FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Wiegand, T He, FL Hubbell, SP AF Wiegand, Thorsten He, Fangliang Hubbell, Stephen P. TI A systematic comparison of summary characteristics for quantifying point patterns in ecology SO ECOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL-PATTERNS; SPECIES ASSOCIATIONS; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS; TREE; FOREST; RECONSTRUCTION; BIODIVERSITY; INFORMATION; LIMITATION; MEDIA AB Many functional summary characteristics such as Ripley's K function have been used in ecology to describe the spatial structure of point patterns to aid understanding of the underlying processes. However, their use is poorly guided in ecology because little is understood how well single summary characteristics, or a combination of them, capture the spatial structure of real world patterns. Here, we systematically tested the performance of combinations of eight summary characteristics [i.e. pair correlation function g(r), K-function K(r), the proportion E(r) of points with no neighbor at distance r, the nearest neighbor distribution function D(r), the spherical contact distribution Hs(r), the kth nearest-neighbor distribution functions Dk(r), the mean distance nn(k) to the kth neighbor, and the intensity function (x)]. To this end we used point pattern data covering a wide range of spatial structures including simulated (stationary) as well as real, possibly non-stationary, patterns on tree species in a tropical forest in Panama. To measure the information contained in a given combination of summary characteristics we used simulated annealing to reconstruct the observed patterns based only on the limited information provided by this combination and assessed how well other characteristics of the observed pattern were recovered. We found that the number of summary characteristics required to capture the spatial structure of stationary patterns varied between one (for patterns with near random structures) and three (for patterns with complex cluster and superposition structures), but with a robust ranking g(r), Dk(r), and Hs(r) that was largely independent on pattern idiosyncrasies. Stationary summary characteristics [with ranking g(r), Dk(r), Hs(r), E(r)] captured small- to intermediate scale properties of non-stationary patterns, but for describing large-scale spatial structures the intensity function was required. Our finding revealed that the current practice in ecology of using only one or two summary characteristics bears danger that essential characteristics of more complex patterns would not be detected. The technique of pattern reconstruction presented here has wide applications in ecology. C1 [Wiegand, Thorsten] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res UFZ, Dept Ecol Modeling, DE-04301 Leipzig, Germany. [He, Fangliang] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada. [Hubbell, Stephen P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Hubbell, Stephen P.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Unit 0948, APO, AA 34002 USA. RP Wiegand, T (reprint author), UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res UFZ, Dept Ecol Modeling, PF 500136, DE-04301 Leipzig, Germany. EM thorsten.wiegand@ufz.de RI Wiegand, Thorsten/H-5877-2016 OI Wiegand, Thorsten/0000-0002-3721-2248 FU National Science Foundation; Center for Tropical Forest Science; Smithsonian Tropical Research Inst.; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; Mellon Foundation; Celera Foundation; ERC [233066]; NSERC (Canada) FX The BCI forest dynamics research project was made possible by National Science Foundation grants to SPH, support from the Center for Tropical Forest Science, the Smithsonian Tropical Research Inst., the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Mellon Foundation, the Celera Foundation, and numerous private individuals, and through the hard work of over 100 people from 10 countries over the past two decades. The plot project is part the Center for Tropical Forest Science, a global network of large-scale demographic tree plots. TW was supported by the ERC advanced grant 233066, and FH was supported by NSERC (Canada). We thank P. Dixon for his comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. NR 51 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 4 U2 88 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0906-7590 J9 ECOGRAPHY JI Ecography PD JAN PY 2013 VL 36 IS 1 BP 92 EP 103 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0587.2012.07361.x PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 103CS UT WOS:000315892600008 ER PT J AU Craft, JD Paul, VJ Sotka, EE AF Craft, Jonathan D. Paul, Valerie J. Sotka, Erik E. TI Biogeographic and phylogenetic effects on feeding resistance of generalist herbivores toward plant chemical defenses SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE arms race; generalist herbivore; herbivore feeding preference; latitudinal patterns of biotic interaction; lipophilic compounds; local adaptation; sea urchins; secondary metabolites; tropical vs. temperate herbivory ID DEFENDED PALATABILITY; GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION; NUTRITIONAL ECOLOGY; MARINE HERBIVORE; HOST USE; COMMUNITIES; BIOMASS; FISHES; REEFS; ASSIMILATION AB Many terrestrial and most marine herbivores have generalist diets, yet the role that evolutionary history plays in their foraging behaviors is poorly documented. On tropical hard-bottom reefs, generalist fishes and sea urchins readily consume seaweeds that produce lipophilic secondary metabolites. In contrast, herbivores on temperate reefs less commonly encounter seaweeds with analogous metabolites. This biogeographic pattern suggests that tropical herbivores should evolve greater feeding resistance to lipophilic defenses relative to temperate herbivores, but tests of this biogeographic pattern are rare. We offered lipophilic extracts from nine subtropical seaweeds at two concentrations to sea urchins (four subtropical and three cold-temperate populations) and quantified urchin feeding resistance. Patterns of feeding resistance toward lipophilic defenses were more similar within genera than across genera of urchins, indicating a substantial role for phylogenetic history in the feeding ecology of these generalist herbivores. The biogeographic origin of urchins also influenced feeding resistance, as subtropical species displayed greater feeding resistance than did temperate species. Similarly, a subtropical population of Arbacia punctulata had greater feeding resistance for Dictyota and Stypopodium extracts relative to temperate A. punctulata. We conclude that evolutionary history plays a more central role in the foraging ecology of generalist herbivores than is currently appreciated. C1 [Craft, Jonathan D.; Sotka, Erik E.] Coll Charleston, Grice Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Craft, Jonathan D.; Sotka, Erik E.] Coll Charleston, Dept Biol, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Craft, Jonathan D.; Paul, Valerie J.] Smithsonian Inst, Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. RP Sotka, EE (reprint author), Coll Charleston, Grice Marine Lab, 205 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. EM SotkaE@cofc.edu FU National Science Foundation [OCE-0550245, DEB-0919064]; Lerner-Gray Fund (American Museum of Natural History); Link Foundation (Smithsonian Institution) FX Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation (OCE-0550245 and DEB-0919064), the Lerner-Gray Fund (American Museum of Natural History), and the Link Foundation (Smithsonian Institution). We thank Sarath Gunasekera, Raphael Ritson-Williams, Dennis Hanisak, Christine Byrum, Marie DeLorenzo, Courtney Murren, Bob Podolsky, and Allan Strand for logistical support or discussion. We thank Sergio Navarrete, Mark Hay, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful critiques. This is publication number 391 of the Grice Marine Laboratory and publication number 890 of the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce. Organisms were collected with Florida Special Activity License 06SR-971. NR 46 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 71 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JAN PY 2013 VL 94 IS 1 BP 18 EP 24 PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 107AL UT WOS:000316186900004 PM 23600236 ER PT J AU Schreeg, LA Mack, MC Turner, BL AF Schreeg, Laura A. Mack, Michelle C. Turner, Benjamin L. TI Nutrient-specific solubility patterns of leaf litter across 41 lowland tropical woody species SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Barro Colorado Island, Panama; decomposition; leaching; litter traits; nutrient cycling; terrestrial ecosystems ID N-P STOICHIOMETRY; RAIN-FOREST; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; DECOMPOSITION DYNAMICS; ORGANIC-MATTER; PLANT LITTER; PHOSPHORUS AVAILABILITY; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; MONTANE FORESTS; NATURAL-WATERS AB Leaching is a mechanism for the release of nutrients from litter or senesced leaves that can drive interactions among plants, microbes, and soil. Although leaching is well established in conceptual models of litter decomposition, potential nutrient solubility of mineral elements from recently senesced litter has seldom been quantified. Using a standardized extraction (1:50 litter-to-water ratio and four-hour extraction) and recently senesced leaf litter of 41 tropical tree and liana species, we investigated how solubility varies among elements, and whether the solubility of elements could be predicted by litter traits (e.g., lignin, total element concentrations). In addition, we investigated nutrient forms (i.e., inorganic and organic) and ratios in leachate. Water-soluble elements per unit litter mass were strongly predicted by total initial litter element concentrations for potassium (K; r(2) 0.79), sodium (Na; r(2) = 0.51) and phosphorus (P; r(2) = 0.66), while a significant but weaker positive relationship was found for nitrogen (N; r(2) = 0.36). There was no significant relationship for carbon (C) or calcium (Ca). Element-specific solubility varied markedly. On average 100% of total K, 35% of total P, 28% of total Na, 5% of total N, 4% of total Ca, and 3% of total C were soluble. For soluble P, 90% was inorganic orthophosphate. The high solubility of K, Na, and P as inorganic orthophosphate suggests that these nutrients can become rapidly available to litter microbes with no metabolic cost. Few common predictors of decomposition rates were correlated with element solubility, although soluble C (milligrams per gram of litter) was negatively related to lignin content (r(2) = 0.19; P < 0.004). Solubility of elements was linked within a species: when a species ranked high in the soluble fraction of one element, it also ranked high in the solubility of other elements. Overall nutrient-specific patterns of solubility from recently senesced litter emphasize that litter elements cannot be treated equally in our conceptual and empirical models of decomposition. The relatively high potential solubility of P as orthophosphate from fresh litter advances our understanding of ecological stoichiometric ratios and nutrient bioavailability in tropical forests. C1 [Schreeg, Laura A.; Mack, Michelle C.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Schreeg, Laura A.] Univ Florida, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Schreeg, Laura A.; Turner, Benjamin L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Schreeg, LA (reprint author), Brown Univ, 80 Waterman St,Box G-W, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM Laura_Schreeg@brown.edu RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011 OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722 FU NSF Dissertation Improvement Grant (DEB) [0909734]; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; University of Florida Alumni Fellowship FX This work was supported by an NSF Dissertation Improvement Grant (DEB No. 0909734). L. A. Schreeg was supported by a Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute short-term research fellowship and a University of Florida Alumni Fellowship. We thank Joe Wright for providing litter samples, Osvaldo Calderon for species identification, Tania Romero for lab assistance and Kaoru Kitajima, Nick Comerford, Ted Schuur, Stephan Hattenschwiler, Stephen Porder's laboratory, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful suggestions. NR 98 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 117 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JAN PY 2013 VL 94 IS 1 BP 94 EP 105 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 107AL UT WOS:000316186900012 PM 23600244 ER PT J AU Bader, MY Reich, T Wagner, S Gonzalez, ASG Zotz, G AF Bader, Maaike Y. Reich, Theresa Wagner, Sebastian Gonzalez Gonzalez, A. Steve Zotz, Gerhard TI Differences in desiccation tolerance do not explain altitudinal distribution patterns of tropical bryophytes SO JOURNAL OF BRYOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Altitudinal pattern; Climate change; Cloud forest; Desiccation tolerance; Ecophysiology; Rain forest; Tropical bryophytes ID MONTANE RAIN-FOREST; EPIPHYTIC BRYOPHYTES; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; MOSSES; LIGHT; RECOVERY; INTERCEPTION; DIVERSITY; LICHENS; PANAMA AB Bryophyte biomass and diversity vary strongly with altitude in the tropics. Low abundance and low species numbers in lowland rain forests are most likely due to reduced diurnal activity times combined with high nocturnal respiration rates at high temperatures. This may exclude many montane species from the warm lowlands. However, an alternative hypothesis explains the observed pattern, namely a limited desiccation tolerance of montane species, precipitation being more concentrated but less frequent in most lowland forests compared to montane cloud forests. To test this hypothesis, we studied the desiccation tolerance of four montane and four lowland bryophyte species. The effects of prolonged drought were quantified with chlorophyll fluorescence (F-v/F-m) and the extent of electrolyte leakage. Both montane and lowland species survived dry periods of >= 80 days, which far exceeds the duration of dry periods in the wet lowland tropics. We can thus exclude intolerance to long dry spells as an explaination for the absence of the tested montane species in the lowlands. We should continue to focus on other mechanisms to explain the altitudinal gradient of bryophyte abundance and diversity in the tropics, in order to understand this pattern, as well as to predict future trends under climatic warming. C1 [Bader, Maaike Y.; Reich, Theresa; Wagner, Sebastian; Zotz, Gerhard] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. [Gonzalez Gonzalez, A. Steve] Univ Autonoma Chiriqui, David, Panama. [Zotz, Gerhard] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Bader, MY (reprint author), Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. EM maaike.bader@uni-oldenburg.de RI Bader, Maaike/M-7998-2013 OI Bader, Maaike/0000-0003-4300-7598 NR 44 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 27 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 0373-6687 J9 J BRYOL JI J. Bryol. PY 2013 VL 35 BP 47 EP 56 DI 10.1179/1743282012Y.0000000033 PN 1 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 112SR UT WOS:000316614200006 ER PT J AU Meisner, K Winkler, U Zotz, G AF Meisner, Kerstin Winkler, Uwe Zotz, Gerhard TI Heteroblasty in bromeliads - anatomical, morphological and physiological changes in ontogeny are not related to the change from atmospheric to tank form SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE foliar nutrient uptake; foliar trichomes; ontogenetic drift; phosphate; potassium; stomata ID TILLANDSIA-DEPPEANA BROMELIACEAE; VRIESEA-SANGUINOLENTA; EPIPHYTIC BROMELIADS; WATER RELATIONS; CARBON GAIN; PLANT SIZE; CONSEQUENCES; TRANSITION; PHYLOGENY; TRICHOMES AB Heteroblasty is defined as an abrupt change in gross morphology during ontogeny, whereas homoblastic species show no or gradual changes. For Bromeliaceae, there are conflicting reports on a very limited number of species on the functional importance of this step change compared with gradual changes (ontogenetic drift). Studying a large set of species should allow more general conclusions. Seventeen homoblastic and heteroblastic species from Panama were investigated, including the entire size range of most species. Measurements included functionally relevant anatomical (water storage tissue), morphological (stomatal and trichome densities) and physiological parameters (transpiration rates, nutrient uptake rates). Size-related variation in all parameters was common, but evidence for a step change in the studied parameters could not be detected in any of the heteroblastic species. Our results caused us to question the widely held view of the course of the ontogenetic development in heteroblastic bromeliads and their functional implications. These findings suggest that the possible functional relevance of heteroblasty in bromeliads require rethinking and future investigations should employ a comparative approach with both homoblastic and heteroblastic species and including the entire size range to account for ontogenetic drift. C1 [Meisner, Kerstin; Winkler, Uwe; Zotz, Gerhard] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Biol & Umweltwissensch, AG Funkt Okol, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. [Zotz, Gerhard] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Zotz, G (reprint author), Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Biol & Umweltwissensch, AG Funkt Okol, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. EM gerhard.zotz@uni-oldenburg.de FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [GZ ZO 94/4-1] FX We thank the Republic of Panama for permits (SE/P-5-19) and the staff of STRI, especially of Barro Colorado Island and Fortuna (Carlos A. Espinosa), for general support. Thanks also to Alischa Stabner (University Oldenburg) for patiently counting trichomes for many hours. This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (GZ ZO 94/4-1). NR 43 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 30 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-4408 J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL JI Funct. Plant Biol. PY 2013 VL 40 IS 3 BP 251 EP 262 DI 10.1071/FP12201 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 104PD UT WOS:000316005700005 ER PT B AU Martinsen, ES Perkins, SL AF Martinsen, Ellen S. Perkins, Susan L. BE Carlton, JM Perkins, SL Deitsch, KW TI The Diversity of Plasmodium and other Haemosporidians: The Intersection of Taxonomy, Phylogenetics and Genomics SO MALARIA PARASITES: COMPARATIVE GENOMICS , EVOLUTION AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HUMAN MALARIA PARASITE; RNA GENE-SEQUENCES; CYTOCHROME-B; AVIAN BLOOD; FALCIPARUM; DIAGNOSTICS; LIZARDS; DNA; HAEMOPROTEIDAE; SPOROZOITES AB As important agents of disease, a great deal of research has been focused on the malaria parasites. Yet the species that infect humans represent only a small fraction of the diversity of the malaria parasites, and future genomics projects on closely related parasite species with diverse life histories and other key traits will likely serve as important steps to a better understanding of malaria in humans as well as the biology of the group as a whole. Before comparative studies can be performed, however, a robust phylogeny or understanding of the evolutionary history of the group must be in place. The history of the discovery and classification of the malaria parasites has been a long and sometimes circuitous one and while new species surely remain to be discovered, it is important that we continue to adhere to taxonomic principles. Recent advances in molecular systematics have both challenged and enlightened our understanding of the diversity and evolution of these organisms, though the development of new molecular markers still remains a challenge and genome sequencing faces unique hurdles. C1 [Martinsen, Ellen S.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Perkins, Susan L.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Sackler Inst Comparat Genom, New York, NY 10024 USA. RP Martinsen, ES (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM ellensarah.martinsen@gmail.com; perkins@amnh.org NR 56 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 8 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-908230-07-2 PY 2013 BP 1 EP 15 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology GA BDY05 UT WOS:000315604200001 ER PT J AU Szlavecz, K Pitz, SL Bernard, MJ Xia, LJ O'Neill, JP Chang, CH McCormick, MK Whigham, DF AF Szlavecz, Katalin Pitz, Scott L. Bernard, Michael J. Xia, Lijun O'Neill, John P. Chang, Chih-Han McCormick, Melissa K. Whigham, Dennis F. TI Manipulating earthworm abundance using electroshocking in deciduous forests SO PEDOBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Earthworm manipulation; Electroshocking; Deciduous forests ID NORTH TEMPERATE FORESTS; EXOTIC EARTHWORMS; OCTET-METHOD; POPULATIONS; INVASION; RESPIRATION; EXTRACTION; EFFICACY; FIELD AB Earthworms influence the biotic and abiotic characteristics of soils, but studying these effects in situ is challenging. Secondary forests in the Mid-Atlantic have abundant earthworm communities. To investigate the interaction of earthworms with the below- and aboveground part of the ecosystem, we manipulated earthworm densities in 1 m(2) enclosures located at 12 study sites within four different-aged forest stands at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center (SERC) in Maryland, USA. The treatment plots were created by trenching around the perimeter and lining the trenches with fiberglass mesh before backfilling. Two types of untrenched plots served as control and leaf litter treatment plots. Enclosures were electroshocked between four and nine times over a two-year period to remove earthworms and to compare densities among treatment and untrenched plots. Earthworms were weighed and identified to determine whether removal by electroshocking varied depending on body size or ecological grouping. Earthworm abundances were 30-50% lower in reduced-density enclosures than in high density enclosures; however, the efficiency of the exclusion treatments varied by earthworm size and ecological group. Manipulating earthworm populations in temperate forests to assess their influence on ecological functions is feasible using electroshocking, but careful planning is essential given the amount of effort required to set up and maintain the desired experimental conditions. (C) 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Szlavecz, Katalin; Pitz, Scott L.; Bernard, Michael J.; Xia, Lijun; Chang, Chih-Han] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [O'Neill, John P.; McCormick, Melissa K.; Whigham, Dennis F.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Szlavecz, K (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM szlavecz@jhu.edu OI Szlavecz, Katalin/0000-0003-2504-0298; Whigham, Dennis/0000-0003-1488-820X FU USDA-CSREES NRI program [2007-35320-18375]; NSF (ERC-MIRTHE); Microsoft Research FX This study was supported by grants from the USDA-CSREES NRI program (2007-35320-18375), NSF (ERC-MIRTHE) and Microsoft Research. Alex Szalay designed and built the electroshocking equipment. Razvan Musaloiu-Elefteri, Douglas Carlson and Andreas Terzis helped setting up the wireless sensor network. Two anonymous reviewers provided helpful criticism to earlier versions of the manuscript. Thanks are due to many undergraduates and SERC volunteers for their help during the electroshocking campaigns. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0031-4056 J9 PEDOBIOLOGIA JI Pedobiologia PY 2013 VL 56 IS 1 BP 33 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.pedobi.2012.08.008 PG 8 WC Ecology; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA 098KF UT WOS:000315547500005 ER PT J AU Deng, T Zhang, DG Liu, ZW Tucker, GC Sun, H Wen, J Nie, ZL AF Deng, Tao Zhang, Dai-Gui Liu, Zhiwei Tucker, Gordon C. Sun, Hang Wen, Jun Nie, Ze-Long TI Oxalis wulingensis (Oxalidaceae), an Unusual New Species from Central China SO SYSTEMATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE chromosome number; ITS; molecular phylogeny; Wuling Mountains ID HUNAN; ASTERACEAE; TUBEROSA; ORIGINS; HUBEI; DNA AB Oxalis wulingensis, an unusual new species of Oxalidaceae from Hunan and Hubei provinces of central China, is described and illustrated. Placement of this species within Oxalis was assessed based on DNA analyses of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and morphological comparisons with related species. This new species can be easily distinguished by its long, obtriangular leaflets, the two lateral ones arranged at a 180 angle and densely pubescent with brown, villous hairs on both surfaces, pink flowers with lilac veins, and apex of petals obtuse or irregularly denticulate with 3-5 teeth. The chromosome number is 2n = 22. With the addition of O. wulingensis, which is the only species endemic to China, a total of seven native Oxalis occur in the country. A taxonomic key to all Chinese species of Oxalis is also provided. C1 [Deng, Tao; Sun, Hang; Nie, Ze-Long] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Biodivers & Biogeog, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Deng, Tao; Zhang, Dai-Gui] Jishou Univ, Key Lab Plant Resources Conservat & Utilizat, Jishou 416000, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Liu, Zhiwei; Tucker, Gordon C.] Eastern Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Charleston, IL 61920 USA. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Nie, ZL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Biodivers & Biogeog, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. EM niezl@mail.kib.ac.cn RI Nie, Ze-Long/N-8471-2015 OI Nie, Ze-Long/0000-0001-8065-3981 FU Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC 30970193, 31061160184]; National Nature Science & Technology Infrastructure Project of Ministry of Science and Technology [2005DKA21404] FX We thank Kai Wen and Xiao-Shuang Zhang for making the illustrations, Profs. Qin-Er Yang and Jing-Yi Pang for identifying specimens, and Drs. Amy Eisenberg and Jian-Wen Zhang for comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC 30970193, 31061160184), and the National Nature Science & Technology Infrastructure Project of Ministry of Science and Technology (Grant no. 2005DKA21404). NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC PLANT TAXONOMISTS PI LARAMIE PA UNIV WYOMING, DEPT BOTANY 3165, 1000 E UNIVERSITY AVE, LARAMIE, WY 82071 USA SN 0363-6445 J9 SYST BOT JI Syst. Bot. PD JAN-MAR PY 2013 VL 38 IS 1 BP 154 EP 161 DI 10.1600/036364413X661953 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA 096UB UT WOS:000315428700019 ER PT S AU Lung, F Potvin, G Sonnert, G Sadler, PM AF Lung, Florin Potvin, Geoff Sonnert, Gerhard Sadler, Phillip M. BE Engelhardt, PV Churukian, AD Rebello, NS TI Welcome To America, Welcome To College: Comparing The Effects Of Immigrant Generation And College Generation On Physical Science and Engineering Career Intentions SO 2012 PHYSICS EDUCATION RESEARCH CONFERENCE SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Physics Education Research Conference on Cultural Perspectives on Learners' Performance and Identity in Physics CY AUG 01-02, 2012 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Assoc Phys Teachers DE career choice; college generation; immigrant generation; correspondence analysis AB Students enter college with social, cultural, and economic resources (well described Bourdieus concepts of habitus and capital) that significantly impact their goals, actions, and successes. Two important determinants of the amount and type of resources available to students are their immigrant generation and college generation status. Drawing on a national sample of 6860 freshmen enrolled in college English, we compare and contrast the effects of immigrant generation with those of college generation status on physical science and engineering career intentions to explore some of the challenges faced by the first in the family to become an American and/or go to college. C1 [Lung, Florin; Potvin, Geoff] Clemson Univ, Dept Engn & Sci Educ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Sonnert, Gerhard; Sadler, Phillip M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Sci Educ Dept, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Lung, F (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Engn & Sci Educ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM florinlung@gmail.com; gpotvin@clemson.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1134-0 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2013 VL 1513 BP 270 EP 273 DI 10.1063/1.4789704 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA BDU92 UT WOS:000315023900067 ER PT J AU Crowell, AL Howell, WK AF Crowell, Aron L. Howell, Wayne K. TI TIME, ORAL TRADITION, AND ARCHAEOLOGY AT XAKWNOOWU, A LITTLE ICE AGE FORT IN SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA SO AMERICAN ANTIQUITY LA English DT Article ID NORTH PACIFIC COAST; LANDSCAPE; WARFARE; HISTORY; INUIT; PERSPECTIVES; ORGANIZATION; PREHISTORY; ANTIQUITY; KNOWLEDGE AB As a linguistic medium, oral tradition conveys rich and specific detail about past events but is also subject to alteration in the course of transmission. between generations. As a source for indigenous history, spoken heritage is characteristically specific geographic attribution and thus definitive of cultural landscapes, but it is temporally under-defined because it is unconstrained by calendrical dates. We consider these qualities in relation to Tlingit oral accounts that refer to Xakwnoowu, an 850-year-old fort in the Glacier Bay region of southeastern Alaska. The site is narratively linked to the origins of Tlingit warfare and of the Kaagwaantaan clan, and remains a landmark of historical. consciousness for contemporary descendants. We apply archaeological and geological evidence to date and verify key oral narratives, finding substantial convergence with scientific data and a complementarity of perspective that potentiates fuller understandings of both Tlingit history and environmental change during the Little Ice Age. We conclude that the historicity of oral tradition a topic of wide current debate is clearly demonstrated at Xakwnoowu, although instances of chronological compression are revealed by the analysis. C1 [Crowell, Aron L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Arctic Studies Ctr, Alaska Off, Anchorage, AK 99510 USA. [Howell, Wayne K.] Glacier Bay Natl Pk & Preserve, Gustavus, AK 99826 USA. RP Crowell, AL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Arctic Studies Ctr, Alaska Off, Anchorage, AK 99510 USA. EM crowella@si.edu; wayne_howell@nps.gov NR 98 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 22 PU SOC AMER ARCHAEOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 900 SECOND ST., NE STE 12, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-3557 USA SN 0002-7316 J9 AM ANTIQUITY JI Am. Antiq. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 78 IS 1 BP 3 EP 23 PG 21 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA 083RZ UT WOS:000314484200001 ER PT J AU Finkbeiner, DP Su, M Weniger, C AF Finkbeiner, Douglas P. Su, Meng Weniger, Christoph TI Is the 130 GeV line real? A search for systematics in the Fermi-LAT data SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE gamma ray detectors; dark matter experiments; cosmic ray experiments; gamma ray experiments ID DARK-MATTER; ANNIHILATION; CANDIDATES; PHOTONS AB Our recent claims of a Galactic center feature in Fermi-LAT data at approximately 130 GeV have motivated a large number of papers proposing explanations ranging from dark matter annihilation to monoenergetic pulsar winds. Because of the importance of such interpretations for physics and astrophysics, a discovery will require not only additional data, but a thorough investigation of possible LAT systematics. While we do not have access to the details of each event reconstruction, we do have information about each event from the public event lists and spacecraft parameter files. These data allow us to search for suspicious trends that could indicate a spurious signal. We consider several hypotheses that might make an instrumental artifact more apparent at the Galactic center, and find them implausible. We also search for an instrumental signature in the Earth limb photons, which provide a smooth reference spectrum for null tests. We find no significant 130 GeV feature in the Earth limb sample. However, we do find a marginally significant 130 GeV feature in Earth limb photons with a limited range of detector incidence angles. This raises concerns about the 130 GeV Galactic center feature, even though we can think of no plausible model of instrumental behavior that connects the two. A modest amount of additional limb data would tell us if the limb feature is a statistical fluke. If the limb feature persists, it would raise doubts about the Pass 7 processing of E > 100 GeV events. At present we find no instrumental systematics that could plausibly explain the excess Galactic center emission at 130 GeV. C1 [Finkbeiner, Douglas P.; Su, Meng] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Finkbeiner, Douglas P.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Fundamental Laws Nat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Su, Meng] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Su, Meng] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Weniger, Christoph] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. RP Finkbeiner, DP (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St,MS 51, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM dfinkbeiner@cfa.harvard.edu; mengsu@cfa.harvard.edu; weniger@mpp.mpg.de RI Su, Meng/J-4211-2013 FU NASA Fermi Guest Investigator Program; NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship [PF2-130102]; Chandra X-ray Center; NASA [NAS8-03060]; European 1231 Union [PITN-CA-20-11-289/112] FX We thank Neal Weiner, Dan Hooper, and Jesse Thaler for helpful discussions. We acknowledge the use of public data from the Fermi data archive at http://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/ssc/. M.S. and D.P.F. are partially supported by the NASA Fermi Guest Investigator Program. Support for the work of M.S. was provided by NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship grant number PF2-130102 awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. C.W. acknowledges partial support from the European 1231 Union FP7 ITN INVISIBLES (Marie Curie Actions, PITN-CA-20-11-289/112). This research made use of the NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) and the IDL Astronomy User's Library at Goddard (available at http://idlastro.gsfc.nasa.gov). NR 56 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD JAN PY 2013 IS 1 AR 029 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2013/01/029 PG 31 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA 086EE UT WOS:000314665600029 ER PT J AU Loss, SR Hueffmeier, RM Hale, CM Host, GE Sjerven, G Frelich, LE AF Loss, Scott R. Hueffmeier, Ryan M. Hale, Cindy M. Host, George E. Sjerven, Gerald Frelich, Lee E. TI Earthworm Invasions in Northern Hardwood Forests: a Rapid Assessment Method SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE earthworm sampling methods; invasive earthworms; Lumbricus rubellus; Lumbricus terrestris; northern hardwood forests ID GROUND-NESTING SONGBIRDS; SAMPLING METHODS; BOREAL FORESTS; NONNATIVE EARTHWORMS; EXOTIC EARTHWORMS; REGIONAL EXTENT; ORGANIC-MATTER; POPULATIONS; LUMBRICIDAE; EXTRACTION AB Non-native earthworm invasions in north-temperate North America cause substantial adverse effects to hardwood forest ecosystems. Quantification of invasions is necessary for understanding impacts and identifying remnant earthworm-free areas, but existing sampling techniques are effort-intensive and/or environmentally damaging. We: (1) developed and applied a protocol that allows rapid classification of earthworm invasion into five stages based primarily on visual assessment of the forest floor, (2) sampled earthworms to test whether the protocol's stages can predict invasion by different species, and (3) assessed relationships between individual forest floor characteristics and presence of different earthworm species. Based on differences in biomass among points assigned to different stages, the 5-stage classification protocol accurately identified the onset of invasion by Lumbricus rubellus and Lumbricus terrestris, the species of greatest management concern in the northern Midwest. Except for middens as a predictor of L. terrestris presence, no forest floor variable was useful by itself for assessing invasions. The 5-stage protocol provides an efficient approach for assessing earthworm invasions in hardwood forests of the U.S. northern Midwest, can be implemented with minimal training, and serves as a blueprint for similar protocols in other regions experiencing earthworm invasions. C1 [Loss, Scott R.] Univ Minnesota, Conservat Biol Grad Program, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Hueffmeier, Ryan M.; Hale, Cindy M.; Host, George E.; Sjerven, Gerald] Univ Minnesota, Nat Resources Res Inst, Duluth, MN 55811 USA. [Frelich, Lee E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Loss, SR (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, Natl Zool Pk,POB 37012,MRC 5503, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM LossS@si.edu RI Loss, Scott/B-1504-2014; OI Frelich, Lee/0000-0002-9052-7070 FU American Museum of Natural History; Bell Museum of Natural History; Dayton-Wilkie Foundation; Explorers Club; Great Lakes Worm Watch; Minnesota Department of Natural Resources; Minnesota Ornithologists' Union; Natural Resources Research Institute; U.S. Forest Service - Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest; Wisconsin Society for Ornithology; University of Minnesota Graduate School Fellowship; NSF IGERT grant: Risk Analysis for Introduced Species and Genotypes [NSF DGE-0653827]; Coastal Zone Management Act, by NOAA's Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management; Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota Resources; Minnesota's Lake Superior Coastal Program FX Research was funded by the American Museum of Natural History, Bell Museum of Natural History, Dayton-Wilkie Foundation, The Explorers Club, Great Lakes Worm Watch, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, Minnesota Ornithologists' Union, Natural Resources Research Institute, U.S. Forest Service - Chequamegon-Nicolet National Forest, and Wisconsin Society for Ornithology. S.R.L. was supported by a University of Minnesota Graduate School Fellowship and an NSF IGERT grant: Risk Analysis for Introduced Species and Genotypes (NSF DGE-0653827). R.M.H. was supported in part under the Coastal Zone Management Act, by NOAA's Office of Ocean and Coastal Resource Management, in cooperation with Minnesota's Lake Superior Coastal Program, and also by the Legislative-Citizen Commission on Minnesota Resources. We thank C. Hakseth, L. Lambert, J. Mulligan, M. Sharrow, S.S. Loss, L. Olson, E. Wartman, A. Alness, N. Vander Heiden, M. Hueffmeier, E. Feichtinger, Z. Toland, C. Wright, K. Jeager, J. Johnson and the Minnesota Conservation Corps for field assistance. We also thank R.B. Blair, D.E. Andersen, P. Bolstad, H. Hansen, A. Holdsworth, and B. Sietz for guidance, L. Parker and M. Brzeskiewicz for logistical support, and the Cable Natural History Museum and Minnesota North Shore State Parks for housing and office. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 53 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA SN 0885-8608 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 33 IS 1 BP 21 EP 30 PG 10 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 075YB UT WOS:000313922000003 ER PT J AU Didham, RK Edwards, OR Leather, SR Basset, Y AF Didham, Raphael K. Edwards, Owain R. Leather, Simon R. Basset, Yves TI Arthropod diversity and the future of all-taxa inventories SO INSECT CONSERVATION AND DIVERSITY LA English DT Editorial Material ID COMMUNITY ECOLOGY; TAXONOMY; ENLIGHTENMENT; IMPEDIMENT; PHENOMICS; FOREST; WILL C1 [Didham, Raphael K.; Edwards, Owain R.] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Ctr Environm & Life Sci, Floreat, WA, Australia. [Didham, Raphael K.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Anim Biol, Crawley, WA, Australia. [Leather, Simon R.] Harper Adams Univ, Dept Crop & Environm Sci, Newport, Shrops, England. [Basset, Yves] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Didham, RK (reprint author), CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Ctr Environm & Life Sci, Floreat, WA, Australia. RI Edwards, Owain/B-9707-2008; Didham, Raphael/B-5953-2011; Basset, Yves/B-6642-2014; OI Leather, Simon/0000-0003-3007-8514 NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1752-458X EI 1752-4598 J9 INSECT CONSERV DIVER JI Insect. Conserv. Divers. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 6 IS 1 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1111/icad.12022 PG 4 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Entomology GA 075JC UT WOS:000313880200001 ER PT J AU Veijalainen, A Saaksjarvi, IE Erwin, TL Gomez, IC Longino, JT AF Veijalainen, Anu Saaksjarvi, Ilari E. Erwin, Terry L. Gomez, Isrrael C. Longino, John T. TI Subfamily composition of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) from western Amazonia: Insights into diversity of tropical parasitoid wasps SO INSECT CONSERVATION AND DIVERSITY LA English DT Article DE Abundance; canopy; idiobiont; koinobiont; Neotropics; parasitoid wasps; tropical rain forest ID SPECIES-RICHNESS; LATITUDINAL GRADIENT; COSTA-RICA; BIODIVERSITY; FOREST; PIMPLINAE; GENERA; INTEGRATION; PATTERNS; INSECTS AB . 1. Previous studies have found the parasitoid wasp family Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) to have an exceptional latitudinal species richness gradient that peaks at mid-latitudes instead of the tropics; however, insufficient tropical sampling and species description may have biased the conclusions. It has been unclear which subfamilies might be species rich in tropical lowland rain forests. 2. This study reports the subfamily abundance composition of a large ichneumonid data set (>30 000 individuals in 20 subfamilies) collected by Malaise traps and insecticidal canopy fogging in Amazonian Ecuador and Peru and suggests which subfamilies would be important for future study. 3. Relative abundance data from one Peruvian site are compared to similar lowland samples from Costa Rica and Georgia (USA). 4. Contrary to a common assumption, a number of ichneumonid subfamilies are very abundant and presumably species rich in western Amazonia. Cryptinae and Orthocentrinae are noticeably the two most abundant subfamilies, and a number of koinobiont lepidopteran parasitoids, which are generally thought to be scarce in the tropics, are also surprisingly abundant (e.g. Anomaloninae, Banchinae and Cremastinae). However, the subfamilies whose primary hosts are rare in the tropics (e.g. Ctenopelmatinae, Tryphoninae) can still be expected to be more diverse in the temperate than in tropical zone. 5. Further research on the latitudinal species richness gradient within different ichneumonid subfamilies is encouraged to help understand what factors determine macroecological species richness patterns and what is the total number of ichneumonid species on earth. C1 [Veijalainen, Anu] Univ Turku, Zool Museum, Dept Biol, Sect Biodivers & Environm Sci, FI-20014 Turku, Finland. [Erwin, Terry L.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Longino, John T.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Veijalainen, A (reprint author), Univ Turku, Zool Museum, Dept Biol, Sect Biodivers & Environm Sci, FI-20014 Turku, Finland. EM anuvei@utu.fi FU Smithsonian Institution; Finnish Society of Forest Science; Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation; University of Turku Foundation; Finnish Cultural Foundation; Biological Society of Finland Vanamo; Ministry of Education (Biological Interactions Graduate School); Entomological Society of Finland; Kone Foundation; Amazon Conservation Association ACCA-Peru; Centre for International Mobility (CIMO); National Science Foundation [DEB-0640015] FX The authors want to thank the Smithsonian Institution for awarding a Graduate Student Fellowship, the Finnish Society of Forest Science, Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation and the University of Turku Foundation for providing personal funding, and the Finnish Cultural Foundation and the Biological Society of Finland Vanamo for travel grants to Anu Veijalainen. The Ministry of Education (Biological Interactions Graduate School) and the Entomological Society of Finland provided personal funding for Ilari E. Saaksjarvi during the NRAM inventories. Kone Foundation grant (Biodiversity and multiple trophic interactions) awarded to Ilari E. Saaksjarvi supported tropical parasitoid research. The Peruvian research and exportation permits were given by the Ministry of Agriculture (Peru). The Amazon Conservation Association ACCA-Peru and the Centre for International Mobility (CIMO) contributed financially to Isrrael C. Gomez's work. John T. Longino was supported by National Science Foundation grant DEB-0640015 (Project LLAMA). Reijo Jussila and Ian D. Gauld participated in the identification of the NRAM specimens, and several interns were of great help with preparing the specimens at the Zoological Museum, University of Turku. We also thank the two anonymous referees for their comments on the manuscript. NR 73 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1752-458X EI 1752-4598 J9 INSECT CONSERV DIVER JI Insect. Conserv. Divers. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 6 IS 1 BP 28 EP 37 DI 10.1111/j.1752-4598.2012.00185.x PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Entomology GA 075JC UT WOS:000313880200004 ER PT J AU Peters, VE Carroll, CR Cooper, RJ Greenberg, R Solis, M AF Peters, Valerie E. Carroll, C. Ronald Cooper, Robert J. Greenberg, Russell Solis, Manuel TI The contribution of plant species with a steady-state flowering phenology to native bee conservation and bee pollination services SO INSECT CONSERVATION AND DIVERSITY LA English DT Article DE Agroforestry systems; bees; ecosystem service; phenology; pollination; steady-state ID TROPICAL AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; COFFEA-CANEPHORA; EUGLOSSINE BEES; BIODIVERSITY; MANAGEMENT; FOREST; BIRDS; FRUIT; HYMENOPTERA AB . 1. Neotropical organisms have evolved in an environment of relatively low temporal variation in food availability, but when neotropical forests are converted to agriculture, the temporal patchiness of food resources is increased. Plant species with a continuous (i.e. steady-state) flowering/fruiting phenology are unique to the tropics and may more evenly distribute food resources temporally in agroecosystems. 2. Here, we test the effects of an experimentally planted supplemental steady-state floral resource, Hamelia patens Jacq., on bee diversity and pollination services in coffee agroforests. In addition, we evaluate effects of the steady-state resource during low-density and mass coffee blooms. 3. Malaise trap data indicated that bee species density was significantly higher in coffee agroforests with the supplemental steady-state floral resources [11.89 +/- 1.62 (SE)] compared to those without (8.88 +/- 1.10). 4. The steady-state floral resource had a negative impact on native bee visits to coffee flowers and a positive impact on Apis mellifera visits to coffee flowers (e.g. during low-density blooms agroforests with steady-state resources had 76% fewer native bee and 130% more A. mellifera visits to coffee flowers). Although coffee initial fruit set rates were higher across all agroforests during low-density blooms (0.74 +/- 0.03) compared to the mass bloom (0.59 +/- 0.03), steady-state floral resources did not affect initial fruit set rates (Z = -1.05, P = 0.29). 5. Our results suggest that plants with a steady-state phenology can provide more reliable resources for bees, supporting the conservation of wild bees in agroforests. However, steady-state flowering may draw native bees away from the focal crop, especially during low-density flowering. C1 [Peters, Valerie E.; Carroll, C. Ronald] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Cooper, Robert J.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Greenberg, Russell] Smithsonian Inst, Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Solis, Manuel] Natl Inst Biodivers INBio, Santo Domingo De Heredia, Costa Rica. RP Peters, VE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, 3001 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM cazamosca@gmail.com FU EarthWatch Institute FX This research was supported by grants from the EarthWatch Institute. We thank M. Brody, R. Rojas, the Earthwatch Volunteers, and the farmers (O. Salazar, A. Vega, G. Lobo, R. Leiton, O. Ramirez, and O. Garro) for their hospitality and allowing us not only access to their farms, but also to perform experimental manipulations. We also thank S. M. Philpott and two anonymous reviewers who provided helpful comments on a previous version of the manuscript. NR 55 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 84 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1752-458X J9 INSECT CONSERV DIVER JI Insect. Conserv. Divers. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 6 IS 1 BP 45 EP 56 DI 10.1111/j.1752-4598.2012.00189.x PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Entomology GA 075JC UT WOS:000313880200006 ER PT J AU Burns, JM Janzen, DH Hallwachs, W Hajibabaei, M AF Burns, John M. Janzen, Daniel H. Hallwachs, Winnie Hajibabaei, Mehrdad TI DNA BARCODES REVEAL YET ANOTHER NEW SPECIES OF VENADA (LEPIDOPTERA: HESPERIIDAE) IN NORTHWESTERN COSTA RICA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE genitalia (male and female); foodplants; Lauraceae; Ocotea hartshorniana; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; variation; caterpillar ID SKIPPER BUTTERFLIES AB DNA barcodes provided the first clue to Venada lamella Burns, new species. This is the fifth species of the panneotropical but formerly monotypic genus Venada to be discovered on Volcan Cacao, a small volcano in Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (ACG) in northwestern Costa Rica. Two adult females of this skipper butterfly were reared from caterpillars feeding on a species of Ocotea (Lauraceae). The skipper's ACG congeners have been reared in large numbers and found to eat plants not only in Ocotea but also in five other lauraceous genera. One adult male of V lamella was taken at black light on adjacent Volcan Orosi. Barcodes clearly associate the sexes and widely separate all five species of Venada in a neighbor-joining tree. Interspecific barcode differences range from about 4.5% to about 8.3%. Traditional taxonomic characters (facies, male and female genitalia) distinguish V lamella from its congeners and reinforce the barcode data. Since V lamella inhabits rainforest, and its congeners in ACG inhabit rainforest and cloud forest, and since genus Venada is panneotropical, it probably comprises many more species than are currently recognized. Although five species have been described from a limited area within ACG, their geographic distributions are undoubtedly more extensive. C1 [Burns, John M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Janzen, Daniel H.; Hallwachs, Winnie] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Hajibabaei, Mehrdad] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Biodivers Inst Ontario, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. RP Burns, JM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, POB 37012,MRC 127, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM burnsj@si.edu; mhajibab@uoguelph.ca FU U.S. National Science Foundation [BSR 9024770, DEB 9306296, 9400829, 9705072, 0072730, 0515699]; Wege Foundation; International Conservation Fund of Canada; Jessie B. Cox Charitable Trust; Blue Moon Fund; Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; University of Pennsylvania; Government of Canada through Genome Canada; Ontario Genomics Institute; NSERC Canada FX We thank the following individuals in the Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC: Kane Darrow for photographs (Figs. 1-4 and 10-16) and assembly of figures, Young Sohn for drawings (Figs. 5-9), and Donald Harvey for genitalia dissections. Supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grants BSR 9024770 and DEB 9306296, 9400829, 9705072, 0072730, 0515699, and grants from the Wege Foundation, International Conservation Fund of Canada, Jessie B. Cox Charitable Trust, Blue Moon Fund, Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund, Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, and University of Pennsylvania (DHJ and WH); by the Government of Canada through Genome Canada and the Ontario Genomics Institute, and by NSERC Canada (MN). NR 13 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 9 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 115 IS 1 BP 37 EP 47 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.115.1.37 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 088SX UT WOS:000314858500003 ER PT J AU Miller, SE Hrcek, J Novotny, V Weiblen, GD Hebert, PDN AF Miller, Scott E. Hrcek, Jan Novotny, Vojtech Weiblen, George D. Hebert, Paul D. N. TI DNA barcodes of caterpillars (Lepidoptera) from Papua New Guinea SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Miller, Scott E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hrcek, Jan; Novotny, Vojtech] Univ S Bohemia, Fac Sci, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic. [Hrcek, Jan; Novotny, Vojtech] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Ctr Biol, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic. [Weiblen, George D.] Univ Minnesota, Bell Museum, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Weiblen, George D.] 250 Biol Sci Ctr, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Hebert, Paul D. N.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Hebert, Paul D. N.] Univ Guelph, Biodivers Inst Ontario, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. RP Miller, SE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,MRC 105, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM millers@si.edu RI Hebert, Paul/C-4161-2013; Novotny, Vojtech/G-9434-2014; Hrcek, Jan/D-7335-2015; OI Hebert, Paul/0000-0002-3081-6700; Novotny, Vojtech/0000-0001-7918-8023; Hrcek, Jan/0000-0003-0711-6447; Miller, Scott/0000-0002-4138-1378 NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 20 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 115 IS 1 BP 107 EP 109 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.115.1.107 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 088SX UT WOS:000314858500010 ER PT J AU Lewis, CS AF Lewis, Cathleen S. TI The Cosmonaut Who Couldn't Stop Smiling: The Life and Legend of Yuri Gagarin SO RUSSIAN REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 [Lewis, Cathleen S.] Smithsonian Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC USA. RP Lewis, CS (reprint author), Smithsonian Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0036-0341 J9 RUSS REV JI Russ. Rev. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 72 IS 1 BP 170 EP 171 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 075HL UT WOS:000313875300032 ER PT J AU Pogue, MG AF Pogue, Michael G. TI A review of the Paectes arcigera species complex (Guenee) (Lepidoptera, Euteliidae) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Taxonomy; new species; Brazilian peppertree; Schinus terebinthifolius; Anacardiaceae; invasive species; new host records ID FLORIDA AB Five new species of Paectes Hubner [1818] related to Paectes arcigera (Guenee) (Puerto Rico, U. S. Virgin Islands, British Virgin Islands, Guadeloupe, Dominica, St. Lucia, Trinidad) and P. longiformis Pogue (Brazil) are described: P. asper sp. n. (Florida, Bahamas, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Jamaica, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, British Virgin Islands, U. S. Virgin Islands, Dominica, Colombia), P. medialba sp. n. (Argentina), P. similis sp. n. (Brazil), P. sinuosa sp. n. (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay), and P. tumida sp. n. (Colombia, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana). Adults and genitalia are illustrated for all species. Taxonomic changes include the rev. stat. of P. nana (Walker) (Florida, Greater Antilles, Mexico, Guatemala, Galapagos) as a valid species and revised synonyms P. indefatigabilis Schaus and P. isabel Schaus as junior synonyms of P. nana instead of P. arcigera. New host records for P. sinuosa and P. nana reared on Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, Anacardiaceae) are presented. The holotype and female genitalia of P. obrotunda (Guenee) are illustrated. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, ARS,USDA,NMNH, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Pogue, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, ARS,USDA,NMNH, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM michael.pogue@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2013 IS 264 SI SI BP 125 EP 163 DI 10.3897/zookeys.264.3274 PG 39 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 086KW UT WOS:000314683500007 PM 23730180 ER PT J AU Metzler, EH Knudson, EC Poole, RW Lafontaine, JD Pogue, MG AF Metzler, Eric H. Knudson, Edward C. Poole, Robert W. Lafontaine, J. Donald Pogue, Michael G. TI A review of the genus Ogdoconta Butler (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Condicinae, Condicini) from North America north of Mexico with descriptions of three new species SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Review DE Biological diversity; Condicinae; Condicini; Arizona; New Mexico; Texas; Ogdoconta; Carlsbad Caverns National Park; Louisiana; Mississippi; Florida AB The species of the genus Ogdoconta Butler, 1891 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Condicinae, Condicini) from North America north of Mexico are reviewed, and a description of the genus is given. Ogdoconta satana Metzler, Knudson & Poole, sp. n., is described from New Mexico and Texas, Ogdoconta rufipenna Metzler, Knudson & Poole, sp. n., is described from Arizona, and Ogdoconta fergusoni Metzler & Lafontaine, sp. n., is described from Florida, Mississippi, and Louisiana. A key to the species of Ogdoconta of North America north of Mexico is provided. Adult moths and male and female genitalia of Ogdoconta satana, O. rufipenna, O. fergusoni, O. cinereola (Guenee, 1852), O. moreno Barnes, 1907, O. sexta Barnes & McDunnough, 1913, O. altura Barnes, 1904, and O. tacna (Barnes, 1904) are illustrated. C1 [Metzler, Eric H.] USNM Nat Hist Museum, Alamogordo, NM 88311 USA. [Knudson, Edward C.] Texas Lepidoptera Survey, Houston, TX 77055 USA. [Poole, Robert W.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Lafontaine, J. Donald] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Canadian Natl Collect Insects Arachnids & Nematod, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Pogue, Michael G.] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, ARS,USDA, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Metzler, EH (reprint author), USNM Nat Hist Museum, POB 45, Alamogordo, NM 88311 USA. EM metzlere@msu.edu FU Chihuahuan Desert Conservation Alliance, Carlsbad, NM FX The National Parks Foundation, Washington, DC, the Adopt-A-Bat program, administered by the Carlsbad Caverns-Guadalupe Mountain Association, Carlsbad, NM, and the Chihuahuan Desert Conservation Alliance, Carlsbad, NM all contributed travel funding for the study of Lepidoptera at Carlsbad Caverns National Park. We are grateful for their financial support. Renee West, Supervisory Biologist, Carlsbad Caverns National Park was especially helpful with logistics. Jocelyn Gill provided her special skills in preparation of the figures. Several persons were available for consultation, or made specimens or photographs or data available for study from their institutions or personal collections; Vernon A. Brou, Jr., Richard L. Brown, Charles V. Covell, Jr., Jason J. Dombroskie, Julian P. Donahue, John B. Heppner, E. Richard Hoebeke, Leroy C. Koehn, Jon A. Lewis, James K. Liebherr, Philip D. Perkins, Michele A. Touchet, J. Bruce Walsh, Andrew D. Warren, and Weiping Xie. Martin Honey from the Natural History Museum, London, examined the type of O. cymographa Hampson, 1910, and he placed the Lectotype label on the syntype specimen of Placodes cinereola Guenee, 1852. Patricia A. Metzler faithfully accompanied Metzler on his many collecting trips to Carlsbad Caverns National Park, and she accompanied him on several long driving trips to Washington, DC and other locations for the purpose of identifying specimens. She contributed financially to the study. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2013 IS 264 SI SI BP 165 EP 191 DI 10.3897/zookeys.264.4060 PG 27 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 086KW UT WOS:000314683500008 PM 23717183 ER PT J AU Sharma, S Dutta, T Maldonado, JE Wood, TC Panwar, HS Seidensticker, J AF Sharma, Sandeep Dutta, Trishna Maldonado, Jesus E. Wood, Thomas C. Panwar, Hemendra Singh Seidensticker, John TI Spatial genetic analysis reveals high connectivity of tiger (Panthera tigris) populations in the Satpura-Maikal landscape of Central India SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Central India; connectivity; non-invasive genetic analysis; Panthera tigris; spatial genetics; tiger ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; ALLELE FREQUENCY DATA; CAT FELIS-CATUS; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; WILD TIGERS; DIFFERENTIATION; SOFTWARE; SAMPLES; MICROSATELLITES; ERRORS AB We investigated the spatial genetic structure of the tiger meta-population in the SatpuraMaikal landscape of central India using population- and individual-based genetic clustering methods on multilocus genotypic data from 273 individuals. The SatpuraMaikal landscape is classified as a global-priority Tiger Conservation Landscape (TCL) due to its potential for providing sufficient habitat that will allow the long-term persistence of tigers. We found that the tiger meta-population in the SatpuraMaikal landscape has high genetic variation and very low genetic subdivision. Individual-based Bayesian clustering algorithms reveal two highly admixed genetic populations. We attribute this to forest connectivity and high gene flow in this landscape. However, deforestation, road widening, and mining may sever this connectivity, impede gene exchange, and further exacerbate the genetic division of tigers in central India. C1 [Sharma, Sandeep; Dutta, Trishna; Maldonado, Jesus E.; Seidensticker, John] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Sharma, Sandeep; Dutta, Trishna; Wood, Thomas C.] George Mason Univ, Environm Sci & Policy Dept, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Panwar, Hemendra Singh] Peace Inst Charitable Trust, Delhi 110091, India. RP Sharma, S (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM sandeeps17@gmail.com FU Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI); Friends of the National Zoo (FONZ); Kathryn Fuller Science for Nature Fund of World Wildlife Fund (WWF); International Bear Association (IBA) FX Funding for this study was provided by Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute (SCBI), Friends of the National Zoo (FONZ), Kathryn Fuller Science for Nature Fund of World Wildlife Fund (WWF), and International Bear Association (IBA). NR 68 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 7 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 3 IS 1 BP 48 EP 60 DI 10.1002/ece3.432 PG 13 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 074AJ UT WOS:000313783900004 PM 23403813 ER PT J AU Dick, CW Lewis, SL Maslin, M Bermingham, E AF Dick, Christopher W. Lewis, Simon L. Maslin, Mark Bermingham, Eldredge TI Neogene origins and implied warmth tolerance of Amazon tree species SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Amazon forests; comparative phylogeography; ecological niche models; global change; molecular clock; thermal tolerance; tropical trees ID RAIN-FOREST TREES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BIOGEOGRAPHIC HISTORY; FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; BIOTIC ATTRITION; TROPICAL TREE; DIVERSIFICATION; TEMPERATURE; BIODIVERSITY; PERSPECTIVE AB Tropical rain forest has been a persistent feature in South America for at least 55 similar to million years. The future of the contemporary Amazon forest is uncertain, however, as the region is entering conditions with no past analogue, combining rapidly increasing air temperatures, high atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, possible extreme droughts, and extensive removal and modification by humans. Given the long-term Cenozoic cooling trend, it is unknown whether Amazon forests can tolerate air temperature increases, with suggestions that lowland forests lack warm-adapted taxa, leading to inevitable species losses. In response to this uncertainty, we posit a simple hypothesis: the older the age of a species prior to the Pleistocene, the warmer the climate it has previously survived, with Pliocene (2.65 similar to Ma) and late-Miocene (810 similar to Ma) air temperature across Amazonia being similar to 2100 temperature projections under low and high carbon emission scenarios, respectively. Using comparative phylogeographic analyses, we show that 9 of 12 widespread Amazon tree species have Pliocene or earlier lineages (>2.6 similar to Ma), with seven dating from the Miocene (>5.6 similar to Ma) and three >8 similar to Ma. The remarkably old age of these species suggest that Amazon forests passed through warmth similar to 2100 levels and that, in the absence of other major environmental changes, near-term high temperature-induced mass species extinction is unlikely. C1 [Dick, Christopher W.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Dick, Christopher W.; Bermingham, Eldredge] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa Ancon, Panama. [Lewis, Simon L.] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Earth & Biosphere Inst, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Lewis, Simon L.; Maslin, Mark] UCL, Dept Geog, London WC1E 6BT, England. RP Dick, CW (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 830 N Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM cwdick@umich.edu RI Dick, Christopher/A-8744-2008; OI Lewis, Simon/0000-0002-8066-6851 FU National Science Foundation [DEB 0640379]; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Royal Society; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI); University of Michigan FX We would like to acknowledge the National Science Foundation (DEB 0640379), the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, and the Royal Society for financial support. We thank Y. Mendoza, C. Vergara, E. Rivera-Ocasio, I. Landires, S. Pereira H. Draheim, and Na Wei for assistance in the laboratory; and D. Neill, H. Mogollon, and K. Dexter for help in obtaining samples, and J. Megahan for doing the artwork used in Fig. 3. We thank ANAM (Panama) and the Ministerio del Medio Ambiente (Ecuador) for permits to collect and export plant material. Center for Tropical Forest Sciences (CTFS), STRI, Catholic University of Quito (PUCE) and National Herbarium of Ecuador provided assistance with permits and access to sites. The Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), University of Michigan, National Science Foundation (DEB 0640379 to CD) and the Royal Society (to SLL) provided financial support. NR 43 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 46 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 3 IS 1 BP 162 EP 169 DI 10.1002/ece3.441 PG 8 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 074AJ UT WOS:000313783900013 PM 23404439 ER PT J AU Smith, AR Kapheim, KM Perez-Ortega, B Brent, CS Wcislo, WT AF Smith, Adam R. Kapheim, Karen M. Perez-Ortega, Betzi Brent, Colin S. Wcislo, William T. TI Juvenile hormone levels reflect social opportunities in the facultatively eusocial sweat bee Megalopta genalis (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) SO HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Megalopta genalis; Juvenile hormone; Social dominance; Eusociality; Endocrine physiology ID DIVISION-OF-LABOR; POGONOMYRMEX-CALIFORNICUS; ECUADORIA HYMENOPTERA; ENDOCRINE PHYSIOLOGY; OVARIAN DEVELOPMENT; POLISTES-GALLICUS; BOMBUS-TERRESTRIS; WASP; QUEENS; DOMINANCE AB The evolution of eusociality is hypothesized to have involved de-coupling parental care from reproduction mediated by changes in endocrine regulation. While data for obligately eusocial insects are consistent with this hypothesis, we lack information from species representative of the transition from solitary reproduction to eusociality. Here we report the first evidence for a link between endocrine processes and social behavior in a facultatively eusocial bee, Megalopta genalis (Halictidae). Using females that varied in social, reproductive, and ecological context, we measured juvenile hormone (JH), a major regulator of colony caste dynamics in other eusocial species. JH was low at adult emergence, but elevated after 10 days in all nesting females. Females reared in cages with ad lib nutrition, however, did not elevate JH levels after 10 days. All reproductive females had significantly more JH than all age-matched non-reproductive females, suggesting a gonadotropic function. Among females in established nests, RI was higher in queens than workers and solitary reproductives, suggesting a role for JH in social dominance. A lack of significant differences in JH between solitary reproductives and non-reproductive workers suggests that JH content reflects more than reproductive status. Our data support the hypothesis that endocrine modifications are involved in the evolutionary decoupling of reproductive and somatic effort in social insects. These are the first measurements of JH in a solitary-nesting hymenopteran, and the first to compare eusocial and solitary nesting individuals of the same species. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Smith, Adam R.; Kapheim, Karen M.; Perez-Ortega, Betzi; Wcislo, William T.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Kapheim, Karen M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Brent, Colin S.] USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA. RP Smith, AR (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM arsmith2@gmail.com FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI); general STRI research funds; Short Term Fellowship from STRI; Holmes O. Miller grant from UCLA EEB; Joan Wright Goodman award from American Women in Science; GAANN fellowship from US Department of Education; graduate mentor fellowship from the UCLA Graduate Division; graduate fellowship from the Center for Society 82 Genetics; NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant FX ARS was supported by a post-doctoral fellowship from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) and general STRI research funds to WTW. KMK was supported by a Short Term Fellowship from STRI, a 10-week and pre-doctoral fellowship from the Smithsonian Institution, a Holmes O. Miller grant and a George Bartholomew fellowship from UCLA EEB, a Joan Wright Goodman award from American Women in Science, a GAANN fellowship from US Department of Education, a graduate mentor fellowship from the UCLA Graduate Division, a graduate fellowship from the Center for Society 82 Genetics, and a NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant. Oris Acevedo, Belkys Jimenez, and Orelis Arosemena and the rest of the STRI staff provided valuable logistic support; MJ West-Eberhard and WOH Hughes provided comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. Research on BCI was conducted with permission from the Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente in accordance with the laws of the Republic of Panama. NR 36 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 46 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0018-506X J9 HORM BEHAV JI Horm. Behav. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 63 IS 1 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2012.08.012 PG 4 WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 080QW UT WOS:000314259400001 PM 22986338 ER PT J AU Fraser, WC Batygin, K Brown, ME Bouchez, A AF Fraser, Wesley C. Batygin, Konstantin Brown, Michael E. Bouchez, Antonin TI The mass, orbit, and tidal evolution of the Quaoar-Weywot system SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Adaptive optics; Kuiper Belt; Satellites, Dynamics ID DWARF PLANET HAUMEA; OBJECT 2003 EL61; KUIPER-BELT; SATELLITES; PHOTOMETRY; PLUTO; SIZE; ERIS AB Here we present new adaptive optics observations of the Quaoar-Weywot system. With these new observations we determine an improved system orbit. Due to a 039 day alias that exists in available observations, four possible orbital solutions are available with periods of similar to 11.6, similar to 12.0, similar to 12.4, and similar to 12.8 days. From the possible orbital solutions, system masses of 1.3-1.5 +/- 0.1 x 10(21) kg are found. These observations provide an updated density for Quaoar of 2.7-5.0 g cm(-3). In all cases, Weywot's orbit is eccentric, with possible values similar to 0.13-0.16. We present a reanalysis of the tidal orbital evolution of the Quaoar-Weywot system. We have found that Weywot has probably evolved to a state of synchronous rotation, and has likely preserved its initial inclination over the age of the Solar System. We find that for plausible values of the effective tidal dissipation factor tides produce a very slow evolution of Weywot's eccentricity and semi-major axis. Accordingly, it appears that Weywot's eccentricity likely did not tidally evolve to its current value from an initially circular orbit. Rather, it seems that some other mechanism has raised its eccentricity post-formation, or Weywot formed with a non-negligible eccentricity. Crown Copyright (C) 2012 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Fraser, Wesley C.; Batygin, Konstantin; Brown, Michael E.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Fraser, Wesley C.] Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Batygin, Konstantin] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bouchez, Antonin] Giant Magellan Telescope Observ, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Bouchez, Antonin] Observ Carnegie Inst, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. RP Fraser, WC (reprint author), Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, 5071 W Saanich Rd, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. EM wesley.fraser@nrc.ca FU National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA) [NNX09AB49G] FX W.F. would like to thank Alex Parker for his advice and help in determining correct orbital solutions. The data presented herein were obtained at the W.M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The research upon which this paper is based was supported by National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA) Grant No. NNX09AB49G. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JAN PY 2013 VL 222 IS 1 BP 357 EP 363 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2012.11.004 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 078FT UT WOS:000314084800027 ER PT J AU Alesbury, HS Ubelaker, DH Bernstein, R AF Alesbury, Helen S. Ubelaker, Douglas H. Bernstein, Robin TI Utility of the Frontonasal Suture for Estimating Age at Death in Human Skeletal Remains SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; forensic anthropology; frontonasal suture; age at death estimation; Hershkovitz ratio ID COLLECTION; CLOSURE AB This project evaluated the utility of the frontonasal suture for estimating age at death. Utilizing human remains of known age at death with varying degrees of fusion, curated at the American Museum of Natural History in New York City and the Smithsonian Institutions National Museum of Natural History in Washington, DC, data were collected from the ectocranial surface of 522 crania; 68 of these were sagittally sectioned, allowing collection of internal data and observation of suture closure through the bone. Degree of ectocranial suture closure does not significantly predict age, even when sex and ancestry are accounted for. Suture closure progression data were converted into a Hershkovitz ratio (sum of the measurement of open portion divided by the total suture length), and regression models demonstrate that the effect of age accounts for only 13% of variation in suture closure. C1 [Alesbury, Helen S.; Ubelaker, Douglas H.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Bernstein, Robin] George Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Alesbury, HS (reprint author), 22 High St, Acton, MA 01720 USA. EM h.alesbury@gmail.com FU Lewis N. Cotlow Fund, Department of Anthropology, The George Washington University FX Funded in part by the Lewis N. Cotlow Fund, Department of Anthropology, The George Washington University. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 58 IS 1 BP 104 EP 108 DI 10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02193.x PG 5 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 072YG UT WOS:000313709500015 PM 22621250 ER PT J AU Joss, S Kargon, RH Molella, AP AF Joss, Simon Kargon, Robert H. Molella, Arthur P. TI Special Issue: Eco-Cities in Pan-Asia: International Discourses, Local Practices SO JOURNAL OF URBAN TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Joss, Simon] Univ Westminster, London W1R 8AL, England. [Kargon, Robert H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Molella, Arthur P.] Smithsonian Inst, Lemelson Ctr Study Invent & Innovat, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Joss, S (reprint author), Univ Westminster, London W1R 8AL, England. OI Joss, Simon/0000-0003-2856-4695 NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 22 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1063-0732 J9 J URBAN TECHNOL JI J. Urban Technol. PD JAN 1 PY 2013 VL 20 IS 1 SI SI BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1080/10630732.2012.735408 PG 5 WC Urban Studies SC Urban Studies GA 081VG UT WOS:000314349900001 ER PT J AU Joss, S Molella, AP AF Joss, Simon Molella, Arthur P. TI The Eco-City as Urban Technology: Perspectives on Caofeidian International Eco-City (China) SO JOURNAL OF URBAN TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Eco-City; Techno-City; Technological Urbanism; Urban Sustainability; China; Caofeidian AB Caofeidian International Eco-City, in North-East China, is among several large-scale new eco-city initiatives currently in development across Asia. Built from scratch across an area of 74km2, with an expected population of 800,000 by 2020, the city's plan boasts an abundance of urban sustainability features, from integrated public transport services and advanced water and waste recycling systems, to public parks and an extensive wetland area. This article uses the historical and conceptual perspective of techno-city to analyze the city's urban technology features. It highlights the relationship between the city and its hinterland, discusses the focus on science and technology driving the city's concept, and explores the international, modernist design language used. In doing so, the analysis points to several key tensions and contradictions at work, including a disconnect between the city's green technology focus and the high-carbon heavy industry of the surrounding area, and a lack of engagement with the local culture and community. Caofeidian Eco-City exhibits several features of twentieth-century techno-cities, although these are re-cast within the twenty-first-century context of global climate change policy and China's ongoing rapid urbanization processes. C1 [Joss, Simon] Univ Westminster, Sch Social Sci Humanities & Languages, Dept Polit & Int Relat, London W1T 3UW, England. [Molella, Arthur P.] Smithsonian Inst, Lemelson Ctr, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Joss, S (reprint author), Univ Westminster, Sch Social Sci Humanities & Languages, Dept Polit & Int Relat, 32 Wells St, London W1T 3UW, England. EM josss@westminster.ac.uk OI Joss, Simon/0000-0003-2856-4695 NR 30 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 49 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1063-0732 J9 J URBAN TECHNOL JI J. Urban Technol. PD JAN 1 PY 2013 VL 20 IS 1 SI SI BP 115 EP 137 DI 10.1080/10630732.2012.735411 PG 23 WC Urban Studies SC Urban Studies GA 081VG UT WOS:000314349900008 ER PT J AU Riley, SM AF Riley, Sheila M. TI Indiscretion SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Riley, Sheila M.] Smithsonian Inst Libs, Washington, DC USA. RP Riley, SM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst Libs, Washington, DC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 138 IS 1 BP 82 EP 82 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 067RF UT WOS:000313312100093 ER PT J AU Cox, TE Philippoff, J Baumgartner, E Zabin, CJ Smith, CM AF Cox, Traci Erin Philippoff, Joanna Baumgartner, Erin Zabin, Chela J. Smith, Celia M. TI Spatial and Temporal Variation in Rocky Intertidal Communities along the Main Hawaiian Islands SO PACIFIC SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID KANEOHE BAY; VERTICAL ZONATION; PHYSICAL STRESS; PACIFIC COAST; PATTERNS; ABUNDANCE; SHORE; BARNACLE; RECRUITMENT; HERBIVORY AB Thirteen benthic rocky intertidal communities were quantitatively assessed on Maui, Moloka'i, O'ahu, and Hawai'i Island between the years 2004 and 2007. Our goals were to test for differences in invertebrate and macroalgal abundance and composition to understand how these tropical communities are organized. Percentage cover surveys revealed a diverse intertidal system with 49 macroalgal, 1 cyanobacterial, and 31 invertebrate taxa. Shores were frequently dominated by a few macroalgae and mollusks, and at two sites these organisms were distributed in discrete vertical bands. Common intertidal taxa included the introduced alga Acanthophora spicifera; species in the macroalgal genera Padina, Sargassum, and Laurencia; turf forms of algae; and the mollusks Siphonaria normalis, Nerita picea, and species of littorine snails. Multivariate statistics found community structure to vary among sites and years, but there was lack of evidence for island-specific or substratum-specific assemblages. SIMPROF analysis revealed support for 11 different types of structure. This first description of community-level patterns at multiple intertidal sites along the Main Hawaiian Islands documents substantial spatial variation both among and within shores, as well as substantial temporal variation for select sites. These findings are in contrast to the characterization of a homogeneous tropical system and thus suggest that biotic and abiotic factors in the Main Hawaiian Islands act on a local scale to drive structure. C1 [Cox, Traci Erin; Smith, Celia M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Philippoff, Joanna] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Curriculum Res & Dev Grp, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Baumgartner, Erin] Western Oregon Univ, Dept Biol, Monmouth, OR 97361 USA. [Zabin, Chela J.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA. [Zabin, Chela J.] Univ Calif Davis, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA. RP Cox, TE (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Bot, 3190 Maile Way,Room 101, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM erincox@hawaii.edu FU National Graduate STEM Fellowship [DGE02-32016]; NSF FX This work was supported by a National Graduate STEM Fellowship in K-12 Education DGE02-32016. Manuscript accepted 30 March 2012.; We would like to acknowledge the support of the NSF Graduate STEM Fellowship in K-12 Education to the EECB program with K.Y. Kaneshiro as lead. We thank Brian Popp, Peter Vroom, and Alison Sherwood for early reviews of the manuscript. Also we thank the students at the following Hawai'i schools for collection of data: University Laboratory School, Farrington High, Kalama Intermediate, Kahuku Intermediate, Ho'omana Hou, Assets, Connections, and Waters of Life. We especially thank the teachers who allowed us to enter their classrooms and partnered with us: Mari Tiara, Dawn Bishop, Diane Banks, Brett Kewish, Uilani Lima, Shama Hinard, Juniper Krog, Sara Haney, Nicole Wynick, and Jason Thorpe. We particularly thank Matt Knope for organizing field trips with Assets school at Ma'ili Point and other graduate students and professors in the Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology Program who volunteered as chaperones and researchers on these many field trips. Last, we thank Kelly Boyle who guided us through many statistical analyses. NR 73 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 80 PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS PI HONOLULU PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA SN 0030-8870 J9 PAC SCI JI Pac. Sci. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 67 IS 1 BP 23 EP 45 DI 10.2984/67.1.3 PG 23 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA 077AG UT WOS:000313999700003 ER PT J AU Ascenso, J Lada, CJ Alves, J Roman-Zuniga, CG Lombardi, M AF Ascenso, J. Lada, C. J. Alves, J. Roman-Zuniga, C. G. Lombardi, M. TI The mid-infrared extinction law in the darkest cores of the Pipe Nebula SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE radiation mechanisms: general; methods: observational; techniques: photometric; stars: formation; ISM: clouds; infrared: ISM ID INTERSTELLAR DUST GRAINS; STAR-FORMATION ACTIVITY; LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; K-S BANDS; 8.0 MU-M; GALACTIC-CENTER; INFRARED EXTINCTION; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; DENSE CORE; MASS FUNCTION AB Context. The properties of dust grains, in particular their size distribution, are expected to differ from the interstellar medium to the high-density regions within molecular clouds. Aims. We measure the mid-infrared extinction law produced by dense material in molecular cloud cores. Since the extinction at these wavelengths is caused by dust, the extinction law in cores should depart from what is found in low-density environments if the dust grains have different properties. Methods. We used the unbiased LINES method to measure the slope of the reddening vectors in color-color diagrams. We derived the mid-infrared extinction law toward the dense cores B59 and FeSt 1-457 in the Pipe Nebula over a range of visual extinction between 10 and 50 mag, using a combination of Spitzer/IRAC and ESO NTT/VLT data. Results. The mid-infrared extinction law in both cores departs significantly from a power law between 3.6 and 8 mu m, suggesting that these cores contain dust with a considerable fraction of large dust grains. We find no evidence of any dependence in the extinction law with column density up to 50 mag of visual extinction in these cores, and no evidence of any variation between our result and those for other clouds at lower column densities reported elsewhere in the literature. This suggests either that large grains are present even in low column density regions or that the existing dust models need to be revised at mid-infrared wavelengths. We find a small but significant difference in the extinction law of the two cores, which we tentatively associate with the onset of star formation in B59. C1 [Ascenso, J.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Lada, C. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Alves, J.] Univ Vienna, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Roman-Zuniga, C. G.] Univ Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Unidad Acad Ensenada, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico. [Lombardi, M.] Univ Milan, Dept Phys, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RP Ascenso, J (reprint author), European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM jascenso@eso.org RI Roman-Zuniga, Carlos/F-6602-2016; OI Roman-Zuniga, Carlos/0000-0001-8600-4798; LOMBARDI, MARCO/0000-0002-3336-4965; Alves, Joao/0000-0002-4355-0921 FU European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) [229517]; NASA [1279166]; Program CONACYT Mexico [152160] FX The authors thank D. Lutz and N. Chapman for kindly providing the electronic versions of their extinction laws. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (/FP7/2007-2013/) under grant agreement No. 229517. Support for this work was also provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech, contract 1279166. CRZ acknowledges support from Program CONACYT 152160, Mexico. NR 59 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 549 AR A135 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201220658 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 073LR UT WOS:000313745000135 ER PT J AU Del Moro, A Alexander, DM Mullaney, JR Daddi, E Pannella, M Bauer, FE Pope, A Dickinson, M Elbaz, D Barthel, PD Garrett, MA Brandt, WN Charmandaris, V Chary, RR Dasyra, K Gilli, R Hickox, RC Hwang, HS Ivison, RJ Juneau, S Le Floc'h, E Luo, B Morrison, GE Rovilos, E Sargent, MT Xue, YQ AF Del Moro, A. Alexander, D. M. Mullaney, J. R. Daddi, E. Pannella, M. Bauer, F. E. Pope, A. Dickinson, M. Elbaz, D. Barthel, P. D. Garrett, M. A. Brandt, W. N. Charmandaris, V. Chary, R. R. Dasyra, K. Gilli, R. Hickox, R. C. Hwang, H. S. Ivison, R. J. Juneau, S. Le Floc'h, E. Luo, B. Morrison, G. E. Rovilos, E. Sargent, M. T. Xue, Y. Q. TI GOODS-Herschel: radio-excess signature of hidden AGN activity in distant star-forming galaxies SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; quasars: general; infrared: galaxies; galaxies: star formation; X-rays: galaxies ID SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; DEEP FIELD-SOUTH; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; STELLAR MASS FUNCTION; BRIGHT QUASAR SURVEY; 1.4 GHZ OBSERVATIONS; X-RAY-EMISSION; SIMILAR-TO 2; GALACTIC NUCLEI AB Context. A tight correlation exists between far-infrared and radio emission for star-forming galaxies (SFGs), which seems to hold out to high redshifts (z approximate to 2). Any excess of radio emission over that expected from star formation processes is most likely produced by an active galactic nucleus (AGN), often hidden by large amounts of dust and gas. Identifying these radio-excess sources will allow us to study a population of AGN unbiased by obscuration and thus find some of the most obscured, Compton-thick AGN, which are in large part unidentified even in the deepest X-ray and infrared (IR) surveys. Aims. We present here a new spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting approach that we adopt to select radio-excess sources amongst distant star-forming galaxies in the GOODS-Herschel (North) field and to reveal the presence of hidden, highly obscured AGN. Methods. Through extensive SED analysis of 458 galaxies with radio 1.4 GHz and mid-IR 24 mu m detections using some of the deepest Chandra X-ray, Spitzer and Herschel infrared, and VLA radio data available to date, we have robustly identified a sample of 51 radio-excess AGN (similar to 1300 deg(-2)) out to redshift z approximate to 3. These radio-excess AGN have a significantly lower far-IR/radio ratio (q < 1 : 68, 3 sigma) than the typical relation observed for star-forming galaxies (q approximate to 2.2). Results. We find that approximate to 45% of these radio-excess sources have a dominant AGN component in the mid-IR band, while for the remainders the excess radio emission is the only indicator of AGN activity. The presence of an AGN is also confirmed by the detection of a compact radio core in deep VLBI 1.4 GHz observations for eight of our radio-excess sources (approximate to 16%; approximate to 66% of the VLBI detected sources in this field), with the excess radio flux measured from our SED analysis agreeing, to within a factor of two, with the radio core emission measured by VLBI. We find that the fraction of radio-excess AGN increases with X-ray luminosity reaching similar to 60% at L-X approximate to 10(44)-10(45) erg s(-1), making these sources an important part of the total AGN population. However, almost half (24/51) of these radio-excess AGN are not detected in the deep Chandra X-ray data, suggesting that some of these sources might be heavily obscured. Amongst the radio-excess AGN we can distinguish three groups of objects: i) AGN clearly identified in infrared (and often in X-rays), a fraction of which are likely to be distant Compton-thick AGN; ii) moderate luminosity AGN (L-X <= 10(43) erg s(-1)) hosted in strong star-forming galaxies; and iii) a small fraction of low accretion-ate AGN hosted in passive (i.e. weak or no star-forming) galaxies. We also find that the specific star formation rates (sSFRs) of the radio- excess AGN are on average lower that those observed for X-ray selected AGN hosts, indicating that our sources are forming stars more slowly than typical AGN hosts, and possibly their star formation is progressively quenching. C1 [Del Moro, A.; Alexander, D. M.; Mullaney, J. R.; Rovilos, E.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Mullaney, J. R.; Daddi, E.; Pannella, M.; Elbaz, D.; Dasyra, K.; Le Floc'h, E.; Sargent, M. T.] Univ Paris Diderot, Lab AIM, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys,CEA,DSM,CNRS,IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Bauer, F. E.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile. [Bauer, F. E.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Pope, A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, LGRT B618, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Dickinson, M.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Barthel, P. D.] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, Groningen, Netherlands. [Garrett, M. A.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Garrett, M. A.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Garrett, M. A.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. [Brandt, W. N.; Luo, B.; Xue, Y. Q.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Charmandaris, V.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71003, Greece. [Charmandaris, V.] Univ Crete, ITCP, Iraklion 71003, Greece. [Chary, R. R.] US Planck Data Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Dasyra, K.] CNRS, UMR 8112, LERMA, Observ Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Gilli, R.; Rovilos, E.] Osservatorio Astron Bologna, INAF, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Hickox, R. C.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Wilder Lab 6127, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Hwang, H. S.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ivison, R. J.] Royal Observ, UK Astron Technol Ctr, Sci & Technol Facil Council, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Juneau, S.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Morrison, G. E.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Manoa, HI 96822 USA. [Morrison, G. E.] Canada France Hawaii Telescope Corp, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA. [Xue, Y. Q.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Chinese Acad Sci, Dept Astron, Key Lab Res Galaxies & Cosmol, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. RP Del Moro, A (reprint author), Univ Durham, Dept Phys, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. EM agnese.del-moro@durham.ac.uk RI Charmandaris, Vassilis/A-7196-2008; Daddi, Emanuele/D-1649-2012; Brandt, William/N-2844-2015; Gilli, Roberto/P-1110-2015; Ivison, R./G-4450-2011; OI Charmandaris, Vassilis/0000-0002-2688-1956; Daddi, Emanuele/0000-0002-3331-9590; Brandt, William/0000-0002-0167-2453; Gilli, Roberto/0000-0001-8121-6177; Ivison, R./0000-0001-5118-1313; Dasyra, Kalliopi/0000-0002-1482-2203; Alexander, David/0000-0002-5896-6313 FU STFC Rolling Grant; Programa de Financiamiento Basal, CONICYT-Chile [FONDECYT 1101024, FONDAP-CATA 15010003]; Chandra X-ray Center [SAO SP1-12007B, SP1-12007A]; NASA ADP grant [NNX10AC99G]; Italian Space Agency (ASI) [INAF I/009/10/0]; Youth 1000 Plan (QingNianQianRen) program; USTC startup funding FX We thank the anonymous referee for the useful comments on our paper. We gratefully acknowledge support from the STFC Rolling Grant (A.D.M.; D.M.A.). This work is based on observations made with Herschel, a European Space Agency Cornerstone Mission with significant participation by NASA. F.E.B. acknowledges support from Programa de Financiamiento Basal, CONICYT-Chile (under grants FONDECYT 1101024 and FONDAP-CATA 15010003), and Chandra X-ray Center grant SAO SP1-12007B. W.N.B., B.L., Y.Q.X. acknowledge the Chandra X-ray Center grant SP1-12007A and NASA ADP grant NNX10AC99G. R.G. acknowledges support from the Italian Space Agency (ASI) under the contract ASI-INAF I/009/10/0. Y.Q.X. acknowledges support of the Youth 1000 Plan (QingNianQianRen) program and the USTC startup funding. We are grateful to N. Drory for sharing the SED fitting code used to estimate galaxy stellar masses. NR 145 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 9 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 549 AR A59 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201219880 PG 28 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 073LR UT WOS:000313745000059 ER PT J AU Kristensen, LE Klaassen, PD Mottram, JC Schmalzl, M Hogerheijde, MR AF Kristensen, L. E. Klaassen, P. D. Mottram, J. C. Schmalzl, M. Hogerheijde, M. R. TI ALMA CO J=6-5 observations of IRAS 16293-2422 Shocks and entrainment SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: formation; ISM: molecules; ISM: jets and outflows; ISM: individual objects: IRAS 16293-2422 ID PROTOSTAR IRAS-16293-2422; SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY; RESOLUTION; OUTFLOW; INFALL; STAR; OPHIUCHUS; WATER AB Observations of higher-excited transitions of abundant molecules such as CO are important for determining where energy in the form of shocks is fed back into the parental envelope of forming stars. The nearby prototypical and protobinary low-mass hot core, IRAS 16293-2422 (I16293) is ideal for such a study. The source was targeted with ALMA for science verification purposes in band 9, which includes CO J = 6 5 (E-up/k(B) similar to 116 K), at an unprecedented spatial resolution (similar to 0 ''.2, 25 AU). I16293 itself is composed of two sources, A and B, with a projected distance of 5 ''. CO J = 6-5 emission is detected throughout the region, particularly in small, arcsecond-sized hotspots, where the outflow interacts with the envelope. The observations only recover a fraction of the emission in the line wings when compared to data from single-dish telescopes, with a higher fraction of emission recovered at higher velocities. The very high angular resolution of these new data reveal that a bow shock from source A coincides, in the plane of the sky, with the position of source B. Source B, on the other hand, does not show current outflow activity. In this region, outflow entrainment takes place over large spatial scales, greater than or similar to 100 AU, and in small discrete knots. This unique dataset shows that the combination of a high-temperature tracer (e. g., CO J = 6-5) and very high angular resolution observations is crucial for interpreting the structure of the warm inner environment of low-mass protostars. C1 [Kristensen, L. E.; Klaassen, P. D.; Mottram, J. C.; Schmalzl, M.; Hogerheijde, M. R.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. RP Kristensen, LE (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS78, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM lkristensen@cfa.harvard.edu RI Kristensen, Lars/F-4774-2011 OI Kristensen, Lars/0000-0003-1159-3721 FU NOVA; NWO [614.001.008]; EU [238258] FX This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO. ALMA#2011.0.00007.SV. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. Astrochemistry is Leiden is supported by NOVA, a Spinoza grant, grant 614.001.008 from NWO, and by EU FP7 grant 238258. Allegro, the ALMA Regional Centre node in the Netherlands, is supported by NOVA and NWO. We are grateful to T. van Kempen and the JAO CSV for planning and taking these data, and to E. F. van Dishoeck and S. Cabrit for very fruitful discussions. We would like to thank the referee, G. Fuller, for constructive comments which lead to improvement of this paper. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 549 AR L6 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201220668 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 073LR UT WOS:000313745000158 ER PT J AU Moscadelli, L Li, JJ Cesaroni, R Sanna, A Xu, Y Zhang, Q AF Moscadelli, L. Li, J. J. Cesaroni, R. Sanna, A. Xu, Y. Zhang, Q. TI A double-jet system in the G31.41+0.31 hot molecular core SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE techniques: interferometric; masers; ISM: kinematics and dynamics ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; MASSIVE STAR-FORMATION; DISTRIBUTED METHANOL MASERS; FORMING REGIONS; CONTINUUM OBSERVATIONS; OUTFLOW SIGNATURES; RADIATION PRESSURE; ROTATING TOROIDS; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; IRAS 20126+4104 AB Context. Many aspects of massive star (greater than or similar to 10 M-circle dot) formation are still unclear. In particular, the outflow properties at close distance (100-1000 AU) from a massive young stellar object (MYSO) are not yet well established. Aims. This work presents a detailed study of the gas kinematics toward the hot molecular core (HMC) G31.41 + 0.31. Methods. To study the HMC 3D kinematics at milli-arcsecond angular resolution, we performed multi-epoch VLBI observations of the H2O 22 GHz and CH3OH 6.7 GHz masers, and single-epoch VLBI of the OH 1.6 GHz masers. Results. Water masers present a symmetric spatial distribution with respect to the HMC center, where two nearby (0.'' 2 apart), compact, VLA sources (labeled "A" and "B") are previously detected. The spatial distribution of a first group of water masers, named "J1", is well fit with an elliptical profile, and the maser proper motions mainly diverge from the ellipse center, with average speed of 36 km s(-1). These findings strongly suggest that the "J1" water maser group traces the heads of a young (dynamical time of 1.3 x 10(3) yr), powerful (momentum rate of similar or equal to 0.2 M-circle dot yr(-1) km s(-1)), collimated (semi-opening angle similar or equal to 10 degrees) jet emerging from a MYSO located close (within approximate to 0.'' 15) to the VLA source "B". Most of the water features not belonging to "J1" present an elongated (approximate to 2 '' in size), NE-SW oriented (PA approximate to 70 degrees), S-shape distribution, which we denote with the label "J2". The elongated distribution of the "J2" group and the direction of motion, approximately parallel to the direction of elongation, of most "J2" water masers suggests the presence of another collimated outflow, emitted from a MYSO placed near the VLA source "A". The proper motions of the CH3OH 6.7 GHz masers, mostly diverging from the HMC center, also witness the expansion of the HMC gas driven by the "J1" and "J2" jets. The orientation (PA approximate to 70 degrees) of the "J2" jet agrees well with that (PA = 68 degrees) of the well-defined V-LSR gradient across the HMC revealed by previous interferometric, thermal line observations. Furthermore, the "J2" jet is powerful enough to sustain the large momentum rate, 0.3 M-circle dot yr(-1) km s(-1), estimated from the interferometric, molecular line data in the assumption that the V-LSR gradient represents a collimated outflow. These two facts lead us to favor the interpretation of the V-LSR gradient across the G31.41 + 0.31 HMC in terms of a compact and collimated outflow. C1 [Moscadelli, L.; Cesaroni, R.] Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Li, J. J.; Xu, Y.] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. [Sanna, A.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Zhang, Q.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Moscadelli, L (reprint author), Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, Largo E Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy. EM mosca@arcetri.astro.it; jjli@pmo.ac.cn; cesa@arcetri.astro.it; asanna@mpifr-bonn.mpg.de; xuye@pmo.ac.cn; qzhang@cfa.harvard.edu OI Moscadelli, Luca/0000-0002-8517-8881; Cesaroni, Riccardo/0000-0002-2430-5103; Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589 FU Chinese National Science Foundation [NSF 11203082, NSF 11133008, NSF 11073054, BK2012494]; Key Laboratory for Radio Astronomy, CAS; European Research Council for the ERC Advanced Grant GLOSTAR [247078] FX "J. J. Li were supported by the Chinese National Science Foundation, through grants NSF 11203082, NSF 11133008, NSF 11073054, BK2012494, and the Key Laboratory for Radio Astronomy, CAS. A. Sanna acknowledges the financial support by the European Research Council for the ERC Advanced Grant GLOSTAR under contract No. 247078." NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 549 AR A122 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201220497 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 073LR UT WOS:000313745000122 ER PT J AU Nisini, B Santangelo, G Antoniucci, S Benedettini, M Codella, C Giannini, T Lorenzani, A Liseau, R Tafalla, M Bjerkeli, P Cabrit, S Caselli, P Kristensen, L Neufeld, D Melnick, G van Dishoeck, EF AF Nisini, B. Santangelo, G. Antoniucci, S. Benedettini, M. Codella, C. Giannini, T. Lorenzani, A. Liseau, R. Tafalla, M. Bjerkeli, P. Cabrit, S. Caselli, P. Kristensen, L. Neufeld, D. Melnick, G. van Dishoeck, E. F. TI Mapping water in protostellar outflows with Herschel PACS and HIFI observations of L1448-C SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: formation; stars: winds, outflows; ISM: abundances; ISM: molecules; ISM: jets and outflows; ISM: individual objects: L1448 ID STAR-FORMING REGIONS; CHESS SPECTRAL SURVEY; HIGH-VELOCITY SIO; MOLECULAR BULLETS; SHOCK-WAVES; INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; H-2 EMISSION; GAS; H2O; SUBMILLIMETER AB Context. Water is a key probe of shocks and outflows from young stars because it is extremely sensitive to both the physical conditions associated with the interaction of supersonic outflows with the ambient medium and the chemical processes at play. Aims. Our goal is to investigate the spatial and velocity distribution of H2O along outflows, its relationship with other tracers, and its abundance variations. In particular, this study focuses on the outflow driven by the low-mass protostar L1448-C, which previous observations have shown to be one of the brightest H2O emitters among the class 0 outflows. Methods. To this end, maps of the o-H2O 1(10)-1(01) and 2(12)-1(01) transitions taken with the Herschel-HIFI and PACS instruments, respectively, are presented. For comparison, complementary maps of the CO(3-2) and SiO(8-7) transitions, obtained at the JCMT, and the H-2 S(0) and S(1) transitions, taken from the literature, were used as well. Physical conditions and H2O column densities were inferred using large velocity gradient radiative transfer calculations. Results. The water distribution appears to be clumpy, with individual peaks corresponding to shock spots along the outflow. The bulk of the 557 GHz line is confined to radial velocities in the range +/- 10-50 km s(-1), but extended emission at extreme velocities (up to v(r) similar to 80 km s(-1)) is detected and is associated with the L1448-C extreme high-velocity (EHV) jet. The H2O 1(10)-1(01)/CO(3-2) ratio shows strong variations as a function of velocity that likely reflect different and changing physical conditions in the gas that is responsible for the emissions from the two species. In the EHV jet, a low H2O/SiO abundance ratio is inferred, which could indicate molecular formation from dust-free gas directly ejected from the proto-stellar wind. The ratio between the two observed H2O lines and the comparison with H-2 indicate averaged T-kin and n(H-2) values of similar to 300-500 K and 5 x 10(6) cm(-3), respectively, while a water abundance with respect to H-2 of about 0.5-1x10(-6) along the outflow is estimated, in agreement with results found by previous studies. The fairly constant conditions found all along the outflow imply that evolutionary effects on the timescales of outflow propagation do not play a major role in the H2O chemistry. Conclusions. The results of our analysis show that the bulk of the observed H2O lines comes from post-shocked regions where the gas, after being heated to high temperatures, has already been cooled down to a few hundred K. The relatively low derived abundances, however, call for some mechanism that diminishes the H2O gas in the post-shock region. Among the possible scenarios, we favor H2O photodissociation, which requires the superposition of a low-velocity nondissociative shock with a fast dissociative shock able to produce a far-ultraviolet field of sufficient strength. C1 [Nisini, B.; Santangelo, G.; Antoniucci, S.; Giannini, T.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Benedettini, M.] INAF Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziali, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Codella, C.; Lorenzani, A.; Caselli, P.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Liseau, R.; Bjerkeli, P.] Chalmers, Onsala Space Observ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, S-43992 Onsala, Sweden. [Tafalla, M.] Observ Astron Nacl IGN, Madrid 28014, Spain. [Cabrit, S.] Observ Paris, UMR CNRS 8112, LERMA, F-75014 Paris, France. [Caselli, P.] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Kristensen, L.; van Dishoeck, E. F.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Neufeld, D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Melnick, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [van Dishoeck, E. F.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Nisini, B (reprint author), INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, Via Frascati 33, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. EM nisini@oa-roma.inaf.it RI Kristensen, Lars/F-4774-2011; OI Giannini, Teresa/0000-0002-0224-096X; , Brunella Nisini/0000-0002-9190-0113; Kristensen, Lars/0000-0003-1159-3721; Lorenzani, Andrea/0000-0002-4685-3434; Bjerkeli, Per/0000-0002-7993-4118; Antoniucci, Simone/0000-0002-0666-3847; Codella, Claudio/0000-0003-1514-3074 FU ASI [I/005/011/0]; NOVA; NWO [614.001.008]; EU [238258]; NASA through JPL/Caltech FX The Italian authors gratefully acknowledge the support from ASI through the contract I/005/011/0. Astrochemistry in Leiden is supported by NOVA, by a Spinoza grant and grant 614.001.008 from NWO, and by EU FP7 grant 238258. The US authors gratefully acknowledge the support of NASA funding provided through an award issued by JPL/Caltech. HIFI has been designed and built by a consortium of institutes and university departments from across Europe, Canada and the United States under the leadership of SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Groningen, The Netherlands and with major contributions from Germany, France and the US. Consortium members are: Canada: CSA, U. Waterloo; France: CESR, LAB, LERMA, IRAM; Germany: KOSMA, MPIfR, MPS; Ireland, NUI Maynooth; Italy: ASI, IFSI-INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri-INAF; The Netherlands: SRON, TUD; Poland: CAMK, CBK; Spain: Observatorio Astronomico Nacional (IGN), Centro de Astrobiologia (CSIC-INTA). Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology - MC2, RSS & GARD; Onsala Space Observatory; Swedish National Space Board, Stockholm University - Stockholm Observatory; Switzerland: ETH Zurich, FHNW; USA: Caltech, JPL, NHSC. PACS has been developed by a consortium of institutes led by MPE (Germany) and including UVIE (Austria); KU Leuven, CSL, IMEC (Belgium); CEA, LAM (France); MPIA (Germany); INAF-IFSI/OAA/OAP/OAT, LENS, SISSA (Italy); IAC (Spain). This development has been supported by the funding agencies BMVIT (Austria), ESA-PRODEX (Belgium), CEA/CNES (France), DLR (Germany), ASI/INAF (Italy), and CICYT/MCYT (Spain). NR 68 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 549 AR A16 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201220163 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 073LR UT WOS:000313745000016 ER PT J AU Offringa, AR de Bruyn, AG Zaroubi, S van Diepen, G Martinez-Ruby, O Labropoulos, P Brentjens, MA Ciardi, B Daiboo, S Harker, G Jelic, V Kazemi, S Koopmans, LVE Mellema, G Pandey, VN Pizzo, RF Schaye, J Vedantham, H Veligatla, V Wijnholds, SJ Yatawatta, S Zarka, P Alexov, A Anderson, J Asgekar, A Avruch, M Beck, R Bell, M Bell, MR Bentum, M Bernardi, G Best, P Birzan, L Bonafede, A Breitling, F Broderick, JW Brueggen, M Butcher, H Conway, J de Vos, M Dettmar, RJ Eisloeffel, J Falcke, H Fender, R Frieswijk, W Gerbers, M Griessmeier, JM Gunst, AW Hassall, TE Heald, G Hessels, J Hoeft, M Horneffer, A Karastergiou, A Kondratiev, V Koopman, Y Kuniyoshi, M Kuper, G Maat, P Mann, G McKean, J Meulman, H Mevius, M Mol, JD Nijboer, R Noordam, J Norden, M Paas, H Pandey, M Pizzo, R Polatidis, A Rafferty, D Rawlings, S Reich, W Rottgering, HJA Schoenmakers, AP Sluman, J Smirnov, O Sobey, C Stappers, B Steinmetz, M Swinbank, J Tagger, M Tang, Y Tasse, C van Ardenne, A van Cappellen, W van Duin, AP van Haarlem, M van Leeuwen, J van Weeren, RJ Vermeulen, R Vocks, C Wijers, RAMJ Wise, M Wucknitz, O AF Offringa, A. R. de Bruyn, A. G. Zaroubi, S. van Diepen, G. Martinez-Ruby, O. Labropoulos, P. Brentjens, M. A. Ciardi, B. Daiboo, S. Harker, G. Jelic, V. Kazemi, S. Koopmans, L. V. E. Mellema, G. Pandey, V. N. Pizzo, R. F. Schaye, J. Vedantham, H. Veligatla, V. Wijnholds, S. J. Yatawatta, S. Zarka, P. Alexov, A. Anderson, J. Asgekar, A. Avruch, M. Beck, R. Bell, M. Bell, M. R. Bentum, M. Bernardi, G. Best, P. Birzan, L. Bonafede, A. Breitling, F. Broderick, J. W. Brueggen, M. Butcher, H. Conway, J. de Vos, M. Dettmar, R. J. Eisloeffel, J. Falcke, H. Fender, R. Frieswijk, W. Gerbers, M. Griessmeier, J. M. Gunst, A. W. Hassall, T. E. Heald, G. Hessels, J. Hoeft, M. Horneffer, A. Karastergiou, A. Kondratiev, V. Koopman, Y. Kuniyoshi, M. Kuper, G. Maat, P. Mann, G. McKean, J. Meulman, H. Mevius, M. Mol, J. D. Nijboer, R. Noordam, J. Norden, M. Paas, H. Pandey, M. Pizzo, R. Polatidis, A. Rafferty, D. Rawlings, S. Reich, W. Roettgering, H. J. A. Schoenmakers, A. P. Sluman, J. Smirnov, O. Sobey, C. Stappers, B. Steinmetz, M. Swinbank, J. Tagger, M. Tang, Y. Tasse, C. van Ardenne, A. van Cappellen, W. van Duin, A. P. van Haarlem, M. van Leeuwen, J. van Weeren, R. J. Vermeulen, R. Vocks, C. Wijers, R. A. M. J. Wise, M. Wucknitz, O. TI The LOFAR radio environment SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE instrumentation: interferometers; methods: data analysis; techniques: interferometric; telescopes; radio continuum: general ID INTERFERENCE MITIGATION; FILTERING TECHNIQUES; TELESCOPES; ASTRONOMY; REMOVAL; RFI AB Aims. This paper discusses the spectral occupancy for performing radio astronomy with the Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR), with a focus on imaging observations. Methods. We have analysed the radio-frequency interference (RFI) situation in two 24-h surveys with Dutch LOFAR stations, covering 30-78 MHz with low-band antennas and 115-163 MHz with high-band antennas. This is a subset of the full frequency range of LOFAR. The surveys have been observed with a 0.76 kHz/1 s resolution. Results. We measured the RFI occupancy in the low and high frequency sets to be 1.8% and 3.2% respectively. These values are found to be representative values for the LOFAR radio environment. Between day and night, there is no significant difference in the radio environment. We find that lowering the current observational time and frequency resolutions of LOFAR results in a slight loss of flagging accuracy. At LOFAR's nominal resolution of 0.76 kHz and 1 s, the false-positives rate is about 0.5%. This rate increases approximately linearly when decreasing the data frequency resolution. Conclusions. Currently, by using an automated RFI detection strategy, the LOFAR radio environment poses no perceivable problems for sensitive observing. It remains to be seen if this is still true for very deep observations that integrate over tens of nights, but the situation looks promising. Reasons for the low impact of RFI are the high spectral and time resolution of LOFAR; accurate detection methods; strong filters and high receiver linearity; and the proximity of the antennas to the ground. We discuss some strategies that can be used once low-level RFI starts to become apparent. It is important that the frequency range of LOFAR remains free of broadband interference, such as DAB stations and windmills. C1 [Offringa, A. R.; de Bruyn, A. G.; Zaroubi, S.; Martinez-Ruby, O.; Daiboo, S.; Kazemi, S.; Koopmans, L. V. E.; Vedantham, H.; Veligatla, V.; Avruch, M.; Bernardi, G.] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Offringa, A. R.; Butcher, H.] RSAA, Mt Stromlo Observ, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [de Bruyn, A. G.; van Diepen, G.; Labropoulos, P.; Brentjens, M. A.; Jelic, V.; Pandey, V. N.; Pizzo, R. F.; Wijnholds, S. J.; Yatawatta, S.; Asgekar, A.; Bentum, M.; Butcher, H.; de Vos, M.; Frieswijk, W.; Gerbers, M.; Griessmeier, J. M.; Gunst, A. W.; Heald, G.; Hessels, J.; Kondratiev, V.; Koopman, Y.; Kuper, G.; Maat, P.; McKean, J.; Meulman, H.; Mevius, M.; Mol, J. D.; Nijboer, R.; Noordam, J.; Norden, M.; Paas, H.; Pizzo, R.; Polatidis, A.; Schoenmakers, A. P.; Sluman, J.; Smirnov, O.; Tang, Y.; van Ardenne, A.; van Cappellen, W.; van Duin, A. P.; van Haarlem, M.; van Leeuwen, J.; van Weeren, R. J.; Vermeulen, R.; Wise, M.] ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Ciardi, B.; Bell, M. R.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Harker, G.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Mellema, G.] AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Dept Astron, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Schaye, J.; Birzan, L.; Pandey, M.; Rafferty, D.; Roettgering, H. J. A.; van Weeren, R. J.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Zarka, P.; Tasse, C.] Observ Paris, F-92195 Meudon, France. [Alexov, A.; Swinbank, J.; Wijers, R. A. M. J.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Anderson, J.; Beck, R.; Horneffer, A.; Kuniyoshi, M.; Reich, W.; Sobey, C.; Wucknitz, O.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-53010 Bonn, Germany. [Avruch, M.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Bell, M.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys A28, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Bernardi, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Best, P.] Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Bonafede, A.; Brueggen, M.] Jacobs Univ Bremen, D-28759 Bremen, Germany. [Breitling, F.; Mann, G.; Steinmetz, M.; Vocks, C.] Astrophys Inst Potzdam, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany. [Bell, M.; Broderick, J. W.; Fender, R.; Hassall, T. E.] Univ Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Brueggen, M.] Univ Hamburg, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Conway, J.; van Ardenne, A.] Chalmers, S-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Dettmar, R. J.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany. [Eisloeffel, J.; Hoeft, M.] Tautenburg Observ, Thuringer Landessternwarte, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany. [Falcke, H.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Fac NWI, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Griessmeier, J. M.; Tagger, M.] Ctr Natl Rech Sci, F-75794 Paris 16, France. [Hassall, T. E.; Stappers, B.] Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Karastergiou, A.] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Pandey, M.; Rawlings, S.] Observ Lyon, Ctr Rech Astrophys Lyon, F-69561 St Genis Laval, France. [Smirnov, O.] Rhodes Univ, RATT, Dep Phys & Elect, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Wucknitz, O.] Univ Bonn, D-53012 Bonn, Germany. [Wucknitz, O.] Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. RP Offringa, AR (reprint author), Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, POB 800, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. EM offringa@mso.anu.edu.au RI Jelic, Vibor/B-2938-2014; Mellema, Garrelt/K-4962-2014; Tagger, Michel/O-6615-2014; Ciardi, Benedetta/N-7625-2015; Kondratiev, Vladislav/N-1105-2015; Falcke, Heino/H-5262-2012; Yatawatta, Sarod/E-6037-2013 OI Harker, Geraint/0000-0002-7894-4082; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660; Schaye, Joop/0000-0002-0668-5560; Jelic, Vibor/0000-0002-6034-8610; Mellema, Garrelt/0000-0002-2512-6748; Wijers, Ralph/0000-0002-3101-1808; Tagger, Michel/0000-0003-2962-3220; Kondratiev, Vladislav/0000-0001-8864-7471; Falcke, Heino/0000-0002-2526-6724; Swinbank, John/0000-0001-9445-1846; Yatawatta, Sarod/0000-0001-5619-4017 NR 29 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 12 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 549 AR A11 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201220293 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 073LR UT WOS:000313745000011 ER PT J AU Ruiz, A Risaliti, G Nardini, E Panessa, F Carrera, FJ AF Ruiz, A. Risaliti, G. Nardini, E. Panessa, F. Carrera, F. J. TI Analysis of Spitzer-IRS spectra of hyperluminous infrared galaxies SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: starburst; X-rays: galaxies; infrared: galaxies; galaxies: evolution ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; PALOMAR-GREEN QUASARS; SIMILAR-TO 2; STAR-FORMATION; X-RAY; SPACE-TELESCOPE; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; XMM-NEWTON; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION AB Context. Hyperluminous infrared galaxies (HLIRG) are the most luminous persistent objects in the Universe. They exhibit extremely high star formation rates, and most of them seem to harbour an active galactic nucleus (AGN). They are unique laboratories for investigating the most extreme star formation and its connection to super-massive black hole growth. Aims. The relative AGN and starburst (SB) contributions to the total output in these objects is still debated. Our aim is to disentangle the AGN and SB emission of a sample of thirteen HLIRG. Methods. We studied the MIR low-resolution spectra of a sample of thirteen HLIRG obtained with the Infrared Spectrograph on board Spitzer. The 5-8 mu m range is an optimal window for detecting AGN activity even in a heavily obscured environment. We performed an SB/AGN decomposition of the continuum using templates, which has been successfully applied for ULIRG in previous works. Results. The MIR spectra of all sources is largely dominated by AGN emission. By converting the 6 mu m luminosity into IR luminosity, we found that similar to 80% of the sample shows an IR output dominated by the AGN emission. However, the SB activity is significant in all sources (mean SB contribution similar to 30%), showing star formation rates similar to 300-3000 M-circle dot yr(-1). With X-ray and MIR data we estimated the dust covering factor (CF) of these HLIRG, finding that a significant fraction presents a CF consistent with unity. Along with the high X-ray absorption shown by these sources, this suggests that large amounts of dust and gas enshroud the nucleus of these HLIRG, as also observed in ULIRG. Conclusions. Our results agree with previous studies of the IR SED of HLIRG using radiative transfer models, and we find strong evidence that all HLIRG harbour an AGN. Moreover, this work provides further support for the idea that AGN and SB are both crucial to understanding the properties of HLIRG. Our study of the CF supports the hypothesis that HLIRG can be divided into two different populations. C1 [Ruiz, A.] Osserv Astron Brera, Ist Nazl Astrofis INAF, I-20121 Milan, Italy. [Ruiz, A.] IUCAA, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India. [Risaliti, G.] Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Risaliti, G.; Nardini, E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Panessa, F.] Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziali Roma IAPS, INAF, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Carrera, F. J.] UC, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria IFCA, Santander 39005, Spain. RP Ruiz, A (reprint author), Osserv Astron Brera, Ist Nazl Astrofis INAF, Via Brera 21, I-20121 Milan, Italy. EM ruizca@iucaa.ernet.in RI Ruiz, Angel/B-4914-2008; OI Ruiz, Angel/0000-0002-3352-4383; Risaliti, Guido/0000-0002-3556-977X; Panessa, Francesca/0000-0003-0543-3617 FU IUCAA post-doctoral fellowship; ASI grant [ASI I/088/06/0]; Spanish Ministry of Education and Science [ESP2003-00812, ESP2006-13608-C02-01]; NASA; ESA Member States; NASA through the Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Ames Research Center; [AYA2010-21490-C02-01]; [ASI INAF I/08/07/0] FX We are grateful to the anonymous referee for the constructive comments and suggestions that improved this paper. A.R. acknowledges support from an IUCAA post-doctoral fellowship and from ASI grant No. ASI I/088/06/0. Financial support for A.R. and F.J.C. was provided by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science, under project ESP2003-00812 and ESP2006-13608-C02-01. F.J.C. acknowledges financial support under the project AYA2010-21490-C02-01. F.P. acknowledges financial support under the project ASI INAF I/08/07/0. This work is based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA, and with XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and NASA. The IRS was a collaborative venture between Cornell University and Ball Aerospace Corporation funded by NASA through the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Ames Research Center. SMART was developed by the IRS Team at Cornell University. NR 109 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 549 AR A125 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201015257 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 073LR UT WOS:000313745000125 ER PT J AU Uhen, MD Barnosky, AD Bills, B Blois, J Carrano, MT Carrasco, MA Erickson, GM Eronen, JT Fortelius, M Graham, RW Grimm, EC O'Leary, MA Mast, A Piel, WH Polly, PD Saila, LK AF Uhen, Mark D. Barnosky, Anthony D. Bills, Brian Blois, Jessica Carrano, Matthew T. Carrasco, Marc A. Erickson, Gregory M. Eronen, Jussi T. Fortelius, Mikael Graham, Russell W. Grimm, Eric C. O'Leary, Maureen A. Mast, Austin Piel, William H. Polly, P. David Saila, Laura K. TI FROM CARD CATALOGS TO COMPUTERS: DATABASES IN VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY SO JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; MASS EXTINCTION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FOSSIL RECORD; LATE MIOCENE; MAMMALS; DIVERSITY; NEOGENE; DIVERSIFICATION; INFORMATION AB Data, whether images, measurements, counts, occurrences, or character codings, are a cornerstone of vertebrate paleontology. Every published paper, master's thesis, and doctoral dissertation relies on these data to document patterns and processes in evolution, ecology, taphonomy, geography, geologic time, and functional morphology, to name just a few. In turn, the vertebrate paleontology community relies on published data in order to reproduce and verify others' work, as well as to expand upon published analyses in new ways without having to reconstitute data sets that have been used by earlier authors and to accurately preserve data for future generations of researchers. Here, we review several databases that are of interest to vertebrate paleontologists and strongly advocate for more deposition of basic research data in publicly accessible databases by vertebrate paleontologists. C1 [Uhen, Mark D.] George Mason Univ, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Earth Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Barnosky, Anthony D.; Carrasco, Marc A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Barnosky, Anthony D.; Carrasco, Marc A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Paleontol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bills, Brian] Penn State Univ, Ctr Environm Informat, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Blois, Jessica] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climate Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Carrano, Matthew T.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Erickson, Gregory M.; Mast, Austin] Florida State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Eronen, Jussi T.; Fortelius, Mikael; Saila, Laura K.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Geosci & Geog, HY-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Eronen, Jussi T.] Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr LOEWE BiK F, Nat Museum, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. [Eronen, Jussi T.] Senckenberg Res Inst, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. [Graham, Russell W.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Grimm, Eric C.] Illinois State Museum, Res & Collect Ctr, Springfield, IL 62703 USA. [O'Leary, Maureen A.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, Dept Anat Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Mast, Austin] Florida State Univ, Robert K Godfrey Herbarium, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Piel, William H.] Yale NUS Coll, Singapore 138614, Singapore. [Polly, P. David] Indiana Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Uhen, MD (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Earth Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM muhen@gmu.edu; barnosky@berkeley.edu; bbills@essc.psu.edu; blois@wisc.edu; carranom@si.edu; carrasco@berkeley.edu; gerickson@bio.fsu.edu; jussi.t.eronen@helsinki.fi; mikael.fortelius@helsinki.fi; rgraham@ems.psu.edu; grimm@museum.state.il.us; moleary@notes.cc.sunysb.edu; amast@bio.fsu.edu; william.piel@yale-nus.edu.sg; pdpolly@indiana.edu; laura.saila@helsinki.fi RI Eronen, Jussi/B-7978-2013; Grimm, Eric/G-3011-2013; Blois, Jessica/G-5893-2011; Carrano, Matthew/C-7601-2011; OI Eronen, Jussi/0000-0002-0390-8044; Blois, Jessica/0000-0003-4048-177X; Carrano, Matthew/0000-0003-2129-1612; Polly, P. David/0000-0001-7338-8526 FU US National Science Foundation [0446224, 0851313] FX We would first like to thank all of the vertebrate paleontologists who have painstakingly unearthed, prepared, studied, and described fossils. Their work have always been, and always will be, the foundation on which our science is based. Without them, we would have no taxa in our character matrices, no occurrence data for our diversity curves, nor any paleoecological data to interpret past climates. Second, we would like to thank all of the people who have already begun to deposit their current data in online databases. Your actions in this regard are both fruitful to your own research program, but also benefit the community greatly by providing easy access to your data for further analysis and research. Finally, thanks to all of those who keystroke legacy data into databases, giving us all new access to old data that may have been temporarily lost from field through neglect. The PIs of Morphbank gratefully acknowledge funding from the US National Science Foundation for its development (awards 0446224 to A.M., G.E., and colleagues and award 0851313 to A.M. and colleagues). NR 87 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 77 PU SOC VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY PI NORTHBROOK PA 60 REVERE DR, STE 500, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062 USA SN 0272-4634 J9 J VERTEBR PALEONTOL JI J. Vertebr. Paleontol. PY 2013 VL 33 IS 1 BP 13 EP 28 PG 16 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA 070HL UT WOS:000313497100002 ER PT J AU Valenzuela-Toro, AM Gutstein, CS Varas-Malca, RM Suarez, ME Pyenson, ND AF Valenzuela-Toro, Ana M. Gutstein, Carolina S. Varas-Malca, Rafael M. Suarez, Mario E. Pyenson, Nicholas D. TI PINNIPED TURNOVER IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC OCEAN: NEW EVIDENCE FROM THE PLIO-PLEISTOCENE OF THE ATACAMA DESERT, CHILE SO JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NORTH-CENTRAL CHILE; CARNIVORA OTARIIDAE; MIOCENE; SEALS; BIOGEOGRAPHY; COASTAL; DEFINITION; PHYLOGENY; TAXONOMY; DEPOSITS AB Modern pinnipeds distributed along the coasts of continental South America consist almost entirely of otariids (sea lions and fur seals). In contrast, phocids (true seals) are present only on the southernmost extreme of Chile. This recent biogeographic pattern is consistent with the zooarchaeological record (similar to 8-2 ka), but it is incompatible with the pinniped fossil record during the Neogene. From the middle Miocene to the Pliocene, true seals exclusively dominated pinniped assemblages, and they were only replaced by the fur seals and sea lions sometime after the early Pliocene. Here, we describe pinniped material collected from two new localities in the Atacama Desert, northern Chile, that clarifies this marine mammal faunal turnover. Specifically, these finds provide records of the first occurrence of Otariidae (late Pleistocene) and the last occurrence of Phocidae (early Pliocene) in Chile, which in turn constrain the timing of this turnover to between the early Pliocene and late Pleistocene. The stratigraphic context of these findings provides new insights into hypotheses that explain this faunal turnover in South America, and we briefly discuss them in the context of turnover events involving other marine vertebrates throughout the Southern Hemisphere. C1 [Valenzuela-Toro, Ana M.; Gutstein, Carolina S.] Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias, Lab Ecofisiol, Santiago, Chile. [Gutstein, Carolina S.; Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Varas-Malca, Rafael M.] Museo Hist Nat UNMSM, Dept Paleontol Vertebrados, Lima 14, Peru. [Suarez, Mario E.] Museo Paleontol Caldera, Caldera, Region De Ataca, Chile. [Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Burke Museum Nat Hist & Culture, Dept Palaeontol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Valenzuela-Toro, AM (reprint author), Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias, Lab Ecofisiol, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile. EM avalenzuela.toro@gmail.com; sgcarolina@gmail.com; palaeomind@gmail.com; museopaleontocaldera@gmail.com; pyensonn@si.edu OI Gutstein, Carolina/0000-0002-0823-2434; Varas-Malca, Rafael M./0000-0002-4435-8229 FU CONICYT; Becas Chile; Departamento de Postgrado y Postitulo of the Vicerrectoria de Asuntos Academicos of Universidad de Chile; Smithsonian Institution's Remington Kellogg Fund; NMNH; NMNH Office of the Director; National Geographic Society Committee on Research Exploration grants [8903-11, 9019-11] FX We would like to thank J. Velez-Juarbe, R. Salas-Gismondi, M. Stucchi, J. F. Parham, and D. Rubilar-Rogers for their comments and suggestions that improved the preliminary version of the manuscript. We appreciate the useful and detailed comments from the editor J. H. Geisler, as well as those from R. W. Boessenecker and an anonymous reviewer, who substantially improved the manuscript. We also thank S. Fuentes Tamblay and S. Soto Acuna for the preparation and photography, respectively, of the specimens reported here, and R. Yury-Yanez for the assistance in the preparation of the Bahia Inglesa Formation map. For access to comparative material, we also thank D. J. Bohaska (Paleobiology) and C. W. Potter (Vertebrate Zoology) at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) in Washington, D.C. C.S.G. was funded by CONICYT, Becas Chile, Departamento de Postgrado y Postitulo of the Vicerrectoria de Asuntos Academicos of Universidad de Chile, and the Smithsonian Institution's Remington Kellogg Fund. This work was also funded by a NMNH Small Grant Award, discretionary funding from NMNH Office of the Director, the Smithsonian Institution's Remington Kellogg Fund, and two National Geographic Society Committee on Research Exploration grants (8903-11, 9019-11) to N.D.P. Permit No. 5979 was granted by the Consejo de Monumentos Nacionales. This paper is Caldera Paleontology Project contribution no. 2. NR 80 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 13 PU SOC VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY PI NORTHBROOK PA 60 REVERE DR, STE 500, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062 USA SN 0272-4634 J9 J VERTEBR PALEONTOL JI J. Vertebr. Paleontol. PY 2013 VL 33 IS 1 BP 216 EP 223 PG 8 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA 070HL UT WOS:000313497100017 ER PT J AU Simpson, LT Feller, IC Chapman, SK AF Simpson, Lorae T. Feller, Ilka C. Chapman, Samantha K. TI Effects of competition and nutrient enrichemnt on Avicennia germinans in the salt marsh-mangrove ecotone SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Avicennia germinans; Nitrogen; Competition; Seedling; Biomass partitioning; Growth; Leaf ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; RHIZOPHORA-MANGLE; ELEVATED CO2; GROWTH; NITROGEN; ENRICHMENT; TEMPERATE; AUSTRALIA; DYNAMICS; FLORIDA AB A field experiment in Florida's salt marsh-mangrove ecotone was conducted to determine the impact of nitrogen (N) addition and aboveground competition on mangrove seedling growth and biomass partitioning. At this ecotone, Avicennia germ mans (black mangrove) seedlings grow in competition with salt marsh species and provide a natural experiment. The seedlings were subjected to nutrient enrichment and released from aboveground competition via a meshing treatment. Aboveground competition removal decreased leaf area and foliar C:N (by 44.1% and 26.8%, respectively) while N-enrichment increased mangrove leaf production by 41.7%, foliar N by 62.2%, and leaf biomass by 72.1%. These results indicate that A. germinans seedlings significantly modify leaf characteristics in response to changing availability of light and nutrient resources. This work illustrates that mangrove seedlings (1) show large plasticity in both growth and nutrient acquisition, and (2) compete with salt marsh species. Our work also brings to light the interactive effects of biotic and abiotic drivers of mangrove productivity and the need for more multifactorial work in this important ecotone, where range shifts may be occurring. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Simpson, Lorae T.; Chapman, Samantha K.] Villanova Univ, Dept Biol, Villanova, PA 19003 USA. [Simpson, Lorae T.; Feller, Ilka C.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Simpson, LT (reprint author), 701 Seaway Dr, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. EM simpsonl@si.edu OI Feller, Ilka/0000-0002-6391-1608 FU Villanova University; Smithsonian Environmental Research Center FX We are grateful to Villanova University and the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center for funding this work. The scientists and staff at Villanova University and the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce, FL provided facilities and assistance for the execution of this research. We gratefully acknowledge A. Chamberlin, R. Feller, K. Barritt, J. LaPergola, K.A. Shepard, E. Dangremond, G. Coldren, and R. Baker for field assistance and J.A. Langley for manuscript edits. NR 40 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 81 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 EI 1879-1522 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 104 BP 55 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.aquabot.2012.09.006 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 070AR UT WOS:000313478700007 ER PT J AU Hegde, S Kaltenegger, L AF Hegde, Siddharth Kaltenegger, Lisa TI Colors of Extreme Exo-Earth Environments SO ASTROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Color-color; Habitability; Extrasolar terrestrial planet; Extreme environments; Extremophiles; Reflectivity ID EXTRASOLAR TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; DEINOCOCCUS-RADIODURANS; VEGETATION SIGNATURE; RADIATION-RESISTANCE; SPECTRAL SIGNATURES; LIFE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; EVOLUTION; SEARCH; ATMOSPHERE AB The search for extrasolar planets has already detected rocky planets and several planetary candidates with minimum masses that are consistent with rocky planets in the habitable zone of their host stars. A low-resolution spectrum in the form of a color-color diagram of an exoplanet is likely to be one of the first post-detection quantities to be measured for the case of direct detection. In this paper, we explore potentially detectable surface features on rocky exoplanets and their connection to, and importance as, a habitat for extremophiles, as known on Earth. Extremophiles provide us with the minimum known envelope of environmental limits for life on our planet. The color of a planet reveals information on its properties, especially for surface features of rocky planets with clear atmospheres. We use filter photometry in the visible as a first step in the characterization of rocky exoplanets to prioritize targets for follow-up spectroscopy. Many surface environments on Earth have characteristic albedos and occupy a different color space in the visible waveband (0.4-0.9 lm) that can be distinguished remotely. These detectable surface features can be linked to the extreme niches that support extremophiles on Earth and provide a link between geomicrobiology and observational astronomy. This paper explores how filter photometry can serve as a first step in characterizing Earth-like exoplanets for an aerobic as well as an anaerobic atmosphere, thereby prioritizing targets to search for atmospheric biosignatures. C1 [Hegde, Siddharth; Kaltenegger, Lisa] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Kaltenegger, Lisa] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Hegde, S (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astron, Koenigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. EM hegde@mpia.de FU DFG [ENP Ka 3142/1-1]; NASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI); International Max Planck Research School for Astronomy and Cosmic Physics at the University of Heidelberg (IMPRS-HD) FX The authors would like to thank Dorian S. Abbot and the referee for comments that strengthened the paper as well as Lynn J. Rothschild for useful discussion on extremophiles. The authors acknowledge support from DFG funding ENP Ka 3142/1-1. Lisa Kaltenegger gratefully acknowledges support from the NASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI). Siddharth Hegde acknowledges support from the International Max Planck Research School for Astronomy and Cosmic Physics at the University of Heidelberg (IMPRS-HD), of which he is a fellow. NR 62 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 33 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1531-1074 J9 ASTROBIOLOGY JI Astrobiology PD JAN PY 2013 VL 13 IS 1 BP 47 EP 56 DI 10.1089/ast.2012.0849 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Geology GA 072MP UT WOS:000313676000003 PM 23252379 ER PT J AU Kleinman, SJ Kepler, SO Koester, D Pelisoli, I Pecanha, V Nitta, A Costa, JES Krzesinski, J Dufour, P Lachapelle, FR Bergeron, P Yip, CW Harris, HC Eisenstein, DJ Althaus, L Corsico, A AF Kleinman, S. J. Kepler, S. O. Koester, D. Pelisoli, Ingrid Pecanha, Viviane Nitta, A. Costa, J. E. S. Krzesinski, J. Dufour, P. Lachapelle, F. -R. Bergeron, P. Yip, Ching-Wa Harris, Hugh C. Eisenstein, Daniel J. Althaus, L. Corsico, A. TI SDSS DR7 WHITE DWARF CATALOG SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE catalogs; magnetic fields; stars: luminosity function, mass function; surveys; white dwarfs ID DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; IA PROGENITOR SURVEY; 1ST DATA RELEASE; ELECTRIC MICROFIELD DISTRIBUTIONS; 7TH DATA RELEASE; SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS; ATMOSPHERIC PARAMETERS; PHOTOMETRIC ANALYSIS; SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD; MASS-DISTRIBUTION AB We present a new catalog of spectroscopically confirmed white dwarf stars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 7 spectroscopic catalog. We find 20,407 white dwarf spectra, representing 19,712 stars, and provide atmospheric model fits to 14,120 DA and 1011 DB white dwarf spectra from 12,843 and 923 stars, respectively. These numbers represent more than a factor of two increase in the total number of white dwarf stars from the previous SDSS white dwarf catalogs based on DR4 data. Our distribution of subtypes varies from previous catalogs due to our more conservative, manual classifications of each star in our catalog, supplementing our automatic fits. In particular, we find a large number of magnetic white dwarf stars whose small Zeeman splittings mimic increased Stark broadening that would otherwise result in an overestimated log g if fit as a non-magnetic white dwarf. We calculate mean DA and DB masses for our clean, non-magnetic sample and find the DB mean mass is statistically larger than that for the DAs. C1 [Kleinman, S. J.; Nitta, A.] Gemini Observ, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Kepler, S. O.; Pelisoli, Ingrid; Pecanha, Viviane; Costa, J. E. S.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Fis, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Koester, D.] Univ Kiel, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-24098 Kiel, Germany. [Krzesinski, J.] Pedag Univ Cracow, Mt Suhora Observ, PL-30084 Krakow, Poland. [Dufour, P.; Lachapelle, F. -R.; Bergeron, P.] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Yip, Ching-Wa] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Harris, Hugh C.] USN Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Eisenstein, Daniel J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Althaus, L.; Corsico, A.] Fac Ciencias Astron & Geofis, RA-1900 La Plata, Argentina. RP Kleinman, SJ (reprint author), Gemini Observ, 670 N Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM hch@nofs.navy.mil RI Kepler, S. O. /H-5901-2012; Pelisoli, Ingrid/H-8619-2014; OI Kepler, S. O. /0000-0002-7470-5703; Lachapelle, Francois-Rene/0000-0003-4997-0449 FU Gemini Observatory; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute Potsdam; University of Basel; University of Cambridge; Case Western Reserve University; University of Chicago; Drexel University; Fermilab; Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; Ohio State University; University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington; NSERC Canada; FQRNT Quebec; FAPERGS; CNPq-Brazil FX We thank Matt Burleigh for thorough and useful comments during the referee process. This work was partially supported by the Gemini Observatory which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., on behalf of the international Gemini partnership of Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS Web Site is http://www.sdss.org/.; The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, University of Cambridge, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory, and the University of Washington. P. D. is a CRAQ postdoctoral fellow. This work was supported in part by NSERC Canada and FQRNT Quebec. S.O.K., I. P., V.P., and J.E.S. were supported by FAPERGS and CNPq-Brazil. NR 89 TC 129 Z9 129 U1 1 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 204 IS 1 AR UNSP 5 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/204/1/5 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 070NN UT WOS:000313515500005 ER PT J AU Evans, J van Donkelaar, A Martin, RV Burnett, R Rainham, DG Birkett, NJ Krewski, D AF Evans, Jessica van Donkelaar, Aaron Martin, Randall V. Burnett, Richard Rainham, Daniel G. Birkett, Nicholas J. Krewski, Daniel TI Estimates of global mortality attributable to particulate air pollution using satellite imagery SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Health burden; Global; Mortality; Particulate matter; Satellite imaging ID NETWORK AERONET OBSERVATIONS; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; UNITED-STATES; MATTER; DISEASE; QUALITY; HEALTH; VALIDATION; BURDEN; SYSTEM AB Background: Epidemiological studies of the health effects of air pollution have traditionally relied upon ground-monitoring stations to measure ambient concentrations. Satellite derived air pollution measures offer the advantage of providing global coverage. Objective: To undertake a global assessment of mortality associated with long-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution using remote sensing data. Methods: Global PM2.5 exposure levels were derived from the MODIS and MISR satellite instruments. Relative risks and attributable fractions of mortality were modeled using previously developed concentration-response functions for the association between PM2.5 and mortality. Results: The global fraction of adult mortality attributable to the anthropogenic component of PM2.5 (95% CI) was 8.0% (5.3-10.5) for cardiopulmonary disease, 12.8% (5.9-18.5) for lung cancer, and 9.4% (6.6-11.8) for ischemic heart disease. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the feasibility of using satellite derived pollution concentrations in assessing the population health impacts of air pollution at the global scale. This approach leads to global estimates of mortality attributable to PM2.5 that are greater than those based on fixed site ground-level measures of urban PM2.5, but more similar to estimates based on global chemical transport model simulations of anthropogenic PM2.5. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Evans, Jessica] Univ Ottawa, McLaughlin Ctr Populat Hlth Risk Assessment, Inst Populat Hlth, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. [van Donkelaar, Aaron; Martin, Randall V.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 3J5, Canada. [Martin, Randall V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Burnett, Richard] Hlth Canada, Environm & Radiat Hlth Sci Directorate, Hlth Environm & Consumer Safety Branch, Environm Hlth Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada. [Rainham, Daniel G.] Dalhousie Univ, Fac Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Birkett, Nicholas J.; Krewski, Daniel] Univ Ottawa, Dept Epidemiol & Community Med, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. RP Evans, J (reprint author), Univ Ottawa, McLaughlin Ctr Populat Hlth Risk Assessment, Inst Populat Hlth, 1 Stewart St, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada. EM jessica.evans@mail.mcgill.ca RI Martin, Randall/C-1205-2014 OI Martin, Randall/0000-0003-2632-8402 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Killam Trust FX A.v D. was supported by graduate fellowships from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and the Killam Trust. DK is the NSERC Chair in Risk Science at the University of Ottawa. NR 37 TC 61 Z9 64 U1 6 U2 88 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 EI 1096-0953 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 120 BP 33 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2012.08.005 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 071PJ UT WOS:000313606400005 PM 22959329 ER PT J AU Suda-King, C Bania, AE Stromberg, EE Subiaul, F AF Suda-King, Chikako Bania, Amanda E. Stromberg, Erin E. Subiaul, Francys TI Gorillas' use of the escape response in object choice memory tests SO ANIMAL COGNITION LA English DT Article DE Metacognition; Ape; Gorillas; Escape response ID MONKEYS CEBUS-APELLA; MACACA-MULATTA; UNCERTAIN RESPONSE; METAMEMORY; METACOGNITION; AWARENESS; INFORMATION; ORANGUTANS; EVOLUTION; REMEMBER AB The ability to monitor and control one's own cognitive states, metacognition, is crucial for effective learning and problem solving. Although the literature on animal metacognition has grown considerably during last 15 years, there have been few studies examining whether great apes share such introspective abilities with humans. Here, we tested whether four gorillas could meet two criteria of animal metacognition, the increase in escape responses as a function of task difficulty and the chosen-forced performance advantage. During testing, the subjects participated in a series of object choice memory tests in which a preferable reward (two grapes) was placed under one of two or three blue cups. The apes were required to correctly select the baited blue cup in this primary test. Importantly, the subjects also had an escape response (a yellow cup), where they could obtain a secure but smaller reward (one grape) without taking the memory test. Although the gorillas received a relatively small number of trials and thus experienced little training, three gorillas significantly declined the memory tests more often in difficult trials (e.g., when the location of the preferred reward conflicted with side bias) than in easy trials (e.g., when there was no such conflict). Moreover, even when objective cues were eliminated that corresponded to task difficulty, one of the successful gorillas showed evidence suggestive of improved memory performance with the help of escape response by selectively avoiding trials in which he would be likely to err before the memory test actually proceeded. Together, these findings demonstrate that at least some gorillas may be able to make optimal choices on the basis of their own memory trace strength about the location of the preferred reward. C1 [Suda-King, Chikako] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Anim Care Sci, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Suda-King, Chikako; Bania, Amanda E.; Stromberg, Erin E.; Subiaul, Francys] Smithsonians Natl Zool Pk, Think Tank, Washington, DC USA. [Subiaul, Francys] George Washington Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, GW Mind Brain Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Subiaul, Francys] George Washington Univ, Inst Neurosci, Washington, DC USA. [Subiaul, Francys] George Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Ctr Adv Study Human Paleobiol, Washington, DC USA. RP Suda-King, C (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Anim Care Sci, POB 37012,MRC 5507, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM chimpkako@hotmail.com FU David Bohnett Foundation; Smithsonian Institute Fellowship; National Science Foundation [BCS-0748717] FX I thank Lisa Stevens for allowing me to work with the great apes at the Smithsonian's National Zoological Park and all the zookeepers of the Great Ape House for their support. I also thank Milton Tierney for constructing the testing apparatus. This study was supported by a research grant from the David Bohnett Foundation, the Smithsonian Institute Fellowship to CK, and a CAREER Grant from the National Science Foundation to FS (BCS-0748717). All of the experiments were approved by the IACUC of the National Zoological Park and complied with the current laws of the country in which they were conducted. NR 44 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 34 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1435-9448 J9 ANIM COGN JI Anim. Cogn. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 16 IS 1 BP 65 EP 84 DI 10.1007/s10071-012-0551-5 PG 20 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA 063QX UT WOS:000313016000007 PM 22923213 ER PT J AU Basu-Zych, AR Lehmer, BD Hornschemeier, AE Bouwens, RJ Fragos, T Oesch, PA Belczynski, K Brandt, WN Kalogera, V Luo, B Miller, N Mullaney, JR Tzanavaris, P Xue, YQ Zezas, A AF Basu-Zych, Antara R. Lehmer, Bret D. Hornschemeier, Ann E. Bouwens, Rychard J. Fragos, Tassos Oesch, Pascal A. Belczynski, Krzysztof Brandt, W. N. Kalogera, Vassiliki Luo, Bin Miller, Neal Mullaney, James R. Tzanavaris, Panayiotis Xue, Yongquan Zezas, Andreas TI THE X-RAY STAR FORMATION STORY AS TOLD BY LYMAN BREAK GALAXIES IN THE 4 Ms CDF-S SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: high-redshift; Galaxy: evolution; stars: evolution; X-rays: binaries ID DEEP FIELD-SOUTH; HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS; UV LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS; GOODS-NORTH FIELD; EXTRAGALACTIC LEGACY SURVEY; POINT-SOURCE CATALOGS; FORMING GALAXIES; WFC3/IR OBSERVATIONS; FORMATION HISTORY AB We present results from deep X-ray stacking of >4000 high-redshift galaxies from z approximate to 1 to 8 using the 4Ms Chandra Deep Field-South data, the deepest X-ray survey of the extragalactic sky to date. The galaxy samples were selected using the Lyman break technique based primarily on recent Hubble Space Telescope ACS and WFC3 observations. Based on such high specific star formation rates (sSFRs): log SFR/M-* > -8.7, we expect that the observed properties of these Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) are dominated by young stellar populations. The X-ray emission in LBGs, eliminating individually detected X-ray sources (potential active galactic nucleus), is expected to be powered by X-ray binaries and hot gas. We find, for the first time, evidence of evolution in the X-ray/SFR relation. Based on X-ray stacking analyses for z < 4 LBGs (covering similar to 90% of the universe's history), we find that the 2-10 keV X-ray luminosity evolves weakly with redshift (z) and SFR as logL(X) = 0.93 log(1 + z) + 0.65 log SFR + 39.80. By comparing our observations with sophisticated X-ray binary population synthesis models, we interpret that the redshift evolution of L-X/SFR is driven by metallicity evolution in high mass X-ray binaries, likely the dominant population in these high sSFR galaxies. We also compare these models with our observations of X-ray luminosity density (total 2-10 keV luminosity per Mpc(3)) and find excellent agreement. While there are no significant stacked detections at z greater than or similar to 5, we use our upper limits from 5 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 8 LBGs to constrain the supermassive black hole accretion history of the universe around the epoch of reionization. C1 [Basu-Zych, Antara R.; Lehmer, Bret D.; Hornschemeier, Ann E.; Tzanavaris, Panayiotis] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Lehmer, Bret D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Bouwens, Rychard J.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Bouwens, Rychard J.; Oesch, Pascal A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, UCO Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Fragos, Tassos] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Belczynski, Krzysztof] Univ Warsaw, Astron Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Belczynski, Krzysztof] Univ Texas Brownsville, Ctr Gravitat Wave Astron, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA. [Brandt, W. N.; Luo, Bin; Xue, Yongquan] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Brandt, W. N.; Luo, Bin; Xue, Yongquan] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kalogera, Vassiliki] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Miller, Neal] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mullaney, James R.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Xue, Yongquan] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Astron, Key Lab Res Galaxies & Cosmol, Chinese Acad Sci, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Zezas, Andreas] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. [Zezas, Andreas] Univ Crete, Inst Theoret & Computat Phys, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. [Zezas, Andreas] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. RP Basu-Zych, AR (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM antara.r.basu-zych@nasa.gov RI Brandt, William/N-2844-2015; Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011; OI Brandt, William/0000-0002-0167-2453; Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X; Oesch, Pascal/0000-0001-5851-6649 FU Chandra Cycle 12 program [12620841]; NASA [09-ADP09-0071]; NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Goddard Space Flight Center; Einstein Fellowship Program; Youth 1000 Plan program; USTC; NASA through Hubble Fellowship [HF-51278.01]; CfA; ITC prize fellowship programs; CXC [SP1-12007A]; NASA ADP [NNX10AC99G] FX We are grateful to the Chandra Director's office for commissioning the 4 Ms observation of the CDF-S. We thank Eze-quiel Treister for helpful discussions and the anonymous referee for suggestions. This research was supported by Chandra Cycle 12 program No. 12620841 (PI: Basu-Zych) and NASA ADP Proposal 09-ADP09-0071 (PI: Hornschemeier). A.R.B. gratefully acknowledges the appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Goddard Space Flight Center, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA, and NASA's Swift Observatory for salary support. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Einstein Fellowship Program (B.D.L.), the Youth 1000 Plan program and the USTC startup funding (Y.Q.X.). P.O. acknowledges support provided by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HF-51278.01. T. F. acknowledges support from the CfA and the ITC prize fellowship programs. W.N.B., B.L., and Y.Q.X. thank CXC grant SP1-12007A and NASA ADP grant NNX10AC99G. Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA. The GOODS-H data were accessed through the HeDaM database (http://hedam.oamp.fr) operated by CeSAM and hosted by the Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille. NR 87 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2013 VL 762 IS 1 AR 45 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/762/1/45 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 063NY UT WOS:000313007900045 ER PT J AU Beky, B Kocsis, B AF Beky, Bence Kocsis, Bence TI STELLAR TRANSITS IN ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; galaxies: active; techniques: photometric ID MASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; BROAD-LINE REGION; PHOTON IMAGING CAMERA; XMM-NEWTON; ACCRETION DISKS; YOUNG STARS; GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES; GLOBULAR CLUSTER; NGC 1365; M-SIGMA AB Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) are typically surrounded by a dense stellar population in galactic nuclei. Stars crossing the line of site in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) produce a characteristic transit light curve, just like extrasolar planets do when they transit their host star. We examine the possibility of finding such AGN transits in deep optical, UV, and X-ray surveys. We calculate transit light curves using the Novikov-Thorne thin accretion disk model, including general relativistic effects. Based on the expected properties of stellar cusps, we find that around 10(6) solar mass SMBHs, transits of red giants are most common for stars on close orbits with transit durations of a few weeks and orbital periods of a few years. We find that detecting AGN transits requires repeated observations of thousands of low-mass AGNs to 1% photometric accuracy in optical, or similar to 10% in UV bands or soft X-ray. It may be possible to identify stellar transits in the Pan-STARRS and LSST optical and the eROSITA X-ray surveys. Such observations could be used to constrain black hole mass, spin, inclination, and accretion rate. Transit rates and durations could give valuable information on the circumnuclear stellar clusters as well. Transit light curves could be used to image accretion disks with unprecedented resolution, allowing us to resolve the SMBH silhouette in distant AGNs. C1 [Beky, Bence; Kocsis, Bence] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Beky, B (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM bbeky@cfa.harvard.edu; bkocsis@cfa.harvard.edu RI Kocsis, Bence/C-3061-2013 OI Kocsis, Bence/0000-0002-4865-7517 FU NASA through Einstein Fellowship [PF9-00063]; NASA [NAS8-03060] FX The authors thank Akos Bogdan, Martin Elvis, Jeff McClintock, Barry McKernan, and Guido Risaliti for helpful discussions. B.K. acknowledges support from NASA through Einstein Fellowship PF9-00063 issued by the Chandra X-Ray Observatory, operated by the SAO, on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060. NR 91 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2013 VL 762 IS 1 AR 35 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/762/1/35 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 063NY UT WOS:000313007900035 ER PT J AU Broekhoven-Fiene, H Matthews, BC Kennedy, GM Booth, M Sibthorpe, B Lawler, SM Kavelaars, JJ Wyatt, MC Qi, CR Koning, A Su, KYL Rieke, GH Wilner, DJ Greaves, JS AF Broekhoven-Fiene, Hannah Matthews, Brenda C. Kennedy, Grant M. Booth, Mark Sibthorpe, Bruce Lawler, Samantha M. Kavelaars, J. J. Wyatt, Mark C. Qi, Chenruo Koning, Alice Su, Kate Y. L. Rieke, George H. Wilner, David J. Greaves, Jane S. TI THE DEBRIS DISK AROUND gamma DORADUS RESOLVED WITH HERSCHEL SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; infrared: stars; stars: individual (gamma Doradus, HD 27290, HIP 19893) submillimeter: stars; techniques: photometric ID SUN-LIKE STARS; NEARBY STARS; KUIPER-BELT; SUBMILLIMETER IMAGES; SOLAR-SYSTEM; DUSTY DEBRIS; HR 8799; PLANETS; SPITZER; RING AB We present observations of the debris disk around. Doradus, an F1V star, from the Herschel Key Programme DEBRIS (Disc Emission via Bias-free Reconnaissance in the Infrared/Submillimetre). The disk is well resolved at 70, 100, and 160 mu m, resolved along its major axis at 250 mu m, detected but not resolved at 350 mu m, and confused with a background source at 500 mu m. It is one of our best resolved targets and we find it to have a radially broad dust distribution. The modeling of the resolved images cannot distinguish between two configurations: an arrangement of a warm inner ring at several AU (best fit 4 AU) and a cool outer belt extending from similar to 55 to 400 AU or an arrangement of two cool, narrow rings at similar to 70 AU and similar to 190 AU. This suggests that any configuration between these two is also possible. Both models have a total fractional luminosity of similar to 10(-5) and are consistent with the disk being aligned with the stellar equator. The inner edge of either possible configuration suggests that the most likely region to find planets in this system would be within similar to 55 AU of the star. A transient event is not needed to explain the warm dust's fractional luminosity. C1 [Broekhoven-Fiene, Hannah; Matthews, Brenda C.; Booth, Mark; Kavelaars, J. J.; Koning, Alice] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. [Broekhoven-Fiene, Hannah; Matthews, Brenda C.; Booth, Mark; Kavelaars, J. J.; Qi, Chenruo; Koning, Alice] Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Kennedy, Grant M.; Wyatt, Mark C.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Sibthorpe, Bruce] Royal Observ, UK Astron Technol Ctr, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Lawler, Samantha M.; Qi, Chenruo] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Su, Kate Y. L.; Rieke, George H.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Wilner, David J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Greaves, Jane S.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. RP Broekhoven-Fiene, H (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, POB 3055, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. OI Booth, Mark/0000-0001-8568-6336 FU Canadian Space Agency's Space Science Enhancement Program; NASA [1353184] FX H.B.F. and M.B. acknowledge research support from the Canadian Space Agency's Space Science Enhancement Program. Many thanks to Karl Stapelfeldt for the helpful exchange on comparing IRS data to photometry. This work is based on observations made with Herschel, a European Space Agency Cornerstone Mission with significant participation by NASA. Support for this work in part was provided by NASA through an award (No. 1353184, PI: H. M. Butner) issued by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under contract to NASA. NR 67 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2013 VL 762 IS 1 AR 52 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/762/1/52 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 063NY UT WOS:000313007900052 ER PT J AU Dunner, R Hasselfield, M Marriage, TA Sievers, J Acquaviva, V Addison, GE Ade, PAR Aguirre, P Amiri, M Appel, JW Barrientos, LF Battistelli, ES Bond, JR Brown, B Burger, B Calabrese, E Chervenak, J Das, S Devlin, MJ Dicker, SR Doriese, WB Dunkley, J Essinger-Hileman, T Fisher, RP Gralla, MB Fowler, JW Hajian, A Halpern, M Hernandez-Monteagudo, C Hilton, GC Hilton, M Hincks, AD Hlozek, R Huffenberger, KM Hughes, DH Hughes, JP Infante, L Irwin, KD Juin, JB Kaul, M Klein, J Kosowsky, A Lau, JM Limon, M Lin, YT Louis, T Lupton, RH Marsden, D Martocci, K Mauskopf, P Menanteau, F Moodley, K Moseley, H Netterfield, CB Niemack, MD Nolta, MR Page, LA Parker, L Partridge, B Quintana, H Reid, B Sehgal, N Sherwin, BD Spergel, DN Staggs, ST Swetz, DS Switzer, ER Thornton, R Trac, H Tucker, C Warne, R Wilson, G Wollack, E Zhao, Y AF Duenner, Rolando Hasselfield, Matthew Marriage, Tobias A. Sievers, Jon Acquaviva, Viviana Addison, Graeme E. Ade, Peter A. R. Aguirre, Paula Amiri, Mandana Appel, John William Felipe Barrientos, L. Battistelli, Elia S. Bond, J. Richard Brown, Ben Burger, Bryce Calabrese, Erminia Chervenak, Jay Das, Sudeep Devlin, Mark J. Dicker, Simon R. Doriese, W. Bertrand Dunkley, Joanna Essinger-Hileman, Thomas Fisher, Ryan P. Gralla, Megan B. Fowler, Joseph W. Hajian, Amir Halpern, Mark Hernandez-Monteagudo, Carlos Hilton, Gene C. Hilton, Matt Hincks, Adam D. Hlozek, Renee Huffenberger, Kevin M. Hughes, David H. Hughes, John P. Infante, Leopoldo Irwin, Kent D. Baptiste Juin, Jean Kaul, Madhuri Klein, Jeff Kosowsky, Arthur Lau, Judy M. Limon, Michele Lin, Yen-Ting Louis, Thibaut Lupton, Robert H. Marsden, Danica Martocci, Krista Mauskopf, Phil Menanteau, Felipe Moodley, Kavilan Moseley, Harvey Netterfield, Calvin B. Niemack, Michael D. Nolta, Michael R. Page, Lyman A. Parker, Lucas Partridge, Bruce Quintana, Hernan Reid, Beth Sehgal, Neelima Sherwin, Blake D. Spergel, David N. Staggs, Suzanne T. Swetz, Daniel S. Switzer, Eric R. Thornton, Robert Trac, Hy Tucker, Carole Warne, Ryan Wilson, Grant Wollack, Ed Zhao, Yue TI THE ATACAMA COSMOLOGY TELESCOPE: DATA CHARACTERIZATION AND MAPMAKING SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic background radiation; cosmology: observations; instrumentation: miscellaneous ID SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; BACKGROUND POWER SPECTRUM; PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; 148 GHZ; GALAXY CLUSTERS; MICROWAVE; ANISOTROPY; ACT; PARAMETERS; ARRAY AB We present a description of the data reduction and mapmaking pipeline used for the 2008 observing season of the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). The data presented here at 148 GHz represent 12% of the 90 TB collected by ACT from 2007 to 2010. In 2008 we observed for 136 days, producing a total of 1423 hr of data (11 TB for the 148 GHz band only), with a daily average of 10.5 hr of observation. From these, 1085 hr were devoted to an 850 deg(2) stripe (11.2 hr by 9 degrees.1) centered on a declination of -52 degrees.7, while 175 hr were devoted to a 280 deg(2) stripe (4.5 hr by 4 degrees.8) centered at the celestial equator. The remaining 163 hr correspond to calibration runs. We discuss sources of statistical and systematic noise, calibration, telescope pointing, and data selection. For the 148 GHz band, out of 1260 survey hours and 1024 detectors in the array, 816 hr and 593 effective detectors remain after data selection, yielding a 38% survey efficiency. The total sensitivity in 2008, determined from the noise level between 5 Hz and 20 Hz in the time-ordered data stream (TOD), is 32 mu K root s in cosmic microwave background units. Atmospheric brightness fluctuations constitute the main contaminant in the data and dominate the detector noise covariance at low frequencies in the TOD. The maps were made by solving the least-squares problem using the Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient method, incorporating the details of the detector and noise correlations. Simulations, as well as cross-correlations with Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe sky maps on large angular scales, reveal that our maps are unbiased at multipoles l > 300. This paper accompanies the public release of the 148 GHz southern stripe maps from 2008. The techniques described here will be applied to future maps and data releases. C1 [Duenner, Rolando; Aguirre, Paula; Felipe Barrientos, L.; Infante, Leopoldo; Baptiste Juin, Jean; Lin, Yen-Ting; Quintana, Hernan] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile. [Hasselfield, Matthew; Amiri, Mandana; Battistelli, Elia S.; Burger, Bryce; Halpern, Mark] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Marriage, Tobias A.; Acquaviva, Viviana; Das, Sudeep; Dunkley, Joanna; Hajian, Amir; Hlozek, Renee; Lin, Yen-Ting; Lupton, Robert H.; Sehgal, Neelima; Spergel, David N.; Trac, Hy] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Marriage, Tobias A.; Gralla, Megan B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Sievers, Jon; Appel, John William; Das, Sudeep; Dunkley, Joanna; Essinger-Hileman, Thomas; Fisher, Ryan P.; Fowler, Joseph W.; Hajian, Amir; Hincks, Adam D.; Lau, Judy M.; Limon, Michele; Martocci, Krista; Niemack, Michael D.; Page, Lyman A.; Parker, Lucas; Reid, Beth; Sherwin, Blake D.; Staggs, Suzanne T.; Switzer, Eric R.; Zhao, Yue] Princeton Univ, Joseph Henry Labs Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Sievers, Jon; Bond, J. Richard; Hincks, Adam D.; Nolta, Michael R.; Switzer, Eric R.] Univ Toronto, Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. [Acquaviva, Viviana; Hughes, John P.; Menanteau, Felipe] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Addison, Graeme E.; Calabrese, Erminia; Dunkley, Joanna; Hlozek, Renee; Louis, Thibaut] Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Ade, Peter A. R.; Mauskopf, Phil; Tucker, Carole] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Battistelli, Elia S.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Phys, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Brown, Ben; Kosowsky, Arthur] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Chervenak, Jay; Moseley, Harvey; Wollack, Ed] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Das, Sudeep; Reid, Beth] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, LBL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Das, Sudeep; Reid, Beth] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Devlin, Mark J.; Dicker, Simon R.; Kaul, Madhuri; Klein, Jeff; Limon, Michele; Swetz, Daniel S.; Thornton, Robert] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Doriese, W. Bertrand; Fowler, Joseph W.; Hilton, Gene C.; Irwin, Kent D.; Niemack, Michael D.; Swetz, Daniel S.] NIST, Quantum Devices Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Hajian, Amir; Netterfield, Calvin B.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Hernandez-Monteagudo, Carlos] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Hilton, Matt; Moodley, Kavilan; Warne, Ryan] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Sci, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, ZA-4041 Durban, South Africa. [Hilton, Matt] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Ctr Astron & Particle Theory, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Huffenberger, Kevin M.] Univ Miami, Dept Phys, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Hughes, David H.] INAOE, Puebla, Mexico. [Limon, Michele] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Lin, Yen-Ting] Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys & Math Universe, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778568, Japan. [Lin, Yen-Ting] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan. [Marsden, Danica] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Martocci, Krista] Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Lab Astrophys & Space Res, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Moodley, Kavilan] Ctr High Performance Comp, Cape Town, South Africa. [Partridge, Bruce] Haverford Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Haverford, PA 19041 USA. [Thornton, Robert] W Chester Univ Penn, Dept Phys, W Chester, PA 19383 USA. [Trac, Hy] Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Wilson, Grant] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Dunner, R (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Casilla 306, Santiago 22, Chile. RI Klein, Jeffrey/E-3295-2013; Spergel, David/A-4410-2011; Hilton, Matthew James/N-5860-2013; Trac, Hy/N-8838-2014; Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012; OI Sievers, Jonathan/0000-0001-6903-5074; Trac, Hy/0000-0001-6778-3861; Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451; Limon, Michele/0000-0002-5900-2698; Huffenberger, Kevin/0000-0001-7109-0099; Menanteau, Felipe/0000-0002-1372-2534 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [AST-0408698, AST-0965625, PHY-0855887, PHY-1214379]; Princeton University; University of Pennsylvania; Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI) award; Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica de Chile (CONICYT); CFI under Compute Canada; Government of Ontario; Ontario Research Fund-Research Excellence; University of Toronto; CONICYT scholarship; MECESUP; Fundacion Andes; Centro de Astrofisica y Tecnologias Afines CATA del Proyecto Financiamiento Basal [PFB06]; Centro de Astrofisica FONDAP [15010003]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC3-76SF00515]; NSF [1102762]; NSF Physics Frontier Center [PHY-0114422]; Rhodes Trust; Christ Church; [FONDECYT-11100147]; [NSF-AST-0807790] FX This work was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation through awards AST-0408698 and AST-0965625 for the ACT project, and PHY-0855887 and PHY-1214379. Funding was also provided by Princeton University, the University of Pennsylvania, and a Canada Foundation for Innovation (CFI) award to UBC. ACT operates in the Parque Astronomico Atacama in northern Chile under the auspices of the Comision Nacional de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica de Chile (CONICYT). Computations were performed on the GPC supercomputer at the SciNet HPC Consortium. SciNet is funded by the CFI under the auspices of Compute Canada, the Government of Ontario, the Ontario Research Fund-Research Excellence; and the University of Toronto. We specially thank Astro-Norte, Masao Uehara, Felipe Rojas, Patricio Gallardo, Omelan Strysak, Bill Page, Katerina Visnjic, Ben Schmidt, David Faber, and Benjamin Walter. R.D. received additional support from a CONICYT scholarship, from MECESUP, from Fundacion Andes, from FONDECYT-11100147, from Centro de Astrofisica y Tecnologias Afines CATA del Proyecto Financiamiento Basal PFB06, and from Centro de Astrofisica FONDAP 15010003. N.S. is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy contract to SLAC no. DE-AC3-76SF00515 and by the NSF under Award No. 1102762. E.R.S. acknowledges support by NSF Physics Frontier Center grant PHY-0114422 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics. A.K. has been supported by NSF-AST-0807790 for work on ACT. R.H. acknowledges funding from the Rhodes Trust and Christ Church. We are grateful for the assistance we received at various times from the ALMA, APEX, ASTE, CBI/QUIET, and NANTEN2 groups. NR 59 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2013 VL 762 IS 1 AR 10 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/762/1/10 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 063NY UT WOS:000313007900010 ER PT J AU Espaillat, C Ingleby, L Furlan, E McClure, M Spatzier, A Nieusma, J Calvet, N Bergin, E Hartmann, L Miller, JM Muzerolle, J AF Espaillat, C. Ingleby, L. Furlan, E. McClure, M. Spatzier, A. Nieusma, J. Calvet, N. Bergin, E. Hartmann, L. Miller, J. M. Muzerolle, J. TI TRACING HIGH-ENERGY RADIATION FROM T TAURI STARS USING MID-INFRARED NEON EMISSION FROM DISKS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; circumstellar matter; protoplanetary disks ID SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; PHOTOEVAPORATING PROTOPLANETARY DISCS; HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY; INFRARED SPECTROGRAPH SURVEY; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; MU-M EMISSION; X-RAY; CHAMELEON-I; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET AB High-energy radiation from T Tauri stars (TTS) influences the amount and longevity of gas in disks, thereby playing a crucial role in the creation of gas giant planets. Here we probe the high-energy ionizing radiation from TTS using high-resolution mid-infrared (MIR) Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph neon forbidden line detections in a sample of disks from IC 348, NGC 2068, and Chamaeleon. We report three new detections of [NeIII] from CS Cha, SZ Cha, and T 54, doubling the known number of [NeIII] detections from TTS. Using [Ne III]-to-[Ne II] ratios in conjunction with X-ray emission measurements, we probe high-energy radiation from TTS. The majority of previously inferred [NeIII]/[Ne II] ratios based on [NeIII] line upper limits are significantly less than 1, pointing to the dominance of either X-ray radiation or soft extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) radiation in producing these lines. Here we report the first observational evidence for hard EUV-dominated Ne forbidden line production in a T Tauri disk: [Ne III]/[NeII] similar to 1 in SZ Cha. Our results provide a unique insight into the EUV emission from TTS, by suggesting that EUV radiation may dominate the creation of Ne forbidden lines, albeit in a minority of cases. C1 [Espaillat, C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ingleby, L.; McClure, M.; Nieusma, J.; Calvet, N.; Bergin, E.; Hartmann, L.; Miller, J. M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Furlan, E.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Spatzier, A.] Oberlin Coll, Wright Lab Phys, Oberlin, OH 44074 USA. [Muzerolle, J.] Space Telescope Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Espaillat, C (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS-78, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM cespaillat@cfa.harvard.edu; lingleby@umich.edu; furlan@ipac.caltech.edu; melisma@umich.edu; aspatzie@oberlin.edu; jdnieusma@gmail.com; ncalvet@umich.edu; ebergin@umich.edu; lhartm@umich.edu; jonmm@umich.edu; muzerol@stsci.edu OI McClure, Melissa/0000-0003-1878-327X; Furlan, Elise/0000-0001-9800-6248 FU NSF [0901947]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX08AH94G, JPL 1309768, GOX-9029X] FX We thank U. Gorti, D. Hollenbach, and I. Pascucci for comments on the manuscript and J. Raymond for discussions. We thank the referee for useful comments. C. E. was supported by the NSF under award No. 0901947 and a Sagan Exoplanet Fellowship from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and administered by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute (NExScI). N.C. acknowledges support from NASA Origins Grant NNX08AH94G. Support was also provided by NASA through award JPL 1309768 and Chandra award GOX-9029X. NR 82 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2013 VL 762 IS 1 AR 62 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/762/1/62 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 063NY UT WOS:000313007900062 ER PT J AU Grady, CA Muto, T Hashimoto, J Fukagawa, M Currie, T Biller, B Thalmann, C Sitko, ML Russell, R Wisniewski, J Dong, R Kwon, J Sai, S Hornbeck, J Schneider, G Hines, D Martin, AM Feldt, M Henning, T Pott, JU Bonnefoy, M Bouwman, J Lacour, S Mueller, A Juhasz, A Crida, A Chauvin, G Andrews, S Wilner, D Kraus, A Dahm, S Robitaille, T Jang-Condell, H Abe, L Akiyama, E Brandner, W Brandt, T Carson, J Egner, S Follette, KB Goto, M Guyon, O Hayano, Y Hayashi, M Hayashi, S Hodapp, K Ishii, M Iye, M Janson, M Kandori, R Knapp, G Kudo, T Kusakabe, N Kuzuhara, M Mayama, S McElwain, M Matsuo, T Miyama, S Morino, JI Nishimura, T Pyo, TS Serabyn, G Suto, H Suzuki, R Takami, M Takato, N Terada, H Tomono, D Turner, E Watanabe, M Yamada, T Takami, H Usuda, T Tamura, M AF Grady, C. A. Muto, T. Hashimoto, J. Fukagawa, M. Currie, T. Biller, B. Thalmann, C. Sitko, M. L. Russell, R. Wisniewski, J. Dong, R. Kwon, J. Sai, S. Hornbeck, J. Schneider, G. Hines, D. Moro Martin, A. Feldt, M. Henning, Th. Pott, J. -U. Bonnefoy, M. Bouwman, J. Lacour, S. Mueller, A. Juhasz, A. Crida, A. Chauvin, G. Andrews, S. Wilner, D. Kraus, A. Dahm, S. Robitaille, T. Jang-Condell, H. Abe, L. Akiyama, E. Brandner, W. Brandt, T. Carson, J. Egner, S. Follette, K. B. Goto, M. Guyon, O. Hayano, Y. Hayashi, M. Hayashi, S. Hodapp, K. Ishii, M. Iye, M. Janson, M. Kandori, R. Knapp, G. Kudo, T. Kusakabe, N. Kuzuhara, M. Mayama, S. McElwain, M. Matsuo, T. Miyama, S. Morino, J. -I. Nishimura, T. Pyo, T. -S. Serabyn, G. Suto, H. Suzuki, R. Takami, M. Takato, N. Terada, H. Tomono, D. Turner, E. Watanabe, M. Yamada, T. Takami, H. Usuda, T. Tamura, M. TI SPIRAL ARMS IN THE ASYMMETRICALLY ILLUMINATED DISK OF MWC 758 AND CONSTRAINTS ON GIANT PLANETS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; instrumentation: high angular resolution; polarization; protoplanetary disks; stars: individual (MWC 758); waves ID HERBIG-AE/BE STARS; 2-DIMENSIONAL RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; PROTOSTELLAR ENVELOPES; EVOLUTIONARY MODELS; TRANSITIONAL DISKS; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; DUST FILTRATION; INNER DISK; GAP EDGES AB We present the first near-IR scattered light detection of the transitional disk associated with the Herbig Ae star MWC 758 using data obtained as part of the Strategic Exploration of Exoplanets and Disks with Subaru, and 1.1 mu m Hubble Space Telescope/NICMOS data. While submillimeter studies suggested there is a dust-depleted cavity with r = 0 ''.35, we find scattered light as close as 0 ''.1 (20-28 AU) from the star, with no visible cavity at H, K', or K-s. We find two small-scaled spiral structures that asymmetrically shadow the outer disk. We model one of the spirals using spiral density wave theory, and derive a disk aspect ratio of h similar to 0.18, indicating a dynamically warm disk. If the spiral pattern is excited by a perturber, we estimate its mass to be 5(-4)(+3) -4 M-J, in the range where planet filtration models predict accretion continuing onto the star. Using a combination of non-redundant aperture masking data at L' and angular differential imaging with Locally Optimized Combination of Images at K' and K-s, we exclude stellar or massive brown dwarf companions within 300 mas of the Herbig Ae star, and all but planetary mass companions exterior to 0 ''.5. We reach 5 sigma contrasts limiting companions to planetary masses, 3-4 MJ at 1 ''.0 C1 [Grady, C. A.] Eureka Sci, Oakland, CA 96002 USA. [Grady, C. A.; Currie, T.; McElwain, M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, ExoPlanets & Stellar Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Grady, C. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Goddard Ctr Astrobiol, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Muto, T.] Kogakuin Univ, Div Liberal Arts, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1638677, Japan. [Hashimoto, J.; Kwon, J.; Akiyama, E.; Hayashi, M.; Iye, M.; Kandori, R.; Kusakabe, N.; Kuzuhara, M.; Matsuo, T.; Morino, J. -I.; Suto, H.; Suzuki, R.; Takami, H.; Tamura, M.] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Fukagawa, M.; Sai, S.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Currie, T.] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. [Feldt, M.; Henning, Th.; Pott, J. -U.; Bonnefoy, M.; Bouwman, J.; Mueller, A.; Brandner, W.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Biller, B.; Thalmann, C.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Sitko, M. L.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Sitko, M. L.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Phys, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Russell, R.] Aerosp Corp, Los Angeles, CA 90009 USA. [Wisniewski, J.; Turner, E.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Dong, R.; Brandt, T.; Janson, M.; Knapp, G.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Kwon, J.; Tamura, M.] Grad Univ Adv Studies SOKENDAI, Dept Astron Sci, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Hornbeck, J.] Univ Louisville, Dept Phys & Astron, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Schneider, G.; Follette, K. B.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hines, D.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Moro Martin, A.] CSIC, CAB INTA, Dept Astrofis, Inst Nacl Tcn Aeroespacial, E-28850 Madrid, Spain. [Lacour, S.] Univ Paris Diderot, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, LESIA Observ Paris, F-92195 Meudon, France. [Juhasz, A.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Crida, A.] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, Observ Cote Azur, Lab Lagrange, CNRS,UMR7293, F-06304 Nice 4, France. [Chauvin, G.] Observ Grenoble, Astrophys Lab, F-38041 Grenoble 09, France. [Andrews, S.; Wilner, D.; Robitaille, T.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kraus, A.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Dahm, S.] WM Keck Observ, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA. [Jang-Condell, H.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Abe, L.] Univ Le Nice Sophia Antipolis, Observ Cte Azur, Lab Lagrange, CNRS,UMR7293, F-06300 Nice, France. [Carson, J.] Coll Charleston, Dept Phys & Astron, Charleston, SC 29424 USA. [Egner, S.; Hayano, Y.; Hayashi, S.; Ishii, M.; Kudo, T.; Nishimura, T.; Pyo, T. -S.; Terada, H.; Usuda, T.] Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Goto, M.; Takato, N.; Tomono, D.] Univ Sternwarte, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Guyon, O.; Hodapp, K.; Turner, E.] Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe, Kashiwa, Chiba 2278568, Japan. [Kuzuhara, M.] Inst Astron, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Mayama, S.] Grad Univ Adv Studies SOKENDAI, Hayama, Kanagawa 2400193, Japan. [Miyama, S.] Hiroshima Univ, Off President, Higashihiroshima 7398511, Japan. [Serabyn, G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Takami, M.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Watanabe, M.] Hokkaido Univ, Dept Cosmosci, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan. [Yamada, T.] Tohoku Univ, Astron Inst, Aoba Ku, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. RP Grady, CA (reprint author), Eureka Sci, 2452 Delmer,Suite 100, Oakland, CA 96002 USA. EM carol.a.grady@nasa.gov RI MIYAMA, Shoken/A-3598-2015; Watanabe, Makoto/E-3667-2016; OI Watanabe, Makoto/0000-0002-3656-4081; Robitaille, Thomas/0000-0002-8642-1329 FU NASA [NAS 5-26555, NNH06CC28C, NNX09AC73G]; KAKENHI [22000005, 23103002, 23103004, 24840037]; WPI Initiative, MEXT, Japan [NSF AST 1008440, 1009203, 1009314] FX This work, in part, is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. The NICMOS observations are associated with program HST-GO-10177, while the STIS imagery is from HST-GTO-8474. The authors thank the support staff members of the IRTF telescope for assistance in obtaining the SED data, and the IR&D program at The Aerospace Corporation. This work is partially supported by KAKENHI 22000005 (M.T.), 23103002 (M.H. and M.H.), 23103004 (M.F.), and 24840037 (T. M.), WPI Initiative, MEXT, Japan (E.L.T.), NSF AST 1008440 (C.A.G.) and 1009203 (J.C.), and 1009314 (J.P.W.), and NASA NNH06CC28C (M.L.S.) and NNX09AC73G (C.A.G. and M.L.S.). T.C. was supported by a NASA Postdoctoral Fellowship for most of this work. We thank the anonymous referee for extremely helpful suggestions which have improved the paper. NR 69 TC 90 Z9 90 U1 1 U2 18 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2013 VL 762 IS 1 AR 48 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/762/1/48 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 063NY UT WOS:000313007900048 ER PT J AU McCollough, ML Smith, RK Valencic, LA AF McCollough, M. L. Smith, R. K. Valencic, L. A. TI CYGNUS X-3's LITTLE FRIEND SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE X-rays: binaries; X-rays: individuals (Cygnus X-3); X-rays: ISM ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; INTERSTELLAR GRAINS; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; RELATIVISTIC JET; EMISSION; CHANDRA; DUST; SPECTROSCOPY; EVOLUTION AB Using the unique X-ray imaging capabilities of the Chandra X-ray observatory, a 2006 observation of Cygnus X-3 has provided insight into a singular feature associated with this well-known microquasar. This extended emission, located similar to 16 '' from Cygnus X-3, varies in flux and orbital phase (shifted by 0.56 in phase) with Cygnus X-3, acting like a celestial X-ray "mirror." The feature's spectrum, flux, and time variations allow us to determine the location, size, density, and mass of the scatterer. We find that the scatterer is a Bok Globule located along our line of sight, and we discuss its relationship to Cygnus X-3. This is the first time such a feature has been identified with Chandra. C1 [McCollough, M. L.; Smith, R. K.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Valencic, L. A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP McCollough, ML (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mmccollough@head.cfa.harvard.edu FU NASA [G06-7031X, NAS8-03060] FX M.L.M. acknowledges support from NASA under grant/contract G06-7031X and NAS8-03060. M.L.M. also acknowledges useful discussions with Ramesh Narayan concerning the scattering path through and interactions with interstellar clouds. We thank the referee for helpful comments and suggestions. This research has made use of data obtained from the Chandra Data Archive and software provided by the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC). NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2013 VL 762 IS 1 AR 2 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/762/1/2 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 063NY UT WOS:000313007900002 ER PT J AU Sandquist, EL Mathieu, RD Brogaard, K Meibom, S Geller, AM Orosz, JA Milliman, KE Jeffries, MW Brewer, LN Platais, I Grundahl, F Bruntt, H Frandsen, S Stello, D AF Sandquist, Eric L. Mathieu, Robert D. Brogaard, Karsten Meibom, Soren Geller, Aaron M. Orosz, Jerome A. Milliman, Katelyn E. Jeffries, Mark W., Jr. Brewer, Lauren N. Platais, Imants Grundahl, Frank Bruntt, Hans Frandsen, Soren Stello, Dennis TI A LONG-PERIOD TOTALLY ECLIPSING BINARY STAR AT THE TURNOFF OF THE OPEN CLUSTER NGC 6819 DISCOVERED WITH KEPLER SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: eclipsing; binaries: spectroscopic; open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 6819); stars: distances; stars: evolution; stars: low-mass ID SOLAR-LIKE OSCILLATIONS; WIYN OPEN CLUSTER; LOW-MASS STARS; STELLAR EVOLUTION DATABASE; VARIABLE-STARS; MAIN-SEQUENCE; RED GIANTS; ERROR-CORRECTION; ACCURATE MASSES; RADIUS RELATION AB We present the discovery of the totally eclipsing long-period (P = 771.8 days) binary system WOCS 23009 in the old open cluster NGC 6819 that contains both an evolved star near central hydrogen exhaustion and a low-mass (0.45M(circle dot)) star. This system was previously known to be a single-lined spectroscopic binary, but the discovery of an eclipse near apastron using data from the Kepler space telescope makes it clear that the system has an inclination that is very close to 90 degrees Although the secondary star has not been identified in spectra, the mass of the primary star can be constrained using other eclipsing binaries in the cluster. The combination of the total eclipses and a mass constraint for the primary star allows us to determine a reliable mass for the secondary star and radii for both stars, and to constrain the cluster age. Unlike well-measured stars of similar mass in field binaries, the low-mass secondary is not significantly inflated in radius compared to model predictions. The primary star characteristics, in combination with cluster photometry and masses from other cluster binaries, indicate a best age of 2.62 +/- 0.25 Gyr, although stellar model physics may introduce systematic uncertainties at the similar to 10% level. We find preliminary evidence that the asteroseismic predictions for red giant masses in this cluster are systematically too high by as much as 8%. C1 [Sandquist, Eric L.; Orosz, Jerome A.; Jeffries, Mark W., Jr.; Brewer, Lauren N.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Astron, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Mathieu, Robert D.; Geller, Aaron M.; Milliman, Katelyn E.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Brogaard, Karsten] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. [Brogaard, Karsten; Grundahl, Frank; Bruntt, Hans; Frandsen, Soren] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Meibom, Soren] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Geller, Aaron M.] CIERA, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Geller, Aaron M.] Northwestern Univ, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Platais, Imants] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Stello, Dennis] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron SIfA, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Sandquist, EL (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Astron, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. EM erics@mintaka.sdsu.edu; mathieu@astro.wisc.edu; kfb@phys.au.dk; smeibom@cfa.harvard.edu; a-geller@northwestern.edu; orosz@sciences.sdsu.edu; milliman@astro.wisc.edu; jeffries@sciences.sdsu.edu; imants@pha.jhu.edu; fgj@phys.au.dk; bruntt@gmail.com; srf@phys.au.dk; stello@physics.usyd.edu.au OI Brogaard, Karsten/0000-0003-2001-0276 FU National Science Foundation [AST 09-08536, AST-0908082]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX11AC76G, NAS5-26555]; Carlsberg Foundation; NASA Office of Space Science [NNX09AF08G] FX We are very grateful to the Kepler team for the opportunity to work with such a precise and extensive data set for detecting variable stars. We also thank G. Feiden for helpful conversations. Our work has been funded through grant AST 09-08536 from the National Science Foundation and grant NNX11AC76G from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration to E.L.S.K.B. acknowledges support from the Carlsberg Foundation. The WIYN Open Cluster Study has most recently been supported by National Science Foundation grant AST-0908082. This paper includes data collected by the Kepler mission. Funding for the Kepler mission is provided by the NASA Science Mission directorate. This research made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France; the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; the WEBDA database, operated at the Institute for Astronomy of the University of Vienna; and the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for MAST is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science via grant NNX09AF08G and by other grants and contracts. NR 72 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2013 VL 762 IS 1 AR 58 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/762/1/58 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 063NY UT WOS:000313007900058 ER PT J AU Slater, CT Bell, EF Schlafly, EF Juric, M Martin, NF Rix, HW Bernard, EJ Burgett, WS Chambers, KC Finkbeiner, DP Goldman, B Kaiser, N Magnier, EA Morganson, EP Price, PA Tonry, JL AF Slater, C. T. Bell, E. F. Schlafly, E. F. Juric, M. Martin, N. F. Rix, H. -W. Bernard, E. J. Burgett, W. S. Chambers, K. C. Finkbeiner, D. P. Goldman, B. Kaiser, N. Magnier, E. A. Morganson, E. P. Price, P. A. Tonry, J. L. TI A Pan-STARRS1 VIEW OF THE BIFURCATED SAGITTARIUS STREAM SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: halo; Galaxy: structure; Local Group ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXY; GIANT BRANCH TIP; RED CLUMP STARS; RR-LYRAE STARS; MILKY-WAY; GALACTIC HALO; TIDAL STREAM; PHOTOMETRIC CALIBRATION; STELLAR STREAM AB We use data from the Pan-STARRS1 survey to present a panoramic view of the Sagittarius tidal stream in the southern Galactic hemisphere. As a result of the extensive sky coverage of Pan-STARRS1, the southern stream is visible along more than 60 degrees of its orbit, nearly double the length seen by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The recently discovered southern bifurcation of the stream is also apparent, with the fainter branch of the stream visible over at least 30 degrees. Using a combination of fitting both the main-sequence turnoff and the red clump, we measure the distance to both arms of the stream in the south. We find that the distances to the bright arm of the stream agree very well with the N-body models of Law & Majewski. We also find that the faint arm lies similar to 5 kpc closer to the Sun than the bright arm, similar to the behavior seen in the northern hemisphere. C1 [Slater, C. T.; Bell, E. F.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Schlafly, E. F.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Juric, M.; Finkbeiner, D. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Juric, M.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85121 USA. [Juric, M.] LSST Corp, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Martin, N. F.] Univ Strasbourg, CNRS, UMR 7550, Observ Astron Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France. [Martin, N. F.; Rix, H. -W.; Goldman, B.; Morganson, E. P.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Bernard, E. J.] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, SUPA, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Burgett, W. S.; Chambers, K. C.; Kaiser, N.; Magnier, E. A.; Tonry, J. L.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Price, P. A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Slater, CT (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 500 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM ctslater@umich.edu OI Bernard, Edouard/0000-0002-8722-225X; Schlafly, Edward Ford/0000-0002-3569-7421; Chambers, Kenneth /0000-0001-6965-7789; Bell, Eric/0000-0002-5564-9873 FU NSF grant [AST 1008342]; Sonderforschungsbereich "The Milky Way System" of the German Research Foundation (DFG) [SFB 881, A3]; Institute for Astronomy; University of Hawaii; Pan-STARRS Project Office; Max-Planck Society; Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching; The Johns Hopkins University; Durham University; University of Edinburgh; Queens University Belfast; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Incorporated; National Central University of Taiwan; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate [NNX08AR22G] FX We thank the anonymous referee for their careful reading and helpful comments. This work was partially supported by NSF grant AST 1008342. N.F.M. and E.P.M. were both partially funded by Sonderforschungsbereich SFB 881 "The Milky Way System" (subproject A3) of the German Research Foundation (DFG).; The Pan-STARRS1 Survey has been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queens University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, and the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate. NR 46 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2013 VL 762 IS 1 AR 6 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/762/1/6 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 063NY UT WOS:000313007900006 ER PT J AU Wardlow, JL Cooray, A De Bernardis, F Amblard, A Arumugam, V Aussel, H Baker, AJ Bethermin, M Blundell, R Bock, J Boselli, A Bridge, C Buat, V Burgarella, D Bussmann, RS Cabrera-Lavers, A Calanog, J Carpenter, JM Casey, CM Castro-Rodriguez, N Cava, A Chanial, P Chapin, E Chapman, SC Clements, DL Conley, A Cox, P Dowell, CD Dye, S Eales, S Farrah, D Ferrero, P Franceschini, A Frayer, DT Frazer, C Fu, H Gavazzi, R Glenn, J Solares, EAG Griffin, M Gurwell, MA Harris, AI Hatziminaoglou, E Hopwood, R Hyde, A Ibar, E Ivison, RJ Kim, S Lagache, G Levenson, L Marchetti, L Marsden, G Martinez-Navajas, P Negrello, M Neri, R Nguyen, HT O'Halloran, B Oliver, SJ Omont, A Page, MJ Panuzzo, P Papageorgiou, A Pearson, CP Perez-Fournon, I Pohlen, M Riechers, D Rigopoulou, D Roseboom, IG Rowan-Robinson, M Schulz, B Scott, D Scoville, N Seymour, N Shupe, DL Smith, AJ Streblyanska, A Strom, A Symeonidis, M Trichas, M Vaccari, M Vieira, JD Viero, M Wang, L Xu, CK Yan, L Zemcov, M AF Wardlow, Julie L. Cooray, Asantha De Bernardis, Francesco Amblard, A. Arumugam, V. Aussel, H. Baker, A. J. Bethermin, M. Blundell, R. Bock, J. Boselli, A. Bridge, C. Buat, V. Burgarella, D. Bussmann, R. S. Cabrera-Lavers, A. Calanog, J. Carpenter, J. M. Casey, C. M. Castro-Rodriguez, N. Cava, A. Chanial, P. Chapin, E. Chapman, S. C. Clements, D. L. Conley, A. Cox, P. Dowell, C. D. Dye, S. Eales, S. Farrah, D. Ferrero, P. Franceschini, A. Frayer, D. T. Frazer, C. Fu, Hai Gavazzi, R. Glenn, J. Solares, E. A. Gonzalez Griffin, M. Gurwell, M. A. Harris, A. I. Hatziminaoglou, E. Hopwood, R. Hyde, A. Ibar, E. Ivison, R. J. Kim, S. Lagache, G. Levenson, L. Marchetti, L. Marsden, G. Martinez-Navajas, P. Negrello, M. Neri, R. Nguyen, H. T. O'Halloran, B. Oliver, S. J. Omont, A. Page, M. J. Panuzzo, P. Papageorgiou, A. Pearson, C. P. Perez-Fournon, I. Pohlen, M. Riechers, D. Rigopoulou, D. Roseboom, I. G. Rowan-Robinson, M. Schulz, B. Scott, D. Scoville, N. Seymour, N. Shupe, D. L. Smith, A. J. Streblyanska, A. Strom, A. Symeonidis, M. Trichas, M. Vaccari, M. Vieira, J. D. Viero, M. Wang, L. Xu, C. K. Yan, L. Zemcov, M. TI HerMES: CANDIDATE GRAVITATIONALLY LENSED GALAXIES AND LENSING STATISTICS AT SUBMILLIMETER WAVELENGTHS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing: strong; submillimeter: galaxies ID SPECTROSCOPICALLY SELECTED SAMPLE; HERSCHEL-SPIRE INSTRUMENT; MASS-DENSITY PROFILE; SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; WIDE-FIELD SURVEY; ALL-SKY SURVEY; NUMBER COUNTS; ACS SURVEY; DARK-MATTER; EXTRAGALACTIC SURVEY AB We present a list of 13 candidate gravitationally lensed submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) from 95 deg(2) of the Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey, a surface density of 0.14 +/- 0.04 deg(-2). The selected sources have 500 mu m flux densities (S-500) greater than 100 mJy. Gravitational lensing is confirmed by follow-up observations in 9 of the 13 systems (70%), and the lensing status of the four remaining sources is undetermined. We also present a supplementary sample of 29 (0.31 +/- 0.06 deg(-2)) gravitationally lensed SMG candidates with S-500 = 80-100 mJy, which are expected to contain a higher fraction of interlopers than the primary candidates. The number counts of the candidate lensed galaxies are consistent with a simple statistical model of the lensing rate, which uses a foreground matter distribution, the intrinsic SMG number counts, and an assumed SMG redshift distribution. The model predicts that 32%-74% of our S-500 >= 100 mJy candidates are strongly gravitationally lensed (mu >= 2), with the brightest sources being the most robust; this is consistent with the observational data. Our statistical model also predicts that, on average, lensed galaxies with S-500 = 100 mJy are magnified by factors of similar to 9, with apparently brighter galaxies having progressively higher average magnification, due to the shape of the intrinsic number counts. 65% of the sources are expected to have intrinsic 500 mu m flux densities less than 30 mJy. Thus, samples of strongly gravitationally lensed SMGs, such as those presented here, probe below the nominal Herschel detection limit at 500 mu m. They are good targets for the detailed study of the physical conditions in distant dusty, star-forming galaxies, due to the lensing magnification, which can lead to spatial resolutions of similar to 0 ''.01 in the source plane. C1 [Wardlow, Julie L.; Cooray, Asantha; De Bernardis, Francesco; Calanog, J.; Frazer, C.; Fu, Hai; Kim, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Amblard, A.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Arumugam, V.; Ivison, R. J.; Roseboom, I. G.] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Aussel, H.; Bethermin, M.; Chanial, P.; Panuzzo, P.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, CEA DSM Irfu, CE Saclay,Lab AIM Paris Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Baker, A. J.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Bethermin, M.; Lagache, G.] Univ Paris 11, IAS, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Bethermin, M.; Lagache, G.] CNRS, UMR 8617, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Blundell, R.; Bussmann, R. S.; Gurwell, M. A.; Trichas, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bock, J.; Dowell, C. D.; Levenson, L.; Nguyen, H. T.; Zemcov, M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Boselli, A.; Buat, V.; Burgarella, D.] Univ Aix Marseille, LAM, F-13388 Marseille 13, France. [Boselli, A.; Buat, V.; Burgarella, D.] CNRS, UMR7326, F-13388 Marseille 13, France. [Cabrera-Lavers, A.; Castro-Rodriguez, N.; Ferrero, P.; Martinez-Navajas, P.; Perez-Fournon, I.; Streblyanska, A.] IAC, E-38200 Tenerife, Spain. [Cabrera-Lavers, A.; Castro-Rodriguez, N.; Ferrero, P.; Martinez-Navajas, P.; Perez-Fournon, I.; Streblyanska, A.] ULL, Dept Astrofis, E-38205 Tenerife, Spain. [Cabrera-Lavers, A.] GTC Project, E-38205 Tenerife, Spain. [Casey, C. M.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Cava, A.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac CC Fis, Dept Astrofis, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Chapin, E.] European Space Astron Ctr, Herschel Sci Ctr, E-28691 Madrid, Spain. [Chapman, S. C.; Solares, E. A. Gonzalez; Strom, A.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Clements, D. L.; Glenn, J.; Hopwood, R.; Hyde, A.; O'Halloran, B.; Rowan-Robinson, M.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Astrophys Grp, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Conley, A.; Glenn, J.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron UCB 389, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Cox, P.; Neri, R.] Inst RadioAstron Millimetr, F-38406 St Martin Dheres, France. [Dye, S.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Eales, S.; Griffin, M.; Papageorgiou, A.; Pohlen, M.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Farrah, D.; Oliver, S. J.; Roseboom, I. G.; Smith, A. J.; Wang, L.] Univ Sussex, Ctr Astron, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Farrah, D.] Virginia Tech, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Franceschini, A.; Marchetti, L.; Negrello, M.; Vaccari, M.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Astron, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Frayer, D. T.] NRAO, Green Bank, WV 24944 USA. [Gavazzi, R.; Omont, A.] UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Glenn, J.] Univ Colorado, CASA UCB 389, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Harris, A. I.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hatziminaoglou, E.] ESO, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Ibar, E.; Ivison, R. J.] Royal Observ, UK Astron Technol Ctr, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Marsden, G.; Scott, D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Page, M. J.; Seymour, N.; Symeonidis, M.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Dorking RH5 6NT, Surrey, England. [Pearson, C. P.; Rigopoulou, D.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, RAL Space, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Pearson, C. P.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Rigopoulou, D.] Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Schulz, B.; Shupe, D. L.; Xu, C. K.] CALTECH, Ctr Infrared Proc & Anal, JPL, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Seymour, N.] CSIRO, Astron & Space Sci, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Vaccari, M.] Univ Western Cape, Astrophys Grp, Dept Phys, ZA-7535 Cape Town, South Africa. RP Wardlow, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RI amblard, alexandre/L-7694-2014; Wardlow, Julie/C-9903-2015; Ivison, R./G-4450-2011; Vaccari, Mattia/R-3431-2016; Cava, Antonio/C-5274-2017; OI amblard, alexandre/0000-0002-2212-5395; Dye, Simon/0000-0002-1318-8343; Wardlow, Julie/0000-0003-2376-8971; Ivison, R./0000-0001-5118-1313; Vaccari, Mattia/0000-0002-6748-0577; Cava, Antonio/0000-0002-4821-1275; Scott, Douglas/0000-0002-6878-9840; Marchetti, Lucia/0000-0003-3948-7621; Seymour, Nicholas/0000-0003-3506-5536; Casey, Caitlin/0000-0002-0930-6466; Bethermin, Matthieu/0000-0002-3915-2015 FU Smithsonian Institution; Academia Sinica; CARMA; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation; James S. McDonnell Foundation; Associates of the California Institute of Technology; University of Chicago; states of California, Illinois, and Maryland; National Science Foundation; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; CSA (Canada); NAOC (China); CEA, CNES, CNRS (France); ASI (Italy); MCINN (Spain); SNSB (Sweden); STFC, UKSA (UK); NASA (USA); NSF [AST-0645427]; Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/F002858/1, ST/I000976/1]; Italian Space Agency [I/005/07/0]; NASA through a Spitzer Space Telescope grant; NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-12194, GO-12488]; NASA [NAS5-26555] FX SPIRE has been developed by a consortium of institutes led by Cardiff University (UK) and including University of Lethbridge (Canada); NAOC (China); CEA, LAM (France); IFSI, University of Padua (Italy); IAC (Spain); Stockholm Observatory (Sweden); Imperial College London, RAL, UCL-MSSL, UKATC, University of Sussex (UK); and Caltech, JPL, NHSC, University of Colorado (USA). This development has been supported by national funding agencies CSA (Canada); NAOC (China); CEA, CNES, CNRS (France); ASI (Italy); MCINN (Spain); SNSB (Sweden); STFC, UKSA (UK); and NASA (USA).; J.L.W., A.C., F.d.B., C.F., S.K., H.F., and J.C. acknowledge partial support from NSF CAREER AST-0645427 (to A.C. at UCI). S.J.O., L.W., and A.S. acknowledge support from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (grant No. ST/F002858/1 and grant No. ST/I000976/1) at U. of Sussex. A. F., G.M., L.M., and M.V. were supported by the Italian Space Agency (ASI "Herschel Science" Contract I/005/07/0). D.R. acknowledges support from NASA through a Spitzer Space Telescope grant.; Support for program numbers GO-12194 and GO-12488 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555.; The Submillimeter Array is a joint project between the Smith-sonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica.; Support for CARMA construction was derived from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; the Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation; the James S. McDonnell Foundation; the Associates of the California Institute of Technology; the University of Chicago; the states of California, Illinois, and Maryland; and the National Science Foundation. Ongoing CARMA development and operations are supported by the National Science Foundation under a cooperative agreement and by the CARMA partner universities.; This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 155 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2013 VL 762 IS 1 AR 59 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/762/1/59 PG 28 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 063NY UT WOS:000313007900059 ER PT J AU Powers, JS Perez-Aviles, D AF Powers, Jennifer S. Perez-Aviles, Daniel TI Edaphic Factors are a More Important Control on Surface Fine Roots than Stand Age in Secondary Tropical Dry Forests SO BIOTROPICA LA English DT Article DE belowground biomass; Costa Rica; secondary succession; soil nutrients ID COSTA-RICA; SOIL CARBON; LAND-USE; ABANDONED PASTURES; EASTERN AMAZONIA; GLOBAL PATTERNS; MOIST FOREST; WET FOREST; BIOMASS; ECOSYSTEMS AB Although there are generalized conceptual models that predict how above and belowground biomass increase during secondary succession after abandonment from agriculture, there are few data to test these models for fine roots (defined as <= 2 mm diameter) in tropical forests. We measured live and dead fine roots (0-10 cm depth) in 18 plots of regenerating tropical dry forest in Costa Rica that varied in age from 5 to 60 yrs, as well as in soil properties. We predicted that both stand age and soil fertility would affect fine roots, with greater values in older forests on low fertility soils. Across two sampling dates and locations, live fine roots varied from 0.35 to 3.53 Mg/ha and dead roots varied from 0.15 to 0.93 Mg/ha. Surprisingly, there was little evidence that surface fine roots varied between sampling dates or in relation to stand age. By contrast, total, live, and dead fine roots averaged across sampling dates within plots were negatively correlated with a multivariate index of soil fertility (Pearson correlations coefficients were -0.64, -0.58, and -0.68, respectively; P<0.01) and other individual edaphic variables including pH, silt, calcium, magnesium, nitrogen, and phosphorus. These results suggest that soil fertility is a more important determinant of fine roots than forest age in tropical dry forests in Costa Rica, and that one-way these plant communities respond to low soil fertility is by increasing fine roots. Thus, simple conceptual models of forest responses to abandonment from agriculture may not be appropriate for surface fine roots. C1 [Powers, Jennifer S.; Perez-Aviles, Daniel] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Powers, Jennifer S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Powers, Jennifer S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 2072, Panama. RP Powers, JS (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, 100 Ecol Bldg, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM powers@umn.edu FU University of Minnesota; NASA [NS000107]; National Science Foundation [DEB-1053237] FX This study was supported by a McKnight Land Grant Professorship from the University of Minnesota, a NASA New Investigator Award (NS000107), and National Science Foundation CAREER Award (DEB-1053237) to JSP. We thank Anne Russell, three anonymous reviewers, and Peter Tiffin for comments on previous drafts of the manuscript, and Maria Gei for translating the Abstract into Spanish. We also thank Maria Marta Chavarria of the Area de Conservacion Guanacaste for providing the climate data and Roger Blanco for logistical support. NR 65 TC 17 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 52 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3606 J9 BIOTROPICA JI Biotropica PD JAN PY 2013 VL 45 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2012.00881.x PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 063JP UT WOS:000312993900001 ER PT J AU Emsens, WJ Suselbeek, L Hirsch, BT Kays, R Winkelhagen, AJS Jansen, PA AF Emsens, Willem-Jan Suselbeek, Lennart Hirsch, Ben T. Kays, Roland Winkelhagen, Annemarie J. S. Jansen, Patrick A. TI Effects of Food Availability on Space and Refuge Use by a Neotropical Scatterhoarding Rodent SO BIOTROPICA LA English DT Article DE Astrocaryum standleyanum; Central American agouti; Dasyprocta punctata; food limitation; home range; Panama; predation risk; radio telemetry ID CENTRAL-AMERICAN AGOUTI; GUSTAVIA-SUPERBA LECYTHIDACEAE; PALM ASTROCARYUM-STANDLEYANUM; BARRO-COLORADO ISLAND; TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; HOME-RANGE USE; PREDATION RISK; DASYPROCTA-LEPORINA; SIZE; POPULATION AB Animals that rely on refuges for safety can theoretically increase their foraging area without simultaneously increasing predation risk and travel costs by using more refuges. The key prediction of this theory, a negative correlation between food abundance, home range size and the number of refuges used, has never been empirically tested. We determined how home range size and refuge use by the Central American agouti (Dasyprocta punctata) varied across a gradient of abundance of the agoutis' principal food source: seeds and fruits of the palm Astrocaryum standleyanum. We used both manual and automated radio telemetry to measure space use of 11 agoutis during 2 mo of the Astrocaryum fruiting season, and of another set of 10 agoutis during 6 mo in which the animals largely relied on cached Astrocaryum seeds. We found that agoutis living in areas of lower food density had larger home ranges, and that all individuals used multiple refuges. The number of refuges, however, was not correlated with home range size. Consequently, agoutis that had larger home ranges roamed farther from their refuges. These results suggest that agoutis increase their home range size in response to food scarcity at the cost of their safety. C1 [Emsens, Willem-Jan; Suselbeek, Lennart; Winkelhagen, Annemarie J. S.; Jansen, Patrick A.] Wageningen Univ, Ctr Ecosyst Studies, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Emsens, Willem-Jan] Univ Antwerp, Dept Biol, Ecosyst Management Res Grp, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. [Hirsch, Ben T.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Hirsch, Ben T.; Kays, Roland; Jansen, Patrick A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Kays, Roland] N Carolina Museum Nat Sci, Nat Res Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27601 USA. [Jansen, Patrick A.] Univ Groningen, Ctr Ecol & Evolutionary Studies, NL-9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands. RP Emsens, WJ (reprint author), Wageningen Univ, Ctr Ecosyst Studies, POB 47, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. EM w.emsens@gmail.com RI Jansen, Patrick/G-2545-2015; OI Jansen, Patrick/0000-0002-4660-0314; Suselbeek, Lennart/0000-0002-1896-855X FU National Science Foundation [NSF-DEB 0717071]; Netherlands Foundation for Scientific Research [NWO-ALW 863-07-008]; Schure-Beijerinck-Popping Fund FX We gratefully acknowledge field support by Matthew McElroy, Sumana Serchan, Torrey Rodgers, Jose Alejandro Ramirez Silva, Daniel Rasmussen, Yorick Liefting and Veronica Zamora Gutierrez, technical support by Daniel Obando and Alejandro Ortega, advice and comments by Frans Bongers, Meg Crofoot, Pete Laver and two anonymous reviewers and logistical support by Belkys Jimenez, Oris Acevedo and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. We thank Joris Buis and his collaborators for access to unpublished data. Financial support was received from the National Science Foundation (NSF-DEB 0717071 to RWK), the Netherlands Foundation for Scientific Research (NWO-ALW 863-07-008 to PAJ) and the Schure-Beijerinck-Popping Fund (to PAJ). NR 40 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 48 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3606 J9 BIOTROPICA JI Biotropica PD JAN PY 2013 VL 45 IS 1 BP 88 EP 93 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2012.00888.x PG 6 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 063JP UT WOS:000312993900011 ER PT J AU Peters, VE Greenberg, R AF Peters, Valerie E. Greenberg, Russell TI Fruit Supplementation Affects Birds but not Arthropod Predation by Birds in Costa Rican Agroforestry Systems SO BIOTROPICA LA English DT Article DE arthropods; biodiversity; birds; coffee; ecosystem management; exclosures; pest control; species density ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; COFFEE PLANTATIONS; BIODIVERSITY; TRADEOFFS; FOREST; LANDSCAPES; RICHNESS; ECOLOGY; FLOCKS; FARMS AB As the global demand for the reliable provision of virtually all ecosystem services increases, it is imperative to conduct experimental research that tests specific mechanisms or drivers of the ecological processes that link to services, and whether these management actions can affect biodiversity and processes synergistically. Agroforestry systems are ideal for such experiments due to their increased uniformity and the relative ease with which factors can be manipulated and isolated. Manipulating the availability of food resources, we carried out an experimental test of this potential driver on bird diversity measures and the predatory services provided by birds in coffee agroforests. We constructed exclosures over coffee plants to measure arthropod removal intensity by birds comparing coffee agroforests with and without food resource (fruit) enrichment (the driver). Fruit enrichment agroforests had significantly greater bird species density (50%), overall abundance (55%), and abundance of understory insectivore specialists (89%) compared with control agroforests. Although 48 percent more arthropods were aspirated from coffee plants inside exclosures compared to coffee plants outside exclosures, fruit resource enrichment did not influence predatory activity by birds in the agroforests. The results of this study highlight the difficulties associated with managing lands for ecosystem services in complex ecosystems-management actions aimed at increasing numbers of the organisms involved in the interactions of ecological processes is not always equivalent to managing for an increase in the process itself. C1 [Peters, Valerie E.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Greenberg, Russell] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20008 USA. RP Peters, VE (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM cazamosca@gmail.com FU EarthWatch Institute; Andrew W. Mellon Foundation FX This work was supported by grants from the EarthWatch Institute and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. We thank the EarthWatch volunteers, two field assistants (M. Garro-Cruz and J. Salazar-Leiton) and the farmers (Mr. Oldemar Salazar, Mr. Alvaro Vega, Mr. Gilbert Lobo, Mr. Rafael Leiton, Mr. Odilio Ramirez and Mr. Olivier Garro) for allowing us to conduct this experiment on their farms. We also thank two anonymous reviewers who provided helpful comments on a previous version of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 55 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3606 J9 BIOTROPICA JI Biotropica PD JAN PY 2013 VL 45 IS 1 BP 102 EP 110 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2012.00891.x PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 063JP UT WOS:000312993900013 ER PT J AU Bacon, CD Mora, A Wagner, WL Jaramillo, CA AF Bacon, Christine D. Mora, Andres Wagner, Warren L. Jaramillo, Carlos A. TI Testing geological models of evolution of the Isthmus of Panama in a phylogenetic framework SO BOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LA English DT Review DE Arecaceae; biogeography; Caribbean; Central American Seaway; Cuba; Hawaiian Islands; Palmae; phytogeography; South America ID AMERICAN BIOTIC INTERCHANGE; GEOGRAPHIC RANGE EVOLUTION; NORTHWESTERN SOUTH-AMERICA; NEOTROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; MOLECULAR PERSPECTIVE; RAPID DIVERSIFICATION; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; DIVERGENCE TIMES; CARIBBEAN REGION; DATED PHYLOGENY AB The emergence and closure of the Isthmus of Panama had regional and global impacts that were rivalled by few other Cenozoic geological events. The closure of the Central American Seaway and the rise of the Isthmus had dramatic affects on climate and air and oceanic currents worldwide. Formation of the Isthmus also drove terrestrial biotic interchange, ending the isolation of South America by permitting the mixing of its biota with that of North and Central America. A dated phylogenetic tree of a well-sampled clade of palms in the tribe Trachycarpeae (Copernicia, Pritchardia and Washingtonia) was used to conduct biogeographical analyses. Examination of the timing of lineage dispersal from North into South America was performed and two contrasting temporal hypotheses of the Isthmus formation were tested: occurrence in the Pliocene (c. 5?Mya to the present) or in the Miocene (prior to c. 5?Mya). Copernicia is inferred to have dispersed through the Isthmus of Panama region into South America and subsequently into the Caribbean, where it underwent a rapid radiation. Consistent with a geologically older age for the Isthmus than previously understood, our results support recent geological and palaeobiological data that suggest an early Oligocene to early Miocene model of evolution of the Isthmus of Panama. (c) 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, , . C1 [Bacon, Christine D.; Jaramillo, Carlos A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Mora, Andres] Ecopetrol, Inst Colombiano Petr, Piedecuesta, Colombia. [Wagner, Warren L.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Bacon, CD (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM christinedbacon@gmail.com FU Ecopetrol ('Cronologia de la Deformacion en las Cuencas Subandinas' Project); Montgomery Botanical Center; National Tropical Botanical Garden; Smithsonian Institution FX We acknowledge financial support from Ecopetrol ('Cronologia de la Deformacion en las Cuencas Subandinas' Project), the Montgomery Botanical Center, the National Tropical Botanical Garden and the Smithsonian Institution. We thank A. Antonelli for inviting us to submit a paper to this special issue on Neotropical Plant Evolution, T. L. P. Couvreur for comments on an early draft, F. Alda, E. Bermingham, D. A. Clague, H. A. Lessios, J. P. Price, J. G. R. Romero, J. Roncal and J. D. C. Sanchez for discussion, and the Associate Editor and two anonymous reviewers for suggestions that improved the manuscript. NR 107 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 75 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0024-4074 J9 BOT J LINN SOC JI Bot. J. Linnean Soc. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 171 IS 1 SI SI BP 287 EP 300 DI 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2012.01281.x PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 056YU UT WOS:000312529200017 ER PT J AU Chin, SW Lutz, S Wen, J Potter, D AF Chin, Siew-wai Lutz, Sue Wen, Jun Potter, Dan TI THE BITTER AND THE SWEET: INFERENCE OF HOMOLOGY AND EVOLUTION OF LEAF GLANDS IN PRUNUS (ROSACEAE) THROUGH ANATOMY, MICROMORPHOLOGY, AND ANCESTRAL-CHARACTER STATE RECONSTRUCTION SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE extrafloral nectary; colleter; Prunus; BayesTraits; leaf glands; phylogeny ID EXTRAFLORAL NECTARIES; RESIN GLANDS; CORK-WARTS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; PLANT MATERIAL; SALICACEAE; MORPHOLOGY; SECRETION; LEAVES; TESTS AB Distinctive and diagnostic leaf glands occur in diverse forms and positions in Prunus. However, barely any studies have been conducted to document and examine these forms. Leaf glands in Prunus species may occur as raised structures on the leaf margin, as flattened structures on the abaxial surface, or at the tips of leaf teeth. Dark punctate spots on the abaxial surface of some tropical species have been assumed to be glandular as well. Our results show that the raised glands on the leaf margin and the flat glands on the abaxial surface share similar anatomy with extrafloral nectaries, while glands on the leaf teeth are structurally similar to colleters. Leaf glands in Prunus can be divided into class 1A (raised, marginal) and class 1B (flat, laminar) extrafloral nectaries and class 2 (leaf-teeth colleters). The derived flat glands likely evolved as a result of an adaptive loss of leaf serrations in warmer climates, while the plesiomorphic glandular-teeth condition is indirectly selected for in cooler climates because of an adaptive advantage of serrated margins. The dark punctate spots are shown for the first time to be d-stomatal-type cork warts that do not perform a glandular function. C1 [Chin, Siew-wai; Potter, Dan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lutz, Sue; Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Chin, SW (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, MS2, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM csiewwai@ucdavis.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0515431]; NMNH's Small Grants Program FX The work is part of S.-W. Chin's doctoral dissertation at University of California, Davis. We thank Stanley Yankowski of the Plant Anatomy Lab and Scott Whittaker of the SEM lab at the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) of the Smithsonian Institution for their guidance and technical assistance concerning plant microtechniques and SEM. For leaf gland observations, we thank USDA National Clonal Germplasm Repository, Davis, California, for the plant materials. This work was supported by National Science Foundation grant DEB-0515431. The first author's research visit to the Smithsonian was partially supported by the NMNH's Small Grants Program. NR 80 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 47 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-5893 J9 INT J PLANT SCI JI Int. J. Plant Sci. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 174 IS 1 BP 27 EP 46 DI 10.1086/668219 PG 20 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 062BH UT WOS:000312893600002 ER PT J AU Alda, F Garcia, J Garcia, JT Suarez-Seoane, S AF Alda, Fernando Garcia, Javier Garcia, Jesus T. Suarez-Seoane, Susana TI Local Genetic Structure on Breeding Grounds of a Long-Distance Migrant Passerine: The Bluethroat (Luscinia svecica) in Spain SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY LA English DT Article DE breeding site selection; environmental factors; genetic structure; Luscinia svecica; microsatellites; Spain ID RAIN-FOREST BIRD; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; HETEROGENEOUS ENVIRONMENTS; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; LANDSCAPE GENETICS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; POLYMORPHISM; DIVERGENCE; FLOW; CONSERVATION AB Breeding site fidelity can be determined by environmental features, which depending on their heterogeneous distribution may shape the genetic landscape of a population. We used 10 microsatellite loci to study the genetic variation of 83 bluethroats (Luscinia svecica azuricollis) across 14 localities within the Spanish breeding population and assess the relative influence of different habitat characteristics (physiography and vegetation) on genetic differentiation. Based on the genetic variation of this population, we identified 3 geographically consistent genetic clusters that on average showed a higher genetic differentiation than among other north European populations, even those belonging to different subspecies. The inferred genetic clusters occurred in geographic areas that significantly differed in elevation. The highest genetic differentiation was observed between sites at different mountain ranges, as well as between the highest altitude sites in the northeastern locale, whereas vegetation type did not explain a significant percentage of genetic variation. The lack of correlation between geographic and genetic distances suggests that this pattern of genetic structure cannot be explained as a consequence of isolation by distance. Finally, we discuss the importance of preserving areas encompassing high environmental and genetic variation as a means of preserving evolutionary processes and adaptive potential. C1 CSIC UCLM JCCM, Inst Invest Recursos Cineget, IREC, Ciudad Real 13005, Spain. Univ Leon, Fac Ciencias Biol & Ambientales, Area Ecol, E-24071 Leon, Spain. RP Alda, F (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM alda.fernando@gmail.com RI Suarez-Seoane, Susana/D-8246-2015 OI Suarez-Seoane, Susana/0000-0001-7656-4214 FU University of Leon [2009/00131/00]; CSIC/MICINN Proyecto Intramural Especial-PIE [201030I019] FX University of Leon (2009/00131/00); CSIC/MICINN Proyecto Intramural Especial-PIE (201030I019). NR 67 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 51 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1503 J9 J HERED JI J. Hered. PD JAN-FEB PY 2013 VL 104 IS 1 BP 36 EP 46 DI 10.1093/jhered/ess071 PG 11 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 061YJ UT WOS:000312885900005 PM 23008445 ER PT J AU Nie, ZL Funk, V Sun, H Deng, T Meng, Y Wen, J AF Nie, Ze-Long Funk, Vicki Sun, Hang Deng, Tao Meng, Ying Wen, Jun TI Molecular phylogeny of Anaphalis (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae) with biogeographic implications in the Northern Hemisphere SO JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Anaphalis; Asian-North American disjunction; Asteraceae; Eastern Himalayas; Gnaphalieae; Phylogeny ID EXTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER; QINGHAI-TIBETAN PLATEAU; SEQUENCE DATA; HELICHRYSUM ASTERACEAE; 18S-26S RDNA; EVOLUTION; GENUS; COMPLEX; CHINA; ETS AB Anaphalis is the largest Asian genus in the tribe Gnaphalieae (Asteraceae) and has its greatest species diversity in the eastern Himalayas. The nuclear internal and external transcribed spacers were sequenced for Anaphalis species, with an emphasis on the eastern Himalayan taxa to examine the monophyly and construct the phylogenetic relationships of and within the genus. The results suggest that all species of Anaphalis are nested with Helichrysum, showing a close relationship with a Mediterranean-Asian group of Helichrysum. Although the monophyly of Anaphalis is only weakly supported, two clades within the genus are well recognized, each consisting of two subgroups. The inferred phylogenetic relationships within Anaphalis correspond to the shape of leaf base, rather than the morphology of the capitula and phyllaries that are usually used for species delimitation and classification in the genus. All four subgroups of Anaphalis are common and diversified in the eastern Himalayas with multiple dispersals out of this region. The sole North American species of Anaphalis is best hypothesized to be the result of long-distance dispersal or overland migration via Bering land bridge from Asia. Our analyses suggest that the extant distribution of Anaphalis has most likely resulted one radiation into the eastern Himalayas followed by repeated independent dispersals and/or radiations mostly into eastern Asia but also into the western Himalayas, North America, and southeast Asia. C1 [Nie, Ze-Long; Sun, Hang; Deng, Tao; Meng, Ying] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Biodivers & Biogeog, Kunming Inst Bot, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Nie, Ze-Long; Funk, Vicki; Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Meng, Ying] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Tibetan Plateau Res Kunming, Kunming Inst Bot, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. RP Nie, ZL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Biodivers & Biogeog, Kunming Inst Bot, 132 Lanhei Rd, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. EM niezl@mail.kib.ac.cn RI Nie, Ze-Long/N-8471-2015 OI Nie, Ze-Long/0000-0001-8065-3981 FU Natural Science Foundation of China [NSFC 40930209, 31061160184]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [2011312D11022, KSCX2-EW-J-24]; NSFC; Yunnan Natural Science Foundation [U1136601]; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; SI Fellowship program; Laboratory of Analytical Biology of the National Museum of Natural History FX This study was supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC 40930209 and 31061160184 to H. Sun), One Hundred Person Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (2011312D11022 to H. Sun), United Fund of the NSFC and Yunnan Natural Science Foundation (U1136601 to H. Sun), and the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-EW-J-24 to Z.-L. Nie), and the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation to J. Wen, R. Ree, and G. Mueller. Support for the senior author's research visit at the Smithsonian was provided by a postdoctoral fellowship through the SI Fellowship program. Laboratory work was conducted in and partially supported by the Laboratory of Analytical Biology of the National Museum of Natural History, and Fieldwork in North America was supported by the Small Grants Program of the National Museum of Natural History, the Smithsonian Institution. NR 72 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 50 PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK PI TOKYO PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065, JAPAN SN 0918-9440 J9 J PLANT RES JI J. Plant Res. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 126 IS 1 BP 17 EP 32 DI 10.1007/s10265-012-0506-6 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 060MU UT WOS:000312783200003 PM 22776917 ER PT J AU Lasso, E Ackerman, JD AF Lasso, Eloisa Ackerman, James D. TI Nutrient limitation restricts growth and reproductive output in a tropical montane cloud forest bromeliad: findings from a long-term forest fertilization experiment SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Bromeliaceae; Cost of reproduction; Epiphytes; TMCF; Werauhia sintenisii ID PUERTO-RICO; EPIPHYTIC BROMELIADS; VASCULAR EPIPHYTES; PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION; ELEVATIONAL GRADIENT; CURRENT KNOWLEDGE; FRUIT PRODUCTION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; COSTA-RICA; NITROGEN AB From studies in seasonal lowland tropical forests, bromeliad epiphytes appear to be limited mainly by water, and to a lesser extent by nutrient supply, especially phosphorous. Less is understood about the mineral nutrition of tropical montane cloud forest (TMCF) epiphytes, even though their highest diversity is in this habitat. Nutrient limitation is known to be a key factor restricting forest productivity in TMCF, and if epiphytes are nutritionally linked to their host trees, as has been suggested, we would expect that they are also nutrient limited. We studied the effect of a higher nutrient input on reproduction and growth of the tank bromeliad Werauhia sintenisii in experimental plots located in a TMCF in Puerto Rico, where all macro- and micronutrients had been added quarterly starting in 1989 and continuing throughout the duration of this study. We found that bromeliads growing in fertilized plots were receiving litterfall with higher concentrations of N, P, and Zn and had higher concentrations of P, Zn, Fe, Al, and Na in their vegetative body. The N:P ratios found (fertilized = 27.5 and non-fertilized = 33.8) suggest that W. sintenisii may also be phosphorous limited as are lowland epiphytes. Fertilized plants had slightly longer inflorescences, and more flowers per inflorescence, than non-fertilized plants, but their flowers produced nectar in similar concentrations and quantities. Fertilized plants produced more seeds per fruit and per plant. Frequency of flowering in two consecutive years was higher for fertilized plants than for controls, suggesting that fertilized plants overcome the cost of reproduction more readily than non-fertilized plants. These results provide evidence that TMCF epiphytic bromeliads are nutrient limited like their lowland counterparts. C1 [Lasso, Eloisa] Univ Los Andes, Dept Ciencias Biol, Bogota, Colombia. [Lasso, Eloisa] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Ackerman, James D.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. RP Lasso, E (reprint author), Univ Los Andes, Dept Ciencias Biol, Bogota, Colombia. EM e.lasso@uniandes.edu.co OI Lasso, Eloisa/0000-0003-4586-8674 FU "Fondo Institucional para la Investigacion" at the University of Puerto Rico; Luquillo-LTER program FX We thank E. Melendez-Ackerman, J. Zimmerman, and A. Sabat for their advice. The Department of Natural and Environmental Resources of Puerto Rico provided logistic support. This work was supported by a grant from "Fondo Institucional para la Investigacion" at the University of Puerto Rico. The Luquillo-LTER program provided additional financial support for nutrient analyses. This work is based on a thesis presented to the University of Puerto Rico in partially fulfillment of requirements for an MS degree (E.L.). All experiments comply with the current laws of Puerto Rico and were performed with the necessary permits. NR 53 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 79 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD JAN PY 2013 VL 171 IS 1 BP 165 EP 174 DI 10.1007/s00442-012-2403-z PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 064MI UT WOS:000313079100015 PM 22767363 ER PT J AU Alvarez-Cansino, L Zunzunegui, M Barradas, MCD Correia, O Esquivias, MP AF Alvarez-Cansino, Leonor Zunzunegui, Maria Diaz Barradas, Mari Cruz Correia, Otilia Paz Esquivias, Mari TI Effects of temperature and rainfall variation on population structure and sexual dimorphism across the geographical range of a dioecious species SO POPULATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Corema album; Dimorphism index; Distribution; Population density; Sex ratio; Size class ID SHRUB COREMA-ALBUM; PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE; SIPARUNA-GRANDIFLORA; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; CERATIOLA-ERICOIDES; REPRODUCTIVE EFFORT; SIZE DISTRIBUTIONS; SEEDLING SURVIVAL; FEMALE PLANTS; GROWTH AB The effects of climate (precipitation and temperature) on sexual dimorphism and population structure were analysed along a broad-scale environmental gradient covering the distributional range of the endemic dioecious species Corema album, along the west coast of the Iberian Peninsula. We aimed to assess distribution constraints and sex-related differences in demography and size associated with higher reproductive investment in females. Nine populations were chosen from across the geographic range of C. album and ten 10 x 10 m plots were established (10 m apart) along a 200-m transect. All male, female and non-reproductive shrubs were quantified within each plot and plant size, photosynthetic layer, height, sex ratio, population density and structure, and spatial segregation of sexes, under environmental conditions ranging from temperate to Mediterranean climate, were recorded and analysed. Increased aridity was related to lower population density and less structured populations, indicating an effect of higher temperature and lower precipitation on regeneration. Sexual dimorphism was influenced by climate, with size differences between sexes varying with aridity. However, demographic differences between sexes reflected in sex ratio deviations or the occurrence of spatial segregation were unrelated to any climatic variable, suggesting the existence of compensatory mechanisms that may counterbalance the higher reproductive effort of female plants. The results show the vulnerability of this endemic species to the increase in aridity expected in the southernmost limit of the biogeographical area due to global climate change, and demonstrate the importance of broad scale studies in the assessment of sexual dimorphism. C1 [Alvarez-Cansino, Leonor] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Alvarez-Cansino, Leonor] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Zunzunegui, Maria; Diaz Barradas, Mari Cruz; Paz Esquivias, Mari] Univ Seville, Dept Plant Biol & Ecol, Fac Biol, Seville 41080, Spain. [Correia, Otilia] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, CBA, Dept Biol Vegetal, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Alvarez-Cansino, L (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apt 2072, Balboa, Panama. EM lalvarezcansino@gmail.com RI Correia, Otilia /K-1928-2012; Zunzunegui, Maria/L-8357-2014; OI Zunzunegui, Maria/0000-0002-3815-9290; Esquivias, M. Paz/0000-0001-5647-9936; Correia, Otilia/0000-0002-1053-0561 FU Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia, Spain; Spanish-Portuguese Integrated Action (Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Spain) FX This research was supported by a FPU Fellowship to Leonor Alvarez-Cansino (Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia, Spain) and a Spanish-Portuguese Integrated Action (Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Spain). NR 64 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 63 PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK PI TOKYO PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065, JAPAN SN 1438-3896 J9 POPUL ECOL JI Popul. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 55 IS 1 BP 135 EP 146 DI 10.1007/s10144-012-0336-3 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 061TZ UT WOS:000312872600014 ER PT J AU Sobolewski, ME Brown, JL Mitani, JC AF Sobolewski, Marissa E. Brown, Janine L. Mitani, John C. TI Female parity, male aggression, and the Challenge Hypothesis in wild chimpanzees SO PRIMATES LA English DT Article DE Chimpanzee; Testosterone; Aggression; Challenge Hypothesis ID FECAL TESTOSTERONE LEVELS; LEMURS LEMUR-CATTA; CORTISOL-LEVELS; LIFE-HISTORY; GLUCOCORTICOID LEVELS; SOCIAL MODULATION; PAN-TROGLODYTES; MATING SYSTEMS; DOMINANCE RANK; NATIONAL-PARK AB The Challenge Hypothesis proposes that testosterone mediates aggression during periods of heightened conflict between males, especially episodes that have important fitness consequences. Considerable evidence from seasonally breeding species provides support for this hypothesis, but few data exist in animals that mate year-round. We tested predictions generated by the Challenge Hypothesis in chimpanzees, a non-seasonally breeding primate, through a study of individuals living in an exceptionally large community at Ngogo, Kibale National Park, Uganda. Results indicated that dominance rank had no influence on testosterone levels. Instead of rank influencing testosterone production, additional analyses revealed an important role for reproductive competition. Male chimpanzees displayed more aggression when they were in the same party as parous estrous females than when reproductively active females were unavailable. Male chimpanzees competed more intensely for mating opportunities with parous females than with nulliparas, and as a consequence, males displayed more aggression around the former than the latter. When males accompanied parous estrous females, their urinary testosterone concentrations were significantly higher than baseline concentrations. In contrast, urinary testosterone concentrations did not exceed baseline when males associated with nulliparous estrous females. These differences in testosterone levels could not be attributed to mating per se because males copulated equally often with parous and nulliparous females. Furthermore, variation in testosterone concentrations were not due to males gathering together in large parties, as their levels in these situations did not exceed baseline. Taken together, these findings, derived from a relatively large sample of males and estrous females, replicate those from a prior study and furnish additional support for the Challenge Hypothesis. Our results suggest that the Challenge Hypothesis is likely to be broadly applicable to chimpanzees and increase our understanding of the physiological costs to males who compete for estrous females. C1 [Sobolewski, Marissa E.; Mitani, John C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Anthropol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Brown, Janine L.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. RP Sobolewski, ME (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Anthropol, 1085 S Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM mesobole@umich.edu FU Uganda Wildlife Authority; Uganda National Council for Science and Technology; Makerere University Biological Field Station; L.S.B. Leakey Foundation; U.S. National Science Foundation [IOB-0516644, BCS-0752637] FX Our fieldwork was sponsored by the Uganda Wildlife Authority, Uganda National Council for Science and Technology, and Makerere University Biological Field Station. We thank A. Magoba, G. Mbabazi, L. Ndangizi, and A. Tumusiime for field assistance, J. Lwanga for logistic aid, and J. Beehner, K. Hosaka, and an anonymous reviewer for comments on the manuscript. N. Presley and S. Putnam provided help in the laboratory with hormone analyses. This research was supported by grants from the L.S.B. Leakey Foundation and the U.S. National Science Foundation (IOB-0516644 and BCS-0752637). This research was conducted in compliance with all legal requirements of Uganda and was approved by the University Committee on the Use and Care of Animals (UCUCA) at the University of Michigan (Protocol #1092). NR 51 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 63 PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK PI TOKYO PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065, JAPAN SN 0032-8332 J9 PRIMATES JI Primates PD JAN PY 2013 VL 54 IS 1 BP 81 EP 88 DI 10.1007/s10329-012-0332-4 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 060OZ UT WOS:000312789000011 PM 23096486 ER PT J AU Clough, GW AF Clough, G. Wayne TI Untitled SO SMITHSONIAN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Clough, GW (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SMITHSONIAN ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 900 JEFFERSON DR, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0037-7333 J9 SMITHSONIAN JI Smithsonian PD JAN PY 2013 VL 43 IS 9 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA 059GA UT WOS:000312691200007 ER PT J AU de Queiroz, K Donoghue, MJ AF de Queiroz, Kevin Donoghue, Michael J. TI Phylogenetic Nomenclature, Hierarchical Information, and Testability SO SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TAXON NAMES; CLADE NAMES; DEFINITIONS; PHYLOCODE; CLASSIFICATION; FOSSILS C1 [de Queiroz, Kevin] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Donoghue, Michael J.] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Donoghue, Michael J.] Yale Univ, Peabody Museum Nat Hist, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP de Queiroz, K (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM dequeirozk@si.edu NR 47 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 32 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1063-5157 J9 SYST BIOL JI Syst. Biol. PD JAN PY 2013 VL 62 IS 1 BP 167 EP 174 DI 10.1093/sysbio/sys054 PG 8 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA 062BW UT WOS:000312895100014 PM 22649180 ER PT J AU Buarpung, S Tharasanit, T Comizzoli, P Techakumphu, M AF Buarpung, S. Tharasanit, T. Comizzoli, P. Techakumphu, M. TI Feline spermatozoa from fresh and cryopreserved testicular tissues have comparable ability to fertilize matured oocytes and sustain the embryo development after intracytoplasmic sperm injection SO THERIOGENOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cat; Testicular tissue; Cryopreservation; Viability; DNA integrity; Intracytoplasmic sperm injection ID MAMMALIAN EGG ACTIVATION; FREEZE-THAWING PROCEDURE; BUFFALO BUBALUS-BUBALIS; IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; EPIDIDYMAL SPERMATOZOA; SPERMATOGONIAL SURVIVAL; ABNORMAL FERTILIZATION; SUCCESSFUL PREGNANCY; DNA FRAGMENTATION; SUBFERTILE MEN AB Cryopreservation of testicular tissue associated with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is a critical tool that still needs to be explored for preserving the fertility of endangered species. Using the domestic cat as a model for wild felids, the study aimed at determining the effect of different cryoprotectants and freezing techniques (two-step freezing vs. controlled slow freezing) on the sperm quality (membrane and DNA integrity). Then, spermatozoa were extracted from frozen-thawed testicular tissues and used for ICSI to assess early gamete activation or developmental competence in vitro. The percentage of spermatozoa with intact plasma membrane was not different (P > 0.05) among nonfrozen control, glycerol-, and ethylene glycol-frozen tissues (63.2 +/- 2%, 58.2 +/- 2.6%, 53.3 +/- 2.3%, respectively). However, these percentages were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in groups of dimethyl sulfoxide (46.3 +/- 3.3%) and 1,2 propanediol (44.3 +/- 2.9%) when compared with control. Conventional freezing combined with 5% (vol/vol) glycerol best preserved sperm membrane integrity (55.0 +/- 2.7%) when compared with other freezing techniques. The incidence of DNA fragmentation was found to be low (0.2%-1.1%) in all freezing protocols. After ICSI with frozen testicular spermatozoa, male and female gametes were asynchronously activated and the percentages of normal fertilization at 6, 12, and 18 hours were 11.2%, 20.6%, and 22.1%, respectively. Metaphase II-arrested oocytes containing or not a decondensed sperm head were predominantly found after ICSI with frozen testicular spermatozoa. Although two-pronucleus formation could be observed as soon as 6 hours post ICSI (10%), the rate increased dramatically after 12 and 18 hours post ICSI (17.2% and 19.5%, respectively). ICSI using frozen-thawed testicular spermatozoa yielded cleavage (32.7%), morula (6.5%), and blastocyst (4.4%) percentages similar to nonfrozen control (P > 0.05). It is concluded that conventional freezing technique with glycerol as a principle cryoprotectant is simplified and applicable for cat testicular tissue cryopreservation. We also demonstrate for the first time that feline spermatozoa derived from frozen-thawed testicular tissues retain their fertilizing ability and can be used to produce ICSI-derived embryos. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Buarpung, S.; Tharasanit, T.; Techakumphu, M.] Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Obstet Gynaecol & Reprod, Bangkok, Thailand. [Comizzoli, P.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Dept Reprod Sci, Washington, DC USA. RP Techakumphu, M (reprint author), Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Obstet Gynaecol & Reprod, Bangkok, Thailand. EM tmongkol@chula.ac.th FU Higher Education Research Promotion and National Research University Project of Thailand, Office of the Higher Education Commission [HR1166I-55]; PhD student of RGJ-PhD program [PHD/0189/2550]; Thailand Research Fund (TRF), Thailand FX This study was supported by the Higher Education Research Promotion and National Research University Project of Thailand, Office of the Higher Education Commission (HR1166I-55). Sirirak Buarpung is a PhD student of RGJ-PhD program (Grant No. PHD/0189/2550), Thailand Research Fund (TRF), Thailand. An ICSI platform was kindly provided by the Centenary Academic Development Project, Chulalongkorn University. The authors thank the Fertility and Neutering Clinic, Small Animal Teaching Hospital, the Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, and The Veterinary Public Health Division of The Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Thailand, for sample collection and E. Oranratmanee for helping with statistical analysis. NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0093-691X J9 THERIOGENOLOGY JI Theriogenology PD JAN 1 PY 2013 VL 79 IS 1 BP 149 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.09.022 PG 10 WC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 058AV UT WOS:000312607400019 PM 23138024 ER PT J AU Burgasser, AJ Melis, C Zauderer, BA Berger, E AF Burgasser, Adam J. Melis, Carl Zauderer, B. Ashley Berger, Edo TI DETECTION OF RADIO EMISSION FROM THE HYPERACTIVE L DWARF 2MASS J13153094-2649513AB SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE brown dwarfs; stars: chromospheres; stars: individual (2MASS J13153094-2649513); stars: low mass; stars: magnetic field ID H-ALPHA EMISSION; X-RAY-EMISSION; SIMULTANEOUS MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELD TOPOLOGY; ULTRACOOL DWARFS; BROWN DWARF; PERIODIC RADIO; MAIN-SEQUENCE; STARS; ROTATION AB We report the detection of radio emission from the unusually active L5e + T7 binary 2MASS J13153094-2649513AB made with the Australian Telescope Compact Array. Observations at 5.5 GHz reveal an unresolved source with a continuum flux of 370 +/- 50 mu Jy, corresponding to a radio luminosity of L-rad = nu L-nu = (9 +/- 3) x 10(23) erg s(-1) and log(10) L-rad/L-bol = -5.44 +/- 0.22. No detection is made at 9.0 GHz to a 5 sigma limit of 290 mu Jy, consistent with a power-law spectrum S-nu proportional to nu(-alpha) with alpha greater than or similar to 0.5. The emission is quiescent, with no evidence of variability or bursts over three hours of observation, and no measurable polarization (V/I < 34%). 2MASS J1315-2649AB is one of the most radio-luminous ultracool dwarfs detected in quiescent emission to date, comparable in strength to other cool sources detected in outburst. Its detection indicates no decline in radio flux through the mid-L dwarfs. It is unique among L dwarfs in having strong and persistent Ha and radio emission, indicating the coexistence of a cool, neutral photosphere (low electron density) and a highly active chromosphere (high electron density and active heating). These traits, coupled with the system's mature age and substellar secondary, make 2MASS J1315-2649AB an important test for proposed radio emission mechanisms in ultracool dwarfs. C1 [Burgasser, Adam J.; Melis, Carl] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Zauderer, B. Ashley; Berger, Edo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Burgasser, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM aburgasser@ucsd.edu FU National Science Foundation [AST-1003318, AST-1008361] FX The authors thank Duty Astronomer Jay Blanchard for his assistance with the observations, and Juergen Ott for assistance in our application for ATCA green time. C. M. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation under award No. AST-1003318; E. B. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation under award No. AST-1008361 NR 45 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JAN 1 PY 2013 VL 762 IS 1 AR L3 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/762/1/L3 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 056KS UT WOS:000312488400003 ER PT J AU Anderson, JR Spadaro, AJ Baeza, JA Behringer, DC AF Anderson, Joshua R. Spadaro, Angelo J. Baeza, J. Antonio Behringer, Donald C. TI Ontogenetic shifts in resource allocation: colour change and allometric growth of defensive and reproductive structures in the Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus SO BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE crustacea; defence; marine; predation; size-dependent ID LIFE-HISTORY; DISRUPTIVE COLORATION; SEXUAL-DIMORPHISM; RELATIVE GROWTH; SIZE; PREDATION; HABITAT; CRABS; MATURITY; SURVIVAL AB Resource allocation theory predicts a disproportionately large allocation of resources to defensive structures during early ontogeny in organisms that are subject to more intense predation at smaller than at larger body sizes. We tested this prediction on the Caribbean spiny lobster Panulirus argus, which exhibits a negative relationship between predation risk and body size with a high natural mortality of smaller individuals. Independent allometric growth analyses demonstrated that numerous defensive structures (e.g. orbital horns, segments supporting the antenna, the tail fan) display negative allometric growth throughout ontogeny. We interpret these findings as lobsters investing disproportionately more resources to defensive structures when small to improve survivorship. Similarly, we observed an ontogenetic shift in lobster colour pattern; small individuals (7000 lines spaced by 16 GHz from 500-620 nm. A characterization with an FTS shows it can provide sub-10 cm/s calibration accuracy of astrophysical spectrographs performing exo-Earth searches. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America C1 [Li, Chih-Hao; Glenday, Alexander G.; Zibrov, Alexander; Furesz, Gabor; Phillips, David F.; Sasselov, Dimitar; Szentgyorgyi, Andrew; Walsworth, Ronald L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Langellier, Nicholas; Sasselov, Dimitar; Walsworth, Ronald L.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chang, Guoqing; Kaertner, Franz] MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Chen, Li-Jin] Idesta Quantum Elect LLC, Newton, NJ 07860 USA. [Chang, Guoqing; Kaertner, Franz] Univ Hamburg, DESY, Ctr Free Electron Laser Sci, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. RP Li, CH (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM chih.hao.li@gmail.com NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2160-9020 BN 978-1-55752-973-2 J9 CONF LASER ELECTR PY 2013 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC7WX UT WOS:000355262502292 ER PT S AU Connor, R AF Connor, Roger GP IEEE TI So You Think It's Bad Now ... Politics and Transportation Technology in America SO 2013 IEEE/AIAA 32ND DIGITAL AVIONICS SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (DASC) SE IEEE-AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/AIAA 32nd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) CY OCT 05-10, 2013 CL New York, NY SP IEEE, AIAA, BOEING, LRDC Systems LLC, SAAB, AVIONICS C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Connor, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7195 BN 978-1-4799-1536-1; 978-1-4799-1538-5 J9 IEEEAAIA DIGIT AVION PY 2013 PG 42 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BC1KH UT WOS:000350222208002 ER PT S AU Bruzzone, L Plaut, JJ Alberti, G Blankenship, DD Bovolo, F Campbell, BA Ferro, A Gim, Y Kofman, W Komatsu, G McKinnon, W Mitri, G Orosei, R Patterson, GW Plettemeier, D Seu, R AF Bruzzone, L. Plaut, J. J. Alberti, G. Blankenship, D. D. Bovolo, F. Campbell, B. A. Ferro, A. Gim, Y. Kofman, W. Komatsu, G. McKinnon, W. Mitri, G. Orosei, R. Patterson, G. W. Plettemeier, D. Seu, R. GP IEEE TI RIME: RADAR FOR ICY MOON EXPLORATION SO 2013 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 21-26, 2013 CL Melbourne, AUSTRALIA SP IEEE, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc DE radar sounder; icy moons; Jovian system; subsurface geology; geophysics; planetary exploration ID SUBSURFACE AB This paper presents the Radar for Icy Moons Exploration (RIME) instrument, which has been selected as payload for the JUpiter Icy moons Explorer (JUICE) mission. JUICE is the first Large-class mission chosen as part of the ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 programme, and is aimed to study Jupiter and to investigate the potentially habitable zones in the Galilean icy satellites. RIME is a radar sounder optimized for the penetration of Ganymede, Europa and Callisto up to a depth of 9 km in order to allow the study of the subsurface geology and geophysics of the icy moons and detect possible subsurface water. In this paper we present the main science goals of RIME, the main technical challenges for its development and for its operations, as well as the expected scientific returns. C1 [Bruzzone, L.; Bovolo, F.; Ferro, A.] Univ Trento, Remote Sensing Lab, DISI, Trento, Italy. [Plaut, J. J.; Gim, Y.] CALTECH, JPL, Pasadena, CA USA. [Alberti, G.] CORISTA, Naples, Italy. [Blankenship, D. D.] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Geophys, Austin, TX USA. [Campbell, B. A.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC USA. [Kofman, W.] UJF, CNRS, France & Space Res Ctr PAS, IPAG, Warsaw, Poland. [Komatsu, G.] Univ Annunzio, IRSPS, Pescara, Italy. [McKinnon, W.] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Mitri, G.; Orosei, R.] INAF, IAPS, Rome, Italy. [Patterson, G. W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, APL, Laurel, MD USA. [Plettemeier, D.] Tech Univ Dresden, Dresden, Germany. [Seu, R.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. RP Bruzzone, L (reprint author), Univ Trento, Remote Sensing Lab, DISI, Trento, Italy. EM lorenzo.bruzzone@ing.unitn.it RI Patterson, Gerald/E-7699-2015; Kofman, Wlodek/C-4556-2008; Komatsu, Goro/I-7822-2012; OI Komatsu, Goro/0000-0003-4155-108X; Bovolo, Francesca/0000-0003-3104-7656; Bruzzone, Lorenzo/0000-0002-6036-459X; Ferro, Adamo/0000-0002-7092-0318 NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-4799-1114-1 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2013 BP 3907 EP 3910 DI 10.1109/IGARSS.2013.6723686 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BB7JO UT WOS:000345638903244 ER PT S AU Lung, FD Potvin, G Sonnert, G Sadler, PM AF Lung, Florin D. Potvin, Geoff Sonnert, Gerhard Sadler, Philip M. BE Engelhardt, PV Churukian, AD Jones, DL TI Desired Career Outcomes Among College Students: Differences by Gender and Intended Career Field SO 2013 PHYSICS EDUCATION RESEARCH CONFERENCE SE Physics Education Research Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Physics Education Research (PER) Conference on From Fearing Physics to Having Fun with Physics - Exploring the Affective Domain of Physics Learning from Multiple Perspectives CY JUL 17-18, 2013 CL Portland, OR DE career choice; career outcome expectations; factor analysis ID PERFORMANCE; IDENTITY; SCIENCE AB Using factor analysis we investigated the desired career outcomes of a large sample of college students. From fifteen original items, we extracted eight factors covering over 50% of the total variance. Some of these factors were associated with gender and/or intended career field. The "communal values" factor is positively associated with the female gender and a life sciences career interest, and negatively associated with an engineering career interest. Furthermore, the "innovator" factor is associated with the male gender and an interest in physical sciences and engineering careers. Another factor strongly associated with male gender is "career as means to social recognition." These results are in line with existing research pointing to different goals for males and females when choosing careers: Females are more oriented toward communal behavior and a connection with real life, whereas males are more attracted by social recognition and power. C1 [Lung, Florin D.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Potvin, Geoff] Clemson Univ, Dept Engn & Sci Educ, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Sonnert, Gerhard; Sadler, Philip M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Sci Educ Dept, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Lung, FD (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC PHYSICS TEACHERS PI COLLEGE PARK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PARK, MD 20740-3845 USA SN 2377-2379 BN 978-1-931024-22-8 J9 PHYS EDUC RES CONF PY 2013 BP 233 EP 236 DI 10.1119/perc.2013.pr.046 PG 4 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA BE7DZ UT WOS:000375141800056 ER PT J AU Cole, D Grieman, P AF Cole, Dan Grieman, Pamela TI In Memoriam: Imre Sutton SO AMERICAN INDIAN CULTURE AND RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Cole, Dan] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Grieman, Pamela] AICRJ, Kansas City, KS USA. RP Cole, D (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU U C L A, AMER INDIAN STUDIES CENTER PI LOS ANGELES PA 3220 CAMPBELL HALL, BOX 951548, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095-1548 USA SN 0161-6463 J9 AM INDIAN CULT RES J JI Am. Indian Cult. Res. J. PY 2013 VL 37 IS 1 BP 3 EP 4 PG 2 WC History SC History GA AW2IB UT WOS:000346110300001 ER PT J AU Cole, DG Sutton, I AF Cole, Daniel G. Sutton, Imre TI A Cartographic History of Indian-White Government Relations during the Past 400 Years SO AMERICAN INDIAN CULTURE AND RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID STATES C1 [Cole, Daniel G.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Sutton, Imre] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Fullerton, CA 92634 USA. RP Cole, DG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM coled@si.edu NR 93 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU U C L A, AMER INDIAN STUDIES CENTER PI LOS ANGELES PA 3220 CAMPBELL HALL, BOX 951548, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095-1548 USA SN 0161-6463 J9 AM INDIAN CULT RES J JI Am. Indian Cult. Res. J. PY 2013 VL 37 IS 1 BP 5 EP 77 PG 73 WC History SC History GA AW2IB UT WOS:000346110300002 ER PT B AU Harasewych, MG AF Harasewych, M. G. BA Petuch, EJ BF Petuch, EJ TI The molluscan provincial concept in the tropical western Atlantic SO BIOGEOGRAPHY AND BIODIVERSITY OF WESTERN ATLANTIC MOLLUSKS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Harasewych, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-7980-4; 978-1-4665-7979-8 PY 2013 BP 1 EP 14 D2 10.1201/b14798 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology GA BC3QX UT WOS:000351869900003 ER PT B AU Harasewych, MG AF Harasewych, M. G. BA Petuch, EJ BF Petuch, EJ TI Biogeography and Biodiversity of Western Atlantic Mollusks Foreword SO BIOGEOGRAPHY AND BIODIVERSITY OF WESTERN ATLANTIC MOLLUSKS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Harasewych, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-7980-4; 978-1-4665-7979-8 PY 2013 BP XI EP XII D2 10.1201/b14798 PG 2 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology GA BC3QX UT WOS:000351869900001 ER PT B AU Harasewych, MG AF Harasewych, M. G. BA Petuch, EJ BF Petuch, EJ TI Introduction: American molluscan faunas in time and space SO BIOGEOGRAPHY AND BIODIVERSITY OF WESTERN ATLANTIC MOLLUSKS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID NORTHERN SOUTH-AMERICA; CONUS CONIDAE; CABO FRIO; GASTROPODA; NEOGENE; FLORIDA; BRAZIL; EXTINCTION C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Harasewych, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-7980-4; 978-1-4665-7979-8 PY 2013 BP XV EP + D2 10.1201/b14798 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology GA BC3QX UT WOS:000351869900002 ER PT B AU Harasewych, MG AF Harasewych, M. G. BA Petuch, EJ BF Petuch, EJ TI Provinces of the tropical western Atlantic SO BIOGEOGRAPHY AND BIODIVERSITY OF WESTERN ATLANTIC MOLLUSKS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Harasewych, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-7980-4; 978-1-4665-7979-8 PY 2013 BP 15 EP 29 D2 10.1201/b14798 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology GA BC3QX UT WOS:000351869900004 ER PT B AU Harasewych, MG AF Harasewych, M. G. BA Petuch, EJ BF Petuch, EJ TI Molluscan biodiversity in the Georgian Subprovince SO BIOGEOGRAPHY AND BIODIVERSITY OF WESTERN ATLANTIC MOLLUSKS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Harasewych, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-7980-4; 978-1-4665-7979-8 PY 2013 BP 31 EP 45 D2 10.1201/b14798 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology GA BC3QX UT WOS:000351869900005 ER PT B AU Harasewych, MG AF Harasewych, M. G. BA Petuch, EJ BF Petuch, EJ TI Molluscan biodiversity in the subprovinces of the Florida Peninsula SO BIOGEOGRAPHY AND BIODIVERSITY OF WESTERN ATLANTIC MOLLUSKS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Harasewych, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-7980-4; 978-1-4665-7979-8 PY 2013 BP 47 EP 63 D2 10.1201/b14798 PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology GA BC3QX UT WOS:000351869900006 ER PT B AU Harasewych, MG AF Harasewych, M. G. BA Petuch, EJ BF Petuch, EJ TI Southern and western subprovinces of the Carolinian Province SO BIOGEOGRAPHY AND BIODIVERSITY OF WESTERN ATLANTIC MOLLUSKS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Harasewych, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-7980-4; 978-1-4665-7979-8 PY 2013 BP 65 EP 74 D2 10.1201/b14798 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology GA BC3QX UT WOS:000351869900007 ER PT B AU Harasewych, MG AF Harasewych, M. G. BA Petuch, EJ BF Petuch, EJ TI Northern subprovinces of the Caribbean Province SO BIOGEOGRAPHY AND BIODIVERSITY OF WESTERN ATLANTIC MOLLUSKS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Harasewych, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-7980-4; 978-1-4665-7979-8 PY 2013 BP 75 EP 95 D2 10.1201/b14798 PG 21 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology GA BC3QX UT WOS:000351869900008 ER PT B AU Harasewych, MG AF Harasewych, M. G. BA Petuch, EJ BF Petuch, EJ TI Molluscan biodiversity in the Nicaraguan Subprovince SO BIOGEOGRAPHY AND BIODIVERSITY OF WESTERN ATLANTIC MOLLUSKS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Harasewych, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-7980-4; 978-1-4665-7979-8 PY 2013 BP 97 EP 112 D2 10.1201/b14798 PG 16 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology GA BC3QX UT WOS:000351869900009 ER PT B AU Harasewych, MG AF Harasewych, M. G. BA Petuch, EJ BF Petuch, EJ TI Molluscan biodiversity in the Venezuelan Subprovince SO BIOGEOGRAPHY AND BIODIVERSITY OF WESTERN ATLANTIC MOLLUSKS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Harasewych, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-7980-4; 978-1-4665-7979-8 PY 2013 BP 113 EP 127 D2 10.1201/b14798 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology GA BC3QX UT WOS:000351869900010 ER PT B AU Harasewych, MG AF Harasewych, M. G. BA Petuch, EJ BF Petuch, EJ TI Molluscan biodiversity in the Grenadian and Surinamian Subprovinces SO BIOGEOGRAPHY AND BIODIVERSITY OF WESTERN ATLANTIC MOLLUSKS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Harasewych, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-7980-4; 978-1-4665-7979-8 PY 2013 BP 129 EP 144 D2 10.1201/b14798 PG 16 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology GA BC3QX UT WOS:000351869900011 ER PT B AU Harasewych, MG AF Harasewych, M. G. BA Petuch, EJ BF Petuch, EJ TI Northern subprovinces of the Brazilian Province SO BIOGEOGRAPHY AND BIODIVERSITY OF WESTERN ATLANTIC MOLLUSKS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Harasewych, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-7980-4; 978-1-4665-7979-8 PY 2013 BP 145 EP 161 D2 10.1201/b14798 PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology GA BC3QX UT WOS:000351869900012 ER PT B AU Harasewych, MG AF Harasewych, M. G. BA Petuch, EJ BF Petuch, EJ TI Molluscan biodiversity in the Paulinian Subprovince SO BIOGEOGRAPHY AND BIODIVERSITY OF WESTERN ATLANTIC MOLLUSKS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Harasewych, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-7980-4; 978-1-4665-7979-8 PY 2013 BP 163 EP 175 D2 10.1201/b14798 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology GA BC3QX UT WOS:000351869900013 ER PT B AU Harasewych, MG AF Harasewych, M. G. BA Petuch, EJ BF Petuch, EJ TI Provincial Index Taxa SO BIOGEOGRAPHY AND BIODIVERSITY OF WESTERN ATLANTIC MOLLUSKS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Harasewych, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-7980-4; 978-1-4665-7979-8 PY 2013 BP 177 EP 189 D2 10.1201/b14798 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology GA BC3QX UT WOS:000351869900014 ER PT B AU Harasewych, MG AF Harasewych, M. G. BA Petuch, EJ BF Petuch, EJ TI Additions to western Atlantic molluscan biodiversity SO BIOGEOGRAPHY AND BIODIVERSITY OF WESTERN ATLANTIC MOLLUSKS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Harasewych, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-7980-4; 978-1-4665-7979-8 PY 2013 BP 191 EP 226 D2 10.1201/b14798 PG 36 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology GA BC3QX UT WOS:000351869900015 ER PT J AU Rubio-Palis, Y Ruiz-Lopez, F Guzman, H Sanchez, V Moreno, JE Estrada, Y Bevilacqua, M Cardenas, L Martinez, A AF Rubio-Palis, Yasmin Ruiz-Lopez, Freddy Guzman, Hernan Sanchez, Victor Moreno, Jorge E. Estrada, Yarys Bevilacqua, Mariapia Cardenas, Lya Martinez, Angela TI First record of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) oswaldoi B y Anopheles (Nys.) albitarsis F from the Caura river basin, Bolivar State, Venezuela SO BOLETIN DE MALARIOLOGIA Y SALUD AMBIENTAL LA Spanish DT Article DE Anopheles oswaldoi B; Anopheles albitarsis F; species complex; malaria; Venezuela AB Anopheles albitarsis F and Anopheles oswaldoi B were first recorded from collections in Sucre and Cedeno Municipalities, Bolivar State. Morphometric analysis of dark and pale spots on wing Costa and hind tarsomeres of adult females, showed that the range of variation for An. albitarsis F are within the reported ranges for An. marajoara sensu latu For An. oswaldoi B the range of variation are within the ranges reported for An. oswaldoi s.l., An. oswaldoi sensu stricto from Brazil and An. konderi. DNA mitochondrial analysis (Barcode region 658 bp) showed 3.2% of genetic divergence between An. oswaldoi B and An. oswaldoi s.s., while this divergence was 5.2% between An. albirtarsis F and An. marajoara s.s. Both these values are above the proposed limits for species delimitation. C1 [Rubio-Palis, Yasmin] Minist Poder Popular Salud, Direcc Salud Ambiental, Direcc Control Vectores, Maracay, Venezuela. [Rubio-Palis, Yasmin] Univ Carabobo, BIOMED, Maracay, Venezuela. [Ruiz-Lopez, Freddy] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Ruiz-Lopez, Freddy] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Museum Support Ctr, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Guzman, Hernan; Sanchez, Victor; Moreno, Jorge E.; Estrada, Yarys] Ctr Invest Campo Dr Francesco Vitanza, Serv Autonomo Inst Altos Estudios Dr Arnoldo Gaba, Tumeremo, Estado Bolivar, Venezuela. [Bevilacqua, Mariapia; Cardenas, Lya] Asociac Venezolana Conservac Areas Nat ACOANA, Caracas, Venezuela. [Martinez, Angela] Inst Salud Publ Estado Bolivar, Ciudad Bolivar, Venezuela. RP Rubio-Palis, Y (reprint author), Minist Poder Popular Salud, Direcc Salud Ambiental, Direcc Control Vectores, Maracay, Venezuela. EM rubiopalis@gmail.com NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST ALTOS ESTUDIOS, DR ARNOLDO GABOLDON PI MARACAY PA APARTADO POSTAL 2442, MARACAY, ZP 2101, VENEZUELA SN 1690-4648 J9 B MALARIOL SALUD AMB JI Bol. Malar. Salud. Ambient. PD JAN-JUL PY 2013 VL 53 IS 1 BP 68 EP 72 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology GA 268HW UT WOS:000328162000009 ER PT B AU Ono, A AF Ono, Ayako BE Cortazzi, H TI George Henry (1854-1934) and EA Hornel (1864-1933) SO BRITAIN & JAPAN: BIOGRAPHICAL PORTRAITS, VOL VIII SE Britain and Japan LA English DT Biographical-Item; Book Chapter C1 [Ono, Ayako] Univ Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Ono, Ayako] Shinshu Univ, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan. RP Ono, A (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Project Story Beautiful Whistler Freer & Their Po, Freer Gallery & Arthur M Sackler Gallery, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRILL PI PA LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9000, NL-2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS BN 978-90-04-24646-1; 978-90-04-24602-7 J9 BR JPN PY 2013 VL 8 BP 220 EP 234 D2 10.1163/9789004246461 PG 15 WC History; International Relations SC History; International Relations GA BF9RB UT WOS:000385809300017 ER PT J AU Dickinson, MB Whigham, DF AF Dickinson, M. B. Whigham, D. F. TI Competition among surface roots in a selectively-logged, semi-deciduous forest in southeastern Mexico - effects on seedlings of two species of contrasting shade tolerance SO CARIBBEAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Brosimum alicastrum; Swietenia macrophylla; trenching; regeneration AB Experimental manipulations of root competition on naturally established seedlings were conducted across canopy openness and soil depth gradients in a selectively-logged, semideciduous forest on limestone-derived soils in southeastern Mexico. We studied the relatively shade intolerant mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla, Meliaceae) and shade tolerant ramon (Brosimum alicastrum, Moraceae). Both species are ecologically and economically important canopy trees that respond differently to selective logging, hurricanes, and fires on the Yucatan Peninsula. The canopy openness gradient used in the experiment was created by low-intensity selective logging operations. The responses of naturally occurring seedlings of both species growing within 20-30 cm deep circular trenches were examined over a 19-month experimental period. Trenching resulted in increased relative growth in diameter, stem length, and number of leaves of Swietenia compared with controls, but had no effect on Brosimum relative growth or on seedling survival of either species. There was no significant interaction between increased light availability and trenching on Swietenia seedlings, perhaps because of their larger size in gaps. Trenching effects on Swietenia were not greater during the dry season, suggesting that surface trenching affected growth during transitions between seasons. Contrasting responses of Swietenia and Brosimum seedlings to changes in soil and light environments point to the need for diversity in silvicultural practices in seasonally-dry tropical forests such as the community-managed forest examined in this study. C1 [Dickinson, M. B.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. [Whigham, D. F.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Dickinson, MB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. EM mbdickinson@fs.fed.us; whighamd@si.edu FU Smithsonian Environmental Sciences Program, Tropical Research and Development; Tropical Forest Management Trust; International Hardwood Products Association; Sigma Xi; Florida State University; Hardwood Plywood Manufacturers Association FX Thanks to P. J. Grubb and anonymous reviewers for comments on the manuscript, J. Stanovick and S. Duke for statistical assistance, J. D. and J. Matias Martinez for help in the field, and the community of Noh Bec for permission to work in their forest. Thanks to D. Simberloff, F. E. Putz, and S. M. Herman for their ideas and the Acuerdo Mexico-Alemania, particularly H. Flachsenberg and A. Arguelles, and the Sociedad Civil de Productores Forestales de Quitana Roo for logistical support. This work was supported by grants from the Smithsonian Environmental Sciences Program, Tropical Research and Development, Tropical Forest Management Trust, the International Hardwood Products Association, Sigma Xi, Florida State University, and the Hardwood Plywood Manufacturers Association. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, PI MAYAGUEZ PA COLLEGE ARTS SCIENCES, MAYAGUEZ, PR 00680 USA SN 0008-6452 J9 CARIBB J SCI JI Caribb. J. Sci. PY 2013 VL 47 IS 2-3 BP 140 EP 152 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V43YA UT WOS:000209715500002 ER PT J AU Villalobos-Chaves, D Rodriguez-Herrera, B Tschapka, M AF Villalobos-Chaves, David Rodriguez-Herrera, Bernal Tschapka, Marco TI First records of day roosts of the nectar-feeding bat Lichonycteris obscura (Phyllostomidae: Glossophaginae) SO CARIBBEAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Costa Rica; commuting distance; low and high quality roosts; nomadic lifestyle; seasonal migration AB We describe for the first time the day roost of the rare Lichonycteris obscura, a small specialized nectar-feeding bat that shows seasonal movements. Roosts were easily accessible cavities at or under fallen trees. As these structures occur frequently on slopes along streams, they are widely distributed, somewhat predictable and may be easily found by migrating bats. The use of such very common structures for roosting permits these small nectar-feeding species the seasonal access to areas with only temporarily high nectar resource availability. C1 [Villalobos-Chaves, David; Rodriguez-Herrera, Bernal] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Villalobos-Chaves, David; Rodriguez-Herrera, Bernal] Asociac Theria, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Tschapka, Marco] Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Tschapka, Marco] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balbao, Panama. RP Villalobos-Chaves, D (reprint author), Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Jose, Costa Rica. EM avi3187@gmail.com NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, PI MAYAGUEZ PA COLLEGE ARTS SCIENCES, MAYAGUEZ, PR 00680 USA SN 0008-6452 J9 CARIBB J SCI JI Caribb. J. Sci. PY 2013 VL 47 IS 2-3 BP 335 EP 338 PG 4 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA V43YA UT WOS:000209715500019 ER PT J AU Burgess, EA Brown, JL Lanyon, JM AF Burgess, Elizabeth A. Brown, Janine L. Lanyon, Janet M. TI Sex, scarring, and stress: understanding seasonal costs in a cryptic marine mammal SO CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Body condition; faecal glucocorticoid; male aggression; scarring; stress; tusk injury AB We investigated variation in adrenal activity in the dugong, a vulnerable cryptic marine mammal species, in a population inhabiting the lower thermal limit of their range. We sampled 319 live wild dugongs and examined faecal glucocorticoid (fGC) concentrations in relationship to sex, reproductive state (immature, sexually mature, or pregnant), and season, as well as associations with body condition, male-induced aggressive conspecific interactions, and environmental temperature. Physiological validations with apparently healthy and unhealthy animals indicated that fGC levels reliably reflect adrenal activation in dugongs. Glucocorticoid levels and body condition varied seasonally, with individuals expressing lowest fGC levels and an improving body condition over summer and autumn. Best body condition was observed in winter, which may have enhanced the ability of the animals to cope with thermal and nutritional challenges and helped to sustain the subsequent costs of reproduction (including mating activity in spring). Immature dugongs, especially those recently estranged from their mothers, may be particularly vulnerable to stress during winter, and also at risk of injury from adult conspecifics. During the spring mating period, mature and sexually active males with large erupted tusks had high fGC and poorer body condition compared with all dugongs, except pregnant females, in all other seasons. This finding was consistent with high levels of body scarring on adults of both sexes, resulting from agonistic behaviour by mature males. Competitive reproductive behaviour, inherent in a promiscuous mating system, may have stressful consequences for male dugongs, especially given that strenuous mating activity follows unfavourable thermal and nutritional conditions. Overall, fGC levels appear to be a good proxy for stressors in dugongs associated with season and/or temperature, intra-specific aggression, and pregnancy, but not lactation and/or maternal care. Understanding baseline fGC levels will allow wildlife managers to identify additional and/or unusual stressors that may threaten wild dugong populations. C1 [Burgess, Elizabeth A.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [Brown, Janine L.; Lanyon, Janet M.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. RP Burgess, EA (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. EM e.burgess1@uq.edu.au FU Winifred Violet Scott Foundation; Sydney Aquarium Conservation Fund; Australian Marine Mammal Centre; Australian Postgraduate Award; Queensland-Smithsonian Fellowship; Unimin Ltd; Sea World Australia FX Many thanks to the dedication of everyone in The University of Queensland (UQ) Dugong Research Team, in particular Helen Sneath, Erin Neal, Rob Slade, Paul Sprecher, Merrick Ekins, Ben Schemel, and Giovanni Damiani. Thanks also to Sarah Putman, Nicole Presley, and Tamara Keeley for their support in the laboratory. We appreciate the constructive feedback provided by two anonymous reviewers, which led to improvements in our manuscript. Dugongs were sampled under The University of Queensland Animal Ethics certificate #ZOO/ENT/344/04/NSF/CRL, #SIB/215/08/ACAMMS, #ZOO/ENT/737/08/ARC/CRL/SW/AMMC, Moreton Bay Marine Parks permit #QS2004/CVL228 to #QS2008/CVL228, and Scientific Purposes permits #WISP01660304 to WISP04937308. Order of authorship follows the 'first-last-author-emphasis' approach. This work was supported by the Winifred Violet Scott Foundation, Unimin Ltd (formerly Consolidated Rutile Ltd), Sydney Aquarium Conservation Fund, and Australian Marine Mammal Centre. Sea World Australia provided generous in-kind support for several field trips. E. A. Burgess was the recipient of an Australian Postgraduate Award and a Queensland-Smithsonian Fellowship. NR 79 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 9 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2051-1434 J9 CONSERV PHYSIOL JI Conserv. Physiol. PY 2013 VL 1 IS 1 AR cot014 DI 10.1093/conphy/cot014 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Physiology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physiology GA V43TM UT WOS:000209703700005 PM 27293598 ER PT J AU Freeman, EW Meyer, JM Putman, SB Schulte, BA Brown, JL AF Freeman, Elizabeth W. Meyer, Jordana M. Putman, Sarah B. Schulte, Bruce A. Brown, Janine L. TI Ovarian cycle activity varies with respect to age and social status in free-ranging elephants in Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa SO CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Loxodonta africana; matriarch; non-invasive hormone monitoring; population management; post-partum duration; post-reproductive lifespan AB Free-ranging African elephants live in a fission-fusion society, at the centre of which is the matriarch. Matriarchs are generally older females that guide their families to resources and co-ordinate group defense. While much is known about elephant society, knowledge is generally lacking about how age affects the physiology of wild elephants. Investigation of the ovarian activity of free-ranging elephants could provide insight into the reproductive ageing process, with implications for population management. Faecal samples were collected from 46 individuals ranging in age from 14 to 60 years for a 2-year period, and progestagen metabolite analyses were used to examine relationships between social status, age, season, and ovarian activity in female elephants in Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa. Social status was the strongest predictor of faecal progestagen metabolite concentrations in non-pregnant elephants, with grand matriarchs (n = 6) having the lowest values compared with matriarchs (n = 21) and non-matriarch females (n = 19). Likewise, social status and age were the strongest predictors of faecal progestagen metabolite concentrations in pregnant elephants (n = 27). The number of years since a nonpregnant female gave birth to her last calf (post-partum duration) was longer for older females with a higher social status, as well as during the dry season. Our results indicate that social standing and age of elephants are related to reproductive function, and that older females exhibit reductions in ovarian capacity. These results expand our understanding of reproduction and fertility throughout an elephant's lifespan, and the factors that impact gonadal function in free-ranging females. Given that possible over-abundance of elephants in areas such as Addo Elephant National Park is fuelling the debate over how best to manage these populations, knowledge about the reproductive potential of high-ranking females can provide managers with biological data to identify the best candidates for controlling growth through translocation or contraception. C1 [Freeman, Elizabeth W.] George Mason Univ, New Century Coll, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Freeman, Elizabeth W.; Meyer, Jordana M.; Putman, Sarah B.; Brown, Janine L.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Schulte, Bruce A.] Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Biol, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. RP Freeman, EW (reprint author), George Mason Univ, 4400 Univ Dr,MS 5D3, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM efreeman@gmu.edu FU Smithsonian Women's Committee; Walcott Endowment and Scholarly Studies Program; International Elephant Foundation FX We wish to thank Laura Broederdorf, Michelle Schroeder, and Remy Schoenemann for their assistance in the field and laboratory. Additionally, we appreciate the continued support of our work by South African National Parks, including but not limited to John Adendorff and Angela Gaylard. This work was supported by the Smithsonian Women's Committee, Walcott Endowment and Scholarly Studies Program, as well as the International Elephant Foundation. NR 75 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2051-1434 J9 CONSERV PHYSIOL JI Conserv. Physiol. PY 2013 VL 1 IS 1 AR cot025 DI 10.1093/conphys/cot025 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Physiology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physiology GA V43TM UT WOS:000209703700012 PM 27293609 ER PT J AU Linett, P Doering, Z AF Linett, Peter Doering, Zahava TI Exploring the Questions in This Issue SO CURATOR-THE MUSEUM JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Linett, Peter] Slover Linett Strategies, Chicago, IL 60613 USA. [Doering, Zahava] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Linett, P (reprint author), Slover Linett Strategies, Chicago, IL 60613 USA. EM peter@sloverlinett.com; jzdoering@comcast.net NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0011-3069 EI 2151-6952 J9 CURATOR JI Curator PD JAN PY 2013 VL 56 IS 1 SI SI BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1111/cura.12000 PG 2 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA V41AU UT WOS:000209519900001 ER PT J AU Surlykke, A Jakobsen, L Kalko, EKV Page, RA AF Surlykke, Annemarie Jakobsen, Lasse Kalko, Elisabeth K. V. Page, Rachel A. TI Echolocation intensity and directionality of perching and flying fringe-lipped bats, Trachops cirrhosus (Phyllostornidae) SO FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE echolocation; directionality; intensity; sonar beam; perch hunting ID FORAGING BEHAVIOR; RHINOLOPHUS-FERRUMEQUINUM; CAROLLIA-PERSPICILLATA; SOUND BEAM; IN-FLIGHT; CHIROPTERA; PREY; PHYLLOSTOMIDAE; THRESHOLDS; PREDATION AB The Neotropical frog-eating bat, Trachops cirrhosus, primarily hunts stationary prey, either by gleaning on the wing, or in a sit-and-wait mode hanging from a perch. It listens passively for prey-generated sounds, but uses echolocation in all stages of the hunt. Like other bats in the family Phyllostomidae, T cirrhosus has a conspicuous nose leaf, hypothesized to direct and focus echolocation calls emitted from the nostrils. T ctrrhosus is highly flexible in its cognitive abilities and its use of sensory strategies for prey detection. Additionally, T cirrhosus has been observed to echolocate both with closed and open mouth. We hypothesize that its flexibility extends to echolocation call design. We investigated the effect of hunting mode, perching or flying, as well as the effect of mouth opening, on the acoustic parameters and directionality of the echolocation call. We used a multi-microphone array, a high-speed video camera, and a microphone-diode-video system to directly visualize the echolocation sound beam synchronized with the bat's behavior. We found that T cirrhosus emits a highly directional sound beam with half amplitude angle (HAM) of 12-18 degrees and DI (directionality index) of 17 dB, among the most directional bat sonar beams measured to date. The directionality was high both when flying and when perching. The emitted intensity was low, around 88 dB SPL at 10 cm from the mouth, when hanging, but higher, around 100 dB SPL at 10 cm, when flying or just before take-off. Our data suggests that the limited search volume of T crrrhosus sonar beam defined by the high directionality and the rather low intensity of its echolocation calls is adapted to the highly cluttered hunting habitat and to the perch hunting mode. C1 [Surlykke, Annemarie; Jakobsen, Lasse] Univ Southern Denmark, Inst Biol, DK-5230 Odense M, Fyn, Denmark. [Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.] Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Page, Rachel A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Surlykke, A (reprint author), Univ Southern Denmark, SDU, Inst Biol, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Fyn, Denmark. EM ams@biology.sdu.dk NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 15 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-042X J9 FRONT PHYSIOL JI Front. Physiol. PY 2013 VL 4 AR 143 DI 10.3389/fphys.2013.00143 PG 9 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA AX2LA UT WOS:000346774000141 PM 23825459 ER PT J AU Ubernickel, K Tschapka, M Kalko, EKV AF Uebernickel, Kirstin Tschapka, Marco Kalko, Elisabeth K. V. TI Flexible echolocation behavior of trawling bats during approach of continuous or transient prey cues SO FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE approach; prey capture; water surface; reaction time; plasticity; Noctilio leporinus ID MYOTIS-NATTERERI KUHL; FISH-CATCHING BAT; BIG BROWN BATS; NOCTILIO-LEPORINUS; AERIAL-HAWKING; EPTESICUS-FUSCUS; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; MOVING TARGETS; CALL INTENSITY; BULLDOG BAT AB Trawling bats use echolocation not only to detect and classify acoustically continuous cues originated from insects at and above water surfaces, but also to detect small water-dwelling prey items breaking the water surface for a very short time, producing only transient cues to be perceived acoustically. Generally, bats need to adjust their echolocation behavior to the specific task on hand, and because of the diversity of prey cues they use in hunting, trawling bats should be highly flexible in their echolocation behavior. We studied the adaptations in the behavior of Noctilio leporinus when approaching either a continuous cue or a transient cue that disappeared during the approach of the bat. Normally the bats reacted by dipping their feet in the water at the cue location. We found that the bats typically started to adapt their calling behavior at approximately 410 ms before prey contact in continuous cue trials, but were also able to adapt their approach behavior to stimuli onsets as short as 177 ms before contact, within a minimum reaction time of 50.9 ms in response to transient cues. In both tasks the approach phase ended between 32 and 53 ms before prey contact. Call emission always continued after the end of the approach phase until around prey contact. In some failed capture attempts, call emission did not cease at all after prey contact. Probably bats used spatial memory to dip at the original location of the transient cue after its disappearance. The duration of the pointed dips was significantly longer in transient cue trials than in continuous cue trials. Our results suggest that trawling bats possess the ability to modify their generally rather stereotyped echolocation behavior during approaches within very short reaction times depending on the sensory information available. C1 [Uebernickel, Kirstin; Tschapka, Marco; Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.] Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Tschapka, Marco; Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Ubernickel, K (reprint author), Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. EM kirstin.uebernickel@uni-ulm.de FU ChiRoPing project [215370] FX We want to thank H.-U. Schnitzler and A. Denzinger for intensive discussions and excellent advice, K. Jung and A. D. Grinnell for valuable comments on earlier versions of the manuscript, A. Surlykke, J. Hallam, and the entire ChiRoPing consortium for stimulating discussions during field trips, the staff of Barro Colorado Island (BCI) and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) for logistic support. Special thanks to M. Santamaria for his advice, volunteer assistant function and help with logistics. Part of this study was funded through the ChiRoPing project, IST contract number 215370. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 14 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-042X J9 FRONT PHYSIOL JI Front. Physiol. PY 2013 VL 4 AR 96 DI 10.3389/fphys.2013.00096 PG 10 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA AX2LA UT WOS:000346774000094 PM 23675352 ER PT J AU Vanderelst, D Lee, YF Geipel, I Kalko, EKV Kuo, YM Peremans, H AF Vanderelst, Dieter Lee, Ya-Fu Geipel, Inga Kalko, Elisabeth K. V. Kuo, Yen-Min Peremans, Herbert TI The noseleaf of Rhinolophus formosae focuses the Frequency Modulated (FM) component of the calls SO FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE rhinolophus; chiroptera; emission; formosae; ranging; noseleaf; furrows; lappets ID SOUND EMISSION; HORSESHOE BAT; DIRECTIONALITY; ECHOLOCATION; FURROWS AB Bats of the family Rhinolophidae emit their echolocation calls through their nostrils and feature elaborate noseleaves shaping the directionality of the emissions. The calls of these bats consist of a long constant-frequency component preceded and/or followed by short frequency-modulated sweeps. While Rhinolophidae are known for their physiological specializations for processing the constant frequency part of the calls, previous evidence suggests that the noseleaves of these animals are tuned to the frequencies in the frequency modulated components of the calls. In this paper, we seek further support for this hypothesis by simulating the emission beam pattern of the bat Rhinolophus formosae. Filling the furrows of lancet and removing the basal lappets (i.e., two flaps on the noseleaf) we find that these conspicuous features of the noseleaf focus the emitted energy mostly for frequencies in the frequency-modulated components. Based on the assumption that this component of the call is used by the bats for ranging, we develop a qualitative model to assess the increase in performance due to the furrows and/or the lappets. The model confirms that both structures decrease the ambiguity in selecting relevant targets for ranging. The lappets and the furrows shape the emission beam for different spatial regions and frequency ranges. Therefore, we conclude that the presented evidence is in line with the hypothesis that different parts of the noseleaves of Rhinolophidae are tuned to different frequency ranges with at least some of the most conspicuous ones being tuned to the frequency modulated components of the calls-thus yielding strong evidence for the sensory importance of the component. C1 [Vanderelst, Dieter; Peremans, Herbert] Univ Antwerp, Act Percept Lab, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. [Lee, Ya-Fu; Kuo, Yen-Min] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Dept Life Sci, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Lee, Ya-Fu; Kuo, Yen-Min] Natl Cheng Kung Univ, Inst Biodivers, Tainan 70101, Taiwan. [Geipel, Inga; Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.] Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Vanderelst, D (reprint author), Univ Antwerp, Act Percept Lab, Prinsstr 13, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. EM dieter.vanderelst@ua.ac.be FU National Science Council of Taiwan [99-2621-B-006-003-MY3]; Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) [1.5.152.11N] FX This study was partly supported by grant 99-2621-B-006-003-MY3, including a collection permit, from National Science Council of Taiwan to Ya-Fu Lee and by grant 1.5.152.11N from the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO). Dieter Vanderelst is funded by a postdoctoral fellowship awarded by the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO). NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 10 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-042X J9 FRONT PHYSIOL JI Front. Physiol. PY 2013 VL 4 AR 191 DI 10.3389/fphys.2013.00191 PG 8 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA AX2LA UT WOS:000346774000188 PM 23882226 ER PT J AU Weinbeer, M Kalko, EKV Jung, K AF Weinbeer, Moritz Kalko, Elisabeth K. V. Jung, Kirsten TI Behavioral flexibility of the trawling long-legged bat, Macrophyllum macrophyllum (Phyllostomidae) SO FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sensory ecology; aerial hawking; gleaning; bat echolocation; clutter; echo overlap ID ECHOLOCATING BATS; PREY DETECTION; FLIGHT PERFORMANCE; MYOTIS-DAUBENTONII; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; HUNTING BEHAVIOR; PIPISTRELLE BATS; EATING BATS; BULLDOG BAT; VESPERTILIONIDAE AB We assessed the behavioral flexibility of the trawling long-legged bat, Macrophyllum macrophyllum (Phyllostomidae) in flight cage experiments by exposing it to prey suspended from nylon threads in the air and to food placed onto the water surface at varying distances to clutter-producing background (water plants). The bat revealed flexibility in foraging mode and caught prey in the air (aerial hawking) and from the water surface (trawling). M. macrophyllum was constrained in finding food very near to and within clutter. As echolocation was the prime sensory mode used by M. macrophyllum for detection and localization of food, the bat might have been unable to perceive sufficient information from prey near clutter as background echoes from the water plant increasingly overlapped with echoes from food. The importance of echolocation for foraging is reflected in a stereotypic call pattern of M. macrophyllum that resembles other aerial insectivorous and trawling bats with a pronounced terminal phase (buzz) prior to capture attempts. Our findings contrast studies of other phyllostomid bats that glean prey very near or from vegetation, often using additional sensory cues, such as prey-produced noise, to find food and that lack a terminal phase in echolocation behavior. In M. macrophyllum, acoustic characteristics of its foraging habitat have shaped its sonar system more than phylogeny. C1 [Weinbeer, Moritz; Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.; Jung, Kirsten] Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Jung, K (reprint author), Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, Albert Einstein Allee11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. EM kirsten.jung@uni-ulm.de FU German Academic Exchange Study (DAAD); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [KA-1241/5-1] FX We thank HU Schnitzler for many helpful discussions, R Page for highly beneficial comments on an earlier version of this manuscript, and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (Panama) for logistical assistance and excellent working conditions. Research was supported by a PhD stipend of the German Academic Exchange Study (DAAD) to M. Weinbeer and by a grant of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG KA-1241/5-1) to EKV Kalko. The behavioral experiments complied with the current laws of Panama. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-042X J9 FRONT PHYSIOL JI Front. Physiol. PY 2013 VL 4 AR 342 DI 10.3389/fphys.2013.00342 PG 11 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA AX2LA UT WOS:000346774000334 PM 24324442 ER PT B AU Azar, D Engel, MS Jarzembowski, E Krogmann, L Nel, A Santiago-Blay, J AF Azar, Dany Engel, Michael S. Jarzembowski, Edmund Krogmann, Lars Nel, Andre Santiago-Blay, Jorge BE Azar, D Engel, MS Jarzembowski, E Krogmann, L Nel, A SantiagoBlay, J TI Insect Evolution in an Amberiferous and Stone Alphabet SO INSECT EVOLUTION IN AN AMBERIFEROUS AND STONE ALPHABET LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Congress on Fossil Insects, Arthropods and Amber CY APR 14-18, 2013 CL Byblos, LEBANON ID AMBER DIPTERA; COLEOPTERA; EOCENE; CHINA C1 [Azar, Dany] Lebanese Univ, Fac Sci 2, Dept Nat Sci, POB 26110217, Fanar Matn, Lebanon. [Engel, Michael S.] Univ Kansas, Museum Nat Hist, Div Entomol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Engel, Michael S.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Jarzembowski, Edmund] Chinese Acad Sci, Nanjing Inst Geol & Palaeontol, Key State Lab Palaeobiol & Stratig, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Krogmann, Lars] State Museum Nat Hist Stuttgart, Entomol, D-70191 Stuttgart, Germany. [Nel, Andre] Museum Natl Hist Nat, CNRS UMR 7205, F-75231 Paris, France. [Santiago-Blay, Jorge] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Azar, D (reprint author), Lebanese Univ, Fac Sci 2, Dept Nat Sci, POB 26110217, Fanar Matn, Lebanon. EM azar@mnhn.fr; msengel@ku.edu; jarzembowski2@live.co.uk; lars.krogmann@smns-bw.de; anel@mnhn.fr; blayjorge@gmail.com NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRILL PI PA LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9000, NL-2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS BN 978-90-04-21071-4; 978-90-04-21070-7 PY 2013 BP 1 EP 10 PG 10 WC Entomology; Paleontology SC Entomology; Paleontology GA BE3WC UT WOS:000371315500001 ER PT J AU Quintero, GC AF Quintero, Gabriel C. TI Advances in cortical modulation of pain SO JOURNAL OF PAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE pain; glutamate; glia; cingulate cortex; somatosensory cortex; insular cortex AB Pain is an intricate phenomenon composed of not only sensory-discriminative aspects but also of emotional, cognitive, motivational, and affective components. There has been ample evidence for the existence of an extensive cortical network associated with pain processing over the last few decades. This network includes the anterior cingulate cortex, forebrain, insular cortex, ventrolateral orbital cortex, somatosensory cortex, occipital cortex, retrosplenial cortex, motor cortex, and prefrontal cortex. Diverse neurotransmitters participate in the cortical circuits associated with pain processing, including glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid, dopamine, and opioids. This work examines recent rodent studies about cortical modulation of pain, mainly at a molecular level. C1 [Quintero, Gabriel C.] Florida State Univ Panama, Neurosci, Ciudad Del Saber, Panama. [Quintero, Gabriel C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Quintero, GC (reprint author), Florida State Univ Panama, 227 Clayton, Ciudad Del Saber, Panama. EM gquintero@fsu.edu FU SENACYT (Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion de Panama); Sistema Nacional de Investigacion de Panama (SNI) FX Thanks to SENACYT (Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion de Panama) and the Sistema Nacional de Investigacion de Panama (SNI) for the award to GCQ. Thanks to the reviewers assigned by the journal for the useful feedback and suggestions. NR 102 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU DOVE MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI ALBANY PA PO BOX 300-008, ALBANY, AUCKLAND 0752, NEW ZEALAND SN 1178-7090 J9 J PAIN RES JI J. Pain Res. PY 2013 VL 6 BP 713 EP 725 DI 10.2147/JPR.S45958 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA V41EG UT WOS:000209528900076 PM 24092997 ER PT B AU McCarter, BG AF McCarter, B. G. BA McCarter, BG White, BE BF McCarter, BG White, BE TI The Nature of Being Human SO LEADERSHIP IN CHAORDIC ORGANIZATIONS SE Complex and Enterprise Systems Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [McCarter, B. G.] Natl Def Univ, Washington, DC 20319 USA. [McCarter, B. G.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP McCarter, BG (reprint author), Natl Def Univ, Washington, DC 20319 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-7418-5; 978-1-4200-7417-8 J9 COMPL ENTERP SYST EN PY 2013 BP 29 EP 56 PG 28 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA BD7CH UT WOS:000362867800005 ER PT B AU White, BE McCarter, BG AF White, B. E. McCarter, B. G. BA McCarter, BG White, BE BF McCarter, BG White, BE TI How to Build Trust SO LEADERSHIP IN CHAORDIC ORGANIZATIONS SE Complex and Enterprise Systems Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [White, B. E.] US Air Force, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [White, B. E.] MIT, Lincoln Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [White, B. E.] Signatron Inc, New York, NY USA. [White, B. E.] Mitre Corp, Bedford, MA USA. [White, B. E.] MITREs Syst Engn Proc Off, New York, NY USA. [McCarter, B. G.] Natl Def Univ, Washington, DC 20319 USA. [McCarter, B. G.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP White, BE (reprint author), US Air Force, Washington, DC 20036 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-7418-5; 978-1-4200-7417-8 J9 COMPL ENTERP SYST EN PY 2013 BP 57 EP 93 PG 37 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA BD7CH UT WOS:000362867800006 ER PT B AU McCarter, BG AF McCarter, B. G. BA McCarter, BG White, BE BF McCarter, BG White, BE TI Application of Theory SO LEADERSHIP IN CHAORDIC ORGANIZATIONS SE Complex and Enterprise Systems Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [McCarter, B. G.] Natl Def Univ, Washington, DC 20319 USA. [McCarter, B. G.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP McCarter, BG (reprint author), Natl Def Univ, Washington, DC 20319 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-7418-5; 978-1-4200-7417-8 J9 COMPL ENTERP SYST EN PY 2013 BP 147 EP 191 PG 45 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA BD7CH UT WOS:000362867800008 ER PT B AU McCarter, BG AF McCarter, B. G. BA McCarter, BG White, BE BF McCarter, BG White, BE TI Wicked Problems and MUVEs: Understanding Human Interactions through Multiuser Virtual Environments SO LEADERSHIP IN CHAORDIC ORGANIZATIONS SE Complex and Enterprise Systems Engineering LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [McCarter, B. G.] Natl Def Univ, Washington, DC 20319 USA. [McCarter, B. G.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP McCarter, BG (reprint author), Natl Def Univ, Washington, DC 20319 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-7418-5; 978-1-4200-7417-8 J9 COMPL ENTERP SYST EN PY 2013 BP 193 EP 202 PG 10 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA BD7CH UT WOS:000362867800009 ER PT S AU DeLaune, RD Reddy, KR Richardson, CJ Megonigal, JP AF DeLaune, R. D. Reddy, K. R. Richardson, C. J. Megonigal, J. P. BE DeLaune, RD Reddy, KR Richardson, CJ Megonigal, JP TI Methods in Biogeochemistry of Wetlands Preface SO METHODS IN BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF WETLANDS SE Soil Science Society of America Book Series LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [DeLaune, R. D.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Sch Coast & Environm, Energy & Coast Bldg,S Stadium Dr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Reddy, K. R.] Univ Florida, Wetland Biogeochem Lab, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Richardson, C. J.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Wetland Ctr, Levine Sci Ctr, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Megonigal, J. P.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP DeLaune, RD (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Sch Coast & Environm, Energy & Coast Bldg,S Stadium Dr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM rdelaun@lsu.edu; krr@ufl.edu; curtr@duke.edu; megonigalp@si.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOIL SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1047-4986 BN 978-0-89118-961-9; 978-0-89118-960-2 J9 SSSA BOOK S PY 2013 VL 10 BP XIII EP XIV D2 10.2136/sssabookser10 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA BE3JH UT WOS:000370800500002 ER PT S AU Megonigal, JP Rabenhorst, M AF Megonigal, J. Patrick Rabenhorst, Martin BE DeLaune, RD Reddy, KR Richardson, CJ Megonigal, JP TI Reduction-Oxidation Potential and Oxygen SO METHODS IN BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF WETLANDS SE Soil Science Society of America Book Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID REDOX; WETLAND AB Reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions are fundamental to the study of biogeochemical cycles because they couple the energy economy of organisms (e. g., photosynthesis, respiration) to the thermodynamic laws that govern the formation of compounds. Wetland soils support a wide variety of redox reactions that are relevant to important areas of environmental research such as pedogenesis, litter decomposition, nutrient cycling, pollutant transformation, and trace gas emissions. Important redox reactions in wetland soils include denitrification, Fe3+ reduction, SO42- reduction, and methanogenesis, each of which has a characteristic redox potential and free energy yield. It is often useful to characterize the redox state of a wetland soil with a single value that integrates across the full suite of coupled redox reactions, yielding a so-called mixed potential. Mixed redox potentials cannot be used to make firm conclusions about the activity of a specific redox couple, but they have proven extremely useful for characterizing temporal and spatial variation in biogeochemical processes in support of pedogenic and ecological research. This chapter gives methods for making and using Pt-tipped redox electrodes for mixed-potential redox measurements. Guidance is offered for the appropriate interpretation of redox data. Molecular O-2 is of special interest to soil redox chemistry because it exercises overwhelmingly control on wetland biogeochemical cycles. We also provide instructions for making and using O-2 diffusion chambers, which are effective for quantifying the O-2 concentration of bulk soil (as opposed to microsites). C1 [Megonigal, J. Patrick] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Rabenhorst, Martin] Univ Maryland, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Megonigal, JP (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM megonigalp@si.edu; mrabenho@umd.edu NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOIL SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1047-4986 BN 978-0-89118-961-9; 978-0-89118-960-2 J9 SSSA BOOK S PY 2013 VL 10 BP 71 EP 85 DI 10.2136/sssabookser10.c5 D2 10.2136/sssabookser10 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA BE3JH UT WOS:000370800500007 ER PT S AU Cheesman, AW Rocca, J Turner, BL AF Cheesman, Alexander W. Rocca, James Turner, Benjamin L. BE DeLaune, RD Reddy, KR Richardson, CJ Megonigal, JP TI Phosphorus Characterization in Wetland Soils by Solution Phosphorus-31 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy SO METHODS IN BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF WETLANDS SE Soil Science Society of America Book Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION METHOD; ORGANIC-P FORMS; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; LAKE-SEDIMENTS; BIOGENIC PHOSPHORUS; INOSITOL HEXAKISPHOSPHATE; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; RELAXATION-TIMES; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; PASTURE SOILS AB Solution P-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can be used to identify P compounds in wetland soils by their chemical functionality. Alkaline extracts of wetland soils have been found to contain a mixture of phosphonates, phosphomonoesters, phosphodiesters, and inorganic polyphosphates. As more researchers apply solution P-31 NMR spectroscopy to wetlands, it is important that appropriate procedures, based on an understanding of the analytical issues, be used to provide accurate and comparable results. This chapter introduces basic NMR theory and discusses specific analytical considerations needed for its successful application to wetland soils (e. g., the need to standardize pre-extraction sample handling and account for soil Fe concentrations). The chapter concludes with a recommended procedure that includes an optional pre-extraction step (e. g., buffered dithionite, ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid, or HCl) dependent on a priori knowledge of the sample and an understanding of how such pre-extraction will impact P recovery and P-31 NMR spectral composition. C1 [Cheesman, Alexander W.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, POB 6811, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia. [Rocca, James] Univ Florida, McKnight Brain Inst, Adv Magnet Resonance Imaging & Spect Facil, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Turner, Benjamin L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Cheesman, AW (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, POB 6811, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia. EM Alexander.Cheesman@gmail.com; JRRocca@ufl.edu; TurnerBL@si.edu RI Cheesman, Alexander/H-5918-2013 OI Cheesman, Alexander/0000-0003-3931-5766 NR 111 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOIL SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1047-4986 BN 978-0-89118-961-9; 978-0-89118-960-2 J9 SSSA BOOK S PY 2013 VL 10 BP 639 EP 665 DI 10.2136/sssabookser10.c33 D2 10.2136/sssabookser10 PG 27 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA BE3JH UT WOS:000370800500035 ER PT B AU Andrews, SM AF Andrews, Sean M. BE Kawabe, R Kuno, N Yamamoto, S TI Millimeter-Radio Observations of the Hallmarks of Planet Formation in Circumstellar Disks SO NEW TRENDS IN RADIO ASTRONOMY IN THE ALMA ERA: THE 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF NOBEYAMA RADIO OBSERVATORY SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on New Trends in Radio Astronomy in the ALMA Era: The 30th Anniversary of Nobeyama Radio Observatory CY DEC 03-08, 2012 CL Hakone, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Inoue Fdn Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan ID MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; GRAIN-GROWTH; DETERMINISTIC MODEL; GIANT PLANET; TRANSITIONAL DISK; MULTIPLE PLANETS; TAURUS-AURIGA; RHO-OPHIUCHI; MIGRATION AB Some of the fundamental processes involved in the assembly of planetary systems are just now becoming accessible to astronomical observations of circumstellar disks. The new promise of observational work in the field of planet formation makes for a very dynamic research scenario, which is certain to be amplified in the coming years as the revolutionary ALMA facility ramps up to full operations. To highlight some of the new directions being explored in this field, I will describe how we are using high angular resolution measurements at mm radio wavelengths to study two crucial aspects of the formation and early evolution of planetary systems: (1) the growth and migration of disk solids, and (2) the interactions between a young planetary system and its natal, gas-rich disk. For the former, I will demonstrate that we have identified evidence for spatial variations in both the particle size distribution and (potentially) the gas:dust mass ratio in young disks, and how those could translate into new constraints on models of grain growth and radial drift. And for the latter, I will review what we have learned from directly resolved radio observations of large, dust-depleted cavities in the centers of so-called "transition" disks, including their surprisingly high frequency and some possibilities for the observational study of planet-disk interactions. C1 [Andrews, Sean M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Andrews, SM (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM sandrews@cfa.harvard.edu NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-837-4; 978-1-58381-836-7 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2013 VL 476 BP 149 EP 156 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BE6BZ UT WOS:000373870400027 ER PT B AU Wilner, DJ AF Wilner, David J. BE Kawabe, R Kuno, N Yamamoto, S TI Resolved Millimeter Emission Belts in the beta Pictoris and AU Microscopii Debris Disks SO NEW TRENDS IN RADIO ASTRONOMY IN THE ALMA ERA: THE 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF NOBEYAMA RADIO OBSERVATORY SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on New Trends in Radio Astronomy in the ALMA Era: The 30th Anniversary of Nobeyama Radio Observatory CY DEC 03-08, 2012 CL Hakone, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Inoue Fdn Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan ID CIRCUMSTELLAR DISK; DUST DISK AB Debris disks around young main-sequence stars provide a window into the planet formation process. Imaging debris disks at millimeter wavelengths is important because emission at these long wavelengths is dominated by large grains that trace best the underlying population of dust-producing planetesimals. I discuss SMA observations that resolve the millimeter emission surrounding the nearby similar to 10 Myr-old stars beta Pic and AU Mic. For these systems, each of which is viewed nearly edge-on, the observations reveal a belt of millimeter emission surrounding the star with the same geometry as the more extended disks seen in scattered light. Simple modeling shows the locations of these millimeter belts are consistent with reservoirs of planetesimals ("birth rings") hypothesized to explain the shape of the midplane scattered light surface brightness profiles. For AU Mic, we have followed the SMA study with ALMA Cycle 0 observations that reveal much more detail in the belt of millimeter emission, and also isolate a previously unknown central emission peak that could come from a stellar chromosphere, or perhaps a distinct, inner planetesimal belt. C1 [Wilner, David J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Wilner, DJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM dwilner@cfa.harvard.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-837-4; 978-1-58381-836-7 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2013 VL 476 BP 165 EP 168 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BE6BZ UT WOS:000373870400029 ER PT B AU Gurwell, M Butler, B Moullet, A AF Gurwell, Mark Butler, Bryan Moullet, Arielle BE Kawabe, R Kuno, N Yamamoto, S TI Planetary Atmospheres at High Resolution SO NEW TRENDS IN RADIO ASTRONOMY IN THE ALMA ERA: THE 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF NOBEYAMA RADIO OBSERVATORY SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on New Trends in Radio Astronomy in the ALMA Era: The 30th Anniversary of Nobeyama Radio Observatory CY DEC 03-08, 2012 CL Hakone, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Inoue Fdn Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan ID IOS ATMOSPHERE; MICROWAVE DETECTION; CARBON-MONOXIDE; SO2 ATMOSPHERE AB The long millimeter through submillimeter bands are particularly well suited for studying the wide variety of planetary atmospheres in our solar system. Temperatures ranging from a few 10s to hundreds of degrees, coupled with typically high densities (relative to the ISM) mean that thermal 'continuum' emission can be strong and molecular rotational transitions can be well-populated. Large bodies (Jovian and terrestrial planets) can be reasonably well studied by current interferometers such as the Submillimeter Array, LRAM Plateau de Bure Interferometer, and Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy, yet many smaller bodies with atmospheres can only be crudely studied, primarily due to lack of sensitivity on baselines long enough to well resolve the object. Newly powerful interferometers such as the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array will usher in a new era of planetary atmospheric exploration. The vast sensitivity and spatial resolution of these arrays will increase our ability to image all bodies with extremely fine fidelity (due to the large number of antennas), and for study of smaller objects by resolving their disks into many pixels while providing the sensitivity necessary to detect narrow and/or weak line emission. New science topics will range from detailed mapping of HDO, CIO, and sulfur species in the mesosphere of Venus and PH3 and H2S in the upper tropospheres of the gas and ice giants, high SNR mapping of winds on Mars, Neptune and Titan, down to spectroscopic imaging of volcanic eruptions within the tenuous atmosphere on To, resolved imaging of CO and other species in the atmosphere of Pluto, and even potentially detection of gases within the plumes of Enceladus. C1 [Gurwell, Mark] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA. [Butler, Bryan] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Moullet, Arielle] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Gurwell, M (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA. EM mgurwell@cfa.harvard.edu; bbutler@nrao.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-837-4; 978-1-58381-836-7 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2013 VL 476 BP 213 EP 222 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BE6BZ UT WOS:000373870400037 ER PT B AU Asada, K Inoue, M Matsushita, S AF Asada, Keiichi Inoue, Makoto Matsushita, Satoki CA Greenland Telescope Project Team BE Kawabe, R Kuno, N Yamamoto, S TI Greenland Telescope Project SO NEW TRENDS IN RADIO ASTRONOMY IN THE ALMA ERA: THE 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF NOBEYAMA RADIO OBSERVATORY SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on New Trends in Radio Astronomy in the ALMA Era: The 30th Anniversary of Nobeyama Radio Observatory CY DEC 03-08, 2012 CL Hakone, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Inoue Fdn Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan ID SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; GALACTIC-CENTER; M87 AB Imaging the shadow of the black hole is one of the ultimate goals for modern physics and astrophysics. VLBI observations at submillimeter wavelength are a unique method to achieve sufficient angular resolution for imaging the shadow in the next decade. For this purpose, we plan to establish a new submillimeter VLBI station in order to improve the angular resolution and image quality. Based on the atmospheric condition and geometrical configuration with other existing telescopes, we select the Summit Camp on Greenland as a promising new site. We plan to realize it by redeploying the ALMA-NA prototype antenna. In addition to VLBI usage, we plan to use the telescope in single dish mode as a pathfinder for THz astronomy. We have been monitoring the atmospheric transparency at submillimeter wavelength since August of 2011 for further studies of atmospheric condition at the site. In the meantime, we have started retrofitting the ALMA-NA prototype antenna to fit the cold environment. C1 [Asada, Keiichi; Inoue, Makoto; Matsushita, Satoki] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Greenland Telescope Project Team] NRAO, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RP Asada, K (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. EM asada@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw; inoue@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw; satoki@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-837-4; 978-1-58381-836-7 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2013 VL 476 BP 243 EP 247 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BE6BZ UT WOS:000373870400041 ER PT B AU Rodon, JA Beuther, H Schilke, P Zhang, QZ AF Rodon, Javier A. Beuther, Henrik Schilke, Peter Zhang, Qizhou BE Kawabe, R Kuno, N Yamamoto, S TI Fragmentation in High-Mass Star Forming Regions SO NEW TRENDS IN RADIO ASTRONOMY IN THE ALMA ERA: THE 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF NOBEYAMA RADIO OBSERVATORY SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on New Trends in Radio Astronomy in the ALMA Era: The 30th Anniversary of Nobeyama Radio Observatory CY DEC 03-08, 2012 CL Hakone, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Inoue Fdn Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan AB In the last decade, we have started to spatially resolve the relatively small gas and dust condensations in high-mass star-forming regions that will eventually become a massive star or system. We call these condensations of sizes on the order of 0.01 pc "cores", and by estimating their masses we can construct the so-called Core Mass Function (CMF) of a region, to compare with the IMF and try to determine the evolutionary process from core to star. For massive star-forming regions, the relationship between the CMF and the IMF is not yet well understood. This is, among other factors, due to the fact that there are not many massive CMF determined. Even then, some of those few CMF seem to tell a story of evolution, by presenting different slopes than that of the Salpeter IMF while others, seem to be very similar to the IMF. In this work we show CMFs obtained for a group of massive star-forming regions with SMA and PdBI observations. These CMFs show different slopes, and we explain the possible significance this has on the evolution of the cores. C1 [Rodon, Javier A.] European Souther Observ, Alonso Cordova 3107, Santiago 19, Chile. [Beuther, Henrik] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Schilke, Peter] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Zhang, Qizhou] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Rodon, JA (reprint author), European Souther Observ, Alonso Cordova 3107, Santiago 19, Chile. EM jrodon@eso.org; schilke@ph1.uni-koeln.de; qzhang@cfa.harvard.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-837-4; 978-1-58381-836-7 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2013 VL 476 BP 315 EP 316 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BE6BZ UT WOS:000373870400067 ER PT B AU Hara, C Kawabe, R Shimajiri, Y Ueda, J Kurono, Y Tsukagoshi, T Nakamura, F Saito, M Wilner, D AF Hara, C. Kawabe, R. Shimajiri, Y. Ueda, J. Kurono, Y. Tsukagoshi, T. Nakamura, F. Saito, M. Wilner, D. BE Kawabe, R Kuno, N Yamamoto, S TI Discovery of the rotating molecular outflow and disk in the Class-0/I protostar [BHB2007]#11 in Pipe SO NEW TRENDS IN RADIO ASTRONOMY IN THE ALMA ERA: THE 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF NOBEYAMA RADIO OBSERVATORY SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on New Trends in Radio Astronomy in the ALMA Era: The 30th Anniversary of Nobeyama Radio Observatory CY DEC 03-08, 2012 CL Hakone, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Inoue Fdn Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan ID NEBULA; B59 AB We present the results of our Submillimeter Array (SMA) observations toward a Class-0/I protostar, [BHB2007]#11 (hereafter, B59#11) at the nearby star forming region, Barnard 59 (B59) in the Pipe Nebula (d similar to 130 pc; Lombardi et al. 2006) with similar to 1" (corresponding to 130 AU) resolution in CO, (CO)-C-13, and (CO)-O-18(2-1) emissions. We have revealed that a flattened envelope and disk are associated with B59#11. In addition, the outflow ejected from B59#11 might be rotating. We suggest that B59#11 is one of the best targets to reveal the disk/outflow kinematics and address to the angular momentum problem. C1 [Hara, C.] Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1138654, Japan. [Hara, C.; Kawabe, R.; Shimajiri, Y.; Ueda, J.; Kurono, Y.; Nakamura, F.; Saito, M.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Tokyo, Japan. [Kawabe, R.] Joint ALMA Off, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Shimajiri, Y.] Nobeyama Radio Observ, Minamimaki, Nagano, Japan. [Ueda, J.; Wilner, D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA. [Tsukagoshi, T.] Ibaraki Univ, Ibaraki, Japan. RP Hara, C (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Tokyo 1138654, Japan. EM c.hara@nao.ac.jp; ryo.kawabe@nao.ac.jp; yoshito.shimajiri@nao.ac.jp; junko.ueda@nao.ac.jp; ttsuka@mx.ibaraki.ac.jp; fumitaka.nakamura@nao.ac.jp; dwilner@cfa.harvard.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-837-4; 978-1-58381-836-7 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2013 VL 476 BP 373 EP 374 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BE6BZ UT WOS:000373870400094 ER PT B AU Chitsazzadeh, S Di Francesco, J Bourke, T Friesen, R Langston, G Pineda, J Schnee, S Shimajiri, Y Takakuwa, S Tatematsu, K Tobin, J AF Chitsazzadeh, S. Di Francesco, J. Bourke, T. Friesen, R. Langston, G. Pineda, J. Schnee, S. Shimajiri, Y. Takakuwa, S. Tatematsu, K. Tobin, J. BE Kawabe, R Kuno, N Yamamoto, S TI Molecular Emission Observations of Dense Core L1689-SMM16 SO NEW TRENDS IN RADIO ASTRONOMY IN THE ALMA ERA: THE 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF NOBEYAMA RADIO OBSERVATORY SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on New Trends in Radio Astronomy in the ALMA Era: The 30th Anniversary of Nobeyama Radio Observatory CY DEC 03-08, 2012 CL Hakone, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Inoue Fdn Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan ID TEMPERATURE C1 [Chitsazzadeh, S.] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. [Chitsazzadeh, S.; Di Francesco, J.] Natl Res Council Canada, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Bourke, T.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA. [Friesen, R.] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. [Langston, G.; Schnee, S.; Tobin, J.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Washington, DC USA. [Pineda, J.] Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Shimajiri, Y.] Nobeyama Radio Observ, Minamimaki, Nagano, Japan. [Takakuwa, S.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei, Taiwan. [Tatematsu, K.] ALMA J Natl Astron Observ Japan, Tokyo, Japan. RP Chitsazzadeh, S (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. EM schitsaz@uvic.ca; yoshito.shimajiri@nao.ac.jp; takakuwa@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw; jtobin@nrao.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-837-4; 978-1-58381-836-7 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2013 VL 476 BP 379 EP 380 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BE6BZ UT WOS:000373870400097 ER PT B AU Tsukagoshi, T Momose, M Hashimoto, J Kudo, T Andrews, S Ohashi, N Kitamura, Y Saito, M Wilner, D Tamura, M Kawabe, R AF Tsukagoshi, T. Momose, M. Hashimoto, J. Kudo, T. Andrews, S. Ohashi, N. Kitamura, Y. Saito, M. Wilner, D. Tamura, M. Kawabe, R. BE Kawabe, R Kuno, N Yamamoto, S TI Submillimeter and Near Infrared Studies for the Evolved Transition Disk around Sz 91 SO NEW TRENDS IN RADIO ASTRONOMY IN THE ALMA ERA: THE 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF NOBEYAMA RADIO OBSERVATORY SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on New Trends in Radio Astronomy in the ALMA Era: The 30th Anniversary of Nobeyama Radio Observatory CY DEC 03-08, 2012 CL Hakone, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Inoue Fdn Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan AB We performed aperture synthesis 345 GHz continuum and CO(3-2) observations with SMA and K-s-band polarized intensity imaging with the Subaru telescope for a transition disk around class III object in Lupus, Sz 91. Our observations successfully resolved the dust disk with a radius of 170 AU and unveiled the inner hole with a radius of 65 AU. In addition, we found the rotating gas disk with a radius of 260 AU in the CO(3-2) line. The model fitting to the spectral energy distribution reveals that the disk contains a mass of 2.2 x 10(-3) M-circle dot in the cold outer part of the disk, and a small amount (greater than or similar to 10(-6) M-Jup) of warm dust (greater than or similar to 150 K) remains in the inner hole of the disk. The structure of the hot component could be interpreted by either a self-luminous emitting body (e.g., circumplanetary disk) or a ring in the inner hole of the disk. C1 [Tsukagoshi, T.; Momose, M.] Ibaraki Univ, Coll Sci, Mito, Ibaraki 3108512, Japan. [Kitamura, Y.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Tokyo, Japan. [Hashimoto, J.; Kudo, T.; Ohashi, N.; Saito, M.; Tamura, M.; Kawabe, R.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Tokyo, Japan. [Andrews, S.; Wilner, D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Tsukagoshi, T (reprint author), Ibaraki Univ, Coll Sci, Mito, Ibaraki 3108512, Japan. EM ttsuka@mx.ibaraki.ac.jp; momose@mx.ibaraki.ac.jp; sandrews@cfa.harvard.edu; nohashi@naoj.org; dwilner@cfa.harvard.edu; motohide.tamura@nao.ac.jp; ryo.kawabe@nao.ac.jp NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-837-4; 978-1-58381-836-7 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2013 VL 476 BP 391 EP 392 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BE6BZ UT WOS:000373870400103 ER PT B AU Takahashi, S Saigo, K Ho, PTP Tomida, K AF Takahashi, Satoko Saigo, Kazuya Ho, Paul T. P. Tomida, Kengo BE Kawabe, R Kuno, N Yamamoto, S TI Spatially Resolving an Extremely Young Intermediate-mass Protostar in Orion SO NEW TRENDS IN RADIO ASTRONOMY IN THE ALMA ERA: THE 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF NOBEYAMA RADIO OBSERVATORY SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on New Trends in Radio Astronomy in the ALMA Era: The 30th Anniversary of Nobeyama Radio Observatory CY DEC 03-08, 2012 CL Hakone, JAPAN SP Univ Tokyo, Inoue Fdn Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan AB We present subarcsecond resolution 850 pm continuum emission, HCN (4-3) and CO (3-2) observations made with the Submillimeter Array (SMA), toward an extremely young intermediate-mass protostellar core, MMS 6-main, located in the Orion Molecular Cloud 2/3 region. Spatially resolved 850 mu m image shows a massive envelope (0.29 M-circle dot), the presence of hot gas (>= 52 K), and an extremely high column density (N-H2 =2.1x10(25) cm(-2)) in the central 120 AU. HCN (4-3) and CO (3-2) observation have successfully imaged a compact molecular outflow lobe associated with MMS 6-main for the first time. The detected outflow is the smallest molecular outflow ever found in the intermediate-mass protostellar cores. Our observational results suggest that MMS 6-main is a protostellar core at the earliest evolutionary stage, most likely shortly after the second core (i.e., protostar) formation. C1 [Takahashi, Satoko; Ho, Paul T. P.] ASIAA, POB 23-141, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Saigo, Kazuya] NAOJ, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Ho, Paul T. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Tomida, Kengo] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Takahashi, S (reprint author), ASIAA, POB 23-141, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. EM satoko_t@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw; pho@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-837-4; 978-1-58381-836-7 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2013 VL 476 BP 397 EP 398 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BE6BZ UT WOS:000373870400106 ER PT B AU Brown, M Crofoot, M AF Brown, Michelle Crofoot, Margaret BE Sterling, EJ Bynum, N Blair, ME TI Social and spatial relationships between primate groups SO PRIMATE ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION: A HANDBOOK OF TECHNIQUES SE Techniques in Ecology and Conservation Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Brown, Michelle] Univ Zurich, Anthropol Inst & Museum, Zurich, Switzerland. [Brown, Michelle] Univ New Mexico, Dept Anthropol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Crofoot, Margaret] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Crofoot, Margaret] Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Div Migrat & Immunoecol, Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany. [Crofoot, Margaret] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Brown, M (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Anthropol Inst & Museum, Zurich, Switzerland. EM moowalks@gmail.com; crofootm@si.edu NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 198 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA BN 978-0-19-965945-6; 978-0-19-177477-5; 978-0-19-965944-9 J9 TECH ECOL CONSERVAT PY 2013 BP 151 EP 176 D2 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199659449.001.0001 PG 26 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Zoology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA BC8GY UT WOS:000355679400011 ER PT J AU Kaeppler, AL AF Kaeppler, Adrienne L. TI MUSIC AND DANCE AS EXPORT AND IMPORT: A CASE STUDY OF JAPAN IN EUROPE, AND HAWAI'I IN JAPAN SO YEARBOOK FOR TRADITIONAL MUSIC LA English DT Article C1 Smithsonian Inst, Ocean Ethnol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Kaeppler, AL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Ocean Ethnol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT COUNCIL TRADITIONAL MUSIC PI LJUBLJANA PA UNIV LJUBLJANA, DEPT MUSICOLOGY, FACULTY ARTS, ASKERCEVA 2, LJUBLJANA, 1000, SLOVENIA SN 0740-1558 J9 YEARB TRADIT MUSIC JI Yearb. Tradit. Mus. PY 2013 VL 45 BP 214 EP 230 PG 17 WC Music SC Music GA V40VQ UT WOS:000209506500015 ER PT J AU Turner, BL Condron, LM Wells, A Andersen, KM AF Turner, Benjamin L. Condron, Leo M. Wells, Andrew Andersen, Kelly M. TI Soil nutrient dynamics during podzol development under lowland temperate rain forest in New Zealand (vol 97, pg 50, 2012) SO CATENA LA English DT Correction C1 [Turner, Benjamin L.; Andersen, Kelly M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Condron, Leo M.; Wells, Andrew] Lincoln Univ, Canterbury 7647, New Zealand. RP Turner, BL (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM TurnerBL@si.edu RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011; Condron, Leo/E-9458-2013 OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722; NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0341-8162 J9 CATENA JI Catena PD JAN PY 2013 VL 100 BP 148 EP 148 DI 10.1016/j.catena.2012.08.010 PG 1 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Geology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 023LY UT WOS:000310037300015 ER PT J AU Velez-Juarbe, J Noriega, JI Ferrero, BS AF Velez-Juarbe, Jorge Noriega, Jorge I. Ferrero, Brenda S. TI FOSSIL DUGONGIDAE (MAMMALIA, SIRENIA) FROM THE PARANA FORMATION (LATE MIOCENE) OF ENTRE RIOS PROVINCE, ARGENTINA SO AMEGHINIANA LA English DT Article DE Sirenia; Dugongidae; Miocene; Argentina ID EVOLUTION AB Fossil sirenians are well known from the Western Atlantic and Caribbean (WAC) region. Neogene records from the Atlantic coast of South America, although scarce, seem to reflect a similar taxonomic composition to its northern contemporaries. Fossil sirenians from Argentina are known from the late Miocene Parana and Ituzaingo formations in Entre Rios Province. An upper third molar housed in the Museo de Paleontologia de la Universidad Nacional de Cordoba (CORD-PZ 4301), from the Parana. Formation, was originally described and assigned to the dugongid genus Metaxytherium Christol. Subsequent workers suggested it could instead belong to the dugongid genus Dioplotherium Cope, a designation that we confirm upon examination of the material. Additionally, we describe new sirenian remains from the Parana Formation, consisting of two incomplete maxillae with teeth, belonging to one individual, deposited at the Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Parana (MASP 373). This specimen shows similarities with species of Metaxytherium from the northern WAC. The Parana Formation sirenians represent the southernmost occurrences of these two genera, and the geologically youngest occurrence of dugongids in the southern WAC. Dioplotherium and Metaxytherium also occur in the early Miocene of northern Brazil. The presence of these taxa as far south as Entre Rios latitude suggests two possible dispersal routes: (1) across a marginal connection between a southern arm of the Amazonian Sea and the "Paranense Sea"; (2) along the Brazilian coast. Lastly, the occurrence of dugongids, which feed mainly on seagrasses, indicates that these marine angiosperms were present in the region as well. C1 [Velez-Juarbe, Jorge] Howard Univ, Dept Anat, Lab Evolutionary Biol, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Velez-Juarbe, Jorge] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Noriega, Jorge I.; Ferrero, Brenda S.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Ctr Invest Cient & Transferencia Tecnol Prod Diam, Lab Paleontol Vertebrados, Diamante, Entre Rios, Argentina. RP Velez-Juarbe, J (reprint author), Howard Univ, Dept Anat, Lab Evolutionary Biol, Washington, DC 20059 USA. EM velezjuarbe@gmail.com; cidnoriega@infoaire.com.ar; brendaferrero@yahoo.com.ar FU WBHR-LSAMP Bridge; Smithsonian Institution; NSF EAR [0929117]; PICT-ANPCYT [2007-392]; PIP-CONICET [2008-886] FX We thank G. Bahler, G. Ibargoyen, and J. Pena (MASP) for access to fossil materials; B. Beatty and M. Cozzuol for their comments as reviewers, and E. Cerdeno for her editorial task. Financial support to JVJ was provided by the WBHR-LSAMP Bridge to the Doctorate Program at HU, a National Museum of Natural History predoctoral fellowship from the Smithsonian Institution and a NSF EAR grant (no. 0929117) to D.P. Domning. Field work was partially supported by grants PICT-ANPCYT 2007-392 and PIP-CONICET 2008-886. NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU ASOCIACION PALEONTOLOGICA ARGENTINA PI BUENOS AIRES PA MAIPU 645, 1ER PISO, 1006 BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA SN 0002-7014 EI 1851-8044 J9 AMEGHINIANA JI Ameghiniana PD DEC 31 PY 2012 VL 49 IS 4 BP 585 EP 593 DI 10.5710/AMGH.27.6.2012.568 PG 9 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA 193JE UT WOS:000322555300011 ER PT J AU Bin, Y Ye, WH Muller-Landau, HC Wu, LF Lian, JY Cao, HL AF Bin, Yue Ye, Wanhui Muller-Landau, Helene C. Wu, Linfang Lian, Juyu Cao, Honglin TI Unimodal Tree Size Distributions Possibly Result from Relatively Strong Conservatism in Intermediate Size Classes SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RAIN-FOREST TREES; SUBTROPICAL FOREST; METABOLIC ECOLOGY; TROPICAL FORESTS; POPULATION-LEVEL; SHADE TOLERANCE; GROWTH; MORTALITY; COMMUNITY; PLOT AB Tree size distributions have long been of interest to ecologists and foresters because they reflect fundamental demographic processes. Previous studies have assumed that size distributions are often associated with population trends or with the degree of shade tolerance. We tested these associations for 31 tree species in a 20 ha plot in a Dinghushan south subtropical forest in China. These species varied widely in growth form and shade-tolerance. We used 2005 and 2010 census data from that plot. We found that 23 species had reversed J shaped size distributions, and eight species had unimodal size distributions in 2005. On average, modal species had lower recruitment rates than reversed J species, while showing no significant difference in mortality rates, per capita population growth rates or shade-tolerance. We compared the observed size distributions with the equilibrium distributions projected from observed size-dependent growth and mortality. We found that observed distributions generally had the same shape as predicted equilibrium distributions in both unimodal and reversed J species, but there were statistically significant, important quantitative differences between observed and projected equilibrium size distributions in most species, suggesting that these populations are not at equilibrium and that this forest is changing over time. Almost all modal species had U-shaped size-dependent mortality and/or growth functions, with turning points of both mortality and growth at intermediate size classes close to the peak in the size distribution. These results show that modal size distributions do not necessarily indicate either population decline or shade-intolerance. Instead, the modal species in our study were characterized by a life history strategy of relatively strong conservatism in an intermediate size class, leading to very low growth and mortality in that size class, and thus to a peak in the size distribution at intermediate sizes. C1 [Bin, Yue; Ye, Wanhui; Wu, Linfang; Lian, Juyu; Cao, Honglin] Chinese Acad Sci, S China Bot Garden, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Muller-Landau, Helene C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Lian, JY (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, S China Bot Garden, Key Lab Vegetat Restorat & Management Degraded Ec, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM lianjy@scbg.ac.cn FU Knowledge Innovation Project of The Chinese Academy of Sciences [KSCX2-EW-Z]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31100312, 31011120470]; Chinese Forest Biodiversity Monitoring Network; US National Science Foundation [DEB-1046113] FX This research was supported by Knowledge Innovation Project of The Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-EW-Z), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31100312) and Chinese Forest Biodiversity Monitoring Network. This manuscript is a product of the 2011 analytical workshop of the Center for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS) in Changbaishan, China, jointly funded by the US National Science Foundation (DEB-1046113) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31011120470). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 33 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 31 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 12 AR e52596 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0052596 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 075GO UT WOS:000313872600020 PM 23300714 ER PT J AU Rinkevich, FD Hedtke, SM Leichter, CA Harris, SA Su, C Brady, SG Taskin, V Qiu, XH Scott, JG AF Rinkevich, Frank D. Hedtke, Shannon M. Leichter, Cheryl A. Harris, Sarah A. Su, Cathy Brady, Sean G. Taskin, Vatan Qiu, Xinghui Scott, Jeffrey G. TI Multiple Origins of kdr-type Resistance in the House Fly, Musca domestica SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SODIUM-CHANNEL GENE; APHID MYZUS-PERSICAE; IN-FIELD POPULATIONS; PEACH-POTATO APHIDS; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; PYRETHROID RESISTANCE; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; BEMISIA-TABACI; MUTATIONS; FREQUENCIES AB Insecticide resistance is a model phenotype that can be used to investigate evolutionary processes underlying the spread of alleles across a global landscape, while offering valuable insights into solving the problems that resistant pests present to human health and agriculture. Pyrethroids are one of the most widely used classes of insecticides world-wide and they exert their toxic effects through interactions with the voltage-sensitive sodium channel (Vssc). Specific mutations in Vssc (kdr, kdr-his and super-kdr) are known to cause resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in house flies. In order to determine the number of evolutionary origins of kdr, kdr-his and super-kdr, we sequenced a region of Vssc from house flies collected in the USA, Turkey and China. Our phylogenetic analysis of Vssc unequivocally supports the hypothesis of multiple independent origins of kdr, super-kdr and kdr-his on an unprecedented geographic scale. The implications of these evolutionary processes on pest management are discussed. C1 [Rinkevich, Frank D.; Hedtke, Shannon M.; Leichter, Cheryl A.; Harris, Sarah A.; Su, Cathy; Scott, Jeffrey G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Brady, Sean G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Taskin, Vatan] Mugla Sitki Kocman Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Mugla, Turkey. [Qiu, Xinghui] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, State Key Lab Integrated Management Pest Insects, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Scott, JG (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Comstock Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM JGS5@cornell.edu FU Hatch project [139 7416] FX This work was supported by Hatch project 139 7416. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 46 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 6 U2 50 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 28 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 12 AR e52761 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0052761 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 064DQ UT WOS:000313051500058 PM 23285178 ER PT J AU Harasewych, MG AF Harasewych, M. G. TI The fossil record and phylogeography of the family Cerionidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata), with the description of a new species from the Pleistocene of Florida SO NAUTILUS LA English DT Article DE Cerion; diversity zoogeography; vicariance; dispersal ID LAND SNAIL CERION; PALEOGEOGRAPHY; HYBRIDIZATION; BIOGEOGRAPHY; PALEOCENE; HISTORY; REGION; GENUS AB Cerion petuchi, new species, the first record of the genus from the Pleistocene of Florida, is described from Loxahatchee, Florida, from deposits of the Loxahatchee Member of the Bermont Formation (Aftonian Pleistocene). This new species is more similar to Cerion agassizii from the Pleistocene of the Great Bahamas Bank, and to the Recent Cerion incanum saccharimeta, from the Florida Keys, than to either of the species from the Late Oligocene-Early Miocene Ballast Point Si lex Beds of Tampa, Florida. Data on the geographic distribution and geological age of all known cerionids is compiled and, together with models of the geologic and tectonic history of the Caribbean region, used to construct a hypothesis of the origins, ages, and relationships among the various lineages within the family since the Upper Cretaceous. The early distribution of the family was governed primarily by overland dispersal and vicariance. It is suggested that the significant proliferation of diversity that began during the Pleistocene is due to the increased prevalence of stochastic dispersal of small propagules (either by rafting or hurricane-born) among the islands of the Cuban and Bahamian archipelagos. Sea level changes caused by Pleistocene glaciations amplified diversity by repeatedly and sequentially recombining / hybridizing and isolating neighboring populations. Amplification of diversity would have been greatest on the Great Bahama Bank, as it had the highest number of islands that were isolated during interglacial periods and conjoined during glaciations. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Harasewych, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, MRC 163,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM Harasewych@si.edu NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 8 PU BAILEY-MATTHEWS SHELL MUSEUM PI SANIBEL PA C/O DR JOSE H LEAL, ASSOCIATE/MANAGING EDITOR, 3075 SANIBEL-CAPTIVA RD, SANIBEL, FL 33957 USA SN 0028-1344 J9 NAUTILUS JI Nautilus PD DEC 28 PY 2012 VL 126 IS 4 BP 119 EP 126 PG 8 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA 067NL UT WOS:000313301900001 ER PT J AU Ahlering, MA Eggert, LS Western, D Estes, A Munishi, L Fleischer, R Roberts, M Maldonado, JE AF Ahlering, Marissa A. Eggert, Lori S. Western, David Estes, Anna Munishi, Linus Fleischer, Robert Roberts, Melissa Maldonado, Jesus E. TI Identifying Source Populations and Genetic Structure for Savannah Elephants in Human-Dominated Landscapes and Protected Areas in the Kenya-Tanzania Borderlands SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CYTONUCLEAR GENOMIC DISSOCIATION; MALE AFRICAN ELEPHANTS; LOXODONTA-AFRICANA; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; PATERNITY SUCCESS; ASIAN ELEPHANTS; RIFT-VALLEY; DNA; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY AB We investigated the genetic metapopulation structure of elephants across the trans Rift Valley region of Kenya and Tanzania, one of the remaining strongholds for savannah elephants (Loxodonata africana) in East Africa, using microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers. We then examined this population structure to determine the source population for a recent colonization event of savannah elephants on community-owned land within the trans rift valley region. Four of the five sampled populations showed significant genetic differentiation (p<0.05) as measured with both mtDNA haplotypes and microsatellites. Only the samples from the adjacent Maasai Mara and Serengeti ecosystems showed no significant differentiation. A phylogenetic neighbour-joining tree constructed from mtDNA haplotypes detected four clades. Clade four corresponds to the F clade of previous mtDNA studies that reported to have originated in forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis) but to also be present in some savannah elephant populations. The split between clade four and the other three clades corresponded strongly to the geographic distribution of mtDNA haplotypes across the rift valley in the study area. Clade four was the dominant clade detected on the west side of the rift valley with rare occurrences on the east side. Finally, the strong patterns of population differentiation clearly indicated that the recent colonists to the community-owned land in Kenya came from the west side of the rift valley. Our results indicate strong female philopatry within the isolated populations of the trans rift valley region, with gene flow primarily mediated via male movements. The recent colonization event from Maasai Mara or Serengeti suggests there is hope for maintaining connectivity and population viability outside formal protected areas in the region. C1 [Ahlering, Marissa A.; Eggert, Lori S.] Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Ahlering, Marissa A.; Fleischer, Robert; Roberts, Melissa; Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC USA. [Ahlering, Marissa A.; Western, David] African Conservat Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. [Estes, Anna] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Munishi, Linus] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Tarangire Elephant Project, Arusha, Tanzania. [Roberts, Melissa; Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Ahlering, MA (reprint author), Nature Conservancy, Grand Forks, ND USA. EM mahlering@tnc.org FU University of Missouri Research Board; Center for Conservation and Evolutionary Genetics at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute; Smithsonian Postdoctoral Fellowship Program, Friends of the National Zoo; American Philosophical Society; Liz Claiborne and Art Ortenberg Foundation FX This study was supported by the University of Missouri Research Board, the Center for Conservation and Evolutionary Genetics at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, the Smithsonian Postdoctoral Fellowship Program, Friends of the National Zoo, the American Philosophical Society and the Liz Claiborne and Art Ortenberg Foundation. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 67 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 26 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 12 AR e52288 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0052288 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 071TV UT WOS:000313618800065 PM 23300634 ER PT J AU Rakshit, D Blume, D AF Rakshit, D. Blume, D. TI Hyperspherical explicitly correlated Gaussian approach for few-body systems with finite angular momentum SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID STOCHASTIC VARIATIONAL METHOD; GLOBAL-VECTOR REPRESENTATION; INTERACTING PARTICLES; ULTRACOLD GASES; SCATTERING; MOTION; DYNAMICS; STATES AB Within the hyperspherical framework, the solution of the time-independent Schrodinger equation for a n-particle system is divided into two steps: the solution of a Schrodinger-type equation in the hyperangular degrees of freedom and the solution of a set of coupled Schrodinger-type hyperradial equations. The solutions to the former provide effective potentials and coupling matrix elements that enter into the latter set of equations. This paper develops a theoretical framework to determine the effective potentials, as well as the associated coupling matrix elements, for few-body systems with finite angular momentum L = 1 and negative and positive parity Pi. The hyperangular channel functions are expanded in terms of explicitly correlated Gaussian basis functions, and relatively compact expressions for the matrix elements are derived. The developed formalism is applicable to any n; however, for n >= 6, the computational demands are likely beyond present-day computational capabilities. A number of calculations relevant to cold-atom physics are presented, demonstrating that the developed approach provides a computationally efficient means to solving four-body bound and scattering problems with finite angular momentum on powerful desktop computers. Details regarding the implementation are discussed. C1 [Rakshit, D.; Blume, D.] Washington State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Blume, D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Rakshit, D (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. FU ARO; NSF [PHY-1205443]; National Science Foundation; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory FX We thank J. von Stecher for fruitful discussions and correspondence. Support by the ARO and NSF through Grant No. PHY-1205443 is gratefully acknowledged. This work was additionally supported by the National Science Foundation through a grant for the Institute for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics at Harvard University and Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD DEC 26 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 6 AR 062513 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.86.062513 PG 15 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 061EF UT WOS:000312829800014 ER PT J AU Seok, H Buchmann, LF Singh, S Meystre, P AF Seok, H. Buchmann, L. F. Singh, S. Meystre, P. TI Optically mediated nonlinear quantum optomechanics SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID GROUND-STATE; PARAMETRIC AMPLIFICATION; CAVITY OPTOMECHANICS; COUPLED MULTIMODE; BACK-ACTION; RESONATOR; LIGHT; OSCILLATOR; REGIME AB We consider theoretically the optomechanical interaction of several mechanical modes with a single quantized cavity-field mode for linear and quadratic coupling. We focus specifically on situations where the optical dissipation is the dominant source of damping, in which case the optical field can be adiabatically eliminated, resulting in effective multimode interactions between the mechanical modes. In the case of linear coupling, the coherent contribution to the interaction can be exploited (e.g., in quantum state swapping protocols), while the incoherent part leads to significant modifications of cold damping or amplification from the single-mode situation. Quadratic coupling can result in a wealth of possible effective interactions including the analogs of second-harmonic generation and four-wave mixing in nonlinear optics, with specific forms depending sensitively on the sign of the coupling. The cavity-mediated mechanical interaction of two modes is investigated in two limiting cases: the resolved sideband and the Doppler regime. As an illustrative application of the formal analysis we discuss in some detail a two-mode system where a Bose-Einstein condensate is optomechanically linearly coupled to the moving end mirror of a Fabry-Perot cavity. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.86.063829 C1 [Seok, H.; Buchmann, L. F.; Singh, S.; Meystre, P.] Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Inst B2, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Seok, H.; Buchmann, L. F.; Singh, S.; Meystre, P.] Univ Arizona, Coll Opt Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Singh, S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Seok, H (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Inst B2, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. OI Buchmann, Lukas/0000-0002-2527-6789 FU National Science Foundation; DARPA ORCHID program through grant from AFOSR; QuASAR program through grant from AFOSR; DARPA ORCHID program through grant from ARO; QuASAR program through grant from ARO FX We thank E. M. Wright for stimulating discussions. This work is supported in part by the National Science Foundation, ARO, and the DARPA ORCHID and QuASAR programs through grants from AFOSR and ARO. NR 53 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 46 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD DEC 26 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 6 AR 063829 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.86.063829 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 061EF UT WOS:000312829800034 ER PT J AU Uchida, H Koyama, K Yamaguchi, H Sawada, M Ohnishi, T Tsuru, TG Tanaka, T Yshiike, S Fukui, Y AF Uchida, Hiroyuki Koyama, Katsuji Yamaguchi, Hiroya Sawada, Makoto Ohnishi, Takao Tsuru, Takeshi Go Tanaka, Takaaki Yshiike, Satoshi Fukui, Yasuo TI Recombining Plasma and Hard X-Ray Filament in the Mixed-Morphology Supernova Remnant W44 SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE ISM; abundances - ISM; individual (W44) - ISM; supernova remnants - X-rays; ISM ID SHOCKED MOLECULAR GAS; FE-RICH EJECTA; IC 443; RADIO-EMISSION; RX J1713.7-3946; COSMIC-RAYS; DISCOVERY; SUZAKU; SPECTRUM; ASCA AB We report on new features of the typical mixed-morphology supernova remnant W44. In X-ray spectra obtained with Suzaku, radiative recombination continua of highly ionized atoms were detected for the first time. The spectra are well reproduced by a thermal plasma in a recombining phase. The best-fit parameters suggest that the electron temperature of the shock-heated matter rapidly cooled down from similar to 1 keV to similar to 0.5 keV, possibly due to adiabatic expansion (rarefaction), occurred similar to 20000 yr ago. We also discovered hard X-ray emission, which shows an arclike structure spatially correlating with a radio continuum filament. The surface-brightness distribution has a clear anticorrelation with (CO)-C-12 (J = 2-1) emission from a molecular cloud observed with NANTEN2. While the hard X-ray is most likely due to a synchrotron enhancement in the vicinity of the cloud, no current model can quantitatively predict the observed flux. C1 [Uchida, Hiroyuki; Koyama, Katsuji; Sawada, Makoto; Ohnishi, Takao; Tsuru, Takeshi Go; Tanaka, Takaaki] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Koyama, Katsuji] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 560043, Japan. [Yamaguchi, Hiroya] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sawada, Makoto] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525258, Japan. [Yshiike, Satoshi; Fukui, Yasuo] Nagoya Univ, Dept Phys, Chikusa Ku, Nagoya, Aichi 4648602, Japan. RP Uchida, H (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Sakyo Ku, Kitashirakawa Oiwake Cho, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. EM uchida@cr.scphys.kyoto-u.ac.jp RI XRAY, SUZAKU/A-1808-2009 FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS); JSPS KAKENHI [23000004, 24540229]; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan FX HU, MS, and TO are supported by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Research Fellowship for Young Scientists. HY is supported by JSPS Research Fellowship for Research Abroad. KK is supported by JSPS KAKENHI (Nos. 23000004, 24540229). This work was supported by a Grant-in-Aid for the Global COE Program "The Next Generation of Physics, Spun from Universality and Emergence" from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan. NR 69 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0004-6264 EI 2053-051X J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC JPN JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Jpn. PD DEC 25 PY 2012 VL 64 IS 6 AR 141 DI 10.1093/pasj/64.6.141 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 065KR UT WOS:000313147700027 ER PT J AU Anker, A Pachelle, PPG De Grave, S Hultgren, KM AF Anker, Arthur Pachelle, Paulo P. G. De Grave, Sammy Hultgren, Kristin M. TI Taxonomic and biological notes on some Atlantic species of the snapping shrimp genus Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888 (Decapoda, Alpheidae) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Caridea; snapping shrimp; Synalpheus; Atlantic; new records; Porifera; symbiosis ID CHERAX-DESTRUCTOR DECAPODA; SPONGE-DWELLING SHRIMP; FRESH-WATER CRAYFISH; INDIAN RIVER REGION; BELIZE BARRIER-REEF; SP-NOV MICROSPORA; GULF-OF-MEXICO; SHALLOW-WATER; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; HOST-SPECIFICITY AB The present study is a preliminary report on 36 Atlantic species of the snapping shrimp genus Synalpheus Spence Bate, 1888; 32 from the western Atlantic and four from the eastern Atlantic. The vast majority of specimens were collected along the Caribbean coast of Panama between 2005 and 2008 and around Sao Tome Island in 2006. Additional specimens were collected in Costa Rica, Honduras, Belize, Mexico, Dominican Republic, Aruba, Venezuela, Florida, Brazil and Cape Verde, between 1998 and 2011. Some older museum material was also examined. Three nominal varieties or subspecies, viz. S. tumidomanus africanus Crosnier & Forest, 1965, S. tumidomanus congoensis Crosnier & Forest, 1965 and S. minus var. antillensis Coutiere, 1909 are elevated to full species rank, becoming S. africanus, S. congoensis, and S. antillensis, respectively. Several species are reported for the first time from Panama, Honduras, Dominican Republic, Aruba, St. Martin, and Brazil. General taxonomic and/or ecological notes are provided for all species treated herein. The need for more taxonomic and molecular work is highlighted for the western Atlantic S. cf. africanus, S. anasimus Chace, 1972, S. apioceros Coutiere, 1909, S. bousfieldi Chace, 1972, S. brooksi Coutiere, 1909, S. fritzmuelleri Coutiere, 1909, S. goodei Coutiere, 1909, S. herricki Coutiere, 1909, S. cf. longicarpus (Herrick, 1891), S. ul (Rios & Duffy, 2007) and S. yano (Rios & Duffy, 2007), as well as the eastern Atlantic S. cf. africanus. Most species reported are illustrated in colour, some for the first time. New sponge hosts are recorded for several species of the S. gambarelloides (Nardo, 1847) group. A table summarising life habits and social organisation for all presently known Atlantic species of Synalpheus is provided. Keys for the identification of all presently known western and eastern species of Synalpheus are also provided. C1 [Anker, Arthur] Univ Fed Ceara, Inst Ciencias Mar Labomar, Lab Zoobentos, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. [Pachelle, Paulo P. G.] Univ Fed Ceara, Dept Biol, Lab Invertebrados Marinhos Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. [De Grave, Sammy] Univ Oxford, Museum Nat Hist, Oxford, England. [Hultgren, Kristin M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Anker, A (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci TMSI, Singapore 117548, Singapore. EM arthuranker7@yahoo.com OI De Grave, Sammy/0000-0002-2437-2445 FU CAPES (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior) of the Brazilian Government; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), Operation Wallacea; National Geographic Society; French Ministere de l'Ecologie, du Developpement Durable et de l'Energie / Direction Regionale de l'Environnement, de l'Amenagement et du Logement de Guadeloupe FX The present study was supported by CAPES (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior) of the Brazilian Government in the form of a postdoctoral fellowship to the first author. Antonio J. Baeza (Old Dominion University, USA), Gustav Paulay (FLMNH), Andrew L. Rhyne (Roger Williams University, USA), Luis Ernesto Arruda Bezerra (UFC and UFERSA), Eva Toth (CIEE, Bonaire), Nancy Knowlton (USNM), Nuno Simoes and Julio Duarte-Gutierrez (UNAM, Sisal, Mexico), J. Emmett Duffy (VIMS), and Jonathan A. Vera Caripe (Universidad de Oriente, Venezuela) helped collecting additional specimens. The Atol das Rocas material was collected by Paulo Young (late of MNRJ) and his collaborators. Collection permits in Panama and Sao Tome were issued by the Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente (ANAM) of the Republic of Panama and the Direccao das Pescas of the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe, respectively. Fieldwork in Panama, Honduras, and Sao Tome was sponsored / supported by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), Operation Wallacea (project director: Tim Coles), and the National Geographic Society, respectively. Fieldwork in St. Martin was sponsored by the French Ministere de l'Ecologie, du Developpement Durable et de l'Energie / Direction Regionale de l'Environnement, de l'Amenagement et du Logement de Guadeloupe, co-organised by Jean-Philippe Marechal and Gustav Paulay, and carried out with help of the staff of Reserve Naturelle Nationale de Saint-Martin. Anouchka Sato (MNHN), Charles H. J. M. Fransen (RMNH), Irene Cardoso (MNRJ), Marcos Tavares (MZUSP), and John Slapcinsky / Amanda Bemis (FLMNH) assisted with deposition of specimens. Martyn Low (National University of Singapore) helped obtaining some literature and advised on nomenclature. Ellen Muller (Bonaire) provided beautiful in situ photographs of S. hemphilli. NR 156 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 24 PY 2012 IS 3598 BP 1 EP + PG 95 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 059GR UT WOS:000312692900001 ER PT J AU Ryder, TB Horton, BM van den Tillaart, M Morales, JD Moore, IT AF Ryder, Thomas B. Horton, Brent M. van den Tillaart, Mike Morales, Juan De Dios Moore, Ignacio T. TI Proximity data-loggers increase the quantity and quality of social network data SO BIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE coded nanotag; proximity data-loggers; social networks ID INDIVIDUALS; TECHNOLOGY; BEHAVIOR; BIRD AB Social network analysis is an ideal quantitative tool for advancing our understanding of complex social behaviour. However, this approach is often limited by the challenges of accurately characterizing social structure and measuring network heterogeneity. Technological advances have facilitated the study of social networks, but to date, all such work has focused on large vertebrates. Here, we provide proof of concept for using proximity data-logging to quantify the frequency of social interactions, construct weighted networks and characterize variation in the social behaviour of a lek-breeding bird, the wire-tailed manakin, Pipra filicauda. Our results highlight how this approach can ameliorate the challenges of social network data collection and analysis by concurrently improving data quality and quantity. C1 [Ryder, Thomas B.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Horton, Brent M.] Emory Univ, Dept Psychol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [van den Tillaart, Mike] Lotek Wireless, Newmarket, ON L3Y 7B5, Canada. [Morales, Juan De Dios] Univ San Francisco Quito, Dept Biol, Quito, Ecuador. [Moore, Ignacio T.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Ryder, TB (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, POB 37012,MRC5503, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM rydert@si.edu OI Moore, Ignacio/0000-0001-8875-8913 FU NSF [IOS 0545735] FX We thank Tiputini and Universidad San Francisco de Quito for logistical support and NSF for funding to ITM (IOS 0545735). NR 17 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 43 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1744-9561 EI 1744-957X J9 BIOL LETTERS JI Biol. Lett. PD DEC 23 PY 2012 VL 8 IS 6 BP 917 EP 920 DI 10.1098/rsbl.2012.0536 PG 4 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 036KP UT WOS:000311025100007 PM 22859558 ER PT J AU Shik, JZ Hou, C Kay, A Kaspari, M Gillooly, JF AF Shik, Jonathan Z. Hou, Chen Kay, Adam Kaspari, Michael Gillooly, James F. TI Towards a general life-history model of the superorganism: predicting the survival, growth and reproduction of ant societies SO BIOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ant colony; life history; metabolic scaling ID SOCIAL INSECTS; EVOLUTION; COLONIES; SIZE AB Social insect societies dominate many terrestrial ecosystems across the planet. Colony members cooperate to capture and use resources to maximize survival and reproduction. Yet, when compared with solitary organisms, we understand relatively little about the factors responsible for differences in the rates of survival, growth and reproduction among colonies. To explain these differences, we present a mathematical model that predicts these three rates for ant colonies based on the body sizes and metabolic rates of colony members. Specifically, the model predicts that smaller colonies tend to use more energy per gram of biomass, live faster and die younger. Model predictions are supported with data from whole colonies for a diversity of species, with much of the variation in colony-level life history explained based on physiological traits of individual ants. The theory and data presented here provide a first step towards a more general theory of colony life history that applies across species and environments. C1 [Gillooly, James F.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Shik, Jonathan Z.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Hou, Chen] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. [Hou, Chen] China Agr Univ, Key Lab Agr Engn Struct & Environm, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Kay, Adam] Univ St Thomas, Dept Biol, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. [Kaspari, Michael] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Zool, Grad Program Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Kaspari, Michael] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Gillooly, JF (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM gillooly@ufl.edu OI Kaspari, Michael/0000-0002-9717-5768; Hou, Chen/0000-0002-3665-225X NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 47 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1744-9561 EI 1744-957X J9 BIOL LETTERS JI Biol. Lett. PD DEC 23 PY 2012 VL 8 IS 6 BP 1059 EP 1062 DI 10.1098/rsbl.2012.0463 PG 4 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 036KP UT WOS:000311025100045 PM 22896271 ER PT J AU Stockstill-Cahill, KR McCoy, TJ Nittler, LR Weider, SZ Hauck, SA AF Stockstill-Cahill, Karen R. McCoy, Timothy J. Nittler, Larry R. Weider, Shoshana Z. Hauck, Steven A., II TI Magnesium-rich crustal compositions on Mercury: Implications for magmatism from petrologic modeling SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY SPECTROMETRY; ATOMIC DATABASE; PHASE-RELATIONS; EMISSION-LINES; SURFACE; MESSENGER; EVOLUTION; PLANETS; LIQUIDS; CHIANTI AB We have conducted petrologic modeling of MESSENGER-derived compositions and analog compositions to gain a better understanding of the petrogenesis of the crust of Mercury. Analog compositions included a 1425 degrees C partial melt of the Indarch (EH4) meteorite and a range of Mg-rich terrestrial rocks (magnesian basalt, basaltic komatiite, and peridotitic komatiite). All models were held at the iron-wustite buffer to simulate the reducing conditions that likely existed during Mercury's formation. We then compared modeled mineral compositions and abundances, liquidus temperatures, and viscosities to better constrain the characteristics of the lavas that erupted on Mercury's surface. Our results show that the surface composition of Mercury is most similar to that of a terrestrial magnesian basalt (with lowered FeO), composed mainly of Mg-rich orthopyroxene and plagioclase. Because the model magmas are Mg-rich, their counterparts on Mercury would have erupted at high temperatures and displayed low viscosities. Producing melts of these compositions would have required high temperatures at the mantle source regions on Mercury. The inferred low-viscosity lavas would have erupted as thin, laterally extensive flows (depending upon their effusion rate) and would be expected to display surficial flow features that might be preserved to the present. Citation: Stockstill-Cahill, K. R., T. J. McCoy, L. R. Nittler, S. Z. Weider, and S. A. Hauck II (2012), Magnesium-rich crustal compositions on Mercury: Implications for magmatism from petrologic modeling, J. Geophys. Res., 117, E00L15, doi:10.1029/2012JE004140. C1 [Stockstill-Cahill, Karen R.; McCoy, Timothy J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Nittler, Larry R.; Weider, Shoshana Z.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Hauck, Steven A., II] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Earth Environm & Planetary Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Stockstill-Cahill, KR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM cahillk@si.edu RI Hauck, Steven/A-7865-2008; OI Hauck, Steven/0000-0001-8245-146X; Weider, Shoshana/0000-0003-1034-909X FU NASA [NASW-00002, NAS5-97271]; MESSENGER Participating Scientist Program grant FX We thank the MESSENGER science and engineering teams for their development and execution of the MESSENGER mission and for their acquisition and analysis of mission data, which made this work possible. We also thank Francis McCubbin and an anonymous reviewer for insightful reviews of this manuscript. This work is supported by a MESSENGER Participating Scientist Program grant to T.J.M. The MESSENGER project is supported by the NASA Discovery Program under contracts NASW-00002 to the Carnegie Institution of Washington and NAS5-97271 to The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. NR 50 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 38 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD DEC 22 PY 2012 VL 117 AR E00L15 DI 10.1029/2012JE004140 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 061DN UT WOS:000312827400001 ER PT J AU Schnitzer, SA Mangan, SA Dalling, JW Baldeck, CA Hubbell, SP Ledo, A Muller-Landau, H Tobin, MF Aguilar, S Brassfield, D Hernandez, A Lao, S Perez, R Valdes, O Yorke, SR AF Schnitzer, Stefan A. Mangan, Scott A. Dalling, James W. Baldeck, Claire A. Hubbell, Stephen P. Ledo, Alicia Muller-Landau, Helene Tobin, Michael F. Aguilar, Salomon Brassfield, David Hernandez, Andres Lao, Suzanne Perez, Rolando Valdes, Oldemar Yorke, Suzanne Rutishauser TI Liana Abundance, Diversity, and Distribution on Barro Colorado Island, Panama SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL FOREST CANOPY; RAIN-FOREST; HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS; TREE REGENERATION; SPECIES RICHNESS; POINT-PROCESSES; COSTA-RICA; GAPS; PATTERNS; MORTALITY AB Lianas are a key component of tropical forests; however, most surveys are too small to accurately quantify liana community composition, diversity, abundance, and spatial distribution - critical components for measuring the contribution of lianas to forest processes. In 2007, we tagged, mapped, measured the diameter, and identified all lianas >= 1 cm rooted in a 50-ha plot on Barro Colorado Island, Panama (BCI). We calculated liana density, basal area, and species richness for both independently rooted lianas and all rooted liana stems (genets plus clones). We compared spatial aggregation patterns of liana and tree species, and among liana species that varied in the amount of clonal reproduction. We also tested whether liana and tree densities have increased on BCI compared to surveys conducted 30-years earlier. This study represents the most comprehensive spatially contiguous sampling of lianas ever conducted and, over the 50 ha area, we found 67,447 rooted liana stems comprising 162 species. Rooted lianas composed nearly 25% of the woody stems (trees and lianas), 35% of woody species richness, and 3% of woody basal area. Lianas were spatially aggregated within the 50-ha plot and the liana species with the highest proportion of clonal stems more spatially aggregated than the least clonal species, possibly indicating clonal stem recruitment following canopy disturbance. Over the past 30 years, liana density increased by 75% for stems >= 1 cm diameter and nearly 140% for stems >= 5 cm diameter, while tree density on BCI decreased 11.5%; a finding consistent with other neotropical forests. Our data confirm that lianas contribute substantially to tropical forest stem density and diversity, they have highly clumped distributions that appear to be driven by clonal stem recruitment into treefall gaps, and they are increasing relative to trees, thus indicating that lianas will play a greater role in the future dynamics of BCI and other neotropical forests. C1 [Schnitzer, Stefan A.; Mangan, Scott A.; Ledo, Alicia; Tobin, Michael F.; Valdes, Oldemar; Yorke, Suzanne Rutishauser] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Schnitzer, Stefan A.; Mangan, Scott A.; Dalling, James W.; Hubbell, Stephen P.; Muller-Landau, Helene; Aguilar, Salomon; Brassfield, David; Hernandez, Andres; Lao, Suzanne; Perez, Rolando; Valdes, Oldemar] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Dalling, James W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Baldeck, Claire A.] Univ Illinois, Program Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hubbell, Stephen P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Ledo, Alicia] Univ Politecn Madrid, ETSI Montes, Madrid, Spain. RP Schnitzer, SA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Sci, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. EM S1@uwm.edu OI Schnitzer, Stefan/0000-0002-2715-9455 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0613666, DEB-0845071]; UWM Research Growth Initiative; UWM Office for Undergraduate Research; UWM Center for Latin American and Caribbean Studies FX The study was made possible by financial support from the National Science Foundation (DEB-0613666, DEB-0845071), UWM Research Growth Initiative, UWM Office for Undergraduate Research, and the UWM Center for Latin American and Caribbean Studies. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 65 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 6 U2 84 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 21 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 12 AR e52114 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0052114 PG 16 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 065OW UT WOS:000313158800031 PM 23284889 ER PT J AU Montaser, R Paul, VJ Luesch, H AF Montaser, Rana Paul, Valerie J. Luesch, Hendrik TI Marine Cyanobacterial Fatty Acid Amides Acting on Cannabinoid Receptors SO CHEMBIOCHEM LA English DT Article DE amides; anti-inflammatory agents; cannabimimetics; malyngamides; marine cyanobacteria ID ENDOCANNABINOID SYSTEM; LYNGBYA-MAJUSCULA; ENDOGENOUS CANNABINOIDS; ABSOLUTE-CONFIGURATION; NATURAL-PRODUCTS; MALYNGAMIDE-U; BRAIN; METABOLITES; PLANT C1 [Montaser, Rana; Luesch, Hendrik] Univ Florida, Dept Med Chem, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Paul, Valerie J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. RP Luesch, H (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Med Chem, 1600 SW Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM luesch@cop.ufl.edu FU National Institutes of Health, NIGMS [P41M086210] FX This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health, NIGMS Grant P41M086210. This is contribution 893 from the Smithsonian Marine Station. NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 19 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1439-4227 J9 CHEMBIOCHEM JI ChemBioChem PD DEC 21 PY 2012 VL 13 IS 18 BP 2676 EP 2681 DI 10.1002/cbic.201200502 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 057EV UT WOS:000312546300006 PM 23143757 ER PT J AU Gu, C Catalli, K Grocholski, B Gao, LL Alp, E Chow, P Xiao, YM Cynn, H Evans, WJ Shim, SH AF Gu, Chen Catalli, Krystle Grocholski, Brent Gao, Lili Alp, Ercan Chow, Paul Xiao, Yuming Cynn, Hyunchae Evans, William J. Shim, Sang-Heon TI Electronic structure of iron in magnesium silicate glasses at high pressure SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID EARTHS DEEP MANTLE; MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; SPIN TRANSITION; PEROVSKITE; STATE AB A recent study attributed the source of an iron partitioning change between silicate melt and minerals at deep mantle conditions to a high-spin to low-spin change in iron, which was found in a Fe-diluted Mg-silicate glass at a similar pressure. We conducted X-ray emission spectroscopy and nuclear forward scattering on iron-rich Mg-silicate glasses at high pressure and 300 K in the diamond-anvil cell: Al-free glass up to 135 GPa and Al-bearing glass up to 93 GPa. In both glasses, the spin moment decreases gradually from 1 bar and does not reach a complete low-spin state even at the peak pressures of this study. The gradual change may be due to the existence of diverse coordination environments for iron in the glasses and continuous structural adjustment of the disordered system with pressure. If the result can be extrapolated to iron in mantle melts, the small, gradual changes in the spin state of iron may not be the dominant factor explaining the reported sudden change in the partitioning behavior of iron between silicate melt and minerals at lower-mantle pressures. Citation: Gu, C., K. Catalli, B. Grocholski, L. Gao, E. Alp, P. Chow, Y. Xiao, H. Cynn, W. J. Evans, and S.-H. Shim (2012), Electronic structure of iron in magnesium silicate glasses at high pressure, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L24304, doi:10.1029/2012GL053950. C1 [Gu, Chen] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA USA. [Catalli, Krystle; Cynn, Hyunchae; Evans, William J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Grocholski, Brent] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Gao, Lili; Alp, Ercan] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, Sect 3, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Chow, Paul; Xiao, Yuming] Argonne Natl Lab, Adv Photon Source, HPCAT, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Shim, Sang-Heon] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85278 USA. RP Shim, SH (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, 781 E Terrace Rd, Tempe, AZ 85278 USA. EM shdsim@asu.edu OI Shim, Sang-Heon/0000-0001-5203-6038 FU DOE by the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W-7405-Eng-48]; NSF [EAR-0968685]; DOE [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX We thank P. Asimow and D. Andrault for helpful comments that improved this paper. Use of Sector 3 was partially supported by COMPRES. Portions of this work were performed under the auspices of the DOE by the University of California, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (W-7405-Eng-48). Use of HPCAT was supported by DOE-BES, DOE-NNSA, NSF, DOD-TACOM, and the W. M. Keck Foundation. Use of the APS was supported by the DOE (DE-AC02-06CH11357). This work is supported by NSF to S. H. S. (EAR-0968685). NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 35 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD DEC 20 PY 2012 VL 39 AR L24304 DI 10.1029/2012GL053950 PG 6 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 061UN UT WOS:000312874000005 ER PT J AU Jordan, GC Perets, HB Fisher, RT van Rossum, DR AF Jordan, George C. Perets, Hagai B. Fisher, Robert T. van Rossum, Daniel R. TI FAILED-DETONATION SUPERNOVAE: SUBLUMINOUS LOW-VELOCITY Ia SUPERNOVAE AND THEIR KICKED REMNANT WHITE DWARFS WITH IRON-RICH CORES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; ISM: supernova remnants; supernovae: general; supernovae: individual (2002cx, 2008ha); white dwarfs ID DELAYED-DETONATION; DEFLAGRATION PHASE; SN 2002CX; MODEL; SIMULATIONS; IGNITION; PROGENITOR; EXPLOSION; EVOLUTION; UNIVERSE AB Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) originate from the thermonuclear explosions of carbon-oxygen (C-O) white dwarfs (WDs). The single-degenerate scenario is a well-explored model of SNe Ia where unstable thermonuclear burning initiates in an accreting, Chandrasekhar-mass WD and forms an advancing flame. By several proposed physical processes, the rising, burning material triggers a detonation, which subsequently consumes and unbinds the WD. However, if a detonation is not triggered and the deflagration is too weak to unbind the star, a completely different scenario unfolds. We explore the failure of the gravitationally confined detonation mechanism of SNe Ia, and demonstrate through two-dimensional and three-dimensional simulations the properties of failed-detonation SNe. We show that failed-detonation SNe expel a few 0.1 M-circle dot of burned and partially burned material and that a fraction of the material falls back onto the WD, polluting the remnant WD with intermediate-mass and iron-group elements that likely segregate to the core forming a WD whose core is iron rich. The remaining material is asymmetrically ejected at velocities comparable to the escape velocity from the WD, and in response, the WD is kicked to velocities of a few hundred km s(-1). These kicks may unbind the binary and eject a runaway/hypervelocity WD. Although the energy and ejected mass of the failed-detonation SN are a fraction of typical thermonuclear SNe, they are likely to appear as subluminous low-velocity SNe Ia. Such failed detonations might therefore explain or are related to the observed branch of peculiar SNe Ia, such as the family of low-velocity subluminous SNe (SN 2002cx/SN 2008ha-like SNe). C1 [Jordan, George C.; van Rossum, Daniel R.] Univ Chicago, Ctr Astrophys Thermonucl Flashes, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Jordan, George C.; van Rossum, Daniel R.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Perets, Hagai B.] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Dept Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Perets, Hagai B.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Fisher, Robert T.] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dept Phys, N Dartmouth, MA 02740 USA. RP Jordan, GC (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Ctr Astrophys Thermonucl Flashes, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RI Fisher, Robert/J-8667-2014; Perets, Hagai/K-9605-2015 OI Fisher, Robert/0000-0001-8077-7255; Perets, Hagai/0000-0002-5004-199X FU CfA prize fellowship; BIKURA prize fellowship; US Department of Energy (DOE) [B523820]; National Science Foundation [AST-0909132]; Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors thank the FLASH Code Group, the FLASH Astrophysics Group, and the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility at Argonne National Laboratory. H. B. P. is supported by the CfA and BIKURA prize fellowships. This work was supported in part at the University of Chicago by the US Department of Energy (DOE) under contract B523820 to the ASC Alliances Center for Astrophysical Nuclear Flashes, and in part by the National Science Foundation under grant No. AST-0909132 for the "Petascale Computing of Thermonuclear Supernova Explosions." This research used computational resources awarded under the INCITE program at ALCF at ANL, which is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under contract no. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 39 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 20 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 2 AR L23 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/761/2/L23 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 056MP UT WOS:000312494600008 ER PT J AU Chakraborti, S Yadav, N Ray, A Smith, R Chandra, P Pooley, D AF Chakraborti, Sayan Yadav, Naveen Ray, Alak Smith, Randall Chandra, Poonam Pooley, David TI X-RAY EMISSION FROM SN 2004dj: A TALE OF TWO SHOCKS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; radio continuum: general; shock waves; stars: mass-loss; supernovae: individual (SN 2004dj); X-rays: general ID II-P SUPERNOVAE; RADIO-EMISSION; MASS-LOSS; NGC-2403; PROGENITOR; GALAXIES; REMNANTS; MODELS; 2002AP; STARS AB Type IIP (Plateau) supernovae are the most commonly observed variety of core-collapse events. They have been detected in a wide range of wavelengths from radio, through optical to X-rays. The standard picture of a Type IIP supernova has the blastwave interacting with the progenitor's circumstellar matter to produce a hot region bounded by a forward and a reverse shock. This region is thought to be responsible for most of the X-ray and radio emission from these objects. Yet the origin of X-rays from these supernovae is not well understood quantitatively. The relative contributions of particle acceleration and magnetic field amplification in generating the X-ray and radio emission need to be determined. In this work, we analyze archival Chandra observations of SN 2004dj, one of the nearest supernovae since SN 1987A, along with published radio and optical information. We determine the pre-explosion mass-loss rate, blastwave velocity, electron acceleration, and magnetic field amplification efficiencies. We find that a greater fraction of the thermal energy goes into accelerating electrons than into amplifying magnetic fields. We conclude that the X-ray emission arises out of a combination of inverse Compton scattering by non-thermal electrons accelerated in the forward shock and thermal emission from supernova ejecta heated by the reverse shock. C1 [Chakraborti, Sayan; Smith, Randall] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chandra, Poonam] Royal Mil Coll Canada, Dept Phys, Kingston, ON K7K 7B4, Canada. [Pooley, David] Sam Houston State Univ, Dept Phys, Huntsville, TX 77340 USA. [Chakraborti, Sayan; Yadav, Naveen; Ray, Alak] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Bombay 400005, Maharashtra, India. RP Chakraborti, S (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Soc Fellows, 78 Mt Auburn St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM schakraborti@fas.harvard.edu OI Yadav, Naveen/0000-0002-4107-9443; Chakraborti, Sayan/0000-0001-6935-5174 NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 2 AR 100 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/100 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 050YH UT WOS:000312090300019 ER PT J AU Chomiuk, L Krauss, MI Rupen, MP Nelson, T Roy, N Sokoloski, JL Mukai, K Munari, U Mioduszewski, A Weston, J O'Brien, TJ Eyres, SPS Bode, MF AF Chomiuk, Laura Krauss, Miriam I. Rupen, Michael P. Nelson, Thomas Roy, Nirupam Sokoloski, Jennifer L. Mukai, Koji Munari, Ulisse Mioduszewski, Amy Weston, Jennifer O'Brien, Tim J. Eyres, Stewart P. S. Bode, Michael F. TI THE RADIO LIGHT CURVE OF THE GAMMA-RAY NOVA IN V407 CYG: THERMAL EMISSION FROM THE IONIZED SYMBIOTIC ENVELOPE, DEVOURED FROM WITHIN BY THE NOVA BLAST SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: symbiotic; novae, cataclysmic variables; radio continuum: stars; stars: individual (V407 Cygni) ID PERIOD-LUMINOSITY RELATION; MASS-LOSS RATES; RS-OPHIUCHI; IA SUPERNOVAE; RECURRENT NOVA; 2006 OUTBURST; CIRCUMSTELLAR MATERIAL; PROGENITOR SYSTEM; CLASSICAL NOVAE; BINARY-SYSTEMS AB We present multi-frequency radio observations of the 2010 nova event in the symbiotic binary V407 Cygni, obtained with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) and spanning 1-45 GHz and 17-770 days following discovery. This nova-the first ever detected in gamma rays-shows a radio light curve dominated by the wind of the Mira giant companion, rather than the nova ejecta themselves. The radio luminosity grew as the wind became increasingly ionized by the nova outburst, and faded as the wind was violently heated from within by the nova shock. This study marks the first time that this physical mechanism has been shown to dominate the radio light curve of an astrophysical transient. We do not observe a thermal signature from the nova ejecta or synchrotron emission from the shock, due to the fact that these components were hidden behind the absorbing screen of the Mira wind. We estimate a mass-loss rate for the Mira wind of (M)over dot(w) approximate to 10(-6) M-circle dot yr(-1). We also present the only radio detection of V407 Cyg before the 2010 nova, gleaned from unpublished 1993 archival VLA data, which shows that the radio luminosity of the Mira wind varies by a factor of greater than or similar to 20 even in quiescence. Although V407 Cyg likely hosts a massive accreting white dwarf, making it a candidate progenitor system for a Type Ia supernova, the dense and radially continuous circumbinary material surrounding V407 Cyg is inconsistent with observational constraints on the environments of most Type Ia supernovae. C1 [Chomiuk, Laura; Krauss, Miriam I.; Rupen, Michael P.; Roy, Nirupam; Mioduszewski, Amy] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Chomiuk, Laura] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chomiuk, Laura] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Nelson, Thomas] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Sokoloski, Jennifer L.; Weston, Jennifer] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Mukai, Koji] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Mukai, Koji] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Xray Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Mukai, Koji] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Munari, Ulisse] INAF Astron Observ Padova, I-36012 Asiago, VI, Italy. [O'Brien, Tim J.] Univ Manchester, Ctr Astrophys, Jodrell Bank, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Eyres, Stewart P. S.] Univ Cent Lancashire, Jeremiah Horrocks Inst, Preston PR1 2HE, Lancs, England. [Bode, Michael F.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Birkenhead CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England. RP Chomiuk, L (reprint author), Natl Radio Astron Observ, POB O, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM chomiuk@pa.msu.edu OI Munari, Ulisse/0000-0001-6805-9664 NR 117 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 2 AR 173 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/173 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 050YH UT WOS:000312090300092 ER PT J AU Dawson, RI Johnson, JA Morton, TD Crepp, JR Fabrycky, DC Murray-Clay, RA Howard, AW AF Dawson, Rebekah I. Johnson, John Asher Morton, Timothy D. Crepp, Justin R. Fabrycky, Daniel C. Murray-Clay, Ruth A. Howard, Andrew W. TI THE PHOTOECCENTRIC EFFECT AND PROTO-HOT JUPITERS. II. KOI-1474.01, A CANDIDATE ECCENTRIC PLANET PERTURBED BY AN UNSEEN COMPANION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems ID TRANSIT TIMING OBSERVATIONS; SPIN-ORBIT ALIGNMENT; TRIPLE STELLAR-SYSTEMS; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; LIGHT CURVES; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; TIDAL FRICTION; GIANT PLANETS; MASS PLANETS; KUIPER-BELT AB The exoplanets known as hot Jupiters-Jupiter-sized planets with periods of less than 10 days-likely are relics of dynamical processes that shape all planetary system architectures. Socrates et al. argued that high eccentricity migration (HEM) mechanisms proposed for situating these close-in planets should produce an observable population of highly eccentric proto-hot Jupiters that have not yet tidally circularized. HEM should also create failed-hot Jupiters, with periapses just beyond the influence of fast circularization. Using the technique we previously presented for measuring eccentricities from photometry (the "photoeccentric effect"), we are distilling a collection of eccentric proto- and failed-hot Jupiters from the Kepler Objects of Interest (KOI). Here, we present the first, KOI-1474.01, which has a long orbital period (69.7340 days) and a large eccentricity e = 0.81(-0.07)(+0.10), skirting the proto-hot Jupiter boundary. Combining Kepler photometry, ground-based spectroscopy, and stellar evolution models, we characterize host KOI-1474 as a rapidly rotating F star. Statistical arguments reveal that the transiting candidate has a low false-positive probability of 3.1%. KOI-1474.01 also exhibits transit-timing variations of the order of an hour. We explore characteristics of the third-body perturber, which is possibly the "smoking-gun" cause of KOI-1474.01's large eccentricity. We use the host star's period, radius, and projected rotational velocity to measure the inclination of the stellar spin. Comparing KOI 1474.01's inclination, we find that its orbit is marginally consistent with being aligned with the stellar spin axis, although a reanalysis is warranted with future additional data. Finally, we discuss how the number and existence of proto-hot Jupiters will not only demonstrate that hot Jupiters migrate via HEM, but also shed light on the typical timescale for the mechanism. C1 [Dawson, Rebekah I.; Murray-Clay, Ruth A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Johnson, John Asher; Morton, Timothy D.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Johnson, John Asher] NASA Exoplanet Sci Inst NExScI, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Crepp, Justin R.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Fabrycky, Daniel C.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Howard, Andrew W.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Dawson, RI (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS 10, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM rdawson@cfa.harvard.edu RI Howard, Andrew/D-4148-2015; OI Howard, Andrew/0000-0001-8638-0320; Fabrycky, Daniel/0000-0003-3750-0183 FU National Science Foundation [DGE-1144152]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; NASA [HF-51272.01, NNX12AJ23G, NAS5-26555]; NASA Science Mission directorate; NASA Office of Space Science [NNX09AF08G] FX We thank the anonymous reviewer for the helpful and timely report. R.I.D. gratefully acknowledges support by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under grant DGE-1144152. J.A.J. acknowledges support from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. D.C.F. (not to be confused with the DCF) is supported by NASA Hubble Fellowship HF-51272.01. A.W.H. acknowledges support from NASA Origins of Solar Systems grant NNX12AJ23G. We thank Zachary Berta, Joshua Carter, Courtney Dressing, Emily Fabrycky, Jonathan Irwin, Scott Kenyon, David Kipping, Maxwell Moe, Norman Murray, Smadar Naoz, and Roberto Sanchis Ojeda for helpful comments and discussions. Special thanks to J. Zachary Gazak for helpful modifications to the TAP code.; This paper includes data collected by the Kepler mission. Funding for the Kepler mission is provided by the NASA Science Mission directorate. Some of the data presented in this paper were obtained from the Multimission Archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute (MAST). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for MAST for non-HST data is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science via grant NNX09AF08G and by other grants and contracts. NR 114 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 2 AR 163 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/163 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 050YH UT WOS:000312090300082 ER PT J AU Hynes, RI Wright, NJ Maccarone, TJ Jonker, PG Greiss, S Steeghs, D Torres, MAP Britt, CT Nelemans, G AF Hynes, Robert I. Wright, N. J. Maccarone, T. J. Jonker, P. G. Greiss, S. Steeghs, D. Torres, M. A. P. Britt, C. T. Nelemans, G. TI IDENTIFICATION OF GALACTIC BULGE SURVEY X-RAY SOURCES WITH TYCHO-2 STARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: close; stars: activity; stars: emission-line, Be; stars: massive; surveys ID ALL-SKY SURVEY; POINT-SOURCE CATALOG; MILKY-WAY BULGE; H-II REGIONS; SPECTRAL CLASSIFICATIONS; SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD; RADIAL-VELOCITIES; VARIABLE-STARS; DATA RELEASE; O STARS AB We identify 69 X-ray sources discovered by the Galactic Bulge Survey (GBS) that are coincident with or very close to bright stars in the Tycho-2 catalog. Additionally, two other GBS sources are resolved binary companions to Tycho-2 stars where both components are separately detected in X-rays. Most of these are likely to be real matches, but we identify nine objects with large and significant X-ray-to-optical offsets as either detections of resolved binary companions or chance alignments. We collate known spectral types for these objects, and also examine Two Micron All Sky Survey colors, variability information from the All-Sky Automated Survey, and X-ray hardness ratios for the brightest objects. Nearly a third of the stars are found to be optically variable, divided roughly evenly between irregular variations and periodic modulations. All fall among the softest objects identified by the GBS. The sample forms a very mixed selection, ranging in spectral class from O9 to M3. In some cases, the X-ray emission appears consistent with normal coronal emission from late-type stars, or wind emission from early-types, but the sample also includes one known Algol, one W UMa system, two Be stars, and several X-ray bright objects likely to be coronally active stars or binaries. Surprisingly, a substantial fraction of the spectroscopically classified, non-coincidental sample (12 out of 38 objects) have late B or A type counterparts. Many of these exhibit redder near-IR colors than expected for their spectral type and/or variability, and it is likely that the X-rays originate from a late-type companion star in most or all of these objects. C1 [Hynes, Robert I.; Britt, C. T.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Wright, N. J.; Jonker, P. G.; Steeghs, D.; Torres, M. A. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Maccarone, T. J.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Jonker, P. G.; Torres, M. A. P.] SRON, Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Jonker, P. G.; Nelemans, G.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, Dept Astrophys, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Greiss, S.; Steeghs, D.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. RP Hynes, RI (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 202 Nicholson Hall,Tower Dr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM rih@phys.lsu.edu RI Nelemans, Gijs/D-3177-2012; Steeghs, Danny/C-5468-2009 OI Nelemans, Gijs/0000-0002-0752-2974; Steeghs, Danny/0000-0003-0771-4746 FU National Science Foundation [AST-0908789]; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory [GO2-13044B]; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research; STFC; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under grant No. AST-0908789 and by grant GO2-13044B from the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. P.G.J. and G.N. acknowledge support from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research. D.S. acknowledges an STFC Advanced Fellowship. T.J.M. thanks STFC for support via a rolling grant to the University of Southampton. R.I.H. thanks the Universities of Warwick and Southampton, and SRON, the Netherlands Institute for Space Research in Utrecht for their hospitality while much of this work was being done.; This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France, and NASA's Astrophysics Data System. Finally we are very grateful to Dr. Eric Mamajek for making available his compilation of stellar colors and temperatures for dwarf stars. NR 97 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 11 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 2 AR 162 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/162 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 050YH UT WOS:000312090300081 ER PT J AU Mancone, CL Baker, T Gonzalez, AH Ashby, MLN Stanford, SA Brodwin, M Eisenhardt, PRM Snyder, G Stern, D Wright, EL AF Mancone, Conor L. Baker, Troy Gonzalez, Anthony H. Ashby, Matthew L. N. Stanford, Spencer A. Brodwin, Mark Eisenhardt, Peter R. M. Snyder, Greg Stern, Daniel Wright, Edward L. TI THE FAINT END OF THE CLUSTER-GALAXY LUMINOSITY FUNCTION AT HIGH REDSHIFT SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: luminosity function, mass ID SIMILAR-TO 1; STELLAR POPULATION SYNTHESIS; STAR-FORMATION HISTORIES; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; IRAC SHALLOW SURVEY; RED SEQUENCE; COMA CLUSTER; INTRACLUSTER STARS; DENSITY RELATION AB We measure the faint-end slope of the galaxy luminosity function (LF) for cluster galaxies at 1 < z < 1.5 using Spitzer IRAC data. We investigate whether this slope, alpha, differs from that of the field LF at these redshifts, and with the cluster LF at low redshifts. The latter is of particular interest as low-luminosity galaxies are expected to undergo significant evolution. We use seven high-redshift spectroscopically confirmed galaxy clusters drawn from the IRAC Shallow Cluster Survey to measure the cluster-galaxy LF down to depths of M*+3 (3.6 mu m) andM*+2.5 (4.5 mu m). The summed LF at our median cluster redshift (z = 1.35) is well fit by a Schechter distribution with alpha(3.6 mu m) = -0.97 +/- 0.14 and alpha(4.5 mu m) = -0.91 +/- 0.28, consistent with a flat faint-end slope and is in agreement with measurements of the field LF in similar bands at these redshifts. A comparison to alpha in low-redshift clusters finds no statistically significant evidence of evolution. Combined with past studies which show that M* is passively evolving out to z similar to 1.3, this means that the shape of the cluster LF is largely in place by z similar to 1.3. This suggests that the processes that govern the buildup of the mass of low-mass cluster galaxies have no net effect on the faint-end slope of the cluster LF at z less than or similar to 1.3. C1 [Mancone, Conor L.; Baker, Troy; Gonzalez, Anthony H.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ashby, Matthew L. N.; Snyder, Greg] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Stanford, Spencer A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Stanford, Spencer A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Brodwin, Mark] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Eisenhardt, Peter R. M.; Stern, Daniel] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Wright, Edward L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Mancone, CL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM cmancone@astro.ufl.edu FU NASA [NAS 5-26555, HST-GO-10496]; National Science Foundation [AST-00708490]; [P78]; [P30950]; [GO-10496] FX This work is based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. The observations are associated with programs P78 and P30950. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained from the Data Archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. The observations are associated with program GO-10496. C. L. M. and A. H. G. acknowledge support for this work from the National Science Foundation under grant AST-00708490. A. H. G., M. B., and S. A. S. also acknowledge support from NASA through grant HST-GO-10496. NR 70 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 2 AR 141 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/141 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 050YH UT WOS:000312090300060 ER PT J AU Semler, DR Suhada, R Aird, KA Ashby, MLN Bautz, M Bayliss, M Bazin, G Bocquet, S Benson, BA Bleem, LE Brodwin, M Carlstrom, JE Chang, CL Cho, HM Clocchiatti, A Crawford, TM Crites, AT de Haan, T Desai, S Dobbs, MA Dudley, JP Foley, RJ George, EM Gladders, MD Gonzalez, AH Halverson, NW Harrington, NL High, FW Holder, GP Holzapfel, WL Hoover, S Hrubes, JD Jones, C Joy, M Keisler, R Knox, L Lee, AT Leitch, EM Liu, J Lueker, M Luong-Van, D Mantz, A Marrone, DP McDonald, M McMahon, JJ Mehl, J Meyer, SS Mocanu, L Mohr, JJ Montroy, TE Murray, SS Natoli, T Padin, S Plagge, T Pryke, C Reichardt, CL Rest, A Ruel, J Ruhl, JE Saliwanchik, BR Saro, A Sayre, JT Schaffer, KK Shaw, L Shirokoff, E Song, J Spieler, HG Stalder, B Staniszewski, Z Stark, AA Story, K Stubbs, CW van Engelen, A Vanderlinde, K Vieira, JD Vikhlinin, A Williamson, R Zahn, O Zenteno, A AF Semler, D. R. Suhada, R. Aird, K. A. Ashby, M. L. N. Bautz, M. Bayliss, M. Bazin, G. Bocquet, S. Benson, B. A. Bleem, L. E. Brodwin, M. Carlstrom, J. E. Chang, C. L. Cho, H. M. Clocchiatti, A. Crawford, T. M. Crites, A. T. de Haan, T. Desai, S. Dobbs, M. A. Dudley, J. P. Foley, R. J. George, E. M. Gladders, M. D. Gonzalez, A. H. Halverson, N. W. Harrington, N. L. High, F. W. Holder, G. P. Holzapfel, W. L. Hoover, S. Hrubes, J. D. Jones, C. Joy, M. Keisler, R. Knox, L. Lee, A. T. Leitch, E. M. Liu, J. Lueker, M. Luong-Van, D. Mantz, A. Marrone, D. P. McDonald, M. McMahon, J. J. Mehl, J. Meyer, S. S. Mocanu, L. Mohr, J. J. Montroy, T. E. Murray, S. S. Natoli, T. Padin, S. Plagge, T. Pryke, C. Reichardt, C. L. Rest, A. Ruel, J. Ruhl, J. E. Saliwanchik, B. R. Saro, A. Sayre, J. T. Schaffer, K. K. Shaw, L. Shirokoff, E. Song, J. Spieler, H. G. Stalder, B. Staniszewski, Z. Stark, A. A. Story, K. Stubbs, C. W. van Engelen, A. Vanderlinde, K. Vieira, J. D. Vikhlinin, A. Williamson, R. Zahn, O. Zenteno, A. TI HIGH-REDSHIFT COOL-CORE GALAXY CLUSTERS DETECTED VIA THE SUNYAEV-ZEL'DOVICH EFFECT IN THE SOUTH POLE TELESCOPE SURVEY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; X-RAY; INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM; BRIGHTEST CLUSTER; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; EVOLUTION; RADIO; CATALOG; SAMPLE; FLOWS AB We report the first investigation of cool-core properties of galaxy clusters selected via their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. We use 13 galaxy clusters uniformly selected from 178 deg(2) observed with the South Pole Telescope (SPT) and followed up by the Chandra X-ray Observatory. They form an approximately mass-limited sample (>3 x 10(14) M-circle dot h(70)(-1)) spanning redshifts 0.3 < z < 1.1. Using previously published X-ray-selected cluster samples, we compare two proxies of cool-core strength: surface brightness concentration (c(SB)) and cuspiness (alpha). We find that c(SB) is better constrained. We measure c(SB) for the SPT sample and find several new z > 0.5 cool-core clusters, including two strong cool cores. This rules out the hypothesis that there are no z > 0.5 clusters that qualify as strong cool cores at the 5.4 sigma level. The fraction of strong cool-core clusters in the SPT sample in this redshift regime is between 7% and 56% (95% confidence). Although the SPT selection function is significantly different from the X-ray samples, the high-z c(SB) distribution for the SPT sample is statistically consistent with that of X-ray-selected samples at both low and high redshifts. The cool-core strength is inversely correlated with the offset between the brightest cluster galaxy and the X-ray centroid, providing evidence that the dynamical state affects the cool-core strength of the cluster. Larger SZ-selected samples will be crucial in understanding the evolution of cluster cool cores over cosmic time. C1 [Semler, D. R.; Suhada, R.; Bazin, G.; Bocquet, S.; Desai, S.; Liu, J.; Mohr, J. J.; Saro, A.; Zenteno, A.] Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Ashby, M. L. N.; Bayliss, M.; Foley, R. J.; Jones, C.; Murray, S. S.; Stalder, B.; Stark, A. A.; Stubbs, C. W.; Vikhlinin, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bautz, M.; McDonald, M.] MIT, MIT Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Bayliss, M.; Ruel, J.; Stubbs, C. W.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bazin, G.; Desai, S.; Liu, J.; Mohr, J. J.; Zenteno, A.] Excellence Cluster Univ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Benson, B. A.; Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Crawford, T. M.; Crites, A. T.; Gladders, M. D.; High, F. W.; Hoover, S.; Keisler, R.; Leitch, E. M.; Mantz, A.; McMahon, J. J.; Mehl, J.; Meyer, S. S.; Mocanu, L.; Natoli, T.; Padin, S.; Plagge, T.; Schaffer, K. K.; Story, K.; Vieira, J. D.; Williamson, R.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Keisler, R.; Meyer, S. S.; Natoli, T.; Story, K.; Vieira, J. D.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Brodwin, M.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Benson, B. A.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Hoover, S.; McMahon, J. J.; Meyer, S. S.; Schaffer, K. K.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.; Crawford, T. M.; Crites, A. T.; Gladders, M. D.; High, F. W.; Leitch, E. M.; Mantz, A.; Mehl, J.; Meyer, S. S.; Mocanu, L.; Padin, S.; Plagge, T.; Williamson, R.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Cho, H. M.] NIST, Quantum Devices Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Clocchiatti, A.] Dept Astron & Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile. [de Haan, T.; Dobbs, M. A.; Dudley, J. P.; Holder, G. P.; Shaw, L.; van Engelen, A.; Vanderlinde, K.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [George, E. M.; Harrington, N. L.; Holzapfel, W. L.; Lee, A. T.; Lueker, M.; Reichardt, C. L.; Shirokoff, E.; Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gonzalez, A. H.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Joy, M.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Dept Space Sci, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Knox, L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lee, A. T.; Spieler, H. G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lueker, M.; Padin, S.; Shirokoff, E.; Vieira, J. D.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Marrone, D. P.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [McMahon, J. J.; Song, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Mohr, J. J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Montroy, T. E.; Ruhl, J. E.; Saliwanchik, B. R.; Sayre, J. T.; Staniszewski, Z.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Educ & Res Cosmol & Astrophys, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Pryke, C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Rest, A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Schaffer, K. K.] Sch Art Inst Chicago, Liberal Arts Dept, Chicago, IL 60603 USA. [Shaw, L.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zahn, O.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Semler, DR (reprint author), Univ Munich, Dept Phys, Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany. RI Williamson, Ross/H-1734-2015; Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015; Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012 OI Marrone, Daniel/0000-0002-2367-1080; Aird, Kenneth/0000-0003-1441-9518; Williamson, Ross/0000-0002-6945-2975; Reichardt, Christian/0000-0003-2226-9169; Stark, Antony/0000-0002-2718-9996; Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724 FU National Science Foundation [ANT-0638937]; The Cluster of Excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe"; Excellence Initiative of the Federal Government of Germany, EXC [153]; Chandra X-ray Observatory Center [GO2-13006A]; NSF Physics Frontier Center [PHY-0114422]; Kavli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; NSF [AST-1009012, AST-1009649, MRI-0723073]; National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs program; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; NASA [NAS 8-03060, HST-HF-51308.01]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [GO0-1114, NAS8-03060]; Clay Fellowship; KICP Fellowship; Pennsylvania State University [2834-MIT-SAO-4018]; Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship; Smithsonian Institution; Brinson Foundation FX The South Pole Telescope program is supported by the National Science Foundation through grant ANT-0638937. The Munich group is supported by The Cluster of Excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe," funded by the Excellence Initiative of the Federal Government of Germany, EXC project No. 153. Galaxy cluster research at the University of Chicago is partially supported by Chandra award No. GO2-13006A issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center. Partial support is also provided by the NSF Physics Frontier Center grant PHY-0114422 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Kavli Foundation, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Galaxy cluster research at Harvard is supported by NSF grant AST-1009012. Galaxy cluster research at SAO is supported in part by NSF grants AST-1009649 and MRI-0723073. The McGill group acknowledges funding from the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Canada Research Chairs program, and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research. X-ray research at the CfA is supported through NASA contract NAS 8-03060. Support for X-ray analysis is provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra award No. GO0-1114 issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060. R.J.F. is supported by a Clay Fellowship. B. A. B is supported by a KICP Fellowship. M. Bautz and M. M acknowledge support from contract 2834-MIT-SAO-4018 from the Pennsylvania State University to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. M. M acknowledges support from NASA Hubble fellowship grant HST-HF-51308.01. M. D. acknowledges support from an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship, C.J. acknowledges support from the Smithsonian Institution, and B. S. acknowledges support from the Brinson Foundation. The authors thank Marcella Brusa for her helpful discussion. NR 55 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 2 AR 183 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/183 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 050YH UT WOS:000312090300102 ER PT J AU Siverd, RJ Beatty, TG Pepper, J Eastman, JD Collins, K Bieryla, A Latham, DW Buchhave, LA Jensen, ELN Crepp, JR Street, R Stassun, KG Gaudi, BS Berlind, P Calkins, ML DePoy, DL Esquerdo, GA Fulton, BJ Furesz, G Geary, JC Gould, A Hebb, L Kielkopf, JF Marshall, JL Pogge, R Stanek, KZ Stefanik, RP Szentgyorgyi, AH Trueblood, M Trueblood, P Stutz, AM van Saders, JL AF Siverd, Robert J. Beatty, Thomas G. Pepper, Joshua Eastman, Jason D. Collins, Karen Bieryla, Allyson Latham, David W. Buchhave, Lars A. Jensen, Eric L. N. Crepp, Justin R. Street, Rachel Stassun, Keivan G. Gaudi, B. Scott Berlind, Perry Calkins, Michael L. DePoy, D. L. Esquerdo, Gilbert A. Fulton, Benjamin J. Furesz, Gabor Geary, John C. Gould, Andrew Hebb, Leslie Kielkopf, John F. Marshall, Jennifer L. Pogge, Richard Stanek, K. Z. Stefanik, Robert P. Szentgyorgyi, Andrew H. Trueblood, Mark Trueblood, Patricia Stutz, Amelia M. van Saders, Jennifer L. TI KELT-1b: A STRONGLY IRRADIATED, HIGHLY INFLATED, SHORT PERIOD, 27 JUPITER-MASS COMPANION TRANSITING A MID-F STAR SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; stars: individual: KELT-1, TYC 2785-2130-1; techniques: photometric; techniques: spectroscopic ID EXTRASOLAR GIANT PLANETS; DWARF ECLIPSING BINARY; SUN-LIKE STAR; HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY; RAPIDLY ROTATING STARS; HYDROGEN-BURNING LIMIT; OPEN CLUSTER M37; LIGHT CURVES; BROWN DWARFS; HOT JUPITERS AB We present the discovery of KELT-1b, the first transiting low-mass companion from the wide-field Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope-North (KELT-North) transit survey. A joint analysis of the spectroscopic, radial velocity, and photometric data indicates that the V = 10.7 primary is a mildly evolved mid-F star with T-eff = 6516 +/- 49 K, log g = 4.228(-0.021)(+0.014), and [Fe/H] = 0.052 +/- 0.079, with an inferred mass M* = 1.335 +/- 0.063M(circle dot) and radius R* = 1.471(-0.035)(+0.045) R-circle dot. The companion is a low-mass brown dwarf or a super-massive planet with mass M-P = 27.38 +/- 0.93 M-Jup and radius R-P = 1.116(-0.029)(+0.038) R-Jup. The companion is on a very short (similar to 29 hr) period circular orbit, with an ephemeris T-c(BJD(TDB)) = 2455909.29280 +/- 0.00023 and P = 1.217501 +/- 0.000018 days. KELT-1b receives a large amount of stellar insolation, resulting in an estimated equilibrium temperature assuming zero albedo and perfect redistribution of T-eq = 2423(-27)(+34) K. Comparison with standard evolutionary models suggests that the radius of KELT-1b is likely to be significantly inflated. Adaptive optics imaging reveals a candidate stellar companion to KELT-1 with a separation of 588 +/- 1 mas, which is consistent with an M dwarf if it is at the same distance as the primary. Rossiter-McLaughlin measurements during transit imply a projected spin-orbit alignment angle lambda = 2 +/- 16 deg, consistent with a zero obliquity for KELT-1. Finally, the v sin I* = 56 +/- 2 km s(-1) of the primary is consistent at similar to 2 sigma with tidal synchronization. Given the extreme parameters of the KELT-1 system, we expect it to provide an important testbed for theories of the emplacement and evolution of short-period companions, as well as theories of tidal dissipation and irradiated brown dwarf atmospheres. C1 [Siverd, Robert J.; Pepper, Joshua; Stassun, Keivan G.; Hebb, Leslie] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Beatty, Thomas G.; Gaudi, B. Scott; Gould, Andrew; Pogge, Richard; Stanek, K. Z.; van Saders, Jennifer L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Eastman, Jason D.; Street, Rachel; Fulton, Benjamin J.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA. [Eastman, Jason D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys Broida Hall, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Collins, Karen; Kielkopf, John F.] Univ Louisville, Dept Phys & Astron, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Bieryla, Allyson; Latham, David W.; Berlind, Perry; Calkins, Michael L.; Esquerdo, Gilbert A.; Furesz, Gabor; Geary, John C.; Stefanik, Robert P.; Szentgyorgyi, Andrew H.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Buchhave, Lars A.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Buchhave, Lars A.] Geol Museum, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Jensen, Eric L. N.] Swarthmore Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Swarthmore, PA 19081 USA. [Crepp, Justin R.] CALTECH, Dept Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Crepp, Justin R.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Stassun, Keivan G.] Fisk Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. [DePoy, D. L.; Marshall, Jennifer L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [DePoy, D. L.] Texas A&M Univ, George P & Cynthia Woods Mitchell Inst Fundamenta, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Fulton, Benjamin J.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Trueblood, Mark; Trueblood, Patricia] Winer Observ, Sonoita, AZ 85637 USA. [Stutz, Amelia M.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Stutz, Amelia M.] Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Stutz, Amelia M.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Siverd, RJ (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. OI Eastman, Jason/0000-0003-3773-5142; Jensen, Eric/0000-0002-4625-7333; Buchhave, Lars A./0000-0003-1605-5666; Stutz, Amelia/0000-0003-2300-8200; Pepper, Joshua/0000-0002-3827-8417 FU NASA [NNG04GO70G]; NSF [AST-1056524]; National Science Foundation's PREST [AST-0721386]; NASA Kentucky Space Grant Consortium; Vanderbilt Office of the Provost through the Vanderbilt Initiative in Data-intensive Astrophysics; National Science Foundation through PAARE [AST-0849736]; National Science Foundation through AAG [AST-1009810]; Kepler Mission through NASA [NNX11AB99A]; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory FX We particularly thank Bruce Gary for acquiring and reducing the data from HAO, Saurav Dhital for estimating the chance probability of a close companion, and Bence Beky and the HAT-Net team for giving up one night on the FLWO 1.2 m on short notice. We thank Subo Dong, Jonathan Fortney, Fred Rasio, and Aristotle Socrates for useful discussions. We thank the referee, John Southworth, for a prompt and helpful report. Early work on KELT-North was supported by NASA Grant NNG04GO70G. Work by B.S.G., J.D.E., and T.G.B. was partially supported by NSF CAREER Grant AST-1056524. E.L.N.J. thanks Chris Capron and Peng Zhao for help with these observations, and gratefully acknowledges the support of the National Science Foundation's PREST program, which helped to establish the Peter van de Kamp Observatory through grant AST-0721386. K.A.C. was supported by a NASA Kentucky Space Grant Consortium Graduate Fellowship. J.A.P. and K.G.S. acknowledge support from the Vanderbilt Office of the Provost through the Vanderbilt Initiative in Data-intensive Astrophysics. K.G.S. and L.H. acknowledge the support of the National Science Foundation through PAARE grant AST-0849736 and AAG grant AST-1009810. The TRES and KeplerCam observations were obtained with partial support from the Kepler Mission through NASA Cooperative Agreement NNX11AB99A with the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, PI: D.W.L. NR 189 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 3 U2 21 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 2 AR 123 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/123 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 050YH UT WOS:000312090300042 ER PT J AU Yan, HJ Finkelstein, SL Huang, KH Ryan, RE Ferguson, HC Koekemoer, AM Grogin, NA Dickinson, M Newman, JA Somerville, RS Dave, R Faber, SM Papovich, C Guo, YC Giavalisco, M Lee, KS Reddy, N Cooray, AR Siana, BD Hathi, NP Fazio, GG Ashby, M Weiner, BJ Lucas, RA Dekel, A Pentericci, L Conselice, CJ Kocevski, DD Lai, K AF Yan, Haojing Finkelstein, Steven L. Huang, Kuang-Han Ryan, Russell E. Ferguson, Henry C. Koekemoer, Anton M. Grogin, Norman A. Dickinson, Mark Newman, Jeffrey A. Somerville, Rachel S. Dave, Romeel Faber, S. M. Papovich, Casey Guo, Yicheng Giavalisco, Mauro Lee, Kyoung-soo Reddy, Naveen Cooray, Asantha R. Siana, Brian D. Hathi, Nimish P. Fazio, Giovanni G. Ashby, Matthew Weiner, Benjamin J. Lucas, Ray A. Dekel, Avishai Pentericci, Laura Conselice, Christopher J. Kocevski, Dale D. Lai, Kamson TI LUMINOUS AND HIGH STELLAR MASS CANDIDATE GALAXIES AT z approximate to 8 DISCOVERED IN THE COSMIC ASSEMBLY NEAR-INFRARED DEEP EXTRAGALACTIC LEGACY SURVEY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; galaxies: luminosity function, mass function ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; LYMAN-BREAK GALAXIES; HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; EARLY RELEASE SCIENCE; SPACE-TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS; ARRAY CAMERA OBSERVATIONS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; GREATER-THAN 7; BRIGHT END; WFC3/IR OBSERVATIONS AB One key goal of the Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Assembly Near-Infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey is to track galaxy evolution back to z approximate to 8. Its two-tiered "wide and deep" strategy bridges significant gaps in existing near-infrared surveys. Here we report on z approximate to 8 galaxy candidates selected as F105W-band dropouts in one of its deep fields, which covers 50.1 arcmin(2) to 4 ks depth in each of three near-infrared bands in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey southern field. Two of our candidates have J < 26.2 mag, and are >1 mag brighter than any previously known F105W-dropouts. We derive constraints on the bright end of the rest-frame ultraviolet luminosity function of galaxies at z approximate to 8, and show that the number density of such very bright objects is higher than expected from the previous Schechter luminosity function estimates at this redshift. Another two candidates are securely detected in Spitzer Infrared Array Camera images, which are the first such individual detections at z approximate to 8. Their derived stellar masses are on the order of a few x 10(9) M-circle dot, from which we obtain the first measurement of the high-mass end of the galaxy stellar mass function at z approximate to 8. The high number density of very luminous and very massive galaxies at z approximate to 8, if real, could imply a large stellar-to-halo mass ratio and an efficient conversion of baryons to stars at such an early time. C1 [Yan, Haojing] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Finkelstein, Steven L.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Huang, Kuang-Han] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Ryan, Russell E.; Ferguson, Henry C.; Koekemoer, Anton M.; Grogin, Norman A.; Lucas, Ray A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Dickinson, Mark] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Newman, Jeffrey A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Somerville, Rachel S.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Dave, Romeel] Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Faber, S. M.; Kocevski, Dale D.; Lai, Kamson] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Univ Calif Observ, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Papovich, Casey] Texas A&M Univ, George P & Cynthia Woods Mitchell Inst Fundamenta, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Papovich, Casey] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Guo, Yicheng; Giavalisco, Mauro] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Lee, Kyoung-soo] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Reddy, Naveen; Siana, Brian D.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Cooray, Asantha R.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Hathi, Nimish P.] Observ Carnegie Inst Sci, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Fazio, Giovanni G.; Ashby, Matthew] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Weiner, Benjamin J.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Dekel, Avishai] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Pentericci, Laura] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, RM, Italy. [Conselice, Christopher J.] Univ Nottingham, Ctr Astron & Particle Theory, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. RP Yan, HJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RI Conselice, Christopher/B-4348-2013; Hathi, Nimish/J-7092-2014 OI Hathi, Nimish/0000-0001-6145-5090 FU NASA [HST-GO-11192.1, NAS5-26555]; NASA through Space Telescope Science Institute [HST-GO-12060] FX We thank the referee for the useful comments, which improved the quality of this work. We also thank B. Mobasher and J. Dunlop for their comments on an earlier version of this paper. H.Y. acknowledges the support of NASA grant HST-GO-11192.1. Support for Program number HST-GO-12060 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. NR 66 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 14 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 2 AR 177 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/177 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 050YH UT WOS:000312090300096 ER PT J AU Zhu, L Di Stefano, R Wyrzykowski, L AF Zhu, Ling Di Stefano, Rosanne Wyrzykowski, Lukasz TI RESULTS FROM LONG-TERM OPTICAL MONITORING OF THE SOFT X-RAY TRANSIENT SAX J1810.8-2609 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars: individual: SAX J1810.8-2609; stars: neutron ID GRAVITATIONAL LENSING EXPERIMENT; GALACTIC BULGE; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; 2002 OUTBURST; BLACK-HOLES; BINARIES; QUIESCENCE; SYSTEMS; LIGHT; MODEL AB In this paper, we report the long-term optical observation of the faint soft X-ray transient SAX J1810.8-2609 from the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) and Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA). We have focused on the 2007 outburst, and also cross-correlated its optical light curves and quasi-simultaneous X-ray observations from RXTE/Swift. Both the optical and X-ray light curves of the 2007 outburst show multi-peak features. Quasi-simultaneous optical/X-ray luminosity shows that both the X-ray reprocessing and viscously thermal emission can explain the observed optical flux. There is a slight X-ray delay of 0.6 +/- 0.3 days during the first peak, while the X-ray emission lags the optical emission by similar to 2 days during the rebrightening stage, which suggests that X-ray reprocessing emission contributes significantly to the optical flux in the first peak, but the viscously heated disk origin dominates it during rebrightening. This implies variation of the physical environment of the outer disk, with even the source remaining in a low/hard state during the entire outburst. The similar to 2 day X-ray lag indicates a small accretion disk in the system, and its optical counterpart was not detected by OGLE and MOA during quiescence, which constrained it to be fainter than M-I = 7.5 mag. There is a suspected short-time optical flare detected at MJD = 52583.5 with no detected X-ray counterpart; this single flux increase implies a magnetic loop reconnection in the outer disk, as proposed by Zurita et al. The observations cover all stages of the outburst; however, due to the low sensitivity of RXTE/ASM, we cannot conclude whether it is an optical precursor at the initial rise of the outburst. C1 [Zhu, Ling; Di Stefano, Rosanne] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zhu, Ling] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Ling] Tsinghua Univ, Tsinghua Ctr Astrophys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wyrzykowski, Lukasz] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Wyrzykowski, Lukasz] Warsaw Univ, Astron Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. RP Zhu, L (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM zhul04@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 2 AR 118 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/2/118 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 050YH UT WOS:000312090300037 ER PT J AU Jorger, KM Norenburg, JL Wilson, NG Schrodl, M AF Joerger, Katharina M. Norenburg, Jon L. Wilson, Nerida G. Schroedl, Michael TI Barcoding against a paradox? Combined molecular species delineations reveal multiple cryptic lineages in elusive meiofaunal sea slugs SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID XENOTRICHULA-INTERMEDIA GASTROTRICHA; ACOCHLIDIAN GASTROPOD; DNA TAXONOMY; MILASCHEWITCHII KOWALEVSKY; HETEROBRANCHIA ACOCHLIDIA; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; 3D VISUALIZATION; SEQUENCE DATA; RAPD-PCR; DELIMITATION AB Background: Many marine meiofaunal species are reported to have wide distributions, which creates a paradox considering their hypothesized low dispersal abilities. Correlated with this paradox is an especially high taxonomic deficit for meiofauna, partly related to a lower taxonomic effort and partly to a high number of putative cryptic species. Molecular-based species delineation and barcoding approaches have been advocated for meiofaunal biodiversity assessments to speed up description processes and uncover cryptic lineages. However, these approaches show sensitivity to sampling coverage (taxonomic and geographic) and the success rate has never been explored on mesopsammic Mollusca. Results: We collected the meiofaunal sea-slug Pontohedyle (Acochlidia, Heterobranchia) from 28 localities worldwide. With a traditional morphological approach, all specimens fall into two morphospecies. However, with a multi-marker genetic approach, we reveal multiple lineages that are reciprocally monophyletic on single and concatenated gene trees in phylogenetic analyses. These lineages are largely concordant with geographical and oceanographic parameters, leading to our primary species hypothesis (PSH). In parallel, we apply four independent methods of molecular based species delineation: General Mixed Yule Coalescent model (GMYC), statistical parsimony, Bayesian Species Delineation (BPP) and Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD). The secondary species hypothesis (SSH) is gained by relying only on uncontradicted results of the different approaches ('minimum consensus approach'), resulting in the discovery of a radiation of (at least) 12 mainly cryptic species, 9 of them new to science, some sympatric and some allopatric with respect to ocean boundaries. However, the meiofaunal paradox still persists in some Pontohedyle species identified here with wide coastal and trans-archipelago distributions. Conclusions: Our study confirms extensive, morphologically cryptic diversity among meiofauna and accentuates the taxonomic deficit that characterizes meiofauna research. We observe for Pontohedyle slugs a high degree of morphological simplicity and uniformity, which we expect might be a general rule for meiofauna. To tackle cryptic diversity in little explored and hard-to-sample invertebrate taxa, at present, a combined approach seems most promising, such as multi-marker-barcoding (i.e., molecular systematics using mitochondrial and nuclear markers and the criterion of reciprocal monophyly) combined with a minimum consensus approach across independent methods of molecular species delineation to define candidate species. C1 [Joerger, Katharina M.; Schroedl, Michael] Bavarian State Collect Zool, Mollusca Dept, D-81247 Munich, Germany. [Joerger, Katharina M.; Schroedl, Michael] Univ Munich, Dept Biol 2, BioZentrum Martinsried, D-82152 Planegg Martinsried, Germany. [Norenburg, Jon L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Wilson, Nerida G.] Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. RP Jorger, KM (reprint author), Bavarian State Collect Zool, Mollusca Dept, Munchhausenstr 21, D-81247 Munich, Germany. EM Katharina.Joerger@zsm.mwn.de RI Wilson, Nerida/G-8433-2011; Norenburg, Jon/K-3481-2015 OI Wilson, Nerida/0000-0002-0784-0200; Norenburg, Jon/0000-0001-7776-1527 FU Volkswagen Foundation; Australian Museum; Moorea Biocode project; DFG [SCHR667/4]; Smithsonian Marine Science Network; Biodiversity Synthesis Group of the Encyclopedia of Life FX We are especially grateful to our colleagues and friends for sharing material, assistance in the field and support with sampling permits: Gustav Mamangkey and Fontje Kaligis (Indonesia), Yuri Hooker (Peru), Peter Ryall and Timea Neusser (Ghana), Proyeto Mar and Luiz Simone (Brazil), Bastian Brenzinger (Croatia), Greg Rouse (Moorea), Red Sea Environmental Center (Egypt), Sascha Martynov (Black Sea), the organizers of the World Congress for Malacology (Thailand) and the Dumbarton Agricultural Station (St. Vincent). Thanks to Julia Sigwart (Queens University Belfast) for collecting Asperspina brambelli. Katrine Worsaae (University of Copenhagen), Rick Hochberg (University of Massachusetts, Lowell) and the rest of the Encyclopedia of Life Meiofauna workshop are thanked for sorting material in the Caribbean and Barbara Eder (ZSM) for help in documenting and fixing specimens from Bocas del Toro, Panama. This study received funding by a PhD scholarship of the Volkswagen Foundation to KMJ. NGW was supported by the Australian Museum and the Moorea Biocode project. Field activities were supported by DFG SCHR667/4 to MS. The GeoBio Center LMU provided diving equipment. The study was supported in part by funds to JLN from the Smithsonian Marine Science Network and the Biodiversity Synthesis Group of the Encyclopedia of Life. This is contribution Nr. 933 of the Smithsonian CCRE program in Belize. We wish to thank two anonymous referees for helpful discussion on the manuscript. NR 103 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 59 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2148 J9 BMC EVOL BIOL JI BMC Evol. Biol. PD DEC 18 PY 2012 VL 12 AR 245 DI 10.1186/1471-2148-12-245 PG 18 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 091LB UT WOS:000315049800001 PM 23244441 ER PT J AU Vari, RP Ferraris, CJ Skelton, PH AF Vari, Richard P. Ferraris, Carl J., Jr. Skelton, Paul H. TI New Species of Congoglanis (Siluriformes: Amphiliidae) from the Southern Congo River Basin SO COPEIA LA English DT Article AB A new species of catfish of the subfamily Doumeinae, of the African family Amphiliidae, was discovered from the Kasai River system in northeastern Angola and given the name Congoglanis howesi The new species exhibits a combination of proportional body measurements that readily distinguishes it from all congeners. This brings to four the number of species of Congoglanis, all of which are endemic to the Congo River basin. C1 [Vari, Richard P.] Smithsonian Inst, Div Fishes, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Skelton, Paul H.] S African Inst Aquat Biodivers, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. RP Vari, RP (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Div Fishes, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,WG-14,MRC 159, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM varir@si.edu; carlferraris@comcast.net; p.skelton@saiab.ac.za FU Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Chair in Systematic Ichthyology; SAIAB, a National Research Facility of the National Research Foundation (South Africa) FX Support for this project was provided to RPV and CJF by the Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Chair in Systematic Ichthyology and to PHS by SAIAB, a National Research Facility of the National Research Foundation (South Africa). We thank B. Brown (AMNH), J. Friel (CU), K. Hartel (MCZ), J. Snoeks, E. Vreven, and M. Parrent (MRAC) for the loan of specimens. Radiographs and other assistance during the study were provided by S. Raredon and J. Clayton (USNM). Figure 1 was prepared by T. Griswold and Figure 2 by W. Coetzer (SAIAB). NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS PI MIAMI PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200 SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA SN 0045-8511 EI 1938-5110 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD DEC 18 PY 2012 IS 4 BP 626 EP 630 DI 10.1643/CI-12-029 PG 5 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 063DL UT WOS:000312976300004 ER PT J AU Fernandez, L Vari, RP AF Fernandez, Luis Vari, Richard P. TI New Species of Trichomycterus (Teleostei: Siluriformes) from the Andean Cordillera of Argentina and the Second Record of the Genus in Thermal Waters SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID SOUTH-AMERICA TELEOSTEI; CATFISH; SILVINICHTHYS; REVISION; FISH AB Trichomycterus minus, new species, is described from an Andean stream in Provincia de Catamarca, Argentina. The new species is distinguished from congeners by the number of supraorbital pores, the form of the supraorbital canal within the frontal, the length of the lateral line canal, the shape of the supraorbital tendon bone, the size of the premaxilla, the form of the barbels, an absence of a thick layer of rugose fatty tissue on the head and body, the number and degree of exposure of odontodes on the interopercle, the limited compression of the caudal peduncle, details of pigmentation, the number of premaxillary tooth rows, and the head form from a dorsal view. Trichomycterus corduvensis is recorded from thermal waters, the second locality known to be inhabited by members of the genus. C1 [Fernandez, Luis] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Fdn Lillo, RA-4000 San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina. [Fernandez, Luis] IBIGEO Inst Bio & Geociencias Salta, RA-4400 Salta, Argentina. [Vari, Richard P.] Smithsonian Inst, Div Fishes, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Fernandez, L (reprint author), Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Fdn Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, RA-4000 San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina. EM luis1813@yahoo.com; varir@si.edu FU PIP (Proyecto Investigacion Plurianual, CONICET) [11420090100321]; Programa Raices [404/08 106/09]; Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod fund, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution FX Research associated with this project was supported by PIP (Proyecto Investigacion Plurianual, CONICET) project no. 11420090100321, Programa Raices no. 404/08 106/09, and the Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod fund, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. For loans and other assistance we thank M. Arraya, R. Arriendel, A. Bentley, B. Brown, P. Buckup, F. Carvajal, D. Catania, G. Chiaramonte, G. Gonzo, K. Hartel, V. Jerez, J. Lima de Figueiredo, F. Lobo, H. Lopez, J. Maclaine, L. Malabarba, M. Maldonado, V. Martinez, D. Nelson, H. Ortega, O. Oyakawa, L. Protogino, R. Reis, M. Retzer, R. Robins, M. Rogers, M. Sabaj Perez, S. Schaefer, S. Valdecantos, and M. Velasquez. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS PI MIAMI PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200 SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA SN 0045-8511 EI 1938-5110 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD DEC 18 PY 2012 IS 4 BP 631 EP 636 DI 10.1643/CI-12-035 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 063DL UT WOS:000312976300005 ER PT J AU Mitchell, A Li, R Brown, JW Schonberger, I Wen, J AF Mitchell, Anthony Li, Rong Brown, Joseph W. Schoenberger, Ines Wen, Jun TI Ancient divergence and biogeography of Raukaua (Araliaceae) and close relatives in the southern hemisphere SO AUSTRALIAN SYSTEMATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article ID LONG-DISTANCE DISPERSAL; DNA-SEQUENCE DATA; NEW-ZEALAND; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; GOODBYE GONDWANA; TERRESTRIAL FAUNA; FLOWERING PLANTS; MIXED MODELS; EVOLUTION; GENUS AB Molecular genetic analyses were used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships and estimate divergence times for Raukaua species and their close relatives. A monophyletic group identified as the 'greater Raukaua clade' was circumscribed, with eight representative species; its basal divergence was estimated at c. 70 Mya, possibly after Zealandia had separated from Gondwana. Raukaua is paraphyletic because of the placement of Motherwellia, Cephalaralia, Cheirodendron and Schefflera s.s. The phylogeny supports a more narrowly circumscribed Raukaua that includes the New Zealand but not the South American or Tasmanian representatives. Ancestors of the monophyletic South American and Tasmanian Raukaua and the mainland Australian Motherwellia and Cephalaralia diverged at c. 66 Mya and their current disjunction may be vicariant, with overland dispersal between Australia and South America, possibly via Antarctica. Vicariance is also a likely mechanism for divergence at c. 57 Mya of the monophyletic Motherwellia, Cephalaralia and Tasmanian Raukaua. The common ancestor of New Zealand Raukaua, Cheirodendron and Schefflera s.s. is inferred to have existed c. 62 Mya in New Zealand, before the marine incursions during the Oligocene, implying that New Zealand Raukaua and Schefflera s.s. survived the inundation period or speciated outside New Zealand and subsequently colonised. Ancestors of Cheirodendron split from New Zealand Raukaua c. 43 Mya and dispersed over vast expanses of the south-western Pacific to Hawaii. C1 [Mitchell, Anthony] Univ Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. [Li, Rong] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Biodivers & Biogeog, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Brown, Joseph W.] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Schoenberger, Ines] Landcare Res, Allan Herbarium CHR, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot MRC, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Mitchell, A (reprint author), Univ Otago, POB 4345, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. EM anthony.mitchell@otago.ac.nz RI Brown, Joseph/A-7713-2009 OI Brown, Joseph/0000-0002-3835-8062 FU John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; Natural Science Foundation of China [30828001]; Laboratory of Analytical Biology at the National Museum of Natural History of the Smithsonian Institution FX We are grateful to Adrian Paterson (Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand), Matt McGlone, Peter Heenan and David Glenny (Landcare Research, Canterbury, New Zealand) for reviewing the manuscript; to Dallas Mildenhall (GNS Science, New Zealand), Jennifer Bannister and Daphne E. Lee (Otago University, Dunedin, New Zealand) for information regarding New Zealand fossil flora; Anthony Wright, (Director of the Canterbury Museum, New Zealand) for photographs of Aralia tasmanii type specimen fossils; and to Christine Bezar for editing the manuscript. Phylogenetic analyses for this study were run on the Nyx cluster at the University of Michigan and the IBEST cluster at the University of Idaho. J.W.B. acknowledges assistance by J. Doiron. The study was partially supported by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Natural Science Foundation of China (30828001 to J. Wen and T. Yi), and the Laboratory of Analytical Biology at the National Museum of Natural History of the Smithsonian Institution. NR 94 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 26 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1030-1887 EI 1446-5701 J9 AUST SYST BOT JI Aust. Syst. Bot. PD DEC 14 PY 2012 VL 25 IS 6 BP 432 EP 446 DI 10.1071/SB12020 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA 053ZP UT WOS:000312314100005 ER PT J AU Wcislo, WT AF Wcislo, William T. TI Big Brains, Little Bodies SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Wcislo, WT (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. EM wcislow@si.edu NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD DEC 14 PY 2012 VL 338 IS 6113 BP 1419 EP 1419 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 053DN UT WOS:000312250800023 PM 23239715 ER PT J AU Basset, Y Cizek, L Cuenoud, P Didham, RK Guilhaumon, F Missa, O Novotny, V Odegaard, F Roslin, T Schmidl, J Tishechkin, AK Winchester, NN Roubik, DW Aberlenc, HP Bail, J Barrios, H Bridle, JR Castano-Meneses, G Corbara, B Curletti, G da Rocha, WD de Bakker, D Delabie, JHC Dejean, A Fagan, LL Floren, A Kitching, RL Medianero, E Miller, SE de Oliveira, EG Orivel, J Pollet, M Rapp, M Ribeiro, SP Roisin, Y Schmidt, JB Sorensen, L Leponce, M AF Basset, Yves Cizek, Lukas Cuenoud, Philippe Didham, Raphael K. Guilhaumon, Francois Missa, Olivier Novotny, Vojtech Odegaard, Frode Roslin, Tomas Schmidl, Juergen Tishechkin, Alexey K. Winchester, Neville N. Roubik, David W. Aberlenc, Henri-Pierre Bail, Johannes Barrios, Hector Bridle, Jon R. Castano-Meneses, Gabriela Corbara, Bruno Curletti, Gianfranco da Rocha, Wesley Duarte de Bakker, Domir Delabie, Jacques H. C. Dejean, Alain Fagan, Laura L. Floren, Andreas Kitching, Roger L. Medianero, Enrique Miller, Scott E. de Oliveira, Evandro Gama Orivel, Jerome Pollet, Marc Rapp, Mathieu Ribeiro, Servio P. Roisin, Yves Schmidt, Jesper B. Sorensen, Line Leponce, Maurice TI Arthropod Diversity in a Tropical Forest SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HOST-SPECIFICITY; SPECIES RICHNESS; RAIN-FOREST; HERBIVOROUS INSECTS; BETA-DIVERSITY; ANT FAUNA; BIODIVERSITY AB Most eukaryotic organisms are arthropods. Yet, their diversity in rich terrestrial ecosystems is still unknown. Here we produce tangible estimates of the total species richness of arthropods in a tropical rainforest. Using a comprehensive range of structured protocols, we sampled the phylogenetic breadth of arthropod taxa from the soil to the forest canopy in the San Lorenzo forest, Panama. We collected 6144 arthropod species from 0.48 hectare and extrapolated total species richness to larger areas on the basis of competing models. The whole 6000-hectare forest reserve most likely sustains 25,000 arthropod species. Notably, just 1 hectare of rainforest yields >60% of the arthropod biodiversity held in the wider landscape. Models based on plant diversity fitted the accumulated species richness of both herbivore and nonherbivore taxa exceptionally well. This lends credence to global estimates of arthropod biodiversity developed from plant models. C1 [Basset, Yves; Roubik, David W.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Basset, Yves; Cizek, Lukas; Novotny, Vojtech] Univ S Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic. [Basset, Yves] Univ Panama, Panama City, Panama. [Cizek, Lukas; Novotny, Vojtech] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic. [Cuenoud, Philippe] Museum Hist Nat Ville Geneve, CH-1208 Geneva, Switzerland. [Didham, Raphael K.] Univ Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. [Didham, Raphael K.] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. [Guilhaumon, Francois] Univ Evora, Catedra Rui Nabeiro, P-7004516 Evora, Portugal. [Missa, Olivier] Univ York, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Odegaard, Frode] Norwegian Inst Nat Res, N-7485 Trondheim, Norway. [Roslin, Tomas] Univ Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Schmidl, Juergen; Bail, Johannes] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Tishechkin, Alexey K.] Santa Barbara Museum Nat Hist, Santa Barbara, CA 93105 USA. [Winchester, Neville N.] Univ Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. [Aberlenc, Henri-Pierre] Cirad, F-34988 Montferrier Sur Lez, France. [Bridle, Jon R.] Univ Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UD, Avon, England. [Castano-Meneses, Gabriela] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City 0510, DF, Mexico. [Corbara, Bruno] Univ Clermont Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Curletti, Gianfranco] Museo Civico Storia Nat, I-10022 Carmagnola, Italy. [da Rocha, Wesley Duarte; Delabie, Jacques H. C.] Ctr Pesquisas Cacau, BR-45600000 Itabuna, Brazil. [da Rocha, Wesley Duarte; Delabie, Jacques H. C.] Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, BR-45662900 Ilheus, Brazil. [de Bakker, Domir] Inst Royal Sci Nat Belgique, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. [Dejean, Alain] Univ Toulouse 3, F-31062 Toulouse, France. [Floren, Andreas] Univ Wurzburg, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany. [Kitching, Roger L.] Griffith Univ, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. [Miller, Scott E.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [de Oliveira, Evandro Gama] Ctr Univ UNA, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Orivel, Jerome] CNRS, F-97379 Kourou, France. [Pollet, Marc] Res Inst Nat & Forest, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium. [Rapp, Mathieu] Museum Hist Nat, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland. [Ribeiro, Servio P.] Univ Fed Ouro Preto, BR-35400000 Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil. [Roisin, Yves] Univ Libre Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Schmidt, Jesper B.; Sorensen, Line] Nat Hist Museum Denmark, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Basset, Y (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. EM bassety@si.edu RI Cizek, Lukas/K-7111-2015; Roslin, Tomas/E-8648-2016; Guilhaumon, Francois/C-3240-2009; Delabie, Jacques/F-3405-2010; Ribeiro, Servio/G-1887-2012; Didham, Raphael/B-5953-2011; Basset, Yves/B-6642-2014; Missa, Olivier/G-2687-2012; Cizek, Lukas/G-7905-2014; Novotny, Vojtech/G-9434-2014 OI Guilhaumon, Francois/0000-0003-4707-8932; Miller, Scott/0000-0002-4138-1378; CORBARA, Bruno/0000-0003-4232-8234; Roslin, Tomas/0000-0002-2957-4791; Dejean, Alain/0000-0002-3561-2248; Orivel, Jerome/0000-0002-5636-3228; Delabie, Jacques/0000-0002-2695-1061; Missa, Olivier/0000-0002-4330-5192; Novotny, Vojtech/0000-0001-7918-8023 FU STRI; United Nations Environment Programme; Smithsonian Institution (Walcott Fund); European Science Foundation; Global Canopy Programme; SolVin-Solvay SA FX IBISCA-Panama is an initiative of Pro-Natura International, Ocean Vert, the universities Blaise Pascal and of Panama, and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), with core funding from SolVin-Solvay SA, STRI, the United Nations Environment Programme, the Smithsonian Institution (Walcott Fund), the European Science Foundation, and the Global Canopy Programme. J. Herrera, E. Andrade, M. Samaniego, S. J. Wright, N. Baiben, S. Bechet, J. Belleguic, T. Aubert, K. Jordan, G. Ebersolt, D. Cleyet-Marrel, L. Pyot, O. Pascal, P. Basset, and E. Bauhaus helped with logistics in the field. A. Barba, R. Cabrera, A. Cornejo, I. Diaz, A. F. R. do Carmo, I. C. do Nascimento, E. A. dos Santos, M. Gonzalez, A. Hernandez, M. Manumbor, M. Mogia, S. Pinzon, B. Perez, L. S. Ramos-Lacau, and O. Valdez helped with initial sorting of the arthropod and plant material. Data (as of 10 May 2012) have been deposited in the Dryad repository: http://dx.doi.org/10.5061/dryad.f3p75. NR 24 TC 108 Z9 115 U1 27 U2 381 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD DEC 14 PY 2012 VL 338 IS 6113 BP 1481 EP 1484 DI 10.1126/science.1226727 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 053DN UT WOS:000312250800051 PM 23239740 ER PT J AU Wang, YJ Labandeira, CC Shih, C Ding, QL Wang, C Zhao, YY Ren, D AF Wang, Yongjie Labandeira, Conrad C. Shih, Chungkun Ding, Qiaoling Wang, Chen Zhao, Yunyun Ren, Dong TI Jurassic mimicry between a hangingfly and a ginkgo from China SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Cimbrophlebiidae; insect-plant association; Mecoptera; Mesozoic; Yimaiaceae ID INNER-MONGOLIA; INSECTA MECOPTERA; DINOSAURS; EOCENE; POLLINATION; MORPHOLOGY; PLANT; TREE AB A near-perfect mimetic association between a mecopteran insect species and a ginkgoalean plant species from the late Middle Jurassic of northeastern China recently has been discovered. The association stems from a case of mixed identity between a particular plant and an insect in the laboratory and the field. This confusion is explained as a case of leaf mimesis, wherein the appearance of the multilobed leaf of Yimaia capituliformis (the ginkgoalean model) was accurately replicated by the wings and abdomen of the cimbrophlebiid Juracimbrophlebia ginkgofolia (the hangingfly mimic). Our results suggest that hangingflies developed leaf mimesis either as an antipredator avoidance device or possibly as a predatory strategy to provide an antiherbivore function for its plant hosts, thus gaining mutual benefit for both the hangingfly and the ginkgo species. This documentation of mimesis is a rare occasion whereby exquisitely preserved, co-occurring fossils occupy a narrow spatiotemporal window that reveal likely reciprocal mechanisms which plants and insects provide mutual defensive support during their preangiospermous evolutionary histories. C1 [Wang, Yongjie; Labandeira, Conrad C.; Shih, Chungkun; Ding, Qiaoling; Wang, Chen; Zhao, Yunyun; Ren, Dong] Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Univ Maryland, Behav Ecol Evolut & Systemat Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Ren, D (reprint author), Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. EM rendong@mail.cnu.edu.cn FU National Basic Research Program of China 973 Program [2012CB821906]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31071964, 31172143, 31230065, 41272006]; Key Project of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education Grant [201207120]; China Geological Survey Grant [1212011120116]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [20110490449, 2012T50113]; Beijing Postdoctoral Research Foundation [2011ZZ-36] FX We thank Qiang Yang and Xiaoguang Yang for assistance in locating specimens. This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China 973 Program Grant 2012CB821906; National Natural Science Foundation of China Grants 31071964, 31172143, 31230065, and 41272006; Key Project of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education Grant 201207120; China Geological Survey Grant 1212011120116; the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project (Grants 20110490449, 2012T50113), and the Beijing Postdoctoral Research Foundation (Grant 2011ZZ-36). This is Contribution 245 from the Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems Consortium of the National Museum of Natural History. NR 44 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 38 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD DEC 11 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 50 BP 20514 EP 20519 DI 10.1073/pnas.1205517109 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 058AF UT WOS:000312605600078 PM 23184994 ER PT J AU Cardona, A Montes, C Ayala, C Bustamante, C Hoyos, N Montenegro, O Ojeda, C Nino, H Ramirez, V Valencia, V Rincon, D Vervoort, J Zapata, S AF Cardona, A. Montes, C. Ayala, C. Bustamante, C. Hoyos, N. Montenegro, O. Ojeda, C. Nino, H. Ramirez, V. Valencia, V. Rincon, D. Vervoort, J. Zapata, S. TI From arc-continent collision to continuous convergence, clues from Paleogene conglomerates along the southern Caribbean-South America plate boundary SO TECTONOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Provenance; Paleogeography; South Caribbean margin; Orogenic collapse; Arc-continent collision ID U-PB AGES; NORTHERN ANDES; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; EASTERN CORDILLERA; TERRANE ACCRETION; ISLAND-ARC; FORE-ARC; SUBDUCTION INITIATION; COLOMBIA IMPLICATIONS; ZIRCON GEOCHRONOLOGY AB A Paleogene conglomeratic-sandy succession preserves the complex record of arc-continent collision, orogen collapse and basin opening, followed by inversion related to renewed oblique convergence. This record is unique because both arc and continental margin are now severely fragmented and only partially exposed along the southern Caribbean-South American boundary in northern Colombia. We studied these clastic sequences in the San Jacinto deformed belt using an integrated provenance study that includes conglomerate clast counting, geochemistry and U-Pb and Hf isotopic analysis in magmatic clasts, together with sandstone petrography, heavy mineral analysis and detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology. The record of events extracted from these coarse clastic rocks includes the formation and approach of an allochthonous Upper Cretaceous intra-oceanic arc active from 88 Ma until 73 Ma. This arc collides against the upper Paleozoic to Triassic continental margin after 73 Ma, but before late Paleocene times. Poorly exposed remnants of serpentinized peridotites and middle pressure metamorphic detritus are related to closure of an intervening oceanic basin between the continent and the colliding arc. This orogen was emerged in late Maastrichtian-early Paleocene, and then collapsed as recorded by the thick upper Paleocene and younger succession of the San Jacinto deformed belt where the coarse clastics, subject of this study, are exposed. Orogenic collapse may have been the result of subduction zone flip, with incipient subduction of the buoyant Caribbean Plate under South America. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cardona, A.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Escuela Proc & Energia, Medellin, Colombia. [Cardona, A.; Montes, C.; Ayala, C.; Bustamante, C.; Montenegro, O.; Ojeda, C.; Zapata, S.] Corp Geol Ares, Bogota, Colombia. [Montes, C.] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. [Ayala, C.; Bustamante, C.; Hoyos, N.; Montenegro, O.; Ojeda, C.; Zapata, S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Nino, H.; Ramirez, V.] Empresa Colombiana Petr ECOPETROL, Explorac, Bogota, Colombia. [Valencia, V.; Vervoort, J.] Washington State Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Rincon, D.] Inst Colombiano Petr ICP ECOPETROL, Piedecuesta, Colombia. RP Cardona, A (reprint author), Univ Nacl Colombia, Escuela Proc & Energia, Medellin, Colombia. EM agustincardonam@gmail.com RI Bustamante, Camilo/N-6273-2015; OI Bustamante, Camilo/0000-0002-5527-598X; Rincon, Daniel/0000-0002-5684-2130; Montes, Camilo/0000-0002-3553-0787 FU Fundacion para la Promocion de la Investigacion y la Tecnologia de la Republica de Colombia [2570] FX Whole-rock geochemistry and Hf isotopic analysis were supported by the Fundacion para la Promocion de la Investigacion y la Tecnologia de la Republica de Colombia (Project 2570). This is a contribution to the IGCP-546 "Subduction zones of the Caribbean". NR 148 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-1951 J9 TECTONOPHYSICS JI Tectonophysics PD DEC 10 PY 2012 VL 580 BP 58 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.tecto.2012.08.039 PG 30 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 117ST UT WOS:000316974100004 ER PT J AU Arabaci, MO Kalemci, E Tomsick, JA Halpern, J Bodaghee, A Chaty, S Rodriguez, J Rahoui, F AF Arabaci, Mehtap Ozbey Kalemci, Emrah Tomsick, John A. Halpern, Jules Bodaghee, Arash Chaty, Sylvain Rodriguez, Jerome Rahoui, Farid TI INVESTIGATING THE OPTICAL COUNTERPART CANDIDATES OF FOUR INTEGRAL SOURCES LOCALIZED WITH CHANDRA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars: activity; stars: flare; stars: individual (IGR J04069+5042, IGR J06552-1146, IGR J21188+4901, IGR J22014+6034); stars: late-type; X-rays: stars ID X-RAY SOURCES; FOLLOW-UP OBSERVATIONS; SYMBIOTIC STARS; GALACTIC PLANE; STANDARD STARS; UNKNOWN NATURE; SPECTRA; IDENTIFICATIONS; CATALOG; LIBRARY AB We report on the optical spectroscopic follow-up observations of the candidate counterparts to four INTEGRAL sources: IGR J04069+5042, IGR J06552-1146, IGR J21188+4901, and IGR J22014+6034. The candidate counterparts were determined with Chandra, and the optical observations were performed with 1.5 m RTT-150 telescope (TUBITAK National Observatory, Antalya, Turkey) and 2.4 m Hiltner Telescope (MDM Observatory, Kitt Peak, Arizona). Our spectroscopic results show that one of the two candidates of IGR J04069+5042 and the one observed for IGR J06552-1146 could be active late-type stars in RS CVn systems. However, according to the likelihood analysis based on Chandra and INTEGRAL, two optically weaker sources in the INTEGRAL error circle of IGR J06552-1146 have higher probabilities to be the actual counterpart. The candidate counterparts of IGR J21188+4901 are classified as an active M-type star and a late-type star. Among the optical spectra of four candidates of IGR J22014+6034, two show H alpha emission lines, one is a late-type star, and the other is an M type. The likelihood analysis favors a candidate with no distinguishing features in the optical spectrum. Two of the candidates classified as M-type dwarfs, are similar to some IGR candidates claimed to be symbiotic stars. However, some of the prominent features of symbiotic systems are missing in our spectra, and their NIR colors are not consistent with those expected for giants. We consider the IR colors of all IGR candidates claimed to be symbiotic systems and find that low-resolution optical spectrum may not be enough for conclusive identification. C1 [Arabaci, Mehtap Ozbey] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Kalemci, Emrah] Sabanci Univ, Fac Engn & Nat Sci, TR-34596 Istanbul, Turkey. [Tomsick, John A.; Bodaghee, Arash] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Halpern, Jules] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Chaty, Sylvain; Rodriguez, Jerome] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, Serv Astrophys, AIM,CEA,DSM,UMR E 9005,Irfu,Ctr Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Chaty, Sylvain] Inst Univ France, F-75005 Paris, France. [Rahoui, Farid] Harvard Univ, Dept Astron, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Rahoui, Farid] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Arabaci, MO (reprint author), Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. EM mehtap@astroa.physics.metu.edu.tr OI Rodriguez, Jerome/0000-0002-4151-4468; Chaty, Sylvain/0000-0002-5769-8601 FU TUBITAK; The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [109T736]; NASA through Chandra Award [GO1-12046X]; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory under NASA [NAS8-03060] FX M.O.A. acknowledges support from TUBITAK, The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey, through the research project 109T736. J.A.T. acknowledges partial support from NASA through Chandra Award Number GO1-12046X issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory under NASA contract NAS8-03060. We thank the Turkish National Observatory of TUBITAK for running the optical facilities. We thank Dr. Timur, Sahin for fruitful discussions. We also thank N. Masetti for his helpful comments on the source IRXS J174607.8-213333. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 1 AR 4 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/1/4 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 046ER UT WOS:000311748800004 ER PT J AU Bamba, A Puehlhofer, G Acero, F Klochkov, D Tian, WW Yamazaki, R Li, ZY Horns, D Kosack, K Komin, N AF Bamba, Aya Puehlhofer, Gerd Acero, Fabio Klochkov, Dmitry Tian, Wenwu Yamazaki, Ryo Li, Zhiyuan Horns, Dieter Kosack, Karl Komin, Nukri TI SUZAKU OBSERVATIONS OF THE NON-THERMAL SUPERNOVA REMNANT HESS J1731-347 (vol 756, pg 149, 2012) SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Correction C1 [Bamba, Aya; Yamazaki, Ryo] Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525258, Japan. [Puehlhofer, Gerd; Klochkov, Dmitry] Univ Tubingen, Inst Astron & Astrophys, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Acero, Fabio] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Univ & Particules Montpellier, CC 72, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. [Tian, Wenwu] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Tian, Wenwu] Univ Calgary, Dept Phys & Astron, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Li, Zhiyuan] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Horns, Dieter] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Kosack, Karl] CEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Komin, Nukri] Univ Savoie, Lab Annecy le Vieux Phys Particules, CNRS IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. RP Bamba, A (reprint author), Aoyama Gakuin Univ, Dept Math & Phys, Chuo Ku, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525258, Japan. RI XRAY, SUZAKU/A-1808-2009 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 1 AR 80 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/1/80 PG 1 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 046ER UT WOS:000311748800080 ER PT J AU Barclay, T Huber, D Rowe, JF Fortney, JJ Morley, CV Quintana, EV Fabrycky, DC Barentsen, G Bloemen, S Christiansen, JL Demory, BO Fulton, BJ Jenkins, J Mullally, F Ragozzine, D Seader, SE Shporer, A Tenenbaum, P Thompson, SE AF Barclay, Thomas Huber, Daniel Rowe, Jason F. Fortney, Jonathan J. Morley, Caroline V. Quintana, Elisa V. Fabrycky, Daniel C. Barentsen, Geert Bloemen, Steven Christiansen, Jessie L. Demory, Brice-Olivier Fulton, Benjamin J. Jenkins, Jonm. Mullally, Fergal Ragozzine, Darin Seader, Shaun E. Shporer, Avi Tenenbaum, Peter Thompson, Susan E. TI PHOTOMETRICALLY DERIVED MASSES AND RADII OF THE PLANET AND STAR IN THE TrES-2 SYSTEM SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: individual (TrES-2b); stars: individual (TrES-2A); techniques: photometric ID TRANSIT TIMING OBSERVATIONS; SOLAR-LIKE OSCILLATIONS; HOT JUPITER ATMOSPHERES; SPACE-BASED PHOTOMETRY; LIGHT CURVES; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; KEPLER-MISSION; RED GIANTS; ELLIPSOIDAL VARIATIONS; HD 209458B AB We measure the mass and radius of the star and planet in the TrES-2 system using 2.7 years of observations by the Kepler spacecraft. The light curve shows evidence for ellipsoidal variations and Doppler beaming on a period consistent with the orbital period of the planet with amplitudes of 2.79(-0.62)(+0.44) and 3.44(-0.37)(+0.32) parts per million (ppm), respectively, and a difference between the dayside and the nightside planetary flux of 3.41(-0.82)(+0.55) ppm. We present an asteroseismic analysis of solar-like oscillations on TrES-2A which we use to calculate the stellar mass of 0.94 +/- 0.05 M-circle dot and radius of 0.95 +/- 0.02 R-circle dot. Using these stellar parameters, a transit model fit and the phase-curve variations, we determine the planetary radius of 1.162(-0.024)(+0.020) R-Jup and derive a mass for TrES-2b from the photometry of 1.44 +/- 0.21 M-Jup. The ratio of the ellipsoidal variation to the Doppler beaming amplitudes agrees to better than 2 sigma with theoretical predications, while our measured planet mass and radius agree within 2s of previously published values based on spectroscopic radial velocity measurements. We measure a geometric albedo of 0.0136(-0.0033)(+0.0022) and an occultation (secondary eclipse) depth of 6.5(-1.8)(+1.7) ppm which we combined with the day/night planetary flux ratio to model the atmosphere of TrES-2b. We find that an atmosphere model that contains a temperature inversion is strongly preferred. We hypothesize that the Kepler bandpass probes a significantly greater atmospheric depth on the night side relative to the day side. C1 [Barclay, Thomas; Huber, Daniel; Rowe, Jason F.; Quintana, Elisa V.; Christiansen, Jessie L.; Jenkins, Jonm.; Mullally, Fergal; Seader, Shaun E.; Tenenbaum, Peter; Thompson, Susan E.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Barclay, Thomas] Bay Area Environm Res Inst Inc, Sonoma, CA 95476 USA. [Rowe, Jason F.; Quintana, Elisa V.; Christiansen, Jessie L.; Jenkins, Jonm.; Mullally, Fergal; Seader, Shaun E.; Tenenbaum, Peter; Thompson, Susan E.] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Fortney, Jonathan J.; Morley, Caroline V.; Fabrycky, Daniel C.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Barentsen, Geert] Armagh Observ, Armagh BT61 9DG, North Ireland. [Bloemen, Steven] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Sterrenkunde, B-3001 Louvain, Belgium. [Demory, Brice-Olivier] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Fulton, Benjamin J.; Shporer, Avi] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA. [Ragozzine, Darin] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Shporer, Avi] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Barclay, T (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, M-S 244-30, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RI Ragozzine, Darin/C-4926-2013; OI Fortney, Jonathan/0000-0002-9843-4354; Demory, Brice-Olivier/0000-0002-9355-5165; Fabrycky, Daniel/0000-0003-3750-0183 FU NASA Science Mission directorate; NASA [NAS5-26555]; NASA Office of Space Science [NNX09AF08G]; European Research Council under the European Community [227224]; Research Council of KU Leuven [GOA/2008/04]; appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at Ames Research Center FX This paper includes data collected by the Kepler mission. Funding for the Kepler mission is provided by the NASA Science Mission directorate. All Kepler data presented in this paper were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) at the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for MAST for non-HST data is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science via grant NNX09AF08G and by other grants and contracts. S. B. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement No. 227224 (PROSPERITY), as well as from the Research Council of KU Leuven grant agreement GOA/2008/04. We thank Simchon Faigler and the Kepler Science Team for providing insightful comments during the preparation of this manuscript. D. H. is supported by appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at Ames Research Center, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. NR 124 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 1 AR 53 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/1/53 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 046ER UT WOS:000311748800053 ER PT J AU Cheng, X Zhang, J Saar, SH Ding, MD AF Cheng, X. Zhang, J. Saar, S. H. Ding, M. D. TI DIFFERENTIAL EMISSION MEASURE ANALYSIS OF MULTIPLE STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS IN THE INNER CORONA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs) ID X-RAY TELESCOPE; UNSTABLE FLUX ROPES; ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTRA; SOHO OBSERVATIONS; ELECTRON-DENSITY; ATOMIC DATABASE; SOLAR FILAMENT; ACTIVE-REGION; FLARE; TEMPERATURE AB In this paper, we study the temperature and density properties of multiple structural components of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) using differential emission measure (DEM) analysis. The DEM analysis is based on the six-passband EUV observations of solar corona from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamic Observatory. The structural components studied include the hot channel in the core region (presumably the magnetic flux rope of the CME), the bright loop-like leading front (LF), and coronal dimming in the wake of the CME. We find that the presumed flux rope has the highest average temperature (>8 MK) and density (similar to 1.0 x 10(9) cm(-3)), resulting in an enhanced emission measure over a broad temperature range (3 <= T(MK) <= 20). On the other hand, the CME LF has a relatively cool temperature (similar to 2 MK) and a narrow temperature distribution similar to the pre-eruption coronal temperature (1 <= T(MK) <= 3). The density in the LF, however, is increased by 2%-32% compared with that of the pre-eruption corona, depending on the event and location. In coronal dimmings, the temperature is more broadly distributed (1 <= T(MK) <= 4), but the density decreases by similar to 35%-similar to 40%. These observational results show that: (1) CME core regions are significantly heated, presumably through magnetic reconnection; (2) CME LFs are a consequence of compression of ambient plasma caused by the expansion of the CME core region; and (3) the dimmings are largely caused by the plasma rarefaction associated with the eruption. C1 [Cheng, X.; Ding, M. D.] Nanjing Univ, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Cheng, X.; Zhang, J.] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cheng, X.; Ding, M. D.] Nanjing Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Modern Astron & Astrophys, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Saar, S. H.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Cheng, X (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM xincheng@nju.edu.cn; jzhang7@gmu.edu RI Cheng, Xin/G-6762-2011; Ding, Mingde/C-7787-2009 OI Cheng, Xin/0000-0003-2837-7136; FU NSFC [10878002, 10933003]; NKBRSF [2011CB811402]; China Scholarship Council (CSC) [2010619071]; NSF [ATM-0748003, AGS-1156120]; NASA [NNG05GG19G]; Lockheed-Martin [SP02H1701R] FX The authors are grateful to the anonymous referee for his/her comments and persistence, which improved the manuscript significantly. The authors also thank Mark A. Weber for many valuable comments. SDO is a mission of NASA's Living With a Star Program. X. C. and M. D. D. are supported by NSFC under Grants 10878002 and 10933003 and NKBRSF under Grant 2011CB811402. X. C. is also supported by the scholarship granted by the China Scholarship Council (CSC) under file No. 2010619071. J.Z. is supported by NSF grant ATM-0748003, AGS-1156120 and NASA grant NNG05GG19G. S. S. is supported by contract SP02H1701R from Lockheed-Martin to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for AIA analysis. NR 73 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 13 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 1 AR 62 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/1/62 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 046ER UT WOS:000311748800062 ER PT J AU Lin, DB Gu, WM Liu, T Sun, MY Lu, JF AF Lin, Da-Bin Gu, Wei-Min Liu, Tong Sun, Mou-Yuan Lu, Ju-Fu TI UNDERSTANDING SIMULATIONS OF THIN ACCRETION DISKS BY ENERGY EQUATION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; hydrodynamics; instabilities; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) ID BLACK-HOLES; DOMINATED ACCRETION; BINARY-SYSTEMS; GALACTIC NUCLEI; GAS-PRESSURE; VARIABILITY; INSTABILITY; RADIATION; TURBULENCE; STABILITY AB We study the fluctuations of standard thin accretion disks by linear analysis of the time-dependent energy equation together with the vertical hydrostatic equilibrium and the equation of state. We show that some of the simulation results in Hirose et al., such as the time delay, the relationship of power spectra, and the correlation between magnetic energy and radiation energy, can be understood well by our analytic results. C1 [Lin, Da-Bin; Gu, Wei-Min; Liu, Tong; Sun, Mou-Yuan; Lu, Ju-Fu] Xiamen Univ, Dept Phys, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Lin, Da-Bin; Gu, Wei-Min; Liu, Tong; Sun, Mou-Yuan; Lu, Ju-Fu] Xiamen Univ, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Gu, Wei-Min] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Lin, DB (reprint author), Xiamen Univ, Dept Phys, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China. EM dabinlin@xmu.edu.cn; lujf@xmu.edu.cn RI Gu, WM/G-3984-2010 FU National Basic Research Program (973 Program) of China [2009CB824800]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [10833002, 11073015, 11103015, 11222328, 11233006] FX We thank the referee, Omer Blaes, for helpful suggestions and useful communications to improve the paper. We also thank Feng Yuan and Sheng-Ming Zheng for beneficial discussions. This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program (973 Program) of China under grant 2009CB824800, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under grants 10833002, 11073015, 11103015, 11222328, and 11233006. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 1 AR 29 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/1/29 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 046ER UT WOS:000311748800029 ER PT J AU Martinez-Galarza, JR Hunter, D Groves, B Brandl, B AF Martinez-Galarza, J. R. Hunter, D. Groves, B. Brandl, B. TI ONGOING MASSIVE STAR FORMATION IN NGC 604 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE H II regions; infrared: ISM; ISM: individual objects (NGC 604); stars: formation ID SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; H-II REGION; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBON EMISSION; FAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; GIANT HII-REGIONS; WOLF-RAYET STARS; STARBURST GALAXIES; ARRAY CAMERA AB NGC 604 is the second most massive H II region in the Local Group, thus an important laboratory for massive star formation. Using a combination of observational and analytical tools that include Spitzer spectroscopy, Herschel photometry, Chandra imaging, and Bayesian spectral energy distribution fitting, we investigate the physical conditions in NGC 604 and quantify the amount of massive star formation currently taking place. We derive an average age of 4 +/- 1 Myr and a total stellar mass of 1.6(-1.0)(+1.6) x 10(5) M-circle dot for the entire region, in agreement with previous optical studies. Across the region, we find an effect of the X-ray field on both the abundance of aromatic molecules and the [Si II] emission. Within NGC 604, we identify several individual bright infrared sources with diameters of about 15 pc and luminosity-weighted masses between 10(3) M-circle dot and 10(4) M-circle dot. Their spectral properties indicate that some of these sources are embedded clusters in process of formation, which together account for similar to 8% of the total stellar mass in the NGC 604 system. The variations of the radiation field strength across NGC 604 are consistent with a sequential star formation scenario, with at least two bursts in the last few million years. Our results indicate that massive star formation in NGC 604 is still ongoing, likely triggered by the earlier bursts. C1 [Martinez-Galarza, J. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Martinez-Galarza, J. R.; Groves, B.; Brandl, B.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 CA Leiden, Netherlands. [Hunter, D.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Groves, B.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Martinez-Galarza, JR (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 55 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 1 AR 3 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/1/3 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 046ER UT WOS:000311748800003 ER PT J AU Newman, SF Genzel, R Forster-Schreiber, NM Griffin, KS Mancini, C Lilly, SJ Renzini, A Bouche, N Burkert, A Buschkamp, P Carollo, CM Cresci, G Davies, R Eisenhauer, F Genel, S Hicks, EKS Kurk, J Lutz, D Naab, T Peng, YJ Sternberg, A Tacconi, LJ Vergani, D Wuyts, S Zamorani, G AF Newman, Sarah F. Genzel, Reinhard Foerster-Schreiber, Natascha M. Griffin, Kristen Shapiro Mancini, Chiara Lilly, Simon J. Renzini, Alvio Bouche, Nicolas Burkert, Andreas Buschkamp, Peter Carollo, C. Marcella Cresci, Giovanni Davies, Ric Eisenhauer, Frank Genel, Shy Hicks, Erin K. S. Kurk, Jaron Lutz, Dieter Naab, Thorsten Peng, Yingjie Sternberg, Amiel Tacconi, Linda J. Vergani, Daniela Wuyts, Stijn Zamorani, Gianni TI THE SINS/zC-SINF SURVEY of z similar to 2 GALAXY KINEMATICS: OUTFLOW PROPERTIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: high-redshift; infrared: galaxies ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; LYMAN-BREAK GALAXIES; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; GALACTIC WINDS; ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTRA; RADIATION PRESSURE; GAS FRACTIONS; MASS; ZCOSMOS; STELLAR AB Using SINFONI H alpha, [N II], and [S II] AO data of 27 z similar to 2 star-forming galaxies (SFGs) from the SINS and zC-SINF surveys, we explore the dependence of outflow strength (via the broad flux fraction) on various galaxy parameters. For galaxies that have evidence for strong outflows, we find that the broad emission is spatially extended to at least the half-light radius (similar to a few kpc). Decomposition of the [S II] doublet into broad and narrow components suggests that this outflowing gas probably has a density of similar to 10-100 cm(-3), less than that of the star-forming gas (600 cm-3). There is a strong correlation of the Ha broad flux fraction with the star formation surface density of the galaxy, with an apparent threshold for strong outflows occurring at 1 M-circle dot yr(-1) kpc(-2). Above this threshold, we find that SFGs with log m(*) > 10 have similar or perhaps greater wind mass-loading factors (eta = (M) over dot(out)/SFR) and faster outflow velocities than lower mass SFGs, suggesting that the majority of outflowing gas at z similar to 2 may derive from high-mass SFGs. The mass-loading factor is also correlated with the star formation rate (SFR), galaxy size, and inclination, such that smaller, more star-forming, and face-on galaxies launch more powerful outflows. We propose that the observed threshold for strong outflows and the observed mass loading of these winds can be explained by a simple model wherein break-out of winds is governed by pressure balance in the disk. C1 [Newman, Sarah F.; Genzel, Reinhard] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Genzel, Reinhard; Foerster-Schreiber, Natascha M.; Buschkamp, Peter; Davies, Ric; Eisenhauer, Frank; Kurk, Jaron; Lutz, Dieter; Tacconi, Linda J.; Wuyts, Stijn] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Genzel, Reinhard] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Griffin, Kristen Shapiro] Northrop Grumman Aerosp Syst, Space Sci Res Grp, Redondo Beach, CA 90278 USA. [Mancini, Chiara; Renzini, Alvio] Osserv Astron Padova, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Lilly, Simon J.; Carollo, C. Marcella; Peng, Yingjie] ETH, Inst Astron, Dept Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Bouche, Nicolas] CNRS, IRAP, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Burkert, Andreas] Univ Sternwarte, Dept Phys, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Burkert, Andreas] Ludwig Maximilians Univ USM, Dept Phys, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Cresci, Giovanni] Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Bouche, Nicolas] Univ Toulouse, IRAP, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Bouche, Nicolas] UPS OMP, IRAP, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Genel, Shy] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hicks, Erin K. S.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Naab, Thorsten] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Sternberg, Amiel] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Vergani, Daniela; Zamorani, Gianni] INAF Osservatorio Astron Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. RP Newman, SF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Campbell Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sfnewman@berkeley.edu OI Vergani, Daniela/0000-0003-0898-2216; Genel, Shy/0000-0002-3185-1540; Cresci, Giovanni/0000-0002-5281-1417; Zamorani, Giovanni/0000-0002-2318-301X FU NSF; ASI; INAF FX We thank the anonymous referee for a very thoughtful and useful review. We are grateful to Jerry Ostriker for a very valuable discussion on the wind breakout. SFN is supported by an NSF grfp grant. C. M., A. R., G.Z., and D. V. acknowledge partial support by the ASI grant "COFIS-Analisi Dati" and by the INAF grants "PRIN-2008" and "PRIN-2010." NR 60 TC 88 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 1 AR 43 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/1/43 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 046ER UT WOS:000311748800043 ER PT J AU Seo, HJ Ho, S White, M Cuesta, AJ Ross, AJ Saito, S Reid, B Padmanabhan, N Percival, WJ de Putter, R Schlegel, DJ Eisenstein, DJ Xu, XY Schneider, DP Skibba, R Verde, L Nichol, RC Bizyaev, D Brewington, H Brinkmann, J da Costa, LAN Gott, JR Malanushenko, E Malanushenko, V Oravetz, D Palanque-Delabrouille, N Pan, KK Prada, F Ross, NP Simmons, A de Simoni, F Shelden, A Snedden, S Zehavi, I AF Seo, Hee-Jong Ho, Shirley White, Martin Cuesta, Antonio J. Ross, Ashley J. Saito, Shun Reid, Beth Padmanabhan, Nikhil Percival, Will J. de Putter, Roland Schlegel, David J. Eisenstein, Daniel J. Xu, Xiaoying Schneider, Donald P. Skibba, Ramin Verde, Licia Nichol, Robert C. Bizyaev, Dmitry Brewington, Howard Brinkmann, J. Nicolaci da Costa, Luiz Alberto Gott, J. Richard, III Malanushenko, Elena Malanushenko, Viktor Oravetz, Dan Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie Pan, Kaike Prada, Francisco Ross, Nicholas P. Simmons, Audrey de Simoni, Fernando Shelden, Alaina Snedden, Stephanie Zehavi, Idit TI ACOUSTIC SCALE FROM THE ANGULAR POWER SPECTRA OF SDSS-III DR8 PHOTOMETRIC LUMINOUS GALAXIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE distance scale; cosmological parameters; cosmology: observations; large-scale structure of universe ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES; SYNOPTIC SURVEY TELESCOPE; FUTURE REDSHIFT SURVEYS; PROBING DARK ENERGY; RED GALAXIES; BARYON OSCILLATIONS; DATA RELEASE; COSMOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS; PERTURBATION-THEORY AB We measure the acoustic scale from the angular power spectra of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS-III) Data Release 8 imaging catalog that includes 872, 921 galaxies over similar to 10,000 deg(2) between 0.45 < z < 0.65. The extensive spectroscopic training set of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey luminous galaxies allows precise estimates of the true redshift distributions of galaxies in our imaging catalog. Utilizing the redshift distribution information, we build templates and fit to the power spectra of the data, which are measured in our companion paper, to derive the location of Baryon acoustic oscillations (BAOs) while marginalizing over many free parameters to exclude nearly all of the non-BAO signal. We derive the ratio of the angular diameter distance to the sound horizon scale D-A(z)/r(s) = 9.212(-0.404)(+0.416) at z = 0.54, and therefore D-A(z) = 1411 +/- 65 Mpc at z = 0.54; the result is fairly independent of assumptions on the underlying cosmology. Our measurement of angular diameter distance D-A(z) is 1.4 sigma higher than what is expected for the concordance Lambda CDM, in accordance to the trend of other spectroscopic BAO measurements for z greater than or similar to 0.35. We report constraints on cosmological parameters from our measurement in combination with the WMAP7 data and the previous spectroscopic BAO measurements of SDSS and WiggleZ. We refer to our companion papers (Ho et al.; de Putter et al.) for investigations on information of the full power spectrum. C1 [Seo, Hee-Jong] Univ Calif Berkeley, LBL, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Seo, Hee-Jong; White, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ho, Shirley; White, Martin; Reid, Beth; Schlegel, David J.; Ross, Nicholas P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ho, Shirley] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [White, Martin; Saito, Shun] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cuesta, Antonio J.; Padmanabhan, Nikhil] Yale Univ, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Ross, Ashley J.; Percival, Will J.; Nichol, Robert C.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [de Putter, Roland] Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain. [Eisenstein, Daniel J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Xu, Xiaoying; Skibba, Ramin] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Verde, Licia] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Verde, Licia] Univ Barcelona, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Bizyaev, Dmitry; Brewington, Howard; Brinkmann, J.; Malanushenko, Elena; Malanushenko, Viktor; Oravetz, Dan; Pan, Kaike; Simmons, Audrey; Shelden, Alaina; Snedden, Stephanie] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. [Nicolaci da Costa, Luiz Alberto; de Simoni, Fernando] LIneA, Lab Interinst E Astron, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Nicolaci da Costa, Luiz Alberto; de Simoni, Fernando] Observ Nacl, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Gott, J. Richard, III] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie] CEA, Ctr Saclay, IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Prada, Francisco] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18008 Granada, Spain. [de Simoni, Fernando] Univ Fed Fluminense, PURO, Dept Fis & Matemat, BR-28890000 Rio Das Ostras, RJ, Brazil. [Zehavi, Idit] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Astron, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Seo, HJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, LBL, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RI Ho, Shirley/P-3682-2014; da Costa, Luiz Alberto/I-1326-2013; White, Martin/I-3880-2015; OI Ho, Shirley/0000-0002-1068-160X; da Costa, Luiz Alberto/0000-0002-7731-277X; White, Martin/0000-0001-9912-5070; Cuesta Vazquez, Antonio Jose/0000-0002-4153-9470; Verde, Licia/0000-0003-2601-8770 FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of High Energy Physics [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; University of Cambridge; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University FX This work is partly supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of High Energy Physics (DE-AC02-05CH11231).; Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III Web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.; SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Cambridge, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. NR 98 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 1 AR 13 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/1/13 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 046ER UT WOS:000311748800013 ER PT J AU Song, J Zenteno, A Stalder, B Desai, S Bleem, LE Aird, KA Armstrong, R Ashby, MLN Bayliss, M Bazin, G Benson, BA Bertin, E Brodwin, M Carlstrom, JE Chang, CL Cho, HM Clocchiatti, A Crawford, TM Crites, AT de Haan, T Dobbs, MA Dudley, JP Foley, RJ George, EM Gettings, D Gladders, MD Gonzalez, AH Halverson, NW Harrington, NL High, FW Holder, GP Holzapfel, WL Hoover, S Hrubes, JD Joy, M Keisler, R Knox, L Lee, AT Leitch, EM Liu, J Lueker, M Luong-Van, D Marrone, DP McDonald, M McMahon, JJ Mehl, J Meyer, SS Mocanu, L Mohr, JJ Montroy, TE Natoli, T Nurgaliev, D Padin, S Plagge, T Pryke, C Reichardt, CL Rest, A Ruel, J Ruhl, JE Saliwanchik, BR Saro, A Sayre, JT Schaffer, KK Shaw, L Shirokoff, E Suhada, R Spieler, HG Stanford, SA Staniszewski, Z Stark, AA Story, K Stubbs, CW van Engelen, A Vanderlinde, K Vieira, JD Williamson, R Zahn, O AF Song, J. Zenteno, A. Stalder, B. Desai, S. Bleem, L. E. Aird, K. A. Armstrong, R. Ashby, M. L. N. Bayliss, M. Bazin, G. Benson, B. A. Bertin, E. Brodwin, M. Carlstrom, J. E. Chang, C. L. Cho, H. M. Clocchiatti, A. Crawford, T. M. Crites, A. T. de Haan, T. Dobbs, M. A. Dudley, J. P. Foley, R. J. George, E. M. Gettings, D. Gladders, M. D. Gonzalez, A. H. Halverson, N. W. Harrington, N. L. High, F. W. Holder, G. P. Holzapfel, W. L. Hoover, S. Hrubes, J. D. Joy, M. Keisler, R. Knox, L. Lee, A. T. Leitch, E. M. Liu, J. Lueker, M. Luong-Van, D. Marrone, D. P. McDonald, M. McMahon, J. J. Mehl, J. Meyer, S. S. Mocanu, L. Mohr, J. J. Montroy, T. E. Natoli, T. Nurgaliev, D. Padin, S. Plagge, T. Pryke, C. Reichardt, C. L. Rest, A. Ruel, J. Ruhl, J. E. Saliwanchik, B. R. Saro, A. Sayre, J. T. Schaffer, K. K. Shaw, L. Shirokoff, E. Suhada, R. Spieler, H. G. Stanford, S. A. Staniszewski, Z. Stark, A. A. Story, K. Stubbs, C. W. van Engelen, A. Vanderlinde, K. Vieira, J. D. Williamson, R. Zahn, O. TI REDSHIFTS, SAMPLE PURITY, AND BCG POSITIONS FOR THE GALAXY CLUSTER CATALOG FROM THE FIRST 720 SQUARE DEGREES OF THE SOUTH POLE TELESCOPE SURVEY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: distances and redshifts ID WIDE-FIELD SURVEY; COLOR-MAGNITUDE RELATION; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; BLANCO COSMOLOGY SURVEY; GREATER-THAN 1; X-RAY; BRIGHTEST CLUSTER; RED-SEQUENCE; DARK ENERGY; PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS AB We present the results of the ground-and space-based optical and near-infrared (NIR) follow-up of 224 galaxy cluster candidates detected with the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect in the 720 deg(2) of the South Pole Telescope (SPT) survey completed in the 2008 and 2009 observing seasons. We use the optical/NIR data to establish whether each candidate is associated with an overdensity of galaxies and to estimate the cluster redshift. Most photometric redshifts are derived through a combination of three different cluster redshift estimators using red-sequence galaxies, resulting in an accuracy of Delta z/(1 + z) = 0.017, determined through comparison with a subsample of 57 clusters for which we have spectroscopic redshifts. We successfully measure redshifts for 158 systems and present redshift lower limits for the remaining candidates. The redshift distribution of the confirmed clusters extends to z = 1.35 with a median of z(med) = 0.57. Approximately 18% of the sample with measured redshifts lies at z > 0.8. We estimate a lower limit to the purity of this SPT SZ-selected sample by assuming that all unconfirmed clusters are noise fluctuations in the SPT data. We show that the cumulative purity at detection significance xi > 5(xi > 4.5) is >= 95% (>= 70%). We present the red brightest cluster galaxy (rBCG) positions for the sample and examine the offsets between the SPT candidate position and the rBCG. The radial distribution of offsets is similar to that seen in X-ray-selected cluster samples, providing no evidence that SZ-selected cluster samples include a different fraction of recent mergers from X-ray-selected cluster samples. C1 [Song, J.; McMahon, J. J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Zenteno, A.; Desai, S.; Bazin, G.; Liu, J.; Mohr, J. J.; Saro, A.; Suhada, R.] Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Zenteno, A.; Desai, S.; Bazin, G.; Liu, J.; Mohr, J. J.] Excellence Cluster Universe, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Stalder, B.; Ashby, M. L. N.; Bayliss, M.; Foley, R. J.; Stark, A. A.; Stubbs, C. W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bleem, L. E.; Benson, B. A.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Crawford, T. M.; Crites, A. T.; Gladders, M. D.; High, F. W.; Hoover, S.; Keisler, R.; Leitch, E. M.; Mehl, J.; Meyer, S. S.; Mocanu, L.; Natoli, T.; Padin, S.; Plagge, T.; Schaffer, K. K.; Story, K.; Vieira, J. D.; Williamson, R.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bleem, L. E.; Aird, K. A.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Hrubes, J. D.; Keisler, R.; Luong-Van, D.; Meyer, S. S.; Natoli, T.; Story, K.; Vieira, J. D.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Armstrong, R.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Bayliss, M.; Nurgaliev, D.; Ruel, J.; Stubbs, C. W.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Benson, B. A.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Hoover, S.; Meyer, S. S.; Schaffer, K. K.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bertin, E.] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Brodwin, M.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.; Crawford, T. M.; Crites, A. T.; Gladders, M. D.; High, F. W.; Leitch, E. M.; Mehl, J.; Meyer, S. S.; Mocanu, L.; Padin, S.; Plagge, T.; Williamson, R.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Cho, H. M.] NIST, Quantum Devices Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Clocchiatti, A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron & Astrosif, Santiago, Chile. [de Haan, T.; Dobbs, M. A.; Dudley, J. P.; Holder, G. P.; Shaw, L.; van Engelen, A.; Vanderlinde, K.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [George, E. M.; Harrington, N. L.; Holzapfel, W. L.; Lee, A. T.; Lueker, M.; Reichardt, C. L.; Shirokoff, E.; Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Gettings, D.; Gonzalez, A. H.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Joy, M.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Dept Space Sci, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Knox, L.; Stanford, S. A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lee, A. T.; Spieler, H. G.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lueker, M.; Padin, S.; Shirokoff, E.; Vieira, J. D.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Marrone, D. P.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [McDonald, M.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Mohr, J. J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Montroy, T. E.; Ruhl, J. E.; Saliwanchik, B. R.; Sayre, J. T.; Staniszewski, Z.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Educ & Res Cosmol & Astrophys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Pryke, C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Rest, A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Schaffer, K. K.] Sch Art Inst Chicago, Liberal Arts Dept, Chicago, IL 60603 USA. [Shaw, L.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Stanford, S. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Zahn, O.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zahn, O.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Labs, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Song, J (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, 450 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RI Williamson, Ross/H-1734-2015; Holzapfel, William/I-4836-2015; Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012; OI Williamson, Ross/0000-0002-6945-2975; Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724; Marrone, Daniel/0000-0002-2367-1080; Aird, Kenneth/0000-0003-1441-9518; Reichardt, Christian/0000-0003-2226-9169; Stark, Antony/0000-0002-2718-9996 FU National Science Foundation [ANT-0638937]; NSF Physics Frontier Center [PHY-0114422]; Kavli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Excellence Cluster Universe; DFG [TR33 The Dark Universe]; NSF [AST-1009012, AST-1009649, MRI-0723073]; National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Research Chairs program; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research; NASA; U.S. Government [NAGW-2166] FX The South Pole Telescope program is supported by the National Science Foundation through grant ANT-0638937. Partial support is also provided by the NSF Physics Frontier Center grant PHY-0114422 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Kavli Foundation, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. The Munich group acknowledges support from the Excellence Cluster Universe and the DFG research program TR33 The Dark Universe. Galaxy cluster research at Harvard is supported by NSF grant AST-1009012, and research at SAO is supported in part by NSF grants AST-1009649 and MRI-0723073. The McGill group acknowledges funding from the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Canada Research Chairs program, and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research.; Optical imaging data from the Blanco 4 m at Cerro Tololo Interamerican Observatories (programs 2005B-0043, 2009B-0400, 2010A-0441, 2010B-0598) and spectroscopic observations from VLT programs 086. A-0741 and 286. A-5021 and Gemini program GS-2009B-Q-16 were included in this work. Additional data were obtained with the 6.5 m Magellan Telescopes and the Swope telescope, which are located at the Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope (PIDs 60099, 70053), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. Support for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech. The Digitized Sky Surveys were produced at the Space Telescope Science Institute under U.S. Government grant NAGW-2166. The images of these surveys are based on photographic data obtained using the Oschin Schmidt Telescope on Palomar Mountain and the UK Schmidt Telescope. The plates were processed into the present compressed digital form with the permission of these institutions. NR 99 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2012 VL 761 IS 1 AR 22 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/761/1/22 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 046ER UT WOS:000311748800022 ER PT J AU Fernando, P Leimgruber, P Prasad, T Pastorini, J AF Fernando, Prithiviraj Leimgruber, Peter Prasad, Tharaka Pastorini, Jennifer TI Problem-Elephant Translocation: Translocating the Problem and the Elephant? SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PROTECTED AREA; ASIAN ELEPHANT; AFRICAN ELEPHANTS; BLACK BEARS; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; MOVEMENTS; CONFLICTS; BEHAVIOR; TOOL AB Human-elephant conflict (HEC) threatens the survival of endangered Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). Translocating "problem-elephants" is an important HEC mitigation and elephant conservation strategy across elephant range, with hundreds translocated annually. In the first comprehensive assessment of elephant translocation, we monitored 16 translocations in Sri Lanka with GPS collars. All translocated elephants were released into national parks. Two were killed within the parks where they were released, while all the others left those parks. Translocated elephants showed variable responses: "homers" returned to the capture site, "wanderers" ranged widely, and "settlers" established home ranges in new areas soon after release. Translocation caused wider propagation and intensification of HEC, and increased elephant mortality. We conclude that translocation defeats both HEC mitigation and elephant conservation goals. C1 [Fernando, Prithiviraj; Pastorini, Jennifer] Ctr Conservat & Res, Rajagiriya, Sri Lanka. [Leimgruber, Peter] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA USA. [Prasad, Tharaka] Dept Wildlife Conservat, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka. [Pastorini, Jennifer] Univ Zurich, Inst Anthropol, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Pastorini, J (reprint author), Ctr Conservat & Res, Rajagiriya, Sri Lanka. EM jenny@aim.uzh.ch RI Pastorini, Jennifer/A-9959-2012; Fernando, Prithiviraj/I-8238-2012; Leimgruber, Peter/O-1304-2015 OI Pastorini, Jennifer/0000-0001-5883-0208; Fernando, Prithiviraj/0000-0001-6968-4189; Leimgruber, Peter/0000-0002-3682-0153 FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Asian Elephant Conservation Fund; Alexander Abraham Foundation; Sidney S. Byers Charitable Trust; Eco Health Alliance; Friends of the National Zoo (FONZ); Circus Knie; Smithsonian Women's Committee; Vontobel Stiftung; PAM-WCP Project of the DWC FX This work was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Asian Elephant Conservation Fund, Alexander Abraham Foundation, Sidney S. Byers Charitable Trust, Eco Health Alliance, Friends of the National Zoo (FONZ), Circus Knie, Smithsonian Women's Committee, Vontobel Stiftung, and the PAM-WCP Project of the DWC. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 65 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 7 U2 99 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 7 PY 2012 VL 7 IS 12 AR e50917 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0050917 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 050OT UT WOS:000312064100042 PM 23236404 ER PT J AU Pletsch, HJ Guillemot, L Fehrmann, H Allen, B Kramer, M Aulbert, C Ackermann, M Ajello, M de Angelis, A Atwood, WB Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Bechtol, K Bellazzini, R Borgland, AW Bottacini, E Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Brigida, M Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caraveo, PA Casandjian, JM Cecchi, C Celik, O Charles, E Chaves, RCG Cheung, CC Chiang, J Ciprini, S Claus, R Cohen-Tanugi, J Conrad, J Cutini, S D'Ammando, F Dermer, CD Digel, SW Drell, PS Drlica-Wagner, A Dubois, R Dumora, D Favuzzi, C Ferrara, EC Franckowiak, A Fukazawa, Y Fusco, P Gargano, F Gehrels, N Germani, S Giglietto, N Giordano, F Giroletti, M Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Grove, JE Guiriec, S Hadasch, D Hanabata, Y Harding, AK den Hartog, PR Hayashida, M Hays, E Hill, AB Hou, X Hughes, RE Johannesson, G Jackson, MS Jogler, T Johnson, AS Johnson, WN Kataoka, J Kerr, M Knodlseder, J Kuss, M Lande, J Larsson, S Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Longo, F Loparco, F Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Massaro, F Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN McEnery, JE Mehault, J Michelson, PF Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nakamori, T Nemmen, R Nuss, E Ohno, M Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orienti, M Orlando, E de Palma, F Paneque, D Perkins, JS Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Ray, PS Razzano, M Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Ritz, S Romani, RW Romoli, C Sanchez, DA Parkinson, PMS Schulz, A Sgro, C Silva, EDE Siskind, EJ Smith, DA Spandre, G Spinelli, P Suson, DJ Takahashi, H Tanaka, T Thayer, JB Thayer, JG Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Tinivella, M Troja, E Usher, TL Vandenbroucke, J Vasileiou, V Vianello, G Vitale, V Waite, AP Winer, BL Wood, KS Wood, M Yang, Z Zimmer, S AF Pletsch, H. J. Guillemot, L. Fehrmann, H. Allen, B. Kramer, M. Aulbert, C. Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. de Angelis, A. Atwood, W. B. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Bechtol, K. Bellazzini, R. Borgland, A. W. Bottacini, E. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Brigida, M. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caraveo, P. A. Casandjian, J. M. Cecchi, C. Celik, Oe Charles, E. Chaves, R. C. G. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Ciprini, S. Claus, R. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, J. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. Dermer, C. D. Digel, S. W. Drell, P. S. Drlica-Wagner, A. Dubois, R. Dumora, D. Favuzzi, C. Ferrara, E. C. Franckowiak, A. Fukazawa, Y. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gehrels, N. Germani, S. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Grove, J. E. Guiriec, S. Hadasch, D. Hanabata, Y. Harding, A. K. den Hartog, P. R. Hayashida, M. Hays, E. Hill, A. B. Hou, X. Hughes, R. E. Johannesson, G. Jackson, M. S. Jogler, T. Johnson, A. S. Johnson, W. N. Kataoka, J. Kerr, M. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. Lande, J. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Massaro, F. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. McEnery, J. E. Mehault, J. Michelson, P. F. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nakamori, T. Nemmen, R. Nuss, E. Ohno, M. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. de Palma, F. Paneque, D. Perkins, J. S. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Ray, P. S. Razzano, M. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Ritz, S. Romani, R. W. Romoli, C. Sanchez, D. A. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Schulz, A. Sgro, C. do Couto e Silva, E. Siskind, E. J. Smith, D. A. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Suson, D. J. Takahashi, H. Tanaka, T. Thayer, J. B. Thayer, J. G. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Tinivella, M. Troja, E. Usher, T. L. Vandenbroucke, J. Vasileiou, V. Vianello, G. Vitale, V. Waite, A. P. Winer, B. L. Wood, K. S. Wood, M. Yang, Z. Zimmer, S. TI Binary Millisecond Pulsar Discovery via Gamma-Ray Pulsations SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; BLIND FREQUENCY SEARCHES; FERMI-LAT; SPACE-TELESCOPE; SOURCE CATALOG; POPULATION; PLANET; YOUNG AB Millisecond pulsars, old neutron stars spun up by accreting matter from a companion star, can reach high rotation rates of hundreds of revolutions per second. Until now, all such "recycled" rotation-powered pulsars have been detected by their spin-modulated radio emission. In a computing-intensive blind search of gamma-ray data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (with partial constraints from optical data), we detected a 2.5-millisecond pulsar, PSR J1311-3430. This unambiguously explains a formerly unidentified gamma-ray source that had been a decade-long enigma, confirming previous conjectures. The pulsar is in a circular orbit with an orbital period of only 93 minutes, the shortest of any spin-powered pulsar binary ever found. C1 [Pletsch, H. J.; Fehrmann, H.; Allen, B.; Aulbert, C.] Albert Einstein Inst, Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Pletsch, H. J.; Fehrmann, H.; Allen, B.; Aulbert, C.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Gravitat Phys, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. [Guillemot, L.; Kramer, M.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Allen, B.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Kramer, M.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 PPL, Lancs, England. [Ackermann, M.; Mayer, M.; Schulz, A.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Borgland, A. W.; Bottacini, E.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Franckowiak, A.; Godfrey, G.; den Hartog, P. R.; Hayashida, M.; Hill, A. B.; Jogler, T.; Johnson, A. S.; Kerr, M.; Lande, J.; Massaro, F.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ajello, M.; Bechtol, K.; Borgland, A. W.; Bottacini, E.; Buehler, R.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Claus, R.; Digel, S. W.; Drell, P. S.; Drlica-Wagner, A.; Dubois, R.; Franckowiak, A.; Godfrey, G.; den Hartog, P. R.; Hayashida, M.; Hill, A. B.; Jogler, T.; Johnson, A. S.; Kerr, M.; Lande, J.; Massaro, F.; Michelson, P. F.; Mitthumsiri, W.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Murgia, S.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; do Couto e Silva, E.; Tanaka, T.; Thayer, J. B.; Thayer, J. G.; Usher, T. L.; Vandenbroucke, J.; Vianello, G.; Waite, A. P.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Atwood, W. B.; Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Razzano, M.; Ritz, S.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Ballet, J.; Casandjian, J. M.; Chaves, R. C. G.; Grenier, I. A.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, CEA,IRFU,CNRS,Lab AIM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Rando, R.; Tibaldo, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Buson, S.; Pivato, G.; Rando, R.; Romoli, C.; Tibaldo, L.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bellazzini, R.; Bregeon, J.; Kuss, M.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spandre, G.; Tinivella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Brandt, T. J.; Knoedlseder, J.] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Brandt, T. J.; Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, GAHEC, UPS OMP, IRAP, Toulouse, France. [Brigida, M.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; de Palma, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; de Palma, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Politecn Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Brigida, M.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; de Palma, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bruel, P.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Caliandro, G. A.; Hadasch, D.] IEEE CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; D'Ammando, F.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Germani, S.; Lubrano, P.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Celik, Oe; Ferrara, E. C.; Gehrels, N.; Guiriec, S.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; McEnery, J. E.; Nemmen, R.; Perkins, J. S.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe; Perkins, J. S.] CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Celik, Oe; Perkins, J. S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Celik, Oe; Perkins, J. S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Cheung, C. C.] Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Dermer, C. D.; Grove, J. E.; Johnson, W. N.; Lovellette, M. N.; Ray, P. S.; Wood, K. S.] USN, Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.] ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Mehault, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Vasileiou, V.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, Montpellier, France. [Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.; Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Jackson, M. S.; Larsson, S.; Yang, Z.; Zimmer, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [D'Ammando, F.] IASF Palermo, I-90146 Palermo, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Dumora, D.; Hou, X.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Reposeur, T.; Smith, D. A.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Fukazawa, Y.; Hanabata, Y.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Giroletti, M.; Orienti, M.] INAF Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Grondin, M. -H.; Sanchez, D. A.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Grondin, M. -H.] Heidelberg Univ, Landessternwarte, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Hayashida, M.] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. [Hill, A. B.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Hughes, R. E.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Hughes, R. E.; Winer, B. L.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Jackson, M. S.] Royal Inst Technol KTH, AlbaNova, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Kataoka, J.; Nakamori, T.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Larsson, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Latronico, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.; Vitale, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Ohno, M.] JAXA, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Paneque, D.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Perkins, J. S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Vianello, G.] CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Vitale, V.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. RP Pletsch, HJ (reprint author), Albert Einstein Inst, Max Planck Inst Gravitat Phys, D-30167 Hannover, Germany. EM holger.pletsch@aei.mpg.de RI Sgro, Carmelo/K-3395-2016; Massaro, Francesco/L-9102-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; Saz Parkinson, Pablo Miguel/I-7980-2013; Nemmen, Rodrigo/O-6841-2014; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/O-8741-2015; Loparco, Francesco/O-8847-2015; Gargano, Fabio/O-8934-2015; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Mazziotta, Mario /O-8867-2015; Rando, Riccardo/M-7179-2013; Hays, Elizabeth/D-3257-2012; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 OI orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Baldini, Luca/0000-0002-9785-7726; Ray, Paul/0000-0002-5297-5278; Massaro, Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850; Aulbert, Carsten/0000-0002-1481-8319; Giordano, Francesco/0000-0002-8651-2394; De Angelis, Alessandro/0000-0002-3288-2517; Caraveo, Patrizia/0000-0003-2478-8018; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; SPINELLI, Paolo/0000-0001-6688-8864; Hill, Adam/0000-0003-3470-4834; Bastieri, Denis/0000-0002-6954-8862; Omodei, Nicola/0000-0002-5448-7577; Allen, Bruce/0000-0003-4285-6256; Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; Johannesson, Gudlaugur/0000-0003-1458-7036; Loparco, Francesco/0000-0002-1173-5673; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Mazziotta, Mario /0000-0001-9325-4672; FU Max-Planck-Gesellschaft FX This work was supported by the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft. The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from several agencies and institutes for both development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include NASA and Department of Energy (United States), CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS (France), ASI and INFN (Italy), MEXT, KEK, and JAXA (Japan), and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council, and the National Space Board (Sweden). Additional support from INAF in Italy and CNES in France for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged. Fermi LAT data are available from the Fermi Science Support Center (http://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/ssc). NR 32 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD DEC 7 PY 2012 VL 338 IS 6112 BP 1314 EP 1317 DI 10.1126/science.1229054 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 049NZ UT WOS:000311991200058 PM 23112297 ER PT J AU Veijalainen, A Wahlberg, N Broad, GR Erwin, TL Longino, JT Saaksjarvi, IE AF Veijalainen, Anu Wahlberg, Niklas Broad, Gavin R. Erwin, Terry L. Longino, John T. Saaksjarvi, Ilari E. TI Unprecedented ichneumonid parasitoid wasp diversity in tropical forests SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE cryptic species; DNA barcoding; latitudinal diversity gradient; Neotropics; Orthocentrinae ID LATITUDINAL GRADIENTS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; BIODIVERSITY; HYMENOPTERA; EXTINCTION; RICHNESS; PATTERNS; SCALE AB The megadiverse parasitoid wasp family Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) is classically considered an exception to the extensively studied latitudinal diversity gradient: the majority of ichneumonid species are described from temperate regions. The gradient has been hypothesized to be dependent on the biology of the wasps, but recently questions of sampling and description biases have been raised. Here, we show with primary data that the species richness of Ichneumonidae is markedly underestimated in tropical areas and that latitudinal diversity patterns in the family remain uncharacterized. We discovered a startling 177 likely undescribed orthocentrine species with relatively low sampling effort in the forests of Central America and Amazonian Ecuador, over three times the previously known orthocentrine diversity in the world's tropics. Species accumulation curves reveal that we are just beginning to unveil the true extent of tropical orthocentrine diversity. We also found evidence for cryptic species; our DNA analysis revealed additional species not easily distinguishable using morphological characteristics. The difficulty in establishing species richness patterns of Ichneumonidae probably follows from the relative lack of taxonomic expertise and the low density of ichneumonid species throughout the landscape. C1 [Veijalainen, Anu; Wahlberg, Niklas; Saaksjarvi, Ilari E.] Univ Turku, Dept Biol, Turku 20014, Finland. [Veijalainen, Anu] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Broad, Gavin R.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, London SW7 5BD, England. [Erwin, Terry L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Longino, John T.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Veijalainen, A (reprint author), Univ Turku, Dept Biol, Turku 20014, Finland. EM anu.veijalainen@utu.fi RI Wahlberg, Niklas/B-7765-2008 OI Wahlberg, Niklas/0000-0002-1259-3363 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0640015]; The Academy of Finland [129811]; Kone Foundation grant Biodiversity and multiple trophic interactions; The Finnish Society of Forest Science, Jenny; Antti Wihuri Foundation; Smithsonian Institution Graduate Student Fellowship; SYNTHESYS FX We thank Ecuambiente Consulting Group, S. A., Quito, Ecuador for field work and the Smithsonian Institution for travel and field assistants in Ecuador. Project LLAMA was supported by National Science Foundation grant DEB-0640015. Laboratory work was funded by The Academy of Finland grant no. 129811 (N.W.) and Kone Foundation grant Biodiversity and multiple trophic interactions (I.E.S.). The Finnish Society of Forest Science, Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation, Smithsonian Institution Graduate Student Fellowship, and SYNTHESYS provided personal funding to A.V. We also thank Matthew Buffington and Michael Sharkey for arranging the LLAMA samples, TEGLab staff (University of Turku) for assistance with the DNA work, Carol Castillo for data processing, Jukka Salmela for comments on the species estimations, and Karolyn Darrow, David Wahl and Jason Weintraub for sending images of type specimens. Two anonymous referees provided valuable comments on the manuscript. NR 36 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 45 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD DEC 7 PY 2012 VL 279 IS 1748 BP 4694 EP 4698 DI 10.1098/rspb.2012.1664 PG 5 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 030JJ UT WOS:000310566700002 PM 23034706 ER PT J AU Knornschild, M Jung, K Nagy, M Metz, M Kalko, E AF Knoernschild, Mirjam Jung, Kirsten Nagy, Martina Metz, Markus Kalko, Elisabeth TI Bat echolocation calls facilitate social communication SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE eavesdropping; sex-specific signature; individual signature; Saccopteryx bilineata; vocal communication; Chiroptera ID SAC-WINGED BAT; BIG BROWN BATS; SACCOPTERYX-BILINEATA; EPTESICUS-FUSCUS; INDIVIDUAL IDENTITY; EMBALLONURID BATS; MYOTIS-LUCIFUGUS; NYCTALUS-NOCTULA; MATING SYSTEM; BODY-SIZE AB Bat echolocation is primarily used for orientation and foraging but also holds great potential for social communication. The communicative function of echolocation calls is still largely unstudied, especially in the wild. Eavesdropping on vocal signatures encoding social information in echolocation calls has not, to our knowledge, been studied in free-living bats so far. We analysed echolocation calls of the polygynous bat Saccopteryx bilineata and found pronounced vocal signatures encoding sex and individual identity. We showed experimentally that free-living males discriminate approaching male and female conspecifics solely based on their echolocation calls. Males always produced aggressive vocalizations when hearing male echolocation calls and courtship vocalizations when hearing female echolocation calls; hence, they responded with complex social vocalizations in the appropriate social context. Our study demonstrates that social information encoded in bat echolocation calls plays a crucial and hitherto underestimated role for eavesdropping conspecifics and thus facilitates social communication in a highly mobile nocturnal mammal. C1 [Knoernschild, Mirjam; Jung, Kirsten; Metz, Markus; Kalko, Elisabeth] Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Nagy, Martina] Humboldt Univ, Museum Nat Kunde, Leibniz Inst Res Evolut & Biodivers, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. [Kalko, Elisabeth] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Knornschild, M (reprint author), Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. EM mirjam.knoernschild@uni-ulm.de RI Nagy, Martina/D-2636-2012; Metz, Markus/C-5471-2011; Knornschild, Mirjam/C-9401-2011 OI Metz, Markus/0000-0002-4038-8754; FU University of Ulm, Germany; National System of Conservation Areas (SINAC) FX We are indebted to the owners of Curu Wildlife Refuge and Villa Lapas Eco-Resort for their logistic support. The Costa Rican authorities, especially Javier Guevara and the National System of Conservation Areas (SINAC), allocated both support and research permissions. Funding was provided by a start-up grant from the University of Ulm, Germany, to M.K. NR 61 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 100 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD DEC 7 PY 2012 VL 279 IS 1748 BP 4827 EP 4835 DI 10.1098/rspb.2012.1995 PG 9 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 030JJ UT WOS:000310566700019 PM 23034703 ER PT J AU Lattanzi, V Thorwirth, S Gottlieb, CA McCarthy, MC AF Lattanzi, Valerio Thorwirth, Sven Gottlieb, Carl A. McCarthy, Michael C. TI Two Isomers of Protonated Isocyanic Acid: Evidence for an Ion-Molecule Pathway for HNCO <-> HOCN Isomerization SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GAS-PHASE; FULMINIC ACID; MICROWAVE-SPECTRA; BASIS-SETS; SPECTROSCOPY; HCNO; THERMOCHEMISTRY; EXISTENCE; FORMAMIDE; CLOUDS AB Ion-molecule reactions are thought to play a crucial role in the formation of metastable isomers, but relatively few protonated intermediates beyond HNCH+ have been characterized at high spectral resolution. We present here laboratory measurements of the rotational spectra of protonated isocyanic acid in two isomeric forms, the ground state H2NCO+ with C-2v symmetry and a low-lying bent chain HNCOH+, guided by coupled cluster calculations of their molecular structure. Somewhat surprisingly, HNCOH+ is found to be more abundant than H2NCO+, even though this metastable isomer is calculated to lie approximately 15-20 kcal/mol higher in energy. In the same way that HCNH+ serves as a key intermediate in ion-molecule reactions that form HNC via dissociative electron recombination in cold dense interstellar molecular clouds, HNCOH+ may play an analogous role in the conversion of HNCO to HOCN. C1 [Lattanzi, Valerio; Gottlieb, Carl A.; McCarthy, Michael C.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lattanzi, Valerio; Gottlieb, Carl A.; McCarthy, Michael C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Thorwirth, Sven] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. RP McCarthy, MC (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mccarthy@cfa.harvard.edu RI Thorwirth, Sven/C-6217-2011; OI Thorwirth, Sven/0000-0001-8200-6710; McCarthy, Michael/0000-0001-9142-0008 FU NSF [CHE-1058063]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [TH 1301/3-1] FX The authors thank R Saykally, B. Winnewisser, and H. Gupta for helpful discussions, and F. F. Crim for advice on the synthesis of isocyanic acid. The work in Cambridge is supported by NSF Grant No. CHE-1058063. S.T. gratefully acknowledges support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through Grant TH 1301/3-1. NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 36 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1948-7185 J9 J PHYS CHEM LETT JI J. Phys. Chem. Lett. PD DEC 6 PY 2012 VL 3 IS 23 BP 3420 EP 3424 DI 10.1021/jz301520s PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 052AR UT WOS:000312170600004 PM 26290966 ER PT J AU Gullans, M Tiecke, TG Chang, DE Feist, J Thompson, JD Cirac, JI Zoller, P Lukin, MD AF Gullans, M. Tiecke, T. G. Chang, D. E. Feist, J. Thompson, J. D. Cirac, J. I. Zoller, P. Lukin, M. D. TI Nanoplasmonic Lattices for Ultracold Atoms SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID COLD ATOMS; QUANTUM; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOPARTICLES; METAMATERIALS; TRANSITION; DRIVEN; METALS; STATES; TRAPS AB We propose to use subwavelength confinement of light associated with the near field of plasmonic systems to create nanoscale optical lattices for ultracold atoms. Our approach combines the unique coherence properties of isolated atoms with the subwavelength manipulation and strong light-matter interaction associated with nanoplasmonic systems. It allows one to considerably increase the energy scales in the realization of Hubbard models and to engineer effective long-range interactions in coherent and dissipative many-body dynamics. Realistic imperfections and potential applications are discussed. C1 [Gullans, M.; Tiecke, T. G.; Feist, J.; Thompson, J. D.; Lukin, M. D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Tiecke, T. G.] MIT, MIT Harvard Ctr Ultracold Atoms, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Tiecke, T. G.] MIT, Elect Res Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Chang, D. E.] ICFO Inst Ciencies Foton, Castelldefels 08860, Barcelona, Spain. [Cirac, J. I.] Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Zoller, P.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Feist, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Gullans, M (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Zoller, Peter/O-1639-2014; Feist, Johannes/J-7394-2012; OI Zoller, Peter/0000-0003-4014-1505; Feist, Johannes/0000-0002-7972-0646; Gullans, Michael/0000-0003-3974-2987 FU Harvard-MIT CUA; NSF; Physics Frontier Center; EU project AQUTE; ARO; DARPA OLE program; Stanford AFOSR MURI [FA9550-12-1-0024]; Fundacio Privada Cellex Barcelona FX This work was supported by the Harvard-MIT CUA, NSF, the Physics Frontier Center, EU project AQUTE, the ARO, DARPA OLE program, and Stanford AFOSR MURI Grant No. FA9550-12-1-0024. D. E. C acknowledges support from Fundacio Privada Cellex Barcelona. NR 47 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 4 U2 52 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD DEC 6 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 23 AR 235309 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.235309 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 049WE UT WOS:000312013300002 PM 23368223 ER PT J AU Tobin, JJ Hartmann, L Chiang, HF Wilner, DJ Looney, LW Loinard, L Calvet, N D'Alessio, P AF Tobin, John J. Hartmann, Lee Chiang, Hsin-Fang Wilner, David J. Looney, Leslie W. Loinard, Laurent Calvet, Nuria D'Alessio, Paola TI A similar to 0.2-solar-mass protostar with a Keplerian disk in the very young L1527 IRS system SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID LOW-MASS PROTOSTARS; COMPLEX STRUCTURE; EVOLUTION; ENVELOPE; II.; ACCRETION; CORE AB In their earliest stages, protostars accrete mass from their surrounding envelopes through circumstellar disks. Until now, the smallest observed protostar-to-envelope mass ratio was about 2.1 (ref. 1). The protostar L1527 IRS is thought to be in the earliest stages of star formation(2). Its envelope contains about one solar mass of material within a radius of about 0.05 parsecs (refs 3, 4), and earlier observations suggested the presence of an edge-on disk(5). Here we report observations of dust continuum emission and (CO)-C-13 (rotational quantum number J = 2 -> 1) line emission from the disk around L1527 IRS, from which we determine a protostellar mass of 0.19 +/- 0.04 solar masses and a protostar-to-envelope mass ratio of about 0.2. We conclude that most of the luminosity is generated through the accretion process, with an accretion rate of about 6.6 x 10(-7) solar masses per year. If it has been accreting at that rate through much of its life, its age is approximately 300,000 years, although theory suggests larger accretion rates earlier(6), so it may be younger. The presence of a rotationally supported disk is confirmed, and significantly more mass may be added to its planet-forming region as well as to the protostar itself in the future. C1 [Tobin, John J.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Hartmann, Lee; Calvet, Nuria] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Chiang, Hsin-Fang; Looney, Leslie W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Chiang, Hsin-Fang] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Chiang, Hsin-Fang] Univ Hawaii Manoa, NASA Astrobiol Inst, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Wilner, David J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Loinard, Laurent; D'Alessio, Paola] UNAM, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Loinard, Laurent] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. RP Tobin, JJ (reprint author), Natl Radio Astron Observ, Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. EM jtobin@nrao.edu FU NASA [HSTHF-51300.01-A, NAS 5-26555]; Space Telescope Science Institute; University of Michigan; NASA through the NASA Astrobiology Institute through the Office of Space Science [NNA09DA77A]; Laboratory for Astronomical Imaging at the University of Illinois; NSF [AST-07-09206]; PAPIIT-UNAM; DGAPA; UNAM; CONACyT (Mexico); Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung; Smithsonian Institution; Academia Sinica FX We thank E. Bergin for comments on the manuscript and W. Kwon for discussing improvements to the data reduction. J.J.T. was supported by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HSTHF-51300.01-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. L. H. and J.J.T. acknowledge partial support from the University of Michigan. H.-F.C. was supported by NASA through the NASA Astrobiology Institute under cooperative agreement NNA09DA77A issued through the Office of Space Science. L. W. L. and H.-F.C. acknowledge support from the Laboratory for Astronomical Imaging at the University of Illinois and the NSF under grant AST-07-09206. P. D. acknowledges a grant from PAPIIT-UNAM. L. L. was supported by DGAPA, UNAM, CONACyT (Mexico) and the Alexander von Humboldt Stiftung. Support for CARMA construction was derived from the states of Illinois, California and Maryland, the James S. McDonnell Foundation, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation, the University of Chicago, the Associates of the California Institute of Technology, and the NSF. Continuing CARMA development and operations are supported by the NSF under a cooperative agreement, and by the CARMA partner universities. The Submillimeter Array is a joint project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the NSF operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. NR 27 TC 95 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 11 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD DEC 6 PY 2012 VL 492 IS 7427 BP 83 EP 85 DI 10.1038/nature11610 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 048EQ UT WOS:000311893400049 PM 23222612 ER PT J AU Blume, D AF Blume, D. TI Universal Four-Body States in Heavy-Light Mixtures with a Positive Scattering Length SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS; GASES; ATOMS AB The number of four-body states known to behave universally is small. This work adds a new class of four-body states to this relatively short list. We predict the existence of a universal four-body bound state for heavy-light mixtures consisting of three identical heavy fermions and a fourth distinguishable lighter particle with a mass ratio kappa greater than or similar to 9.5 and short-range interspecies interaction characterized by a positive s-wave scattering length. The structural properties of these universal states are discussed, and finite-range effects are analyzed. The bound states can be experimentally realized and probed by utilizing ultracold atom mixtures. C1 [Blume, D.] Washington State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Blume, D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Blume, D (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. FU NSF [PHY-0855332, PHY-1205443]; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory FX D.B. thanks Javier von Stecher for suggesting to look at heavy-light mixtures with positive scattering length and Seth Rittenhouse for fruitful discussions. Support by the NSF through Grants No. PHY-0855332 and No. PHY-1205443 is gratefully acknowledged. This work was additionally supported by the National Science Foundation through a grant for the Institute for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics at Harvard University and Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. NR 42 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD DEC 5 PY 2012 VL 109 IS 23 AR 230404 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.230404 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 049VT UT WOS:000312012200001 PM 23368171 ER PT J AU Hinojosa, G Covington, AM Alna'Washi, GA Lu, M Phaneuf, RA Sant'Anna, MM Cisneros, C Alvarez, I Aguilar, A Kilcoyne, ALD Schlachter, AS Ballance, CP McLaughlin, BM AF Hinojosa, G. Covington, A. M. Alna'Washi, G. A. Lu, M. Phaneuf, R. A. Sant'Anna, M. M. Cisneros, C. Alvarez, I. Aguilar, A. Kilcoyne, A. L. D. Schlachter, A. S. Ballance, C. P. McLaughlin, B. M. TI Valence-shell single photoionization of Kr+ ions: Experiment and theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-CAPTURE ELEMENTS; R-MATRIX METHOD; PLANETARY-NEBULAE; ATOMIC DATA; ELECTRON-SCATTERING; ENERGY-LEVELS; KRYPTON IONS; ABUNDANCES; SPECTROSCOPY; BROMINE AB Photoionization of Kr+ ions was studied in the energy range from 23.3 to 39.0 eV at a photon energy resolution of 7.5 meV. Absolute measurements were performed by merging beams of Kr+ ions and of monochromatized synchrotron undulator radiation. Photoionization (PI) of this Br-like ion is characterized by multiple Rydberg series of autoionizing resonances superimposed on a direct PI continuum. Resonance features observed in the experimental spectra are spectroscopically assigned and their energies and quantum defects tabulated. The high-resolution cross-section measurements are benchmarked against state-of-the-art theoretical cross-section calculations from the Dirac-Coulomb R-matrix method [J. Phys. B 45, 085701 (2012)]. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.86.063402 C1 [Hinojosa, G.; Covington, A. M.; Alna'Washi, G. A.; Lu, M.; Phaneuf, R. A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Sant'Anna, M. M.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Fis, BR-21941972 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Cisneros, C.; Alvarez, I.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Fis, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico. [Aguilar, A.; Kilcoyne, A. L. D.; Schlachter, A. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ballance, C. P.] Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [McLaughlin, B. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Hinojosa, G (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Fis, Apartado Postal 48-3, Cuernavaca 62210, Morelos, Mexico. EM hinojosa@fis.unam.mx; alnawashi@hu.edu.jo; b.mclaughlin@qub.ac.uk RI Sant'Anna, Marcelo/B-9355-2013; Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013 OI Sant'Anna, Marcelo/0000-0001-5342-5799; FU Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Energy Biosciences Division, of the US Department of Energy [DE-FG03-00ER14787, DE-FG02-03ER15424]; University of Nevada, Reno; Nevada DOE/EPSCoR Program in Chemical Physics; CONACyT, Cuernavaca, Mexico; ICF-UNAM, Cuernavaca, Mexico [DGAPA UNAM-IN 113010]; CNPq (Brazil); US Department of Energy (DoE) grants through Auburn University; US National Science Foundation; National Science Foundation [OCI-1053575]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We thank J. M. Bizau from the Universite Paris-Sud, France for the published merged-beam data from his group to compare with the present work. The experimental work was supported by the Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Energy Biosciences Division, of the US Department of Energy under Grants No. DE-FG03-00ER14787 and No. DE-FG02-03ER15424 with the University of Nevada, Reno; by the Nevada DOE/EPSCoR Program in Chemical Physics, and by CONACyT, Cuernavaca, Mexico. I.A., C. C., and G. H. acknowledge Grants No. DGAPA UNAM-IN 113010, through ICF-UNAM, Cuernavaca, Mexico. M.M.S'A. acknowledges support from CNPq (Brazil). C. P. B. was supported by US Department of Energy (DoE) grants through Auburn University. B. M. M. acknowledges support from the US National Science Foundation under the visitors program through a grant to ITAMP at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. The computational work was performed at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center in Oakland, CA, and on the Kraken XT5 facility at the National Institute for Computational Science (NICS) in Knoxville, TN. The Kraken XT5 facility is a resource of the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by National Science Foundation Grant No. OCI-1053575. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 50 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD DEC 5 PY 2012 VL 86 IS 6 AR 063402 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.86.063402 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA 048KI UT WOS:000311909800003 ER PT J AU Appeltans, W Ahyong, ST Anderson, G Angel, MV Artois, T Bailly, N Bamber, R Barber, A Bartsch, I Berta, A Blazewicz-Paszkowycz, M Bock, P Boxshall, G Boyko, CB Brandao, SN Bray, RA Bruce, NL Cairns, SD Chan, TY Cheng, LN Collins, AG Cribb, T Curini-Galletti, M Dahdouh-Guebas, F Davie, PJF Dawson, MN De Clerck, O Decock, W De Grave, S de Voogd, NJ Domning, DP Emig, CC Erseus, C Eschmeyer, W Fauchald, K Fautin, DG Feist, SW Fransen, CHJM Furuya, H Garcia-Alvarez, O Gerken, S Gibson, D Gittenberger, A Gofas, S Gomez-Daglio, L Gordon, DP Guiry, MD Hernandez, F Hoeksema, BW Hopcroft, RR Jaume, D Kirk, P Koedam, N Koenemann, S Kolb, JB Kristensen, RM Kroh, A Lambert, G Lazarus, DB Lemaitre, R Longshaw, M Lowry, J Macpherson, E Madin, LP Mah, C Mapstone, G McLaughlin, PA Mees, J Meland, K Messing, CG Mills, CE Molodtsova, TN Mooi, R Neuhaus, B Ng, PKL Nielsen, C Norenburg, J Opresko, DM Osawa, M Paulay, G Perrin, W Pilger, JF Poore, GCB Pugh, P Read, GB Reimer, JD Rius, M Rocha, RM Saiz-Salinas, JI Scarabino, V Schierwater, B Schmidt-Rhaesa, A Schnabel, KE Schotte, M Schuchert, P Schwabe, E Segers, H Self-Sullivan, C Shenkar, N Siegel, V Sterrer, W Stohr, S Swalla, B Tasker, ML Thuesen, EV Timm, T Todaro, MA Turon, X Tyler, S Uetz, P van der Land, J Vanhoorne, B van Ofwegen, LP van Soest, RWM Vanaverbeke, J Walker-Smith, G Walter, TC Warren, A Williams, GC Wilson, SP Costello, MJ AF Appeltans, Ward Ahyong, Shane T. Anderson, Gary Angel, Martin V. Artois, Tom Bailly, Nicolas Bamber, Roger Barber, Anthony Bartsch, Ilse Berta, Annalisa Blazewicz-Paszkowycz, Magdalena Bock, Phil Boxshall, Geoff Boyko, Christopher B. Brandao, Simone Nunes Bray, Rod A. Bruce, Niel L. Cairns, Stephen D. Chan, Tin-Yam Cheng, Lanna Collins, Allen G. Cribb, Thomas Curini-Galletti, Marco Dahdouh-Guebas, Farid Davie, Peter J. F. Dawson, Michael N. De Clerck, Olivier Decock, Wim De Grave, Sammy de Voogd, Nicole J. Domning, Daryl P. Emig, Christian C. Erseus, Christer Eschmeyer, William Fauchald, Kristian Fautin, Daphne G. Feist, Stephen W. Fransen, Charles H. J. M. Furuya, Hidetaka Garcia-Alvarez, Oscar Gerken, Sarah Gibson, David Gittenberger, Arjan Gofas, Serge Gomez-Daglio, Liza Gordon, Dennis P. Guiry, Michael D. Hernandez, Francisco Hoeksema, Bert W. Hopcroft, Russell R. Jaume, Damia Kirk, Paul Koedam, Nico Koenemann, Stefan Kolb, Juergen B. Kristensen, Reinhardt M. Kroh, Andreas Lambert, Gretchen Lazarus, David B. Lemaitre, Rafael Longshaw, Matt Lowry, Jim Macpherson, Enrique Madin, Laurence P. Mah, Christopher Mapstone, Gill McLaughlin, Patsy A. Mees, Jan Meland, Kenneth Messing, Charles G. Mills, Claudia E. Molodtsova, Tina N. Mooi, Rich Neuhaus, Birger Ng, Peter K. L. Nielsen, Claus Norenburg, Jon Opresko, Dennis M. Osawa, Masayuki Paulay, Gustav Perrin, William Pilger, John F. Poore, Gary C. B. Pugh, Phil Read, Geoffrey B. Reimer, James D. Rius, Marc Rocha, Rosana M. Saiz-Salinas, Jose I. Scarabino, Victor Schierwater, Bernd Schmidt-Rhaesa, Andreas Schnabel, Kareen E. Schotte, Marilyn Schuchert, Peter Schwabe, Enrico Segers, Hendrik Self-Sullivan, Caryn Shenkar, Noa Siegel, Volker Sterrer, Wolfgang Stohr, Sabine Swalla, Billie Tasker, Mark L. Thuesen, Erik V. Timm, Tarmo Todaro, M. Antonio Turon, Xavier Tyler, Seth Uetz, Peter van der Land, Jacob Vanhoorne, Bart van Ofwegen, Leen P. van Soest, Rob W. M. Vanaverbeke, Jan Walker-Smith, Genefor Walter, T. Chad Warren, Alan Williams, Gary C. Wilson, Simon P. Costello, Mark J. TI The Magnitude of Global Marine Species Diversity SO CURRENT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RICHNESS; FUTURE; BIODIVERSITY; TAXONOMISTS; KNOWLEDGE; OCEANS; WORMS; RATES AB Background: The question of how many marine species exist is important because it provides a metric for how much we do and do not know about life in the oceans. We have compiled the first register of the marine species of the world and used this baseline to estimate how many more species, partitioned among all major eukaryotic groups, may be discovered. Results: There are similar to 226,000 eukaryotic marine species described. More species were described in the past decade (similar to 20,000) than in any previous one. The number of authors describing new species has been increasing at a faster rate than the number of new species described in the past six decades. We report that there are similar to 170,000 synonyms, that 58,000-72,000 species are collected but not yet described, and that 482,000-741,000 more species have yet to be sampled. Molecular methods may add tens of thousands of cryptic species. Thus, there may be 0.7-1.0 million marine species. Past rates of description of new species indicate there may be 0.5 +/- 0.2 million marine species. On average 37% (median 31%) of species in over 100 recent field studies around the world might be new to science. Conclusions: Currently, between one-third and two-thirds of marine species may be undescribed, and previous estimates of there being well over one million marine species appear highly unlikely. More species than ever before are being described annually by an increasing number of authors. If the current trend continues, most species will be discovered this century. C1 [Appeltans, Ward; Decock, Wim; Hernandez, Francisco; Vanhoorne, Bart] Flanders Marine Inst, Flemish Marine Data & Informat Ctr, B-8400 Oostende, Belgium. [Appeltans, Ward] Intergovt Oceanog Commiss UNESCO, IOC Project Off IODE, B-8400 Oostende, Belgium. [Ahyong, Shane T.; Lowry, Jim] Australian Museum, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. [Ahyong, Shane T.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Anderson, Gary] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Angel, Martin V.; Pugh, Phil] Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England. [Artois, Tom] Hasselt Univ, Ctr Environm Sci, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium. [Bailly, Nicolas] WorldFish Ctr, Los Banos 4031, Laguna, Philippines. [Bamber, Roger] ARTOO Marine Biol Consultants, Southampton SO14 5QY, Hants, England. [Barber, Anthony] British Myriapod & Isopod Grp, Ivybridge PL21 0BD, Devon, England. [Bartsch, Ilse] Res Inst & Nat Hist Museum, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Berta, Annalisa] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Blazewicz-Paszkowycz, Magdalena] Univ Lodz, Lab Polar Biol & Oceanobiol, PL-90237 Lodz, Poland. [Bock, Phil; Poore, Gary C. B.; Walker-Smith, Genefor] Museum Victoria, Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia. [Boxshall, Geoff; Bray, Rod A.; Gibson, David; Mapstone, Gill; Warren, Alan] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, London SW7 5BD, England. [Boyko, Christopher B.] Dowling Coll, Dept Biol, Oakdale, NY 11769 USA. [Brandao, Simone Nunes] Senckenberg Res Inst, German Ctr Marine Biodivers Res DZMB, D-26382 Wilhelmshaven, Germany. [Brandao, Simone Nunes] Univ Hamburg, Zool Museum Hamburg, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. [Brandao, Simone Nunes] Zool Inst & Zool Museum, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. [Bruce, Niel L.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Zool, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa. [Bruce, Niel L.] Queensland Museum, Museum Trop Queensland, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia. [Bruce, Niel L.] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Townsville, Qld 4810, Australia. [Cairns, Stephen D.; Fauchald, Kristian; Lemaitre, Rafael; Mah, Christopher; Norenburg, Jon; Opresko, Dennis M.; Schotte, Marilyn; Walter, T. Chad] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Chan, Tin-Yam] Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Inst Marine Biol, Chilung 20224, Taiwan. [Cheng, Lanna] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Div Marine Biol Res, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Collins, Allen G.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Natl Systemat Lab, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Cribb, Thomas] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Curini-Galletti, Marco] Univ Sassari, Dipartimento Sci Nat & Terr, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. [Dahdouh-Guebas, Farid] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Lab Syst Ecol & Resource Management, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Dahdouh-Guebas, Farid; Koedam, Nico] Vrije Univ Brussel, Plant Biol & Nat Management Res Grp, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Davie, Peter J. F.] Queensland Museum, Ctr Biodivers, Brisbane, Qld 4101, Australia. [Dawson, Michael N.; Gomez-Daglio, Liza] Univ Calif Merced, Sch Nat Sci, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [De Clerck, Olivier] Univ Ghent, Phycol Res Grp, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [De Grave, Sammy] Univ Oxford, Museum Nat Hist, Oxford OX1 3PW, England. [de Voogd, Nicole J.; Fransen, Charles H. J. M.; Gittenberger, Arjan; Hoeksema, Bert W.; van der Land, Jacob; van Ofwegen, Leen P.; van Soest, Rob W. M.] Nat Biodivers Ctr, Dept Marine Zool, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Domning, Daryl P.] Howard Univ, Dept Anat, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Emig, Christian C.] BrachNet, F-13007 Marseille, France. [Erseus, Christer] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Eschmeyer, William; Paulay, Gustav] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Eschmeyer, William] Calif Acad Sci, Dept Ichthyol, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Fautin, Daphne G.] Univ Kansas, Museum Nat Hist, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Feist, Stephen W.; Longshaw, Matt] Ctr Environm Fisheries & Aquaculture Sci, Weymouth Lab, Weymouth DT4 8UB, Dorset, England. [Furuya, Hidetaka] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Biol, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Furuya, Hidetaka] Osaka Univ, Sch Sci, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Garcia-Alvarez, Oscar] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Zool, Santiago De Compostela 15782, Spain. [Gerken, Sarah] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Biol Sci, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Gofas, Serge] Univ Malaga, Dept Biol Anim, E-29071 Malaga, Spain. [Gordon, Dennis P.; Read, Geoffrey B.; Schnabel, Kareen E.] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Wellington 6021, New Zealand. [Guiry, Michael D.] Natl Univ Ireland, Ryan Inst, Galway, Ireland. [Hopcroft, Russell R.] Univ Alaska, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Jaume, Damia] Univ Illes Balears, CSIC, Inst Mediterraneo Estudios Avanzados, Esporles 7190, Spain. [Kirk, Paul] CABI Bioserv, Egham TW20 9TY, Surrey, England. [Koenemann, Stefan] Univ Siegen, Dept Biol & Didact, D-57068 Siegen, Germany. [Kolb, Juergen B.] Massey Univ, Inst Nat Sci, Auckland 0745, New Zealand. [Kristensen, Reinhardt M.] Univ Copenhagen, Zool Museum, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Kroh, Andreas] Nat Hist Museum Vienna, Dept Geol & Paleontol, A-1010 Vienna, Austria. [Lambert, Gretchen] Univ Washington, Friday Harbor Labs, Friday Harbor, WA 98250 USA. [Lazarus, David B.; Neuhaus, Birger] Museum Naturkunde, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. [Macpherson, Enrique; Turon, Xavier] Consejo Super Invest Cient CEAB CSIC, Ctr Estudios Avanzados Blanes, Blanes 17300, Spain. [Madin, Laurence P.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [McLaughlin, Patsy A.] Western Washington Univ, Shannon Point Marine Ctr, Anacortes, WA 98221 USA. [Mees, Jan; Vanaverbeke, Jan] Univ Ghent, Marine Biol Res Grp, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Meland, Kenneth] Univ Bergen, Dept Biol, N-5020 Bergen, Norway. [Messing, Charles G.; Self-Sullivan, Caryn] Nova SE Univ, Oceanog Ctr, Dania, FL 33004 USA. [Mills, Claudia E.; Swalla, Billie] Univ Washington, Friday Harbor Labs, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Mills, Claudia E.; Swalla, Billie] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Molodtsova, Tina N.] Russian Acad Sci, PP Shirshov Oceanol Inst, Moscow 117218, Russia. [Mooi, Rich; Williams, Gary C.] Calif Acad Sci, Dept Invertebrate Zool & Geol, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Ng, Peter K. L.] Natl Univ Singapore, Fac Sci, Raffles Museum Biodivers Res, Singapore 119260, Singapore. [Nielsen, Claus] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Osawa, Masayuki] Shimane Univ, Res Ctr Coastal Lagoon Environm, Matsue, Shimane 6908504, Japan. [Perrin, William] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Pilger, John F.] Agnes Scott Coll, Dept Biol, Decatur, GA 30030 USA. [Reimer, James D.] Univ Ryukyus, Transdisciplinary Res Org Subtrop Isl Studies, Rising Star Program, Nishihara, Okinawa 9030213, Japan. [Rius, Marc] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Rocha, Rosana M.] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Saiz-Salinas, Jose I.] Univ Basque Country, Dept Zool & Anim Cell Biol, Bilbao 48080, Spain. [Scarabino, Victor] Museo Nacl Hist Nat, Montevideo 11100, Uruguay. [Schierwater, Bernd] Tierarztlichen Hsch Hannover, ITZ, D-30559 Hannover, Germany. [Schmidt-Rhaesa, Andreas] Univ Hamburg, Biozentrum Grindel & Zool Museum, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. [Schuchert, Peter] Museum Hist Nat, CH-1208 Geneva, Switzerland. [Schwabe, Enrico] Bavarian State Collect Zool, D-81247 Munich, Germany. [Segers, Hendrik] Royal Belgian Inst Nat Sci, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. [Self-Sullivan, Caryn] Sirenian Int, Fredericksburg, VA 22401 USA. [Shenkar, Noa] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Zool, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Siegel, Volker] Fed Res Ctr Fisheries, Inst Sea Fisheries, D-22767 Hamburg, Germany. [Sterrer, Wolfgang] Bermuda Nat Hist Museum, Flatts, Bermuda. [Stohr, Sabine] Swedish Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. [Tasker, Mark L.] Joint Nat Conservat Comm, Peterborough PE1 1JY, Cambs, England. [Thuesen, Erik V.] Evergreen State Coll, Lab 1, Olympia, WA 98505 USA. [Timm, Tarmo] Estonian Univ Life Sci, Ctr Limnol, EE-61117 Rannu, Estonia. [Todaro, M. Antonio] Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Dept Life Sci, I-41125 Modena, Italy. [Tyler, Seth] Univ Maine, Sch Biol & Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Uetz, Peter] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Ctr Study Biol Complex, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Wilson, Simon P.] Trin Coll Dublin, Sch Comp Sci & Stat, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Costello, Mark J.] Univ Auckland, Leigh Marine Lab, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. RP Appeltans, W (reprint author), Flanders Marine Inst, Flemish Marine Data & Informat Ctr, B-8400 Oostende, Belgium. EM ward.appeltans@gmail.com RI Molodtsova, Tina/E-1838-2015; de Voogd, Nicole/I-9280-2012; Uetz, Peter/A-7119-2012; Saiz Salinas, Jose Ignacio/I-5216-2015; Brandao, Simone/K-4672-2012; Norenburg, Jon/K-3481-2015; Fransen, Charles/A-6693-2017; Stohr, Sabine/B-8629-2011; Jaume, Damia/P-5559-2014; De Clerck, Olivier/A-9083-2010; Hoeksema, Bert/B-2973-2010; Nielsen, Claus/A-4794-2013; Rocha, Rosana/H-7989-2012; Kristensen, Reinhardt/A-8772-2013; Turon, Xavier/J-9211-2012; Segers, Hendrik/C-4101-2009; Longshaw, Matt/C-3884-2013; Todaro, M. Antonio/H-1311-2013; Gibson, David/D-3541-2009; Rius, Marc/C-5088-2011 OI De Grave, Sammy/0000-0002-2437-2445; Gofas, Serge Salvator/0000-0002-3141-3700; Kroh, Andreas/0000-0002-8566-8848; Wilson, Simon/0000-0003-0312-3586; Boxshall, Geoffrey/0000-0001-8170-7734; Costello, Mark/0000-0003-2362-0328; Molodtsova, Tina/0000-0001-7171-6952; de Voogd, Nicole/0000-0002-7985-5604; Uetz, Peter/0000-0001-6194-4927; Saiz Salinas, Jose Ignacio/0000-0002-6245-7589; Norenburg, Jon/0000-0001-7776-1527; Fransen, Charles/0000-0002-7760-2603; Dawson, Michael/0000-0001-7927-8395; Stohr, Sabine/0000-0002-2586-7239; Jaume, Damia/0000-0002-1857-3005; De Clerck, Olivier/0000-0002-3699-8402; Hoeksema, Bert/0000-0001-8259-3783; Rocha, Rosana/0000-0001-6712-7960; Kristensen, Reinhardt/0000-0001-9549-1188; Turon, Xavier/0000-0002-9229-5541; Segers, Hendrik/0000-0001-5399-3657; Todaro, M. Antonio/0000-0002-6353-7281; Gibson, David/0000-0002-2908-491X; Rius, Marc/0000-0002-2195-6605 FU EU project: Network of Excellence in Marine Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning (MarBEF); EU project: Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure (PESI); EU project: Distributed Dynamic Diversity Databases for Life (4D4Life); EU project: Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF); EU project: Census of Marine Life (CoML); EU Marine Science and Technology (MAST) research program FX WoRMS has benefited from funding as part of several EU projects: Network of Excellence in Marine Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning (MarBEF), Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure (PESI), Distributed Dynamic Diversity Databases for Life (4D4Life), the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), and the Census of Marine Life (CoML). It originated in the European Register of Marine Species (ERMS) that was funded by the EU Marine Science and Technology (MAST) research program. We thank Catherine McFadden (Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA) and Mark Brugman (University of Melbourne, Australia) for helpful discussion and the referees for helpful criticism. We wish to acknowledge the time contributed by mary more scientists and their institutions in creating WoRMS than are currently listed in the author list. This paper is dedicated to Jacob van der Land (1935-2011), who began the compilation of a digital inventory of all marine species in the mid-1990s, which contributed to WoRMS. NR 49 TC 214 Z9 219 U1 16 U2 275 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0960-9822 EI 1879-0445 J9 CURR BIOL JI Curr. Biol. PD DEC 4 PY 2012 VL 22 IS 23 BP 2189 EP 2202 DI 10.1016/j.cub.2012.09.036 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 051GW UT WOS:000312115300015 PM 23159596 ER PT J AU Ferris, CD Kruse, JJ Lafontaine, JD Philip, KW Schmidt, BC Sikes, DS AF Ferris, Clifford D. Kruse, James J. Lafontaine, J. Donald Philip, Kenelm W. Schmidt, B. Christian Sikes, Derek S. TI A Checklist of the Moths of Alaska SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Alaska; checklist; Lepidoptera; moths; North America ID NORTH-AMERICA; LEPIDOPTERA; SPHINGIDAE; NOCTUIDAE; LIST AB This article represents the first published complete checklist of the moth taxa, resident and occasional, recorded to date for Alaska. Seven-hundred and ten species are listed. General species distribution ranges within the state are included. Three North American records are listed for the first time: Cydia cornucopiae (Tengstrom); Eucosma hohenwartiana ([D. & S.]); Acronicta menyanthidis (Vieweg). C1 [Ferris, Clifford D.] Univ Florida, McGuire Ctr Lepidoptera & Biodivers, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL USA. [Ferris, Clifford D.] Colorado State Univ, CP Gillette Museum Arthropod Div, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Kruse, James J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Fairbanks Unit, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Kruse, James J.; Philip, Kenelm W.; Sikes, Derek S.] Univ Alaska Museum, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Schmidt, B. Christian] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Biodivers Program, Canadian Natl Collect Insects Arachnids & Nematod, Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Philip, Kenelm W.] Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Philip, Kenelm W.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Ferris, CD (reprint author), 5405 Bill Nye Ave,RR 3, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. EM cdferris@uwyo.edu; jkruse@fs.fed.us; Don.Lafontaine@AGR.GC.CA; kwp.uaf@gmail.com; schmidtcb@inspection.gc.ca; dssikes@alaska.edu RI Yakovlev, Roman/J-7243-2013 NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 4 PY 2012 IS 3571 BP 1 EP 25 PG 25 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 047QZ UT WOS:000311856900001 ER PT J AU Llano, C Ugan, A Guerci, A Otaola, C AF Llano, Carina Ugan, Andrew Guerci, Alejandra Otaola, Clara TI EXPERIMENTAL ARCHAEOLOGY AND NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT OF THE FRUIT OF MESQUITE (PROSOPIS FLEXUOSA): INFERENCES ABOUT THE PRESENCE OF MACROREMAINS IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES SO INTERSECCIONES EN ANTROPOLOGIA LA Spanish DT Article DE Nutritional composition; Plant macroremains; Experimental milling; Prosopis flexuosa ID CHILENSIS MOL. STUNTZ; ARGENTINA; FABACEAE; DISPERSAL; ALGARROBO; PRODUCTS; PROTEIN; ANALOGY; DESERT; SEEDS AB Mesquite fruits Prosopis spp. are an important food resource for both humans and animals due to their high nutritional value, but key dietary components are unevenly distributed within the fruit. While carbohydrates occur in the soft, outer mesocarpo, proteins are found in the much harder seeds. This raises the potential for differences in processing costs, and may explain variation in the use of mesquite seeds described ethnographically. Here we report the results of a series of processing experiments that evaluate the nutritional value and time costs associated with increasing levels of mesquite processing (gathering and grounding) using traditional manos and metates. We show that while additional processing does lead to more protein in mesquite flour as seeds are broken down, differences in nutritional value are minimal, overall energetic value remains the same, and the high additional processing costs reduce energetic return rates. These results suggest that under most circumstances mesquite processed using these technologies would be done mostly to extract the carbohydrates. A comparison of residual plant parts from these experiments with similar plant macrofossils from regional archaeological sites suggest similar patterns of processing in the past, with an anthropogenic rather than natural origin for the recovered remains. C1 [Llano, Carina; Otaola, Clara] Museo Hist Nat San Rafael, RA-5600 Mendoza, Argentina. [Ugan, Andrew] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon Panama, Panama. [Guerci, Alejandra] Univ Nacl Cuyo, ICB, RA-5500 Mendoza, Argentina. RP Llano, C (reprint author), Museo Hist Nat San Rafael, Parque Mariano Moreno S-N, RA-5600 Mendoza, Argentina. EM llano.carina@gmail.com; andrew.ugan@gmail.com; aleguerci@yahoo.com.ar; claraotaola@yahoo.com.ar NR 75 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU UNIV NAC CENTRO PROVINCIA BUENOS AIRES PI BUENOS AIRES PA FAC CIENCIAS SOCIALES, AVE ARISTOBULO DEL VALLE 5737, BUENOS AIRES, OLAVARIA 7400, ARGENTINA SN 1850-373X J9 INTERSECCIONES ANTRO JI Intersecciones Antropol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 13 IS 2 BP 513 EP 524 PG 12 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA 172LF UT WOS:000321003900017 ER PT J AU Collins, M AF Collins, Martin TI Untitled SO HISTORY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Collins, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0734-1512 J9 HIST TECHNOL JI Hist. Technol. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 28 IS 4 BP 373 EP 373 DI 10.1080/07341512.2012.771464 PG 1 WC History SC History GA 135GG UT WOS:000318275900001 ER PT J AU Clough, GW AF Clough, G. Wayne TI Untitled SO SMITHSONIAN LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Clough, GW (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SMITHSONIAN ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 900 JEFFERSON DR, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0037-7333 J9 SMITHSONIAN JI Smithsonian PD DEC PY 2012 VL 43 IS 8 BP 10 EP 10 PG 1 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA 059FT UT WOS:000312690500005 ER PT J AU Radcliffe, C Angliss, S AF Radcliffe, Caroline Angliss, Sarah TI Revolution: Challenging the automaton: Repetitive labour and dance in the industrial workspace SO PERFORMANCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB This chapter examines a performance devised and developed collaboratively by the authors between 2007 -11 which uses a repetitious, machine-inspired nineteenth-century dance to control a digital arts piece, exploring the performative interface between human machine workers and technology. The performance was awarded a Quake contemporary dance festival award in 2008. The dance, the The Machinery, traceable to the1820s, is striking as possibly the earliest example of the creative expression of alienation and dehumanization in the industrial workspace. Nineteenth-century cotton mill workers surrendered to the pace of the machine through necessity; in The Machinery, workers find a means of expression by coalescing with the machine, rather than escaping it, reflecting De Certeau's theories of the everyday'. A means of addressing boredom and repetition, the predominantly female workers responded performatively to the otherwise potentially overpowering and isolating noises and actions of the uniform and unceasing motion of the automaton' (Marx). The dance can be viewed as a way of maintaining the body's control, interaction and creativity, rather than allowing the body to become solely an extension of the capitalist means of production. Paralleling the working conditions of the nineteenth-century textile workers with those of today's computer operators, Radcliffe and Angliss created a mixed media performance piece inspired by women's interaction with technology. Taking the steps of the early nineteenth-century clog dance, they re-contextualised its history, using it to control a machine of the twenty-first century, the digital computer. Thus, the performers - dancer and computer operator - work together to create an intermedial space where the real world, occupied by the human worker, and virtual world of the machine are coupled to each other and acting in equal partnership. The extreme, machine-like control, virtuosity and physical endurance of the dance reflect the stamina required to survive repetitive labour in both the industrial and the post-industrial workplace. C1 [Radcliffe, Caroline] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Angliss, Sarah] Sci Museum London, London, England. [Angliss, Sarah] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Angliss, Sarah] BBC Radio 4, London, England. RP Radcliffe, C (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1352-8165 J9 PERFORM RES JI Perform. Res. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 17 IS 6 SI SI BP 40 EP 47 DI 10.1080/13528165.2013.775758 PG 8 WC Theater SC Theater GA 105XP UT WOS:000316106300007 ER PT J AU Baeza, JA Anderson, JR Spadar, AJ Behringer, DC AF Antonio Baeza, J. Anderson, Joshua R. Spadar, Angelo J. Behringer, Donald C. TI SEXUAL DIMORPHISM, ALLOMETRY, AND SIZE AT FIRST MATURITY OF THE CARIBBEAN KING CRAB, MITHRAX SPINOSISSIMUS, IN THE FLORIDA KEYS SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE King crab; size at first maturity; male morphotypes; sexual dimorphism; sex ratio; Mithrax spinosissimus ID MAJA-SQUINADO DECAPODA; SPIDER CRAB; RELATIVE GROWTH; FORCEPS EDWARDS,A.MILNE; REPRODUCTIVE-BIOLOGY; BRACHYURA; MAJIDAE; CRUSTACEA; SURVIVAL; BEHAVIOR AB The Caribbean King crab Mithrax spinosissimus is the largest brachyuran found in the western Atlantic and it supports subsistence and small commercial fisheries throughout the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico. Because of its short larval duration and rapid growth, M. spinosissimus is considered a good candidate for aquaculture. Out study documents for the first time the size at sexual maturity, sexual dimorphism, and allometric growth relative to carapace width for certain secondary sexual characters in male and female M. spinosissimus from the Florida Keys, Florida. Using principal component analysis, K-means cluster analysis, and discriminant analysis, we identified 2 major growth phases in the postlarval benthic life of this species (juvenile or prepubertal and adult or pubertal). The typical growth pattern for majoid crabs includes a third, intermediate growth phase that appears absent in M. spinosissimus. The major cheliped of males was larger than that of females and exhibited positive allometric growth to maturity, after which the level of allometry decreased. In females, both chelipeds exhibited positive allometry throughout ontogeny. Abdominal width was negatively allometric throughout ontogeny in males, whereas in females the abdomen exhibited positive allometric growth until reproductive maturity, at which point it became isometric. Logistic regression indicated that the carapace width at first maturity was 45.2 mm in males and 69.7 mm in females. This new information should be taken into account when assessing stocks and setting harvest regulations if this fishery is to be managed sustainably. C1 [Antonio Baeza, J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Antonio Baeza, J.] Univ Catolica Norte, Fac Ciencias Mar, Dept Marine Biol, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile. [Anderson, Joshua R.; Behringer, Donald C.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Fisheries & Aquat Sci Program, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. [Anderson, Joshua R.; Behringer, Donald C.] Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Spadar, Angelo J.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Baeza, JA (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, 701 Seaway Dr, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. EM BaezaA@si.edu OI Baeza, Juan Antonio/0000-0002-2573-6773 FU Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission [103232]; Old Dominion University FX We thank numerous people who helped collect or provide animals, including Rebecca Squib (UP), Casey Boleman (ODU), and Tom Matthews of the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Marathon, FL. We thank Mark Butler for logistic and material assistance that helped make this study possible. This study was funded in part by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (contract 103232 to D. C. B. and J. A. B.). J. A. B. was supported by a post-doctoral fellowship from Old Dominion University during the current study. This is Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce contribution no. 897. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 25 PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC PI GROTON PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD, GROTON, CT 06340 USA SN 0730-8000 J9 J SHELLFISH RES JI J. Shellfish Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 31 IS 4 BP 909 EP 916 DI 10.2983/035.031.0401 PG 8 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 068TN UT WOS:000313389200001 ER PT J AU Li, SG Cheng, YX Zhou, B Hines, AH AF Li, Shuguo Cheng, Yongxu Zhou, Bo Hines, Anson H. TI CHANGES IN BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF NEWLY SPAWNED EGGS, PREHATCHING EMBRYOS AND NEWLY HATCHED LARVAE OF THE BLUE CRAB CALLINECTES SAPIDUS SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE blue crab; Callinectes sapidus; biochemical composition; embryonic development ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; DECAPOD CRUSTACEAN LARVAE; CHESAPEAKE BAY; FRESH-WATER; OVARY; HEPATOPANCREAS; MATURATION; SHRIMP; PRAWN; LIPOVITELLIN AB Changes in biochemical composition during the transition from eggs to larvae in the blue crab Callinectes sapidus were documented. The amounts of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates decreased from newly formed embryos (stage I) through prehatching embryos (stage II) to newly hatched larvae (stage III; P < 0.05), but the water content increased significantly from stage I to stage II (P < 0.05). Total saturated fatty acid increased significantly from stage I to stage II (P < 0.05), then the content of total saturated fatty acid in stage III decreased to a level similar to that in stage I. In contrast, total monounsaturated fatty acid, n3/n6, and docosahexaenoic acid-to-eicosapentaenoic acid ratios decreased significantly from stage I to stage II (P < 0.05), whereas these variables remained unchanged in stage III. The level of n6 polyunsaturated fatty acid increased significantly from stage I to stage II (P < 0.05) and then stabilized subsequently during stage III. Lipid class analysis revealed that the percentage of triglyceride decreased significantly from stage I to stage III, whereas the proportion of cholesterin increased (P < 0.05). Phospholipids decreased significantly from stage I to stage II (P < 0.05), then returned to stage I levels during stage III. These data suggest that the embryos in stage II and stage III required more energy compared with those in stage I. C1 [Li, Shuguo; Cheng, Yongxu; Zhou, Bo] Shanghai Ocean Univ, Key Lab Explorat & Utilizat Aquat Genet Resources, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China. [Li, Shuguo] Inner Mongolia Univ Nationalities, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Tongliao 028000, Peoples R China. [Hines, Anson H.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Cheng, YX (reprint author), Shanghai Ocean Univ, Key Lab Explorat & Utilizat Aquat Genet Resources, 999 Huchenghuan Rd, Shanghai 201306, Peoples R China. EM yxcheng@shou.edu.cn FU NOAA through the Blue Crab Advanced Research Consortium; Smithsonian Marine Science Network; Smithsonian Environmental Sciences Program FX This research was supported, in part, by grants to A. H. H. from NOAA through the Blue Crab Advanced Research Consortium, Smithsonian Marine Science Network, and Smithsonian Environmental Sciences Program. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 20 PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC PI GROTON PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD, GROTON, CT 06340 USA SN 0730-8000 J9 J SHELLFISH RES JI J. Shellfish Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 31 IS 4 BP 941 EP 946 DI 10.2983/035.031.0405 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 068TN UT WOS:000313389200005 ER PT J AU Scholz, J Hoeksema, BW Pawson, DL Ruthensteiner, B AF Scholz, Joachim Hoeksema, Bert W. Pawson, David L. Ruthensteiner, Bernhard TI Ludwig Doderlein (1855-1936): Some aspects of his life, research, and legacy SO SPIXIANA LA English DT Article ID MUSHROOM CORALS SCLERACTINIA; FUNGIIDAE; CONSEQUENCES; ASSEMBLAGES; INDONESIA; THAILAND; PATTERNS; GULF; SEA AB Scholz, J., Hoeksema, B. W., Pawson, D. L. & Ruthensteiner, B. 2012. Ludwig Doderlein (1855-1936): Some aspects of his life, research, and legacy. Spixiana 35(2): 177-191. The German zoologist and palaeontologist Ludwig Heinrich Philipp Doderlein (1855-1936) was one of the foremost echinoderm researchers of his time. Self-taught in many subjects of natural science, he had risen from provincial obscurity to international fame. Thanks to the efforts of a Japanese research team, it has become apparent that Doderlein was probably the most important pioneer of marine biology research in Japan. After his 1879-81 stay at the University of Tokyo, he remained internationally well-connected throughout his professional life. Yet, in his last two decades, he looked back on his early struggles not with self-satisfaction but with bitterness. He spent much of the rest of his life trying to regain the collections he had to leave behind when he was forced to leave Strasbourg in 1919. This article is not a comprehensive study of the life and work of Ludwig Doderlein. We present some aspects of: a) his life history; b) his echinoderm research; c) his contributions to evolutionary biology, with the coral genus Fungia as an example; and d) his achievements in building up and promoting biological collections. The latter is illustrated by the Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (ZSM), being second only to the Zoological Museum of Strasbourg in the diversity of Doderlein specimens that survived the perils of two world wars. This all is supplemented by the first comprehensive bibliography of studies by Doderlein. C1 [Scholz, Joachim] Senckenberg Forsch Inst & Naturmuseen, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. [Hoeksema, Bert W.] Nat Biodivers Ctr, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Pawson, David L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Ruthensteiner, Bernhard] Zool Staatssammlung Munchen, D-81247 Munich, Germany. RP Scholz, J (reprint author), Senckenberg Forsch Inst & Naturmuseen, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. EM joachim.scholz@senckenberg.de; bert.hoeksema@naturalis.nl; pawsond@si.edu; BRuthensteiner@zsm.mwn.de RI Hoeksema, Bert/B-2973-2010 OI Hoeksema, Bert/0000-0001-8259-3783 NR 142 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU VERLAG DR FRIEDRICH PFEIL PI MUNICH PA WOLFRATSHAUSER STRASSE 27, MUNICH, D-81379, GERMANY SN 0341-8391 J9 SPIXIANA JI Spixiana PD DEC PY 2012 VL 35 IS 2 BP 177 EP 191 PG 15 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA 068PA UT WOS:000313377400002 ER PT J AU McNiven, IJ David, B Richards, T Rowe, C Leavesley, M Mialanes, J Connaughton, SP Barker, B Aplin, K Asmussen, B Faulkner, P Ulm, S AF McNiven, Ian J. David, Bruno Richards, Thomas Rowe, Cassandra Leavesley, Matthew Mialanes, Jerome Connaughton, Sean P. Barker, Bryce Aplin, Ken Asmussen, Brit Faulkner, Patrick Ulm, Sean TI LAPITA ON THE SOUTH COAST OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA: CHALLENGING NEW HORIZONS IN PACIFIC ARCHAEOLOGY Response SO AUSTRALIAN ARCHAEOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID POTTERY; COLONIZATION; SETTLEMENT C1 [McNiven, Ian J.; David, Bruno; Richards, Thomas; Rowe, Cassandra; Mialanes, Jerome] Monash Univ, Sch Geog & Environm Sci, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Leavesley, Matthew] Univ Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby, Papua N Guinea. [Connaughton, Sean P.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Archaeol, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Barker, Bryce] Univ So Queensland, Sch Humanities & Commun, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. [Aplin, Ken] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Asmussen, Brit] Queensland Museum, Brisbane, Qld 4101, Australia. [Asmussen, Brit; Faulkner, Patrick] Univ Queensland, Sch Social Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Ulm, Sean] James Cook Univ, Sch Arts & Social Sci, Dept Anthropol Archaeol & Sociol, Cairns, Qld 4870, Australia. RP McNiven, IJ (reprint author), Monash Univ, Sch Geog & Environm Sci, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. EM ian.mcniven@monash.edu; bruno.david@monash.edu; thomas.richards@monash.edu; matthew.leavesley@gmail.com; jerome.mialanes@monash.edu; spconnau@sfu.ca; bryce.barker@usq.edu.au; aplink@si.edu; brit.asmussen@qm.qld.gov.au; plaulkner@uq.edu.au; sean.ulm@jcu.edu.au RI Ulm, Sean/A-3854-2010; James Cook University, TESS/B-8171-2012; Rowe, Cassandra/M-6009-2015 OI Ulm, Sean/0000-0001-6653-9963; Rowe, Cassandra/0000-0001-8938-5733 NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AUSTRALIAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSOC INC PI BRISBANE PA C/O IAN LILLEY (SECRETARY), UNIT ABORIGINAL & TORRES STRAIT ISLANDER STUDIES, UNIV OF QUEENSLAND, BRISBANE, QLD 4072, AUSTRALIA SN 0312-2417 J9 AUST ARCHAEOL JI Austral. Archaeol. PD DEC PY 2012 IS 75 BP 16 EP 22 PG 7 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA 068PD UT WOS:000313377800008 ER PT J AU Hoving, HJT Vecchione, M AF Hoving, H. J. T. Vecchione, M. TI Mating Behavior of a Deep-Sea Squid Revealed by in situ Videography and the Study of Archived Specimens SO BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID REPRODUCTIVE-SYSTEM; DOSIDICUS-GIGAS; AFRICAN WATERS; GIANT-SQUID; CEPHALOPODA; OCTOPOTEUTHIDAE; OEGOPSIDA; BIOLOGY AB The mating behavior of deep-sea squids is shrouded in mystery. The squids for which mating has been observed use a hectocotylus, a modified arm, for the transfer of sperm packets called spermatophores. However, many deep-sea squid species lack a hectocotylus. We present the first in situ observations of mating behavior in a deep-sea squid that has no hectocotylus but instead uses an elongated terminal organ for the transfer of spermatangia, which are released from the spermatophores and burrow deeply into the female tissue. With remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), we observed two mating pairs of the deep-sea squid Pholidoteuthis adami in the Gulf of Mexico. The male adopted a peculiar position during mating, with its ventral side up and its posterior mantle above the female's head. While the male held the female in what looked, like a firm grip, we observed the long terminal organ extending through the funnel of the male, contacting the female dorsal mantle. Examinations of museum specimens show that spermatangia burrow from the outer dorsal mantle into the inner dorsal mantle. This combination of serendipitous in situ observations and archived specimens can be a powerful tool for understanding the behavior of deep-sea animals. C1 [Hoving, H. J. T.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. [Vecchione, M.] Smithsonian Inst, NMFS Natl Systemat Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Hoving, HJT (reprint author), Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. EM hjhoving@mbari.org FU David and Lucile Packard Foundation; Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); Schure-Beijerinck-Popping-Funds FX We are grateful to Ian MacDonald for providing the 2006 observations and to Richard E. Young and Bruce Robison for their feedback on an earlier version of this manuscript. HJH received research funding from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), and the Schure-Beijerinck-Popping-Funds. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 18 PU MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY PI WOODS HOLE PA 7 MBL ST, WOODS HOLE, MA 02543 USA SN 0006-3185 J9 BIOL BULL-US JI Biol. Bull. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 223 IS 3 BP 263 EP 267 PG 5 WC Biology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 068TR UT WOS:000313389600004 PM 23264472 ER PT J AU Collin, R Spangler, A AF Collin, Rachel Spangler, Abby TI Impacts of Adelphophagic Development on Variation in Offspring Size, Duration of Development, and Temperature-Mediated Plasticity SO BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID MARINE-INVERTEBRATES; CALYPTRAEID GASTROPODS; LIFE-HISTORIES; HATCHING SIZE; EGG SIZE; SEX-CHANGE; EMBRYOS; CAENOGASTROPODA; ENVIRONMENTS; REPRODUCTION AB Adelphophagic development, where embryos consume sibling embryos or nurse eggs, is particularly common in marine caenogastropods and some families of polychaetes. When exogenous nutrition is provided before hatching, egg size and hatching size can be uncoupled, but advantages and constraints of adelphophagic development compared to development from large eggs are unknown. Here we examine temperature-mediated plasticity in offspring size, brooding duration, and fecundity in the adelphophagic marine gastropod Crepidula cf. onyx. We use these data combined with previously published data on two planktotrophic Crepidula and two Crepidula species that develop from large eggs to test hypotheses about the consequences of adelphophagic development and patterns of variation in offspring size. In Crepidula cf. onyx, egg size shows no significant effect of temperature. Hatching size is significantly larger at 28 degrees C than at 23 degrees C but proceeds from fewer eggs per capsule at 28 degrees C. Hatching size is therefore decoupled from both egg size and the number of eggs per capsule. Although development is faster at the higher temperature, broods are produced roughly every 26-27 days at both temperatures. Increased rate of development has been cited as a potential advantage of adelphophagic development in muricids, but the adelphophagic C. cf. onyx did not develop more quickly than C. atrasolea or C. ustulatulina, species that produce similarly sized hatchlings from large eggs. Comparisons across calyptraeid species support the role of adelphophagy in increasing variance in offspring size. This increased variability is primarily expressed within broods or among broods from the same female, not among females. C1 [Collin, Rachel; Spangler, Abby] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Collin, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. EM collinr@si.edu OI Collin, Rachel/0000-0001-5103-4460 FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; United States National Science Foundation [IOS-1019727] FX We thank Maricela Salazar, Matt Starr, Anabell Cornejo, and Abraham Osorio for their help with animal maintenance and measurements. Members of the Collin Lab discussion group commented on previous versions of the manuscript. This project was supported, by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, and grant IOS-1019727 from the United States National Science Foundation. NR 47 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 25 PU MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY PI WOODS HOLE PA 7 MBL ST, WOODS HOLE, MA 02543 USA SN 0006-3185 J9 BIOL BULL-US JI Biol. Bull. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 223 IS 3 BP 268 EP 277 PG 10 WC Biology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 068TR UT WOS:000313389600005 PM 23264473 ER PT J AU Hernandez, JE Bolanos, JA Palazon, JL Hernandez, G Lira, C Baeza, JA AF Hernandez, J. E. Bolanos, J. A. Palazon, J. L. Hernandez, G. Lira, C. Antonio Baeza, J. TI The Enigmatic Life History of the Symbiotic Crab Tunicotheres moseri (Crustacea, Brachyura, Pinnotheridae): Implications for Its Mating System and Population Structure SO BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID SPONGE-DWELLING SHRIMPS; URCHIN TETRAPYGUS-NIGER; EXTENDED PARENTAL CARE; ACTIVE BROOD CARE; HOST USE PATTERN; PEA CRAB; LIOPETROLISTHES-MITRA; LARVAL DEVELOPMENT; DECAPODA; BEHAVIOR AB Resource-monopolization theory predicts the adoption of a solitary habit in species using scarce; discrete, and small refuges. Life-history theory suggests that temporarily stable parental dwellings favor extended parental care in species that brood embryos. We tested these two predictions with the symbiotic crab Tunicotheres moseri. This species exhibits abbreviated development and inhabits the atrial chamber of the scarce, structurally simple, long-lived, and relatively small ascidian Phalusia nigra in the Caribbean. These host characteristics should favor a solitary habit and extended parental care (EPC) in T. moseri. As predicted, males and females of T. moseri inhabited ascidians solitarily with greater frequency than expected by chance alone. The male-female association pattern and reverse sexual dimorphism (males < females) additionally suggests a promiscuous "pure-search" mating system in T. moseri. Also in agreement with theoretical considerations, T. moseri displays EPC; in addition to embryos, females naturally retain larval stages, megalopae, and juveniles within their brooding pouches. This is the first record of EPC in a symbiotic crab and the second confirmed record of EPC in a marine brachyuran crab. This study supports predictions central to resource-monopolization and life-history theories. C1 [Hernandez, J. E.; Bolanos, J. A.; Palazon, J. L.; Hernandez, G.; Lira, C.] Univ Oriente, Grp Invest Carcinol, Escuela Ciencias Aplicadas Mar, Nucleo Nueva Esparta, Isla Margarita, Venezuela. [Antonio Baeza, J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Antonio Baeza, J.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Norfolk, VA 23435 USA. [Antonio Baeza, J.] Univ Catolica Norte, Dept Biol Marina, Fac Ciencias Mar, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile. RP Baeza, JA (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn, 701 Seaway Dr, Ft Pierce, FL USA. EM baezaa@si.edu FU Research Council of the Universidad de Oriente, Nncleo Nueva Esparta FX JEH deeply thanks members of the Grupo de Investigacion en Carcinologia at Universidad de Oriente, Miele Nueva Esparta, for their invaluable support during many stages of this study. Thanks to the Research Council of the Universidad de Oriente, Nncleo Nueva Esparta, for funding. This project was done in partial fulfillment of requirements for the Master in Science degree at the Instituto Oceanografico de Venezuela. We greatly thank Rebbeca Squibbs for comments and careful editing of the English in this manuscript. Many thanks to Dr. Maria Byrne and three anonymous reviewers whose comments substantially improved this manuscript. This is contribution number 899 of the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce. NR 56 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 19 PU MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY PI WOODS HOLE PA 7 MBL ST, WOODS HOLE, MA 02543 USA SN 0006-3185 J9 BIOL BULL-US JI Biol. Bull. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 223 IS 3 BP 278 EP 290 PG 13 WC Biology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 068TR UT WOS:000313389600006 PM 23264474 ER PT J AU Potts, R AF Potts, Richard TI Environmental and Behavioral Evidence Pertaining to the Evolution of Early Homo SO CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLIOPLEISTOCENE AFRICAN CLIMATE; EARLIEST STONE TOOLMAKERS; RAW-MATERIAL SELECTIVITY; LATE PLIOCENE; EAST-AFRICA; PALEOSOL CARBONATES; OLDUVAI GORGE; TURKANA BASIN; VARIABILITY SELECTION; ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES AB East African paleoenvironmental data increasingly inform an understanding of environmental dynamics. This understanding focuses less on habitat reconstructions at specific sites than on the regional trends, tempo, and amplitudes of climate and habitat change. Sole reliance on any one indicator, such as windblown dust or lake sediments, gives a bias toward strong aridity or high moisture as the driving force behind early human evolution. A synthesis of geological data instead offers a new paleoenvironmental framework in which alternating intervals of high and low climate variability provided the dynamic context in which East African Homo evolved. The Oldowan behavioral record presents further clues about how early Homo and Homo erectus responded to East African environmental change. Shifting conditions of natural selection, which were triggered by climatic variability, helped shape the adaptability of Oldowan hominins. Together, the behavioral and environmental evidence indicates the initial adaptive foundation for the dispersal of H. erectus and the persistence of Homo. In particular, overall dietary expansion made possible by the making and transport of stone tools compensated for increased locomotor and foraging costs and provided effective behavioral-ecological responses to resource instability during the early evolution of Homo. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Human Origins Program, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Potts, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Human Origins Program, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM pottsr@si.edu NR 119 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 92 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0011-3204 J9 CURR ANTHROPOL JI Curr. Anthropol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 53 SU 6 BP S299 EP S317 DI 10.1086/667704 PG 19 WC Anthropology SC Anthropology GA 069AI UT WOS:000313406900004 ER PT J AU Mendelson, JR Mulcahy, DG Snell, S Acevedo, ME Campbell, JA AF Mendelson, Joseph R., III Mulcahy, Daniel G. Snell, Sara Acevedo, Manuel E. Campbell, Jonathan A. TI A New Golden Toad (Bufonidae: Incilius) from Northwestern Guatemala and Chiapas, Mexico SO JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BUFO-VALLICEPS; ANURA AB We describe Incilius aurarius sp. nov., a new species of toad known from several localities on the humid Caribbean slopes of the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes in Huehuetenango, Guatemala, and adjacent highlands of Chiapas, Mexico. This species previously has been confused with populations of Incilius valliceps and Incilius macrocristatus. The new species is morphologically similar to the Mexican species I. macrocristatus but differs by having less prominent crests, a distinctive golden,coloration in the males, and the absence of vocal slits. C1 [Mendelson, Joseph R., III] Zoo Atlanta, Dept Herpetol, Atlanta, GA 30315 USA. [Mendelson, Joseph R., III; Snell, Sara] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Biol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Mulcahy, Daniel G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Acevedo, Manuel E.] Univ San Carlos, Escuela Biol, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Campbell, Jonathan A.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Biol, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. RP Mendelson, JR (reprint author), Zoo Atlanta, Dept Herpetol, 800 Cherokee Ave SE, Atlanta, GA 30315 USA. EM j.mendelson@zooatlanta.org; mulcahyd@si.edu; sara.snell@gatech.edu; manuelaceved@gmail.com; campbell@uta.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-9705277, 0613802, 0102383] FX We are grateful to all of the field companions who ventured into the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes at one time or another with JAC or MEA: E. N. Smith, E. D. Brodie Jr., R. A. Nussbaum, M. V. Centeno, M. Sasa, V. McKenzie, and I. M. Asmundsson. A. Thompson prepared the photographs in Figure 2. P. Walker provided information regarding L campbelli in the Maya Mountains of Belize, and T. Pierson allowed permission to reproduce his photograph in Figure 1C. This paper is based on work supported by the National Science Foundation (DEB-9705277, 0613802, 0102383) to JAC. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU SOC STUDY AMPHIBIANS REPTILES PI ST LOUIS PA C/O ROBERT D ALDRIDGE, ST LOUIS UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 3507 LACLEDE, ST LOUIS, MO 63103 USA SN 0022-1511 J9 J HERPETOL JI J. Herpetol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 46 IS 4 BP 473 EP 479 DI 10.1670/11-140 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 068VN UT WOS:000313394400007 ER PT J AU Ivanova, MA Krot, AN Nagashima, K MacPherson, GJ AF Ivanova, Marina A. Krot, Alexander N. Nagashima, Kazuhide MacPherson, Glenn J. TI Compound ultrarefractory CAI-bearing inclusions from CV3 carbonaceous chondrites SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN ISOTOPIC COMPOSITIONS; ALUMINUM-RICH INCLUSIONS; ALLENDE METEORITE; REFRACTORY INCLUSIONS; SOLAR NEBULA; MURCHISON METEORITE; TRACE-ELEMENTS; EFREMOVKA; FRACTIONATION; PEROVSKITE AB Two compound calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs), 3N from the oxidized CV chondrite Northwest Africa (NWA) 3118 and 33E from the reduced CV chondrite Efremovka, contain ultrarefractory (UR) inclusions. 3N is a forsterite-bearing type B (FoB) CAI that encloses UR inclusion 3N-24 composed of Zr,Sc,Y-rich oxides, Y-rich perovskite, and Zr,Sc-rich Al,Ti-diopside. 33E contains a fluffy type A (FTA) CAI and UR CAI 33E-1, surrounded by Wark-Lovering rim layers of spinel, Al-diopside, and forsterite, and a common forsterite-rich accretionary rim. 33E-1 is composed of Zr,Sc,Y-rich oxides, Y-rich perovskite, Zr,Sc,Y-rich pyroxenes (Al,Ti-diopside, Sc-rich pyroxene), and gehlenite. 3N-24s UR oxides and Zr,Sc-rich Al,Ti-diopsides are 16O-poor (Delta 17O approximately -2 parts per thousand to -5 parts per thousand). Spinel in 3N-24 and spinel and Al-diopside in the FoB CAI are 16O-rich (Delta 17O approximately -23 +/- 2 parts per thousand). 33E-1s UR oxides and Zr,Sc-rich Al,Ti- diopsides are 16O-depleted (Delta 17O approximately -2 parts per thousand to -5 parts per thousand) vs. Al,Ti-diopside of the FTA CAI and spinel (?17O approximately -23 +/- 2 parts per thousand), and Wark-Lovering rim Al,Ti-diopside (?17O approximately -7 parts per thousand to -19 parts per thousand). We infer that the inclusions experienced multistage formation in nebular regions with different oxygen-isotope compositions. 3N-24 and 33E-1s precursors formed by evaporation/condensation above 1600 degrees C. 3N and 33Es precursors formed by condensation and melting (3N only) at significantly lower temperatures. 3N-24 and 3Ns precursors aggregated into a compound object and experienced partial melting and thermal annealing. 33E-1 and 33E avoided melting prior to and after aggregation. They acquired Wark-Lovering and common forsterite-rich accretionary rims, probably by condensation, followed by thermal annealing. We suggest 3N-24 and 33E-1 originated in a 16O-rich gaseous reservoir and subsequently experienced isotope exchange in a 16O-poor gaseous reservoir. Mechanism and timing of oxygen-isotope exchange remain unclear. C1 [Ivanova, Marina A.] Russian Acad Sci, Vernadsky Inst Geochem, Moscow, Russia. [Ivanova, Marina A.; MacPherson, Glenn J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Krot, Alexander N.; Nagashima, Kazuhide] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Ivanova, MA (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Vernadsky Inst Geochem, Moscow, Russia. EM meteorite2000@mail.ru FU NASA [NNX07AJ05G, NNX07SI81G, NNX08AH91G, NNX08AH77G]; Russian Academy of Sciences [22]; [12-05-01161-a] FX We thank N. N. Kononkova (Vernadsky Institute) for her assistance in determination of mineral chemistry of CAIs, and D. Korost (Moscow State University) for his help in searching CAIs using CatScan. We also thank J. I. Simon, J. Aleon, and Associate Editor E. R. D. Scott for their fruitful reviews that helped to improve this paper. This work was supported by NASA grants NNX07AJ05G (G. J. MacPherson, P. I.), NNX07SI81G and NNX08AH91G (A. N. Krot, P. I.), and NNX08AH77G (K. Nagashima, P. I.) and Program 22 of Russian Academy of Sciences and grant 12-05-01161-a. This is Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology publication No. 1993 and School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology publication No. 8799. NR 42 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 47 IS 12 BP 2107 EP 2127 DI 10.1111/maps.12031 PG 21 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 076VC UT WOS:000313985800017 ER PT J AU Bullock, ES MacPherson, GJ Nagashima, K Krot, AN Petaev, MI Jacobsen, SB Ulyanov, AA AF Bullock, Emma S. MacPherson, Glenn J. Nagashima, Kazuhide Krot, Alexander N. Petaev, Michail I. Jacobsen, Stein B. Ulyanov, Alexander A. TI Forsterite-bearing type B refractory inclusions from CV3 chondrites: From aggregates to volatilized melt droplets SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ALUMINUM-RICH INCLUSIONS; SOLAR NEBULA; CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITES; CHONDRULES; ALLENDE; CONSTRAINTS; EVOLUTION; VIGARANO; OLIVINE; FRACTIONATION AB Detailed petrologic and oxygen isotopic analysis of six forsterite-bearing Type B calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (FoBs) from CV3 chondrites indicates that they formed by varying degrees of melting of primitive precursor material that resembled amoeboid olivine aggregates. A continuous evolutionary sequence exists between those objects that experienced only slight partial melting or sintering through objects that underwent prolonged melting episodes. In most cases, melting was accompanied by surface evaporative loss of magnesium and silicon. This loss resulted in outer margins that are very different in composition from the cores, so much so that in some cases, the mantles contain mineral assemblages that are petrologically incompatible with those in the cores. The precursor objects for these FoBs had a range of bulk compositions and must therefore have formed under varying conditions if they condensed from a solar composition gas. Five of the six objects show small degrees of mass-dependent oxygen isotopic fractionation in pyroxene, spinel, and olivine, consistent with the inferred melt evaporation, but there are no consistent differences among the three phases. Forsterite, spinel, and pyroxene are 16O-rich with Delta 17O similar to -24 parts per thousand in all FoBs. Melilite and anorthite show a range of Delta 17O from -17 parts per thousand to -1 parts per thousand C1 [Bullock, Emma S.; MacPherson, Glenn J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Nagashima, Kazuhide; Krot, Alexander N.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Petaev, Michail I.; Jacobsen, Stein B.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ulyanov, Alexander A.] MV Lomosonov Moscow State Univ, Moscow 119995, Russia. RP Bullock, ES (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM bullocke@si.edu RI Jacobsen, Stein/B-1759-2013 FU NASA [NNX11AD43G, NNX07AJ05G, NNX10AH76G, NNX08AH79G, NNX11AK82G] FX This work was supported by NASA grants NNX11AD43G and NNX07AJ05G (GJM), NNX10AH76G (ANK), NNX08AH79G (MP), and NNX11AK82G (SBJ). We thank Drs. Andrew Davis, Kevin McKeegan, and Frank Richter for many useful discussions that helped us to understand melt evaporation and "the Vigarano 1623-5 problem." Finally, we are indebted to Drs. Steve Simon, Shoichi Itoh, and Associate Editor Ed Scott for helpful and constructive reviews that greatly improved the manuscript. NR 40 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 47 IS 12 BP 2128 EP 2147 DI 10.1111/j.1945-5100.2012.01396.x PG 20 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 076VC UT WOS:000313985800018 ER PT J AU Brenes-Arguedas, T AF Brenes-Arguedas, Tania TI Leaf damage and density-dependent effects on six Inga species in a neotropical forest SO REVISTA DE BIOLOGIA TROPICAL LA English DT Article DE density-dependence; herbivory; Inga; Janzen-Connell hypothesis; Panama ID TROPICAL FORESTS; RAIN-FOREST; DISTANCE-DEPENDENCE; SEEDLING DYNAMICS; HOST-SPECIFICITY; TREE COMMUNITY; DIVERSITY; HERBIVORY; PATTERNS; RECRUITMENT AB Many models have been proposed to explain the possible role of pests in the coexistence of a high diversity of plant species in tropical forests. Prominent among them is the. Janzen-Connell model. This model suggests that specialized herbivores and pathogens limit tree recruitment as a function of their density or proximity to conspecifics. A large number of studies have tested the predictions of this model with respect to patterns of recruitment and mortality at different life stages, yet only a few have directly linked those density- or distance-dependent effects to pest attack. If pest-attack is an important factor in density- or distance-dependent mortality, there should be spatial heterogeneity in pest pressure. I studied the spatial distribution of leaf damage in saplings of six common Inga species (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae) in the 50ha forest dynamic plot of Barro Colorado Island, Panama. The percent leaf damage of Inga saplings was not heterogeneous in space, and the density of conspecific, congener or confamilial neighbors was uncorrelated with the observed damage levels in focal plants. One of the focal species did suffer density-dependent mortality, suggesting that spatial variation in plant performance in these species is not directly driven by leaf damaging agents. While multiple studies suggest that density-dependent effects on performance are common in tropical plant communities, our understanding of the mechanisms that drive those effects is still incomplete and the underlying assumption that these patterns result from differential herbivore attack deserves more scrutiny. Rev. Biol. Trop. 60 (4): 1503-1512. Epub 2012 December 01. C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Brenes-Arguedas, T (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, POB 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. EM brenest@si.edu FU Center for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS); NSF [DEB-0407653] FX This research was funded by a Center for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS) research fellowship and NSF DEB-0407653. I thank the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute for permits and logistic support; and the CTFS, Richard Condit, Stephen Hubble, Robin Foster, Suzanne Lao and Rolando Perez for making the BCI plot census data available for researchers. I thank Fred Adler and Richard Condit for valuable comments on the data analysis, Lissy Coley and two anonymous reviewers for comments on the manuscript. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 28 PU REVISTA DE BIOLOGIA TROPICAL PI SAN JOSE PA UNIVERSIDAD DE COSTA RICA CIUDAD UNIVERSITARIA, SAN JOSE, 00000, COSTA RICA SN 0034-7744 J9 REV BIOL TROP JI Rev. Biol. Trop. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 60 IS 4 BP 1503 EP 1512 PG 10 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 083DZ UT WOS:000314444200008 PM 23342505 ER PT J AU Stewart, RA Pelican, KM Crosier, AE Pukazhenthi, BS Wildt, DE Ottinger, MA Howard, J AF Stewart, Rosemary A. Pelican, Katharine M. Crosier, Adrienne E. Pukazhenthi, Budhan S. Wildt, David E. Ottinger, Mary Ann Howard, JoGayle TI Oral Progestin Priming Increases Ovarian Sensitivity to Gonadotropin Stimulation and Improves Luteal Function in the Cat SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE corpus luteum; ovary; progesterone ID LAPAROSCOPIC ARTIFICIAL-INSEMINATION; HUMAN CHORIONIC-GONADOTROPIN; FROZEN-THAWED SPERMATOZOA; IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; FECAL STEROID ANALYSES; DOMESTIC CAT; EXOGENOUS GONADOTROPINS; ASSISTED REPRODUCTION; EMBRYONIC MORTALITY; ESTROUS-CYCLE AB As the only domesticated species known to exhibit both induced and spontaneous ovulation, the cat is a model for understanding the nuances of ovarian control. To explore ovarian sensitivity to exogenous gonadotropins and the influence of progestin priming, we conducted a study of queens that were down-regulated with oral progestin or allowed to cycle normally, followed by low or high doses of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Our metrics included 1) fecal steroid metabolite profiles before and after ovulation induction, 2) laparoscopic examination of ovarian follicles and corpora lutea (CL) on Days 2 and 17 (Day 0 = hCG administration), and 3) ovariohysterectomy (Day 17) to assess CL progesterone concentrations, morphometrics, and histology. Reproductive tracts from time-matched, naturally mated queens (n = 6) served as controls. Every progestin-primed cat (n = 12) produced the desired response of morphologically similar, fresh CL (regardless of eCG/hCG dose) by Day 2, whereas 41.7% of unprimed counterparts (n = 12) failed to ovulate or had variable-aged CL suggestive of prior spontaneous ovulation (P < 0.05). The ovarian response to low, but not high, eCG/hCG was improved (P < 0.05) in primed compared to unprimed cats, indicating increased sensitivity to gonadotropin in the progestin-primed ovary. Progestin priming prevented hyperelevated fecal steroid metabolites and normalized CL progesterone capacity, but only when combined with low eCG/hCG. However, priming failed to prevent ancillary CL formation, smaller CL mass, or abnormal luteal cell density, which were common to all eCG/hCG-treated cats. Thus, the domestic cat exposed to eCG/hCG produces CL with structural and functional aberrations. These anomalies can be partially mitigated by progestin priming, possibly due to a protective effect of progestin associated with enhanced ovarian sensitivity to gonadotropins. C1 [Stewart, Rosemary A.; Pelican, Katharine M.; Crosier, Adrienne E.; Pukazhenthi, Budhan S.; Wildt, David E.; Howard, JoGayle] Ctr Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Ottinger, Mary Ann] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Wildt, DE (reprint author), Ctr Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM wildtd@si.edu FU National Institutes of Health [K01RR017310]; Friends of the National Zoo; University of Maryland Department of Animal and Avian Sciences FX Supported by the National Institutes of Health (K01RR017310 to K. M. P.), Friends of the National Zoo, and the University of Maryland Department of Animal and Avian Sciences. Research was conducted in partial fulfillment of Ph.D. requirements for R. A. S. at the University of Maryland. NR 76 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 11 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1691 MONROE ST,SUITE # 3, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 EI 1529-7268 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 87 IS 6 AR 137 DI 10.1095/biolreprod.112.104190 PG 11 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 080ID UT WOS:000314234100010 PM 23100619 ER PT J AU Dorr, LJ AF Dorr, L. J. TI Apeiba trombetensis (Malvaceae: Grewioideae), a new species from northern Brazil SO BRITTONIA LA English DT Article DE Apeiba; Brazil; Grewioideae; Malvaceae ID TILIACEAE; FORESTS; BAUXITE; RESTORATION; AMAZON; POLLEN; LANDS AB Apeiba trombetensis is described from northern Brazil, illustrated, and distinguished from related species. It is remarkable for its tetramerous calyx, sepal pubescence, and its large, globose capsules with stout spines. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Dorr, LJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC-166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM dorrl@si.edu NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0007-196X J9 BRITTONIA JI Brittonia PD DEC PY 2012 VL 64 IS 4 BP 374 EP 380 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 080TA UT WOS:000314265000007 ER PT J AU Wise, MA Francis, CA Cerny, P AF Wise, Michael A. Francis, Carl A. Cerny, Petr TI COMPOSITIONAL AND STRUCTURAL VARIATIONS IN COLUMBITE-GROUP MINERALS FROM GRANITIC PEGMATITES OF THE BRUNSWICK AND OXFORD FIELDS, MAINE: DIFFERENTIAL TRENDS IN F-POOR AND F-RICH ENVIRONMENTS SO CANADIAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article DE columbite-group minerals; granitic pegmatite; compositional trends; fluorine; Brunswick field; Orford field; Maine ID TANTALUM MINERALIZATION; TA; NB; MELTS; FRACTIONATION; SOLUBILITY; GEOCHEMISTRY; CONSTRAINTS; EVOLUTION; DISTRICT AB The Coastal Lithotectonic Block of the Brunswick pegmatite field and the Central Maine Synclinorium of the Oxford pegmatite field, in Maine, are intruded by numerous rare-element granitic pegmatites that carry columbite-group minerals (CGM) as the principal (Nb,Ta)-bearing phases. Generally, the CGM from Maine are hosted by pegmatites characterized by a LCT (Li-Cs-Ta) geochemical signature and are infrequent in pegmatites with NYF (Nb-Y-F) characteristics (e. g., Topsham area of the Brunswick pegmatite field). Significant chemical-compositional and structural differences are observed between the CGM from the Brunswick and Oxford pegmatite fields. Columbite-group minerals from the Brunswick pegmatite field mainly consist of columbite-(Fe), commonly with elevated Ti and Mg contents. By comparison, pegmatites from the Oxford field carry columbite-(Fe), columbite-(Mn) and tantalite-(Mn) with low Ti and Mg contents. The structural state of CGM from the Brunswick pegmatite field ranges from highly cation-disordered to cation-ordered, in contrast to predominantly highly ordered CGM in the Oxford pegmatite field. Limited concurrent fractionation of Mn from Fe and Ta from Nb observed in the Brunswick pegmatite field is characteristic of F-poor environments in general, and of F-enriched pegmatites with high mu HF/mu alkF (stability field of topaz). However, the extensive Fe-Mn fractionation preceding moderate to strong enrichment in Ta is typical of the Oxford pegmatite field, and apparently promoted by lepidolite-generating environments with prominent chemical potential of alkali fluorides and low mu HF/mu alkF. This observation finds support in data on CGM from numerous other pegmatite populations worldwide. In contrast, the structural state of CGM does not seem to be linked to the activity of different forms of fluorine. The overall abundance, diversity and temporal extent of the volatile components were undoubtedly different in the two pegmatite fields under study, and were apparently enhanced in the more fractionated pegmatites of the Oxford pegmatite field. C1 [Wise, Michael A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Francis, Carl A.] Harvard Univ, Mineral Museum, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Cerny, Petr] Univ Manitoba, Dept Geol Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. RP Wise, MA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM wisem@si.edu FU Sprague endowment at the Smithsonian Institution FX The fieldwork for this study was supported by funds from the Sprague endowment at the Smithsonian Institution. We are grateful to the many miners and amateur collectors who supplied numerous samples and to the late Eugene Foord, who contributed several analytical data to this study. Lawrence Pitman kindly collected the X-ray diffraction data. The authors gratefully acknowledge Marieke Van Lichtervelde and Pavel Uher for their constructive reviews, which substantially improved the final version of the manuscript. We also thank editor-in-chief Robert F. Martin and guest editor Milan Novak for their editorial handling of this paper. NR 57 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 16 PU MINERALOGICAL ASSOC CANADA PI QUEBEC PA 490, RUE DE LA COURONNE, QUEBEC, QC G1K 9A9, CANADA SN 0008-4476 J9 CAN MINERAL JI Can. Mineral. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 50 IS 6 BP 1515 EP 1530 DI 10.3749/canmin.50.6.1515 PG 16 WC Mineralogy SC Mineralogy GA 081CY UT WOS:000314295200007 ER PT J AU Scaringi, S Kording, E Uttley, P Groot, PJ Knigge, C Still, M Jonker, P AF Scaringi, S. Kording, E. Uttley, P. Groot, P. J. Knigge, C. Still, M. Jonker, P. TI Broad-band timing properties of the accreting white dwarf MV Lyrae SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion discs; black hole physics; binaries: close; novae, cataclysmic variables; stars: oscillations; stars: individual: MV Lyrae ID QUASI-PERIODIC OSCILLATION; X-RAY BINARIES; CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; URSAE MAJORIS; SW SEXTANTIS; BLACK-HOLES; VARIABILITY; MODEL; DISKS AB We present a broad-band timing analysis of the accreting white dwarf system MV Lyrae based on data obtained with the Kepler satellite. The observations span 633 d at a cadence of 58.8 s and allow us to probe four orders of magnitude in temporal frequency. The modelling of the observed broad-band noise components is based on the superposition of multiple Lorentzian components, similar to the empirical modelling adopted for X-ray binary systems. We also present the detection of a frequency varying Lorentzian component in the light curve of MV Lyrae, where the Lorentzian characteristic frequency is inversely correlated with the mean source flux. Because in the literature similar broad-band noise components have been associated with either the viscous or dynamical time-scale for different source types (accreting black holes or neutron stars), we here systematically explore both scenarios and place constraints on the accretion disc structure. In the viscous case we employ the fluctuating accretion disc model to infer parameters for the viscosity and disc scale height, and infer uncomfortably high parameters to be accommodated by the standard thin disc, whilst in the dynamical case we infer a large accretion disc truncation radius of approximate to 10R(WD). More importantly however, the phenomenological properties between the broad-band variability observed here and in X-ray binaries and active galactic nuclei are very similar, potentially suggesting a common origin for the broad-band variability. C1 [Scaringi, S.; Kording, E.; Groot, P. J.; Jonker, P.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Uttley, P.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Knigge, C.] Univ Southampton, Dept Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Still, M.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Still, M.] Bay Area Environm Res Inst Inc, Sonoma, CA 95476 USA. [Jonker, P.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, SRON, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Jonker, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Scaringi, S (reprint author), Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys IMAPP, POB 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. EM s.scaringi@astro.ru.nl RI Groot, Paul/K-4391-2016; OI Groot, Paul/0000-0002-4488-726X; Scaringi, Simone/0000-0001-5387-7189 FU NASA Science Mission directorate; NWO [600.065.140.08N306]; NASA [NNX11AB86G] FX This paper includes data collected by the Kepler mission. Funding for the Kepler mission is provided by the NASA Science Mission directorate. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services. SS acknowledges funding from NWO project 600.065.140.08N306 to PJG. MS acknowledges funding from the NASA grant NNX11AB86G. SS wishes to acknowledge G. Nelemans and A. Achterberg for useful and insightful discussions. NR 38 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 427 IS 4 BP 3396 EP 3405 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22022.x PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 082VQ UT WOS:000314421000011 ER PT J AU Anderson, L Aubourg, E Bailey, S Bizyaev, D Blanton, M Bolton, AS Brinkmann, J Brownstein, JR Burden, A Cuesta, AJ da Costa, LAN Dawson, KS de Putter, R Eisenstein, DJ Gunn, JE Guo, H Hamilton, JC Harding, P Ho, S Honscheid, K Kazin, E Kirkby, D Kneib, JP Labatie, A Loomis, C Lupton, RH Malanushenko, E Malanushenko, V Mandelbaum, R Manera, M Maraston, C McBride, CK Mehta, KT Mena, O Montesano, F Muna, D Nichol, RC Nuza, SE Olmstead, MD Oravetz, D Padmanabhan, N Palanque-Delabrouille, N Pan, KK Parejko, J Paris, I Percival, WJ Petitjean, P Prada, F Reid, B Roe, NA Ross, AJ Ross, NP Samushia, L Sanchez, AG Schlegel, DJ Schneider, DP Scoccola, CG Seo, HJ Sheldon, ES Simmons, A Skibba, RA Strauss, MA Swanson, MEC Thomas, D Tinker, JL Tojeiro, R Magana, MV Verde, L Wagner, C Wake, DA Weaver, BA Weinberg, DH White, M Xu, XY Yeche, C Zehavi, I Zhao, GB AF Anderson, Lauren Aubourg, Eric Bailey, Stephen Bizyaev, Dmitry Blanton, Michael Bolton, Adam S. Brinkmann, J. Brownstein, Joel R. Burden, Angela Cuesta, Antonio J. da Costa, Luiz A. N. Dawson, Kyle S. de Putter, Roland Eisenstein, Daniel J. Gunn, James E. Guo, Hong Hamilton, Jean-Christophe Harding, Paul Ho, Shirley Honscheid, Klaus Kazin, Eyal Kirkby, David Kneib, Jean-Paul Labatie, Antoine Loomis, Craig Lupton, Robert H. Malanushenko, Elena Malanushenko, Viktor Mandelbaum, Rachel Manera, Marc Maraston, Claudia McBride, Cameron K. Mehta, Kushal T. Mena, Olga Montesano, Francesco Muna, Demetri Nichol, Robert C. Nuza, Sebastian E. Olmstead, Matthew D. Oravetz, Daniel Padmanabhan, Nikhil Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie Pan, Kaike Parejko, John Paris, Isabelle Percival, Will J. Petitjean, Patrick Prada, Francisco Reid, Beth Roe, Natalie A. Ross, Ashley J. Ross, Nicholas P. Samushia, Lado Sanchez, Ariel G. Schlegel, David J. Schneider, Donald P. Scoccola, Claudia G. Seo, Hee-Jong Sheldon, Erin S. Simmons, Audrey Skibba, Ramin A. Strauss, Michael A. Swanson, Molly E. C. Thomas, Daniel Tinker, Jeremy L. Tojeiro, Rita Magana, Mariana Vargas Verde, Licia Wagner, Christian Wake, David A. Weaver, Benjamin A. Weinberg, David H. White, Martin Xu, Xiaoying Yeche, Christophe Zehavi, Idit Zhao, Gong-Bo TI The clustering of galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: baryon acoustic oscillations in the Data Release 9 spectroscopic galaxy sample SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE cosmological parameters; cosmology: observations; dark energy; distance scale; large-scale structure of Universe ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES; HALO OCCUPATION DISTRIBUTION; 2-POINT CORRELATION-FUNCTION; POWER-SPECTRUM ANALYSIS; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; SURVEY IMAGING DATA; COSMOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS; REDSHIFT SURVEY; DARK ENERGY AB We present measurements of galaxy clustering from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS), which is part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS-III). These use the Data Release 9 (DR9) CMASS sample, which contains 264 283 massive galaxies covering 3275 square degrees with an effective redshift z = 0.57 and redshift range 0.43 < z < 0.7. Assuming a concordance Lambda CDM cosmological model, this sample covers an effective volume of 2.2 Gpc(3), and represents the largest sample of the Universe ever surveyed at this density, (n) over bar approximate to 3 x 10(-4) h(-3) Mpc(3). We measure the angle-averaged galaxy correlation function and power spectrum, including density-field reconstruction of the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) feature. The acoustic features are detected at a significance of 5 sigma in both the correlation function and power spectrum. Combining with the SDSS-II luminous red galaxy sample, the detection significance increases to 6.7 sigma. Fitting for the position of the acoustic features measures the distance to z = 0.57 relative to the sound horizon D-V/r(s) = 13.67 +/ 0.22 at z = 0.57. Assuming a fiducial sound horizon of 153.19 Mpc, which matches cosmic microwave background constraints, this corresponds to a distance D-V (z = 0.57) = 2094 +/- 34 Mpc. At 1.7 per cent, this is the most precise distance constraint ever obtained from a galaxy survey. We place this result alongside previous BAO measurements in a cosmological distance ladder and find excellent agreement with the current supernova measurements. We use these distance measurements to constrain various cosmological models, finding continuing support for a flat Universe with a cosmological constant. C1 [Anderson, Lauren] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Aubourg, Eric; Hamilton, Jean-Christophe; Magana, Mariana Vargas] Univ Paris Diderot, APC Astroparticule & Cosmol, CEA Irfu, CNRS IN2P3,Observ Paris, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Bailey, Stephen; Ho, Shirley; Reid, Beth; Roe, Natalie A.; Ross, Nicholas P.; Schlegel, David J.; White, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bizyaev, Dmitry; Brinkmann, J.; Malanushenko, Elena; Malanushenko, Viktor; Oravetz, Daniel; Pan, Kaike; Simmons, Audrey] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. [Blanton, Michael; Muna, Demetri; Tinker, Jeremy L.; Weaver, Benjamin A.] NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Bolton, Adam S.; Brownstein, Joel R.; Dawson, Kyle S.; Olmstead, Matthew D.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Burden, Angela; Manera, Marc; Maraston, Claudia; Nichol, Robert C.; Percival, Will J.; Ross, Ashley J.; Samushia, Lado; Thomas, Daniel; Tojeiro, Rita] Univ Portsmouthnue, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Cuesta, Antonio J.; Padmanabhan, Nikhil; Parejko, John] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [da Costa, Luiz A. N.] Observ Nacl, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [da Costa, Luiz A. N.] Lab Interinst E Astron LineA, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [de Putter, Roland; Mena, Olga] Univ Valencia CSIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain. [de Putter, Roland; Wagner, Christian] Univ Barcelona IEEC UB, ICC, Barcelona 08028, Spain. [Eisenstein, Daniel J.; McBride, Cameron K.; Swanson, Molly E. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Gunn, James E.; Ho, Shirley; Lupton, Robert H.; Mandelbaum, Rachel] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Guo, Hong; Harding, Paul; Zehavi, Idit] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Astron, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Honscheid, Klaus] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Honscheid, Klaus] Ohio State Univ, CCAPP, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kazin, Eyal] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. [Kirkby, David] UC Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Kneib, Jean-Paul] Univ Aix Marseille, CNRS, Lab Astrophys Marseille, F-13388 Marseille 13, France. [Labatie, Antoine] Univ Paris 07, Lab Astroparticule & Cosmol, Paris, France. [Loomis, Craig; Mandelbaum, Rachel; Strauss, Michael A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Mehta, Kushal T.; Skibba, Ramin A.; Xu, Xiaoying] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Montesano, Francesco; Sanchez, Ariel G.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Nuza, Sebastian E.] Leibniz Inst Astrophys Potsdam AIP, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany. [Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie; Yeche, Christophe] CEA, Ctr Saclay, IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Paris, Isabelle; Petitjean, Patrick] Univ Paris 06, Inst Astrophys Paris, CNRS, UMR7095, F-75014 Paris, France. [Prada, Francisco] Campus Int Excellence UAM CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Prada, Francisco] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Inst Fis Teor UAM CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Prada, Francisco] Inst Astrofis Andalucia CSIC, E-18080 Granada, Spain. [Samushia, Lado] Ilia State Univ, Natl Abastumani Astrophys Observ, GE-1060 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Scoccola, Claudia G.] Inst Astrofis Canarias IAC, E-38200 Tenerife, Spain. [Scoccola, Claudia G.] Univ La Laguna ULL, Dpto Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain. [Seo, Hee-Jong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Ctr Cosmol Phys, LBL, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Seo, Hee-Jong] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sheldon, Erin S.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Verde, Licia] Univ Barcelona, ICREA, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Verde, Licia] Univ Barcelona, ICC UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Wake, David A.] Yale Univ, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, CCAPP, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [White, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [White, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Zhao, Gong-Bo] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. RP Schlegel, DJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM nikhil.padmanabhan@yale.edu; nikhil.padmanabhan@yale.edu; djschlegel@lbl.gov RI Mandelbaum, Rachel/N-8955-2014; Ho, Shirley/P-3682-2014; Kneib, Jean-Paul/A-7919-2015; Guo, Hong/J-5797-2015; White, Martin/I-3880-2015; OI Mandelbaum, Rachel/0000-0003-2271-1527; Ho, Shirley/0000-0002-1068-160X; Kneib, Jean-Paul/0000-0002-4616-4989; Guo, Hong/0000-0003-4936-8247; White, Martin/0000-0001-9912-5070; Kirkby, David/0000-0002-8828-5463; Cuesta Vazquez, Antonio Jose/0000-0002-4153-9470; Verde, Licia/0000-0003-2601-8770 FU UK Science and Technology Facilities Research Council; Leverhulme Trust; European Research Council; UK Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/I001204/1]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) [AYA2010-21766-C03-02]; NSF [AST-0707725, AST-0707266, AST-0901965]; NASA [NNX07AH11G, NNX11AF43G]; US Department of Energy Office of High Energy Physics [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Spanish MICINNs Consolider grant MultiDark [CSD2009-00064]; John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; University of Cambridge; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy Office of Science; NASA Office of Space Science FX WJP is grateful for support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Research Council, the Leverhulme Trust, and the European Research Council. AJR is grateful to the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council for financial support through the grant ST/I001204/1. CGS acknowledges funding from project AYA2010-21766-C03-02 of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN). DJE, XX, and KM were supported by NSF grant AST-0707725 and NASA grant NNX07AH11G. SH and DJS are supported by the US Department of Energy Office of High Energy Physics (DE-AC02-05CH11231). NP and AJC are partially supported by NASA grant NNX11AF43G. FP acknowledges support from the Spanish MICINNs Consolider grant MultiDark CSD2009-00064. MAS was supported by NSF grant AST-0707266. MECS was supported by the NSF under Award No. AST-0901965. MW thanks the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation for their support.; Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the US Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.; SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University.; We acknowledge the use of the Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data Analysis (LAMBDA). Support for LAMBDA is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science. NR 128 TC 364 Z9 364 U1 8 U2 49 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 427 IS 4 BP 3435 EP 3467 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22066.x PG 33 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 082VQ UT WOS:000314421000014 ER PT J AU Birzan, L Rafferty, DA Nulsen, PEJ McNamara, BR Rottgering, HJA Wise, MW Mittal, R AF Birzan, L. Rafferty, D. A. Nulsen, P. E. J. McNamara, B. R. Rottgering, H. J. A. Wise, M. W. Mittal, R. TI The duty cycle of radio-mode feedback in complete samples of clusters SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE radio continuum: galaxies; X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; X-RAY CAVITIES; DEEP CHANDRA OBSERVATION; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; FLUX-LIMITED SAMPLE; COOL-CORE CLUSTER; 20 GALAXY CLUSTERS; STAR-FORMATION; COLD FRONTS; VLA OBSERVATIONS AB The Chandra X-ray Observatory has revealed X-ray bubbles in the intracluster medium (ICM) of many nearby cooling-flow clusters. The bubbles trace feedback that is thought to couple the central active galactic nucleus (AGN) to the ICM, helping to stabilize cooling flows and govern the evolution of massive galaxies. However, the prevalence and duty cycle of such AGN outbursts is not well understood. To this end, we study how cooling is balanced by bubble heating for complete samples of clusters (the Brightest 55 clusters of galaxies, hereafter B55, and the HIghest X-ray FLUx Galaxy Cluster Sample, HIFLUGCS). We find that the radio luminosity of the central galaxy only exceeds 2.5 x 10(30) erg s(-1) Hz(-1) in cooling-flow clusters. This result implies a connection between the central radio source and the ICM, as expected if AGN feedback is operating. Additionally, we find a duty cycle for radio-mode feedback, the fraction of time that a system possesses bubbles inflated by its central radio source, of greater than or similar to 69 per cent for the B55 and greater than or similar to 63 per cent for the HIFLUGCS. These duty cycles are lower limits since some bubbles are likely missed in existing images. We used simulations to constrain the bubble power that might be present and remain undetected in the cooling-flow systems without detected bubbles. Among theses systems, almost all could have significant bubble power. Therefore, our results imply that the duty cycle of AGN outbursts with the potential to heat the gas significantly in cooling-flow clusters is at least 60 per cent and could approach 100 per cent. C1 [Birzan, L.; Rafferty, D. A.; Rottgering, H. J. A.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Nulsen, P. E. J.; McNamara, B. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [McNamara, B. R.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 2G1, Canada. [McNamara, B. R.] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada. [Wise, M. W.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Mittal, R.] Rochester Inst Technol, Chester F Carlson Ctr Imaging Sci, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. RP Birzan, L (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, Oort Gebouw,POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM birzan@strw.leidenuniv.nl OI Nulsen, Paul/0000-0003-0297-4493 FU Chandra X-ray grant [AR9-0018x]; NASA [NAS8-03060] FX LB's work at Pennsylvania State University was supported by Chandra X-ray grant AR9-0018x. PEJN's work was supported in part by NASA grant NAS8-03060. LB thanks George Pavlov and Niel Brandt for their support at Pennsylvania State University and J. Nevalainen and D. Eckert for useful discussions about the Ophiuchus Cluster. NR 230 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 427 IS 4 BP 3468 EP 3488 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22083.x PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 082VQ UT WOS:000314421000015 ER PT J AU Wolf, JA Fricker, GA Meyer, V Hubbell, SP Gillespie, TW Saatchi, SS AF Wolf, Jeffrey A. Fricker, Geoffrey A. Meyer, Victoria Hubbell, Stephen P. Gillespie, Thomas W. Saatchi, Sassan S. TI Plant Species Richness is Associated with Canopy Height and Topography in a Neotropical Forest SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE species richness; lidar; Barro Colorado Island; canopy height; topography ID TROPICAL FOREST; HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS; FLORISTIC COMPOSITION; DIVERSITY; SENSITIVITY; COMMUNITY; GRADIENTS; TREES; GAPS AB Most plant species are non-randomly distributed across environmental gradients in light, water, and nutrients. In tropical forests, these gradients result from biophysical processes related to the structure of the canopy and terrain, but how does species richness in tropical forests vary over such gradients, and can remote sensing capture this variation? Using airborne lidar, we tested the extent to which variation in tree species richness is statistically explained by lidar-measured structural variation in canopy height and terrain in the extensively studied, stem-mapped 50-ha plot on Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama. We detected differences in species richness associated with variation in canopy height and topography across spatial scales ranging from 0.01-ha to 1.0-ha. However, species richness was most strongly associated with structural variation at the 1.0-ha scale. We developed a predictive generalized least squares model of species richness at the 1.0-ha scale (R-2 = 0.479, RMSE = 8.3 species) using the mean and standard deviation of canopy height, mean elevation, and terrain curvature. The model demonstrates that lidar-derived measures of forest and terrain structure can capture a significant fraction of observed variation in tree species richness in tropical forests on local-scales. C1 [Wolf, Jeffrey A.; Hubbell, Stephen P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Fricker, Geoffrey A.; Gillespie, Thomas W.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Meyer, Victoria; Saatchi, Sassan S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Hubbell, Stephen P.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Balboa, Panama. RP Wolf, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM wolfjeff@ucla.edu; africker@ucla.edu; vic.meyer@gmail.com; shubbell@eeb.ucla.edu; tg@geog.ucla.edu; sassan.s.saatchi@jpl.nasa.gov FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; National Science Foundation [DEB-0939907, DEB-0640386, DEB-0425651, DEB-0346488, DEB-0129874, DEB-00753102, DEB-9909347, DEB-9615226, DEB-9405933, DEB-9221033, DEB-9100058, DEB-8906869, DEB-8605042, DEB-8206992, DEB-7922197]; Center for Tropical Forest Science; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; Mellon Foundation; Small World Institute Fund; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UCLA; Scholarly Studies Grant from the Smithsonian Institution; National Science Foundation Dimensions of Biodiversity grant [1050680] FX We thank Brant Faircloth, Jim Dalling, Abigail Curtis, and three anonymous reviewers for constructive criticism on this paper. The lidar data collection was made possible with financial support from Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and National Science Foundation (DEB-0939907) to Jim Dalling. The BCI forest dynamics research project was made possible by National Science Foundation grants to Stephen P. Hubbell: DEB-0640386, DEB-0425651, DEB-0346488, DEB-0129874, DEB-00753102, DEB-9909347, DEB-9615226, DEB-9615226, DEB-9405933, DEB-9221033, DEB-9100058, DEB-8906869, DEB-8605042, DEB-8206992, DEB-7922197, support from the Center for Tropical Forest Science, the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Mellon Foundation, the Small World Institute Fund, and numerous private individuals, and through the hard work of over 100 people from 10 countries over the past two decades. The plot project is part the Center for Tropical Forest Science, a global network of large-scale demographic tree plots. Jeffrey Wolf was financially supported by fellowships from the Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, UCLA while writing this paper and developed ideas for this paper while working on a project funded by a Scholarly Studies Grant from the Smithsonian Institution to Stephen P. Hubbell and Brant Faircloth. This research was also supported by a Graduate Distributed Seminar Series made possible by a National Science Foundation Dimensions of Biodiversity grant (1050680) to Sandy Andelman and Julia Parish. NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 39 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 4 IS 12 BP 4010 EP 4021 DI 10.3390/rs4124010 PG 12 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 075VI UT WOS:000313914800018 ER PT J AU Martini, M Dell'Agnello, S Currie, D Delle Monache, G Vittori, R Chandler, JF Cantone, C Boni, A Berardi, S Patrizi, G Maiello, M Garattini, M Lops, C March, R Bellettini, G Tauraso, R Intaglietta, N Tibuzzi, M Murphy, TW Bianco, G Ciocci, E AF Martini, M. Dell'Agnello, S. Currie, D. Delle Monache, G. Vittori, R. Chandler, J. F. Cantone, C. Boni, A. Berardi, S. Patrizi, G. Maiello, M. Garattini, M. Lops, C. March, R. Bellettini, G. Tauraso, R. Intaglietta, N. Tibuzzi, M. Murphy, T. W. Bianco, G. Ciocci, E. TI MoonLIGHT: A USA-Italy lunar laser ranging retroreflector array for the 21st century SO PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Scientific Preparations for Lunar Exploration CY FEB 06-07, 2012 CL ESA, ESTEC, Noordwijk, NETHERLANDS HO ESA, ESTEC DE Lunar laser ranging; Space test; Cube corner reflector; Laser technology; Test of geodetic precession ID MOON AB Since the 1970s Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) to the Apollo Cube Comer Retroreflector (CCR) arrays (developed by the University of Maryland, UMD) have supplied significant tests of General Relativity: possible changes in the gravitational constant, gravitational self-energy, weak equivalence principle, geodetic precession, inverse-square force-law. LLR has also provided significant information on the composition and origin of the Moon. This is the only Apollo experiment still in operation. In the 1970s Apollo LLR arrays contributed a negligible fraction of the ranging error budget Since the ranging capabilities of ground stations improved by more than two orders of magnitude, now, because of the lunar librations, Apollo CCR arrays dominate the error budget With the project MoonLIGHT (Moon Laser Instrumentation for General relativity High-accuracy Tests), in 2006 INFN-LNF joined UMD in the development and test of a new-generation LLR payload made by a single, large CCR (100 mm diameter) unaffected by librations. In particular, INFN-LNF built and is operating a new experimental apparatus (Satellite/lunar laser ranging Characterization Facility, SCF) and created a new industry-standard test procedure (SCF-Test) to characterize and model the detailed thermal behavior and the optical performance of CCRs in laboratory-simulated space conditions, for industrial and scientific applications. Our key experimental innovation is the concurrent measurement and modeling of the optical Far Field Diffraction Pattern (FFDP) and the temperature distribution of retroreflector payloads under thermal conditions produced with a solar simulator. The apparatus includes infrared cameras for non-invasive thermometry, thermal control and real-time payload movement to simulate satellite orientation on orbit with respect to solar illumination and laser interrogation beams. These capabilities provide: unique prelaunch performance validation of the space segment of LLR/SLR (Satellite Laser Ranging): retroreflector design optimization to maximize ranging efficiency and signal-to-noise conditions in daylight Results of the SCF-Test of our CCR payload will be presented. Negotiations are underway to propose our payload and SCF-Test services for precision gravity and lunar science measurements with next robotic lunar landing missions. We will describe the addition of the CCR optical Wavefront Fizeau Interferogram (WE) concurrently to FFDP/temperature measurements in the framework of an ASI-INFN project, ETRUSCO-2. The main goals of the latter are: development of a standard GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) laser Retroreflector Army; a second SCF: SCF-Test of Galileo, GPS and other 'as-built' GNSS retroreflector payloads. Results on analysis of Apollo LLR data and search of new gravitational physics with LLR, Mercury Radar Ranging will be presented. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Martini, M.; Dell'Agnello, S.; Delle Monache, G.; Cantone, C.; Boni, A.; Berardi, S.; Patrizi, G.; Maiello, M.; Garattini, M.; Lops, C.; March, R.; Bellettini, G.; Tauraso, R.; Intaglietta, N.; Tibuzzi, M.; Ciocci, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Rome, Italy. [Currie, D.] Univ Maryland UMD, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Currie, D.] NASA, Lunar Sci Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Vittori, R.] Aeronaut Mil Italiana, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Chandler, J. F.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys CfA, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Murphy, T. W.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Bianco, G.] Italian Space Agcy, Ctr Geodesia Spaziale G Colombo ASI CGS, I-75100 Matera, Italy. RP Martini, M (reprint author), Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, Via Enrico Fermi 40, I-00044 Rome, Italy. EM Manuele.Martini@Inf.infn.it OI Bianco, Giuseppe/0000-0002-4538-6467; Tauraso, Roberto/0000-0002-5619-3513; March, Riccardo/0000-0003-3144-7537; Martini, Manuele/0000-0001-6508-2930 NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0032-0633 J9 PLANET SPACE SCI JI Planet Space Sci. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 74 IS 1 SI SI BP 276 EP 282 DI 10.1016/j.pss.2012.09.006 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 068SD UT WOS:000313385600028 ER PT J AU Gaillou, E Post, JE Rose, T Butler, JE AF Gaillou, E. Post, J. E. Rose, T. Butler, J. E. TI Cathodoluminescence of Natural, Plastically Deformed Pink Diamonds SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE natural pink diamond; cathodoluminescence; twin; plastic deformation; H3 center; 405.5 nm center ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; INFRARED-ABSORPTION; OPTICAL-CENTERS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; NITROGEN; DEFECT AB The 49 type I natural pink diamonds examined exhibit color restricted to lamellae or bands oriented along {111} that are created by plastic deformation. Pink diamonds fall into two groups: (1) diamonds from Argyle in Australia and Santa Elena in Venezuela are heavily strained throughout and exhibit pink bands alternating with colorless areas, and (2) diamonds from other localities have strain localized near the discrete pink lamellae. Growth zones are highlighted by a blue cathodoluminescence (CL) and crosscut by the pink lamellae that emit yellowish-green CL that originates from the H3 center. This center probably forms by the recombination of nitrogen-related centers (A-aggregates) and vacancies mobilized by natural annealing in the Earth's mantle. Twinning is the most likely mechanism through which plastic deformation is accommodated for the two groups of diamonds. The plastic deformation creates new centers visible through spectroscopic methods, including the one responsible for the pink color, which remains unidentified. The differences in the plastic deformation features, and resulting CL properties, for the two groups might correlate to the particular geologic conditions under which the diamonds formed; those from Argyle and Santa Elena are deposits located within Proterozoic cratons, whereas most diamonds originate from Archean cratons. C1 [Gaillou, E.] Nat Hist Museum Los Angeles Cty, Dept Mineral Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. [Post, J. E.; Rose, T.; Butler, J. E.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Butler, J. E.] USN, Div Chem, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gaillou, E (reprint author), Nat Hist Museum Los Angeles Cty, Dept Mineral Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. EM eloise.gaillou@gmail.com RI Gaillou, Eloise/D-1753-2009; Butler, James/B-7965-2008 OI Gaillou, Eloise/0000-0002-7949-268X; Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176 FU Coralyn Whitney endowment; Smithsonian Institution FX The authors give a special thanks to John Chapman (Rio Tinto), Alexandro Stern, and Simon O'Brien and De Beers Canada Inc., who provided pink diamonds from Argyle in Australia, Santa Elena in Venezuela, and Canada, respectively. We are also grateful to Alan Levy, who loaned three pink diamonds from the Williamson Mine in Tanzania for this study. E.G.'s work was funded by the Coralyn Whitney endowment (to the Smithsonian) and the Smithsonian Institution. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 20 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1292 EP 1302 DI 10.1017/S1431927612013542 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 066QD UT WOS:000313234400011 PM 23217341 ER PT J AU Wilson, NC MacRae, CM Torpy, A Davidson, CJ Vicenzi, EP AF Wilson, Nicholas C. MacRae, Colin M. Torpy, Aaron Davidson, Cameron J. Vicenzi, Edward P. TI Hyperspectral Cathodoluminescence Examination of Defects in a Carbonado Diamond SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE cathodoluminescence; carbonado; data clustering; hyperspectral ID LUMINESCENCE; ABSORPTION; SPECTRA; ROCKS AB Hyperspectral cathodoluminescence mapping is used to examine a carbonado diamond. The hyperspectral dataset is examined using a data clustering algorithm to interpret the range of spectral shapes present within the dataset, which are related to defects within the structure of the diamond. The cathodoluminescence response from this particular carbonado diamond can be attributed to a small number of defect types: N-V-0, N2V, N3V, a 3.188 eV line, which is attributed to radiation damage, and two broad luminescence bands. Both the N2V and 3.188 eV defects require high-temperature annealing, which has implications for interpreting the thermal history of the diamond. In addition, bright halos observed within the diamond cathodoluminescence, from alpha decay radiation damage, can be attributed to the decay of U-238. C1 [Wilson, Nicholas C.; MacRae, Colin M.; Torpy, Aaron; Davidson, Cameron J.] CSIRO Proc Sci & Engn, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. [Vicenzi, Edward P.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. RP Wilson, NC (reprint author), CSIRO Proc Sci & Engn, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. EM nick.wilson@csiro.au NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1303 EP 1312 DI 10.1017/S1431927612013578 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 066QD UT WOS:000313234400012 PM 23237592 ER PT J AU Wendler, JE Wendler, I Rose, T Huber, BT AF Wendler, Jens E. Wendler, Ines Rose, Timothy Huber, Brian T. TI Using Cathodoluminescence Spectroscopy of Cretaceous Calcareous Microfossils to Distinguish Biogenic from Early-Diagenetic Calcite SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE cathodoluminescence spectroscopy; calcareous dinoflagellates; foraminifera; diagenesis; biomineralization; preservation; Turonian ID ONTOGENIC FINGERPRINT; CHEMOSTRATIGRAPHY; LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY; BIOSTRATIGRAPHY; CARBONATES; SEDIMENTS; MANGANESE AB A comparative cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopic study of extraordinarily well-preserved versus diagenetically altered Turonian (similar to 92 Ma before present) calcitic and aragonitic microfossils was performed to document the cathodoluminescence characteristics of two common Cretaceous carbonate producers, foraminifera and calcareous dinoflagellates. Unaltered specimens reveal a conspicuous peak in the blue CL band at similar to 400 nm that has rarely been previously reported for biogenic carbonates. We interpret this luminescence as an indicative feature of the primary bio-mineralized shells of calcareous dinoflagellates and foraminifera. Orange luminescence as the second important CL emission band (similar to 620 nm) in calcite generally increases with diagenetic cement overgrowth and recrystallization but can also be present in unaltered material. Thus, orange CL of biogenic calcite is not an unequivocal diagenetic indicator. Accordingly, spectroscopic investigation of both the similar to 400 and similar to 620 nm peaks represents a more objective criterion to evaluate the degree of diagenetic alteration. The ratio of relative intensities of the blue CL versus orange CL can provide a semiquantitative measure with relative intensity ratios blue:orange >2 occurring in the least diagenetically altered microfossils. Comparison of unaltered specimens of separate species reveals elemental differences that potentially indicate species-specific biomineralization or habitats. C1 [Wendler, Jens E.; Wendler, Ines; Huber, Brian T.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Wendler, Jens E.; Wendler, Ines] Univ Bremen, Dept Geosci, D-28334 Bremen, Germany. [Rose, Timothy] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Wendler, JE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, POB 37012,MRC 121, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM wendler@uni-bremen.de FU German Science Foundation (DFG) [WE4587/1-1]; National Science Foundation [EAR 0641956]; Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Studies Fund FX This research was financially supported by German Science Foundation (DFG) fund WE4587/1-1 (J.E.W.), National Science Foundation EAR 0641956 (B.T.H.), and the Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Studies Fund (B.T.H.). J. Gotze is thanked for insightful comments. S. Whittaker (Smithsonian Institution) is acknowledged for assistance at the SEM. We thank A. Logan and E. Bullock (Smithsonian Institution) for advice and assistance with in the electron microprobe analyses. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 16 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1313 EP 1321 DI 10.1017/S1431927612001353 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 066QD UT WOS:000313234400013 PM 23164215 ER PT J AU Leeman, WP MacRae, CM Wilson, NC Torpy, A Lee, CTA Student, JJ Thomas, JB Vicenzi, EP AF Leeman, William P. MacRae, Colin M. Wilson, Nick C. Torpy, Aaron Lee, Cin-Ty A. Student, James J. Thomas, Jay B. Vicenzi, Edward P. TI A Study of Cathodoluminescence and Trace Element Compositional Zoning in Natural Quartz from Volcanic Rocks: Mapping Titanium Content in Quartz SO MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE cathodoluminescence; LA-ICPMS; titanium; quartz ID SNAKE-RIVER-PLAIN; INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA; LASER-ABLATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; YELLOWSTONE HOTSPOT; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; HYDROTHERMAL QUARTZ; ELECTRON-MICROPROBE; SILICIC VOLCANISM; ERUPTIVE CENTER AB This article concerns application of cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy to volcanic quartz and its utility in assessing variation in trace quantities of Ti within individual crystals. CL spectroscopy provides useful details of intragrain compositional variability and structure but generally limited quantitative information on element abundances. Microbeam analysis can provide such information but is time-consuming and costly, particularly if large numbers of analyses are required. To maximize advantages of both approaches, natural and synthetic quartz crystals were studied using high-resolution hyperspectral CL imaging (1.2-5.0 eV range) combined with analysis via laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS). Spectral intensities can be deconvolved into three principal contributions (1.93, 2.19, and 2.72 eV), for which intensity of the latter peak was found to correlate directly with Ti concentration. Quantitative maps of Ti variation can be produced by calibration of the CL spectral data against relatively few analytical points. Such maps provide useful information concerning intragrain zoning or heterogeneity of Ti contents with the sensitivity of LA-ICPMS analysis and spatial resolution of electron microprobe analysis. C1 [Leeman, William P.; Lee, Cin-Ty A.] Rice Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [MacRae, Colin M.; Wilson, Nick C.; Torpy, Aaron] CSIRO Proc Sci & Engn, Clayton Labs, Microbeam Lab, Clayton, Vic 3168, Australia. [Student, James J.] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. [Thomas, Jay B.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Vicenzi, Edward P.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. RP Leeman, WP (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Earth Sci, 6100 S Main St, Houston, TX 77005 USA. EM leeman@rice.edu RI Lee, Cin-Ty/A-5469-2008 FU NSF [EAR-0440228] FX W.P.L. thanks the Department of Mineral Sciences, Smithsonian Institution for access to facilities and assistance with sample preparation, the National Science Foundation (NSF) for providing time to conduct this research while employed there, and Ilya Bindeman for providing the Yellowstone quartz separates. J.B.T. acknowledges support from the NSF (grant number EAR-0440228 to E.B. Watson) for experimental studies on the solubility of Ti in minerals. J.J.S. thanks Bob Bodnar and Scott Mutchler for access to VPI facilities and for analytical support. The authors thank C. Davidson (CSIRO) for preparing samples for CL analysis. We also thank Andreas Audetat and an anonymous reviewer for detailed reviews that were of great help in improving the article. NR 81 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 48 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1431-9276 EI 1435-8115 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL JI Microsc. microanal. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 18 IS 6 BP 1322 EP 1341 DI 10.1017/S1431927612013426 PG 20 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Microscopy SC Materials Science; Microscopy GA 066QD UT WOS:000313234400014 PM 23164281 ER PT J AU Brock, AP Isaza, R Hunter, RP Richman, LK Montali, RJ Schmitt, DL Koch, DE Lindsay, WA AF Brock, A. Paige Isaza, Ramiro Hunter, Robert P. Richman, Laura K. Montali, Richard J. Schmitt, Dennis L. Koch, David E. Lindsay, William A. TI Estimates of the pharmacokinetics of famciclovir and its active metabolite penciclovir in young Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ENDOTHELIOTROPIC HERPESVIRUSES; AFRICAN ELEPHANTS; TUBERCULOSIS; PLASMA; HERPES AB Objective-To determine plasma pharmacokinetics of penciclovir following oral and rectal administration of famciclovir to young Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). Animals-6 healthy Asian elephants (5 females and 1 male), 4.5 to 9 years old and weighing 1,646 to 2,438 kg. Procedures-Famciclovir was administered orally or rectally in accordance with an incomplete crossover design. Three treatment groups, each comprising 4 elephants, received single doses of famciclovir 15 mg/kg, PO, or 5 or 15 mg/kg, rectally); there was a minimum 12-week washout period between subsequent famciclovir administrations. Serial blood samples were collected after each administration. Samples were analyzed for famciclovir and penciclovir with a validated liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy assay. Results-Famciclovir was tolerated well for both routes of administration and underwent complete biotransformation to the active metabolite, penciclovir. Mean maximum plasma concentration of penciclovir was 1.3 mu g/mL at 1.1 hours after oral administration of 5 mg/kg. Similar results were detected after rectal administration of 5 mg/kg. Mean maximum plasma concentration was 3.6 mu g/mL at 0.66 hours after rectal administration of 15 mg/kg; this concentration was similar to results reported for humans receiving 7 mg/kg orally. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Juvenile Asian elephants are susceptible to elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus. Although most infections are fatal, case reports indicate administration of famciclovir has been associated with survival of 3 elephants. In Asian elephants, a dose of 8 to 15 mg of famciclovir/kg given orally or rectally at least every 8 hours may result in penciclovir concentrations that are considered therapeutic in humans. (Am J Vet Res 2012;73:1996-2000) C1 [Brock, A. Paige; Isaza, Ramiro] Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Dept Small Anim Clin Sci, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Hunter, Robert P.; Koch, David E.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Anat & Physiol, Zool Pharmacol Lab, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Richman, Laura K.; Montali, Richard J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Schmitt, Dennis L.] SW Missouri State Univ, Darr Sch Agr, Springfield, MO 65897 USA. [Schmitt, Dennis L.; Lindsay, William A.] Ringling Bros Ctr Elephant Conservat, Polk City, FL 33868 USA. RP Brock, AP (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Dept Small Anim Clin Sci, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM brockp@ufl.edu RI Hunter, Robert/A-2306-2008 OI Hunter, Robert/0000-0003-1224-2376 FU National Institutes of Health-National Center for Research Resources [KL2 RR029888, UL1 RR029890]; Feld Entertainment Inc; Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine FX Supported in part by National Institutes of Health-National Center for Research Resources Clinical and Translational Science Awards to the University of Florida (KL2 RR029888 and UL1 RR029890), Feld Entertainment Inc, and the Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 73 IS 12 BP 1996 EP 2000 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 056TF UT WOS:000312513600020 PM 23176429 ER PT J AU Nadel, D Piperno, DR Holst, I Snir, A Weiss, E AF Nadel, Dani Piperno, Dolores R. Holst, Irene Snir, Ainit Weiss, Ehud TI New evidence for the processing of wild cereal grains at Ohalo II, a 23 000-year-old campsite on the shore of the Sea of Galilee, Israel SO ANTIQUITY LA English DT Article DE Israel; Ohalo II; Sea of Galilee; Upper Palaeolithic; cereal processing; wheat; barley; oats ID PLANT REMAINS; JORDAN VALLEY; 19,000 BP; SITE; FOOD; HUT; MICROFOSSILS; CALCULUS; DIET AB Traces of starch found on a large fiat stone discovered in the bunter-fisher-gatherer site of Ohalo II famously represent the first identification of Upper Palaeolithic grinding of grasses. Given the importance of this discovery for the use of edible grain, further analyses have now been undertaken. Meticulous sampling combined with good preservation allow the authors to demonstrate that the Ohalo II stone was certainly used for the routine processing of wild cereals, wheat, barley and now oats among them, around 23 000 years ago. C1 [Nadel, Dani] Univ Haifa, Zinman Inst Archaeol, IL-31905 Har Hakarmel, Israel. [Piperno, Dolores R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Piperno, Dolores R.; Holst, Irene] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Snir, Ainit; Weiss, Ehud] Bar Ilan Univ, Inst Archaeol, Martin Szusz Dept Land Israel Studies & Archaeol, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. RP Nadel, D (reprint author), Univ Haifa, Zinman Inst Archaeol, IL-31905 Har Hakarmel, Israel. EM dnadel@research.haifa.ac.il; pipernod@si.edu; holsti@si.edu; snira@netvision.net.il; eweiss@biu.ac.il RI Weiss, Ehud/F-2588-2016 OI Weiss, Ehud/0000-0002-9730-4726 NR 38 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 40 PU ANTIQUITY PI YORK PA KINGS MANOR, YORK YO1 7EP, ENGLAND SN 0003-598X EI 1745-1744 J9 ANTIQUITY JI Antiquity PD DEC PY 2012 VL 86 IS 334 BP 990 EP 1003 PG 14 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA 055PI UT WOS:000312428500003 ER PT J AU Loring, S Gero, J AF Loring, Stephen Gero, Joan TI The Evolution of Happiness SO ARCHAEOLOGIES-JOURNAL OF THE WORLD ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONGRESS LA English DT Article DE Materiality; Artifact plates; Archaeological illustration AB The authors reveal a dramatic but previously unsuspected pattern in archaeological illustration: the presence of smiling faces composed of artifacts arranged in plates of archaeological illustrations and photographs. In this paper, we explore the possible meanings that lurk behind and emerge from these mysterious portraits, questioning whether they are byproducts of human agency or whether, instead, they represent new examples of how material objects act back on (or "interfere with") human agency. C1 [Loring, Stephen] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Gero, Joan] American Univ, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20016 USA. RP Loring, S (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, NMNH MRC 112,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM lorings@si.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1555-8622 J9 ARCHAEOLOGIES JI Archaeologies-J. World Archaeol. Congr. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 8 IS 3 SI SI BP 376 EP 402 DI 10.1007/s11759-012-9208-x PG 27 WC Archaeology SC Archaeology GA 060JZ UT WOS:000312774900012 ER PT J AU Hardy, CR Ryndock, J AF Hardy, Christopher R. Ryndock, Jason TI Floral Morphology and Organogenesis in Tinantia pringlei, Along with a Review of Floral Developmental Variation in the Spiderwort Family, Commelinaceae SO BOTANICAL REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Commelinaceae; Floral Characters; Floral Development; Tapetal Raphides; Thyrsantheminae; Tinantia ID GAMETOPHYTES; VASCULATURE; FLOWER AB Floral organogenesis had previously been investigated thoroughly in 11 species from three of nine subtribes or their equivalent in the Commelinaceae. Here flower morphology and development is described from a member of a fourth subtribe, Tinantia pringlei from the Thyrsantheminae, and comparisons are made. Although the calyx is only weakly monosymmetric at maturity, development is of the monosymmetric-type known from or resembling that of the monosymmetric flowers of Cochliostema, Dichorisandra, and Plowmanianthus (subtribe Dichorisandrinae; tribe Tradescantieae) and Commelina (tribe Commelineae). Whereas the corolla also is weakly monosymmetric at maturity, development is of the polysymmetric-type known from the polysymmetric flowers of Callisia, Gibasis, and Tradescantia (subtribe Tradescantiinae). In the androecium, the long, inconspicuous blue stamens of the lower floral hemisphere emerge first during development, while the shorter, showy yellow, upper stamens emerge last. The overall pattern of stamen development is centripetal, thereby resembling that reported for the majority of confamilial taxa, and contrasting with the centrifugal pattern known from Callisia and Tradescantia. Relative to the majority of confamilial taxa investigated, the carpels emerge relatively late in development, resembling the timing known for the carpels of Callisia and Tradescantia. Overall, however, carpel emergence in Tinantia pringlei is unique in the comparatively small size of the remnant floral apical primordium on which the carpels emerge. Other variations in floral development are discussed and further such studies within the family are encouraged based on the potential for using such developmental variations in the assessment of morphological homologies and phylogenetic relationships within the Commelinaceae. C1 [Hardy, Christopher R.; Ryndock, Jason] Millersville Univ Pennsylvania, Dept Biol, James C Parks Herbarium, Millersville, PA 17551 USA. [Hardy, Christopher R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Ryndock, Jason] Bur Forestry, Dept Conservat & Nat Resources, Harrisburg, PA 17105 USA. RP Hardy, CR (reprint author), Millersville Univ Pennsylvania, Dept Biol, James C Parks Herbarium, POB 1002, Millersville, PA 17551 USA. EM christopher.hardy@millersville.edu FU Millersville University Department of Biology; Arthur and Claribel Gerhart Scholarship award FX Financial support for this study came from the Millersville University Department of Biology and an Arthur and Claribel Gerhart Scholarship award to Jason Ryndock. To that end, we appreciate Susan DiBartolomeis and James Mone for their service on the Gerhart Scholarship Selection Committee. David Dobbins and Maria Schiza provided invaluable assistance through their efforts in the maintenance of the scanning electron microscope. The plants used in this study were generated from stem cuttings originally donated by Bob and Audrey Faden out of the Smithsonian Institution's greenhouse facility. It is the maintenance of such living collections that enables this type of research. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0006-8101 J9 BOT REV JI Bot. Rev. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 78 IS 4 BP 416 EP 427 DI 10.1007/s12229-012-9108-1 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 058KI UT WOS:000312632200006 ER PT J AU Specht, CD Yockteng, R Almeida, AM Kirchoff, BK Kress, WJ AF Specht, Chelsea D. Yockteng, Roxana Almeida, Ana Maria Kirchoff, Bruce K. Kress, W. John TI Homoplasy, Pollination, and Emerging Complexity During the Evolution of Floral Development in the Tropical Gingers (Zingiberales) SO BOTANICAL REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Floral evolution; Developmental evolution; Pollination syndrome; Zingiberales; Diversification rates; Model clade; Key innovation ID DIFFERENTIAL DIVERSIFICATION RATES; FLOWER DEVELOPMENT; HUMMINGBIRD POLLINATION; COSTACEAE ZINGIBERALES; PIGMENT PATTERNS; KEY INNOVATIONS; MARANTACEAE; PHYLOGENY; SPECIATION; DIVERSITY AB With their impressive array of floral diversity and a largely-understood phylogenetic relationships, the Zingiberales provide an ideal model clade to test for the roles of genetic and ecological factors driving floral diversification. Many Zingiberales have close associations with particular suites of pollinators, a species-level interaction that is reflected in their overall floral morphology. Here we first discuss the importance of understanding developmental evolution in a phylogenetic context, then use the evolution of floral morphology across the Zingiberales to test the hypothesis that shifts in rates of diversification among these tropical monocots is correlated with shifts in pollination syndrome, suggesting an important role of pollination specificity in driving speciation and floral diversification in the Zingiberales. C1 [Specht, Chelsea D.; Yockteng, Roxana; Almeida, Ana Maria] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kirchoff, Bruce K.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Greensboro, NC 27401 USA. [Kress, W. John] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Specht, Chelsea D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Univ & Jepson Herbaria, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Yockteng, Roxana] CNRS, Natl Museum Nat Hist, UMR 7205, F-75005 Paris, France. RP Specht, CD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM cdspecht@berkeley.edu FU Fulbright/CAPES Scholarship; NSF DDIG [DEB 1110461]; National Science Foundation CAREER award [IOS 0845641] FX We thank all current and former members of the Specht lab especially M. Bartlett, H. Driscoll, C. Sass, and T. Renner as well as members of the Kirchoff and Kress research groups who have contributed ideas and food for thought over the years. Research highlighted in this paper was funded by a Fulbright/CAPES Scholarship and NSF DDIG (DEB 1110461) to AMA and a National Science Foundation CAREER award (IOS 0845641) to CDS. NR 79 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 53 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0006-8101 J9 BOT REV JI Bot. Rev. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 78 IS 4 BP 440 EP 462 DI 10.1007/s12229-012-9111-6 PG 23 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 058KI UT WOS:000312632200008 ER PT J AU Ruger, N Wirth, C Wright, SJ Condit, R AF Rueger, Nadja Wirth, Christian Wright, S. Joseph Condit, Richard TI Functional traits explain light and size response of growth rates in tropical tree species SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adult stature; Barro Colorado Island; leaf area; leaf nutrient concentration; life-history theory; maximum height; Panama; plasticity; seed mass; shade tolerance; wood density ID RAIN-FOREST TREES; WOOD DENSITY; INTERSPECIFIC VARIATION; NEOTROPICAL FORESTS; ECONOMICS SPECTRUM; DEMOGRAPHIC RATES; SHADE TOLERANCE; GOOD PREDICTORS; PLANT TRAITS; LIFE-HISTORY AB Relationships between functional traits and average or potential demographic rates have provided insight into the functional constraints and trade-offs underlying life-history strategies of tropical tree species. We have extended this framework by decomposing growth rates of similar to 130 000 trees of 171 Neotropical tree species into intrinsic growth and the response of growth to light and size. We related these growth characteristics to multiple functional traits (wood density, adult stature, seed mass, leaf traits) in a hierarchical Bayesian model that accounted for measurement error and intraspecific variability of functional traits. Wood density was the most important trait determining all three growth characteristics. Intrinsic growth rates were additionally strongly related to adult stature, while all traits contributed to light response. Our analysis yielded a predictive model that allows estimation of growth characteristics for rare species on the basis of a few easily measurable morphological traits. C1 [Rueger, Nadja; Wirth, Christian] Univ Leipzig, AG Spezielle Bot & Funkt Biodiversitat, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Rueger, Nadja; Wright, S. Joseph; Condit, Richard] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa Ancon, Panama. RP Ruger, N (reprint author), Univ Leipzig, AG Spezielle Bot & Funkt Biodiversitat, Johannisallee 21-23, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. EM nadja.rueger@uni-leipzig.de RI Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013; Ruger, Nadja/J-6393-2015 OI Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676; Ruger, Nadja/0000-0003-2371-4172 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG [RU 1536/2-1]; Center for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS); U.S. National Science Foundation [0948585]; John D. and Catherine D. McArthur Foundation; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; F. H. Levinson Fund FX We thank Jens Doleschal and the Center for Information Services and High Performance Computing, Technische Universitat Dresden, for the parallelization of the R code and provision of computing resources. We also thank Karin Nadrowksi and Gerald van den Boogaart for statistical advice, John Kress for providing the phylogenetic tree, and Bruno Herault and Timothy Paine for helpful comments. N. Ruger was funded by research grants from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft DFG (RU 1536/2-1) and the Center for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS). The BCI plot has been made possible through the support of the U.S. National Science Foundation (most recently, grant no. 0948585 to S. P. Hubbell), the John D. and Catherine D. McArthur Foundation, and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Functional trait data were funded by the F. H. Levinson Fund. We thank the dozens of field assistants and botanists who have collected data in the BCI plot over the past 30 years. NR 58 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 3 U2 170 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD DEC PY 2012 VL 93 IS 12 BP 2626 EP 2636 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 062AW UT WOS:000312892500013 PM 23431593 ER PT J AU Lind, EM Myron, EP Giaccai, J Parker, JD AF Lind, Eric M. Myron, Emily P. Giaccai, Jennifer Parker, John D. TI White-Tailed Deer Alter Specialist and Generalist Insect Herbivory Through Plant Traits SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE indirect interactions; induced defenses; leaf traits; terpenes; vertebrate herbivory ID LINDERA-BENZOIN LAURACEAE; THUJA-PLICATA; QUALITY; DEFENSE; GROWTH; LIGHT; MONOTERPENE; OVIPOSITION; RESISTANCE; CHEMISTRY AB Within a plant species, leaf traits can vary across environmental, genetic, spatial, and temporal gradients, even showing drastic differences within individuals. Herbivory can also induce variation in leaf morphology, defensive structure, and chemistry including nutritional content. Indirect effects of prior insect herbivory on later herbivores have been well documented, but the induction of trait changes after vertebrate herbivory has been little explored. Here, we examined how browsing of spicebush (Lindera benzoin L.), a dominant understory shrub in eastern mesic forests, by white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus L.) altered plant quality and subsequent foliar herbivory by insects. Browsing history explained approximate to 10% of overall leaf trait variation; regenerated leaves had greater water content and specific leaf area (P = 0.009), but were lower in nitrogen and greater in carbon (P = 0.001), than leaves on unbrowsed plants. However, browsing did not shift terpene chemistry as revealed by GC-MS. In the lab, caterpillars of the specialist spicebush swallowtail (Papilio troilus L.) preferred (P = 0.02) and grew 20% faster (P = 0.02) on foliage from browsed plants; whereas total herbivory in the field, including generalist insect herbivory, was twice as high on unbrowsed plants (P = 0.016). These results suggest that the ecological impacts of deer in forest understories can have cascading impacts on arthropod communities by changing the suitability of host-plants to insect herbivores. C1 [Lind, Eric M.; Myron, Emily P.; Parker, John D.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Myron, Emily P.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Giaccai, Jennifer] Smithsonian Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. RP Lind, EM (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM elind@umn.edu RI Parker, John/F-9761-2010; OI Parker, John/0000-0002-3632-7625; Lind, Eric/0000-0003-3051-7724; Giaccai, Jennifer/0000-0001-7596-2755 FU NSF REU [NSF-DBI 0851303] FX We thank Lauren Richie, Christian Latimer, Christine Cochrane, and Anne Chamberlain for help in the field and lab, Candy Feller for helpful discussions on spicebush herbivory at SERC, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. This work was supported in part by an NSF REU site grant (NSF-DBI 0851303). NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 77 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 41 IS 6 BP 1409 EP 1416 DI 10.1603/EN12094 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 058YC UT WOS:000312670000013 PM 23321087 ER PT J AU Lee, SJ Serre, ML van Donkelaar, A Martin, RV Burnett, RT Jerrett, M AF Lee, Seung-Jae Serre, Marc L. van Donkelaar, Aaron Martin, Randall V. Burnett, Richard T. Jerrett, Michael TI Comparison of Geostatistical Interpolation and Remote Sensing Techniques for Estimating Long-Term Exposure to Ambient PM2.5 Concentrations across the Continental United States SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE air pollution; chronic exposure; geostatistics; PM2.5; remote sensing ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; LAND-USE REGRESSION; MATTER CONCENTRATIONS; LOS-ANGELES; FINE; MORTALITY; HEALTH AB BACKGROUND: A better understanding of the adverse health effects of chronic exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) requires accurate estimates of PM2.5 variation at fine spatial scales. Remote sensing has emerged as an important means of estimating PM2.5 exposures, but relatively few studies have compared remote-sensing estimates to those derived from monitor-based data. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated and compared the predictive capabilities of remote sensing and geostatistical interpolation. METHODS: We developed a space time geostatistical kriging model to predict PM2.5 over the continental United States and compared resulting predictions to estimates derived from satellite retrievals. RESULTS: The kriging estimate was more accurate for locations that were about 100 km from a monitoring station, whereas the remote sensing estimate was more accurate for locations that were > 100 km from a monitoring station. Based on this finding, we developed a hybrid map that combines the kriging and satellite-based PM2.5 estimates. CONCLUSIONS: We found that for most of the populated areas of the continental United States, geostatistical interpolation produced more accurate estimates than remote sensing. The differences between the estimates resulting from the two methods, however, were relatively small. In areas with extensive monitoring networks, the interpolation may provide more accurate estimates, but in the many areas of the world without such monitoring, remote sensing can provide useful exposure estimates that perform nearly as well. C1 [Jerrett, Michael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lee, Seung-Jae] Risk Management Solut Inc, Geospatial Dev Dept, Newark, CA USA. [Serre, Marc L.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [van Donkelaar, Aaron; Martin, Randall V.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Martin, Randall V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Burnett, Richard T.] Hlth Canada, Populat Studies Div, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada. RP Jerrett, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, 50 Univ Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jerrett@berkeley.edu RI Martin, Randall/C-1205-2014; OI Martin, Randall/0000-0003-2632-8402; serre, marc/0000-0003-3145-4024 FU Health Canada [HC-4500209]; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2010-37394] FX This research was funded by Health Canada (grant HC-4500209) and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (grant 200-2010-37394). S.-J.L. is now employed by Geospatial Development Department, Risk Management Solutions Inc., Newark, California, but this work was performed while he worked at UC Berkeley. NR 34 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 6 U2 63 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 120 IS 12 BP 1727 EP 1732 DI 10.1289/ehp.1205006 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 056QB UT WOS:000312504900034 PM 23033456 ER PT J AU Gilbert, GS Magarey, R Suiter, K Webb, CO AF Gilbert, Gregory S. Magarey, Roger Suiter, Karl Webb, Campbell O. TI Evolutionary tools for phytosanitary risk analysis: phylogenetic signal as a predictor of host range of plant pests and pathogens SO EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE emergent pests and pathogens; phylogenetic ecology; plant disease ecology; fungal pathogens; herbivory; novel species interactions; biological invasions ID TROPICAL FORESTS; UNITED-STATES; FUNGAL; HERBIVORES; TREE; MACROEVOLUTION; TRANSMISSION; SPECIFICITY; ANGIOSPERMS; RESISTANCE AB Assessing risk from a novel pest or pathogen requires knowing which local plant species are susceptible. Empirical data on the local host range of novel pests are usually lacking, but we know that some pests are more likely to attack closely related plant species than species separated by greater evolutionary distance. We use the Global Pest and Disease Database, an internal database maintained by the United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Protection and Quarantine Division (USDA APHIS-PPQ), to evaluate the strength of the phylogenetic signal in host range for nine major groups of plant pests and pathogens. Eight of nine groups showed significant phylogenetic signal in host range. Additionally, pests and pathogens with more known hosts attacked a phylogenetically broader range of hosts. This suggests that easily obtained data the number of known hosts and the phylogenetic distance between known hosts and other species of interest can be used to predict which plant species are likely to be susceptible to a particular pest. This can facilitate rapid assessment of risk from novel pests and pathogens when empirical host range data are not yet available and guide efficient collection of empirical data for risk evaluation. C1 [Gilbert, Gregory S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Gilbert, Gregory S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Magarey, Roger; Suiter, Karl] N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Integrated Pest Management, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Webb, Campbell O.] Harvard Univ, Arnold Arboretum, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Gilbert, GS (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, 405 ISB,1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM ggilbert@ucsc.edu OI Webb, Campbell/0000-0003-1031-3249 FU G. Gilbert [10201]; USDA APHIS-PPQ-CPHST PERAL [10201]; NSF [DEB-0515520, DEB-0842059]; University of California Santa Cruz; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX Funding for this work was provided by Cooperative Agreement between G. Gilbert and USDA APHIS-PPQ-CPHST PERAL funded from Section 10201 of the Farm Bill, and by NSF grants DEB-0515520 and DEB-0842059. Additional support was provided by the University of California Santa Cruz and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Thank you to J. Ohayon, D. Schweizer, S. Crandall, M. Saunders, and I. M. Parker for helpful discussions and comments on the manuscript. NR 45 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 77 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1752-4571 J9 EVOL APPL JI Evol. Appl. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 5 IS 8 BP 869 EP 878 DI 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2012.00265.x PG 10 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA 060WL UT WOS:000312808900009 PM 23346231 ER PT J AU Cummings, JA Parker, IM Gilbert, GS AF Cummings, Justin A. Parker, Ingrid M. Gilbert, Gregory S. TI Allelopathy: a tool for weed management in forest restoration SO PLANT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Saccharum spontaneum; Legumes; Novel weapons hypothesis; Homeland security hypothesis; Allelopathy; Forest restoration ID EXOTIC PLANT INVASION; LEUCAENA-LEUCOCEPHALA; AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS; MULTIPURPOSE TREES; SEED-GERMINATION; PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSES; SECONDARY METABOLITES; WEAPONS HYPOTHESIS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICE; ABANDONED PASTURE AB Forest restoration uses active management to re-establish natural forest habitat after disturbance. However, competition from early successional species, often aggressively invasive exotic plant species, can inhibit tree establishment and forest regeneration. Ideally, restoration ecologists can plant native tree species that not only establish and grow rapidly, but also suppress exotic competitors. Allelopathy may be a key mechanism by which some native trees could reduce the abundance and impact of exotic species. Allelopathy is a recognized tool for weed management in agriculture and agroforestry, but few studies have considered how allelopathic interactions may aid restoration. Here we introduce the "Homeland Security" hypothesis, which posits that some na < ve exotic species may be particularly sensitive to allelochemicals produced by native species, providing a tool to reduce the growth and impacts of invasive exotic species on reforestation. This article explores how exploiting allelopathy in native species could improve restoration success and the re-establishment of natural successional dynamics. We review the evidence for allelopathy in agroforestry systems, and consider its relevance for reforestation. We then illustrate the potential for this approach with a case study of tropical forest restoration in Panama. C-4 grasses heavily invade deforested areas in the Panama Canal watershed, especially Saccharum spontaneum L. We measured the effect of leaf litter from 17 potential restoration tree species on the growth of invasive C-4 grasses. We found that leaf litter from legume trees had a greater inhibitory effect on performance of S. spontaneum than did litter from non-legume trees. However, allelopathic effects varied greatly among species within tree functional groups. Further evaluation of intra- and inter-specific interactions will help to improve our selection of restoration species. C1 [Cummings, Justin A.; Parker, Ingrid M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Parker, Ingrid M.; Gilbert, Gregory S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Gilbert, Gregory S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Cummings, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM 83cummingsj@gmail.com FU STRI Short Term Fellowship; UCSC Center for Tropical Ecology, Agriculture, and Development; Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need (GAANN) program; Jean Langenheim Fellowship FX The authors thank the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) for logistical support and ANAM for granting us permission to conduct research in the Republic of Panama. We also thank Dr. J.S. Hall (PRORENA) and Dr. S.J. Wright for serving as mentors to JAC while conducting work in Panama, and for the field assistance of Emelie L.M. McKain. Funding to JAC was provided by the STRI Short Term Fellowship, the UCSC Center for Tropical Ecology, Agriculture, and Development, a fellowship from the Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need (GAANN) program, and the Jean Langenheim Fellowship. NR 126 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 6 U2 177 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-0237 J9 PLANT ECOL JI Plant Ecol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 213 IS 12 SI SI BP 1975 EP 1989 DI 10.1007/s11258-012-0154-x PG 15 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 063VX UT WOS:000313031200013 ER PT J AU Songsasen, N Comizzoli, P Nagashima, J Fujihara, M Wildt, DE AF Songsasen, N. Comizzoli, P. Nagashima, J. Fujihara, M. Wildt, D. E. TI The Domestic Dog and Cat as Models for Understanding the Regulation of Ovarian Follicle Development In Vitro SO REPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS LA English DT Article ID BOVINE PRIMORDIAL FOLLICLES; FREE CULTURE-SYSTEM; STIMULATING-HORMONE; SECONDARY FOLLICLES; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; OOCYTE MATURATION; MOUSE OOCYTES; TERM CULTURE; GROWTH; SERUM AB Contents The culture of ovarian follicles is an important tool for understanding the mechanisms controlling follicle development and differentiation of the oocyte. The benefit of recovering meiotically and developmentally competent oocytes from early stage follicles (primordial, primary, pre-antral and early antral) also would be significant, ranging from rescue of genomes from endangered species to preserving fertility in women facing cancer treatments. This research field is at an early stage of scientific discovery. To-date, live offspring from cultured primordial follicles that produced fertilizable oocytes has occurred only in the mouse. Progress in other more complex species has been limited because larger animals have longer durations of natural folliculogenesis, thereby requiring more culture time to generate fully grown follicles and oocytes. We believe the dog and cat are excellent models for understanding more about folliculogenesis in vitro. This review highlights what is known about this topic for these two species as well as future priorities. We have discovered that it is more challenging to maintain viability of primordial follicles within ovarian tissues in vitro in the dog than the cat. Nonetheless, it is possible to grow both isolated cat and dog pre-antral follicles in culture. Although the follicles of both species have the capacity to increase in size and produce steroids, only cat oocytes appear morphologically normal. The reason for this striking difference between these two species is an area of high research priority. While much more fundamental data are required, we envision advanced technology that will allow harvesting oocytes from the vast, unused follicle stores sequestered within carnivore ovaries. These gametes have utility for reproducing genetically valuable dogs and cats that are companions or biomedical models for investigating human disorders as well as for salvaging the genomes of rare canid and felid species that die before contributing to genetic management programs. C1 [Songsasen, N.; Comizzoli, P.; Nagashima, J.; Fujihara, M.; Wildt, D. E.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Nagashima, J.] Cornell Univ, James A Baker Inst Anim Hlth, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Songsasen, N (reprint author), Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM songsasenn@si.edu FU National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [KO1 RR020564, R01 RR026064]; Yamada Science Foundation FX This research was supported by grant numbers KO1 RR020564 and R01 RR026064 from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official view for NCRR or NIH. M.F. is supported by a grant from the Yamada Science Foundation and a fellowship from Dr. Clinton and Missy Kelly. NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0936-6768 J9 REPROD DOMEST ANIM JI Reprod. Domest. Anim. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 47 SU 6 SI SI BP 13 EP 18 DI 10.1111/rda.12067 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 061ZH UT WOS:000312888300004 PM 23279457 ER PT J AU Fujihara, M Comizzoli, P Wildt, DE Songsasen, N AF Fujihara, M. Comizzoli, P. Wildt, D. E. Songsasen, N. TI Cat and Dog Primordial Follicles Enclosed in Ovarian Cortex Sustain Viability after In vitro Culture on Agarose Gel in a Protein-Free Medium SO REPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS LA English DT Article ID STIMULATING-HORMONE; DOMESTIC CAT; TERM CULTURE; AMINO-ACIDS; MATURATION; SURVIVAL; OOCYTES; EMBRYOS; MAINTENANCE; METABOLISM AB Contents Our objective was to examine the influences of differing media, protein supplementation and the microenvironment on cat vs dog primordial follicle viability in vitro. Ovarian cortical slices were cultured for 3, 9 or 15 days in alpha-minimum essential medium (alpha-MEM) or MEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 10% knock-out serum replacement (KSR) or 0.1% polyvinyl alcohol (protein free). In a separate study, cat and dog ovarian tissues were cultured in protein-free alpha-MEM and MEM, respectively, in cell culture inserts, on 1.5% agarose gel or in 24-well cell culture plates (control). Follicle viability was assessed in both studies using calcein AM/ethidium homodimer and histological evaluation with haematoxylin/eosin staining. No cat follicle sustained viability beyond 9 days of in vitro culture in alpha-MEM compared to 37.5% of those incubated for 15 days in MEM in protein-free condition (p < 0.05). In contrast, alpha-MEM was superior (p < 0.05) to MEM in maintaining dog follicle viability (32.7% vs 8.1%) in protein-free condition at 15 days. Serum was detrimental (p < 0.05) to follicle survival in both species. Knock-out serum replacement supplementation and a protein-free condition supported cat follicle viability, whereas the latter was superior (p < 0.05) to the former for sustaining dog follicle survival. Likewise, dog follicle viability was enhanced (p < 0.05) by the agarose gel compared to the cell culture insert and control groups after 3 and 9 days of culture. For the cat, the agarose gel better (p < 0.05) supported follicle viability compared to the control, but was equivalent to the cell culture insert. Therefore, sustaining primordial follicle survival from intracortical ovarian slices requires a different in vitro microenvironment for the cat vs the dog. A key factor to enhancing survival of these early stage follicles in culture appears to be the use of agarose gel, which enhances follicle viability, perhaps by promoting gas exchange. C1 [Fujihara, M.; Comizzoli, P.; Wildt, D. E.; Songsasen, N.] Natl Zool Pk, Ctr Species Survival, Dept Reprod Sci, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. RP Fujihara, M (reprint author), Natl Zool Pk, Ctr Species Survival, Dept Reprod Sci, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM fujiharam@si.edu FU Yamada Science Foundation FX The authors thank veterinary hospitals in Front Royal, Stephens City, Harrisonburg and Winchester, VA areas for providing cat and dog ovaries. The authors also acknowledge Dr. Budhan Pukazhenthi for technical advice. This research was supported by a grant from the Yamada Science Foundation and a gift from Dr. Clint and Missy Kelly to M. F. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0936-6768 J9 REPROD DOMEST ANIM JI Reprod. Domest. Anim. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 47 SU 6 SI SI BP 102 EP 108 DI 10.1111/rda.12022 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 061ZH UT WOS:000312888300023 PM 23279476 ER PT J AU Nestle, E Graves-Herring, J Keefer, C Comizzoli, P AF Nestle, E. Graves-Herring, J. Keefer, C. Comizzoli, P. TI Source of Protein Supplementation during In Vitro Culture does not Affect the Quality of Resulting Blastocysts in the Domestic Cat SO REPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS LA English DT Article ID FETAL BOVINE SERUM; STEM-LIKE CELLS; EMBRYOS; VIVO; FERTILIZATION AB Contents The objective of this study was to assess and compare the quality of cat blastocysts produced in vitro using commercial blastocyst growth media supplemented with different sources of proteins (serum protein substitute from in vitro maturation through embryo development vs 4mg/ml of bovine serum albumin for maturation and 5% foetal calf serum for fertilization and embryo development). Impact was specifically examined on the proportion of blastocyst formation, total number of blastomeres, proportion of inner cell mass and expression of pluripotency marker proteins NANOG and OCT-4. Blastocyst formation per total cleaved embryos was similar (p>0.05) regardless of the protein supplementation. There were no differences (p>0.05) between culture conditions regarding average number of blastomeres and proportion of inner cell mass in each embryo. Presence of OCT-4 protein was detected in nuclei of both trophectoderm and inner cell mass region, with a stronger signal in the latter regardless of the culture medium. NANOG protein also was present in the inner cell mass regardless of the in vitro culture condition. We therefore demonstrated that serum protein substitute was as good as semi-defined protein sources for the production of good-quality blastocysts and embryonic stem cells. In addition, a single defined medium could be successfully used for cat oocyte maturation, in vitro fertilization and embryo development. C1 [Nestle, E.] Univ Maryland, Anim Sci Ctr 2101, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Graves-Herring, J.; Comizzoli, P.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC 20008 USA. RP Nestle, E (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Anim Sci Ctr 2101, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM enestle@umd.edu FU University of Maryland-Smithsonian Institute Joint SEED Grant FX We would like to thank Drs. Michael Cranfield and Brent Whitaker (Maryland Line Animal Rescue), Susan McDonough, DVM, and staff from Animal Birth Control, LLC, as well as the staff and volunteers of Baltimore Animal Rescue and Care Shelter for tissue donation. Funding for this project was provided by the University of Maryland-Smithsonian Institute Joint SEED Grant. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0936-6768 J9 REPROD DOMEST ANIM JI Reprod. Domest. Anim. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 47 SU 6 SI SI BP 152 EP 155 DI 10.1111/rda.12047 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 061ZH UT WOS:000312888300034 PM 23279487 ER PT J AU Phillips, TC Wildt, DE Comizzoli, P AF Phillips, T. C. Wildt, D. E. Comizzoli, P. TI Increase in Histone Methylation in the Cat Germinal Vesicle Related to Acquisition of Meiotic and Developmental Competence SO REPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO; OOCYTES; CHROMATIN; MICE; QUALITY AB Contents This study identified specific changes in histone lysine methylation patterns of the feline germinal vesicle (GV) during pre-antral-to-antral follicle transition, the latter being a key interval for competence acquisition. Oocytes from adult cats were isolated from pre-antral, early (=0.5mm diameter), small (0.61mm) or large (13.5mm) antral follicles and immuno-stained with anti-histones H3 trimethylated at lysine 9 (H3K9me3), lysine 4 (H3K4me3), lysine 27 (H3K27me3) or H3 dimethylated at lysine 79 (H3K79me2). The vast majority of oocytes (range, 72.285.4%; p>0.05) contained a GV with H3K9me3 or H3K27me3, regardless of follicular stage/size. However, the proportion of GVs with H3K4me3 or H3K79me2 was higher in early antral follicles (42.6%; p<0.05) compared with other stages (range, 12.115.2%). Therefore, H3K4me3 and H3K79me2 (both known to be associated with selective gene activation) appear to be reliable markers of onset of GV competence during the pre-antral-to-antral transition phase. By contrast, H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 (both known to be related to selective gene repression) seem more linked to expression patterns during the GV stage and are less useful indicators during the entire folliculogenesis interval. C1 [Phillips, T. C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Ctr Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Wildt, D. E.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA USA. RP Phillips, TC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Ctr Species Survival, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM phillipst@si.edu FU National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01 RR026064]; Office of Research Infrastructure Programs/Office of the Director [R01 OD 010948] FX We thank Drs. Brent Whitaker and Michael Cranfield (Maryland Line Animal Rescue) and Darby Thornburgh (Petworth Animal Hospital) for providing domestic cat ovaries. This project was funded by the National Center for Research Resources (R01 RR026064), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and is currently supported by the Office of Research Infrastructure Programs/Office of the Director (R01 OD 010948). NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0936-6768 J9 REPROD DOMEST ANIM JI Reprod. Domest. Anim. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 47 SU 6 SI SI BP 210 EP 214 DI 10.1111/rda.12052 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 061ZH UT WOS:000312888300049 PM 23279502 ER PT J AU Vansandt, LM Pukazhenthi, BS Keefer, CL AF Vansandt, L. M. Pukazhenthi, B. S. Keefer, C. L. TI Molecular Markers of Spermatogonial Stem Cells in the Domestic Cat SO REPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS LA English DT Article ID UNDIFFERENTIATED SPERMATOGONIA; SELF-RENEWAL; RHESUS MACAQUES; GERM-CELLS; EXPRESSION; CULTURE; MOUSE; TESTIS; SPERMATOGENESIS; DIFFERENTIATION AB Contents Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) represent an exciting new avenue for assisted reproduction in endangered and genetically valuable species. Before this technology can be applied to wildlife, species-specific markers are required to evaluate SSC enrichment strategies and monitor subsequent in vitro culture. This study was designed to evaluate six conserved SSC markers (THY1, GPR125, GFRalpha1, PLZF, UCHL1 and OCT4) in the cat. Testes from three juveniles and three adults were obtained following routine castrations and processed for mRNA extraction. RT-PCR of whole testis and cell suspensions enriched for SSCs by differential plating confirmed that all six SSC markers are expressed in both the whole testis and SSC-enriched cell fractions. The expression of all six putative SSC marker genes in the cat testis suggests conservation of SSC markers, and perhaps self-renewal mechanisms, in felids. C1 [Vansandt, L. M.] Univ Maryland, Anim Sci Ctr 2101, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Pukazhenthi, B. S.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA USA. RP Vansandt, LM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Anim Sci Ctr 2101, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, Bldg 142, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM lindseyvansandt@gmail.com FU University of Maryland-Smithsonian Institute FX We would like to thank Susan McDonough, VMD and staff from Animal Birth Control, LLC; as well as the staff and volunteers of Baltimore Animal Rescue and Care Shelter for tissue donation. Funding for this project was provided by the University of Maryland-Smithsonian Institute Joint SEED Grant. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0936-6768 J9 REPROD DOMEST ANIM JI Reprod. Domest. Anim. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 47 SU 6 SI SI BP 256 EP 260 DI 10.1111/rda.12079 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 061ZH UT WOS:000312888300060 PM 23279513 ER PT J AU Comizzoli, P Wildt, DE AF Comizzoli, P. Wildt, D. E. TI On the Horizon for Fertility Preservation in Domestic and Wild Carnivores SO REPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO; REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCE; CAT; VITRIFICATION; CONSERVATION; SPERMATOZOA; OOCYTES; SPERM; CELLS; MODEL AB Contents Innovations are emerging from the growing field of fertility preservation for humans and laboratory animals that are relevant to protecting and propagating valuable domestic and wild carnivores. These extend beyond the classical approaches associated with sperm, oocyte and embryo freezing to include gonadal tissue preservation combined with in vitro culture or xenografting, all of which have potential for rescuing vast amounts of unused and wasted germplasm. Here, we review approaches under development and predicted to have applied value within the next decade, including the following: (i) direct use of early-stage gametes for in vitro fertilization; (ii) generation of more mature gametes from gonadal tissue or stem cells; (iii) simplification, enhanced safety and efficacy of cryopreservation methods; and (iv) biostabilization of living cells and tissues at ambient temperatures. We believe that all of these fertility preservation strategies will offer knowledge and tools to better manage carnivores that serve as human companions, valuable biomedical models or require assistance to reverse endangerment. C1 [Comizzoli, P.; Wildt, D. E.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Washington, DC 20008 USA. RP Comizzoli, P (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM comizzolip@si.edu FU National Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01 RR026064]; Office of Research Infrastructure Programs/Office of the Director [R01 OD 010948] FX A portion of the described studies was funded by the National Center for Research Resources (R01 RR026064), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), and is currently supported by the Office of Research Infrastructure Programs/Office of the Director (R01 OD 010948). NR 20 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0936-6768 EI 1439-0531 J9 REPROD DOMEST ANIM JI Reprod. Domest. Anim. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 47 SU 6 SI SI BP 261 EP 265 DI 10.1111/rda.12010 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 061ZH UT WOS:000312888300061 PM 23279514 ER PT J AU Tharasanit, T Buarpung, S Manee-In, S Thongkittidilok, C Tiptanavattana, N Comizzoli, P Techakumphu, M AF Tharasanit, T. Buarpung, S. Manee-In, S. Thongkittidilok, C. Tiptanavattana, N. Comizzoli, P. Techakumphu, M. TI Birth of Kittens After the Transfer of Frozen-Thawed Embryos Produced by Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection with Spermatozoa Collected from Cryopreserved Testicular Tissue SO REPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS LA English DT Article ID CAT EMBRYOS; IN-VITRO; INTEGRITY; CULTURE AB Contents The aim of this study is to produce live kittens from oocytes fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with frozen/thawed testicular spermatozoa. Spermatozoa were collected from thawed testicular tissue and subsequently injected into in vitro matured cat oocytes. At 24h post-ICSI, presumptive zygotes/cleaved embryos were treated with 10 mu m forskolin for 24h to reduce intracellular lipid content of embryos (delipidation). At 48h after oocyte injection, cleaved embryos (2- to 8-cell stage) were frozen in 10% (v/v) ethylene glycol-based medium by a slow controlled rate method and stored in liquid nitrogen. To evaluate in vitro and in vivo developmental competence, frozen embryos were thawed and then cultured for 6days (n=155) or cultured for 2h before transferred (n=209) to hormonal (equine chorionic gonadotropin/hCG)-treated cat recipients. Cleavage frequency at day 2 after ICSI with frozen/thawed testicular spermatozoa was 30%. The percentages of frozen/thawed embryos that developed to morula and blastocyst stage (on day 3 and day 6 of in vitro culture, respectively) were significantly lower than that of fresh ICSI embryos (22.6 vs 45.2% and 21.3 vs 38.7%, respectively; p<0.05). However, no difference was found in the number of blastomeres between frozen/thawed (242.5 +/- 43.1) and fresh (320.2 +/- 28.1) blastocysts. Three of seven cat recipients were pregnant and one pregnant cat delivered two healthy kittens. This is the first report of the birth of kittens after the transfer of frozenthawed embryos produced by ICSI with frozen/thawed testicular sperm. C1 [Tharasanit, T.; Buarpung, S.; Thongkittidilok, C.; Tiptanavattana, N.; Techakumphu, M.] Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Obstet Gynaecol & Reprod, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. [Manee-In, S.] Mahidol Univ, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Clin Sci & Publ Hlth, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. [Comizzoli, P.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Dept Reprod Sci, Washington, DC USA. RP Tharasanit, T (reprint author), Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Obstet Gynaecol & Reprod, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. EM theerawat.t@chula.ac.th FU Thailand Research Fund through the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Programme [PHD/0189/2550]; National Research University Project of CHE; Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment fund [HR1166IB-55] FX This study was supported by the Thailand Research Fund through the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Programme (Grant No. PHD/0189/2550) and the National Research University Project of CHE, the Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment fund (HR1166IB-55). Ovaries and testes were kindly provided by The Veterinary Public Health Division of The Bangkok Metropolitan Administration, Bangkok, Thailand. We would like to thank Chanapiwat P. for helping with statistical analysis. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0936-6768 J9 REPROD DOMEST ANIM JI Reprod. Domest. Anim. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 47 SU 6 SI SI BP 305 EP 308 DI 10.1111/rda.12072 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 061ZH UT WOS:000312888300072 PM 23279525 ER PT J AU Wells, K O'Hara, RB Bohm, SM Gockel, S Hemp, A Renner, SC Pfeiffer, S Boehning-Gaese, K Kalko, EKV AF Wells, K. O'Hara, R. B. Boehm, S. M. Gockel, S. Hemp, A. Renner, S. C. Pfeiffer, S. Boehning-Gaese, K. Kalko, E. K. V. TI Trait-dependent occupancy dynamics of birds in temperate forest landscapes: fine-scale observations in a hierarchical multi-species framework SO ANIMAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE bird community; biodiversity conservation; forest management; functional traits; multi-species hierarchical modelling; patch occupancy; silviculture ID REGIONAL SPECIES RICHNESS; COMMUNITY; MODELS; BIODIVERSITY; ABUNDANCE; PATTERNS; FRAGMENTATION; UNCERTAINTY; ENVIRONMENT; DISTURBANCE AB Silvicultural practices lead to changes in forest composition and structure and may impact species diversity from the overall regional species pool to stand-level species occurrence. We explored to what extent fine-scale occupancy patterns in differently managed forest stands are driven by environment and ecological traits in three regions in Germany using a multi-species hierarchical model. We tested for the possible impact of environmental variables and ecological traits on occupancy dynamics in a joint modelling exercise while taking possible variation in coefficient estimates over years and plots into account. Bird species richness differed across regions and years, and trends in species richness across years were different in the three regions. On the species level, forest management affected occupancy of species in all regions, but only 35% of the total assemblage-level variation in occurrence probability was explained by either forest type and successional stage and 1000 km2) protected area complexes, we assessed the influence of environmental variation and human-induced disturbance on tapir occurrence. Tapirs were detected at 13% of locations sampled, significantly associated with evergreen forest (P < 0.001). A multiple logistic regression model predicted tapir presence 87% of the time. According to this model, tapir occurrence was positively influenced by annual rainfall and proximity to the forest edge. However, tapirs may not avoid edges but instead prefer wetter evergreen forest, a habitat type that tended to occur further from the forest edge at higher elevations in our particular study sites (P < 0.001). By comparison, 4 other wild ungulate species that share habitats with tapirs showed a range of differing responses. Tapirs are expected to be less sensitive to disturbance because they are not targets for hunting and trade, and are almost entirely active at night, so avoid peak traffic periods in parks. Tapir populations in Thailand may be more stable than in other parts of their global range because rates of forest loss have decreased >40% over the past 20 years. We recommend surveys to fill gaps in the understanding of the status in lesser-known protected areas, research to better understand the fine-scale environmental influences on behavior and habitats of tapirs, and other forest ungulates, and continued legal status for tapirs in the highest category of protection. C1 [Lynam, Antony J.] WCS, Global Conservat Program, Bronx, NY 10460 USA. [Lynam, Antony J.] IUCN SSC Tapir Specialist Grp, Bangkok, Thailand. [Tantipisanuh, Naruemon; Chutipong, Wanlop; Ngoprasert, Dusit; Gale, George] King Mongkuts Univ Technol Thonburi, Conservat Ecol Program, Bangkok, Thailand. [Baker, Megan C.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA USA. [Cutter, Passanan] Univ Minnesota, Conservat Biol Program, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kitamura, Shumpei] Museum Nat & Human Act, Sanda, Japan. [Sukmasuang, Ronglarp] Kasetsart Univ, Dept Forest Biol, Bangkok, Thailand. [Steinmetz, Robert] WWF Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand. [Thunhikorn, Somying] Dept Natl Pk Wildlife & Plants Conservat, Wildlife Res Div, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Lynam, AJ (reprint author), WCS, Global Conservat Program, So Blvd, Bronx, NY 10460 USA. EM tlynam@wcs.org OI Lynam, Antony/0000-0002-8395-7902 FU TRF/BIOTEC Special Program for Biodiversity Research and Training grant, Thailand; Kasetsart University; Clouded Leopard Project; Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute; TRF/BIOTEC Special Program for Biodiversity Research and Training grant [BRT-R353008, BRT-R346001]; Wildlife Conservation Society, Thailand; WWF Thailand FX We are grateful to the TRF/BIOTEC Special Program for Biodiversity Research and Training grant, Thailand, Kasetsart University, Clouded Leopard Project, and the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute for providing funding for the initial conference that brought together all the authors to discuss collaboration. We thank the Wildlife Conservation Society, Thailand and WWF Thailand for allowing participants to use data collected under their auspices. W. Chutipong and D. Ngoprasert were funded by the TRF/BIOTEC Special Program for Biodiversity Research and Training grant BRT-R353008 and BRT-R346001. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 58 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1749-4877 J9 INTEGR ZOOL JI Integr. Zool. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 7 IS 4 BP 389 EP 399 DI 10.1111/1749-4877.12002 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 055YS UT WOS:000312454600007 PM 23253370 ER PT J AU Mathy, CJM Zvonarev, MB Demler, E AF Mathy, Charles J. M. Zvonarev, Mikhail B. Demler, Eugene TI Quantum flutter of supersonic particles in one-dimensional quantum liquids SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID IMPENETRABLE BOSONS; REPULSIVE POLARONS; BOSE-GAS; SYSTEMS; RELAXATION; COHERENCE AB Fast obstacles in a medium are responsible for striking physical phenomena, such as aerodynamic flutter, Cerenkov radiation and acoustic shock waves. In a hydrodynamic picture, quantum systems exhibit analogues of these dynamical features. Here we uncover novel quantum dynamics induced by fast particles by considering impurities injected supersonically into a one-dimensional quantum liquid. We find that the injected particle never comes to a full stop, at odds with conventional expectations of relaxation. Furthermore the system excites a new type of collective mode, manifesting itself in several observable quantities, such as long-lived oscillations in the velocity of the injected particle and simultaneous oscillations of the correlation hole formed around the impurity. These features are inherently quantum-mechanical and provide an example of a dynamically formed quantum coherent state propagating through a many-body environment while maintaining its coherence. The signatures of these effects can be probed directly with existing experimental tools. C1 [Mathy, Charles J. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mathy, Charles J. M.; Zvonarev, Mikhail B.; Demler, Eugene] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zvonarev, Mikhail B.] Univ Paris 11, Lab LPTMS, UMR8626, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Zvonarev, Mikhail B.] CNRS, F-91405 Orsay, France. RP Mathy, CJM (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM cmathy@cfa.harvard.edu NR 49 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 13 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 EI 1745-2481 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 8 IS 12 BP 881 EP 886 DI 10.1038/NPHYS2455 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 048CQ UT WOS:000311888200015 ER PT J AU Immer, K Menten, KM Schuller, F Lis, DC AF Immer, K. Menten, K. M. Schuller, F. Lis, D. C. TI A multi-wavelength view of the Galactic center dust ridge reveals little star formation SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: center; stars: formation; H II regions ID MOLECULAR CLOUD; MILKY-WAY; REGION; COLD; NEIGHBORHOOD; HERSCHEL; DISTANCE; CATALOG; PLANE AB The Galactic center dust ridge consists of a narrow string of massive condensations, first identified in submillimeter dust continuum emission. To determine whether new high-mass stars are forming in this region, we performed new observations at 870 mu m with the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment (APEX) telescope and at 8.4 GHz with the Very Large Array. We complement our data with recent maser and mid-infrared results. The ridge's clouds are dark at mid-infrared wavelengths, indicating the presence of cold, high column density material. In combination with existing temperature measurements in the dust ridge, we determine masses of the largest clouds. The results show that the dust ridge contains a very massive reservoir of molecular material. We find five radio continuum sources at 8.4 GHz in the general dust ridge vicinity, but outside of the dust ridge clouds. They are likely all excited by massive young stars, whose properties we constrain. Our observations exclude the existence of zero age main sequence stars with spectral types earlier than B0.5 within the dust ridge clouds. The only indication of ongoing high-mass star formation inside the clouds are class II methanol masers that are found in two of the clouds. Except for a weak water maser, found in previous observations, no signs of star formation are detected in the most massive cloud, M0.25+0.012. C1 [Immer, K.; Menten, K. M.; Schuller, F.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Immer, K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Schuller, F.] ESO, Santiago 19, Chile. [Lis, D. C.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Immer, K (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. EM kimmer@mpifr-bonn.mpg.de NR 30 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 548 AR A120 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201219182 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 048HF UT WOS:000311901200120 ER PT J AU Lestrade, JF Matthews, BC Sibthorpe, B Kennedy, GM Wyatt, MC Bryden, G Greaves, JS Thilliez, E Moro-Martin, A Booth, M Dent, WRF Duchene, G Harvey, PM Horner, J Kalas, P Kavelaars, JJ Phillips, NM Rodriguez, DR Su, KYL Wilner, DJ AF Lestrade, J. -F. Matthews, B. C. Sibthorpe, B. Kennedy, G. M. Wyatt, M. C. Bryden, G. Greaves, J. S. Thilliez, E. Moro-Martin, A. Booth, M. Dent, W. R. F. Duchene, G. Harvey, P. M. Horner, J. Kalas, P. Kavelaars, J. J. Phillips, N. M. Rodriguez, D. R. Su, K. Y. L. Wilner, D. J. TI A DEBRIS disk around the planet hosting M-star GJ 581 spatially resolved with Herschel SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; planetary systems; planets and satellites: formation ID SOLAR-TYPE STARS; LOW-MASS STARS; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; SUN-LIKE STARS; M-CIRCLE-PLUS; AU-MICROSCOPII; M-DWARFS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; HABITABLE ZONE; COLLISIONAL EVOLUTION AB Debris disks have been found primarily around intermediate and solar mass stars (spectral types A-K) but rarely around low mass M-type stars. We have spatially resolved a debris disk around the remarkable M3-type star GJ 581 hosting multiple planets using deep PACS images at 70, 100 and 160 mu m as part of the DEBRIS Program on the Herschel Space Observatory. This is the second spatially resolved debris disk found around an M-type star, after the one surrounding the young star AU Mic (12 Myr). However, GJ 581 is much older (2-8 Gyr), and is X-ray quiet in the ROSAT data. We fit an axisymmetric model of the disk to the three PACS images and found that the best fit model is for a disk extending radially from 25 +/- 12 AU to more than 60 AU. Such a cold disk is reminiscent of the Kuiper belt but it surrounds a low mass star (0.3 M-circle dot) and its fractional dust luminosity L-dust/L-* of similar to 10(-4) is much higher. The inclination limits of the disk found in our analysis make the masses of the planets small enough to ensure the long-term stability of the system according to some dynamical simulations. The disk is collisionally dominated down to submicron-sized grains and the dust cannot be expelled from the system by r;adiation or wind pressures because of the low luminosity and low X-ray luminosity of GJ 581. We suggest that the correlation between low-mass planets and debris disks recently found for G-type stars also applies to M-type stars. Finally, the known planets, of low masses and orbiting within 0.3 AU from the star, cannot dynamically perturb the disk over the age of the star, suggesting that an additional planet exists at larger distance that is stirring the disk to replenish the dust. C1 [Lestrade, J. -F.; Thilliez, E.] CNRS, Observ Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Matthews, B. C.; Kavelaars, J. J.] Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Inst Astrophys HIA, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Sibthorpe, B.] Royal Observ, UK Astron Technol Ctr UKATC, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Kennedy, G. M.; Wyatt, M. C.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron IoA, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Bryden, G.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Greaves, J. S.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Moro-Martin, A.] Ctr Astrobiol, Dept Astrophys, Madrid 28850, Spain. [Matthews, B. C.; Booth, M.; Kavelaars, J. J.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada. [Dent, W. R. F.; Phillips, N. M.] ALMA JAO, Santiago, Chile. [Duchene, G.; Kalas, P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Duchene, G.] UJF Grenoble 1 CNRS INSU, IPAG, F-38041 Grenoble, France. [Kalas, P.] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Harvey, P. M.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Horner, J.] Univ New S Wales, Dept Astrophys & Opt, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Rodriguez, D. R.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Su, K. Y. L.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Wilner, D. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Lestrade, JF (reprint author), CNRS, Observ Paris, 61 Av Observ, F-75014 Paris, France. EM jean-francois.lestrade@obspm.fr OI Booth, Mark/0000-0001-8568-6336; Horner, Jonti/0000-0002-1160-7970; Su, Kate/0000-0002-3532-5580; Kennedy, Grant/0000-0001-6831-7547 FU Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES); Australian government through ARC Grant [DP0774000]; Space Science Enhancement Program grant from the Canadian Space Agency FX The Herschel spacecraft was designed, built, tested, and launched under a contract to ESA managed by the Herschel/Planck Project team by an industrial consortium under the overall responsibility of the prime contractor Thales Alenia Space (Cannes), and including Astrium (Friedrichshafen) responsible for the payload module and for system testing at spacecraft level, Thales Alenia Space (Turin) responsible for the service module, and Astrium (Toulouse) responsible for the telescope, with in excess of a hundred subcontractors. We thank Ben Zuckerman for comments on a draft of this article. J.F.L. gratefully acknowledges the financial support of Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). J.H. gratefully acknowledges the financial support of the Australian government through ARC Grant DP0774000. M.B. is funded through a Space Science Enhancement Program grant from the Canadian Space Agency. NR 109 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 548 AR A86 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201220325 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 048HF UT WOS:000311901200086 ER PT J AU Paris, I Petitjean, P Aubourg, E Bailey, S Ross, NP Myers, AD Strauss, MA Anderson, SF Arnau, E Bautista, J Bizyaev, D Bolton, AS Bovy, J Brandt, WN Brewington, H Browstein, JR Busca, N Capellupo, D Carithers, W Croft, RAC Dawson, K Delubac, T Ebelke, G Eisenstein, DJ Engelke, P Fan, X Ak, NF Finley, H Font-Ribera, A Ge, J Gibson, RR Hall, PB Hamann, F Hennawi, JF Ho, S Hogg, DW Ivezic, Z Jiang, L Kimball, AE Kirkby, D Kirkpatrick, JA Lee, KG Le Goff, JM Lundgren, B MacLeod, CL Malanushenko, E Malanushenko, V Maraston, C McGreer, ID McMahon, RG Miralda-Escude, J Muna, D Noterdaeme, P Oravetz, D Palanque-Delabrouille, N Pan, K Perez-Fournon, I Pieri, MM Richards, GT Rollinde, E Sheldon, ES Schlegel, DJ Schneider, DP Slosar, A Shelden, A Shen, Y Simmons, A Snedden, S Suzuki, N Tinker, J Viel, M Weaver, BA Weinberg, DH White, M Wood-Vasey, WM Yeche, C AF Paris, I. Petitjean, P. Aubourg, E. Bailey, S. Ross, N. P. Myers, A. D. Strauss, M. A. Anderson, S. F. Arnau, E. Bautista, J. Bizyaev, D. Bolton, A. S. Bovy, J. Brandt, W. N. Brewington, H. Browstein, J. R. Busca, N. Capellupo, D. Carithers, W. Croft, R. A. C. Dawson, K. Delubac, T. Ebelke, G. Eisenstein, D. J. Engelke, P. Fan, X. Ak, N. Filiz Finley, H. Font-Ribera, A. Ge, J. Gibson, R. R. Hall, P. B. Hamann, F. Hennawi, J. F. Ho, S. Hogg, D. W. Ivezic, Z. Jiang, L. Kimball, A. E. Kirkby, D. Kirkpatrick, J. A. Lee, K. -G. Le Goff, J. -M. Lundgren, B. MacLeod, C. L. Malanushenko, E. Malanushenko, V. Maraston, C. McGreer, I. D. McMahon, R. G. Miralda-Escude, J. Muna, D. Noterdaeme, P. Oravetz, D. Palanque-Delabrouille, N. Pan, K. Perez-Fournon, I. Pieri, M. M. Richards, G. T. Rollinde, E. Sheldon, E. S. Schlegel, D. J. Schneider, D. P. Slosar, A. Shelden, A. Shen, Y. Simmons, A. Snedden, S. Suzuki, N. Tinker, J. Viel, M. Weaver, B. A. Weinberg, D. H. White, M. Wood-Vasey, W. M. Yeche, C. TI The Sloan Digital Sky Survey quasar catalog: ninth data release SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE catalogs; surveys; quasars: general ID BROAD ABSORPTION-LINE; OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; QSO REDSHIFT SURVEY; EFFICIENT PHOTOMETRIC SELECTION; 7TH DATA RELEASE; 3RD DATA RELEASE; STELLAR OBJECTS; TARGET SELECTION; SDSS-III; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION AB We present the Data Release 9 Quasar (DR9Q) catalog from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III. The catalog includes all BOSS objects that were targeted as quasar candidates during the survey, are spectrocopically confirmed as quasars via visual inspection, have luminosities M-i[z = 2] < -20.5 (in a Lambda CDM cosmology with H-0 = 70 km s(-1) Mpc(-1), Omega(M) = 0.3, and Omega(Lambda) = 0.7) and either display at least one emission line with full width at half maximum (FWHM) larger than 500 km s(-1) or, if not, have interesting/complex absorption features. It includes as well, known quasars (mostly from SDSS-I and II) that were reobserved by BOSS. This catalog contains 87 822 quasars (78 086 are new discoveries) detected over 3275 deg(2) with robust identification and redshift measured by a combination of principal component eigenspectra newly derived from a training set of 8632 spectra from SDSS-DR7. The number of quasars with z > 2.15 (61 931) is similar to 2.8 times larger than the number of z > 2.15 quasars previously known. Redshifts and FWHMs are provided for the strongest emission lines (C IV, C III], Mg II). The catalog identifies 7533 broad absorption line quasars and gives their characteristics. For each object the catalog presents five-band (u, g, r, i, z) CCD-based photometry with typical accuracy of 0.03 mag, and information on the morphology and selection method. The catalog also contains X-ray, ultraviolet, near-infrared, and radio emission properties of the quasars, when available, from other large-area surveys. The calibrated digital spectra cover the wavelength region 3600-10 500 angstrom at a spectral resolution in the range 1300 < R < 2500; the spectra can be retrieved from the SDSS Catalog Archive Server. We also provide a supplemental list of an additional 949 quasars that have been identified, among galaxy targets of the BOSS or among quasar targets after DR9 was frozen. C1 [Paris, I.; Petitjean, P.; Finley, H.; Noterdaeme, P.; Rollinde, E.] UPMC CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR 7095, F-75014 Paris, France. [Paris, I.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Aubourg, E.; Bautista, J.; Busca, N.] Univ Paris Diderot, APC, CNRS IN2P3, CEA Irfu,Observ Paris,Sorbonne Paris Cite, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Bailey, S.; Ross, N. P.; Carithers, W.; Font-Ribera, A.; Kirkpatrick, J. A.; Schlegel, D. J.; Suzuki, N.; White, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Myers, A. D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Myers, A. D.; Hennawi, J. F.; Lee, K. -G.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Strauss, M. A.] Princeton Univ Observ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Anderson, S. F.; Gibson, R. R.; Ivezic, Z.; Kimball, A. E.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Arnau, E.; MacLeod, C. L.; Miralda-Escude, J.] Inst Ciencies Cosmos IEEC UB, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. [Bizyaev, D.; Brewington, H.; Ebelke, G.; Malanushenko, E.; Malanushenko, V.; Oravetz, D.; Pan, K.; Shelden, A.; Simmons, A.; Snedden, S.] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. [Bolton, A. S.; Browstein, J. R.; Dawson, K.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Bovy, J.] Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Brandt, W. N.; Ak, N. Filiz; Schneider, D. P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Brandt, W. N.; Ak, N. Filiz; Schneider, D. P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Capellupo, D.; Ge, J.; Hamann, F.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Capellupo, D.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Croft, R. A. C.; Ho, S.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Delubac, T.; Le Goff, J. -M.; Palanque-Delabrouille, N.; Yeche, C.] CEA, Ctr Saclay, Irfu SPP, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Eisenstein, D. J.; Shen, Y.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Engelke, P.; Lundgren, B.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Fan, X.; Jiang, L.; McGreer, I. D.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Ak, N. Filiz] Erciyes Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Astron & Space Sci, TR-38039 Kayseri, Turkey. [Font-Ribera, A.] Univ Zurich, Inst Theoret Phys, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Hall, P. B.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Hogg, D. W.; Muna, D.; Tinker, J.; Weaver, B. A.] New York Univ, Dept Phys, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Kimball, A. E.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Kirkby, D.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Lee, K. -G.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Maraston, C.; Pieri, M. M.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth P01 3FX, Hants, England. [McMahon, R. G.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Miralda-Escude, J.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Catalonia, Spain. [Perez-Fournon, I.] IAC, San Cristobal la Laguna 38200, Tenerife, Spain. [Perez-Fournon, I.] ULL, Dept Astrofis, San Cristobal la Laguna 38205, Tenerife, Spain. [Richards, G. T.] Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Sheldon, E. S.; Slosar, A.] 5 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11375 USA. [Suzuki, N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Viel, M.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Viel, M.] INFN Natl Inst Nucl Phys, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Weinberg, D. H.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Weinberg, D. H.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & AstroParticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Wood-Vasey, W. M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, PITT PACC, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Paris, I (reprint author), UPMC CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR 7095, F-75014 Paris, France. EM paris@iap.fr RI Le Goff, Jean-Marc/E-7629-2013; Ho, Shirley/P-3682-2014; Filiz Ak, Nurten/C-9686-2015; White, Martin/I-3880-2015; Brandt, William/N-2844-2015; Jiang, Linhua/H-5485-2016; Croft, Rupert/N-8707-2014; OI Finley, Hayley/0000-0002-1216-8914; Ho, Shirley/0000-0002-1068-160X; Bovy, Jo/0000-0001-6855-442X; Filiz Ak, Nurten/0000-0003-3016-5490; White, Martin/0000-0001-9912-5070; Brandt, William/0000-0002-0167-2453; Jiang, Linhua/0000-0003-4176-6486; Croft, Rupert/0000-0003-0697-2583; Miralda-Escude, Jordi/0000-0002-2316-8370; Viel, Matteo/0000-0002-2642-5707; McMahon, Richard/0000-0001-8447-8869; Hogg, David/0000-0003-2866-9403 FU Center of Excellence in Astrophysics and Associated Technologies [PFB 06]; Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-08-BLAN-0222]; NSF [AST-1108604]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; University of Cambridge; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University FX I.P. received partial support from Center of Excellence in Astrophysics and Associated Technologies (PFB 06). The French Participation Group to SDSS-III was supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche under contract ANR-08-BLAN-0222. W.N.B. and N.F.-A. gratefully acknowledge support from NSF AST-1108604. A. D. M. is a research fellow of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation of Germany. Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the US Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. NR 97 TC 109 Z9 110 U1 2 U2 9 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 548 AR A66 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201220142 PG 28 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 048HF UT WOS:000311901200066 ER PT J AU Smolcic, V Aravena, M Navarrete, F Schinnerer, E Riechers, DA Bertoldi, F Feruglio, C Finoguenov, A Salvato, M Sargent, M McCracken, HJ Albrecht, M Karim, A Capak, P Carilli, CL Cappelluti, N Elvis, M Ilbert, O Kartaltepe, J Lilly, S Sanders, D Sheth, K Scoville, NZ Taniguchi, Y AF Smolcic, V. Aravena, M. Navarrete, F. Schinnerer, E. Riechers, D. A. Bertoldi, F. Feruglio, C. Finoguenov, A. Salvato, M. Sargent, M. McCracken, H. J. Albrecht, M. Karim, A. Capak, P. Carilli, C. L. Cappelluti, N. Elvis, M. Ilbert, O. Kartaltepe, J. Lilly, S. Sanders, D. Sheth, K. Scoville, N. Z. Taniguchi, Y. TI Millimeter imaging of submillimeter galaxies in the COSMOS field: redshift distribution SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE surveys; galaxies: starburst; galaxies: fundamental parameters; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: statistics; submillimeter: galaxies ID EVOLUTION SURVEY COSMOS; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; MOLECULAR GAS; SOURCE CATALOG; SPACE-TELESCOPE; LABOCA SURVEY; MIDINFRARED COUNTERPARTS; PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS; STARBURST GALAXIES; SPECTRAL INDEX AB We present new IRAM Plateau de Bure interferometer (PdBI) 1.3 mm continuum observations at similar to 1.5 '' resolution of 28 submillimeter galaxies (SMGs), previously discovered with the 870 mu m bolometer LABOCA at the APEX telescope from the central 0.7 deg(2) of the COSMOS field. Nineteen out of the 28 LABOCA sources were detected with PdBI at a greater than or similar to 3 sigma level of approximate to 1.4 mJy/beam. A combined analysis of this new sample with existing interferometrically identified SMGs in the COSMOS field yields the following results: i) greater than or similar to 15%, and possibly up to similar to 40% of single-dish detected SMGs consist of multiple sources; ii) statistical analysis of multi-wavelength counterparts to single-dish SMGs shows that only similar to 50% have real radio or IR counterparts; iii) similar to 18% of interferometric SMGs have either no multi-wavelength counterpart or only a radio-counterpart; and iv) similar to 50-70% of z greater than or similar to 3 SMGs have no radio counterparts (down to an rms of 7-12 mu Jy at 1.4 GHz). Using the exact interferometric positions to identify the multi-wavelength counterparts allows us to determine accurate photometric redshifts for these sources. The redshift distributions of the combined and the individual 1.1 mm and 870 mu m selected samples shows a higher mean and a broader width than those derived in previous studies. This study finds that on average brighter and/or mm-selected SMGs are located at higher redshifts, consistent with previous studies. The mean redshift for the 1.1 mm selected sample ((z) over bar = 3.1 +/- 0.4) is tentatively higher than that for the 870 mu m selected sample ((z) over bar = 2.6 +/- 0.4). Based on our nearly complete sample of AzTEC 1.1 mm SMGs in a 0.15 deg(2) area, we infer a higher surface density of z greater than or similar to 4 SMGs than predicted by current cosmological models. In summary, our findings imply that interferometric identifications at (sub-) millimeter wavelengths are crucial to build statistically complete and unbiased samples of SMGs. C1 [Smolcic, V.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Smolcic, V.; Navarrete, F.; Bertoldi, F.; Albrecht, M.] Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Smolcic, V.] Univ Zagreb, Dept Phys, Zagreb 10002, Croatia. [Aravena, M.] European So Observ, Santiago 19, Chile. [Navarrete, F.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Schinnerer, E.; Karim, A.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Riechers, D. A.; Capak, P.; Scoville, N. Z.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Feruglio, C.] Inst Radio Astron Millimetr, F-38406 St Martin Dheres, France. [Finoguenov, A.; Salvato, M.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Sargent, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, Lab AIM Paris Saclay, CE Saclay,CEA,DSM,Irfu, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [McCracken, H. J.] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Carilli, C. L.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Cappelluti, N.] Osservatorio Astron Bologna, INAF, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Elvis, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ilbert, O.] Univ Provence, CNRS, Lab Astrophys Marseille, F-13376 Marseille 12, France. [Kartaltepe, J.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Lilly, S.] ETH, Inst Astron, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Sanders, D.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Sheth, K.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Taniguchi, Y.] Ehime Univ, Res Ctr Space & Cosm Evolut, Matsuyama, Ehime 7908577, Japan. EM vs@astro.uni-bonn.de RI Aravena, Manuel/O-2361-2014; OI Cappelluti, Nico/0000-0002-1697-186X; Schinnerer, Eva/0000-0002-3933-7677 FU European Community [229517]; DFG-SFB [956]; DFG [1573] FX We thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments on the manuscript. Based on data products from observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under ESO programme ID 179.A-2005 and on data products produced by TERAPIX and the Cambridge Astronomy Survey Unit on behalf of the UltraVISTA consortium. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (/FP7/2007-2013/) under grant agreement No. 229517 and through the DFG-SFB 956 and the DFG Priority Program 1573. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. NR 95 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 548 AR A4 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201219368 PG 34 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 048HF UT WOS:000311901200004 ER PT J AU Ahn, CP Alexandroff, R Prieto, CA Anderson, SF Anderton, T Andrews, BH Aubourg, E Bailey, S Balbinot, E Barnes, R Bautista, J Beers, TC Beifiori, A Berlind, AA Bhardwaj, V Bizyaev, D Blake, CH Blanton, MR Blomqvist, M Bochanski, JJ Bolton, AS Borde, A Bovy, J Brandt, WN Brinkmann, J Brown, PJ Brownstein, JR Bundy, K Busca, NG Carithers, W Carnero, AR Carr, MA Casetti-Dinescu, DI Chen, YM Chiappini, C Comparat, J Connolly, N Crepp, JR Cristiani, S Croft, RAC Cuesta, AJ da Costa, LN Davenport, JRA Dawson, KS de Putter, R De Lee, N Delubac, T Dhital, S Ealet, A Ebelke, GL Edmondson, EM Eisenstein, DJ Escoffier, S Esposito, M Evans, ML Fan, XH Castella, BF Alvar, EF Ferreira, LD Ak, NF Finley, H Fleming, SW Font-Ribera, A Frinchaboy, PM Garcia-Hernandez, DA Perez, AEG Ge, J Genova-Santos, R Gillespie, BA Girardi, L Hernandez, JIG Grebel, EK Gunn, JE Guo, H Haggard, D Hamilton, JC Harris, DW Hawley, SL Hearty, FR Ho, S Hogg, DW Holtzman, JA Honscheid, K Huehnerhoff, J Ivans, II Ivezic, Z Jacobson, HR Jiang, LH Johansson, J Johnson, JA Kauffmann, G Kirkby, D Kirkpatrick, JA Klaene, MA Knapp, GR Kneib, JP Le Goff, JM Leauthaud, A Lee, KG Lee, YS Long, DC Loomis, CP Lucatello, S Lundgren, B Lupton, RH Ma, B Ma, ZB MacDonald, N Mack, CE Mahadevan, S Maia, MAG Majewski, SR Makler, M Malanushenko, E Malanushenko, V Manchado, A Mandelbaum, R Manera, M Maraston, C Margala, D Martell, SL McBride, CK McGreer, ID McMahon, RG Menard, B Meszaros, S Miralda-Escude, J Montero-Dorta, AD Montesano, F Morrison, HL Muna, D Munn, JA Murayama, H Myers, AD Neto, AF Nguyen, DC Nichol, RC Nidever, DL Noterdaeme, P Nuza, SE Ogando, RLC Olmstead, MD Oravetz, DJ Owen, R Padmanabhan, N Palanque-Delabrouille, N Pan, KK Parejko, JK Parihar, P Paris, I Pattarakijwanich, P Pepper, J Percival, WJ Perez-Fournon, I Perez-Rafols, I Petitjean, P Pforr, J Pieri, MM Pinsonneault, MH de Mello, GFP Prada, F Price-Whelan, AM Raddick, MJ Rebolo, R Rich, J Richards, GT Robin, AC Rocha-Pinto, HJ Rockosi, CM Roe, NA Ross, AJ Ross, NP Rossi, G Rubino-Martin, JA Samushia, L Almeida, JS Sanchez, AG Santiago, B Sayres, C Schlegel, DJ Schlesinger, KJ Schmidt, SJ Schneider, DP Schultheis, M Schwope, AD Scoccola, CG Seljak, U Sheldon, E Shen, Y Shu, YP Simmerer, J Simmons, AE Skibba, RA Skrutskie, MF Slosar, A Sobreira, F Sobeck, JS Stassun, KG Steele, O Steinmetz, M Strauss, MA Streblyanska, A Suzuki, N Swanson, MEC Tal, T Thakar, AR Thomas, D Thompson, BA Tinker, JL Tojeiro, R Tremonti, CA Magana, MV Verde, L Viel, M Vikas, SK Vogt, NP Wake, DA Wang, J Weaver, BA Weinberg, DH Weiner, BJ West, AA White, M Wilson, JC Wisniewski, JP Wood-Vasey, WM Yanny, B Yeche, C York, DG Zamora, O Zasowski, G Zehavi, I Zhao, GB Zheng, Z Zhu, GT Zinn, JC AF Ahn, Christopher P. Alexandroff, Rachael Prieto, Carlos Allende Anderson, Scott F. Anderton, Timothy Andrews, Brett H. Aubourg, Eric Bailey, Stephen Balbinot, Eduardo Barnes, Rory Bautista, Julian Beers, Timothy C. Beifiori, Alessandra Berlind, Andreas A. Bhardwaj, Vaishali Bizyaev, Dmitry Blake, Cullen H. Blanton, Michael R. Blomqvist, Michael Bochanski, John J. Bolton, Adam S. Borde, Arnaud Bovy, Jo Brandt, W. N. Brinkmann, J. Brown, Peter J. Brownstein, Joel R. Bundy, Kevin Busca, N. G. Carithers, William Carnero, Aurelio R. Carr, Michael A. Casetti-Dinescu, Dana I. Chen, Yanmei Chiappini, Cristina Comparat, Johan Connolly, Natalia Crepp, Justin R. Cristiani, Stefano Croft, Rupert A. C. Cuesta, Antonio J. da Costa, Luiz N. Davenport, James R. A. Dawson, Kyle S. de Putter, Roland De Lee, Nathan Delubac, Timothee Dhital, Saurav Ealet, Anne Ebelke, Garrett L. Edmondson, Edward M. Eisenstein, Daniel J. Escoffier, S. Esposito, Massimiliano Evans, Michael L. Fan, Xiaohui Castella, Bruno Femenia Alvar, Emma Fernandez Ferreira, Leticia D. Ak, N. Filiz Finley, Hayley Fleming, Scott W. Font-Ribera, Andreu Frinchaboy, Peter M. Garcia-Hernandez, D. A. Garcia Perez, A. E. Ge, Jian Genova-Santos, R. Gillespie, Bruce A. Girardi, Leo Gonzalez Hernandez, Jonay I. Grebel, Eva K. Gunn, James E. Guo, Hong Haggard, Daryl Hamilton, Jean-Christophe Harris, David W. Hawley, Suzanne L. Hearty, Frederick R. Ho, Shirley Hogg, David W. Holtzman, Jon A. Honscheid, Klaus Huehnerhoff, J. Ivans, Inese I. Ivezic, Zeljko Jacobson, Heather R. Jiang, Linhua Johansson, Jonas Johnson, Jennifer A. Kauffmann, Guinevere Kirkby, David Kirkpatrick, Jessica A. Klaene, Mark A. Knapp, Gillian R. Kneib, Jean-Paul Le Goff, Jean-Marc Leauthaud, Alexie Lee, Khee-Gan Lee, Young Sun Long, Daniel C. Loomis, Craig P. Lucatello, Sara Lundgren, Britt Lupton, Robert H. Ma, Bo Ma, Zhibo MacDonald, Nicholas Mack, Claude E., III Mahadevan, Suvrath Maia, Marcio A. G. Majewski, Steven R. Makler, Martin Malanushenko, Elena Malanushenko, Viktor Manchado, A. Mandelbaum, Rachel Manera, Marc Maraston, Claudia Margala, Daniel Martell, Sarah L. McBride, Cameron K. McGreer, Ian D. McMahon, Richard G. Menard, Brice Meszaros, Sz. Miralda-Escude, Jordi Montero-Dorta, Antonio D. Montesano, Francesco Morrison, Heather L. Muna, Demitri Munn, Jeffrey A. Murayama, Hitoshi Myers, Adam D. Neto, A. F. Duy Cuong Nguyen Nichol, Robert C. Nidever, David L. Noterdaeme, Pasquier Nuza, Sebastian E. Ogando, Ricardo L. C. Olmstead, Matthew D. Oravetz, Daniel J. Owen, Russell Padmanabhan, Nikhil Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie Pan, Kaike Parejko, John K. Parihar, Prachi Paris, Isabelle Pattarakijwanich, Petchara Pepper, Joshua Percival, Will J. Perez-Fournon, Ismael Perez-Rafols, Ignasi Petitjean, Patrick Pforr, Janine Pieri, Matthew M. Pinsonneault, Marc H. Porto de Mello, G. F. Prada, Francisco Price-Whelan, Adrian M. Raddick, M. Jordan Rebolo, Rafael Rich, James Richards, Gordon T. Robin, Annie C. Rocha-Pinto, Helio J. Rockosi, Constance M. Roe, Natalie A. Ross, Ashley J. Ross, Nicholas P. Rossi, Graziano Rubino-Martin, J. A. Samushia, Lado Almeida, J. Sanchez Sanchez, Ariel G. Santiago, Basilio Sayres, Conor Schlegel, David J. Schlesinger, Katharine J. Schmidt, Sarah J. Schneider, Donald P. Schultheis, Mathias Schwope, Axel D. Scoccola, C. G. Seljak, Uros Sheldon, Erin Shen, Yue Shu, Yiping Simmerer, Jennifer Simmons, Audrey E. Skibba, Ramin A. Skrutskie, M. F. Slosar, A. Sobreira, Flavia Sobeck, Jennifer S. Stassun, Keivan G. Steele, Oliver Steinmetz, Matthias Strauss, Michael A. Streblyanska, Alina Suzuki, Nao Swanson, Molly E. C. Tal, Tomer Thakar, Aniruddha R. Thomas, Daniel Thompson, Benjamin A. Tinker, Jeremy L. Tojeiro, Rita Tremonti, Christy A. Magana, M. Vargas Verde, Licia Viel, Matteo Vikas, Shailendra K. Vogt, Nicole P. Wake, David A. Wang, Ji Weaver, Benjamin A. Weinberg, David H. Weiner, Benjamin J. West, Andrew A. White, Martin Wilson, John C. Wisniewski, John P. Wood-Vasey, W. M. Yanny, Brian Yeche, Christophe York, Donald G. Zamora, O. Zasowski, Gail Zehavi, Idit Zhao, Gong-Bo Zheng, Zheng Zhu, Guangtun Zinn, Joel C. TI THE NINTH DATA RELEASE OF THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY: FIRST SPECTROSCOPIC DATA FROM THE SDSS-III BARYON OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE atlases; catalogs; surveys ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES; 7TH DATA RELEASE; TARGET SELECTION; POPULATION SYNTHESIS; OPEN CLUSTERS; MILKY-WAY; SAMPLE; SEGUE; RESOLUTION AB The Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS-III) presents the first spectroscopic data from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). This ninth data release (DR9) of the SDSS project includes 535,995 new galaxy spectra (median z similar to 0.52), 102,100 new quasar spectra (median z similar to 2.32), and 90,897 new stellar spectra, along with the data presented in previous data releases. These spectra were obtained with the new BOSS spectrograph and were taken between 2009 December and 2011 July. In addition, the stellar parameters pipeline, which determines radial velocities, surface temperatures, surface gravities, and metallicities of stars, has been updated and refined with improvements in temperature estimates for stars with T-eff < 5000 K and in metallicity estimates for stars with [Fe/H] > -0.5. DR9 includes new stellar parameters for all stars presented in DR8, including stars from SDSS-I and II, as well as those observed as part of the SEGUE-2. The astrometry error introduced in the DR8 imaging catalogs has been corrected in the DR9 data products. The next data release for SDSS-III will be in Summer 2013, which will present the first data from the APOGEE along with another year of data from BOSS, followed by the final SDSS-III data release in 2014 December. C1 [Alexandroff, Rachael; Blake, Cullen H.; Carr, Michael A.; Gunn, James E.; Knapp, Gillian R.; Loomis, Craig P.; Lupton, Robert H.; Mandelbaum, Rachel; Parihar, Prachi; Pattarakijwanich, Petchara; Strauss, Michael A.; Zinn, Joel C.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Ahn, Christopher P.; Anderton, Timothy; Bolton, Adam S.; Brown, Peter J.; Brownstein, Joel R.; Dawson, Kyle S.; Harris, David W.; Ivans, Inese I.; Montero-Dorta, Antonio D.; Olmstead, Matthew D.; Shu, Yiping; Simmerer, Jennifer; Zheng, Zheng] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Prieto, Carlos Allende; Esposito, Massimiliano; Castella, Bruno Femenia; Alvar, Emma Fernandez; Garcia-Hernandez, D. A.; Genova-Santos, R.; Gonzalez Hernandez, Jonay I.; Manchado, A.; Meszaros, Sz.; Perez-Fournon, Ismael; Rebolo, Rafael; Rubino-Martin, J. A.; Almeida, J. Sanchez; Scoccola, C. G.; Streblyanska, Alina; Zamora, O.] IAC, E-38200 Tenerife, Spain. [Prieto, Carlos Allende; Esposito, Massimiliano; Castella, Bruno Femenia; Alvar, Emma Fernandez; Garcia-Hernandez, D. A.; Genova-Santos, R.; Manchado, A.; Meszaros, Sz.; Perez-Fournon, Ismael; Rubino-Martin, J. A.; Almeida, J. Sanchez; Scoccola, C. G.; Zamora, O.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain. [Anderson, Scott F.; Barnes, Rory; Bhardwaj, Vaishali; Bochanski, John J.; Davenport, James R. A.; Evans, Michael L.; Hawley, Suzanne L.; Ivezic, Zeljko; MacDonald, Nicholas; Owen, Russell; Sayres, Conor; Schmidt, Sarah J.; Wisniewski, John P.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Andrews, Brett H.; Johnson, Jennifer A.; Pinsonneault, Marc H.; Schlesinger, Katharine J.; Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Aubourg, Eric; Bautista, Julian; Busca, N. G.; Hamilton, Jean-Christophe; Magana, M. Vargas] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS IN2P3, CEA IRFU, APC,Observ Paris, F-75205 Paris, France. [Bailey, Stephen; Carithers, William; Font-Ribera, Andreu; Kirkpatrick, Jessica A.; Roe, Natalie A.; Ross, Nicholas P.; Schlegel, David J.; Seljak, Uros; Suzuki, Nao; White, Martin] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Balbinot, Eduardo; Santiago, Basilio] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Fis, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Balbinot, Eduardo; Carnero, Aurelio R.; Chiappini, Cristina; da Costa, Luiz N.; Ferreira, Leticia D.; Girardi, Leo; Maia, Marcio A. G.; Makler, Martin; Neto, A. F.; Ogando, Ricardo L. C.; Porto de Mello, G. F.; Rocha-Pinto, Helio J.; Santiago, Basilio; Sobreira, Flavia] LIneA, Lab Interinst E Astron, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Beers, Timothy C.; Pforr, Janine] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Beers, Timothy C.; Lee, Young Sun] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Beers, Timothy C.; Lee, Young Sun] Michigan State Univ, JINA, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. 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[Edmondson, Edward M.; Johansson, Jonas; Manera, Marc; Maraston, Claudia; Nichol, Robert C.; Percival, Will J.; Pforr, Janine; Pieri, Matthew M.; Ross, Ashley J.; Samushia, Lado; Steele, Oliver; Thomas, Daniel; Tojeiro, Rita; Zhao, Gong-Bo] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Eisenstein, Daniel J.; McBride, Cameron K.; Shen, Yue; Swanson, Molly E. C.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Fan, Xiaohui; Jiang, Linhua; McGreer, Ian D.; Skibba, Ramin A.; Weiner, Benjamin J.] Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Ferreira, Leticia D.; Porto de Mello, G. F.; Rocha-Pinto, Helio J.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Observ Valongo, BR-20080090 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Ak, N. Filiz] Erciyes Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Fac Sci, TR-38039 Kayseri, Turkey. [Finley, Hayley; Noterdaeme, Pasquier; Paris, Isabelle; Petitjean, Patrick] UPMC CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR7095, F-75014 Paris, France. 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[Guo, Hong; Ma, Zhibo; Morrison, Heather L.; Zehavi, Idit] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Astron, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Haggard, Daryl] Northwestern Univ, Ctr Interdisciplinary Explorat & Res Astrophys, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Honscheid, Klaus] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Honscheid, Klaus] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Ivezic, Zeljko] Univ Zagreb, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. [Ivezic, Zeljko] Hvar Observ, Fac Geodesy, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. [Jacobson, Heather R.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Johansson, Jonas; Kauffmann, Guinevere] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Kirkpatrick, Jessica A.; Seljak, Uros] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lee, Khee-Gan] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Makler, Martin] ICRA Ctr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, BR-22290180 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Martell, Sarah L.] Australian Astron Observ, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [McMahon, Richard G.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [McMahon, Richard G.] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Menard, Brice; Raddick, M. Jordan; Thakar, Aniruddha R.; Zhu, Guangtun] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Astrophys Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Miralda-Escude, Jordi; Verde, Licia] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain. [Montero-Dorta, Antonio D.; Prada, Francisco] Inst Astrofis Andalucia CSIC, E-18080 Granada, Spain. [Munn, Jeffrey A.] US Naval Observ, Flagstaff Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Myers, Adam D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Duy Cuong Nguyen] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Paris, Isabelle] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Prada, Francisco] Campus Int Excellence UAM CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Prada, Francisco] Univ Autonoma Madrid, UAM CSIC, Inst Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Price-Whelan, Adrian M.] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Rebolo, Rafael] CSIC, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. [Richards, Gordon T.] Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Robin, Annie C.; Schultheis, Mathias] Univ Franche Comte, Inst Utinam, OSU Theta, UMR CNRS 6213, F-25010 Besancon, France. [Rockosi, Constance M.; Schlesinger, Katharine J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, UCO Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Rossi, Graziano] Korea Inst Adv Study, Sch Phys, Seoul 130722, South Korea. [Samushia, Lado] Ilia State Univ, Natl Abastumani Astrophys Observ, GE-1060 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Seljak, Uros] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sheldon, Erin; Slosar, A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Sobeck, Jennifer S.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Sobeck, Jennifer S.] Univ Chicago, JUNA, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Stassun, Keivan G.] Fisk Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. [Vikas, Shailendra K.; Wood-Vasey, W. M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, PITT PACC, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [West, Andrew A.] Boston Univ, Dept Astron, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Wisniewski, John P.] Univ Oklahoma, HL Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Yanny, Brian] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [York, Donald G.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [York, Donald G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Zhao, Gong-Bo] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. RP Strauss, MA (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RI Makler, Martin/G-2639-2012; White, Martin/I-3880-2015; Brandt, William/N-2844-2015; Rocha-Pinto, Helio/C-2719-2008; Meszaros, Szabolcs/N-2287-2014; Sobreira, Flavia/F-4168-2015; Jiang, Linhua/H-5485-2016; Croft, Rupert/N-8707-2014; Balbinot, Eduardo/E-8019-2015; Kneib, Jean-Paul/A-7919-2015; Pforr, Janine/J-3967-2015; Guo, Hong/J-5797-2015; Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011; Le Goff, Jean-Marc/E-7629-2013; Tecnologias espaciai, Inct/I-2415-2013; West, Andrew/H-3717-2014; Zamora, Olga/M-1776-2014; Gonzalez Hernandez, Jonay I./L-3556-2014; Ogando, Ricardo/A-1747-2010; Mandelbaum, Rachel/N-8955-2014; Filiz Ak, Nurten/C-9686-2015; OI Makler, Martin/0000-0003-2206-2651; White, Martin/0000-0001-9912-5070; Brandt, William/0000-0002-0167-2453; Meszaros, Szabolcs/0000-0001-8237-5209; Sobreira, Flavia/0000-0002-7822-0658; Jiang, Linhua/0000-0003-4176-6486; Croft, Rupert/0000-0003-0697-2583; Cristiani, Stefano/0000-0002-2115-5234; Rubino-Martin, Jose Alberto/0000-0001-5289-3021; Zhu, Guangtun/0000-0002-7574-8078; Fleming, Scott/0000-0003-0556-027X; Balbinot, Eduardo/0000-0002-1322-3153; Kneib, Jean-Paul/0000-0002-4616-4989; Pforr, Janine/0000-0002-3414-8391; Guo, Hong/0000-0003-4936-8247; Zamora, Olga/0000-0003-2100-1638; Gonzalez Hernandez, Jonay I./0000-0002-0264-7356; Ogando, Ricardo/0000-0003-2120-1154; Mandelbaum, Rachel/0000-0003-2271-1527; Filiz Ak, Nurten/0000-0003-3016-5490; Bovy, Jo/0000-0001-6855-442X; Verde, Licia/0000-0003-2601-8770; McMahon, Richard/0000-0001-8447-8869; /0000-0002-1891-3794; Hogg, David/0000-0003-2866-9403; Davenport, James/0000-0002-0637-835X; Pepper, Joshua/0000-0002-3827-8417; Sanchez Almeida, Jorge/0000-0003-1123-6003; Miralda-Escude, Jordi/0000-0002-2316-8370; Viel, Matteo/0000-0002-2642-5707; Escoffier, Stephanie/0000-0002-2847-7498; Schmidt, Sarah/0000-0002-7224-7702; Zinn, Joel/0000-0002-7550-7151; Finley, Hayley/0000-0002-1216-8914; Cuesta Vazquez, Antonio Jose/0000-0002-4153-9470 FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science FX Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III Web site is http://www.sdss3.org/. NR 56 TC 598 Z9 603 U1 12 U2 77 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 203 IS 2 AR 21 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/203/2/21 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 051BX UT WOS:000312100500005 ER PT J AU Hsieh, BC Wang, WH Hsieh, CC Lin, LW Yan, HJ Lim, J Ho, PTP AF Hsieh, Bau-Ching Wang, Wei-Hao Hsieh, Chih-Chiang Lin, Lihwai Yan, Haojing Lim, Jeremy Ho, Paul T. P. TI THE TAIWAN ECDFS NEAR-INFRARED SURVEY: ULTRA-DEEP J AND K-S IMAGING IN THE EXTENDED CHANDRA DEEP FIELD-SOUTH SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE catalogs; cosmology: observations; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: high-redshift; infrared: galaxies ID EXTRAGALACTIC LEGACY SURVEY; EXTREMELY RED OBJECTS; YALE-CHILE MUSYC; MULTIWAVELENGTH SURVEY; PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS; ARRAY CAMERA; GALAXIES; CATALOG; TELESCOPE; CANDELS AB We present ultra-deep J and K-S imaging observations covering a 30' x 30' area of the Extended Chandra Deep Field-South (ECDFS) carried out by our Taiwan ECDFS Near-Infrared Survey (TENIS). The median 5 sigma limiting magnitudes for all detected objects in the ECDFS reach 24.5 and 23.9 mag (AB) for J and K-S, respectively. In the inner 400 arcmin(2) region where the sensitivity is more uniform, objects as faint as 25.6 and 25.0 mag are detected at 5 sigma. Thus, this is by far the deepest J and K-S data sets available for the ECDFS. To combine TENIS with the Spitzer IRAC data for obtaining better spectral energy distributions of high-redshift objects, we developed a novel deconvolution technique (IRACLEAN) to accurately estimate the IRAC fluxes. IRACLEAN can minimize the effect of blending in the IRAC images caused by the large point-spread functions and reduce the confusion noise. We applied IRACLEAN to the images from the Spitzer IRAC/MUSYC Public Legacy in the ECDFS survey (SIMPLE) and generated a J+K-S-selected multi-wavelength catalog including the photometry of both the TENIS near-infrared and the SIMPLE IRAC data. We publicly release the data products derived from this work, including the J and K-S images and the J+K-S-selected multi-wavelength catalog. C1 [Hsieh, Bau-Ching; Wang, Wei-Hao; Hsieh, Chih-Chiang; Lin, Lihwai; Lim, Jeremy; Ho, Paul T. P.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Hsieh, Chih-Chiang] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Inst Astron, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. [Yan, Haojing] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Lim, Jeremy] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Ho, Paul T. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Hsieh, BC (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 106, Taiwan. FU National Science Council of Taiwan [98-2112-M-001-003-MY2, 99-2112-M-001-012-MY3] FX We thank the referee for comments that greatly improved the manuscript. We are grateful to the Hawaiian group led by Lennox Cowie for contributing their WIRCam KS-band data, and to the CFHT staff for help in obtaining the data. This paper is based on observations obtained with WIRCam, a joint project of CFHT, Taiwan, Korea, Canada, France, and the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) which is operated by the National Research Council (NRC) of Canada, the Institute National des Sciences de l'Univers of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique of France, and the University of Hawaii. Access to the CFHT was made possible by the Ministry of Education, the National Science Council of Taiwan as part of the Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics (CosPA) program, the Academia Sinica, Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, and the National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan. We gratefully acknowledge support from the National Science Council of Taiwan grant 98-2112-M-001-003-MY2 (W.H.W.), 99-2112-M-001-012-MY3 (W.H.W.). NR 36 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 12 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 203 IS 2 AR 23 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/203/2/23 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 051BX UT WOS:000312100500007 ER PT J AU Massaro, F Tremblay, GR Harris, DE Kharb, P Axon, D Balmaverde, B Baum, SA Capetti, A Chiaberge, M Gilli, R Giovannini, G Grandi, P Macchetto, FD O'Dea, CP Risaliti, G Sparks, W Torresi, E AF Massaro, F. Tremblay, G. R. Harris, D. E. Kharb, P. Axon, D. Balmaverde, B. Baum, S. A. Capetti, A. Chiaberge, M. Gilli, R. Giovannini, G. Grandi, P. Macchetto, F. D. O'Dea, C. P. Risaliti, G. Sparks, W. Torresi, E. TI CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS OF 3C RADIO SOURCES WITH z < 0.3. II. COMPLETING THE SNAPSHOT SURVEY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; radio continuum: galaxies; X-rays: general ID X-RAY-EMISSION; COMPLETE SAMPLE; SOURCE COUNTERPARTS; VLA OBSERVATIONS; LOW-LUMINOSITY; LOW-REDSHIFT; GALAXIES; NUCLEI; 3C-234; I. AB We report on the second round of Chandra observations of the 3C snapshot survey developed to observe the complete sample of 3C radio sources with z < 0.3 for 8 ks each. In the first paper, we illustrated the basic data reduction and analysis procedures performed for the 30 sources of the 3C sample observed during Chandra Cycle 9, while here we present the data for the remaining 27 sources observed during Cycle 12. We measured the X-ray intensity of the nuclei and of any radio hot spots and jet features with associated X-ray emission. X-ray fluxes in three energy bands, i.e., soft, medium, and hard, for all the sources analyzed are also reported. For the stronger nuclei, we also applied the standard spectral analysis, which provides the best-fit values of the X-ray spectral index and absorbing column density. In addition, a detailed analysis of bright X-ray nuclei that could be affected by pile-up has been performed. X-ray emission was detected for all the nuclei of the radio sources in our sample except for 3C 319. Among the current sample, there are two compact steep spectrum radio sources, two broad-line radio galaxies, and one wide angle tail radio galaxy, 3C 89, hosted in a cluster of galaxies clearly visible in our Chandra snapshot observation. In addition, we also detected soft X-ray emission arising from the galaxy cluster surrounding 3C 196.1. Finally, X-ray emission from hot spots has been found in three FR II radio sources and, in the case of 3C 459, we also report the detection of X-ray emission associated with the eastern radio lobe as well as X-ray emission cospatial with radio jets in 3C 29 and 3C 402. C1 [Massaro, F.] SLAC Natl Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Massaro, F.] Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Tremblay, G. R.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Harris, D. E.; O'Dea, C. P.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kharb, P.; Axon, D.; O'Dea, C. P.] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Carlson Ctr Imaging Sci 76 3144, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Axon, D.] Univ Sussex, Sch Math & Phys Sci, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Balmaverde, B.; Capetti, A.] Osserv Astron Torino, INAF, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. [Baum, S. A.] Carlson Ctr Imaging Sci 76 3144, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Baum, S. A.] Radcliffe Inst Adv Study, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chiaberge, M.; Macchetto, F. D.; Sparks, W.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Chiaberge, M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Astrophys Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Chiaberge, M.; Giovannini, G.] INAF Ist Radioastron Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Gilli, R.; Giovannini, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Grandi, P.; Torresi, E.] INAF IASF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm Bologn, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Risaliti, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Arcetri, I-50125 Florence, Italy. RP Massaro, F (reprint author), SLAC Natl Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RI Gilli, Roberto/P-1110-2015; Massaro, Francesco/L-9102-2016; OI Gilli, Roberto/0000-0001-8121-6177; Massaro, Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850; Balmaverde, Barbara/0000-0002-0690-0638; Grandi, Paola/0000-0003-1848-6013; Giovannini, Gabriele/0000-0003-4916-6362; Risaliti, Guido/0000-0002-3556-977X; capetti, alessandro/0000-0003-3684-4275; Tremblay, Grant/0000-0002-5445-5401; TORRESI, ELEONORA/0000-0002-5201-010X FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation; NASA [GO1-12125A]; Chandra grant [GO8-9114C]; Foundation BLANCEFLOR Boncompagni-Ludovisi, n'ee Bildt; Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University; European Southern Observatory (ESO) Fellowship; European Community [229517] FX We thank the anonymous referee for useful comments that led to improvements in the paper. We wish to honor the memory of our great friend and colleague David Axon, who has been the steadfast inspiration and participant in this and many other key papers that through many years of dedicated efforts have led to significant breakthroughs and greater understanding of the physics of active galaxies. He will be greatly missed by all of us. We are grateful to M. Hardcastle and C.C. Cheung for providing several radio maps of the 3C sources. We also thank C.C. Cheung and S. Bianchi for helpful discussions. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System; SAOImage DS9, developed by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Several radio maps were downloaded from the NVAS (NRAO VLA Archive Survey) and from the DRAGN Web site.20 The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is operated by Associated Universities, Inc., under contract with the National Science Foundation. A few radio maps have been obtained from the Merlin archive. The work at SAO is supported by NASA-GRANT GO1-12125A and the work at RIT was supported by Chandra grant GO8-9114C. F. Massaro acknowledges the Foundation BLANCEFLOR Boncompagni-Ludovisi, n'ee Bildt for the grant awarded him in 2009 and in 2010. This work is supported in part by the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study at Harvard University. G.R.T. acknowledges support from a European Southern Observatory (ESO) Fellowship partially funded by the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (/FP7/2007-2013/) under grant agreement No. 229517. NR 44 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 203 IS 2 AR 31 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/203/2/31 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 051BX UT WOS:000312100500015 ER PT J AU Dardeau, MR Pollock, NW McDonald, CM Lang, MA AF Dardeau, Michael R. Pollock, Neal W. McDonald, Christian M. Lang, Michael A. TI The incidence of decompression illness in 10 years of scientific diving SO DIVING AND HYPERBARIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Decompression illness; decompression sickness; occupational health; safety; scientific diving; epidemiology ID SICKNESS AB (The incidence of decompression illness in 10 years of scientific diving. Dardeau MR, Pollock NW, McDonald CM and Lang MA. Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine. 2012;42(4):195-200.) Background: The American Academy of Underwater Science (AAUS) constitutes the single largest pool of organizations with scientific diving programmes in North America. Members submit annual summaries of diving activity and any related incidents. Methods: All diving records for a 10-year period between January 1998 and December 2007 were reviewed. Incidents were independently classified or reclassified by a four-person panel with expertise in scientific diving and diving safety using a previously published protocol. Subsequent panel discussion produced a single consensus classification of each case. Results: A total of 95 confirmed incidents were reported in conjunction with 1,019,159 scientific dives, yielding an overall incidence of 0.93/10,000 person-dives. A total of 33 cases were determined to involve decompression illness (DCI), encompassing both decompression sickness and air embolism. The incidence of DCI was 0.324/10,000 person-dives, substantially lower than the rates of 0.9-35.3/10,000 published for recreational, instructional/guided, commercial and/or military diving. Conclusions: Scientific diving safety may be facilitated by a combination of relatively high levels of training and oversight, the predominance of shallow, no-decompression diving and, possibly, low pressure to complete dives under less than optimal circumstances. C1 [Pollock, Neal W.] Divers Alert Network, Durham, NC 27705 USA. [Dardeau, Michael R.] Dauphin Isl Sea Lab, Dauphin Isl, AL USA. [McDonald, Christian M.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Lang, Michael A.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Pollock, NW (reprint author), Divers Alert Network, 6 W Colony Pl, Durham, NC 27705 USA. EM neal.pollock@duke.edu NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU SOUTH PACIFIC UNDERWATER MED SOC PI MELBOURNE PA C/O AUSTRALIAN & NEW ZEALAND COLL ANAESTHETISTS, 630 ST KILDA RD, MELBOURNE, VIC 3004, AUSTRALIA SN 1833-3516 J9 DIVING HYPERB MED JI Diving Hyperb. Med. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 42 IS 4 BP 195 EP 200 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 053NO UT WOS:000312279900003 PM 23258455 ER PT J AU Greenberg, R Danner, RM AF Greenberg, Russell Danner, Raymond M. TI THE INFLUENCE OF THE CALIFORNIA MARINE LAYER ON BILL SIZE IN A GENERALIST SONGBIRD SO EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Allen's Rule; geographic variation; heat dissipation; mediterranean climate; thermography ID HEAT-LOSS; MELOSPIZA-MELODIA; ALLENS RULE; BIRDS; SPARROW; TEMPERATURE; ADAPTATION; DIVERSITY; ECOLOGY AB The hypothesis is tested that birds in hotter and drier environments may have larger bills to increase the surface area for heat dissipation. California provides a climatic gradient to test the influence of climate on bill size. Much of California experiences dry warm/hot summers and coastal areas experience cooler summers than interior localities. Based on measurements from 1488 museum skins, song sparrows showed increasing body-size-corrected bill surface area from the coast to the interior and declining in the far eastern desert. As predicted by Newton's convective heat transfer equation, relative bill size increased monotonically with temperature, and then decreased where average high temperatures exceed body temperature. Of the variables considered, distance from coast, average high summer temperature, and potential evapotranspiration showed a strong quadratic association with bill size and rainfall had a weaker negative relationship. Song sparrows on larger, warmer islands also had larger bills. A subsample of radiographed specimens showed that skeletal bill size is also correlated with temperature, demonstrating that bill size differences are not a result of variation in growth and wear of keratin. Combined with recent thermographic studies of heat loss in song sparrow bills, these results support the hypothesis that bill size in California song sparrows is selected for heat dissipation. C1 [Greenberg, Russell; Danner, Raymond M.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Danner, Raymond M.] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Greenberg, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM greenbergr@si.edu RI Danner, Raymond/J-8350-2013 OI Danner, Raymond/0000-0002-3999-8141 NR 48 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0014-3820 J9 EVOLUTION JI Evolution PD DEC PY 2012 VL 66 IS 12 BP 3825 EP 3835 DI 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2012.01726.x PG 11 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 052SH UT WOS:000312218200016 PM 23206140 ER PT J AU Smith, GH Dupree, AK Strader, J AF Smith, Graeme H. Dupree, Andrea K. Strader, Jay TI The lambda 10830 He I Absorption Line Among Metal-Poor Subdwarfs SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article ID SPACE-TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS; FIELD RED GIANTS; CHROMOSPHERIC LINE; HEMISPHERE OBSERVATIONS; ECHELLE SPECTROGRAPH; LARGE-SAMPLE; DISK STARS; RGB STARS; MASS-LOSS; EMISSION AB Spectra of the He I lambda 10830 line have been obtained for 23 metal-poor stars, the majority of which are dwarfs ranging in metallicity from -2.1 <= [Fe/H] <= -0.8. The data were acquired with the NIRSPEC spectrograph on the Keck II telescope. Most of these subdwarfs and dwarfs are found to exhibit a He I absorption line indicative of the presence of chromospheres. The equivalent width of the lambda 10830 absorption profile is generally less than 70 m angstrom, and covers a range similar to that found in solar metallicity stars of low activity. Among the subdwarfs the lambda 10830 equivalent width does not correlate with either [Fe/H] metallicity or (B - V) color. Some evidence for asymmetric profiles is found among metal-poor dwarfs, but not the high-speed blue-shifted absorption displayed by some metal-poor red giants. C1 [Smith, Graeme H.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Lick Observ, Univ Calif Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Dupree, Andrea K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Strader, Jay] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Smith, GH (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Lick Observ, Univ Calif Observ, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM graeme@ucolick.org FU W. M. Keck Foundation; National Science Foundation [AST-09087] FX The data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. We thank the referee for useful comments on the paper. GHS would like to thank the National Science Foundation for support under grant AST-09087. NR 51 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6280 EI 1538-3873 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 124 IS 922 BP 1252 EP 1261 DI 10.1086/668865 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 054ZQ UT WOS:000312384800003 ER PT J AU McLeod, B Fabricant, D Nystrom, G McCracken, K Amato, S Bergner, H Brown, W Burke, M Chilingarian, I Conroy, M Curley, D Furesz, G Geary, J Hertz, E Holwell, J Matthews, A Norton, T Park, S Roll, J Zajac, J Epps, H Martini, P AF McLeod, Brian Fabricant, Daniel Nystrom, George McCracken, Ken Amato, Stephen Bergner, Henry Brown, Warren Burke, Michael Chilingarian, Igor Conroy, Maureen Curley, Dylan Furesz, Gabor Geary, John Hertz, Edward Holwell, Justin Matthews, Anne Norton, Tim Park, Sang Roll, John Zajac, Joseph Epps, Harland Martini, Paul TI MMT and Magellan Infrared Spectrograph SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE OPTICS; GEMINI-SOUTH; TELESCOPE; SPECTROMETER; FLAMINGOS-2; ABUNDANCES; IMAGER; LINES AB The MMT and Magellan infrared spectrograph (MMIRS) is a cryogenic multiple-slit spectrograph operating in the wavelength range 0.9-2.4 mu m. The refractive optics of MMIRS offer a 6'.9 x 6'.9 field of view for imaging with a spatial resolution of 0.2 arcsec pixel(-1) on a HAWAII-2 array. For spectroscopy, MMIRS can be used with long slits up to 6'.9 long, or with custom slit masks having slitlets distributed over a 4' x 6'.9 area. A range of dispersers offer spectral resolutions of 800-3000. MMIRS is designed to be used at the f/5 foci of the MMT or Magellan Clay 6.5 m telescopes. MMIRS was commissioned in 2009 at the MMT and has been in routine operation at the Magellan Clay Telescope since 2010. MMIRS is being used for a wide range of scientific investigations from exoplanet atmospheres to Ly alpha emitters. C1 [McLeod, Brian; Fabricant, Daniel; Nystrom, George; McCracken, Ken; Amato, Stephen; Bergner, Henry; Brown, Warren; Burke, Michael; Chilingarian, Igor; Conroy, Maureen; Curley, Dylan; Furesz, Gabor; Geary, John; Hertz, Edward; Holwell, Justin; Matthews, Anne; Norton, Tim; Park, Sang; Roll, John; Zajac, Joseph] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Epps, Harland] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, UCO Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Martini, Paul] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP McLeod, B (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Chilingarian, Igor/N-5117-2016 OI Chilingarian, Igor/0000-0002-7924-3253 NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6280 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 124 IS 922 BP 1318 EP 1335 DI 10.1086/669044 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 054ZQ UT WOS:000312384800010 ER PT J AU Olson, SL AF Olson, Storrs L. TI HISTORY, STRUCTURE, EVOLUTION, BEHAVIOR, DISTRIBUTION, AND ECOLOGY OF THE EXTINCT HAWAIIAN GENUS CIRIDOPS (FRINGILLIDAE, CARDUELINI, DREPANIDINI) SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BIRDS; PASSERIFORMES; HONEYCREEPERS; MORPHOLOGY; PHYLOGENY; RADIATION; PLUMAGE AB The extinct drepanidine genus Ciridops is known from live historically taken specimens of Ciridops anna from the island of Hawaii, the last in 1892. and from fossil populations on Molokai, Oahu, and Kauai. The origins of the historical specimens and the taxonomic history of the genus are reviewed. The plumages of C. anna are interpreted as highly sexually dimorphic (red males vs. greenish females); the juvenile plumage of males included brownish feathers that appear to have been retained and mixed with the incoming definitive plumage. The thigh musculature and pelvic and hindlimb osteology show that the strong legs and feet of Ciridops were probably used to move plant debris in search of insects. The closest living analog may be the Yellowhead (Mohoua ochrocephala) of New Zealand. Analysis of stomach contents of the single fluid-preserved specimen of C. anna disclosed remains of insects that are widely distributed in Hawaiian forest ecosystems. The traditionally claimed association of Ciridops anna with palms of the genus Pritchardia suggests that Ciridops may have fed in the accumulated debris in the axils of palm leaves. The patchy distribution of fossils of Ciridops may result from the birds being associated with nearly pure stands of Pritchardia that were in turn patchily distributed. Vulnerability of Pritchardia to introduced seed predators, including rats and humans, and to destruction of lowland habitats by cutting and burning, may have caused the prehistoric extinction of Ciridops on all islands except Hawaii. Received 2 March 2012. Accepted 25 May 2012. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Olson, SL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM olsons@si.edu NR 103 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 23 PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 1559-4491 J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL JI Wilson J. Ornithol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 124 IS 4 BP 651 EP 674 PG 24 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 053PU UT WOS:000312285900001 ER PT J AU Johnson, JA Matsuoka, SM Tessler, DF Greenberg, R Fox, JW AF Johnson, James A. Matsuoka, Steven M. Tessler, David F. Greenberg, Russell Fox, James W. TI IDENTIFYING MIGRATORY PATHWAYS USED BY RUSTY BLACKBIRDS BREEDING IN SOUTHCENTRAL ALASKA SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SONGBIRD MIGRATION; CONNECTIVITY; TECHNOLOGY; GEOLOCATOR; TRACKING; DECLINE; MOLT AB We placed light-level geolocators on 17 Rusty Blackbirds (Euphagus carolinus) in 2009 to track their migrations from nest sites near Anchorage, Alaska to wintering areas and back. We recaptured three of these birds in 2010 and found they departed breeding areas during the first half of September, spent 72-84 days migrating to overwintering areas, but only 16-30 days on their northward migration to Alaska. Birds took similar Central Flyway routes on southward and northward migrations, which were not previously described for this species. The birds used a series of stopover sites across the prairie region from southern Saskatchewan to Iowa over a 4 to 5 week period on their southward migration to wintering areas that spanned from South Dakota to northern Louisiana. We found upon recapture in 2010, the geolocator attachment harnesses had abraded the surrounding feathers on all three birds. This coupled with the low return rate (18%) for instrumented birds indicates a better harness method must be developed before this technology is more widely used on Rusty Blackbirds. Received 8 February 2012. Accepted 19 June 2012. C1 [Johnson, James A.; Matsuoka, Steven M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. [Tessler, David F.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Wildlife Div Program, Anchorage, AK 99518 USA. [Greenberg, Russell] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Fox, James W.] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England. [Fox, James W.] Migrate Technol Ltd, Cambridge CB1 0QY, England. RP Johnson, JA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 1011 E Tudor Rd, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. EM jim_a_johnson@fws.gov FU Alaska Department of Fish and Game's Nongame Program; U.S. Department of Defense's Legacy Natural Resources Program; Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management (Region 7) FX We are grateful to Niels Dau, Luke DeCicco, Larry Hoare, Russ Oates, Lisa Pajot, Marian Snively, Kim Trust, and Jen Wiley for assistance in the field. Herman Griese and Chris McKee of the Department of Defense provided access to study areas on Elmendorf Air Force Base and the U.S. Army's Fort Richardson, respectively. We appreciate the helpful comments of Brad Andres, Clait Braun, Jesse Conklin, and an anonymous reviewer that improved earlier drafts of the manuscript. This study was funded by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game's Nongame Program, the U.S. Department of Defense's Legacy Natural Resources Program, the Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management (Region 7). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 64 PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 1559-4491 EI 1938-5447 J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL JI Wilson J. Ornithol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 124 IS 4 BP 698 EP 703 PG 6 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 053PU UT WOS:000312285900005 ER PT J AU Sobolewski, ME Brown, JL Mitani, JC AF Sobolewski, Marissa E. Brown, Janine L. Mitani, John C. TI Territoriality, tolerance and testosterone in wild chimpanzees SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article DE aggression challenge hypothesis; chimpanzee; Pan troglodytes; territorial behaviour; testosterone ID GOMBE-NATIONAL-PARK; HUNTING BEHAVIOR; CHALLENGE HYPOTHESIS; BOUNDARY PATROLS; COOPERATION; MEAT; COMPETITION; AGGRESSION; EXCHANGE; PATTERNS AB Although testosterone (T) has well known organizational and activational effects on aggression, the relationship between the two is not always clear. The challenge hypothesis addresses this problem by proposing that T will affect aggression only in fitness-enhancing situations. One way to test the challenge hypothesis is to examine the relationship between T and different types of aggression. Chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes, show aggressive behaviours in several contexts and provide an opportunity for such a test. Here we show that urinary T influences a form of male chimpanzee reproductive aggression, territorial boundary patrols. In contrast, T does not affect predatory behaviour, a form of aggression that has no immediate link to male reproduction. While these results are consistent with the challenge hypothesis, our results indicate that male chimpanzees experience a significant drop in urinary T during hunts. Additional analyses reveal that males who share meat with others display this decrease. The reason for this decrement is unclear, but we hypothesize that the relative lack of aggression that results from voluntary sharing episodes and the tolerance engendered by such acts may be contributory factors. (C) 2012 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sobolewski, Marissa E.; Mitani, John C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Anthropol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Brown, Janine L.] Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA USA. RP Sobolewski, ME (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Anthropol, 1085 S Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM mesobole@umich.edu FU Uganda Wildlife Authority; Uganda National Council for Science and Technology; Makerere University Biological Research Station; L.S.B. Leakey Foundation; U.S. National Science Foundation [IOB-0516644, BCS-0752637] FX Fieldwork was sponsored by the Uganda Wildlife Authority, Uganda National Council for Science and Technology, and the Makerere University Biological Research Station. We thank J. Lwanga, A. Magoba, G. Mbabazi, A. Tumusiime, L. Ndangizi for logistical support and field assistance. We are grateful to J. Beehner, D. Cheney, L. MacLatchy, R. Seyfarth and an anonymous referee for discussion and comments on the manuscript, and to S. Putman and N. Presley for laboratory assistance. This research was supported by grants from the L.S.B. Leakey Foundation and the U.S. National Science Foundation (IOB-0516644; BCS-0752637). NR 42 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 9 U2 66 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0003-3472 J9 ANIM BEHAV JI Anim. Behav. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 84 IS 6 BP 1469 EP 1474 DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.09.018 PG 6 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA 049AA UT WOS:000311953200023 ER PT J AU O'Mara, MT Hickey, CM AF Teague O'Mara, M. Hickey, Cathriona M. TI Social influences on the development of ringtailed lemur feeding ecology SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article DE co-feeding; Lemur catta; ontogeny; ringtailed lemur; social learning; stimulus enhancement ID WILD VERVET MONKEYS; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; LEARNING STRATEGIES; VARECIA-VARIEGATA; EVOLUTION; CATTA; PRIMATES; INTELLIGENCE; INFORMATION; CHIMPANZEES AB As they grow, young individuals can use both social and individual learning strategies to develop species-typical feeding ecology, and the utility of these strategies may vary phylogenetically and with environmental stability. Focused learning from mothers and other group members is critical in monkeys, with behaviours such as co-feeding playing strong roles in determining postweaning survival. While adult lemurs are capable of social learning, it is unknown how social information is incorporated during the development of feeding or what social learning strategies are used in this process. Here we evaluate the use of social learning behaviours and the potential for social learning in young ringtailed lemurs, Lemur catta, at the Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve, Madagascar. We show that infant and juvenile ringtailed lemurs use basic and generalized stimulus enhancement that occurs through behavioural synchrony with older nearest neighbours. More focused co-feeding occurred at low levels, and many of the social learning behaviours observed in the other social primate taxa were absent. High levels of individual exploration also contributed to learning, evidenced through high dietary diversity in juveniles relative to other group members. Our observations are consistent with the idea that simple social learning rules are responsible for the development of ecological complexity in many generalist vertebrate species, and that more complicated learning behaviours may not be necessary to learn complex and varied diets. (c) 2012 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Teague O'Mara, M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Teague O'Mara, M.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Human Evolut & Social Change, Tempe, AZ USA. [Teague O'Mara, M.] Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Dept Migrat & Immunoecol, Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany. [Hickey, Cathriona M.] Univ York, Dept Environm, CIRCLE, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Hickey, Cathriona M.] Flamingo Land Ltd, Malton, N Yorkshire, England. RP O'Mara, MT (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0840-0153, Panama City, Panama. EM teague.omara@gmail.com OI O'Mara, M. Teague/0000-0002-6951-1648 FU National Science Foundation [DDIG BCS 0851761]; J. William Fulbright Foundation; Primate Conservation, Inc.; Sigma Xi and its Arizona State University (ASU) chapter; ASU Graduate and Professional Students Association; ASU School of Human Evolution Social Change FX We thank Ayden Sherritt, Paul Stephen and Andy Fogel for their enormous help with data collection. We thank Madagascar National Parks, the Ministere des Eaux et Foret and ESSA-Foret Universite d'Antananarivo for permission to conduct this study and the staff at Beza Mahafaly and the Madagascar Insitut pour la Conservation des Environnements Tropicaux (MICET) for facilitating the logistics of this work. Michelle Sauther, Frank Cuozzo, Jacky Antho, Stephanie Meredith, Andry Randrianandrasana, Jeannin Ranaivonasy, Benjamin Andriamihaja, Monja, and the members of the Beza Mahafaly Ecological Monitoring Team were all highly supportive of the fieldwork at Beza. Special thanks also to Alison Richard and Robert Dewar for their support of this project. Leanne Nash, Kate Ihle and Patricia Jones provided insightful comments on previous drafts of this manuscript, as did two anonymous referees. Justin Touchon and Stuart Dennis provided statistical advice. This work was funded with support to M.T.O. from the National Science Foundation (DDIG BCS 0851761), the J. William Fulbright Foundation, Primate Conservation, Inc., Sigma Xi and its Arizona State University (ASU) chapter, the ASU Graduate and Professional Students Association, and the ASU School of Human Evolution & Social Change. NR 86 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 123 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0003-3472 J9 ANIM BEHAV JI Anim. Behav. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 84 IS 6 BP 1547 EP 1555 DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2012.09.032 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA 049AA UT WOS:000311953200033 ER PT J AU Watters, TR Solomon, SC Klimczak, C Freed, AM Head, JW Ernst, CM Blair, DM Goudge, TA Byrne, PK AF Watters, Thomas R. Solomon, Sean C. Klimczak, Christian Freed, Andrew M. Head, James W. Ernst, Carolyn M. Blair, David M. Goudge, Timothy A. Byrne, Paul K. TI Extension and contraction within volcanically buried impact craters and basins on Mercury SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CALORIS BASIN; GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE; MESSENGER FLYBY; EVOLUTION; TROUGHS AB Orbital images of Mercury obtained by the MESSENGER spacecraft have revealed families of troughs, interpreted to be graben, on volcanic plains material that largely or completely buried preexisting craters and basins. The graben are partially to fully encircled by rings of contractional wrinkle ridges localized over the rims of the buried impact features to form systems of associated contractional and extensional landforms. Most of the buried craters and basins with graben identified to date are located in the extensive volcanic plains that cover much of Mercury's northern high latitudes. The distinctive relationship between wrinkle ridges and graben in buried craters and basins on Mercury is interpreted to be the result of a combination of extensional stresses from cooling and thermal contraction of thick lava flow units and compressional stresses from cooling and contraction of the planet's interior. C1 [Watters, Thomas R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Solomon, Sean C.; Klimczak, Christian; Byrne, Paul K.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Freed, Andrew M.; Blair, David M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Head, James W.; Goudge, Timothy A.] Brown Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Ernst, Carolyn M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. RP Watters, TR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM watterst@si.edu RI Ernst, Carolyn/I-4902-2012 FU NASA [NASW-00002, NAS5-97271, NNX07AR60G] FX We thank W.B. McKinnon, E. Grosfils, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments that greatly improved the manuscript. We are grateful to the MESSENGER engineers and technical support personnel. The MESSENGER project is supported by the NASA Discovery Program under contracts NASW-00002 to the Carnegie Institution of Washington and NAS5-97271 to The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory. This work is also supported by NASA grant NNX07AR60G. NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 15 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD DEC PY 2012 VL 40 IS 12 BP 1123 EP 1126 DI 10.1130/G33725.1 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA 046BE UT WOS:000311739700021 ER PT J AU Terossi, M Tudge, C Greco, LSL Mantelatto, FL AF Terossi, Mariana Tudge, Christopher Lopez Greco, Laura S. Mantelatto, Fernando L. TI A novel spermatozoan ultrastructure in the shrimp Hippolyte obliquimanus Dana, 1852 (Decapoda: Caridea: Hippolytidae) SO INVERTEBRATE REPRODUCTION & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE spermatozoa; morphology; nuclear arms; acrosomal spike ID MALE REPRODUCTIVE-SYSTEM; RHYNCHOCINETES-TYPUS; CRUSTACEA; SPERMATOPHORE; HERMAPHRODITISM; ANOMURA AB The aim of this study was to describe and illustrate the morphology of the spermatozoon of the Western Atlantic shrimp, Hippolyte obliquimanus. Individuals were sampled from Itagua Beach (Ubatuba, southern Brazil). The male reproductive system was dissected and morphological analysis was undertaken using a stereomicroscope, a light microscope, and transmission electron and scanning electron microscopes. When viewed from the nuclear or acrosomal poles, each spermatozoon has many translucent radiating arms (about 20) from a denser cell body, while laterally the cell body and arms resemble a "cnidarian medusa", with all the arms projecting away from the bell-like cell body. This sperm morphology is distinct from the "thumbtack"-shaped spermatozoa observed in the majority of carideans but has similarities to the spermatozoa of Rhynchocinetes spp. The morphology of sperm of several species of the genus Hippolyte resembles the spermatozoon of H. obliquimanus with the presence of posterior nuclear arms, but it is necessary to study other Hippolyte species to place these arms in the context of the genus. C1 [Terossi, Mariana; Mantelatto, Fernando L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Philosophy Sci & Letters Ribeirao Preto FFCLR, Dept Biol, Postgrad Program Comparat Biol,Lab Bioecol & Crus, BR-14040901 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. [Tudge, Christopher] American Univ, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Tudge, Christopher] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Lopez Greco, Laura S.] Univ Buenos Aires, Dept Biodivers & Expt Biol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Mantelatto, FL (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Philosophy Sci & Letters Ribeirao Preto FFCLR, Dept Biol, Postgrad Program Comparat Biol,Lab Bioecol & Crus, Av Bandeirantes 3900, BR-14040901 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. EM flmantel@usp.br RI Terossi, Mariana/J-7946-2012; Mantelatto, Fernando/H-2695-2012 OI Mantelatto, Fernando/0000-0002-8497-187X FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [Proc. 06/61771-0, Proc. 2011/11901-3]; CNPq [Proc. 301359/2007-5, 302748/2010-5]; FAPESP [Proc. 2010/50188-8]; Postgraduate Program in Comparative Biology of FFCLRP/USP and CEBIMar/USP FX M. Terossi is grateful to Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) for the doctoral (Proc. 06/61771-0) and post-doctoral (Proc. 2011/11901-3) fellowships. F.L. Mantelatto is grateful to CNPq (Proc. 301359/2007-5; 302748/2010-5) and FAPESP (Proc. 2010/50188-8) for a research fellowship and grant research, respectively, that support this project. The authors specially thank Maria Dolores Seabra Ferreira, Jose Augusto Maulin, and Rodrigo Ferreira da Silva from Laboratory of Electronic Microscopy of the Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology and Pathogenic Bioagents, Faculty of Medicine (FMRP) - USP for their assistance with electron microscopy. The authors thank all members of the Laboratory of Bioecology and Crustacean Systematics of FFCLRP/USP for their help during field work and anonymous reviewers for their suggestions and contributions toward improving this article. The support of the Postgraduate Program in Comparative Biology of FFCLRP/USP and CEBIMar/USP during fieldwork is gratefully acknowledged. The collections of species for this study complied with current applicable state and federal laws of Brazil (DIFAP/IBAMA, 121/05). NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT SCIENCE SERVICES/BALABAN PUBLISHERS PI REHOVOT PA PO BOX 2039, REHOVOT 76120, ISRAEL SN 0792-4259 J9 INVERTEBR REPROD DEV JI Invertebr. Reprod. Dev. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 56 IS 4 BP 299 EP 304 DI 10.1080/07924259.2011.631040 PG 6 WC Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA 051IP UT WOS:000312120200005 ER PT J AU Matocq, MD Kelly, PA Phillips, SE Maldonado, JE AF Matocq, Marjorie D. Kelly, Patrick A. Phillips, Scott E. Maldonado, Jesus E. TI Reconstructing the evolutionary history of an endangered subspecies across the changing landscape of the Great Central Valley of California SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE approximate Bayesian computation; hybridization; Neotoma; San Joaquin Valley ID WOODRATS NEOTOMA-MACROTIS; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; DUSKY-FOOTED WOODRAT; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; GENUS NEOTOMA; ADMIXTURE PROPORTIONS; PHYLOGENETIC TREES; ALLELE FREQUENCIES AB Identifying historic patterns of population genetic diversity and connectivity is a primary challenge in efforts to re-establish the processes that have generated and maintained genetic variation across natural landscapes. The challenge of reconstructing pattern and process is even greater in highly altered landscapes where population extinctions and dramatic demographic fluctuations in remnant populations may have substantially altered, if not eliminated, historic patterns. Here, we seek to reconstruct historic patterns of diversity and connectivity in an endangered subspecies of woodrat that now occupies only 12 remnant locations within the highly altered landscape of the Great Central Valley of California. We examine patterns of diversity and connectivity using 14 microsatellite loci and sequence data from a mitochondrial locus and a nuclear intron. We reconstruct temporal change in habitat availability to establish several historical scenarios that could have led to contemporary patterns of diversity, and use an approximate Bayesian computation approach to test which of these scenarios is most consistent with our observed data. We find that the Central Valley populations harbour unique genetic variation coupled with a history of admixture between two well-differentiated species of woodrats that are currently restricted to the woodlands flanking the Valley. Our simulations also show that certain commonly used analytical approaches may fail to recover a history of admixture when populations experience severe bottlenecks subsequent to hybridization. Overall our study shows the strength of combining empirical and simulation analyses to recover the history of populations occupying highly altered landscapes. C1 [Matocq, Marjorie D.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Program Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Kelly, Patrick A.; Phillips, Scott E.] Calif State Univ Stanislaus, Dept Biol Sci, Endangered Species Recovery Program, Turlock, CA 95382 USA. [Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Matocq, MD (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Program Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol, 1664 N Virginia St, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM mmatocq@cabnr.unr.edu FU U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, South-Central California Area Office; National Science Foundation [DEB-0644371, DEB-0952946] FX We thank the numerous Endangered Species Recovery Program (ESRP) biologists and interns who contributed to tissue collection over the years, especially Matthew Lloyd. We also thank Jennifer Claypool and Joanne Crawford for assistance with data generation, and Chris Feldman and Eric Tobin for assistance with data analyses. Data collection was made possible by the excellent facilities and staff at the Idaho State University Molecular Research Core Facility and the University of Nevada Reno's Nevada Genomics Center. Funding was provided in part by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, South-Central California Area Office and the National Science Foundation (DEB-0644371 and DEB-0952946 to MDM). NR 73 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 21 IS 24 BP 5918 EP 5933 DI 10.1111/mec.12079 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 051SI UT WOS:000312147300004 PM 23106496 ER PT J AU Fine, S Shanks, T Croom, SM Green, P Kelly, BC Berger, E Chornock, R Burgett, WS Magnier, EA Price, PA AF Fine, S. Shanks, T. Croom, S. M. Green, P. Kelly, B. C. Berger, E. Chornock, R. Burgett, W. S. Magnier, E. A. Price, P. A. TI Composite reverberation mapping SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: nuclei; quasars: emission lines; quasars: general; galaxies: Seyfert ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; BLACK-HOLE MASSES; LINE REGION SIZES; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; DATA RELEASE; X-RAY; TARGET SELECTION; PAN-STARRS; QUASARS AB Reverberation mapping offers one of the best techniques for studying the inner regions of quasi-stellar objects (QSOs). It is based on cross-correlating continuum and emission-line light curves. New time-resolved optical surveys will produce well-sampled light curves for many thousands of QSOs. We explore the potential of stacking samples to produce composite cross-correlations for groups of objects that have well-sampled continuum light curves, but only a few (similar to 2) emission-line measurements. This technique exploits current and future wide-field optical monitoring surveys [e.g. Pan-STARRS, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST)] and the multiplexing capability of multi-object spectrographs (e.g. 2dF, Hectospec) to significantly reduce the observational expense of reverberation mapping, in particular at high redshift (0.5-2.5). We demonstrate the technique using simulated QSO light curves and explore the biases involved when stacking cross-correlations in some simplified situations. We show that stacked cross-correlations have smaller amplitude peaks compared to well-sampled correlation functions as the mean flux of the emission light curve is poorly constrained. However, the position of the peak remains intact. We find that there can be 'kinks' in stacked correlation functions due to different measurements contributing to different parts of the correlation function. While the magnitude of the kinks must be fitted for, their positions and relative strengths are known from the spectroscopic sampling distribution of the QSOs making the bias a one-parameter effect. We also find that the signal-to-noise ratio in the correlation functions for the stacked and well-sampled cases is comparable for the same number of continuum and emission-line measurement pairs. Using the Pan-STARRS Medium-Deep Survey (MDS) as a template, we show that cross-correlation lags should be measurable in a sample size of 500 QSOs that have weekly photometric monitoring and two spectroscopic observations. Finally, we apply the technique to a small sample (42) of QSOs that have light curves from the MDS. We find no indication of a peak in the stacked cross-correlation. A larger spectroscopic sample is required to produce robust reverberation lags. C1 [Fine, S.; Shanks, T.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Fine, S.] Univ Western Cape, Dept Phys, ZA-7535 Cape Town, South Africa. [Croom, S. M.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Green, P.; Kelly, B. C.; Berger, E.; Chornock, R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Burgett, W. S.; Magnier, E. A.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Price, P. A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Fine, S (reprint author), Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. EM stephen.fine@durham.ac.uk FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; American Museum of Natural History; Astrophysical Institute Potsdam; University of Basel; University of Cambridge; Case Western Reserve University; University of Chicago; Drexel University; Fermilab; Institute for Advanced Study; Japan Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics; Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology; Korean Scientist Group; Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST); Los Alamos National Laboratory; Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA); Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA); New Mexico State University; Ohio State University; University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; United States Naval Observatory; University of Washington; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate [NNX08AR22G] FX Funding for the SDSS and SDSS-II has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the US Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The SDSS web site is http://www.sdss.org/.; The SDSS is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions. The Participating Institutions are the American Museum of Natural History, Astrophysical Institute Potsdam, University of Basel, University of Cambridge, Case Western Reserve University, University of Chicago, Drexel University, Fermilab, the Institute for Advanced Study, the Japan Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, the Korean Scientist Group, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (LAMOST), Los Alamos National Laboratory, the Max-Planck-Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), the Max-Planck-Institute for Astrophysics (MPA), New Mexico State University, Ohio State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the United States Naval Observatory and the University of Washington.; The PS1 surveys have been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, and the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network, Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant no. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate. NR 54 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 427 IS 4 BP 2701 EP 2710 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21248.x PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 050ZI UT WOS:000312093200001 ER PT J AU Starling, RLC Page, KL Pe'er, A Beardmore, AP Osborne, JP AF Starling, R. L. C. Page, K. L. Pe'er, A. Beardmore, A. P. Osborne, J. P. TI A search for thermal X-ray signatures in gamma-ray bursts - I. Swift bursts with optical supernovae SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE X-rays: bursts ID GRB 060218/SN 2006AJ; SHOCK BREAKOUT; LIGHT CURVES; RED SUPERGIANT; NEUTRON-STAR; AFTERGLOWS; LONG; GRB-060614; DISCOVERY; EVOLUTION AB The X-ray spectra of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can generally be described by an absorbed power law. The landmark discovery of thermal X-ray emission in addition to the power law in the unusual GRB060218, followed by a similar discovery in GRB 100316D, showed that during the first thousand seconds after trigger the soft X-ray spectra can be complex. Both the origin and prevalence of such spectral components still evade understanding, particularly after the discovery of thermal X-ray emission in the classical GRB 090618. Possibly most importantly, these three objects are all associated with optical supernovae (SNe), begging the question of whether the thermal X-ray components could be a result of the GRB-SN connection, possibly in the shock breakout. We therefore performed a search for blackbody components in the early Swift X-ray spectra of 11 GRBs that have or may have associated optical SNe, accurately recovering the thermal components reported in the literature for GRBs 060218, 090618 and 100316D. We present the discovery of a cooling blackbody in GRB 101219B/SN2010ma, and in four further GRB-SNe we find an improvement in the fit with a blackbody which we deem possible blackbody candidates due to case-specific caveats. All the possible new blackbody components we report lie at the high end of the luminosity and radius distribution. GRB 101219B appears to bridge the gap between the low-luminosity and the classical GRB-SNe with thermal emission, and following the blackbody evolution we derive an expansion velocity for this source of the order of 0.4c. We discuss potential origins for the thermal X-ray emission in our sample, including a cocoon model which we find can accommodate the more extreme physical parameters implied by many of our model fits. C1 [Starling, R. L. C.; Page, K. L.; Beardmore, A. P.; Osborne, J. P.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Pe'er, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Starling, RLC (reprint author), Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Univ Rd, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. EM rlcs1@le.ac.uk FU Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin Fellowship; UK Space Agency for the Swift project FX We thank Claudio Pagani, Antonio de Ugarte Postigo and Klaas Wiersema for useful discussions. RLCS is supported by a Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin Fellowship. KLP, APB and JPO acknowledge financial support from the UK Space Agency for the Swift project. This work made use of data supplied by the UK Swift Science Data Centre at the University of Leicester. NR 93 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 427 IS 4 BP 2950 EP 2964 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22116.x PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 050ZI UT WOS:000312093200021 ER PT J AU Bongiorno, A Merloni, A Brusa, M Magnelli, B Salvato, M Mignoli, M Zamorani, G Fiore, F Rosario, D Mainieri, V Hao, H Comastri, A Vignali, C Balestra, I Bardelli, S Berta, S Civano, F Kampczyk, P Le Floc'h, E Lusso, E Lutz, D Pozzetti, L Pozzi, F Riguccini, L Shankar, F Silverman, J AF Bongiorno, A. Merloni, A. Brusa, M. Magnelli, B. Salvato, M. Mignoli, M. Zamorani, G. Fiore, F. Rosario, D. Mainieri, V. Hao, H. Comastri, A. Vignali, C. Balestra, I. Bardelli, S. Berta, S. Civano, F. Kampczyk, P. Le Floc'h, E. Lusso, E. Lutz, D. Pozzetti, L. Pozzi, F. Riguccini, L. Shankar, F. Silverman, J. TI Accreting supermassive black holes in the COSMOS field and the connection to their host galaxies SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE catalogues; surveys; galaxies: active; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: fundamental parameters ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; SIMILAR-TO 2; AGN LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; EVOLUTION SURVEY COSMOS; HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; STELLAR MASS DENSITY; GOODS-MUSIC SAMPLE; X-RAY SURVEYS AB Using the wide multiband photometry available in the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) field, we explore the host galaxy properties of a large sample of active galactic nuclei (AGNs; similar to 1700 objects) with L-bol ranging from 10(43) to 10(47) erg s(-1), obtained by combining X-ray and optical spectroscopic selections. Based on a careful study of their spectral energy distributions, which have been parametrized using a two-component (AGN+galaxy) model fit, we have derived dust-corrected rest-frame magnitudes, colours and stellar masses of the obscured and unobscured AGN hosts up to high redshift (z less than or similar to 3). Moreover, for the sample of obscured AGNs, we have also derived reliable star formation rates (SFRs). We find that AGN hosts span a large range of stellar masses and SFRs. No colour-bimodality is seen at any redshift in the AGN hosts, which are found to be mainly massive, red galaxies. Once we have accounted for the colour-mass degeneracy in well-defined mass-matched samples, we find a residual (marginal) enhancement of the incidence of AGNs in redder galaxies with lower specific SFRs. We argue that this result might emerge because of our ability to properly account for AGN light contamination and dust extinction, compared to surveys with a more limited multiwavelength coverage. However, because these colour shifts are relatively small, systematic effects could still be considered responsible for some of the observed trends. Interestingly, we find that the probability for a galaxy to host a black hole that is growing at any given 'specific accretion rate' (i.e. the ratio of X-ray luminosity to the host stellar mass) is almost independent of the host galaxy mass, while it decreases as a power law with L-X/M-*. By analysing the normalization of such a probability distribution, we show how the incidence of AGNs increases with redshift as rapidly as (1 + z)(4), which closely resembles the overall evolution of the specific SFR of the entire galaxy population. We provide analytical fitting formulae that describe the probability of a galaxy of any mass (above the completeness limit of the COSMOS) to host an AGN of any given specific accretion rate as a function of redshift. These can be useful tools for theoretical studies of the growing population of black holes within galaxy evolution models. Although AGN activity and star formation in galaxies do appear to have a common triggering mechanism, at least in a statistical sense, within the COSMOS sample, we do not find any conclusive evidence to suggest that AGNs have a powerful influence on the star-forming properties of their host galaxies. C1 [Bongiorno, A.; Merloni, A.; Brusa, M.; Magnelli, B.; Salvato, M.; Rosario, D.; Balestra, I.; Berta, S.; Lutz, D.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Bongiorno, A.; Fiore, F.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Rome, Italy. [Mignoli, M.; Zamorani, G.; Comastri, A.; Vignali, C.; Bardelli, S.; Pozzi, F.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Mainieri, V.] ESO, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Hao, H.] SISSA, I-34136 Trieste, Italy. [Vignali, C.; Pozzetti, L.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Civano, F.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kampczyk, P.] ETH, Inst Astron, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Le Floc'h, E.; Riguccini, L.] CEA DSM CNRS Univ Paris Diderot, IRFU, Serv Astrophys, Lab AIM,CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Lusso, E.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Shankar, F.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, Observ Paris, GEPI, F-92195 Meudon, France. [Silverman, J.] Univ Tokyo, IPMU, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778568, Japan. RP Bongiorno, A (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM angela.bongiorno@oa-roma.inaf.it RI Vignali, Cristian/J-4974-2012; Bardelli, Sandro/O-9369-2015; Mignoli, Marco/O-9426-2015; Comastri, Andrea/O-9543-2015; OI Fiore, Fabrizio/0000-0002-4031-4157; Vignali, Cristian/0000-0002-8853-9611; Bardelli, Sandro/0000-0002-8900-0298; Mignoli, Marco/0000-0002-9087-2835; Comastri, Andrea/0000-0003-3451-9970; Pozzetti, Lucia/0000-0001-7085-0412; Balestra, Italo/0000-0001-9660-894X; Bongiorno, Angela/0000-0002-0101-6624; Zamorani, Giovanni/0000-0002-2318-301X; Brusa, Marcella/0000-0002-5059-6848 FU INAF Fellowship Programme; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [HST-GO-09822]; ESA Member States; USA (NASA); European Southern Observatory under the Large Programme, Chile [175.A-0839]; Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Technologie/Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft und Raumfahrt (BMWI/DLR) [FKZ 50 OX 0001]; Max-Planck Society; Heidenhain-Stiftung. In Italy; ASI-INAF [I/009/10/0, ASI/COFIS/WP3110, I/026/07/0]; INAF PRIN 'From the dawn of galaxy formation to the peak of the mass assembly' FX We thank the referee, Dr James Mullaney, for constructive comments that have helped to improve the manuscript and for the interesting discussion. We also thank R. Hyckox and K. Schawinski for useful discussions. AB is supported by the INAF Fellowship Programme. The HST COSMOS Treasury programme was supported through National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) grant HST-GO-09822. This work is mainly based on observations obtained with XMM-Newton, an ESA Science Mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and the USA (NASA), and with the European Southern Observatory under the Large Programme 175.A-0839, Chile. In Germany, the XMM-Newton project is supported by the Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Technologie/Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft und Raumfahrt (BMWI/DLR, FKZ 50 OX 0001), the Max-Planck Society and the Heidenhain-Stiftung. In Italy, the XMM-COSMOS project is supported by ASI-INAF grants I/009/10/0 and ASI/COFIS/WP3110, I/026/07/0. Part of this work was supported by INAF PRIN 2010 'From the dawn of galaxy formation to the peak of the mass assembly'. We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of the entire COSMOS collaboration. More information on COSMOS is available at http://www.astro.caltech.edu/cosmos. NR 156 TC 95 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0035-8711 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 427 IS 4 BP 3103 EP 3133 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22089.x PG 31 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 050ZI UT WOS:000312093200033 ER PT J AU Green, DJ Richmond, BG Miran, SL AF Green, David J. Richmond, Brian G. Miran, Sara L. TI Mouse Shoulder Morphology Responds to Locomotor Activity and the Kinematic Differences of Climbing and Running SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION LA English DT Article ID MYOSTATIN-DEFICIENT MICE; CHONDRAL MODELING THEORY; LATER STONE-AGE; BONE MASS; CORTICAL BONE; POSTCRANIAL ROBUSTICITY; BEHAVIORAL-MODIFICATION; MUS-MUSCULUS; EXERCISE; ONTOGENY AB Mechanical loads play a significant role in determining long bone shape and strength, but less work has explored how these loads influence flat bones like the scapula, which has been shown to vary with locomotor preference among primate taxa. Here, we tested the effects of voluntary running and climbing exercise in mice to examine how the mechanical loads borne from different locomotor patterns influence shoulder morphological development. Ninety-nine female wild-type mice were distributed equally among sedentary control, activity-wheel running, and vertical climbing experimental conditions. Running mice had the lowest body masses, larger intrinsic shoulder muscles, and the most pronounced differences in scapular size and shape relative to the other groups. Climbing mouse scapular morphology also differed significantly from the control individuals, but these differences were not as marked as those between the running and control mice. This might be attributable in part to greater levels of activity in the wheel-runners relative to the climbers. Additionally, climbing mice held their bodies closer to the substrate and maintained more flexed limbs and posterior hand positions compared with the kinematics of running. As a result, climbers differed significantly from both the running and control mice in developing a relatively broader infraspinous region, which is likely related to preferential recruitment of the infraspinatus and teres minor muscles to maintain flexed shoulder postures. The results of this study demonstrate that variation in activity level and type of locomotor regime over a significant portion of the life history influences muscle and bone development in the shoulder. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 9999B:621638, 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Green, David J.] Midwestern Univ, Dept Anat, Downers Grove, IL 60515 USA. [Green, David J.; Richmond, Brian G.] Ctr Adv Study Hominid Paleobiol, Washington, DC USA. [Green, David J.; Richmond, Brian G.; Miran, Sara L.] George Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC USA. [Richmond, Brian G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Human Origins Program, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Green, DJ (reprint author), Midwestern Univ, Dept Anat, 555 31st St, Downers Grove, IL 60515 USA. EM dgreen1@midwestern.edu FU Wenner-Gren Foundation; National Science Foundation IGERT [9987590]; NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement [BCS-0824552] FX Grant sponsor: Wenner-Gren Foundation; Grant sponsor: National Science Foundation IGERT; Grant number: 9987590; Grant sponsor: NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement; Grant number: BCS-0824552. NR 84 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1552-5007 J9 J EXP ZOOL PART B JI J. Exp. Zool. Part B PD DEC PY 2012 VL 318B IS 8 BP 621 EP 638 DI 10.1002/jez.b.22466 PG 18 WC Evolutionary Biology; Developmental Biology; Zoology SC Evolutionary Biology; Developmental Biology; Zoology GA 048GJ UT WOS:000311898600004 PM 22907677 ER PT J AU O'Malley, RC Power, ML AF O'Malley, Robert C. Power, Michael L. TI Nutritional composition of actual and potential insect prey for the Kasekela chimpanzees of Gombe National Park, Tanzania SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pan troglodytes; predation; insectivory; nutrition; diet ID PAN-TROGLODYTES-VERUS; WILD CHIMPANZEES; EDIBLE INSECTS; BEE BROOD; TOOL-USE; HUMAN FOOD; GORILLAS; ECOLOGY; CONSUMPTION; TECHNOLOGY AB Humans, all great ape species, and some lesser apes consume insects. Insects can provide comparable nutritional yields to meat on a gram-for-gram basis and may serve as an important source of energy, fat, protein, minerals, and vitamins for hominoids. Although potential insect prey are abundant in ape habitats, patterns of insectivory are not consistent across species or populations. Efforts to understand these patterns are complicated by a lack of nutritional data. We collected samples of insects consumed by the Kasekela chimpanzee community of Gombe National Park, Tanzania, as well as of some insects found within the community range and ignored by these chimpanzees but known to be preyed upon by Pan elsewhere. We determined the gross energy (GE), estimated metabolizable energy (ME), fat, protein, fiber, and ash content of these samples following standard methodologies. We use these data to test the hypothesis that Kasekela chimpanzees choose insect prey (at least in part) based on energy and/or macronutrient content. On a fresh-weight, per-gram basis, the insect prey consumed by Kasekela chimpanzees had significantly higher fat and lower ash content than other assayed insects, and on a fresh-weight, per-foraging-unit (per-insect, per-dip, or per-nest) basis were significantly higher in GE, fat, and protein. On a per-gram basis, the assayed insects were generally comparable in energy and macronutrients to wild vertebrate meat. We conclude that Kasekela chimpanzees do favor insects that are high in energy, fat, and protein, and that the potential macronutrient yields from some forms of insectivory are not trivial. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [O'Malley, Robert C.] Kenyon Coll, Dept Anthropol, Gambier, OH 43022 USA. [Power, Michael L.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Nutr Lab, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. [Power, Michael L.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20084 USA. RP O'Malley, RC (reprint author), Kenyon Coll, Dept Anthropol, Palme House, Gambier, OH 43022 USA. EM omalleyrc@gmail.com OI Power, Michael/0000-0002-6120-3528 FU USC Joint Initiative Merit Fellowship; USC International Field Research Award; USC Summer Dissertation and Writing Award; USC Gold Family Fellowship; USC Jane Goodall Center Research Award; USC Integrative and Evolutionary Biology Merit Award; Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute; Tanzania National Parks; Gombe National Park; Jane Goodall Institute-Tanzania FX Grant sponsors: USC Joint Initiative Merit Fellowship; USC International Field Research Award; USC Summer Dissertation and Writing Award; USC Gold Family Fellowship; USC Jane Goodall Center Research Award; USC Integrative and Evolutionary Biology Merit Award.; Samson Pindu provided invaluable assistance in the field. Michael Jakubasz provided training for the nutritional assays. Interns Julie Behler and Christina Petzinger completed a subset of the assays. Dr. Francisco Hita Garcia, Dr. Caspar Schoning, and Dr. Rudolf Scheffrahn shared their expertise in insect identification. We thank the Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, the Tanzania National Parks, Gombe National Park, and the Jane Goodall Institute-Tanzania for their permission and support for this research, conducted under COSTECH permit 2009-229-ER-2007-188. We thank three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and critiques. NR 84 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 35 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-9483 EI 1096-8644 J9 AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL JI Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 149 IS 4 BP 493 EP 503 DI 10.1002/ajpa.22151 PG 11 WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology GA 039ID UT WOS:000311237400002 PM 23115107 ER PT J AU Barnett, AA Boyle, SA Norconk, MM Palminteri, S Santos, RR Veiga, LM Alvim, THG Bowler, M Chism, J Di Fiore, A Fernandez-Duque, E Guimaraes, ACP Harrison-Levine, A Haugaasen, T Lehman, S Mackinnon, KC De Melo, FR Moreira, LS Moura, VS Phillips, CR Pinto, LP Port-Carvalho, M Setz, EZF Shaffer, C Da Silva, IR Da Silva, SDSB Soares, RF Thompson, CL Vieira, TM Vreedzaam, A Walker-Pacheco, SE Spironello, WR Maclarnon, A Ferrari, SF AF Barnett, Adrian A. Boyle, Sarah A. Norconk, Marilyn M. Palminteri, Suzanne Santos, Ricardo R. Veiga, Liza M. Alvim, Thiago H. G. Bowler, Mark Chism, Janice Di Fiore, Anthony Fernandez-Duque, Eduardo Guimaraes, Ana C. P. Harrison-Levine, Amy Haugaasen, Torbjorn Lehman, Shawn Mackinnon, Katherine C. De Melo, Fabiano R. Moreira, Leandro S. Moura, Viviane S. Phillips, Carson R. Pinto, Liliam P. Port-Carvalho, Marcio Setz, Eleonore Z. F. Shaffer, Christopher Da Silva, Ivia Rodrigues Da Silva, Suleima Do S. B. Soares, Rafaela F. Thompson, Cynthia L. Vieira, Tatiana M. Vreedzaam, Arioene Walker-Pacheco, Suzanne E. Spironello, Wilson R. Maclarnon, Ann Ferrari, Stephen F. TI Terrestrial Activity in Pitheciins (Cacajao, Chiropotes, and Pithecia) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE behavior; pitheciids; primates; terrestrial ID EASTERN BRAZILIAN AMAZONIA; NEW-WORLD MONKEYS; SPIDER MONKEYS; BEARDED SAKIS; HABITAT USE; SATANAS-CHIROPOTES; SAIMIRI-SCIUREUS; PREDATION RISK; SEED-PREDATOR; RAIN-FOREST AB Neotropical monkeys of the genera Cacajao, Chiropotes, and Pithecia (Pitheciidae) are considered to be highly arboreal, spending most of their time feeding and traveling in the upper canopy. Until now, the use of terrestrial substrates has not been analyzed in detail in this group. Here, we review the frequency of terrestrial use among pitheciin taxa to determine the ecological and social conditions that might lead to such behavior. We collated published and unpublished data from 14 taxa in the three genera. Data were gleaned from 53 published studies (including five on multiple pitheciin genera) and personal communications of unpublished data distributed across 31 localities. Terrestrial activity was reported in 61% of Pithecia field studies (11 of 18), in 34% of Chiropotes studies (10 of 29), and 36% of Cacajao studies (4 of 11). Within Pithecia, terrestrial behavior was more frequently reported in smaller species (e.g. P. pithecia) that are vertical clingers and leapers and make extensive use of the understory than in in the larger bodied canopy dwellers of the western Amazon (e.g. P. irrorata). Terrestrial behavior in Pithecia also occurred more frequently and lasted longer than in Cacajao or Chiropotes. An apparent association was found between flooded habitats and terrestrial activity and there is evidence of the development of a local pattern of terrestrial use in some populations. Seasonal fruit availability also may stimulate terrestrial behavior. Individuals also descended to the ground when visiting mineral licks, escaping predators, and responding to accidents such as a dropped infant. Overall, the results of this review emphasize that terrestrial use is rare among the pitheciins in general and is usually associated with the exploitation of specific resources or habitat types. Am. J. Primatol. 74:1106-1127, 2012. (c) 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Barnett, Adrian A.; Maclarnon, Ann] Roehampton Univ, CREEA, London SW15 4JD, England. [Barnett, Adrian A.; Spironello, Wilson R.] Natl Inst Amazonian Res, Biodivers Unit, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Boyle, Sarah A.] Rhodes Coll, Dept Biol, Memphis, TN 38112 USA. [Boyle, Sarah A.] Natl Inst Amazonian Res, Biol Dynam Forest Fragments Project, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Boyle, Sarah A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Norconk, Marilyn M.] Kent State Univ, Dept Anthropol, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Palminteri, Suzanne] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Ctr Evolut Ecol & Conservat, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Santos, Ricardo R.] Univ Fed Maranhao, Ctr Agrarian & Environm Sci, Chapadinha, Maranhao, Brazil. [Veiga, Liza M.] Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Postgrad Program Zool, Belem, Para, Brazil. [Veiga, Liza M.] Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Dept Zool, Belem, Para, Brazil. [Alvim, Thiago H. G.; De Melo, Fabiano R.] Univ Fed Goias, Res Aid Fdn, Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Bowler, Mark] Univ St Andrews, Dept Psychol, St Andrews, Scotland. [Chism, Janice] Winthrop Univ, Dept Biol, Rock Hill, SC 29733 USA. [Di Fiore, Anthony] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Anthropol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Fernandez-Duque, Eduardo] Univ Penn, Dept Anthropol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Harrison-Levine, Amy] Univ Colorado, Dept Anthropol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Lehman, Shawn] Univ Toronto, Dept Anthropol, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. [Mackinnon, Katherine C.] St Louis Univ, Dept Sociol & Criminal Justice, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Phillips, Carson R.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Pinto, Liliam P.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Biol, Postgrad Ecol Course, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Pinto, Liliam P.] Chico Inst Biodivers Conservat, Natl Ctr Amazonian Biodivers Res & Conservat, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Port-Carvalho, Marcio] Bauru Expt Stn, Sao Paulo Forestry Inst, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Setz, Eleonore Z. F.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Anim Biol Dept, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Shaffer, Christopher] Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Da Silva, Suleima Do S. B.] Univ Fed Amazonas, Dept Biol, Postgrad Sch, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Da Silva, Suleima Do S. B.] Fed Univ Para, Inst Biol Sci, Wild Anim Reprod Lab, BR-66059 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Thompson, Cynthia L.] NE Ohio Med Univ, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Rootstown, OH USA. [Vreedzaam, Arioene] Univ Suriname Campus, Adv Teachers Training Inst Suriname, Paramaribo, Surinam. [Walker-Pacheco, Suzanne E.] Missouri State Univ, Dept Sociol & Anthropol, Springfield, MO USA. [Ferrari, Stephen F.] Univ Fed Sergipe, Dept Biol, Sao Cristovao, Sergipe, Brazil. RP Barnett, AA (reprint author), Roehampton Univ, CREEA, Holybourne Ave, London SW15 4JD, England. EM adrian.barnett1.biology@gmail.com RI Setz, Eleonore/C-1050-2012; Melo, Fabiano/C-9061-2013; Haugaasen, Torbjorn/I-2663-2013; OI Setz, Eleonore/0000-0001-7638-7086; Haugaasen, Torbjorn/0000-0003-0901-5324; MacLarnon, Ann/0000-0003-2722-4998 NR 126 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0275-2565 J9 AM J PRIMATOL JI Am. J. Primatol. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 74 IS 12 BP 1106 EP 1127 DI 10.1002/ajp.22068 PG 22 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 041EA UT WOS:000311378500006 PM 22930419 ER PT J AU Dirienzo, WJ Indebetouw, R Brogan, C Cyganowski, CJ Churchwell, E Friesen, RK AF Dirienzo, William J. Indebetouw, Remy Brogan, Crystal Cyganowski, Claudia J. Churchwell, Ed Friesen, Rachel K. TI TESTING TRIGGERED STAR FORMATION IN SIX H II REGIONS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE H II regions; ISM: bubbles; stars: formation; stars: protostars ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; RADIATION-DRIVEN IMPLOSION; BUBBLING GALACTIC DISK; ARRAY CAMERA IRAC; MILKY-WAY PROJECT; MOLECULAR CLOUD; HII-REGIONS; FORMING REGIONS; GLIMPSE SURVEY AB We investigated six H II regions with infrared, bright rimmed bubble or cometary morphology, in search of quantitative evidence for triggered star formation, both collect and collapse and radiatively driven implosion (RDI). We identified and classified 458 young stellar objects (YSOs) in and around the H II regions. YSOs were determined by fitting a collection of radiative transfer model spectral energy distributions to infrared photometry for a large sample of point sources. We determined areas where there exist enhanced populations of relatively unevolved YSOs on the bright rims of these regions, suggesting that star formation has been triggered there. We further investigated the physical properties of the regions by using radio continuum emission as a proxy for ionizing flux powering the H II regions, and (CO)-C-13 (1-0) observations to measure masses and gravitational stability of molecular clumps. We used an analytical model of collect and collapse triggered star formation, as well as a simulation of RDI, and thus we compare the observed properties of the molecular gas with those predicted in the triggering scenarios. Notably, those regions in our sample that show evidence of cometary, or "blister," morphology are more likely to show evidence of triggering. C1 [Dirienzo, William J.; Indebetouw, Remy] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Indebetouw, Remy; Brogan, Crystal; Friesen, Rachel K.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Cyganowski, Claudia J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Churchwell, Ed] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Friesen, Rachel K.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. RP Dirienzo, WJ (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, POB 3818, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. EM dirienzo@virginia.edu FU NASA; JPL/Caltech; NSF [AST-1003134]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation [AST-9800334, AST-0098562, AST-0100793]; Jefferson Scholars Foundation at the University of Virginia FX This work is based (in part) on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. Support for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech. Claudia J. Cyganowski is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1003134. This publication makes use of data products from the 2MASS, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This publication makes use of molecular line data from the Boston University-FCRAO Galactic Ring Survey (GRS). The GRS is a joint project of Boston University and Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory, funded by the National Science Foundation under grants AST-9800334, AST-0098562, and AST-0100793. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. This research has made use of SAOImage DS9, developed by Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This work was funded in part by the Jefferson Scholars Foundation at the University of Virginia. NR 85 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 144 IS 6 AR 173 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/144/6/173 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 038HI UT WOS:000311165400016 ER PT J AU Lacy, CHS Torres, G Claret, A AF Lacy, Claud H. Sandberg Torres, Guillermo Claret, Antonio TI ABSOLUTE PROPERTIES OF THE TRIPLE STAR CF TAURI SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: eclipsing; binaries: spectroscopic; stars: fundamental parameters; stars: individual (CF Tau) ID ACTIVE BINARY STARS; ECLIPSING BINARIES; SPECTROSCOPIC BINARIES; LIGHT CURVES; BOLOMETRIC CORRECTIONS; STELLAR EVOLUTION; TIDAL-EVOLUTION; Y-2 ISOCHRONES; SYSTEMS; CATALOG AB CF Tau is now known to be an eclipsing triple star with relatively deep total and annular eclipses. New light and radial velocity curves as well as new times of minima were obtained and used for further modeling of the system. Very accurate (better than 0.9%) masses and radii of the eclipsing pair are determined from analysis of the two new light curves, the radial velocity curve, and the times of minimum light. The mass and luminosity of the distant third component is accurately determined as well. Theoretical models of the detached, evolved eclipsing pair match the observed absolute properties of the stars at an age of about 4.3 Gyr and [Fe/H] = -0.14. C1 [Lacy, Claud H. Sandberg] Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Torres, Guillermo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Claret, Antonio] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain. RP Lacy, CHS (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM clacy@uark.edu; gtorres@cfa.harvard.edu; claret@iaa.es FU NSF [AST-10-07992] FX The authors thank Bill Neely who operates and maintains the NFO WebScope for the Consortium, and who handles preliminary processing of the images and their distribution. We are grateful to P. Berlind, M. Calkins, R. Davis, G. Esquerdo, T. Fleming, E. Horine, D. Latham, L. Marshall, R. Mathieu, J. Peters, and R. Stefanik for help in obtaining the spectroscopic observations used here. G. T. acknowledges partial support for this work from NSF grant AST-10-07992. NR 64 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 144 IS 6 AR 167 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/144/6/167 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 038HI UT WOS:000311165400010 ER PT J AU Megeath, ST Gutermuth, R Muzerolle, J Kryukova, E Flaherty, K Hora, JL Allen, LE Hartmann, L Myers, PC Pipher, JL Stauffer, J Young, ET Fazio, GG AF Megeath, S. T. Gutermuth, R. Muzerolle, J. Kryukova, E. Flaherty, K. Hora, J. L. Allen, L. E. Hartmann, L. Myers, P. C. Pipher, J. L. Stauffer, J. Young, E. T. Fazio, G. G. TI THE SPITZER SPACE TELESCOPE SURVEY OF THE ORION A AND B MOLECULAR CLOUDS. I. A CENSUS OF DUSTY YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS AND A STUDY OF THEIR MID-INFRARED VARIABILITY SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE infrared: stars; ISM: individual objects (Orion A, Orion B); stars: formation; stars: variables: T Tauri, Herbig Ae/Be ID MULTIBAND IMAGING PHOTOMETER; INFRARED ARRAY CAMERA; T-TAURI STARS; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; NEBULA CLUSTER; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; TRAPEZIUM CLUSTER; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; ABSOLUTE CALIBRATION AB We present a survey of the Orion A and B molecular clouds undertaken with the IRAC and MIPS instruments on board Spitzer. In total, five distinct fields were mapped, covering 9 deg(2) in five mid-IR bands spanning 3-24 mu m. The survey includes the Orion Nebula Cluster, the Lynds 1641, 1630, and 1622 dark clouds, and the NGC 2023, 2024, 2068, and 2071 nebulae. These data are merged with the Two Micron All Sky Survey point source catalog to generate a catalog of eight-band photometry. We identify 3479 dusty young stellar objects (YSOs) in the Orion molecular clouds by searching for point sources with mid-IR colors indicative of reprocessed light from dusty disks or infalling envelopes. The YSOs are subsequently classified on the basis of their mid-IR colors and their spatial distributions are presented. We classify 2991 of the YSOs as pre-main-sequence stars with disks and 488 as likely protostars. Most of the sources were observed with IRAC in two to three epochs over six months; we search for variability between the epochs by looking for correlated variability in the 3.6 and 4.5 mu m bands. We find that 50% of the dusty YSOs show variability. The variations are typically small (similar to 0.2 mag) with the protostars showing a higher incidence of variability and larger variations. The observed correlations between the 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8 mu m variability suggests that we are observing variations in the heating of the inner disk due to changes in the accretion luminosity or rotating accretion hot spots. C1 [Megeath, S. T.; Kryukova, E.] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43560 USA. [Gutermuth, R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Muzerolle, J.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Flaherty, K.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hora, J. L.; Myers, P. C.; Fazio, G. G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Allen, L. E.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Hartmann, L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Pipher, J. L.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Stauffer, J.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Young, E. T.] NASA, SOFIA Univ Space Res Assoc, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Megeath, ST (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43560 USA. EM megeath@physics.utoledo.edu OI Hora, Joseph/0000-0002-5599-4650 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [960541, 960785]; National Science Foundation FX This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis. Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. This work received support through that provided to the IRAC and MIPS instruments by NASA through contracts 960541 and 960785, respectively, issued by JPL. Support for this work was also provided by NASA through awards to STM and JLP issued by JPL/Caltech. NR 85 TC 115 Z9 115 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2012 VL 144 IS 6 AR 192 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/144/6/192 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 038HI UT WOS:000311165400035 ER PT J AU Brickhouse, NS Cranmer, SR Dupree, AK Gunther, HM Luna, GJM Wolk, SJ AF Brickhouse, N. S. Cranmer, S. R. Dupree, A. K. Guenther, H. M. Luna, G. J. M. Wolk, S. J. TI X-RAY DETERMINATION OF THE VARIABLE RATE OF MASS ACCRETION ONTO TW HYDRAE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; stars: formation; stars: individual (TW Hydrae); techniques: spectroscopic; X-rays: stars ID TAURI-STARS; LINE DIAGNOSTICS; DISK ACCRETION; EMISSION; SHOCK; WINDS; HYA; SPECTROSCOPY; VARIABILITY; ABSORPTION AB Diagnostics of electron temperature (T-e), electron density (n(e)), and hydrogen column density (N-H) from the Chandra High Energy Transmission Grating spectrum of He-like Ne IX in TW Hydrae (TW Hya), in conjunction with a classical accretion model, allow us to infer the accretion rate onto the star directly from measurements of the accreting material. The new method introduces the use of the absorption of Ne IX lines as a measure of the column density of the intervening, accreting material. On average, the derived mass accretion rate for TW Hya is 1.5 x 10(-9) M-circle dot yr(-1), for a stellar magnetic field strength of 600 G and a filling factor of 3.5%. Three individual Chandra exposures show statistically significant differences in the Ne IX line ratios, indicating changes in NH, Te, and ne by factors of 0.28, 1.6, and 1.3, respectively. In exposures separated by 2.7 days, the observations reported here suggest a five-fold reduction in the accretion rate. This powerful new technique promises to substantially improve our understanding of the accretion process in young stars. C1 [Brickhouse, N. S.; Cranmer, S. R.; Dupree, A. K.; Guenther, H. M.; Luna, G. J. M.; Wolk, S. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Brickhouse, NS (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Gunther, Hans Moritz/0000-0003-4243-2840; Brickhouse, Nancy/0000-0002-8704-4473; Wolk, Scott/0000-0002-0826-9261 FU NASA [GO7-8018X, NAS8-03060, NNG04GE77G, GO-12315.01] FX ` We acknowledge support from NASA to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) under Chandra GO7-8018X for G.J.M.L. N.S.B. and S.J.W. were supported by NASA contract NAS8-03060 to SAO for the Chandra X-ray Center. S.R.C.'s contribution to this work was supported by NASA grant NNG04GE77G to SAO. Support for H.M.G.'s contribution was provided through HST grant GO-12315.01 from NASA. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 760 IS 2 AR L21 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/760/2/L21 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 037KM UT WOS:000311103000002 ER PT J AU Currie, T Debes, J Rodigas, TJ Burrows, A Itoh, Y Fukagawa, M Kenyon, SJ Kuchner, M Matsumura, S AF Currie, Thayne Debes, John Rodigas, Timothy J. Burrows, Adam Itoh, Yoichi Fukagawa, Misato Kenyon, Scott J. Kuchner, Marc Matsumura, Soko TI DIRECT IMAGING CONFIRMATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A DUST-ENSHROUDED CANDIDATE EXOPLANET ORBITING FOMALHAUT SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; stars: individual: (Fomalhaut) ID HR 8799 B; MU-M; PLANETARY SYSTEM; BROWN DWARFS; IMAGES; MASS; INCLINATION; TELESCOPE; COMPANION; MODELS AB We present Subaru/IRCS J-band data for Fomalhaut and a (re) reduction of archival 2004-2006 HST/ACS data first presented by Kalas et al. We confirm the existence of a candidate exoplanet, Fomalhaut b, in both the 2004 and 2006 F606W data sets at a high signal-to-noise ratio. Additionally, we confirm the detection at F814W and present a new detection in F435W. Fomalhaut b's space motion may be consistent with it being in an apsidally aligned, non-debris ring-crossing orbit, although new astrometry is required for firmer conclusions. We cannot confirm that Fomalhaut b exhibits 0.7-0.8 mag variability cited as evidence for planet accretion or a semi-transient dust cloud. The new, combined optical spectral energy distribution and IR upper limits confirm that emission identifying Fomalhaut b originates from starlight scattered by small dust, but this dust is most likely associated with a massive body. The Subaru and IRAC/4.5 mu m upper limits imply M < 2 M-J, still consistent with the range of Fomalhaut b masses needed to sculpt the disk. Fomalhaut b is very plausibly "a planet identified from direct imaging" even if current images of it do not, strictly speaking, show thermal emission from a directly imaged planet. C1 [Currie, Thayne] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Currie, Thayne; Kuchner, Marc] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Stellar & Exoplanets Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Debes, John] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Rodigas, Timothy J.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ USA. [Burrows, Adam] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Itoh, Yoichi] Univ Hyogo, Nishi Harima Observ, Kobe, Hyogo 6500044, Japan. [Fukagawa, Misato] Osaka Univ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Osaka, Japan. [Kenyon, Scott J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA USA. [Matsumura, Soko] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Currie, T (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON, Canada. EM currie@astro.utoronto.ca OI Kenyon, Scott/0000-0003-0214-609X NR 32 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 760 IS 2 AR L32 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/760/2/L32 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 037KM UT WOS:000311103000013 ER PT J AU Cyganowski, CJ Brogan, CL Hunter, TR Zhang, Q Friesen, RK Indebetouw, R Chandler, CJ AF Cyganowski, C. J. Brogan, C. L. Hunter, T. R. Zhang, Q. Friesen, R. K. Indebetouw, R. Chandler, C. J. TI THE PROTOCLUSTER G18.67+0.03: A TEST CASE FOR CLASS I CH3OH MASERS AS EVOLUTIONARY INDICATORS FOR MASSIVE STAR FORMATION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ISM: individual objects (G18.67+0.03); ISM: jets and outflows; ISM: molecules; masers; stars: formation; techniques: interferometric ID EXTENDED GREEN OBJECTS; METHANOL MASERS; FORMING REGIONS; LARGE ARRAY; GLIMPSE SURVEY; OUTFLOW; EGOS; ULTRACOMPACT; CATALOG; G5.89-0.39 AB We present high angular resolution Submillimeter Array and Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array observations of the massive protocluster G18.67+0.03. Previously targeted in maser surveys of GLIMPSE Extended Green Objects (EGOs), this cluster contains three Class I CH3OH maser sources, providing a unique opportunity to test the proposed role of Class I masers as evolutionary indicators for massive star formation. The millimeter observations reveal bipolar molecular outflows, traced by (CO)-C-13(2-1) emission, associated with all three Class I maser sources. Two of these sources (including the EGO) are also associated with 6.7 GHz Class II CH3OH masers; the Class II masers are coincident with millimeter continuum cores that exhibit hot core line emission and drive active outflows, as indicated by the detection of SiO(5-4). In these cases, the Class I masers are coincident with outflow lobes, and appear as clear cases of excitation by active outflows. In contrast, the third Class I source is associated with an ultracompact (UC) H II region, and not with Class II masers. The lack of SiO emission suggests that the 13CO outflow is a relic, consistent with its longer dynamical timescale. Our data show that massive young stellar objects (MYSOs) associated only with Class I masers are not necessarily young and provide the first unambiguous evidence that Class I masers may be excited by both young (hot core) and older (UC H II) MYSOs within the same protocluster. C1 [Cyganowski, C. J.; Zhang, Q.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brogan, C. L.; Hunter, T. R.; Friesen, R. K.; Indebetouw, R.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Indebetouw, R.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Chandler, C. J.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Friesen, R. K.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. RP Cyganowski, CJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM ccyganowski@cfa.harvard.edu FU NSF AAPF [AST-1003134] FX This research made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services, APLpy, an open-source plotting package for Python hosted at http://aplpy.github.com,and the myXCLASS program (http://www.astro.uni-koeln.de/projects/schilke/XCLASS), which accesses the CDMS (http://www.cdms.de) and JPL (http://spec.jpl.nasa.gov) molecular databases. C.J. Cyganowski is supported by an NSF AAPF under award AST-1003134. NR 37 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 760 IS 2 AR L20 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/760/2/L20 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 037KM UT WOS:000311103000001 ER PT J AU Ivanova, N Fragos, T Kim, DW Fabbiano, G Nandez, JLA Lombardi, JC Sivakoff, GR Voss, R Jordan, A AF Ivanova, N. Fragos, T. Kim, D. -W. Fabbiano, G. Nandez, J. L. Avendano Lombardi, J. C. Sivakoff, G. R. Voss, R. Jordan, A. TI ON THE ORIGIN OF THE METALLICITY DEPENDENCE IN DYNAMICALLY FORMED EXTRAGALACTIC LOW-MASS X-RAY BINARIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE binaries: close; globular clusters: general; X-rays: binaries ID GLOBULAR-CLUSTER CONNECTION; DENSE STAR-CLUSTERS; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; STELLAR COLLISIONS; EVOLUTION; SYSTEMS; CHANDRA; MODELS AB Globular clusters (GCs) effectively produce dynamically formed low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs). Observers detect similar to 100 times more LMXBs per stellar mass in GCs compared to stars in the fields of galaxies. Observationally, metal-rich GCs are about three times more likely to contain an X-ray source than their metal-poor counterparts. Recent observations have shown that this ratio holds in extragalactic GCs for all bright X-ray sources with L-X between 2 x 10(37) and 5 x 10(38) erg s(-1). In this Letter, we propose that the observed metallicity dependence of LMXBs in extragalactic GCs can be explained by the differences in the number densities and average masses of red giants in populations of different metallicities. Red giants serve as seeds for the dynamical production of bright LMXBs via two channels-binary exchanges and physical collisions-and the increase of the number densities and masses of red giants boost LMXB production, leading to the observed difference. We also discuss a possible effect of the age difference in stellar populations of different metallicities. C1 [Ivanova, N.; Nandez, J. L. Avendano; Sivakoff, G. R.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. [Fragos, T.; Kim, D. -W.; Fabbiano, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lombardi, J. C.] Allegheny Coll, Dept Phys, Meadville, PA 16335 USA. [Voss, R.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, Dept Astrophys, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Jordan, A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Santiago 7820436, Chile. [Jordan, A.] Milky Way Millennium Nucleus, Santiago 7820436, Chile. RP Ivanova, N (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. EM nata.ivanova@ualberta.ca RI Sivakoff, Gregory/G-9602-2011; Fragos, Tassos/A-3581-2016; OI Sivakoff, Gregory/0000-0001-6682-916X; Fragos, Tassos/0000-0003-1474-1523; Jordan, Andres/0000-0002-5389-3944 FU NSERC Discovery Grants; CfA prize fellowship program; ITC prize fellowship program; NASA [NAS8-39073]; CONACyT; Chilean Ministry for the Economy, Development, and Tourism's Programa Iniciativa Cientifica Milenio [P07-021-F]; National Science Foundation [1066293]; hospitality of the Aspen Center for Physics FX N.I. and G.R.S. acknowledge support by NSERC Discovery Grants. T.F. acknowledges support from the CfA and the ITC prize fellowship programs. D.-W.K. and G.F. acknowledge support from NASA contract NAS8-39073 (CXC). J.L.A.N. acknowledges support from CONACyT. A.J. is supported by the Chilean Ministry for the Economy, Development, and Tourism's Programa Iniciativa Cientifica Milenio through grant P07-021-F, awarded to The Milky Way Millennium Nucleus. This material is based on work supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant No. 1066293 and the hospitality of the Aspen Center for Physics. NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2012 VL 760 IS 2 AR L24 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/760/2/L24 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA 037KM UT WOS:000311103000005 ER PT J AU Dunn, AM Torchin, ME Hatcher, MJ Kotanen, PM Blumenthal, DM Byers, JE Coon, CAC Frankel, VM Holt, RD Hufbauer, RA Kanarek, AR Schierenbeck, KA Wolfe, LM Perkins, SE AF Dunn, Alison M. Torchin, Mark E. Hatcher, Melanie J. Kotanen, Peter M. Blumenthal, Dana M. Byers, James E. Coon, Courtney A. C. Frankel, Victor M. Holt, Robert D. Hufbauer, Ruth A. Kanarek, Andrew R. Schierenbeck, Kristina A. Wolfe, Lorne M. Perkins, Sarah E. TI Indirect effects of parasites in invasions SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE biological invasion; density-mediated indirect effect; indirect effect; parasitic infection; trait-mediated indirect effect ID INCREASED COMPETITIVE ABILITY; PHORID FLY PARASITOIDS; MEDIATED INTERACTIONS; INTRAGUILD PREDATION; INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; APPARENT COMPETITION; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; NEGLECTED CONCEPT AB 1. Introduced species disrupt native communities and biodiversity worldwide. Parasitic infections (and at times, their absence) are thought to be a key component in the success and impact of biological invasions by plants and animals. They can facilitate or limit invasions, and positively or negatively impact native species. 2. Parasites have not only direct effects on their hosts, but also indirect effects on the species with which their hosts interact. Indirect effects include density-mediated effects (resulting from parasite-induced reduction in host reproduction and survival) as well as trait-mediated indirect effects (resulting from parasite-induced changes in host phenotype, behaviour or life history). These effects are not mutually exclusive but often interact. 3. The importance of these indirect interactions for invasion success, and the extent to which these effects ramify throughout communities and influence ecosystems undergoing biological invasion provide the focus of our review. Examples from the animal and plant literature illustrate the importance of parasites in mediating both competitive and consumerresource interactions between native and invasive species. 4. Parasites are involved in indirect interactions at all trophic levels. Furthermore, the indirect effects of parasitic infection are important at a range of biological scales from within a host to the whole ecosystem in determining invasion success and impact. 5. To understand the importance of parasitic infection in invasion success and in the outcomes for invaded communities requires an interdisciplinary approach by ecologists and parasitologists, across animal and plant systems. Future research should develop a framework integrating community ecology, evolution and immunology to better understand and manage the spread of invasive species and their diseases. C1 [Dunn, Alison M.; Hatcher, Melanie J.] Univ Leeds, Fac Biol Sci, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Torchin, Mark E.; Frankel, Victor M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 084303092, Ancon, Panama. [Hatcher, Melanie J.] Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol BS8 1UG, Avon, England. [Kotanen, Peter M.] Univ Toronto Mississauga, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada. [Blumenthal, Dana M.] ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Byers, James E.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Coon, Courtney A. C.] Univ S Florida, Dept Integrat Biol, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Frankel, Victor M.] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada. [Frankel, Victor M.] McGill Univ, Redpath Museum, Montreal, PQ H3A 2K6, Canada. [Holt, Robert D.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hufbauer, Ruth A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Managemen, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hufbauer, Ruth A.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Kanarek, Andrew R.] Univ Tennessee, Natl Inst Math & Biol Synth, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Schierenbeck, Kristina A.] Calif State Univ Chico, Dept Biol Sci, Chico, CA 95929 USA. [Wolfe, Lorne M.] Georgia So Univ, Dept Biol, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. [Perkins, Sarah E.] Cardiff Sch Biosci, Cardiff CF10 3AX, S Glam, Wales. RP Dunn, AM (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Fac Biol Sci, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. EM a.dunn@leeds.ac.uk RI Perkins, Sarah/B-1817-2010; OI Perkins, Sarah/0000-0002-7457-2699; Dunn, Alison/0000-0002-4855-1077; Kotanen, Peter/0000-0002-7842-8715 FU Global Invasions Network NSF RCN [DEB-0541673]; NERC [NE/G015201/1, NE/J00630/1]; FP7 Intra-European Fellowship; NSERC; National Science Foundation [DEB 0349553]; NSF [EF-0832858]; NIH [GM-083192] FX We thank the British Ecological Society and th