reflecting the existence of species-specific offsets.
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
RP Cernusak, LA (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, POB 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
EM cernusakl@si.edu
RI Cernusak, Lucas/A-6859-2011
OI Cernusak, Lucas/0000-0002-7575-5526
NR 61
TC 50
Z9 64
U1 1
U2 30
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0028-646X
J9 NEW PHYTOL
JI New Phytol.
PY 2007
VL 173
IS 2
BP 294
EP 305
DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01913.x
PG 12
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 117KR
UT WOS:000242872500006
PM 17204076
ER
PT B
AU DeLuca, EE
AF DeLuca, Edward E.
BE Shibata, K
Nagata, S
Sakurai, T
TI The X-ray telescope for Solar-B: Calibration and predicted performance
SO NEW SOLAR PHYSICS WITH SOLAR-B MISSION
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Solar-B Science Meeting 2005
CY NOV 08-11, 2005
CL Kyoto Int Comm House, Kyoto, JAPAN
HO Kyoto Int Comm House
AB The X-Ray Telescope (XRT) for Solar-B will provide coronal imaging with unprecedented spatial and temporal coverage. XRT was subjected to several calibration tests during the course of its construction. The x-ray mirror and CCD were calibrated separately and the entire telescope was calibrated "end-to-end". The mirror and end-to-end tests were held at the NASA's Marshal Space Flight Center X-Ray Calibration Facility (XRCF). The CCD calibrations were performed at NAOJ. The calibration results show that XRT meets all of its design requirements, it will provide high resolution, multi-thermal, wide FOV, low scattering observations of the solar corona for Solar-B. XRT will be the highest spatial resolution solar X-Ray Telescope every flown, FWHM of the PSF is 10.4 mu m (0.8 arcsec). We will present the summary findings of the calibration efforts and discuss the performance of the XRT.
C1 Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP DeLuca, EE (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-237-2
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 369
BP 19
EP 30
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGY29
UT WOS:000251315600002
ER
PT B
AU Weber, M
AF Weber, Mark
CA XRT Team
BE Shibata, K
Nagata, S
Sakurai, T
TI Temperature analysis with the XRT
SO NEW SOLAR PHYSICS WITH SOLAR-B MISSION
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Solar-B Science Meeting 2005
CY NOV 08-11, 2005
CL Kyoto Int Comm House, Kyoto, JAPAN
HO Kyoto Int Comm House
AB The X-Ray Telescope on-board Solar-B has an array of nine diagnostic filters with which to analyze the temperature and differential emission measure of coronal plasma, which is spatially resolved with 1 arcsec pixels. We investigate the XRT's capabilities to discriminate temperatures and to recover differential emission measures, with both full and partial sets of the diagnostic filters.
C1 [Weber, Mark] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Weber, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St,MS-58, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-237-2
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 369
BP 63
EP 66
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGY29
UT WOS:000251315600011
ER
PT J
AU Faden, RB
AF Faden, Robert B.
TI New species of Tricarpelema (Commelinaceae) from Africa and Asia,
including the first record of the genus from Africa and a synopsis of
the genus
SO NOVON
LA English
DT Article
DE Africa; commelinaceae; inselberg; Tricarpelema; Vietnam
AB Tricarpelema africanum Faden is described from Central Africa, representing the first African species of the otherwise Asian genus. The species is so distinct that Tricarpelema J. K. Morton subgen. Keatingia Faden is described for it, based mainly on its unusual vegetative morphology. Tricarpelema brevipedicellatum Faden is described from Vietnamese collections that were previously treated as Aneilema montanum (Wight) Wallich ex C. B. Clarke or Dictyospermum montanum Wight. It differs from all other continental Asian species by its one-seeded locules. A key to all eight named Tricarpelema species is provided, along with a synopsis of the species, including full taxonomy and synonymy. Pollia subumbellata C. B. Clarke var. glabra Hallier f. is a new synonym for T. philippense (Panigrahi) Faden. The following names are lectotypified: T. giganteum (Hasskarl) H. Hara, T. philippense (Panigrahi) Faden, and Pollia subumbellata C. B. Clarke var. glabra Hallier f.
C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Faden, RB (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, MRC-166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM fadenr@si.edu
NR 22
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 1
PU MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN
PI ST LOUIS
PA 2345 TOWER GROVE AVENUE, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 USA
SN 1055-3177
J9 NOVON
JI Novon
PY 2007
VL 17
IS 2
BP 160
EP 171
DI 10.3417/1055-3177(2007)17[160:NSOTCF]2.0.CO;2
PG 12
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 183WN
UT WOS:000247603200006
ER
PT J
AU Robinson, H
Keeley, SC
AF Robinson, Harold
Keeley, Sterling C.
TI Additions to the genus Pseudopiptocarpha (Asteraeeae, vernonieae) from
Northern South America
SO NOVON
LA English
DT Article
DE Asteraceae; Colombia; Lepidaploa; Pseudopiptocarpha; Venezuela;
Vernonieae
ID ASTERACEAE
AB Pseudopiptocarpha garcia-barrigae H. Robinson & S. C. Keeley is described as new, and P. tovarensis (Gleason) H. Robinson & S. C. Keeley of Venezuela (Asteraceae, Vernonieae) is transferred from Lepidaploa (Cassini) Cassini. The new species and P. tovarensis have branching inflorescences unlike the two previously known members of Pseudopiptocarpha H. Robinson. All four species of Pseudopiptocarpha have Aynia H. Robinson-type pollen. Which does not occur in Lepidaploa as redelimited.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Robinson, H (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC-166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM robinsoh@si.edu; sterling@hawaii.edu
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN
PI ST LOUIS
PA 2345 TOWER GROVE AVENUE, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 USA
SN 1055-3177
J9 NOVON
JI Novon
PY 2007
VL 17
IS 2
BP 255
EP 259
DI 10.3417/1055-3177(2007)17[255:ATTGPA]2.0.CO;2
PG 5
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 183WN
UT WOS:000247603200019
ER
PT J
AU Nordstrom, KF
Hartman, J
Freestone, AL
Wong, M
Jackson, NL
AF Nordstrom, Karl F.
Hartman, JeanMarie
Freestone, Amy L.
Wong, Mark
Jackson, Nancy L.
TI Changes in topography and vegetation near gaps in a protective foredune
SO OCEAN & COASTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID POSITIVE INTERACTIONS; DUNE; ISLAND; PLANT; COAST; STABILIZATION;
COMMUNITIES
AB Data gathered on a foredune on a nourished beach reveal the relationships between topography and plant communities at gaps in the dune crest. Sand inundation at gaps allows plants in some portions of the dune to rejuvenate to earlier successional stages, while an increase in richness occurs in other portions. Ammophila breviligulata can create an initial dune ridge, colonize new areas of bare sand within the dune field, facilitate growth of other species, and provide a natural alternative to fencing in managing gaps. Foredune mobility can be considered a positive factor if beach width and dune volume provide adequate protection. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Dept Landscape Architecture, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Environm Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA.
RP Nordstrom, KF (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
EM nordstro@marine.rutgers.edu
NR 38
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0964-5691
J9 OCEAN COAST MANAGE
JI Ocean Coastal Manage.
PY 2007
VL 50
IS 11-12
BP 945
EP 959
DI 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2007.04.004
PG 15
WC Oceanography; Water Resources
SC Oceanography; Water Resources
GA 230UU
UT WOS:000250902400006
ER
PT J
AU Richards, LA
Coley, PD
AF Richards, Lora A.
Coley, Phyllis D.
TI Seasonal and habitat differences affect the impact of food and predation
on herbivores: a comparison between gaps and understory of a tropical
forest
SO OIKOS
LA English
DT Article
ID BOTTOM-UP FORCES; NATURAL PRODUCTIVITY GRADIENT; TOP-DOWN; TREEFALL
GAPS; EXPLOITATION ECOSYSTEMS; TROPHIC INTERACTIONS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY;
RELATIVE ROLES; RAIN-FOREST; WET FOREST
AB Herbivore populations are influenced by a combination of food availability and predator pressure, the relative contribution of which is hypothesized to vary across a productivity gradient. In tropical forests, treefall gaps are pockets of high productivity in the otherwise less productive forest understory. Thus, we hypothesize that higher light availability in gaps will increase plant resources, thereby decreasing resource limitation of herbivores relative to the understory. As a result, predators should regulate herbivore populations in gaps, whereas food should limit herbivores in the understory. We quantified potential food availability and compared arthropod herbivore and predator densities in large forest light gaps and in the intact understory in Panama. Plants, young leaves, herbivores and predators were significantly more abundant per ground area in gaps than in the understory. This pattern was similar when we focused on seven gap specialist plant species and 15 shade-tolerant species growing in gaps and understory. Consistent with the hypothesis, herbivory rates were higher in gaps than the understory. Per capita predation rates on artificial caterpillars indicated higher predation pressure in gaps in both the dry and late wet seasons. These diverse lines of evidence all suggest that herbivores experience higher predator pressure in gaps and more food limitation in the understory.
C1 Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
RP Richards, LA (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Biol, 257 S 1400 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
EM lrichards@bio.mq.edu.au
NR 47
TC 51
Z9 54
U1 3
U2 41
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0030-1299
J9 OIKOS
JI Oikos
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 116
IS 1
BP 31
EP 40
DI 10.1111/j.2006.0030-1299.15043.x
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 125AJ
UT WOS:000243413600004
ER
PT S
AU Romaine, S
Basso, S
Bruni, RJ
Burkert, W
Citterio, O
Cotroneo, V
Engelhaupt, D
Freyberg, MJ
Gorenstein, P
Gubarev, M
Hartner, G
Mazzoleni, F
O'Dell, S
Pareschi, G
Ramsey, BD
Speegle, C
Spiga, D
AF Romaine, S.
Basso, S.
Bruni, R. J.
Burkert, W.
Citterio, O.
Cotroneo, V.
Engelhaupt, D.
Freyberg, M. J.
Gorenstein, P.
Gubarev, M.
Hartner, G.
Mazzoleni, F.
O'Dell, S.
Pareschi, G.
Ramsey, B. D.
Speegle, C.
Spiga, D.
BE ODell, SL
Pareschi, G
TI Development of a prototype nickel optic for the constellation-X hard
X-ray telescope - art. no. 668804
SO OPTICS FOR EUV, X-RAY, AND GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY III
SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
(SPIE)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optics for EUV, X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Astronomy III
CY AUG 29-30, 2007
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE X-ray telescopes; X-ray optics; multilayers; electroformed optics
ID MISSION
AB The Constellation-X mission concept has been streamlined to a single Atlas V 551 configuration. This decision was reached by the project team after considering the increases in launch costs announced in 2006 coupled with the constrained budget environment apparent with the release of the NASA 2007 budget. Along with the Spectroscopy X-ray Telescopes, this new configuration continues to carry a Hard X-ray Telescope (HXT) component, with some modifications to the original requirements to adjust to the new configuration. The total effective area requirement in the 7-40 keV band has been reduced, but at the same time the angular resolution requirement has been increased from 1 arcmin to 30 arcsec.
The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Marshall Space Flight Center and Brera Observatory (Italy) have been collaborating to develop an HXT which meets the requirements of Constellation-X. The development work we have been engaged in to produce multilayer coated Electroformed-Nickel-Replicated (ENR) shells is well suited for this new configuration.
We report here on results of fabrication and testing of a prototype optic for the HXT. Full beam illumination X-ray tests, taken at MPE-Panter Test Facility, show that these optics meet the new requirement of 30 arcsec for the streamlined Constellation-X configuration.
This report also presents preliminary results from studies using titanium nitride as a release agent to simplify and improve the nickel electroforming replication process.
C1 [Romaine, S.; Bruni, R. J.; Gorenstein, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Romaine, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
OI Pareschi, Giovanni/0000-0003-3967-403X; O'Dell,
Stephen/0000-0002-1868-8056
NR 9
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-6836-9
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2007
VL 6688
BP 68804
EP 68804
DI 10.1117/12.736063
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BHC23
UT WOS:000252164500003
ER
PT S
AU Gorenstein, P
AF Gorenstein, Paul
BE ODell, SL
Pareschi, G
TI A wide-field hybrid X-ray telescope for a lunar-based gamma ray burst
observatory - art. no. 668807
SO OPTICS FOR EUV, X-RAY, AND GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY III
SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
(SPIE)
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Optics for EUV, X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Astronomy III
CY AUG 29-30, 2007
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE gamma ray bursts; X-rays; Moon; lunar base
ID ILLUMINATION; POLE
AB Gamma ray bursts have become as important as supernova in astrophysics and cosmology and they should be studied with the same amount of diligence and continuity. Most of the types of telescopes and detectors needed already exist and in fact have already been in space. The addition of a very wide field, high angular resolution X-ray telescope would open a much larger window to bursts whose spectra are soft, either intrinsically or as a result of high redshift. Sensitivity in the X-ray band also benefits from the large number of photons of the X-ray afterglow. To fill that role we describe a telescope that is a lobster-eye optic in one dimension and a coded aperture in the other. It has larger area and bandwidth than a two-dimensional lobster-eye optic but is subject to more background. A permanent site that can accommodate a complete set of instruments that covers the entire energy range from soft X-ray to gamma ray would be preferable to the current practice of launching new spacecraft periodically with instruments that cover only part of the range. Astronomers generally favor free space, over the Moon as an observatory site. However, the architecture of a gamma ray burst observatory is more compatible with a lunar base than is the typical observatory. The instruments can be delivered gradually and perhaps at lower cost to the astrophysics budget through an Earth-Moon transportation system that is supported by the Exploration program.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Gorenstein, P (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-6836-9
J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS
PY 2007
VL 6688
BP 68807
EP 68807
DI 10.1117/12.728645
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics
GA BHC23
UT WOS:000252164500006
ER
PT J
AU Strong, EE
Glaubrecht, M
AF Strong, Ellen E.
Glaubrecht, Matthias
TI The morphology and independent origin of ovoviviparity in Tiphobia and
Lavigeria (Caenogastropoda : cerithioidea : paludomidae) from Lake
Tanganyika
SO ORGANISMS DIVERSITY & EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE anatomy; brood pouch; development; freshwater; ontogeny; phylogeny
ID MOLECULAR-GENETICS; EAST-AFRICA; GASTROPODS CERITHIOIDEA; THALASSOID
GASTROPODS; REPRODUCTIVE-BIOLOGY; CICHLID FISHES; SPECIES FLOCK; ANCIENT
LAKES; PACHYCHILIDAE; SPECIATION
AB To better understand the diversification of the endemic thalassoid (i.e. marine-like) cerithioidean gastropods of Lake Tanganyika, as well as the origin and significance of brooding among lake species, we here redescribe the anatomy and ontogeny of the ovoviviparous Tiphobia horei from Lake Tanganyika and compare it to that of Lavigeria sp. A, representing another ovoviviparous take clade that has acquired a uterine brood pouch independently. Within the phylogenetic framework provided by recent molecular analyses, the distant relation of these two taxa is corroborated by many external and internal anatomical differences. Comparison of the brood pouches demonstrates that they each bear unique features consistent with their independent modification for brooding. Despite representing functionally analogous structures, they also share several similarities in organization likely representing symplesiornorphies of the Lake Tanganyika species flock. The ontogeny is characterized by the presence of a velum and by delayed calcification producing a characteristically wrinkled embryonic cap. Comparison with other brooding cerithioideans reveals that T horei and Lavigeria sp. A retain many more embryos than other freshwater cerithioideans of comparable size with a uterine brood pouch, possibly facilitated by the presence of longitudinal lamellae. Compartmentalization of the oviduct and delayed calcification is strongly linked to the brooding of embryos. (c) 2006 Gesellschaft fur Biologische Systematik. Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Humboldt Univ, Museum Nat Hist, Dept Malacozool, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.
RP Strong, EE (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 163, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM StrongE@si.edu
OI Strong, Ellen/0000-0001-7181-4114
NR 82
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 1439-6092
J9 ORG DIVERS EVOL
JI Org. Divers. Evol.
PY 2007
VL 7
IS 2
BP 81
EP 105
DI 10.1016/j.ode.2006.02.003
PG 25
WC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology
SC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology
GA 201BI
UT WOS:000248806100001
ER
PT J
AU Logue, DM
AF Logue, David M.
TI A Greater Ani (Crotophaga major) gives a nuptial gift while copulating
SO ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL
LA English
DT Article
DE nuptial feeding; Greater Ani; Crotophaga major; paternal investment;
food for sex; copulation
ID INVESTMENT; MALES; FOOD
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Logue, DM (reprint author), Univ Lethbridge, Dept Biol Sci, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.
EM david.logue@uleth.ca
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 3
PU NEOTROPICAL ORNITHOLOGICAL SOCIETY, USGS PATUXENT WILDLIFE RESEARCH
CENTER
PI ATHENS
PA UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA, WARNELL SCHOOL OF FOREST RESOURCES, ATHENS, GA
USA
SN 1075-4377
J9 ORNITOL NEOTROP
JI ORNITOL. NEOTROP.
PY 2007
VL 18
IS 2
BP 311
EP 312
PG 2
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 179WV
UT WOS:000247322000016
ER
PT J
AU Robbins, MB
Braun, MJ
Milensky, CM
Schmidt, BK
Prince, W
Rice, NH
Finch, DW
O'Shea, BJ
AF Robbins, Mark B.
Braun, Michael J.
Milensky, Christopher M.
Schmidt, Brian K.
Prince, Waidyke
Rice, Nathan H.
Finch, Davis W.
O'Shea, Brian J.
TI Avifauna of the upper Essequibo River and Acary mountains, southern
Guyana
SO ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL
LA English
DT Article
DE avifauna; Essequibo River; Acary mountains; Guyana; new records
AB We conducted two extensive and several shorter-term avifaunal surveys during different seasons in the upper Essequibo River drainage of extreme southern Guyana, one of the least human-impacted areas on the planet. A total of 441 avian species were recorded including the first Guyana records for 12 species. Four additional species were documented with the first Guyana specimens. Relative abundance, habitat preferences, and breeding status are presented. The species list for the, Upper Essequibo region is higher than that for an intensively studied site north of Manaus, Brazil, but lower than that for the Iwokrama Forest in central Guyana. The likely explanation for differences in species composition between these sites is habitat heterogeneity.
C1 Univ Kansas, Nat Hist Museum, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
Univ Kansas, Biodivers Res Ctr KUMNH, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
Natl Museum Nat Hist USNM, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Smithsonian Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Div Birds, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Iwokrama Int Ctr, Georgetown, Guyana.
Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA.
Louisiana State Univ, Dept Sci Biol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Robbins, MB (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Nat Hist Museum, 1345 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
EM mrobbins@ku.edu
NR 26
TC 5
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 4
PU NEOTROPICAL ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC, USGS PATUXENT WILDLIFE RESEARCH CTR
PI ATHENS
PA UNIV GEORGIA, WARNELL SCH FOREST RESOURCES, ATHENS, GA 30602-2152 USA
SN 1075-4377
J9 ORNITOL NEOTROP
JI ORNITOL. NEOTROP.
PY 2007
VL 18
IS 3
BP 339
EP 368
PG 30
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 213CW
UT WOS:000249644600002
ER
PT J
AU Renner, SC
Rappole, JH
Leimgruber, P
Kelly, DS
Shwe, NM
Aung, T
Aung, M
AF Renner, Swen C.
Rappole, John H.
Leimgruber, Peter
Kelly, Daniel S.
Shwe, Nay Myo
Aung, Thein
Aung, Myint
TI Land cover in the Northern Forest Complex of Myanmar: new insights for
conservation
SO ORYX
LA English
DT Article
DE deforestation; Himalaya; land cover classification; Myanmar; Northern
Forest Complex; South-east Asia; tropical forest
ID BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS; FRAGMENTATION; POPULATION; PATTERNS; BURMA
AB We classified land cover in the Northern Forest Complex in Myanmar using satellite imagery (MODIS/NDVI) and field surveys carried out in 2001, 2004 and 2005. Using Landsat TM/ETM+ images from 1991 and 1999 we determined deforestation rates. The c. 22,000 km(2) Northern Forest Complex, including the Hkakabo Razi National Park in northern Kachin State, is characterized by tropical to subtropical pristine forests with low human impact. The area studied, which includes land beyond the boundaries of Hkakabo Razi National Park, is of special conservation importance because it provides a refuge for many rare plant and animal species. Less than 1.4% of the area is affected by humans (excluding hunting) and deforestation rates are low at < 0.01% annually. We observed several bird and mammal species that are considered threatened elsewhere. Based on our data, those of previous surveys, and the fact that > 10 new vertebrate species have been described in the region since 1999, it is likely there are still undescribed vertebrate species to be discovered. We recommend extending the boundaries of Hkakabo Razi National Park to the south and west, connecting it to Hpongkan Razi Wildlife Sanctuary, and/or adding an additional sanctuary in the Naung Mung area, to protect the vast yet still pristine rainforest habitats that are home to many of the most important aspects of the region's biodiversity.
C1 Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Inst, Conservat & Res Ctr, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA.
W Gyogone Insein, Nat & Wildlife Conservat Div, Dept Forestry, Yangon, Myanmar.
RP Renner, SC (reprint author), Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Inst, Conservat & Res Ctr, 1500 Reymont Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA.
EM renners@si.edu
RI Renner, Swen/J-3502-2014; Leimgruber, Peter/O-1304-2015
OI Renner, Swen/0000-0002-6893-4219; Leimgruber, Peter/0000-0002-3682-0153
NR 49
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 18
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0030-6053
J9 ORYX
JI Oryx
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 1
BP 27
EP 37
DI 10.1017/S0030605307001603
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 158BT
UT WOS:000245766600010
ER
PT J
AU Fortunato, H
AF Fortunato, Helena
TI Naticid gastropod predation in the gatun formation (late middle
miocene), Panama: preliminary assessment
SO PALAEONTOLOGISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT
LA English
DT Article
DE fossil record; late Middle Miocene; Panama; marine mollusks; predation
intensity
ID DRILLING PREDATION; SHELL STRENGTH; COASTAL-PLAIN; FOSSIL RECORD; PREY;
HYPOTHESIS; TIME; PALEOECOLOGY; PLEISTOCENE; ESCALATION
AB Understanding predator-prey interactions is an important component of community studies, both present and past. Patterns of naticid predation in a fossil molluscan assemblage were studied by examination of drilling frequencies in a series of samples collected at three sites of the Gatun Formation (late Middle Miocene), Panama. Overall drilling intensities were relatively low (18 %) and were not correlated with abundance. Turritellids. turrids, and terebrids (making up to 11% of the studied fauna) were the most consumed, representing almost 29 % of the total prey. Especially important were turritellids representing over 20 % of the total consumed prey. Albeit abundant (54 % of the studied fauna), columbellids, cerithiids. and marginellids showed low drilling intensities (8.2-10.4 %). Naticids were the major predators. Con-familial drilling among naticids is high and did not seem to be related to absence of preferred prey. Consistent with other studies, these data indicate that predators demonstrate high prey selectivity.
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Palaeoecol & Archaeol, Balboa, Panama.
RP Fortunato, H (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Palaeoecol & Archaeol, POB 0843-00153, Balboa, Panama.
EM fortunae@si.edu
NR 76
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 4
PU E SCHWEIZERBARTSCHE VERLAGS
PI STUTTGART
PA NAEGELE U OBERMILLER, SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, JOHANNESSTRASSE 3A, D 70176
STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 0031-0220
J9 PALAEONTOL Z
JI Palaontol. Z.
PY 2007
VL 81
IS 3
BP 356
EP 364
PG 9
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 222KJ
UT WOS:000250294700014
ER
PT J
AU Bambach, RK
Bush, AM
Erwin, DH
AF Bambach, Richard K.
Bush, Andrew M.
Erwin, Douglas H.
TI Autecology and the filling of ecospace: Key metazoan radiations
SO PALAEONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE theoretical ecospace; evolutionary constraint; mode of life; ecological
complexity; tiering; motility; feeding
ID MESOZOIC MARINE REVOLUTION; FOSSIL RECORD; EDIACARAN BIOTAS; EVOLUTION;
DIVERSITY; BODY; INVERTEBRATES; PALEOECOLOGY; PERSPECTIVES; COMMUNITIES
AB All possible combinations of six tiering positions in relation to the substratum/water interface, six motility levels and six feeding strategies define a complete theoretical ecospace of 216 potential modes of life for marine animals. The number of modes of life actually utilized specifies realized ecospace. Owing to constraints of effectiveness and efficiency the modern marine fauna utilizes only about half the potential number of modes of life, two-thirds of which (62 of 92) are utilized by animals with readily preserved, mineralized hard parts. Realized ecospace has increased markedly since the early evolution of animal ecosystems. The Ediacaran fauna utilized at most 12 modes of life, with just two practised by skeletal organisms. A total of 30 modes of life are recorded in the Early and Middle Cambrian, 19 of which were utilized by skeletal organisms. The other 11 are documented from soft-bodied animals preserved in the Chengjiang and Burgess Shale Konservat-Lagerstatten. The number of modes of life utilized by skeletal organisms increased by more than 50 per cent during the Ordovician radiation to a Late Ordovician total of 30. Between the Late Ordovician and the Recent the number of utilized modes of life has doubled again. The autecological and taxonomic diversity histories of the marine metazoa appear to be broadly parallel, and future studies of theoretical ecospace utilization should provide more detailed tests of pattern and process in the ecological history of the metazoa.
C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
Univ Connecticut, Ctr Integrat Geosci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
RP Bambach, RK (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, MRC-121,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM bambachr@si.edu; andrew.bush@uconn.edu; erwind@si.edu
RI Erwin, Douglas/A-9668-2009
NR 99
TC 100
Z9 104
U1 8
U2 26
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0031-0239
EI 1475-4983
J9 PALAEONTOLOGY
JI Paleontology
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 50
BP 1
EP 22
DI 10.1111/j.1475-4983.2006.00611.x
PN 1
PG 22
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 123PN
UT WOS:000243307900001
ER
PT J
AU Jaramillo, CA
Pardo-Trujillo, A
Rueda, M
Torres, V
Harrington, GJ
Mora, G
AF Jaramillo, Carlos A.
Pardo-Trujillo, Andres
Rueda, Milton
Torres, Vladimir
Harrington, Guy J.
Mora, German
TI The palynology of the Cerrejon Formation (upper Paleocene) of northern
Colombia
SO PALYNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Paleocene; tropics; pollen; diversity; coal; paleoecology; South America
ID SOUTH-AMERICA; EOCENE; BASIN; VEGETATION; DIVERSITY; VENEZUELA;
GRADIENTS; BOUNDARY; ARACEAE; CLIMATE
AB A palynological study of the Cerrejon Formation was conducted in order to date the formation and understand the floristic composition and diversity of a Paleocene tropical site. The Cerrejon Formation outcrops in the Cerrejon Coal Mine, the largest open cast coal mine in the world. Two cores (725 m) were provided by Carbones del Cerrejon LLC for study. Two hundred samples were prepared for palynology, and at least 150 palynomorphs were counted per sample where possible. Several statistical techniques including rarefaction, species accumulation curves, detrended correspondence analysis, and Anosim were used to analyze the floristic composition and diversity of the palynofloras. Palynomorph assemblages indicate that the age of the Cerrejon Formation and the overlying Tabaco Formation is Middle to Late Paleocene (ca. 60-58 Ma). Major structural repetitions were not found in the Cerrejon Formation in the Cerrejon coal mine, and there is little floral variation throughout. The floral composition, diversity, and lithofacies do not change significantly. Lithofacies associations and floral composition indicate deposition fluctuating from an estuarine-influenced coastal plain at the base to a fluvial-influenced coastal plain at the top. There are, however, significant differences in the composition and diversity of coal and siliciclastic samples. Coal palynofloras have fewer morphospecies, and a distinct and more homogeneous floral assemblage compared to assemblages from the intervening sisliciclastic strata, suggesting that tropical swampy environments supported fewer plant species and had a distinct vegetation adapted to permanently wet environments.
C1 [Jaramillo, Carlos A.; Pardo-Trujillo, Andres] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Unit 0948, APO, AA 34002 USA.
[Pardo-Trujillo, Andres] Univ Caldas, Fac Ciencias, Dept Ciencias Geol, Manizales, Colombia.
[Rueda, Milton; Torres, Vladimir] Colombian Petr Inst, Biostratig Team, Bucaramanga 4185, Colombia.
[Harrington, Guy J.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Mora, German] Iowa State Univ, Dept Geol & Atmospher Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Jaramillo, CA (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Unit 0948, APO, AA 34002 USA.
EM jaramilloc@si.edu
NR 80
TC 47
Z9 51
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER ASSOC STRATIGRAPHIC PALYNOLOGISTS FOUNDATION
PI COLLEGE STATION
PA C/O VAUGHN M BRYANT, JR, PALNOLOGY LABORATORY, TEXAS A & M UNIV, COLLEGE
STATION, TX 77843-4352, UNITED STATES
SN 0191-6122
J9 PALYNOLOGY
JI Palynology
PY 2007
VL 31
BP 153
EP 189
DI 10.2113/gspalynol.31.1.153
PG 37
WC Plant Sciences; Paleontology
SC Plant Sciences; Paleontology
GA 252GN
UT WOS:000252435100015
ER
PT B
AU Goddard, I
AF Goddard, Ives
BE Wolfart, HC
TI Reconstruction and history of the independent indicative
SO PAPERS OF THE THIRTY-EIGHTH ALGONQUIAN CONFERENCE
SE PAPERS OF THE ALGONQUIAN CONFERENCE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 38th Algonquian Conference 2006
CY OCT 27-29, 2006
CL Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, CANADA
HO Univ British Columbia
ID LINGUISTIC EVIDENCE; ORDER; VERBS
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 69
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV MANITOBA PRESS
PI WINNIPEG
PA 244 ENGINEERING BLDG, WINNIPEG, MANITOBA R3T 2N2, CANADA
J9 PAP ALGON CONF
PY 2007
VL 38
BP 207
EP 271
PG 65
WC Linguistics
SC Linguistics
GA BHE39
UT WOS:000252430800009
ER
PT J
AU Medianero, E
Castano-Meneses, G
Tishechkin, A
Basset, Y
Barrios, H
Odegaard, F
Cline, AR
Bail, J
AF Medianero, Enrique
Castano-Meneses, Gabriela
Tishechkin, Alexey
Basset, Yves
Barrios, Hector
Odegaard, Frode
Cline, Andrew R.
Bail, Johannes
TI Influence of local illumination and plant composition on the spatial and
seasonal distribution of litter-dwelling arthropods in a tropical
rainforest
SO PEDOBIOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE basal area; canonical partitioning; litter; pitfall traps; soil;
taxonomic resolution
ID BEETLE COMMUNITIES; EVERGREEN FOREST; CENTRAL AMAZONIA; ECOLOGICAL DATA;
SOIL ANIMALS; COSTA-RICA; INVERTEBRATES; GRADIENT; BIODIVERSITY; SCALE
AB Using pitfall traps, we evaluated the spatial and seasonal variance in arthropod abundance, species richness, higher taxonomic and species composition, and guild structure within the ground litter of seven sites in a relatively undisturbed rainforest in Panama. We examined each of these five arthropod-dependent variables at two spatial scales (a few meters and a few hundred meters) and one temporal scale (a few months encompassing dry and wet periods), against environmental variables including local illumination and plant composition. Trap catches (9458 arthropods collected during 630 trap-days) were high compared to similar studies in temperate forests. We observed spatial and seasonal differences in abundance, species richness and composition of litter-dwelling arthropods. Often these differences appeared weakly related to geographical coordinates. They reflected forest structure (basal area) and local plant composition, and less so illumination patterns or seasonal changes in radiation. Seasonal variance was high and may relate to surrogate variables accounting for seasonal changes in litter moisture. The composition of higher taxa and species was often predicted by different independent variables at the three scales studied. Guild structure was difficult to predict. Our study lead us to expect that litter-dwelling arthropods may be more seasonal than soil microarthropods in tropical rainforests; and that tropical litter-dwelling arthropods may also be more spatially variable and seasonal than their temperate counterparts. We also recommend that conservation studies using pitfall traps in tropical rainforests should focus on: (1) taxonomic resolution to understand the functional complexity of soil organisms; (2) spatial replication to address subtle changes in plant composition throughout the study area; and (3) seasonal replicates to be commensurate with seasonal changes in litter moisture. (C) 2007 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
C1 Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, Dept Biodiversidad & Biol Evolut, Madrid 28006, Spain.
Univ Panama, Vicerrectoria Invest & Postgrado, Programa Centroamericano Maestria Entomol, Panama City 0824, Panama.
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Dept Ecol & Recursos Nat, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
Louisiana State Univ, Dept Entomol, Lousiana State Arthropod Museum, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama.
Norwegian Inst Nature Res, N-7485 Trondheim, Norway.
Calif Dept Food & Agr Plant Pest Diagnost, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA.
Inst Zool, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
RP Medianero, E (reprint author), Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, Dept Biodiversidad & Biol Evolut, C Jose Gutierrrez Abasca 2, Madrid 28006, Spain.
EM mcnem823@mncn.csic.es; gcm@hp.fciencias.unam.mx; atishe1@lsu.edu;
hbarrios@ancon.up.ac.pa; hbarrios@ancon.up.ac.pa;
frode.odegaard@nina.no; ACline@cdfa.ca.gov; johannes_bail@hotmail.com
RI Basset, Yves/B-6642-2014
NR 61
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 0031-4056
J9 PEDOBIOLOGIA
JI Pedobiologia
PY 2007
VL 51
IS 2
BP 131
EP 145
DI 10.1016/j.pedobi.2007.03.004
PG 15
WC Ecology; Soil Science
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture
GA 186OU
UT WOS:000247788800005
ER
PT J
AU Li, JH
Johnson, DP
Dijkstra, P
Hungate, BA
Hinkle, CR
Drake, BG
AF Li, J. H.
Johnson, D. P.
Dijkstra, P.
Hungate, B. A.
Hinkle, C. R.
Drake, B. G.
TI Elevated CO2 mitigates the adverse effects of drought on daytime net
ecosystem CO2 exchange and photosynthesis in a Florida scrub-oak
ecosystem
SO PHOTOSYNTHETICA
LA English
DT Article
DE air vapor pressure deficit; net ecosystem CO2 exchange; open-top
chamber; Quercus myrtifolia; stomatal conductance
ID PLANT WATER RELATIONS; STOMATAL RESPONSE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; GAS-EXCHANGE;
PHOTOCHEMICAL EFFICIENCY; CARBON-DIOXIDE; PICEA-ABIES; ACCLIMATION;
DEFICIT; GROWTH
AB Drought is a normal, recurrent feature of climate. In order to understand the potential effect of increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration (C-a) on ecosystems, it is essential to determine the combined effects of drought and elevated C-a (E-C) under field conditions. A severe drought occurred in Central Florida in 1998 when precipitation was 88 % less than the average between 1984 and 2002. We determined daytime net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) before, during, and after the drought in the Florida scrub-oak ecosystem exposed to doubled C-a in open-top chamber since May 1996. We measured diurnal leaf net photosynthetic rate (P-N) of Quercus myrtfolia Willd, the dominant species, during and after the drought. Drought caused a midday depression in NEE and P-N at ambient CO2 concentration (AC) and EC. EC mitigated the midday depression in NEE by about 60 % compared to AC and the effect of EC on leaf P-N was similar to its effect on NEE. Growth in EC lowered the sensitivity of NEE to air vapor pressure deficit under drought. Thus EC would help the scrub-oak ecosystem to survive the consequences of the effects of rising atmospheric CO2 on climate change, including increased frequency of drought, while simultaneously sequestering more anthropogenic carbon.
C1 Smithsonian CO2 Site, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA.
Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
Dynamac Corp, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA.
RP Li, JH (reprint author), Smithsonian CO2 Site, Mail Code DYN-2, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA.
EM lij@si.edu
RI Hungate, Bruce/F-8991-2011
OI Hungate, Bruce/0000-0002-7337-1887
NR 32
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 9
PU ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBLIC, INST EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
PI PRAGUE 6
PA NA KARLOVCE 1A, PRAGUE 6 CZ-160 00, CZECH REPUBLIC
SN 0300-3604
J9 PHOTOSYNTHETICA
JI Photosynthetica
PY 2007
VL 45
IS 1
BP 51
EP 58
DI 10.1007/s11099-007-0008-2
PG 8
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 143BX
UT WOS:000244696100008
ER
PT J
AU Muller, HSP
McCarthy, MC
Bizzocchi, L
Gupta, H
Esser, S
Lichau, H
Caris, M
Lewen, F
Hahn, J
Esposti, CD
Schlemmer, S
Thaddeus, P
AF Mueller, H. S. P.
McCarthy, M. C.
Bizzocchi, L.
Gupta, H.
Esser, S.
Lichau, H.
Caris, M.
Lewen, F.
Hahn, J.
Esposti, C. Degli
Schlemmer, S.
Thaddeus, P.
TI Rotational spectroscopy of the isotopic species of silicon monosulfide,
SiS
SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DIATOMIC-MOLECULES; DIPOLE MOMENTS; HYPERFINE-STRUCTURE;
PB-CHALCOGENIDES; ELECTRIC-DIPOLE; MASER EMISSION; FIELD SHIFT; LINE
SURVEY; TL-HALIDES; IRC +10216
AB Pure rotational transitions of silicon monosulfide ((SiS)-Si-28-S-32) and its rare isotopic species have been observed in their ground as well as vibrationally excited states by employing Fourier transform microwave (FTMW) spectroscopy of a supersonic molecular beam at centimetre wavelengths (13-37 GHz) and by using long-path absorption spectroscopy at millimetre and submillimetre wavelengths (127-925 GHz). The latter measurements include 91 transition frequencies for (SiS)-Si-28-S-32, (SiS)-Si-28-S-33, (SiS)-Si-28-S-34, (SiS)-Si-29-S-32 and (SiS)-Si-30-S-32 in v = 0, as well as 5 lines for (SiS)-Si-28-S-32 in v = 1, with rotational quantum numbers J '' <= 52. The centimetre-wave measurements include more than 300 newly recorded lines. Together with previous data they result in almost 600 transitions (J '' = 0 and 1) from all twelve possible isotopic species, including (SiS)-Si-29-S-36 and (SiS)-Si-30-S-36, which have fractional abundances of about 7 x 10(-6) and 4.5 x 10(-6), respectively. Rotational transitions were observed from v = 0 for the least abundant isotopic species to as high as v = 51 for the main species. Owing to the high spectral resolution of the FTMW spectrometer, hyperfine structure from the nuclear electric quadrupole moment of S-33 was resolved for species containing this isotope, as was much smaller nuclear spin-rotation splitting for isotopic species involving Si-29. By combining the measurements here with previously published microwave and infrared data in one global fit, an improved set of spectroscopic parameters for SiS has been derived which include several terms describing the breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. With this parameter set, highly accurate rotational frequencies for this important astronomical molecule can now be predicted well into the terahertz region.
C1 Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, D-50937 Cologne, Germany.
Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Chim G Ciamician, I-40126 Bologna, Italy.
Univ Texas, Inst Theoret Chem, Dept Chem, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
Univ Texas, Dept Biochem, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
Univ Cologne, Inst Anorgan Chem 2, D-50939 Cologne, Germany.
RP Muller, HSP (reprint author), Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, Zulpicher Str 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany.
EM hspm@phl.uni-koeln.de
RI Schlemmer, Stephan/E-2903-2015;
OI Schlemmer, Stephan/0000-0002-1421-7281; McCarthy,
Michael/0000-0001-9142-0008; Mueller, Holger/0000-0002-0183-8927;
Bizzocchi, Luca/0000-0002-9953-8593
NR 48
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 2
U2 21
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1463-9076
J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS
JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
PY 2007
VL 9
IS 13
BP 1579
EP 1586
DI 10.1039/b618799d
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 156FL
UT WOS:000245633400006
PM 17429551
ER
PT J
AU Brunken, S
Muller, HSP
Endres, C
Lewen, F
Giesen, T
Drouin, B
Pearson, JC
Mader, H
AF Bruenken, Sandra
Mueller, Holger S. P.
Endres, Christian
Lewen, Frank
Giesen, Thomas
Drouin, Brian
Pearson, John C.
Maeder, Heinrich
TI High resolution rotational spectroscopy on D2O up to 2.7 THz in its
ground and first excited vibrational bending states
SO PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID POTENTIAL-ENERGY SURFACE; FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTRUM; BACKWARD-WAVE
OSCILLATORS; BROAD-BAND SPECTROSCOPY; HOT EMISSION-SPECTRA; INTERACTING
STATES; MOLECULAR-SPECTROSCOPY; TERAHERTZ REGION; WATER MOLECULE; LINE
POSITIONS
AB We present highly accurate laboratory measurements on the pure rotational spectrum of doubly deuterated water, D2O, in selected frequency regions from 10 GHz up to 2.7 THz. Around 140 rotational transitions in both the vibrational ground and first excited bending states (v(2) = 0,1) were measured in total, involving energy levels with unexcelled high J and K-a rotational quantum numbers. The data give valuable information for the spectroscopic analysis of this molecule. In the case of the light and non-rigid water molecule, standard methods for its analysis are limited due to large centrifugal distortion interactions. Here, we present a global analysis of rotational and rovibrational data of the v(2) = 0 and 1 states of D2O by means of an Euler expansion of the Hamiltonian. In addition to the newly measured pure rotational transitions, around 4000 rotational and rovibrational lines have been included from previous work. It was possible to reproduce the extensive dataset to nearly its experimental uncertainty. The improved predictive capability of the model compared to previous work will be demonstrated.
C1 Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, D-50937 Cologne, Germany.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Univ Kiel, Inst Phys Chem, D-24098 Kiel, Germany.
RP Brunken, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM sbruenken@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Brunken, Sandra/B-1880-2010; Giesen, Thomas /B-9476-2015;
OI Brunken, Sandra/0000-0001-7175-4828; Giesen, Thomas
/0000-0002-2401-0049; Mueller, Holger/0000-0002-0183-8927
NR 45
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 2
U2 9
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1463-9076
J9 PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS
JI Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
PY 2007
VL 9
IS 17
BP 2103
EP 2112
DI 10.1039/b613925f
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 161PK
UT WOS:000246027500008
PM 17464391
ER
PT J
AU Afshordi, N
AF Afshordi, Niayesh
TI How well can (renormalized) perturbation theory predict dark matter
clustering properties?
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID GALAXY FORMATION; HALO; MODEL; OCCUPATION
AB There has been some recent activity in trying to understand the dark matter clustering properties in the quasilinear regime, through resummation of perturbative terms, otherwise known as the renormalized perturbation theory [M. Crocce and R. Scoccimarro, Phys. Rev. D 73, 063519 (2006).], or the renormalization group method [P. McDonald, astro-ph/0606028.]. While it is not always clear why such methods should work so well, there is no reason for them to capture nonperturbative events such as shell-crossing. In order to estimate the magnitude of nonperturbative effects, we introduce a (hypothetical) model of sticky dark matter, which only differs from collisionless dark matter in the shell-crossing regime. This enables us to show that the level of nonperturbative effects in the dark matter power spectrum at k similar to 0: 1 Mpc(-1), which is relevant for baryonic acoustic oscillations, is about a percent, but rises to order unity at k similar to 1 Mpc(-1).
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Afshordi, N (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, MS-51,60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM nafshordi@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 19
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1550-7998
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 75
IS 2
AR 021302
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.75.021302
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 131UQ
UT WOS:000243896300002
ER
PT J
AU Kanzaki, T
Kawasaki, M
Kohri, K
Moroi, T
AF Kanzaki, Toru
Kawasaki, Masahiro
Kohri, Kazunori
Moroi, Takeo
TI Cosmological constraints on the gravitino LSP scenario with a sneutrino
NLSP
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Article
ID BIG-BANG NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; DYNAMICAL SUPERSYMMETRY BREAKING; PRIMORDIAL
HELIUM ABUNDANCE; BLUE COMPACT GALAXIES; DEUTERIUM ABUNDANCE; BARYON
DENSITY; INFLATIONARY UNIVERSE; THERMAL LEPTOGENESIS; LITHIUM; QSO
AB We study the scenario where a sneutrino is the next to lightest supersymmetric particle (NLSP) which decays into a gravitino and standard model particles. The daughter particles such as neutrinos and quarks cause electromagnetic and hadronic showers and affect big-bang nucleosynthesis. It is found that, despite a small branching ratio, four-body processes including quarks in the final state give the most stringent constraint on the sneutrino abundance for gravitino mass of 1-100 GeV. Pion production by high-energy neutrinos is important when the sneutrinos decay at similar to 1 sec. We also discuss the thermal leptogenesis in the sneutrino NLSP scenario.
C1 Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Tohoku Univ, Dept Phys, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
RP Kanzaki, T (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
NR 53
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 75
IS 2
AR 025011
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.75.025011
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 131UQ
UT WOS:000243896300092
ER
PT B
AU Avrett, EH
AF Avrett, Eugene H.
BE Heinzel, P
Dorotovic, I
Rutten, RJ
TI New models of the solar chromosphere and transition region from SUMER
observations
SO PHYSICS OF CHROMOSPHERIC PLASMAS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Coimbra Solar Physics Meeting on the Physics of Chromospheric Plasmas
CY OCT 09-13, 2006
CL Univ Coimbra, Coimbra, PORTUGAL
HO Univ Coimbra
ID ENERGY-BALANCE; LINE FORMATION; QUIET-SUN; ABUNDANCE; DIFFUSION;
PHOTOSPHERE; GRANULATION; EMISSION; IV
AB The SUMER atlas of the disk-center spectrum of the average quiet Sun between 67 and 161 nm, together with HRTS spectra to 173 nm, provide valuable observational data that can be used to determine the structure of the chromosphere, transition region, and low corona. The Pandora atmospheric modeling program is being used to determine atmospheric models and calculated spectra consistent with these observations, resulting in a new model of the average quiet chromosphere and transition region in better agreement with observations than before. We find that temperature variations of 400 K cause the computed chromospheric intensities, both in lines and the continuum, to change by a factor of about 4. This is greater than the observed intensity variations at chromospheric wavelengths 1) with time in quiet regions, and 2) with position from cell centers to bright network. These results appear to conflict with dynamical models that predict time variations of 1000K or more in the chromosphere. Also, we demonstrate that the optically-thin or coronal approxiniation that is often used to analyze observed line intensities from high stages of ionization is reasonabl.y accurate only: 1) for C IV and higher carbon ions. and C III for T > 50, 000 K, and 2) for 0 V and higher oxygen ions, and 0 IV for T > 150, 000 K..
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Avrett, EH (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 15
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-583812-36-5
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 368
BP 81
EP 91
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BGJ13
UT WOS:000247386700008
ER
PT B
AU Mackay, DH
van Ballegooijen, AA
AF Mackay, D. H.
van Ballegooijen, A. A.
BE Heinzel, P
Dorotovic, I
Rutten, RJ
TI Models of the largo-scale corona: Formation, evolution and lift-off of
magnetic flux ropes
SO PHYSICS OF CHROMOSPHERIC PLASMAS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Coimbra Solar Physics Meeting on the Physics of Chromospheric Plasmas
CY OCT 09-13, 2006
CL Univ Coimbra, Coimbra, PORTUGAL
HO Univ Coimbra
C1 [Mackay, D. H.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Math & Stat, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland.
[van Ballegooijen, A. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Mackay, DH (reprint author), Univ St Andrews, Sch Math & Stat, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland.
FU UK Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council; SHRIF/PPARC
FX D. H. M. would like to thank the UK Particle Physics and Astronomy
Research Council for financial support. The simulations were carried out
on a SHRIF/PPARC-funded supercomputer located in St. Andrews.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-583812-36-5
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 368
BP 251
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BGJ13
UT WOS:000247386700036
ER
PT B
AU Mackay, DH
van Ballegooijen, AA
AF Mackay, D. H.
van Ballegooijen, A. A.
BE Heinzel, P
Dorotovic, I
Rutten, RJ
TI Modeling the hemispheric pattern of solar filaments
SO PHYSICS OF CHROMOSPHERIC PLASMAS
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Coimbra Solar Physics Meeting on the Physics of Chromospheric Plasmas
CY OCT 09-13, 2006
CL Univ Coimbra, Coimbra, PORTUGAL
HO Univ Coimbra
ID QUIESCENT PROMINENCES; MAGNETIC-FIELDS
AB New results in modeling the hemispheric pattern of solar filaments are presented. The simulations consider what type of chirality forms along the Polarity Inversion Line (PIL) lying in between two magnetic bipoles as they interact. The results demonstrate not only the origin of the dominant hemispheric pattern, but also why exceptions to it occur. The dominant hemispheric pattern may be attributed to the dominant range of bipole tilt angles and helicities in each hemisphere (Wang & Sheeley 1989; Pevtsov et al. 1995). Exceptions to the hemispheric pattern occur in cases of no initial helicity or for helicity of the minority type in each hemisphere, when large positive bipole tilt angles are used. As the simulations show a clear dependence of the chirality on observational quantities, this may be used to check the validity of the results.
C1 [Mackay, D. H.] Sch Math & Stat, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland.
[van Ballegooijen, A. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MD USA.
RP Mackay, DH (reprint author), Sch Math & Stat, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland.
FU UK Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council
FX D. H. M. would like to thank the UK Particle Physics and Astronomy
Research Council for financial support. The simulations were carried out
on a SHRIF/PPARC-funded supercomputer located in Saint Andrews.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-583812-36-5
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 368
BP 343
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation
GA BGJ13
UT WOS:000247386700049
ER
PT J
AU Kalko, EKV
AF Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.
TI Fruits and bats: Supply and demand in the tropical rainforest
SO PHYTON-ANNALES REI BOTANICAE
LA English
DT Article
ID CAROLLIA-PERSPICILLATA; EATING BATS; ECHOLOCATION; OLFACTION;
PHYLLOSTOMIDAE; COMMUNITY; DIVERSITY; CASTANEA
C1 Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol Anim, D-89069 Ulm, Germany.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Kalko, EKV (reprint author), Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol Anim, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany.
EM Elisabeth.Kalko@uni-ulm.de
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU FERDINAND BERGER SOEHNE
PI HORN
PA WIENER STRASSE 21-23, A-3580 HORN, AUSTRIA
SN 0079-2047
J9 PHYTON-ANN REI BOT A
JI Phyton-Ann. REI Bot.
PY 2007
VL 46
IS 2
BP 195
EP 201
PG 7
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 178KZ
UT WOS:000247220900005
ER
PT J
AU Winter, K
Holtum, JAM
AF Winter, Klaus
Holtum, Joseph A. M.
TI Environment or development? Lifetime net CO2 exchange and control of the
expression of crassulacean acid metabolism in Mesembryanthemum
crystallinum
SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CARBON-ISOTOPE COMPOSITION; COMMON ICE PLANT; PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE
CARBOXYLASE; PHOTOSYNTHETIC CHARACTERISTICS; DELTA-C-13 VALUES;
CLUSIA-UVITANA; CELL-MEMBRANES; MESSENGER-RNA; WATER-CONTENT; SALT
STRESS
AB The relative influence of plant age and environmental stress signals in triggering a shift from C-3 photosynthesis to Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in the annual halophytic C-3-CAM species Mesembryanthemum crystallinum was explored by continuously monitoring net CO2 exchange of whole shoots from the seedling stage until seed set. Plants exposed to high salinity (400 mM NaCl) in hydroponic culture solution or grown in saline-droughted soil acquired between 11% and 24% of their carbon via net dark CO2 uptake involving CAM. In contrast, plants grown under nonsaline, well-watered conditions were capable of completing their life cycle by operating in the C-3 mode without ever exhibiting net CO2 uptake at night. These observations are not consistent with the widely expressed view that the induction of CAM by high salinity in M. crystallinum represents an acceleration of preprogrammed developmental processes. Rather, our study demonstrates that the induction of the CAM pathway for carbon acquisition in M. crystallinum is under environmental control.
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama.
James Cook Univ N Queensland, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
RP Winter, K (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama.
EM winterk@si.edu
RI Holtum, Joseph/B-3063-2012
OI Holtum, Joseph/0000-0001-6568-8019
NR 68
TC 49
Z9 50
U1 0
U2 12
PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS
PI ROCKVILLE
PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA
SN 0032-0889
EI 1532-2548
J9 PLANT PHYSIOL
JI Plant Physiol.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 143
IS 1
BP 98
EP 107
DI 10.1104/pp.106.088922
PG 10
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 124EP
UT WOS:000243350600013
PM 17056756
ER
PT J
AU Martin, TG
Chades, I
Arcese, P
Marra, PP
Possingham, HP
Norris, DR
AF Martin, Tara G.
Chades, Iadine
Arcese, Peter
Marra, Peter P.
Possingham, Hugh P.
Norris, D. Ryan
TI Optimal Conservation of Migratory Species
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
AB Background. Migratory animals comprise a significant portion of biodiversity worldwide with annual investment for their conservation exceeding several billion dollars. Designing effective conservation plans presents enormous challenges. Migratory species are influenced by multiple events across land and sea-regions that are often separated by thousands of kilometres and span international borders. To date, conservation strategies for migratory species fail to take into account how migratory animals are spatially connected between different periods of the annual cycle (i.e. migratory connectivity) bringing into question the utility and efficiency of current conservation efforts. Methodology/Principal Findings. Here, we report the first framework for determining an optimal conservation strategy for a migratory species. Employing a decision theoretic approach using dynamic optimization, we address the problem of how to allocate resources for habitat conservation for a Neotropical-Nearctic migratory bird, the American redstart Setophaga ruticilla, whose winter habitat is under threat. Our first conservation strategy used the acquisition of winter habitat based on land cost, relative bird density, and the rate of habitat loss to maximize the abundance of birds on the wintering grounds. Our second strategy maximized bird abundance across the entire range of the species by adding the constraint of maintaining a minimum percentage of birds within each breeding region in North America using information on migratory connectivity as estimated from stable-hydrogen isotopes in feathers. We show that failure to take into account migratory connectivity may doom some regional populations to extinction, whereas including information on migratory connectivity results in the protection of the species across its entire range. Conclusions/Significance. We demonstrate that conservation strategies for migratory animals depend critically upon two factors: knowledge of migratory connectivity and the correct statement of the conservation problem. Our framework can be used to identify efficient conservation strategies for migratory taxa worldwide, including insects, birds, mammals, and marine organisms.
C1 [Martin, Tara G.; Arcese, Peter; Norris, D. Ryan] Univ British Columbia, Ctr Appl Conservat Res, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
[Chades, Iadine] INRA, UR875, Unite Biometrie & Intelligence Artificielle, F-31931 Toulouse, France.
[Marra, Peter P.] Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC USA.
[Possingham, Hugh P.] Univ Queensland, Ctr Ecol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Possingham, Hugh P.] Univ Queensland, Dept Math, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
[Norris, D. Ryan] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
RP Martin, TG (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Ctr Appl Conservat Res, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
EM Tara.Martin@ubc.ca
RI Chades, iadine/A-4052-2011; Possingham, Hugh/B-1337-2008; Norris,
Ryan/F-4720-2011; Martin, Tara/M-1897-2016
OI Chades, iadine/0000-0002-7442-2850; Possingham,
Hugh/0000-0001-7755-996X; Martin, Tara/0000-0001-7165-9812
FU NSERC; Killam Memorial Foundation; Centre for Applied Conservation
Research; Smithsonian Institution; National Science Foundation; Institut
National de la Recherche Agronomique; Australian Research Council
FX This work was supported by NSERC ( R.N., P. A., T. G. M.), Killam
Memorial Foundation ( R.N.), Centre for Applied Conservation Research (
T. G. M), Smithsonian Institution ( P. P. M., R.N.), National Science
Foundation ( P. P. M.), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (
I. C.), and the Australian Research Council ( H. P. P).
NR 23
TC 132
Z9 136
U1 11
U2 93
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PY 2007
VL 2
IS 8
AR e751
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0000751
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA V10HN
UT WOS:000207455200027
PM 17710150
ER
PT J
AU Forman, P
AF Forman, Paul
BE Gavroglu, K
Renn, J
TI FROM THE SOCIAL TO THE MORAL TO THE SPIRITUAL: THE POSTMODERN EXALTATION
OF THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE
SO POSITIONING THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE
SE Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Forman, P (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 11
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
BN 978-1-4020-5420-4
J9 BOST STUD PHILOS SCI
PY 2007
VL 248
BP 49
EP 55
D2 10.1007/1-4020-5420-3
PG 7
WC History & Philosophy Of Science; Philosophy
SC History & Philosophy of Science; Philosophy
GA BLP70
UT WOS:000270734800009
ER
PT J
AU Mawdsley, JR
AF Mawdsley, Jonathan R.
TI Ecology, distribution, and conservation biology of the tiger beetle
Cicindela patruela consentanea Dejean (Coleoptera : Carabidae :
Cicindelinae)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE Cicindela patruela; tiger beetle; conservation; distribution; habitat
characterization; habitat management
AB The tiger beetle Cicindela patruela consentanea Dejean is known only from the mid-Atlantic coastal plain of the United States, where it is closely associated with pine and oak barrens ecosystems. Historic collecting records document the past presence or this subspecies at multiple sites in New Jersey and Long Island, while single specimens are also known from Delaware, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. This tiger beetle apparently has been extirpated from much of its former range, and extant populations are known only from sites within state forests and state wildlife management areas in the Pine Barrens region of New Jersey. Soil, vegetation, and forest stand characteristics were studied at four sites occupied by populations of C p. consentanea in 2004, 2005, and 2006. Observations on adult biology and population dynamics are reported. Adult beetles were active along sandy trails and firebreaks in pine-oak woodlands dominated by Pinus rigida Miller (Pinaceae) and several Quercus species (Fagaceae), primarily Quercus ilicifolia Wangenheim. The use of prescribed fire as a forest management tool was evident at three of the four sites. Management activities which may benefit these populations include the continuation of prescribed burns as well as routine trail and firebreak maintenance.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Mawdsley, JR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, MRC 187,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM jonathan.mawdsley@nfwf.org
NR 24
TC 5
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 3
PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0013-8797
J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 109
IS 1
BP 17
EP 28
PG 12
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 126AF
UT WOS:000243483900003
ER
PT J
AU Furth, DG
AF Furth, David G.
TI A new genus and species of flea beetle (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae :
Alticinae) from the rainforest canopy in Costa Rica
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
DE La Selva; ALAS Project; morphology; rainforest canopy fogging;
Sphaeronychini; Monoplatini
AB Laselva, n. gen, and Laselva triplehorni, n. sp., are described and illustrated from the canopy of a lowland Atlantic rainforest in Costa Rica. The genus belongs to the "Sphaeronychini" of the Alticinae.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Furth, DG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, POB 37012,MRC 165, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM furthd@si.edu
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0013-8797
J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 109
IS 1
BP 90
EP 101
PG 12
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 126AF
UT WOS:000243483900012
ER
PT J
AU Branduardi-Raymont, G
Bhardwaj, A
Elsner, RF
Gladstone, GR
Ramsay, G
Rodriguez, P
Soria, R
Waite, JH
Cravens, TE
AF Branduardi-Raymont, Grazillea
Bhardwaj, Anil
Elsner, Ronald F.
Gladstone, G. Randall
Ramsay, Gavin
Rodriguez, Pedro
Soria, Roberto
Waite, J. Hunter, Jr.
Cravens, Thomas E.
TI Thermal and non-thermal components of the X-ray emission from Jupiter
SO PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS SUPPLEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on the Extreme Universe in the Suzaku Era
(Suzaku 2006)
CY DEC 04-08, 2006
CL Kyoto, JAPAN
SP Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Yukawa Inst, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Minist Educ, Culture, Sports, Sci & Technol, Soc Promot Space Sci
ID XMM-NEWTON
AB Recent XMM-Newton and Chandra observations have revealed that Jupiter's X-ray emission comprises both, thermal and non-thermal spectral components. While the emission from the low-latitude planetary disk has the properties of scattered solar X-rays, with a thermal spectrum and typical coronal emission lines, the auroral soft (< 2 keV) X-rays are thought to be produced by ion charge exchange; very recently, a higher energy auroral component has been revealed by XMM-Newton: this is attributed to energetic electron bremsstrahlung, is dominant above keV, and is variable, displaying both thermal and non-thermal characteristics. The disk and soft X-ray auroral components are separated spectroscopically in the high resolution data provided by the XMM-Newton Reflection Grating Spectrometer. Our results on the morphology, dynamics and energetics of the aurorae support current models developed to explain Jupiter's complex magnetosphere.
C1 [Branduardi-Raymont, Grazillea; Ramsay, Gavin; Soria, Roberto] UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England.
[Bhardwaj, Anil] Vikram Sarabhai Space Ctr, SPL, Trivandrum 695022, Kerala, India.
[Elsner, Ronald F.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA.
[Gladstone, G. Randall] SW Res Inst, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA.
[Rodriguez, Pedro] XMM Newton SOC, Madrid 28080, Spain.
[Soria, Roberto] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Waite, J. Hunter, Jr.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Cravens, Thomas E.] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
RP Branduardi-Raymont, G (reprint author), UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England.
OI Bhardwaj, Anil/0000-0003-1693-453X
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU PROGRESS THEORETICAL PHYSICS PUBLICATION OFFICE
PI KYOTO
PA C/O KYOTO UNIV, YUKAWA HALL, KYOTO, 606-8502, JAPAN
SN 0375-9687
J9 PROG THEOR PHYS SUPP
JI Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl.
PY 2007
IS 169
BP 75
EP 78
PG 4
GA 249DS
UT WOS:000252207900020
ER
PT J
AU Ness, JU
Starrfield, S
Page, KL
Osborne, JP
Beardmore, AP
Drake, JJ
AF Ness, Jan-Uwe
Starrfield, Sumner
Page, Kim L.
Osborne, Julian P.
Beardmore, Andy P.
Drake, Jeremy J.
TI The phases of X-ray emission of RS Oph
SO PROGRESS OF THEORETICAL PHYSICS SUPPLEMENT
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on the Extreme Universe in the Suzaku Era
(Suzaku 2006)
CY DEC 04-08, 2006
CL Kyoto, JAPAN
SP Kyoto Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Yukawa Inst, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Minist Educ, Culture, Sports, Sci & Technol, Soc Promot Space Sci
ID SYMBIOTIC STARS; RECURRENT NOVAE; OPHIUCHI; OUTBURST; MODELS
AB The recurrent symbiotic nova RS Oph reoccurred after 21 years on 12 February 2006. In contrast to the 1985 outburst, much denser coverage with X-ray observations was achieved. Swift observed RS Oph up to several times a day while Chandra and XMM-Newton observed two to four times during each phase of evolution. While the Swift observations provide high resolution in time, the Chandra and XMM-Newton observations provide high spectral resolution. Refined models can be constrained by the grating spectra, and interpolation of the model parameters can be constrained by the wealth of Swift observations. We compared the Swift light curve with six X-ray observations taken with EXOSA T during the 1985 outburst. We found that the decay from the supersoft X-ray binary (SSS) phase had been observed.
C1 [Ness, Jan-Uwe; Starrfield, Sumner] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Page, Kim L.; Osborne, Julian P.; Beardmore, Andy P.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
[Drake, Jeremy J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Ness, JU (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM Jan-Uwe.Ness@asu.edu; sumner.starrfield@asu.edu
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU PROGRESS THEORETICAL PHYSICS PUBLICATION OFFICE
PI KYOTO
PA C/O KYOTO UNIV, YUKAWA HALL, KYOTO, 606-8502, JAPAN
SN 0375-9687
J9 PROG THEOR PHYS SUPP
JI Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl.
PY 2007
IS 169
BP 187
EP 190
PG 4
GA 249DS
UT WOS:000252207900044
ER
PT J
AU Abrahams, RD
AF Abrahams, Roger D.
BE Baron, R
Spitzer, N
TI The Public, the Folklorist, and the Public Folklorist
SO PUBLIC FOLKLORE
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Abrahams, Roger D.] Univ Penn, Folklore Programs, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Abrahams, Roger D.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Abrahams, Roger D.] Philadelphia Folklore Project, Philadelphia, PA USA.
RP Abrahams, RD (reprint author), Univ Penn, Folklore Programs, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV PRESS MISSISSIPPI
PI JACKSON
PA 3825 RIDGEWOOD RD, JACKSON, MS 39211 USA
BN 978-1-60473-316-7
PY 2007
BP 17
EP 27
PG 11
WC Folklore
SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics
GA BZF38
UT WOS:000301356100003
ER
PT J
AU Abrahams, RD
AF Abrahams, Roger D.
BE Baron, R
Spitzer, N
TI The Foundations of American Public Folklore
SO PUBLIC FOLKLORE
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Abrahams, Roger D.] Univ Penn, Folklore Program, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Abrahams, Roger D.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Abrahams, Roger D.] Philadelphia Folklore Project, Philadelphia, PA USA.
RP Abrahams, RD (reprint author), Univ Penn, Folklore Program, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV PRESS MISSISSIPPI
PI JACKSON
PA 3825 RIDGEWOOD RD, JACKSON, MS 39211 USA
BN 978-1-60473-316-7
PY 2007
BP 245
EP 262
PG 18
WC Folklore
SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics
GA BZF38
UT WOS:000301356100015
ER
PT J
AU Hutchinson, I
Crowell, AL
AF Hutchinson, Ian
Crowell, Aron L.
TI Recurrence and extent of great earthquakes in southern Alaska during the
late holocene from an analysis of the radiocarbon record of land-level
change and village abandonment
SO RADIOCARBON
LA English
DT Article
ID WILLIAM-SOUND EARTHQUAKE; CASCADIA SUBDUCTION ZONE; EASTERN ALEUTIAN
ARC; UPPER COOK INLET; GULF-OF-ALASKA; AGE CALIBRATION; LATE-QUATERNARY;
DEFORMATION; PLATE; PENINSULA
AB The incidence of plate-boundary earthquakes across 3 prospective tectonic segments at the Alaska subduction zone (ASZ) in the late Holocene is reconstructed from geological evidence of abrupt land-level change and archaeological evidence of discontinuities in occupation of native villages. Bracketing radiocarbon ages on uplifted and down-dropped coastal deposits indicate that great earthquakes likely ruptured the plate interface in the eastern segment (Prince William Sound [PWS]) about 800, 1400, 2200-2300, 2600-2700, 3100-3200, and 3600-3700 cal BP. Evidence for an event about 1900 yr ago, and the possibility that the 2600-2700 cal BP event was a closely spaced series of 3 earthquakes, is restricted to parts of Cook Inlet. Geological evidence from the central (Kenai [KEN]) segment is fragmentary, but indicates that this segment likely ruptured about 1400 yr ago and in the triple event about 2600-2700 yr ago. The geological record from the Kodiak-Katmai (KOKA) segment at the western end of the ASZ has limited time-depth, with localized evidence for ruptures about 500, 1000, and 1300 yr ago. C-14 ages and stratigraphic descriptions from 82 prehistoric villages and camps on the coast of the Gulf of Alaska reveal fluctuations in site activity that correlate with paleoseismic episodes. Hiatuses in site occupation occurred about 800, 1400, and 2200 yr ago in the PWS and KEN segments. The fragmentary older record from the KEN segment also reveals a hiatus about 2700 yr ago. The 2200-2300 and 2600-2700 cal BP events are also recorded in the KOKA segment, and the great earthquake at about 3200 cal BP may also be recorded there. This suggests that, although the PWS and KEN segments behave as a coherent unit of the Alaska megathrust, the KOKA segment is characterized by semi-independent behavior. At least 2, and perhaps as many as 4, of the last 7 prehistoric great earthquakes at this plate boundary did not propagate this far west.
C1 [Hutchinson, Ian] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Geog, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Crowell, Aron L.] Smithsonian Inst, Arctic Studies Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
RP Hutchinson, I (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Geog, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
EM ianh@sfu.ca
NR 75
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 6
PU UNIV ARIZONA DEPT GEOSCIENCES
PI TUCSON
PA RADIOCARBON 4717 E FORT LOWELL RD, TUCSON, AZ 85712 USA
SN 0033-8222
J9 RADIOCARBON
JI Radiocarbon
PY 2007
VL 49
IS 3
BP 1323
EP 1385
PG 63
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 258US
UT WOS:000252895600011
ER
PT J
AU Crosier, AE
Marker, L
Howard, J
Pukazhenthi, BS
Henghali, JN
Wildt, DE
AF Crosier, Adrienne E.
Marker, Laurie
Howard, JoGayle
Pukazhenthi, Budhan S.
Henghali, Josephine N.
Wildt, David E.
TI Ejaculate traits in the Namibian cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus): influence
of age, season and captivity
SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Africa; carnivore; felid; seasonality; semen; spermatogenesis
ID NORTH-AMERICAN ZOOS; DOMESTIC CAT; REPRODUCTIVE STATUS; SEMEN
PRODUCTION; CLOUDED LEOPARD; SIBERIAN TIGERS; SPERMATOZOA; QUALITY;
MANAGEMENT; SPERM
AB The objective was to examine the influence of animal age, season and captivity status on seminal quality in wild-born cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus) in Namibia, Africa. Animals were divided into three age categories: juvenile (14-24 months; n= 16 males, 23 ejaculates); adult (25-120 months; n= 76 males, 172 ejaculates); and aged (> 120 months; n= 5 males, 5 ejaculates). Seasons were categorised into hot-wet (January-April), cold-dry (May-August) and hot dry (September-December). A comparison between freshly wild-caught ( n= 29 males, 41 ejaculates) and captive-held cheetahs (n= 68 males, 159 ejaculates) was also conducted. Raw ejaculates contained 69.0 +/- 1.1% motile spermatozoa (mean +/- s.e.m.) with 73.6 +/- 1.5% of these cells containing an intact acrosome. Overall, 18.4 +/- 0.9% of spermatozoa were morphologically normal, with midpiece anomalies being the most prevalent (similar to 39%) defect. Juvenile cheetahs produced ejaculates with poorer sperm motility, forward progressive status, lower seminal volume and fewer total motile spermatozoa than adult and aged animals. Spermatogenesis continued unabated throughout the year and was minimally influenced by season. Proportions of sperm malformations were also not affected by season. Ejaculates from captive cheetahs had increased volume and intact acrosomes, but lower sperm density than wild-caught counterparts. In summary, Namibian cheetahs produce an extraordinarily high proportion of pleiomorphic spermatozoa regardless of age, season or living (captive versus free-ranging) status. Young males less than 2 years of age produce poorer ejaculate quality than adult and aged males. Because (1) all study animals were wild born and (2) there was little difference between freshly caught males and those maintained in captivity for protracted periods, our results affirm that teratospermia in the cheetah is mostly genetically derived. It also appears that an ex situ environment for the Namibian cheetah can ensure sperm quality comparable with that for free-living males.
C1 Smithsonians Natl Zool Pk, Conservat & Res Ctr, Dept Reprod Sci, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA.
Cheetah Conservat Fund, Otjiwarongo, Namibia.
RP Crosier, AE (reprint author), Smithsonians Natl Zool Pk, Conservat & Res Ctr, Dept Reprod Sci, 1500 Remt Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA.
EM crosiera@si.edu
FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR00135]
NR 62
TC 24
Z9 26
U1 3
U2 36
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI CLAYTON
PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC
3168, AUSTRALIA
SN 1031-3613
EI 1448-5990
J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP
JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev.
PY 2007
VL 19
IS 2
BP 370
EP 382
DI 10.1071/RD06057
PG 13
WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology
SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology
GA 130GX
UT WOS:000243789000006
PM 17257524
ER
PT J
AU Kim, Y
Selvaraj, V
Pukazhenthi, B
Travis, AJ
AF Kim, Yeunhee
Selvaraj, Vimal
Pukazhenthi, Budhan
Travis, Alexander J.
TI Effect of donor age on success of spermatogenesis in feline testis
xenografts
SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID GERM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION; BOVINE TESTICULAR TISSUE; MOUSE TESTES;
STEM-CELL; MICE; RAT; TRANSMISSION; METABOLISM; MATURATION; SPERMATIDS
AB Ectopic xenografting of ` donor' feline testicular tissue into a ` recipient' immunodeficient mouse is a promising tool to preserve the male genome from genetically valuable felids. To define parameters under which the technique can succeed, we compared the effect of donor age on xenograft spermatogenesis among four age groups of domestic cats ( Felis catus; age range 8 weeks to 15 months). In all cases, fresh tissue was grafted into castrated mice and collected 10, 30 and 50 weeks later. The percentage of xenografts recovered decreased as donor age increased. Mature testicular spermatozoa were observed in xenografts from the 8 and 9 - 16 week age groups; only a single 7- month- old donor produced elongating spermatids and xenografts from donors = 8 months of age degenerated. Seminal vesicle weight, an indicator of bioactive testosterone, was not significantly different between donors aged 8 weeks to 7 months and controls, suggesting that xenograft Leydig cells were ultimately functional even in the 5 - 7 month age group. Regardless of donor age, production of mature spermatozoa from xenografts was markedly delayed compared with controls. Comparison of xenografts that produced sperm with normal controls revealed a decrease in tubule cross- sections having post- meiotic germcells. Together, these results indicate that the maximum practical donor age was just before the onset of puberty and that even successful xenografts had abnormalities in spermatogenesis.
C1 Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, James A Baker Inst Anim Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Dept Reprod Sci, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
RP Travis, AJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, James A Baker Inst Anim Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM ajt32@cornell.edu
NR 31
TC 23
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 1
PU CSIRO PUBLISHING
PI COLLINGWOOD
PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA
SN 1031-3613
J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP
JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev.
PY 2007
VL 19
IS 7
BP 869
EP 876
DI 10.1071/RD07056
PG 8
WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology
SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology
GA 207LJ
UT WOS:000249252300011
PM 17897590
ER
PT J
AU Gehrz, RD
Roellig, TL
Werner, MW
Fazio, GG
Houck, JR
Low, FJ
Rieke, GH
Soifer, BT
Levine, DA
Romana, EA
AF Gehrz, R. D.
Roellig, T. L.
Werner, M. W.
Fazio, G. G.
Houck, J. R.
Low, F. J.
Rieke, G. H.
Soifer, B. T.
Levine, D. A.
Romana, E. A.
TI The NASA Spitzer Space Telescope
SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
LA English
DT Review
ID INFRARED ARRAY CAMERA; MULTIBAND IMAGING PHOTOMETER; FOCAL-PLANE ARRAYS;
ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; POINTING CALIBRATION; REFERENCE SENSOR; BROWN
DWARF; REDUCTION ALGORITHMS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISK; EXTRASOLAR PLANET
AB The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Spitzer Space Telescope (formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility) is the fourth and final facility in the Great Observatories Program, joining Hubble Space Telescope (1990), the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (1991-2000), and the Chandra X-Ray Observatory (1999). Spitzer, with a sensitivity that is almost three orders of magnitude greater than that of any previous ground-based and space-based infrared observatory, is expected to revolutionize our understanding of the creation of the universe, the formation and evolution of primitive galaxies, the origin of stars and planets, and the chemical evolution of the universe. This review presents a brief overview of the scientific objectives and history of infrared astronomy. We discuss Spitzer's expected role in infrared astronomy for the new millennium. We describe pertinent details of the design, construction, launch, in-orbit checkout, and operations of the observatory and summarize some science highlights from the first two and a half years of Spitzer operations. More information about Spitzer can be found at http://spitzer.caltech.edu/. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics.
C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Astron, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Gehrz, RD (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Astron, Sch Phys & Astron, 116 Church St,SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
EM gehrz@astro.umn.edu; thomas.l.roellig@nasa.gov;
mwerner@sirtfweb.jpl.nasa.gov; gfazio@cfa.harvard.edu;
houck@astrosun.tn.cornell.edu; flow@as.arizona.edu;
grieke@as.arizona.edu; bts@irastro.caltech.edu; erom@earthlink.net
NR 70
TC 64
Z9 64
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0034-6748
EI 1089-7623
J9 REV SCI INSTRUM
JI Rev. Sci. Instrum.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 78
IS 1
AR 011302
DI 10.1063/1.2431313
PG 38
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics
GA 131TH
UT WOS:000243892300002
PM 17503900
ER
PT J
AU Solis, MA
AF Solis, M. Alma
TI Phylogenetic studies and modern classification of the Pyraloidea
(Lepidoptera)
SO REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE ENTOMOLOGIA
LA English
DT Review
DE Pyralidae; Crambidae; morphology; cladistic analyses; searchable on-line
catalogs
ID LYGODIUM-MICROPHYLLUM SCHIZAEACEAE; LAST-INSTAR LARVAE; COSTA-RICA;
SPILOMELINI LEPIDOPTERA; COMPLEX LEPIDOPTERA; GENUS LEPIDOPTERA;
TYMPANIC ORGANS; PYRALIDAE; CRAMBIDAE; PHYCITINAE
AB Pyraloidea, the third largest superfamily of the Lepidoptera, is comprised of two families - Pyralidae and Crambidae. The history of families previously placed in the Pyraloidea is discussed. The group now includes about 16,000 species worldwide. Morphologically, the superfamily is defined by a basally scaled proboscis and the presence of abdominal tympanal organs. The larvae of many species are economically important pests of crops (e. g.: sugarcane, corn, rice), and stored products such as seeds and grains. Currently 22 subfamilies comprise the Pyraloidea; only the 19 subfamilies that occur in the Western Hemisphere are discussed. There is a paucity of recent research using cladistic methods and phylogenetic analyses across all taxa.
C1 USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Syst Entomol Lab, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Solis, MA (reprint author), USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Syst Entomol Lab, Smithsonian Inst, PO Box 37012,E-517,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM alma.solis@ars.usda.gov
NR 97
TC 13
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 4
PU SOC COLOMBIANA ENTOMOLOGIA-SOCOLEN
PI SANTAFE DE BOGOTA
PA APARTADO AEREO 11366, SANTAFE DE BOGOTA, D.C. 00000, COLOMBIA
SN 0120-0488
J9 REV COLOMB ENTOMOL
JI Rev. Colomb. Entomol.
PD JAN-JUN
PY 2007
VL 33
IS 1
BP 1
EP 9
PG 9
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 218JW
UT WOS:000250012800001
ER
PT J
AU Leigh, EG
Hladik, A
Hladik, CM
Jolly, A
AF Leigh, Egbert Giles, Jr.
Hladik, Annette
Hladik, Claude Marcel
Jolly, Alison
TI The biogeography of large islands, or how does the size of the
ecological theater affect the evolutionary play?
SO REVUE D ECOLOGIE-LA TERRE ET LA VIE
LA French
DT Review
ID LONG-DISTANCE DISPERSAL; PROPITHECUS-DIADEMA-EDWARDSI; DNA-SEQUENCE
DATA; NEW-ZEALAND BIOTA; RAIN-FOREST TREE; ADAPTIVE RADIATION;
MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; NEW-CALEDONIA; MOLECULAR EVIDENCE; TROPICAL FOREST
AB We compare selected aspects of the biotas of long-isolated islands ranging in size from Reunion to early Pliocene South America, focusing on Madagascar, New Zealand, New Caledonia and the Hawaiian Islands. Although Madagascar and New Zealand were joined to larger land masses less than 90 million years ago, their biotas arc overwhelmingly dominated by descendants of colonists from overseas. The size of a long-isolated land mass decisively influences major features of its ecosystem. On smaller islands, extinction is more likely, colonization is rarer, and there are fewer opportunities for diversification. The largest herbivores and the largest carnivores are smaller on smaller islands. Reduced diversity, lower predation pressure and diminished evolutionary innovation reduce the severity of competition on smaller islands: their plants are less well defended against vertebrate herbivores, and their primary productivity is lower, while their annuals are longer-lived, less fecund, and have lower basal metabolism than mainland ecological counterparts. Herbivores arc most likely to evolve convergently with counterparts on other land masses with predators of similar size and/or efficiency. Thus sloth lemurs converged on tree sloths, Megaladapis on koalas, and moa-nalos on moas and elephant birds. The degree of an island's isolation also affects its ecosystem's characteristics. More isolated islands receive fewer immigrants, so diversity is lower on more isolated islands, especially small islands with high risks of extinction. Fewer mainland immigrants, whose efficiency was tested against a variety of competitors and well-defended prey, reach more isolated islands, so competition is less intense on these islands, and these islands' predators are less efficient. Smaller size and greater isolation therefore make a land mass more invasible. Islands with the fewest predators and the slowest pace of life are most likely to be catastrophically disrupted by mainland invaders. All these phenomena have analogues in human economies. As a rule, economies with higher total production support more intense competition, more innovation, a greater diversity of occupations, a faster pace of life, and greater productivity per capita.
C1 [Leigh, Egbert Giles, Jr.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Unit 0948, Miami, FL 34002 USA.
[Hladik, Annette; Hladik, Claude Marcel] CNRS, F-91800 Brunoy, France.
[Hladik, Annette; Hladik, Claude Marcel] Museum Natl Hist Nat, F-91800 Brunoy, France.
[Jolly, Alison] Univ Sussex, Sch Biol Sci, Brighton BN1 9RH, E Sussex, England.
RP Leigh, EG (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Unit 0948, APO AA, Miami, FL 34002 USA.
NR 447
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 27
PU SOC NATL PROTECTION NATURE ACCLIMATATION FRANCE
PI PARIS 5
PA 57 RUE CUVIER, 75005 PARIS 5, FRANCE
SN 0249-7395
J9 REV ECOL-TERRE VIE
JI Rev. Ecol.-Terre Vie
PY 2007
VL 62
IS 2-3
BP 105
EP 168
PG 64
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 262FM
UT WOS:000253134400001
ER
PT J
AU Rakotonirina, B
Jeannoda, VH
Leigh, EG
AF Rakotonirina, Benja
Jeannoda, Vololoniaina Harimanga
Leigh, Egbert Giles, Jr.
TI Impacts on tree diversity in a Malagasy lowland rainforest of soil type,
a devastating cyclone and an invading pioneer
SO REVUE D ECOLOGIE-LA TERRE ET LA VIE
LA French
DT Article
ID HABITAT SPECIALIZATION; HURRICANE DISTURBANCE; AMAZONIAN FORESTS; LEAF
TEMPERATURE
C1 [Rakotonirina, Benja; Jeannoda, Vololoniaina Harimanga] Fac Sci, Dept Biol & Ecol Vegetales, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar.
[Leigh, Egbert Giles, Jr.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Rakotonirina, B (reprint author), Fac Sci, Dept Biol & Ecol Vegetales, BP 906, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar.
NR 17
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU SOC NATL PROTECTION NATURE ACCLIMATATION FRANCE
PI PARIS 5
PA 57 RUE CUVIER, 75005 PARIS 5, FRANCE
SN 0249-7395
J9 REV ECOL-TERRE VIE
JI Rev. Ecol.-Terre Vie
PY 2007
VL 62
IS 4
BP 363
EP 368
PG 6
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 255BK
UT WOS:000252631500007
ER
PT S
AU Stauffer, JR
Mannings, V
Levine, D
Chary, RR
Wilson, G
Lacy, M
Grillmair, C
Carey, S
Stolovy, S
Ciardi, D
Hora, J
AF Stauffer, John R.
Mannings, Vincent
Levine, Deborah
Chary, Ranga Ram
Wilson, Gillian
Lacy, Mark
Grillmair, Carl
Carey, Sean
Stolovy, Susan
Ciardi, David
Hora, Joe
BE LombardiStorrie, LJ
Silbermann, NA
TI The Spitzer warm mission science prospects
SO SCIENCE OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE WARM SPITZER MISSION WORKSHOP
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Science Opportunities for the Warm Spitzer Mission Workshop
CY JUN 04-05, 2007
CL Pasadena, CA
SP Spitzer Sci Ctr
DE Spitzer Space Telescope; infrared astronomical observations; exoplanets;
AGN; galaxy clusters; asteroids; star-formation regions; protostars
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; EXTRASOLAR GIANT PLANETS; STAR-FORMATION
HISTORIES; STELLAR MASSES; LEGACY SURVEY; DEEP SURVEY; LIGHT CURVES;
GALAXIES; SWIRE; ATMOSPHERES
AB After exhaustion of its cryogen, the Spitzer Space telescope will still have a fully functioning two-channel mid-IR camera that will have sensitivities better than any other ground or spacebased telescopes until the launch of JWST. This document provides a description of the expected capabilities of Spitzer during its warm mission phase, and provides brief descriptions of several possible very large science programs that could be conducted. This information is intended to serve as input to a wide ranging discussion of the warm mission science, leading up to the Warm Mission Workshop in June 2007.
C1 [Stauffer, John R.; Mannings, Vincent; Levine, Deborah; Chary, Ranga Ram; Wilson, Gillian; Lacy, Mark; Grillmair, Carl; Carey, Sean; Stolovy, Susan] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, 314-6, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Ciardi, David] CALTECH, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Hora, Joe] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 01238 USA.
RP Stauffer, JR (reprint author), CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, 314-6, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
OI Hora, Joseph/0000-0002-5599-4650; Ciardi, David/0000-0002-5741-3047
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science
Foundation
FX This work is based (in part) on observations made with the Spitzer Space
Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. This
publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky
Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and
the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of
Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
and the National Science Foundation.
NR 63
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0457-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 943
BP 43
EP +
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BGV26
UT WOS:000250750800003
ER
PT S
AU Deming, D
Agol, E
Charbonneau, D
Cowan, N
Knutson, H
Marengo, M
AF Deming, Drake
Agol, Eric
Charbonneau, David
Cowan, Nicolas
Knutson, Heather
Marengo, Massimo
BE LombardiStorrie, LJ
Silbermann, NA
TI Observations of extrasolar planets during the non-Cryogenic Spitzer
space telescope mission
SO SCIENCE OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE WARM SPITZER MISSION WORKSHOP
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Science Opportunities for the Warm Spitzer Mission Workshop
CY JUN 04-05, 2007
CL Pasadena, CA
SP Spitzer Sci Ctr
DE Spitzer Space Telescope; infrared astronomical observations; extrasolar
planets
ID HOT JUPITER; HD 209458B; TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; SECONDARY ECLIPSE;
EPSILON-ERIDANI; INFRARED RADIUS; N2K CONSORTIUM; NEARBY; DWARF; STAR
AB Precision infrared photometry from Spitzer has enabled the first direct studies of light from extrasolar planets, via observations at secondary eclipse in transiting systems. Current Spitzer results include the first longitudinal temperature map of an extrasolar planet, and the first spectra of their atmospheres. Spitzer has also measured a temperature and precise radius for the first transiting Neptune-sized exoplanet and is beginning to make precise transit timing, measurements to infer the existence of unseen low mass planets. The lack of stellar limb darkening in the infrared facilitates precise radius and transit timing measurements of transiting planets. Warm Spitzer will be capable of a precise radius measurement for Earth-sized planets transiting nearby M-dwarfs, thereby constraining their bulk composition. It will continue to measure thermal emission at secondary eclipse for transiting hot Jupiters, and be able to distinguish between planets having broad band emission vs. absorption spectra. It will also be able to measure the orbital phase variation of thermal emission for close-in planets, even non-transiting planets, and these measurements will be of special interest for planets in eccentric orbits. Warm Spitzer will be a significant complement to Kepler, particularly as regards transit timing in the Kepler field. In addition to studying close-in planets, Warm Spitzer will have significant application in sensitive imaging searches for young planets at relatively large angular separations from their parent stars.
C1 [Deming, Drake] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Planetary Syst Lab, Code 693, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Agol, Eric; Cowan, Nicolas] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Charbonneau, David; Knutson, Heather] Harvard Univ, Dept Astron, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Marengo, Massimo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Deming, D (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Planetary Syst Lab, Code 693, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
OI /0000-0002-0802-9145
NR 51
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U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0457-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 943
BP 89
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BGV26
UT WOS:000250750800005
ER
PT S
AU Benjamin, RA
Draine, BT
Indebetouw, R
Lada, CJ
Majewski, SR
Reid, IN
Skrutskie, MF
AF Benjamin, R. A.
Draine, B. T.
Indebetouw, R.
Lada, C. J.
Majewski, S. R.
Reid, I. N.
Skrutskie, M. F.
BE LombardiStorrie, LJ
Silbermann, NA
TI The Warm Spitzer Mission: Opportunities to study galactic structure and
the interstellar medium
SO SCIENCE OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE WARM SPITZER MISSION WORKSHOP
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Science Opportunities for the Warm Spitzer Mission Workshop
CY JUN 04-05, 2007
CL Pasadena, CA
SP Spitzer Sci Ctr
DE Spitzer Space Telescope; infrared astronomical observations; ISM; stars;
galaxy : structure; galaxy : stellar content
ID SAGITTARIUS DWARF GALAXY; STAR-FORMATION REGION; SKY SURVEY VIEW;
MILKY-WAY; CANIS-MAJOR; TRIANGULUM-ANDROMEDA; OUTER GALAXY;
OVER-DENSITY; GLIMPSE; BAR
AB The Spitzer Space Telescope Warm Mission capability, specifically broadband IRAC imaging at 3.6 and 4.5 mu m, provides a unique opportunity to probe the content and structure of the Milky Way's disk, particularly along lines of sight that suffer significant interstellar obscuration. This white paper examines the factors that favor and constrain the application of a warm Spitzer to Galactic structure and interstellar medium science. Although the paper briefly discusses some specific survey choices, its primary purpose is to highlight the value of an extended Spitzer mission and outline the factors that might influence the construction of a large proposal focused on Galactic science in the future.
C1 [Benjamin, R. A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Whitewater, WI 53190 USA.
[Draine, B. T.] Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Indebetouw, R.; Majewski, S. R.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
[Lada, C. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Reid, I. N.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Benjamin, RA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Whitewater, WI 53190 USA.
OI Draine, Bruce/0000-0002-0846-936X
FU Spitzer Science Center
FX The authors would hke to acknowledge the hard work and support of the
Spitzer Science Center in making this contribution possible.
NR 63
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0457-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 943
BP 101
EP +
PG 3
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BGV26
UT WOS:000250750800006
ER
PT S
AU Knapp, GR
Allen, PR
Ivezic, Z
Marengo, M
Mullally, F
Szkody, P
AF Knapp, Gillian R.
Allen, Peter R.
Ivezic, Zelko
Marengo, Massimo
Mullally, Fergal
Szkody, Paula
BE LombardiStorrie, LJ
Silbermann, NA
TI Stellar astronomy in the Warm Spitzer Era
SO SCIENCE OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE WARM SPITZER MISSION WORKSHOP
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Science Opportunities for the Warm Spitzer Mission Workshop
CY JUN 04-05, 2007
CL Pasadena, CA
SP Spitzer Sci Ctr
DE Spitzer Space Telescope; infrared astronomical observations; stellar
atmospheres; brown dwarfs; mass loss
ID DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; MAGNETIC CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES; SPACE-TELESCOPE
OBSERVATIONS; DA WHITE-DWARFS; T-DWARFS; BROWN DWARF; CARBON STARS;
DUSTY DISK; SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATION; LIGHT CURVES
AB We consider the impact on the study of normal stars of large-scale pointed and mapping observations at 3.6 mu m and 4.5 mu m with the Spitzer IRAC imager. Deep observations at these wavelengths are particularly sensitive to very cool stellar and substellar objects, both as companions to other stars and in the field. A wide-angle survey can be expected to detect 50 - 100 cool T dwarfs and up to 5 "Y" dwarfs in the field, and AGB stars throughout the Galactic halo. Pointed observations of white dwarfs at these wavelengths will be sensitive to unresolved cool companions and to circumstellar dust disk remnants of planetary system objects. The cumulative photometry of normal stars in the imaging fields will be invaluable for understanding stellar colors and atmospheres.
C1 [Knapp, Gillian R.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Allen, Peter R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Ivezic, Zelko; Szkody, Paula] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Marengo, Massimo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Mullally, Fergal] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Mullally, Fergal] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Knapp, GR (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
NR 79
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0457-1
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 943
BP 157
EP +
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BGV26
UT WOS:000250750800009
ER
PT B
AU Chilingarian, I
Bonnarel, F
Louys, M
McDowell, J
AF Chilingarian, I.
Bonnarel, F.
Louys, M.
McDowell, J.
BE KisslerPatig, M
Walsh, JR
Roth, MM
TI Handling IFU datasets in the virtual observatory
SO SCIENCE PERSPECTIVES FOR 3D SPECTROSCOPY
SE ESO ASTROPHYSICS SYMPOSIA
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ESO Workshop on Science Perspectives for 3D Spectroscopy
CY OCT 10-14, 2005
CL Garching, GERMANY
SP ESO
DE virtual observatory; data archives; data modelling; IFU data
AB We propose a formalised description of IFU datasets sufficient for providing data discovery, access and processing in the Virtual Observatory framework.
C1 [Chilingarian, I.] CRAL Observ Lyon, Lyon, France.
[Chilingarian, I.] Sternberg Astron Inst, Moscow, Russia.
[Bonnarel, F.; Louys, M.] CDS, Observ Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
[McDowell, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA.
RP Chilingarian, I (reprint author), CRAL Observ Lyon, Lyon, France.
RI Chilingarian, Igor/N-5117-2016
OI Chilingarian, Igor/0000-0002-7924-3253
FU workshop; VO-France; INTAS [04-83-3618]
FX We appreciate the organizing committee support provided to IC for
attending the workshop, and support provided by VO-France. IC is
supported by the INTAS PhD fellowship 04-83-3618. We also thank IVOA
Data Modelling working group for fruitful discussions concerning
characterisation of 3D datasets.
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
BN 978-3-540-73490-1
J9 ESO ASTROPHY SYMP
PY 2007
BP 29
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-3-540-73491-8_5
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy
GA BGZ29
UT WOS:000251479500005
ER
PT B
AU Labandeira, CC
AF Labandeira, Conrad C.
BE Bromley, RG
Buatois, LA
Mangano, G
Genise, JF
Melchor, RN
TI ASSESSING THE FOSSIL RECORD OF PLANT-INSECT ASSOCIATIONS: ICHNODATA
VERSUS BODY-FOSSIL DATA
SO SEDIMENT-ORGANISM INTERACTIONS: A MULTIFACTED ICHNOLOGY
SE SEPM SPECIAL PUBLICATION
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 1st International Congress on Ichnology
CY APR 19-23, 2004
CL Museo Paleontol Egidio Ferugl, Trelew, ARGENTINA
HO Museo Paleontol Egidio Ferugl
ID PENNSYLVANIAN TREE FERNS; FEEDING STRATEGIES; RIVER FORMATION; LEAF
MINES; GALLS; USA; LEPIDOPTERA; POLLINATION; HERBIVORY; PSARONIUS
AB Two basic approaches are used to assess the paleobiology of continental associations between insect herbivores and their host plants. First is a biological approach that emphasizes phylogeny of extant representatives of lineages with fossil records. Second is a paleobiological approach that provides intrinsic evaluation of fossil associational evidence, of which there are several types of studies. One type of study is intensive examination of single insect-herbivore associations that involve a continuum from generalists to specialists requiring detailed autecological deductions about life habits. Another tack is assessment of herbivore damage patterns from selected plant hosts through slices of time for understanding the ecological evolution of a component community. Alternatively, comprehensive analyses call be made of the feeding patterns within a single or a series of regional floras.
The record of plant-insect associations has five advantages. Associational data (1) are typically present in deposits that lack insect body fossils; (2) often surpass in abundance and usefulness insect body fossils in the same deposit; (3) frequently antedate their respective insect body fossils; (4) provide invaluable behavioral data that are unavailable from body fossils; and (5) supply crucial data for testing hypotheses in paleobiology and evolutionary biology that otherwise are unachievable. Disadvantages involve difficulties in circumscribing insect culprits, absence of extant ecological data to which fossil data cart be compared, and lack of attention by paleobotanists and botanists in collecting damaged specimens. An associational view of fossil land plants and insects provides a dynamic, process-oriented view of ecosystem evolution that is needed in paleobiology.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Labandeira, CC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM labandec@si.edu
NR 130
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 6
PU S E P M - SOC SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
PI TULSA
PA PO BOX 4756 1731 E 71ST ST, TULSA, OK 74159-0756 USA
BN 978-1-56576-129-2
J9 SEPM SPEC P
PY 2007
VL 88
BP 9
EP 26
PG 18
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA BJD38
UT WOS:000264979700002
ER
PT B
AU Slavin, JD
AF Slavin, Jonathan D.
BE Haverkorn, M
Goss, WM
TI Evaporation and thermal balance of tiny HI clouds
SO Sins - Small Ionized and Neutral Structures in the Diffuse Interstellar
Medium
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Small Ionized and Neutral Structures in the Diffuse
Interstellar Medium
CY MAY 21-24, 2006
CL Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM
HO Natl Radio Astron Observ
ID INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM
AB We discuss the thermal evaporation of tiny H I clouds in the interstellar medium. Cold neutral clouds will take similar to 10(6)-10(7) yr to evaporate if they are embedded in warm neutral gas and about half as long if embedded in hot gas. Heat flux saturation effects severely reduce the evaporation rate of cold neutral medium (CNM) clouds into hot gas. For CNM clouds embedded in warm neutral medium (WNM) the much lower conductivity results in slower evaporation. This mass loss rate could still be significant, however, if the environment is relatively quiescent. Partial ionization of the WNM gas would substantially reduce the conductivity and lengthen the lifetime of the tiny Hi clouds. The ultimate importance of thermal conduction to cloud evolution will depend on the role of turbulence and the characteristics of the medium in which the clouds are embedded.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Slavin, JD (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 6
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-583812-33-4
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 365
BP 113
EP 120
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGJ35
UT WOS:000247411700017
ER
PT J
AU Noguchi, K
Urita, N
Hayashida, S
Liu, X
Chance, K
AF Noguchi, Katsuyuki
Urita, Naomi
Hayashida, Sachiko
Liu, Xiong
Chance, Kelly
TI Validation and Comparison of Tropospheric Column Ozone Derived from GOME
Measurements with Ozonesondes over Japan
SO SOLA
LA English
DT Article
AB Tropospheric column ozone derived from Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) measurements (GOME-O(3)) was validated using operational ozonesonde measurements over Japan and compared with Tropospheric Ozone Residual (TOR) derived from Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer and Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet measurements. The GOME-O(3) validation showed positive biases with a magnitude of less than 3 DU (similar to 10%) and random errors of 5-9 DU (similar to 15-30%) at collocated sonde stations. GOME-O(3) showed better agreement with ozonesonde measurements over Japan than TOR did. The direct comparison between GOME-O(3) and TOR showed the underestimation of TOR during winter and spring in the southern part of Japan (around 30 degrees N).
C1 [Noguchi, Katsuyuki; Urita, Naomi; Hayashida, Sachiko] Nara Womens Univ, Fac Sci, Nara 6308506, Japan.
[Liu, Xiong; Chance, Kelly] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Noguchi, K (reprint author), Nara Womens Univ, Fac Sci, Kita Uoya Nishi Machi, Nara 6308506, Japan.
EM nogu@ics.nara-wu.ac.jp
RI Liu, Xiong/P-7186-2014;
OI Liu, Xiong/0000-0003-2939-574X; Chance, Kelly/0000-0002-7339-7577
FU Ministry of the Environment of Japan [B-051]; Ministry of Education,
Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan [17740312]; NASA;
Smithsonian Institution
FX This study was partly supported by the Global Environment Research Fund
(B-051) by the Ministry of the Environment of Japan, and a Grant-in-Aid
for Young Scientists (B), No. 17740312, from the Ministry of Education,
Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. We are grateful to
anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions and comments. The TOR
dataset is available via the Web site
(http://asd-www.larc.nasa.gov/TOR/data.html). Research at the Center for
Astrophysics was supported by NASA and the Smithsonian Institution.
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU METEOROLOGICAL SOC JPN
PI TOKYO
PA C/O JPN METEOROL AGENCY 1-3-4 OTE-MACHI, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 100-0004,
JAPAN
SN 1349-6476
J9 SOLA
JI SOLA
PY 2007
VL 3
BP 41
EP 44
DI 10.2151/sola.2007-011
PG 4
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA V10JH
UT WOS:000207459800011
ER
PT J
AU Parker, CR
Flint, OS
Jacobus, LM
Kondratieff, BC
McCafferty, WP
Morse, JC
AF Parker, Charles R.
Flint, Oliver S., Jr.
Jacobus, Luke M.
Kondratieff, Boris C.
McCafferty, W. Patrick
Morse, John C.
TI Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Megaloptera, and Trichoptera of Great Smoky
Mountains National Park
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 67th Annual Meeting of the Association-of-Southeastern-Biologists
CY MAR 29-APR 01, 2006
CL Gatlinburg, TN
SP Assoc SE Biol
ID REVISIONARY CONTRIBUTIONS; EPHEMERELLIDAE; USA; CADDISFLIES; BAETIDAE;
MAYFLIES; RECORDS; STREAMS
AB Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP), situated on the mountainous border of North Carolina and Tennessee, is recognized as one of the most highly diverse protected areas in the temperate region. In order to provide baseline data for the scientific management of GSMNP, an All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory (ATBI) was initiated in 1998. Among the goals of the ATBI are to discover the identity and distribution of as many as possible of the species of life that occur in GSMNP. The authors have concentrated on the orders of completely aquatic insects other than odonates. We examined or utilized others' records of more than 53,600 adult and 78,000 immature insects from 545 locations. At present, 469 species are known from GSMNP, including 120 species of Ephemeroptera (mayflies), I I I species of Plecoptera (stoneflies), 7 species of Megaloptera (dobsonflies, fishflies, and alderflies), and 231 species of Trichoptera (caddisflies). Included in this total are 10 species new to science discovered since the ATBI began.
C1 [Parker, Charles R.] US Geol Survey, Great Smokies Field Stn, Gatlinburg, TN USA.
[Flint, Oliver S., Jr.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Jacobus, Luke M.; McCafferty, W. Patrick] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47904 USA.
[Kondratieff, Boris C.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Morse, John C.] Clemson Univ, Dept Entomol, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
RP Parker, CR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Smokies Field Stn, 1314 Cherokee Orchard Rd, Gatlinburg, TN USA.
EM chuck_parker@usgs.gov
NR 41
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
EI 1938-5412
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PY 2007
VL 6
SI 1
BP 159
EP 174
DI 10.1656/1528-7092(2007)6[159:EPMATO]2.0.CO;2
PG 16
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 243JQ
UT WOS:000251793000011
ER
PT J
AU Thorington, KK
Bowman, R
Fleischer, R
AF Thorington, Katherine K.
Bowman, Reed
Fleischer, Robert
TI Molothrus ater (Brown-headed Cowbird) lays egg in artificial nest in
highlands County, Florida
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID PREDATION; PARASITISM; SELECTION; SEQUENCE
AB On April 28, 2001, we found an unidentified egg in an artificial nest in Highlands County, FL. The artificial nests used in this study contained one Coturnix japonica (quail) egg and one tethered clay sham egg. The unidentified egg was added to the nest between days 12 and 18 of exposure. The quail egg was unmarked, but the sham was covered in small beak markings suggesting that a bird had manipulated it. Molothrus ater (Brown-headed Cowbirds) and M. bonariensis (Shiny Cowbirds) occur in the area, but Brown-headeds are far more common; however, we never observed either species near this particular artificial nest. An mtDNA sequence (300 base pairs of cytochrome b) amplified from this egg was compared to DNA sequences from GenBank, and we found a nearly perfect sequence match with the Brown-headed Cowbird. Parasitism by these birds in unattended and artificial nests is unusual, especially when host activity is not mimicked by researchers. This is the first record of Brown-headed Cowbird parasitism in Highlands County.
C1 Archbold Biol Stn, Lake Placid, FL 33870 USA.
Museum Natl Hist Nat, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
RP Thorington, KK (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, POB 7325, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
EM thorkk2@wfu.edu
NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
EI 1938-5412
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PY 2007
VL 6
IS 3
BP 559
EP 563
DI 10.1656/1528-7092(2007)6[559:MABCLE]2.0.CO;2
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 215EB
UT WOS:000249790000015
ER
PT S
AU Laurance, WF
AF Laurance, William F.
BE Tscharntke, T
Leuschner, C
Zeller, M
Guhardja, E
Bidin, A
TI Ecosystem decay of Amazonian forest fragments: implications for
conservation
SO STABILITY OF TROPICAL RAINFOREST MARGINS: LINKING ECOLOGICAL, ECONOMIC
AND SOCIAL CONSTRAINTS OF LAND USE AND CONSERVATION
SE Environmental Science and Engineering
BS Environmental Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Symposium on Stability of Tropical Rainforest Margins
CY SEP, 2005
CL Georg-August-Univ Goettingen, Goettingen, GERMANY
SP German Sci Fdn
HO Georg-August-Univ Goettingen
DE Amazon; edge effects; forest dynamics; habitat fragmentation; hunting;
logging; microhabitat changes; rainforest; surface fires
ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION;
INSECTIVOROUS BIRDS; SPECIES RICHNESS; TREE COMMUNITIES; BRAZILIAN
AMAZON; EUGLOSSINE BEES; BREEDING BIRDS; CLIMATE-CHANGE
AB I summarize key findings from the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, the world's largest and longest-running experimental study of habitat fragmentation. Although initially designed to assess the influence of fragment area on Amazonian biotas, the project has yielded insights that go far beyond the original scope of the study. Results suggest that edge effects play a key role in fragment dynamics, that the matrix has a major influence on fragment connectivity and functioning, and that many Amazonian species avoid even small (< 100 m wide) clearings. The effects of fragmentation are highly eclectic, altering species richness and abundances, species invasions, forest dynamics, the trophic structure of communities, and a variety of ecological and ecosystem processes. Moreover, forest fragmentation appears to interact synergistically with ecological changes such as hunting, fires, and logging, collectively posing an even greater threat to the rainforest biota.
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Laurance, WF (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 2072, Balboa, Panama.
EM laurancew@i.edu
RI Laurance, William/B-2709-2012
NR 145
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 24
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1863-5520
BN 978-3-540-30289-6
J9 ENVIRON SCI ENG
JI Environ. Sci. Eng.
PY 2007
BP 11
EP 37
PG 27
WC Ecology; Forestry
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA BGM79
UT WOS:000248525000002
ER
PT S
AU Perfecto, I
Armbrecht, I
Philpott, SM
Soto-Pinto, L
Dietsch, TV
AF Perfecto, Ivette
Armbrecht, Inge
Philpott, Stacy M.
Soto-Pinto, Lorena
Dietsch, Thomas V.
BE Tscharntke, T
Leuschner, C
Zeller, M
Guhardja, E
Bidin, A
TI Shaded coffee and the stability of rainforest margins in northern Latin
America
SO STABILITY OF TROPICAL RAINFOREST MARGINS: LINKING ECOLOGICAL, ECONOMIC
AND SOCIAL CONSTRAINTS OF LAND USE AND CONSERVATION
SE Environmental Science and Engineering
BS Environmental Engineering
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Symposium on Stability of Tropical Rainforest Margins
CY SEP, 2005
CL Georg-August-Univ Goettingen, Goettingen, GERMANY
SP German Sci Fdn
HO Georg-August-Univ Goettingen
DE coffee agroecosystems; Latin America; certification programs; function
of biodiversity; intensification
ID TROPICAL AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS; SOUTHERN COSTA-RICA; TRAP-NESTING BEES;
COUNTRYSIDE BIOGEOGRAPHY; BIRD COMMUNITIES; ANT DIVERSITY; LOS-TUXTLAS;
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE; FRAGMENTED LANDSCAPES
AB Most native forests in Latin America are highly fragmented. In the mid elevation areas of Northern Latin America, the agricultural matrix is frequently composed of coffee. In this region, coffee has been traditionally cultivated under the diverse canopy of shade trees, representing a high quality matrix that can contribute to the social and ecological stability of the region. This agroforestry system has been proven to be important for biodiversity conservation. Studies over the last fifteen years have shown that shaded coffee plantations maintain a high diversity of vertebrates, invertebrates and plants. These organisms play an important role in the functioning of coffee agroecosystems. Shaded coffee plantations promote a high abundance and diversity of natural enemies that help to regulate herbivores, weeds and diseases. Shaded plantations also harbor a higher diversity of native pollinators which have been shown to contribute to higher coffee yields. Likewise, the diverse shade-tree component contributes to soil fertility and soil conservation and has been shown to contribute significantly to carbon sequestration. As a matrix, coffee agroforests also contribute to the conservation of biodiversity within forest fragments by promoting migration among fragments and facilitating a metapopulation structure. Three "sustainable" coffee certification programs have been developed to help farmers cope with the vagaries of the market: organic, fair-trade and biodiversity-friendly (or shade-grown). Although certified coffees still represent a small niche market, they have the potential to promote conservation and benefit the livelihoods of small producers. Especially under conditions of low international coffee prices, as those experienced in the first years of this century, these certification programs have contributed to the ecological and socio-economic stability of the coffee growing regions of northern Latin America.
C1 [Perfecto, Ivette] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Dana Bldg,440 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Armbrecht, Inge] Univ Valle, Dept Biol, Cali 25360, Colombia.
[Philpott, Stacy M.] Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
[Soto-Pinto, Lorena] Colegio Frontera Sur, Unidad San Cristobal, Carretera Panamericana Periferico Sur, Chiapas 29290, Mexico.
[Dietsch, Thomas V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Trop Res, Inst Environm, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Perfecto, I (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Dana Bldg,440 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM perfecto@umich.edu
RI Philpott, Stacy/F-2330-2011
NR 185
TC 34
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 38
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1863-5520
BN 978-3-540-30289-6
J9 ENVIRON SCI ENG
JI Environ. Sci. Eng.
PY 2007
BP 227
EP +
PG 15
WC Ecology; Forestry
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA BGM79
UT WOS:000248525000012
ER
PT B
AU Devor, J
Charbotmeau, D
AF Devor, Jonathan
Charbotmeau, David
BE Babu, GJ
Feigelson, ED
TI A maximum likelihood method for identifying the components of eclipsing
binary stars
SO STATISTICAL CHALLENGES IN MODERN ASTRONOMY IV
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 4th Statistical Challenges in Modern Astronomy Conference
CY JUN 12-15, 2006
CL Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA
HO Penn State Univ
AB The Method for Eclipsing Component Identification (MECI) is an automated method for assigning the most likely absolute physical parameters to the components of an eclipsing binary (EB) star system. MECI is unique in that it requires only the photometric light curve and combined colors of an eclipsing binary star system. This method enables us to systematically analyze large photometric time-series survey datasets (e.g. OGLE, MACHO, TrES, HAT, and many others). It also enables the analysis of binaries that are faint due to their large distance or low intrinsic luminosity, for which obtaining multi-epoch spectroscopy would be difficult. We built an automated implementation of this method and publicly released its source code(1). We intend to use MECI to find rare and interesting systems, specifically low-mass binaries, for which the mass-radius relation is poorly understood.
C1 [Devor, Jonathan; Charbotmeau, David] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Devor, J (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-240-2
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 371
BP 413
EP 414
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields; Statistics &
Probability
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics; Mathematics
GA BHB12
UT WOS:000252032000046
ER
PT J
AU Rincon, DA
Arenas, JE
Cuartas, CH
Cardenas, AL
Molinares, CE
Caicedo, C
Jaramillo, C
AF Rincon, Daniel A.
Arenas, Jose E.
Cuartas, Carlos H.
Cardenas, Andres L.
Molinares, Carlos E.
Caicedo, Claudia
Jaramillo, Carlos
TI Eocene-Pliocene planktonic foraminifera biostratigraphy from the
continental margin of the southwest Caribbean
SO STRATIGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID EVOLUTION; PANAMA; AMERICA; EVENTS; BELT; ARC
AB Biostratigraphy in northern Colombia has traditionally been done using foraminifera. Quantitative biostratigraphic techniques could improve the zonations that have been proposed for the region. We analyze the biostratigraphic information from 190 planktonic foraminifera species, and 1961 ditch-cutting samples from 26 oil wells in northern Colombia to produce a zonation for the region. A quantitative biostratigraphic technique known as Constrained Optimization was used to analyze the data.
The proposed zonation relies exclusively on last occurrences, which are readily applied to petroleum exploration. It has thirteen zones and eight subzones for the Eocene to Pliocene interval. Three zones and two subzones are defined for the Eocene, three zones for the Oligocene, six zones and six subzones for the Miocene, and one zone for the Pliocene. The zonation reveals three major unconformities: (1) a late Eocene - early Oligocene hiatus; (2) a late Oligocene - early Miocene hiatus; and (3) a late Miocene hiatus; the hiatuses are related to the collision of the Caribbean with the South American plate.
C1 [Rincon, Daniel A.; Arenas, Jose E.; Cuartas, Carlos H.; Cardenas, Andres L.; Molinares, Carlos E.; Caicedo, Claudia] Colombia Petr Inst, Biostratig Team, ICP ECOPETROL, Santander, Colombia.
[Cuartas, Carlos H.; Molinares, Carlos E.] Univ EAFIT, Dept Geol, Medellin, Colombia.
[Molinares, Carlos E.; Jaramillo, Carlos] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Rincon, DA (reprint author), Alfred Wegener Inst, Bremerhaven, Germany.
EM daniel.rincon.martinez@awi.de
OI Rincon, Daniel/0000-0002-5684-2130
NR 86
TC 10
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 3
PU MICROPALEONTOLOGY PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 256 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA
SN 1547-139X
J9 STRATIGRAPHY
JI Stratigraphy
PY 2007
VL 4
IS 4
BP 261
EP 311
PG 51
WC Geology; Paleontology
SC Geology; Paleontology
GA 256YH
UT WOS:000252765300001
ER
PT J
AU Ballard, MW
AF Ballard, Mary W.
TI Natural dyes: Sources, tradition, technology and science
SO STUDIES IN CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Ballard, Mary W.] Smithsonian Museum Conservat Inst, Washington, DC USA.
RP Ballard, MW (reprint author), Smithsonian Museum Conservat Inst, Washington, DC USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU INT INST CONSERVATION HISTORIC ARTISTIC WORKS
PI LONDON
PA 6 BUCKINGHAM ST, LONDON WC2N 6BA, ENGLAND
SN 0039-3630
J9 STUD CONSERV
JI Stud. Conserv.
PY 2007
VL 52
IS 4
BP 318
EP 319
PG 2
WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Analytical;
Spectroscopy
SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 295PE
UT WOS:000255485600008
ER
PT S
AU Kirshner, RP
AF Kirshner, Robert P.
BE Immler, S
Weiler, K
McCray, R
TI SN 1987A: Twenty years of serious fun with IUE and HST
SO SUPERNOVA 1987A: 20 YEARS AFTER: SUPERNOVAE AND GAMMA-RAY BURSTERS
SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Supernova 1987A - 20 Years After
CY FEB 19-23, 2007
CL Aspen, CO
SP Natl Sci Fdn, NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Swift Sci Ctr, XMM Newton Guest Observ Cac, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Chandra X Ray Ctr, Naval Res Lab, Univ Colorado
DE supernovae : general; supernovae-individual (SN 1987A)
ID LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD; SUPERNOVA 1987A; SN 1987A; DISTANCE
AB Space-based observations of SN 1987A with IUE and then with HST have provided a clearer picture of its nature both through superb angular resolution and through access to its ultraviolet emission. The observations help establish the nature of the progenitor star, reveal evidence for mass loss before the explosion, constrain the physics of the explosion, illuminate radiative transfer through the disrupted star, and exhibit a remarkably wide range of physical mechanisms that produce the emission we see today. A long, dense, and thorough observational program has allowed us to trace the fading of SN 1987A over 20 years during which the flux has declined by a factor of 15,000,000. Future prospects for studying SN 1987A are bright-when HST is refurbished in 2008, the unsolved problems of SN 1987A will be a prime target for further investigation..
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Kirshner, RP (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0448-9
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 937
BP 15
EP 24
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGX54
UT WOS:000251154500002
ER
PT S
AU Kohri, K
Takayama, F
AF Kohri, Kazunori
Takayama, Fumihiro
BE Feng, JL
TI Long lived charged massive particles and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis
SO SUSY06: THE 14TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SUPERSYMMETRY AND THE
UNIFICATION OF FUNDAMENTAL INTERACTIONS
SE AIP Conference Proceedings
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 14th International Conference on Supersymmetry and the Unification of
Fundamental Interactions
CY JUN 12-17, 2006
CL Irvine, CA
SP Univ Calif, Irvine, US DOE, US Natl Sci Fdn
DE Big Bang Nucleosynthesis; long lived charged massive particles
ID DARK-MATTER; UNIVERSE
AB We consider Big Bang Nucleosynthesis(BBN) with long lived charged massive particles. Before decaying, the long lived massive particles recombines with a light element to form a bound state like a hydrogen atom. We discuss the possible change of primordial light element abundances due to formations of such bound states.
C1 [Kohri, Kazunori] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Takayama, Fumihiro] Cornell Univ, Inst High Energy Phenomenol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Kohri, K (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
FU NASA [NNG04GL38G]
FX F.T would like to thank Bryan T. Smith, Jonathan L. Feng, Jose A.R.
Cembranos for discussions in the early stage of this work and Maxim
Pospelov, Manoj Kaplinghat, Arvind Rajaraman for discussions in SUSY06
and Mikhail Shifman, Keith Olive for suggestions during my visit to
their institute and Koichi Hamaguchi, Tsutomu Yanagida for discussions
on stau catalysis fusion and Toichiro Kinoshita, Maxim Perelstein for
valuable suggestions. This work was supported in part by NASA grant
NNG04GL38G.
NR 32
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0410-6
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 903
BP 587
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Particles
& Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BGG33
UT WOS:000246652700130
ER
PT J
AU Agnarsson, I
Kuntner, M
AF Agnarsson, Ingi
Kuntner, Matjaz
TI Taxonomy in a changing world: Seeking solutions for a science in crisis
SO SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DNA BARCODES; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; INTEGRATIVE TAXONOMY; ANELOSIMUS
ARANEAE; BIODIVERSITY; THERIDIIDAE; IMPEDIMENT; EXTINCTION; MORPHOLOGY;
REVISION
C1 Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool Bot, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Slovenia Acad Sci, Ctr Sci Res, Inst Biol, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Smithsonian Inst, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Dept Entomol, NHB 105, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Agnarsson, I (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Biol, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
EM iagnarsson@gmail.com; kuntner@gmail.com
NR 50
TC 106
Z9 121
U1 5
U2 35
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1063-5157
EI 1076-836X
J9 SYST BIOL
JI Syst. Biol.
PY 2007
VL 56
IS 3
BP 531
EP 539
DI 10.1088/10635150701424546
PG 11
WC Evolutionary Biology
SC Evolutionary Biology
GA 191YP
UT WOS:000248168200008
PM 17562477
ER
PT J
AU Wood, KR
Wagner, WL
Motley, TJ
AF Wood, Kenneth R.
Wagner, Warren L.
Motley, Timothy J.
TI Labordia lorenciana (Loganiaceae): A new critically endangered species
from Kaua'i, Hawaiian islands with comments on its conservation
SO SYSTEMATIC BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE conservation; Hawai'i; IUCN red list categories; Kaua'i; Labordia;
Loganiaceae
AB Labordia lorenciana is described and illustrated from Kaua'i, Hawai'i, U.S.A. This new species most closely resembles the O'ahu endemic species Labordia kaalae C. N. Forbes, from which it differs in having leaf bases deeply cordate to auriculate, adaxial leaf surfaces puberulent, and fruit valves 25-37 mm long, and longitudinally striate. Known from only four individuals, Labordia lorenciana is amongst ca. 120 other rare Hawaiian taxa that are limited to less than 50 individuals and is currently being cultivated for conservation.
C1 Natl Trop Bot Garden, Kalaheo, HI 96741 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
New York Bot Garden, Lewis B & Dorothy Cullman Program Mol Systemat St, Bronx, NY 10458 USA.
RP Wood, KR (reprint author), Natl Trop Bot Garden, 3530 Papalina Rd, Kalaheo, HI 96741 USA.
EM kwood@ntbg.org
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC PLANT TAXONOMISTS
PI BRONX
PA NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN, BRONX, NY 10458-5126 USA
SN 0363-6445
J9 SYST BOT
JI Syst. Bot.
PD JAN-MAR
PY 2007
VL 32
IS 1
BP 195
EP 199
DI 10.1600/036364407780360184
PG 5
WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology
GA 142BC
UT WOS:000244622500017
ER
PT J
AU Kuntner, M
AF Kuntner, Matjaz
TI A monograph of Nephilengys, the pantropical 'hermit spiders' (Araneae,
Nephilidae, Nephilinae)
SO SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID WEB-BUILDING SPIDERS; ORB-WEAVING SPIDERS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS;
ARANEIDAE ARACHNIDA; CRUENTATA ARANEAE; TETRAGNATHIDAE; THERIDIIDAE;
GENUS; RECONSTRUCTION; CONSTRUCTION
AB The nephilid genus Nephilengys, known for its synanthropic habits, large webs with a retreat and the extreme sexual size dimorphism, is revised. Of the twenty-three available names, only four species with a globally allopatric distribution are recognized, illustrated and described from both sexes: N. cruentata (Fabricius, 1775) inhabits tropical Africa and South America, where it has probably been introduced; N. borbonica (Vinson, 1863) is found on Madagascar, Comoros, Seychelles and the Mascarene Islands; N. malabarensis (Walckenaer, 1842) ranges from India and Sri Lanka to China, Japan and eastern Indonesia; N. papuana Thorell, 1881stat.n. is known from New Guinea and tropical Australia. Nephila instigans Butler, 1876 is the proposed syn.n. of N. borbonica; N. borbonica livida Vinson, 1863 is syn.n. of N. borbonica; N. niahensis Deeleman-Reinhold, 1989 is syn.n. of N. malabarensis; N. rainbowi Hogg, 1899 is syn.n. of N. papuana. N. kenmorei Barrion & Litsinger, 1995, here proposed as a nomen dubium, is an araneid. Nephilengys biology is reviewed and its anatomy summarized for use in a phylogenetic analysis of 197 characters scored for all Nephilengys, selected nephilid species and non-nephilid outgroups. Two new clades are circumscribed, the 'cruentata species group' (with N. cruentata and N. borbonica) and the 'malabarensis species group' (with N. malabarensis and N. papuana).
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
RP Kuntner, M (reprint author), Slovak Acad Sci & Arts, Inst Biol, Ctr Sci Res, Novi Trg 2,POB 306, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
EM kuntner@gmail.com
NR 113
TC 55
Z9 58
U1 0
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0307-6970
EI 1365-3113
J9 SYST ENTOMOL
JI Syst. Entomol.
PD JAN
PY 2007
VL 32
IS 1
BP 95
EP 135
DI 10.1111/j.1365-3113.2006.00348.x
PG 41
WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology
SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology
GA 119DQ
UT WOS:000242992800008
ER
PT S
AU Owsley, DW
Bruwelheide, KS
Burgess, LE
Billeck, WT
AF Owsley, Douglas W.
Bruwelheide, Karin S.
Burgess, Laurie E.
Billeck, William T.
BE Chacon, RJ
Dye, DH
TI Human Finger and Hand Bone Necklaces from the Plains and Great Basin
SO TAKING AND DISPLAYING OF HUMAN BODY PARTS AS TROPHIES BY AMERINDIANS
SE Interdisciplinary Contributions to Archaeology
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Owsley, Douglas W.; Bruwelheide, Karin S.; Burgess, Laurie E.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Billeck, William T.] Smithsonian Inst, Repatriat Off, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Owsley, DW (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,NMNH,MRC 112, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM owsleyd@si.edu; bruwelka@si.edu; burgessl@si.edu; billeckb@si.edu
NR 65
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
SN 1568-2722
BN 978-0-387-48303-0
J9 INTERD CONTRIB ARCH
PY 2007
BP 124
EP 166
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-48303-0_7
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-48303-0
PG 43
WC Anthropology; Archaeology
SC Anthropology; Archaeology
GA BLA68
UT WOS:000269778300007
ER
PT B
AU O'Donovan, FT
Charbormeau, D
AF O'Donovan, F. T.
Charbormeau, D.
BE Afonso, C
Weldrake, D
Henning, T
TI TrES exoplanets and false positives: Finding the needle in the Haystack
SO TRANSITING EXTRASOLAR PLANETS WORKSHOP
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Transiting Extrasolar Planets Workshop
CY SEP 25-28, 2006
CL Max Planck Inst Astron, Heidelberg, GERMANY
HO Max Planck Inst Astron
ID PLANET
AB Our incomplete understanding of the formation of gas giants and of their mass-radius relationship has motivated ground-based, wide-field surveys for new transiting extrasolar giant planets. Yet, astrophysical false positives have dominated the yield from these campaigns. Astronomical systems where the light from a faint eclipsing binary and a bright star is blended, producing a transit-like light curve, are particularly difficult to eliminate. As part of the Trans-atlantic Exoplanet Survey, we have encountered numerous false positives and have developed a procedure to reject them. We present examples of these false positives, including the blended system GSC 03885-00829 which we showed to be a K dwarf binary system superimposed on a late F dwarf star. This transit candidate in particular demonstrates the careful analysis required to identify astrophysical false positives in a transit survey. From amongst these impostors, we have found two transiting planets. We discuss our follow-up observations of TrES-2, the first transiting planet in the Kepler field.
C1 [O'Donovan, F. T.] CALTECH, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Charbormeau, D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP O'Donovan, FT (reprint author), CALTECH, 1200 E California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNG05GJ29G]; Origins of
Solar Systems Program
FX This material is based on work supported by the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration under grant NNG05GJ29G, issued through the Origins
of Solar Systems Program.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-583812-34-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 366
BP 58
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGJ12
UT WOS:000247385200009
ER
PT B
AU Hartman, JD
Gaudi, BS
Holman, MJ
McLeod, BA
Stanek, KZ
Barranco, J
AF Hartman, J. D.
Gaudi, B. S.
Holman, M. J.
McLeod, B. A.
Stanek, K. Z.
Barranco, J.
BE Afonso, C
Weldrake, D
Henning, T
TI A search for transiting hot planets as small as Neptune in the open
cluster m37
SO Transiting Extrasolar Planets Workshop
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Transiting Extrasolar Planets Workshop
CY SEP 25-28, 2006
CL Max Planck Inst Astron, Heidelberg, GERMANY
HO Max Planck Inst Astron
ID IMAGE SUBTRACTION; SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; STELLAR-SYSTEMS; EARTH-MASSES;
SPACED DATA; FIELD; PHOTOMETRY; ALGORITHM; NGC-2099; NGC-6791
AB We are conducting a transit survey of the open cluster M37 using the Megacam instrument on the 6.5 m Multiple-Mirror Telescope. We have obtained similar to 4500 images of this cluster over 18.5 nights and have achieved the precision necessary to detect planets smaller than Saturn. In this presentation we provide an overview of the project, describe the ongoing data reduction/analysis and present some of our preliminary results.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Hartman, JD (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Gaudi, Bernard/I-7732-2012
NR 31
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BN 978-1-583812-34-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 366
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WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGJ12
UT WOS:000247385200010
ER
PT B
AU Blake, CH
Latham, DW
Bloom, JS
AF Blake, C. H.
Latham, D. W.
Bloom, J. S.
BE Afonso, C
Weldrake, D
Henning, T
TI The PAIRITEL ultracool Dwarf Transit survey
SO Transiting Extrasolar Planets Workshop
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Transiting Extrasolar Planets Workshop
CY SEP 25-28, 2006
CL Max Planck Inst Astron, Heidelberg, GERMANY
HO Max Planck Inst Astron
AB We present initial results from a project designed to monitor Ultracool Dwarfs (UCDs) of late-M to early-L spectral type in the near infrared (NIR) to evaluate the feasibility of detecting close-in, planetary companions to small stars. Owing to the small radii of the UCDs, data obtained with the Peters Automated Infrared Imaging Telescope (PAIRITEL) should allow us to detect terrestrial-size transiting planets. A sample of 20 objects was monitored nightly over a period of four months with a typical precision of approximate to 1%. To date, more than 10(6) seconds of observations have been collected. We find that UCDs represent photometrically stable targets suitable for transiting planet searches in the NIR. We present data from two targets with representative time coverage and photometric behavior. The likelihood of detecting an existing close-in planet in the PAIRITEL data using this observational strategy is simulated. We demonstrate that with effective integrations of 20 minutes we achieve 8 mmag rms over a period of 100 days, suggesting sensitivity to Earth size planets. A campaign to monitor a large sample of UCDs provides a viable method for detecting terrestrial planets, super-Earths, and Neptunes potentially located in the habitable zones of their hosts.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Blake, CH (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 6
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BN 978-1-583812-34-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 366
BP 87
EP 89
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WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGJ12
UT WOS:000247385200014
ER
PT B
AU Shporer, A
Mazeh, T
Moran, A
Bakos, G
Kovacs, G
AF Shporer, A.
Mazeh, T.
Moran, A.
Bakos, G.
Kovacs, G.
BE Afonso, C
Weldrake, D
Henning, T
TI Searching for variables in one of the WHAT fields
SO TRANSITING EXTRASOLAR PLANETS WORKSHOP
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Transiting Extrasolar Planets Workshop
CY SEP 25-28, 2006
CL Max Planck Inst Astron, Heidelberg, GERMANY
HO Max Planck Inst Astron
ID LIGHT CURVES
AB We present preliminary results on a single field observed by WHAT. a small-aperture short focal length automated telescope with an 8.2 degrees x 8.2 degrees deg field of view, located at the Wise Observatory. The system is similar to the members of HATNet (http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/similar to gbakos/HAT/) and is aimed at searching for transiting extrasolar planets and variable objects. With 5 min integration time, the telescope achieved a precision of a few mmag for the brightest objects. We detect variables with amplitudes less than 0.01 mag. All 152 periodic variables are presented at http://wise-obs.tau.ac.il/similar to amit/236/.
C1 [Shporer, A.; Mazeh, T.; Moran, A.] Tel Aviv Univ, Wise Observ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
[Bakos, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Kovacs, G.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Konkoly Observ Budapest, Budapest, Hungary.
RP Shporer, A (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Wise Observ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
FU Sackler Institute of Astronomy; Hungarian Scientific Research Fund
(OTKA) [M-041922, K-60750]; NASA through Hubble [HF-01170.01]; STScI;
NASA [NAS 5-26555]; G.I.F., the German-Israeli Foundation for Scientific
Research and Development
FX The WHAT project has been made possible by grants from the Sackler
Institute of Astronomy and from the Hungarian Scientific Re- search Fund
(OTKA M-041922, K-60750). Work of G. B. was supported by NASA through
Hubble Fellowship grant HF-01170.01 awarded by the STScI, which is
operated by the AURA, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. This
research was supported by a Grant from the G.I.F., the German-Israeli
Foundation for Scientific Research and Development.
NR 8
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BN 978-1-583812-34-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 366
BP 99
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WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGJ12
UT WOS:000247385200018
ER
PT B
AU Kovacs, G
Bakos, GA
AF Kovacs, G.
Bakos, G. A.
BE Afonso, C
Weldrake, D
Henning, T
TI Signal search and reconstruction by a trend filtering algorithm
SO TRANSITING EXTRASOLAR PLANETS WORKSHOP
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Transiting Extrasolar Planets Workshop
CY SEP 25-28, 2006
CL Max Planck Inst Astron, Heidelberg, GERMANY
HO Max Planck Inst Astron
AB We present additional tests of our algorithm aimed at filtering out systematics due to data reduction and instrumental imperfections in time series obtained by ensemble photometry. Signal detection efficiency is demonstrated, and a method of decreasing the false alarm probability is presented. Including the recently discovered transiting extrasolar planet HAT-P-1, we show various examples on the signal reconstruction capability of the method.
C1 [Kovacs, G.] Konkoly Observ Budapest, Thege 15-17, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary.
[Bakos, G. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Kovacs, G (reprint author), Konkoly Observ Budapest, Thege 15-17, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary.
FU Space Telescope Science Institute; NASA [NNG04GN74G]; [HST-HF-01170.]
FX pushed down near to the white noise limit. Acknowledgments. Support for
program number HST-HF-01170.01-A to G. A. B. was provided by NASA
through a Hubble Fellowship grant from the Space Telescope Science
Institute. Operation of the HATNet project is funded in part by NASA
grant NNG04GN74G. We also acknowledge OTKA K-60750.
NR 8
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J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 366
BP 133
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WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGJ12
UT WOS:000247385200025
ER
PT B
AU Borde, P
Fressin, F
Ollivier, M
Leger, A
Rouan, D
AF Borde, P.
Fressin, F.
Ollivier, M.
Leger, A.
Rouan, D.
BE Afonso, C
Weldrake, D
Henning, T
TI Transdet: a matched-filter based algorithm for transit detection -
Application to simulated COROT light curves
SO TRANSITING EXTRASOLAR PLANETS WORKSHOP
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Transiting Extrasolar Planets Workshop
CY SEP 25-28, 2006
CL Max Planck Inst Astron, Heidelberg, GERMANY
HO Max Planck Inst Astron
ID SPACE MISSION; PLANETS
AB We present a matched-filter based algorithm for transit detection and its application to simulated COROT light curves. This algorithm stems from the work by Borde, Rouan & Leger (2003). We describe the different steps we intend to take to discriminate between planets and stellar companions using the three photometric bands provided by COROT. These steps include the search for secondary transits, the search for ellipsoidal variability, and the Study of transit chromaticity. We also discuss the performance of this approach in the context of blind tests organized inside the COROT exoplanet consortium.
C1 [Borde, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Fressin, F.] Observ Cote Azur, F-06304 Nice, France.
[Ollivier, M.; Leger, A.] Univ Paris 11, IAS, F-91405 Orsay, France.
[Rouan, D.] Observ Paris, LESIA, F-92195 Meudon, France.
RP Borde, P (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
FU Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) [1256791]; Michelson Fellowship Program
FX y This work was performed in part under contract 1256791 with the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), funded by NASA through the Michel- son
Fellowship Program. JPL is managed for NASA by the California Institute
of Technology. This research has made use of NASAs Astrophysics Data
Sys- tem.
NR 8
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BN 978-1-583812-34-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 366
BP 145
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WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGJ12
UT WOS:000247385200027
ER
PT B
AU Miller-Ricci, E
Rowe, JF
Sasselov, D
Matthews, JM
Guenther, DB
Kuschnig, R
Moffat, AFJ
Rucinski, SM
Walker, GAH
Weiss, WW
AF Miller-Ricci, E.
Rowe, J. F.
Sasselov, D.
Matthews, J. M.
Guenther, D. B.
Kuschnig, R.
Moffat, A. F. J.
Rucinski, S. M.
Walker, G. A. H.
Weiss, W. W.
BE Afonso, C
Weldrake, D
Henning, T
TI MOST spacebased photometry of the transiting exoplanet system HD 209458:
Transit timing to search for additional planets
SO Transiting Extrasolar Planets Workshop
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Transiting Extrasolar Planets Workshop
CY SEP 25-28, 2006
CL Max Planck Inst Astron, Heidelberg, GERMANY
HO Max Planck Inst Astron
ID EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; HD 209458B; GJ-876; RADII; STAR
AB We report on the measurement of transit times for the HD 209458 planetary system from photometry obtained with the MOST1 (Microvariability & Oscillations of STars) space telescope. Deviations from a constant orbital period can indicate the presence of additional planets in the system that are yet undetected, potentially with masses approaching Earth mass. The MOST data sets of HD 209458 from 2004 and 2005 represent unprecedented time coverage with nearly continuous observations spanning 14 and 43 days and monitoring 2 and 12 consecutive transits, respectively. The transit times we obtain show no variations and allow us to place strong limits on the presence of additional close-in planets in the system, in some cases down to an Earth mass. This result, together with previous radial velocity and transit timing work, now eliminates the possibility that a perturbing planet could be responsible for the additional heat source needed to explain HD 209458b's anomalous low density.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Miller-Ricci, E (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 25
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J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 366
BP 164
EP 169
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WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGJ12
UT WOS:000247385200030
ER
PT B
AU Latham, DW
AF Latham, David W.
BE Afonso, C
Weldrake, D
Henning, T
TI Spectroscopic and photometric follow-up observations
SO Transiting Extrasolar Planets Workshop
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Transiting Extrasolar Planets Workshop
CY SEP 25-28, 2006
CL Max Planck Inst Astron, Heidelberg, GERMANY
HO Max Planck Inst Astron
ID PLANET; FIELD
AB We describe some of the strategies and procedures that we have developed for the confirmation of transiting-planet candidates identified by wide-field photometric surveys. We report the relative frequency of several types of astrophysical false positives found among 456 candidates from the Vulcan, TrES, and HAT surveys.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Latham, DW (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 11
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BN 978-1-583812-34-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 366
BP 203
EP 208
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WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGJ12
UT WOS:000247385200037
ER
PT B
AU Fernandez, JM
Beatty, TG
Latham, DW
Everett, ME
Esquerdo, GA
Hergenrother, CW
AF Fernandez, J. M.
Beatty, T. G.
Latham, D. W.
Everett, M. E.
Esquerdo, G. A.
Hergenrother, C. W.
BE Afonso, C
Weldrake, D
Henning, T
TI Follow-up photometry for transiting extrasolar planets and low-mass
stars
SO TRANSITING EXTRASOLAR PLANETS WORKSHOP
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Transiting Extrasolar Planets Workshop
CY SEP 25-28, 2006
CL Max Planck Inst Astron, Heidelberg, GERMANY
HO Max Planck Inst Astron
AB We present new high-quality light curves for the transiting planets XO-1 and TrES-2. We use the observations to update the radius and orbital inclination of the planets. We also present mass and radius determinations for some M dwarfs eclipsing F and G stars originally identified by wide-angle transit searches.
C1 [Fernandez, J. M.; Beatty, T. G.; Latham, D. W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Everett, M. E.; Esquerdo, G. A.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Hergenrother, C. W.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
RP Fernandez, JM (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 5
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BN 978-1-583812-34-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 366
BP 253
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WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGJ12
UT WOS:000247385200045
ER
PT B
AU Dunham, EW
Elliot, JL
Brown, TM
Charbonneau, D
McLean, IS
AF Dunham, E. W.
Elliot, J. L.
Brown, T. M.
Charbonneau, D.
McLean, I. S.
BE Afonso, C
Weldrake, D
Henning, T
TI Precise photometry of extrasolar planet transits with SOFIA
SO TRANSITING EXTRASOLAR PLANETS WORKSHOP
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Transiting Extrasolar Planets Workshop
CY SEP 25-28, 2006
CL Max Planck Inst Astron, Heidelberg, GERMANY
HO Max Planck Inst Astron
ID SERIES
AB Precise photometric observations of transiting extrasolar planets can provide a wealth of data on the nature of these objects. Results such as planetary radius, orbital inclination, stellar limb darkening, evidence for planetary satellites or rings, and atmospheric composition can be found from the transit observation alone. When combined with high quality radial velocity data the mass and density of the planet can be determined. Infrared observations of the secondary minimum provide a means to determine the temperature of the planet and allow limits on the orbital eccentricity to be defined. Perturbations by other planets in the system can be found by variations in transit timing over a period of years.
We anticipate that very high quality transit data can be obtained with SOFIA using the HIPO and FLITECAM science instruments. At present this work is limited to the nine brightest known transiting planets, but the field is so active that many additional targets will be found. The ongoing spectroscopic planet search programs and several ongoing transit search programs designed specifically to find objects bright enough for detailed follow-up work are expected to add numerous objects to this list over SOFIA's lifetime. The Kepler mission will be launched and complete its mission while SOFIA is flying, producing numerous exciting opportunities for additional work.
C1 [Dunham, E. W.] Lowell Observ, 1400 W Mars Hill Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Elliot, J. L.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Elliot, J. L.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Brown, T. M.] Los Cumbres Observ, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA.
[Charbonneau, D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[McLean, I. S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Dunham, EW (reprint author), Lowell Observ, 1400 W Mars Hill Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
NR 13
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BN 978-1-583812-34-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 366
BP 256
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WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGJ12
UT WOS:000247385200046
ER
PT B
AU Knutson, HA
Charbonneau, D
Deming, D
Richardson, LJ
AF Knutson, H. A.
Charbonneau, D.
Deming, D.
Richardson, L. J.
BE Afonso, C
Weldrake, D
Henning, T
TI A ground-based search for L band thermal emission from TrES-1
SO TRANSITING EXTRASOLAR PLANETS WORKSHOP
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Transiting Extrasolar Planets Workshop
CY SEP 25-28, 2006
CL Max Planck Inst Astron, Heidelberg, GERMANY
HO Max Planck Inst Astron
ID EXTRASOLAR PLANET; ATMOSPHERES
AB Recent observations using the Spitzer Space Telescope have detected the thermal emission from several transiting planets, including TrES-1. Charbonneau et al. (2005) found that the 4.5 mu m eclipse depth for TrES-1 was smaller than expected; theoretical models predict that hot Jupiters like TrES-1 should have a strong peak in their emission at 4 mu m. We followed up this initial Spitzer measurement with spectral observations of the secondary eclipse of TrES-1 in L band using NIRI on Gemini North, which allowed us to create a bandpass centered on the predicted 4 gm peak. The simultaneous observation of a second star allows us to calibrate out time-dependent variations in the common-mode terrestrial atmospheric absorption and seeing effects. We obtained a, series of 758 spectra spanning g two secondary eclipses of TrES-1 and present the preliminary results of our analysis in this poster.
C1 [Knutson, H. A.; Charbonneau, D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Deming, D.] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Planetary Syst Lab, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Richardson, L. J.] Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Exoplanet & Stellar Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RP Knutson, HA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
FU Gemini Observatory [GN-2006A-Q-3]; National Science Foundation; NASA
Postdoctoral Fellowship at NASA Goddard
FX This work is based on observations obtained as part of program
GN-2006A-Q-3 at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the
Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a
cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership:
the National Science Foundation (United States), the Particle Physics
and Astronomy Research Council (United Kingdom), the National Research
Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council
(Australia), CNPq (Brazil) and CONICET (Argentina). We are grateful to
Chad Trujillo and the entire Gemini team for their assistance throughout
this process. H. A. K. was supported by a National Science Foundation
Graduate Research Fellowship. L. J. R. was supported by a NASA
Postdoctoral Fellowship at NASA Goddard.
NR 8
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BN 978-1-583812-34-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 366
BP 259
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WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGJ12
UT WOS:000247385200047
ER
PT B
AU Pal, A
Bakos, GA
AF Pal, A.
Bakos, G. A.
BE Afonso, C
Weldrake, D
Henning, T
TI Astrometry in wide-field surveys
SO TRANSITING EXTRASOLAR PLANETS WORKSHOP
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Transiting Extrasolar Planets Workshop
CY SEP 25-28, 2006
CL Max Planck Inst Astron, Heidelberg, GERMANY
HO Max Planck Inst Astron
ID IMAGES
AB We present a general two-dimensional catalog matching algorithm that can efficiently be applied for wide-field astrometry where the acquired images are strained by distortions due to the large field-of-view. The algorithm is able to derive the transformations between a reference catalogue and the images up to arbitrary polynomial order. Our method is applied successfully in the Hungarian-made Automated Telescope Network (HATNet, see Bakes 2004) project both in real-time astrometrical guiding of the telescopes as well as during the reduction of the data. In this paper we summarize the key points of the newly developed parts of the algorithms as well as the performance on large set of wide FOV images taken by the telescopes of HATNet.
C1 [Pal, A.] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Astron, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
[Bakos, G. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Pal, A (reprint author), Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Astron, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary.
FU Hungarian OTKA [T-038437]; NASA [NNG 04-GN74G]; NASA Hubble Fellowship
[HST-HF-01170.01-A]
FX A. P. would like to thank the hospitality of the Harvard-Smithsonian
Center for Astrophysics, where this work was partially carried out. A.
P. was also supported by Hungarian OTKA grant T-038437. The HATNet
project is funded by NASA grant NNG 04-GN74G. G. A. B. wishes to
acknowledge funding from NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF-01170.01-A.
Both authors would like to thank Istvan Domsa for the early development
of triangle and point-matching codes.
NR 11
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BN 978-1-583812-34-1
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 366
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WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGJ12
UT WOS:000247385200061
ER
PT S
AU Schwartz, DA
AF Schwartz, Daniel A.
BE Lee, WH
RamierzRuiz, E
TI Chandra observations of relativistic AGN jets
SO TRIGGERING RELATIVISTIC JETS
SE Revista Mexicana de Astronomia y Astrofisica-Serie de Conferencias
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Triggering Relativistic Jets
CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2005
CL Cozumel, MEXICO
DE cosmic microwave background; galaxies : jets; quasars : general; X-rays
: galaxies
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; EXTENDED RADIO JETS;
LARGE-SCALE JETS; X-RAY-EMISSION; SYNCHROTRON RADIATION; QUASAR JETS;
M87 JET; GALAXIES; 3C-273
AB This article reviews Chandra survey observations of jets in quasars. We interpret the X-ray emission in terms of inverse Compton scattering on the Cosmic Microwave Background. Both the spectral energy distribution and X-ray/radio morphologies support such a supposition, in many cases. This requires bulk relativistic motion of the jets at distances of 100's of kpc from the quasar, and allows estimates of the rest frame magnetic fields; provided we assume minimum energy conditions. The kinetic flux carried by the jets is very large and transported efficiently. Such jets in clusters would carry more than enough energy to balance cooling flows. The IC/CMB mechanism implies that jets should maintain a constant surface brightness to arbitrarily large redshifts - no specific evidence exists yet to support this expectation.
C1 Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Schwartz, DA (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 36
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PU UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTONOMA MEXICO INSTITUTO ASTRONOMIA
PI MEXICO CITY
PA APARTADO POSTAL 70-264, MEXICO CITY 04510, MEXICO
SN 1405-2059
BN 978-970-32-2805-8
J9 REV MEX AST ASTR
PY 2007
VL 27
BP 102
EP 113
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BGI95
UT WOS:000247368600010
ER
PT S
AU Cranmer, SR
AF Cranmer, Steven R.
BE Shaikh, D
Zank, GP
TI Turbulence in the solar corona
SO TURBULENCE AND NONLINEAR PROCESSES IN ASTROPHYSICAL PLASMAS
SE AIP CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 6th Annual International Astrophysics Conference
CY MAR 16-22, 2007
CL Oahu, HI
SP IGPP UCR, Los Alamos Natl Lab, UCLA IGPP, Solana Sci
DE solar corona; solar wind; MHD turbulence; Alfven waves
ID LOW-FREQUENCY WAVES; MHD TURBULENCE; WIND; HOLES; PROPAGATION; FLUX;
ACCELERATION; PHOTOSPHERE; CASCADE; MODELS
AB The solar corona has been revealed in the past decade to be a highly dynamic non-equilibrium plasma environment. Both the loop-filled coronal base and the extended acceleration region of the solar wind appear to be strongly turbulent, but direct observational evidence for a cascade of fluctuation energy from large to small scales is lacking. In this paper I will review the observations of wavelike motions in the corona over a wide range of scales, as well as the macroscopic effects of wave-particle interactions such as preferential ion heating. I will also present a summary of recent theoretical modeling efforts that seem to explain the time-steady properties of the corona (and the fast and slow solar wind) in terms of an anisotropic MHD cascade driven by the partial reflection of low-frequency Alfven waves propagating along the superradially expanding solar magnetic field. Complete theoretical models are difficult to construct, though, because many of the proposed physical processes act on a multiplicity of spatial scales (from centimeters to solar radii) with feedback effects not yet well understood. This paper is thus a progress report on various attempts to couple these disparate scales.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Cranmer, SR (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 50
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER INST PHYSICS
PI MELVILLE
PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA
SN 0094-243X
BN 978-0-7354-0443-4
J9 AIP CONF PROC
PY 2007
VL 932
BP 327
EP 332
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA BGX51
UT WOS:000251152400045
ER
PT B
AU Matthews, LD
Reid, MJ
AF Matthews, Lynn D.
Reid, Mark J.
BE Kerschbaum, F
Charbonnel, C
Wing, RF
TI VLA observations of H-I in the circumstellar envelopes of AGB stars
SO WHY GALAXIES CARE ABOUT AGB STARS: THEIR IMPORTANCE AS ACTORS AND PROBES
SE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC CONFERENCE SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Why Galaxies Care about AGB Stars
CY AUG 07-11, 2006
CL Univ Austria, Vienna, AUSTRIA
HO Univ Austria
ID IRAS SURVEY DATA; EMISSION
AB We present the results of a VLA search for H (I) emission in the circumstellar envelopes of five nearby AGB stars: RS Cnc, IRC+10216, EP Aqr, R Cas, and R Aqr. We have detected emission coincident in both position and velocity with RS Cue, implying that the emission arises from its extended envelope. For R Cas, we detected weak (5 sigma) emission that peaks at the stellar systemic velocity and overlaps with the location of its circumstellar dust shell and thus is probably related to the star. Toward IRC+10216 and EP Aqr, we detected multiple, arcminute-scale H-I emission features at velocities consistent with the circumstellar envelopes, but spatially offset from the stellar positions; in these cases we cannot determine unambiguously if the emission is related to the stars. In the case of IRC+10216, we were unable to confirm the detection of H-I in absorption against the cosmic background previously reported by Le Bertre & Gerard. We detected our fifth target, R Aqr (a symbiotic binary), in the 1.4 GHz continuum.
C1 [Matthews, Lynn D.; Reid, Mark J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Matthews, LD (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-318-8
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 378
BP 319
EP 320
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHB52
UT WOS:000252082300067
ER
PT B
AU Schoier, FL
Olofsson, H
Wong, T
Fong, D
Lindqvist, M
Sjouwerman, LO
AF Schoier, Fredrik L.
Olofsson, Hans
Wong, Tony
Fong, David
Lindqvist, Michael
Sjouwerman, Lorant O.
BE Kerschbaum, F
Charbonnel, C
Wing, RF
TI Non-equilibrium chemistry and dust formation in AGB stars as probed by
SiO line emission
SO WHY GALAXIES CARE ABOUT AGB STARS: THEIR IMPORTANCE AS ACTORS AND PROBES
SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT International Conference on Why Galaxies Care about AGB Stars
CY AUG 07-11, 2006
CL Univ Austria, Vienna, AUSTRIA
HO Univ Austria
AB We have performed high spatial resolution observations of SiO line emission for a sample of 11 AGB stars using the ATCA, VLA and SMA interferometers. Detailed radiative transfer modelling suggests that there are steep chemical gradients of SiO in their circumstellar envelopes. The emerging picture is one where the radial SiO abundance distribution starts at an initial high abundance, in the case of M stars consistent with LTE chemistry, that drastically decreases at a radius of similar to 1 x 10(15) cm. This is consistent with a scenario where SiO freezes out onto dust grains. The region of the wind with low abundance is much more extended, typically similar to 1 x 10(16) cm, and limited by photodissociation. The surpisingly high SiO abundances found in carbon stars requires non-equilibrium chemical processes.
C1 [Schoier, Fredrik L.; Olofsson, Hans] AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Stockholm Observ, Stockholm, Sweden.
[Olofsson, Hans; Lindqvist, Michael] Onsala Space Observat, Onsala, Sweden.
[Wong, Tony] CSIRO Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW, Australia.
[Fong, David] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Sjouwerman, Lorant O.] Natl Radio Astron Observat, Socorro, NM USA.
RP Schoier, FL (reprint author), AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Stockholm Observ, Stockholm, Sweden.
FU Swedish research council
FX F.L.S. and H.O. acknowledge financial support from the Swedish research
council.y
NR 5
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA
BN 978-1-58381-318-8
J9 ASTR SOC P
PY 2007
VL 378
BP 341
EP +
PG 2
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA BHB52
UT WOS:000252082300078
ER
PT J
AU Schmidt, DA
Ball, RL
Douw, G
Ellersieck, MR
Griffin, ME
Citino, SB
Bush, M
AF Schmidt, Debra A.
Ball, Ray L.
Douw, Grobler
Ellersieck, Mark R.
Griffin, Mark E.
Citino, Scott B.
Bush, Mitchell
TI Serum concentrations of amino acids, fatty acids, lipoproteins, vitamins
A and E, and minerals in apparently healthy, free-ranging southern
giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis giraffe)
SO ZOO BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE protein; cholesterol; ruminant
ID CAPTIVE GIRAFFE; D METABOLITES; DAIRY-COWS; 4 ZOOS; CAROTENOIDS;
MORTALITY; ACIDOSIS; RETINOL; LIPIDS
AB This pilot project began establishing a nutritional profile for free-ranging giraffe. The results will be used as a tool to begin assessing the nutritional status of captive giraffe. In October 2004 serum samples were collected opportunistically from seven adult and 17 sub-adult giraffe being anesthetized for different studies. Seventeen animals were from Double Drift Game Reserve and seven animals were from Kariega Private Game Reserve. The serum samples were analyzed for circulating concentrations of amino acids, fatty acids, lipoproteins, vitamins, and minerals. Information from 15 serum samples collected from anesthetized giraffe in Kruger National Park during April and August 2003 was included in the calcium and phosphorus concentration data. No significant differences were identified between genders. Significant differences between locations were identified for concentrations of certain amino acids, fatty acids, and lipoproteins. Differences between locations are likely due to different nutrient concentrations of foods and possibly the result of different animal densities forcing different food choices among locations. This pilot project may expand to include changes in circulating nutrient concentrations for free-ranging giraffe as is influenced by other locations, seasonal food availability, and different giraffe subspecies.
C1 Lincoln Pk Zoo, Chicago, IL USA.
Busch Gardens, Tampa, FL USA.
Catcho Africa, Pretoria, South Africa.
Univ Missouri, Expt Stn Stat, Columbia, MO USA.
Purina Mills, LLC, St Louis, MO USA.
White Oak Conservat Ctr, Yulee, FL USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Conservat & Res Ctr, Front Royal, VA USA.
RP Schmidt, DA (reprint author), Zool Soc San Diego, 1550 San Pasqual Valley Rd, Escondido, CA 92027 USA.
EM dschmidt@sandiegozoo.org
NR 52
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 5
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0733-3188
J9 ZOO BIOL
JI Zoo Biol.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2007
VL 26
IS 1
BP 13
EP 25
DI 10.1002/zoo.20114
PG 13
WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology
SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology
GA 142SI
UT WOS:000244669900002
PM 19360558
ER
PT J
AU Kendall, RA
Latychev, K
Mitrovica, JX
Davis, JE
Tamisiea, ME
AF Kendall, Roblyn A.
Latychev, Konstantin
Mitrovica, Jerry X.
Davis, Jonathan E.
Tamisiea, Mark E.
TI Decontaminating tide gauge records for the influence of glacial
isostatic adjustment: The potential impact of 3-D Earth structure
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-LEVEL CHANGE; SPHERICAL EARTH; ICE SHEETS; RELAXATION; VISCOSITY;
MODEL; RISE
AB We investigate the potential impact of lateral variations in mantle viscosity and lithospheric thickness on predictions of present-day relative sea-level change due to glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA). We consider three viscoelastic Earth models. The first is a 1-D model with a lithospheric thickness of 120 km and upper and lower mantle viscosities of 5 x 10(20) Pa s and 5 x 10(21) Pa s, respectively. The second model includes global lithospheric thickness variations and lateral heterogeneities in upper mantle viscosity ranging over three orders of magnitude, while the third model includes lateral variations in lower mantle viscosity alone. We find that the impact of 3-D structure is significant. Indeed, the difference between the 3-D and 1-D model predictions at similar to 300 sites with tide gauge records longer than 40 years duration is greater than 0.2 mm/yr and 0.5 mm/yr for 50% and 25% of the sites, respectively. The maximum difference exceeds several mm/yr. We conclude that efforts to decontaminate tide gauge records for ongoing GIA, to determine the rate and origin of global sea-level rise, should incorporate 3-D mantle structure into the GIA modelling.
C1 Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Kendall, RA (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, 60 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada.
EM rkendall@physics.utoronto.ca
RI Davis, James/D-8766-2013
OI Davis, James/0000-0003-3057-477X
NR 24
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD DEC 30
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 24
AR L24318
DI 10.1029/2006GL028448
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 124CE
UT WOS:000243344000006
ER
PT J
AU Morris, RV
Klingelhofer, G
Schroder, C
Rodionov, DS
Yen, A
Ming, DW
de Souza, PA
Wdowiak, T
Fleischer, I
Gellert, R
Bernhardt, B
Bonnes, U
Cohen, BA
Evlanov, EN
Foh, J
Gutlich, P
Kankeleit, E
McCoy, T
Mittlefehldt, DW
Renz, F
Schmidt, ME
Zubkov, B
Squyres, SW
Arvidson, RE
AF Morris, R. V.
Klingelhoefer, G.
Schroeder, C.
Rodionov, D. S.
Yen, A.
Ming, D. W.
de Souza, P. A., Jr.
Wdowiak, T.
Fleischer, I.
Gellert, R.
Bernhardt, B.
Bonnes, U.
Cohen, B. A.
Evlanov, E. N.
Foh, J.
Guetlich, P.
Kankeleit, E.
McCoy, T.
Mittlefehldt, D. W.
Renz, F.
Schmidt, M. E.
Zubkov, B.
Squyres, S. W.
Arvidson, R. E.
TI Mossbauer mineralogy of rock, soil, and dust at Meridiani Planum, Mars:
Opportunity's journey across sulfate-rich outcrop, basaltic sand and
dust, and hematite lag deposits
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
ID MINI-TES EXPERIMENT; X-RAY SPECTROMETER; EXPLORATION ROVERS; ATMOSPHERIC
DUST; 1ST SHERGOTTITE; SPIRIT ROVER; GUSEV CRATER; BOUNCE ROCK;
JAROSITE; SURFACE
AB The Mossbauer (MB) spectrometer on Opportunity measured the Fe oxidation state, identified Fe-bearing phases, and measured relative abundances of Fe among those phases at Meridiani Planum, Mars. Eight Fe-bearing phases were identified: jarosite (K,Na,H3O)(Fe,Al)(OH)(6)(SO4)(2), hematite, olivine, pyroxene, magnetite, nanophase ferric oxides (npOx), an unassigned ferric phase, and metallic Fe (kamacite). Burns Formation outcrop rocks consist of hematite-rich spherules dispersed throughout S-rich rock that has nearly constant proportions of Fe3+ from jarosite, hematite, and npOx (29%, 36%, and 20% of total Fe). The high oxidation state of the S-rich rock (Fe3+/Fe-T similar to 0.9) implies that S is present as the sulfate anion. Jarosite is mineralogical evidence for aqueous processes under acid-sulfate conditions because it has structural hydroxide and sulfate and it forms at low pH. Hematite-rich spherules, eroded from the outcrop, and their fragments are concentrated as hematite-rich soils (lag deposits) on ripple crests (up to 68% of total Fe from hematite). Olivine, pyroxene, and magnetite are primarily associated with basaltic soils and are present as thin and locally discontinuous cover over outcrop rocks, commonly forming aeolian bedforms. Basaltic soils are more reduced (Fe3+/Fe-T similar to 0.2-0.4), with the fine-grained and bright aeolian deposits being the most oxidized. Average proportions of total Fe from olivine, pyroxene, npOx, magnetite, and hematite are similar to 33%, 38%, 18%, 6%, and 4%, respectively. The MB parameters of outcrop npOx and basaltic-soil npOx are different, but it is not possible to infer mineralogical information beyond octahedrally coordinated Fe3+. Basaltic soils at Meridiani Planum and Gusev crater have similar Fe-mineralogical compositions.
C1 NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Anorgan & Analyt Chem, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
Space Res Inst IKI, Moscow 117997, Russia.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
CVRD Grp, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Tech Univ Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany.
Univ New Mexico, Inst Meteorit, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
RP Morris, RV (reprint author), NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Mail Code KR, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
EM richard.v.morris@nasa.gov
RI de Souza, Paulo/B-8961-2008; Schroder, Christian/B-3870-2009
OI de Souza, Paulo/0000-0002-0091-8925; Schroder,
Christian/0000-0002-7935-6039
NR 75
TC 105
Z9 105
U1 2
U2 41
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9097
EI 2169-9100
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD DEC 30
PY 2006
VL 111
IS E12
AR E12S15
DI 10.1029/2006JE002791
PG 27
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 124DE
UT WOS:000243346700004
ER
PT J
AU Doebley, JF
Gaut, BS
Smith, BD
AF Doebley, John F.
Gaut, Brandon S.
Smith, Bruce D.
TI The molecular genetics of crop domestication
SO CELL
LA English
DT Review
ID TOMATO FRUIT SIZE; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; ARTIFICIAL SELECTION;
QUANTITATIVE TRAIT; MAIZE DOMESTICATION; POPULATION-GENETICS; RICE
DOMESTICATION; BRASSICA-OLERACEA; SORGHUM-BICOLOR; GENOMIC REGION
AB Ten thousand years ago human societies around the globe began to transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture. By 4000 years ago, ancient peoples had completed the domestication of all major crop species upon which human survival is dependent, including rice, wheat, and maize. Recent research has begun to reveal the genes responsible for this agricultural revolution. The list of genes to date tentatively suggests that diverse plant developmental pathways were the targets of Neolithic "genetic tinkering," and we are now closer to understanding how plant development was redirected to meet the needs of a hungry world.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Genet, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Irvine, CA USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Archaeobiol Program, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Doebley, JF (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Genet, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM jdoebley@wisc.edu
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM58816]
NR 71
TC 566
Z9 601
U1 38
U2 271
PU CELL PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 1100 MASSACHUSETTS AVE, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA
SN 0092-8674
J9 CELL
JI Cell
PD DEC 29
PY 2006
VL 127
IS 7
BP 1309
EP 1321
DI 10.1016/j.cell.2006.12.006
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA 128WI
UT WOS:000243690000012
PM 17190597
ER
PT J
AU Miura, O
Torchin, ME
Kuris, AM
Hechinger, RF
Chiba, S
AF Miura, Osamu
Torchin, Mark E.
Kuris, Armand M.
Hechinger, Ryan F.
Chiba, Satoshi
TI Introduced cryptic species of parasites exhibit different invasion
pathways
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Batillaria attramentaria; trematode parasites
ID BATILLARIA-CUMINGI; POPULATIONS; DIVERSITY; PATHOGENS; GASTROPOD;
SEQUENCES; PLANTS
AB Sometimes infectious agents invade and become established in new geographic regions. Others may be introduced yet never become established because of the absence of suitable hosts in the new region. This phenomenon may be particularly true for the many parasites with complex life cycles, where various life stages require different host species. Homogenization of the world's biota through human-mediated invasions may reunite hosts and parasites, resulting in disease outbreaks in novel regions. Here we use molecular genetics to differentiate invasion pathways for two digenean trematode parasites and their exotic host, the Asian mud snail, Batillaria attramentaria. All of the snail haplotypes found in introduced populations in North America were identical to haplotypes common in the areas of Japan that provided oysters for cultivation in North America, supporting the hypothesis that the snails were introduced from Japan with seed oysters. Two cryptic trematode species were introduced to North American populations in high frequencies. We found a marked reduction of genetic variation in one of these species, suggesting it experienced a bottleneck or founder event comparable to that of the host snail. In contrast, no genetic variation was lost in the other parasite species. We hypothesize that this parasite was and is dispersed naturally by migratory shorebirds and was able to establish only after the host snail, B. attramentaria, was introduced to North America. Evaluation of the nature of invasion pathways and postinvasion consequences will aid mitigation of spreading diseases of humans, livestock, and wildlife in an increasingly globalized world.
C1 Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Life Sci, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama.
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Miura, O (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Life Sci, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
EM 3-ura@biology.tohoku.ac.jp
RI Hechinger, Ryan/F-6754-2010
NR 45
TC 63
Z9 67
U1 1
U2 32
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD DEC 26
PY 2006
VL 103
IS 52
BP 19818
EP 19823
DI 10.1073/pnas.0609603103
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 123GX
UT WOS:000243285500039
PM 17179044
ER
PT J
AU Woodman, N
Timm, RM
AF Woodman, Neal
Timm, Robert M.
TI Characters and phylogenetic relationships of nectar-feeding bats, with
descriptions of new Lonchophylla from western South America (Mammalia :
Chiroptera : Phyllostomidae : Lonchophyllini)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
ID PERU
AB The Neotropical Lonchophyllini (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) currently comprise four genera and thirteen species of nectar-feeding bats. These species often are separated into larger-bodied (eight species) and smaller-bodied (five species) forms to aid in identification. Our morphological and morphometrical analyses of the smaller Lonchophyllini revealed the existence of two distinctive, previously undescribed species of bats of the genus Lonchophylla from western South America. We describe a new form from Amazonian Peru as Lonchophylla pattoni and one from western Colombia as Lonchophylla cadenai. Phyllogenetic analysis of the Lonchophyllini based primarily on morphological characters indicates that these two new species are closely related to Lonchophylla thomasi.
C1 Museum Natl Hist Nat, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, MRC, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Univ Kansas, Museum Nat Hist, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
RP Woodman, N (reprint author), Museum Natl Hist Nat, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, MRC, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM btimm@ku.edu
NR 52
TC 9
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 10
PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0006-324X
J9 P BIOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.
PD DEC 22
PY 2006
VL 119
IS 4
BP 437
EP 476
DI 10.2988/0006-324X(2006)119[437:CAPRON]2.0.CO;2
PG 40
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 122GD
UT WOS:000243212800001
ER
PT J
AU Carleton, MD
Byrne, ES
AF Carleton, Michael D.
Byrne, Ellen Schaefer
TI The status of Otomys orestes dollmani Heller, 1912 (Muridae :
Otomyinae), a rodent described from the Mathews Range, central Kenya
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
ID EASTERN AFRICA; EVOLUTION; PATTERNS; MAMMALIA
AB Morphological and morphometric comparisons of Otomys orestes dollmani, known only from Mount Gargues in the Mathews Range, central Kenya, indicate that the taxon is a valid species distinct from other African forms under which it has been previously synonymized (O. irroratus, O. orestes, O. tropiculis). Based also on these comparisons, the morphological recognition and distribution of O. orestes (including thomasi Osgood) are further clarified in relation to O. tropicalis (including elgonis Wroughton) in Kenyan mountains and O. typus proper in Ethiopian highlands; another taxon relegated to junior synonymy within O. typus, O. uzungwensis Lawrence and Loveridge from south-central Tanzania, is resurrected to species. Certain traditional characters used in Otomys taxonomy, in particular molar lamination, demonstrate conservative patterns of variation that complement spatial structure derived from morphometric analyses of craniometric data and that vindicate their continued utility in delimiting species. We argue that uncritical emphasis of polytypic species, applied following the biological species concept during the latter 1900s, has led to chronic underestimation of species diversity of Otomys confined to the Afromontane Biotic Region in eastern Africa, in particular those populations that inhabit afroalpine environments.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Carleton, MD (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM carleton@si.edu
NR 80
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0006-324X
J9 P BIOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.
PD DEC 22
PY 2006
VL 119
IS 4
BP 477
EP 515
DI 10.2988/0006-324X(2006)119[477:TSOOOD]2.0.CO;2
PG 39
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 122GD
UT WOS:000243212800002
ER
PT J
AU Graves, GR
AF Graves, Gary R.
TI Diagnoses of hybrid hummingbirds (Aves : Trochilidae). 14. New
perspectives on Sefton's specimen (Calypte costae X Selasphorus
platycercus) from the Rincon Mountains, southeastern Arizona
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERGENERIC HYBRID; HELIANGELUS
AB The unique hummingbird specimen collected by J. W. Sefton, Jr., in 1932 in the Rincon Mountains, southeastern Arizona, is confirmed to be a hybrid, Calypte costae X Selasphorus platycercus. The hybrid exhibits a blended mosaic of plumage characters of the parental species. Other parental hypotheses were ruled out on the basis of plumage color and on measurements of the outermost rectrix (R5).
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, MRC, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Graves, GR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, MRC, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM gravesg@si.edu
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0006-324X
J9 P BIOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.
PD DEC 22
PY 2006
VL 119
IS 4
BP 516
EP 521
DI 10.2988/0006-324X(2006)119[516:DOHHAT]2.0.CO;2
PG 6
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 122GD
UT WOS:000243212800003
ER
PT J
AU Isler, ML
Lacerda, DR
Isler, PR
Hackett, SJ
Rosenberg, KV
Brumfield, RT
AF Isler, Morton L.
Lacerda, Daniela Rodrigues
Isler, Phyllis R.
Hackett, Shannon J.
Rosenberg, Kenneth V.
Brumfield, Robb T.
TI Epinecrophylla, a new genus of antwrens (Aves : Passeriformes :
Thamnophilidae)
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
ID CHECKER-THROATED ANTWREN; ANTBIRDS PASSERIFORMES; NEST ARCHITECTURE;
SPECIES LIMITS
AB We offer a new generic name for the stipple-throated assemblage of antwrens (Thamnophilidae) currently placed in the genus Myrmotherula. Molecular studies demonstrated that Myrmotherula is polyphyletic, with the stippled-throated group forming a clade that is not sister to any other currently recognized Myrmotherula species. The stipple-throated assemblage is distinguished morphologically by at least one sex having a black throat stippled white or buffy white combined with a comparatively long, unmarked tail, although three populations considered subspecies have lost one of these characters. The distinct evolution of this assemblage is supported by diagnostic behavioral characters derived from foraging behaviors, vocal repertoires, and nest architecture.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Biol Geral, BR-31270010 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Field Museum Nat Hist, Dept Zool, Chicago, IL 60605 USA.
Cornell Univ, Ornithol Lab, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Isler, ML (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM islermor@si.edu; danielalac@yahoo.com.br; shackett@fieldmuseum.org;
kvr2@cornell.edu; brumfld@lsu.edu
OI Brumfield, Robb/0000-0003-2307-0688
NR 26
TC 17
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 9
PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0006-324X
J9 P BIOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.
PD DEC 22
PY 2006
VL 119
IS 4
BP 522
EP 527
DI 10.2988/0006-324X(2006)119[522:EANGOA]2.0.CO;2
PG 6
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 122GD
UT WOS:000243212800004
ER
PT J
AU Robinson, H
Skvarla, JJ
AF Robinson, Harold
Skvarla, John J.
TI Studies on the Gymnantheminae (Vernonieae : Asteraceae): restoration of
the genus Monosis
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
LA English
DT Article
ID POLLEN
AB The South Asian genus Monosis D.C. is resurrected from synonymy of Vernonia and Gymnanthemum. It is distinguished by a unique lophate pollen type and leaves with thick petioles, cuneate leaf bases, and spreading secondary veins. Taxa included are the type species, M. wightiana D.C. and six other species newly transferred here: M. aplinii, M. parishii, M. shevaroyensis, M. talaumifolia, M. travancorica, and M. volkameriifolia.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Biol Survey, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
RP Robinson, H (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, NHB 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
NR 18
TC 14
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 0
PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON
PI WASHINGTON
PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 0006-324X
J9 P BIOL SOC WASH
JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.
PD DEC 22
PY 2006
VL 119
IS 4
BP 600
EP 607
DI 10.2988/0006-324X(2006)119[600:SOTGVA]2.0.CO;2
PG 8
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 122GD
UT WOS:000243212800013
ER
PT J
AU McQuinn, M
Zahn, O
Zaldarriaga, M
Hernquist, L
Furlanetto, SR
AF McQuinn, Matthew
Zahn, Oliver
Zaldarriaga, Matias
Hernquist, Lars
Furlanetto, Steven R.
TI Cosmological parameter estimation using 21 cm radiation from the epoch
of reionization
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmology : theory; intergalactic medium; radio lines : general
ID HIGH-REDSHIFT; CENTIMETER FLUCTUATIONS; COSMIC REIONIZATION; POWER
SPECTRA; INTERGALACTIC MEDIUM; STELLAR SOURCES; SCALE STRUCTURE;
DARK-MATTER; FOREGROUNDS; IONIZATION
AB A number of radio interferometers are currently being planned or constructed to observe 21 cm emission from reionization. Not only will such measurements provide a detailed view of that epoch, but, since the 21 cm emission also traces the distribution of matter in the universe, this signal can be used to constrain cosmological parameters. The sensitivity of an interferometer to the cosmological information in the signal may depend on how precisely the angular dependence of the 21 cm three-dimensional power spectrum can be measured. Using an analytic model for reionization, we quantify all the effects that break the spherical symmetry of the three- dimensional 21 cm power spectrum. We find that upcoming observatories will be sensitive to the 21 cm signal over a wide range of scales, from larger than 100 to as small as 1 comoving Mpc. Next, we consider three methods to measure cosmological parameters from the signal: (1) direct fitting of the density power spectrum to the signal, (2) using only the velocity field fluctuations in the signal, and (3) looking at the signal at large enough scales that all fluctuations trace the density field. With the foremost method, the first generation of 21 cm observations should moderately improve existing constraints on cosmological parameters for certain low- redshift reionization scenarios, and a 2 yr observation with the second- generation interferometer MWA5000 in combination with the CMB telescope Planck could improve constraints on Omega(w), Omega(m)h(2), Omega(b)h(2), Omega(nu), n(s), and alpha(s). If the universe is substantially ionized by z similar to 12 or if spin temperature fluctuations are important, we show that it will be difficult to place competitive constraints on cosmological parameters with any of the considered methods.
C1 Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Harvard Univ, Jefferson Lab Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP McQuinn, M (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM mmcquinn@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 58
TC 250
Z9 250
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 2
BP 815
EP 834
DI 10.1086/505167
PN 1
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118PW
UT WOS:000242955200001
ER
PT J
AU Masters, KL
Springob, CM
Haynes, MP
Giovanelli, R
AF Masters, Karen L.
Springob, Christopher M.
Haynes, Martha P.
Giovanelli, Riccardo
TI SFI++ I: A new I-band Tully-Fisher template, the cluster peculiar
velocity dispersion, and H-0
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmological parameters; distance scale; galaxies : clusters : general;
galaxies : distances and redshifts; galaxies : fundamental parameters
ID EXTRAGALACTIC DISTANCE SCALE; TELESCOPE KEY PROJECT; SPIRAL GALAXIES;
CEPHEID DISTANCE; HUBBLE CONSTANT; SC GALAXIES; INTERNAL EXTINCTION;
SURFACE PHOTOMETRY; ROTATION CURVES; WIDTH RELATION
AB The SFI++ consists of similar to 5000 spiral galaxies that have measurements suitable for the application of the I-band Tully-Fisher (TF) relation. This sample builds on the SCI and SFI samples published in the 1990s but includes significant amounts of new data, as well as improved methods for parameter determination. We derive a new I-band TF relation from a subset of this sample, which consists of 807 galaxies in the fields of 31 nearby clusters and groups. This sample constitutes the largest ever available for the calibration of the TF template and extends the range of line widths over which the template is reliably measured. Careful accounting is made of observational and sample biases such as incompleteness, finite cluster size, galaxymorphology, and environment. We find evidence for a type-dependent TF slope that is shallower for early-type than for late-type spirals. The line-of-sight cluster peculiar velocity dispersion is measured for the sample of 31 clusters. This value is directly related to the spectrum of initial density fluctuations and thus provides an independent verification of the best-fit WMAP cosmology and an estimate of Omega(0.6)sigma(8) = 0.52 +/- 0.06. We also provide an independent measure of the TF zero point using 17 galaxies in the SFI++ sample for which Cepheid distances are available. In combination with the "basket-of-clusters'' template relation these calibrator galaxies provide a measure of H-0 = 74 +/- 2 (random) +/- 6 (systematic) km s(-1) Mpc(-1).
C1 Cornell Univ, Ctr Radiophys & Space Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
USN, Res Lab, Remote Sensing Div, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
RP Masters, KL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Ctr Radiophys & Space Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM kmasters@cfa.harvard.edu; Christopher.Springob@nrl.navy.mil;
haynes@astro.cornell.edu; riccardo@astro.cornell.edu
OI Masters, Karen/0000-0003-0846-9578
NR 50
TC 101
Z9 102
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 2
BP 861
EP 880
DI 10.1086/508924
PN 1
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118PW
UT WOS:000242955200004
ER
PT J
AU Zahn, O
Zaldarriaga, M
AF Zahn, Oliver
Zaldarriaga, Matias
TI Lensing reconstruction using redshifted 21 centimeter fluctuations
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmology : theory; diffuse radiation; large-scale structure of universe
ID MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES; COSMIC REIONIZATION; NEUTRAL
HYDROGEN; POWER SPECTRA; DARK-MATTER; EPOCH; POLARIZATION; TOMOGRAPHY;
RADIATION; TELESCOPE
AB We investigate the potential of second generation measurements of redshifted 21 cm radiation from before and during the epoch of reionization (EOR) to reconstruct the matter density fluctuations along the line of sight. To do so we generalize the quadratic methods developed for the cosmic microwave background (CMB) to 21 cm fluctuations. We show that the three- dimensional signal can be decomposed into a finite number of line- of- sight Fourier modes that contribute to the lensing reconstruction. Our formalism properly takes into account correlations along the line of sight and uses all the information contained in quadratic combinations of the signal. In comparison with the CMB, 21 cm fluctuations have the disadvantage of a relatively scale invariant unlensed power spectrum, which suppresses the lensing effect. The smallness of the lensing effect is compensated by using information from a range of observed redshifts. We estimate the size of experiments that are needed to measure this effect. With a square kilometer of collecting area and a maximal baseline of 3 km, one can achieve lensing reconstruction noise levels an order of magnitude below CMB quadratic estimator constraints at L = 1000, and map the deflection field out to less then a tenth of a degree (L > 2000) within a season of observations on one field. Statistical lensing power spectrum detections will be possible to subarcminute scales, even with the limited sky coverage that currently conceived experiments have. One should be able to improve constraints on cosmological parameters by using this method. With larger collecting areas or longer observing times, one could probe arcminute scales of the lensing potential and thus individual clusters. We address the effect that foregrounds might have on lensing reconstruction with 21 cm fluctuations.
C1 Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Harvard Univ, Jefferson Phys Lab, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Zahn, O (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM ozahn@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 47
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 2
BP 922
EP 935
DI 10.1086/508916
PN 1
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118PW
UT WOS:000242955200008
ER
PT J
AU Reddy, NA
Steidel, CC
Erb, DK
Shapley, AE
Pettini, M
AF Reddy, Naveen A.
Steidel, Charles C.
Erb, Dawn K.
Shapley, Alice E.
Pettini, Max
TI A spectroscopic survey of redshift 1.4 less than or similar to z less
than or similar to 3.0 galaxies in the goods-north field: Survey
description, catalogs, and properties
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmology : observations; galaxies : active; galaxies : evolution;
galaxies : high-redshift; galaxies : starburst; galaxies : stellar
content
ID HUBBLE-DEEP-FIELD; LYMAN-BREAK GALAXIES; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; SPECTRAL
ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; STELLAR MASS DENSITY; X-RAY; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION;
RED GALAXIES; INFRARED PROPERTIES; RADIO-EMISSION
AB We present the results of a spectroscopic survey with LRIS-B on Keck of more than 280 star-forming galaxies and AGNs at redshifts 1.4 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 3.0 in the GOODS-N field. Candidates are selected by their U(n)GR colors using the "BM/BX'' criteria to target redshift 1.4 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 2.5 galaxies and the LBG criteria to target redshift z similar to 3 galaxies; combined these samples account for similar to 25%-30% of the R and K(S) band counts to R = 25.5 and K(S)(AB) 24: 4, respectively. The 212 BM/BX galaxies and 74 LBGs constitute the largest spectroscopic sample of galaxies at z > 1.4 in GOODS-N. Extensive multiwavelength data allow us to investigate the stellar populations, stellar masses, bolometric luminosities (L(bol)), and extinction of z similar to 2 galaxies. Deep Chandra and Spitzer data indicate that the sample includes galaxies with a wide range in L(bol) (similar or equal to 10(10) to > 10(12) L circle dot) and 4 orders of magnitude in dust obscuration (L(bol)/L(UV)). The sample includes galaxies with a large dynamic range in evolutionary state, from very young galaxies (ages similar or equal to 50 Myr) with small stellar masses (M* similar or equal to 10(9) M circle dot) to evolved galaxies with stellar masses comparable to the most massive galaxies at these redshifts (M* > 10(11) M circle dot). Spitzer data indicate that the optical sample includes some fraction of the obscured AGN population at high redshifts: at least 3 of 11 AGNs in the z > 1.4 sample are undetected in the deep X-ray data but exhibit power-law SEDs longward of similar to 2 mu m (rest frame) indicative of obscured AGNs. The results of our survey indicate that rest-frame UV selection and spectroscopy presently constitute the most timewise efficient method of culling large samples of high-redshift galaxies with a wide range in intrinsic properties, and the data presented here will add significantly to the multiwavelength legacy of GOODS.
C1 CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
RP Reddy, NA (reprint author), CALTECH, MS 105-24, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NR 81
TC 159
Z9 159
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 2
BP 1004
EP 1026
DI 10.1086/508851
PN 1
PG 23
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118PW
UT WOS:000242955200016
ER
PT J
AU Evans, DA
Lee, JC
Kamenetska, M
Gallagher, SC
Kraft, RP
Hardcastle, MJ
Weaver, KA
AF Evans, Daniel A.
Lee, Julia C.
Kamenetska, Maria
Gallagher, Sarah C.
Kraft, Ralph P.
Hardcastle, Martin J.
Weaver, Kimberly A.
TI The Chandra, Hubble Space Telescope, and VLA view of the circumnuclear
extended emission in the narrow emission line galaxy NGC 2110
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : active; galaxies : individual (NGC 2110); galaxies : jets;
galaxies : Seyfert
ID X-RAY-EMISSION; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; XMM-NEWTON;
IONIZED-GAS; NGC 2110; NGC-1068; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRUM; IONIZATION
AB present results from new Chandra, archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST), and VLA imaging observations of the circumnuclear extended emission in the nearby Type 2 Seyfert galaxy NGC 2110. We find resolved soft-band X-ray emission similar to 400" (similar to 160 pc) north of the nucleus, which is spatially coincident with [O III] emission, but lies just beyond the northern edge of the radio jet in the source. We find that shock heating of multiphase gas clouds can successfully account for this extended emission, although we cannot rule out alternative models, such as the scattering of nuclear radiation by ionized material, or pure photoionization from the nucleus. In addition, we detect kiloparsec-scale (similar to 30") extended soft-band X-ray emission south of the nucleus. Finally, we compare our results for NGC 2110 with the prototypical type 2 Seyfert galaxy NGC 1068, and suggest that different physical processes could produce extended circumnuclear X-ray emission in Seyfert galaxies.
C1 Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Astron & Astrophys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Hertfordshire, Sch Phys Astron & Math, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England.
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Evans, DA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Hardcastle, Martin/E-2264-2012; Lee, Julia/G-2381-2015
OI Hardcastle, Martin/0000-0003-4223-1117; Lee, Julia/0000-0002-7336-3588
NR 33
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 5
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 2
BP 1121
EP 1128
DI 10.1086/508680
PN 1
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118PW
UT WOS:000242955200023
ER
PT J
AU Sahai, R
Young, K
Patel, NA
Contreras, CS
Morris, M
AF Sahai, R.
Young, K.
Patel, N. A.
Sanchez Contreras, C.
Morris, M.
TI A massive bipolar outflow and a dusty torus with large grains in the
preplanetary nebula IRAS 22036+5306
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE circumstellar matter; planetary nebulae : individual (IRAS 22036+5306)
reflection nebulae; stars : AGB and post-AGB; stars : mass loss; stars :
winds, outflows
ID PLANETARY-NEBULAE; PROTOPLANETARY NEBULAE; GIANT BRANCH; MOLECULAR
ENVELOPE; RED RECTANGLE; FROSTY-LEO; AGB STARS; JET; EMISSION; STELLAR
AB We report high angular resolution (similar to 1") CO = 3-2 interferometric mapping using the Submillimeter Array (SMA) of IRAS 22036+5306 (I22036), a bipolar preplanetary nebula (PPN) with knotty jets discovered in our HST snapshot survey of young PPNs. In addition, we have obtained supporting lower resolution (similar to 10") CO and (CO)-C-13 J = 1-0 observations with the Owens Valley Radio Observatory (OVRO) interferometer, as well as optical long-slit echelle spectra at the Palomar Observatory. The CO J 3-2 observations show the presence of a very fast (similar to 220 km s(-1)), highly collimated, massive (0.03 M-circle dot) bipolar outflow with a very large scalar momentum (about 1039 g cm s(-1)), and the characteristic spatiokinematic structure of bow shocks at the tips of this outflow. The H alpha line shows an absorption feature blueshifted from the systemic velocity by similar to 100 km s(-1), which most likely arises in neutral interface material between the fast outflow and the dense walls of the bipolar lobes at low latitudes. The fast outflow in I22036, as in most PPNs, cannot be driven by radiation pressure. We find an unresolved source of submillimeter (and millimeterwave) continuum emission in I22036, implying a very substantial mass (0.02-0.04M(circle dot)) of large (radius greater than or similar to 1 mm), cold (less than or similar to 50 K) dust grains associated with I22036' s toroidal waist. We also find that the C-13/C-12 ratio in I22036 is very high (0.16), close to the maximum value achieved in equilibrium CNO nucleosynthesis (0.33). The combination of the high circumstellar mass (i.e.,in the extended dust shell and the torus) and the high C-13/12C ratio in I22036 provides strong support for this object having evolved from a massive (greater than or similar to 4 M-circle dot) progenitor in which hot- bottom- burning has occurred.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astrophys, Div Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Sahai, R (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Estructura Mat, Dept Astrofis Mol & Infrarroja, Serrano 121, Madrid 28006, Spain.
RI Sanchez-Contreras, Carmen/N-3718-2015
OI Sanchez-Contreras, Carmen/0000-0002-6341-592X
NR 45
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 2
BP 1241
EP 1252
DI 10.1086/508507
PN 1
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118PW
UT WOS:000242955200032
ER
PT J
AU Boutloukos, S
van der Klis, M
Altamirano, D
Klein-Wolt, M
Wijnands, R
Jonker, PG
Fender, RP
AF Boutloukos, S.
van der Klis, M.
Altamirano, D.
Klein-Wolt, M.
Wijnands, R.
Jonker, P. G.
Fender, R. P.
TI Discovery of twin kHz QPOs in the peculiar X-ray binary Circinus X-1
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE X-rays : binaries; X-rays : individual (Circinus X-1)
ID QUASI-PERIODIC OSCILLATIONS; NEUTRON-STAR; CIR X-1; TIMING-EXPLORER;
BRIGHTNESS OSCILLATIONS; 4U 1608-52; FREQUENCY; BEHAVIOR; MODEL;
SPECTRUM
AB We report the discovery with the RXTE PCA of twin kHz QPOs in the peculiar X-ray binary Circinus X-1. Eleven cases of simultaneous double QPOs occurred, with significances of up to 6.3 and 5.5 sigma and centroid frequencies ranging between approximately 56 and 225 and 230 and 500 Hz for the two QPO peaks, respectively, i.e., for the most part at frequencies well below those of other sources. The QPO properties clearly indicate that these double peaks are the kHz QPOs known from low magnetic field neutron stars, and not black hole high-frequency QPOs, confirming that Cir X-1 is a neutron star, as suspected since the detection of type I X-ray bursts from the field of the source 20 years ago. The kHz QPO peak separation varies over a wide range, similar to 175-340 Hz, and increases as a function of kHz QPO frequency. This is contrary to what has been observed in other sources but in good agreement with predictions of the relativistic precession model and Alfven wave models; beat-frequency models require modification to accommodate this. In other observations, single kHz QPOs can be seen down to frequencies as low as similar to 12Hz, as well as a strong low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillation (LF QPO) between 1 and 30 Hz. The relations between the kHz QPOs and the LF QPO are in good agreement with those found previously in Z sources, confirming that Cir X-1 may be a peculiar Z source. We suggest that the low-frequency range over which the kHz QPOs occur in Cir X-1 and to a lesser extent in (other) Z sources, might be due to a stronger radial accretion flow relative to the disk flow than in other kHz QPO sources, possibly related to the nature of the companion star.
C1 Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Ctr High Energy Astrophys, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Univ Tubingen, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany.
Netherlands Inst Space Res, SRON, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Utrecht, Inst Astron, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands.
Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
RP Boutloukos, S (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, Kruislaan 403, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
EM stratos@science.uva.nl
NR 55
TC 66
Z9 67
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 2
BP 1435
EP 1444
DI 10.1086/508934
PN 1
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118PW
UT WOS:000242955200050
ER
PT J
AU Morales-Calderon, M
Stauffer, JR
Kirkpatrick, JD
Carey, S
Gelino, CR
Navascues, DBY
Rebull, L
Lowrance, P
Marley, MS
Charbonneau, D
Patten, BM
Megeath, ST
Buzasi, D
AF Morales-Calderon, M.
Stauffer, J. R.
Kirkpatrick, J. Davy
Carey, S.
Gelino, C. R.
Navascues, D. Barrado y
Rebull, L.
Lowrance, P.
Marley, M. S.
Charbonneau, D.
Patten, B. M.
Megeath, S. T.
Buzasi, D.
TI A sensitive search for variability in late L dwarfs: The quest for
weather
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE stars : individual (DENIS-P J0255-4700, 2MASS J0908+5032; 2MASS
J2244+2043); stars : low-mass, brown dwarfs; stars : variables : other
ID TIME-SERIES OBSERVATIONS; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; INFRARED ARRAY
CAMERA; ULTRACOOL DWARFS; BROWN DWARFS; T-DWARFS; PHOTOMETRIC
VARIABILITY; BAND VARIABILITY; COOL DWARFS; TRANSITION
AB We have conducted a photometric monitoring program of three field late L brown dwarfs (DENIS-P J0255-4700, 2MASS J0908+5032, and 2MASS J2244+2043) looking for evidence of nonaxisymmetric structure or temporal variability in their photospheres. The observations were performed using Spitzer IRAC 4.5 and 8 mu m bandpasses and were designed to cover at least one rotational period of each object; 1 sigma rms uncertainties of less than 3 mmag at 4.5 mu m and around 9 mmag at 8 mu m were achieved. Two out of the three objects studied exhibit some modulation in their light curves at 4.5 mu m-but not 8 mu m-with periods of 7.4 hr (DENIS 0255) and 4.6 hr (2MA 2244) and peak-to-peak amplitudes of 10 and 8 mmag. Although the lack of detectable 8 mu m variation suggests an instrumental origin for the detected variations, the data may nevertheless still be consistent with intrinsic variability, since the shorter wavelength IRAC bandpasses probe more deeply into late L dwarf atmospheres than the longer wavelengths. A cloud feature occupying a small percentage (1%-2%) of the visible hemisphere could account for the observed amplitude of variation. If, instead, the variability is indeed instrumental in origin, then our nonvariable L dwarfs could be either completely covered with clouds or objects whose clouds are smaller and uniformly distributed. Such scenarios would lead to very small photometric variations. Follow-up IRAC photometry at 3.6 and 5.8 mu m bandpasses should distinguish between the two cases. In any event, the present observations provide the most sensitive search to date for structure in the photospheres of late L dwarfs at mid-IR wavelengths, and our photometry provides stringent upper limits to the extent to which the photospheres of these transition L dwarfs are structured.
C1 INTA, LAEFF, E-28080 Madrid, Spain.
CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
CALTECH, Ctr Infrared Proc & Anal, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
USAF Acad, Colorado Springs, CO 80840 USA.
RP Morales-Calderon, M (reprint author), INTA, LAEFF, POB 50727, E-28080 Madrid, Spain.
EM mariamc@laeff.inta.es
RI Marley, Mark/I-4704-2013; Barrado Navascues, David/C-1439-2017;
Morales-Calderon, Maria/C-8384-2017;
OI Barrado Navascues, David/0000-0002-5971-9242; Morales-Calderon,
Maria/0000-0001-9526-9499; Rebull, Luisa/0000-0001-6381-515X
NR 36
TC 63
Z9 63
U1 1
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 2
BP 1454
EP 1463
PN 1
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118PW
UT WOS:000242955200052
ER
PT J
AU Beaulieu, JP
Buchler, JR
Marquette, JB
Hartman, JD
Schwarzenberg-Czerny, A
AF Beaulieu, J. -P.
Buchler, J. Robert
Marquette, J. -B.
Hartman, J. D.
Schwarzenberg-Czerny, A.
TI Detection of beat Cepheids in M33 and their use as a probe of the M33
metallicity distribution
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Cepheids; galaxies : abundances; galaxies : evolution; galaxies :
individual (M33); stars : oscillations (including pulsations)
ID DOUBLE-MODE CEPHEIDS; SMALL-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; GRAVITATIONAL LENSING
EXPERIMENT; PERIOD RATIOS; PLANETARY-NEBULAE; OPAL OPACITIES; STARS;
ABUNDANCES; PULSATION; GRADIENT
AB Our analysis of the deep CFHT M33 variability survey database has uncovered five beat Cepheids that are pulsating in the fundamental and first-overtone modes. With only the help of stellar pulsation theory and of massluminosity relations, derived from evolutionary tracks, we can accurately determine the metallicities Z of these stars. The [O/H] metallicity gradient of -0.16 dex kpc(-1) that is inferred from the M33 galactocentric distances of these Cepheids and from their "pulsation" metallicities is in excellent agreement with the standard spectroscopic metallicity gradients that are determined from H ii regions, early-B supergiant stars, and planetary nebulae. Beat Cepheids can thus provide an additional, independent probe of galactic metallicity distributions.
C1 Inst Astrophys, F-75014 Paris, France.
Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Warsaw, Poland.
RP Beaulieu, JP (reprint author), Inst Astrophys, F-75014 Paris, France.
OI Hartman, Joel/0000-0001-8732-6166
NR 33
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 20
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 2
BP L101
EP L104
DI 10.1086/510453
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118PZ
UT WOS:000242955500007
ER
PT J
AU Rey, AM
Calzetta, EA
Hu, BL
AF Rey, Ana M.
Calzetta, Esteban A.
Hu, Bei-Lok
TI Bose-Einstein condensate superfluid - Mott insulator transition in an
optical lattice
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 13th International Conference on Recent Progress in Many-Body Theories
CY DEC 05-09, 2005
CL Univ Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, ARGENTINA
HO Univ Buenos Aires
DE Bose-Einstein condensates; phase transitions; Mott transition
AB We present in this paper an analytical model for a cold bosonic gas on an optical lattice (with densities of the order of 1 particle per site) targeting the critical regime of the Bose - Einstein Condensate superfluid - Mott insulator transition.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom Mol & Opt Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Fis, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Rey, AM (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom Mol & Opt Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM arey@cfa.harvard.edu; calzetta@df.uba.ar; hub@physics.umd.edu
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
PI SINGAPORE
PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE
SN 0217-9792
J9 INT J MOD PHYS B
JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B
PD DEC 20
PY 2006
VL 20
IS 30-31
SI SI
BP 5214
EP 5217
DI 10.1142/S0217979206036284
PG 4
WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 122OU
UT WOS:000243237100030
ER
PT J
AU Kilpatrick, AM
Chmura, AA
Gibbons, DW
Fleischer, RC
Marra, PP
Daszak, P
AF Kilpatrick, A. Marm
Chmura, Aleksei A.
Gibbons, David W.
Fleischer, Robert C.
Marra, Peter P.
Daszak, Peter
TI Predicting the global spread of H5N1 avian influenza
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE emerging; introduced species; model; trade; zoonotic disease
ID WILD BIRDS; MIGRATORY BIRDS; VIRUS; DUCKS; WATERFOWL; OUTBREAKS; ASIA
AB The spread of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza into Asia, Europe, and Africa has resulted in enormous impacts on the poultry industry and presents an important threat to human health. The pathways by which the virus has and will spread between countries have been debated extensively, but have yet to be analyzed comprehensively and quantitatively. We integrated data on phylogenetic relationships of virus isolates, migratory bird movements, and trade in poultry and wild birds to determine the pathway for 52 individual introduction events into countries and predict future spread. We show that 9 of 21 of H5N1 introductions to countries in Asia were most likely through poultry, and 3 of 21 were most likely through migrating birds. In contrast, spread to most (20/23) countries in Europe was most likely through migratory birds. Spread in Africa was likely partly by poultry (2/8 introductions) and partly by migrating birds (3/8). Our analyses predict that H5N1 is more likely to be introduced into the Western Hemisphere through infected poultry and into the mainland United States by subsequent movement of migrating birds from neighboring countries, rather than from eastern Siberia. These results highlight the potential synergism between trade and wild animal movement in the emergence and pandemic spread of pathogens and demonstrate the value of predictive models for disease control.
C1 Consortium Conservat Med, New York, NY 10001 USA.
Royal Soc Protect Birds, Sandy SG19 2DL, Beds, England.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
RP Kilpatrick, AM (reprint author), Consortium Conservat Med, New York, NY 10001 USA.
EM kilpatrick@conservationmedicine.org
FU FIC NIH HHS [R01 TW005869, R01-TW05869]; NIAID NIH HHS [N01AI25490]
NR 28
TC 322
Z9 341
U1 5
U2 54
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD DEC 19
PY 2006
VL 103
IS 51
BP 19368
EP 19373
DI 10.1073/pnas.0609227103
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 121OJ
UT WOS:000243166600028
PM 17158217
ER
PT J
AU McGill, GE
Campbell, BA
AF McGill, George E.
Campbell, Bruce A.
TI Radar properties as clues to relative ages of ridge belts and plains on
Venus
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
ID HISTORY; VIEW
AB An ongoing issue regarding the crustal evolution of Venus is whether or not certain features and processes occurred in the same sequence and at the same time globally. This paper seeks to test one aspect of "directional'' models for the geologic history: the inference that all ridge belts are older than regional plains. This test involves traditional geologic analysis, but also involves the use of radar properties in a unique way. We use a simplified model for the ridge shape, and an estimate of the diffuse scattering behavior of the Venus surface, to determine the "true'' backscatter coefficient of the slope of the ridge tilted away from the radar, and ratio this value to the echoes from nearby plains units. In general, ridge-forming terrain in these belts appears to have greater inferred backscatter coefficients, and thus decimeter-scale roughness, than the regional plains. Plains units closely adjacent to many ridge belts have higher backscatter than plains at some distance, which we infer is generally due to aeolian deposition of debris characterized by centimeter-scale microdunes or ripples where the belt topography interferes with wind patterns. The rougher apparent surface texture within the belt-forming terrain is not consistent with the gentle folding that forms the ridges, and so is likely a result of weathering or tectonic processes operating prior to belt deformation. We thus conclude that the material incorporated in the ridge belts we have studied predates the surrounding regional plains.
C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Morrill Sci Ctr, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP McGill, GE (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Morrill Sci Ctr, 611 N Pleasant St, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM gmcgill@geo.umass.edu
NR 19
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD DEC 16
PY 2006
VL 111
IS E12
AR E12006
DI 10.1029/2006JE002705
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 118MB
UT WOS:000242945300001
ER
PT J
AU Squyres, SW
Arvidson, RE
Bollen, D
Bell, JF
Bruckner, J
Cabrol, NA
Calvin, WM
Carr, MH
Christensen, PR
Clark, BC
Crumpler, L
Des Marais, DJ
d'Uston, C
Economou, T
Farmer, J
Farrand, WH
Folkner, W
Gellert, R
Glotch, TD
Golombek, M
Gorevan, S
Grant, JA
Greeley, R
Grotzinger, J
Herkenhoff, KE
Hviid, S
Johnson, JR
Klingelhofer, G
Knoll, AH
Landis, G
Lemmon, M
Li, R
Madsen, MB
Malin, MC
McLennan, SM
McSween, HY
Ming, DW
Moersch, J
Morris, RV
Parker, T
Rice, JW
Richter, L
Rieder, R
Schroder, C
Sims, M
Smith, M
Smith, P
Soderblom, LA
Sullivan, R
Tosca, NJ
Wanke, H
Wdowiak, T
Wolff, M
Yen, A
AF Squyres, S. W.
Arvidson, R. E.
Bollen, D.
Bell, J. F., III
Brueckner, J.
Cabrol, N. A.
Calvin, W. M.
Carr, M. H.
Christensen, P. R.
Clark, B. C.
Crumpler, L.
Des Marais, D. J.
d'Uston, C.
Economou, T.
Farmer, J.
Farrand, W. H.
Folkner, W.
Gellert, R.
Glotch, T. D.
Golombek, M.
Gorevan, S.
Grant, J. A.
Greeley, R.
Grotzinger, J.
Herkenhoff, K. E.
Hviid, S.
Johnson, J. R.
Klingelhoefer, G.
Knoll, A. H.
Landis, G.
Lemmon, M.
Li, R.
Madsen, M. B.
Malin, M. C.
McLennan, S. M.
McSween, H. Y.
Ming, D. W.
Moersch, J.
Morris, R. V.
Parker, T.
Rice, J. W., Jr.
Richter, L.
Rieder, R.
Schroeder, C.
Sims, M.
Smith, M.
Smith, P.
Soderblom, L. A.
Sullivan, R.
Tosca, N. J.
Waenke, H.
Wdowiak, T.
Wolff, M.
Yen, A.
TI Overview of the Opportunity Mars Exploration Rover mission to Meridiani
Planum: Eagle crater to Purgatory ripple
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
ID HEMATITE MINERALIZATION; LANDING SITE; MINERALOGY; SPECTROMETER; ROCKS;
WATER; CHEMISTRY; JAROSITE; STREAKS; SOILS
AB The Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity touched down at Meridiani Planum in January 2004 and since then has been conducting observations with the Athena science payload. The rover has traversed more than 5 km, carrying out the first outcrop-scale investigation of sedimentary rocks on Mars. The rocks of Meridiani Planum are sandstones formed by eolian and aqueous reworking of sand grains that are composed of mixed fine-grained siliciclastics and sulfates. The siliciclastic fraction was produced by chemical alteration of a precursor basalt. The sulfates are dominantly Mg-sulfates and also include Ca-sulfates and jarosite. The stratigraphic section observed to date is dominated by eolian bedforms, with subaqueous current ripples exposed near the top of the section. After deposition, interaction with groundwater produced a range of diagenetic features, notably the hematite-rich concretions known as "blueberries." The bedrock at Meridiani is highly friable and has undergone substantial erosion by wind-transported basaltic sand. This sand, along with concretions and concretion fragments eroded from the rock, makes up a soil cover that thinly and discontinuously buries the bedrock. The soil surface exhibits both ancient and active wind ripples that record past and present wind directions. Loose rocks on the soil surface are rare and include both impact ejecta and meteorites. While Opportunity's results show that liquid water was once present at Meridiani Planum below and occasionally at the surface, the environmental conditions recorded were dominantly arid, acidic, and oxidizing and would have posed some significant challenges to the origin of life.
C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55020 Mainz, Germany.
NASA Ames SETI Inst, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
Univ Nevada, Dept Geol Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
Arizona State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
Lockheed Martin Corp, Littleton, CO 80127 USA.
New Mexico Museum Nat Hist & Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87104 USA.
NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France.
Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Honeybee Robot, New York, NY 10001 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, Katlenburg Lindau, Germany.
Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Anorgan & Analyt Chem, D-55099 Mainz, Germany.
Harvard Univ, Bot Museum, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA.
Texas A&M Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
Ohio State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Geodet Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Niels Bohr Inst, Orsted Lab, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Malin Space Sci Syst, San Diego, CA 92191 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
DLR Inst Space Simulat, D-51170 Cologne, Germany.
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
Space Sci Inst, Martinez, GA 30907 USA.
RP Squyres, SW (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, 428 Space Sci Bldg, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM squyres@astrosun.tn.cornell.edu
RI Glotch, Timothy/B-6829-2008; Lemmon, Mark/E-9983-2010; Schroder,
Christian/B-3870-2009; Moersch, Jeffrey/F-7189-2010; Smith,
Michael/C-8875-2012; Madsen, Morten/D-2082-2011; Johnson,
Jeffrey/F-3972-2015
OI Lemmon, Mark/0000-0002-4504-5136; Schroder,
Christian/0000-0002-7935-6039; Madsen, Morten/0000-0001-8909-5111;
NR 48
TC 79
Z9 82
U1 2
U2 29
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9097
EI 2169-9100
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD DEC 15
PY 2006
VL 111
IS E12
AR E12S12
DI 10.1029/2006JE002771
PG 19
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 118LY
UT WOS:000242945000001
ER
PT J
AU Yen, AS
Mittlefehldt, DW
McLennan, SM
Gellert, R
Bell, JF
McSween, HY
Ming, DW
McCoy, TJ
Morris, RV
Golombek, M
Economou, T
Madsen, MB
Wdowiak, T
Clark, BC
Jolliff, BL
Schroder, C
Bruckner, J
Zipfel, J
Squyres, SW
AF Yen, A. S.
Mittlefehldt, D. W.
McLennan, S. M.
Gellert, R.
Bell, J. F., III
McSween, H. Y., Jr.
Ming, D. W.
McCoy, T. J.
Morris, R. V.
Golombek, M.
Economou, T.
Madsen, M. B.
Wdowiak, T.
Clark, B. C.
Jolliff, B. L.
Schroeder, C.
Brueckner, J.
Zipfel, J.
Squyres, S. W.
TI Nickel on Mars: Constraints on meteoritic material at the surface
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
ID MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES EXPERIMENTS; MERIDIANI-PLANUM; MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE;
GUSEV CRATER; INTERPLANETARY DUST; CHEMISTRY; SOILS; ROCKS; MINERALOGY;
HEMATITE
AB Impact craters and the discovery of meteorites on Mars indicate clearly that there is meteoritic material at the Martian surface. The Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometers (APXS) on board the Mars Exploration Rovers measure the elemental chemistry of Martian samples, enabling an assessment of the magnitude of the meteoritic contribution. Nickel, an element that is greatly enhanced in meteoritic material relative to samples of the Martian crust, is directly detected by the APXS and is observed to be geochemically mobile at the Martian surface. Correlations between nickel and other measured elements are used to constrain the quantity of meteoritic material present in Martian soil and sedimentary rock samples. Results indicate that analyzed soils samples and certain sedimentary rocks contain an average of 1% to 3% contamination from meteoritic debris.
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Geosci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
Univ Guelph, Dept Phys, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Phys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
Lockheed Martin Corp, Littleton, CO 80127 USA.
Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, D-6500 Mainz, Germany.
Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55020 Mainz, Germany.
Forschungsinst & Nat Museum Senckenberg, Frankfurt, Germany.
RP Yen, AS (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Mail Code 183-501,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM albert.yen@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Schroder, Christian/B-3870-2009; Madsen, Morten/D-2082-2011
OI Schroder, Christian/0000-0002-7935-6039; Madsen,
Morten/0000-0001-8909-5111
NR 93
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 3
U2 20
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9097
EI 2169-9100
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD DEC 15
PY 2006
VL 111
IS E12
AR E12S11
DI 10.1029/2006JE002797
PG 25
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 118LY
UT WOS:000242945000002
ER
PT J
AU Brownlee, D
Tsou, P
Aleon, J
Alexander, CMO
Araki, T
Bajt, S
Baratta, GA
Bastien, R
Bland, P
Bleuet, P
Borg, J
Bradley, JP
Brearley, A
Brenker, F
Brennan, S
Bridges, JC
Browning, ND
Brucato, JR
Bullock, E
Burchell, MJ
Busemann, H
Butterworth, A
Chaussidon, M
Cheuvront, A
Chi, MF
Cintala, MJ
Clark, BC
Clemett, SJ
Cody, G
Colangeli, L
Cooper, G
Cordier, P
Daghlian, C
Dai, ZR
D'Hendecourt, L
Djouadi, Z
Dominguez, G
Duxbury, T
Dworkin, JP
Ebel, DS
Economou, TE
Fakra, S
Fairey, SAJ
Fallon, S
Ferrini, G
Ferroir, T
Fleckenstein, H
Floss, C
Flynn, G
Franchi, IA
Fries, M
Gainsforth, Z
Gallien, JP
Genge, M
Gilles, MK
Gillet, P
Gilmour, J
Glavin, DP
Gounelle, M
Grady, MM
Graham, GA
Grant, PG
Green, SF
Grossemy, F
Grossman, L
Grossman, JN
Guan, Y
Hagiya, K
Harvey, R
Heck, P
Herzog, GF
Hoppe, P
Horz, F
Huth, J
Hutcheon, ID
Ignatyev, K
Ishii, H
Ito, M
Jacob, D
Jacobsen, C
Jacobsen, S
Jones, S
Joswiak, D
Jurewicz, A
Kearsley, AT
Keller, LP
Khodja, H
Kilcoyne, ALD
Kissel, J
Krot, A
Langenhorst, F
Lanzirotti, A
Le, L
Leshin, LA
Leitner, J
Lemelle, L
Leroux, H
Liu, MC
Luening, K
Lyon, I
MacPherson, G
Marcus, MA
Marhas, K
Marty, B
Matrajt, G
McKeegan, K
Meibom, A
Mennella, V
Messenger, K
Messenger, S
Mikouchi, T
Mostefaoui, S
Nakamura, T
Nakano, T
Newville, M
Nittler, LR
Ohnishi, I
Ohsumi, K
Okudaira, K
Papanastassiou, DA
Palma, R
Palumbo, ME
Pepin, RO
Perkins, D
Perronnet, M
Pianetta, P
Rao, W
Rietmeijer, FJM
Robert, F
Rost, D
Rotundi, A
Ryan, R
Sandford, SA
Schwandt, CS
See, TH
Schlutter, D
Sheffield-Parker, J
Simionovici, A
Simon, S
Sitnitsky, I
Snead, CJ
Spencer, MK
Stadermann, FJ
Steele, A
Stephan, T
Stroud, R
Susini, J
Sutton, SR
Suzuki, Y
Taheri, M
Taylor, S
Teslich, N
Tomeoka, K
Tomioka, N
Toppani, A
Trigo-Rodriguez, JM
Troadec, D
Tsuchiyama, A
Tuzzolino, AJ
Tyliszczak, T
Uesugi, K
Velbel, M
Vellenga, J
Vicenzi, E
Vincze, L
Warren, J
Weber, I
Weisberg, M
Westphal, AJ
Wirick, S
Wooden, D
Wopenka, B
Wozniakiewicz, P
Wright, I
Yabuta, H
Yano, H
Young, ED
Zare, RN
Zega, T
Ziegler, K
Zimmerman, L
Zinner, E
Zolensky, M
AF Brownlee, Don
Tsou, Peter
Aleon, Jerome
Alexander, Conel M. O'D.
Araki, Tohru
Bajt, Sasa
Baratta, Giuseppe A.
Bastien, Ron
Bland, Phil
Bleuet, Pierre
Borg, Janet
Bradley, John P.
Brearley, Adrian
Brenker, F.
Brennan, Sean
Bridges, John C.
Browning, Nigel D.
Brucato, John R.
Bullock, E.
Burchell, Mark J.
Busemann, Henner
Butterworth, Anna
Chaussidon, Marc
Cheuvront, Allan
Chi, Miaofang
Cintala, Mark J.
Clark, B. C.
Clemett, Simon J.
Cody, George
Colangeli, Luigi
Cooper, George
Cordier, Patrick
Daghlian, C.
Dai, Zurong
D'Hendecourt, Louis
Djouadi, Zahia
Dominguez, Gerardo
Duxbury, Tom
Dworkin, Jason P.
Ebel, Denton S.
Economou, Thanasis E.
Fakra, Sirine
Fairey, Sam A. J.
Fallon, Stewart
Ferrini, Gianluca
Ferroir, T.
Fleckenstein, Holger
Floss, Christine
Flynn, George
Franchi, Ian A.
Fries, Marc
Gainsforth, Z.
Gallien, J. -P.
Genge, Matt
Gilles, Mary K.
Gillet, Philipe
Gilmour, Jamie
Glavin, Daniel P.
Gounelle, Matthieu
Grady, Monica M.
Graham, Giles A.
Grant, P. G.
Green, Simon F.
Grossemy, Faustine
Grossman, Lawrence
Grossman, Jeffrey N.
Guan, Yunbin
Hagiya, Kenji
Harvey, Ralph
Heck, Philipp
Herzog, Gregory F.
Hoppe, Peter
Hoerz, Friedrich
Huth, Joachim
Hutcheon, Ian D.
Ignatyev, Konstantin
Ishii, Hope
Ito, Motoo
Jacob, Damien
Jacobsen, Chris
Jacobsen, Stein
Jones, Steven
Joswiak, David
Jurewicz, Amy
Kearsley, Anton T.
Keller, Lindsay P.
Khodja, H.
Kilcoyne, A. L. David
Kissel, Jochen
Krot, Alexander
Langenhorst, Falko
Lanzirotti, Antonio
Le, Loan
Leshin, Laurie A.
Leitner, J.
Lemelle, L.
Leroux, Hugues
Liu, Ming-Chang
Luening, K.
Lyon, Ian
MacPherson, Glen
Marcus, Matthew A.
Marhas, Kuljeet
Marty, Bernard
Matrajt, Graciela
McKeegan, Kevin
Meibom, Anders
Mennella, Vito
Messenger, Keiko
Messenger, Scott
Mikouchi, Takashi
Mostefaoui, Smail
Nakamura, Tomoki
Nakano, T.
Newville, M.
Nittler, Larry R.
Ohnishi, Ichiro
Ohsumi, Kazumasa
Okudaira, Kyoko
Papanastassiou, Dimitri A.
Palma, Russ
Palumbo, Maria E.
Pepin, Robert O.
Perkins, David
Perronnet, Murielle
Pianetta, P.
Rao, William
Rietmeijer, Frans J. M.
Robert, Francois
Rost, D.
Rotundi, Alessandra
Ryan, Robert
Sandford, Scott A.
Schwandt, Craig S.
See, Thomas H.
Schlutter, Dennis
Sheffield-Parker, J.
Simionovici, Alexandre
Simon, Steven
Sitnitsky, I.
Snead, Christopher J.
Spencer, Maegan K.
Stadermann, Frank J.
Steele, Andrew
Stephan, Thomas
Stroud, Rhonda
Susini, Jean
Sutton, S. R.
Suzuki, Y.
Taheri, Mitra
Taylor, Susan
Teslich, Nick
Tomeoka, Kazu
Tomioka, Naotaka
Toppani, Alice
Trigo-Rodriguez, Josep M.
Troadec, David
Tsuchiyama, Akira
Tuzzolino, Anthony J.
Tyliszczak, Tolek
Uesugi, K.
Velbel, Michael
Vellenga, Joe
Vicenzi, E.
Vincze, L.
Warren, Jack
Weber, Iris
Weisberg, Mike
Westphal, Andrew J.
Wirick, Sue
Wooden, Diane
Wopenka, Brigitte
Wozniakiewicz, Penelope
Wright, Ian
Yabuta, Hikaru
Yano, Hajime
Young, Edward D.
Zare, Richard N.
Zega, Thomas
Ziegler, Karen
Zimmerman, Laurent
Zinner, Ernst
Zolensky, Michael
TI Comet 81P/Wild 2 under a microscope
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYSTALLINE SILICATES; REFRACTORY INCLUSIONS; SOLAR NEBULA; KUIPER BELT;
P/WILD 2; GRAINS; MINERALOGY; NUCLEUS; ORIGIN
AB The Stardust spacecraft collected thousands of particles from comet 81P/Wild 2 and returned them to Earth for laboratory study. The preliminary examination of these samples shows that the nonvolatile portion of the comet is an unequilibrated assortment of materials that have both presolar and solar system origin. The comet contains an abundance of silicate grains that are much larger than predictions of interstellar grain models, and many of these are high-temperature minerals that appear to have formed in the inner regions of the solar nebula. Their presence in a comet proves that the formation of the solar system included mixing on the grandest scales.
C1 Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Ctr Spectrometrie Nucl & Spectrometrie Masse, F-91405 Orsay, France.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Glenn T Seaborg Inst, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
Osserv Astrofis Catania, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-95123 Catania, Italy.
NASA, Engn Sci Contract Grp, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
Nat Hist Museum, Dept Mineral, London SW7 5BD, England.
Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Earth Sci & Engn, Impact & Astromat Res Ctr, London SW7 2AZ, England.
European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
Inst Astrophys Spatiale, F-91405 Orsay, France.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Goethe Univ Frankfurt, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany.
Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
Open Univ, Planetary & Space Sci Res Inst, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Directorate, Div Mat Sci & Technol, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Osserv Astron Capodimonte, INAF, I-80131 Naples, Italy.
Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Univ Kent, Sch Phys Sci, Canterbury CT2 7NH, Kent, England.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Ctr Rech Petrog & Geochim, F-54501 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France.
Lockheed Martin Space Syst, Littleton, CO 80125 USA.
NASA, ERC Inc, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
NASA, Exobiol Branch, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
Univ Sci & Technol Lille, Lab Struct & Proprietes Etat Solide, F-59655 Villeneuve Dascq, France.
Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Chem & Biochem, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
NASA, Goddard Ctr Astrobiol, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, New York, NY 10024 USA.
Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Lab Astrophys & Space Res, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Kent, Ctr Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Canterbury CT2 7NH, Kent, England.
Novaetech SRL, Naples, Italy.
Ecole Normale Super Lyon, Lab Sci Terre, F-69007 Lyon, France.
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
Washington Univ, Space Sci Lab, St Louis, MO 63160 USA.
SUNY Coll Plattsburgh, Dept Phys, Plattsburgh, NY 12901 USA.
Open Univ, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England.
CEA Saclay, Lab Pierre Sue, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Chem Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Manchester, Sch Earth Atmospher & Environm Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
Museum Natl Hist Nat, Lab Etud Mat Extraterr, USM 0205, F-75005 Paris, France.
Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 954, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Geol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
Max Planck Inst Chem, Particle Chem Dept, D-55020 Mainz, Germany.
Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USA.
Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
NASA, Robert M Walker Lab Space Sci, Astromat Res & Explorat Sci Directorate, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Arizona State Univ, Ctr Meteorite Studies, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany.
Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
Univ Jena, Inst Geosci, D-07749 Jena, Germany.
Univ Chicago, Ctr Adv Radiat Studies, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
ESCG, Jacobs Sverdrup, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
NASA, Sci & Explorat Directorate, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
Univ Munster, Inst Planetol, D-4400 Munster, Germany.
Univ Lille, Lille, France.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Washington Univ, Dept Phys, McDonnell Ctr Space Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
Ctr Rech Petrog & Geochim, F-54501 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France.
Osserv Astron Capodimonte, INAF, I-80131 Naples, Italy.
Univ Tokyo, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
Museum Natl Hist Nat, Lab Etud Mat Extraterr, F-75005 Paris, France.
Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka 812, Japan.
Geol Survey Japan, Ibaraki, Japan.
Kobe Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Nada Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan.
Inst Mat Struct Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Div Sci, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Minnesota State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Mankato, MN 56001 USA.
Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29801 USA.
Univ Parthenope, Dipartimento Sci Applicate, Naples, Italy.
NASA, Astrophys Branch, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
Engn Sci Contract Barrios Technol Astromat Res &, Houston, TX 77258 USA.
USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
SUNY Coll Plattsburgh, Plattsburgh, NY 12901 USA.
Japan Synchrotron Radiat Inst, Hyogo, Japan.
USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CSIC, Inst Estudis Espacials Catalunya, Inst Space Sci, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain.
IEEC, Barcelona 08034, Spain.
Osaka Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan.
Stanford Univ, Dept Chem, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
Univ Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
CUNY, Kingsborough Community Coll, Brooklyn, NY 11235 USA.
Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
RP Brownlee, D (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM brownlee@astro.washington.edu
RI Leitner, Jan/A-7391-2015; Hoppe, Peter/B-3032-2015; Jacobsen,
Chris/E-2827-2015; Tomioka, Naotaka/B-1888-2011; Chi,
Miaofang/Q-2489-2015; Khodja, Hicham/A-1869-2016; Yabuta,
Hikaru/M-9041-2014; Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013; Stroud,
Rhonda/C-5503-2008; UCLA, SIMS/A-1459-2011; Liu, Ming-Chang/D-1885-2010;
Dworkin, Jason/C-9417-2012; Chaussidon, Marc/E-7067-2017; Zare,
Richard/A-8410-2009; Jacobsen, Stein/B-1759-2013; Glavin,
Daniel/D-6194-2012; Green, Simon/C-7408-2009; Appourchaux,
Thierry/F-4692-2010; McKeegan, Kevin/A-4107-2008; Dai,
Zurong/E-6732-2010; Bajt, Sasa/G-2228-2010; Gilmour, Jamie/G-7515-2011;
Fallon, Stewart/G-6645-2011; Heck, Philipp/C-6092-2012; Cordier,
Patrick/D-2357-2012; Taheri, Mitra/F-1321-2011; Alexander,
Conel/N-7533-2013
OI Burchell, Mark/0000-0002-2680-8943; Ignatyev,
Konstantin/0000-0002-8937-5655; Palumbo,
MariaElisabetta/0000-0002-9122-491X; Busemann,
Henner/0000-0002-0867-6908; Baratta, Giuseppe/0000-0002-3688-160X;
Grady, Monica/0000-0002-4055-533X; Gilmour, Jamie/0000-0003-1990-8636;
Brucato, John Robert/0000-0002-4738-5521; Rotundi,
Alessandra/0000-0001-5467-157X; Browning, Nigel/0000-0003-0491-251X;
Leitner, Jan/0000-0003-3655-6273; Hoppe, Peter/0000-0003-3681-050X;
Jacobsen, Chris/0000-0001-8562-0353; Tomioka,
Naotaka/0000-0001-5725-9513; Chi, Miaofang/0000-0003-0764-1567; Yabuta,
Hikaru/0000-0002-4625-5362; Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015; Dworkin,
Jason/0000-0002-3961-8997; Glavin, Daniel/0000-0001-7779-7765; McKeegan,
Kevin/0000-0002-1827-729X; Fallon, Stewart/0000-0002-8064-5903; Cordier,
Patrick/0000-0002-1883-2994; Alexander, Conel/0000-0002-8558-1427
NR 26
TC 552
Z9 554
U1 13
U2 137
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD DEC 15
PY 2006
VL 314
IS 5806
BP 1711
EP 1716
DI 10.1126/science.1135840
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 116WD
UT WOS:000242833600041
PM 17170289
ER
PT J
AU Flynn, GJ
Bleuet, P
Borg, J
Bradley, JP
Brenker, FE
Brennan, S
Bridges, J
Brownlee, DE
Bullock, ES
Burghammer, M
Clark, BC
Dai, ZR
Daghlian, CP
Djouadi, Z
Fakra, S
Ferroir, T
Floss, C
Franchi, IA
Gainsforth, Z
Gallien, JP
Gillet, P
Grant, PG
Graham, GA
Green, SF
Grossemy, F
Heck, PR
Herzog, GF
Hoppe, P
Horz, F
Huth, J
Ignatyev, K
Ishii, HA
Janssens, K
Joswiak, D
Kearsley, AT
Khodja, H
Lanzirotti, A
Leitner, J
Lemelle, L
Leroux, H
Luening, K
MacPherson, GJ
Marhas, KK
Marcus, MA
Matrajt, G
Nakamura, T
Nakamura-Messenger, K
Nakano, T
Newville, M
Papanastassiou, DA
Pianetta, P
Rao, W
Riekel, C
Rietmeijer, FJM
Rost, D
Schwandt, CS
See, TH
Sheffield-Parker, J
Simionovici, A
Sitnitsky, I
Snead, CJ
Stadermann, FJ
Stephan, T
Stroud, RM
Susini, J
Suzuki, Y
Sutton, SR
Taylor, S
Teslich, N
Troadec, D
Tsou, P
Tsuchiyama, A
Uesugi, K
Vekemans, B
Vicenzi, EP
Vincze, L
Westphal, AJ
Wozniakiewicz, P
Zinner, E
Zolensky, ME
AF Flynn, George J.
Bleuet, Pierre
Borg, Janet
Bradley, John P.
Brenker, Frank E.
Brennan, Sean
Bridges, John
Brownlee, Don E.
Bullock, Emma S.
Burghammer, Manfred
Clark, Benton C.
Dai, Zu Rong
Daghlian, Charles P.
Djouadi, Zahia
Fakra, Sirine
Ferroir, Tristan
Floss, Christine
Franchi, Ian A.
Gainsforth, Zack
Gallien, Jean-Paul
Gillet, Philippe
Grant, Patrick G.
Graham, Giles A.
Green, Simon F.
Grossemy, Faustine
Heck, Philipp R.
Herzog, Gregory F.
Hoppe, Peter
Hoerz, Friedrich
Huth, Joachim
Ignatyev, Konstantin
Ishii, Hope A.
Janssens, Koen
Joswiak, David
Kearsley, Anton T.
Khodja, Hicham
Lanzirotti, Antonio
Leitner, Jan
Lemelle, Laurence
Leroux, Hugues
Luening, Katharina
MacPherson, Glenn J.
Marhas, Kuljeet K.
Marcus, Matthew A.
Matrajt, Graciela
Nakamura, Tomoki
Nakamura-Messenger, Keiko
Nakano, Tsukasa
Newville, Matthew
Papanastassiou, Dimitri A.
Pianetta, Piero
Rao, William
Riekel, Christian
Rietmeijer, Frans J. M.
Rost, Detlef
Schwandt, Craig S.
See, Thomas H.
Sheffield-Parker, Julie
Simionovici, Alexandre
Sitnitsky, Ilona
Snead, Christopher J.
Stadermann, Frank J.
Stephan, Thomas
Stroud, Rhonda M.
Susini, Jean
Suzuki, Yoshio
Sutton, Stephen R.
Taylor, Susan
Teslich, Nick
Troadec, D.
Tsou, Peter
Tsuchiyama, Akira
Uesugi, Kentaro
Vekemans, Bart
Vicenzi, Edward P.
Vincze, Laszlo
Westphal, Andrew J.
Wozniakiewicz, Penelope
Zinner, Ernst
Zolensky, Michael E.
TI Elemental compositions of comet 81P/Wild 2 samples collected by Stardust
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID SPACECRAFT; ABUNDANCES; SOLAR; DUST
AB We measured the elemental compositions of material from 23 particles in aerogel and from residue in seven craters in aluminum foil that was collected during passage of the Stardust spacecraft through the coma of comet 81P/Wild 2. These particles are chemically heterogeneous at the largest size scale analyzed (similar to 180 ng). The mean elemental composition of this Wild 2 material is consistent with the CI meteorite composition, which is thought to represent the bulk composition of the solar system, for the elements Mg, Si, Mn, Fe, and Ni to 35%, and for Ca and Ti to 60%. The elements Cu, Zn, and Ga appear enriched in this Wild 2 material, which suggests that the CI meteorites may not represent the solar system composition for these moderately volatile minor elements.
C1 SUNY Coll Plattsburgh, Dept Phys, Plattsburgh, NY 12901 USA.
European Synchrotron Radiat Facil, F-38043 Grenoble, France.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Inst Astrophys Spatiale, Orsay, France.
Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Mineral, D-6000 Frankfurt, Germany.
Stanford Linear Accelerator Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
Open Univ, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England.
Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Lockheed Martin, Denver, CO 80201 USA.
Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Ecole Normale Super Lyon, F-69364 Lyon, France.
Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
CNRS, CEA, Lab Pierre Sue, Saclay, France.
Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
Rutgers State Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Engn & Sci Contract Grp Jacobs Sverdrup, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
Univ Antwerp, Dept Chem, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
Nat Hist Museum, Dept Mineral, London SW7 5BD, England.
Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Univ Munster, Inst Planetol, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
Univ Lille, Lille, France.
Kyushu Univ, Fukuoka 812, Japan.
Geol Survey Japan, Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
XRT Ltd, Port Melbourne, Vic, Australia.
USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA.
Japan Synchrotron Radiat Res Inst SPring8, Hyogo, Japan.
Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
Univ Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Osaka Univ, Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan.
RP Flynn, GJ (reprint author), SUNY Coll Plattsburgh, Dept Phys, 101 Broad St, Plattsburgh, NY 12901 USA.
EM george.flynn@plattsburgh.edu
RI Stroud, Rhonda/C-5503-2008; Green, Simon/C-7408-2009; Dai,
Zurong/E-6732-2010; Heck, Philipp/C-6092-2012; Leitner, Jan/A-7391-2015;
Hoppe, Peter/B-3032-2015; Khodja, Hicham/A-1869-2016; Janssens,
Koen/B-8049-2011;
OI Stroud, Rhonda/0000-0001-5242-8015; Leitner, Jan/0000-0003-3655-6273;
Hoppe, Peter/0000-0003-3681-050X; Janssens, Koen/0000-0002-6752-6408;
Ignatyev, Konstantin/0000-0002-8937-5655
NR 17
TC 154
Z9 154
U1 2
U2 36
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD DEC 15
PY 2006
VL 314
IS 5806
BP 1731
EP 1735
DI 10.1126/science.1136141
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 116WD
UT WOS:000242833600046
PM 17170294
ER
PT J
AU Watters, TR
Leuschen, CJ
Plaut, JJ
Picardi, G
Safaeinili, A
Clifford, SM
Farrell, WM
Ivanov, AB
Phillips, RJ
Stofan, ER
AF Watters, Thomas R.
Leuschen, Carl J.
Plaut, Jeffrey J.
Picardi, Giovanni
Safaeinili, Ali
Clifford, Stephen M.
Farrell, William M.
Ivanov, Anton B.
Phillips, Roger J.
Stofan, Ellen R.
TI MARSIS radar sounder evidence of buried basins in the northern lowlands
of Mars
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID CRUSTAL DICHOTOMY; GIANT IMPACT; MANTLE; ORIGIN
AB A hemispheric dichotomy on Mars is marked by the sharp contrast between the sparsely cratered northern lowland plains and the heavily cratered southern highlands. Mechanisms proposed to remove ancient crust or form younger lowland crust include one or more giant impacts, subcrustal transport by mantle convection, the generation of thinner crust by plate tectonics, and mantle overturn following solidification of an early magma ocean(1-7). The age of the northern lowland crust is a significant constraint on these models. The Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionospheric Sounding (MARSIS) instrument on the European Space Agency's Mars Express spacecraft is providing new constraints on the martian subsurface(8). Here we show evidence of buried impact basins ranging in diameter from about 130 km to 470 km found over 14 per cent of the northern lowlands. The number of detected buried basins >200 km in diameter indicates that the lowland crust is ancient, dating back to the Early Noachian epoch. This crater density is a lower limit because of the likelihood that not all buried basins in the area surveyed by MARSIS have been detected. An Early Noachian age for the lowland crust has been previously suggested on the basis of a large number of quasi-circular topographic depressions interpreted to be evidence of buried basins(9-11). Only a few of these depressions in the area surveyed by MARSIS, however, correlate with the detected subsurface echoes. On the basis of the MARSIS data, we conclude that the northern lowland crust is at least as old as the oldest exposed highland crust. This suggests that the crustal dichotomy formed early in the geologic evolution of Mars.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Univ Kansas, Ctr Remote Sensing Ice Sheets, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Univ Roma La Sapienza, Infocom Dept, I-00184 Rome, Italy.
Lunar & Planetary Inst, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
Proxemy Res, Laytonville, MD 20882 USA.
RP Watters, TR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM watterst@si.edu
RI Farrell, William/I-4865-2013; Ivanov, Anton/C-8944-2014
OI Ivanov, Anton/0000-0001-8376-8581
NR 22
TC 30
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 5
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
EI 1476-4687
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD DEC 14
PY 2006
VL 444
IS 7121
BP 905
EP 908
DI 10.1038/nature05356
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 116LW
UT WOS:000242805400050
PM 17167480
ER
PT J
AU Scarbrough, AG
Perez-Gelabert, DE
AF Scarbrough, Aubrey G.
Perez-Gelabert, Daniel E.
TI A review of the asilid (Diptera) fauna from Hispaniola with six genera
new to the island, fifteen new species, and checklist
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Review
DE Asilidae; new species; distribution records; Hispaniola
AB The robber fly fauna of the 6 subfamilies Apocleinae, Asilinae, Laphrinae, Ommatiinae, Stenopogoninae, and Trigonomiminae of Hispaniola with special reference to the Dominican Republic is reviewed in light of new collections. This paper reports 6 genera (Cerotainia Schiner, Eumecosoma Schiner, Holcocephala Jaennicke, Pilica Curran, Proctacanthella Bromley, and Rhopalogaster Macquart) new to the island, increasing the number to 20. Within the West Indies, Eumecosoma, Holcocephala, Pilica, and Proctacanthella are only known from Hispaniola. Also, 33 species are reported, including 15 new species (Atomosia anacaona, A. ciguaya, A. jagua, A. jimagua, A. yurabia, Cerotainia sola, Eumecosoma caerulum, Holcocephala indigena, Ommatius geminus, O. laticrus, O. maculosus, O. praelongus, Proctacanthella taina, Plesiomma simile, and Rhopalogaster albidus), increasing the number to 62 species plus 2 species in Dominican amber. The male of O. cinnamomeus Scarbrough & females of Plesiomma inflatum and Proctacanthus darlingtoni Curran are reported for the first time. The Ommatius lucidatus species group is established with 8 extant and 2 fossil species. Plesiomma angustum (Macquart) and Atoniomyia mikii (Williston) are rediscovered and redescribed. Plesiomma lineata (Fabricius) is removed from the distribution list for Cuba and Jamaica and Neophoneus is removed from the list of West Indies asilids because of an error in identification. Neophoneus flavotibis Bigot tentatively diagnosed as belonging to the genus Efferia. Plesiomma macra Loew is removed from synonymy. Significant structures of most species are illustrated and keys to selected species are included. At least one species of Atoniomyia and Pilica remain undescribed from this survey. New distribution records for most species and a checklist of the Hispaniolan fauna are also included.
C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Scarbrough, AG (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85741 USA.
EM saubrey05@comcast.net; perezd@si.edu
NR 57
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD DEC 14
PY 2006
IS 1381
BP 1
EP 91
PG 91
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 118GJ
UT WOS:000242930100001
ER
PT J
AU Laurance, WF
Nascimento, HEM
Laurance, SG
Andrade, A
Ribeiro, JELS
Giraldo, JP
Lovejoy, TE
Condit, R
Chave, J
Harms, KE
D'Angelo, S
AF Laurance, William F.
Nascimento, Henrique E. M.
Laurance, Susan G.
Andrade, Ana
Ribeiro, Jose E. L. S.
Giraldo, Juan Pablo
Lovejoy, Thomas E.
Condit, Richard
Chave, Jerome
Harms, Kyle E.
D'Angelo, Sammya
TI Rapid decay of tree-community composition in Amazonian forest fragments
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE edge effects; floristic composition; forest dynamics; habitat
fragmentation; tree communities
ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; DYNAMICS; GROWTH; CONSERVATION;
RECRUITMENT; ENVIRONMENT; ABUNDANCE; HISTORY; FUTURE
AB Forest fragmentation is considered a greater threat to vertebrates than to tree communities because individual trees are typically long-lived and require only small areas for survival. Here we show that forest fragmentation provokes surprisingly rapid and profound alterations in Amazonian tree-community composition. Results were derived from a 22-year study of exceptionally diverse tree communities in 40 1-ha plots in fragmented and intact forests, which were sampled repeatedly before and after fragment isolation. Within these plots, trajectories of change in abundance were assessed for 267 genera and 1,162 tree species. Abrupt shifts in floristic composition were driven by sharply accelerated tree mortality and recruitment within approximate to 100 m of fragment margins, causing rapid species turnover and population declines or local extinctions of many large-seeded, slow-growing, and old-growth taxa; a striking increase in a smaller set of disturbance-adapted and abiotically dispersed species; and significant shifts in tree size distributions. Even among old-growth trees, species composition in fragments is being restructured substantially, with subcanopy species that rely on animal seed-dispersers and have obligate outbreeding being the most strongly disadvantaged. These diverse changes in tree communities are likely to have wide-ranging impacts on forest architecture, canopy-gap dynamics, plant-animal interactions, and forest carbon storage.
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
Natl Inst Amazonian Res, Biol Dynam Forest Fragments Project, INPA, BR-69011970 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
Natl Inst Amazonian Res, Dept Bot, INPA, BR-69011970 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Toulouse 3, Lab Evolut & Diver Biol, CNRS, Unite Mixte Rech 5174, F-31062 Toulouse, France.
Louisiana State Univ, Dept Sci Biol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Laurance, WF (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 2072, Balboa, Panama.
EM laurancew@si.edu
RI Laurance, William/B-2709-2012; Nascimento, Henrique/F-8612-2012;
Laurance, Susan/G-6021-2011; Lahoz da Silva Ribeiro, Jose
Eduardo/A-8574-2013
OI Laurance, Susan/0000-0002-2831-2933; Lahoz da Silva Ribeiro, Jose
Eduardo/0000-0002-2389-5631
NR 51
TC 172
Z9 182
U1 16
U2 87
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD DEC 12
PY 2006
VL 103
IS 50
BP 19010
EP 19014
DI 10.1073/pnas.0609048103
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 117PC
UT WOS:000242884200026
PM 17148598
ER
PT J
AU Cox, TJ
Jonsson, P
Primack, JR
Somerville, RS
AF Cox, T. J.
Jonsson, Patrik
Primack, Joel R.
Somerville, Rachel S.
TI Feedback in simulations of disc-galaxy major mergers
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Review
DE methods : numerical; galaxies : evolution; galaxies : formation;
galaxies : interactions; galaxies : starburst
ID SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; COLD DARK-MATTER; ULTRALUMINOUS
INFRARED GALAXIES; STAR-FORMATION HISTORY; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; GLOBAL
SCHMIDT LAW; X-RAY-EMISSION; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; FUNDAMENTAL PLANE;
COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS
AB Using hydrodynamic simulations of disc-galaxy major mergers, we investigate the star formation history and remnant properties when various parametrizations of a simple stellar feedback model are implemented. The simulations include radiative cooling, a density-dependent star formation recipe and a model for feedback from massive stars. The feedback model stores supernova feedback energy within individual gas particles and dissipates this energy on a time-scale specified by two free parameters; tau(fb), which sets the dissipative time-scale, and n, which sets the effective equation of state in star-forming regions. Via this model, feedback energy can provide pressure support to regions of gas that are thermally cold. Using a self-consistent disc galaxy, modelled after a local Sbc spiral, in both isolated and major-merger simulations, we investigate parametrizations of the feedback model that are selected with respect to the quiescent disc stability. These models produce a range of star formation histories for discs evolved in isolation, or during a major merger, yet all are consistent with the star formation relation found by Kennicutt. We suggest that this result is produced by the adopted recipe for star formation and is not a byproduct of the feedback model. All major mergers produce a population of new stars that is highly centrally concentrated, demonstrating a distinct break in the r(1/4) surface density profile, consistent with previous findings. The half-mass radius and one-dimensional velocity dispersion are affected by the feedback model used. In tests with up to an order of magnitude higher resolution, the star formation history is nearly identical, suggesting that we have achieved a numerically converged star formation history. Finally, we compare our results to those of previous simulations of star formation in disc-galaxy major mergers, addressing the effects of star formation normalization, the version of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) employed and assumptions about the interstellar medium. We conclude by suggesting several methods by which future studies may better constrain feedback models.
C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
RP Cox, TJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM tcox@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 138
TC 198
Z9 198
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD DEC 11
PY 2006
VL 373
IS 3
BP 1013
EP 1038
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.11107.x
PG 26
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 121JC
UT WOS:000243152900007
ER
PT J
AU Casares, J
Cornelisse, R
Steeghs, D
Charles, PA
Hynes, RI
O'Brien, K
Strohmayer, TE
AF Casares, J.
Cornelisse, R.
Steeghs, D.
Charles, P. A.
Hynes, R. I.
O'Brien, K.
Strohmayer, T. E.
TI Detection of the irradiated donor in the LMXBs 4U 1636-536 (=V801 Ara)
and 4U 1735-444 (=V926 Sco)
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion; accretion discs; binaries : close; stars : individual : V801
Ara; stars : individual : V926 Sco; X-rays : binaries
ID X-RAY BINARIES; ORBITAL PERIOD; BOWEN FLUORESCENCE; NEUTRON-STAR;
SCORPIUS X-1; MASS; EMISSION; SPECTROSCOPY; PHOTOMETRY; X1735-444
AB Phase-resolved VLT spectroscopy of the bursting low-mass X-ray binaries 4U 1636-536/V801 Ara and 4U 1735-444/V926 Sco is presented. Doppler images of the N-III lambda 4640 Bowen transition reveal compact spots which we attribute to fluorescent emission from the donor star and enable us to define a new set of spectroscopic ephemerides. We measure K-em = 277 +/- 22 and 226 +/- 22 km s(-1) from the N III spots in V801 Ara and V926 Sco, respectively, which represent strict lower limits to the radial velocity semi-amplitude of the donor stars. Our new ephemerides provide confirmation that light-curve maxima in V801 Ara and likely V926 Sco occur at superior conjunction of the donor star and hence photometric modulation is caused by the visibility of the X-ray heated donor. The velocities of He it lambda 4686 and the broad Bowen blend are strongly modulated with the orbital period, with phasing supporting emission dominated by the disc bulge. In addition, a reanalysis of burst oscillations in V801 Ara, using our spectroscopic T-0, leads to K-1 = 90-113 km s(-1). We also estimate the K-corrections for all possible disc flaring angles and present the first dynamical constraints on the masses of these X-ray bursters. These are K-2 = 360 +/- 74 km s(-1),f (M) = 0.76 +/- 0.47 M-circle dot and q = 0.21-0.34 for V801 Ara and K-2 = 298 +/- 83 km s(-1) ,f(M) = 0.53 +/- 0.44 M-circle dot and q = 0.05-0.41 for V926 Sco. Disc flaring angles alpha >= 12 degrees and q similar or equal to 0.26-0.34 are favoured for V801 Ara whereas the lack of K, constraint for V926 Sco prevents tight constraints on this system. Although both binaries seem to have intermediate inclinations, the larger equivalent width of the narrow N III line in V801 Ara at phase 0.5 relative to phase 0 suggests that it has the higher inclination of the two.
C1 Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Cape Town, South Africa.
Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
European So Observ, Santiago 19, Chile.
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, High Energy Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Casares, J (reprint author), Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
EM jcv@iac.es; comelis@astro.soton.ac.uk; dsteeghs@head.cfa.harvard.edu;
pac@saao.ac.za; rih@phys.lsu.edu; kobrien@eso.org;
stroh@clarence.gsfc.nasa.gov
RI Steeghs, Danny/C-5468-2009
OI Steeghs, Danny/0000-0003-0771-4746
NR 40
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD DEC 11
PY 2006
VL 373
IS 3
BP 1235
EP 1244
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.11106.x
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 121JC
UT WOS:000243152900024
ER
PT J
AU Konstantinov, AS
Prathapan, KD
AF Konstantinov, A. S.
Prathapan, K. D.
TI Kashmirobia, a new genus of flea beetles from the Oriental Region
(Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae)
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Chrysomelidae; new genus; Oriental Region
AB A new genus, Kashmirobia, with the type species Aphthona hugeli Jacoby from the Oriental Region is described and illustrated. Comparative notes are provided. Host plant of K. hugeli is Euphorbia neriifolia L. ( Euphorbiaceae).
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Kerala Agr Univ, Dept Entomol, Trivandrum 695522, Kerala, India.
RP Konstantinov, AS (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab, POB 37012,MRC-168, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM akonstan@sel.barc.usda.gov; prathapankd@gmail.com
NR 8
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD DEC 11
PY 2006
IS 1377
BP 61
EP 68
PG 8
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 114TY
UT WOS:000242689700005
ER
PT J
AU Weedman, D
Polletta, M
Lonsdale, CJ
Wilkes, BJ
Siana, B
Houck, JR
Surace, J
Shupe, D
Farrah, D
Smith, HE
AF Weedman, D.
Polletta, M.
Lonsdale, C. J.
Wilkes, B. J.
Siana, B.
Houck, J. R.
Surace, J.
Shupe, D.
Farrah, D.
Smith, H. E.
TI Active galactic nucleus and starburst classification from Spitzer
mid-infrared spectra for high-redshift SWIRE sources
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE dust, extinction; galaxies : active; galaxies : high-redshift; galaxies
: starburst; infrared : galaxies; X-rays : galaxies
ID ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBON;
SPACE-TELESCOPE; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; MARKARIAN 231; EXTRAGALACTIC
SURVEY; SPECTROGRAPH IRS; ARRAY CAMERA; SPECTROSCOPY; QUASARS
AB Spectra have been obtained with the Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) on the Spitzer Space Telescope for 20 sources in the Lockman Hole field of the SWIRE survey. The sample is divided between sources with indicators of an obscured AGN, based primarily on X-ray detections of optically faint sources, and sources with indicators of a starburst, based on optical and near-infrared spectral energy distributions (SEDs), which show a luminosity peak from stellar photospheric emission. Ten of the 11 AGN sources have IRS spectra that show silicate absorption or are power laws; only one AGN source shows PAH emission features. All nine of the sources showing starburst SEDs in the near-infrared show PAH emission features in the IRS spectra. Redshifts are determined from the IRS spectra for all nine starbursts (1.0 < z < 1.9) and 8 of the 11 AGNs (0.6 < z < 2.5). Classification as AGN because of an X-ray detection, the classification as AGN or starburst derived from the photometric SED, and the IRS spectroscopic classification as AGN (silicate absorption) or starburst (PAH emission) are all consistent in 18 of 20 sources. The surface density for starbursts that are most luminous in the mid-infrared is less than that for the most luminous AGNs within the redshift interval 1.7 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 1.9. This result implies that mid-infrared source counts at high redshift are dominated by AGNs for f(v)(24 mu m) greater than or similar to 1.0 mJy.
C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Weedman, D (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM dweedman@astro.cornell.edu
OI Polletta, Maria del Carmen/0000-0001-7411-5386; Wilkes,
Belinda/0000-0003-1809-2364
NR 46
TC 52
Z9 52
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 1
BP 101
EP 111
DI 10.1086/508647
PN 1
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118AG
UT WOS:000242913800007
ER
PT J
AU David, LP
Jones, C
Forman, W
Vargas, IM
Nulsen, P
AF David, Laurence P.
Jones, Christine
Forman, William
Vargas, Iris Monica
Nulsen, Paul
TI The hot gas content of low-luminosity early-type galaxies and the
implications regarding supernova heating and active galactic nucleus
feedback
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : elliptical lenticular, cD; galaxies : ISM; X-rays : binaries;
X-rays : galaxies; X-rays : ISM
ID X-RAY BINARIES; TO-LIGHT RATIOS; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; CHANDRA
OBSERVATIONS; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; VIRGO CLUSTER;
SPECTRAL PROPERTIES; NEARBY GALAXIES; COMA-CLUSTER
AB We have analyzed Chandra observations of 18 low-luminosity early-type galaxies with L-B less than or similar to 3 x 10(10) L circle dot(B). Thermal emission from hot gas with temperatures between 0.2 and 0.8 keV comprises 5%-70% of the total 0.5-2.0 keVemission from these galaxies. We find that the total X-ray luminosity from LMXBs (resolved plus the power-law component of the unresolved emission) scales roughly linearly with the K-band luminosity of the galaxies with a normalization comparable to that found in more luminous early-type galaxies. All of the galaxies in our sample are gas-poor, with gas masses much less than that expected from the accumulation of stellar mass loss over the lifetime of the galaxies. The average ratio of gas mass to stellar mass in our sample is M-gas/M-* = 0.001, compared to more luminous early-type galaxies that typically have M-gas/M-* = 0.01. The time required to accumulate the observed gas mass from stellar mass loss in these galaxies is typically 3 x 10(8) yr. Since the cooling time of the gas is longer than the replenishment time, the gas cannot be condensing out of the hot phase and forming stars, implying that the gas is most likely being expelled from these galaxies in a wind. The one exception to this is NGC 4552, which is the most optically luminous galaxy in our sample and has the highest gas content. Using recent estimates of the Type la supernova rate and AGN heating rate in early-type galaxies, we find that, on average, heating by Type Ia supernovae should exceed AGN heating in galaxies with L-B less than or similar to 3 x 10(10) L circle dot(B). We also find that heating by Type Ia supernovae is energetically sufficient to drive winds in these galaxies, even if the present Type Ia supernova rate is overestimated by a factor of 2 or the present stellar mass-loss rate is underestimated by a factor of 2.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP David, LP (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM david@head.cfa.harvard.edu
OI Forman, William/0000-0002-9478-1682
NR 68
TC 62
Z9 62
U1 0
U2 5
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 1
BP 207
EP 221
DI 10.1086/508623
PN 1
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118AG
UT WOS:000242913800015
ER
PT J
AU Zapata, LA
Ho, PTP
Rodriguez, LF
O'Dell, CR
Zhang, QZ
Muench, A
AF Zapata, Luis A.
Ho, Paul T. P.
Rodriguez, Luis F.
O'Dell, C. R.
Zhang, Qizhou
Muench, August
TI Silicon monoxide observations reveal a cluster of hidden compact
outflows in the OMC 1 South region
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE stars : pre-main-sequence; ISM : individual (Orion-S, OMC 1S, M42); ISM
: jets and outflows
ID ORION-NEBULA; TRAPEZIUM CLUSTER; HIGH-RESOLUTION; OMC-1 SOUTH; MOLECULAR
JET; CO OUTFLOW; SIO SHOCKS; CLOUD CORE; STARS; COLLISION
AB We present high angular resolution (2."8 x 1."7) SiO J = 5 -> 4, v = 0 line observations of the OMC 1S region in the Orion Nebula made using the Submillimeter Array (SMA). We detect for the first time a cluster of four compact bipolar and monopolar outflows that show high-, moderate-, and low-velocity gas and appear to be energized by millimeter and infrared sources associated with this region. The SiO molecular outflows are compact (< 3500 AU), and in most of the cases, they are located very close to their exciting sources. We thus propose that the SiO thermal emission is tracing the youngest and most highly excited parts of the outflows that cannot be detected by other molecules. Moreover, since the ambient cloud is weak in the SiO line emission, these observations can reveal flows that in other molecular transitions will be confused with the ambient velocity cloud emission. Analysis of their position-velocity diagrams show that some components of these outflows may be driven by wide-angle winds very close to the exciting object. Finally, we find that some of these SiO outflows seem to be the base of powerful Herbig-Haro jets and large-scale molecular flows that emanate from a few arcseconds around this zone. In particular, we find a strongly excited SiO bipolar outflow with a P.A. of similar to 100 degrees that is likely energized by the luminous (similar to 3 X 10(3) L circle dot) infrared protostar "B" and could be the base of the remarkable object HH 269.
C1 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
RP Zapata, LA (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Apartado Postal 3-72, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico.
EM lzapata@astrosmo.unam.mx
OI Muench, August/0000-0003-0666-6367; Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589
NR 54
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 1
BP 398
EP 408
DI 10.1086/508319
PN 1
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118AG
UT WOS:000242913800029
ER
PT J
AU Mukhopadhyay, B
AF Mukhopadhyay, Banibrata
TI Growing hydrodynamic modes in Keplerian accretion disks during secondary
perturbations: Elliptical vortex effects
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion disks; hydrodynamics; instabilities; turbulence
ID DIFFERENTIALLY ROTATING-DISKS; WEAKLY MAGNETIZED DISKS; SHEAR FLOWS;
3-DIMENSIONAL INSTABILITY; LOCAL INSTABILITY; FREE ECCENTRICITY;
TRANSIENT GROWTH; ENERGY GROWTH; BLACK-HOLES; TURBULENCE
AB The origin of hydrodynamic turbulence, and in particular of an anomalously enhanced angular momentum transport, in accretion disks is still an unsolved problem. This is especially important for cold disk systems that are practically neutral in charge, since the turbulence in those systems cannot be of magnetohydrodynamic origin. While the flow must exhibit some instability and then turbulence in support of the transfer of mass inward and angular momentum outward, according to the linear perturbation theory, in the absence of magnetohydrodynamic effects, it should always be stable. We demonstrate that the three-dimensional secondary disturbance to the primarily perturbed disk, consisting of elliptical vortices, gives significantly large hydrodynamic growth in such a system and hence may suggest a transition to an ultimately turbulent state. This result is essentially applicable to accretion disks around quiescent cataclysmic variables, in protoplanetary and star-forming disks, and the outer region of disks in active galactic nuclei, where the gas is significantly colder, and thus the magnetic Reynolds number is smaller than 10(4).
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Indian Inst Sci, Dept Phys, Bangalore 560012, Karnataka, India.
RP Mukhopadhyay, B (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St,MS-51, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM bmukhopa@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 43
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 5
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 1
BP 503
EP 512
DI 10.1086/508528
PN 1
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118AG
UT WOS:000242913800040
ER
PT J
AU Miller, JM
Homan, J
Steeghs, D
Rupen, M
Hunstead, RW
Wijnands, R
Charles, PA
Fabian, AC
AF Miller, J. M.
Homan, J.
Steeghs, D.
Rupen, M.
Hunstead, R. W.
Wijnands, R.
Charles, P. A.
Fabian, A. C.
TI A long, hard look at the low/hard state in accreting black holes
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion disks; black hole physics; relativity; X-rays :
binaries; X-rays : individual (GX 339-4)
ID ADVECTION-DOMINATED ACCRETION; XMM-NEWTON/EPIC-PN; X-RAY TRANSIENTS;
NOVA MUSCAE 1991; CYGNUS X-1; XTE J1118+480; GX 339-4; SEYFERT-1
GALAXIES; ASCA OBSERVATIONS; RADIO-EMISSION
AB We present the first results of coordinated multiwavelength observations of the Galactic black hole GX 339-4 in a canonical low/hard state, obtained during its 2004 outburst. XMM-Newton observed the source for two revolutions, or approximately 280 ks; RXTE monitored the source throughout this long stare. The resulting data offer the best view yet obtained of the inner accretion flow geometry in the low/hard state, which is thought to be analogous to the geometry in low-luminosity active galactic nuclei. The XMM-Newton spectra clearly reveal the presence of a cool accretion disk component and a relativistic Fe K emission line. The results of fits made to both components strongly suggest that a standard thin disk remains at or near to the innermost stable circular orbit, at least in bright phases of the low/hard state. These findings indicate that potential links between the inner disk radius and the onset of a steady compact jet, and the paradigm of a radially recessed disk in the low/hard state, do not hold universally. The results of our observations can best be explained if a standard thin accretion disk fuels a corona that is closely related to, or consistent with, the base of a compact jet. In a brief examination of archival data, we show that Cygnus X-1 supports this picture of the low/hard state. We discuss our results within the context of disk-jet connections and prevailing models for accretion onto black holes.
C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Natl Radio Astron Observ, Array Operat Ctr, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England.
S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Cape Town, South Africa.
Univ Cambridge, Astron Inst, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
RP Miller, JM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 500 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM jonmm@umich.edu
RI Steeghs, Danny/C-5468-2009
OI Steeghs, Danny/0000-0003-0771-4746
NR 61
TC 163
Z9 164
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 1
BP 525
EP 535
DI 10.1086/508644
PN 1
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118AG
UT WOS:000242913800042
ER
PT J
AU Liu, JF
Di Stefano, R
McClintock, J
Kong, A
Bregman, J
Kuntz, K
AF Liu, Jifeng
Di Stefano, Rosanne
McClintock, Jeffrey
Kong, Albert
Bregman, Joel
Kuntz, Kip
TI Discovery of an eclipsing X-ray binary with a 32.69 hr period in M101:
An analog of Her X-1 or LMC X-4?
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : individual (M101); X-rays : binaries
ID SOURCE POPULATION; SPACED DATA; CHANDRA; GALAXIES; REMNANTS; UHURU; M31
AB We report the discovery of an eclipsing X-ray binary in M 101, the first such system to be discovered outside the Local Group. Based on a sequence of 25 Chandra observations that sample a wide range of orbital phases, we find a period of 32.688 +/- 0.002 hr, which we interpret as an orbital period. The folded light curve exhibits an eclipse lasting about 8 hr, suggesting a compact orbit in a nearly edge-on configuration. The X-ray binary has an average luminosity of L-X(0.3-8 keV) approximate to 1.3 x 10(38) ergs s(-1), with only 1 out of the 25 observations significantly lower in flux than the average light curve. The presence of the eclipse and the similar to 1.4 day orbital period suggests that this source is an analog of the well-studied eclipsing X-ray binary pulsars Her X-1 or LMC X-4. Combining the Chandra data and the HST ACS/WFC images, we have identified several possible optical counterparts, including an O5-O3 star with V = 25.0 mag. Follow-up optical monitoring observations should be able to identify the donor and further constrain the orbital properties.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA.
RP Liu, JF (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 33
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 1
BP 602
EP 612
DI 10.1086/508447
PN 1
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118AG
UT WOS:000242913800051
ER
PT J
AU Meibom, S
Mathieu, RD
Stassun, KG
AF Meibom, Soren
Mathieu, Robert D.
Stassun, Keivan G.
TI An observational study of tidal synchronization in solar-type binary
stars in the open clusters M35 and M34
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries : spectroscopic; open clusters and associations : general;
stars : rotation
ID WIYN OPEN CLUSTER; DETACHED ECLIPSING BINARIES; RELATIVE PROPER MOTIONS;
MAIN-SEQUENCE; ORBITAL CIRCULARIZATION; CLOSE BINARIES; LITHIUM
DEPLETION; DYNAMICAL TIDE; STELLAR MODELS; ORION NEBULA
AB We present rotation periods for the solar-type primary stars in 13 close (a less than or similar to 5 AU) single-lined spectroscopic binaries with known orbital periods (P) and eccentricities (e). All binaries are members of the open clusters M35 (NGC 2168; similar to 150 Myr) and M34 (NGC 1039; similar to 250 Myr). The binary orbital parameters and the rotation periods of the primary stars were determined from time-series spectroscopy and time-series photometry, respectively. Knowledge of the ages, orbital periods, and eccentricities of these binaries combined with the rotation periods and masses of their primary stars makes them particularly interesting systems for studying the rates of tidal circularization and synchronization. Our sample of 13 binaries includes six with orbital periods shortward of 13 days (a less than or similar to 0.12 AU). The stars in these binaries orbit sufficiently close that their spins and orbits have evolved toward synchronization and circularization due to tidal interactions. We investigate the degree of tidal synchronization in each binary by comparing the angular rotation velocity of the primary stars (Q.) to the angular velocity expected if the primary star was synchronized (e = 0) or pseudosynchronized (e > 0) with the orbital motion (Omega(ps)). Of the six closest binaries, two with circular orbits are not synchronized, one being subsynchronous and one being supersynchronous, and the primary stars in two binaries with eccentric orbits are rotating more slowly than pseudo synchronism. The remaining two binaries have reached the equilibrium state of both a circularized orbit and synchronized rotation. As a set, the six binaries present a challenging case study for tidal evolution theory, which in particular does not predict subsynchronous rotation in such close systems.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
RP Meibom, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM smeibom@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 54
TC 31
Z9 32
U1 1
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 1
BP 621
EP 635
DI 10.1086/508252
PN 1
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118AG
UT WOS:000242913800053
ER
PT J
AU Devor, J
Charbonneau, D
AF Devor, Jonathan
Charbonneau, David
TI MECI: A Method for Eclipsing Component Identification
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries : eclipsing; methods : data analysis; stars : statistics;
techniques : photometric
ID DIFFERENCE IMAGE-ANALYSIS; SYNOPTIC SURVEY TELESCOPE;
SMALL-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; LOW-MASS STARS; II BULGE DATA; MAIN-SEQUENCE;
ABSOLUTE DIMENSIONS; EVOLUTIONARY MODELS; TRANSITING PLANET; PHOTOMETRIC
SOLUTIONS
AB We describe an automated method for assigning the most probable physical parameters to the components of an eclipsing binary, using only its photometric light curve and combined colors. With traditional methods, one attempts to optimize a multiparameter model over many iterations, so as to minimize the chi(2) value. We suggest an alternative method, in which one selects pairs of coeval stars from a set of theoretical stellar models and compares their simulated light curves and combined colors with the observations. This approach greatly reduces the parameter space over which one needs to search and allows one to estimate the components' masses, radii, and absolute magnitudes, without spectroscopic data. We have implemented this method in an automated program using published theoretical isochrones and limb-darkening coefficients. Since it is easy to automate, this method lends itself to systematic analyses of data sets consisting of photometric time series of large numbers of stars, such as those produced by OGLE, MACHO, TIES, HAT, and many others surveys.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Devor, J (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM jdevor@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 61
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 1
BP 647
EP 656
DI 10.1086/508609
PN 1
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118AG
UT WOS:000242913800055
ER
PT J
AU Park, S
Mori, K
Kargaltsev, O
Slane, PO
Hughes, JP
Burrows, DN
Garmire, GP
Pavlov, GG
AF Park, Sangwook
Mori, Koji
Kargaltsev, Oleg
Slane, Patrick O.
Hughes, John P.
Burrows, David N.
Garmire, Gordon P.
Pavlov, George G.
TI Discovery of a candidate central compact object in the Galactic
nonthermal SNR G330.2+1.0
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM : individual (SNR G330.2+1.0); stars : neutron; supernova remnants;
X-rays : stars
ID CCD IMAGING SPECTROMETER; SUPERNOVA REMNANT G347.3-0.5; CHARGE-TRANSFER
INEFFICIENCY; X-RAY-EMISSION; NEUTRON-STAR; SHELL; G266.2-1.2; PLANE
AB We report on the discovery of a pointlike source (CXOU J160103.1-513353) at the center of the Galactic supernova remnant (SNR) G330.2+1.0 with Chandra X-Ray Observatory. The X-ray spectrum fits a blackbody model with kT similar to 0.49 keV, implying a small emission region of R similar to 0.4 km at the distance of 5 kpc. The estimated X-ray luminosity is L-x similar to 1 x 10(33) ergs s-(1) in the 1-10 keV band. A power-law model may also fit the observed spectrum, but the fit results in a very large photon index, T similar to 5. We find no counterparts at other wavelengths. The X-ray emission was steady over the similar to 13 hr observation period, showing no variability. While we find marginal evidence for X-ray pulsations (P approximate to 7.5 s), the presence of a pulsar at the position of this object is not conclusive with the current data, requiring an independent confirmation. These results are generally consistent with an interpretation of this object as a central compact object associated with SNR G330.2+1.0.
C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
Miyazaki Univ, Dept Appl Phys, Miyazaki 8892192, Japan.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
RP Park, S (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
NR 25
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 1
BP L37
EP L40
DI 10.1086/510366
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118AI
UT WOS:000242914000010
ER
PT J
AU Winn, JN
Johnson, JA
Marcy, GW
Butler, RP
Vogt, SS
Henry, GW
Roussanova, A
Holman, MJ
Enya, K
Narita, N
Suto, Y
Turner, EL
AF Winn, Joshua N.
Johnson, John Asher
Marcy, Geoffrey W.
Butler, R. Paul
Vogt, Steven S.
Henry, Gregory W.
Roussanova, Anna
Holman, Matthew J.
Enya, Keigo
Narita, Norio
Suto, Yasushi
Turner, Edwin L.
TI Measurement of the spin-orbit alignment in the exoplanetary system HD
189733
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE planetary systems; planetary systems : formation; stars : individual (HD
189733); stars : rotation
ID TRANSITING EXTRASOLAR PLANET; STATISTICAL PROPERTIES; 51 PEGASI; SEARCH;
SOLAR; STAR; MIGRATION; COMPANION; SPECTRA
AB We present spectroscopy of a transit of the exoplanet HD 189733b. By modeling the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect (the anomalous Doppler shift due to the partial eclipse of the rotating stellar surface), we find the angle between the sky projections of the stellar spin axis and orbit normal to be lambda=-1 degrees 4 +/- 1 degrees 1. This is the third case of a "hot Jupiter" for which lambda has been measured. In all three cases lambda is small, ruling out random orientations with 99.96% confidence, and suggesting that the inward migration of hot Jupiters generally preserves spin-orbit alignment.
C1 MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, UCO, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
Tennessee State Univ, Ctr Excellence Informat Syst, Nashville, TN 37209 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan.
Univ Tokyo, Dept Phys, Tokyo 1130033, Japan.
Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Winn, JN (reprint author), MIT, Dept Phys, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RI Butler, Robert/B-1125-2009; Turner, Edwin/A-4295-2011
NR 34
TC 93
Z9 93
U1 0
U2 7
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 10
PY 2006
VL 653
IS 1
BP L69
EP L72
DI 10.1086/510528
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 118AI
UT WOS:000242914000018
ER
PT J
AU Golombek, MP
Grant, JA
Crumpler, LS
Greeley, R
Arvidson, RE
Bell, JF
Weitz, CM
Sullivan, R
Christensen, PR
Soderblom, LA
Squyres, SW
AF Golombek, M. P.
Grant, J. A.
Crumpler, L. S.
Greeley, R.
Arvidson, R. E.
Bell, J. F., III
Weitz, C. M.
Sullivan, R.
Christensen, P. R.
Soderblom, L. A.
Squyres, S. W.
TI Erosion rates at the Mars Exploration Rover landing sites and long-term
climate change on Mars
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
ID MINI-TES EXPERIMENT; MERIDIANI-PLANUM; GUSEV CRATER; SPIRIT ROVER;
OPPORTUNITY ROVER; MARTIAN HIGHLANDS; ATMOSPHERIC DUST; IMPACT CRATERS;
MAADIM-VALLIS; EVOLUTION
AB [1] Erosion rates derived from the Gusev cratered plains and the erosion of weak sulfates by saltating sand at Meridiani Planum are so slow that they argue that the present dry and desiccating environment has persisted since the Early Hesperian. In contrast, sedimentary rocks at Meridiani formed in the presence of groundwater and occasional surface water, and many Columbia Hills rocks at Gusev underwent aqueous alteration during the Late Noachian, approximately coeval with a wide variety of geomorphic indicators that indicate a wetter and likely warmer environment. Two-toned rocks, elevated ventifacts, and perched and undercut rocks indicate localized deflation of the Gusev plains and deposition of an equivalent amount of sediment into craters to form hollows, suggesting average erosion rates of similar to 0.03 nm/yr. Erosion of Hesperian craters, modification of Late Amazonian craters, and the concentration of hematite concretions in the soils of Meridiani yield slightly higher average erosion rates of 1-10 nm/yr in the Amazonian. These erosion rates are 2-5 orders of magnitude lower than the slowest continental denudation rates on Earth, indicating that liquid water was not an active erosional agent. Erosion rates for Meridiani just before deposition of the sulfate-rich sediments and other eroded Noachian areas are comparable with slow denudation rates on Earth that are dominated by liquid water. Available data suggest the climate change at the landing sites from wet and likely warm to dry and desiccating occurred sometime between the Late Noachian and the beginning of the Late Hesperian (3.7-3.5 Ga).
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Arizona State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
New Mexico Museum Nat hist & Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87104 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
RP Golombek, MP (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM mgolombek@jpl.nasa.gov
NR 90
TC 93
Z9 93
U1 2
U2 28
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9097
EI 2169-9100
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD DEC 8
PY 2006
VL 111
IS E12
AR E12S10
DI 10.1029/2006JE002754
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 115TI
UT WOS:000242756300004
ER
PT J
AU Mendelson, JR
Lips, KR
Diffendorfer, JE
Gagliardo, RW
Rabb, GB
Collins, JP
Daszak, P
Ibanez, R
Zippel, KC
Stuart, SN
Gascon, C
Da Silva, HR
Burrowes, PA
Lacy, RC
Bolanos, F
Coloma, LA
Wright, KM
Wake, DB
AF Mendelson, Joseph R., III
Lips, Karen R.
Diffendorfer, James E.
Gagliardo, Ronald W.
Rabb, George B.
Collins, James P.
Daszak, Peter
Ibanez D., Roberto
Zippel, Kevin C.
Stuart, Simon N.
Gascon, Claude
Da Silva, H_lio R.
Burrowes, Patricia A.
Lacy, Robert C.
Bolanos, Federico
Coloma, Luis A.
Wright, Kevin M.
Wake, David B.
TI Responding to amphibian loss - Response
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
ID CHYTRID FUNGUS; DECLINES
C1 Zoo Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30315 USA.
So Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
Atlanta Bot Garden, Atlanta, GA 30309 USA.
Chicago Zool Soc, Brookfield, IL 60513 USA.
Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
Wildlife Trust, Consortium Conservat Med, New York, NY 10001 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Unit 0948, APO, AA 34002 USA.
Univ Panama, Dept Zool, Panama City, Panama.
UICN SSC Conservat Breeding Specialist Grp, Apple Valley, MN 55124 USA.
Conservat Int, IUCN SSC CI CABS, Biodivers Assessment Unit, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
Univ Fed Rural Rio de Janeiro, IB DBA, BR-23851970 Seropedica, RJ, Brazil.
Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA.
Chicago Zool Soc, Dept Conservat Biol, Brookfield, IL 60513 USA.
Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Pedro, Costa Rica.
Pontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Escuela Biol, Ctr Biodiversidad & Ambiente, Museo Zool, Quito, Ecuador.
Natl Aquarium, Baltimore, MD 21202 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Mendelson, JR (reprint author), Zoo Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30315 USA.
NR 9
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD DEC 8
PY 2006
VL 314
IS 5805
BP 1541
EP 1542
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 113UX
UT WOS:000242624600018
ER
PT J
AU Cesaroni, R
Galli, D
Lodato, G
Walmsley, M
Zhang, QZ
AF Cesaroni, Riccardo
Galli, Daniele
Lodato, Giuseppe
Walmsley, Malcolm
Zhang, Qizhou
TI The critical role of disks in the formation of high-mass stars
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID GRAVITATING ACCRETION DISCS; MAIN-SEQUENCE EVOLUTION; MOLECULAR CLOUDS;
PROTOSTAR; OUTFLOWS; STELLAR; COLLAPSE; OBJECT; SYSTEM; DUST
AB Although massive stars ( commonly defined as those in excess of about eight solar masses, or with initial luminosities of a thousand times the solar luminosity or more) have an enormous impact on the galactic environment, how they form has been a mystery. The solution probably involves the existence of accretion disks. Rotational motions have been found in the gas surrounding young high-mass stars, which suggests that non-spherical accretion could be the fundamental ingredient of the massive-star formation recipe.
C1 Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Cesaroni, R (reprint author), Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, Largo E Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy.
EM cesa@arcetri.inaf.it
OI Galli, Daniele/0000-0001-7706-6049; Cesaroni,
Riccardo/0000-0002-2430-5103; Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589
NR 50
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 4
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD DEC 7
PY 2006
VL 444
IS 7120
BP 703
EP 706
DI 10.1038/nature05344
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 113EL
UT WOS:000242581100048
PM 17151657
ER
PT J
AU Beadell, JS
Ishtiaq, F
Covas, R
Melo, M
Warren, BH
Atkinson, CT
Bensch, S
Graves, GR
Jhala, YV
Peirce, MA
Rahmani, AR
Fonseca, DM
Fleischer, RC
AF Beadell, Jon S.
Ishtiaq, Farah
Covas, Rita
Melo, Martim
Warren, Ben H.
Atkinson, Carter T.
Bensch, Staffan
Graves, Gary R.
Jhala, Yadvendradev V.
Peirce, Mike A.
Rahmani, Asad R.
Fonseca, Dina M.
Fleischer, Robert C.
TI Global phylogeographic limits of Hawaii's avian malaria
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE avian malaria; Plasmodium relictum; Hawaii; phylogeography
ID EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS; HOST-SPECIFICITY; BLOOD PARASITES; LESSER
ANTILLES; CYTOCHROME-B; PLASMODIUM; PREVALENCE; BIRDS; POPULATIONS;
EXTINCTION
AB The introduction of avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) to Hawaii has provided a model system for studying the influence of exotic disease on naive host populations. Little is known, however, about the origin or the genetic variation of Hawaii's malaria and traditional classification methods have confounded attempts to place the parasite within a global ecological and evolutionary context. Using fragments of the parasite mitochondrial gene cytochrome b and the nuclear gene dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase obtained from a global survey of greater than 13 000 avian samples, we show that Hawaii's avian malaria, which can cause high mortality and is a major limiting factor for many species of native passerines, represents just one of the numerous lineages composing the morphological parasite species. The single parasite lineage detected in Hawaii exhibits a broad host distribution worldwide and is dominant on several other remote oceanic islands, including Bermuda and Moorea, French Polynesia. The rarity of this lineage in the continental New World and the restriction of closely related lineages to the Old World suggest limitations to the transmission of reproductively isolated parasite groups within the morphological species.
C1 Natl Zool Pk, Genet Program, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Univ Edinburgh, Inst Evolut Biol, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, Midlothian, Scotland.
Univ Reading, Sch Plant Sci, Reading RG6 6AS, Berks, England.
Lund Univ, Dept Anim Ecol, S-22362 Lund, Sweden.
Smithsonian Inst, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Wildlife Inst India, Dehra Dun 248001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
MP Int Consultancy, Bexhill On Sea TN39 3NZ, E Sussex, England.
Bombay Nat Hist Soc, Bombay 400023, Maharashtra, India.
Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA.
RP Beadell, JS (reprint author), Natl Zool Pk, Genet Program, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
EM beadellj@si.edu; fleischerr@si.edu
RI Melo, Martim/L-7704-2013;
OI Melo, Martim/0000-0003-1394-4361; Covas, Rita/0000-0001-7130-144X;
Fonseca, Dina/0000-0003-4726-7100
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM063258, R01 GM063258]
NR 42
TC 127
Z9 129
U1 3
U2 44
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
EI 1471-2954
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD DEC 7
PY 2006
VL 273
IS 1604
BP 2935
EP 2944
DI 10.1098/rspb.2006.3671
PG 10
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 103XK
UT WOS:000241920300004
PM 17015360
ER
PT J
AU Parenti, LR
AF Parenti, Lynne R.
TI Typhlichthys eigenmanni Charlton, 1933, an available name for a blind
cavefish (Teleostei : Amblyopsidae), differentiated on the basis of
characters of the central nervous system
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE blind cavefishes; Typhlichthys eigenmanni; Amplyopsidae; optic tectum;
vouchers; Missouri
AB Typhlichthys eigenmanni Charlton, 1933 was described inadvertently in a richly illustrated publication on the comparative anatomy of the central nervous system of blind cavefishes. Characters described by Charlton ( 1933) are sufficient to differentiate the species from Amblyopsis rosae ( Eigenmann, 1898), with which he compared it in a detailed examination of the optic tectum, the primary visual center of the brain. These characters are: 1) a relatively narrow optic nerve, 2) a relatively large tractus mesencephalo-cerebellaris anterior; 3) the rostral bundle of the fibrae tectales nervi optici ascending in front of the nucleus dorsali thalami as opposed to coursing around its anterior pole; and, 4) relatively small brachia tecti. Efforts to locate Charlton's type specimens of T. eigenmanni, likely histological slides, have not been successful. The type locality is Ha Ha Tonka State Park, Camden Co., Missouri. Putative topotypes are catalogued in collections of the University of Michigan, Museum of Zoology. Typhlichthys eigenmanni Charlton, 1933 is a subjective synonym of T. subterraneus Girard, 1859, the Southern Cavefish.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Fisheries, MRC NHB 159, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Parenti, LR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Fisheries, MRC NHB 159, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM parentil@si.edu
NR 12
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD DEC 7
PY 2006
IS 1374
BP 55
EP 59
PG 5
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 114BD
UT WOS:000242640800002
ER
PT J
AU Powell, TL
Bracho, R
Li, JH
Dore, S
Hinkle, CR
Drake, BG
AF Powell, Thomas L.
Bracho, Rosvel
Li, Jiahong
Dore, Sabina
Hinkle, C. Ross
Drake, Bert G.
TI Environmental controls over net ecosystem carbon exchange of scrub oak
in central Florida
SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE eddy flux; subtropical; scrub oak; net ecosystem exchange; net ecosystem
production; ecosystem respiration; soil respiration; carbon balance
ID WATER-VAPOR EXCHANGE; TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST; ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC
CO2; SLASH PINE PLANTATION; DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; EDDY COVARIANCE; FLUX
MEASUREMENTS; NORTH FLORIDA; RAIN-FOREST; PHOTOSYNTHESIS
AB Biological and physical controls regulating variation of seasonal and interannual ecosystem carbon exchange in a scrub oak ecosystem in central Florida were determined by measuring net ecosystem exchange of CO, (NEE) between the atmosphere and vegetation using the eddy covariance technique continuously for 6 years (April 2000-March 2006). Total net ecosystem production (NEP) was nearly 20 t C m(-2) during the 6-year study and annual NEP for each pheriological year (April-March) increased annually from 107 to 467 g C m(-2) year(-1). Although this ecosystem was productive during all parts of each year, greatest absolute values of daytime NEE (NEEday max) were -12.0 to -16.0 mu mol CO2 m(-2) s(-1) in the summertime when leaf area, air temperature and soil moisture peaked. NEEday max decreased in magnitude to its lowest point in March when leaf area was lowest, and ranged between -7.6 and -9.8 mu mol CO2 m(-2) s(-1) Mean monthly nighttime NEE (NEEnight) was between 2.0 and 6.9 mu mol CO2 m(-2) s(-1) in the winter and summer, respectively, and was controlled primarily by temperature. Variation in seasonal NEP in this ecosystem occurred in three distinct phases. The first phase occurred in April through May with the emergence of new leaves and when soil respiration was low: daily carbon assimilation (1.0-2.4 g C m(-2) day(-1)) was greatest during this 2-month period during which an average 38% of annual C assimilation occurred. During the second phase, June-September, the rate of carbon uptake (0.8-1.6 g C m(-2) day(-1)) was dependent mainly on variation in temperature, precipitation and VPD; on average, only 12% of annual carbon assimilation occurred during these 4 months and in dry years (2000 and 2001), the ecosystem was a carbon source during this period. During the third phase, October March, daily carbon assimilation (0.3-1.1 g C m(-2) day(-1)) was intermediate between the first two phases, and accounted for nearly 50% of annual carbon accumulated during these 6 months. While mean daily NEP was highest in spring, NEEday reached its greatest intensity in summer. In order of importance, PPFD, temperature, SWC, LAI, and VPD regulated NEEday. Temperature and SWC were the main environmental variables controlling soil respiration, which was more than 85% of ecosystem respiration. Scrub oak represents a unique ecosystem in the southeastern US and within the Ameriflux network. These results are unique in establishing the role scrub oak plays in landscape and regional carbon budgets of this subtropical, evergreen, fire dependent and highly active ecosystem. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
CNR, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA.
No Arizona Univ, Dept Sci Biol, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
Gen Dynam Corp, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA.
RP Drake, BG (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
EM drakeb@si.edu
RI Powell, Thomas/F-9877-2016
OI Powell, Thomas/0000-0002-3516-7164
NR 50
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 2
U2 28
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-1923
J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL
JI Agric. For. Meteorol.
PD DEC 6
PY 2006
VL 141
IS 1
BP 19
EP 34
DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2006.09.002
PG 16
WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 122DD
UT WOS:000243205000002
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, HE
Li, X
Zhao, YX
Ferguson, DK
Hueber, F
Bera, S
Wang, YF
Zhao, LC
Liu, CJ
Li, CS
AF Jiang, Hong-En
Li, Xiao
Zhao, You-Xing
Ferguson, David K.
Hueber, Francis
Bera, Subir
Wang, Yu-Fei
Zhao, Liang-Cheng
Liu, Chang-Jiang
Li, Cheng-Sen
TI A new insight into Cannabis sativa (Cannabaceae) utilization from
2500-year-old Yanghai Tombs, Xinjiang, China
SO JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cannabis sativa L.; palaeoethnobotany; Yanghai Tombs; Xinjiang; China
ID CHEMOTAXONOMIC ANALYSIS; TRICHOMES; PLANTS
AB A cache of shoots, leaves and fruits dated by C-14 at 2500 years B.P. were unearthed in the Yanghai Tombs, Turpan District in Xinjiang, China. By comparing the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the plant remains found in the tomb and specimens of modem plants, it is shown that the remains belong to Cannabis. Based on the shamanistic background of the deceased man and ancient customs, it is assumed that the Cannabis was utilized for ritual/medicinal purposes. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Lab Systemat & Evolut Bot, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China.
Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China.
Bur Cultural Rel Turpan Prefecture, Xinjiang 838000, Peoples R China.
Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, State Key Lab Phytochem & Plant Resources W China, Kunming 650204, Peoples R China.
Univ Vienna, Inst Palaeontol, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Univ Calcutta, Dept Bot, Kolkata 700019, W Bengal, India.
Beijing Forestry Univ, Coll Biol Sci & Biotechnol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
Beijing Museum Nat Hist, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China.
RP Li, CS (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Dept Palaeobot, 20 Nan Xin Cun, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China.
EM lics@ibcas.ac.cn
NR 39
TC 45
Z9 50
U1 4
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0378-8741
J9 J ETHNOPHARMACOL
JI J. Ethnopharmacol.
PD DEC 6
PY 2006
VL 108
IS 3
BP 414
EP 422
DI 10.1016/j.jep.2006.05.034
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary
Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary
Medicine
GA 114ZK
UT WOS:000242704000016
PM 16879937
ER
PT J
AU Dworschak, PC
Marin, I
Anker, A
AF Dworschak, Peter C.
Marin, Ivan
Anker, Arthur
TI A new species of Naushonia Kingsley, 1897 (Decapoda : Thalassinidea :
Laomediidae) from Vietnam and the Philippines with notes on the genus
Espeleonaushonia Juarrero & Martinez-Iglesias, 1997
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Naushonia; Espeleonaushonia; new species; genus redefinition; Vietnam;
Philippines; Laomediidae; Callianassidae; Indo-West Pacific
AB Naushonia carinata n. sp. is described from five specimens collected from burrows of the large-sized callianassid shrimp, Glypturus armatus ( A. Milne-Edwards, 1870), in Nha Trang Bay, Vietnam, and Panglao I., Philippines. The new species differs from all other congeners by the presence of one median and two submedian carinae on first to fifth abdominal somites and broad propodi of the chelipeds. The genus Espeleonaushonia Juarrero & Martnez-Iglesias, 1997 is redefined and the cave inhabiting laomediid, Naushonia manningi Alvarez, Villalobos & Iliffe, 2000, from the Bahamas, is transferred to this genus.
C1 Nat Hist Museum, Dritte Zool Abt, A-1010 Vienna, Austria.
Russian Acad Sci, Lab Ecol & Morphol Marine Invertebrates, AN Severtzov Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow 117071, Russia.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Naos Unit 0948, Miami, FL 34002 USA.
RP Dworschak, PC (reprint author), Nat Hist Museum, Dritte Zool Abt, Burgring 7, A-1010 Vienna, Austria.
EM Peter.Dworschak@nhm-wien.ac.at
RI Dworschak, Peter/O-4031-2015
OI Dworschak, Peter/0000-0003-4705-6426
NR 28
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD DEC 4
PY 2006
IS 1372
BP 1
EP 16
PG 16
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 112AO
UT WOS:000242497600001
ER
PT J
AU Kerr, SF
Emmons, LH
Melby, PC
Liu, C
Perez, LE
Villegas, M
Miranda, R
AF Kerr, Sara F.
Emmons, Louise H.
Melby, Peter C.
Liu, Chang
Perez, Luis E.
Villegas, Maria
Miranda, Robert
TI Leishmania amazonensis infections in Oryzomys acritus and Oryzomys
nitidus from Bolivia
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; PALEARCTIC ORIGIN; BRAZIL; FOCUS; EPIDEMIOLOGY;
VECTOR; STATE
AB Three of thirteen Oryzomys acritus, Emmons and Patton 2005 (Rodentia: Muridae: Sigmodontinae) and 3 of 17 Oryzomys nitidus, Thomas 1884, collected from Noel Kempff National Park, Bolivia, from 2002 to 2005, tested positive for Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis or L. (L.) mexicana and negative for Leishmania (Viannia) spp. using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Based on previous records of L. (L.) amazonensis in humans, rodents, and sand flies from Bolivia, and the geographic distributions of L. (L.) amazonensis and L. (L.) mexicana, it was concluded that the Orvzomys were infected with L. (L.) amazonensis. These results identify two additional species of Oryzomys as hosts of L. (L.) amazonensis, and identify an ecological region of Bolivia where L. (L.) amazonensis is enzootic.
C1 Univ Incarnate Word, Dept Biol, San Antonio, TX 78209 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
RP Kerr, SF (reprint author), Univ Incarnate Word, Dept Biol, 4301 Broadway, San Antonio, TX 78209 USA.
EM kerr@uiwtx.edu
FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM55337]; PHS HHS [H75/CCH615041]
NR 24
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 75
IS 6
BP 1069
EP 1073
PG 5
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 117OC
UT WOS:000242881600008
PM 17172367
ER
PT J
AU Kerin, EJ
Gilmour, CC
Roden, E
Suzuki, MT
Coates, JD
Mason, RP
AF Kerin, E. J.
Gilmour, C. C.
Roden, E.
Suzuki, M. T.
Coates, J. D.
Mason, R. P.
TI Mercury methylation by dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DESULFOBULBUS-PROPIONICUS 1PR3; FRESH-WATER SEDIMENTS; CHAIN
FATTY-ACIDS; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; SP-NOV; PURE CULTURES; REDUCTION;
METHYLMERCURY; MICROORGANISM; OXIDATION
AB The Hg-methylating ability of dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria in the genera Geobacter, Desulfuromonas, and Shewanella was examined. All of the Geobacter and Desuylfuromonas strains tested methylated mercury while reducing Fe(III), nitrate, or fumarate. In contrast, none of the Shewanella strains produced methylmercury at higher levels than abiotic controls under similar culture conditions. Geobacter and Desulforomonas are closely related to known Hg-methylating sulfate-reducing bacteria within the Deltaproteobacteria.
C1 Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geol & Geophys, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Ecol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
RP Gilmour, CC (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28,647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
EM gilmourc@si.edu
RI Mason, Robert/A-6829-2011; Suzuki, Marcelino/D-3329-2009; Gilmour,
Cynthia/G-1784-2010
OI Suzuki, Marcelino/0000-0003-3868-6362; Gilmour,
Cynthia/0000-0002-1720-9498
NR 27
TC 209
Z9 219
U1 9
U2 102
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 72
IS 12
BP 7919
EP 7921
DI 10.1128/AEM.01602-06
PG 3
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 114QS
UT WOS:000242681300065
PM 17056699
ER
PT J
AU Warrant, EJ
Kelber, A
Wallen, R
Wcislo, WT
AF Warrant, Eric J.
Kelber, Almut
Wallen, Rita
Wcislo, William T.
TI Ocellar optics in nocturnal and diurnal bees and wasps
SO ARTHROPOD STRUCTURE & DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE ocellus; nocturnal vision; bee; wasp; optics; resolution; sensitivity
ID DRAGONFLY MEDIAN OCELLUS; NEURAL ORGANIZATION; MEGALOPTA-GENALIS;
APOICA-PALLENS; HALICTID BEE; DESERT ANT; ORIENTATION; LIGHT;
HYMENOPTERA; PATTERNS
AB Nocturnal bees, wasps and ants have considerably larger ocelli than their diurnal relatives, suggesting an active role in vision at night. In a first step to understanding what this role might be, the morphology and physiological optics of ocelli were investigated in three tropical rainforest species - the nocturnal Sweat bee Megalopta genalis. the nocturnal paper wasp Apoica pallens and the diurnal paper wasp Polistes occidentalis - using hanging-drop techniques and standard histological methods. Ocellar image quality, in addition to lens focal length and back focal distance, was determined in all three species. During flight, the ocellar receptive fields of both nocturnal species are centred very dorsally, possibly in order to maximise sensitivity to the narrow dorsal field of light that enters through gaps in the rainforest canopy. Since all ocelli investigated had a slightly oval shape, images were found to be astigmatic: images formed by the major axis of the ocellus were located further froin the proxiinal surface of the lens than inia-es formed by file ninlor axis. Despite being astioniatic, iniages forined at either focal plane were reasonably sharp in all ocelli investigated. When compared to the position of the retina below the lens, measurement of back focal distance reveal that the ocelli of Megalopta are highly underfocused and unable to resolve spatial detail. This together with their very large and tightly packed rhabdoms suggests a role in making sensitive measurement of ambient light intensity. In contrast, the ocelli of the two wasps form images near the proximal boundary of the retina. Suggesting file potential for modest resolving power. In light of these results, possible roles for ocelli in nocturnal bees and wasps are discussed, including the hypothesis that they might be involved in nocturnal homing and navigation, using two main cues: the spatial pattern of bright patches of daylight visible through file rainforest canopy, and compass information obtained from polarised skylight (from the setting sun or the moon) that penetrates these patches. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Lund Univ, Dept Cell & Organism Biol, S-22362 Lund, Sweden.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Warrant, EJ (reprint author), Lund Univ, Dept Cell & Organism Biol, Zool Bldg,Helgonavagen 3, S-22362 Lund, Sweden.
EM eric.warrant@cob.lu.se
RI Kelber, Almut/H-6216-2014
OI Kelber, Almut/0000-0003-3937-2808
NR 51
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1467-8039
J9 ARTHROPOD STRUCT DEV
JI Arthropod Struct. Dev.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 35
IS 4
BP 293
EP 305
DI 10.1016/j.asd.2006.08.012
PG 13
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 122CY
UT WOS:000243204500008
PM 18089077
ER
PT J
AU Geller, MJ
Kenyon, SJ
Barton, EJ
Jarrett, TH
Kewley, LJ
AF Geller, Margaret J.
Kenyon, Scott J.
Barton, Elizabeth J.
Jarrett, Thomas H.
Kewley, Lisa J.
TI Infrared properties of close pairs of galaxies
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : interactions; galaxies : photometry; galaxies : starburst
ID PISCES-PERSEUS SUPERCLUSTER; STAR-FORMATION RATES; CFA REDSHIFT SURVEY;
NEARBY FIELD GALAXIES; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; 21 CM SURVEY; INTERACTING
GALAXIES; MERGING GALAXIES; SPIRAL GALAXIES; STELLAR POPULATIONS
AB We discuss spectroscopy and IR photometry for a complete sample of similar to 800 galaxies in close pairs objectively selected from the second Center for Astrophysics redshift survey. We use the Two Micron All Sky Survey to compare near-IR color-color diagrams for our sample with the Nearby Field Galaxy Sample and with a set of IRAS flux-limited pairs from Surace and coworkers. We construct a basic statistical model to explore the physical sources of the substantial differences among these samples. The model explains the spread of near-IR colors and is consistent with a picture in which central star formation is triggered by the galaxy-galaxy interaction before a merger occurs. For 160 galaxies we report new, deep JHK photometry within our spectroscopic aperture, and we use the combined spectroscopic and photometric data to explore the physical conditions in the central bursts. We find a set of objects with H-K >= 0: 45 and with a large F-FIR/F-H. We interpret the very red H-K colors as evidence for 600-1000 K dust within compact star-forming regions, perhaps similar to super star clusters identified in individual well-studied interacting galaxies. The galaxies in our sample are candidate "hidden'' bursts or, possibly, "hidden'' active galactic nuclei. Over the entire pair sample, both spectroscopic and photometric data show that the specific star formation rate decreases with the projected separation of the pair. The data suggest that the near-IR color-color diagram is also a function of the projected separation; all of the objects with central near-IR colors indicative of bursts of star formation lie at small projected separation.
C1 Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
CALTECH, Jet Propuls Lab, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Geller, MJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM mgeller@cfa.harvard.edu; skenyon@cfa.harvard.edu; ebarton@uci.edu;
jarrett@ipac.caltech.edu; kewley@ifa.hawaii.edu
OI Kenyon, Scott/0000-0003-0214-609X
NR 93
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 132
IS 6
BP 2243
EP 2259
DI 10.1086/508258
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MC
UT WOS:000242529100003
ER
PT J
AU Meixner, M
Gordon, KD
Indebetouw, R
Hora, JL
Whitney, B
Blum, R
Reach, W
Bernard, JP
Meade, M
Babler, B
Engelbracht, CW
For, BQ
Misselt, K
Vijh, U
Leitherer, C
Cohen, M
Churchwell, EB
Boulanger, F
Frogel, JA
Fukui, Y
Gallagher, J
Gorjian, V
Harris, J
Kelly, D
Kawamura, A
Kim, S
Latter, WB
Madden, S
Markwick-Kemper, C
Mizuno, A
Mizuno, N
Mould, J
Nota, A
Oey, MS
Olsen, K
Onishi, T
Paladini, R
Panagia, N
Perez-Gonzalez, P
Shibai, H
Sato, S
Smith, L
Staveley-Smith, L
Tielens, AGGM
Ueta, T
Van Dyk, S
Volk, K
Werner, M
Zaritsky, D
AF Meixner, Margaret
Gordon, Karl D.
Indebetouw, Remy
Hora, Joseph L.
Whitney, Barbara
Blum, Robert
Reach, William
Bernard, Jean-Philippe
Meade, Marilyn
Babler, Brian
Engelbracht, Charles W.
For, Bi-Qing
Misselt, Karl
Vijh, Uma
Leitherer, Claus
Cohen, Martin
Churchwell, Ed B.
Boulanger, Francois
Frogel, Jay A.
Fukui, Yasuo
Gallagher, Jay
Gorjian, Varoujan
Harris, Jason
Kelly, Douglas
Kawamura, Akiko
Kim, SoYoung
Latter, William B.
Madden, Suzanne
Markwick-Kemper, Ciska
Mizuno, Akira
Mizuno, Norikazu
Mould, Jeremy
Nota, Antonella
Oey, M. S.
Olsen, Knut
Onishi, Toshikazu
Paladini, Roberta
Panagia, Nino
Perez-Gonzalez, Pablo
Shibai, Hiroshi
Sato, Shuji
Smith, Linda
Staveley-Smith, Lister
Tielens, A. G. G. M.
Ueta, Toshiya
Van Dyk, Schuyler
Volk, Kevin
Werner, Michael
Zaritsky, Dennis
TI Spitzer survey of the Large Magellanic Cloud: Surveying the agents of a
galaxy's evolution (sage). I. Overview and initial results
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE dust; extinction; ISM : general; Magellanic Clouds; stars : AGB and
post-AGB; stars : formation; stars : mass loss; supergiants; surveys
ID STAR-FORMATION HISTORY; INFRARED ARRAY CAMERA; COLOR-MAGNITUDE DIAGRAMS;
GIANT MOLECULAR CLOUDS; SPACE-TELESCOPE; DWARF GALAXIES; CO SURVEY;
ABSOLUTE CALIBRATION; STELLAR POPULATIONS; INTERSTELLAR DUST
AB We are performing a uniform and unbiased imaging survey of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC; similar to 7 degrees x 7 degrees) using the IRAC (3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8 mu m) and MIPS (24, 70, and 160 mu m) instruments on board the Spitzer Space Telescope in the Surveying the Agents of a Galaxy's Evolution (SAGE) survey, these agents being the interstellar medium (ISM) and stars in the LMC. This paper provides an overview of the SAGE Legacy project, including observing strategy, data processing, and initial results. Three key science goals determined the coverage and depth of the survey. The detection of diffuse ISM with column densities > 1: 2; 1021 H cm(-2) permits detailed studies of dust processes in the ISM. SAGE's point-source sensitivity enables a complete census of newly formed stars with masses > 3 M-circle dot that will determine the current star formation rate in the LMC. SAGE's detection of evolved stars with mass-loss rates > 1 x 10(-8) M-circle dot yr(-1) will quantify the rate at which evolved stars inject mass into the ISM of the LMC. The observing strategy includes two epochs in 2005, separated by 3 months, that both mitigate instrumental artifacts and constrain source variability. The SAGE data are nonproprietary. The data processing includes IRAC and MIPS pipelines and a database for mining the point-source catalogs, which will be released to the community in support of Spitzer proposal cycles 4 and 5. We present initial results on the epoch 1 data for a region near N79 and N83. The MIPS 70 and 160 mu m images of the diffuse dust emission of the N79/N83 region reveal a similar distribution to the gas emissions, especially the H I 21 cm emission. The measured point-source sensitivity for the epoch 1 data is consistent with expectations for the survey. The point-source counts are highest for the IRAC 3.6 mu m band and decrease dramatically toward longer wavelengths, consistent with the fact that stars dominate the point-source catalogs and the dusty objects detected at the longer wavelengths are rare in comparison. The SAGE epoch 1 point-source catalog has similar to 4 x 10(6) sources, and more are anticipated when the epoch 1 and 2 data are combined. Using Milky Way ( MW) templates as a guide, we adopt a simplified point-source classification to identify three candidate groups-stars without dust, dusty evolved stars, and young stellar objects-that offer a starting point for this work. We outline a strategy for identifying foreground MW stars, which may comprise as much as 18% of the source list, and background galaxies, which may comprise similar to 12% of the source list.
C1 Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, La Serena, Chile.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, Direct Rech, F-31055 Toulouse, France.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Radio Astron Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, UPR 341, F-75014 Paris, France.
Assoc Univ Res Astron Inc, Washington, DC 20005 USA.
Nagoya Univ, Dept Astrophys, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 46401, Japan.
Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Commissart Energie Atom Saclay, Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA.
Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
CSIRO, Head Off, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia.
NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SOFIA Off, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
Gemini Observ, No Operat Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RP Meixner, M (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM meixner@stsci.edu; kgordon@as.arizona.edu; remy@virginia.edu;
jhora@cfa.harvard.edu; bwhitney@spacescience.org; rblum@ctio.noao.edu;
reach@ipac.caltech.edu; jean-philippe.bernard@cesr.fr;
meade@sal.wisc.edu; brian@sal.wisc.edu; cengelbracht@as.arizona.edu;
biqing@email.arizona.edu; kmisselt@as.arizona.edu; vijh@stsci.edu;
leitherer@stsci.edu; mcohen@astro.berkeley.edu; ebc@astro.wisc.edu;
francois.boulanger@ias.u-psud.fr; jfrogel@aura-astronomy.org;
fukui@a.phys.nagoya-u.ac.jp; jsg@astro.wisc.edu;
varoujan.gorjian@jpl.nasa.gov; jharris@as.arizona.edu;
dkelly@as.arizona.edu; kawamura@a.phys.nagoya-u.ac.jp;
sykim@pha.jhu.edu; smadden@cea.fr; fk2n@virginia.edu;
mizuno@a.phys.nagoya-u.ac.jp; mizuno@a.phys.nagoya-u.ac.jp;
jmould@noao.edu; nota@stsci.edu; msoey@umich.edu; kolsen@ctio.noao.edu;
ohnishi@a.phys.nagoya-u.ac.jp; paladini@ipac.caltech.edu;
panagia@stsci.edu; pgperez@as.arizona.edu; shibai@nagoya-u.jp;
ssato@z.phys.nagoya-u.ac.jp; ljs@zuaxp0.star.ucl.ac.uk;
lister.staveley-smith@csiro.au; tielens@astro.rug.nl;
tueta@mail.sofia.usra.edu; vandyk@ipac.caltech.edu; kvolk@gemini.edu;
mwerner@sirtfweb.jpl.nasa.gov; dennis@fishingholes.as.arizona.edu
RI Reach, William/C-4710-2008; Staveley-Smith, Lister/A-1683-2011; Kemper,
Francisca/D-8688-2011; Perez-Gonzalez, Pablo/J-2871-2016;
OI Staveley-Smith, Lister/0000-0002-8057-0294; Kemper,
Francisca/0000-0003-2743-8240; Perez-Gonzalez,
Pablo/0000-0003-4528-5639; Babler, Brian/0000-0002-6984-5752; Hora,
Joseph/0000-0002-5599-4650; Reach, William/0000-0001-8362-4094; Van Dyk,
Schuyler/0000-0001-9038-9950
NR 77
TC 402
Z9 402
U1 0
U2 8
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
EI 1538-3881
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 132
IS 6
BP 2268
EP 2288
DI 10.1086/508185
PG 21
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MC
UT WOS:000242529100005
ER
PT J
AU Tsai, CW
Turner, JL
Beck, SC
Crosthwaite, LP
Ho, PTP
Meier, DS
AF Tsai, Chao-Wei
Turner, Jean L.
Beck, Sara C.
Crosthwaite, Lucian P.
Ho, Paul T. P.
Meier, David S.
TI Subarcsecond-resolution radio maps of nearby spiral galaxies
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE galaxies : individual (IC 342, Maffei II, NGC 2903, NGC 6946); galaxies
: ISM; galaxies : spiral; galaxies : star clusters; H Pi regions; radio
continuum : galaxies
ID H-II REGIONS; TELESCOPE COMPACT ARRAY; NUCLEAR STAR CLUSTER; MOLECULAR
GAS BAR; MAFFEI 2; SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS; INFRARED-EMISSION; CO
OBSERVATIONS; HII-REGIONS; IC 342
AB We report subarcsecond-resolution Very Large Array imaging of four nearby spiral galaxies: IC 342, Maffei II, NGC 2903, and NGC 6946. In each galaxy, compact radio continuum sources are identified in the central similar to 15" x 15" region. These compact sources are responsible for 20%-30% of the total emission from the central kiloparsec of the host galaxies at 2 cm but only similar to 5%-10% at 6 cm. More than half of the compact sources appear to be H II regions. The H II regions with rising spectra must be fairly dense (n(i) similar to 10(4) cm(-3)) and are presumably very young. The largest of these H II regions require the excitation of 500-800 O stars within regions only a few parsecs in extent. These clusters approach the sizes expected for globular clusters. Thermal free-free emission from compact sources contributes more significantly at 2 cm, while diffuse synchrotron emission dominates at 6 cm. The radio H II regions are found near the centers of giant molecular clouds in projection and do not have obvious visual counterparts.
C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ramat Aviv, Israel.
Northrop Grumman, San Diego, CA 92123 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Tsai, CW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM cwtsai@astro.ucla.edu; turner@astro.ucla.edu; sara@wise1.tau.ac.il;
lpcrosthwaite@cox.net; ho@cfa.harvard.edu; dmeier@nrao.edu
NR 108
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 132
IS 6
BP 2383
EP 2397
DI 10.1086/508373
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MC
UT WOS:000242529100016
ER
PT J
AU de Gregorio-Monsalvo, I
Gomez, JF
Suarez, O
Kuiper, TBH
Anglada, G
Patel, NA
Torrelles, JM
AF de Gregorio-Monsalvo, Itziar
Gomez, Jose F.
Suarez, Olga
Kuiper, Thomas B. H.
Anglada, Guillem
Patel, Nimesh A.
Torrelles, Jose M.
TI High-resolution observations of water masers in Bok globules
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM : globules; ISM : jets and outflows; ISM : molecules; masers; radio
continuum : ISM; stars : pre-main-sequence
ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; STAR-FORMING REGIONS; RADIO-CONTINUUM EMISSION;
SOUTH-GALACTIC-CAP; H2O MASERS; DARK CLOUDS; MOLECULAR CLOUDS;
CARBON-MONOXIDE; SUBMILLIMETER MAPS; BIPOLAR OUTFLOW
AB We present Very Large Array observations at 1.3 cm of several water maser detections obtained by previous single-dish studies of Bok globules in the 1988 Clemens and Barvainis (CB) catalog. We report water maser emission in CB 3 (CB 3-mm), CB 54 (IRAS 07020-1618), CB 101 (IRAS 17503-0833), and CB 232 (IRAS 21352+4307) and non-detection toward CB 65 (IRAS 16277-2332) and CB 205 (IRAS 19433+2743). These are the first reported interferometric observations of water masers in Bok globules of the CB catalog. We also present single-dish observations of millimeter and centimeter spectral lines toward CB 101 (IRAS 17503-0833) and CB 65 (IRAS 16277-2332). All the maser emission seems to be associated with star-forming regions hosting bipolar molecular outflows, except IRAS 17503-0833 in CB 101, which we suggest to be a possible Mira evolved star, and IRAS 16277-2332 in CB 65, which is of unknown nature. We have used the precise position of the maser emission to derive information about the powering source of the masers. By analyzing the spatio-kinematical distribution of the water masers, we confirm the millimeter source CB 3-mm as the most likely powering source of the CB 3 masers. We propose the near-IR source CB 232 YC1-I as the best candidate for pumping the maser emission observed in CB 232, while in CB 54 we suggest that the pumping source of the masers could be located at the position of an elongated feature observed in near-IRmaps.
C1 INTA, Lab Astrofis Espacial & Fis Fundamental, E-28080 Madrid, Spain.
CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
CSIC, Inst Ciencias Espacio, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Univ Barcelona, Fac Fis, Inst estudis Espacials Catalunya, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
RP de Gregorio-Monsalvo, I (reprint author), INTA, Lab Astrofis Espacial & Fis Fundamental, Apartado 50727, E-28080 Madrid, Spain.
EM idegrego@eso.org; jfg@iaa.es; olga@laeff.inta.es; kuiper@jpl.nasa.gov;
guillem@iaa.es; npatel@cfa.harvard.edu; torrelles@ieec.fcr.es
RI Gomez, Jose Francisco/D-8392-2016;
OI Gomez, Jose Francisco/0000-0002-7065-542X; Torrelles, Jose
Maria/0000-0002-6896-6085
NR 79
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 132
IS 6
BP 2584
EP 2595
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MC
UT WOS:000242529100033
ER
PT J
AU Slesnick, CL
Carpenter, JM
Hillenbrand, LA
Mamajek, EE
AF Slesnick, Catherine L.
Carpenter, John M.
Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
Mamajek, Eric E.
TI A distributed population of low-mass pre-main-sequence stars near the
Taurus molecular clouds
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE open clusters and associations : individual (Taurus); stars : low-mass,
brown dwarfs; stars : pre-main-sequence
ID BROWN DWARFS; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; FORMING REGION; UPPER SCORPIUS; SKY
SURVEY; AURIGA; AGE; SPECTROSCOPY; ASSOCIATION; CANDIDATES
AB We present a drift-scan survey covering a similar to 5 degrees x similar to 50 degrees region toward the southern portion of the Taurus-Auriga molecular cloud. Data taken in the B, R, I filters with the Quest-2 camera on the Palomar 48 inch (1.2 m) Samuel Oschin Telescope were combined with Two Micron All Sky Survey near-infrared photometry to select candidate young stars. Follow-up optical spectroscopy of 190 candidates led to the identification of 42 new low-mass pre-main-sequence stars with spectral types M4-M8, of which approximately half exhibit surface gravity signatures similar to known Taurus stars, while the other half exhibit surface gravity signatures similar to members of the somewhat older Upper Scorpius, TW Hya, and beta Pic associations. The pre-main-sequence stars are spread over similar to 35 degrees, and many are located well outside of previously explored regions. From assessment of the spatial and proper-motion distributions, we argue that the new pre-main-sequence stars identified far from the clouds cannot have originated from the vicinity of the 1-2 Myr old subclusters that contain the bulk of the identified Taurus members but instead represent a newly identified area of recent star formation near the clouds.
C1 CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Slesnick, CL (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM cls@astro.caltech.edu; jmc@astro.caltech.edu; lah@astro.caltech.edu;
emamajek@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 42
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 132
IS 6
BP 2665
EP 2674
DI 10.1086/508937
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MC
UT WOS:000242529100038
ER
PT J
AU Damiani, F
Micela, G
Sciortino, S
Huelamo, N
Moitinho, A
Harnden, FR
Murray, SS
AF Damiani, F.
Micela, G.
Sciortino, S.
Huelamo, N.
Moitinho, A.
Harnden, F. R., Jr.
Murray, S. S.
TI The young star cluster NGC 2362: low-mass population and initial mass
function from a Chandra X-ray observation
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE open clusters and associations : individual : NGC 2362; stars : coronae;
stars : pre-main-sequence stars :; luminosity function, mass function;
X-rays : stars
ID COUNTING DETECTOR IMAGES; MAIN-SEQUENCE EVOLUTION; ORION ULTRADEEP
PROJECT; WAVELET TRANSFORMS; FORMING REGION; TAURUS-AURIGA; LUMINOSITY;
SEGREGATION; EMISSION; NGC-6530
AB Context. We study the stellar population of the very young cluster NGC 2362, using a deep Chandra ACIS-I X-ray observation. This cluster, only 5 Myr old, has already cleared most of its inter- and circumstellar dust, and with its small and uniform reddening offers a unique opportunity of studying its pre-main-sequence stellar population with minimal disturbance from a dense interstellar medium.
Aims. Our main purposes are to select cluster members down to low masses and to study their properties as a population (spatial properties, initial mass function, and coronal properties).
Methods. We compare existing deep optical photometry and Ha data with new X-ray data. We use combined optical and X-ray criteria to select cluster members.
Results. We detect 387 X-ray sources down to log L-X = 29.0 (erg/s), and identify most of them (308) with star-like objects. The majority (88%) of optically identified X-ray sources are found to be very good candidate low-mass pre-main-sequence stars, with minimal field-object contamination. This increases the known cluster census by a substantial amount at low masses, with respect to previous optical/IR studies. The fraction of stars with active accretion is found to be in the range 5 - 9%. We find a significantly wider spatial distribution for low-mass stars than for massive stars (mass segregation). We find only a small spread around the low-mass cluster sequence in the HR diagram, indicating that star formation lasted only about 1 - 2 Myr. We have derived the cluster initial mass function, which appears to flatten (on the low-mass side) at higher masses with respect to other very young clusters. The quiescent X-ray emission of low-mass cluster stars is found to be rather strictly correlated with the stellar bolometric luminosity: the small spread in this correlation puts an upper bound on the amplitude of X-ray variability on time scales longer than one day (e.g., activity cycles) in such young coronal sources. We find significant X-ray spectral differences between low-mass stars brighter and fainter than log L-X similar to 30.3 (erg/s), respectively, with X-ray brighter stars showing hotter components (kT similar to 2 keV), absent in fainter stars.
C1 Osserv Astron Palermol GS Vaiana, INAF, I-90134 Palermo, Italy.
ESO, Santiago 19001, Chile.
Observ Astron Lisboa, P-1349018 Lisbon, Portugal.
Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, SIM, IDL, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal.
Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Damiani, F (reprint author), Osserv Astron Palermol GS Vaiana, INAF, Piazza Parlamento 1, I-90134 Palermo, Italy.
RI Moitinho de Almeida, Andre/L-1624-2015; Huelamo, Nuria/C-3042-2017;
OI Moitinho de Almeida, Andre/0000-0003-0822-5995; Huelamo,
Nuria/0000-0002-2711-8143; Micela, Giuseppina/0000-0002-9900-4751;
Damiani, Francesco/0000-0002-7065-3061
NR 35
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 1
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 460
IS 1
BP 133
EP 144
DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20065011
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 108ZD
UT WOS:000242276800014
ER
PT J
AU Hempelmann, A
Robrade, J
Schmitt, JHMM
Favata, F
Baliunas, SL
Hall, JC
AF Hempelmann, A.
Robrade, J.
Schmitt, J. H. M. M.
Favata, F.
Baliunas, S. L.
Hall, J. C.
TI Coronal activity cycles in 61 Cygni
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE stars : activity; stars : chromospheres; stars : coronae; stars :
late-type; X-rays : stars
ID MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; X-RAY-EMISSION; SUN
AB Context. While the existence of stellar analogues of the 11 years solar activity cycle is proven for dozens of stars from optical observations of chromospheric activity, the observation of clearly cyclical coronal activity is still in its infancy.
Aims. In this paper, long-term X-ray monitoring of the binary 61 Cygni is used to investigate possible coronal activity cycles in moderately active stars.
Methods. We are monitoring both stellar components, a K5V (A) and a K7V (B) star, of 61 Cyg with XMM-Newton. The first four years of these observations are combined with ROSAT HRI observations of an earlier monitoring campaign. The X-ray light curves are compared with the long-term monitoring of chromospheric activity, as measured by the Mt.Wilson CaII H+K S-index.
Results. Besides the observation of variability on short time scales, long-term variations of the X-ray activity are clearly present. For 61 Cyg A we find a coronal cycle which clearly reflects the well-known and distinct chromospheric activity cycle. The changes of coronal properties during the cycle resemble the solar behaviour. The coronal activity of 61 Cyg B also follows the chromospheric variability, although a pronounced sinusoidal chromospheric cycle of large amplitude is not noticeable. This is also reflected in the XMM-Newton observations with a rather complex long-term variability during that time.
Conclusions. 61 Cyg A is the first star where a persistent coronal activity cycle has been observed.
C1 Univ Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany.
European Space Agcy, Estec, Div Astrophys, Res & Sci Support Dept, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Hempelmann, A (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany.
EM ahempelmann@hs.uni-hamburg.de
NR 19
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 460
IS 1
BP 261
EP 267
DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20065459
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 108ZD
UT WOS:000242276800028
ER
PT J
AU Koutroumpa, D
Lallement, R
Kharchenko, V
Dalgarno, A
Pepino, R
Izmodenov, V
Quemerais, E
AF Koutroumpa, D.
Lallement, R.
Kharchenko, V.
Dalgarno, A.
Pepino, R.
Izmodenov, V.
Quemerais, E.
TI Charge-transfer induced EUV and soft X-ray emissions in the heliosphere
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE solar wind; X-rays : diffuse background; ISM : general; galaxy : halo;
X-rays : ISM; ISM : supernova remmants
ID SOLAR-WIND IONS; SELECTIVE ELECTRON-CAPTURE; SLOW COLLISIONS;
CROSS-SECTIONS; INTERSTELLAR H; STRIPPED IONS; INTERFACE; HYDROGEN;
EXCHANGE; HELIUM
AB Aims. We study the EUV/soft X-ray emission generated by charge transfer between solar wind heavy ions and interstellar neutral atoms and variations of the X-ray intensities and spectra with the line of sight direction, the observer location, the solar cycle phase and the solar wind anisotropies, and a temporary enhancement of the solar wind similar to the event observed by Snowden et al. (2004) during the XMM-Hubble Deep Field North exposure.
Methods. Using recent observations of the neutral atoms combined with updated cross-sections and cascading photon spectra we have computed self-consistent distributions of interstellar hydrogen, helium and highly charged solar wind ions for a stationary solar wind and we have constructed monochromatic emission maps and spectra. We have evaluated separately the contribution of the heliosheath and heliotail, and included X-ray emission of the excited solar wind ions produced in sequential collisions to the signal.
Results. In most practicable observations, the low and medium latitude X-ray emission is significantly higher at minimum activity than at maximum, especially around December. This occurs due to a strong depletion of neutrals during the high activity phase, which is not compensated by an increase of the solar wind flux. For high latitudes the emission depends on the ion species in a complex way. Intensity maps are in general significantly different for observations separated by six-month intervals. Secondary ions are found to make a negligible contribution to the X-ray line of sight intensities, because their density becomes significant only at large distances. The contribution of the heliosheath-heliotail is always smaller than 5%.
We can reproduce both the intensity range and the temporal variation of the XMM-HDFN emission lines in the 0.52-0.75 keV interval, using a simple enhanced solar wind spiral stream. This suggests a dominant heliospheric origin for these lines, before, during and also after the event.
C1 CNRS, Serv Aeron, F-91371 Verrieres Le Buisson, France.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Mech & Math, Dept Aeromech & Gas Dynam, Moscow 119899, Russia.
RP Koutroumpa, D (reprint author), CNRS, Serv Aeron, F-91371 Verrieres Le Buisson, France.
EM dimitra.koutroumpa@aerov.jussieu.fr
RI Izmodenov, Vladislav/K-6073-2012
OI Izmodenov, Vladislav/0000-0002-1748-0982
NR 65
TC 79
Z9 79
U1 0
U2 6
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 460
IS 1
BP 289
EP U228
DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20065250
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 108ZD
UT WOS:000242276800031
ER
PT J
AU Hopkins, PF
Somerville, RS
Hernquist, L
Cox, TJ
Robertson, B
Li, YX
AF Hopkins, Philip F.
Somerville, Rachel S.
Hernquist, Lars
Cox, Thomas J.
Robertson, Brant
Li, Yuexing
TI The relation between quasar and merging galaxy luminosity functions and
the merger-driven star formation history of the universe
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE cosmology : theory; galaxies : active; galaxies : evolution; quasars :
general
ID DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; LY-ALPHA FOREST;
ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SOFT-X-RAY;
SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; RADIO-LOUD QUASARS; SPACE-TELESCOPE
IMAGES; ISOLATED DISK GALAXIES
AB Using a model for the self-regulated growth of supermassive BHs in mergers involving gas-rich galaxies, we study the relationship between quasars and the population of merging galaxies and predict the merger-driven SFR density of the universe. Mergers drive gas inflows, fueling starbursts and "buried" quasars until feedback disperses the gas, allowing the quasar to be briefly visible as a bright optical source. By simulating the evolution of such events, we demonstrate that the observed statistics of merger rates/fractions, luminosity and mass functions, SFR distributions, quasar (and quasar host) luminosity functions, and elliptical/red galaxy luminosity and mass functions are self-consistent. We use our simulations to deconvolve quasar and merger luminosity functions and determine the birthrate of BHs and merger rates as a function of mass. From this, we predict the merging galaxy luminosity function in various observed wavebands, color-magnitude relations, mass functions, SFR distributions and density, and quasar host galaxy luminosity function, as a function of redshift from z = 0 to 6. We invert this to predict quasar luminosity functions from observed merger luminosity functions or SFR distributions. Our results show good agreement with observations, but idealized models of quasar light curves give inaccurate estimates and are ruled out at > 99.9% confidence, provided that quasars are triggered in mergers. Using only quasar observations, we estimate the contribution of mergers to the SFR density of the universe to high redshifts, z similar to 4, and constrain the evolution in the characteristic initial gas fractions of quasar and spheroid-producing mergers.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
RP Hopkins, PF (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 251
TC 129
Z9 129
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 2
BP 864
EP 888
DI 10.1086/508503
PN 1
PG 25
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MM
UT WOS:000242530100004
ER
PT J
AU Wray, JJ
Bahcall, NA
Bode, P
Boettiger, C
Hopkins, PF
AF Wray, James J.
Bahcall, Neta A.
Bode, Paul
Boettiger, Carl
Hopkins, Philip F.
TI The shape, multiplicity, and evolution of superclusters in Lambda CDM
cosmology
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmology : theory; galaxies : clusters : general; large-scale structure
of universe
ID SYNOPTIC SURVEY TELESCOPE; PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; LARGE-SCALE
STRUCTURE; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; REDSHIFT SURVEY; UNIVERSE; CLUSTERS
AB We determine the shape, multiplicity, size, and radial structure of superclusters in the Lambda CDM concordance cosmology from z = 0 to z = 2. Superclusters are defined as clusters of clusters in our large-scale cosmological simulation. We find that superclusters are triaxial in shape; many have flattened since early times to become nearly two-dimensional structures at present, with a small fraction of filamentary systems. The size and multiplicity functions are presented at different redshifts. Supercluster sizes extend to scales of similar to 100-200 h(-1) Mpc. The supercluster multiplicity (richness) increases linearly with supercluster size. The density profile in superclusters is approximately isothermal (similar to R-2) and steepens on larger scales. These results can be used as a new test of the current cosmology when compared with upcoming observations of large-scale surveys.
C1 Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Wray, JJ (reprint author), Princeton Univ Observ, Peyton Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
EM jwray@astro.cornell.edu; neta@astro.princeton.edu;
bode@astro.princeton.edu; cboettig@astro.princeton.edu;
phopkins@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Wray, James/B-8457-2008; Boettiger, Carl/F-9784-2010
OI Wray, James/0000-0001-5559-2179;
NR 31
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 2
BP 907
EP 916
DI 10.1086/508600
PN 1
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MM
UT WOS:000242530100007
ER
PT J
AU Bradac, M
Clowe, D
Gonzalez, AH
Marshall, P
Forman, W
Jones, C
Markevitch, M
Randall, S
Schrabback, T
Zaritsky, D
AF Bradac, Marusa
Clowe, Douglas
Gonzalez, Anthony H.
Marshall, Phil
Forman, William
Jones, Christine
Markevitch, Maxim
Randall, Scott
Schrabback, Tim
Zaritsky, Dennis
TI Strong and weak lensing united. III. Measuring the mass distribution of
the merging galaxy cluster 1ES 0657-558
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE dark matter; galaxies : clusters : general; galaxies : clusters :
individual (1ES 0657-558); gravitational lensing
ID DARK-MATTER; ADVANCED CAMERA; RECONSTRUCTION; 1E0657-56; EXISTENCE;
IMAGES; FIELD
AB The galaxy cluster 1ES 0657-558 (z = 0.296) is remarkably well suited for addressing outstanding issues in both galaxy evolution and fundamental physics. We present a reconstruction of the mass distribution from both strong and weak gravitational lensing data. Multicolor, high-resolution HST ACS images allow detection of many more arc candidates than were previously known, especially around the subcluster. Using the known redshift of one of the multiply imaged systems, we determine the remaining source redshifts using the predictive power of the strong-lens model. Combining this information with shape measurements of "weakly" lensed sources, we derive a high-resolution, absolutely calibrated mass map, using no assumptions regarding the physical properties of the underlying cluster potential. This map provides the best available quantification of the total mass of the central part of the cluster. We also confirm the result from Clowe and colleagues that the total mass does not trace the baryonic mass.
C1 Kavli Inst Part Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA USA.
Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Bradac, M (reprint author), Kavli Inst Part Astrophys & Cosmol, POB 20450,MS29, Stanford, CA USA.
OI Forman, William/0000-0002-9478-1682
NR 28
TC 185
Z9 185
U1 0
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 2
BP 937
EP 947
DI 10.1086/508601
PN 1
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MM
UT WOS:000242530100009
ER
PT J
AU Kim, DW
Fabbiano, G
Kalogera, V
King, AR
Pellegrini, S
Trinchieri, G
Zepf, SE
Zezas, A
Angelini, L
Davies, RL
Gallagher, JS
AF Kim, D. -W.
Fabbiano, G.
Kalogera, V.
King, A. R.
Pellegrini, S.
Trinchieri, G.
Zepf, S. E.
Zezas, A.
Angelini, L.
Davies, R. L.
Gallagher, J. S.
TI Probing the low-luminosity X-ray luminosity function in normal
elliptical galaxies
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : elliptical and lenticular, cD; X-rays : binaries; X-rays :
galaxies
ID CHANDRA MULTIWAVELENGTH PROJECT; GLOBULAR CLUSTER CONNECTION; LOW-MASS;
POINT-SOURCE; CENTAURUS-A; ULTRACOMPACT BINARIES; POPULATION; FIELD;
M31; NGC-4472
AB We present the first low-luminosity [L-X > (5-10) x 10(36) ergs s(-1)] X-ray luminosity functions (XLFs) of low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) determined for two typical old elliptical galaxies, NGC 3379 and NGC 4278. Because both galaxies contain little diffuse emission from hot ISM and no recent significant star formation (hence no high-mass X-ray binary contamination), they provide two of the best homogeneous sample of LMXBs. With 110 and 140 ks Chandra ACIS S3 exposures, we detect 59 and 112 LMXBs within the D-25 ellipses of NGC 3379 and NGC 4278, respectively. The resulting XLFs are well represented by a single power law with a slope (in a differential form) of 1.9 +/- 0.1. In NGC 4278, we can exclude the break at L-X similar to 5 x 10(37) ergs s(-1) that was recently suggested as being a general feature of LMXB XLFs. In NGC 3379, on the other hand, we find a localized excess over the power-law XLF at similar to 4 x 10(37) ergs s(-1), but with a marginal significance of similar to 1.6 sigma. Because of the small number of luminous sources, we cannot constrain the high-luminosity break (at 5 x 10(38) ergs s(-1)) found in a large sample of early- type galaxies. For our two galaxies, the ratios of the integrated LMXB X-ray luminosities to the optical luminosities differ by a factor of 4, but are consistent with the general trend of a positive correlation between the X-ray-to-optical luminosity ratio and the globular cluster specific frequency.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
Univ Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy.
Osserv Astron Brera, INAF, I-20121 Milan, Italy.
Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, High Energy Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Kim, DW (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM kim@cfa.harvard.edu; gfabbiano@cfa.harvard.edu; vicky@northwestern.edu;
ark@star.le.ac.uk; silvia.pellegrini@unibo.it;
ginevra.trinchieri@brera.inaf.it; zepf@pa.msu.edu;
azezas@cfa.harvard.edu; angelini@davide.gsfc.nasa.gov;
rld@astro.ox.ac.uk; jsg@astro.wisc.edu
RI Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011
OI Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X
NR 45
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 2
BP 1090
EP 1096
DI 10.1086/508415
PN 1
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MM
UT WOS:000242530100024
ER
PT J
AU Macri, LM
Stanek, KZ
Bersier, D
Greenhill, LJ
Reid, MJ
AF Macri, L. M.
Stanek, K. Z.
Bersier, D.
Greenhill, L. J.
Reid, M. J.
TI A new Cepheid distance to the maser-host galaxy NGC 4258 and its
implications for the Hubble constant
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Cepheids; distance scale; galaxies : individual ( NGC 4258)
ID LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; RED GIANT BRANCH; TELESCOPE KEY PROJECT;
PERIOD-COLOR RELATIONS; SPACE-TELESCOPE; CLASSICAL CEPHEIDS; IA
SUPERNOVAE; METALLICITY DEPENDENCE; FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES; ECLIPSING
BINARIES
AB We present initial results from a time series BVI survey of two fields in NGC 4258 using the HSTACS. This galaxy was selected because of its accurate maser-based distance, which is anticipated to have a total uncertainty of similar to 3%. The goal of the HST observations is to provide an absolute calibration of the Cepheid distance scale and to measure its dependence on chemical abundance (the so-called metallicity effect). We carried out observations of two fields at different galactocentric distances with a mean abundance difference of 0.5 dex. We discovered a total of 281 Cepheids with periods ranging from 4 to 45 days (the duration of our observing window). We determine a Cepheid distance modulus for NGC 4258 (relative to the LMC) of Delta mu(0) = 10.88 +/- 0.04 (random) +/- 0.05 (systematic) mag. Given the published maser distance to the galaxy, this implies mu(0)(LMC) = 18.41 +/- 0.10(r) +/- 0.13(s) mag or D(LMC) = 48.1 +/- 2.3(gamma) +/- 2.9(s) kpc. We measure a metallicity effect of gamma = -0.29 +/- 0.09(r) +/- 0.05(s) mag dex(-1). We see no evidence for a variation in the slope of the period-luminosity relation as a function of abundance. We estimate a Hubble constant of H-0 = 74 +/- 3(r) +/- 6(s) km s(-1) Mpc(-1) using a recent sample of four well-observed Type Ia SNe and our new calibration of the Cepheid distance scale. It may soon be possible to measure the value of H-0 with a total uncertainty of 5%, with consequent improvement in the determination of the equation of state of dark energy.
C1 Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Birkenhead CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Macri, LM (reprint author), Natl Opt Astron Observ, 950 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM lmacri@noao.edu; kstanek@astronomy.ohio-state.edu;
dfb@astro.livjm.ac.uk; greenhill@cfa.harvard.edu; reid@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Macri, Lucas/0000-0002-1775-4859
NR 67
TC 177
Z9 179
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 2
BP 1133
EP 1149
DI 10.1086/508530
PN 1
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MM
UT WOS:000242530100029
ER
PT J
AU Kallivayalil, N
van der Marel, RP
Alcock, C
AF Kallivayalil, Nitya
van der Marel, Roeland P.
Alcock, Charles
TI The SMC bound to the LMC? The Hubble Space Telescope proper motion of
the SMC
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : interactions; galaxies : kinematics and dynamics; Magellanic
Clouds
ID SMALL-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; SAGITTARIUS DWARF GALAXY; STAR-FORMATION
HISTORY; SKY SURVEY VIEW; VARIABILITY-SELECTED QUASARS; N-BODY
SIMULATIONS; MILKY-WAY; DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION; STELLAR POPULATIONS; HALO
SUBSTRUCTURE
AB We present a measurement of the systemic proper motion of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) made using the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). We tracked the SMC's motion relative to four background QSOs over a baseline of approximately 2 yr. The measured proper motion is mu(W) = -1.16 +/- 0.18 mas yr(-1), mu(N) = -1.17 +/- 0.18 mas yr(-1). This is the best measurement yet of the SMC's proper motion. We combine this new result with our prior estimate of the proper motion of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) from the same observing program to investigate the orbital evolution of both Clouds over the past 9 Gyr. The current relative velocity between the Clouds is 105 +/- 42 km s(-1). Our investigations of the past orbital motions of the Clouds in a simple model for the dark halo of the Milky Way imply that the Clouds could be unbound from each other. However, our data are also consistent with orbits in which the Clouds have been bound to each other for approximately a Hubble time. Smaller proper-motion errors and better understanding of the LMC and SMC masses would be required to constrain their past orbital history and their bound versus unbound nature unambiguously. The new proper-motion measurements should be sufficient to allow the construction of improved models for the origin and properties of the Magellanic Stream. In turn, this will provide new constraints on the properties of the Milky Way dark halo.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Kallivayalil, N (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM nkalliva@cfa.harvard.edu; marel@stsci.edu; calcock@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 70
TC 167
Z9 167
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 2
BP 1213
EP 1229
DI 10.1086/508014
PN 1
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MM
UT WOS:000242530100033
ER
PT J
AU Karakas, AI
Fenner, Y
Sills, A
Campbell, SW
Lattanzio, JC
AF Karakas, A. I.
Fenner, Y.
Sills, Alison
Campbell, S. W.
Lattanzio, J. C.
TI The chemical evolution of helium in globular clusters: Implications for
the self-pollution scenario
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE globular clusters : general; stars : abundances; stars : AGB and
post-AGB; stars : chemically peculiar
ID INTERMEDIATE-MASS STARS; RED GIANT BRANCH; MAIN-SEQUENCE TURNOFF;
OMEGA-CENTAURI; ABUNDANCE VARIATIONS; HORIZONTAL-BRANCH; FULL
COMPUTATION; EARLY SUBGIANTS; AGB EVOLUTION; FIELD STARS
AB We investigate the suggestion that there are stellar populations in some globular clusters with enhanced helium (Y similar to 0.28 - 0.40) compared to the primordial value. We assume that a previous generation of massive asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars have polluted the cluster. Two independent sets of AGB yields are used to follow the evolution of helium and CNO using a Salpeter initial mass function (IMF) and two top-heavy IMFs. In no case are we able to produce the postulated large Y similar to 0.35 without violating the observational constraint that the CNO content is nearly constant.
C1 McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Monash Univ, Sch Math Sci, Ctr Stellar & Planetary Astrophys, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
RP Karakas, AI (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 1280 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
EM yfenner@cfa.harvard.edu; asills@mcmaster.ca;
simon.campbell@maths.monash.edu.au; john.lattanzio@sci.monash.edu.au
RI Campbell, Simon/C-4887-2013;
OI Lattanzio, John/0000-0003-2952-859X
NR 57
TC 50
Z9 50
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 2
BP 1240
EP 1245
DI 10.1086/508504
PN 1
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MM
UT WOS:000242530100035
ER
PT J
AU Seward, FD
Tucker, WH
Fesen, RA
AF Seward, F. D.
Tucker, W. H.
Fesen, R. A.
TI Faint X-ray structure in the crab pulsar wind nebula
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM : individual (Crab Nebula); stars : neutron; supernova remnants;
X-rays : ISM
ID DIFFUSIVE SHOCK ACCELERATION; SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS; SYNCHROTRON NEBULA;
LUNAR OCCULTATION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; EMISSION; JET; SPECTRUM; ORIGIN;
POLARIZATION
AB We report on a Chandra observation of the Crab Nebula that gives the first clear view of the faint boundary of the Crab's X-ray-emitting pulsar wind nebula. There is structure in all directions. Fingers, loops, bays, and the south pulsar jet all indicate that either filamentary material or the magnetic field is controlling the relativistic electrons. In general, spectra soften as distance from the pulsar increases but do not change rapidly along linear features. This is particularly true for the pulsar jet. The termination of the jet is abrupt; the east side is close to an [O III] optical filament, which may be blocking propagation on this side. We argue that linear features have ordered magnetic fields and that the structure is determined by the synchrotron lifetime of particles diffusing perpendicular and parallel to the magnetic field. We find no significant evidence for thermal X-rays inside the filamentary envelope.
C1 Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
RP Seward, FD (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 40
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 5
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 2
BP 1277
EP 1287
DI 10.1086/508532
PN 1
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MM
UT WOS:000242530100039
ER
PT J
AU Keto, E
Broderick, AE
Lada, CJ
Narayan, R
AF Keto, Eric
Broderick, Avery E.
Lada, Charles J.
Narayan, Ramesh
TI Oscillations of starless cores
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM : clouds; stars : formation
ID DENSE INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; CARLO RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; DARK CLOUD;
PROTOSTELLAR COLLAPSE; PRESTELLAR CORES; MOLECULAR CLOUD; INFALL
MOTIONS; BOK GLOBULES; CS 2-1; CHEMISTRY
AB If the split, asymmetric molecular spectral line profiles that are seen in many starless cores are interpreted as indicative of global collapse or expansion of the core, then one possible implication is that most starless cores have short lifetimes, on the order of the collapse or sound crossing timescale. An alternative interpretation of the line profiles, as indicative of perturbations on an underlying equilibrium structure, leads to the opposite implication, that many cores have long lifetimes. While evidence suggests that some cores are collapsing on a free-fall timescale, we show that observations of some other starless cores can be reproduced by a model of nonradial oscillations about the equilibrium configuration of a pressure-bounded, thermally-supported sphere (Bonnor-Ebert sphere). We model the oscillations as linear perturbations following a standard analysis developed for stellar pulsations and compare the column densities and molecular spectral line profiles predicted from a particular model to observations of the Bok globule B68.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Keto, E (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
OI Narayan, Ramesh/0000-0002-1919-2730
NR 49
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 2
BP 1366
EP 1373
DI 10.1086/508251
PN 1
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MM
UT WOS:000242530100047
ER
PT J
AU Blazek, JA
Gaensler, BM
Chatterjee, S
van der Swaluw, E
Camilo, F
Stappers, BW
AF Blazek, J. A.
Gaensler, B. M.
Chatterjee, S.
van der Swaluw, E.
Camilo, F.
Stappers, B. W.
TI The duck redux: An improved proper-motion upper limit for the pulsar
B1757-24 near the supernova remnant G5.4-1.2
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM : individual (G5.4-1.2); pulsars : individual (B1757-24); radio
continuum : ISM; stars : neutron; supernova remnants
ID MAGNETIC-FIELD EVOLUTION; HIGH-VELOCITY PULSAR; X-RAY; RADIO PULSARS;
NEUTRON-STARS; BRAKING INDEX; WIND NEBULAE; PSR B1757-24; ORIGIN; SHELLS
AB "The Duck" is a complicated nonthermal radio system, consisting of the energetic radio pulsar B1757-24, its surrounding pulsar wind nebula G5.27-0.90, and the adjacent supernova remnant (SNR) G5.4-1.2. PSR B1757-24 was originally claimed to be a young (approximate to 15,000 yr) and extreme-velocity (greater than or similar to 1500 km s(-1)) pulsar, which had penetrated and emerged from the shell of the associated SNR G5.4-1.2; but recent upper limits on the pulsar's motion have raised serious difficulties with this interpretation. We here present 8.5 GHz interferometric observations of the nebula G5.27-0.90 over a 12 yr baseline, doubling the time span of previous measurements. These data correspondingly allow us to halve the previous upper limit on the nebula's westward motion to 14 mas yr(-1) (5 sigma), allowing a substantive reevaluation of this puzzling object. We rule out the possibility that the pulsar and SNR were formed from a common supernova explosion approximate to 15,000 yr ago, as implied by the pulsar's characteristic age, but conclude that an old (greater than or similar to 70,000 yr) pulsar/SNR association, or a situation in which the pulsar and SNR are physically unrelated, are both still viable explanations.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands.
Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
Stiching ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands.
Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
RP Blazek, JA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM blazek@post.harvard.edu; bgaensler@usyd.edu.au
RI Gaensler, Bryan/F-8655-2010;
OI Gaensler, Bryan/0000-0002-3382-9558
NR 59
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 2
BP 1523
EP 1530
DI 10.1086/507938
PN 1
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MM
UT WOS:000242530100061
ER
PT J
AU Fong, D
Meixner, M
Sutton, EC
Zalucha, A
Welch, WJ
AF Fong, D.
Meixner, M.
Sutton, E. C.
Zalucha, A.
Welch, W. J.
TI Evolution of the circumstellar molecular envelope. I. A bima CO survey
of evolved stars
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE circumstellar matter; radio lines : stars; stars : AGB and post-AGB;
stars : mass loss
ID IRC +10 216; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; MASS-LOSS RATES; PLANETARY-NEBULA
BD+30-DEGREES-3639; BIPOLAR PREPLANETARY NEBULAE; CRYSTALLINE SILICATE
DUST; EXCITATION ATOMIC GAS; BRIGHT CARBON STARS; PROTOPLANETARY
NEBULAE; HIGH-RESOLUTION
AB This paper reports the results of a small imaging survey of eight evolved stars including two AGB stars (IRC + 10216 and Mira), five proto-planetary nebula (PPN) candidates (AFGL 2688, IRAS 22272+5435, HD 161796, 89 Her, and HD 179821), and a planetary nebula (PN, NGC 7027). We present high-resolution (CO)-C-12 J = 1 -> 0 maps of their full molecular envelopes made by combining BIMA Millimeter Array and NRAO 12 m telescope observations. For the PPNe and PN, the neutral molecular envelopes are compared with images taken at optical, near-IR, and mid-IR wavelengths. Drawing from the literature, we augmented our BIMA survey sample to 38 well-studied sources with CO emission maps. We classified this sample of sources based on the kinematics and morphologies of the CO emission into three types: spherical/elliptical/shell sources, disk sources, and structured outflow sources. Confirming previous studies, we find strong evidence for the photodissociation of the molecular envelope as an object evolves from the AGB to PN stages. While the spherical AGB stars follow theoretical expectations for mass-loss rate versus envelope size, the post-AGB structured outflow sources have significantly higher mass-loss rates than expected probably because of their recent superwinds. We find evidence that the structured outflows are clearly younger than the AGB wind. The disk sources have little correlation between mass-loss rate and envelope size because their properties are determined more by the properties of the central stars and disk evolution than by the mass-loss rate history that shapes the spherical and structured-outflow sources.
C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Fong, D (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, 1002 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RI Sutton, Edmund/H-5113-2011
NR 147
TC 42
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 2
BP 1626
EP 1653
DI 10.1086/508127
PN 1
PG 28
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MM
UT WOS:000242530100070
ER
PT J
AU Holman, MJ
Winn, JN
Latham, DW
O'Donovan, FT
Charbonneau, D
Bakos, GA
Esquerdo, GA
Hergenrother, C
Everett, ME
Pal, A
AF Holman, Matthew J.
Winn, Joshua N.
Latham, David W.
O'Donovan, Francis T.
Charbonneau, David
Bakos, Gaspar A.
Esquerdo, Gilbert A.
Hergenrother, Carl
Everett, Mark E.
Pal, Andras
TI The transit light curve project. I. Four consecutive transits of the
exoplanet XO-1b
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE planetary systems; stars : individual (GSC 02041-01657); techniques :
photometric
ID STELLAR ATMOSPHERE MODELS; LIMB-DARKENING LAW; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS;
SURFACE GRAVITIES; HOT JUPITERS; PHOTOMETRY; ORBITS; SCINTILLATION;
PARAMETERS; EVOLUTION
AB We present RIz photometry of four consecutive transits of the newly discovered exoplanet XO-1b. We improve on the estimates of the transit parameters, finding the planetary radius to be R(P) 1.184(-0.018)(+0.028)R(J), and the stellar radius to be R(star) 0.928(-0.013)(+0.018) R(circle dot), assuming a stellar mass of M(star) (1.00 +/- 0.03) M(circle dot). The uncertainties in the planetary and stellar radii are dominated by the uncertainty in the stellar mass. These uncertainties increase by a factor of 2-3 if a more conservative uncertainty of 0.10 M(circle dot) is assumed for the stellar mass. Our estimate of the planetary radius is smaller than that reported by McCullough and coworkers, and the resulting estimate for the mean density of XO-1b is intermediate between that of the low-density planet HD 209458b and the higher density planets TrES-1 and HD 189733b. The timings of the transits have an accuracy ranging from 0.2 to 2.5 minutes and are marginally consistent with a uniform period.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
Eotvos Lorand Univ, Budapest, Hungary.
RP Holman, MJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM mholman@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Charbonneau, David/0000-0002-9003-484X
NR 34
TC 147
Z9 148
U1 0
U2 7
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 2
BP 1715
EP 1723
DI 10.1086/508155
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MM
UT WOS:000242530100075
ER
PT J
AU Ford, EB
Gaudi, BS
AF Ford, Eric B.
Gaudi, B. Scott
TI Observational constraints on trojans of transiting extrasolar planets
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE celestial mechanics; planetary systems : formation; techniques :
photometric; techniques : radial velocities
ID SOLAR-SYSTEM; HOT JUPITERS; PHOTOMETRY; NEPTUNE; ORBITS; STAR;
COMPANIONS; MIGRATION; SEARCH; SATURN
AB Theoretical studies predict that Trojans are likely a frequent by-product of planet formation and evolution. We present a novel method of detecting Trojan companions to transiting extrasolar planets that involves comparing the midtime of eclipse with the time of the stellar reflex velocity null. We demonstrate that this method offers the potential to detect terrestrial-mass Trojans using existing ground- based observatories. This method rules out Trojan companions to HD 209458b and HD 149026b more massive than similar or equal to 13 and similar or equal to 25 M-circle plus at a 99.9% confidence level. Such a Trojan would be dynamically stable, would not yet have been detected by photometric or spectroscopic monitoring, and would be unrecognizable from radial velocity observations alone. We outline the future prospects for this method and show that the detection of a "Hot Trojan" of any mass would place a significant constraint on theories of orbital migration.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Gaudi, Bernard/I-7732-2012
NR 39
TC 47
Z9 47
U1 1
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 2
BP L137
EP L140
DI 10.1086/510235
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MS
UT WOS:000242530700017
ER
PT J
AU Kallivayalil, N
Patten, BM
Marengo, M
Alcock, C
Werner, MW
Fazio, GG
AF Kallivayalil, Nitya
Patten, Brian M.
Marengo, Massimo
Alcock, Charles
Werner, Michael W.
Fazio, Giovanni G.
TI Identification of the microlens in event MACHO-LMC-20
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxy : structure; gravitational lensing; stars : late type
ID LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; MASSIVE VARIABILITY SURVEYS; LIGHT-CURVE
CLASSIFICATION; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; ALL-SKY SURVEY; MACHO PROJECT;
GALACTIC HALO; MILKY-WAY; PHOTOMETRY; COLORS
AB We report on the identification of the lens responsible for microlensing event MACHO-LMC-20. As part of a Spitzer IRAC program conducting mid-infrared follow-up of the MACHO Large Magellanic Cloud microlensing fields, we discovered a significant flux excess at the position of the source star for this event. These data, in combination with high-resolution near-infrared Magellan PANIC data, have allowed us to classify the lens as an early M dwarf in the thick disk of the Milky Way, at a distance of similar to 2 kpc. This is only the second microlens to have been identified, the first also being a M dwarf star in the disk. Together, these two events are still consistent with the expected frequency of nearby stars in the Milky Way thin and thick disks acting as lenses.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
CALTECH, Jet Propuls Lab, Pasadena, CA 91107 USA.
RP Kallivayalil, N (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 44
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 2
BP L97
EP L100
DI 10.1086/510293
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MS
UT WOS:000242530700007
ER
PT J
AU McCarthy, MC
Gottlieb, CA
Gupta, H
Thaddeus, P
AF McCarthy, M. C.
Gottlieb, C. A.
Gupta, H.
Thaddeus, P.
TI Laboratory and astronomical identification of the negative molecular ion
C6H-
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM : molecules; line : identification; molecular data; molecular
processes; radio lines : ISM
ID CARBON CLUSTERS; AB-INITIO; SPECTROSCOPY; MICROWAVE; SPECTRA; LINES;
CNH; IRC+10216; CHEMISTRY; RADICALS
AB The negative molecular ion C6H- has been detected in the radio band in the laboratory and has been identified in the molecular envelope of IRC + 10216 and in the dense molecular cloud TMC-1. The spectroscopic constants derived from laboratory measurements of 17 rotational lines between 8 and 187 GHz are identical to those derived from the astronomical data, establishing unambiguously that C6H- is the carrier of the series of lines with rotational constant 1377 MHz first observed by K. Kawaguchi et al. in IRC + 10216. The column density of C6H- toward both sources is 1%-5% that of neutral C6H. These surprisingly high abundances for a negative ion imply that if other molecular anions are similarly abundant with respect to their neutral counterparts, they may be detectable both in the laboratory at high resolution and in interstellar molecular clouds.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Texas, Inst Theoret Chem, Dept Chem & Biochem, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
RP McCarthy, MC (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM mccarthy@cfa.harvard.edu; cgottlieb@cfa.harvard.edu;
hgupta@cfa.harvard.edu; pthaddeus@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 32
TC 256
Z9 256
U1 2
U2 23
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 2
BP L141
EP L144
DI 10.1086/510238
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MS
UT WOS:000242530700018
ER
PT J
AU Oberst, TE
Parshley, SC
Stacey, GJ
Nikola, T
Lohr, A
Harnett, JI
Tothill, NFH
Lane, AP
Stark, AA
Tucker, CE
AF Oberst, T. E.
Parshley, S. C.
Stacey, G. J.
Nikola, T.
Lohr, A.
Harnett, J. I.
Tothill, N. F. H.
Lane, A. P.
Stark, A. A.
Tucker, C. E.
TI Detection of the 205 mu m [N II] line from the Carina nebula
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE HII regions; infrared : ISM; instrumentation : spectrographs; ISM :
atoms; ISM : individual (Carina Nebula); ISM : lines and bands
ID ANTARCTIC-SUBMILLIMETER-TELESCOPE; ETA-CARINAE; C-II; EMISSION; MICRON;
REGIONS; GALAXIES; ORIGIN
AB We report the first detection of the 205 mu m P-3(t) -> (3) P-0 [NII] line from a ground- based observatory using a direct detection spectrometer. The line was detected from the Carina star formation region using the South Pole Imaging Fabry-Perot Interferometer (SPIFI) on the Antarctic Submillimeter Telescope and Remote Observatory (AST/RO) at the South Pole. The [N II] 205 mu m line strength indicates a low-density (n similar to 32 cm(-3)) ionized medium, similar to the low-density ionized halo previously reported in its [O III] 52 and 88 mu m line emission. When compared with the Infrared Space Observatory [C II] observations of this region, we find that 27% of the [C II] line emission arises from this low-density ionized gas, but the large majority (similar to 73%) of the observed [C II] line emission arises from the neutral interstellar medium. This result supports and underpins prior conclusions that most of the observed [C II] 158 mm line emission from Galactic and extragalactic sources arises from the warm, dense photodissociated surfaces of molecular clouds. The detection of the [N II] line demonstrates the utility of Antarctic sites for THz spectroscopy.
C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Wales Coll Cardiff, Dept Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3YB, S Glam, Wales.
RP Oberst, TE (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RI Tothill, Nicholas/M-6379-2016
OI Tothill, Nicholas/0000-0002-9931-5162
NR 28
TC 62
Z9 62
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 2
BP L125
EP L128
DI 10.1086/510289
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MS
UT WOS:000242530700014
ER
PT J
AU Haverkorn, M
Gaensler, BM
McClure-Griffiths, NM
Dickey, JM
Green, AJ
AF Haverkorn, M.
Gaensler, B. M.
McClure-Griffiths, N. M.
Dickey, J. M.
Green, A. J.
TI The Southern Galactic Plane Survey: Polarized radio continuum
observations and analysis
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE HII regions; ISM : magnetic fields; ISM : structure; radio continuum :
ISM; techniques : polarimetric; turbulence
ID ROTATION MEASURES; MULTIFREQUENCY POLARIMETRY; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; INNER
GALAXY; 350 MHZ; TURBULENCE; REGION; DEPOLARIZATION; ASTRONOMY;
ALGORITHM
AB The Southern Galactic Plane Survey (SGPS) is a radio survey in the 21 cm H I line and in 1.4 GHz full-polarization continuum, observed with the Australia Telescope Compact Array and the Parkes 64 m single-dish telescope. The survey spans a Galactic longitude of 253 degrees < l < 358 degrees and a latitude of \b\ < 1.degrees 5 at a resolution of 100 '' and a sensitivity below 1 mJy beam(-1). This paper presents interferometer only polarized continuum survey data and describes the data taking, analysis processes, and data products. The primary data products are the four Stokes parameters I, Q, U, and V in 25 overlapping fields of 5.degrees 5 by 3 degrees, from which polarized intensity, polarization angle, and rotation measure are calculated. We describe the effects of missing short spacings, and discuss the importance of the polarized continuum data in the SGPS for studies of fluctuations and turbulence in the ionized interstellar medium and for studying the strength and structure of the Galactic magnetic field.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
CSIRO, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia.
Univ Tasmania, Dept Phys, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
RP Haverkorn, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, 601 Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM marijke@astro.berkeley.edu; bgaensler@cfa.harvard.edu;
naomi.mcclure-griffiths@csiro.au; john.dickey@utas.edu.au;
agreen@physics.usyd.edu.au
RI Gaensler, Bryan/F-8655-2010; Dickey, John/C-6156-2013;
OI McClure-Griffiths, Naomi/0000-0003-2730-957X; Dickey,
John/0000-0002-6300-7459; Gaensler, Bryan/0000-0002-3382-9558
NR 37
TC 68
Z9 68
U1 0
U2 5
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0067-0049
J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S
JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 167
IS 2
BP 230
EP 238
DI 10.1086/508467
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 112MH
UT WOS:000242529600006
ER
PT J
AU Kaltenegger, L
Fridlund, M
Karlsson, A
AF Kaltenegger, Lisa
Fridlund, Malcolm
Karlsson, Anders
TI Interferometric space missions for the search for terrestrial
exoplanets: Requirements on the rejection ratio
SO ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE extrasolar planet search; nulling interferometer; TPF mission; DARWIN
mission; earth-like planets; terrestrial exo-planets
ID NON-SOLAR PLANETS; NULLING INTERFEROMETER; DARWIN PROJECT; TELESCOPE
AB The requirements on space missions designed to study Terrestrial exoplanets are discussed. We then investigate whether the design of such a mission, specifically the Darwin nulling interferometer, can be carried out in a simplified scenario. The key element here is accepting somewhat higher levels of stellar leakage. We establish detailed requirements resulting from the scientific rationale for the mission, and calculate detailed parameters for the stellar suppression required to achieve those requirements. We do this utilizing the Darwin input catalogue. The dominating noise source for most targets in this sample is essentially constant for all targets, while the leakage diminishes with the square of the distance. This means that the stellar leakage has an effect on the integration time only for the nearby stars, while for the more distant targets its influence decreases significantly. We assess the impact of different array configurations and nulling profiles and identify the stars for which the detection efficiency can be maximized.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
European Space Agcy, Estec, Sci Support Dept, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands.
European Space Agcy, Estec, Res & Sci Support Dept, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands.
RP Kaltenegger, L (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM lkaltenegger@cfa.harvard.edu; mfridlun@rssd.esa.int;
akarlsson@rssd.esa.int
NR 34
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0004-640X
J9 ASTROPHYS SPACE SCI
JI Astrophys. Space Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 306
IS 3
BP 147
EP 158
DI 10.1007/s10509-006-9183-z
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 113NY
UT WOS:000242605800005
ER
PT J
AU Harris, TR
AF Harris, Tara R.
TI Between-group contest competition for food in a highly folivorous
population of black and white colobus monkeys (Colobus guereza)
SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Colobus guereza; Colobine monkeys; feeding competition; between-group
contest; folivore; intergroup relationships
ID KIBALE NATIONAL-PARK; FEMALE SOCIAL RELATIONSHIPS; LANGURS
PRESBYTIS-ENTELLUS; KAKAMEGA FOREST; GROUP-SIZE; PRIMATES; ABUNDANCE;
PATTERNS; ECOLOGY; UGANDA
AB In theory, between-group contest (BGC) competition for food can greatly influence female social relationships and reproductive success in primates, but few studies have investigated whether such effects occur and, if so, under what ecological conditions. There is evidence that adult male black and white colobus monkeys (Colobus guereza, "guerezas") defend the food their mates need against other groups, suggesting that BGC competition is important in this species. Using data on feeding, ranging, vegetation patterns, and intergroup encounters between six neighboring guereza groups, I provide evidence that the highly folivorous guerezas at Kanyawara, Kibale National Park, Uganda, engaged in BGC competition over unevenly dispersed, relatively high-quality feeding areas or "core areas". Intergroup aggression was common, and groups' home ranges overlapped. Groups were more likely to initiate high-level aggression if they encountered another group within or near their core area, and groups that initiated and won encounters often fed in the same areas in which losing groups had fed. Guerezas fed selectively on species with contagious (clumped) distributions and concentrated their feeding efforts in areas of the forest that contained the most food (core areas). Groups could be ranked in a linear dominance hierarchy, and group rank number was inversely related to the quantity and quality of food in groups' core areas. This study not only provides good evidence that BGC competition occurs in primates but it also reinforces the idea that folivore food resources may be worth defending.
C1 Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Anthropol, Dept Primatol, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
Yale Univ, Dept Anthropol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
Smithsonian Natl Zool Park Conservat & Res Ctr, Front Royal, VA USA.
RP Harris, TR (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Anthropol, Dept Primatol, Deutscher Platz 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
EM taraharris1@juno.com
NR 57
TC 54
Z9 54
U1 8
U2 47
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0340-5443
EI 1432-0762
J9 BEHAV ECOL SOCIOBIOL
JI Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 61
IS 2
BP 317
EP 329
DI 10.1007/s00265-006-0261-6
PG 13
WC Behavioral Sciences; Ecology; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 109GC
UT WOS:000242294900015
ER
PT J
AU Kursar, TA
Caballero-George, CC
Capson, TL
Cubilla-Rios, L
Gerwick, WH
Gupta, MP
Ibanez, A
Linington, RG
McPhail, KL
Ortega-Barria, E
Romero, LI
Solis, PN
Coley, PD
AF Kursar, Thomas A.
Caballero-George, Catherina C.
Capson, Todd L.
Cubilla-Rios, Luis
Gerwick, William H.
Gupta, Mahabir P.
Ibanez, Alicia
Linington, Roger G.
McPhail, Kerry L.
Ortega-Barria, Eduardo
Romero, Luz I.
Solis, Pablo N.
Coley, Phyllis D.
TI Securing economic benefits and promoting conservation through
bioprospecting
SO BIOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE biodiversity conservation; benefit sharing; Convention on Biological
Diversity; ecological economics; ecosystem services
ID RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT; NATURAL-PRODUCTS; DRUG DISCOVERY;
DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; NEGLECTED DISEASES; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM;
GENETIC-RESOURCES; HEALTH; PESTICIDES; WORLD
AB Bioprospecting has frequently been cited as a sustainable use of biodiversity. Nevertheless, the level of bioprospecting in biodiversity-rich tropical regions falls below its potential, with the result that bioprospecting has produced only limited economic benefits. We present a bioprospecting program that, in addition to promoting drug discovery, provides economic benefits to and promotes conservation in Panama through the sustainable use of biodiversity. The program was initiated using insights from 20 years of nonapplied ecological research to enhance the likelihood of finding treatments for human disease. Samples are not sent abroad; rather, most of the research is carried out in Panamanian laboratories. Panama has received immediate benefits for the use of its biodiversity in the form of research funding derived from sources outside Panama, training for young Panamanian scientists, and enhanced laboratory infrastructure. Over the long term, discoveries derived from bioprospecting may help to establish research-based industries in Panama.
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Univ Panama, Panama City, Panama.
Univ Panama, Fac Pharm, Ctr Estudios Farmacognost Flora Panamena, Panama City, Panama.
INDICASAT, Clayton, Ancon, Panama.
Oregon State Univ, Coll Pharm, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Kursar, TA (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
EM kursar@biology.utah.edu
OI Gupta, Mahabir/0000-0002-9302-7864
NR 63
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 14
PU AMER INST BIOLOGICAL SCI
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1444 EYE ST, NW, STE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0006-3568
J9 BIOSCIENCE
JI Bioscience
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 56
IS 12
BP 1005
EP 1012
DI 10.1641/0006-3568(2006)56[1005:SEBAPC]2.0.CO;2
PG 8
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA 116ID
UT WOS:000242795000010
ER
PT J
AU Wise, MA
Anderson, AJ
AF Wise, Michael A.
Anderson, Alan J.
TI The emerald- and spodumene-bearing quartz veins of the Rist emerald
mine, Hiddenite, North Carolina
SO CANADIAN MINERALOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE emerald; chromian spodumene; hydrothermal quartz vein; Rist mine;
Hiddenite; North Carolina
ID FLUID INCLUSIONS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; MINERALIZATION;
PEGMATITES; STABILITY; DEPOSITS; AUSTRIA; ORIGIN; ROCKS
AB We have re-investigated the paragenesis and mineral compositions of the emerald occurrence at the Rist mine, Hiddenite, North Carolina, in order to provide a foundation for fluid-inclusion and isotopic studies, and to examine the possible relationship between emerald and spodumene mineralization and granitic pegmatites. Beryl and chromian spodumene occur entirely within quartz veins and in open cavities that occupy brittle tensional fractures in folded metamorphic rocks. Examination of cavities reveals four assemblages characterized by a specific group of minerals; characteristic minerals in the four assemblages are calcite, arnethystine quartz, spoduniene and emerald. The early stage of vein devz lopinent is characterized by the crystallization of massive quartz and followed largely by the precipitation of Ca-Fe-Mg carbonates. The occurrence of Be-, Li-, Ti-, and B-bearing minerals coupled with local contamination by Cr and V is largely penz contemporaneous with the formation of cavities. Late precipitation of pyrite, chabazite-Ca and graphite Suggests that low temperatures and reducing conditions were prevalent during the waning stages of mineral precipitation. The presence of cogenetic high- and low-X(CO2) fluid inclusions in quartz indicates that an aqueous carbonic fluid reached a state of immiscibility during vein formation. No relationship with granitic pegmatite was observed.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
St Francis Xavier Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Antigonish, NS B2G 2W5, Canada.
RP Wise, MA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM wisem@si.edu
NR 42
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 3
PU MINERALOGICAL ASSOC CANADA
PI OTTAWA
PA PO BOX 78087, MERILINE POSTAL OUTLET, 1460 MERIVALE RD, OTTAWA, ONTARIO
K2E 1B1, CANADA
SN 0008-4476
J9 CAN MINERAL
JI Can. Mineral.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 44
BP 1529
EP 1541
DI 10.2113/gscanmin.44.6.1529
PN 6
PG 13
WC Mineralogy
SC Mineralogy
GA 135PL
UT WOS:000244165400017
ER
PT J
AU Konstantinov, AS
Chamorro-Lacayo, ML
AF Konstantinov, Alexander S.
Chamorro-Lacayo, Maria Lourdes
TI A new genus of moss-inhabiting flea beetles (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae)
from the Dominican Republic.
SO COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID NEW-WORLD; CERAMBYCIDAE; PRIONINAE
AB Kiskeya new genus and two new species (K. baorucae and K. neiboe), from the Dominican Republic are described and illustrated. Kiskeya is compared to Monotalla Bechyne, Normaltica Konstantinov, and Clavicornaltica Scherer. Geographic ranges in which Greater Antillean endemics have closest relatives in the Old World are discussed.
C1 USDA, ARS, PSI, Smithsonian Inst,Systemat Entomol Lab,Natl Museum, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Konstantinov, AS (reprint author), USDA, ARS, PSI, Smithsonian Inst,Systemat Entomol Lab,Natl Museum, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM akonstan@sel.barc.usda.gov; cham0138@umn.edu
NR 19
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 0
PU COLEOPTERISTS SOC
PI ATHENS
PA UNIV GEORGIA, 413 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES BUILDING, ATHENS, GA 30602-2603
USA
SN 0010-065X
EI 1938-4394
J9 COLEOPTS BULL
JI Coleopt. Bull.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 60
IS 4
BP 275
EP 290
DI 10.1649/0010-065X(2006)60[275:ANGOMF]2.0.CO;2
PG 16
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 125VM
UT WOS:000243471300001
ER
PT J
AU Kursar, TA
Wolfe, BT
Epps, MJ
Coley, PD
AF Kursar, Thomas A.
Wolfe, Brett T.
Epps, Mary Jane
Coley, Phyllis D.
TI Food quality, competition, and parasitism influence feeding preference
in a neotropical Lepidopteran
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE competition; electivity; gelechiid; herbivore growth; Inga; leaf
expansion; lea. ng phenology; Lepidoptera; Panama; parasitism; plant
quality
ID HIGH-MORTALITY HYPOTHESIS; HOST-PLANT-SELECTION; RICAN DRY FOREST;
ENEMY-FREE SPACE; YOUNG LEAVES; RAIN-FOREST; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS;
NATURAL ENEMIES; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; PHENOLOGICAL WINDOW
AB We surveyed Lepidoptera found on 11 species of Inga ( Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) co-existing on Barro Colorado Island, Panama, to evaluate factors influencing diet choice. Of the 47 species of caterpillars ( 747 individuals) recorded, each fed on a distinct set of Inga. In the field, 96% of the individuals were found on young leaves. Growth rates of caterpillars that were fed leaves in the laboratory were 60% higher on young leaves compared to mature leaves. When caterpillars were fed leaves of nonhost Inga, they grew more slowly. These data provide support for a link between preference and performance. However, among hosts on which larvae normally occurred, faster growth rates were not associated with greater host electivity ( the proportion of larvae found on each host species in the field, corrected for host abundance). Growth rates on normal hosts were positively correlated with leaf expansion rates of the host, and fast expansion was associated with leaves with higher nutritional content. Detailed studies on a gelechiid leaf roller, the species with the largest diet breadth, allowed us to assess the importance of factors other than growth that could influence diet electivity. This species showed a 1.7-fold difference in growth rate among Inga hosts and faster growth on species with fast-expanding leaves. However, there was no correlation between caterpillar growth rate and abundance on different host species. Instead, abundance of the gelechiid on each Inga species was significantly correlated with the temporal predictability of food ( synchrony of leaf flushing) and was negatively correlated with competition ( amount of leaf area removed by species other than the gelechiid). Although rates of parasitism were high (23-43%), there were no differences among hosts. Parasitism was also not related to measures of escape, such as growth rates of caterpillars, leaf expansion rates, and synchrony of leaf production. Together, food availability, parasitism, and competition explained 84% of the variation in host preference by the gelechiid. We suggest that these ecological interactions may be particularly important in determining diet choice initially and that preferences may be reinforced by subsequent divergence in host chemistry and/or the herbivore's ability to tolerate the secondary metabolites.
C1 Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Kursar, TA (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
EM kursar@biology.utah.edu
NR 81
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 14
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 87
IS 12
BP 3058
EP 3069
DI 10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[3058:FQCAPI]2.0.CO;2
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 120OL
UT WOS:000243094300014
PM 17249231
ER
PT J
AU Hamilton, S
AF Hamilton, Shane
TI Trucking country: Food politics and the transformation of rural life in
postwar America
SO ENTERPRISE & SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
C1 Museum Natl Hist Nat, Smithsonian Inst, Dibner Inst Hist Sci & Technol, Natl Sci Fdn, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
Miller Ctr Publ Affaris, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Hamilton, S (reprint author), Museum Natl Hist Nat, Smithsonian Inst, Dibner Inst Hist Sci & Technol, Natl Sci Fdn, 306 LeConte Hall, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM shamilto@uga.edu
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1467-2227
J9 ENTERP SOC
JI Enterp. Soc
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 7
IS 4
BP 666
EP 674
DI 10.1093/es/khl041
PG 9
WC Business; History Of Social Sciences
SC Business & Economics; Social Sciences - Other Topics
GA 108WM
UT WOS:000242269900002
ER
PT J
AU Allendorf, T
Swe, KK
Oo, T
Htut, Y
Aung, M
Aung, M
Allendorf, K
Hayek, LA
Leimgrubek, P
Wemmer, C
AF Allendorf, Teri
Swe, Khaing Khaing
Oo, Thida
Htut, Ye
Aung, Myint
Aung, Myint
Allendorf, Keera
Hayek, Lee-Ann
Leimgrubek, Peter
Wemmer, Chris
TI Community attitudes toward three protected areas in Upper Myanmar
(Burma)
SO ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE attitude; Burma; conservation; management; Myanmar; park-people;
protected areas
ID NATIONAL-PARK; CONSERVATION ATTITUDES; LOCAL PEOPLE; ENVIRONMENTAL
CONCERN; SOUTH-AFRICA; RESOURCE USE; WILDLIFE; PERCEPTIONS; TANZANIA;
RESERVE
AB An effective protected area system is essential for the long-term conservation of Myanmar's biodiversity. This study examined the attitudes of 2915 residents in 97 communities around three protected areas (PAs) in upper Myanmar: Alaungdaw Kathapa National Park in the western mountains, Htamanthi Wildlife Sanctuary in the hills bordering the Chindwin and Uru rivers, and Chatthin Wildlife Sanctuary in the central dry zone. Logistic regression indicated a positive attitude toward the PAs was most highly correlated with a perception of conservation benefits and benefits resulting from management of the areas. Attitude was also significantly correlated with a perception of extraction benefits, conflicts with PA staff and crop damage by wildlife. Socioeconomic variables were less powerful than perceptions in predicting attitude and, unlike perceptions, their effects varied among the areas. The much greater effect of perceptions, especially positive ones, on people's attitudes indicates that understanding perceptions is important to improving the relationship between local residents and these PAs. This finding underscores the fact that a focus on conflicts to understand people's attitudes toward PAs may undervalue or miss critical positive perceptions that people hold. Understanding local residents' perceptions of PAs makes possible the creation of strategic, place-based management strategies that build on people's positive perceptions and mitigate their negative perceptions.
C1 Chatthin Wildlife Sanctuary, Sagaing Div, Kanbalu, Myanmar.
State High Sch, Sagaing Div, Kanbalu, Myanmar.
Alaungdaw Kathapa Natl Pk, Sagaing Div, Yinmabin, Myanmar.
Htamanthi Wildlife Sanctuary, Sagaing Div, Htamanthi, Myanmar.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Sociol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Natl Zool Pk, Conservat & Res Ctr, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA.
Calif Acad Sci, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA.
RP Allendorf, T (reprint author), 110 Elm St, Mazomanie, WI 53560 USA.
EM teriallendorf@yahoo.com
RI Leimgruber, Peter/O-1304-2015;
OI Leimgruber, Peter/0000-0002-3682-0153; Allendorf,
Keera/0000-0002-4346-6121
NR 51
TC 50
Z9 55
U1 6
U2 34
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0376-8929
J9 ENVIRON CONSERV
JI Environ. Conserv.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 4
BP 344
EP 352
DI 10.1017/S0376892906003389
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 143ML
UT WOS:000244726100007
ER
PT J
AU Wang, DJ
Li, S
McShea, WJ
Li, MF
AF Wang Dajun
Li Sheng
McShea, William J.
Li, Ming Fu
TI Use of remote-trip cameras for wildlife surveys and evaluating the
effectiveness of conservation activities at a nature reserve in Sichuan
province, China
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE monitoring; China; mammals; remote-trip cameras; protected areas
management; patrolling
ID PRESENCE-ABSENCE DATA; PROTECTED AREA MANAGEMENT; ECOREGIONAL-SCALE;
TRIGGERED CAMERAS; BIODIVERSITY; DENSITIES; ABUNDANCE; MAMMALS; COUNTS;
SYSTEM
AB Monitoring the effectiveness of management activities within reserves is always a complicated task. When the focus of management activities is mammals, it is difficult to monitor their populations in a way that is rapid, effective, and inexpensive. We report on a mammal survey of a reserve in southwest China using remote-trip cameras. We surveyed 329 locations over 2 field seasons in 2002 and 2003. Sixteen species of mammals were detected with these cameras, with four species documented for the first time. After accounting for variation due to slope, aspect, elevation, and habitat type, the distribution of six species was positively associated with the location of conservation stations and/or patrolling routes. Species of medium-sized mammals are excellent candidates for monitoring programs based on these cameras, due to their relative abundance, sufficient size to be detected by the camera units, and sensitivity to human activity. The distribution of mammals relative to management efforts is a relatively rapid means to assess reserve effectiveness. The repeat use of the cameras as part of a monitoring plan should provide a quantifiable measure of reserve effectiveness.
C1 Smithsonians Natl Zoo, Front Royal, VA 22611 USA.
Wildlife Conservat Soc, Joint Forest Ecol Program, Conservat & Res Ctr, Front Royal, VA 22611 USA.
Peking Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
RP McShea, WJ (reprint author), Smithsonians Natl Zoo, Front Royal, VA 22611 USA.
EM mcsheaw@si.edu
NR 46
TC 8
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0364-152X
EI 1432-1009
J9 ENVIRON MANAGE
JI Environ. Manage.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 38
IS 6
BP 942
EP 951
DI 10.1007/s00267-005-0302-3
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 107BW
UT WOS:000242146700006
ER
PT J
AU Hickerson, MJ
Stahl, EA
Lessios, HA
AF Hickerson, Michael J.
Stahl, Eli A.
Lessios, H. A.
TI Test for simultaneous divergence using approximate Bayesian computation
SO EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE approximate Bayesian computation; coalescent; comparative
phylogeography; echinoid; hierarchical model; meta-analysis; vicariance
ID COMPARATIVE PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; MOLECULAR CLOCK; POPULATION-STRUCTURE;
MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; GENETIC-VARIATION; SEA-URCHINS; SPECIATION; HISTORY;
MODELS; EVOLUTION
AB Comparative phylogeographic Studies often reveal disparate levels of sequence divergence between lineages spanning a common geographic barrier, leading to the conclusion that isolation was nonsynchronous. However, only rarely do researchers account for the expected variance associated with ancestral coalescence and among-taxon variation in demographic history. We introduce a flexible approximate Bayesian computational (ABC) framework that can test for simultaneous divergence (TSD) using a hierarchical model that incorporates idiosyncratic differences in demographic history across taxon pairs. The method is tested across a range of conditions and is shown to be accurate even with single-focus mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) data. We apply this method to a landmark dataset of putative simultaneous vicariance, eight geminate echinoid taxon pairs thought to have been split by the Isthmus of Panama 3.1 million years ago. The ABC posterior estimates are not consistent with a history of simultaneous vicariance given these data. Subsequent ABC estimates under a constrained model that assumes two divergence times across the eight taxon pairs suggests simultaneous divergence 3.1 million years ago in seven of the taxon pairs and a more recent divergence in the remaining taxon pair. These ABC estimates on the simultaneous divergence of the seven taxon pairs correspond to a DNA Substitution rate of approximately 1.59% per lineage per million years at the mtDNA cytochrome oxidase I gene. This ABC framework can easily be modified to analyze single taxon-pair datasets and/or be expanded to include multiple loci, migration, recombination, and other idiosyncratic demographic histories. The flexible aspect of ABC and its built-in evaluation of estimator bias and statistical power has the potential to greatly enhance statistical rigor in phylogeographic Studies.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, N Dartmouth, MA 02747 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 03092, Panama.
RP Hickerson, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sect Evolut & Ecol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM mhickerson@ucdavis.edu; estahl@umassd.edu; Lessiosh@stri.org
NR 67
TC 107
Z9 108
U1 2
U2 26
PU SOC STUDY EVOLUTION
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 E 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0014-3820
J9 EVOLUTION
JI Evolution
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 60
IS 12
BP 2435
EP 2453
PG 19
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA 124UB
UT WOS:000243394300003
PM 17263107
ER
PT J
AU Anker, A
Ahyong, ST
Noel, PY
Palmer, AR
AF Anker, Arthur
Ahyong, Shane T.
Noel, Pierre Y.
Palmer, A. Richard
TI Morphological phylogeny of alpheid shrimps: Parallel preadaptation and
the origin of a key morphological innovation, the snapping claw
SO EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Review
DE Alpheidae; adaptive radiation; character evolution; Crustacea; Decapoda;
novelty; parallel evolution
ID SYNALPHEUS-REGALIS; SPECIES CRUSTACEA; GENUS ALPHEUS; DECAPODA; CARIDEA;
EVOLUTION; ATHANAS; BEHAVIOR; PANAMA; CALIFORNIENSIS
AB The Alpheidae-possibly the most diverse family of recent decapod crustaceans-offers attractive opportunities to study the evolution of many intriguing phenomena, including key morphological innovations like spectacular snapping claws, highly specialized body forms, facultative and obligate symbioses with many animal groups, and sophisticated behaviors like eusociality. However, Studies of these remarkable adaptations remain hampered by insufficient phylogenetic information. We present the first phylogenetic hypothesis of relationships among 36 extant genera of alpheid shrimps, based on a cladistic analysis of 122 morphological characters from 56 species, and we use this hypothesis to explore evolutionary trends in morphology and species diversity. Our results Strongly supported a monophyletic Alpheidae that included two hitherto difficult-to-place genera (Yagerocaris and Pterocaris). Of 35+ nodes among genera, all were supported by at least one morphological character (24 were supported by two or more) and 17 received greater than 50% jackknife Support. Unfortunately, many basal nodes were only weakly supported. Six genera appeared nonmonophyletic, including the dominant genus Alpheus (paraphyletic due to inclusion of one clade with three minor genera). Evolutionary trends in alpheid claw form shed some revealing light on how key innovations evolve. First, several functionally significant features of the cheliped (claw bearing leg) evolved independently multiple times, including: asymmetry, folding, inverted orientation, sexual dimorphism, adhesive plaques that enhance claw cocking, and tooth-cavity systems on opposing claw fingers, a preadaptation for snapping. Many conspicuous features of alpheid claw form therefore appear prone to parallel evolution. Second, although tooth-cavity systems evolved multiple times, a functional snapping claw, which likely facilitated,in explosive radiation of over 550 species, evolved only once (in Synalpheus + [Alpheus + satellite genera]). Third, adhesive plaques (claw cocking aids) also evolved multiple times, and within snapping alpheids are associated with the most diverse clade (Alpheus + derivative genera). This pattern of parallel preadaptation-multiple independent evolutionary origins of precursors (preadaptations) to what ultimately became a key innovation (adaptation)-suggests alpheid shrimp claws are predisposed to develop features like tooth-cavity and adhesive plaque systems for functional or developmental reasons. Such functional/developmental predisposition may facilitate the origin of key innovations. Finally, moderate orbital hoods-anterior projections of the carapace partly or completely covering the eyes-occur in many higher Alpheidae and likely evolved before snapping claws. They are unique among decapod crustaceans, and their elaboration in snapping alpheids suggests they may protect the eyes from the stress of explosive snaps. Thus one key innovation (orbital hoods) may have facilitated evolution of a second (snapping claws).
C1 Univ Alberta, Dept Sci Biol, Systemat & Evolut Grp, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada.
Australian Museum, Dept Marine Invertebrates, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
Natl Museum Nat Hist, UPMC, CNRS, UMR,BOME 8044, F-75005 Paris, France.
RP Anker, A (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843, Balboa 03092, Ancon, Panama.
EM ankera@si.edu; s.ahyong@niwa.co.nz; pnoel@mnhn.fr;
rich.palmer@ualberta.ca
RI Palmer, A. Richard/A-3593-2010;
OI Palmer, A. Richard/0000-0002-7579-3899; Ahyong,
Shane/0000-0002-2820-4158
NR 108
TC 51
Z9 61
U1 7
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0014-3820
EI 1558-5646
J9 EVOLUTION
JI Evolution
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 60
IS 12
BP 2507
EP 2528
DI 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2006.tb01886.x
PG 22
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA 124UB
UT WOS:000243394300009
PM 17263113
ER
PT J
AU Turner, BL
AF Turner, Benjamin L.
TI Organic phosphorus in Madagascan rice soils
SO GEODERMA
LA English
DT Article
DE Madagascar; organic phosphorus; Oxisol; rice; soil; solution P-31
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; system of rice intensification
ID P-31 NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTROSCOPY; HUMIC-ACID
FRACTIONS; INOSITOL PHOSPHATES; LOWLAND RICE; INTENSIFICATION SRI;
TROPICAL SOILS; SEDIMENTS; SOLUBILIZATION; RHIZOSPHERE
AB As a first step towards assessing the contribution of organic phosphorus to rice nutrition, the chemical nature of phosphorus in a range of Madagascan rice soils was determined by NaOH-EDTA extraction and solution P-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. A considerable proportion of the extractable phosphorus occurred in organic forms (19-44%), mostly as phosphate monoesters, with smaller concentrations of DNA. Inositol phosphates were detected in less than half of the soils, despite their perceived abundance, while phosphate monoesters in the remaining soils consisted of the alkaline hydrolysis products of RNA and phospholipids. Organic phosphorus concentrations were greater in soils rich in organic matter, but there were no apparent differences between soils under conventional flooded rice cultivation and the system of rice intensification. Additional experiments are now required to assess the role of organic phosphorus in the nutrition of rice growing under a range of management and soil conditions. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
RP Turner, BL (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
EM turnerbl@si.edu
RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011
OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722
NR 51
TC 16
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0016-7061
J9 GEODERMA
JI Geoderma
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 136
IS 1-2
BP 279
EP 288
DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2006.03.043
PG 10
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 116XQ
UT WOS:000242837500024
ER
PT J
AU Gahn, FJ
Baumiller, TK
AF Gahn, Forest J.
Baumiller, Tomasz K.
TI Using platyceratid gastropod behaviour to test functional morphology
SO HISTORICAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Biotic interactions; escalation; functional morphology; crinoids;
Mississippian; platyceratids
ID CAMERATE CRINOIDS; PREDATION
AB During the Mississippian (Tournaisian), numerous crinoid genera of the subclass Camerata evolved exaggerated anal tubes, cylindrical extensions of the tegmen with the anus at the distal end. Additionally, camerates exhibit higher frequency of platyceratid gastropod infestation than any other crinoid clade leading some researchers to speculate that anal tubes evolved in response to platyceratid parasitism. To test the infestation avoidance role of anal tubes, platyceratid distribution was analyzed among 636 tubed and 675 tubeless crinoids from Mississippian strata in North America. Results demonstrate significantly higher infestation frequency in tubeless crinoids. Rather than attach to the anal vent, as is typical for platyceratids, the gastropods that infested tubed crinoids are always found at the tube base and acquired nutrients from their hosts via drilling. It is likely that infesting tubeless crinoids was a more cost effective trophic strategy than drilling tubed crinoids.
C1 [Gahn, Forest J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Baumiller, Tomasz K.] Univ Michigan, Museum Paleontol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Gahn, FJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM gahnf@si.edu; tomaszb@umich.edu
FU American Chemical Society [ACS-PRF 37737-AC]
FX We thank the faculty and staff from the University of Michigan and
Smithsonian Institution for their support and use of resources toward
the completion of this study. W.I. Ausich and an anonymous reviewer
provided helpful comments. This work was supported by a grant from the
American Chemical Society (ACS-PRF 37737-AC).
NR 47
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0891-2963
EI 1029-2381
J9 HIST BIOL
JI Hist. Biol.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 18
IS 4
BP 397
EP 404
DI 10.1080/08912960600668524
PG 8
WC Biology; Paleontology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Paleontology
GA 239HR
UT WOS:000326013700003
ER
PT J
AU Bernasconi, MP
Melis, R
Stanley, JD
AF Bernasconi, Maria Pia
Melis, Romana
Stanley, Jean-Daniel
TI Benthic biofacies to interpret Holocene environmental changes and human
impact in Alexandria's Eastern Harbour, Egypt
SO HOLOCENE
LA English
DT Article
DE confinement factor; foraminifera; Holocene; human impact; molluscs;
sediment cores; Alexandria; Egypt
ID NILE DELTA; LATE QUATERNARY; DEPOSITIONAL PATTERNS; MOLLUSCAN BIOFACIES;
CAESAREA MARITIMA; ADRIATIC SEA; FORAMINIFERA; EVOLUTION; ISRAEL; SHELF
AB Holocene molluscan and foraminiferal faunas, sensitive ecological markers, are statistically treated to define their temporal and spatial distributions in radiocarbon-dated cores in Alexandria's Eastern Harbour. Up-core variations of these benthic biofacies record the evolution of depositional environments during the past 8000 years in this long-occupied Eastern Mediterranean port. The most important change occurred in the mid-Holocene between similar to 6300 and similar to 4300 yr ago, a time of lower sea level and minimal human activity. This faunal change, indicating a transition from a somewhat protected to a more open and higher-energy marine environment, resulted primarily from rise of sea level, lowering of the harbour floor and diminished shielding by Pleistocene coastal ridges and reefs near the bay mouth and within the harbour. Since that time, faunal assemblages have remained generally constant, except during the period from similar to 2100 to similar to 1800 yr ago when Greeks and Romans built the Heptastadion that connected Alexandria to Pharos Island; this construction effectively separated the Eastern from the Western Harbour. Absence of a well-marked faunal change during the past 18 centuries is unexpected, particularly in light of the much-increased population and associated human effects. The harbour's overall large size, rise in relative sea level and continued exchange of marine water between the open shelf and port have maintained an active circulation pattern. The strong current regime and reworking of bottom sediments have generally masked short-term human effects and altered the harbour's late-Holocene sediment stratigraphy. These factors help explain why benthic biofacies primarily record influences of natural processes that prevailed in this relatively unconfined, high-energy marine setting rather than those of a more constricted and anthropogenically impacted port.
C1 Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Sci Terra, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, CS, Italy.
Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Sci Geol Ambientali & Marine, I-34100 Trieste, Italy.
Smithsonian Inst, NMNH, Geoarchaeol Program, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Bernasconi, MP (reprint author), Univ Calabria, Dipartimento Sci Terra, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, CS, Italy.
EM bernasconi@unical.it
NR 79
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 6
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0959-6836
J9 HOLOCENE
JI Holocene
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 16
IS 8
BP 1163
EP 1176
DI 10.1177/0959683606069423
PG 14
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 127WP
UT WOS:000243617300012
ER
PT J
AU Jones, RL
Gladman, B
Petit, JM
Rousselot, P
Mousis, O
Kavelaars, JJ
Bagatin, AC
Bernabeu, G
Benavidez, P
Parker, JW
Nicholson, P
Holman, M
Grav, T
Doressoundiram, A
Veillet, C
Scholl, H
Mars, G
AF Jones, R. L.
Gladman, B.
Petit, J-M
Rousselot, P.
Mousis, O.
Kavelaars, J. J.
Bagatin, A. Campo
Bernabeu, G.
Benavidez, P.
Parker, J. Wm.
Nicholson, P.
Holman, M.
Grav, T.
Doressoundiram, A.
Veillet, C.
Scholl, H.
Mars, G.
TI The CFEPS Kuiper Belt Survey: Strategy and presurvey results
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE trans-neptunian objects; Kuiper belt objects
ID PLANETARY MIGRATION; PLANETESIMAL DISK; SOLAR-SYSTEM; 30 AU; NEPTUNE;
OBJECTS; ORIGIN; ACCRETION; BODIES; ORBIT
AB We present the data acquisition strategy and characterization procedures for the Canada-France Ecliptic Plane Survey (CFEPS), a sub-component of the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey. The survey began in early 2003 and as of summer 2005 has covered 430 square degrees of sky within a few degrees of the ecliptic. Moving objects beyond the orbit of Uranus are detected to a magnitude limit of m (R) = 23-24 (depending on the image quality). To track as large a sample as possible and avoid introducing followup bias, we have developed a multi-epoch observing strategy that is spread over several years. We present the evolution of the uncertainties in ephemeris position and orbital elements of a small 10-object sample of objects tracked through these epochs as part of a preliminary presurvey starting a year before the main CFEPS project. We describe the CFEPS survey simulator, to be released in 2006, which allows theoretical models of the Kuiper belt to be compared with the survey discoveries. The simulator utilizes the well-documented pointing history of CFEPS, with characterized detection efficiencies as a function of magnitude and rate of motion on the sky. Using the presurvey objects we illustrate the usage of the simulator in modeling the classical Kuiper belt. The primary purpose of this paper is to allow a user to immediately exploit the CFEPS data set and releases as they become available in the coming months. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
Observ Besancon, F-25010 Besancon, France.
Univ Alicante, Dept Fis Ingn Sistemas & Teor Senal, EPSA, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
SW Res Inst, Dept Space Studies, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
Observ Paris, Lab Etud Spatiales & Instrumentat Astrophys, F-92195 Meudon, France.
Canada France Hawaii Telescope Corp, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA.
Observ Cote Azur, F-06304 Nice 4, France.
RP Jones, RL (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, 6224 Agr Rd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
EM ljones@astro.washington.edu
RI Bernabeu, Guillermo/L-4703-2014; Campo Bagatin, Adriano/L-2809-2014
OI Bernabeu, Guillermo/0000-0001-5695-0900; Campo Bagatin,
Adriano/0000-0001-9840-2216
NR 28
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 185
IS 2
BP 508
EP 522
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2006.07.024
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 125MP
UT WOS:000243446300016
ER
PT J
AU Bishop, CD
Erezyilmaz, DF
Flatt, T
Georgiou, CD
Hadfield, MG
Heyland, A
Hodin, J
Jacobs, MW
Maslakova, SA
Pires, A
Reitzel, AM
Santagata, S
Tanaka, K
Youson, JH
AF Bishop, C. D.
Erezyilmaz, D. F.
Flatt, T.
Georgiou, C. D.
Hadfield, M. G.
Heyland, A.
Hodin, J.
Jacobs, M. W.
Maslakova, S. A.
Pires, A.
Reitzel, A. M.
Santagata, S.
Tanaka, K.
Youson, J. H.
TI What is metamorphosis?
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Integrative-and-Comparative-Biology
CY JAN 04-08, 2006
CL Orlando, FL
AB Metamorphosis (Gr. meta- "change" + morphe "form") as a biological process is generally attributed to a subset of animals: most famously insects and amphibians, but some fish and many marine invertebrates as well. We held a symposium at the 2006 Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology (SICB) annual meeting in Orlando, FL (USA) to discuss metamorphosis in a comparative context. Specifically, we considered the possibility that the term "metamorphosis" could be rightly applied to non-animals as well, including fungi, flowering plants, and some marine algae. Clearly, the answer depends upon how metamorphosis is defined. As we participants differed (sometimes quite substantially) in how we defined the term, we decided to present each of our conceptions of metamorphosis in I place, rather than attempting to agree on a single consensus definition. Herein we have gathered together our various definitions of metamorphosis, and offer an analysis that highlights some of the main similarities and differences among them. We present this article not only as an introduction to this symposium volume, but also as a reference tool that can be used by others interested in metamorphosis. Ultimately, we hope that this article-and the volume as a whole-will represent a springboard for further investigations into the surprisingly deep mechanistic similarities among independently evolved life cycle transitions across kingdoms.
C1 Univ Hawaii, Kewalo Marine Lab, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Brown Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
Univ Patras, Dept Biol, Patras, Greece.
Univ Florida, Whitney Lab, St Augustine, FL 32086 USA.
Univ Washington, Friday Harbor Labs, Friday Harbor, WA 98250 USA.
Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
Dickinson Coll, Dept Biol, Carlisle, PA 17013 USA.
Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
Univ Toronto, Dept Zool, Toronto, ON, Canada.
RP Bishop, CD (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Kewalo Marine Lab, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM seastar@stanford.edu
RI Flatt, Thomas/A-7384-2009; Georgiou, Christos/B-8354-2013;
OI Georgiou, Christos/0000-0001-9707-0109; Tanaka,
Kohtaro/0000-0001-5137-3534; Heyland, Andreas/0000-0002-7592-4473
NR 0
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 1
U2 13
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 46
IS 6
BP 655
EP 661
DI 10.1093/icb/icl004
PG 7
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 111HP
UT WOS:000242442300001
PM 21672776
ER
PT J
AU Andrell, RM
Ly, S
Hagedorn, M
Carter, VL
Yancey, PH
AF Andrell, R. M.
Ly, S.
Hagedorn, M.
Carter, V. L.
Yancey, P. H.
TI Glycine betaine as the major osmolyte in larva and adult Fungia scutaria
coral
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Smithsonian Natl Zool Park, Washington, DC USA.
Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI USA.
EM yancey@whitman.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 46
SU 1
BP E165
EP E165
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA V43YJ
UT WOS:000202970100656
ER
PT J
AU Armgardt, ET
Strong, EE
AF Armgardt, Emily T.
Strong, Ellen E.
TI Ontogenetic changes in shell microstructure of freshwater gastropods
from Lake Tanganyika (Cerithioidea, Paludomidae)
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Seattle Univ, Smithsonian Inst, Seattle, WA 98122 USA.
EM amrmgardt@seattleu.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 46
SU 1
BP E166
EP E166
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA V43YJ
UT WOS:000202970100660
ER
PT J
AU Christy, JH
Dennenmoser, S
AF Christy, J. H.
Dennenmoser, S.
TI Fiddler crab claws are both beautiful and powerful weapons: a paradox
resolved
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM christyj@si.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 46
SU 1
BP E25
EP E25
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA V43YJ
UT WOS:000202970100100
ER
PT J
AU Collin, R
Weigt, L
Driskell, A
Rocha, R
Miglietta, MP
Thacker, RW
AF Collin, R.
Weigt, L.
Driskell, A.
Rocha, R.
Miglietta, M-P
Thacker, R. W.
TI All bocas barcoding alliance, part 1: DNA barcoding of the marine
organisms of Bocas del Toro, Panama.
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Washington, DC USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Univ Fed Parana, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35487 USA.
EM thacker@uab.edu
RI Collin, Rachel/G-2001-2010
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 46
SU 1
BP E181
EP E181
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA V43YJ
UT WOS:000202970100721
ER
PT J
AU Collin, R
AF Collin, R.
TI All eggs are not created equal: Inter- and intra-population variation in
gastropod egg size
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Collin, R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Washington, DC USA.
EM collinr@si.edu
RI Collin, Rachel/G-2001-2010
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 46
SU 1
BP E181
EP E181
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA V43YJ
UT WOS:000202970100719
ER
PT J
AU Hall, MI
Heesy, CP
Carrano, MT
AF Hall, M. I.
Heesy, C. P.
Carrano, M. T.
TI Inferring binocular visual field overlap in non-avian dinosaurs based on
an extant avian scaling model
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Midwestern Univ, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM margaretihall@yahoo.com
RI Carrano, Matthew/C-7601-2011
OI Carrano, Matthew/0000-0003-2129-1612
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 46
SU 1
BP E201
EP E201
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA V43YJ
UT WOS:000202970100801
ER
PT J
AU Kim, TW
Christy, JH
Choe, JC
AF Kim, T. W.
Christy, J. H.
Choe, J. C.
TI The attractiveness of courtship signals increases with predation risk
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Ewha Womans Univ, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Seoul 120750, South Korea.
EM ocean74@snu.ac.kr
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 46
SU 1
BP E74
EP E74
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA V43YJ
UT WOS:000202970100297
ER
PT J
AU Ritson-Williams, R
Paul, VJ
AF Ritson-Williams, R.
Paul, V. J.
TI Multimodal cues for Defense in aposematic nudibranchs (Opisthobranchia :
phyllidiidae)
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
EM williams@sms.si.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 46
SU 1
BP E241
EP E241
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA V43YJ
UT WOS:000202970100960
ER
PT J
AU Ritson-Williams, R
Paul, VJ
AF Ritson-Williams, R.
Paul, V. J.
TI Larval metamorphosis of phestilla spp. in response to water soluble cues
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA.
EM williams@sms.si.edu
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 46
SU 1
BP E118
EP E118
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA V43YJ
UT WOS:000202970100472
ER
PT J
AU Santos, C
Roe, P
Sadeghian, P
Sun, S
Norenburg, JL
AF Santos, C.
Roe, P.
Sadeghian, P.
Sun, S.
Norenburg, J. L.
TI Phylogeny and co-evolution in Carcinonemertidae (Nemertea),
ecto-symbiotic egg-predators on decapod crustaceans.
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Nat Museum Nat Hist, Washington 266003, DC USA.
Calif State Univ Turlock, Turlock, CA USA.
Santa Barbara Museum Nat Hist, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
Ocean Univ China, Qingdao, Peoples R China.
EM norenburgj@si.edu
RI Norenburg, Jon/K-3481-2015
OI Norenburg, Jon/0000-0001-7776-1527
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 46
SU 1
BP E124
EP E124
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA V43YJ
UT WOS:000202970100497
ER
PT J
AU Thacker, RW
Collin, R
Diaz, CM
Lambert, G
Rocha, R
Lambert, C
AF Thacker, R. W.
Collin, R.
Diaz, C. M.
Lambert, G.
Rocha, R.
Lambert, C.
TI Training in tropical taxonomy: Training for new investigators in the
field and laboratory
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Univ Washington, Friday Harbor Labs, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Univ Fed Parana, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
EM collinr@si.edu
RI Collin, Rachel/G-2001-2010
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 46
SU 1
BP E256
EP E256
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA V43YJ
UT WOS:000202970101021
ER
PT J
AU Souza, B
Roubik, D
Barth, O
Heard, T
Enriquez, E
Carvalho, C
Villas-Boas, J
Marchini, L
Locatelli, J
Persano-Oddo, L
Almeida-Muradian, L
Bogdanov, S
Vit, P
AF Souza, Bruno
Roubik, David
Barth, Ortrud
Heard, Tim
Enriquez, Eunice
Carvalho, Carlos
Villas-Boas, Jeronimo
Marchini, Luis
Locatelli, Jean
Persano-Oddo, Livia
Almeida-Muradian, Ligia
Bogdanov, Stefan
Vit, Patricia
TI Composition of stingless bee honey: Setting quality standards
SO INTERCIENCIA
LA English
DT Article
DE honey; pollen analysis; quality criteria; stingless bee honey
ID APIS-MELLIFERA L; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; POLLEN ANALYSIS; APIDAE;
MELIPONINAE; HYMENOPTERA; VENEZUELA
AB Compositional data from 152 stingless bee (Meliponini) honey samples were compiled from studies since 1964, and evaluated to propose a quality standard for this product. Since stingless bee honey has a different composition than Apis mellifera honey, some physicochemical parameters are presented according to stingless bee species. The entomological origin of the honey was known for 17 species of Meliponini from Brazil, one from Costa Rica, six from Mexico, 27 from Panama, one from Surinam, two from Trinidad & Tobago, and seven from Venezuela, most from the genus Melipona. The results varied as follows: moisture (19.9-41.9g/100g), pH (3.15-4.66), free acidity (5.9-109.Omeq/ Kg), ash (0.01-1.18g/100g), diastase activity (0.9-23.ODN), electrical conductivity (0.49-8.77mS/cm), HMF (0.4-78.4mg/Kg), invertase activity (19.8-90.1IU), nitrogen (14.34-144.00mg/100g), reducing sugars (58.0-75.7g/100g) and sucrose (1.1-4.8g/100g). Moisture content of stingless bee honey is generally higher than the 20% maximum established for A. mellifera honey. Guidelines for further contributions would help make the physicochemical database of meliponine honey more objective, in order to use such data to set quality standards. Pollen analysis should be directed towards the recognition of unifloral honeys produced by stingless bees, in order to obtain standard products from botanical species. A honey quality control campaign directed to both stingless beekeepers and stingless bee honey hunters is needed, as is harmonization of analytical methods.
C1 USP, Escola Super Agr Luiz Queiroz, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama.
Univ Fed Reconcavo Bahia, Cruz Das Almas, BA, Brazil.
RP Souza, B (reprint author), USP, Escola Super Agr Luiz Queiroz, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
EM basouza@gmail.com; roubikd@si.edu; barth@ioc.fiocruz.br;
Tim.Heard@csiro.au; eu_enriquez@yahoo.com.mx; calfredo@ufba.br;
jeronimo@rc.unesp.br; lcmarchi@esalq.usp.br; jeanlooc@hotmail.com;
livia.persano@apicoltura.org; ligiabi@usp.br; Bogdanov@alp.admin.ch;
vit@ula.ve
RI Heard, Tim/B-1125-2008; Almeida-Muradian, Ligia /C-8396-2012; Souza,
Bruno/L-4163-2016
OI Heard, Tim/0000-0003-4975-7314; Souza, Bruno/0000-0003-3692-3993
NR 66
TC 39
Z9 45
U1 4
U2 20
PU INTERCIENCIA
PI CARACAS
PA APARTADO 51842, CARACAS 1050A, VENEZUELA
SN 0378-1844
J9 INTERCIENCIA
JI Interciencia
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 31
IS 12
BP 867
EP 875
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 122FN
UT WOS:000243211200006
ER
PT J
AU Faith, JT
Behrensmeyer, AK
AF Faith, J. Tyler
Behrensmeyer, Anna K.
TI Changing patterns of carnivore modification in a landscape bone
assemblage, Amboseli Park, Kenya
SO JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE taphonomy; carnivore modification; carnivore competition; bone mineral
density; hominin transport; Amboseli
ID PLEISTOCENE HOMINIDS; OLDUVAI-GORGE; LAND-USE; DESTRUCTION; VARIABILITY;
DISARTICULATION; REPRESENTATION; PERSPECTIVES; TANZANIA; BEHAVIOR
AB This study compares the landscape-scale taphonomic signal of carnivore modification to the surficial bone assemblage in Amboseli Park, Kenya as it was in 1975 and 2002-2004. Change in predator abundances over time provides a means of assessing the taphonomic signal of carnivore-mediated bone consumption and destruction under differing ecological conditions and varying levels of conspecific competition for resources. The landscape assemblage indicates taxonomic variation in the patterning of carnivore modification to ungulates of different size classes as well as within equivalent size classes. Analyses of long bone elements indicate that the differential destruction of limb ends and the strength of the correlation between limb end abundance and bone mineral density provide an indication of the intensity of carnivore modification to a faunal assemblage. The ability to infer levels of carnivore modification based on limb elements can provide faunal analysts with the tools to determine whether the taphonomic signals in the fossil record relate to carnivore modification, hominin transport of appendicular elements, or both. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 George Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Hominid Paleobiol Dr Program, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol Evolut, Terr Ecosyst Program, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Faith, JT (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Hominid Paleobiol Dr Program, 2110 G St NW, Washington, DC 20052 USA.
EM tfaith@gwu.edu
RI Faith, Tyler/F-3450-2011; Faith, J. Tyler/E-7146-2015
NR 52
TC 43
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 10
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0305-4403
J9 J ARCHAEOL SCI
JI J. Archaeol. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 33
IS 12
BP 1718
EP 1733
DI 10.1016/j.jas.2006.03.004
PG 16
WC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geology
GA 103YQ
UT WOS:000241923500008
ER
PT J
AU Olson, SL
AF Olson, Storrs L.
TI Fossil evidence of the Rufous Crab-Hawk (Buteogallus aequinoctialis) in
Jamaica
SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Buteogallus aequinoctialis; Rufous Crab-Hawk; Buteogallus anthracinus;
Common Black-Hawk; competition; fossil birds; Holocene; West Indies
ID RED-SHOULDERED HAWK
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Olson, SL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM olsons@si.edu
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC
PI HASTINGS
PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA
SN 0892-1016
J9 J RAPTOR RES
JI J. Raptor Res.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 40
IS 4
BP 284
EP 287
DI 10.3356/0892-1016(2006)40[284:FEOTRC]2.0.CO;2
PG 4
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 134ZN
UT WOS:000244123500005
ER
PT J
AU Reinert, JF
AF Reinert, John F.
TI Description of subgenus Pardomyia theobald and comparison with the
nominotypical subgenus of Mucidus theobald (Diptera : Culicidae :
Aedini)
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Review
DE Mucidus; mosquito; Pardomyia; Mu. aurantius aurantius; Mu. aurantius
chrysogaster; Mu. painei; Mu. quadripunctis
ID ROSS RIVER VIRUS; NEW-SOUTH-WALES; WEST-AFRICAN SAVANNA; MOSQUITOS
DIPTERA; MURRAY VALLEY; TRIBE AEDINI; ARBOVIRUS EPIDEMIOLOGY; RELICTUAL
FOREST; NORTH QUEENSLAND; MAROOCHY SHIRE
AB Pardomyia is validated as a subgenus of Mucidus and primary characters are given to separate it from the nominotypical subgenus. All life stages of the subgenus are described. The subgenus occurs in the Oriental and Australasian Regions and includes Mu. aurantius aurantius, Mu. aurantius chrysogaster, Mu. painei, and Mu. quadripunctis. A "previous usage" section is provided for tracking the published generic-level history of the 14 species, one with subspecies, currently included in Mucidus.
C1 USDA ARS, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Washington, DC USA.
RP Reinert, JF (reprint author), USDA ARS, CMAVE, 1600-1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA.
NR 325
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC
PI MOUNT LAUREL
PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA
SN 8756-971X
EI 1943-6270
J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR
JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 22
IS 4
BP 586
EP 600
DI 10.2987/8756-971X(2006)22[586:DOSPTA]2.0.CO;2
PG 15
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 125LY
UT WOS:000243444600003
PM 17304923
ER
PT J
AU Bilby, K
AF Bilby, Kenneth
TI Language and rituals of Palo Monte mayombe: Cuban dioceses and their
African sources.
SO JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ANTHROPOLOGICAL INSTITUTE
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Bilby, K (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1359-0987
J9 J ROY ANTHROPOL INST
JI J. R. Anthropol. Inst.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 12
IS 4
BP 979
EP 980
DI 10.1111/j.1467-9655.2006.00372_21.x
PG 2
WC Anthropology
SC Anthropology
GA 100OE
UT WOS:000241677600032
ER
PT J
AU Turvey, ST
Grady, FV
Rye, P
AF Turvey, S. T.
Grady, F. V.
Rye, P.
TI A new genus and species of 'giant hutia' (Tainotherium valei) from the
Quaternary of Puerto Rico: an extinct arboreal quadruped?
SO JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Tainotherium; rodent; arboreal; extinct; Puerto Rico
ID STRUCTURAL ADAPTATIONS; CAVIOMORPH RODENTS; LAND MAMMALS; ZOOGEOGRAPHY;
PLEISTOCENE; WISCONSINAN; VERTEBRATES; CONTINENTS; MORPHOLOGY; PATTERNS
AB A large incomplete rodent femur from a Quaternary cave deposit near Barahona, Puerto Rico, is established as the holotype of Tainotherium valei, a new extinct genus and species. Although biogeographic and body size similarities suggest that it may be related to the Puerto Rican giant hutia Elasmodontomys, the Antillean large-bodied rodent family Heptaxodontidae is now interpreted as invalid, and it is impossible to assign Tainotherium to a particular caviomorph family in the absence of associated craniodental material. Tainotherium differs from other West Indian species in possessing a large femoral head, a proximally angled femoral neck, a short greater trochanter and a medially positioned lesser trochanter unconnected by an intertrochanteric crest, and a transversely flattened, anteroposteriorly bowed shaft lacking well-defined ridges. These characters are all associated with arboreal life habits in other mammal groups. The Puerto Rican land mammal fauna was dominated by a rodent radiation occupying a wide variety of niches before human arrival in the West Indies, but although arboreality is correlated with increased likelihood of survival in Quaternary mammalian extinction events, all of this fauna is now extinct. It is unlikely that decreasing aridity and the reduction of Puerto Rican savanna-type environments at the end of the Pleistocene contributed to the extinction of the arboreal Tainotherium, and habitat destruction by pre-Columbian Amerindians may instead have been responsible.
C1 Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, London NW1 4RY, England.
Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Turvey, ST (reprint author), Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, Regents Pk, London NW1 4RY, England.
NR 75
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0952-8369
J9 J ZOOL
JI J. Zool.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 270
IS 4
BP 585
EP 594
DI 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2006.00170.x
PG 10
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 105FV
UT WOS:000242016700005
ER
PT J
AU Tsujimori, T
Sisson, VB
Liou, JG
Harlow, GE
Sorensen, SS
AF Tsujimori, Tatsuki
Sisson, Virginia B.
Liou, Juhn G.
Harlow, George E.
Sorensen, Sorena S.
TI Very-low-temperature record of the subduction process: A review of
worldwide lawsonite eclogites
SO LITHOS
LA English
DT Review
DE cold subduction; HP-UHP metamorphism; lawsonite; eclogite; P-T
trajectory
ID MOTAGUA FAULT ZONE; NORTHERN NEW-CALEDONIA; NE NEW-CALEDONIA;
HIGH-PRESSURE METAMORPHISM; BLUESCHIST-FACIES; SEWARD PENINSULA; HYDROUS
PHASES; CAZADERO AREA; OCEANIC-CRUST; PAM PENINSULA
AB Lawsonite eclogites preserve a record of very-low-temperature conditions in subduction zones. All occur at active margin settings, typically characterized by accretionary complexes lithologies and as tectonic blocks within serpentinite-matrix melange. Peak lawsonite-eclogite facies mineral assemblages (gamet+omphacite+lawsonite+rutile) typically occur in prograde-zoned garnet porphyroblasts. Their matrix is commonly overprinted by higher-temperature epidote-bearing assemblages; greenschist- or amphibolite-facies conditions erase former lawsonite-eclogite relics. Various pseudomorphs after lawsonite occur, particularly in some blueschist/eclogite transitional facies rocks. Coesite-bearing lawsonite-eclogite xenoliths in kimberlitic pipes and lawsonite pseudomorphs in some relatively low-temperature ultrahigh-pressure eclogites are known. Using inclusion assemblages in garnet, lawsonite eclogites can be classified into two types: L-type, such as those from Guatemala and British Columbia, contain garnet porphyroblasts that grew only within the lawsonite stability field and E-type, such as from the Dominican Republic, record maximum temperature in the epidote-stability field.
Formation and preservation of lawsonite eclogites requires cold subduction to mantle depths and rapid exhumation. The earliest occurrences of lawsonite-eclogite facies mineral assemblages are Early Paleozoic in Spitsbergen and the New England fold belt of Australia; this suggests that since the Phanerozoic, secular cooling of Earth and subduction-zone thermal structures evolved the necessary high pressure/temperature conditions. Buoyancy of serpentinite and oblique convergence with a major strike-slip component may facilitate the exhumation of lawsonite eclogites from mantle depths. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Stanford Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, New York, NY 10024 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Tsujimori, T (reprint author), Kanazawa Univ, Venture Business Lab, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 9201192, Japan.
EM tatsukix@mac.com
RI Tsujimori, Tatsuki/D-2677-2009
OI Tsujimori, Tatsuki/0000-0001-9202-7312
NR 133
TC 128
Z9 142
U1 4
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0024-4937
EI 1872-6143
J9 LITHOS
JI Lithos
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 92
IS 3-4
BP 609
EP 624
DI 10.1016/j.lithos.2006.03.054
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA 119AN
UT WOS:000242984700018
ER
PT J
AU McGee, S
Piorkowski, R
Ruiz, G
AF McGee, Steven
Piorkowski, Robert
Ruiz, Gregory
TI Analysis of recent vessel arrivals and ballast water discharge in
Alaska: Toward assessing ship-mediated invasion risk
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE ships; ballast water; biological invasions; Alaska; ballast exchange
ID MARINE ORGANISMS; PATHWAY; OCEAN; PORT; SEA
AB Ships are a dominant vector for biological invasions through ballast water discharge (BWD) and hull fouling. Here, we provide a first comprehensive analysis of shipping in Alaska, summarizing (a) the number, type and origin of vessel arrivals to Alaska for 2003 and 2004, (b) the spatial and temporal variation in vessel traffic, and (c) the available data on ballast water discharge in order to prioritize locations for tracking biological invasions. Most arrivals were passenger vessels, followed by ferries and fishing vessels, all of which carried little ballast water. Regional and seasonal patterns in arrivals and BWD were unevenly distributed among vessel types. The majority of vessels reporting BWD were from foreign ports, and most of this ballast was untreated. The largest volumes of ballast were from tankers at Valdez and Kenai Peninsula ports. Although Alaska has few documented invasions, opportunities for ship-mediated transfer now appear high and warrant further scrutiny. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Juneau, AK 99811 USA.
Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
RP Piorkowski, R (reprint author), Alaska Dept Fish & Game, POB 115526, Juneau, AK 99811 USA.
EM robert_piorkowski@fishgame.state.ak.us
OI Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X
NR 38
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 1
U2 8
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 52
IS 12
BP 1634
EP 1645
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2006.06.005
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 121CY
UT WOS:000243136900019
PM 16904704
ER
PT J
AU Foley, DH
Torres, EP
AF Foley, D. H.
Torres, E. P.
TI Population structure of an island malaria vector
SO MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Anopheles flavirostris; island biogeography; malaria; mitochondrial DNA;
population genetics; Philippines
ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; ANOPHELES-FLAVIROSTRIS;
STATISTICAL PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; GEOGRAPHICAL-DISTRIBUTION;
CLADISTIC-ANALYSIS; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; WEST-AFRICA; SE ASIA; HISTORY
AB The impact of islands on the population structure of Anopheles flavirostris (Ludlow) (Diptera: Culicidae), the primary malaria vector in the Philippines, was assessed. A phylogenetic analysis of 16 cytochrome oxidase subunit I (CO1) haplotypes revealed three clades: one basal clade containing genetically disparate haplotypes from Mindanao, and two derived clades, one of which was largely confined to the largest island, Luzon, and one that was widespread except for Luzon. For the Luzon clade, nested clade analysis revealed an isolation-by-distance effect, and a mismatch distribution analysis diagnosed a recent demographic expansion (sum of squared deviation, SDD = 0.0093, P = 0.075), which mirrors demographic attributes found in mainland primary malaria vectors and could inflate estimates of gene flow from F-ST. For the widespread clade, evidence of range expansion and past fragmentation and/or long distance colonization from the Visayas or Mindanao to Palawan is suggested. A south-to-north range expansion of An. flavirostris is suggested; estimates of coalescence for the Luzon clade was 214 000 years ago (ya) (95% confidence interval 35 600-298 000 ya), i.e. late Pleistocene. Present day rather than Pleistocene island association and some, but not all, sea barriers appeared to be important for An. flavirostris population structure. Our results suggest that endemic island malaria vector species need to be considered before any generalizations are made about the population structure of primary and secondary vectors.
C1 Univ Queensland, Trop Hlth Program, Australian Ctr Int & Trop Hlth & Nutr, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
Queensland Inst Med Res, Brisbane, Qld 4006, Australia.
Res Inst Trop Med, Alabang, Metro Manila, Philippines.
RP Foley, DH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, MSC MRC 534, 4210 Silver Hall Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA.
EM foleydes@si.edu
OI Foley, Desmond/0000-0001-7525-4601
FU Wellcome Trust
NR 40
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 2
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-283X
J9 MED VET ENTOMOL
JI Med. Vet. Entomol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 20
IS 4
BP 393
EP 401
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2006.00647.x
PG 9
WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 125FW
UT WOS:000243428800007
PM 17199751
ER
PT J
AU Reisener, RJ
Goldstein, JI
Petaev, MI
AF Reisener, R. J.
Goldstein, J. I.
Petaev, M. I.
TI Olivine zoning and retrograde olivine-orthopyroxene-metal equilibration
in H5 and H6 chondrites
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMAL HISTORIES; PHASE-EQUILIBRIA; STONY METEORITES; SYSTEM;
INTERDIFFUSION; METALLOGRAPHY; TEMPERATURES; THERMOMETRY; CHONDRULES;
MINERALS
AB Electron microprobe studies of several H5 and H6 chondrites reveal that olivine crystals exhibit systematic Fe-Mg zoning near olivine-metal interfaces. Olivine Fa concentrations decrease by up to 2 mol% toward zoned taenite + kamacite particles (formed after relatively small amounts of taenite undercooling) and increase by up to 2 mol% toward zoneless plessite particles (formed after similar to 200 degrees C of taenite undercooling).
The olivine zoning can be understood in terms of localized olivine-orthopyroxene-metal reactions during cooling from the peak metamorphic temperature. The silicate-metal reactions were influenced by solid-state metal phase transformations, and the two types of olivine zoning profiles resulted from variable amounts of taenite undercooling at temperatures < 700 degrees C. The relevant silicate-metal reactions are modeled using chemical thermodynamics.
Systematic olivine Fe-Mg zoning adjacent to metal is an expected consequence of retrograde silicate-metal reactions, and the presence of such zoning provides strong evidence that the silicate and metallic minerals evolved in situ during cooling from the peak metamorphic temperature.
C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Reisener, RJ (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM reisener@mail.com
NR 35
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1086-9379
EI 1945-5100
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 41
IS 12
BP 1839
EP 1852
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 117GC
UT WOS:000242860000001
ER
PT J
AU Fiestas, J
Spurzem, R
Kim, E
AF Fiestas, J.
Spurzem, R.
Kim, E.
TI 2D Fokker-Planck models of rotating clusters
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE gravitation; stellar dynamics; methods : numerical; globular clusters :
general
ID N-BODY SIMULATIONS; ANISOTROPIC VELOCITY DISTRIBUTIONS; COLOR-MAGNITUDE
DIAGRAMS; POST-COLLAPSE EVOLUTION; GLOBULAR STAR-CLUSTERS;
SMALL-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; EQUAL-MASS SYSTEM; OMEGA-CENTAURI; DYNAMICAL
EVOLUTION; STELLAR-SYSTEMS
AB Globular clusters rotate significantly, and with the increasing amount of detailed morphological and kinematical data obtained in recent years on galactic globular clusters many interesting features show up. We show how our theoretical evolutionary models of rotating clusters can be used to obtain fits, which at least properly model the overall rotation and its implied kinematics in full 2D detail (dispersions, rotation velocities). Our simplified equal mass axisymmetric rotating model provides detailed two-dimensional kinematical and morphological data for star clusters. The degree of rotation is not dominant in energy, but also non-negligible for the phase-space distribution function, shape and kinematics of clusters. Therefore, the models are well applicable for galactic globular clusters. Since previously published papers on that matter by us made it difficult to do detailed comparisons with observations, we provide a much more comprehensive and easy-to-use set of data here, which uses as entries dynamical age and flattening of observed cluster and then offers a limited range of applicable models in full detail. The method, data structure and some exemplary comparison with observations are presented. Future work will improve modelling and data base to take a central black hole, a mass spectrum and stellar evolution into account.
C1 Univ Heidelberg, Astron Rech Inst, Zentrum Astron, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Fiestas, J (reprint author), Univ Heidelberg, Astron Rech Inst, Zentrum Astron, Monchhofstr 12-14, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
EM fiestas@ari.uni-heidelberg.de; spurzem@ari.uni-heidelberg.de;
ekim@head.cfa.harvard.edu
NR 79
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD DEC 1
PY 2006
VL 373
IS 2
BP 677
EP 686
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.11036.x
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 106PT
UT WOS:000242113900019
ER
PT J
AU Afshordi, N
AF Afshordi, Niayesh
TI Intracluster medium through three years of WMAP
SO NEW ASTRONOMY REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Fundamental Physics with Cosmic Microwave Background
Radiation
CY MAR 23-25, 2006
CL Arnold & Nable Beckman Ctr, Natl Acad Sci & Engn, Irvine, CA
HO Arnold & Nable Beckman Ctr, Natl Acad Sci & Engn
DE cosmology; cosmic microwave background; methods : data analysis;
intergalactic medium
ID MASS-TEMPERATURE RELATION; GALAXY CLUSTERS; X-RAY; BARYONS; SAMPLE;
MAPS; GAS
AB Wilkinson microwave anisotropy probe (WMAP) has provided us with the highest resolution all-sky maps of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). As a result of thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect, clusters of galaxies are imprinted as tiny, poorly resolved dips on top of primary CMB anisotropies in these maps. Here, I describe different efforts to extract the physics of intracluster medium (1CM) from the sea of primary CMB, through combining WMAP with low-redshift galaxy or X-ray cluster surveys. This finally culminates at a mean (universal) ICM pressure profile, which is for the first time directly constrained from WMAP 3 year maps, and leads to interesting constraints on the ICM baryonic budget. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Afshordi, N (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, MS-51,60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM nafshordi@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1387-6473
J9 NEW ASTRON REV
JI New Astron. Rev.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 50
IS 11-12
BP 905
EP 908
DI 10.1016/j.newar.2006.09.022
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 122PW
UT WOS:000243239900012
ER
PT J
AU De Klerk, L
Michel, AL
Grobler, DG
Beingis, RG
Bush, M
Kriek, NPJ
Hofmeyr, MS
Griffin, JFT
Mackintosh, CG
AF De Klerk, L.
Michel, A. L.
Grobler, D. G.
Beingis, R. G.
Bush, M.
Kriek, N. P. J.
Hofmeyr, M. S.
Griffin, J. F. T.
Mackintosh, C. G.
TI An experimental intratonsilar infection model for bovine tuberculosis in
African buffaloes, Syncerus caffer
SO ONDERSTEPOORT JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE African buffalo; Bacille Calmette-Guerin; bovine tuberculosis;
intratonsilar infection model; Kruger National Park; Mycobacterium
bovis; Syncerus caffer
ID KRUGER-NATIONAL-PARK; POSSUM TRICHOSURUS-VULPECULA; BACILLE
CALMETTE-GUERIN; GAMMA-INTERFERON TEST; MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS;
VACCINATION; CATTLE; BCG; PROTECTION; SPARRMAN
AB An infection model for Mycobacterium bovis in African buffaloes, Syncerus caffer, was developed, using the intratonsilar route of inoculation. Two groups of 11 buffaloes each, aged approximately 18 months, were infected with either 3.2 x 10(2) cfu (low dose) or 3 x 10(4) cfu (high dose) of M. bovis strain isolated from a buffalo. A control group of six buffaloes received saline via the same route. The infection status was monitored in vivo using the comparative intradermal tuberculin test, and in vitro by the modified interferon-gamma assay. All buffaloes were euthanazed 22 weeks post infection and lesion development was assessed by macroscopic examination, culture and histopathology. It was found that the high dose caused macroscopic lesions in nine out of 11 buffaloes. Mycobacterium bovis was isolated from all buffaloes in the high-dose group and from six out of 11 in the low-dose group.
C1 S African Natl Pk, ZA-1350 Skukuza, South Africa.
ARC OVI, ZA-0110 Onderstepoort, South Africa.
Kruger Natl Pk, Off State Vet, ZA-1350 Skukuza, South Africa.
Smithsonian Inst, Conservat & Res Ctr, Front Royal, VA USA.
Univ Pretoria, Fac Vet Sci, ZA-0110 Onderstepoort, South Africa.
Univ Otago, Dept Microbiol, Dis Res Lab, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Invermay Agr Res Ctr, Deer Res Unit, Mosgiel, New Zealand.
RP De Klerk, L (reprint author), S African Natl Pk, Private Bag X402, ZA-1350 Skukuza, South Africa.
OI Michel, Anita/0000-0001-9240-2653
NR 29
TC 5
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 2
PU ONDERSTEPOORT VETERINARY INST, AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH COUNCIL
PI ONDERSTEPOORT
PA PRIVATE BAG X5, ONDERSTEPOORT 0110, SOUTH AFRICA
SN 0030-2465
J9 ONDERSTEPOORT J VET
JI Onderstepoort J. Vet. Res.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 73
IS 4
BP 293
EP 303
PG 11
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA 124HT
UT WOS:000243359600008
PM 17283730
ER
PT J
AU Kiel, S
Goedert, JL
AF Kiel, Steffen
Goedert, James L.
TI A wood-fall association from late Eocene deep-water sediments of
Washington State, USA
SO PALAIOS
LA English
DT Article
ID COLD-SEEP LIMESTONES; NEW-SOUTH-WALES; HYDROTHERMAL VENTS; NEW-ZEALAND;
OLYMPIC PENINSULA; BORING BIVALVES; OLIGOCENE ROCKS; SEA; MOLLUSCA;
GASTROPODA
AB Fossil wood fragments and an associated species-rich invertebrate assemblage, analogous to those found on wood falls in the deep sea today, were found in late Eocene deep-water sediments of the Lincoln Creek Formation in Washington State, United States. This assemblage is the earliest known complex deep-sea biologic community based on decaying wood as its primary source of nutrients. The 495 recovered fossils (exclusive of foraminiferans) belong to 21 species; 7 species relied directly on the wood, either by ingesting it or by feeding on xylophagous microbes; these species are also the most abundant. Seven species were predators or scavengers that were most likely attracted by the wood-dependent species. The remaining seven species represent predators, detritus feeders, and suspension feeders that may or may not have had a relation to the wood fall or its fauna. All species had a benthic mode of life, and pseudoplanktonic taxa are absent, indicating that the colonization of the wood began only once it had arrived on the deep-sea floor. The wood-dependent species belong to taxa that fill the same ecologic niche in the deep sea today, indicating that the modern wood-fall ecosystem had evolved at least by late Eocene time. There is no uniformity or specialization of dispersal strategies among the recovered taxa; they rather reflect those of the phylogenetic group to which they belong. The wood-fall assemblage described here shares several families with fossil whale falls and cold seeps but very few species, a condition that can also be observed at modern examples of these ecosystems.
C1 Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
Smithsonian Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Univ Washington, Burke Museum, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Kiel, S (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
EM steffen.kiel@gmx.de
RI Kiel, Steffen/C-3150-2009
OI Kiel, Steffen/0000-0001-6281-100X
NR 61
TC 43
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 5
PU SEPM-SOC SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
PI TULSA
PA 6128 EAST 38TH ST, STE 308, TULSA, OK 74135-5814 USA
SN 0883-1351
J9 PALAIOS
JI Palaios
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 6
BP 548
EP 556
DI 10.2110/palo.2005.p05-086r
PG 9
WC Geology; Paleontology
SC Geology; Paleontology
GA 116ZW
UT WOS:000242843300004
ER
PT J
AU Tegmark, M
Eisenstein, DJ
Strauss, MA
Weinberg, DH
Blanton, MR
Frieman, JA
Fukugita, M
Gunn, JE
Hamilton, AJS
Knapp, GR
Nichol, RC
Ostriker, JP
Padmanabhan, N
Percival, WJ
Schlegel, DJ
Schneider, DP
Scoccimarro, R
Seljak, U
Seo, HJ
Swanson, M
Szalay, AS
Vogeley, MS
Yoo, J
Zehavi, I
Abazajian, K
Anderson, SF
Annis, J
Bahcall, NA
Bassett, B
Berlind, A
Brinkmann, J
Budavari, T
Castander, F
Connolly, A
Csabai, I
Doi, M
Finkbeiner, DP
Gillespie, B
Glazebrook, K
Hennessy, GS
Hogg, DW
Ivezic, Z
Jain, B
Johnston, D
Kent, S
Lamb, DQ
Lee, BC
Lin, H
Loveday, J
Lupton, RH
Munn, JA
Pan, K
Park, C
Peoples, J
Pier, JR
Pope, A
Richmond, M
Rockosi, C
Scranton, R
Sheth, RK
Stebbins, A
Stoughton, C
Szapudi, I
Tucker, DL
Vanden Berk, DE
Yanny, B
York, DG
AF Tegmark, Max
Eisenstein, Daniel J.
Strauss, Michael A.
Weinberg, David H.
Blanton, Michael R.
Frieman, Joshua A.
Fukugita, Masataka
Gunn, James E.
Hamilton, Andrew J. S.
Knapp, Gillian R.
Nichol, Robert C.
Ostriker, Jeremiah P.
Padmanabhan, Nikhil
Percival, Will J.
Schlegel, David J.
Schneider, Donald P.
Scoccimarro, Roman
Seljak, Uros
Seo, Hee-Jong
Swanson, Molly
Szalay, Alexander S.
Vogeley, Michael S.
Yoo, Jaiyul
Zehavi, Idit
Abazajian, Kevork
Anderson, Scott F.
Annis, James
Bahcall, Neta A.
Bassett, Bruce
Berlind, Andreas
Brinkmann, Jon
Budavari, Tamas
Castander, Francisco
Connolly, Andrew
Csabai, Istvan
Doi, Mamoru
Finkbeiner, Douglas P.
Gillespie, Bruce
Glazebrook, Karl
Hennessy, Gregory S.
Hogg, David W.
Ivezic, Zeljko
Jain, Bhuvnesh
Johnston, David
Kent, Stephen
Lamb, Donald Q.
Lee, Brian C.
Lin, Huan
Loveday, Jon
Lupton, Robert H.
Munn, Jeffrey A.
Pan, Kaike
Park, Changbom
Peoples, John
Pier, Jeffrey R.
Pope, Adrian
Richmond, Michael
Rockosi, Constance
Scranton, Ryan
Sheth, Ravi K.
Stebbins, Albert
Stoughton, Christopher
Szapudi, Istvan
Tucker, Douglas L.
Vanden Berk, Daniel E.
Yanny, Brian
York, Donald G.
TI Cosmological constraints from the SDSS luminous red galaxies
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D
LA English
DT Review
ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; POWER-SPECTRUM
ANALYSIS; CFA REDSHIFT SURVEY; MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES;
PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; COSMIC COMPLEMENTARITY; ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS;
INFLATIONARY UNIVERSE; EIGENMODE ANALYSIS
AB We measure the large-scale real-space power spectrum P(k) using luminous red galaxies (LRGs) in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and use this measurement to sharpen constraints on cosmological parameters from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP). We employ a matrix-based power spectrum estimation method using Pseudo-Karhunen-Loeve eigenmodes, producing uncorrelated minimum-variance measurements in 20 k-bands of both the clustering power and its anisotropy due to redshift-space distortions, with narrow and well-behaved window functions in the range 0.01h/Mpc < k < 0.2h/Mpc. Results from the LRG and main galaxy samples are consistent, with the former providing higher signal-to-noise. Our results are robust to omitting angular and radial density fluctuations and are consistent between different parts of the sky. They provide a striking confirmation of the predicted large-scale Lambda CDM power spectrum. Combining only SDSS LRG and WMAP data places robust constraints on many cosmological parameters that complement prior analyses of multiple data sets. The LRGs provide independent cross-checks on Omega(m) and the baryon fraction in good agreement with WMAP. Within the context of flat Lambda CDM models, our LRG measurements complement WMAP by sharpening the constraints on the matter density, the neutrino density and the tensor amplitude by about a factor of 2, giving Omega(m)=0.24 +/- 0.02 (1 sigma), (95%) and r < 0.3 (95%). Baryon oscillations are clearly detected and provide a robust measurement of the comoving distance to the median survey redshift z=0.35 independent of curvature and dark energy properties. Within the Lambda CDM framework, our power spectrum measurement improves the evidence for spatial flatness, sharpening the curvature constraint Omega(tot)=1.05 +/- 0.05 from WMAP alone to Omega(tot)=1.003 +/- 0.010. Assuming Omega(tot)=1, the equation of state parameter is constrained to w=-0.94 +/- 0.09, indicating the potential for more ambitious future LRG measurements to provide precision tests of the nature of dark energy. All these constraints are essentially independent of scales k > 0.1h/Mpc and associated nonlinear complications, yet agree well with more aggressive published analyses where nonlinear modeling is crucial.
C1 MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
NYU, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA.
Univ Chicago, Ctr Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA.
Univ Tokyo, Inst Cosm Ray Res, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778582, Japan.
Univ Colorado, Joint Inst Lab Astrophys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetry Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth P01 2EG, Hants, England.
Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
Abdus Salaam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, I-34014 Trieste, Italy.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Astron, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Theoret, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Cape Town, South Africa.
Univ Cape Town, Dept Appl Math, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa.
Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA.
CSIC, Inst Estudis Espacials Catalunya, ES-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA.
Univ Tokyo, Inst Astron, Tokyo 1810015, Japan.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
US Geol Survey, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
Univ Penn, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
Gatan Inc, Pleasanton, CA 94588 USA.
Univ Sussex, Sussex Astron Ctr, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England.
Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Astron, Seoul 151742, South Korea.
Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Tegmark, M (reprint author), MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RI Padmanabhan, Nikhil/A-2094-2012; Csabai, Istvan/F-2455-2012; Glazebrook,
Karl/N-3488-2015;
OI Glazebrook, Karl/0000-0002-3254-9044; Csabai,
Istvan/0000-0001-9232-9898; Hogg, David/0000-0003-2866-9403; Tucker,
Douglas/0000-0001-7211-5729
NR 184
TC 956
Z9 963
U1 1
U2 19
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 2470-0010
EI 2470-0029
J9 PHYS REV D
JI Phys. Rev. D
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 74
IS 12
AR 123507
DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.74.123507
PG 34
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics
GA 121QJ
UT WOS:000243171800028
ER
PT J
AU Kudoh, H
Shimamura, R
Takayama, K
Whigham, DF
AF Kudoh, Hiroshi
Shimamura, Ryouji
Takayama, Koji
Whigham, Dennis F.
TI Consequences of hydrochory in Hibiscus
SO PLANT SPECIES BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE genetic structure; Hibiscus; hydrochory; metapopulation; seed dispersal;
seed bank
ID PLANT-SPECIES RICHNESS; SEED DISPERSAL; GENETIC-STRUCTURE;
TRILLIUM-GRANDIFLORUM; MOSCHEUTOS MALVACEAE; RIPARIAN PLANT; RIVER
SYSTEM; POPULATIONS; DYNAMICS; FLOW
AB Seed dispersal provides a template upon which the demographic processes of plant life cycles operate and, most importantly, seed dispersal determines the spatial distribution of genetic variation. Here, we review recent studies on seed dispersal by water (hydrochory) in species of Hibiscus to elucidate the potential ecological and evolutionary consequences of hydrochory at different spatiotemporal scales. We consider seed dispersal related processes that determine the distribution and dynamics of genetic variation, that is, the spatial shuffling effect of the seed bank that modifies genetic make-up within a population, the formation of a genetic reservoir within a metapopulation, and lineage dispersions and speciation that may produce patterns in plant phylogeography. Seed movement patterns within ecological time and space are likely to leave non-random patterns in long-term plant evolution and phylogeny.
C1 Kobe Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Nada Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan.
Chiba Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Inage Ku, Chiba 2638522, Japan.
Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
RP Kudoh, H (reprint author), Kobe Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Nada Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan.
EM kudoh@kobe-u.ac.jp
OI Whigham, Dennis/0000-0003-1488-820X
NR 50
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0913-557X
J9 PLANT SPEC BIOL
JI Plant Spec. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 3
BP 127
EP 133
DI 10.1111/j.1442-1984.2006.00158.x
PG 7
WC Plant Sciences; Ecology
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 098DF
UT WOS:000241500500001
ER
PT J
AU Christen, CA
AF Christen, CA
TI Public history and the environment
SO PUBLIC HISTORIAN
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Christen, CA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CALIF PRESS
PI BERKELEY
PA C/O JOURNALS DIVISION, 2000 CENTER ST, STE 303, BERKELEY, CA 94704-1223
USA
SN 0272-3433
J9 PUBL HISTORIAN
JI Public Hist.
PD WIN
PY 2006
VL 28
IS 1
BP 135
EP 137
DI 10.1525/tph.2006.28.1.135
PG 3
WC History
SC History
GA 025WB
UT WOS:000236296700015
ER
PT J
AU Stefanik, RP
Latham, DW
Davis, RJ
AF Stefanik, Robert P.
Latham, David W.
Davis, Robert J.
TI Constant-velocity stars at the north Galactic pole suitable for use as
secondary velocity standards
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIAL-VELOCITIES; BINARIES; SEARCH
AB We present mean radial velocities for 143 stars in Selected Area 57 at the north Galactic pole that are suitable for use as secondary velocity standards. The stars were drawn from a magnitude-limited sample and are mostly fainter than 11th magnitude in V. They span a wide range of effective temperatures and surface gravities and thus provide a suitable source of targets for observed templates. The mean radial velocities are based on at least 10 observations spanning at least 8200 days, and are accurate typically to 0.2 km s(-1), with no obvious signs of variable velocity or composite spectra.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Stefanik, RP (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM rstefanik@cfa.harvard.edu; dlatham@cfa.harvard.edu;
rdavis@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 16
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6280
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 118
IS 850
BP 1656
EP 1665
DI 10.1086/510104
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 127DQ
UT WOS:000243565900005
ER
PT J
AU Meyer, MR
Hillenbrand, LA
Backman, D
Beckwith, S
Bouwman, J
Brooke, T
Carpenter, J
Cohen, M
Cortes, S
Crockett, N
Gorti, U
Henning, T
Hines, D
Hollenbach, D
Kim, JS
Lunine, J
Malhotra, R
Mamajek, E
Metchev, S
Moro-Martin, A
Morris, P
Najita, J
Padgett, D
Pascucci, I
Rodmann, J
Schlingman, W
Silverstone, M
Soderblom, D
Stauffer, J
Stobie, E
Strom, S
Watson, D
Weidenschilling, S
Wolf, S
Young, E
AF Meyer, Michael R.
Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
Backman, Dana
Beckwith, Steve
Bouwman, Jeroen
Brooke, Tim
Carpenter, John
Cohen, Martin
Cortes, Stephanie
Crockett, Nathan
Gorti, Uma
Henning, Thomas
Hines, Dean
Hollenbach, David
Kim, Jinyoung Serena
Lunine, Jonathan
Malhotra, Renu
Mamajek, Eric
Metchev, Stanimir
Moro-Martin, Amaya
Morris, Pat
Najita, Joan
Padgett, Deborah
Pascucci, Ilaria
Rodmann, Jens
Schlingman, Wayne
Silverstone, Murray
Soderblom, David
Stauffer, John
Stobie, Elizabeth
Strom, Steve
Watson, Dan
Weidenschilling, Stuart
Wolf, Sebastian
Young, Erick
TI The formation and evolution of planetary systems: Placing our solar
system in context with Spitzer
SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC
LA English
DT Article
ID SUN-LIKE STARS; T-TAURI STARS; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; MULTIBAND
IMAGING PHOTOMETER; CIRCUMSTELLAR DEBRIS DISKS; INFRARED ARRAY CAMERA;
SPACE-TELESCOPE; UPPER LIMITS; KUIPER-BELT; YOUNG STARS
AB We provide an overview of the Spitzer Legacy Program, Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems, that was proposed in 2000, begun in 2001, and executed aboard the Spitzer Space Telescope between 2003 and 2006. This program exploits the sensitivity of Spitzer to carry out mid-infrared spectrophotometric observations of solar-type stars. With a sample of similar to 328 stars ranging in age from similar to 3 Myr to similar to 3 Gyr, we trace the evolution of circumstellar gas and dust from primordial planet-building stages in young circumstellar disks through to older collisionally generated debris disks. When completed, our program will help define the timescales over which terrestrial and gas giant planets are built, constrain the frequency of planetesimal collisions as a function of time, and establish the diversity of mature planetary architectures. In addition to the observational program, we have coordinated a concomitant theoretical effort aimed at understanding the dynamics of circumstellar dust with and without the effects of embedded planets, dust spectral energy distributions, and atomic and molecular gas line emission. Together with the observations, these efforts will provide an astronomical context for understanding whether our solar system - and its habitable planet - is a common or a rare circumstance. Additional information about the FEPS project can be found on the team Web site.
C1 Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Stratospher Observ Infrared Astron, Mountain View, CA USA.
SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA USA.
Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Radio Astron Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA.
NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Theory Branch, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA.
Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
CALTECH, Herschel Sci Ctr, IPAC, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA.
Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Meyer, MR (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM mmeyer@as.arizona.edu
OI Malhotra, Renu/0000-0002-1226-3305
NR 64
TC 70
Z9 70
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6280
J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC
JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 118
IS 850
BP 1690
EP 1710
DI 10.1086/510099
PG 21
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 127DQ
UT WOS:000243565900009
ER
PT J
AU Smythe, AB
Sanderson, MJ
Nadler, SA
AF Smythe, Ashleigh B.
Sanderson, Michael J.
Nadler, Steven A.
TI Nematode small subunit phylogeny correlates with alignment parameters
SO SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE multiple alignment; Nematoda; phylogeny reconstruction; ribosomal RNA
ID MULTIPLE-SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; RNA SECONDARY STRUCTURE; 18S RIBOSOMAL-RNA;
GENE-SEQUENCES; EVOLUTION; OPTIMIZATION; MORPHOLOGY; SENSITIVITY;
RHABDITIDAE; MOLECULES
AB The number of nuclear small subunit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequences for Nematoda has increased dramatically in recent years, and although their use in constructing phylogenies has also increased, relatively little attention has been given to their alignment. Here we examined the sensitivity of the nematode SSU data set to different alignment parameters and to the removal of alignment ambiguous regions. Ten alignments were created with CLUSTAL W using different sets of alignment parameters (10 full alignments), and each alignment was examined by eye and alignment ambiguous regions were removed (creating 10 reduced alignments). These alignment ambiguous regions were analyzed as a third type of data set, culled alignments. Maximum parsimony, neighbor-joining, and parsimony bootstrap analyses were performed. The resulting phylogenies were compared to each other by the symmetric difference distance tree comparison metric (SymD). The correlation of the phylogenies with the alignment parameters was tested by comparing matrices from SymD with corresponding matrices of Manhattan distances representing the alignment parameters. Differences among individual parsimony trees from the full alignments were frequently correlated with the differences among alignment parameters (580/1000 tests), as were trees from the culled alignments (403/1000 tests). Differences among individual parsimony trees from the reduced alignments were less frequently correlated with the differences among alignment parameters (230/1000 tests). Differences among majority-rule consensus trees (50%) from the parsimony analysis of the full alignments were significantly correlated with the differences among alignment parameters, whereas consensus trees from the reduced and culled analyses were not correlated with the alignment parameters. These patterns of correlation confirm that choice of alignment parameters has the potential to bias the resultant phylogenies for the nematode SSU data set, and suggest that the removal of alignment ambiguous regions reduces this effect. Finally, we discuss the implications of conservative phylogenetic hypotheses for Nematoda produced by exploring alignment space and removing alignment ambiguous regions for SSU rDNA.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nematol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Sect Ecol & Evolut, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Smythe, AB (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, NMNH, POB 37012,MRC 163, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM smythea@si.edu
NR 83
TC 48
Z9 49
U1 1
U2 15
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1063-5157
J9 SYSTEMATIC BIOL
JI Syst. Biol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 55
IS 6
BP 972
EP 992
DI 10.1080/10635150601089001
PG 21
WC Evolutionary Biology
SC Evolutionary Biology
GA 124HQ
UT WOS:000243359300010
PM 17345678
ER
PT J
AU Lovelock, CE
Ruess, RW
Feller, IC
AF Lovelock, Catherine E.
Ruess, Roger W.
Feller, Ilka C.
TI Fine root respiration in the mangrove Rhizophora mangle over variation
in forest stature and nutrient availability
SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Belize; fertilization; nitrogen; phosphorus
ID POTENTIAL GROWTH-RATE; NITROGEN CONCENTRATION; SOIL RESPIRATION;
PHOTOSYNTHESIS; DYNAMICS; PLANTS; TEMPERATURE; LIMITATION; ENRICHMENT;
HERBIVORY
AB Root respiration uses a significant proportion of photosynthetically fixed carbon (C) and is a globally important source of C liberated from soils. Mangroves, which are an important and productive forest resource in many tropical and subtropical countries, sustain a high ratio of root to shoot biomass which may indicate that root respiration is a particularly important component in mangrove forest carbon budgets. Mangroves are often exposed to nutrient pollution from coastal waters. Here we assessed the magnitude of fine root respiration in mangrove forests in Belize and investigated how root respiration is influenced by nutrient additions.
Respiration rates of excised fine roots of the mangrove, Rhizophora mangle L., were low (4.01 +/- 0.16 nmol CO2 g(-1) s(-1)) compared to those measured in temperate tree species at similar temperatures. In an experiment where trees where fertilized with nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) in low productivity dwarf forests (1-2 m height) and more productive, taller (47 m height) seaward fringing forests, respiration of fine roots did not vary consistently with fertilization treatments or with forest stature. Fine roots of taller fringe trees had higher concentrations of both N and P compared to dwarf trees. Fertilization with P enhanced fine root P concentrations in both dwarf and fringe trees, but reduced root N concentrations compared to controls. Fertilization with N had no effect on root N or P concentrations. Unlike photosynthetic C gain and growth, which is strongly limited by P availability in dwarf forests at this site, fine root respiration (expressed on a mass basis) was variable, but showed no significant enhancements with nutrient additions. Variation in fine root production and standing biomass are, therefore, likely to be more important factors determining C efflux from mangrove sediments than variations in fine root respiration per unit mass.
C1 Univ Queensland, Ctr Marine Studies, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arct Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
RP Lovelock, CE (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Ctr Marine Studies, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
EM c.lovelock@uq.edu.au
RI Lovelock, Catherine/G-7370-2012;
OI Lovelock, Catherine/0000-0002-2219-6855; Feller,
Ilka/0000-0002-6391-1608
NR 37
TC 17
Z9 21
U1 3
U2 30
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0829-318X
EI 1758-4469
J9 TREE PHYSIOL
JI Tree Physiol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 26
IS 12
BP 1601
EP 1606
PG 6
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 112VU
UT WOS:000242556700010
PM 17169899
ER
PT J
AU Bridgham, SD
Megonigal, JP
Keller, JK
Bliss, NB
Trettin, C
AF Bridgham, Scott D.
Megonigal, J. Patrick
Keller, Jason K.
Bliss, Norman B.
Trettin, Carl
TI The carbon balance of North American wetlands
SO WETLANDS
LA English
DT Review
DE carbon; methane; North America; plants; sedimentation; soil; wetlands
ID CONTINENTAL WESTERN CANADA; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; SOUTHERN
ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; FRESH-WATER WETLANDS; NEW-YORK-STATE; METHANE
EMISSIONS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ELEVATED CO2; ORGANIC-CARBON; PEAT
ACCUMULATION
AB We examine the carbon balance of North American wetlands by reviewing and synthesizing the published literature and soil databases. North American wetlands contain about 220 Pg C, most of which is in peat. They are a small to moderate carbon sink of about 49 Tg C yr(-1), although the uncertainty around this estimate is greater than 100%, with the largest unknown being the role of carbon sequestration by sedimentation in freshwater mineral-soil wetlands. We estimate that North American wetlands emit 9 Tg methane (CH4) yr(-1); however, the uncertainty of this estimate is also greater than 100%. With the exception of estuarine wetlands, CH4 emissions from wetlands may largely offset any positive benefits of carbon sequestration in soils and plants in terms of climate forcing. Historically, the destruction of wetlands through land-use changes has had the largest effects on the carbon fluxes and consequent radiative forcing of North American wetlands. The primary effects have been a reduction in their ability to sequester carbon (a small to moderate increase in radiative forcing), oxidation of their soil carbon reserves upon drainage (a small increase in radiative forcing), and reduction in CH4 emissions (a small to large decrease in radiative forcing). It is uncertain how global changes will affect the carbon pools and fluxes of North American wetlands. We will not be able to predict accurately the role of wetlands as potential positive or negative feedbacks to anthropogenic global change without knowing the integrative effects of changes in temperature, precipitation, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, and atmospheric deposition of nitrogen and sulfur on the carbon balance of North American wetlands.
C1 Univ Oregon, Ctr Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Eugene, OR 97493 USA.
Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
USGS Ctr Earth Resources Observat & Sci, SAIC, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
USDA Forest Serv, Ctr Forested Wetland Res, Charleston, SC 29414 USA.
RP Bridgham, SD (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Ctr Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Eugene, OR 97493 USA.
EM bridgham@uoregon.edu
NR 164
TC 309
Z9 344
U1 38
U2 350
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0277-5212
EI 1943-6246
J9 WETLANDS
JI Wetlands
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 26
IS 4
BP 889
EP 916
DI 10.1672/0277-5212(2006)26[889:TCBONA]2.0.CO;2
PG 28
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 124LT
UT WOS:000243370000002
ER
PT J
AU Bradley, B
Stanford, D
AF Bradley, Bruce
Stanford, Dennis
TI The Solutrean-Clovis connection: reply to Straus, Meltzer and Goebel
SO WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Univ Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QJ, Devon, England.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Paleoindian Paleoecol Program, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Bradley, B (reprint author), Univ Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QJ, Devon, England.
NR 10
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND
SN 0043-8243
J9 WORLD ARCHAEOL
JI World Archaeol.
PD DEC
PY 2006
VL 38
IS 4
BP 704
EP 714
DI 10.1080/00438240601022001
PG 11
WC Archaeology
SC Archaeology
GA 120YV
UT WOS:000243123800012
ER
PT J
AU Bourke, MC
Balme, M
Beyer, RA
Williams, KK
Zimbelman, J
AF Bourke, M. C.
Balme, M.
Beyer, R. A.
Williams, K. K.
Zimbelman, J.
TI A comparison of methods used to estimate the height of sand dunes on
Mars
SO GEOMORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE aeolian; dune; Mars; morphometry; methods; remote sensing; planetary
geology
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; ORBITER LASER ALTIMETER; NORTH POLAR-REGION;
SOUTHERN PERU; BARCHAN DUNES; TOPOGRAPHY; EVOLUTION; DEPOSITS; RIDGES;
ROVER
AB The collection of morphometric data on small-scale landforms from other planetary bodies is difficult. We assess four methods that can be used to estimate the height of aeolian dunes on Mars. These are (1) stereography, (2) slip face length, (3) profiling photoclinometry, and (4) Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA). Results show that there is good agreement among the methods when conditions are ideal. However, limitations inherent to each method inhibited their accurate application to all sites. Collectively, these techniques provide data on a range of morphometric parameters, some of which were not previously available for dunes on Mars. They include dune height, width, length, surface area, volume, and longitudinal and transverse profiles. The utilization of these methods will facilitate a more accurate analysis of aeolian dunes on Mars and enable comparison with dunes on other planetary surfaces. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
Univ Oxford, Ctr Environm, Oxford OX1 3QY, England.
NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Bourke, MC (reprint author), Planetary Sci Inst, 1700 E Ft Lowell, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM mbourke@psi.edu; mbalms@psi.edu; rbeyer@arc.nasa.gov; williamskk@si.edu;
zimbelmanj@si.edu
RI Bourke, Mary/I-4387-2012;
OI Bourke, Mary/0000-0002-0424-0322; Beyer, Ross/0000-0003-4503-3335;
Balme, Matthew/0000-0001-5871-7475
NR 70
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-555X
EI 1872-695X
J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY
JI Geomorphology
PD NOV 29
PY 2006
VL 81
IS 3-4
BP 440
EP 452
DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.04.023
PG 13
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA 117NJ
UT WOS:000242879700015
ER
PT J
AU Lichtenberg, G
Kleipool, Q
Krijger, JM
van Soest, G
van Hees, R
Tilstra, LG
Acarreta, JR
Aben, I
Ahlers, B
Bovensmann, H
Chance, K
Gloudemans, AMS
Hoogeveen, RWM
Jongma, RTN
Noel, S
Piters, A
Schrijver, H
Schrijvers, C
Sioris, CE
Skupin, J
Slijkhuis, S
Stammes, P
Wuttke, M
AF Lichtenberg, G.
Kleipool, Q.
Krijger, J. M.
van Soest, G.
van Hees, R.
Tilstra, L. G.
Acarreta, J. R.
Aben, I.
Ahlers, B.
Bovensmann, H.
Chance, K.
Gloudemans, A. M. S.
Hoogeveen, R. W. M.
Jongma, R. T. N.
Noel, S.
Piters, A.
Schrijver, H.
Schrijvers, C.
Sioris, C. E.
Skupin, J.
Slijkhuis, S.
Stammes, P.
Wuttke, M.
TI SCIAMACHY Level 1 data: calibration concept and in-flight calibration
SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLAR IRRADIANCE SPECTRUM; ONBOARD ENVISAT; COLUMNS; DOAS; CO
AB The calibration of SCIAMACHY was thoroughly checked since the instrument was launched on-board ENVISAT in February 2002. While SCIAMACHY's functional performance is excellent since launch, a number of technical difficulties have appeared, that required adjustments to the calibration. The problems can be separated into three types: (1) Those caused by the instrument and/or platform environment. Among these are the high water content in the satellite structure and/or MLI layer. This results in the deposition of ice on the detectors in channels 7 and 8 which seriously affects the retrievals in the IR, mostly because of the continuous change of the slit function caused by scattering of the light through the ice layer. Additionally a light leak in channel 7 severely hampers any retrieval from this channel. (2) Problems due to errors in the on-ground calibration and/or data processing affecting for example the radiometric calibration. A new approach based on a mixture of on-ground and in-flight data is shortly described here. (3) Problems caused by principal limitations of the calibration concept, e.g. the possible appearance of spectral structures after the polarisation correction due to unavoidable errors in the determination of atmospheric polarisation. In this paper we give a complete overview of the calibration and problems that still have to be solved. We will also give an indication of the effect of calibration problems on retrievals where possible. Since the operational processing chain is currently being updated and no newly processed data are available at this point in time, for some calibration issues only a rough estimate of the effect on Level 2 products can be given. However, it is the intention of this paper to serve as a future reference for detailed studies into specific calibration issues.
C1 DLR DFD IMF, Wessling, Germany.
SRON Natl Inst Space Res, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst KNMI, De Bilt, Netherlands.
Univ Bremen, Inst Remote Sensing IfE, D-2800 Bremen 33, Germany.
TNO Sci & Ind, Delft, Netherlands.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Lichtenberg, G (reprint author), DLR DFD IMF, Wessling, Germany.
EM guenter.lichtenberg@dlr.de
RI Jongma, Rienk/D-4506-2012; van Soest, Gijs/B-4881-2008; Bovensmann,
Heinrich/P-4135-2016;
OI Bovensmann, Heinrich/0000-0001-8882-4108; Chance,
Kelly/0000-0002-7339-7577; Sioris, Christopher/0000-0003-1168-8755
NR 48
TC 28
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 2
PU COPERNICUS PUBLICATIONS
PI KATHLENBURG-LINDAU
PA MAX-PLANCK-STR 13, KATHLENBURG-LINDAU, 37191, GERMANY
SN 1680-7316
J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS
JI Atmos. Chem. Phys.
PD NOV 28
PY 2006
VL 6
BP 5347
EP 5367
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 110LX
UT WOS:000242381500001
ER
PT J
AU Brady, SG
Schultz, TR
Fisher, BL
Ward, PS
AF Brady, Sean G.
Schultz, Ted R.
Fisher, Brian L.
Ward, Philip S.
TI Evaluating alternative hypotheses for the early evolution and
diversification of ants
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE divergence dating; Formicidae; long-branch attraction; phylogeny
ID DIVERGENCE TIMES; NOTHOMYRMECIA-MACROPS; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; ABSOLUTE
RATES; WASPS INSECTA; ARMY ANTS; HYMENOPTERA; FORMICIDAE; PHYLOGENY;
OUTGROUPS
AB Ants are the world's most diverse and ecologically dominant eusocial organisms. Resolving the phylogeny and timescale for major ant lineages is vital to understanding how they achieved this success. Morphological, molecular, and paleontological studies, however, have presented conflicting views on early ant evolution. To address these issues, we generated the largest ant molecular phylogenetic data set published to date, containing approximate to 6 kb of DNA sequence from 162 species representing all 20 ant subfamilies and 10 aculeate outgroup families. When these data were analyzed with and without outgroups, which are all distantly related to ants and hence long-branched, we obtained conflicting ingroup topologies for some early ant lineages. This result casts strong doubt on the existence of a poneroid clade as currently defined. We compare alternate attachments of the outgroups to the ingroup tree by using likelihood tests, and find that several alternative rootings cannot be rejected by the data. These alternatives imply fundamentally different scenarios for the early evolution of ant morphology and behavior. Our data strongly support several notable relationships within the more derived formicoid ants, including placement of the enigmatic subfamily Aenictogitoninae as sister to Dorylus army ants. We use the molecular data to estimate divergence times, employing a strategy distinct from previous work by incorporating the extensive fossil record of other aculeate Hymenoptera as well as that of ants. Our age estimates for the most recent common ancestor of extant ants range from approximate to 115 to 135 million years ago, indicating that a Jurassic origin is highly unlikely.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Labs Analyt Biol, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Calif Acad Sci, Dept Entomol, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA.
RP Ward, PS (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM psward@ucdavis.edu
OI Fisher, Brian/0000-0002-4653-3270
NR 64
TC 305
Z9 318
U1 6
U2 70
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD NOV 28
PY 2006
VL 103
IS 48
BP 18172
EP 18177
DI 10.1073/pnas.0605858103
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 111PJ
UT WOS:000242465200027
PM 17079492
ER
PT J
AU Pohl, T
Sadeghpour, HR
Nagata, Y
Yamazaki, Y
AF Pohl, T.
Sadeghpour, H. R.
Nagata, Y.
Yamazaki, Y.
TI Cooling by spontaneous decay of highly excited antihydrogen atoms in
magnetic traps
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIATIVE CASCADE
AB An efficient cooling mechanism of magnetically trapped, highly excited antihydrogen ((H) over bar) atoms is presented. This cooling, in addition to the expected evaporative cooling, results in trapping of a large number of (H) over bar atoms in the ground state. It is found that the final fraction of trapped atoms is insensitive to the initial distribution of (H) over bar magnetic quantum numbers. Expressions are derived for the cooling efficiency, demonstrating that magnetic quadrupole (cusp) traps provide stronger cooling than higher order magnetic multipoles. The final temperature of (H) over bar confined in a cusp trap is shown to depend as similar to 2.2T(n0)n(0)(-2/3) on the initial Rydberg level n(0) and temperature T-n0.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1538902, Japan.
RIKEN, Atom Phys Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan.
RP Pohl, T (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Pohl, Thomas/B-5133-2013; Nagata, Yugo/J-2544-2016; Yamazaki,
Yasunori/N-8018-2015
OI Yamazaki, Yasunori/0000-0001-5712-0853
NR 15
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 0031-9007
J9 PHYS REV LETT
JI Phys. Rev. Lett.
PD NOV 24
PY 2006
VL 97
IS 21
AR 213001
DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.97.213001
PG 4
WC Physics, Multidisciplinary
SC Physics
GA 108DG
UT WOS:000242219900012
PM 17155740
ER
PT J
AU Duckett, CN
Prathapan, KD
Konstantinov, AS
AF Duckett, Catherine N.
Prathapan, K. D.
Konstantinov, Alexander S.
TI Notes on identity, new synonymy and larva of Ivalia Jacoby (Coleoptera :
Chrysomelidae) with description of a new species
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Chrysomelidae; Ivalia; Taizonia; Amphimeloides; moss feeding; larval
sensilla; new species
ID BECHYNE COLEOPTERA; IMMATURE STAGES; ALTICINI
AB Genus Ivalia Jacoby is characterized morphologically, and Amphimeloides Jacoby syn. nov. and Taizonia Chen syn. nov. are junior synonyms with it. Several Ivalia species are figured, including Ivalia bella (Chen) comb. nov., I. dorsalis (Jacoby) comb. nov., and I. viridipennis Jacoby. A new species of Ivalia from the Nilgiri Hills in south India, I. korakundah sp. nov., is described and illustrated, including the larvae. Larvae were associated with adults by sequencing a fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I. Larval morphology is discussed and compared with that of other flea beetles.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Kerala Agr Univ, Dept Entomol, Trivandrum 695522, Kerala, India.
PSI, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, Smithsonian Inst,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Duckett, CN (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Dept Entomol, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM cduckett@rci.Rutgers.edu; prathapankd@gmail.com;
akonstan@sel.barc.usda.gov
NR 19
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 3
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD NOV 23
PY 2006
IS 1363
BP 49
EP 68
PG 20
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 108CV
UT WOS:000242218800004
ER
PT J
AU Erdogdu, P
Lahav, O
Huchra, JP
Colless, M
Cutri, RM
Falco, E
George, T
Jarrett, T
Jones, DH
Macri, LM
Mader, J
Martimbeau, N
Pahre, MA
Parker, QA
Rassat, A
Saunders, W
AF Erdogdu, Pirin
Lahav, Ofer
Huchra, John P.
Colless, Matthew
Cutri, Roc M.
Falco, Emilio
George, Teddy
Jarrett, Thomas
Jones, D. Heath
Macri, Lucas M.
Mader, Jeff
Martimbeau, Nathalie
Pahre, Michael A.
Parker, Quentin A.
Rassat, Anaid
Saunders, Will
TI Reconstructed density and velocity fields from the 2MASS Redshift Survey
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE surveys; galaxies : distances and redshifts; cosmology : observations;
large-scale structure of Universe
ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; 2DF GALAXY REDSHIFT; SPHERICAL HARMONIC-ANALYSIS;
ALL-SKY SURVEY; WIENER RECONSTRUCTION; POWER-SPECTRUM; LOCAL UNIVERSE;
IRAS GALAXIES; MILKY-WAY; CATALOG
AB W We present the reconstructed real-space density and the predicted velocity fields from the Two-Micron All-Sky Redshift Survey (2MRS). The 2MRS is the densest all-sky redshift survey to date and includes about 23 200 galaxies with extinction-corrected magnitudes brighter than K-s = 11.25. Our method is based on the expansion of these fields in Fourier-Bessel functions. Within this framework, the linear redshift distortions only affect the density field in the radial direction and can easily be deconvolved using a distortion matrix. Moreover, in this coordinate system, the velocity field is related to the density field by a simple linear transformation. The shot noise errors in the reconstructions are suppressed by means of a Wiener filter which yields a minimum variance estimate of the density and velocity fields. Using the reconstructed real-space density fields, we identify all major superclusters and voids. At 50 h(-1) Mpc, our reconstructed velocity field indicates a backside infall to the Great Attractor region of v(infall) = (491 +/- 200) (ss/0.5) km s(-1) in the Local Group frame and v(infall) = (64 +/- 205) (ss/0.5) km s(-1) in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) frame and ss is the redshift distortion parameter. The direction of the reconstructed dipole agrees well with the dipole derived by Erdogdu et al. The misalignment between the reconstructed 2MRS and the CMB dipoles drops to 13 degrees at around 5000 km s(-1) but then increases at larger distances.
C1 Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey.
Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Canada France Hawaii Telescope Corp, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA.
Anglo Australian Observ, Epping, NSW 2052, Australia.
CALTECH, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA.
WM Keck Observ, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA.
Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
RP Erdogdu, P (reprint author), Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey.
EM pirin.erdogdu@nottingham.ac.uk
OI Rassat, Anais/0000-0002-5476-6461; Colless, Matthew/0000-0001-9552-8075;
Macri, Lucas/0000-0002-1775-4859
NR 74
TC 95
Z9 95
U1 0
U2 5
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD NOV 21
PY 2006
VL 373
IS 1
BP 45
EP 64
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.11049.x
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 103MV
UT WOS:000241891700024
ER
PT J
AU Weldon, PJ
Kramer, M
Gordon, S
Spande, TF
Daly, JW
AF Weldon, Paul J.
Kramer, Matthew
Gordon, Scott
Spande, Thomas F.
Daly, John W.
TI A common pumiliotoxin from poison frogs exhibits enantioselective
toxicity against mosquitoes
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE alkaloids; chemical defense; dendrobatid poison frogs; insecticidal
activity; skin secretions
ID DENDROBATES-PUMILIO; ALKALOIDS; SKIN
AB Neotropical poison frogs (Dendrobatidae) contain a variety of lipophilic alkaloids in their diffusely distributed cutaneous glands, including a major class of compounds known as pumiliotoxins. Pumiliotoxins are highly toxic and are believed to protect frogs against predators. Their potential activity against ectoparasites, however, has not been investigated. We tested female yellow fever mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti) for responses to 8-hydroxy-8methyl-6-(2'-methyl-hexylidene)-1-azabicyclo[4.3.0]nonane, designated pumiliotoxin 251 D [PTX (+)-251 D], a skin alkaloid present in all genera of dendrobatids and in other anurans, and to its unnatural enantiomer, PTX (-)-251D. Both enantiomers of PTX 251D presented on silicone feeding membranes reduced landing and feeding by A. aegypti, but PTX (+)-251D did so at lower concentrations. PTX (+)-251 D also induced toxicosis, shown when mosquitoes failed to fly off membranes. Similarly, mosquitoes confined with copper wires coated with PTX (+)-251D exhibited greater latencies to fly off the substrate and a higher incidence of leg autotomy than did those confined with the (-)-enantiomer. Our results on the contact toxicities of PTX 251D enantiomers parallel those reported for mice injected with them. The presentation of serial dilutions of PTX (+)-251 D to A. aegypti revealed a minimum toxic concentration of 0.1 mu g/cm(2). This value is substantially lower than that estimated for the cutaneous abundance of this compound in some frogs, an observation consistent the function of PTX 251D in anuran chemical defense against ectoparasitic arthropods.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Conservat & Res Ctr, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA.
USDA ARS, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA.
NIDDK, Bioorgan Chem Lab, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
RP Weldon, PJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Conservat & Res Ctr, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA.
EM weldonp@si.edu; jdaly@nih.gov
RI Gordon, Scott/B-8875-2011
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 26
TC 25
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 10
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD NOV 21
PY 2006
VL 103
IS 47
BP 17818
EP 17821
DI 10.1073/pnas.0608646103
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 111PG
UT WOS:000242464900044
PM 17095598
ER
PT J
AU Yoshida, N
Omukai, K
Hernquist, L
Abel, T
AF Yoshida, Naoki
Omukai, Kazuyuki
Hernquist, Lars
Abel, Tom
TI Formation of primordial stars in a Lambda CDM universe
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE cosmology : theory; early universe; galaxies : formation; stars :
formation
ID POPULATION-III STARS; SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; COLD DARK-MATTER;
COLLISION-INDUCED ABSORPTION; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; PLANCK MEAN
OPACITIES; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; GALACTIC GAS CLOUDS; GAMMA-RAY BURST;
1ST STARS
AB We study the formation of the first generation of stars in the standard cold dark matter model. We use a very high resolution cosmological hydrodynamic simulation that achieves a dynamic range of similar to 1010 in length scale. With accurate treatment of atomic and molecular physics, including the effect of molecular line opacities and cooling by collision-induced continuum emission, it allows us to study the chemothermal evolution of primordial gas clouds to densities up to rho similar to 2; 10(-8) g cm(-3) (n(H) similar to 10(16) cm(-3)) without assuming any a priori equation of state, an improvement of 6 orders of magnitude over previous three-dimensional calculations. We study the evolution of a primordial star-forming gas cloud in the cosmological simulation in detail. The cloud core becomes marginally unstable against chemothermal instability when the gas cooling rate is increased owing to three-body molecule formation. However, since the core is already compact at that point, runaway cooling simply leads to fast condensation to form a single protostellar seed. During the final dynamical collapse, small angular momentum material collapses faster than the rest of the gas and selectively sinks inward. Consequently, the central regions have little specific angular momentum, and rotation does not halt collapse. We, for the first time, obtain an accurate gas mass accretion rate within a 10 M-circle dot innermost region around the protostar. We carry out protostellar evolution calculations using the obtained accretion rate. The resulting mass of the first star when it reaches the zero-age main sequence is M-ZAMS similar to 100 M-circle dot, and less (greater than or similar to 60 M circle dot) for substantially reduced accretion rates.
C1 Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan.
Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle & Astrophys Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Yoshida, N (reprint author), Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan.
RI Yoshida, Naoki/A-4305-2011
NR 166
TC 299
Z9 299
U1 2
U2 10
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 1
BP 6
EP 25
DI 10.1086/507978
PN 1
PG 20
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 106TX
UT WOS:000242125700002
ER
PT J
AU Van der Wel, A
Franx, M
Wuyts, S
Van Dokkum, PG
Huang, J
Rix, HW
Illingworth, GD
AF Van Der Wel, A.
Franx, M.
Wuyts, S.
Van Dokkum, P. G.
Huang, J.
Rix, H-W.
Illingworth, G. D.
TI Comparing dynamical and photometric mass estimates of low- and
high-redshift galaxies: Random and systematic uncertainties
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmology : observations; galaxies : evolution; galaxies : formation
ID OPTICAL LUMINOSITY DENSITY; TO-LIGHT RATIOS; FUNDAMENTAL PLANE; ELLIPTIC
GALAXIES; STELLAR MASSES; RED GALAXIES; POPULATION SYNTHESIS; EVOLUTION;
SPECTROSCOPY; ULTRAVIOLET
AB We determine the importance of redshift-dependent systematic effects in the determination of stellar masses from broadband spectral energy distributions (SEDs), using high-quality kinematic and photometric data of early-type galaxies at z similar to 1 and z similar to 0. We find that photometric masses of z similar to 1 galaxies can be systematically different, by up to a factor of 2, from photometric masses of z similar to 0 galaxies with the same dynamical mass. The magnitude of this bias depends on the choice of stellar population synthesis model and the rest-frame wavelength range used in the fits. The best result, i.e., without significant bias, is obtained when rest-frame optical SEDs are fitted with models from Bruzual & Charlot. When the SEDs are extended to the rest-frame near-IR, a bias is introduced: photometricmasses of the z similar to 1 galaxies increase by a factor of 2 relative to the photometric masses of the z similar to 0 galaxies. When we use the Maraston models, the photometric masses of the z similar to 1 galaxies are low relative to the photometricmasses of the z similar to 0 galaxies by a factor of similar to 1.8. This offset occurs both for fits based on rest-frame optical SEDs and fits based on rest-frame optical+near-IR SEDs. The results indicate that model uncertainties produce uncertainties as high as a factor of 2.5 in mass estimates from rest-frame near-IR photometry, independent of uncertainties due to unknown star formation histories.
C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21230 USA.
Leiden Observ, NL-2300 AA Leiden, Netherlands.
Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Van der Wel, A (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21230 USA.
EM wel@pha.jhu.edu
RI van der Wel, Arjen/G-8365-2011
NR 39
TC 50
Z9 50
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 1
BP 97
EP 106
DI 10.1086/508128
PN 1
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 106TX
UT WOS:000242125700008
ER
PT J
AU Hopkins, PF
Robertson, B
Krause, E
Hernquist, L
Cox, TJ
AF Hopkins, Philip F.
Robertson, Brant
Krause, Elisabeth
Hernquist, Lars
Cox, Thomas J.
TI An upper limit to the degree of evolution between supermassive black
holes and their host galaxies
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmology : theory; galaxies : active; galaxies : evolution; quasars :
general
ID BULGE MASS RELATION; GROTH STRIP SURVEY; BH-SIGMA RELATION; LUMINOSITY
FUNCTION; COSMIC EVOLUTION; GALACTIC NUCLEI; REDSHIFT SURVEY; STELLAR
MASSES; FIELD GALAXIES; STAR-FORMATION
AB We describe a model-independent integral constraint that defines an upper limit to the allowed degree of evolution in the ratio of black hole (BH) mass to host galaxy luminosity or mass, as a function of redshift. Essentially, if the BH/host ratio is excessive at redshift z, then it would imply that the total mass density in BHs above some M-BH(min) is larger at that redshift than at z = 0, which is impossible. This argument requires no knowledge of host or BH properties, only a lower limit to the observed luminosity density in the brightest galaxies at some z. We calculate this upper limit from a variety of luminosity and mass functions in different bands from redshifts z = 0-2. We show that it is consistent with passive evolution of spheroid populations (with a fixed M-BH/M-host relation) in all cases, and provides tighter constraints than have generally been obtained previously, ruling out at greater than or similar to 6 sigma observational and theoretical estimates suggesting that M-BH/M-host was significantly larger at high redshifts than locally. We discuss a variety of possible ''loopholes'' or changes in the BH/ host populations and correlations, and show that they typically lower the upper limits and strengthen our conclusions.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Hopkins, PF (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 57
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 1
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 1
BP 107
EP 111
DI 10.1086/508055
PN 1
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 106TX
UT WOS:000242125700009
ER
PT J
AU Kondratko, PT
Greenhill, LJ
Moran, JM
AF Kondratko, Paul T.
Greenhill, Lincoln J.
Moran, James M.
TI Discovery of water maser emission in five AGNs and a possible
correlation between water maser and nuclear 2-10 keV luminosities
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE galaxies : active; galaxies : individual ( 2MASX J08362280+3327383, NGC
6264; UGC 09618 NED02, IRAS 03355+0104, SBS 0927+493; Markarian 0034,
NGC 3393, NGC 5495, VII Zw 073, IC 0184; AM 2158-380 NED02); galaxies :
Seyfert; ISM : jets and outflows; ISM : molecules; masers
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; X-RAY-EMISSION; SEYFERT 2 GALAXIES;
ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS;
ABSORBING COLUMN DENSITIES; H2O MASER; ACCRETION DISK; BEPPOSAX
OBSERVATIONS; RXTE OBSERVATIONS
AB We report the discovery of water maser emission in five active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with the 100 m Green Bank Telescope (GBT). The positions of the newly discovered masers, measured with the VLA, are consistent with the optical positions of the host nuclei to within 1 sigma(0.''3 radio and 1.''3 optical) and most likely mark the locations of the embedded central engines. The spectra of three sources, 2MASX J08362280+3327383, NGC 6264, and UGC 09618 NED02, display the characteristic spectral signature of emission from an edge-on accretion disk with maximum orbital velocity of similar to 700, similar to 800, and similar to 1300 km s(-1), respectively. We also present a GBT spectrum of a previously known source, Mrk 0034, and interpret the narrow Doppler components reported here as indirect evidence that the emission originates in an edge-on accretion disk with orbital velocity of similar to 500 km s(-1). We obtained a detection rate of 12%(5 out of 41) among Seyfert 2 and LINER systems with 10,000 km s(-1) < v(sys) < 15,000 km s(-1). For the 30 nuclear water masers with available hard X-ray data, we report a possible relationship between unabsorbed X- ray luminosity (2-10 keV) and total isotropic water maser luminosity, L2-10 proportional to L-H2O(0.5 +/- 0.1), consistent with the model proposed by Neufeld and Maloney, in which X-ray irradiation and heating of molecular accretion disk gas by the central engine excites the maser emission.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Kondratko, PT (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM pkondrat@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Moran, James/0000-0002-3882-4414
NR 122
TC 41
Z9 43
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 1
BP 136
EP 145
DI 10.1086/507885
PN 1
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 106TX
UT WOS:000242125700013
ER
PT J
AU Bonanos, AZ
Stanek, KZ
Kudritzki, RP
Macri, LM
Sasselov, DD
Kaluzny, J
Stetson, PB
Bersier, D
Bresolin, F
Matheson, T
Mochejska, BJ
Przybilla, N
Szentgyorgyi, AH
Tonry, J
Torres, G
AF Bonanos, A. Z.
Stanek, K. Z.
Kudritzki, R. P.
Macri, L. M.
Sasselov, D. D.
Kaluzny, J.
Stetson, P. B.
Bersier, D.
Bresolin, F.
Matheson, T.
Mochejska, B. J.
Przybilla, N.
Szentgyorgyi, A. H.
Tonry, J.
Torres, G.
TI The first direct distance determination to a detached eclipsing binary
in M33
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries : eclipsing; binaries : spectroscopic; distance scale; galaxies
: individual (M33); stars : fundamental parameters
ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; SMALL-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; O-TYPE STARS; EFFECTIVE
TEMPERATURE SCALE; ATMOSPHERIC NLTE-MODELS; RED GIANT BRANCH; NEARBY
GALAXIES; IMAGE SUBTRACTION; FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETERS; SPECTROSCOPIC
ANALYSIS
AB We present the first direct distance determination to a detached eclipsing binary in M33, which was found by the DIRECT Project. Located in the OB 66 association at coordinates (alpha,delta;) (01(h)33(m)46.(s)17, +30 degrees 44'39."9) for J2000.0, it was one of the most suitable detached eclipsing binaries found by DIRECT for distance determination, given its apparent magnitude and orbital period. We obtained follow-up BV time-series photometry, JHK(s) photometry, and optical spectroscopy from which we determined the parameters of the system. It contains two O7 main-sequence stars, with masses of 33.4 +/- 3.5 and 30.0 +/- 3.3M(circle dot) and radii of 12.3 +/- 0.4 and 8.8 +/- 0.3 R-circle dot, respectively. We derive temperatures of 37,000 +/- 1500 and 35,600 +/- 1500 K. Using BVRJHK(s) photometry for the flux calibration, we obtain a distance modulus of 24.92 +/- 0.12 mag (964 +/- 54 kpc), which is similar to 0.3 mag longer than the Key Project distance to M33. We discuss the implications of our result and the importance of establishing M33 as an independent rung on the cosmological distance ladder.
C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland.
Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada.
Liverpool John Moores Univ, Birkenhead CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England.
Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Astron, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany.
EM bonanos@dtm.ciw.edu; kstanek@astronomy.ohio-state.edu;
kud@ifa.hawaii.edu; lmacri@noao.edu; sasselov@cfa.harvard.edu;
jka@camk.edu.pl; peter.stetson@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca; dbf@astro.livjm.ac.uk;
bresolin@ifa.hawaii.edu; matheson@noao.edu; mochejsk@camk.edu.pl;
przybilla@sternwarte.uni-erlangen.de; aszentgyorgyi@cfa.harvard.edu;
jt@ifa.hawaii.edu; torres@cfa.harvard.edu
RI Bonanos, Alceste/K-5392-2013;
OI Bonanos, Alceste/0000-0003-2851-1905; Macri, Lucas/0000-0002-1775-4859
NR 90
TC 104
Z9 106
U1 1
U2 5
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 1
BP 313
EP 322
DI 10.1086/508140
PN 1
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 106TX
UT WOS:000242125700029
ER
PT J
AU Ennis, JA
Rudnick, L
Reach, WT
Smith, JD
Rho, J
DeLaney, T
Gomez, H
Kozasa, T
AF Ennis, Jessica A.
Rudnick, Lawrence
Reach, William T.
Smith, J. D.
Rho, Jeonghee
DeLaney, Tracey
Gomez, Haley
Kozasa, Takashi
TI Spitzer IRAC images and sample spectra of Cassiopeia A's explosion
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE dust, extinction; infrared : ISM; ISM : individual (Cassiopeia A);
nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances; supernova remnants
ID SUPERNOVA REMNANT CASSIOPEIA; CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; SPACE-TELESCOPE;
SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; REVERSE SHOCKS; II SUPERNOVAE; DUST; EJECTA;
NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; PROGENITOR
AB We present Spitzer IRAC images and representative 5.27-38.5 mu m IRS spectra of the Cas A SNR. We find that various IRAC channels are each most sensitive to a different spectral and physical component. Channel 1 (3.6 mu m) provides an excellent match to the radio synchrotron images. Where channel 1 is strong with respect to the other IRAC channels, the longer wavelength spectra show a broad continuum gently peaking around 26 mu m, with weak or no lines. We suggest that this is due to unenriched progenitor circumstellar dust behind the outer shock. Where channel 4 (8 mu m) is relatively brightest, the long-wavelength spectra show a strong, 2-3 mu m wide peak at 21 mu m, likely due to silicates and protosilicates. Strong ionic lines of [Ar II], [ Ar III], [S IV], and [Ne II] also appear in these regions. We suggest that in these locations, the dust and ionic emission originate from the explosion's O-burning layers. The regions where channels 2 (4.5 mu m) and 3 (5.6 mu m) are strongest relative to channel 4 show a spectrum that rises gradually to 38 mu m, becoming flatter longward of 21 mu m, along with higher ratios of [Ne II] to [Ar II]. We suggest that the dust and ionic emission in these locations arise primarily from the C- and Ne-burning layers. All of these findings are consistent with asymmetries deep in the explosion, producing variations in the velocity structure in different directions, but generally preserving the nucleosynthetic layering. At each location, the dust and ionic lines in the mid-infrared and the hotter and more highly ionized optical and X-ray emission are then dominated by the layer currently encountering the reverse shock in that direction.
C1 Univ Minnesota, Dept Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85712 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Wales Coll Cardiff, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3YB, Wales.
Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Cosmosci, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan.
RP Ennis, JA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Astron, 116 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
EM jennis@astro.umn.edu; larry@astro.umn.edu; reach@ipac.caltech.edu;
jdsmith@as.arizona.edu; rho@ipac.caltech.edu; tdelaney@cfa.harvard.edu;
haley.gomez@astro.cf.ac.uk; kozasa@ep.sci.hokudai.ac.jp
RI Gomez, Haley/C-2800-2009; Kozasa, Takashi/A-5213-2012;
OI Reach, William/0000-0001-8362-4094
NR 56
TC 40
Z9 40
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 1
BP 376
EP 386
DI 10.1086/508142
PN 1
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 106TX
UT WOS:000242125700034
ER
PT J
AU Hora, JL
Latter, WB
Smith, HA
Marengo, M
AF Hora, Joseph L.
Latter, William B.
Smith, Howard A.
Marengo, Massimo
TI Infrared observations of the Helix planetary nebula
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE planetary nebulae : general; planetary nebulae : individual (Helix
nebula, NGC 7293)
ID SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; ARRAY CAMERA IRAC; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS;
EMISSION; KNOTS; REGIONS; CALIBRATION; NGC-7293; GLOBULES; DUST
AB We have mapped the Helix (NGC 7293) planetary nebula (PN) with the IRAC instrument on the Spitzer Space Telescope. The Helix is one of the closest bright PNs and therefore provides an opportunity to resolve the small-scale structure in the nebula. The emission from this PN in the 5.8 and 8 mu m IRAC bands is dominated by the pure rotational lines of molecular hydrogen, with a smaller contribution from forbidden line emission such as [Ar III] in the ionized region. The IRAC images resolve the "cometary knots,'' which have been previously studied in this PN. The "tails'' of the knots and the radial rays extending into the outer regions of the PN are seen in emission in the IRAC bands. IRS spectra on the main ring and the emission in the IRAC bands are consistent with shock-excited H-2 models, with a small (similar to 10%) component from photodissociation regions. In the northeast arc, the H-2 emission is located in a shell outside the H-2 emission.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
CALTECH, NASA, Herschel Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
RP Hora, JL (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 65, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
OI Hora, Joseph/0000-0002-5599-4650
NR 37
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 0
U2 6
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 1
BP 426
EP 441
DI 10.1086/507944
PN 1
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 106TX
UT WOS:000242125700037
ER
PT J
AU McClintock, JE
Shafee, R
Narayan, R
Remillard, RA
Davis, SW
Li, LX
AF McClintock, Jeffrey E.
Shafee, Rebecca
Narayan, Ramesh
Remillard, Ronald A.
Davis, Shane W.
Li, -Xin Li
TI The spin of the near-extreme Kerr black hole GRS 1915+105
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE accretion, accretion disks; black hole physics; stars : individual (GRS
1915+105, 4U 1543-47, GRO J1655-40, LMC X-3); X-rays : binaries; X-rays
: stars
ID ACCRETION DISK MODELS; GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; ADVECTION-DOMINATED ACCRETION;
QUASI-PERIODIC OSCILLATIONS; RXTE SPECTRAL OBSERVATIONS; X-RAY; GRS
1915+105; HIGH-STATE; COMPTONIZATION MODELS; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM
AB Based on a spectral analysis of the X-ray continuum that employs a fully relativistic accretion disk model, we conclude that the compact primary of the binary X-ray source GRS 1915+105 is a rapidly rotating Kerr black hole. We find a lower limit on the dimensionless spin parameter of a(*) > 0.98. Our result is robust in the sense that it is independent of the details of the data analysis and insensitive to the uncertainties in the mass and distance of the black hole. Furthermore, our accretion disk model includes an advanced treatment of spectral hardening. Our data selection relies on a rigorous and quantitative definition of the thermal state of black hole binaries, which we used to screen all of the available RXTE and ASCA data for the thermal state of GRS 1915+105. In addition, we focus on those data for which the accretion disk luminosity is less than 30% of the Eddington luminosity. We argue that these low-luminosity data are most appropriate for the thin alpha-disk model that we employ. We assume that there is zero torque at the inner edge of the disk, as is likely when the disk is thin, although we show that the presence of a significant torque does not affect our results. Our model and the model of the relativistic jets observed for this source constrain the distance and black hole mass and could thus be tested by determining a VLBA parallax distance and improving the measurement of the mass function. Finally, we comment on the significance of our results for relativistic jet and core-collapse models and for the detection of gravitational waves.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
MIT, Kavli Ctr Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
RP McClintock, JE (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
OI Narayan, Ramesh/0000-0002-1919-2730
NR 96
TC 290
Z9 290
U1 1
U2 7
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 1
BP 518
EP 539
DI 10.1086/508457
PN 1
PG 22
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 106TX
UT WOS:000242125700045
ER
PT J
AU Tam, CR
Kaspi, VM
Gaensler, BM
Gotthelf, EV
AF Tam, C. R.
Kaspi, V. M.
Gaensler, B. M.
Gotthelf, E. V.
TI Chandra observations of the transient 7 s X-ray pulsar AX J1845.0-0258
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE pulsars : general; pulsars : individual (AX J1845.0-0258); stars :
neutron; X-rays : individual (CXOU J184454.6-025653)
ID MAGNETIZED NEUTRON-STARS; SOFT GAMMA-REPEATERS; XTE J1810-197;
VARIABILITY; COINCIDENT; DISCOVERY
AB We present the results of Chandra X-Ray Observatory observations of the transient anomalous X-ray pulsar candidate AXJ1845.0-0258 in apparent quiescence. Within the source's error circle, we find a point source and possible counterpart, which we designate CXOU J184454.6-025653. No coherent pulsations are detected, and no extended emission is seen. The source's spectrum is equally well described by a blackbody model of temperature kT similar to 2.0 keV or a power-law model with photon index Gamma similar to 1.0. This is considerably harder than was seen for AX J1845.0-0258 during its period of brightening in 1993 (kT similar to 0.6 keV) despite being at least similar to 13 times fainter. This behavior is opposite to that observed in the case of the established transient AXP, XTE J1810-197. We therefore explore the possibility that CXOU J184454.6-025653 is an unrelated source and that AX J1845.0-0258 remains undetected since 1993, with a flux 260-430 times fainter than at that epoch. If so, this would represent an unprecedented range of variability in AXPs.
C1 McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA.
RP Tam, CR (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Rutherford Phys Bldg,3600 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
EM tamc@physics.mcgill.ca
RI Gaensler, Bryan/F-8655-2010;
OI Gaensler, Bryan/0000-0002-3382-9558
NR 27
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 1
BP 548
EP 553
DI 10.1086/507262
PN 1
PG 6
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 106TX
UT WOS:000242125700047
ER
PT J
AU Gonzalez, ME
Kaspi, VM
Pivovaroff, MJ
Gaensler, BM
AF Gonzalez, M. E.
Kaspi, V. M.
Pivovaroff, M. J.
Gaensler, B. M.
TI Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of the vela-like pulsar B1046-58
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE pulsars : general; pulsars : individual (PSR B1046-58); X-rays : general
ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; SYNCHROTRON NEBULA; RADIO
PULSARS; WIND NEBULAE; YOUNG PULSARS; CRAB-NEBULA; DEEP SEARCH; GEMINGA;
PULSATIONS
AB We present results from Chandra and XMM-Newton observations of the radio pulsar B1046-58. A high-resolution spatial analysis reveals an asymmetric pulsar wind nebula (PWN), similar to 6" x 11" in size. The combined emission from the pulsar and its PWN is faint, with a best-fit power-law photon index of Gamma = 1.7(-0.2)(+0.4) and absorbed luminosity of similar to 10(32) ergs s(-1) in the 0.5-10.0 keV range (assuming a distance of 2.7 kpc). A spatially resolved imaging analysis suggests the presence of softer emission from the pulsar. No pulsations are detected from PSR B1046-58; assuming a worst-case sinusoidal pulse profile, we derive a 3 sigma upper limit for the pulsed fraction in the 0.5-10.0 keV range of 53%. Extended PWN emission is seen within 2" of the pulsar; the additional structures are highly asymmetric and extend predominantly to the southeast. We discuss the emission from the PWN as resulting from material downstream of the wind termination shock, as outflow from the pulsar, or as structures confined by a high space velocity. The first two interpretations imply equipartition fields in the observed structures of greater than or similar to 40-100 mu G, while the latter case implies a velocity for the pulsar >= 190n(0)(-1/2)km s(-1) (where n(0) is the ambient number density in units of cm(-3)). No emission from an associated supernova remnant is detected.
C1 McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Gonzalez, ME (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Rutherford Phys Bldg, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada.
EM gonzalez@physics.mcgill.ca
RI Gaensler, Bryan/F-8655-2010; Pivovaroff, Michael/M-7998-2014;
OI Pivovaroff, Michael/0000-0001-6780-6816; Gaensler,
Bryan/0000-0002-3382-9558
NR 48
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 1
BP 569
EP 575
DI 10.1086/507125
PN 1
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 106TX
UT WOS:000242125700050
ER
PT J
AU Cooper, RL
Narayan, R
AF Cooper, Randall L.
Narayan, Ramesh
TI A two-zone model for type I X-ray bursts on accreting neutron stars
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE dense matter; nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances; stars :
neutron; X-rays : binaries; X-rays : bursts
ID THERMAL RELAXATION OSCILLATIONS; HELIUM-BURNING FLASHES; SHELL FLASHES;
CYGNUS X-2; THERMONUCLEAR RUNAWAYS; RADIUS EXPANSION; NUCLEAR FUSION;
RP-PROCESS; GX 17+2; HYDROGEN
AB We construct a two-zone model to describe hydrogen and helium burning on an accreting neutron star and use it to study the triggering of type I X-ray bursts. Although highly simplified, the model reproduces all of the bursting regimes seen in the more complete global stability analysis of Narayan & Heyl, including the delayed mixed burst regime. The results are also consistent with observations. At accretion rates M/M-Edd less than or similar to 0.1, helium burning via the well-known thin-shell thermal instability triggers bursts. As. M increases, however, the triggering mechanism evolves from the fast thermal instability to a slowly growing overstability involving both hydrogen and helium burning. The competition between nuclear heating via the beta-limited CNO cycle and the triple-alpha process on the one hand, and radiative cooling via photon diffusion and emission on the other, drives oscillations with a period approximately equal to the hydrogen burning timescale. If these oscillations grow, the gradually rising temperature in the helium layer will eventually provoke a thin-shell thermal instability and hence a delayed mixed burst. For M/M-Edd less than or similar to 0.25, nuclear burning is stable and there are no bursts. Nearly all other theoretical models, including detailed time-dependent multizone calculations, predict that bursts should occur for all M/M-Edd less than or similar to 1, in conflict both with our results and with observations. We suggest that this discrepancy arises from the assumed strength of the hot CNO cycle breakout reaction O-15(alpha, gamma)Ne-19 observations agree much better with the results of Narayan & Heyl and our two-zone model, both of which neglect breakout reactions, may imply that the true O-15(alpha, gamma)Ne-19 rate is smaller than assumed in previous investigations.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Cooper, RL (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM rcooper@cfa.harvard.edu; rnarayan@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Narayan, Ramesh/0000-0002-1919-2730
NR 78
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 1
BP 584
EP 596
DI 10.1086/507782
PN 1
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 106TX
UT WOS:000242125700052
ER
PT J
AU Park, T
Kashyap, VL
Siemiginowska, A
Van Dyk, DA
Zezas, A
Heinke, C
Wargelin, BJ
AF Park, Taeyoung
Kashyap, Vinay L.
Siemiginowska, Aneta
Van Dyk, David A.
Zezas, Andreas
Heinke, Craig
Wargelin, Bradford J.
TI Bayesian estimation of hardness ratios: Modeling and computations
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE methods : statistical; stars : flare; X-rays : binaries
ID X-RAY SOURCE; CHANDRA MULTIWAVELENGTH PROJECT; FIELD NORTH SURVEY;
EMISSION; FLARE; DISTRIBUTIONS; SPECTRA; DECAY; POPULATION; STATISTICS
AB A commonly used measure to summarize the nature of a photon spectrum is the so-called hardness ratio, which compares the numbers of counts observed in different passbands. The hardness ratio is especially useful to distinguish between and categorize weak sources as a proxy for detailed spectral fitting. However, in this regime classical methods of error propagation fail, and the estimates of spectral hardness become unreliable. Here we develop a rigorous statistical treatment of hardness ratios that properly deals with detected photons as independent Poisson random variables and correctly deals with the non-Gaussian nature of the error propagation. The method is Bayesian in nature and thus can be generalized to carry out a multitude of source-population-based analyses. We verify our method with simulation studies and compare it with the classical method. We apply this method to real-world examples, such as the identification of candidate quiescent low-mass X-ray binaries in globular clusters and tracking the time evolution of a flare on a low-mass star.
C1 Harvard Univ, Dept Stat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Stat, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
RP Park, T (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Stat, 1 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM tpark@stat.harvard.edu; kashyap@head.cfa.harvard.edu;
aneta@head.cfa.harvard.edu; dvd@ics.uci.edu;
azezas@head.cfa.harvard.edu; cheinke@northwestern.edu;
bwargelin@head.cfa.harvard.edu
RI Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011;
OI Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X; Heinke, Craig/0000-0003-3944-6109
NR 49
TC 106
Z9 106
U1 0
U2 5
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 1
BP 610
EP 628
DI 10.1086/507406
PN 1
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 106TX
UT WOS:000242125700055
ER
PT J
AU Bode, MF
O'Brien, TJ
Osborne, JP
Page, KL
Senziani, F
Skinner, GK
Starrfield, S
Ness, JU
Drake, JJ
Schwarz, G
Beardmore, AP
Darnley, MJ
Eyres, SPS
Evans, A
Gehrels, N
Goad, MR
Jean, P
Krautter, J
Novara, G
AF Bode, M. F.
O'Brien, T. J.
Osborne, J. P.
Page, K. L.
Senziani, F.
Skinner, G. K.
Starrfield, S.
Ness, J. -U.
Drake, J. J.
Schwarz, G.
Beardmore, A. P.
Darnley, M. J.
Eyres, S. P. S.
Evans, A.
Gehrels, N.
Goad, M. R.
Jean, P.
Krautter, J.
Novara, G.
TI Swift observations of the 2006 outburst of the recurrent nova RS
Ophiuchi. I. Early X-ray emission from the shocked ejecta and red giant
wind
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE binaries : close; binaries : symbiotic; novae, cataclysmic variables;
stars : individual (RS Ophiuchi); supernovae : general; white dwarfs
ID SYMBIOTIC STARS; AM-HERCULIS; MODELS; SPECTROSCOPY; TELESCOPE; REMNANTS;
SPECTRA; MISSION; SYSTEMS; WAVE
AB RS Ophiuchi began its latest outburst on 2006 February 12. Previous outbursts have indicated that high-velocity ejecta interact with a preexisting red giant wind, setting up shock systems analogous to those seen in supernova remnants. However, in the previous outburst in 1985, X-ray observations did not commence until 55 days after the initial explosion. Here we report on Swift observations covering the first month of the 2006 outburst with the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) and X-Ray Telescope (XRT) instruments. RS Oph was clearly detected in the BAT 14-25 keV band from t = 0 to t similar to 6 days. XRT observations from 0.3 to 10 keV started 3.17 days after outburst. The rapidly evolving XRT spectra clearly show the presence of both line and continuum emission, which can be fitted by thermal emission from hot gas whose characteristic temperature, overlying absorbing column (N-H)(W), and resulting unabsorbed total flux decline monotonically after the first few days. Derived shock velocities are in good agreement with those found from observations at other wavelengths. Similarly, (N-H)(W) is in accord with that expected from the red giant wind ahead of the forward shock. We confirm the basic models of the 1985 outburst and conclude that standard phase I remnant evolution terminated by t similar to 6 days and the remnant then rapidly evolved to display behavior characteristic of phase III. Around t = 26 days, however, a new, luminous, and highly variable soft X-ray source began to appear, whose origin will be explored in a subsequent paper.
C1 Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Birkenhead CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England.
Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Observ, Sch Phys & Astron, Macclesfield SK11 9DL, Cheshire, England.
Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy.
Univ Toulouse 3, F-31062 Toulouse, France.
Univ Pavia, Dipartimento Fis Nucl & Teor, I-27100 Pavia, Italy.
Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse, France.
Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
W Chester Univ, Dept Geol & Astron, Chester, PA 19383 USA.
Univ Cent Lancashire, Ctr Astrophys, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England.
Univ Keele, Astron Grp, Sch Phys & Geog Sci, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England.
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
Konigstuhl, Landessternwarte, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
RP Bode, MF (reprint author), Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Birkenhead CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England.
EM mfb@astro.livjm.ac.uk; tob@jb.man.ac.uk; julo@star.le.ac.uk;
kpa@star.le.ac.uk; senziani@lambrate.inaf.it; skinner@cesr.fr;
sumner.starrfield@asu.edu; jan-uwe.ness@asu.edu; jdrake@cfa.harvard.edu;
gschwarz@as.arizona.edu; apb@star.le.ac.uk; mjd@astro.livjm.ac.uk;
spseyres@uclan.ac.uk; ae@astro.keele.ac.uk;
gehrels@milkyway.gsfc.nasa.gov; mrg@star.le.ac.uk; jean@cesr.fr;
jkrautte@lsw.uni-heidelberg.de; novara@iasf-milano.inaf.it
RI Gehrels, Neil/D-2971-2012
NR 38
TC 116
Z9 116
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 1
BP 629
EP 635
DI 10.1086/507980
PN 1
PG 7
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 106TX
UT WOS:000242125700056
ER
PT J
AU Ragland, S
Traub, WA
Berger, JP
Danchi, WC
Monnier, JD
Willson, LA
Carleton, NP
Lacasse, MG
Millan-Gabet, R
Pedretti, E
Schloerb, FP
Cotton, WD
Townes, CH
Brewer, M
Haguenauer, P
Kern, P
Labeye, P
Malbet, F
Malin, D
Pearlman, M
Perraut, K
Souccar, K
Wallace, G
AF Ragland, S.
Traub, W. A.
Berger, J. -P.
Danchi, W. C.
Monnier, J. D.
Willson, L. A.
Carleton, N. P.
Lacasse, M. G.
Millan-Gabet, R.
Pedretti, E.
Schloerb, F. P.
Cotton, W. D.
Townes, C. H.
Brewer, M.
Haguenauer, P.
Kern, P.
Labeye, P.
Malbet, F.
Malin, D.
Pearlman, M.
Perraut, K.
Souccar, K.
Wallace, G.
TI First surface-resolved results with the infrared optical telescope array
imaging interferometer: Detection of asymmetries in asymptotic giant
branch stars
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE circumstellar matter; stars : AGB and post-AGB; stars : imaging; stars :
spots; surveys; techniques : interferometric
ID ANGULAR SIZE MEASUREMENTS; MIRA VARIABLE-STARS; BIPOLAR PREPLANETARY
NEBULAE; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; MASS-LOSS RATES; EFFECTIVE
TEMPERATURES; SIO MASERS; SPECKLE-MASKING; RESOLUTION OBSERVATIONS;
OBSERVATIONAL EVIDENCE
AB We have measured nonzero closure phases for about 29% of our sample of 56 nearby asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, using the three-telescope Infrared Optical Telescope Array (IOTA) interferometer at near-infrared wavelengths (H band) and with angular resolutions in the range 5-10 mas. These nonzero closure phases can only be generated by asymmetric brightness distributions of the target stars or their surroundings. We discuss how these results were obtained and how they might be interpreted in terms of structures on or near the target stars. We also report measured angular sizes and hypothesize that most Mira stars would show detectable asymmetry if observed with adequate angular resolution.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Lab Astrophys Grenoble, F-38400 St Martin Dheres, France.
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50014 USA.
CALTECH, Michelson Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94725 USA.
ALCATEL Space Ind, F-06322 Cannes, France.
CEA Grenoble, LETI, F-38054 Grenoble 9, France.
RP Ragland, S (reprint author), Calif Assoc Res Astron, 65-1120 Mamalahoa Highway, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA.
EM sragland@keck.hawaii.edu
NR 82
TC 54
Z9 54
U1 0
U2 5
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 1
BP 650
EP 660
DI 10.1086/507453
PN 1
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 106TX
UT WOS:000242125700059
ER
PT J
AU Ciaravella, A
Raymond, JC
Kahler, SW
AF Ciaravella, A.
Raymond, J. C.
Kahler, S. W.
TI Ultraviolet properties of halo coronal mass ejections: Doppler shifts,
angles, shocks, and bulk morphology
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun : corona; Sun : coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun : UV radiation
ID WHITE-LIGHT IMAGES; GEOMAGNETIC STORMS; WAVE DRIVEN; SOLAR-WIND;
DIAGNOSTICS; SOHO; SPECTROMETER; SCATTERING; SPECTRA; FLARE
AB We present UV spectral information for 22 halo or partial halo CMEs observed by UVCS. The CME fronts show broad line profiles, while the line intensities are comparable to the background corona. The Doppler shifts of the front material are generally small, showing that the motion of gas in the fronts is mostly transverse to the line of sight. This indicates that, at least in halo CMEs, the fronts generally correspond to coronal plasma swept up by a shock or compression wave, rather than plasma carried outward by magnetic loops. This favors an ice cream cone (or a spherical shell) model, as opposed to an expanding arcade of loops. We use the line widths to discriminate between shock heating and bulk expansion. Of 14 cases where we detected the CME front, the line broadening in 7 cases can be attributed to shock heating, while in 3 cases it is the line-of-sight component of the CME expansion. For the CME cores we determine the angles between the motion and the plane of the sky, along with the actual heliocentric distances, in order to provide quantitative estimates of projection effects.
C1 Osserv Astron Palermo, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-90134 Palermo, Italy.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
USAF, Res Lab, VSBXS, Bedford, MA 01731 USA.
RP Ciaravella, A (reprint author), Osserv Astron Palermo, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-90134 Palermo, Italy.
NR 48
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 1
BP 774
EP 792
DI 10.1086/507171
PN 1
PG 19
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 106TX
UT WOS:000242125700070
ER
PT J
AU Williams, BJ
Borkowski, KJ
Reynolds, SP
Blair, WP
Ghavamian, P
Hendrick, SP
Long, KS
Points, S
Raymond, JC
Sankrit, R
Smith, RC
Winkler, PF
AF Williams, Brian J.
Borkowski, Kazimierz J.
Reynolds, Stephen P.
Blair, William P.
Ghavamian, Parviz
Hendrick, Sean P.
Long, Knox S.
Points, Sean
Raymond, John C.
Sankrit, Ravi
Smith, R. Chris
Winkler, P. Frank
TI Dust destruction in fast shocks of core-collapse supernova remnants in
the large magellanic cloud
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE dust, extinction; Magellanic Clouds; supernova remnants
ID INFRARED-EMISSION; GRAINS; EXTINCTION; ABSORPTION; LINES; N132D; GAS
AB We report observations with the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer of four supernova remnants (SNRs) believed to be the result of core-collapse supernovae: N132D (0525-69.6), N49B (0525-66.0), N23 (0506-68.0), and 0453-68.5. All four of these SNRs were detected in whole at 24 mu m and in part at 70 mu m. Comparisons with Chandra broadband X-ray images show an association of infrared (IR) emission with the blast wave. We attribute the observed IR emission to dust that has been collisionally heated by electrons and ions in the hot, X-ray-emitting plasma, with grain size distributions appropriate for the LMC and the destruction of small grains via sputtering by ions. As with our earlier analysis of Type Ia SNRs, models can reproduce observed 70 mu m/24 mu m flux ratios only if effects from sputtering are included, destroying small grains. We calculate the mass of dust swept up by the blast wave in these remnants, and we derive a dust-to-gas mass ratio of several times less than the often assumed value of 0.25% for the LMC. We believe that one explanation for this discrepancy could be porous (fluffy) dust grains.
C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Millersville Univ Pennsylvania, Dept Phys, Millersville, PA 17551 USA.
Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Natl Opt Astron Observ, La Serena 603, Chile.
Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, La Serena 603, Chile.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Middlebury Coll, Dept Phys, Middlebury, VT 05753 USA.
RP Williams, BJ (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Phys, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM bjwilli2@ncsu.edu
NR 26
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
VL 652
IS 1
BP L33
EP L36
DI 10.1086/509876
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 106TZ
UT WOS:000242125900009
ER
PT J
AU Barranco, JA
Marcus, PS
AF Barranco, Joseph A.
Marcus, Philip S.
TI A 3D spectral anelastic hydrodynamic code for shearing, stratified flows
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE hydrodynamics; vortex dynamics; anelastic approximation; rotating flows;
stratified flows; shear flows; spectral methods; coordinate mapping;
infinite domain
ID RADIATION MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS CODE; 2 SPACE DIMENSIONS; WEAKLY
MAGNETIZED DISKS; GREAT RED SPOT; ASTROPHYSICAL FLOWS; COUETTE-FLOW;
BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; ALGORITHMS; VORTICES; CONVECTION
AB We have developed a three-dimensional (3D) spectral hydrodynamic code to study vortex dynamics in rotating, shearing, stratified systems (e.g., the atmosphere of gas giant planets, protoplanetary disks around newly forming protostars). The time-in dependent background state is stably stratified in the vertical direction and has a unidirectional linear shear flow aligned with one horizontal axis. Superposed on this background state is an unsteady, subsonic flow that is evolved with the Euler equations subject to the anclastic approximation to filter acoustic phenomena. A Fourier-Fourier basis in a set of quasi-Lagrangian coordinates that advect with the background shear is used for spectral expansions in the two horizontal directions. For the vertical direction, two different sets of basis functions have been implemented: (1) Chebyshev polynomials on a truncated, finite domain, and (2) rational Chebyshev functions on an infinite domain. Use of this latter set is equivalent to transforming the infinite domain to a finite one with a cotangent mapping, and using cosine and sine expansions in the mapped coordinate. The nonlinear advection terms are time-integrated explicitly, the pressure/enthalpy terms are integrated semi-implicitly, and the Coriolis force and buoyancy terms are treated semi-analytically. We show that internal gravity waves can be damped by adding new terms to the Euler equations. The code exhibits excellent parallel performance with the message passing interface (MPI). As a demonstration of the code, we simulate the merger of two 3D vortices in the midplane of a protoplanetary disk. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Barranco, JA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Div Theory, 60 Garden St,MS 51, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM jbarranco@cfa.harvard.edu; pmarcus@me.berkeley.edu
OI Barranco, Joseph/0000-0003-2045-677X
NR 43
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9991
J9 J COMPUT PHYS
JI J. Comput. Phys.
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
VL 219
IS 1
BP 21
EP 46
DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2006.03.015
PG 26
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA 109TU
UT WOS:000242332500004
ER
PT J
AU Cisneros-Heredia, DF
Mcdiarmid, RW
AF Cisneros-Heredia, Diego F.
Mcdiarmid, Roy W.
TI Review of the taxonomy and conservation status of the Ecuadorian
Glassfrog Centrolenella puyoensis Flores & McDiarmid (Amphibia : Anura :
Centrolenidae)
SO ZOOTAXA
LA English
DT Article
DE Cochranella puyoensis n. comb.; distributional range; conservation
status; Ecuador
ID BIOGEOGRAPHY
AB The Glassfrog Centrolenella puyoensis Flores & McDiarmid is a taxon known only from the female holotype, and recently placed in the genus Centrolene due to its supposed close relationship with Centrolene mariae (Duellman & Toft). Herein we report new material of puyoensis, including adult male specimens previously unknown. We propose the new combination Cochranella puyoensis (Flores & McDiarmid) n. comb., in recognition of the state of the humeral crista ventralis in males of this species, which lack a humeral spine. The hypothesis of relationships between three species, including puyoensis, proposed as the mariae species-group is questioned as it was based on phenetic rather than derived characters. We present new data that extend the distributional range of Cochranella puyoensis, and define its range along the Foothill Evergreen forests from 400 m to 1000 m above sea level in the provinces of Napo, Orellana, and Pastaza. New data presented herein also permit a re-evaluation of the conservation status of the species, previously classified under the IUCN category of Critically Endangered. We recommend that Cochranella puyoensis be reclassified as "Endangered": EN B1ab(i, ii, iii)+ 2ab(i, ii, iii); based on a better understanding of the presence of the species, its occupancy area, number of known localities, and habitat quality status.
C1 Univ San Francisco Quito, Coll Biol & Environm Sci, Quito, Ecuador.
Smithsonian Inst, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Res Training Program, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Cisneros-Heredia, DF (reprint author), Univ San Francisco Quito, Coll Biol & Environm Sci, Cailla Postal 17, Quito, Ecuador.
EM diegofrancisco@cisneros-heredia.org; mcdiarmr@si.edu
RI Cisneros-Heredia, Diego/D-1744-2011
OI Cisneros-Heredia, Diego/0000-0002-6132-2738
NR 27
TC 8
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 0
PU MAGNOLIA PRESS
PI AUCKLAND
PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND
SN 1175-5326
EI 1175-5334
J9 ZOOTAXA
JI Zootaxa
PD NOV 20
PY 2006
IS 1361
BP 21
EP 31
PG 11
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 108CS
UT WOS:000242218500002
ER
PT J
AU Meijer, YJ
Swart, DPJ
Baier, F
Bhartia, PK
Bodeker, GE
Casadio, S
Chance, K
Del Frate, F
Erbertseder, T
Felder, MD
Flynn, LE
Godin-Beekmann, S
Hansen, G
Hasekamp, OP
Kaifel, A
Kelder, HM
Kerridge, BJ
Lambert, JC
Landgraf, J
Latter, B
Liu, X
McDermid, IS
Pachepsky, Y
Rozanov, V
Siddans, R
Tellmann, S
van der A, RJ
van Oss, RF
Weber, M
Zehner, C
AF Meijer, Y. J.
Swart, D. P. J.
Baier, F.
Bhartia, P. K.
Bodeker, G. E.
Casadio, S.
Chance, K.
Del Frate, F.
Erbertseder, T.
Felder, M. D.
Flynn, L. E.
Godin-Beekmann, S.
Hansen, G.
Hasekamp, O. P.
Kaifel, A.
Kelder, H. M.
Kerridge, B. J.
Lambert, J. -C.
Landgraf, J.
Latter, B.
Liu, X.
McDermid, I. S.
Pachepsky, Y.
Rozanov, V.
Siddans, R.
Tellmann, S.
van der A, R. J.
van Oss, R. F.
Weber, M.
Zehner, C.
TI Evaluation of Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) ozone profiles
from nine different algorithms
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIATIVE-TRANSFER MODEL; ROTATIONAL RAMAN-SCATTERING; ABSORPTION
CROSS-SECTIONS; BACKSCATTERED ULTRAVIOLET RADIANCES; PERTURBATION-THEORY
APPROACH; STRATOSPHERIC CHANGE; ERROR ANALYSIS; NEW-ZEALAND; WAVELENGTH
CALIBRATION; LIDAR MEASUREMENTS
AB [1] An evaluation is made of ozone profiles retrieved from measurements of the nadir-viewing Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) instrument. Currently, four different approaches are used to retrieve ozone profile information from GOME measurements, which differ in the use of external information and a priori constraints. In total nine different algorithms will be evaluated exploiting the optimal estimation ( Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, University of Bremen, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory), Phillips-Tikhonov regularization ( Space Research Organization Netherlands), neural network ( Center for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research, Tor Vergata University), and data assimilation ( German Aerospace Center) approaches. Analysis tools are used to interpret data sets that provide averaging kernels. In the interpretation of these data, the focus is on the vertical resolution, the indicative altitude of the retrieved value, and the fraction of a priori information. The evaluation is completed with a comparison of the results to lidar data from the Network for Detection of Stratospheric Change stations in Andoya ( Norway), Observatoire Haute Provence ( France), Mauna Loa ( Hawaii), Lauder ( New Zealand), and Dumont d'Urville ( Antarctic) for the years 1997 - 1999. In total, the comparison involves nearly 1000 ozone profiles and allows the analysis of GOME data measured in different global regions and hence observational circumstances. The main conclusion of this paper is that unambiguous information on the ozone profile can at best be retrieved in the altitude range 15 - 48 km with a vertical resolution of 10 to 15 km, precision of 5 - 10%, and a bias up to 5% or 20% depending on the success of recalibration of the input spectra. The sensitivity of retrievals to ozone at lower altitudes varies from scheme to scheme and includes significant influence from a priori assumptions.
C1 Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Environm Risks & Safety Div, Environm Measurements Lab, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands.
Eindhoven Univ Technol, Fac Appl Phys, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands.
German Aerosp Ctr, German Remote Sensing Data Ctr, DFD, D-82234 Wessling, Germany.
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20904 USA.
Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Central Otago 9182, Lauder, New Zealand.
SERCO Spa, Frascati, Italy.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Informat Sistemi & Prod, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
Natl Environm Satellite Data & Informat Serv, NOAA, Camp Springs, MD 20746 USA.
Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Serv Aeron, F-75252 Paris 05, France.
Norwegian Inst Air Res, Polar Environm Ctr, N-9296 Tromso, Norway.
SRON, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands.
Ctr Solar Energy & Hydrogen Res, D-70565 Stuttgart, Germany.
Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands.
Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
Inst Aeron Spatiale Belgique, B-1180 Brussels, Belgium.
Jet Prop Lab, Table Mt Facil, Wrightwood, CA 92397 USA.
STG Inc, Reston, VA 20190 USA.
Univ Bremen, Inst Environm Phys, D-28334 Bremen, Germany.
European Space Agcy, ESRIN, I-00044 Frascati, Italy.
RP Meijer, YJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Environm Risks & Safety Div, Environm Measurements Lab, POB 1, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands.
EM yasjka.meijer@rivm.nl; daan.swart@rivm.nl; frank.baier@dlr.de;
bhartia@carioca.gsfc.nasa.gov; g.bodeker@niwa.co.nz;
stefano.casadio@esa.int; kchance@cfa.harvard.edu;
delfrate@disp.uniroma2.it; thilo.erbertseder@dlr.de; felder@lrz.de;
lawrence.e.flynn@noaa.gov; sophie.godin@aero.jussieu.fr; ghh@nilu.no;
o.p.hasekamp@sron.nl; anton.kaifel@zsw-bw.de; kelder@knmi.nl;
b.j.kerridge@rl.ac.uk; lambert@bira-iasb.oma.be; j.landgraf@sron.nl;
b.g.latter@rl.ac.uk; xliu@cfa.harvard.edu; mcdermid@tmf.jpl.nasa.gov;
yakov.pachepsky@noaa.gov; rozanov@iup.physik.uni-bremen.de;
r.siddans@rl.ac.uk; tellmann@iup.physik.uni-bremen.de; avander@knmi.nl;
ossvanr@knmi.nl; weber@iup.physik.uni-bremen.de; claus.zehner@esa.int
RI Bhartia, Pawan/A-4209-2016; Flynn, Lawrence/B-6321-2009; Weber,
Mark/F-1409-2011; Del Frate, Fabio/G-1413-2013; Liu, Xiong/P-7186-2014
OI Bhartia, Pawan/0000-0001-8307-9137; Flynn, Lawrence/0000-0001-6856-2614;
Weber, Mark/0000-0001-8217-5450; Chance, Kelly/0000-0002-7339-7577;
Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090; Liu, Xiong/0000-0003-2939-574X
NR 86
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD NOV 15
PY 2006
VL 111
IS D21
AR D21306
DI 10.1029/2005JD006778
PG 28
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 107MO
UT WOS:000242175900001
ER
PT J
AU Sanderson, AJR
Ponman, TJ
O'Sullivan, E
AF Sanderson, Alastair J. R.
Ponman, Trevor J.
O'Sullivan, Ewan
TI A statistically selected Chandra sample of 20 galaxy clusters - I.
Temperature and cooling time profiles
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : clusters : general; intergalactic medium; X-rays : galaxies :
clusters
ID X-RAY-PROPERTIES; FLUX-LIMITED SAMPLE; XMM-NEWTON; SCALING PROJECT;
ABELL CLUSTERS; HOT GAS; EXOSAT OBSERVATIONS; MERGING CLUSTERS; ENTROPY
PROFILES; RADIO-EMISSION
AB We present an analysis of 20 galaxy clusters observed with the Chandra X-ray satellite, focusing on the temperature structure of the intracluster medium and the cooling time of the gas. Our sample is drawn from a flux-limited catalogue but excludes the Fornax, Coma and Centaurus clusters, owing to their large angular size compared to the Chandra field of view. We describe a quantitative measure of the impact of central cooling, and find that the sample comprises nine clusters possessing cool cores (CCs) and 11 without. The properties of these two types differ markedly, but there is a high degree of uniformity amongst the CC clusters, which obey a nearly universal radial scaling in temperature of the form T alpha r(similar to 0.4), within the core. This uniformity persists in the gas cooling time, which varies more strongly with radius in CC clusters (t(cool) alpha r(similar to 1.3)), reaching t(cool) < 1 Gyr in all cases, although surprisingly low central cooling times (< 5 Gyr) are found in many of the non-CC systems. The scatter between the cooling time profiles of all the clusters is found to be remarkably small, implying a universal form for the cooling time of gas at a given physical radius in virialized systems, in agreement with recent previous work. Our results favour cluster merging as the primary factor in preventing the formation of CCs.
C1 Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Sanderson, AJR (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
EM ajrs@star.sr.bham.ac.uk
OI O'Sullivan, Ewan/0000-0002-5671-6900
NR 81
TC 99
Z9 100
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD NOV 11
PY 2006
VL 372
IS 4
BP 1496
EP 1508
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10956.x
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 099VU
UT WOS:000241626100004
ER
PT J
AU Soria, R
Wong, DS
AF Soria, Roberto
Wong, Diane Sonya
TI A ultraluminous X-ray source associated with a cloud collision in M 99
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE black hole physics; galaxies : individual : NGC 4254; radio lines :
galaxies; X-rays : binaries; X-rays : galaxies
ID XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; DWARF STARBURST GALAXY; MASS BLACK-HOLES;
INTERMEDIATE-MASS; STAR-FORMATION; VIRGO CLUSTER; CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS;
ABUNDANCE GRADIENT; NEARBY GALAXIES; COLOR GRADIENTS
AB The Sc galaxy M 99 in the Virgo Cluster has been strongly affected by tidal interactions and recent close encounters, responsible for an asymmetric spiral pattern and a high star formation rate. Our XMM-Newton study shows that the inner disc is dominated by hot plasma at kT approximate to 0.30 keV, with a total X-ray luminosity of approximate to 10(41) erg s(-1) in the 0.3-12 keV band. At the outskirts of the galaxy, away from the main star-forming regions, there is an ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) with an X-ray luminosity of approximate to 2 x 10(40) erg s(-1) and a hard spectrum well fitted by a power law of photon index Gamma approximate to 1.7. This source is close to the location where a massive H I cloud appears to be falling on to the M 99 disc at a relative speed of > 100 km s(-1). We suggest that there may be a direct physical link between fast cloud collisions and the formation of bright ULXs, which may be powered by accreting black holes with masses similar to 100 M(circle dot). External collisions may trigger large-scale dynamical collapses of protoclusters, leading to the formation of very massive (greater than or similar to 200 M(circle dot)) stellar progenitors; we argue that such stars may later collapse into massive black holes if their metal abundance is sufficiently low.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Soria, R (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM rsoria@cfa.harvard.edu; dianew@astron.berkeley.edu
NR 67
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD NOV 11
PY 2006
VL 372
IS 4
BP 1531
EP 1539
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10981.x
PG 9
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 099VU
UT WOS:000241626100007
ER
PT J
AU Coppin, K
Chapin, EL
Mortier, AMJ
Scott, SE
Borys, C
Dunlop, JS
Halpern, M
Hughes, DH
Pope, A
Scott, D
Serjeant, S
Wagg, J
Alexander, DM
Almaini, O
Aretxaga, I
Babbedge, T
Best, PN
Blain, A
Chapman, S
Clements, DL
Crawford, M
Dunne, L
Eales, SA
Edge, AC
Farrah, D
Gaztanaga, E
Gear, WK
Granato, GL
Greve, TR
Fox, M
Ivison, RJ
Jarvis, MJ
Jenness, T
Lacey, C
Lepage, K
Mann, RG
Marsden, G
Martinez-Sansigre, A
Oliver, S
Page, MJ
Peacock, JA
Pearson, CP
Percival, WJ
Priddey, RS
Rawlings, S
Rowan-Robinson, M
Savage, RS
Seigar, M
Sekiguchi, K
Silva, L
Simpson, C
Smail, I
Stevens, JA
Takagi, T
Vaccari, M
van Kampen, E
Willott, CJ
AF Coppin, K.
Chapin, E. L.
Mortier, A. M. J.
Scott, S. E.
Borys, C.
Dunlop, J. S.
Halpern, M.
Hughes, D. H.
Pope, A.
Scott, D.
Serjeant, S.
Wagg, J.
Alexander, D. M.
Almaini, O.
Aretxaga, I.
Babbedge, T.
Best, P. N.
Blain, A.
Chapman, S.
Clements, D. L.
Crawford, M.
Dunne, L.
Eales, S. A.
Edge, A. C.
Farrah, D.
Gaztanaga, E.
Gear, W. K.
Granato, G. L.
Greve, T. R.
Fox, M.
Ivison, R. J.
Jarvis, M. J.
Jenness, T.
Lacey, C.
Lepage, K.
Mann, R. G.
Marsden, G.
Martinez-Sansigre, A.
Oliver, S.
Page, M. J.
Peacock, J. A.
Pearson, C. P.
Percival, W. J.
Priddey, R. S.
Rawlings, S.
Rowan-Robinson, M.
Savage, R. S.
Seigar, M.
Sekiguchi, K.
Silva, L.
Simpson, C.
Smail, I.
Stevens, J. A.
Takagi, T.
Vaccari, M.
van Kampen, E.
Willott, C. J.
TI The SCUBA half-degree extragalactic survey - II. Submillimetre maps,
catalogue and number counts
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE surveys; galaxies : evolution; galaxies : formation; galaxies :
starburst; cosmology : observations; submillimetre
ID HUBBLE-DEEP-FIELD; CLERK-MAXWELL-TELESCOPE; FALSE-DISCOVERY RATE;
LEAST-SQUARES FIT; HIGH-REDSHIFT; RADIO-SOURCES; SUPER-MAP; SCUBA-8-MJY
SURVEY; GALAXY POPULATION; SOURCE EXTRACTION
AB We present maps, source catalogue and number counts of the largest, most complete and unbiased extragalactic submillimetre survey: the 850-mu m SCUBA Half-Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES). Using the Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array (SCUBA) on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT), SHADES mapped two separate regions of sky: the Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Field (SXDF) and the Lockman Hole East (LH). Encompassing 93 per cent of the overall acquired data (i.e. data taken up to 2004 February 1), these SCUBA maps cover 720 arcmin(2) with a rms noise level of about 2 mJy and have uncovered > 100 submillimetre galaxies. In order to ensure the utmost robustness of the resulting source catalogue, data reduction was independently carried out by four subgroups within the SHADES team, providing an unprecedented degree of reliability with respect to other SCUBA catalogues available from the literature. Individual source lists from the four groups were combined to produce a robust 120-object SHADES catalogue; an invaluable resource for follow-up campaigns aiming to study the properties of a complete and consistent sample of submillimetre galaxies. For the first time, we present deboosted flux densities for each submillimetre galaxy found in a large survey. Extensive simulations and tests were performed separately by each group in order to confirm the robustness of the source candidates and to evaluate the effects of false detections, completeness and flux density boosting. Corrections for these effects were then applied to the data to derive the submillimetre galaxy source counts. SHADES has a high enough number of detected sources that meaningful differential counts can be estimated, unlike most submillimetre surveys which have to consider integral counts. We present differential and integral source number counts and find that the differential counts are better fit with a broken power law or a Schechter function than with a single power law; the SHADES data alone significantly show that a break is required at several mJy, although the precise position of the break is not well constrained. We also find that a 850-mu m survey complete down to 2 mJy would resolve 20-30 per cent of the far-infrared background into point sources.
C1 Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
Inst Nacl Astrofis Opt Elect, Puebla 72000, Mexico.
Univ Kent, Sch Phys Sci, Ctr Astrophy & Planetary Sci, Canterbury CT2 7NR, Kent, England.
Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, Astron Inst, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland.
CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Astrophys Grp, London SW7 2BW, England.
Univ Durham, Inst Computat Cosmol, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
CSIC, IEEC, Barcelona 08034, Spain.
Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3YB, S Glam, Wales.
Osserv Astron Padova, I-35122 Padua, Italy.
Royal Observ, UK ATC, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland.
Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England.
Joint Astron Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England.
UCL, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England.
Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan.
Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 2EG, Hants, England.
Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, Sci & Technol Res Inst, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England.
Univ Calif Irvine, Ctr Cosmol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.
Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
Osserv Astron Trieste, I-34131 Trieste, Italy.
Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Birkenhead CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England.
Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England.
Univ Padua, Dept Astron, I-35122 Padua, Italy.
Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astrophys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada.
RP Coppin, K (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, 6224 Agr Rd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada.
EM coppin@physics.ubc.ca
RI Oliver, Seb/A-2479-2013; Smail, Ian/M-5161-2013; Ivison, R./G-4450-2011;
Vaccari, Mattia/R-3431-2016; Gaztanaga, Enrique/L-4894-2014;
OI Alexander, David/0000-0002-5896-6313; Oliver, Seb/0000-0001-7862-1032;
Smail, Ian/0000-0003-3037-257X; Ivison, R./0000-0001-5118-1313; Vaccari,
Mattia/0000-0002-6748-0577; Gaztanaga, Enrique/0000-0001-9632-0815;
Granato, Gian Luigi/0000-0002-4480-6909; Edge,
Alastair/0000-0002-3398-6916; Scott, Douglas/0000-0002-6878-9840;
Jenness, Tim/0000-0001-5982-167X
NR 74
TC 311
Z9 311
U1 0
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD NOV 11
PY 2006
VL 372
IS 4
BP 1621
EP 1652
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10961.x
PG 32
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 099VU
UT WOS:000241626100016
ER
PT J
AU Benko, JM
Bakos, GA
Nuspl, J
AF Benko, J. M.
Bakos, G. A.
Nuspl, J.
TI Multicolour CCD photometry of the variable stars in globular cluster M3
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE techniques : photometric; stars : individual : RR Lyrae; stars :
variables : other; globular clusters : individual : M3
ID RR-LYRAE STARS; LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE;
IMAGE-SUBTRACTION; FREQUENCY-ANALYSIS; NONRADIAL PULSATIONS;
EVOLUTIONARY STATUS; SEARCH; IDENTIFICATION; INVENTORY
AB We present time-series data on the variable stars of the galactic globular cluster Messier 3 (M3). We give BVIC light curves for 226 RR Lyrae, 2 SX Phe and 1 W Vir type variables, along with estimated fundamental photometric parameters such as intensity and magnitude-averaged brightness and pulsation periods. In some cases, the periods we have found significantly differ from the previously published ones. This is the first published light curve and period determination for variable V266. The I-band light curve has not been observed previously for numerous (76) variables. Three new RR Lyrae variables have been discovered. Groups of RR Lyrae variables that belong to different evolutionary stages and have been separated previously on the basis of V data were found here for all colours and colour indices by cluster analysis. The I-band period-luminosity relation is also discussed. From the 66 modulated (Blazhko type) RR Lyrae stars we investigated, six are newly identified and two of them are first overtone pulsators. In the case of 13 RR Lyrae, the period of Blazhko cycle has been estimated for the first time. V252 is identified as a new RRd variable. Amplitude ratios of RRd stars have been investigated to search possible mode content changes. In contrast to previous publications no changes have been found. Problems with the sampling of the time-series of typical cluster variability surveys are demonstrated.
C1 Hungarian Acad Sci, Konkoly Observ, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Benko, JM (reprint author), Hungarian Acad Sci, Konkoly Observ, POB 67, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary.
EM benko@konkoly.hu
OI Benko, Jozsef/0000-0003-3851-6603
NR 75
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD NOV 11
PY 2006
VL 372
IS 4
BP 1657
EP 1674
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10953.x
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 099VU
UT WOS:000241626100018
ER
PT J
AU Rebusco, P
Churazov, E
Bohringer, H
Forman, W
AF Rebusco, P.
Churazov, E.
Boehringer, H.
Forman, W.
TI Effect of turbulent diffusion on iron abundance profiles
SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
DE diffusion; turbulence; galaxies : abundances
ID BRIGHTEST CLUSTER MEMBERS; DEEP CHANDRA OBSERVATION; XMM-NEWTON
OBSERVATIONS; GALAXY GROUP NGC-5044; X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; MULTIPHASE HOT
GAS; PERSEUS CLUSTER; CENTAURUS CLUSTER; INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM; COOLING
FLOWS
AB We compare the observed peaked iron abundance profiles for a small sample of groups and clusters with the predictions of a simple model involving the metal ejection from the brightest galaxy and the subsequent diffusion of metals by stochastic gas motions. Extending the analysis of Rebusco et al., we found that for five out of eight objects in the sample an effective diffusion coefficient of the order of 10(29) cm(2) s(-1) is needed. For AWM4, Centaurus and AWM7 the results are different suggesting substantial intermittence in the process of metal spreading across the cluster. There is no obvious dependence of the diffusion coefficient on the mass of the system.
We also estimated the characteristic velocities and the spatial scales of the gas motions needed to balance the cooling losses by the dissipation of the same gas motions. A comparison of the derived spatial scales and the sizes of observed radio bubbles inflated in the ICM by a central active galactic nucleus (AGN) suggests that the AGN/ICM interaction makes an important (if not a dominant) contribution to the gas motions in the cluster cores.
C1 Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
Inst Space Res, IKI, Moscow 117810, Russia.
Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85740 Garching, Germany.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Rebusco, P (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany.
EM pao@mpa-garching.mpg.de
RI Churazov, Eugene/A-7783-2013
NR 97
TC 60
Z9 60
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0035-8711
EI 1365-2966
J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC
JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc.
PD NOV 11
PY 2006
VL 372
IS 4
BP 1840
EP 1850
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10977.x
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 099VU
UT WOS:000241626100034
ER
PT J
AU Shapley, AE
Steidel, CC
Pettini, M
Adelberger, KL
Erb, DK
AF Shapley, Alice E.
Steidel, Charles C.
Pettini, Max
Adelberger, Kurt L.
Erb, Dawn K.
TI The direct detection of lyman continuum emission from star-forming
galaxies at z similar to 3
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE cosmology : observations; diffuse radiation; galaxies : high-redshift;
intergalactic medium
ID ULTRAVIOLET LUMINOSITY DENSITY; HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; LY-ALPHA FOREST;
BREAK GALAXIES; STARBURST GALAXIES; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; CLUMPY UNIVERSE;
IONIZING-RADIATION; OB ASSOCIATIONS; ESCAPE
AB We present the results of rest-frame UV spectroscopic observations of a sample of 14z similar to 3 star-forming galaxies in the SSA 22a field. These spectra are characterized by unprecedented depth in the Lyman continuum region. For the first time, we have detected escaping ionizing radiation from individual galaxies at high redshift, with 2 of the 14 objects showing significant emission below the Lyman limit. We also measured the ratio of emergent flux density at 1500 8 to that in the Lyman continuum region, for the individual detections (C49 and D3) and the sample average. If a correction for the average IGM opacity is applied to the spectra of the objects C49 and D3, we ;find f(1500)/f(900),(corr),(C49) = 4.5 and f(1500)/f(900),(corr),(D3) = 2.9. The average emergent flux density ratio in our sample is < f(1500)/f(900); corr > = 22, implying an escape fraction similar to 4.5 times lower than inferred from the composite spectrum from Steidel and coworkers. If this new estimate is representative of LBGs, their contribution to the metagalactic ionizing radiation field is J(v)(900) similar to 2.6 x 10(-22) ergs s(-1) cm(-2) Hz(-1) sr(-1), comparable to the contribution of optically selected quasars at the same redshift. The sum of the contributions from galaxies and quasars is consistent with recent estimates of the level of the ionizing background at z similar to 3, inferred from the H I Ly alpha forest optical depth. There is significant variance among the emergent far-UV spectra in our sample, yet the factors controlling the detection or nondetection of Lyman continuum emission from galaxies are not well determined. Because we do not yet understand the source of this variance, significantly larger samples will be required to obtain robust constraints on the galaxy contribution to the ionizing background at z similar to 3 and beyond.
C1 Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England.
McKinsey & Co Inc, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Shapley, AE (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Peyton Hall,Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
NR 52
TC 226
Z9 226
U1 1
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2006
VL 651
IS 2
BP 688
EP 703
DI 10.1086/507511
PN 1
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 102PQ
UT WOS:000241825000008
ER
PT J
AU Brodwin, M
Brown, MJI
Ashby, MLN
Bian, C
Brand, K
Dey, A
Eisenhardt, PR
Eisenstein, DJ
Gonzalez, AH
Huang, JS
Jannuzi, BT
Kochanek, CS
McKenzie, E
Murray, SS
Pahre, MA
Smith, HA
Soifer, BT
Stanford, SA
Stern, D
Elston, RJ
AF Brodwin, M.
Brown, M. J. I.
Ashby, M. L. N.
Bian, C.
Brand, K.
Dey, A.
Eisenhardt, P. R.
Eisenstein, D. J.
Gonzalez, A. H.
Huang, J. -S.
Jannuzi, B. T.
Kochanek, C. S.
McKenzie, E.
Murray, S. S.
Pahre, M. A.
Smith, H. A.
Soifer, B. T.
Stanford, S. A.
Stern, D.
Elston, R. J.
TI Photometric redshifts in the IRAC Shallow Survey
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : clusters : general; galaxies : clusters : individual (ISCS
J1434.5+3427); galaxies : distances and redshifts; galaxies : evolution;
galaxies : photometry; methods : statistical
ID INFRARED ARRAY CAMERA; EVOLUTIONARY POPULATION SYNTHESIS; ARTIFICIAL
NEURAL-NETWORKS; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; X-RAY
SURVEY; DEEP FIELDS; HUBBLE; XBOOTES; CATALOG
AB Accurate photometric redshifts are calculated for nearly 200,000 galaxies to a 4.5 mu m flux limit of similar to 13 mu Jy in the 8.5 deg(2) Spitzer IRAC Shallow Survey. Using a hybrid photometric redshift algorithm incorporating both neural net and template-fitting techniques, calibrated with over 15,000 spectroscopic redshifts, a redshift accuracy of sigma = 0.06(1 + z) is achieved for 95% of galaxies at 0 < z < 1.5. The accuracy is sigma = 0.12(1 + z) for 95% of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at 0 < z < 3. Redshift probability functions, central to several ongoing studies of the galaxy population, are computed for the full sample. We demonstrate that these functions accurately represent the true redshift probability density, allowing the calculation of valid confidence intervals for all objects. These probability functions have already been used to successfully identify a population of Spitzer-selected high-redshift (z > 1) galaxy clusters. We present one such spectroscopically confirmed cluster at < z > = 1.24, ISCS J1434.5+3427. Finally, we present a measurement of the 4.5 mu m-selected galaxy redshift distribution.
C1 CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Princeton Univ, Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85121 USA.
Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Brodwin, M (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Mail Stop 169-506, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
EM mark.brodwin@jpl.nasa.gov
RI Brown, Michael/B-1181-2015
OI Brown, Michael/0000-0002-1207-9137
NR 61
TC 108
Z9 108
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2006
VL 651
IS 2
BP 791
EP 803
DI 10.1086/507838
PN 1
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 102PQ
UT WOS:000241825000017
ER
PT J
AU Caldwell, N
AF Caldwell, Nelson
TI Color-magnitude diagrams of resolved stars in Virgo Cluster dwarf
galaxies
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : clusters : individual (Virgo cluster); galaxies : dwarf;
galaxies : stellar content
ID RED GIANT BRANCH; STELLAR POPULATIONS; DISTANCE INDICATOR; ELLIPTIC
GALAXIES; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; SPHEROIDAL COMPANIONS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION;
WFPC2 OBSERVATIONS; PLANETARY-NEBULAE; HUBBLE CONSTANT
AB The Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) has been used to image two fields in the core of the Virgo Cluster that contain a number of dwarf elliptical galaxies. The combined F555W and F814W images have resolved red giant stars in these galaxies, down to 1 mag below the giant branch tip. Two of the galaxies were targeted because of their extremely low central surface brightnesses (B-o > 27.0); thus, the successful resolution into stars confirms the existence of such tenuous galaxies. Red giant stars were also found that are not ostensibly associated with any galaxy. Color-magnitude diagrams in V and I have been derived for the five dwarfs, as well as the halo of a nearby spiral galaxy and the intracluster stars in the two fields. These diagrams were used to derive distances and metallicities via the magnitude of the red giant branch tip, and the mean color of the giant branch. The mean abundances of stars in the dwarfs range from -1.2 < [Fe/H] < -2.4, and fall along the relation between galaxy luminosity and metallicity found for Local Group and M81 group dwarf elliptical galaxies. [Fe/H] does not appear to be well-correlated with galaxy surface brightness, as the two extremely low surface brightness galaxies do not have extreme abundances. The mean distance modulus of the six Virgo galaxies is 31.0 +/- 0.05, or 16.1 +/- 0.4 Mpc, whereas that for the intracluster stars in those fields is 31.2 +/- 0.09 (17.4 +/- 0.7 Mpc).
C1 Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Caldwell, N (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM caldwell@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 39
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2006
VL 651
IS 2
BP 822
EP 834
DI 10.1086/507825
PN 1
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 102PQ
UT WOS:000241825000020
ER
PT J
AU Dunham, MM
Evans, NJ
Bourke, TL
Dullemond, CP
Young, CH
Brooke, TY
Chapman, N
Myers, PC
Porras, A
Spiesman, W
Teuben, PJ
Wahhaj, Z
AF Dunham, Michael M.
Evans, Neal J., II
Bourke, Tyler L.
Dullemond, Cornelis P.
Young, Chadwick H.
Brooke, Timothy Y.
Chapman, Nicholas
Myers, Philip C.
Porras, Alicia
Spiesman, William
Teuben, Peter J.
Wahhaj, Zahed
TI The Spitzer c2d survey of nearby dense cores. I. First direct detection
of the embedded source in IRAM 04191+1522
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM : individual (IRAM 04191+1522); stars : formation; stars : low-mass,
brown dwarfs
ID MASS STAR-FORMATION; SUBMILLIMETER CONTINUUM OBSERVATIONS; 2-DIMENSIONAL
RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; AURIGA MOLECULAR CLOUD; SPACE-TELESCOPE;
PROTOSTELLAR CORES; PROTOSTARS; TAURUS; OUTFLOW; DISKS
AB We report the first detections of the Class 0 protostellar source IRAM 04191+1522 at wavelengths shortward of 60 mu m with the Spitzer Space Telescope. We see extended emission in the Spitzer images that suggests the presence of an outflow cavity in the circumstellar envelope. We combine the Spitzer observations with existing data to form a complete data set ranging from 3.6 to 1300 mu m and use these data to construct radiative transfer models of the source. We conclude that the internal luminosity of IRAM 04191+1522, defined to be the sum of the luminosity from the internal sources (a star and a disk), is L-int = 0.08 +/- 0.04 L-circle dot, placing it among the lowest luminosity protostars known. Although it was discovered before the launch of the Spitzer Space Telescope, IRAM 04191+1522 falls within a new class of very low luminosity objects being discovered by Spitzer. Unlike the two other well-studied objects in this class, which are associated either with weak, compact outflows or no outflows at all, IRAM 04191+1522 has a well-defined molecular outflow with properties consistent with those expected based on relations derived from higher luminosity (L-int >= 1 L-circle dot) protostars. We discuss the difficulties in understanding IRAM 04191+1522 in the context of the standard model of star formation and suggest a possible explanation for the very low luminosity of this source.
C1 Univ Texas, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Nicholls State Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Thiboudaux, LA 70301 USA.
CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
INAOE, Tonantzintla, Pue, Mexico.
No Arizona Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Dunham, MM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Dept Astron, 1 Univ Stn,C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
EM mdunham@astro.as.utexas.edu
OI Dullemond, Cornelis/0000-0002-7078-5910
NR 60
TC 64
Z9 64
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2006
VL 651
IS 2
BP 945
EP 959
DI 10.1086/508051
PN 1
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 102PQ
UT WOS:000241825000030
ER
PT J
AU Heinke, CO
Wijnands, R
Cohn, HN
Lugger, PM
Grindlay, JE
Pooley, D
Lewin, WHG
AF Heinke, C. O.
Wijnands, R.
Cohn, H. N.
Lugger, P. M.
Grindlay, J. E.
Pooley, D.
Lewin, W. H. G.
TI Faint X-ray sources in the globular cluster Terzan 5
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE globular clusters : individual (Terzan 5); novae, cataclysmic variables;
stars : neutron; X-rays : binaries
ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATION; CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES;
NEUTRON-STAR; GLOBULAR-CLUSTER-47 TUCANAE; MILLISECOND PULSAR;
GALACTIC-CENTER; POINT SOURCES; CHANDRA; MASS
AB We report our analysis of a Chandra X-ray observation of the rich globular cluster Terzan 5, in which we detect 50 sources to a limiting 1.0-6 keV X-ray luminosity of 3; 1031 ergs s(-1) within the half-mass radius of the cluster. Thirty-three of these have L-X > 1032 ergs s(-1), the largest number yet seen in any globular cluster. In addition to the quiescent low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB; identified by Wijnands et al.), another 12 relatively soft sources may be quiescent LMXBs. We compare the X-ray colors of the harder sources in Terzan 5 to the Galactic center sources studied by Muno and collaborators and find the Galactic center sources to have harder X-ray colors, indicating a possible difference in the populations. We cannot clearly identify a metallicity dependence in the production of low-luminosity X-ray binaries in Galactic globular clusters, but a metallicity dependence of the form suggested by Jordan et al. for extragalactic LMXBs is consistent with our data.
C1 Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Indiana Univ, Dept Astron, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM cheinke@northwestern.edu
OI Heinke, Craig/0000-0003-3944-6109
NR 68
TC 58
Z9 58
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2006
VL 651
IS 2
BP 1098
EP 1111
DI 10.1086/507884
PN 1
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 102PQ
UT WOS:000241825000044
ER
PT J
AU Pascucci, I
Gorti, U
Hollenbach, D
Najita, J
Meyer, MR
Carpenter, JM
Hillenbrand, LA
Herczeg, GJ
Padgett, DL
Mamajek, EE
Silverstone, MD
Schlingman, WM
Kim, JS
Stobie, EB
Bouwman, J
Wolf, S
Rodmann, J
Hines, DC
Lunine, J
Malhotra, R
AF Pascucci, I.
Gorti, U.
Hollenbach, D.
Najita, J.
Meyer, M. R.
Carpenter, J. M.
Hillenbrand, L. A.
Herczeg, G. J.
Padgett, D. L.
Mamajek, E. E.
Silverstone, M. D.
Schlingman, W. M.
Kim, J. S.
Stobie, E. B.
Bouwman, J.
Wolf, S.
Rodmann, J.
Hines, D. C.
Lunine, J.
Malhotra, R.
TI Formation and evolution of planetary systems: Upper limits to the gas
mass in disks around Sun-like stars
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE circumstellar matter; infrared : stars; planetary systems : formation;
solar system : formation
ID MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; T-TAURI STARS; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; FINAL
ARCHIVE SPECTRA; YOUNG STARS; TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS;
H-2 EMISSION; DEBRIS DISKS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS
AB We have carried out a sensitive search for gas emission lines at IR and millimeter wavelengths for a sample of 15 young Sun-like stars selected from our dust disk survey with Spitzer. We have used mid-IR lines to trace the warm (300-100 K) gas in the inner disk and millimeter transitions of (CO)-C-12 to probe the cold (similar to 20 K) outer disk. We report no gas line detections from our sample. Line flux upper limits are first converted to warm and cold gas mass limits using simple approximations allowing a direct comparison with values from the literature. We also present results from more sophisticated models following Gorti & Hollenbach that confirm and extend our simple analysis. These models show that the [S-I]25.23 mu m line can set constraining limits on the gas surface density at the disk inner radius and traces disk regions up to a few AU. We find that none of the 15 systems have more than 0.04M(J) of gas within a few AU from the disk inner radius for disk radii from 1 to similar to 40 AU. These gas mass upper limits even in the eight systems younger than similar to 30 Myr suggest that most of the gas is dispersed early. The gas mass upper limits in the 10-40 AU region, which is mainly traced by our CO data, are < 2 M-circle plus. If these systems are analogs of the solar system, they either have already formed Uranus- and Neptune-like planets or will not form them beyond 100 Myr. Finally, the gas surface density upper limits at 1 AU are smaller than 0.01% of the minimum mass solar nebula for most of the sources. If terrestrial planets form frequently and their orbits are circularized by gas, then circularization occurs early.
C1 Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Pascucci, I (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
OI Malhotra, Renu/0000-0002-1226-3305
NR 93
TC 94
Z9 94
U1 0
U2 5
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2006
VL 651
IS 2
BP 1177
EP 1193
DI 10.1086/507761
PN 1
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 102PQ
UT WOS:000241825000052
ER
PT J
AU Wang, Y
Zhang, QZ
Rathborne, JM
Jackson, J
Wu, YF
AF Wang, Yang
Zhang, Qizhou
Rathborne, Jill M.
Jackson, James
Wu, Yuefang
TI Water masers associated with infrared dark cloud cores
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM : clouds; ISM : kinematics and dynamics; stars : formation
ID ULTRACOMPACT HII-REGIONS; H2O MASERS; STAR-FORMATION; IRAS SOURCES;
AMMONIA; SAMPLE; CANDIDATES; PRECURSORS
AB We present a survey of the 6(16)-5(23) H2O maser transition toward a sample of 140 compact cores in infrared dark clouds using the Very Large Array. Strong (> 1 Jy) H2O maser emission was found associated with 17 cores, indicative of star formation in these cores. We infer that the cores with H2O masers have embedded protostars. Cores associated with maser emission have masses of 12 to M-circle dot, similar to the mass range in the entire sample. The H2O maser detection rate (12%) toward the compact, cold cores is much lower than that toward high-mass protostellar objects and ultracompact H (II) regions. The detection rate of H2O masers is significantly higher for higher mass cores than for lower mass cores. We suggest that some of the most massive infrared dark cloud cores without H2O maser emission are at an evolutionary stage earlier than the protostellar phases. They are prime candidates for high-mass starless cores.
C1 Peking Univ, Dept Astron, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
Peking Univ, CAS, PKU, Joint Beijing Astrophys Ctr, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Peking Univ, Dept Astron, 5 Haidan Lu, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
OI Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589
NR 27
TC 48
Z9 48
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 10
PY 2006
VL 651
IS 2
BP L125
EP L128
DI 10.1086/508939
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 102PR
UT WOS:000241825100012
ER
PT J
AU Klein, M
Novikova, I
Phillips, DF
Walsworth, RL
AF Klein, M.
Novikova, I.
Phillips, D. F.
Walsworth, R. L.
TI Slow light in paraffin-coated Rb vapour cells
SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 36th Winter Colloquium on Physics of Quantum Electronics
CY JAN 02-06, 2006
CL Snowbird, UT
ID ELECTROMAGNETICALLY INDUCED TRANSPARENCY; ATOMIC MAGNETOMETERS;
RELAXATION; ENSEMBLES
AB Preliminary results from an experimental study of slow light in anti-relaxation-coated Rb vapour cells are presented, and the construction and testing of such cells are described. The slow ground state decoherence rate allowed by coated cell walls leads to a dual-structured electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectrum with a very narrow (< 100 Hz) transparency peak on top of a broad pedestal. Such dual-structured EIT permits optical probe pulses to propagate with greatly reduced group velocity on two time scales. Ongoing efforts to optimize the pulse delay in such coated cell systems are discussed.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Klein, M (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM mklein@fas.harvard.edu
RI Novikova, Irina/B-9041-2008
NR 31
TC 52
Z9 53
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0950-0340
J9 J MOD OPTIC
JI J. Mod. Opt.
PD NOV 10
PY 2006
VL 53
IS 16-17
BP 2583
EP 2591
DI 10.1080/09500340600952135
PG 9
WC Optics
SC Optics
GA 098WD
UT WOS:000241552600032
ER
PT J
AU Ward, P
Labandeira, C
Laurin, M
Berner, RA
AF Ward, Peter
Labandeira, Conrad
Laurin, Michel
Berner, Robert A.
TI Confirmation of Romer's Gap as a low oxygen interval constraining the
timing of initial arthropod and vertebrate terrestrial ization
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE atmospheric O-2; paleozoic; tetrapods
ID ATMOSPHERIC OXYGEN; EARLY TETRAPOD; EVOLUTION; MODEL
AB The first terrestrialization of species that evolved from previously aquatic taxa was a seminal event in evolutionary history. For vertebrates, one of the most important terrestrialized groups, this event was interrupted by a time interval known as Romer's Gap, for which, until recently, few fossils were known. Here, we argue that geochronologic range data of terrestrial arthropods show a pattern similar to that of vertebrates. Thus, Romer's Gap is real, occupied an interval from 360 million years before present (MYBP) to 345 MYBP, and occurred when environmental conditions were unfavorable for air-breathing, terrestrial animals. These model results suggest that atmospheric oxygen levels were the major driver of successful terrestrialization, and a low-oxygen interval accounts for Romer's Gap. Results also show that terrestrialization among members of arthropod and vertebrate clades occurred in two distinct phases. The first phase was a 65-million-year (My) interval from 425 to 360 MYBP, representing an earlier, prolonged event of complete arthropod terrestrialization of smaller-sized forms (425-385 MYBP) and a subsequent, modest, and briefer event of incipient terrestrialization of larger-sized, aquatic vertebrates (385-360 MYBP). The second phase began at 345 MYBP, characterized by numerous new terrestrial species emerging in both major clades. The first and second terrestrialization phases bracket Romer's Gap, which represents a depauperate spectrum of major arthropod and vertebrate taxa before a major Late Paleozoic colonization of terrestrial habitats.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Univ Paris 06, Ctr Natl Rech Sci, Format Rech Evolut 2696, F-75005 Paris, France.
Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
RP Ward, P (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM argo@u.washington.edu; robert.berner@yale.edu
RI Laurin, Michel/B-7884-2008
OI Laurin, Michel/0000-0003-2974-9835
NR 37
TC 75
Z9 79
U1 2
U2 22
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD NOV 7
PY 2006
VL 103
IS 45
BP 16818
EP 16822
DI 10.1073/pnas.0607824103
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 104PB
UT WOS:000241969500036
PM 17065318
ER
PT J
AU Gerardo, NM
Mueller, UG
Currie, CR
AF Gerardo, Nicole M.
Mueller, Ulrich G.
Currie, Cameron R.
TI Complex host-pathogen coevolution in the Apterostigma fungus-growing
ant-microbe symbiosis
SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PRIMARY PROKARYOTIC ENDOSYMBIONTS; EVOLUTION; COSPECIATION; DNA;
AGRICULTURE; MUTUALISM; PARASITES; INSECTS
AB Background: The fungus-growing ant-microbe symbiosis consists of coevolving microbial mutualists and pathogens. The diverse fungal lineages that these ants cultivate are attacked by parasitic microfungi of the genus Escovopsis. Previous molecular analyses have demonstrated strong phylogenetic congruence between the ants, the ants-cultivated fungi and the garden pathogen Escovopsis at ancient phylogenetic levels, suggesting coevolution of these symbionts. However, few studies have explored cophylogenetic patterns between these symbionts at the recent phylogenetic levels necessary to address whether these parasites are occasionally switching to novel hosts or whether they are diversifying with their hosts as a consequence of long-term host fidelity.
Results: Here, a more extensive phylogenetic analysis of Escovopsis lineages infecting the gardens of Apterostigma ants demonstrates that these pathogens display patterns of phylogenetic congruence with their fungal hosts. Particular clades of Escovopsis track particular clades of cultivated fungi, and closely-related Escovopsis generally infect closely-related hosts. Discordance between host and parasite phylogenies, however, provides the first evidence for occasional hostswitches or acquisitions of novel infections from the environment.
Conclusion: The fungus-growing ant-microbe association has a complex coevolutionary history. Though there is clear evidence of host-specificity on the part of diverse Escovopsis lineages, these pathogens have switched occasionally to novel host fungi. Such switching is likely to have profound effects on how these host and parasites adapt to one another over evolutionary time scales and may impact how disease spreads over ecological time scales.
C1 Univ Texas, Sect Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Gerardo, NM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Sect Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
EM ngerardo@email.arizona.edu; umueller@mail.utexas.edu;
currie@bact.wisc.edu
NR 38
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 2
U2 21
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2148
J9 BMC EVOL BIOL
JI BMC Evol. Biol.
PD NOV 3
PY 2006
VL 6
AR 88
DI 10.1186/1471-2148-6-88
PG 9
WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 105GD
UT WOS:000242017500001
PM 17083733
ER
PT J
AU Alexander, S
AF Alexander, Sara
TI Demons in Eden
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Alexander, S (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM alexandersar@si.edu
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD NOV 3
PY 2006
VL 314
IS 5800
BP 763
EP 763
DI 10.1126/science.1133761
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 101GR
UT WOS:000241729800025
ER
PT J
AU Worm, B
Barbier, EB
Beaumont, N
Duffy, JE
Folke, C
Halpern, BS
Jackson, JBC
Lotze, HK
Micheli, F
Palumbi, SR
Sala, E
Selkoe, KA
Stachowicz, JJ
Watson, R
AF Worm, Boris
Barbier, Edward B.
Beaumont, Nicola
Duffy, J. Emmett
Folke, Carl
Halpern, Benjamin S.
Jackson, Jeremy B. C.
Lotze, Heike K.
Micheli, Fiorenza
Palumbi, Stephen R.
Sala, Enric
Selkoe, Kimberley A.
Stachowicz, John J.
Watson, Reg
TI Impacts of biodiversity loss on ocean ecosystem services
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CURRENT KNOWLEDGE; DIVERSITY; POPULATIONS; RESISTANCE; RECOVERY;
PATTERNS; ECOLOGY
AB Human-dominated marine ecosystems are experiencing accelerating loss of populations and species, with largely unknown consequences. We analyzed local experiments, long-term regional time series, and global fisheries data to test how biodiversity loss affects marine ecosystem services across temporal and spatial scales. Overall, rates of resource collapse increased and recovery potential, stability, and water quality decreased exponentially with declining diversity. Restoration of biodiversity, in contrast, increased productivity fourfold and decreased variability by 21%, on average. We conclude that marine biodiversity loss is increasingly impairing the ocean's capacity to provide food, maintain water quality, and recover from perturbations. Yet available data suggest that at this point, these trends are still reversible.
C1 Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada.
Univ Wyoming, Dept Econ & Finance, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
Plymouth Marine Lab, Plymouth PL1 3DH, Devon, England.
Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
Stockholm Univ, Dept Syst Ecol, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
Royal Swedish Acad Sci, Beijer Int Inst Ecol Econ, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden.
Natl Ctr Ecol Anal & Synth, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Sect Evolut & Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
RP Worm, B (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS B3H 4J1, Canada.
EM bworm@dal.ca
RI Watson, Reg/F-4850-2012; Wright, Dawn/A-4518-2011
OI Watson, Reg/0000-0001-7201-8865; Wright, Dawn/0000-0002-2997-7611
NR 28
TC 1596
Z9 1662
U1 162
U2 1659
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD NOV 3
PY 2006
VL 314
IS 5800
BP 787
EP 790
DI 10.1126/science.1132294
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 101GR
UT WOS:000241729800037
PM 17082450
ER
PT J
AU van Donkelaar, A
Martin, RV
Park, RJ
AF van Donkelaar, Aaron
Martin, Randall V.
Park, Rokjin J.
TI Estimating ground-level PM2.5 using aerosol optical depth determined
from satellite remote sensing
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID RESOLUTION IMAGING SPECTRORADIOMETER; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION;
UNITED-STATES; CARBONACEOUS AEROSOLS; EMISSION DATA; ART.; MODIS;
QUALITY; AERONET; TRANSPORT
AB We assess the relationship of ground-level fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations for 2000-2001 measured as part of the Canadian National Air Pollution Surveillance (NAPS) network and the U. S. Air Quality System (AQS), versus remote-sensed PM2.5 determined from aerosol optical depths (AOD) measured by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR) satellite instruments. A global chemical transport model (GEOS-CHEM) is used to simulate the factors affecting the relation between AOD and PM2.5. AERONET AOD is used to evaluate the method (r=0.71, N=48, slope=0.69). We find significant spatial variation of the annual mean ground-based measurements with PM2.5 determined from MODIS (r=0.69, N=199, slope=0.82) and MISR (r=0.58, N=199, slope=0.57). Excluding California significantly increases the respective slopes and correlations. The relative vertical profile of aerosol extinction is the most important factor affecting the spatial relationship between satellite and surface measurements of PM2.5; neglecting this parameter would reduce the spatial correlation to 0.36. In contrast, temporal variation in AOD is the most influential parameter affecting the temporal relationship between satellite and surface measurements of PM2.5; neglecting daily variation in this parameter would decrease the correlation in eastern North America from 0.5-0.8 to less than 0.2. Other simulated aerosol properties, such as effective radius and extinction efficiency have a minor role temporally, but do influence the spatial correlation. Global mapping of PM2.5 from both MODIS and MISR reveals annual mean concentrations of 40-50 ug/m(3) over northern India and China.
C1 Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5, Canada.
Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP van Donkelaar, A (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5, Canada.
EM adonkela@dal.ca
RI Martin, Randall/A-2051-2008; Martin, Randall/C-1205-2014; Chem,
GEOS/C-5595-2014; Park, Rokjin/I-5055-2012
OI Martin, Randall/0000-0003-2632-8402; Park, Rokjin/0000-0001-8922-0234
NR 41
TC 127
Z9 128
U1 8
U2 81
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD NOV 2
PY 2006
VL 111
IS D21
AR D21201
DI 10.1029/2005JD006996
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 103DQ
UT WOS:000241866300001
ER
PT J
AU Megyesi, MS
Ubelaker, DH
Sauer, NJ
AF Megyesi, Mary S.
Ubelaker, Douglas H.
Sauer, Norman J.
TI Test of the Lamendin aging method on two historic skeletal samples
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Spitalfields; St. Bride's; age estimation; root translucency
ID ROOT DENTIN TRANSPARENCY; AGE ESTIMATION; HUMAN TEETH; TRANSLUCENCY;
REMAINS; HUMANS; ADULTS; DEATH
AB The Lamendin aging method involves the quantification of root translucency and the attachment position of the periodontal membrane. It was developed using recent medical-examiner specimens, and was tested on modern skeletal samples such as the Terry Collection (Lamendin et al. [1992] J. Forensic Sci. 37:1373-1379; Prince and Ubelaker [2002] J. Forensic Sci. 47:107-116). The method may be one of the most useful for estimating age after the mid-30s. The current study is an evaluation of the Lamendin criteria on two historic skeletal samples from Britain. Both the Christ's Church Spitalfields and St. Bride's Church collections represent documented skeletal samples that were interred in the 18th and 19th centuries. In total, 1,188 teeth from 220 adult individuals were examined from these two collections. The Lamendin method requires measuring total root length (cementoenamel junction to apex), gingival regression (cementoenamel junction to periodontal ligament attachment), and root translucency (root apex to maximum level of root translucency) on the labial surface of single-rooted teeth. Our results indicate that postmortem factors affect the applicability of the Lamendin technique to archaeological and historical samples. In particular, root translucency disappears with time, or is obscured by unknown postmortem taphonomic effects related to the length of interment or postmortem environment. Thirty-five percent of our sample showed no root translucency, indicating that caution is required when applying this method to archaeological or historical remains. The mean error of age estimates for Spitalfields and St. Bride's was higher than in the original study of Lamendin et al. ([1992] J. Forensic Sci. 37: 1373-1379), and higher than in the test by Prince and Ubelaker ([2002] J. Forensic Sci. 47:107-116) of the Lamendin method on the Terry Collection.
C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Anthropol, E Lansing, MI 48910 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Megyesi, MS (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Anthropol, 354 Baker Hall, E Lansing, MI 48910 USA.
EM megyesim@msu.edu
NR 22
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 3
U2 9
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0002-9483
J9 AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL
JI Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 131
IS 3
BP 363
EP 367
DI 10.1002/ajpa.20446
PG 5
WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 094MK
UT WOS:000241243300007
PM 16617435
ER
PT J
AU Kilpatrick, AM
Daszak, P
Kramer, L
Marra, PP
Dobson, AP
Hudson, PJ
Dhondt, A
Jones, MJ
Peters, RJ
Newhouse, M
AF Kilpatrick, A. Marm
Daszak, Peter
Kramer, Laura
Marra, Peter P.
Dobson, Andrew P.
Hudson, Peter J.
Dhondt, Andre
Jones, Matthew J.
Peters, Ryan J.
Newhouse, Michael
TI Predicting the transmission of West Nile virus
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 Consortium Conservat Med, New York, NY 16802 USA.
New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA.
Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 22030 USA.
Penn State Univ, Univ Pk, University Pk, PA USA.
Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA.
George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA USA.
Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY USA.
NR 0
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 6
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 75
IS 5
SU S
MA 477
BP 139
EP 139
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 109XW
UT WOS:000242343900478
ER
PT J
AU Mathis, WN
Castro, BA
Way, MO
Zatwarnicki, T
AF Mathis, Wayne N.
Castro, Boris A.
Way, Michael O.
Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz
TI Discovery of the South American rice miner (Diptera : Ephydridae) in
southeastern United States
SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE shore flies; Hydrellia wirthi Korytkowski; invasive species
ID LEAF-MINER
AB The South American rice miner, Hydrellia wirthi Korytkowski (Diptera: Ephydridae), a recently discovered, invasive pest of rice, Oryza sativa L., is reported from southeastern United States (Louisiana and Texas). A detailed description and diagnosis with illustrations and photographs are provided to facilitate identification, along with descriptions of its damage as a miner in rice whorls, stems, and leaves. The localities where this invasive species has been found in Louisiana and Texas are provided.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Mathis, WN (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, NHB 169,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM mathis@si.edu; zatwar@uni.opole.pl
OI Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz/0000-0003-2163-0143
NR 19
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMERICA
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0013-8746
J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM
JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 99
IS 6
BP 999
EP 1005
DI 10.1603/0013-8746(2006)99[999:DOTSAR]2.0.CO;2
PG 7
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 105ME
UT WOS:000242033400002
ER
PT J
AU Trinidad, MA
Curiel, S
Torrelles, JM
Rodriguez, LF
Migenes, V
Patel, N
AF Trinidad, Miguel A.
Curiel, Salvador
Torrelles, Jose M.
Rodriguez, Luis F.
Migenes, Victor
Patel, Nimesh
TI Interferometric observations toward the high-mass young stellar object
IRAS 23139+5939: Radio continuum and water maser emission
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM : individual (IRAS 23139+5939); ISM : jets and outflows; masers;
stars : formation
ID 1.3 CM CONTINUUM; CEPHEUS-A HW2; H2O MASER; MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS; IRAS
20126+4104; PROTOSTELLAR CANDIDATES; VLBA OBSERVATIONS; PROPER MOTIONS;
JET; DISK
AB We present simultaneous interferometric observations of continuum (3.5 and 1.3 cm) and water maser line emission (1.3 cm) carried out with the A configuration of the Very Large Array (VLA) toward the high-mass object IRAS 23139+5939. We detected two radio continuum sources at 3.5 cm separated by similar to 0"5 (similar to 2400 AU), I23139 and I23139S, the latter being a new detection. I23139 is also detected at 1.3 cm. We also detected a cluster of water masers toward these two VLA sources, obtaining an accuracy of the order of similar to 10 mas in the relative positions between the radio continuum emission and the H(2)O masers. In addition, based on the observed continuum flux density and the spectral index, we suggest that I23139 is a thermal radio jet associated with a high-mass young stellar object. This jet appears to be the best candidate for the driving source of the more spatially extended molecular outflow observed in the region. On the other hand, based on the spatiokinematical distribution of the water masers, together with the continuum emission information, we speculate that I23139S is also a jet source powering some of the masers detected in the region.
C1 Univ Guanajuato, Dept Astron, Guanajuato 36240, Mexico.
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Astron Inst, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
Univ Barcelona, Inst Ciencias Espacio, CSIC, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Univ Barcelona, Inst Estudis Espacials Catalunya, Fac Fis, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Trinidad, MA (reprint author), Univ Guanajuato, Dept Astron, Apartado Postal 144, Guanajuato 36240, Mexico.
RI Migenes, Victor/F-3157-2015;
OI Migenes, Victor/0000-0002-7990-2191; Torrelles, Jose
Maria/0000-0002-6896-6085
NR 38
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 132
IS 5
BP 1918
EP 1922
DI 10.1086/507127
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 104GI
UT WOS:000241945500016
ER
PT J
AU Young, CH
Bourke, TL
Young, KE
Evans, NJ
Jorgensen, JK
Shirley, YL
Van Dishoeck, EF
Hogerheijde, M
AF Young, Chadwick H.
Bourke, Tyler L.
Young, Kaisa E.
Evans, Neal J., II
Jorgensen, Jes K.
Shirley, Yancy L.
Van Dishoeck, Ewine F.
Hogerheijde, Michiel
TI Submillimeter common-user bolometer array mapping of Spitzer c2d small
clouds and cores
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE stars : formation; stars : low-mass; brown dwarfs; stars :
pre-main-sequence
ID MASS STAR-FORMATION; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; DARK CLOUDS; DENSE CORES;
CONTINUUM EMISSION; INITIAL CONDITIONS; ASSOCIATION; SCUBA; DISTANCE;
PERSEUS
AB We present submillimeter observations of dark clouds that are part of the Spitzer Legacy program "From Molecular Cores to Planet-Forming Disks'' (c2d). We used the Submillimeter Common-User Bolometer Array to map the regions observed by Spitzer with the c2d program to create a census of dense molecular cores including data from the infrared to the submillimeter. In this paper we present the basic data from these observations: maps, fluxes, and source attributes. We also show data for an object just outside the Perseus cloud that was serendipitously observed in our program. We propose that this object is a newly discovered evolved protostar.
C1 Nicholls State Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Thibodaux, LA 70301 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Nicholls State Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Thibodaux, LA 70301 USA.
Univ Texas, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.
RP Young, CH (reprint author), Nicholls State Univ, Dept Phys Sci, POB 2022, Thibodaux, LA 70301 USA.
NR 39
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 1
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 132
IS 5
BP 1998
EP 2013
DI 10.1086/507334
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 104GI
UT WOS:000241945500026
ER
PT J
AU Blum, RD
Mould, JR
Olsen, KA
Frogel, JA
Werner, M
Meixner, M
Markwick-Kemper, F
Indebetouw, R
Whitney, B
Meade, M
Babler, B
Churchwell, EB
Gordon, K
Engelbracht, C
For, BQ
Misselt, K
Vijh, U
Leitherer, C
Volk, K
Points, S
Reach, W
Hora, JL
Bernard, JP
Boulanger, F
Bracker, S
Cohen, M
Fukui, Y
Gallagher, J
Gorjian, V
Harris, J
Kelly, D
Kawamura, A
Latter, WB
Madden, S
Mizuno, A
Mizuno, N
Nota, A
Oey, MS
Onishi, T
Paladini, R
Panagia, N
Perez-Gonzalez, P
Shibai, H
Sato, S
Smith, L
Staveley-Smith, L
Tielens, AGGM
Ueta, T
Van Dyk, S
Zaritsky, D
AF Blum, R. D.
Mould, J. R.
Olsen, K. A.
Frogel, J. A.
Werner, M.
Meixner, M.
Markwick-Kemper, F.
Indebetouw, R.
Whitney, B.
Meade, M.
Babler, B.
Churchwell, E. B.
Gordon, K.
Engelbracht, C.
For, B. -Q.
Misselt, K.
Vijh, U.
Leitherer, C.
Volk, K.
Points, S.
Reach, W.
Hora, J. L.
Bernard, J. -P.
Boulanger, F.
Bracker, S.
Cohen, M.
Fukui, Y.
Gallagher, J.
Gorjian, V.
Harris, J.
Kelly, D.
Kawamura, A.
Latter, W. B.
Madden, S.
Mizuno, A.
Mizuno, N.
Nota, A.
Oey, M. S.
Onishi, T.
Paladini, R.
Panagia, N.
Perez-Gonzalez, P.
Shibai, H.
Sato, S.
Smith, L.
Staveley-Smith, L.
Tielens, A. G. G. M.
Ueta, T.
Van Dyk, S.
Zaritsky, D.
TI Spitzer sage survey of the large magellanic cloud. II. Evolved stars and
infrared color-magnitude diagrams
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE infrared : stars; Magellanic Clouds; stars : AGB and post-AGB; stars :
carbon; stars : mass loss
ID LONG-PERIOD VARIABLES; MASS-LOSS RATES; SPACE-TELESCOPE; CARBON STARS;
FORMATION HISTORY; RED SUPERGIANTS; GALACTIC PLANE; SOUTHERN SKY; ARRAY
CAMERA; AGB STARS
AB Color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) are presented for the Spitzer SAGE (Surveying the Agents of a Galaxy's Evolution) survey of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). IRAC and MIPS 24 mu m epoch 1 data are presented. These data represent the deepest, widest mid-infrared CMDs of their kind ever produced in the LMC. Combined with the Two Micron All Sky Survey, the diagrams are used to delineate the evolved stellar populations in the LMC, as well as Galactic foreground and extragalactic background populations. Some 32,000 evolved stars brighter than the tip of the red giant branch are identified. Of these, approximately 17,500 are classified as oxygen-rich, 7000 as carbon-rich, and another 1200 as "extreme'' asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. Brighter members of the latter group have been called "obscured'' AGB stars in the literature owing to their dusty circumstellar envelopes. A large number (1200) of luminous oxygen-rich AGB stars/M supergiants are also identified. Finally, there is strong evidence from the 24 mu m MIPS channel that previously unexplored, lower luminosity oxygen-rich AGB stars contribute significantly to the mass-loss budget of the LMC (1200 such sources are identified).
C1 Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, La Serena, Chile.
Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA.
Assoc Univ Res Astron Inc, Washington, DC 20005 USA.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA.
Space Sci Inst, Madison, WI 53716 USA.
Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
Gemini Observ, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
CNRS, Ctr Etud Spatiale Rayonnements, F-31028 Toulouse, France.
Univ Paris 11, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, F-91405 Orsay, France.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Radio Astron Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Nagoya Univ, Dept Astrophys, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan.
CALTECH, NASA, Herschel Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England.
CSIRO, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia.
Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands.
Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA.
RP Blum, RD (reprint author), Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile.
RI Staveley-Smith, Lister/A-1683-2011; Kemper, Francisca/D-8688-2011;
Perez-Gonzalez, Pablo/J-2871-2016;
OI Staveley-Smith, Lister/0000-0002-8057-0294; Kemper,
Francisca/0000-0003-2743-8240; Perez-Gonzalez,
Pablo/0000-0003-4528-5639; Babler, Brian/0000-0002-6984-5752; Hora,
Joseph/0000-0002-5599-4650; Reach, William/0000-0001-8362-4094; Van Dyk,
Schuyler/0000-0001-9038-9950
NR 48
TC 133
Z9 133
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 132
IS 5
BP 2034
EP 2045
DI 10.1086/508227
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 104GI
UT WOS:000241945500029
ER
PT J
AU Willner, SP
Coil, AL
Goss, WM
Ashby, MLN
Barmby, P
Huang, JS
Ivison, R
Koo, DC
Egami, E
Miyazaki, S
AF Willner, S. P.
Coil, A. L.
Goss, W. M.
Ashby, M. L. N.
Barmby, P.
Huang, J. -S.
Ivison, R.
Koo, D. C.
Egami, E.
Miyazaki, Satoshi
TI Mid-infrared identification of 6 cm radio-source counterparts in the
extended Groth Strip
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : active; galaxies : general; galaxies : high-redshift;
infrared : galaxies radio; continuum : galaxies
ID SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; FRANCE REDSHIFT SURVEY;
INFRARED ARRAY CAMERA; HUBBLE DEEP FIELD; X-RAY SOURCES; SOURCE
POPULATION; GALAXIES; SAMPLE; SPECTROSCOPY
AB A new 6 cm survey of almost 0.6 deg(2) to a limit of 0.55 mJy beam(-1) (10 sigma) finds 37 isolated radio sources and seven radio-source pairs (not necessarily physical companions). Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) counterparts are identified for at least 92% of the radio sources within the area of deep IRAC coverage, which includes 31 isolated sources and six pairs. This contrasts with an identification rate of < 74% to R < 23.95 in visible light. Eight of the IRAC galaxies have power-law spectral energy distributions, implying that the mid-infrared emission comes from a powerful active galactic nucleus (AGN). The remaining 26 IRAC galaxies show stellar emission in the mid-infrared, probably in most of these galaxies because the stellar emission is bright enough to outshine an underlying AGN. The infrared colors suggest that the majority of these galaxies are bulge-dominated and have redshifts 0.5 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 1. Visible spectra from the DEEP2 Redshift Survey, available for 11 galaxies, are consistent with this suggestion. The IRAC galaxies fall into two distinct groups in a color-magnitude diagram. One group (the "stripe'') includes all the AGNs. The other group (the "blue clump'') has blue 3.6-8 mu m colors and a small range of 8 mu m magnitudes. This separation should be useful in classifying galaxies found in other radio surveys.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
Royal Observ, Astron Technol Ctr, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland.
Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland.
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Univ Calif Observ, Lick Observ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Natl Astron Observ, Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RP Willner, SP (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Barmby, Pauline/I-7194-2016; Ivison, R./G-4450-2011
OI Barmby, Pauline/0000-0003-2767-0090; Ivison, R./0000-0001-5118-1313
NR 42
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 132
IS 5
BP 2159
EP 2170
DI 10.1086/508202
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 104GI
UT WOS:000241945500038
ER
PT J
AU Harris, WE
Harris, GLH
Barmby, P
McLaughlin, DE
Forbes, DA
AF Harris, William E.
Harris, Gretchen L. H.
Barmby, Pauline
McLaughlin, Dean E.
Forbes, Duncan A.
TI Structural parameters for globular clusters in NGC 5128. II. Hubble
Space Telescope ACS imaging and new clusters
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies : individual (NGC
5128); galaxies : star clusters
ID FIELD WASHINGTON PHOTOMETRY; ULTRACOMPACT DWARF GALAXIES; FUNDAMENTAL
PLANE; VIRGO-CLUSTER; STAR-CLUSTERS; MILKY-WAY; NGC 5128; SYSTEM;
POPULATION; HALO
AB We report the first results from an imaging program with the ACS on the Hubble Space Telescope designed to measure the structural characteristics of a wide range of globular clusters in NGC 5128, the nearest giant elliptical galaxy. From 12 ACS WFC fields we have measured a total of 62 previously known globular clusters and have discovered 69 new high-probability cluster candidates not found in any previous work. We present magnitudes and color indices for all of these, along with rough measurements of their effective diameters and ellipticities. The luminosity distribution of this nearly uncontaminated sample of clusters matches well with the normal globular cluster luminosity function for giant elliptical galaxies, and the cluster scale size and ellipticity distributions are similar to those in the Milky Way system. The indication from this survey is that many hundreds of individual clusters remain to be found with carefully designed search techniques in the future. A very rough estimate of the total cluster population from our data suggests N(GC) similar or equal to 1500 in NGC 5128 over all magnitudes and within a projected radius R = 25' from the galaxy center.
C1 McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia.
RP Harris, WE (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Hamilton, ON L8S 4M1, Canada.
EM harris@physics.mcmaster.ca; glharris@astro.uwaterloo.ca;
pbarmby@cfa.harvard.edu; dean.mclaughlin@astro.le.ac.uk;
dforbes@astro.swin.edu.au
RI Barmby, Pauline/I-7194-2016
OI Barmby, Pauline/0000-0003-2767-0090
NR 27
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 132
IS 5
BP 2187
EP 2197
DI 10.1086/507579
PG 11
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 104GI
UT WOS:000241945500040
ER
PT J
AU Mamajek, EE
AF Mamajek, Eric E.
TI A new nearby candidate star cluster in ophiuchus at d similar or equal
to 170 pc
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE open clusters and associations : general
ID ETA-CHAMAELEONTIS CLUSTER; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; YOUNG OPEN CLUSTER;
RADIAL-VELOCITIES; PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEMS; TYCHO-2 CATALOG; HIPPARCOS DATA;
TAURI STARS; SOLAR; ASSOCIATION
AB The recent discoveries of nearby star clusters and associations within a few hundred pc of the Sun, as well as the order of magnitude difference in the formation rates of the embedded and open cluster populations, suggests that additional poor stellar groups are likely to be found at surprisingly close distances to the Sun. Here I describe a new nearby stellar aggregate found by virtue of the parallel proper motions, similar trigonometric parallaxes, and consistent color-magnitude distribution of its early-type members. The 120 Myr old group lies in Ophiuchus at d similar or equal to 170 pc, with its most massive member being the 4th magnitude post-main-sequence B8 II-III star mu Oph. The group may have escaped previous notice due to its nonnegligible extinction (A(V) similar or equal to 0.9 mag). If the group was born with a normal initial mass function, and the nine B- and A-type systems represent a complete system of intermediate-mass stars, then the original population was probably of order similar to 200 systems. The age and space motion of the new cluster are very similar to those of the Pleiades, the alpha Per cluster, and the AB Dor moving group, suggesting that these aggregates may have formed in the same star-forming complex some similar to 10(8) yr ago.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Mamajek, EE (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS-42, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 76
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 132
IS 5
BP 2198
EP 2205
DI 10.1086/508205
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 104GI
UT WOS:000241945500041
ER
PT J
AU Benedict, GF
McArthur, BE
Gatewood, G
Nelan, E
Cochran, WD
Hatzes, A
Endl, M
Wittenmyer, R
Baliunas, SL
Walker, GAH
Yang, S
Kurster, M
Els, S
Paulson, DB
AF Benedict, G. Fritz
McArthur, Barbara E.
Gatewood, George
Nelan, Edmund
Cochran, William D.
Hatzes, Artie
Endl, Michael
Wittenmyer, Robert
Baliunas, Sallie L.
Walker, Gordon A. H.
Yang, Stephenson
Kuerster, Martin
Els, Sebastian
Paulson, Diane B.
TI The extrasolar planet is an element of Eridani b: Orbit and mass
SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE astrometry; stars : distances; stars : individual (is an element of
Eridani b); stars : late-type; techniques : interferometric; techniques
: radial velocities
ID HOBBY-EBERLY TELESCOPE; GUIDANCE SENSOR 3; VEGA-LIKE STARS;
EPSILON-ERIDANI; GIANT PLANETS; CHROMOSPHERIC EMISSION; ROBUST
ESTIMATION; MAIN-SEQUENCE; LIGHT CURVES; AGE RELATION
AB Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations of the nearby (3.22 pc) K2 V star epsilon Eridani have been combined with ground-based astrometric and radial velocity data to determine the mass of its known companion. We model the astrometric and radial velocity measurements simultaneously to obtain the parallax, proper motion, perturbation period, perturbation inclination, and perturbation size. Because of the long period of the companion, epsilon Eri b, we extend our astrometric coverage to a total of 14.94 yr (including the 3 yr span of the HST data) by including lower precision ground-based astrometry from the Allegheny Multichannel Astrometric Photometer. Radial velocities now span 1980.8-2006.3. We obtain a perturbation period, P = 6.85 +/- 0.03 yr, semimajor axis alpha = 1.88 +/- 0.20 mas, and inclination i = 30 degrees.1 +/- 3 degrees.8. This inclination is consistent with a previously measured dust disk inclination, suggesting coplanarity. Assuming a primary mass M-* = 0.83 M-circle dot, we obtain a companion mass M = 1.55M(J) +/- 0.24M(J). Given the relatively young age of epsilon Eri (similar to 800 Myr), this accurate exoplanet mass and orbit can usefully inform future direct-imaging attempts. We predict the next periastron at 2007.3 with a total separation rho = 0".3 at position angle P.A = -27 degrees. Orbit orientation and geometry dictate that epsilon Eri b will appear brightest in reflected light very nearly at periastron. Radial velocities spanning over 25 yr indicate an acceleration consistent with a Jupiter-mass object with a period in excess of 50 yr, possibly responsible for one feature of the dust morphology, the inner cavity.
C1 Univ Texas, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
Univ Pittsburgh, Allegheny Observ, Pittsburgh, PA 15214 USA.
Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
Tautenburg Observ, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada.
Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, La Serena, Chile.
NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
RP Benedict, GF (reprint author), Univ Texas, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
NR 65
TC 91
Z9 91
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-6256
J9 ASTRON J
JI Astron. J.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 132
IS 5
BP 2206
EP 2218
DI 10.1086/508323
PG 13
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 104GI
UT WOS:000241945500042
ER
PT J
AU Brunken, S
McCarthy, MC
Thaddeus, P
Godfrey, PD
Brown, RD
AF Brunken, S.
McCarthy, M. C.
Thaddeus, P.
Godfrey, P. D.
Brown, R. D.
TI Improved line frequencies for the nucleic acid base uracil for a
radioastronomical search
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM : molecules; line : identification; molecular data; astrochemistry;
ISM : lines and bands; radio lines : ISM
ID INTERSTELLAR GLYCOLALDEHYDE; CARBONACEOUS METEORITES; RIGOROUS ATTEMPT;
SPECTROSCOPY; MOLECULES; NITROGEN; SPECTRA; SUGAR; MECHANISMS; GLYCINE
AB Aims. We report new laboratory spectroscopic data on the rotational spectrum of the pyrimidine nucleic acid base uracil (C4H4N2O2). The dataset has been extended both into the microwave region and towards mm-wavelengths with the aim of providing accurate transition rest frequencies for astrophysical searches.
Methods. The microwave measurements have been performed with a molecular beam Fourier transform microwave spectrometer in the frequency range from 9-19 GHz and the mm-wave band transitions have been recorded with a Stark-modulated free jet spectrometer up to 100 GHz. The global dataset has been analysed with a standard S-reduced Hamiltonian and precise spectroscopic parameters up to quartic order have been obtained. The hyperfine structure due to the two N-14 nuclei has been resolved in the microwave measurements and the nuclear quadrupole coupling constants could be derived to high accuracy.
Results. Based on the new laboratory data and analysis, highly precise rotational transition rest frequencies are available for astrophysical important lines of uracil up to 300 GHz.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Monash Univ, Sch Chem, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.
RP Brunken, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RI Brunken, Sandra/B-1880-2010;
OI Brunken, Sandra/0000-0001-7175-4828; McCarthy,
Michael/0000-0001-9142-0008
NR 40
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 2
U2 5
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 459
IS 1
BP 317
EP 320
DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20065777
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 102CT
UT WOS:000241789100036
ER
PT J
AU Fish, VL
Reid, MJ
Menten, KM
Pillai, T
AF Fish, V. L.
Reid, M. J.
Menten, K. M.
Pillai, T.
TI Enhanced density and magnetic fields in interstellar OH masers
SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE masers; stars : formation; ISM : magnetic fields; radio lines : ISM; HII
regions; ISM : molecules
ID STAR-FORMING-REGIONS; H-II REGIONS; FULL-POLARIZATION OBSERVATIONS;
HIGHLY EXCITED OH; HYDROXYL MASERS; GEOMETRIC DISTANCE; PROPER MOTIONS;
LINE EMISSION; VLBI MAPS; 6.035 GHZ
AB Aims. We have observed the 6030 and 6035 MHz transitions of OH in high-mass star-forming regions to obtain magnetic field estimates in both maser emission and absorption.
Methods. Observations were taken with the Effelsberg 100 m telescope.
Results. Our observations are consistent with previous results, although we do detect a new 6030 MHz maser feature near -70 km s(-1) in the vicinity of W3(OH). In absorption we obtain a possible estimate of -1.1 +/- 0.3 mG for the average line-of-sight component of the magnetic field in the absorbing OH gas in K3-50 and submilligauss upper limits for the line-of-sight field strength in DR 21 and W3.
Conclusions. These results indicate that the magnetic field strength in the vicinity of OH masers is higher than that of the surrounding, non-masing material, which in turn suggests that the density of masing OH regions is higher than that of their surroundings.
C1 Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
RP Fish, VL (reprint author), Natl Radio Astron Observ, POB O,1003 Lopezville Rd, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
EM vfish@nrao.edu
NR 67
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 0
PU EDP SCIENCES S A
PI LES ULIS CEDEX A
PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A,
FRANCE
SN 0004-6361
J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS
JI Astron. Astrophys.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 458
IS 2
BP 485
EP U14
DI 10.1051/0004-6361:20065379
PG 16
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 093IO
UT WOS:000241162200019
ER
PT J
AU Wagg, J
Wilner, DJ
Neri, R
Downes, D
Wiklind, T
AF Wagg, J.
Wilner, D. J.
Neri, R.
Downes, D.
Wiklind, T.
TI Atomic carbon in APM 08279+5255 at z=3.91
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE galaxies : active; galaxies : high-redshift; galaxies : ISM; quasars :
emission lines; quasars : individual (APM 08279+5255)
ID ABSORPTION-LINE QUASAR; ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; APM 08279+5255;
MOLECULAR GAS; IRAS 10214+4724; HIGH-REDSHIFT; C-I; EMISSION; WATER;
SPECTROSCOPY
AB We present a detection of [CI] P-3(1)-P-3(0) emission in the lensed quasar APM 08279+5255 at z = 3.91 using the IRAM Plateau de Bure interferometer. The [CI] line velocity and width are similar to the values of previously detected high-J CO and HCN lines in this source, suggesting that the emission from all of these species arises from the same region. The apparent luminosity of the [CI] line is L'(CI) (3.1 +/- 0.4) x 10(10) K km s(-1) pc(2), which implies a neutral carbon mass M-CI (4.4 +/- 0.6)m(-1) x 10(7) M-circle dot, where m is the lensing magnification factor. The [CI] line luminosity is consistent with the large molecular gas mass inferred from the nuclear CO line luminosity (similar to 10(11)m(-1) M-circle dot). We also present an upper limit on the H2O 1(10)-1(01) line luminosity in APM 08279+5255 of L'(H2O) < 1.8 x 10(10) K km s(-1) pc(2) (3 sigma).
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
INAOE, Puebla, Mexico.
Inst Radio Astron Millimetr, F-38406 St Martin Dheres, France.
Space Telescope Sci Inst, ESA, Space Telescope Div, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
RP Wagg, J (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 38
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 1
PY 2006
VL 651
IS 1
BP 46
EP 50
DI 10.1086/507677
PN 1
PG 5
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 102PK
UT WOS:000241824300006
ER
PT J
AU Weedman, DW
Soifer, BT
Hao, L
Higdon, JL
Higdon, SJU
Houck, JR
Le Floc'h, E
Brown, MJI
Dey, A
Jannuzi, BT
Rieke, M
Desai, V
Bian, C
Thompson, D
Armus, L
Teplitz, H
Eisenhardt, P
Willner, SP
AF Weedman, D. W.
Soifer, B. T.
Hao, Lei
Higdon, J. L.
Higdon, S. J. U.
Houck, J. R.
Le Floc'h, E.
Brown, M. J. I.
Dey, A.
Jannuzi, B. T.
Rieke, M.
Desai, V.
Bian, C.
Thompson, D.
Armus, L.
Teplitz, H.
Eisenhardt, P.
Willner, S. P.
TI Spitzer IRS spectra of optically faint infrared sources with weak
spectral features
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE dust, extinction; galaxies : active; galaxies : high-redshift; galaxies
: starburst; infrared : galaxies
ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; ARRAY CAMERA IRAC; SPACE-TELESCOPE; MIDINFRARED
SPECTRA; SPECTROGRAPH IRS; GALAXIES; DUST; EMISSION; MARKARIAN-231;
ULTRAVIOLET
AB Spectra have been obtained with the low-resolution modules of the Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) on the Spitzer Space Telescope (Spitzer) for 58 sources having f(v)(24 mu m) > 0.75 mJy. Sources were chosen from a survey of 8.2 deg(2) within the NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey region in Bootes (NDWFS) using the Multiband Imaging Photometer (MIPS) on Spitzer. Most sources are optically very faint (I > 24 mag). Redshifts have previously been determined for 34 sources, based primarily on the presence of a deep 9.7 mu m silicate absorption feature, with a median z of 2.2. Spectra are presented for the remaining 24 sources for which we were previously unable to determine a confident redshift because the IRS spectra show no strong features. Optical photometry from the NDWFS and infrared photometry with MIPS and the Infrared Array Camera on Spitzer (IRAC) are given, with K photometry from the Keck I telescope for some objects. The sources without strong spectral features have overall spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and distributions among optical and infrared fluxes that are similar to those for the sources with strong absorption features. Nine of the 24 sources are found to have feasible redshift determinations based on fits of a weak silicate absorption feature. Results confirm that the "1 mJy" population of 24 mu m Spitzer sources that are optically faint is dominated by dusty sources with spectroscopic indicators of an obscured AGN rather than a star-burst. There remain 14 of the 58 sources observed in Bootes for which no redshift could be estimated, and 5 of these sources are invisible at all optical wavelengths.
C1 Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA.
Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Weedman, DW (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM dweedman@astro.cornell.edu
RI Brown, Michael/B-1181-2015
OI Brown, Michael/0000-0002-1207-9137
NR 29
TC 69
Z9 69
U1 0
U2 2
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 1
PY 2006
VL 651
IS 1
BP 101
EP 112
DI 10.1086/507322
PN 1
PG 12
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 102PK
UT WOS:000241824300011
ER
PT J
AU Giampapa, MS
Hall, JC
Radick, RR
Baliunas, SL
AF Giampapa, Mark S.
Hall, Jeffrey C.
Radick, Richard R.
Baliunas, Sallie L.
TI A survey of chromospheric activity in the solar-type stars in the open
cluster M67
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE open clusters and associations : individual (M67, NGC 2682); stars :
activity; stars : chromospheres; Sun : activity
ID MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; MAUNDER MINIMUM; LUMINOSITY VARIATION; EARTHS
CLIMATE; VARIABILITY; SUN; IRRADIANCE; EMISSION; HYADES; CYCLE
AB We present the results of a spectroscopic survey of the Ca II H and K core strengths in a sample of 60 solar-type stars that are members of the solar-age and solar-metallicity open cluster M67. We adopt the HK index, defined as the summed H+K core strengths in 1 angstrom bandpasses centered on the H and K lines, respectively, as a measure of the chromospheric activity that is present. We compare the distribution of mean HK index values for the M67 solar-type stars with the variation of this index as measured for the Sun during the contemporary solar cycle. We find that the stellar distribution in our HK index is broader than that for the solar cycle. Approximately 17% of the M67 Sun-like stars exhibit average HK indices that are less than solar minimum. About 7%-12% are characterized by relatively high activity in excess of solar maximum values, while 72%-80% of the solar analogs exhibit Ca II H+K strengths within the range of the modern solar cycle. The ranges given reflect uncertainties in the most representative value of the maximum in the HK index to adopt for the solar cycle variations observed during the period AD 1976-2004. Thus, similar to 20%-30% of our homogeneous sample of Sun-like stars have mean chromospheric H+K strengths that are outside the range of the contemporary solar cycle. Any cycle-like variability that is present in the M67 solar-type stars appears to be characterized by periods greater than similar to 6 yr. Finally, we estimate a mean chromospheric age for M67 in the range of 3.8-4.3 Gyr.
C1 Natl Opt Astron Observ, Natl Solar Observ, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA.
Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
USAF, Res Lab, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Giampapa, MS (reprint author), Natl Opt Astron Observ, Natl Solar Observ, 950 N Cherry Ave,POB 26732, Tucson, AZ 85726 USA.
EM giampapa@noao.edu; jch@lowell.edu; radick@nso.edu;
baliunas@cfa.harvard.edu
NR 60
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 3
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 1
PY 2006
VL 651
IS 1
BP 444
EP 461
DI 10.1086/507624
PN 1
PG 18
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 102PK
UT WOS:000241824300039
ER
PT J
AU Patten, BM
Stauffer, JR
Burrows, A
Marengo, M
Hora, JL
Luhman, KL
Sonnett, SM
Henry, TJ
Raghavan, D
Megeath, ST
Liebert, J
Fazio, GG
AF Patten, Brian M.
Stauffer, John R.
Burrows, Adam
Marengo, Massimo
Hora, Joseph L.
Luhman, Kevin L.
Sonnett, Sarah M.
Henry, Todd J.
Raghavan, Deepak
Megeath, S. Thomas
Liebert, James
Fazio, Giovanni G.
TI Spitzer IRAC photometry of M, L, and T dwarfs
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE infrared : stars; stars : fundamental parameters; stars : late-type;
stars : low-mass, brown dwarfs
ID LOW-MASS STARS; INFRARED ARRAY CAMERA; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; EXTRASOLAR
GIANT PLANETS; TIME-SERIES OBSERVATIONS; BRIGHT ULTRACOOL DWARFS;
HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTRA; BINARY L-DWARF; BROWN DWARF; SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD
AB We present the results of a program to acquire photometry for 86 late M, L, and T dwarfs using the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) on the Spitzer Space Telescope. We examine the behavior of these cool dwarfs in various color-color and color-magnitude diagrams composed of near-IR and IRAC data. The T dwarfs exhibit the most distinctive positions in these diagrams. In M-5.8 versus [5.8]-[8.0], the IRAC data for T dwarfs are not monotonic in either magnitude or color, giving the clearest indication yet that the T dwarfs are not a one-parameter family in T-eff. Because metallicity does not vary enough in the solar neighborhood to act as the second parameter, the most likely candidate then is gravity, which in turn translates to mass. Among objects with similar spectral type, the range of mass suggested by our sample is about a factor of 5 (similar to 70M(J) to similar to 15M(J)), with the less massive objects making up the younger members of the sample. We also find the IRAC 4.5 mu m fluxes to be lower than expected, from which we infer a strongerCO fundamental band at similar to 4.67 mu m. This suggests that equilibrium CH4/ CO chemistry underestimates the abundance of CO in T dwarf atmospheres, confirming earlier results based on M-band observations from the ground. In combining IRAC photometry with near-IR JHK photometry and parallax data, we find the combination of Ks, IRAC 3.6 mu m, and 4.5 mu m bands to provide the best color-color discrimination for a wide range of M, L, and T dwarfs. Also noteworthy is the M-Ks versus K-s-[4.5] relation, which shows a smooth progression over spectral type, and splits the M, L, and T types cleanly.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
Coll Charleston, Dept Phys & Astron, Charleston, SC 29424 USA.
Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA.
RP Patten, BM (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
EM bpatten@cfa.harvard.edu
OI Hora, Joseph/0000-0002-5599-4650
NR 96
TC 129
Z9 129
U1 0
U2 4
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 1
PY 2006
VL 651
IS 1
BP 502
EP 516
DI 10.1086/507264
PN 1
PG 15
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 102PK
UT WOS:000241824300044
ER
PT J
AU Lee, JY
Raymond, JC
Ko, YK
Kim, KS
AF Lee, J-Y
Raymond, J. C.
Ko, Y. -K.
Kim, K. -S.
TI Three-dimensional structure of the 2002 April 21 Coronal Mass Ejection
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Sun : activity; Sun : corona; Sun : coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun :
UV radiation
ID FLARE SUPRA-ARCADE; CURRENT SHEET; SOLAR-FLARE; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION;
ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTRA; EVOLUTION; RHESSI
AB A three-dimensional reconstruction of the 2002 April 21 partial halo Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) has been made based on the O VI 1032 angstrom and [Fe XVIII] 974 8 lines observed by the Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO). We use the Doppler velocities to derive the CME structure along the line of sight. UVCS observed the O VI line profiles split into strongly Doppler red-and blueshifted components, and the region of split profiles grew rapidly along the long spectrograph slit. The more localized [Fe XVIII] bright emission starts at the same time as the maximum Doppler redshift of O VI, indicating that it is inside the CME. In the view from the solar west, the O VI looks like halo CMEs seen by the Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO). The [Fe XVIII] bright emission appears as a barlike structure seen nearly end-on from the Earth, and side-on from the solar north and from solar west. The reconstructed [Fe XVIII] emission allows two interpretations, as ejection of preexisting hot plasma or as a current sheet. The evidence favors the current sheet interpretation, although we cannot rule out the alternatives.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Yongin 449701, Gyeonggi, South Korea.
RP Lee, JY (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 32
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 5
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 1
PY 2006
VL 651
IS 1
BP 566
EP 575
DI 10.1086/506981
PN 1
PG 10
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 102PK
UT WOS:000241824300049
ER
PT J
AU Carpenter, JM
Mamajek, EE
Hillenbrand, LA
Meyer, MR
AF Carpenter, John M.
Mamajek, Eric E.
Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
Meyer, Michael R.
TI Evidence for mass-dependent circumstellar disk evolution in the 5 Myr
old Upper Scorpius OB association
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE open clusters and associations : individual (Upper Scorpius OB1);
planetary systems : protoplanetary disks; stars : pre-main-sequence
ID SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; T-TAURI STARS; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; INFRARED
ARRAY CAMERA; DEBRIS DISKS; DUST; POPULATION; ACCRETION; CATALOG;
SYSTEMS
AB We present 4.5, 8, and 16 mu m photometry from the Spitzer Space Telescope for 204 stars in the Upper Scorpius OB association. The data are used to investigate the frequency and properties of circumstellar disks around stars with masses between similar to 0.1 and 20 at an age of similar to 5 Myr. We identify 35 stars that have emission at 8 or 16 mu m in excess of the stellar photosphere. The lower mass stars (similar to 0.1 - 1.2) appear surrounded by primordial optically thick disks based on the excess emission characteristics. Stars more massive than similar to 1.8 M(circle dot) have lower fractional excess luminosities suggesting that the inner similar to 10 AU of the disk has been largely depleted of primordial material. None of the G and F stars (similar to 1.2 - 1.8) in our sample have an infrared excess at wavelengths <= 16 mm. These results indicate that the mechanisms for dispersing primordial optically thick disks operate less efficiently, on average, for low-mass stars, and that longer timescales are available for the buildup of planetary systems in the terrestrial zone for stars with masses <= 1. M(circle dot).
C1 CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Carpenter, JM (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Astron, MC 105-24, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
NR 47
TC 149
Z9 149
U1 0
U2 3
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 1
PY 2006
VL 651
IS 1
BP L49
EP L52
DI 10.1086/509121
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 102PN
UT WOS:000241824700013
ER
PT J
AU O'Donovan, FT
Charbonneau, D
Mandushev, G
Dunham, EW
Latham, DW
Torres, G
Sozzetti, A
Brown, TM
Trauger, JT
Belmonte, JA
Rabus, M
Alemenara, JM
Alonso, R
Deeg, HJ
Esquerdo, GA
Falco, EE
Hillenbrand, LA
Roussanova, A
Stefanik, RP
Winn, JN
AF O'Donovan, Francis T.
Charbonneau, David
Mandushev, Georgi
Dunham, Edward W.
Latham, David W.
Torres, Guillermo
Sozzetti, Alessandro
Brown, Timothy M.
Trauger, John T.
Belmonte, Juan A.
Rabus, Markus
Alemenara, Jose M.
Alonso, Roi
Deeg, Hans J.
Esquerdo, Gilbert A.
Falco, Emilio E.
Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
Roussanova, Anna
Stefanik, Robert P.
Winn, Joshua N.
TI Tres-2: The first transiting planet in the KEPLER field
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE planetary systems; stars : individual (GSC 03549-02811); techniques :
photometric; techniques : radial velocities
ID EXTRASOLAR PLANET; TRANSITING PLANET; STAR TRES-1; SEARCH; SPECTROMETER;
ABSORPTION; ATMOSPHERE; TELESCOPE; PRECISION; SCENARIOS
AB We announce the discovery of the second transiting hot Jupiter discovered by the Trans-atlantic Exoplanet Survey. The planet, which we dub TrES-2, orbits the nearby star GSC 03549-02811 every 2.47063 days. From high-resolution spectra, we determine that the star has and, implying a spectral T-eff = 5960 +/- 100 K and log g = 4.4 +/- 0.2, implying a spectral type of G0 V and a mass of 1.08(-0.05)(+0.11) M-circle dot. High-precision radial velocity measurements confirm a sinusoidal variation with the period and phase predicted by the photometry, and rule out the presence of line bisector variations that would indicate that the spectroscopic orbit is spurious. We estimate a planetary mass of 1.28(-0.04)(+0.09)M(Jup). We model B, r, R, and I photometric time series of the 1.4% deep transits and find a planetary radius of 1.24(-0.06)(+0.09)R(Jup). This planet lies within the field of view of the NASA Kepler mission, ensuring that hundreds of upcoming transits will be monitored with exquisite precision and permitting a host of unprecedented investigations.
C1 CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
Osserv Astron Torino, INAF, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy.
Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope, Goleta, CA 93117 USA.
Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, High Altitude Observ, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
Lab Astrophys Marseille, F-13376 Marseille 12, France.
Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP O'Donovan, FT (reprint author), CALTECH, 1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM ftod@astro.caltech.edu
RI Rabus, Markus/B-8029-2009; Alonso, Roi/D-8799-2014; O'Donovan,
Francis/I-2423-2014;
OI Alonso, Roi/0000-0001-8462-8126; O'Donovan, Francis/0000-0002-4858-6106;
Charbonneau, David/0000-0002-9003-484X
NR 40
TC 129
Z9 129
U1 0
U2 8
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 1
PY 2006
VL 651
IS 1
BP L61
EP L64
DI 10.1086/509123
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 102PN
UT WOS:000241824700016
ER
PT J
AU Slavin, JD
Frisch, PC
AF Slavin, Jonathan D.
Frisch, Priscilla C.
TI Evidence of a high carbon abundance in the local interstellar cloud
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE ISM : abundances; ISM : clouds; ultraviolet : ISM
ID DIELECTRONIC RECOMBINATION COEFFICIENTS; SPECTROSCOPIC-EXPLORER
OBSERVATIONS; CHARGE-TRANSFER; ULTRAVIOLET OBSERVATIONS;
CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; RADIATION-FIELD; DENSITY PLASMAS; GROUND-STATE;
WHITE-DWARFS; C-II
AB The nature of the local interstellar cloud (LIC) is highly constrained by the combination of in situ heliospheric and line-of-sight data toward nearby stars. We present a new interpretation of the LIC components of the absorption-line data toward is an element of CMa, based on recent atomic data that include new rates for the Mg+ to Mg-0 dielectronic recombination rate, and using in situ measurements of the temperature and density of neutral helium inside of the heliosphere. With these data we are able to place interesting limits on the gas-phase abundance of carbon in the LIC. If the C/S abundance ratio is solar, similar to 20, then no simultaneous solution exists for the N(Mg I), N(Mg II), N(C II), and N(C II*) data. The combined column density and in situ data favor an abundance ratio AC/AS = 47(-26)(+22). We find that the most probable gas-phase C abundance is in the range 400-800 ppm with a lower limit of similar to 330. We speculate that such a supersolar abundance could have come to be present in the LIC via destruction of decoupled dust grains. Similar enhanced C/H ratios are seen in very low column density material, N(H) < 10(19) cm(-2), toward several nearby stars.
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Slavin, JD (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
OI Slavin, Jonathan/0000-0002-7597-6935
NR 45
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 4
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0004-637X
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD NOV 1
PY 2006
VL 651
IS 1
BP L37
EP L40
DI 10.1086/508991
PN 2
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 102PN
UT WOS:000241824700010
ER
PT J
AU Ribeiro, PD
Christy, JH
Rissanen, RJ
Kim, TW
AF Ribeiro, Pablo D.
Christy, John H.
Rissanen, Rebecca J.
Kim, Tae Won
TI Males are attracted by their own courtship signals
SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE sensory trap; landmark orientation; sexual selection; hood building; Uca
ID MALE FIDDLER-CRABS; SENSORY TRAP HYPOTHESIS; UCA-PUGILATOR; PREDATION;
ATTRACTIVENESS; MECHANISMS; BEHAVIOR; TRAITS; MUSICA; HOODS
AB Courting male fiddler crabs Uca terpsichores (1 cm carapace width) sometimes build mounds of sand called hoods at the entrances to their burrows. Males wave their single enlarged claws to attract females to their burrows for mating. It was shown previously that burrows with hoods are more attractive to females and that females visually orient to these structures. In this study, we test whether males also use their hoods to find their burrows. We first determined the maximum distance that males can see and find a burrow opening without a hood. Males were removed from their burrows and placed on the sand at a range of distances from a burrow opening. If they were more than about 8 cm (seven units of eye-height) away, they were unable find the burrow. In contrast, males that were burrow residents used a non-visual path map to return to their burrows from much greater distances. To determine if hoods help males find their burrows when there are errors in their path maps, we moved residents 1-49 cm on sliding platforms producing errors equal to the distances they were moved. Males with self-made hoods or hood models at their burrows relocated their burrows at significantly greater distances than did males with unadorned burrows. Hood builders also relocated their burrows faster. Hence, hoods have two functions: they attract females and they provide a visual cue that males use to find their burrows quickly and reliably when their path maps fail.
C1 Univ Mar del Plata, Dept Biol, RA-7600 Mar Del Plata, Argentina.
Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Naos Lab, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.
Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Lab Behav & Ecol, Seoul 151742, South Korea.
RP Ribeiro, PD (reprint author), Univ Mar del Plata, Dept Biol, CC 573 Correo Cent, RA-7600 Mar Del Plata, Argentina.
EM pdribeir@mdp.edu.ar
NR 31
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0340-5443
J9 BEHAV ECOL SOCIOBIOL
JI Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 61
IS 1
BP 81
EP 89
DI 10.1007/s00265-006-0238-5
PG 9
WC Behavioral Sciences; Ecology; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 092NU
UT WOS:000241105100008
ER
PT J
AU Boness, DJ
Bowen, WD
Buhleier, BM
Marshall, GJ
AF Boness, Daryl J.
Bowen, W. Don
Buhleier, Birgit M.
Marshall, Gregory J.
TI Mating tactics and mating system of an aquatic-mating pinniped: the
harbor seal, Phoca vitulina
SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE harbor seals; mating system; lek; radio telemetry; time-depth recorders;
paternity
ID MALE BEARDED SEALS; FEMALE PREFERENCE; GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION; SABLE
ISLAND; FALLOW DEER; MATE CHOICE; GREY SEAL; LEK; SIZE; EVOLUTION
AB Our best understanding of marine mammal mating systems comes from land-mating pinnipeds. Logistical problems of observing behavior at sea have limited our ability to make inferences about species with aquatic-mating systems, which comprise over half the pinnipeds. The mating systems of these species likely involve different mating tactics than land-mating species. We used several methods in combination (e.g., animal-borne cameras, radio telemetry, time-depth recorders, and DNA paternity assessment) to provide a comprehensive study of the aquatic-mating tactics of harbor seal males. Males decreased time offshore (26.0 vs 14.8%) and increased time near shore (33.8 vs 43.7%) between premating and mating periods, respectively. Concomitantly, males reduced foraging effort and increased activities associated with competition for females (e.g., visual/vocal displays and threats). As females come into estrus near the end of lactation and spend more time at sea, males reduced their near-shore ranges (4.2 vs 1.0 km(2)), which were clustered within 1-1.5 km of the beach where females attended their pups. Body mass of males was not a major factor affecting their reproductive behavior. From a small number of paternity assignments to study males, it appears that females select males. These combined results are more consistent with a lek-type mating system than with the territorial or female defense systems characteristic of land-mating pinnipeds.
C1 Natl Geog Soc, Mission Programs, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dept Fisheries & Oceans, Marine Fish Div, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada.
Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Orono, ME USA.
Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Conservat & Res Ctr, Dept Conservat Biol, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
RP Boness, DJ (reprint author), 41 Green Acres Rd, Hartford, ME 04220 USA.
EM boness@megalink.net
RI Bowen, William/D-2758-2012
NR 52
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 5
U2 36
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0340-5443
J9 BEHAV ECOL SOCIOBIOL
JI Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 61
IS 1
BP 119
EP 130
DI 10.1007/s00265-006-0242-9
PG 12
WC Behavioral Sciences; Ecology; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 092NU
UT WOS:000241105100012
ER
PT J
AU Aviles, L
Maddison, WP
Agnarsson, I
AF Aviles, Leticia
Maddison, Wayne P.
Agnarsson, Ingi
TI A new independently derived social spider with explosive colony
proliferation and a female size dimorphism
SO BIOTROPICA
LA English
DT Article
DE dispersal; Ecuador; female size dimorphism; kleptoparasitism;
reproductive skew; predator-prey dynamics; sociality; Theridiid
phylogeny; Theridion nigroannulatum
ID ANELOSIMUS-EXIMIUS ARANEAE; ORB-WEAVING SPIDER; DIVISION-OF-LABOR;
SEX-RATIO; INTERDEMIC SELECTION; COOPERATIVE SPIDER; SPECIES ARANEAE;
COBWEB SPIDERS; PARENTAL CARE; LIFE-HISTORY
AB Permanent cooperative sociality is rare in spiders. Here we describe sociality in a cobweb (Theridiidae) genus with no other known social species. In five areas of eastern Ecuador, we found nests of Theridion nigroannulatum containing from a single to several thousand adults living together in a communal web. Spiders cooperated in prey capture and shared their food. Subadult to young adult sex ratios were highly female biased, suggesting a strongly subdivided population structure as in other permanent-social spiders. Unusual aspects of T. nigroannulatum's biology include the existence of adult females of two discrete sizes, an extreme boom and bust pattern of colony growth, and the presence, within larger colonies, of populations of a predatory spider (Faiditus spp., Argyrodinae) that may play the role of a colony-level parasite. The existence of females of two sizes may be the result of alternative female reproductive strategies, intracolony competition for resources, or an incipient caste system in this species. A redescription and phylogenetic analysis corroborate the placement of this species in Theridion, indicating that sociality has evolved independently in at least three theridiid genera.
C1 Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Aviles, L (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, 3529-6270 Univ Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
EM laviles@zoology.ubc.ca
NR 54
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 12
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3606
J9 BIOTROPICA
JI Biotropica
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 38
IS 6
BP 743
EP 753
DI 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00202.x
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 096XG
UT WOS:000241409500006
ER
PT J
AU Wikramanayake, E
Fernando, P
Leimgruber, P
AF Wikramanayake, Eric
Fernando, Prithiviraj
Leimgruber, Peter
TI Scientists investigate wildlife's possible warning systems
SO BIOTROPICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Asian elephants; elephant movements; sixth sense; Sri Lanka; tsunami
ID COMMUNICATION
AB After the Asian tsunami the media was inundated with reports of aberrant behavior among animals attributed to a "sixth sense" that allowed them to respond to the catastrophe ahead of the impact. We present behavior data from two satellite-collared Asian elephants that ranged close to the tsunami impact area in Sri Lanka. These data indicate that neither elephant behaved in a manner consistent with a "sixth sense" that allowed an early detection of the approaching tsunami.
C1 World Wildlife Fund, Conservat Sci Program, Washington, DC 20037 USA.
Ctr Conservat & Res, Rajagiriya, Sri Lanka.
Natl Zool Pk, Conservat & Res Ctr, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA.
RP Wikramanayake, E (reprint author), World Wildlife Fund, Conservat Sci Program, 1250 24th St,NW, Washington, DC 20037 USA.
EM eric.wikramanayake@wwfus.org
RI Chen, Changxi/H-4152-2011; Fernando, Prithiviraj/I-8238-2012;
Leimgruber, Peter/O-1304-2015
OI Fernando, Prithiviraj/0000-0001-6968-4189; Leimgruber,
Peter/0000-0002-3682-0153
NR 5
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 13
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3606
J9 BIOTROPICA
JI Biotropica
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 38
IS 6
BP 775
EP 777
DI 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00199.x
PG 3
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 096XG
UT WOS:000241409500010
ER
PT J
AU Orrell, TM
Collette, BB
Johnson, GD
AF Orrell, Thomas M.
Collette, Bruce B.
Johnson, G. David
TI Molecular data support separate scombroid and xiphioid clades
SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th International Billfish Symposium
CY OCT 31-NOV 03, 2005
CL Avalon, CA
SP Billfish Fdn, Offield Ctr Billfish Studies, US Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Ocean Conservat Org, Western Pacific Reg Fisheries Management Council
ID CICHLID FISHES; CYTOCHROME-B; EVOLUTION; BIOGEOGRAPHY; PERCIFORMES;
MORPHOLOGY; PHYLOGENY; TELEOSTEI; DNA; MACKERELS
AB Molecular data (single copy nuclear DNA Tmo-4C4 and combined Tmo-4C4 and mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b) lead to the following conclusions about the interrelationships of "scombroid" fishes. In both the single copy nuclear DNA (scnDNA) and combined molecular data sets, billfishes (Xiphioidei) and tunas and mackerels (Scombroidei) are separate clades. In the scnDNA parsimony clade, Pomatomus is basal to other scombroids. Sphyraena is excluded from the scombroids in all analyses, but only in the scnDNA analysis is Gasterochisma the basal scombrid. The subfamilies Gasterochismatinae and Scombrinae and the tribe Scombrini (mackerels) are supported by both data sets, but the tribes Scomberomorini, Sardini, and Thunnini do not have molecular support. Morphological data place Allothunnus at the base of the Thunnini but the molecular data do not support this.
C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Fishes, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Natl Museum Nat Hist, NOAA, NMFS, Systemat Lab, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
RP Orrell, TM (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC-153, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM orrellt@si.edu
NR 34
TC 26
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 4
PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI
PI MIAMI
PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA
SN 0007-4977
J9 B MAR SCI
JI Bull. Mar. Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 79
IS 3
BP 505
EP 519
PG 15
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 130VE
UT WOS:000243826300007
ER
PT J
AU Fu, XH
Nobuyoshi, O
Vencl, FV
Lei, CL
AF Fu, Xinhua
Nobuyoshi, Ohba
Vencl, Fredric V.
Lei, Chaoliang
TI Life cycle and behaviour of the aquatic firefly Luciola leii (Coleoptera
: Lampyridae) from Mainland China
SO CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
ID PHOTINUS-PYRALIS COLEOPTERA; PROXIMATE MECHANISMS; DEFENSIVE STEROIDS;
SEXUAL SELECTION; BIOLUMINESCENCE; LARVAE; LUCIBUFAGINS; MACDERMOTTI;
SUBSTRIATA; COURTSHIP
AB The aquatic larvae of the firefly Luciola leii Fu and Ballantyne occur on the substrate of rice fields and ditches in Hubei Province of central China. The behaviour and ecology of L. leii are described. We recorded L. leii larvae attacking four species of aquatic snails: Lymnaea stagnalis (L.) (Basommatophora: Lymnaeidae), Gyraulus convexiuscullis (Hutton) (Basommatophora: Planorbidae), Radix auricularia (L.) (Lymnaeidae), and Bellamya purificata Heude (Mesogastropoda: Viviparidae). At dusk, flying males produced two types of advertising flashes. One type consisted of a train of 8 rapid, green flashes followed by 2-3 slow, prolonged flashes produced by patrolling males as a long-distance signal. The duration of flashes in the patrolling pattern was 530 ms and the interflash interval was 80 ms. The other type was a short-range signal consisting of a green glow, which was emitted by flying males that had located a female. Once a female had been located, the male landed and switched to a courting pattern. The male courtship pattern consisted of single flashes of about 400 ins duration, delivered every 1.8 s. Females produced single answering flashes of 910 ms duration, with a latency of approximately 630 ms after the male flash. Luciola leii was univoltine. Females oviposited 1 to 7 times (mean = 4.78). Females laid, on average, 187.19 eggs. The eggs hatched at 21.52 days. Eggs became luminescent 4 or 5 days before hatching. The larval stage had six instars. Mature larvae climbed onto land to construct pupal cells at the end of April of the next year. The pupal stage lasted, on average, 4.88 days. The imago lasted 10.13 days. No predators of larvae were observed. The spider Tetragnatha praedonia Koch (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) was frequently observed to capture adult male fireflies in its web.
C1 Huazhong Agr Univ, Inst Insect Resources, Dept Plant Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.
SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
ONBA Firefly Inst, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2390801, Japan.
RP Lei, CL (reprint author), Huazhong Agr Univ, Inst Insect Resources, Dept Plant Sci & Technol, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China.
EM ioir@mail.hzau.edu.cn
NR 35
TC 11
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 9
PU ENTOMOL SOC CANADA
PI OTTAWA
PA 393 WINSTON AVE, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K2A 1Y8, CANADA
SN 0008-347X
J9 CAN ENTOMOL
JI Can. Entomol.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2006
VL 138
IS 6
BP 860
EP 870
PG 11
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 114ZW
UT WOS:000242705200003
ER
PT J
AU Garren, M
Walsh, SM
Caccone, A
Knowlton, N
AF Garren, Melissa
Walsh, Sheila M.
Caccone, Adalgisa
Knowlton, Nancy
TI Patterns of association between Symbiodinium and members of the
Montastraea annularis species complex on spatial scales ranging from
within colonies to between geographic regions
SO CORAL REEFS
LA English
DT Article
DE coral; Zooxanthellae; diversity; bleaching; Caribbean
ID CORAL-ALGAL SYMBIOSIS; CARIBBEAN CORALS; ORGANIC-CARBON; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
REEFS; DIVERSITY; ZOOXANTHELLAE; SPECIFICITY; ECOLOGY; COMMUNITIES
AB Patterns of associations between coral colonies and the major clades of zooxanthellae can vary across scales ranging from individual colonies to widely separated geographic regions. This is exemplified in this study of the Montastraea annularis species complex from six sites on the Mesoamerican Reef, Belize and nine sites in the Bocas del Toro archipelago, Panama. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) was used to identify the zooxanthellae. In Belize (M. annularis), Symbiodinium B (79% of the colonies), Symbiodinium A, and Symbiodinium C were observed. In Panama (primarily M. franksi, but also M. annularis and M. faveolata), there was greater diversity and evenness with Symbiodinium A, B, C, C' (a new symbiont) and D all being common in at least some host/habitat combinations. Non-metric multidimensional scaling ordinations showed that distribution patterns of symbionts across sites are best explained by enclosure (relative influence of open ocean vs. coastal water) and total suspended solids. Because members of clade D are known to be temperature resistant and Symbiodinium C' was found in environments characterized by high sedimentation, these Panamanian reefs may have importance from a management perspective as reservoirs of corals better able to tolerate human impacts.
C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama.
RP Knowlton, N (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM nknowlton@ucsd.edu
NR 41
TC 44
Z9 47
U1 0
U2 16
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4028
J9 CORAL REEFS
JI Coral Reefs
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 25
IS 4
BP 503
EP 512
DI 10.1007/s00338-006-0146-1
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 105US
UT WOS:000242058400001
ER
PT J
AU Freestone, AL
AF Freestone, Amy L.
TI Facilitation drives local abundance and regional distribution of a rare
plant in a harsh environment
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE competition; Delphinium uliginosum; Didymodon tophaceus; facilitation;
gradients; habitat specialist; moss; recruitment; scaling; serpentine
wetland
ID SALT-MARSH PLANTS; POSITIVE INTERACTIONS; SEED DISPERSAL; COMMUNITIES;
COMPETITION; GRADIENTS; ECOLOGY; STRESS; PRODUCTIVITY; PATTERNS
AB The importance of facilitation to local community dynamics is becoming increasingly recognized. However, the predictability of positive interactions in stressful environments, the balance of competition and facilitation along environmental gradients, and the scaling of local positive interactions to regional distributions are aspects of facilitation that remain unresolved. I explored these questions in a habitat specialist, Delphinium uliginosum, and a moss, Didymodon tophaceus, both found in small serpentine wetlands. I tested three hypotheses: (1) moss facilitates germination, growth, and/or fecundity of D. uliginosum; (2) facilitation is stronger at the harsher ends of gradients in soil moisture, toxicity, and/or biomass; and (3) facilitation is reflected in positive associations at the levels of local abundance and regional occurrence. Although considerable competitive interactions occurred in later life stages, moss strongly facilitated D. uliginosum seedling emergence. There was no evidence that this facilitative effect weakened, or switched to competition, in benign environments. D. uliginosum was more locally abundant and more frequently present, across a large portion of its range, with than without moss, indicating a net facilitative effect in the face of competitive influences. Facilitated recruitment, possibly by seed retention, was found to be an important control on abundance and distribution in this rare species.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Freestone, AL (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
EM freestonea@si.edu
NR 37
TC 24
Z9 26
U1 1
U2 24
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA
SN 0012-9658
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 87
IS 11
BP 2728
EP 2735
DI 10.1890/0012-9658(2006)87[2728:FDLAAR]2.0.CO;2
PG 8
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 108BK
UT WOS:000242214800005
PM 17168017
ER
PT J
AU Newman, MJH
Paredes, GA
Sala, E
Jackson, JBC
AF Newman, Marah J. H.
Paredes, Gustavo A.
Sala, Enric
Jackson, Jeremy B. C.
TI Structure of Caribbean coral reef communities across a large gradient of
fish biomass
SO ECOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE algal biomass; coral reefs; fish biomass; fishing impacts; marine
reserves; reef degradation
ID TAKE MARINE RESERVES; TROPHIC CASCADES; MACROALGAL COVER; ECOSYSTEMS;
MORTALITY; TRAJECTORIES; DIVERSITY; ABUNDANCE; PATTERNS; RECOVERY
AB The collapse of Caribbean coral reefs has been attributed in part to historic overfishing, but whether fish assemblages can recover and how such recovery might affect the benthic reef community has not been tested across appropriate scales. We surveyed the biomass of reef communities across a range in fish abundance from 14 to 593 g m(-2), a gradient exceeding that of any previously reported for coral reefs. Increased fish biomass was correlated with an increased proportion of apex predators, which were abundant only inside large marine reserves. Increased herbivorous fish biomass was correlated with a decrease in fleshy algal biomass but corals have not yet recovered.
C1 Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Paleoecol & Archeol, Balboa, Panama.
RP Newman, MJH (reprint author), Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM mjnewman@ucsd.edu
NR 50
TC 113
Z9 119
U1 1
U2 54
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1461-023X
J9 ECOL LETT
JI Ecol. Lett.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 9
IS 11
BP 1216
EP 1227
DI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2006.00976.x
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 094LX
UT WOS:000241242000006
PM 17040324
ER
PT J
AU Agnarsson, I
Aviles, L
Coddington, JA
Maddison, WP
AF Agnarsson, Ingi
Aviles, Leticia
Coddington, Jonathan A.
Maddison, Wayne P.
TI Sociality in Theridiid spiders: Repeated origins of an evolutionary dead
end
SO EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Review
DE Anelosimus; evolution of sociality; inbreeding; levels of selection;
mating system; preadaptations; sex ratio bias
ID ANELOSIMUS-STUDIOSUS ARANEAE; SUBSOCIAL SPIDER; COOPERATIVE SPIDER;
INBREEDING DEPRESSION; SEX-RATIO; STEGODYPHUS-LINEATUS; PHYLOGENETIC
ANALYSIS; INTERDEMIC SELECTION; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; JUVENILE DISPERSAL
AB Evolutionary "dead ends" result from traits that are selectively advantageous in the short term but ultimately result in lowered diversification rates of lineages. In spiders, 23 species scattered across eight families share a social system in which individuals live in colonies and cooperate in nest maintenance, prey capture, and brood care. Most of these species are inbred and have highly female-biased sex ratios. Here we show that in Theridiidae this social system originated eight to nine times independently among 11 to 12 species for a remarkable 18 to 19 origins across spiders. In Theridiidae, the origins cluster significantly in one clade marked by a possible preadaptation: extended maternal care. In most derivations, sociality is limited to isolated species: social species are sister to social species only thrice. To examine whether sociality in spiders represents an evolutionary dead end, we develop a test that compares the observed phylogenetic isolation of social species to the simulated evolution of social and non-social clades under equal diversification rates, and find that sociality in Theridiidae is significantly isolated. Because social clades are not in general smaller than their nonsocial sister clades, the "spindly" phylogenetic pattern-many tiny replicate social clades-may be explained by extinction rapid enough that a nonsocial sister group does not have time to diversify while the social lineage remains extant. In this case, this repeated origin and extinction of sociality suggests a conflict between the short-term benefits and long-term costs of inbred sociality. Although benefits of group living may initially outweigh costs of inbreeding (hence the replicate origins), in the long run the subdivision of the populations in relatively small and highly inbred colony lineages may result in higher extinction, thus an evolutionary dead end.
C1 Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Univ British Columbia, Dept Bot, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Agnarsson, I (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, 2370-6270 Univ Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
EM ingi@zoology.ubc.ca; laviles@zoology.ubc.ca; coddington@si.edu;
wmaddisn@interchange.ubc.ca
NR 115
TC 82
Z9 84
U1 7
U2 47
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0014-3820
EI 1558-5646
J9 EVOLUTION
JI Evolution
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 60
IS 11
BP 2342
EP 2351
PG 10
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA 119RO
UT WOS:000243031000013
PM 17236425
ER
PT J
AU Ghatan, GJ
Zimbelman, JR
AF Ghatan, Gil J.
Zimbelman, James R.
TI Paucity of candidate coastal constructional landforms along proposed
shorelines on Mars: Implications for a northern lowlands-filling ocean
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mars; Mars, surface; Mars, climate
ID ORBITER LASER ALTIMETER; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ANCIENT OCEANS; GROUND ICE;
PLAINS; SURFACE; DEBRIS; CAMERA; WATER; FATE
AB The case for an ocean having once occupied the northern lowlands of Mars has largely been based indirectly on the debouching of the outflow channels into the lowlands, and directly on erosional features along the margins of the lowlands interpreted to be the result of wave action. Two global shorelines were previously mapped from albedo variation, embayment relationships, and scarps interpreted as coastal cliffs. However, not since the early, Viking-based studies, has there been a focused assessment of the presence or absence of coastal constructional landforms such as barrier ridges and spits, located on or near the mapped "shorelines." Such constructional landforms are typically found in association with coastal erosional features on Earth, and therefore warrant a detailed search for their presence on Mars. All presently available THEMIS VIS and MOC NA images located on or near either of the two "shorelines," within the Chryse Planitia/Arabia Terra region (10 degrees to 44 degrees N; 300 degrees to 0 degrees E) and the Isidis Planitia region (0 degrees to 30 degrees N; 70 degrees to 105 degrees E), were examined in search of any features that could reasonably be considered candidate coastal ridges. Additionally, raw MOLA profiles were used in conjunction with a technique developed from Differential Global Positioning System profiles across terrestrial paleo-shorelines, to search for coastal ridges throughout these same regions. Out of 447 THEMIS VIS and 735 MOC NA images examined, only four candidates are observed that are plausibly interpreted as coastal ridges; no candidate coastal ridges are observed in the MOLA profiles. This overwhelming paucity of candidate features suggests one of five possible scenarios in terms of the existence of standing bodies of water within the martian lowlands: (1) No ocean existed up to the level of either of the previously mapped "shorelines"; (2) An ocean existed, however wave action, the primary agent responsible for construction of coastal landforms, was minimal to non-existent; (3) An ocean existed, but sediment input was not significant enough to form coastal deposits; (4) An ocean existed, but readily froze, and over time sublimated; and lastly (5) An ocean existed and coastal landforms were constructed, but in the intervening time since their formation they have nearly all been eroded away. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Sci, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Ghatan, GJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Sci, POB 37012,MRC 315, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM gil.ghatan@gmail.com
NR 55
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 185
IS 1
BP 171
EP 196
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2006.06.007
PG 26
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA 097VJ
UT WOS:000241477000014
ER
PT J
AU Gingerich, O
AF Gingerich, Owen
TI The correspondance of the astronomer and calendar-maker Gottfried Kirch.
SO JOURNAL FOR THE HISTORY OF ASTRONOMY
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Gingerich, O (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SCIENCE HISTORY PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA 16 RUTHERFORD RD, CAMBRIDGE CB2 2HH, ENGLAND
SN 0021-8286
J9 J HIST ASTRON
JI J. Hist. Astron.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 37
BP 485
EP 486
PN 4
PG 2
WC History & Philosophy Of Science
SC History & Philosophy of Science
GA 101QZ
UT WOS:000241756800007
ER
PT J
AU Bowen, WD
Iverson, SJ
Mcmillan, JI
Boness, DJ
AF Bowen, W. D.
Iverson, S. J.
Mcmillan, J. I.
Boness, D. J.
TI Reproductive performance in grey seals: age-related improvement and
senescence in a capital breeder
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE age-specific reproduction; phocid; pinniped; seal
ID NORTHERN ELEPHANT SEALS; COLUMBIAN GROUND-SQUIRRELS; FEMALE MOUNTAIN
GOATS; LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGY; HALICHOERUS-GRYPUS; MATERNAL AGE; BIGHORN
EWES; FUR SEALS; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; NATURAL-SELECTION
AB 1. Three hypotheses have been advanced to account for age-related improvement in performance: the selection hypothesis predicts improved due to the loss of lower quality phenotypes, the constraint hypothesis predicts individuals improve function, and the restraint hypothesis predicts younger individuals forego or reduce effort because of mortality risks. A decline in age-related performance (i.e. senescence) is predicted by mutation accumulation, antagonistic pleiotropy and disposable soma (wear and tear) hypotheses.
2. Using five measures of performance - birth rate, maternal and pup birth mass, pup weaning mass, weaning success and lactation length - we tested these hypotheses concerning age-related change in reproduction in 279 female grey seals (Halichoerus grypus), ages 4-42 years, over a 23-year period between 1983 and 2005 on Sable Island, Nova Scotia. These females produced 2071 pups.
3. Although body mass of primiparous females increased with age (4-7 years) birth mass of their pups did not, but pup weaning mass did. Second- and third-parity females of the same age as primiparous females gave birth to and weaned heavier pups. However, parity and age were dropped from models when maternal body mass was included.
4. The proportion of females giving birth varied significantly with maternal age, increasing in young females and then declining late in life. Weaning success rate also increased rapidly to about 8 years and subsequently declined in females > 32 years.
5. Generalized additive models indicated nonlinear changes in 3 day body mass (i.e. similar to birth mass) and weaning mass of pups as a function of maternal age, after accounting statistically for the effects of maternal body mass. Mixed-effects, repeated-measures models fitted to longitudinal data further supported the conclusion that pup birth mass and weaning mass vary nonlinearly with maternal age and indicated nonlinear changes in lactation duration.
6. We found some support for the constraint hypothesis, but our findings were not consistent with the selection hypothesis or the restraint hypothesis as the basis for improvement in reproductive performance.
7. Senescence was evident in multiple female and offspring traits, indicating the degeneration in function of several physiological systems as predicted by the disposable soma hypothesis.
C1 Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dartmouth, NS, Canada.
Dalhousie Univ, Dept Biol, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5, Canada.
Smithsonian Inst, Conservat Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Orono, ME USA.
Univ Maine, Dept Marine Sci, Orono, ME USA.
RP Bowen, WD (reprint author), Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dartmouth, NS, Canada.
RI Bowen, William/D-2758-2012
NR 61
TC 59
Z9 60
U1 7
U2 33
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0021-8790
J9 J ANIM ECOL
JI J. Anim. Ecol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 75
IS 6
BP 1340
EP 1351
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2006.01157.x
PG 12
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 093HI
UT WOS:000241158600012
PM 17032366
ER
PT J
AU Joseph, L
Wilke, T
Ten Have, J
Chesser, RT
AF Joseph, Leo
Wilke, Thomas
Ten Have, Jose
Chesser, R. Terry
TI Implications of mitochondrial DNA polyphyly in two ecologically
undifferentiated but morphologically distinct migratory birds, the
masked and white-browed woodswallows Artamus spp. of inland Australia
SO JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POPULATION-GROWTH; EVOLUTION; POLYMORPHISM; DIVERSITY; SELECTION;
PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; HYBRIDIZATION; POMATOSTOMUS; RELIABILITY; SYSTEMATICS
AB The white-browed woodswallow Artamus superciliosus and masked woodswallow A. personatus (Passeriformes: Artamidae) are members of Australia's diverse arid- and semi-arid zone avifauna. Widely sympatric and among Australia's relatively few obligate long-distance temperate-tropical migrants, the two are well differentiated morphologically but not ecologically and vocally. They are pair breeders unlike other Artamus species, which are at least facultative cooperative breeders. For these reasons they are an excellent case in which to use molecular data in integrative study of their evolution from ecological and biogeographical perspectives. We used mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to test whether they are each other's closest relatives, whether they evolved migration independently, whether they have molecular signatures of population expansions like some other Australian arid zone birds, and to estimate the timing of any inferred population expansions. Their mtDNAs are monophyletic with respect to other species of Artamus but polyphyletic with respect to each other. The two species appear not to have evolved migration independently of each other but their morphological and mtDNA evolution have been strongly decoupled. Some level of hybridization and introgression cannot be dismissed outright as being involved in their mtDNA polyphyly but incomplete sorting of their most recent common ancestor's mtDNA is a simpler explanation consistent with their ecology. Bayesian phylogenetic inference and analyses of diversity within the two species (n=77) with conventional diversity statistics, statistical parsimony, and tests for population expansion vs stability (Tajima's D, Fu's Fs and Ramos-Onsin and Rozas's R-2) all favour recent population increases. However, a non-starlike network suggests expansion(s) relatively early in the Pleistocene. Repeated population bottlenecks corresponding with multiple peaks of Pleistocene aridity could explain our findings, which add a new dimension to accruing data on the effects of Pleistocene aridity on the Australian biota.
C1 Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia, Dept Ornithol, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA.
Univ Giessen, IFZ, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
CSIRO, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
USGS, PWRC, Smithsonian Inst, Museum Natl Hist Nat,Div Birds,MRC 116, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
RP Joseph, L (reprint author), Acad Nat Sci Philadelphia, Dept Ornithol, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pkwy, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA.
EM Leo.Joseph@csiro.au
RI Joseph, Leo/F-9235-2010; Wilke, Thomas/G-1517-2012
OI Wilke, Thomas/0000-0001-8263-7758
NR 75
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 3
U2 5
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0908-8857
J9 J AVIAN BIOL
JI J. Avian Biol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 37
IS 6
BP 625
EP 636
DI 10.1111/j.0908-8857.2006.03767.x
PG 12
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 101GT
UT WOS:000241730000012
ER
PT J
AU Tai, RH
Ward, RB
Sadler, PM
AF Tai, Robert H.
Ward, R. Bruce
Sadler, Philip M.
TI High school chemistry content background of introductory college
chemistry students and its association with college chemistry grades
SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
LA English
DT Article
ID GENERAL-CHEMISTRY; SUCCESS; PREDICTORS
C1 Univ Virginia, Curry Sch Educ, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Sci Educ Dept, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Tai, RH (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Curry Sch Educ, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
EM rht6h@virginia.edu
NR 26
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0021-9584
J9 J CHEM EDUC
JI J. Chem. Educ.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 83
IS 11
BP 1703
EP 1711
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines
SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research
GA 093GG
UT WOS:000241155700033
ER
PT J
AU Hood, WR
Oftedal, OT
Kunz, TH
AF Hood, Wendy R.
Oftedal, Olav T.
Kunz, Thomas H.
TI Variation in body composition of female big brown bats (Eptesicus
fuscus) during lactation
SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMIC AND
ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE body composition; total body fat; total body calcium; lactation;
Eptesicus fuscus
ID POSTNATAL-GROWTH; MYOTIS-LUCIFUGUS; TADARIDA-BRASILIENSIS;
GROUND-SQUIRRELS; DAILY TORPOR; LITTER SIZE; MASS; VESPERTILIONIDAE;
REPRODUCTION; CHIROPTERA
AB Most small mammals support the nutritional requirements of milk production by increasing food intake. However, when nutrient intake is low, maternal body reserves may be mobilized to maintain adequate milk output. We examined patterns of body composition, including dry matter, fat, protein, and mineral content in big brown bats, Eptesicus fuscus, during lactation. Concentrations of fat and phosphorus were markedly lower in lactating mothers during week three of lactation than during the first two weeks, but these constituents rebounded to previous levels in the fourth and fifth week. Rapid recovery from fat depletion suggests that females are able to adjust to changes in demands for energy. The decrease in phosphorus during mid-lactation suggests bone demineralization, but an interspecific comparison of adult concentrations of minerals prevalent in bone suggests that mineral concentrations may never reach critically low levels in reproductively active females.
C1 Coastal Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, Conway, SC 29528 USA.
Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Dept Conservat Biol, Washington, DC 20008 USA.
Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
RP Hood, WR (reprint author), Coastal Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, POB 261954, Conway, SC 29528 USA.
EM wrhood@coastal.edu
FU NICHD NIH HHS [5-T32HD078387]
NR 68
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 16
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0174-1578
EI 1432-136X
J9 J COMP PHYSIOL B
JI J. Comp. Physiol. B-Biochem. Syst. Environ. Physiol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 176
IS 8
BP 807
EP 819
DI 10.1007/s00360-006-0102-y
PG 13
WC Physiology; Zoology
SC Physiology; Zoology
GA 096CT
UT WOS:000241355300008
PM 16835744
ER
PT J
AU Ma, HW
Overstreet, RM
Sniezek, JH
Solangi, M
Coats, DW
AF Ma, Hongwei
Overstreet, Robin M.
Sniezek, James H.
Solangi, Mobashir
Coats, D. Wayne
TI Two new species of symbiotic ciliates from the respiratory tract of
cetaceans with establishment of the new genus Planilamina n. Gen.
(Dysteriida, Kyaroikeidae)
SO JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ciliophora; dolphin; morphogenesis; morphology; Planilamina magna n.
sp.; Planilamina ovata n. gen.; n. sp.; Pseudorca crassidens; Tursiops
truncatus; whale
ID ST-LAWRENCE ESTUARY; DISSEMINATED TOXOPLASMOSIS; STENELLA-COERULEOALBA;
SARCOCYSTIS-NEURONA; MARINE MAMMALS; BELUGA WHALES; DOLPHIN; PROTOZOA;
CYRTOPHORIDA; CILIOPHORA
AB Examination of mucus discharged from the blowhole of Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) at Marine Life Oceanarium, Gulfport, Mississippi, and false killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens) and Atlantic bottlenose dolphin at SeaWorld Orlando, Orlando, Florida, using live observations and protargol impregnation revealed mixed infections of Kyaroikeus cetarius and two new species. Planilamina n. gen. is characterized by a C-shaped argentophilic band located along the laterally flattened margin of cell and extending from the cell apex to subposterior cone-shaped podite; a deep oral cavity containing one short preoral kinety, two circumoral kineties, seven to 13 infundibular kineties, and a cytostome; a broadly funnel-shaped cytopharynx reinforced by argentophilic fibers but without nematodesmata; closely packed postoral kinetofragments set in a pocket located anterior left of the podite; and somatic kineties as a right field closely situated at the right surface and a left field bordering the anterior left margin of the oral cavity. The type species for the genus, Planilamina ovata n. sp., is distinguished from its sister species Planilamina magna n. sp. by the following characteristics: body size (28-65 x 20-43 mu m vs. 57-90 x 40-63 mu m), number of right field kineties (38-55 vs. 79-99), and position of the anterior end of the leftmost kinety in the right somatic field (anterior one-third vs. mid-body). The morphogenesis of Planilamina ovata is similar to that of K. cetarius. The diagnosis of Kyaroikeidae is emended to accommodate the new genus.
C1 Univ So Mississippi, Dept Coastal Sci, Gulf Coast Res Lab, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA.
Montgomery Coll, Dept Biol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
Inst Marine Mammal Studies, Gulfport, MS 39502 USA.
Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
RP Overstreet, RM (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Coastal Sci, Gulf Coast Res Lab, 703 E Beach Dr, Ocean Springs, MS 39564 USA.
EM robin.overstreet@usm.edu
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1066-5234
J9 J EUKARYOT MICROBIOL
JI J. Eukaryot. Microbiol.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2006
VL 53
IS 6
BP 407
EP 419
DI 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2006.00124.x
PG 13
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 107TP
UT WOS:000242194200001
PM 17123404
ER
PT J
AU Baron-Szabo, RC
Schafhauser, A
Gotz, S
Stinnesbeck, W
AF Baron-Szabo, Rosemarie C.
Schafhauser, Armin
Goetz, Stefan
Stinnesbeck, Wolfgang
TI Scleractinian corals from the Cardenas Formation (Maastrichtian), San
Luis Potosi, Mexico
SO JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID CARIBBEAN REEF CORALS; RUDISTS; BOUNDARY; AUSTRIA
AB A detailed taxonomical description of scleractinian corals from the Maastrichtian of Mexico (Cardenas Formation) is given for the first time. The coral association comprises 16 taxa which belong to 9 families: Dictuophyllia conferticostata (Vaughan), Cladocora jamaicaensis Vaughan, Cladocora gracilis (d'Orbigny), Antiguastrea cellulosa (Duncan), Multicolumnastraea cyathiformis (Duncan), Placocoenia major Felix, Siderastrea vancouverensis Vaughan, Siderastrea adkinsi (Wells), Goniopora sp., Actinacis haueri Reuss, Actinacis parvistella Oppenheim, Actinhelia elegans (Goldfuss), Meandrophyllia oceani (de Fromentel), Dermosmitiopsis orbignyi Alloiteau, Trochoseris aperta Duncan, and Cyathoseris formosa d'Achiardi. The corals described herein were collected from mixed coral-rudist and coral-dominated assemblages in the Arroyo de la Atarjea, and one unnamed riverbed which lithologically correspond to the Arroyo de la Atarjea section, both of which belong to the upper member of the Cardenas Formation. On the genus level, 94% of the Mexican fauna corresponds to the Maastrichtian coral assemblages of Jamaica. Moreover, the Cardenas fauna shows close affinities to both Upper Cretaceous coral associations of central Europe and the Caribbean, as well as to Lower Tertiary faunas of Central America and the Caribbean. On the species level, 68.8% of the Cardenas corals are known from Lower Tertiary strata of Central America, the Caribbean, South America, Asia, European/Mediterranean region, and/or outheastern parts of the USA.
C1 Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, MRC 163, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
Res Inst Senckenberg, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany.
Univ Karlsruhe, Geol Inst 1, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.
RP Baron-Szabo, RC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, MRC 163, W329,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM RoseBaron@web.de; armin.schafhauser@bio-geo.uni-karlsruhe.de;
stefan.goetz@bio-geo.uni-karlsruhe.de;
wolfgang.stinnesbeck@bio-geo.uni-karlsruhe.de
NR 115
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 5
PU PALEONTOLOGICAL SOC INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0022-3360
J9 J PALEONTOL
JI J. Paleontol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 80
IS 6
BP 1033
EP 1046
DI 10.1666/0022-3360(2006)80[1033:SCFTCF]2.0.CO;2
PG 14
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA 114RL
UT WOS:000242683200001
ER
PT J
AU Harrison, RD
Rasplus, JY
AF Harrison, Rhett D.
Rasplus, Jean-Yves
TI Dispersal of fig pollinators in Asian tropical rain forests
SO JOURNAL OF TROPICAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Agaonidae; coevolution; Ficus; flight behaviour; mutualism; pollination
ID KEYSTONE PLANT RESOURCE; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; WASPS; FICUS; MUTUALISM;
CONSEQUENCES; COEVOLUTION; HYMENOPTERA; DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION
AB Fig pollinators (Agaonidae, Chalcioidea) lay their eggs in fig inflorescences (Ficus, Moraceae). Reproductive success for both partners is thus largely dependent on the dispersal of these tiny wasps. Some are known to cover substantial distances (> 10 km) using wind above the canopy. However, fig ecology is extremely varied, and hence one might also expect a diversity of pollinator dispersal strategies. We studied fig pollinator dispersal in Sarawak (2001 and 2004) and Peninsular Malaysia (2003). The results indicate substantial differences in dispersal ecology between the pollinators of monoecious and dioccious figs. Monoccious-fig pollinators were common, and species composition and rank abundances were similar between years despite short sampling periods. Substantial temporal and spatial variation in their production is thus smoothed out by long-distance dispersal. Some species whose hosts do not occur at our Sarawak site and are rare throughout Borneo were caught, suggesting exceptionally long-distance dispersal in these species. Conversely, few dioecious-fig pollinators were caught and species overlap between years was low. Dispersal range in many dioecious-fig pollinators may be more restricted. At a finer scale, among genera pollinating monoccious figs we found marked differences in flight behaviour (height and time-of-dispersal). We relate these findings to the ecology of their hosts, and discuss the implications for fig-fig-pollinator coevolution.
C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama.
Res Inst Human & Nat, Kita Ku, Kyoto 6038974, Japan.
Ctr Biol & Gest Populat, F-34988 Montferrier Sur Lez, France.
RP Harrison, RD (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 2072, Panama City, Panama.
EM rhett@chikyu.ac.jp
NR 31
TC 50
Z9 53
U1 3
U2 17
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0266-4674
J9 J TROP ECOL
JI J. Trop. Ecol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 22
BP 631
EP 639
DI 10.1017/S0266467406003488
PN 6
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 106WO
UT WOS:000242132900003
ER
PT J
AU Carrasco-Nunez, G
Diaz-Castellon, R
Siebert, L
Hubbard, B
Sheridan, MF
Rodriguez, SR
AF Carrasco-Nunez, Gerardo
Diaz-Castellon, Rodolfo
Siebert, Lee
Hubbard, Bernard
Sheridan, Michael F.
Rodriguez, Sergio Raul
TI Multiple edifice-collapse events in the Eastern Mexican Volcanic Belt:
The role of sloping substrate and implications for hazard assessment
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE edifice collapse; debris avalanche; instability; volcanic hazards;
Mexican Volcanic Belt
ID DEBRIS-AVALANCHE DEPOSIT; MOUNT-RAINIER; FUTURE HAZARDS; CASITA VOLCANO;
SOURCE AREAS; LAHAR; FLOW; ARC; CITLALTEPETL; PLEISTOCENE
AB The Citlaltepetl-Cofre de Perote volcanic chain forms an important physiographic barrier that separates the Central Altiplano (2500 masl) from the Gulf Coastal Plain (GCP) (1300 masl). The abrupt eastward drop in relief between these provinces gives rise to unstable conditions and consequent gravitational collapse of large volcanic edifices built at the edge of the Altiplano. Eastward sloping substrate, caused by the irregular configuration of the basement rocks, is the dominant factor that controls the direction of collapsing sectors in all major volcanoes in the region to be preferentially towards the GCP. These collapses produced voluminous debris avalanches and lahars that inundated the well-developed drainages and elastic aprons that characterize the Coastal Plain. Large catastrophic collapses from Ciflaltepetl, Las Cumbres, and Cofre de Perote volcanoes are well documented in the geologic record. Some of the avalanches and transformed flows have exceptionally long runouts and reach the Gulf of Mexico traveling more than 120 km from their source. So far, no direct evidence has been found for magmatic activity associated with the initiation of these catastrophic flank-collapses. Apparently, instability of the volcanic edifices has been strongly favored by very intense hydrothermal alteration, abrupt topographic change, and intense fracturing. In addition to the eastward slope of the substrate, the reactivation of pre-volcanic basement structures during the Late Tertiary, and the E-W to ENE-SSW oriented regional stress regimes may have played an important role in the preferential movement direction of the avalanches and flows. In addition to magmatic-hydrothermal processes, high amounts of rainfall in the area is another factor that enhances alteration and eventually weakens the rocks. It is very likely that seismic activity may be the principal triggering mechanism that caused the flank collapse of large volcanic edifices in the Eastern Mexican Volcanic Belt. However, critical pore water pressure from extraordinary amounts of rainfall associated with hurricanes or other meteorological perturbation cannot be ruled out, particularly for smaller volume collapses. There are examples in the area of small seismogenic debris flows that have occurred in historical times, showing that these processes are not uncommon. Assessing the stability conditions of major volcanic edifices that have experienced catastrophic sector collapses is crucial for forecasting future events. This is particularly true for the Eastern Mexican Volcanic Belt, where in many cases no magmatic activity was associated with the collapse. Therefore, edifice failure could occur again without any precursory warning. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Geociencias, Queretaro 76230, Mexico.
Smithsonian Inst, Global Volcanism Program, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA.
SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA.
Inst Geol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
Univ Veracruzana, Ctr Ciencias Tierra, Xalapa 91090, Veracruz, Mexico.
RP Carrasco-Nunez, G (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Geociencias, Campus Juriquilla, Queretaro 76230, Mexico.
EM gerardoc@geociencias.unam.mx
NR 85
TC 25
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD NOV 1
PY 2006
VL 158
IS 1-2
BP 151
EP 176
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2006.04.025
PG 26
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 107ZB
UT WOS:000242208400011
ER
PT J
AU Baker, ME
Weller, DE
Jordan, TE
AF Baker, Matthew E.
Weller, Donald E.
Jordan, Thomas E.
TI Improved methods for quantifying potential nutrient interception by
riparian buffers
SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE riparian buffers; landscape metrics; land cover; nutrient filters;
topographic analysis
ID COASTAL-PLAIN WATERSHEDS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; LAND-COVER; NITRATE REMOVAL;
LANDSCAPE INDICATORS; SURFACE-WATER; GROUND-WATER; QUALITY; FOREST;
ZONES
AB Efforts to quantify the effects of riparian buffers on watershed nutrient discharges have been confounded by a commonly used analysis, which estimates buffer potential as the percentage of forest or wetland within a fixed distance of streams. Effective landscape metrics must instead be developed based on a clear conceptual model and quantified at the appropriate spatial scale. We develop new metrics for riparian buffers in two stages of increasing functional specificity to ask: (1) Which riparian metrics are more distinct from measures of whole watershed land cover? (2) Do functional riparian metrics provide different information than fixed-distance metrics? (3) How do these patterns vary within and among different physiographic settings? Using publicly available geographic data, we studied 503 watersheds in four different physiographic provinces of the Chesapeake Bay Drainage. In addition to traditional fixed-distance measures, we calculated mean buffer width, gap frequency, and measures of variation in buffer width using both "unconstrained" metrics and "flow-path" metrics constrained by surface topography. There were distinct patterns of relationship between watershed and near-stream land cover in each physiographic province and strong correlations with watershed land cover confounded fixed-distance metrics. Flow-path metrics were more independent of watershed land cover than either fixed-distance or unconstrained measures, but both functional metrics provided greater detail, interpretability, and flexibility than the fixed-distance approach. Potential applications of the new metrics include exploring the potential for land cover patterns to influence water quality, accounting for buffers in statistical nutrient models, quantifying spatial patterns for process-based modeling, and targeting management actions such as buffer restoration.
C1 Utah State Univ, Dept Aquat Watershed & Earth Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
RP Baker, ME (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Aquat Watershed & Earth Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM matt.baker@usu.edu
RI Baker, Matthew/I-2839-2014;
OI Baker, Matthew/0000-0001-5069-0204; Weller, Donald/0000-0002-7629-5437
NR 58
TC 64
Z9 68
U1 4
U2 47
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2973
J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL
JI Landsc. Ecol.
PD NOV
PY 2006
VL 21
IS 8
BP 1327
EP 1345
DI 10.1007/s10980-006-0020-0
PG 19
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 106GP
UT WOS:000242089300012
ER
EF