FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT B AU Munroe, TA AF Munroe, Thomas A. BE Gibson, RN Nash, RDM Geffen, AJ VanDerVeer, HW TI Tropical flatfish fisheries SO FLATFISHES: BIOLOGY AND EXPLOITATION, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Tropical demersal fisheries; subsistence fisheries; artisanal fisheries; bycatch; tropical flatfish fisheries; tropical flatfishes; tonguefishes; soles; Indian spiny halibut; tropical flatfish catches; tropical flatfish landings ID MARINE CAPTURE FISHERIES; SMALL-SCALE FISHERIES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SOUTHEAST-ASIA; WORLD FISHERIES; PERSIAN-GULF; MANAGEMENT; FISH; IMPACTS; COMANAGEMENT AB Tropical seas represent one of the largest marine biomes on earth and have diverse assemblages of marine flatfishes (616+ species). Tropical coastlines support large human populations with approximately 95% of the world's fisher population having access to 60% of the world's fishery resources. Within tropical seas and estuaries, anthropogenic factors affect the greatest diversity of flatfishes found anywhere. Tropical fisheries land only a small proportion of the total diversity of flatfishes directly for human consumption, but large numbers are also killed or damaged during industrial and artisanal trawl fisheries operations. As more desirable fish species become scarcer due to overfishing, more flatfishes are marketed to meet increasing local demands for fish protein. Overfishing and habitat destruction pose the most serious threats to tropical flatfishes. Basic life-history and ecological information is wanting for the majority of tropical flatfishes, therefore, only limited approaches are available to protect these species from over-exploitation. C1 NOAA, Natl Systemat Lab, NMFS, Smithsonian Inst,NHB, Washington, DC 20113 USA. RP Munroe, TA (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Systemat Lab, NMFS, Smithsonian Inst,NHB, POB 37012 WC 60 MRC 153, Washington, DC 20113 USA. EM munroet@si.edu NR 165 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-50115-3; 978-1-118-50119-1 PY 2015 BP 418 EP 460 PG 43 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BD5UQ UT WOS:000361829300016 ER PT J AU Ruiz, GM Fofonoff, PW Steves, BP Carlton, JT AF Ruiz, Gregory M. Fofonoff, Paul W. Steves, Brian P. Carlton, James T. TI Invasion history and vector dynamics in coastal marine ecosystems: A North American perspective SO AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM HEALTH & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Marine Invasive Species: Management of Ballast Water and Other Vectors CY FEB 17-19, 2014 CL Muscat, OMAN DE ships; ballast water; hull fouling; oysters; nonindigenous; vector management ID SHIPS BALLAST WATER; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; HARD-SUBSTRATE; COMMUNITIES; MICROORGANISMS; CONSEQUENCES; CALIFORNIA; PATTERNS; VESSELS; HARBORS AB The known extent of biological invasions exhibits strong variation with respect to space, time, taxonomic group, and vector. Using a synthesis of nonindigenous species (NIS) occurrences in North America, we characterized the invasion history for coastal marine ecosystems by invertebrates and algae through 2010, to evaluate variation and existing patterns at a continental scale. This study updates a previous analysis of invasions for the same taxonomic groups in North America, providing a first assessment of changes in the last 11 year period (2000-2010). Overall, we documented 450 marine and estuarine NIS that are considered to have established populations in tidal waters of North America, representing a 51% increase in NIS richness compared to the earlier analysis. Of the 152 species added, 71 species (47%) have first documented records since the year 1999, and 81 species (53%) were additions attributed to earlier time periods due to recent reports and further analysis. Across all time periods, taxonomic groups with the largest contribution were Crustaceans (112 species) and Molluscs (80 species), together providing 43% of the total species richness for North America. Species richness was unevenly distributed among coasts, with most documented on the Pacific Coast (310 species) and fewer on the Atlantic Coast (189 species) and Gulf Coast (88 species). Commercial ships have contributed between (a) 44-78% of the initial (primary) invasions of all nonindigenous species to North America and (b) 52-82% of NIS in the last 30-year time interval, being driven by transfers associated with ballast water and hull biofouling. Importantly, invasion dynamics are a shifting landscape, where the past may not predict the future, especially with emerging trade patterns and global to local environmental changes. Thus, effective management to reduce future invasions requires a dynamic and multi-vector approach, instead of single vector strategies based on past history alone. C1 [Ruiz, Gregory M.; Fofonoff, Paul W.; Steves, Brian P.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Carlton, James T.] Williams Coll Myst Seaport, Mystic, CT 06355 USA. RP Ruiz, GM (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM ruizg@si.edu OI Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X FU California Department of Fish and Wildlife; National Sea Grant Program; Smithsonian Institution; U.S. Coast Guard FX This research was supported by funding from the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, National Sea Grant Program and Smithsonian Institution. Updating information in NEMESIS was made possible through additional research applications sponsored by U.S. Coast Guard. NR 61 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 26 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1463-4988 EI 1539-4077 J9 AQUAT ECOSYST HEALTH JI Aquat. Ecosyst. Health Manag. PY 2015 VL 18 IS 3 SI SI BP 299 EP 311 DI 10.1080/14634988.2015.1027534 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA CR6XL UT WOS:000361491600007 ER PT J AU Linares, OF AF Linares, Olga F. BE Bray, F Coclanis, PA FieldsBlack, EL Schafer, D TI When Jola Granaries Were Full SO RICE: GLOBAL NETWORKS AND NEW HISTORIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Linares, OF (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-04439-5 PY 2015 BP 229 EP 244 D2 10.1017/CBO9781107360266 PG 16 WC Economics; History SC Business & Economics; History GA BD3EU UT WOS:000359578800014 ER PT J AU Urata, Y Huang, K Asada, K Hirashita, H Inoue, M Ho, PTP AF Urata, Yuji Huang, Kuiyun Asada, Keiichi Hirashita, Hiroyuki Inoue, Makoto Ho, Paul T. P. TI A New Era of Submillimeter GRB Afterglow Follow-Ups with the Greenland Telescope SO ADVANCES IN ASTRONOMY LA English DT Review ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; OPTICAL AFTERGLOW; ROBOTIC TELESCOPE; ORPHAN AFTERGLOWS; PROMPT EMISSION; STAR-FORMATION; REVERSE SHOCK; LIGHT CURVES; SUZAKU-WAM; REAL-TIME AB Planned rapid submillimeter (submm) gamma-ray-bursts (GRBs) follow-up observations conducted using the Greenland Telescope (GLT) are presented. The GLT is a 12-m submm telescope to be located at the top of the Greenland ice sheet, where the high altitude and dry weather porvide excellent conditions for observations at submm wavelengths. With its combination of wavelength window and rapid responding system, the GLT will explore new insights on GRBs. Summarizing the current achievements of submm GRB follow-ups, we identify the following three scientific goals regarding GRBs: (1) systematic detection of bright submm emissions originating from reverse shock (RS) in the early afterglow phase, (2) characterization of forward shock and RS emissions by capturing their peak flux and frequencies and performing continuous monitoring, and (3) detections of GRBs at a high redshift as a result of the explosion of first generation stars through systematic rapid follow-ups. The light curves and spectra calculated by available theoretical models clearly show that the GLT could play a crucial role in these studies. C1 [Urata, Yuji] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. [Urata, Yuji; Asada, Keiichi; Hirashita, Hiroyuki; Inoue, Makoto; Ho, Paul T. P.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Huang, Kuiyun] Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Dept Math & Sci, New Taipei City 24449, Taiwan. [Ho, Paul T. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Urata, Y (reprint author), Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, Chungli 32054, Taiwan. EM urata@astro.ncu.edu.tw RI XRAY, SUZAKU/A-1808-2009 FU Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan [MOST 103-2112-M-008-021-, 103-2112-M-001-038-MY2, 102-2119-M-001-006-MY3] FX The Greenland Telescope (GLT) Project is a collaborative project between Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, MIT Haystack Observatory, and National Radio Astronomy Observatory. The authors would like to thank Shiho Kobayashi for the useful comments. The authors would also like to thank all members of the GLT single-dish science team organized at ASIAA. This work is partly supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan Grants MOST 103-2112-M-008-021- (Yuji Urata), 103-2112-M-001-038-MY2 (Keiichi Asada), and 102-2119-M-001-006-MY3 (Hiroyuki Hirashita). NR 85 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1687-7969 EI 1687-7977 J9 ADV ASTRON JI Adv. Astron. PY 2015 AR 165030 DI 10.1155/2015/165030 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CQ6LM UT WOS:000360715900001 ER PT J AU Proschek, V Kirchengast, G Schweitzer, S Brooke, JSA Bernath, PF Thomas, CB Wang, JG Tereszchuk, KA Abad, GG Hargreaves, RJ Beale, CA Harrison, JJ Martin, PA Kasyutich, VL Gerbig, C Kolle, O Loescher, A AF Proschek, V. Kirchengast, G. Schweitzer, S. Brooke, J. S. A. Bernath, P. F. Thomas, C. B. Wang, J. -G. Tereszchuk, K. A. Abad, G. Gonzalez Hargreaves, R. J. Beale, C. A. Harrison, J. J. Martin, P. A. Kasyutich, V. L. Gerbig, C. Kolle, O. Loescher, A. TI Retrieval and validation of carbon dioxide, methane and water vapor for the Canary Islands IR-laser occultation experiment SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS; TO-END SIMULATIONS; GREENHOUSE GASES; INFRARED-LASER; CO2; MICROWAVE; SATELLITE; ALGORITHM; MISSION AB The first ground-based experiment to prove the concept of a novel space-based observation technique for microwave and infrared-laser occultation between low-Earthorbit satellites was performed in the Canary Islands between La Palma and Tenerife. For two nights from 21 to 22 July 2011 the experiment delivered the infrared-laser differential transmission principle for the measurement of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the free atmosphere. Such global and long-term stable measurements of GHGs, accompanied also by measurements of thermodynamic parameters and line-of-sight wind in a self-calibrating way, have become very important for climate change monitoring. The experiment delivered promising initial data for demonstrating the new observation concept by retrieving volume mixing ratios of GHGs along a similar to 144 km signal path at altitudes of similar to 2.4 km. Here, we present a detailed analysis of the measurements, following a recent publication that introduced the experiment's technical setup and first results for an example retrieval of CO2. We present the observational and validation data sets, the latter simultaneously measured at the transmitter and receiver sites; the measurement data handling; and the differential transmission retrieval procedure. We also determine the individual and combined uncertainties influencing the results and present the retrieval results for (CO2)-C-12, (CO2)-C-13, (COO)-O-18, H2O and CH4. The new method is found to have a reliable basis for monitoring of greenhouse gases such as CO2, CH4, and H2O in the free atmosphere. C1 [Proschek, V.; Kirchengast, G.; Schweitzer, S.] Graz Univ, Wegener Ctr Climate & Global Change WEGC, Graz, Austria. [Proschek, V.; Kirchengast, G.; Schweitzer, S.] Graz Univ, Inst Geophys Astrophys & Meteorol, Inst Phys, Graz, Austria. [Schweitzer, S.] Joanneum Res Forschungsgesell mbH, Inst Surface Technol & Photon, Weiz, Austria. [Brooke, J. S. A.; Bernath, P. F.; Thomas, C. B.; Wang, J. -G.; Tereszchuk, K. A.; Abad, G. Gonzalez; Hargreaves, R. J.; Beale, C. A.; Harrison, J. J.] Univ York, Dept Chem, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Bernath, P. F.; Hargreaves, R. J.; Beale, C. A.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norfolk, VA USA. [Tereszchuk, K. A.] Environm Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Abad, G. Gonzalez] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Martin, P. A.; Kasyutich, V. L.] Univ Manchester, Sch Chem Engn & Analyt Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Kasyutich, V. L.] Servomex, Jarvis Brook, Crowborough, England. [Gerbig, C.; Kolle, O.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Biogeochem Syst Dept, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Loescher, A.] ESA ESTEC, Earth Observat Future Miss Div, Noordwijk, Netherlands. RP Proschek, V (reprint author), Graz Univ, Wegener Ctr Climate & Global Change WEGC, Graz, Austria. EM veronika.proschek@uni-graz.at RI Kirchengast, Gottfried/D-4990-2016; Bernath, Peter/B-6567-2012; Gerbig, Christoph/L-3532-2013; Harrison, Jeremy/L-1073-2016; OI Kirchengast, Gottfried/0000-0001-9187-937X; Bernath, Peter/0000-0002-1255-396X; Gerbig, Christoph/0000-0002-1112-8603; Harrison, Jeremy/0000-0001-5530-7104; Gonzalez Abad, Gonzalo/0000-0002-8090-6480 FU European Space Agency's Support to Science Element (STSE); Earth Observation Future Missions program; ESA; FFG-ALR (Austria) FX The July 2011 Canary Islands experiment, providing the basis for this study, was funded by the European Space Agency's Support to Science Element (STSE) and supported by the Earth Observation Future Missions program, including use of ESA's OGS facility. All contributors beyond the authors of this study are thanked for their support to this experiment, including the owners and operators of the Northern Optical Telescope (NOT) for allowing the use of their facilities. RFM and FASCODE were provided by A. Dudhia (Univ. of Oxford, UK) via http://www.atm.ox.ac.uk/RFM, HITRAN was provided by L. Rothman (Harvard Univ., USA) via http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/hitran, and atmospheric analysis fields were made accessible by the ECMWF (Reading, UK). Local meteorological data were obtained at the Tx site from the NOT weather station via http://www.not.iac.es/weather/ and at the Rx site from the Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) weather station via http://www.iac.es/weather/otdata/. This research, including development work on the simulation and data processing integrated within the xEGOPS/EGOPS system, was funded by ESA under the ACTLIMB, IRDAS, IRDAS-EXP, and AEXPWIND studies and partially by FFG-ALR (Austria) under the ACCU-Clouds study. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1867-1381 EI 1867-8548 J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH JI Atmos. Meas. Tech. PY 2015 VL 8 IS 8 BP 3315 EP 3336 DI 10.5194/amt-8-3315-2015 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CQ5MU UT WOS:000360649700018 ER PT J AU Kochanov, RV Gordon, IE Rothman, LS Sharpe, SW Johnson, TJ Sams, RL AF Kochanov, R. V. Gordon, I. E. Rothman, L. S. Sharpe, S. W. Johnson, T. J. Sams, R. L. TI Comment on "Radiative forcings for 28 potential Archean greenhouse gases" by Byrne and Goldblatt (2014) SO CLIMATE OF THE PAST LA English DT Editorial Material ID MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPIC DATABASE; DIODE-LASER MEASUREMENTS; SIDE-BAND SPECTROMETER; LINE POSITIONS; FOURIER-TRANSFORM; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; SPECTRAL REGION; NU(7) BAND; MU-M; INTENSITIES AB In the recent article by Byrne and Goldblatt, "Radiative forcing for 28 potential Archean greenhouse gases," Clim. Past. 10, 1779-1801 (2014), the authors employ the HITRAN2012 spectroscopic database to evaluate the radiative forcing of 28 Archean gases. As part of the evaluation of the status of the spectroscopy of these gases in the selected spectral region (50-1800 cm 1), the cross sections generated from the HITRAN line-by-line parameters were compared with those of the PNNL database of experimental cross sections recorded at moderate resolution. The authors claimed that for NO2, HNO3, H2CO, H2O2, HCOOH, C2H4, CH3OH and CH3Br there exist large or sometimes severe disagreements between the databases. In this work we show that for only three of these eight gases a modest discrepancy does exist between the two databases and we explain the origin of the differences. For the other five gases, the disagreements are not nearly at the scale suggested by the authors, while we explain some of the differences that do exist. In summary, the agreement between the HITRAN and PNNL databases is very good, although not perfect. Typically differences do not exceed 10 %, provided that HITRAN data exist for the bands/wavelengths of interest. It appears that a molecule-dependent combination of errors has affected the conclusions of the authors. In at least one case it appears that they did not take the correct file from PNNL (N2O4 (dimer) + NO2 was used in place of the monomer). Finally, cross sections of HO2 from HITRAN (which do not have a PNNL counterpart) were not calculated correctly in BG, while in the case of HF misleading discussion was presented there based on the confusion by foreign or noise features in the experimental PNNL spectra. C1 [Kochanov, R. V.; Gordon, I. E.; Rothman, L. S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kochanov, R. V.] Tomsk State Univ, Lab Quantum Mech Mol & Radiat Proc, Tomsk 634050, Russia. [Sharpe, S. W.; Johnson, T. J.; Sams, R. L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA. RP Gordon, IE (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM igordon@cfa.harvard.edu RI Kochanov, Roman/E-8679-2014; OI Kochanov, Roman/0000-0001-5165-5099; Rothman, Laurence/0000-0002-3837-4847; Gordon, Iouli/0000-0003-4763-2841 NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1814-9324 EI 1814-9332 J9 CLIM PAST JI Clim. Past. PY 2015 VL 11 IS 8 BP 1097 EP 1105 DI 10.5194/cp-11-1097-2015 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CQ5KO UT WOS:000360642800005 ER PT J AU Cairns, SD Wirshing, HH AF Cairns, Stephen D. Wirshing, Herman H. TI Phylogenetic reconstruction of scleraxonian octocorals supports the resurrection of the family Spongiodermidae (Cnidaria, Alcyonacea) SO INVERTEBRATE SYSTEMATICS LA English DT Article ID MIXED MODELS; MITOCHONDRIAL; ANTHOZOA; SEQUENCES; AFRICA; GENUS AB The Scleraxonia are a group of octocorals that share similarities of their axis morphology. However, molecular phylogenetic analyses have shown this group to be largely polyphyletic. As a result, there is a significant lack of understanding of what constitutes distinct evolutionary units among members of this group, particularly at the family level. Prompted by the discovery of an unknown spongiodermid scleraxonian octocoral (Anthothelidae) from shallow water off the Pacific coast of lower Baja California, a phylogenetic analysis of the undescribed specimen, together with members of six scleraxonian families and an additional 29 non-scleraxonian octocorallian families was performed. Two mitochondrial loci (mtMutS and COI) and one nuclear locus (28S) supported a monophyletic spongiodermid clade (Homophyton, Callipodium, Diodogorgia, Titanideum and Sclerophyton, gen. nov.) at the family-level. The unknown scleraxonian was supported as a new genus and species within the spongiodermid clade, sister to the western Atlantic genus Titanideum. A morphological examination of the taxa within this clade revealed shared morphological similarities in solenial (boundary) canals, and medullar and cortical sclerites. A revision, with illustrations, of the Spongiodermidae was performed. Similar to previous studies, this study underscores the importance of combined morphological and molecular analyses in order to resolve unstable systematic relationships among octocorals. C1 [Cairns, Stephen D.; Wirshing, Herman H.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Cairns, SD (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,MRC 163, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM cairnss@si.edu NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-5226 EI 1447-2600 J9 INVERTEBR SYST JI Invertebr. Syst. PY 2015 VL 29 IS 4 BP 345 EP 368 DI 10.1071/IS14063 PG 24 WC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology SC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology GA CQ2ER UT WOS:000360412700002 ER PT J AU Hernandez-Kantun, JJ Robinson, N Pena, V Gabrielson, P Riosmena-Rodriguez, R Le Gall, L Rindi, F Adey, WH AF Hernandez-Kantun, Jazmin J. Robinson, Nestor Pena, Viviana Gabrielson, Paul Riosmena-Rodriguez, Rafael Le Gall, Line Rindi, Fabio Adey, Walter H. TI LITHOPHYLLUM CONGESTUM (CORALLINALES, RHODOPHYTA) WHAT ARE YOU AND WHAT AREN'T YOU? RECEIVING SOME INNER SIGNALS FROM DNA AND MORPHO-ANATOMY TO CLARIFY OUR UNDERSTANDING ON THE SPECIES SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hernandez-Kantun, Jazmin J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Robinson, Nestor; Riosmena-Rodriguez, Rafael] Univ Autonoma Baja California Sur, Biol Marina, La Paz 23080, Bcs, Mexico. [Pena, Viviana] Univ A Coruna, Dept Bioloxia Anim Bioloxia Vexetal & Ecoloxia, La Coruna 15001, Spain. [Gabrielson, Paul] Univ N Carolina, Univ North Carolina Herbarium, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Le Gall, Line] Museum Natl Hist Nat, Inst Systemat, Evolut, Biodivers, F-75005 Paris, France. [Rindi, Fabio] Univ Politecn Marche UNIVPM, Dipartimento Sci Vita & Ambiente, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. [Adey, Walter H.] Smithsonian Inst, Bot, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM jaz1083@gmail.com; robinson.biol@gmail.com; vpena@udc.es; drseaweed@hotmail.com; riosmena@uabcs.mx; linelegall@gmail.com; f.rindi@univpm.it; adeyw@si.edu RI Le Gall, Line/E-1884-2014 OI Le Gall, Line/0000-0001-7807-4569 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0967-0262 EI 1469-4433 J9 EUR J PHYCOL JI Eur. J. Phycol. PY 2015 VL 50 SU 1 MA 1OR.11 BP 28 EP 28 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CP9VX UT WOS:000360244400021 ER PT J AU Pezzolesi, L Russo, C Hernandez-Kantun, JJ Falace, A Kaleb, S Pena, V Le Gall, L Cerrano, C Rindi, F AF Pezzolesi, Laura Russo, Christian Hernandez-Kantun, Jazmin J. Falace, Annalisa Kaleb, Sara Pena, Viviana Le Gall, Line Cerrano, Carlo Rindi, Fabio TI OLD AND NEW PROBLEMS IN THE CIRCUMSCRIPTION OF MEDITERRANEAN SPECIES OF LITHOPHYLLUM (CORALLINALES, RHODOPHYTA) SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pezzolesi, Laura] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Sci Biol Geol & Ambientali, I-48123 Ravenna, Italy. [Russo, Christian; Cerrano, Carlo; Rindi, Fabio] Univ Politecn Marche, Dipartimento Sci Vita & Ambiente, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. [Hernandez-Kantun, Jazmin J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Falace, Annalisa; Kaleb, Sara] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Sci Vita, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Pena, Viviana] Univ A Coruna, Fac Ciencias, La Coruna 15071, Spain. [Le Gall, Line] Museum Natl Hist Nat, Equipe Explorat Especes & Evolut, F-75005 Paris, France. EM laura.pezzolesi@unibo.it; c.russo@pm.univpm.it; jaz1083@gmail.com; falace@units.it; skaleb@units.it; vpena@udc.es; linelegall@gmail.com; c.cerra-no@univpm.it; f.rindi@univpm.it RI Kaleb, Sara/O-9409-2015; FALACE, Annalisa/O-9473-2015; Le Gall, Line/E-1884-2014 OI Kaleb, Sara/0000-0002-8584-7280; FALACE, Annalisa/0000-0002-9671-5283; Le Gall, Line/0000-0001-7807-4569 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0967-0262 EI 1469-4433 J9 EUR J PHYCOL JI Eur. J. Phycol. PY 2015 VL 50 SU 1 MA 1OR.18 BP 31 EP 31 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CP9VX UT WOS:000360244400028 ER PT J AU Kilic, M Hermes, JJ Gianninas, A Brown, WR AF Kilic, Mukremin Hermes, J. J. Gianninas, A. Brown, Warren R. TI PSR J1738+0333: the first millisecond pulsar plus pulsating white dwarf binary SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE binaries: close; stars: neutron; pulsars: individual: PSR J1738+0333; pulsars: individual: PSR J1909-3744; white dwarfs ID EXTREMELY LOW-MASS; ECLIPSING BINARY; NLTT 11748; STARS; COMPANION; HELIUM; J1012+5307; EVOLUTIONARY; DISCOVERY AB We report the discovery of the first millisecond pulsar with a pulsating white dwarf (WD) companion. Following the recent discoveries of pulsations in extremely low-mass (ELM, <= 0.3 M-circle dot) WDs, we targeted ELM WD companions to two millisecond pulsars with highspeed Gemini photometry. We find significant optical variability in PSR J1738+0333 with periods between roughly 1790-3060 s, consistent in time-scale with theoretical and empirical observations of pulsations in approximate to 0.17 M-circle dot He-core ELM WDs. We additionally put stringent limits on a lack of variability in PSR J1909-3744, showing this ELM WD is not variable to <0.1 per cent amplitude. Thanks to the accurate distance and radius estimates from radio timing measurements, PSR J1738+0333 becomes a benchmark for low-mass, pulsatingWDs. Future, more extensive time series photometry of this system offers an unprecedented opportunity to constrain the physical parameters (including the cooling age) and interior structure of this ELM WD, and in turn, the mass and spin-down age of its pulsar companion. C1 [Kilic, Mukremin; Gianninas, A.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Hermes, J. J.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Brown, Warren R.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Kilic, M (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Phys & Astron, 440 W Brooks St, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM kilic@ou.edu RI Alexandros, Gianninas/B-8352-2016 OI Alexandros, Gianninas/0000-0002-8655-4308 FU NSF [AST-1312678]; NASA [NNX14AF65G]; European Research Council under the European Union [320964] FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the NSF and NASA under grants AST-1312678 and NNX14AF65G, respectively. JJH acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement no. 320964 (WDTracer). NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 446 IS 1 BP L26 EP L30 DI 10.1093/mnrasl/slu152 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CQ4CG UT WOS:000360551200006 ER PT J AU Werding, B Hiller, A AF Werding, Bernd Hiller, Alexandra TI Description of a new species of Petrolisthes in the Indo-West Pacific with a redefinition of P. hastatus Stimpson, 1858 and resurrection of P. inermis (Heller, 1862) (Crustacea, Anomura, Porcellanidae) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Crustacea; Decapoda; Porcellanidae; new species; Indo-West Pacific AB The porcellanid crab Petrolisthes hastatus Stimpson, 1858, has been traditionally viewed as a highly variable species with a wide distribution in the West Pacific. For more than a century there has been taxonomic confusion of this species with morphologically similar taxa, some of which were synonymized with Stimpson's taxon. We redefine P. hastatus, resurrect P. inermis as a valid species, discuss the status of P. tenkatei De Man, 1893, and describe a new species as P. elegantissimus from Indonesia. C1 [Werding, Bernd; Hiller, Alexandra] Univ Giessen, Inst Tierokol & Spezielle Zool, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Hiller, Alexandra] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Hiller, A (reprint author), Univ Giessen, Inst Tierokol & Spezielle Zool, Heinrich Buff Ring 29,Tierhaus, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. EM hillera@si.edu FU Smithsonian-Senacyt grant [COL09-009] FX We thank the following colleagues for their help in providing material: CHJM Fransen and Karen van Dorp (NBC, Leiden), L. Corbari and A. Sato-Krygelmans (MNHN, Paris) and P. Dworschak (MHN, Vienna). Rafael Lemaitre (Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History) kindly provided information of the inexistence of P. hastatus type material. This study was financed by a Smithsonian-Senacyt grant to A.H. (COL09-009). Comments by the editor and two reviewers helped improve this manuscript. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 516 BP 95 EP 108 DI 10.3897/zookeys.516.9923 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CQ2QE UT WOS:000360445300007 PM 26312022 ER PT J AU Shell-Gellasch, A AF Shell-Gellasch, Amy TI The Schilling Kinematic Models at the Smithsonian SO JOURNAL OF HUMANISTIC MATHEMATICS LA English DT Article AB The kinematic models manufactured by the German firm of Martin Schilling were used in the late 19th and early 20th centuries to depict mathematical curves. The Smithsonian Institution owns twelve Schilling models. As a volunteer researcher in mathematics at the Smithsonian National Museum of American History, the author has chosen a few of her favorite models as an introduction to this interesting set of kinematic models. C1 [Shell-Gellasch, Amy] Montgomery Coll, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Shell-Gellasch, Amy] Smithsonian Natl Museum Amer Hist, Washington, DC 20001 USA. RP Shell-Gellasch, A (reprint author), Montgomery Coll, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM amy.shell-gellasch@montgomerycollege.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CLAREMONT CENTER MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES PI CLAREMONT PA 610 N COLLEGE AVE, 228C, CLAREMONT, CA 91711 USA SN 2159-8118 J9 J HUMANIST MATH JI J. Humanist. Math. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 5 IS 1 BP 167 EP 179 DI 10.5642/jhummath.201501.09 PG 13 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA CP8LW UT WOS:000360146300008 ER PT S AU Brown, WR AF Brown, Warren R. BE Faber, SM VanDishoeck, E TI Hypervelocity Stars SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS, VOL 53 SE Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE black holes; binary stars; stellar kinematics; stellar dynamics; Galactic Center; Galactic halo ID MASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; HORIZONTAL-BRANCH STARS; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; DYNAMICALLY EJECTED RUNAWAY; SAGITTARIUS-A-ASTERISK; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; GALACTIC ESCAPE SPEED; HIGH-VELOCITY STARS; CENTER S-STARS AB Hypervelocity stars (HVSs) travel with such extreme velocities that dynamical ejection via gravitational interaction with a massive black hole (MBH) is their most likely origin. Observers have discovered dozens of unbound main-sequence stars since the first in 2005, and the velocities, stellar nature, spatial distribution, and overall numbers of unbound B stars in the Milky Way halo all fit an MBH origin. Theorists have proposed various mechanisms for ejecting unbound stars, and these mechanisms can be tested with larger and more complete samples. HVSs' properties are linked to the nature and environment of the Milky Way's MBH, and, with future proper motion measurements, their trajectories may provide unique probes of the dark matter halo that surrounds the Milky Way. C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Brown, WR (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM wbrown@cfa.harvard.edu NR 205 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 9 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0066-4146 BN 978-0-8243-0953-4 J9 ANNU REV ASTRON ASTR JI Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. PY 2015 VL 53 BP 15 EP 49 DI 10.1146/annurev-astro-082214-122230 PG 35 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BD3LH UT WOS:000359857000002 ER PT S AU Heyer, M Dame, TM AF Heyer, Mark Dame, T. M. BE Faber, SM VanDishoeck, E TI Molecular Clouds in the Milky Way SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS, VOL 53 SE Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE Galaxy: disk, structure; ISM: clouds, kinematics and dynamics, molecules; radio lines: ISM ID STAR-FORMING REGIONS; GALACTIC PLANE SURVEY; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; CO J=2-1 SURVEY; DENSE INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; PHOTON-DOMINATED REGIONS; LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD AB In the past twenty years, the reconnaissance of (CO)-C-12 and (CO)-C-13 emission in the Milky Way by single-dish millimeter-wave telescopes has expanded our view and understanding of interstellar molecular gas. We enumerate the major surveys of CO emission along the Galactic plane and summarize the various approaches that leverage these data to determine the large-scale distribution of molecular gas: its radial and vertical distributions, its concentration into clouds, and its relationship to spiral structure. The integrated properties of molecular clouds are compiled from catalogs derived from the CO surveys using uniform assumptions regarding the Galactic rotation curve, solar radius, and the CO-to-H-2 conversion factor. We discuss the radial variations of cloud surface brightness, the distributions of cloud mass and size, and scaling relations between velocity dispersion, cloud size, and surface density that affirm that the larger clouds are gravitationally bound. Measures of density structure and gas kinematics within nearby, well-resolved clouds are examined and attributed to the effects of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. We review the arguments for short, intermediate, and long molecular lifetimes based on the observational record. The review concludes with questions that shall require further observational attention. C1 [Heyer, Mark] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Dame, T. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Heyer, M (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM heyer@astro.umass.edu; tdame@cfa.harvard.edu NR 332 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 11 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0066-4146 BN 978-0-8243-0953-4 J9 ANNU REV ASTRON ASTR JI Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. PY 2015 VL 53 BP 583 EP 629 DI 10.1146/annurev-astro-082214-122324 PG 47 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BD3LH UT WOS:000359857000015 ER PT J AU Myra, CH Rogge, JR Thomas, K Mccoy, MW Warkentin, KM AF Hughey, Myra C. Rogge, Jessica R. Thomas, Kristen Mccoy, Michael W. Warkentin, Karen M. TI Escape-hatching responses of individual treefrog embryos vary with threat level in wasp attacks: a mechanistic analysis SO BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article DE threat-sensitivity hypothesis; risk-sensitive; escape hatching; phenotypic plasticity; Agalychnis callidryas; Polybia rejecta ID RED-EYED TREEFROG; PREDATION RISK; INDUCED DEFENSE; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; AGALYCHNIS-CALLIDRYAS; ADAPTIVE PLASTICITY; LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; DOSAGE RESPONSE; LIFE-HISTORY; CUE AGE AB Theory predicts that prey behavioural responses should reflect the level of risk posed by predators. We investigated how red-eyed treefrog embryos perceive and respond to spatially variable risk during wasp attacks on their clutches. First, we spatially restricted wasp activity on clutches and compared hatching of wasp-exposed, adjacent, and protected embryos. Hatching occurred in all zones but increased with exposure, being highest in directly exposed embryos. Second, we video-taped wasps attacking clutches and compared the experiences of embryos that hatched first and those that did not hatch until later. Embryos that hatched first experienced more predatory wasp activity directed at themselves or at siblings within a 2-egg radius. Models predicting hatching indicate that cues used to assess risk originate from the behaviour of wasps, rather than other embryos. This research demonstrates that embryos can integrate information about predator behaviour and proximity to respond appropriately based on their level of risk. C1 [Hughey, Myra C.; Rogge, Jessica R.; Thomas, Kristen; Mccoy, Michael W.; Warkentin, Karen M.] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Warkentin, Karen M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Myra, CH (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM myrahughey@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation [IBN-0234439]; Boston University; STRI FX We thank the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) for logistical support; M. Caldwell and A. Trillo, C. Ziegler, J. Touchton, R. Stallard and M. Stallard for welcoming wasp feeding stations in their yards; J. Touchon and Michael Caldwell for comments on the manuscript; and W. Wcislo for use of his video viewing equipment. This research was conducted under permits from the Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente of Panama (SE/A-50-04, SE/A-49-05), approved by STRI and by the Boston University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (02-013 and 05-022) and funded by the National Science Foundation (IBN-0234439), Boston University and STRI. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 9 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-7959 EI 1568-539X J9 BEHAVIOUR JI Behaviour PY 2015 VL 152 IS 11 BP 1543 EP + DI 10.1163/1568539X-00003291 PG 33 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA CP6JX UT WOS:000359994100006 ER PT B AU Schnitzer, SA Putz, FE Bongers, F Kroening, K AF Schnitzer, Stefan A. Putz, Francis E. Bongers, Frans Kroening, Kristina BE Schnitzer, SA Bongers, F Burnham, RJ Putz, FE TI THE PAST, PRESENT, AND POTENTIAL FUTURE OF LIANA ECOLOGY SO ECOLOGY OF LIANAS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BARRO-COLORADO ISLAND; BELOW-GROUND COMPETITION; TROPICAL FOREST; NEOTROPICAL FOREST; TREE REGENERATION; LOWLAND FOREST; GROWTH; BIOMASS; ABUNDANCE; IMPACT C1 [Schnitzer, Stefan A.; Kroening, Kristina] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Schnitzer, Stefan A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Putz, Francis E.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Bongers, Frans] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Ctr Ecosyst Studies, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Schnitzer, SA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. EM S1@uwm.edu; fep@ufl.edu; Frans.Bongers@wur.nl NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-39240-9; 978-1-118-39249-2 PY 2015 BP 3 EP 10 D2 10.1002/9781118392409 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD3JS UT WOS:000359791600003 ER PT B AU Hubbell, S AF Hubbell, Steve BE Schnitzer, SA Bongers, F Burnham, RJ Putz, FE TI ECOLOGY OF LIANAS FOREWORD SO ECOLOGY OF LIANAS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Hubbell, Steve] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Hubbell, Steve] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Hubbell, S (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 2072, Balboa, Panama. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-39240-9; 978-1-118-39249-2 PY 2015 BP XIII EP XIV D2 10.1002/9781118392409 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD3JS UT WOS:000359791600001 ER PT B AU Thomas, D Burnham, RJ Chuyong, G Kenfack, D Sainge, MN AF Thomas, Duncan Burnham, Robyn J. Chuyong, George Kenfack, David Sainge, Moses Nsanyi BE Schnitzer, SA Bongers, F Burnham, RJ Putz, FE TI LIANA ABUNDANCE AND DIVERSITY IN CAMEROON'S KORUP NATIONAL PARK SO ECOLOGY OF LIANAS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FOREST; PHOSPHORUS; TREES C1 [Thomas, Duncan] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA. [Burnham, Robyn J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Chuyong, George] Univ Buea, Dept Bot & Plant Physiol, Buea, Cameroon. [Kenfack, David] Smithsonian Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst Global Earth Observ, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Washington, DC USA. [Sainge, Moses Nsanyi] Trop Plant Explorat Grp, Mundemba, Southwest Regio, Cameroon. RP Thomas, D (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA. EM duncanwt@gmail.com; rburnham@umich.edu NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-39240-9; 978-1-118-39249-2 PY 2015 BP 13 EP 22 D2 10.1002/9781118392409 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD3JS UT WOS:000359791600004 ER PT B AU Schnitzer, S Bongers, F Burnham, R Putz, F AF Schnitzer, Stefan Bongers, Frans Burnham, Robyn Putz, Francis BE Schnitzer, SA Bongers, F Burnham, RJ Putz, FE TI ECOLOGY OF LIANAS PREFACE SO ECOLOGY OF LIANAS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Schnitzer, Stefan] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Schnitzer, Stefan] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Bongers, Frans] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Ctr Ecosyst Studies, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Burnham, Robyn] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Putz, Francis] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Schnitzer, S (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. EM S1@uwm.edu; Frans.Bongers@wur.nl; rburnham@umich.edu; fep@ufl.edu OI Schnitzer, Stefan/0000-0002-2715-9455 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-39240-9; 978-1-118-39249-2 PY 2015 BP XV EP XVI D2 10.1002/9781118392409 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD3JS UT WOS:000359791600002 ER PT B AU Schnitzer, SA Mangan, SA Hubbell, SP AF Schnitzer, Stefan A. Mangan, Scott A. Hubbell, Stephen P. BE Schnitzer, SA Bongers, F Burnham, RJ Putz, FE TI THE LIANAS OF BARRO COLORADO ISLAND, PANAMA SO ECOLOGY OF LIANAS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TROPICAL FOREST; HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS; NEOTROPICAL FOREST; TREE REGENERATION; LOWLAND FOREST; RAIN-FOREST; GAPS; DIVERSITY; ABUNDANCE; BIOMASS C1 [Schnitzer, Stefan A.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Schnitzer, Stefan A.; Mangan, Scott A.; Hubbell, Stephen P.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Mangan, Scott A.] Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, St Louis, MO USA. [Hubbell, Stephen P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Schnitzer, SA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. EM S1@uwm.edu OI Schnitzer, Stefan/0000-0002-2715-9455 NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-39240-9; 978-1-118-39249-2 PY 2015 BP 76 EP 90 D2 10.1002/9781118392409 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD3JS UT WOS:000359791600009 ER PT B AU DeWalt, SJ Schnitzer, SA Alves, LF Bongers, F Burnham, RJ Cai, ZQ Carson, WP Chave, J Chuyong, GB Costa, FRC Ewango, CEN Gallagher, RV Gerwing, JJ Amezcua, EG Hart, T Ibarra-Manriquez, G Ickes, K Kenfack, D Letcher, SG Macia, MJ Makana, JR Malizia, A Martinez-Ramos, M Mascaro, J Muthumperumal, C Muthuramkumar, S Nogueira, A Parren, MPE Parthasarathy, N Perez-Salicrup, DR Putz, FE Romero-Saltos, HG Reddy, MS Sainge, MN Thomas, D van Melis, J AF DeWalt, Saara J. Schnitzer, Stefan A. Alves, Luciana F. Bongers, Frans Burnham, Robyn J. Cai, Zhiquan Carson, Walter P. Chave, Jerome Chuyong, George B. Costa, Flavia R. C. Ewango, Corneille E. N. Gallagher, Rachael V. Gerwing, Jeffrey J. Gortaire Amezcua, Esteban Hart, Terese Ibarra-Manriquez, Guillermo Ickes, Kalan Kenfack, David Letcher, Susan G. Macia, Manuel J. Makana, Jean-Remy Malizia, Agustina Martinez-Ramos, Miguel Mascaro, Joseph Muthumperumal, Chellam Muthuramkumar, S. Nogueira, Anselmo Parren, Marc P. E. Parthasarathy, Narayanaswamy Perez-Salicrup, Diego R. Putz, Francis E. Romero-Saltos, Hugo G. Reddy, M. Sridhar Sainge, Moses Nsanyi Thomas, Duncan van Melis, Juliano BE Schnitzer, SA Bongers, F Burnham, RJ Putz, FE TI BIOGEOGRAPHICAL PATTERNS OF LIANA ABUNDANCE AND DIVERSITY SO ECOLOGY OF LIANAS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DRY EVERGREEN FORESTS; LOWLAND RAIN-FOREST; FLORISTIC COMPOSITION; SPECIES RICHNESS; TROPICAL FOREST; HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS; NEOTROPICAL FORESTS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; NATIONAL-PARK; TREES C1 [DeWalt, Saara J.; Ickes, Kalan] Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Schnitzer, Stefan A.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Schnitzer, Stefan A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Alves, Luciana F.] IAC, Dept Bot, Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Bongers, Frans] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Ctr Ecosyst Studies, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Ewango, Corneille E. N.] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Burnham, Robyn J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Cai, Zhiquan] Chinese Acad Sci, Trop Bot Garden, Mengla 666303, Peoples R China. [Carson, Walter P.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Chave, Jerome] CNRS, Lab Evolut & Diversite Biol, Toulouse, France. [Chave, Jerome] Univ Toulouse 3, F-31062 Toulouse, France. [Chuyong, George B.] Univ Buea, Dept Bot & Plant Physiol, Buea, Cameroon. [Costa, Flavia R. C.] INPA, Coordenacao Pesquisas Ecol, BR-69011970 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Ewango, Corneille E. N.] Wildlife Conservat Soc WCS DR Congo, Kinshasa, Congo. [Ewango, Corneille E. N.] Ctr Format & Rech Conservat Forestiere CEFRECOF, Reserve Faune Okapis, Kinshasa, Congo. [Gallagher, Rachael V.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Gerwing, Jeffrey J.] Portland State Univ, Univ Studies, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Hart, Terese; Makana, Jean-Remy] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Kinshasa Gombe, Congo. [Ibarra-Manriquez, Guillermo; Martinez-Ramos, Miguel; Perez-Salicrup, Diego R.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Kenfack, David] Smithsonian Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst Global Earth Observ, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Washington, DC USA. [Letcher, Susan G.] SUNY Coll Purchase, Dept Environm Studies, Purchase, NY 10577 USA. [Macia, Manuel J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain. [Malizia, Agustina] Natl Univ Tucuman, IER, San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina. [Mascaro, Joseph] Amer Assoc Advancement Sci, New York, NY USA. [Muthumperumal, Chellam] Madurai Kamaraj Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Sch Biol Sci, Madurai 625021, Tamil Nadu, India. [Muthuramkumar, S.] VHNSN Coll, Dept Bot, Virudunagar 626001, Tamil Nadu, India. [Nogueira, Anselmo] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Bot, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Parren, Marc P. E.] Tropenbos Int Congo Basin Programme, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Parthasarathy, Narayanaswamy] Pondicherry Univ, Dept Ecol & Environm Sci, Pondicherry 605014, India. [Putz, Francis E.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Romero-Saltos, Hugo G.] Yachay Tech Univ, Liudad Conocimiento, Urcuqui, Ecuador. [Reddy, M. Sridhar] Yogi Vemana Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Kadapa 516003, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Sainge, Moses Nsanyi] Trop Plant Explorat Grp, Mundemba, Southwest Regio, Cameroon. [Thomas, Duncan] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Vancouver, WA USA. [van Melis, Juliano] Univ Estadual Campinas, Dept Biol Vegetal, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP DeWalt, SJ (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM saarad@CLEMSON.EDU; S1@uwm.edu; Frans.Bongers@wur.nl; rburnham@umich.edu; flaviacosta001@gmail.com; rachael.gallagher@mq.edu.au; egortaire@yahoo.com; susan.letcher@purchase.edu; S1@uwm.edu; anselmoeco@yahoo.com.br; parthapu@yahoo.com; fep@ufl.edu; hromero@yachaytech.edu.ec; duncanwt@gmail.com RI van Melis, Juliano/K-6144-2012; OI van Melis, Juliano/0000-0002-2911-3733; Schnitzer, Stefan/0000-0002-2715-9455 NR 58 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-39240-9; 978-1-118-39249-2 PY 2015 BP 131 EP 146 D2 10.1002/9781118392409 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD3JS UT WOS:000359791600013 ER PT B AU van der Heijden, GMF Phillips, OL Schnitzer, SA AF van der Heijden, Geertje M. F. Phillips, Oliver L. Schnitzer, Stefan A. BE Schnitzer, SA Bongers, F Burnham, RJ Putz, FE TI IMPACTS OF LIANAS ON FOREST-LEVEL CARBON STORAGE AND SEQUESTRATION SO ECOLOGY OF LIANAS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BELOW-GROUND COMPETITION; HOST LIQUIDAMBAR-STYRACIFLUA; BARRO-COLORADO ISLAND; TROPICAL FOREST; TREE GROWTH; AMAZONIAN FORESTS; RAIN-FOREST; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; VINE COMPETITION; SEED PRODUCTION C1 [van der Heijden, Geertje M. F.; Schnitzer, Stefan A.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [van der Heijden, Geertje M. F.; Schnitzer, Stefan A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Phillips, Oliver L.] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. RP van der Heijden, GMF (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. EM g.m.f.vanderheijden@googlemail.com; S1@uwm.edu RI Phillips, Oliver/A-1523-2011; OI Phillips, Oliver/0000-0002-8993-6168; Schnitzer, Stefan/0000-0002-2715-9455 NR 70 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-39240-9; 978-1-118-39249-2 PY 2015 BP 164 EP 174 D2 10.1002/9781118392409 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD3JS UT WOS:000359791600015 ER PT B AU Santiago, LS Pasquini, SC De Guzman, ME AF Santiago, Louis S. Pasquini, Sarah C. De Guzman, Mark E. BE Schnitzer, SA Bongers, F Burnham, RJ Putz, FE TI PHYSIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE LIANA GROWTH FORM SO ECOLOGY OF LIANAS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DRY TROPICAL FOREST; HYDRAULIC ARCHITECTURE; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; SECONDARY FOREST; EASTERN AMAZONIA; CANOPY TREES; WOODY-PLANTS; WATER-UPTAKE; RAIN-FOREST; SOIL-WATER C1 [Santiago, Louis S.; Pasquini, Sarah C.; De Guzman, Mark E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Santiago, Louis S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Santiago, LS (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, 2150 Batchelor Hall, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM santiago@ucr.edu RI Santiago, Louis/E-3185-2016 OI Santiago, Louis/0000-0001-5994-6122 NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-39240-9; 978-1-118-39249-2 PY 2015 BP 288 EP 298 D2 10.1002/9781118392409 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD3JS UT WOS:000359791600022 ER PT B AU Schnitzer, SA AF Schnitzer, Stefan A. BE Schnitzer, SA Bongers, F Burnham, RJ Putz, FE TI INCREASING LIANA ABUNDANCE IN NEOTROPICAL FORESTS: CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES SO ECOLOGY OF LIANAS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BARRO-COLORADO ISLAND; IVY TOXICODENDRON RADICANS; ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; LONG-TERM CHANGE; TROPICAL FOREST; RAIN-FOREST; TOXICITY RESPONSES; TEMPERATE FORESTS; TREE REGENERATION; LOWLAND FOREST C1 [Schnitzer, Stefan A.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Schnitzer, Stefan A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Schnitzer, SA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. EM S1@uwm.edu OI Schnitzer, Stefan/0000-0002-2715-9455 NR 77 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-39240-9; 978-1-118-39249-2 PY 2015 BP 451 EP 464 D2 10.1002/9781118392409 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BD3JS UT WOS:000359791600032 ER PT J AU Avila, SP Cordeiro, R Rodrigues, AR Rebelo, AC Melo, C Madeira, P Pyenson, ND AF Avila, Sergio P. Cordeiro, Ricardo Rodrigues, Ana R. Rebelo, Ana C. Melo, Carlos Madeira, Patricia Pyenson, Nicholas D. TI Fossil Mysticeti from the Pleistocene of Santa Maria Island, Azores (Northeast Atlantic Ocean), and the prevalence of fossil cetaceans on oceanic islands SO PALAEONTOLOGIA ELECTRONICA LA English DT Article DE Fossil Mysticeti; Pleistocene; MIS 5e; oceanic islands; Azores; NE Atlantic ID NE ATLANTIC; INSULAR SHELVES; EARLY PLIOCENE; WHALE; PALEOECOLOGY; MIOCENE; BALEEN; PALEOBIOGEOGRAPHY; SYSTEMATICS; INSIGHTS AB Fossil remains of Cetacea are known globally from nearshore marine sediments along continental coastlines, but they are poorly known from volcanic oceanic island archipelagos. Here we report Pleistocene fossil cetacean material from late Neogene and Quaternary age outcrops on the Santa Maria Island of the Azores island archipelago in the North Atlantic Ocean. These remains consist of an isolated and highly worn fragment from the mandible of a medium-to large-sized baleen-bearing mysticete (i.e., Chaeomysticeti), which was exposed at the marine isotope stage 5 (sub-stage MIS 5e) level at Praia do Calhau, after Hurricane Gordon hit Santa Maria Island in August 2012. While this occurrence represents only the second description of Pleistocene cetaceans from volcanic oceanic islands, we predict that fossil cetaceans are likely underreported from oceanic islands, given their extant abundance and richness near oceanic island archipelagos today, whose geomorphology and oceanography provide important settings for the migration and life history patterns of living cetaceans. C1 [Avila, Sergio P.; Cordeiro, Ricardo; Rebelo, Ana C.; Madeira, Patricia] Univ Acores, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, Lab Associado, CIBIO,InBIO,Polo Acores,Dept Biol, P-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Acores, Portugal. [Avila, Sergio P.; Cordeiro, Ricardo; Rebelo, Ana C.; Melo, Carlos; Madeira, Patricia] Univ Azores, MPB Marine PalaeoBiogeog Grp, Ponta Delgada, Portugal. [Avila, Sergio P.] Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. [Rodrigues, Ana R.] Univ Acores, Dept Biol, P-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Acores, Portugal. [Rebelo, Ana C.] SMNS, D-70191 Stuttgart, Germany. [Melo, Carlos] Univ Acores, Dept Geociencias, P-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Acores, Portugal. [Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, NHB,MRC 121, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Avila, SP (reprint author), Univ Acores, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, Lab Associado, CIBIO,InBIO,Polo Acores,Dept Biol, Campus Ponta Delgada,Apartado 1422, P-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Acores, Portugal. EM avila@uac.pt; rjpcordeiro@gmail.com; arprodrigues.17@gmail.com; acfurtadorebelo@gmail.com; casm.azores@gmail.com; tamissa@hotmail.com; PyensonN@si.edu RI Avila, Sergio/B-5311-2014; Melo, Carlos/D-1373-2016 OI Avila, Sergio/0000-0003-4317-3051; Melo, Carlos/0000-0001-7825-3858 FU Direccao Regional da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Comunicaoes (Regional Government of the Azores); Clube Naval de Santa Maria and Camara Municipal de Vila do Porto for field assistance; FCT, Portugal [SFRH/BD/60366/2009, SFRH/BD/77310/2011, SFRH/BD/61146/2009]; FCT; SYNTHESYS grant [DE-TAF-1071]; Smithsonian Institution; Remington Kellogg Fund FX We thank the Direccao Regional da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Comunicaoes (Regional Government of the Azores) for financial support and the Clube Naval de Santa Maria and Camara Municipal de Vila do Porto for field assistance. We are grateful to the organizers and participants of several editions of the International Workshop "Palaeontology in Atlantic Islands" who helped in fieldwork (2005-2014). R. Cordeiro, A.C. Rebelo, and P. Madeira benefited, respectively, from grants SFRH/BD/60366/2009, SFRH/BD/77310/2011, and SFRH/BD/61146/2009 by FCT, Portugal. S.P. Avila acknowledges his Ciencia 2008 research contract funded by FCT. S.P. Avila also acknowledges a SYNTHESYS grant (DE-TAF-1071) to study the palaeontological collections of the Museum fur Naturkunde, Berlin. N.D. Pyenson is supported by the Smithsonian Institution and its Remington Kellogg Fund. NR 85 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU COQUINA PRESS PI AMHERST PA C/O WHITEY HAGADORN, EXECUTIVE EDITOR, AMHERST COLLEGE, DEPT GEOLOGY, AMHERST, MA 01002 USA SN 1935-3952 EI 1094-8074 J9 PALAEONTOL ELECTRON JI Palaeontol. electron. PY 2015 VL 18 IS 2 PG 12 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA CO9FQ UT WOS:000359479500022 ER PT J AU Cadena, EA Jaramillo, CA AF Cadena, Edwin A. Jaramillo, Carlos A. TI The first fossil skull of Chelus (Pleurodira: Chelidae, Matamata turtle) from the early Miocene of Colombia SO PALAEONTOLOGIA ELECTRONICA LA English DT Article DE Chelidae; Testudines; Colombia; South America; La Guajira AB Here we describe the first fossil skull so far known for the turtle genus Chelus from the early Miocene (similar to 16 m.y.), Castilletes Formation, Alta Guajira Peninsula, Cocinetas basin, Colombia. The skull is partially preserved, including most of the basicranium (pteygoid-bassioccipital bones) and the roof elements including the parietal, pterygoid and portions of the squamosal, supraoccipital and the most dorsal quadrate. The skull is preserved in three dimensions, without evidence of crushing, allowing the observation of the internal braincase morphology using microcomputer tomography. Comparisons with the skull of the only extant species for the genus Chelus fimbriata (Matamata turtle) allow us to conclude that for the last 16 million years the morphology of the skull for this genus has remained almost unvarying, with only a slightly higher compression of the most anterior braincase exhibited by the extant species. Due to its fragmentary condition, a more refined identification beyond the genus (Chelus sp.) is not possible; however, the overall skull design indicates that the fossil species could also have had the same ecological and dietary adaptations as its extant relative. C1 [Cadena, Edwin A.; Jaramillo, Carlos A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Paleoecol & Archaeol, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Cadena, Edwin A.] Senckenberg Museum, Dept Paleoanthropol & Messel Res, D-603025 Frankfurt, Germany. RP Cadena, EA (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Paleoecol & Archaeol, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM cadenachelys@gmail.com; jaramilloc@si.edu FU Smithsonian Institution; National Geographic Society; Anders Family; Universidad del Norte; University of Zurich; Alexander Von Humboldt Foundation FX Funding for this work was provided by Smithsonian Institution, National Geographic Society, Anders Family, Universidad del Norte, University of Zurich, and Alexander Von Humboldt Foundation. We thank to all participants of the Castilletes project for your help during fieldwork: A. Hendy, R. Sanchez, F. Moreno, C. Martinez, C. Vallejo, G. Ballen, J. Moreno, C. Suarez, J. Carrillo, J. D. Carrillo, N. Perez, C. Montes, K. Jimenez, J. Luque, A. Cardenas, J. Escobar, N. Hoyos, D. Delgado, M. Sanchez-Villagra. Thanks to K. Smith and P. Hornberger for helping in the acquisition and processing of the micro CT data. Thanks to two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions to improve this manuscript. Specials thanks go to C. Rosero, L. Londono, M. Barreto, El Grillo and the Wayuu community of Castilletes for your help on the logistics and realization of the fieldwork seasons. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU COQUINA PRESS PI AMHERST PA C/O WHITEY HAGADORN, EXECUTIVE EDITOR, AMHERST COLLEGE, DEPT GEOLOGY, AMHERST, MA 01002 USA SN 1935-3952 EI 1094-8074 J9 PALAEONTOL ELECTRON JI Palaeontol. electron. PY 2015 VL 18 IS 2 AR 32A PG 10 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA CO9FQ UT WOS:000359479500019 ER PT J AU Bilby, K AF Bilby, Kenneth TI How Readable is the Caribbean Soundscape? New Contributions to Music Bibliography SO NWIG-NEW WEST INDIAN GUIDE-NIEUWE WEST-INDISCHE GIDS LA English DT Review C1 Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Bilby, K (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM kmbilby@gmail.com NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU KITLV PRESS PI LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9515, 2300 RA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1382-2373 J9 NWIG-NEW W INDIAN GU JI NWIG- New West Indian Guid. PY 2015 VL 89 IS 1-2 BP 61 EP 68 DI 10.1163/22134360-08901001 PG 8 WC Area Studies; Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Area Studies; Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA CO2RC UT WOS:000359003300003 ER PT J AU Seeger, A Chaudhuri, S AF Seeger, Anthony Chaudhuri, Shuba TI The Contributions of Reconfigured Audiovisual Archives to Sustaining Traditions SO WORLD OF MUSIC-NEW SERIES LA English DT Article ID SOUND ARCHIVES; REPATRIATION; ETHNOMUSICOLOGY; COMMUNITY AB Audiovisual archives have made important contributions to the continuing performance of some genres through repatriation projects, but misconception about archives and some of their historical shortcomings make them less effective than they might be. In the early twenty-first century, digital recordings, improved communications, and local documentation initiatives make it possible for archives to play even more significant roles in the future. This paper argues the benefits of decentralizing some of the functions of archives in order to empower and enable local communities to document and access their traditions while ensuring that organization, preservation and ethical access will be managed assiduously for the long term. Based on the authors' experiences in India and the Americas, it suggests ways scholars, local communities, and audiovisual archives can collaborate to contribute to sustaining vibrant traditions in the performing arts and concludes with specific recommendations for archiving and planning community projects. C1 [Seeger, Anthony] Smithsonian Inst, Smithsonian Folkways Recordings, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Seeger, Anthony] Indiana Univ, Arch Tradit Mus, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Seeger, Anthony] Indiana Univ, Dept Anthropol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Seeger, Anthony] Natl Museum, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Seeger, Anthony] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Chaudhuri, Shuba] Amer Inst Indian Studies, Arch & Res Ctr Ethnomusicol, Delhi, India. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU VWB-VERLAG WISSENSCHAFT & BILDUNG PI BERLIN PA URBANSTRASSE 71, D-10967 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0043-8774 J9 WORLD MUSIC-NEW SER JI World Mus.-New Ser. PY 2015 VL 4 IS 1 BP 21 EP 34 PG 14 WC Music SC Music GA CN5FS UT WOS:000358455800003 ER PT J AU Liu, HP Hershler, R Rossel, CS AF Liu, Hsiu-Ping Hershler, Robert Rossel, Christopher S. TI Taxonomic status of the Columbia duskysnail (Truncatelloidea, Amnicolidae, Colligyrus) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Gastropoda; aquatic; western United States; systematics; phylogeny; conservation ID NORTH-AMERICA; RIVER-BASIN; FLUMINICOLA; SNAILS AB Undescribed freshwater snails (Amnicolidae: Colligyrus) from the Mount Hood region (northwestern United States) identified as a new species (commonly known as the Columbia duskysnail) in grey literature have been provided federal protection under the "survey and manage" provisions of the Northwest Forest Plan and have been placed on conservation watch lists. However, there are no published studies of the identity of these snails aside from a molecular phylogenetic analysis which delineated a close relationship between the single sampled population and C. greggi, which is distributed more than 750 km to the east of the Mount Hood area. Here we examine the taxonomic status of the Columbia duskysnail based on additional molecular sampling of mitochondrial DNA sequences (COI) and morphological evidence. We found that the Columbia duskysnail is not a monophyletic group and forms a strongly supported clade with C. greggi. The COI divergence between these broadly disjunct groups (2.1%) was somewhat larger than that within C. greggi (1.0%) but considerably less than that among the three currently recognized species of Colligyrus (8.7-12.1%). Additionally we found that the Columbia duskysnail and C. greggi cannot be consistently differentiated by previously reported diagnostic characters (size and shape of shell spire, pigmentation of body and penis) and are closely similar in other aspects of morphology. Based on these results we conclude that the Columbia duskysnail is conspecific with C. greggi. C1 [Liu, Hsiu-Ping] Metropolitan State Univ Denver, Dept Biol, Denver, CO 80217 USA. [Hershler, Robert] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Rossel, Christopher S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Mt Hood Natl Forest, Dufur, OR 97021 USA. RP Hershler, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM hershlerr@si.edu FU Bureau of Land Management, Oregon State Office [L11AC20325] FX This project was supported by an award from the Bureau of Land Management, Oregon State Office (L11AC20325, modification no. 1). We thank Kelli van Norman for facilitating this funding and for her constant encouragement and support throughout the project. We also thank Freya Goetz for inking the anatomical drawings; and Yolanda Villacampa for measuring shells, counting radula cusps, and preparing scanning electron micrographs. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 514 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.3897/zookeys.514.9919 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CN7CS UT WOS:000358592000001 PM 26261429 ER PT J AU Mengual, X Thompson, FC AF Mengual, Ximo Thompson, F. Christian TI Australian Allograpta Osten Sacken (Diptera, Syrphidae) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Australia; flower fly; hoverfly; new species; description; identification key ID PHYLOGENY AB Allograpta terraenovae sp. n. and Allograpta notiale sp. n. are described from Australia. Notes on the Australian species of Allograpta and an identification key to them are also given. The lectotype of Allograpta javana Wiedemann is designated, and the species Syrphus pallidus Bigot is synonymized under Allograpta australensis (Schiner). C1 [Mengual, Ximo] Zool Forsch Museum Alexander Koenig, Leibniz Inst Biodiversitat Tiere, D-53113 Bonn, Germany. [Thompson, F. Christian] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Mengual, X (reprint author), Zool Forsch Museum Alexander Koenig, Leibniz Inst Biodiversitat Tiere, Adenauerallee 160, D-53113 Bonn, Germany. EM x.mengual@zfmk.de OI Mengual, Ximo/0000-0002-6185-9404 NR 35 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 513 BP 65 EP 78 DI 10.3897/zookeys.513.9671 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CN7CO UT WOS:000358591500005 PM 26257569 ER PT J AU Moratelli, R Dias, D AF Moratelli, Ricardo Dias, Daniela TI A new species of nectar-feeding bat, genus Lonchophylla, from the Caatinga of Brazil (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Atlantic Forest; Caatinga; Cerrado; Lonchophylla inexpectata; Lonchophylla dekeyseri; Lonchophylla mordax; North-eastern Brazil ID MAMMALIA; AMERICA AB We describe Lonchophylla inexpectata sp. n. from the Caatinga of Brazil. This new species can be distinguished from all known species of Lonchophylla that occur in Brazil by dental traits, cranial size, and fur colour. Specimens of L. inexpectata have been misidentified as L. mordax; but L. inexpectata is a pale-venter species, similar in external appearance to L. dekeyseri. We have found L. inexpectata in the Caatinga of North-eastern Brazil; L. mordax along the eastern border of the Caatinga and in the Atlantic Forest-Caatinga ecotone in North-eastern Brazil; and L. dekeyseri in the Cerrado of Mid-western Brazil, in the Brazilian Cerrado-Caatinga ecotone, and as far west as the Cerrado of Bolivia. C1 [Moratelli, Ricardo] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Mata Atlantica, BR-22713375 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Moratelli, Ricardo] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Dias, Daniela] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Biol & Parasitol Mamiferos Silvestres Reserva, BR-21040900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Moratelli, R (reprint author), Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz Mata Atlantica, BR-22713375 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM rmoratelli@fiocruz.br RI Rocha, Ricardo/A-5735-2013 OI Rocha, Ricardo/0000-0003-0942-6633 FU Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development / Science Without Borders Program [CNPq 202612/2012]; Smithsonian Institution FX We thank the following curators and collections staff for loans, information on specimens in their care, for making collections available, or for assistance during museum work: A. L. Peracchi (UFRRJ, Brazil), E. Morielle-Versute (UNESP, Brazil), J. A. de Oliveira (MN, Brazil), J. Wible, S. McLaren (CM, USA), K. Helgen, D. Lunde (NMNH, USA), M. Ruedi (MHNG, Switzerland), N. Simmons, E. Westwig (AMNH, USA), M. Nascimento, and Y. L. R. Leite (UFES, Brazil). R. Portela Miguez (BMNH, England) provided images of the holotype of L. mordax. M. R. Nogueira (UENF, Brazil) provided access to material he collected and assisted us in the morphological analyses. C. Aires (UMC), D. Seripierri, and F. Nascimento (MZUSP) helped us with literature about E. Garbe. A. L. Gardner (USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, USA) revised a previous draft of the manuscript. This work was supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development / Science Without Borders Program (CNPq 202612/2012), and the Smithsonian Institution. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 14 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 514 BP 73 EP 91 DI 10.3897/zookeys.514.10013 PG 19 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CN7CS UT WOS:000358592000005 PM 26261433 ER PT J AU Baldwin, CC Robertson, DR AF Baldwin, Carole C. Robertson, D. Ross TI A new, mesophotic Coryphopterus goby (Teleostei, Gobiidae) from the southern Caribbean, with comments on relationships and depth distributions within the genus SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Coryphopterus curasub; Coryphopterus dicrus; submersible; Substation Curacao; Deep Reef Observation Project (DROP); DNA barcoding; phylogeny ID PHYLOGENY; FISHES; IDENTIFICATION; GOBIOSOMATINI; SEQUENCES; PACIFIC AB A new species of western Atlantic Coryphopterus is described from mesophotic depths off Curacao, southern Caribbean. Coryphopterus curasub sp. n., is similar to C. dicrus in, among other features, having two prominent pigment spots of roughly equal intensity on the pectoral-fin base, the pelvic fins fused to form a disk, and no pelvic frenum. The two species can be differentiated by body depth (shallower in C. curasub at origin of dorsal fin and caudal peduncle); differences in the pigmentation on the head, trunk, and basicaudal region; and usually by total number of rays (spinous plus soft) in the second dorsal fin (10-11, usually 11, in C. curasub, 10 in C. dicrus). Coryphopterus curasub differs from other Coryphopterus species that have a prominent pigment spot on the lower portion of the pectoral-fin base (C. punctipectophorus and C. venezuelae) in, among other features, lacking a pelvic frenum. Coryphopterus curasub was collected between 70 and 80 m, the deepest depth range known for the genus. Collections of C. venezuelae at depths of 65-69 m extend the depth range of that species by approximately 50 m. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) data corroborate the recognition of C. curasub as a distinct species but do not rigorously resolve its relationships within the genus. A revised key to the western Atlantic species of Coryphopterus is presented. C1 [Baldwin, Carole C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Robertson, D. Ross] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Baldwin, CC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM baldwinc@si.edu FU Consortium for Understanding and Sustaining a Biodiverse Planet; Competitive Grants for the Promotion of Science program; Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Endowment Fund for systematic ichthyology; National Geographic Society's Committee for Research and Exploration [9102-12] FX For contributing in various ways to this project, we thank the following (in alphabetical order): Bruce Brandt, Barry Brown, Cristina Castillo, Amy Driskell, Tico Christiaan, Rob Loendersloot, Dan Mulcahy, Diane Pitassy, Sandra Raredon, Laureen Schenk, Adriaan Schrier, Ian Silver-Gorges, Jennifer Strotman, Laura Tancredi, Barbara van Bebber, and Lee Weigt. Funding for the Smithsonian Institution's Deep Reef Observation Project was provided internally by the Consortium for Understanding and Sustaining a Biodiverse Planet to CCB, the Competitive Grants for the Promotion of Science program to CCB and DRR, and the Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Endowment Fund for systematic ichthyology to CCB; and externally by National Geographic Society's Committee for Research and Exploration to CCB (Grant #9102-12). This is Ocean Heritage Foundation/Curacao Sea Aquarium/Substation Curacao (OHF/SCA/SC) contribution number 17. NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 513 BP 123 EP 142 DI 10.3897/zookeys.513.9998 PG 20 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CN7CO UT WOS:000358591500008 PM 26257572 ER PT S AU Shah, S Larson, SL Brown, W AF Shah, Sweta Larson, Shane L. Brown, Warren GP IOP TI Ultra-compact binaries as gravitational wave sources SO 10TH INTERNATIONAL LISA SYMPOSIUM SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International LISA Symposium CY MAY 18-23, 2014 CL Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL SP Inst High Energy Phys & Astrophys, Dept Phys, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Coll Liberal Arts & Sci, Off Sponsored Res HO Univ Florida ID STAR-FORMATION HISTORY; WHITE-DWARF BINARIES; MACHO BINARIES; THIN DISC; PARAMETERS; OBJECTS; SIGNAL; LISA; IA AB Ultra-compact binaries are among the most numerous sources in the millihertz gravitational wave band, and as such represent one of the primary sources for LISA-like detectors (gravitational wave interferometers in space). Already there are almost 60 ultra-compact binaries that have been detected by electromagnetic means, and more are being discovered in dedicated searches as time goes on. Prominent in this population is the doubly-degenerate white dwarf system J0651, whose orbital decay has been measured and shown to track accurately with the predicted evolution due to the emission of gravitational wave emission. This paper reviews the current understanding of the ultra-compact binary population, recent progress in electromagnetic studies, and prospects for multi-messenger astronomy of these systems once a LISA-like detector is operational. C1 [Shah, Sweta] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Larson, Shane L.] Northwestern Univ, CIERA, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Larson, Shane L.] Adler Planetarium, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Brown, Warren] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Shah, S (reprint author), Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, POB 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. EM s.shah@astro.ru.nl NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2015 VL 610 AR 012003 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/610/1/012003 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Applied SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA BD1MF UT WOS:000358149000003 ER PT S AU Kaplan, DM Kirch, K Mancini, D Phillips, JD Phillips, TJ Roberts, TJ Terry, J AF Kaplan, Daniel M. Kirch, Klaus Mancini, Derrick Phillips, James D. Phillips, Thomas J. Roberts, Thomas J. Terry, Jeff BE Bravina, L Foka, Y Kabana, S TI Measuring antimatter gravity with muonium SO 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NEW FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics (ICNFP) CY JUL 28-AUG 06, 2014 CL Kolymbari, GREECE ID GAUGE AB The gravitational acceleration of antimatter, (g) over bar, has never been directly measured and could bear importantly on our understanding of gravity, the possible existence of a fifth force, and the nature and early history of the universe. Only two avenues for such a measurement appear to be feasible: antihydrogen and muonium. The muonium measurement requires a novel, monoenergetic, low-velocity, horizontal muonium beam directed at an atom interferometer. The precision three-grating interferometer can be produced in silicon nitride or ultrananocrystalline diamond using state-of-the-art nanofabrication. The required precision alignment and calibration at the picometer level also appear to be feasible. With 100 nm grating pitch, a 10% measurement of (g) over bar can be made using some months of surface-muon beam time, and a 1% or better measurement with a correspondingly larger exposure. This could constitute the first gravitational measurement of leptonic matter, of 2nd-generation matter and, possibly, the first measurement of the gravitational acceleration of antimatter. C1 [Kaplan, Daniel M.; Phillips, Thomas J.; Roberts, Thomas J.; Terry, Jeff] IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Kirch, Klaus] Paul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, Switzerland. [Kirch, Klaus] ETH, Zurich, Switzerland. [Mancini, Derrick] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Phillips, James D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Roberts, Thomas J.] Muons Inc, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. RP Kaplan, DM (reprint author), IIT, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. EM kaplan@iit.edu NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2015 VL 95 AR 05008 DI 10.1051/epjconf/20159505008 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA BD1PP UT WOS:000358248400151 ER PT S AU Huffer, D Chappell, D AF Huffer, Damien Chappell, Duncan BE Kila, JD Balcells, M TI Local and International Illicit Traffic in Vietnamese Cultural Property: A Preliminary Investigation SO CULTURAL PROPERTY CRIME: AN OVERVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVES AND TRENDS SE Heritage and Identity LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NORTHERN VIETNAM; CHINA C1 [Huffer, Damien] Museum Conservat Inst, London, England. [Huffer, Damien] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Phys Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Chappell, Duncan] Univ New S Wales, Sch Psychiat, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Chappell, Duncan] Australian Res Council, Ctr Excellence Policing & Secur, Int Advisory Board, Sydney, NSW, Australia. RP Huffer, D (reprint author), Museum Conservat Inst, London, England. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BRILL PI PA LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9000, NL-2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 2211-7369 BN 978-90-04-28054-0; 978-90-04-27971-1 J9 HERIT IDENT PY 2015 VL 3 BP 263 EP 291 DI 10.1163/9789004280540_015 PG 29 WC Criminology & Penology; Law SC Criminology & Penology; Government & Law GA BC8WX UT WOS:000356158000015 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Triana, JL Whitfield, JB Smith, MA Kula, RR Hallwachs, W Janzen, DH AF Fernandez-Triana, Jose L. Whitfield, James B. Smith, M. Alex Kula, Robert R. Hallwachs, Winnie Janzen, Daniel H. TI Revision of the genera Microplitis and Snellenius (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Costa Rica, with a key to all species previously described from Mesoamerica SO DEUTSCHE ENTOMOLOGISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT LA English DT Article DE Microplitis; Snellenius; Microgastrinae; New World; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; taxonomic review; parasitoid wasps; caterpillars; DNA barcoding; host species ID PARASITOID FLIES DIPTERA; DNA BARCODES; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; TACHINIDAE; INTEGRATION; MORPHOLOGY AB The genera Microplitis and Snellenius (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (ACG), Costa Rica, are revised. A total of 28 new species are described: 23 of Snellenius (the first record for Mesoamerica) and five of Microplitis. A key is provided to all new species and five species of Microplitis previously described from Mesoamerica. In ACG, all Microplitis were reared exclusively from Sphingidae, while all Snellenius were reared from Noctuoidea (Noctuidae and Erebidae). All of the wasp species with known host records are unambiguously specialists, parasitizing one or a few related hosts. Biological information (wasp cocoon and caterpillar hosts) in the Neotropical region seems to differ from similar data reported in previous works for the Oriental region -but more studies on the world fauna are needed. Although the distinction between these two genera has been controversial, we consider that the available evidence, although not conclusive, suggests that these two genera are best kept as separate (based on the presence of at least a partial epicnemial carina in Snellenius, which is absent in Microplitis). The following 28 species, all authored by Fernandez-Triana & Whitfield, are described as species nova: Microplitis adrianguadamuzi, M. alexanderrojasi, M. francopupulini, M. hebertbakeri, M. jorgehernandezi, Snellenius billburgeri, S. bobdressleri, S. donstonei, S. felipechavarriai, S. gerardoherrerai, S. irenebakerae, S. isidrochaconi, S. johnkressi, S. jorgecampabadali, S. jorgegomezlauritoi, S. josesarukhani, S. kerrydresslerae, S. lucindamcdadeae, S. luisdiegogomezi, S. mariakuzminae, S. mariamartachavarriae, S. phildevriesi, S. quiricojimenezi, S. robertoespinozai, S. sandyknappae, S. velvaruddae, S. vickifunkae, S. warrenwagneri. C1 [Fernandez-Triana, Jose L.] Canadian Natl Collect Insects, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Whitfield, James B.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Smith, M. Alex] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Kula, Robert R.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hallwachs, Winnie; Janzen, Daniel H.] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Fernandez-Triana, JL (reprint author), Canadian Natl Collect Insects, 960 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. EM jftriana@uoguelph.ca OI Smith, M Alex/0000-0002-8650-2575 FU Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund; Wege Foundation; International Conservation Fund of Canada; JRS Biodiversity Foundation; Permian Global; University of Pennsylvania; NSF [DEB 0515699]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Government of Canada through Genome Canada; Ontario Genomics Institute [2008-0GI-ICI-03]; USDA NRI program FX We emphatically and gratefully acknowledge the support of the ACG parataxonomist team (Janzen et al. 2009, Janzen and Hallwachs 2011) in finding and rearing these caterpillars, their parasites and their hyperparasites, and Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (ACG) for preserving the forests in which they live, and the Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund, the Wege Foundation, the International Conservation Fund of Canada, the JRS Biodiversity Foundation, Jessie Hill, Steve Stroud, Permian Global, and the University of Pennsylvania for funding portions of the research. This study was also supported by NSF DEB 0515699 to DHJ and by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant to MAS. Laboratory analyses of these sequences were funded by the Government of Canada through Genome Canada and the Ontario Genomics Institute (2008-0GI-ICI-03). JBW would like to acknowledge the USDA NRI program for support from two grants, awarded in 2000 and 2003, which supported earlier work on some of the species in this study. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1435-1951 EI 1522-2403 J9 DEUT ENTOMOL Z JI Dtsch. Entomol. Z. PY 2015 VL 62 IS 2 BP 137 EP 201 DI 10.3897/dez.62.5276 PG 65 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CN3CN UT WOS:000358301500001 ER PT J AU Kuhn, AW Tedesco, M Boligon, AA Athayde, ML Laughinghouse, HD Tedesco, SB AF Kuhn, Andrielle Wouters Tedesco, Marilia Boligon, Aline Augusti Athayde, Margareth Linde Laughinghouse, Haywood Dail Tedesco, Solange Bosio TI Chromatographic analysis and antiproliferative potential of aqueous extracts of Punica granatum fruit peels using the Allium cepa test SO BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Punica granatum L./phytochemistry; Punica granatum L./genotoxicity Punica granatum L./chromatography analysis; Medicinal plants; Pomegranate ID CELL-CYCLE; IN-VITRO; POMEGRANATE; GENOTOXICITY; INFUSIONS; CANCER; PLANTS; ASSAYS; L. AB Punica granatum L., locally known as romanzeira, is native to Asia but found throughout Brazil. P. granatum is used for treating inflammatory, infectious and respiratory diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the chromatography and genotoxicity of an aqueous extract of P. granatum (pomegranate) fruit peel using the Allium cepa L. test. The experiment set-up entailed 7 treatments: T1-distilled water, T2-tea 5 g.L-1, T3-tea 10 g.L-1, T4-glyphosate at 9.6%, T5-glyphosate with subsequent recovery in distilled water, T6-glyphosate with subsequent recovery in tea 5 g.L-1 and T7-glyphosate with subsequent recovery in tea 10 g.L-1. The rootlets were collected and fixed in ethanol: acetic acid (3: 1) for 24 hours, then stored in 70% ethanol under refrigeration. Analysis was performed using high performance liquid chromatography for the quantification of the extracted phenolic compounds. Gallic acid, catechin, caffeic acid, and rutin were abundant in the extracts of P. granatum. The extracts were found to exhibit antiproliferative potential but not antimutagenic or genotoxic activity. C1 [Kuhn, Andrielle Wouters; Tedesco, Marilia; Boligon, Aline Augusti; Athayde, Margareth Linde; Tedesco, Solange Bosio] Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Biol, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. [Laughinghouse, Haywood Dail] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot MRC 166, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Laughinghouse, Haywood Dail] Smith Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Northampton, MA 01063 USA. RP Tedesco, SB (reprint author), Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Biol, Av Roraima 1000, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. EM solatedesco@yahoo.com.br RI Laughinghouse, Haywood/M-5836-2016; OI Laughinghouse, Haywood/0000-0003-1018-6948; Boligon, Aline/0000-0002-6001-1313 FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS/CAPES); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) FX This study was supported by the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS/CAPES) and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) to whom we express our gratitude. We thank R.M. Fischer for revising the final text. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU UNIV SAO PAULO, CONJUNTO QUIMICAS PI SAO PAULO PA SERVICO PUBLICACOES E CIRCULACAO, CAIXA POSTAL 66083, SAO PAULO, 00000, BRAZIL SN 1984-8250 EI 2175-9790 J9 BRAZ J PHARM SCI JI Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. PD JAN-MAR PY 2015 VL 51 IS 1 BP 241 EP 248 DI 10.1590/S1984-82502015000100024 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA CM5QS UT WOS:000357744100024 ER PT J AU Harvey, EJ AF Harvey, Eleanor Jones TI Painters and Paintings in the Early American South SO EARLY AMERICAN LITERATURE LA English DT Book Review C1 [Harvey, Eleanor Jones] Smithsonian Amer Art Museum, Washington, DC 20004 USA. RP Harvey, EJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Amer Art Museum, Washington, DC 20004 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV NORTH CAROLINA PRESS PI CHAPEL HILL PA BOX 2288, JOURNALS DEPT, CHAPEL HILL, NC 27515-2288 USA SN 0012-8163 EI 1534-147X J9 EARLY AM LITERATURE JI Early Am. Lit. PY 2015 VL 50 IS 2 BP 576 EP 579 PG 4 WC Literature, American SC Literature GA CM5WP UT WOS:000357760000017 ER PT J AU Winter, K Holtum, JAM AF Winter, Klaus Holtum, Joseph A. M. TI Cryptic crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in Jatropha curcas SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biofuel; Euphorbiaceae; photosynthesis; stem respiration ID MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; DROUGHT STRESS; DNA-SEQUENCES; EUPHORBIACEAE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; EVOLUTION; BIOENERGY; ORCHIDACEAE; GROWTH AB Jatropha curcas L. is a drought-tolerant shrub or small tree that is a candidate bioenergy feedstock. It is a member of the family Euphorbiaceae in which both CAM and C-4 photosynthesis have evolved. Here, we report that J. curcas exhibits features diagnostic of low-level CAM. Small increases in nocturnal acid content were consistently observed in photosynthetic stems and occasionally in leaves. Acidification was associated with transient contractions in CO2 loss at night rather than with net CO2 dark fixation. Although the CAM-type nocturnal CO2 uptake signal was masked by background respiration, estimates of dark CO2 fixation based upon the 2:1 stoichiometric relationship between H+ accumulated and CO2 fixed indicated substantial carbon retention in the stems via the CAM cycle. It is proposed that under conditions of drought, low-level CAM in J. curcas stems serves primarily to conserve carbon rather than water. C1 [Winter, Klaus; Holtum, Joseph A. M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Holtum, Joseph A. M.] James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Biodivers & Climate Change, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. RP Winter, K (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, POB 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM winterk@si.edu RI Research ID, CTBCC /O-3564-2014 FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX Thanks to Milton Garcia for building the stem-gas-exchange cuvettes and to Aurelio Virgo for preparing the illustrations. This research was supported by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 24 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-4408 EI 1445-4416 J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL JI Funct. Plant Biol. PY 2015 VL 42 IS 8 BP 711 EP 717 DI 10.1071/FP15021 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CM7GN UT WOS:000357858900001 ER PT S AU Ahn, MH Kang, M Liu, X Kim, J AF Ahn, Myoung-Hwan Kang, Mina Liu, Xiong Kim, Jhoon BE Hadjimitsis, DG Themistocleous, K Michaelides, S Papadavid, G TI A sensitivity study for the calibration of hyperspectral spectrometer on board the geostationary multipurpose satellite of KOREA SO THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON REMOTE SENSING AND GEOINFORMATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (RSCY2015) SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Remote Sensing and Geoinformation of the Environment (RSCy) CY MAR 16-19, 2015 CL Paphos, CYPRUS SP Cyprus Univ Technol, Cyprus Remote Sensing Soc, European Space Agcy, Cyprus Sci & Tech Chamber, Dept Meteorol, Minist Def, Minist Commun & Works, Dept Elect Commun, Agr Res Inst, Grp Earth Observat, DLR, Hellas Sat, Neapolis Univ, Frederick Univ, Intergraph, GeoSystems Hellas, I BEC, Si Cluster, Spectra Vista Corp, Agisoft, QuestUAV, SPOLMHK, SODAP, Smart Events, Municipal Pafos, Municipal Geroskipou, Pegeia Municipal DE Spectral Calibration; Best fitting; Sensitivity tests; GEMS; GEO-KOMPSAT ID SPECTRUM; NM AB A spectral calibration algorithm for the hyperspectral geostationary environmental monitoring spectrometer (GEMS) on-board GEO-KOMPSAT-2B (GK-2B) planned to launch in 2019 has been developed. Although spectral registration for the CCD detector is done by the optical parameters prepared during the ground test of the instrument, the algorithm is applied for the improved spectral accuracy. The prototype algorithm is based on the best fitting of the measured spectrum to the known high resolution reference spectrum such as the solar irradiance. To characterize the prototype algorithm, a series of sensitivity tests for various spectral parameters, such as squeeze, shift, spectral response function, and reference solar spectrum, has been performed. The prototype algorithm shows a minimal sensitive to the uncertainties associated with several parameters such as squeeze, shift, or spectral band. However, the algorithm performance degrades by an order if the spectral response function including its shape has uncertainty. Thus, it is recommended to measure the spectral response function at the ground test as accurately as possible. Furthermore, the prototype algorithm is also highly sensitive to the used reference solar spectrum, which needs further investigation. C1 [Ahn, Myoung-Hwan; Kang, Mina] Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci & Engn, Seoul, South Korea. [Liu, Xiong] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kim, Jhoon] Yonsei Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea. RP Ahn, MH (reprint author), Ewha Womans Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci & Engn, Ewhayeodae Gil 52, Seoul, South Korea. RI Liu, Xiong/P-7186-2014 OI Liu, Xiong/0000-0003-2939-574X NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-700-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2015 VL 9535 AR 95351U DI 10.1117/12.2192534 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BD1EQ UT WOS:000357980300065 ER PT J AU Agnarsson, I Jencik, BB Veve, GM Hanitriniaina, S Agostini, D Goh, SP Pruitt, J Kuntner, M AF Agnarsson, Ingi Jencik, Brian B. Veve, Giselle M. Hanitriniaina, Sahondra Agostini, Diego Goh, Seok Ping Pruitt, Jonathan Kuntner, Matjaz TI Systematics of the Madagascar Anelosimus spiders: remarkable local richness and endemism, and dual colonization from the Americas SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Cobweb spiders; subsocial; Theridiidae; biogeography; colonization; radiation; congener coexistance ID DARWINS BARK SPIDER; SOCIAL SPIDER; SUBSOCIAL SPIDER; ARANEAE; THERIDIIDAE; DNA; PHYLOGENY; MORPHOLOGY; SPECIATION; DISPERSAL AB Despite the alarming rates of deforestation and forest fragmentation, Madagascar still harbors extraordinary biodiversity. However, in many arthropod groups, such as spiders, this biodiversity remains mostly unexplored and undescribed. The first subsocial Madagascan species of the theridiid spider genus Anelosimus were described in 2005 when six new species were found to coexist in the Perinet forest fragment within Andasibe-Mantadia NP. However, this discovery was based only on a few specimens and the extent of this Madagascan radiation has remained unknown. We here report on a thorough survey of >350 colonies from Perinet, and three pilot surveys into additional Madagascar forests (Ambohitantely, Ranamofana, and Montagne d'Ambre). The morphological, molecular and natural history data from these surveys facilitated a revised taxonomy and phylogenetic hypothesis of Madagascan Anelosimus. This subsocial clade currently comprises six previously known (A. andasibe Agnarsson & Kuntner, 2005, A. may Agnarsson, 2005, A. nazariani Agnarsson & Kuntner, 2005, A. sallee Agnarsson & Kuntner, 2005, A. salut Agnarsson & Kuntner, 2005, A. vondrona Agnarsson & Kuntner, 2005) and 10 new species: A. ata sp. n., A. buffoni sp. n., A. darwini sp. n., A. hookeri sp. n., A. huxleyi sp. n., A. lamarcki sp. n., A. moramora sp. n., A. tita sp. n., A. torfi sp. n., A. wallacei sp. n.. With the exception of A. may and A. vondrona, all other species appear to be single forest endemics. While additional sampling is necessary, these data imply a much higher local richness and endemism in Madagascan forests than in any other comparable area globally. The phylogenetic results establish a sister clade relationship between the subsocial Anelosimus in Madagascar and the American 'eximius group', and between the solitary A. decaryi on Madagascar and a solitary American clade. These findings imply duplicate colonizations from America, an otherwise rare biogeographical pattern, calling for more detailed investigation of Anelosimus biogeography. C1 [Agnarsson, Ingi; Jencik, Brian B.; Veve, Giselle M.] Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Agnarsson, Ingi; Kuntner, Matjaz] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Hanitriniaina, Sahondra] Univ Madagascar, Dept Entomol, Antananarivo, Madagascar. [Agostini, Diego] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA. [Goh, Seok Ping; Pruitt, Jonathan] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore 117548, Singapore. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Kuntner, Matjaz] Slovenian Acad Sci & Arts, Sci Res Ctr, Inst Biol, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Kuntner, Matjaz] Hubei Univ, Coll Life Sci, Ctr Behav Ecol & Evolut CBEE, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China. RP Agnarsson, I (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. EM iagnarsson@gmail.com FU Slovenian Research Agency [ARRS Z1-9799-0618-07]; National Geographic Society [8655-09]; University of Puerto Rico; National Science Foundation [DEB-1050187-1050253, 1314749] FX Thanks to Patricia Wright, Fredrica van Berkum, Benjamin Andriamihaja and all the ANGAP/MICET/MNP crew in Antananarivo and Ranomafana for logistical help. We are grateful to Charles Griswold and Brian L Fisher for help in establishing contacts in Madagascar. Honore Rabarison (Nono) assisted with field collection. Yadira Ortiz Ruiz and Carol Yablonsky assisted with the molecular work. Funding for this work came from the Slovenian Research Agency (ARRS Z1-9799-0618-07). Additional funds came from the National Geographic Society (8655-09), the University of Puerto Rico, and the National Science Foundation (DEB-1050187-1050253, 1314749) to IA and G. Binford. We are grateful to Cor Vink, Miquel Arnedo and an anonymous reviewer for constructive comments that improved the manuscript. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 13 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 509 BP 13 EP 52 DI 10.3897/zookeys.509.8897 PG 40 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CM3RC UT WOS:000357600000002 PM 26175602 ER PT J AU Gregory, T Lunde, D Zamora-Meza, HT Carrasco-Rueda, F AF Gregory, Tremaine Lunde, Darrin Tomas Zamora-Meza, Hugo Carrasco-Rueda, Farah TI Records of Coendou ichillus (Rodentia, Erethizontidae) from the Lower Urubamba Region of Peru SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Neotropical porcupines; Coendou ichillus; Peru; biodiversity; distribution; Urubamba; Rodentia; camera trap AB Coendou ichillus was first described in 2001 by Voss and da Silva, with a range from Amazonian Ecuador to Iquitos, Peru. Here, we describe an adult female Coendou ichillus specimen collected in a Tomahawk trap in the forest canopy of the Lower Urubamba Region of Peru in October 2013. We also describe pathologies and behaviors observed through 379 camera trapping photo events (2,196 photos) gathered in natural canopy bridges over the course of a year (7,198 trap nights), including information on activity period over the course of the day and over the course of the lunar cycle. We conservatively estimate that 17 individuals were photographed, including one juvenile. Being 900 km away from Iquitos, Peru (the site of the closest record), discovery of this species in the Lower Urubamba constitutes a significant range extension. C1 [Gregory, Tremaine] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat Educ & Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Lunde, Darrin] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Tomas Zamora-Meza, Hugo] Univ Nacl San Agustin, Museo Hist Nat, Arequipa, Peru. [Carrasco-Rueda, Farah] Univ Florida, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Gregory, T (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat Educ & Sustainabil, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM gregoryt@si.edu OI Carrasco-Rueda, Farah/0000-0003-1686-2249 FU Repsol Exploracion Peru; Peruvian government's Direccion General Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre Resoluciones Directorales [0221-2011-AG-DGFFS-DGEFFS, 0197-2012-AG-DGFFS-DGEFFS, 0265-2012-AG-DGFFS-DGEFFS, 0323-2013-MINAGRI-DGFFS-DGEFFS] FX We would like to thank Eliecer Gutierrez, Alfonso Alonso, and two reviewers for their valuable comments on drafts of this manuscript. We would like to thank Stanford W. Gregory, Jr. for assistance in the design of the trapping methodologies, and Robert Voss, Kris Helgen, Louise Emmons, Suzanne Peurach, Edward Moreira Bahnson, Helen T. Gregory, Matthijs Schuring, Jessica Deichmann, Joe Kolowski, Joe Maher (ITEC), Tamia Souto, Matthew Richardson, and Hadrien Vanthomme for advice and assistance during the planning and design of this project. We thank Guillermo Joo Novoa, Sophia Celino, and Drew Hart for invaluable photo processing assistance. For logistics, administrative, and field support, we also thank Francisco Dallmeier, Marcel Costa Faura, Carlos Zariquiey, Alina Pace, Sulema Castro, Tatiana Pacheco, Piter Ccoicca, Alex Elias, Raul Quenticuari, Vanessa Luna, Mario Matias, Wenister Garcia, and Miguel Zegarra. We thank CORBIDI and DGFFS staff for their assistance with the collection and deposit of the specimen. We thank CODBIDI, DGFFS, and NMNH staff for their assistance with the collection, deposit, and photography of the specimen. Thanks to Repsol Exploracion Peru for financial and logistical support. This research was conducted under the Peruvian government's Direccion General Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre Resoluciones Directorales No. 0221-2011-AG-DGFFS-DGEFFS, No. 0197-2012-AG-DGFFS-DGEFFS, No. 0265-2012-AG-DGFFS-DGEFFS, and No. 0323-2013-MINAGRI-DGFFS-DGEFFS. This is contribution 33 of the Peru Biodiversity Program. The methods used in this study were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of the National Zoological Park. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 509 BP 109 EP 121 DI 10.3897/zookeys.509.9821 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CM3RC UT WOS:000357600000005 PM 26175605 ER PT J AU Saarela, JM Wysocki, WP Barrett, CF Soreng, RJ Davis, JI Clark, LG Kelchner, SA Pires, JC Edger, PP Mayfield, DR Duvall, MR AF Saarela, Jeffery M. Wysocki, William P. Barrett, Craig F. Soreng, Robert J. Davis, Jerrold I. Clark, Lynn G. Kelchner, Scot A. Pires, J. Chris Edger, Patrick P. Mayfield, Dustin R. Duvall, Melvin R. TI Plastid phylogenomics of the cool-season grass subfamily: clarification of relationships among early-diverging tribes SO AOB PLANTS LA English DT Article DE Chloroplast genome; core Pooideae; phylogenetics; phylogenomics; plastome; Poeae; Schedonorus arundinaceus ID COMPLETE CHLOROPLAST GENOME; COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; RESTRICTION SITE VARIATION; LONG-BRANCH ATTRACTION; BRIZA COMPLEX POACEAE; TRNL-F SEQUENCES; FAMILY POACEAE; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; TRITICEAE POACEAE; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AB Whole plastid genomes are being sequenced rapidly from across the green plant tree of life, and phylogenetic analyses of these are increasing resolution and support for relationships that have varied among or been unresolved in earlier single-and multi-gene studies. Pooideae, the cool-season grass lineage, is the largest of the 12 grass subfamilies and includes important temperate cereals, turf grasses and forage species. Although numerous studies of the phylogeny of the subfamily have been undertaken, relationships among some 'early-diverging' tribes conflict among studies, and some relationships among subtribes of Poeae have not yet been resolved. To address these issues, we newly sequenced 25 whole plastomes, which showed rearrangements typical of Poaceae. These plastomes represent 9 tribes and 11 subtribes of Pooideae, and were analysed with 20 existing plastomes for the subfamily. Maximum likelihood (ML), maximum parsimony (MP) and Bayesian inference (BI) robustly resolve most deep relationships in the subfamily. Complete plastome data provide increased nodal support compared with proteincoding data alone at nodes that are not maximally supported. Following the divergence of Brachyelytrum, Phaenospermateae, Brylkinieae-Meliceae and Ampelodesmeae-Stipeae are the successive sister groups of the rest of the subfamily. Ampelodesmeae are nested within Stipeae in the plastome trees, consistent with its hybrid origin between a phaenospermatoid and a stipoid grass (the maternal parent). The core Pooideae are strongly supported and include Brachypodieae, a Bromeae-Triticeae clade and Poeae. Within Poeae, a novel sister group relationship between Phalaridinae and Torreyochloinae is found, and the relative branching order of this clade and Aveninae, with respect to an Agrostidinae-Brizinae clade, are discordant between MP and ML/BI trees. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses strongly support Airinae and Holcinae as the successive sister groups of a Dactylidinae-Loliinae clade. C1 [Saarela, Jeffery M.] Canadian Museum Nat, Bot Sect Res & Collect, Ottawa, ON K1P 3P4, Canada. [Wysocki, William P.; Duvall, Melvin R.] No Illinois Univ, Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Barrett, Craig F.] Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Bot, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. [Soreng, Robert J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Davis, Jerrold I.] Cornell Univ, Plant Biol Sect, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Clark, Lynn G.] Iowa State Univ, Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kelchner, Scot A.] Idaho State Univ, Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Pires, J. Chris; Mayfield, Dustin R.] Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Edger, Patrick P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Saarela, JM (reprint author), Canadian Museum Nat, Bot Sect Res & Collect, POB 3443 Stn D, Ottawa, ON K1P 3P4, Canada. EM jsaarela@mus-nature.ca; mel-duvall@niu.edu OI Wysocki, William/0000-0002-4069-8517; Saarela, Jeffery/0000-0003-1790-4332 FU Plant Molecular Biology Center; Department of Biological Sciences at Northern Illinois University; National Science Foundation [DEB-1120750, DEB-1120856, DEB-1120761, DEB-0830020] FX This work was supported in part by the Plant Molecular Biology Center, the Department of Biological Sciences at Northern Illinois University and the National Science Foundation under grant numbers DEB-1120750 to L.G.C., DEB-1120856 to S.A.K. and DEB-1120761 to M.R.D. and DEB-0830020 to J.I.D. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 155 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 20 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2041-2851 J9 AOB PLANTS JI Aob Plants PY 2015 VL 7 AR plv046 DI 10.1093/aobpla/plv046 PG 27 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CM1DZ UT WOS:000357422100006 ER PT J AU Thorwirth, S Kaiser, RI Crabtree, KN McCarthy, MC AF Thorwirth, Sven Kaiser, Ralf I. Crabtree, Kyle N. McCarthy, Michael C. TI Spectroscopic and structural characterization of three silaisocyanides: exploring an elusive class of reactive molecules at high resolution SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID SUBMILLIMETER-WAVE SPECTRUM; AB-INITIO; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; ROTATIONAL SPECTRA; FOURIER-TRANSFORM; MICROWAVE-SPECTRA; BASIS-SETS; HNSI; MILLIMETER; SILICON AB Silaisocyanoacetylene, HCCNSi, silaisocyanodiacetylene, HC4NSi, and silaisocyanogen, NCNSi, have been identified spectroscopically for the first time. All three transient species were observed at high spectral resolution at centimeter wavelengths (5-40 GHz) by microwave spectroscopy. From detection of less abundant isotopic species and high-level quantum-chemical calculations, accurate empirical equilibrium structures have been derived for HCCNSi and NCNSi. All three molecules are promising candidates for future radio astronomical detection owing in part to large calculated dipole moments. C1 [Thorwirth, Sven] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Kaiser, Ralf I.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Chem, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Crabtree, Kyle N.; McCarthy, Michael C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Thorwirth, S (reprint author), Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, Zulpicher Str 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. EM sthorwirth@ph1.uni-koeln.de RI Thorwirth, Sven/C-6217-2011; OI Thorwirth, Sven/0000-0001-8200-6710; Crabtree, Kyle/0000-0001-5629-5192 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [TH 1301/3-2]; NASA [NNX13AE59G]; National Science Foundation [NSF CHEM 1360658]; CfA Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; DFG FX S.T. gratefully acknowledges support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through Grant TH 1301/3-2. The experimental work was supported by NASA grant NNX13AE59G. R.I.K. thanks the National Science Foundation (NSF CHEM 1360658) for support. K.N.C. was supported by a CfA Postdoctoral Fellowship from the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. We also thank the Regional Computing Center of the Universitat zu Koln (RRZK) for providing computing time on the DFG-funded High Performance Computing (HPC) system CHEOPS, E. S. Palmer and P. Antonucci for technical expertise, and O. Martinez for assistance during initial searches. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 EI 1364-548X J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PY 2015 VL 51 IS 56 BP 11305 EP 11308 DI 10.1039/c5cc02548f PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA CL7SX UT WOS:000357173100039 PM 26083592 ER PT S AU Broadway, DM Weimer, J Gurgew, D Lis, T Ramsey, BD O'Dell, SL Gubarev, M Ames, A Bruni, R AF Broadway, David M. Weimer, Jeffrey Gurgew, Danielle Lis, Tomasz Ramsey, Brian D. O'Dell, Stephen L. Gubarev, Mikhail Ames, A. Bruni, R. BE Hudec, R Pina, L TI Achieving zero stress in iridium, chromium, and nickel thin films SO EUV AND X-RAY OPTICS: SYNERGY BETWEEN LABORATORY AND SPACE IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on EUV and X-ray Optics - Synergy between Laboratory and Space IV CY APR 13-14, 2015 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP SPIE DE x-ray space telescopes; soft x-ray optical coatings; in-situ measurement of film stress; thin film characterization; zero stress iridium thin films ID INTRINSIC STRESS; METAL-FILMS AB We examine a method for achieving zero intrinsic stress in thin films of iridium, chromium, and nickel deposited by magnetron sputter deposition. The examination of the stress in these materials is motivated by efforts to advance the optical performance of light-weight x-ray space telescopes into the regime of sub-arc second resolution. A characteristic feature of the intrinsic stress behavior in chromium and nickel is their sensitivity to the magnitude and sign of the intrinsic stress with argon gas pressure, including the existence of a critical pressure that results in zero film stress. This critical pressure scales linearly with the film's density. While the effect of stress reversal with argon pressure has been previously reported by Hoffman and others for nickel and chromium, we have discovered a similar behavior for the intrinsic stress in iridium films. Additionally, we have identified zero stress in iridium shortly after island coalescence in the high adatom mobility growth regime. This feature of film growth is used for achieving a total internal stress of -2.89 MPa for a 15.8 nm thick iridium film with a surface roughness of 5.0 +/- 0.5 angstrom based x-ray reflectivity (XRR) measurement at CuK alpha. The surface topography was also examined using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The examination of the stress in these films has been performed with a novel in-situ measurement device. The methodology and sensitivity of the in-situ instrument is also described herein. C1 [Broadway, David M.; Ramsey, Brian D.; O'Dell, Stephen L.; Gubarev, Mikhail] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Weimer, Jeffrey; Gurgew, Danielle; Lis, Tomasz] Univ Alabama, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Ames, A.; Bruni, R.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. RP Broadway, DM (reprint author), NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. OI O'Dell, Stephen/0000-0002-1868-8056 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-631-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2015 VL 9510 AR 95100E DI 10.1117/12.2180641 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC9TE UT WOS:000356859800013 ER PT S AU Marlowe, H McEntaffer, RL Allured, R DeRoo, C Miles, DM Donovan, BD Tutt, JH Burwitz, V Menz, B Hartner, GD Smith, RK Gunther, R Yanson, A Vacanti, G Ackermann, M AF Marlowe, Hannah McEntaffer, Randall L. Allured, Ryan DeRoo, Casey Miles, Drew M. Donovan, Benjamin D. Tutt, James H. Burwitz, Vadim Menz, Benedikt Hartner, Gisela D. Smith, Randall K. Gunther, Ramses Yanson, Alex Vacanti, Giuseppe Ackermann, Marcelo BE Hudec, R Pina, L TI Performance Testing of a Novel Off-plane Reflection Grating and Silicon Pore Optic Spectrograph at PANTER SO EUV AND X-RAY OPTICS: SYNERGY BETWEEN LABORATORY AND SPACE IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on EUV and X-ray Optics - Synergy between Laboratory and Space IV CY APR 13-14, 2015 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP SPIE DE Diffraction; gratings; grazing incidence; holography; x-rays ID X-RAY OPTICS; ROSAT AB An X-ray spectrograph consisting of aligned, radially ruled off-plane reflection gratings and silicon pore optics (SPO) was tested at the Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics PANTER X-ray test facility. The SPO is a test module for the proposed Arcus mission, which will also feature aligned off-plane reflection gratings. This test is the first time two off-plane gratings were actively aligned to each other and with a SPO to produce an overlapped spectrum. We report the performance of the complete spectrograph utilizing the aligned gratings module and plans for future development. C1 [Marlowe, Hannah; McEntaffer, Randall L.; DeRoo, Casey; Miles, Drew M.; Donovan, Benjamin D.; Tutt, James H.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Allured, Ryan; Smith, Randall K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA. [Burwitz, Vadim; Menz, Benedikt; Hartner, Gisela D.] MPI Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Gunther, Ramses; Yanson, Alex; Vacanti, Giuseppe] Cosine Sci & Comp BV, NL-2333 CH Leiden, Netherlands. [Ackermann, Marcelo] Cosine Res BV, NL-2333 CH Leiden, Netherlands. RP Marlowe, H (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, 210 Van Allen Hall, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM hannah-marlowe@uiowa.edu NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-631-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2015 VL 9510 AR 95100O DI 10.1117/12.2185693 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC9TE UT WOS:000356859800020 ER PT S AU Weisskopf, MC Gaskin, J Tananbaum, H Vikhlinin, A AF Weisskopf, Martin C. Gaskin, Jessica Tananbaum, Harvey Vikhlinin, Alexey BE Hudec, R Pina, L TI Beyond Chandra - the X-ray Surveyor SO EUV AND X-RAY OPTICS: SYNERGY BETWEEN LABORATORY AND SPACE IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on EUV and X-ray Optics - Synergy between Laboratory and Space IV CY APR 13-14, 2015 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP SPIE DE X-ray Astronomy; X-ray optics; X-ray gratings; X-ray detectors AB Over the past 16 years, NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory has provided an unparalleled means for exploring the high energy universe with its half-arcsecond angular resolution. Chandra studies have deepened our understanding of galaxy clusters, active galactic nuclei, galaxies, supernova remnants, planets, and solar system objects addressing most, if not all, areas of current interest in astronomy and astrophysics. As we look beyond Chandra, it is clear that comparable or even better angular resolution with greatly increased photon throughput is essential to address even more demanding science questions, such as the formation and subsequent growth of black hole seeds at very high redshift; the emergence of the first galaxy groups; and details of feedback over a large range of scales from galaxies to galaxy clusters. Recently, NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, together with the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, has initiated a concept study for such a mission now named the X-ray Surveyor. This concept study starts with a baseline payload consisting of a high resolution X-ray telescope and an instrument set which may include an X-ray calorimeter, a wide-field imager and a dispersive grating spectrometer and readout. The telescope would consist of highly nested thin shells, for which a number of technical approaches are currently under development, including adjustable X-ray optics, differential deposition, and modern polishing techniques applied to a variety of substrates. In many areas, the mission requirements would be no more stringent than those of Chandra, and the study takes advantage of similar studies for other large area missions carried out over the past two decades. Initial assessments indicate that such an X-ray mission is scientifically compelling, technically feasible, and worthy of a high prioritization by the next American National Academy of Sciences Decadal Survey for Astronomy and Astrophysics. C1 [Weisskopf, Martin C.; Gaskin, Jessica] NASA, MSFC, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Tananbaum, Harvey; Vikhlinin, Alexey] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Weisskopf, MC (reprint author), NASA, MSFC, ZP12,320 Sparkman Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. EM martin.c.weisskopf@nasa.gov NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-631-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2015 VL 9510 AR 951002 DI 10.1117/12.2185084 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC9TE UT WOS:000356859800001 ER PT S AU Zhao, P AF Zhao, Ping BE Hudec, R Pina, L TI Transverse X-ray scattering on random rough surfaces SO EUV AND X-RAY OPTICS: SYNERGY BETWEEN LABORATORY AND SPACE IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on EUV and X-ray Optics - Synergy between Laboratory and Space IV CY APR 13-14, 2015 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP SPIE DE X-ray scattering; wave scattering; transverse scattering; random rough surface; X-ray optics; X-ray mirror; X-ray telescope; Chandra X-ray Observatory ID MIRROR EFFECTIVE AREA; PERFORMANCE AB This paper presents a new method to model the transverse scattering from random rough surfaces. It uses the same approach as our 2003 SPIE paper - PZ&LVS,(1) but considers the scattering in the direction perpendicular to the incident plane. For a given Power Spectral Density, a model surface is constructed by assigning a random phase to each spectral component. The incident wave is reflected from the model rough surface and then projected to an outgoing wavefront, which is then redistributed onto an even grid in the transverse direction, with corrections for the wave densities and the phase shifts. Fast Fourier transforms are used to calculate the transverse scattering pattern. This method provides the exact solution to the transverse scattering without small angle approximation. This solution is generally applicable to any transverse wave scatterings on random rough surfaces and is not limited to small scattering angles. This paper together with PZ&LVS1 provide a complete solution for wave scattering on random rough surfaces in all directions. Examples are given for the Chandra X-ray Observatory optics. This method is also useful for the next generation X-ray astronomy missions. C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Zhao, P (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM zhao@cfa.harvard.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-631-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2015 VL 9510 AR 951009 DI 10.1117/12.2180449 PG 20 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BC9TE UT WOS:000356859800008 ER PT J AU Apps, PJ Weldon, PJ Kramer, M AF Apps, Peter J. Weldon, Paul J. Kramer, Matthew TI Chemical signals in terrestrial vertebrates: search for design features SO NATURAL PRODUCT REPORTS LA English DT Review ID THAMNOPHIS-SIRTALIS-PARIETALIS; MAJOR URINARY PROTEINS; BLACK-TAILED DEER; GERBIL MERIONES-UNGUICULATUS; SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; VOMERONASAL SENSORY NEURONS; HIGH OLFACTORY SENSITIVITY; HAMSTER VAGINAL DISCHARGE; RECEPTOR GENE REPERTOIRE; FEMALE ASIAN ELEPHANTS AB Covering: 1950 to 2015 We compiled a data set of the compounds that terrestrial vertebrates (amniotes) use to send chemical signals, and searched for relationships between signal compound properties and signal function. Overall, relationships were scarce and formed only small-scale patterns. Terrestrial vertebrate signalling compounds are invariably components of complex mixtures of compounds with diverse molecular weights and functionalities. Signal compounds with high molecular weights (MWs) and low vapour pressures, or that are bound to carrier proteins, are detected during direct contact with the source of the signal. Stable compounds with aromatic rings in their structures are more common in signals of social dominance, including territoriality. Aldehydes are emitted from the sender's body rather than from scent marks. Lipocalin pheromones and carriers have a limited range of MWs, possibly to reduce the metabolic costs of their biosynthesis. Design constraints that might channel signal chemistry into patterns have been relaxed by amniote behavior and biochemistry. Amniote olfaction has such a high sensitivity, wide range and narrow resolution that signal detection imposes no practical constraints on the structures of signalling molecules. Diverse metabolic pathways in amniotes and their microbial commensals produce a wide variety of compounds as chemical signals and as matrix compounds that free signal components from the constraints of stability, vapor pressure, species-specificity etc. that would otherwise constrain what types of compound operate optimally under different conditions. C1 [Apps, Peter J.] Botswana Predator Conservat Trust, Paul G Allen Family Fdn Lab Wildlife Chem, Maun, Botswana. [Weldon, Paul J.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Kramer, Matthew] ARS, USDA, Stat Grp, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Apps, PJ (reprint author), Botswana Predator Conservat Trust, Paul G Allen Family Fdn Lab Wildlife Chem, Private Bag X13, Maun, Botswana. EM peterjapps@gmail.com; weldonp@si.edu OI Apps, Peter/0000-0002-0129-9468 FU Paul G. Allen Family Foundation FX P. J. Apps was funded by the Paul G. Allen Family Foundation, and by various private donors through Wild Entrust International and Tusk Trust. A. C. Alberts and G. M. Burghardt commented on an earlier draft of the manuscript. A. Sherman prepared the chemical structures. S. F. Cummings, C. Dentler, S. Schulz and N. Triggs provided valuable references. NR 264 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 12 U2 37 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0265-0568 EI 1460-4752 J9 NAT PROD REP JI Nat. Prod. Rep. PY 2015 VL 32 IS 7 BP 1131 EP 1153 DI 10.1039/c5np00029g PG 23 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA CL4YM UT WOS:000356964400013 PM 26100000 ER PT J AU Smith, DR Tripotin, P AF Smith, David R. Tripotin, Pierre TI Trigonalidae (Hymenoptera) of Thailand, other southeastern Asian records, and a new Trigonalys from India SO JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Trigonalid wasps; Lycogaster; Pseudogonalos; Taeniogonalos; Trigonalys AB Seven species of Trigonalidae are recorded from Thailand, Lycogaster fiavonigrata Chen, Achterberg, He & Xu, L. rufiventris (Magretti), Taeniogonalos fasciata (Strand), T. gestroi (Schulz), T. sauteri Bischoff, T. tricolor Chen, and an unidentified species. Four species, L. flavonigrata, T. cordada Chen, Achterberg, He Xu, T. sauteri, and T. tricolor are newly recorded from Laos. Diagnoses, illustrations, and distribution records are given for the Thailand species. Trigonalys india Smith, sp. n., is described from southern India for specimens previously misidentified as T. rufiventris. C1 [Smith, David R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM sawfly2@aol.com NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1070-9428 EI 1314-2607 J9 J HYMENOPT RES JI J. Hymenopt. Res. PY 2015 VL 44 BP 1 EP 18 DI 10.3897/JHR.44.4495 PG 18 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CL7GN UT WOS:000357140600001 ER PT J AU Smith, DR Eiseman, CS Charney, ND Record, S AF Smith, David R. Eiseman, Charles S. Charney, Noah D. Record, Sydne TI A new Nearctic Scolioneura (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae) mining leaves of Vaccinium (Ericaceae) SO JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Sawfly; Symphyta; leaf miner; red huckleberry; parasitoid; Braconidae ID SAWFLIES AB Scolioneura vaccinii Smith & Eiseman, sp. n., is described. It was reared from blotch mines in Vaccinium parvifolium Sm. (Ericaceae) collected in Washington State, USA. This is the first known native species of Scolioneura in the Nearctic Region and the first known sawfly leaf miner of Vaccinium as well as the order Ericales. Characters are given to separate it from other species of Scolioneura, and the life history is presented. One parasitoid, Shawiana sp. (Braconidae) was reared from the leaf mines. C1 [Smith, David R.] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, ARS, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Charney, Noah D.; Record, Sydne] Bryn Mawr Coll, Dept Biol, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, ARS, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM sawfly2@aol.com NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1070-9428 EI 1314-2607 J9 J HYMENOPT RES JI J. Hymenopt. Res. PY 2015 VL 43 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.3897/JHR.43.4546 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CL7GQ UT WOS:000357140900001 ER PT J AU Talamas, EJ Johnson, NF Buffington, M AF Talamas, Elijah J. Johnson, Norman F. Buffington, Matthew TI Key to Nearctic species of Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae), natural enemies of native and invasive stink bugs (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) SO JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Trissolcus japonicus; Trissolcus cultratus; Trissolcus flavipes; Halyommpha halys; Trissolcus; Scelionidae; biological control; identification key; egg parasitoid ID NEW-WORLD TRISSOLCUS; FLAVIPES GROUP; BASALIS; PLATYGASTROIDEA; PROCTOTRUPOIDEA; HETEROPTERA; TELENOMINAE; SYSTEMATICS; REVISION; GENUS AB Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) and T. cultratus (Mayr), comb. rev. are under study as classical biological agents to control the brown marmorated stink bug Halyomorpha halys (Stal) in North America. Here we present diagnoses for all Nearctic species of Trissolcus, including T. japonicus and T. cultratus comb. rev., and identification keys to enable separation of these species from the existing fauna. Trissolcus cultratus comb. rev, is removed from synonymy with T. flavipes. Two new species are described, Trissolcus valkyria sp. n. and T. zakotos sp. n. A neotype is designated for T. brochymenae and a lectotype is designated for T. basalis. C1 [Talamas, Elijah J.; Buffington, Matthew] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Johnson, Norman F.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. RP Talamas, EJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM elijah.talamas@ars.usda.gov FU Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA-ARS; Beneficial Insect Introduction Research Laboratory FX We are grateful to: Luciana Musetti (OSUC), Sara Hemly (OSUC), Manuela Vizek (NHMW), Hege Vardal (NHRS), Lubomir Masner (CNCI), Andy Bennett (CNCI), Tim Haye (CAB I), Kim Hoelmer (BIIRU) and Christine Dieckhoff (BIIRU) for loans and specimens deposited in USNM; David Notton (BMNH) for specimen loans and commentary on nomenclature, Joe Cora (OSUC) for critical database support and making taxonomic literature available; Istvan Miko for commentary on morphological characters; and to Ian Realo and Samantha Fitzsimmons-Schoenberger for photography and transcribing label data. This work was made possible by funding from the Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA-ARS, and the Beneficial Insect Introduction Research Laboratory. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA; USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 85 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 17 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1070-9428 EI 1314-2607 J9 J HYMENOPT RES JI J. Hymenopt. Res. PY 2015 VL 43 BP 45 EP 110 DI 10.3897/JHR.43.8560 PG 66 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CL7GQ UT WOS:000357140900004 ER PT J AU Talamas, EJ Buffington, M AF Talamas, Elijah J. Buffington, Matthew TI Synonymy of Kozlotelenomus Mineo, O'Connor & Ashe SO JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Trissolcus mopsus; Trissolcus; Kozlotelenomus; synonymy; Platygastroidea; Telenominae AB Kozlotelenomus Mineo, O'Connor & Ashe, syn. n. is treated as junior synonym of Trissolcus Ashmead; Trissolcus mopsus (Nixon), comb. rev. is transferred from Kozlotelenomus. C1 [Talamas, Elijah J.; Buffington, Matthew] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Talamas, EJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM talamas.1@osu.edu FU Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA-ARS; Beneficial Insect Introduction Research Laboratory FX We are grateful to David Notton (BMNH) for the loan of the holotype of T mopsus, to Luciana Musetti (OSUC) for the loan of T gonopsidis, to Dylan Johnston-Jordan for SEM imaging, and to Norman Johnson and Joe Cora (OSUC) for database support and making taxonomic literature available. This work was made possible by funding from the Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA-ARS, and the Beneficial Insect Introduction Research Laboratory. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity employer. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1070-9428 EI 1314-2607 J9 J HYMENOPT RES JI J. Hymenopt. Res. PY 2015 VL 43 BP 111 EP 117 DI 10.3897/JHR.43.8561 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CL7GQ UT WOS:000357140900005 ER PT J AU Talamas, EJ Herlihy, MV Dieckhoff, C Hoelmer, KA Buffington, ML Bon, MC Weber, DC AF Talamas, Elijah J. Herlihy, Megan V. Dieckhoff, Christine Hoelmer, Kim A. Buffington, Matthew L. Bon, Marie-Claude Weber, Donald C. TI Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) emerges in North America SO JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Trissolcus japonicus; Halyomorpha halys; Trissolcus; Scelionidae; biological control; egg parasitoid ID HOST-RANGE; PENTATOMIDAE; HETEROPTERA; BIOLOGY; CHINA AB Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) is an Asian egg parasitoid of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stal). It has been under study in U.S. quarantine facilities since 2007 to evaluate its efficacy as a candidate classical biological control agent and its host specificity with regard to the pentatomid fauna native to the United States. A survey of resident egg parasitoids conducted in 2014 with sentinel egg masses of H. halys revealed that T. japonicus was already present in the wild in Beltsville, MD. Seven parasitized egg masses were recovered, of which six yielded live T japonicus adults. All of these were in a wooded habitat, whereas egg masses placed in nearby soybean fields and an abandoned apple orchard showed no T japonicus parasitism. How T japonicus came to that site is unknown and presumed accidental. C1 [Talamas, Elijah J.; Buffington, Matthew L.] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Herlihy, Megan V.; Weber, Donald C.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC West, Beltsville, MD USA. [Dieckhoff, Christine] Univ Delaware, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, Newark, DE USA. [Dieckhoff, Christine; Hoelmer, Kim A.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE USA. [Bon, Marie-Claude] USDA ARS, European Biol Control Lab, Montpellier, France. RP Talamas, EJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM elijah.talamas@ars.usda.gov FU Systematic Entomology Laboratory; Beneficial Insect Introduction Research Laboratory; Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory FX We are grateful to Norman Johnson and Joe Cora (OSUC) for database support and making taxonomic literature available. We thank also Abby Rosenberg, Emma Thrift, and Nate Erwin, who assisted with rearing and field work in Maryland; Mary Cornelius and Matthew Greenstone (USDA/ARS/IIBBL) for generously sharing their field results from related sentinel egg studies in Maryland and the District of Columbia; and Sonja Scheffer (USDA/ARS/SEL) for DNA extraction and sequencing. This work was made possible by funding from the Systematic Entomology Laboratory, the Beneficial Insect Introduction Research Laboratory, and the Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA; USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 13 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 37 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1070-9428 EI 1314-2607 J9 J HYMENOPT RES JI J. Hymenopt. Res. PY 2015 VL 43 BP 119 EP 128 DI 10.3897/JHR.43.4661 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CL7GQ UT WOS:000357140900006 ER PT J AU Rabeler, RK Wagner, WL AF Rabeler, Richard K. Wagner, Warren L. TI Eremogone (Caryophyllaceae): new combinations for Old World species SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Eremogone; Arenaria; Caryophyllaceae AB Twenty-one new combinations in Eremogone (Eremogoneae, Caryophyllaceae) are proposed to accommodate placement of all Old World taxa of Arenaria subg. Eremogone and Eremogoneastrum within Eremogone. C1 [Rabeler, Richard K.] Univ Michigan Herbarium EEB, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. [Wagner, Warren L.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Rabeler, RK (reprint author), Univ Michigan Herbarium EEB, 3600 Vars Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. EM rabeler@umich.edu NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2015 VL 50 BP 35 EP 42 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.50.4736 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CL2PY UT WOS:000356787700001 ER PT J AU Valdespino, IA Heringer, G Salino, A Goes-Neto, LAD Ceballos, J AF Valdespino, Ivan A. Heringer, Gustavo Salino, Alexandre de Araujo Goes-Neto, Luiz A. Ceballos, Jorge TI Seven new species of Selaginella subg. Stachygynandrum (Selaginellaceae) from Brazil and new synonyms for the genus SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Atlantic Rainforest; Chapada Diamantina; Chapada dos Guimaraes; Espinhaco Mountain Range; Mucuge; Serra do Sincora ID STATE AB We describe seven new species of Selaginella subg. Stachygynandrum (S. alstonii, S. blepharodella, S. crinita, S. mucronata, S. mucugensis, S. saltuicola, and S. sematophylla) from Brazil and discuss their possible affinities and conservation status. Scanning electron micrographs of stem sections, leaves, and spores are provided to illustrate the new taxa. In Selaginella alstonii and S. saltuicola vegetative growth from strobilus tips is reported and discussed. Four of the new species are from the Espinhaco Mountain Range associated with Campos Rupestres (montane savannah/rocky fields) vegetation. Three of these (i.e., Selaginella blepharodella, S. crinita, and S. mucugensis) were collected in the northern part of the range in Chapada Diamantina, state of Bahia, while S. alstonii is from the southern part of the range in the state of Minas Gerais. Selaginella mucronata is found in Atlantic Rainforest vegetation in the state of Espirito Santo, whereas S. saltuicola inhabits Cerrado (tropical savannah) vegetation in the state of Mato Grosso. Selaginella sematophylla is the most widely distributed of the new species and was collected in Espirito Santo, Minas Gerais, and Rio de Janeiro states in Campos Rupestres and Atlantic Rainforest vegetation. Selaginella alstonii occurs in rocky caves, S. blepharodella, S. crinita, S. mucugensis, and S. sematophylla seem adapted to seasonally dry places, living on sandy or humid soils, S. mucronata occupies humid, forest understory, and S. saltuicola is adapted to wet places associated with rocks or logs in waterfalls. Of the seven new species, six are considered local endemics (except for S. sematophylla) because of their restricted currently known distributions to one or two localities within a single state in Brazil. Additionally, we propose new synonymy for S. palmiformis (syn. = S. bahiensis subsp. manausensis, S. manausensis) and S. vestiens (syn. = S. fragillima); the last species is endemic to Brazil, recorded in the states of Goias and Minas Gerais. Finally, based on literature discussed and this study, we conclude that the number of well-documented Brazilian Selaginella species is 61, of which 58 are native and three introduced and naturalized. These statistics are likely to change with further work on Selaginella from Brazil. C1 [Valdespino, Ivan A.] Univ Panama, Fac Ciencias Nat Exactas & Tecnol, Dept Bot, Panama City, Panama. [Heringer, Gustavo] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Biol Vegetal, Posgrad Bot, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Salino, Alexandre; de Araujo Goes-Neto, Luiz A.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Bot, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Ceballos, Jorge] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Valdespino, IA (reprint author), Univ Panama, Fac Ciencias Nat Exactas & Tecnol, Dept Bot, Apartado Postal 0824-00073, Panama City, Panama. EM iavaldespino@gmail.com FU Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [Proc. 308520/2011-4, 475096/2012-6]; Fundacao Grupo Boticario FX We thank the curators of B, BHCB, BM, CAS, CEPEC, CESJ, COL, G, GH, INPA, K, MG, MO, NY, P, PMA, QCA, R, RB, UC, US, and W who made collections available and have kindly allowed their study by the senior author over an extended period of time. We are most grateful to Claudia Franca Barros (RB) who was instrumental in arranging shipment of herbarium specimens from R for study by the senior author and Claudine Mynssen who confirmed the existence of type material at RB. Brigitte Zimmer (B) was most generous with her time and logistical support while the senior author consulted the herbarium. We are indebted to John Pruski (MO) for providing needed literature, as well as to George Yatskievych (MO) and Christopher Gioia for revising the English text and making useful suggestions to improve the paper. Part of the research on which this paper is based was conducted while the senior author was a Herbarium Graduate Fellow at the New York Botanical Garden, a Tilton Postdoctoral Fellow at the Botany Department of the California Academy of Sciences, and a Research Associate of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) in Panama and at the Botany Department of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History, Washington. We thank the staffs of these institutions for their support. Darrell Ubick from the California Academy of Sciences provided invaluable assistance during the earlier part of the SEM aspects of this study, while Pedro Argudo helped prepare illustrations and Christian Lopez aided with spore measurements. The dean's office of the Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences and Technology, as well as the Vice-president's office of Research and Graduate Programs of the University of Panama provided logistical and institutional support. Salino, Heringer, and Goes-Neto thank the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) and the Graduate Program in Plant Biology Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais for scholarships to Heringer and Goes-Neto, and to the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) for grants (Proc. 308520/2011-4 and 475096/2012-6), as well as to the Fundacao Grupo Boticario for financial support for field trips in Brazil. Finally, we thank Alan R. Smith for his helpful review of the manuscript. NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 5 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2015 VL 50 BP 61 EP 99 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.50.4873 PG 39 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CL2PY UT WOS:000356787700003 ER PT B AU Hollinger, RE Jacobs, H AF Hollinger, R. Eric Jacobs, Harold BE Kan, S TI A Killer Whale Comes Home Neil Kuxdei woogoot, Keet S'aaxw, Mark Jacobs Jr., and the Repatriation of a Clan Crest Hat from the Smithsonian Institution SO SHARING OUR KNOWLEDGE: THE TLINGIT AND THEIR COASTAL NEIGHBORS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Tsimshian, Haida, and Tlingit Tribes and Clans CY MAR 21-25, 2007 CL Sitka, AK C1 [Hollinger, R. Eric] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Midwest Northeast Great Basin & Calif Repatriat P, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Jacobs, Harold] Cent Council Tlingit & Haida Tribes Alaska, Juneau, AK USA. RP Hollinger, RE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Midwest Northeast Great Basin & Calif Repatriat P, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV NEBRASKA PRESS PI LINCOLN PA 1111 LINCOLN MALL, LINCOLN, NE 68588-0630 USA BN 978-0-8032-6674-2; 978-0-8032-4056-8 PY 2015 BP 483 EP 495 PG 13 WC Anthropology SC Anthropology GA BC8OC UT WOS:000355927700022 ER PT S AU Harlow, GE Tsujimori, T Sorensen, SS AF Harlow, George E. Tsujimori, Tatsuki Sorensen, Sorena S. BE Jeanloz, R Freeman, KH TI Jadeitites and Plate Tectonics SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES, VOL 43 SE Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE high-pressure/low-temperature rocks; fluid-mediated transport; serpentinite melange; subduction processes ID NISHISONOGI METAMORPHIC ROCKS; SUBDUCTION-ZONE FLUIDS; MOTAGUA FAULT ZONE; U-PB AGES; MYANMAR JADEITITE; ZIRCON GEOCHRONOLOGY; HIGH-PRESSURE; HF ISOTOPE; GUATEMALA; MANTLE AB Jadeitite is a relatively rare, very tough rock composed predominantly of jadeite and typically found associated with tectonic blocks of high-pressure/low-temperature metabasaltic rocks (e.g., eclogite, blueschist) in exhumed serpentinite-matrix melanges. Studies over the past similar to 20 years have interpreted jadeitite either as the direct hydrous fluid precipitate from subduction channel dewatering into the overlying mantle wedge or as the metasomatic replacement by such fluids of oceanic plagiogranite, graywacke, or metabasite along the channel margin. Thus, jadeitites directly sample and record fluid transport in the subduction factory and provide a window into this geochemical process that is critical to a major process in the Earth system. They record the remarkable transport of large ion lithophile elements, such as Li, Ba, Sr, and Pb, as well as elements generally considered more refractory, such as U, Th, Zr, and Hf. Jadeitite is also the precious form of jade, utilized since antiquity in the form of tools, adornments, and symbols of prestige. C1 [Harlow, George E.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Tsujimori, Tatsuki] Okayama Univ, Inst Study Earths Interior, Pheasant Mem Lab, Misasa, Tottori 6820193, Japan. [Sorensen, Sorena S.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Harlow, GE (reprint author), Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, New York, NY 10024 USA. EM gharlow@amnh.org; tatsukix@misasa.okayama-u.ac.jp; sorensen@si.edu RI Tsujimori, Tatsuki/D-2677-2009 OI Tsujimori, Tatsuki/0000-0001-9202-7312 NR 130 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 17 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0084-6597 BN 978-0-8243-2043-0 J9 ANNU REV EARTH PL SC JI Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. PY 2015 VL 43 BP 105 EP 138 DI 10.1146/annurev-earth-060614-105215 PG 34 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology GA BC8KX UT WOS:000355760100005 ER PT S AU Zellmer, GF Hwang, SL Sakamoto, N Iizuka, Y Harada, S Kimura, JI Tamura, Y Yurimoto, H AF Zellmer, Georg F. Hwang, Shyh-Lung Sakamoto, Naoya Iizuka, Yoshiyuki Harada, Sakiko Kimura, Jun-Ichi Tamura, Yoshihiko Yurimoto, Hisayoshi BE Zellmer, GF Edmonds, M Straub, SM TI Interaction of arc magmas with subvolcanic hydrothermal systems: insights from compositions and metasomatic textures of olivine crystals in fresh basalts of Daisen and Mengameyama, Western Honshu, Japan SO ROLE OF VOLATILES IN THE GENESIS, EVOLUTION AND ERUPTION OF ARC MAGMAS SE Geological Society Special Publication LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES; PLUMBING SYSTEM; SUBDUCTION ZONE; SOUTHWEST JAPAN; MELT INCLUSIONS; SW JAPAN; VOLCANO; ORIGIN; ROCKS; PLAGIOCLASE AB Pleistocene basalts from Daisen and Mengameyama in the SW Japan volcanic arc of western Honshu are characterized by an abundance of olivine crystals with Fe-rich rims. At Daisen, these have previously been interpreted to have formed from their host melt by equilibrium crystal fractionation and by disequilibrium fractionation during supercooling. Here we use combined electron probe microanalysis, isotopography, transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction to show that crystal rims are significantly enriched in aluminium (up to c. 1 wt%) and hydrogen (up to c. 10 000 ppm) hosted in oriented low-density amorphous domains. These domains are interpreted to have formed by melting of deuteric and/or post-deuteric metasomatic alteration minerals upon uptake of older olivine crystals into fresh, initially aphyric host melts up to a few hours prior to eruption. It is argued that uptake of variably altered crystals into initially aphyric or sparsely phyric melts may be a common process at subduction zones, and can account for typical disequilibrium textures displayed by arc magmas erupted in SW Japan and elsewhere. Analyses of the altered crystal cargo in arc volcanic rocks therefore provides an important tool for understanding subvolcanic hydrothermal systems and the interaction of ascending melts with such systems. C1 [Zellmer, Georg F.] Massey Univ, Inst Agr & Environm, Soil & Earth Sci Grp, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. [Zellmer, Georg F.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Hwang, Shyh-Lung] Natl Dong Hwa Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Shoufeng 97401, Hualien, Taiwan. [Sakamoto, Naoya; Yurimoto, Hisayoshi] Hokkaido Univ, Isotope Imaging Lab, Dept Nat Hist Sci, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan. [Iizuka, Yoshiyuki] Acad Sinica, Inst Earth Sci, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. [Harada, Sakiko] Shimane Univ, Dept Geosci, Matsue, Shimane 6908504, Japan. [Kimura, Jun-Ichi; Tamura, Yoshihiko] JAMSTEC, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan. RP Zellmer, GF (reprint author), Massey Univ, Inst Agr & Environm, Soil & Earth Sci Grp, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand. EM g.f.zellmer@massey.ac.nz OI Zellmer, Georg/0000-0001-5450-9353 NR 64 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC PUBLISHING HOUSE PI BATH PA UNIT 7, BRASSMILL ENTERPRISE CTR, BRASSMILL LANE, BATH BA1 3JN, AVON, ENGLAND SN 0305-8719 BN 978-1-86239-689-0 J9 GEOL SOC SPEC PUBL JI Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. PY 2015 VL 410 BP 219 EP 236 DI 10.1144/SP410.1 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology GA BC8IF UT WOS:000355694800010 ER PT S AU McGovern, PJ Grosfils, EB Galgana, GA Morgan, JK Rumpf, ME Smith, JR Zimbelman, JR AF McGovern, Patrick J. Grosfils, Eric B. Galgana, Gerald A. Morgan, Julia K. Rumpf, M. Elise Smith, John R. Zimbelman, James R. BE Platz, T Massironi, M Byrne, PK Hiesinger, H TI Lithospheric flexure and volcano basal boundary conditions: keys to the structural evolution of large volcanic edifices on the terrestrial planets SO VOLCANISM AND TECTONISM ACROSS THE INNER SOLAR SYSTEM SE Geological Society Special Publication LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID OLYMPUS MONS AUREOLE; ABYSSAL HILL MORPHOLOGY; MOBILE SOUTH FLANK; CANARY-ISLANDS; INDIAN-OCEAN; HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; REUNION-ISLAND; LA-PALMA; ELASTIC THICKNESS; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE AB Large volcanic edifices constitute enormous loads at the surfaces of planets. The lithosphere, the mechanically strong outer layer of a planet, responds to growing edifice loads by flexing. The shape of this lithospheric flexure and the resulting stress state exert critical influences on the structure of the evolving edifices, which in turn feed back into the flexural response. Flexural subsidence of the lithosphere forms topographical moats surrounding volcanoes that are partially to completely filled by landslide debris, volcaniclastic materials and sediments, or by relatively flat aprons of volcanic flows. Flexure creates a characteristic 'dipole' state of stress that influences subsequent magma ascent paths and chamber dynamics in the lithosphere. Compression in the upper lithosphere can inhibit magma ascent and favour the development of oblate magma chambers or sill complexes. This compression can be transferred into the edifice unless a decollement allows the volcano base to slip over the underlying lithosphere; generally, basal decollements are found to operate via high pore-fluid pressure in a clay sediment-based layer. Volcanoes lacking such a layer, regardless of the thickness of the basal sediments, lack basal decollements and, thus, tend to be limited in size by compressive stresses adverse to magma ascent. C1 [McGovern, Patrick J.; Galgana, Gerald A.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Grosfils, Eric B.] Pomona Coll, Dept Geol, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. [Galgana, Gerald A.] AIR Worldwide, Boston, MA 02116 USA. [Morgan, Julia K.] Rice Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Rumpf, M. Elise] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Smith, John R.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, HURL, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Zimbelman, James R.] Smithsonian Inst, MRC 315, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP McGovern, PJ (reprint author), Univ Space Res Assoc, Lunar & Planetary Inst, Houston, TX 77058 USA. EM mcgovern@lpi.usra.edu OI McGovern, Patrick/0000-0001-9647-3096 NR 120 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC PUBLISHING HOUSE PI BATH PA UNIT 7, BRASSMILL ENTERPRISE CTR, BRASSMILL LANE, BATH BA1 3JN, AVON, ENGLAND SN 0305-8719 BN 978-1-86239-632-6 J9 GEOL SOC SPEC PUBL JI Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. PY 2015 VL 401 BP 219 EP 237 DI 10.1144/SP401.7 PG 19 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology GA BC9EB UT WOS:000356369300013 ER PT J AU Smith, ND Ksepka, DT AF Smith, Nathan D. Ksepka, Daniel T. TI Five well-supported fossil calibrations within the "Waterbird" assemblage (Tetrapoda, Aves) SO PALAEONTOLOGIA ELECTRONICA LA English DT Article DE Aves; Pelecaniformes; fossil calibrations; phylogeny; molecular clock ID SPECIES DIVERGENCE TIMES; GREEN RIVER FORMATION; MIDDLE EOCENE; LATE OLIGOCENE; MODERN BIRDS; PHALACROCORACOIDEA CORMORANTS; CRETACEOUS ORIGIN; MOLECULAR CLOCK; CLIMATE-CHANGE; EARLY MIOCENE AB The "waterbird" assemblage is a group of aquatic and semi-aquatic birds that are characterized by extremely diverse morphologies, ecologies, and life histories. The group also includes fossil representatives that constitute some of the oldest records of Neoaves and are critical to calibrating the temporal diversification of modern birds. Herein, we provide a set of five well-supported fossil calibrations from the waterbird clade that will serve to provide robust temporal calibrations for the origins of: stem Phaethontes (tropicbirds); stem Threskiornithidae (ibises and spoonbills); stem Pelecanidae (pelicans); stem Fregatidae (frigatebirds); and stem Phalacrocoracidae (cormorants). We apply stringent criteria to justify both the phylogenetic placement and geochronologic context of these specimens, and discuss potentially older records to help focus future research and collection. The fossils described here affirm previous studies in recognizing that most major cladogenetic splits within the waterbird assemblage occurred by the Eocene, supporting interpretations of both rapid lineage diversification of waterbirds in the early Paleogene, and also the rapid establishment of body plans and possibly ecologically relevant morphologies during this time period. C1 [Smith, Nathan D.] Howard Univ, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Smith, Nathan D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Ksepka, Daniel T.] Bruce Museum, Greenwich, CT 06830 USA. RP Smith, ND (reprint author), Howard Univ, Dept Biol, 415 Coll St NW, Washington, DC 20059 USA. EM nathan.smith@howard.edu; dksepka@brucemuseum.org FU Field Museum of Natural History Brown Family Graduate Fellowship [NSF DEB-0808250, NSF DEB-1331980]; National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NESCent) [NSF EF-0423641]; NESCent Synthesizing and Databasing Fossil Calibrations Working Group (NSF) [NSF EF-0905606] FX For access to collections, we thank the following people: B. Breithaupt, T. Chesser, J. Dean, R. Eng, R. Faucett, M. Florence, L. Grande, M. Hennen, P. Holroyd, H. James, S. Olson, P. Scofield, C. Sidor, B. Simpson, P. Tubaro, D. Willard, and C. Wood. We are indebted to T. Stidham for providing access to his in press manuscript describing new Limnofregata material. This manuscript also benefited from the comments of Palaeontologia Electronica editor P. David Polly and three anonymous reviewers. We also thank R. Irmis and J. Parham for support and discussion. This research was supported by the Field Museum of Natural History Brown Family Graduate Fellowship, NSF DEB-0808250, and NSF DEB-1331980 to N.D. Smith, a Postdoctoral Fellowship to D.T. Ksepka supported by the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NESCent), NSF EF-0423641, and the NESCent Synthesizing and Databasing Fossil Calibrations Working Group (NSF EF-0905606). NR 136 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 8 PU COQUINA PRESS PI AMHERST PA C/O WHITEY HAGADORN, EXECUTIVE EDITOR, AMHERST COLLEGE, DEPT GEOLOGY, AMHERST, MA 01002 USA SN 1935-3952 EI 1094-8074 J9 PALAEONTOL ELECTRON JI Palaeontol. electron. PY 2015 VL 18 IS 1 AR 7FC PG 21 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA CJ6JI UT WOS:000355599700004 ER PT J AU Herman, RDK AF Herman, R. D. K. TI "Something Savage and Luxuriant": American Identity and the Indian Place-Name Literature SO AMERICAN INDIAN CULTURE AND RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 Smithsonian Natl Museum Amer Indian, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Herman, RDK (reprint author), Smithsonian Natl Museum Amer Indian, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU U C L A, AMER INDIAN STUDIES CENTER PI LOS ANGELES PA 3220 CAMPBELL HALL, BOX 951548, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095-1548 USA SN 0161-6463 J9 AM INDIAN CULT RES J JI Am. Indian Cult. Res. J. PY 2015 VL 39 IS 1 BP 25 EP 46 PG 22 WC History SC History GA CI8WV UT WOS:000355053300002 ER PT B AU Darling, L Grace, C AF Darling, Lynn Grace, Cathy BE Saracho, ON TI USING OBSERVATIONAL ASSESSMENT IN CONDUCTING RESEARCH WITH YOUNG CHILDREN IN CLASSROOM SETTINGS SO HANDBOOK OF RESEARCH METHODS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION: REVIEW OF RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES, VOL II SE Contemporary Perspectives in Early Childhood Education LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Darling, Lynn] Smithsonian Inst, Amer Hist Museum, Smithsonian Early Enrichment Ctr, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Darling, Lynn] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Darling, Lynn] Mississippi State Univ, Early Childhood Inst, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Grace, Cathy] Gilmore Early Learning Initiat, Early Childhood Educ, Amory, MS USA. [Grace, Cathy] Early Childhood Policy Childrens Def Fund, Washington, DC USA. [Grace, Cathy] Mississippi State Univ, Educ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Grace, Cathy] Early Childhood Inst Mississippi State, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. [Grace, Cathy] Mississippi Dept Educ, Mississippi State, MS USA. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INFORMATION AGE PUBLISHING-IAP PI CHARLOTTE PA PO BOX 79049, CHARLOTTE, NC 28271-7047 USA BN 978-1-62396-613-3; 978-1-62396-614-0 J9 CONTEMP PERSPECT EAR PY 2015 BP 55 EP 74 PG 20 WC Education & Educational Research; Psychology, Educational SC Education & Educational Research; Psychology GA BC4ZR UT WOS:000353069200003 ER PT J AU Wagner, WL Hoch, PC Zarucchi, JL AF Wagner, Warren L. Hoch, Peter C. Zarucchi, James L. TI The correct name in Oenothera for Gaura drummondii (Onagraceae) SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Gaura drummondii; Gaura hispida; Oenothera hispida; Oenothera xenogaura; nomenclature ID SEQUENCE DATA AB In 2007, Wagner and Hoch proposed the new name Oenothera xenogaura W.L. Wagner & Hoch for the species then known as Gaura drummondii (Spach) Torrey & A. Gray (non O. drummondii Hooker, 1834). However, the authors overlooked the availability of Gaura hispida Bentham (1840) for this species. Accordingly, we herewith make the appropriate new combination for this species, O. hispida (Bentham) W.L. Wagner, Hoch & Zarucchi, and place O. xenogaura in synonymy. C1 [Wagner, Warren L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 166, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hoch, Peter C.; Zarucchi, James L.] Missouri Bot Garden, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. RP Wagner, WL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 166, Dept Bot, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM wagnerw@si.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2015 VL 50 BP 25 EP 29 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.50.4886 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CJ0YI UT WOS:000355206400003 ER PT J AU Hoch, PC Wagner, WL Raven, PH AF Hoch, Peter C. Wagner, Warren L. Raven, Peter H. TI The correct name for a section of Ludwigia L. (Onagraceae) SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Ludwigia; Jussiaea; sect. Oligospermum; nomenclature AB In 1953, Hara provided new combinations for many sectional and species names when he combined Jussiaea L. with Ludwigia L., and at the time, Ludwigia sect. Oligospermum (Micheli) H. Hara was the correct name for one well-defined section. However, subsequent changes to/clarifications of the botanical code have necessitated a change for that name in that now an autonym is treated as having priority over the name or names of the same date and rank that established it. Since Hara's combination was based on Jussiaea sect. Oligospermum Micheli, the correct name for this section is Ludwigia sect. Jussiaea (L.) Hoch, W.L. Wagner, & P.H. Raven. C1 [Hoch, Peter C.; Raven, Peter H.] Missouri Bot Garden, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. [Wagner, Warren L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 166, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Hoch, PC (reprint author), Missouri Bot Garden, POB 299, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. EM peter.hoch@mobot.org NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2015 VL 50 BP 30 EP 33 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.50.4887 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CJ0YI UT WOS:000355206400004 ER PT J AU Konstantinov, AS Linzmeier, AM Clark, SM Ivie, MA AF Konstantinov, Alexander S. Linzmeier, Adelita M. Clark, Shawn M. Ivie, Michael A. TI Review of the West Indian genus Monotalla Bechyne (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae, Alticini) with description of five new species SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Review DE New species; flea beetles; West Indies; leaf litter; moss AB The West Indian genus Monotalla Bechyne is reviewed, redescribed and illustrated. Five new species are added: Monotalla dominica sp. n. (Dominica); M. lecticofolia sp. n. (St. Lucia); M. maierae sp. n. (St. Lucia); M. obrienorum sp. n. (Grenada); and M. viridis sp. n. (St. Lucia). A key to Monotalla species is provided. C1 [Konstantinov, Alexander S.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Smithsonian Inst,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Linzmeier, Adelita M.] Univ Fed Fronteira Sul UFFS, Realeza, PR, Brazil. [Clark, Shawn M.] Brigham Young Univ, Monte L Bean Life Sci Museum, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Ivie, Michael A.] Montana State Univ, Montana Entomol Collect, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Konstantinov, AS (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Smithsonian Inst,Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM alex.konstantinov@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 505 BP 117 EP 136 DI 10.3897/zookeys.505.9434 PG 20 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CJ1QA UT WOS:000355257600007 PM 26052242 ER PT J AU Sauther, ML Gould, L Cuozzo, FP O'Mara, MT AF Sauther, Michelle L. Gould, Lisa Cuozzo, Frank P. O'Mara, M. Teague TI Ring-Tailed Lemurs: A Species Re-Imagined SO FOLIA PRIMATOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE Lemur catta; Ecology; Behaviour; Health; Long-term studies; Conservation ID CATTA; MADAGASCAR AB For over 50 years, ring-tailed lemurs have been studied continuously in the wild. As one of the most long-studied primate species, the length and breadth of their study is comparable to research on Japanese macaques, baboons and chimpanzees. They are also one of the most broadly observed of all primates, with comprehensive research conducted on their behaviour, biology, ecology, genetics, palaeobiology and life history. However, over the last decade, a new generation of lemur scholars, working in conjunction with researchers who have spent decades studying this species, have greatly enhanced our knowledge of ring-tailed lemurs. In addition, research on this species has expanded beyond traditional gallery forest habitats to now include high altitude, spiny thicket, rocky outcrop and anthropogenically disturbed coastal forest populations. The focus of this special volume is to 're-imagine' the 'flagship species of Madagascar', bringing together three generations of lemur scholars. (C) 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Sauther, Michelle L.] Univ Colorado, Dept Anthropol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Cuozzo, Frank P.] Univ N Dakota, Dept Anthropol, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Gould, Lisa] Univ Victoria, Dept Anthropol, Victoria, BC, Canada. [O'Mara, M. Teague] Univ Konstanz, Zukunftskolleg, Constance, Germany. [O'Mara, M. Teague] Univ Konstanz, Dept Biol, Constance, Germany. [O'Mara, M. Teague] Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Dept Migrat & Imnnuno Ecol, Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany. [O'Mara, M. Teague] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Sauther, ML (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Anthropol, 1350 Pleasant St, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM sauther@colorado.edu OI O'Mara, M. Teague/0000-0002-6951-1648 NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 42 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0015-5713 EI 1421-9980 J9 FOLIA PRIMATOL JI Folia Primatol. PY 2015 VL 86 IS 1-2 BP 5 EP 13 DI 10.1159/000370321 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CI8WK UT WOS:000355052200001 PM 26022295 ER PT J AU O'Mara, MT AF O'Mara, M. Teague TI Ecological Risk Aversion and Juvenile Ring-Tailed Lemur Feeding and Foraging SO FOLIA PRIMATOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE Life history; Feeding ecology; Lemur catta; Predation; Ontogeny ID MONKEYS SAIMIRI-SCIUREUS; MAHAFALY SPECIAL RESERVE; LIFE-HISTORY; CAPUCHIN MONKEYS; CEBUS-OLIVACEUS; AGE-DIFFERENCES; SEX-DIFFERENCES; MADAGASCAR; CATTA; ACQUISITION AB The extended primate juvenile period has been linked to interactions between feeding ecology and sociality. However, accumulating field data on juvenile primates suggest variation in the linkages between foraging efficiency, group foraging and social behaviour. In many non-human primates, juvenile ability (strength, coordination and motor skills) does not limit foraging success. If predicted limitations in feeding are not found in juvenile monkeys, it is possible that the gregarious strepsirrhines may show foraging patterns similar to those implicated in the evolution of a life history where long juvenile periods are advantageous. To test these behavioural predictions, I present a mixed longitudinal sample of observations on feeding and foraging behaviour from ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) at the Reza Mahafaly Special Reserve, Madagascar. Like several platyrrhine species, close proximity during foraging, low feeding efficiency and low dietary diversity are not typical of ring-tailed lemurs. The lack of ecological trade-offs in these species may indicate stronger common roles of sociality and social complexity in structuring the elongation of the primate juvenile period. (C) 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [O'Mara, M. Teague] Univ Konstanz, Zukunftskolleg & Dept Biol, Constance, Germany. [O'Mara, M. Teague] Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Dept Migrat & lmmunoecol, Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany. [O'Mara, M. Teague] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP O'Mara, MT (reprint author), Univ Konstanz, Obstberg 1, DE-78315 Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany. EM tomara@orn.mpg.de OI O'Mara, M. Teague/0000-0002-6951-1648 FU NSF DDIG [BCS 0851761]; J. William Fulbright Foundation; Sigma Xi and its Arizona State University chapter; ASU Graduate and Professional Students Association; ASU School of Human Evolution and Social Change FX I would like to thank Leanne Nash for comments on project design and Cathriona Hickey, Ayden Sherritt, Paul Stephen and Andy Fogel for help with data collection. Michelle Sauther, Frank Cuozzo, Ibrahim Antho Youssouf Jacky, Andry Randrianandrasana, Jeannin Ranaivonasy, Benjamin Andriamihaja, Alison Richard, Robert Dewar and the staff at Beza Mahafaly and MICET facilitated logistics. I would also like to thank Leanne Nash, Michelle Bezanson, Stephanie Meredith, Kate Ihle and two anonymous reviewers for comments that improved this work. This work was supported by an NSF DDIG (BCS 0851761), J. William Fulbright Foundation, Sigma Xi and its Arizona State University chapter, the ASU Graduate and Professional Students Association, and the ASU School of Human Evolution and Social Change. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 18 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0015-5713 EI 1421-9980 J9 FOLIA PRIMATOL JI Folia Primatol. PY 2015 VL 86 IS 1-2 BP 96 EP 105 DI 10.1159/000368275 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CI8WK UT WOS:000355052200011 PM 26022305 ER PT S AU McCarthy, MC AF McCarthy, Michael C. BE Simos, TE Maroulis, G TI Molecular Ions in the Laboratory and in Space SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING 2010 (ICCMSE-2010) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering (ICCMSE) CY OCT 03-08, 2010 CL Kos, GREECE SP European Soc Computat Methods Sci, Engn & Technol DE Molecular ions; rotational spectroscopy; radio astronomy; ISM: molecules; molecular data ID VIBRATIONALLY EXCITED C6H; DENSE INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; NEGATIVE-IONS; LINE SURVEY; ASTRONOMICAL IDENTIFICATION; AB-INITIO; ORION-KL; IRC+10216; ANIONS; C8H AB Molecular ions play a central role in the gas-phase chemistry of the interstellar medium; they also provide information on the physical conditions in astronomical sources (e.g., fractional ionization), and in some cases can be used to infer the abundance of nonpolar molecules such as N-2 and CO2 which can not be observed in the radio band. During the past four years, the rotational spectra of six carbon-chain anions (C2H, C4H, C6H, C8H, CN, C3N), NCO and seven protonated species (HSCO+, HSCS+, cis- and trans-HOSO+, H2NCO+, HNCOH+, and HNNO+) have been detected in our laboratory. On the basis of dedicated astronomical searches, all of the carbon-chain anions except C2H have now been identified in space. In addition to highlighting recent work on carbon-chain anions and protonated HSO, efforts to better understand the distribution of anions in space using C6H as a tracer for negative charge are described. C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP McCarthy, MC (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1282-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2015 VL 1642 BP 354 EP 357 DI 10.1063/1.4906692 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BC7GK UT WOS:000354845400065 ER PT S AU Lattanzi, V Gottlieb, CA Thaddeus, P Thorwirth, S McCarthy, MC AF Lattanzi, Valerio Gottlieb, Carl A. Thaddeus, Patrick Thorwirth, Sven McCarthy, Michael C. BE Simos, TE Maroulis, G TI Laboratory Study of Isocyanic Acid Ions: Rotational Spectroscopy of NCO-, H2NCO+, and HNCOH+ SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING 2010 (ICCMSE-2010) SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering (ICCMSE) CY OCT 03-08, 2010 CL Kos, GREECE SP European Soc Computat Methods Sci, Engn & Technol DE Molecular ions; rotational spectroscopy; radio astronomy; ISM: molecules; molecular data ID DENSE INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; ASTRONOMICAL IDENTIFICATION; SPECTRA; ANION; STATE; CN AB We report detection of protonated isocyanic acid in two isomeric forms, H2NCO+ and HNCOH+, by highresolution spectroscopy. The two ions were first observed at centimeter wavelengths by Fourier Transform (FT) microwave spectroscopy, in a discharge through HNCO heavily diluted in hydrogen in the throat of a supersonic nozzle. Spectroscopic constants derived from the two lowest rotational transitions of both isomers agree very well with those derived from theoretical structures computed at the coupled cluster level of theory. In the same molecular beam, the fundamental rotational transition of NCO- was observed with well-resolved nitrogen quadrupole hyperfine structure. Detection of NCO- and H2NCO+ in our beam was subsequently confirmed by observation of several millimeter-wave transitions in a low pressure discharge through cyanogen and water, The spectroscopic constants of NCO- obtained earlier by infrared laser spectroscopy are in good agreement with the highly accurate constants derived here. Owing to the high abundance of HNCO in many galactic molecular sources, both ions are excellent candidates for astronomical detection in the radio band. C1 [Lattanzi, Valerio; Gottlieb, Carl A.; Thaddeus, Patrick; McCarthy, Michael C.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lattanzi, Valerio; Gottlieb, Carl A.; Thaddeus, Patrick; McCarthy, Michael C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Thorwirth, Sven] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, Cologne, Germany. [Thorwirth, Sven] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. RP Lattanzi, V (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-1282-8 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2015 VL 1642 BP 358 EP 361 DI 10.1063/1.4906693 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA BC7GK UT WOS:000354845400066 ER PT J AU Slot, M Kitajima, K AF Slot, Martijn Kitajima, Kaoru TI Whole-plant respiration and its temperature sensitivity during progressive carbon starvation SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ardisia crenata; carbohydrate storage; global warming; plant carbon balance; respiratory substrate depletion ID LEAF RESPIRATION; ALTERNATIVE OXIDASE; THERMAL-ACCLIMATION; TROPICAL FOREST; SHADE; NITROGEN; CANOPY; GROWTH; LEAVES; TREES AB Plant respiration plays a critical role in the C balance of plants. Respiration is highly temperature sensitive and small temperature-induced increases in whole-plant respiration could change the C balance of plants that operate close to their light-compensation points from positive to negative. Nonstructural carbohydrates are thought to play an important role in controlling respiration and its temperature sensitivity, but this role has not been studied at the whole-plant level. We measured respiration of whole Ardisia crenata Sims. seedlings and tested the hypothesis that darkness-induced C starvation would decrease the temperature sensitivity of whole-plant respiration. Compared with control plants, sugar and starch concentrations in darkened plants declined over time in all organs. Similarly, whole-plant respiration decreased. However, the temperature sensitivity of whole-plant respiration, expressed as the proportional increase in respiration per 10 degrees C warming (Q(10)), increased with progressive C starvation. We hypothesise that growth respiration was suppressed in darkened plants and that whole-plant respiration represented maintenance respiration almost exclusively, which is more temperature sensitive. Alternatively, changes in the respiratory substrate during C starvation or increased involvement of alternative oxidase pathway respiration may explain the increase in Q(10). Carbohydrates are important for respiration but it appears that even in C-starved A. crenata plants, carbohydrate availability does not limit respiration during short-term warming. C1 [Slot, Martijn; Kitajima, Kaoru] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Slot, Martijn; Kitajima, Kaoru] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Kitajima, Kaoru] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Kyoto 6068502, Japan. RP Slot, M (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM martijnslot78@gmail.com FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FOREST-GEO post-doctoral research fellowship FX We thank Yesenia Lucas for assistance with carbohydrate analysis Tim Martin for advice on chamber construction; Mary Heskel, Angelica Patterson and Marjan van de Weg for discussion; and two anonymous reviewers for valuable comments. MS acknowledges financial support from a Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FOREST-GEO post-doctoral research fellowship. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 30 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-4408 EI 1445-4416 J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL JI Funct. Plant Biol. PY 2015 VL 42 IS 6 BP 579 EP 588 DI 10.1071/FP14329 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CI2FK UT WOS:000354560500008 ER PT J AU Robinson, H Keeley, SC AF Robinson, Harold Keeley, Sterling C. TI A refined concept of the Critoniopsis bogotana species group in Colombia with two new species (Vernonieae,Asteraceae) SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Critoniopsis; Colombia; new species; trichomes ID GENUS CRITONIOPSIS; VERNONIEAE; ASTERACEAE AB Critoniopsis bogotana is more precisely delimited, and two related Colombian species are described as new. The form of trichomes on the abaxial surfaces of the leaves is found to be of major importance. A short key to the Critoniopsis bogotana group is provided. C1 [Robinson, Harold] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, MRC 166, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20023 USA. [Keeley, Sterling C.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Robinson, H (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, MRC 166, Dept Bot, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20023 USA. EM robinsoh@si.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2015 VL 48 BP 85 EP 95 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.48.8810 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CI1KY UT WOS:000354504300008 ER PT J AU Bourjea, J Dalleau, M Derville, S Beudard, F Marmoex, C M'Soili, A Roos, D Ciccione, S Frazier, J AF Bourjea, J. Dalleau, M. Derville, S. Beudard, F. Marmoex, C. M'Soili, A. Roos, D. Ciccione, S. Frazier, J. TI Seasonality, abundance, and fifteen-year trend in green turtle nesting activity at Itsamia, Moheli, Comoros SO ENDANGERED SPECIES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SOUTHWEST INDIAN-OCEAN; GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; CHELONIA-MYDAS; MARINE TURTLES; SEA-TURTLE; ALDABRA ATOLL; ASCENSION-ISLAND; COSTA-RICA; SEYCHELLES; REPRODUCTION AB Nesting green turtles Chelonia mydas were studied at Moheli Island, Union of Comoros, southwestern Indian Ocean (SWIO). Five contiguous beaches near Itsamia village, in the southeastern part of the island, were monitored daily for nesting activity from January 1999 to June 2007 and irregularly between August 2009 and December 2014; nesting success was recorded from 2000 to 2006. Nesting occurred year-round and peaked in the austral winter, from March through August, with the highest values in May. During the 7 yr period when nesting success was recorded, 63 164 successful nestings were reported, and the total was 69 630 when estimates of missing data were included. The average rate of nesting success was 0.49 (SD = 0.04, n = 7). Using the estimate of 3.03 successful nestings per female per season, the estimated number of nesting females per year varied from 924 in 2000 to 5827 in 2005. There was marked growth in nesting activity over the beginning of the study period, as indicated by seasonal decomposition of time series by loess and generalized additive mixed model analyses, with an increase of 226% from 1999 to 2006 and evidently a leveling off of nesters between 2007 and 2014. The Itsamia beaches have one of the largest nesting populations, with a higher rate of increase than any other site in the SWIO. Long-term protection of the beaches and offshore waters by the Itsamia community, despite several years of intense exploitation by outsiders, is reasoned to be the primary explanation for these remarkable figures. C1 [Bourjea, J.; Roos, D.] IFREMER, Delegat Ocean Indien, F-97822 Le Port, Ile De La Reuni, France. [Bourjea, J.] Univ Reunion Isl, CNRS, INEE, FRE3560, F-97715 St Denis, La Reunion, France. [Dalleau, M.; Derville, S.; Beudard, F.; Marmoex, C.; Ciccione, S.] Kelonia, Observ Tortues Marines La Reunion, F-97436 St Leu, France. [Derville, S.] Ecole Normale Super Lyon, Dept Biol, F-69007 Lyon, France. [Beudard, F.; M'Soili, A.] ADSEI, Fomboni, Moheli, Comoros. [Frazier, J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Div Amphibians & Reptiles, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Bourjea, J (reprint author), IFREMER, Delegat Ocean Indien, Rue Jean Bertho,BP 60, F-97822 Le Port, Ile De La Reuni, France. EM jerome.bourjea@ifremer.fr OI Bourjea, Jerome/0000-0001-7149-3648 FU Regional Environment Programme of the Indian Ocean Commission (PRE-COI); Programme des Nations Unies pour le Developpement (PNUD); PROGECO; European Union via the POCT Reunion fund, France; Region Reunion FX This paper is dedicated to Habibou and Absoir for the fantastic work they did for the conservation of marine turtles at Itsamia over many years. In late 2011, the sea took them too soon. The authors thank the Regional Environment Programme of the Indian Ocean Commission (PRE-COI), Programme des Nations Unies pour le Developpement (PNUD), PROGECO, European Union via the POCT Reunion fund, France, and Region Reunion for the financial support for field work. We are also most grateful to the members of ADSEI for their incredible work in the field and the enthusiasm they developed for the conservation of marine turtles and, especially, the marine ecosystem at Itsamia. We also thank the Kelonia and Ifremer teams as well as all students who worked at Itsamia over the last 17 yr. And lastly, we thank 3 anonymous reviewers and the editor for improving the manuscript. NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 23 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 1863-5407 EI 1613-4796 J9 ENDANGER SPECIES RES JI Endanger. Species Res. PY 2015 VL 27 IS 3 BP 265 EP 276 DI 10.3354/esr00672 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA CH3GK UT WOS:000353916900007 ER PT J AU Erwin, T Stoev, P Georgiev, T Penev, L AF Erwin, Terry Stoev, Pavel Georgiev, Teodor Penev, Lyubomir TI ZooKeys 500: traditions and innovations hand-in-hand servicing our taxonomic community SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article ID COSTA-RICA; GENUS; HYMENOPTERA; INFORMATION; BRACONIDAE; ECUADOR; FAMILY C1 [Erwin, Terry] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Hyperdiver Grp,MRC 187, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Stoev, Pavel; Georgiev, Teodor; Penev, Lyubomir] Pensoft Publishers, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Stoev, Pavel] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Sofia, Bulgaria. [Penev, Lyubomir] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Res, Sofia, Bulgaria. RP Penev, L (reprint author), Pensoft Publishers, Sofia, Bulgaria. EM penev@pensoft.net OI Stoev, Pavel/0000-0002-5702-5677 NR 37 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 500 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.3897/zookeys.500.9844 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CG9NR UT WOS:000353643100001 PM 25987868 ER PT J AU dos Santos, SP Ibanez, R Ron, SR AF dos Santos, Sueny P. Ibanez, Roberto Ron, Santiago R. TI Systematics of the Rhinella margaritifera complex (Anura, Bufonidae) from western Ecuador and Panama with insights in the biogeography of Rhinella alata SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Andes; Biogeography; Choco; Morphology; Panama; Phylogeny; Rhinella alata ID MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS; GUIANA SHIELD; FROGS; BUFO; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; DNA; DIVERSITY; INFERENCE; AMPHIBIA; HISTORY AB The Rhinella margaritifera species group consists of 17 species of toads distributed in tropical and subtropical South America and eastern Central America. The identity of some of its species is poorly understood and there are numerous undescribed cryptic species. Among them, the status of Rhinella margaritifera is one of the most problematic. Its range includes lowland rainforests separated by the Andes, the Chocoan rainforest to the west and the Amazonian rainforest to the east. This distribution is puzzling because the Andes are an old and formidable barrier to gene flow and therefore should generate vicariant speciation between disjunct lowland populations. Herein we clarify the taxonomy of populations of the Rhinella margaritifera complex from Central America and the Choco region of South America. The morphological and genetic variation of Rhinella margaritifera was examined from 39 populations from Choco, 24 from the upper Amazon region of Ecuador, and 37 from Panama, including the holotype of the Panamanian Rhinella alata. Phylogenetic analyses were performed based on mitochondrial genes 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, and cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and the nuclear gene Tyrosinase (Tyr). The genetic and morphological data show that Panamanian and Chocoan populations are conspecific. In the phylogeny, populations from Choco and Panama form a well-supported clade. The morphology of the holotype of Rhinella alata falls within the variation range of Panamanian and Chocoan populations. Based on all this evidence, we assign the populations from western Ecuador and Panama to Rhinella alata and demonstrate that the unusual distribution pattern of "Rhinella margaritifera" on both sides of the Andes was an artifact of incorrectly defined species boundaries. C1 [dos Santos, Sueny P.; Ron, Santiago R.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Dept Ciencias Biol, Museo Zool, Quito, Ecuador. [Ibanez, Roberto] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Ibanez, Roberto] Univ Panama, Dept Zool, Panama City, Panama. RP dos Santos, SP (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Dept Ciencias Biol, Museo Zool, Av 12 Octubre & Roca,Aptdo 17-01-2184, Quito, Ecuador. EM santiago.r.ron@gmail.com OI Ron, Santiago/0000-0001-6300-9350 FU Secretaria Nacional de Educacion Superior, Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion (Arca de Noe initiative); Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador; Sistema Nacional de Investigacion de Panama FX This work was funded by Secretaria Nacional de Educacion Superior, Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion (Arca de Noe initiative) and Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador. RI was supported by the Sistema Nacional de Investigacion de Panama. We are particularly thankful to Annemarie Ohler, the Curator of Museum National d'Histoire naturelle, who provided data and photos of the holotype of Rhinella alata. David Buckley for valuable comments on the text. Angel Sosa and Mario Yanez-Munoz shared photographs of Rhinella alata. Darrel Frost, Curator of AMNH, loaned specimens of Rhinella alata from Panama. Pablo Venegas, curator of CORBIDI, provided a tissue sample from Peru. Nadia Paez for help in taking measurements of specimens. We are thankful to Andrea Manzano and Maria Ordonez for carrying laboratory work. For specimen collection and locality data, we are indebted to Nestor Acosta, Silvia Aldas, Alejandro Arteaga, Fernando Ayala, Alvaro Barragan, Paola Buitron, David Cannatella, Edwin Carrillo, Luis Coloma, Rafael de Sa, Alexandra Endara, Jorge Garcia, Stella de la Torre, Mireya Dimas, Sehoya Harris, Cesar Jaramillo, Fidel Jaramillo, Diego Lombeida, Alfredo Lopez, Luis E. Lopez, Fernando Nogales, Giovanni Onore, Aida Ortiz, Alexandra Quiguango, Fabian Saenz, Frank Solis, Samuel Sucre, Italo Tapia, Queti Tapia, Eduardo Toral, J. M. Touzet, Ana M. Velasco, and Tania Villegas. NR 76 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 12 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 501 BP 109 EP 145 DI 10.3897/zookeys.501.8604 PG 37 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CH3GM UT WOS:000353917100006 PM 25987881 ER PT J AU Cadena, E Jaramillo, C AF Cadena, Edwin Jaramillo, Carlos TI EARLY TO MIDDLE MIOCENE TURTLES FROM THE NORTHERNMOST TIP OF SOUTH AMERICA: GIANT TESTUDINIDS, CHELIDS, AND PODOCNEMIDIDS FROM THE CASTILLETES FORMATION, COLOMBIA SO AMEGHINIANA LA English DT Article DE Turtles; Testudinidae; Chelidae; Podocnemididae; Miocene; Colombia ID EASTERN CORDILLERA; AMAZONIA; VERTEBRATES; PLEURODIRA; PALEOCENE; EVOLUTION; EOCENE; BASIN; ZONE AB Here we describe the northernmost South American record of fossil turtles from the late early Miocene to early middle Miocene of the Castilletes Formation, on the Alta Guajira Peninsula, Cocinetas basin, Colombia. Turtles in the lower segment of the Castilletes Formation (c. 16.33 Ma) are pleurodires or side-necked turtles belonging to Chelus colombiana Wood, Chelus sp., and Podocnemididae incertae sedis, and cryptodires or hidden-necked turtles attributed to Chelonoidis sp., all of them characterized by the large size of their shells, 1 meter or more total length. The middle segment of the formation (c. 14 Ma) contains specimens of Podocnemididae incertae sedis and Chelonoidis sp. The turtle fauna from Castilletes share taxa with faunas from La Venta (middle-late Miocene of Colombia), Urumaco, and Western Amazonia (late Miocene from Venezuela, Brazil, and Peru); all of these records indicate a wider geographical distribution for podocnemidids, chelids, and testudinids of tropical South America during the early to middle Miocene. The large size of the fossils described here also confirms that gigantism was characteristic of South American tropical turtles during the early Miocene, a trend that lasted at least from the Paleocene to the Pliocene in different lineages. C1 [Cadena, Edwin] Senckenberg Museum, Paleoherpetol, D-603025 Frankfurt, Germany. [Cadena, Edwin; Jaramillo, Carlos] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Cadena, E (reprint author), Senckenberg Museum, Paleoherpetol, D-603025 Frankfurt, Germany. EM cadenachelys@gmail.com; jaramilloc@si.edu FU Smithsonian Institution; National Geographic Society; Universidad del Norte; University of Zurich; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation of Germany; Anders Family FX Funding for this work was provided by the Smithsonian Institution, National Geographic Society, Anders Family, Universidad del Norte, University of Zurich, and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation of Germany. We thank all participants of the Castilletes project for their help in finding and collecting all the fossils described here: A. Hendy, R. Sanchez, F. Moreno, C. Martinez, C. Vallejo, G. Ballen, J. Moreno, C. Suarez, J. Carrillo, J.D. Carrillo, N. Perez, C. Montes, K. Jimenez, J. Luque, A. Cardenas, J. Escobar, N. Hoyos, D. Delgado, M. Sanchez-Villagra. We thank to the three reviewers J. Sterli, M. de La Fuente, and one anonymous for their constructive reviews. Specials thanks go to C. Rosero, L. Londono, M. Barreto, El Grillo, and the Wayuu community of Castilletes for their help in facilitating the fieldwork. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASOCIACION PALEONTOLOGICA ARGENTINA PI BUENOS AIRES PA MAIPU 645, 1ER PISO, 1006 BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA SN 0002-7014 EI 1851-8044 J9 AMEGHINIANA JI Ameghiniana PY 2015 VL 52 IS 2 BP 188 EP 203 DI 10.5710/AMGH.10.11.2014.2835 PG 16 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA CG4YE UT WOS:000353294700002 ER PT J AU Lorence, DH Wagner, WL AF Lorence, David H. Wagner, Warren L. TI Heliotropium (Boraginaceae) in the Marquesas Islands (French Polynesia) with description of a new species SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Heliotropium; Boraginaceae; Marquesas Islands; French Polynesia ID TAXA AB During the preparation of the Vascular Flora of the Marquesas Islands a new endemic species of Heliotropium L. (Boraginaceae) has come to light and is described herein: Heliotropium perlmanii Lorence & W.L. Wagner. It is known only from the island of Eiao and appears most closely related to H. marchionicum Decne., also endemic to the Marquesas and known from Nuku Hiva. An amended description of H. marchionicum and key to separate the Marquesan species are given and their differences discussed. C1 [Lorence, David H.] Natl Trop Bot Garden, Kalaheo, HI 96741 USA. [Wagner, Warren L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Lorence, DH (reprint author), Natl Trop Bot Garden, 3530 Papalina Rd, Kalaheo, HI 96741 USA. EM lorence@ntbg.org FU Smithsonian Research Opportunities Fund; National Tropical Botanical Garden's McBryde Endowment for Hawaiian and Pacific Botany FX We are grateful to the Bishop Museum herbarium (BISH) and MNHN Paris (P) for loan of their collections. Specimens were collected by Steve Perlman and Jacques Florence as part of the Vascular Flora of the Marquesas Islands project, which was supported by a generous private donation to the National Tropical Botanical Garden, and the Flore de la Polynesie francaise project. We are grateful to the Delegation a la Recherche (Papeete, Tahiti), the Musee de Tahiti et des Iles, and the Service du Developpement Rural for logistic support, the Delegation for permission to collect in the Marquesas, and the Delegation and the Haut-Commissariat de la Republique en Polynesie francaise for permission to conduct research. The contribution by WLW to this study was partially supported by the Smithsonian Research Opportunities Fund and the National Tropical Botanical Garden's McBryde Endowment for Hawaiian and Pacific Botany. We thank Alice Tangerini for masterfully preparing the two illustrations. We also appreciate the comments, images, and insights on Marquesas Heliotropium by Jean-Francois Butaud and Jacques Florence, and the constructive comments provided by two anonymous reviewers. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2015 VL 47 BP 49 EP 57 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.47.8767 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CF8PW UT WOS:000352825400002 ER PT J AU Rygel, MC Lally, C Gibling, MR Ielpi, A Calder, JH Bashforth, AR AF Rygel, Michael C. Lally, Corinne Gibling, Martin R. Ielpi, Alessandro Calder, John H. Bashforth, Arden R. TI Sedimentology and stratigraphy of the type section of the Pennsylvanian Boss Point Formation, Joggins Fossil Cliffs, Nova Scotia, Canada SO ATLANTIC GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC POLARITY STRATIGRAPHY; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; WORLD HERITAGE SITE; CUMBERLAND BASIN; ATLANTIC CANADA; MARITIME CANADA; CORDAITALEAN TREES; BOUNDING SURFACES; BOUNDARY INTERVAL; FLUVIAL SYSTEMS AB The 1125-m-thick type section of the Pennsylvanian Boss Point Formation is well exposed along the shore of the Bay of Fundy in Nova Scotia. We provide the first comprehensive account of the entirety of this formation, which comprises nearly one-third of the stratigraphic thickness of the Joggins Fossil Cliffs UNESCO World Heritage Site. The basal Chignecto Bay Member (0-91.5 m) is composed of redbeds, single-storey channel bodies with northerly paleoflow, and thin palustrine limestones. The middle Ward Point Member (91.5-951.7 m) contains up to 16 megacycles composed of alternations between thick packages of braided fluvial sandstone and fine-grained deposits. Although regional studies of the Boss Point Formation suggest that the fine-grained deposits are largely composed of lacustrine sediments, these intervals consist largely of poorly drained and well-drained floodplain deposits in the type section. The facies variations and southeast-directed paleoflow in the Ward Point Member record modest uplift associated with the growth of the salt-cored Minudie Anticline. The North Reef Member (951.7-1125 m) is composed of redbeds and two distinctive multistorey channel bodies. This uppermost member records a shift to more arid, oxidizing conditions, was the precursor to a major phase of salt withdrawal, and represents a transition to the overlying Little River Formation. The sedimentological framework, revised stratigraphy, and detailed measured section and map will provide a foundation for future study of this remarkable Pennsylvanian exposure. C1 [Rygel, Michael C.; Lally, Corinne] SUNY Coll Potsdam, Dept Geol, Potsdam, NY 13676 USA. [Gibling, Martin R.; Ielpi, Alessandro] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Calder, John H.] Nova Scotia Dept Nat Resources, Halifax, NS B3J 2T9, Canada. [Bashforth, Arden R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Rygel, MC (reprint author), SUNY Coll Potsdam, Dept Geol, 44 Pierrepont Ave, Potsdam, NY 13676 USA. EM rygelmc@potsdam.edu FU American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund (PRF) [47967-GB8]; SUNY Potsdam; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); NSERC FX M. Rygel acknowledges the donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund (PRF Grant #47967-GB8), a sabbatical from SUNY Potsdam, and field assistance by A. Brewer. C. Lally was supported by a Kilmer Undergraduate Research Apprenticeship from SUNY Potsdam. M. Gibling and A. Ielpi were supported by a Discovery Grant to MG from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). A. Bashforth was supported by a Postdoctoral Fellowship from NSERC. We thank Brian Hebert for discussion and logistical assistance. We also thank the Joggins Fossil Institute and Nova Scotia Museum for their assistance and for supporting our applications for Heritage Research Permits. P.J. Wagner of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., provided provisional identification of Strobeus. Suggestions by Howard Falcon-Lang, Rob Fensome, and an anonymous reviewer greatly improved this manuscript. NR 111 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU ATLANTIC GEOSCIENCE SOC PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, DEPT GEOLOGY, PO BOX 116, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 0843-5561 EI 1718-7885 J9 ATL GEOL JI Atl. Geol. PY 2015 VL 51 BP 1 EP 43 DI 10.4138/atlgeol.2015.001 PG 43 WC Geology SC Geology GA CG1IP UT WOS:000353026600001 ER PT J AU Sues, HD Olsen, PE AF Sues, Hans-Dieter Olsen, Paul E. TI Stratigraphic and temporal context and faunal diversity of Permian-Jurassic continental tetrapod assemblages from the Fundy rift basin, eastern Canada SO ATLANTIC GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATLANTIC MAGMATIC PROVINCE; TRIASSIC MASS EXTINCTION; MCCOY-BROOK FORMATION; NORTH MOUNTAIN BASALT; WESTERN HIGH ATLAS; GRANDE-DO-SUL; NOVA-SCOTIA; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; BLOMIDON FORMATION; WOLFVILLE FORMATION AB The Fundy basin in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick is the largest exposed rift basin of the Newark Supergroup and also extends beneath the Bay of Fundy. Its strata can be divided into four tectonostratigraphic sequences (TS). TS I is represented by the probably Permian Honeycomb Point Formation and possibly the Lepreau Formation. TS II includes the Wolfville Formation with the probably Middle Triassic Economy Member and the early Late Triassic Evangeline Member. These members have yielded markedly different assemblages of continental tetrapods. TS III comprises most of the Blomidon Formation, which is Norian to Rhaetian in age. The Blomidon Formation has yielded few skeletal remains of tetrapods to date but many tetrapod tracks. TS IV includes the late Rhaetian top of the Blomidon Formation and the McCoy Brook Formation, which overlies the North Mountain Basalt and is latest Rhaetian and earliest Jurassic (Hettangian) in age. The McCoy Brook Formation has yielded a diversity of continental tetrapods and lacks any of the characteristic Late Triassic forms. Recent work has correlated the Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Jurassic (Hettangian) to a level above the North Mountain Basalt. Thus most of the tetrapod fossils from the McCoy Brook Formation are latest Rhaetian in age, but the higher horizon with skeletal remains of sauropodomorph dinosaurs may be earliest Hettangian in age. The Fundy basin preserves the only known, stratigraphically tightly constrained record of the profound biotic changes in continental ecosystems across the Triassic-Jurassic transition. C1 [Sues, Hans-Dieter] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Olsen, Paul E.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. RP Sues, HD (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, MRC 121,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM suesh@si.edu FU National Science Foundation; Lamont Climate Center; National Geographic Society; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX We dedicate this paper to the memory of our late friend and mentor Donald Baird, a pioneer in the study of Palaeozoic and early Mesozoic vertebrates from the Canadian Maritimes. Among the many colleagues with whom we have had the pleasure to work on aspects of the geology and vertebrate palaeontology of the Fundy basin we particularly thank Tim Fedak, David Brown, Dennis Kent, Neil Shubin, and Jessica Whiteside. We are indebted to Sterling Nesbitt, Bill Parker, Rainer Schoch, and Robin Whatley for discussions of various vertebrate fossils discussed in this paper. We thank Bill Amaral, Tim Fedak, George Hrynewich, Peter Kroehler, Eric Leighton, Amy Litt, Sterling Nesbitt, Steve Orzack, Louise Roth, Chuck Schaff, Neil Shubin, Dan Simanek, Bill Stevens, Alan Turner, Alex Werth, and Jessica Whiteside for discoveries of vertebrate fossils. Bill Amaral and Diane Scott prepared many of the fossils with their customary skill, and Diane Scott prepared the specimen drawings reproduced in Figures 31 and 32. We thank Tim Fedak and Nick Fraser for their helpful reviews of a draft of the manuscript and Rob Fensome and Chris White for their meticulous editing. We are grateful to Deborah Skilliter, Curator of Geology at the Nova Scotia Museum, her predecessor Bob Grantham, Katherine Ogden, Registrar at the Nova Scotia Museum, and Ken Adams, former Curator of the Fundy Geological Museum, for their unfailing enthusiastic support and help with permits and cataloguing. Our studies have received financial support from the National Science Foundation, the Lamont Climate Center, the National Geographic Society, and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. NR 201 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ATLANTIC GEOSCIENCE SOC PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, DEPT GEOLOGY, PO BOX 116, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 0843-5561 EI 1718-7885 J9 ATL GEOL JI Atl. Geol. PY 2015 VL 51 BP 139 EP 205 DI 10.4138/atlgeol.2015.006 PG 67 WC Geology SC Geology GA CG1IP UT WOS:000353026600006 ER PT J AU van Noort, S Buffington, ML Forshage, M AF van Noort, Simon Buffington, Matthew L. Forshage, Mattias TI Afrotropical Cynipoidea (Hymenoptera) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Africa; Afrotropical; Cynipidae; Cynipoidea; Figitidae; Ibaliidae; identification key; Liopteridae; Madagascar ID CABBAGE ROOT FLY; ANACHARIS-MELANONEURA HYMENOPTERA; LEPTOPILINA SPECIES HYMENOPTERA; RADICUM DIPTERA ANTHOMYIIDAE; DILYTA FORSTER HYMENOPTERA; GALL WASPS HYMENOPTERA; TRYBLIOGRAPHA-RAPAE; DELIA-RADICUM; CYNIPIDAE CYNIPINI; 1ST RECORD AB The Afrotropical Cynipoidea are represented by 306 described species and 54 genera in four families: Cynipidae, Figitidae, Liopteridae and Ibaliidae, the latter represented by a single introduced species. Seven of these genera are only represented by undescribed species in the region. Seven new genus-level synonymies, one genus resurrected from synonymy, 54 new combinations, one combination reinstated, and one new replacement name are presented. We provide identification keys to the families, subfamilies and genera of cynipoid wasps occurring in the Afrotropical region (Africa south of the Sahara, including Madagascar and southern Arabian Peninsula). Online interactive Lucid Phoenix and Lucid matrix keys are available at: http://www.waspweb.org/Cynipoidea/Keys/index.htm. An overview of the biology and checklists of species for each genus are provided. This paper constitutes the first contributory chapter to the book on Afrotropical Hymenoptera. C1 [van Noort, Simon] Iziko South African Museum, Nat Hist Dept, ZA-8000 Cape Town, South Africa. [van Noort, Simon] Univ Cape Town, Dept Biol Sci, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Buffington, Matthew L.] USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Smithsonian NMNH, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Forshage, Mattias] Swedish Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. RP van Noort, S (reprint author), Iziko South African Museum, Nat Hist Dept, POB 61, ZA-8000 Cape Town, South Africa. EM svannoort@iziko.org.za RI van Noort, Simon/C-4006-2017 OI van Noort, Simon/0000-0001-6930-9741 FU World Wildlife Fund (US); South African National Research Foundation grants [GUN 2068865, GUN 61497, GUN 79004, GUN 79211, GUN 81139]; National Science Foundation under PlatyPBI [DEB-0614764]; Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA/ARS; Florida State University, School of Computational Science, Tallahassee, FL USA [32306-4026] FX Various conservation bodies granted permits to collect specimens including: Cape Nature, Eastern Cape Department of Environmental Affairs; Northern Cape Department of Nature and Environmental Conservation, Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, and SANparks (South Africa); Directeur de la Faune et de la Chasse, Libreville (Gabon); Ugandan Wildlife Authority and UNCST (Uganda); Directorate of Research, Kenya Wildlife Service (Kenya). The expedition to the Central African Republic was supported by funds from the World Wildlife Fund (US). SvN was funded by South African National Research Foundation grants: GUN 2068865; GUN 61497; GUN 79004; GUN 79211; GUN 81139. Part of the South African field work conducted by SvN and associated sample processing was funded by the National Science Foundation under PlatyPBI grant No. DEB-0614764 to N.F. Johnson and A.D. Austin. MLB was funded by the Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA/ARS. We also acknowledge MorphBank (http://www.morphbank.net), Florida State University, School of Computational Science, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4026 USA. The massive collections in SAMC have been made available through considerable curatorial efforts by Dawn Larsen and Aisha Mayekiso. Other vast collections have been available for study channelled by Bob Zuparko (CASC) and Bob Copeland (ICIPE). David Notton hosted MF repeatedly and MB and SVN on several occasions in London, where also John Noyes, Gavin Broad and Andy Polaszek have been helpful. Other curators or assistants which have hosted shorter visits and/or handled loan requests are Claire Villemant and Agniele Touret-Alby (MNHN), Frank Koch (ZMBH), Eliane de Coninck (RMCA), Bob Zuparko (CASC), Andreas Taeger and Stephan Blank (DEI), Sandor Czosz (HNHM), Fritz Gusenleitner and Martin Schwarz (OLML), Ottilie Neser and Ros Urban (SANC), Christer Hansson, Christoffer Fagerstrom and Roy Danielsson (MZLU). Others, like William Foster (CUMZ) and Ralph Peters and Kai Schutte (ZMUH) responded helpfully to enquiries. Gary Gibson carried specimens from CNCI. Others who have contributed specimens include Lucian Fusu, Mathias Jaschof, George Melika, etc. Unpublished data and insightful ideas were provided by Goran Nordlander. Thanks to Jose Luis Nieves-Aldrey for carefully reviewing an earlier draft of the manuscript. NR 266 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 493 BP 1 EP 176 DI 10.3897/zookeys.493.6353 PG 176 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF2GL UT WOS:000352365500001 PM 25878545 ER PT J AU Carvalho, AF Menezes, RST Somavilla, A Costa, MA Del Lama, MA AF Carvalho, Antonio F. Menezes, Rodolpho S. T. Somavilla, Alexandre Costa, Marco A. Del Lama, Marco A. TI Polistinae biogeography in the Neotropics: history and prospects SO JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Biological richness; ecology; evolution; paper wasps; speciation; species distribution ID BRAZILIAN ATLANTIC FOREST; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SOCIAL WASP; PHYLOGENETIC PERSPECTIVE; HYMENOPTERA VESPIDAE; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; NICHE CONSERVATISM; SPECIATION; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; EVOLUTION AB Discussions regarding Polistinae biogeography in the last two decades rarely associated current patterns of distribution with environmental changes. This well-known and very diverse group of insects is highly endemic in the Neotropics, but environmental factors influencing the enormous biological diversity in the region are not well established. Exploring evidence on the two main hypotheses concerning the origins and early colonization processes of paper wasps we position in favor of the Gondwanan hypothesis and discuss change-promoter processes in the Neotropics whose effects might have altered the distributions and facilitated the speciation of Polistinae in the region. Furthermore, based on recent advances in biogeography, mostly in the integration of ecological and evolutionary information, we highlight directions for future biogeographical research within the group. C1 [Carvalho, Antonio F.; Del Lama, Marco A.] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Genet Evolut & Biol Mol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Carvalho, Antonio F.] CUNY, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Menezes, Rodolpho S. T.; Costa, Marco A.] Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Ilheus, BA, Brazil. [Menezes, Rodolpho S. T.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Somavilla, Alexandre] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. RP Carvalho, AF (reprint author), Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Genet Evolut & Biol Mol, Via Washington Luis,Km 235, Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM carvalhoaf@ufscar.br RI Menezes, Rodolpho/B-2952-2014; Costa, Marco/H-8035-2015 OI Menezes, Rodolpho/0000-0002-6612-3543; FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2011/13391-2, BEPE 2013/04317-9] FX This study was supported by Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP, 2011/13391-2 and BEPE 2013/04317-9) through a Ph.D. scholarship for the first author. Our most sincere thanks are addressed to Ana Carolina Carnaval (The City University of New York, USA), Fernando Noll and Marjorie Silva (UNESP, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil), Gilberto Santos (UEFS, Feira de Santana, Brazil), Reinaldo Brito and Evandro Moraes (UFSCar, Sao Carlos, Brazil) and one anonymous reviewer, whose commentaries improved the manuscript. NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1070-9428 EI 1314-2607 J9 J HYMENOPT RES JI J. Hymenopt. Res. PY 2015 VL 42 BP 93 EP 105 DI 10.3897/JHR.42.8754 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CF4KV UT WOS:000352518900006 ER PT J AU Greenwalt, DE Vidlicka, L AF Greenwalt, Dale E. Vidlicka, L'ubomir TI Latiblattella avita sp nov (Blattaria: Ectobiidae) fro the Eocene Kishenehn Formation, Montana, USA SO PALAEONTOLOGIA ELECTRONICA LA English DT Article DE Fossil insect; Cenozoic cockroaches; Pseudophyllodromiinae; new species ID COCKROACHES; BLATTODEA; DICTYOPTERA; BLABERIDAE; NORTH; ORDER AB Latiblattella avita Greenwalt and Vidlicka, 2015, sp. nov., and the first fossil of the genus, is described. The discovery of a fossil representative of this genus suggests that Latiblattella was more widely distributed in the Eocene. The Eocene American cockroach fauna is mostly comprised of what are today, cosmopolitan genera while the extant genus Latiblattella Hebard, 1917 is restricted in its geographical distribution to Central America, Mexico, Florida and Arizona. The discovery of Latiblattella avita, in combination with the recent description of Cariblattoides labandeirai Vrsansky et al., 2012, also documents the presence of rather derived representatives of the family Ectobiidae as early as the Middle Eocene. C1 [Greenwalt, Dale E.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, NMNH, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Vidlicka, L'ubomir] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Bratislava 84506, Slovakia. [Vidlicka, L'ubomir] Comenius Univ, Fac Nat Sci, Dept Zool, Bratislava 81104, Slovakia. RP Greenwalt, DE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, NMNH, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM GreenwaltD@si.edu; lubomir.vidlicka@savba.sk FU VEGA [2/0186/13] FX We thank C. Labandeira and F. Marsh for administrative support and P. Vrsansky (GIU SAV, Bratislava) for review of the manuscript. We are also indebted to two anonymous reviewers whose efforts greatly improved the manuscript. This is contribution number 326 of the Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems Consortium of the USNM. This research was supported by VEGA 2/0186/13. NR 79 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU COQUINA PRESS PI AMHERST PA C/O WHITEY HAGADORN, EXECUTIVE EDITOR, AMHERST COLLEGE, DEPT GEOLOGY, AMHERST, MA 01002 USA SN 1935-3952 EI 1094-8074 J9 PALAEONTOL ELECTRON JI Palaeontol. electron. PY 2015 VL 18 IS 1 AR 16A PG 9 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA CE9KN UT WOS:000352163000022 ER PT J AU Marescot, L Forrester, TD Casady, DS Wittmer, HU AF Marescot, Lucile Forrester, Tavis D. Casady, David S. Wittmer, Heiko U. TI Using multistate capture-mark-recapture models to quantify effects of predation on age-specific survival and population growth in black-tailed deer SO POPULATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Deer; Population dynamics; Predator-prey interactions; Puma; Ungulates; Vital rates ID CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY; MULE DEER; TEMPORAL VARIATION; HABITAT SELECTION; LARGE HERBIVORES; PREY; DYNAMICS; UNGULATE; RISK; CONSERVATION AB Effective species management and conservation relies on accurate estimates of vital rates and an understanding of their link to environmental variables. We used multistate capture-mark-recapture models to directly quantify effects of predation on age-specific survival of black-tailed deer Odocoileus hemionus columbianus in California, USA. Survival probabilities were derived from individual encounter histories of 136 fawns and 57 adults monitored over 4 years. Based on results from our survival analysis we parameterized a Lefkovitch matrix and used elasticity analyses to investigate contributions of mortality due to predation to changes in population growth. We found strong evidence for age-specific survival including senescence. Survival of females > 1 year old was consistently low (0.56 +/- A 0.18 for yearlings, 0.77 +/- A 0.13 for prime-aged females, and 0.55 +/- A 0.08 for senescent individuals), primarily due to high puma Puma concolor predation during summer. Predation from black bears Ursus americanus and coyotes Canis latrans was the primary cause for low annual survival of fawns (0.24 +/- A 0.16). Resulting estimates of population growth rates were indicative of a strongly declining population (lambda = 0.82 +/- A 0.13). Despite high sensitivity to changes in adult survival, results from a lower-level elasticity analysis suggested that predation on fawns was the most significant individual mortality component affecting population decline. Our results provide a rare, direct link between predation, age-specific survival and the predicted population decline of a common ungulate species. The magnitude of predation was unexpected and suggests that ungulates in multi-predator systems struggle to cope with simultaneous reductions in survival probabilities from predators targeting different age classes. C1 [Marescot, Lucile; Forrester, Tavis D.; Wittmer, Heiko U.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Forrester, Tavis D.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Casady, David S.] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Large Mammal Conservat Program, Sacramento, CA 95811 USA. [Wittmer, Heiko U.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. RP Wittmer, HU (reprint author), Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, POB 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. EM heiko.wittmer@vuw.ac.nz RI Wittmer, Heiko/D-4172-2015 OI Wittmer, Heiko/0000-0002-8861-188X FU California Department of Fish and Wildlife; California Deer Association; Mendocino County Blacktail Association; Switzer foundation FX Funding for this project was provided by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife, the California Deer Association and the Mendocino County Blacktail Association. TDF acknowledges support from the Switzer foundation. We thank the numerous students, volunteers, and scientific aides for their invaluable contributions to fieldwork. Sarah Cubaynes, Olivier Gimenez and Shirley Pledger provided helpful comments on previous drafts of this manuscript. Comments from 2 anonymous reviewers greatly improved the final manuscript. NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 11 U2 51 PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK PI TOKYO PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065, JAPAN SN 1438-3896 EI 1438-390X J9 POPUL ECOL JI Popul. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 57 IS 1 BP 185 EP 197 DI 10.1007/s10144-014-0456-z PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CE8FE UT WOS:000352076300017 ER PT J AU Marescot, L Forrester, TD Casady, DS Wittmer, HU AF Marescot, Lucile Forrester, Tavis D. Casady, David S. Wittmer, Heiko U. TI Using multistate capture-mark-recapture models to quantify effects of predation on age-specific survival and population growth in black-tailed deer (vol 57, pg 185, 2015) SO POPULATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Marescot, Lucile; Forrester, Tavis D.; Wittmer, Heiko U.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Forrester, Tavis D.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Casady, David S.] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Large Mammal Conservat Program, Sacramento, CA 95811 USA. [Wittmer, Heiko U.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. RP Wittmer, HU (reprint author), Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, POB 600, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. EM heiko.wittmer@vuw.ac.nz RI Wittmer, Heiko/D-4172-2015 OI Wittmer, Heiko/0000-0002-8861-188X NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK PI TOKYO PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065, JAPAN SN 1438-3896 EI 1438-390X J9 POPUL ECOL JI Popul. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 57 IS 1 BP 199 EP 199 DI 10.1007/s10144-014-0464-z PG 1 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CE8FE UT WOS:000352076300018 ER PT J AU Sohn, JC Davis, DR Lopez-Vaamonde, C AF Sohn, Jae-Cheon Davis, Donald R. Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos TI Revision of the genus Philonome Chambers and its proposed reassignment to the family Tineidae (Lepidoptera, Tineoidea) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Argyresthia; Argyresthiidae; Bucculatricidae; COI; DNA barcoding; Eurynome; Lyonetiidae; new species; New World ID PHYLOGENY AB The New World genus Philonome Chambers, 1874 is revised. This genus comprises twelve species, seven of which are described as new: two species, P. nigrescens sp. n. and P. wielgusi sp. n., from the United States; four species, P. albivittata sp. n., P. curvilineata sp. n., P. kawakitai sp. n., and P. lambdagrapha sp. n., from French Guiana; and one species, P. penerivifera sp. n., from Brazil. Lectotypes are designated for Philonome clemensella Chambers, 1874 and P. rivifera Meyrick, 1915. Partially on evidence of their head morphology and particularly from molecular evidence, the genus Philonome, previously associated with Bucculatricidae or Lyonetiidae, is reassigned to Tineidae. A possible systematic position of Philonome within Tineidae is discussed. Eurynome Chambers, 1875, is synonymized with Argyresthia Hubner, 1825 (Argyresthiidae). Photographs of adults and illustrations of genitalia, when available, are provided for all described species of Philonome and two species previously misplaced in Philonome, Argyresthia luteella (Chambers, 1875) and Elachista albella (Chambers, 1877). In addition, DNA barcodes were used for the delimitation of most species. C1 [Sohn, Jae-Cheon; Davis, Donald R.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Sohn, Jae-Cheon] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos] INRA, Zool Forestiere UR0633, F-45000 Orleans, France. [Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos] Univ Tours, Fac Sci & Tech, IRBI, CNRS UMR 7261, F-37200 Tours, France. RP Davis, DR (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, 10th & Constitut NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM davisd@si.edu FU CNRS; government of Canada through Genome Canada; Ontario Genomics Institute; NSERC; Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship, Smithsonian Institution FX We would like to thank Kevin Tuck (retired) and Geoff Martin, both from the Natural History Museum, London, for allowing the first author to examine the museum collection under their responsibility. We are also grateful to David Adamski (Systematic Entomology Lab, US Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland) for checking some type specimens of Philonome and Atsushi Kawakita for donating one specimen for analysis. We are indebted to Young Sohn, Vichai Malikul, Donald Harvey, and Karolyn Darrow of the Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, for their assistance preparing the illustrations, graphics, and plates used in this publication. We also thank colleagues at the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada for their assistance in the production of DNA barcodes. Jean-Francois Landry of the Department of Entomology, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada/Agriculture, Ottawa, kindly provided specimen data and allowed us to use four unpublished barcodes of P. clemensella. We would like to thank the editor Erik van Nieukerken and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments on our manuscript. Field work in French Guiana was funded by the CNRS program 'Amazonie', Nouragues research grants 2009 and 2010 to C.L.V. Funding for DNA barcoding was provided by the government of Canada through Genome Canada and the Ontario Genomics Institute in support of the International Barcode of Life project, and by NSERC. The first author especially appreciates the financial support from the Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship (2013-2015), Smithsonian Institution. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 494 BP 69 EP 106 DI 10.3897/zookeys.494.8748 PG 38 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF2OO UT WOS:000352387000005 PM 25901115 ER PT J AU Torres-Carvajal, O Venegas, PJ de Queiroz, K AF Torres-Carvajal, Omar Venegas, Pablo J. de Queiroz, Kevin TI Three new species of woodlizards (Hoplocercinae, Enyalioides) from northwestern South America SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Andes; Ecuador; Enyalioides; Hoplocercinae; Iguania; lizards; new species; Peru; systematics ID PHYLOGENY AB The discovery of three new species of Enyalioides from the tropical Andes in Ecuador and northern Peru is reported. Enyalioides altotambo sp. n. occurs in northwestern Ecuador and differs from other species of Enyalioides in having dorsal scales that are both smooth and homogeneous in size, a brown iris, and in lacking enlarged, circular and keeled scales on the flanks. Enyalioides anisolepis sp. n. occurs on the Amazonian slopes of the Andes in southern Ecuador and northern Peru and can be distinguished from other species of Enyalioides by its scattered, projecting large scales on the dorsum, flanks, and hind limbs, as well as a well-developed vertebral crest, with the vertebrals on the neck at least three times higher than those between the hind limbs. Enyalioides sophiarothschildae sp. n. is from the Amazonian slopes of the Cordillera Central in northeastern Peru; it differs from other species of Enyalioides in having caudal scales that are relatively homogeneous in size on each caudal segment, a white gular region with a black medial patch and several turquoise scales in males, as well as immaculate white labials and chin. A molecular phylogenetic tree of 18 species of hoplocercines is presented, including the three species described in this paper and E. cofanorum, as well as an updated identification key for species of Hoplocercinae. C1 [Torres-Carvajal, Omar; Venegas, Pablo J.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Museo Zool Escuela Ciencias Biol, Quito, Ecuador. [Torres-Carvajal, Omar; de Queiroz, Kevin] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Venegas, Pablo J.] Ctr Ornitol & Biodiversidad CORBIDI, Div Herpetol, Lima, Peru. RP Torres-Carvajal, O (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Museo Zool Escuela Ciencias Biol, Ave 12 Octubre & Roca,Apartado 17-01-2184, Quito, Ecuador. EM omartorcar@gmail.com FU Systematics Association's Systematics Research Fund; Smithsonian Institution; Secretaria de Educacion Superior, Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion del Ecuador; Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador; UCU-MARI; Gobierno Regional de San Martin GORESAM FX For the type specimens of the species described in this paper we thank all collectors for their help in the field. Venegas is indebted to R. Wagter for logistic support in the field. We thank A. Varela and P. Santiana for editing the photographs; L.A. Coloma for providing photographs of the type specimens of E. altotambo; and C. Aguilar and J. Amanzo for providing valuable information. Specimens of the new species described in this paper were collected under collection permits 005-14-IC-FAU-DNB/MA issued by Ministerio del Ambiente, Ecuador, and No08 C/C-2008-INRENA-IANP; 110-2007-INRENA-IFFS-DCB; 118-2007-INRENA-IFFS-DCB issued by Instituto Nacional de Recursos Naturales, Peru. This research was funded by The Systematics Association's Systematics Research Fund (OTC), a Restricted Endowment Award from the Smithsonian Institution (KdQ, OTC), the Secretaria de Educacion Superior, Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion del Ecuador (OTC), Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador (OTC), UCU-MARI (PJV), and Gobierno Regional de San Martin GORESAM (PJV). NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 6 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 494 BP 107 EP 132 DI 10.3897/zookeys.494.8903 PG 26 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CF2OO UT WOS:000352387000006 PM 25901116 ER PT J AU Candler, S Bernal, XE AF Candler, Sarah Bernal, Ximena E. TI Differences in neophobia between cane toads from introduced and native populations SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bufo marinus; invasive; marine toad; neophobic; novelty; Rhinella marina ID BUFO-MARINUS; INVASION SUCCESS; HOUSE SPARROWS; BEHAVIORAL FLEXIBILITY; DISPERSAL BEHAVIOR; AUSTRALIAN SNAKES; RANGE-EXPANSION; EXPLORATION; NOVELTY; BIRDS AB For species moving into new environments, locating and using unfamiliar resources is crucial for survival. The cane toad (Rhinella marina) has been successful in many countries worldwide, persisting in both urban and rural landscapes. Given that animals exploiting urban habitats are confronted with novel feeding opportunities, individuals in those areas are expected to exhibit reduced neophobic tendencies compared with individuals in rural populations. Additionally, individuals persisting in introduced populations are expected to be less neophobic than individuals in native populations, taking advantage of novelty as their range expands. To investigate such predictions, we examined the response to novel prey and a novel object in native toads in Panama and introduced populations (urban and rural) in Florida. Toads were tested in an arena with novel or familiar prey and later with a novel object next to familiar prey. We found differences in response to novelty between cane toads in different ranges but not in different habitats. Most introduced individuals from both urban and rural habitats consumed novel prey with no difference in latency to eat between prey types. Few native toads, however, consumed any prey during trials, spending most of their time moving about the arena. When familiar prey was presented near a novel object, more than half of the introduced toads ate, but no native individuals ate. This study emphasizes the importance of behavior as a mechanism used by invasive species to exploit novel resources and successfully colonize new environments. C1 [Candler, Sarah] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Bernal, Ximena E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Bernal, Ximena E.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Candler, S (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, POB 43131, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM sarah.candler@yahoo.com FU TTU; National Science Foundation grant (NSF) [IOS-1258039] FX This work was supported by funding provided to S.C. by TTU Grant in Aid student award. Funding for X.E.B. to do fieldwork in Panama was provided by a National Science Foundation grant (NSF grant IOS-1258039). NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 38 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1045-2249 EI 1465-7279 J9 BEHAV ECOL JI Behav. Ecol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 26 IS 1 BP 97 EP 104 DI 10.1093/beheco/aru162 PG 8 WC Behavioral Sciences; Biology; Ecology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CE6EL UT WOS:000351929300015 ER PT J AU Hinde, K Skibiel, AL Foster, AB Del Rosso, L Mendoza, SP Capitanio, JP AF Hinde, Katie Skibiel, Amy L. Foster, Alison B. Del Rosso, Laura Mendoza, Sally P. Capitanio, John P. TI Cortisol in mother's milk across lactation reflects maternal life history and predicts infant temperament SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE behavioral phenotype; breast milk composition; developmental programming; glucocorticoids; life-history theory; personality ID CERVUS-ELAPHUS-HISPANICUS; MACAQUES MACACA-MULATTA; FEMALE RHESUS MACAQUES; RESTING METABOLIC-RATE; SEX-BIASED INVESTMENT; CORTICOSTEROID RECEPTORS; ANIMAL PERSONALITY; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; STRESS-RESPONSE; MAMMARY-GLAND AB The maternal environment exerts important influences on offspring mass/growth, metabolism, reproduction, neurobiology, immune function, and behavior among birds, insects, reptiles, fish, and mammals. For mammals, mother's milk is an important physiological pathway for nutrient transfer and glucocorticoid signaling that potentially influences offspring growth and behavioral phenotype. Glucocorticoids in mother's milk have been associated with offspring behavioral phenotype in several mammals, but studies have been handicapped by not simultaneously evaluating milk energy density and yield. This is problematic as milk glucocorticoids and nutrients likely have simultaneous effects on offspring phenotype. We investigated mother's milk and infant temperament and growth in a cohort of rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) mother-infant dyads at the California National Primate Research Center (N = 108). Glucocorticoids in mother's milk, independent of available milk energy, predicted a more Nervous, less Confident temperament in both sons and daughters. We additionally found sex differences in the windows of sensitivity and the magnitude of sensitivity to maternal-origin glucocorticoids. Lower parity mothers produced milk with higher cortisol concentrations. Lastly, higher cortisol concentrations in milk were associated with greater infant weight gain across time. Taken together, these results suggest that mothers with fewer somatic resources, even in captivity, may be "programming" through cortisol signaling, behaviorally cautious offspring that prioritize growth. Glucocorticoids ingested through milk may importantly contribute to the assimilation of available milk energy, development of temperament, and orchestrate, in part, the allocation of maternal milk energy between growth and behavioral phenotype. C1 [Hinde, Katie; Skibiel, Amy L.] Harvard Univ, Dept Human Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hinde, Katie; Del Rosso, Laura; Mendoza, Sally P.; Capitanio, John P.] Univ Calif Davis, Calif Natl Primate Res Ctr, Brain Mind & Behav Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hinde, Katie] Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Nutr Lab, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Skibiel, Amy L.] Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Foster, Alison B.] Mills Coll, Div Early Childhood, Oakland, CA 94613 USA. [Mendoza, Sally P.; Capitanio, John P.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Psychol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Hinde, K (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Human Evolutionary Biol, 11 Divin Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM khinde@fas.harvard.edu FU National Science Foundation [BCS-0921978, BCS-0525025]; National Center for Research Resources at the National Institutes of Health [R24RR019970, P51RR000169]; Office of Research Infrastructure Programs/OD at the National Institutes of Health [R24OD010962, P51OD011107] FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (BCS-0921978 and BCS-0525025 to K.H.), the National Center for Research Resources at the National Institutes of Health (R24RR019970 to J.P.C., P51RR000169 to CNPRC), currently supported by the Office of Research Infrastructure Programs/OD at the National Institutes of Health (R24OD010962 to J.P.C., P51OD011107 to CNPRC). NR 156 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 13 U2 56 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1045-2249 EI 1465-7279 J9 BEHAV ECOL JI Behav. Ecol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 26 IS 1 BP 269 EP 281 DI 10.1093/beheco/aru186 PG 13 WC Behavioral Sciences; Biology; Ecology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CE6EL UT WOS:000351929300036 PM 25713475 ER PT J AU Hershler, R Liu, HP Simpson, JS AF Hershler, Robert Liu, Hsiu-Ping Simpson, Jeffrey S. TI Assembly of a micro-hotspot of caenogastropod endemism in the southern Nevada desert, with a description of a new species of Tryonia (Truncatelloidea, Cochliopidae) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Gastropoda; Assimineidae; Hydrobiidae; western United States; aquatic snails; biogeography; taxonomy; conservation ID AMERICAN NYMPHOPHILINE GASTROPODS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA SEQUENCES; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; SPRINGSNAILS HYDROBIIDAE; CRYPTIC DIVERSITY; UNITED-STATES; RIVER-BASIN; GREAT-BASIN; BIOGEOGRAPHY; PYRGULOPSIS AB Newly obtained and previously published sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene were analyzed to examine the biogeographic assembly of the caenogastropod fauna (belonging to the families Assimineidae, Cochliopidae, and Hydrobiidae) of an isolated spring along the lower Colorado River in southern Nevada (Blue Point Spring). Based on available COI clock calibrations, the three lineages that comprise this fauna are 2.78-1.42 million years old, which is roughly coeval or slightly younger than the age of Blue Point Spring (inferred from local fossil spring deposits). Two of the lineages-endemic Pyrgulopsis coloradensis and Assiminea aff. infima-are most closely related to snails in the Death Valley area (well to the west) and likely colonized Blue Point Spring by transport on birds. A single haplotype was detected in both of these snails, suggesting that they may have only recently colonized Blue Point Spring. The third lineage-endemic Tryonia infernalis, newly described herein based on morphological and molecular evidence-is most closely related to a geographically proximal species in a lower Colorado River tributary (T. clathrata); the split between these taxa may be the product of vicariance (severance of a prior drainage connection) or a separate jump dispersal event. The considerable genetic diversity in T. infernalis (three haplotypes differing by 0.6% mean sequence divergence) suggests a possibly lengthy history of local differentiation. Our findings also identify Blue Point Spring as a new micro-hotspot of groundwater-dependent biodiversity in Nevada and will assist ongoing efforts to protect and conserve these imperiled ecosystems. C1 [Hershler, Robert] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Liu, Hsiu-Ping; Simpson, Jeffrey S.] Metropolitan State Univ Denver, Dept Biol, Denver, CO 80217 USA. RP Hershler, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM hershlerr@si.edu FU National Park Service Mojave Desert Network Inventory and Monitoring Program [P13PG00412] FX This project was supported in part by funding from the National Park Service Mojave Desert Network Inventory and Monitoring Program (award # P13PG00412) that was facilitated by Geoffrey Moret. Sampling of Blue Point Spring snails in 2014 was made under the auspices of a scientific collecting permit from the National Park Service (Permit# LAKE-2014-SCI-0005). Kyle Simpson assisted with the fieldwork. The first author thanks Sue Beard for a useful discussion of the possible age of Blue Point Spring. Yolanda Villacampa measured shells and prepared scanning electron micrographs, and Freya Goetz prepared a digital version of the anatomical drawing. Ross Haley, Geoffrey Moret and Mark Sappington provided helpful comments on an early draft of this manuscript, which was also improved by input from two anonymous reviewers. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 492 BP 107 EP 122 DI 10.3897/zookeys.492.9246 PG 16 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CE8JV UT WOS:000352089300003 PM 25878543 ER PT J AU Rincon-Rabanales, M Roubik, DW Guzman, MA Salvador-Figueroa, M Adriano-Anaya, L Ovando, I AF Rincon-Rabanales, Manuel Roubik, David W. Guzman, Miguel A. Salvador-Figueroa, Miguel Adriano-Anaya, Lourdes Ovando, Isidro TI High yields and bee pollination of hermaphroditic rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) in Chiapas, Mexico SO FRUITS LA English DT Article DE Mexico; Chiapas; rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum); pollinators; Apidae; bees; selfing AB Introduction. Many cultivated plants do well with exotic pollinators, and native pollinators can also serve exotic crops. Both can be optimized for agriculture. We studied Nephelium lappaceum L. (Sapindaceae), an andro-dioecious Asian plant, in tropical Mexico. The hermaphrodite flowers were not known to shed viable pollen, and outcrossing from male pollinating plants was thought essential for efficient horticulture. Materials and methods. We used the locally developed CERI61 variety of rambutan and conducted experiments on pollination and fruit yield. An orchard of 1,000 trees was studied intensively during two flowering seasons in Chiapas, Mexico. Plantation yields were recorded for 10 years. We compared open pollination experiments with pollinator exclusion and 'induced pollination' treatments. We caged some trees with colonies of stingless bees: Scaptotrigona and Tetragonisca. Results and discussion. Caged flowers produced fruit, with no male plant present. Pollen dehisced and was viable on approximately 5% of flowers. Trees caged with pollinators, and open pollination treatments revealed 9.1 times more mature fruit than trees without pollinators. Fruit mass was significantly higher in induced pollination treatments. Yields exceeding 7 t ha(-1) were obtained during a ten-year test period. Scaptotrigona mexicana (Apidae, Meliponini) was the main pollinator, followed by social halictid bees (Halictus hesperus). Feral Africanized honeybees were not strongly attracted to flowers. Conclusion. Both stingless bee species in open pollination treatments and within cages showed that fruit production increased nearly 10-fold in this variety of rambutan. Although outcrossing versus selfing did not affect initial mature fruit set, a superior fruit yield, in weight and size, was obtained from selfing mediated by pollinators in caged trees. C1 [Rincon-Rabanales, Manuel; Salvador-Figueroa, Miguel; Adriano-Anaya, Lourdes; Ovando, Isidro] Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Ctr Biociencias, Chiapas 30700, Mexico. [Roubik, David W.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Guzman, Miguel A.] El Colegio Frontera Sur ECOSUR, Chiapas 30700, Mexico. RP Ovando, I (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Ctr Biociencias, Carretera Puerto Madero Km 2-0, Chiapas 30700, Mexico. EM isidro.ovando@unach.mx OI , Miguel Angel/0000-0003-4453-3418 FU Instituto para el Desarrollo Sustentable en Mesoamerica A.C. (IDESMAC) FX The authors thank the Instituto para el Desarrollo Sustentable en Mesoamerica A.C. (IDESMAC), for supporting thesis development (MAO), Ing. Alfonso Espino for orchard facilities, the students of Biotechnology at UNACH for field assistance, and G. Nieto for electronic microscope images. DWR acknowledges Baird fund support, Smithsonian Institution. We thank Julieta Grajales-Conesa for her advice and support during the correction of the manuscript. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 16 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0248-1294 EI 1625-967X J9 FRUITS JI Fruits PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 70 IS 1 BP 23 EP 27 DI 10.1051/fruits/2014039 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Food Science & Technology; Agriculture GA CE4OQ UT WOS:000351810300004 ER PT B AU Touwaide, A AF Touwaide, Alain BA Wexler, P BF Wexler, P TI Murder, Execution, and Suicide in Ancient Greece and Rome SO HISTORY OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH: TOXICOLOGY IN ANTIQUITY, VOL II LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Touwaide, Alain] Inst Preservat Med Tradit, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Touwaide, Alain] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Touwaide, A (reprint author), Inst Preservat Med Tradit, Washington, DC 20013 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL ROAD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND BN 978-0-12-801634-3; 978-0-12-801506-3 PY 2015 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-801506-3.00001-7 PG 8 WC History & Philosophy Of Science; Toxicology SC History & Philosophy of Science; Toxicology GA BC3BP UT WOS:000351516100003 ER PT J AU Kidwell, PA AF Kidwell, Peggy Aldrich TI Useful Instruction for Practical People: Early Printed Discussions of the Slide Rule in the US SO IEEE ANNALS OF THE HISTORY OF COMPUTING LA English DT Article C1 Smithsonian Inst, Math, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Kidwell, PA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Math, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM kidwellp@si.edu NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1058-6180 EI 1934-1547 J9 IEEE ANN HIST COMPUT JI IEEE Ann. Hist. Comput. PD JAN-MAR PY 2015 VL 37 IS 1 BP 36 EP 43 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; History & Philosophy Of Science SC Computer Science; History & Philosophy of Science GA CE0BW UT WOS:000351469000004 ER PT J AU Costa, DNR Mathis, WN Marinoni, L AF Costa, Daniel N. R. Mathis, Wayne N. Marinoni, Luciane TI Morphological phylogenetic analysis confirms the monophyly of Rhysophora Cresson (Diptera: Ephydridae) and provides a framework for a revision of the genus SO INVERTEBRATE SYSTEMATICS LA English DT Article DE cladistic analysis; Eichhornia; Pistia stratiotes; Pontederia; shore flies; taxonomy ID DISCOMYZA MEIGEN DIPTERA; HOMOLOGY ASSESSMENT; PISTIA-STRATIOTES; SHORE; CHARACTERS; FLORIDA AB With discovery of four new Neotropical species, the New World shore-fly genus Rhysophora Cresson, 1924 is revised, including a phylogenetic reassessment of some generic relationships within Discomyzini and of species within Rhysophora. The reconstructed phylogenetic relationships are based on 43 adult morphological characters and resulted in the following discoveries, mostly based on the well-supported cladogram: (1) the monophyly of Rhysophora is corroborated; (2) its sister group is Helaeomyia Cresson, not Guttipsilopa Wirth, as previously proposed; (3) three species groups within Rhysophora are recognized; and (4) greater species diversity is in South America, where there is also greater diversity in host plants. We hypothesise that the two Nearctic species, R. robusta and R. laffooni, resulted from two independent dispersal and speciation events when their water lettuce and pickerel weed hosts also dispersed there from the Neotropics. All of these flies are associated with aquatic plants of the families Pontederiaceae (Pontederia, Eichhornia) and Araceae (Pistia stratiotes), with the exception of R. griseola. All species are redescribed and an identification key, distribution maps and illustrations of male terminalia are provided to assist identification of these species. C1 [Costa, Daniel N. R.; Marinoni, Luciane] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Mathis, Wayne N.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Costa, DNR (reprint author), Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. EM negosekidan@ufpr.br FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [563256/2010-9, 401609/2009-0]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2010/52314-0]; Smithsonian Institution's Biological Diversity of the Guianas Program FX We thank all the reviewers for reviewing a draft of this paper. We are also grateful to our colleagues and their institutions (listed previously) who loaned specimens and support us. Recent field work in Brazil (December 2009-June 2010) that resulted in most of specimens studied in this paper was supported by a grant from CNPq (Visiting Researcher/Process number 401609/2009-0), which we gratefully acknowledge and thank. We thank Dianne Mathis for helping with all aspects of the production of this paper, especially the field work in Brazil. Thanks to the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) (Proc. No. 563256/2010-9) and Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) (Proc. No. 2010/52314-0) for the support to the SISBIOTA Project. We thank Marcoandre Savaris for collecting specimens from Mato Grosso. Funding for field work in Guyana (1997, 2010) was supported by the Smithsonian Institution's Biological Diversity of the Guianas Program (Vicki A. Funk, Director; Carol Kelloff, Coordinator), and this contribution is number 20 in the Smithsonian's Biological Diversity of the Guiana Shield publication series. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-5226 EI 1447-2600 J9 INVERTEBR SYST JI Invertebr. Syst. PY 2015 VL 29 IS 1 BP 71 EP 103 DI 10.1071/IS14028 PG 33 WC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology SC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology GA CE1FG UT WOS:000351556900005 ER PT J AU Zamora, S Sumrall, CD Sprinkle, J AF Zamora, Samuel Sumrall, Colin D. Sprinkle, James TI New long-stemmed eocrinoid from the Furongian Point Peak Shale Member of the Wilberns Formation, central Texas SO JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CAMBRIAN ECHINODERMS AB Llanocystis wilbernsensis n. gen. n. sp. (Eocrinoidea, Echinodermata) is described based on three specimens from the Furongian Point Peak Shale Member of the Wilberns Formation in central Texas. It displays a unique morphology including a very long stem constructed with holomeric columnals, few feeding appendages, and a polyplated theca. The specimens occur in an intraformational conglomerate deposited in a proximal carbonate platform environment and represent an example of the poorly documented "pelmatozoan" radiation that occurred in proximal facies by the end of the Cambrian. C1 [Zamora, Samuel] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Zamora, Samuel] Inst Geol & Minero Espana, Zaragoza 50006, Spain. [Sumrall, Colin D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Sprinkle, James] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Dept Geol Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Zamora, S (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM samuel@unizar.es; csumrall@utk.edu; echino@jsg.utexas.edu FU Post Doctoral grant at the Smithsonian Institution (Springer Fund); Ramon y Cajal Grant [RYC-2012-10576]; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [CGL2013-48877]; NSF [DEB-1036260]; Geology Foundation, University of Texas at Austin FX S. Z. was funded by a Post Doctoral grant at the Smithsonian Institution (Springer Fund) and by a Ramon y Cajal Grant (RYC-2012-10576) and project (CGL2013-48877) from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. Additional funding was provided by NSF for the Assembling the Echinoderm Tree of Life Project DEB-1036260. J.S. was supported by the Geology Foundation, University of Texas at Austin. We appreciate the support of I. Perez (Zaragoza University, Spain) for her assistance with photographs and to N. Hughes (University of California, Riverside) for his help on the geology of the area. Two reviewers, W. I. Ausich and R. L. Parsley, provided valuable input to improve the manuscript. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-3360 EI 1937-2337 J9 J PALEONTOL JI J. Paleontol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 89 IS 1 BP 189 EP 193 DI 10.1017/jpa.2014.16 PG 5 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA CE0EY UT WOS:000351478500015 ER PT J AU Robinson, H AF Robinson, Harold TI Notes on the genus Chionolaena in Colombia with a new species Chionolaena barclayae (Asteraceae, Gnaphalieae) SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Chionolaena; Colombia; Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta; new species AB A new species and a new record for Chionolaena are recorded from Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia adding to the two species of the genus already known from that mountain complex. C1 Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Smithsonian Inst, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Robinson, H (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Smithsonian Inst, MRC 166, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM robinsoh@si.edu NR 2 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2015 VL 46 BP 67 EP 71 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.46.8976 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CE4HH UT WOS:000351791200006 ER PT J AU Stys, P Henry, TJ AF Stys, Pavel Henry, Thomas J. TI A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF COLOBATHRISTIDAE (HEMIPTERA: HETEROPTERA) FROM PERU, A REPLACEMENT NAME FOR THE PREOCCUPIED GENUS LABRADORIA KORMILEV, AND A KEY TO THE NEOTROPICAL GENERA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Insecta; Lygaeoidea; new genus and species; new name; revised key AB The new colobathristid genus Neolabradoria and new species N. inexpectata are described based on a specimen from Pachitea Province, Peru, and the new name Bradaloria is proposed for the preoccupied genus Labradoria Kormilev, 1951. A revised key to the 14 Neotropical colobathristid genera is provided. C1 [Stys, Pavel] Charles Univ Prague, Dept Zool, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic. [Henry, Thomas J.] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, ARS, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Stys, P (reprint author), Charles Univ Prague, Dept Zool, Vincna 7, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic. EM pavelstys@gmail.com; thomas.henry@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 117 IS 1 BP 27 EP 35 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.1.27 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CE1DJ UT WOS:000351552000005 ER PT J AU Thompson, PM Robbins, RK AF Thompson, Paul M. Robbins, Robert K. TI A NEW MONTANE HAIRSTREAK SPECIES FROM CENTRAL AMERICA IN THE DETRITIVOROUS GENUS KISUTAM ( LEPIDOPTERA: LYCAENIDAE: EUMAEINI) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Kisutam micandriana; Kisutam syllis; Costa Rica; Panama ID THECLINAE AB Kisutam rosemary Thompson & Robbins, new species, is described in subtribe Calycopidina from montane forest (2000 m) along the road from Boquete to the summit of Volcan Baru, Chiriqui, Panama. The species is also recorded from Cerro Totuma (Chiriqui) and from Volcan Poas, Costa Rica. Genus Kisutam now contains two allopatric Central American montane species (K. rosemary, K. micandriana) and one widespread, primarily lowland species (K. syllis). The larval food of K. rosemary is unknown, but is presumed to be forest floor detritus, as is true for K. syllis and for most of the Calycopidina. The genitalia and 8th abdominal tergum of K. rosemary and K. micandriana are symmetrical and possess brush organs, which modifies the previous characterization of Kisutam. C1 [Thompson, Paul M.; Robbins, Robert K.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Thompson, PM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,NHB Stop 105, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM pmthomp@aol.com; RobbinsR@SI.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 117 IS 1 BP 36 EP 44 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.1.36 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CE1DJ UT WOS:000351552000006 ER PT J AU Wheeler, AG Henry, TJ AF Wheeler, A. G., Jr. Henry, Thomas J. TI FIRST NORTH AMERICAN RECORD OF THE PALEARCTIC MICROPLAX ALBOFASCIATA (COSTA) (HEMIPTERA: LYGAEOIDEA: OXYCARENIDAE) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Heteroptera; nonindigenous species; new records; California; Mediterranean; invasion pathways ID METOPOPLAX-DITOMOIDES COSTA; UNITED-STATES; HETEROPTERA; INTERCEPTIONS; INVASIONS AB Microplax albofasciata (Costa), a Palearctic (mainly Mediterranean) species of the small family Oxycarenidae, is reported from California as the first record for the New World. Adults of this little-known lygaeoid bug were found in 2012 and 2013 at the Hastings Natural History Reservation in northern Monterey County. It is suggested that this immigrant heteropteran arrived from the Mediterranean Basin in shipments of ceramic tiles (or quarry products) and that California's similar Mediterranean climate aided its establishment. A diagnosis, description, and illustrations are provided to facilitate the recognition of M. albofasciata in the Nearctic Region. C1 [Wheeler, A. G., Jr.] Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Henry, Thomas J.] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, ARS, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Wheeler, AG (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM awhlr@clemson.edu; thomas.henry@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 117 IS 1 BP 55 EP 61 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.1.55 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CE1DJ UT WOS:000351552000008 ER PT J AU Smith, DR Eiseman, CS AF Smith, David R. Eiseman, Charles S. TI THE VIOLET LEAFMINING SAWFLY, NEFUSA AMBIGUA (NORTON) (HYMENOPTERA: TENTHREDINIDAE): DISTRIBUTION, HOSTS, LARVA, LIFE HISTORY NOTES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Smith, David R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM sawfly2@aol.com; ceiseman@gmail.com NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 117 IS 1 BP 70 EP 72 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.117.1.70 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CE1DJ UT WOS:000351552000012 ER PT J AU Xu, X Liu, FX Chen, J Ono, H Li, DQ Kuntner, M AF Xu, Xin Liu, Fengxiang Chen, Jian Ono, Hirotsugu Li, Daiqin Kuntner, Matjaz TI A genus-level taxonomic review of primitively segmented spiders (Mesothelae, Liphistiidae) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE East Asia; Southeast Asia; biogeography; classification; trapdoor spiders; living fossils ID SPECIES ARANEAE; THAILAND; EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR; VIETNAM; SYSTEMATICS; MORPHOLOGY; ORGANS; SILKS; BURMA AB The spider suborder Mesothelae, containing a single extant family Liphistiidae, represents a species-poor and ancient lineage. These are conspicuous spiders that primitively retain a segmented abdomen and appendage-like spinnerets. While their classification history is nearly devoid of phylogenetic hypotheses, we here revise liphistiid genus level taxonomy based on original sampling throughout their Asian range, and on the evidence from a novel molecular phylogeny. By combining morphological and natural history evidence with phylogenetic relationships in the companion paper, we provide strong support for the monophyly of Liphistiidae, and the two subfamilies Liphistiinae and Heptathelinae. While the former only contains Liphistius Schiodte, 1849, a genus distributed in Indonesia (Sumatra), Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, we recognize and diagnose seven heptatheline genera, all but three removed from the synonymy of Heptathela: i) Ganthela Xu & Kuntner, gen. n. with the type species G. yundingensis Xu, sp. n. is known from Fujian and Jiangxi, China; ii) a rediagnosed Heptathela Kishida, 1923 is confined to the Japanese islands (Kyushu and Okinawa); iii) Qiongthela Xu & Kuntner, gen. n. with the type species Q. baishensis Xu, sp. n. is distributed disjunctly in Hainan, China and Vietnam; iv) Ryuthela Haupt, 1983 is confined to the Ryukyu archipelago (Japan); v) Sinothela Haupt, 2003 inhabits Chinese areas north of Yangtze; vi) Songthela Ono, 2000 inhabits southwest China and northern Vietnam; and vii) Vinathela Ono, 2000 (Abcathela Ono, 2000, syn. n.; Nanthela Haupt, 2003, syn. n.) is known from southeast China and Vietnam. C1 [Xu, Xin; Liu, Fengxiang; Chen, Jian; Li, Daiqin; Kuntner, Matjaz] Hubei Univ, CBEE, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430062, Peoples R China. [Xu, Xin; Liu, Fengxiang; Chen, Jian; Li, Daiqin; Kuntner, Matjaz] Hubei Univ, Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Green Transformat Bi, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430062, Peoples R China. [Li, Daiqin] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Kuntner, Matjaz] Biol Inst ZRC SAZU, Evolutionary Zool Lab, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Kuntner, Matjaz] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Ono, Hirotsugu] Natl Museum Nat & Sci, Dept Zool, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050005, Japan. RP Li, DQ (reprint author), Hubei Univ, CBEE, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430062, Peoples R China. EM dbslidq@nus.edu.sg; kuntner@gmail.com RI Li, Daiqin/D-6922-2013; xu, xin/E-5012-2017 OI Li, Daiqin/0000-0001-8269-7734; xu, xin/0000-0001-5632-6622 FU NSFC [31272324]; Singapore Ministry of Education (MOE) [R-154-000-591-112]; Slovenian Research Agency [P1-10236, MU-PROM/12-001] FX This work was partially supported by NSFC grant (31272324) and Singapore Ministry of Education (MOE) AcRF Tier 1 grant (R-154-000-591-112) to D.L. and by P1-10236 and MU-PROM/12-001 grants from the Slovenian Research Agency to M.K. We thank Peter Jager for kindly providing information on localities in Laos, Gary Ades, Paul Crow, Yorkie Wong and Zoie Wong for assistance with permits and with fieldwork in Hong Kong, Xianjin Peng, Xiang Xu, Zhisheng Zhang, Luyu Wang, Bo Wu, Chengqiong Wu, Tingbang Yang and Zizhong Yang for assistance with fieldwork in China and Laos, Dinh Sac Pham, Chu Thi Thao, Neuyen Thi Dinh for help in Vietnam, Zoltan Korsos, Mamoru Toda and Bo Wu for kind help in the field in Japan. We thank Ingi Agnarsson and Miquel Arnedo for comments and advice. We also thank the staff of the Centre for Behavioural Ecology and Evolution (CBEE, Hubei University) and of the Behavioural Ecology and Sociobiology Lab (DBS, NUS) for all their help and support throughout this study, in particularly Zhanqi Chen, Seok Ping Goh, Xiaoguo Jiao, Hongze Li, Jie Liu, Yu Peng, Xiaoyan Wang, Chen Xu, Long Yu and Zengtao Zhang. We thank Jeremy Miller and three anonymous reviewers for their valuable feedback. NR 87 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 13 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 488 BP 121 EP 151 DI 10.3897/zookeys.488.8726 PG 31 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CD7TU UT WOS:000351296700007 PM 25878527 ER PT J AU Gutierrez, EE Pine, RH AF Gutierrez, Eliecer E. Pine, Ronald H. TI No need to replace an "anomalous" primate (Primates) with an "anomalous" bear (Carnivora, Ursidae) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Mitochondrial DNA; phylogenetics; Ursus maritimus; Ursus arctos; Himalayas; yeti; cryptozoology ID COMPLETE MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME; DNA-SEQUENCES; POLAR BEARS; BROWN BEAR; PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE; URSUS-ARCTOS; GENE FLOW; REVEAL; NUCLEAR; LINEAGE AB By means of mitochondrial 12S rRNA sequencing of putative "yeti", "bigfoot", and other "anomalous primate" hair samples, a recent study concluded that two samples, presented as from the Himalayas, do not belong to an "anomalous primate", but to an unknown, anomalous type of ursid. That is, that they match 12S rRNA sequences of a fossil Polar Bear (Ursus maritimus), but neither of modern Polar Bears, nor of Brown Bears (Ursus arctos), the closest relative of Polar Bears, and one that occurs today in the Himalayas. We have undertaken direct comparison of sequences; replication of the original comparative study; inference of phylogenetic relationships of the two samples with respect to those from all extant species of Ursidae (except for the Giant Panda, Ailuropoda melanoleuca) and two extinct Pleistocene species; and application of a non-tree-based population aggregation approach for species diagnosis and identification. Our results demonstrate that the very short fragment of the 12S rRNA gene sequenced by Sykes et al. is not sufficiently informative to support the hypotheses provided by these authors with respect to the taxonomic identity of the individuals from which these sequences were obtained. We have concluded that there is no reason to believe that the two samples came from anything other than Brown Bears. These analyses afforded an opportunity to test the monophyly of morphologically defined species and to comment on both their phylogenetic relationships and future efforts necessary to advance our understanding of ursid systematics. C1 [Gutierrez, Eliecer E.] Smithsonian Inst, Div Mammals, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Gutierrez, Eliecer E.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Pine, Ronald H.] Univ Kansas, Biodivers Inst, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Pine, Ronald H.] Univ Kansas, Nat Hist Museum, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RP Gutierrez, EE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Div Mammals, Natl Museum Nat Hist, NHB 390,MRC 108,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM GutierrezE@si.edu RI Gutierrez, Eliecer/D-5703-2014 OI Gutierrez, Eliecer/0000-0001-6790-8185 FU National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution FX Beverly Morey assisted with the manuscript. Franziska Bauer, two anonymous reviewers, and the editor provided helpful comments that improved the quality of the manuscript. The first author received support from the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, through a Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship. We thank the following authors, some of them credited by their Wikipedia user names, for allowing free use of their bear photographs through Wikipedia: user Connormah (Helarctos malayanus; Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic License), Greg Hume (Ursus americanus), Francis C. Franklin (U. arctos; Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported [CCASAU3]), Alan Wilson (U. maritimus; CCASAU3), user Ra'ike (U. spelaeus; CCASAU3), user Asiir (Melursus ursinus; Public Domain). NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 19 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 487 BP 141 EP 154 DI 10.3897/zookeys.487.9176 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CD6BS UT WOS:000351174300005 PM 25829853 ER PT J AU Turner, BL Torres, IC Reddy, KR AF Turner, Benjamin L. Torres, Isabela C. Reddy, K. Ramesh TI Response to Comment on "The Chemical Nature of Phosphorus in Subtropical Lake Sediments", by Kenney et al. SO AQUATIC GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Polyphosphate; Lake Apopka; Solution phosphorus-31 NMR spectroscopy; Sediment ID P-31 NMR; POLYPHOSPHATE; SPECTROSCOPY AB Polyphosphate is a quantitatively important and dynamic component of the sedimentary phosphorus in many lakes. Kenney et al. correctly note that we misrepresented their data on polyphosphate in Lake Apopka in our article on the phosphorus composition of subtropical lake sediments, and we regret this error. However, we reiterate that their operationally defined heat extraction procedure overestimates polyphosphate in lake sediments because it includes phosphorus from a number of non-polyphosphate sources. In contrast, our measurements by solution P-31 NMR spectroscopy provide direct quantification of polyphosphate in Lake Apopka sediments and are therefore closer to the true values. Future studies addressing the origins and dynamics of polyphosphate in the environment should employ analytical procedures that unequivocally identify and quantify polyphosphate. C1 [Turner, Benjamin L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Torres, Isabela C.; Reddy, K. Ramesh] Univ Florida, Soil & Water Sci Dept, Wetland Biogeochem Lab, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Turner, BL (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM TurnerBL@si.edu RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011 OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722 NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1380-6165 EI 1573-1421 J9 AQUAT GEOCHEM JI Aquat. Geochem. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 21 IS 1 BP 7 EP 9 DI 10.1007/s10498-014-9242-y PG 3 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA CC9EK UT WOS:000350670700002 ER PT J AU Ginsburg, A Bally, J Battersby, C Youngblood, A Darling, J Rosolowsky, E Arce, H Santos, MEL AF Ginsburg, Adam Bally, John Battersby, Cara Youngblood, Allison Darling, Jeremy Rosolowsky, Erik Arce, Hector Santos, Mayra E. Lebron TI The dense gas mass fraction in the W51 cloud and its protoclusters SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE turbulence; ISM: clouds; HII regions; ISM: molecules; ISM: structure; radio lines: ISM ID GALACTIC PLANE SURVEY; STAR-FORMATION RATE; GIANT MOLECULAR CLOUDS; SUPERNOVA REMNANT W51C; FORMING COMPLEX W51; H II REGIONS; FORMATION RATES; MILKY-WAY; FORMATION EFFICIENCY; DYNAMICAL COLLAPSE AB Context. The density structure of molecular clouds determines how they will evolve. Aims. We map the velocity-resolved density structure of the most vigorously star-forming molecular cloud in the Galactic disk, the W51 giant molecular cloud. Methods. We present new 2 cm and 6 cm maps of H2CO, radio recombination lines, and the radio continuum in the W51 star forming complex acquired with Arecibo and the Green Bank Telescope at similar to 50 '' resolution. We use H2CO absorption to determine the relative line-of-sight positions of molecular and ionized gas. We measure gas densities using the H2CO densitometer, including continuous measurements of the dense gas mass fraction (DGMF) over the range 10(4) cm(-3) < n(H-2) < 10(6) cm(-3) - this is the first time a dense gas mass fraction has been measured over a range of densities with a single data set. Results. The DGMF in W51 A is high, f greater than or similar to 70% above n > 10(4) cm(-3), while it is low, f < 20%, in W51 B. We did not detect any H2CO emission throughout the W51 GMC; all gas dense enough to emit under normal conditions is in front of bright continuum sources and therefore is seen in absorption instead. Conclusions. (1) The dense gas fraction in the W51 A and B clouds shows that W51 A will continue to form stars vigorously, while star formation has mostly ended in W51 B. The lack of dense, star-forming gas around W51 C indicates that collect-and-collapse is not acting or is inefficient in W51. (2) Ongoing high-mass star formation is correlated with n greater than or similar to 1 x 10(5) cm(-3) gas. Gas with n > 10(4) cm(-3) is weakly correlated with low and moderate mass star formation, but does not strongly correlate with high-mass star formation. (3) The nondetection of H2CO emission implies that the emission detected in other galaxies, e.g. Arp 220, comes from high-density gas that is not directly affiliated with already-formed massive stars. Either the non-star-forming ISM of these galaxies is very dense, implying the star formation density threshold is higher, or HII regions have their emission suppressed. C1 [Ginsburg, Adam] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Bally, John; Youngblood, Allison; Darling, Jeremy] Univ Colorado, CASA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Battersby, Cara] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Rosolowsky, Erik] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E1, Canada. [Arce, Hector] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Santos, Mayra E. Lebron] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Phys Sci, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. RP Ginsburg, A (reprint author), European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM Adam.G.Ginsburg@gmail.com OI Ginsburg, Adam/0000-0001-6431-9633; Darling, Jeremy/0000-0003-2511-2060 FU NSERC of Canada; National Science Foundation [AST-9800334, AST-0098562, AST-0100793, AST-0228993, AST-0507657] FX We thank Xiaohui Sun for providing the Urumqi 6 cm Stokes I image prior to its availability on the survey website. The paper benefitted from discussions with Jonathan Tan, Neal Evans, and Diederik Kruijssen. We thank our referee Jeff Mangum for a helpful and rapid referee report. We are grateful to the editor, Malcolm Walmsley, for additional comments and for catching many small but significant errors. E.R. is supported by a Discovery Grant from NSERC of Canada. This research has made use of the VizieR catalogue access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France. The original description of the VizieR service was published in (Ochsenbein et al. 2000). This publication makes use of molecular line data from the Boston University-FCRAO Galactic Ring Survey (GRS). The GRS is a joint project of Boston University and Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory, funded by the National Science Foundation under grants AST-9800334, AST-0098562, AST-0100793, AST-0228993, & AST-0507657. This research has made use of the NASA/ IPAC Infrared Science Archive, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 103 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 573 AR A106 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424979 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CD1AM UT WOS:000350806000039 ER PT J AU Goddi, C Zhang, Q Moscadelli, L AF Goddi, C. Zhang, Q. Moscadelli, L. TI Hot ammonia around young O-type stars I. JVLA imaging of NH3 (6,6) to (14,14) in NGC 7538 IRS1 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ISM: molecules; stars: formation; techniques: interferometric; circumstellar matter; radio lines: ISM; ISM: kinematics and dynamics ID DISK ACCRETION; ROTATING TOROIDS; STELLAR OBJECT; NGC-7538 IRS-1; CH3OH MASER; EMISSION; OUTFLOW; REGION; AU; RESOLUTION AB Context. The formation of massive (O-type) stars through the same accretion processes as low-mass stars is problematic, mainly because of the feedback massive stars provide to the environment, which halts the accretion. In order to constrain theoretical models of high-mass star formation, observational signatures of mass accretion in 0-type forming stars are desirable. The high-mass star forming region NGC 7538 IRS1 (distance = 2.7 kpc) is an ideal target, because VLBI measurements of CH30H masers recently identified a triple system of high-mass young stellar object (YS0s) in the region: IRS1a. IRS lb, and IRS lc. The first two YSOs seem to be surrounded by rotating disks. Aims. We want to characterize physical conditions and kinematics of circumstellar molecular gas around 0-type young stars. Subarcsecond resolution observations of highly-excited lines from high-density tracers are useful, since these probe the hottest and densest gas, which presumably is close to 0-type forming stars, i.e., in disks and the innermost portions of envelopes. Methods. Using the Ka rUansky Very Large Array (JVLA), we have mapped the hot and dense molecular gas in the hot core associated with NGC 7538 IRS I, with similar to 0 ''.2 angular resolution, in seven metastable (./ = K) inversion transitions of ammonia (NH3): K) = (6, 6), (7, 7), (9, 9), (10, 10), (12, 12), (13, 13), and (14, 14). These lines arise from energy levels between -400 K and -1950 K above the ground state, and are observed in absorption against the HC-HII region associated with NGC 7538 IRS 1. The CH3OH = 13,-131 and CH1CN (2-1) lines were also included in our spectral setup, but only the former was detected. We also obtained sensitive continuum maps at frequencies between 25 and 35 GHz. Results. For each transition, we produced resolved images of total intensity and velocity field, as well as position-velocity diagrams. The intensity maps show that the NH-, absorption follows the continuum emission closely. With a 500 AU linear resolution, we resolve the elongated north-south NH3 structure into two compact components: the main core and a southermnost component. Previous observations of the radio continuum with a 0 ''.'08 (or 200 AU) resolution, resolved in turn the compact core in two (northern and southern) components. The velocity maps of the compact core show a clear velocity gradient in all lines, which is indicative of rotation. It is possible that the rotation is not in an accretion disk but in a (circumbinary) envelope, containing -40 M (dynamical mass). The core hosts a binary system of massive YS0s, associated with the two (northern and southern) components of the radio continuum, whi.ch have a separation of about 500 AU and velocities around -59 km s(-1) and -56.4 km s(-1), respectively. The southernmost component, separated by 1000 AU and resolved in off NH3 maps (0.'' 2 beamsize) from the core, is associated with a third massive YSO, with a velocity around -60 km These features correspond to the triple system of high-mass YSOs IRS la, IRS lb, and IRS lc. In addition, we derive rotational temperatures. NY3 column densities. H-2 gas densities, and gas masses from the NH3 data. Surprisingly, measurements of the hyperfine structure show total optical depths of 10-26 even for these highly-excited lines, among the largest found so far in hot NIH3 in high-mass star forming regions. From ratios of optical depths as well as rotational temperature diagrams of the observed ortho and para transitions, we derive a rotational temperature -280 K. NH3 column densities -1.4-2.5 x 1019 cm(-2), total H-2 voltune densities -3.5-6.2 x 1010 cm(-3), and a total gas mass in the range of 19-34 MQ (the latter two assume [NH4[112] =, 1.0-7), for the main core..For the southern component, we derive a temperature of 110 K, a molecular density of 0.7-2 x 1010 cm(-3) and a gas mass in the range of 4-12 Ai, Conclusions. We conclude that NGC 7538 IRS1 is the densest hot molecular core known to date, containing a rotating envelope which hosts a multiple system of high-mass YSOs, possibly surrounded by accretion disks. Future JVLA observations in the A-configuration are needed to resolve the binary system in the core and may allow the study of the gas kinematics in the accretion disks associated with individual binary members. C1 [Goddi, C.] Joint Inst VLBI Europe, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Zhang, Q.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Moscadelli, L.] Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, I-50125 Florence, Italy. RP Goddi, C (reprint author), Joint Inst VLBI Europe, Postbox 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. EM goddi@jive.nl FU JVLA program [12A-274] FX We thank the anonymous referee for a constructive report. We are grateful to Malcolm Walmsley for carefully reading the manuscript and for providing useful suggestions. We are grateful to Xing Lu and A. Sanchez-Monge for helping on different spectral line fitting methods. These data were obtained under JVLA program 12A-274. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 573 AR A108 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424832 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CD1AM UT WOS:000350806000031 ER PT J AU Goddi, C Henkel, C Zhang, Q Zapata, L Wilson, TL AF Goddi, C. Henkel, C. Zhang, Q. Zapata, L. Wilson, T. L. TI Hot ammonia around young O-type stars II. JVLA imaging of highly excited metastable NH3 masers in W51-North SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE masers; stars: formation; ISM: molecules; radio lines: ISM; ISM: individual objects: W51; ISM: clouds ID W51 MASSIVE CORES; FORMING REGIONS; NONMETASTABLE AMMONIA; INTERSTELLAR AMMONIA; DYNAMICAL COLLAPSE; SOURCE I; EMISSION; RESOLUTION; AU; VARIABILITY AB Context. This paper is the second in a series of ammonia (NH3) multilevel imaging studies in high-mass star forming regions. Aims. We want to identify the location of the maser emission from highly excited levels of ammonia within the W51 IRS2 high-mass star forming complex that was previously discovered in a single dish monitoring program. Methods. We have used the Karl Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA) at the 1 cm band to map five highly excited metastable inversion transitions of NH3, (J, K) = (6, 6), (7, 7), (9, 9), (10, 10), and (13, 13), in W51 IRS2 with similar to 0.'' 2 angular resolution. Results. We present detections of both thermal (extended) ammonia emission in the five inversion lines, with rotational states ranging in energy from about 400 K to 1700 K, and point-like ammonia maser emission in the (6, 6), (7, 7), and (9, 9) lines. For the point-like emission, we estimate lower limits to the peak brightness temperatures of 1.7 x 10(5) K, 6 x 10(3) K, and 1 x 10(4) K for the (6, 6), (7, 7), and (9, 9) transitions, respectively, confirming their maser nature. The thermal ammonia emits around a local standard of rest velocity of V-LSR = 60 km s(-1), near the cloud's systemic velocity, appears elongated in the east-west direction across 4 '' and is confined by the HII regions W51d (to the north), W51d1 (to the east), and W51d2 (to the west). The NH3 masers are observed in the eastern tip of the dense clump traced by thermal NH3, offset by 0.'' 65 to the east from its emission peak, and have a peak velocity at similar to 47.5 km s(-1). No maser components are detected near the systemic velocity. The NH3 masers arise close to but separated from (0.'' 65 or 3500 AU) the rare vibrationally excited SiO masers, which are excited in a powerful bipolar outflow driven by the deeply embedded high-mass young stellar object (YSO) W51-North. This means that the two maser species cannot be excited by the same object. Interestingly, the NH3 masers originate at the same sky position as a peak in a submm line of SO2 imaged with the Submillimeter Array, tracing a face-on circumstellar disk or ring around W51-North. In addition, the thermal emission from the most highly excited NH3 lines, (10, 10) and (13, 13), shows two main condensations, the dominant one towards W51-North with the SiO and H2O masers, and a weaker peak at the NH3 maser position. Conclusions. We propose a scenario where the ring seen in SO2 emission is a circumbinary disk surrounding (at least) two high-mass YSOs, W51-North (exciting the SiO masers) and a nearby companion (exciting the NH3 masers), separated by 3500 AU. This finding indicates a physical connection (in a binary) between the two rare SiO and NH3 maser species. C1 [Goddi, C.] Joint Inst VLBI Europe, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Henkel, C.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Henkel, C.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Astron, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. [Zhang, Q.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zapata, L.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Mexico City 58089, DF, Mexico. [Wilson, T. L.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Goddi, C (reprint author), Joint Inst VLBI Europe, Postbox 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. EM goddi@jive.nl NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 573 AR A109 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424696 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CD1AM UT WOS:000350806000029 ER PT J AU O'Sullivan, E Combes, F Hamer, S Salome, P Babul, A Raychaudhury, S AF O'Sullivan, E. Combes, F. Hamer, S. Salome, P. Babul, A. Raychaudhury, S. TI Cold gas in group-dominant elliptical galaxies SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: star formation; galaxies: groups: general; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics; galaxies: general ID COOLING FLOW CLUSTERS; X-RAY CAVITIES; MOLECULAR GAS; STAR-FORMATION; ATLAS(3D) PROJECT; XMM-NEWTON; NGC 5044; HOT GAS; CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS; PERSEUS CLUSTER AB We present IRAM 30 m telescope observations of the CO(1-0) and (2-1) lines in a sample of 11 group-dominant elliptical galaxies selected from the CLoGS nearby groups sample. Our observations confirm the presence of molecular gas in 4 of the 11 galaxies at >4 sigma significance, and combining these with data from the literature we find a detection rate of 43 +/- 14%, comparable to the detection rate for nearby radio galaxies, suggesting that group-dominant ellipticals may be more likely to contain molecular gas than their non-central counterparts. Those group-dominant galaxies which are detected typically contain similar to 2x10(8) M-circle dot of molecular gas, and although most have low star formation rates (<1 M-circle dot yr(-1)) they have short depletion times, indicating that the gas must be replenished on timescales similar to 10(8) yr. Almost all of the galaxies contain active nuclei, and we note while the data suggest that CO may be more common in the most radio-loud galaxies, the mass of molecular gas required to power the active nuclei through accretion is small compared to the masses observed. We consider possible origin mechanisms for the gas, through cooling of stellar ejecta within the galaxies, group-scale cooling flows, and gas-rich mergers, and find probable examples of each type within our sample, confirming that a variety of processes act to drive the build up of molecular gas in group-dominant ellipticals. C1 [O'Sullivan, E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Combes, F.; Hamer, S.; Salome, P.] Observ Paris, LERMA, CNRS, UMR 8112, F-75014 Paris, France. [Babul, A.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. [Raychaudhury, S.] Presidency Univ, Dept Phys, Kolkata 700073, India. [Raychaudhury, S.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. RP O'Sullivan, E (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS-50, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM eosullivan@cfa.harvard.edu OI O'Sullivan, Ewan/0000-0002-5671-6900; Combes, Francoise/0000-0003-2658-7893 FU European Research Council [267399]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [AR3-14014X]; NSERC Canada FX We thank M. Brown for providing 1.4 GHz flux limits for two galaxies, and the anonymous referee for comments which have improved the paper. The IRAM staff is gratefully acknowledged for their help in the data acquisition. F.C. and S.H. acknowledge the European Research Council for the Advanced Grant Program Number 267399-Momentum. E.O'S. acknowledges support from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award Number AR3-14014X issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, and A.B. from NSERC Canada through the Discovery Grant Program. A.B. would like to thank the LERMA group of l'Observatoire de Paris and the IAP for hosting his visits. This work made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), and of the HyperLeda database. NR 65 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 573 AR A111 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424835 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CD1AM UT WOS:000350806000032 ER PT J AU Liu, C Liu, X Kowalewski, MG Janz, SJ Abad, GG Pickering, KE Chance, K Lamsal, LN AF Liu, C. Liu, X. Kowalewski, M. G. Janz, S. J. Abad, G. Gonzalez Pickering, K. E. Chance, K. Lamsal, L. N. TI Characterization and verification of ACAM slit functions for trace-gas retrievals during the 2011 DISCOVER-AQ flight campaign SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID OZONE MONITORING INSTRUMENT; NO2; SPECTROMETER; DOAS AB The Airborne Compact Atmospheric Mapper (ACAM), an ultraviolet/visible/near-infrared spectrometer, has been flown on board the NASA UC-12 aircraft during the Deriving Information on Surface Conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality (DISCOVER-AQ) campaigns to provide remote sensing observations of tropospheric and boundary-layer pollutants from its radiance measurements. To assure the tracegas retrieval from ACAM measurements we perform detailed characterization and verification of ACAM slit functions. The wavelengths and slit functions of ACAM measurements are characterized for the air-quality channel (similar to 304-500 nm) through cross-correlation with a high-resolution solar irradiance reference spectrum after necessarily accounting for atmospheric gas absorption and the ring effect in the calibration process. The derived slit functions, assuming a hybrid combination of asymmetric Gaussian and top-hat slit functions, agree very well with the laboratory-measured slit functions. Comparisons of trace-gas retrievals between using derived and measured slit functions demonstrate that the cross-correlation technique can be reliably used to characterize slit functions for trace-gas retrievals. C1 [Liu, C.; Liu, X.; Abad, G. Gonzalez; Chance, K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kowalewski, M. G.; Lamsal, L. N.] USRA, Goddard Earth Sci Technol & Res, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Kowalewski, M. G.; Janz, S. J.; Pickering, K. E.; Lamsal, L. N.] NASA, Goddard Space & Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Liu, X (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM xliu@cfa.harvard.edu RI Liu, Xiong/P-7186-2014; Pickering, Kenneth/E-6274-2012; OI Liu, Xiong/0000-0003-2939-574X; Gonzalez Abad, Gonzalo/0000-0002-8090-6480 FU NASA, as part of the NASA Earth Venture-1 DISCOVER-AQ project [NNX11AH77G, NNX12AJ66G]; Smithsonian Institution FX Funding for this work at Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory is provided by NASA Grants NNX11AH77G and NNX12AJ66G, as part of the NASA Earth Venture-1 DISCOVER-AQ project, and by the Smithsonian Institution. We acknowledge James Crawford for his strong support of this work. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1867-1381 EI 1867-8548 J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH JI Atmos. Meas. Tech. PY 2015 VL 8 IS 2 BP 751 EP 759 DI 10.5194/amt-8-751-2015 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CC7OR UT WOS:000350558300016 ER PT J AU Wagner, K Mendieta-Leiva, G Zotz, G AF Wagner, Katrin Mendieta-Leiva, Glenda Zotz, Gerhard TI Host specificity in vascular epiphytes: a review of methodology, empirical evidence and potential mechanisms SO AOB PLANTS LA English DT Review DE Biodiversity; host bias; host preference; host specificity; specialization; structurally dependent plants; vascular epiphytes ID LOWLAND RAIN-FOREST; CLOUD FOREST; COSTA-RICA; NEW-ZEALAND; ECOLOGICAL SPECIALIZATION; TILLANDSIA-USNEOIDES; SPECIES RICHNESS; SPANISH MOSS; LA-SELVA; VERTICAL STRATIFICATION AB Information on the degree of host specificity is fundamental for an understanding of the ecology of structurally dependent plants such as vascular epiphytes. Starting with the seminal paper of A.F.W. Schimper on epiphyte ecology in the late 19th century over 200 publications have dealt with the issue of host specificity in vascular epiphytes. We review and critically discuss this extensive literature. The available evidence indicates that host ranges of vascular epiphytes are largely unrestricted while a certain host bias is ubiquitous. However, tree size and age and spatial auto-correlation of tree and epiphyte species have not been adequately considered in most statistical analyses. More refined null expectations and adequate replication are needed to allow more rigorous conclusions. Host specificity could be caused by a large number of tree traits (e.g. bark characteristics and architectural traits), which influence epiphyte performance. After reviewing the empirical evidence for their relevance, we conclude that future research should use a more comprehensive approach by determining the relative importance of various potential mechanisms acting locally and by testing several proposed hypotheses regarding the relative strength of host specificity in different habitats and among different groups of structurally dependent flora. C1 [Wagner, Katrin; Mendieta-Leiva, Glenda; Zotz, Gerhard] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Biol & Umweltwissensch, AG Funkt Okol, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. [Zotz, Gerhard] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Wagner, K (reprint author), Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Biol & Umweltwissensch, AG Funkt Okol, Carl von Ossietzky Str 9-11, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. EM ka.wagner@uni-oldenburg.de OI Mendieta-Leiva, Glenda/0000-0002-0156-4153 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Zo 94/5-1] FX This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Zo 94/5-1). NR 201 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 6 U2 35 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2041-2851 J9 AOB PLANTS JI Aob Plants PY 2015 VL 7 AR plu092 DI 10.1093/aobpla/plu092 PG 25 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CC7PB UT WOS:000350559300001 ER PT J AU Tscharntke, T Milder, JC Schroth, G Clough, Y DeClerck, F Waldron, A Rice, R Ghazoul, J AF Tscharntke, Teja Milder, Jeffrey C. Schroth, Gotz Clough, Yann DeClerck, Fabrice Waldron, Anthony Rice, Robert Ghazoul, Jaboury TI Conserving Biodiversity Through Certification of Tropical Agroforestry Crops at Local and Landscape Scales SO CONSERVATION LETTERS LA English DT Review DE Agricultural intensification; sustainable management; market incentives; conservation effectiveness; smallholder farmers; spatial planning; voluntary sustainability standards; coffee and cocoa; ecosystem services ID SHADE COFFEE CERTIFICATION; CONSERVATION; AGRICULTURE; FOREST; INTENSIFICATION; MANAGEMENT; SUSTAINABILITY; SERVICES; BENEFITS; SYSTEMS AB Voluntary sustainability standards and certification offer a promising mechanism to mitigate the severe negative impacts of agricultural expansion and intensification on tropical biodiversity. From a conservation standpoint, certification of tropical agroforestry crops, especially coffee and cocoa, is of particular interest given the potentially high biodiversity value of agroforestry systems and the substantial market penetration of coffee and cocoa certification in recent years. Here, we review experience with coffee and cocoa certification, summarize evidence on conservation impacts, and explore future needs. While there is much evidence that environmental criteria behind certification support biodiversity conservation, it is less clear to what extent certification is the cause of improved conservation outcomes. Additionally, the farm-scale focus of current certification models may limit delivery of biodiversity conservation benefits, as maintenance of biodiversity depends on processes at larger landscape scales. To address this scale mismatch, we suggest that investment and innovation in certification over the next decade prioritize landscape conservation outcomes. This may be achieved by (1) linking existing certification mechanisms with broader landscape and ecosystem service management approaches and/or (2) expanding current certification models to consider the landscape itself as the certified unit. C1 [Tscharntke, Teja; Clough, Yann] Univ Gottingen, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Milder, Jeffrey C.] Rainforest Alliance, New York, NY 10279 USA. [Schroth, Gotz] Rainforest Alliance, NL-6708 LT Wageningen, Netherlands. [DeClerck, Fabrice] Biovers Int, Agrobiodivers & Ecosyst Serv Program, F-34397 Montpellier, France. [Waldron, Anthony] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. [Waldron, Anthony] Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Dept Ciencias Biol, Ilheus Itabuna, BA, Brazil. [Rice, Robert] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Ghazoul, Jaboury] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Terr Ecosyst, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Tscharntke, T (reprint author), Univ Gottingen, Grisebachstr 6, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. EM ttschar@gwdg.de FU DFG [CRC 990 EFF]; CGIAR research program on Water Land and Ecosystems FX Author sequence follows the "sequence-determines-credit" norm (see Tscharntke et al. 2007). We thank E. Millard, D. Newsom, A. Baldi, M. Schwartz, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. TT and YC were supported by the DFG (CRC 990 EFF or TS) and FDC by the CGIAR research program on Water Land and Ecosystems. NR 58 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 14 U2 61 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-263X J9 CONSERV LETT JI Conserv. Lett. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 8 IS 1 BP 14 EP 23 DI 10.1111/conl.12110 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA CC7JT UT WOS:000350544200002 ER PT J AU Spear, ER Coley, PD Kursar, TA AF Spear, Erin R. Coley, Phyllis D. Kursar, Thomas A. TI Do pathogens limit the distributions of tropical trees across a rainfall gradient? SO JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE determinants of plant community diversity and structure; plant disease ecology; plant ranges; plant-pathogen interactions; precipitation gradient; regional forest diversity; seedling mortality; seedling recruitment; seedlings; tropical forest ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; RELATIVE ABUNDANCE; FUNGAL PATHOGENS; FOREST; SEEDLINGS; DROUGHT; DISPERSAL; DIVERSITY; PATTERNS; SOIL AB 1. Organisms are adapted to particular habitats; consequently, community composition changes across environmental gradients, enhancing regional diversity. In Panama, a rainfall gradient correlates with the spatial turnover of tree species. While strong evidence suggests that tree species common in the wetter forests are excluded from the drier forests by seasonal drought, the factor(s) excluding drought-tolerant species, common in the drier forests, from the wetter forests remain ambiguous. 2. Here, we show that seedlings were significantly more likely to suffer pathogen-caused damage and mortality in the wetter forest. While seedlings of dry-and wet-forest species were equally likely to suffer pathogen attack, seedlings of dry-forest species were significantly more likely to die when attacked and tended to suffer more pathogen-caused mortality overall. Furthermore, seedlings of dry-forest species suffered pathogen-caused mortality in the forest in which they do not naturally occur and in which conspecific and/or congeneric adults are absent or rare, indicating that some pathogens are relatively widespread and/or are capable of damaging multiple host species. 3. Synthesis. Elevated risk of pathogen-caused damage and mortality in the wetter forests and a greater impact to host fitness from pathogen attack for seedlings of dry-forest species suggest that pathogens may enhance regional forest diversity by contributing to changes in tree species composition via the exclusion of dry-forest tree species from the wetter forests. This study highlights a potentially widespread and under explored mechanism by which pathogens shape plant communities at the landscape scale. An understanding of how species' distributions are shaped by the interplay between abiotic and biotic factors is essential for conservation biology. C1 [Spear, Erin R.; Coley, Phyllis D.; Kursar, Thomas A.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Coley, Phyllis D.; Kursar, Thomas A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Spear, ER (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Biol, 257 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM e.spear@utah.edu FU Sigma Xi; Smithsonian Institution; NSF [DEB-0444590]; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX Funding was provided by Sigma Xi (to E.R.S.), the Smithsonian Institution (to E.R.S.) and by NSF DEB-0444590 (to T.A.K. and P.D.C.). Additional funding, logistical support and facilities were provided by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. We thank R. Perez for help with tree species identification, D. Martinez for field assistance, Drs. J. Wright, E. Leigh, G. Gilbert and S. Mangan for guidance, Dr. J. Terborgh for comments on the manuscript, Parque Natural Metropolitano and Dr. D. Roubik for access to the forest study sites and the Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente for authorizing the research. NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-0477 EI 1365-2745 J9 J ECOL JI J. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 103 IS 1 BP 165 EP 174 DI 10.1111/1365-2745.12339 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC7KV UT WOS:000350547200017 ER PT J AU Flann, C McNeill, J Barrie, FR Nicolson, DH Hawksworth, DL Turland, NJ Monro, AM AF Flann, Christina McNeill, John Barrie, Fred R. Nicolson, Dan H. Hawksworth, David L. Turland, Nicholas J. Monro, Anna M. TI Report on botanical nomenclature-Vienna 2005. XVII International Botanical Congress,Vienna: Nomenclature Section, 12-16 July 2005 SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article C1 [Flann, Christina] Nat Biodivers Ctr, Species 2000, NL-2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands. [McNeill, John] Royal Bot Garden, Edinburgh EH3 5LR, Midlothian, Scotland. [McNeill, John] Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, ON M5S 2C6, Canada. [Barrie, Fred R.] Missouri Bot Garden, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. [Nicolson, Dan H.] Smithsonian Inst, US Natl Herbarium, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Hawksworth, David L.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Farm, Dept Biol Vegetal 2, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Hawksworth, David L.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, London SW7 5BD, England. [Hawksworth, David L.] Royal Bot Gardens, Mycol Sect, Richmond TW9 3DS, Surrey, England. [Turland, Nicholas J.] Bot Garten & Bot Museum Berlin Dahlem, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Monro, Anna M.] Ctr Australian Natl Biodivers Res, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. RP Flann, C (reprint author), Nat Biodivers Ctr, Species 2000, NL-2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands. EM christinaflann@gmail.com NR 124 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2015 VL 45 SI SI BP 1 EP 341 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.45.9138 PG 341 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CC4MT UT WOS:000350328200001 ER PT J AU Wilbert, TR Woollett, DA Whitelaw, A Dart, J Hoyt, JR Galen, S Ralls, K Meade, DE Maldonado, JE AF Wilbert, Tammy R. Woollett, Deborah A. (Smith) Whitelaw, Alice Dart, Jason Hoyt, Joseph R. Galen, Spencer Ralls, Katherine Meade, Daniel E. Maldonado, Jesus E. TI Non-invasive baseline genetic monitoring of the endangered San Joaquin kit fox on a photovoltaic solar facility SO ENDANGERED SPECIES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID VULPES-MACROTIS-MUTICA; EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; MARK-RECAPTURE POPULATION; BROWN BEAR POPULATION; ENERGY DEVELOPMENT; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; GENOTYPING ERRORS; N-E; CONSERVATION; CALIFORNIA AB Survival of endangered San Joaquin kit foxes Vulpes macrotis mutica is challenged by reduced and fragmented habitat resulting from anthropogenic uses. We monitored kit foxes on the 40 km2 proposed site for the Topaz Solar Farms (TSF) in San Luis Obispo County, California, which consisted of 76% agricultural fields and 24% grasslands. Prior to construction of the solar facility in December 2011, we used professionally trained dog-handler teams to conduct noninvasive genetic surveys annually from 2009 to 2011. We analyzed mtDNA to identify species, zinc finger genes for sex determination, and microsatellite loci to define individuals. We identified 45 individuals from 351 fresh scat samples (26 females, 18 males, and 1 individual of unknown sex), and recaptured 5 individuals between years. Kit foxes predominantly used the grasslands and rarely used agricultural fields. Samples from the TSF population had similar levels of genetic diversity to 2 areas less than 20 km away in the northern end of the Carrizo Plain National Monument. Capwire and LDNe estimates of population size using samples collected during annual November surveys indicated that similar to 33 individuals used the TSF over a 3 yr period. The relatively high population estimate, low recapture rates, and similar genetic diversity to 2 nearby locations suggest that individuals using the TSF site are part of a larger population using the surrounding landscape. Our study provided baseline data that, when coupled with future surveys, will help assess the effects on San Joaquin kit foxes of solar facility construction and habitat regeneration on agricultural lands removed from production. C1 [Wilbert, Tammy R.; Hoyt, Joseph R.; Galen, Spencer; Ralls, Katherine; Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Wilbert, Tammy R.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Woollett, Deborah A. (Smith); Whitelaw, Alice] Working Dogs Conservat, Three Forks, MT 59752 USA. [Dart, Jason; Meade, Daniel E.] Althouse & Meade Inc, Paso Robles, CA 93446 USA. [Maldonado, Jesus E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Wilbert, TR (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM tammywilbert@gmail.com NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 39 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 1863-5407 EI 1613-4796 J9 ENDANGER SPECIES RES JI Endanger. Species Res. PY 2015 VL 27 IS 1 BP 31 EP 41 DI 10.3354/esr00649 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA CC0AK UT WOS:000349996800003 ER PT J AU Ellison, AR Tunstall, T DiRenzo, GV Hughey, MC Rebollar, EA Belden, LK Harris, RN Ibanez, R Lips, KR Zamudio, KR AF Ellison, Amy R. Tunstall, Tate DiRenzo, Graziella V. Hughey, Myra C. Rebollar, Eria A. Belden, Lisa K. Harris, Reid N. Ibanez, Roberto Lips, Karen R. Zamudio, Kelly R. TI More than Skin Deep: Functional Genomic Basis for Resistance to Amphibian Chytridiomycosis SO GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; immunogenomics; comparative transcriptomics; immunosuppression; amphibian immunity ID FUNGUS BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS; DEADLY CHYTRID FUNGUS; TIME TAQMAN PCR; RNA-SEQ DATA; POPULATION DECLINES; LIFE-HISTORY; CUTANEOUS BACTERIA; PEPTIDE DEFENSES; CENTRAL-AMERICA; DISEASE RISK AB The amphibian-killing chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is one of the most generalist pathogens known, capable of infecting hundreds of species globally and causing widespread population declines and extinctions. However, some host species are seemingly unaffected by Bd, tolerating or clearing infections without clinical signs of disease. Variation in host immune responses is commonly evoked for these resistant or tolerant species, yet to date, we have no direct comparison of amphibian species responses to infection at the level of gene expression. In this study, we challenged four Central American frog species that vary in Bd susceptibility, with a sympatric virulent strain of the pathogen. We compared skin and spleen orthologous gene expression using differential expression tests and coexpression gene network analyses. We found that resistant species have reduced skin inflammatory responses and increased expression of genes involved in skin integrity. In contrast, only highly susceptible species exhibited suppression of splenic T-cell genes. We conclude that resistance to chytridiomycosis may be related to a species' ability to escape the immunosuppressive activity of the fungus. Moreover, our results indicate that within-species differences in splenic proteolytic enzyme gene expression may contribute to intraspecific variation in survival. This first comparison of amphibian functional immunogenomic architecture in response to Bd provides insights into key genetic mechanisms underlying variation in disease outcomes among amphibian species. C1 [Ellison, Amy R.; Zamudio, Kelly R.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Tunstall, Tate; DiRenzo, Graziella V.; Lips, Karen R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hughey, Myra C.; Belden, Lisa K.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Rebollar, Eria A.; Harris, Reid N.] James Madison Univ, Dept Biol, Harrisonburg, VA USA. [Ibanez, Roberto] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Ellison, AR (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM are35@cornell.edu RI Zamudio, Kelly/R-3533-2016; OI Zamudio, Kelly/0000-0001-5107-6206; Lips, Karen/0000-0002-2719-1551; Ellison, Amy/0000-0003-3885-6077 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0815315, DEB-1136640, DEB-1136602, DEB-1120249]; Cornell Center for Vertebrate Genomics; Cornell Center for Comparative and Population Genomics; Cornell's Atkinson Center for Sustainable Future FX This study was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (DEB-0815315, DEB-1136640, DEB-1136602, and DEB-1120249), the Cornell Center for Vertebrate Genomics, Cornell Center for Comparative and Population Genomics, and Cornell's Atkinson Center for Sustainable Future. The authors thank Daniel Medina, Molly Bletz, William Shoemaker, Marisa Riley, and Meredith Swartwout for assistance in the field and laboratory; Jorge Guerrel and Angie Estrada for rearing captive-bred frogs at Panama Amphibian Rescue and Conservation; Brian Gratwicke for photography; the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute for logistical support; and Zamudio Laboratory members for their constructive comments. NR 78 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 8 U2 56 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1759-6653 J9 GENOME BIOL EVOL JI Genome Biol. Evol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 7 IS 1 BP 286 EP 298 DI 10.1093/gbe/evu285 PG 13 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CC0OU UT WOS:000350036100021 PM 25539724 ER PT J AU Le Voyer, M Cottrell, E Kelley, KA Brounce, M Hauri, EH AF Le Voyer, Marion Cottrell, Elizabeth Kelley, Katherine A. Brounce, Maryjo Hauri, Erik H. TI The effect of primary versus secondary processes on the volatile content of MORB glasses: An example from the equatorial Mid-Atlantic Ridge (5 degrees N-3 degrees S) SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article DE volatile elements; Mid-Atlantic Ridge; basalt; MORB; magmatic processes; geochemistry ID MAJOR-ELEMENT CHEMISTRY; EAST PACIFIC RISE; UPPER-MANTLE; BASALT GLASSES; CARBON-DIOXIDE; NORTH-ATLANTIC; POPPING ROCKS; DEPLETED MORB; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; SULFIDE SATURATION AB We report microanalysis of volatile and trace element compositions, as well as Fe3+/sigma Fe ratios, from 45 basaltic glasses from cruise RC2806 along the equatorial Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The along-strike variations in volatiles result from the complex geodynamical setting of the area, including numerous transform faults, variations in ridge depth, melting degree, and source composition. The strongest gradient is centered on 1.7 degrees N and encompasses an increase of H2O, Cl, and F contents as well as high F/Zr ratio spatially coincident with radiogenic isotope anomalies. We interpret these variations as source enrichment due to the influence of the nearby high--type Sierra Leone plume. South of the St. Paul fracture zone, H2O and F contents, as well as H2O/Ce and F/Zr ratios, decrease progressively. This gradient in volatiles is consistent with progressive dilution of an enriched component in a heterogeneous mantle due to the progressive increase in the degree of melting. These two large-scale gradients are interrupted by small-scale anomalies in volatile contents attributed to (1) low-degree melts preferentially sampling enriched heterogeneities near transform faults and (2) local assimilation of hydrothermal fluids in four samples from dredge 16D. Finally, 20 RC2806 samples described as popping rocks during collection do not show any difference in volatile content dissolved in the glass or in vesicularity when compared to the RC2806 nonpopping samples. Our observations lead us to question the interpretation of the CO2 content in the highly vesicular 2D43 popping rock as being representative of the CO2 content of undegassed mid-ocean ridge basalt. C1 [Le Voyer, Marion; Hauri, Erik H.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Le Voyer, Marion; Cottrell, Elizabeth] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Kelley, Katherine A.; Brounce, Maryjo] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Le Voyer, M (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20005 USA. EM mlevoyer@carnegiescience.edu FU Deep Carbon Observatory, Reservoirs and Fluxes Directorate; DOE [DE-AC02-98CH10886, DE-FG02-92ER14244] FX Data supporting this study is available in the supporting information. The authors would like to thank T. Gooding for the advice during the sample preparation, J. Wang for the precious help with the SIMS, M. Lytle for the support with the LA-ICP-MS, as well as J. Tucker, D. Chavrit, and S. Lambart for the constructive discussions. J. Dixon and P. le Roux are thanked for their thoughtful reviews and M. Walter for the editorial handling. This work was funded by the Deep Carbon Observatory, Reservoirs and Fluxes Directorate. The use of the NSLS was supported by DOE under contracts DE-AC02-98CH10886 and DE-FG02-92ER14244. NR 72 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD JAN PY 2015 VL 120 IS 1 BP 125 EP 144 DI 10.1002/2014JB011160 PG 20 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA CC2CH UT WOS:000350152000007 ER PT B AU Huhndorf, RM Huhndorf, SM AF Huhndorf, Roy M. Huhndorf, Shari M. BE Warrior, R TI ALASKA NATIVE POLITICS SINCE THE ALASKA NATIVE CLAIMS SETTLEMENT ACT SO WORLD OF INDIGENOUS NORTH AMERICA SE Routledge Worlds LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Huhndorf, Roy M.] Cook Inlet Reg Inc, New York, NY USA. [Huhndorf, Roy M.] Alaska Federat Natives, Anchorage, AK USA. [Huhndorf, Roy M.] Smithsonian Inst, Board Regents, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Huhndorf, Roy M.] Inst Amer Indian Arts, Board Directors, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Huhndorf, Shari M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Ethn Studies, Berkeley, CA USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-12228-0; 978-0-415-87952-1 J9 ROUTLEDGE WORLDS PY 2015 BP 67 EP 81 PG 15 WC History SC History GA BB9ST UT WOS:000348598300005 ER PT B AU Govedich, FR Moser, WE AF Govedich, Fredric R. Moser, William E. BE Thorp, JH Rogers, DC TI Clitellata: Hirudinida and Acanthobdellida SO ECOLOGY AND GENERAL BIOLOGY, VOL I: THORP AND COVICH'S FRESHWATER INVERTEBRATES, 4TH EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LEECH NEPHELOPSIS-OBSCURA; FRESH-WATER LEECH; ERPOBDELLA-PUNCTATA HIRUDINOIDEA; LAKE-DWELLING LEECHES; HIRUDO-MEDICINALIS L; CHLORINATED PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS; IN-SITU BIOMONITORS; PREDATORY LEECH; LIFE-HISTORY C1 [Govedich, Fredric R.] Southern Utah Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Cedar City, UT 84720 USA. [Moser, William E.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Govedich, FR (reprint author), Southern Utah Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Cedar City, UT 84720 USA. EM govedich@suu.edu; moserw@si.edu NR 174 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL ROAD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND BN 978-0-12-385027-0; 978-0-12-385026-3 PY 2015 BP 565 EP 588 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-385026-3.00023-1 PG 24 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BB9KP UT WOS:000348391900025 ER PT J AU Krause, GH Winter, K Krause, B Virgo, A AF Krause, G. Heinrich Winter, Klaus Krause, Barbara Virgo, Aurelio TI Light-stimulated heat tolerance in leaves of two neotropical tree species, Ficus insipida and Calophyllum longifolium SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon dioxide assimilation; dark respiration; global warming; necrosis; transpiration ID TROPICAL PIONEER TREE; RAIN-FOREST TREES; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; XANTHOPHYLL-CYCLE; IN-VIVO; PHOTOSYNTHETIC APPARATUS; NIGHTTIME TEMPERATURES; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURES AB Previous heat tolerance tests of higher plants have been mostly performed with darkened leaves. However, under natural conditions, high leaf temperatures usually occur during periods of high solar radiation. In this study, we demonstrate small but significant increases in the heat tolerance of illuminated leaves. Leaf disks of mature sun leaves from two neotropical tree species, Ficus insipida Willd. and Calophyllum longifolium Willd., were subjected to 15 min of heat treatment in the light (500 mu mol photons m(-2) s(-1)) and in the dark. Tissue temperatures were controlled by floating the disks on the surface of a water bath. PSII activity was determined 24 h and 48 h after heating using chlorophyll a fluorescence. Permanent tissue damage was assessed visually during long-term storage of leaf sections under dim light. In comparison to heat treatments in the dark, the critical temperature (T-50) causing a 50% decline of the fluorescence ratio F-v/F-m was increased by similar to 1 degrees C (from similar to 52.5 degrees C to similar to 53.5 degrees C) in the light. Moreover, illumination reduced the decline of F-v/F-m as temperatures approached T-50. Visible tissue damage was reduced following heat treatment in the light. Experiments with attached leaves of seedlings exposed to increasing temperatures in a gas exchange cuvette also showed a positive effect of light on heat tolerance. C1 [Krause, G. Heinrich; Winter, Klaus; Krause, Barbara; Virgo, Aurelio] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Krause, G. Heinrich] Univ Dusseldorf, Inst Plant Biochem, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. RP Krause, GH (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. EM ghkrause@uni-duesseldorf.de FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX The study was supported by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. We thank Milton Garcia for technical assistance. NR 57 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 11 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-4408 EI 1445-4416 J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL JI Funct. Plant Biol. PY 2015 VL 42 IS 1 BP 42 EP 51 DI 10.1071/FP14095 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CB4YR UT WOS:000349635000005 ER PT B AU Shannon, J AF Shannon, Jennifer BE Silverman, RA TI PROJECTISHARE.COM Sharing our past, collecting for the future SO MUSEUM AS PROCESS: TRANSLATING LOCAL AND GLOBAL KNOWLEDGES SE Museum Meanings LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MUSEUM C1 [Shannon, Jennifer] Univ Colorado, Dept Anthropol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Shannon, Jennifer] Museum Nat Hist, London, England. [Shannon, Jennifer] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Indian, Curatorial Dept, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Shannon, J (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Anthropol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-0-415-66157-7; 978-1-315-76693-5; 978-0-415-66156-0 J9 MUS MEAN PY 2015 BP 67 EP 89 PG 23 WC Art; History SC Art; History GA BB9QO UT WOS:000348568100005 ER PT B AU Bell, JA AF Bell, Joshua A. BE Silverman, RA TI THE VERACITY OF FORM Transforming knowledges and their forms in the Purari Delta of Papua New Guinea SO MUSEUM AS PROCESS: TRANSLATING LOCAL AND GLOBAL KNOWLEDGES SE Museum Meanings LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HISTORY; FOREST C1 [Bell, Joshua A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Bell, Joshua A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Recovering Voices Program, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Bell, JA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-0-415-66157-7; 978-1-315-76693-5; 978-0-415-66156-0 J9 MUS MEAN PY 2015 BP 105 EP 122 PG 18 WC Art; History SC Art; History GA BB9QO UT WOS:000348568100007 ER PT B AU Isaac, G AF Isaac, Gwyneira BE Silverman, RA TI THE PRICE OF KNOWLEDGE AND THE ECONOMIES OF HERITAGE IN ZUNI, NEW MEXICO SO MUSEUM AS PROCESS: TRANSLATING LOCAL AND GLOBAL KNOWLEDGES SE Museum Meanings LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Isaac, G (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-0-415-66157-7; 978-1-315-76693-5; 978-0-415-66156-0 J9 MUS MEAN PY 2015 BP 152 EP 168 PG 17 WC Art; History SC Art; History GA BB9QO UT WOS:000348568100010 ER PT S AU van de Koppel, J van der Heide, T Altieri, AH Eriksson, BK Bouma, TJ Olff, H Silliman, BR AF van de Koppel, Johan van der Heide, Tjisse Altieri, Andrew H. Eriksson, Britas Klemens Bouma, Tjeerd J. Olff, Han Silliman, Brian R. BE Carlson, CA Giovannoni, SJ TI Long-Distance Interactions Regulate the Structure and Resilience of Coastal Ecosystems SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL 7 SE Annual Review of Marine Science LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE spatial self-organization; scale-dependent interactions; spatial scale; cross-habitat interactions; ecosystem engineering ID EELGRASS ZOSTERA-MARINA; SUSPENSION-FEEDING BIVALVES; SCALE-DEPENDENT FEEDBACK; MUSSELS MYTILUS-EDULIS; SALT-MARSH ECOSYSTEMS; OYSTER REEFS; CORAL-REEFS; FOOD WEBS; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; POSITIVE INTERACTIONS AB Mounting evidence indicates that spatial interactions are important in structuring coastal ecosystems. Until recently, however, most of this work has been focused on seemingly exceptional systems that are characterized by regular, self-organized patterns. In this review, we document that interactions that operate at long distances, beyond the direct neighborhood of individual organisms, are more common and have much more far-reaching implications for coastal ecosystems than was previously realized. We review studies from a variety of ecosystem types-including cobble beaches, mussel beds, coral reefs, seagrass meadows, and mangrove forests-that reveal a startling interplay of positive and negative interactions between habitats across distances of up to a kilometer. In addition to classical feeding relations, alterations of physical conditions constitute an important part of these long-distance interactions. This entanglement of habitats has crucial implications for how humans manage coastal ecosystems, and evaluations of anthropogenic impact should explicitly address long-distance and system-wide effects before we deem these human activities to be causing little harm. C1 [van de Koppel, Johan; Bouma, Tjeerd J.] Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, Dept Spatial Ecol, NL-4401 NT Yerseke, Netherlands. [van de Koppel, Johan; van der Heide, Tjisse; Olff, Han] Univ Groningen, Community & Conservat Ecol Grp, NL-9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands. [Eriksson, Britas Klemens] Univ Groningen, Dept Marine Benth Ecol & Evolut, NL-9700 CC Groningen, Netherlands. [van der Heide, Tjisse] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Water & Wetland Res, Dept Aquat Ecol & Environm Biol, NL-6525 AJ Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Altieri, Andrew H.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Silliman, Brian R.] Duke Univ, Div Marine Sci & Conservat, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA. RP van de Koppel, J (reprint author), Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, Dept Spatial Ecol, NL-4401 NT Yerseke, Netherlands. EM johan.van.de.koppel@nioz.nl RI van der Heide, Tjisse/M-3000-2013; Eriksson, Britas Klemens/D-8601-2015; Olff, Han/A-8516-2008 OI Eriksson, Britas Klemens/0000-0003-4752-922X; Olff, Han/0000-0003-2154-3576 NR 101 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 18 U2 98 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 1941-1405 BN 978-0-8243-4507-5 J9 ANNU REV MAR SCI JI Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. PY 2015 VL 7 BP 139 EP 158 DI 10.1146/annurev-marine-010814-015805 PG 20 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA BB9PY UT WOS:000348560700008 PM 25251274 ER PT J AU Einzmann, HJR Beyschlag, J Hofhansl, F Wanek, W Zotz, G AF Einzmann, Helena J. R. Beyschlag, Joachim Hofhansl, Florian Wanek, Wolfgang Zotz, Gerhard TI Host tree phenology affects vascular epiphytes at the physiological, demographic and community level SO AOB PLANTS LA English DT Article DE Community assembly; Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM); diversity; microclimate; specific leaf area; water-use efficiency ID N-15 NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; CRASSULACEAN ACID METABOLISM; MONTANE RAIN-FOREST; VERTICAL STRATIFICATION; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; SPECIES RICHNESS; TROPICAL FOREST; LOWLAND FOREST; USE EFFICIENCY AB The processes that govern diverse tropical plant communities have rarely been studied in life forms other than trees. Structurally dependent vascular epiphytes, a major part of tropical biodiversity, grow in a three-dimensional matrix defined by their hosts, but trees differ in their architecture, bark structure/chemistry and leaf phenology. We hypothesized that the resulting seasonal differences in microclimatic conditions in evergreen vs. deciduous trees would affect epiphytes at different levels, from organ physiology to community structure. We studied the influence of tree leaf phenology on vascular epiphytes on the Island of Barro Colorado, Panama. Five tree species were selected, which were deciduous, semi-deciduous or evergreen. The crowns of drought-deciduous trees, characterized by sunnier and drier microclimates, hosted fewer individuals and less diverse epiphyte assemblages. Differences were also observed at a functional level, e.g. epiphyte assemblages in deciduous trees had larger proportions of Crassulacean acid metabolism species and individuals. At the population level a drier microclimate was associated with lower individual growth and survival in a xerophytic fern. Some species also showed, as expected, lower specific leaf area and higher delta C-13 values when growing in deciduous trees compared with evergreen trees. As hypothesized, host tree leaf phenology influences vascular epiphytes at different levels. Our results suggest a cascading effect of tree composition and associated differences in tree phenology on the diversity and functioning of epiphyte communities in tropical lowland forests. C1 [Einzmann, Helena J. R.; Beyschlag, Joachim; Zotz, Gerhard] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. [Hofhansl, Florian; Wanek, Wolfgang] Univ Vienna, Dept Microbiol & Ecosyst Sci, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. [Zotz, Gerhard] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Einzmann, HJR (reprint author), Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Carl von Ossietzky Str 9-11, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. EM helena.einzmann@uni-oldenburg.de RI Wanek, Wolfgang/E-7001-2012; Hofhansl, Florian/E-6656-2012 OI Wanek, Wolfgang/0000-0003-2178-8258; Hofhansl, Florian/0000-0003-0073-0946 FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX Financial support from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute for field work in Panama is acknowledged. NR 73 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 8 U2 41 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2041-2851 J9 AOB PLANTS JI Aob Plants PY 2015 VL 7 AR plu073 DI 10.1093/aobpla/plu073 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CB4LH UT WOS:000349598700001 ER PT J AU Abramowski, A Aharonian, F Benkhali, FA Akhperjanian, AG Anguner, E Anton, G Backes, M Balenderan, S Balzer, A Barnacka, A Becherini, Y Tjus, JB Bernlhr, K Birsin, E Bissaldi, E Biteau, J Bottcher, M Boisson, C Bolmont, J Bordas, P Brucker, J Brun, F Brun, P Bulik, T Carrigan, S Casanova, S Chadwick, PM Chalme-Calvet, R Chaves, RCG Cheesebrough, A Chretien, M Colafrancesco, S Cologna, G Conrad, J Couturier, C Cui, Y Dalton, M Daniel, MK Davids, ID Degrange, B Deil, C deWilt, P Dickinson, HJ Djannati-Atai, A Domainko, W Drury, LO Dubus, G Dutson, K Dyks, J Dyrda, M Edwards, T Egberts, K Eger, P Espigat, P Farnier, C Fegan, S Feinstein, F Fernandes, MV Fernandez, D Fiasson, A Fontaine, G Forster, A Fussling, M Gajdus, M Gallant, YA Garrigoux, T Giavitto, G Giebels, B Glicenstein, JF Grondin, MH Grudzinska, M Haffner, S Hahn, J Harris, J Heinzelmann, G Henri, G Hermann, G Hervet, O Hillert, A Hinton, JA Hofmann, W Hofverberg, P Holler, M Horns, D Jacholkowska, A Jahn, C Jamrozy, M Janiak, M Jankowsky, F Jung, I Kastendieck, MA Katarzynski, K Katz, U Kaufmann, S Khelifi, B Kieffer, M Klepser, S Klochkov, D Kluzniak, W Kneiske, T Kolitzus, D Komin, N Kosack, K Krakau, S Krayzel, F Kruger, PP Laffon, H Lamanna, G Lefaucheur, J Lemiere, A Lemoine-Goumard, M Lenain, JP Lohse, T Lopatin, A Lu, CC Marandon, V Marcowith, A Marx, R Maurin, G Maxted, N Mayer, M McComb, TJL Mehault, J Meintjes, PJ Menzler, U Meyer, M Moderski, R Mohamed, M Moulin, E Murach, T Naumann, CL de Naurois, M Niemiec, J Nolan, SJ Oakes, L Odaka, H Ohm, S Wilhelmi, ED Opitz, B Ostrowski, M Oya, I Panter, M Parsons, RD Arribas, MP Pekeur, NW Pelletier, G Perez, J Petrucci, PO Peyaud, B Pita, S Poon, H Puhlhofer, G Punch, M Quirrenbach, A Raab, S Raue, M Reichardt, I Reimer, A Reimer, O Renaud, M de los Reyes, R Rieger, F Rob, L Romoli, C Rosier-Lees, S Rowell, G Rudak, B Rulten, CB Sahakian, V Sanchez, DA Santangelo, A Schlickeiser, R Schussler, F Schulz, A Schwanke, U Schwarzburg, S Schwemmer, S Sol, H Spengler, G Spies, F Stawarz, L Steenkamp, R Stegmann, C Stinzing, F Stycz, K Sushch, I Tavernet, JP Tavernier, T Taylor, AM Terrier, R Tluczykont, M Trichard, C Valerius, K van Eldik, C van Soelen, B Vasileiadis, G Venter, C Viana, A Vincent, P Volk, HJ Volpe, F Vorster, M Vuillaume, T Wagner, SJ Wagner, P Wagner, RM Ward, M Weidinger, M Weitzel, Q White, R Wierzcholska, A Willmann, P Wrnlein, A Wouters, D Yang, R Zabalza, V Zacharias, M Zdziarski, AA Zech, A Zechlin, HS Finke, J Fortin, P Horan, D AF Abramowski, A. Aharonian, F. Benkhali, F. Ait Akhperjanian, A. G. Anguener, E. Anton, G. Backes, M. Balenderan, S. Balzer, A. Barnacka, A. Becherini, Y. Tjus, J. Becker Bernlhr, K. Birsin, E. Bissaldi, E. Biteau, J. Boettcher, M. Boisson, C. Bolmont, J. Bordas, P. Brucker, J. Brun, F. Brun, P. Bulik, T. Carrigan, S. Casanova, S. Chadwick, P. M. Chalme-Calvet, R. Chaves, R. C. G. Cheesebrough, A. Chretien, M. Colafrancesco, S. Cologna, G. Conrad, J. Couturier, C. Cui, Y. Dalton, M. Daniel, M. K. Davids, I. D. Degrange, B. Deil, C. deWilt, P. Dickinson, H. J. Djannati-Atai, A. Domainko, W. Drury, L. O'C. Dubus, G. Dutson, K. Dyks, J. Dyrda, M. Edwards, T. Egberts, K. Eger, P. Espigat, P. Farnier, C. Fegan, S. Feinstein, F. Fernandes, M. V. Fernandez, D. Fiasson, A. Fontaine, G. Foerster, A. Fuessling, M. Gajdus, M. Gallant, Y. A. Garrigoux, T. Giavitto, G. Giebels, B. Glicenstein, J. F. Grondin, M. -H. Grudzinska, M. Haeffner, S. Hahn, J. Harris, J. Heinzelmann, G. Henri, G. Hermann, G. Hervet, O. Hillert, A. Hinton, J. A. Hofmann, W. Hofverberg, P. Holler, M. Horns, D. Jacholkowska, A. Jahn, C. Jamrozy, M. Janiak, M. Jankowsky, F. Jung, I. Kastendieck, M. A. Katarzynski, K. Katz, U. Kaufmann, S. Khelifi, B. Kieffer, M. Klepser, S. Klochkov, D. Kluzniak, W. Kneiske, T. Kolitzus, D. Komin, Nu. Kosack, K. Krakau, S. Krayzel, F. Krueger, P. P. Laffon, H. Lamanna, G. Lefaucheur, J. Lemiere, A. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Lenain, J. -P. Lohse, T. Lopatin, A. Lu, C. -C. Marandon, V. Marcowith, A. Marx, R. Maurin, G. Maxted, N. Mayer, M. McComb, T. J. L. Mehault, J. Meintjes, P. J. Menzler, U. Meyer, M. Moderski, R. Mohamed, M. Moulin, E. Murach, T. Naumann, C. L. de Naurois, M. Niemiec, J. Nolan, S. J. Oakes, L. Odaka, H. Ohm, S. Wilhelmi, E. de Ona Opitz, B. Ostrowski, M. Oya, I. Panter, M. Parsons, R. D. Arribas, M. Paz Pekeur, N. W. Pelletier, G. Perez, J. Petrucci, P. -O. Peyaud, B. Pita, S. Poon, H. Puehlhofer, G. Punch, M. Quirrenbach, A. Raab, S. Raue, M. Reichardt, I. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Renaud, M. de los Reyes, R. Rieger, F. Rob, L. Romoli, C. Rosier-Lees, S. Rowell, G. Rudak, B. Rulten, C. B. Sahakian, V. Sanchez, D. A. Santangelo, A. Schlickeiser, R. Schuessler, F. Schulz, A. Schwanke, U. Schwarzburg, S. Schwemmer, S. Sol, H. Spengler, G. Spies, F. Stawarz, L. Steenkamp, R. Stegmann, C. Stinzing, F. Stycz, K. Sushch, I. Tavernet, J. -P. Tavernier, T. Taylor, A. M. Terrier, R. Tluczykont, M. Trichard, C. Valerius, K. van Eldik, C. van Soelen, B. Vasileiadis, G. Venter, C. Viana, A. Vincent, P. Voelk, H. J. Volpe, F. Vorster, M. Vuillaume, T. Wagner, S. J. Wagner, P. Wagner, R. M. Ward, M. Weidinger, M. Weitzel, Q. White, R. Wierzcholska, A. Willmann, P. Wrnlein, A. Wouters, D. Yang, R. Zabalza, V. Zacharias, M. Zdziarski, A. A. Zech, A. Zechlin, H. -S. Finke, J. Fortin, P. Horan, D. CA HESS Collaboration TI The high-energy gamma-ray emission of AP Librae SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; BL Lacertae objects: individual: AP Librae; gamma rays: galaxies ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BL-LACERTAE OBJECTS; EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; SOURCE PKS 1514-24; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; CRAB-NEBULA; SOURCE LIST; VARIABILITY; DISCOVERY AB The gamma-ray spectrum of the low-frequency-peaked BL Lac (LBL) object AP Librae is studied, following the discovery of very-high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission up to the TeV range by the H.E.S.S. experiment. Thismakes AP Librae one of the few VHE emitters of the LBL type. The measured spectrum yields a flux of (8.8 +/- 1.5(stat) +/- 1.8(sys)) x 10(-12) cm(-2) s(-1) above 130 GeV and a spectral index of Gamma = 2.65 +/- 0.19(stat) +/- 0.20(sys). This study also makes use of Fermi-LAT observations in the high energy (HE, E > 100 MeV) range, providing the longest continuous light curve (5 years) ever published on this source. The source underwent a flaring event between MJD 56 306-56 376 in the HE range, with a flux increase of a factor of 3.5 in the 14 day bin light curve and no significant variation in spectral shape with respect to the low-flux state. While the H.E.S.S. and (low state) Fermi-LAT fluxes are in good agreement where they overlap, a spectral curvature between the steep VHE spectrum and the Fermi-LAT spectrum is observed. The maximum of the gamma-ray emission in the spectral energy distribution is located below the GeV energy range. C1 [Abramowski, A.; Fernandes, M. V.; Heinzelmann, G.; Horns, D.; Kastendieck, M. A.; Opitz, B.; Raue, M.; Spies, F.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Experimentalphys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Aharonian, F.; Benkhali, F. Ait; Bernlhr, K.; Brun, F.; Carrigan, S.; Casanova, S.; Deil, C.; Domainko, W.; Edwards, T.; Eger, P.; Foerster, A.; Grondin, M. -H.; Hahn, J.; Hermann, G.; Hillert, A.; Hofmann, W.; Hofverberg, P.; Krueger, P. P.; Lu, C. -C.; Marandon, V.; Marx, R.; Odaka, H.; Wilhelmi, E. de Ona; Panter, M.; Parsons, R. D.; Poon, H.; de los Reyes, R.; Rieger, F.; Viana, A.; Voelk, H. J.; Volpe, F.; Weitzel, Q.; Yang, R.; Zabalza, V.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Aharonian, F.; Drury, L. O'C.; Romoli, C.; Taylor, A. M.] Dublin Inst Adv Studies, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Aharonian, F.; Akhperjanian, A. G.; Sahakian, V.] Natl Acad Sci Republ Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia. [Akhperjanian, A. G.; Sahakian, V.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Anguener, E.; Bernlhr, K.; Birsin, E.; Gajdus, M.; Lohse, T.; Murach, T.; Oakes, L.; Oya, I.; Schwanke, U.; Spengler, G.; Sushch, I.; Wagner, P.] Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Anton, G.; Brucker, J.; Haeffner, S.; Jahn, C.; Jung, I.; Katz, U.; Lopatin, A.; Raab, S.; Stinzing, F.; Valerius, K.; van Eldik, C.; Willmann, P.; Wrnlein, A.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Backes, M.; Davids, I. D.; Steenkamp, R.] Univ Namibia, Dept Phys, Windhoek, Namibia. [Balenderan, S.; Chadwick, P. M.; Cheesebrough, A.; Daniel, M. K.; Harris, J.; McComb, T. J. L.; Nolan, S. J.; Ward, M.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Balzer, A.; Giavitto, G.; Klepser, S.; Schulz, A.; Stegmann, C.; Stycz, K.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Balzer, A.; Fuessling, M.; Holler, M.; Mayer, M.; Stegmann, C.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. [Barnacka, A.; Becherini, Y.; Dyks, J.; Janiak, M.; Kluzniak, W.; Moderski, R.; Rudak, B.; Zdziarski, A. A.] Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. [Becherini, Y.] Linnaeus Univ, Dept Phys & Elect Engn, S-35195 Vaxjo, Sweden. [Tjus, J. 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[Bolmont, J.; Chalme-Calvet, R.; Chretien, M.; Couturier, C.; Garrigoux, T.; Jacholkowska, A.; Kieffer, M.; Lenain, J. -P.; Naumann, C. L.; Tavernet, J. -P.; Vincent, P.] Univ Paris 07, Univ Paris 06, LPNHE, CNRS,IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France. [Bordas, P.; Cui, Y.; Klochkov, D.; Puehlhofer, G.; Santangelo, A.; Schwarzburg, S.] Univ Tubingen, Inst Astron & Astrophys, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Brun, P.; Chaves, R. C. G.; Glicenstein, J. F.; Kosack, K.; Moulin, E.; Peyaud, B.; Schuessler, F.] CEA Saclay, DSM Irfu, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Bulik, T.; Grudzinska, M.; Zabalza, V.] Univ Warsaw, Astron Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Colafrancesco, S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Cologna, G.; Grondin, M. -H.; Jankowsky, F.; Kaufmann, S.; Mohamed, M.; Quirrenbach, A.; Schwemmer, S.; Wagner, S. J.; Zacharias, M.] Heidelberg Univ, Landessternwarte, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Conrad, J.; Dickinson, H. J.; Farnier, C.; Meyer, M.; Wagner, R. 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A.; Marcowith, A.; Renaud, M.; Vasileiadis, G.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, IN2P3, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. [Fiasson, A.; Komin, Nu.; Krayzel, F.; Lamanna, G.; Maurin, G.; Rosier-Lees, S.; Sanchez, D. A.; Trichard, C.] Univ Savoie, CNRS, Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Jamrozy, M.; Ostrowski, M.; Stawarz, L.; Wierzcholska, A.] Uniwersytet Jagiello, Obserwatorium Astron, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Katarzynski, K.] Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Torun Ctr Astron, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. [Meintjes, P. J.; van Soelen, B.] Univ Free State, Dept Phys, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Rob, L.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, CR-18000 Prague 8, Czech Republic. [Finke, J.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fortin, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA. RP Biteau, J (reprint author), Ecole Polytech, CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, IN2P3, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. EM biteau@in2p3.fr; david.sanchez@lapp.in2p3.fr; pafortin@cfa.harvard.edu RI Reichardt, Ignasi/P-7478-2016; Moulin, Emmanuel/B-5959-2017; Daniel, Michael/A-2903-2010; Komin, Nukri/J-6781-2015; Schussler, Fabian/G-5313-2013; Katarzynski, Krzysztof/G-4528-2014; Jamrozy, Marek/F-4507-2015; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Casanova, Sabrina/J-8935-2013; Anton, Gisela/C-4840-2013; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; van Eldik, Christopher/C-3901-2013; Tjus, Julia/G-8145-2012; Meyer, Manuel/E-2697-2016; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Backes, Michael/N-5126-2016 OI Reichardt, Ignasi/0000-0003-3694-3820; Moulin, Emmanuel/0000-0003-4007-0145; Chadwick, Paula/0000-0002-1468-2685; Kneiske, Tanja M./0000-0002-3210-6200; Daniel, Michael/0000-0002-8053-7910; de los Reyes Lopez, Raquel/0000-0003-0485-9552; Komin, Nukri/0000-0003-3280-0582; Schussler, Fabian/0000-0003-1500-6571; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Casanova, Sabrina/0000-0002-6144-9122; Anton, Gisela/0000-0003-2039-4724; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; van Eldik, Christopher/0000-0001-9669-645X; Meyer, Manuel/0000-0002-0738-7581; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Backes, Michael/0000-0002-9326-6400 FU German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF); Max Planck Society; French Ministry for Research; Astroparticle Interdisciplinary Programme of the CNRS [CNRS-IN2P3]; UK. Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (PPARC); IPNP of the Charles University; South African Department of Science and Technology; National Research Foundation; University of Namibia; INAF in Italy; CNES in France; Fermi LAT FX The support of the Namibian authorities and of the University of Namibia in facilitating the construction and operation of H.E.S.S. is gratefully acknowledged, as is the support by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), the Max Planck Society, the French Ministry for Research, the CNRS-IN2P3 and the Astroparticle Interdisciplinary Programme of the CNRS, the UK. Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (PPARC), the IPNP of the Charles University, the South African Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation, and by the University of Namibia. We appreciate the excellent work of the technical support staff in Berlin, Durham, Hamburg, Heidelberg, Palaiseau, Paris, Saclay, and in Namibia in the construction and operation of the equipment. The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges support from a number of agencies and institutes for both development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include NASA and DOE in the United States, CEA/Irfu and IN2P3/CNRS in France, ASI and INFN in Italy, MEXT, KEK, and JAXA in Japan, and the K.A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support from INAF in Italy and CNES in France for science analysis during the operations phase is also gratefully acknowledged. The authors want to acknowledge the anonymous referee for his/her help that greatly improved the paper. NR 60 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 15 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 573 AR A31 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201321436 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX4KJ UT WOS:000346901300001 ER PT J AU Aleksic, J Ansoldi, S Antonelli, LA Antoranz, P Babic, A Bangale, P de Almeida, UB Barrio, JA Gonzalez, JB Bednarek, W Berger, K Bernardini, E Biland, A Blanch, O Bock, RK Bonnefoy, S Bonnoli, G Borracci, F Bretz, T Carmona, E Carosi, A Fidalgo, DC Colin, P Colombo, E Contreras, JL Cortina, J Covino, S Da Vela, P Dazzi, F De Angelis, A De Caneva, G De Lotto, B Mendez, CD Doert, M Dominguez, A Prester, DD Dorner, D Doro, M Einecke, S Eisenacher, D Elsaesser, D Farina, E Ferenc, D Fonseca, MV Font, L Frantzen, K Fruck, C Lopez, RJG Garczarczyk, M Terrats, DG Gaug, M Giavitto, G Godinovic, N Munoz, AG Gozzini, SR Hadamek, A Hadasch, D Herrero, A Hildebrand, D Hose, J Hrupec, D Idec, W Kadenius, V Kellermann, H Knoetig, ML Krause, J Kushida, J La Barbera, A Lelas, D Lewandowska, N Lindfors, E Lombardi, S Lopez, M Lopez-Coto, R Lopez-Oramas, A Lorenz, E Lozano, I Makariev, M Mallot, K Maneva, G Mankuzhiyil, N Mannheim, K Maraschi, L Marcote, B Mariotti, M Martinez, M Mazin, D Menzel, U Meucci, M Miranda, JM Mirzoyan, R Moralejo, A Munar-Adrover, P Nakajima, D Niedzwiecki, A Nilsson, K Nowak, N Orito, R Overkemping, A Paiano, S Palatiello, M Paneque, D Paoletti, R Paredes, JM Paredes-Fortuny, X Partini, S Persic, M Prada, F Moroni, PGP Prandini, E Preziuso, S Puljak, I Reinthal, R Rhode, W Ribo, M Rico, J Garcia, JR Rugamer, S Saggion, A Saito, T Saito, K Salvati, M Satalecka, K Scalzotto, V Scapin, V Schultz, C Schweizer, T Shore, SN Sillanpaa, A Sitarek, J Snidaric, I Sobczynska, D Spanier, F Stamatescu, V Stamerra, A Steinbring, T Storz, J Sun, S Suric, T Takalo, L Tavecchio, F Temnikov, P Terzic, T Tescaro, D Teshima, M Thaele, J Tibolla, O Torres, DF Toyama, T Treves, A Uellenbeck, M Vogler, P Wagner, RM Zandanel, F Zanin, R Behera, B Beilicke, M Benbow, W Berger, K Bird, R Bouvier, A Bugaev, V Cerruti, M Chen, X Ciupik, L Collins-Hughes, E Cui, W Duke, C Dumm, J Falcone, A Federici, S Feng, Q Finley, JP Fortson, L Furniss, A Galante, N Gillanders, GH Griffin, S Griffiths, ST Grube, J Gyuk, G Hanna, D Holder, J Johnson, CA Kaaret, P Kertzman, M Kieda, D Krawczynski, H Lang, MJ Madhavan, AS Maier, G Majumdar, P Meagher, K Moriarty, P Mukherjee, R Nieto, D de Bhroithe, AO Ong, RA Otte, AN Pichel, A Pohl, M Popkow, A Prokoph, H Quinn, J Rajotte, J Ratliff, G Reyes, LC Reynolds, PT Richards, GT Roache, E Sembroski, GH Shahinyan, K Sheidaei, F Smith, AW Staszak, D Telezhinsky, I Theiling, M Tyler, J Varlotta, A Vincent, S Wakely, SP Weekes, TC Welsing, R Williams, DA Zajczyk, A Zitzer, B Villata, M Raiteri, CM Ajello, M Perri, M Aller, HD Aller, MF Larionov, VM Efimova, NV Konstantinova, TS Kopatskaya, EN Chen, WP Koptelova, E Hsiao, HY Kurtanidze, OM Nikolashvili, MG Kimeridze, GN Jordan, B Leto, P Buemi, CS Trigilio, C Umana, G Lahteenmaki, A Nieppola, E Tornikoski, M Sainio, J Kadenius, V Giroletti, M Cesarini, A Fuhrmann, L Kovalev, YA Kovalev, YY AF Aleksic, J. Ansoldi, S. Antonelli, L. A. Antoranz, P. Babic, A. Bangale, P. de Almeida, U. Barres Barrio, J. A. Becerra Gonzalez, J. Bednarek, W. Berger, K. Bernardini, E. Biland, A. Blanch, O. Bock, R. K. Bonnefoy, S. Bonnoli, G. Borracci, F. Bretz, T. Carmona, E. Carosi, A. Fidalgo, D. Carreto Colin, P. Colombo, E. Contreras, J. L. Cortina, J. Covino, S. Da Vela, P. Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. De Caneva, G. De Lotto, B. Delgado Mendez, C. Doert, M. Dominguez, A. Prester, D. Dominis Dorner, D. Doro, M. Einecke, S. Eisenacher, D. Elsaesser, D. Farina, E. Ferenc, D. Fonseca, M. V. Font, L. Frantzen, K. Fruck, C. Garcia Lopez, R. J. Garczarczyk, M. Garrido Terrats, D. Gaug, M. Giavitto, G. Godinovic, N. Gonzalez Munoz, A. Gozzini, S. R. Hadamek, A. Hadasch, D. Herrero, A. Hildebrand, D. Hose, J. Hrupec, D. Idec, W. Kadenius, V. Kellermann, H. Knoetig, M. L. Krause, J. Kushida, J. La Barbera, A. Lelas, D. Lewandowska, N. Lindfors, E. Lombardi, S. Lopez, M. Lopez-Coto, R. Lopez-Oramas, A. Lorenz, E. Lozano, I. Makariev, M. Mallot, K. Maneva, G. Mankuzhiyil, N. Mannheim, K. Maraschi, L. Marcote, B. Mariotti, M. Martinez, M. Mazin, D. Menzel, U. Meucci, M. Miranda, J. M. Mirzoyan, R. Moralejo, A. Munar-Adrover, P. Nakajima, D. Niedzwiecki, A. Nilsson, K. Nowak, N. Orito, R. Overkemping, A. Paiano, S. Palatiello, M. Paneque, D. Paoletti, R. Paredes, J. M. Paredes-Fortuny, X. Partini, S. Persic, M. Prada, F. Moroni, P. G. Prada Prandini, E. Preziuso, S. Puljak, I. Reinthal, R. Rhode, W. Ribo, M. Rico, J. Garcia, J. Rodriguez Ruegamer, S. Saggion, A. Saito, T. Saito, K. Salvati, M. Satalecka, K. Scalzotto, V. Scapin, V. Schultz, C. Schweizer, T. Shore, S. N. Sillanpaa, A. Sitarek, J. Snidaric, I. Sobczynska, D. Spanier, F. Stamatescu, V. Stamerra, A. Steinbring, T. Storz, J. Sun, S. Suric, T. Takalo, L. Tavecchio, F. Temnikov, P. Terzic, T. Tescaro, D. Teshima, M. Thaele, J. Tibolla, O. Torres, D. F. Toyama, T. Treves, A. Uellenbeck, M. Vogler, P. Wagner, R. M. Zandanel, F. Zanin, R. Behera, B. Beilicke, M. Benbow, W. Berger, K. Bird, R. Bouvier, A. Bugaev, V. Cerruti, M. Chen, X. Ciupik, L. Collins-Hughes, E. Cui, W. Duke, C. Dumm, J. Falcone, A. Federici, S. Feng, Q. Finley, J. P. Fortson, L. Furniss, A. Galante, N. Gillanders, G. H. Griffin, S. Griffiths, S. T. Grube, J. Gyuk, G. Hanna, D. Holder, J. Johnson, C. A. Kaaret, P. Kertzman, M. Kieda, D. Krawczynski, H. Lang, M. J. Madhavan, A. S. Maier, G. Majumdar, P. Meagher, K. Moriarty, P. Mukherjee, R. Nieto, D. de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain Ong, R. A. Otte, A. N. Pichel, A. Pohl, M. Popkow, A. Prokoph, H. Quinn, J. Rajotte, J. Ratliff, G. Reyes, L. C. Reynolds, P. T. Richards, G. T. Roache, E. Sembroski, G. H. Shahinyan, K. Sheidaei, F. Smith, A. W. Staszak, D. Telezhinsky, I. Theiling, M. Tyler, J. Varlotta, A. Vincent, S. Wakely, S. P. Weekes, T. C. Welsing, R. Williams, D. A. Zajczyk, A. Zitzer, B. Villata, M. Raiteri, C. M. Ajello, M. Perri, M. Aller, H. D. Aller, M. F. Larionov, V. M. Efimova, N. V. Konstantinova, T. S. Kopatskaya, E. N. Chen, W. P. Koptelova, E. Hsiao, H. Y. Kurtanidze, O. M. Nikolashvili, M. G. Kimeridze, G. N. Jordan, B. Leto, P. Buemi, C. S. Trigilio, C. Umana, G. Lahteenmaki, A. Nieppola, E. Tornikoski, M. Sainio, J. Kadenius, V. Giroletti, M. Cesarini, A. Fuhrmann, L. Kovalev, Yu. A. Kovalev, Y. Y. CA MAGIC Collaboration VERITAS Collaboration TI Multiwavelength observations of Mrk 501 in 2008 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE astroparticle physics; BL Lacertae objects: individual: Mrk 501; gamma rays: general ID GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; X-RAY; EMITTING ELECTRONS; TELESCOPE SYSTEM; CRAB-NEBULA; TEV BLAZARS; VARIABILITY AB Context. Blazars are variable sources on various timescales over a broad energy range spanning from radio to very high energy (>100 GeV, hereafter VHE). Mrk 501 is one of the brightest blazars at TeV energies and has been extensively studied since its first VHE detection in 1996. However, most of the gamma-ray studies performed on Mrk 501 during the past years relate to flaring activity, when the source detection and characterization with the available gamma-ray instrumentation was easier to perform. Aims. Our goal is to characterize the source gamma-ray emission in detail, together with the radio-to-X-ray emission, during the non-flaring (low) activity, which is less often studied than the occasional flaring (high) activity. Methods. We organized a multiwavelength (MW) campaign on Mrk 501 between March and May 2008. This multi-instrument effort included the most sensitive VHE gamma-ray instruments in the northern hemisphere, namely the imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes MAGIC and VERITAS, as well as Swift, RXTE, the F-GAMMA, GASP-WEBT, and other collaborations and instruments. This provided extensive energy and temporal coverage of Mrk 501 throughout the entire campaign. Results. Mrk 501 was found to be in a low state of activity during the campaign, with a VHE flux in the range of 10%-20% of the Crab nebula flux. Nevertheless, significant flux variations were detected with various instruments, with a trend of increasing variability with energy and a tentative correlation between the X-ray and VHE fluxes. The broadband spectral energy distribution during the two different emission states of the campaign can be adequately described within the homogeneous one-zone synchrotron self-Compton model, with the (slightly) higher state described by an increase in the electron number density. Conclusions. The one-zone SSC model can adequately describe the broadband spectral energy distribution of the source during the two months covered by the MW campaign. This agrees with previous studies of the broadband emission of this source during flaring and non-flaring states. We report for the first time a tentative X-ray-to-VHE correlation during such a low VHE activity. Although marginally significant, this positive correlation between X-ray and VHE, which has been reported many times during flaring activity, suggests that the mechanisms that dominate the X-ray/VHE emission during non-flaring-activity are not substantially different from those that are responsible for the emission during flaring activity. C1 [Aleksic, J.; Blanch, O.; Cortina, J.; Giavitto, G.; Gonzalez Munoz, A.; Lopez-Oramas, A.; Martinez, M.; Moralejo, A.; Rico, J.; Sitarek, J.; Stamatescu, V.] IFAE, Edifici Cn, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Ansoldi, S.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; De Lotto, B.; Mankuzhiyil, N.; Palatiello, M.; Persic, M.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Ansoldi, S.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; De Lotto, B.; Mankuzhiyil, N.; Palatiello, M.; Persic, M.] INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Antonelli, L. A.; Bonnoli, G.; Carosi, A.; Covino, S.; La Barbera, A.; Lombardi, S.; Maraschi, L.; Salvati, M.; Stamerra, A.; Tavecchio, F.] INAF Natl Inst Astrophys, I-00136 Rome, Italy. [Antoranz, P.; Da Vela, P.; Meucci, M.; Miranda, J. M.; Paoletti, R.; Partini, S.; Preziuso, S.] Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy. [Antoranz, P.; Da Vela, P.; Meucci, M.; Miranda, J. M.; Paoletti, R.; Partini, S.; Preziuso, S.] INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy. [Babic, A.; Prester, D. Dominis; Ferenc, D.; Godinovic, N.; Hrupec, D.; Lelas, D.; Puljak, I.; Snidaric, I.; Suric, T.; Terzic, T.] Univ Rijeka, Rudjer Boskovic Inst, Croatian MAG Consortium, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. [Babic, A.; Prester, D. Dominis; Ferenc, D.; Godinovic, N.; Hrupec, D.; Lelas, D.; Puljak, I.; Snidaric, I.; Suric, T.; Terzic, T.] Univ Split, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. [Bangale, P.; de Almeida, U. Barres; Bock, R. K.; Borracci, F.; Colin, P.; Fruck, C.; Hose, J.; Kellermann, H.; Krause, J.; Mazin, D.; Menzel, U.; Mirzoyan, R.; Nowak, N.; Garcia, J. Rodriguez; Schweizer, T.; Sun, S.; Teshima, M.; Toyama, T.; Wagner, R. M.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Barrio, J. A.; Bonnefoy, S.; Contreras, J. L.; Lopez, M.; Lozano, I.; Satalecka, K.; Scapin, V.] Univ Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Becerra Gonzalez, J.; Berger, K.; Colombo, E.; Garcia Lopez, R. J.; Herrero, A.; Tescaro, D.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Tenerife 38200, Spain. [Bednarek, W.; Idec, W.; Niedzwiecki, A.; Sobczynska, D.] Univ Lodz, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland. [Bernardini, E.; De Caneva, G.; Garczarczyk, M.; Gozzini, S. R.; Mallot, K.; Behera, B.; Maier, G.; Prokoph, H.; Vincent, S.; Welsing, R.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Biland, A.; Hildebrand, D.; Knoetig, M. L.; Vogler, P.] ETH, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Bretz, T.; Fidalgo, D. Carreto; Dorner, D.; Eisenacher, D.; Lewandowska, N.; Mannheim, K.; Ruegamer, S.; Spanier, F.; Steinbring, T.; Storz, J.; Tibolla, O.] Univ Wurzburg, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Carmona, E.; Delgado Mendez, C.] Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Doert, M.; Einecke, S.; Frantzen, K.; Hadamek, A.; Overkemping, A.; Rhode, W.; Thaele, J.; Uellenbeck, M.] Tech Univ Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany. [Dominguez, A.; Prada, F.; Zandanel, F.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain. [Doro, M.; Mariotti, M.; Paiano, S.; Prandini, E.; Saggion, A.; Scalzotto, V.; Schultz, C.] Univ Padua, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Doro, M.; Mariotti, M.; Paiano, S.; Prandini, E.; Saggion, A.; Scalzotto, V.; Schultz, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Farina, E.; Treves, A.] Univ Insubria, I-22100 Como, Italy. [Font, L.; Garrido Terrats, D.; Gaug, M.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Unitat Fis Radiac, Dept Fis, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Font, L.; Garrido Terrats, D.; Gaug, M.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CERES IEEC, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Hadasch, D.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Ciencies Espai IEEC CSIC, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Lindfors, E.; Nilsson, K.; Reinthal, R.; Sillanpaa, A.; Takalo, L.; Sainio, J.] Univ Turku, Finnish MAG Consortium, Tuorla Observ, Oulu 900147, Finland. [Lindfors, E.; Nilsson, K.; Reinthal, R.; Sillanpaa, A.; Takalo, L.; Sainio, J.] Univ Oulu, Dept Phys, Oulu 900147, Finland. [Kushida, J.; Nakajima, D.; Orito, R.; Saito, T.; Saito, K.] Kyoto Univ, Japanese MAG Consortium, Div Phys & Astron, Kyoto 6068501, Japan. [Makariev, M.; Maneva, G.; Temnikov, P.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res & Nucl Energy, BU-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. [Marcote, B.; Munar-Adrover, P.; Paredes, J. M.; Paredes-Fortuny, X.; Ribo, M.; Zanin, R.] Univ Barcelona, ICC IEEC, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Moroni, P. G. Prada; Shore, S. N.] Univ Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. [Moroni, P. G. Prada; Shore, S. N.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. [Bretz, T.] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Dominguez, A.] UC Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Lindfors, E.; Nilsson, K.] Finnish Ctr Astron, ESO FINCA, Turku, Finland. [Persic, M.] INAF Trieste, Trieste, Italy. [Prada, F.] UAM, CSIC, Inst Fis Teor, Madrid 28049, Spain. [Wagner, R. M.] Stockholms Univ, Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, Stockholm, Sweden. [Zandanel, F.; Chen, X.; Federici, S.; Pohl, M.; Telezhinsky, I.] Univ Amsterdam, GRAPPA Inst, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Beilicke, M.; Bugaev, V.; Krawczynski, H.; Zajczyk, A.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Benbow, W.; Cerruti, M.; Galante, N.; Roache, E.; Weekes, T. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA. [Berger, K.; Holder, J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Berger, K.; Holder, J.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Bird, R.; Collins-Hughes, E.; de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain; Quinn, J.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Bouvier, A.; Furniss, A.; Johnson, C. A.; Williams, D. 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[Griffin, S.; Hanna, D.; Rajotte, J.; Staszak, D.; Tyler, J.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Griffiths, S. T.; Kaaret, P.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Kertzman, M.] DePauw Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA. [Kieda, D.; Sheidaei, F.; Smith, A. W.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Madhavan, A. S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Majumdar, P.; Ong, R. A.; Popkow, A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Majumdar, P.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata 700064, India. [Meagher, K.; Otte, A. N.; Richards, G. T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Meagher, K.; Otte, A. N.; Richards, G. T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Moriarty, P.] Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Dept Life & Phys Sci, Galway, Ireland. 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[Cesarini, A.] Univ Trento, Dept Phys, I-38050 Povo, Trento, Italy. [Fuhrmann, L.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Kovalev, Yu. A.; Kovalev, Y. Y.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Ctr Astro Space, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Kurtanidze, O. M.] Kazan Fed Univ, Engelhardt Astron Observ, Tatarstan, Russia. [Lahteenmaki, A.] Aalto Univ, Dept Radio Sci & Engn, Aalto 00076, Finland. RP Paneque, D (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. EM mankuzhiyil.nijil@gmail.com; dpaneque@mppmu.mpg.de; konstancjas@googlemail.com RI Lahteenmaki, Anne/L-5987-2013; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014; Lopez Moya, Marcos/L-2304-2014; Maneva, Galina/L-7120-2016; Temnikov, Petar/L-6999-2016; Makariev, Martin/M-2122-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; Martinez Rodriguez, Manel/C-2539-2017; Cortina, Juan/C-2783-2017; Kovalev, Yuri/J-5671-2013; Stamatescu, Victor/C-9945-2016; Font, Lluis/L-4197-2014; GAug, Markus/L-2340-2014; Antoranz, Pedro/H-5095-2015; Miranda, Jose Miguel/F-2913-2013; Delgado, Carlos/K-7587-2014; Nieto, Daniel/J-7250-2015; Larionov, Valeri/H-1349-2013; Kovalev, Yuri/N-1053-2015; Grishina, Tatiana/H-6873-2013; Kopatskaya, Evgenia/H-4720-2013; OI Prada Moroni, Pier Giorgio/0000-0001-9712-9916; Dominguez, Alberto/0000-0002-3433-4610; Villata, Massimo/0000-0003-1743-6946; Stamerra, Antonio/0000-0002-9430-5264; LA BARBERA, ANTONINO/0000-0002-5880-8913; Cui, Wei/0000-0002-6324-5772; Umana, Grazia/0000-0002-6972-8388; Buemi, Carla Simona/0000-0002-7288-4613; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/0000-0001-7282-2394; Lopez Moya, Marcos/0000-0002-8791-7908; Temnikov, Petar/0000-0002-9559-3384; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Barrio, Juan/0000-0002-0965-0259; Cortina, Juan/0000-0003-4576-0452; Leto, Paolo/0000-0003-4864-2806; Kovalev, Yuri/0000-0001-9303-3263; Stamatescu, Victor/0000-0001-9030-7513; Font, Lluis/0000-0003-2109-5961; GAug, Markus/0000-0001-8442-7877; Antoranz, Pedro/0000-0002-3015-3601; Miranda, Jose Miguel/0000-0002-1472-9690; Delgado, Carlos/0000-0002-7014-4101; Nieto, Daniel/0000-0003-3343-0755; Larionov, Valeri/0000-0002-4640-4356; Grishina, Tatiana/0000-0002-3953-6676; Kopatskaya, Evgenia/0000-0001-9518-337X; Doro, Michele/0000-0001-9104-3214; Prandini, Elisa/0000-0003-4502-9053; Palatiello, Michele/0000-0002-4124-5747; Becerra Gonzalez, Josefa/0000-0002-6729-9022; Bird, Ralph/0000-0002-4596-8563; Covino, Stefano/0000-0001-9078-5507; Bonnoli, Giacomo/0000-0003-2464-9077; Antonelli, Lucio Angelo/0000-0002-5037-9034; Cesarini, Andrea/0000-0002-8611-8610; Perri, Matteo/0000-0003-3613-4409; Persic, Massimo/0000-0003-1853-4900; Raiteri, Claudia Maria/0000-0003-1784-2784; Farina, Emanuele Paolo/0000-0002-6822-2254; Giroletti, Marcello/0000-0002-8657-8852; Ahnen, Max Ludwig/0000-0003-1000-0082 FU German BMBF; MPG; Italian INFN; Swiss National Fund SNF; Spanish MICINN; CPAN [CSD2007-00042]; MultiDark projects of the Spanish Consolider-Ingenio programme [CSD2009-00064]; Bulgarian NSF [DO02-353]; Academy of Finland [127740]; Croatian science Foundation [Projekt 09/176]; DFG Cluster of Excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe"; DFG [SFB823/C4, SFB876/C3]; Polish MNiSzW [745/N-HESS-MAGIC/2010/0]; US Department of Energy Office of Science; US National Science Foundation; Smithsonian Institution; NSERC in Canada; Science Foundation Ireland [SFI 10/RFP/AST2748]; STFC in the UK; Russian RFBR foundation [12-02-00452]; Georgian National Science Foundation [GNSF/ST07/180]; Academy of Finland to our observing projects [212656, 210338, 121148]; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation [14.518.11.7054]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [13-02-12103] FX We are grateful to the referee, who helped us to improve the quality of this manuscript. The authors acknowledge the valuable contribution from Daniel Kranich during the preparation of the multi-instrument observations, as well as in the first steps towards the data reduction and interpretation. We would like to thank the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias for the excellent working conditions at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos in La Palma. The support of the German BMBF and MPG, the Italian INFN, the Swiss National Fund SNF, and the Spanish MICINN is gratefully acknowledged. This work was also supported by the CPAN CSD2007-00042 and MultiDark CSD2009-00064 projects of the Spanish Consolider-Ingenio 2010 programme, by grant DO02-353 of the Bulgarian NSF, by grant 127740 of the Academy of Finland, by Projekt 09/176 of the Croatian science Foundation, by the DFG Cluster of Excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe", by the DFG Collaborative Research Centers SFB823/C4 and SFB876/C3, and by the Polish MNiSzW grant 745/N-HESS-MAGIC/2010/0. This research is supported by grants from the US Department of Energy Office of Science, the US National Science Foundation and the Smithsonian Institution, by NSERC in Canada, by Science Foundation Ireland (SFI 10/RFP/AST2748) and by STFC in the UK. We acknowledge the excellent work of the technical support staff at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory and at the collaborating institutions in the construction and operation of the instrument. The St. Petersburg University team acknowledges support from Russian RFBR foundation, grant 12-02-00452. The Abastumani Observatory team acknowledges financial support by the Georgian National Science Foundation through grant GNSF/ST07/180. The Metsahovi team acknowledges the support from the Academy of Finland to our observing projects (numbers 212656, 210338, 121148, and others). The RATAN-600 observations were carried out with financial support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (contract 14.518.11.7054), partial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (grant 13-02-12103) is also acknowledged. also acknowledge the use of public data from the Swift and RXTE data archive. NR 68 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 33 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 573 AR A50 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201322906 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX4KJ UT WOS:000346901300005 ER PT J AU Arnaud, M Atrio-Barandela, F Aumont, J Baccigalupi, C Banday, AJ Barreiro, RB Battaner, E Benabed, K Benoit-Levy, A Bernard, JT Bersanelli, M Bielewicz, P Bonaldi, A Bond, JR Borril, J Bouchet, ER Bueini, CS Burigana, C Cardoso, JF Casassus, S Catalano, A Cerrigone, L Chamballu, A Chiang, HC Colombi, S Colombo, LPL Couchot, F Crill, BP Curto, A Cuttaia, E Davies, RD Davis, RJ de Bernardis, P de Rosa, A de Zotti, G Delabrouille, J Dickinson, C Diego, JM Donzelli, S Dore, O Dupac, X Ensslin, TA Eriksen, HK Finelli, E Frailis, M Franceschi, E Galeotta, S Ganga, K Giard, M Gonzalez-Nuevo, J Gorski, KM Gregorio, A Gruppuso, A Hansen, EK Harrison, DL Hildebrandt, SR Hivon, E Holmes, WA Hora, JL Hornstrup, A Hovest, W Huffenberger, KM Jaffe, TR Jones, WC Juvela, M Keihanen, E Keskitalo, R Kisner, TS Knoche, J Kunz, M Kurki-Suonio, H Lahteenmaki, A Lamarre, JM Lasenby, A Lawrence, CR Leonardi, R Leto, P Lilje, PB Linden-Vornle, M Lopez-Cannieo, M Macias-Perez, JE Maffei, B Maino, D Mandolesi, N Martin, PG Masi, S Massardi, M Matarrese, S Mazzotta, P Mendes, L Mennella, A Migliaccio, M Miville-Deschenes, MA Moneti, A Montier, L Morgante, G Mortlock, D Munshi, D Murphy, JA Naselsky, P Nati, E Natoli, P Noviello, F Novikov, D Novikov, I Pagano, L Pajot, F Paladini, R Paoletti, D Peel, M Perdereau, O Perrotta, E Piacentini, E Piat, M Pietrobon, D Plaszczynski, S Pointecouteau, E Polenta, G Popa, L Pratt, GW Procopio, P Prunet, S Puget, JL Rachen, JP Reinecke, M Remazeilles, M Ricciardi, S Riller, T Ristorcelli, I Rocha, G Rossett, C Roudier, G Rubino-Martin, JA Rusholme, B Sandri, M Savini, G Scott, D Spencer, LD Stolyarov, V Sutton, D Suur-Uski, AS Sygnet, JF Tauber, JA Terenzi, L Toffolatti, L Tomasi, M Trigilio, C Tristram, M Trombetti, T Tucci, M Umana, G Valiviita, J Van Tent, B Vielva, P Villa, E Wade, LA Wandelt, BD Zacchei, A Zijlstra, A Zonca, A AF Arnaud, M. Atrio-Barandela, F. Aumont, J. Baccigalupi, C. Banday, A. J. Barreiro, R. B. Battaner, E. Benabed, K. Benoit-Levy, A. Bernard, J. T. Bersanelli, M. Bielewicz, P. Bonaldi, A. Bond, J. R. Borril, J. Bouchet, E. R. Bueini, C. S. Burigana, C. Cardoso, J. -F Casassus, S. Catalano, A. Cerrigone, L. Chamballu, A. Chiang, H. C. Colombi, S. Colombo, L. P. L. Couchot, F. Crill, B. P. Curto, A. Cuttaia, E. Davies, R. D. Davis, R. J. de Bernardis, P. de Rosa, A. de Zotti, G. Delabrouille, J. Dickinson, C. Diego, J. M. Donzelli, S. Dore, O. Dupac, X. Ensslin, T. A. Eriksen, H. K. Finelli, E. Frailis, M. Franceschi, E. Galeotta, S. Ganga, K. Giard, M. Gonzalez-Nuevo, J. Gorski, K. M. Gregorio, A. Gruppuso, A. Hansen, E. K. Harrison, D. L. Hildebrandt, S. R. Hivon, E. Holmes, W. A. Hora, J. L. Hornstrup, A. Hovest, W. Huffenberger, K. M. Jaffe, T. R. Jones, W. C. Juvela, M. Keihanen, E. Keskitalo, R. Kisner, T. S. Knoche, J. Kunz, M. Kurki-Suonio, H. Lahteenmaki, A. Lamarre, J. -M. Lasenby, A. Lawrence, C. R. Leonardi, R. Leto, P. Lilje, P. B. Linden-Vornle, M. Lopez-Cannieo, M. Macias-Perez, J. E. Maffei, B. Maino, D. Mandolesi, N. Martin, P. G. Masi, S. Massardi, M. Matarrese, S. Mazzotta, P. Mendes, L. Mennella, A. Migliaccio, M. Miville-Deschenes, M. -A. Moneti, A. Montier, L. Morgante, G. Mortlock, D. Munshi, D. Murphy, J. A. Naselsky, P. Nati, E. Natoli, P. Noviello, F. Novikov, D. Novikov, I. Pagano, L. Pajot, F. Paladini, R. Paoletti, D. Peel, M. Perdereau, O. Perrotta, E. Piacentini, E. Piat, M. Pietrobon, D. Plaszczynski, S. Pointecouteau, E. Polenta, G. Popa, L. Pratt, G. W. Procopio, P. Prunet, S. Puget, J. -L. Rachen, J. P. Reinecke, M. Remazeilles, M. Ricciardi, S. Riller, T. Ristorcelli, I. Rocha, G. Rossett, C. Roudier, G. Rubino-Martin, J. A. Rusholme, B. Sandri, M. Savini, G. Scott, D. Spencer, L. D. Stolyarov, V. Sutton, D. Suur-Uski, A. -S. Sygnet, J. -F. Tauber, J. A. Terenzi, L. Toffolatti, L. Tomasi, M. Trigilio, C. Tristram, M. Trombetti, T. Tucci, M. Umana, G. Valiviita, J. Van Tent, B. Vielva, P. Villa, E. Wade, L. A. Wandelt, B. D. Zacchei, A. Zijlstra, A. Zonca, A. TI Planck intermediate results. XVIII. The millimetre and sub-millimetre emission from planetary nebulae SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE planetary nebulae: general; radio continuum: ISM; submillimeter: ISM ID PRE-LAUNCH STATUS; ALL-SKY SURVEY; RADIO-CONTINUUM SPECTRA; ARRAY CAMERA IRAC; HELIX NEBULA; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; FLUX DENSITIES; SOURCE CATALOG; 5 GHZ; INFRARED OBSERVATIONS AB Late stages of stellar evolution are characterized by copious mass-loss events whose signature is the formation of circumstellar envelopes (CSE). Planck multi-frequency measurements have provided relevant information on a sample of Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe) in the important and relatively unexplored observational band between 30 and 857 GHz. Planck enables the assembly of comprehensive PNe spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from radio to far-IR frequencies. Modelling the derived SEDs provides us with information on physical properties of CSEs and the mass content of both main components: ionized gas, traced by the free-free emission at cm-mm waves; and thermal dust, traced by the millimetre and far-IR emission. In particular, the amount of ionized gas and dust has been derived here. Such quantities have also been estimated for the very young PN CRL618, where the strong variability observed in its radio and millimetre emission has previously prevented constructing its SED. A morphological study of the Helix Nebula was also performed. Planck maps reveal, for the first time, the spatial distribution of the dust inside the envelope, allowing us to identify different components, the most interesting of which is a very extended component (up to 1 pc) that may be related to a region where the slow expanding envelope is interacting with the surrounding interstellar medium. C1 [Cardoso, J. -F; Delabrouille, J.; Ganga, K.; Piat, M.; Remazeilles, M.; Rossett, C.; Roudier, G.] Univ Paris Diderot, Observ Paris, Sorbonne Paris Cite, APC,CNRS,1N2P3,CEA,Irfu, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Lahteenmaki, A.] Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, Aalto 00076, Finland. [Lahteenmaki, A.] Aalto Univ, Dept Radio Sci & Engn, Aalto 00076, Finland. [Kunz, M.] African Inst Math Sci, ZA-7945 Cape Town, South Africa. [Natoli, P.; Polenta, G.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Mandolesi, N.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, I-00198 Rome, Italy. [Curto, A.; Lasenby, A.; Stolyarov, V.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Astrophys Grp, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Chiang, H. C.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa. [Bond, J. R.; Martin, P. G.; Miville-Deschenes, M. -A.] Univ Toronto, CITA, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada. [Banday, A. J.; Bernard, J. T.; Bielewicz, P.; Giard, M.; Jaffe, T. R.; Montier, L.; Pointecouteau, E.; Ristorcelli, I.] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Dore, O.; Rocha, G.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Cerrigone, L.] CSIC, Ctr Astrobiol, INTA, Madrid 28850, Spain. [Borril, J.; Keskitalo, R.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Computat Cosmol Ctr, Berkeley, CA USA. [Chamballu, A.] CEA Saclay, DSM Irfu SPP, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Hornstrup, A.; Linden-Vornle, M.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Institute, DTU Space, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Kunz, M.; Tucci, M.] Univ Geneva, Dept Phys Theor, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. [Atrio-Barandela, F.] Univ Salamanca, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Fundamental, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain. [Toffolatti, L.] Univ Oviedo, Dept Fis, E-33007 Oviedo, Spain. [Rachen, J. P.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Scott, D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Colombo, L. P. L.] Univ So Calif, Dept Phys & Astron, Dana & David Dornsife Coll Letter Arts & Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Benoit-Levy, A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Huffenberger, K. M.] Florida State Univ, Dept Phys, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Juvela, M.; Keihanen, E.; Kurki-Suonio, H.; Suur-Uski, A. -S.; Valiviita, J.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Chiang, H. C.; Jones, W. C.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Zonca, A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Wandelt, B. D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL USA. [Matarrese, S.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Burigana, C.; Mandolesi, N.; Natoli, P.] Univ Ferrara, Dipartimento Fis Sci Terra, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy. [de Bernardis, P.; Masi, S.; Pagano, L.; Piacentini, E.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Bersanelli, M.; Maino, D.; Mennella, A.; Tomasi, M.] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Fis, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Gregorio, A.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Mazzotta, P.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Naselsky, P.] Niels Bohr Inst, Discovery Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Rubino-Martin, J. A.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain. [Dupac, X.; Leonardi, R.; Mendes, L.] European Space Agcy, ESAC, Planck Sci Off, Madrid 28691, Spain. [Tauber, J. A.] European Space Agcy, Estec, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Terenzi, L.] Univ eCampus, Fac Ingn, I-22060 Novedrate, CO, Italy. [Hora, J. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kurki-Suonio, H.; Lahteenmaki, A.; Suur-Uski, A. -S.; Valiviita, J.] Univ Helsinki, Helsinki Inst Phys, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Bueini, C. S.; Leto, P.; Trigilio, C.] Osserv Astrofis Catania, INAI, I-95123 Catania, Italy. [de Zotti, G.] Osserv Astron Padova, INAF, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Polenta, G.] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Frailis, M.; Galeotta, S.; Gregorio, A.; Zacchei, A.] Osserv Astron Trieste, INAF, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. [Massardi, M.] Ist Radioastron, INAF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Burigana, C.; de Rosa, A.; Finelli, E.; Franceschi, E.; Gruppuso, A.; Mandolesi, N.; Morgante, G.; Natoli, P.; Paoletti, D.; Procopio, P.; Ricciardi, S.; Sandri, M.; Terenzi, L.; Toffolatti, L.; Trombetti, T.; Villa, E.] IASF Bologna, INAF, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Bersanelli, M.; Donzelli, S.; Maino, D.; Mennella, A.; Tomasi, M.] IASF Milano, INAF, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Burigana, C.; Finelli, E.; Paoletti, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. [Pagano, L.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma 1, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Gregorio, A.] Natl Inst Nucl Phys, INFN, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Mortlock, D.; Novikov, D.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Astrophys Grp, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Paladini, R.; Rusholme, B.] CALTECH, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Aumont, J.; Chamballu, A.; Kunz, M.; Miville-Deschenes, M. -A.; Pajot, F.; Puget, J. -L.; Remazeilles, M.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Spatiale, UMR 8617, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Benabed, K.; Benoit-Levy, A.; Bouchet, E. R.; Cardoso, J. -F; Colombi, S.; Hivon, E.; Moneti, A.; Prunet, S.; Sygnet, J. -F.; Wandelt, B. D.] CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR 7095, F-75014 Paris, France. [Popa, L.] Inst Space Sci, Bucharest 077125, Romania. [Harrison, D. L.; Migliaccio, M.; Sutton, D.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Eriksen, H. K.; Hansen, E. K.; Lilje, P. B.] Univ Oslo, Inst Theoret Astrophys, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. [Rubino-Martin, J. A.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Tenerife 38205, Spain. [Barreiro, R. B.; Curto, A.; Diego, J. M.; Gonzalez-Nuevo, J.; Lopez-Cannieo, M.; Toffolatti, L.; Vielva, P.] Univ Cantabria, CSIC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Colombo, L. P. L.; Crill, B. P.; Dore, O.; Gorski, K. M.; Hildebrandt, S. R.; Holmes, W. A.; Lawrence, C. R.; Pietrobon, D.; Rocha, G.; Roudier, G.; Wade, L. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Bonaldi, A.; Davies, R. D.; Davis, R. J.; Dickinson, C.; Maffei, B.; Noviello, F.; Peel, M.; Remazeilles, M.; Zijlstra, A.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Harrison, D. L.; Lasenby, A.; Migliaccio, M.; Stolyarov, V.; Sutton, D.] Kavli Inst Cosmol Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Couchot, F.; Perdereau, O.; Plaszczynski, S.; Tristram, M.; Tucci, M.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, IN2P3, LAL, F-91898 Orsay, France. [Catalano, A.; Lamarre, J. -M.; Roudier, G.] Observ Paris, CNRS, LERMA, F-75014 Paris, France. [Arnaud, M.; Chamballu, A.; Pratt, G. W.] Univ Paris Diderot, IRFU Serv Astrophys, Lab AIM, CEA,DSM,CNRS, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Cardoso, J. -F] CNRS, Lab Traitement & Commun Informat, UMR 5141, F-75634 Paris 13, France. [Cardoso, J. -F] Telecom ParisTech, F-75634 Paris 13, France. [Catalano, A.; Macias-Perez, J. E.] Univ Grenoble 1, Inst Natl Polytech Grenoble, Lab Phys Subatom & Cosmol, CNRS,IN2P3, F-38026 Grenoble, France. [Van Tent, B.] Univ Paris 11, Phys Theor Lab, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Van Tent, B.] CNRS, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Kisner, T. S.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ensslin, T. A.; Hovest, W.; Knoche, J.; Rachen, J. P.; Reinecke, M.; Riller, T.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Murphy, J. A.] Natl Univ Ireland, Dept Expt Phys, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland. [Naselsky, P.; Novikov, I.] Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Crill, B. P.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Savini, G.] UCL, Opt Sci Lab, London, England. [Baccigalupi, C.; Bielewicz, P.; de Zotti, G.; Gonzalez-Nuevo, J.; Perrotta, E.] SISSA, Astrophys Sect, I-34136 Trieste, Italy. [Munshi, D.; Spencer, L. D.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CE24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Borril, J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Stolyarov, V.] Russian Acad Sci, Special Astrophys Observ, Zelenchukskiy Region 369167, Karachai Cherke, Russia. [Benabed, K.; Benoit-Levy, A.; Bouchet, E. R.; Colombi, S.; Hivon, E.; Prunet, S.; Wandelt, B. D.] Univ Paris 06, UMR 7095, F-75014 Paris, France. [Casassus, S.] Univ Chile, Santiago, Chile. [Banday, A. J.; Bernard, J. T.; Bielewicz, P.; Giard, M.; Jaffe, T. R.; Montier, L.; Pointecouteau, E.; Ristorcelli, I.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Battaner, E.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, E-18071 Granada, Spain. [Battaner, E.] Univ Granada, Inst Carlos Fis Teor & Computac 1, Granada, Spain. [Gorski, K. M.] Univ Warsaw Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. RP Umana, G (reprint author), Osserv Astrofis Catania, INAI, I-95123 Catania, Italy. EM grazia.umana@oact.inaf.it RI Toffolatti, Luigi/K-5070-2014; Vielva, Patricio/F-6745-2014; Barreiro, Rita Belen/N-5442-2014; Lopez-Caniego, Marcos/M-4695-2013; Gonzalez-Nuevo, Joaquin/I-3562-2014; Gruppuso, Alessandro/N-5592-2015; Novikov, Dmitry/P-1807-2015; Valiviita, Jussi/A-9058-2016; Mazzotta, Pasquale/B-1225-2016; Kurki-Suonio, Hannu/B-8502-2016; Lahteenmaki, Anne/L-5987-2013; Remazeilles, Mathieu/N-1793-2015; Tomasi, Maurizio/I-1234-2016; Casassus, Simon/I-8609-2016; Novikov, Igor/N-5098-2015; Colombo, Loris/J-2415-2016; Nati, Federico/I-4469-2016; popa, lucia/B-4718-2012; Piacentini, Francesco/E-7234-2010; Atrio-Barandela, Fernando/A-7379-2017; Stolyarov, Vladislav/C-5656-2017; OI Toffolatti, Luigi/0000-0003-2645-7386; Vielva, Patricio/0000-0003-0051-272X; Barreiro, Rita Belen/0000-0002-6139-4272; Gonzalez-Nuevo, Joaquin/0000-0003-1354-6822; Gruppuso, Alessandro/0000-0001-9272-5292; Valiviita, Jussi/0000-0001-6225-3693; Mazzotta, Pasquale/0000-0002-5411-1748; Kurki-Suonio, Hannu/0000-0002-4618-3063; Finelli, Fabio/0000-0002-6694-3269; Buemi, Carla Simona/0000-0002-7288-4613; De Zotti, Gianfranco/0000-0003-2868-2595; Sandri, Maura/0000-0003-4806-5375; Franceschi, Enrico/0000-0002-0585-6591; Polenta, Gianluca/0000-0003-4067-9196; Morgante, Gianluca/0000-0001-9234-7412; Lopez-Caniego, Marcos/0000-0003-1016-9283; Peel, Mike/0000-0003-3412-2586; Masi, Silvia/0000-0001-5105-1439; de Bernardis, Paolo/0000-0001-6547-6446; Remazeilles, Mathieu/0000-0001-9126-6266; Tomasi, Maurizio/0000-0002-1448-6131; Colombo, Loris/0000-0003-4572-7732; Nati, Federico/0000-0002-8307-5088; Piacentini, Francesco/0000-0002-5444-9327; Atrio-Barandela, Fernando/0000-0002-2130-2513; Stolyarov, Vladislav/0000-0001-8151-828X; Trombetti, Tiziana/0000-0001-5166-2467; Rubino-Martin, Jose Alberto/0000-0001-5289-3021; Ricciardi, Sara/0000-0002-3807-4043; Savini, Giorgio/0000-0003-4449-9416; Juvela, Mika/0000-0002-5809-4834; Zacchei, Andrea/0000-0003-0396-1192; Hivon, Eric/0000-0003-1880-2733; Lilje, Per/0000-0003-4324-7794; Paoletti, Daniela/0000-0003-4761-6147; Leto, Paolo/0000-0003-4864-2806; Cuttaia, Francesco/0000-0001-6608-5017; Huffenberger, Kevin/0000-0001-7109-0099; Burigana, Carlo/0000-0002-3005-5796; Bouchet, Francois/0000-0002-8051-2924; Villa, Fabrizio/0000-0003-1798-861X; TERENZI, LUCA/0000-0001-9915-6379; Matarrese, Sabino/0000-0002-2573-1243; Galeotta, Samuele/0000-0002-3748-5115; WANDELT, Benjamin/0000-0002-5854-8269; Umana, Grazia/0000-0002-6972-8388; Scott, Douglas/0000-0002-6878-9840; Frailis, Marco/0000-0002-7400-2135; Gregorio, Anna/0000-0003-4028-8785 FU ESA; CNES (France); CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI (Italy); CNR (Italy); INAF (Italy); NASA (USA); DoE (USA); STFC (UK); UKSA (UK); CSIC (Spain); MICINN (Spain); JA (Spain); RES (Spain); Tekes (Finland); AoF (Finland); CSC (Finland); DLR (Germany); MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); PRACE (EU); Spanish Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas; European Social Fund; Spanish MICINN [AYA2009-07304, CSD2009-00038] FX The development of Planck has been supported by: ESA; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MICINN, JA and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); and PRACE (EU). A description of the Planck Collaboration and a list of its members, including the technical or scientific activities in which they have been involved, can be found at http://www.sciops.esa.int/index.php?project=planck&page=Planck_Collabora tion The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. L. Cerrigone acknowledges funding from the Spanish Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas through a JAE-Doc research contract, co-funded by the European Social Fund. L. C. thanks the Spanish MICINN for funding support through grants AYA2009-07304 and CSD2009-00038. NR 173 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 15 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 573 AR A6 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201423836 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX4KJ UT WOS:000346901300016 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Herczeg, GJ Gong, MA Allers, KN Brown, JM Kraus, AL Liu, MC Shkolnik, EL van Dishoeck, EF AF Liu, Yao Herczeg, Gregory J. Gong, Munan Allers, Katelyn N. Brown, Joanna M. Kraus, Adam L. Liu, Michael C. Shkolnik, Evgenya L. van Dishoeck, Ewine F. TI Herschel/PACS view of disks around low-mass stars and brown dwarfs in the TW Hydrae association SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: low-mass; circumstellar matter; brown dwarfs; protoplanetary disks ID SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; INTERSTELLAR SILICATE MINERALOGY; CIRCUMSTELLAR DUST DISKS; YOUNG SUBSTELLAR OBJECTS; GOULD BELT SURVEY; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; RHO-OPHIUCHI; EVOLUTIONARY MODELS; STELLAR OBJECTS AB We conducted Herschel/PACS observations of five very low-mass stars or brown dwarfs located in the TW Hya association with the goal of characterizing the properties of disks in the low stellar mass regime. We detected all five targets at 70 mu m and 100 mu m and three targets at 160 mu m. Our observations, combined with previous photometry from 2MASS, WISE, and SCUBA-2, enabled us to construct spectral energy distributions (SEDs) with extended wavelength coverage. Using sophisticated radiative transfer models, we analyzed the observed SEDs of the five detected objects with a hybrid fitting strategy that combines the model grids and the simulated annealing algorithm and evaluated the constraints on the disk properties via the Bayesian inference method. The modeling suggests that disks around low-mass stars and brown dwarfs are generally flatter than their higher mass counterparts, but the range of disk mass extends to well below the value found in T Tauri stars, and the disk scale heights are comparable in both groups. The inferred disk properties (i.e., disk mass, flaring, and scale height) in the low stellar mass regime are consistent with previous findings from large samples of brown dwarfs and very low-mass stars. We discuss the dependence of disk properties on their host stellar parameters and find a significant correlation between the Herschel far-IR fluxes and the stellar effective temperatures, probably indicating that the scaling between the stellar and disk masses (i.e., M-disk proportional to M-star) observed mainly in low-mass stars may extend down to the brown dwarf regime. C1 [Liu, Yao] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Liu, Yao] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Radio Astron, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Herczeg, Gregory J.] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Gong, Munan] Tsinghua Univ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Gong, Munan] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Allers, Katelyn N.] Bucknell Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA. [Brown, Joanna M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kraus, Adam L.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Liu, Michael C.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Shkolnik, Evgenya L.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [van Dishoeck, Ewine F.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [van Dishoeck, Ewine F.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Liu, Y (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, 2 West Beijing Rd, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM yliu@pmo.ac.cn FU Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China [BK20141046]; Youth Qianren Program of the National Science Foundation of China; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB09000000] FX We thank the anonymous referee for valuable comments that improved the manuscript. We thank Hongchi Wang and Zhibo Jiang for useful discussions. Y.L. acknowledges the support by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (Grant No. BK20141046). G.J.H. is supported by the Youth Qianren Program of the National Science Foundation of China. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. PACS has been developed by a consortium of institutes led by MPE (Germany) and including UVIE (Austria); KU Leuven, CSL, IMEC (Belgium); CEA, LAM (France); MPIA (Germany); INAF-IFSI/OAA/OAP/OAT, LENS, SISSA (Italy); IAC (Spain). This work is supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Grant No. XDB09000000. NR 75 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 573 AR A63 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424721 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX4KJ UT WOS:000346901300076 ER PT J AU Mancuso, S Raymond, JC AF Mancuso, S. Raymond, J. C. TI Doppler-shift oscillations in the HI Ly alpha coronal emission line: spectroscopic signature of propagating kink waves? SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Sun: corona; Sun: UV radiation; Sun: oscillations; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs) ID LOOP OSCILLATIONS; ALFVEN WAVES; TRANSVERSE OSCILLATIONS; TRANSITION-REGION; SOLAR CORONA; TIME-SERIES; JETS; SPECTROMETER; SEISMOLOGY; EXPLORER AB We report the first detection of long-period, slowly decaying Doppler-shift oscillations in the H I Ly alpha (1215.67 angstrom) coronal emission line with the Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) onboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) satellite. The UV spectral data were collected at 1.43 R-circle dot above the eastern limb of the Sun during a special high-cadence sit-and-stare observation on 1997 December 14. lime-series analyses with different spectral techniques clearly show highly significant Doppler-shift oscillations in a portion with a size of 154 '' of the UVCS slit that lasted for several cycles. A period of P = 14.3 +/- 0.4 min was established with a confidence of better than 99.9% in the Lomb-Scargle periodogram. On average, the Doppler-shift amplitude of 3.7 +/- 0.7 km s(-1) was estimated for the most significant oscillations, roughly corresponding to a displacement of 800 +/- 150 km. The origin of the regular H I Ly alpha Doppler-shill oscillations is most probably due to the excitation of propagating fast magnetoacoustic kink waves along a narrow, jet-like ejection observed higher up in the white-light corona. However, different mechanisms, such as low-amplitude coherent kink oscillations of a bundle of loops along the line of sight or quasi-periodic outflows caused by oscillatory magnetic reconnection in the low corona cannot be ruled out. C1 [Mancuso, S.] Osserv Astron Torino, Ist Nazl Astrofis, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. [Raymond, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Mancuso, S (reprint author), Osserv Astron Torino, Ist Nazl Astrofis, Str Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. EM mancuso@oato.inaf.it NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 573 AR A33 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424898 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX4KJ UT WOS:000346901300090 ER PT J AU Pinilla, P Ovelar, MD Ataiee, S Benisty, M Birnstiel, T van Dishoeck, EF Min, M AF Pinilla, P. Ovelar, M. de Juan Ataiee, S. Benisty, M. Birnstiel, T. van Dishoeck, E. F. Min, M. TI Gas and dust structures in protoplanetary disks hosting multiple planets SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; hydrodynamics; radiative transfer; planets and satellites: formation; planet-disk interactions ID ROSSBY-WAVE INSTABILITY; LONG-TERM EVOLUTION; TRANSITIONAL DISKS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; ECCENTRICITY GROWTH; EMBEDDED PLANETS; ACCRETION DISKS; GIANT PLANETS; SAO 206462; SR 21 AB Context. Transition disks have dust-depleted inner regions and may represent an intermediate step of an on-going disk dispersal process, where planet formation is probably in progress. Recent millimetre observations of transition disks reveal radially and azimuthally asymmetric structures, where micron-and millimetre-sized dust particles may not spatially coexist. These properties can be the result of particle trapping and grain growth in pressure bumps originating from the disk interaction with a planetary companion. The multiple features observed in some transition disks, such as SR 21, suggest the presence of more than one planet. Aims. We aim to study the gas and dust distributions of a disk hosting two massive planets as a function of different disk and dust parameters. Observational signatures, such as spectral energy distributions, sub-millimetre, and polarised images, are simulated for various parameters. Methods. Two dimensional hydrodynamical and one dimensional dust evolution numerical simulations are performed for a disk interacting with two massive planets. Adopting the previously determined dust distribution, and assuming an axisymmetric disk model, radiative transfer simulations are used to produce spectral energy distributions and synthetic images in polarised intensity at 1.6 mu m and sub-millimetre wavelengths (850 mu m). We analyse possible scenarios that can lead to gas azimuthal asymmetries. Results. We confirm that planets can lead to particle trapping, although for a disk with high viscosity (alpha(turb) = 10(-2)), the planet should be more massive than 5 M-Jup and dust fragmentation should occur with low efficiency (v(f) similar to 30 m s(-1)). This will lead to a ring-like feature as observed in transition disks in the millimetre. When trapping occurs, we find that a smooth distribution of micron-sized grains throughout the disk, sometimes observed in scattered light, can only happen if the combination of planet mass and turbulence is such that small grains are not fully filtered out. A high disk viscosity (alpha(turb) = 10(-2)) ensures a replenishment of the cavity in micron-sized dust, while for lower viscosity (alpha(turb) = 10(-3)), the planet mass is constrained to be less than 5 M-Jup. In these cases, the gas distribution is likely to show low-amplitude azimuthal asymmetries caused by disk eccentricity rather than by long-lived vortices. C1 [Pinilla, P.; van Dishoeck, E. F.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Ovelar, M. de Juan] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England. [Ataiee, S.] Inst Res Fundamental Sci, Sch Astron, Tehran, Iran. [Benisty, M.] Univ Grenoble Alpes, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Benisty, M.] CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Birnstiel, T.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [van Dishoeck, E. F.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Min, M.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Pinilla, P (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM pinilla@strw.leidenuniv.nl OI Birnstiel, Tilman/0000-0002-1899-8783 FU NASA Origins of Solar Systems [NNX12AJ04G]; Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA) FX The authors are thankful to H. Meheut for fruitful discussions and D. Fedele for providing the DIGIT data of SR 21. P. P. is supported by Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen (KNAW) professor prize to Ewine van Dishoeck. T. B. acknowledges support from NASA Origins of Solar Systems grant NNX12AJ04G. Astrochemistry in Leiden is supported by the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA). NR 75 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 7 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 573 AR A9 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424679 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX4KJ UT WOS:000346901300068 ER PT J AU Rosario, DJ McIntosh, DH van der Wel, A Kartaltepe, J Lang, P Santini, P Wuyts, S Lutz, D Rafelski, M Villforth, C Alexander, DM Bauer, FE Bell, EF Berta, S Brandt, WN Conselice, CJ Dekel, A Faber, SM Ferguson, HC Genzel, R Grogin, NA Kocevski, DD Koekemoer, AM Koo, DC Lotz, JM Magnelli, B Maiolino, R Mozena, M Mullaney, JR Papovich, CJ Popesso, P Tacconi, LJ Trump, JR Avadhuta, S Bassett, R Bell, A Bernyk, M Bournaud, F Cassata, P Cheung, E Croton, D Donley, J DeGroot, L Guedes, J Hathi, N Herrington, J Hilton, M Lai, K Lani, C Martig, M McGrath, E Mutch, S Mortlock, A McPartland, C O'Leary, E Peth, M Pillepich, A Poole, G Snyder, D Straughn, A Telford, O Tonini, C Wandro, P AF Rosario, D. J. McIntosh, D. H. van der Wel, A. Kartaltepe, J. Lang, P. Santini, P. Wuyts, S. Lutz, D. Rafelski, M. Villforth, C. Alexander, D. M. Bauer, F. E. Bell, E. F. Berta, S. Brandt, W. N. Conselice, C. J. Dekel, A. Faber, S. M. Ferguson, H. C. Genzel, R. Grogin, N. A. Kocevski, D. D. Koekemoer, A. M. Koo, D. C. Lotz, J. M. Magnelli, B. Maiolino, R. Mozena, M. Mullaney, J. R. Papovich, C. J. Popesso, P. Tacconi, L. J. Trump, J. R. Avadhuta, S. Bassett, R. Bell, A. Bernyk, M. Bournaud, F. Cassata, P. Cheung, E. Croton, D. Donley, J. DeGroot, L. Guedes, J. Hathi, N. Herrington, J. Hilton, M. Lai, K. Lani, C. Martig, M. McGrath, E. Mutch, S. Mortlock, A. McPartland, C. O'Leary, E. Peth, M. Pillepich, A. Poole, G. Snyder, D. Straughn, A. Telford, O. Tonini, C. Wandro, P. TI The host galaxies of X- ray selected active galactic nuclei to z=2.5: Structure, star formation, and their relationships from CANDELS and Herschel/PACS SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: structure; galaxies: star formation; surveys; methods: statistical; X-rays: galaxies ID SIMILAR-TO 2; DEEP FIELD-SOUTH; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; EXTRAGALACTIC LEGACY SURVEY; HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; MERGER-AGN CONNECTION; MASSIVE GALAXIES AB We study the relationship between the structure and star formation rate (SFR) of X-ray selected low and moderate luminosity active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the two Chandra Deep Fields, using Hubble Space Telescope imaging from the Cosmic Assembly Near Infrared Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) and deep far-infrared maps from the PEP+GOODS-Herschel survey. We derive detailed distributions of structural parameters and FIR luminosities from carefully constructed control samples of galaxies, which we then compare to those of the AGNs. At z similar to 1, AGNs show slightly diskier light profiles than massive inactive (non-AGN) galaxies, as well as modestly higher levels of gross galaxy disturbance (as measured by visual signatures of interactions and clumpy structure). In contrast, at z similar to 2, AGNs show similar levels of galaxy disturbance as inactive galaxies, but display a red central light enhancement, which may arise from a more pronounced bulge in AGN hosts or extinguished nuclear light. We undertake a number of tests of both these alternatives, but our results do not strongly favor one interpretation over the other. The mean SFR and its distribution among AGNs and inactive galaxies are similar at z > 1.5. At z < 1, however, clear and significant enhancements are seen in the SFRs of AGNs with bulge-dominated light profiles. These trends suggest an evolution in the relation between nuclear activity and host properties with redshift, towards a minor role for mergers and interactions at z > 1.5. C1 [Rosario, D. J.; Lang, P.; Wuyts, S.; Lutz, D.; Berta, S.; Genzel, R.; Tacconi, L. J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [McIntosh, D. H.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [van der Wel, A.; O'Leary, E.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Kartaltepe, J.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Santini, P.] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Rafelski, M.] CALTECH, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA USA. [Alexander, D. M.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Bauer, F. E.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Inst Astrofis, Fac Fis, Santiago 22, Chile. [Bell, E. F.; Bell, A.; Herrington, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Brandt, W. N.; Trump, J. R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Conselice, C. J.; Mortlock, A.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Dekel, A.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Faber, S. M.; Koo, D. C.; Mozena, M.; Cheung, E.; Lai, K.; Snyder, D.; Wandro, P.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Univ Calif Observ, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Ferguson, H. C.; Grogin, N. A.; Koekemoer, A. M.; Lotz, J. M.; Avadhuta, S.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Kocevski, D. D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Magnelli, B.] Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Maiolino, R.] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge CB3 OHA, England. [Maiolino, R.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 OHE, England. [Mullaney, J. R.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. [Papovich, C. J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX USA. [Popesso, P.] Tech Univ Munich, Exzellenzcluster Universe, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Villforth, C.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Bauer, F. E.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Bassett, R.; Bernyk, M.; Croton, D.; Martig, M.; Mutch, S.; Poole, G.; Tonini, C.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. [Bournaud, F.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA DSM Irfu CNRS, Lab AIM Paris Saclay, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Cassata, P.] Univ Valparaiso, Fac Ciencias, Inst Fis & Astron, Valparaiso, Chile. [Donley, J.; Lani, C.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [DeGroot, L.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Guedes, J.] ETH, Inst Astron, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Hathi, N.] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Hilton, M.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, ZA-4041 Durban, South Africa. [McGrath, E.] Colby Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterville, ME 04901 USA. [McPartland, C.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [O'Leary, E.] Macalester Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. [Peth, M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Pillepich, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Straughn, A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Telford, O.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Villforth, C.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Rosario, DJ (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, Postfach 1312, D-85741 Garching, Germany. EM rosario@mpe.mpg.de RI Brandt, William/N-2844-2015; Hathi, Nimish/J-7092-2014; OI Brandt, William/0000-0002-0167-2453; Hathi, Nimish/0000-0001-6145-5090; Cheung, Edmond/0000-0001-8546-1428; Martig, Marie/0000-0001-5454-1492; Santini, Paola/0000-0002-9334-8705; Koekemoer, Anton/0000-0002-6610-2048; Bell, Eric/0000-0002-5564-9873 FU NASA [NAS5-26555]; BMVIT (Austria); ESA-PRODEX (Belgium); CEA/CNES (France); DLR (Germany); ASI (Italy); CICYT/MCYT (Spain); Basal-CATA [PFB-06/2007]; CONICYT-Chile (through FONDECYT) [1101024]; Gemini-CONICYT [32120003]; "EMBIGGEN" Anillo [ACT1101]; Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS) [IC120009]; Iniciativa Cientifica Milenio del Ministerio de Economia, Fomento y Turismo; Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/I001573/1]; Leverhulme Trust FX This work is based on observations taken by the CANDELS Multi-Cycle Treasury Program with the NASA/ESA HST, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. PACS has been developed by a consortium of institutes led by MPE (Germany) and including UVIE (Austria); KUL, CSL, IMEC (Belgium); CEA, OAMP (France); MPIA (Germany); IFSI, OAP/AOT, OAA/CAISMI, LENS, SISSA (Italy); IAC (Spain). This development has been supported by the funding agencies BMVIT (Austria), ESA-PRODEX (Belgium), CEA/CNES (France), DLR (Germany), ASI (Italy), and CICYT/MCYT (Spain). F.E.B. acknowledges support from Basal-CATA PFB-06/2007, CONICYT-Chile (through FONDECYT 1101024, Gemini-CONICYT 32120003, "EMBIGGEN" Anillo ACT1101), and Project IC120009 "Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS)", funded by the Iniciativa Cientifica Milenio del Ministerio de Economia, Fomento y Turismo. D.M.A. acknowledges support from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) grant ST/I001573/1 and the Leverhulme Trust. We thank Victoria Bruce for helpful discussion. NR 125 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 9 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 573 AR A85 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201423782 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX4KJ UT WOS:000346901300013 ER PT J AU Sicilia-Aguilar, A Roccatagliata, V Getman, K Riviere-Marichalar, P Birnstiel, T Merin, B Fang, M Henning, T Eiroa, C Currie, T AF Sicilia-Aguilar, Aurora Roccatagliata, Veronica Getman, Konstantin Riviere-Marichalar, Pablo Birnstiel, Tilman Merin, Bruno Fang, Min Henning, Thomas Eiroa, Carlos Currie, Thayne TI The Herschel/PACS view of the Cep OB2 region: Global protoplanetary disk evolution and clumpy star formation SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: pre-main sequence; protoplanetary disks; stars: formation; open clusters and associations: individual: CepOB2; circumstellar matter; stars: individual: HD206267 ID FAR-INFRARED OBSERVATIONS; INTERMEDIATE-MASS STARS; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; TRANSITIONAL DISKS; IC 1396; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; PLANET FORMATION; DUST FILTRATION; CLOUD STRUCTURE AB Context. The Cep OB2 region, with its two intermediate-aged clusters Tr 37 and NGC7160, is a paradigm of sequential star formation and an ideal site for studies of protoplanetary disk evolution. Aims. We use Herschel data to study the protoplanetary disks and the star formation history of the region. Methods. Herschel/PACS observations at 70 and 160 mu m probe the disk properties (mass, dust sizes, structure) and the evolutionary state of a large number of young stars. Far-IR data also trace the remnant cloud material and small-scale cloud structure. Results. We detect 95 protoplanetary disks at 70 mu m, 41 at 160 mu m, and obtain upper limits for more than 130 objects. The detection fraction at 70 mu m depends on the spectral type (88% for K4 or earlier stars, 17% for M3 or later stars) and on the disk type (similar to 50% for full and pre-transitional disks, similar to 35% for transitional disks, no low-excess/depleted disks detected). Non-accreting disks are not detected, suggesting significantly lower masses. Accreting transition and pre-transition disks have systematically higher 70 mu m excesses than full disks, suggestive of more massive, flared and/or thicker disks. Herschel data also reveal several mini-clusters in Tr 37, which are small, compact structures containing a few young stars surrounded by nebulosity. Conclusions. Far-IR data are an excellent probe of the evolution of disks that are too faint for sub-millimetre observations. We find a strong link between far-IR emission and accretion, and between the inner and outer disk structure. Herschel confirms the dichotomy between accreting and non-accreting transition disks. Accretion is a powerful measure of global disk evolution: substantial mass depletion and global evolution need to occur to shut down accretion in a protoplanetary disk, even if the disk has inner holes. Disks likely follow different evolutionary paths: low disk masses do not imply opening inner holes, and having inner holes does not require low disk masses. The mini-clusters reveal multi-episodic star formation in Tr 37. The long survival of mini-clusters suggest that they formed from the fragmentation of the same core. Their various morphologies favour different formation/triggering mechanisms acting within the same cluster. The beads-on-a-string structure in one mini-cluster is consistent with gravitational fragmentation or gravitational focusing, acting on very small scales (solar-mass stars in similar to 0.5 pc filaments). Multi-episodic star formation could also produce evolutionary variations between disks in the same region. Finally, Herschel also unveils what could be the first heavy mass loss episode of the O6.5 star HD206267 in Tr 37. C1 [Sicilia-Aguilar, Aurora] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Sicilia-Aguilar, Aurora; Riviere-Marichalar, Pablo; Fang, Min; Eiroa, Carlos] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Roccatagliata, Veronica] Univ Munich, Univ Strenwarte Munchen, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Getman, Konstantin] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Riviere-Marichalar, Pablo] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Birnstiel, Tilman] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Merin, Bruno] ESAC ESA, Herschel Sci Ctr, Madrid 28691, Spain. [Henning, Thomas] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Currie, Thayne] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada. RP Sicilia-Aguilar, A (reprint author), Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. EM asa5@st-andrews.ac.uk RI Roccatagliata, Veronica/Q-3421-2016; OI Birnstiel, Tilman/0000-0002-1899-8783 FU Spanish MICINN/MINECO "Ramon y Cajal" program [RYC-2010-06164]; action "Proyectos de Investigacion fundamental no orientada" [AYA2012-35008]; Spanish MICINN/MINECO [AYA2011-26202]; DLR [50 OR 1109]; Bayerischen Gleichstellungsforderung (BGF); NASA Origins of Solar Systems [NNX12AJ04G] FX We thank the anonymous referee for their comments that helped to improve and clarify this paper. We thank Bruno Altieri from the Herschel Helpdesk for his valuable help with the data reduction, Lorenzo Piazzo for making available the Unimap code, and Peter Woitke for the interesting discussion. We also thank Sofia Sayzhenkova from the computing support at the Departamento de Fisica Teorica, and Y. Ascasibar, E. Villaver, and A. Diaz for their help identifying the field planetary nebula found in Tr 37. A.S.A. acknowledges support by the Spanish MICINN/MINECO "Ramon y Cajal" program, grant number RYC-2010-06164. A.S.A. and M.F. acknowledge support by the action "Proyectos de Investigacion fundamental no orientada", grant number AYA2012-35008. C.E. is partly supported by Spanish MICINN/MINECO grant AYA2011-26202. V.R. is supported by the DLR grant number 50 OR 1109 and by the Bayerischen Gleichstellungsforderung (BGF). T.B. acknowledges support from NASA Origins of Solar Systems grant NNX12AJ04G. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. We also made use of Astropy, a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration, 2013) and APLpy, an open-source plotting package for Python hosted at http://aplpy.github.com. NR 77 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 573 AR A19 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424669 PG 39 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX4KJ UT WOS:000346901300066 ER PT J AU Abad, GG Liu, X Chance, K Wang, H Kurosu, TP Suleiman, R AF Abad, G. Gonzalez Liu, X. Chance, K. Wang, H. Kurosu, T. P. Suleiman, R. TI Updated Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Ozone Monitoring Instrument (SAO OMI) formaldehyde retrieval SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID MAX-DOAS OBSERVATIONS; ROTATIONAL RAMAN-SCATTERING; ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTIONS; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; GLOBAL OBSERVATIONS; NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; COLUMNS; GOME; SCIAMACHY; PRESSURE AB We present and discuss the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) formaldehyde (H2CO) retrieval algorithm for the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) which is the operational retrieval for NASA OMI H2CO. The version of the algorithm described here includes relevant changes with respect to the operational one, including differences in the reference spectra for H2CO, the fit of O-2-O-2 collisional complex, updates in the high-resolution solar reference spectrum, the use of a model reference sector over the remote Pacific Ocean to normalize the retrievals, an updated air mass factor (AMF) calculation scheme, and the inclusion of scattering weights and vertical H2CO profile in the level 2 products. The setup of the retrieval is discussed in detail. We compare the results of the updated retrieval with the results from the previous SAO H2CO retrieval. The improvement in the slant column fit increases the temporal stability of the retrieval and slightly reduces the noise. The change in the AMF calculation has increased the AMFs by 20 %, mainly due to the consideration of the radiative cloud fraction. Typical values for retrieved vertical columns are between 4 x 10(15) and 4 x 10(16) moleculescm(-2), with typical fitting uncertainties ranging between 45 and 100 %. In high-concentration regions the errors are usually reduced to 30 %. The detection limit is estimated at 1 x 10(16) moleculescm(-2). C1 [Abad, G. Gonzalez; Liu, X.; Chance, K.; Wang, H.; Suleiman, R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kurosu, T. P.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. RP Abad, GG (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM ggonzalezabad@cfa.harvard.edu RI Liu, Xiong/P-7186-2014; OI Liu, Xiong/0000-0003-2939-574X; Gonzalez Abad, Gonzalo/0000-0002-8090-6480 FU NASA Atmospheric Composition Program/Aura Science Team [NNX11AE58G]; Smithsonian Institution FX This study is supported by NASA Atmospheric Composition Program/Aura Science Team (NNX11AE58G) and the Smithsonian Institution. The Dutch-Finnish OMI instrument is part of the NASA EOS Aura satellite payload. The OMI project is managed by NIVR and KNMI in the Netherlands. We acknowledge the OMI International Science Team for providing OMI data used in this study. NR 58 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 17 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1867-1381 EI 1867-8548 J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH JI Atmos. Meas. Tech. PY 2015 VL 8 IS 1 BP 19 EP 32 DI 10.5194/amt-8-19-2015 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CA5WD UT WOS:000348977600002 ER PT J AU Snider, G Weagle, CL Martin, RV van Donkelaar, A Conrad, K Cunningham, D Gordon, C Zwicker, M Akoshile, C Artaxo, P Anh, NX Brook, J Dong, J Garland, RM Greenwald, R Griffith, D He, K Holben, BN Kahn, R Koren, I Lagrosas, N Lestari, P Ma, Z Martins, JV Quel, EJ Rudich, Y Salam, A Tripathi, SN Yu, C Zhang, Q Zhang, Y Brauer, M Cohen, A Gibson, MD Liu, Y AF Snider, G. Weagle, C. L. Martin, R. V. van Donkelaar, A. Conrad, K. Cunningham, D. Gordon, C. Zwicker, M. Akoshile, C. Artaxo, P. Anh, N. X. Brook, J. Dong, J. Garland, R. M. Greenwald, R. Griffith, D. He, K. Holben, B. N. Kahn, R. Koren, I. Lagrosas, N. Lestari, P. Ma, Z. Martins, J. Vanderlei Quel, E. J. Rudich, Y. Salam, A. Tripathi, S. N. Yu, C. Zhang, Q. Zhang, Y. Brauer, M. Cohen, A. Gibson, M. D. Liu, Y. TI SPARTAN: a global network to evaluate and enhance satellite-based estimates of ground-level particulate matter for global health applications SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; AIR-POLLUTION; NUCLEPORE FILTERS; PM2.5 MASS; LIGHT-SCATTERING; BLACK CARBON; AEROSOL; FINE; MORTALITY; SAMPLER AB Ground-based observations have insufficient spatial coverage to assess long-term human exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at the global scale. Satellite remote sensing offers a promising approach to provide information on both short-and long-term exposure to PM2.5 at local-to-global scales, but there are limitations and outstanding questions about the accuracy and precision with which ground-level aerosol mass concentrations can be inferred from satellite remote sensing alone. A key source of uncertainty is the global distribution of the relationship between annual average PM2.5 and discontinuous satellite observations of columnar aerosol optical depth (AOD). We have initiated a global network of ground-level monitoring stations designed to evaluate and enhance satellite remote sensing estimates for application in health-effects research and risk assessment. This Surface PARTiculate mAtter Network (SPARTAN) includes a global federation of ground-level monitors of hourly PM2.5 situated primarily in highly populated regions and collocated with existing ground-based sun photometers that measure AOD. The instruments, a three-wavelength nephelometer and impaction filter sampler for both PM2.5 and PM10, are highly autonomous. Hourly PM2.5 concentrations are inferred from the combination of weighed filters and nephelometer data. Data from existing networks were used to develop and evaluate network sampling characteristics. SPARTAN filters are analyzed for mass, black carbon, water-soluble ions, and metals. These measurements provide, in a variety of regions around the world, the key data required to evaluate and enhance satellite-based PM2.5 estimates used for assessing the health effects of aerosols. Mean PM2.5 concentrations across sites vary by more than 1 order of magnitude. Our initial measurements indicate that the ratio of AOD to ground-level PM2.5 is driven temporally and spatially by the vertical profile in aerosol scattering. Spatially this ratio is also strongly influenced by the mass scattering efficiency. C1 [Snider, G.; Martin, R. V.; van Donkelaar, A.; Conrad, K.; Cunningham, D.; Gordon, C.; Zwicker, M.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Weagle, C. L.; Martin, R. V.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Chem, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Martin, R. V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Akoshile, C.] Univ Ilorin, Dept Phys, Ilorin, Nigeria. [Artaxo, P.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-01498 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Anh, N. X.] Vietnam Acad Sci & Technol, Inst Geophys, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Brook, J.] Univ Toronto, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Dong, J.; He, K.; Zhang, Q.; Zhang, Y.] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Garland, R. M.] North West Univ, Unit Environm Sci & Management, Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Greenwald, R.; Ma, Z.; Yu, C.; Liu, Y.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Griffith, D.] CSIR, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. [Holben, B. N.; Kahn, R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Div Earth Sci, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Koren, I.; Rudich, Y.] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Lagrosas, N.] Ateneo de Manila Univ Campus, Manila Observ, Quezon City, Philippines. [Lestari, P.] ITB, Fac Civil & Environm Engn, Bandung 40132, Indonesia. [Martins, J. Vanderlei] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Martins, J. Vanderlei] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Joint Ctr Earth Syst Technol, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Quel, E. J.] UNIDEF CITEDEF CONICET Juan B de la Salle 4397, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Salam, A.] Univ Dhaka, Dept Chem, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Tripathi, S. N.] Indian Inst Technol, Ctr Environm Sci & Engn, Kanpur 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Brauer, M.] Univ British Columbia, Sch Populat & Publ Hlth, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Cohen, A.] Hlth Effects Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Gibson, M. D.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Proc Engn & Appl Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. RP Snider, G (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. EM graydon.snider@dal.ca RI Zhang, Qiang/D-9034-2012; Koren, Ilan/K-1417-2012; Martin, Randall/C-1205-2014; Rudich, Yinon/K-1498-2012; Tripathi, Sachchida/J-4840-2016; Artaxo, Paulo/E-8874-2010; OI Koren, Ilan/0000-0001-6759-6265; Martin, Randall/0000-0003-2632-8402; Artaxo, Paulo/0000-0001-7754-3036; Ma, Zongwei/0000-0003-0257-5695; Rudich, Yinon/0000-0003-3149-0201; LAGROSAS, NOFEL/0000-0002-8672-4717; Brauer, Michael/0000-0002-9103-9343 FU National Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada; National Academy of Sciences; USAID FX The National Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada supported this work. We are grateful to many others who have offered helpful comments and advice on the creation of this network including Jay Al-Saadi, Ross Anderson, Kalpana Balakrishnan, Len Barrie, Sundar Christopher, Matthew Cooper, Jim Crawford, Doug Dockery, Jill Engel-Cox, Greg Evans, Markus Fiebig, Allan Goldstein, Judy Guernsey, Ray Hoff, Rudy Husar, Mike Jerrett, Michaela Kendall, Rich Kleidman, Petros Koutrakis, Glynis Lough, Doreen Neil, John Ogren, Norm O'Neil, Jeff Pierce, Thomas Holzer-Popp, Ana Prados, Lorraine Remer, Sylvia Richardson, and Frank Speizer. We would like to thank Elliott Wright and Heather Daurie at the Dalhousie CWRS facility for their help with ICP-MS analysis. The site at IIT Kanpur is supported in part by the National Academy of Sciences and USAID; however, the views expressed here are of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the NAS or USAID. NR 55 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 35 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1867-1381 EI 1867-8548 J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH JI Atmos. Meas. Tech. PY 2015 VL 8 IS 1 BP 505 EP 521 DI 10.5194/amt-8-505-2015 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA CA5WD UT WOS:000348977600037 ER PT J AU Hernandez-Kantun, JJ Riosmena-Rodriguez, R Hall-Spencer, JM Pena, V Maggs, CA Rindi, F AF Hernandez-Kantun, Jazmin J. Riosmena-Rodriguez, Rafael Hall-Spencer, Jason M. Pena, Viviana Maggs, Christine A. Rindi, Fabio TI Phylogenetic analysis of rhodolith formation in the Corallinales (Rhodophyta) SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cryptic species; Lithophyllum; maerl; Phymatolithon; psbA; rhodolith; SSU rDNA; synapomorphy ID RNA GENE-SEQUENCES; SMALL-SUBUNIT; ALGAE RHODOPHYTA; MAERL; NUCLEAR; NOV; CORALLINOPHYCIDAE; PACIFIC; BEDS; MELOBESIOIDEAE AB Although the ecological importance of rhodolith (maerl, free-living coralline algae) beds is well-known, rhodolith-forming species have been neglected in molecular phylogenetic studies. This is the first molecular systematic study aimed at understanding whether the rhodolith habit is a fixed feature in lineages and determining the relationship (phylogenetic vs. environmental) between rhodolith and crustose habits. Phylogenetic relationships of rhodolith-forming species and encrusting coralline algae at generic and species levels were analysed using SSU rDNA and psbA sequences. Extensive sampling in the European North Atlantic, Pacific and Caribbean Mexico of Phymatolithon, Lithothamnion, Lithophyllum and Neogoniolithon taxa forming rhodoliths and crusts was accompanied by examination of type or topotype material. Phylogenetic reconstruction showed that Neogoniolithon contained a monophyletic group of rhodolith-forming species whereas other rhodolith-formers were closely related to encrusting forms in the genera Phymatolithon, Lithothamnion, Mesophyllum, Hydrolithon, Spongites and Sporolithon. DNA analysis showed that the crust-forming Lithophyllum cf. incrustans/dentatum also forms rhodoliths with a stone nucleus that occur on rocky shores. In contrast, species that form beds of non-nucleate rhodoliths (e.g. Neogoniolithon spectabile, N. strictum, Lithophyllum cf. incrustans/dentatum or sp. 1 and Phymatolithon calcareum) rarely form crusts. The rhodolith habit cannot be used to delimit species for taxonomic or identification purposes. Extensive taxonomic revision will be required to deal with problems such as the position of specimens identified as Lithophyllum margaritae in two unrelated lineages. C1 [Hernandez-Kantun, Jazmin J.; Rindi, Fabio] Natl Univ Ireland, Martin Ryan Inst, Galway, Ireland. [Riosmena-Rodriguez, Rafael] Univ Baja California Sur UABCS, Dept Biol Marina, La Paz 23080, Bcs, Mexico. [Hall-Spencer, Jason M.] Univ Plymouth, Sch Marine Sci & Engn, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England. [Pena, Viviana] Univ A Coruna, BIOCOST Res Grp, La Coruna 15071, Spain. [Pena, Viviana] UPMC, Equipe Explorat Especes & Evolut, Inst Systemat, Museum Natl Hist Nat,EPHE,ISYEB,CNRS,UMR 7205, F-75231 Paris, France. [Pena, Viviana] Univ Ghent, Phycol Res Grp, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Maggs, Christine A.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Biol Sci, Belfast BT9 7BL, Antrim, North Ireland. [Rindi, Fabio] Univ Politecn Marche, Dipartimento Sci Vita & Ambiente, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. RP Hernandez-Kantun, JJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM jaz1083@gmail.com RI Pena, Viviana/A-6095-2014; OI Pena, Viviana/0000-0001-7003-3850; Maggs, Christine/0000-0003-0495-7064 FU National Council for Science and Technology, Mexico [CONACyT-211950]; SEP (Secretariat for Public Education, Mexico); Marine Institute (Ireland) as part of the National Marine Biodiscovery Programme (Beaufort Award for Marine Biodiscovery to the National University of Ireland, Galway); European Community [NMP3-CT-2003-505758]; National University of Ireland, Galway through the Thomas Crawford Award; CONACyT; CONABIO; FMCN; Universita Politecnica delle Marche; Xunta de Galicia (Axudas de apoio a etapa inicial de formacion posdoutoral do Plan I2C); Spain's Ministerio de Educacion (Programa Nacional de Movilidad de Recursos Humanos) FX JHK was supported by a PhD scholarship from CONACyT-211950 (National Council for Science and Technology, Mexico) and SEP (Secretariat for Public Education, Mexico). Financial support was received from the Marine Institute (Ireland) as part of the National Marine Biodiscovery Programme (Beaufort Award for Marine Biodiscovery to the National University of Ireland, Galway), from the European Community through the FP6-funded project HIPPOCRATES (NMP3-CT-2003-505758), and from the National University of Ireland, Galway through the Thomas Crawford Award. Collection trips in the Gulf of California were funded by CONACyT, CONABIO and FMCN. FR is grateful to the Universita Politecnica delle Marche for financial support (Contributo Ricerca Scientifica Fondi Ateneo 2011). VP is supported by Xunta de Galicia (Axudas de apoio a etapa inicial de formacion posdoutoral do Plan I2C, 2012) and Spain's Ministerio de Educacion (Programa Nacional de Movilidad de Recursos Humanos, 2008-2011). Jacques Grall, Charmaine Blake, Meadhbh Moriarty, Ricardo Bermejo Lacida, Julia Nunn, Ignacio Barbara, Jose Castillo, Alejandra Sanchez, Michael Guiry and Niamh Nolan are gratefully acknowledged for collection of samples and/or assistance in the field. We thank Jo Wilbraham at BM for assistance with obtaining specimens on loan and Pierce Lalor for his help with the SEM images. Michael Guiry, Wendy Nelson and Aki Kato provided useful information and stimulating discussions. Special thanks to the anonymous reviewers and editor Professor Juliet Brodie for their comments and suggestions. JHK extends special gratitude to the Irish Seaweed Research Group and the Smithsonian Institution. NR 64 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0967-0262 EI 1469-4433 J9 EUR J PHYCOL JI Eur. J. Phycol. PY 2015 VL 50 IS 1 BP 46 EP 61 DI 10.1080/09670262.2014.984347 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CB1KH UT WOS:000349385600004 ER PT J AU Robbins, RK Busby, RC AF Robbins, Robert K. Busby, Robert C. TI Evolutionary gain of male secondary sexual structures in the widespread Neotropical montane genus Lathecla (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Eumaeini) SO INSECT SYSTEMATICS & EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Andes; species diversification; biogeography ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; THECLINAE EUMAEINI; SPECIATION; SELECTION; DROSOPHILA; BUTTERFLIES; PHEROMONES; CHARACTERS; TAXONOMY; TRAITS AB Lathecla is a widespread, primarily montane, Neotropical genus. It consists of seven species that have a relatively uniform adult wing pattern coupled with a diverse set of male secondary sexual structures. Taxonomically, we describe five species - Lathecla mitzi Robbins new species, Lathecla fernandezi Robbins & Busby new species, Lathecla vichai Robbins & Busby new species, Lathecla carolyna Busby new species and Lathecla winnie Robbins & Busby new species and remove one name from synonymy - Thecla mimula Draudt, revised status. Evidence is presented for transferring Lathecla from the Thestius Section of the Eumaeini to the Micandra section, next to Podanotum. Topology of an inferred phylogenetic tree for Lathecla is stable when male secondary sexual characters are omitted or under a variety of implied weighting options. A scent patch on the cubital vein of the dorsal surface of the forewing is unique to Lathecla and evolved (and was not lost) in the ancestor of a four-species lineage. Its sister lineage contains two species. A scent patch on the ventral surface of the forewing evolved (and was not lost) in the ancestor of a six-species lineage in Latheckz. Its sister lineage contains one species. These results, along with previous data, show the viability for the Eumaeini of the hypothesis that the evolutionary gain of a male secondary sexual organ increases the rate of species diversification. C1 [Robbins, Robert K.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Robbins, RK (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, POB 37012,NHB Stop 105, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM RobbinsR@si.edu NR 60 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 12 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1399-560X EI 1876-312X J9 INSECT SYST EVOL JI Insect Syst. Evol. PY 2015 VL 46 IS 1 BP 47 EP 78 DI 10.1163/1876312X-45032113 PG 32 WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology GA CB4IJ UT WOS:000349591100003 ER PT J AU Deans, AR Lewis, SE Huala, E Anzaldo, SS Ashburner, M Balhoff, JP Blackburn, DC Blake, JA Burleigh, JG Chanet, B Cooper, LD Courtot, M Csosz, S Cui, H Dahdul, W Das, S Dececchi, TA Dettai, A Diogo, R Druzinsky, RE Dumontier, M Franz, NM Friedrich, F Gkoutos, GV Haendel, M Harmon, LJ Hayamizu, TF He, YQ Hines, HM Ibrahim, N Jackson, LM Jaiswal, P James-Zorn, C Kohler, S Lecointre, G Lapp, H Lawrence, CJ Le Novere, N Lundberg, JG Macklin, J Mast, AR Midford, PE Miko, I Mungall, CJ Oellrich, A Osumi-Sutherland, D Parkinson, H Ramirez, MJ Richter, S Robinson, PN Ruttenberg, A Schulz, KS Segerdell, E Seltmann, KC Sharkey, MJ Smith, AD Smith, B Specht, CD Squires, RB Thacker, RW Thessen, A Fernandez-Triana, J Vihinen, M Vize, PD Vogt, L Wall, CE Walls, RL Westerfeld, M Wharton, RA Wirkner, CS Woolley, JB Yoder, MJ Zorn, AM Mabee, PM AF Deans, Andrew R. Lewis, Suzanna E. Huala, Eva Anzaldo, Salvatore S. Ashburner, Michael Balhoff, James P. Blackburn, David C. Blake, Judith A. Burleigh, J. Gordon Chanet, Bruno Cooper, Laurel D. Courtot, Melanie Csoesz, Sandor Cui, Hong Dahdul, Wasila Das, Sandip Dececchi, T. Alexander Dettai, Agnes Diogo, Rui Druzinsky, Robert E. Dumontier, Michel Franz, Nico M. Friedrich, Frank Gkouto, George V. Haendel, Melissa Harmon, Luke J. Hayamizu, Terry F. He, Yongqun Hines, Heather M. Ibrahim, Nizar Jackson, Laura M. Jaiswal, Pankaj James-Zorn, Christina Koehler, Sebastian Lecointre, Guillaume Lapp, Hilmar Lawrence, Carolyn J. Le Novere, Nicolas Lundberg, John G. Macklin, James Mast, Austin R. Midford, Peter E. Miko, Istvan Mungall, Christopher J. Oellrich, Anika Osumi-Sutherland, David Parkinson, Helen Ramirez, Martin J. Richter, Stefan Robinson, Peter N. Ruttenberg, Alan Schulz, Katja S. Segerdell, Erik Seltmann, Katja C. Sharkey, Michael J. Smith, Aaron D. Smith, Barry Specht, Chelsea D. Squires, R. Burke Thacker, Robert W. Thessen, Anne Fernandez-Triana, Jose Vihinen, Mauno Vize, Peter D. Vogt, Lars Wall, Christine E. Walls, Ramona L. Westerfeld, Monte Wharton, Robert A. Wirkner, Christian S. Woolley, James B. Yoder, Matthew J. Zorn, Aaron M. Mabee, Paula M. TI Finding Our Way through Phenotypes SO PLOS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEMANTIC-WEB; ONTOLOGY; DISEASE; ANATOMY; SEMAPHORINS; BIOLOGY; EVOLUTIONARY; TECHNOLOGIES; ASSOCIATION; CHALLENGE AB Despite a large and multifaceted effort to understand the vast landscape of phenotypic data, their current form inhibits productive data analysis. The lack of a community-wide, consensus-based, human-and machine-interpretable language for describing phenotypes and their genomic and environmental contexts is perhaps the most pressing scientific bottleneck to integration across many key fields in biology, including genomics, systems biology, development, medicine, evolution, ecology, and systematics. Here we survey the current phenomics landscape, including data resources and handling, and the progress that has been made to accurately capture relevant data descriptions for phenotypes. We present an example of the kind of integration across domains that computable phenotypes would enable, and we call upon the broader biology community, publishers, and relevant funding agencies to support efforts to surmount today's data barriers and facilitate analytical reproducibility. C1 [Deans, Andrew R.; Hines, Heather M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lewis, Suzanna E.; Mungall, Christopher J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Genome Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Huala, Eva] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Plant Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Huala, Eva] Phoenix Bioinformat, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Anzaldo, Salvatore S.; Franz, Nico M.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ USA. [Ashburner, Michael] Univ Cambridge, Dept Genet, Cambridge CB2 3EH, England. [Balhoff, James P.; Lapp, Hilmar] Natl Evolutionary Synth Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Blackburn, David C.] Calif Acad Sci, Dept Vertebrate Zool & Anthropol, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Blake, Judith A.; Hayamizu, Terry F.] Jackson Lab, Bar Harbor, ME 04609 USA. [Burleigh, J. Gordon] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Chanet, Bruno; Dettai, Agnes; Lecointre, Guillaume] Museum Natl Hist Nat, Dept Systemat & Evolut, F-75231 Paris, France. [Cooper, Laurel D.; Jaiswal, Pankaj] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Courtot, Melanie] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Csoesz, Sandor] Ecol Res Grp, MTA ELTE MTM, Budapest, Hungary. [Cui, Hong] Univ Arizona, Sch Informat Resources & Lib Sci, Tucson, AZ USA. [Dahdul, Wasila; Dececchi, T. Alexander; Jackson, Laura M.; Mabee, Paula M.] Univ S Dakota, Dept Biol, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA. [Das, Sandip] Univ Delhi, Dept Bot, Delhi 110007, India. [Diogo, Rui] Howard Univ, Coll Med, Dept Anat, Washington, DC USA. [Druzinsky, Robert E.] Univ Illinois, Coll Dent, Dept Oral Biol, Chicago, IL USA. [Dumontier, Michel] Stanford Ctr Biomed Informat Res, Stanford, CA USA. [Friedrich, Frank] Univ Hamburg, Bioctr Grindel & Zool Museum, Hamburg, Germany. [Gkouto, George V.] Aberystwyth Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion, Wales. [Haendel, Melissa] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Med Informat & Epidemiol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Harmon, Luke J.] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [He, Yongqun] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Unit Lab Anim Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol,Ctr Computat Med & Bioin, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [He, Yongqun] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Ibrahim, Nizar] Univ Chicago, Dept Organismal Biol & Anat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [James-Zorn, Christina; Zorn, Aaron M.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Div Dev Biol, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Koehler, Sebastian] Charite, Inst Med Genet & Human Genet, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. [Lawrence, Carolyn J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA USA. [Lawrence, Carolyn J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA USA. [Le Novere, Nicolas] Babraham Inst, Babraham, Cambs, England. [Lundberg, John G.] Acad Nat Sci, Dept Ichthyol, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Macklin, James] Eastern Cereal & Oilseed Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Mast, Austin R.] Florida State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Oellrich, Anika; Osumi-Sutherland, David; Parkinson, Helen] European Mol Biol Lab, European Bioinformat Inst, Hinxton, Cambs, England. [Ramirez, Martin J.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Museo Argentino Ciencias Nat, Div Arachnol, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Richter, Stefan; Wirkner, Christian S.] Univ Rostock, Inst Biowissensch, D-18055 Rostock, Germany. [Robinson, Peter N.] Charite, Inst Med Genet & Humangenet, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. [Ruttenberg, Alan] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Dent Med, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Schulz, Katja S.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Segerdell, Erik] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Knight Canc Inst, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Seltmann, Katja C.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Invertebrate Zool, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Sharkey, Michael J.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Smith, Aaron D.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Smith, Barry] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Philosophy, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Specht, Chelsea D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Specht, Chelsea D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Univ & Jepson Herbaria, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Squires, R. Burke] NIAID, Bioinformat & Computat Biosci Branch, Off Cyber Infrastruct & Computat Biol, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Thacker, Robert W.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Thessen, Anne] Data Detektiv, Waltham, MA USA. [Fernandez-Triana, Jose] Canadian Natl Collect Insects, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Vihinen, Mauno] Lund Univ, Dept Expt Med Sci, Lund, Sweden. [Vize, Peter D.] Univ Calgary, Dept Biol Sci, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Vogt, Lars] Univ Bonn, Inst Evolut Biol & Okol, Bonn, Germany. [Wall, Christine E.] Duke Univ, Dept Evolutionary Anthropol, Durham, NC USA. [Walls, Ramona L.] iPlant Collaborat Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Westerfeld, Monte] Univ Oregon, Inst Neurosci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Wharton, Robert A.; Woolley, James B.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Yoder, Matthew J.] Univ Illinois, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Deans, AR (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM adeans@psu.edu RI Richter, Stefan/E-6256-2012; Friedrich, Frank/A-8309-2015; Jaiswal, Pankaj/H-7599-2016; OI Squires, R Burke/0000-0001-9666-6285; Le Novere, Nicolas/0000-0002-6309-7327; Osumi-Sutherland, David/0000-0002-7073-9172; Lewis, Suzanna/0000-0002-8343-612X; Dahdul, Wasila/0000-0003-3162-7490; Balhoff, James/0000-0002-8688-6599; Jaiswal, Pankaj/0000-0002-1005-8383; Deans, Andrew/0000-0002-2119-4663; He, Yongqun/0000-0001-9189-9661; Thessen, Anne/0000-0002-2908-3327; Blackburn, David/0000-0002-1810-9886; Vihinen, Mauno/0000-0002-9614-7976; Parkinson, Helen/0000-0003-3035-4195; Kohler, Sebastian/0000-0002-5316-1399; Diogo, Rui/0000-0002-9008-1910; Segerdell, Erik/0000-0002-9611-1279; Schulz, Katja/0000-0001-7134-3324; Courtot, Melanie/0000-0002-9551-6370 FU US National Science Foundation [DEB-0956049] FX This effort was funded by the US National Science Foundation, grant number DEB-0956049. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 89 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 16 U2 71 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1545-7885 J9 PLOS BIOL JI PLoS. Biol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 13 IS 1 AR e1002033 DI 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002033 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA CA8KV UT WOS:000349169900001 PM 25562316 ER PT J AU Miller, MJ Loaiza, JR AF Miller, Matthew J. Loaiza, Jose R. TI Geographic Expansion of the Invasive Mosquito Aedes albopictus across Panama-Implications for Control of Dengue and Chikungunya Viruses SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; AEGYPTI; CULICIDAE; SPREAD; AMERICA; DIPTERA; IMPACT; TIGER C1 [Miller, Matthew J.; Loaiza, Jose R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Miller, Matthew J.; Loaiza, Jose R.] Inst Invest Cient Serv Alta Tecnol, Panama City, Panama. [Loaiza, Jose R.] Univ Panama, Programa Ctr Amer Maestria Entomol Vicerrectoria, Panama City, Panama. RP Miller, MJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. EM jloaiza@indicasat.org.pa OI Miller, Matthew/0000-0002-2939-0239 NR 20 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 9 IS 1 AR e0003383 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003383 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA CB0LR UT WOS:000349318100014 PM 25569303 ER PT J AU Garcia-Robledo, C Staines, CL Kress, WJ AF Garcia-Robledo, Carlos Staines, Charles L. Kress, W. John TI A new species of bromeliad-feeding Cephaloleia Chevrolat (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Cassidinae) from Costa Rica: evidence from DNA barcodes, larval and adult morphology and insect diets SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Braulio Carrillo National Park; Bromeliaceae; Cephaloleia kuprewiczae; COI DNA barcode; Pitcairnia arcuata; Pitcairnia brittoniana AB The Neotropical genus Cephaloleia Chevrolat (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae) includes 214 species distributed from the south of Mexico to Argentina. Cephaloleia beetles feed mostly on plants from the order Zingiberales. The interactions between Cephaloleia beetles and their Zingiberales host plants is proposed as one of the oldest and most conservative associations. Here we describe a new species of Cephaloleia (C. kuprewiczae sp. n.) that feeds on two species of bromeliads (Pitcairnia arcuata and P. brittoniana, Bromeliaceae: Pitcairnioideae). Cephaloleia kuprewiczae was previously described as Cephaloleia histrionica. This study includes evidence from DNA barcodes (COI), larval and adult morphology and insect diets that separates C. kuprewiczae from C. histrionica as a new species. C1 [Garcia-Robledo, Carlos; Staines, Charles L.; Kress, W. John] Inst Ecol INECOL, Dept Multitroph Interact, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. RP Garcia-Robledo, C (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM garciac@si.edu FU Smithsonian Postdoctoral Fellowship; National Geographic-Waitt Institute grant [W149-11]; Heliconia Society International grant; Rubenstein Fellowship-Encyclopedia of Life FX The authors thank the staff of Las Cruces Biological Station (Organization for Tropical Studies) and the Selva Tica -Rara Avis Hotels. We want to thank J. Hurtado (TEAM project Barva Transect, Conservation International) for logistic support. S. Nagi and M. Kuzmina (Smithsonian Institution) for their assistance during laboratory work. S. Whittaker (Smithsonian Institution) provided advice in obtaining SEM images. Comments by one anonymous reviewer improved this manuscript substantially. This research was funded by a Smithsonian Postdoctoral Fellowship, a National Geographic-Waitt Institute grant (W149-11), a Heliconia Society International grant, and a Rubenstein Fellowship-Encyclopedia of Life to C. Garcia-Robledo. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA GEO MILEV STR 13A, SOFIA, 1111, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 477 BP 143 EP 155 DI 10.3897/zookeys.477.8220 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CB1DV UT WOS:000349367900004 PM 25685006 ER PT J AU Alvarez-Cansino, L Schnitzer, SA Reid, JP Powers, JS AF Alvarez-Cansino, Leonor Schnitzer, Stefan A. Reid, Joseph P. Powers, Jennifer S. TI Liana competition with tropical trees varies seasonally but not with tree species identity SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Barro Colorado National Monument, Panama; competition; competitive effects; liana removal; sap velocity; tree growth; tropical forest ID BELOW-GROUND COMPETITION; BARRO-COLORADO ISLAND; AMAZONIAN BOLIVIA; CANOPY TREES; FOREST; GROWTH; WATER; REGENERATION; ABUNDANCE; PATTERNS AB Lianas in tropical forests compete intensely with trees for above- and belowground resources and limit tree growth and regeneration. Liana competition with adult canopy trees may be particularly strong, and, if lianas compete more intensely with some tree species than others, they may influence tree species composition. We performed the first systematic, large-scale liana removal experiment to assess the competitive effects of lianas on multiple tropical tree species by measuring sap velocity and growth in a lowland tropical forest in Panama. Tree sap velocity increased 60% soon after liana removal compared to control trees, and tree diameter growth increased 25% after one year. Although tree species varied in their response to lianas, this variation was not significant, suggesting that lianas competed similarly with all tree species examined. The effect of lianas on tree sap velocity was particularly strong during the dry season, when soil moisture was low, suggesting that lianas compete intensely with trees for water. Under the predicted global change scenario of increased temperature and drought intensity, competition from lianas may become more prevalent in seasonal tropical forests, which, according to our data, should have a negative effect on most tropical tree species. C1 [Alvarez-Cansino, Leonor; Schnitzer, Stefan A.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Freshwater Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Alvarez-Cansino, Leonor; Schnitzer, Stefan A.; Powers, Jennifer S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Reid, Joseph P.; Powers, Jennifer S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Reid, Joseph P.; Powers, Jennifer S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Alvarez-Cansino, L (reprint author), Univ Bayreuth, Dept Plant Ecol, Univ Str 30, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany. EM lalvarezcansino@gmail.com RI Reid, Joseph/I-3292-2012 OI Schnitzer, Stefan/0000-0002-2715-9455; Reid, Joseph/0000-0001-6905-5235 FU NSF-DEB [0845071, 1019436]; NSF [DEB-1019441]; University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee FX Financial support was provided by NSF-DEB 0845071 and NSF-DEB 1019436 to S. A. Schnitzer, NSF DEB-1019441 to J. S. Powers, and a Research Growth Initiative award from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee to S. A. Schnitzer. Logistical support was provided by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 31 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JAN PY 2015 VL 96 IS 1 BP 39 EP 45 DI 10.1890/14-1002.1 PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CA8VL UT WOS:000349198900006 ER PT J AU Freestone, AL Inouye, BD AF Freestone, Amy L. Inouye, Brian D. TI Nonrandom community assembly and high temporal turnover promote regional coexistence in tropics but not temperate zone SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE beta diversity; community assembly; invertebrate; latitude; marine; null model; temperate; temporal turnover; tropics ID LATITUDINAL DIVERSITY GRADIENT; MARINE BENTHIC COMMUNITIES; SPECIES-AREA RELATIONSHIPS; BETA-DIVERSITY; VASCULAR PLANTS; NORTH-AMERICA; TAXONOMIC DIVERSITY; PATTERNS; TIME; SCALE AB A persistent challenge for ecologists is understanding the ecological mechanisms that maintain global patterns of biodiversity, particularly the latitudinal diversity gradient of peak species richness in the tropics. Spatial and temporal variation in community composition contribute to these patterns of biodiversity, but how this variation and its underlying processes change across latitude remains unresolved. Using a model system of sessile marine invertebrates across 25 of latitude, from the temperate zone to the tropics, we tested the prediction that spatial and temporal patterns of taxonomic richness and composition, and the community assembly processes underlying these patterns, will differ across latitude. Specifically, we predicted that high beta diversity (spatial variation in composition) and high temporal turnover contribute to the high species richness of the tropics. Using a standardized experimental approach that controls for several confounding factors that hinder interpretation of prior studies, we present results that support our predictions. In the temperate zone, communities were more similar across spatial scales from centimeters to tens of kilometers and temporal scales up to one year than at lower latitudes. Since the patterns at northern latitudes were congruent with a null model, stochastic assembly processes are implicated. In contrast, the communities in the tropics were a dynamic spatial and temporal mosaic, with low similarity even across small spatial scales and high temporal turnover at both local and regional scales. Unlike the temperate zone, deterministic community assembly processes such as predation likely contributed to the high beta diversity in the tropics. Our results suggest that community assembly processes and temporal dynamics vary across latitude and help structure and maintain latitudinal patterns of diversity. C1 [Freestone, Amy L.] Temple Univ, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [Freestone, Amy L.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Inouye, Brian D.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Freestone, AL (reprint author), Temple Univ, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. EM amy.freestone@temple.edu FU Smithsonian Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystems Program [963] FX We thank colleagues at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, University of Connecticut Avery Point,.VIMS Eastern Shore Lab, Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce, and the Smithsonian Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystems Program for their assistance. In particular, we thank R. Osman, R. Whit latch, S. Fate, and S. Reed. This is Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce, Florida, Contribution No. 955 and Smithsonian Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystems Program Contribution No. 963. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 60 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JAN PY 2015 VL 96 IS 1 BP 264 EP 273 DI 10.1890/14-0145.1 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CA8VL UT WOS:000349198900029 PM 26236911 ER PT J AU McMahon, SM Parker, GG AF McMahon, Sean M. Parker, Geoffrey G. TI A general model of intra-annual tree growth using dendrometer bands SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Dendrometer bands; forest ecology; intra-annual growth; logistic function; maximum likelihood; optimization ID FOREST; CARBON AB Tree growth is an important indicator of forest health, productivity, and demography. Knowing precisely how trees' grow within a year, instead of across years, can lead to a finer understanding of the mechanisms that drive these larger patterns. The growing use of dendrometer bands in research forests has only rarely been used to measure growth at resolutions finer than yearly, but intra-annual growth patterns can be observed from dendrometer bands using precision digital calipers and weekly measurements. Here we present a workflow to help forest ecologists fit growth models to intra-annual measurements using standard optimization functions provided by the R platform. We explain our protocol, test uncertainty in parameter estimates with respect to sample sizes, extend the optimization protocol to estimate robust lower and upper annual diameter bounds, and discuss potential challenges to optimal fits. We offer R code to implement this workflow. We found that starting values and initial optimization routines are critical to fitting the best functional forms. After using a bounded, broad search method, a more focused search algorithm obtained consistent results. To estimate starting and ending annual diameters, we combined the growth function with early and late estimates of beginning and ending growth. Once we fit the functions, we present extension algorithms that estimate periodic reductions in growth, total growth, and present a method of controlling for the shifting allocation to girth during the growth season. We demonstrate that with these extensions, an analysis of growth response to weather (e.g., the water available to a tree) can be derived in a way that is comparable across trees, years, and sites. Thus, this approach, when applied across broader data sets, offers a pathway to build inference about the effects of seasonal weather on growth, size- and light-dependent patterns of growth, species-specific patterns, and phenology. C1 [McMahon, Sean M.; Parker, Geoffrey G.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP McMahon, SM (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM mcmahons@si.edu OI Parker, Geoffrey/0000-0001-7055-6491 FU Smithsonian Institutions ForestGEO program; HSBC Climate Partnership; National Science Foundation [ER-1137366] FX Smithsonian Institutions ForestGEO program and HSBC Climate Partnership partially funded this research. SMM was also funded in part by National Science Foundation grant ER-1137366. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 5 IS 2 BP 243 EP 254 DI 10.1002/ece3.1117 PG 12 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA CA4DB UT WOS:000348853300001 PM 25691954 ER PT J AU Jagadeeshan, S Coppard, SE Lessios, HA AF Jagadeeshan, Santosh Coppard, Simon E. Lessios, Harilaos A. TI Evolution of gamete attraction molecules: evidence for purifying selection in speract and its receptor, in the pantropical sea urchin Diadema SO EVOLUTION & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID EGG PEPTIDE SPERACT; AMINO-ACID SITES; CODON-SUBSTITUTION MODELS; POSITIVE SELECTION; ACTIVATING PEPTIDE; HEMICENTROTUS-PULCHERRIMUS; MESSENGER-RNA; STRONGYLOCENTROTUS-PURPURATUS; NONSYNONYMOUS SUBSTITUTION; MARINE-INVERTEBRATES AB Many free-spawning marine invertebrates, such as sea urchins, lack any courtship or assortative mating behavior. Mate recognition in such cases occur at the gametic level, and molecules present on the sperm and egg are major determinants of species-specific fertilization. These molecules must also coevolve in relation to each other in order to preserve functional integrity. When sea urchins release their gametes in seawater, diffusible molecules from the egg, termed sperm-activating peptides, activate and attract the sperm to swim toward the egg, initiating a series of interactions between the gametes. Although the compositions and diversity of such sperm-activating peptides have been characterized in a variety of sea urchins, little is known about the evolution of their genes. Here we characterize the genes encoding the sperm-activating peptide of the egg (speract) and its receptor on the sperm, and examine their evolutionary dynamics in the sea urchin genus Diadema, in the interest of determining whether they are involved in reproductive isolation between the species. We found evidence of purifying selection on several codon sites in both molecules and of selectively neutral evolution in others. The diffusible speract peptide that activates sperm is invariant across species, indicating that Diadema egg peptides do not discriminate between con- and hetero-specific sperm at this stage of the process. Speract and its receptor do not contribute to reproductive isolation in Diadema. C1 [Jagadeeshan, Santosh; Coppard, Simon E.; Lessios, Harilaos A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Jagadeeshan, S (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Biol, Hamilton, ON, Canada. EM sanjagster@gmail.com FU Smithsonian Molecular Evolution Fellowship; Smithsonian Next Generation Small Grant; STRI FX We thank Mathew Ross for collecting D. paucispinum from Hawaii. We are grateful to McGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre for NGS. Axel Calderon helped with collections of Diadema in Panama. We also thank Danny Absalon Gonzalez, Yherson Francisco Molina, Ligia Calderon, Axel Calderon and Laura Geyer for their assistance in the laboratory. Autoridad de Recursos Acuaticos de Panama (ARAP) kindly permitted collections in Panama. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for valuable comments and suggestions that improved this manuscript. This study was funded by a Smithsonian Molecular Evolution Fellowship to S. J, a Smithsonian Next Generation Small Grant to H. A. L, S. J and S. E. C, and by General Research funds from STRI. NR 112 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1520-541X EI 1525-142X J9 EVOL DEV JI Evol. Dev. PD JAN-FEB PY 2015 VL 17 IS 1 BP 92 EP 108 DI 10.1111/ede.12108 PG 17 WC Evolutionary Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CA6RD UT WOS:000349042300008 PM 25627716 ER PT J AU Bryson, KL Salama, F Elsaesser, A Peeters, Z Ricco, AJ Foing, BH Goreva, Y AF Bryson, K. L. Salama, F. Elsaesser, A. Peeters, Z. Ricco, A. J. Foing, B. H. Goreva, Y. TI First results of the ORGANIC experiment on EXPOSE-R on the ISS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ASTROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE astrobiology; EXPOSE-R; fullerenes; International Space Station; ORGANIC experiment; PAHs; photolysis; solar exposure ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; DIFFUSE INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; CHARGE STATES; PAHS; CARBON; HYDROGENATION; SPECTROSCOPY; CARRIERS; BANDS; C-70 AB The ORGANIC experiment on EXPOSE-R spent 682 days outside the International Space Station, providing continuous exposure to the cosmic-, solar-and trapped-particle radiation background for fourteen samples: 11 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and three fullerenes. The thin films of the ORGANIC experiment received, during space exposure, an irradiation dose of the order of 14 000 MJ m(-2) over 2900 h of unshadowed solar illumination. Extensive analyses were performed on the returned samples and the results compared to ground control measurements. Analytical studies of the returned samples included spectral measurements from the vacuum ultraviolet to the infrared range and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. Limited spectral changes were observed in most cases pointing to the stability of PAHs and fullerenes under space exposure conditions. Furthermore, the results of these experiments confirm the known trend in the stability of PAH species according to molecular structure: compact PAHs are more stable than non-compact PAHs, which are themselves more stable than PAHs containing heteroatoms, the last category being the most prone to degradation in the space environment. We estimate a depletion rate of the order of 85 +/- 5% over the 17 equivalent weeks of continuous unshadowed solar exposure in the most extreme case tetracene (smallest, non-compact PAH sample). The insignificant spectral changes (below 10%) measured for solid films of large or compact PAHs and fullerenes indicate a high stability under the range of space exposure conditions investigated on EXPOSE-R. C1 [Bryson, K. L.; Salama, F.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Bryson, K. L.] Bay Area Environm Res Inst, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA. [Elsaesser, A.] Leiden Inst Chem, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Peeters, Z.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Ricco, A. J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Small Spacecraft Payloads & Technol, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Foing, B. H.] Estec, European Space Agcy, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Goreva, Y.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Bryson, KL (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM kathryn.bryson@nasa.gov RI Elsaesser, Andreas/K-2264-2014; OI Ricco, Antonio/0000-0002-2355-4984; Salama, Farid/0000-0002-6064-4401 FU ESA Human Spaceflight and Microgravity Programme; NASA's Science Mission Directorate through the Astronomy and Physics Research and Analysis (APRA) programme; NASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI) programme; NASA Astrobiology Institute; Netherlands Space Office NSO; Sloan Foundation; Deep Carbon Observatory FX The authors acknowledge the support of ESA Human Spaceflight and Microgravity Programme and NASA's Science Mission Directorate through the Astronomy and Physics Research and Analysis (APRA) and NASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI) programmes. We acknowledge the NASA Astrobiology Institute and the Netherlands Space Office NSO as funding sources. The authors thank E.P. Monaghan and D. Wills for their support in the flight preparations and E. Jessberger, A. Bischoff, M. Breitfellner and F. Robert. The authors acknowledge the outstanding technical support provided by R. Walker in the Astrophysics and Astrochemistry Laboratory at NASA Ames Research Center. The authors acknowledge Sloan Foundation and Deep Carbon Observatory for funding TOF-SIMS analyses. We gratefully acknowledge the beam time allocated at the synchrotron facility ASTRID and thank Soren V. Hoffmann and Nykola C. Jones for their valuable support. We thank Pascale Ehrenfreund (PI of ORGANIC experiment on EXPOSE-R on ISS). NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 14 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1473-5504 EI 1475-3006 J9 INT J ASTROBIOL JI Int. J. Astrobiol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 14 IS 1 SI SI BP 55 EP 66 DI 10.1017/S1473550414000597 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Geology GA CA0ZH UT WOS:000348641500007 ER PT J AU Baeza, JA Hernaez, P AF Antonio Baeza, Juan Hernaez, Patricio TI POPULATION DISTRIBUTION, SEXUAL DIMORPHISM, AND REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS IN THE CRAB PINNIXA VALDIVIENSIS RATHBUN, 1907 (DECAPODA: PINNOTHERIDAE), A SYMBIONT OF THE GHOST SHRIMP CALLICHIRUS GARTHI (RETAMAL, 1975) IN THE SOUTHEASTERN PACIFIC SO JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chile; Crustacea; monogamy; pea crab; symbiosis ID HOST-USE PATTERN; MATING SYSTEM; PEA CRAB; BRACHYURA PINNOTHERIDAE; BIOLOGY; CRUSTACEA; MACULATUS; DYNAMICS; OUTPUT; COAST AB Pinnixa valdiviensis Rathbun, 1907 inhabits burrows of the ghost shrimp Callichirus garthi (Retamal, 1975) in the south-eastern Pacific. We described the host-use pattern and sexual dimorphism of P. valdiviensis to test for monogamy considering that the few other studied species of Pinnixa White inhabit their respective hosts as male-female pairs. Against expectations, P. valdiviensis lived either solitarily, or in small groups of up to four individuals; only a few burrows were inhabited by two crabs (either male-female or female-female pairs). The observations above argue against the notion that P. valdiviensis is monogamous. Furthermore, that a high frequency of solitary females were found brooding embryos and that the population sex ratio was skewed toward females suggests that males might roam among hosts in search of receptive females. We argue in favour of additional long-term (seasonal, >1 year) descriptive and experimental studies to reveal the mating tactics used by both males and females of P valdiviensis. We also examined individual-level reproductive parameters in the studied species as little is known about reproduction in symbiotic crabs. Fecundity varied between 383 and 1052 eggs crab(-1) with a mean +/- SD of 774 +/- 160 eggs crab(-1) and increased significantly with female body size. Embryo volume varied between 0.0169 and 0.0443 with a mean SD of 0.0222 +/- 0.0063 mm(3) and did not vary with female body size. Reproductive output (RU) represented a mean +/- SD of 5.74% +/- 0.86% of crab body dry weight and increased proportionally with crab body weight. The RU in P. valdiviensis is lower than that reported for other free-living and symbiotic crabs. C1 [Antonio Baeza, Juan] Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Antonio Baeza, Juan] Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Antonio Baeza, Juan] Univ Catolica Norte, Fac Ciencias Mar, Dept Biol Marina, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile. [Hernaez, Patricio] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Biol, Fac Filosofia Ciencias & Letras Ribeirao Preto, BR-14040901 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Hernaez, Patricio] Univ Arturo Prat, Iquique 121, Chile. RP Baeza, JA (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM baeza.antonio@gmail.com FU CAPES-Brazil; CONICYT-Chile FX PH thanks Mario Hernaez for logistic support for sampling in the study area. Financial support to undertake the present investigation was provided by doctoral scholarships to PH (CAPES-Brazil 2010-2012, CONICYT-Chile 2012-2013). PH is especially grateful to local fishermen for their helpful advice. Insightful comments by two anonymous referees improved this manuscript substantially. Thanks to Lunden Simpson (Clemson University) for correcting the English of this manuscript. This is contribution number 975 of the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce, FL, USA. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 20 PU CRUSTACEAN SOC PI SAN ANTONIO PA 840 EAST MULBERRY, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78212 USA SN 0278-0372 EI 1937-240X J9 J CRUSTACEAN BIOL JI J. Crustac. Biol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 35 IS 1 BP 68 EP 75 DI 10.1163/1937240X-00002294 PG 8 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CA7YZ UT WOS:000349135000009 ER PT J AU Baez-Molgado, S Bartelink, EJ Jellema, LM Spurlock, L Sholts, SB AF Baez-Molgado, Socorro Bartelink, Eric J. Jellema, Lyman M. Spurlock, Linda Sholts, Sabrina B. TI Classification of Pelvic Ring Fractures in Skeletonized Human Remains SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; forensic anthropology; pelvic ring fracture; motor vehicle accident; skeletal remains; trauma analysis ID ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS; TRAUMA ANALYSIS; BONE-FRACTURES; INJURIES; PATTERNS AB Pelvic ring fractures are associated with high rates of mortality and thus can provide key information about circumstances surrounding death. These injuries can be particularly informative in skeletonized remains, yet difficult to diagnose and interpret. This study adapted a clinical system of classifying pelvic ring fractures according to their resultant degree of pelvic stability for application to gross human skeletal remains. The modified Tile criteria were applied to the skeletal remains of 22 individuals from the Cleveland Museum of Natural History and Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico that displayed evidence of pelvic injury. Because these categories are tied directly to clinical assessments concerning the severity and treatment of injuries, this approach can aid in the identification of manner and cause of death, as well as interpretations of possible mechanisms of injury, such as those typical in car-to-pedestrian and motor vehicle accidents. C1 [Baez-Molgado, Socorro] SW Texas State Univ, Dept Anthropol, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. [Baez-Molgado, Socorro] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Antropol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Bartelink, Eric J.] Calif State Univ Chico, Dept Anthropol, Chico, CA 95929 USA. [Jellema, Lyman M.] Kent State Univ, Dept Anthropol, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Spurlock, Linda] Cleveland Museum Nat Hist, Dept Phys Anthropol, Cleveland, OH USA. [Sholts, Sabrina B.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Baez-Molgado, S (reprint author), SW Texas State Univ, Dept Anthropol, 601 Univ Dr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. EM socorro@forost.org NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1198 EI 1556-4029 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 60 SU 1 BP S171 EP S176 DI 10.1111/1556-4029.12613 PG 6 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA AZ9YC UT WOS:000348569500021 PM 25381919 ER PT J AU Xiang, JY Wen, J Peng, H AF Xiang, Jian-Ying Wen, Jun Peng, Hua TI Evolution of the eastern Asian-North American biogeographic disjunctions in ferns and lycophytes SO JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Review DE Biogeography; disjunction; eastern Asia; ferns; lycophytes; North America ID POLYPODIUM-VULGARE COMPLEX; RBCL NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCES; GENUS TRICHOMANES HYMENOPHYLLACEAE; WORLD DRYOPTERIS DRYOPTERIDACEAE; ADIANTUM-PEDATUM COMPLEX; MORNE-NATIONAL-PARK; EUPOLYPOD II FERNS; RETICULATE EVOLUTION; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; CHLOROPLAST RBCL AB This paper reviews 31 groups in ferns and lycophytes hypothesized to show eastern Asian-North American disjunctions. Fourteen lineages have been supported by recent phylogenetic evidence: Lycopodium nikoense and Lycopodium sitchense; Isoetes asiatica and the clade of the North American species complex closely allied to I. maritima; Osmundastrum cinnamomeum; Osmunda claytoniana; the Adiantum pedatum complex; the Cryptogramma acrostichoides complex; Diplaziopsidaceae; Cystopteris chinensis and the Cystopteris bulbifera clade; Asplenium rhizophyllum and Asplenium ruprechtii; diploid Phegopteris; Onoclea sensibilis; the Polypodium appalachianum clade; and the Polypodium glycyrrhiza clade. Phylogenetic and/or cytological evidence did not support the biogeographic disjunctions in six cases: (1) Isoetes asiatica and I. truncata; (2) Botrychium ternatum; (3) Thelypteris beddomei and T. nipponicaThelypteris noveboracensis and T. nevadensis; (4) Thelypteris glanduligera and Thelypteris. japonicaT. simulata; (5) Woodwardia japonica and W. virginica; and (6) Woodwardia orientalis and Woodwardia fimbriata. Both vicariance and dispersal have been suggested to be the mechanisms for the formation of the disjunct pattern; and the Beringian region has been an active pathway for the migration of ferns and lycophytes between Asia and North America. Disjunctions of ferns and lycophytes reviewed here have been dated in the Tertiary, and are similar to the ages of eastern Asian-North American disjunctions in seed plants, supporting the close biogeographic co-diversification of ferns and seed plants. Future studies are needed to estimate divergence times and reconstruct biogeographic events in a broad phylogenetic framework, and to test the morphological stasis hypothesis in disjunct ferns and lycophytes. C1 [Xiang, Jian-Ying] Southwest Forestry Univ, Yunnan Acad Biodivers, Kunming 650224, Peoples R China. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Peng, Hua] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Divers & Biogeog East Asia, Kunming 650204, Peoples R China. RP Wen, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM wenj@si.edu; hpeng@mail.kib.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31129001, 31100155]; Small Grants program of the National Museum of Natural History at the Smithsonian Institution; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation FX This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (project no. 31129001) to J. W. and T. Y., National Natural Science Foundation of China (project no. 31100155) to J. X., the Small Grants program of the National Museum of Natural History at the Smithsonian Institution, and the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation to J. W. We thank Jinmei Lu, Jordan Metzgar, Eric Schuettpelz, Erin Sigel, Carl Taylor, Ran Wei, Li-Bing Zhang, two anonymous reviewers, and Editor Harald Schneider for their most helpful comments on the earlier versions of the manuscript. We are grateful to Alice Tangerini for drawing the base map for the figures, and Xue Yang and Sue Lutz for assistance with figure preparation. This review paper benefited from valuable discussions with our mentor in pteridology, the late professor Sugong Wu, to whom we dedicate this paper to, in honor of his contributions to the pteridophyte collections and research on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China and also in Indo-China. NR 270 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 8 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1674-4918 EI 1759-6831 J9 J SYST EVOL JI J. Syst. Evol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 53 IS 1 BP 2 EP 32 DI 10.1111/jse.12141 PG 31 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CA4CL UT WOS:000348851800002 ER PT J AU Martinez-Manso, J Gonzalez, AH Ashby, MLN Stanford, SA Brodwin, M Holder, GP Stern, D AF Martinez-Manso, Jesus Gonzalez, Anthony H. Ashby, Matthew L. N. Stanford, S. A. Brodwin, Mark Holder, Gilbert P. Stern, Daniel TI The Spitzer South Pole Telescope Deep-Field Survey: linking galaxies and haloes at z=1.5 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: haloes; galaxies: high-redshift; cosmology: observations; large-scale structure of Universe ID DARK-MATTER HALOES; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; STELLAR POPULATION SYNTHESIS; STAR-FORMATION HISTORIES; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; SIMILAR-TO 1; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; IRAC SHALLOW SURVEY; MEDIUM-BAND SURVEY AB We present an analysis of the clustering of high-redshift galaxies in the recently completed 94 deg(2) Spitzer South Pole Telescope Deep-Field survey. Applying flux and colour cuts to the mid-infrared photometry efficiently selects galaxies at z similar to 1.5 in the stellar mass range 10(10)-10(11)M(circle dot), making this sample the largest used so far to study such a distant population. We measure the angular correlation function in different flux-limited samples at scales >6 arcsec (corresponding to physical distances >0.05 Mpc) and thereby map the one-and two-halo contributions to the clustering. We fit halo occupation distributions and determine how the central galaxy's stellar mass and satellite occupation depend on the halo mass. We measure a prominent peak in the stellar-to-halo mass ratio at a halo mass of log (M-halo/M-circle dot) = 12.44 +/- 0.08, 4.5 times higher than the z = 0 value. This supports the idea of an evolving mass threshold above which star formation is quenched. We estimate the large-scale bias in the range b(g) = 2-4 and the satellite fraction to be f(sat) similar to 0.2, showing a clear evolution compared to z = 0. We also find that, above a given stellar mass limit, the fraction of galaxies that are in similar mass pairs is higher at z = 1.5 than at z = 0. In addition, we measure that this fraction mildly increases with the stellar mass limit at z = 1.5, which is the opposite of the behaviour seen at low redshift. C1 [Martinez-Manso, Jesus; Gonzalez, Anthony H.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ashby, Matthew L. N.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Stanford, S. A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Brodwin, Mark] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Holder, Gilbert P.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Stern, Daniel] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Martinez-Manso, J (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM j.martinez.manso@gmail.com NR 164 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 446 IS 1 BP 169 EP 194 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu1998 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AY3ZP UT WOS:000347518300012 ER PT J AU Raddi, R Drew, JE Steeghs, D Wright, NJ Drake, JJ Barentsen, G Fabregat, J Sale, SE AF Raddi, R. Drew, J. E. Steeghs, D. Wright, N. J. Drake, J. J. Barentsen, G. Fabregat, J. Sale, S. E. TI A deep catalogue of classical Be stars in the direction of the Perseus Arm: spectral types and interstellar reddenings SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE stars: early-type; stars: emission-line, Be; dust, extinction; ISM: structure ID NORTHERN GALACTIC PLANE; H-ALPHA EMISSION; YOUNG OPEN CLUSTERS; BE-STARS; SKY SURVEY; MILKY-WAY; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; IPHAS; EXTINCTION; EVOLUTION AB We present a catalogue of 247 photometrically and spectroscopically confirmed fainter classical Be stars (13 less than or similar to r less than or similar to 16) in the direction of the Perseus Arm of the Milky Way (-1 degrees < b < + 4 degrees, 120 degrees < l < 140 degrees). The catalogue consists of 181 IPHAS-selected new classical Be stars, in addition to 66 objects that we studied in our previous work more closely, and three stars identified as classical Be stars in earlier work. This study more than doubles the number known in the region. Photometry spanning 0.6-5 mu m, spectral types, and interstellar reddenings are given for each object. The spectral types were determined from low-resolution spectra (lambda/Delta lambda approximate to 800-2000), to a precision of 1-3 subtypes. The interstellar reddenings are derived from the (r - i) colour, using a method that corrects for circumstellar disc emission. The colour excesses obtained range from E(B - V) = 0.3 up to 1.6 - a distribution that modestly extends the range reported in the literature for Perseus-Arm open clusters. For around half the sample, the reddenings obtained are compatible with measures of the total sightline Galactic extinction. Many of these are likely to lie well beyond the Perseus Arm. C1 [Raddi, R.; Drew, J. E.; Wright, N. J.; Barentsen, G.] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, STRI, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Raddi, R.; Steeghs, D.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Drake, J. J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Fabregat, J.] Univ Valencia, Astron Observ, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain. [Sale, S. E.] Rudolf Peierls Ctr Theoret Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England. RP Raddi, R (reprint author), Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, STRI, Coll Lane Campus, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. EM r.raddi@warwick.ac.uk RI Fabregat, Juan/F-9066-2016; OI Fabregat, Juan/0000-0002-5986-9347; Sale, Stuart/0000-0003-2155-0995; Drew, Janet/0000-0003-1192-7082; Raddi, Roberto/0000-0002-9090-9191 FU Science & Technology Facilities Council of the UK (STFC) [ST/J001335/1]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation; European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP)/ERC [320964]; STFC of the United Kingdom [GB ST/J001333/1, SES ST/K00106X/1]; Royal Astronomical Society of the United Kingdom; Spanish Plan Nacional de I+D+i; FEDER [AYA2010-18352] FX This paper makes use of data obtained as part of the IPHAS (www.iphas.org) carried out at the INT. The INT is operated on the island of La Palma by the Isaac Newton Group in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. All IPHAS data are processed by the Cambridge Astronomical Survey Unit, at the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge. The catalogue presented in this work was assembled at the Centre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire, supported by a grant from the Science & Technology Facilities Council of the UK (STFC, ref ST/J001335/1).; This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.; The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement no. 320964 (WDTracer). JED, GB, and SES acknowledge support from the STFC of the United Kingdom (JED and GB ST/J001333/1, SES ST/K00106X/1). NJW is in receipt of a Fellowship funded by the Royal Astronomical Society of the United Kingdom. JF is supported by the Spanish Plan Nacional de I+D+i and FEDER under contract AYA2010-18352. NR 62 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 446 IS 1 BP 274 EP 298 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu2090 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AY3ZP UT WOS:000347518300020 ER PT J AU Miguel, Y Kaltenegger, L Linsky, JL Rugheimer, S AF Miguel, Yamila Kaltenegger, Lisa Linsky, Jeffrey L. Rugheimer, Sarah TI The effect of Lyman alpha radiation on mini-Neptune atmospheres around M stars: application to GJ 436b SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: atmospheres; planets and satellites: general; planets and satellites: individual: GJ 436b ID ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTIONS; TRANSITING HOT NEPTUNE; M-DWARF GJ-436; HD 189733B; TRANSMISSION SPECTRUM; CARBON-MONOXIDE; GIANT PLANETS; MASS PLANET; SUPER-EARTH; EXOPLANET AB Mini-Neptunes orbiting M stars are a growing population of known exoplanets. Some of them are located very close to their host star, receiving large amounts of UV radiation. Many M stars emit strong chromospheric emission in the H I Lyman alpha line (Ly alpha) at 1215.67 angstrom, the brightest far-UV emission line. We show that the effect of incoming Lya flux can significantly change the photochemistry of mini-Neptunes' atmospheres. We use GJ 436b as an example, considering different metallicities for its atmospheric composition. For solar composition, H2O-mixing ratios show the largest change because of Lya radiation. H2O absorbs most of this radiation, thereby shielding CH4, whose dissociation is driven mainly by radiation at other far-UV wavelengths (similar to 1300 angstrom). H2O photolysis also affects other species in the atmosphere, including H, H-2, CO2, CO, OH and O. For an atmosphere with high metallicity, H2O- and CO2-mixing ratios show the biggest change, thereby shielding CH4. Direct measurements of the UV flux of the host stars are important for understanding the photochemistry in exoplanets' atmospheres. This is crucial, especially in the region between 1 and 10(-6) bars, which is the part of the atmosphere that generates most of the observable spectral features. C1 [Miguel, Yamila; Kaltenegger, Lisa] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Kaltenegger, Lisa; Rugheimer, Sarah] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Linsky, Jeffrey L.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Linsky, Jeffrey L.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Miguel, Y (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. EM miguel@mpia.de FU DFG [ENP Ka 3142/1-1]; Space Telescope Science Institute FX We would like to thank Ravi Kopparapu, James Kasting, Dimitar Sasselov, Kevin France and Yan Betremieux for useful discussions. Special thanks to Julianne Moses, for fruitful discussions and providing the thermal structure of high-metallicity GJ 436b atmosphere. YM and LK acknowledge DFG funding ENP Ka 3142/1-1 and the Simons Foundation. JLL acknowledges support from the Space Telescope Science Institute. This work has made use of the MUSCLES M dwarf UV radiation field data base. NR 62 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 446 IS 1 BP 345 EP 353 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu2107 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AY3ZP UT WOS:000347518300024 ER PT J AU Luangtip, W Roberts, TP Mineo, S Lehmer, BD Alexander, DM Jackson, FE Goulding, AD Fischer, JL AF Luangtip, W. Roberts, T. P. Mineo, S. Lehmer, B. D. Alexander, D. M. Jackson, F. E. Goulding, A. D. Fischer, J. L. TI A deficit of ultraluminous X-ray sources in luminous infrared galaxies SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion discs; black hole physics; galaxies: starburst; infrared: alaxies; X-rays: binaries ID STAR-FORMATION RATE; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; HOLMBERG IX X-1; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; SUPER-EDDINGTON ACCRETION; FORMATION RATE INDICATORS; MASS BLACK-HOLES; METAL-POOR STARS; NGC 1313 X-1; SOURCE POPULATION AB We present results from a Chandra study of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) in a sample of 17 nearby (D-L < 60 Mpc) luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs), selected to have star formation rates (SFRs) in excess of 7 M-circle dot yr(-1) and low foreground Galactic column densities (N-H less than or similar to 5 x 10(20) cm(-2)). Atotal of 53 ULXs were detected and we confirm that this is a complete catalogue of ULXs for the LIRG sample. We examine the evolution of ULX spectra with luminosity in these galaxies by stacking the spectra of individual objects in three luminosity bins, finding a distinct change in spectral index at luminosity similar to 2 x 10(39) erg s(-1). This may be a change in spectrum as 10 M-circle dot black holes transit from an similar to Eddington to a super-Eddington accretion regime, and is supported by a plausible detection of partially ionized absorption imprinted on the spectrum of the luminous ULX (L-X approximate to 5 x 10(39) erg s(-1)) CXOU J024238.9-000055 in NGC 1068, consistent with the highly ionized massive wind that we would expect to see driven by a super-Eddington accretion flow. This sample shows a large deficit in the number of ULXs detected per unit SFR (0.2 versus 2 ULXs, per M-circle dot yr(-1)) compared to the detection rate in nearby (D-L < 14.5 Mpc) normal star-forming galaxies. This deficit also manifests itself as a lower differential X-ray luminosity function normalization for the LIRG sample than for samples of other star-forming galaxies. We show that it is unlikely that this deficit is a purely observational effect. Part of this deficit might be attributable to the high metallicity of the LIRGs impeding the production efficiency of ULXs and/or a lag between the star formation starting and the production of ULXs; however, we argue that the evidence - including very low N-ULX/L-FIR, and an even lower ULX incidence in the central regions of the LIRGs - shows that the main culprit for this deficit is likely to be the high column of gas and dust in these galaxies, that fuels the high SFR but also acts to obscure many ULXs from our view. C1 [Luangtip, W.; Roberts, T. P.; Mineo, S.; Alexander, D. M.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Mineo, S.; Goulding, A. D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lehmer, B. D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Lehmer, B. D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Jackson, F. E.] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Fischer, J. L.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Luangtip, W (reprint author), Univ Durham, Dept Phys, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. EM wasutep.luangtip@durham.ac.uk FU Royal Thai Fellowship scheme; STFC [ST/G001588/1, ST/K000861/1] FX We thank the anonymous referee for their suggestions that resulted in improvements to this paper. WL acknowledges support in the form of funding for a PhD studentship from the Royal Thai Fellowship scheme. TPR thanks STFC for support in the form of the standard grant ST/G001588/1 and subsequently as part of the consolidated grant ST/K000861/1. We thank various colleagues for useful conversations, notably Poshak Gandhi for pointing out the CCSNe results and James Mullaney for a helpful discussion in the AGN contribution fitting result. We would also like to thank Steven Willner for a valuable discussion on the effect of dust versus galaxy age. NR 113 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 446 IS 1 BP 470 EP 492 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu2086 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AY3ZP UT WOS:000347518300033 ER PT J AU Kara, E Zoghbi, A Marinucci, A Walton, DJ Fabian, AC Risaliti, G Boggs, SE Christensen, FE Fuerst, F Hailey, CJ Harrison, FA Matt, G Parker, ML Reynolds, CS Stern, D Zhang, WW AF Kara, E. Zoghbi, A. Marinucci, A. Walton, D. J. Fabian, A. C. Risaliti, G. Boggs, S. E. Christensen, F. E. Fuerst, F. Hailey, C. J. Harrison, F. A. Matt, G. Parker, M. L. Reynolds, C. S. Stern, D. Zhang, W. W. TI Iron K and Compton hump reverberation in SWIFT J2127.4+5654 and NGC 1365 revealed by NuSTAR and XMM-Newton SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE black hole physics; galaxies: active; X-rays: galaxies ID X-RAY REVERBERATION; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; LINE SEYFERT-1 ARK-564; BLACK-HOLE MASS; TIME-LAGS; CYGNUS X-1; SPECTRAL VARIABILITY; TIMING PROPERTIES; LIGHT CURVES AB In the past five years, a flurry of X-ray reverberation lag measurements of accreting supermassive black holes have been made using the XMM-Newton telescope in the 0.3-10 keV energy range. In this work, we use the NuSTAR (Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array) telescope to extend the lag analysis up to higher energies for two Seyfert galaxies, SWIFT J2127.4+5654 and NGC 1365. X-ray reverberation lags are due to the light travel time delays between the direct continuum emission and the reprocessed emission from the inner radii of an ionized accretion disc. XMM-Newton has been particularly adept at measuring the lag associated with the broad Fe K emission line, where the gravitationally redshifted wing of the line is observed to respond before the line centroid at 6.4 keV, produced at larger radii. Now, we use NuSTAR to probe the lag at higher energies, where the spectrum shows clear evidence for Compton reflection, known as the Compton 'hump'. The XMM-Newton data show Fe K lags in both SWIFT J2127.4+5654 and NGC 1365. The NuSTAR data provide independent confirmation of these Fe K lags, and also show evidence for the corresponding Compton hump lags, especially in SWIFT J2127.4+5654. These broad-band lag measurements confirm that the Compton hump and Fe K lag are produced at small radii. At low frequencies in NGC 1365, where the spectrum shows evidence for eclipsing clouds in the line of sight, we find a clear negative (not positive) lag from 2 to 10 keV, which can be understood as the decrease in column density from a neutral eclipsing cloud moving out of our line of sight during the observation. C1 [Kara, E.; Fabian, A. C.; Parker, M. L.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 OHA, England. [Zoghbi, A.; Reynolds, C. S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Zoghbi, A.] Joint Space Sci Inst JSI, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Marinucci, A.] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, I-00146 Rome, Italy. [Walton, D. J.; Fuerst, F.; Harrison, F. A.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Risaliti, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Risaliti, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Boggs, S. E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Christensen, F. E.] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Space Natl Space Inst, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Hailey, C. J.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Stern, D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Zhang, W. W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Kara, E (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 OHA, England. EM ekara@ast.cam.ac.uk RI Boggs, Steven/E-4170-2015; Zoghbi, Abderahmen/A-8445-2017; OI Boggs, Steven/0000-0001-9567-4224; Zoghbi, Abderahmen/0000-0002-0572-9613; Risaliti, Guido/0000-0002-3556-977X FU European Union [312789]; Italian Space Agency [ASI/INAF I/037/12/0-011/13]; ESA Member States; NASA [NNG08FD60C]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX We thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments. EK thanks the Gates Cambridge Scholarship. ACF thanks the Royal Society. EK, ACF, AM and GM acknowledge support from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 312789, StrongGravity. AM and GM acknowledge financial support from Italian Space Agency under grant ASI/INAF I/037/12/0-011/13. This work is based on observations obtained with XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and NASA. This work was supported under NASA Contract No. NNG08FD60C, and made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the NuSTAR Operations, Software and Calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. This research has made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS) jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA). NR 67 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 446 IS 1 BP 737 EP 749 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu2136 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AY3ZP UT WOS:000347518300053 ER PT J AU Rahn-Lee, L Byrne, ME Zhang, MJ Le Sage, D Glenn, DR Milbourne, T Walsworth, RL Vali, H Komeili, A AF Rahn-Lee, Lilah Byrne, Meghan E. Zhang, Manjing Le Sage, David Glenn, David R. Milbourne, Timothy Walsworth, Ronald L. Vali, Hojatollah Komeili, Arash TI A Genetic Strategy for Probing the Functional Diversity of Magnetosome Formation SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID DESULFOVIBRIO-MAGNETICUS RS-1; BULLET-SHAPED MAGNETOSOMES; MAGNETOSPIRILLUM-GRYPHISWALDENSE; MAGNETOTACTIC BACTERIA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS; STRAIN AMB-1; BIOMINERALIZATION; MEMBRANE; PROTEIN AB Model genetic systems are invaluable, but limit us to understanding only a few organisms in detail, missing the variations in biological processes that are performed by related organisms. One such diverse process is the formation of magnetosome organelles by magnetotactic bacteria. Studies of model magnetotactic alpha-proteobacteria have demonstrated that magnetosomes are cubo-octahedral magnetite crystals that are synthesized within pre-existing membrane compartments derived from the inner membrane and orchestrated by a specific set of genes encoded within a genomic island. However, this model cannot explain all magnetosome formation, which is phenotypically and genetically diverse. For example, Desulfovibrio magneticus RS-1, a delta-proteobacterium for which we lack genetic tools, produces tooth-shaped magnetite crystals that may or may not be encased by a membrane with a magnetosome gene island that diverges significantly from those of the a-proteobacteria. To probe the functional diversity of magnetosome formation, we used modern sequencing technology to identify hits in RS-1 mutated with UV or chemical mutagens. We isolated and characterized mutant alleles of 10 magnetosome genes in RS-1, 7 of which are not found in the alpha-proteobacterial models. These findings have implications for our understanding of magnetosome formation in general and demonstrate the feasibility of applying a modern genetic approach to an organism for which classic genetic tools are not available. C1 [Rahn-Lee, Lilah; Byrne, Meghan E.; Zhang, Manjing; Komeili, Arash] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Le Sage, David; Glenn, David R.; Milbourne, Timothy; Walsworth, Ronald L.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Le Sage, David; Glenn, David R.; Walsworth, Ronald L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Glenn, David R.; Walsworth, Ronald L.] Harvard Univ, Ctr Brain Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Vali, Hojatollah] McGill Univ, Facil Electron Microscopy Res, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Vali, Hojatollah] McGill Univ, Dept Anat & Cell Biol, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Vali, Hojatollah] McGill Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Rahn-Lee, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM komeili@berkeley.edu OI Le Sage, David/0000-0003-1678-9491; Byrne, Meghan/0000-0003-1953-5833 FU National Institutes of Health [R01GM084122]; Office of Naval Research [N000141310421]; National Science Foundation; Defence Advanced Research Project Agency QuASAR program; NIH [S10RR029668, S10RR027303] FX AK and LRL were supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (www.nih.org R01GM084122) and the Office of Naval Research (www.onr.navy.mil N000141310421). DLS, DRG, TM, and RLW acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation (www.nsf.gov) and the Defence Advanced Research Project Agency QuASAR program (http://www.darpa.mil/Our_Work/DSO/Programs/Quantum-Assisted_Sensing_and _Readout_(QuASAR).aspx). This work used the Vincent J. Coates Genomics Sequencing Laboratory at UC Berkeley, supported by NIH S10 Instrumentation Grants S10RR029668 and S10RR027303 (www.nih.org). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 65 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 11 IS 1 AR e1004811 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1004811 PG 18 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA CB0KL UT WOS:000349314600003 PM 25569806 ER PT J AU Boucher, C Pearlman, M Sarti, P AF Boucher, Claude Pearlman, Mike Sarti, Pierguido TI Global geodetic observatories SO ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Global geodetic observatories; GGOS; Space geodesy; Space geodetic techniques; Co-locations; Tie vectors ID GLACIAL EARTHQUAKES; REFERENCE FRAMES; RADIO TELESCOPE; LOCAL TIES; VLBI; SYSTEM; GPS; GENERATION; ASTROMETRY; GREENLAND AB Global geodetic observatories (GGO) play an increasingly important role both for scientific and societal applications, in particular for the maintenance and evolution of the reference frame and those applications that rely on the reference frame for their viability. The International Association of Geodesy (JAG), through the Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS), is fully involved in coordinating the development of these systems and ensuring their quality, perenniality and accessibility. This paper reviews the current role, basic concepts, and some of the critical issues associated with the GGOs, and advocates for their expansion to enhance co-location with other observing techniques (gravity, meteorology, etc). The historical perspective starts with the MERIT campaign, followed by the creation of international services (IERS, IGS, ILRS, IVS, IDS, etc). It provides a basic definition of observing systems and observatories and the build up of the international networks and the role of co-locations in geodesy and geosciences and multi-technique processing and data products. This paper gives special attention to the critical topic of local surveys and tie vectors among co-located systems in sites; the agreement of space geodetic solutions and the tie vectors now place one of the most significant limitations on the quality of integrated data products, most notably the ITRF. This topic focuses on survey techniques, extrapolation to instrument reference points, computation techniques, systematic biases, and alignment of the individual technique reference frames into ITRF. The paper also discusses the design, layout and implementation of network infrastructure, including the role of GGOS and the benefit that would be achieved with better standardization and international governance. (C) 2014 COSPAR. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Boucher, Claude] Observ Paris SYRTE, Paris, France. [Pearlman, Mike] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sarti, Pierguido] Ist Nazl Astrofis INAF, Ist Radioastron IRA, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. RP Sarti, P (reprint author), Ist Nazl Astrofis INAF, Ist Radioastron IRA, Via P Gobetti 101, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. EM p.sarti@ira.inaf.it RI Sarti, Pierguido/D-2391-2009 OI Sarti, Pierguido/0000-0003-1260-5587 NR 54 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0273-1177 EI 1879-1948 J9 ADV SPACE RES JI Adv. Space Res. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 55 IS 1 BP 24 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.asr.2014.10.011 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AZ2TJ UT WOS:000348084900003 ER PT J AU Steidinger, BS Turner, BL Corrales, A Dalling, JW AF Steidinger, Brian S. Turner, Benjamin L. Corrales, Adrianna Dalling, James W. TI Variability in potential to exploit different soil organic phosphorus compounds among tropical montane tree species SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cluster roots; mycorrhiza; resource partitioning; soil organic phosphorus; tropical montane forest ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; KORUP NATIONAL-PARK; RAIN-FOREST; PHOSPHATASE-ACTIVITIES; ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; INOSITOL PHOSPHATE; UNDERSTOREY PALMS; DIVERSITY; ROOTS; ACQUISITION AB 1. We hypothesized that tropical plant species with different mycorrhizal associations reduce competition for soil phosphorus (P) by specializing to exploit different soil organic P compounds. We assayed the activity of root/mycorrhizal phosphatase enzymes of four tree species with contrasting root symbiotic relationships - arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) (angiosperm and conifer), ectomycorrhizal (EM) and non-mycorrhizal - collected from one of three soil sites within a montane tropical forest. We also measured growth and foliar P of these seedlings in an experiment with P provided exclusively as inorganic orthophosphate, a simple phosphomonoester (glucose phosphate), a phosphodiester (RNA), phytate (the sodium salt of myo-inositol hexakisphosphate) or a no-P control. The EM tree species expressed twice the phosphomonoesterase activity as the AM tree species, but had similar phosphodiesterase activity. The non-mycorrhizal Proteaceae tree had markedly greater activity of both enzymes than the mycorrhizal tree species, with root clusters expressing greater phosphomonoesterase activity than fine roots. Both the mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal tree species contained significantly greater foliar P than in no-P controls when limited to inorganic phosphate, glucose phosphate and RNA. The EM species did not perform better than the AM tree species when limited to organic P in any form. In contrast, the non-mycorrhizal Proteaceae tree was the only species capable of exploiting phytate, with nearly three times the leaf area and more than twice the foliar P of the no-P control. Our results suggest that AM and EM tree species exploit similar forms of P, despite differences in phosphomonoesterase activity. In contrast, the mycorrhizal tree species and non-mycorrhizal Proteaceae appear to differ in their ability to exploit phytate. We conclude that resource partitioning of soil P plays a coarse but potentially ecologically important role in fostering the coexistence of tree species in tropical montane forests. C1 [Steidinger, Brian S.] Indiana Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Turner, Benjamin L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Corrales, Adrianna; Dalling, James W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Steidinger, BS (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM bsteidi2@gmail.com RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011 OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722 FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; ENEL Fortuna; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship; Government of Panama SENACYT fund [COLO08-003] FX We thank Arturo Morris, Carlos Espinoza, Tania Romero, Kelly Andersen, Mike O'Mara, and McKenna Kelly for their contributions. The Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and ENEL Fortuna provided the financial and institutional support required to complete this study; financial support for B.S.S. was provided by an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship, and the forest inventory work was provided by the Government of Panama SENACYT fund COLO08-003. We would also like to thank the Dalling laboratory for their support. NR 52 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 49 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-8463 EI 1365-2435 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 29 IS 1 BP 121 EP 130 DI 10.1111/1365-2435.12325 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AZ9UR UT WOS:000348562600015 ER PT J AU Buzas, MA AF Buzas, Martin A. TI 2014 JOSEPH A. CUSHMAN AWARD TO STEPHEN J. CULVER SO JOURNAL OF FORAMINIFERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Buzas, MA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CUSHMAN FOUNDATION FORAMINIFERAL RES PI CAMBRIDGE PA MUSEUM COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, DEPT INVERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY 26 OXFORD ST, HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0096-1191 J9 J FORAMIN RES JI J. Foraminifer. Res. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 45 IS 1 BP 1 EP 2 PG 2 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA AZ5FP UT WOS:000348246100001 ER PT J AU Haynes, SJ Huber, BT Macleod, KG AF Haynes, Shannon J. Huber, Brian T. Macleod, Kenneth G. TI EVOLUTION AND PHYLOGENY OF MID-CRETACEOUS (ALBIAN-CONIACIAN) BISERIAL PLANKTIC FORAMINIFERA SO JOURNAL OF FORAMINIFERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CENOMANIAN-TURONIAN BOUNDARY; NORTH-ATLANTIC; ISOTOPIC EVIDENCE; BIOSTRATIGRAPHY; TANZANIA; OCEAN; GENUS; LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY; CHEMOSTRATIGRAPHY; CLASSIFICATION AB In this paper we critically examine the biostratigraphy and systematics of late Albian-Coniacian biserial planktic foraminifera using measurements and qualitative observations from SEM and X-radiograph images of exquisitely preserved specimens from hemipelagic sediments of southeast Tanzania, augmented by analogous observations of selected Ocean Drilling Program samples and holotypes and paratypes of nearly all species. We document interspecific differences and intraspecific variability, and propose a revised phylogeny for Cretaceous biserial planktic foraminifera placed within a refined biostratigraphic framework. Taxonomic emendations are proposed for the genera Protoheterohelix Georgescu & Huber, 2009, and Planoheterohelix Georgescu & Huber, 2009, and for the species Pr. washitensis (Tappan, 1940), Pi.. obscura Georgescu & Huber, 2009, Pl. moremani (Cushman, 1938), Pl. reussi (Cushman, 1938), and Laeviheterohellx remformis (Marie, 1941). In addition, a neotype is designated for Pl. globulosa (Ehrenberg, 1840), and Pl. praenuttalli n. sp. is described. Biserial speciation events are recognized in the planktic foraminiferal Rotalipora cushmani Zone (latest Cenomanian), Helvetoglobotruncana helvetica Zone (early Turonian), and at the Helvetoglobotruncana helvetica-Marginotruncana schneegansi zonal boundary (middle Turonian). C1 [Haynes, Shannon J.; Macleod, Kenneth G.] Univ Missouri, Dept Geol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Huber, Brian T.] Smithsonian Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, MRC 121, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Haynes, SJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Geol Sci, 101 Geology Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM sjh2c4@mail.missouri.edu RI MacLeod, Kenneth/C-4042-2017 OI MacLeod, Kenneth/0000-0002-6016-0837 FU National Science Foundation [EAR 0642993]; Smithsonian Institution's Scholarly Studies Fund; Walcott Fund FX This project was initiated during an internship at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C. and was continued and incorporated as a chapter of the lead author's Master's thesis at the University of Missouri. Many thanks are extended to Loren Petruny, Carlos Peredo, Carlos Rodriguez-Russo, Sarah Eh linger, and Joshua Johnson for help with picking and counting foraminifera, Ines Wendler for her helpful suggestions, Jo Ann Sanner for taking numerous SEM images, Scott Whittaker for assistance with operation of the SEM, Maria Rose Petrizzo for helpful comments on the manuscript and providing several SEM images, Isabella Premoli Silva for helpful comments on the manuscript, and Paul Brenckle is thanked for his guidance in overseeing the editorial process and for providing numerous helpful editorial suggestions. Critical reviews and suggestions from Sarit Ashckenazi-Polivoda, Eduardo Koutsoukos, and Sigal Abramovich are gratefully acknowledged. Funding for the Tanzania Drilling Project was provided by National Science Foundation grant EAR 0642993 (to KGM and BTH) and the Smithsonian Institution's Scholarly Studies Fund and Walcott Fund (to BTH). NR 86 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU CUSHMAN FOUNDATION FORAMINIFERAL RES PI CAMBRIDGE PA MUSEUM COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, DEPT INVERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY 26 OXFORD ST, HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0096-1191 J9 J FORAMIN RES JI J. Foraminifer. Res. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 45 IS 1 BP 42 EP 81 PG 40 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA AZ5FP UT WOS:000348246100004 ER PT J AU Rabien, KA Culver, SJ Buzas, MA Corbett, DR Walsh, JP Tichenor, HR AF Rabien, Katrina A. Culver, Stephen J. Buzas, Martin A. Corbett, D. Reide Walsh, John P. Tichenor, H. Ray TI THE FORAMINIFERAL SIGNATURE OF RECENT GULF OF MEXICO HURRICANES SO JOURNAL OF FORAMINIFERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER PLUME; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; TROPICAL CYCLONES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BENTHIC FORAMINIFERS; MARSH FORAMINIFERA; SEASONAL HYPOXIA; SOUTH-CAROLINA; RECORD; DELTA AB We investigated foraminiferal assemblages contained within known deposits of Hurricanes Ivan (2004), Katrina (2005), and Rita (2005) on the continental shelf west of the Mississippi Delta to determine: 1) whether they differ significantly from assemblages of non-hurricane units and of a unit deposited by a river flood event, and 2) whether assemblage characteristics might provide insight into the provenance of the sediment. Cores and surface samples were collected along a transect southwest from Southwest Pass (similar to 30-m water depth) to the head of the Mississippi Canyon (similar to 170-m depth) in 2004, 2005, and 2007 following hurricane, non-hurricane, and Mississippi flood episodes. Discriminant analysis indicates that all unit types are generally distinguishable. Species that contribute most to the discrimination of units are mostly rare, while the species significant in the ANOVA are among the most abundant. Both abundant and rare species were useful for identifying the provenance of hurricane-deposited sediment. Seaward transport of sediment by hurricanes is indicated by the presence of rare marsh taxa (not recorded in non-hurricane units) and increased relative abundance of coastal taxa in the hurricane units. High relative abundances of taxa that are abundant in both the hurricane and non-hurricane units suggest a portion of the hurricane-deposited sediments were also locally derived. In summary, foraminifera can provide information on the provenance of hurricane-deposited sediment soon after deposition, but bioturbation can destroy this signal rapidly. C1 [Rabien, Katrina A.; Culver, Stephen J.; Corbett, D. Reide; Walsh, John P.; Tichenor, H. Ray] E Carolina Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. [Buzas, Martin A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Corbett, D. Reide; Walsh, John P.] E Carolina Univ, Inst Coastal Sci & Policy, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. RP Culver, SJ (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. EM culvers@ecu.edu FU NSF [OCE-0841092, OCE-0452166]; American Chemical Society (Petroleum Research Fund) FX We thank the captains and crews of the R/V Cape Hatteras and R/V Pelican for their assistance in sample collection during cruises funded by NSF awards OCE-0841092 and OCE-0452166. We also thank two anonymous reviewers whose comments improved this paper. Acknowledgment is made to the donors of the American Chemical Society (Petroleum Research Fund) for supporting this research. NR 94 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU CUSHMAN FOUNDATION FORAMINIFERAL RES PI CAMBRIDGE PA MUSEUM COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, DEPT INVERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY 26 OXFORD ST, HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0096-1191 J9 J FORAMIN RES JI J. Foraminifer. Res. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 45 IS 1 BP 82 EP 105 PG 24 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA AZ5FP UT WOS:000348246100005 ER PT J AU Stewart, RA Crosier, AE Pelican, KM Pukazhenthi, BS Sitzmann, BD Porter, TE Wildt, DE Ottinger, MA Howard, J AF Stewart, Rosemary A. Crosier, Adrienne E. Pelican, Katharine M. Pukazhenthi, Budhan S. Sitzmann, Brandon D. Porter, Tom E. Wildt, David E. Ottinger, Mary Ann Howard, JoGayle TI Progestin priming before gonadotrophin stimulation and AI improves embryo development and normalises luteal function in the cat SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; corpus luteum; LH; ovary; progesterone; spontaneous ovulation ID HUMAN CHORIONIC-GONADOTROPIN; ACUTE REGULATORY PROTEIN; IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; MESSENGER-RNA LEVELS; DOMESTIC CAT; CORPUS-LUTEUM; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; ARTIFICIAL-INSEMINATION; PRIONAILURUS-VIVERRINUS; ASSISTED REPRODUCTION AB Exogenous gonadotrophins administered before AI can adversely alter endocrine dynamics and inhibit embryo development in felids. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that priming the domestic cat ovary with progestin mitigates the negative influence of gonadotrophin therapy by normalising early embryogenesis and luteal function. Queens were given either: (1) progestin pretreatment plus chorionic gonadotrophins (n = 8; primed); or (2) gonadotrophins only (n = 8; unprimed). Ovulatory response was assessed laparoscopically, and cats with fresh corpora lutea (CL) were inseminated in utero. Ovariohysterectomy was performed 3 days later to recover intra-oviductal embryos for in vitro culture; one ovary was prepared for histology, and CL from the remaining ovary were excised and assessed for progesterone content and targeted gene expression. Of the six primed and seven unprimed queens inseminated, embryo(s) were recovered from five individuals per group. Embryos from progestin-primed donors more closely simulated normal stage in vivo development (P < 0.05). No 2- or 4-cell embryos from either group developed beyond 16-cells in vitro; however, 50% of unprimed and 66.7% of primed (P > 0.05) 5-16-cell embryos progressed to morulae or blastocysts by Day 4 of culture. Although histological characteristics were unaffected by progestin priming (P > 0.05), luteal progesterone was unusually high (P < 0.05) in unprimed compared with primed cats (72.4 +/- 5.8 vs 52.2 +/- 5.5 ng mg(-1), respectively). Two genes associated with progesterone biosynthesis (luteinising hormone receptor and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) were upregulated in unprimed versus primed individuals (P = 0.05 and P, 0.05, respectively), indicating potential mechanistic pathways for the protective influence of pre-emptive progestin treatment. Building on earlier findings that progestin priming prevents spontaneous ovulation, increases ovarian sensitivity to gonadotrophins and ensures a normative endocrine environment, the present study demonstrates that pretreatment with this steroid also benefits embryo development and normalisation of early luteal function. C1 [Stewart, Rosemary A.; Crosier, Adrienne E.; Pelican, Katharine M.; Pukazhenthi, Budhan S.; Wildt, David E.; Howard, JoGayle] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Stewart, Rosemary A.; Sitzmann, Brandon D.; Porter, Tom E.; Ottinger, Mary Ann] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Stewart, RA (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Ctr Integrat Study Anim Behav, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM stewarra@indiana.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [1K0-01-RR17310-01] NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1031-3613 EI 1448-5990 J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev. PY 2015 VL 27 IS 2 BP 360 EP 371 DI 10.1071/RD13274 PG 12 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA CA1WZ UT WOS:000348700900010 PM 24300570 ER PT J AU Adames, I Ortega, HE Asai, Y Kato, M Nagaoka, K TenDyke, K Shen, YY Cubilla-Rios, L AF Adames, Itzel Ortega, Humberto E. Asai, Yumi Kato, Masaki Nagaoka, Kazuya TenDyke, Karen Shen, Young Yongchun Cubilla-Rios, Luis TI 3-epi-Waol A and Waol C: polyketide-derived gamma-lactones isolated from the endophytic fungus Libertella blepharis F2644 SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS LA English DT Article DE gamma-Lactones; Libertella blepharis; Olyra latifolia; Biological activities ID NATURAL-PRODUCTS; PARTHENOLIDE; ANTICANCER; (-)-TAN-2483A; REVISION; FD-211 AB Two new gamma-lactones, 3-epi-Waol A (1), and Waol C (2) were isolated, together with three known compounds [1-hydroxy-6-methyl-8-hydroxymethylxanthone, pestacin, and isopestacin], from the solid culture of the endophytic fungus Libertella blepharis that had been isolated from the mature leaf of Olyra latifolia, collected in the province of Colon, Republic of Panama. Elucidation of their structure was accomplished using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy in combination with IR spectroscopic and MS data. 3-epi-Waol A (1) showed a growth inhibition with IC50 values of 22.71 mu M against the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi; and 22.46, 6.20, and 1.0 mu M against MCF-7, HCT116, and H460 cancer cell lines, respectively. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Adames, Itzel; Ortega, Humberto E.; Cubilla-Rios, Luis] Univ Panama, Fac Nat Exact Sci & Technol, Lab Trop Bioorgan Chem, Panama City, Panama. [Ortega, Humberto E.; Cubilla-Rios, Luis] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Asai, Yumi; Kato, Masaki; Nagaoka, Kazuya] Eisai & Co Ltd, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3002635, Japan. [TenDyke, Karen; Shen, Young Yongchun] Eisai Inc, Andover, MA 01810 USA. RP Cubilla-Rios, L (reprint author), Univ Panama, Fac Nat Exact Sci & Technol, Lab Trop Bioorgan Chem, Panama City, Panama. EM luis.cubilla@up.ac.pa FU U.S. NIH [2 U01TW006634-06] FX This work was supported by U.S. NIH grant for the International Cooperative Biodiversity Groups Program (ICBG-Panama; 2 U01TW006634-06). We express our thanks to Dr. C. Spadafora for conducting the P. falciparum, T. cruzi, and MCF-7 bioassays, to Dr. A. Elizabeth Arnold for assisting in classifying the isolate, to Professor Nivia Rios for help in the large scale culture of Libertella blepharis F2644, and the personnel of Panamas Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente for facilitating this research. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0040-4039 J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT JI Tetrahedron Lett. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 56 IS 1 BP 252 EP 255 DI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.11.081 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA AZ5KK UT WOS:000348259800051 ER PT J AU Kostanjsek, R Kuntner, M AF Kostanjsek, Rok Kuntner, Matjaz TI Araneae Sloveniae: a national spider species checklist SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Faunistics; ecology; regional faunas; Slovenia; Palearctic; species richness ID CROATIAN FAUNA; N-SP; LINYPHIIDAE; ARACHNIDA; CAVE; THERIDIIDAE; COMMUNITIES; SALTICIDAE; DYSDERIDAE; PHYLOGENY AB The research of the spider fauna of Slovenia dates back to the very beginning of binomial nomenclature, and has gone through more and less prolific phases with authors concentrating on taxonomy, faunistics, ecology and zoogeographic reviews. Although the body of published works is remarkable for a small nation, the faunistic data has remained too scattered for a thorough understanding of regional biotic diversity, for comparative and ecological research, and for informed conservation purposes. A national checklist is long overdue. Here, a critical review of all published records in any language is provided. The species list currently comprises 738 species, is published online at http://www.bioportal.si/katalog/araneae.php under the title Araneae Sloveniae, and will be updated in due course. This tool will fill the void in cataloguing regional spider faunas and will facilitate further araneological research in central and southern Europe. C1 [Kostanjsek, Rok] Univ Ljubljana, Dept Biol, Ljubljana 61000, Slovenia. [Kuntner, Matjaz] Slovenian Acad Sci & Arts, Ctr Sci Res, Inst Biol, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Kuntner, Matjaz] Hubei Univ, Coll Life Sci, Ctr Behav Ecol & Evolut, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Kuntner, Matjaz] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Kostanjsek, R (reprint author), Univ Ljubljana, Dept Biol, Ljubljana 61000, Slovenia. EM rok.kostanjsek@bf.uni-lj.si; kuntner@gmail.com NR 308 TC 0 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 474 SI SI BP 1 EP 91 DI 10.3897/zookeys.474.8474 PG 91 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AZ6UE UT WOS:000348355000001 PM 25632258 ER PT J AU Caudill, SA DeClerck, FJA Husband, TP AF Caudill, S. Amanda DeClerck, Fabrice J. A. Husband, Thomas P. TI Connecting sustainable agriculture and wildlife conservation: Does shade coffee provide habitat for mammals? SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Agroforestry; Coffee certification; Costa Rica; Landscape ecology; Mammal diversity; Mammal habitat ID BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; COUNTRYSIDE BIOGEOGRAPHY; LANDSCAPE CONTEXT; WESTERN-GHATS; COSTA-RICA; MEXICO; AGROECOSYSTEMS; DIVERSITY; AGROFORESTRY; CERTIFICATION AB Shade coffee systems provide a refuge for biodiversity; however, research has been dominated by bird and insect studies with few studies that have focused on mammals living within coffee-dominated landscapes. Relative to other taxa studied, only 5% of the articles published on coffee and biodiversity pertain to mammals. We surveyed non-volant mammals, with an emphasis on small mammals, in 3 coffee-forest landscapes in Costa Rica with a particular focus on forest, shade coffee, and sun coffee habitats. Each of the 3 sites contained a 500- x 500-m trap grid that was sampled in 4 sessions, totaling 46 sampling nights per site. This novel approach allowed us to compare mammal abundance and richness on both a plot level and meso-landscape scale (radius 25, 50,100, 150, 200 m). We made 976 captures (501 individuals) and detected 17 small and medium mammal species during the seven-month study period. The abundance and richness of small non-volant mammals found in the shade coffee was not significantly different that of forest habitats embedded and adjacent to coffee. Both forest and shade coffee had significantly more species and higher abundances than sun coffee habitats. Within habitats, at the plot level, higher amounts of canopy cover and lower strata vegetation (i.e., weeds, grasses, plants, and understory shrubs from 5 cm-1 m tall) significantly increased small mammal abundance and richness. Within coffee habitats (sun and shade), greater amounts of canopy cover were significantly associated with higher small mammal abundance and richness. At the meso-landscape scale, small mammal density and richness significantly decreased with increasing proportion of sun coffee within the landscape and increased as the amount of shade coffee increased. Furthermore, small mammals thrived in areas adjacent to forest patches and as the proportion of forested areas within the landscape increased. Our study indicates that while there is no substitute for native forest, shade coffee provides habitat for small non-volant mammals, particularly in comparison to sun coffee. Based on our findings, we recommend including shade trees, maintaining high amounts of canopy cover, and retaining lower strata vegetation (5 cm-1 m) within coffee farms. We also recommend preserving or reestablishing forested areas embedded within the coffee landscape to enhance small mammal diversity. Shade coffee shows promise as a conservation strategy to promote wildlife conservation and protect mammalian biodiversity. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Caudill, S. Amanda; Husband, Thomas P.] Univ RI, Dept Nat Resources Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [DeClerck, Fabrice J. A.] Biovers Int Agrabiodivers & Ecosyst Serv, F-34397 Montpellier 5, France. RP Caudill, SA (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk,MRC 5503, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM caudills@si.edu FU USDA International Science and Education Program; CGIAR program on Humidtropics FX We would like to thank those at CATIE, especially Johana Gamboa, for their support and assistance with logistics for the study. We would like to thank Dr. Liliana Gonzalez for her assistance with the statistical analyses. This study would not have been possible without the hard work of those who assisted in the field work: Chris Russell, Caroline Oswald, Maureen Thompson, Megan Banner, Leo Torres Campos, Allan Luna Chavez, Jesus Cerdo, Ricardo Cunha, Josh Burgoyne, Jon Erickson, Noe de la Sancha, Erick Velasquez, Quentin Crespel, Thomas Caleys, and Gilles Poupart. We would like to thank to farmers for their participation in the study and for allowing us access to their farms. We would also like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions on the manuscript. SAC and FDC received financial support from the USDA International Science and Education Program. FDC received additional support from the CGIAR program on Humidtropics. NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 62 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 199 BP 85 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2014.08.023 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AZ1RK UT WOS:000348015400010 ER PT J AU Babb, JF AF Babb, James F. TI STATE RESOLVED DATA FOR RADIATIVE ASSOCIATION OF H AND H+ AND FOR PHOTODISSOCIATION OF H-2(+) SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE early universe; molecular data; molecular processes; Sun: atmosphere; white dwarfs ID EARLY UNIVERSE; ATMOSPHERE; ABSORPTION; COLLISIONS; MOLECULE; ION AB The matrix elements and energies needed to calculate vibrational-rotational state resolved cross sections and rate coefficients for radiative association of H and H+ and for photodissociation of H-2(+) are presented for applications to simulations of chemistry in the early universe and to stellar atmospheres. C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Babb, JF (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, MS 14,60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM jbabb@cfa.harvard.edu OI Babb, James/0000-0002-3883-9501 FU NSF; Harvard University FX ITAMP is supported in part by a grant from the NSF to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and Harvard University. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 216 IS 1 AR 21 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/216/1/21 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AZ3LR UT WOS:000348129600021 ER PT J AU Bleem, LE Stalder, B Brodwin, M Busha, MT Gladders, MD High, FW Rest, A Wechsler, RH AF Bleem, L. E. Stalder, B. Brodwin, M. Busha, M. T. Gladders, M. D. High, F. W. Rest, A. Wechsler, R. H. TI A NEW REDUCTION OF THE BLANCO COSMOLOGY SURVEY: AN OPTICALLY SELECTED GALAXY CLUSTER CATALOG AND A PUBLIC RELEASE OF OPTICAL DATA PRODUCTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; surveys; techniques: photometric ID SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; 720 SQUARE DEGREES; X-RAY; PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; SCALING RELATIONS; RICH CLUSTERS; STELLAR LOCUS; FIELD SURVEY AB The Blanco Cosmology Survey is a four-band (griz) optical-imaging survey of similar to 80 deg(2) of the southern sky. The survey consists of two fields centered approximately at (R.A., decl.) = (23(h), -55 degrees) and (5(h)30(m), -53 degrees) with imaging sufficient for the detection of L-star galaxies at redshift z <= 1. In this paper, we present our reduction of the survey data and describe a new technique for the separation of stars and galaxies. We search the calibrated source catalogs for galaxy clusters at z <= 0.75 by identifying spatial over-densities of red-sequence galaxies and report the coordinates, redshifts, and optical richnesses, lambda , for 764 galaxy clusters at z <= 0.75. This sample, >85% of which are new discoveries, has a median redshift of z = 0.52 and median richness lambda (0.4L L-star) = 16.4. Accompanying this paper we also release full survey data products including reduced images and calibrated source catalogs. These products are available at http://data.rcc.uchicago.edu/dataset/blanco-cosmology-survey. C1 [Bleem, L. E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Bleem, L. E.; Gladders, M. D.; High, F. W.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Stalder, B.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brodwin, M.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Busha, M. T.; Wechsler, R. H.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Busha, M. T.; Wechsler, R. H.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Gladders, M. D.; High, F. W.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Rest, A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Wechsler, R. H.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Bleem, LE (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]; NSF Physics Frontier Center [PHY-0551142]; NSF [ANT-0638937, AST-1009649, MRI-0723073] FX The authors thank Michael Huff for assistance with flagging spurious objects in the source catalogs and Doug Rudd for his assistance setting up the online data access. L.B. thanks Tom Crawford for useful discussions. L.B. acknowledges support by the U.S. Department of Energy, Basic Energy Sciences, Office of Science, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357, the NSF Physics Frontier Center award PHY-0551142, and the NSF OPP award ANT-0638937. Galaxy cluster research at SAO is supported in part by NSF grants AST-1009649 and MRI-0723073. This research draws on data provided by NOAO PI 2005B-0043 as distributed by the NOAO Science Archive. NOAO is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), Inc. under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. Characterization of the new star-galaxy classifier was based on both data from both AEGIS (a multi-wavelength sky survey conducted with the Chandra, GALEX, Hubble, Keck, CFHT, MMT, Subaru, Palomar, Spitzer, VLA, and other telescopes and supported in part by the NSF, NASA, and the STFC) and on observations obtained with MegaPrime/MegaCam, a joint project of CFHT and CEA/DAPNIA, at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) which is operated by the National Research Council (NRC) of Canada, the Institut National des Science de l'Univers of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) of France, and the University of Hawaii. This work is based in part on data products produced at the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre as part of the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey, a collaborative project of NRC and CNRS. Additionally, this research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. Finally, the authors acknowledge the University of Chicago Research Computing Center for hosting the data products presented in this work. NR 70 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 216 IS 1 AR 20 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/216/1/20 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AZ3LR UT WOS:000348129600020 ER PT J AU Li, G Gordon, IE Rothman, LS Tan, Y Hu, SM Kassi, S Campargue, A Medvedev, ES AF Li, Gang Gordon, Iouli E. Rothman, Laurence S. Tan, Yan Hu, Shui-Ming Kassi, Samir Campargue, Alain Medvedev, Emile S. TI ROVIBRATIONAL LINE LISTS FOR NINE ISOTOPOLOGUES OF THE CO MOLECULE IN THE X-1 Sigma(+) GROUND ELECTRONIC STATE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE astronomical databases: miscellaneous; catalogs; methods: laboratory: molecular; molecular data; planets and satellites: atmospheres; stars: atmospheres ID DIPOLE-MOMENT FUNCTION; INCLUDING TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCES; REFERENCE SPECTROSCOPIC DATA; INTERNAL PARTITION SUMS; BROADENED HALF-WIDTHS; CARBON-MONOXIDE; (CO)-C-12-O-16 RELEVANT; HITRAN DATABASE; MU-M; ATMOSPHERIC SPECTRA AB Extensive rovibrational line lists were computed for nine isotopologues of the CO molecule, namely, 12C16O, (CO)-C-12-O-17, (CO)-C-12-O-18, (CO)-C-13-O-16, (CO)-C-13-O-17, (CO)-C-13-O-18, (CO)-C-14-O-16, (CO)-C-14-O-17, and (CO)-C-14-O-18 in the ground electronic state with v <= 41, Delta v <= 11, and J <= 150. The line intensity and position calculations were carried out using a newly determined piecewise dipole moment function (DMF) in conjunction with the wavefunctions calculated from an experimentally determined potential energy function from Coxon & Hajigeorgiou. A direct-fit method that simultaneously fits all the reliable experimental rovibrational matrix elements has been used to construct the dipole moment function near equilibrium internuclear distance. In order to extend the amount and quality of input experimental parameters, new Cavity Ring Down Spectroscopy experiments were carried out to enable measurements of the lines in the 4-0 band with low uncertainty as well as the first measurements of lines in the 6-0 band. A new high-level ab initio DMF, derived from a finite field approach has been calculated to cover internuclear distances far from equilibrium. Accurate partition sums have been derived for temperatures up to 9000 K. In addition to air-and self-induced broadening and shift parameters, those induced by CO2 and H-2 are now provided for planetary applications. A complete set of broadening and shift parameters was calculated based on sophisticated extrapolation of high-quality measured data. The line lists, which follow HITRAN formalism, are provided as supplementary material. C1 [Li, Gang; Gordon, Iouli E.; Rothman, Laurence S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Tan, Yan; Hu, Shui-Ming] Univ Sci & Technol China, Hefei Natl Lab Sci Microscale, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China. [Kassi, Samir; Campargue, Alain] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, Lab Interdisciplinaire Phys, UMR 5588, F-38402 St Martin Dheres, France. [Medvedev, Emile S.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Problems Chem Phys, Chernogolovka 142432, Russia. RP Li, G (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM igordon@cfa.harvard.edu RI Hu, Shuiming/C-4287-2008; Li, Gang/P-2272-2015 OI Hu, Shuiming/0000-0002-1565-8468; Li, Gang/0000-0002-5605-7896 FU NASA Planetary Atmospheres Grant [NNX10AB94G]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [12-03-00030a] FX We are very thankful to Professor R.J. Le Roy for providing us with potential energy functions of CO adapted to use with his program LEVEL. Dr. David Schwenke is thanked for the discussions regarding ab initio calculations. This work has been supported by NASA Planetary Atmospheres Grant NNX10AB94G. The grant from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (12-03-00030a) to Medvedev is also thanked. The authors at LIPhy are part of Labex OSUG@2020 (ANR10 LABX56). NR 74 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 28 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 216 IS 1 AR 15 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/216/1/15 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AZ3LR UT WOS:000348129600015 ER PT J AU Lim, D Han, SI Lee, YW Roh, DG Sohn, YJ Chun, SH Lee, JW Johnson, CI AF Lim, Dongwook Han, Sang-Il Lee, Young-Wook Roh, Dong-Goo Sohn, Young-Jong Chun, Sang-Hyun Lee, Jae-Woo Johnson, Christian I. TI LOW-RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY FOR THE GLOBULAR CLUSTERS WITH SIGNS OF SUPERNOVA ENRICHMENT: M22, NGC 1851, AND NGC 288 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: formation; globular clusters: general; globular clusters: individual (M22, NGC 1851, NGC 288, NGC 6397); stars: abundances ID RED GIANT BRANCH; MULTIPLE STELLAR POPULATIONS; DOUBLE SUBGIANT BRANCH; NA-O ANTICORRELATION; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; OMEGA-CENTAURI; ABUNDANCE VARIATIONS; HORIZONTAL-BRANCH; MILKY-WAY; CHEMICAL INHOMOGENEITY AB There is increasing evidence for the presence of multiple red giant branches (RGBs) in the color-magnitude diagrams of massive globular clusters (GCs). In order to investigate the origin of this split on the RGB, we have performed new narrow-band Ca photometry and low-resolution spectroscopy for M22, NGC 1851, and NGC 288. We find significant differences (more than 4 sigma) in calcium abundance from the spectroscopic HK' index for M22 and NGC 1851. We also find more than 8 sigma differences in CN-band strength between the Ca-strong and Ca-weak subpopulations for these GCs. For NGC 288, however, a large difference is detected only in the CN strength. The calcium abundances of RGB stars in this GC are identical to within the errors. This is consistent with the conclusion from our new Ca photometry where the RGB splits are confirmed in M22 and NGC 1851, but not in NGC 288. We also find interesting differences in the CN-CH correlations among these GCs. While CN and CH are anti-correlated in NGC 288, they show a positive correlation in M22. NGC 1851, however, shows no difference in CH between the two groups of stars with different CN strengths. We suggest that all of these systematic differences would be best explained by how strongly Type II supernovae enrichment has contributed to the chemical evolution of these GCs. C1 [Lim, Dongwook; Han, Sang-Il; Lee, Young-Wook; Roh, Dong-Goo] Yonsei Univ, Ctr Galaxy Evolut Res, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Lim, Dongwook; Lee, Young-Wook; Sohn, Young-Jong] Yonsei Univ, Dept Astron, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Roh, Dong-Goo] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst KASI, Taejon 305348, South Korea. [Chun, Sang-Hyun] Yonsei Univ Observ, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Lee, Jae-Woo] Sejong Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Seoul 143747, South Korea. [Johnson, Christian I.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Lim, D (reprint author), Yonsei Univ, Ctr Galaxy Evolut Res, Seoul 120749, South Korea. EM ywlee2@yonsei.ac.kr FU National Research Foundation of Korea [2010-0027910]; Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute under the RD program [2014-1-600-05]; Clay Fellowship FX We are grateful to the anonymous referee for a number of helpful suggestions. We also thank the staff of LCO for their support during the observations. Support for this work was provided by the National Research Foundation of Korea to the Center for Galaxy Evolution Research (No. 2010-0027910) and by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute under the R&D program (Project No. 2014-1-600-05) supervised by the Ministry of Science, ICT and future Planning. C.I.J. gratefully acknowledges support from the Clay Fellowship, administered by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. NR 94 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 216 IS 1 AR 19 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/216/1/19 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AZ3LR UT WOS:000348129600019 ER PT J AU Peterson, RC Kurucz, RL AF Peterson, Ruth C. Kurucz, Robert L. TI NEW Fe I LEVEL ENERGIES AND LINE IDENTIFICATIONS FROM STELLAR SPECTRA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE atomic data; line: identification; methods: laboratory: atomic; stars: individual (HD 29139, HD 72660, HD 76932, HD 85503, HD 94028, HD 124897, HD 140283, HD 157466, HD 160617, HD 165341, HD 184499, HD 211998, HD 217107); techniques: spectroscopic; ultraviolet: stars ID METAL-POOR STARS; SOLAR FOURIER-TRANSFORM; HIGHLY-EXCITED LEVELS; GRATING SPECTRA; MOLYBDENUM; TELESCOPE; ELEMENTS; LIBRARY; GALAXY AB The spectrum of the Fe I atom is critical to many areas of astrophysics and beyond. Measurements of the energies of its high-lying levels remain woefully incomplete, however, despite extensive laboratory and solar analysis. In this work, we use high-resolution archival absorption-line ultraviolet and optical spectra of stars whose warm temperatures favor moderate Fe I excitation. We derive the energy for a particular upper level in Kurucz's semiempirical calculations by adopting a trial value that yields the same wavelength for a given line predicted to be about as strong as that of a strong unidentified spectral line observed in the stellar spectra, then checking the new wavelengths of other strong predicted transitions that share the same upper level for coincidence with other strong observed unidentified lines. To date, this analysis has provided the upper energies of 66 Fe I levels. Many new energy levels are higher than those accessible to laboratory experiments; several exceed the Fe i ionization energy. These levels provide new identifications for over 2000 potentially detectable lines. Almost all of the new levels of odd parity include UV lines that were detected but unclassified in laboratory Fe i absorption spectra, providing an external check on the energy values. We motivate and present the procedure, provide the resulting new energy levels and their uncertainties, list all the potentially detectable UV and optical new Fe i line identifications and their gf values, point out new lines of astrophysical interest, and discuss the prospects for additional Fe i energy level determinations. C1 [Peterson, Ruth C.] SETI Inst & Astrophys Adv, Palo Alto, CA 94301 USA. [Kurucz, Robert L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Peterson, RC (reprint author), SETI Inst & Astrophys Adv, 607 Marion Pl, Palo Alto, CA 94301 USA. EM peterson@ucolick.org FU NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute under NASA [HST-AR-13263, NAS 526555] FX We thank Richard Monier for suggesting HD 72660 as a target and providing the far UV data, V. Smith and L. Ghezzi for providing the high-resolution HD 217107 Gemini-S spectrum, J. X. Prochaska for his reductions of the Keck HIRES data, and D. Silva and R. Hanuschik for the reduced UVES NGSL spectra. T. Ayres provided helpful information regarding STIS echelle dispersion solutions. We thank V. Hansteen for help with essential reference material, and the anonymous referee for a thorough and constructive review which improved the content and presentation of this paper. Support for this work under program number HST-AR-13263 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS 526555. Ground-based spectra are largely based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the Paranal Observatory with the UVES spectrograph under programs 065.L-0507(A), 072.B-0585( A), and 266.D-5655(A), and with the Keck Observatory HIRES spectrograph, under programs H6aH (PI: A. Boesgaard), N01H, N12H, and N13H (PI: D. Latham), U17H and U63H (PI: J. Prochaska), U35H (PI: A. Wolfe), and U44H (PI: M. Rich), as well as under programs GS-2066A-C-5 and GS-2006B-Q-47 at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership. This research has made use of the Keck Observatory Archive (KOA), which is operated by the W. M. Keck Observatory and the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute (NExScI), under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Space-based spectra are based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope under GO programs 7348, 7402, 8197, 9146, 9455, 9491, and 9804. These data were obtained from the HST and StarCat archives hosted by the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). IRAF is distributed by the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 216 IS 1 AR 1 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/216/1/1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AZ3LR UT WOS:000348129600001 ER PT J AU Shen, Y Brandt, WN Dawson, KS Hall, PB McGreer, ID Anderson, SF Chen, Y Denney, KD Eftekharzadeh, S Fan, X Gao, Y Green, PJ Greene, JE Ho, LC Horne, K Jiang, L Kelly, BC Kinemuchi, K Kochanek, CS Paris, I Peters, CM Peterson, BM Petitjean, P Ponder, K Richards, GT Schneider, DP Seth, A Smith, RN Strauss, MA Tao, C Trump, JR Wood-Vasey, WM Zu, Y Eisenstein, DJ Pan, K Bizyaev, D Malanushenko, V Malanushenko, E Oravetz, D AF Shen, Yue Brandt, W. N. Dawson, Kyle S. Hall, Patrick B. McGreer, Ian D. Anderson, Scott F. Chen, Yuguang Denney, Kelly D. Eftekharzadeh, Sarah Fan, Xiaohui Gao, Yang Green, Paul J. Greene, Jenny E. Ho, Luis C. Horne, Keith Jiang, Linhua Kelly, Brandon C. Kinemuchi, Karen Kochanek, Christopher S. Paris, Isabelle Peters, Christina M. Peterson, Bradley M. Petitjean, Patrick Ponder, Kara Richards, Gordon T. Schneider, Donald P. Seth, Anil Smith, Robyn N. Strauss, Michael A. Tao, Charling Trump, Jonathan R. Wood-Vasey, W. M. Zu, Ying Eisenstein, Daniel J. Pan, Kaike Bizyaev, Dmitry Malanushenko, Viktor Malanushenko, Elena Oravetz, Daniel TI THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY REVERBERATION MAPPING PROJECT: TECHNICAL OVERVIEW SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE black hole physics; galaxies: active; line: profiles; quasars: general; survey ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; BROAD-LINE REGION; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; QUASAR LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; HIGH ACCRETION RATES; VELOCITY-DELAY MAPS; DAMPED RANDOM-WALK; SEYFERT 1 GALAXIES; DATA RELEASE AB The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping (SDSS-RM) project is a dedicated multi-object RM experiment that has spectroscopically monitored a sample of 849 broad-line quasars in a single 7 deg(2) field with the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey spectrograph. The RM quasar sample is flux-limited to i(psf) = 21.7 mag, and covers a redshift range of 0.1 < z < 4.5 without any other cuts on quasar properties. Optical spectroscopy was performed during 2014 January-July dark/gray time, with an average cadence of similar to 4 days, totaling more than 30 epochs. Supporting photometric monitoring in the g and i bands was conducted at multiple facilities including the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) and the Steward Observatory Bok telescope in 2014, with a cadence of similar to 2 days and covering all lunar phases. The RM field (R.A., decl. = 14: 14:49.00, +53: 05: 00.0) lies within the CFHT-LS W3 field, and coincides with the Pan-STARRS 1 (PS1) Medium Deep Field MD07, with three prior years of multi-band PS1 light curves. The SDSS-RM six month baseline program aims to detect time lags between the quasar continuum and broad line region (BLR) variability on timescales of up to several months (in the observed frame) for similar to 10% of the sample, and to anchor the time baseline for continued monitoring in the future to detect lags on longer timescales and at higher redshift. SDSS-RM is the first major program to systematically explore the potential of RM for broad-line quasars at z > 0.3, and will investigate the prospects of RM with all major broad lines covered in optical spectroscopy. SDSS-RM will provide guidance on future multi-object RM campaigns on larger scales, and is aiming to deliver more than tens of BLR lag detections for a homogeneous sample of quasars. We describe the motivation, design, and implementation of this program, and outline the science impact expected from the resulting data for RM and general quasar science. C1 [Shen, Yue] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Shen, Yue] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Brandt, W. N.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Dawson, Kyle S.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [McGreer, Ian D.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Anderson, Scott F.; Chen, Yuguang] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Denney, Kelly D.; Eftekharzadeh, Sarah] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Fan, Xiaohui; Greene, Jenny E.] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Astron, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Gao, Yang; Greene, Jenny E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Horne, Keith; Kochanek, Christopher S.; Petitjean, Patrick] Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Kelly, Brandon C.; Peters, Christina M.; Ponder, Kara] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Engn Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Richards, Gordon T.; Zu, Ying] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Astrophys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wood-Vasey, W. M.] Tsinghua Univ, Key Lab Particle & Radiat Imaging, Minist Educ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Strauss, Michael A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Denney, Kelly D.; Paris, Isabelle] Univ St Andrews, SUPA Phys Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Green, Paul J.; Paris, Isabelle] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Zu, Ying] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93107 USA. [Hall, Patrick B.] Apache Point Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. [Chen, Yuguang; Ho, Luis C.; Petitjean, Patrick] New Mexico State Univ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. [Gao, Yang; Horne, Keith; Peters, Christina M.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & AstroParticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Jiang, Linhua; Paris, Isabelle; Ponder, Kara] Osserv Astron Trieste, INAF, I-34131 Trieste, Italy. [Strauss, Michael A.; Zu, Ying] Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Malanushenko, Elena; Oravetz, Daniel] Carnegie Observ, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Richards, Gordon T.; Malanushenko, Elena] CNRS, F-75014 Paris, France. [Bizyaev, Dmitry; Malanushenko, Elena] Univ Pittsburgh, Cosmol Ctr PITT PACC, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Bizyaev, Dmitry] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Ctr Phys Particules Marseille, IN2P3, F-13288 Marseille 09, France. [Richards, Gordon T.] Tsinghua Univ, Tsinghua Ctr Astrophys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. RP Shen, Y (reprint author), Carnegie Observ, 813 Santa Barbara St, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. RI Jiang, Linhua/H-5485-2016; OI Jiang, Linhua/0000-0003-4176-6486; Seth, Anil/0000-0003-0248-5470; Zu, Ying/0000-0001-6966-6925; Peters, Christina/0000-0003-4639-0211 FU NASA through Hubble Fellowship [HST-HF-51314.0]; Space Telescope Science Institute [NAS 5-26555]; NSF [AST-1108604, AST-1302093, AST-1008882]; Chinese Academy of Sciences from the Strategic Priority Research Program [XDB09030102]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11473002]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; CFHT Canadian, Chinese; French TACs; National Astronomical Observatories; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Ministry of Finance in China FX We thank the anonymous referee for useful comments, Aaron Barth and Shai Kaspi for suggestions that helped us improve the program design, and David Schlegel, Stephen Bailey, and Adam Bolton for help with the BOSS pipeline. Support for the work of Y.S. was provided by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant number HST-HF-51314.0, awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. W.N.B. acknowledges support from NSF grant AST-1108604. K.D.D. acknowledges support by the NSF through award AST-1302093. L.C.H. acknowledges support by the Chinese Academy of Sciences through grant No. XDB09030102 (Emergence of Cosmological Structures) from the Strategic Priority Research Program and by the National Natural Science Foundation of China through grant No. 11473002. B.M.P. acknowledges support from the NSF through grant AST-1008882.; Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/.; We thank the Bok and CFHT Canadian, Chinese, and French TACs for their support. This research uses data obtained through the Telescope Access Program (TAP), which is funded by the National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Special Fund for Astronomy from the Ministry of Finance in China. NR 103 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 216 IS 1 AR 4 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/216/1/4 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AZ3LR UT WOS:000348129600004 ER PT J AU Bak, J Liu, X Kim, JH Chance, K Haffner, DP AF Bak, J. Liu, X. Kim, J. H. Chance, K. Haffner, D. P. TI Validation of OMI total ozone retrievals from the SAO ozone profile algorithm and three operational algorithms with Brewer measurements SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTIONS; MONITORING INSTRUMENT; UV MEASUREMENTS; DOBSON; COLUMN; IMPACT AB The accuracy of total ozone computed from the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) optimal estimation (OE) ozone profile algorithm (SOE) applied to the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) is assessed through comparisons with ground-based Brewer spectrometer measurements from 2005 to 2008. We also compare the three OMI operational ozone products, derived from the NASA Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) algorithm, the KNMI (Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute) differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) algorithm, and KNMI's Optimal Estimation (KOE) algorithm. The best agreement is observed between SAO and Brewer, with a mean difference of within 1% at most individual stations. The KNMI OE algorithm systematically overestimates Brewer total ozone by 2% at low and mid-latitudes and 5% at high latitudes while the TOMS and DOAS algorithms underestimate it by similar to 1.65% on average. Standard deviations of similar to 1.8% are calculated for both SOE and TOMS, but DOAS and KOE have higher values of 2.2% and 2.6 %, respectively. The stability of the SOE algorithm is found to have insignificant dependence on viewing geometry, cloud parameters, or total ozone column. In comparison, the KOE-Brewer differences are significantly correlated with solar and viewing zenith angles and show significant deviations depending on cloud parameters and total ozone amount. The TOMS algorithm exhibits similar stability to SOE with respect to viewing geometry and total column ozone, but has stronger cloud parameter dependence. The dependence of DOAS on observational geometry and geophysical conditions is marginal compared to KOE, but is distinct compared to the SOE and TOMS algorithms. Comparisons of all four OMI products with Brewer show no apparent long-term drift, but seasonal features are evident, especially for KOE and TOMS. The substantial differences in the KOE vs. SOE algorithm performance cannot be sufficiently explained by the use of soft calibration (in SOE) and the use of different a priori error covariance matrices; however, other algorithm details cause fitting residuals larger by a factor of 2-3 for KOE. C1 [Bak, J.; Kim, J. H.] Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Pusan, South Korea. [Bak, J.; Kim, J. H.] BK21 Plus Sch Coastal Earth Environm, Seoul, South Korea. [Liu, X.; Chance, K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Haffner, D. P.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. RP Kim, JH (reprint author), Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Pusan, South Korea. EM jaekim@pusan.ac.kr RI Liu, Xiong/P-7186-2014 OI Liu, Xiong/0000-0003-2939-574X FU Eco Innovation Program of KEITI, South Korea [ARQ201204015]; NASA; Smithsonian Institution FX The Brewer ozone data used in this study were obtained though the WOUDC and SAUNA archive. The authors would like to thank the OMI science team for providing the satellite data and P. Veefkind and M. Koukouli for providing useful comments regarding the validation results. This research was supported by the Eco Innovation Program of KEITI (ARQ201204015), South Korea. Research at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory was funded by NASA and the Smithsonian Institution. NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2015 VL 15 IS 2 BP 667 EP 683 DI 10.5194/acp-15-667-2015 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AZ0TT UT WOS:000347958500007 ER PT J AU Rojas-Sandoval, J Acevedo-Rodriguez, P AF Rojas-Sandoval, Julissa Acevedo-Rodriguez, Pedro TI Naturalization and invasion of alien plants in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Alien flora; Biological invasions; Caribbean Islands; Invasive plants; Invasive status; Invasibility; Puerto Rican archipelago ID CONSERVATION PRIORITIES; BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS; SUCCESS; INVASIBILITY; TRAITS; INVASIVENESS; COMMUNITIES; ECOSYSTEMS; PATTERNS; IMPACTS AB A fundamental goal in invasion ecology is to identify and understand the factors explaining why some alien species become invasive when others fail. In this study we gathered data on taxonomy, invasive status, invasion history, geographic distribution, and biological and ecological traits of 1,032 alien plant species occurring on different habitats in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. These data were used to evaluate the relative importance of habitat and species attributes in influencing the likelihood of alien plants to become naturalized and subsequently invasive on these islands. Our results showed that alien species were more likely to become naturalized if they grow in semi-natural habitats, have large native distribution ranges, long residence time, were introduced for horticulture and have mixed breeding systems. On the other hand, naturalized species were more likely to become invasive if they were introduced for horticulture, behave as weeds, have tolerance to different climatic life-zones, thrive in ruderal habitats, have mixed breeding systems with hermaphroditic flowers, reproduce vegetatively and produce small seeds. Whereas some of these parameters were important for both transitions, others were important for either naturalization or invasion. Overall, our results emphasize the importance of studying different stages of the invasion process in order to understand the mechanisms explaining successful invasions rather than baseline approaches of simply comparing invasive with natives or noninvasive alien species. Understanding the process by which alien species become naturalized or invasive could provide a more objective and accurate approach for managing and predicting biological invasions. C1 [Rojas-Sandoval, Julissa; Acevedo-Rodriguez, Pedro] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Rojas-Sandoval, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM julirs07@gmail.com FU Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History; US Department of Agriculture through The National Invasive Species Council FX We thank M. T. Strong and J. Knight for reviewing earlier versions of the manuscript and D. Angles-Alcazar for valuable programming advice. This research was supported by grants from the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History and the US Department of Agriculture through The National Invasive Species Council. NR 79 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD JAN PY 2015 VL 17 IS 1 BP 149 EP 163 DI 10.1007/s10530-014-0712-3 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY4CW UT WOS:000347526800017 ER PT J AU Liu, XH Wang, TJ Wang, T Skidmore, AK Songer, M AF Liu, Xuehua Wang, Tiejun Wang, Ting Skidmore, Andrew K. Songer, Melissa TI How do two giant panda populations adapt to their habitats in the Qinling and Qionglai Mountains, China SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Driving forces; Foping Nature Reserve; Giant panda; Movement behavior; Wolong Nature Reserve ID FOPING-NATURE-RESERVE; AILUROPODA-MELANOLEUCA; HOUSE MOUSE; MOVEMENTS; SELECTION; BEHAVIOR AB The spatial separation of the Qinling Mountains from the western mountains has caused morphological and genetic distinctions of giant pandas. Could this separation also cause the pandas' behavior change? In this research, we focused on the pandas' movement pattern and selected two wild panda groups in Foping and Wolong Nature Reserves (NR) to represent the populations in the Qinling and Qionglai Mountains, respectively. We hypothesized that the Qinling pandas have developed a different seasonal movement pattern compared with the pandas in the western mountains. We analyzed the radio tracking data from two NRs by using GIS. Our results showed the following significant differences: (1) The Foping pandas live most of the year in the low elevation areas and move higher during June and remain through August while the Wolong pandas live most of the year in the high elevation areas and move lower in April and stay through June; (2) Comparing their low and high elevational areas shows the distinct spatial patterns between reserves, forming two obviously separated clusters in Foping but a single-compact cluster in Wolong; (3) Foping pandas move an average of 425 m +/- 147 s.d. daily, while Wolong pandas move an average of 550 m +/- 343 s.d. daily; and (4) Three habitat factors (i.e., terrain, temperature, and bamboo nutrient) were taken as the driving forces and analyzed, and they showed a strong support explanation to these different movement behaviors of pandas in two NRs. Our findings have important implications for management, for instance, it needs to be careful considering the behavior difference of the pandas when reintroducing them to the wild. C1 [Liu, Xuehua; Wang, Ting] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wang, Tiejun; Skidmore, Andrew K.] Univ Twente, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat ITC, Dept Nat Resources, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Songer, Melissa] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. RP Liu, XH (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM xuehua-hjx@tsinghua.edu.cn RI Skidmore, Andrew/C-7441-2011; Wang, Tiejun/A-4671-2010 OI Skidmore, Andrew/0000-0002-7446-8429; Wang, Tiejun/0000-0002-1138-8464 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [41271194]; SFA-CWCA's International Cooperation Project for Giant Panda Conservation [WH0633] FX We thank all the people who contributed in any way to make these valuable datasets available for further scientific researches but thanks especially to the Foping and Wolong Nature Reserves. This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) project (41271194) and the SFA-CWCA's International Cooperation Project for Giant Panda Conservation (No. WH0633). Thanks should also be given to Dr Pieter S. A. Beck (The Woods Hole Research Center, Falmouth MA02540, USA) for creating Fig. 6. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 33 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 EI 1614-7499 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 22 IS 2 BP 1175 EP 1185 DI 10.1007/s11356-014-3412-8 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AZ2EM UT WOS:000348047400041 PM 25119280 ER PT J AU Campbell, JE Lacey, EA Decker, RA Crooks, S Fourqurean, JW AF Campbell, J. E. Lacey, E. A. Decker, R. A. Crooks, S. Fourqurean, J. W. TI Carbon Storage in Seagrass Beds of Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Blue carbon; Carbon sequestration; Organic carbon; Soil C-org; Halophila stipulacea; Halophila ovalis; Halodule uninervis ID POSIDONIA-OCEANICA MEADOW; ORGANIC-MATTER; GULF; PRESERVATION; HABITATS; FLORIDA; ENERGY; SINK; FLOW; CO2 AB "Blue Carbon" initiatives have highlighted the significant role of seagrasses in organic carbon (C-org) burial and sequestration. However, global databases on the extent of C-org stocks in seagrass ecosystems are largely comprised of studies conducted in monospecific beds from a limited number of regions, thus potentially biasing global estimates. To better characterize carbon stocks in seagrass beds of varying structure and composition, and to further expand the current "Blue Carbon" database to under-represented regions, we evaluate the extent of C-org stocks in the relatively undocumented seagrass meadows of the Arabian Gulf. Surveys were conducted along the coast of Abu Dhabi (UAE) and encompassed sites ranging from sheltered embayments to offshore islands. Seagrass beds consisted of Halodule uninervis, Halophila ovalis and Halophila stipulacea. While seagrasses were widely distributed along the coast, both living and soil C-org stores were relatively modest on an areal basis. Total seagrass biomass ranged from 0.03 to 1.13 Mg C ha(-1), with a mean of 0.4 +/- 0.1 (+/- SEM), and soil C-org stocks (as estimated over the top meter) ranged from 1.9 to 109 Mg C ha(-1), with a mean of 49.1 +/- 7.0 (+/- SEM). However, owing to the expansive distribution of seagrasses in the Arabian Gulf, seagrass "Blue Carbon" stocks were large, with 400 Gg C stored in living seagrass biomass and 49.1 Tg C stored in soils. Thus, despite low C-org stores for any given location, the overall contribution of seagrass beds to carbon storage are relatively large given their extensive coverage. This research adds to a growing global dataset on carbon stocks and further demonstrates that even seagrass beds dominated by small-bodied species function to store carbon in coastal environments. C1 [Campbell, J. E.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Lacey, E. A.; Decker, R. A.; Fourqurean, J. W.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Lacey, E. A.; Decker, R. A.; Fourqurean, J. W.] Florida Int Univ, Southeast Environm Res Ctr, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Lacey, E. A.] Richard Stockton Coll New Jersey, Galloway, NJ 08205 USA. [Crooks, S.] Environm Sci Associates, San Francisco, CA 94108 USA. RP Campbell, JE (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. EM campbellju@si.edu OI Fourqurean, James/0000-0002-0811-8500 FU Blue Carbon Demonstration Project of the Abu Dhabi Global Environmental Data Initiative (AGEDI) FX This research was funded by the Blue Carbon Demonstration Project of the Abu Dhabi Global Environmental Data Initiative (AGEDI). We wish to thank and acknowledge H.E. Razan Khalifa Al Mubarak, Secretary General of Environment Agency-Abu Dhabi (EAD) and Dr. Fred Launay, Senior Advisor to the Secretary General and AGEDI Acting Director. Planning support, local knowledge, and field participation were provided by the EAD's Terrestrial and Marine Biodiversity Sector Marine Division, in particular Edwin Grandcourt, Himansu Das, Ibrahim Bulga, Ahmed Alanzi, Maitha Al Hameli, Hada Al Mahairbi and Mohammed Al Ali, and AGEDI's Ms. Jane Glavan, Ms. Huda Petra Shamayleh, and Ms. Larissa Owen. We acknowledge contributions of GRID-Arendal's Christian Neumann and Emma Corbett, and Steven Lutz and members of Blue Carbon science team, Patrick Megonigal, Boone Kauffman, and Lisa Schile. This is contribution number 659 from the Southeast Environmental Research Center at Florida International University. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 55 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 EI 1559-2731 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD JAN PY 2015 VL 38 IS 1 BP 242 EP 251 DI 10.1007/s12237-014-9802-9 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AY6MM UT WOS:000347680300020 ER PT J AU McMahon, SM Bebber, DP Butt, N Crockatt, M Kirby, K Parker, GG Riutta, T Slade, EM AF McMahon, Sean M. Bebber, Daniel P. Butt, Nathalie Crockatt, Martha Kirby, Keith Parker, Geoffrey G. Riutta, Terhi Slade, Eleanor M. TI Ground based LiDAR demonstrates the legacy of management history to canopy structure and composition across a fragmented temperate woodland SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Canopy structure; LiDAR; Forest fragments; Land-use history; Secondary forest; Wytham Woods ID ACER-PSEUDOPLATANUS L.; TROPICAL FOREST; GROWTH; REGENERATION; UNDERSTOREY; LIGHT; GAPS AB The structure of forest canopies correlates with stand maturity and biomass, and develops consistently over time. Remote-sensing technologies such as Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) have become prominent tools for measuring structural characteristics of forests. We walked a portable canopy LiDAR (PCL), an up-facing rangefinder that detects vegetation through the canopy at two kilohertz, along multiple transects at ten different forest stands in the area of Wytham Woods, Oxfordshire, UK. The stands had different species composition, were situated at forest edges and in forest core, were in fragments of different sizes and had different land-use histories. With these data we tested structural differences in vegetation across these stand types. Although none of the stands have been managed in the last 70 years, they have not converged structurally. Vertical canopy structure differed between stands that regrew naturally from open field and those with a history of coppice management. Forest stands that have developed following major fellings or through spread on to former grazing land showed some structural similarities to classic natural succession from large disturbances. Stands that were actively managed as coppice over preceding centuries, showed a similar structural pattern to mature forest, but without the tall overstorey that can develop into old growth communities. This structural divergence indicates two distinct pathways for secondary forests: with implications for the future biomass, stand structure, and species composition. The legacy of management practices can determine canopy structure decades after the forest is removed from active management, but can also be difficult to discern with remote sensing data. We recommend that "ground-truthing" remote sensing data go beyond traditional checks of height and topography, as the history and composition of secondary forests can have an important influence on the pace and compositional structure of recovery from management. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [McMahon, Sean M.; Parker, Geoffrey G.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21307 USA. [Bebber, Daniel P.] Univ Exeter, Dept Biosci, Exeter EX11 1DT, Devon, England. [Butt, Nathalie] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Environm De, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [Crockatt, Martha] Earthwatch Inst, Oxford, England. [Kirby, Keith] Univ Oxford, Dept Plant Sci, Oxford, England. [Butt, Nathalie; Crockatt, Martha; Riutta, Terhi] Univ Oxford, Sch Geog & Environm, Environm Change Inst, Oxford OX1 3QY, England. [Slade, Eleanor M.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Wildlife Conservat Res Unit, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. RP McMahon, SM (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21307 USA. EM mcmahons@si.edu OI Parker, Geoffrey/0000-0001-7055-6491; Slade, Eleanor/0000-0002-6108-1196 NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 335 BP 255 EP 260 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.08.039 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AY7KT UT WOS:000347739900024 ER PT J AU Shurakov, A Tong, CYE Grimes, P Blundell, R Golt'sman, G AF Shurakov, Alexander Tong, Cheuk-yu Edward Grimes, Paul Blundell, Raymond Golt'sman, Gregory TI A Microwave Reflection Readout Scheme for Hot Electron Bolometric Direct Detector SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TERAHERTZ SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology (ISSTT) CY APR 27-30, 2014 CL Moscow, RUSSIA DE Hot electron bolometer (HEB); microwave readout; superconducting detector; THz detector AB In this paper, we propose and present data from a fast THz detector based on the repurpose of hot electron bolometer mixers (HEB) fabricated from superconducting NbN thin film. This detector is essentially a traditional NbN bolometer element that operates under the influence of a microwave pump. The injected microwave power serves the dual purpose of enhancing the detector sensitivity and reading out the impedance changes of the device in response to incident THz radiation. We have measured an optical Noise Equivalent Power of 4 pW/root Hz for our detector at a bath temperature of 4.2 K. The measurement frequency was 0.83 THz and the modulation frequency was 1.48 kHz. The readout scheme is versatile and facilitates both high-speed operation as well as multi-pixel applications. C1 [Shurakov, Alexander; Golt'sman, Gregory] Moscow State Pedag Univ, Moscow 119435, Russia. [Shurakov, Alexander; Tong, Cheuk-yu Edward; Grimes, Paul; Blundell, Raymond] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Shurakov, A (reprint author), Moscow State Pedag Univ, Moscow 119435, Russia. EM etong@cfa.harvard.edu; pgrimes@cfa.harvard.edu; rblundell@cfa.harvard.edu; goltsman@mspu-phys.ru OI Tong, Edward/0000-0002-7736-4203 FU Ministry of Science and Education of Russia [14.B25.31.0007]; President Grant for Government Support of the Leading Scientific Schools of the Russian Federation [1918.2014.2] FX This work was supported in part by the Ministry of Science and Education of Russia under Contract 14.B25.31.0007 and President Grant for Government Support of the Leading Scientific Schools of the Russian Federation under Grant 1918.2014.2. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-342X J9 IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN JI IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 5 IS 1 BP 81 EP 84 DI 10.1109/TTHZ.2014.2370736 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA AZ3KB UT WOS:000348124900014 ER PT J AU Leather, SR Basset, Y Didham, RK AF Leather, Simon R. Basset, Yves Didham, Raphael K. TI Expanding horizons and widening participation in Insect Conservation and Diversity SO INSECT CONSERVATION AND DIVERSITY LA English DT Editorial Material ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; EXTINCTION; WESTERN C1 [Leather, Simon R.] Harper Adams Univ, Dept Crop & Environm Sci, Newport, Shrops, England. [Basset, Yves] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Didham, Raphael K.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Anim Biol, Crawley, WA, Australia. [Didham, Raphael K.] CSIRO Land & Water Flagship, Ctr Environm & Life Sci, Floreat, WA, Australia. RP Leather, SR (reprint author), Harper Adams Univ, Dept Crop & Environm Sci, Newport, Shrops, England. RI Basset, Yves/B-6642-2014; Didham, Raphael/B-5953-2011; OI Leather, Simon/0000-0003-3007-8514 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1752-458X EI 1752-4598 J9 INSECT CONSERV DIVER JI Insect. Conserv. Divers. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 8 IS 1 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1111/icad.12107 PG 2 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Entomology GA AY8BU UT WOS:000347780300001 ER PT J AU Martin-Drumel, MA van Wijngaarden, J Zingsheim, O Lewen, F Harding, ME Schlemmer, S Thorwirth, S AF Martin-Drumel, M. A. van Wijngaarden, J. Zingsheim, O. Lewen, F. Harding, M. E. Schlemmer, S. Thorwirth, S. TI Millimeter- and submillimeter-wave spectroscopy of disulfur dioxide, OSSO SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Pure rotation; Sulfur oxide; S2O2; Radio frequency discharge; Quantum chemical calculations; Molecular structure ID CORRELATED MOLECULAR CALCULATIONS; GAUSSIAN-BASIS SETS; RICH OXIDES SNO; EQUILIBRIUM STRUCTURE; 2ND DERIVATIVES; ROTATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; MICROWAVE-SPECTRUM; MANY-BODY; ORION KL; S2O2 AB The millimeter-wave spectrum of the cis conformer of disulfur dioxide, cis-OSSO, has been recorded in this study in the ranges 70-120 GHz and 340-500 GHz. Transitions of its second most abundant isotopologue, (OSSO)-S-34, have also been observed. The species was produced in a radio frequency discharge through flowing SO2. An improved set of molecular parameters has been derived from the newly recorded data, allowing for accurate predictions throughout the millimeter-wave region and into the submillimeter-wave domain. Quantum-chemical calculations at the coupled-cluster level of theory have also been performed, providing an accurate set of structural parameters of this species for comparison with experimentally derived values. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Martin-Drumel, M. A.; Zingsheim, O.; Lewen, F.; Schlemmer, S.; Thorwirth, S.] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [van Wijngaarden, J.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Chem, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Harding, M. E.] KIT, Inst Nanotechnol, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany. RP Martin-Drumel, MA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mmartin@cfa.harvard.edu; sthorwirth@ph1.uni-koeln.de RI Harding, Michael/B-3366-2009; Schlemmer, Stephan/E-2903-2015; Thorwirth, Sven/C-6217-2011; OI Harding, Michael/0000-0002-3633-493X; Schlemmer, Stephan/0000-0002-1421-7281; Thorwirth, Sven/0000-0001-8200-6710; Martin-Drumel, Marie-Aline/0000-0002-5460-4294 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SFB 956]; DFG [TH 1301/3-2] FX We thank H.S.P. Muller and M.C. McCarthy for helpful comments on the manuscript. The present work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through Grant SFB 956. S.T. gratefully acknowledges funding from the DFG through Grant TH 1301/3-2. We also thank the Regional Computing Center of the Universitat zu Koln (RRZK) for providing computing time on the DFG-funded High Performance Computing (HPC) system CHEOPS. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2852 EI 1096-083X J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 307 BP 33 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.jms.2014.11.007 PG 7 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA AZ5EZ UT WOS:000348244500007 ER PT J AU DiCanio, C Nam, H Amith, JD Garcia, RC Whalen, DH AF DiCanio, Christian Nam, Hosung Amith, Jonathan D. Garcia, Rey Castillo Whalen, D. H. TI Vowel variability in elicited versus spontaneous speech: Evidence from Mixtec SO JOURNAL OF PHONETICS LA English DT Article DE Style; Vowels; Dispersion; Variability; Endangered languages; Forced alignment; Mixtec ID COARTICULATION; REDUCTION; LANGUAGE; DURATION; ENGLISH; DISCRIMINATION; INFORMATION; PERSPECTIVE; PROMINENCE; REDUNDANCY AB This study investigates the influence of speech style, duration, contextual factors, and sex on vowel dispersion and variability in Yoloxochitl Mixtec, an endangered language spoken in Mexico. Oral vowels were examined from recordings of elicited citation words and spontaneous narrative speech matched across seven speakers. Results show spontaneous speech to contain shorter vowel durations and stronger effects of contextual assimilation than elicited speech. The vowel space is less disperse and there is greater intra-vowel variability in spontaneous speech than in elicited speech. Furthermore, male speakers show smaller differences in vowel dispersion and duration across styles than female speakers do. These phonetic differences across speech styles are not entirely reducible to durational differences; rather, speakers also seem to adjust their articulatory/acoustic precision in accordance with style. Despite the stylistic differences, we find robust acoustic differences between vowels in spontaneous speech, maintaining the overall vowel space pattern. While style and durational changes produce noticeable differences in vowel acoustics, one can closely approximate the phonetics of a vowel system of an endangered language from narrative speech. Elicited speech is likelier to give the most extreme formants used by the language than is spontaneous speech, but the usefulness of phonetic data from spontaneous speech has still been demonstrated. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [DiCanio, Christian; Nam, Hosung; Whalen, D. H.] Haskins Labs Inc, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Nam, Hosung] Korea Univ, Dept English Language & Literature, Seoul 136701, South Korea. [Amith, Jonathan D.] Gettysburg Coll, Dept Anthropol, Gettysburg, PA 17325 USA. [Amith, Jonathan D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Garcia, Rey Castillo] Secretaria Educ Pabl, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, Mexico. [Whalen, D. H.] CUNY, Grad Ctr, Speech Language Hearing Sci Program, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP DiCanio, C (reprint author), Haskins Labs Inc, 300 George St,Suite 900, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. EM dicanio@haskins.yale.edu; nam@haskins.yale.edu; jonamith@gmail.com; castagr@hotmail.com; whalen@haskins.yale.edu OI DiCanio, Christian/0000-0001-9164-188X; Whalen, Doug/0000-0003-3974-0084 FU Hans Rausing Endangered Language Programme Grant [MDP0201]; NSF Grant [0966462, 0966411] FX The first two authors listed contributed equally to the current manuscript. The YM corpus was elicited by Castillo Garcia, Amith, and DiCanio with support from Hans Rausing Endangered Language Programme Grant MDP0201 (Amith, PI) and NSF Grant 0966462 (Amith, PI). The authors would like to thank Leandro DiDomenico at Universite Lyon 2 for his help with transcription labelling of the elicited speech corpus. This work was supported by NSF Grant 0966411 to Haskins Laboratories (Whalen, PI). NR 69 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0095-4470 J9 J PHONETICS JI J. Phon. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 48 SI SI BP 45 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.wocn.2014.10.003 PG 15 WC Linguistics; Language & Linguistics SC Linguistics GA CA0QB UT WOS:000348620700004 ER PT J AU Stuart-Smith, RD Bates, AE Lefcheck, JS Duffy, JE Baker, SC Thomson, RJ Stuart-Smith, JF Hill, NA Kininmonth, SJ Airoldi, L Becerro, MA Campbell, SJ Dawson, TP Navarrete, SA Soler, G Strain, EMA Willis, TJ Edgar, GJ AF Stuart-Smith, Rick D. Bates, Amanda E. Lefcheck, Jonathan S. Duffy, J. Emmett Baker, Susan C. Thomson, Russell J. Stuart-Smith, Jemina F. Hill, Nicole A. Kininmonth, Stuart J. Airoldi, Laura Becerro, Mikel A. Campbell, Stuart J. Dawson, Terence P. Navarrete, Sergio A. Soler, German Strain, Elisabeth M. A. Willis, Trevor J. Edgar, Graham J. TI The potential of trait-based approaches to contribute to marine conservation SO MARINE POLICY LA English DT Article DE Evenness; Functional diversity; Macroecology; Marine fish; Reef ecosystems; Underwater visual census (UVC) ID SPECIES-DIVERSITY; FISH ASSEMBLAGES; ABUNDANCE; HOTSPOTS; ECOLOGY; SOUTH AB The value of diversity metrics to represent ecological communities and inform broad-scale conservation objectives and policy has often been subject to debate and uncertainty [1,2]. In practice, diversity metrics are important in setting management and conservation priorities, just as economic indices contribute to global monetary and financial policies. Thus, key challenges for ecologists are to identify new ways to view and summarise patterns in biodiversity and improve on the metrics available for management purposes. In a recent paper on functional diversity patterns in reef fishes [3], we highlighted the potential of new insights gained from functional trait-based approaches to inform marine management, stressing the need to develop and refine biodiversity measures that are linked to ecology (rather than taxonomy). We used a unique, fisheries-independent reef fish identity and abundance dataset, collected using standardised methods from equatorial to high latitude regions all over the world, to provide the first global view of the distribution of individuals amongst species (including a measure of evenness) and functional traits amongst marine communities. A recent paper by Robinson et al. [4] published in Marine Policy criticised the use of our evenness index as a measure of biodiversity, and questioned the use of functional trait-based metrics derived from surveys of standardised areas for decisions relating to broad-scale management of marine systems. In this paper we respond to Robinson et al. and rebut their claims related to sampling bias and broad-scale applicability of trait-based approaches. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Stuart-Smith, Rick D.; Thomson, Russell J.; Stuart-Smith, Jemina F.; Hill, Nicole A.; Soler, German; Strain, Elisabeth M. A.; Edgar, Graham J.] Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Bates, Amanda E.] Univ Southampton, Natl Oceanog Ctr Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England. [Lefcheck, Jonathan S.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. [Duffy, J. Emmett] Smithsonian Inst, Tennenbaum Marine Observ Network, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Baker, Susan C.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Biol Sci, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Kininmonth, Stuart J.] Stockholm Univ, Stockholm Resilience Ctr, SE-11419 Stockholm, Sweden. [Airoldi, Laura] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Sci Biol Geol & Ambientali, I-163148123 Ravenna, Italy. [Airoldi, Laura] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA. [Becerro, Mikel A.] CSIC, Nat Prod & Agrobiol Inst IPNA, Tenerife 38206, Canary Islands, Spain. [Campbell, Stuart J.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Indonesia Marine Program, Bogor Jawa Barat 16151, Indonesia. [Dawson, Terence P.] Univ Dundee, Sch Environm, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland. [Navarrete, Sergio A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Estn Costera Invest Marinas, Santiago, Chile. [Navarrete, Sergio A.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Ctr Marine Conservat, Santiago, Chile. [Willis, Trevor J.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Marine Sci, Portsmouth PO4 9LY, Hants, England. RP Stuart-Smith, RD (reprint author), Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Private Bag 49, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. RI Thomson, Russell/H-5653-2012; Dawson, Terence/E-4724-2011; OI Thomson, Russell/0000-0003-4949-4120; Dawson, Terence/0000-0002-4314-1378; Becerro, Mikel/0000-0002-6047-350X; Kininmonth, Stuart/0000-0001-9198-3396; Lefcheck, Jonathan/0000-0002-8787-1786; Wilis, Trevor/0000-0002-0357-1189 NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-597X EI 1872-9460 J9 MAR POLICY JI Mar. Pol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 51 BP 148 EP 150 DI 10.1016/j.marpol.2014.07.002 PG 3 WC Environmental Studies; International Relations SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations GA AZ1MS UT WOS:000348003700017 ER PT J AU Gotzek, D Axen, HJ Suarez, AV Cahan, SH Shoemaker, D AF Gotzek, Dietrich Axen, Heather J. Suarez, Andrew V. Cahan, Sara Helms Shoemaker, Dewayne TI Global invasion history of the tropical fire ant: a stowaway on the first global trade routes SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE biogeography; fire ant; global trade; invasion biology; Solenopsis geminata ID SOLENOPSIS-GEMINATA HYMENOPTERA; APPROXIMATE BAYESIAN COMPUTATION; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; PHYLOGENETIC TREES; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; WORLDWIDE SPREAD; DISCRIMINANT-ANALYSIS; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPES; MICROSATELLITE LOCI AB Biological invasions are largely thought to be contemporary, having recently increased sharply in the wake of globalization. However, human commerce had already become global by the mid-16th century when the Spanish connected the New World with Europe and Asia via their Manila galleon and West Indies trade routes. We use genetic data to trace the global invasion of one of the world's most widespread and invasive pest ants, the tropical fire ant, Solenopsis geminata. Our results reveal a pattern of introduction of Old World populations that is highly consistent with historical trading routes suggesting that Spanish trade introduced the tropical fire ant to Asia in the 16th century. We identify southwestern Mexico as the most likely source for the invasive populations, which is consistent with the use of Acapulco as the major Spanish port on the Pacific Ocean. From there, the Spanish galleons brought silver to Manila, which served as a hub for trade with China. The genetic data document a corresponding spread of S.geminata from Mexico via Manila to Taiwan and from there, throughout the Old World. Our descriptions of the worldwide spread of S.geminata represent a rare documented case of a biological invasion of a highly invasive and globally distributed pest species due to the earliest stages of global commerce. C1 [Gotzek, Dietrich; Suarez, Andrew V.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gotzek, Dietrich; Suarez, Andrew V.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gotzek, Dietrich] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Axen, Heather J.; Cahan, Sara Helms] Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Shoemaker, Dewayne] USDA ARS, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Gotzek, D (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM dgotzek@uga.edu FU NSF [DEB 1020979]; USDA APHIS [292 AG 11-8130-0068-CA] FX We thank the following scientists and institutions for generously contributing specimens: B. Hoffman, K.L. Heong and the International Rice Research Institute, S. Hasin, V. Framenau and the Western Australian Museum, W. Tschinkel, J. Longino, S. C-C. Yang, L. van Aesch, D. Cherix, L. Davis, J. Orivel, B. Fisher, E. LeBrun, H. Herrerra, R. Arauco, K. Ross, and the National Museum of Natural History for sharing samples. E. Caroll kindly provided assistance in the laboratory. M. Ciolek pointed out important literature. K. Ross, J. Wetterer and three anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript with helpful comments and discussions. A. V. S. and D.G. gratefully acknowledge financial support from NSF (DEB 1020979) and USDA APHIS (292 AG 11-8130-0068-CA). NR 129 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 7 U2 84 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 24 IS 2 BP 374 EP 388 DI 10.1111/mec.13040 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AZ2KC UT WOS:000348061600009 PM 25496038 ER PT J AU Rader, JA Dillon, ME Chesser, RT Sabat, P del Rio, CM AF Rader, Jonathan A. Dillon, Michael E. Chesser, R. Terry Sabat, Pablo del Rio, Carlos Martinez TI Morphological divergence in a continental adaptive radiation: South American ovenbirds of the genus Cinclodes SO AUK LA English DT Article DE adaptive radiation; ancestral character state reconstruction; Furnariidae; morphology; phylogenetic analysis ID MARINE FOOD RESOURCES; BODY-SIZE; OSMOREGULATORY PHYSIOLOGY; CARIBBEAN ANOLES; CARBON ISOTOPES; FURNARIIDAE; EVOLUTION; AVES; PASSERIFORMES; SONGBIRDS AB Cinclodes is an ecologically diverse genus of South American passerine birds and represents a case of continental adaptive radiation along multiple axes. We investigated morphological diversification in Cinclodes using a comprehensive set of morphometric measurements of study skins. Principal component analysis identified 2 primary axes of morphological variation: one describing body size and a second capturing differences in wing-tip shape and toe length. Phylogenetic analyses of the first principal component suggest an early divergence of Cinclodes into 2 main clades characterized by large and small body sizes. We suggest that 2 morphological outliers within these main clades (C. antarcticus and C. palliatus) may be cases of island gigantism and that a third (C. patagonicus) may reflect ecological character displacement. Despite its ecological and physiological diversity, the genus Cinclodes does not appear to show morphological diversity beyond what is typical of other avian genera. C1 [Rader, Jonathan A.; Dillon, Michael E.; del Rio, Carlos Martinez] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Dillon, Michael E.; del Rio, Carlos Martinez] Univ Wyoming, Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Chesser, R. Terry] Smithsonian Inst, US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Sabat, Pablo] Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias, Dept Ciencias Ecol, Santiago, Chile. [Sabat, Pablo] Ctr Appl Ecol & Sustainabil CAPES, Santiago, Chile. RP Rader, JA (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM jrader@live.unc.edu FU National Science Foundation [IOS-44362] FX We thank the curators and staff of the bird collections of the American Museum of Natural History, the Field Museum of Natural History, the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution), and the Louisiana State University Museum of Natural History for access to collections and invaluable assistance with data acquisition. We also thank S. Newsome for comments on the initial design of our study. C. Benkman, S. Albeke, and two anonymous reviewers provided comments that greatly improved the manuscript. S. Albeke assisted with data management, and B. Hansen aided in data collection. Funding for this work was provided by National Science Foundation grant IOS-44362 to C. M. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 21 PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0004-8038 EI 1938-4254 J9 AUK JI AUK PD JAN PY 2015 VL 132 IS 1 BP 180 EP 190 DI 10.1642/AUK-14-49.1 PG 11 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA AY8JG UT WOS:000347799300017 ER PT J AU Luttrell, SAM Gonzalez, ST Lohr, B Greenberg, R AF Luttrell, Sarah A. M. Gonzalez, Sara T. Lohr, Bernard Greenberg, Russell TI Digital photography quantifies plumage variation and salt marsh melanism among Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia) subspecies of the San Francisco Bay SO AUK LA English DT Article DE digital photography; plumage evolution; salt marsh melanism; Song Sparrow; subspecies ID PLAIN SWAMP SPARROW; GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; DIFFERENTIATION; EVOLUTION; ADAPTATION; SPECIATION; AVES; COLORATION; DIVERSITY AB Local adaptation is often implicated as a driver of speciation and diversity, but measuring local variation within a species can be difficult. Many taxa endemic to salt marshes exhibit a phenotypic trait called salt marsh melanism, in which salt marsh endemics have a darker or grayer integument than their freshwater congeners. The repeated occurrence of salt marsh melanism across distantly related taxa in similar environments suggests a role for local selection in maintaining this trait. We quantitatively explored variation in plumage characteristics for four subspecies of the Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia) in the San Francisco Bay area. These subspecies are restricted to habitats of varying salinity and climate, and are considered a classic example of ecologically based variation on a local scale. To analyze plumage color, we employed a digital photographic technique which was quantitative, able to deal with pattern variation, and independent of a particular visual system. Although no single plumage measure distinguished among all four subspecies, combining the measures allowed reliable assignment of most specimens. Using a discriminant analysis with five measures of plumage color, we were able to classify 75% of specimens to the correct subspecies, well above the 25% correct classification expected due to chance. The three subspecies inhabiting more saline environments (M. m. pusillula, M. m. samuelis, and M. m. maxillaris) were either darker (lower luminance) or grayer (lower red dominance) than the inland subspecies M. m. gouldii, supporting the pattern of salt marsh melanism observed in other taxa. C1 [Luttrell, Sarah A. M.; Lohr, Bernard] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Biol Sci, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Gonzalez, Sara T.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY USA. [Greenberg, Russell] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Luttrell, SAM (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Biol Sci, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. EM manor1@umbc.edu NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0004-8038 EI 1938-4254 J9 AUK JI AUK PD JAN PY 2015 VL 132 IS 1 BP 277 EP 287 DI 10.1642/AUK-14-107.1 PG 11 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA AY8JG UT WOS:000347799300024 ER PT J AU Barclay, RS Rioux, M Meyer, LB Bowring, SA Johnson, KR Miller, IM AF Barclay, Richard S. Rioux, Matthew Meyer, Laura B. Bowring, Samuel A. Johnson, Kirk R. Miller, Ian M. TI High precision U-Pb zircon geochronology for Cenomanian Dakota Formation floras in Utah SO CRETACEOUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Zircon U-Pb geochronology; Paleobotany; Ocean Anoxic Event 2; mid-Cretaceous; Dakota Formation; Paleoclimate ID ANOXIC EVENT 2; CRETACEOUS-TERTIARY BOUNDARY; WESTERN INTERIOR BASIN; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; TURONIAN BOUNDARY; EARLY ANGIOSPERM; FORELAND-BASIN; AR-40/AR-39 GEOCHRONOLOGY; SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY; VEGETATIVE MORPHOLOGY AB The Cretaceous Dakota Formation on and near the Colorado Plateau represents the time-transgressive shoreline deposits of the Western Interior Seaway and is a rich repository of fossil plants and animals. However, given the basin architecture and depositional setting, correlations between localities are difficult without geochronology. Here we present new high precision ID-TIMS U-Pb zircon dates from five air-fall ash deposits from Westwater (n = 3) and Henrieville (n = 2) that obey stratigraphic superposition and precisely constrain the ages of these two floras. Three air-fall ashes from the Westwater locality record weighted mean Th-corrected Pb-206/U-238 dates of 97.949 +/- 0.037/0.12 Ma, 97.943 +/- 0.023/0.12 Ma, and 97.601 +/- 0.049/0.13 Ma, providing the first U-Pb dates from this locality. Two ash beds from the Henrieville locality record weighted mean Th-corrected (206)pb/U-238 dates of 95.070 +/- 0.036/0.12 Ma and 94.879 +/- 0.032/0.11 Ma. The new dates indicate that the two floras are separated by ca 2.5 Ma and are both within the Cenomanian. The assemblage of fossil plants collected from the mudstone and ash-bed localities at Westwater show no compositional overlap, despite the presence of 28 distinct morphotypes. This lack of compositional overlap is repeated between the mudstone facies from the Westwater and Henrieville localities, where two different morphotypes of "Liriodendron" are the taxa in common. The species incongruence at Westwater is likely due to rapid colonization of early successional plants post deposition of the volcanic ash. For the mudstone floras at Westwater and Henrieville, the different floral composition may be due to rapid species evolution during the rise of angiosperms, the influence of climate in the mid-Cretaceous, the expression of high regional diversity of localities separated by 300 km, or a highly partitioned floodplain vegetation. Estimated sediment accumulation rates from the new radioisotopic dates, combined with existing proxy records for pCO(2), suggest that the rise in pCO(2) preceding Ocean Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2) began 513 ka (range from 384 to 641 ka) prior to the positive delta C-13 excursion that defines the event. This estimate from terrestrial rocks is within error of estimates for the timing of changes in delta S-34(sulfate) (570 ka; range from 420 to 814 ka) in marine sections at the GSSP for the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary. The overlap indicates synchronous perturbation of marine and terrestrial environments related to an increase in pCO(2) prior to the onset of OAE2, providing further support for the volcanic initiation hypothesis. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Barclay, Richard S.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Rioux, Matthew; Meyer, Laura B.; Bowring, Samuel A.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Johnson, Kirk R.; Miller, Ian M.] Denver Museum Nat & Sci, Dept Earth Sci, Denver, CO 80205 USA. [Rioux, Matthew] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Barclay, RS (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, NHB121, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM barclay.rich@gmail.com RI Rioux, Matthew/I-2500-2012 FU Colorado Department of Transportation; NSF [EAR-0642838, EAR-0643158]; Peter Buck Fellowship Endowment at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C FX We would like to thank Mark Kirschbaum (USGS) for assistance in placing the unpublished 40Ar/39Ar dates from Henrieville, Utah into their proper stratigraphic position. Many individuals at DMNS should be thanked for help with collecting, preparing, and morphotyping the flora. Howard and Darlene Emry were the principal collectors of the specimens from Westwater. The "Leaf Whackers" prepared the leaf fossils at DMNS, allowing the fossils to be fully exposed and more easily identified. Michele Reynolds and Nicole Boyle of DMNS made considerable progress (a decade ago) towards morphotyping the floras, funded in part by a grant from the Colorado Department of Transportation. Doug Kline and Sarah Maccracken of DMNS are thanked for their assistance in the final stages of morphotyping the flora. David Ulicny provided locality information for his East and West sections at Henrieville, allowing for precise correlation of the fossil and ash material into his stratigraphic framework. We would also like to thank reviewers Daniel Peppe and Greg Ludvigson for their very helpful comments. This work was supported by NSF grants EAR-0642838 and EAR-0643158, awarded to Johnson and Bowring, respectively. Sample collection was part of a field excursion for MIT first year students (DEAPS) led by Johnson, Miller, and Bowring and supported by the MIT Department of EAPS. RSB acknowledges current stipend funding from the Peter Buck Fellowship Endowment at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. NR 152 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6671 EI 1095-998X J9 CRETACEOUS RES JI Cretac. Res. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 52 BP 213 EP 237 DI 10.1016/j.cretres.2014.08.006 PN A PG 25 WC Geology; Paleontology SC Geology; Paleontology GA AY6GY UT WOS:000347666300018 ER PT J AU Jawad, LA Pitassy, DE AF Jawad, L. A. Pitassy, D. E. TI Record of lattice blaasop, Takifugu oblongus (Bloch, 1786) from the Sea of Oman SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ICHTHYOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 [Pitassy, D. E.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Div Fishes, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Jawad, LA (reprint author), 4 Tin Turn Pl, Auckland, New Zealand. EM laith_jawad@hotmail.com OI Jawad, Laith/0000-0002-8294-2944 FU Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Wealth; Marine Science and Fisheries Centre; Ministry of Fisheries Wealth; Directorate of Agriculture and Fisheries Developmental Fund FX We would like to thank the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries Wealth, Marine Science and Fisheries Centre, Ministry of Fisheries Wealth and the Directorate of Agriculture and Fisheries Developmental Fund for giving us the opportunity to work on the fish samples within the qualitative and quantitative distribution of marine organisms in the Sultanate of Oman and for providing the appropriate financial support. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0175-8659 EI 1439-0426 J9 J APPL ICHTHYOL JI J. Appl. Ichthyol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 31 IS 1 BP 199 EP 200 DI 10.1111/jai.12640 PG 2 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AY8EK UT WOS:000347787000030 ER PT J AU Levin, LA Liu, KK Emeis, KC Breitburg, DL Cloern, J Deutsch, C Giani, M Goffart, A Hofmann, EE Lachkar, Z Limburg, K Liu, SM Montes, E Naqvi, W Ragueneau, O Rabouille, C Sarkar, SK Swaney, DP Wassman, P Wishner, KF AF Levin, Lisa A. Liu, Kon-Kee Emeis, Kay-Christian Breitburg, Denise L. Cloern, James Deutsch, Curtis Giani, Michele Goffart, Anne Hofmann, Eileen E. Lachkar, Zouhair Limburg, Karin Liu, Su-Mei Montes, Enrique Naqvi, Wajih Ragueneau, Olivier Rabouille, Christophe Sarkar, Santosh Kumar Swaney, Dennis P. Wassman, Paul Wishner, Karen F. TI Comparative biogeochemistry-ecosystem-human interactions on dynamic continental margins SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop 1 of IMBIZO III CY JAN, 2013 CL Goa, INDIA DE Anthropogenic factors; Coastal biogeochemistry; Climate change; Eutrophication; Ecosystem services; Time series ID ANTHROPOGENIC NITROGEN INPUTS; CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM; TROPICAL PELAGIC FISHES; LARGE MARINE ECOSYSTEM; NORTHERN ADRIATIC SEA; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; CHESAPEAKE BAY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; COASTAL WATERS AB The oceans' continental margins face strong and rapid change, forced by a combination of direct human activity, anthropogenic CO2-induced climate change, and natural variability. Stimulated by discussions in Goa, India at the IMBER IMBIZO III, we (1) provide an overview of the drivers of biogeochemical variation and change on margins, (2) compare temporal trends in hydrographic and biogeochemical data across different margins, (3) review ecosystem responses to these changes, (4) highlight the importance of margin time series for detecting and attributing change and (5) examine societal responses to changing margin biogeochemistry and ecosystems. We synthesize information over a wide range of margin settings in order to identify the commonalities and distinctions among continental margin ecosystems. Key drivers of biogeochemical variation include long-term climate cycles, CO2-induced warming, acidification, and deoxygenation, as well as sea level rise, eutrophication, hydrologic and water cycle alteration, changing land use, fishing, and species invasion. Ecosystem responses are complex and impact major margin services. These include primary production, fisheries production, nutrient cycling, shoreline protection, chemical buffering, and biodiversity. Despite regional differences, the societal consequences of these changes are unarguably large and mandate coherent actions to reduce, mitigate and adapt to multiple stressors on continental margins. (C) 2014 Elsevier BM. All rights reserved. C1 [Levin, Lisa A.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Liu, Kon-Kee] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Hydrol & Ocean Sci, Chungli 320, Taiwan. [Emeis, Kay-Christian] Inst Coastal Res, Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, D-21502 Geesthacht, Germany. [Breitburg, Denise L.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 20676 USA. [Cloern, James] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Deutsch, Curtis] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Giani, Michele] Ist Oceanog & Geofis Sperimentale OGS, I-34151 Trieste, Italy. [Goffart, Anne] Univ Liege, Lab Oceanol, F-20260 Calvi, France. [Hofmann, Eileen E.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Norfolk, VA 23508 USA. [Lachkar, Zouhair] ETH, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Limburg, Karin] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Liu, Su-Mei] Ocean Univ China, Key Lab Marine Chem Theory & Technol, Minist Educ, Qingdao 266100, Peoples R China. [Montes, Enrique] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [Naqvi, Wajih] Natl Inst Oceanog, Panaji, Goa, India. [Ragueneau, Olivier] Inst Univ Europeen Mer, Lab Sci Environm Marin, F-29280 Plouzane, France. [Rabouille, Christophe] Lab Sci Climat & Environm, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Sarkar, Santosh Kumar] Univ Calcutta, Dept Marine Sci, Kolkata 700019, W Bengal, India. [Swaney, Dennis P.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wassman, Paul] Univ Tromso, Fac Biosci Fishery & Econ, Dept Arctic & Marine Biol, N-9037 Tromso, Norway. [Wishner, Karen F.] Univ Rhode Isl, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. RP Levin, LA (reprint author), Scripps Inst Oceanog, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Conservat, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM llevin@ucsd.edu; kkliu@ncu.edu.tw; kay.emeis@hzg.de; breitburgd@si.edu; jecloern@usgs.gov; cdeutsch@uw.edu; mgiani@inogs.it; azoffart@ulg.ac.be; hofmann@ccpo.odu.edu; zouhainlachkar@env.ethz.ch; klimburg@esf.edu; sumeiliu@ouc.edu.cn; emontesh@mail.usf.edu; naqvi@nio.org; olivietragueneau@univ-brest.fr; christophe.rabouille@lsce.ipsl.fr; sarkatsantosh@gmail.com; dpsl@comell.edu; paul.wassmann@uit.no; kwishner@gso.uri.edu RI Liu, Kon-Kee/K-8855-2012; OI Liu, Kon-Kee/0000-0003-4909-897X; GIANI, Michele/0000-0002-3306-7725; Cloern, James/0000-0002-5880-6862; Rabouille, Christophe/0000-0003-1211-717X FU IMBER (a core project of IGBP); SCOR; US Ocean Carbon Biogeochemistry program; US Ocean Carbon Biogeochemistry program and IMBER; NOAA - California Sea Grant College Program [R/CC-04]; NSF OCE [0927445, 1041062]; NSF [GEO-0908939]; Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [NSC 102-2611-M-008-002]; Mermex/MISTRALS programme; PERSEUS (Policy-oriented marine Environmental Research in the SouthernEUropean Seas) FP7 [287600] FX We are grateful for the hospitality of the National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, India, which hosted the IMBIZO III. Support for the workshop was provided by IMBER (a core project of IGBP), SCOR and a host of co-sponsors. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their comments which have improved the manuscript. L Levin's and D. Breitburg's attendance was supported by the US Ocean Carbon Biogeochemistry program and IMBER. Levin's research support is from NOAA - California Sea Grant College Program Project # R/CC-04 and NSF OCE 0927445 and 1041062. Support for E. Hofmann was provided by NSF grant GEO-0908939. Support for K.-K. Liu was provided by the Ministry of Science and Technology (grant NSC 102-2611-M-008-002), Taiwan and SCOR. C. Rabouille would like to thank Mermex/MISTRALS programme for funding. M. Giani's attendance was supported by the PERSEUS (Policy-oriented marine Environmental Research in the SouthernEUropean Seas) FP7 Project n. 287600. NR 195 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 11 U2 72 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-7963 EI 1879-1573 J9 J MARINE SYST JI J. Mar. Syst. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 141 SI SI BP 3 EP 17 DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.04.016 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA AY9KM UT WOS:000347868800002 ER PT J AU Schrader, DL Connolly, HC Lauretta, DS Zega, TJ Davidson, J Domanik, KJ AF Schrader, Devin L. Connolly, Harold C., Jr. Lauretta, Dante S. Zega, Thomas J. Davidson, Jemma Domanik, Kenneth J. TI The formation and alteration of the Renazzo-like carbonaceous chondrites III: Toward understanding the genesis of ferromagnesian chondrules SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID UNEQUILIBRATED ORDINARY CHONDRITES; MONOSULFIDE SOLID-SOLUTION; BISHUNPUR LL3.1 CHONDRITE; O-ISOTOPE COMPOSITION; EARLY SOLAR-SYSTEM; CR PARENT BODY; FE-NI METAL; AQUEOUS ALTERATION; PRIMITIVE METEORITES; ORGANIC-MATTER AB To better understand the formation conditions of ferromagnesian chondrules from the Renazzo-like carbonaceous (CR) chondrites, a systematic study of 210 chondrules from 15 CR chondrites was conducted. The texture and composition of silicate and opaque minerals from each observed FeO-rich (type II) chondrule, and a representative number of FeO-poor (type I) chondrules, were studied to build a substantial and self-consistent data set. The average abundances and standard deviations of Cr2O3 in FeO-rich olivine phenocrysts are consistent with previous work that the CR chondrites are among the least thermally altered samples from the early solar system. Type II chondrules from the CR chondrites formed under highly variable conditions (e.g., precursor composition, redox conditions, cooling rate), with each chondrule recording a distinct igneous history. The opaque minerals within type II chondrules are consistent with formation during chondrule melting and cooling, starting as S-and Ni-rich liquids at 988-1350 degrees C, then cooling to form monosulfide solid solution (mss) that crystallized around olivine/pyroxene phenocrysts. During cooling, Fe, Ni-metal crystallized from the S-and Ni-rich liquid, and upon further cooling mss decomposed into pentlandite and pyrrhotite, with pentlandite exsolving from mss at 400-600 degrees C. The composition, texture, and inferred formation temperature of pentlandite within chondrules studied here is inconsistent with formation via aqueous alteration. However, some opaque minerals (Fe, Ni-metal versus magnetite and panethite) present in type II chondrules are a proxy for the degree of whole-rock aqueous alteration. The texture and composition of sulfide-bearing opaque minerals in Graves Nunataks 06100 and Grosvenor Mountains 03116 suggest that they are the most thermally altered CR chondrites. C1 [Schrader, Devin L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Schrader, Devin L.; Connolly, Harold C., Jr.; Lauretta, Dante S.; Zega, Thomas J.; Domanik, Kenneth J.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Connolly, Harold C., Jr.] CUNY, Kingsborough Community Coll, Dept Phys Sci, Brooklyn, NY 11235 USA. [Connolly, Harold C., Jr.] CUNY, Grad Ctr, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Connolly, Harold C., Jr.] AMNH, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Davidson, Jemma] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. RP Schrader, DL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, 10th & Constitut NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM schraderd@si.edu RI Schrader, Devin/H-6293-2012 OI Schrader, Devin/0000-0001-5282-232X FU NSF; NASA; Carson Fellowship at LPL; NASA [NNX07AF96G, NNX09AD35G, NNX10AG46G, 63378-00-41, NNX12AK47G] FX For supplying the many samples that were necessary for this work, the authors thank: the members of the Meteorite Working Group, and Cecilia Satterwhite and Kevin Righter (NASA, Johnson Space Center). US Antarctic meteorite samples are recovered by the Antarctic Search for Meteorites (ANSMET) program, which has been funded by NSF and NASA, and characterized and curated by the Department of Mineral Sciences of the Smithsonian Institution and Astromaterials Curation Office at NASA Johnson Space Center. The authors also thank the NIPR, NMNH, Mike Farmer, and Jack Schrader for samples. We thank Diane Johnson and Ian Franchi for assistance with the scanning electron microscope. We also thank Dolores Hill for assistance with sample curation. The authors are grateful to constructive and thorough reviews from Rhian Jones, Alan Rubin, Alex Ruzicka, anonymous reviewers, and Associate Editor Adrian Brearley. This research was funded in part by the Carson Fellowship at LPL (DLS), NASA grants NNX07AF96G (DSL, PI), and NNX09AD35G (HCCJr, PI), NNX10AG46G (HCCJr, PI), PSC-CUNY Grant #63378-00-41 (HCCJr, PI), and NNX12AK47G (TJZ, PI). NR 141 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 50 IS 1 BP 15 EP 50 DI 10.1111/maps.12402 PG 36 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AY6XW UT WOS:000347707000002 ER PT J AU Feng, Z Schneider, JW Labandeira, CC Kretzschmar, R Rossler, R AF Feng, Zhuo Schneider, Joerg W. Labandeira, Conrad C. Kretzschmar, Ralph Roessler, Ronny TI A specialized feeding habit of Early Permian oribatid mites SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fossil wood; Borings; Coprolite; Paleoecology; Early Permian; Germany ID PLANT; ARTHROPODS; ANTARCTICA; CHINA AB Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) are very diverse and important detritivorous and fungivorous micro-arthropods in modern forest ecosystems. Although the fossil record of oribatid mites can be traced to the Early Devonian, the paleoecology of oribatid mites during the deep geological past remains poorly understood. Remarkably good preservation of tunnel networks in a permineralized conifer wood specimen is described from the Early Permian of Germany. This fossil provides evidence for four aspects of oribatid mite feeding habits. First, there is preferred consumption of the more indurated tissues from growth-ring cycles. Second, tracheids were targeted for consumption. Third, feeding on tissues resulted in fecal pellet accumulations at the bottoms of tunnels. And fourth, the absence of feeding on ambient decomposing fungi such as necroses and rots, but rather the processing of pristine plant tissues, indicate the presence of a self-contained, microorganismic gut biota. These rather specialized feeding habits allowed oribatid mites a prominent role in the decomposition of digestively refractory plant tissues in Early Permian ecosystems. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Feng, Zhuo] Yunnan Univ, Yunnan Key Lab Palaeobiol, Kunming 650091, Peoples R China. [Feng, Zhuo] Chinese Acad Sci, Nanjing Inst Geol & Palaeontol, State Key Lab Palaeobiol & Stratig, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Feng, Zhuo; Kretzschmar, Ralph; Roessler, Ronny] Museum Nat Kunde, DAStietz, D-09111 Chemnitz, Germany. [Schneider, Joerg W.] Inst Geol, TU Bergakad Freiberg, D-09596 Freiberg, Germany. [Schneider, Joerg W.] Kazan Fed Univ, Kazan 420008, Russia. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. RP Feng, Z (reprint author), Yunnan Univ, Yunnan Key Lab Palaeobiol, Kunming 650091, Peoples R China. EM jumperfeng@126.com FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2012CB821901]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41172006, 41422201]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [RO 1273/3-1]; Volkswagen Foundation [Az: I/84638]; State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy (Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, CAS) [133104]; Program for Excellent Young Talents, Yunnan University FX We thank Professor Manfred Barthel for his insightful discussion. This study was supported partially by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2012CB821901), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41172006, 41422201), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG project RO 1273/3-1), the Volkswagen Foundation (Az: I/84638), the State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy (Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, CAS) (133104) and the Program for Excellent Young Talents, Yunnan University. This is contribution 297 of the Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems Consortium at the National Museum of Natural History, in Washington, D.C. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-0182 EI 1872-616X J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 417 BP 121 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.10.035 PG 5 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology GA AY9HY UT WOS:000347862400012 ER PT J AU Moratelli, R Wilson, DE AF Moratelli, Ricardo Wilson, Don E. TI A second record of Myotis diminutus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae): its bearing on the taxonomy of the species and discrimination from M. nigricans SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Choco; diminutive Myotis; Myotis nigricans; Myotis punensis; western Colombia; western Ecuador AB Myotis diminutus Moratelli & Wilson, 2011a (Vespertilionidae, Myotinae) was known only from the holotype-a subadult collected in a fragment of moist forest on the western slope of the Ecuadorian Andes in 1979. Based on recent work in museum collections, we discovered a second specimen of Myotis diminutus, collected in 1959. This specimen of Myotis diminutus comes from La Guayacana, Narino, western Colombia (approximate to 135 km north from the type locality); and M. nigricans (Schinz, 1821) also was collected at the same locality. This record confirms the distinctiveness of Myotis diminutus. This species is known from only the Choco ecoregion, one of the critical biodiversity hotspots on Earth. We have no evidence of living individuals. In this report we also investigate the relationships among Myotis nigricans from eastern and western sides of the Andes. Our results confirm that populations from both sides of the Cordillera represent the same subspecies-Myotis nigricans nigricans. C1 [Moratelli, Ricardo] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, BR-22713375 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Moratelli, Ricardo; Wilson, Don E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Moratelli, R (reprint author), Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, BR-22713375 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. EM rmoratelli@fiocruz.br RI Rocha, Ricardo/A-5735-2013 OI Rocha, Ricardo/0000-0003-0942-6633 FU National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Brazil (CNPq) [202612/2012]; Smithsonian Institution FX The following curators and collection staff provided access to specimens under their care: N. Simmons, E. Westwig (American Museum of Natural History), R. Baker, H. Garner (Museum of Texas Tech University), J. Dines (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County), K. Helgen, D. Lunde, L. Gordon (National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution), and A. Peracchi (Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). A. Gardner (USGS Patuxent Wildlife research Center) and M. Carleton (National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution) provided comments that improved the quality of the manuscript. E. Gutierrez (National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution) reviewed the abstract in Spanish. This work was supported by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Brazil (CNPq 202612/2012), and the Smithsonian Institution. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0006-324X EI 1943-6327 J9 P BIOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 127 IS 4 BP 533 EP 542 DI 10.2988/0006-324X-127.4.533 PG 10 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA AY5YK UT WOS:000347644900001 ER PT J AU Olson, SL AF Olson, Storrs L. TI Mass mortality of male Oceanic Puffer Lagocephalus lagocephalus (Tetraodontidae) at Trindade Island (Brazil), South Atlantic Ocean, with a review of mortalities in Hawaii and the Gulf of Guinea SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Review DE Ichthyology; Pacific Ocean; reproductive mortality; West Africa ID REEF FISH AB In a 24 hr period during 23-25 December 1975, I documented a minimum of 282 dead individuals of Oceanic Puffer Lagocephalus lagocephalus that had washed ashore on the remote South Atlantic island of Trindade, 1200 km east of the coast of Brazil. All of the more than 50 individuals for which I determined the sex had been reproductively active males. The locality is much farther south than the species has been previously recorded in the western Atlantic. I present evidence from ephemeral sources that report similar die-offs of Lagocephalus lagocephalus in the Hawaiian Islands and Fanning Atoll in the Pacific, and the Gulf of Guinea and Gabon in the eastern Atlantic for which, unfortunately, no scientific details, such as the sex of the individuals or other information that could explain cause of death, appears to have been published. The Trindade observation suggests that mass mortalities of this puffer may be associated with reproductive swarms. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Olson, SL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, POB 37012,NHB MRC 116, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM olsons@si.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0006-324X EI 1943-6327 J9 P BIOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 127 IS 4 BP 568 EP 571 PG 4 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA AY5YK UT WOS:000347644900004 ER PT J AU Sexton, JO Noojipady, P Anand, A Song, XP McMahon, S Huang, CQ Feng, M Channan, S Townshend, JR AF Sexton, Joseph O. Noojipady, Praveen Anand, Anupam Song, Xiao-Peng McMahon, Sean Huang, Chengquan Feng, Min Channan, Saurabh Townshend, John R. TI A model for the propagation of uncertainty from continuous estimates of tree cover to categorical forest cover and change SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Forest; Change detection; Uncertainty; Propagation; Tree cover; Continuous fields; Landsat ID THEMATIC MAP ACCURACY; REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; GLOBAL LAND-COVER; VALIDATION DATA SET; UNITED-STATES; MEASUREMENT ERRORS; TIME-SERIES; DESIGN; CLASSIFICATION; INFERENCE AB Rigorous monitoring of Earth's terrestrial surface requires mapping estimates of land cover and of their errors in space and time. Estimation of error in land-cover change detection currently relies heavily on external, post hoc validation i.e., comparison of estimated cover to independent values that are assumed to be true. However, reference data are themselves uncertain, and acquiring observations coincident with historical data is often impossible. Complementarily, modeling the transmission, or propagation, of error through the processes of classification and change detection provides an internal means to estimate classification and change-detection error at the scale of pixels. Modeling uncertainty around the estimate of fractional, "continuous-field" cover as a standard Normal distribution in each pixel at each of two times, we derive a method for propagating this uncertainty to categorical land cover-classification and change detection. We demonstrate the approach for mapping forest-cover change and its uncertainty based on bi-temporal estimates of percent-tree cover and their associated root-mean-square errors (RMSE). The method described here propagates only the imprecision component of error and not bias, so neither the resulting categorical estimates of cover nor the detection of change (e.g., forest loss) are affected by the transmission of uncertainty. However, propagating the RMSE of input estimates into probabilities of forest cover and change enables mapping and visualization of the spatial distribution of the imprecision resulting from model-based estimation of tree cover and from selection of the threshold of tree cover to define "forest". When compared to reference data with a fixed definition of forest (e.g., -30% tree cover) the threshold effect is an importance source of apparent error. in forest-cover and -change estimates. The approach described here provides a useful description of classification and change-detection certainty and can accommodate any definition of forest based on tree cover an especially important consideration given the variety of institutional definitions of forest cover based on remotely sensible structural characteristics. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Sexton, Joseph O.; Noojipady, Praveen; Anand, Anupam; Song, Xiao-Peng; Huang, Chengquan; Feng, Min; Channan, Saurabh; Townshend, John R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, Global Land Cover Facil, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Noojipady, Praveen] Natl Wildlife Federat, Natl Advocacy Ctr, Washington, DC 20004 USA. [Anand, Anupam] Global Environm Facil, Washington, DC 20433 USA. [McMahon, Sean] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Sexton, JO (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, Global Land Cover Facil, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM jsexton@umd.edu RI Song, Xiao-Peng/F-4894-2014; OI Song, Xiao-Peng/0000-0002-5514-0321; Huang, Chengquan/0000-0003-0055-9798 FU NASA programs: Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments [NNX08AP33A-MEASURES]; Land Cover and Land Use Change [NNX08AN72G-LCLUC]; Earth System Science Research Using Data and Products from Terra, Aqua, and Acrimsat Satellites [NNH06ZDA001N-EOS]; NASA's Earth and Space Science Fellowship (NESSF) Program [NNX12AN92H] FX Funding support for this study was provided by the following NASA programs: Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments (NNX08AP33A-MEASURES), Land Cover and Land Use Change (NNX08AN72G-LCLUC), and Earth System Science Research Using Data and Products from Terra, Aqua, and Acrimsat Satellites (NNH06ZDA001N-EOS). Xiao-Peng Song's contribution was supported by NASA's Earth and Space Science Fellowship (NESSF) Program (NNX12AN92H). Work was performed at the Global Land Cover Facility (www.landcover.org) in the Department of Geographical Sciences at the University of Maryland, in service of the Global Forest Cover Change Project (www.forestcover.org), a partnership of the University of Maryland Global Land and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Statistical analyses were conducted in R using the "raster" package. Image processing was performed in ENVI/IDL version 4.8. Jeff Masek and Eric Vermote at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center provided feedback and insights on algorithms and results. R.E. McRoberts and three anonymous reviewers greatly improved the quality of this manuscript. NR 61 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 156 BP 418 EP 425 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.08.038 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AY4YC UT WOS:000347579900034 ER PT J AU Monckton, C Soon, WWH Legates, DR Briggs, WM AF Monckton, Christopher Soon, Willie W. -H. Legates, David R. Briggs, William M. TI Why models run hot: results from an irreducibly simple climate model SO SCIENCE BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Climate sensitivity; Climate models; Global warming; Temperature feedbacks; Dynamical systems ID ENERGY-BALANCE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; TEMPERATURE; FEEDBACKS; SIMULATIONS; INSTABILITY; TRENDS AB An irreducibly simple climate-sensitivity model is designed to empower even non-specialists to research the question how much global warming we may cause. In 1990, the First Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) expressed "substantial confidence" that near-term global warming would occur twice as fast as subsequent observation. Given rising CO2 concentration, few models predicted no warming since 2001. Between the pre-final and published drafts of the Fifth Assessment Report, IPCC cut its near-term warming projection substantially, substituting "expert assessment" for models' near-term predictions. Yet its long-range predictions remain unaltered. The model indicates that IPCC's reduction of the feedback sum from 1.9 to 1.5 W m(-2) K-1 mandates a reduction from 3.2 to 2.2 K in its central climate-sensitivity estimate; that, since feedbacks are likely to be net-negative, a better estimate is 1.0 K; that there is no unrealized global warming in the pipeline; that global warming this century will be <1 K; and that combustion of all recoverable fossil fuels will cause <2.2 K global warming to equilibrium. Resolving the discrepancies between the methodology adopted by IPCC in its Fourth and Fifth Assessment Reports that are highlighted in the present paper is vital. Once those discrepancies are taken into account, the impact of anthropogenic global warming over the next century, and even as far as equilibrium many millennia hence, may be no more than one-third to one-half of IPCC's current projections. C1 [Monckton, Christopher] Sci & Publ Policy Inst, Haymarket, VA 20169 USA. [Soon, Willie W. -H.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Legates, David R.] Univ Delaware, Dept Geog, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Monckton, C (reprint author), Sci & Publ Policy Inst, Haymarket, VA 20169 USA. EM monckton@mail.com NR 57 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 39 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 2095-9273 EI 2095-9281 J9 SCI BULL JI Sci. Bull. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 60 IS 1 BP 122 EP 135 DI 10.1007/s11434-014-0699-2 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AZ0GO UT WOS:000347924400016 ER PT J AU Kress, WJ Garcia-Robledo, C Uriarte, M Erickson, DL AF Kress, W. John Garcia-Robledo, Carlos Uriarte, Maria Erickson, David L. TI DNA barcodes for ecology, evolution, and conservation SO TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION LA English DT Review DE DNA barcodes; ecology; next generation sequencing; phylogenetics; taxonomy ID COMMUNITY ECOLOGY; BETA DIVERSITY; PHYLOGENETIC DIVERSITY; FOREST IMPLICATIONS; FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; LAND PLANTS; PREY DNA; BIODIVERSITY; REVEALS; DIET AB The use of DNA barcodes, which are short gene sequences taken from a standardized portion of the genome and used to identify species, is entering a new phase of application as more and more investigations employ these genetic markers to address questions relating to the ecology and evolution of natural systems. The suite of DNA barcode markers now applied to specific taxonomic groups of organisms are proving invaluable for understanding species boundaries, community ecology, functional trait evolution, trophic interactions, and the conservation of biodiversity. The application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology will greatly expand the versatility of DNA barcodes across the Tree of Life, habitats, and geographies as new methodologies are explored and developed. C1 [Kress, W. John; Garcia-Robledo, Carlos; Erickson, David L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Garcia-Robledo, Carlos] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Garcia-Robledo, Carlos] Inst Ecol INECOL, Dept Multitroph Interact, Lab Interact & Global Change, Xalapa 91070, Veracruz, Mexico. [Uriarte, Maria] Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP Kress, WJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM kressj@si.edu FU NSF-RCN program for 'Tropical Forests in a Changing World' [0741956]; Smithsonian Institution Postdoctoral Fellowship Program; Global Earth Observatories Program; Office of the Under Secretary for Science; National Geographic/Waitt Institute Grant [W149-11]; NSF [DEB-0620910] FX We are grateful to Susanne Renner and two anonymous reviewers of this manuscript for their constructive suggestions. Authors were supported by grants from the NSF-RCN program for 'Tropical Forests in a Changing World' (Award ID: 0741956) to D. McClearn, the Smithsonian Institution Postdoctoral Fellowship Program, Global Earth Observatories Program, and the Office of the Under Secretary for Science, and the National Geographic/Waitt Institute Grant (W149-11) to C.G-R. M.U. acknowledges support from NSF DEB-0620910 to the Luquillo Long-Term Ecological Research Program. The assistance of I. Lopez in constructing the illustrations was invaluable. We would like to thank D. Janzen, N. Swenson, P. Hollingsworth, L. Weigt, A. Driscoll, P. Taberlet, J. Chave, C. Dick, C. Meyer, D. Schindel, and many others for helpful discussion on methods and uses of DNA barcodes. NR 99 TC 39 Z9 44 U1 31 U2 188 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0169-5347 J9 TRENDS ECOL EVOL JI Trends Ecol. Evol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 30 IS 1 BP 25 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.tree.2014.10.008 PG 11 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AY9IE UT WOS:000347863000008 PM 25468359 ER PT J AU Pica, D Cairns, SD Puce, S Newman, WA AF Pica, Daniela Cairns, Stephen D. Puce, Stefania Newman, William A. TI Southern hemisphere deep-water stylasterid corals including a new species, Errina labrosa sp n. (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Stylasteridae), with notes on some symbiotic scalpellids (Cirripedia, Thoracica, Scalpellidae) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Deep-water symbiosis; Scalpellidae; Stylasteridae; new species ID ATLANTIC; PYRGOMATIDAE; DIVERSITY; COPEPODA; SEA AB A number of stylasterid corals are known to act as host species and create refuges for a variety of mobile and sessile organisms, which enhances their habitat complexity. These include annelids, anthozoans, cirripeds, copepods, cyanobacteria, echinoderms, gastropods, hydroids and sponges. Here we report the first evidence of a diverse association between stylasterids and scalpellid pedunculate barnacles and describe a new stylasterid species, Errina labrosa, from the Tristan da Cunha Archipelago. Overall, five stylasterid species are found to host eight scalpellid barnacles from several biogeographic regions in the southern hemisphere (Southern Ocean, temperate South America and the southern Indo-Pacific realms). There is an apparent lack of specificity in this kind of association and different grades of reaction to the symbiosis have been observed in the coral. These records suggest that the association between pedunculate barnacles and hard stylasterid corals has a wide distribution among different biogeographic realms and that it is relatively rare and confined largely to deep water. C1 [Pica, Daniela; Puce, Stefania] Polytech Univ Marche, Dept Life & Environm Sci, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. [Cairns, Stephen D.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Newman, William A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Pica, D (reprint author), Polytech Univ Marche, Dept Life & Environm Sci, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. EM daniela.pica@gmail.com OI Pica, Daniela/0000-0001-7823-0488 FU SYNTHESYS Project - European Community Research Infrastructure Action under the FP7 Integrating Activities Programme FX We want to thank Dr. Stefano Schiaparelli (Museo Nazionale dell'Antartide Felice Ippolito, Genova), Dr. Andrew Cabrinovic (Natural History Museum, London), Dr. Bert W. Hoeksema (Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden) and Dr. Aude Andouche (Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris) for access to the coral collections. We thank the anonymous reviewers for their comments, which greatly improved this manuscript. This research received support to the first author for her visit to BNHM (London) and NBC (Leiden) from the SYNTHESYS Project http://www.synthesys.info/ financed by the European Community Research Infrastructure Action under the FP7 Integrating Activities Programme. NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2015 IS 472 BP 1 EP 25 DI 10.3897/zookeys.472.8547 PG 25 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AZ0XB UT WOS:000347964200001 PM 25632246 ER PT J AU Lacy, CHS Torres, G Fekel, FC Muterspaugh, MW Southworth, J AF Lacy, Claud H. Sandberg Torres, Guillermo Fekel, Francis C. Muterspaugh, Matthew W. Southworth, John TI ABSOLUTE PROPERTIES OF THE ECLIPSING BINARY STAR IM PERSEI SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: eclipsing; binaries: spectroscopic; stars: fundamental parameters; stars: individual (IM Per) ID SPECTROSCOPIC BINARIES; BOLOMETRIC CORRECTIONS; RADIAL-VELOCITIES; TIDAL-EVOLUTION; OPEN CLUSTERS; SYSTEMS; ORBITS; TELESCOPE; TODCOR; CLOUDS AB IM Per is a detached A7 eccentric eclipsing binary star. We have obtained extensive measurements of the light curve (28,225 differential magnitude observations) and radial velocity curve (81 spectroscopic observations) which allow us to fit orbits and determine the absolute properties of the components very accurately: masses of 1.7831 +/- 0.0094 and 1.7741 +/- 0.0097 solar masses, and radii of 2.409 +/- 0.018 and 2.366 +/- 0.017 solar radii. The orbital period is 2.25422694(15) days and the eccentricity is 0.0473(26). A faint third component was detected in the analysis of the light curves, and also directly observed in the spectra. The observed rate of apsidal motion is consistent with theory (U = 151.4 +/- 8.4 year). We determine a distance to the system of 566 +/- 46 pc. C1 [Lacy, Claud H. Sandberg] Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Torres, Guillermo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Fekel, Francis C.; Muterspaugh, Matthew W.] Tennessee State Univ, Ctr Excellence Informat Syst, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Southworth, John] Keele Univ, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. RP Lacy, CHS (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM clacy@uark.edu; gtorres@cfa.harvard.edu; fekel@evans.tsuniv.edu; matthew1@coe.tsuniv.edu; astro.js@keele.ac.uk OI Fekel, Francis/0000-0002-9413-3896 FU NSF [AST-1007992, 1039522]; state of Tennessee through its Centers of Excellence programs FX Thanks to Dr. A. William Neely for operation and maintenance of the NFO WebScope and for preliminary processing and distribution of the images. We thank P. Berlind, W. Brown, M. Calkins, G. Esquerdo, D. W. Latham, S. Quinn, R. P. Stefanik, and S. Tang for help with the spectroscopic observations of IM Per on Mount Hopkins, as well as R. J. Davis and J. Mink for maintaining the echelle databases at the CfA. G.T. acknowledges partial support through NSF grant AST-1007992. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Abstract Service, and of the SIMBAD and VizieR databases, operated at the CDS, Strasbourg, France. The research at Tennessee State University was made possible by NSF support through grant 1039522 of the Major Research Instrumentation Program. In addition, astronomy at Tennessee State University is supported by the state of Tennessee through its Centers of Excellence programs. NR 62 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 149 IS 1 AR 34 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/149/1/34 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AY0SY UT WOS:000347308300032 ER PT J AU Martin, JC Hambsch, FJ Margutti, R Tan, TG Curtis, I Soderberg, A AF Martin, J. C. Hambsch, F. -J. Margutti, R. Tan, T. G. Curtis, I. Soderberg, A. TI A CLOSER LOOK AT THE FLUCTUATIONS IN THE BRIGHTNESS OF SN 2009IP DURING ITS LATE 2012 ERUPTION SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE supernovae: individual (SN 2009ip) ID SWIFT ULTRAVIOLET/OPTICAL TELESCOPE; SUPERNOVA LIGHT CURVES; DENSE MASS-LOSS; SHOCK BREAKOUT; CORE-COLLAPSE; CIRCUMSTELLAR INTERACTION; LUMINOUS SUPERNOVAE; IIN SUPERNOVAE; EMISSION; OUTBURST AB The supernova (SN) impostor SN 2009ip has re-brightened several times since its initial discovery in 2009 August. During its last outburst in late 2012 September, it reached a peak brightness of m(v) similar to 13.5 (M-v brighter than -18), causing some to speculate that it had undergone a terminal core-collapse SN. Relatively high-cadence multi-wavelength photometry of the post-peak decline revealed bumps in brightness infrequently observed in other SNe IIn. These bumps occurred synchronously in all ultraviolet (UV) and optical bands with amplitudes of 0.1-0.4 mag at intervals of 10-30 days. Episodic continuum brightening and dimming in the UV and optical with these characteristics is not easily explained within the context of models that have been proposed for the late September 2012 outburst of SN 2009ip. We also present evidence that the post-peak fluctuations in brightness occur at regular intervals and raise more questions about their origin. C1 [Martin, J. C.] Univ Illinois, Barber Observ Univ, Springfield, IL 62704 USA. [Hambsch, F. -J.] Chile Vereniging Sterrenkunde VVS, Atacama Desert, Remote Observ, B-2400 Mol, Belgium. [Margutti, R.; Soderberg, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA. [Tan, T. G.] Perth Exoplanet Survey Telescope, Perth, WA, Australia. RP Martin, JC (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Barber Observ Univ, Springfield, IL 62704 USA. EM jmart5@uis.edu OI Martin, John/0000-0002-0245-508X; Margutti, Raffaella/0000-0003-4768-7586 FU National Science Foundation [AST1108890]; Henry R. Barber endowment for Astronomy at the University of Illinois Springfield FX J. C. Martin's work is supported by the National Science Foundation grant AST1108890. R. Margutti thanks the Swift team for excellent support in scheduling the observations. We also thank Jim O'Brien and Jennifer Hubbell-Thomas for assisting with observations included in this publication and the patrons of the UIS Barber Observatory for their financial support of the Henry R. Barber endowment for Astronomy at the University of Illinois Springfield. We thank R. M. Humphreys and K. Davidson, who provided several constructive comments. We also thank the anonymous referees whose thoughtful criticism greatly improved this paper. J. C. Martin makes a heartfelt acknowledgment of contributions by George W. Collins III made posthumously through notations recorded in the margin of Martin's copy of Eddington (1926). NR 58 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 149 IS 1 AR 9 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/149/1/9 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AY0SY UT WOS:000347308300009 ER PT J AU Overbeek, JC Friel, ED Jacobson, HR Johnson, CI Pilachowski, CA Meszaros, S AF Overbeek, Jamie C. Friel, Eileen D. Jacobson, Heather R. Johnson, Christian I. Pilachowski, Catherine A. Meszaros, Szabolcs TI NGC 7789: AN OPEN CLUSTER CASE STUDY SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: abundances; open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 7789); stars: abundances ID GALACTIC CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; ASYMPTOTIC GIANT BRANCH; GAIA-ESO SURVEY; RED GIANTS; ABUNDANCE RATIOS; METAL ABUNDANCES; AUTOMATIC CODE; STARS; SOLAR; ELEMENTS AB We have obtained high-resolution spectra of 32 giants in the open cluster NGC 7789 using the Wisconsin-Indiana-Yale- NOAO Hydra spectrograph. We explore differences in atmospheric parameters and elemental abundances caused by the use of the linelist developed for the Gaia-ESO Survey (GES) compared to one based on Arcturus used in our previous work. [Fe/H] values decrease when using the GES linelist instead of the Arcturus-based linelist; these differences are probably driven by systematically lower (similar to-0.1 dex) GES surface gravities. Using the GES linelist we determine abundances for 10 elements-Fe, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, Na, Ni, Zr, Ba, and La. We find the cluster's average metallicity [Fe/H] = 0.03 +/- 0.07 dex, in good agreement with literature values, and a lower [Mg/Fe] abundance than has been reported before for this cluster (0.11 +/- 0.05 dex). We also find the neutron-capture element barium to be highly enhanced-[Ba/Fe] = +0.48 +/- 0.08-and disparate from cluster measurements of neutron-capture elements La and Zr (-0.08 +/- 0.05 and 0.08 +/- 0.08, respectively). This is in accordance with recent discoveries of supersolar Ba enhancement in young clusters along with more modest enhancement of other neutron-capture elements formed in similar environments. C1 [Overbeek, Jamie C.; Friel, Eileen D.; Pilachowski, Catherine A.; Meszaros, Szabolcs] Indiana Univ, Dept Astron, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Jacobson, Heather R.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Johnson, Christian I.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Overbeek, JC (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Astron, Swain West 319,727 East 3rd St, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM joverbee@indiana.edu RI Meszaros, Szabolcs/N-2287-2014; OI Meszaros, Szabolcs/0000-0001-8237-5209; Johnson, Christian/0000-0002-8878-3315 FU Clay Fellowship; NASA; NSF FX C.I.J. gratefully acknowledges support from the Clay Fellowship, administered by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. C.A.P. acknowledges the generosity of the Kirkwood Research Fund at Indiana University. We would also like to thank WIYN telescope operator George Will for all of his help. This research has made use of the WEBDA database, operated at the Institute for Astronomy of the University of Vienna, and data products from the 2MASS, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology funded by NASA and the NSF. NR 59 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 149 IS 1 AR 15 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/149/1/15 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AY0SY UT WOS:000347308300015 ER PT J AU Broekhoven-Fiene, H Matthews, BC Harvey, PM Gutermuth, RA Huard, TL Tothill, NFH Nutter, D Bourke, TL Di Francesco, J Jorgensen, JK Allen, LE Chapman, NL Cieza, LA Dunham, MM Merin, B Miller, JF Terebey, S Peterson, DE Stapelfeldt, KR AF Broekhoven-Fiene, Hannah Matthews, Brenda C. Harvey, Paul M. Gutermuth, Robert A. Huard, Tracy L. Tothill, Nicholas F. H. Nutter, David Bourke, Tyler L. Di Francesco, James Jorgensen, Jes K. Allen, Lori E. Chapman, Nicholas L. Cieza, Lucas A. Dunham, Michael M. Merin, Bruno Miller, Jennifer F. Terebey, Susan Peterson, Dawn E. Stapelfeldt, Karl R. TI THE SPITZER SURVEY OF INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS IN THE GOULD BELT. VI. THE AURIGA-CALIFORNIA MOLECULAR CLOUD OBSERVED WITH IRAC AND MIPS (vol 786, pg 37, 2014) SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Correction C1 [Broekhoven-Fiene, Hannah; Matthews, Brenda C.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. [Matthews, Brenda C.; Di Francesco, James] Natl Res Council Herzberg Astron & Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Harvey, Paul M.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Gutermuth, Robert A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Huard, Tracy L.; Miller, Jennifer F.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Huard, Tracy L.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Tothill, Nicholas F. H.] Univ Western Sydney, Sch Comp Engn & Math, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. [Nutter, David] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Bourke, Tyler L.; Miller, Jennifer F.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Jorgensen, Jes K.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. [Jorgensen, Jes K.] Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Allen, Lori E.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Chapman, Nicholas L.] Northwestern Univ, Ctr Interdisciplinary Explorat & Res Astrophys, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Chapman, Nicholas L.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Cieza, Lucas A.] Univ Diego Portales, Fac Ingn, Santiago, Chile. [Dunham, Michael M.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Merin, Bruno] ESAC ESA, Herschel Sci Ctr, E-28691 Madrid, Spain. [Terebey, Susan] Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron PS315, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. [Peterson, Dawn E.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Stapelfeldt, Karl R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Broekhoven-Fiene, H (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, POB 3055, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. RI Tothill, Nicholas/M-6379-2016 OI Tothill, Nicholas/0000-0002-9931-5162 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 798 IS 1 AR 65 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/798/1/65 PG 1 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX9TO UT WOS:000347245100062 ER PT J AU Giordano, S Raymond, JC Lamy, P Uzzo, M Dobrzycka, D AF Giordano, S. Raymond, J. C. Lamy, P. Uzzo, M. Dobrzycka, D. TI PROBING THE SOLAR WIND ACCELERATION REGION WITH THE SUN-GRAZING COMET C/2002 S2 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE comets: general; comets: individual (C/200252); solar wind; Sun: corona; ultraviolet: general ID BRIGHT SUNGRAZING COMETS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; ORBITAL EVOLUTION; UVCS OBSERVATION; KREUTZ SYSTEM; LYMAN-ALPHA; CORONA; FRAGMENTATION; ULTRAVIOLET; MODEL AB Comet C/2002 S2, a member of the Kreutz family of sungrazing comets, was discovered in white-light images of the Large Angle and Spectromeric Coronagraph Experiment coronagraph on the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) on 2002 September 18 and observed in Hi Lya emission by the SOHO Ultraviolet Coronagraph Spectrometer (UVCS) instrument at four different heights as it approached the Sun. The HILy alpha line profiles detected by UVCS are analyzed to determine the spectral parameters: line intensity, width, and Doppler shift with respect to the coronal background. Two-dimensional comet images of these parameters are reconstructed at the different heights. A novel aspect of the observations of this sungrazing comet data is that, whereas the emission from most of the tail is blueshifted, that along one edge of the tail is redshifted. We attribute these shifts to a combination of solar wind speed and interaction with the magnetic field. In order to use the comet to probe the density, temperature, and speed of the corona and solar wind through which it passes, as well as to determine the outgassing rate of the comet, we develop a Monte Carlo simulation of the HILy alpha emission of a comet moving through a coronal plasma. From the outgassing rate, we estimate a nucleus diameter of about 9 m. This rate steadily increases as the comet approaches the Sun, while the optical brightness decreases by more than a factor of 10 and suddenly recovers. This indicates that the optical brightness is determined by the lifetimes of the grains, sodium atoms, and molecules produced by the comet. C1 [Giordano, S.] INAF, Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. [Raymond, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lamy, P.] Lab Astrophys Marseille, F-13388 Marseille 13, France. [Uzzo, M.] Comp Sci Corp, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Dobrzycka, D.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Giordano, S (reprint author), INAF, Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. OI Giordano, Silvio/0000-0002-3468-8566 FU NASA [NAGS-12814] FX We are indebted to Brian Marsden, who performed the orbit calculations that made these observations possible. S.G. and J.C.R. thank the International Space Science Institute (Bern, Switzerland) for the opportunity to discuss this work within the International Study Team program. SOHO is a project of international cooperation between ESA and NASA. UVCS is a joint project of NASA, Italian Space Agency (ASI), and the Swiss Funding Agencies. LASCO was built by a consortium of the Naval Research Laboratory, USA; the Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (formerly Laboratoire d'Astronomie Spatiale), France; the Max-Planck-Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung (formerly Max Planck Institute fur Aeronomie), Germany; and the School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Birmingham, UK. This work was supported by NASA grant NAGS-12814. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 798 IS 1 AR 47 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/798/1/47 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX9TO UT WOS:000347245100044 ER PT J AU Keating, SK Abraham, RG Schiavon, R Graves, G Damjanov, I Yan, RB Newman, J Simard, L AF Keating, Stephanie K. Abraham, Roberto G. Schiavon, Ricardo Graves, Genevieve Damjanov, Ivana Yan, Renbin Newman, Jeffrey Simard, Luc TI EVIDENCE FOR (AND AGAINST) PROGENITOR BIAS IN THE SIZE GROWTH OF COMPACT RED GALAXIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies: evolution ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; EMISSION-LINE GALAXIES; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; SIMILAR-TO 2; EXTRAGALACTIC LEGACY SURVEY; ALPHA-EMITTING GALAXIES; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES AB Most massive, passive galaxies are compact at high redshifts, but similarly compact massive galaxies are rare in the local universe. The most common interpretation of this phenomenon is that massive galaxies have grown in size by a factor of about five since redshift z = 2. An alternative explanation is that recently quenched massive galaxies are larger (a "progenitor bias"). In this paper, we explore the importance of progenitor bias by looking for systematic differences in the stellar populations of compact early-type galaxies in the DEEP2 survey as a function of size. Our analysis is based on applying the statistical technique of bootstrap resampling to constrain differences in the median ages of our samples and to begin to characterize the distribution of stellar populations in our co-added spectra. The light-weighted ages of compact early-type galaxies at redshifts 0.5 < z < 1.4 are compared to those of a control sample of larger galaxies at similar redshifts. We find that massive compact early-type galaxies selected on the basis of red color and high bulge-to-total ratio are younger than similarly selected larger galaxies, suggesting that size growth in these objects is not driven mainly by progenitor bias, and that individual galaxies grow as their stellar populations age. However, compact early-type galaxies selected on the basis of image smoothness and high bulge-to-total ratio are older than a control sample of larger galaxies. Progenitor bias will play a significant role in defining the apparent size changes of early-type galaxies if they are selected on the basis of the smoothness of their light distributions. C1 [Keating, Stephanie K.; Abraham, Roberto G.] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Schiavon, Ricardo] Gemini Observ, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Schiavon, Ricardo] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England. [Graves, Genevieve] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Graves, Genevieve] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Damjanov, Ivana] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Yan, Renbin] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Newman, Jeffrey] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Simard, Luc] Natl Res Council Canada, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. RP Keating, SK (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. FU NSF [AST 09-26641, AST 08-07873]; Eberly College of Science; Office of the Senior Vice President for Research at the Pennsylvania State University; 3D-HST Treasury Program [GO 12177, 12328]; NASA [NAS5-26555] FX We would like to thank the anonymous referee for their fantastic input and comments on the manuscript. This work was supported via NSF through grant AST 09-26641 and AST 08-07873. The Institute for Gravitation and the Cosmos is supported by the Eberly College of Science and the Office of the Senior Vice President for Research at the Pennsylvania State University. This work is based on observations taken by the 3D-HST Treasury Program (GO 12177 and 12328) with the NASA/ESA HST, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. NR 88 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 798 IS 1 AR 26 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/798/1/26 PG 57 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX9TO UT WOS:000347245100026 ER PT J AU Liu, DB Pe'er, A Loeb, A AF Liu, Dangbo Pe'er, Asaf Loeb, Abraham TI A TWO-COMPONENT JET MODEL FOR THE TIDAL DISRUPTION EVENT SWIFT J164449.3+573451 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE black hole physics; galaxies: jets; galaxies: nuclei; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; MASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; X-RAY; RELATIVISTIC FIREBALLS; DYNAMICAL MODEL; LIGHT CURVES; SW J1644+57; BLAST WAVES; EMISSION; AFTERGLOWS AB We analyze both the early- and late-time radio and X-ray data of the tidal disruption event (IDE) Swift J1644+57. The data at early times (less than or similar to 5 days) necessitate separation of the radio and X-ray emission regions, either spatially or in velocity space. This leads us to suggest a two-component jet model, in which the inner jet is initially relativistic with Lorentz factor Gamma approximate to 15, while the outer jet is trans-relativistic, with Gamma less than or similar to 1.2. This model enables a self-consistent interpretation of the late-time radio data, both in terms of peak frequency and flux. We solve the dynamics, radiative cooling, and expected radiation from both jet components. We show that while during the first month synchrotron emission from the outer jet dominates the radio emission, at later times, radiation from ambient gas collected by the inner jet dominates. This provides a natural explanation to the observed re-brightening, without the need for late-time inner engine activity. After 100 days, the radio emission peak is in the optically thick regime, leading to a decay of both the flux and peak frequency at later times. Our model's predictions for the evolution of radio emission in jetted TDEs can be tested by future observations. C1 [Liu, Dangbo; Pe'er, Asaf; Loeb, Abraham] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Liu, Dangbo] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Liu, Dangbo] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Particle Phys & Cosmol, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Pe'er, Asaf] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Cork, Dept Phys, Cork, Ireland. RP Liu, DB (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Liu, Dangbo/P-2224-2015 OI Liu, Dangbo/0000-0003-1538-592X FU National Science Foundation of China [11078014, 11125313]; Office of Science and Technology, Shanghai Municipal Government [11DZ2260700]; National Basic Research Program of China [2009CB824904, 2013CB837901]; Shanghai Science and Technology Commission (Program of Shanghai Subject Chief Scientist) [11DZ2260700, 12XD1406200]; NSF [AST-0907890]; NASA [NNX08AL43G, NNA09DB30A]; Fermi GI program [41162]; National Science Foundation [PHYS-1066293] FX We thank the anonymous referee for many useful comments that helped us improve this manuscript. We are grateful to Bevin A. Zauderer and Brian D. Metzger for useful discussions. D.L. acknowledges support by the National Science Foundation of China (grant Nos. 11078014 and 11125313), the key laboratory grant from the Office of Science and Technology, Shanghai Municipal Government (grant No. 11DZ2260700), the National Basic Research Program of China (grant Nos. 2009CB824904 and 2013CB837901), and the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission (Program of Shanghai Subject Chief Scientist; grant Nos. 12XD1406200 and 11DZ2260700). This work was supported in part by NSF grant AST-0907890 and NASA grants NNX08AL43G and NNA09DB30A. A.P. acknowledges support from Fermi GI program #41162. This work was supported in part by National Science Foundation grant No. PHYS-1066293 and the hospitality of the Aspen Center for Physics. NR 75 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 798 IS 1 AR 13 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/798/1/13 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX9TO UT WOS:000347245100013 ER PT J AU Marion, GH Sand, DJ Hsiao, EY Banerjee, DPK Valenti, S Stritzinger, MD Vinko, J Joshi, V Venkataraman, V Ashok, NM Amanullah, R Binzel, RP Bochanski, JJ Bryngelson, GL Burns, CR Drozdov, D Fieber-Beyer, SK Graham, ML Howell, DA Johansson, J Kirshner, RP Milne, PA Parrent, J Silverman, JM Vervack Jr, RJ Wheeler, JC AF Marion, G. H. Sand, D. J. Hsiao, E. Y. Banerjee, D. P. K. Valenti, S. Stritzinger, M. D. Vinko, J. Joshi, V. Venkataraman, V. Ashok, N. M. Amanullah, R. Binzel, R. P. Bochanski, J. J. Bryngelson, G. L. Burns, C. R. Drozdov, D. Fieber-Beyer, S. K. Graham, M. L. Howell, D. A. Johansson, J. Kirshner, R. P. Milne, P. A. Parrent, J. Silverman, J. M. Vervack, R. J., Jr. Wheeler, J. C. TI EARLY OBSERVATIONS AND ANALYSIS OF THE TYPE Ia SN 2014J IN M82 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE infrared: general; supernovae: general; supernovae: individual (2014J) ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; NEAR-INFRARED SPECTRA; LIGHT-CURVE; SUPERNOVA SPECTRA; MAXIMUM LIGHT; TIME; CONSTANT; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTROGRAPH; ULTRAVIOLET AB We present optical and near infrared (NIR) observations of the nearby Type Ia SN 2014J. Seventeen optical and 23 NIR spectra were obtained from 10 days before (-10d) to 10 days after (+10d) the time of maximum B-band brightness. The relative strengths of absorption features and their patterns of development can be compared at one day intervals throughout most of this period. Carbon is not detected in the optical spectra, but we identify C I lambda 1.0693 in the NIR spectra. Mg II lines with high oscillator strengths have higher initial velocities than other Mg II lines. We show that the velocity differences can be explained by differences in optical depths due to oscillator strengths. The spectra of SN 2014J show that it is a normal SN Ia, but many parameters are near the boundaries between normal and high-velocity subclasses. The velocities for OI, Mg II, Si II, S Ca a, and Fell suggest that SN 2014J has a layered structure with little or no mixing. That result is consistent with the delayed detonation explosion models. We also report photometric observations, obtained from -10d to +29d, in the UBVRIJH and K-s bands. The template fitting package SNooPy is used to interpret the light curves and to derive photometric parameters. Using R-v = 1.46, which is consistent with previous studies, SNooPy finds that A(v) = 1.80 for E(B - V)(host) = 1.23 +/- 0.06 mag. The maximum B-band brightness of -19.19 +/- 0.10 mag was reached on February 1.74 UT +/- 0.13 days and the supernova has a decline parameter, Delta m(15), of 1.12 +/- 0.02 mag. C1 [Marion, G. H.; Vinko, J.; Silverman, J. M.; Wheeler, J. C.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Sand, D. J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Hsiao, E. Y.] Las Campanas Observ, Carnegie Observ, Casilla 601, Japan. [Hsiao, E. Y.; Stritzinger, M. D.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Banerjee, D. P. K.; Joshi, V.; Venkataraman, V.; Ashok, N. M.] Astron & Astrophys Div, Phys Res Lab, Ahmadabad 380009, Gujarat, India. [Valenti, S.; Howell, D. A.] Global Telescope Network, Las Cumbres Observ, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA. [Valenti, S.; Howell, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Vinko, J.] Univ Szeged, Dept Opt & Quantum Elect, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary. [Amanullah, R.; Johansson, J.] Stockholm Univ, Albanova Univ Ctr, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Binzel, R. P.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Bochanski, J. J.] Haverford Coll, Haverford, PA 19041 USA. [Bryngelson, G. L.] Francis Marion Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Florence, SC 29506 USA. [Burns, C. R.] Observat Carnegie Inst Sci, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Drozdov, D.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Fieber-Beyer, S. K.] Univ N Dakota, Dept Space Studies, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Graham, M. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kirshner, R. P.; Parrent, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Milne, P. A.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Vervack, R. J., Jr.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. RP Marion, GH (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, 1 Univ Stn C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM hman@astro.as.utexas.edu RI Vervack, Ronald/C-2702-2016; OI Vervack, Ronald/0000-0002-8227-9564; stritzinger, maximilian/0000-0002-5571-1833 FU Department of Space, Government of India; Hungarian OTKA [NN-107637]; NSF [AST-1109801, AST-1151462, AST-1211196]; NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship [AST-1302771]; NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-12540]; NASA [NAS5-26555]; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board; Danish Agency for Science and Technology and Innovation realized through a Sapere Aude Level 2 grant FX G.H.M. and D.J.S. are visiting Astronomers at the Infrared Telescope Facility, which is operated by the University of Hawaii under Cooperative Agreement No. NNX-08AE38A with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank A. Tokunaga, D. Griep, E. Volquardsen, B. Cabreira, and J. Rayner at the IRTF for supporting ToO observations. We also acknowledge P. Donati, S. Geier, F. Saturni, G. Nowak, and A. Finoguenov for cooperating with NOT ToO observations. The NOT is operated by the Nordic Optical Telescope Scientific Association at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain, of the Instituto de Astrosica de Canarias. Research at the Physical Research Laboratory is funded by the Department of Space, Government of India.; J.V. is supported by the Hungarian OTKA Grant NN-107637. The UT supernova group is supported by NSF grant AST-1109801. J.M.S. is also supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1302771. J.J.B. gratefully acknowledges the support of NSF grant AST-1151462. R.P.K. is supported by NSF grant AST-1211196 to the Harvard College Observatory. Additional support comes from the program GO-12540, provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. R.A. acknowledges support from the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board. M.D.S. acknowledges generous support provided by the Danish Agency for Science and Technology and Innovation realized through a Sapere Aude Level 2 grant. NR 61 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 798 IS 1 AR 39 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/798/1/39 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX9TO UT WOS:000347245100036 ER PT J AU Tobin, JJ Dunham, MM Looney, LW Li, ZY Chandler, CJ Segura-Cox, D Sadavoy, SI Melis, C Harris, RJ Perez, LM Kratter, K Jorgensen, JK Plunkett, AL Hull, CLH AF Tobin, John J. Dunham, Michael M. Looney, Leslie W. Li, Zhi-Yun Chandler, Claire J. Segura-Cox, Dominique Sadavoy, Sarah I. Melis, Carl Harris, Robert J. Perez, Laura M. Kratter, Kaitlin Jorgensen, Jes K. Plunkett, Adele L. Hull, Charles L. H. TI THE VLA NASCENT DISK AND MULTIPLICITY (VANDAM) SURVEY OF PERSEUS PROTOSTARS. RESOLVING THE SUB-ARCSECOND BINARY SYSTEM IN NGC 1333 IRAS2A SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: general; ISM: individual objects (NGC 1333); protoplanetary disks; stars: formation; stars: protostars ID 1ST HYDROSTATIC CORE; IRAM-PDBI SURVEY; STAR-FORMING REGIONS; RADIO-CONTINUUM EMISSION; MOLECULAR CLOUD CORES; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; PROTOSTELLAR SYSTEM; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; TURBULENT FRAGMENTATION; STELLAR MULTIPLICITY AB We are conducting a Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) Ka-band (8 mm and 1 cm) and C-band (4 cm and 6.4 cm) survey of all known protostars in the Perseus Molecular Cloud, providing resolution down to similar to 0 ''.06 and similar to 0 ''.35 in the Ka band and C band, respectively. Here we present first results from this survey that enable us to examine the source NGC 1333 IRAS2A in unprecedented detail and resolve it into a protobinary system separated by 0 ''.621 +/- 0 ''.006 (similar to 143 AU) at 8 mm, 1 cm, and 4 cm. These two sources (IRAS2A VLA1 and VLA2) are likely driving the two orthogonal outflows known to originate from IRAS2A. The brighter source IRAS2A VLA1 is extended perpendicular to its outflow in the VLA data, with a deconvolved size of 0 ''.055 (similar to 13 AU), possibly tracing a protostellar disk. The recently reported candidate companions (IRAS2A MM2 and MM3) are not detected in either our VLA data, Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA) 1.3 mm data, or Submillimeter Array (SMA) 850 mu m data. SMA CO (J = 3 -> 2), CARMA CO (J = 2 -> 1), and lower-resolution CARMA CO (J = 1 -> 0) observations are used to examine the outflow origins and the nature of the candidate companions to IRAS2A VLA1. The CO (J = 3 -> 2) and (J = 2 -> 1) data show that IRAS2A MM2 is coincident with a bright CO emission spot in the east west outflow, and IRAS2A MM3 is within the north south outflow. In contrast, IRAS2A VLA2 lies at the east west outflow symmetry point. We propose that IRAS2A VLA2 is the driving source of the east west outflow and a true companion to IRAS2A VLA1, whereas IRAS2A MM2 and MM3 may not be protostellar. C1 [Tobin, John J.; Looney, Leslie W.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Dunham, Michael M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Looney, Leslie W.; Segura-Cox, Dominique; Harris, Robert J.; Hull, Charles L. H.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Li, Zhi-Yun] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Chandler, Claire J.; Perez, Laura M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Sadavoy, Sarah I.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Melis, Carl] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. [Kratter, Kaitlin] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Jorgensen, Jes K.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. [Jorgensen, Jes K.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Jorgensen, Jes K.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Plunkett, Adele L.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Hull, Charles L. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hull, Charles L. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Radio Astron Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tobin, JJ (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM jtobin@nrao.edu; jeskj@nbi.dk OI Plunkett, Adele/0000-0002-9912-5705; Tobin, John/0000-0002-6195-0152 FU NASA through Hubble Fellowship - Space Telescope Science Institute [HST-HF-51300.01-A]; NASA [NAS 5-26555]; Submillimeter Array through an SMA postdoctoral fellowship; Laboratory for Astronomical Imaging at the University of Illinois; NSF [AST-07-09206]; NSF from the NRAO [GSSP 2013-06713]; U.S. National Science Foundation [AST-1313428]; National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Postdoctoral Fellowship; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-1122492]; Jansky Fellowship program of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory; Smithsonian Institution; Academia Sinica; [NNX14AB38G]; [AST-1313083] FX The authors thank the anonymous referee for a constructive report that improve the paper. We also thank L. Kristensen and M. Persson for stimulating discussions regarding this work. J.J.T. acknowledges support provided by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant #HST-HF-51300.01-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. M.M.D. acknowledges support from the Submillimeter Array through an SMA postdoctoral fellowship. L.W.L. acknowledges support from the Laboratory for Astronomical Imaging at the University of Illinois and the NSF under grant AST-07-09206. D.S.-C. acknowledges support provided by the NSF through award GSSP 2013-06713 from the NRAO. C.M. acknowledges financial support from the U.S. National Science Foundation through award AST-1313428. S.I.S. acknowledges support from the National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Postdoctoral Fellowship. Z.Y.L. is supported in part by NNX14AB38G and AST-1313083. A.L.P. is supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under grant No. DGE-1122492. L.M.P acknowledges support from the Jansky Fellowship program of the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. Support for CARMA construction was derived from the states of Illinois, California, and Maryland, the James S. McDonnell Foundation, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation, the University of Chicago, the Associates of the California Institute of Technology, and the National Science Foundation. Ongoing CARMA development and operations are supported by the National Science Foundation under a cooperative agreement, and by the CARMA partner universities. The Submillimeter Array is a joint project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. NR 82 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 798 IS 1 AR 61 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/798/1/61 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX9TO UT WOS:000347245100058 ER PT J AU Vinko, J Yuan, F Quimby, RM Wheeler, JC Ramirez-Ruiz, E Guillochon, J Chatzopoulos, E Marion, GH Akerlof, C AF Vinko, J. Yuan, F. Quimby, R. M. Wheeler, J. C. Ramirez-Ruiz, E. Guillochon, J. Chatzopoulos, E. Marion, G. H. Akerlof, C. TI A LUMINOUS, FAST RISING UV-TRANSIENT DISCOVERED BY ROTSE: A TIDAL DISRUPTION EVENT? SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; stars: black holes; stars: magnetars; supernovae: general ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; HOBBY-EBERLY TELESCOPE; COMPACT OBJECT MERGERS; LIGHT CURVES; BLACK-HOLES; SUPERLUMINOUS SUPERNOVAE; LOW-RESOLUTION; AFTERGLOW RADIATION; NEUTRON-STARS; EMISSION AB We present follow-up observations of an optical transient (OT) discovered by ROTSE on 2009 January 21. Photometric monitoring was carried out with ROTSE-IIIb in the optical and Swift in the UV up to +70 days after discovery. The light curve showed a fast rise time of similar to 10 days followed by a steep decline over the next 60 days, which was much faster than that implied by Ni-56-Co-56 radioactive decay. The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 10 database contains a faint, red object at the position of the OT, which appears slightly extended. This and other lines of evidence suggest that the OT is of extragalactic origin, and this faint object is likely the host galaxy. A sequence of optical spectra obtained with the 9.2 m Hobby Eberly Telescope between +8 and +45 days after discovery revealed a hot, blue continuum with no visible spectral features. A few weak features that appeared after +30 days probably originated from the underlying host. Fitting synthetic templates to the observed spectrum of the host galaxy revealed a redshift of z = 0.19. At this redshift, the peak magnitude of the OT is close to 22.5, similar to the brightest super-luminous supernovae; however, the lack of identifiable spectral features makes the massive stellar death hypothesis less likely. A more plausible explanation appears to be the tidal disruption of a Sun-like star by the central supermassive black hole. We argue that this transient likely belongs to a class of super-Eddington tidal disruption events. C1 [Vinko, J.; Wheeler, J. C.; Chatzopoulos, E.; Marion, G. H.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Vinko, J.] Univ Szeged, Dept Opt & Quantum Elect, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary. [Yuan, F.; Akerlof, C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Yuan, F.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Yuan, F.] ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys, Redfem, NSW 2016, Australia. [Quimby, R. M.] Univ Tokyo, Kavli IPMU, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. [Quimby, R. M.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Astron, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Ramirez-Ruiz, E.; Guillochon, J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Guillochon, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chatzopoulos, E.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, FLASH Ctr Computat Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Vinko, J (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, McDonald Observ, RLM 15308, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM vinko@astro.as.utexas.edu OI Guillochon, James/0000-0002-9809-8215 FU NSF [AST 11-09881, AST-0847563, AST 09-07903, PhY-0801007]; Hungarian OTKA [NN-107637]; David and Lucile Packard Foundation; Einstein grant [PF3-140108]; University of Texas at Austin Graduate Scholl Power's Fellowship; Enrico Fermi Institute via the Enrico Fermi Postdoctoral Fellowship; NASA [NNX-08AV63G]; Australian Research Council; University of New South Wales; University of Texas; University of Michigan FX We thank the anonymous referee for the thorough report, which was helpful while revising the first version of this paper. This work has been supported by NSF grant AST 11-09881 (UT, PI Wheeler), Hungarian OTKA grant NN-107637 (Szeged, PI Vinko), NSF grant AST-0847563 (UCSC, PI Ramirez-Ruiz), and the David and Lucile Packard Foundation (ERR). G.H.M. is supported by NSF grant AST 09-07903 (CfA, PI Kirshner). J.G. is supported by Einstein grant PF3-140108. E.C. was supported by the University of Texas at Austin Graduate Scholl Power's Fellowship, and is currently supported by the Enrico Fermi Institute via the Enrico Fermi Postdoctoral Fellowship. ROTSE-III has been supported by NASA grant NNX-08AV63G, NSF Grant PhY-0801007, the Australian Research Council, the University of New South Wales, the University of Texas, and the University of Michigan. The Marcario Low Resolution Spectrograph is named for Mike Marcario of the High Lonesome Optics, who fabricated several optics for the instrument but died before its completion. The LRS is a joint project of the Hobby-Eberly Telescope partnership and the Instituto de Astronomia de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. We acknowledge the HET Resident Astronomer Team (M. Shetrone, S. Odewahn, J. Caldwell, S. Rostopchin) for their work and support during the spectroscopic follow-up observations. The NASA ADS and NED services were extensively used during the entire project, and the availability of these services are also gratefully acknowledged. NR 69 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 798 IS 1 AR 12 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/798/1/12 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX9TO UT WOS:000347245100012 ER PT J AU Kraus, AL Andrews, SM Bowler, BP Herczeg, G Ireland, MJ Liu, MC Metchev, S Cruz, KL AF Kraus, Adam L. Andrews, Sean M. Bowler, Brendan P. Herczeg, Gregory Ireland, Michael J. Liu, Michael C. Metchev, Stanimir Cruz, Kelle L. TI AN ALMA DISK MASS FOR THE CANDIDATE PROTOPLANETARY COMPANION TO FW TAU SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: formation; planets and satellites: general; protoplanetary disks ID BROWN DWARF DISKS; SUB-STELLAR COMPANION; ON CIRCUMSTELLAR DISK; VERY-LOW MASS; BINARY-SYSTEMS; UPPER SCORPIUS; WIDE ORBITS; PLANET FORMATION; GIANT PLANETS; STARS AB We present ALMA observations of the FW Tau system, a close binary pair of M5 stars with a wide-orbit (300 AU projected separation) substellar companion. The companion is extremely faint and red in the optical and near-infrared, but boasts a weak far-infrared excess and optical/near-infrared emission lines indicative of a primordial accretion disk of gas and dust. The component-resolved 1.3mm continuum emission is found to be associated only with the companion, with a flux (1.78 +/- 0.03 mJy) that indicates a dust mass of 1-2M(circle plus). While this mass reservoir is insufficient to form a giant planet, it is more than sufficient to produce an analog of the Kepler-42 exoplanetary system or the Galilean satellites. The mass and geometry of the disk-bearing FW Tau companion remains unclear. Near-infrared spectroscopy shows deep water bands that indicate a spectral type later than M5, but substantial veiling prevents a more accurate determination of the effective temperature (and hence mass). Both a disk-bearing "planetary-mass" companion seen in direct light or a brown dwarf tertiary viewed in light scattered by an edge-on disk or envelope remain possibilities. C1 [Kraus, Adam L.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Andrews, Sean M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bowler, Brendan P.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Herczeg, Gregory] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Ireland, Michael J.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Liu, Michael C.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Metchev, Stanimir] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. [Cruz, Kelle L.] CUNY Hunter Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Cruz, Kelle L.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Astrophys, New York, NY 10024 USA. RP Kraus, AL (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. OI Ireland, Michael/0000-0002-6194-043X; Metchev, Stanimir/0000-0003-3050-8203 NR 47 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 798 IS 1 AR L23 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/798/1/L23 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AY3CN UT WOS:000347462300023 ER PT J AU Anthony, NM Atteke, C Bruford, MW Dallmeier, F Freedman, A Hardy, O Ibrahim, B Jeffery, KJ Johnson, M Lahm, SA Lepengue, N Lowenstein, JH Maisels, F Mboumba, JF Mickala, P Morgan, K Ntie, S Smith, TB Sullivan, JP Verheyen, E Gonder, MK AF Anthony, Nicola M. Atteke, Christiane Bruford, Michael W. Dallmeier, Francisco Freedman, Adam Hardy, Olivier Ibrahim, Brama Jeffery, Kathryn J. Johnson, Mireille Lahm, Sally A. Lepengue, Nicaise Lowenstein, Jacob H. Maisels, Fiona Mboumba, Jean-Francois Mickala, Patrick Morgan, Katy Ntie, Stephan Smith, Thomas B. Sullivan, John P. Verheyen, Erik Gonder, Mary K. TI Evolution and Conservation of Central African Biodiversity: Priorities for Future Research and Education in the Congo Basin and Gulf of Guinea SO BIOTROPICA LA English DT Review DE Africa; biodiversity; climate change; evolution; international collaboration; tropical conservation ID ANT WASMANNIA-AUROPUNCTATA; EBOLA HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TROPICAL FORESTS; PLANT DIVERSITY; BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY; NEXT-GENERATION; DNA; DISPERSAL; DECLINE AB The tropical forests of the Congo Basin and Gulf of Guinea harbor some of the greatest terrestrial and aquatic biological diversity in the world. However, our knowledge of the rich biological diversity of this region and the evolutionary processes that have shaped it remains limited, as is our understanding of the capacity for species to adapt or otherwise respond to current and projected environmental change. In this regard, research efforts are needed to increase current scientific knowledge of this region's biodiversity, identify the drivers of past diversification, evaluate the potential for species to adapt to environmental change and identify key populations for future conservation. Moreover, when evolutionary research is combined with ongoing environmental monitoring efforts, it can also provide an important set of tools for assessing and mitigating the impacts of development activities. Building on a set of recommendations developed at an international workshop held in Gabon in 2011, we highlight major areas for future evolutionary research that could be directly tied to conservation priorities for the region. These research priorities are centered around five disciplinary themes: (1) documenting and discovering biodiversity; (2) identifying drivers of evolutionary diversification; (3) monitoring environmental change; (4) understanding community and ecosystem level processes; (5) investigating the ecology and epidemiology of disease from an evolutionary perspective (evolutionary epidemiology). Furthermore, we also provide an overview of the needs and priorities for biodiversity education and training in Central Africa. Resume Les forets tropicales du bassin du Congo et du Golfe de Guinee abritent une grande partie de la diversite terrestre et aquatique dans le monde. Pourtant, notre connaissance de la riche diversite biologique de cette region et les processus evolutifs qui l'ont faconnee demeurent encore peu compris, tout comme notre comprehension de la capacite des especes a s'adapter ou a repondre aux changements environnementaux actuels et a venir. De ce fait, des efforts de recherche sont necessaires pour ameliorer les connaissances scientifiques actuelles sur la biodiversite de cette region, determiner les causes des processus de diversifications passees, evaluer le potentiel des especes a repondre aux changements environnementaux et identifier les populations cles pour la conservation dans le futur. Par ailleurs, lorsque la recherche dans le domaine de l'evolution est combinee aux efforts de suivi continu de l'environnement, elle peut aussi fournir un ensemble d'outils importants pour l'evaluation et l'attenuation des impacts des activites de developpement. S'appuyant sur une serie de recommandations elaborees lors de l'atelier international qui s'est tenu au Gabon en 2011, nous soulignons les axes majeurs pour la recherche future dans le domaine de l'evolution qui pourraient etre lies directement aux priorites de la conservation dans la region. Ces priorites de recherche s'articulent autour de cinq thematiques: (1) l'inventaire et la decouverte de la biodiversite; (2) l'identification des causes de la diversification; (3) le suivi des changements environnementaux; (4) la comprehension des processus au niveau des communautes et des ecosystemes; (5) l'etude ecologique et epidemiologique des maladies d'un point de vue evolutif (epidemiologie evolutive). Toutefois, nous donnons egalement un apercu des besoins et des priorites en matiere d'education et de formation dans le domaine de la biodiversite en Afrique centrale. C1 [Anthony, Nicola M.; Morgan, Katy] Univ New Orleans, Dept Biol Sci, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. [Atteke, Christiane; Ibrahim, Brama; Lepengue, Nicaise; Mboumba, Jean-Francois; Mickala, Patrick; Ntie, Stephan] Univ Sci & Tech Masuku, Dept Biol, Franceville, Gabon. [Bruford, Michael W.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Biosci, Organisms & Environm Div, Cardiff CF10 3TL, S Glam, Wales. [Dallmeier, Francisco] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat Educ & Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Freedman, Adam; Smith, Thomas B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90092 USA. [Freedman, Adam; Smith, Thomas B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Ctr Trop Res, Los Angeles, CA 90092 USA. [Freedman, Adam] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Hardy, Olivier] Univ Libre Bruxelles, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Jeffery, Kathryn J.] Agence Natl Parcs Nationaux, Libreville, Gabon. [Jeffery, Kathryn J.; Maisels, Fiona] Univ Stirling, Sch Nat Sci, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland. [Jeffery, Kathryn J.] Inst Rech Ecol Trop, Libreville, Gabon. [Johnson, Mireille] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat Educ & Sustainabil, Gabon Biodivers Program, Gamba, Gabon. [Lahm, Sally A.] George Washington Univ, Dept Global Hlth, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Lowenstein, Jacob H.] Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Lowenstein, Jacob H.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Vertebrate Zool, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Maisels, Fiona] Wildlife Conservat Soc, New York, NY 10460 USA. [Mboumba, Jean-Francois] Univ Rennes 1, Museum Natl Hist Nat, UMR 7204, Equipe Biodivers & Gest Terr, Rennes, France. [Sullivan, John P.] Cornell Univ Museum Vertebrates, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Verheyen, Erik] Royal Belgian Inst Nat Sci, OD Taxon & Phylogeny, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. [Verheyen, Erik] Univ Antwerp, Dept Biol, Evolutionary Biol Grp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Gonder, Mary K.] Drexel Univ, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Anthony, NM (reprint author), Univ New Orleans, Dept Biol Sci, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. EM nanthony@uno.edu RI Bruford, Michael/D-3750-2009; Jeffery, Kathryn/G-2530-2013; Maisels, Fiona/E-7382-2015 OI Bruford, Michael/0000-0001-6357-6080; Jeffery, Kathryn/0000-0002-2632-0008; Maisels, Fiona/0000-0002-0778-0615 FU NSF OISE [0968587, 1243524] FX This article is based on discussions and working group reports that came out of an international workshop held at USTM in 2011 with funding provided by NSF OISE 0968587 and NSF OISE 1243524. We thank USTM for hosting the workshop and the Chancellor (Dr. Isaac Mouaragadja) for his support. We thank two anonymous reviewers, the Editor-in-Chief (Dr. Emilio Bruna) and Subject Editor (Dr. Jaboury Ghazoul) for their helpful comments. NR 138 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 62 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3606 EI 1744-7429 J9 BIOTROPICA JI Biotropica PD JAN PY 2015 VL 47 IS 1 BP 6 EP 17 DI 10.1111/btp.12188 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AY3BM UT WOS:000347459500002 ER PT J AU Ihle, KE Fondrk, MK Page, RE Amdam, GV AF Ihle, Kate E. Fondrk, M. Kim Page, Robert E. Amdam, Gro V. TI Genotype effect on lifespan following vitellogenin knockdown SO EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Vitellogenin; RNA-interference; Apis mellifera; Foraging; Longevity ID HONEY-BEE WORKERS; APIS-MELLIFERA L.; COLONY-LEVEL SELECTION; DIVISION-OF-LABOR; JUVENILE-HORMONE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; FAT-BODY; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; ADULT WORKER AB Honey bee workers display remarkable flexibility in the aging process. This plasticity is closely tied to behavioral maturation. Workers who initiate foraging behavior at earlier ages have shorter lifespans, and much of the variation in total lifespan can be explained by differences in pre-foraging lifespan. Vitellogenin (Vg), a yolk precursor protein, influences worker lifespan both as a regulator of behavioral maturation and through anti-oxidant and immune functions. Experimental reduction of Vg mRNA, and thus Vg protein levels, in wild-type bees results in precocious foraging behavior, decreased lifespan, and increased susceptibility to oxidative damage. We sought to separate the effects of Vg on lifespan due to behavioral maturation from those due to immune and antioxidant function using two selected strains of honey bees that differ in their phenotypic responsiveness to Vg gene knockdown. Surprisingly, we found that lifespans lengthen in the strain described as behaviorally and hormonally insensitive to Vg reduction. We then performed targeted gene expression analyses on genes hypothesized to mediate aging and lifespan: the insulin-like peptides (Ilp1 and 2) and manganese superoxide dismutase (mnSOD). The two honey bee Ilps are the most upstream components in the insulin-signaling pathway, which influences lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster and other organisms, while manganese superoxide dismutase encodes an enzyme with antioxidant functions in animals. We found expression differences in the llps in fat body related to behavior (llp1 and 2) and genetic background (Ilp2), but did not find strain by treatment effects. Expression of mnSOD was also affected by behavior and genetic background. Additionally, we observed a differential response to Vg knockdown in fat body expression of mnSOD, suggesting that antioxidant pathways may partially explain the strain-specific lifespan responses to Vg knockdown. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ihle, Kate E.; Fondrk, M. Kim; Page, Robert E.; Amdam, Gro V.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Ihle, Kate E.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Fondrk, M. Kim] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Amdam, Gro V.] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Dept Chem Biotechnol & Food Sci, N-1432 As, Norway. RP Ihle, KE (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. EM kateihle@gmail.com; mkfondrk@ucdavis.edu; Robert.Page@asu.edu; Gro.Amdam@asu.edu FU Research Council of Norway [216776/F11]; Arizona State University; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX We thank Adam Dolezal, Ying Wang, and Nicholas Baker for assistance with the experimental setups and M. Teague O'Mara for helpful comments on the manuscript. KEI was supported by the Research Council of Norway (216776/F11) and a postdoctoral fellowship from Arizona State University and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. NR 62 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 11 U2 33 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0531-5565 EI 1873-6815 J9 EXP GERONTOL JI Exp. Gerontol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 61 BP 113 EP 122 DI 10.1016/j.exger.2014.12.007 PG 10 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA AY3EY UT WOS:000347468500015 PM 25497555 ER PT J AU Ward, PS Brady, SG Fisher, BL Schultz, TR AF Ward, Philip S. Brady, Sean G. Fisher, Brian L. Schultz, Ted R. TI The evolution of myrmicine ants: phylogeny and biogeography of a hyperdiverse ant clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) SO SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Review ID GENUS LORDOMYRMA EMERY; LATE EOCENE; PSEUDOMYRMECINAE HYMENOPTERA; GEOGRAPHIC RANGE; AMBER; DIVERSIFICATION; INFERENCE; PONERINAE; SELECTION; TAXONOMY AB This study investigates the evolutionary history of a hyperdiverse clade, the ant subfamily Myrmicinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), based on analyses of a data matrix comprising 251 species and 11 nuclear gene fragments. Under both maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods of inference, we recover a robust phylogeny that reveals six major clades of Myrmicinae, here treated as newly defined tribes and occurring as a pectinate series: Myrmicini, Pogonomyrmecini trib.n., Stenammini, Solenopsidini, Attini and Crematogastrini. Because we condense the former 25 myrmicine tribes into a new six-tribe scheme, membership in some tribes is now notably different, especially regarding Attini. We demonstrate that the monotypic genus Ankylomyrma is neither in the Myrmicinae nor even a member of the more inclusive formicoid claderather it is a poneroid ant, sister to the genus Tatuidris (Agroecomyrmecinae). Several species-rich myrmicine genera are shown to be nonmonophyletic, including Pogonomyrmex, Aphaenogaster, Messor, Monomorium, Pheidole, Temnothorax and Tetramorium. We propose a number of generic synonymies to partially alleviate these problems (senior synonym listed first): Pheidole = Anisopheidolesyn.n.=Machomyrmasyn.n.; Temnothorax = Chalepoxenussyn.n.=Myrmoxenussyn.n.=Protomognathussyn.n.; Tetramorium = Rhoptromyrmexsyn.n.=Anergatessyn.n. = Teleutomyrmexsyn.n. The genus Veromessorstat.r. is resurrected for the New World species previously placed in Messor; Syllophopsisstat.r. is resurrected from synonymy under Monomorium to contain the species in the hildebrandti group; Trichomyrmexstat.r. is resurrected from synonymy under Monomorium to contain the species in the scabriceps- and destructor-groups; and the monotypic genus Epelysidrisstat.r. is reinstated for Monomorium brocha. Bayesian divergence dating indicates that the crown group Myrmicinae originated about 98.6Ma (95% highest probability density 87.9-109.6Ma) but the six major clades are considerably younger, with age estimates ranging from 52.3 to 71.1Ma. Although these and other suprageneric taxa arose mostly in the middle Eocene or earlier, a number of prominent, species-rich genera, such as Pheidole, Cephalotes, Strumigenys, Crematogaster and Tetramorium, have estimated crown group origins in the late Eocene or Oligocene. Most myrmicine species diversity resides in the two sister clades, Attini and Crematogastrini, which are estimated to have originated and diversified extensively in the Neotropics and Paleotropics, respectively. The newly circumscribed Myrmicini is Holarctic in distribution, and ancestral range estimation suggests a Nearctic origin. The Pogonomyrmecini and Solenopsidini are reconstructed as being Neotropical in origin, but they have subsequently colonized the Nearctic region (Pogonomyrmecini) and many parts of the Old World as well as the Nearctic region (Solenopsidini), respectively. The Stenammini have flourished primarily in the northern hemisphere, and are most likely of Nearctic origin, but selected lineages have dispersed to the northern Neotropics and the Paleotropics. Thus the evolutionary history of the Myrmicinae has played out on a global stage over the last 100Ma, with no single region being the principal generator of species diversity. This published work has been registered in ZooBank, . C1 [Ward, Philip S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Brady, Sean G.; Schultz, Ted R.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Fisher, Brian L.] Calif Acad Sci, Dept Entomol, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. RP Ward, PS (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM psward@ucdavis.edu OI Fisher, Brian/0000-0002-4653-3270 FU NSF [EF-0431330, DEB-0743542, DEB-0842204, DEB-0949689] FX We thank Rachelle Adams, Gary Alpert, Bob Anderson, Himender Bharti, Lech Borowiec, Marek Borowiec, Beto Brandao, Michael Branstetter, Bui Tuan Viet, Chris Burwell, Katsuyuki Eguchi, Xavier Espadaler, Rodrigo Feitosa, John Fellowes, Fernando Fernandez, Juergen Gadau, David General, Nihara Gunawardene, Yoshiaki Hashimoto, Peter Hawkes, Jurgen Heinze, Milan Janda, Dan Kjar, John Lattke, Jack Longino, Andrea Lucky, Dirk Mezger, James Pitts, Shauna Price, Eli Sarnat, Steve Shattuck, Rogerio Silva, Jeffrey Sosa-Calvo, Andy Suarez, Noel Tawatao, Alberto Tinaut, Darren Ward and Alex Wild for contributing specimens towards this study. Paul Armstrong, Matt Kweskin, Eugenia Okonski, Jamie Pettengill and Hong Zhao provided technical support. Barry Bolton, Brendon Boudinot, Marek Borowiec and an anonymous reviewer gave helpful comments that improved the manuscript. This study was supported by NSF grants EF-0431330, DEB-0743542, DEB-0842204, and DEB-0949689. NR 125 TC 73 Z9 77 U1 10 U2 69 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0307-6970 EI 1365-3113 J9 SYST ENTOMOL JI Syst. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 40 IS 1 BP 61 EP 81 DI 10.1111/syen.12090 PG 21 WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology GA AY2ZB UT WOS:000347453400006 ER PT J AU Smith, AL Benazzi, S Ledogar, JA Tamvada, K Smith, LCP Weber, GW Spencer, MA Lucas, PW Michael, S Shekeban, A Al-Fadhalah, K Almusallam, AS Dechow, PC Grosse, IR Ross, CF Madden, RH Richmond, BG Wright, BW Wang, Q Byron, C Slice, DE Wood, S Dzialo, C Berthaume, MA Van Casteren, A Strait, DS AF Smith, Amanda L. Benazzi, Stefano Ledogar, Justin A. Tamvada, Kelli Smith, Leslie C. Pryor Weber, Gerhard W. Spencer, Mark A. Lucas, Peter W. Michael, Shaji Shekeban, Ali Al-Fadhalah, Khaled Almusallam, Abdulwahab S. Dechow, Paul C. Grosse, Ian R. Ross, Callum F. Madden, Richard H. Richmond, Brian G. Wright, Barth W. Wang, Qian Byron, Craig Slice, Dennis E. Wood, Sarah Dzialo, Christine Berthaume, Michael A. Van Casteren, Adam Strait, David S. TI The Feeding Biomechanics and Dietary Ecology of Paranthropus boisei SO ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE geometric morphometrics; functional morphology; feeding biomechanics ID FINITE-ELEMENT MODELS; DENTAL MICROWEAR TEXTURE; VIVO BONE STRAIN; EARLY HOMININS; AUSTRALOPITHECUS-AFRICANUS; FOSSIL HOMININS; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MASTICATORY SYSTEM; CRANIOFACIAL FORM; SYMPHYSEAL FUSION AB The African Plio-Pleistocene hominins known as australopiths evolved derived craniodental features frequently interpreted as adaptations for feeding on either hard, or compliant/tough foods. Among australopiths, Paranthropus boisei is the most robust form, exhibiting traits traditionally hypothesized to produce high bite forces efficiently and strengthen the face against feeding stresses. However, recent mechanical analyses imply that P. boisei may not have been an efficient producer of bite force and that robust morphology in primates is not necessarily strong. Here we use an engineering method, finite element analysis, to show that the facial skeleton of P. boisei is structurally strong, exhibits a strain pattern different from that in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and Australopithecus africanus, and efficiently produces high bite force. It has been suggested that P. boisei consumed a diet of compliant/tough foods like grass blades and sedge pith. However, the blunt occlusal topography of this and other species suggests that australopiths are adapted to consume hard foods, perhaps including grass and sedge seeds. A consideration of evolutionary trends in morphology relating to feeding mechanics suggests that food processing behaviors in gracile australopiths evidently were disrupted by environmental change, perhaps contributing to the eventual evolution of Homo and Paranthropus. Anat Rec, 298:145-167, 2015. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Smith, Amanda L.; Ledogar, Justin A.; Tamvada, Kelli; Strait, David S.] SUNY Albany, Dept Anthropol, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Benazzi, Stefano] Univ Bologna, Dept Cultural Heritage, I-48121 Ravenna, Italy. [Benazzi, Stefano] Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Anthropol, Dept Human Evolut, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Smith, Leslie C. Pryor; Dechow, Paul C.] Texas A&M Univ, Baylor Coll Dent, Dept Biomed Sci, Dallas, TX USA. [Weber, Gerhard W.; Slice, Dennis E.] Univ Vienna, Dept Anthropol, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. [Spencer, Mark A.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Human Evolut & Social Change, Tempe, AZ USA. [Spencer, Mark A.] South Mt Community Coll, Dept Biol, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Lucas, Peter W.; Van Casteren, Adam] Kuwait Univ, Dept Bioclin Sci, Fac Dent, Safat 13110, Kuwait. [Michael, Shaji; Shekeban, Ali] Kuwait Univ, Coll Engn & Petr, Nanotechnol Res Facil, Safat 13060, Kuwait. [Al-Fadhalah, Khaled] Kuwait Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Coll Engn & Petr, Safat 13060, Kuwait. [Almusallam, Abdulwahab S.] Kuwait Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Coll Engn & Petr, Safat 13060, Kuwait. [Grosse, Ian R.; Wood, Sarah; Dzialo, Christine] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Ross, Callum F.; Madden, Richard H.] Univ Chicago, Dept Organismal Biol & Anat, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Richmond, Brian G.] George Washington Univ, Ctr Adv Study Hominid Paleobiol, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC USA. [Richmond, Brian G.] Smithsonian Inst, Human Origins Program, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Richmond, Brian G.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Anthropol, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Wright, Barth W.] Kansas City Univ Med & Biosci, Dept Anat, Kansas City, MO USA. [Wang, Qian] Mercer Univ, Sch Med, Div Basic Med Sci, Macon, GA 31207 USA. [Byron, Craig] Mercer Univ, Dept Biol, Macon, GA 31207 USA. [Slice, Dennis E.] Florida State Univ, Sch Computat Sci, Dirac Sci Lib, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Slice, Dennis E.] Florida State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Dirac Sci Lib, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Berthaume, Michael A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Anthropol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Berthaume, Michael A.] Univ Hull, Med & Biol Engn Res Grp, Dept Engn, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, Yorks, England. [Van Casteren, Adam] Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Anthropol, Max Planck Weizman Ctr Integrat Archaeol & Anthro, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. RP Strait, DS (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Dept Anthropol, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY 12222 USA. EM dstrait@albany.edu RI Weber, Gerhard/F-2583-2010; OI Benazzi, Stefano/0000-0003-4305-6920 FU National Science Foundation Physical Anthropology HOMINID program [NSF BCS 0725219, 0725183, 0725147, 0725141, 0725136, 0725126, 0725122, 0725078]; National Science Foundation "Biomesh" [NSF DBI 0743460]; EU FP6 Marie Curie Actions [MRTN-CT-2005-019564 "EVAN"]; Kuwait University General Facilities Project [GE01/07, GDO2/11] FX Grant sponsor: National Science Foundation Physical Anthropology HOMINID program; Grant numbers: NSF BCS 0725219, 0725183, 0725147, 0725141, 0725136, 0725126, 0725122, 0725078; Grant sponsor: National Science Foundation "Biomesh"; Grant number: NSF DBI 0743460; Grant sponsor: EU FP6 Marie Curie Actions; Grant number: MRTN-CT-2005-019564 "EVAN"; Grant sponsor: Kuwait University General Facilities Project; Grant number: GE01/07, GDO2/11. NR 84 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 14 U2 64 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1932-8486 EI 1932-8494 J9 ANAT REC JI Anat. Rec. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 298 IS 1 SI SI BP 145 EP 167 DI 10.1002/ar.23073 PG 23 WC Anatomy & Morphology SC Anatomy & Morphology GA AX1UD UT WOS:000346730500010 PM 25529240 ER PT J AU Almecija, S Orr, CM Tocheri, MW Patel, BA Jungers, WL AF Almecija, Sergio Orr, Caley M. Tocheri, Matthew W. Patel, Biren A. Jungers, William L. TI Exploring Phylogenetic and Functional Signals in Complex Morphologies: The Hamate of Extant Anthropoids as a Test-Case Study SO ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE wrist morphology; 3D geometric morphometrics; shape-function complex ID GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRIC-ANALYSIS; HOMINOID WRIST JOINT; LOCOMOTOR BEHAVIOR; GREAT APE; POSITIONAL BEHAVIOR; PROCONSUL-AFRICANUS; HOMO-FLORESIENSIS; KNUCKLE-WALKING; MIDDLE MIOCENE; EVOLUTION AB Three-dimensional geometric morphometrics (3DGM) is a powerful tool for capturing and visualizing the pure shape of complex structures. However, these shape differences are sometimes difficult to interpret from a functional viewpoint, unless specific approaches (mostly based on biomechanical modeling) are employed. Here, we use 3DGM to explore the complex shape variation of the hamate, the disto-ulnar wrist bone, in anthropoid primates. Major trends of shape variation are explored using principal components analysis along with analyses of shape and size covariation. We also evaluate the phylogenetic patterning of hamate shape by plotting an anthropoid phylogenetic tree onto the shape space (i.e., phylomorphospace) and test against complete absence of phylogenetic signal using posterior permutation. Finally, the covariation of hamate shape and locomotor categories is explored by means of 2-block partial least squares (PLS) using shape coordinates and a matrix of data on arboreal locomotor behavior. Our results show that 3DGM is a valuable and versatile tool for characterizing the shape of complex structures such as wrist bones in anthropoids. For the hamate, a significant phylogenetic pattern is found in both hamate shape and size, indicating that closely related taxa are typically the most similar in hamate form. Our allometric analyses show that major differences in hamate shape among taxa are not a direct consequence of differences in hamate size. Finally, our PLS indicates a significant covariation of hamate shape and different types of arboreal locomotion, highlighting the relevance of this approach in future 3DGM studies seeking to capture a functional signal from complex biological structures. Anat Rec, 298:212-229, 2015. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Almecija, Sergio; Jungers, William L.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, Dept Anat Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Almecija, Sergio] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Catala Paleontol Miquel Crusafont, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Almecija, Sergio] NYCEP Morphometr Grp, New York, NY USA. [Orr, Caley M.] Midwestern Univ, Dept Anat, Downers Grove, IL 60515 USA. [Tocheri, Matthew W.] Smithsonian Inst, Human Origins Program, Dept Anthropol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Tocheri, Matthew W.] George Washington Univ, Ctr Adv Study Hominid Paleobiol, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC USA. [Patel, Biren A.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Patel, Biren A.] Univ So Calif, Dept Biol Sci, Human & Evolutionary Biol Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Almecija, S (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, Dept Anat Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM sergio.almecija@stonybrook.edu RI Patel, Biren/B-8373-2016; OI Tocheri, Matthew/0000-0001-7600-8998 FU Fulbright Commission; Generalitat de Catalunya; Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad; AAPA Professional Development Grant; Smithsonian Scholarly Studies Grant Program; Leakey Foundation; Wenner-Gren Foundation; National Science Foundation [2009 BFUL 00049, 2009 BP-A 00226, CGL2011-27343, NSF-BCS 1316947, NSF-BCS-1317047, NSF-BCS 1317029] FX Grant sponsors: Fulbright Commission and the Generalitat de Catalunya (S.A.), the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (S.A.), the AAPA Professional Development Grant (S.A.); the Smithsonian Scholarly Studies Grant Program (M.W.T.); Leakey Foundation (B.A.P.); Wenner-Gren Foundation (C.M.O.); National Science Foundation; Grant numbers: 2009 BFUL 00049, 2009 BP-A 00226, CGL2011-27343, NSF-BCS 1316947, NSF-BCS-1317047, NSF-BCS 1317029. NR 90 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1932-8486 EI 1932-8494 J9 ANAT REC JI Anat. Rec. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 298 IS 1 SI SI BP 212 EP 229 DI 10.1002/ar.23079 PG 18 WC Anatomy & Morphology SC Anatomy & Morphology GA AX1UD UT WOS:000346730500014 PM 25529242 ER PT J AU Knigge, RP Tocheri, MW Orr, CM Mcnulty, KP AF Knigge, Ryan P. Tocheri, Matthew W. Orr, Caley M. Mcnulty, Kieran P. TI Three-Dimensional Geometric Morphometric Analysis of Talar Morphology in Extant Gorilla Taxa from Highland and Lowland Habitats SO ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE foot; arboreality; terrestriality; talus; tarsals ID MOUNTAIN GORILLAS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; NATIONAL-PARK; AUSTRALOPITHECUS-AFARENSIS; PHYLOGENETIC AFFINITIES; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; NUCLEAR INTEGRATIONS; LOCOMOTOR ADAPTATION; HOMINID EVOLUTION; GENETIC DIVERSITY AB Western gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) are known to climb significantly more often than eastern gorillas (Gorilla beringei), a behavioral distinction attributable to major differences in their respective habitats (i.e., highland vs. lowland). Genetic evidence suggests that the lineages leading to these taxa began diverging from one another between approximately 1 and 3 million years ago. Thus, gorillas offer a special opportunity to examine the degree to which morphology of recently diverged taxa may be fine-tuned to differing ecological requirements. Using three-dimensional (3D) geometric morphometrics, we compared talar morphology in a sample of 87 specimens including western (lowland), mountain (highland), and grauer gorillas (lowland and highland populations). Talar shape was captured with a series of landmarks and semilandmarks superimposed by generalized Procrustes analysis. A between-group principal components analysis of overall talar shape separates gorillas by ecological habitat and by taxon. An analysis of only the trochlea and lateral malleolar facet identifies subtle variations in trochlear shape between western lowland and lowland grauer gorillas, potentially indicative of convergent evolution of arboreal adaptations in the talus. Lastly, talar shape scales differently with centroid size for highland and lowland gorillas, suggesting that ankle morphology may track body-size mediated variation in arboreal behaviors differently depending on ecological setting. Several of the observed shape differences are linked biomechanically to the facilitation of climbing in lowland gorillas and to stability and load-bearing on terrestrial substrates in the highland taxa, providing an important comparative model for studying morphological variation in groups known only from fossils (e.g., early hominins). Anat Rec, 298:277-290, 2015. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Knigge, Ryan P.; Mcnulty, Kieran P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Anthropol, Evolutionary Anthropol Lab, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. [Tocheri, Matthew W.] Smithsonian Inst, Human Origins Program, Dept Anthropol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Tocheri, Matthew W.] George Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Ctr Adv Study Hominid Paleobiol, Washington, DC USA. [Orr, Caley M.] Midwestern Univ, Dept Anat, Downers Grove, IL 60515 USA. RP Knigge, RP (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Anthropol, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. EM knigg008@umn.edu OI Tocheri, Matthew/0000-0001-7600-8998 FU Wenner-Gren Foundation [7822] FX Grant sponsor: Wenner-Gren Foundation; Grant number: 7822. NR 91 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1932-8486 EI 1932-8494 J9 ANAT REC JI Anat. Rec. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 298 IS 1 SI SI BP 277 EP 290 DI 10.1002/ar.23069 PG 14 WC Anatomy & Morphology SC Anatomy & Morphology GA AX1UD UT WOS:000346730500017 PM 25338937 ER PT J AU Kuntner, M Pristovsek, U Cheng, RC Li, D Zhang, S Tso, IM Liao, CP Miller, JA Kralj-Fiser, S AF Kuntner, Matjaz Pristovsek, Urska Cheng, Ren-Chung Li, Daiqin Zhang, Shichang Tso, I-Min Liao, Chen-Pan Miller, Jeremy A. Kralj-Fiser, Simona TI Eunuch supremacy: evolution of post-mating spider emasculation SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Terminal investment; Sperm competition; Genital plugs; Sexual conflict; Monogyny; Polyandry ID ORB-WEAVING SPIDER; MALE MATE CHOICE; SEXUAL CANNIBALISM; SPERM COMPETITION; NEPHILA-PLUMIPES; GENITAL MUTILATION; ARANEAE ARANEIDAE; MALE SACRIFICE; BEHAVIOR; FEMALE AB Emasculation-males becoming effectively sterile by self-removing their genitals-has long been considered a peculiar evolutionary phenomenon with unknown function, taxonomically restricted to few spiders and flies. In spiders, emasculation results in half or full eunuchs when males sever one or both sperm transferring organs, palps. Three types of emasculation, pre-maturation, mating, and post-mating are known in spiders, all having evolved multiple times. Males practicing pre-maturation emasculation sever one of their palps while still immature, then engage in strict monogyny via genital plugging and spontaneous death. Emasculation during mating also results in genital plugs, but half eunuchs have another chance to mate. So far, the behavior of those males that become eunuchs post-mating by self-removing disfigured palps has not been investigated empirically. We test the mechanism and adaptive significance of post-mating emasculation in coin spiders (Herennia multipuncta) and use phylogenetic reconstruction to understand its evolutionary history. Our laboratory assays corroborate three hypotheses related to mate monopolization: (1) The plugging hypothesis-predicting genital plugs to prevent female remating; (2) The better-fighter hypothesis-predicting enhanced eunuch aggressiveness toward rivals; and (3) The gloves-off hypothesis-predicting increased eunuch endurance. The support for these hypotheses in spiders practicing emasculation during and after mating reinforces recent phylogenetic interpretations of these two emasculation types being evolutionarily linked in the family Nephilidae. We weigh the evidence in support of three different, but equally parsimonious scenarios of nephilid emasculation evolution. We conclude that emasculation is an adaptive, sexually selected trait that calls for further comparative and experimental research. C1 [Kuntner, Matjaz; Pristovsek, Urska; Cheng, Ren-Chung; Zhang, Shichang] Slovenian Acad Sci & Arts, Ctr Sci Res, Inst Biol, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Kuntner, Matjaz; Li, Daiqin] Hubei Univ, Coll Life Sci, Ctr Behav Ecol & Evolut, Wuhan, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Kuntner, Matjaz] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Li, Daiqin; Zhang, Shichang] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Tso, I-Min; Liao, Chen-Pan] Tunghai Univ, Dept Life Sci, Taichung 40704, Taiwan. [Miller, Jeremy A.] Nat Biodivers Ctr, Leiden, Netherlands. [Kralj-Fiser, Simona] Univ Primorska, Fac Math Nat Sci & Informat Technol, Koper, Slovenia. RP Kuntner, M (reprint author), Slovenian Acad Sci & Arts, Ctr Sci Res, Inst Biol, Novi Trg 2, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. EM kuntner@gmail.com RI Li, Daiqin/D-6922-2013 OI Li, Daiqin/0000-0001-8269-7734 FU Raffles Museum for Biodiversity Research (RMBR) Short-term Fellowship; Slovenian Research Agency [P10236, MU-PROM/12-001]; NSFC [31272324]; Singapore Ministry of Education (MOE) AcRF grant [R-154-000-476-112]; Ah Meng Conservation Fund [R-154-518-720] FX We thank Ingi Agnarsson for feedback on an early draft and two anonymous reviewers for valuable suggestions. This research was supported in part by a Raffles Museum for Biodiversity Research (RMBR) Short-term Fellowship and the grants P10236 and MU-PROM/12-001 from the Slovenian Research Agency to M.K. and by the NSFC grant (31272324), Singapore Ministry of Education (MOE) AcRF grant (R-154-000-476-112), and Ah Meng Conservation Fund (R-154-518-720) to D.L. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 46 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-5443 EI 1432-0762 J9 BEHAV ECOL SOCIOBIOL JI Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 69 IS 1 BP 117 EP 126 DI 10.1007/s00265-014-1824-6 PG 10 WC Behavioral Sciences; Ecology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA AX8HS UT WOS:000347151400012 ER PT J AU Meyer, CFJ Aguiar, LMS Aguirre, LF Baumgarten, J Clarke, FM Cosson, JF Villegas, SE Fahr, J Faria, D Furey, N Henry, M Jenkins, RKB Kunz, TH MacSwiney, MC Moya, I Pons, JM Racey, PA Rex, K Sampaio, EM Stoner, KE Voigt, CC von Staden, D Weise, CD Kalko, EKV AF Meyer, Christoph F. J. Aguiar, Ludmilla M. S. Aguirre, Luis F. Baumgarten, Julio Clarke, Frank M. Cosson, Jean-Francois Villegas, Sergio Estrada Fahr, Jakob Faria, Deborah Furey, Neil Henry, Mickael Jenkins, Richard K. B. Kunz, Thomas H. MacSwiney G., Ma. Cristina Moya, Isabel Pons, Jean-Marc Racey, Paul A. Rex, Katja Sampaio, Erica M. Stoner, Kathryn E. Voigt, Christian C. von Staden, Dietrich Weise, Christa D. Kalko, Elisabeth K. V. TI Species undersampling in tropical bat surveys: effects on emerging biodiversity patterns SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biodiversity surveys; Chiroptera; cost-effectiveness; representative sampling; species rarity; species subsamples ID MULTIVARIATE ANALYSES; RICHNESS PATTERNS; SAMPLING EFFORT; ASSEMBLAGES; FORESTS; CONSERVATION; SURROGATES; COMMON; BIOASSESSMENT; BIOINDICATORS AB Undersampling is commonplace in biodiversity surveys of species-rich tropical assemblages in which rare taxa abound, with possible repercussions for our ability to implement surveys and monitoring programmes in a cost-effective way. We investigated the consequences of information loss due to species undersampling (missing subsets of species from the full species pool) in tropical bat surveys for the emerging patterns of species richness (SR) and compositional variation across sites. For 27 bat assemblage data sets from across the tropics, we used correlations between original data sets and subsets with different numbers of species deleted either at random, or according to their rarity in the assemblage, to assess to what extent patterns in SR and composition in data subsets are congruent with those in the initial data set. We then examined to what degree high sample representativeness (r08) was influenced by biogeographic region, sampling method, sampling effort or structural assemblage characteristics. For SR, correlations between random subsets and original data sets were strong (r08) with moderate (ca. 20%) species loss. Bias associated with information loss was greater for species composition; on average ca. 90% of species in random subsets had to be retained to adequately capture among-site variation. For nonrandom subsets, removing only the rarest species (on average c.10% of the full data set) yielded strong correlations (r>095) for both SR and composition. Eliminating greater proportions of rare species resulted in weaker correlations and large variation in the magnitude of observed correlations among data sets. Species subsets that comprised ca. 85% of the original set can be considered reliable surrogates, capable of adequately revealing patterns of SR and temporal or spatial turnover in many tropical bat assemblages. Our analyses thus demonstrate the potential as well as limitations for reducing survey effort and streamlining sampling protocols, and consequently for increasing the cost-effectiveness in tropical bat surveys or monitoring programmes. The dependence of the performance of species subsets on structural assemblage characteristics (total assemblage abundance, proportion of rare species), however, underscores the importance of adaptive monitoring schemes and of establishing surrogate performance on a site by site basis based on pilot surveys. C1 [Meyer, Christoph F. J.] Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Ctr Biol Ambiental, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal. [Meyer, Christoph F. J.; Fahr, Jakob; Sampaio, Erica M.; von Staden, Dietrich; Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.] Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Aguiar, Ludmilla M. S.] Univ Brasilia, Dept Zool, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Aguirre, Luis F.] Univ Mayor San Simon, Ctr Biodiversidad & Genet, Cochabamba, Bolivia. [Aguirre, Luis F.; Moya, Isabel] Ctr Estudios Biol Teor & Aplicada, Programa Conservac Ios Murcielagos Bolivia, La Paz, Bolivia. [Baumgarten, Julio; Faria, Deborah] Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Dept Ciencias Biol, BR-45650000 Ilheus, Bahia, Brazil. [Clarke, Frank M.; Furey, Neil; Jenkins, Richard K. B.; MacSwiney G., Ma. Cristina] Univ Aberdeen, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, Scotland. [Cosson, Jean-Francois] INRA, UMR CBGP, F-34988 Montferrier Sur Lez, France. [Villegas, Sergio Estrada] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Freshwater Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53204 USA. [Fahr, Jakob] Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Dept Migrat & Immunoecol, D-78315 Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany. [Fahr, Jakob] Tech Univ Carolo Wilhelmina Braunschweig, Inst Zool, Div Evolutionary Biol, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany. [Henry, Mickael] INRA, UR Abeilles & Environm 406, F-84914 Avignon, France. [Jenkins, Richard K. B.] Madagasikara Voakajy, Antananarivo, Madagascar. [Jenkins, Richard K. B.] Univ Kent, Sch Anthropol & Conservat, DICE, Canterbury CT2 7NR, Kent, England. [Jenkins, Richard K. B.] Bangor Univ, Sch Environm Nat Resources & Geog, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales. [Kunz, Thomas H.] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Ecol & Conservat Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [MacSwiney G., Ma. Cristina] Univ Veracruzana, Ctr Invest Trop, Veracruz 91019, Mexico. [Pons, Jean-Marc] Museum Natl Hist Nat, Dept Systemat & Evolut, UMR 7205, F-75005 Paris, France. [Racey, Paul A.] Univ Exeter, Ctr Ecol & Conservat, Penryn TR10 9EZ, Cornwall, England. [Rex, Katja; Voigt, Christian C.] Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res, D-10315 Berlin, Germany. [Stoner, Kathryn E.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Weise, Christa D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Tucson, AZ 85365 USA. [Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Meyer, CFJ (reprint author), Univ Lisbon, Fac Ciencias, Ctr Biol Ambiental, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal. EM cmeyer@fc.ul.pt RI Meyer, Christoph/A-4363-2012; Stoner, Kathryn/E-1510-2015; Aguiar, Ludmilla/H-7339-2015; baumgarten, julio/A-5630-2012; Aguiar, Ludmilla /J-7659-2012; OI Meyer, Christoph/0000-0001-9958-8913; Stoner, Kathryn/0000-0002-9964-1697; Aguiar, Ludmilla/0000-0002-9180-5052; baumgarten, julio/0000-0001-9258-7547; Aguiar, Ludmilla /0000-0002-9180-5052; Cosson, Jean Francois/0000-0003-0863-5871 FU Conservation International (CI); MacArthur Foundation; German Academic Exchange Service; German Science Foundation [KA 1241/6-1, Vo 890/7]; Leverhulme Trust; National Geographic Society; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [01LC0017, 01LC0411, 01LC0617E1]; Center for Ecology and Conservation Biology, Boston University; Lubee Bat Conservancy; US National Science Foundation; Landesgraduiertenforderung Baden-Wurttemberg; Darwin Initiative; Rufford Foundation; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia [168990]; University of Aberdeen; Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa - CNPq; Electricite de France [EDF CQZH 1294]; Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico FX We thank Conservation International (CI) for financial support. The authors further acknowledge support from the following organizations for funding of the studies included in this work: The MacArthur Foundation (LFA, IM), German Academic Exchange Service (CFJM, JF), German Science Foundation [CFJM, EKVK (KA 1241/6-1), CCV (Vo 890/7)], The Leverhulme Trust (FMC, PAR), The National Geographic Society (RKBJ), German Federal Ministry of Education and Research [JF, EKVK (BIOTA program, Project 01LC0017, 01LC0411 & 01LC0617E1)], The Center for Ecology and Conservation Biology, Boston University (THK, KR, CCV), Lubee Bat Conservancy (THK), US National Science Foundation (THK), Landesgraduiertenforderung Baden-Wurttemberg (JF), The Darwin Initiative (NF, RKBJ), The Rufford Foundation (NF), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia [MCMG (No. 168990)], The University of Aberdeen (MCMG, PAR), Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa - CNPq (LMSA), Electricite de France [MH, JFC, JMP (Convention Museum/EDF CQZH 1294)], and Centro de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (KES). We are grateful to Brock Fenton, two anonymous reviewers and the Associate Editor for valuable comments, which improved the manuscript. This research evolved from a bat monitoring workshop hosted by the TEAM network at CI. Special thanks go to S. Andelman, K.E. Jones, T.H. Kunz and M.R. Willig who were instrumental in pursuing the idea of this meeting. We dedicate this research to our mentor, friend and colleague, Elisabeth Kalko, who sadly died before completion of this manuscript. NR 70 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 60 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8790 EI 1365-2656 J9 J ANIM ECOL JI J. Anim. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 84 IS 1 BP 113 EP 123 DI 10.1111/1365-2656.12261 PG 11 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA AX4NO UT WOS:000346909300011 PM 24942147 ER PT J AU Hubert, N Espiau, B Meyer, C Planes, S AF Hubert, Nicolas Espiau, Benoit Meyer, Christopher Planes, Serge TI Identifying the ichthyoplankton of a coral reef using DNA barcodes SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE community ecology; DNA barcoding; fish; wildlife management ID FISH FAMILY; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS; SPECIES DELIMITATION; LARVAL CONNECTIVITY; MARINE BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; DIVERSITY; PATTERNS; TAXONOMY AB Marine fishes exhibit spectacular phenotypic changes during their ontogeny, and the identification of their early stages is challenging due to the paucity of diagnostic morphological characters at the species level. Meanwhile, the importance of early life stages in dispersal and connectivity has recently experienced an increasing interest in conservation programmes for coral reef fishes. This study aims at assessing the effectiveness of DNA barcoding for the automated identification of coral reef fish larvae through large-scale ecosystemic sampling. Fish larvae were mainly collected using bongo nets and light traps around Moorea between September 2008 and August 2010 in 10 sites distributed in open waters. Fish larvae ranged from 2 to 100mm of total length, with the most abundant individuals being <5mm. Among the 505 individuals DNA barcoded, 373 larvae (i.e. 75%) were identified to the species level. A total of 106 species were detected, among which 11 corresponded to pelagic and bathypelagic species, while 95 corresponded to species observed at the adult stage on neighbouring reefs. This study highlights the benefits and pitfalls of using standardized molecular systems for species identification and illustrates the new possibilities enabled by DNA barcoding for future work on coral reef fish larval ecology. C1 [Hubert, Nicolas] IRD, ISE M UMR226, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. [Espiau, Benoit; Planes, Serge] CRIOBE, USR CNRS EPHE 3278, Moorea 98729, Fr Polynesia. [Espiau, Benoit; Planes, Serge] CRIOBE USR 3278 CNRS EPHE UPVD, Lab Excellence CORAIL, F-66860 Perpignan, France. [Meyer, Christopher] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Planes, S (reprint author), IRD, ISE M UMR226, Bat 22-CC065,Pl Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. EM planes@univ-perp.fr FU Moorea BIOCODE project FX We thank Moorea BIOCODE project, founded by the Moore foundation, for support and funding. Sampling was conducted according to a permanent agreement form 'Delegation a la Recherche' French Polynesia. The authors thank Frank Lerouvreur, Martin Desmalades, David Lecchini and Rene Galzin from the USR 3278 - CRIOBE (Moorea) for their help during the field sampling and larval identification in French Polynesia. Sampling was processed with the help of the Gump station facilities and the help of Frank Murphy and Neil Davis. This publication has number ISEM 2014-071. NR 62 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-098X EI 1755-0998 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 15 IS 1 BP 57 EP 67 DI 10.1111/1755-0998.12293 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AX1HT UT WOS:000346699100006 PM 24935524 ER PT J AU Arthofer, W Banbury, BL Carneiro, M Cicconardi, F Duda, TF Harris, RB Kang, DS Leache, AD Nolte, V Nourisson, C Palmieri, N Schlick-Steiner, BC Schlotterer, C Sequeira, F Sim, C Steiner, FM Vallinoto, M Weese, DA AF Arthofer, Wolfgang Banbury, B. L. Carneiro, Miguel Cicconardi, Francesco Duda, Thomas F. Harris, R. B. Kang, David S. Leache, A. D. Nolte, Viola Nourisson, Coralie Palmieri, Nicola Schlick-Steiner, Birgit C. Schloetterer, Christian Sequeira, Fernando Sim, Cheolho Steiner, Florian M. Vallinoto, Marcelo Weese, David A. CA Genomic Resources Dev Consortium TI Genomic Resources Notes Accepted 1 August 2014-30 September 2014 SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article AB This article documents the public availability of (i) transcriptome sequence data, assembly and annotation, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for the cone snail Conus miliaris; (ii) a set of SNP markers for two biotypes from the Culex pipiens mosquito complex; (iii) transcriptome sequence data, assembly and annotation for the mountain fly Drosophila nigrosparsa; (iv) transcriptome sequence data, assembly and annotation and SNPs for the Neotropical toads Rhinella marina and R.schneideri; and (v) partial genomic sequence assembly and annotation for 35 spiny lizard species (Genus Sceloporus). C1 [Arthofer, Wolfgang] Mol Ecol Resources Editorial Off, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Cicconardi, Francesco; Schlick-Steiner, Birgit C.; Steiner, Florian M.; Genomic Resources Dev Consortium] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ecol, Mol Ecol Grp, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Banbury, B. L.; Harris, R. B.; Leache, A. D.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Banbury, B. L.; Harris, R. B.; Leache, A. D.] Univ Washington, Burke Museum Nat Hist & Culture, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Carneiro, Miguel; Nourisson, Coralie; Sequeira, Fernando; Vallinoto, Marcelo] Univ Porto, CIBIO InBIO, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal. [Duda, Thomas F.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. [Duda, Thomas F.] Univ Michigan, Museum Zool, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. [Duda, Thomas F.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 084303092, Ancon, Panama. [Kang, David S.; Sim, Cheolho] Baylor Univ, Dept Biol, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Nolte, Viola; Palmieri, Nicola; Schloetterer, Christian] Vetmeduni Vienna, Inst Populat Genet, A-1210 Vienna, Austria. [Vallinoto, Marcelo] Univ Fed Para, Inst Coastal Studies IECOS, BR-68600000 Braganca, PA, Brazil. [Weese, David A.] Georgia Coll & State Univ, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Milledgeville, GA 31061 USA. RP Arthofer, W (reprint author), Univ Innsbruck, Inst Ecol, Mol Ecol Grp, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. RI Sequeira, Fernando/C-3119-2012; Vallinoto, Marcelo/J-3086-2012; Schlotterer, Christian/G-6326-2010 OI Sequeira, Fernando/0000-0003-0740-7981; Vallinoto, Marcelo/0000-0002-3465-3830; Schlotterer, Christian/0000-0003-4710-6526 NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-098X EI 1755-0998 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 15 IS 1 BP 228 EP 229 DI 10.1111/1755-0998.12340 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AX1HT UT WOS:000346699100021 ER PT J AU Bowen, GJ Maibauer, BJ Kraus, MJ Rohl, U Westerhold, T Steimke, A Gingerich, PD Wing, SL Clyde, WC AF Bowen, Gabriel J. Maibauer, Bianca J. Kraus, Mary J. Roehl, Ursula Westerhold, Thomas Steimke, Amy Gingerich, Philip D. Wing, Scott L. Clyde, William C. TI Two massive, rapid releases of carbon during le onset of the Palaeocene-Eocene thermal maximum SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BIGHORN BASIN; WILLWOOD FORMATION; METHANE HYDRATE; CLIMATE; HYPERTHERMALS; USA AB The Earths climate abruptly warmed by 5-8 degrees C during the Palaeocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM), about 55.5 million years ago(1,2). This warming was associated with a massive addition of carbon to the oceanatmosphere system, but estimates of the Earth system response to this perturbation are complicated by widely varying estimates of the duration of carbon release, which range from less than a year to tens of thousands of years. In addition the source of the carbon, and whether it was released as a single injection or in several pulses, remains the subject of debate(2-4). Here we present a new high-resolution carbon isotope record from terrestrial deposits in the Bighorn Basin (Wyoming, USA) spanning the PETM, and interpret the record using a carbon-cycle box model of the ocean-atmosphere-biosphere system. Our record shows that the beginning of the PETM is characterized by not one but two distinct carbon release events, separated by a recovery to background values. To reproduce this pattern, our model requires two discrete pulses of carbon released directly to the atmosphere, at average rates exceeding 0.9 Pg C yr(-1), with the first pulse lasting fewer than 2,000 years. We thus conclude that the PETM involved one or more reservoirs capable of repeated, catastrophic carbon release, and that rates of carbon release during the PETM were more similar to those associated with modern anthropogenic emissions(5) than previously suggested(3-4). C1 [Bowen, Gabriel J.; Maibauer, Bianca J.; Steimke, Amy] Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Bowen, Gabriel J.; Maibauer, Bianca J.] Univ Utah, Global Change & Sustainabil Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Kraus, Mary J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Roehl, Ursula; Westerhold, Thomas] Univ Bremen, MARUM Ctr Marine Environm Sci, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. [Gingerich, Philip D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Wing, Scott L.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Clyde, William C.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Earth Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Bowen, GJ (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM gabe.bowen@utah.edu RI Gingerich, Philip/A-6903-2008; Kraus, Mary/C-3323-2008; Rohl, Ursula/G-5986-2011; Clyde, William/C-9595-2017; OI Gingerich, Philip/0000-0002-1550-2674; Kraus, Mary/0000-0002-1721-2566; Rohl, Ursula/0000-0001-9469-7053; Clyde, William/0000-0001-8814-3409; Wing, Scott/0000-0002-2954-8905 FU United States National Science Foundation [0958821, 0958622, 0958583, 1261312]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft FX This research used samples and/or data provided by the Bighorn Basin Coring Project (BBCP), and we thank BBCP Science Team for participation in core collection, processing and sampling. We are greatful to H. Kuhlmann, H.-J. Wallrabe-Adams, L. Schnieders, V. Lukies, A. Wulbers and W. Hale for their assistance throughout the project. We are indebted to R. Wilkens for providing knowledge and access to image analysis procedures.We thank V. Srinivasargaghava, J. VanDeVelde, B. Theiling and S. Chakraborty for assisstance with laboratory analyses. Funding for this research was provided by United States National Science Foundation grants 0958821, 0958622, 0958583 and 1261312, and by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. NR 30 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 8 U2 80 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1752-0894 EI 1752-0908 J9 NAT GEOSCI JI Nat. Geosci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 8 IS 1 BP 44 EP 47 DI 10.1038/NGEO2316 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA AX3FF UT WOS:000346825000014 ER PT J AU Wolfe, BT Dent, DH Deago, J Wishnie, MH AF Wolfe, Brett T. Dent, Daisy H. Deago, Jos Wishnie, Mark H. TI Forest regeneration under Tectona grandis and Terminalia amazonia plantation stands managed for biodiversity conservation in western Panama SO NEW FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Diversity; Native species; Reforestation; Restoration ID DEGRADED TROPICAL LANDS; COSTA-RICA; SPECIES PLANTATIONS; SECONDARY FORESTS; TREE PLANTATIONS; TEAK PLANTATIONS; DIVERSITY; RESTORATION; PASTURE; PURE AB Plantations of Tectona grandis in Central America are widely perceived to suppress forest regeneration in their understories, yet few studies have tested this assumption. We surveyed the understory woody vegetation growing in 7-year-old stands of T. grandis and the native tree species Terminalia amazonia in a plantation in western Panama that was managed with both commercial timber and biodiversity conservation objectives. We predicted that if T. grandis suppressed forest regeneration then the understories of T. grandis stands would have a lower density of woody stems, smaller stems, and fewer species than stands of T. amazonia. None of our predictions were supported. Densities of woody stems were 0.56 +/- A 0.21 m(-2) (mean +/- A SE) and 0.64 +/- A 0.10 m(-2) in T. grandis and T. amazonia understories, respectively. Stem height structure was similar under both species, where stems < 1 m height dominated. Understory species richness did not differ between the two species; in total, 27 and 30 woody species were sampled in T. grandis and T. amazonia stands, respectively. However, understory species composition differed between the two crop species. Overall, our results are inconsistent with the idea that T. grandis plantations suppress forest regeneration and suggest that the lack of woody vegetation in other T. grandis plantation understories may be attributable to management actions, such as understory thinning, rather than species effects of T. grandis. Further research is needed to compare T. grandis and native species for their effects on forest regeneration. C1 [Wolfe, Brett T.; Dent, Daisy H.; Deago, Jos; Wishnie, Mark H.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Native Species Reforestat Project PRORENA, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Dent, Daisy H.] Univ Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland. [Wishnie, Mark H.] Seaview Nat Resource Consulting LLC, Seattle, WA 98107 USA. RP Wolfe, BT (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM btwolfe@gmail.com RI Dent, Daisy/L-3549-2016 OI Dent, Daisy/0000-0002-1219-7344 FU Frank Levinson Donor-Advised Fund at the Peninsula Community Foundation; Levinson Family Foundation; Grantham Family Foundation FX We thank Iliana Armien and Andreas Eke for facilitating research at the Futuro Forestal plantations, Emilio Mariscal for training, Carolina Sarmiento for help in making Fig. 1, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript. This research was undertaken as part of PRORENA, a collaborative native species reforestation research project between the School of Forestry and Environmental Studies of Yale University and the Center for Tropical Forest Science at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Financial support for PRORENA has been provided by the Frank Levinson Donor-Advised Fund at the Peninsula Community Foundation, the Levinson Family Foundation, and the Grantham Family Foundation. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4286 EI 1573-5095 J9 NEW FOREST JI New For. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 46 IS 1 BP 157 EP 165 DI 10.1007/s11056-014-9448-2 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AX6MH UT WOS:000347035800010 ER PT J AU Guzman, HM Condit, R Perez-Ortega, B Capella, JJ Stevick, PT AF Guzman, Hector M. Condit, Richard Perez-Ortega, Betzi Capella, Juan J. Stevick, Peter T. TI Population size and migratory connectivity of humpback whales wintering in Las Perlas Archipelago, Panama SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE humpback whale; Megaptera novaeangliae; nursery area; population size; satellite tracking; Las Perlas Archipelago; Panama; Antarctic Peninsula; southeastern Pacific stock ID MEGAPTERA-NOVAEANGLIAE; SOUTHEAST PACIFIC; DESTINATIONS; HEMISPHERE; MOVEMENTS; ABUNDANCE; STRAIT; RECORD AB From 2003 to 2009, we surveyed Las Perlas Archipelago off the Pacific coast of Panama 53 times between the months of August and October to estimate abundance of humpback whales and to test for a migratory connection with populations from the southern hemisphere. We identified 295 individuals using photo-identification of dorsal fins, including 58 calves, and the population estimate for a single season was 100-300 solitary adults plus 25-50 mothers with calves; the estimated population of animals across all seasons using a mark and recapture model was over 1,000. Eight of the 139 fluke identifications were matched to whales in photograph catalogues from the Antarctic Peninsula and a ninth was matched to a whale sighted in Chilean waters; four of these nine individuals have also been sighted in Colombia. We conclude that Panama (Las Perlas Archipelago in particular) is an important calving area for humpback whales in the Southern Hemisphere. These data should provide a foundation for monitoring of population change and to increase awareness in Panama about the need to manage vessel traffic and tourism related to the whales at Las Perlas. C1 [Guzman, Hector M.; Condit, Richard; Perez-Ortega, Betzi] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Capella, Juan J.] Whalesound Ltda, Punta Arenas, Chile. [Stevick, Peter T.] Coll Atlantic, Bar Harbor, ME 05609 USA. RP Guzman, HM (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, POB 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. EM guzmanh@si.edu FU Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Panama (SENACYT); Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; International Community Foundation; DEFRA's Darwin Initiative Fund (UK); Heriot-Watt University FX Thanks go to Carlos Guevara, Alexis Lam, Lillian Florez-Gonzalez, Salome Rangel, and the crew of the R/V Urraca from the Smithsonian for vessel support and field assistance in photo-identification. We thank Judy Allen and John Viechnicki from the College of the Atlantic and Martha Elena Llano from Fundacion Ecologica SENTIR for their help with regional photo-identification. We thank the Republic of Panama for providing us with permits to work in the country. We thank three anonymous reviewers for their comments and improvement to previous versions of the manuscript and Dr. Tim Gerrodette for his numerous and valuable comments that improved the quality of our manuscript. The authors wish to acknowledge use of the Maptool program for analysis and graphics in this paper (available at http://www.seaturtle.org/maptool). This study was sponsored by the Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Panama (SENACYT), the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, the International Community Foundation, DEFRA's Darwin Initiative Fund (UK) and the Heriot-Watt University. This study was conducted under permits issued by the Government of Panama and the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. The authors have no conflict of interest to declare. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0824-0469 EI 1748-7692 J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI JI Mar. Mamm. Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 31 IS 1 BP 90 EP 105 DI 10.1111/mms.12136 PG 16 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA AX2JK UT WOS:000346769200005 ER PT J AU Mayor, J Bahram, M Henkel, T Buegger, F Pritsch, K Tedersoo, L AF Mayor, Jordan Bahram, Mohammad Henkel, Terry Buegger, Franz Pritsch, Karin Tedersoo, Leho TI Ectomycorrhizal impacts on plant nitrogen nutrition: emerging isotopic patterns, latitudinal variation and hidden mechanisms SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Review DE Above- and below-ground interactions; nutrient cycling; nutrient limitation; plant-soil interactions; tropical ecology; structural equation modelling; N-15 ID N-15 NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; AFROTROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; TROPICAL FORESTS; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; TEMPERATE FORESTS; GLOBAL PATTERNS; ORGANIC-MATTER; CARBON STORAGE; BOREAL FOREST AB Ectomycorrhizal (EcM)-mediated nitrogen (N) acquisition is one main strategy used by terrestrial plants to facilitate growth. Measurements of natural abundance nitrogen isotope ratios (denoted as N-15 relative to a standard) increasingly serve as integrative proxies for mycorrhiza-mediated N acquisition due to biological fractionation processes that alter N-15:N-14 ratios. Current understanding of these processes is based on studies from high-latitude ecosystems where plant productivity is largely limited by N availability. Much less is known about the cause and utility of ecosystem N-15 patterns in the tropics. Using structural equation models, model selection and isotope mass balance we assessed relationships among co-occurring soil, mycorrhizal plants and fungal N pools measured from 40 high- and 9 low-latitude ecosystems. At low latitudes N-15-enrichment caused ecosystem components to significantly deviate from those in higher latitudes. Collectively, N-15 patterns suggested reduced N-dependency and unique sources of EcM N-15-enrichment under conditions of high N availability typical of the tropics. Understanding the role of mycorrhizae in global N cycles will require reevaluation of high-latitude perspectives on fractionation sources that structure ecosystem N-15 patterns, as well as better integration of EcM function with biogeochemical theories pertaining to climate-nutrient cycling relationships. C1 [Mayor, Jordan] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Bahram, Mohammad; Tedersoo, Leho] Univ Tartu, Inst Ecol & Earth Sci, EE-50411 Tartu, Estonia. [Henkel, Terry] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Buegger, Franz; Pritsch, Karin] German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Inst Soil Ecol, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. [Tedersoo, Leho] Univ Tartu, Nat Hist Museum, EE-51005 Tartu, Estonia. RP Mayor, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, POB 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM clavulina@gmail.com RI Bahram, Mohammad/A-9766-2010 FU National Science Foundation [OISE-1012703]; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute's Fellowship program; Wallenberg Scholar Award; Estonian Science Foundation [9286, PUT171]; FIBIR; NSF DEB [0918591]; National Geographic Society; [EMP265] FX Support for J.M. was provided by the National Science Foundation's International Research Fellowship Program (OISE-1012703) and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute's Fellowship program. A Wallenberg Scholar Award to D. Wardle provided post-doctoral support for J.M. while finalising the manuscript at SLU. Support for L.T. and M.B. was provided by the Estonian Science Foundation grants 9286, PUT171, FIBIR and EMP265. Support for T.H. was provided by NSF DEB 0918591 and the National Geographic Society. We thank: B. Turner for facilitating laboratory analyses in Panama; J. Dalling for providing access to plot census data in Fortuna, Panama; the Guyana Environmental Protection Agency and STRI-ANAM in Panama for research permits; K. Hosaka, and P.Q. Thu and T.T. Dang for facilitating collecting trips to Japan and Vietnam; G. Crummer, D. Agudo, H. Harend, M. Haugas and S. Anslan for lab assistance with some of the original stable isotope analyses; and, M. Dunthorn and three anonymous reviewers for improving an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 85 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 24 U2 188 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X EI 1461-0248 J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 18 IS 1 BP 96 EP 107 DI 10.1111/ele.12377 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AW7SJ UT WOS:000346464400010 PM 25354810 ER PT J AU Berrocoso, AJ Huber, BT MacLeod, KG Petrizzo, MR Lees, JA Wendler, I Coxall, H Mweneinda, AK Falzoni, F Birch, H Haynes, SJ Bown, PR Robinson, SA Singano, JM AF Jimenez Berrocoso, Alvaro Huber, Brian T. MacLeod, Kenneth G. Petrizzo, Maria Rose Lees, Jacqueline A. Wendler, Ines Coxall, Helen Mweneinda, Amina K. Falzoni, Francesca Birch, Heather Haynes, Shannon J. Bown, Paul R. Robinson, Stuart A. Singano, Joyce M. TI The Lindi Formation (upper Albian-Coniacian) and Tanzania Drilling Project Sites 36-40 (Lower Cretaceous to Paleogene): Lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy and chemostratigraphy SO JOURNAL OF AFRICAN EARTH SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Mandawa and Ruvuma basins; Lindi Formation; Upper Cretaceous biostratigraphy; Glassy foraminifera; Pristine calcareous nannofossils; Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary ID SOUTHERN COASTAL TANZANIA; KILWA AREA; EOCENE/OLIGOCENE BOUNDARY; PLANKTONIC-FORAMINIFERA; APTIAN/ALBIAN BOUNDARY; SOUTHEASTERN TANZANIA; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; SEDIMENT CORES; PRE-GUITTARD; SECTION AB The 2009 Tanzania Drilling Project (TDP) expedition to southeastern Tanzania cored a total of 572.3 m of sediments at six new mid-Cretaceous to mid-Paleocene boreholes (TDP Sites 36, 37, 38, 39, 40A, 40B). Added to the sites drilled in 2007 and 2008, the new boreholes confirm the common excellent preservation of planktonic and benthic foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils from core samples that will be used for biostratigraphy, evolutionary studies, paleoceanography and climatic reconstructions from the Tanzanian margin, with implications elsewhere. The new sites verify the presence of a relatively expanded Upper Cretaceous succession in the region that has allowed a new stratigraphic unit, named here as the Lindi Formation (Fm), to be formally defined. The Lindi Fm (upper Albian to Coniacian), extending similar to 120 km between Kilwa and Lindi, comprises a 335-m-thick, outer-shelf to upper-slope unit, consisting of dark gray claystone and siltstone interbeds, common finely-laminated intervals, minor cm-thick sandstones and up to 2.6% organic carbon in the Turonian. A subsurface, composite stratotype section is proposed for the Lindi Fm, with a gradational top boundary with the overlying Nangurukuru Fm (Santonian to Maastrichtian) and a sharp bottom contact with underlying upper Albian sandstones. The section cored at TDP Sites 36 and 38 belongs to the Lindi Fm and are of lower to middle Turonian age (planktonic foraminifera Whiteinella archaeocretacea to Helvetoglobotruncana helvetica Zones and nannofossils subzones UC6b +/- UC7). The lower portion of TDP Site 39 (uppermost part of the Lindi Fm) is assigned to the lower to upper Coniacian (planktonic foraminifera Dicarinella concavata Zone and nannofossils zone UC 10), while the remaining part of this site is attributed to the Coniacian-Santonian transition and younger Santonian (planktonic foraminifera D. asymetrica Zone and upper part of nannofossils zone UC10). TDP Site 37 recovered relatively expanded (150 m thick), monotonous calcareous claystones from the lower to upper Maastrichtian (planktonic foraminifera Pseudoguembelina palpebra to Abathomphalus mayaroensis Zones and nannofossils zones UC19 to UC20a(TP)) that were separated by a hiatus and/or a faulted contact from overlying brecciated carbonates of the Selandian (middle Paleocene: PF Zone P3 and nannofossil zone NP5). The lower portion of TDP Sites 40A and 40B recovered sandstones and conglomerates barren of microfossils. Their overlying parts were assigned to incomplete sections of the nannofossil zones NC6A to NC8 (uppermost Barremian to lower Albian). Benthic foraminiferal assemblages allowed the Barremian to lower Aptian to be identified in TDP Sites 40A and 40B, while the upper Aptian to middle Albian (Hedbergella trocoidea to Ticinella primula Zones) were assigned using planktonic foraminifera. Cores recovered at TDP 39 (Coniacian-Santonian) and at TDP Sites 40A and 40B (Barremian-middle Albian) represent the first time that these two intervals have been continuously cored and publicly documented in Tanzania. Bulk sediment isotope records generated for the new sites show lower delta O-18(carb) values in the Turonian and Santonian (similar to-3.5 parts per thousand to -5 parts per thousand) than in the Maastrichtian (similar to-3 parts per thousand), a situation consistent with extreme global warmth in the older intervals and cooling toward the end of the Cretaceous. Also, similar to Turonian sites from previous TDP expeditions, a negative delta C-13(org) excursion was detected across the W. archaeocretacea-H. helvetica boundary of TDP Site 36 (close to, but above, the Cenomanian-Turonian boundary). This excursion probably responded to local processes in the region, but it is unknown whether they were related to the recovery phase from Ocean Anoxic Event 2. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jimenez Berrocoso, Alvaro] Repsol Explorac, Madrid 28045, Spain. [Huber, Brian T.] Smithsonian Museum Nat Hist, MRC 121, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [MacLeod, Kenneth G.; Haynes, Shannon J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Geol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Petrizzo, Maria Rose; Falzoni, Francesca] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Sci Terra Ardito Desio, Milan, Italy. [Lees, Jacqueline A.; Bown, Paul R.] UCL, Dept Earth Sci, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Wendler, Ines] Univ Bremen, D-28334 Bremen, Germany. [Coxall, Helen] Stockholm Univ, Dept Geol Sci, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Coxall, Helen] Cardiff Univ, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Cardiff CF10 3AT, S Glam, Wales. [Mweneinda, Amina K.; Singano, Joyce M.] Tanzania Petr Dev Corp, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Birch, Heather] RPS Energy, Surrey GU21 6DH, England. [Robinson, Stuart A.] Univ Oxford, Dept Earth Sci, Oxford OX1 3AN, England. RP Berrocoso, AJ (reprint author), Repsol Serv Co, 2455 Technol Forest Blvd, The Woodlands, TX 77381 USA. EM alvaro.jimenez.b@repsol.com RI Robinson, Stuart/C-4808-2011; MacLeod, Kenneth/C-4042-2017; Petrizzo, Maria Rose/M-8672-2013; OI Robinson, Stuart/0000-0003-4329-1058; MacLeod, Kenneth/0000-0002-6016-0837; Petrizzo, Maria Rose/0000-0002-9584-8471; LEES, JACKIE/0000-0003-0737-8826; Falzoni, Francesca/0000-0002-5694-9827; Bown, Paul/0000-0001-6777-4463 FU USA National Science Foundation [EAR 0642993]; Smithsonian Walcott Fund; NERC [NE/G004986/1]; Royal Society University Research; MIUR-Prin [2007-2007W9B2WE001]; PUR of the Universita degli Studi di Milano; Universita degli Studi di Milano FX The Tanzania Petroleum Development Corporation and the Tanzanian Commission for Science and Technology are acknowledged for logistical support and permission to carry out this research in the field. We appreciate the generous hospitality and valuable technical assistance of Emma Msaky, Frank Mayagilo and Uyubu. Fieldwork and drilling were funded by a USA National Science Foundation grant to KGM and BTH (EAR 0642993) and a Smithsonian Walcott Fund grant to BTH. JAL was funded by the NERC (Grant NE/G004986/1). TDP Site 37 and TDP Sites 40A and 40B were partially funded by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship held by HKC and SAR, respectively. AJB was partially funded by JAL. Financial support to MRP was provided by MIUR-Prin 2007-2007W9B2WE001 and PUR 2008 of the Universita degli Studi di Milano. The PhD program of the Universita degli Studi di Milano is acknowledged for funding FF. AJB did the sedimentological and facies analysis. BTH, MRP, HC, FF, HB and AM did the planktonic foraminiferal biostratigraphy. JAL and PRB did the calcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy. IW did the benthic foraminiferal analysis. KGM, SJH, SR and AM carried out the geochemical measurements. All co-authors collaborated on writing the manuscript. NR 72 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1464-343X EI 1879-1956 J9 J AFR EARTH SCI JI J. Afr. Earth Sci. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 101 BP 282 EP 308 DI 10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2014.09.017 PG 27 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA AX0CZ UT WOS:000346622300022 ER PT J AU Arcila, D Pyron, RA Tyler, JC Orti, G Betancur-R, R AF Arcila, Dahiana Pyron, R. Alexander Tyler, James C. Orti, Guillermo Betancur-R., Ricardo TI An evaluation of fossil tip-dating versus node-age calibrations in tetraodontiform fishes (Teleostei: Percomorphaceae) SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Molecular clock calibration; Fossil record; Tip-dating method; Acanthomorph diversification; Tetraodontiformes ID DIVERGENCE TIME-ESTIMATION; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME SEQUENCES; LONG-BRANCH ATTRACTION; MOLECULAR CLOCK; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; NORTHERN CAUCASUS; DNA-SEQUENCES; TERMINAL TAXA; DIVERSIFICATION; EVOLUTION AB Time-calibrated phylogenies based on molecular data provide a framework for comparative studies. Calibration methods to combine fossil information with molecular phylogenies are, however, under active development, often generating disagreement about the best way to incorporate paleontological data into these analyses. This study provides an empirical comparison of the most widely used approach based on node-dating priors for relaxed clocks implemented in the programs BEAST and MrBayes, with two recently proposed improvements: one using a new fossilized birth-death process model for node dating (implemented in the program DPPDiv), and the other using a total-evidence or tip-dating method (implemented in MrBayes and BEAST). These methods are applied herein to tetraodontiform fishes, a diverse group of living and extinct taxa that features one of the most extensive fossil records among teleosts. Previous estimates of time-calibrated phylogenies of tetraodontiforms using node-dating methods reported disparate estimates for their age of origin, ranging from the late Jurassic to the early Paleocene (ca. 150-59 Ma). We analyzed a comprehensive dataset with 16 loci and 210 morphological characters, including 131 taxa (95 extant and 36 fossil species) representing all families of fossil and extant tetraodontiforms, under different molecular clock calibration approaches. Results from node-dating methods produced consistently younger ages than the tip-dating approaches. The older ages inferred by tip dating imply an unlikely early-late Jurassic (ca. 185-119 Ma) origin for this order and the existence of extended ghost lineages in their fossil record. Node-based methods, by contrast, produce time estimates that are more consistent with the stratigraphic record, suggesting a late Cretaceous (ca. 86-96 Ma) origin. We show that the precision of clade age estimates using tip dating increases with the number of fossils analyzed and with the proximity of fossil taxa to the node under assessment. This study suggests that current implementations of tip dating may overestimate ages of divergence in calibrated phylogenies. It also provides a comprehensive phylogenetic framework for tetraodontiform systematics and future comparative studies. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Arcila, Dahiana; Pyron, R. Alexander; Orti, Guillermo] George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Arcila, Dahiana; Tyler, James C.; Betancur-R., Ricardo] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Betancur-R., Ricardo] Univ Puerto Rico Rio Piedras, Dept Biol, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. RP Arcila, D (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 2023 G St NW, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM arciladk@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation [DEB-1019308, DBI-0905765] FX We thank J. Clark, F. Anderson, M. Holder, T. Heath, and an anonymous reviewer for their comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. We are also thankful to S. Klopfstein and H. Wood for providing their tip-dating trees. This research was partially funded by National Science Foundation Grants DEB-1019308 (Euteleost Tree of Life) to GO and DBI-0905765 to RAP. NR 91 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 7 U2 43 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 82 BP 131 EP 145 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.10.011 PN A PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AW3YU UT WOS:000346219800011 PM 25462998 ER PT J AU Jones, A AF Jones, Andy TI Belowground fine root productivity, traits, and trees SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE belowground interactions; community assembly; DNA-based methods; fine root biomass; functional and phylogenetic diversity; primary productivity; soil resource availability; trees ID PLANT DIVERSITY; PATTERNS C1 [Jones, Andy] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Jones, Andy] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Jones, A (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM jonesfr@science.oregonstate.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 60 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 205 IS 2 BP 461 EP 462 DI 10.1111/nph.13222 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AW9NO UT WOS:000346584600003 PM 25521068 ER PT J AU Nottingham, AT Turner, BL Stott, AW Tanner, EVJ AF Nottingham, Andrew T. Turner, Benjamin L. Stott, Andrew W. Tanner, Edmund V. J. TI Nitrogen and phosphorus constrain labile and stable carbon turnover in lowland tropical forest soils SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Carbon dioxide; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Priming effects; Microorganisms; Stable isotopes ID RAIN-FOREST; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; ORGANIC-MATTER; DYNAMICS; LITTERFALL; MINERALIZATION; CHRONOSEQUENCE; STOICHIOMETRY; DECOMPOSITION; RESPIRATION AB Tropical forests contain a large stock of soil carbon, but the factors that constrain its mineralization remain poorly understood. Microorganisms, when stimulated by the presence of new inputs of labile organic carbon, can mineralize ('prime') soil organic matter to acquire nutrients. We used stable carbon isotopes to assess how nutrient demand and soil properties constrain mineralization of added labile (sucrose) carbon and pre-existing (primed) soil carbon in tropical forest soils. In a series of lowland tropical forest soils from Panama, we found that the mineralization of fresh labile carbon was accelerated foremost by phosphorus addition, whereas the mineralization of pre-existing soil carbon was constrained foremost by nitrogen addition. However, there was variation in the relative importance of these nutrients in different soils and the largest effects on the acceleration of sucrose metabolism and constraint of priming occurred following the addition of nitrogen and phosphorus together. The respiration responses due to sucrose or primed soil carbon mineralization were reduced at pH below 4.8 and above 6.0. We conclude that in these tropical forest soils, phosphorus availability is more important in promoting microbial mineralization of sucrose carbon, whereas nitrogen availability is more important in constraining the priming of pre-existing soil organic carbon. This response likely arises because nitrogen is more closely coupled to organic matter cycling, whereas phosphorus is abundant in both organic and inorganic forms. These results suggest that the greatest impact of priming on soil carbon stocks will occur in moderately acidic tropical forest soils of low nitrogen availability. Given long-term changes in both atmospheric carbon dioxide and nitrogen deposition, the impact of priming effects on soil carbon in tropical forest soils may be partially constrained by the abundance of nitrogen. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Nottingham, Andrew T.; Tanner, Edmund V. J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Plant Sci, Cambridge CB2 3EA, England. [Nottingham, Andrew T.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, Midlothian, Scotland. [Nottingham, Andrew T.; Turner, Benjamin L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Stott, Andrew W.] Lancaster Environm Ctr, Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Lancaster LA1 4AP, England. RP Nottingham, AT (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Drummond St, Edinburgh EH8 9XP, Midlothian, Scotland. EM anotting@staffmail.ed.ac.uk RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011; STOTT, ANDREW /I-7920-2012 OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722; FU Smithsonian Short Term Fellowship Program; Natural Environmental Research Council [NER/S/A/2004/12241A]; Natural Environmental Research Council (LSMSF allocation) [SI-025] FX We thank T. Romero, D. Agudo and D. de la Cruz for laboratory assistance. We thank S. Joseph Wright and three anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier versions of the manuscript Funding was provided by grants from the Smithsonian Short Term Fellowship Program and the Natural Environmental Research Council to A.T.N. (NER/S/A/2004/12241A; LSMSF allocation SI-025). NR 50 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 14 U2 164 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 80 BP 26 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.09.012 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AW8YS UT WOS:000346545800006 ER PT J AU Muirhead, JR Minton, MS Miller, WA Ruiz, GM AF Muirhead, Jim R. Minton, Mark S. Miller, Whitman A. Ruiz, Gregory M. TI Projected effects of the Panama Canal expansion on shipping traffic and biological invasions SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article DE Ballast water; biological invasions; hull fouling; marine invasions; Panama canal; shipping ID CRAB HEMIGRAPSUS-SANGUINEUS; BALLAST WATER; MARINE ORGANISMS; ATLANTIC COAST; NORTH-AMERICA; TRANSPORT; SHIPS; MOVEMENTS; GRAPSIDAE; PATTERNS AB AimThe Panama Canal expansion, scheduled for completion in 2015, is expected to have major effects on commercial shipping and port operations throughout the world, with potential consequences for the transfer and establishment of non-indigenous species that remain largely unexplored. We developed a series of scenario-based models to examine how shipping traffic patterns may change after expansion and consider possible implications for species transfers and invasion dynamics in the USA. LocationCoastal USA, excluding Alaska and Hawaii MethodsUsing a Monte Carlo simulation approach, we predicted changes in discharged ballast water, wetted surface area of ship hulls and frequency of ship arrivals modelled under scenarios that are based on (1) current shipping patterns from the western Pacific Rim to the USA, (2) estimates of fleet expansion and (3) diversion of traffic away from the US West Coast through the Panama Canal. ResultsDuring the 5-year period following canal expansion (2015-2019), our models estimated that the Gulf and East coasts would receive 78% and 99% median increases in total ballast discharge and 172% and 182% increases in total wetted surface area, respectively. For the West Coast, our models estimated 9.6% median decreases in both total ballast discharge and wetted surface area. We further predict that many ports in the Gulf and East coasts will receive up to three times the current number of arrivals and increased ballast water discharge, from this region after expansion. Main conclusionsOur scenario-based analysis provides a first estimate for increases in frequency, magnitude and spatial distribution of exposure that the Gulf and East coasts will experience due to ships and ballast arriving from the western Pacific, following the canal expansion. If organisms transported via ballast water or ship hulls are able to survive transit of the canal, the predictions suggest increased likelihood of introduction along these coasts by species originating in the western Pacific. C1 [Muirhead, Jim R.; Minton, Mark S.; Miller, Whitman A.; Ruiz, Gregory M.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Muirhead, JR (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28,647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM muirheadj@si.edu OI Minton, Mark/0000-0002-9439-4930; Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X FU US Coast Guard; Smithsonian Institution FX We thank Mark Torchin, Louise McKenzie and Richard Everett for providing useful information and insight during discussions. Funding was provided by the US Coast Guard and Smithsonian Institution in support of this project. NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 48 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 21 IS 1 BP 75 EP 87 DI 10.1111/ddi.12260 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AW3JI UT WOS:000346182200008 ER PT J AU Burghardt, GM Dinets, V Murphy, JB AF Burghardt, Gordon M. Dinets, Vladimir Murphy, James B. TI Highly Repetitive Object Play in a Cichlid Fish (Tropheus duboisi) SO ETHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cichlid fish; object manipulation; play; Tropheus duboisi AB Whether play occurs in fishes has long been a contentious issue, but recent observations document that social, object, and locomotor play can all be found in some species of teleosts. However, quantitative studies and those documenting individual differences are rare. We recorded hundreds of occurrences of an unusual behavior in three male Tropheus duboisi. The target behavior of attacking and deflecting an object that rapidly returned to its upright position not only fit the criteria for play behavior, but differed quantitatively and qualitatively among the individuals. This behavior has not been observed in other species of cichlids and other kinds of fishes. The presence or absence of food or other fish either within the aquarium or visible in an adjacent aquarium had no marked or consistent effect on the occurrence of the behavior. Various explanations for the origin and function of the behavior are discussed. C1 [Burghardt, Gordon M.; Dinets, Vladimir] Univ Tennessee, Dept Psychol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Burghardt, Gordon M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Murphy, James B.] Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Dept Herpetol, Washington, DC USA. RP Burghardt, GM (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Psychol, 1404 Circle Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM gburghar@utk.edu NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0179-1613 EI 1439-0310 J9 ETHOLOGY JI Ethology PD JAN PY 2015 VL 121 IS 1 BP 38 EP 44 DI 10.1111/eth.12312 PG 7 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA AW0FC UT WOS:000345965200006 ER PT J AU Danner, RM Greenberg, R AF Danner, Raymond M. Greenberg, Russell TI A critical season approach to Allen's rule: bill size declines with winter temperature in a cold temperate environment SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Allen's rule; avian bill; bill size; eastern North America; ecogeographical principle; Emberizinae; heat dissipation; Melospiza melodia; thermoregulation; water balance ID HEAT-LOSS; ECOLOGY AB AimBill size is positively correlated with average air temperature in several avian taxa. The conventional explanation for this pattern is that the poorly insulated surface area of the bill functions to dissipate excess heat in hot climates or retain heat in cold climates (Allen's rule). We hypothesize that the applicability of Allen's rule depends upon the season of critical thermal stress, which may vary by location and species. We previously found that bill size increases with high summer temperature in song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) of California, supporting the hypothesis that larger bills are an adaptation to release dry heat and minimize evaporative water loss in a hot, dry environment. Song sparrows in eastern North America face a different climatic regime, in which summers are warm but moist, and winters are cold. We predicted that this climate region would select for smaller bills to minimize heat loss. LocationFrom coastal Delaware and Maryland to the Allegheny Plateau of the eastern USA. MethodsWe measured body size and bill morphology of 274 song sparrow individuals across a climatic gradient and geographical gradient. We used linear regression models to test for effects of geographical location and 30-year means of minimum winter and maximum summer temperatures and annual rainfall on bill size. ResultsBill size was best predicted by, and positively correlated with, cold winter temperatures and distance from the Atlantic coast. Body size did not change substantially with distance from the coast, indicating that the pattern of bill size was not a result of allometry. Coastal birds had bills larger than predicted by a linear effect of minimum temperature. Main conclusionsCollectively, these results support the hypothesis that variation in bill size reflects selection for winter heat retention rather than for summer heat dissipation. Bill size may be shaped by physiological responses to regional climates, and the season of critical thermal stress may vary geographically, even on relatively small spatial scales. C1 [Danner, Raymond M.; Greenberg, Russell] Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA. RP Danner, RM (reprint author), Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM danner.ray@gmail.com FU Abbott Fund of the Smithsonian Institution FX We thank the following for providing access to their lands: the National Park Service (Assateague Island National Seashore), Delaware Division of Parks and Recreation (Beach Plum Island, Delaware Seashore State Park), and US Fish and Wildlife Service (Prime Hook National Wildlife Refuge, Chincoteague National Wildlife Refuge). The Assateague Island National Seashore provided housing and campsites. Support was provided by the Abbott Fund of the Smithsonian Institution. The following people assisted with the fieldwork in a variety of ways: D. Luther, S. Droege, M. Pepper, S. Warner, R. M. Ferrence, J. Zelt, E. Martinsen, T. Brown, S. Luttrell, N. Newberry, J. Lock, D. Brostowin, M. Liberati, C. Bennett, S. Gonzales, C. Power, L. Schreffler and A. Larsen. Jeremy Gradwohl made the map. Research was conducted under the following permits and approvals: ACUC of the National Zoological Park (NZP-IACUC 10-08), USGS banding permit (22665), Delaware State Collecting Permit, Maryland State Collecting Permit, Virginia State Collecting Permit, USFWS special use permit for Prime Hook NWR, and a Delaware State Department of Parks Research Permit. The Division of Birds at the Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural history provided access to specimens. We thank Lisa Manne, Nicholas Gotelli, Matthew Symonds, Steve Oswald and one anonymous referee for thoughtful and constructive comments. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 9 U2 42 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0305-0270 EI 1365-2699 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 42 IS 1 BP 114 EP 120 DI 10.1111/jbi.12389 PG 7 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA AW1SH UT WOS:000346069700011 ER PT J AU Munoz-Ortiz, A Velasquez-Alvarez, AA Guarnizo, CE Crawford, AJ AF Munoz-Ortiz, Astrid Andres Velasquez-Alvarez, Alvaro Guarnizo, Carlos E. Crawford, Andrew J. TI Of peaks and valleys: testing the roles of orogeny and habitat heterogeneity in driving allopatry in mid-elevation frogs (Aromobatidae: Rheobates) of the northern Andes SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Andean uplift; Colombia; divergence times; Miocene; molecular phylogenetics; niche conservatism; phylogeography; Rheobates; species tree; vicariance ID EASTERN CORDILLERA; NICHE CONSERVATISM; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; COLOMBIAN ANDES; EVOLUTION; SPECIATION; DIVERSIFICATION; DIVERSITY; ECOLOGY; INFERENCE AB AimThe frog genus Rheobates (Anura: Aromobatidae) is endemic to mid-elevations in the Colombian Andes. Our aim was to evaluate the role of the northern Andean high peaks and the low Magdalena Valley in creating barriers to dispersal and promoting vicariance within Rheobates. LocationThree disjunct mid-elevation flanks of the northern Colombian Andes: the eastern and western flanks of the Eastern Cordillera, separated by high mountain peaks, and the eastern flank of the Central Cordillera, separated from the Eastern Cordillera by the arid Magdalena Valley. MethodsWe analysed mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences from 37 individuals of Rheobates to infer their phylogenetic relationships, divergence times and ancestral areas. We used species distribution models to test the role of climatic variables in determining the present geographical boundaries of the species. ResultsThe phylogeny of Rheobates is largely predicted by geography, with one population from the eastern flank of the Eastern Cordillera sharing a most recent common ancestor with all other Rheobates 21 million years ago (Ma; 95% credible interval 31-10Ma). Populations in the Central Cordillera were monophyletic, isolated across the Magdalena Valley with a divergence time estimated at 13Ma (19-7Ma). We also detected one recent crossing of the Eastern Cordillera, along with unanticipated latitudinal phylogeographical structure within the western flank of the Eastern Cordillera. Environmental niche tests indicated that the Magdalena Valley and the high peaks of the Eastern Cordillera are significant environmental barriers for Rheobates populations. Main conclusionsDiversification in Rheobates coincided with the early Miocene uplift of Colombia's Eastern Cordillera and the hypothesized onset of aridity in the Magdalena Valley during the middle Miocene. Our study offers broad support for the classic mountain orogeny model of vicariant divergence, but suggests that lowland habitat heterogeneity also played a long-term role in promoting vicariance, despite a long history of palaeoclimatic fluctuations. C1 [Munoz-Ortiz, Astrid; Andres Velasquez-Alvarez, Alvaro; Crawford, Andrew J.] Univ Los Andes, Dept Biol Sci, Bogota 4976, Colombia. [Guarnizo, Carlos E.] Univ Brasilia, Dept Zool, BR-70910900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Crawford, Andrew J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City 084303092, Panama. RP Munoz-Ortiz, A (reprint author), La Salle Univ, Dept Basic Sci, Bogota 28638, Colombia. EM charitonia@gmail.com RI Guarnizo, Carlos/A-6383-2011; OI Guarnizo, Carlos/0000-0001-7324-1241; Crawford, Andrew J./0000-0003-3153-6898 FU Ecopetrol [156-09] FX We are grateful to the following individuals and institutions who provided tissues for this study: J. Daza and V. Paez (Universidad de Antioquia); M. Rada (Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul); T. Grant (Universidade de Sao Paulo); L. S. Barrientos, J. S. Mendoza and D. A. Gomez (Universidad de los Andes). Samples were obtained with research and collecting permit no. 15 and access to genetic resources permit no. 44 to A.J.C. by the Ministerio de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial. We thank K. Zamudio (Cornell University) and C. D. Cadena (Universidad de Los Andes) for their comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. We thank R. Marquez, A. Paz and S. V. Flechas for assistance, and M. Anganoy for sharing unpublished insights into Rheobates taxonomy. Field and laboratory work were financed in part by grant no. 156-09 from Ecopetrol. This research was submitted by A.A.V.-A. to the Department of Biological Sciences of the Universidad de los Andes in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the master's degree. NR 63 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0305-0270 EI 1365-2699 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 42 IS 1 BP 193 EP 205 DI 10.1111/jbi.12409 PG 13 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA AW1SH UT WOS:000346069700018 ER PT S AU Hargitai, H Gede, M Zimbelman, J Koszeghy, C Siraly, D Marinangeli, L Barata, T Lopez, I Szakacs, A Debniak, K Feuillet, T AF Hargitai, Henrik Gede, Matyas Zimbelman, Jim Koszeghy, Csilla Siraly, Dori Marinangeli, Lucia Barata, Teresa Lopez, Ivan Szakacs, Alexandru Debniak, Krzysztof Feuillet, Thierry BE Sluter, CR Cruz, CBM DeMenezes, PML TI Multilingual Narrative Planetary Maps for Children SO CARTOGRAPHY - MAPS CONNECTING THE WORLD SE Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 27th International Cartographic Conference (ICC) CY AUG 23-28, 2015 CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL DE Planetary; Children; Visual AB A set of children's maps on the solid-surfaced planetary bodies of the solar system was developed in the framework of the program Europlanet 2012. The surfaces of the six bodies were illustrated by planetary scientists and graphic artists. This is the first project in which such detailed, hand-drawn lunar and planetary maps were created specifically for children, in the most common spoken languages of Europe. The map pages, prepared according to the latest data from space probes, are accompanied by a website where background information and interesting facts can be found in a form understandable for children. The topics covered were compiled with the help of questions that children asked about the maps. The map series was prepared with the support of the International Cartographic Association Commission on Planetary Cartography. C1 [Hargitai, Henrik] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Cosm Mat Space Res Grp, Pazmany P St 1-A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. [Gede, Matyas] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Dept Cartog & Geoinformat, Budapest, Hungary. [Zimbelman, Jim] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, CEPS MRC 315, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Marinangeli, Lucia] Univ G DAnnunzio, TeleLab DiSPUTer, Chieti, Italy. [Barata, Teresa] Univ Coimbra, Ctr Earth & Space Res, CITEUC, Coimbra, Portugal. [Lopez, Ivan] Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid 28933, Spain. [Szakacs, Alexandru] Sapientia Univ, RO-400112 Cluj Napoca, Romania. [Debniak, Krzysztof] Polish Acad Sci, Res Ctr Wroclaw, Inst Geol Sci, WROONA Grp, Wroclaw, Poland. [Feuillet, Thierry] Univ Nantes, Inst Geog & Amenagement Reg, F-44312 Nantes 3, France. RP Hargitai, H (reprint author), Eotvos Lorand Univ, Cosm Mat Space Res Grp, Pazmany P St 1-A, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. EM hhargitai@gmail.com; saman@map.elte.hu; zimbelmanj@si.edu; csillesz@gmail.com; lucia.marinangeli@unich.it; mtbarata@gmail.com; ivan.lopez@urjc.es; debniak.krzys@gmail.com; Thierry.Feuillet@univ-nantes.fr NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 1863-2246 BN 978-3-319-17738-0; 978-3-319-17737-3 J9 LECT NOTES GEOINF CA PY 2015 BP 17 EP 30 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-17738-0_2 PG 14 WC Geography; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Geography; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA BG6QQ UT WOS:000390822000002 ER PT B AU Ubelaker, DH AF Ubelaker, Douglas H. BE Ubelaker, DH TI The Global Practice of Forensic Science Introduction SO GLOBAL PRACTICE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE SE Forensic Science in Focus LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Ubelaker, DH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-72424-8; 978-1-118-72416-3 J9 FORENSIC SCI FOC PY 2015 BP 1 EP 3 PG 3 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA BD3OP UT WOS:000359985900004 ER PT B AU Ubelaker, DH AF Ubelaker, Douglas H. BE Ubelaker, DH TI The Global Practice of Forensic Science preface SO GLOBAL PRACTICE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE SE Forensic Science in Focus LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Ubelaker, DH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-72424-8; 978-1-118-72416-3 J9 FORENSIC SCI FOC PY 2015 BP XXIX EP XXIX PG 1 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA BD3OP UT WOS:000359985900003 ER PT B AU Ubelaker, DH AF Ubelaker, Douglas H. BE Ubelaker, DH TI Conclusions: global common themes and variations SO GLOBAL PRACTICE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE SE Forensic Science in Focus LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Ubelaker, DH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-72424-8; 978-1-118-72416-3 J9 FORENSIC SCI FOC PY 2015 BP 351 EP 360 PG 10 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA BD3OP UT WOS:000359985900032 ER PT J AU Anderson, WD Johnson, GD Baldwin, CC AF Anderson, William D., Jr. Johnson, G. David Baldwin, Carole C. TI Review of the Splendid Perches, Callanthias (Percoidei: Callanthiidae) SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article C1 [Anderson, William D., Jr.] Coll Charleston, Grice Marine Biol Lab, 205 Ft Johnson, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Johnson, G. David; Baldwin, Carole C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Anderson, WD (reprint author), Coll Charleston, Grice Marine Biol Lab, 205 Ft Johnson, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. EM andersonwd@cofc.edu; johnsond@si.edu; baldwinc@si.edu NR 131 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHILOSOPHICAL SOC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 104 SOUTH FIFTH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3387 USA SN 0065-9746 EI 2325-9264 J9 T AM PHILOS SOC JI Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. PY 2015 VL 105 BP 1 EP 121 PN 3 PG 121 WC Humanities, Multidisciplinary SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA V46MC UT WOS:000209887300001 ER PT J AU McAdam, MM Sunshine, JM Howard, KT McCoy, TM AF McAdam, M. M. Sunshine, J. M. Howard, K. T. McCoy, T. M. TI Aqueous alteration on asteroids: Linking the mineralogy and spectroscopy of CM and CI chondrites SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Spectroscopy; Meteorites; Asteroids, composition ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; 162173 1999 JU3; CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITES; MU-M; REFLECTANCE SPECTRA; MAIN-BELT; MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; THERMAL METAMORPHISM AB CM/CI meteorites range in degree of aqueous alteration suggesting differences in initially accreted materials including water ice and possible spatial heterogeneities within their parent bodies. As alteration progresses, the total abundance and magnesium content of phyllosilicates increases. In this paper we present the results of a coordinated spectral-mineralogical study of a well-characterized suite of CM/CI meteorites that range from 60 to 90% alteration. By acquiring spectra the same meteorite powders as Howard et al. (Howard, K.T., Benedix, G.K., Bland, P.A., Cressey, G. [2009]. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 73, 4576-4589; Howard, K.T., Benedix, G.K., Bland, P.A., Cressey, G. [2011]. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 75, 2735-2751) and Bland et al. (Bland, P.A., Cressey, G., Menzies, O.N. [2004]. Meteorit. Planet. Sci. 39(1), 3-16), we are able for the first time to directly correlate mineralogy with features in reflectance spectra. At visible/near-infrared wavelength, the presence of a 0.7-mu m charge transfer band is indicative of aqueous alteration. However, not all altered CM/CI meteorites exhibit this feature; thus the lack of a 0.7 mu m absorption band in asteroids does not necessarily signify a lack of aqueous alteration. Furthermore, the position and depth of 0.7-mu m charge transfer band shows no correlation with the mineralogical changes associated with aqueous alteration. Similarly, the near-infrared slope, which is not directly related to the mineralogic progression associated with increasing alteration, is not unambiguously related to degree of alteration in the CM/CI meteorites studied. However, the mid-infrared reflectance spectra of CM/CI meteorites contain a broad absorption feature in the 10-13-mu m region, which is a convolution of vibrational features due to Mg-rich phyllosilicates and unaltered olivine. The overall feature continuously changes with total phyllosilicate abundance from a shorter wavenumber/longer wavelength peak (815 cm(-1), 12.3-mu m) for less altered meteorites to a longer wavenumber/shorter wavelength (875 cm(-1), 11.4-mu m) peak in the highly altered meteorites, with roughly equal spectral contributions producing a doublet in intermediately altered meteorites, Using the results from the mid-infrared analyses of meteorite spectra, it is possible to estimate the degree of alteration on dark primitive asteroids. We find Asteroid (24) Themis to have a 1000-700 cm(-1) (10-13-mu m) peak at longer wavelengths suggesting Themis has a complex surface mineralogy with approximately 70 vol.% phyllosilicates and 25 vol.% anhydrous silicates. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [McAdam, M. M.; Sunshine, J. M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Howard, K. T.] CUNY, Kingsborough Community Coll, Brooklyn, NY 11235 USA. [Howard, K. T.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Howard, K. T.] Nat Hist Museum, London SW7 5BD, England. [McCoy, T. M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP McAdam, MM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM mmcadam@astro.umd.edu FU NASA's PGG Program [NNX10AJ57G]; NASA Cosmochemistry Grant [NNX14AG27G] FX Spectra were acquired using the NASA Keck RELAB, a multiuser facility at Brown University. The efforts of Dr. T. Hiroi, who collected the RELAB spectra on our behalf, are greatly appreciated. Funding for this research by NASA's PGG Program (NNX10AJ57G) is gratefully acknowledged. We thank M.S. Kelley for his advice and assistance with processing the Spitzer data.; KTH was supported by NASA Cosmochemistry Grant NNX14AG27G. NR 74 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD JAN 1 PY 2015 VL 245 BP 320 EP 332 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.09.041 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AU3CR UT WOS:000345490900025 ER PT J AU Chen, YJ Cao, KF Schnitzer, SA Fan, ZX Zhang, JL Bongers, F AF Chen, Ya-Jun Cao, Kun-Fang Schnitzer, Stefan A. Fan, Ze-Xin Zhang, Jiao-Lin Bongers, Frans TI Water-use advantage for lianas over trees in tropical seasonal forests SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE competition; drought tolerance; dry season growth advantage; sap flow; stable isotope; water relations; water source; water-use efficiency ID RAIN-FOREST; CANOPY TREES; SOIL-WATER; SW CHINA; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; SECONDARY FOREST; EASTERN AMAZONIA; STOMATAL CONTROL; STABLE-ISOTOPES; WOODY-PLANTS AB Lianas exhibit peak abundance in tropical forests with strong seasonal droughts, the eco-physiological mechanisms associated with lianas coping with water deficits are poorly understood. We examined soil water partitioning, sap flow, and canopy eco-physiological properties for 99 individuals of 15 liana and 34 co-occurring tree species in three tropical forests that differed in soil water availability. In the dry season, lianas used a higher proportion of deep soil water in the karst forest (KF; an area with severe seasonal soil water deficit (SSWD)) and in the tropical seasonal forest (TSF, moderate SSWD), permitting them to maintain a comparable leaf water status than trees in the TSF or a better status than trees in the KF. Lianas exhibited strong stomatal control to maximize carbon fixation while minimizing dry season water loss. During the dry period, lianas significantly decreased water consumption in the TSF and the KF. Additionally, lianas had a much higher maximum photosynthetic rates and sap flux density in the wet season and a lower proportional decline in photosynthesis in the dry season compared with those of trees. Our results indicated that access to deep soil water and strong physiological adjustments in the dry season together with active wet-season photosynthesis may explain the high abundance of lianas in seasonally dry forests. C1 [Chen, Ya-Jun; Fan, Ze-Xin; Zhang, Jiao-Lin] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Chen, Ya-Jun] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Cao, Kun-Fang] Guangxi Univ, Coll Forestry, State Key Lab Conservat & Utilizat Subtrop Agrobi, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, Peoples R China. [Schnitzer, Stefan A.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Schnitzer, Stefan A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Bongers, Frans] Wageningen Univ, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Chen, YJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, Peoples R China. EM chenyj@xtbg.org.cn RI Cao, Kun-Fang/D-2157-2009; OI Cao, Kun-Fang/0000-0002-2253-7189; Schnitzer, Stefan/0000-0002-2715-9455; Fan, Ze-Xin/0000-0003-4623-6783 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31100291, 31000237, 31270453]; CAS 135 program [XTBG-T01, XTBG-F01] FX We wish to thank Ma Hong and Wan Hui for assistance with the field work and Wen Bin and Tan Yunhong for species identification. The climate data were provided by the Xishuangbanna Station for Tropical Rain Forest Ecosystem Studies. We are grateful to M. K. Bartlett for constructive comments on an earlier manuscript and three anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestion. This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No: 31100291, 31000237, 31270453) and the CAS 135 program (XTBG-T01, XTBG-F01). NR 57 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 7 U2 85 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 205 IS 1 BP 128 EP 136 DI 10.1111/nph.13036 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AU4QL UT WOS:000345596700016 PM 25264136 ER PT J AU Cionco, RG Soon, W AF Cionco, Rodolfo Gustavo Soon, Willie TI A phenomenological study of the timing of solar activity minima of the last millennium through a physical modeling of the Sun-Planets Interaction SO NEW ASTRONOMY LA English DT Article DE Sun-Planets Interaction; Solar inertial motion; Solar activity Grand Minima ID GRAND-MINIMA; INERTIAL MOTION; MAUNDER MINIMUM; STELLAR DYNAMOS; CYCLE; PREDICTABILITY; CONSTRAINTS; ASYMMETRY; EXOPLANET; ROTATION AB We numerically integrate the Sun's orbital movement around the barycenter of the solar system under the persistent perturbation of the planets from the epoch J2000.0, backward for about one millennium, and forward for another millennium to 3000 AD. Under the Sun-Planets Interaction (SPI) framework and interpretation of Wolff and Patrone (2010), we calculated the corresponding variations of the most important storage of the specific potential energy (PE) within the Sun that could be released by the exchanges between two rotating, fluid-mass elements that conserve its angular momentum. This energy comes about as a result of the roto-translational dynamics of the cell around the solar system barycenter. We find that the maximum variations of this PE storage correspond remarkably well with the occurrences of well-documented Grand Minima (GM) solar events throughout the available proxy solar magnetic activity records for the past 1000 yr. It is also clear that the maximum changes in PE precede the GM events in that we can identify precursor warnings to the imminent weakening of solar activity for an extended period. The dynamical explanation of these PE minima is connected to the minima of the Sun's position relative to the barycenter as well as the significant amount of time the Sun's inertial motion revolving near and close to the barycenter. We presented our calculation of PE forward by another 1000 yr until 3000 AD. If the assumption of the solar activity minima corresponding to PE minima is correct, then we can identify quite a few significant future solar activity GM events with a clustering of PE minima pulses starting at around 2150 AD, 2310 AD, 2500 AD, 2700 AD and 2850 AD. (C) 2014. Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cionco, Rodolfo Gustavo] Univ Tecnol Nacl, Grp Estudios Ambientales, RA-2900 San Nicolas, Bs As, Argentina. [Soon, Willie] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Cionco, RG (reprint author), Univ Tecnol Nacl, Grp Estudios Ambientales, Colon 332, RA-2900 San Nicolas, Bs As, Argentina. EM gcionco@frsn.utn.edu.ar; wsoon@cfa.harvard.edu FU UTN [PID-1351] FX RGC acknowledges the support of the UTN Grant PID-1351, "Forzantes Externos al Planeta y Variabilidad Climatica". NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1384-1076 EI 1384-1092 J9 NEW ASTRON JI New Astron. PD JAN PY 2015 VL 34 BP 164 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.newast.2014.07.001 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AQ1GW UT WOS:000342530900022 ER PT J AU Smith, DG Bogorodsky, SV Mal, AO AF Smith, David G. Bogorodsky, Sergey V. Mal, Ahmad O. TI Records of the eels Kaupichthys atronasus (Chlopsidae), Phyllophichthus xenodontus (Ophichthidae), and Gorgasia preclara (Congridae) from the Red Sea SO CYBIUM LA English DT Article DE Chlopsidae; Ophichthidae; Congridae; Kaupichthys; Phyllophichthus; Gorgasia; Red Sea; Records ID FISHES; CHECKLIST; PACIFIC AB Kaupichthys atronasus Schultz, 1953 is recorded from two specimens from Egypt and Saudi Arabia. Phyllophichthus xenodontus Gosline, 1951 is recorded from two specimens collected from Egypt. Geographic variation in this species is discussed. Gorgasia preclara Batlike & Randall, 1981 is recorded from a photograph taken of a live individual at Dahab, Egypt. C1 [Smith, David G.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Bogorodsky, Sergey V.] Stn Naturalists, Omsk, Russia. [Mal, Ahmad O.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Jeddah 21413, Saudi Arabia. RP Smith, DG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, MRC-534,4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. EM smithd@si.edu FU KAU GRANT [D/11432-DSR]; KAU; SRI FX We thank Tilman J. Alpermann of the Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt (SF) for his collaboration in Red Sea fieldwork and loan of the specimen of Kaupichthys atronasus. The photograph in figure 1 was taken by S. Trankner (SF), figure 2 by Sandra Raredon (USNM), and figure 4 by Christian von March (Red Sea Environment Centre). Kenneth A. Tighe (USNM) contributed information on K. atronasus. This study was conducted as part of the scientific research cooperation between the Faculty of Marine Sciences (FMS), King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and the Senckenberg Research Institute (SRI), Frankfurt, Germany, in the framework of the Red Sea Biodiversity Project. It was funded by KAU GRANT NO. "D/11432-DSR". The authors acknowledge, with gratitude KAU and SRI for technical and financial support. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOC FRANCAISE D ICHTYOLOGIE PI PARIS PA MUSEUM NATL D HISTOIRE NATURELLE, 43 RUE CUVIER, 75231 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0399-0974 J9 CYBIUM JI Cybium PD DEC 31 PY 2014 VL 38 IS 4 BP 301 EP 306 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CB7NG UT WOS:000349813500008 ER PT J AU Pereira, J Johnson, WE O'Brien, SJ Jarvis, ED Zhang, GJ Gilbert, MTP Vasconcelos, V Antunes, A AF Pereira, Joana Johnson, Warren E. O'Brien, Stephen J. Jarvis, Erich D. Zhang, Guojie Gilbert, M. Thomas P. Vasconcelos, Vitor Antunes, Agostinho TI Evolutionary Genomics and Adaptive Evolution of the Hedgehog Gene Family (Shh, Ihh and Dhh) in Vertebrates SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACID SITES; PROTEIN-STRUCTURE PREDICTION; FUNCTIONAL DIVERGENCE; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; SONIC-HEDGEHOG; I-TASSER; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; POSITIVE SELECTION; STRUCTURAL DIVERGENCE; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT AB The Hedgehog (Hh) gene family codes for a class of secreted proteins composed of two active domains that act as signalling molecules during embryo development, namely for the development of the nervous and skeletal systems and the formation of the testis cord. While only one Hh gene is found typically in invertebrate genomes, most vertebrates species have three (Sonic hedgehog - Shh; Indian hedgehog - Ihh; and Desert hedgehog - Dhh), each with different expression patterns and functions, which likely helped promote the increasing complexity of vertebrates and their successful diversification. In this study, we used comparative genomic and adaptive evolutionary analyses to characterize the evolution of the Hh genes in vertebrates following the two major whole genome duplication (WGD) events. To overcome the lack of Hh-coding sequences on avian publicly available databases, we used an extensive dataset of 45 avian and three non-avian reptilian genomes to show that birds have all three Hh paralogs. We find suggestions that following the WGD events, vertebrate Hh paralogous genes evolved independently within similar linkage groups and under different evolutionary rates, especially within the catalytic domain. The structural regions around the ion-binding site were identified to be under positive selection in the signaling domain. These findings contrast with those observed in invertebrates, where different lineages that experienced gene duplication retained similar selective constraints in the Hh orthologs. Our results provide new insights on the evolutionary history of the Hh gene family, the functional roles of these paralogs in vertebrate species, and on the location of mutational hotspots. C1 [Pereira, Joana; Vasconcelos, Vitor; Antunes, Agostinho] Univ Porto, Interdisciplinary Ctr Marine & Environm Res, CIMAR, CIIMAR, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal. [Johnson, Warren E.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA USA. [O'Brien, Stephen J.] St Petersburg State Univ, Theodosius Dobzhansky Ctr Genome Bioinformat, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. [O'Brien, Stephen J.] Nova SE Univ, Oceanog Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Zhang, Guojie] Beishan Ind Zoon, BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. [Gilbert, M. Thomas P.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr GeoGenet, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Vasconcelos, Vitor; Antunes, Agostinho] Univ Porto, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal. RP Antunes, A (reprint author), Univ Porto, Interdisciplinary Ctr Marine & Environm Res, CIMAR, CIIMAR, Rua Campo Alegre 823, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal. EM aantunes@ciimar.up.pt RI Zhang, Guojie/B-6188-2014; Gilbert, Marcus/A-8936-2013; Vasconcelos, Vitor/A-8933-2008; Jarvis, Erich/A-2319-2008; OI Zhang, Guojie/0000-0001-6860-1521; Gilbert, Marcus/0000-0002-5805-7195; Vasconcelos, Vitor/0000-0003-3585-2417; Jarvis, Erich/0000-0001-8931-5049; Pereira, Joana/0000-0002-5588-6588 FU BII from Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) [CIIMAR/C2008/BII/01-25]; Russian Ministry of Science [11.G34.31.0068]; FCT [PEst-C/MAR/LA0015/2013, PTDC/BIA-BDE/69144/2006 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-007065), PTDC/AAC-AMB/104983/2008 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-008610), PTDC/AAC-AMB/121301/2010 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-019490)]; HHMI; European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the COMPETE - Operational Competitiveness Programme FX Joana Pereira was funded by a BII grant (CIIMAR/C2008/BII/01-25) from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT). SJO was supported as Principal Investigator by Russian Ministry of Science Mega-grant no. 11.G34.31.0068. Erich D. Jarvis was funded by HHMI. Agostinho Antunes was partially supported by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the COMPETE - Operational Competitiveness Programme and national funds through FCT under the projects PEst-C/MAR/LA0015/2013 and PTDC/BIA-BDE/69144/2006 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-007065), PTDC/AAC-AMB/ 104983/2008 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-008610) and PTDC/AAC-AMB/121301/2010 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-019490). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 112 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 27 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 30 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 12 AR e74132 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0074132 PG 35 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AX6YH UT WOS:000347063500001 PM 25549322 ER PT J AU Abramowski, A Aharonian, F Benkhali, FA Akhperjanian, AG Anguner, E Backes, M Balenderan, S Balzer, A Barnacka, A Becherini, Y Tjus, JB Berge, D Bernhard, S Bernlohr, K Birsin, E Biteau, J Bottcher, M Boisson, C Bolmont, J Bordas, P Bregeon, J Brun, F Brun, P Bryan, M Bulik, T Carrigan, S Casanova, S Chadwick, PM Chakraborty, N Chalme-Calvet, R Chaves, RCG Chretien, M Colafrancesco, S Cologna, G Conrad, J Couturier, C Cui, Y Dalton, M Davids, ID Degrange, B Deil, C deWilt, P Djannati-Atai, A Domainko, W Donath, A Drury, LO Dubus, G Dutson, K Dyks, J Dyrda, M Edwards, T Egberts, K Eger, P Espigat, P Farnier, C Fegan, S Feinstein, F Fernandes, MV Fernandez, D Fiasson, A Fontaine, G Forster, A Fussling, M Gabici, S Gajdus, M Gallant, YA Garrigoux, T Giavitto, G Giebels, B Glicenstein, JF Gottschall, D Goudelis, A Grondin, MH Grudzinska, M Hadsch, D Haffner, S Hahn, J Harris, J Heinzelmann, G Henri, G Hermann, G Hervet, O Hillert, A Hinton, JA Hofmann, W Hofverberg, P Holler, M Horns, D Ivascenko, A Jacholkowska, A Jahn, C Jamrozy, M Janiak, M Jankowsky, F Jung, I Kastendieck, MA Katarzynski, K Katz, U Kaufmann, S Khelifi, B Kieffer, M Klepser, S Klochkov, D Kluzniak, W Kolitzus, D Komin, N Kosack, K Krakau, S Krayzel, F Kruger, PP Laffon, H Lamanna, G Lefaucheur, J Lefranc, V Lemiere, A Lemoine-Goumard, M Lenain, JP Lohse, T Lopatin, A Lu, CC Marandon, V Marcowith, A Marx, R Maurin, G Maxted, N Mayer, M McComb, TJL Mehault, J Meintjes, PJ Menzler, U Meyer, M Mitchell, AMW Moderski, R Mohamed, M Mora, K Moulin, E Murach, T de Naurois, M Niemiec, J Nolan, SJ Oakes, L Odaka, H Ohm, S Opitz, B Ostrowski, M Oya, I Panter, M Parsons, RD Arribas, MP Pekeur, NW Pelletier, G Perez, J Petrucci, PO Peyaud, B Pita, S Poon, H Puhlhofer, G Punch, M Quirrenbach, A Raab, S Reichardt, I Reimer, A Reimer, O Renaud, M de los Reyes, R Rieger, F Rob, L Romoli, C Rosier-Lees, S Rowell, G Rudak, B Rulten, CB Sahakian, V Salek, D Sanchez, DA Santangelo, A Schlickeiser, R Schussler, F Schulz, A Schwanke, U Schwarzburg, S Schwemmer, S Serpico, P Sol, H Spanier, F Spengler, G Spiess, F Stawarz, L Stegmann, C Stinzing, F Stycz, K Sushch, I Tavernet, JP Tavernier, T Taylor, AM Terrier, R Tluczykont, M Trichard, C Valerius, K van Eldik, C van Soelen, B Vasileiadis, G Veh, J Venter, C Viana, A Vincent, P Vink, J Volk, HJ Volpe, F Vorster, M Vuillaume, T Wagner, SJ Wagner, P Wagner, RM Ward, M Weidinger, M Weitzel, Q White, R Wierzcholska, A Willmann, P Wornlein, A Wouters, D Yang, R Zabalza, V Zaborov, D Zacharias, M Zdziarski, AA Zech, A Zechlin, HS AF Abramowski, A. Aharonian, F. Benkhali, F. Ait Akhperjanian, A. G. Anguener, E. Backes, M. Balenderan, S. Balzer, A. Barnacka, A. Becherini, Y. Tjus, J. Becker Berge, D. Bernhard, S. Bernloehr, K. Birsin, E. Biteau, J. Boettcher, M. Boisson, C. Bolmont, J. Bordas, P. Bregeon, J. Brun, F. Brun, P. Bryan, M. Bulik, T. Carrigan, S. Casanova, S. Chadwick, P. M. Chakraborty, N. Chalme-Calvet, R. Chaves, R. C. G. Chretien, M. Colafrancesco, S. Cologna, G. Conrad, J. Couturier, C. Cui, Y. Dalton, M. Davids, I. D. Degrange, B. Deil, C. deWilt, P. Djannati-Atai, A. Domainko, W. Donath, A. Drury, L. O'C. Dubus, G. Dutson, K. Dyks, J. Dyrda, M. Edwards, T. Egberts, K. Eger, P. Espigat, P. Farnier, C. Fegan, S. Feinstein, F. Fernandes, M. V. Fernandez, D. Fiasson, A. Fontaine, G. Foerster, A. Fuessling, M. Gabici, S. Gajdus, M. Gallant, Y. A. Garrigoux, T. Giavitto, G. Giebels, B. Glicenstein, J. F. Gottschall, D. Goudelis, A. Grondin, M. -H. Grudzinska, M. Hadsch, D. Haeffner, S. Hahn, J. Harris, J. Heinzelmann, G. Henri, G. Hermann, G. Hervet, O. Hillert, A. Hinton, J. A. Hofmann, W. Hofverberg, P. Holler, M. Horns, D. Ivascenko, A. Jacholkowska, A. Jahn, C. Jamrozy, M. Janiak, M. Jankowsky, F. Jung, I. Kastendieck, M. A. Katarzynski, K. Katz, U. Kaufmann, S. Khelifi, B. Kieffer, M. Klepser, S. Klochkov, D. Kluzniak, W. Kolitzus, D. Komin, Nu. Kosack, K. Krakau, S. Krayzel, F. Krueger, P. P. Laffon, H. Lamanna, G. Lefaucheur, J. Lefranc, V. Lemiere, A. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Lenain, J. -P. Lohse, T. Lopatin, A. Lu, C. -C. Marandon, V. Marcowith, A. Marx, R. Maurin, G. Maxted, N. Mayer, M. McComb, T. J. L. Mehault, J. Meintjes, P. J. Menzler, U. Meyer, M. Mitchell, A. M. W. Moderski, R. Mohamed, M. Mora, K. Moulin, E. Murach, T. de Naurois, M. Niemiec, J. Nolan, S. J. Oakes, L. Odaka, H. Ohm, S. Opitz, B. Ostrowski, M. Oya, I. Panter, M. Parsons, R. D. Arribas, M. Paz Pekeur, N. W. Pelletier, G. Perez, J. Petrucci, P. -O. Peyaud, B. Pita, S. Poon, H. Puehlhofer, G. Punch, M. Quirrenbach, A. Raab, S. Reichardt, I. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Renaud, M. de los Reyes, R. Rieger, F. Rob, L. Romoli, C. Rosier-Lees, S. Rowell, G. Rudak, B. Rulten, C. B. Sahakian, V. Salek, D. Sanchez, D. A. Santangelo, A. Schlickeiser, R. Schuessler, F. Schulz, A. Schwanke, U. Schwarzburg, S. Schwemmer, S. Serpico, P. Sol, H. Spanier, F. Spengler, G. Spiess, F. Steenkamp, R. Stegmann, C. Stinzing, F. Stycz, K. Sushch, I. Tavernet, J. -P. Tavernier, T. Taylor, A. M. Terrier, R. Tluczykont, M. Trichard, C. Valerius, K. van Eldik, C. van Soelen, B. Vasileiadis, G. Veh, J. Venter, C. Viana, A. Vincent, P. Vink, J. Voelk, H. J. Volpe, F. Vorster, M. Vuillaume, T. Wagner, S. J. Wagner, P. Wagner, R. M. Ward, M. Weidinger, M. Weitzel, Q. White, R. Wierzcholska, A. Willmann, P. Woernlein, A. Wouters, D. Yang, R. Zabalza, V. Zaborov, D. Zacharias, M. Zdziarski, A. A. Zech, A. Zechlin, H. -S. CA HESS Collaboration TI Search for dark matter annihilation signatures in HESS observations of dwarf spheroidal galaxies SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC CHERENKOV TELESCOPES; EXPLORING HALO SUBSTRUCTURE; MILKY-WAY; STANDARD MODEL; INTERNAL KINEMATICS; SAGITTARIUS STREAM; FORTRAN CODE; GIANT STARS; GAMMA-RAYS; PROFILES AB Dwarf spheroidal galaxies of the Local Group are close satellites of the Milky Way characterized by a large mass-to-light ratio and are not expected to be the site of nonthermal high-energy gamma-ray emission or intense star formation. Therefore they are among the most promising candidates for indirect dark matter searches. During the last years the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes observed five of these dwarf galaxies for more than 140 hours in total, searching for TeV gamma-ray emission from annihilation of dark matter particles. The new results of the deep exposure of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy, the first observations of the Coma Berenices and Fornax dwarves and the reanalysis of two more dwarf spheroidal galaxies already published by the H.E.S.S. Collaboration, Carina and Sculptor, are presented. In the absence of a significant signal new constraints on the annihilation cross section applicable to weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) are derived by combining the observations of the five dwarf galaxies. The combined exclusion limit depends on the WIMP mass and the best constraint is reached at 1-2 TeV masses with a cross-section upper bound of similar to 3.9 x 10(-24) cm(3) s(-1) at a 95% confidence level. C1 [Abramowski, A.; Fernandes, M. V.; Heinzelmann, G.; Horns, D.; Kastendieck, M. A.; Opitz, B.; Spiess, F.; Tluczykont, M.; Zechlin, H. -S.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Aharonian, F.; Benkhali, F. Ait; Bernloehr, K.; Carrigan, S.; Casanova, S.; Chakraborty, N.; Deil, C.; Domainko, W.; Donath, A.; Edwards, T.; Eger, P.; Foerster, A.; Grondin, M. -H.; Hahn, J.; Hermann, G.; Hillert, A.; Hofmann, W.; Hofverberg, P.; Lu, C. -C.; Marandon, V.; Marx, R.; Mitchell, A. M. W.; Odaka, H.; Panter, M.; Parsons, R. D.; Poon, H.; de los Reyes, R.; Rieger, F.; Viana, A.; Voelk, H. J.; Volpe, F.; Weitzel, Q.; Yang, R.; Zabalza, V.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Aharonian, F.; Drury, L. O'C.; Romoli, C.; Taylor, A. M.] Dublin Inst Adv Studies, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Aharonian, F.; Akhperjanian, A. G.; Sahakian, V.] Natl Acad Sci Republ Armenia, Yerevan 0019, Armenia. [Akhperjanian, A. G.; Sahakian, V.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Anguener, E.; Bernloehr, K.; Birsin, E.; Gajdus, M.; Lohse, T.; Murach, T.; Oakes, L.; Oya, I.; Arribas, M. Paz; Schwanke, U.; Sushch, I.; Wagner, P.] Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Backes, M.; Davids, I. D.; Steenkamp, R.] Univ Namibia, Dept Phys, Windhoek, Namibia. [Balenderan, S.; Chadwick, P. M.; Harris, J.; McComb, T. J. L.; Nolan, S. J.; Ward, M.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Balzer, A.; Berge, D.; Bryan, M.; Salek, D.; Vink, J.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, GRAPPA, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Barnacka, A.; Jamrozy, M.; Ostrowski, M.; Wierzcholska, A.] Uniwersytet Jagiellonski, Astron Observ, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Barnacka, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Becherini, Y.] Linnaeus Univ, Dept Phys & Elect Engn, S-35195 Vaxjo, Sweden. [Tjus, J. Becker; Krakau, S.; Menzler, U.; Schlickeiser, R.; Weidinger, M.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Inst Theoret Phys Lehrstuhl Weltraum & Astrophs 4, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. [Berge, D.] Univ Amsterdam, Inst High Energy Phys, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bernhard, S.; Hadsch, D.; Kolitzus, D.; Perez, J.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Leopold Franzens Univ, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Biteau, J.; Degrange, B.; Fegan, S.; Fontaine, G.; Giebels, B.; de Naurois, M.; Zaborov, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Biteau, J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Boettcher, M.; Davids, I. D.; Ivascenko, A.; Krueger, P. P.; Pekeur, N. W.; Spanier, F.; Sushch, I.; Venter, C.; Vorster, M.] North West Univ, Ctr Space Res, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Boisson, C.; Hervet, O.; Rulten, C. B.; Sol, H.; Zech, A.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, LUTH, Observ Paris, F-92190 Meudon, France. [Bolmont, J.; Chalme-Calvet, R.; Chretien, M.; Couturier, C.; Garrigoux, T.; Jacholkowska, A.; Kieffer, M.; Lenain, J. -P.; Tavernet, J. -P.; Vincent, P.] Univ Paris 07, Univ Paris 06, CNRS IN2P3, LPNHE, F-75252 Paris 5, France. [Bordas, P.; Cui, Y.; Djannati-Atai, A.; Gottschall, D.; Klochkov, D.; Puehlhofer, G.; Santangelo, A.; Schwarzburg, S.] Univ Tubingen, Inst Astron & Astrophys, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Bregeon, J.; Chaves, R. C. G.; Feinstein, F.; Fernandez, D.; Gallant, Y. A.; Marcowith, A.; Renaud, M.; Vasileiadis, G.] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univ & Particules Montpellier, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. [Brun, F.; Brun, P.; Glicenstein, J. F.; Kosack, K.; Lefranc, V.; Moulin, E.; Peyaud, B.; Schuessler, F.; Wouters, D.] CEA Saclay, DSM Irfu, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Bulik, T.; Grudzinska, M.] Univ Warsaw, Astron Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Casanova, S.; Dyrda, M.; Niemiec, J.] PAN, Inst Fizyki Jadrowej, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Colafrancesco, S.; Komin, Nu.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Cologna, G.; Grondin, M. -H.; Jankowsky, F.; Kaufmann, S.; Mohamed, M.; Quirrenbach, A.; Schwemmer, S.; Wagner, S. J.; Zacharias, M.] Heidelberg Univ, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Conrad, J.; Farnier, C.; Meyer, M.; Mora, K.; Spengler, G.; Wagner, R. M.] Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Albanova Univ Ctr, Dept Phys, Stockholm, Sweden. [Dalton, M.; Laffon, H.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Mehault, J.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, CEN Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [deWilt, P.; Maxted, N.; Rowell, G.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Espigat, P.; Gabici, S.; Khelifi, B.; Lefaucheur, J.; Lemiere, A.; Pita, S.; Punch, M.; Reichardt, I.; Tavernier, T.; Terrier, R.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS IN2P3, CEA Irfu, APC,Observ Paris,Sorbonne Paris Cite, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Dubus, G.; Henri, G.; Pelletier, G.; Petrucci, P. -O.; Vuillaume, T.] UJF Grenoble 1, CNRS INSU, IPAG, UMR 5274, F-38041 Grenoble, France. [Dutson, K.; Hinton, J. A.; White, R.; Zabalza, V.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Dyks, J.; Janiak, M.; Kluzniak, W.; Moderski, R.; Rudak, B.; Zdziarski, A. A.] Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. [Egberts, K.; Fiasson, A.; Fuessling, M.; Holler, M.; Mayer, M.; Stegmann, C.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Golm, Germany. [Goudelis, A.; Krayzel, F.; Lamanna, G.; Maurin, G.; Rosier-Lees, S.; Sanchez, D. A.; Serpico, P.; Trichard, C.] Univ Savoie, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Giavitto, G.; Klepser, S.; Ohm, S.; Schulz, A.; Stegmann, C.; Stycz, K.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Goudelis, A.; Serpico, P.] Univ Savoie, CNRS, Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Haeffner, S.; Jahn, C.; Jung, I.; Katz, U.; Lopatin, A.; Raab, S.; Stinzing, F.; Valerius, K.; van Eldik, C.; Veh, J.; Willmann, P.; Woernlein, A.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Katarzynski, K.] Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Ctr Astron, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. [Meintjes, P. J.; van Soelen, B.] Univ Free State, Dept Phys, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Rob, L.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, CR-18000 Prague 8, Czech Republic. RP Abramowski, A (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. EM emrah@physik.hu-berlin.de; Christian.Farnier@fysik.su.se; Giovanni.Lamanna@lapp.in2p3.fr RI Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; van Eldik, Christopher/C-3901-2013; Schussler, Fabian/G-5313-2013; Katarzynski, Krzysztof/G-4528-2014; Jamrozy, Marek/F-4507-2015; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Casanova, Sabrina/J-8935-2013; Tjus, Julia/G-8145-2012; Meyer, Manuel/E-2697-2016; Backes, Michael/N-5126-2016; Reichardt, Ignasi/P-7478-2016; Moulin, Emmanuel/B-5959-2017; Komin, Nukri/J-6781-2015; OI Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; van Eldik, Christopher/0000-0001-9669-645X; Schussler, Fabian/0000-0003-1500-6571; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Casanova, Sabrina/0000-0002-6144-9122; Meyer, Manuel/0000-0002-0738-7581; Backes, Michael/0000-0002-9326-6400; Reichardt, Ignasi/0000-0003-3694-3820; Moulin, Emmanuel/0000-0003-4007-0145; Chadwick, Paula/0000-0002-1468-2685; mohamed, mahmoud/0000-0002-4625-6242; de los Reyes Lopez, Raquel/0000-0003-0485-9552; Komin, Nukri/0000-0003-3280-0582; Maxted, Nigel/0000-0003-2762-8378; Drury, Luke/0000-0002-9257-2270; Venter, Christo/0000-0002-2666-4812; Sushch, Iurii/0000-0002-2814-1257; Bordas, Pol/0000-0002-0266-8536; Oya, Igor/0000-0002-3881-9324; Rowell, Gavin/0000-0002-9516-1581; Lenain, Jean-Philippe/0000-0001-7284-9220 FU German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF); Max Planck Society; French Ministry for Research; CNRS-IN2P3; Astroparticle Interdisciplinary Programme of the CNRS; U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); IPNP of Charles University; Czech Science Foundation; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; South African Department of Science and Technology; National Research Foundation; University of Namibia; Investissements d'avenir, Labex ENIGMASS; Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation; European Community [ERC-StG-259391] FX The support of the Namibian authorities and of the University of Namibia in facilitating the construction and operation of H.E.S.S. is gratefully acknowledged, as is the support by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), the Max Planck Society, the French Ministry for Research, the CNRS-IN2P3 and the Astroparticle Interdisciplinary Programme of the CNRS, the U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), the IPNP of Charles University, the Czech Science Foundation, the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the South African Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation, and the University of Namibia. We appreciate the excellent work of the technical support staff in Berlin, Durham, Hamburg, Heidelberg, Palaiseau, Paris, Saclay, and in Namibia in the construction and operation of the equipment. The authors acknowledge the useful collaboration of Gregory Martinez for the computation of the astrophysical density factors. We are grateful to Marco Cirelli for providing the electron/positron best-fit regions referred to in the conclusive discussion. This work has been supported by the Investissements d'avenir, Labex ENIGMASS. J. C. is a Wallenberg Academy Fellow, supported by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation. M. Dalton is supported by Contract No. ERC-StG-259391 from the European Community. NR 81 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 29 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC 29 PY 2014 VL 90 IS 11 AR 112012 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.90.112012 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AX9DA UT WOS:000347202900002 ER PT J AU Hernandez-Kantun, JJ Riosmena-Rodriguez, R Adey, WH Rindi, F AF Hernandez-Kantun, Jazmin J. Riosmena-Rodriguez, Rafael Adey, Walter H. Rindi, Fabio TI Analysis of the cox2-3 spacer region for population diversity and taxonomic implications in rhodolith-forming species (Rhodophyta: Corallinales) SO PHYTOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Corallinales; cox2-3 spacer; molecular diversity; cryptic species; intraspecific diversity; interspecific diversity ID PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; BATRACHOSPERMALES; PHYLLOPHORACEAE; RHODOMELACEAE; AHNFELTIOPSIS; MITOCHONDRIAL; GIGARTINALES; VARIABILITY; MACROALGAE; GENETICS AB Coralline red algae demonstrate phenotypic plasticity related to environmental factors, rendering their identification difficult. The cox2-3 spacer is a mitochondrial marker widely used for phylogeographic studies and discrimination between closely related species in red algae; however, cox2-3 spacer sequence data for coralline algae are still limited. In this study we substantially increase the number of cox2-3 spacer sequences available for coralline algae, exploring their usefulness for different types of molecular investigations in coralline algae (DNA barcoding and phylogeography), with emphasis on rhodolith-forming species. Specimens from North Atlantic Europe, the Caribbean region and the Gulf of California (Mexico) were sequenced and two datasets were built, one for the subfamily Lithophylloideae and one for the Melobesioideae. Our results suggest the utility of cox2-3 spacer as barcoding marker for coralline algae with a slight variation in the barcode gap depending in the way gaps in the alignment are treated. Analyses on both datasets found a barcode gap or separation between intra and interspecific divergence (p distance and ABGD analysis) while some inconsistencies were evident when the results were compared with morphology-based classification. Using the cox2-3 spacer region, the morphospecies Lithophyllum margaritae from the Gulf of California revealed the existence of two well-supported clades, with the possibility of respectively five and two additional species; haplotype networks for Phymatolithon calcareum and P. purpureum revealed similar patterns when Mediterranean and NW Europe specimens were analysed, and P. calcareum was shown to consist of a single population in NW Europe. Based on our analyses the marker cox2-3 spacer has strong potential applications for studies of phylogeography and DNA barcoding in coralline algae after understanding its variation. C1 [Hernandez-Kantun, Jazmin J.; Adey, Walter H.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. Univ Baja California Sur UABCS, Dept Biol Marina, Programa Invest Bot Marina, La Paz 23080, Bolivia. [Riosmena-Rodriguez, Rafael] Univ Politecn Marche, Dipartimento Sci Vita & Ambiente, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. RP Hernandez-Kantun, JJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM jaz1083@gmail.com FU National Council for Science and Technology, Mexico [CONACyT-211950]; SEP (Secretariat for Public Education, Mexico); Marine Institute (Ireland) as part of the National Marine Biodiscovery Program (Beaufort Award for Marine Biodiscovery to the National University of Ireland, Galway); European Community [NMP3-CT-2003-505758]; National University of Ireland, Galway; M.I.U.R. (Italian Ministry for Education, Universities and Research); CONACyT; CONABIO; FMCN FX JH was supported by a PhD scholarship from CONACyT-211950 (National Council for Science and Technology, Mexico) and SEP (Secretariat for Public Education, Mexico). Financial support was received from the Marine Institute (Ireland) as part of the National Marine Biodiscovery Program (Beaufort Award for Marine Biodiscovery to the National University of Ireland, Galway), from the European Community through the FP6-funded project HIPPOCRATERATES (NMP3-CT-2003-505758), and from the National University of Ireland, Galway through the Thomas Crawford Award, and from the M.I.U.R. (Italian Ministry for Education, Universities and Research) through a P.R.I.N. 2011 Project (Coastal bioconstructions: structure, function and management). Collection trips in the Gulf of California were funded by CONACyT, CONABIO and FMCN. Jacques Grall, Conxi Rodriguez-Prieto, Christine Maggs, Charmaine Blake, Meadhbh Moriarty, Viviana Pena, Jose Castillo, Alejandra Sanchez, Michael Guiry, Nestor Robinson and Niamh Nolan are gratefully acknowledged for collection of samples and/or assistance in the field. We thank Jo Wilbraham at BM for assistance with obtaining specimens on loan and Pierce Lalor for his help with the SEM images. We would like to thank the reviewers for their detailed comments and suggestions. NR 75 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 13 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1179-3155 EI 1179-3163 J9 PHYTOTAXA JI Phytotaxa PD DEC 24 PY 2014 VL 190 IS 1 SI SI BP 331 EP 354 PG 24 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AY4LJ UT WOS:000347549300018 ER PT J AU Kathriner, A Bauer, AM O'Shea, M Sanchez, C Kaiser, H AF Kathriner, Andrew Bauer, Aaron M. O'Shea, Mark Sanchez, Caitlin Kaiser, Hinrich TI Hiding in plain sight: a new species of bent-toed gecko (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Cyrtodactylus) from West Timor, collected by Malcolm Smith in 1924 SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Gekkonidae; Cyrtodactylus; new species; Lesser Sunda Archipelago; West Timor; Indonesia; description; taxonomy; osteology; Malcolm Smith ID 1ST REPORT; HERPETOFAUNA; INDONESIA; LESTE; REPTILIA; SULAWESI; TAXONOMY; ISLAND; GENUS; GRAY AB We describe a new species of bent-toed gecko from a single specimen initially collected in 1924 by Malcolm Smith on Timor Island in the Lesser Sunda Archipelago of Indonesia. Cyrtodactylus celatus sp. nov. is distinguished from all other congeners by the following combination of characters: small adult size; without spinose tubercles on the ventrolateral body fold and along the lateral margin of the tail; 16 longitudinal rows of tubercles at midbody; 42 ventral scales between the ventrolateral folds at midbody; no transversely enlarged, median subcaudal scales; 17 subdigital lamellae (seven basal + ten distal) under the fourth toe; no abrupt transition between postfemoral and ventral femoral scale series. The specimen is the earliest confirmed record of the genus Cyrtodactylus for Timor, and it is the first putatively endemic gecko species described from this island. C1 [Kathriner, Andrew; Bauer, Aaron M.] Villanova Univ, Dept Biol, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. [O'Shea, Mark] Wolverhampton Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, W Midlands, England. [O'Shea, Mark] West Midland Safari Pk, Bewdley DY12 1LF, Worcs, England. [Sanchez, Caitlin; Kaiser, Hinrich] Victor Valley Coll, Dept Biol, Victorville, CA 92395 USA. [Kaiser, Hinrich] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Kaiser, H (reprint author), Victor Valley Coll, Dept Biol, 18422 Bear Valley Rd, Victorville, CA 92395 USA. EM hinrich.kaiser@vvc.edu FU V Grant to the Department of Biology at Victor Valley College; NSF [DEB 0844523, EF 1241885, 13-0632] FX We very much appreciate the help of Patrick Campbell (BMNH) for producing x-rays of Malcolm Smith's specimen, for facilitating the use of the BMNH collections, and for the loan of this single valuable specimen. We thank Jeremy Jacobs, Robert Wilson, and Kenneth Tighe of the United States National Museum of Natural History for their help in arranging the loan of Smith's specimen, and Sandra Raredon for her assistance with the USNM digital x-ray setup. Partial financial support for surveys in Timor-Leste and for a visit to the BMNH by CS and HK came from a Title V Grant to the Department of Biology at Victor Valley College. This paper is Contribution No. 13 from the Tropical Research Initiative at Victor Valley College. Support for this research was provided by NSF grants DEB 0844523 and EF 1241885 (subaward 13-0632) to AMB. NR 41 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 24 PY 2014 VL 3900 IS 4 BP 555 EP 568 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AX4LC UT WOS:000346903100006 PM 25543756 ER PT J AU Lindner, A Cairns, SD Zibrowius, H AF Lindner, Alberto Cairns, Stephen D. Zibrowius, Helmut TI Leptohelia flexibilis gen. nov et sp nov., a remarkable deep-sea stylasterid (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Stylasteridae) from the southwest Pacific SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE evolution; systematics; New Caledonia; Norfolk Ridge; coral ID WATER CORALS; DIVERSITY AB Leptohelia flexibilis gen. nov. et sp. nov., the first stylasterid with a combined calcified and non-calcified skeleton, is described from seamounts and the slope off the islands of New Caledonia, in the southwestern Pacific. The new species is distinguished from all other species of the family Stylasteridae by having a non-calcified organic axis, internal to the basal portion of the calcified corallum. The internal axis is flexible and enclosed by a series of up to 10 calcified annuli, allowing passive lateral bending of the colony. Molecular phylogenetic analyses confirm that Leptohelia flexibilis is a stylasterid coral and reveal that the species is closely related to Leptohelia microstylus comb. nov., a southwestern Pacific stylasterid that lacks an internal axis. C1 [Cairns, Stephen D.] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Ctr Ciencias Biol, Dept Ecol & Zool, BR-88040970 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. [Cairns, Stephen D.] Smithsonian Inst, NMNH, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Lindner, A (reprint author), Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Ctr Ciencias Biol, Dept Ecol & Zool, Edificio Fritz Muller, BR-88040970 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. EM alberto.lindner@ufsc.br; cairnss@si.edu; helmut.zibrowius@orange.fr RI Lindner, Alberto/E-1946-2013 FU National Science Foundation (NSF PEET grant) [DEB-9978086]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) [BEX0917-0] FX Funding for this work was provided by the National Science Foundation (NSF PEET grant, DEB-9978086, to Clifford W. Cunningham and Stephen D. Cairns) and by a scholarship from Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES BEX0917-0). Alberto Lindner thanks Bertrand Richer de Forges and Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD) for the opportunity to join the Norfolk2 cruise off New Caledonia. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 24 PY 2014 VL 3900 IS 4 BP 581 EP 591 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AX4LC UT WOS:000346903100008 PM 25543758 ER PT J AU Pasquaretta, C Leve, M Claidiere, N van de Waal, E Whiten, A MacIntosh, AJJ Pele, M Bergstrom, ML Borgeaud, C Brosnan, SF Crofoot, MC Fedigan, LM Fichtel, C Hopper, LM Mareno, MC Petit, O Schnoell, AV di Sorrentino, EP Thierry, B Tiddi, B Sueur, C AF Pasquaretta, Cristian Leve, Marine Claidiere, Nicolas van de Waal, Erica Whiten, Andrew MacIntosh, Andrew J. J. Pele, Marie Bergstrom, Mackenzie L. Borgeaud, Christele Brosnan, Sarah F. Crofoot, Margaret C. Fedigan, Linda M. Fichtel, Claudia Hopper, Lydia M. Mareno, Mary Catherine Petit, Odile Schnoell, Anna Viktoria di Sorrentino, Eugenia Polizzi Thierry, Bernard Tiddi, Barbara Sueur, Cedric TI Social networks in primates: smart and tolerant species have more efficient networks SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID GROUP-SIZE; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; DECISION-MAKING; NEOCORTEX SIZE; BEHAVIOR; BRAIN; CONSEQUENCES; INTELLIGENCE; ORGANIZATION; COOPERATION AB Network optimality has been described in genes, proteins and human communicative networks. In the latter, optimality leads to the efficient transmission of information with a minimum number of connections. Whilst studies show that differences in centrality exist in animal networks with central individuals having higher fitness, network efficiency has never been studied in animal groups. Here we studied 78 groups of primates (24 species). We found that group size and neocortex ratio were correlated with network efficiency. Centralisation (whether several individuals are central in the group) and modularity (how a group is clustered) had opposing effects on network efficiency, showing that tolerant species have more efficient networks. Such network properties affecting individual fitness could be shaped by natural selection. Our results are in accordance with the social brain and cultural intelligence hypotheses, which suggest that the importance of network efficiency and information flow through social learning relates to cognitive abilities. C1 [Pasquaretta, Cristian; Leve, Marine; Petit, Odile; Thierry, Bernard; Sueur, Cedric] Univ Strasbourg, Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Strasbourg, France. [Pasquaretta, Cristian; Leve, Marine; Petit, Odile; Thierry, Bernard; Sueur, Cedric] CNRS, Dept Ecol Physiol & Ethol, Strasbourg, France. [Leve, Marine] Ecole Normale Super, F-75231 Paris, France. [Claidiere, Nicolas; van de Waal, Erica; Whiten, Andrew] Univ St Andrews, Ctr Social Learning & Cognit Evolut, Sch Psychol & Neurosci, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland. [van de Waal, Erica; Whiten, Andrew; Borgeaud, Christele] Mawana Game Reserve, Inkawu Vervet Project, Swart Mfolozi, Kwazulu Natal, South Africa. [MacIntosh, Andrew J. J.] Kyoto Univ, Primate Res Inst, Ctr Int Collaborat & Adv Studies Primatol, Inuyama, Aichi 4848506, Japan. [MacIntosh, Andrew J. J.] Kyoto Univ, Wildlife Res Ctr, Sakyo Ku, Kyoto 6068203, Japan. [Pele, Marie] Ethobiosci, Res & Consultancy Agcy Anim Wellbeing & Behav, Strasbourg, France. [Bergstrom, Mackenzie L.; Fedigan, Linda M.] Univ Calgary, Dept Anthropol, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Borgeaud, Christele] Univ Neuchatel, Inst Biol, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland. [Brosnan, Sarah F.; Hopper, Lydia M.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Psychol, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. [Brosnan, Sarah F.; Hopper, Lydia M.] Georgia State Univ, Language Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. [Crofoot, Margaret C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anthropol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Crofoot, Margaret C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Fichtel, Claudia] German Primate Ctr, Behav Ecol & Sociobiol Unit, Gottingen, Germany. [Fichtel, Claudia; Schnoell, Anna Viktoria; Tiddi, Barbara] Univ Gottingen, Courant Res Ctr Evolut Social Behav, Gottingen, Germany. [Hopper, Lydia M.] Lincoln Pk Zoo, Lester E Fisher Ctr Study & Conservat Apes, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Hopper, Lydia M.; Mareno, Mary Catherine] UT MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Michale E Keeling Ctr Comparat Med & Res, Bastrop, TX 78602 USA. [Petit, Odile; Sueur, Cedric] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Unit Social Ecol, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [di Sorrentino, Eugenia Polizzi] ISTC CNR, Unit Cognit Primatol, Rome, Italy. [di Sorrentino, Eugenia Polizzi] ISTC CNR, Ctr Primate, Rome, Italy. [Tiddi, Barbara] German Primate Ctr, Cognit Ethol Lab, Gottingen, Germany. RP Sueur, C (reprint author), Univ Strasbourg, Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, Strasbourg, France. EM cedric.sueur@iphc.cnrs.fr RI MacIntosh, Andrew/B-2242-2013; Zimmermann, Elke/D-2281-2015; Sueur, Cedric/A-4020-2011; OI MacIntosh, Andrew/0000-0002-9136-7099; Sueur, Cedric/0000-0001-8206-2739; Polizzi di Sorrentino, Eugenia/0000-0002-5554-9813 FU NIH [OD-011197]; University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS); Fyssen Foundation; Universite Franco Italienne [25980YL]; Swiss National Science Foundation [CRSI33_133040]; Canada Research Chairs Program; NSERCC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada); Alberta Innovates Technology Futures; International Primatological Society; Sigma Xi; University of Calgary; NSF CAREER Award [0847351]; Japan Ministry of Environment, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences (JSPS); Cooperative Research Program of the Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University FX We acknowledge M. Shimada, A.J. King, P.M. Kappeler, C. Bret, V. Dufour, P. Izar and S. Perry for sharing their data. We thank R.I.M. Dunbar for his comments on the manuscript. We acknowledge the support of S.P. Lambeth and S.J. Schapiro in collecting these chimpanzee data. The chimpanzee colony at UTMD Anderson Cancer Center is supported by NIH U42 (OD-011197). C.S. is granted by the University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS) and the Fyssen Foundation. C.S., O.P., B.T. and E.P.S. thank the Universite Franco Italienne (project n.25980YL). E.W., A.W. and the vervet monkeys data were funded Sinergia grant (CRSI33_133040) from the Swiss National Science Foundation to R. Bshary, C.P. van Schaik, and A.W.L.F. and M.B. thank the Costa Rican National Park Service and administrators of the Area de Conservacion Guanacaste (especially Sr. Roger Blanco Segura) for permission to conduct research in ACG since 1983. L.F's research is funded by the Canada Research Chairs Program and an on-going Discovery Grant from NSERCC (Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada). M.L.B's research was funded by Alberta Innovates Technology Futures, International Primatological Society, Sigma Xi, and the University of Calgary. L.H. and S.F.B. were supported by NSF CAREER Award 0847351 to S.F.B. A.J.J.M. was supported by the Japan Ministry of Environment, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), the Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences (JSPS) and the Cooperative Research Program of the Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University. NR 60 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 16 U2 98 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD DEC 23 PY 2014 VL 4 AR 7600 DI 10.1038/srep07600 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AX1SE UT WOS:000346725600002 PM 25534964 ER PT J AU Gagne, RJ Barosh, T Kephart, S AF Gagne, Raymond J. Barosh, Theresa Kephart, Susan TI A new species of Dasineura Rondani (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in flower galls of Camassia (Asparagaceae: Agavoideae) in the Pacific Northwest, USA SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Agavoideae; Camassia; Cecidomyiidae; Dasineurini; flower gall midges; Lasiopteridi; Nearctic ID MIDGES DIPTERA; PHYLOGENY AB A new species, Dasineura camassiae Gagne (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is described, illustrated and compared to some of its congeners from related hosts and western North America. The new species causes flower galls on Camassia (Agavoideae; Asparagaceae) in the Pacific Northwest. Its current known distribution is Oregon and Washington, USA. Larvae develop in spring in flowers of Camassia spp., causing the young ovaries to enlarge prematurely and eventually abort, without forming seeds or mature fruit. Full-grown larvae crawl out of the gall in rapid succession and drop to the soil where they pupate; they remain there until spring of the following year when the adults emerge and lay eggs. The galls they induce in camas lily buds represent the first known association of the cosmopolitan genus Dasineura with the group of plants that includes Agave and its relatives. C1 [Gagne, Raymond J.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Smithsonian Inst MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Barosh, Theresa] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Barosh, Theresa; Kephart, Susan] Willamette Univ, Dept Biol, Salem, OR 97301 USA. RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Smithsonian Inst MRC 168, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM raymond.gagne@ars.usda.gov; Theresa.Barosh@colostate.edu; skephart@willamette.edu FU M.J. Murdock Trust; NSF [DEB 1146531]; Botanical Society of America; Willamette University FX We are grateful for the help we received with this project from many individuals: Kathryn Theiss, Willamette University, for helpful contributions and logistical support in diverse aspects of this project, and for updating prior Liliaceae names for plant hosts of Cecidomyiidae; the many students and volunteers for field and laboratory assistance in collecting, surveying, and observing galls, in particular Natalie Amo, Emily Dick, Sean Fogerty, Kaliko Gadson, Linnea Hardlund, Florisela Herrejon-Chavez, Jim Kephart, Michael LaDouceur, Surabhi Mahajan, Rhys Ormond, and Jaime Peters; Peter Kolesik, Bionomics Ltd., Thebarton, SA, Australia, for ferreting out and sharing with us the de Stefani 1913 paper; Mike Althaus, Silver Spring, Maryland, for the final arrangement and labeling of Figs. 6-14; landowners John Marikos, the Lincolns, the Oregon Department of Transportation, The Nature Conservancy, and the U.S. Forest Service for invaluable access to field sites; and Christopher Borkent, California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, and Netta Dorchin, Tel Aviv University, Israel, for their close reading, helpful comments and insights on the final manuscript. This research was supported in part by: M.J. Murdock Trust and NSF DEB 1146531 grants (to SRK); Botanical Society of America and Willamette University Carson Awards (to TB). NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 22 PY 2014 VL 3900 IS 2 BP 271 EP 278 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AX4KW UT WOS:000346902500007 PM 25543738 ER PT J AU Munoz, DJ Kratter, K Springel, V Hernquist, L AF Munoz, D. J. Kratter, K. Springel, V. Hernquist, L. TI Planet-disc interaction on a freely moving mesh SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; instabilities; methods: numerical; planet-disc interactions; protoplanetary discs ID LOW-MASS PLANETS; ROSSBY-WAVE INSTABILITY; THIN ACCRETION DISKS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; DENSITY WAVES; HIGH-RESOLUTION; GAP FORMATION; SYMPLECTIC INTEGRATORS; SATELLITE INTERACTION; EMBEDDED PROTOPLANET AB General-purpose, moving-mesh schemes for hydrodynamics have opened the possibility of combining the accuracy of grid-based numerical methods with the flexibility and automatic resolution adaptivity of particle-based methods. Due to their supersonic nature, Keplerian accretion discs are in principle a very attractive system for applying such freely moving-mesh techniques. However, the high degree of symmetry of simple accretion disc models can be difficult to capture accurately by these methods, due to the generation of geometric grid noise and associated numerical diffusion, which is absent in polar grids. To explore these and other issues, in this work we study the idealized problem of two-dimensional planet-disc interaction with the moving-mesh code AREPO. We explore the hydrodynamic evolution of discs with planets through a series of numerical experiments that vary the planet mass, the disc viscosity and the mesh resolution, and compare the resulting surface density, vortensity field and tidal torque with results from the literature. We find that the performance of the moving-mesh code in this problem is in accordance with published results, showing good consistency with grid codes written in polar coordinates. We also conclude that grid noise and mesh distortions do not introduce excessive numerical diffusion. Finally, we show how the moving-mesh approach can help in resolving an outstanding challenge for polar-coordinate grid codes, namely the successful implementation of adaptive mesh refinement in regions of high density around planets and planetary wakes, while retaining the background flow at low resolution. C1 [Munoz, D. J.; Hernquist, L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Munoz, D. J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ctr Space Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Kratter, K.] Univ Colorado, JILA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Kratter, K.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Springel, V.] Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Springel, V.] Heidelberg Univ, ARI, Zentrum Astron, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Munoz, DJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM dmunoz@cfa.harvard.edu FU European Research Council under ERC-StG grant [EXAGAL-308037]; Fullbright-CONICYT graduate fellowship program FX The research presented here was carried out as part of DJM's PhD thesis at Harvard University. The simulations in this paper were run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Science Division Research Computing Group at Harvard University. We are thankful to Ramesh Narayan, Cristobal Petrovich, Mark Vogelsberger, Chris Hayward and Dylan Nelson for helpful discussions. DJM would like to thank Dimitar Sasselov, Matthew Holman, Ruth Murray-Clay and James Stone for insightful feedback and support throughout the development of this work. VS acknowledges support by the European Research Council under ERC-StG grant EXAGAL-308037. DJM acknowledges partial support from the Fullbright-CONICYT graduate fellowship program. NR 86 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 21 PY 2014 VL 445 IS 4 BP 3475 EP 3495 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu1918 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX5JY UT WOS:000346963300013 ER PT J AU Fossati, L Kolenberg, K Shulyak, DV Elmasli, A Tsymbal, V Barnes, TG Guggenberger, E Kochukhov, O AF Fossati, L. Kolenberg, K. Shulyak, D. V. Elmasli, A. Tsymbal, V. Barnes, T. G. Guggenberger, E. Kochukhov, O. TI An in-depth spectroscopic analysis of RR Lyr Variations over the pulsation cycle SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE techniques: spectroscopic; stars: individual: RR Lyr; stars: oscillations ID LINE-DATA-BASE; TURBULENT CONVECTION; SHOCK-WAVES; STARS; MODEL AB The stellar parameters of RR Lyrae stars vary considerably over a pulsation cycle, and their determination is crucial for stellar modelling. We present a detailed spectroscopic analysis of the pulsating star RR Lyr, the prototype of its class, over a complete pulsation cycle, based on high-resolution spectra collected at the 2.7-m telescope of McDonald Observatory. We used simultaneous photometry to determine the accurate pulsation phase of each spectrum and determined the effective temperature, the shape of the depth-dependent microturbulent velocity, and the abundance of several elements, for each phase. The surface gravity was fixed to 2.4. Element abundances resulting from our analysis are stable over the pulsation cycle. However, a variation in ionization equilibrium is observed around minimum radius. We attribute this mostly to a dynamical acceleration contributing to the surface gravity. Variable turbulent convection on time-scales longer than the pulsation cycle has been proposed as a cause for the Blazhko effect. We test this hypothesis to some extent by using the derived variable depth-dependent microturbulent velocity profiles to estimate their effect on the stellar magnitude. These effects turn out to be wavelength dependent and much smaller than the observed light variations over the Blazhko cycle: if variations in the turbulent motions are entirely responsible for the Blazhko effect, they must surpass the scales covered by the microturbulent velocity. This work demonstrates the possibility of a self-consistent spectroscopic analysis over an entire pulsation cycle using static atmosphere models, provided one takes into account certain features of a rapidly pulsating atmosphere. C1 [Fossati, L.] Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Kolenberg, K.] Inst Sterrenkunde, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. [Kolenberg, K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Shulyak, D. V.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Elmasli, A.] Ankara Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, TR-06100 Ankara, Turkey. [Tsymbal, V.] Tavrian Natl Univ, Simferopol, Ukraine. [Barnes, T. G.] Univ Texas Austin, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Guggenberger, E.] Univ Vienna, Inst Astron, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Kochukhov, O.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. RP Fossati, L (reprint author), Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, Hugel 71, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. EM lfossati@astro.uni-bonn.de FU Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship [255267 SAS-RRL]; European Community; Austrian Fonds zur Forderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung [P17097-N02]; CRC [963, A16, A17]; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) [112T119]; Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Goran Gustafsson Foundation FX The authors would like to thank the referee George Preston for useful comments that improved the manuscript. LF acknowledges financial support from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. KK is supported by a Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship (255267 SAS-RRL) with the 7th European Community Framework Program. Part of this investigation has been supported by the Austrian Fonds zur Forderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung, project number P17097-N02. DS acknowledges financial support from CRC 963 - Astrophysical Flow Instabilities and Turbulence (project A16 and A17). AE acknowledges support from The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK), project number 112T119. OK is a Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Research Fellow supported by grants from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and Goran Gustafsson Foundation. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 21 PY 2014 VL 445 IS 4 BP 4094 EP 4104 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu2044 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX5JY UT WOS:000346963300058 ER PT J AU Lee, J Yi, SK Elahi, PJ Thomas, PA Pearce, FR Behroozi, P Han, JX Helly, J Jung, I Knebe, A Mao, YY Onions, J Rodriguez-Gomez, V Schneider, A Srisawat, C Tweed, D AF Lee, Jaehyun Yi, Sukyoung K. Elahi, Pascal J. Thomas, Peter A. Pearce, Frazer R. Behroozi, Peter Han, Jiaxin Helly, John Jung, Intae Knebe, Alexander Mao, Yao-Yuan Onions, Julian Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente Schneider, Aurel Srisawat, Chaichalit Tweed, Dylan TI Sussing merger trees: the impact of halo merger trees on galaxy properties in a semi-analytic model SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: numerical; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: haloes ID DARK-MATTER HALOES; FINDER COMPARISON PROJECT; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; BLACK-HOLES; COOLING FLOWS; MASSIVE GALAXIES; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; ASSEMBLY HISTORY AB A halo merger tree forms the essential backbone of a semi-analytic model for galaxy formation and evolution. Recent studies have pointed out that extracting merger trees from numerical simulations of structure formation is non-trivial; different tree building algorithms can give differing merger histories. These differences should be carefully understood before merger trees are used as input for models of galaxy formation. We investigate the impact of different halo merger trees on a semi-analytic model. We find that the z = 0 galaxy properties in our model show differences between trees when using a common parameter set. The star formation history of the universe and the properties of satellite galaxies can show marked differences between trees with different construction methods. Independently calibrating the semi-analytic model for each tree can reduce the discrepancies between the z = 0 global galaxy properties, at the cost of increasing the differences in the evolutionary histories of galaxies. Furthermore, the underlying physics implied can vary, resulting in key quantities such as the supernova feedback efficiency differing by factors of 2. Such a change alters the regimes where star formation is primarily suppressed by supernovae. Therefore, halo merger trees extracted from a common halo catalogue using different, but reliable, algorithms can result in a difference in the semi-analytic model. Given the uncertainties in galaxy formation physics, however, these differences may not necessarily be viewed as significant. C1 [Lee, Jaehyun; Yi, Sukyoung K.; Jung, Intae] Yonsei Univ, Dept Astron, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Lee, Jaehyun; Yi, Sukyoung K.; Jung, Intae] Yonsei Univ, Yonsei Univ Observ, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Elahi, Pascal J.] Univ Sydney, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2016, Australia. [Thomas, Peter A.; Schneider, Aurel; Srisawat, Chaichalit] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Pearce, Frazer R.; Onions, Julian] Univ Nottingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Behroozi, Peter; Mao, Yao-Yuan] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Behroozi, Peter; Mao, Yao-Yuan] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Behroozi, Peter] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Han, Jiaxin; Helly, John] Univ Durham, Inst Computat Cosmol, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Jung, Intae] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Knebe, Alexander] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Mao, Yao-Yuan] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Tweed, Dylan] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. RP Lee, J (reprint author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Astron, Seoul 120749, South Korea. EM syncphy@gmail.com OI Onions, Julian/0000-0001-5192-6856; Pearce, Frazer/0000-0002-2383-9250; Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente/0000-0002-9495-0079; Mao, Yao-Yuan/0000-0002-1200-0820; Schneider, Aurel/0000-0001-7055-8104 FU National Research Foundation of Korea [Doyak 2014003730]; Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) in Spain [AYA2012-31101]; Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) [MultiDark CSD2009-00064]; Australian Research Council (ARC) [DP130100117, DP140100198]; SSimPL programme; Sydney Institute for Astronomy (SIfA) [DP130100117, DP14010019]; Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/I000976/1, ST/L000652/1]; Space Telescope Science Institute; NASA [NAS5-26555]; [KSC-2012-C3-10] FX SKY acknowledges support from the National Research Foundation of Korea (Doyak 2014003730). Numerical simulations were performed using the KISTI supercomputer under the programme of KSC-2012-C3-10. This study was performed under the DRC collaboration between Yonsei University and the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute.; AK is supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) in Spain through grant AYA2012-31101 as well as the Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Programme of the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) under grant MultiDark CSD2009-00064. He also acknowledges support from the Australian Research Council (ARC) grants DP130100117 and DP140100198. He further thanks Red House Painters for japanese to english.; PJE is supported by the SSimPL programme and the Sydney Institute for Astronomy (SIfA), DP130100117 and DP14010019.; PAT acknowledges support from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (grant numbers ST/I000976/1 & ST/L000652/1).; PSB is funded by a Giacconi Fellowship through the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. NR 78 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 21 PY 2014 VL 445 IS 4 BP 4197 EP 4210 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu2039 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX5JY UT WOS:000346963300067 ER PT J AU de Mooij, EJW Lopez-Morales, M Karjalainen, R Hrudkova, M Jayawardhana, R AF de Mooij, E. J. W. Lopez-Morales, M. Karjalainen, R. Hrudkova, M. Jayawardhana, Ray TI GROUND-BASED TRANSIT OBSERVATIONS OF THE SUPER-EARTH 55 Cnc e SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; stars: individual (55 Cnc); techniques: photometric ID PRECISION; RADIUS; PLANET AB We report the first ground-based detections of the shallow transit of the super-Earth exoplanet 55 Cnc e using a 2 m class telescope. Using differential spectrophotometry, we observed one transit in 2013 and another in 2014, with average spectral resolutions of similar to 700 and similar to 250, spanning the Johnson BVR photometric bands. We find a white light planet-to-star radius ratio of 0.0190(-0.0027)(+0.0023) from the 2013 observations and 0.0200(-0.0018)(+0.0017) from the 2014 observations. The two data sets combined result in a radius ratio of 0.0198(-0.0014)(+0.0013). These values are all in agreement with previous space-based results. Scintillation noise in the data prevents us from placing strong constraints on the presence of an extended hydrogen-rich atmosphere. Nevertheless, our detections of 55 Cnc e in transit demonstrate that moderate-sized telescopes on the ground will be capable of routine follow-up observations of super-Earth candidates discovered by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite around bright stars. We expect it also will be possible to place constraints on the atmospheric characteristics of those planets by devising observational strategies to minimize scintillation noise. C1 [de Mooij, E. J. W.] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Lopez-Morales, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Karjalainen, R.; Hrudkova, M.] Isaac Newton Grp Telescopes, La Palma, Spain. [Jayawardhana, Ray] York Univ, Toronto, ON M3J 2R7, Canada. RP de Mooij, EJW (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. EM demooij@astro.utoronto.ca FU Ontario Postdoctoral Fellowship; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; John Templeton Foundation FX Based on observations made with the Nordic Optical Telescope, operated by the Nordic Optical Telescope Scientific Association at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain, of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. The data presented here were obtained with ALFOSC, which is provided by the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (IAA) under a joint agreement with the University of Copenhagen and NOTSA. E.dM. is supported in part by an Ontario Postdoctoral Fellowship. This work is supported by grants to R.J. from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. M.L.M. acknowledges support from a grant from the John Templeton Foundation. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the John Templeton Foundation. We are grateful to the staff of the Nordic Optical Telescope for their help with executing these observations. We also thank Renyu Hu for sharing his 55 Cnc e atmospheric models with us. We thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 20 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 2 AR L21 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/797/2/L21 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AY3CL UT WOS:000347462000009 ER PT J AU Tian, H Li, G Reeves, KK Raymond, JC Guo, F Liu, W Chen, B Murphy, NA AF Tian, Hui Li, Gang Reeves, Katharine K. Raymond, John C. Guo, Fan Liu, Wei Chen, Bin Murphy, Nicholas A. TI IMAGING AND SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS OF MAGNETIC RECONNECTION AND CHROMOSPHERIC EVAPORATION IN A SOLAR FLARE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE line: profiles; magnetic reconnection; Sun: chromosphere; Sun: flares; Sun: transition region ID SUPRA-ARCADE DOWNFLOWS; CURRENT SHEET; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; TERMINATION SHOCK; HINODE; SPECTROMETER; EJECTIONS; ELECTRONS; DYNAMICS; OUTFLOWS AB Magnetic reconnection is believed to be the dominant energy release mechanism in solar flares. The standard flare model predicts both downward and upward outflow plasmas with speeds close to the coronal Alfven speed. Yet, spectroscopic observations of such outflows, especially the downflows, are extremely rare. With observations of the newly launched Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS), we report the detection of a greatly redshifted (similar to 125 km s(-1) along the line of sight) Fe XXI 1354.08.angstrom emission line with a similar to 100 km s(-1) nonthermal width at the reconnection site of a flare. The redshifted Fe XXI feature coincides spatially with the loop-top X-ray source observed by RHESSI. We interpret this large redshift as the signature of downward-moving reconnection outflow/hot retracting loops. Imaging observations from both IRIS and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory also reveal the eruption and reconnection processes. Fast downward-propagating blobs along these loops are also found from cool emission lines (e. g., Si IV, O IV, C II, Mg II) and images of AIA and IRIS. Furthermore, the entire Fe XXI line is blueshifted by similar to 260 km s(-1) at the loop footpoints, where the cool lines mentioned above all exhibit obvious redshift, a result that is consistent with the scenario of chromospheric evaporation induced by downward-propagating nonthermal electrons from the reconnection site. C1 [Tian, Hui; Reeves, Katharine K.; Raymond, John C.; Chen, Bin; Murphy, Nicholas A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Li, Gang] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Li, Gang] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Guo, Fan] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Liu, Wei] Lockheed Martin Solar & Astrophys Lab, Palo Alto, CA 94305 USA. [Liu, Wei] Stanford Univ, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Tian, H (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM hui.tian@cfa.harvard.edu RI Guo, Fan/H-1723-2013; OI Murphy, Nicholas/0000-0001-6628-8033; Guo, Fan/0000-0003-4315-3755 FU Norwegian Space Center (NSC, Norway) through an ESA PRODEX contract; LMSAL [8100002705, SP02H1701R]; NASA grant [NNX11AB61G]; NSF [ATM-08477719]; NASA LWS grant [NNX13AF79G] FX IRIS is a NASA small explorer mission developed and operated by LMSAL with mission operations executed at NASA Ames Research center and major contributions to down-link communications funded by the Norwegian Space Center (NSC, Norway) through an ESA PRODEX contract. This work is supported by contracts 8100002705 and SP02H1701R from LMSAL to SAO, NASA grant NNX11AB61G, and NSF ATM-08477719. We thank B. Zhang for interpreting the Fermi data and L.-H. Wang for discussions. Work performed by W. L. is supported by NASA LWS grant NNX13AF79G. NR 41 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 20 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 2 AR L14 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/797/2/L14 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AY3CL UT WOS:000347462000002 ER PT J AU Aliu, E Archambault, S Arlen, T Aune, T Barnacka, A Beilicke, M Benbow, W Berger, K Bird, R Bouvier, A Buckley, JH Bugaev, V Cerruti, M Chen, X Ciupik, L Collins-Hughes, E Connolly, MP Cui, W Dumm, J Eisch, JD Falcone, A Federici, S Feng, Q Finley, JP Fleischhack, H Fortin, P Fortson, L Furniss, A Galante, N Gillanders, GH Griffin, S Griffiths, ST Grube, J Gyuk, G Hakansson, N Hanna, D Holder, J Hughes, G Hughes, Z Humensky, TB Johnson, CA Kaaret, P Kar, P Kertzman, M Khassen, Y Kieda, D Krawczynski, H Krennrich, F Lang, MJ Madhavan, AS Majumdar, P McArthur, S McCann, A Meagher, K Millis, J Moriarty, P Mukherjee, R Nelson, T Nieto, D de Bhroithe, AO Ong, RA Otte, AN Park, N Perkins, JS Pohl, M Popkow, A Prokoph, H Quinn, J Ragan, K Rajotte, J Reyes, LC Reynolds, PT Richards, GT Roache, E Sadun, A Santander, M Sembroski, GH Shahinyan, K Sheidaei, F Smith, AW Staszak, D Telezhinsky, I Theiling, M Tyler, J Varlotta, A Vassiliev, VV Vincent, S Wakely, SP Weekes, TC Weinstein, A Welsing, R Wilhelm, A Williams, DA Zitzer, B Bottcher, M Fumagalli, M AF Aliu, E. Archambault, S. Arlen, T. Aune, T. Barnacka, A. Beilicke, M. Benbow, W. Berger, K. Bird, R. Bouvier, A. Buckley, J. H. Bugaev, V. Cerruti, M. Chen, X. Ciupik, L. Collins-Hughes, E. Connolly, M. P. Cui, W. Dumm, J. Eisch, J. D. Falcone, A. Federici, S. Feng, Q. Finley, J. P. Fleischhack, H. Fortin, P. Fortson, L. Furniss, A. Galante, N. Gillanders, G. H. Griffin, S. Griffiths, S. T. Grube, J. Gyuk, G. Hakansson, N. Hanna, D. Holder, J. Hughes, G. Hughes, Z. Humensky, T. B. Johnson, C. A. Kaaret, P. Kar, P. Kertzman, M. Khassen, Y. Kieda, D. Krawczynski, H. Krennrich, F. Lang, M. J. Madhavan, A. S. Majumdar, P. McArthur, S. McCann, A. Meagher, K. Millis, J. Moriarty, P. Mukherjee, R. Nelson, T. Nieto, D. de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain Ong, R. A. Otte, A. N. Park, N. Perkins, J. S. Pohl, M. Popkow, A. Prokoph, H. Quinn, J. Ragan, K. Rajotte, J. Reyes, L. C. Reynolds, P. T. Richards, G. T. Roache, E. Sadun, A. Santander, M. Sembroski, G. H. Shahinyan, K. Sheidaei, F. Smith, A. W. Staszak, D. Telezhinsky, I. Theiling, M. Tyler, J. Varlotta, A. Vassiliev, V. V. Vincent, S. Wakely, S. P. Weekes, T. C. Weinstein, A. Welsing, R. Wilhelm, A. Williams, D. A. Zitzer, B. Boettcher, M. Fumagalli, M. CA VERITAS Collaboration TI INVESTIGATING BROADBAND VARIABILITY OF THE TeV BLAZAR 1ES 1959+650 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: individual (1ES 1959+650); gamma rays: galaxies ID SYNCHROTRON MIRROR MODEL; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; GAMMA-RAY ASTRONOMY; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; STRONG FLARES; MKN 501; X-RAY; RADIATION; ENERGY; 1ES-1959+650 AB We summarize broadband observations of the TeV-emitting blazar 1ES 1959+650, including optical R-band observations by the robotic telescopes Super-LOTIS and iTelescope, UV observations by Swift Ultraviolet and Optical Telescope, X-ray observations by the Swift X-ray Telescope, high-energy gamma-ray observations with the Fermi Large Area Telescope, and very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray observations by VERITAS above 315 GeV, all taken between 2012 April 17 and 2012 June 1 (MJD 56034 and 56079). The contemporaneous variability of the broadband spectral energy distribution is explored in the context of a simple synchrotron self Compton (SSC) model. In the SSC emission scenario, we find that the parameters required to represent the high state are significantly different than those in the low state. Motivated by possible evidence of gas in the vicinity of the blazar, we also investigate a reflected emission model to describe the observed variability pattern. This model assumes that the non-thermal emission from the jet is reflected by a nearby cloud of gas, allowing the reflected emission to re-enter the blob and produce an elevated gamma-ray state with no simultaneous elevated synchrotron flux. The model applied here, although not required to explain the observed variability pattern, represents one possible scenario which can describe the observations. As applied to an elevated VHE state of 66% of the Crab Nebula flux, observed on a single night during the observation period, the reflected emission scenario does not support a purely leptonic non-thermal emission mechanism. The reflected emission model does, however, predict a reflected photon field with sufficient energy to enable elevated gamma-ray emission via pion production with protons of energies between 10 and 100 TeV. C1 [Aliu, E.; Mukherjee, R.; Santander, M.] Columbia Univ, Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Archambault, S.; Griffin, S.; Hanna, D.; Ong, R. A.; Popkow, A.; Ragan, K.; Rajotte, J.; Staszak, D.; Tyler, J.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Arlen, T.; Aune, T.; Majumdar, P.; Vassiliev, V. V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Barnacka, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Beilicke, M.; Buckley, J. H.; Bugaev, V.; Krawczynski, H.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Benbow, W.; Cerruti, M.; Fortin, P.; Galante, N.; Roache, E.; Weekes, T. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA. [Berger, K.; Holder, J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Berger, K.; Holder, J.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Bird, R.; Collins-Hughes, E.; Khassen, Y.; Quinn, J.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Bouvier, A.; Furniss, A.; Hughes, Z.; Johnson, C. A.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Bouvier, A.; Furniss, A.; Hughes, Z.; Johnson, C. A.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Chen, X.; Federici, S.; Hakansson, N.; Pohl, M.; Telezhinsky, I.; Wilhelm, A.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. [Chen, X.; Federici, S.; Fleischhack, H.; Hughes, G.; de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain; Pohl, M.; Prokoph, H.; Telezhinsky, I.; Vincent, S.; Welsing, R.; Wilhelm, A.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ciupik, L.; Grube, J.; Gyuk, G.] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Connolly, M. P.; Gillanders, G. H.; Lang, M. J.; Moriarty, P.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Galway, Sch Phys, Galway, Ireland. [Cui, W.; Feng, Q.; Finley, J. P.; Sembroski, G. H.; Theiling, M.; Varlotta, A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Dumm, J.; Fortson, L.; Nelson, T.; Shahinyan, K.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Eisch, J. D.; Krennrich, F.; Madhavan, A. S.; Weinstein, A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Falcone, A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Griffiths, S. T.; Kaaret, P.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Humensky, T. B.; Nieto, D.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Kar, P.; Kieda, D.; Sheidaei, F.; Smith, A. W.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Kertzman, M.] Depauw Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA. [Majumdar, P.] Saha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata 700064, India. [McArthur, S.; Park, N.; Wakely, S. P.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [McCann, A.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Meagher, K.; Otte, A. N.; Richards, G. T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Meagher, K.; Otte, A. N.; Richards, G. T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Millis, J.] Anderson Univ, Dept Phys, Anderson, IN 46012 USA. [Moriarty, P.] Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Dept Life & Phys Sci, Dublin, Ireland. [Perkins, J. S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Reyes, L. C.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 94307 USA. [Reynolds, P. T.] Cork Inst Technol, Dept Appl Phys & Instrumentat, Cork, Ireland. [Sadun, A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Zitzer, B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Boettcher, M.] North West Univ, Ctr Space Res, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Fumagalli, M.] Observ Carnegie Inst Washington, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Fumagalli, M.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Aliu, E (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM amy.furniss@gmail.com; Markus.Bottcher@nwu.ac.za RI Khassen, Yerbol/I-3806-2015; Nieto, Daniel/J-7250-2015; Fumagalli, Michele/K-9510-2015; OI Bird, Ralph/0000-0002-4596-8563; Khassen, Yerbol/0000-0002-7296-3100; Nieto, Daniel/0000-0003-3343-0755; Fumagalli, Michele/0000-0001-6676-3842; Cui, Wei/0000-0002-6324-5772; Lang, Mark/0000-0003-4641-4201 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; U.S. National Science Foundation; Smithsonian Institution; NSERC in Canada; Science Foundation Ireland [SFI 10/RFP/AST2748]; STFC in the U.K FX This research is supported by grants from the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, the U.S. National Science Foundation, and the Smithsonian Institution, by NSERC in Canada, by Science Foundation Ireland (SFI 10/RFP/AST2748), and by STFC in the U.K. We acknowledge the excellent work of the technical support staff at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory and at the collaborating institutions in the construction and operation of the instrument. The VERITAS Collaboration is grateful to Trevor Weekes for his seminal contributions and leadership in the field of VHE gamma-ray astrophysics, which made this study possible. NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 2 AR 89 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/2/89 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW5BS UT WOS:000346291600017 ER PT J AU Davidson, JA Li, ZY Hull, CLH Plambeck, RL Kwon, W Crutcher, RM Looney, LW Novak, G Chapman, NL Matthews, BC Stephens, IW Tobin, JJ Jones, TJ AF Davidson, J. A. Li, Z. -Y. Hull, C. L. H. Plambeck, R. L. Kwon, W. Crutcher, R. M. Looney, L. W. Novak, G. Chapman, N. L. Matthews, B. C. Stephens, I. W. Tobin, J. J. Jones, T. J. TI TESTING MAGNETIC FIELD MODELS FOR THE CLASS 0 PROTOSTAR L1527 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: jets and outflows; ISM: magnetic fields; methods: numerical; stars: formation; techniques: polarimetric ID SINGULAR ISOTHERMAL TOROIDS; 350 MU-M; INFRARED POLARIMETRY; DENSE CORES; DARK CLOUDS; DISK FORMATION; STAR-FORMATION; SUBMILLIMETER POLARIZATION; BRAKING CATASTROPHE; ENVELOPE STRUCTURE AB For the Class 0 protostar L1527 we compare 131 polarization vectors from SCUPOL/JCMT, SHARP/CSO, and TADPOL/CARMA observations with the corresponding model polarization vectors of four ideal-MHD, nonturbulent, cloud core collapse models. These four models differ by their initial magnetic fields before collapse; two initially have aligned fields (strong and weak) and two initially have orthogonal fields (strong and weak) with respect to the rotation axis of the L1527 core. Only the initial weak orthogonal field model produces the observed circumstellar disk within L1527. This is a characteristic of nearly all ideal-MHD, nonturbulent, core collapse models. In this paper we test whether this weak orthogonal model also has the best agreement between its magnetic field structure and that inferred from the polarimetry observations of L1527. We found that this is not the case; based on the polarimetry observations, the most favored model of the four is the weak aligned model. However, this model does not produce a circumstellar disk, so our result implies that a nonturbulent, ideal-MHD global collapse model probably does not represent the core collapse that has occurred in L1527. Our study also illustrates the importance of using polarization vectors covering a large area of a cloud core to determine the initial magnetic field orientation before collapse; the inner core magnetic field structure can be highly altered by a collapse, and so measurements from this region alone can give unreliable estimates of the initial field configuration before collapse. C1 [Davidson, J. A.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Phys, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Li, Z. -Y.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Hull, C. L. H.; Plambeck, R. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hull, C. L. H.; Plambeck, R. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Radio Astron Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hull, C. L. H.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kwon, W.] SRON, Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-9747 AD Groningen, Netherlands. [Crutcher, R. M.; Looney, L. W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Novak, G.; Chapman, N. L.] Northwestern Univ, CIERA, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Novak, G.; Chapman, N. L.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Matthews, B. C.] Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Astron & Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Matthews, B. C.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1, Canada. [Stephens, I. W.] Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Tobin, J. J.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Jones, T. J.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Davidson, JA (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Phys, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. EM jackie.davidson@uwa.edu.au OI Plambeck, Richard/0000-0001-6765-9609; Hull, Charles/0000-0002-8975-7573 FU UWA [10300026]; NASA [NNX10AH30G, NNX14AB38G, NAS 5-26555]; NSF [AST1313083, AST1140031, AST-1139950]; Ford Foundation Dissertation Fellowship; National Science Foundation [AST-0909030]; NASA - Space Telescope Science Institute [HST-HF-51300.01-A]; CARMA FX J.A.D. is grateful to UWA for supporting her research through UWA Grant 10300026. Z-Y.L. is supported in part by NASA NNX10AH30G and NNX14AB38G and NSF AST1313083. C.L.H.H. and R.L.P. were supported in part by NSF grant AST1140031. C.L.H.H. acknowledges support from an NSF Graduate Fellowship and from a Ford Foundation Dissertation Fellowship. L.W.L. acknowledges NSF AST-1139950. G.N. and N.L.C. would like to thank the National Science Foundation for their support of research with the SHARP polarimeter, via grant AST-0909030 to Northwestern University. J.J.T. acknowledges support provided by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant #HST-HF-51300.01-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA under contract NAS 5-26555. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. Support for CARMA construction was derived from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; the Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation; the James S. McDonnell Foundation; the Associates of the California Institute of Technology; the University of Chicago; the states of Illinois, California, and Maryland; and the National Science Foundation. Ongoing CARMA development and operations are supported by the National Science Foundation under a cooperative agreement and by the CARMA partner universities. NR 64 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 2 AR 74 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/2/74 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW5BS UT WOS:000346291600002 ER PT J AU Fransson, C Ergon, M Challis, PJ Chevalier, RA France, K Kirshner, RP Marion, GH Milisavljevic, D Smith, N Bufano, F Friedman, AS Kangas, T Larsson, J Mattila, S Benetti, S Chornock, R Czekala, I Soderberg, A Sollerman, J AF Fransson, Claes Ergon, Mattias Challis, Peter J. Chevalier, Roger A. France, Kevin Kirshner, Robert P. Marion, G. H. Milisavljevic, Dan Smith, Nathan Bufano, Filomena Friedman, Andrew S. Kangas, Tuomas Larsson, Josefin Mattila, Seppo Benetti, Stefano Chornock, Ryan Czekala, Ian Soderberg, Alicia Sollerman, Jesper TI HIGH-DENSITY CIRCUMSTELLAR INTERACTION IN THE LUMINOUS TYPE IIn SN 2010jl: THE FIRST 1100 DAYS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; stars: mass-loss; supernovae: general; supernovae: individual (SN 2010jl) ID CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; X-RAY OBSERVATIONS; M-CIRCLE-DOT; ETA-CARINAE; MASS-LOSS; LIGHT CURVES; EMISSION-LINES; BLUE VARIABLES; DUST FORMATION AB Hubble Space Telescope and ground-based observations of the Type IIn supernova (SN) 2010jl are analyzed, including photometry and spectroscopy in the ultraviolet, optical, and near-IR bands, 26-1128 days after first detection. At maximum, the bolometric luminosity was similar to 3 x 10(43) erg s(-1) and even at 850 days exceeds 10(42) erg s(-1). A near-IR excess, dominating after 400 days, probably originates in dust in the circumstellar medium (CSM). The total radiated energy is greater than or similar to 6.5x10(50) erg, excluding the dust component. The spectral lines can be separated into one broad component that is due to electron scattering and one narrow with expansion velocity similar to 100 km s(-1) from the CSM. The broad component is initially symmetric around zero velocity but becomes blueshifted after similar to 50 days, while remaining symmetric about a shifted centroid velocity. Dust absorption in the ejecta is unlikely to explain the line shifts, and we attribute the shift instead to acceleration by the SN radiation. From the optical lines and the X-ray and dust properties, there is strong evidence for large-scale asymmetries in the CSM. The ultraviolet lines indicate CNO processing in the progenitor, while the optical shows a number of narrow coronal lines excited by the X-rays. The bolometric light curve is consistent with a radiative shock in an r(-2) CSM with a mass-loss rate of M similar to 0.1 M(circle dot)yr(-1). The total mass lost is greater than or similar to 3 M-circle dot. These properties are consistent with the SN expanding into a CSM characteristic of a luminous blue variable progenitor with a bipolar geometry. The apparent absence of nuclear processing is attributed to a CSM that is still opaque to electron scattering. C1 [Fransson, Claes; Ergon, Mattias; Sollerman, Jesper] Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Challis, Peter J.; Kirshner, Robert P.; Marion, G. H.; Milisavljevic, Dan; Friedman, Andrew S.; Chornock, Ryan; Czekala, Ian; Soderberg, Alicia] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chevalier, Roger A.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [France, Kevin] Univ Colorado, CASA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Smith, Nathan] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Bufano, Filomena] Univ Andres Bello, Dept Ciencias Fis, Santiago, Chile. [Kangas, Tuomas] Univ Turku, Tuorla Observ, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland. [Kangas, Tuomas] NOT, E-38700 Santa Cruz De La Palma, Spain. [Larsson, Josefin] KTH, Dept Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Larsson, Josefin] Oskar Klein Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Mattila, Seppo] Finnish Ctr Astron ESO FINCA, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland. [Benetti, Stefano] Osserv Astron Padova, INAF, I-35122 Padua, Italy. RP Fransson, C (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Astron, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RI Friedman, Andrew/I-4691-2013; OI Friedman, Andrew/0000-0003-1334-039X; Benetti, Stefano/0000-0002-3256-0016; Sollerman, Jesper/0000-0003-1546-6615; Fransson, Claes/0000-0001-8532-3594; /0000-0003-0065-2933; Czekala, Ian/0000-0002-1483-8811 FU Swedish Research Council; National Space Board; NSF grant [AST-1211196]; FONDECYT [3120227]; Millennium Center for Supernova Science (Programa Bicentenario de Ciencia y Tecnologa de CONICYT) [P10-064-F]; Millennium Center for Supernova Science (Programa Iniciativa Cientfica Milenio de MIDEPLAN); NASA grant [NNX12AF90G]; ESO Large; NASA - Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-12242]; NASA [NAS5-26555]; European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere, Chile [088.D-0195]; [PHY-1125915] FX We are grateful to Eran Ofek and Avishay Gal-Yam for useful comments on the draft. This research was supported by the Swedish Research Council and the National Space Board. The Oskar Klein Centre is funded by the Swedish Research Council. The CfA Supernova Program is supported by NSF grant AST-1211196 to the Harvard College Observatory and has also been supported by PHY-1125915 to the Kavli Institute of Theoretical Physics. F.B. acknowledges support from FONDECYT through Postdoctoral grant 3120227 and from the Millennium Center for Supernova Science through grant P10-064-F (funded by Programa Bicentenario de Ciencia y Tecnologa de CONICYT and Programa Iniciativa Cientfica Milenio de MIDEPLAN). The research of RAC is supported by NASA grant NNX12AF90G. S.B. is partially supported by the PRIN-INAF 2011 with the project Transient Universe: from ESO Large to PESSTO. Support for Program GO-12242 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Based on observations made with the Nordic Optical Telescope, operated by the Nordic Optical Telescope Scientific Association at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain, of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias under Period P42, P43, P46, and P47 (P.I. Sollerman). The data presented here were obtained in part with ALFOSC, which is provided by the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (IAA) under a joint agreement with the University of Copenhagen and NOTSA, based on observations collected at the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere, Chile (Program 088.D-0195, P.I. Sollerman). NR 151 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 2 AR 118 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/2/118 PG 40 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW5BS UT WOS:000346291600046 ER PT J AU Hwang, HS Geller, MJ Diaferio, A Rines, KJ Zahid, HJ AF Hwang, Ho Seong Geller, Margaret J. Diaferio, Antonaldo Rines, Kenneth J. Zahid, H. Jabran TI COMPARING DENSE GALAXY CLUSTER REDSHIFT SURVEYS WITH WEAK-LENSING MAPS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; dark matter; galaxies: clusters: individual (A267, A383, A611, A689, A697, A750, A963, RX J1720.1+2638, RX J2129.6+0005); galaxies: kinematics and dynamics ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; MASS PROFILES; DATA RELEASE; DARK-MATTER; PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS; HALO CONCENTRATIONS; OUTER REGIONS; EVOLUTION; HECTOSPEC; SHELS AB We use dense redshift surveys of nine galaxy clusters at z similar to 0.2 to compare the galaxy distribution in each system with the projected matter distribution from weak lensing. By combining 2087 new MMT/Hectospec redshifts and the data in the literature, we construct spectroscopic samples within the region of weak-lensing maps of high (70%-89%) and uniform completeness. With these dense redshift surveys, we construct galaxy number density maps using several galaxy subsamples. The shape of the main cluster concentration in the weak-lensing maps is similar to the global morphology of the number density maps based on cluster members alone, mainly dominated by red members. We cross-correlate the galaxy number density maps with the weak-lensing maps. The cross-correlation signal when we include foreground and background galaxies at 0.5z(cl) < z < 2z(cl) is 10%-23% larger than for cluster members alone at the cluster virial radius. The excess can be as high as 30% depending on the cluster. Cross-correlating the galaxy number density and weak-lensing maps suggests that superimposed structures close to the cluster in redshift space contribute more significantly to the excess cross-correlation signal than unrelated large-scale structure along the line of sight. Interestingly, the weak-lensing mass profiles are not well constrained for the clusters with the largest cross-correlation signal excesses (>20% for A383, A689, and A750). The fractional excess in the cross-correlation signal including foreground and background structures could be a useful proxy for assessing the reliability of weak-lensing cluster mass estimates. C1 [Hwang, Ho Seong; Geller, Margaret J.; Zahid, H. Jabran] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hwang, Ho Seong] Korea Inst Adv Study, Sch Phys, Seoul 130722, South Korea. [Diaferio, Antonaldo] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Diaferio, Antonaldo] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Rines, Kenneth J.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. RP Hwang, HS (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM hhwang@cfa.harvard.edu; mgeller@cfa.harvard.edu; diaferio@ph.unito.it; kenneth.rines@wwu.edu; harus.zahid@cfa.harvard.edu OI Geller, Margaret/0000-0002-9146-4876 FU Smithsonian Institution; INFN grant Indark; Progetti di Ateneo/CSP TO_Call2_2012_0011 "Marco Polo" of the University of Torino; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science FX We thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments. We thank Perry Berlind and Michael Calkins for operating the Hectospec and Susan Tokarz and Sean Moran for reducing the Hectospec data. We also thank Dan Coe, IanDell' Antonio, Nobuhiro Okabe, Graham Smith, Keiichi Umetsu, and Adi Zitrin for helpful comments in early stages of this work. The Smithsonian Institution supports the research of M.J.G. and H. S. H. A. D. acknowledges partial support from the INFN grant Indark and from the grant Progetti di Ateneo/CSP TO_Call2_2012_0011 "Marco Polo" of the University of Torino. Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III website is http://www.sdss3.org/. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 63 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 2 AR 106 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/2/106 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW5BS UT WOS:000346291600034 ER PT J AU Koch, PM Tang, YW Ho, PTP Zhang, Q Girart, JM Chen, HRV Frau, P Li, HB Li, ZY Liu, HYB Padovani, M Qiu, K Yen, HW Chen, HH Ching, TC Lai, SP Rao, R AF Koch, Patrick M. Tang, Ya-Wen Ho, Paul T. P. Zhang, Qizhou Girart, Josep M. Chen, Huei-Ru Vivien Frau, Pau Li, Hua-Bai Li, Zhi-Yun Liu, Hau-Yu Baobab Padovani, Marco Qiu, Keping Yen, Hsi-Wei Chen, How-Huan Ching, Tao-Chung Lai, Shih-Ping Rao, Ramprasad TI THE IMPORTANCE OF THE MAGNETIC FIELD FROM AN SMA-CSO-COMBINED SAMPLE OF STAR-FORMING REGIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: clouds; ISM: magnetic fields; polarization ID H-II-REGIONS; DUST POLARIZATION; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; PROPER MOTIONS; DISK FORMATION; ORION NEBULA; CORES; DISTANCE; EMISSION; POLARIMETRY AB Submillimeter dust polarization measurements of a sample of 50 star-forming regions, observed with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) and the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (CSO) covering parsec-scale clouds to milliparsec-scale cores, are analyzed in order to quantify the magnetic field importance. The magnetic field misalignment d-the local angle between magnetic field and dust emission gradient-is found to be a prime observable, revealing distinct distributions for sources where the magnetic field is preferentially aligned with or perpendicular to the source minor axis. Source-averaged misalignment angles <|delta|> fall into systematically different ranges, reflecting the different source-magnetic field configurations. Possible bimodal <|delta|> distributions are found for the separate SMA and CSO samples. Combining both samples broadens the distribution with a wide maximum peak at small <|delta|> values. Assuming the 50 sources to be representative, the prevailing source-magnetic field configuration is one that statistically prefers small magnetic field misalignments |delta|. When interpreting |delta| together with a magnetohydrodynamics force equation, as developed in the framework of the polarization-intensity gradient method, a sample-based log-linear scaling fits the magnetic field tension-to-gravity force ratio versus <|delta|> with = 0.116.exp(0.047 . <|delta|>) +/- 0.20 (mean error), providing a way to estimate the relative importance of the magnetic field, only based on measurable field misalignments |delta|. The force ratio Sigma(B)d iscriminates systems that are collapsible on average ( < 1) from other molecular clouds where the magnetic field still provides enough resistance against gravitational collapse ( > 1). The sample-wide trend shows a transition around <|delta|> approximate to 45.. Defining an effective gravitational force similar to 1- , the average magnetic-field-reduced star formation efficiency is at least a factor of two smaller than the free-fall efficiency. For about one fourth of the sources the average efficiency drops to zero. The force ratio S B can further be linked to the normalized mass-to-flux ratio, yielding an estimate for the latter one without the need of field strength measurements. Across the sample, a transition from magnetically supercritical to subcritcal is observed with growing misalignment <|delta|>. C1 [Koch, Patrick M.; Tang, Ya-Wen; Ho, Paul T. P.; Chen, Huei-Ru Vivien; Liu, Hau-Yu Baobab; Yen, Hsi-Wei; Lai, Shih-Ping] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan. [Ho, Paul T. P.; Zhang, Qizhou; Chen, How-Huan; Ching, Tao-Chung] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Girart, Josep M.] UAB, Inst Ciencies Espai, Fac Ciencies, CSIC IEEC, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Chen, Huei-Ru Vivien; Ching, Tao-Chung; Lai, Shih-Ping] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Inst Astron, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. [Chen, Huei-Ru Vivien; Ching, Tao-Chung; Lai, Shih-Ping] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. [Frau, Pau] Observ Astron Nacl, E-28014 Madrid, Spain. [Li, Hua-Bai] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Li, Zhi-Yun] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Padovani, Marco] Univ Montpellier 2, Lab Univ & Particules Montpellier, CNRS, UMR 5299, F-34095 Montpellier, France. [Padovani, Marco] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Qiu, Keping] Nanjing Univ, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Nanjiing 210093, Peoples R China. [Rao, Ramprasad] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Koch, PM (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan. EM pmkoch@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw OI Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589; Girart, Josep Miquel/0000-0002-3829-5591; Liu, Hauyu Baobab/0000-0003-2300-2626 FU Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) of Taiwan [102- 2119-M-007-004MY3]; OCEVU Labex [ANR-11-LABX-0060]; A*MIDEX project - "Investissements d Avenir" French government program [ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02]; [MoST 1032119-M-001-009] FX The authors thank the referee for valuable comments and suggestions that further improved this manuscript.S.P.L.and T.C.C.are supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) of Taiwan with Grant MoST102- 2119-M-007-004MY3. P.M.K.acknowledges support through grant MoST 1032119-M-001-009. M.P.acknowledges the financial support of the OCEVU Labex (ANR-11-LABX-0060) and the A*MIDEX project (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02) funded by the "Investissements d Avenir" French government program managed by the ANR. NR 84 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 2 AR 99 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/2/99 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW5BS UT WOS:000346291600027 ER PT J AU Mandel, KS Foley, RJ Kirshner, RP AF Mandel, Kaisey S. Foley, Ryan J. Kirshner, Robert P. TI TYPE Ia SUPERNOVA COLORS AND EJECTA VELOCITIES: HIERARCHICAL BAYESIAN REGRESSION WITH NON-GAUSSIAN DISTRIBUTIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE methods: statistical; supernovae: general ID NEAR-INFRARED OBSERVATIONS; BVRI LIGHT CURVES; 2-PARAMETER LUMINOSITY CORRECTION; EXTRAGALACTIC EXTINCTION LAW; PHOTOMETRY DATA RELEASE; LEGACY SURVEY; DARK ENERGY; COSMOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS; SYSTEMATIC UNCERTAINTIES; INFORMATION CRITERIA AB We investigate the statistical dependence of the peak intrinsic colors of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) on their expansion velocities at maximum light, measured from the Si II lambda 6355 spectral feature. We construct a new hierarchical Bayesian regression model, accounting for the random effects of intrinsic scatter, measurement error, and reddening by host galaxy dust, and implement a Gibbs sampler and deviance information criteria to estimate the correlation. The method is applied to the apparent colors from BVRI light curves and Si II velocity data for 79 nearby SNe Ia. The apparent color distributions of high-velocity (HV) and normal velocity (NV) supernovae exhibit significant discrepancies for B - V and B - R, but not other colors. Hence, they are likely due to intrinsic color differences originating in the B band, rather than dust reddening. The mean intrinsic B - V and B - R color differences between HV and NV groups are 0.06 +/- 0.02 and 0.09 +/- 0.02 mag, respectively. A linear model finds significant slopes of -0.021 +/- 0.006 and -0.030 +/- 0.009 mag (10(3) km s(-1))(-1) for intrinsic B - V and B - R colors versus velocity, respectively. Because the ejecta velocity distribution is skewed toward high velocities, these effects imply non-Gaussian intrinsic color distributions with skewness up to +0.3. Accounting for the intrinsiccolor- velocity correlation results in corrections to AV extinction estimates as large as -0.12 mag for HV SNe Ia and +0.06 mag for NV events. Velocity measurements from SN Ia spectra have the potential to diminish systematic errors from the confounding of intrinsic colors and dust reddening affecting supernova distances. C1 [Mandel, Kaisey S.; Kirshner, Robert P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Foley, Ryan J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Foley, Ryan J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Mandel, KS (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM kmandel@cfa.harvard.edu FU NSF [AST-1211196] FX K. M. thanks R. Kessler, B. Schmidt, R. Trotta, and W. M. Wood- Vasey for useful discussions, and K. Krisciunas for a careful reading of the manuscript. We thank the anonymous referee for useful suggestions that led to an improved manuscript. Supernova research at Harvard University is supported in part by NSF grant AST-1211196. NR 102 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 2 AR 75 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/2/75 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW5BS UT WOS:000346291600003 ER PT J AU Margutti, R Milisavljevic, D Soderberg, AM Guidorzi, C Morsony, BJ Sanders, N Chakraborti, S Ray, A Kamble, A Drout, M Parrent, J Zauderer, A Chomiuk, L AF Margutti, R. Milisavljevic, D. Soderberg, A. M. Guidorzi, C. Morsony, B. J. Sanders, N. Chakraborti, S. Ray, A. Kamble, A. Drout, M. Parrent, J. Zauderer, A. Chomiuk, L. TI RELATIVISTIC SUPERNOVAE HAVE SHORTER-LIVED CENTRAL ENGINES OR MORE EXTENDED PROGENITORS: THE CASE OF SN 2012ap SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma-ray burst: general; supernovae: individual (SN 2012ap) ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; X-RAY; IC SUPERNOVA; HOST GALAXY; SHOCK BREAKOUT; IBC SUPERNOVA; CIRCUMSTELLAR ENVIRONMENT; STELLAR-EXPLOSIONS; TRANSIENT 080109 AB Deep, late-time X-ray observations of the relativistic, engine-driven, type Ic SN 2012ap allow us to probe the nearby environment of the explosion and reveal the unique properties of relativistic supernova explosions (SNe). We find that on a local scale of similar to 0.01 pc the environment was shaped directly by the evolution of the progenitor star with a pre-explosion mass-loss rate of M < 5 x 10(-6) M-circle dot yr(-1), in line with gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and the other relativistic SN 2009bb. Like sub-energetic GRBs, SN 2012ap is characterized by a bright radio emission and evidence for mildly relativistic ejecta. However, its late-time (delta t approximate to 20 days) X-ray emission is similar to 100 times fainter than the faintest sub-energetic GRB at the same epoch, with no evidence for late-time central engine activity. These results support theoretical proposals that link relativistic SNe like 2009bb and 2012ap with the weakest observed engine-driven explosions, where the jet barely fails to break out. Furthermore, our observations demonstrate that the difference between relativistic SNe and sub-energetic GRBs is intrinsic and not due to line-of-sight effects. This phenomenology can either be due to an intrinsically shorter-lived engine or to a more extended progenitor in relativistic SNe. C1 [Margutti, R.; Milisavljevic, D.; Soderberg, A. M.; Sanders, N.; Chakraborti, S.; Kamble, A.; Drout, M.; Parrent, J.; Zauderer, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Guidorzi, C.] Univ Ferrara, Dept Phys & Earth Sci, I-44122 Ferrara, Italy. [Morsony, B. J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ray, A.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Mumbai 400005, Maharashtra, India. [Chomiuk, L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Margutti, R (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Margutti, Raffaella/0000-0003-4768-7586 FU NSF grant [1066293]; David and Lucile Packard Foundation Fellowship for Science and Engineering FX We thank the referee for useful comments and suggestions that improved the quality of our paper. R. M. is grateful to the Aspen Center for Physics and NSF grant 1066293 for hospitality during the completion of this work. Support for this work was provided by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation Fellowship for Science and Engineering awarded to A.M.S. NR 102 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 2 AR 107 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/2/107 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW5BS UT WOS:000346291600035 ER PT J AU Mineo, S Rappaport, S Levine, A Pooley, D Steinhorn, B Homan, J AF Mineo, S. Rappaport, S. Levine, A. Pooley, D. Steinhorn, B. Homan, J. TI A COMPREHENSIVE X-RAY AND MULTIWAVELENGTH STUDY OF THE COLLIDING GALAXY PAIR NGC 2207/IC 2163 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dust, extinction; galaxies: individual (NGC 2207/IC2163); galaxies: interactions; galaxies: starburst; stars: formation; stars: luminosity function, mass function; stars: neutron; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: ISM ID SPACE-TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS; STAR-FORMATION RATES; CARTWHEEL RING GALAXY; METAL-POOR GALAXIES; INTERACTING GALAXIES; OPTICAL COUNTERPART; NEARBY GALAXIES; CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM AB We present a comprehensive study of the total X-ray emission from the colliding galaxy pair NGC 2207/IC 2163, based on Chandra, Spitzer, and GALEX data. We detect 28 ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs), 7 of which were not detected previously because of X-ray variability. Twelve sources show significant long-term variability, with no correlated spectral changes. Seven sources are transient candidates. One ULX coincides with an extremely blue star cluster (B - V = -0.7). We confirm that the global relation between the number and luminosity of ULXs and the integrated star-formation rate (SFR) of the host galaxy also holds on local scales. We investigate the effects of dust extinction and age on the X-ray binary (XRB) population on subgalactic scales. The distributions of N-X and L-X are peaked at L-IR/L-NUV similar to 1, which may be associated with an age of similar to 10 Myr for the underlying stellar population. We find that approximately one-third of the XRBs are located in close proximity to young star complexes. The luminosity function of the XRBs is consistent with that typical for high-mass XRBs and appears unaffected by variability. We disentangle and compare the X-ray diffuse spectrum with that of the bright XRBs. The hot interstellar medium dominates the diffuse X-ray emission at E less than or similar to 1 keV and has a temperature kT = 0.28(-0.04)(+0.05) keV and intrinsic 0.5-2 keV luminosity of 7.9 x 10(40) erg s(-1), a factor of similar to 2.3 higher than the average thermal luminosity produced per unit SFR in local star-forming galaxies. The total X-ray output of NGC 2207/IC 2163 is 1.5x10(41) erg s(-1), and the corresponding total integrated SFR is 23.7 M-circle dot yr(-1). C1 [Mineo, S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mineo, S.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Rappaport, S.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Rappaport, S.] Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Rappaport, S.; Pooley, D.] Eureka Sci Inc, Oakland, CA 94602 USA. [Levine, A.; Homan, J.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Pooley, D.] Sam Houston State Univ, Dept Phys, Huntsville, TX 77341 USA. [Steinhorn, B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Harvard Mit Div Hlth Sci & Technol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Mineo, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM smineo@cfa.harvard.edu; sar@mit.edu; aml@space.mit.edu; dave@shsu.edu; bsteinho@mit.edu; jeroen@space.mit.edu FU NASA [NNH13CH56C, GO3-14092A]; National Science Foundation; NASA FX We thank the anonymous referee for helpful suggestions that greatly improved this paper. We acknowledge support from the NASA Astrophysics Data Analysis Program (ADAP) grant NNH13CH56C and by NASA Chandra grant GO3-14092A. We acknowledge Steven Willner, Luca Cortese, Bret Lehmer, and Antara Basu-Zych for insightful discussions on dust extinction, star formation, and their relation with the starburst age. We are grateful to Michele Kaufman and Debra Elmegreen, who kindly supplied us with the coordinates of the 17 superstar clusters that they had identified in the HST image, for further discussions. We made use of Chandra archival data and software provided by the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC) in the application package CIAO. We also utilized the software tool SAOImage DS9, developed by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. The FUV, 3.6 mu m, and 24 mu m images were taken from the GALEX and Spitzer archives, respectively. The Spitzer Space Telescope is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA. GALEX is a NASA Small Explorer, launched in 2003 April. We also made use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS), which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by NASA and the National Science Foundation. Helpful information was found in the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 90 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 2 AR 91 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/2/91 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW5BS UT WOS:000346291600019 ER PT J AU Pan, L Padoan, P AF Pan, Liubin Padoan, Paolo TI TURBULENCE-INDUCED RELATIVE VELOCITY OF DUST PARTICLES. IV. THE COLLISION KERNEL SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE minor planets, asteroids: general; planets and satellites: formation; protoplanetary disks; turbulence ID INERTIAL PARTICLES; PROTOPLANETARY NEBULA; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; GROWTH PEBBLES; SOLAR NEBULA; PLANETESIMALS; GRAINS; SIMULATIONS; BOULDERS; CLOUDS AB Motivated by its importance for modeling dust particle growth in protoplanetary disks, we study turbulence-induced collision statistics of inertial particles as a function of the particle friction time, tau(p). We show that turbulent clustering significantly enhances the collision rate for particles of similar sizes with tp corresponding to the inertial range of the flow. If the friction time, tau(p, h), of the larger particle is in the inertial range, the collision kernel per unit cross section increases with increasing friction time, tau(p, l,) of the smaller particle and reaches the maximum at tau(p, l) = tau(p, h,) where the clustering effect peaks. This feature is not captured by the commonly used kernel formula, which neglects the effect of clustering. We argue that turbulent clustering helps alleviate the bouncing barrier problem for planetesimal formation. We also investigate the collision velocity statistics using a collision-rate weighting factor to account for higher collision frequency for particle pairs with larger relative velocity. For tp, h in the inertial range, the rms relative velocity with collision-rate weighting is found to be invariant with tau(p, l) and scales with tau(p, h) roughly proportional to tau (1/ 2)(p,h). The weighting factor favors collisions with larger relative velocity, and including it leads to more destructive and less sticking collisions. We compare two collision kernel formulations based on spherical and cylindrical geometries. The two formulations give consistent results for the collision rate and the collision-rate weighted statistics, except that the spherical formulation predicts more head-on collisions than the cylindrical formulation. C1 [Pan, Liubin] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Padoan, Paolo] Univ Barcelona, ICREA, IEEC UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Padoan, Paolo] Univ Barcelona, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. RP Pan, L (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM lpan@cfa.harvard.edu; ppadoan@icc.ub.edu OI Padoan, Paolo/0000-0002-5055-5800 NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 2 AR 101 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/2/101 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW5BS UT WOS:000346291600029 ER PT J AU Rettura, A Martinez-Manso, J Stern, D Mei, S Ashby, MLN Brodwin, M Gettings, D Gonzalez, AH Stanford, SA Bartlett, JG AF Rettura, A. Martinez-Manso, J. Stern, D. Mei, S. Ashby, M. L. N. Brodwin, M. Gettings, D. Gonzalez, A. H. Stanford, S. A. Bartlett, J. G. TI CANDIDATE CLUSTERS OF GALAXIES AT z > 1.3 IDENTIFIED IN THE SPITZER SOUTH POLE TELESCOPE DEEP FIELD SURVEY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: statistics; infrared: galaxies; large-scale structure of universe ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; HALO OCCUPATION DISTRIBUTION; INFRARED ARRAY CAMERA; COLOR-MAGNITUDE RELATION; IRAC SHALLOW SURVEY; DARK-MATTER HALOES; FORMATION-DENSITY RELATION; STAR-FORMATION HISTORIES; SIMILAR-TO 1; SPECTROSCOPIC CONFIRMATION AB We present 279 galaxy cluster candidates at z > 1.3 selected from the 94 deg(2) Spitzer South Pole Telescope Deep Field (SSDF) survey. We use a simple algorithm to select candidate high-redshift clusters of galaxies based on Spitzer/IRAC mid-infrared data combined with shallow all-sky optical data. We identify distant cluster candidates adopting an overdensity threshold that results in a high purity (80%) cluster sample based on tests in the Spitzer Deep, Wide-Field Survey of the Bootes field. Our simple algorithm detects all three 1.4 < z <= 1.75 X-ray detected clusters in the Bootes field. The uniqueness of the SSDF survey resides not just in its area, one of the largest contiguous extragalactic fields observed with Spitzer, but also in its deep, multi-wavelength coverage by the South Pole Telescope (SPT), Herschel/SPIRE, and XMM-Newton. This rich data set will allow direct or stacked measurements of Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect decrements or X-ray masses for many of the SSDF clusters presented here, and enable a systematic study of the most distant clusters on an unprecedented scale. We measure the angular correlation function of our sample and find that these candidates show strong clustering. Employing the COSMOS/UltraVista photometric catalog in order to infer the redshift distribution of our cluster selection, we find that these clusters have a comoving number density n(c) = (0.7(-0.6)(+6.3)) X 10(-7) h(3) Mpc(-3) and a spatial clustering correlation scale length r(0) = (32 +/- 7) h(-1) Mpc. Assuming our sample is comprised of dark matter halos above a characteristic minimum mass, M-min, we derive that at z = 1.5 these clusters reside in halos larger than M-min = 1.5(-0.7)(+0.9) x 10(14) h(-1) M-circle dot. We find that the mean mass of our cluster sample is equal to M-mean = 1.9(-0.8)(+1.0) x 10(14) h(-1) M-circle dot; thus, our sample contains the progenitors of present-day massive galaxy clusters. C1 [Rettura, A.; Stern, D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Rettura, A.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Martinez-Manso, J.; Gettings, D.; Gonzalez, A. H.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Mei, S.] GEPI Observat Paris, Sect Meudon, Meudon, France. [Mei, S.] Univ Paris Denis Diderot, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Mei, S.] Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Ashby, M. L. N.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brodwin, M.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Stanford, S. A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Stanford, S. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Bartlett, J. G.] Univ Paris Diderot, AstroParticule & Cosmol, CNRS IN2P3, CEA lrfu,Observat Paris,Sorbonne Paris Cite,APC, F-75205 Paris 13, France. RP Rettura, A (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, MS 169-234, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. FU NASA [1439211]; U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration [DE-AC52-07NA27344] FX A.R. is grateful to the SSDF Team for providing access to advanced data products and is thankful to Audrey Galametz, Dominika Wylezalek, Loredana Vetere, and Roberto Assef for useful discussions and comments on this paper. This work is based on data obtained with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Lab (JPL), California Institute of Technology (Caltech), under a contract with NASA. Support was provided by NASA through contract number 1439211 issued by JPL/Caltech. Lawrence LivermoreNational Laboratory is operated by Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, for the U.S. Department of Energy, National Nuclear Security Administration under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344. NR 113 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 2 AR 109 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/2/109 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW5BS UT WOS:000346291600037 ER PT J AU Vutisalchavakul, N Evans, NJ Battersby, C AF Vutisalchavakul, Nalin Evans, Neal J., II Battersby, Cara TI THE STAR-FORMATION RELATION FOR REGIONS IN THE GALACTIC PLANE: THE EFFECT OF SPATIAL RESOLUTION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: clouds; local interstellar matter; stars: formation ID FORMATION RATE INDICATORS; SMALL-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; DUST CONTINUUM SOURCES; FAR-INFRARED EMISSION; DENSE MOLECULAR GAS; MILKY-WAY; FORMATION LAW; FORMING REGIONS; NEARBY GALAXIES; NGC 5194 AB We examined the relations between molecular gas surface density and star-formation rate surface density in an 11 deg(2) region of the Galactic plane. Dust continua at 1.1 mm from the Bolocam Galactic Plane Survey and 22 mu m emission from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) all-sky survey were used as tracers of molecular gas and the star-formation rate, respectively, across the Galactic longitude of 31.5 >= l >= 20.5 and Galactic latitude of 0.5 >= b >= -0.5. The relation was studied over a range of resolutions from 33" to 20' by convolving images to larger scales. The pixel-by-pixel correlation between 1.1 mm and 22 mu m increases rapidly at small scales and levels off at the scale of 5'-8'. We studied the star-formation relation based on a pixel-by-pixel analysis and on an analysis of the 1.1 mm and 22 mu m peaks. The star-formation relation was found to be nearly linear with no significant changes in the form of the relation across all spatial scales, and it lies above the extragalactic relation from Kennicutt. The average gas-depletion time is approximate to 200 Myr and does not change significantly at different scales, but the scatter in the depletion time decreases as the scale increases. C1 [Vutisalchavakul, Nalin; Evans, Neal J., II] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Battersby, Cara] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Vutisalchavakul, N (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, 2515 Speedway,Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Earth Science Technology Office, Computation Technologies Project [NCC5-626]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; NSF [AST-1109116] FX We thank Erik Rosolowsky and the rest of the BGPS team for useful discussions and assistance. We thank the referee, Andreas Schruba, for constructive comments that helped improve the paper. This research made use of Montage, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Earth Science Technology Office, Computation Technologies Project, under Cooperative Agreement Number NCC5-626 between NASA and the California Institute of Technology. Montage is maintained by the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This work was supported by NSF Grant AST-1109116 to the University of Texas at Austin. NR 61 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 2 AR 77 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/2/77 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW5BS UT WOS:000346291600005 ER PT J AU Wik, DR Lehmer, BD Hornschemeier, AE Yukita, M Ptak, A Zezas, A Antoniou, V Argo, MK Bechtol, K Boggs, S Christensen, F Craig, W Hailey, C Harrison, F Krivonos, R Maccarone, TJ Stern, D Venters, T Zhang, WW AF Wik, D. R. Lehmer, B. D. Hornschemeier, A. E. Yukita, M. Ptak, A. Zezas, A. Antoniou, V. Argo, M. K. Bechtol, K. Boggs, S. Christensen, F. Craig, W. Hailey, C. Harrison, F. Krivonos, R. Maccarone, T. J. Stern, D. Venters, T. Zhang, W. W. TI SPATIALLY RESOLVING A STARBURST GALAXY AT HARD X-RAY ENERGIES: NuSTAR, CHANDRA, AND VLBA OBSERVATIONS OF NGC 253 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: individual (NGC 253); galaxies: starburst; galaxies: star formation; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: galaxies ID LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; COMPACT RADIO-SOURCES; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; FE K LINE; BLACK-HOLE; NGC-253 STARBURST; NEARBY GALAXIES; EARLY UNIVERSE AB Prior to the launch of NuSTAR, it was not feasible to spatially resolve the hard (E > 10 keV) emission from galaxies beyond the Local Group. The combined NuSTAR data set, comprised of three similar to 165 ks observations, allows spatial characterization of the hard X-ray emission in the galaxy NGC 253 for the first time. As a follow up to our initial study of its nuclear region, we present the first results concerning the full galaxy from simultaneous NuSTAR, Chandra, and Very Long Baseline Array monitoring of the local starburst galaxy NGC 253. Above similar to 10 keV, nearly all the emission is concentrated within 100 '' of the galactic center, produced almost exclusively by three nuclear sources, an off-nuclear ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX), and a pulsar candidate that we identify for the first time in these observations. We detect 21 distinct sources in energy bands up to 25 keV, mostly consisting of intermediate state black hole X-ray binaries. The global X-ray emission of the galaxy-dominated by the off-nuclear ULX and nuclear sources, which are also likely ULXs-falls steeply (photon index greater than or similar to 3) above 10 keV, consistent with other NuSTAR-observed ULXs, and no significant excess above the background is detected at E > 40 keV. We report upper limits on diffuse inverse Compton emission for a range of spatial models. For the most extended morphologies considered, these hard X-ray constraints disfavor a dominant inverse Compton component to explain the. gamma-ray emission detected with Fermi and H.E.S.S. If NGC 253 is typical of starburst galaxies at higher redshift, their contribution to the E > 10 keV cosmic X-ray background is < 1%. C1 [Wik, D. R.; Lehmer, B. D.; Hornschemeier, A. E.; Yukita, M.; Ptak, A.; Venters, T.; Zhang, W. W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Wik, D. R.; Lehmer, B. D.; Hornschemeier, A. E.; Yukita, M.; Ptak, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Zezas, A.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion, Greece. [Zezas, A.; Antoniou, V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Argo, M. K.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Argo, M. K.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Bechtol, K.] Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Boggs, S.; Craig, W.; Krivonos, R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Christensen, F.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Craig, W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Hailey, C.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Harrison, F.] Caltech Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA USA. [Maccarone, T. J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Stern, D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Wik, DR (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 662, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RI Boggs, Steven/E-4170-2015; Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011; Antoniou, Vallia/E-3837-2013; OI Boggs, Steven/0000-0001-9567-4224; Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X; Antoniou, Vallia/0000-0001-7539-1593; Argo, Megan/0000-0003-3594-0214 FU NASA; Chandra grant for Program [13620679] FX We thank the referee for insightful suggestions that improved the paper. This research was supported by an appointment (DRW) to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Goddard Space Flight Center, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by NASA. We thank the NuSTAR Operations, Software and Calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. This research has made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS) jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA). This work was also funded by a Chandra grant for Program # 13620679 (PI: Hornschemeier). The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This work made use of the Swinburne University of Technology software correlator, developed as part of the Australian Major National Research Facilities Programme and operated under license. NR 107 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 2 AR 79 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/2/79 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW5BS UT WOS:000346291600007 ER PT J AU Dechmann, DKN Wikelski, M Varga, K Yohannes, E Fiedler, W Safi, K Burkhard, WD O'Mara, MT AF Dechmann, Dina K. N. Wikelski, Martin Varga, Katarina Yohannes, Elisabeth Fiedler, Wolfgang Safi, Kamran Burkhard, Wolf-Dieter O'Mara, M. Teague TI Tracking Post-Hibernation Behavior and Early Migration Does Not Reveal the Expected Sex-Differences in a "Female-Migrating'' Bat SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; NYCTALUS-NOCTULA; INSECTIVOROUS BAT; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; HABITAT USE; INDIVIDUAL SPECIALIZATION; TADARIDA-BRASILIENSIS; FLIGHT PERFORMANCE; LASIURUS-CINEREUS; MYOTIS-LUCIFUGUS AB Long-distance migration is a rare phenomenon in European bats. Genetic analyses and banding studies show that females can cover distances of up to 1,600 km, whereas males are sedentary or migrate only short distances. The onset of this sex-biased migration is supposed to occur shortly after rousing from hibernation and when the females are already pregnant. We therefore predicted that the sexes are exposed to different energetic pressures in early spring, and this should be reflected in their behavior and physiology. We investigated this in one of the three Central European long-distance migrants, the common noctule (Nyctalus noctula) in Southern Germany recording the first individual partial migration tracks of this species. In contrast to our predictions, we found no difference between male and female home range size, activity, habitat use or diet. Males and females emerged from hibernation in similar body condition and mass increase rate was the same in males and females. We followed the first migration steps, up to 475 km, of radio-tagged individuals from an airplane. All females, as well as some of the males, migrated away from the wintering area in the same northeasterly direction. Sex differences in long-distance migratory behavior were confirmed through stable isotope analysis of hair, which showed greater variation in females than in males. We hypothesize that both sexes faced similarly good conditions after hibernation and fattened at maximum rates, thus showing no differences in their local behavior. Interesting results that warrant further investigation are the better initial condition of the females and the highly consistent direction of the first migratory step in this C1 [Dechmann, Dina K. N.; Wikelski, Martin; Fiedler, Wolfgang; Safi, Kamran; O'Mara, M. Teague] Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Dept Migrat & Immunoecol, D-78315 Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany. [Dechmann, Dina K. N.; Wikelski, Martin; Varga, Katarina; Yohannes, Elisabeth; Fiedler, Wolfgang; Safi, Kamran; O'Mara, M. Teague] Univ Konstanz, Dept Biol, D-78457 Constance, Germany. [Dechmann, Dina K. N.; Wikelski, Martin; O'Mara, M. Teague] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Dechmann, DKN (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Dept Migrat & Immunoecol, Am Obstberg 1, D-78315 Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany. EM ddechmann@om.mpg.de RI Safi, Kamran/B-2079-2008; OI Safi, Kamran/0000-0002-8418-6759; Fiedler, Wolfgang/0000-0003-1082-4161 NR 70 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 43 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 17 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 12 AR e114810 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0114810 PG 20 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AX9IA UT WOS:000347215600029 PM 25517947 ER PT J AU Lee, TE Reiter, F Moiseyev, N AF Lee, Tony E. Reiter, Florentin Moiseyev, Nimrod TI Entanglement and Spin Squeezing in Non-Hermitian Phase Transitions SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM OPTICS; SYSTEMS; SYMMETRY; STATES AB We show that non-Hermitian dynamics generate substantial entanglement in many-body systems. We consider the non-Hermitian Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model and show that its phase transition occurs with maximum multiparticle entanglement: There is full N-particle entanglement at the transition, in contrast to the Hermitian case. The non-Hermitian model also exhibits more spin squeezing than the Hermitian model, showing that non-Hermitian dynamics are useful for quantum metrology. Experimental implementations with trapped ions and cavity QED are discussed. C1 [Lee, Tony E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lee, Tony E.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Reiter, Florentin] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Moiseyev, Nimrod] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Schulich Fac Chem, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. [Moiseyev, Nimrod] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Fac Phys, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel. RP Lee, TE (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Reiter, Florentin/E-3820-2015 OI Reiter, Florentin/0000-0002-5217-3064 FU NSF; ICore: the Israeli Excellence Center "Circle of Light"; Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes FX We thank Monika Schleier-Smith, Ching-Kit Chan, Raam Uzdin, and Swati Singh for useful discussions. This work was supported by the NSF through a grant to ITAMP. N. M. acknowledges ICore: the Israeli Excellence Center "Circle of Light" for partial support. F. R. acknowledges support from the Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes. NR 67 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD DEC 17 PY 2014 VL 113 IS 25 AR 250401 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.250401 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AX0XS UT WOS:000346673900001 PM 25554863 ER PT J AU Kain, B Ling, HY AF Kain, Ben Ling, Hong Y. TI Nonequilibrium states of a quenched Bose gas SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID CORRELATED FERMI GAS; ULTRACOLD GASES; EINSTEIN CONDENSATE; SUPERFLUID; SYSTEMS; ATOMS; THERMODYNAMICS; TRANSITION; DYNAMICS AB Yin and Radzihovsky [ X. Yin and L. Radzihovsky, Phys. Rev. A 88, 063611 (2013)] recently developed a self-consistent extension of a Bogoliubov theory, in which the condensate number density n(c) is treated as a mean field that changes with time, in order to analyze a JILA experiment by Makotyn et al. [ P. Makotyn et al., Nat. Phys. 10, 116 (2014)] on a Rb-85 Bose gas following a deep quench to a large scattering length. We apply this theory to construct a closed set of equations that highlight the role of (n) over dot(c), which is to induce an effective interaction between quasiparticles. We show analytically that such a system supports a steady state characterized by a constant condensate density and a steady but periodically changing momentum distribution, whose time average is described exactly by the generalized Gibbs ensemble. We discuss how the (n) over dot(c)-induced effective interaction, which cannot be ignored on the grounds of the adiabatic approximation for modes near the gapless Goldstone mode, can significantly affect condensate populations and Tan's contact for a Bose gas that has undergone a deep quench. C1 [Kain, Ben] Coll Holy Cross, Dept Phys, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. [Kain, Ben; Ling, Hong Y.] Rowan Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Glassboro, NJ 08028 USA. [Ling, Hong Y.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Ling, Hong Y.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Kain, B (reprint author), Coll Holy Cross, Dept Phys, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. FU US Army Research Office [W911NF-10-1-0096]; US National Science Foundation [PHY11-25915] FX B.K. is grateful to ITAMP and the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics for their hospitality while completing this work. H.Y.L. was supported in part by the US Army Research Office under Grant No. W911NF-10-1-0096 and in part by the US National Science Foundation under Grant No. PHY11-25915. NR 55 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD DEC 17 PY 2014 VL 90 IS 6 AR 063626 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.90.063626 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA AW9ZE UT WOS:000346612800006 ER PT J AU Freeman, CJ Easson, CG Baker, DM AF Freeman, Christopher J. Easson, Cole G. Baker, David M. TI Metabolic diversity and niche structure in sponges from the Miskito Cays, Honduras SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Porifera; Stable isotopes; Isotopic niche space; Symbiosis; Microbial symbionts; Miskito Cays ID STABLE-ISOTOPE RATIOS; MARINE SPONGES; CORAL-REEFS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; EVOLUTION; ECOLOGY; MICROORGANISMS; SYMBIONTS; ZOOXANTHELLAE; PRODUCTIVITY AB Hosting symbionts provides many eukaryotes with access to the products of microbial metabolism that are crucial for host performance. On tropical coral reefs, many (High Microbial Abundance [HMA]) but not all (Low Microbial Abundance [LMA]) marine sponges host abundant symbiont communities. Although recent research has revealed substantial variation in these sponge-microbe associations (termed holobionts), little is known about the ecological implications of this diversity. We investigated the expansion of diverse sponge species across isotopic niche space by calculating niche size (as standard ellipse area [SEA(c)]) and assessing the relative placement of common sponge species in bivariate (delta C-13 and delta N-15) plots. Sponges for this study were collected from the relatively isolated reefs within the Miskito Cays of Honduras. These reefs support diverse communities of HMA and LMA species that together span a gradient of photosymbiont abundance, as revealed by chlorophyll a analysis. HMA sponges occupied unique niche space compared to LMA species, but the placement of some HMA sponges was driven by photosymbiont abundance. In addition, photosymbiont abundance explained a significant portion of the variation in isotope values, suggesting that access to autotrophic metabolism provided by photosymbionts is an important predictor in the location of species within isotopic space. Host identity accounted for over 70% of the variation in isotope values within the Miskito Cays and there was substantial variation in the placement of individual species within isotopic niche space, suggesting that holobiont metabolic diversity may allow taxonomically diverse sponge species to utilize unique sources of nutrients within a reef system. This study provides initial evidence that microbial symbionts allow sponges to expand into novel physiochemical niche space. This expansion may reduce competitive interactions within coral reefs and promote diversification of these communities. C1 [Freeman, Christopher J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Easson, Cole G.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Baker, David M.] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Baker, David M.] Univ Hong Kong, Swire Inst Marine Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Freeman, CJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. EM freemanc@si.edu FU Smithsonian Institution's Marine Global Earth Observatory (MarineGEO); Smithsonian Institution's Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network (TMON) FX Financial support for this project came from the Smithsonian Institution's Marine Global Earth Observatory (MarineGEO) and Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network (TMON) initiatives. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 50 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 25 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD DEC 16 PY 2014 VL 2 AR e695 DI 10.7717/peerj.695 PG 20 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AY5RC UT WOS:000347628400003 PM 25548731 ER PT J AU Callicrate, T Dikow, R Thomas, JW Mullikin, JC Jarvis, ED Fleischer, RC AF Callicrate, Taylor Dikow, Rebecca Thomas, James W. Mullikin, James C. Jarvis, Erich D. Fleischer, Robert C. CA NISC Comparative Sequencing TI Genomic resources for the endangered Hawaiian honeycreepers SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Genome; Hawaiian honeycreepers; SNP; RAD tags; Drepanidines; Hemignathus virens ID DNA-SEQUENCING DATA; MALARIA PLASMODIUM-RELICTUM; AVIAN MALARIA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SNP DISCOVERY; LINKAGE MAP; DE-NOVO; EVOLUTION; BIRDS; PHYLOGENY AB Background: The Hawaiian honeycreepers are an avian adaptive radiation containing many endangered and extinct species. They display a dramatic range of phenotypic variation and are a model system for studies of evolution, conservation, disease dynamics and population genetics. Development of a genome-scale resources for this group would augment the quality of research focusing on Hawaiian honeycreepers and facilitate comparative avian genomic research. Results: We assembled the genome sequence of a Hawaii amakihi (Hemignathus virens), and identified similar to 3.9 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genome. Using the amakihi genome as a reference, we also identified similar to 156,000 SNPs in RAD tag (restriction site associated DNA) sequencing of five honeycreeper species (palila [Loxioides bailleui], Nihoa finch [Telespiza ultima], iiwi [Vestiaria coccinea], apapane [Himatione sanguinea], and amakihi). SNPs are distributed throughout the amakihi genome, and the individual sequenced shows several large regions of low heterozygosity on chromosomes 1, 5, 6, 8 and 11. SNPs from RAD tag sequencing were also found throughout the genome but were found to be more densely located on microchromosomes, apparently a result of differential distribution of the particular site recognized by restriction enzyme BseXI. Conclusions: The amakihi genome sequence will be useful for comparative avian genomics research and provides a significant resource for studies in such areas as disease ecology, evolution, and conservation genetics. The genome sequences will enable mapping of transcriptome data for honeycreepers and comparison of gene sequences between avian taxa. Researchers will be able to use the large number of SNP markers to genotype honeycreepers in regions of interest or across the whole genome. There are enough markers to enable use of methods such as genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that will allow researchers to make connections between phenotypic diversity of honeycreepers and specific genetic variants. Genome-wide markers will also help resolve phylogenetic and population genetic questions in honeycreepers. C1 [Callicrate, Taylor; Dikow, Rebecca; Fleischer, Robert C.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Callicrate, Taylor] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Thomas, James W.; Mullikin, James C.] NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Jarvis, Erich D.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Neurobiol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Fleischer, RC (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM fleischerr@si.edu RI Jarvis, Erich/A-2319-2008 OI Jarvis, Erich/0000-0001-8931-5049 FU Smithsonian Institution; NHGRI Intramural Research Program; Office of the Undersecretary for Science Next Generation Sequencing Small Grants Program FX The Smithsonian Institution provided funds to R.C.F. and T.C. for this research through the Pell Competitive Grants Program for Science and the Office of the Undersecretary for Science Next Generation Sequencing Small Grants Program. J.W.T., J.C.M. and the NISC Comparative Sequencing Program were funded by the NHGRI Intramural Research Program. Samples used in this study were obtained under appropriate USFWS and Hawaii DLNR-DOFAW permits, and IACUC approvals. Bhanu Rekepalli and Amit Upadhyay from the Joint Institute for Computational Sciences group at the University of Tennessee provided scripts for comparing Stacks and amakihi genome genotypes. We thank Jason Howard of the Jarvis lab for assistance in coordinating the Roche 454 Sequencing reactions, and Roche 454 and the Duke Genome center for help in conducting the reactions. We also thank Nancy Rotzel Mclnerney of the CCEG lab for facilitating this research, Helen James for discussion and comments on the manuscript, and Jack Jeffrey for use of his photographs in Figure 4. NR 60 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 7 U2 58 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD DEC 12 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 1098 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-1098 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AY4WE UT WOS:000347575100002 PM 25496081 ER PT J AU Kress, WJ AF Kress, W. John TI Valuing collections SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Kress, W. John] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Kress, W. John] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Kress, WJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM kressj@si.edu NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD DEC 12 PY 2014 VL 346 IS 6215 BP 1310 EP 1310 DI 10.1126/science.aaa4115 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AW3MA UT WOS:000346189600034 PM 25504711 ER PT J AU Zhang, GJ Li, C Li, QY Li, B Larkin, DM Lee, C Storz, JF Antunes, A Greenwold, MJ Meredith, RW Odeen, A Cui, J Zhou, Q Xu, LH Pan, HL Wang, ZJ Jin, LJ Zhang, P Hu, HF Yang, W Hu, J Xiao, J Yang, ZK Liu, Y Xie, QL Yu, H Lian, JM Wen, P Zhang, F Li, H Zeng, YL Xiong, ZJ Liu, SP Zhou, L Huang, ZY An, N Wang, J Zheng, QM Xiong, YQ Wang, GB Wang, B Wang, JJ Fan, Y da Fonseca, RR Alfaro-Nunez, A Schubert, M Orlando, L Mourier, T Howard, JT Ganapathy, G Pfenning, A Whitney, O Rivas, MV Hara, E Smith, J Farre, M Narayan, J Slavov, G Romanov, MN Borges, R Machado, JP Khan, I Springer, MS Gatesy, J Hoffmann, FG Opazo, JC Hastad, O Sawyer, RH Kim, H Kim, KW Kim, HJ Cho, S Li, N Huang, YH Bruford, MW Zhan, XJ Dixon, A Bertelsen, MF Derryberry, E Warren, W Wilson, RK Li, SB Ray, DA Green, RE O'Brien, SJ Griffin, D Johnson, WE Haussler, D Ryder, OA Willerslev, E Graves, GR Alstrom, P Fjeldsa, J Mindell, DP Edwards, SV Braun, EL Rahbek, C Burt, DW Houde, P Zhang, Y Yang, HM Wang, J Jarvis, ED Gilbert, MTP Wang, J AF Zhang, Guojie Li, Cai Li, Qiye Li, Bo Larkin, Denis M. Lee, Chul Storz, Jay F. Antunes, Agostinho Greenwold, Matthew J. Meredith, Robert W. Odeen, Anders Cui, Jie Zhou, Qi Xu, Luohao Pan, Hailin Wang, Zongji Jin, Lijun Zhang, Pei Hu, Haofu Yang, Wei Hu, Jiang Xiao, Jin Yang, Zhikai Liu, Yang Xie, Qiaolin Yu, Hao Lian, Jinmin Wen, Ping Zhang, Fang Li, Hui Zeng, Yongli Xiong, Zijun Liu, Shiping Zhou, Long Huang, Zhiyong An, Na Wang, Jie Zheng, Qiumei Xiong, Yingqi Wang, Guangbiao Wang, Bo Wang, Jingjing Fan, Yu da Fonseca, Rute R. Alfaro-Nunez, Alonzo Schubert, Mikkel Orlando, Ludovic Mourier, Tobias Howard, Jason T. Ganapathy, Ganeshkumar Pfenning, Andreas Whitney, Osceola Rivas, Miriam V. Hara, Erina Smith, Julia Farre, Marta Narayan, Jitendra Slavov, Gancho Romanov, Michael N. Borges, Rui Machado, Joao Paulo Khan, Imran Springer, Mark S. Gatesy, John Hoffmann, Federico G. Opazo, Juan C. Hastad, Olle Sawyer, Roger H. Kim, Heebal Kim, Kyu-Won Kim, Hyeon Jeong Cho, Seoae Li, Ning Huang, Yinhua Bruford, Michael W. Zhan, Xiangjiang Dixon, Andrew Bertelsen, Mads F. Derryberry, Elizabeth Warren, Wesley Wilson, Richard K. Li, Shengbin Ray, David A. Green, Richard E. O'Brien, Stephen J. Griffin, Darren Johnson, Warren E. Haussler, David Ryder, Oliver A. Willerslev, Eske Graves, Gary R. Alstroem, Per Fjeldsa, Jon Mindell, David P. Edwards, Scott V. Braun, Edward L. Rahbek, Carsten Burt, David W. Houde, Peter Zhang, Yong Yang, Huanming Wang, Jian Jarvis, Erich D. Gilbert, M. Thomas P. Wang, Jun CA Avian Genome Consortium TI Comparative genomics reveals insights into avian genome evolution and adaptation SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FUNCTIONAL DIVERSIFICATION; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; GENE DUPLICATION; RAPID EVOLUTION; MUTATION-RATE; INTRON SIZE; BIRDS; VERTEBRATE; DIVERSITY; MAMMALS AB Birds are the most species-rich class of tetrapod vertebrates and have wide relevance across many research fields. We explored bird macroevolution using full genomes from 48 avian species representing all major extant clades. The avian genome is principally characterized by its constrained size, which predominantly arose because of lineage-specific erosion of repetitive elements, large segmental deletions, and gene loss. Avian genomes furthermore show a remarkably high degree of evolutionary stasis at the levels of nucleotide sequence, gene synteny, and chromosomal structure. Despite this pattern of conservation, we detected many non-neutral evolutionary changes in protein-coding genes and noncoding regions. These analyses reveal that pan-avian genomic diversity covaries with adaptations to different lifestyles and convergent evolution of traits. C1 [Zhang, Guojie; Li, Cai; Li, Qiye; Li, Bo; Xu, Luohao; Pan, Hailin; Wang, Zongji; Jin, Lijun; Zhang, Pei; Hu, Haofu; Yang, Wei; Hu, Jiang; Xiao, Jin; Yang, Zhikai; Liu, Yang; Xie, Qiaolin; Yu, Hao; Lian, Jinmin; Wen, Ping; Zhang, Fang; Li, Hui; Zeng, Yongli; Xiong, Zijun; Liu, Shiping; Zhou, Long; Huang, Zhiyong; An, Na; Wang, Jie; Zheng, Qiumei; Xiong, Yingqi; Wang, Guangbiao; Wang, Bo; Wang, Jingjing; Zhang, Yong; Yang, Huanming; Wang, Jian; Wang, Jun] BGI Shenzhen, China Natl GeneBank, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Guojie] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Ctr Social Evolut, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Li, Cai; Li, Qiye; da Fonseca, Rute R.; Alfaro-Nunez, Alonzo; Schubert, Mikkel; Orlando, Ludovic; Mourier, Tobias; Willerslev, Eske; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr GeoGenet, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Larkin, Denis M.; Farre, Marta] Univ London, Royal Vet Coll, London, England. [Lee, Chul; Kim, Heebal; Kim, Kyu-Won] Seoul Natl Univ, Interdisciplinary Program Bioinformat, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Lee, Chul; Kim, Heebal; Kim, Hyeon Jeong; Cho, Seoae] Seoul Natl Univ, Cho & Kim Genomics, Seoul 151919, South Korea. [Storz, Jay F.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Antunes, Agostinho; Borges, Rui; Machado, Joao Paulo; Khan, Imran] Univ Porto, Ctr Invest Ciencias Mar & Limnol CIMAR, Ctr Interdisciplinar Invest Marinha & Ambiental C, P-4050123 Oporto, Portugal. [Antunes, Agostinho; Borges, Rui; Khan, Imran] Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, Dept Biol, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. [Greenwold, Matthew J.; Sawyer, Roger H.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Meredith, Robert W.] Montclair State Univ, Dept Biol & Mol Biol, Montclair, NJ 07043 USA. [Odeen, Anders] Uppsala Univ, Dept Anim Ecol, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. [Cui, Jie] Univ Sydney, Marie Bashir Inst Infect Dis & Biosecur, Charles Perkins Ctr, Sch Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Cui, Jie] Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Cui, Jie] Duke NUS Grad Med Sch, Program Emerging Infect Dis, Singapore 169857, Singapore. [Zhou, Qi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Xu, Luohao] Wuhan Univ, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Wang, Zongji; Liu, Shiping] S China Univ Technol, Sch Biosci & Bioengn, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jie] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, BGI Educ Ctr, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China. [Fan, Yu] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Anim Models & Human Dis Mech, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Fan, Yu] Kunming Inst Zool, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Howard, Jason T.; Ganapathy, Ganeshkumar; Pfenning, Andreas; Whitney, Osceola; Rivas, Miriam V.; Hara, Erina; Smith, Julia; Jarvis, Erich D.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Neurobiol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Narayan, Jitendra; Slavov, Gancho] Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Biol Environm & Rural Sci, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, Wales. [Romanov, Michael N.; Griffin, Darren] Univ Kent, Sch Biosci, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, Kent, England. [Machado, Joao Paulo] Univ Porto, ICBAS, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal. [Springer, Mark S.; Gatesy, John] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Hoffmann, Federico G.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Hoffmann, Federico G.; Ray, David A.] Mississippi State Univ, Inst Gen Biocomp & Biotechnol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Opazo, Juan C.] Univ Austral Chile, Fac Ciencias, Inst Ciencias Ambientales & Evolut, Valdivia, Chile. [Hastad, Olle] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Anat Physiol & Biochem, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Kim, Heebal] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Agr Biotechnol, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Kim, Heebal] Seoul Natl Univ, Res Inst Agr & Life Sci, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Li, Ning; Huang, Yinhua] China Agr Univ, State Key Lab Agrobiotechnol, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Huang, Yinhua] China Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Bruford, Michael W.; Zhan, Xiangjiang] Cardiff Univ, Cardiff Sch Biosci, Organisms & Environm Div, Cardiff CF10 3AX, S Glam, Wales. [Zhan, Xiangjiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Dixon, Andrew] Int Wildlife Consultants, Carmarthen SA33 5YL, Dyfed, Wales. [Bertelsen, Mads F.] Copenhagen Zoo, Ctr Zoo & Wild Anim Hlth, DK-2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark. [Derryberry, Elizabeth] Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Derryberry, Elizabeth] Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Warren, Wesley; Wilson, Richard K.] Washington Univ, Genome Inst, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. [Li, Shengbin] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Cole Med & Forens, Xian 710061, Peoples R China. [Green, Richard E.; Haussler, David] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Biomol Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [O'Brien, Stephen J.] St Petersburg State Univ, Theodosius Dobzhansky Ctr Genome Bioinformat, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. [O'Brien, Stephen J.] Nova SE Univ, Oceanog Ctr, Dania, FL 33004 USA. [Johnson, Warren E.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Ryder, Oliver A.] San Diego Zoo Inst Conservat Res, Genet Div, Escondido, CA 92027 USA. [Graves, Gary R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Graves, Gary R.; Fjeldsa, Jon; Rahbek, Carsten] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. [Alstroem, Per] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Key Lab Zool Syst & Evolut, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Alstroem, Per] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Swedish Species Informat Ctr, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Mindell, David P.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biochem & Biophys, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. [Edwards, Scott V.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Edwards, Scott V.] Harvard Univ, Museum Comparat Zool, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Braun, Edward L.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Braun, Edward L.] Univ Florida, Genet Inst, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Rahbek, Carsten] Imperial Coll London, Grand Challenges Ecosyst & Environm Initiat, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England. [Burt, David W.] Univ Edinburgh, Roslin Inst, Div Genet & Gen, Roslin EH25 9RG, Midlothian, Scotland. [Burt, David W.] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Dick Sch Vet Studies, Roslin EH25 9RG, Midlothian, Scotland. [Houde, Peter] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Biol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Yang, Huanming; Wang, Jun] Macau Univ Sci & Technol, Taipa 999078, Macau, Peoples R China. [Gilbert, M. Thomas P.] Curtin Univ, Dept Environm & Agr, Trace & Environm DNA Lab, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. [Wang, Jun] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Wang, Jun] King Abdulaziz Univ, Princess Al Jawhara Ctr Excellence Res Hereditary, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. [Wang, Jun] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Med, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Zhang, GJ (reprint author), BGI Shenzhen, China Natl GeneBank, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China. EM zhanggj@genomics.cn; jarvis@neuro.duke.edu; mtpgilbert@gmail.com; wangj@genomics.cn RI Pitel, Frederique/C-2847-2009; Zhang, Guojie/B-6188-2014; Orlando, Ludovic/A-8932-2013; Samaniego Castruita, Jose Alfredo/B-9033-2015; Alstrom, Per/C-1619-2015; Gilbert, Marcus/A-8936-2013; Rahbek, Carsten/L-1129-2013; Fjeldsa, Jon/A-9699-2013; Mourier, Tobias/C-1164-2015; Bruford, Michael/D-3750-2009; Schubert, Mikkel/I-6911-2013; da Fonseca, Rute/F-9143-2013; Wang, Jun/C-8434-2016; Wang, Jun/B-9503-2016; Li, Qiye/C-1348-2015; Barnett, Ross/G-1920-2011; Romanov, Michael/O-9419-2014; Jarvis, Erich/A-2319-2008; Borges, Rui/H-5873-2016; Stadler, Peter F./L-7857-2015; publist, CMEC/C-3010-2012; publicationpage, cmec/B-4405-2017; OI Pitel, Frederique/0000-0002-1477-7633; Zhang, Guojie/0000-0001-6860-1521; Orlando, Ludovic/0000-0003-3936-1850; Samaniego Castruita, Jose Alfredo/0000-0001-5904-1198; Alstrom, Per/0000-0001-7182-2763; Gilbert, Marcus/0000-0002-5805-7195; Fjeldsa, Jon/0000-0003-0790-3600; Mourier, Tobias/0000-0003-2727-1903; Bruford, Michael/0000-0001-6357-6080; Schubert, Mikkel/0000-0003-2401-9921; da Fonseca, Rute/0000-0002-2805-4698; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-8540-8931; /0000-0002-3447-9801; Sunagar, Kartik/0000-0003-0998-1581; Opazo, Juan/0000-0001-7938-4083; Cui, Jie/0000-0001-8176-9951; Braun, Edward/0000-0003-1643-5212; Howard, Jason/0000-0003-3265-5127; Holmes, Edward/0000-0001-9596-3552; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-2113-5874; Alfaro-Nunez, Alonzo/0000-0002-4050-5041; Li, Qiye/0000-0002-5993-0312; Edwards, Scott/0000-0003-2535-6217; Barnett, Ross/0000-0003-4023-0284; Maldonado, Emanuel/0000-0002-0084-6116; Almeida, Daniela/0000-0002-9874-933X; Hu, Haofu/0000-0001-8145-3009; Bertelsen, Mads/0000-0001-9201-7499; Romanov, Michael/0000-0003-3584-4644; Jarvis, Erich/0000-0001-8931-5049; Borges, Rui/0000-0003-3931-9476; Stadler, Peter F./0000-0002-5016-5191; khan, imran/0000-0002-9892-7271; Farre, Marta/0000-0001-9170-5767; Li, Cai/0000-0001-7843-2151 FU BGI; Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship [300837]; Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF94]; Lundbeck Foundation [R52-A5062]; Danish Council for Independent Research [10-081390]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; NIH [DP1OD000448] FX Genome assemblies and annotations of avian genomes in this study are available on the avian phylogenomics website (http://phybirds.genomics.org.cn), GigaDB (http://dx.doi.org/10.5524/101000), National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), and ENSEMBL (NCBI and Ensembl accession numbers are provided in table S2). The majority of this study was supported by an internal funding from BGI. In addition, G.Z. was supported by a Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship grant (300837); M.T.P.G. was supported by a Danish National Research Foundation grant (DNRF94) and a Lundbeck Foundation grant (R52-A5062); C.L. and Q.L. were partially supported by a Danish Council for Independent Research Grant (10-081390); and E.D.J. was supported by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and NIH Directors Pioneer Award DP1OD000448. NR 90 TC 165 Z9 168 U1 45 U2 264 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD DEC 12 PY 2014 VL 346 IS 6215 BP 1311 EP 1320 DI 10.1126/science.1251385 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AW3MA UT WOS:000346189600035 PM 25504712 ER PT J AU Jarvis, ED Mirarab, S Aberer, AJ Li, B Houde, P Li, C Ho, SYW Faircloth, BC Nabholz, B Howard, JT Suh, A Weber, CC da Fonseca, RR Li, JW Zhang, F Li, H Zhou, L Narula, N Liu, L Ganapathy, G Boussau, B Bayzid, MS Zavidovych, V Subramanian, S Gabaldon, T Capella-Gutierrez, S Huerta-Cepas, J Rekepalli, B Munch, K Schierup, M Lindow, B Warren, WC Ray, D Green, RE Bruford, MW Zhan, XJ Dixon, A Li, SB Li, N Huang, YH Derryberry, EP Bertelsen, MF Sheldon, FH Brumfield, RT Mello, CV Lovell, PV Wirthlin, M Schneider, MPC Prosdocimi, F Samaniego, JA Velazquez, AMV Alfaro-Nunez, A Campos, PF Petersen, B Sicheritz-Ponten, T Pas, A Bailey, T Scofield, P Bunce, M Lambert, DM Zhou, Q Perelman, P Driskell, AC Shapiro, B Xiong, ZJ Zeng, YL Liu, SP Li, ZY Liu, BH Wu, K Xiao, J Yinqi, X Zheng, QM Zhang, Y Yang, HM Wang, J Smeds, L Rheindt, FE Braun, M Fjeldsa, J Orlando, L Barker, FK Jonsson, KA Johnson, W Koepfli, KP O'Brien, S Haussler, D Ryder, OA Rahbek, C Willerslev, E Graves, GR Glenn, TC McCormack, J Burt, D Ellegren, H Alstrom, P Edwards, SV Stamatakis, A Mindell, DP Cracraft, J Braun, EL Warnow, T Jun, W Gilbert, MTP Zhang, GJ AF Jarvis, Erich D. Mirarab, Siavash Aberer, Andre J. Li, Bo Houde, Peter Li, Cai Ho, Simon Y. W. Faircloth, Brant C. Nabholz, Benoit Howard, Jason T. Suh, Alexander Weber, Claudia C. da Fonseca, Rute R. Li, Jianwen Zhang, Fang Li, Hui Zhou, Long Narula, Nitish Liu, Liang Ganapathy, Ganesh Boussau, Bastien Bayzid, Md. Shamsuzzoha Zavidovych, Volodymyr Subramanian, Sankar Gabaldon, Toni Capella-Gutierrez, Salvador Huerta-Cepas, Jaime Rekepalli, Bhanu Munch, Kasper Schierup, Mikkel Lindow, Bent Warren, Wesley C. Ray, David Green, Richard E. Bruford, Michael W. Zhan, Xiangjiang Dixon, Andrew Li, Shengbin Li, Ning Huang, Yinhua Derryberry, Elizabeth P. Bertelsen, Mads Frost Sheldon, Frederick H. Brumfield, Robb T. Mello, Claudio V. Lovell, Peter V. Wirthlin, Morgan Cruz Schneider, Maria Paula Prosdocimi, Francisco Samaniego, Jose Alfredo Vargas Velazquez, Amhed Missael Alfaro-Nunez, Alonzo Campos, Paula F. Petersen, Bent Sicheritz-Ponten, Thomas Pas, An Bailey, Tom Scofield, Paul Bunce, Michael Lambert, David M. Zhou, Qi Perelman, Polina Driskell, Amy C. Shapiro, Beth Xiong, Zijun Zeng, Yongli Liu, Shiping Li, Zhenyu Liu, Binghang Wu, Kui Xiao, Jin Yinqi, Xiong Zheng, Qiuemei Zhang, Yong Yang, Huanming Wang, Jian Smeds, Linnea Rheindt, Frank E. Braun, Michael Fjeldsa, Jon Orlando, Ludovic Barker, F. Keith Jonsson, Knud Andreas Johnson, Warren Koepfli, Klaus-Peter O'Brien, Stephen Haussler, David Ryder, Oliver A. Rahbek, Carsten Willerslev, Eske Graves, Gary R. Glenn, Travis C. McCormack, John Burt, Dave Ellegren, Hans Alstrom, Per Edwards, Scott V. Stamatakis, Alexandros Mindell, David P. Cracraft, Joel Braun, Edward L. Warnow, Tandy Jun, Wang Gilbert, M. Thomas P. Zhang, Guojie TI Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BIASED GENE CONVERSION; PHYLOGENETIC TREES; SPECIES TREES; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENTS; PARALLEL RADIATIONS; CRETACEOUS ORIGIN; COALESCENT MODEL; MASS EXTINCTION; PASSERINE BIRDS; FOSSIL RECORD AB To better determine the history of modern birds, we performed a genome-scale phylogenetic analysis of 48 species representing all orders of Neoaves using phylogenomic methods created to handle genome-scale data. We recovered a highly resolved tree that confirms previously controversial sister or close relationships. We identified the first divergence in Neoaves, two groups we named Passerea and Columbea, representing independent lineages of diverse and convergently evolved land and water bird species. Among Passerea, we infer the common ancestor of core landbirds to have been an apex predator and confirm independent gains of vocal learning. Among Columbea, we identify pigeons and flamingoes as belonging to sister clades. Even with whole genomes, some of the earliest branches in Neoaves proved challenging to resolve, which was best explained by massive protein-coding sequence convergence and high levels of incomplete lineage sorting that occurred during a rapid radiation after the Cretaceous-Paleogene mass extinction event about 66 million years ago. C1 [Jarvis, Erich D.; Howard, Jason T.; Ganapathy, Ganesh; Zavidovych, Volodymyr] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Neurobiol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Jarvis, Erich D.; Howard, Jason T.; Ganapathy, Ganesh; Zavidovych, Volodymyr] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Mirarab, Siavash; Bayzid, Md. Shamsuzzoha; Warnow, Tandy] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Comp Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Aberer, Andre J.; Stamatakis, Alexandros] Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies, Sci Comp Grp, Heidelberg, Germany. [Li, Bo; Li, Cai; Li, Jianwen; Zhang, Fang; Li, Hui; Zhou, Long; Xiong, Zijun; Zeng, Yongli; Liu, Shiping; Li, Zhenyu; Liu, Binghang; Wu, Kui; Xiao, Jin; Yinqi, Xiong; Zheng, Qiuemei; Zhang, Yong; Zhang, Guojie] BGI Shenzhen, China Natl GeneBank, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China. [Li, Bo; Li, Shengbin] Xi An Jiao Tong Univ, Coll Med & Forens, Xian 710061, Peoples R China. [Li, Bo; Li, Cai; da Fonseca, Rute R.; Lindow, Bent; Samaniego, Jose Alfredo; Vargas Velazquez, Amhed Missael; Alfaro-Nunez, Alonzo; Campos, Paula F.; Orlando, Ludovic; Willerslev, Eske; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr GeoGenet, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Houde, Peter; Narula, Nitish] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Biol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Ho, Simon Y. W.] Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Faircloth, Brant C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Faircloth, Brant C.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Nabholz, Benoit] Univ Montpellier 2, Inst Sci Evolut Montpellier, CNRS, UMR 5554, Montpellier, France. [Suh, Alexander; Weber, Claudia C.; Smeds, Linnea; Ellegren, Hans] Uppsala Univ, Evolutionary Biol Ctr, Dept Evolutionary Biol, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. [Narula, Nitish] Okinawa Inst Sci & Technol Onna Son, Biodivers & Biocomplex Unit, Okinawa 9040495, Japan. [Liu, Liang] Univ Georgia, Dept Stat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Liu, Liang] Univ Georgia, Inst Bioinformat, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Boussau, Bastien] Univ Lyon, Ctr Natl Rech Sci, Lab Biometrie & Biol Evolut, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. [Subramanian, Sankar; Lambert, David M.] Griffith Univ, Environm Futures Res Inst, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. [Gabaldon, Toni; Capella-Gutierrez, Salvador; Huerta-Cepas, Jaime] Ctr Genom Regulat, Bioinformat & Genom Programme, Barcelona 08003, Spain. [Gabaldon, Toni; Capella-Gutierrez, Salvador; Huerta-Cepas, Jaime] Univ Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain. [Gabaldon, Toni] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Rekepalli, Bhanu] Univ Tennessee, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Joint Inst Computat Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Munch, Kasper; Schierup, Mikkel] Aarhus Univ, Bioinformat Res Ctr, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Warren, Wesley C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Genome Inst, St Louis, MI 63108 USA. [Ray, David] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Ray, David] Mississippi State Univ, Inst Gen Biocomp & Biotechnol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Ray, David] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Green, Richard E.; Shapiro, Beth] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Bruford, Michael W.; Zhan, Xiangjiang] Cardiff Univ, Cardiff Sch Biosci, Organisms & Environm Div, Cardiff CF10 3AX, S Glam, Wales. [Zhan, Xiangjiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Dixon, Andrew] Int Wildlife Consultants, Carmarthen SA33 5YL, Dyfed, Wales. [Li, Ning; Huang, Yinhua] China Agr Univ, State Key Lab Agrobiotechnol, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Derryberry, Elizabeth P.] Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Derryberry, Elizabeth P.; Sheldon, Frederick H.; Brumfield, Robb T.] Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Derryberry, Elizabeth P.; Sheldon, Frederick H.; Brumfield, Robb T.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Bertelsen, Mads Frost] Ctr Zoo & Wild Anim Hlth, DK-2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark. [Mello, Claudio V.; Lovell, Peter V.; Wirthlin, Morgan] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Behav Neurosci, Portland, OR 97239 USA. [Mello, Claudio V.; Cruz Schneider, Maria Paula; Prosdocimi, Francisco] Fed Univ Para, Brazilian Avian Genome Consortium CNPq FAPESPA SI, BR-66059 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Cruz Schneider, Maria Paula] Fed Univ Para, Inst Biol Sci, BR-66059 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Prosdocimi, Francisco] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Med Biochem Leopoldo de Meis, BR-21941902 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Petersen, Bent; Sicheritz-Ponten, Thomas] Tech Univ, Dept Syst Biol, Ctr Biol Sequence Anal, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Pas, An] Breeding Ctr Endangered Arabian Wildlife, Sharjah, U Arab Emirates. [Bailey, Tom] Dubai Falcon Hosp, Dubai, U Arab Emirates. [Scofield, Paul] Canterbury Museum, Christchurch 8050, New Zealand. [Bunce, Michael; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.] Curtin Univ, Dept Environm & Agr, Trace & Environm DNA Lab, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. [Zhou, Qi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Perelman, Polina] NCI, Lab Genom Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Perelman, Polina] SB RAS, Inst Mol & Cellular Biol, Novosibirsk, Russia. [Perelman, Polina] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Driskell, Amy C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Yang, Huanming; Wang, Jian; Jun, Wang] BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China. [Rheindt, Frank E.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Braun, Michael] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Smithsonian Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Fjeldsa, Jon; Jonsson, Knud Andreas; Rahbek, Carsten; Graves, Gary R.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. [Barker, F. Keith] Univ Minnesota, Bell Museum Nat Hist, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jonsson, Knud Andreas] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, London SW7 5BD, England. [Jonsson, Knud Andreas; Rahbek, Carsten] Imperial Coll London, Dept Life Sci, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England. [Johnson, Warren] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Koepfli, Klaus-Peter] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [O'Brien, Stephen] St Petersburg State Univ, Theodosius Dobzhansky Ctr Genome Bioinformat, St Petersburg 199004, Russia. [O'Brien, Stephen] Nova SE Univ, Oceanog Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33004 USA. [Haussler, David] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Ryder, Oliver A.] San Diego Zoo Inst Conservat Res, Escondido, CA 92027 USA. [Graves, Gary R.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 116, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Glenn, Travis C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [McCormack, John] Occidental Coll, Moore Lab Zool, Los Angeles, CA 90041 USA. [McCormack, John] Occidental Coll, Dept Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90041 USA. [Burt, Dave] Univ Edinburgh, Roslin Inst, Dept Genom & Genet, Roslin EH25 9RG, Midlothian, Scotland. [Burt, Dave] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Dick Sch Vet Studies, Roslin EH25 9RG, Midlothian, Scotland. [Alstrom, Per] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Swedish Species Informat Ctr, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Alstrom, Per] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Key Lab Zool Syst & Evolut, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Edwards, Scott V.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Edwards, Scott V.] Harvard Univ, Museum Comparat Zool, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Stamatakis, Alexandros] Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Theoret Informat, Dept Informat, D-76131 Karlsruhe, Germany. [Mindell, David P.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biochem & Biophys, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA. [Cracraft, Joel] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Ornithol, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Braun, Edward L.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Braun, Edward L.] Univ Florida, Genet Inst, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Warnow, Tandy] Univ Illinois, Dept Bioengn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Warnow, Tandy] Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Jun, Wang] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Jun, Wang] King Abdulaziz Univ, Princess Al Jawhara Ctr Excellence Res Hereditary, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. [Jun, Wang] Macau Univ Sci & Technol, Taipa 999078, Macau, Peoples R China. [Jun, Wang] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Med, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Guojie] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Ctr Social Evolut, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Jarvis, ED (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Neurobiol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM jarvis@neuro.duke.edu; tandywarnow@gmail.com; wangj@genomics.cn; mtpgilbert@gmail.com; zhanggj@genomics.cn RI Wang, Jun/B-9503-2016; Perelman, Polina/N-8088-2015; Bruford, Michael/D-3750-2009; da Fonseca, Rute/F-9143-2013; Wang, Jun/C-8434-2016; Jarvis, Erich/A-2319-2008; Schierup, Mikkel/F-1675-2010; Prosdocimi, Francisco/F-6847-2012; Stamatakis, Alexandros/B-8740-2009; publist, CMEC/C-3010-2012; Narula, Nitish/G-5784-2015; publicationpage, cmec/B-4405-2017; Capella-Gutierrez, Salvador/H-5053-2015; Brumfield, Robb/K-6108-2015; Ho, Simon/A-8417-2008; Gabaldon, Toni/A-7336-2008; Zhang, Guojie/B-6188-2014; Orlando, Ludovic/A-8932-2013; Samaniego Castruita, Jose Alfredo/B-9033-2015; Alstrom, Per/C-1619-2015; Gilbert, Marcus/A-8936-2013; Campos, Paula/B-1634-2010; Rahbek, Carsten/L-1129-2013; Fjeldsa, Jon/A-9699-2013; Munch, Kasper/A-1434-2010; OI Subramanian, Sankar/0000-0002-2375-3254; Shapiro, Beth/0000-0002-2733-7776; Scofield, Richard/0000-0002-7510-6980; Jonsson, Knud/0000-0002-1875-9504; Li, Cai/0000-0001-7843-2151; Wirthlin, Morgan/0000-0001-7967-7070; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-2113-5874; Alfaro-Nunez, Alonzo/0000-0002-4050-5041; Weber, Claudia/0000-0002-5910-8898; Edwards, Scott/0000-0003-2535-6217; Perelman, Polina/0000-0002-0982-5100; Bruford, Michael/0000-0001-6357-6080; da Fonseca, Rute/0000-0002-2805-4698; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-8540-8931; Jarvis, Erich/0000-0001-8931-5049; Schierup, Mikkel/0000-0002-5028-1790; Prosdocimi, Francisco/0000-0002-6761-3069; Narula, Nitish/0000-0002-8309-8642; Capella-Gutierrez, Salvador/0000-0002-0309-604X; Brumfield, Robb/0000-0003-2307-0688; Ho, Simon/0000-0002-0361-2307; Gabaldon, Toni/0000-0003-0019-1735; Zhang, Guojie/0000-0001-6860-1521; Orlando, Ludovic/0000-0003-3936-1850; Samaniego Castruita, Jose Alfredo/0000-0001-5904-1198; Alstrom, Per/0000-0001-7182-2763; Gilbert, Marcus/0000-0002-5805-7195; Campos, Paula/0000-0003-1285-4671; Fjeldsa, Jon/0000-0003-0790-3600; Munch, Kasper/0000-0003-2880-6252; Bertelsen, Mads/0000-0001-9201-7499; Suh, Alexander/0000-0002-8979-9992; Faircloth, Brant/0000-0002-1943-0217; Braun, Edward/0000-0003-1643-5212; Howard, Jason/0000-0003-3265-5127 FU BGI; NIH [DP1OD000448]; HHMI; Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship [300837]; NSF [DEB 0733029, DBI 1062335]; NSF IR/D program; Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF94]; Lundbeck Foundation [R52-A5062] FX Genome assemblies, annotations, alignments, tree files, and other data sets used or generated in this study are available at GigaScience, the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), ENSEMBL, CoGe, UCSC, and other sources listed in SM13 (table S17). We thank S. Edmunds at GigaScience, K. Pruit at NCBI, and P. Flicek at ENSEMBL for making this possible. The majority of genome sequencing and annotation was supported by internal funding from BGI. Additional major support is from the coordinators of the project: E.D.J. from the HHMI and NIH Directors Pioneer Award DP1OD000448; S.M. from an HHMI International Student Fellowship; G.Z. from Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship grant (300837); T.W. from NSF DEB 0733029, NSF DBI 1062335, and NSF IR/D program; and M.T.P.G. from a Danish National Research Foundation grant (DNRF94) and a Lundbeck Foundation grant (R52-A5062). J. Fjeldsa generated the bird drawings used in the figures. O.A.R. acknowledges a uniform biological material transfer agreement between San Diego Zoo Global and BGI used for some tissue samples. R.E.G. declares that he is President of Dovetail Genomics, with no conflicts of interest. Additional acknowledgements are listed in the supplementary materials. We thank the following for allowing us to conduct the computationally intensive analyses for this study: Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies; San Diego Supercomputer Center, with support by an NSF grant; SuperMUC Petascale System at the Leibniz Supercomputing Center; Technical University of Denmark; Texas Advanced Computing Center; Georgia Advanced Computing Resource Center, a partnership between the University of Georgia's Office of the Vice President for Research and Office of the Vice President for Information Technology; Amazon Web Services; BGI; the Nautilus supercomputer at the National Institute for Computational Sciences of the University of Tennessee and Smithsonian; and Duke University Institute for Genome Sciences and Policy. NR 101 TC 306 Z9 311 U1 46 U2 348 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD DEC 12 PY 2014 VL 346 IS 6215 BP 1320 EP 1331 DI 10.1126/science.1253451 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AW3MA UT WOS:000346189600036 PM 25504713 ER PT J AU Kouwenhoven, MBN Goodwin, SP de Grijs, R Rose, M Kim, SS AF Kouwenhoven, M. B. N. Goodwin, S. P. de Grijs, R. Rose, M. Kim, Sungsoo S. TI How does a low-mass cut-off in the stellar IMF affect the evolution of young star clusters? SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE stars: kinematics and dynamics; stars: low-mass; stars: luminosity function, mass function; open clusters and associations: general ID EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; PRIMORDIAL BINARY POPULATION; N-BODY SIMULATIONS; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; INTERNAL DYNAMICS; ARCHES CLUSTER; DISRUPTION; MULTIPLICITY AB We investigate how different stellar initial mass functions (IMFs) can affect the mass-loss and survival of star clusters. We find that IMFs with radically different low-mass cut-offs (between 0.1 and 2 M-circle dot) do not change cluster destruction time-scales as much as might be expected. Unsurprisingly, we find that clusters with more high-mass stars lose relatively more mass through stellar evolution, but the response to this mass-loss is to expand and hence significantly slow their dynamical evolution. We also argue that it is very difficult, if not impossible, to have clusters with different IMFs that are initially 'the same', since the mass, radius and relaxation times depend on each other and on the IMF in a complex way. We conclude that changing the IMF to be biased towards more massive stars does speed up mass-loss and dissolution, but that it is not as dramatic as might be thought. C1 [Kouwenhoven, M. B. N.; de Grijs, R.] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Kouwenhoven, M. B. N.; de Grijs, R.] Peking Univ, Dept Astron, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Goodwin, S. P.; Rose, M.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. [Rose, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kim, Sungsoo S.] Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Yongin 446701, Kyunggi Do, South Korea. RP Kouwenhoven, MBN (reprint author), Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Yi He Yuan Lu 5, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM kouwenhoven@pku.edu.cn RI Kim, Sungsoo/A-8601-2011; Kouwenhoven, M.B.N./G-3854-2015; OI Kim, Sungsoo/0000-0002-5570-2160; Kouwenhoven, M.B.N./0000-0002-1805-0570; de Grijs, Richard/0000-0002-7203-5996 FU Peter and Patricia Gruber Foundation through the PPGF fellowship; Peking University One Hundred Talent Fund (985) programme; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11010237, 11050110414, 11173004, 11043006, 11073001, 11373010]; STFC [PP/D002036/1, ST/G001758/1]; John Templeton Foundation; National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; British Council; University of Sheffield; Kyung Hee University under the Prime Minister's Initiative-2 (PMI2) programme; Nuffield Foundation for a 2008 Undergraduate Summer Research Bursary [URB/35327]; Mid-career Research Programme through the National Research Foundation (NRF) - Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (MEST) of Korea [2011-0016898] FX We thank the anonymous referee for her/his insightful comments that helped to improve this paper. MBNK was supported by the Peter and Patricia Gruber Foundation through the PPGF fellowship, by the Peking University One Hundred Talent Fund (985) programme, by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 11010237, 11050110414, 11173004) and by STFC under grant number PP/D002036/1. This publication was made possible through the support of a grant from the John Templeton Foundation and the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the John Templeton Foundation or the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The funds from the John Templeton Foundation were awarded in a grant to The University of Chicago which also managed the programme in conjunction with the National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences. RdG acknowledges partial research support through grants 11043006, 11073001 and 11373010 from the National Natural Science Foundation of China. We thank the British Council for networking funding through a 'Research Co-operation grant' between the University of Sheffield and Kyung Hee University under the Prime Minister's Initiative-2 (PMI2) programme. MR acknowledges funding from the Nuffield Foundation for a 2008 Undergraduate Summer Research Bursary, URB/35327, and STFC (grant number ST/G001758/1). SSK's work was supported by the Mid-career Research Programme (no. 2011-0016898) through the National Research Foundation (NRF) grant funded by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (MEST) of Korea. NR 78 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 11 PY 2014 VL 445 IS 3 BP 2256 EP 2267 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu1877 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX5JT UT WOS:000346962900008 ER PT J AU Bird, S Vogelsberger, M Haehnelt, M Sijacki, D Genel, S Torrey, P Springel, V Hernquist, L AF Bird, Simeon Vogelsberger, Mark Haehnelt, Martin Sijacki, Debora Genel, Shy Torrey, Paul Springel, Volker Hernquist, Lars TI Damped Lyman alpha absorbers as a probe of stellar feedback SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: formation; intergalactic medium; cosmology: theory ID COLUMN DENSITY DISTRIBUTION; MOVING-MESH COSMOLOGY; PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; GALAXY FORMATION PHYSICS; DARK-MATTER UNIVERSE; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; LY-ALPHA; H I; STAR-FORMATION; MASS FUNCTION AB We examine the abundance, clustering and metallicity of Damped Lyman alpha Absorbers (DLAs) in a suite of hydrodynamic cosmological simulations using the moving mesh code AREPO. We incorporate models of supernova and AGN feedback, as well as molecular hydrogen formation. We compare our simulations to the column density distribution function at z=3, the total DLA abundance at z = 2-4, the measured DLA bias at z = 2.3 and the DLA metallicity distribution at z = 2-4. Our preferred models produce populations of DLAs in good agreement with most of these observations. The exception is the DLA abundance at z < 3, which we show requires stronger feedback in 10(11-12) h(-1) M-circle dot mass haloes. While the DLA population probes a wide range of halo masses, we find the cross-section is dominated by haloes of mass 10(10)-10(11) h(-1) M-circle dot and virial velocities 50-100 km s(-1). The simulated DLA population has a linear theory bias of 1.7, whereas the observations require 2.17 +/- 0.2. We show, however, that non-linear growth increases the bias in our simulations to 2.3 at k = 1 h Mpc(-1), the smallest scale observed. The scale-dependence of the bias is, however, very different in the simulations compared against the observations. We show that, of the observations we consider, the DLA abundance and column density function provide the strongest constraints on the feedback model. C1 [Bird, Simeon] Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Vogelsberger, Mark] MIT, MKI, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Vogelsberger, Mark] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Haehnelt, Martin; Sijacki, Debora] Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Haehnelt, Martin; Sijacki, Debora] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Genel, Shy; Torrey, Paul; Hernquist, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Bird, S (reprint author), Inst Adv Study, 1 Einstein Dr, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. EM spb@ias.edu OI Torrey, Paul/0000-0002-5653-0786 FU National Science Foundation [AST-0907969]; W.M. Keck Foundation; Institute for Advanced Study; FP7 ERC Advanced Grant [Emergence-320596]; European Research Council under ERC-StG grant [EXAGAL-308037]; NASA ATP Award [NNX12AC67G]; NSF [AST-1312095] FX SB thanks Pasquier Noterdaeme for useful discussions regarding the data, J. Xavier Prochaska for useful comments and proofreading an earlier version of the paper and Ryan Cooke for noticing a units error in an earlier draft. SB is supported by the National Science Foundation grant number AST-0907969, the W.M. Keck Foundation and the Institute for Advanced Study. MGH acknowledges support from the FP7 ERC Advanced Grant Emergence-320596. VS acknowledges support from the European Research Council under ERC-StG grant EXAGAL-308037. LH is supported by NASA ATP Award NNX12AC67G and NSF grant AST-1312095. NR 85 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 11 PY 2014 VL 445 IS 3 BP 2313 EP 2324 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu1923 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX5JT UT WOS:000346962900013 ER PT J AU Najita, JR Kenyon, SJ AF Najita, J. R. Kenyon, S. J. TI The mass budget of planet-forming discs: isolating the epoch of planetesimal formation SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: formation; protoplanetary discs; stars: formation ID SUN-LIKE STARS; SOLAR-TYPE STARS; GRAVITATING PROTOPLANETARY DISCS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DUST DISKS; EXTRASOLAR GIANT PLANETS; MAIN-SEQUENCE EVOLUTION; IN SUPER-EARTHS; DEBRIS DISKS; TAURUS-AURIGA; DETERMINISTIC MODEL AB The high rate of planet detection among solar-type stars argues that planet formation is common. It is also generally assumed that planets form in protoplanetary discs like those observed in nearby star-forming regions. On what time-scale does the transformation from discs to planets occur? Here, we show that current inventories of planets and protoplanetary discs are sensitive enough to place basic constraints on the time-scale and efficiency of the planet formation process. A comparison of planet detection statistics and the measured solid reservoirs in T Tauri discs suggests that planet formation is likely already underway at the few Myr age of the discs in Taurus-Auriga, with a large fraction of solids having been converted into large objects with low millimetre opacity and/or sequestered at small disc radii where they are difficult to detect at millimetre wavelengths. C1 [Najita, J. R.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Najita, J. R.; Kenyon, S. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Najita, JR (reprint author), Natl Opt Astron Observ, 950 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM najita@noao.edu OI Kenyon, Scott/0000-0003-0214-609X FU NASA Astrophysics Theory and Origins of Solar Systems programmes [NNX10AF35G]; NASA Outer Planets Program [NNX11AM37G]; Institute for Theory and Computation at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics FX We thank Sean Andrews, Til Birnstiel, Ben Bromley, Margaret Geller, John Johnson, and Hubert Klahr for valuable discussions and comments on the manuscript. We also thank the referee for a helpful report that improved the clarity of the manuscript. Portions of this project were supported by the NASA Astrophysics Theory and Origins of Solar Systems programmes through grant NNX10AF35G, the NASA Outer Planets Program through grant NNX11AM37G, and by the Institute for Theory and Computation at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. NR 192 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 11 PY 2014 VL 445 IS 3 BP 3315 EP 3329 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu1994 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX5JT UT WOS:000346962900089 ER PT J AU Yao, NY Laumann, CR Gopalakrishnan, S Knap, M Muller, M Demler, EA Lukin, MD AF Yao, N. Y. Laumann, C. R. Gopalakrishnan, S. Knap, M. Mueller, M. Demler, E. A. Lukin, M. D. TI Many-Body Localization in Dipolar Systems SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-SPIN QUBITS; COUPLED ELECTRON; POLAR-MOLECULES; DIAMOND; TRANSITION AB Systems of strongly interacting dipoles offer an attractive platform to study many-body localized phases, owing to their long coherence times and strong interactions. We explore conditions under which such localized phases persist in the presence of power-law interactions and supplement our analytic treatment with numerical evidence of localized states in one dimension. We propose and analyze several experimental systems that can be used to observe and probe such states, including ultracold polar molecules and solidstate magnetic spin impurities. C1 [Yao, N. Y.; Laumann, C. R.; Gopalakrishnan, S.; Knap, M.; Demler, E. A.; Lukin, M. D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Laumann, C. R.] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada. [Laumann, C. R.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Laumann, C. R.; Knap, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mueller, M.] Abdus Salam Int Ctr Theoret Phys, I-34151 Trieste, Italy. RP Yao, NY (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Knap, Michael/H-3344-2011 OI Knap, Michael/0000-0002-7093-9502 FU NSF; DOE [FG02-97ER25308]; HQOC; Harvard-MIT CUA; DARPA OLE program; AFOSR MURI; Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [J 3361-N20] FX It is a pleasure to gratefully acknowledge the insights of and discussions with A. Kamenev, D. Huse, A. Pal, R. Nandkishore, A. M. Rey, K. Hazzard, J. Ye, T. Pfau, A. Chandran, D. Abanin, and A. Mirlin. This work was supported, in part, by the NSF, DOE (FG02-97ER25308), HQOC, Harvard-MIT CUA, the DARPA OLE program, AFOSR MURI, as well as the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) Project No. J 3361-N20. NR 51 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD DEC 11 PY 2014 VL 113 IS 24 AR 243002 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.243002 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA AW6IF UT WOS:000346372300004 PM 25541771 ER PT J AU Friesen, RK Di Francesco, J Bourke, TL Caselli, P Jorgensen, JK Pineda, JE Wong, M AF Friesen, R. K. Di Francesco, J. Bourke, T. L. Caselli, P. Jorgensen, J. K. Pineda, J. E. Wong, M. TI REVEALING H2D+ DEPLETION AND COMPACT STRUCTURE IN STARLESS AND PROTOSTELLAR CORES WITH ALMA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: abundances; ISM: molecules; stars: formation ID MOLECULAR CLOUD CORES; 1ST HYDROSTATIC CORE; RADIATION MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; SUBMILLIMETER CONTINUUM EMISSION; LARGE ARRAY OBSERVATIONS; INITIAL CONDITIONS; RHO-OPHIUCHI; PRESTELLAR CORES; DEUTERIUM FRACTIONATION; STELLAR DENSITIES AB We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the submillimeter dust continuum and H2D+ 1(10)-1(11) emission toward two evolved, potentially protostellar cores within the Ophiuchus molecular cloud, Oph A SM1 and SM1N. The data reveal small-scale condensations within both cores, with mass upper limits of M less than or similar to 0.02 M-circle dot (similar to 20 M-Jup). The SM1 condensation is consistent with a nearly symmetric Gaussian source with a width of only 37AU. The SM1N condensation is elongated and extends 500 AU along its major axis. No evidence for substructure is seen in either source. A Jeans analysis indicates that these sources are unlikely to fragment, suggesting that both will form single stars. H2D+ is only detected toward SM1N, offset from the continuum peak by similar to 150-200 AU. This offset may be due to either heating from an undetected, young, low-luminosity protostellar source or first hydrostatic core, or HD (and consequently H2D+) depletion in the cold center of the condensation. We propose that SM1 is protostellar and that the condensation detected by ALMA is a warm (T similar to 30-50 K) accretion disk. The less concentrated emission of the SM1N condensation suggests that it is still starless, but we cannot rule out the presence of a low-luminosity source, perhaps surrounded by a pseudodisk. These data observationally reveal the earliest stages of the formation of circumstellar accretion regions and agree with theoretical predictions that disk formation can occur very early in the star formation process, coeval with or just after the formation of a first hydrostatic core or protostar. C1 [Friesen, R. K.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Di Francesco, J.] Natl Res Council Canada, Radio Astron Program, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Di Francesco, J.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1, Canada. [Bourke, T. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Radio & Geoastron Div, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Caselli, P.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Caselli, P.] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Jorgensen, J. K.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. [Jorgensen, J. K.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Star & Planet Format, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Pineda, J. E.] ETH, Inst Astron, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Wong, M.] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. RP Friesen, RK (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. EM friesen@dunlap.utoronto.ca OI Di Francesco, James/0000-0002-9289-2450; Friesen, Rachel/0000-0001-7594-8128; Pineda, Jaime/0000-0002-3972-1978 FU Junior Group Leader Fellowship from the Lundbeck Foundation; Swiss National Science Foundation [CRSII2_141880] FX This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2011.0.00396.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. The authors thank B. Matthews for performing the initial reduction of the ALMA data. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. The James Clerk Max well Telescope is operated by the Joint Astronomy Centre on behalf of the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the National Research Council of Canada, and (until 2013 March 31) the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research. R.K.F. is a Dunlap Fellow at the Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto. The Dunlap Institute is funded through an endowment established by the David Dunlap family and the University of Toronto. The research of J.K.J. is supported by a Junior Group Leader Fellowship from the Lundbeck Foundation. J.E.P. is supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation, project number CRSII2_141880. NR 97 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 1 AR 27 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/1/27 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AU9LT UT WOS:000345915000027 ER PT J AU Goodman, AA Alves, J Beaumont, CN Benjamin, RA Borkin, MA Burkert, A Dame, TM Jackson, J Kauffmann, J Robitaille, T Smith, RJ AF Goodman, Alyssa A. Alves, Joao Beaumont, Christopher N. Benjamin, Robert A. Borkin, Michelle A. Burkert, Andreas Dame, Thomas M. Jackson, James Kauffmann, Jens Robitaille, Thomas Smith, Rowan J. TI THE BONES OF THE MILKY WAY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dust, extinction; galaxies: star formation; Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics; Galaxy: structure; ISM: clouds; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; ISM: structure ID INFRARED DARK CLOUD; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; GALACTIC DISK; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; DENSITY DISTRIBUTION; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; SPIRAL STRUCTURE; STAR-FORMATION; IAU SYSTEM; MU-M AB The very long and thin infrared dark cloud "Nessie" is even longer than had been previously claimed, and an analysis of its Galactic location suggests that it lies directly in the Milky Way's mid-plane, tracing out a highly elongated bone-like feature within the prominent Scutum-Centaurus spiral arm. Re-analysis of mid-infrared imagery from the Spitzer Space Telescope shows that this infrared dark cloud (IRDC) is at least two and possibly as many as five times longer than had originally been claimed by Nessie's discoverers; its aspect ratio is therefore at least 300:1 and possibly as large as 800:1. A careful accounting for both the Sun's offset from the Galactic plane (similar to 25 pc) and the Galactic center's offset from the (l(II), b(II)) = (0, 0) position shows that the latitude of the true Galactic mid-plane at the 3.1 kpc distance to the Scutum-Centaurus Arm is not b = 0, but instead closer to b = -0.4, which is the latitude of Nessie to within a few parsecs. An analysis of the radial velocities of low-density (CO) and high-density (NH3) gas associated with the Nessie dust feature suggests that Nessie runs along the Scutum-Centaurus Arm in position-position-velocity space, which means it likely forms a dense "spine" of the arm in real space as well. The Scutum-Centaurus Arm is the closest major spiral arm to the Sun toward the inner Galaxy, and, at the longitude of Nessie, it is almost perpendicular to our line of sight, making Nessie the easiest feature to see as a shadow elongated along the Galactic plane from our location. Future high-resolution dust mapping and molecular line observations of the harder-to-find Galactic "bones" should allow us to exploit the Sun's position above the plane to gain a (very foreshortened) view "from above" the Milky Way's structure. C1 [Goodman, Alyssa A.; Beaumont, Christopher N.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Alves, Joao] Univ Vienna, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Benjamin, Robert A.] Univ Wisconsin, Whitewater, WI 53190 USA. [Borkin, Michelle A.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Burkert, Andreas] Univ Munich, Munich, Germany. [Dame, Thomas M.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Jackson, James] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Kauffmann, Jens] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Robitaille, Thomas] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Smith, Rowan J.] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Inst Theoret Astrophys, Heidelberg, Germany. RP Goodman, AA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI Goodman, Alyssa/A-6007-2010; OI Goodman, Alyssa/0000-0003-1312-0477; Alves, Joao/0000-0002-4355-0921; Robitaille, Thomas/0000-0002-8642-1329 FU Cluster of Excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe"; Microsoft Research; National Science Foundation [AST0908159]; NASA [ADAP NNX12AE11G, NNX10AI70G]; Department of Defense FX A.B. acknowledges support from the Cluster of Excellence "Origin and Structure of the Universe." A.G. and C.B. thank Microsoft Research, the National Science Foundation (AST0908159), and NASA (ADAP NNX12AE11G) for their support. M.B. was supported by the Department of Defense through the National Defense Science & Engineering Graduate Fellowship (NDSEG) Program. R.B. acknowledges NASA grant NNX10AI70G. NR 50 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 1 AR 53 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/1/53 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AU9LT UT WOS:000345915000053 ER PT J AU Guo, XY Sironi, L Narayan, R AF Guo, Xinyi Sironi, Lorenzo Narayan, Ramesh TI NON-THERMAL ELECTRON ACCELERATION IN LOW MACH NUMBER COLLISIONLESS SHOCKS.II. FIREHOSE-MEDIATED FERMI ACCELERATION AND ITS DEPENDENCE ON PRE-SHOCK CONDITIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; galaxies: clusters: general radiation; mechanisms: non-thermal; shock waves ID IN-CELL SIMULATIONS; QUASI-PERPENDICULAR SHOCKS; MERGING GALAXY CLUSTER; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; HOSE INSTABILITY; DRIFT ACCELERATION; ION-ACCELERATION; RADIO-EMISSION; SPACE PLASMAS; SOLAR-FLARES AB Electron acceleration to non-thermal energies is known to occur in low Mach number (M-s less than or similar to 5) shocks in galaxy clusters and solar flares, but the electron acceleration mechanism remains poorly understood. Using two-dimensional (2D) particle-in-cell (PIC) plasma simulations, we showed in Paper I that electrons are efficiently accelerated in low Mach number (M-s = 3) quasi-perpendicular shocks via a Fermi-like process. The electrons bounce between the upstream region and the shock front, with each reflection at the shock resulting in energy gain via shock drift acceleration. The upstream scattering is provided by oblique magnetic waves that are self-generated by the electrons escaping ahead of the shock. In the present work, we employ additional 2D PIC simulations to address the nature of the upstream oblique waves. We find that the waves are generated by the shock-reflected electrons via the firehose instability, which is driven by an anisotropy in the electron velocity distribution. We systematically explore how the efficiency of wave generation and of electron acceleration depend on the magnetic field obliquity, the flow magnetization (or equivalently, the plasma beta), and the upstream electron temperature. We find that the mechanism works for shocks with high plasma beta (>= 20) at nearly all magnetic field obliquities, and for electron temperatures in the range relevant for galaxy clusters. Our findings offer a natural solution to the conflict between the bright radio synchrotron emission observed from the outskirts of galaxy clusters and the low electron acceleration efficiency usually expected in low Mach number shocks. C1 [Guo, Xinyi; Sironi, Lorenzo; Narayan, Ramesh] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Guo, XY (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Narayan, Ramesh/0000-0002-1919-2730 FU NASA [NNX14AB47G, NAS8-03060]; NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship - Chandra X-ray Center [PF1-120090]; FAS Division of Science, Research Computing Group at Harvard University [TG-AST120010]; NASA High-End Computing (HEC) resources through the NASA Advanced Super- computing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center FX X.G. and R.N. are supported in part by NASA grant NNX14AB47G. X.G. thanks Philip Mocz for helpful comments on the manuscript and Pierre Christian for useful discussions. We thank R. van Weeren, P. Nulsen, G. Brunetti, F. Vazza, and the anonymous referee for helpful comments. L.S. is supported by NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship grant number PF1-120090 awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. The computations in this paper were run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Division of Science, Research Computing Group at Harvard University, on XSEDE resources under contract No. TG-AST120010, and on NASA High-End Computing (HEC) resources through the NASA Advanced Super- computing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center. NR 52 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 1 AR 47 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/1/47 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AU9LT UT WOS:000345915000047 ER PT J AU Johnson, TL Sharon, K Bayliss, MB Gladders, MD Coe, D Ebeling, H AF Johnson, Traci L. Sharon, Keren Bayliss, Matthew B. Gladders, Michael D. Coe, Dan Ebeling, Harald TI LENS MODELS AND MAGNIFICATION MAPS OF THE SIX HUBBLE FRONTIER FIELDS CLUSTERS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: individual: (A2744, MACS J0416.1-240, MACS J0717.5+3745); galaxies: distances and redshifts; gravitational lensing: strong ID ULTRA DEEP FIELD; SPACE-TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS; EXTRAGALACTIC LEGACY SURVEY; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; LYMAN-BREAK GALAXIES; MASS RECONSTRUCTION; MACS J0717.5+3745; RXC J2248.7-4431; DARK-MATTER; PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS AB We present strong-lensing models as well as mass and magnification maps for the cores of the six Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Frontier Fields galaxy clusters. Our parametric lens models are constrained by the locations and redshifts of multiple image systems of lensed background galaxies. We use a combination of photometric redshifts and spectroscopic redshifts of the lensed background sources obtained by us (for A2744 and AS1063), collected from the literature, or kindly provided by the lensing community. Using our results, we (1) compare the derived mass distribution of each cluster to its light distribution, (2) quantify the cumulative magnification power of the HST Frontier Fields clusters, (3) describe how our models can be used to estimate the magnification and image multiplicity of lensed background sources at all redshifts and at any position within the cluster cores, and (4) discuss systematic effects and caveats resulting from our modeling methods. We specifically investigate the effect of the use of spectroscopic and photometric redshift constraints on the uncertainties of the resulting models. We find that the photometric redshift estimates of lensed galaxies are generally in excellent agreement with spectroscopic redshifts, where available. However, the flexibility associated with relaxed redshift priors may cause the complexity of large-scale structure that is needed to account for the lensing signal to be underestimated. Our findings thus underline the importance of spectroscopic arc redshifts, or tight photometric redshift constraints, for high precision lens models. All products from our best-fit lens models (magnification, convergence, shear, deflection field) and model simulations for estimating errors are made available via the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes. C1 [Johnson, Traci L.; Sharon, Keren] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Bayliss, Matthew B.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bayliss, Matthew B.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Gladders, Michael D.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Gladders, Michael D.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Coe, Dan] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Ebeling, Harald] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Johnson, TL (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 1085 South Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM tljohn@umich.edu FU NASA [NAS5-26555, 5-26555]; NASA Office of Space Science [NNX13AC07G]; University of Michigan's President's Postdoctoral Fellowship FX Some of the data presented in this paper were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for MAST for non-HST data is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science via grant NNX13AC07G and by other grants and contracts. This work was supported by NASA grant 5-26555. K.S. acknowledges support from the University of Michigan's President's Postdoctoral Fellowship. NR 78 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 1 AR 48 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/1/48 PG 31 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AU9LT UT WOS:000345915000048 ER PT J AU Kamble, A Soderberg, AM Chomiuk, L Margutti, R Medvedev, M Milisavljevic, D Chakraborti, S Chevalier, R Chugai, N Dittmann, J Drout, M Fransson, C Nakar, E Sanders, N AF Kamble, Atish Soderberg, Alicia M. Chomiuk, Laura Margutti, Raffaella Medvedev, Mikhail Milisavljevic, Dan Chakraborti, Sayan Chevalier, Roger Chugai, Nikolai Dittmann, Jason Drout, Maria Fransson, Claes Nakar, Ehud Sanders, Nathan TI RADIO OBSERVATIONS REVEAL A SMOOTH CIRCUMSTELLAR ENVIRONMENT AROUND THE EXTRAORDINARY TYPE Ib SUPERNOVA 2012au SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; radio continuum: general; supernovae: general; supernovae: individual (SN 2012au) ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; HYPERNOVA SN 1998BW; LIGHT CURVES; IC SUPERNOVAE; LUMINOUS SUPERNOVA; PROGENITORS; EXPLOSIONS; MODELS; STARS AB We present extensive radio and X-ray observations of SN 2012au, an energetic, radio-luminous supernova of Type Ib that exhibits multi-wavelength properties bridging subsets of hydrogen-poor superluminous supernovae, hypernovae, and normal core-collapse supernovae. The observations closely follow models of synchrotron emission from a shock-heated circumburst medium that has a wind density profile (rho alpha r(-2)). We infer a sub-relativistic velocity for the shock wave v approximate to 0.2 c and a radius of r approximate to 1.4 x 10(16) cm at 25 days after the estimated date of explosion. For a wind velocity of 1000 km s(-1), we determine the mass-loss rate of the progenitor to be M = 3.6 x 10(-6) M-circle dot yr(-1), consistent with the estimates from X-ray observations. We estimate the total internal energy of the radio-emitting material to be E approximate to 10(47) crg, which is intermediate to SN 1998bw and SN 2002ap. The evolution of the radio light curve of SN 2012au is in agreement with its interaction with a smoothly distributed circumburst medium and the absence of stellar shells ejected from previous outbursts out to r approximate to 10(17) cm from the supernova site. We conclude that the bright radio emission from SN 2012au was not dissimilar from other core-collapse supernovae despite its extraordinary optical properties, and that the evolution of the SN 2012au progenitor star was relatively quiet, marked with a steady mass loss, during the final years preceding explosion. C1 [Kamble, Atish; Soderberg, Alicia M.; Margutti, Raffaella; Milisavljevic, Dan; Chakraborti, Sayan; Dittmann, Jason; Drout, Maria; Sanders, Nathan] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chomiuk, Laura] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Chomiuk, Laura] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Medvedev, Mikhail] Univ Kansas, Dept Phys & Astron, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Medvedev, Mikhail] NRC Kurchatov Inst, ITP, Moscow 123182, Russia. [Chevalier, Roger] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Chugai, Nikolai] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Astron, Moscow 109017, Russia. [Fransson, Claes] Stockholm Univ, AlbaNova Univ Ctr, AlbaNova Univ Ctr, Dept Astron, SE-0691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Nakar, Ehud] Tel Aviv Univ, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Chomiuk, Laura] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Kamble, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM atish.vyas@gmail.com FU David and Lucile Packard Foundation Fellowship for Science and Engineering FX Support for this work was provided by the David and Lucile Packard Foundation Fellowship for Science and Engineering awarded to A.M.S. The authors thank the anonymous referee for constrictive criticism which helped improve the quality of the article. NR 83 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 1 AR 2 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/1/2 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AU9LT UT WOS:000345915000002 ER PT J AU Plambeck, RL Bower, GC Rao, R Marrone, DP Jorstad, SG Marscher, AP Doeleman, SS Fish, VL Johnson, MD AF Plambeck, R. L. Bower, G. C. Rao, Ramprasad Marrone, D. P. Jorstad, S. G. Marscher, A. P. Doeleman, S. S. Fish, V. L. Johnson, M. D. TI PROBING THE PARSEC-SCALE ACCRETION FLOW OF 3C 84 WITH MILLIMETER WAVELENGTH POLARIMETRY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (3C 84); galaxies: jets; polarization ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; LINEAR-POLARIZATION; SAGITTARIUS-A; ROTATION MEASURE; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; FARADAY-ROTATION; PERSEUS CLUSTER; NGC 1275; NGC-1275 AB We report the discovery of Faraday rotation toward radio source 3C 84, the active galactic nucleus in NGC 1275 at the core of the Perseus Cluster. The rotation measure (RM), determined from polarization observations at wavelengths of 1.3 and 0.9 mm, is (8.7 +/- 2.3) x 10(5) rad m(-2), among the largest ever measured. The RM remained relatively constant over a 2 yr period even as the intrinsic polarization position angle wrapped through a span of 300.. The Faraday rotation is likely to originate either in the boundary layer of the radio jet from the nucleus or in the accretion flow onto the central black hole. The accretion flow probably is disk-like rather than spherical on scales of less than a parsec, otherwise the RM would be even larger. C1 [Plambeck, R. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Radio Astron Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bower, G. C.; Rao, Ramprasad] ASIAA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Marrone, D. P.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Jorstad, S. G.; Marscher, A. P.] Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Jorstad, S. G.] St Petersburg State Univ, Astron Inst, St Petersburg 198504, Russia. [Doeleman, S. S.; Fish, V. L.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Doeleman, S. S.; Johnson, M. D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Plambeck, RL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Radio Astron Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM plambeck@berkeley.edu RI Jorstad, Svetlana/H-6913-2013; OI Jorstad, Svetlana/0000-0001-9522-5453; Marrone, Daniel/0000-0002-2367-1080; Plambeck, Richard/0000-0001-6765-9609 FU state of California; state of Illinois; state of Maryland; James S. McDonnell Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation; University of Chicago; Associates of the California Institute of Technology; National Science Foundation [AST-1207752]; CARMA partner universities; Smithsonian Institution; Academia Sinica FX Support for CARMA construction was derived from the states of California, Illinois, and Maryland; the James S. McDonnell Foundation; the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; the Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation; the University of Chicago; the Associates of the California Institute of Technology; and the National Science Foundation. Ongoing CARMA development and operations are supported by the National Science Foundation under a cooperative agreement and by the CARMA partner universities. D.P.M. is supported by the National Science Foundation through award AST-1207752.; The Submillimeter Array is a joint project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica. NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 1 AR 66 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/1/66 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AU9LT UT WOS:000345915000066 ER PT J AU Rojas, K Motta, V Mediavilla, E Falco, E Jimenez-Vicente, J Munoz, JA AF Rojas, K. Motta, V. Mediavilla, E. Falco, E. Jimenez-Vicente, J. Munoz, J. A. TI STRONG CHROMATIC MICROLENSING IN HE0047-1756 AND SDSS1155+6346 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing: micro; gravitational lensing: strong; quasars: individual (HE0047-1756, SDSS1155+6346) ID QUASAR ACCRETION DISKS; GRAVITATIONALLY LENSED QUASARS; BROAD EMISSION-LINES; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; DENSITY PROFILE; HUBBLE CONSTANT; MASS MODELS; TIME-DELAY; X-RAY; GALAXY AB We use spectra of the double-lensed quasars HE0047-1756 and SDSS1155+6346 to study their unresolved structure through the impact of microlensing. There is no significant evidence of microlensing in the emission line profiles except for the Ly alpha line of SDSS1155+6346, which shows strong differences in the shapes for images A and B. However, the continuum of the B image spectrum in SDSS1155+6346 is strongly contaminated by the lens galaxy, and these differences should be considered with caution. Using the flux ratios of the emission lines for image pairs as a baseline to remove macro-magnification and extinction, we have detected strong chromatic microlensing in the continuum measured by CASTLES (www.cfa.harvard.edu/castles/)in both lens systems, with amplitudes 0.09(lambda 16000) less than or similar to vertical bar Delta m vertical bar less than or similar to 0.8(lambda 5439) for HE0047-1756, and 0.2(.16000) less than or similar to vertical bar Delta m vertical bar less than or similar to 0.8(lambda 5439) for SDSS1155+6346. Using magnification maps to simulate microlensing and modeling the accretion disk as a Gaussian source (I alpha exp(-R-2/2r(s)(2))) of size r(s) alpha lambda(p),we find r(s) = 2.5(-1.4)(+3.0) root M/0.3M(circle dot) lt-day and p = 2.3 +/- 0.8 at the rest frame for lambda = 2045 for HE0047-1756 (log prior) and r(s) = 5.5(-3.3)(+8.2) root M/0.3M(circle dot) lt-day and p = 1.5 +/- 0.6 at the rest frame of lambda = 1398 for SDSS1155+6346 (log prior). Contrary to other studied lens systems, the chromaticity detected in HE0047-1756 and SDSS1155+6346 is large enough to fulfill the thin disk prediction. The inferred sizes, however, are very large compared to the predictions of this model, especially in the case of SDSS1155+6346. C1 [Rojas, K.; Motta, V.] Univ Valparaiso, Inst Fis & Astron, Valparaiso 2360102, Chile. [Mediavilla, E.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Spain. [Mediavilla, E.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38205 Tenerife, Spain. [Falco, E.] Smithsonian Inst, Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA. [Jimenez-Vicente, J.] Univ Granada, Dept Fis Teor & Cosmos, E-18071 Granada, Spain. [Jimenez-Vicente, J.] Univ Granada, Inst Carlos Fis Teor & Comp, E-18071 Granada, Spain. [Munoz, J. A.] Univ Valencia, Dept Astron & Astrofis, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain. RP Rojas, K (reprint author), Univ Valparaiso, Inst Fis & Astron, Avda Gran Bretana 1111,Playa Ancha, Valparaiso 2360102, Chile. EM karina.rojas@uv.cl; veronica.motta@uv.cl; emg@iac.es; falco@cfa.harvard.edu; jjimenez@ugr.es; jmunoz@uv.es RI Jimenez-Vicente, Jorge/K-1209-2014 OI Jimenez-Vicente, Jorge/0000-0001-7798-3453 FU FONDECYT [1120741]; Doctoral scholarship FIB-UV; Spanish Ministerio de Economia [AYA2011-24728]; Junta de Andalucia [FQM-108]; Spanish MINECO [AYA2010-21741-C03-01, AYA2010-21741-C03-02]; Generalitat Valenciana [PROME-TEOII/2014/060] FX We thank the anonymous referee for thoughtful suggestions. K.R. and V.M. acknowledge support from FONDECYT through grant 1120741. K.R. also is supported by Doctoral scholarship FIB-UV 2014. J.J.V. is supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Economia through grant AYA2011-24728 and by the Junta de Andalucia through project FQM-108. E.M. and J.A.M. were supported by the Spanish MINECO with grants AYA2010-21741-C03-01 and AYA2010-21741-C03-02. J.A.M. was also supported by the Generalitat Valenciana with project PROME-TEOII/2014/060. NR 54 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 1 AR 61 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/1/61 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AU9LT UT WOS:000345915000061 ER PT J AU Torres, G Lacy, CHS Pavlovski, K Feiden, GA Sabby, JA Bruntt, H Clausen, JV AF Torres, Guillermo Lacy, Claud H. Sandberg Pavlovski, Kresimir Feiden, Gregory A. Sabby, Jeffrey A. Bruntt, Hans Clausen, Jens Viggo TI THE G plus M ECLIPSING BINARY V530 ORIONIS: A STRINGENT TEST OF MAGNETIC STELLAR EVOLUTION MODELS FOR LOW-MASS STARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: eclipsing; stars: evolution; stars: fundamental parameters; stars: individual (V530 Ori); techniques: photometric ID LOWER MAIN-SEQUENCE; LINED SPECTROSCOPIC BINARIES; LIMB-DARKENING COEFFICIENTS; FUNDAMENTAL PROPERTIES; ABSOLUTE DIMENSIONS; COMPONENT SPECTRA; LARGE-SCALE; INTERSTELLAR EXTINCTION; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD AB We report extensive photometric and spectroscopic observations of the 6.1 day period, G+M-type detached double-lined eclipsing binary V530 Ori, an important new benchmark system for testing stellar evolution models for low-mass stars. We determine accurate masses and radii for the components with errors of 0.7% and 1.3%, as follows: M-A = 1.0038 +/- 0.0066 M-circle dot, M-B = 0.5955 +/- 0.0022 M-circle dot, R-A = 0.980 +/- 0.013 R-circle dot, and R-B = 0.5873 +/- 0.0067 R-circle dot. The effective temperatures are 5890 +/- 100K (G1 v) and 3880 +/- 120K (M1 v), respectively. A detailed chemical analysis probing more than 20 elements in the primary spectrum shows the system to have a slightly subsolar abundance, with [Fe/H] = -0.12 +/- 0.08. A comparison with theory reveals that standard models underpredict the radius and overpredict the temperature of the secondary, as has been found previously for other M dwarfs. On the other hand, models from the Dartmouth series incorporating magnetic fields are able to match the observations of the secondary star at the same age as the primary (similar to 3 Gyr) with a surface field strength of 2.1 +/- 0.4 kG when using a rotational dynamo prescription, or 1.3 +/- 0.4 kG with a turbulent dynamo approach, not far from our empirical estimate for this star of 0.83 +/- 0.65 kG. The observations are most consistent with magnetic fields playing only a small role in changing the global properties of the primary. The V530 Ori system thus provides an important demonstration that recent advances in modeling appear to be on the right track to explain the long-standing problem of radius inflation and temperature suppression in low-mass stars. C1 [Torres, Guillermo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lacy, Claud H. Sandberg] Univ Arkansas, Dept Phys, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Pavlovski, Kresimir] Univ Zagreb, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Zagreb 10000, Croatia. [Feiden, Gregory A.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden. [Sabby, Jeffrey A.] Southern Illinois Univ Edwardsville, Dept Phys, Edwardsville, IL 62026 USA. [Bruntt, Hans] Aarhus Univ, Stellar Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Bruntt, Hans] Aarhus Katedralskole, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Clausen, Jens Viggo] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Torres, G (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM gtorres@cfa.harvard.edu RI Feiden, Gregory/F-1505-2015; OI Feiden, Gregory/0000-0002-2012-7215; Lacy, Claud/0000-0002-0455-679X FU NSF [AST-1007992] FX We are grateful to P. Berlind, M. Calkins, R. J. Davis, G. Esquerdo, D. Latham, A. Milone, and R. Stefanik for help in obtaining the CfA observations of V530 Ori with the DS and with TRES, and to R. J. Davis and J. Mink for maintaining the CfA echelle data bases over the years. A. Bieryla is acknowledged for help with the initial spectroscopic solutions using the TRES spectra. The anonymous referee provided very helpful comments on the manuscript. The authors also wish to thank Bill Neely, who operates and maintains the NFO WebScope for the Consortium, and who handles preliminary processing of the images and their distribution. We also thank G. Berard, S. Bouley, M. Y. Bouzid, T. H. Dall, L. M. Freyhammer, E. Johnsen, H. Jorgensen, R. Leguet, C. Papadaki, J. D. Pritchard, S. Regandell, and C. Sterken for their assistance in gathering the photometric observations with the Stromgren Automatic Telescope at ESO. JVC participated fully in the data collection and analysis up to the time of his death, but bears no responsibility for the final text of this paper. Finally, we also thank Ian Czekala for computing the PHOENIX library of calculated spectra used here. GT acknowledges partial support for this work from NSF grant AST-1007992. NR 103 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 1 AR 31 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/1/31 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AU9LT UT WOS:000345915000031 ER PT J AU van Dokkum, PG Conroy, C AF van Dokkum, Pieter G. Conroy, Charlie TI FLUCTUATION SPECTROSCOPY: A NEW PROBE OF OLD STELLAR POPULATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies: stellar content; stars: AGB and post-AGB; stars: evolution ID SURFACE BRIGHTNESS FLUCTUATIONS; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; ABSORPTION FEATURES; ABUNDANCE RATIOS; VIRGO CLUSTER; STAR-CLUSTERS; COOL STARS; EVOLUTION AB We introduce a new method to determine the relative contributions of different types of stars to the integrated light of nearby early-type galaxies. As is well known, the surface brightness of these galaxies shows pixel-to-pixel fluctuations due to Poisson variations in the number of giant stars. Differential spectroscopy of pixels as a function of fluctuation strength ("fluctuation spectroscopy") effectively measures the spectral variation of stars as a function of their luminosity, information that is otherwise difficult to obtain for individual stars outside of the Local Group. We apply this technique to the elliptical galaxy NGC 4472, using Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys imaging in six narrow-band ramp filters tuned to spectral features in the range 0.8 mu m-1.0 mu m. Pixels with +/- 5% broad-band variations show differential color variations of 0.1%-1.0% in the narrow-band filters. These variations are primarily due to the systematic increase in TiO absorption strength with increasing luminosity on the upper giant branch. The data are very well reproduced by the same Conroy & van Dokkum stellar population synthesis model that is the best fit to the integrated light, with residuals in the range 0.03%-0.09%. Models with ages or metallicities that are significantly different from the integrated-light values do not yield good fits. We can also rule out several modifications to the underlying model, including the presence of a significant (>3% of the light) population of late M giants. The current observations constitute a powerful test of the expected luminosities and temperatures of metal-rich giants in massive early-type galaxies. Studies of pixels with much larger (negative) fluctuations will provide unique information on main sequence stars and the stellar initial mass function. C1 [van Dokkum, Pieter G.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Conroy, Charlie] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Conroy, Charlie] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP van Dokkum, PG (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. FU STScI [GO-12523] FX We thank the anonymous referee for a constructive report that improved the clarity of the paper. Support from STScI grant GO-12523 is gratefully acknowledged. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 1 AR UNSP 56 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/797/1/56 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AU9LT UT WOS:000345915000056 ER PT J AU Lee, CF Rao, R Ching, TC Lai, SP Hirano, N Ho, PTP Hwang, HC AF Lee, Chin-Fei Rao, Ramprasad Ching, Tao-Chung Lai, Shih-Ping Hirano, Naomi Ho, Paul T. P. Hwang, Hsiang-Chih TI MAGNETIC FIELD STRUCTURE IN THE FLATTENED ENVELOPE AND JET IN THE YOUNG PROTOSTELLAR SYSTEM HH 211 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE ISM: individual objects (HH 211); ISM: magnetic fields; polarization; stars: formation ID STAR-FORMING CORES; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; RADIOFREQUENCY LINES; POLARIZATION; ROTATION; OUTFLOW; DUST; MISALIGNMENT; RESOLUTION; DIRECTION AB HH 211 is a young Class 0 protostellar system with a flattened envelope, a possible rotating disk, and a collimated jet. We have mapped it with the Submillimeter Array in the 341.6 GHz continuum and SiO J = 8-7 at similar to 0 ''.6 resolution. The continuum traces the thermal dust emission in the flattened envelope and the possible disk. Linear polarization is detected in the continuum in the flattened envelope. The field lines implied from the polarization have different orientations, but they are not incompatible with current gravitational collapse models, which predict a different orientation depending on the region/distance. Also, we might have detected for the first time polarized SiO line emission in the jet due to the Goldreich-Kylafis effect. Observations at higher sensitivity are needed to determine the field morphology in the jet. C1 [Lee, Chin-Fei; Rao, Ramprasad; Hirano, Naomi; Ho, Paul T. P.; Hwang, Hsiang-Chih] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Ching, Tao-Chung; Lai, Shih-Ping] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Inst Astron, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. [Ching, Tao-Chung; Lai, Shih-Ping] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan. [Ho, Paul T. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Lee, CF (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 106, Taiwan. EM cflee@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw FU National Science Council of Taiwan [NSC 101-2119-M-001-002-MY3]; Academia Sinica (Career Development Award) FX We thank the anonymous referee for insightful comments. We thank the SMA staff for their efforts in running and maintaining the array. C.-F.L. acknowledges grants from the National Science Council of Taiwan (NSC 101-2119-M-001-002-MY3) and the Academia Sinica (Career Development Award). NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 10 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 1 AR L9 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/797/1/L9 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AU3HU UT WOS:000345504000009 ER PT J AU Reale, F Orlando, S Testa, P Landi, E Schrijver, CJ AF Reale, F. Orlando, S. Testa, P. Landi, E. Schrijver, C. J. TI BRIGHT HOT IMPACTS BY ERUPTED FRAGMENTS FALLING BACK ON THE SUN: UV REDSHIFTS IN STELLAR ACCRETION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; stars: formation; Sun: corona; Sun: UV radiation; Sun: X-rays, gamma rays ID RETURNING PLASMA; ULTRAVIOLET; DYNAMICS; SHOCKS; BLOBS; WIND AB A solar eruption after a flare on 2011 June 7 produced EUV-bright impacts of fallbacks far from the eruption site, observed with the Solar Dynamics Observatory. These impacts can be taken as a template for the impact of stellar accretion flows. Broad redshifted UV lines have been commonly observed in young accreting stars. Here we study the emission from the impacts in the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly's UV channels and compare the inferred velocity distribution to stellar observations. We model the impacts with two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations. We find that the localized UV 1600 angstrom emission and its timing with respect to the EUV emission can be explained by the impact of a cloud of fragments. The first impacts produce strong initial upflows. The following fragments are hit and shocked by these upflows. The UV emission comes mostly from the shocked front shell of the fragments while they are still falling, and is therefore redshifted when observed from above. The EUV emission instead continues from the hot surface layer that is fed by the impacts. Fragmented accretion can therefore explain broad redshifted UV lines (e.g., C iv 1550 angstrom) to speeds around 400 km s(-1) observed in accreting young stellar objects. C1 [Reale, F.] Univ Palermo, Dipartimento Fis & Chim, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Reale, F.; Orlando, S.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Palermo, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Testa, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Landi, E.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Schrijver, C. J.] Lockheed Martin Adv Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. RP Reale, F (reprint author), Univ Palermo, Dipartimento Fis & Chim, Piazza Parlamento 1, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. EM fabio.reale@unipa.it OI Orlando, Salvatore/0000-0003-2836-540X; Reale, Fabio/0000-0002-1820-4824; Schrijver, Carolus/0000-0002-6010-8182 FU italian Ministero dell'Universita e Ricerca; NASA [NNX10AF29G]; Lockheed-Martin to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory [SP02H1701R]; NSF; ASC/Alliance Center for Astrophysical Thermonuclear Flashes at the University of Chicago; INAF/Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo FX F.R. and S.O. acknowledge support from italian Ministero dell'Universita e Ricerca. P.T. was supported by contract SP02H1701R from Lockheed-Martin to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and by NASA grant NNX10AF29G. The work of E.L. is supported by several NASA and NSF grants. The software used in this work was in part developed by the DOE-supported ASC/Alliance Center for Astrophysical Thermonuclear Flashes at the University of Chicago. We acknowledge INAF/Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo for high performance computing resources and support. SDO data supplied courtesy of the SDO/HMI and SOHO/AIA consortia. SDO is the first mission to be launched for NASA's Living With a Star (LWS) Program. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 10 PY 2014 VL 797 IS 1 AR L5 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/797/1/L5 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AU3HU UT WOS:000345504000005 ER PT J AU Young, RE Vecchione, M Braid, HE AF Young, Richard E. Vecchione, Michael Braid, Heather E. TI Mastigotragus, a new generic name for Mastigoteuthis pyrodes Young, 1972 (Cephalopoda: Mastigoteuthidae) SO European Journal of Taxonomy LA English DT Article DE Mastigoteuthidae; morphology; nomenclature; Mastigotragus gen. nov.; deep-sea squid AB A recent paper on the phylogenetic relationships of species within the cephalopod family Mastigoteuthidae meant great progress in stabilizing the classification of the family. The authors, however, left the generic placement of Mastigoteuthis pyrodes unresolved. This problem is corrected here by placing this species in a new monotypic genus, Mastigotragus, based on unique structures of the photophores and the funnel/mantle locking apparatus. C1 [Young, Richard E.] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Vecchione, Michael] Smithsonian Inst, NMFS Natl Systemat Lab, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Braid, Heather E.] Auckland Univ Technol, Inst Appl Ecol New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand. RP Young, RE (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM dickphyllisyoung@gmail.com; vecchiom@si.edu; heather.braid@gmail.com NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU MUSEUM NATL HISTOIRE NATURELLE PI PARIS PA SERVICE PUBLICATIONS SCIENTIFIQUES, 57 RUE CUVIER, 75005 PARIS, FRANCE SN 2118-9773 J9 EUR J TAXON JI Eur. J. Taxon. PD DEC 5 PY 2014 VL 105 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.5852/ejt.2014.105 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CA4WS UT WOS:000348908600001 ER PT J AU Vieira, LM Migotto, AE Winston, JE AF Vieira, Leandro M. Migotto, Alvaro E. Winston, Judith E. TI Ctenostomatous Bryozoa from Sao Paulo, Brazil, with descriptions of twelve new species SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Alcyonidium; bryozoans; Bowerbankia; Ctenostomata; Jebramella; Jebramellidae; new combination; new family; new species; Nolella; Panolicella; Sundanella; taxonomy; Victorella ID ALCYONIDIUM-GELATINOSUM; ATLANTIC; ECTOPROCTS; MORPHOLOGY; IDENTITY; WATERS; GENUS; COAST AB This paper describes 21 ctenostomatous bryozoans from the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, based on specimens observed in vivo. A new family, Jebramellidae n. fam., is erected for a newly described genus and species, Jebramella angusta n. gen. et sp. Eleven other species are described as new: Alcyonidium exiguum n. sp., Alcyonidium pulvinatum n. sp., Alcyonidium torquatum n. sp., Alcyonidium vitreum n. sp., Bowerbankia ernsti n. sp., Bowerbankia evelinae n. sp., Bowerbankia mobilis n. sp., Nolella elizae n. sp., Panolicella brasiliensis n. sp., Sundanella rosea n. sp., Victorella araceae n. sp. Taxonomic and ecological notes are also included for nine previously described species: Aeverrillia setigera (Hincks, 1887), Alcyonidium hauffi Marcus, 1939, Alcyonidium polypylum Marcus, 1941, Anguinella palmata van Beneden, 1845, Arachnoidella evelinae (Marcus, 1937), Bantariella firmata (Marcus, 1938) n. comb., Nolella sawayai Marcus, 1938, Nolella stipata Gosse, 1855 and Zoobotryon verticillatum (delle Chiaje, 1822). C1 [Vieira, Leandro M.] Univ Fed Pernambuco, Ctr Ciencias Biol, Dept Zool, BR-50670901 Recife, PE, Brazil. [Vieira, Leandro M.; Migotto, Alvaro E.] Univ Sao Paulo, Ctr Biol Marinha, BR-11600000 Sao Sebastiao, SP, Brazil. [Winston, Judith E.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. RP Vieira, LM (reprint author), Univ Fed Pernambuco, Ctr Ciencias Biol, Dept Zool, BR-50670901 Recife, PE, Brazil. EM leandromanzoni@hotmail.com; aemigott@usp.br; judithewinston@gmail.com RI Vieira, Leandro/B-7712-2011; Migotto, Alvaro/D-3748-2011; OI Migotto, Alvaro/0000-0003-3887-1947; Manzoni Vieira, Leandro/0000-0001-8661-8861 FU state of Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) within the BIOTA/FAPESP-Virtual Institute of Biodiversity Program; BIOTA/FAPESP-Araca [1998/07090-3, 2011/50317-5]; CNPq [474605/2013-2, 306568/2009-8]; FAPESP [2006/05141-8, 2008/10619-0, 2012/24285-1, 2008/10624-3, 2012/10413-8] FX We are grateful to Bruno Sayao de Aguiar, Eduardo Honuma, Fabio Lang da Silveira, Fosca Pedini Pereira Leite, Gustavo Muniz Dias, Joseilto Medeiros de Oliveira, Joseph Marie Etienne Van Sebroeck (in memoriam), Karin Hoch Fehlauer-Ale and Karine Bianca Nascimento for assistance during fieldwork and collection of specimens. We thank Dennis P. Gordon, Joanne Porter and Mary Spencer Jones for useful comments and comparison with other specimens. Logistical support was provided for L.M. Vieira by the Natural History Museum, London (U.K.). Andrea Waeschenbach, Javier Souto, Karin Hoch Fehlauer-Ale and Oscar Reverter Gil provided unpublished data for additional comparison of some ctenostomatous bryozoans, to help distinguish the Alcyonidium and Bowerbankia species. Javier Souto provided comments to improve the manuscript. This work was partially supported by the state of Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) within the BIOTA/FAPESP-Virtual Institute of Biodiversity Program (www.biota.org.br) and BIOTA/FAPESP-Araca (grants # 1998/07090-3 and 2011/50317-5 to A.C.Z. Amaral). Additional funding was provided by CNPq (474605/2013-2) and FAPESP (Proc.no 2006/05141-8; 2008/10619-0; 2012/24285-1) to Leandro M. Vieira, and CNPq (306568/2009-8) and FAPESP (Proc.no 2008/10624-3; 2012/10413-8) to Alvaro E. Migotto. This is a contribution of the NP-BioMar, USP and Contribution No. 959 from the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce. NR 87 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 3 PY 2014 VL 3889 IS 4 BP 485 EP 524 PG 40 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AX1ZY UT WOS:000346744100002 PM 25544281 ER PT J AU Davidson, TM De Rivera, CE Hsieh, HL AF Davidson, Timothy M. De Rivera, Catherine E. Hsieh, Hwey-Lian TI Damage and alteration of mangroves inhabited by a marine wood-borer SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Habitat alteration; Mangrove; Plant-animal interactions; Sphaeroma terebrans; Sub-lethal stress ID ROOT-BORING ISOPOD; RED MANGROVE; RHIZOPHORA-MANGLE; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; SPHAEROMA-TEREBRANS; FORESTS; DEFOLIATION; HERBIVORY; GROWTH; FAUNA AB Animals can exert a strong influence on the structure and function of foundation species such as mangroves. Because mangroves live at the interface of land and sea, both terrestrial and marine species affect them, including numerous herbivores and boring species. These organisms can affect the fecundity, performance, and morphology of mangroves. In a mangrove stand in southwestern Taiwan, we discovered that mangroves were extensively damaged by wood-boring isopods Sphaeroma terebrans. We examined the relationships between burrowing damage from S. terebrans and metrics of mangrove fecundity, performance, and morphology. Individuals of Rhizophora stylosa that were more burrowed by isopods had significantly fewer propagules, fewer ground roots stabilizing the tree, smaller leaves, and more non-foliated twigs. Similarly, Avicennia marina with more burrows had fewer pneumatophores and lenticels (used for gaseous exchange), and pneumatophores with more necrotic tissue. The most heavily damaged trees were hollowed-out with burrows (A. marina) or fell over when their supportive root system failed (R. stylosa). These correlations suggest that marine wood-borers can negatively influence mangroves and alter tree morphology, although other stressors may also be involved. While studies have examined the effects of isopods on root-level production, we provide the first quantitative evidence that localized burrowing damage is correlated with tree-level effects. These results are consistent with other literature demonstrating the importance of sub-lethal damage by borers in shaping foundation species. Such damage may have cascading effects on the diverse assemblages of marine and terrestrial biota that use mangroves as habitat. C1 [Davidson, Timothy M.; De Rivera, Catherine E.] Portland State Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Management, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Hsieh, Hwey-Lian] Acad Sinica, Biodivers Res Ctr, Taipei 115, Taiwan. RP Davidson, TM (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM davidsont@si.edu FU National Science Foundation East Asia and South Pacific Summer Institute fellowship program in Taiwan [OISE-101514]; Taiwan National Science Council [NSC-99-2911-I-007-014] FX We thank C.P. Chen, (Hsiao-Hang (Stacy) Tao, Joe Huang, and the rest of the Hsieh and Chen laboratories for logistical and field support. Ernie Estevez and anonymous reviewers greatly improved previous versions of this manuscript. Heejun Chang, Elise Granek, Gregory Ruiz, and Mark Sytsma provided helpful advice. The staff of the Summer Institute in Taiwan and Academia Sinica provided key logistical support. We are grateful for the funding provided by the National Science Foundation East Asia and South Pacific Summer Institute fellowship program in Taiwan (OISE-101514 to T.M.D.) and the Taiwan National Science Council (NSC-99-2911-I-007-014). NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 37 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 EI 1616-1599 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD DEC 3 PY 2014 VL 516 BP 177 EP 185 DI 10.3354/meps11046 PG 9 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA AW7BH UT WOS:000346418900014 ER PT J AU Powell, LL Stouffer, PC AF Powell, Luke L. Stouffer, Philip C. TI Experimental translocations: pitfalls and alternatives for quantifying animal movement in fragmented landscapes SO REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ORNITOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Capture-Mark-Recapture; connectivity; dispersal; landscape genetics; telemetry; translocation experiment ID TROPICAL FOREST BIRDS; TOAD BUFO-CALAMITA; NATTERJACK TOAD; RAIN-FOREST; FUNCTIONAL CONNECTIVITY; BREEDING DISPERSAL; HABITAT USE; GENETICS; SURVIVAL; DISTANCE AB As anthropogenic change continues to fragment terrestrial habitats, conservation biologists are increasingly concerned with how wild animals move through fragmented landscapes. Experimental translocations have recently gained popularity as a technique to determine landscape permeability by wild animals in fragmented landscapes. In experimental translocations, researchers capture individuals - usually adults - and release them elsewhere in order to determine whether they are able to cross the landscape and return to their original location. We argue that most experimental translocations have two inherent confounding factors - age of the individual and homing ability - and that the narrow spatiotemporal scale of the technique may give it limited ability to address the most important conservation and management questions in fragmented landscapes. We discuss three alternative techniques (telemetry, capture-mark-recapture, and landscape genetics), and recommend that experimental translocations only be undertaken if: 1) they avoid confounding factors; 2) they are validated by other techniques; and 3) no other options are available for obtaining the data. We stress that researchers that do proceed with experimental translocations must acknowledge that they are using an indirect proxy to quantify natural animal movement. C1 [Powell, Luke L.; Stouffer, Philip C.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, RNR 227, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Powell, Luke L.; Stouffer, Philip C.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Powell, Luke L.; Stouffer, Philip C.] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Biol Dynam Forest Fragments Project, BR-69011097 Manaus, AM, Brazil. RP Powell, LL (reprint author), Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM Luke.L.Powell@gmail.com NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 28 PU SOC BRASILEIRA ORNITOLOGIA PI VICOSA PA C/O ROMULO RIBON, MUSEU ZOOLOGIA JOAO MOOJEN, LADEIRA DOS OPERARIOS 54-204, VICOSA, MG 36570-000, BRAZIL SN 0103-5657 J9 REV BRAS ORNITOL JI Rev. Bras. Ornitol. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 22 IS 4 BP 311 EP 316 PG 6 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA CB4YB UT WOS:000349633300001 ER PT J AU Ding, QL Labandeira, CC Hen, D AF Ding, Qiaoling Labandeira, Conrad C. Hen, Dong TI Biology of a leaf miner (Coleoptera) on Liaoningocladus boii (Coniferales) from the Early Cretaceous of northeastern China and the leaf-mining biology of possible insect culprit clades SO ARTHROPOD SYSTEMATICS & PHYLOGENY LA English DT Article DE Buprestidae; conifer; damage-type suite; Dawangzhangzi; external foliage feeding; Fossafolia; host-specialist; leaf mining; oviposition ID JEWEL BEETLES COLEOPTERA; BRACHYS-TESSELLATUS COLEOPTERA; HOST-PLANT ASSOCIATIONS; YIXIAN FORMATION; INNER-MONGOLIA; WEEVILS COLEOPTERA; NORTH-AMERICA; FOSSIL RECORD; SCRUB OAK; BUPRESTIDAE AB Specimens of the broad-leaved conifer, Liaoningocladus boii Sun, Zheng & Mei 2000 were evaluated from the mid Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation occurring overwhelmingly at Dawangzhangzi, Liaoning Province, NE China. Arthropod-mediated plant damage types (DTs) were categorized for 343 specimens of this host; one of these DTs represented a distinctive leaf-mine, DT280, established as Fossafolia offae Ding, Labandeira & Ren, ichnogen. et ichnosp. nov. A comparison of DT280 to analogous modem leaf mines was based on: (1) leaf-mine features observed in modem leaf mines; (2) likelihood of a particular leaf-mine culprit lineage being present, given phylogenetic evidence; and (3) body fossils of the candidate culprit occurring in the same or a spatiotemporally proximal deposit. Evidence from these three and other sources of information indicate the most likely miner of F. offae was an extinct species of Buprestidae (Coleoptera), perhaps similar to modem leaf-mining tribe Trachyini. Much less likely affiliations were Mordellidae, Chrysomelidae and Curculionoidea. Fossafolia offae leaf mines were produced by a larva that consisted of four instars, engaged in full-depth tissue feeding, partitioned into a linear, earlier-phase mine with a distinctive frass trail and a more blotch-like, later-phase mine. Adults of this leaf miner likely fed on L. boil, producing linear patches of intercostal window feeding, assigned to DT103, or less likely, may have been a pollinator. The adult female likely laid eggs singly into leaf tissues between adjacent major veins, resulting in DT101 ovipositional damage. This study provides for the use of multiple damage-types to document life-history feeding traits for a single herbivore species. Consequently, we introduce the damage-type suite concept to refer to two or more different damage types genetically linked to the same culprit herbivore that issue from different developmental stages (larvae, adult), or are produced by different tissue-penetrating insect organs (ovipositors, mouthparts). In addition, we provide a basis for using three types of general evidence necessary to elucidate identification of the culprit. C1 [Ding, Qiaoling; Labandeira, Conrad C.; Hen, Dong] Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. [Ding, Qiaoling] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Univ Maryland, BEES Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Labandeira, CC (reprint author), Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. EM qlding@126.com; labandec@si.edu; rendong@mail.cnu.edu.cn FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2012CB821906]; National Science Foundation of China [31230065, 41272006]; Beijing Municipal Commission of Education [KZ201310028033]; Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University [IRT13081] FX Many thanks go to David Kenfack (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama), Don Davis (NMNH, Entomology), Alexander Konstantinov (USDA, Systematic Entomology Laboratory), Sun Ge (Shengyang Normal University), Sandra Schachat (NMNH, Paleobiology), Yali Yu (Sun Yat-Sen University) and Qiang Yang (Geoscience Museum, Shijiazhuang University of Economics) for helpful advice and commentary. We are appreciative of the assistance provided by Martha Rosen and Polly Lasker from the NMNH Main Library and Richard Greene from the NMNH Entomology Library. Finnegan Marsh adeptly produced Figures 3 and 7. This research is supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (grant 2012CB821906), the National Science Foundation of China (grants 31230065, 41272006), Great Wall Scholar and KEY Project of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education (grant KZ201310028033) and the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (grant IRT13081). This report benefited greatly from the comments of two reviewers and the editor. This is contribution 165 of the Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems consortium at the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C., U.S.A. NR 246 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU SENCKENBERG NATURHISTORISCHE SAMMLUNGEN DRESDEN, MUSEUM TIERKUNDE PI DRESDEN PA KOENIGSBRUECKER LANDSTRASSE 159, DRESDEN, 00000, GERMANY SN 1863-7221 EI 1864-8312 J9 ARTHROPOD SYST PHYLO JI Arthropod. Syst. Phylogeny PD DEC PY 2014 VL 72 IS 3 BP 281 EP 308 PG 28 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CA6VY UT WOS:000349055100004 ER PT J AU Gaillou, E Post, JE Byrne, KS Butler, JE AF Gaillou, Eloise Post, Jeffrey E. Byrne, Keal S. Butler, James E. TI STUDY OF THE BLUE MOON DIAMOND SO GEMS & GEMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE TREATMENT; HIGH-PRESSURE; PHOSPHORESCENCE; HOPE AB The Blue Moon diamond, discovered in January 2014 at the historic Cullinan mine in South Africa, is of significance from both trade and scientific perspectives. The 29.62 ct rough yielded a 12.03 ct Fancy Vivid blue, Internally Flawless gem. The authors were provided the opportunity to study this rare diamond at the Smithsonian Institution before it went on exhibit at the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. Infrared spectroscopy revealed that the amount of uncompensated boron in the diamond was 0.26 +/- 0.04 ppm, consistent with measurements of several large type IIb blue diamonds previously studied. After exposure to short-wave ultraviolet light, the Blue Moon displayed orange-red phosphorescence that remained visible for up to 20 seconds. This observation was surprising, as orange-red phosphorescence is typically associated with diamonds of Indian origin, such as the Hope and the Wittelsbach-Graff. Time-resolved phosphorescence spectra exhibited peaks at 660 and 500 nm, typical for natural type II blue diamonds. As with most natural diamonds, the Blue Moon showed strain-induced birefringence. C1 [Gaillou, Eloise] MINES ParisTech, Sch Mines, Paris, France. [Gaillou, Eloise] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Gaillou, Eloise] Nat Hist Museum Los Angeles Cty, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Post, Jeffrey E.] Natl Gem & Mineral Collect, Washington, DC USA. [Byrne, Keal S.; Butler, James E.] Smithsonians Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC USA. [Butler, James E.] Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. RP Gaillou, E (reprint author), MINES ParisTech, Sch Mines, Paris, France. EM eloise.gaillou@gmail.com RI Butler, James/B-7965-2008; Gaillou, Eloise/D-1753-2009 OI Butler, James/0000-0002-4794-7176; Gaillou, Eloise/0000-0002-7949-268X NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 14 PU GEMOLOGICAL INST AMER PI CARLSBAD PA 5345 ARMADA DR, CARLSBAD, CA 92008 USA SN 0016-626X J9 GEMS GEMOL JI Gems Gemol. PD WIN PY 2014 VL 50 IS 4 BP 280 EP 286 DI 10.5741/GEMS.50.4.280 PG 7 WC Mineralogy SC Mineralogy GA CA0RF UT WOS:000348623600004 ER PT J AU Fox, RJ Fisher, TR Gustafson, AB Jordan, TE Kana, TM Lang, MW AF Fox, R. J. Fisher, T. R. Gustafson, A. B. Jordan, T. E. Kana, T. M. Lang, M. W. TI Searching for the missing nitrogen: biogenic nitrogen gases in groundwater and streams SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COASTAL-PLAIN WATERSHEDS; CHOPTANK RIVER-BASIN; CHESAPEAKE BAY; NORTHEASTERN USA; UNITED-STATES; DENITRIFICATION; NITRATE; FLUXES; EXPORT; ECOSYSTEMS AB Biogenic nitrogen (N-2) and nitrous oxide (N2O ) accumulations were measured in groundwater, streams and the vadose zone of small agricultural watersheds in the Mid-Atlantic USA. In general, N-2 and N2O in excess of atmospheric equilibrium were found in groundwater virtually everywhere that was sampled. Excess N-2 in groundwater ranged from undetectable to 616 mu mol N-2-N/l, the latter representing c. 50% of background N-2. The N2O-N concentrations varied from undetectable to 75 mu M, and usually greatly exceeded values at atmospheric equilibrium (25-30 nM); however, N2O was generally 1-10% of excess N-2. Intermediate levels of deficit and excess N-2 in flowing streams (-65 to +250 mu mol N-2-N/L) resulting from both abiotic and biotic processes were also measured. In vadose zone gases, multiple N-2/Ar gas profiles were measured which exhibited seasonal variations with below atmospheric values when the soil was warming in spring/summer and above atmospheric values when groundwater was cooling in fall/winter. Both abiotic and biotic processes contributed to the excess N-2 and N2O that was observed. The current data indicate that large concentrations of excess N gases can accumulate within soil, groundwater, and streams of agriculturally dominated watersheds. When excess N gases are exchanged with the atmosphere, the net fluxes to the atmosphere may represent an important loss term for watershed N budgets. C1 [Fox, R. J.; Fisher, T. R.; Gustafson, A. B.; Kana, T. M.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Horn Point Lab, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA. [Jordan, T. E.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Lang, M. W.] USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Fox, RJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Horn Point Lab, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA. EM rfox@umces.edu FU USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (CSREES) [2005-35102-16299, 2008-51130-04898]; NSF Ecosystem Studies Programme [DEB-091981 ARRA, DEB-091941 ARRA, DEB-1252923]; Washington D.C. Explorers Club for Exploration and Field Research; University of Maryland Graduate Student Summer Research Fellowship; Horn Point Laboratory Education Fund FX We thank Joe Miklas, Alley Bullock, Nancy Goff, Katie Bentley, Lindsay Tempinson, Shadaesha Greene and Whitley Gilbert for collection of stream and groundwater samples. We also thank Dana Brenner, Karen Knee and John Gardner for additional laboratory and field support. Dana Bunnell-Young created Fig. 2. Financial support was provided by the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (CSREES, 2005-35102-16299 to TRF, 2008-51130-04898 to TRF) and NSF Ecosystem Studies Programme (DEB-091981 ARRA to TRF, DEB-091941 ARRA to TEJ and DEB-1252923 to TRF and RJF). RJF was additionally funded by a grant from the Washington D.C. Explorers Club for Exploration and Field Research, the University of Maryland Graduate Student Summer Research Fellowship and the Horn Point Laboratory Education Fund. This is University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science contribution number 4871. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0021-8596 EI 1469-5146 J9 J AGR SCI-CAMBRIDGE JI J. Agric. Sci. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 152 SU 1 SI SI BP S96 EP S106 DI 10.1017/S0021859614000070 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA AY6ZI UT WOS:000347710700011 ER PT J AU Daubar, IJ Atwood-Stone, C Byrne, S McEwen, AS Russell, PS AF Daubar, Ingrid J. Atwood-Stone, C. Byrne, S. McEwen, A. S. Russell, P. S. TI The morphology of small fresh craters on Mars and the Moon SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article DE craters; Mars; Moon; depth; diameter ID SMALL IMPACT CRATERS; SOLAR-SYSTEM; CONSTRAINTS; AGE; MORPHOMETRY; DISRUPTION; RESOLUTION; DEPOSITS; EJECTA; SIZE AB The depth/diameter ratio for new meter- to decameter-scale Martian craters formed in the last 20years averages 0.23, only slightly deeper than that expected for simple primary craters on rocky surfaces. Large variations in depth/diameter (d/D) between impact sites indicate that differences between the sites such as target material properties, impact velocity, angle, and physical state of the bolide(s) are important in determining the depth of small craters in the strength regime. On the Moon, the d/D of random fresh small craters with similar diameters averages only 0.10, indicating that either the majority of them are unrecognized secondaries or some proportion are degraded primaries. Older craters such as these may be shallower due to erosional infilling, which is probably not linear over time but more effective over recently disturbed and steeper surfaces, processes that are not yet acting on the new Martian craters. Brand new meter- to decameter-scale craters such as the Martian ones studied here are statistically easily distinguishable as primaries, but the origins of older craters of the same size, such as the lunar ones in this study, are ambiguous. C1 [Daubar, Ingrid J.; Atwood-Stone, C.; Byrne, S.; McEwen, A. S.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Russell, P. S.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Daubar, IJ (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM ingrid@lpl.arizona.edu FU NASA FX We thank the HiRISE operations staff for acquiring the many excellent images used in this study. Thanks to Sarah Mattson and Aaron Kilgallon for producing high-quality DTMs from those data, and to Thanh Tran and Kyle Burns for the LROC NAC DTMs. Sarah Mattson and Rod Heyd were very helpful in answering questions about HiRISE data. Matthew Golombek's comments enhanced this manuscript. Olivier Barnouin kindly helped clarify his correction to the shadow measurement technique and provided a very helpful review along with Robert Herrick, both of whose feedback greatly improved this paper. We also thank JGR Editor Gareth Collins for his valuable suggestions. All LROC and HiRISE data used in this paper are publicly available on the Planetary Data System (http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/). This work was funded by the NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter projects. NR 73 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9097 EI 2169-9100 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD DEC PY 2014 VL 119 IS 12 BP 2620 EP 2639 DI 10.1002/2014JE004671 PG 20 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AZ8GJ UT WOS:000348453000012 ER PT J AU Brounce, MN Kelley, KA Cottrell, E AF Brounce, M. N. Kelley, K. A. Cottrell, E. TI Variations in Fe3+/Sigma Fe of Mariana Arc Basalts and Mantle Wedge fO(2) SO JOURNAL OF PETROLOGY LA English DT Article DE differentiation; Mariana arc; melt inclusions; oxygen fugacity; redox; subduction ID SUBDUCTION ZONE MAGMATISM; HOSTED MELT INCLUSIONS; OXIDATION-STATE; OXYGEN FUGACITY; OCEANIC-CRUST; REDOX STATES; BACK-ARC; MIDOCEAN RIDGE; ISLAND-ARC; SULFIDE SATURATION AB Arc basalts are more oxidized than mid-ocean ridge basalts, but it is unclear whether this difference is due to differentiation processes in the Earth's crust or to a fundamental difference in the oxygen fugacity of their mantle sources. Distinguishing between these two hypotheses is important for understanding redox-sensitive processes related to arc magmatism, and thus more broadly how Earth materials cycle globally. We present major, volatile, and trace element concentrations in combination with Fe3+/Sigma Fe ratios determined in olivine-hosted glass inclusions and submarine glasses from five Mariana arc volcanoes and two regions of the Mariana Trough. For single eruptions, Fe3+/Sigma Fe ratios vary along liquid lines of descent that are either slightly oxidizing (olivine+clinopyroxene+plagioclase fractionation, CO2 +/- H2O degassing) or reducing (olivine+clinopyroxene+plagioclase +/- magnetite fractionation, CO2+H2O+S degassing). Mariana samples are consistent with a global relationship between calc-alkaline affinity and both magmatic H2O and magmatic oxygen fugacity, where wetter, higher oxygen fugacity magmas display greater affinity for calc-alkaline differentiation. We find, however, that low-pressure differentiation cannot explain the majority of variations observed in Fe3+/Sigma Fe ratios for Mariana arc basalts, requiring primary differences in magmatic oxygen fugacity. Calculated oxygen fugacities of primary mantle melts at the pressures and temperatures of melt segregation are significantly oxidized relative to mid-ocean ridge basalts (similar to QFM, where QFM is quartz-fayalite-magnetite buffer), ranging from QFM+1.0 to QFM+1.6 for Mariana arc basalts, whereas backarc related samples record primary oxygen fugacities that range from QFM+0.1 to QFM+0.5. This Mariana arc sample suite includes a diversity of subduction influences, from lesser influence of a homogeneous H2O-rich component in the back-arc, to sediment melt-and fluid-dominated influences along the arc. Primary melt oxygen fugacity does not correlate significantly with sediment melt contributions (e.g. Th/La), nor can it be attributed to previous melt extraction in the back-arc. Primary melt oxygen fugacity correlates strongly with indices of slab fluids (e.g. Ba/La) from the Mariana Trough through the Mariana arc, increasing by 1.5 orders of magnitude as Ba/La increases by a factor of 10 relative to mid-ocean ridge basalts. These results suggest that contributions from the slab to the mantle wedge may be responsible for the elevated oxygen fugacity recorded by Mariana arc basalts and that slab fluids are potentially very oxidized. C1 [Brounce, M. N.; Kelley, K. A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Brounce, M. N.; Cottrell, E.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Brounce, M. N.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Brounce, MN (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Narragansett Bay Campus, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. EM mbrounce@gps.caltech.edu FU US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886]; Smithsonian's Scholarly Studies Program; NSF [MARGINS-EAR-0841108, OCE-0961559, MARGINS-EAR-0841006, OCE-1258771] FX Access to the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory was supported by the US Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. We acknowledge support from Smithsonian's Scholarly Studies Program (E.C.), NSF MARGINS-EAR-0841108 (K.A.K.), NSF OCE-0961559 (K.A.K.), and NSF MARGINS-EAR-0841006 (E. C.). NSF OCE-1258771 provides curatorial support for geological samples at the University of Rhode Island. NR 113 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 11 U2 54 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-3530 EI 1460-2415 J9 J PETROL JI J. Petrol. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 55 IS 12 BP 2513 EP 2536 DI 10.1093/petrology/egu065 PG 24 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AZ2IA UT WOS:000348056300008 ER PT J AU Gibling, MR Davies, NS Falcon-Lang, HJ Bashforth, AR DiMichele, WA Rygel, MC Ielpi, A AF Gibling, M. R. Davies, N. S. Falcon-Lang, H. J. Bashforth, A. R. DiMichele, W. A. Rygel, M. C. Ielpi, A. TI Palaeozoic co-evolution of rivers and vegetation: a synthesis of current knowledge SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Braided; Meandering; Anabranching; Blackwater; Riparian; Ecospace ID PERMIAN-TRIASSIC BOUNDARY; ANGLO-WELSH BASIN; LAND PLANTS; NOVA-SCOTIA; NEW-BRUNSWICK; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FACIES MODEL; SOUTH-AFRICA; KAROO BASIN; CAMPBELLTON FORMATION AB As vegetation evolved during the Palaeozoic Era, terrestrial landscapes were substantially transformed, especially during the 120 million year interval from the Devonian through the Carboniferous. Early Palaeozoic river systems were of sheet-braided style - broad, shallow, sandbed rivers with non-cohesive and readily eroded banks. Under the influence of evolving roots and trees that stabilised banks and added large woody debris to channels, a range of new fluvial planform and architectural styles came to prominence, including channelled- and island-braided systems, meandering and anabranching systems, and stable muddy floodplains. River systems co-evolved with plants and animals, generating new ecospace that we infer would have promoted biological evolution. By the end of the Carboniferous, most landforms characteristic of modern fluvial systems were in existence. (C) 2013 The Geologists' Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gibling, M. R.; Ielpi, A.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Davies, N. S.] Univ Ghent, Dept Geol & Soil Sci, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Falcon-Lang, H. J.] Univ London, Dept Earth Sci, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. [Bashforth, A. R.; DiMichele, W. A.] NMNH Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Rygel, M. C.] SUNY Coll Potsdam, Dept Geol, Potsdam, NY 13676 USA. RP Gibling, MR (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. EM mgibling@dal.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX We are grateful to the Geologists' Association and The Devonshire Association for an invitation to present these results at a conference in Exeter, U.K. in 2012, and particularly thank David Bridgland, Jenny Bennett and Sarah Stafford for organising the conference. Two anonymous reviewers made suggestions that greatly improved the manuscript. The research was funded mainly from a Discovery Grant to MRG from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. We thank many colleagues for discussion and insights, especially Chris Berry, Luis Buatois, Blaine Cecil, Bob Gastaldo, Pat Gensel, Steve Greb, Gerald Nanson, and Bill Stein. NR 170 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 9 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0016-7878 J9 P GEOLOGIST ASSOC JI Proc. Geol. Assoc. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 125 IS 5-6 SI SI BP 524 EP 533 DI 10.1016/j.pgeola.2013.12.003 PG 10 WC Geology; Paleontology SC Geology; Paleontology GA AY5CR UT WOS:000347591400003 ER PT J AU Mathis, WN Marinoni, L Costa, DNR AF Mathis, Wayne N. Marinoni, Luciane Costa, Daniel N. R. TI A review of Scatellini (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Brazil SO ZOOLOGIA LA English DT Review DE Neotropical Region; shore flies; taxonomy AB Scatellini was proposed by Wirth & Stone, 1956 and currently includes 242 described species in nine genera. The tribe has representatives in all biogeographic regions and about 70 species occur in the Neotropical Region. Prior to this study, only two species were recorded from Brazil: Scatella obscura and Limnellia itatiaia. In this paper, species of Scatellini from Brazil are reviewed with an emphasis on the fauna from southern Brazil, where six new species have been discovered and are described herein: Scatella praia, S. plaumanni, S. rara, Scatophila darrowae, S. dianneae, and S. prainha. To facilitate identification of the tribe and included genera and species, we have included diagnoses of these taxa and have also provided an annotated key to the Neotropical genera in Scatellini. We have also provided illustrations of structures of the male terminalia of all included species of the genus Scatophila. C1 [Mathis, Wayne N.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Marinoni, Luciane; Costa, Daniel N. R.] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. RP Mathis, WN (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, NHB 169,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM mathisw@si.edu; lmarinoni@ufpr.br; negosekidan@ufpr.br RI Marinoni, Luciane /C-5720-2013 FU CNPq [401609/2009-0] FX Field work in Brazil (December 2009-June 2010) that resulted in the vast majority of specimens studied in this paper was supported by a grant from CNPq (Visiting Researcher/Process number 401609/2009-0), which we gratefully acknowledge and thank. We thank Dianne Mathis for helping with all aspects of the production of this paper, especially the field work in Brazil. We also thank A. Bernardo Carvalho and his lab (Elisa, Monica, Susana) for hosting us while conducting field work along the coast of Sao Paulo. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC BRASILEIRA ZOOLOGIA, UNIV FEDERAL PARANA PI CURITIBA PA CAIXA POSTAL 19020, CURITIBA, PARANA 81531-980, BRAZIL SN 1984-4670 J9 ZOOLOGIA-CURITIBA JI Zoologia PD DEC PY 2014 VL 31 IS 6 BP 561 EP 576 DI 10.1590/S1984-46702014000600005 PG 16 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AZ8FL UT WOS:000348450300005 ER PT J AU Pritchard, HW Moat, JF Ferraz, JBS Marks, TR Camargo, JLC Nadarajan, J Ferraz, IDK AF Pritchard, Hugh W. Moat, Justin F. Ferraz, Joao B. S. Marks, Timothy R. Camargo, Jose Luis C. Nadarajan, Jayanthi Ferraz, Isolde D. K. TI Innovative approaches to the preservation of forest trees SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Embryo; Cryopreservation; Longevity; Tree seeds; Geographic Information System; Red List species ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; SEED STORAGE BEHAVIOR; DESICCATION TOLERANCE; RECALCITRANT SEEDS; RAIN-FOREST; EMBRYONIC AXES; WATER-CONTENT; SHOOT-TIPS; CRYOPRESERVATION AB The recent acceleration of actions to conserve plant species using ex situ and in situ strategies has revealed the need to understand how these two approaches might be better developed and integrated in their application to tree species. Here we review some of the recent successes relating mainly to tree seed biology that have resulted in the development and application of innovative actions across five areas: (i) the expansion of living collections to conserve threatened tree species in sufficient numbers to ensure a broad genetic diversity in their progeny; (ii) the generation of viability constants to enable estimates to be made of storage longevity of tree seeds in the dry state; (iii) improvement in the diagnosis of tree seed storage behaviour through the development of predictive models, reliable prognoses of desiccation tolerance and use of botanical information systems, such as GIS, to correlate information on species distribution and their physiological characteristics; (iv) advances in storage preservation biotechnology to enhance the future application of cryopreservation procedures to recalcitrant species in biodiversity hot-spots where many are under threat of extinction; and (v) integration of ex situ and in situ conservation approaches to ensure that best practice in horticultural and forestry are combined to maintain or enhance genetic diversity, especially in high value species and those with small and vulnerable populations. These actions can lead to greater impact if supported by greater efforts to create seed banks and to collate data-bases world-wide so that data, knowledge and collections are more available to the scientific, forestry and NGO communities. Throughout this review we have used examples from the mega-biodiversity countries of Brazil and China, as a way of illustrating wider principles that can be applied in many countries. Future development of current research approaches, the adherence to conservation policy and the expanding needs for education are also considered briefly. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pritchard, Hugh W.; Moat, Justin F.; Marks, Timothy R.; Nadarajan, Jayanthi] Royal Bot Gardens, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Ferraz, Joao B. S.; Ferraz, Isolde D. K.] Natl Inst Amazonian Res INPA, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Camargo, Jose Luis C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, INPA, Biol Dynam Forest Fragments Project, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. RP Pritchard, HW (reprint author), Royal Bot Gardens, Kew & Wakehurst Pl, Sydney, NSW, Australia. EM h.pritchard@kew.org RI Camargo, Jose Luis/C-3137-2015 NR 92 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 11 U2 71 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD DEC 1 PY 2014 VL 333 SI SI BP 88 EP 98 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.08.012 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AY6FZ UT WOS:000347663900008 ER PT J AU Sjogersten, S Black, CR Evers, S Hoyos-Santillan, J Wright, EL Turner, BL AF Sjoegersten, Sofie Black, Colin R. Evers, Stephanie Hoyos-Santillan, Jorge Wright, Emma L. Turner, Benjamin L. TI Tropical wetlands: A missing link in the global carbon cycle? SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES LA English DT Article DE carbon dioxide; decomposition; methane; net primary productivity; tropical; wetland ID PEAT SWAMP FOREST; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; GREENHOUSE-GAS FLUXES; FRESH-WATER WETLANDS; METHANE EMISSIONS; ORGANIC-CARBON; SOIL RESPIRATION; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; NEOTROPICAL PEATLAND; SPATIAL VARIABILITY AB Tropical wetlands are not included in Earth system models, despite being an important source of methane (CH4) and contributing a large fraction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from land use, land use change, and forestry in the tropics. This review identifies a remarkable lack of data on the carbon balance and gas fluxes from undisturbed tropical wetlands, which limits the ability of global change models to make accurate predictions about future climate. We show that the available data on in situ carbon gas fluxes in undisturbed forested tropical wetlands indicate marked spatial and temporal variability in CO2 and CH4 emissions, with exceptionally large fluxes in Southeast Asia and the Neotropics. By upscaling short-term measurements, we calculate that approximately 9077 Tg CH4 year(-1) and 45401480 Tg CO2 year(-1) are released from tropical wetlands globally. CH4 fluxes are greater from mineral than organic soils, whereas CO2 fluxes do not differ between soil types. The high CO2 and CH4 emissions are mirrored by high rates of net primary productivity and litter decay. Net ecosystem productivity was estimated to be greater in peat-forming wetlands than on mineral soils, but the available data are insufficient to construct reliable carbon balances or estimate gas fluxes at regional scales. We conclude that there is an urgent need for systematic data on carbon dynamics in tropical wetlands to provide a robust understanding of how they differ from well-studied northern wetlands and allow incorporation of tropical wetlands into global climate change models. C1 [Sjoegersten, Sofie; Black, Colin R.; Hoyos-Santillan, Jorge; Wright, Emma L.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Biosci, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Evers, Stephanie] Univ Nottingham, Sch Biosci, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Turner, Benjamin L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Sjogersten, S (reprint author), Univ Nottingham, Sch Biosci, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. EM Sofie.Sjogersten@nottingham.ac.uk RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011; OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722; Hoyos, Jorge/0000-0001-6295-9485 FU University of Nottingham New Investigator grant; UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council; CONACYT, Mexico FX The project was supported by a University of Nottingham New Investigator grant. Emma Wright received a PhD scholarship from the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council. Jorge Hoyos received funding for a PhD scholarship from CONACYT, Mexico. The data used for this literature review are available in the published literature. NR 131 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 18 U2 104 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0886-6236 EI 1944-9224 J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle PD DEC PY 2014 VL 28 IS 12 BP 1371 EP 1386 DI 10.1002/2014GB004844 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AZ3DY UT WOS:000348109100001 ER PT J AU Gingerich, O AF Gingerich, Owen TI Discovery and Classification in Astronomy: Controversy and Consensus SO ISIS LA English DT Book Review C1 [Gingerich, Owen] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Gingerich, O (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0021-1753 EI 1545-6994 J9 ISIS JI Isis PD DEC PY 2014 VL 105 IS 4 BP 864 EP 865 DI 10.1086/680296 PG 4 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA AY4CL UT WOS:000347525700049 ER PT J AU Archer, W Braun, DR Harris, JWK McCoy, JT Richmond, BG AF Archer, Will Braun, David R. Harris, Jack W. K. McCoy, Jack T. Richmond, Brian G. TI Early Pleistocene aquatic resource use in the Turkana Basin SO JOURNAL OF HUMAN EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Africa; Plio-Pleistocene; Turtle; Catfish; Bone fragmentation; Bone surface modification; Hominin diet ID BRAIN SIZE EVOLUTION; SOUTH-AFRICA; PERCUSSION MARKS; LONG BONES; CUT MARKS; NEANDERTHAL EXPLOITATION; HOMININ ENCEPHALIZATION; HAMMERSTONE PERCUSSION; DOCOSAHEXAENOIC ACID; COASTAL RESOURCES AB Evidence for the acquisition of nutritionally dense food resources by early Pleistocene hominins has implications for both hominin biology and behavior. Aquatic fauna may have comprised a source of highly nutritious resources to hominins in the Turkana Basin at similar to 1.95 Ma. Here we employ multiple datasets to examine the issue of aquatic resource use in the early Pleistocene. This study focuses on four components of aquatic faunal assemblages (1) taxonomic diversity, (2) skeletal element proportion, (3) bone fragmentation and (4) bone surface modification. These components are used to identify associations between early Pleistocene aquatic remains and hominin behavior at the site of FwJj20 in the Koobi Fora Fm. (Kenya). We focus on two dominant aquatic species: catfish and turtles. Further we suggest that data on aquatic resource availability as well as ethnographic examples of aquatic resource use complement our observations on the archaeological remains from FwJj20. Aquatic food items provided hominins with a valuable nutritional alternative to an exclusively terrestrial resource base. We argue that specific advantages afforded by an aquatic alternative to terrestrial resources include (1) a probable reduction in required investment of energy relative to economic return in the form of nutritionally dense food items, (2) a decrease in the technological costs of resource acquisition, and (3) a reduced level of inter-specific competition associated with carcass access and an associated reduction of predation risk relative to terrestrial sources of food. The combined evidence from FwJj20 suggests that aquatic resources may have played a substantial role in early Pleistocene diets and these resources may have been overlooked in previous interpretations of hominin behavior. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Archer, Will; Braun, David R.] Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Anthropol, Dept Human Evolut, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Braun, David R.; Richmond, Brian G.] George Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Ctr Adv Study Hominid Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Harris, Jack W. K.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Anthropol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [McCoy, Jack T.] Monmouth Univ, Dept Hist & Anthropol, Long Branch, NJ 07764 USA. [Richmond, Brian G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Human Origins Program, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Archer, W (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Anthropol, Dept Human Evolut, Deutsch Pl 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. EM will.archer@eva.mpg.de FU National Science Foundation IRFP Program; University of Cape Town University Research Council; University of Cape Town Emerging Researchers Program; National Science Foundation [BCS-1128170]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Return Fellowship Program; University of Cape Town Vice Chancellor's Initiative FX We thank Professor Jean-Jacques Hublin for granting permission to use the confocal microscope, micro CT scanner and other equipment housed at the Department of Human Evolution, Max Plank Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. We thank Dr. Matt Skinner for technical assistance and advice with scanning of specimens. We also thank Dr. Shannon McPherron for useful discussions on various themes in this paper. We would like to thank National Museums of Kenya who facilitated this research, in particular, Dr. Purity Kiura, Dr. Idle Farah and Dr. Emmanuel Ndiema. This research was funded by the National Science Foundation IRFP Program, University of Cape Town University Research Council, University of Cape Town Emerging Researchers Program, National Science Foundation BCS-1128170, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation Return Fellowship Program and the University of Cape Town Vice Chancellor's Initiative. NR 97 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0047-2484 J9 J HUM EVOL JI J. Hum. Evol. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 77 SI SI BP 74 EP 87 DI 10.1016/j.jhevol.2014.02.012 PG 14 WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology GA AY9IS UT WOS:000347864400006 PM 24721760 ER PT J AU Gutierrez, EE Anderson, RP Voss, RS Ochoa-G, J Aguilera, M Jansa, SA AF Gutierrez, Eliecer E. Anderson, Robert P. Voss, Robert S. Ochoa-G, Jose Aguilera, Marisol Jansa, Sharon A. TI Phylogeography of Marmosa robinsoni: insights into the biogeography of dry forests in northern South America SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE Andes; Didelphidae; dry habitats; glaciations; land bridges; marine transgressions; Marmosa; Paraguana; Trinidad and Tobago; Venezuela ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA SEQUENCES; AMAZONIAN FORELAND BASIN; MISSING DATA; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES; GENETIC DIVERSITY; NICHE MODELS; PATTERNS; GENUS; DIVERSIFICATION; EVOLUTIONARY AB Robinson's mouse opossum (Marmosa robinsoni) typically inhabits xeric shrublands, savannas, and deciduous forests from Panama through Colombia and Venezuela, to the islands of Trinidad, Tobago, and Grenada. We assessed its phylogeographic structure in the 1st such study based on dense geographic sampling of any vertebrate from dry habitats in this region. We sequenced the cytochrome-b gene and the X-linked intron O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase, largely from dried skins and residual tissue on osteological material of museum specimens. Phylogenetic analyses revealed the existence of 2 well-supported phylogroups primarily distributed to the east and west of the Cordillera de Merida. The estimated time since divergence between these phylogroups postdates the Miocene; therefore, Andean uplifts, changes in the course of the Rio Orinoco, and marine transgressions of that epoch cannot be implicated as causal vicariant agents. Instead, expansion of humid forest or marine transgressions, or both, during the Pliocene and Pleistocene more likely led to this differentiation. We encountered little structure among populations east of the Cordillera de Merida, suggesting recent range expansion in this region. Surprisingly, isolated populations from the Peninsula de Paraguana (northwestern Venezuela) are not closely related to geographically proximate mainland populations, but rather to more distant populations to the west in Colombia and Panama. By contrast, populations from central and eastern Venezuela are closely related to those on the islands of Trinidad and Tobago. This genetic similarity among currently disjunct populations of M. robinsoni might have resulted from Holocene fragmentation of a more extensive Pleistocene distribution on coastal plains that were exposed during the last glacial maximum. C1 [Gutierrez, Eliecer E.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Div Mammals, MRC 108, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Gutierrez, Eliecer E.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Gutierrez, Eliecer E.; Anderson, Robert P.] CUNY, City Coll, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Gutierrez, Eliecer E.; Anderson, Robert P.] CUNY, Grad Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Anderson, Robert P.; Voss, Robert S.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Vertebrate Zool Mammal, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Ochoa-G, Jose] Proyecto Conservac Sistema Cavernario Peninsula P, Falcon 4101, Venezuela. [Aguilera, Marisol] Univ Simon Bolivar, Dept Estudios Ambientales, Caracas 1080, Venezuela. [Jansa, Sharon A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jansa, Sharon A.] Univ Minnesota, JF Bell Museum Nat Hist, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Gutierrez, EE (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Div Mammals, MRC 108, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM gutierreze@si.edu RI Gutierrez, Eliecer/D-5703-2014 OI Gutierrez, Eliecer/0000-0001-6790-8185 FU American Museum of Natural History (Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Fund); City College of City University of New York (Graduate Student Award); American Society of Mammalogists; National Science Foundation [DEB-0717357, DEB-1119915, DEB-743062, DEB-743039]; Graduate Center of the City University of New York (Science Fellowship, University Fellowship, Tuition Fellowship, and Sue Rosenberg Zalk Student Travel and Research Fund); Smithsonian Institution (Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship and the Division of Mammals) FX We thank the curators and support staffs of institutions that allowed access to material under their care (voucher specimens, tissue samples, or both), especially F. Bisbal-E. and J. Sanchez-H. (EBRG); J. Cook and J. Dunnum (MSB); M. Engstrom and B. Lim (Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada); R. Baker and H. Garner (Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas); and M. Carleton, A. Gardner, L. Gordon, K. Helgen, and D. Lunde (USNM). Voucher specimens and tissues resulting from fieldwork conducted by EEG, JO-G, MA, and RPA in Venezuela were obtained via the project "Evolucion y ecologia de los pequenos mamiferos no voladores de las montanas del norte de Venezuela: estudio de ADN y Sistemas de Informacion Geografica-SIG,'' associated with the "Contrato de Acceso a Recursos Geneticos'' between the Universidad Simon Bolivar and the Ministerio del Poder Popular para el Ambiente under the responsibility of M. Aguilera. We thank several persons, in particular F. Garcia, who participated in fieldwork. K. Barker and T. Giarla provided helpful insights regarding molecular work, and T. Giarla also developed laboratory protocols that allowed us to obtain sequence data from old museum specimens. A. Berkov, J. Munshi-South, and members of RPA's laboratory (especially A. Radosavljevic, M. Soley-Guardia, and R. Boria) read one or more versions of this manuscript and made helpful comments. This work was funded, in part, by awards provided to EEG from the American Museum of Natural History (Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Fund), the City College of City University of New York (Graduate Student Award), and the American Society of Mammalogists (Grant in Aid of Research; Elmer C. Birney Award), as well as by National Science Foundation grants DEB-0717357 and DEB-1119915 (both to RPA), DEB-743062 (to SAJ), and DEB-743039 (to RSV). Additional support to EEG was provided by the Graduate Center of the City University of New York (Science Fellowship, University Fellowship, Tuition Fellowship, and Sue Rosenberg Zalk Student Travel and Research Fund), and the Smithsonian Institution (Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship and the Division of Mammals). J. J. Murillo provided a photograph of Marmosa robinsoni. NR 80 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2372 EI 1545-1542 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 95 IS 6 BP 1175 EP 1188 DI 10.1644/14-MAMM-A-069 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AY2DX UT WOS:000347399700007 ER PT J AU Tennyson, J Bernath, PF Campargue, A Csaszar, AG Daumont, L Gamache, RR Hodges, JT Lisak, D Naumenko, OV Rothman, LS Tran, H Zobov, NF Buldyreva, J Boone, CD De Vizia, MD Gianfrani, L Hartmann, JM McPheat, R Weidmann, D Murray, J Ngo, NH Polyansky, OL AF Tennyson, Jonathan Bernath, Peter F. Campargue, Alain Csaszar, Attila G. Daumont, Ludovic Gamache, Robert R. Hodges, Joseph T. Lisak, Daniel Naumenko, Olga V. Rothman, Laurence S. Ha Tran Zobov, Nikolai F. Buldyreva, Jeanna Boone, Chris D. De Vizia, Maria Domenica Gianfrani, Livio Hartmann, Jean-Michel McPheat, Robert Weidmann, Damien Murray, Jonathan Ngoc Hoa Ngo Polyansky, Oleg L. TI Recommended isolated-line profile for representing high-resolution spectroscopic transitions (IUPAC Technical Report) SO PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 44th IUPAC World Chemistry Congress on Clean Energy Through Chemistry CY AUG, 2014 CL Turkish Chemical Soc, Istanbul, DENMARK HO Turkish Chemical Soc DE high-resolution spectroscopy; IUPAC Physical and Biophysical Chemistry Division; line profiles; line shifts; water vapor ID ROTATIONAL-VIBRATIONAL SPECTRA; WATER-VAPOR TRANSITIONS; WAVE COHERENT TRANSIENTS; AR-BROADENED HF; MU-M; SPEED DEPENDENCE; ENERGY-LEVELS; H2O LINES; VOIGT FUNCTION; OXYGEN BAND AB The report of an IUPAC Task Group, formed in 2011 on "Intensities and line shapes in high-resolution spectra of water isotopologues from experiment and theory" (Project No. 2011-022-2-100), on line profiles of isolated high-resolution rotational-vibrational transitions perturbed by neutral gas-phase molecules is presented. The well-documented inadequacies of the Voigt profile (VP), used almost universally by databases and radiative-transfer codes, to represent pressure effects and Doppler broadening in isolated vibrational-rotational and pure rotational transitions of the water molecule have resulted in the development of a variety alternative line-profile models. These models capture more of the physics of the influence of pressure on line shapes but, in general, at the price of greater complexity. The Task Group recommends that the partially Correlated quadratic-Speed-Dependent Hard-Collision profile (pCqSD-HCP) should be adopted as the appropriate model for high-resolution spectroscopy. For simplicity this should be called the Hartmann-Tran profile (HTP). The HTP is sophisticated enough to capture the various collisional contributions to the isolated line shape, can be computed in a straightforward and rapid manner, and reduces to simpler profiles, including the Voigt profile, under certain simplifying assumptions. C1 [Bernath, Peter F.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Campargue, Alain] Univ Grenoble 1, CNRS, LIPhy UMR5588, F-38041 Grenoble, France. [Csaszar, Attila G.] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Inst Chem, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. [Csaszar, Attila G.] MTA ELTE Res Grp Complex Chem Syst, H-1518 Budapest, Hungary. [Daumont, Ludovic] Univ Reims, CNRS, UFR Sci Exactes & Nat Moulin Housse, GSMA,UMR 7331, F-51687 Reims 2, France. [Gamache, Robert R.] Univ Massachusetts Lowell Lowell, Dept Environm Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Hodges, Joseph T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Lisak, Daniel] Nicolaus Copernicus Univ, Fac Phys Astron & Informat, Inst Phys, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. [Naumenko, Olga V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Opt, Tomsk, Russia. [Rothman, Laurence S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ha Tran; Hartmann, Jean-Michel] Univ Paris Diderot, Univ Paris Est Creteil, Lab Interuniv Syst Atmospher, Inst Pierre Simon Laplace,CNRS,UMR 7583, F-94010 Creteil, France. [Zobov, Nikolai F.; Polyansky, Oleg L.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod 603950, Russia. [Buldyreva, Jeanna] Univ Franche Comte, CNRS, Inst UTINAM, UMR 6213, F-25030 Besancon, France. [Boone, Chris D.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [De Vizia, Maria Domenica; Gianfrani, Livio] Univ Naples 2, Dept Math & Phys, Caserta, Italy. [McPheat, Robert; Weidmann, Damien] Rutherford Appleton Lab, Space Sci & Technol Dept, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Murray, Jonathan] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London SW7 2BW, England. [Ngoc Hoa Ngo] Hanoi Natl Univ Educ, Fac Phys, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Tennyson, Jonathan; Polyansky, Oleg L.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. RP Tennyson, J (reprint author), UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England. EM j.tennyson@ucl.ac.uk RI Tennyson, Jonathan/I-2222-2012; Csaszar, Attila/A-5241-2009; Bernath, Peter/B-6567-2012; Lisak, Daniel/E-1470-2014; Tran, Ha/I-5076-2013; OI Tennyson, Jonathan/0000-0002-4994-5238; Bernath, Peter/0000-0002-1255-396X; Gianfrani, Livio/0000-0002-2241-7603; Rothman, Laurence/0000-0002-3837-4847 FU International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry [2011-022-2-100]; UK Natural Environment Research Council; Royal Society; European Research Council under Advanced Investigator [267219]; COST action CODECS; Scientific Research Fund of Hungary [OTKA NK83583]; Greenhouse Gas and Climate Sciences Measurements Program of the National Institute of Science and Technology; National Science Foundation of the USA [AGS-1156862]; Polish National Science Centre [DEC-2011/01/B/ST2/00491]; Foundation for Polish Science TEAM Project - EU European Regional Development Fund; Russian Foundation for Basic Research; NASA Earth Observing System [NNX11AF91G]; NASA Planetary Atmosphere [NNX10AB94G]; NASA laboratory astrophysics program; Programme National LEFE (CHAT) of CNRS (INSU),; Laboratoire International Associe SAMIA; CNRS (France); RAS (Russia) FX We thank Dr Linda Brown and Prof Keith Shine for their inputs in the writing of this manuscript. This work was supported by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry for funding under project 2011-022-2-100 (Intensities and line shapes in high-resolution spectra of water isotoplogues from Experiment and Theory). We thank the Royal Society's Kavli Centre for their hospitality during the completion of this work. In addition, this work has received partial support from the UK Natural Environment Research Council, the Royal Society, the European Research Council under Advanced Investigator Project 267219, the COST action CODECS, the Scientific Research Fund of Hungary (grant OTKA NK83583), the Greenhouse Gas and Climate Sciences Measurements Program of the National Institute of Science and Technology, the National Science Foundation of the USA through Grant No. AGS-1156862, the Polish National Science Centre, Project no. DEC-2011/01/B/ST2/00491, the Foundation for Polish Science TEAM Project co-financed by the EU European Regional Development Fund, the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, NASA Earth Observing System grant NNX11AF91G and NASA Planetary Atmosphere grant NNX10AB94G, the NASA laboratory astrophysics program, the Programme National LEFE (CHAT) of CNRS (INSU), and the Laboratoire International Associe SAMIA between CNRS (France) and RAS (Russia). NR 80 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 5 U2 39 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0033-4545 EI 1365-3075 J9 PURE APPL CHEM JI Pure Appl. Chem. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 86 IS 12 BP 1931 EP 1943 DI 10.1515/pac-2014-0208 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AY4NF UT WOS:000347554700006 ER PT J AU Peterson, PM Romaschenko, K Arrieta, YH Saarela, JM AF Peterson, Paul M. Romaschenko, Konstantin Herrera Arrieta, Yolanda Saarela, Jeffery M. TI A molecular phylogeny and new subgeneric classification of Sporobolus (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Sporobolinae) SO TAXON LA English DT Article DE Calamovilfa; classification; Crypsis; ITS; phylogeny; plastid DNA sequences; Pogononeura; Psilolemma; Spartina; Sporobolus; Thelhingia; Zoysieae ID SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA POACEAE; INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER; ERAGROSTIS POACEAE; DNA-SEQUENCES; NUCLEAR; GENUS; HYBRIDIZATION; POLYPLOIDY; GRAMINEAE; REVISION AB The grass stibtribe Sporobolinae contains six genera: Calamovilfa (5 spp. endemic to North America), Crypsis (10 spp. endemic to Asia and Africa), Psilolemma (1 sp. endemic to Africa), Spartina (17 spp. centered in North America), Sporobolus (186 spp. distributed worldwide), and Thellungia (1 sp. endemic to Australia). Most species in this subtribe have spikelets with a single floret, 1-veined (occasionally 3 or more) lemmas, a ciliate membrane or line of hairs for a ligule, and fruits with free pericarps (modified caryopses). Phylogenetic analyses were conducted on 177 species (281 samples), of which 145 species were in the Sporobolinae, using sequence data from four plastid regions (rp132-trnL spacer, ndhA intron, rps16-trnK spacer, rps16 intron) and the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS) to infer evolutionary relationships and provide an evolutionary framework on which to revise the classification. The phylogenetic analysis provides weak to moderate support for a paraphyletic Sporobolus that includes Calamovilfa, Crypsis, Spartina, and Thellungia. In the combined plastid tree, Psilolemma jaegeri is sister to a trichotomy that includes an unsupported Urochondra-Zoysia clade (subtr. Zoysiinae), a strongly supported Sporobolus somalensis lineage, and a weakly supported Sporobolus s.l. lineage. In the ITS tree the Zoysiinae is sister to a highly supported Sporobolinae in which a Psilolemmajaegeri Sporobolus somalensis clade is sister to the remaining species of Sporobolus s.l. Within Sporobolus s.l. the nuclear and plastid analyses identify the same 16 major clades of which 11 are strongly supported in the ITS tree and 12 are strongly supported in the combined plastid tree. The positions of three of these clades representing proposed sections Crypsis, Fimbriatae, and Triachyrum are discordant in the nuclear and plastid trees, indicating their origins may involve hybridization. Seven species fall outside the major clades in both trees, and the placement of ten species of Sporobolus are discordant in the nuclear and plastid trees. We propose incorporating Calamovilfa, Crypsis, Spartina, Thellungia, and Eragrostis megalosperma within Sporobolus, and make the requisite 35 new combinations or new names. The molecular results support the recognition of 11 sections and 11 subsections within Sporobolus s.1.; four sections are new: Airoides, Clandestini, Cryptandri, and Pyramidati; three sections are new combinations: Calamovilfa, Crypsis, and Spartina; four subsections are new combinations: Calamovilfa, Crypsis, Ponceletia, and Spartina; seven subsections are new: Actinocladi, Alterniflori, Floridani, Helvoli, Pyramidati, Spicati, and Subulati; 30 new combinations in Sporobolus: S. aculeatus, S. advenus, S. alopecuroides, S. alterniflorus, S. angelicus, S. arcuatus, S. bakeri, S. borszczowii subsp. acuminatus, S. borszczowii subsp. ambiguus, S. brevipilis, S. coarctatus, S. cynosuroides, S. densiflorus, S. factorovskyi, S. foliosus, S. hadjikyriakou, S. xlongispinus, S. maritimus, S. megalospermus, S. michauxianus, S. minuartioides, S. niliacus, S. pumilus, S. rigidus, S. rigidus var. magnus, S. spartinus, S. schoenoides, S. xtownsendii, S. hirkestanicus, and S. vericolor; and five new names in Sporobolus: S. arenicola, S. xeatonianus, S. hookerianus, S. mobberleyanus, and S. vaseyi are made. Lectotypes are designated for Crypsis factorovskyi, Heleochloa ambigua, and Torgesia minuartio ides. C1 [Peterson, Paul M.; Romaschenko, Konstantin] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Romaschenko, Konstantin] Natl Acad Sci, MG Kholodny Inst Bot, UA-01601 Kiev, Ukraine. [Herrera Arrieta, Yolanda] Inst Politecn Nacl, CHDIR Unidad Durango COFAA, Durango 34220, Mexico. [Saarela, Jeffery M.] Canadian Museum Nat, Bot Sect, Ottawa, ON KIP 6P4, Canada. RP Peterson, PM (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM peterson@si.edu RI Romaschenko, Konstantin/K-3096-2014 OI Romaschenko, Konstantin/0000-0002-7248-4193 FU National Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration [8848-10, 8087-06]; Smithsonian Institution's Restricted Endowments Fund; Scholarly Studies Program; Research Opportunities; Atherton Seidell Foundation; Biodiversity Surveys and Inventories Program; Small Grants Program; Laboratory of Analytical Biology, United States Department of Agriculture; Canadian Museum of Nature FX We thank the National Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration (Grant No. 8848-10, 8087-06) for field and laboratory support, the Smithsonian Institution's Restricted Endowments Fund, the Scholarly Studies Program, Research Opportunities, Atherton Seidell Foundation, Biodiversity Surveys and Inventories Program, Small Grants Program, the Laboratory of Analytical Biology, United States Department of Agriculture, and the Canadian Museum of Nature, all for financial support. We would also like to acknowledge Gabriel Johnson for help in the laboratory; Robert J. Soreng and Carol R. Annable for accompanying the first author on numerous field expeditions; Robert J. Soreng for many extended discussions pertinent to the manuscript; Alice Tangerini for preparing the illustration; Kanchi Gandhi and Gerry Moore for checking our Latin nomenclature; and Lynn G. Clark and two anonymous reviewers for providing helpful comments on the manuscript. NR 99 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 24 PU INT ASSOC PLANT TAXONOMY-IAPT PI BRATISLAVA PA C/O INST BOTANY, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, SK-845 23 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0040-0262 EI 1996-8175 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD DEC PY 2014 VL 63 IS 6 BP 1212 EP 1243 PG 32 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA AY0DF UT WOS:000347267300003 ER PT J AU Dorr, LJ AF Dorr, Laurence J. TI The correct author citation of the combination Eriolaena quinquelocularis (Malvaceae: Dombeyoideae) and typification of its basionym SO TAXON LA English DT Article DE Eriolaena quinquelocularis; lectotypification; Microchlaena quinquelocularis; nomenclature AB A combination in Eriolaena DC. based on Microchlaena quinquelocularis Wight & Arn, has been attributed erroneously to at least three different authors, but it is established here that a fourth author heretofore overlooked, Heber Drury, validly published the combination in 1864. A lectotype is selected for M. quinquelocularis. C1 Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 166, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Dorr, LJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 166, Dept Bot, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM dorrl@si.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC PLANT TAXONOMY-IAPT PI BRATISLAVA PA C/O INST BOTANY, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, SK-845 23 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0040-0262 EI 1996-8175 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD DEC PY 2014 VL 63 IS 6 BP 1340 EP 1341 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA AY0DF UT WOS:000347267300015 ER PT J AU Peterson, PM Romaschenko, K Arrieta, YH Saarele, JM AF Peterson, Paul M. Romaschenko, Konstantin Herrera Arrieta, Yolanda Saarele, Jeffery M. TI (2332) Proposal to conserve the name Sporobolus against Spartina, Crypsis, Ponceletia, and Heleochloa (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Sporobolinae) SO TAXON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Peterson, Paul M.; Romaschenko, Konstantin] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Romaschenko, Konstantin] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, MG Kholodny Inst Bot, UA-01601 Kiev, Ukraine. [Herrera Arrieta, Yolanda] Inst Politecn Nacl, CIIDIR Unidad Durango COFAA, Durango 34220, Mexico. [Saarele, Jeffery M.] Canadian Museum Nat, Bot Sect, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, Canada. RP Peterson, PM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM peterson@si.edu RI Romaschenko, Konstantin/K-3096-2014 OI Romaschenko, Konstantin/0000-0002-7248-4193 NR 0 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU INT ASSOC PLANT TAXONOMY-IAPT PI BRATISLAVA PA C/O INST BOTANY, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, SK-845 23 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0040-0262 EI 1996-8175 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD DEC PY 2014 VL 63 IS 6 BP 1373 EP 1374 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA AY0DF UT WOS:000347267300022 ER PT J AU Zhu, XJ Zamora, S Lefebvre, B AF Zhu, Xue-Jian Zamora, Samuel Lefebvre, Bertrand TI Morphology and palaeoecology of a new edrioblastoid from the Furongian of China SO ACTA PALAEONTOLOGICA POLONICA LA English DT Article ID SOUTH CHINA; GUIZHOU PROVINCE; ECHINODERMATA; GUANGXI; ONTOGENY AB A new edrioblastoid Cambroblastus guolensis is described from the Furongian (late Cambrian) Sandu Formation (South China). This represents the second occurrence of a Cambrian edrioblastoid, and the first ever reported from Asia, extending the palaeogeographic range of this very rare echinoderm grade. Surprisingly it preserves a complete stem and a distal holdfast suggesting edrioblastoids were hard substrate attachers living in soft bottom quiet environments. C1 [Zhu, Xue-Jian] Chinese Acad Sci, Nanjing Inst Geol & Palaeontol, State Key Lab Palaeontol & Stratig, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zamora, Samuel] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Zamora, Samuel] Inst Geol & Minero Espana, Zaragoza 50006, Spain. [Lefebvre, Bertrand] Univ Lyon 1, Geode, UMR CNRS 5276, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France. RP Zamora, S (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM xuejianzhu9@hotmail.com; samuel@unizar.es; bertrand.lefebvre@univ-lyon1.fr FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZCX2-EW-111]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [40602002, 41072018, 41330101, 41221001, J0630967]; Ramon y Cajal Grant [RYC-2012-10576]; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [CGL2013-48877] FX Isabel Perez-Urresti (University of Zaragoza, Spain) provided excellent photograph assistance. The authors are particularly grateful to Imran A. Rahman (Bristol University, UK) and Przemyslaw Gorzelak (Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland), who reviewed the manuscript and made many helpful remarks. This paper is also a contribution of the team "Vie Primitive, biosignatures, milieux extremes" of UMR CNRS 5276, and to the ANR project RALI "Rise of Animal Life (Cambrian-Ordovician)-organization and tempo: evidence from exceptionally preserved biota". XJZ is funded by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-EW-111) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (40602002, 41072018, 41330101, 41221001, J0630967). SZ was funded by a Ramon y Cajal Grant (RYC-2012-10576) and project CGL2013-48877 from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU INST PALEOBIOLOGII PAN PI WARSAW PA UL TWARDA 51/55, 00-818 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0567-7920 EI 1732-2421 J9 ACTA PALAEONTOL POL JI Acta Palaeontol. Pol. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 59 IS 4 BP 921 EP 926 DI 10.4202/app.2012.0116 PG 6 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA AW9ZO UT WOS:000346613800017 ER PT J AU Patrick, CJ AF Patrick, Christopher J. TI Macroinvertebrate communities of ecotones between the boundaries of streams, wetlands, and lakes SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED LIMNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ecotone; macroinvertebrate; biodiversity; wetland; stream; community ID CRAYFISH ORCONECTES-RUSTICUS; ORGANIC-MATTER DYNAMICS; RIVER CONTINUUM CONCEPT; HEADWATER STREAMS; FISH ASSEMBLAGES; FOOD-WEB; BIODIVERSITY; USA; WISCONSIN; MICHIGAN AB Boundary ecosystems may have a unique blend of characteristics and ecological communities. Nine different aquatic systems that span the boundary between lakes, streams, and wetlands were sampled in the Michigamme formation of northern-Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan to characterize the aquatic macroinvertebrate communities and environmental conditions. The streams had water quality values (conductivity: 17.1-162.7 mu S, NO3-: 0.077-0.11 mg L-1, PO4-: 0.006-0.017 mg L-1, NH4+: 0.27-0.39 mg L-1) that were in ranges indicating high quality un-impacted streams. Despite the high water quality, the streams were taxa poor (9-21 genera) and had low diversity (Shannon-Wiener: 0.65-2.19) relative to streams in nearby regions. Furthermore there was little biological variation (beta-richness) between samples taken within each stream and also between streams. Macroinvertebrates were characteristic of stream, wetland, and lake habitat. Streams in this region appear to represent a boundary ecosystem between stream, wetland, and lake ecosystems. These streams appear to have naturally low taxa richness relative to other lotic habitats. C1 [Patrick, Christopher J.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Patrick, Christopher J.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Patrick, CJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28,647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM patrickc@si.edu FU University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center FX This research was funded by the University of Notre Dame Environmental Research Center. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 51 PU E SCHWEIZERBARTSCHE VERLAGSBUCHHANDLUNG PI STUTTGART PA NAEGELE U OBERMILLER, SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, JOHANNESSTRASSE 3A, D 70176 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 1863-9135 J9 FUND APPL LIMNOL JI Fundam. Appl. Limnol. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 185 IS 3-4 BP 223 EP 233 DI 10.1127/fal/2014/0645 PG 11 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AX4FF UT WOS:000346888400002 ER PT J AU Pfaller, JB Alfaro-Shigueto, J Giffoni, B Ishihara, T Mangel, JC Peckham, SH Bjomdal, KA Baeza, JA AF Pfaller, Joseph B. Alfaro-Shigueto, Joanna Giffoni, Bruno Ishihara, Takashi Mangel, Jeffrey C. Peckham, S. Hoyt Bjomdal, Karen A. Baeza, J. Antonio TI Social monogamy in the crab Planes major, a facultative symbiont of loggerhead sea turtles SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mating system evolution; Monogamy; Planes; Sea turtle; Symbiosis ID CENTRAL NORTH PACIFIC; CARETTA-CARETTA; LEPIDOCHELYS-OLIVACEA; HOST CHARACTERISTICS; INACHUS-PHALANGIUM; INANIMATE FLOTSAM; SEXUAL SELECTION; SNAPPING SHRIMP; COLUMBUS CRABS; MATING SYSTEM AB Studying how host characteristics and ecology affect the mating systems of symbiotic crustaceans offers an opportunity to understand how ecological factors contribute to the evolution of different animal mating systems. In theory, symbiotic crustaceans should display social monogamy with long-term heterosexual pairing when hosts are relatively small in body size and structurally simple, and when hosts have relatively low abundance in habitats where the risk of mortality for symbionts (e.g., predation) away from hosts is high. We test this prediction in the mating system of the flotsam crab (Planes major) and its facultative association with loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta). First, we found that the overall population and sex distributions were non-random and crabs inhabited host turtles as heterosexual pairs more frequently than expected by chance, which supports the hypothesis that P. major is socially monogamous on C. caretta. Second, we found that male crabs pair with females regardless of their reproductive state, male-female pairs do not display size-assortative pairing, crab body size and host turtle body size are not correlated, and crabs display reverse sexual dimorphism in body size and conventional sexual dimorphism in weaponry. These results do not support the hypothesis that social monogamy in P. major is always long term. Instead, our results suggest that the duration of social monogamy in P. major is likely variable and may involve some degree of host switching and intra-sexual (mostly male-male) competition. Our results were only partially consistent with theoretical considerations for how host characteristics and ecology affect the mating systems of symbiotic crustaceans, and future studies should focus on quantifying the degree and direction of host switching to better understand the factors that affect the duration of monogamous pairing when P. major associates with C. caretta. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pfaller, Joseph B.; Bjomdal, Karen A.] Univ Florida, Archie Carr Ctr Sea Turtle Res, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Pfaller, Joseph B.; Bjomdal, Karen A.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Pfaller, Joseph B.] Caretta Res Project, Savannah, GA 31412 USA. [Alfaro-Shigueto, Joanna; Mangel, Jeffrey C.] ProDelphinus, Lima 18, Peru. [Alfaro-Shigueto, Joanna; Mangel, Jeffrey C.] Univ Exeter, Ctr Ecol & Conservat, Pentyn TR10 9EZ, Cornwall, England. [Giffoni, Bruno] Fdn ProTAMAR, BR-11680000 Ubatuba, SP, Brazil. Sea Turtle Assoc Japan, Osaka, Japan. [Peckham, S. Hoyt] Stanford Univ, Ctr Ocean Solut, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baeza, J. Antonio] Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Baeza, J. Antonio] Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Baeza, J. Antonio] Univ Catalica Norte, Fac Ciencias Mar, Dept Marine Biol, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile. RP Pfaller, JB (reprint author), Univ Florida, Archie Carr Ctr Sea Turtle Res, 220 Bartram Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jpfaller@ufl.edu; jas_26@yahoo.com; bruno@tamar.org.br; ishihara@umigame.org; jeffrey_mangel@yahoo.com; hoyt@propeninsula.org; bjorndal@ufl.edu; baeza.antonio@gmail.com OI Bjorndal, Karen/0000-0002-6286-1901 NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 EI 1879-1697 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 461 BP 124 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2014.08.011 PG 9 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AX4HU UT WOS:000346894900015 ER PT J AU Looy, CV Hotton, CL AF Looy, Cindy V. Hotton, Carol L. TI Spatiotemporal relationships among Late Pennsylvanian plant assemblages: Palynological evidence from the Markley Formation, West Texas, USA SO REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Palaeoecology; Palynology; Environmental change; Pennsylvanian; Texas; Markley Formation ID PALEOZOIC ICE-AGE; NORTH-CENTRAL TEXAS; SEED FERN POLLEN; PERMIAN PALEOBOTANY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FORMING ENVIRONMENTS; APPALACHIAN BASIN; MARATTIALEAN FERN; ATLANTIC CANADA; FOSSIL RECORD AB The Pennsylvanian lowlands of western Pangea are best known for their diverse wetland floras of arborescent and herbaceous ferns, and arborescent horsetails and clubmosses. In apparent juxtaposition, a very different kind of flora, dominated by a xerophilous assemblage of conifers, taeniopterids and peltasperms, is occasionally glimpsed. Once believed to represent upland or extrabasinal floras from well-drained portions of the landscape, these dryland floras more recently have been interpreted as lowland assemblages growing during drier phases of glacial/interglacial cycles. Whether Pennsylvanian dryland and wetland floras were separated spatially or temporally remains an unsettled question, due in large part to taphonomic bias toward preservation of wetland plants. Previous paleobotanical and sedimentological analysis of the Markley Formation of latest Pennsylvanian (Gzhelian) age, from north central Texas, U.S.A, indicates close correlation between lithofacies and distinct dryland and wetland megaflora assemblages. Here we present a detailed analysis one of those localities, a section unusual in containing abundant palynomorphs, from the lower Markley Formation. Paleobotanical, palynological and lithological data from a section thought to represent a single interglacial/glacial phase are integrated and analyzed to create a complex picture of an evolving landscape. Megafloral data from throughout the Markley Formation show that conifer-dominated dryland floras occur exclusively in highly leached kaolinite beds, likely eroded from underlying soils, whereas a mosaic of wetland floras occupy histosols, ultisols, and fluvial overbank deposits. Palynological data largely conform to this pattern but reveal a more complex picture. An assemblage of mixed wetland and dryland palynofloral taxa is interpolated between a dryland assemblage and an overlying histosol containing wetland taxa. In this section, as well as elsewhere in the Markley Formation, kaolinite and overlying organic beds appear to have formed as a single genetic unit, with the kaolinite forming an impermeable aquiclude upon which a poorly drained wetland subsequently formed. Within a single inferred glacial/interglacial cycle, lithological data indicate significant fluctuations in water availability tracked by changes in palynofloral and megafloral taxa. Palynology reveals that elements of the dryland floras appear at low abundance even within wetland deposits. The combined data indicate a complex pattern of succession and suggest a mosaic of dryland and wetland plant communities in the Late Pennsylvanian. Our data alone cannot show whether dryland and wetland assemblages succeed one another temporally, or coexisted on the landscape. However, the combined evidence suggests relatively close spatial proximity within a fragmenting and increasingly arid environment. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Looy, Cindy V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Looy, Cindy V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Paleontol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hotton, Carol L.] NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Hotton, Carol L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Looy, CV (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, 1005 Valley Life Sci Bldg 3140, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM looy@berkeley.edu; hotton@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov FU Hellman Family Foundation; Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine FX We acknowledge William A. DiMichele for his generous sharing of samples and field notes, helpful discussions and support for this work. Ivo Duijnstee and Robert Stevenson assisted with imaging, figure and plate preparation. Critiques by Henk Visscher, Tom van Hoof and especially Hans Kerp greatly improved the manuscript. Cindy Looy was supported by the Hellman Family Foundation. The research of Carol Hotton was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Library of Medicine. This is ETE publication 337, and UCMP Contribution 2055. NR 158 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 85 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0034-6667 EI 1879-0615 J9 REV PALAEOBOT PALYNO JI Rev. Palaeobot. Palynology PD DEC PY 2014 VL 211 BP 10 EP 27 DI 10.1016/j.revpalbo.2014.09.007 PG 18 WC Plant Sciences; Paleontology SC Plant Sciences; Paleontology GA AX8BX UT WOS:000347136600002 PM 26028779 ER PT J AU Riley, ME Johnston, CA Feller, IC Griffen, BD AF Riley, Megan E. Johnston, Cora A. Feller, Ilka C. Griffen, Blaine D. TI Range Expansion of Aratus pisonii (Mangrove Tree Crab) into Novel Vegetative Habitats SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; HERBIVORY; FORESTS; LIFE AB As ecological communities migrate northward with climate change, associated species are expected to accompany habitat-forming, foundation species. However, differences in physiological limitations and/or sensitivity to climatic cues can cause spatial or temporal mismatches in the expansion of foundation species and associated inhabitants. Here, we document novel habitat switching by an inhabitant that has outpaced its traditional habitat. We provide the first report of the typically mangrove-associated Acorns pisonii (Mangrove Tree Crab) in temperate salt marsh habitats along Florida's Atlantic coast. Mangrove Tree Crab is present in salt marshes as far north as Little Satilla Creek, GA (31 degrees 5 ' 32 '' N), substantially further north than the northernmost mangrove (similar to 30 degrees N). Based on historical records of the range limit of Mangrove Tree Crab and its cuiTent distribution, we calculate that the species has moved northward at a rate of 62 km per decade over the last century, outpacing the range expansions of the foundation species (13-45 km/decade) with which it has traditionally been associated. C1 [Riley, Megan E.; Griffen, Blaine D.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Sci Biol, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Johnston, Cora A.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Feller, Ilka C.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Smithsonian Inst, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Griffen, Blaine D.] Univ S Carolina, Marine Sci Program, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Riley, ME (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Sci Biol, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM riley.megan.e@gmail.com FU NSF [OCE-1129166, EFI065821]; NASA [NNX-II AO94G]; Link Foundation, Binghamton, NY; Slocum-Lunz Foundation, Charleston, SC FX This work was supported by NSF (OCE-1129166 and EFI065821), NASA (NNX-II AO94G), the Link Foundation, Binghamton, NY, and the Slocum-Lunz Foundation, Charleston, SC. This is contribution no. 954 of the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce, FL. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 27 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 EI 1938-5412 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 13 IS 4 BP N43 EP N48 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AX8QF UT WOS:000347173000004 ER PT J AU Angehr, GR Kushlan, JA Hines, KN AF Angehr, George R. Kushlan, James A. Hines, Kirsten N. TI Nesting Sites and Population Estimates of Seabirds and other Waterbirds of the Gulf of Chiriqui, Panama SO WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE Bridled Tern; Brown Booby; Brown Pelican; conservation; Fregata magnificens; Magnificent Frigatebird; Mycteria americana; Onychoprion anaethetus; Pacific; Pelecanus occidentalis; seabird populations; Sula leucogaster; Wood Stork AB Little information exists on nesting by seabirds and coastal waterbirds in Panama. The present study of the Gulf of Chiriqui complements our previous study of nesting waterbirds of the Gulf of Panama. In April 2012, about 4,000 nests of seven species of seabirds and other colonial waterbirds were identified during a complete survey by small plane and boat within and adjacent to the Gulf of Chiriqui. Seventeen colony sites were found, 12 of which are reported here for the first time. Nesting species included Brown Booby (Sula leucogaster, the most abundant species with nearly 2,500 nests), Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis), Magnificent Frigatebird (Fregata magnificens), Bridled Tern (Onychoprion anaethetus; second nesting site for Panama), Wood Stork (Mycteria americana; third nesting site for Panama), Great Egret (Ardea alba), and Cattle Egret (Bubulcus ibis). The largest nesting site in the Gulf of Chiriqui was the Islas Ladrones, with 2,200 Brown Booby nests (the largest site for this species in Panama.) and 130 Magnificent Frigatebird nests. Unlike most of the sites found in this study, these islands are not currently officially protected. C1 [Angehr, George R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Hines, Kirsten N.] Kirsten Nat Travel, Key Biscayne, FL 33149 USA. RP Angehr, GR (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. EM gangehr@gmail.com NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 12 PU WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 1524-4695 EI 1938-5390 J9 WATERBIRDS JI Waterbirds PD DEC PY 2014 VL 37 IS 4 BP 426 EP 431 PG 6 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA AY2RI UT WOS:000347436500009 ER PT J AU Andersen, KM Turner, BL Dalling, JW AF Andersen, Kelly M. Turner, Benjamin L. Dalling, James W. TI Seedling performance trade-offs influencing habitat filtering along a soil nutrient gradient in a tropical forest SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE anti-herbivore defense; biomass allocation; dispersal limitation; functional traits; growth trade-offs; lower montane tropical forest; niche partitioning; plant-soil interactions; resource-use efficiency; seedling performance; soil nutrients; understory palms ID RESOURCE AVAILABILITY; RAIN-FOREST; BETA-DIVERSITY; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; DIPTEROCARP FOREST; UNDERSTOREY PALMS; MINERAL-NUTRITION; MONTANE FOREST; ASSEMBLY RULES; WILD PLANTS AB Recent studies have provided evidence that trade-offs in biomass allocation, resource-use efficiency, and anti-herbivore defense influence seedling performance and distribution across soil types. Our previous research suggested that soil nutrient availability acted as a filter for understory palm community assembly and species coexistence in a lower montane forest in western Panama. Here, we experimentally tested three potential mechanisms that could be driving this filtering of palm communities along a soil nutrient gradient. We examined seedling performance of 13 understory palm taxa with differing distribution patterns transplanted to five sites, where they were both exposed to and protected from herbivores. We found the strongest evidence for habitat filtering at the lowest-nutrient site, where seedlings of locally occurring species had significant performance advantages over those of locally absent species, regardless of protection from herbivores. When transplanted to the lowest-nutrient site, seedlings of naturally occurring species maintained high above-to belowground biomass ratios, maximized photosynthetic nitrogen-use efficiency, and minimized leaf area loss to herbivores and pathogens. Species from low-fertility sites were therefore able to maintain higher survival and relative growth rates (RGR) at the lowest-nutrient site than species from more fertile sites. Similar patterns were found for a high-nutrient site, where naturally occurring species had higher RGR compared to species from lower-fertility sites. However, the functional traits associated with the differences in performance at high-nutrient sites were less clear, perhaps due to increased light limitation in the understory of these sites. At higher-nutrient sites, protection from herbivores significantly reduced leaf area damage and mortality rates in seedlings, particularly for naturally occurring species. Overall, morphological and physiological traits were more strongly coupled with soil nutrient availability than were leaf damage or seedling performance across the sites. Nonetheless, the coordination of all three trade-offs was related to the strongest performance advantage and, therefore, ecological filtering along the soil nutrient gradient in this lower montane forest. C1 [Andersen, Kelly M.] Univ Illinois, Program Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Andersen, Kelly M.; Turner, Benjamin L.; Dalling, James W.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Dalling, James W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Andersen, Kelly M.] San Diego Zoo Global, Inst Conservat Res, San Diego, CA 92027 USA. RP Andersen, KM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Program Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM kanderse@life.illinois.edu RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011 OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722 FU NSF; Smithsonian Institution Predoctoral Fellowship; Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology of the University of Illinois-Champaign/Urbana FX We thank Edvelio (Bady) Garcia and Arturo Morris for field assistance; Jonathan Ogrodnik for laboratory assistance; C. Augspurger, J. Dawson, M. Dietz, L. Schreeg, E. Tanner, N. Wurzburger, C. Baraloto, and an anonymous reviewer for valuable comments on previous versions of the manuscript. This research was supported by an NSF Dissertation Completion Grant, a Smithsonian Institution Predoctoral Fellowship, and funding from the Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology of the University of Illinois-Champaign/Urbana (K. M. Andersen). Permits were provided by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, the Panamanian Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente (ANAM), and Enel Fortuna. NR 70 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 41 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD DEC PY 2014 VL 95 IS 12 BP 3399 EP 3413 PG 15 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AX3PN UT WOS:000346851400017 ER PT J AU Sohn, JC AF Sohn, Jae-Cheon TI A TAXONOMIC REVIEW OF STACHYOTIS (LEPIDOPTERA: YPONOMEUTOIDEA: PLUTELLIDAE) WITH DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES FROM CHINA SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Review DE China; Orthenches-group; Plutellidae; Sri Lanka; Stachyotis chunshengwui n. sp.; Yponomeutoidea AB The genus Stachyotis (Lepidoptera, Yponomeutoidea, Plutellidae) is reviewed by re-description of the type species, Stachyotis epichrysa Meyrick from Sri Lanka and description of a new species, S. chunshengwui sp. nov. from China. These 2 congeners are distinguished from each other in their forewing patterns and male genitalia. The diagnostic features of Stachyotis are proposed from the forewing venation, structures of the second sternite and the tergites, and the male genitalia. A possible association of Stachyotis and Orthenches-group is discussed. C1 [Sohn, Jae-Cheon] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Sohn, Jae-Cheon] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Sohn, JC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM jsohn@umd.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 97 IS 4 BP 1588 EP 1593 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AX1FJ UT WOS:000346693100030 ER PT J AU Bonomo, AS Sozzetti, A Lovis, C Malavolta, L Rice, K Buchhave, LA Sasselov, D Cameron, AC Latham, DW Molinari, E Pepe, F Udry, S Affer, L Charbonneau, D Cosentino, R Dressing, CD Dumusque, X Figueira, P Fiorenzano, AFM Gettel, S Harutyunyan, A Haywood, RD Horne, K Lopez-Morales, M Mayor, M Micela, G Motalebi, F Nascimbeni, V Phillips, DF Piotto, G Pollacco, D Queloz, D Segransan, D Szentgyorgyi, A Watson, C AF Bonomo, A. S. Sozzetti, A. Lovis, C. Malavolta, L. Rice, K. Buchhave, L. A. Sasselov, D. Cameron, A. C. Latham, D. W. Molinari, E. Pepe, F. Udry, S. Affer, L. Charbonneau, D. Cosentino, R. Dressing, C. D. Dumusque, X. Figueira, P. Fiorenzano, A. F. M. Gettel, S. Harutyunyan, A. Haywood, R. D. Horne, K. Lopez-Morales, M. Mayor, M. Micela, G. Motalebi, F. Nascimbeni, V. Phillips, D. F. Piotto, G. Pollacco, D. Queloz, D. Segransan, D. Szentgyorgyi, A. Watson, C. TI Characterization of the planetary system Kepler-101 with HARPS-N A hot super-Neptune with an Earth-sized low-mass companion SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; stars: fundamental parameters; techniques: photometric; techniques: radial velocities; techniques: spectroscopic ID CHAIN MONTE-CARLO; TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; ORBITAL EVOLUTION; JUPITER SYSTEMS; STAR TRES-1; EXOPLANETS; MIGRATION; STELLAR; PROTOPLANETS; PARAMETERS AB We characterize the planetary system Kepler-101 by performing a combined differential evolution Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis of Kepler data and forty radial velocities obtained with the HARPS-N spectrograph. This system was previously validated and is composed of a hot super-Neptune, Kepler-101b, and an Earth-sized planet, Kepler-101c. These two planets orbit the slightly evolved and metal-rich G-type star in 3.49 and 6.03 days, respectively. With mass Mp = 51.1+ 5.1 -4.7 M., radius Rp = 5.77+ 0.85 -0.79 R., and density.p = 1.45+ 0.83 -0.48 g cm-3, Kepler-101b is the first fully characterized super-Neptune, and its density suggests that heavy elements make up a significant fraction of its interior; more than 60% of its total mass. Kepler-101c has a radius of 1.25+ 0.19 -0.17 R., which implies the absence of any H/ He envelope, but its mass could not be determined because of the relative faintness of the parent star for highly precise radial-velocity measurements (Kp = 13.8) and the limited number of radial velocities. The 1s upper limit, Mp < 3.8 M., excludes a pure iron composition with a probability of 68.3%. The architecture of the planetary system Kepler-101 -containing a close-in giant planet and an outer Earth-sized planet with a period ratio slightly larger than the 3: 2 resonance -is certainly of interest for scenarios of planet formation and evolution. This system does not follow the previously reported trend that the larger planet has the longer period in the majority of Kepler systems of planet pairs with at least one Neptune-sized or larger planet. C1 [Bonomo, A. S.; Sozzetti, A.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. [Lovis, C.; Pepe, F.; Udry, S.; Mayor, M.; Motalebi, F.; Queloz, D.; Segransan, D.] Univ Geneva, Observ Astron, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Malavolta, L.; Piotto, G.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron Galileo Galilei, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Malavolta, L.; Nascimbeni, V.; Piotto, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Padova, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Rice, K.] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, Inst Astron, SUPA, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Buchhave, L. A.; Sasselov, D.; Latham, D. W.; Charbonneau, D.; Dressing, C. D.; Dumusque, X.; Gettel, S.; Lopez-Morales, M.; Phillips, D. F.; Szentgyorgyi, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Buchhave, L. A.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Cameron, A. C.; Haywood, R. D.; Horne, K.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Molinari, E.; Cosentino, R.; Fiorenzano, A. F. M.; Harutyunyan, A.] INAF Fdn Galileo Galilei, Brea Baja 38712, Spain. [Molinari, E.] INAF IASF Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Affer, L.; Micela, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Palermo, I-90124 Palermo, Italy. [Figueira, P.] Univ Porto, Ctr Astrofis, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal. [Pollacco, D.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Queloz, D.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Watson, C.] Queens Univ, Sch Math & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland. RP Bonomo, AS (reprint author), INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. EM bonomo@oato.inaf.it RI Rice, Ken/H-5084-2011; Figueira, Pedro/J-4916-2013; OI Sozzetti, Alessandro/0000-0002-7504-365X; Buchhave, Lars A./0000-0003-1605-5666; Piotto, Giampaolo/0000-0002-9937-6387; Rice, Ken/0000-0002-6379-9185; Figueira, Pedro/0000-0001-8504-283X; Molinari, Emilio/0000-0002-1742-7735; Malavolta, Luca/0000-0002-6492-2085; Micela, Giuseppina/0000-0002-9900-4751 NR 57 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 572 AR A2 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424617 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW2ET UT WOS:000346101700034 ER PT J AU Chew, YGM Morales, JC Faedi, E Garcia-Melendo, E Hebb, L Rodler, F Deshpande, R Mahadevan, S McCormac, J Barnes, R Triaud, AHMJ Lopez-Morales, M Skillen, I Cameron, AC Joner, MD Laney, CD Stephens, DC Stassun, KG Cargile, PA Montanes-Rodriguez, P AF Chew, Y. Gomez Maqueo Morales, J. C. Faedi, E. Garcia-Melendo, E. Hebb, L. Rodler, F. Deshpande, R. Mahadevan, S. McCormac, J. Barnes, R. Triaud, A. H. M. J. Lopez-Morales, M. Skillen, I. Cameron, A. Collier Joner, M. D. Laney, C. D. Stephens, D. C. Stassun, K. G. Cargile, P. A. Montanes-Rodriguez, P. TI The EBLM project II. A very hot, low-mass M dwarf in an eccentric and long-period, eclipsing binary system from the SuperWASP Survey SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE binaries: eclipsing; stars: fundamental parameters; stars: low-mass; stars: individual: 2MASS J01135129+3149097; techniques: radial velocities; techniques: photometric ID AUTOMATED SURVEY CATALOG; TRANSITING CIRCUMBINARY PLANET; LOWER MAIN-SEQUENCE; LIGHT CURVES; ABSOLUTE DIMENSIONS; PHYSICAL PARAMETERS; EVOLUTIONARY MODELS; CM DRACONIS; PHOTOMETRIC VARIABILITY; STELLAR ATMOSPHERES AB In this paper, we derive the fundamental properties of 1SWASPJ011351.29+314909.7 (J0113+31), a metal-poor (-0.40 +/- 0.04 dex), eclipsing binary in an eccentric orbit (similar to 0.3) with an orbital period of similar to 14.277 d. Eclipsing M dwarfs that orbit solar-type stars (EBLMs), like J0113+31, have been identified from their light curves and follow-up spectroscopy in the course of the WASP transiting planet search. We present the analysis of the first binary of the EBLM sample for which masses, radii and temperatures of both components are derived, and thus, define here the methodology. The primary component with a mass of 0.945 +/- 0.045 M-circle dot has a large radius (1.378 +/- 0.058 R-circle dot) indicating that the system is quite old, similar to 9.5 Gyr. The M-dwarf secondary mass of 0.186 +/- 0.010 M-circle dot and radius of 0.209 +/- 0.011 R-circle dot are fully consistent with stellar evolutionary models. However, from the near-infrared secondary eclipse light curve, the M dwarf is found to have an effective temperature of 3922 +/- 42 K, which is similar to 600 K hotter than predicted by theoretical models. We discuss different scenarios to explain this temperature discrepancy. The case of J0113+31 for which we can measure mass, radius, temperature, and metallicity highlights the importance of deriving mass, radius, and temperature as a function of metallicity for M dwarfs to better understand the lowest mass stars. The EBLM Project will define the relationship between mass, radius, temperature, and metallicity for M dwarfs providing important empirical constraints at the bottom of the main sequence. C1 [Chew, Y. Gomez Maqueo; Faedi, E.; McCormac, J.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Morales, J. C.; Garcia-Melendo, E.; Lopez-Morales, M.] IEEC, Barcelona 08034, Spain. [Morales, J. C.] Univ Paris Diderot, LESIA Observ Paris, CNRS, Univ Paris 06, Paris, France. [Garcia-Melendo, E.] Univ Basque Country, Dept Fis Aplicada 1, ETS Ingn, Bilbao 48013, Spain. [Garcia-Melendo, E.] Esteve Duran Observ Fdn Fundacio Observ Esteve Du, Seva 08553, Spain. [Hebb, L.] Hobart & William Smith Coll, Dept Phys, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Rodler, F.; Lopez-Morales, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Deshpande, R.; Mahadevan, S.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Deshpande, R.; Mahadevan, S.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [McCormac, J.; Skillen, I.] Isaac Newton Grp Telescopes, Santa Cruz De Palma 38700, Spain. [Barnes, R.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Triaud, A. H. M. J.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Triaud, A. H. M. J.] Swiss Natl Sci Fdn, Zurich, Switzerland. [Cameron, A. Collier] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Joner, M. D.; Laney, C. D.; Stephens, D. C.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Stassun, K. G.; Cargile, P. A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Stassun, K. G.] Fisk Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. [Montanes-Rodriguez, P.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Tenerife 382000, Spain. [Montanes-Rodriguez, P.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, San Cristobal la Laguna 38206, Spain. RP Chew, YGM (reprint author), Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. EM y.gomez@warwick.ac.uk RI Morales, Juan Carlos/H-5548-2015; OI Morales, Juan Carlos/0000-0003-0061-518X; Cameron, Andrew/0000-0002-8863-7828 FU European Community [RG226604]; NSF [NSF AST-1009810, AST97-31180, AST0618209]; Swiss National Science Foundation [P300P2-147773]; Spanish MINECO [AYA2012-36666]; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds; Pennsylvania State University; Eberly College of Science; Pennsylvania Space Grant Consortium; Kitt Peak National Observatory; FEDER FX The authors would like to thank Isabelle Baraffe, Ignasi Ribas and Barry Smalley for helpful discussions. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement number RG226604 (OPTICON). L. H. H. acknowledges funding support from NSF grant, NSF AST-1009810. A.H.M.J. Triaud received funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation in the form of an Advanced Mobility post-doctoral fellowship (P300P2-147773). E. G. M. was supported by the Spanish MINECO project AYA2012-36666 with FEDER support. R. D. and S. M. acknowledge funding support from the Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds. The Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds is supported by the Pennsylvania State University, the Eberly College of Science, and the Pennsylvania Space Grant Consortium. The Hobby-Eberly Telescope (HET) is a joint project of the University of Texas at Austin, the Pennsylvania State University, Stanford University, Ludwig-Maximilians Universitat Munchen, and Georg-August-Universitat Gottingen. The HET is named in honour of its principal benefactors, William P. Hobby and Robert E. Eberly. This research is based on observations made with the Nordic Optical Telescope, operated by the Nordic Optical Telescope Scientific Association at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain, of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, as well as from Kitt Peak National Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. FLAMINGOS was designed and constructed by the IR instrumentation group (PI: Elston) at the University of Florida, Department of Astronomy, with support from NSF grant AST97-31180 and Kitt Peak National Observatory. The BYU West Mountain Observatory 0.91 m telescope was supported by NSF grant AST0618209 during the time these observations were secured. This work was conducted in part using the resources of the Advanced Computing Center for Research and Education at Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN. NR 104 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 572 AR A50 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424265 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW2ET UT WOS:000346101700068 ER PT J AU Garcia, RA Ceillier, T Salabert, D Mathur, S van Saders, JL Pinsonneault, M Ballot, J Beck, PG Bloemen, S Campante, TL Davies, GR do Nascimento, JD Mathis, S Metcalfe, TS Nielsen, MB Suarez, JC Chaplin, WJ Jimenez, A Karoff, C AF Garcia, R. A. Ceillier, T. Salabert, D. Mathur, S. van Saders, J. L. Pinsonneault, M. Ballot, J. Beck, P. G. Bloemen, S. Campante, T. L. Davies, G. R. do Nascimento, J. -D., Jr. Mathis, S. Metcalfe, T. S. Nielsen, M. B. Suarez, J. C. Chaplin, W. J. Jimenez, A. Karoff, C. TI Rotation and magnetism of Kepler pulsating solar-like stars Towards asteroseismically calibrated age-rotation relations SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE asteroseismology; stars: activity; stars: rotation; stars: solar-type; stars: evolution; stars: oscillations ID MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; RED-GIANT STARS; STELLAR DIFFERENTIAL ROTATION; SUN-LIKE STAR; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM; CHROMOSPHERIC-ACTIVITY; PHOTOMETRIC VARIABILITY; INTERNAL-ROTATION; BINARY-SYSTEMS; GRAVITY MODES AB Kepler ultra-high precision photometry of long and continuous observations provides a unique dataset in which surface rotation and variability can be studied for thousands of stars. Because many of these old field stars also have independently measured asteroseismic ages, measurements of rotation and activity are particularly interesting in the context of age-rotation-activity relations. In particular, age-rotation relations generally lack good calibrators at old ages, a problem that this Kepler sample of old-field stars is uniquely suited to address. We study the surface rotation and photometric magnetic activity of a subset of 540 solar-like stars on the main-sequence and the subgiant branch for which stellar pulsations have been measured. The rotation period was determined by comparing the results from two different analysis methods: i) the projection onto the frequency domain of the time-period analysis, and ii) the autocorrelation function of the light curves. Reliable surface rotation rates were then extracted by comparing the results from two different sets of calibrated data and from the two complementary analyses. General photometric levels of magnetic activity in this sample of stars were also extracted by using a photometric activity index, which takes into account the rotation period of the stars. We report rotation periods for 310 out of 540 targets (excluding known binaries and candidate planet-host stars); our measurements span a range of 1 to 100 days. The photometric magnetic activity levels of these stars were computed, and for 61.5% of the dwarfs, this level is similar to the range, from minimum to maximum, of the solar magnetic activity. We demonstrate that hot dwarfs, cool dwarfs, and subgiants have very different rotation-age relationships, highlighting the importance of separating out distinct populations when interpreting stellar rotation periods. Our sample of cool dwarf stars with age and metallicity data of the highest quality is consistent with gyrochronology relations reported in the literature. C1 [Garcia, R. A.; Ceillier, T.; Salabert, D.; Beck, P. G.; Davies, G. R.; Mathis, S.] CEA DSM CNRS Univ Paris Diderot IRFU SAp, Lab AIM, Ctr Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Mathur, S.; Metcalfe, T. S.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [van Saders, J. L.; Pinsonneault, M.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Ballot, J.] CNRS, Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Ballot, J.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Beck, P. G.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Sterrenkunde, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium. [Bloemen, S.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Campante, T. L.; Davies, G. R.; Chaplin, W. J.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Phys & Astron, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [do Nascimento, J. -D., Jr.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [do Nascimento, J. -D., Jr.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, DFTE, BR-59072970 Natal, RN, Brazil. [Metcalfe, T. S.] Aarhus Univ, Stellar Astrophys Ctr, Dept Phys & Astron, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Nielsen, M. B.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Nielsen, M. B.] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Suarez, J. C.] Inst Astrofis Andalucia CSIC, Granada 3004, Spain. [Jimenez, A.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain. [Jimenez, A.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Tenerife 38205, Spain. RP Garcia, RA (reprint author), CEA DSM CNRS Univ Paris Diderot IRFU SAp, Lab AIM, Ctr Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM rgarcia@cea.fr RI do Nascimento, Jose Dias/D-2416-2014; Karoff, Christoffer/L-1007-2013; Suarez, Juan Carlos/C-1015-2009; OI do Nascimento, Jose Dias/0000-0001-7804-2145; Karoff, Christoffer/0000-0003-2009-7965; Suarez, Juan Carlos/0000-0003-3649-8384; Davies, Guy/0000-0002-4290-7351; Metcalfe, Travis/0000-0003-4034-0416; Garcia, Rafael/0000-0002-8854-3776 FU NASA's Science Mission Directorate; KASC Working Group 1; International Space Science Institute (ISSI); National Science Foundation [NSF PHY05-51164]; European Communitys Seventh Framework Programme [312844, 269194]; Research Council of the KU Leuven [GOA/2013/012]; Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM), Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO); CNES GOLF grant; CNES CoRoT grant; ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche, France) [ANR-12-BS05-0008]; Danish National Research Foundation [DNRF106]; ASTERISK project (ASTERoseismic Investigations with SONG and Kepler) - European Research Council [267864]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SFB 963/1]; European Communitys Seventh Framework Programme under the ERC [227224] FX The authors wish to thank the entire Kepler team, without whom these results would not be possible. Funding for this Discovery mission is provided by NASA's Science Mission Directorate. We also thank all funding councils and agencies that have supported the activities of KASC Working Group 1, as well as the International Space Science Institute (ISSI). This research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. NSF PHY05-51164. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Communitys Seventh Framework Programme ([FP7/2007-2013]) under grant agreement No. 312844 (SPACEINN), under grant agreement No. 269194 (IRSES/ASK), under the ERC grant agreement No. 227224 (PROSPERITY), and from the Research Council of the KU Leuven under grant agreement GOA/2013/012. S. B. is supported by the Foundation for Fundamental Research on Matter (FOM), which is part of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). D. S., R. A. G., S. M., and T. C. received funding from the CNES GOLF and CoRoT grants at CEA. R. A. G. also acknowledges the ANR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche, France) program IDEE (n ANR-12-BS05-0008) "Interaction Des Etoiles et des Exoplanetes". The Danish National Research Foundation (Grant agreement No.: DNRF106). The research is supported by the ASTERISK project (ASTERoseismic Investigations with SONG and Kepler) funded by the European Research Council (Grant agreement No.: 267864). MBN acknowledges research funding by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under grant SFB 963/1 "Astrophysical flow instabilities and turbulence" (Project A18). This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. NR 124 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 4 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 572 AR A34 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201423888 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW2ET UT WOS:000346101700050 ER PT J AU Hendricks, B Koch, A Walker, M Johnson, CI Penarrubia, J Gilmore, G AF Hendricks, Benjamin Koch, Andreas Walker, Matthew Johnson, Christian I. Penarrubia, Jorge Gilmore, Gerard TI Insights from the outskirts: Chemical and dynamical properties in the outer parts of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: individual: Fornax; galaxies: abundances; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: dwarf; galaxies: stellar content; galaxies: kinematics and dynamics ID RED GIANT BRANCH; CA II TRIPLET; CLUSTER METALLICITY SCALE; STAR-FORMATION HISTORIES; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; LOCAL GROUP; MILKY-WAY; MASS-LOSS; STELLAR POPULATIONS; EVOLUTION HISTORY AB We present radial velocities and [Fe/H] abundances for 340 stars in the Fornax dwarf spheroidal from R similar to 16 000 spectra. The targets were obtained in the outer parts of the galaxy, a region that has been poorly studied. Our sample shows a wide range in [Fe/H], between -0.5 and -3.0 dex, in which we detect three subgroups. Removal of stars belonging to the most metal-rich population produces a truncated metallicity distribution function that is identical to Sculptor, indicating that these systems shared a similar early evolution, except that Fornax experienced a late, intense period of star formation (SF). The derived age-metallicity relation shows a fast increase in [Fe/H] at early ages, after which the enrichment flattens significantly for stars younger than similar to 8Gyr. Additionally, the data indicate a strong population of stars around 4Gyr, followed by a second rapid enrichment in [Fe/H]. A leaky-box chemical enrichment model generally matches the observed relation but predicts neither a significant population of young stars nor strong enrichment at late times. The young population in Fornax may therefore stem from an externally triggered SF event. Our dynamical analysis reveals an increasing velocity dispersion with decreasing [Fe/H] from sigma(sys) approximate to 7.5 km s(-1) to >= 14 km s(-1). The large velocity dispersion at low metallicities is possibly the result of a non-Gaussian velocity distribution among stars older than similar to 8 Gyr. Our sample also includes members from the Fornax globular clusters H2 and H5. In agreement with past studies we find [Fe/H] = -2.04 +/- 0.04 and a mean radial velocity RV = 59.36 +/- 0.31 km s(-1) for H2 and [Fe/H] = -2.02 +/- 0.11 and RV = 59.39 +/- 0.44 km s(-1) for H5. Finally, we test different calibrations of the calcium triplet over more than 2 dex in [Fe/H] and find best agreement with the calibration equations provided by Carrera et al. (2013, MNRAS, 434, 1681). Overall, we find high complexity in the chemical and dynamical properties, with signatures that additionally vary with galactocentric distance. Detailed knowledge about the properties of stars at all radii is therefore needed to draw a conclusive picture about the star formation and chemical evolution in Fornax. C1 [Hendricks, Benjamin; Koch, Andreas] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Landessternwarte, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Walker, Matthew] Carnegie Mellon Univ, McWilliams Ctr Cosmol, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Johnson, Christian I.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Penarrubia, Jorge] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Gilmore, Gerard] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 OHA, England. RP Hendricks, B (reprint author), Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Landessternwarte, Konigstuhl 12, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. EM ben.hendricks@lsw.uni-heidelberg.de OI Koch, Andreas/0000-0002-9859-4956; Walker, Matthew/0000-0003-2496-1925 FU German Research Foundation (DFG) [Ko 4161/1]; DFG [Sonderforschungsbereich SFB 881, A5]; Clay Fellowship; European Union FP7 program through ERC [320360] FX B. Hendricks thanks G. Battaglia for providing the extended catalog of EWs of Fornax field stars, and T. de Boer for the tables with photometric SFRs. We thank G. Battaglia and an anonymous referee for a careful reading of the manuscript and helpful comments which improved the content of this paper. B.H. and A.K. acknowledge the German Research Foundation (DFG) for funding from Emmy-Noether grant Ko 4161/1. This work was in part supported by Sonderforschungsbereich SFB 881 "The Milky Way System" (subproject A5) of the DFG. C.I.J. acknowledges support through the Clay Fellowship administered by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. This work was partly supported by the European Union FP7 program through ERC grant number 320360. NR 89 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 572 AR A82 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424645 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW2ET UT WOS:000346101700103 ER PT J AU Karska, A Kristensen, LE van Dishoeck, EF Drozdovskaya, MN Mottram, JC Herczeg, GJ Bruderer, S Cabrit, S Evans, NJ Fedele, D Gusdorf, A Jorgensen, JK Kaufman, MJ Melnick, GJ Neufeld, DA Nisini, B Santangelo, G Tafalla, M Wampfler, SF AF Karska, A. Kristensen, L. E. van Dishoeck, E. F. Drozdovskaya, M. N. Mottram, J. C. Herczeg, G. J. Bruderer, S. Cabrit, S. Evans, N. J., II Fedele, D. Gusdorf, A. Jorgensen, J. K. Kaufman, M. J. Melnick, G. J. Neufeld, D. A. Nisini, B. Santangelo, G. Tafalla, M. Wampfler, S. F. TI Shockingly low water abundances in Herschel/PACS observations of low-mass protostars in Perseus SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE astrochemistry; stars: formation; ISM: jets and outflows ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; STAR-FORMING REGIONS; HIGH-J CO; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; MAGNETIC MOLECULAR SHOCKS; TIME DIGIT HERSCHEL; SPITZER C2D SURVEY; NGC 1333; LINE EMISSION; H-2 EMISSION AB Context. Protostars interact with their surroundings through jets and winds impinging on the envelope and creating shocks, but the nature of these shocks is still poorly understood. Aims. Our aim is to survey far-infrared molecular line emission from a uniform and significant sample of deeply-embedded low-mass young stellar objects (YSOs) in order to characterize shocks and the possible role of ultraviolet radiation in the immediate protostellar environment. Methods. Herschel/PACS spectral maps of 22 objects in the Perseus molecular cloud were obtained as part of the William Herschel Line Legacy WILL) survey. Line emission from H2O, CO, and OH is tested against shock models from the literature. Results. Observed line ratios are remarkably similar and do not show variations with physical parameters of the sources (luminosity, envelope mass). Most ratios are also comparable to those found at off-source outflow positions. Observations show good agreement with the shock models when line ratios of the same species are compared. Ratios of various H2O lines provide a particularly good diagnostic of pre-shock gas densities, n(H) similar to 10(5) cm(-3), in agreement with typical densities obtained from observations of the post-shock gas when a compression factor on the order of 10 is applied (for non-dissociative shocks). The corresponding shock velocities, obtained from comparison with CO line ratios, are above 20 km s(-1). However, the observations consistently show H2O-to-CO and H2O-to-OH line ratios that are one to two orders of magnitude lower than predicted by the existing shock models. Conclusions. The overestimated model H2O fluxes are most likely caused by an overabundance of H2O in the models since the excitation is well-reproduced. Illumination of the shocked material by ultraviolet photons produced either in the star-disk system or, more locally, in the shock, would decrease the H2O abundances and reconcile the models with observations. Detections of hot H2O and strong OH lines support this scenario. C1 [Karska, A.; van Dishoeck, E. F.; Bruderer, S.; Fedele, D.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Karska, A.; van Dishoeck, E. F.; Drozdovskaya, M. N.; Mottram, J. C.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Karska, A.; Melnick, G. J.] Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Astron Observ, PL-60268 Poznan, Poland. [Kristensen, L. E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Herczeg, G. J.] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Cabrit, S.] Univ Cergy Pontoise, Univ Paris 06, Ecole Normale Super, LERMA,Observ Paris,CNRS,UMR 8112, F-75014 Paris, France. [Evans, N. J., II] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Gusdorf, A.] Ecole Normale Super, Observ Paris, LERMA, CNRS,UMR 8112, F-75231 Paris 05, France. [Jorgensen, J. K.; Wampfler, S. F.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. [Jorgensen, J. K.; Wampfler, S. F.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Star & Planet Format, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Kaufman, M. J.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. [Neufeld, D. A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Nisini, B.; Santangelo, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Tafalla, M.] Observatorio Astron Nacl IGN, Madrid 28014, Spain. RP Karska, A (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM agata.karska@gmail.com RI Wampfler, Susanne/D-2270-2015; Kristensen, Lars/F-4774-2011; Fedele, Davide/L-8688-2013; Karska, Agata/O-5311-2016; OI Wampfler, Susanne/0000-0002-3151-7657; Kristensen, Lars/0000-0003-1159-3721; Fedele, Davide/0000-0001-6156-0034; Karska, Agata/0000-0001-8913-925X; , Brunella Nisini/0000-0002-9190-0113 FU Polish National Science Center [2013/111N/ST9/00400]; Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA); Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW); Spinoza grant; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [614.001.008]; European Conununity [238258]; NASA through Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology FX Herschel is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA. A.K. acknowledges support from the Polish National Science Center grant 2013/111N/ST9/00400. Astrochemistry in Leiden is supported by the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA), by a Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) professor prize, by a Spinoza grant and grant 614.001.008 from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), and by the European Conununity's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013 under grant agreement 238258 (LASSIE). N.J.E. was supported by NASA through an award issued by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. NR 121 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 572 AR A9 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424166 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW2ET UT WOS:000346101700111 ER PT J AU Mottram, JC Kristensen, LE van Dishoeck, EF Bruderer, S San Jose-Garcia, I Karska, A Visser, R Santangelo, G Benz, AO Bergin, EA Caselli, P Herpin, F Hogerheijde, MR Johnstone, D van Kempen, TA Liseau, R Nisini, B Tafalla, M van der Tak, FFS Wyrowski, F AF Mottram, J. C. Kristensen, L. E. van Dishoeck, E. F. Bruderer, S. San Jose-Garcia, I. Karska, A. Visser, R. Santangelo, G. Benz, A. O. Bergin, E. A. Caselli, P. Herpin, F. Hogerheijde, M. R. Johnstone, D. van Kempen, T. A. Liseau, R. Nisini, B. Tafalla, M. van der Tak, F. F. S. Wyrowski, F. TI Water in star-forming regions with Herschel (WISH) SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: formation; ISM: jets and outflows; ISM: molecules; stars: protostars ID LOW-MASS PROTOSTARS; KELVIN-HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITY; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; C-TYPE SHOCKS; INNER 100 AU; PROTOSTELLAR OUTFLOWS; KEY PROGRAM; ROTATIONAL-EXCITATION; SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM AB Context. Outflows are an important part of the star formation process as both the result of ongoing active accretion and one of the main sources of mechanical feedback on small scales. Water is the ideal tracer of these effects because it is present in high abundance for the conditions expected in various parts of the protostar, particularly the outflow. Aims. We constrain and quantify the physical conditions probed by water in the outflow-jet system for Class 0 and I sources. Methods. We present velocity-resolved Herschel HIFI spectra of multiple water-transitions observed towards 29 nearby Class 0/I protostars as part of the WISH guaranteed time key programme. The lines are decomposed into different Gaussian components, with each component related to one of three parts of the protostellar system; quiescent envelope, cavity shock and spot shocks in the jet and at the base of the outflow. We then use non-LTE radex models to constrain the excitation conditions present in the two outflow-related components. Results. Water emission at the source position is optically thick but effectively thin, with line ratios that do not vary with velocity, in contrast to CO. The physical conditions of the cavity and spot shocks are similar, with post-shock H-2 densities of order 10(5) -10(8) cm(-3) and H2O column densities of order 10(16) -10(18) cm(-2). H2O emission originates in compact emitting regions: for the spot shocks these correspond to point sources with radii of order 10-200 AU, while for the cavity shocks these come from a thin layer along the outflow cavity wall with thickness of order 1-30 AU. Conclusions. Water emission at the source position traces two distinct kinematic components in the outflow; J shocks at the base of the outflow or in the jet, and C shocks in a thin layer in the cavity wall. The similarity of the physical conditions is in contrast to off-source determinations which show similar densities but lower column densities and larger filling factors. We propose that this is due to the differences in shock properties and geometry between these positions. Class I sources have similar excitation conditions to Class 0 sources, but generally smaller line-widths and emitting region sizes. We suggest that it is the velocity of the wind driving the outflow, rather than the decrease in envelope density or mass, that is the cause of the decrease in H2O intensity between Class 0 and I sources. C1 [Mottram, J. C.; van Dishoeck, E. F.; San Jose-Garcia, I.; Hogerheijde, M. R.; van Kempen, T. A.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Kristensen, L. E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [van Dishoeck, E. F.; Bruderer, S.; Karska, A.; Caselli, P.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Visser, R.; Bergin, E. A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Santangelo, G.] Osserv Astrofis Arcetri, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Santangelo, G.; Nisini, B.] Osserv Astron Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Benz, A. O.] ETH, Inst Astron, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Caselli, P.] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Herpin, F.] Univ Bordeaux, Observ Aquitain Sci Univers, F-33270 Floirac, France. [Herpin, F.] CNRS, LAB, UMR 5804, Lab Astrophys Bordeaux, F-33270 Floirac, France. [Johnstone, D.] Joint Astron Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Johnstone, D.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8W 3P6, Canada. [Johnstone, D.] NRC Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Liseau, R.] Chalmers, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Onsala Space Observ, S-43992 Onsala, Sweden. [Tafalla, M.] Observ Astron Nacl IGN, Madrid 28014, Spain. [van der Tak, F. F. S.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [van der Tak, F. F. S.] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Wyrowski, F.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. RP Mottram, JC (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM mottram@strw.leidenuniv.nl RI Kristensen, Lars/F-4774-2011; Karska, Agata/O-5311-2016; OI Kristensen, Lars/0000-0003-1159-3721; Karska, Agata/0000-0001-8913-925X; , Brunella Nisini/0000-0002-9190-0113 FU Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [614.001.008]; Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA); Spinoza grant; European Community's Seventh Framework Programme FP7 [238258] FX Acknowledgements. The authors would like to thank the anonymous referee and Gary Melnick for helpful comments which improved the clarity and content of the paper, and U. Yildiz for assistance with HIPE and data reduction. JCM is funded by grant 614.001.008 from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). Astrochemistry in Leiden is supported by the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA), by a Spinoza grant and by the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/ 2007-2013 under grant agreement 238258 (LASSIE). HIFI has been designed and built by a consortium of institutes and university departments from across Europe, Canada and the United States under the leadership of SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Groningen, The Netherlands and with major contributions from Germany, France and the US. Consortium members are: Canada: CSA, U. Waterloo; France: CESR, LAB, LERMA, IRAM; Germany: KOSMA, MPIfR, MPS; Ireland, NUI Maynooth; Italy: ASI, IFSI-INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri-INAF; Netherlands: SRON, TUD; Poland: CAMK, CBK; Spain: Observatorio Astron~mico Nacional (IGN), Centro de Astrobiolog~a (CSIC-INTA). Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology -MC2, RSS & GARD; Onsala Space Observatory; Swedish National Space Board, Stockholm University -Stockholm Observatory; Switzerland: ETH Zurich, FHNW; USA: Caltech, JPL, NHSC. NR 88 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 9 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 EI 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 572 AR A21 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424267 PG 49 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW2ET UT WOS:000346101700036 ER PT J AU Richards, AMS Impellizzeri, CMV Humphreys, EM Vlahakis, C Vlemmings, W Baudry, A De Beck, E Decin, L Etoka, S Gray, MD Harper, GM Hunter, TR Kervella, P Kerschbaum, F McDonald, I Melnick, G Muller, S Neufeld, D O'Gorman, F Parfenov, SY Peck, AB Shinnaga, H Sobolev, AM Testi, L Uscanga, L Wootten, A Yates, JA Zijlstra, A AF Richards, A. M. S. Impellizzeri, C. M. V. Humphreys, E. M. Vlahakis, C. Vlemmings, W. Baudry, A. De Beck, E. Decin, L. Etoka, S. Gray, M. D. Harper, G. M. Hunter, T. R. Kervella, P. Kerschbaum, F. McDonald, I. Melnick, G. Muller, S. Neufeld, D. O'Gorman, F. Parfenov, S. Yu. Peck, A. B. Shinnaga, H. Sobolev, A. M. Testi, L. Uscanga, L. Wootten, A. Yates, J. A. Zijlstra, A. TI ALMA sub-mm maser and dust distribution of VY Canis Majoris SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: individual: VY CMa; supergiants; stars: mass-loss; masers ID SUBMILLIMETER WATER MASERS; RED SUPERGIANT STARS; RATE COEFFICIENTS; EVOLVED STARS; AGB STARS; EMISSION; ATMOSPHERES; EXCITATION; MORPHOLOGY; ENVELOPE AB Aims. Cool, evolved stars have copious, enriched winds. Observations have so far not fully constrained models for the shaping and acceleration of these winds. We need to understand the dynamics better, from the pulsating stellar surface to similar to 10 stellar radii, where radiation pressure on dust is fully effective. Asymmetric nebulae around some red supergiants imply the action of additional forces. Methods. We retrieved ALMA Science Verification data providing images of sub-mm line and continuum emission from VY CMa. This enables us to locate water masers with milli-arcsec accuracy and to resolve the dusty continuum. Results. The 658, 321, and 325 GHz masers lie in irregular, thick shells at increasing distances from the centre of expansion. For the first time this is confirmed as the stellar position, coinciding with a compact peak offset to the NW of the brightest continuum emission. The maser shells overlap but avoid each other on scales of up to 10 au. Their distribution is broadly consistent with excitation models but the conditions and kinematics are complicated by wind collisions, clumping, and asymmetries. C1 [Richards, A. M. S.; Gray, M. D.; McDonald, I.; Zijlstra, A.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, JBCA, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Impellizzeri, C. M. V.; Hunter, T. R.; Peck, A. B.; Wootten, A.] NRAO, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Humphreys, E. M.; Testi, L.] ESO Karl, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Impellizzeri, C. M. V.; Vlahakis, C.] European Southern Observ, Joint ALMA Observ, Santiago 3107, Chile. [Vlemmings, W.; De Beck, E.; Muller, S.; O'Gorman, F.] Chalmers, Onsala Space Observ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, S-43992 Onsala, Sweden. [Baudry, A.] Univ Bordeaux, LAB, UMR 5804, F-33270 Floirac, France. [Baudry, A.] CNRS, LAB, UMR 5804, F-33270 Floirac, France. [Decin, L.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Sterrenkunde, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium. [Etoka, S.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Harper, G. M.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Kervella, P.] Univ Paris Diderot, UPMC, Observ Paris, CNRS,LESIA,PSL, F-92195 Meudon, France. [Kervella, P.] CNRS, INSU, UMI 3386, UMI FCA, F-75700 Paris, France. [Kervella, P.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Kerschbaum, F.] Univ Vienna, Dept Astrophys, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Melnick, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Neufeld, D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Parfenov, S. Yu.; Sobolev, A. M.] Ural Fed Univ, Ekaterinburg, Russia. [Shinnaga, H.] NAOJ, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Uscanga, L.] Natl Observ Athens, IAASARS, Athens 15236, Greece. [Yates, J. A.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. RP Richards, AMS (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, JBCA, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. EM amsr@jb.man.ac.uk RI Uscanga, Lucero/C-5850-2014; OI /0000-0002-9931-1313; Hunter, Todd/0000-0001-6492-0090; Richards, Anita/0000-0002-3880-2450; De Beck, Elvire/0000-0002-7441-7189; /0000-0002-2700-9916 FU Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/J001511/1] NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 572 AR L9 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201425024 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW2ET UT WOS:000346101700132 ER PT J AU Schmalzl, M Visser, R Walsh, C Albertsson, T van Dishoeck, EF Kristensen, LE Mottram, JC AF Schmalzl, M. Visser, R. Walsh, C. Albertsson, T. van Dishoeck, E. F. Kristensen, L. E. Mottram, J. C. TI Water in low-mass star-forming regions with Herschel The link between water gas and ice in protostellar envelopes SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ISM: abundances; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; ISM: molecules; stars: formation ID COMPLEX ORGANIC-MOLECULES; DENSE INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; TAURUS DARK CLOUDS; DUST GRAINS; DEUTERIUM FRACTIONATION; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; EMBEDDED PROTOSTARS; THERMAL-DESORPTION AB Aims. Our aim is to determine the critical parameters in water chemistry and the contribution of water to the oxygen budget by observing and modelling water gas and ice for a sample of eleven low-mass protostars, for which both forms of water have been observed. Methods. A simplified chemistry network, which is benchmarked against more sophisticated chemical networks, is developed that includes the necessary ingredients to determine the water vapour and ice abundance profiles in the cold, outer envelope in which the temperature increases towards the protostar. Comparing the results from this chemical network to observations of water emission lines and previously published water ice column densities, allows us to probe the influence of various agents (e.g., far-ultraviolet (FUV) field, initial abundances, timescales, and kinematics). Results. The observed water ice abundances with respect to hydrogen nuclei in our sample are 30-80 ppm, and therefore contain only 10-30% of the volatile oxygen budget of 320 ppm. The keys to reproduce this result are a low initial water ice abundance after the pre-collapse phase together with the fact that atomic oxygen cannot freeze-out and form water ice in regions with T-dust greater than or similar to 15K. This requires short prestellar core lifetimes less than or similar to 0.1Myr. The water vapour profile is shaped through the interplay of FUV photodesorption, photodissociation, and freeze-out. The water vapour line profiles are an invaluable tracer for the FUV photon flux and envelope kinematics. Conclusions. The finding that only a fraction of the oxygen budget is locked in water ice can be explained either by a short precollapse time of less than or similar to 0.1Myr at densities of n(H) similar to 10(4) cm(-3), or by some other process that resets the initial water ice abundance for the post-collapse phase. A key for the understanding of the water ice abundance is the binding energy of atomic oxygen on ice. C1 [Schmalzl, M.; Walsh, C.; van Dishoeck, E. F.; Kristensen, L. E.; Mottram, J. C.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Visser, R.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Albertsson, T.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Kristensen, L. E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [van Dishoeck, E. F.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RP Schmalzl, M (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM schmalzl@strw.leidenuniv.nl RI Kristensen, Lars/F-4774-2011 OI Kristensen, Lars/0000-0003-1159-3721 FU NASA; National Science Foundation [1008800]; European Union A-ERC grant [291141 CHEMPLAN]; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [614.001.008]; Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA); Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) professor prize; Spinoza grant; European Community's Seventh Framework Programme FP7 [238258] FX M.S. would like to thank Ted Bergin, Eric Keto and Paola Caselli for a useful discussions and help with the development of SWaN, and Coryn Bailer-Jones for assistance with the statistical analysis. M.S. acknowledges support from NOVA, the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy. M.S. also acknowledges the use of astropy (Astropy Collaboration 2013), NumPy, SciPy, and matplotlib (Hunter 2007). This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services (ADS). R.V. is supported by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech and by the National Science Foundation under grant 1008800. C.W. acknowledges support from the European Union A-ERC grant 291141 CHEMPLAN and financial support (via a Veni award) from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). Astrochemistry in Leiden is supported by the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA), by a Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) professor prize, by a Spinoza grant and grant 614.001.008 from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), and by the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013 under grant agreement 238258 (LASSIE). HIFI has been designed and built by a consortium of institutes and university departments from across Europe, Canada and the United States under the leadership of SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Groningen, The Netherlands and with major contributions from Germany, France and the US. Consortium members are: Canada: CSA, U. Waterloo; France: CESR, LAB, LERMA, IRAM; Germany: KOSMA, MPIfR, MPS; Ireland, NUI Maynooth; Italy: ASI, IFSI-INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri-INAF; Netherlands: SRON, TUD; Poland: CAMK, CBK; Spain: Observatorio Astronomico Nacional (IGN), Centro de Astrobiologia (CSIC-INTA). Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology - MC2, RSS & GARD; Onsala Space Observatory; Swedish National Space Board, Stockholm University - Stockholm Observatory; Switzerland: ETH Zurich, FHNW; USA: Caltech, JPL, NHSC. NR 97 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 572 AR A81 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424236 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AW2ET UT WOS:000346101700102 ER PT J AU Mantilleri, A Lanuza-Garay, A Bartolozzi, L AF Mantilleri, Antoine Lanuza-Garay, Alfredo Bartolozzi, Luca TI A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS NEACRATUS ALONSO-ZARAZAGA, LYAL, BARTOLOZZI, AND SFORZI (COLEOPTERA: BRENTIDAE: ACRATINI) FROM CENTRAL AMERICA SO COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE straight-snout weevil; taxonomy; Neotropical region; Panama; Costa Rica AB Neacratus antennatus Mantilleri, Lanuza-Garay, and Bartolozzi, new species, a straight-snout weevil from Central America, is described and illustrated. Although the new taxon shows very peculiar antennal and elytral apices, it is provisionally included in the genus Neacratus Alonso-Zarazaga, Lyal, Bartolozzi, and Sforzi, 1999. The new species is compared with other Neacratus species, particularly to Neacratus glabratus (Lund, 1800), the type species of the genus. C1 [Mantilleri, Antoine] Museum Natl Hist Nat, F-75231 Paris 05, France. [Lanuza-Garay, Alfredo] Univ Panama, Ctr Reg Univ Colon, Dept Zool, Panama City, Panama. [Lanuza-Garay, Alfredo] Univ Panama, Estafeta Univ, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Punta Galeta Marine Lab,Programa Ctr Amer Maestri, Panama City 084303092, Panama. [Bartolozzi, Luca] Univ Florence, Sez Zool La Specola, Museo Storia Nat, I-50125 Florence, Italy. RP Mantilleri, A (reprint author), Museum Natl Hist Nat, CP 50,57 Rue Cuvier, F-75231 Paris 05, France. EM amantill@mnhn.fr; lanuzaa@si.edu; luca.bartolozzi@unifi.it OI Bartolozzi, Luca/0000-0002-9119-2540 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU COLEOPTERISTS SOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, 413 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES BUILDING, ATHENS, GA 30602-2603 USA SN 0010-065X EI 1938-4394 J9 COLEOPTS BULL JI Coleopt. Bull. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 68 IS 4 BP 757 EP 761 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AW6BQ UT WOS:000346354900014 ER PT J AU Garcia-Robledo, C Kuprewicz, EK Bordignon, L Bahia, TD Rodriguez-Morales, D Aguilar-Arguello, S Hernandez-Lara, C Puga-Ayala, L Del Angel-Pina, C Abella-Medrano, A Martinez-Adriano, CA Delgado-Carrillo, O Garcia-Conejo, M Leon-Solano, H Navarrete-Jimenez, A Bastidas-Martinez, A Martinez-Roldan, H Cuyos-Palacios, M Salinas-Hijar, I Aguirre, A Hernandez-Ortiz, V AF Garcia-Robledo, Carlos Kuprewicz, Erin K. Bordignon, Leandra Bahia, Thaise de Oliveira Rodriguez-Morales, Dulce Aguilar-Argueello, Samuel Hernandez-Lara, Carolina Puga-Ayala, Lizeth Del Angel-Pina, Christian Abella-Medrano, Antonio Martinez-Adriano, Cristian A. Delgado-Carrillo, Oliverio Garcia-Conejo, Michele Leon-Solano, Hector Navarrete-Jimenez, Alejandro Bastidas-Martinez, Anais Martinez-Roldan, Hellen Cuyos-Palacios, Margot Salinas-Hijar, Irayda Aguirre, Armando Hernandez-Ortiz, Vicente TI FIRST RECORD OF THE GENUS CHELOBASIS GRAY, 1832 (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE: CASSIDINAE) IN MEXICO (NORTH AMERICA) SO COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material ID BEETLES C1 [Garcia-Robledo, Carlos; Kuprewicz, Erin K.; Aguilar-Argueello, Samuel; Hernandez-Lara, Carolina; Puga-Ayala, Lizeth; Del Angel-Pina, Christian; Abella-Medrano, Antonio; Martinez-Adriano, Cristian A.; Aguirre, Armando; Hernandez-Ortiz, Vicente] Inst Ecol AC, Xalapa Enriquez, Ver, Mexico. [Garcia-Robledo, Carlos; Kuprewicz, Erin K.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Garcia-Robledo, Carlos; Kuprewicz, Erin K.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Bordignon, Leandra; Bahia, Thaise de Oliveira] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Rodriguez-Morales, Dulce] Univ Veracruzana, Inst Neuroetol, Xalapa, Mexico. [Delgado-Carrillo, Oliverio] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Invest Ecosistemas, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Garcia-Conejo, Michele; Leon-Solano, Hector] Univ Autonoma Estado Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Toluca, Mexico. [Navarrete-Jimenez, Alejandro] Univ Autonoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Bastidas-Martinez, Anais] Inst Venezolano Invest Cient, Caracas, Venezuela. [Martinez-Roldan, Hellen] Univ Autonoma Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala De Xicohtencatl, Tlax, Mexico. [Cuyos-Palacios, Margot; Salinas-Hijar, Irayda] Univ Nacl Agr La Molina, Lima, Peru. RP Garcia-Robledo, C (reprint author), Inst Ecol AC, Xalapa Enriquez, Ver, Mexico. EM carlos.garcia@inecol.mx NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLEOPTERISTS SOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, 413 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES BUILDING, ATHENS, GA 30602-2603 USA SN 0010-065X EI 1938-4394 J9 COLEOPTS BULL JI Coleopt. Bull. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 68 IS 4 BP 774 EP 775 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AW6BQ UT WOS:000346354900018 ER PT J AU Hilton, EJ Mitchell, JC Smith, DG AF Hilton, Eric J. Mitchell, Joseph C. Smith, David G. TI Edward Drinker Cope (1840-1897): Naturalist, Namesake, Icon SO COPEIA LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Hilton, Eric J.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. [Mitchell, Joseph C.] Univ Florida, Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32601 USA. [Smith, David G.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. RP Hilton, EJ (reprint author), Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. EM ehilton@vims.edu; dr.joe.mitchell@gmail.com; smithd@si.edu NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS PI MIAMI PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200 SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA SN 0045-8511 EI 1938-5110 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD DEC PY 2014 IS 4 BP 747 EP 761 DI 10.1643/OT-14-172 PG 15 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AX0AL UT WOS:000346616000015 ER PT J AU Thuiller, W Munkemuller, T Schiffers, KH Georges, D Dullinger, S Eckhart, VM Edwards, TC Gravel, D Kunstler, G Merow, C Moore, K Piedallu, C Vissault, S Zimmermann, NE Zurell, D Schurr, FM AF Thuiller, Wilfried Muenkemueller, Tamara Schiffers, Katja H. Georges, Damien Dullinger, Stefan Eckhart, Vincent M. Edwards, Thomas C., Jr. Gravel, Dominique Kunstler, Georges Merow, Cory Moore, Kara Piedallu, Christian Vissault, Steve Zimmermann, Niklaus E. Zurell, Damaris Schurr, Frank M. TI Does probability of occurrence relate to population dynamics? SO ECOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; LOGISTIC EQUATION; LOCAL ABUNDANCE; HABITAT MODELS; RANGE LIMITS; NICHE; TREES; BIOGEOGRAPHY AB Hutchinson defined species' realized niche as the set of environmental conditions in which populations can persist in the presence of competitors. In terms of demography, the realized niche corresponds to the environments where the intrinsic growth rate (r) of populations is positive. Observed species occurrences should reflect the realized niche when additional processes like dispersal and local extinction lags do not have overwhelming effects. Despite the foundational nature of these ideas, quantitative assessments of the relationship between range-wide demographic performance and occurrence probability have not been made. This assessment is needed both to improve our conceptual understanding of species' niches and ranges and to develop reliable mechanistic models of species geographic distributions that incorporate demography and species interactions. The objective of this study is to analyse how demographic parameters (intrinsic growth rate r and carrying capacity K) and population density (N) relate to occurrence probability (P-occ). We hypothesized that these relationships vary with species' competitive ability. Demographic parameters, density, and occurrence probability were estimated for 108 tree species from four temperate forest inventory surveys (Quebec, western USA, France and Switzerland). We used published information of shade tolerance as indicators of light competition strategy, assuming that high tolerance denotes high competitive capacity in stable forest environments. Interestingly, relationships between demographic parameters and occurrence probability did not vary substantially across degrees of shade tolerance and regions. Although they were influenced by the uncertainty in the estimation of the demographic parameters, we found that r was generally negatively correlated with P-occ, while N, and for most regions K, was generally positively correlated with P-occ. Thus, in temperate forest trees the regions of highest occurrence probability are those with high densities but slow intrinsic population growth rates. The uncertain relationships between demography and occurrence probability suggests caution when linking species distribution and demographic models. C1 [Thuiller, Wilfried; Muenkemueller, Tamara; Schiffers, Katja H.; Georges, Damien] Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Ecol Alpine LECA, FR-38000 Grenoble, France. [Thuiller, Wilfried; Muenkemueller, Tamara; Schiffers, Katja H.; Georges, Damien] CNRS, Lab Ecol Alpine LECA, FR-38000 Grenoble, France. [Dullinger, Stefan] Fac Ctr Biodivers, Dept Conservat Biol Vegetat & Landscape Ecol, AT-1030 Vienna, Austria. [Eckhart, Vincent M.] Grinnell Coll, Dept Biol, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA. [Edwards, Thomas C., Jr.] Utah State Univ, US Geol Survey, Utah Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Edwards, Thomas C., Jr.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Gravel, Dominique; Vissault, Steve] Univ Quebec, Dept Biol Chim & Geog, Rimouski, PQ G5L 3A1, Canada. [Kunstler, Georges] UR Mt Ecosyst, Irstea, St Martin Dheres, France. [Kunstler, Georges] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Merow, Cory] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21307 USA. [Moore, Kara] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Piedallu, Christian] ENGREF, AgroParisTech, UMR1092, Lab Etud Resources Foret Bois LERFOB, Nancy, France. [Piedallu, Christian] Ctr INRA Nancy, INRA, UMR1092, Lab Etud Resources Foret Bois LERFoB, Champenoux, France. [Zimmermann, Niklaus E.; Zurell, Damaris] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, Landscape Dynam Unit, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Zurell, Damaris] Univ Potsdam, Inst Biochem & Biol, DE-14469 Potsdam, Germany. [Schurr, Frank M.] Univ Montpellier 2, Inst Sci Evolut Montpellier, CNRS, UMR 5554, F-34095 Montpellier 5, France. [Schurr, Frank M.] Univ Hohenheim, Inst Landscape & Plant Ecol, DE-70593 Stuttgart, Germany. RP Thuiller, W (reprint author), Univ Grenoble Alpes, Lab Ecol Alpine LECA, FR-38000 Grenoble, France. EM wilfried.thuiller@ujf-grenoble.fr RI Zimmermann, Niklaus/A-4276-2008; Zurell, Damaris/E-2439-2012; THUILLER, Wilfried/G-3283-2010; Kunstler, Georges/F-9179-2012 OI Zimmermann, Niklaus/0000-0003-3099-9604; Zurell, Damaris/0000-0002-4628-3558; THUILLER, Wilfried/0000-0002-5388-5274; Kunstler, Georges/0000-0002-2544-1940 FU European Research Council under European Community [281422]; Danish Council for Independent Research - Natural Sciences [10-085056]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [1046328, 1137366, DEB-0919230]; DFG [WI 3576/1-1]; German Research Foundation (DFG) [SCHU 2259/5-1]; Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within 7th European Community Framework Program [299340]; Rhone-Alpes region [CPER0713 CIRA]; France-Grille FX The research leading to this paper had received funding from the European Research Council under the European Community's Seven Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013 grant agreement no. 281422 (TEEMBIO). This study arose from two workshops entitled 'Advancing concepts and models of species range dynamics: understanding and disentangling processes across scales'. Funding was provided by the Danish Council for Independent Research - Natural Sciences (grant no. 10-085056). CM acknowledges funding from National Science Foundation (NSF) grant 1046328 and NSF grant 1137366. KM acknowledges funding from NSF grant DEB-0919230. DZ acknowledges funding by DFG grant WI 3576/1-1. The work of FMS was supported by German Research Foundation (DFG) grant SCHU 2259/5-1. GK was supported by a Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Program (Demotraits project, no. 299340). We are thankful for access to forest inventory data of France, Quebec, western USA and Switzerland. Most of the computations presented in this paper were performed using the CIMENT infrastructure (https://ciment.ujf-grenoble.fr), which is supported by the Rhone-Alpes region (GRANT CPER0713 CIRA: http://www.ci-ra.org) and France-Grille (www.france-grilles.fr). WT belongs to the LECA, part of Labex OSUG@2020 (ANR10 LABX56). NR 44 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 68 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0906-7590 EI 1600-0587 J9 ECOGRAPHY JI Ecography PD DEC PY 2014 VL 37 IS 12 BP 1155 EP 1166 DI 10.1111/ecog.00836 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AU8MB UT WOS:000345849400002 PM 25722536 ER PT J AU Merow, C Latimer, AM Wilson, AM McMahon, SM Rebelo, AG Silander, JA AF Merow, Cory Latimer, Andrew M. Wilson, Adam M. McMahon, Sean M. Rebelo, Anthony G. Silander, John A., Jr. TI On using integral projection models to generate demographically driven predictions of species' distributions: development and validation using sparse data SO ECOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; RANGE SHIFTS; SOUTH-AFRICA; CAPE FYNBOS; PROTEACEAE; FIRE; NICHE; BIOGEOGRAPHY; RECRUITMENT; DIVERSITY AB Knowledge of species' geographic distributions is critical for understanding and forecasting population dynamics, responses to environmental change, biodiversity patterns, and conservation planning. While many suggestive correlative occurrence models have been used to these ends, progress lies in understanding the underlying population biology that generates patterns of range dynamics. Here, we show how to use a limited quantity of demographic data to produce demographic distribution models (DDMs) using integral projection models for size-structured populations. By modeling survival, growth, and fecundity using regression, integral projection models can interpolate across missing size data and environmental conditions to compensate for limited data. To accommodate the uncertainty associated with limited data and model assumptions, we use Bayesian models to propagate uncertainty through all stages of model development to predictions. DDMs have a number of strengths: 1) DDMs allow a mechanistic understanding of spatial occurrence patterns; 2) DDMs can predict spatial and temporal variation in local population dynamics; 3) DDMs can facilitate extrapolation under altered environmental conditions because one can evaluate the consequences for individual vital rates. To illustrate these features, we construct DDMs for an overstory perennial shrub in the Proteaceae family in the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa. We find that the species' population growth rate is limited most strongly by adult survival throughout the range and by individual growth in higher rainfall regions. While the models predict higher population growth rates in the core of the range under projected climates for 2050, they also suggest that the species faces a threat along arid range margins from the interaction of more frequent fire and drying climate. The results (and uncertainties) are helpful for prioritizing additional sampling of particular demographic parameters along these gradients to iteratively refine projections. In the appendices, we provide fully functional R code to perform all analyses. C1 [Merow, Cory; McMahon, Sean M.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Merow, Cory; Silander, John A., Jr.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Latimer, Andrew M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Wilson, Adam M.] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Rebelo, Anthony G.] South African Natl Biodivers Inst, ZA-0184 Cape Town, South Africa. RP Merow, C (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM cory.merow@gmail.com OI Wilson, Adam/0000-0003-3362-7806 FU NSF [DEB-0516320, DEB-1046328, DEB-1045985, DEB-1137366]; Max Plank Inst. for Demographic Research; NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program [NNX09AN82H]; Yale Climate and Energy Inst. FX This work was supported by NSF grants DEB-0516320 and DEB-1046328 to JAS, DEB-1045985 to AML, and DEB-1137366 to SMM. CM acknowledges financial support from the working group for the Evolutionary Demography laboratory and Modeling the Evolution of Aging independent group of the Max Plank Inst. for Demographic Research. AMW was supported by NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program grant NNX09AN82H and the Yale Climate and Energy Inst. We thank the editor as well as Matthew Aiello-Lammens, Yvonne Buckley, Frank Schurr, and Mark Vanderwel for providing valuable comments to improve the manuscript. NR 81 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 9 U2 74 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0906-7590 EI 1600-0587 J9 ECOGRAPHY JI Ecography PD DEC PY 2014 VL 37 IS 12 BP 1167 EP 1183 DI 10.1111/ecog.00839 PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AU8MB UT WOS:000345849400003 ER PT J AU Merow, C Smith, MJ Edwards, TC Guisan, A McMahon, SM Normand, S Thuiller, W Wuest, RO Zimmermann, NE Elith, J AF Merow, Cory Smith, Mathew J. Edwards, Thomas C., Jr. Guisan, Antoine McMahon, Sean M. Normand, Signe Thuiller, Wilfried Wueest, Rafael O. Zimmermann, Niklaus E. Elith, Jane TI What do we gain from simplicity versus complexity in species distribution models? SO ECOGRAPHY LA English DT Review ID SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION; HABITAT MODELS; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTIONS; VARIABLE IMPORTANCE; REGRESSION-ANALYSIS; ECOLOGICAL THEORY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BETA-FUNCTION; NULL-MODEL; PREDICTION AB Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used to explain and predict species ranges and environmental niches. They are most commonly constructed by inferring species' occurrence-environment relationships using statistical and machine-learning methods. The variety of methods that can be used to construct SDMs (e.g. generalized linear/additive models, tree-based models, maximum entropy, etc.), and the variety of ways that such models can be implemented, permits substantial flexibility in SDM complexity. Building models with an appropriate amount of complexity for the study objectives is critical for robust inference. We characterize complexity as the shape of the inferred occurrence-environment relationships and the number of parameters used to describe them, and search for insights into whether additional complexity is informative or superfluous. By building 'under fit' models, having insufficient flexibility to describe observed occurrence-environment relationships, we risk misunderstanding the factors shaping species distributions. By building 'over fit' models, with excessive flexibility, we risk inadvertently ascribing pattern to noise or building opaque models. However, model selection can be challenging, especially when comparing models constructed under different modeling approaches. Here we argue for a more pragmatic approach: researchers should constrain the complexity of their models based on study objective, attributes of the data, and an understanding of how these interact with the underlying biological processes. We discuss guidelines for balancing under fitting with over fitting and consequently how complexity affects decisions made during model building. Although some generalities are possible, our discussion reflects differences in opinions that favor simpler versus more complex models. We conclude that combining insights from both simple and complex SDM building approaches best advances our knowledge of current and future species ranges. C1 [Merow, Cory; McMahon, Sean M.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21307 USA. [Merow, Cory] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Merow, Cory; Smith, Mathew J.] Microsoft Res, Sci Computat Lab, Cairo CB1 2FB, Egypt. [Edwards, Thomas C., Jr.] Utah State Univ, US Geol Survey, Utah Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Edwards, Thomas C., Jr.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Guisan, Antoine] Univ Lausanne, Dept Ecol & Evolut, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Guisan, Antoine] Univ Lausanne, Inst Earth Surface Dynam, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Normand, Signe; Wueest, Rafael O.; Zimmermann, Niklaus E.] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Normand, Signe] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Thuiller, Wilfried; Wueest, Rafael O.] Univ Grenoble Alpes, LECA, FR-38000 Grenoble, France. [Thuiller, Wilfried; Wueest, Rafael O.] LECA, CNRS 10, FR-38000 Grenoble, France. [Elith, Jane] Univ Melbourne, Ctr Excellence Biosecur Risk Anal, Sch Bot, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. RP Merow, C (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21307 USA. EM cory.merow@gmail.com RI Wuest, Rafael/G-6070-2012; Zimmermann, Niklaus/A-4276-2008; Elith, Jane/F-2022-2015; THUILLER, Wilfried/G-3283-2010; Normand, Signe/A-1561-2012 OI Wuest, Rafael/0000-0001-6047-1945; Zimmermann, Niklaus/0000-0003-3099-9604; Elith, Jane/0000-0002-8706-0326; THUILLER, Wilfried/0000-0002-5388-5274; Normand, Signe/0000-0002-8782-4154 FU Danish Council for Independent Research \ Natural Sciences [10-085056]; NSF [1046328, 1137366]; European Research Council under European Community [281422]; Swiss National Science Foundation [CRS113-125240, PBZHP3_147226]; Australian Research Council [FT0991640] FX This study arose from two workshops entitled 'Advancing concepts and models of species range dynamics: understanding and disentangling processes across scales'. Funding was provided by the Danish Council for Independent Research vertical bar Natural Sciences (grant no. 10-085056 to SN). CM acknowledges funding from NSF grant 1046328 and NSF grant 1137366. WT acknowledges support from the European Research Council under the European Community's Seven Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013 Grant Agreement no. 281422 (TEEMBIO). RW acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation (Synergia Project CRS113-125240, Early Postdoc Mobility Grant PBZHP3_147226). JE acknowledges funding from the Australian Research Council (grant FT0991640). TE states that mention any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 104 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 16 U2 153 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0906-7590 EI 1600-0587 J9 ECOGRAPHY JI Ecography PD DEC PY 2014 VL 37 IS 12 BP 1267 EP 1281 DI 10.1111/ecog.00845 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AU8MB UT WOS:000345849400011 ER PT J AU Thorup, K Korner-Nievergelt, F Cohen, EB Baillie, SR AF Thorup, Kasper Korner-Nievergelt, Fraenzi Cohen, Emily B. Baillie, Stephen R. TI Large-scale spatial analysis of ringing and re-encounter data to infer movement patterns: A review including methodological perspectives SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE re-encounter probability; observer bias; spatial distribution; migration; bird ringing; bird banding; migratory connectivity ID ESTIMATING MIGRATORY CONNECTIVITY; WARBLER ACROCEPHALUS-PALUDICOLA; STABLE-ISOTOPES; BIRD MIGRATION; RECOVERY DATA; WINTER DISTRIBUTION; MARKED INDIVIDUALS; INTRINSIC MARKERS; SPECIES RICHNESS; HABITAT QUALITY AB A major aim of bird ringing is to provide information about the migration and movements of bird populations. However, in comparison with demographic studies, little research has been devoted to improving quantitative inferences through large-scale spatial analyses. This represents a serious knowledge gap because robust information on geographical linkages of migratory populations throughout the annual cycle is necessary to understand the ecology and evolution of migrants and for the conservation and management of populations. Here, we review recent developments and emerging opportunities for the quantitative study of movements of bird populations based on marked birds. Large-scale spatial analyses of ringing data need to account for spatiotemporal variation in re-encounter probability and the complexity of movement processes, including variability among individuals and populations in migration direction and distance. We identify seven recent studies that used quantitative methods for large-scale spatial analyses of ringing and re-encounter data gathered by national ringing centres. In most cases, numbers ringed and recovered in a series of source and destination areas were used to derive estimates of the proportion of each source population travelling to each destination area. Where recovery data were sparse, precision was improved by incorporating information on re-encounter probabilities of similar species. When numbers ringed were not available, inferences could sometimes be drawn based on local recapture data from the source areas. Studies to date illustrate that analyses of these large-scale ringing data sets can provide robust quantitative inferences. Further work is needed to develop these modelling approaches and to test their sensitivity to key assumptions using both real and simulated data. Data for all birds that were marked, not only those re-encountered, are often inaccessible and should be computerised in parallel with analytical developments. Further, there is great potential for the formal combination of re-encounter data with information from additional data sources such as counts and detailed movement data from radiotracking or data loggers. Because data from bird ringing operations cover long periods of time and exist in large quantities, they hold great promise for inferring spatiotemporal migration patterns, including changes in relation to climate, land use change and other environmental drivers. C1 [Thorup, Kasper] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Korner-Nievergelt, Fraenzi] Swiss Ornithol Inst, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland. [Korner-Nievergelt, Fraenzi] Oikostat GmbH, CH-6218 Ettiswil, Switzerland. [Cohen, Emily B.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC USA. [Baillie, Stephen R.] British Trust Ornithol, Thetford, Norfolk, England. RP Thorup, K (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, Univ Pk 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. EM kthorup@snm.ku.dk RI Thorup, Kasper/A-4835-2013; Baillie, Stephen/H-3023-2013; publist, CMEC/C-3010-2012; publicationpage, cmec/B-4405-2017 OI Thorup, Kasper/0000-0002-0320-0601; Baillie, Stephen/0000-0001-5126-9470; NR 88 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 55 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2041-210X EI 2041-2096 J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL JI Methods Ecol. Evol. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 5 IS 12 SI SI BP 1337 EP 1350 DI 10.1111/2041-210X.12258 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AW4ZG UT WOS:000346285400008 ER PT J AU Kalfountzou, E Civano, F Elvis, M Trichas, M Green, P AF Kalfountzou, E. Civano, F. Elvis, M. Trichas, M. Green, P. TI The largest X-ray-selected sample of z > 3 AGNs: C-COSMOS and ChaMP SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE surveys; galaxies: active; X-rays: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; QUASAR LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; DEEP-FIELD-SOUTH; CHANDRA MULTIWAVELENGTH PROJECT; HIGH-REDSHIFT QUASARS; MEDIUM-SENSITIVITY SURVEY; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; POINT-SOURCE CATALOG; RADIO-QUIET QUASARS AB We present results from an analysis of the largest high-redshift (z > 3) X-ray-selected active galactic nucleus (AGN) sample to date, combining the Chandra Cosmological Evolution Survey and Chandra Multi-wavelength Project surveys and doubling the previous samples. The sample comprises 209 X-ray-detected AGNs, over a wide range of rest-frame 2-10 keV luminosities log L-X = 43.3-46.0 erg s(-1). X-ray hardness rates show that similar to 39 per cent of the sources are highly obscured, N-H > 10(22) cm(-2), in agreement with the similar to 37 per cent of type-2 AGNs found in our sample based on their optical classification. For similar to 26 per cent of objects have mismatched optical and X-ray classifications. Utilizing the 1/V-max method, we confirm that the comoving space density of all luminosity ranges of AGNs decreases with redshift above z > 3 and up to z similar to 7. With a significant sample of AGNs (N = 27) at z > 4, it is found that both source number counts in the 0.5-2 keV band and comoving space density are consistent with the expectation of a luminosity-dependent density evolution (LDDE) model at all redshifts, while they exclude the luminosity and density evolution (LADE) model. The measured comoving space density of type-1 and type-2 AGNs shows a constant ratio between the two types at z > 3. Our results for both AGN types at these redshifts are consistent with the expectations of LDDE model. C1 [Kalfountzou, E.; Civano, F.; Elvis, M.; Green, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kalfountzou, E.] Univ Hertfordshire, Sci & Technol Res Inst, Ctr Astrophys, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Civano, F.] Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Trichas, M.] Airbus Def & Space, Stevenage SG1 2AS, Herts, England. RP Kalfountzou, E (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM el.kalfountzou@gmail.com FU NASA Chandra archival grant [617817, AR2-13010X] FX The authors thank J. Aird and E. Glikman for sharing their luminosity functions and Y. Ueda for providing his space density estimations. The authors would like to thank the referee F. Bauer for the helpful and constructive report. This work was supported by NASA Chandra archival grant, designated code 617817 and contract number AR2-13010X. NR 111 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 1 PY 2014 VL 445 IS 2 BP 1430 EP 1448 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu1745 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX5IJ UT WOS:000346959400031 ER PT J AU Hayward, CC Lanz, L Ashby, MLN Fazio, G Hernquist, L Martinez-Galarza, JR Noeske, K Smith, HA Wuyts, S Zezas, A AF Hayward, Christopher C. Lanz, Lauranne Ashby, Matthew L. N. Fazio, Giovanni Hernquist, Lars Martinez-Galarza, Juan Rafael Noeske, Kai Smith, Howard A. Wuyts, Stijn Zezas, Andreas TI The total infrared luminosity may significantly overestimate the star formation rate of quenching and recently quenched galaxies SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE radiative transfer; stars: formation; dust, extinction; galaxies: interactions; galaxies: starburst; infrared: galaxies ID SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; REDSHIFT SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; SIMILAR-TO 2.5; FORMING GALAXIES; FORMATION HISTORIES; STARBURST GALAXIES; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; BLACK-HOLES AB The total infrared (IR) luminosity is very useful for estimating the star formation rate (SFR) of galaxies, but converting the IR luminosity into an SFR relies on assumptions that do not hold for all galaxies. We test the effectiveness of the IR luminosity as an SFR indicator by applying it to synthetic spectral energy distributions generated from three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of isolated disc galaxies and galaxy mergers. In general, the SFR inferred from the IR luminosity agrees well with the true instantaneous SFR of the simulated galaxies. However, for the major mergers in which a strong starburst is induced, the SFR inferred from the IR luminosity can overestimate the instantaneous SFR during the post-starburst phase by greater than two orders of magnitude. Even though the instantaneous SFR decreases rapidly after the starburst, the stars that were formed in the starburst can remain dust-obscured and thus produce significant IR luminosity. Consequently, use of the IR luminosity as an SFR indicator may cause one to conclude that post-starburst galaxies are still star forming, whereas in reality, star formation was recently quenched. C1 [Hayward, Christopher C.] CALTECH, TAPIR, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Hayward, Christopher C.] Heidelberger Inst Theoret Studien, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Lanz, Lauranne] CALTECH, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Ashby, Matthew L. N.; Fazio, Giovanni; Hernquist, Lars; Martinez-Galarza, Juan Rafael; Smith, Howard A.; Zezas, Andreas] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Noeske, Kai] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Wuyts, Stijn] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Zezas, Andreas] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. [Zezas, Andreas] Univ Crete, Inst Theoret & Computat Phys, Iraklion 71003, Crete, Greece. [Zezas, Andreas] Fdn Res & Technol Hellas, Iraklion 71110, Crete, Greece. RP Hayward, CC (reprint author), CALTECH, TAPIR, Mailcode 350-17,1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM cchayward@caltech.edu RI Hayward, Christopher/I-4756-2012; Zezas, Andreas/C-7543-2011; OI Hayward, Christopher/0000-0003-4073-3236; Zezas, Andreas/0000-0001-8952-676X; Lanz, Lauranne/0000-0002-3249-8224 FU Aspen Center for Physics; National Science Foundation [PHY-1066293]; NASA [NNX12AI55G, NNX10AD68G, 1369566] FX We thank Caitlin Casey, Mattia Fumagalli, Xavier Koenig, Barry Rothberg, Daniel Schaerer, Beverly Smith, Dan Smith, and Tomo Totani for providing useful comments on the manuscript, and we especially thank Samir Salim and the anonymous referee for their very detailed comments, which led to significant improvements to the manuscript. CCH is grateful to the Klaus Tschira Foundation for financial support and acknowledges the hospitality of the Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. PHY-1066293. HAS and LL acknowledge partial support from NASA grants NNX12AI55G and NNX10AD68G, and JPL RSA contract 1369566. The simulations in this paper were performed on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Research Computing Group at Harvard University. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System. NR 78 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 1 PY 2014 VL 445 IS 2 BP 1598 EP 1604 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu1843 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX5IJ UT WOS:000346959400045 ER PT J AU Ramakrishnan, V Leon-Tavares, J Rastorgueva-Foi, EA Wiik, K Jorstad, SG Marscher, AP Tornikoski, M Agudo, I Lahteenmaki, A Valtaoja, E Aller, MF Blinov, DA Casadio, C Efimova, NV Gurwell, MA Gomez, JL Hagen-Thorn, VA Joshi, M Jarvela, E Konstantinova, TS Kopatskaya, EN Larionov, VM Larionova, EG Larionova, LV Lavonen, N MacDonald, NR McHardy, IM Molina, SN Morozova, DA Nieppola, E Tammi, J Taylor, BW Troitsky, IS AF Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh Leon-Tavares, Jonathan Rastorgueva-Foi, Elizaveta A. Wiik, Kaj Jorstad, Svetlana G. Marscher, Alan P. Tornikoski, Merja Agudo, Ivan Lahteenmaki, Anne Valtaoja, Esko Aller, Margo F. Blinov, Dmitry A. Casadio, Carolina Efimova, Natalia V. Gurwell, Mark A. Gomez, Jose L. Hagen-Thorn, Vladimir A. Joshi, Manasvita Jarvela, Emilia Konstantinova, Tatiana S. Kopatskaya, Evgenia N. Larionov, Valeri M. Larionova, Elena G. Larionova, Liudmilla V. Lavonen, Niko MacDonald, Nicholas R. McHardy, Ian M. Molina, Sol N. Morozova, Daria A. Nieppola, Elina Tammi, Joni Taylor, Brian W. Troitsky, Ivan S. TI The connection between the parsec-scale radio jet and gamma-ray flares in the blazar 1156+295 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; quasars: individual: 1156+295; gamma-rays: galaxies; radio continuum: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; BASE-LINE ARRAY; QUASAR 3C 454.3; OPTICAL CONTINUUM; SUPERLUMINAL SOURCES; RELATIVISTIC JET; BRIGHT BLAZARS; LIGHT CURVES AB The blazar 1156+295 was active at gamma-ray energies, exhibiting three prominent flares during the year 2010. Here, we present results using the combination of broad-band (X-ray through mm single-dish) monitoring data and radio-band imaging data at 43 GHz on the connection of gamma-ray events to the ejections of superluminal components and other changes in the jet of 1156+295. The kinematics of the jet over the interval 2007.0-2012.5 using 43 GHz Very Long Baseline Array observations reveal the presence of four moving and one stationary component in the inner region of the blazar jet. The propagation of the third and fourth components in the jet corresponds closely in time to the active phase of the source in gamma-rays. We briefly discuss the implications of the structural changes in the jet for the mechanism of gamma-ray production during bright flares. To localize the gamma-ray emission site in the blazar, we performed the correlation analysis between the 43 GHz radio core and the gamma-ray light curve. The time lag obtained from the correlation constrains the gamma-ray emitting region in the parsec-scale jet. C1 [Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh; Rastorgueva-Foi, Elizaveta A.; Tornikoski, Merja; Lahteenmaki, Anne; Jarvela, Emilia; Lavonen, Niko; Nieppola, Elina; Tammi, Joni] Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, FI-02540 Kylmala, Finland. [Leon-Tavares, Jonathan] INAOE, Puebla 72000, Mexico. [Leon-Tavares, Jonathan; Nieppola, Elina] Univ Turku, Finnish Ctr Astron ESO FINCA, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland. [Rastorgueva-Foi, Elizaveta A.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Math & Phys, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Wiik, Kaj; Valtaoja, Esko] Univ Turku, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuorla Observ, FI-20100 Turku, Finland. [Jorstad, Svetlana G.; Marscher, Alan P.; Agudo, Ivan; Joshi, Manasvita; MacDonald, Nicholas R.; Taylor, Brian W.] Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Jorstad, Svetlana G.; Blinov, Dmitry A.; Efimova, Natalia V.; Hagen-Thorn, Vladimir A.; Konstantinova, Tatiana S.; Kopatskaya, Evgenia N.; Larionov, Valeri M.; Larionova, Elena G.; Larionova, Liudmilla V.; Morozova, Daria A.; Troitsky, Ivan S.] St Petersburg State Univ, Astron Inst, St Petersburg 198504, Russia. [Agudo, Ivan] Joint Inst VLBI Europe, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Agudo, Ivan; Casadio, Carolina; Gomez, Jose L.; Molina, Sol N.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain. [Lahteenmaki, Anne; Jarvela, Emilia] Aalto Univ, Dept Radio Sci & Engn, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland. [Aller, Margo F.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Blinov, Dmitry A.] Univ Crete, Dept Phys, GR-71003 Iraklion, Crete, Greece. [Blinov, Dmitry A.] Univ Crete, Inst Theoret & Computat Phys, GR-71003 Iraklion, Crete, Greece. [Efimova, Natalia V.; Larionov, Valeri M.] Pulkovo Observ, St Petersburg 196140, Russia. [Gurwell, Mark A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [McHardy, Ian M.] Univ Southampton, Dept Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Taylor, Brian W.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Ramakrishnan, V (reprint author), Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, Metsahovintie 114, FI-02540 Kylmala, Finland. EM venkatessh.ramakrishnan@aalto.fi RI Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh/C-8628-2017; Lahteenmaki, Anne/L-5987-2013; Molina, Sol Natalia/F-9968-2015; Agudo, Ivan/G-1701-2015; Tammi, Joni/G-2959-2012; Larionov, Valeri/H-1349-2013; Hagen-Thorn, Vladimir/H-3983-2013; Blinov, Dmitry/G-9925-2013; Morozova, Daria/H-1298-2013; Larionova, Elena/H-7287-2013; Troitskiy, Ivan/K-7979-2013; Jorstad, Svetlana/H-6913-2013; Kopatskaya, Evgenia/H-4720-2013 OI Ramakrishnan, Venkatessh/0000-0002-9248-086X; Larionova, Liudmila/0000-0002-0274-1481; Molina, Sol Natalia/0000-0002-4112-2157; Agudo, Ivan/0000-0002-3777-6182; Tammi, Joni/0000-0002-9164-2695; Larionov, Valeri/0000-0002-4640-4356; Hagen-Thorn, Vladimir/0000-0002-6431-8590; Blinov, Dmitry/0000-0003-0611-5784; Morozova, Daria/0000-0002-9407-7804; Larionova, Elena/0000-0002-2471-6500; Troitskiy, Ivan/0000-0002-4218-0148; Jorstad, Svetlana/0000-0001-9522-5453; Kopatskaya, Evgenia/0000-0001-9518-337X NR 80 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 1 PY 2014 VL 445 IS 2 BP 1636 EP 1646 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu1873 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX5IJ UT WOS:000346959400049 ER PT J AU Childress, MJ Wolf, C Zahid, HJ AF Childress, Michael J. Wolf, Christian Zahid, H. Jabran TI Ages of Type Ia supernovae over cosmic time SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE supernovae: general; galaxies: evolution; dark energy ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; GALACTIC CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; STELLAR MASS FUNCTIONS; DOUBLE WHITE-DWARFS; TO 2 GALAXIES; OR-EQUAL-TO; QUIESCENT GALAXIES; HUBBLE RESIDUALS; HOST GALAXIES; DUST EXTINCTION AB We derive empirical models for galaxy mass assembly histories, and convolve these with theoretical delay time distribution (DTD) models for Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) to derive the distribution of progenitor ages for all SNe Ia occurring at a given epoch of cosmic time. In actively star-forming galaxies, the progression of the star formation rate is shallower than a t(-1) SN Ia DTD, so mean SN Ia ages peak at the DTD peak in all star-forming galaxies at all epochs of cosmic history. In passive galaxies, which have ceased star formation through some quenching process, the SN Ia age distribution peaks at the quenching epoch, which in passive galaxies evolves in redshift to track the past epoch of major star formation. Our models reproduce the SN Ia rate evolution in redshift, the relationship between SN Ia stretch and host mass, and the distribution of SN Ia host masses in a manner qualitatively consistent with observations. Our model naturally predicts that low-mass galaxies tend to be actively star-forming while massive galaxies are generally passive, consistent with observations of galaxy 'downsizing'. Consequently, the mean ages of SNe Ia undergo a sharp transition from young ages at low hostmass to old ages at high host mass, qualitatively similar to the transition of mean SN Ia Hubble residuals with host mass. The age discrepancy evolves with redshift in a manner currently not accounted for in SN Ia cosmology analyses. We thus suggest that SNe Ia selected only from actively star-forming galaxies will yield the most cosmologically uniform sample, due to the homogeneity of young SN Ia progenitor ages at all cosmological epochs. C1 [Childress, Michael J.; Wolf, Christian] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Childress, Michael J.; Wolf, Christian] Australian Natl Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Zahid, H. Jabran] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Childress, MJ (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. EM michael.childress@anu.edu.au FU Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO) [CE110001020] FX We are very grateful to Richard Scalzo, Ashley Ruiter, Brian Schmidt, Fuyan Bian, Lee Spitler, Edward (Ned) Taylor, and Aaron Robotham for fruitful discussions. We thank Ashley Ruiter, Nikki Mennekens, Silvia Toonen, and Izumi Hachisu for providing digital representations of their SN Ia DTDs, Jonas Johansson for providing his SN Ia age-stretch relation, and Mark Sullivan and Yen-Chen Pan for providing the PTF host galaxy mass sample. We also thank the anonymous referee for thoughtful feedback on the text, and some very insightful suggestions which particularly strengthened the connection between our models and observations. This research was conducted by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System (ADS). NR 110 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 1 PY 2014 VL 445 IS 2 BP 1898 EP 1911 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu1892 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AX5IJ UT WOS:000346959400067 ER PT J AU Kennedy, ET Mosnier, JP Van Kampen, P Cubaynes, D Guilbaud, S Blancard, C McLaughlin, BM Bizau, JM AF Kennedy, E. T. Mosnier, J. -P. Van Kampen, P. Cubaynes, D. Guilbaud, S. Blancard, C. McLaughlin, B. M. Bizau, J. -M. TI Photoionization cross sections of the aluminumlike Si+ ion in the region of the 2p threshold (94-137 eV) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID RECOMBINATION RATE COEFFICIENTS; LASER-PRODUCED PLASMA; R-MATRIX METHOD; ATOMIC DATA; PHOTOABSORPTION SPECTRUM; ELECTRON-SCATTERING; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET; SILICON; SPECTROSCOPY; UNCERTAINTIES AB We present measurements of the absolute photoionization cross section of the aluminumlike Si+ ion over the 94-137 eV photon energy range. The measurements were performed using the merged-beam setup on the PLEIADES beamline at the SOLEIL synchrotron radiation facility. Signals produced in the Si2+ and Si3+ photoionization channels of the 2p subshell of the Si+ ion from both the 1s(2)2s(2)2p(6)3s(2)3p P-2(1/2,3/2) ground levels and the 1s(2)2s(2)2p(6)3s(3)p(2 4)P metastable levels were observed. Absolute cross sections were determined. Calculations of the 2p inner-shell photoionization cross sections were carried out using the multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock and Dirac-Coulomb R-matrix theoretical approaches and are compared with experiment. C1 [Kennedy, E. T.; Mosnier, J. -P.; Van Kampen, P.] Dublin City Univ, Sch Phys Sci, Natl Ctr Plasma Sci & Technol, Dublin 9, Ireland. [Cubaynes, D.; Guilbaud, S.; Bizau, J. -M.] Univ Paris 11, CNRS UMR 8214, Inst Sci Mol Orsay, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Cubaynes, D.; Bizau, J. -M.] Synchrotron SOLEIL, F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Blancard, C.] CEA, DAM, DIF, F-91297 Arpajon, France. [McLaughlin, B. M.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Ctr Theoret Atom Mol & Opt Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [McLaughlin, B. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Mosnier, JP (reprint author), Dublin City Univ, Sch Phys Sci, Natl Ctr Plasma Sci & Technol, Dublin 9, Ireland. EM jean-paul.mosnier@dcu.ie FU U.S. National Science Foundation; RTRA network Triangle de la Physique; Queen's University Belfast; European Commission under the 7th Framework programme FX We would like to thank the SOLEIL staff and in particular C. Nicolas, the local contact for the PLEIADES beamline. B.M.M. acknowledges support from the U.S. National Science Foundation through a grant to ITAMP at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics under the visitors program, the RTRA network Triangle de la Physique, and a visiting research fellowship from Queen's University Belfast. This research used computational resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center in Oakland, CA, USA and at the High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart of the University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany. J.P.M., P.V.K., and E.T.K. would like to acknowledge the financial support from Calipso, Wayforlight (www.calipso.wayforlight.eu). Calipso is a project funded by the European Commission under the 7th Framework programme to facilitate transnational access to European synchrotron and free electron laser facilities. NR 58 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD DEC 1 PY 2014 VL 90 IS 6 AR 063409 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.90.063409 PG 13 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA AW6NJ UT WOS:000346385900026 ER PT J AU Isler, ML Bravo, GA Brumfield, RT AF Isler, Morton L. Bravo, Gustavo A. Brumfield, Robb T. TI SYSTEMATICS OF THE OBLIGATE ANT-FOLLOWING CLADE OF ANTBIRDS (AVES: PASSERIFORMES: THAMNOPHILIDAE) SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE antbirds; Oneillornis; phylogeny; systematics; Thamnophilidae ID DNA-SEQUENCE DATA; PHAENOSTICTUS-MCLEANNANI; BIRDS; EVOLUTION; LOCATION AB Results of a comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the family Thamnophilidae were consistent with earlier findings that almost all obligate army-ant-followers of the family form a monophyletic group that contains five well-supported clades and encompasses six currently recognized genera: Phaenostictus, Pithys, Willisornis, Gymnopithys, Rhegmatorhina, and Phlegopsis. A comparative analysis of seven suites of morphological, behavioral, and ecological traits within the context of the phylogeny reinforced the validity of five of these genera, but results for the sixth, Gymnopithys, were internally inconsistent and required the description of a new genus, Oneillornis. C1 [Isler, Morton L.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool Birds, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Bravo, Gustavo A.; Brumfield, Robb T.] Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Bravo, Gustavo A.; Brumfield, Robb T.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Bravo, Gustavo A.] Univ Sao Paulo, Museu Zool, Secao Aves, BR-04218970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Isler, ML (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool Birds, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM antbird@cox.net RI Brumfield, Robb/K-6108-2015; Museu de Zoologia da USP, MZ-USP/Q-2192-2016 OI Brumfield, Robb/0000-0003-2307-0688; FU Frank Chapman Memorial Fund - AMNH; American Ornithologists' Union; LSUMNS Big Day Fund, LSU Biograds; NSF [DBI-0400797, DEB-0841729, DEB-1011435] FX We are grateful to the curators and collection managers of the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH); Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates (CUMV), Field Museum of Natural History (FMNH), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia (INPA), Laboratorio de Genetica e Evolucao de Aves Universidade de Sao Paulo (LGEMA), Colecao de Ornitologia do Museu de Ciencias e Tecnologia da Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul (MCP), Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi (MPEG), Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad de San Marcos (MUSM), Museu de Zoologia Universidade de Sao Paulo (MZUSP), Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Bird Collection (STRI), United States National Museum of Natural History (USNM), and University of Washington Burke Museum (UWBM) for providing information and granting access to tissue samples or study specimens under their care. We appreciate the assistance of the Macaulay Library, Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology, and B. M. Whitney who provided vocal recordings. N. Aristizabal assisted in obtaining sequences, C. Ribas and A. Aleixo kindly provided unpublished sequences for two individuals, P. R. Isler prepared the illustrations of loudsongs, and N. David reviewed proposed nomenclature. The manuscript benefited substantially from comments by L. F. Silveira, V. de Q. Piacentini, D. F. Lane, and J. V. Remsen, Jr., and review of the submission by R. C. Banks and an anonymous reviewer. This research was supported by grants from the Frank Chapman Memorial Fund - AMNH, the American Ornithologists' Union, the LSUMNS Big Day Fund, LSU Biograds, and NSF grants DBI-0400797, DEB-0841729, and DEB-1011435 to GAB and RTB. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 16 PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 1559-4491 EI 1938-5447 J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL JI Wilson J. Ornithol. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 126 IS 4 BP 635 EP 648 DI 10.1676/13-199.1 PG 14 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA AW7DS UT WOS:000346425400002 ER PT J AU Fernandez, AA Fasel, N Knornschild, M Richner, H AF Fernandez, Ahana Aurora Fasel, Nicolas Knoernschild, Mirjam Richner, Heinz TI When bats are boxing: aggressive behaviour and communication in male Seba's short-tailed fruit bat SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article DE aggressive vocalization type; Carollia perspicillata; individual discrimination; individual signature; male-male aggression ID 2-SPOTTED SPIDER-MITE; MALE MATING-BEHAVIOR; LEAF-NOSED BAT; INDIVIDUAL RECOGNITION; CAROLLIA-PERSPICILLATA; VOCAL RECOGNITION; SOCIAL-BEHAVIOR; SACCOPTERYX-BILINEATA; ECHOLOCATION CALLS; RHESUS-MONKEYS AB Aggressive behaviours have an important impact on the social organization of animals and on the social status of individuals, especially in gregarious species. Agonistic interactions between territory holders are essential to set and reinforce territorial borders. Additionally, agonistic displays are used to demonstrate ownership of a territorial site and may indicate social status of the signaller. Between neighbouring territory owners, dynamic borders require frequent interactions. In daily repeated aggressive encounters, ritualization can help to avoid the need for serious fights and their costly consequences. In the bat Carollia perspicillata, a gregarious frugivore with resource defence polygyny, males defend territories at valuable roosting sites for females. Working with a captive bat colony of about 400 individuals, housed under seminatural conditions in a tropical zoo, we found that males defended territories aggressively by the use of a succession of displays forming a ritualized structure. Simultaneously, males used three different vocalization types during aggressive displays, namely down-sweeps, warbles and aggressive trills. A statistical analysis of 58 aggressive trills from five adult males showed that they contained sufficient variation to encode an individual signature. Using a habituation-dishabituation paradigm playback experiment, we found that males could discriminate between vocalizing males based on aggressive calls alone. Such discrimination is probably useful for distinguishing between neighbouring territory owners and more unfamiliar intruders, and thus allows for an economical response. (C) 2014 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fernandez, Ahana Aurora; Fasel, Nicolas; Richner, Heinz] Univ Bern, Inst Ecol & Evolut, Evolutionary Ecol Div, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Knoernschild, Mirjam] Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Knoernschild, Mirjam] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Fernandez, AA (reprint author), Univ Bern, Inst Ecol & Evolut, Baltzerstr 6, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. EM a.fernandez@gmx.ch RI Richner, Heinz/B-1659-2008 OI Richner, Heinz/0000-0001-7390-0526 FU University of Bern FX We thank the people from the tropical zoo Papiliorama (www. papiliorama. ch) for providing the infrastructure to conduct experiments with their bat colony. Many thanks also to E. Jutzi, who often solved technical and manual problems, and to F. Koch for helpful assistance during data collection. Valuable comments by T. Den helped to improve the manuscript. The world bat library(Geneva) freely provided literature about bat research. Funding was provided by the University of Bern. NR 77 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 223 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0003-3472 EI 1095-8282 J9 ANIM BEHAV JI Anim. Behav. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 98 BP 149 EP 156 DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.10.011 PG 8 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA AW1JS UT WOS:000346046400019 ER PT J AU Finkbeiner, SD Briscoe, AD Reed, RD AF Finkbeiner, Susan D. Briscoe, Adriana D. Reed, Robert D. TI Warning signals are seductive: Relative contributions of color and pattern to predator avoidance and mate attraction in Heliconius butterflies SO EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Aposematism; color pattern; mate recognition; predation; visual signals ID SEXUAL SELECTION; NATURAL-SELECTION; DOMESTIC CHICKS; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; MULLERIAN MIMICRY; AVIAN PREDATORS; COSTA-RICA; EVOLUTION; SPECIATION; PREFERENCE AB Visual signaling in animals can serve many uses, including predator deterrence and mate attraction. In many cases, signals used to advertise unprofitability to predators are also used for intraspecific communication. Although aposematism and mate choice are significant forces driving the evolution of many animal phenotypes, the interplay between relevant visual signals remains little explored. Here, we address this question in the aposematic passion-vine butterfly Heliconius erato by using color- and pattern-manipulated models to test the contributions of different visual features to both mate choice and warning coloration. We found that the relative effectiveness of a model at escaping predation was correlated with its effectiveness at inducing mating behavior, and in both cases wing color was more predictive of presumptive fitness benefits than wing pattern. Overall, however, a combination of the natural (local) color and pattern was most successful for both predator deterrence and mate attraction. By exploring the relative contributions of color versus pattern composition in predation and mate preference studies, we have shown how both natural and sexual selection may work in parallel to drive the evolution of specific animal color patterns. C1 [Finkbeiner, Susan D.; Briscoe, Adriana D.; Reed, Robert D.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Finkbeiner, Susan D.; Reed, Robert D.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City 084303092, Panama. [Reed, Robert D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Finkbeiner, SD (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. EM sfinkbei@uci.edu RI Briscoe, Adriana/E-8963-2010 OI Briscoe, Adriana/0000-0001-8514-4983 FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Organization for Tropical Studies; National Geographic Society; Sigma Xi; National Science Foundation (NSF) Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-0808392]; NSF [IOS-1025106] FX We thank M. D. Lee for contributing the hierarchical Bayesian analysis, including assisting with the writing and figures in the Supporting Information modeling details; W. O. McMillan, C. Jiggins, R. Merrill, K. Mooney, and N. Burley for advice and aid in project design; F. Macciardi, M. Phelan, and K. Denaro for statistical guidance; M. McDuffee, S. Meneses, E. Yuen, A. Oh, and N. Chiu for field assistance; A. Tapia for project advice and construction of butterfly flight simulator; E. Evans, B. Huber, B. Seymoure and M. Abanto for experiment advice and insectaries assistance; G. Smith, A. Martin, K. McCulloch, A. M.- Munoz, and three anonymous reviewers for manuscript feedback; D. Krueger and UCI ImageWorks for aid in designing and printing models; the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) and Organization for Tropical Studies (OTS) for use of field sites; La Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente (ANAM, Panama) and El Ministerio del Ambiente, Energia, y Telecomunicaciones (MINAET, Costa Rica) for research permit approval; and our funding sources: the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, the Organization for Tropical Studies, the National Geographic Society, Sigma Xi, and National Science Foundation (NSF) Graduate Research Fellowship under award no. DGE-0808392 to SDF and NSF grant no. IOS-1025106 to ADB and RDR. NR 68 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 15 U2 139 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0014-3820 EI 1558-5646 J9 EVOLUTION JI Evolution PD DEC PY 2014 VL 68 IS 12 BP 3410 EP 3420 DI 10.1111/evo.12524 PG 11 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AW1UI UT WOS:000346075600005 PM 25200939 ER PT J AU Horn, JW Xi, ZX Riina, R Peirson, JA Yang, Y Dorsey, BL Berry, PE Davis, CC Wurdack, KJ AF Horn, James W. Xi, Zhenxiang Riina, Ricarda Peirson, Jess A. Yang, Ya Dorsey, Brian L. Berry, Paul E. Davis, Charles C. Wurdack, Kenneth J. TI Evolutionary bursts in Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) are linked with photosynthetic pathway SO EVOLUTION LA English DT Review DE Ancestral state reconstruction; C-4 photosynthesis; CAM photosynthesis; climate change; diversification; Miocene; species selection; succulent ID CRASSULACEAN ACID METABOLISM; SUBGENUS CHAMAESYCE EUPHORBIACEAE; ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; C-4 PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES; SUCCULENT PLANTS; ANGIOSPERM DIVERSIFICATION; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; LIKELIHOOD APPROACH AB The mid-Cenozoic decline of atmospheric CO2 levels that promoted global climate change was critical to shaping contemporary arid ecosystems. Within angiosperms, two CO2-concentrating mechanisms (CCMs)crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) and C(4)evolved from the C-3 photosynthetic pathway, enabling more efficient whole-plant function in such environments. Many angiosperm clades with CCMs are thought to have diversified rapidly due to Miocene aridification, but links between this climate change, CCM evolution, and increased net diversification rates (r) remain to be further understood. Euphorbia (approximate to 2000 species) includes a diversity of CAM-using stem succulents, plus a single species-rich C-4 subclade. We used ancestral state reconstructions with a dated molecular phylogeny to reveal that CCMs independently evolved 17-22 times in Euphorbia, principally from the Miocene onwards. Analyses assessing among-lineage variation in r identified eight Euphorbia subclades with significantly increased r, six of which have a close temporal relationship with a lineage-corresponding CCM origin. Our trait-dependent diversification analysis indicated that r of Euphorbia CCM lineages is approximately threefold greater than C-3 lineages. Overall, these results suggest that CCM evolution in Euphorbia was likely an adaptive strategy that enabled the occupation of increased arid niche space accompanying Miocene expansion of arid ecosystems. These opportunities evidently facilitated recent, replicated bursts of diversification in Euphorbia. C1 [Horn, James W.; Wurdack, Kenneth J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Xi, Zhenxiang; Davis, Charles C.] Harvard Univ Herbaria, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Riina, Ricarda; Peirson, Jess A.; Yang, Ya; Dorsey, Brian L.; Berry, Paul E.] Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. [Riina, Ricarda; Peirson, Jess A.; Yang, Ya; Dorsey, Brian L.; Berry, Paul E.] Univ Michigan Herbarium, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. [Riina, Ricarda] CSIC, RJB, E-28014 Madrid, Spain. [Dorsey, Brian L.] Huntington Bot Gardens, San Marino, CA 91108 USA. RP Horn, JW (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, NMNH MRC 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM wurdackk@si.edu RI Riina, Ricarda/J-1032-2014 OI Riina, Ricarda/0000-0002-7423-899X FU National Science Foundation (PBI grant) [DEB-0616533]; National Science Foundation (AToL grant) [DEB-0622764]; Smithsonian Institution FX The authors thank J. W. Brown, R. FitzJohn, G. Hunt, M. Kweskin, and G. Slater for advice on the analyses. C. France of the Smithsonian Museum Conservation Institute conducted the stable isotope analyses. A. Tangerini and S. Yankowski assisted in preparing Figure 1. The National Science Foundation (PBI grant DEB-0616533 and AToL grant DEB-0622764) and the Smithsonian Institution supported this study. NR 138 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 8 U2 63 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0014-3820 EI 1558-5646 J9 EVOLUTION JI Evolution PD DEC PY 2014 VL 68 IS 12 BP 3485 EP 3504 DI 10.1111/evo.12534 PG 20 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AW1UI UT WOS:000346075600011 PM 25302554 ER PT J AU Hong, T AF Hong, Terry TI Frog. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Hong, Terry] Smithsonian Book Dragon, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Hong, T (reprint author), Smithsonian Book Dragon, Washington, DC 20024 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 139 IS 20 BP 95 EP 95 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA AW0BF UT WOS:000345954700144 ER PT J AU Hong, T AF Hong, Terry TI The Strange Library SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Hong, Terry] Smithsonian BookDragon, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Hong, T (reprint author), Smithsonian BookDragon, Washington, DC 20024 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 139 IS 20 BP 95 EP 95 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA AW0BF UT WOS:000345954700146 ER PT J AU Davidson, J Schrader, DL Alexander, CMO Lauretta, DS Busemann, H Franchi, IA Greenwood, RC Connolly, HC Domanik, KJ Verchovsky, A AF Davidson, Jemma Schrader, Devin L. Alexander, Conel M. O'D. Lauretta, Dante S. Busemann, Henner Franchi, Ian A. Greenwood, Richard C. Connolly, Harold C., Jr. Domanik, Kenneth J. Verchovsky, Alexander TI Petrography, stable isotope compositions, microRaman spectroscopy, and presolar components of Roberts Massif 04133: A reduced CV3 carbonaceous chondrite SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INTERPLANETARY DUST PARTICLES; INSOLUBLE ORGANIC-MATTER; OXYGEN-ISOTOPE; PRIMITIVE CHONDRITES; AQUEOUS ALTERATION; OPAQUE MINERALS; PETROLOGIC TYPE; CR CHONDRITES; PARENT BODY; QUE 99177 AB Here, we report the mineralogy, petrography, C-N-O-stable isotope compositions, degree of disorder of organic matter, and abundances of presolar components of the chondrite Roberts Massif (RBT) 04133 using a coordinated, multitechnique approach. The results of this study are inconsistent with its initial classification as a Renazzo-like carbonaceous chondrite, and strongly support RBT 04133 being a brecciated, reduced petrologic type >3.3 Vigarano-like carbonaceous (CV) chondrite. RBT 04133 shows no evidence for aqueous alteration. However, it is mildly thermally altered (up to approximately 440 degrees C); which is apparent in its whole-rock C and N isotopic compositions, the degree of disorder of C in insoluble organic matter, low presolar grain abundances, minor element compositions of Fe, Ni metal, chromite compositions and morphologies, and the presence of unequilibrated silicates. Sulfides within type I chondrules from RBT 04133 appear to be pre-accretionary (i.e., did not form via aqueous alteration), providing further evidence that some sulfide minerals formed prior to accretion of the CV chondrite parent body. The thin section studied contains two reduced CV3 lithologies, one of which appears to be more thermally metamorphosed, indicating that RBT 04133, like several other CV chondrites, is a breccia and thus experienced impact processing. Linear foliation of chondrules was not observed implying that RBT 04133 did not experience high velocity impacts that could lead to extensive thermal metamorphism. Presolar silicates are still present in RBT 04133, although presolar SiC grain abundances are very low, indicating that the progressive destruction or modification of presolar SiC grains begins before presolar silicate grains are completely unidentifiable. C1 [Davidson, Jemma; Lauretta, Dante S.; Connolly, Harold C., Jr.; Domanik, Kenneth J.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Davidson, Jemma; Busemann, Henner; Franchi, Ian A.; Greenwood, Richard C.; Verchovsky, Alexander] Open Univ, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Schrader, Devin L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Davidson, Jemma; Alexander, Conel M. O'D.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Busemann, Henner] Univ Manchester, Sch Earth Atmospher & Environm Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Connolly, Harold C., Jr.] CUNY, Kingsborough Community Coll, Dept Phys Sci, Brooklyn, NY USA. [Connolly, Harold C., Jr.] CUNY, Grad Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. RP Davidson, J (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, 5241 Broad Branch Rd NW, Washington, DC 20015 USA. EM jdavidson@carnegiescience.edu RI Schrader, Devin/H-6293-2012; OI Schrader, Devin/0000-0001-5282-232X; Busemann, Henner/0000-0002-0867-6908 FU Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) studentship; STFC [ST/F003102/1]; STFC Aurora and Advanced Fellowships [ST/F012179/1, ST/I005663/1 HB]; NASA [NNA09DA81A, NNX11AG67G, NNX07AF96G, NNX10AG46G]; Carson Fellowship at LPL; NSF; NASA FX We thank Diane Johnson for assistance with the scanning electron microscope, and Jenny Gibson for help with sample preparation. This manuscript was significantly improved by helpful reviews from Tomoki Nakamura, Pierre Haenecour, and Dominik Hezel, and the editorial expertise of AE Christine Floss. This research was funded in part by a Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) studentship (JD), STFC Grant ST/F003102/1 (IAF and RCG), STFC Aurora and Advanced Fellowships (ST/F012179/1 and ST/I005663/1 HB), NASA Grants NNA09DA81A and NNX11AG67G (CMODA), NNX07AF96G (DSL) and NNX10AG46G (HCCJr), and the Carson Fellowship at LPL (DLS). For supplying the samples that were necessary for this work, the authors thank the members of the Meteorite Working Group, Cecilia Satterwhite, and Kevin Righter (NASA, Johnson Space Center). US Antarctic meteorite samples are recovered by the Antarctic Search for Meteorites (ANSMET) program, which has been funded by NSF and NASA, and characterized and curated by the Department of Mineral Sciences of the Smithsonian Institution and the Astromaterials Curation Office at NASA Johnson Space Center. NR 83 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 49 IS 12 BP 2133 EP 2151 DI 10.1111/maps.12377 PG 19 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AU7EE UT WOS:000345762800002 ER PT J AU Andrade, SCS Montenegro, H Strand, M Schwartz, ML Kajihara, H Norenburg, JL Turbeville, JM Sundberg, P Giribet, G AF Andrade, Sonia C. S. Montenegro, Horacio Strand, Malin Schwartz, Megan L. Kajihara, Hiroshi Norenburg, Jon L. Turbeville, James M. Sundberg, Per Giribet, Gonzalo TI A Transcriptomic Approach to Ribbon Worm Systematics (Nemertea): Resolving the Pilidiophora Problem SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE phylogeny; Palaeonemertea; Neonemertea; Pilidiophora; supermatrix; concatenation; Illumina ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; PHYLUM NEMERTEA; SPECIES TREES; DATA SETS; PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE; PROTEIN EVOLUTION; PILIDIUM LARVA; ARTHROPOD TREE; GENE TREES; PHYLOGENOMICS AB Resolving the deep relationships of ancient animal lineages has proven difficult using standard Sanger-sequencing approaches with a handful of markers. We thus reassess the relatively well-studied phylogeny of the phylum Nemertea (ribbon worms)-for which the targeted gene approaches had resolved many clades but had left key phylogenetic gaps-by using a phylogenomic approach using Illumina-based de novo assembled transcriptomes and automatic orthology prediction methods. The analysis of a concatenated data set of 2,779 genes (411,138 amino acids) with about 78% gene occupancy and a reduced version with 95% gene occupancy, under evolutionary models accounting or not for site-specific amino acid replacement patterns results in a well-supported phylogeny that recovers all major accepted nemertean clades with the monophyly of Heteronemertea, Hoplonemertea, Monostilifera, being well supported. Significantly, all the ambiguous patterns inferred from Sanger-based approaches were resolved, namely the monophyly of Palaeonemertea and Pilidiophora. By testing for possible conflict in the analyzed supermatrix, we observed that concatenation was the best solution, and the results of the analyses should settle prior debates on nemertean phylogeny. The study highlights the importance, feasibility, and completeness of Illumina-based phylogenomic data matrices. C1 [Andrade, Sonia C. S.; Giribet, Gonzalo] Harvard Univ, Museum Comparat Zool, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Montenegro, Horacio] ESALQ USP, Dept Entomol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Strand, Malin] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Swedish Species Informat Ctr, Uppsala, Sweden. [Schwartz, Megan L.] Univ Washington, Div Sci & Math, Tacoma, WA USA. [Kajihara, Hiroshi] Hokkaido Univ, Fac Sci, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060, Japan. [Norenburg, Jon L.] Smithsonian Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC USA. [Turbeville, James M.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biol, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Sundberg, Per] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Andrade, SCS (reprint author), ESALQ USP, Dept Zootecnia, Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM soniacsandrade@gmail.com RI Montenegro, Horacio/B-8350-2012; Norenburg, Jon/K-3481-2015; Giribet, Gonzalo/P-1086-2015; Andrade, Sonia/F-8267-2014 OI Montenegro, Horacio/0000-0002-8142-896X; Norenburg, Jon/0000-0001-7776-1527; Giribet, Gonzalo/0000-0002-5467-8429; FU NSF [DEB-0844881, DEB-0732903]; FAPESP [2012/02906-4] FX Many colleagues have assisted with fieldwork, specimens, and laboratory protocols. FedEx is acknowledged for the constant delivery of live nemerteans for RNA work and Robert Mesibov for Tasmanian specimens. Alicia Rodriguez Perez Porro and Ana Riesgo were instrumental in the development of the RNA and Illumina sequencing protocols. S.C.S.A. is indebted to Casey Dunn for guidance during the first steps on bioinformatics and cDNA libraries sample preparation. The Bauer Core from the Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Harvard and the Research Computing Group, also from Harvard, are deeply acknowledged for their assistance at many stages of the data acquisition and analyses. Marcelo Brandao and the Bioinformatics Group at Esalq-Usp are acknowledged for access to the Cluster Thunder. This work was funded by the NSF projects Collaborative Research: Resolving old questions in Mollusc phylogenetics with new EST data and developing general phylogenomic tools (# DEB-0844881) and Collaborative Research: AToL: Phylogeny on the half-shell-Assembling the Bivalve Tree of Life (#DEB-0732903) to G.G. and by a FAPESP scholarship (2012/02906-4) to H.M. NR 64 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 24 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0737-4038 EI 1537-1719 J9 MOL BIOL EVOL JI Mol. Biol. Evol. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 31 IS 12 BP 3206 EP 3215 DI 10.1093/molbev/msu253 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AU7JU UT WOS:000345777600009 PM 25169929 ER PT J AU Perez-Losada, M Hoeg, JT Simon-Blecher, N Achituv, Y Jones, D Crandall, KA AF Perez-Losada, Marcos Hoeg, Jens T. Simon-Blecher, Noa Achituv, Yair Jones, Diana Crandall, Keith A. TI Molecular phylogeny, systematics and morphological evolution of the acorn barnacles (Thoracica: Sessilia: Balanomorpha) SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Balanomorpha; Barnacle; DNA; Morphology; Phylogeny; Systematics ID SCANNING ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; CIRRIPEDIA-THORACICA; DIVERGENCE TIME; SETAL MORPHOLOGY; CRUSTACEA; METAMORPHOSIS; INFERENCE; POSITION; SETATION; HISTORY AB The Balanomorpha are the largest group of barnacles and rank among the most diverse, commonly encountered and ecologically important marine crustaceans in the world. Paradoxically, despite their relevance and extensive study for over 150 years, their evolutionary relationships are still unresolved. Classical morphological systematics was often based on non-cladistic approaches, while modern phylogenetic studies suffer from severe undersampling of taxa and characters (both molecular and morphological). Here we present a phylogenetic analysis of the familial relationships within the Balanomorpha. We estimate divergence times and examine morphological diversity based on five genes, 156 specimens, 10 fossil calibrations, and six key morphological characters. Two balanomorphan superfamilies, eight families and twelve genera were identified as polyphyletic. Chthamaloids, chionelasmatoid and pachylasmatoids split first from the pedunculated ancestors followed by a clade of tetraclitoids and coronuloids, and most of the balanoids. The Balanomorpha split from the Verrucidae (outgroup) in the Lower Cretaceous (139.6 Mya) with all the main lineages, except Pachylasmatoidea, having emerged by the Paleocene (60.9 Mya). Various degrees of convergence were observed in all the assessed morphological characters except the maxillipeds, which suggests that classical interpretations of balanomorphan morphological evolution need to be revised and reinterpreted. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Perez-Losada, Marcos] Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, CIBIO, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal. [Perez-Losada, Marcos; Crandall, Keith A.] George Washington Univ, Computat Biol Inst, Ashburn, VA 20147 USA. [Perez-Losada, Marcos; Crandall, Keith A.] Smithsonian Inst, US Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hoeg, Jens T.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Marine Biol Sect, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Simon-Blecher, Noa; Achituv, Yair] Bar Ilan Univ, Mina & Everard Goodman Fac Life Sci, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. [Jones, Diana] Western Australian Museum, Perth Museums & Collect, Welshpool, WA 6106, Australia. RP Perez-Losada, M (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Computat Biol Inst, Ashburn, VA 20147 USA. EM mlosada323@gmail.com RI Perez-Losada, Marcos/I-4407-2013; OI Perez-Losada, Marcos/0000-0002-2585-4657; Crandall, Keith/0000-0002-0836-3389 FU U.S.-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF) [2004-239]; Israel Science Foundation (ISF) [574/10]; Danish Natural Science Foundation; Carlsberg Foundation; NSF [DEB-0236135, DEB-1301820]; SYNTHESYS 1 Project - European Community; SYNTHESYS 2 Project - European Community; SYNTHESYS 3 Project - European Community; [PTDC/BIA-BEC/098553/2008] FX Specimens collected by us were identified by Y.A., AJ. Southward and J. Buckeridge. Samples were also provided and identified by B.K.K. Chan, T. Yamaguchi, R. Hayashi, and A. Biccard. This research was supported by the following grants: PTDC/BIA-BEC/098553/2008 to M.P.-L, Y.A. and J.T.H.; NSF DEB-0236135 to K.A.C. and M.P.-L.; NSF DEB-1301820 to K.A.C.; the U.S.-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF) 2004-239 to Y.A. and K.A.C.; Israel Science Foundation (ISF) 574/10 to Y.A. J.T.H. received support from Danish Natural Science Foundation, the Carlsberg Foundation, and the SYNTHESYS 1, 2 and 3 Projects http://www.synthesys.info/ financed by the European Community Research Infrastructure Action under the FP-6 & 7 "Capacities" Program." We are very thankful to Philippe Lemey for his help with the beta version of BEAST used in this study. S. Zilinsky (BIU) helped with the lab work. NR 66 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 37 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 81 BP 147 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.09.013 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AW0AO UT WOS:000345953100014 PM 25261121 ER PT J AU Patrick, CJ Cooper, MJ Uzarski, DG AF Patrick, Christopher J. Cooper, Matthew J. Uzarski, Donald G. TI Dispersal Mode and Ability Affect the Spatial Turnover of a Wetland Macroinvertebrate Metacommunity SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Dispersal mode; Dispersal Ability; Community Similarity; Metacommunity; Drowned River Mouth Wetland ID GREAT-LAKES; AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES; NETWORK STRUCTURE; COASTAL WETLANDS; BODY-SIZE; COMMUNITY; HOMOGENIZATION; PATTERNS; ECOLOGY; ECOSYSTEMS AB Dispersal limitation is an important element of metacommunity dynamics, but measuring dispersal is complicated because many communities are composed of species that vary in dispersal strategy and ability We explored how macroinvertebrate community structure varied through the growing season and across habitat types in the Muskegon River mouth wetland complex. We then measured the effect of dispersal mode and ability on the structure of these communities. Macroinvertebrates were categorized as having no, poor, or strong ability to either fly or swim. We found that community structure was closely related to micro-habitat type (i.e., sediment, water column, plant stems) and that communities composed of strong flyers had higher cross-site similarity than those composed of poor or non-flyers.Strong swimmers had higher cross-site similarity than poor or non-swimmers. Prior studies have focused on body size or a multivariate measure of dispersal ability to measure the effect of dispersal on metacommunity structure rather than the direct measures that we used. Our results suggest that while micro-habitat strongly influenced community structure in general, both dispersal mode and dispersal ability affected the spatial organization of macroinvertebrate metacommunities in the Muskegon River mouth wetland complex. C1 [Patrick, Christopher J.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Patrick, Christopher J.; Cooper, Matthew J.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Galvin Life Sci Ctr, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Uzarski, Donald G.] Cent Michigan Univ, CMU Biol Stn, Inst Great Lakes Res, Mt Pleasant, MI 48858 USA. [Uzarski, Donald G.] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Inst Great Lakes Res, Mt Pleasant, MI 48858 USA. RP Patrick, CJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28,Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM patrickc@si.edu FU Great Lakes Fishery Trust FX This work was supported by the Great Lakes Fishery Trust. We thank Adam Bosch, Keto Gyekis, Mary Ogdahl, Aaron Parker, and Jessica Kosiara for field, laboratory, and editorial assistance. Comments from two anonymous reviewers substantially improved the paper. This is contribution 44 from the Central Michigan University Institute for Great Lakes Research. NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD DEC PY 2014 VL 34 IS 6 BP 1133 EP 1143 DI 10.1007/s13157-014-0572-8 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AU4YC UT WOS:000345613300008 ER PT J AU Marais, EA Jacob, DJ Wecht, K Lerot, C Zhang, L Yu, K Kurosu, TP Chance, K Sauvage, B AF Marais, E. A. Jacob, D. J. Wecht, K. Lerot, C. Zhang, L. Yu, K. Kurosu, T. P. Chance, K. Sauvage, B. TI Anthropogenic emissions in Nigeria and implications for atmospheric ozone pollution: A view from space SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Nigeria; NMVOC; Atmospheric ozone pollution; Satellite; AMMA ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; MOZAIC AIRBORNE PROGRAM; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; ISOPRENE EMISSIONS; FORMALDEHYDE COLUMNS; OMI OBSERVATIONS; AIR-POLLUTION; MODEL; AFRICA; TRANSPORT AB Nigeria has a high population density and large fossil fuel resources but very poorly managed energy infrastructure. Satellite observations of formaldehyde (HCHO) and glyoxal (CHOCHO) reveal very large sources of anthropogenic nonmethane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) from the Lagos megacity and oil/gas operations in the Niger Delta. This is supported by aircraft observations over Lagos and satellite observations of methane in the Niger Delta. Satellite observations of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) show large seasonal emissions from open fires in December February (DJF). Ventilation of central Nigeria is severely restricted at that time of year, leading to very poor ozone air quality as observed from aircraft (MOZAIC) and satellite (TES). Simulations with the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model (CTM) suggest that maximum daily 8-h average (MDA8) ozone exceeds 70 ppbv over the region on a seasonal mean basis, with significant contributions from both open fires (15 - 20 ppbv) and fuel/industrial emissions (7-9 ppbv). The already severe ozone pollution in Nigeria could worsen in the future as a result of demographic and economic growth, although this would be offset by a decrease in open fires. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license. C1 [Marais, E. A.; Jacob, D. J.; Wecht, K.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Jacob, D. J.; Zhang, L.; Yu, K.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lerot, C.] Belgian Inst Space Aeron BIRA IASB, Brussels, Belgium. [Zhang, L.] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhang, L.] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Lab Climate & Ocean Atmosphere Studies, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Kurosu, T. P.; Chance, K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA. [Sauvage, B.] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, Lab Aerol, F-31062 Toulouse, France. RP Marais, EA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM emarais@seas.harvard.edu RI 杨, 宇栋/F-6250-2012; Zhang, Lin/A-6729-2008; OI Zhang, Lin/0000-0003-2383-8431; Chance, Kelly/0000-0002-7339-7577; Marais, Eloise/0000-0001-5477-8051 FU NASA through the Aura Science Team; South African National Research; European Commission, Airbus; Airlines (Lufthansa, Air-France, Austrian, Air Namibia, Cathay Pacific, Iberia and China Airlines so far); INSU-CNRS (France); Meteo-France; CNES, Universite Paul Sabatier (Toulouse, France); Research Center Julich (FZJ, Inch, Germany) FX This work was funded by NASA through the Aura Science Team and by a South African National Research Scholarship for Study Abroad awarded to EAM. The authors grately acknowledge James Hopkins and Claire Reeves for access to the NMVOC measurements obtained onboard the BAe-146 aircraft as part of the AMMA campaign in July August 2006. The authors acknowledge the strong support of the European Commission, Airbus, and the Airlines (Lufthansa, Air-France, Austrian, Air Namibia, Cathay Pacific, Iberia and China Airlines so far) who carry the MOZAIC or IAGOS equipment and perform the maintenance since 1994. MOZAIC is presently funded by INSU-CNRS (France), Meteo-France, CNES, Universite Paul Sabatier (Toulouse, France) and Research Center Julich (FZJ, Inch, Germany). IAGOS has been and is additionally funded by the EU projects IAGOS-DS and IAGOS-ERI. The MOZAIC-IAGOS data are available via CNES/CNRS-INSU Ether web site http://www.pole-ether.fr. NR 76 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 33 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 99 BP 32 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.09.055 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AU7TS UT WOS:000345804400005 ER PT J AU Whelan, NV Strong, EE AF Whelan, Nathan V. Strong, Ellen E. TI Seasonal reproductive anatomy and sperm storage in pleurocerid gastropods (Cerithioidea: Pleuroceridae) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pleuroceridae; Leptoxis; Pleurocera; freshwater gastropods; reproduction; sperm storage; anatomy ID GONIOBASIS LAQUEATA SAY; FOOD LIMITATION; LIFE-HISTORY; SNAIL; PROSOBRANCHIA; PHYLOGENY; STREAM; CYCLE; CAENOGASTROPODA; PACHYCHILIDAE AB Life histories, including anatomy and behavior, are a critically understudied component of gastropod biology, especially for imperiled freshwater species of Pleuroceridae. This aspect of their biology provides important insights into understanding how evolution has shaped optimal reproductive success and is critical for informing management and conservation strategies. One particularly understudied facet is seasonal variation in reproductive form and function. For example, some have hypothesized that females store sperm over winter or longer, but no study has explored seasonal variation in accessory reproductive anatomy. We examined the gross anatomy and fine structure of female accessory reproductive structures (pallial oviduct, ovipositor) of four species in two genera (round rocksnail, Leptoxis ampla (Anthony, 1855); smooth hornsnail, Pleurocera prasinata (Conrad, 1834); skirted hornsnail, Pleurocera pyrenella (Conrad, 1834); silty hornsnail, Pleurocera canaliculata (Say, 1821)). Histological analyses show that despite lacking a seminal receptacle, females of these species are capable of storing orientated sperm in their spermatophore bursa. Additionally, we found that they undergo conspicuous seasonal atrophy of the pallial oviduct outside the reproductive season, and there is no evidence that they overwinter sperm. The reallocation of resources primarily to somatic functions outside of the egg-laying season is likely an adaptation that increases survival chances during winter months. C1 [Whelan, Nathan V.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Strong, Ellen E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Whelan, NV (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM nwhelan@auburn.edu OI Whelan, Nathan/0000-0002-3542-2102; Strong, Ellen/0000-0001-7181-4114 FU Smithsonian Institution predoctoral fellowship; National Science Foundation (NSF) Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant [DEB-1110638] FX Thanks go to P.D. Johnson and J.T. Garner of the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources for advice and help in the field. S. Whittaker (USNM) helped with scanning electron microscopy and B. Diamond (USNM) aided with photographing shell and histology. Two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments that improved the manuscript. This work was funded in part by a Smithsonian Institution predoctoral fellowship and a National Science Foundation (NSF) Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant (DEB-1110638) to N.V.W. NR 70 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 19 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0008-4301 EI 1480-3283 J9 CAN J ZOOL JI Can. J. Zool. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 92 IS 12 BP 989 EP 995 DI 10.1139/cjz-2014-0165 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AU4ZR UT WOS:000345617300001 ER PT J AU Ghent, RR Hayne, PO Bandfield, JL Campbell, BA Allen, CC Carter, LM Paige, DA AF Ghent, Rebecca R. Hayne, Paul O. Bandfield, Joshua L. Campbell, Bruce A. Allen, Carlton C. Carter, Lynn M. Paige, David A. TI Constraints on the recent rate of lunar ejecta breakdown and implications for crater ages SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOON; ASTEROIDS; REGOLITH; SURFACE AB We present a new empirical constraint on the rate of breakdown of large ejecta blocks on the Moon based on observations from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Diviner thermal radiometer. We find that the rockiness of fresh crater ejecta can be quantified using the Diviner-derived rock abundance data set, and we present a strong inverse correlation between the 95th percentile value of the ejecta rock abundance (RA(95/5)) and crater age. For nine craters with published model ages derived from crater counts on their continuous ejecta, RA(95/5) decreases with crater age, as (age [m.y.])(-0.46). This result implies shorter rock survival times than predicted based on downward extrapolation of 100 m crater size-frequency distributions, and represents a new empirical constraint on the rate of comminution of large rocks not previously analyzed experimentally or through direct observation. In addition, our result provides a new method for dating young lunar craters. C1 [Ghent, Rebecca R.] Univ Toronto, Dept Earth Sci, Toronto, ON M5S 3B1, Canada. [Ghent, Rebecca R.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Hayne, Paul O.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Bandfield, Joshua L.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Campbell, Bruce A.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Allen, Carlton C.] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Carter, Lynn M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Paige, David A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Ghent, RR (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Earth Sci, 22 Russell St, Toronto, ON M5S 3B1, Canada. RI Carter, Lynn/D-2937-2012 FU National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; NASA FX This work was supported by a Discovery grant from the National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada to Ghent, and by the NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Participating Scientist program. We thank David Blewett and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments. NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 5 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 EI 1943-2682 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD DEC PY 2014 VL 42 IS 12 BP 1059 EP 1062 DI 10.1130/G35926.1 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA AU2IE UT WOS:000345440600009 ER PT J AU Dillman, CB Zhuang, P Zhang, T Zhang, LZ Mugue, N Hilton, EJ AF Dillman, C. B. Zhuang, P. Zhang, T. Zhang, L. -Z. Mugue, N. Hilton, E. J. TI Forensic investigations into a GenBank anomaly: endangered taxa and the importance of voucher specimens in molecular studies SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ICHTHYOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Sturgeons - Sturgeons, Science and Society at the Cross-Roads - Meeting the Challenges of the 21st Century CY JUL 21-25, 2013 CL Nanaimo, CANADA SP Vancouver Isl Univ, WSCS ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA SEQUENCES; STURGEON ACIPENSER; SIBERIAN STURGEON; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; RUSSIAN STURGEON; NORTH-AMERICAN; CONTROL REGION; IDENTIFICATION; BAERII; RIVER AB Whole mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequences provide a powerful approach for investigating and hypothesizing relationships at a broad range of phylogenetic levels, and these data have been used extensively across the diversity of fishes. Mitogenome sequence studies have typically used an exemplar approach wherein one individual is sampled and sequenced. However, as more laboratories are producing these data, taxon sampling within clades, including within-species sampling, is naturally increasing. There are currently eleven acipenserids with complete mitogenome sequences available for download and use from GenBank. Exploration of these sequences indicates that the mitogenome for Acipenser sinensis, the Chinese sturgeon, may either be incorrectly identified or the result of undocumented hybridization with A.gueldenstaedtii. Recently, new material with vouchered specimens has been collected and investigated with DNA sequence data from four mtDNA loci to test whether the published mitogenome of A.sinensis was recovered in the same clade with the new vouchered material. This example reinforces the need for voucher specimens and materials for genetic sequence data. C1 [Dillman, C. B.; Hilton, E. J.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. [Zhuang, P.; Zhang, T.; Zhang, L. -Z.] Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, East China Sea Fisheries Res Inst, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Mugue, N.] Russian Fed Res Inst Fisheries & Oceanog, Moscow, Russia. RP Dillman, CB (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Div Fishes, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM dillmanc@si.edu NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0175-8659 EI 1439-0426 J9 J APPL ICHTHYOL JI J. Appl. Ichthyol. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 30 IS 6 SI SI BP 1300 EP 1309 DI 10.1111/jai.12568 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AU4NO UT WOS:000345588500030 ER PT J AU Hodge, B AF Hodge, Brooke TI Of Green Leaf, Bird, and Flower: Artists Books and the Natural World SO ARTFORUM INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Hodge, Brooke] Smithsonian Design Museum, Cooper Hewitt, New York, NY 10128 USA. RP Hodge, B (reprint author), Smithsonian Design Museum, Cooper Hewitt, New York, NY 10128 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARTFORUM PI NEW YORK PA 350 SEVENTH AVENUE ATTN: SUBSCRIPTIONS, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA SN 1086-7058 J9 ARTFORUM INT JI Artforum Int. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 53 IS 4 BP 106 EP 109 PG 4 WC Art SC Art GA AT9TC UT WOS:000345267900018 ER PT J AU Benedict, GF Tanner, AM Cargile, PA Ciardi, DR AF Benedict, G. Fritz Tanner, Angelle M. Cargile, Phillip A. Ciardi, David R. TI A TECHNIQUE TO DERIVE IMPROVED PROPER MOTIONS FOR KEPLER OBJECTS OF INTEREST SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; planetary systems; proper motions; stars: distances ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; CANDIDATE EXOPLANET COMPANION; PRECISION RADIAL-VELOCITIES; GUIDANCE SENSOR 3; SKY SURVEY 2MASS; INTERFEROMETRIC ASTROMETRY; PLANET SYSTEMS; PARALLAXES; SELECTION; CATALOG AB We outline an approach yielding proper motions with higher precision than exists in present catalogs for a sample of stars in the Kepler field. To increase proper-motion precision, we combine first-moment centroids of Kepler pixel data from a single season with existing catalog positions and proper motions. We use this astrometry to produce improved reduced-proper-motion diagrams, analogous to a Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram, for stars identified as Kepler objects of interest. The more precise the relative proper motions, the better the discrimination between stellar luminosity classes. Using UCAC4 and PPMXL epoch 2000 positions (and proper motions from those catalogs as quasi-Bayesian priors), astrometry for a single test Channel (21) and Season (0) spanning 2 yr yields proper motions with an average per-coordinate proper-motion error of 1.0 mas yr(-1), which is over a factor of three better than existing catalogs. We apply a mapping between a reduced-proper-motion diagram and an H-R diagram, both constructed using Hubble Space Telescope parallaxes and proper motions, to estimate Kepler object of interest K-band absolute magnitudes. The techniques discussed apply to any future small-field astrometry as well as to the rest of the Kepler field. C1 [Benedict, G. Fritz] Univ Texas Austin, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Tanner, Angelle M.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. [Cargile, Phillip A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Cargile, Phillip A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ciardi, David R.] CALTECH, NASA, Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Benedict, GF (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM fritz@astro.as.utexas.edu OI Ciardi, David/0000-0002-5741-3047 FU NASA Science Mission directorate; NASA contract [NAS5-26555]; NASA Office of Space Science [NNX13AC07G]; NASA [NNX13AC22G, NNX12AF76G]; NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics grant [AST-1109612]; NASA; NSF; National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program; W. M. Keck Foundation FX This paper includes data collected by the Kepler mission. Funding for Kepler is provided by the NASA Science Mission directorate. All of the Kepler data presented in this paper were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) at the Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for MAST for non-HST data is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science via grant NNX13AC07G and by other grants and contracts. Direct support for this work was provided to G. F. B. by NASA through grant NNX13AC22G. Direct support for this work was provided to A. M. T. by NASA through grant NNX12AF76G. P. A. C. acknowledges NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics grant AST-1109612. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by NASA and the NSF. This research has made use of the SIMBAD and Vizier databases and Aladin, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France; the NASA/IPAC Extra-galactic Database (NED) which is operated by JPL, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the NASA; and NASA's Astrophysics Data System Abstract Service. This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The authors recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. G. F. B. thanks Bill Jefferys, Tom Harrison, and Barbara McArthur who, over many years, contributed to the techniques reported in this paper. G. F. B. and A. M. T. thank Dave Monet for several stimulating discussions that should have warned us off from this project, but did not. G. F. B. thanks Debra Winegarten for her able assistance, allowing progress on this project. We thank an anonymous referee for a thorough, careful, and useful review which materially improved the final paper. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 148 IS 6 AR 108 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/148/6/108 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT9BP UT WOS:000345223200005 ER PT J AU Gunther, HM Cody, AM Covey, KR Hillenbrand, LA Plavchan, P Poppenhaeger, K Rebull, LM Stauffer, JR Wolk, SJ Allen, L Bayo, A Gutermuth, RA Hora, JL Meng, HYA Morales-Calderon, M Parks, JR Song, I AF Guenther, H. M. Cody, A. M. Covey, K. R. Hillenbrand, L. A. Plavchan, P. Poppenhaeger, K. Rebull, L. M. Stauffer, J. R. Wolk, S. J. Allen, L. Bayo, A. Gutermuth, R. A. Hora, J. L. Meng, H. Y. A. Morales-Calderon, M. Parks, J. R. Song, Inseok TI YSOVAR: MID-INFRARED VARIABILITY IN THE STAR-FORMING REGION LYNDS 1688 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; stars: formation; stars: pre-main sequence; stars: protostars; stars: variables: T Tauri, Herbig Ae/Be ID T-TAURI-STARS; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; RHO-OPHIUCHI CLOUD; INFRARED PHOTOMETRIC VARIABILITY; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; ORION NEBULA CLUSTER; BROWN DWARF DISKS; X-RAY AB The emission from young stellar objects (YSOs) in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) is dominated by the inner rim of their circumstellar disks. We present IR data from the Young Stellar Object VARiability (YSOVAR) survey of similar to 800 objects in the direction of the Lynds 1688 (L1688) star-forming region over four visibility windows spanning 1.6 yr using the Spitzer Space Telescope in its warm mission phase. Among all light curves, 57 sources are cluster members identified based on their spectral energy distribution and X-ray emission. Almost all cluster members show significant variability. The amplitude of the variability is larger in more embedded YSOs. Ten out of 57 cluster members have periodic variations in the light curves with periods typically between three and seven days, but even for those sources, significant variability in addition to the periodic signal can be seen. No period is stable over 1.6 yr. Nonperiodic light curves often still show a preferred timescale of variability that is longer for more embedded sources. About half of all sources exhibit redder colors in a fainter state. This is compatible with time-variable absorption toward the YSO. The other half becomes bluer when fainter. These colors can only be explained with significant changes in the structure of the inner disk. No relation between mid-IR variability and stellar effective temperature or X-ray spectrum is found. C1 [Guenther, H. M.; Poppenhaeger, K.; Wolk, S. J.; Hora, J. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Cody, A. M.; Rebull, L. M.; Stauffer, J. R.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Covey, K. R.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Hillenbrand, L. A.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Plavchan, P.] CALTECH, NASA, Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Allen, L.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Bayo, A.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Bayo, A.] Univ Valparaiso, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis & Astron, Valparaiso, Chile. [Gutermuth, R. A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Meng, H. Y. A.] CALTECH, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Meng, H. Y. A.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Morales-Calderon, M.] INTA CSIC, Ctr Astrobiol, E-28691 Villanueva De La Canada, Spain. [Parks, J. R.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Song, Inseok] Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Gunther, HM (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM hguenther@cfa.harvard.edu RI Morales-Calderon, Maria/C-8384-2017; OI Morales-Calderon, Maria/0000-0001-9526-9499; Poppenhaeger, Katja/0000-0003-1231-2194; Gunther, Hans Moritz/0000-0003-4243-2840; Rebull, Luisa/0000-0001-6381-515X; Covey, Kevin/0000-0001-6914-7797; Meng, Huan/0000-0003-0006-7937 FU NASA; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation; Spitzer [1490851]; IPAC Visiting Graduate Fellowship program at Caltech/IPAC; JPL Research and Technology Development and Exoplanet Exploration programs; NASA ADAP [NNX11AD14G, NNX13AF08G]; Caltech/JPL awards [1373081, 1424329, 1440160]; Spitzer Space Telescope observing programs; NASA [NAS8-03060] FX This work is based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. Support for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech. This research made use of Astropy, a community-developed core Python package for astronomy (The Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013). This research has made use of the SIMBAD database and the VizieR catalogue access tool (Ochsenbein et al. 2000), both operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France, and of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. H. M. G. acknowledges Spitzer grant 1490851. H.Y.A.M. and P. P. acknowledge support by the IPAC Visiting Graduate Fellowship program at Caltech/IPAC. P. P. also acknowledges the JPL Research and Technology Development and Exoplanet Exploration programs. R. A. G. gratefully acknowledges funding support from NASA ADAP grants NNX11AD14G and NNX13AF08G and Caltech/JPL awards 1373081, 1424329, and 1440160 in support of Spitzer Space Telescope observing programs. S.J.W. was supported by NASA contract NAS8-03060. NR 109 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 148 IS 6 AR 122 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/148/6/122 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT9BP UT WOS:000345223200019 ER PT J AU Kinman, TD Brown, WR AF Kinman, T. D. Brown, Warren R. TI THE IDENTIFICATION OF RR LYRAE AND delta SCUTTI STARS FROM VARIABLE GALAXY EVOLUTION EXPLORER ULTRAVIOLET SOURCES SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars: horizontal-branch; stars: variables: delta Scuti; stars: variables: RR Lyrae ID HORIZONTAL-BRANCH STARS; SKY VARIABILITY SURVEY; SURVEY STRIPE 82; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITIONS; GALACTIC HALO; THICK DISK; ECLIPSING VARIABLES; CATALINA SURVEYS; GUVV-2 CATALOG; BINARY STARS AB We identify the RR Lyrae and delta Scuti stars in three catalogs of Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) variable sources. The NUV amplitude of RR Lyrae stars is about twice that in V, so we find a larger percentage of low-amplitude variables than catalogs such as Abbas et al. Interestingly, the (NUV - V)(0) color is sensitive to metallicity and can be used to distinguish between variables of the same period but differing [Fe/H]. This color is also more sensitive to T-eff than optical colors and can be used to identify the red edge of the instability gap. We find 8 delta Scuti stars, 17 RRc stars, 1 RRd star, and 84 RRab stars in the GALEX variable catalogs of Welsh et al. and Wheatley et al. We also classify 6 delta Scuti stars, 5 RRc stars, and 18 RRab stars among the 55 variable GALEX sources identified as "stars" or RR Lyrae stars in the catalog of Gezari et al. We provide ephemerides and light curves for the 26 variables that were not previously known. C1 [Kinman, T. D.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Brown, Warren R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Kinman, TD (reprint author), Natl Opt Astron Observ, 950 North Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM kinman@noao.edu FU NASA at MIT Lincoln Laboratory under Air Force Contract [FA8721-05-0002]; NASA [NNG05GF22G]; NSF [AST-0909182, AST-1313422]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; NSF; US D.O.E FX We acknowledge use of the International Variable Star Index (VSX) database operated at AAVSO, Cambridge, MA, USA. Also the LINEAR survey (available on the SkyDOT website) and funded by NASA at MIT Lincoln Laboratory under Air Force Contract FA8721-05-0002. Also the Catalina Surveys (Data Release 2) that is supported by NASA under grant NNG05GF22G and NSF grants AST-0909182 and AST-1313422. We used the VizieR catalog access tool, CDC, Strasbourg, France. We acknowledge using data from the SDSS funded by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the NSF, and the US D.O.E. We also used the MAST (Multimission Archive at the STSci which is operated for NASA by AURA), the SIMBAD database (operated at the CDS, Strasbourg, France), ADS (the NASA Astrophysics Data System), and the arXiv e-print server. We also used the NASA Exoplanet Archive which is operated by the California Institute of Technology under contract with NASA. NR 62 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 148 IS 6 AR 121 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/148/6/121 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT9BP UT WOS:000345223200018 ER PT J AU Lackner, CN Silverman, JD Salvato, M Kampczyk, P Kartaltepe, JS Sanders, D Capak, P Civano, F Halliday, C Ilbert, O Jahnke, K Koekemoer, AM Lee, N Le Fevre, O Liu, CT Scoville, N Sheth, K Toft, S AF Lackner, C. N. Silverman, J. D. Salvato, M. Kampczyk, P. Kartaltepe, J. S. Sanders, D. Capak, P. Civano, F. Halliday, C. Ilbert, O. Jahnke, K. Koekemoer, A. M. Lee, N. Le Fevre, O. Liu, C. T. Scoville, N. Sheth, K. Toft, S. TI LATE-STAGE GALAXY MERGERS IN COSMOS TO z similar to 1 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: formation; galaxies: interactions; techniques: image processing ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; DEEP-FIELD-SOUTH; ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; EXTRAGALACTIC LEGACY SURVEY; TELESCOPE ADVANCED CAMERA; STELLAR MASS FUNCTION; LESS-THAN 1.5; REDSHIFT SURVEY AB The role of major mergers in galaxy and black hole formation is not well-constrained. To help address this, we develop an automated method to identify late-stage galaxy mergers before coalescence of the galactic cores. The resulting sample of mergers is distinct from those obtained using pair-finding and morphological indicators. Our method relies on median-filtering of high-resolution images to distinguish two concentrated galaxy nuclei at small separations. This method does not rely on low surface brightness features to identify mergers, and is therefore reliable to high redshift. Using mock images, we derive statistical contamination and incompleteness corrections for the fraction of late-stage mergers. The mock images show that our method returns an uncontaminated (<10%) sample of mergers with projected separations between 2.2 and 8 kpc out to z similar to 1. We apply our new method to a magnitude-limited (m(FW 814) < 23) sample of 44,164 galaxies from the COSMOS HST/ACS catalog. Using a mass-complete sample with log M-*/M-circle dot > 10.6 and 0.25 < z <= 1.00, we find similar to 5% of systems are late-stage mergers. Correcting for incompleteness and contamination, the fractional merger rate increases strongly with redshift as R-merge proportional to (1 + z)(3.8 +/- 0.9), in agreement both with earlier studies and with dark matter halo merger rates. Separating the sample into star-forming and quiescent galaxies shows that the merger rate for star-forming galaxies increases strongly with redshift, (1 + z)(4.5 +/- 1.3), while the merger rate for quiescent galaxies is consistent with no evolution, (1 + z)(1.1 +/- 1.2). The merger rate also becomes steeper with decreasing stellar mass. Limiting our sample to galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts from zCOSMOS, we find that the star formation rates and X-ray selected active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity in likely late-stage mergers are higher by factors of similar to 2 relative to those of a control sample. Combining our sample with more widely separated pairs, we find that 8 +/- 5% of star formation and 20 +/- 8% of AGN activity are triggered by close encounters (<143 kpc) or mergers, providing additional evidence that major mergers are not the only channels for star formation and black hole growth. C1 [Lackner, C. N.; Silverman, J. D.] Univ Tokyo, Kavli IPMU WPI, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. [Salvato, M.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-84571 Garching, Germany. [Kampczyk, P.] ETH, Dept Phys, Inst Astron, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Kartaltepe, J. S.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Sanders, D.; Lee, N.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Capak, P.; Scoville, N.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Civano, F.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Civano, F.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Ilbert, O.; Le Fevre, O.] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Lab Astrophys Marseille, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Jahnke, K.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Koekemoer, A. M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Liu, C. T.] CUNY Coll Staten Isl, Astrophys Observ, Staten Isl, NY 10314 USA. [Sheth, K.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, NAASC, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Toft, S.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Dark Cosmol Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Lackner, CN (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Kavli IPMU WPI, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. EM claire.lackner@ipmu.jp OI Koekemoer, Anton/0000-0002-6610-2048 FU World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan; Lundbeck Foundation; Danish National Research Foundation FX We thank the referee for insightful comments that greatly improved this work. We also thank Richard Massey and Kevin Bundy for helpful comments on a draft. This work was supported by the World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan. S. T. acknowledges support from the Lundbeck Foundation. The Dark Cosmology Centre is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research made use of APLpy, an open-source plotting package for Python hosted at http://aplpy.github.com NR 146 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 10 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 148 IS 6 AR 137 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/148/6/137 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT9BP UT WOS:000345223200033 ER PT J AU Berger, E Zauderer, BA Chary, RR Laskar, T Chornock, R Tanvir, NR Stanway, ER Levan, AJ Levesque, EM Davies, JE AF Berger, E. Zauderer, B. A. Chary, R. -R. Laskar, T. Chornock, R. Tanvir, N. R. Stanway, E. R. Levan, A. J. Levesque, E. M. Davies, J. E. TI ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF THE HOST GALAXY OF GRB 090423 AT z=8.23: DEEP LIMITS ON OBSCURED STAR FORMATION 630 MILLION YEARS AFTER THE BIG BANG SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: high-redshift; gamma-ray burst: individual (GRB 090423); radio continuum: galaxies ID GAMMA-RAY BURST; LYMAN-BREAK GALAXIES; SIMILAR-TO 7; LY-ALPHA EMITTERS; C II LINE; SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES; FORMING GALAXIES; SPECTROSCOPIC CONFIRMATION; FORMATION RATES; FIELD-SOUTH AB We present rest-frame far-infrared (FIR) and optical observations of the host galaxy of GRB 090423 at z = 8.23 from the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) and the Spitzer Space Telescope, respectively. The host remains undetected to 3 sigma limits of F-nu(222 GHz) less than or similar to 33 mu Jy and F-nu(3.6 mu m) less than or similar to 81 nJy. The FIR limit is about 20 times fainter than the luminosity of the local ULIRG Arp 220 and comparable to the local starburst M 82. Comparing this with model spectral energy distributions, we place a limit on the infrared (IR) luminosity of LIR(8-1000 mu m) less than or similar to 3x10(10) L-circle dot, corresponding to a limit on the obscured star formation rate of SFRIR less than or similar to 5 M-circle dot yr(-1). For comparison, the limit on the unobscured star formation rate from Hubble Space Telescope rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) observations is SFRUV less than or similar to 1 M-circle dot yr(-1). We also place a (for a stellar population age of 100 Myr and constant star formation rate). Finally, we compare our millimeter observations to those of field galaxies at z greater than or similar to 4 (Lyman break galaxies, Ly alpha emitters, and submillimeter galaxies) and find that our limit on the FIR luminosity is the most constraining to date, although the field galaxies have much larger rest-frame UV/optical luminosities than the host of GRB 090423 by virtue of their selection techniques. We conclude that GRB host galaxies at z greater than or similar to 4, especially those with measured interstellar medium metallicities from afterglow spectroscopy, are an attractive sample for future ALMA studies of high redshift obscured star formation. C1 [Berger, E.; Zauderer, B. A.; Chary, R. -R.; Laskar, T.; Chornock, R.; Davies, J. E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chary, R. -R.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Tanvir, N. R.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Stanway, E. R.; Levan, A. J.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Levesque, E. M.] Univ Colorado, CASA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Berger, E (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Stanway, Elizabeth/0000-0002-8770-809X FU National Science Foundation [AST-1107973]; NASA FX The Berger GRB group at Harvard is supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant AST-1107973. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2012.1.00953.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. NR 57 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 2 AR 96 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/2/96 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT4AI UT WOS:000344878900025 ER PT J AU Bromley, BC Kenyon, SJ AF Bromley, Benjamin C. Kenyon, Scott J. TI THE FATE OF SCATTERED PLANETS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; planet-disk interactions; planets and satellites: formation ID PRIMORDIAL SOLAR NEBULA; GAS GIANT PLANETS; BODY-COAGULATION CODE; T TAURI STARS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; FOMALHAUT B; PLANETESIMAL FORMATION; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; DYNAMICAL FRICTION AB As gas giant planets evolve, they may scatter other planets far from their original orbits to produce hot Jupiters or rogue planets that are not gravitationally bound to any star. Here, we consider planets cast out to large orbital distances on eccentric, bound orbits through a gaseous disk. With simple numerical models, we show that super-Earths can interact with the gas through dynamical friction to settle in the remote outer regions of a planetary system. Outcomes depend on planet mass, the initial scattered orbit, and the evolution of the time-dependent disk. Efficient orbital damping by dynamical friction requires planets at least as massive as the Earth. More massive, longer-lived disks damp eccentricities more efficiently than less massive, short-lived ones. Transition disks with an expanding inner cavity can circularize orbits at larger distances than disks that experience a global (homologous) decay in surface density. Thus, orbits of remote planets may reveal the evolutionary history of their primordial gas disks. A remote planet with an orbital distance similar to 100 AU from the Sun is plausible and might explain correlations in the orbital parameters of several distant trans-Neptunian objects. C1 [Bromley, Benjamin C.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Kenyon, Scott J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Bromley, BC (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, 115 S 1400 E,Rm 201, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM bromley@physics.utah.edu; skenyon@cfa.harvard.edu OI Kenyon, Scott/0000-0003-0214-609X FU Origins of Solar Systems programs [NNX10AF35G]; NASA Outer Planets Program [NNX11AM37G]; NASA Astrophysics Theory FX We are grateful to M. Geller for comments and advice on presentation. We also appreciate the thoughtful comments of an anonymous referee. We acknowledge NASA for a generous allotment of computer time on the NCCS 'discover' cluster. Portions of this project were supported by the NASA Astrophysics Theory and Origins of Solar Systems programs through grant NNX10AF35G, and the NASA Outer Planets Program through grant NNX11AM37G. NR 85 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 2 AR 141 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/2/141 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT4AI UT WOS:000344878900070 ER PT J AU Cloutier, R Currie, T Rieke, GH Kenyon, SJ Balog, Z Jayawardhana, R AF Cloutier, Ryan Currie, Thayne Rieke, George H. Kenyon, Scott J. Balog, Zoltan Jayawardhana, Ray TI A DEEP SPITZER SURVEY OF CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS IN THE YOUNG DOUBLE CLUSTER, h AND chi PERSEI SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; open clusters and associations: individual (NGC 869, NGC 884) planetary systems; protoplanetary disks; stars: formation ID MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; LOW-MASS STARS; TERRESTRIAL PLANET FORMATION; SCORPIUS OB ASSOCIATION; CIRCLE-DOT STARS; T-TAURI STARS; 2-DIMENSIONAL RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; HERBIG AE/BE STARS; SUN-LIKE STARS AB We analyze very deep Infrared Array Camera and Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS) photometry of similar to 12,500 members of the 14 Myr old Double Cluster, h and chi Persei, building upon our earlier, shallower Spitzer Cycle 1 studies. Numerous likely members show infrared (IR) excesses at 8 mu m and 24 mu m, indicative of circumstellar dust. The frequency of stars with 8 mu m excess is at least 2% for our entire sample, slightly lower (higher) for B/A stars (later type, lower mass stars). Optical spectroscopy also identifies gas in about 2% of systems, but with no clear trend between the presence of dust and gas. Spectral energy distribution modeling of 18 sources with detections at optical wavelengths through MIPS 24 mu m reveals a diverse set of disk evolutionary states, including a high fraction of transitional disks, though similar data for all disk-bearing members would provide constraints. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we combine our results with those for other young clusters to study the global evolution of dust/gas disks. For nominal cluster ages, the e-folding times (tau(0)) for the frequency of warm dust and gas are 2.75 Myr and 1.75 Myr, respectively. Assuming a revised set of ages for some clusters, these timescales increase to 5.75 and 3.75 Myr, respectively, implying a significantly longer typical protoplanetary disk lifetime than previously thought. In both cases, the transitional disk duration, averaged over multiple evolutionary pathways, is approximate to 1 Myr. Finally, 24 mu m excess frequencies for 4-6 M-circle dot stars appear lower than for 1-2.5 M-circle dot stars in other 10-30 Myr old clusters. C1 [Cloutier, Ryan; Currie, Thayne; Jayawardhana, Ray] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2J7, Canada. [Rieke, George H.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Kenyon, Scott J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. [Balog, Zoltan] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Jayawardhana, Ray] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. RP Cloutier, R (reprint author), Univ Toronto, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 2J7, Canada. EM cloutier@cita.utoronto.ca; currie@astro.utoronto.ca; grieke@as.arizona.edu; skenyon@cfa.harvard.edu FU McLean Postdoctoral Fellowship FX We thank the anonymous referee for suggestions that improved the quality of this paper. John Carpenter and Eric Mamajek also provided very helpful early draft comments and other suggestions that improved the quality of this paper. We also thank Andras Gaspar, Todd Thompson, and Cameron Bell for additional helpful conversations. T.C. is supported by a McLean Postdoctoral Fellowship. NR 119 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 2 AR 127 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/2/127 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT4AI UT WOS:000344878900056 ER PT J AU Davis, SW Jiang, YF Stone, JM Murray, N AF Davis, Shane W. Jiang, Yan-Fei Stone, James M. Murray, Norman TI RADIATION FEEDBACK IN ULIRGs: ARE PHOTONS MOVERS AND SHAKERS? SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: ISM; hydrodynamics; ISM: jets and outflows; methods: numerical; radiative transfer ID RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY; FLUX-LIMITED DIFFUSION; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; PRESSURE; WINDS; HYDRODYNAMICS; STARBURSTS; EXTINCTION; ALGORITHMS; KINEMATICS AB We perform multidimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations to study the impact of radiation forces on atmospheres composed of dust and gas. Our setup closely follows that of Krumholz & Thompson, assuming that dust and gas are well-coupled and that the radiation field is characterized by blackbodies with temperatures greater than or similar to 80 K, as might be found in ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs). In agreement with previous work, we find that Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities develop in radiation supported atmospheres, leading to inhomogeneities that limit momentum exchange between radiation and dusty gas, and eventually providing a near balance of the radiation and gravitational forces. However, the evolution of the velocity and spatial distributions of the gas differs significantly from previous work, which utilized a less accurate flux-limited diffusion (FLD) method. Our variable Eddington tensor simulations show continuous net acceleration of the gas and never reach a steady state. In contrast, our FLD results show little net acceleration of the gas and settle into a quasi-steady, turbulent state with low velocity dispersion. The discrepancies result primarily from the inability of FLD to properly model the variation of the radiation field around structures that are less than a few optical depths across. We consider the effect of varying the optical depth and study the differences between two-dimensional and three-dimensional runs. We conclude that radiation feedback remains a plausible mechanism for driving high-Mach number turbulence in ULIRGs with sufficiently high optical depths. We discuss implications for observed systems and galactic-scale numerical simulations of feedback. C1 [Davis, Shane W.; Murray, Norman] Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Davis, Shane W.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Jiang, Yan-Fei] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Stone, James M.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Davis, SW (reprint author), Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. FU Canada Research Chair program; NASA [NNX11AF49G]; NSF [AST-1333091]; NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship [PF-140109]; Chandra X-ray Center; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA [NAS8-03060]; Canada Foundation for Innovation under the auspices of Compute Canada; Government of Ontario; Ontario Research Fund-Research Excellence; University of Toronto; National Science Foundation [NSF PHY11-25915] FX We thank the referee, P. Hopkins, for helpful comments and criticism that improved this manuscript. We also thank C.- A. Faucher- Giguer, M. Krumholz, C. Matzner, E. Ostriker, and T. Thompson for useful discussions. The authors acknowledge the KITP for hosting us while part of this work was completed. N.M. is supported in part by the Canada Research Chair program. J.S. acknowledges support from NASA through grant NNX11AF49G and the NSF through grant AST-1333091. Y.F.J. is supported by NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship grant number PF-140109 awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. Computations were performed on the GPC supercomputer at the SciNet HPC Consortium. SciNet is funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation under the auspices of Compute Canada, the Government of Ontario, Ontario Research Fund-Research Excellence, and the University of Toronto. This research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant No. NSF PHY11-25915. NR 45 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 2 AR 107 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/2/107 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT4AI UT WOS:000344878900036 ER PT J AU Dumusque, X Boisse, I Santos, NC AF Dumusque, X. Boisse, I. Santos, N. C. TI SOAP 2.0: A TOOL TO ESTIMATE THE PHOTOMETRIC AND RADIAL VELOCITY VARIATIONS INDUCED BY STELLAR SPOTS AND PLAGES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; stars: activity; stars: individual (alpha Cen B); stars: individual (HD 189733); techniques:radial velocities ID EXTRA-SOLAR PLANETS; EARTH-LIKE PLANETS; ALPHA-CENTAURI-B; HARPS SEARCH; PHOTOSPHERIC LINES; WAVELENGTH SHIFTS; ROTATION PERIOD; HABITABLE ZONE; LIMB VARIATION; SIZED PLANET AB This paper presents SOAP 2.0, a new version of the Spot Oscillation And Planet (SOAP) code that estimates in a simple way the photometric and radial velocity (RV) variations induced by active regions. The inhibition of the convective blueshift (CB) inside active regions is considered, as well as the limb brightening effect of plages, a quadratic limb darkening law, and a realistic spot and plage contrast ratio. SOAP 2.0 shows that the activity-induced variation of plages is dominated by the inhibition of the CB effect. For spots, this effect becomes significant only for slow rotators. In addition, in the case of a major active region dominating the activity-induced signal, the ratio between the FWHM and the RV peak-to-peak amplitudes of the cross correlation function can be used to infer the type of active region responsible for the signal for stars with v sin i <= 8 kms(-1). A ratio smaller than three implies a spot, while a larger ratio implies a plage. Using the observation of HD 189733, we show that SOAP 2.0 manages to reproduce the activity variation as well as previous simulations when a spot is dominating the activity-induced variation. In addition, SOAP 2.0 also reproduces the activity variation induced by a plage on the slowly rotating star alpha Cen B, which is not possible using previous simulations. Following these results, SOAP 2.0 can be used to estimate the signal induced by spots and plages, but also to correct for it when a major active region is dominating the RV variation. C1 [Dumusque, X.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Boisse, I.] Lab Astrophys Marseille, UMR 6110, F-13388 Marseille 13, France. [Santos, N. C.] Univ Porto, Ctr Astrofis, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal. [Santos, N. C.] Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis & Astron, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal. RP Dumusque, X (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM xdumusque@cfa.harvard.edu RI Santos, Nuno/E-9957-2011 OI Santos, Nuno/0000-0003-4422-2919 NR 69 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 2 AR 132 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/2/132 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT4AI UT WOS:000344878900061 ER PT J AU Dumusque, X AF Dumusque, X. TI DERIVING STELLAR INCLINATION OF SLOW ROTATORS USING STELLAR ACTIVITY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars: activity; stars: individual (HD 189733, a Cen B); starspots; techniques: radial velocities ID SPIN-ORBIT MISALIGNMENT; ALPHA-CENTAURI-B; SUN-LIKE STAR; DIFFERENTIAL ROTATION; MAGNETOSPHERIC ACCRETION; EXOPLANETARY SYSTEM; TRANSITING PLANETS; HOT JUPITERS; HD 189733; K-DWARF AB Stellar inclination is an important parameter for many astrophysical studies. Although different techniques allow us to estimate stellar inclination for fast rotators, it becomes much more difficult when stars are rotating slower than similar to 2-2.5 km s(-1). By using the new activity simulation SOAP 2.0 which can reproduce the photometric and spectroscopic variations induced by stellar activity, we are able to fit observations of solar-type stars and derive their inclination. For HD 189733, we estimate the stellar inclination to be i = 84(-20)(+6) deg, which implies a star-planet obliquity of psi = 4(-4)(+18) considering previous measurements of the spin-orbit angle. For alpha Cen B, we derive an inclination of i = 45(-19)(+9), which implies that the rotational spin of the star is not aligned with the orbital spin of the a Cen binary system. In addition, assuming that alpha Cen Bb is aligned with its host star, no transit would occur. The inclination of alpha Cen B can be measured using 40 radial-velocity measurements, which is remarkable given that the projected rotational velocity of the star is smaller than 1.15 km s(1). C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Dumusque, X (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM xdumusque@cfa.harvard.edu FU Swiss National Science Foundation through an Early PostDoc Mobility fellowship; Harvard Origins of Life Initiative fellowship FX We thank the anonymous referee for valuable comments that improved the first version of the paper and made the results more significant. We are very grateful to the MOST team for making available the observations analyzed in this work and for useful discussion. In addition, interesting discussion with R.Anderson, I.Boisse, D. Kipping, F. Pepe, S. Saar, N.C. Santos, D. Segransan and A.Triaud helped improve the paper. We thank R. Anderson for a careful read of the paper and very helpful comments in return.X.D. thanks the Swiss National Science Foundation for its financial support through an Early PostDoc Mobility fellowship. X.D. acknowledges support from the Harvard Origins of Life Initiative fellowship. NR 90 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 2 AR 133 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/2/133 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT4AI UT WOS:000344878900062 ER PT J AU Guzman, AE Garay, G Rodriguez, LF Moran, J Brooks, KJ Bronfman, L Nyman, LA Sanhueza, P Mardones, D AF Guzman, Andres E. Garay, Guido Rodriguez, Luis F. Moran, James Brooks, Kate J. Bronfman, Leonardo Nyman, Lars-Ake Sanhueza, Patricio Mardones, Diego TI THE SLOW IONIZED WIND AND ROTATING DISKLIKE SYSTEM THAT ARE ASSOCIATED WITH THE HIGH-MASS YOUNG STELLAR OBJECT G345.4938+01.4677 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: individual objects (IRAS 16562-3959); ISM: jets and outflows; stars: formation; stars: individual (G345.4938+01.4677); stars: jets ID RADIO RECOMBINATION LINES; STAR-FORMING REGIONS; PRINCIPAL QUANTUM NUMBERS; HYPERCOMPACT HII-REGIONS; COLLIMATED JET SOURCE; LARGE PROPER MOTIONS; CEPHEUS-A HW2; H-II REGIONS; MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS; HIGH-VELOCITY AB We report the detection, made using ALMA, of the 92 GHz continuum and hydrogen recombination lines (HRLs) H40 alpha, H42 alpha, and H50 beta emission toward the ionized wind associated with the high-mass young stellar object G345.4938+01.4677. This is the luminous central dominating source located in the massive and dense molecular clump associated with IRAS 16562-3959. The HRLs exhibit Voigt profiles, which is a strong signature of Stark broadening. We successfully reproduce the observed continuum and HRLs simultaneously using a simple model of a slow ionized wind in local thermodynamic equilibrium, with no need for a high-velocity component. The Lorentzian line wings imply electron densities of 5 x 10(7) cm(-3) on average. In addition, we detect SO and SO2 emission arising from a compact (similar to 3000 AU) molecular core associated with the central young star. The molecular core exhibits a velocity gradient that is perpendicular to the jet-axis, which we interpret as evidence of rotation. The set of observations toward G345.4938+01.4677 are consistent with it being a young high-mass star associated with a slow photo-ionized wind. C1 [Guzman, Andres E.; Garay, Guido; Bronfman, Leonardo; Mardones, Diego] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Guzman, Andres E.; Moran, James] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA. [Rodriguez, Luis F.] Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis UNAM, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Brooks, Kate J.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Nyman, Lars-Ake] Joint ALMA Observ JAO, Santiago, Chile. [Sanhueza, Patricio] Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Sanhueza, Patricio] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. RP Guzman, AE (reprint author), Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Camino Observ 1515, Santiago, Chile. RI Mardones, Diego/I-5719-2016; Bronfman, Leonardo/H-9544-2013; Garay, Guido/H-8840-2013; OI Bronfman, Leonardo/0000-0002-9574-8454; Garay, Guido/0000-0003-1649-7958; Guzman, Andres/0000-0003-0990-8990; Brooks, Kate/0000-0001-9373-8992; Moran, James/0000-0002-3882-4414 FU NASA [NNX12AI55G, NNX10AD68G]; CONICYT [PFB-06] FX The authors are grateful to C. Barrett, Y. Contreras, E. Keto, L. Kristensen, and Q. Zhang for useful discussions and proofreading the manuscript. The authors thank an anonymous referee for a careful reading and useful suggestions that improved this article. A.E.G. acknowledges support from NASA Grants NNX12AI55G and NNX10AD68G. L.B., G.G., and D.M. acknowledge support from CONICYT through project PFB-06. This paper makes use of ALMA data ADS/JAO.ALMA#2011.0.00351.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (member states), NINS (Japan), NSF (USA), NRC (Canada), and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. NR 142 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 2 AR 117 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/2/117 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT4AI UT WOS:000344878900046 ER PT J AU Jiang, YF Stone, JM Davis, SW AF Jiang, Yan-Fei Stone, James M. Davis, Shane W. TI A GLOBAL THREE-DIMENSIONAL RADIATION MAGNETO-HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATION OF SUPER-EDDINGTON ACCRETION DISKS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); methods: numerical; radiative transfer ID X-RAY SOURCES; BLACK-HOLE ACCRETION; MAGNETOROTATIONAL TURBULENCE; ULTRALUMINOUS STATE; VERTICAL STRUCTURE; LOCAL SIMULATIONS; DOMINATED DISKS; GAS-PRESSURE; SOLAR MASSES; XMM-NEWTON AB We study super-Eddington accretion flows onto black holes using a global three-dimensional radiation magneto-hydrodynamical simulation. We solve the time-dependent radiative transfer equation for the specific intensities to accurately calculate the angular distribution of the emitted radiation. Turbulence generated by the magneto-rotational instability provides self-consistent angular momentum transfer. The simulation reaches inflow equilibrium with an accretion rate similar to 220 L-Edd/c(2) and forms a radiation-driven outflow along the rotation axis. The mechanical energy flux carried by the outflow is similar to 20% of the radiative energy flux. The total mass flux lost in the outflow is about 29% of the net accretion rate. The radiative luminosity of this flow is similar to 10 L-Edd. This yields a radiative efficiency similar to 4.5%, which is comparable to the value in a standard thin disk model. In our simulation, vertical advection of radiation caused by magnetic buoyancy transports energy faster than photon diffusion, allowing a significant fraction of the photons to escape from the surface of the disk before being advected into the black hole. We contrast our results with the lower radiative efficiencies inferred in most models, such as the slim disk model, which neglect vertical advection. Our inferred radiative efficiencies also exceed published results from previous global numerical simulations, which did not attribute a significant role to vertical advection. We briefly discuss the implications for the growth of supermassive black holes in the early universe and describe how these results provided a basis for explaining the spectrum and population statistics of ultraluminous X-ray sources. C1 [Jiang, Yan-Fei] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Stone, James M.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Davis, Shane W.] Canadian Inst Theoret Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Davis, Shane W.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. RP Jiang, YF (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. FU NASA ATP program [NNX11AF49G]; NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center; National Science Foundation [ACI-1053575]; NASA [PF-140109, NAS8-03060]; NSF grant [AST-1333091] FX Y.F.J. thanks Omer Blaes, Julian Krolik, Eliot Quataert, and Jeremy Goodman for helpful discussions. This work was supported by the NASA ATP program through grant NNX11AF49G, and by computational resources provided by the Princeton Institute for Computational Science and Engineering. Resources supporting this work were also provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center. This work also used the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by National Science Foundation grant No. ACI-1053575. Y.F.J. is supported by NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship grant number PF-140109 awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. J.M.S. acknowledges support from NSF grant AST-1333091. NR 81 TC 80 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 2 AR 106 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/2/106 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT4AI UT WOS:000344878900035 ER PT J AU Williams, JP Mann, RK Di Francesco, J Andrews, SM Hughes, AM Ricci, L Bally, J Johnstone, D Matthews, B AF Williams, Jonathan P. Mann, Rita K. Di Francesco, James Andrews, Sean M. Hughes, A. Meredith Ricci, Luca Bally, John Johnstone, Doug Matthews, Brenda TI ALMA OBSERVATIONS OF A MISALIGNED BINARY PROTOPLANETARY DISK SYSTEM IN ORION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; protoplanetary disks; stars: pre-main sequence ID MULTIPLE STAR SYSTEMS; NEBULA CLUSTER; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; T TAURI; STELLAR; EVOLUTION; EMISSION; OUTFLOWS; GAS; CO AB We present Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of a wide binary system in Orion, with projected separation 440 AU, in which we detect submillimeter emission from the protoplanetary disks around each star. Both disks appear moderately massive and have strong line emission in CO 3-2, HCO+ 4-3, and HCN 3-2. In addition, CS 7-6 is detected in one disk. The line-to-continuum ratios are similar for the two disks in each of the lines. From the resolved velocity gradients across each disk, we constrain the masses of the central stars, and show consistency with optical-infrared spectroscopy, both indicative of a high mass ratio similar to 9. The small difference between the systemic velocities indicates that the binary orbital plane is close to face-on. The angle between the projected disk rotation axes is very high, similar to 72 degrees, showing that the system did not form from a single massive disk or a rigidly rotating cloud core. This finding, which adds to related evidence from disk geometries in other systems, protostellar outflows, stellar rotation, and similar recent ALMA results, demonstrates that turbulence or dynamical interactions act on small scales well below that of molecular cores during the early stages of star formation. C1 [Williams, Jonathan P.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96816 USA. [Mann, Rita K.; Di Francesco, James; Johnstone, Doug; Matthews, Brenda] NRC Herzberg Astron & Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Di Francesco, James; Johnstone, Doug; Matthews, Brenda] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1, Canada. [Andrews, Sean M.; Ricci, Luca] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hughes, A. Meredith] Wesleyan Univ, Dept Astron, Van Vleck Observ, Middletown, CT 06459 USA. [Bally, John] Univ Colorado, CASA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Johnstone, Doug] Joint Astron Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Williams, JP (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96816 USA. EM jpw@ifa.hawaii.edu OI Johnstone, Doug/0000-0002-6773-459X; Williams, Jonathan/0000-0001-5058-695X FU NSF [AST-1208911]; National Research Council of Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) FX This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/ALMA.JAO#2011.0.00028.S. We thank the referee for a very thorough report, Kaitlin Kratter, Stella Offner, and Hideko Nomura for comments, and Eric Jensen and Rachel Akeson for communicating their results ahead of publication. J.P.W. is supported by funding from the NSF through grant AST-1208911. D.J. is supported by the National Research Council of Canada and by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. This work made use of Astropy, a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013). NR 45 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 2 AR 120 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/2/120 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT4AI UT WOS:000344878900049 ER PT J AU Wright, MCH Hull, CLH Pillai, T Zhao, JH Sandell, G AF Wright, M. C. H. Hull, Charles L. H. Pillai, Thushara Zhao, Jun-Hui Sandell, Goeran TI NGC 7538 IRS. 1. INTERACTION OF A POLARIZED DUST SPIRAL AND A MOLECULAR OUTFLOW SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE H II regions; ISM: jets and outflows; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; ISM: magnetic fields; ISM: molecules; stars: formation ID PROTOSTELLAR CORES; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISK; METHANOL MASERS; NGC-7538 IRS-1; HII-REGIONS; STAR; RESOLUTION; PROTOSTARS; ACCRETION; VELOCITY AB We present dust polarization and CO molecular line images of NGC 7538 IRS 1. We combined data from the Submillimeter Array, the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy, and the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope to make images with similar to 2 ''.5 resolution at 230 and 345 GHz. The images show a remarkable spiral pattern in both the dust polarization and molecular outflow. These data dramatically illustrate the interplay between a high infall rate onto IRS 1 and a powerful outflow disrupting the dense, clumpy medium surrounding the star. The images of the dust polarization and the CO outflow presented here provide observational evidence for the exchange of energy and angular momentum between the infall and the outflow. The spiral dust pattern, which rotates through over 180 degrees from IRS 1, may be a clumpy filament wound up by conservation of angular momentum in the infalling material. The redshifted CO emission ridge traces the dust spiral closely through the MM dust cores, several of which may contain protostars. We propose that the CO maps the boundary layer where the outflow is ablating gas from the dense gas in the spiral. C1 [Wright, M. C. H.; Hull, Charles L. H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pillai, Thushara] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Zhao, Jun-Hui] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sandell, Goeran] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SOFIA USRA, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Wright, MCH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM jzhao@cfa.harvard.edu FU NSF Graduate Fellowship; Ford Foundation Dissertation Fellowship; states of California Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; states of California Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation; states of California Associates of the California Institute of Technology; states of California National Science Foundation; states of Illinois Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; states of Illinois Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation; states of Illinois Associates of the California Institute of Technology; states of Illinois National Science Foundation; states of Maryland Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; states of Maryland Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation; states of Maryland Associates of the California Institute of Technology; states of Maryland National Science Foundation; National Science Foundation; CARMA partner universities FX C.L.H.H. acknowledges support from an NSF Graduate Fellowship and from a Ford Foundation Dissertation Fellowship. Support for CARMA construction was derived from the states of California, Illinois, and Maryland, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation, the Associates of the California Institute of Technology, and the National Science Foundation. Ongoing CARMA development and operations are supported by the National Science Foundation under a cooperative agreement, and by the CARMA partner universities. The James Clerk Maxwell Telescope is operated by the Joint Astronomy Centre on behalf of the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the National Research Council of Canada, and (until 2013 March 31) the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research. We thank the anonymous referee for a careful reading and some good questions and suggestions which have improved this paper. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 2 AR 112 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/2/112 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT4AI UT WOS:000344878900041 ER PT J AU Turner, BL Wells, A Condron, LM AF Turner, Benjamin L. Wells, Andrew Condron, Leo M. TI Soil organic phosphorus transformations along a coastal dune chronosequence under New Zealand temperate rain forest SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Haast chronosequence; Phosphomonoesters; Phosphodiesters; DNA; Inositol phosphate; Phytate; scyllo-Inositol hexakisphosphate; neo-Inositol hexakisphosphate; D-chiro-Inositol hexakisphosphate; Polyphosphate; Solution P-31 NMR spectroscopy ID P-31 NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTROSCOPY; TERM ECOSYSTEM DEVELOPMENT; D-CHIRO-INOSITOL; PALEOSEISMIC ACTIVITY; SCYLLO-INOSITOL; PSEUDOMONAS-SP; EXTRACTION; PEDOGENESIS; DYNAMICS AB The chemical composition of soil phosphorus can vary markedly during pedogenesis, which has implications for phosphorus availability to plant and microbial communities during long-term ecosystem development. We used NaOH-EDTA extraction and solution P-31 NMR spectroscopy to examine changes in soil phosphorus composition along the Haast chronosequence, a 6,500 year sequence of coastal dunes under lowland temperate rain forest on the west coast of the South Island of New Zealand. Soils along the chronosequence contained a variety of inorganic (orthophosphate, pyrophosphate, and long-chain polyphosphate) and organic (phosphomonoesters, phosphodiesters, and phosphonates) phosphorus compounds, although long-chain polyphosphates were detected only in the organic horizon and phosphonates were detected only in mineral soil. The concentrations of most compounds increased initially during the first few hundred years of pedogenesis and then declined as soils aged. However, concentrations of phospholipids, DNA, and long-chain polyphosphate all increased markedly in the organic horizon of older sites. The four inositol hexakisphosphate stereoisomers (myo, scyllo, neo, and D-chiro) accounted for a considerable proportion of the phosphomonoesters in mineral soil along the sequence (36-52 % of the organic phosphorus), but were not detected in quantifiable concentrations in the youngest mineral soil and all but one organic horizon. Concentrations of the two most abundant isomers (myo- and scyllo) declined along the chronosequence, but the scyllo isomer increased markedly as a proportion of the soil organic phosphorus as soils aged. Amorphous aluminum and iron oxides (i.e., extractable in acid-ammonium oxalate) increased continually throughout the chronosequence, indicating that the decline in inositol hexakisphosphate is due to low phosphorus availability rather than a decline in stabilization potential. Overall, these results provide further evidence that the chemical composition of organic and inorganic phosphorus pools vary markedly during pedogenesis, which has important implications for our understanding of biologically-available organic phosphorus during ecosystem development. C1 [Turner, Benjamin L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Wells, Andrew; Condron, Leo M.] Lincoln Univ, Christchurch 7647, New Zealand. RP Turner, BL (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM turnerbl@si.edu RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011 OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722 FU Lincoln University FX We thank Amanda Black, Andre Eger, and Victoria Nall, and (Lincoln University) for field assistance and Alex Blumenfeld (University of Idaho) and Dayana Agudo (STRI) for laboratory support. Funding for travel and consumables was provided by Lincoln University. NR 52 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 50 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 EI 1573-515X J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD DEC PY 2014 VL 121 IS 3 BP 595 EP 611 DI 10.1007/s10533-014-0025-8 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA AU0NS UT WOS:000345320700010 ER PT J AU Meng, Y Nie, ZL Deng, T Wen, J Yang, YP AF Meng, Ying Nie, Ze-Long Deng, Tao Wen, Jun Yang, Yong-Ping TI Phylogenetics and evolution of phyllotaxy in the Solomon's seal genus Polygonatum (Asparagaceae: Polygonateae) SO BOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE leaf arrangement; phylogeny; Polygonatum section Sibirica ID RUSCACEAE SENSU-LATO; QINGHAI-TIBETAN PLATEAU; DNA-SEQUENCES; MIXED MODELS; PLANTS; BIOGEOGRAPHY; MAIANTHEMUM; DISPERSAL; FAMILIES; SYSTEM AB Polygonatum is the largest and most complex genus in tribe Polygonateae, comprising approximately 57 species widely distributed in the warm temperate, subtropical and boreal zones of the Northern Hemisphere. However, phylogenetic relationships in the genus remain poorly understood. The objectives of this study were to reconstruct the phylogenetic relationships of the genus using four plastid markers, and to examine the evolution of leaf arrangement in Polygonatum in the phylogenetic context of its closely related taxa. Thirty Polygonatum species were sampled to infer phylogenetic relationships using maximum-likelihood and Bayesian analyses. The evolution of leaf arrangements was reconstructed using Bayesian, parsimony and likelihood methods. The phylogenetic analyses supported the current generic delimitation of Polygonatum, with Heteropolygonatum recognized as a distinct genus. Three major lineages in Polygonatum were well supported, largely correlated with geographical distribution and the most recent classification at the sectional level. However, our results did not support the currently recognized series, especially the two large series Verticillata and Alternifolia.Bayesian analyses support the alternate-leaf arrangement as the ancestral state for Polygonatum, but parsimony and maximum-likelihood analyses suggest an equivocal state for crown Polygonatum. Leaf arrangement was found to be evolutionarily labile. A new nomenclatural combination was made: Polygonatum sectionSibirica (L.I.Abramova) Y.Meng, comb. nov.(c) 2014 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2014, 176, 435-451. C1 [Meng, Ying; Nie, Ze-Long; Deng, Tao; Yang, Yong-Ping] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Divers & Biogeog East Asia, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Meng, Ying; Yang, Yong-Ping] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Tibetan Plateau Res Kunming, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Meng, Ying; Yang, Yong-Ping] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Plant Germplasm & Genom Ctr, Germplasm Bank Wild Species Southwest China, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Meng, Ying; Nie, Ze-Long] Jishou Univ, Key Lab Plant Resources Conservat & Utilizat, Jishou 416000, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Meng, Ying; Nie, Ze-Long] Jishou Univ, Coll Biol & Environm Sci, Jishou 416000, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Yang, YP (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Divers & Biogeog East Asia, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. EM wenj@si.edu; yangyp@mail.kib.ac.cn RI Nie, Ze-Long/N-8471-2015 OI Nie, Ze-Long/0000-0001-8065-3981 FU Natural Sciences Foundation of China [NSFC 31270273]; Construct Program of the Key Discipline in Hunan Province [JSU0713]; Aid program for Science and Technology Innovative Research Team in Higher Educational Institutions of Hunan Province [201208]; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; Laboratory of Analytical Biology of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution FX This study was supported by grants from the Natural Sciences Foundation of China (NSFC 31270273 to Y.M.), the Construct Program of the Key Discipline in Hunan Province (JSU0713), the Aid program for Science and Technology Innovative Research Team in Higher Educational Institutions of Hunan Province (201208), and the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation to J. Wen, R. Ree and G. Mueller. Laboratory work was done at and partially supported by the Laboratory of Analytical Biology of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. Fieldwork in North America was supported by the Small Grants Program of the National Museum of Natural History, the Smithsonian Institution. We thank Tingshuang Yi and Daigui Zhang for field assistance and sample collections. NR 59 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0024-4074 EI 1095-8339 J9 BOT J LINN SOC JI Bot. J. Linnean Soc. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 176 IS 4 BP 435 EP 451 DI 10.1111/boj.12218 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AU0NA UT WOS:000345318500001 ER PT J AU Batsaikhan, N Buuveibaatar, B Chimed, B Enkhtuya, O Galbrakh, D Ganbaatar, O Lkhagvasuren, B Nandintsetseg, D Berger, J Calabrese, JM Edwards, AE Fagan, WF Fuller, TK Heiner, M Ito, TY Kaczensky, P Leimgruber, P Lushchekina, A Milner-Gulland, EJ Mueller, T Murray, MG Olson, KA Reading, R Schaller, GB Stubbe, A Stubbe, M Walzer, C Von Wehrden, H Whitten, T AF Batsaikhan, Nyamsuren Buuveibaatar, Bayarbaatar Chimed, Bazaar Enkhtuya, Oidov Galbrakh, Davaa Ganbaatar, Oyunsaikhan Lkhagvasuren, Badamjav Nandintsetseg, Dejid Berger, Joel Calabrese, Justin M. Edwards, Ann E. Fagan, William F. Fuller, Todd K. Heiner, Michael Ito, Takehiko Y. Kaczensky, Petra Leimgruber, Peter Lushchekina, Anna Milner-Gulland, E. J. Mueller, Thomas Murray, Martyn G. Olson, Kirk A. Reading, Richard Schaller, George B. Stubbe, Annagret Stubbe, Michael Walzer, Chris Von Wehrden, Henrik Whitten, Tony TI Conserving the World's Finest Grassland Amidst Ambitious National Development SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONSERVATION; ECOSYSTEM C1 [Batsaikhan, Nyamsuren; Ganbaatar, Oyunsaikhan; Nandintsetseg, Dejid; Stubbe, Michael] Natl Univ Mongolia, Dept Zool, Sch Biol & Biotechnol, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep. [Buuveibaatar, Bayarbaatar; Edwards, Ann E.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Mongolia Program, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep. [Chimed, Bazaar] Ochir WWF Mongolia Program, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep. [Enkhtuya, Oidov; Galbrakh, Davaa] Nat Conservancy Mongolia Program Off, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep. [Ganbaatar, Oyunsaikhan] Protected Areas Adm, Khovd, Mongol Peo Rep. [Lkhagvasuren, Badamjav] Mongolian Acad Sci, Inst Biol, Mammalian Ecol Lab, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep. [Nandintsetseg, Dejid; Kaczensky, Petra; Walzer, Chris] Univ Vet Med, Res Inst Wildlife Ecol, A-1210 Vienna, Austria. [Berger, Joel] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Berger, Joel; Schaller, George B.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bronx, NY 10460 USA. [Calabrese, Justin M.; Leimgruber, Peter; Mueller, Thomas; Murray, Martyn G.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Fagan, William F.; Mueller, Thomas] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Fuller, Todd K.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Heiner, Michael] Nature Conservancy, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Ito, Takehiko Y.] Tottori Univ, Arid Land Res Ctr, Tottori 680, Japan. [Lushchekina, Anna] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Ecol & Evolut, Moscow, Russia. [Milner-Gulland, E. J.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Div Biol, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England. [Mueller, Thomas] Senckenberg Gesell Nat Forsch, Biodivers Climate Res Ctr, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. [Murray, Martyn G.] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Evolutionary Biol, Ashworth Labs, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, Midlothian, Scotland. [Murray, Martyn G.; Olson, Kirk A.; Whitten, Tony] Fauna & Flora Int, Cambridge CB1 2JD, England. [Reading, Richard] Denver Zool Fdn, Denver, CO 80205 USA. [Schaller, George B.] Panthera, New York, NY 10001 USA. [Stubbe, Annagret] Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Biol, Dept Zool, D-06099 Halle, Germany. [Von Wehrden, Henrik] Leuphana Univ Luneburg, Ctr Methods, D-21335 Luneburg, Germany. RP Olson, KA (reprint author), Fauna & Flora Int, Jupiter House,4th Floor,Stn Rd, Cambridge CB1 2JD, England. EM kirk.olson@fauna-flora.org RI Calabrese, Justin/B-9131-2012; Ito, Takehiko/M-7221-2015; Lushchekina, Anna/C-3945-2014; Leimgruber, Peter/O-1304-2015 OI Leimgruber, Peter/0000-0002-3682-0153 NR 15 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 EI 1523-1739 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 28 IS 6 BP 1736 EP 1739 DI 10.1111/cobi.12297 PG 4 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AT2WF UT WOS:000344794200031 PM 24712745 ER PT J AU Schrader, DL Davidson, J Greenwood, RC Franchi, IA Gibson, JM AF Schrader, Devin L. Davidson, Jemma Greenwood, Richard C. Franchi, Ian A. Gibson, Jenny M. TI A water-ice rich minor body from the early Solar System: The CR chondrite parent asteroid SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE CR-chondrite; matrix; O-isotope; aqueous alteration; asteroid ID O-ISOTOPE COMPOSITION; CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITES; OXYGEN-ISOTOPE; AQUEOUS ALTERATION; PRIMITIVE METEORITES; II CHONDRULES; IRON SULFIDE; MET 00426; 24 THEMIS; BELT AB To better understand the effects of aqueous alteration in the Renazzo-like carbonaceous (CR) chondrite parent asteroid, a minor body in the early Solar System, we studied the petrology and O-isotope compositions of fine-grained matrix from 14 different CR chondrites. The O-isotope compositions of matrix from Queen Alexandra Range 99177 confirm that this sample is the least aqueously altered CR chondrite, provides the best approximation of the primary anhydrous matrix, and suggests matrix is not a byproduct of chondrule formation. Matrix O-isotope compositions within individual CR chondrites are heterogeneous, varying up to similar to 5 parts per thousand in both 8180 and 8170, as a result of the heterogeneous nature of the matrix and diverse range of aqueous alteration recorded by each sample. Aqueous alteration resulted in matrix that is progressively more O-16-depleted and Ca-carbonate rich. Due to the fine-grained nature of matrix its O-isotope composition is a more sensitive indicator of a chondrite's overall degree of aqueous alteration than whole-rock O-isotope compositions, which are typically dominated by the compositions of type I (FeO-poor) chondrule phenocrysts. Petrographic signatures correlate with the degree of aqueous alteration and the wide range of matrix O-isotope compositions indicate that some regions of the CR chondrite parent asteroid were relatively dry, while others were heavily hydrated with water. The O-isotope composition of aqueously altered matrix is consistent with asteroidal water being near Delta O-17 similar to 0 parts per thousand, which suggests an inner Solar System origin for the water. The diverse range of aqueous alteration recorded by a single asteroid has a range of implications for spectral studies of the asteroid belt, and the arrival of Dawn at 1 Ceres, Hayabusa-2 at 162173 1999 JU3, and OSIRIS-REx at 101955 Bennu. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Schrader, Devin L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Davidson, Jemma] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Greenwood, Richard C.; Franchi, Ian A.; Gibson, Jenny M.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. RP Schrader, DL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, 10th & Constitut NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM schraderd@si.edu; jdavidson@carnegiescience.edu; r.c.greenwood@open.ac.uk; ian.franchi@open.ac.uk; jennifer.gibson@open.ac.uk RI Schrader, Devin/H-6293-2012 OI Schrader, Devin/0000-0001-5282-232X FU NSF; NASA; Science and Technology Facilities Council Grant [ST/1001964/1] FX We are grateful for the thorough and constructive comments by Neyda Abreu, Corentin Le Guillou, an anonymous reviewer, and the Associate Editor Bernard Marty. For supplying the many samples that were necessary for this work, the authors would like to thank: the members of the Meteorite Working Group, and Cecilia Satterwhite and Kevin Righter (NASA, Johnson Space Center). US Antarctic meteorite samples are recovered by the Antarctic Search for Meteorites (ANSMET) program, which has been funded by NSF and NASA, and characterized and curated by the Department of Mineral Sciences of the Smithsonian Institution and Astromaterials Curation Office at NASA Johnson Space Center. The authors also thank Michael Farmer, Eric Olson, and Gary Fujihara for samples. We are grateful to Tim Gooding for assistance with the SEM. This research was funded in part by the Science and Technology Facilities Council Grant ST/1001964/1 (RCG and IAF). NR 95 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X EI 1385-013X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2014 VL 407 BP 48 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2014.09.030 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AT8JH UT WOS:000345179300005 ER PT J AU Villamizar, E Diaz, MC Rutzler, K De Nobrega, R AF Villamizar, Estrella Diaz, Maria C. Ruetzler, Klaus De Nobrega, Renato TI Biodiversity, ecological structure, and change in the sponge community of different geomorphological zones of the barrier fore reef at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize SO MARINE ECOLOGY-AN EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article DE Barrier reef; belize; fore reef; phase shift; sponge community; zones comparison ID CORAL-REEF AB Changes in the relative abundance of benthic groups on the barrier fore reef at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, point to a significant reduction of corals and an expansion of the sponge community in 1995-2009. Fifty-one species are now present in the four geomorphological zones of this reef: the low-relief spur-and-groove zone, the inner reef slope, the outer ridge, and the fore-reef slope (to a depth of 30 m). Five species are new additions to the sponge fauna reported for Belize, and six species account for 42.6% of the total assemblage: Niphates erecta (9.60%), Aiolochroia crassa (8.8%), Niphates digitalis (6.9%), Callyspongia plicifera (6.63%), Aplysina archeri (5.37%) and Xestospongia muta (5.37%). Species richness, average density, diversity and evenness indexes are statistically similar in these four zones but some species appear to be more dominant in certain areas. In the same 30 years, coral cover has decreased by more than 90%, while the octocoral cover has greatly increased (by as much as 10-fold in the low-relief spur-and-groove zone). Thus the Carrie Bow fore reef appears to be undergoing a transition from coral dominance in the late 1970s to algae dominance today, with other benthic groups such as sponges and octocorals showing signs of gradual recovery. C1 [Villamizar, Estrella; De Nobrega, Renato] Cent Univ Venezuela, Inst Zool & Ecol Trop, Fac Ciencias, Caracas 1041, Venezuela. [Diaz, Maria C.] Museo Marino Margarita, Boca De Rio, Venezuela. [Ruetzler, Klaus] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Villamizar, E (reprint author), Cent Univ Venezuela, Inst Zool & Ecol Trop, POB 47058, Caracas 1041, Venezuela. EM estrellavillamizar@yahoo.com FU Smithsonian Institution CCRE-MSN Program FX We thank the Smithsonian Institution CCRE-MSN Program for funding this research, as well as all personnel associated with the Marine Biological Station on Carrie Bow Cay. Special thanks go to Ana Yranzo and Isabel Urbina for processing the photo images used in estimating coverage. We also appreciate and are thankful for the comments and recommendations of the two reviewers of this manuscript. NR 30 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0173-9565 EI 1439-0485 J9 MAR ECOL-EVOL PERSP JI Mar. Ecol.-Evol. Persp. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 35 IS 4 BP 425 EP 435 DI 10.1111/maec.12099 PG 11 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AT9UE UT WOS:000345270900003 ER PT J AU Correa, S Zotz, G AF Correa, Siouxsie Zotz, Gerhard TI The influence of collecting date, temperature and moisture regimes on the germination of epiphytic bromeliads SO SEED SCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE afterripening; Bromeliaceae; intermittent drought; methods; regeneration niche ID SEED-GERMINATION; VASCULAR EPIPHYTES; TILLANDSIA-RECURVATA; IN-VITRO; MEXICO; ESTABLISHMENT; ORCHIDACEAE; SURVIVAL; GROWTH; FOREST AB The understanding that many aspects of the spatial and temporal patterns of epiphyte communities may be explained by the comportment of early life stages has given rise to a considerable number of germination studies in recent years. Unfortunately, protocols frequently use unproven assumptions and arbitrary experimental conditions. To make future studies as ecologically meaningful as possible we address a number of potential pitfalls with a series of experiments with seeds from a total of 16 species. We show that it is safe to collect capsules for experiments before natural dehiscence - there is afterripening even in the case of very early collections. The application of fluctuating temperatures is not imperative, because there is no consistent difference in the germination response under constant versus fluctuating temperatures. The effects of different osmotic potentials and intermittent drought of varying intensity on germination are qualitatively, but not quantitatively, comparable. Due to the greater ecological realism, we encourage the use of the latter. However, care must be taken to use realistic temperatures - the impact of intermittent drought on germination is modulated by temperature. This highlights the need for data on the in situ temperature regimes during germination as an important prerequisite towards more realistic experiments in the field of germination ecology of vascular epiphytes. C1 [Correa, Siouxsie; Zotz, Gerhard] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. [Zotz, Gerhard] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Zotz, G (reprint author), Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Biol & Environm Sci, POB 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany. EM gerhard.zotz@uni-oldenburg.de FU FUN DAYACUCHO (Fundacion Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho, La Urbina, Venezuela); DAAD (Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst, Bonn, Germany) FX This work is part of the doctoral thesis of the first author, who is supported by a fellowship from FUN DAYACUCHO (Fundacion Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho, La Urbina, Venezuela) and DAAD (Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst, Bonn, Germany). NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 29 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0960-2585 EI 1475-2735 J9 SEED SCI RES JI Seed Sci. Res. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 24 IS 4 BP 353 EP 363 DI 10.1017/S0960258514000312 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AT4TR UT WOS:000344935900009 ER PT J AU Fernandez, D Doran-Sheehy, D Borries, C Brown, JL AF Fernandez, David Doran-Sheehy, Diane Borries, Carola Brown, Janine L. TI Reproductive Characteristics of Wild Sanje mangabeys (Cercocebus sanjei) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adolescent; gestation length; interbirth interval; ovarian hormones; postpartum amenorrhea; Udzungwa Mountains ID MANDRILLS MANDRILLUS-SPHINX; MACAQUES MACACA-SYLVANUS; GRAY-CHEEKED MANGABEYS; FEMALE OLIVE BABOONS; SEXUAL SWELLINGS; LIFE-HISTORY; SOOTY MANGABEYS; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; TORQUATUS-ATYS; YELLOW BABOONS AB An accurate description of reproductive characteristics and ovarian endocrinology is necessary to address questions about the reproductive strategies and life history of a species and for meaningful, cross species analyses. Here we used analysis of fecal estradiol (fE) and behavioral observations to determine for the first time the reproductive characteristics and endocrinology of a wild group (N=18 adult and 3 adolescent females) of Sanje mangabeys (Cercocebus sanjei). The study was conducted in the Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Tanzania, from October 2008 through September 2010. Average cycle length (+/- SD) was 29.3 +/- 3.2 days in adults and 51.4 +/- 5.5 days in adolescents. Menses appeared within 5.1 +/- 2.1 days in adults and 4.8 +/- 0.3 days in adolescents after the end of maximum tumescence, and lasted 6.7 +/- 3.1 and 10.3 +/- 5.0 days, respectively. Infant death tended to reduce the number of cycles to conception (4.3 +/- 1.5 cycles after a surviving infant vs. 2.6 +/- 1.0 cycles after infant death). Adolescents cycled for at least 16 months without conceiving. Implantation bleeding began 17.5 +/- 0.7 days from the onset of detumescence, and lasted 10.0 +/- 1.4 days. Gestation length averaged 171.8 +/- 3.4 days. Postpartum amenorrhea lasted 6.7 +/- 2.3 months while females whose infants had died resumed cycling within 14.3 +/- 5.9 days. The interbirth interval after a surviving infant averaged 20.0 +/- 4.3 months. These reproductive characteristics of the Sanje mangabey resembled those of other mangabeys and related cercopithecines, with the exception of an earlier onset and longer duration of menstruation and implantation bleeding. Further information on the physiology of the Sanje mangabey is needed to clarify what factors may cause the unusual characteristics of both, their menses and implantation bleeding. Am. J. Primatol. 76:1163-1174, 2014. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Fernandez, David] SUNY Stony Brook, Interdept Doctoral Program Anthropol Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Doran-Sheehy, Diane; Borries, Carola] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Anthropol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Brown, Janine L.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Natl Zool Pk, Front Royal, VA USA. RP Fernandez, D (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Biol, Bioko Biodivers Protect Program, PISB 320,3245 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM dfernandez07@gmail.com RI Borries, Carola/L-8517-2013 OI Borries, Carola/0000-0001-5262-1405 FU NSF-DDIG [BCS 0925690]; Leakey Foundation; Margot Marsh Biodiversity Foundation; Primate Conservation Inc.; Sigma Xi; Idea Wild; Stony Brook University's IDPAS Research Funds; Mildred and Herbert Weisinger Writing Fellowship FX Contract grant sponsor: NSF-DDIG; contract grant number: BCS 0925690; contract grant sponsor: Leakey Foundation; contract grant sponsor: Margot Marsh Biodiversity Foundation; contract grant sponsor: Primate Conservation Inc.; contract grant sponsor: Sigma Xi; contract grant sponsor: Idea Wild; contract grant sponsor: Stony Brook University's IDPAS Research Funds; contract grant sponsor: Mildred and Herbert Weisinger Writing Fellowship NR 88 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0275-2565 EI 1098-2345 J9 AM J PRIMATOL JI Am. J. Primatol. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 76 IS 12 BP 1163 EP 1174 DI 10.1002/ajp.22301 PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AT2UA UT WOS:000344790300005 PM 24842495 ER PT J AU Wei, N Dick, CW AF Wei, Na Dick, Christopher W. TI Characterization of twenty-six microsatellite markers for the tropical pioneer tree species Cecropia insignis Liebm (Urticaceae) SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Cecropia insignis; Microsatellite markers; Tropical tree; Seed dispersal AB Cecropia insignis is an ecologically important Neotropical pioneer tree and major vertebrate food source. Although this species is relatively common in faunally intact tropical rainforests, its population dynamics may be negatively impacted by hunting of seed-dispersing animals. To better understand gene flow and regeneration dynamics in C. insignis, we characterized 26 microsatellite markers in a population sampled from Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Eleven loci of <= 3 alleles were tested on 48 individuals, whereas the remaining 15 loci of two alleles were tested on 12 individuals. Allelic richness ranged from 2 to 9 per locus. Observed and expected heterozygosity averaged 0.478 and 0.440 respectively. Polymorphism information content was between 0.141 and 0.757. Only two loci exhibited deviation from Hardy-Weinberg proportions. C1 [Wei, Na; Dick, Christopher W.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Dick, Christopher W.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Wei, N (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary, 830 North Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM weina@umich.edu RI Dick, Christopher/A-8744-2008 FU CTFS-Forest-GEO from Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Center for Tropical Forest Science FX This work was supported by a CTFS-Forest-GEO grant from Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and Center for Tropical Forest Science. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-7252 EI 1877-7260 J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR JI Conserv. Genet. Resour. PD DEC PY 2014 VL 6 IS 4 BP 987 EP 989 DI 10.1007/s12686-014-0265-x PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA AS8EC UT WOS:000344481900046 ER PT J AU Sharpe, DMT Chapman, LJ AF Sharpe, Diana M. T. Chapman, Lauren J. TI Niche expansion in a resilient endemic species following introduction of a novel top predator SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE competitive release; food webs; individual specialisation; invasive species; trophic cascades ID SOUTHERN LAKE VICTORIA; LATES-NILOTICUS L; NILE PERCH; EAST-AFRICA; OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; INDIVIDUAL SPECIALIZATION; ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES; RASTRINEOBOLA-ARGENTEA; HAPLOCHROMINE CICHLIDS; FORAGING EFFICIENCY AB Introduced species can have profound direct ecological impacts on native species, yet their potential indirect effects remain relatively unexplored. For instance, introduced predators may directly affect some native species via predation, which may in turn have indirect consequences for other species that are released from competition. We explore this possibility in East Africa's Lake Victoria basin, where the introduction of the predatory Nile perch, Lates niloticus, in the 1950s and 60s contributed to the overall or local extinction of hundreds of native fish by the 1980s. We ask whether this dramatic change in assemblage composition has led to competitive release and niche expansion in Rastrineobola argentea, a resilient native cyprinid that has thrived in this highly perturbed ecosystem. To address this question, we compare the trophic ecology of R.argentea before (1966) and after (2011) the introduction of the Nile perch in Lake Victoria; and across eight satellite lakes that differ in their history of Nile perch invasion. Using this combination of spatial and temporal comparisons, we test for increases in dietary niche breadth (niche expansion) and changes in the level of individual specialisation of R.argentea in invaded versus uninvaded contexts. In our historical comparison, we find good evidence for dietary niche expansion and an increase in interindividual diet variation in R.argentea over time. Across lakes, however, strong bottom-up effects (i.e. variation in prey availability) appear to obscure any potential top-down effects of the Nile perch introduction on the trophic ecology of R.argentea. Overall, we find substantial temporal and spatial variation in the diet and niche breadth of R.argentea, but the underlying drivers remain uncertain, given the complexity of both anthropogenic and natural ecological changes in Lake Victoria over the past century. Understanding both the direct and indirect impacts of introduced species is challenging, but important for successful long-term management of human-altered ecosystems. 10.1111/(ISSN)1365-2427 1500 m) SO PALEOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WESTERN ARCTIC-OCEAN; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; FORAMINIFERAL ASSEMBLAGES; CONTINENTAL-MARGIN; BENTHONIC FORAMINIFERA; LATITUDINAL-GRADIENT; BETA-DIVERSITY; NORTH-AMERICA; SHE ANALYSIS; PATTERNS AB An enigma of deep-sea biodiversity research is that the abyss with its low productivity and densities appears to have a biodiversity similar to that of shallower depths. This conceptualization of similarity is based mainly on per-sample estimates (point diversity, within-habitat, or alpha-diversity). Here, we use a measure of between-sample within-community diversity (beta(1H),) to examine benthic foraminiferal diversity between 333 stations within 49 communties from New Zealand, the South Atlantic, the Gulf of Mexico, the Norwegian Sea, and the Arctic. The communities are grouped into two depth categories: 200-1500 m and >1500 m. beta(1H) diversity exhibits no evidence of regional differences. Instead, higher values at shallower depths are observed worldwide. At depths of >1500 m the average beta(1H) is zero, indicating stasis or no biodiversity gradient. The difference in beta(1H)-diversity explains why, despite species richness often being greater per sample at deeper depths, the total number of species is greater at shallower depths. The greater number of communities and higher rate of evolution resulting in shorter species durations at shallower depths is also consistent with higher beta(1H) values. C1 [Buzas, Martin A.; Hayek, Lee-Ann C.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Culver, Stephen J.] E Carolina Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. [Hayward, Bruce W.] Geomarine Res, Auckland, New Zealand. [Osterman, Lisa E.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. RP Buzas, MA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, NHB MRC 121, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM buzasm@si.edu FU Petroleum Research Fund FX We thank J. Jett for all her help. We thank M. Powell and an anonymous reviewer for improving the manuscript. We acknowledge the efforts of many previous workers whose data underpin this paper. Acknowledgement is also made to the donors of the Petroleum Research Fund, administered by the American Chemical Society, for partial support of this research. NR 64 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 172 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0094-8373 EI 1938-5331 J9 PALEOBIOLOGY JI Paleobiology PD WIN PY 2014 VL 40 IS 1 BP 102 EP 112 DI 10.1666/13010 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology GA 287GH UT WOS:000329529500008 ER PT J AU Aguilera, Y Avelino, A Cruz, N Lepe, S Pena, F AF Aguilera, Yeremy Avelino, Arturo Cruz, Norman Lepe, Samuel Pena, Francisco TI DGP cosmological model with generalized Ricci dark energy SO EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C LA English DT Article ID PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; ACCELERATING UNIVERSE; SUPERNOVAE; CONSTANT; CONSTRAINTS; BRANE; ENTROPY; BOUNDS; WORLD AB The brane-world model proposed by Dvali, Gabadadze and Porrati (DGP) leads to an accelerated universe without cosmological constant or other form of dark energy for the positive branch (is an element of = +1). For the negative branch (is an element of = -1) we have investigated the behavior of a model with an holographic Ricci-like dark energy and dark matter, where the IR cutoff takes the form alpha H-2 + beta(H) over dot, H being the Hubble parameter and alpha, beta positive constants of the model. We perform an analytical study of the model in the late-time dark energy dominated epoch, where we obtain a solution for r(c)H(z), where r(c) is the leakage scale of gravity into the bulk, and conditions for the negative branch on the holographic parameters alpha and beta, in order to hold the conditions of weak energy and accelerated universe. On the other hand, we compare the model versus the late-time cosmological data using the latest type Ia supernova sample of the Joint Light-curve Analysis (JLA), in order to constrain the holographic parameters in the negative branch, as well as r(c)H(0) in the positive branch, where H-0 is theHubble constant. We find that the model has a good fit to the data and that the most likely values for (r(c)H(0), alpha, beta) lie in the permitted region found from an analytical solution in a dark energy dominated universe. We give a justification to use a holographic cutoff in 4D for the dark energy in the 5-dimensional DGP model. Finally, using the Bayesian Information Criterion we find that this model is disfavored compared with the flat Lambda CDM model. C1 [Aguilera, Yeremy] Univ Santiago, Estn Cent, Dept Matemat & Ciencia Computac, Santiago, Chile. [Avelino, Arturo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Cruz, Norman] Univ Santiago, Dept Fis, Fac Ciencia, Santiago, Chile. [Lepe, Samuel] Pontificia Univ Catolica Valparaiso, Inst Fis, Fac Ciencias, Valparaiso, Chile. [Pena, Francisco] Univ La Frontera, Fac Ingn & Ciencias, Dept Ciencias Fis, Temuco, Chile. RP Aguilera, Y (reprint author), Univ Santiago, Estn Cent, Dept Matemat & Ciencia Computac, Santiago, Chile. EM yeremy.aguilera@usach.cl; aavelino@cfa.harvard.edu; norman.cruz@usach.cl; slepe@ucv.cl; francisco.pena@ufrontera.cl FU CONICYT [1110076, 1140238]; DIUFRO [DI14-0007]; Direccion de Investigacion y Desarrollo, Universidad de La Frontera; VRIEA-DI-PUCV, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso [037.377/2014] FX NC and SL acknowledge the hospitality of the Physics Department of Universidad de La Frontera where part of this work was done. SL and FP acknowledge the hospitality of the Physics Department of Universidad de Santiago de Chile. We acknowledge the support to this research by CONICYT through grant 1110076 (SL) and grant 1140238 (NC). This work was also supported from DIUFRO DI14-0007, Direccion de Investigacion y Desarrollo, Universidad de La Frontera (FP) and VRIEA-DI-PUCV grant 037.377/2014, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Valparaiso (SL). A. A. acknowledges the Mexico-Harvard Fellowship, the NSF for AST12-11196 and the Instituto Avanzado de Cosmologia of Mexico. We acknowledge the use of emcee: The MCMC Hammer Foreman-Mackey et al. [49], and the triangle.py python package [56]. NR 55 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-6044 EI 1434-6052 J9 EUR PHYS J C JI Eur. Phys. J. C PD NOV 28 PY 2014 VL 74 IS 11 AR 3172 DI 10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-3172-0 PG 9 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA AX8SK UT WOS:000347178600001 ER PT J AU Fu, RR Weiss, BP Lima, EA Harrison, RJ Bai, XN Desch, SJ Ebel, DS Suavet, C Wang, HP Glenn, D Le Sage, D Kasama, T Walsworth, RL Kuan, AT AF Fu, Roger R. Weiss, Benjamin P. Lima, Eduardo A. Harrison, Richard J. Bai, Xue-Ning Desch, Steven J. Ebel, Denton S. Suavet, Clement Wang, Huapei Glenn, David Le Sage, David Kasama, Takeshi Walsworth, Ronald L. Kuan, Aaron T. TI Solar nebula magnetic fields recorded in the Semarkona meteorite SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; ORDINARY CHONDRITES; DUSTY OLIVINES; CHONDRULES; PARTICLES; ACCRETION; ORIGIN; MODEL; STAR AB Magnetic fields are proposed to have played a critical role in some of the most enigmatic processes of planetary formation by mediating the rapid accretion of disk material onto the central star and the formation of the first solids. However, there have been no experimental constraints on the intensity of these fields. Here we show that dusty olivine-bearing chondrules from the Semarkona meteorite were magnetized in a nebular field of 54 21 microteslas. This intensity supports chondrule formation by nebular shocks or planetesimal collisions rather than by electric currents, the x-wind, or other mechanisms near the Sun. This implies that background magnetic fields in the terrestrial planet-forming region were likely 5 to 54 microteslas, which is sufficient to account for measured rates of mass and angular momentum transport in protoplanetary disks. C1 [Fu, Roger R.; Weiss, Benjamin P.; Lima, Eduardo A.; Suavet, Clement; Wang, Huapei] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Harrison, Richard J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, England. [Bai, Xue-Ning; Glenn, David; Walsworth, Ronald L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Desch, Steven J.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA. [Ebel, Denton S.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Le Sage, David; Walsworth, Ronald L.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kasama, Takeshi] Tech Univ Denmark, Ctr Electron Nanoscopy, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Kuan, Aaron T.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Fu, RR (reprint author), MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM rogerfu@mit.edu RI Harrison, Richard/B-3609-2010; Kasama, Takeshi/K-5383-2012; OI Harrison, Richard/0000-0003-3469-762X; Le Sage, David/0000-0003-1678-9491 FU NASA Lunar Science Institute; NASA Solar System Exploration and Research Virtual Institute; European Research Council under the European Union; NASA through the Hubble Fellowship; Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency QuASAR program; NSF; U.S. Rosetta Project, Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Leverhulme Trust FX We thank S. A. Balbus, A. J. Brearley, H. C. Connolly, A. M. Hughes, B. C. Johnson, J. L. Kirschvink, M. Mac Low, G. J. MacPherson, M. I. Petaev, D. D. Sasselov, H. E. Schlichting, J. B. Simon, N. Turner, and B. Zanda for discussions that improved the manuscript. We also thank J. Gross, S. Wallace, and Z. I. Balogh for help with SEM and STEM sample analyses and acknowledge S.-C. L. L. Lappe, N. S. Church, S. Russell, M. Uehara, and N. Nakamura for pioneering work on the magnetism of dusty olivines. We thank T. F. Peterson for supporting critical instrumentation and analysis costs. R. R. F., B. P. W., E. A. L., S. J. D., and C. S. thank the NASA Origins Program, while R. R. F. and B. P. W. thank the U.S. Rosetta Project, Jet Propulsion Laboratory for support. R. R. F. thanks the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program, and C. S. thanks the NASA Lunar Science Institute and the NASA Solar System Exploration and Research Virtual Institute for support. R. J. H. and T. K. thank the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme and the Leverhulme Trust for support. X. N. B. acknowledges support from NASA through the Hubble Fellowship. D. G., D. L. S., and R. L. W. thank the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency QuASAR program and the NSF for support. NR 36 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 26 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD NOV 28 PY 2014 VL 346 IS 6213 BP 1089 EP 1092 DI 10.1126/science.1258022 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AU7EK UT WOS:000345763400036 PM 25394792 ER PT J AU Kathriner, A O'Shea, M Kaiser, H AF Kathriner, Andrew O'Shea, Mark Kaiser, Hinrich TI Re-examination of Hemidactylus tenkatei van Lidth de Jeude, 1895: Populations from Timor provide insight into the taxonomy of the H. brookii Gray, 1845 complex (Squamata: Gekkonidae) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Hemidactylus tenkatei; H. brookii; H. subtriedroides; Timor-Leste; Borneo; Roti; taxonomy ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA SEQUENCES; TAXA SQUAMATA; 1ST REPORT; REPTILIA; PHYLOGENY; GECKOS; LESTE; BIOGEOGRAPHY; HERPETOFAUNA AB Recent herpetofaunal investigations in Timor-Leste revealed populations similar to Hemidactylus brookii Gray, 1845 in four of 13 districts. In order to properly identify these populations, we examined their relationships to other H. brookii-complex populations, notably those from nearby Roti Island, Indonesia (to which the name H. tenkatei van Lidth de Jeude, 1895 has been applied) and topotypic Bornean samples. We evaluated both meristic and mensural data from a set of specimens that included the type material of H. brookii and H. tenkatei, and we generated nuclear (RAG1) and mitochondrial (ND2) DNA sequence data for Timor-Leste specimens and a topotypical Bornean specimen presumed to represent H. brookii sensu stricto. Morphologically, Timorese geckos are clearly distinct from H. brookii and identical to H. tenkatei. Our molecular data show that the Bornean specimen thought to be H. brookii is genetically congruent with Timor-Leste specimens, and this specimen is therefore identified as H. tenkatei. Our data also reveal that the Burmese species H. subtriedroides Annandale, 1905 is distinct from both H. tenkatei and H. brookii. While the current data do not allow us to determine with certainty whether H. tenkatei is the oldest available name for these widespread forms, it is the only name that can be reliably applied at this time. C1 [Kathriner, Andrew] Villanova Univ, Dept Biol, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. [O'Shea, Mark] Wolverhampton Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, W Midlands, England. [O'Shea, Mark] West Midland Safari Pk, Bewdley DY12 1LF, Worcs, England. [Kaiser, Hinrich] Victor Valley Coll, Dept Biol, Victorville, CA 92395 USA. [Kaiser, Hinrich] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Kaiser, H (reprint author), Victor Valley Coll, Dept Biol, 18422 Bear Valley Rd, Victorville, CA 92395 USA. EM hinrich.kaiser@vvc.edu FU Associated Student Body at Victor Valley College FX Our studies in Timor-Leste have benefited greatly from the support of Their Excellencies, former President Jose Ramos-Horta, Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao, and Minister Agio Pereira. Their assistance in times of need and their friendship has been much appreciated, and we are thankful to have the leadership of this young nation take such an active role in studies of biodiversity. We are also thankful to Claudia Abate-Debat, former special advisor in the Prime Minister's Office, whose enthusiasm for our work has been a constant source of encouragement; when doors needed to be opened, Claudia was there to open them. We thank Manuel Mendes, Director of National Parks, who not only granted us our collecting permits but also gave us many ideas and advice. Surveys like ours are not possible without the assistance of many individuals who help with the fieldwork, and we thank our students from Victor Valley College who made the long trip to Timor-Leste, particularly Jester Ceballos, Eric Leatham, David Taylor, Scott Heacox, and Caitlin Sanchez. Thanks also go to our Timorese collaborators, who have progressed from being students into professionals. We thank Venancio Lopes Carvalho, Luis Lemos de Araujo, Agivedo Varela Ribeiro, Zito Afranio Soares, and Paulo Pinto. For their critical support with logistics we thank Kieran Glasspole and Paulo Aniceto (Rentlo Car Rental), Ed and Gareth Turner (Air Timor), Ian Groucott (of the airline Emirates), and the management and staff at Timor Lodge Hotel and Com Beach Resort. We gratefully acknowledge the help of Steve Gotte, Ken Tighe, and Jeremy Jacobs (USNM), Patrick Campbell and Barry Clarke (BMNH), and Esther Dondorp (RMNH) for their help with cataloging or loaning specimens, x-rays, and for accommodating our research visits. We are deeply thankful for the support of our colleagues Lee Grismer and Indraneil Das for making their photographs of H. tenkatei available, although neither of them knew the true identity of their subjects at the time of the photo session. Financial assistance for equipment and supplies was partially provided by a Title V Grant to Victor Valley College. Student travel was partially financed by grants from the Associated Student Body at Victor Valley College, and by donations from Pamela MacKay and Melinda Fisher. This paper is Contribution No. 14 from the Tropical Research Initiative at Victor Valley College. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD NOV 27 PY 2014 VL 3887 IS 5 BP 583 EP 599 PG 17 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AX0HD UT WOS:000346632700005 PM 25543951 ER PT J AU Elvis, M AF Elvis, Martin TI ASTRONOMY Cosmic triangles and black-hole masses SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Elvis, M (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM melvis@cfa.harvard.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD NOV 27 PY 2014 VL 515 IS 7528 BP 498 EP 499 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AW4JP UT WOS:000346247600039 PM 25428496 ER PT J AU Stonis, JR Remeikis, A Davis, DR AF Stonis, Jonas R. Remeikis, Andrius Davis, Donald R. TI Ten new species from the Patagonian Andes (Argentina and Chile), mostly belonging to a newly designated Stigmella purpurimaculae group (Lepidoptera: Nepticulidae) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE the Andes; Nepticulidae; new species; Patagonia; the purpurimaculae group; Stigmella ID REVISION; QUERCUS; MEYRICK AB Ten new Stigmella Schrank species are described: Stigmella purpurimaculae Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov., S. cana Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov., S. truncata Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov., S. sceptra Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov., S. concreta Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov., S. pseudoconcreta Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov., S. quadrata Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov. (all belonging to the newly designated S. purpurimaculae group), and S. semilactea Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov., S. brutea Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov., S. pseudodigitata Remeikis & Stonis, sp. nov. (not attributed to a species group) are described from the Andes (Patagonia: Argentina and Chile). For the species of the purpurimaculae group, a partial reduction of phallus, dentate cornuti, and strong development of utriculus (which can be equal or longer of the corpus bursae) are characteristic. Some of the species of the purpurimaculae group were collected near Nothofagus pumilio (Poepp. & Endl.) Krasser, Nothofagaceae, but there is still no confirmation that Nothofagus is a host-plant. All new Stigmella species are illustrated with photographs and drawings of the adults and genitalia. C1 [Stonis, Jonas R.] Lithuanian Univ Educ Sci, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania. [Remeikis, Andrius] Nat Res Ctr, Inst Ecol, Entomol Lab, LT-08412 Vilnius, Lithuania. [Davis, Donald R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Stonis, JR (reprint author), Lithuanian Univ Educ Sci, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, Studentu St 39, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania. EM stonis@leu.lt FU Science Foundation of the Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences (Vilnius) FX Ole Karsholt and Niels P. Kristensen (ZMUC) provided the initial stimulus for the present project together with generous support during its course. We thank Patricia Gentili-Poole (USNM) for her consultation. We are grateful to Jean-Francois Landry (Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa) and anonymous referees for their numerous corrections and suggestions. For support the authors thank the Science Foundation of the Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences (Vilnius). NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD NOV 25 PY 2014 VL 3887 IS 3 BP 321 EP 353 PG 33 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AX0GM UT WOS:000346631100003 PM 25543936 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, EG Ceron-Souza, I Mateo, JA Zardoya, R AF Gonzalez, Elena G. Ceron-Souza, Ivania Mateo, Jose A. Zardoya, Rafael TI Island survivors: population genetic structure and demography of the critically endangered giant lizard of La Gomera, Gallotia bravoana SO BMC GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Microsatellite characterization; Genetic diversity; Multiple paternity; Historical demography; Canary Islands ID PAIRWISE RELATEDNESS ESTIMATORS; SKINKS EGERNIA-CUNNINGHAMI; ALLELE FREQUENCY DATA; TERM SPERM STORAGE; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; CANARY-ISLANDS; MULTIPLE PATERNITY; MOLECULAR MARKERS; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; POLYMORPHIC MICROSATELLITES AB Background: The giant lizard of La Gomera (Gallotia bravoana), is an endemic lacertid of this Canary Island that lives confined to a very restricted area of occupancy in a steep cliff, and is catalogued as Critically Endangered by IUCN. We present the first population genetic analysis of the wild population as well as of captive-born individuals (for which paternity data are available) from a recovery center. Current genetic variability, and inferred past demographic changes were determined in order to discern the relative contribution of natural versus human-mediated effects on the observed decline in population size. Results: Genetic analyses indicate that the only known natural population of the species shows low genetic diversity and acts as a single evolutionary unit. Demographic analyses inferred a prolonged decline of the species for at least 230 generations. Depending on the assumed generation time, the onset of the decline was dated between 1200-13000 years ago. Pedigree analyses of captive individuals suggest that reproductive behavior of the giant lizard of La Gomera may include polyandry, multiple paternity and female long-term sperm retention. Conclusions: The current low genetic diversity of G. bravoana is the result of a long-term gradual decline. Because generation time is unknown in this lizard and estimates had large credibility intervals, it is not possible to determine the relative contribution of humans in the collapse of the population. Shorter generation times would favor a stronger influence of human pressure whereas longer generation times would favor a climate-induced origin of the decline. In any case, our analyses show that the wild population has survived for a long period of time with low levels of genetic diversity and a small effective population size. Reproductive behavior may have acted as an important inbreeding avoidance mechanism allowing the species to elude extinction. Overall, our results suggest that the species retains its adaptive potential and could restore its ancient genetic diversity under favorable conditions. Therefore, management of the giant lizard of La Gomera should concentrate efforts on enhancing population growth rates through captive breeding of the species as well as on restoring the carrying capacity of its natural habitat. C1 [Gonzalez, Elena G.; Zardoya, Rafael] MNCN CSIC, Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, Dept Biodiversidad & Biol Evolut, Madrid 28006, Spain. [Gonzalez, Elena G.] Univ Algarve, CCMAR, P-8005139 Faro, Portugal. [Ceron-Souza, Ivania] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Ceron-Souza, Ivania] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Mateo, Jose A.] Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, BIOGES, E-35017 Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain. RP Gonzalez, EG (reprint author), MNCN CSIC, Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, Dept Biodiversidad & Biol Evolut, Jose Gutierrez Abascal 2, Madrid 28006, Spain. EM eguacimara@gmail.com RI Gonzalez, Elena/E-4465-2013; OI Gonzalez, Elena/0000-0002-4614-3889; Zardoya, Rafael/0000-0001-6212-9502 FU Spanish Ministry of Education; European Life Project [LIFE 02 NAT-E-008614]; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [REN 2001- 1514/GLO, CGL 2010-18216] FX The authors would like to thank all those who provided samples for the cross-species loci amplification part of this study: Philippe Geniez (Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle and Evolutive, Montpellier, France), Patrick Fitze (MNCN-CSIC, Madrid, Spain), and Mariano Hemandez (Universidad de la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain). We also thank the Subject Editor and three anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments on a previous version of the manuscript. EGG benefited from a postdoctoral grant from the Spanish Ministry of Education. This research was funded by the European Life Project no LIFE 02 NAT-E-008614 to JAM and by the projects of the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, REN 2001- 1514/GLO and CGL 2010-18216 to RZ. NR 101 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 37 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2156 J9 BMC GENET JI BMC Genet. PD NOV 25 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 121 DI 10.1186/s12863-014-0121-8 PG 16 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AU7MY UT WOS:000345785800001 PM 25421732 ER PT J AU Sohn, JC AF Sohn, Jae-Cheon TI A taxonomic review of the Neotropical genus Anchimacheta (Lepidoptera: Urodidae) with descriptions of a new congener and an allied, new genus and species from Sri Lanka SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY LA English DT Article DE Anchimacheta; Costa Rica; Sri Lanka; new genus; new species ID WOCKIA HEINEMANN AB The urodid genus Anchimacheta is reviewed by examination of the type species, A. iodes, from Mexico and description of a new congener, A. costaricae n. sp., from Costa Rica. The genus is characterized by having a hind wing vein CuP complete; 1A+2A vestigial; a male uncus bilobed apically; a female antrum with dentations anteromarginally. Lectotypes are designated for A. iodes and A. capnodes. A new genus, Glaucotunica n. gen., is proposed on the basis of a new species, G. tamila n. sp, from Sri Lanka. The relationships and biogeography of Anchimacheta and Glaucotunica are discussed. [GRAPHICS] C1 [Sohn, Jae-Cheon] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Sohn, Jae-Cheon] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Sohn, JC (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM SohnJ@si.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-2933 EI 1464-5262 J9 J NAT HIST JI J. Nat. Hist. PD NOV 25 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 43-44 BP 2617 EP 2631 DI 10.1080/00222933.2014.939730 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ5BC UT WOS:000342816400001 ER PT J AU Greenwalt, DE Bechly, G AF Greenwalt, Dale E. Bechly, Guenter TI A re-description of the fossil damselfly Eolestes syntheticus Cockerell, 1940 ( Odonata: Zygoptera: Eolestidae n. fam.) with description of new taxa from the Eocene of North America SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE taxonomy; fossil insects; Lestoidea; Middle Eocene; Montana; Kishenehn Formation; Green River Formation ID ARGENTINA INSECTA; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; DRAGONFLIES; COENAGRIONOIDEA; HEMIPHLEBIIDAE; CLASSIFICATION; EVOLUTION; ENGLAND; FAMILY AB The enigmatic species Eolestes syntheticus Cockerell, 1940, from the Early Eocene of North America, previously attributed to the lestoid family Synlestidae, is re-examined in light of the discovery of new material from the Middle Eocene Kishenehn Formation in northwestern Montana. E. syntheticus and a new species, Eolestes ramosus sp. n., are attributed to a new family Eolestidae fam. n.. In addition, a new genus and species very closely related to Lestidae but assigned to family unknown, Lutetialestes uniformis sp. n., is described from the Kishenehn Formation. C1 [Greenwalt, Dale E.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Bechly, Guenter] State Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleontol, D-70191 Stuttgart, Germany. RP Greenwalt, DE (reprint author), State Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleontol, Rosenstein 1, D-70191 Stuttgart, Germany. EM greenwaltd@si.edu; guenter.bechly@smns-bw.de OI Bechly, Gunter/0000-0002-9162-4294 NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD NOV 24 PY 2014 VL 3887 IS 2 BP 138 EP 156 PG 19 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AX0GJ UT WOS:000346630800002 PM 25543929 ER PT J AU Vidergar, N Toplak, N Kuntner, M AF Vidergar, Nina Toplak, Natasa Kuntner, Matjaz TI Streamlining DNA Barcoding Protocols: Automated DNA Extraction and a New cox1 Primer in Arachnid Systematics SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR SYSTEMATICS; SPIDERS ARANEAE; PHYLOGENY; MORPHOLOGY; EVOLUTION; PATTERNS; TAXONOMY; DESIGN AB Background: DNA barcoding is a popular tool in taxonomic and phylogenetic studies, but for most animal lineages protocols for obtaining the barcoding sequences-mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (cox1 AKA CO1)-are not standardized. Our aim was to explore an optimal strategy for arachnids, focusing on the species-richest lineage, spiders by (1) improving an automated DNA extraction protocol, (2) testing the performance of commonly used primer combinations, and (3) developing a new cox1 primer suitable for more efficient alignment and phylogenetic analyses. Methodology: We used exemplars of 15 species from all major spider clades, processed a range of spider tissues of varying size and quality, optimized genomic DNA extraction using the MagMAX Express magnetic particle processor-an automated high throughput DNA extraction system-and tested cox1 amplification protocols emphasizing the standard barcoding region using ten routinely employed primer pairs. Results: The best results were obtained with the commonly used Folmer primers (LCO1490/HCO2198) that capture the standard barcode region, and with the C1-J-2183/C1-N-2776 primer pair that amplifies its extension. However, C1-J-2183 is designed too close to HCO2198 for well-interpreted, continuous sequence data, and in practice the resulting sequences from the two primer pairs rarely overlap. We therefore designed a new forward primer C1-J-2123 60 base pairs upstream of the C1-J-2183 binding site. The success rate of this new primer (93%) matched that of C1-J-2183. Conclusions: The use of C1-J-2123 allows full, indel-free overlap of sequences obtained with the standard Folmer primers and with C1-J-2123 primer pair. Our preliminary tests suggest that in addition to spiders, C1-J-2123 will also perform in other arachnids and several other invertebrates. We provide optimal PCR protocols for these primer sets, and recommend using them for systematic efforts beyond DNA barcoding. C1 [Vidergar, Nina; Kuntner, Matjaz] Slovenian Acad Sci & Arts, Ctr Sci Res, Inst Biol, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Kuntner, Matjaz] Hubei Univ, Ctr Behav Ecol & Evolut, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Kuntner, Matjaz] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Toplak, Natasa] Omega Doo, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Vidergar, Nina] ICGEB, Mol Virol Lab, Trieste, Italy. RP Kuntner, M (reprint author), Slovenian Acad Sci & Arts, Ctr Sci Res, Inst Biol, Ljubljana, Slovenia. EM kuntner@gmail.com FU Slovenian Research Agency [P1-0236, MR-2013]; EU [C1536-1 1T440013] FX Funding: This research was supported by the Slovenian Research Agency (grants P1-0236 and MR-2013) and a Swiss Contribution to the enlarged EU grant (C1536-1 1T440013). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 17 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 21 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 11 AR e113030 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0113030 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AX4MM UT WOS:000346906600026 PM 25415202 ER PT J AU Grishin, NV Burns, JM Brockmann, E Hallwachs, W Janzen, DH AF Grishin, Nick V. Burns, John M. Brockmann, Ernst Hallwachs, Winnie Janzen, Daniel H. TI A CRYPTIC NEW JEMADIA (HESPERIIDAE: PYRGINAE: PYRRHOPYGINI) FROM COSTA RICA AND PANAMA WITH A SUBTLY DISTINCTIVE COMBINATION OF BLUE RAYS AND WHITE BANDS SO JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE cryptic species; biodiversity; caterpillars; skipper butterflies; genitalia; DNA barcodes; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste ID DNA BARCODES; LEPIDOPTERA HESPERIIDAE AB "We have little doubt it is rightly referred to this species," wrote Godman and Salvin (1893: 262) about their only Panamanian specimen, a female from Calobre, in order to treat the South American jemadia hewitsonii (Mabille, 1878) in their "Bologia Centrali-Americana. Insecta. Lepidoptera-Rhopalocera." Half a century later, Evans included her in a type series of the newly described subspecies J. hewitsonii pater Evans, 1951, which after 50 more years Burns elevated to species status. This female is neither J. hewitsonii nor J. pater, but a new species, possibly closest to South American jemadia avid Evans, 1951, new status. The new Central American Jemadia, repeatedly reared in the Caribbean rain forest of Costa Rica's Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, is described here as Jemadia suekentonmiller Grishin, sp. nov.; and its facies, genitalia, and DNA barcodes are closely compared with those of various congeners. The twice-misplaced female is a paratype of J. suekentonmiller and is still the only known specimen from Panama. C1 [Grishin, Nick V.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Grishin, Nick V.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Biophys, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Grishin, Nick V.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Biochem, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Burns, John M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hallwachs, Winnie; Janzen, Daniel H.] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Grishin, NV (reprint author), Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Howard Hughes Med Inst, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. EM grishin@chop.swmed.edu; burnsj@si.edu; brockmann-ernst@arcor.de; whallwac@sas.upenn.edu; djanzen@sas.upenn.edu FU U.S. National Science Foundation [BSR 9024770, DEB 9306296, DEB 9400829, DEB 9705072, DEB 0072730, DEB 0515699]; Wedge Foundation; International Conservation Fund of Canada; Jessie B. Cox Charitable Trust; Blue Moon Fund; Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste; Permian Global; USNM/Smithsonian; University of Pennsylvania FX We are indebted to the ACG parataxonomists for finding and rearing the caterpillars; to ACG for providing a place for them to work and rear caterpillars; to the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario at the University of Guelph, Canada, as yell as BOLD of iBOL (http://www.boldsystems.org/) for sequencing and analyzing the DNA barcodes. We are grateful to Robert K. Robbins and Brian Harris (National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC), David Lees and Blanca Huertas (Natural History Museum, London, UK), Andrew D. Warren and Andrei Sourakov (McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Gainesville, FL), Wolfram Mey (Museum fur Naturkunde, Berlin, Germany), Andrew Johnston, David A. Grimaldi, and Suzanne Rab Green (American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY) for facilitating access to the collections under their care and stimulating discussions; to Donald Harvey (National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC) for preparations of genitalia from the John Burns X-series; to Olaf H. H. Mielke for sharing unpublished results and discussions; to Bernard Hermier for many enlightening discussions, and numerous suggestions; and anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. The study has been supported (DHJ and WH) by U.S. National Science Foundation grants BSR 9024770 and DEB 9306296, 9400829, 9705072, 0072730, 0515699, and grants from the Wedge Foundation, International Conservation Fund of Canada, Jessie B. Cox Charitable Trust, Blue Moon Fund, Guanacaste Dry Forest Conservation Fund, Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Permian Global, USNM/Smithsonian and the University of Pennsylvania. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU LEPIDOPTERISTS SOC PI LOS ANGELES PA 900 EXPOSITION BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90007-4057 USA SN 0024-0966 J9 J LEPID SOC JI J. Lepid. Soc. PD NOV 21 PY 2014 VL 68 IS 4 BP 232 EP 247 PG 16 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AU3YN UT WOS:000345546600002 ER PT J AU McKernan, B Ford, KES Kocsis, B Haiman, Z AF McKernan, B. Ford, K. E. S. Kocsis, B. Haiman, Z. TI Stars as resonant absorbers of gravitational waves SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE gravitational waves; opacity; stars: interiors; stars: oscillations; galaxies: active ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; MASS BLACK-HOLES; STELLAR OSCILLATIONS; TIDAL-CAPTURE; NONRADIAL OSCILLATIONS; AGN DISCS; EXCITATION; BINARIES; GROWTH; MODEL AB Quadrupole oscillation modes in stars can resonate with incident gravitational waves (GWs), and grow non-linear at the expense of GW energy. Stars near massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) can act as GW-charged batteries, discharging radiatively. Mass-loss from these stars can prompt MBHB accretion at near-Eddington rates. GW opacity is independent of amplitude, so distant resonating stars can eclipse GW sources. Absorption by the Sun of GWs from Galactic white dwarf binaries may be detectable with second-generation space-based GW detectors as a shadow within a complex diffraction pattern. C1 [McKernan, B.; Ford, K. E. S.] CUNY, Borough Manhattan Community Coll, Dept Sci, New York, NY 10007 USA. [McKernan, B.; Ford, K. E. S.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Astrophys, New York, NY 10024 USA. [McKernan, B.; Ford, K. E. S.] CUNY, Grad Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. [McKernan, B.; Ford, K. E. S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Kavli Inst Theoret Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Kocsis, B.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kocsis, B.] Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Haiman, Z.] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. RP McKernan, B (reprint author), CUNY, Borough Manhattan Community Coll, Dept Sci, New York, NY 10007 USA. EM bmckernan@amnh.org RI Kocsis, Bence/C-3061-2013 OI Kocsis, Bence/0000-0002-4865-7517 FU NASA [APRA08-0117, NNX11AE05G, NNX11AF29G]; NSF PAARE [AST-1153335]; NSF [PHY11-25915]; BMCC Faculty Development Grant; CUNY Chancellor's Research Fellowship; W. M. Keck Foundation Fund of the Institute for Advanced Study FX We thank Scott Hughes, Pawan Kumar, Jeremy Goodman, Cole Miller, and Bernd Schutz for very useful discussions. BM and KESF are supported by NASA APRA08-0117, NSF PAARE AST-1153335, and NSF PHY11-25915. BM acknowledges support from a BMCC Faculty Development Grant and a CUNY Chancellor's Research Fellowship. ZH is supported by NASA grant NNX11AE05G. BK is supported by the W. M. Keck Foundation Fund of the Institute for Advanced Study and NASA grant NNX11AF29G. NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV 21 PY 2014 VL 445 IS 1 BP L74 EP L78 DI 10.1093/mnrasl/slu136 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AS4GH UT WOS:000344231000016 ER PT J AU Vargas-Magana, M Ho, S Xu, XY Sanchez, AG O'Connell, R Eisenstein, DJ Cuesta, AJ Percival, WJ Ross, AJ Aubourg, E Brownstein, JR Escoffier, S Kirkby, D Manera, M Schneider, DP Tinker, JL Weaver, BA AF Vargas-Magana, Mariana Ho, Shirley Xu, Xiaoying Sanchez, Ariel G. O'Connell, Ross Eisenstein, Daniel J. Cuesta, Antonio J. Percival, Will J. Ross, Ashley J. Aubourg, Eric Brownstein, Joel R. Escoffier, Stephanie Kirkby, David Manera, Marc Schneider, Donald P. Tinker, Jeremy L. Weaver, Benjamin A. TI The clustering of Galaxies in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: potential systematics in fitting of baryon acoustic feature SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE large-scale structure of Universe ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SURVEY COSMOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS; LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES; DATA RELEASE; COVARIANCE-MATRIX; CENT DISTANCE; SCALE; MATTER; Z=0.35; SAMPLE AB Extraction of the Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) to per cent level accuracy is challenging and demands an understanding of many potential systematics to an accuracy well below 1 per cent, in order to ensure that they do not combine significantly when compared to statistical error of the BAO measurement. Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Data Release 11 (DR11) reaches a distance measurement with similar to 1 per cent statistical error and this prompts an extensive search for all possible sub-per cent level systematic errors which could previously be safely ignored. In this paper, we analyse the potential systematics in BAO fitting methodology using mocks and data from BOSS DR10 and DR11. We demonstrate the robustness of the fiducial multipole fitting methodology to be at 0.1-0.2 per cent level with a wide range of tests in mock galaxy catalogues pre-and post-reconstruction. We also find the DR10 and DR11 data from BOSS to be robust against changes in methodology at a similar level. This systematic error budget is incorporated into the BOSS DR10 and DR11 BAO measurements. Of the wide range of changes we have investigated, we find that when fitting post-reconstructed data or mocks, the only change which has an effect > 0.1 per cent on the best-fitting values of distance measurements is varying the order of the polynomials to describe the broad-band terms (similar to 0.2 per cent). Finally, we compare an alternative methodology denoted as Clustering Wedges with Multipoles, and find that it is consistent with the standard approach. C1 [Vargas-Magana, Mariana; Ho, Shirley; Xu, Xiaoying; O'Connell, Ross] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Sanchez, Ariel G.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Eisenstein, Daniel J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Cuesta, Antonio J.] Univ Barcelona, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, IEEC UB, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Percival, Will J.; Ross, Ashley J.; Manera, Marc] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Aubourg, Eric] Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, CEA Irfu, Observ Paris,APC,CNRS,IN2PE, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Brownstein, Joel R.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Escoffier, Stephanie] Aix Marseille Univ, CPPM, CNRS, IN2P3, F-13288 Marseille, France. [Kirkby, David] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Manera, Marc] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Tinker, Jeremy L.; Weaver, Benjamin A.] NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. RP Vargas-Magana, M (reprint author), Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM mmagana@andrew.cmu.edu OI Escoffier, Stephanie/0000-0002-2847-7498; Kirkby, David/0000-0002-8828-5463; Cuesta Vazquez, Antonio Jose/0000-0002-4153-9470 FU New Frontiers in Astronomy and Cosmology programme at the John Templeton Foundation; RESCEU fellowship; Seaborg and Chamberlain Fellowship (via Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory); Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy; Trans-regional Collaborative Research Centre TR33 'The Dark Universe' of the German Research Foundation (DFG); University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; University of Cambridge; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University FX SH is partially supported by the New Frontiers in Astronomy and Cosmology programme at the John Templeton Foundation and was partially supported by RESCEU fellowship, and the Seaborg and Chamberlain Fellowship (via Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) during the preparation of this manuscript.; Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the US Department of Energy.; AGS acknowledges support from the Trans-regional Collaborative Research Centre TR33 'The Dark Universe' of the German Research Foundation (DFG).; SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. NR 48 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV 21 PY 2014 VL 445 IS 1 BP 2 EP 28 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu1681 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8LX UT WOS:000343827700001 ER PT J AU Genel, S Vogelsberger, M Springel, V Sijacki, D Nelson, D Snyder, G Rodriguez-Gomez, V Torrey, P Hernquist, L AF Genel, Shy Vogelsberger, Mark Springel, Volker Sijacki, Debora Nelson, Dylan Snyder, Greg Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente Torrey, Paul Hernquist, Lars TI Introducing the Illustris project: the evolution of galaxy populations across cosmic time SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; methods: numerical; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: high-redshift; cosmology: theory ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; DARK-MATTER HALOES; SIMILAR-TO 2; LYMAN-BREAK GALAXIES; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; STELLAR MASS FUNCTIONS; MOVING-MESH COSMOLOGY; SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; MOLECULAR GAS CONTENT; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI AB We present an overview of galaxy evolution across cosmic time in the Illustris simulation. Illustris is an N-body/hydrodynamical simulation that evolves 2 x 1820(3) resolution elements in a (106.5Mpc)(3) box from cosmological initial conditions down to z = 0 using the AREPO moving-mesh code. The simulation uses a state-of-the-art set of physical models for galaxy formation that was tuned to reproduce the z = 0 stellar mass function and the history of the cosmic star formation rate density. We find that Illustris successfully reproduces a plethora of observations of galaxy populations at various redshifts, for which no tuning was performed, and provide predictions for future observations. In particular, we discuss (a) the buildup of galactic mass, showing stellar mass functions and the relations between stellar mass and halo mass from z = 7 to 0, (b) galaxy number density profiles around massive central galaxies out to z = 4, (c) the gas and total baryon content of both galaxies and their haloes for different redshifts, and as a function of mass and radius, and (d) the evolution of galaxy specific star formation rates up to z = 8. In addition, we (i) present a qualitative analysis of galaxy morphologies from z = 5 to 0, for the stellar as well as the gaseous components, and their appearance in Hubble Space Telescope mock observations, (ii) follow galaxies selected at z = 2 to their z = 0 descendants, and quantify their growth and merger histories, and (iii) track massive z = 0 galaxies to high redshift and study their joint evolution in star formation activity and compactness. We conclude with a discussion of several disagreements with observations, and lay out possible directions for future research. C1 [Genel, Shy; Nelson, Dylan; Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente; Torrey, Paul; Hernquist, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Vogelsberger, Mark] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, ARI, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Sijacki, Debora] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Sijacki, Debora] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Snyder, Greg] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Genel, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM sgenel@cfa.harvard.edu OI Torrey, Paul/0000-0002-5653-0786; Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente/0000-0002-9495-0079 FU Texas Advanced Computing Center as part of XSEDE [TG-AST110016]; CEA/France as part of PRACE [RA0844]; Leibniz Computing Centre, Germany [pr85je]; DFG Research Centre [SFB-881]; European Research Council under ERC-StG [EXAGAL-308037]; HST grants programme [HST-AR-12856.01-A]; NASA through Space Telescope Science Institute [12856]; NASA [NAS 5-26555, NNX12AC67G]; NSF [AST-1312095] FX We are grateful to Andrei Kravtsov and Tomer Tal for providing us with their data and their helpful interpretations. We would like to thank Guillermo Barro, Peter Behroozi, Nicolas Bouche, Reinhard Genzel, Chung-Pei Ma, Federico Marinacci, Pascal Oesch, and Linda Tacconi for useful discussions. We acknowledge comments on an earlier draft from Stefano Andreon, Kyoungsoo Lee, and Ali Rahmati. Simulations were run on the Ranger and Stampede supercomputers at the Texas Advanced Computing Center as part of XSEDE project TG-AST110016, the CURIE supercomputer at CEA/France as part of PRACE project RA0844, and the SuperMUC computer at the Leibniz Computing Centre, Germany, as part of project pr85je. VS acknowledges support by the DFG Research Centre SFB-881 'The Milky Way System' through project A1, and by the European Research Council under ERC-StG grant EXAGAL-308037. GS acknowledges support from the HST grants programme, number HST-AR-12856.01-A. Support for programme #12856 (PI: J. Lotz) was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. LH acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX12AC67G and NSF grant AST-1312095. NR 233 TC 142 Z9 142 U1 0 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV 21 PY 2014 VL 445 IS 1 BP 175 EP 200 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu1654 PG 26 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8LX UT WOS:000343827700014 ER PT J AU Gallo, E Miller-Jones, JCA Russell, DM Jonker, PG Homan, J Plotkin, RM Markoff, S Miller, BP Corbel, S Fender, RP AF Gallo, E. Miller-Jones, J. C. A. Russell, D. M. Jonker, P. G. Homan, J. Plotkin, R. M. Markoff, S. Miller, B. P. Corbel, S. Fender, R. P. TI The radio/X-ray domain of black hole X-ray binaries at the lowest radio luminosities SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion discs; black hole physics; methods: statistical; ISM: jets and outflows; radio continuum: general; X-rays: binaries ID TRANSIENT XTE J1118+480; BROAD-BAND SPECTRUM; INNER COOL DISKS; LOW/HARD STATE; GX 339-4; HARD STATE; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; ACCRETION DISK; CYGNUS X-1; V404 CYG AB We report on deep, coordinated radio and X-ray observations of the black hole X-ray binary X IE J1118+480 in quiescence. The source was observed with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array for a total of 17.5 h at 5.3 GHz, yielding a 4.8 +/- 1.4 mu Jy radio source at a position consistent with the binary system. At a distance of 1.7 kpc, this corresponds to an integrated radio luminosity between 4 and 8 x 10(25) erg s(-1), depending on the spectral index. This is the lowest radio luminosity measured for any accreting black hole to date. Simultaneous observations with the Chandra X-ray Telescope detected XTE J1118+480 at 1.2 x 10(-14) erg s(-1) cm(-2) (1-10 keV), corresponding to an Eddington ratio of similar to 4 x 10(-9) for a 7.5 M-circle dot black hole. Combining these new measurements with data from the 2005 and 2000 outbursts available in the literature, we find evidence for a relationship of the form l(r) = alpha+beta l(X) (where l denotes logarithmic luminosities), with beta = 0.72 +/- 0.09. XTE J1118+480 is thus the third system together with GX339-4 and V404 Cyg for which a tight, non-linear radio/X-ray correlation has been reported over more than 5 dex in l(X). Confirming previous results, we find no evidence for a dependence of the correlation normalization of an individual system on orbital parameters, relativistic boosting, reported black hole spin and/or black hole mass. We then perform a clustering and linear regression analysis on what is arguably the most up-to-date collection of coordinated radio and X-ray luminosity measurements from quiescent and hard-state black hole X-ray binaries, including 24 systems. At variance with previous results, a two-cluster description is statistically preferred only for random errors less than or similar to 0.3 dex in both l(r) and l(X), a level which we argue can be easily reached when the known spectral shape/distance uncertainties and intrinsic variability are accounted for. A linear regression analysis performed on the whole data set returns a best-fitting slope beta = 0.61 +/- 0.03 and intrinsic scatter sigma(0) = 0.31 +/- 0.03 dex. C1 [Gallo, E.; Plotkin, R. M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Miller-Jones, J. C. A.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Russell, D. M.] New York Univ Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, U Arab Emirates. [Jonker, P. G.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, SRON, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Jonker, P. G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Jonker, P. G.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Homan, J.] MIT Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Markoff, S.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Miller, B. P.] Macalester Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. [Corbel, S.] Univ Paris 07, CEA Saclay, AIM Unite Mixte Rech CEA CNRS, Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Fender, R. P.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. RP Gallo, E (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 500 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM egallo@umich.edu RI Miller-Jones, James/B-2411-2013; Plotkin, Richard/I-3221-2016; OI Miller-Jones, James/0000-0003-3124-2814; Plotkin, Richard/0000-0002-7092-0326; Russell, David/0000-0002-3500-631X FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center [GO3-14036X]; National Aeronautics Space Administration [NAS8-03060]; Australian Research Council Discovery Grant [DP120102393]; French Research National Agency: CHAOS project [ANR-12-BS05-0009]; UnivEarthS Labex programme of Sorbonne Paris Cite [ANR-10-LABX-0023, ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02] FX Support for this work was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award Number GO3-14036X issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060. JCAMJ acknowledges support from an Australian Research Council Discovery Grant (DP120102393). SC acknowledges funding support from the French Research National Agency: CHAOS project ANR-12-BS05-0009 (http://www.chaos-project.fr) and financial support from the UnivEarthS Labex programme of Sorbonne Paris Cite (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02). The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. NR 108 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV 21 PY 2014 VL 445 IS 1 BP 290 EP 300 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu1599 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8LX UT WOS:000343827700022 ER PT J AU Hindson, L Johnston-Hollitt, M Hurley-Walker, N Buckley, K Morgan, J Carretti, E Dwarakanath, KS Bell, M Bernardi, G Bhat, NDR Bowman, JD Briggs, F Cappallo, RJ Corey, BE Deshpande, AA Emrich, D Ewall-Wice, A Feng, L Gaensler, BM Goeke, R Greenhill, LJ Hazelton, BJ Jacobs, D Kaplan, DL Kasper, JC Kratzenberg, E Kudryavtseva, N Lenc, E Lonsdale, CJ Lynch, MJ McWhirter, SR McKinley, B Mitchell, DA Morales, MF Morgan, E Oberoi, D Ord, SM Pindor, B Prabu, T Procopio, P Offringa, AR Riding, J Rogers, AEE Roshi, A Shankar, NU Srivani, KS Subrahmanyan, R Tingay, SJ Waterson, M Wayth, RB Webster, RL Whitney, AR Williams, A Williams, CL AF Hindson, L. Johnston-Hollitt, M. Hurley-Walker, N. Buckley, K. Morgan, J. Carretti, E. Dwarakanath, K. S. Bell, M. Bernardi, G. Bhat, N. D. R. Bowman, J. D. Briggs, F. Cappallo, R. J. Corey, B. E. Deshpande, A. A. Emrich, D. Ewall-Wice, A. Feng, L. Gaensler, B. M. Goeke, R. Greenhill, L. J. Hazelton, B. J. Jacobs, D. Kaplan, D. L. Kasper, J. C. Kratzenberg, E. Kudryavtseva, N. Lenc, E. Lonsdale, C. J. Lynch, M. J. McWhirter, S. R. McKinley, B. Mitchell, D. A. Morales, M. F. Morgan, E. Oberoi, D. Ord, S. M. Pindor, B. Prabu, T. Procopio, P. Offringa, A. R. Riding, J. Rogers, A. E. E. Roshi, A. Shankar, N. Udaya Srivani, K. S. Subrahmanyan, R. Tingay, S. J. Waterson, M. Wayth, R. B. Webster, R. L. Whitney, A. R. Williams, A. Williams, C. L. TI The First Murchison Widefield Array low-frequency radio observations of cluster scale non-thermal emission: the case of Abell 3667 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: individual: A3667; radio continuum: galaxies ID MERGING GALAXY CLUSTER; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; SHOCK ACCELERATION; DOUBLE RELICS; COLD-FRONT; SKY SURVEY; A3667; HALOS; SPECTRUM; ORIGIN AB We present the first Murchison Widefield Array observations of the well-known cluster of galaxies Abell 3667 (A3667) between 105 and 241 MHz. A3667 is one of the best known examples of a galaxy cluster hosting a double radio relic and has been reported to contain a faint radio halo and bridge. The origin of radio haloes, relics and bridges is still unclear, however galaxy cluster merger seems to be an important factor. We clearly detect the north-west (NW) and south-east radio relics in A3667 and find an integrated flux density at 149 MHz of 28.1 +/- 1.7 and 2.4 +/- 0.1 Jy, respectively, with an average spectral index, between 120 and 1400 MHz, of -0.9 +/- 0.1 for both relics. We find evidence of a spatial variation in the spectral index across the NW relic steepening towards the centre of the cluster, which indicates an ageing electron population. These properties are consistent with higher frequency observations. We detect emission that could be associated with a radio halo and bridge. However, due to the presence of poorly sampled large-scale Galactic emission and blended point sources we are unable to verify the exact nature of these features. C1 [Hindson, L.; Johnston-Hollitt, M.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. [Hurley-Walker, N.; Morgan, J.; Bhat, N. D. R.; Emrich, D.; Kudryavtseva, N.; Lynch, M. J.; Ord, S. M.; Tingay, S. J.; Waterson, M.; Wayth, R. B.; Williams, A.] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia. [Buckley, K.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Engn & Comp Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. [Carretti, E.; Bell, M.; Mitchell, D. A.] CASS, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Dwarakanath, K. S.; Deshpande, A. A.; Prabu, T.; Shankar, N. Udaya; Srivani, K. S.; Subrahmanyan, R.] Raman Res Inst, Bangalore 560080, Karnataka, India. [Bell, M.; Bhat, N. D. R.; Briggs, F.; Gaensler, B. M.; Lenc, E.; McKinley, B.; Mitchell, D. A.; Ord, S. M.; Pindor, B.; Procopio, P.; Offringa, A. R.; Riding, J.; Subrahmanyan, R.; Tingay, S. J.; Wayth, R. B.; Webster, R. L.] ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Sydney, NSW 2016, Australia. [Bell, M.; Gaensler, B. M.; Lenc, E.] Univ Sydney, Sydney Inst Astron, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Bernardi, G.; Greenhill, L. J.; Kasper, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bernardi, G.] SKA SA, ZA-7405 Cape Town, South Africa. [Bernardi, G.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Bowman, J. D.; Jacobs, D.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Briggs, F.; McKinley, B.; Offringa, A. R.; Waterson, M.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Cappallo, R. J.; Corey, B. E.; Goeke, R.; Kratzenberg, E.; Lonsdale, C. J.; McWhirter, S. R.; Rogers, A. E. E.; Whitney, A. R.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Ewall-Wice, A.; Feng, L.; Morgan, E.; Williams, C. L.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Hazelton, B. J.; Morales, M. F.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kaplan, D. L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Oberoi, D.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India. [Pindor, B.; Procopio, P.; Riding, J.; Webster, R. L.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Roshi, A.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Roshi, A.] Natl Radio Astron Observwv, Green Bank, WV USA. RP Hindson, L (reprint author), Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. EM lukehindson1@gmail.com RI Wayth, Randall/B-2444-2013; Kasper, Justin/D-1152-2010; Udayashankar , N/D-4901-2012; Williams, Andrew/K-2931-2013; M, Manjunath/N-4000-2014; Deshpande, Avinash/D-4868-2012; Dwarakanath, K /D-4876-2012; Hurley-Walker, Natasha/B-9520-2013; Emrich, David/B-7002-2013; Subrahmanyan, Ravi/D-4889-2012; OI Wayth, Randall/0000-0002-6995-4131; Kasper, Justin/0000-0002-7077-930X; Williams, Andrew/0000-0001-9080-0105; M, Manjunath/0000-0001-8710-0730; Hurley-Walker, Natasha/0000-0002-5119-4808; Emrich, David/0000-0002-4058-1837; /0000-0002-0086-7363; Carretti, Ettore/0000-0002-3973-8403; Gaensler, Bryan/0000-0002-3382-9558; Lenc, Emil/0000-0002-9994-1593; Kudryavtseva, Nadia/0000-0002-1372-0942 FU Marsden Fund; US National Science Foundation [AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER-0847753, AST-0908884]; Australian Research Council (LIEF) [LE0775621, LE0882938]; US Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-0510247]; Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence) [CE110001020]; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; MIT School of Science; Raman Research Institute; Australian National University; Victoria University of Wellington via New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development [MED-E1799]; Victoria University of Wellington via IBM Shared University Research Grant; Australian Federal government via the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO); National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy; Education Investment Fund; Australia India Strategic Research Fund; Astronomy Australia Limited; NVIDIA at Harvard University; International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), a Joint Venture of Curtin University; University of Western Australia - Western Australian State government FX We thank the anonymous referee for their very useful comments. MJ-H acknowledges support from the Marsden Fund. This scientific work makes use of the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory, operated by CSIRO. We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the Observatory site. Support for the MWA comes from the US National Science Foundation (grants AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER-0847753and AST-0908884), the Australian Research Council (LIEF grants LE0775621 and LE0882938), the US Air Force Office of Scientific Research (grant FA9550-0510247) and the Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence funded by grant CE110001020). Support is also provided by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, the MIT School of Science, the Raman Research Institute, the Australian National University, and the Victoria University of Wellington (via grant MED-E1799 from the New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development and an IBM Shared University Research Grant). The Australian Federal government provides additional support via the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy, Education Investment Fund, and the Australia India Strategic Research Fund, and Astronomy Australia Limited, under contract to Curtin University. We acknowledge the iVEC Petabyte Data Store, the Initiative in Innovative Computing and the CUDA Center for Excellence sponsored by NVIDIA at Harvard University, and the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), a Joint Venture of Curtin University and The University of Western Australia, funded by the Western Australian State government. NR 94 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV 21 PY 2014 VL 445 IS 1 BP 330 EP 346 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu1669 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8LX UT WOS:000343827700026 ER PT J AU Faran, T Poznanski, D Filippenko, AV Chornock, R Foley, RJ Ganeshalingam, M Leonard, DC Li, W Modjaz, M Serduke, FJD Silverman, JM AF Faran, T. Poznanski, D. Filippenko, A. V. Chornock, R. Foley, R. J. Ganeshalingam, M. Leonard, D. C. Li, W. Modjaz, M. Serduke, F. J. D. Silverman, J. M. TI A sample of Type II-L supernovae SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE supernovae: general ID CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE; LIGHT-CURVES; MASS-DISTRIBUTION; P SUPERNOVAE; PROGENITOR; EXTINCTION; ABSORPTION; FRACTIONS; SPECTRA; 2009KR AB What are Type II-Linear supernovae (SNe II-L)? This class, which has been ill defined for decades, now receives significant attention - both theoretically, in order to understand what happens to stars in the similar to 15-25 M-circle dot range, and observationally, with two independent studies suggesting that they cannot be cleanly separated photometrically from the regular hydrogen-rich SNe II-P characterized by a marked plateau in their light curve. Here, we analyse the multiband light curves and extensive spectroscopic coverage of a sample of 35 SNe II and find that 11 of them could be SNe II-L. The spectra of these SNe are hydrogen deficient, typically have shallow Ha absorption, may show indirect signs of helium via strong O I lambda 7774 absorption, and have faster line velocities consistent with a thin hydrogen shell. The light curves can be mostly differentiated from those of the regular, hydrogen-rich SNe II-P by their steeper decline rates and higher luminosity, and we propose to define them based on their decline in the V band: SNe II-L decline by more than 0.5 mag from peak brightness by day 50 after explosion. Using our sample we provide template light curves for SNe II-L and II-P in four photometric bands. C1 [Faran, T.; Poznanski, D.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Filippenko, A. V.; Ganeshalingam, M.; Li, W.; Serduke, F. J. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Chornock, R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Foley, R. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ganeshalingam, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Leonard, D. C.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Astron, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Modjaz, M.] NYU, CCPP, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Silverman, J. M.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Faran, T (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. EM tamar104@gmail.com FU W. M. Keck Foundation; Alon fellowship for outstanding young researchers; Raymond and Beverly Sackler Chair for young scientists; NSF [AST-1009571, AST-1210311, AST-1302771, AST-0908886, AST-1211916]; Christopher R. Redlich Fund; Richard and Rhoda Goldman Fund; TABASGO Foundation FX We thank I. Arcavi, A. Gal-Yam, E. Nakar, and D. Maoz for helpful comments on this manuscript. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and NASA; the Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The Kast spectrograph on the Shane 3-m reflector at Lick Observatory resulted from a generous donation made by Bill and Marina Kast. We thank the dedicated staff of the Lick and Keck Observatories for their assistance. This research made use of the Weizmann interactive supernova data repository (www.weizmann.ac.il/astrophysics/wiserep), as well as the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA.; KAIT (at Lick Observatory) and its ongoing operation were made possible by donations from Sun Microsystems, Inc., the Hewlett-Packard Company, AutoScope Corporation, Lick Observatory, the NSF, the University of California, the Sylvia & Jim Katzman Foundation, and the TABASGO Foundation. DP acknowledges support from the Alon fellowship for outstanding young researchers, and the Raymond and Beverly Sackler Chair for young scientists. DCL acknowledges support from NSF grants AST-1009571 and AST-1210311. JMS is supported by an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under award AST-1302771. AVF's group at UC Berkeley has received generous financial assistance from the Christopher R. Redlich Fund, the Richard and Rhoda Goldman Fund, the TABASGO Foundation, and the NSF (most recently through grants AST-0908886 and AST-1211916). NR 40 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV 21 PY 2014 VL 445 IS 1 BP 554 EP 569 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu1760 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8LX UT WOS:000343827700042 ER PT J AU Allevato, V Finoguenov, A Civano, F Cappelluti, N Shankar, F Miyaji, T Hasinger, G Gilli, R Zamorani, G Lanzuisi, G Salvato, M Elvis, M Comastri, A Silverman, J AF Allevato, V. Finoguenov, A. Civano, F. Cappelluti, N. Shankar, F. Miyaji, T. Hasinger, G. Gilli, R. Zamorani, G. Lanzuisi, G. Salvato, M. Elvis, M. Comastri, A. Silverman, J. TI CLUSTERING OF MODERATE LUMINOSITY X-RAY-SELECTED TYPE 1 AND TYPE 2 AGNS AT Z similar to 3 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dark matter; galaxies: active; large-scale structure of universe; surveys; X-rays: general ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; WIDE-FIELD SURVEY; DARK-MATTER HALOES; CROSS-CORRELATION FUNCTION; CHANDRA-COSMOS SURVEY; QSO REDSHIFT SURVEY; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; LARGE-SCALE BIAS; EDDINGTON RATIOS AB We investigate, for the first time at z similar to 3, the clustering properties of 189 Type 1 and 157 Type 2 X-ray active galactic nuclei (AGNs) of moderate luminosity (< L-bol > = 10(45.3) erg s(-1)), with photometric or spectroscopic redshifts in the range 2.2 < z < 6.8. These samples are based on Chandra and XMM-Newton data in COSMOS. We find that Type 1 and Type 2 COSMOS AGNs at z similar to 3 inhabit DMHs with typical mass of log M-h = 12.84(-0.11)(+0.10) and 11.73(-0.45)(+0.39) h(-1) M-circle dot, respectively. This result requires a drop in the halo masses of Type 1 and 2 COSMOS AGNs at z similar to 3 compared to z less than or similar to 2 XMM-COSMOS AGNs with similar luminosities. Additionally, we infer that unobscured COSMOS AGNs at z similar to 3 reside in 10 times more massive halos compared to obscured COSMOS AGNs, at the 2.6 sigma level. This result extends to z similar to 3 the results found in COSMOS at z less than or similar to 2, and rules out the picture in which obscuration is purely an orientation effect. A model which assumes that the AGNs activity is triggered by major mergers is quite successful in predicting both the low halo mass of COSMOS AGNs and the typical mass of luminous SDSS quasars at z similar to 3, with the latter inhabiting more massive halos respect to moderate luminosity AGNs. Alternatively we can argue, at least for Type 1 COSMOS AGNs, that they are possibly representative of an early phase of fast (i.e., Eddington limited) BH growth induced by cosmic cold flows or disk instabilities. Given the moderate luminosity, these new fast growing BHs have masses of similar to 10(7-8) M-circle dot at z similar to 3 which might evolve into similar to 10(8.5-9) M-circle dot mass BHs at z = 0. Following our clustering measurements, we argue that this fast BH growth at 3 in AGNs with moderate luminosity occurs in DMHs with typical mass of similar to 6x10(12) h(-1) M-circle dot. C1 [Allevato, V.; Finoguenov, A.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Finoguenov, A.; Cappelluti, N.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Civano, F.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Civano, F.; Elvis, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Cappelluti, N.; Gilli, R.; Zamorani, G.; Comastri, A.] Osservatorio Astron Bologna, INAF, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Shankar, F.] Univ Southampton, Dept Phys & Astron, Highfield SO17 1BJ, England. [Miyaji, T.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, Observ Paris, GEPI, F-92195 Meudon, France. [Miyaji, T.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. [Hasinger, G.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Lanzuisi, G.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Salvato, M.] Natl Observ Athens, GR-15236 Penteli, Greece. [Silverman, J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Miyaji, T.] Univ Tokyo, Inst Phys & Math Universe, Chiba 2778583, Japan. RP Allevato, V (reprint author), Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, Gustaf Hallstromin Katu 2a, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. RI Comastri, Andrea/O-9543-2015; Gilli, Roberto/P-1110-2015; OI Comastri, Andrea/0000-0003-3451-9970; Gilli, Roberto/0000-0001-8121-6177; Lanzuisi, Giorgio/0000-0001-9094-0984; Cappelluti, Nico/0000-0002-1697-186X FU Finnish Academy award [266918]; NASA [11-ADAP11-0218]; Marie Curie grant; UNAM-PAPIIT [104113]; CONACyT [179662]; European Commission funding through the FP7 SPACE project ASTRODEEP [312725] FX We thank the referee for a very helpful report. We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of the entire COSMOS collaboration consisting of more than 100 scientists. More information on the COSMOS survey is available at http://www.astro.caltech.edu/cosmos. V.A. and A.F. wish to acknowledge Finnish Academy award, decision 266918. F.C. acknowledges the support of NASA contract 11-ADAP11-0218. F.S. acknowledges partial support from a Marie Curie grant. T.M. acknowledges supports from UNAM-PAPIIT 104113 and CONACyT Grant 179662. We thank Alessandro Marconi for providing the tracks shown in Figure 5 and John Regan for helpful discussions. N.C. acknowledges European Commission funding through the FP7 SPACE project ASTRODEEP (Ref. No.: 312725). NR 95 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 1 AR 4 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/1/4 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AS9GD UT WOS:000344550300004 ER PT J AU Bai, XN Stone, JM AF Bai, Xue-Ning Stone, James M. TI MAGNETIC FLUX CONCENTRATION AND ZONAL FLOWS IN MAGNETOROTATIONAL INSTABILITY TURBULENCE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; instabilities; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); methods: numerical; protoplanetary disks; turbulence ID 3-DIMENSIONAL MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; DIFFERENTIALLY ROTATING-DISKS; SHEARING BOX SIMULATIONS; WIND-DRIVEN ACCRETION; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; PLANETESIMAL FORMATION; OUTER REGIONS; AMBIPOLAR DIFFUSION; STRATIFIED DISKS; CHANNEL FLOWS AB Accretion disks are likely threaded by external vertical magnetic flux, which enhances the level of turbulence via the magnetorotational instability (MRI). Using shearing-box simulations, we find that such external magnetic flux also strongly enhances the amplitude of banded radial density variations known as zonal flows. Moreover, we report that vertical magnetic flux is strongly concentrated toward low-density regions of the zonal flow. Mean vertical magnetic field can be more than doubled in low-density regions, and reduced to nearly zero in high-density regions in some cases. In ideal MHD, the scale on which magnetic flux concentrates can reach a few disk scale heights. In the non-ideal MHD regime with strong ambipolar diffusion, magnetic flux is concentrated into thin axisymmetric shells at some enhanced level, whose size is typically less than half a scale height. We show that magnetic flux concentration is closely related to the fact that the turbulent diffusivity of the MRI turbulence is anisotropic. In addition to a conventional Ohmic-like turbulent resistivity, we find that there is a correlation between the vertical velocity and horizontal magnetic field fluctuations that produces a mean electric field that acts to anti-diffuse the vertical magnetic flux. The anisotropic turbulent diffusivity has analogies to the Hall effect, and may have important implications for magnetic flux transport in accretion disks. The physical origin of magnetic flux concentration may be related to the development of channel flows followed by magnetic reconnection, which acts to decrease the mass-to-flux ratio in localized regions. The association of enhanced zonal flows with magnetic flux concentration may lead to global pressure bumps in protoplanetary disks that helps trap dust particles and facilitates planet formation. C1 [Bai, Xue-Ning] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Stone, James M.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Bai, XN (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St,MS-51, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM xbai@cfa.harvard.edu FU NASA through Hubble Fellowship by the Space Telescope Science Institute [HST-HF2-51301.001-A]; NASA [NAS 5-26555]; NSF [AST-1312203, AST-1333091]; Texas Advanced Computing Center through XSEDE [TG-AST140001] FX We thank Charles Gammie, Hantao Ji, Julian Krolik, Dong Lai, Ramesh Narayan, John Papaloizou, and Zhaohuan Zhu for useful conversations, and an anonymous referee for a useful report. X.-N.B is supported by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51301.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. J.M.S. is supported by NSF grants AST-1312203 and AST-1333091. Computation for part of this work was performed on Stampede at Texas Advanced Computing Center through XSEDE grant TG-AST140001. NR 67 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 1 AR 31 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/1/31 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AS9GD UT WOS:000344550300031 ER PT J AU Chou, TL Takakuwa, S Yen, HW Ohashi, N Ho, PTP AF Chou, Ti-Lin Takakuwa, Shigehisa Yen, Hsi-Wei Ohashi, Nagayoshi Ho, Paul T. P. TI TRANSITION FROM THE INFALLING ENVELOPE TO THE KEPLERIAN DISK AROUND L1551 IRS 5 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: individual objects (L1551 IRS 5); ISM: molecules; stars: formation ID CIRCUMSTELLAR DUST DISKS; PROTOSTELLAR SYSTEM; MAGNETIC BRAKING; TAURUS-AURIGA; SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY; PROTOPLANETARY DISK; CIRCUMBINARY DISK; MILLIMETER ARRAY; MOLECULAR CLOUD; STAR-FORMATION AB We present combined Submillimeter Array (SMA) + Atacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment (ASTE) images of the Class I protobinary L1551 IRS 5 in the CS (J = 7-6) line, the submillimeter images of L1551 IRS 5 with the most complete spatial sampling ever achieved (0.'' 9-36 ''). The SMA image of L1551 IRS 5 in the 343 GHz dust-continuum emission is also presented, which shows an elongated feature along the northwest to southeast direction (similar to 160 AU x 80 AU), perpendicular to the associated radio jets. The combined SMA + ASTE images show that the high-velocity (greater than or similar to 1.5 km s(-1)) CS emission traces the structure of the dust component and shows a velocity gradient along the major axis, which is reproduced by a geometrically thin Keplerian-disk model with a central stellar mass of similar to 0.5 M-circle dot . The low-velocity (less than or similar to 1.3 km s(-1)) CS emission shows an extended (similar to 1000 AU) feature that exhibits slight south (blueshifted) to north (redshifted) emission offsets, which is modeled with a rotating and infalling envelope with a conserved angular momentum. The rotational motion of the envelope connects smoothly to the inner Keplerian rotation at a radius of similar to 64 AU. The infalling velocity of the envelope is similar to three times lower than the free-fall velocity toward the central stellar mass of 0.5 M-circle dot . These results demonstrate transition from the infalling envelope to the Keplerian disk, consistent with the latest theoretical studies of disk formation. We suggest that sizable (r similar to 50-200 AU) Keplerian disks are already formed when the protostars are still deeply embedded in the envelopes. C1 [Chou, Ti-Lin] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Chou, Ti-Lin; Takakuwa, Shigehisa; Yen, Hsi-Wei; Ohashi, Nagayoshi; Ho, Paul T. P.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Ohashi, Nagayoshi] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Ho, Paul T. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Chou, TL (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Phys, 1,Sec 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 106, Taiwan. EM tlchou@asiaa.sinica.edu.tw OI Yen, Hsi-Wei/0000-0003-1412-893X FU National Science Council of Taiwan [MOST 102-2119-M-001-012-MY3] FX We are grateful to J. Lim, M. Momose, M. Saito, and Zhi-Yun Li for their fruitful discussions, and an anonymous referee for helpful suggestions. We thank all the SMA staff supporting this work. S.T. acknowledges a grant from the National Science Council of Taiwan (MOST 102-2119-M-001-012-MY3) in support of this work. NR 56 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 1 AR 70 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/1/70 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AS9GD UT WOS:000344550300070 ER PT J AU Darvish, B Sobral, D Mobasher, B Scoville, NZ Best, P Sales, LV Smail, I AF Darvish, B. Sobral, D. Mobasher, B. Scoville, N. Z. Best, P. Sales, L. V. Smail, I. TI COSMIC WEB AND STAR FORMATION ACTIVITY IN GALAXIES AT z similar to 1 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: star formation; large-scale structure of universe ID H-ALPHA EMITTERS; FORMATION-DENSITY RELATION; STELLAR MASS FUNCTION; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; AEGIS FIELD GALAXIES; HIGH-REDSHIFT SURVEY; FORMING GALAXIES; FORMATION RATES; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; STARBURST GALAXIES AB We investigate the role of the delineated cosmic web/filaments on star formation activity by exploring a sample of 425 narrow-band selected H alpha emitters, as well as 2846 color-color selected underlying star-forming galaxies for a large-scale structure at z = 0.84 in the COSMOS field from the HiZELS survey. Using the scale-independent Multi-scale Morphology Filter algorithm, we are able to quantitatively describe the density field and disentangle it into its major components: fields, filaments, and clusters. We show that the observed median star formation rate (SFR), stellar mass, specific SFR, the mean SFR-mass relation, and its scatter for both H alpha emitters and underlying star-forming galaxies do not strongly depend on different classes of environment, in agreement with previous studies. However, the fraction of H alpha emitters varies with environment and is enhanced in filamentary structures at z similar to 1. We propose mild galaxy-galaxy interactions as the possible physical agent for the elevation of the fraction of H alpha star-forming galaxies in filaments. Our results show that filaments are the likely physical environments that are often classed as the "intermediate" densities and that the cosmic web likely plays a major role in galaxy formation and evolution which has so far been poorly investigated. C1 [Darvish, B.; Mobasher, B.; Sales, L. V.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Sobral, D.] Univ Lisbon, Inst Astrofis & Ciencias Espaco, OAL, PT-1349018 Lisbon, Portugal. [Sobral, D.] Univ Lisbon, Ctr Astron & Astrofis, Observ Astron Lisboa, P-1349018 Lisbon, Portugal. [Sobral, D.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Scoville, N. Z.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Best, P.] Royal Observ, Inst Astron, SUPA, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Sales, L. V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Smail, I.] Univ Durham, Inst Computat Cosmol, Durham DH1 3LE, England. RP Darvish, B (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, 900 Univ Ave, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM bdarv001@ucr.edu RI Sobral, David/C-7919-2014; Smail, Ian/M-5161-2013 OI Sobral, David/0000-0001-8823-4845; Smail, Ian/0000-0003-3037-257X FU LKBF; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific research (NWO); FCT; STFC [ST/L00075X/1]; ERC Advanced Investigator programme DUSTYGAL [321334]; Royal Society/Wolfson Merit Award; [IF/01154/2012/CP0189/CT0010]; [PEst-OE/FIS/UI2751/2014] FX We gratefully thank the referee for thoroughly reading the original manuscript and providing very useful comments that improved the quality of this work. D.S. acknowledges financial support from LKBF, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific research (NWO) through a Veni fellowship, from FCT through an FCT Investigator Starting Grant, a Start-up Grant (IF/01154/2012/CP0189/CT0010), and the grant PEst-OE/FIS/UI2751/2014. B.D. thanks Miguel Aragon-Calvo for his useful comments on an earlier draft. I.S. acknowledges support from STFC (ST/L00075X/1), the ERC Advanced Investigator programme DUSTYGAL 321334, and a Royal Society/Wolfson Merit Award. NR 113 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 1 AR 51 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/1/51 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AS9GD UT WOS:000344550300051 ER PT J AU Hsu, LT Salvato, M Nandra, K Brusa, M Bender, R Buchner, J Donley, JL Kocevski, DD Guo, YC Hathi, NP Rangel, C Willner, SP Brightman, M Georgakakis, A Budavari, T Szalay, AS Ashby, MLN Barro, G Dahlen, T Faber, SM Ferguson, HC Galametz, A Grazian, A Grogin, NA Huang, KH Koekemoer, AM Lucas, RA McGrath, E Mobasher, B Peth, M Rosario, DJ Trump, JR AF Hsu, Li-Ting Salvato, Mara Nandra, Kirpal Brusa, Marcella Bender, Ralf Buchner, Johannes Donley, Jennifer L. Kocevski, Dale D. Guo, Yicheng Hathi, Nimish P. Rangel, Cyprian Willner, S. P. Brightman, Murray Georgakakis, Antonis Budavari, Tamas Szalay, Alexander S. Ashby, Matthew L. N. Barro, Guillermo Dahlen, Tomas Faber, Sandra M. Ferguson, Henry C. Galametz, Audrey Grazian, Andrea Grogin, Norman A. Huang, Kuang-Han Koekemoer, Anton M. Lucas, Ray A. McGrath, Elizabeth Mobasher, Bahram Peth, Michael Rosario, David J. Trump, Jonathan R. TI CANDELS/GOODS-S, CDFS, AND ECDFS: PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS FOR NORMAL AND X-RAY-DETECTED GALAXIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: distances and redshifts; galaxies: photometry; X-rays: galaxies ID DEEP FIELD-SOUTH; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SPACE-TELESCOPE OBSERVATIONS; EXTRAGALACTIC LEGACY SURVEY; POINT-SOURCE CATALOG; FORS DEEP; POPULATION SYNTHESIS; LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS; COSMOS FIELD; TO 2.5 AB We present photometric redshifts and associated probability distributions for all detected sources in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South (ECDFS). This work makes use of the most up-to-date data from the Cosmic Assembly Near-IR Deep Legacy Survey (CANDELS) and the Taiwan ECDFS Near-Infrared Survey (TENIS) in addition to other data. We also revisit multi-wavelength counterparts for published X-ray sources from the 4 Ms CDFS and 250 ks ECDFS surveys, finding reliable counterparts for 1207 out of 1259 sources (similar to 96%). Data used for photometric redshifts include intermediate-band photometry deblended using the TFIT method, which is used for the first time in this work. Photometric redshifts for X-ray source counterparts are based on a new library of active galactic nuclei/galaxy hybrid templates appropriate for the faint X-ray population in the CDFS. Photometric redshift accuracy for normal galaxies is 0.010 and for X-ray sources is 0.014 and outlier fractions are 4% and 5.2%, respectively. The results within the CANDELS coverage area are even better, as demonstrated both by spectroscopic comparison and by galaxy-pair statistics. Intermediate-band photometry, even if shallow, is valuable when combined with deep broadband photometry. For best accuracy, templates must include emission lines. C1 [Hsu, Li-Ting; Salvato, Mara; Nandra, Kirpal; Brusa, Marcella; Bender, Ralf; Buchner, Johannes; Brightman, Murray; Georgakakis, Antonis; Rosario, David J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Brusa, Marcella] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Brusa, Marcella] INAF Osservatorio Astron Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Donley, Jennifer L.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Kocevski, Dale D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Phys & Astron, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Guo, Yicheng; Barro, Guillermo; Faber, Sandra M.; Trump, Jonathan R.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, UCO Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Guo, Yicheng] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Hathi, Nimish P.] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Rangel, Cyprian] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Astrophys Grp, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Willner, S. P.; Ashby, Matthew L. N.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Budavari, Tamas; Szalay, Alexander S.; Peth, Michael] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Dahlen, Tomas; Ferguson, Henry C.; Grogin, Norman A.; Koekemoer, Anton M.; Lucas, Ray A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Galametz, Audrey; Grazian, Andrea] INAF Osservatorio Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Huang, Kuang-Han] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA USA. [McGrath, Elizabeth] Colby Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterville, ME 04901 USA. [Mobasher, Bahram] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Hsu, LT (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr, D-85748 Garching, Germany. RI Georgakakis, Antonis/K-4457-2013; Hathi, Nimish/J-7092-2014; OI Hathi, Nimish/0000-0001-6145-5090; Buchner, Johannes/0000-0003-0426-6634; Georgakakis, Antonis/0000-0002-3514-2442; Koekemoer, Anton/0000-0002-6610-2048 FU NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute; Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA [NAS5-26555]; NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech; FP7 Career Integration Grant "eEASy" [CIG 321913]; [HST GO-12060] FX We are grateful to the referee for constructive comments and to Olivier Ilbert for the help with LePhare. This work was supported by program number HST GO-12060 provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. We also acknowledge the use of the TOPCAT tool (Taylor 2005). This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. Support for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech. M. Brusa acknowledges support from the FP7 Career Integration Grant "eEASy" (CIG 321913). NR 59 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 1 AR 60 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/1/60 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AS9GD UT WOS:000344550300060 ER PT J AU Magdis, GE Rigopoulou, D Hopwood, R Huang, JS Farrah, D Pearson, C Alonso-Herrero, A Bock, JJ Clements, D Cooray, A Griffin, MJ Oliver, S Fournon, IP Riechers, D Swinyard, BM Scott, D Thatte, N Valtchanov, I Vaccari, M AF Magdis, Georgios E. Rigopoulou, D. Hopwood, R. Huang, J. -S. Farrah, D. Pearson, C. Alonso-Herrero, Almudena Bock, J. J. Clements, D. Cooray, A. Griffin, M. J. Oliver, S. Perez Fournon, I. Riechers, D. Swinyard, B. M. Scott, D. Thatte, N. Valtchanov, I. Vaccari, M. TI A FAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY OF INTERMEDIATE REDSHIFT (ULTRA) LUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: star formation; gamma rays: ISM; infrared: galaxies; infrared: general ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; SIMILAR-TO 2; C-II LINE; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SPACE-OBSERVATORY MEASUREMENTS; MOLECULAR INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; ULTRALUMINOUS IRAS GALAXIES; DEEP-FIELD-SOUTH; SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES AB We present Herschel far-IR photometry and spectroscopy as well as ground-based CO observations of an intermediate redshift (0.21 <= z <= 0.88) sample of Herschel-selected (ultra)-luminous infrared galaxies (L-IR > 1011.5 L-circle dot). With these measurements, we trace the dust continuum, far-IR atomic line emission, in particular [C-II] 157.7 mu m, as well as the molecular gas of z similar to 0.3 luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs and ULIRGs) and perform a detailed investigation of the interstellar medium of the population. We find that the majority of Herschel-selected intermediate redshift (U) LIRGs have L-CII/L-FIR ratios that are a factor of about 10 higher than that of local ULIRGs and comparable to that of local normal and high-z star-forming galaxies. Using our sample to bridge local and high-z [C-II] observations, we find that the majority of galaxies at all redshifts and all luminosities follow an L-CII-L-FIR relation with a slope of unity, from which local ULIRGs and high-z active-galactic-nucleus-dominated sources are clear outliers. We also confirm that the strong anti-correlation between the L-CII/L-FIR ratio and the far-IR color L-60/L-100 observed in the local universe holds over a broad range of redshifts and luminosities, in the sense that warmer sources exhibit lower L-CII/L-FIR at any epoch. Intermediate redshift ULIRGs are also characterized by large molecular gas reservoirs and by lower star formation efficiencies compared to that of local ULIRGs. The high L-CII/L-FIR ratios, the moderate star formation efficiencies (L-IR/L-CO' or L-IR/M-H2), and the relatively low dust temperatures of our sample (which are also common characteristics of high-z star-forming galaxies with ULIRG-like luminosities) indicate that the evolution of the physical properties of (U) LIRGs between the present day and z > 1 is already significant by z similar to 0.3. C1 [Magdis, Georgios E.; Rigopoulou, D.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Magdis, Georgios E.; Swinyard, B. M.; Thatte, N.] Natl Observ Athens, Inst Astron Astrophys Space Applicat & Remote Sen, GR-15236 Athens, Greece. [Rigopoulou, D.; Pearson, C.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, RAL Space Sci & Technol Facil Council, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Hopwood, R.; Clements, D.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Huang, J. -S.] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ China, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Huang, J. -S.] Chinese Acad Sci, China Chile Joint Ctr Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Huang, J. -S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Farrah, D.] Virginia Tech, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Pearson, C.] Open Univ, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Alonso-Herrero, Almudena] CSIC UC, Inst Fis Cantabria, E-39006 Santander, Spain. [Bock, J. J.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Bock, J. J.; Cooray, A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Cooray, A.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Griffin, M. J.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Oliver, S.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Perez Fournon, I.] IAC, Tenerife 38200, Spain. [Perez Fournon, I.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofs, E-38205 Tenerife, Spain. [Riechers, D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Swinyard, B. M.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Scott, D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Valtchanov, I.] European Space Astron Ctr, Herschel Sci Ctr, E-28691 Madrid, Spain. [Vaccari, M.] Univ Western Cape, Dept Phys, Astrophys Grp, ZA-7535 Cape Town, South Africa. RP Magdis, GE (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Keble Rd, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. EM ipf@iac.es RI Magdis, Georgios/C-7295-2014; Vaccari, Mattia/R-3431-2016; Alonso-Herrero, Almudena/H-1426-2015 OI Magdis, Georgios/0000-0002-4872-2294; Scott, Douglas/0000-0002-6878-9840; Vaccari, Mattia/0000-0002-6748-0577; Alonso-Herrero, Almudena/0000-0001-6794-2519 FU STFC [ST/K00106X/1]; John Fell Oxford University Press (OUP) Research Fund; University of Oxford; Universidad de Cantabria August G. Linares Programme; INSU/CNRS (France); MPG (Germany); IGN (Spain) FX We warmly thank the referee for constructive comments and suggestions. G.E.M. and D.R. acknowledge support from STFC through grant ST/K00106X/1. G.E.M. acknowledges support from the John Fell Oxford University Press (OUP) Research Fund and the University of Oxford. A.A.-H. acknowledges funding through the Universidad de Cantabria August G. Linares Programme. This work includes observations made with IRAM, which is supported by INSU/CNRS (France), MPG (Germany), and IGN (Spain). Based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the APEX Observatory under programme ID 090.B-0708A and 091.B-0312A. This paper uses data from Herschel's photometer SPIRE. SPIRE has been developed by a consortium of institutes led by Cardiff University (UK) and including: University of Lethbridge (Canada); NAOC (China); CEA, LAM (France); IFSI, Univ. Padua (Italy); IAC (Spain); Stockholm Observatory (Sweden); Imperial College London, RAL, UCL-MSSL, UKATC, Univ. Sussex (UK); and Caltech, JPL, NHSC, University of Colorado (USA). NR 144 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 1 AR 63 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/1/63 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AS9GD UT WOS:000344550300063 ER PT J AU Portillo, SKN Finkbeiner, DP AF Portillo, Stephen K. N. Finkbeiner, Douglas P. TI SHARPER Fermi LAT IMAGES: INSTRUMENT RESPONSE FUNCTIONS FOR AN IMPROVED EVENT SELECTION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma rays: general; methods: data analysis; surveys ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; SPACE-TELESCOPE AB The Large Area Telescope (LAT) on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has a point-spread function (PSF) with large tails, consisting of events affected by tracker inefficiencies, inactive volumes, and hard scattering; these tails can make source confusion a limiting factor. The parameter CTBCORE, available in the publicly available Extended Fermi LAT data (available at http://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/ssc/data/access/), estimates the quality of each event's direction reconstruction; by implementing a cut in this parameter, the tails of the PSF can be suppressed at the cost of losing effective area. We implement cuts on CTBCORE and present updated instrument response functions derived from the Fermi LAT data itself, along with all-sky maps generated with these cuts. Having shown the effectiveness of these cuts, especially at low energies, we encourage their use in analyses where angular resolution is more important than Poisson noise. C1 [Portillo, Stephen K. N.; Finkbeiner, Douglas P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Finkbeiner, Douglas P.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Portillo, SKN (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS-51, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Portillo, Stephen/0000-0001-8132-8056 FU NASA Fermi Guest Investigator Program FX We thank Simona Murgia and Bill Atwood for suggesting the use of the CTBCORE cut. We also thank Eric Charles and Seth Digel for helpful comments. Finally, we thank the Fermi LAT Collaboration for providing the data used in this analysis. D.P.F. is supported in part by the NASA Fermi Guest Investigator Program. This research made use of the NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) and the IDL Astronomy User's Library at Goddard. NR 6 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 1 AR 54 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/1/54 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AS9GD UT WOS:000344550300054 ER PT J AU Primini, FA Kashyap, VL AF Primini, F. A. Kashyap, V. L. TI DETERMINING X-RAY SOURCE INTENSITY AND CONFIDENCE BOUNDS IN CROWDED FIELDS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; methods: statistical; X-rays: general ID CHANDRA; LIMITS AB We present a rigorous description of the general problem of aperture photometry in high-energy astrophysics photon-count images, in which the statistical noise model is Poisson, not Gaussian. We compute the full posterior probability density function for the expected source intensity for various cases of interest, including the important cases in which both source and background apertures contain contributions from the source, and when multiple source apertures partially overlap. A Bayesian approach offers the advantages of allowing one to (1) include explicit prior information on source intensities, (2) propagate posterior distributions as priors for future observations, and (3) use Poisson likelihoods, making the treatment valid in the low-counts regime. Elements of this approach have been implemented in the Chandra Source Catalog. C1 [Primini, F. A.; Kashyap, V. L.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Primini, FA (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM fap@head.cfa.harvard.edu OI Primini, Francis/0000-0002-6077-0643 FU Chandra X-Ray Observatory Center; Chandra grant [AR0-11001X]; National Aeronautics Space Administration [NAS8-03060] FX We thank the anonymous referee for many useful comments and criticisms. We also acknowledge useful discussions with Tom Loredo and members of the CHASC AstroStatistics Collaboration, especially Alanna Connors, David van Dyk, and David Jones. Support for this work was provided by the Chandra X-Ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060. V.L.K. also acknowledges support from Chandra grant AR0-11001X. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 1 AR 24 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/1/24 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AS9GD UT WOS:000344550300024 ER PT J AU Reid, MJ McClintock, JE Steiner, JF Steeghs, D Remillard, RA Dhawan, V Narayan, R AF Reid, M. J. McClintock, J. E. Steiner, J. F. Steeghs, D. Remillard, R. A. Dhawan, V. Narayan, R. TI A PARALLAX DISTANCE TO THE MICROQUASAR GRS 1915+105 AND A REVISED ESTIMATE OF ITS BLACK HOLE MASS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrometry; black hole physics; stars: distances; stars: individual (GRS 1915+105); X-rays: binaries ID RAY BINARY GRS-1915+105; TRIGONOMETRIC PARALLAXES; RELATIVISTIC EJECTIONS; SUPERLUMINAL SOURCE; ACCRETION DISK; JETS; SPIN; INCLINATION; KINEMATICS; MODEL AB Using the Very Long Baseline Array, we have measured a trigonometric parallax for the microquasar GRS 1915+105, which contains a black hole and a K-giant companion. This yields a direct distance estimate of 8.6(-1.6)(+2.0) kpc and a revised estimate for the mass of the black hole of 12.4(-1.8)(+2.0) M-circle dot. GRS 1915+105 is at about the same distance as some HII regions and water masers associated with high-mass star formation in the Sagittarius spiral arm of the Galaxy. The absolute proper motion of GRS 1915+105 is -3.19 +/- 0.03 mas yr(-1) and -6.24 +/- 0.05 mas yr(-1) toward the east and north, respectively, which corresponds to a modest peculiar speed of 22 +/- 24 km s(-1) at the parallax distance, suggesting that the binary did not receive a large velocity kick when the black hole formed. On one observational epoch, GRS 1915+105 displayed superluminal motion along the direction of its approaching jet. Considering previous observations of jet motions, the jet in GRS 1915+105 can be modeled with a jet inclination to the line of sight of 60 degrees +/- 5 degrees and a variable flow speed between 0.65c and 0.81c, which possibly indicates deceleration of the jet at distances from the black hole greater than or similar to 2000 AU. Finally, using our measurements of distance and estimates of black hole mass and inclination, we provisionally confirm our earlier result that the black hole is spinning very rapidly. C1 [Reid, M. J.; McClintock, J. E.; Steiner, J. F.; Narayan, R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Steeghs, D.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Remillard, R. A.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Dhawan, V.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RP Reid, MJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mreid@cfa.harvard.edu OI Narayan, Ramesh/0000-0002-1919-2730; Remillard, Ronald/0000-0003-4815-0481 FU NASA Hubble Fellowship [HST-HF-51315.01]; NASA [NNX11AD08G]; NSF [AST1312651] FX J.F.S. was supported by NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF-51315.01, and the work of J.E.M. was supported in part by NASA grant NNX11AD08G. R.N. was supported in part by NSF grant AST1312651. NR 36 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 1 AR 2 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/1/2 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AS9GD UT WOS:000344550300002 ER PT J AU Wargelin, BJ Kornbleuth, M Martin, PL Juda, M AF Wargelin, B. J. Kornbleuth, M. Martin, P. L. Juda, M. TI OBSERVATION AND MODELING OF GEOCORONAL CHARGE EXCHANGE X-RAY EMISSION DURING SOLAR WIND GUSTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE solar wind; X-rays: diffuse background ID XMM-NEWTON SURVEY; BUBBLE HOT GAS; O VII; SUZAKU; INFERENCES; SPACECRAFT; ORIGIN AB Solar wind charge exchange (SWCX) X-rays are emitted when highly charged solar wind ions such as O7+ collide with neutral gas, including the Earth's tenuous outer atmosphere (exosphere or geocorona) and hydrogen and helium from the local interstellar medium drifting through the heliosphere. This geocoronal and heliospheric emission comprises a significant and varying fraction of the soft X-ray background (SXRB) and is seen in every X-ray observation, with the intensity dependent on solar wind conditions and observation geometry. Under the right conditions, geocoronal emission can increase the apparent SXRB by roughly an order of magnitude for an hour or more. In this work, we study a dozen occasions when the near-Earth solar wind flux was exceptionally high. These gusts of wind lead to abrupt changes in SWCX X-ray emission around Earth, which may or may not be seen by X-ray observatories depending on their line of sight. Using detailed three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical simulations of the solar wind's interaction with the Earth's magnetosphere, and element abundances and ionization states measured by ACE, we model the time-dependent brightness of major geocoronal SWCX emission lines during those gusts and compare with changes in the X-ray background measured by the Chandra X-ray Observatory. We find reasonably good agreement between model and observation, with measured geocoronal line brightnesses averaged over 1 hr of up to 136 photons s(-1) cm(-2) sr(-1) in the O vII K alpha triplet around 564 eV. C1 [Wargelin, B. J.; Kornbleuth, M.; Juda, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Martin, P. L.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. RP Wargelin, BJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Juda, Michael/0000-0002-4375-9688 FU NASA's Chandra X-ray Center Archival Research Program [SP1-12001X]; Smithsonian Institution's Competitive Grants Program for Science; NASA [NAS8-39073] FX This work was supported by NASA's Chandra X-ray Center Archival Research Program under grant SP1-12001X and by the Smithsonian Institution's 2013/2014 Competitive Grants Program for Science. B.W. and M.M. were also supported by NASA contract NAS8-39073 to the CXC. We gratefully acknowledge use of SWICS and SWEPAM data provided by the ACE Science Center (http://www.srl.caltech.edu/ACE/ASC/), Wind data provided by the MIT Space Plasma Group, and magnetosphere simulation results provided by the Community Coordinated Modeling Center at Goddard Space Flight Center. The CCMC is a multi-agency partnership between NASA, AFMC, AFOSR, AFRL, AFWA, NOAA, NSF, and ONR. The SWMF/BATS-R-US model was developed by Tamas Gombosi et al. at the Center for Space Environment Modeling, University of Michigan. We also thank Lutz Rastaetter, Rebekah Evans, and Ofer Cohen for assistance with running and interpreting results from BATS-R-US simulations. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 1 AR 28 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/796/1/28 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AS9GD UT WOS:000344550300028 ER PT J AU Cyganowski, CJ Brogan, CL Hunter, TR Graninger, D Oberg, KI Vasyunin, A Zhang, Q Friesen, R Schnee, S AF Cyganowski, C. J. Brogan, C. L. Hunter, T. R. Graninger, D. Oeberg, K. I. Vasyunin, A. Zhang, Q. Friesen, R. Schnee, S. TI G11.92-0.61-MM2: A BONAFIDE MASSIVE PRESTELLAR CORE? SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE astrochemistry; ISM: individual objects (G11.92-0.61); ISM: molecules; stars: formation; stars: protostars; submillimeter: ISM ID EXTENDED GREEN OBJECTS; COSMIC-RAY IONIZATION; STAR-FORMING REGIONS; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; GLIMPSE SURVEY; WATER MASER; DENSE CORES; CLASS-I; CHEMISTRY AB Core accretion models of massive star formation require the existence of stable massive starless cores, but robust observational examples of such objects have proven elusive. We report subarcsecond-resolution Submillimeter Array (SMA) 1.3 mm, 1.1 mm, and 0.88 mm and Very Large Array 1.3 cm observations of an excellent massive starless core candidate, G11.92-0.61-MM2, initially identified in the course of studies of GLIMPSE Extended Green Objects (EGOs). Separated by similar to 7 ''.2 from the nearby MM1 protostellar hot core, MM2 is a strong, compact dust continuum source (submillimeter spectral index alpha = 2.6 +/- 0.1), but is devoid of star formation indicators. In contrast to MM1, MM2 has no masers, no centimeter continuum, and no (sub) millimeter wavelength line emission in similar to 24 GHz of bandwidth observed with the SMA, including N2H+(3-2), HCO+(3-2), and HCN(3-2). Additionally, there is no evidence for an outflow driven by MM2. The (sub) millimeter spectral energy distribution of MM2 is best fit with a dust temperature of similar to 17-19 K and luminosity of similar to 5-7 L-circle dot. The combined physical properties of MM2, as inferred from its dust continuum emission, are extreme: M greater than or similar to 30 M-circle dot within a radius < 1000 AU, N-H2 > 10(25) cm(-2) and n(H2) > 10(9) cm(-3). Comparison of the molecular abundance limits derived from our SMA observations with gas-grain chemical models indicates that extremely dense (n(H) >> 10(8) cm(-3)), cold (<20 K) conditions are required to explain the lack of observed (sub) millimeter line emission, consistent with the dust continuum results. Our data suggest that G11.92-0.61-MM2 is the best candidate for a bonafide massive prestellar core found to date, and a promising target for future higher-sensitivity observations. C1 [Cyganowski, C. J.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, Scottish Univ Phys Alliance, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Cyganowski, C. J.; Graninger, D.; Oeberg, K. I.; Zhang, Q.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brogan, C. L.; Hunter, T. R.; Schnee, S.] NRAO, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Vasyunin, A.] Univ Leeds, Sch Phys & Astron, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Vasyunin, A.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Vasyunin, A.] Ural Fed Univ, Ekaterinburg, Russia. [Friesen, R.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. RP Cyganowski, CJ (reprint author), Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, Scottish Univ Phys Alliance, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. EM cc243@st-andrews.ac.uk RI Vasyunin, Anton/N-9112-2016; OI Vasyunin, Anton/0000-0003-1684-3355; Hunter, Todd/0000-0001-6492-0090; Friesen, Rachel/0000-0001-7594-8128; Brogan, Crystal/0000-0002-6558-7653; Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589 FU NSF AAPF [AST-1003134]; ERC [PALs 320620] FX Supported by NSF AAPF (C.J.C., AST-1003134) and ERC (A.V., PALs 320620). C.J.C. thanks E. Rosolowsky, K. Rowlands, and A.-M. Weijmans. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD NOV 20 PY 2014 VL 796 IS 1 AR L2 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/796/1/L2 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT0TF UT WOS:000344647000002 ER PT J AU Speiser, DI Pankey, MS Zaharoff, AK Battelle, BA Bracken-Grissom, HD Breinholt, JW Bybee, SM Cronin, TW Garm, A Lindgren, AR Patel, NH Porter, ML Protas, ME Rivera, AS Serb, JM Zigler, KS Crandall, KA Oakley, TH AF Speiser, Daniel I. Pankey, M. Sabrina Zaharoff, Alexander K. Battelle, Barbara A. Bracken-Grissom, Heather D. Breinholt, Jesse W. Bybee, Seth M. Cronin, Thomas W. Garm, Anders Lindgren, Annie R. Patel, Nipam H. Porter, Megan L. Protas, Meredith E. Rivera, Ajna S. Serb, Jeanne M. Zigler, Kirk S. Crandall, Keith A. Oakley, Todd H. TI Using phylogenetically-informed annotation (PIA) to search for light-interacting genes in transcriptomes from non-model organisms SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE Bioinformatics; Eyes; Evolution; Galaxy; Next-generation sequence analysis; Orthology; Phototransduction; Transcriptomes; Vision ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; JELLYFISH TRIPEDALIA-CYSTOPHORA; RETINAL-BINDING PROTEIN; BOX JELLYFISH; ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; OMEGA-CRYSTALLIN; POLARIZATION VISION; SEPIA-OFFICINALIS; SEXUAL-DIMORPHISM AB Background: Tools for high throughput sequencing and de novo assembly make the analysis of transcriptomes (i.e. the suite of genes expressed in a tissue) feasible for almost any organism. Yet a challenge for biologists is that it can be difficult to assign identities to gene sequences, especially from non-model organisms. Phylogenetic analyses are one useful method for assigning identities to these sequences, but such methods tend to be time-consuming because of the need to re-calculate trees for every gene of interest and each time a new data set is analyzed. In response, we employed existing tools for phylogenetic analysis to produce a computationally efficient, tree-based approach for annotating transcriptomes or new genomes that we term Phylogenetically-Informed Annotation (PIA), which places uncharacterized genes into pre-calculated phylogenies of gene families. Results: We generated maximum likelihood trees for 109 genes from a Light Interaction Toolkit (LIT), a collection of genes that underlie the function or development of light-interacting structures in metazoans. To do so, we searched protein sequences predicted from 29 fully-sequenced genomes and built trees using tools for phylogenetic analysis in the Osiris package of Galaxy (an open-source workflow management system). Next, to rapidly annotate transcriptomes from organisms that lack sequenced genomes, we repurposed a maximum likelihood-based Evolutionary Placement Algorithm (implemented in RAxML) to place sequences of potential LIT genes on to our pre-calculated gene trees. Finally, we implemented PIA in Galaxy and used it to search for LIT genes in 28 newly-sequenced transcriptomes from the light-interacting tissues of a range of cephalopod mollusks, arthropods, and cubozoan cnidarians. Our new trees for LIT genes are available on the Bitbucket public repository (http://bitbucket.org/osiris_phylogenetics/pia/) and we demonstrate PIA on a publicly-accessible web server (http://galaxy-dev.cnsi.ucsb.edu/pia/). Conclusions: Our new trees for LIT genes will be a valuable resource for researchers studying the evolution of eyes or other light-interacting structures. We also introduce PIA, a high throughput method for using phylogenetic relationships to identify LIT genes in transcriptomes from non-model organisms. With simple modifications, our methods may be used to search for different sets of genes or to annotate data sets from taxa outside of Metazoa. C1 [Speiser, Daniel I.; Pankey, M. Sabrina; Zaharoff, Alexander K.; Oakley, Todd H.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Speiser, Daniel I.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Battelle, Barbara A.] Univ Florida, Whitney Lab Marine Biosci, St Augustine, FL USA. [Bracken-Grissom, Heather D.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, North Miami, FL USA. [Breinholt, Jesse W.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Bybee, Seth M.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Cronin, Thomas W.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Biol Sci, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Garm, Anders] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Marine Biol Sect, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Lindgren, Annie R.] Portland State Univ, Dept Biol, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Patel, Nipam H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Patel, Nipam H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Porter, Megan L.] Univ S Dakota, Dept Biol, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA. [Protas, Meredith E.] Dominican Univ Calif, Dept Nat Sci & Math, San Rafael, CA USA. [Rivera, Ajna S.] Univ Pacific, Dept Biol, Stockton, CA 95211 USA. [Serb, Jeanne M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA USA. [Zigler, Kirk S.] Sewanee Univ, Dept Biol, Sewanee, TN USA. [Crandall, Keith A.] George Washington Univ, Computat Biol Inst, Ashburn, VA USA. [Crandall, Keith A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Oakley, TH (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM todd.oakley@lifesci.ucsb.edu RI Garm, Anders /K-4362-2014; OI Garm, Anders /0000-0002-2080-735X; Speiser, Daniel/0000-0001-6662-3583; Serb, Jeanne/0000-0003-2112-470X; Crandall, Keith/0000-0002-0836-3389; Pankey, M Sabrina/0000-0002-7061-9613 FU Center for Scientific Computing at the CNSI: an NSF MRSEC [DMR-1121053]; Center for Scientific Computing at the MRL: an NSF MRSEC [DMR-1121053]; NSF [CNS-0960316, EAGER-1045257] FX We acknowledge support from the Center for Scientific Computing at the CNSI and MRL: an NSF MRSEC (DMR-1121053) and NSF CNS-0960316. This work was funded by NSF EAGER-1045257 to THO. We thank Paul Weakliem and the Life Sciences Computing Group (LSCG) for extensive technical assistance. Also, thanks to THO's Macroevolution honors' students, in particular Jacquie Spring and Elmar Aliyev. NR 94 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 21 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD NOV 19 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 350 DI 10.1186/s12859-014-0350-x PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA AY2OA UT WOS:000347428200001 PM 25407802 ER PT J AU Philip, S Martin, RV van Donkelaar, A Lo, JWH Wang, YX Chen, D Zhang, L Kasibhatla, PS Wang, SW Zhang, Q Lu, ZF Streets, DG Bittman, S Macdonald, DJ AF Philip, Sajeev Martin, Randall V. van Donkelaar, Aaron Lo, Jason Wai-Ho Wang, Yuxuan Chen, Dan Zhang, Lin Kasibhatla, Prasad S. Wang, Siwen Zhang, Qiang Lu, Zifeng Streets, David G. Bittman, Shabtai Macdonald, Douglas J. TI Global Chemical Composition of Ambient Fine Particulate Matter for Exposure Assessment SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH; AIR-POLLUTION; UNITED-STATES; MORTALITY; QUALITY; PM2.5; DISEASE; CONSTITUENTS; RETRIEVALS; BURDEN AB Epidemiologic and health impact studies are inhibited by the paucity of global, long-term measurements of the chemical composition of fine particulate matter. We inferred PM2.5 chemical composition at 0.1 degrees x 0.1 degrees spatial resolution for 2004-2008 by combining aerosol optical depth retrieved from the MODIS and MISR satellite instruments, with coincident profile and composition information from the GEOS-Chem global chemical transport model. Evaluation of the satellite-model PM2.5 composition data set with North American in situ measurements indicated significant spatial agreement for secondary inorganic aerosol, particulate organic mass, black carbon, mineral dust, and sea salt. We found that global population-weighted PM2.5 concentrations were dominated by particulate organic mass (11.9 +/- 7.3 mu g/m(3)), secondary inorganic aerosol (11.1 +/- 5.0 mu g/m(3)), and mineral dust (11.1 +/- 7.9 mu g/m(3)). Secondary inorganic PM2.5 concentrations exceeded 30 mu g/m(3) over East China. Sensitivity simulations suggested that population-weighted ambient PM2.5 from biofuel burning (11 mu g/m(3)) could be almost as large as from fossil fuel combustion sources (17 mu g/m(3)). These estimates offer information about global population exposure to the chemical components and sources of PM2.5. C1 [Philip, Sajeev; Martin, Randall V.; van Donkelaar, Aaron; Lo, Jason Wai-Ho] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Martin, Randall V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Wang, Yuxuan] Tsinghua Univ, Inst Global Change Studies, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Minist Educ,Key Lab Earth Syst Modeling, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wang, Siwen] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Joint Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Con, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Qiang] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Chen, Dan] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Zhang, Lin] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Kasibhatla, Prasad S.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Lu, Zifeng; Streets, David G.] Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Bittman, Shabtai] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Agassiz, BC V0M 1A2, Canada. [Macdonald, Douglas J.] Environm Canada, Gatineau, PQ K1A 0H3, Canada. RP Philip, S (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. EM philip.sajeev@dal.ca RI Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014; Zhang, Qiang/D-9034-2012; Martin, Randall/C-1205-2014; Zhang, Lin/A-6729-2008; Chen, Dan/R-4486-2016; OI Martin, Randall/0000-0003-2632-8402; Zhang, Lin/0000-0003-2383-8431; Kasibhatla, Prasad/0000-0003-3562-3737 FU Health Canada; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S. National Institutes of Health; ACEnet Fellowship FX This work was supported by Health Canada, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Sajeev Philip was supported by an ACEnet Fellowship. Computational facilities are partially provided by ACEnet, the regional high performance computing consortium for universities in Atlantic Canada. We are grateful to the MODIS, MISR, CALIOP, AERONET, NAPS, CAPMoN, CASTNET, IMPROVE, EPA-AQS, EMEP, and EANET teams for making their data publicly available. NR 57 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 10 U2 74 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 18 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 22 BP 13060 EP 13068 DI 10.1021/es502965b PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AT9RC UT WOS:000345262900007 PM 25343705 ER PT J AU Miller, MJ Lipshutz, SE Smith, NG Bermingham, E AF Miller, Matthew J. Lipshutz, Sara E. Smith, Neal G. Bermingham, Eldredge TI Genetic and phenotypic characterization of a hybrid zone between polyandrous Northern and Wattled Jacanas in Western Panama SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Contact zone; Sex-role reversal; Simultaneous polyandry; Introgression; Cline width ID ROLE-REVERSED SHOREBIRD; FEMALE CHOICE; SEXUAL SELECTION; MATE PREFERENCE; HYBRIDIZATION; MITOCHONDRIAL; DNA; SPECIATION; EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR AB Background: Hybridization provides a unique perspective into the ecological, genetic and behavioral context of speciation. Hybridization is common in birds, but has not yet been reported among bird species with a simultaneously polyandrous mating system; a mating system where a single female defends a harem of males who provide nearly all parental care. Unlike simple polyandry, polyandrous mating is extremely rare in birds, with only 1% of bird species employing this mating system. Although it is classically held that females are "choosy" in avian hybrid systems, nearly-exclusive male parental care raises the possibility that female selection against heterospecific matings might be reduced compared to birds with other mating systems. Results: We describe a narrow hybrid zone in southwestern Panama between two polyandrous freshwater waders: Northern Jacana, Jacana spinosa and Wattled Jacana, J. jacana. We document coincident cline centers for three phenotypic traits, mtDNA, and one of two autosomal introns. Cline widths for these six markers varied from seven to 142 km, with mtDNA being the narrowest, and five of the six markers having widths less than 100 km. Cline tails were asymmetrical, with greater introgression of J. jacana traits extending westward into the range of J. spinosa. Likewise, within the hybrid zone, the average hybrid index of phenotypic hybrids was significantly biased towards J. spinosa. Species distribution models indicate that the hybrid zone is located at the edge of a roughly 100 km wide overlap where habitat is predicted to be suitable for both species, with more westerly areas suitable only for spinosa and eastward habitats suitable only for J. jacana. Conclusion: The two species of New World jacanas maintain a narrow, and persistent hybrid zone in western Panama. The hybrid zone may be maintained by the behavioral dominance of J. spinosa counterbalanced by unsuitable habitat for J. spinosa east of the contact zone. Although the two parental species are relatively young, mitochondrial cline width was extremely narrow. This result suggests strong selection against maternally-inherited markers, which may indicate either mitonuclear incompatibilities and/or female choice against heterospecific matings typical of avian hybrid systems, despite jacana sex role reversal. C1 [Miller, Matthew J.; Lipshutz, Sara E.; Smith, Neal G.; Bermingham, Eldredge] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Lipshutz, Sara E.] Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Bermingham, Eldredge] Patricia & Phillip Frost Museum Sci, Coconut Grove, FL 33133 USA. RP Miller, MJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. EM millerma@si.edu OI Miller, Matthew/0000-0002-2939-0239 FU NIH/NSF "Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases" award from the Fogarty International Center [3R01-TW005869-05S1]; International Influenza Funds from the Office of the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services; Smithsonian Institution DNA Barcoding Network; Smithsonian Institution Molecular Evolution Postdoctoral Fellowship; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Ernst Mayr Short-term Fellowship FX We thank Panama's Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente (ANAM) for its unwavering support of scientific collecting, without which this study would not have been possible. The STRI Bird Collection has been supported by an NIH/NSF "Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases" award from the Fogarty International Center 3R01-TW005869-05S1 which is supported by International Influenza Funds from the Office of the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services. Additional funding for this project came from the Smithsonian Institution DNA Barcoding Network. During this project, MJM was supported by a Smithsonian Institution Molecular Evolution Postdoctoral Fellowship, and SEL was supported by a Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Ernst Mayr Short-term Fellowship. C Aguilar, M. Gonzalez, O. Lopez, A. Santos, A Ramirez, and D. Buitrago provided considerable support in the field and lab to this project. We thank R. Brumfield, A. Cuervo, O. Puebla, J. Schenk, and three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 29 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2148 J9 BMC EVOL BIOL JI BMC Evol. Biol. PD NOV 15 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 227 DI 10.1186/s12862-014-0227-7 PG 14 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AT9LN UT WOS:000345249000001 PM 25394718 ER PT J AU Polishook, D Moskovitz, N Demeo, FE Binzel, RP AF Polishook, D. Moskovitz, N. DeMeo, F. E. Binzel, R. P. TI Rotationally resolved spectroscopy of asteroid pairs: No spectral variation suggests fission is followed by settling of dust SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Asteroids; Asteroids, rotation; Asteroids, surfaces; Rotational dynamics; Spectroscopy ID NEAR-EARTH ASTEROIDS; MAIN BELT ASTEROIDS; BINARY ASTEROIDS; FRESH SURFACES; ORIGIN; YORP; DISRUPTION; HETEROGENEITY; IRRADIATION; KARIN AB The fission of an asteroid due to fast rotation can expose sub-surface material that was never previously exposed to any space weathering process. We examine the spectral properties of asteroid pairs that were disrupted in the last 2 million years to examine whether the site of the fission can be revealed. We studied the possibility that the sub-surface material, perhaps on one hemisphere, has spectral characteristics differing from the original weathered surface. This was achieved by performing rotationally-resolved spectroscopic observations to look for local variations as the asteroid rotates. We spectrally observed 11 asteroids in pairs in the near-IR and visible wavelength range. Photometric observations were also conducted to derive the asteroid lightcurves and to determine the rotational phases of the spectral observations. We do not detect any rotational spectral variations within the signal-to-noise of our measurements, which allows us to tightly constrain the extent of any existing surface heterogeneity. For each observed spectrum of a longitudinal segment of our measured asteroids, we estimate the maximal size of an un-detected "spot" with a spectral signature different than the average. For five asteroids the maximal diameter of such a "spot" is smaller by a factor of two than the diameter of the secondary member of the asteroid. Therefore, the site of the fission is larger than any area with a unique spectral parameters. This means the site of the fission does not have a unique spectrum. In the case of an ordinary chondrite asteroid (S-complex), where the site of fission is expected to present non-weathered spectra, a lack of a fission "spot" (detectable spectroscopically) can be explained if the rotational-fission process is followed by the spread of dust that re-accumulates on the primary asteroid and covers it homogeneously. This is demonstrated for the young Asteroid 6070 that presents an Sq-type spectrum while its inner material, that is presumably revealed on the surface of its secondary member, 54827, has a non-weathered, Q-type spectrum. The spread of dust observed in the disintegration event of the Asteroid P/2013 R3, might be an example of such a process and an indication that P/2013 R3 was indeed formed in a rotational-fission event. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Polishook, D.; Moskovitz, N.; DeMeo, F. E.; Binzel, R. P.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Moskovitz, N.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [DeMeo, F. E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Polishook, D (reprint author), MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. FU AXA research fund; Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism; NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Program; NASA [NNX12AL26G, HST-HF-51319.01-A, NAS 5-26555]; Space Telescope Science Institute; National Science Foundation [0907766] FX We thank Pierre Vernazza and an anonymous referee for their useful comments. D.P. is grateful to the AXA research fund for their generous postdoctoral fellowship. N.M. acknowledges support from the Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism where the visible wavelength spectral observations were performed. N.M. also acknowledges support from the NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Program. F.E.D. acknowledges support for this work provided by NASA under Grant No. NNX12AL26G issued through the Planetary Astronomy Program and through the Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF-51319.01-A, awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555.; Observations reported here were obtained at the Infrared Telescope Facility, which is operated by the University of Hawaii under Cooperative Agreement NCC 5-538 with NASA, Science Mission Directorate, Planetary Astronomy Program. This paper also includes data gathered with the 6.5 m Magellan Telescopes located at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile and from the Wise Observatory in Israel. Some of this material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0907766. NR 74 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD NOV 15 PY 2014 VL 243 BP 222 EP 235 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.08.010 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT0OO UT WOS:000344635400019 ER PT J AU Irwin, RP Tooth, S Craddock, RA Howard, AD de Latour, AB AF Irwin, Rossman P., III Tooth, Stephen Craddock, Robert A. Howard, Alan D. de Latour, Ana Baptista TI Origin and development of theater-headed valleys in the Atacama Desert, northern Chile: Morphological analogs to martian valley networks SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Mars, surface; Earth; Geological processes ID WESTERN SOUTH-AMERICA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; EARLY MARS; GROUNDWATER SEEPAGE; MARGARITIFER SINUS; EROSION; ROCK; AGE; PRECIPITATION; EVOLUTION AB Understanding planetary landforms, including the theater-headed valleys (box canyons) of Mars, usually depends on interpreting geological processes from remote-sensing data without ground-based corroboration. Here we investigate the origin and development of two Mars-analog theater-headed valleys in the hyperarid Atacama Desert of northern Chile. Previous workers attributed these valleys to groundwater sapping based on remote imaging, topography, and publications on the local geology. We evaluate groundwater sapping and alternative hypotheses using field observations of characteristic features, strength measurements of strata exposed in headscarps, and estimates of ephemeral flood discharges within the valleys. The headscarps lack evidence of recent or active seepage weathering, such as spring discharge, salt weathering, alcoves, or vegetation. Their welded tuff caprocks have compressive strengths multiple times those of the underlying epiclastic strata. Flood discharge estimates of cubic meters to tens of cubic meters per second, derived using the Manning equation, are consistent with the size of transported clasts and show that the ephemeral streams are geomorphically effective, even in the modern hyperarid climate. We interpret that headscarp retreat in the Quebrada de Quisma is due to ephemeral flood erosion of weak Miocene epiclastic strata beneath a strong welded tuff, with erosion of the tuff facilitated by vertical jointing. The Quebrada de Humayani headscarp is interpreted as the scar of a giant landslide, maintained against substantial later degradation by similar strong-over-weak stratigraphy. This work suggests that theater-headed valleys on Earth and Mars should not be attributed by default to groundwater sapping, as other processes with lithologic and structural influences can form theater headscarps. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Irwin, Rossman P., III; Craddock, Robert A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Tooth, Stephen] Aberystwyth Univ, Dept Geog & Earth Sci, Ceredigion SY23 3DB, Wales. [Howard, Alan D.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [de Latour, Ana Baptista] ESRI France, Consultante Grands Comptes, F-92195 Meudon, France. RP Irwin, RP (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, MRC 315,6th St,Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM irwinr@si.edu; set@aber.ac.uk; craddockb@si.edu; ah6p@virginia.edu OI Howard, Alan/0000-0002-5423-1600 FU NASA Mars Fundamental Research Program [NNX07AV46G, NNX13AF10G] FX The NASA Mars Fundamental Research Program funded this study through Grants NNX07AV46G and NNX13AF10G (Smithsonian Institution). The sponsor had no role in the study methodology; collection, analysis and interpretation of data; writing of the paper; or in the decision to submit the article for publication. RPI completed some of this work while working as a visiting scientist at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland. We are grateful to Joel Johnson and an anonymous reviewer for their insightful, constructive comments on the manuscript. NR 83 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 25 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD NOV 15 PY 2014 VL 243 BP 296 EP 310 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.08.012 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT0OO UT WOS:000344635400025 ER PT J AU Hurley-Walker, N Morgan, J Wayth, RB Hancock, PJ Bell, ME Bernardi, G Bhat, R Briggs, F Deshpande, AA Ewall-Wice, A Feng, L Hazelton, BJ Hindson, L Jacobs, DC Kaplan, DL Kudryavtseva, N Lenc, E McKinley, B Mitchell, D Pindor, B Procopio, P Oberoi, D Offringa, A Ord, S Riding, J Bowman, JD Cappallo, R Corey, B Emrich, D Gaensler, BM Goeke, R Greenhill, L Hewitt, J Johnston-Hollitt, M Kasper, J Kratzenberg, E Lonsdale, C Lynch, M McWhirter, R Morales, MF Morgan, E Prabu, T Rogers, A Roshi, A Shankar, U Srivani, K Subrahmanyan, R Tingay, S Waterson, M Webster, R Whitney, A Williams, A Williams, C AF Hurley-Walker, Natasha Morgan, John Wayth, Randall B. Hancock, Paul J. Bell, Martin E. Bernardi, Gianni Bhat, Ramesh Briggs, Frank Deshpande, Avinash A. Ewall-Wice, Aaron Feng, Lu Hazelton, Bryna J. Hindson, Luke Jacobs, Daniel C. Kaplan, David L. Kudryavtseva, Nadia Lenc, Emil McKinley, Benjamin Mitchell, Daniel Pindor, Bart Procopio, Pietro Oberoi, Divya Offringa, Andre Ord, Stephen Riding, Jennifer Bowman, Judd D. Cappallo, Roger Corey, Brian Emrich, David Gaensler, B. M. Goeke, Robert Greenhill, Lincoln Hewitt, Jacqueline Johnston-Hollitt, Melanie Kasper, Justin Kratzenberg, Eric Lonsdale, Colin Lynch, Mervyn McWhirter, Russell Morales, Miguel F. Morgan, Edward Prabu, Thiagaraj Rogers, Alan Roshi, Anish Shankar, Udaya Srivani, K. Subrahmanyan, Ravi Tingay, Steven Waterson, Mark Webster, Rachel Whitney, Alan Williams, Andrew Williams, Chris TI The Murchison Widefield Array Commissioning Survey: A Low-Frequency Catalogue of 14 110 Compact Radio Sources over 6 100 Square Degrees SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF AUSTRALIA LA English DT Article DE radio continuum: general; surveys; techniques: interferometric ID SOUTHERN SKY; IMAGING SURVEY; FIELD; MHZ; WESTERBORK; VLA; FOREGROUNDS; ALGORITHM; PROTOTYPE; LATITUDE AB We present the results of an approximately 6 100 deg(2) 104-196 MHz radio sky survey performed with the Murchison Widefield Array during instrument commissioning between 2012 September and 2012 December: the MWACS. The data were taken as meridian drift scans with two different 32-antenna sub-arrays that were available during the commissioning period. The survey covers approximately 20.5 h< RA < 8.5 h, -58 degrees < Dec < -14 degrees over three frequency bands centred on 119, 150 and 180 MHz, with image resolutions of 6-3 arcmin. The catalogue has 3 arcmin angular resolution and a typical noise level of 40 mJy beam(-1), with reduced sensitivity near the field boundaries and bright sources. We describe the data reduction strategy, based upon mosaicked snapshots, flux density calibration, and source-finding method. We present a catalogue of flux density and spectral index measurements for 14 110 sources, extracted from the mosaic, 1 247 of which are sub-components of complexes of sources. C1 [Hurley-Walker, Natasha; Morgan, John; Wayth, Randall B.; Hancock, Paul J.; Bhat, Ramesh; Kudryavtseva, Nadia; Ord, Stephen; Emrich, David; Lynch, Mervyn; Tingay, Steven; Waterson, Mark; Williams, Andrew] Curtin Univ, ICRAR, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Wayth, Randall B.; Bell, Martin E.; Briggs, Frank; Lenc, Emil; McKinley, Benjamin; Pindor, Bart; Procopio, Pietro; Offringa, Andre; Ord, Stephen; Riding, Jennifer; Gaensler, B. M.; Subrahmanyan, Ravi; Tingay, Steven; Webster, Rachel] ARC, Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Redfern, NSW, Australia. [Bell, Martin E.; Lenc, Emil; Gaensler, B. M.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, SIfA, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Bernardi, Gianni] SKA SA, ZA-7405 Pinelands, South Africa. [Bernardi, Gianni] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys Elect, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Bernardi, Gianni; Greenhill, Lincoln] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA. [Briggs, Frank; McKinley, Benjamin; Offringa, Andre; Waterson, Mark] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Mt Stromlo Observ, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Deshpande, Avinash A.; Prabu, Thiagaraj; Shankar, Udaya; Srivani, K.; Subrahmanyan, Ravi] Raman Res Inst, Bangalore 560080, Karnataka, India. [Ewall-Wice, Aaron; Feng, Lu; Hewitt, Jacqueline; Morgan, Edward; Williams, Chris] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Hazelton, Bryna J.; Morales, Miguel F.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hindson, Luke; Johnston-Hollitt, Melanie] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington, New Zealand. [Jacobs, Daniel C.; Bowman, Judd D.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA. [Kaplan, David L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Mitchell, Daniel] CSIRO, Astron & Space Sci CASS, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Pindor, Bart; Procopio, Pietro; Riding, Jennifer; Webster, Rachel] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Oberoi, Divya] Nat Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune, Maharashtra, India. [Cappallo, Roger; Corey, Brian; Goeke, Robert; Kratzenberg, Eric; Lonsdale, Colin; McWhirter, Russell; Rogers, Alan; Waterson, Mark; Whitney, Alan] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Roshi, Anish] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, WV USA. RP Hurley-Walker, N (reprint author), Curtin Univ, ICRAR, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. EM nhw@icrar.org RI Williams, Andrew/K-2931-2013; M, Manjunath/N-4000-2014; Deshpande, Avinash/D-4868-2012; Wayth, Randall/B-2444-2013; Hurley-Walker, Natasha/B-9520-2013; Emrich, David/B-7002-2013; Subrahmanyan, Ravi/D-4889-2012; OI Hancock, Paul/0000-0002-4203-2946; Williams, Andrew/0000-0001-9080-0105; Lenc, Emil/0000-0002-9994-1593; Kudryavtseva, Nadia/0000-0002-1372-0942; M, Manjunath/0000-0001-8710-0730; Wayth, Randall/0000-0002-6995-4131; Hurley-Walker, Natasha/0000-0002-5119-4808; Emrich, David/0000-0002-4058-1837; /0000-0002-0086-7363; Gaensler, Bryan/0000-0002-3382-9558 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER-0847753, AST-0908884]; Australian Research Council (LIEF grants) [LE0775621, LE0882938]; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-0510247]; Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence) [CE110001020]; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; MIT School of Science; Raman Research Institute; Australian National University; Victoria University of Wellington (New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development and an IBM Shared University Research Grant); Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy; Education Investment Fund; Australia India Strategic Research Fund; Astronomy Australia Limited; Western Australian State government; [MED-E1799] FX This scientific work makes use of the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory, operated by CSIRO. We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the Observatory site. Support for the MWA comes from the U.S. National Science Foundation (grants AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER-0847753, and AST-0908884), the Australian Research Council (LIEF grants LE0775621 and LE0882938), the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (grant FA9550-0510247), and the Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence funded by grant CE110001020). Support is also provided by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, the MIT School of Science, the Raman Research Institute, the Australian National University, and the Victoria University of Wellington (via grant MED-E1799 from the New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development and an IBM Shared University Research Grant). The Australian Federal government provides additional support via the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy, Education Investment Fund, and the Australia India Strategic Research Fund, and Astronomy Australia Limited, under contract to Curtin University. We acknowledge the iVEC Petabyte Data Store, the Initiative in Innovative Computing and the CUDA Center for Excellence sponsored by NVIDIA at Harvard University, and the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), a Joint Venture of Curtin University and The University of Western Australia, funded by the Western Australian State government. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 38 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 1323-3580 EI 1448-6083 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC AUST JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Aust. PD NOV 14 PY 2014 VL 31 DI 10.1017/pasa.2014.40 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AZ8XR UT WOS:000348495600002 ER PT J AU Saarela, JM Peterson, PM Valdes-Reyna, J AF Saarela, Jeffery M. Peterson, Paul M. Valdes-Reyna, Jesus TI A taxonomic revision of Bromus (Poaceae: Pooideae: Bromeae) in Mexico and Central America SO PHYTOTAXA LA English DT Article ID TECTORUM POACEAE; CHROMOSOME-NUMBERS; GENETIC-VARIATION; SECTION GENEA; UNITED-STATES; CERATOCHLOA GERMPLASM; COMPLEX POACEAE; NORTH-AMERICA; DNA; DIFFERENTIATION AB A taxonomic treatment of Bromus in Mexico and Central America is presented. Twenty-two species and one variety are recognized in the region. Twelve of these species are native, and ten are adventive and introduced. Bromus section Mexibromus is newly described, representing a distinct lineage in molecular studies of the genus. It includes two species endemic to Mexico (B. attenuatus, B. densus) and one endemic to Mexico and Guatemala (B. dolichocarpus), distinguished from species in other Bromus sections by their 3(-5)-nerved lemmas. Bromus pinetorum is a poorly understood species of Bromus sect. Bromopsis endemic to Coahuila. Taxa that have been variously treated in the past are discussed in detail. Bromus mucroglumis and B. thysanoglottis are treated as synonyms of B. richardsonii, and B. meyeri is treated as a synonym of B. anomalus. Two varieties are recognized in B. carinatus, B. carinatus var. carinatus and B. carinatus var. marginatus. Lectotypes are designated for the names B. carinatus var. californicus, B. hookeri var. schlechtendalii, B. trinii, B. trinii var. pallidiflorus and B. trinii var. stricta. A second-step neotype is designated for B. rigidus. Keys for determining the species in English and Spanish, descriptions, synonymies, illustrations, distribution maps, comments and lists of all specimens examined are provided for each species. C1 [Saarela, Jeffery M.] Canadian Museum Nat, Res & Collect Serv, Bot Sect, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, Canada. [Peterson, Paul M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Valdes-Reyna, Jesus] Univ Autonoma Agraria Antonio Narro Buenavista, Dept Bot, Saltillo 25315, Coahuila, Mexico. RP Saarela, JM (reprint author), Canadian Museum Nat, Res & Collect Serv, Bot Sect, POB 3443,Stn D, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, Canada. EM jsaarela@mus-nature.ca; peterson@si.edu; jvaldes@uaaan.mx FU National Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration [8848-10, 8087-06]; Smithsonian Institution's Restricted Endowments Fund; Scholarly Studies Program; Research Opportunities, Atherton Seidell Foundation; Biodiversity Surveys and Inventories Program; Small Grants Program; Canadian Museum of Nature FX We thank the National Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration (Grant No. 8848-10, 8087-06), the Smithsonian Institution's Restricted Endowments Fund, the Scholarly Studies Program, Research Opportunities, Atherton Seidell Foundation, Biodiversity Surveys and Inventories Program and Small Grants Program, and the Canadian Museum of Nature, all for financial support. Micheline Bouchard and Jennifer Doubt (CAN) facilitated loans, and we are grateful to the curators of the herbaria from which loans were obtained, and to Laura Crumbacher who provided digital images from ARIZ. Paul Sokoloff helped prepare the illustrations for publication. Rich Rabeler (MICH), Alan Prather (MSC) and Jon Rebman (SD) provided permission to publish images of specimens from their respective herbaria. Richard Felger provided information on Bromus arizonicus. We are grateful to Yolanda Herrera Arrieta and M. Soccoro Gonzalez-Elizondo for their generous hospitality during our numerous field trips to Mexico. We would also like to acknowledge two anonymous reviewers for suggesting improvements to the manuscript. NR 338 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1179-3155 EI 1179-3163 J9 PHYTOTAXA JI Phytotaxa PD NOV 14 PY 2014 VL 185 IS 1 BP 1 EP 147 PG 147 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AY4IJ UT WOS:000347541100001 ER PT J AU Muller, A Schippers, S Esteves-Macaluso, D Habibi, M Aguilar, A Kilcoyne, ALD Phaneuf, RA Ballance, CP McLaughlin, BM AF Mueller, A. Schippers, S. Esteves-Macaluso, D. Habibi, M. Aguilar, A. Kilcoyne, A. L. D. Phaneuf, R. A. Ballance, C. P. McLaughlin, B. M. TI Valence-shell photoionization of Ag-like Xe7+ ions: experiment and theory SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE photoionization; xenon ions; cross sections; experiment; theory ID ELECTRON-IMPACT EXCITATION; SINGLY-CHARGED XE; R-MATRIX METHOD; 4D PHOTOIONIZATION; ENERGY REGION; SCATTERING; KRYPTON AB We report on experimental and theoretical results for the photoionization of Ag-like xenon ions, Xe7+, in the photon energy range 95-145 eV. The measurements were carried out at the Advanced Light Source at an energy resolution of Delta E = 65 meV with additional measurements made at Delta E = 28 meV and 39 meV. Small resonance features below the ground-state ionization threshold, at about 106 eV, are due to the presence of metastable Xe7+(4d(10)4f F-2 degrees(5/2, 7/2)) ions in the ion beam. On the basis of the accompanying theoretical calculations using the Dirac atomic R-matrix codes (DARC), an admixture of only a few percent of metastable ions in the parent ion beam is inferred, with almost 100% of the parent ions in the (4d(10)5s S-2(1/2)) ground level. The cross section is dominated by a very strong resonance associated with 4d -> 5f excitation and subsequent autoionization. This prominent feature in the measured spectrum is the 4d(9)5s5f(2)P degrees resonance located at (122.139 +/- 0.01) eV. An absolute peak cross section of 1.2 Gigabarns was measured at 38 meV energy resolution. The experimental natural width Gamma = 76 +/- 3 meV of this resonance compares well with the theoretical estimate of 88 meV obtained from the DARC calculation with 249 target states. Given the complexity of the system, overall satisfactory agreement between theory and experiment is obtained for the photon energy region investigated. C1 [Mueller, A.; Schippers, S.] Univ Giessen, Inst Atom & Mol Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Esteves-Macaluso, D.; Aguilar, A.; Kilcoyne, A. L. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Esteves-Macaluso, D.; Habibi, M.; Phaneuf, R. A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Ballance, C. P.] Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Allison Lab 206, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [McLaughlin, B. M.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, CTAMOP, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [McLaughlin, B. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Muller, A (reprint author), Univ Giessen, Inst Atom & Mol Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. EM Alfred.Mueller@iamp.physik.uni-giessen.de; b.mclaughlin@qub.ac.uk RI Muller, Alfred/A-3548-2009; Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013; Schippers, Stefan/A-7786-2008 OI Muller, Alfred/0000-0002-0030-6929; Schippers, Stefan/0000-0002-6166-7138 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Mu 1068/10]; US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC03-76SF-00098, DE-FG02-03ER15424]; US Department of Energy (DoE) through Auburn University; US National Science Foundation; Queen's University Belfast; National Science Foundation [OCI-1053575]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We acknowledge support by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under project number Mu 1068/10 as well as by the US Department of Energy (DOE) under contract DE-AC03-76SF-00098 and grant DE-FG02-03ER15424. C P Ballance was supported by US Department of Energy (DoE) grants through Auburn University. B M McLaughlin acknowledges support by the US National Science Foundation through a grant to ITAMP at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, a visiting research fellowship (VRF) from Queen's University Belfast and the hospitality of AM, SS and the University of Giessen. The computational work was carried out at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center in Oakland, CA, USA, the Kraken XT5 facility at the National Institute for Computational Science (NICS) in Knoxville, TN, USA and at the High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (HLRS) of the University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany. The Kraken XT5 facility is a resource of the Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), which is supported by National Science Foundation grant number OCI-1053575. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 44 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 EI 1361-6455 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD NOV 14 PY 2014 VL 47 IS 21 AR 215202 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/47/21/215202 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA AS8KH UT WOS:000344497400009 ER PT J AU Lee, TE Chan, CK Yelin, SF AF Lee, Tony E. Chan, Ching-Kit Yelin, Susanne F. TI Dissipative phase transitions: Independent versus collective decay and spin squeezing SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-SYSTEMS; STEADY-STATE; SUPERRADIANCE; ATOMS AB We study the XY model with infinite-range interactions (Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model) in the presence of dissipation from spontaneous decay. We show that independent and collective decay lead to qualitatively different phase transitions of the steady state, even though the phase boundary is the same. Independent decay leads to a second-order phase transition to a ferromagnet, while collective decay leads to a first-order transition to a time-dependent oscillatory phase. Then we show that the addition of a drive leads to infinite spin squeezing for collective decay in the thermodynamic limit. Our results can be experimentally seen in trapped-ion and cavity-QED experiments. C1 [Lee, Tony E.; Chan, Ching-Kit; Yelin, Susanne F.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lee, Tony E.; Chan, Ching-Kit; Yelin, Susanne F.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Yelin, Susanne F.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Phys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Lee, TE (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. FU NSF FX We thank Monika Schleier-Smith and Florentin Reiter for useful comments. This work was supported by NSF. NR 54 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD NOV 13 PY 2014 VL 90 IS 5 AR 052109 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.90.052109 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA CA2WQ UT WOS:000348766800001 ER PT J AU Yumnam, B Jhala, YV Qureshi, Q Maldonado, JE Gopal, R Saini, S Srinivas, Y Fleischer, RC AF Yumnam, Bibek Jhala, Yadvendradev V. Qureshi, Qamar Maldonado, Jesus E. Gopal, Rajesh Saini, Swati Srinivas, Y. Fleischer, Robert C. TI Prioritizing Tiger Conservation through Landscape Genetics and Habitat Linkages SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RECENT POPULATION BOTTLENECKS; ALLELE FREQUENCY DATA; PANTHERA-TIGRIS; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPES; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; INDIVIDUAL IDENTIFICATION; EMPIRICAL-EVALUATION; PATERNITY INFERENCE; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; ANIMAL POPULATIONS AB Even with global support for tiger (Panthera tigris) conservation their survival is threatened by poaching, habitat loss and isolation. Currently about 3,000 wild tigers persist in small fragmented populations within seven percent of their historic range. Identifying and securing habitat linkages that connect source populations for maintaining landscape-level gene flow is an important long-term conservation strategy for endangered carnivores. However, habitat corridors that link regional tiger populations are often lost to development projects due to lack of objective evidence on their importance. Here, we use individual based genetic analysis in combination with landscape permeability models to identify and prioritize movement corridors across seven tiger populations within the Central Indian Landscape. By using a panel of 11 microsatellites we identified 169 individual tigers from 587 scat and 17 tissue samples. We detected four genetic clusters within Central India with limited gene flow among three of them. Bayesian and likelihood analyses identified 17 tigers as having recent immigrant ancestry. Spatially explicit tiger occupancy obtained from extensive landscape-scale surveys across 76,913 km(2) of forest habitat was found to be only 21,290 km(2). After accounting for detection bias, the covariates that best explained tiger occupancy were large, remote, dense forest patches; large ungulate abundance, and low human footprint. We used tiger occupancy probability to parameterize habitat permeability for modeling habitat linkages using least-cost and circuit theory pathway analyses. Pairwise genetic differences (F-ST) between populations were better explained by modeled linkage costs (r>0.5, p<0.05) compared to Euclidean distances, which was in consonance with observed habitat fragmentation. The results of our study highlight that many corridors may still be functional as there is evidence of contemporary migration. Conservation efforts should provide legal status to corridors, use smart green infrastructure to mitigate development impacts, and restore habitats where connectivity has been lost. C1 [Yumnam, Bibek; Jhala, Yadvendradev V.; Qureshi, Qamar; Saini, Swati; Srinivas, Y.] Wildlife Inst India, Dehra Dun 248001, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Maldonado, Jesus E.; Fleischer, Robert C.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC USA. [Maldonado, Jesus E.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Gopal, Rajesh] Natl Tiger Conservat Author, New Delhi 110011, India. RP Jhala, YV (reprint author), Wildlife Inst India, Dehra Dun 248001, Uttar Pradesh, India. EM jhalay@wii.gov.in FU National Tiger Conservation Authority; Fulbright Fellowship; Wildlife Institute of India FX Funding provided by the National Tiger Conservation Authority: YVJ QQ, Fulbright Fellowship: BY, Wildlife Institute of India: YVJ BY. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 148 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 87 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 13 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 11 AR UNSP e111207 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0111207 PG 28 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AY6YT UT WOS:000347709300012 PM 25393234 ER PT J AU Holtz, TR AF Holtz, Thomas R., Jr. TI Mystery of the horrible hands solved SO NATURE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Holtz, Thomas R., Jr.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Holtz, Thomas R., Jr.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Holtz, TR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM tholtz@umd.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 12 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD NOV 13 PY 2014 VL 515 IS 7526 BP 203 EP + PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AT0MZ UT WOS:000344631400034 PM 25337885 ER PT J AU Stonis, JR Diskus, A Rociene, A Sruoga, V Davis, DR AF Stonis, Jonas R. Diskus, Arunas Rociene, Agne Sruoga, Virginijus Davis, Donald R. TI New and little known Coptotriche and Tischeria species (Lepidoptera: Tischeriidae) from Primorskiy Kray, Russian Far East SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Coptotriche; new species; Primorskiy Kray; Russian Far East; Tischeria; Tischeriidae ID TROPICAL FOREST; SP N.; INSECTA; CHECKLIST; BELIZE AB The paper provides data on two new and two little known Coptotriche Walsingham and Tischeria Zeller species from Primorskiy Kray (= Primorskiy Territory), Russian Far East: Coptotriche minuta Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov., Tischeria unca Diskus & Stonis, sp. nov. are described, T. decidua siorkionla Kozlov and T. sichotensis Ermolaev are redescribed. Currently, together with the described new species, the fauna of Tischeridae of Far Eastern Russia comprises three Coptotriche species and seven Tischeria species. A neotype, replacing the missing type series of T. sichotensis, is designated here. For the first time all four species treated from Russian Far East are illustrated with photographs of the adults and genitalia (T. sichotensis also with photographs of the leaf-mines). C1 [Stonis, Jonas R.; Diskus, Arunas; Rociene, Agne; Sruoga, Virginijus] Lithuanian Univ Educ Sci, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania. [Stonis, Jonas R.; Diskus, Arunas; Rociene, Agne; Sruoga, Virginijus] Lithuanian Univ Educ Sci, Fac Sci & Technol, Inst Sci Res, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania. [Davis, Donald R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Stonis, JR (reprint author), Lithuanian Univ Educ Sci, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, Studentu St 39, LT-08106 Vilnius, Lithuania. EM stonis@leu.lt FU Science Foundation of the Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences (Vilnius) FX We are very grateful to Sergej Yu. Sinev (Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg) and M. M. Omelko (Gornotayezhnoe Biological Station, the Far Eastern Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok) for providing the collecting permits and various assistance during the fieldwork in Gornotayezhnoe in 2011. The authors are grateful to Jean-Francois Landry (Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa) and anonymous referees for their corrections and suggestions. For support the first author thanks the Science Foundation of the Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences (Vilnius). NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD NOV 13 PY 2014 VL 3884 IS 2 BP 141 EP 155 PG 15 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AS9YZ UT WOS:000344595500003 PM 25543773 ER PT J AU Mumm, CAS Knornschild, M AF Mumm, Christina A. S. Knoernschild, Mirjam TI The Vocal Repertoire of Adult and Neonate Giant Otters (Pteronura brasiliensis) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COMMUNICATIVE COMPLEXITY; SOCIAL COMPLEXITY; PUP VOCALIZATIONS; RIVER OTTERS; ALARM CALLS; GROUP-SIZE; BODY-SIZE; MUSTELIDAE; EVOLUTION; CARNIVORA AB Animals use vocalizations to exchange information about external events, their own physical or motivational state, or about individuality and social affiliation. Infant babbling can enhance the development of the full adult vocal repertoire by providing ample opportunity for practice. Giant otters are very social and frequently vocalizing animals. They live in highly cohesive groups, generally including a reproductive pair and their offspring born in different years. This basic social structure may vary in the degree of relatedness of the group members. Individuals engage in shared group activities and different social roles and thus, the social organization of giant otters provides a basis for complex and long-term individual relationships. We recorded and analysed the vocalizations of adult and neonate giant otters from wild and captive groups. We classified the adult vocalizations according to their acoustic structure, and described their main behavioural context. Additionally, we present the first description of vocalizations uttered in babbling bouts of new born giant otters. We expected to find 1) a sophisticated vocal repertoire that would reflect the species' complex social organisation, 2) that giant otter vocalizations have a clear relationship between signal structure and function, and 3) that the vocal repertoire of new born giant otters would comprise agespecific vocalizations as well as precursors of the adult repertoire. We found a vocal repertoire with 22 distinct vocalization types produced by adults and 11 vocalization types within the babbling bouts of the neonates. A comparison within the otter subfamily suggests a relation between vocal and social complexity, with the giant otters being the socially and vocally most complex species. C1 [Mumm, Christina A. S.] Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Knoernschild, Mirjam] Univ Ulm, Fac Nat Sci, Inst Expt Ecol, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Knoernschild, Mirjam] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Mumm, CAS (reprint author), Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. EM Christina.mumm@uni-ulm.de OI Higgs, Dennis/0000-0002-0771-4642 FU German Academic Exchange Service [D/10/520]; Landesgraduiertenforderung Baden-Wurttemberg [1104] FX The German Academic Exchange Service (https://www.daad.de/de/index.html) granted a short time stipend for graduate students to CASM, D/10/520, which covered the travelling expenses for the data collection in Peru from September 12th to December 8th in 2011. The Landesgraduiertenforderung Baden-Wurttemberg (https://www.studieninfo-bw.de/studieren/studienfinanzierung/stipendien/ leistungsstipendien/landesgraduiertenfoerderung/) is funding the graduate study of CASM, funding number 1104, 2012-2014. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 95 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 12 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 11 AR e112562 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0112562 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CA8CP UT WOS:000349144400100 PM 25391142 ER PT J AU Sohn, JC AF Sohn, Jae-Cheon TI Three new species of Spiladarcha Meyrick, 1913 (Lepidoptera: Urodidae) from Costa Rica SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Lepidoptera; Urodoidea; Urodidae; Spiladarcha; new species; Costa Rica AB Three new species of Spiladarcha are described from Costa Rica, including S. puravida n. sp., S. septifera n. sp., and S. tuberculata n. sp. The genus Spiladarcha is reported from Costa Rica for the first time. Synapomorphies of Spiladarcha are revised. Photos of adult habitus and genitalia of known sexes are provided. C1 [Sohn, Jae-Cheon] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Sohn, Jae-Cheon] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Sohn, JC (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Smithsonian Inst, 10th & Constitutn NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM jsohn@umd.edu FU Explorers Club; U.S. National Science Foundation's Assembling the Tree of Life program [0531769]; Washington Group's Exploration and Field Research Grants FX I thank Jean-Francois Landry (Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa) for reviewing an early draft, Kenji Nishida (Escuela de Biologia, Universidad de Costa Rica) for helping my work in Costa Rica, and Jose Montero and Alvaro Herrera (Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Santo Domingo de Heredia, Costa Rica) for allowing me to study their collection. Fieldwork and museum visits in Costa Rica were supported by the Explorers Club, Washington Group's Exploration and Field Research Grants (2007), and the U.S. National Science Foundation's Assembling the Tree of Life program, award number 0531769. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD NOV 12 PY 2014 VL 3884 IS 1 BP 73 EP 80 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AS8UW UT WOS:000344524300006 PM 25543767 ER PT J AU Muscarella, R Uriarte, M Erickson, DL Swenson, NG Zimmerman, JK Kress, WJ AF Muscarella, Robert Uriarte, Maria Erickson, David L. Swenson, Nathan G. Zimmerman, Jess K. Kress, W. John TI A Well-Resolved Phylogeny of the Trees of Puerto Rico Based on DNA Barcode Sequence Data SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; MISSING DATA; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; LOCAL-COMMUNITIES; TRAIT EVOLUTION; LAND PLANTS; FOREST; DIVERSITY; ECOLOGY; ACCURACY AB Background: The use of phylogenetic information in community ecology and conservation has grown in recent years. Two key issues for community phylogenetics studies, however, are (i) low terminal phylogenetic resolution and (ii) arbitrarily defined species pools. Methodology/principal findings: We used three DNA barcodes (plastid DNA regions rbcL, matK, and trnH-psbA) to infer a phylogeny for 527 native and naturalized trees of Puerto Rico, representing the vast majority of the entire tree flora of the island (89%). We used a maximum likelihood (ML) approach with and without a constraint tree that enforced monophyly of recognized plant orders. Based on 50% consensus trees, the ML analyses improved phylogenetic resolution relative to a comparable phylogeny generated with PHYLOMATIC (proportion of internal nodes resolved: constrained ML = 74%, unconstrained ML = 68%, PHYLOMATIC = 52%). We quantified the phylogenetic composition of 15 protected forests in Puerto Rico using the constrained ML and PHYLOMATIC phylogenies. We found some evidence that tree communities in areas of high water stress were relatively phylogenetically clustered. Reducing the scale at which the species pool was defined (from island to soil types) changed some of our results depending on which phylogeny (ML vs. PHYLOMATIC) was used. Overall, the increased terminal resolution provided by the ML phylogeny revealed additional patterns that were not observed with a less-resolved phylogeny. Conclusions/significance: With the DNA barcode phylogeny presented here (based on an island-wide species pool), we show that a more fully resolved phylogeny increases power to detect nonrandom patterns of community composition in several Puerto Rican tree communities. Especially if combined with additional information on species functional traits and geographic distributions, this phylogeny will (i) facilitate stronger inferences about the role of historical processes in governing the assembly and composition of Puerto Rican forests, (ii) provide insight into Caribbean biogeography, and (iii) aid in incorporating evolutionary history into conservation planning. C1 [Muscarella, Robert; Uriarte, Maria] Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Erickson, David L.; Kress, W. John] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Swenson, Nathan G.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Zimmerman, Jess K.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Environm Sci, San Juan, PR 00925 USA. RP Muscarella, R (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM bob.muscarella@gmail.com FU NSF DEB [1050957, 1311367]; Smithsonian Institution FX This work was supported by NSF DEB 1050957 to MU, NSF DEB 1311367 to MU and RM, and the Smithsonian Institution. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 91 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 48 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 11 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 11 AR e112843 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0112843 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AT9MC UT WOS:000345250400096 PM 25386879 ER PT J AU Renner, SC Gossner, MM Kahl, T Kalko, EKV Weisser, WW Fischer, M Allan, E AF Renner, Swen C. Gossner, Martin M. Kahl, Tiemo Kalko, Elisabeth K. V. Weisser, Wolfgang W. Fischer, Markus Allan, Eric TI Temporal Changes in Randomness of Bird Communities across Central Europe SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LAND-USE INTENSIFICATION; DETECTION PROBABILITIES; FOREST FRAGMENTATION; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; HABITAT; DIVERSITY; QUALITY AB Many studies have examined whether communities are structured by random or deterministic processes, and both are likely to play a role, but relatively few studies have attempted to quantify the degree of randomness in species composition. We quantified, for the first time, the degree of randomness in forest bird communities based on an analysis of spatial autocorrelation in three regions of Germany. The compositional dissimilarity between pairs of forest patches was regressed against the distance between them. We then calculated the y-intercept of the curve, i.e. the 'nugget', which represents the compositional dissimilarity at zero spatial distance. We therefore assume, following similar work on plant communities, that this represents the degree of randomness in species composition. We then analysed how the degree of randomness in community composition varied over time and with forest management intensity, which we expected to reduce the importance of random processes by increasing the strength of environmental drivers. We found that a high portion of the bird community composition could be explained by chance (overall mean of 0.63), implying that most of the variation in local bird community composition is driven by stochastic processes. Forest management intensity did not consistently affect the mean degree of randomness in community composition, perhaps because the bird communities were relatively insensitive to management intensity. We found a high temporal variation in the degree of randomness, which may indicate temporal variation in assembly processes and in the importance of key environmental drivers. We conclude that the degree of randomness in community composition should be considered in bird community studies, and the high values we find may indicate that bird community composition is relatively hard to predict at the regional scale. C1 [Renner, Swen C.; Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.] Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Renner, Swen C.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA USA. [Gossner, Martin M.; Weisser, Wolfgang W.] Tech Univ Munich, Ctr Food & Life Sci Weihenstephan, Dept Ecol & Ecosyst Management, Terr Ecol Res Grp, Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. [Kahl, Tiemo] Univ Freiburg, Chair Silviculture, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany. [Fischer, Markus] Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci & Bot Garden, Bern, Switzerland. [Allan, Eric] Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, Bern, Switzerland. RP Renner, SC (reprint author), Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Inst Zool, Vienna, Austria. EM swen.renner@boku.ac.at RI Fischer, Markus/C-6411-2008; Weisser, Wolfgang/B-9718-2014; Gossner, Martin M./J-2730-2015; OI Fischer, Markus/0000-0002-5589-5900; Weisser, Wolfgang/0000-0002-2757-8959; Gossner, Martin M./0000-0003-1516-6364; Renner, Swen/0000-0002-6893-4219 FU German Science Foundation Priority Program 1374 Infrastructure Biodiversity-Exploratories [Ka 1241/19-1, Re 1733/6-1] FX The work has been funded by the German Science Foundation(www.dfg.de) Priority Program 1374 Infrastructure Biodiversity-Exploratories (Ka 1241/19-1, Re 1733/6-1). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 20 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 11 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 11 AR e112347 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0112347 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AT9MC UT WOS:000345250400056 PM 25386924 ER PT J AU de Gasperin, F van Weeren, RJ Bruggen, M Vazza, F Bonafede, A Intema, HT AF de Gasperin, F. van Weeren, R. J. Brueggen, M. Vazza, F. Bonafede, A. Intema, H. T. TI A new double radio relic in PSZ1 G096.89+24.17 and a radio relic mass-luminosity relation SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: individual: PSZ1 G096.89+24.17; large-scale structure of Universe; radio continuum: general ID DIFFUSIVE SHOCK ACCELERATION; MERGING GALAXY CLUSTER; X-RAY LUMINOSITY; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; COSMIC-RAYS; SKY SURVEY; SCALING RELATIONS; EL GORDO; EMISSION; SIMULATIONS AB Radio relics are diffuse synchrotron sources in galaxy clusters that are believed to trace large-scale shock waves. We have discovered a new double radio relic system in PSZ1 G096.89+24.17 (z = 0.3) and have carried out a full-polarization radio observation using the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope at 1.4 GHz. The observation revealed the presence of two relics located on the two diametrically opposite sides of the cluster and hints of a central radio halo. The linear sizes of the relics are similar to 0.9 and similar to 1.4 Mpc. We carried out an analysis of all known double radio relics by using radio, X-ray and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich data. We find that the radio luminosity of double relics is a steep function of the cluster mass, with LR infinity M-2.83 +/- 0.39. If we include single radio relics, this relation is maintained. This dependence has implications for the origin of magnetic fields at the relic's locations. C1 [de Gasperin, F.; Brueggen, M.; Vazza, F.; Bonafede, A.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [van Weeren, R. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Intema, H. T.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. RP de Gasperin, F (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. EM fdg@hs.uni-hamburg.de RI Intema, Huib/D-1438-2012; OI Intema, Huib/0000-0002-5880-2730; vazza, franco/0000-0002-2821-7928; de Gasperin, Francesco/0000-0003-4439-2627; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660 FU research group FOR 1254 - Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft FX The authors thank Gianfranco Brunetti for the useful discussions. AB and MB acknowledge support by the research group FOR 1254 funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft: 'Magnetisation of interstellar and intergalactic media:the prospects of low-frequency radio observations'. NR 55 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV 11 PY 2014 VL 444 IS 4 BP 3130 EP 3138 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu1658 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR2FW UT WOS:000343400100009 ER PT J AU Barentsen, G Farnhill, HJ Drew, JE Gonzalez-Solares, EA Greimel, R Irwin, MJ Miszalski, B Ruhland, C Groot, P Mampaso, A Sale, SE Henden, AA Aungwerojwit, A Barlow, MJ Carter, PJ Corradi, RLM Drake, JJ Eisloffel, J Fabregat, J Gansicke, BT Fusillo, NPG Greiss, S Hales, AS Hodgkin, S Huckvale, L Irwin, J King, R Knigge, C Kupfer, T Lagadec, E Lennon, DJ Lewis, JR Mohr-Smith, M Morris, RAH Naylor, T Parker, QA Phillipps, S Pyrzas, S Raddi, R Roelofs, GHA Rodriguez-Gil, P Sabin, L Scaringi, S Steeghs, D Suso, J Tata, R Unruh, YC van Roestel, J Viironen, K Vink, JS Walton, NA Wright, NJ Zijlstra, AA AF Barentsen, Geert Farnhill, H. J. Drew, J. E. Gonzalez-Solares, E. A. Greimel, R. Irwin, M. J. Miszalski, B. Ruhland, C. Groot, P. Mampaso, A. Sale, S. E. Henden, A. A. Aungwerojwit, A. Barlow, M. J. Carter, P. J. Corradi, R. L. M. Drake, J. J. Eisloeffel, J. Fabregat, J. Gaensicke, B. T. Fusillo, N. P. Gentile Greiss, S. Hales, A. S. Hodgkin, S. Huckvale, L. Irwin, J. King, R. Knigge, C. Kupfer, T. Lagadec, E. Lennon, D. J. Lewis, J. R. Mohr-Smith, M. Morris, R. A. H. Naylor, T. Parker, Q. A. Phillipps, S. Pyrzas, S. Raddi, R. Roelofs, G. H. A. Rodriguez-Gil, P. Sabin, L. Scaringi, S. Steeghs, D. Suso, J. Tata, R. Unruh, Y. C. van Roestel, J. Viironen, K. Vink, J. S. Walton, N. A. Wright, N. J. Zijlstra, A. A. TI The second data release of the INT Photometric Ha Survey of the Northern Galactic Plane (IPHAS DR2) SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE catalogues; surveys; stars: emission-line, Be; Galaxy: stellar content ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; INITIAL DATA RELEASE; MILKY-WAY PROJECT; ALPHA SURVEY; SYMBIOTIC STARS; SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY; SCIENCE ARCHIVE; II REGIONS; CATALOG; 1ST AB The INT/WFC Photometric H alpha Survey of the Northern Galactic Plane (IPHAS) is a 1800 deg(2) imaging survey covering Galactic latitudes vertical bar b vertical bar < 5 degrees and longitudes l = 30 degrees-215 degrees in the r, i, and H alpha filters using the Wide Field Camera (WFC) on the 2.5-m Isaac Newton Telescope (INT) in La Palma. We present the first quality-controlled and globally calibrated source catalogue derived from the survey, providing single-epoch photometry for 219 million unique sources across 92 per cent of the footprint. The observations were carried out between 2003 and 2012 at a median seeing of 1.1 arcsec (sampled at 0.33 arcsec pixel(-1)) and to a mean 5 sigma depth of 21.2 (r), 20.0 (i), and 20.3 (H alpha) in the Vega magnitude system. We explain the data reduction and quality control procedures, describe and test the global re-calibration, and detail the construction of the new catalogue. We show that the new calibration is accurate to 0.03 mag (root mean square) and recommend a series of quality criteria to select accurate data from the catalogue. Finally, we demonstrate the ability of the catalogue's unique (r -H alpha, r - i) diagram to (i) characterize stellar populations and extinction regimes towards different Galactic sightlines and (ii) select and quantify H alpha emission-line objects. IPHAS is the first survey to offer comprehensive CCD photometry of point sources across the Galactic plane at visible wavelengths, providing the much-needed counterpart to recent infrared surveys. C1 [Barentsen, Geert; Farnhill, H. J.; Drew, J. E.; Ruhland, C.; Mohr-Smith, M.; Wright, N. J.] Univ Hertfordshire, Sch Phys Astron & Math, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Gonzalez-Solares, E. A.; Irwin, M. J.; Hodgkin, S.; Walton, N. A.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 OHA, England. [Greimel, R.] Graz Univ, Inst Phys, IGAM, A-8010 Graz, Austria. [Miszalski, B.] South African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Cape Town, South Africa. [Miszalski, B.] SALT Fdn, ZA-7935 Cape Town, South Africa. [Groot, P.; Kupfer, T.; Lewis, J. R.; van Roestel, J.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Fac NWI, Afdeling Sterrenkunde, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Mampaso, A.; Corradi, R. L. M.; Rodriguez-Gil, P.; Tata, R.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38205 San Cristobal la Laguna, Santa Cruz De T, Spain. [Mampaso, A.; Corradi, R. L. M.; Rodriguez-Gil, P.; Tata, R.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38204 San Cristobal la Laguna, Santa Cruz De T, Spain. [Sale, S. E.] Rudolf Peierls Ctr Theoret Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England. [Henden, A. A.] AAVSO, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Aungwerojwit, A.] Naresuan Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand. [Barlow, M. J.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Carter, P. J.; Gaensicke, B. T.; Fusillo, N. P. Gentile; Greiss, S.; Raddi, R.; Steeghs, D.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Drake, J. J.; Irwin, J.; Roelofs, G. H. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Eisloeffel, J.; Suso, J.] Thuringer Landessternwarte, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany. [Fabregat, J.] Univ Valencia, Observ Astron, E-46980 Paterna, Spain. [Hales, A. S.] Joint ALMA Observ, Santiago 7630355, Chile. [Huckvale, L.; Zijlstra, A. A.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Ctr Astrophys, Jodrell Bank, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [King, R.; Naylor, T.] Univ Exeter, Sch Phys, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. [Knigge, C.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Lagadec, E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lennon, D. J.; Phillipps, S.] ESAC, E-28692 Madrid, Spain. [Morris, R. A. H.] Univ Bristol, Sch Phys, Bristol BS8 1TL, Avon, England. [Parker, Q. A.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Parker, Q. A.] Australian Astron Observ, N Ryde, NSW 1670, Australia. [Parker, Q. A.] Macquarie Univ, Res Ctr Astron Astrophys & Astrophoton, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Pyrzas, S.] Univ Catolica Norte, Inst Astron, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile. [Sabin, L.] Univ Guadalajara, CUCEI, Inst Aston & Meteorol, Dept Fis, Guadalajara 44130, Mexico. [Scaringi, S.] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Inst Sterrenkunde, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium. [Scaringi, S.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys MPE, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Unruh, Y. C.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Blackett Lab, Dept Phys, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Viironen, K.] Ctr Estudios Fis Cosmos Aragon, E-44001 Teruel, Spain. [Vink, J. S.] Armagh Observ, Armagh BT61 9DG, North Ireland. RP Barentsen, G (reprint author), Univ Hertfordshire, Sch Phys Astron & Math, Coll Lane, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. EM geert@barentsen.be RI Barlow, Michael/A-5638-2009; Naylor, Tim /A-9465-2015; Gaensicke, Boris/A-9421-2012; Suso , Julia/F-8076-2016; Fabregat, Juan/F-9066-2016; Groot, Paul/K-4391-2016; Rodriguez-Gil, Pablo/H-7709-2015; OI Scaringi, Simone/0000-0001-5387-7189; Barlow, Michael/0000-0002-3875-1171; Gaensicke, Boris/0000-0002-2761-3005; Fabregat, Juan/0000-0002-5986-9347; Groot, Paul/0000-0002-4488-726X; Rodriguez-Gil, Pablo/0000-0002-4717-5102; Unruh, Yvonne/0000-0001-8217-6998; Phillipps, Steven/0000-0001-5991-3486; Drew, Janet/0000-0003-1192-7082 FU Science and Technology Facilities Council of the UK (STFC) [ST/J001335/1]; Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Japanese Monbukagakusho; Max Planck Society; Higher Education Funding Council for England; NASA; NSF; Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom [ST/J001333/1, ST/K00106X/1, ST/I001719/1]; STFC; Spanish Plan Nacional de I+D+i; FEDER [AYA2010-18352]; European Research Council under the European Union [320964]; Ramon y Cajal fellowship [RYC-2010-05762]; Spanish MINECO [AYA2012-38700]; Royal Astronomical Society of the United Kingdom; Physics Department of Imperial College London FX The INT is operated on the island of La Palma by the ING in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. We are deeply indebted to Ovidiu Vaduvescu, Javier Mendez, and the rest of the ING staff and students for their ongoing support of the telescope. All data were processed by the CASU at the Institute of Astronomy in Cambridge. The catalogue presented in this work was assembled at the Centre for Astrophysics Research, University of Hertfordshire, supported by a grant from the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the UK (STFC, ref ST/J001335/1).; Our work made extensive use of several complementary photometric surveys. Our global calibration was aided by the APASS, funded by the Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund. The calibration was tested against the SDSS, funded by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, the US Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Japanese Monbukagakusho, the Max Planck Society, and the Higher Education Funding Council for England. The astrometric pipeline reduction made significant use of the 2MASS, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by NASA and the NSF. This work includes observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA.; GB, JED, SES, and BTG acknowledge support from the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom (grants: GB and JED - ST/J001333/1, SES - ST/K00106X/1, BTG - ST/I001719/1). HJF and MM-S both acknowledge STFC postgraduate studentships. JED would also like to convey her thanks to the Physics Department of Imperial College London that hosted this project from its inception to 2007 and supported her via a sabbatical year in 2003-04. JF is supported by the Spanish Plan Nacional de I+D+i and FEDER under contract AYA2010-18352. BTG acknowledges funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013)/ERC Grant agreement no. 320964 (WDTracer). PRG is supported by a Ramon y Cajal fellowship (RYC-2010-05762), and acknowledges support provided by the Spanish MINECO AYA2012-38700 grant. NJW is in receipt of a Fellowship funded by the Royal Astronomical Society of the United Kingdom. NR 92 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV 11 PY 2014 VL 444 IS 4 BP 3230 EP 3257 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu1651 PG 28 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR2FW UT WOS:000343400100018 ER PT J AU Marsden, SC Petit, P Jeffers, SV Morin, J Fares, R Reiners, A do Nascimento, JD Auriere, M Bouvier, J Carter, BD Catala, C Dintrans, B Donati, JF Gastine, T Jardine, M Konstantinova-Antova, R Lanoux, J Lignieres, F Morgenthaler, A Ramirez-Velez, JC Theado, S Van Grootel, V AF Marsden, S. C. Petit, P. Jeffers, S. V. Morin, J. Fares, R. Reiners, A. do Nascimento, J. -D., Jr. Auriere, M. Bouvier, J. Carter, B. D. Catala, C. Dintrans, B. Donati, J. -F. Gastine, T. Jardine, M. Konstantinova-Antova, R. Lanoux, J. Lignieres, F. Morgenthaler, A. Ramirez-Velez, J. C. Theado, S. Van Grootel, V. CA BCool Collaboration TI A BCool magnetic snapshot survey of solar-type stars SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE line: profiles; magnetic fields; stars: activity ID MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; SURFACE DIFFERENTIAL ROTATION; GENEVA-COPENHAGEN SURVEY; H-ALPHA EMISSION; LOW-MASS STARS; CHROMOSPHERIC-ACTIVITY; GALACTIC DISK; ACTIVE STARS; NEARBY STARS; STELLAR POLARIMETRY AB We present the results of a major high-resolution spectropolarimetric BCool project magnetic survey of 170 solar-type stars. Surface magnetic fields were detected on 67 stars, with 21 classified as mature solar-type stars, a result that increases by a factor of 4 the number of mature solar-type stars on which magnetic fields have been observed. In addition, a magnetic field was detected for 3 out of 18 of the subgiant stars surveyed. For the population of K-dwarfs, the mean value of vertical bar B-l vertical bar (vertical bar B-l vertical bar(mean)) was also found to be higher (5.7 G) than vertical bar B-l vertical bar(mean) measured for the G-dwarfs (3.2 G) and the F-dwarfs (3.3 G). For the sample as a whole, vertical bar B-l vertical bar(mean) increases with rotation rate and decreases with age, and the upper envelope for vertical bar B-l vertical bar correlates well with the observed chromospheric emission. Stars with a chromospheric S-index greater than about 0.2 show a high magnetic field detection rate and so offer optimal targets for future studies. This survey constitutes the most extensive spectropolarimetric survey of cool stars undertaken to date, and suggests that it is feasible to pursue magnetic mapping of a wide range of moderately active solar-type stars to improve our understanding of their surface fields and dynamos. C1 [Marsden, S. C.; Carter, B. D.] Univ So Queensland, Computat Engn & Sci Res Ctr, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. [Petit, P.; Auriere, M.; Dintrans, B.; Donati, J. -F.; Lanoux, J.; Lignieres, F.; Morgenthaler, A.; Theado, S.] Univ Toulouse, Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, UPS OMP, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Petit, P.; Auriere, M.; Dintrans, B.; Donati, J. -F.; Lanoux, J.; Lignieres, F.; Morgenthaler, A.; Theado, S.] CNRS, Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Jeffers, S. V.; Morin, J.; Reiners, A.] Univ Gottingen, Inst Astrophys, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany. [Morin, J.] CNRS, LUPM UMR 5299, F-34095 Paris 05, France. [Morin, J.] Univ Montpellier 2, F-34095 Montpellier 05, France. [Fares, R.; Jardine, M.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [do Nascimento, J. -D., Jr.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Fis Teor & Expt, BR-59072970 Natal, RN, Brazil. [do Nascimento, J. -D., Jr.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bouvier, J.] UJF Grenoble 1, CNRS INSU, IPAG, UMR 5274, F-38041 Grenoble, France. [Catala, C.] Observ Paris, LESIA, F-92195 Meudon, France. [Gastine, T.] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. [Konstantinova-Antova, R.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Astron, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. [Konstantinova-Antova, R.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, NAO, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria. [Ramirez-Velez, J. C.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Coyoacan 04510, DF, Mexico. [Van Grootel, V.; BCool Collaboration] Univ Liege, Inst Astrophys & Geophys, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. RP Marsden, SC (reprint author), Univ So Queensland, Computat Engn & Sci Res Ctr, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. EM marsden@usq.edu.au; ppetit@irap.omp.eu; jef-fers@astro.physik.uni-goettingen.de OI Marsden, Stephen/0000-0001-5522-8887; Petit, Pascal/0000-0001-7624-9222; Morin, Julien/0000-0002-4996-6901 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SFB 963/1]; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in Gottingen; STFC FX The authors would like to thank the staff at the TBL and CFHT for their excellent support in helping with the observations for this paper. They would also like to thank the referee (Stefano Bagnulo) for his excellent comments that helped make this an improved paper. SVJ acknowledges research funding by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under grant SFB 963/1, project A16. JM was funded by a fellowship of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in Gottingen. RF acknowledges funding from the STFC. This research has made use of the SIMBAD data base, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. This work is partly based on data from the Brazilian CFHT time allocation under the proposals 09.BB03, 11.AB05, PI: J. D. do Nascimento. NR 91 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV 11 PY 2014 VL 444 IS 4 BP 3517 EP 3536 DI 10.1093/mnras/stu1663 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR2FW UT WOS:000343400100037 ER PT J AU Crnojevic, D Sand, DJ Caldwell, N Guhathakurta, P McLeod, B Seth, A Simon, JD Strader, J Toloba, E AF Crnojevic, D. Sand, D. J. Caldwell, N. Guhathakurta, P. McLeod, B. Seth, A. Simon, J. D. Strader, J. Toloba, E. TI DISCOVERY OF A CLOSE PAIR OF FAINT DWARF GALAXIES IN THE HALO OF CENTAURUS A SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: dwarf; galaxies: halos; galaxies: groups: individual (CenA); galaxies: photometry ID RED GIANT BRANCH; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; MILKY-WAY; SATELLITE GALAXIES; DARK-MATTER; LOCAL GROUP; M81 GROUP; LEO IV; M31; SUBSTRUCTURE AB As part of the Panoramic Imaging Survey of Centaurus and Sculptor (PISCeS), we report the discovery of a pair of faint dwarf galaxies (CenA-MM-Dw1 and CenA-MM-Dw2) at a projected distance of similar to 90 kpc from the nearby elliptical galaxy NGC 5128 (CenA). We measure a tip of the red giant branch distance to each dwarf, finding D = 3.63 +/- 0.41 Mpc for CenA-MM-Dw1 and D = 3.60 +/- 0.41 Mpc for CenA-MM-Dw2, both of which are consistent with the distance to NGC 5128. A qualitative analysis of the color-magnitude diagrams indicates stellar populations consisting of an old, metal-poor red giant branch (greater than or similar to 12 Gyr, [Fe/H] similar to -1.7 to -1.9). In addition, CenA-MM-Dw1 seems to host an intermediate-age population as indicated by its candidate asymptotic giant branch stars. The derived luminosities (M-V = -10.9 +/- 0.3 for CenA-MM-Dw1 and -8.4 +/- 0.6 for CenA-MM-Dw2) and half-light radii (r(h) = 1.4 +/- 0.04 kpc for CenA-MM-Dw1 and 0.36 +/- 0.08 kpc for CenA-MM-Dw2) are consistent with those of Local Group dwarfs. CenA-MM-Dw1's low central surface brightness (mu(V,0) = 27.3 +/- 0.1 mag arcsec(-2)) places it among the faintest and most extended M31 satellites. Most intriguingly, CenA-MM-Dw1 and CenA-MM-Dw2 have a projected separation of only 3 arcmin (similar to 3 kpc): we are possibly observing the first, faint satellite of a satellite in an external group of galaxies. C1 [Crnojevic, D.; Sand, D. J.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Caldwell, N.; McLeod, B.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Guhathakurta, P.; Toloba, E.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Lick Observ, UCO, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Seth, A.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Simon, J. D.] Observ Carnegie Inst Sci, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Strader, J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Crnojevic, D (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Box 41051, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. OI Seth, Anil/0000-0003-0248-5470; Guhathakurta, Puragra/0000-0001-8867-4234; McLeod, Brian/0000-0002-2924-2893 FU NSF [AST-1412504, AST-1010039]; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory FX We warmly thank Maureen Conroy, John Roll, and Sean Moran for their prolonged efforts and help related to Megacam. D.C. wishes to kindly thank the hospitality of the Mullard Space Science Laboratory, University College of London, where part of this work has been carried out. D.J.S., J.S., and P.G. acknowledge support from NSF grant AST-1412504; P.G. acknowledges additional support from NSF grant AST-1010039. This paper uses data products produced by the OIR Telescope Data Center, supported by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. NR 44 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD NOV 10 PY 2014 VL 795 IS 2 AR L35 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/795/2/L35 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AU3FY UT WOS:000345499000011 ER PT J AU Morabito, LK Oonk, JBR Salgado, F Toribio, MC Rottgering, HJA Tielens, AGGM Beck, R Adebahr, B Best, P Beswick, R Bonafede, A Brunetti, G Bruggen, M Chyzy, KT Conway, JE van Driel, W Gregson, J Haverkorn, M Heald, G Horellou, C Horneffer, A Iacobelli, M Jarvis, MJ Marti-Vidal, I Miley, G Mulcahy, DD Orru, E Pizzo, R Scaife, AMM Varenius, E van Weeren, RJ White, GJ Wise, MW AF Morabito, Leah K. Oonk, J. B. R. Salgado, Francisco Toribio, M. Carmen Rottgering, H. J. A. Tielens, A. G. G. M. Beck, Rainer Adebahr, Bjoern Best, Philip Beswick, Robert Bonafede, Annalisa Brunetti, Gianfranco Brueggen, Marcus Chyzy, Krzysztof T. Conway, J. E. van Driel, Wim Gregson, Jonathan Haverkorn, Marijke Heald, George Horellou, Cathy Horneffer, Andreas Iacobelli, Marco Jarvis, Matt J. Marti-Vidal, Ivan Miley, George Mulcahy, D. D. Orru, Emanuela Pizzo, Roberto Scaife, A. M. M. Varenius, Eskil van Weeren, Reinout J. White, Glenn J. Wise, Michael W. TI DISCOVERY OF CARBON RADIO RECOMBINATION LINES IN M82 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: individual (M82); galaxies: ISM; ISM: general; radio lines: galaxies; radio lines: ISM ID SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; CASSIOPEIA-A; WIDE-FIELD; LOFAR; ABSORPTION; H92-ALPHA; GALAXY; POLARIZATION; TEMPERATURES AB Carbon radio recombination lines (RRLs) at low frequencies (less than or similar to 500 MHz) trace the cold, diffuse phase of the interstellar medium, which is otherwise difficult to observe. We present the detection of carbon RRLs in absorption in M82 with the Low Frequency Array in the frequency range of 48-64 MHz. This is the first extragalactic detection of RRLs from a species other than hydrogen, and below 1 GHz. Since the carbon RRLs are not detected individually, we cross-correlated the observed spectrum with a template spectrum of carbon RRLs to determine a radial velocity of 219 km s(-1). Using this radial velocity, we stack 22 carbon-alpha transitions from quantum levels n = 468-508 to achieve an 8.5 sigma detection. The absorption line profile exhibits a narrow feature with peak optical depth of 3x10(-3) and FWHM of 31 km s(-1). Closer inspection suggests that the narrow feature is superimposed on a broad, shallow component. The total line profile appears to be correlated with the 21 cm Hi line profile reconstructed from Hi absorption in the direction of supernova remnants in the nucleus. The narrow width and centroid velocity of the feature suggests that it is associated with the nuclear starburst region. It is therefore likely that the carbon RRLs are associated with cold atomic gas in the direction of the nucleus of M82. C1 [Morabito, Leah K.; Oonk, J. B. R.; Salgado, Francisco; Rottgering, H. J. A.; Tielens, A. G. G. M.; Haverkorn, Marijke; Miley, George] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Oonk, J. B. R.; Toribio, M. Carmen; Heald, George; Iacobelli, Marco; Orru, Emanuela; Pizzo, Roberto; Wise, Michael W.] Netherlands Inst Radio Astron ASTRON, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Beck, Rainer; Adebahr, Bjoern; Horneffer, Andreas] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Best, Philip] Royal Observ, SUPA, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Beswick, Robert] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Bonafede, Annalisa; Brueggen, Marcus] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg Observ, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Brunetti, Gianfranco] INAF, Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Chyzy, Krzysztof T.] Uniwersytetu Jagiellonskiego, Obserwatorium Astron, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Conway, J. E.; Horellou, Cathy; Marti-Vidal, Ivan; Varenius, Eskil] Chalmers, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Onsala Space Observ, SE-43992 Onsala, Sweden. [van Driel, Wim] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, GEPI, Observ Paris, F-92190 Meudon, France. [Gregson, Jonathan; White, Glenn J.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Haverkorn, Marijke; Orru, Emanuela] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, IMAPP, Dept Astrophys, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Heald, George] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, NL-9700 AB Groningen, Netherlands. [Jarvis, Matt J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Jarvis, Matt J.] Univ Western Cape, Dept Phys, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa. [Mulcahy, D. D.; Scaife, A. M. M.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [van Weeren, Reinout J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [White, Glenn J.] Rutherford Applet Lab, RALSpace, Didcot OX11 0NL, Oxon, England. RP Morabito, LK (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM morabito@strw.leidenuniv.nl RI Marti-Vidal, Ivan/A-8799-2017; OI Marti-Vidal, Ivan/0000-0003-3708-9611; Brunetti, Gianfranco/0000-0003-4195-8613; Salgado, Francisco/0000-0002-2162-7641; Varenius, Eskil/0000-0002-3248-9467; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660 FU NWO Top LOFAR project [614.001.006]; NWO Top LOFAR-CRRL project [614.001.351] FX L.K.M. acknowledges financial support from NWO Top LOFAR project, project No. 614.001.006. J.B.R.O. acknowledges financial support from NWO Top LOFAR-CRRL project, project No. 614.001.351. The authors thank A. Kepley for providing GBT observed line profiles. NR 42 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD NOV 10 PY 2014 VL 795 IS 2 AR L33 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/795/2/L33 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AU3FY UT WOS:000345499000009 ER PT J AU Borbely, S Feist, J Tokesi, K Nagele, S Nagy, L Burgdorfer, J AF Borbely, S. Feist, J. Tokesi, K. Nagele, S. Nagy, L. Burgdoerfer, J. TI Ionization of helium by slow antiproton impact: Total and differential cross sections SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT SCHRODINGER-EQUATION; CLASSICAL THEORY; CHARGE TRANSFER; PROTON-HELIUM; COLLISIONS; HYDROGEN; ENERGY; ATOMS; PEAK; HE AB We investigate theoretically the single and double ionization of the He atom by antiproton impact for projectile energies ranging from 3 keV up to 1000 keV. We obtain accurate total cross sections by directly solving the fully correlated two-electron time-dependent Schrodinger equation. The cross sections are in excellent agreement with the available experimental data. We also present fully ab initio doubly differential data for single ionization at 10 and 100 keV impact energies and compare to classical-trajectory Monte Carlo calculations. In these differential cross sections we identify the binary-encounter peak along with the anticusp minimum. Furthermore, we also point out the importance of the postcollisional electron-projectile interaction at low antiproton energies, which significantly suppresses electron emission in the forward direction. C1 [Borbely, S.; Nagy, L.] Univ Babes Bolyai, Fac Phys, Cluj Napoca 400084, Romania. [Feist, J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor Mat Condensada, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Feist, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Feist, J.; Nagele, S.; Burgdoerfer, J.] Vienna Univ Technol, Inst Theoret Phys, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. [Tokesi, K.; Burgdoerfer, J.] Hungarian Acad Sci ATOMKI, Inst Nucl Res, H-4026 Debrecen, Hungary. RP Borbely, S (reprint author), Univ Babes Bolyai, Fac Phys, Cluj Napoca 400084, Romania. EM sandor.borbely@phys.ubbcluj.ro RI Feist, Johannes/J-7394-2012; Nagele, Stefan/E-6938-2011; Nagy, Ladislau/B-5607-2011; Borbely, Sandor/C-2332-2011 OI Feist, Johannes/0000-0002-7972-0646; Nagele, Stefan/0000-0003-1213-0294; Nagy, Ladislau/0000-0001-9178-0994; FU Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research (CNCS UEFISCDI) [PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0192]; Hungarian Scientific Research Fund OTKA [K103917, NN 103279]; Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [SFB041, SFB049]; COST Action [CM1204]; NSF through a grant to ITAMP; European Research Council (ERC) [290981]; Vienna Scientific Cluster and through XSEDE [TG-PHY090031] FX This work was supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research (CNCS UEFISCDI) project number PN-II-ID-PCE-2011-3-0192, by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund OTKA Nos. K103917 and NN 103279, by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) under SFB041 (VICOM) and SFB049 (NEXTLITE), and by the COST Action CM1204 (XLIC). J.F. acknowledges support by the NSF through a grant to ITAMP and by the European Research Council (ERC-2011-AdG Proposal No. 290981). The computational results presented were achieved by using the Vienna Scientific Cluster and through XSEDE resources provided under Grant No. TG-PHY090031. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD NOV 10 PY 2014 VL 90 IS 5 AR 052706 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.90.052706 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA AT4MW UT WOS:000344914400013 ER PT J AU Zipkin, AM Wagner, M McGrath, K Brooks, AS Lucas, PW AF Zipkin, Andrew M. Wagner, Mark McGrath, Kate Brooks, Alison S. Lucas, Peter W. TI An Experimental Study of Hafting Adhesives and the Implications for Compound Tool Technology SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MIDDLE STONE-AGE; MODERN HUMAN-BEHAVIOR; SOUTH-AFRICA; RESIDUE ANALYSIS; HOWIESONS POORT; COMPLEX COGNITION; SIBUDU CAVE; OCHRE; IDENTIFICATION; WEAPONS AB Experimental studies of hafting adhesives and modifications to compound tool components can demonstrate the extent to which human ancestors understood and exploited material properties only formally defined by science within the last century. Discoveries of Stone Age hafting adhesives at archaeological sites in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa have spurred experiments that sought to replicate or create models of such adhesives. Most of these studies, however, have been actualistic in design, focusing on replicating ancient applications of adhesive technology. In contrast, this study tested several glues based on Acacia resin within a materials science framework to better understand the effect of each adhesive ingredient on compound tool durability. Using an overlap joint as a model for a compound tool, adhesives formulated with loading agents from a range of particle sizes and mineral compositions were tested for toughness on smooth and rough substrates. Our results indicated that overlap joint toughness is significantly increased by using a roughened joint surface. Contrary to some previous studies, there was no evidence that particle size diversity in a loading agent improved adhesive effectiveness. Generally, glues containing quartz or ochre loading agents in the silt and clay-sized particle class yielded the toughest overlap joints, with the effect of particle size found to be more significant for rough rather than smooth substrate joints. Additionally, no particular ochre mineral or mineral mixture was found to be a clearly superior loading agent. These two points taken together suggest that Paleolithic use of ochre-loaded adhesives and the criteria used to select ochres for this purpose may have been mediated by visual and symbolic considerations rather than purely functional concerns. C1 [Zipkin, Andrew M.; McGrath, Kate; Brooks, Alison S.; Lucas, Peter W.] George Washington Univ, Ctr Adv Study Hominid Paleobiol, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Wagner, Mark] George Washington Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Washington, DC USA. [Brooks, Alison S.] US Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Human Origins Program, Washington, DC USA. [Lucas, Peter W.] Kuwait Univ, Dept Bioclin Sci, Kuwait, Kuwait. RP Zipkin, AM (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Ctr Adv Study Hominid Paleobiol, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM amzipkin@gwmail.gwu.edu FU National Science Foundation [DGE-0801634, 2011116368, BCS-1240694]; Wenner-Gren Foundation [8623] FX This study was made possible by funding from National Science Foundation (http://www.nsf.gov/) grants IGERT #DGE-0801634, GRF #2011116368, and DDIG #BCS-1240694 and Wenner-Gren Foundation (http://www.wennergren.org/) grant DFG #8623. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 46 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 10 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 11 AR e112560 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0112560 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AT3DP UT WOS:000344816700082 PM 25383871 ER PT J AU Currie, T Burrows, A Girard, JH Cloutier, R Fukagawa, M Sorahana, S Kuchner, M Kenyon, SJ Madhusudhan, N Itoh, Y Jayawardhana, R Matsumura, S Pyo, TS AF Currie, Thayne Burrows, Adam Girard, Julien H. Cloutier, Ryan Fukagawa, Misato Sorahana, Satoko Kuchner, Marc Kenyon, Scott J. Madhusudhan, Nikku Itoh, Yoichi Jayawardhana, Ray Matsumura, Soko Pyo, Tae-Soo TI DEEP THERMAL INFRARED IMAGING OF HR 8799 bcde: NEW ATMOSPHERIC CONSTRAINTS AND LIMITS ON A FIFTH PLANET SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; planets and satellites: atmospheres; planets and satellites: composition; stars: early-type; stars: individual (HR 8799); techniques: high angular resolution; techniques: image processing ID EXTRASOLAR GIANT PLANETS; DIRECTLY IMAGED PLANET; BETA-PICTORIS B; LOW-MASS STARS; BROWN DWARFS; MU-M; CANDIDATE COMPANION; ORBITING FOMALHAUT; DYNAMICAL MASS; UPPER SCORPIUS AB We present new L' (3.8 mu m) and Bra (4.05 mu m) data and reprocessed archival L' data for the young, planet-hosting star HR 8799 obtained with Keck/NIRC2, VLT/NaCo, and Subaru/IRCS. We detect all four HR 8799 planets in each data set at a moderate to high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N greater than or similar to 6-15). We fail to identify a fifth planet, "HR 8799 f," at r < 15 AU at a 5 sigma confidence level: one suggestive, marginally significant residual at 0 ''.2 is most likely a pointspread function artifact. Assuming companion ages of 30 Myr and the Baraffe planet cooling models, we rule out an HR 8799 f with a mass of 5 M-J (7 M-J), 7 M-J (10 M-J), or 12 M-J (13 M-J) at r(proj) similar to 12 AU, 9 AU, and 5 AU, respectively. All four HR 8799 planets have red early T dwarf-like L' - [4.05] colors, suggesting that their spectral energy distributions peak in between the L' and M' broadband filters. We find no statistically significant difference in HR 8799 cde's color. Atmosphere models assuming thick, patchy clouds appear to better match HR 8799 bcde's photometry than models assuming a uniform cloud layer. While non-equilibrium carbon chemistry is required to explain HR 8799 b and c's photometry/spectra, evidence for it from HR 8799 d and e's photometry is weaker. Future, deep-IR spectroscopy/spectrophotometry with the Gemini Planet Imager, SCExAO/CHARIS, and other facilities may clarify whether the planets are chemically similar or heterogeneous. C1 [Currie, Thayne; Cloutier, Ryan; Jayawardhana, Ray] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Currie, Thayne; Pyo, Tae-Soo] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Burrows, Adam] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Girard, Julien H.] European So Observ, Santiago 19001, Chile. [Fukagawa, Misato] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Sorahana, Satoko] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Kuchner, Marc] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Exoplanets & Stellar Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Kenyon, Scott J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Madhusudhan, Nikku] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Itoh, Yoichi] Univ Hyago, Ctr Astron, Nishi Harima Astron Observ, Sayo, Hyogo 6795313, Japan. [Matsumura, Soko] Univ Dundee, Sch Engn Phys & Math, Dundee DD1 4HN, Scotland. RP Currie, T (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. OI Kenyon, Scott/0000-0003-0214-609X FU W.M. Keck Foundation; McLean Postdoctoral Fellowship FX We thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments. The NASA-Keck, ESO, and Subaru Time Allocation Committees supported this work through generous allotments of observing time. We thank Christian Marois and Laurent Pueyo for extensive discussions focused on advanced high-contrast image processing techniques, Stanimir Metchev for discussions on NIRC2 linearity corrections, Adam Burgasser for suggestions on comparing our data to field substellar objects, Ernst De Mooij for helpful discussions on flux calibration strategies, and Timothy Brandt for help regarding recent research results. Some of the data presented herein were obtained at the W.M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W.M. Keck Foundation. This work is based on data collected at Subaru Telescope, which is operated by the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. The authors recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. This research has made use of the Keck Observatory Archive (KOA), which is operated by the W.M. Keck Observatory and the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute (NExScI), under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We are extremely grateful to the NExScI/KOA staff for developing and maintaining the NIRC2 archive. T.C. is partially supported by a McLean Postdoctoral Fellowship. NR 77 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 2014 VL 795 IS 2 AR 133 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/795/2/133 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8YT UT WOS:000343857900032 ER PT J AU Douglas, ST Agueros, MA Covey, KR Bowsher, EC Bochanski, JJ Cargile, PA Kraus, A Law, NM Lemonias, JJ Arce, HG Fierroz, DF Kundert, A AF Douglas, S. T. Agueeros, M. A. Covey, K. R. Bowsher, E. C. Bochanski, J. J. Cargile, P. A. Kraus, A. Law, N. M. Lemonias, J. J. Arce, H. G. Fierroz, D. F. Kundert, A. TI THE FACTORY AND THE BEEHIVE. II. ACTIVITY AND ROTATION IN PRAESEPE AND THE HYADES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars: activity; stars: chromospheres; stars: coronae; stars: evolution; stars: late-type; stars: rotation ID LOW-MASS STARS; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; LOWER MAIN-SEQUENCE; SOLAR-TYPE STARS; X-RAY-EMISSION; M-DWARFS; CHROMOSPHERIC ACTIVITY; STELLAR ROTATION; HIPPARCOS CATALOG; OPEN CLUSTERS AB Open clusters are collections of stars with a single, well-determined age, and can be used to investigate the connections between angular-momentum evolution and magnetic activity over a star's lifetime. We present the results of a comparative study of the relationship between stellar rotation and activity in two benchmark open clusters: Praesepe and the Hyades. As they have the same age and roughly solar metallicity, these clusters serve as an ideal laboratory for testing the agreement between theoretical and empirical rotation-activity relations at approximate to 600 Myr. We have compiled a sample of 720 spectra-more than half of which are new observations-for 516 high-confidence members of Praesepe; we have also obtained 139 new spectra for 130 high-confidence Hyads. We have also collected rotation periods (P-rot) for 135 Praesepe members and 87 Hyads. To compare H alpha emission, an indicator of chromospheric activity, as a function of color, mass, and Rossby number R-o, we first calculate an expanded set of chi values, with which we can obtain the H alpha to bolometric luminosity ratio, L-H alpha/L-bol, even when spectra are not flux-calibrated and/or stars lack reliable distances. Our. values cover a broader range of stellar masses and colors (roughly equivalent to spectral types from K0 to M9), and exhibit better agreement between independent calculations, than existing values. Unlike previous authors, we find no difference between the two clusters in their H alpha equivalent width or L-H alpha/L-bol distributions, and therefore take the merged H alpha and Prot data to be representative of 600 Myr old stars. Our analysis shows that H alpha activity in these stars is saturated for R-o <= 0.11(-0.03)(+0.02) Above that value activity declines as a power-law with slope beta = -0.73(-0.12,)(+0.06) before dropping off rapidly at Ro approximate to 0.4. These data provide a useful anchor for calibrating the age-activity-rotation relation beyond 600 Myr. C1 [Douglas, S. T.; Agueeros, M. A.; Bowsher, E. C.; Lemonias, J. J.; Fierroz, D. F.] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Covey, K. R.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Bochanski, J. J.] Haverford Coll, Haverford, PA 19041 USA. [Cargile, P. A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Cargile, P. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kraus, A.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Law, N. M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Arce, H. G.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Kundert, A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bochanski, J. J.] Rider Univ, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. RP Douglas, ST (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, 550 West 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. OI Douglas, Stephanie/0000-0001-7371-2832; Covey, Kevin/0000-0001-6914-7797; Agueros, Marcel/0000-0001-7077-3664; Arce, Hector/0000-0001-5653-7817 FU NSF [AST-1255419, AST-1109612]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Participating Institutions; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science FX We thank the anonymous referee for comments that improved the paper. We thank John Thorstensen for his help with the MDM observations and the WIYN observing specialists for their assistance. We thank Stella Kafka and John Stauffer for sharing their spectra with us. We thank Sarah Schmidt, Keivan Stassun, Lucianne Walkowicz, Andrew West, and Nicholas Wright for useful discussions and comments. M.A.A. acknowledges support provided by the NSF through grant AST-1255419. P.A.C. acknowledges support provided by the NSF through grant AST-1109612. Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III Web site is http://www.sdss3.org/. NR 68 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 2014 VL 795 IS 2 AR 161 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/795/2/161 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8YT UT WOS:000343857900060 ER PT J AU Endl, M Caldwell, DA Barclay, T Huber, D Isaacson, H Buchhave, LA Brugamyer, E Robertson, P Cochran, WD MacQueen, PJ Havel, M Lucas, P Howell, SB Fischer, D Quintana, E Ciardi, DR AF Endl, Michael Caldwell, Douglas A. Barclay, Thomas Huber, Daniel Isaacson, Howard Buchhave, Lars A. Brugamyer, Erik Robertson, Paul Cochran, William D. MacQueen, Phillip J. Havel, Mathieu Lucas, Phillip Howell, Steve B. Fischer, Debra Quintana, Elisa Ciardi, David R. TI KEPLER-424 b: A "LONELY" HOT JUPITER THAT FOUND A COMPANION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; stars: individual ( KOI-22, KOI-127, KOI-135, KOI-183, KOI-214, Kepler-43, Kepler-77); techniques: radial velocities ID HOBBY-EBERLY TELESCOPE; TRANSITING EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; GIANT PLANETS; HOST STARS; CANDIDATES; EVOLUTION; MISSION; EXOPLANETS; I.; PERTURBATIONS AB Hot Jupiter systems provide unique observational constraints for migration models in multiple systems and binaries. We report on the discovery of the Kepler-424 (KOI-214) two-planet system, which consists of a transiting hot Jupiter (Kepler-424b) in a 3.31 day orbit accompanied by a more massive outer companion in an eccentric (e = 0.3) 223 day orbit. The outer giant planet, Kepler-424c, is not detected transiting the host star. The masses of both planets and the orbital parameters for the second planet were determined using precise radial velocity (RV) measurements from the Hobby-Eberly Telescope (HET) and its High Resolution Spectrograph (HRS). In stark contrast to smaller planets, hot Jupiters are predominantly found to be lacking any nearby additional planets; they appear to be "lonely". This might be a consequence of these systems having a highly dynamical past. The Kepler-424 planetary system has a hot Jupiter in a multiple system, similar to. Andromedae. We also present our results for Kepler-422 (KOI-22), Kepler-77 (KOI-127), Kepler-43 (KOI-135), and Kepler-423 (KOI-183). These results are based on spectroscopic data collected with the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT), the Keck 1 telescope, and HET. For all systems, we rule out false positives based on various follow-up observations, confirming the planetary nature of these companions. We performed a comparison with planetary evolutionary models which indicate that these five hot Jupiters have heavy element contents between 20 and 120 M-circle plus. C1 [Endl, Michael; Cochran, William D.; MacQueen, Phillip J.] Univ Texas Austin, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Caldwell, Douglas A.; Barclay, Thomas; Huber, Daniel; Havel, Mathieu; Howell, Steve B.; Quintana, Elisa] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Barclay, Thomas] Bay Area Environm Res Inst, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA. [Huber, Daniel] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Isaacson, Howard] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Buchhave, Lars A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Buchhave, Lars A.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Brugamyer, Erik; Cochran, William D.; MacQueen, Phillip J.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Robertson, Paul] Penn State Univ, Ctr Exoplanets & Habitable Worlds, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lucas, Phillip] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Fischer, Debra] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Ciardi, David R.] CALTECH, NASA Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Endl, M (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. OI Buchhave, Lars A./0000-0003-1605-5666; Ciardi, David/0000-0002-5741-3047 NR 56 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 2014 VL 795 IS 2 AR 151 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/795/2/151 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8YT UT WOS:000343857900050 ER PT J AU Fish, VL Johnson, MD Lu, RS Doeleman, SS Bouman, KL Zoran, D Freeman, WT Psaltis, D Narayan, R Pankratius, V Broderick, AE Gwinn, CR Vertatschitsch, LE AF Fish, Vincent L. Johnson, Michael D. Lu, Ru-Sen Doeleman, Sheperd S. Bouman, Katherine L. Zoran, Daniel Freeman, William T. Psaltis, Dimitrios Narayan, Ramesh Pankratius, Victor Broderick, Avery E. Gwinn, Carl R. Vertatschitsch, Laura E. TI IMAGING AN EVENT HORIZON: MITIGATION OF SCATTERING TOWARD SAGITTARIUS A SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: individual (Sgr A*); Galaxy: center; scattering; techniques: image processing; techniques: interferometric ID SGR-A-ASTERISK; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; NO-HAIR THEOREM; GALACTIC-CENTER; BROADENED IMAGE; INTRINSIC SIZE; STRUCTURAL SIMILARITY; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; VLBI OBSERVATIONS; STELLAR ORBITS AB The image of the emission surrounding the black hole in the center of the Milky Way is predicted to exhibit the imprint of general relativistic (GR) effects, including the existence of a shadow feature and a photon ring of diameter similar to 50 mu as. Structure on these scales can be resolved by millimeter-wavelength very long baseline interferometry. However, strong-fieldGRfeatures of interest will be blurred at lambda >= 1.3 mm due to scattering by interstellar electrons. The scattering properties are well understood over most of the relevant range of baseline lengths, suggesting that the scattering may be (mostly) invertible. We simulate observations of a model image of Sgr A* and demonstrate that the effects of scattering can indeed be mitigated by correcting the visibilities before reconstructing the image. This technique is also applicable to Sgr A* at longer wavelengths. C1 [Fish, Vincent L.; Lu, Ru-Sen; Doeleman, Sheperd S.; Pankratius, Victor] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Johnson, Michael D.; Doeleman, Sheperd S.; Narayan, Ramesh; Vertatschitsch, Laura E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bouman, Katherine L.; Zoran, Daniel; Freeman, William T.] MIT, Comp Sci & Artificial Intelligence Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Psaltis, Dimitrios] Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Psaltis, Dimitrios] Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Broderick, Avery E.] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada. [Broderick, Avery E.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Gwinn, Carl R.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Fish, VL (reprint author), MIT, Haystack Observ, Route 40, Westford, MA 01886 USA. EM vfish@haystack.mit.edu OI Narayan, Ramesh/0000-0002-1919-2730 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [AST 1312034, AST 1312651]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF-3561]; NSF Graduate Fellowship; NASA/NSF TCAN [NNX14AB48G]; Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada through Industry Canada; Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research and Innovation FX The Event Horizon Telescope is supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF) and from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (#GBMF-3561). K.L.B. is partially supported by an NSF Graduate Fellowship. D.P. is supported by NASA/NSF TCAN award NNX14AB48G and by NSF award AST 1312034. R.N. was supported in part by NSF grant AST 1312651. A.E.B. receives financial support from the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada through a Discovery Grant. Research at Perimeter Institute is supported by the Government of Canada through Industry Canada and by the Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research and Innovation. NR 60 TC 34 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 2014 VL 795 IS 2 AR 134 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/795/2/134 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8YT UT WOS:000343857900033 ER PT J AU Naoz, S Silk, J AF Naoz, Smadar Silk, Joseph TI FORMATION OF DARK MATTER TORI AROUND SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES VIA THE ECCENTRIC KOZAI-LIDOV MECHANISM SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: center; quasars: supermassive black holes ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; HIERARCHICAL 3-BODY SYSTEMS; UNIVERSAL DENSITY PROFILE; EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES; HOT JUPITERS; SDSS J092712.65+294344.0; ORBITAL EVOLUTION; SECULAR EVOLUTION; GLOBULAR-CLUSTERS; STELLAR BINARIES AB We explore the effects of long-term secular perturbations on the distribution of dark matter particles around supermassive black hole (BH) binaries. We show that in the hierarchical (in separation) three-body problem, one of the BHs and a dark matter particle form an inner binary. Gravitational perturbations from the BH companion, on a much wider orbit, can cause the dark matter particle to reach extremely high eccentricities and even get accreted onto the BH by what is known as the eccentric Kozai-Lidov (EKL) mechanism. We show that this may produce a torus-like configuration for the dark matter distribution around the less massive member of the BH binary. We first consider an intermediate BH (IMBH) in the vicinity of our galactic center, which may be a relic of a past minor merger. We show that if the IMBH is close enough (i.e., near the stellar disk) the EKL mechanism is very efficient in exciting the eccentricity of dark matter particles in near-polar configurations to extremely high values where they are accreted by the IMBH. We show that this mechanism is even more effective if the central BH grows in mass, where we have assumed adiabatic growth. Because near-polar configurations are disrupted, a torus-like shape is formed. We also show that this behavior is also likely to be relevant for supermassive BH binaries. We suggest that if the BHs are spinning, the accreted dark matter particles may linger in the ergosphere, and thereby generate self-annihilations and produce an indirect signature of potential interest. C1 [Naoz, Smadar] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Naoz, Smadar] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Silk, Joseph] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR7095, F-75014 Paris, France. [Silk, Joseph] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Silk, Joseph] Univ Oxford, Beecroft Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. RP Naoz, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM snaoz@astro.ucla.edu OI Naoz, Smadar/0000-0002-9802-9279 FU NASA [PF2-130096]; Chandra X-Ray Center; IAP by the ERC project [267117]; NSF [OIA-1124403] FX We thank Avi Loeb, Laura Blecha, Doug Finkbeiner, and Enrico Barausse for useful discussions. We also thank the anonymous referee for carefully reading the manuscript and providing valuable suggestions. S.N. was partly supported by NASA through a Einstein Post-Doctoral Fellowship awarded by the Chandra X-Ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract PF2-130096. The research of J.S. has been supported at IAP by the ERC project 267117 (DARK) hosted by Universite Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6 and at JHU by NSF grant OIA-1124403. NR 126 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 2014 VL 795 IS 2 AR 102 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/795/2/102 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8YT UT WOS:000343857900001 ER PT J AU Schmitt, JR Agol, E Deck, KM Rogers, LA Gazak, JZ Fischer, DA Wang, J Holman, MJ Jek, KJ Margossian, C Omohundro, MR Winarski, T Brewer, JM Giguere, MJ Lintott, C Lynn, S Parrish, M Schawinski, K Schwamb, ME Simpson, R Smith, AM AF Schmitt, Joseph R. Agol, Eric Deck, Katherine M. Rogers, Leslie A. Gazak, J. Zachary Fischer, Debra A. Wang, Ji Holman, Matthew J. Jek, Kian J. Margossian, Charles Omohundro, Mark R. Winarski, Troy Brewer, John M. Giguere, Matthew J. Lintott, Chris Lynn, Stuart Parrish, Michael Schawinski, Kevin Schwamb, Megan E. Simpson, Robert Smith, Arfon M. TI PLANET HUNTERS. VII. DISCOVERY OF A NEW LOW-MASS, LOW-DENSITY PLANET (PH3 C) ORBITING KEPLER-289 WITH MASS MEASUREMENTS OF TWO ADDITIONAL PLANETS (PH3 B AND D) SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Planets and satellites: detection; surveys ID TRANSIT TIMING VARIATIONS; DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; 1ST 12 QUARTERS; DATA RELEASE; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; ECLIPSING BINARIES; GIANT PLANET; ARCHIVE DATA; MISSION DATA; LIGHT-CURVE AB We report the discovery of one newly confirmed planet (P = 66.06 days, R-P = 2.68 +/- 0.17 R-circle plus.) and mass determinations of two previously validated Kepler planets, Kepler-289 b (P = 34.55 days, R-P = 2.15 +/- 0.10 R-circle plus.) and Kepler-289-c (P = 125.85 days, R-P = 11.59 +/- 0.10 R-circle plus), through their transit timing variations (TTVs). We also exclude the possibility that these three planets reside in a 1: 2: 4 Laplace resonance. The outer planet has very deep (similar to 1.3%), high signal-to-noise transits, which puts extremely tight constraints on its host star's stellar properties via Kepler's Third Law. The star PH3 is a young (similar to 1 Gyr as determined by isochrones and gyrochronology), Sun-like star with M-* = 1.08 +/- 0.02 M-circle plus, R-* = 1.00 +/- 0.02 R-circle plus, and T-eff = 5990 +/- 38 K. The middle planet's large TTV amplitude (similar to 5 hr) resulted either in non-detections or inaccurate detections in previous searches. A strong chopping signal, a shorter period sinusoid in the TTVs, allows us to break the mass-eccentricity degeneracy and uniquely determine the masses of the inner, middle, and outer planets to be M = 7.3 +/- 6.8 M-circle plus, 4.0 +/- 0.9 M-circle plus, and M = 132 +/- 17 M-circle plus, which we designate PH3 b, c, and d, respectively. Furthermore, the middle planet, PH3 c, has a relatively low density, rho = 1.2 +/- 0.3 g cm(-3) for a planet of its mass, requiring a substantial H/He atmosphere of 2.1(-0.3)(+0.8)% by mass, and joins a growing population of low-mass, low-density planets. C1 [Schmitt, Joseph R.; Fischer, Debra A.; Wang, Ji; Margossian, Charles; Brewer, John M.; Giguere, Matthew J.] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Agol, Eric] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Deck, Katherine M.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Deck, Katherine M.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Rogers, Leslie A.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Rogers, Leslie A.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Gazak, J. Zachary] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Holman, Matthew J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lintott, Chris; Simpson, Robert] Oxford Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Lintott, Chris; Lynn, Stuart; Parrish, Michael; Smith, Arfon M.] Adler Planetarium, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Schawinski, Kevin] ETH, Inst Astron, Dept Phys, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Schwamb, Megan E.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. RP Schmitt, JR (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. EM joseph.schmitt@yale.edu OI Smith, Arfon/0000-0002-3957-2474; /0000-0002-0802-9145; Rogers, Leslie/0000-0003-0638-3455; Schmitt, Joseph/0000-0003-1874-0552; Brewer, John/0000-0002-9873-1471; Schwamb, Megan/0000-0003-4365-1455; Schawinski, Kevin/0000-0001-5464-0888; Wang, Ji/0000-0002-4361-8885; Fischer, Debra/0000-0003-2221-0861 FU NSF Career grant [AST 0645416]; NASA Astrobiology Institutes Virtual Planetary Laboratory - NASA [NNH05ZDA001C]; NASA Origins of Solar Systems [12-OSS12-0011]; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship; Yale University; NASA Supplemental Outreach Award [10-OUTRCH.210-0001]; NASA [ADAP12-0172, NAS 5-26555]; NASA through Space Telescope Science Institute [HF-51313]; Swiss National Science Foundation [PP00P2_ 138979/1]; Academia Sinica postdoctoral fellowship; Leverhulme Trust; Alfred P. Sloan foundation; NASA JPL's PlanetQuest program; NSF [DRL-0941610]; NASA Science Mission directorate; NASA Office of Space Science [NNX13AC07G]; Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA [NAS5-26555]; W. M. Keck Foundation FX E.A. acknowledges funding by NSF Career grant AST 0645416; NASA Astrobiology Institutes Virtual Planetary Laboratory, supported by NASA under cooperative agreement NNH05ZDA001C; and NASA Origins of Solar Systems grant 12-OSS12-0011. K.M.D. acknowledges the support of an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship. D.F. acknowledges funding support for PlanetHunters. org from Yale University and support from the NASA Supplemental Outreach Award, 10-OUTRCH.210-0001 and the NASA ADAP12-0172. L.A.R. gratefully acknowledges support provided by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant # HF-51313 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS 5-26555. K.S. gratefully acknowledges support from Swiss National Science Foundation Grant PP00P2_ 138979/1. M.E.S. is supported in part by an Academia Sinica postdoctoral fellowship.; This research has made use of the Exoplanet Orbit Database and the Exoplanet Data Explorer at exoplanets. org. The Zooniverse is supported by The Leverhulme Trust and by the Alfred P. Sloan foundation. PH is supported in part by NASA JPL's PlanetQuest program. The Talk system used by PH was built during work supported by the NSF under grant No. DRL-0941610. We gratefully acknowledge the dedication and achievements of Kepler science team and all those who contributed to the success of the mission. We acknowledge use of public release data served by the NASA/IPAC/NExScI Star and Exoplanet Database, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services. This paper includes data collected by the Kepler spacecraft, and we gratefully acknowledge the entire Kepler mission team's efforts in obtaining and providing the light curves used in this analysis. Funding for the Kepler mission is provided by the NASA Science Mission directorate. Support for MAST for non-HST data is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science via grant NNX13AC07G and by other grants and contracts. Some of the data presented in this paper were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for MAST for non-HST data is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science via grant NNX13AC07G and by other grants and contracts. The data presented herein were partly obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory, which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. NR 90 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 10 PY 2014 VL 795 IS 2 AR 167 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/795/2/167 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8YT UT WOS:000343857900066 ER PT J AU Harrop, J Vecchione, M Felley, JD AF Harrop, Jessica Vecchione, Michael Felley, James D. TI In situ observations on behaviour of the ommastrephid squid genus Illex (Cephalopoda: Ommastrephidae) in the northwestern Atlantic SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY LA English DT Article DE Ommastrephidae; ethogram; squid; depth distribution; behaviour ID BODY PATTERNING BEHAVIOR; ETHOGRAM; ILLECEBROSUS; HISTORY; SEA AB We compiled observations of ommastrephid squid of the genus Illex, primarily Illex illecebrosus from archived submarine video footage recorded during dives off Cape Hatteras and New England, and in the Gulf of Mexico. Based on the behaviour observed, we derived a partial in situ ethogram, or catalogue of the body patterns and behaviour. In total, 36 components were observed: 16 chromatic components (5 light and 11 dark), 10 postural components and 10 locomotor components. Co-occurrence analyses were used to show that specific sets of components occurred together either more or less often than they would if chosen at random. In addition, some of the components were observed occurring during specific behaviours, such as bottom sitting, hunting, or schooling. Such observations by submersibles also provide very precise, although incomplete, records of depth distribution. We summarize the depths and altitudes above bottom of these observations by time of day. Most of the squid were observed near bottom at depths of about 200-900m. The deepest depths observed were during daytime and the shallowest during the evening. However, individuals were observed as much as 1000m above the bottom during daytime whereas others were on or near the bottom in deep water during the evening. C1 [Vecchione, Michael] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, NMFS Natl Systemat Lab, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Felley, James D.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Vecchione, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, NMFS Natl Systemat Lab, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM vecchiom@si.edu NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-2933 EI 1464-5262 J9 J NAT HIST JI J. Nat. Hist. PD NOV 10 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 41-42 BP 2501 EP 2516 DI 10.1080/00222933.2014.937367 PG 16 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ5FO UT WOS:000342832200002 ER PT J AU Campbell, JE Craft, JD Muehllehner, N Langdon, C Paul, VJ AF Campbell, Justin E. Craft, Jonathan D. Muehllehner, Nancy Langdon, Chris Paul, Valerie J. TI Responses of calcifying algae (Halimeda spp.) to ocean acidification: implications for herbivores SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Carbon dioxide; CO2; Calcification; Calcium carbonate; Secondary metabolites; Halimeda opuntia; Halimeda incrassata; Halimeda simulans; Lytechinus variegatus; Diadema antillarum ID TROPICAL GREEN-ALGAE; CHEMICAL DEFENSE; CORAL-REEF; SECONDARY METABOLITES; THALASSIA-TESTUDINUM; CALCIUM-CARBONATE; CALCIFICATION; SUSCEPTIBILITY; CHLOROPHYTA; CO2 AB Ocean acidification (OA) can alter the development and physiology of many marine organisms. In addition to calcified invertebrates, studies documenting the responses of calcareous algae are critical because of their prominent role in habitat structure and carbonate production within coastal environments. While many studies report physiological responses, few have examined how OA might ultimately alter interactions with generalist herbivores via shifts in algal chemistry. This study describes a series of experiments that examine the influence of OA on the growth and herbivore defensive compounds of calcareous green algae (Halimeda spp.). One experiment was conducted in an open, outdoor seawater system with H. opuntia, while the other was conducted in an indoor, closed system with H. incrassata and H. simulans. Both experiments were conducted over similar ranges in pCO(2) (300 to 2400 mu atm) and monitored shifts in calcification and herbivore defenses (calcium carbonate [CaCO3] and terpenoid metabolite content). Feedings assays with common sea urchins (Lytechinus variegatus and Diadema antillarum) were further conducted to test the degree to which shifts in algal chemistry influence herbivore feeding preferences. Our results were variable among Halimeda spp., highlighting that OA-induced shifts in chemical composition are species-specific. OA reduced the CaCO3 content (% dry wt) of H. incrassata yet had no effect on H. opuntia or H. simulans. Terpenoid metabolite concentrations were unaltered by pCO(2) for all species. Assays with sea urchins revealed that feeding significantly increased on diets of lower CaCO3 and secondary metabolite content. Our work suggests that certain algal species may be relatively more susceptible to OA-induced shifts in chemical composition, and those shifts have the potential to weaken the efficacy of herbivore defenses. Future research on how OA influences marine plant-herbivore interactions will improve our broader understanding of how OA stands to alter community and ecosystem properties. C1 [Campbell, Justin E.; Craft, Jonathan D.; Paul, Valerie J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Muehllehner, Nancy; Langdon, Chris] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Corals & Climate Change Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA. RP Campbell, JE (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn, 701 Seaway Dr, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. EM campbellju@si.edu FU Smithsonian Marine Science Network and Scholarly Studies Program; National Science Foundation [OCE0547169, OCE0648049] FX We thank Thomas Sauvage, Raphael Ritson-Williams, Carlos Gomez, and Sarath Gunasekara for their assistance in the laboratory. Hugh Reichardt, Woody Lee, and Joan Kaminski provided logistical support. This work was made possible through grants from the Smithsonian Marine Science Network and Scholarly Studies Program awarded to V.J.P. The Corals and Climate Change facility at the University of Miami was made possible by grants (OCE0547169 and OCE0648049) from the National Science Foundation awarded to C.L. This is contribution no. 967 to the SMS at Fort Pierce. NR 58 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 10 U2 75 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 EI 1616-1599 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD NOV 6 PY 2014 VL 514 BP 43 EP 56 DI 10.3354/meps10981 PG 14 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA AU6GC UT WOS:000345700700004 ER PT J AU Schindel, DE Du Plessis, P AF Schindel, David E. Du Plessis, Pierre TI Reap the benefits of the Nagoya Protocol SO NATURE LA English DT Letter C1 [Schindel, David E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Du Plessis, Pierre] CRIAA Southern African Dev & Consulting, Windhoek, Namibia. RP Schindel, DE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM schindeld@si.edu NR 1 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 17 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD NOV 6 PY 2014 VL 515 IS 7525 BP 37 EP 37 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AS3OE UT WOS:000344187500018 PM 25373666 ER PT J AU Zhuravleva, I Churazov, E Schekochihin, AA Allen, SW Arevalo, P Fabian, AC Forman, WR Sanders, JS Simionescu, A Sunyaev, R Vikhlinin, A Werner, N AF Zhuravleva, I. Churazov, E. Schekochihin, A. A. Allen, S. W. Arevalo, P. Fabian, A. C. Forman, W. R. Sanders, J. S. Simionescu, A. Sunyaev, R. Vikhlinin, A. Werner, N. TI Turbulent heating in galaxy clusters brightest in X-rays SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; VELOCITY POWER SPECTRA; INTERNAL GRAVITY-WAVES; COOLING FLOWS; GAS-DENSITY; THERMAL CONDUCTION; SURFACE BRIGHTNESS; PERSEUS CLUSTER; FEEDBACK; PLASMAS AB The hot (10(7) to 10(8) kelvin), X-ray-emitting intracluster medium (ICM) is the dominant baryonic constituent of clusters of galaxies. In the cores of many clusters, radiative energy losses from the ICM occur on timescalesmuch shorter than the age of the system(1-3). Unchecked, this cooling would lead to massive accumulations of cold gas and vigorous star formation(4), in contradiction to observations(5). Various sources of energy capable of compensating for these cooling losses have been proposed, themost promising being heating by the super-massive black holes in the central galaxies, through inflation of bubbles of relativistic plasma(6-9). Regardless of the original source of energy, the question of how this energy is transferred to the ICM remains open. Here we present a plausible solution to this question based on deep X-ray data and a new data analysis method that enable us to evaluate directly the ICM heating rate from the dissipation of turbulence. We find that turbulent heating is sufficient to offset radiative cooling and indeed appears to balance it locally at each radius-it may therefore be the key element in resolving the gas cooling problem in cluster cores and, more universally, in the atmospheres of X-ray emitting, gas-rich systems on scales from galaxy clusters to groups and elliptical galaxies. C1 [Zhuravleva, I.; Allen, S. W.; Werner, N.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Zhuravleva, I.; Allen, S. W.; Werner, N.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Churazov, E.; Sunyaev, R.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Churazov, E.; Sunyaev, R.] Space Res Inst IKI, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Schekochihin, A. A.] Univ Oxford, Rudolf Peierls Ctr Theoret Phys, Oxford OX1 3NP, England. [Schekochihin, A. A.] Univ Oxford, Merton Coll, Oxford OX1 4JD, England. [Allen, S. W.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Arevalo, P.] Univ Valparaiso, Fac Ciencias, Inst Fis & Astron, Valparaiso, Chile. [Arevalo, P.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile. [Fabian, A. C.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Forman, W. R.; Vikhlinin, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sanders, J. S.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Simionescu, A.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. RP Zhuravleva, I (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM zhur@stanford.edu RI Churazov, Eugene/A-7783-2013; OI Sanders, Jeremy/0000-0003-2189-4501; Forman, William/0000-0002-9478-1682 FU NASA through Chandra award by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center [AR4-15013X]; NASA [NAS8-03060]; US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-76SF00515]; Suzaku grants [NNX12AE05G, NNX13AI49G]; Fondecyt [1140304]; European Commission [PIRSES-GA -2010-2692 64]; Russian Scientific Foundation [14-22-00271] FX Support for this work was provided by the NASA through Chandra award number AR4-15013X issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the NASA under contract NAS8-03060. S. W. A. acknowledges support from the US Department of Energy under contract number DE-AC02-76SF00515. I.Z. and N.W. are partially supported from Suzaku grants NNX12AE05G and NNX13AI49G. P. A. acknowledges financial support from Fondecyt 1140304 and European Commission's Framework Programme 7, through the Marie Curie International Research Staff Exchange Scheme LACEGAL (PIRSES-GA -2010-2692 64). E. C. and R. S. are partially supported by grant no. 14-22-00271 from the Russian Scientific Foundation. NR 54 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 4 U2 20 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD NOV 6 PY 2014 VL 515 IS 7525 BP 85 EP + DI 10.1038/nature13830 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AS3OE UT WOS:000344187500033 PM 25363764 ER PT J AU Nakahara, S Fratello, SA Harvey, DJ AF Nakahara, Shinichi Fratello, Steven A. Harvey, Donald J. TI A new species of Euptychia Hubner, 1818 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini) from Mount Roraima, Guyana SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Euptychiina; genitalia; Guianas; Neotropical; Pantepui; Satyrinae AB A new nymphalid species in the subtribe Euptychiina, Euptychia roraima Nakahara, Fratello & Harvey n. sp., is described from Mount Roraima, Guyana. Both internal and external morphology of E. roraima are compared against several Euptychia species and the relationship between E. roraima and congeners is briefly discussed. A strong case is put forth for further and extensive exploration of the Pantepui region concerning its poorly known butterfly fauna. C1 [Nakahara, Shinichi] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, McGuire Ctr Lepidoptera & Biodivers, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Harvey, Donald J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Nakahara, S (reprint author), Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, McGuire Ctr Lepidoptera & Biodivers, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM snakahara@ufl.edu; sfratell@suffolk.lib.ny.us; harveyd@si.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-1256742] FX Our colleagues Mauro Costa (Caracas, Venezuela), Andrew Neild (London, UK) and Dr. Keith Willmott (McGuire Center, USA) generously shared data and specimen photos, including undescribed species, concerning other Pantepui and Andean Euptychia species; this additional information added context to the one known specimen of E. roraima and accounted for a better article. We are grateful to Andrew Neild for reading and making comment on our manuscript. Karie Darrow (USNM, USA) took the excellent genitalia photos. The first author acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation, Grant No. DEB-1256742. The second author thanks the following people for the specimen of E. roraima and other butterflies collected on the Smithsonian Mt. Roraima ornithology expedition: expedition leader Dr. Mike Braun (USNM, USA) allowed butterfly collecting on this Smithsonian Division of Birds expedition; Museum Specialist Chris Milensky (USNM, USA), and predominantly University of Guyana student Wiltshire Hinds (Guyana) and Guyanese national expedition guide/worker Romeo Williams (Guyana) undertook the collecting effort; Chris Milensky assiduously made sure specimens and data were brought back to the Smithsonian Lepidoptera collection. Chris Milensky also generously allowed his photos of Mt. Roraima to be used on this and the second author's previous article. Finally, we thank Rayner Nunez Agulia (Cuba) and an anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments on the manuscript. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD NOV 5 PY 2014 VL 3881 IS 3 BP 291 EP 300 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AS2ZK UT WOS:000344144800007 PM 25543637 ER PT J AU Erickson, DL Jones, FA Swenson, NG Pei, NC Bourg, NA Chen, WN Davies, SJ Ge, XJ Hao, ZQ Howe, RW Huang, CL Larson, AJ Lum, SKY Lutz, JA Ma, KP Meegaskumbura, M Mi, XC Parker, JD Fang-Sun, I Wright, SJ Wolf, AT Ye, W Xing, DL Zimmerman, JK Kress, WJ AF Erickson, David L. Jones, Frank A. Swenson, Nathan G. Pei, Nancai Bourg, Norman A. Chen, Wenna Davies, Stuart J. Ge, Xue-jun Hao, Zhanqing Howe, Robert W. Huang, Chun-Lin Larson, Andrew J. Lum, Shawn K. Y. Lutz, James A. Ma, Keping Meegaskumbura, Madhava Mi, Xiangcheng Parker, John D. Fang-Sun, I. Wright, S. Joseph Wolf, Amy T. Ye, W. Xing, Dingliang Zimmerman, Jess K. Kress, W. John TI Comparative evolutionary diversity and phylogenetic structure across multiple forest dynamics plots: a mega-phylogeny approach SO FRONTIERS IN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL TREE COMMUNITIES; BETA DIVERSITY; ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; TRAIT EVOLUTION; CONSERVATISM; BIODIVERSITY; DISPERSION; SUPERTREE; ACCURACY AB Forest dynamics plots, which now span longitudes, latitudes, and habitat types across the globe, offer unparalleled insights into the ecological and evolutionary processes that determine how species are assembled into communities. Understanding phylogenetic relationships among species in a community has become an important component of assessing assembly processes. However, the application of evolutionary information to questions in community ecology has been limited in large part by the lack of accurate estimates of phylogenetic relationships among individual species found within communities, and is particularly limiting in comparisons between communities. Therefore, streamlining and maximizing the information content of these community phylogenies is a priority. To test the viability and advantage of a multi-community phylogeny, we constructed a multi-plot mega-phylogeny of 1347 species of trees across 15 forest dynamics plots in the ForestGEO network using DNA barcode sequence data (rbcL, matK, and psbA-tmH) and compared community phylogenies for each individual plot with respect to support for topology and branch lengths, which affect evolutionary inference of community processes. The levels of taxonomic differentiation across the phylogeny were examined by quantifying the frequency of resolved nodes throughout. In addition, three phylogenetic distance (PD) metrics that are commonly used to infer assembly processes were estimated for each plot [PD, Mean Phylogenetic Distance (MPD), and Mean Nearest Taxon Distance (MNTD)]. Lastly, we examine the partitioning of phylogenetic diversity among community plots through quantification of inter-community MPD and MNTD. Overall, evolutionary relationships were highly resolved across the DNA barcode-based mega-phylogeny, and phylogenetic resolution for each community plot was improved when estimated within the context of the mega-phylogeny. Likewise, when compared with phylogenies for individual plots, estimates of phylogenetic diversity in the mega-phylogeny were more consistent, thereby removing a potential source of biasat the plot-level, and demonstrating the value of assessing phylogenetic relationships simultaneously within a mega-phylogeny. An unexpected result of the comparisons among plots based on the mega-phylogeny was that the communities in the ForestGEO plots in general appear to be assemblages of more closely related species than expected by chance, and that differentiation among communities is very low, suggesting deep floristic connections among communities and new avenues for future analyses in community ecology. C1 [Erickson, David L.; Kress, W. John] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Jones, Frank A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Jones, Frank A.; Wright, S. Joseph] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Swenson, Nathan G.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Pei, Nancai] Chinese Acad Forestry, State Forestry Adm, Res Inst Trop Forestry, Forest Ecosyst Stn Pearl River Delta, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Bourg, Norman A.] Smithsonian Inst, Smithsonian Conversat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Front Royal, VA USA. [Chen, Wenna; Ge, Xue-jun; Ye, W.] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Plant Resources Conservat & Sustainable U, South China Bot Garden, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Davies, Stuart J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Forest Global Earth Observat, Washington, DC USA. [Hao, Zhanqing; Xing, Dingliang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, State Key Lab Forest & Soil Ecol, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China. [Howe, Robert W.; Wolf, Amy T.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Nat & Appl Sci, Biol Program, Green Bay, WI 54302 USA. [Huang, Chun-Lin] Natl Museum Nat Sci, Dept Biol, Lab Mol Phylogenet, Taichung, Taiwan. [Larson, Andrew J.] Univ Montana, Dept Forest Management, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Lum, Shawn K. Y.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Natl Inst Educ, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Lutz, James A.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Ma, Keping; Mi, Xiangcheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Change, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Meegaskumbura, Madhava] Univ Peradeniya, Fac Sci, Dept Zool, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka. [Parker, John D.] Smithsonian Inst, Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD USA. [Fang-Sun, I.] Natl Dong Hwa Univ, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Studies, Hualien, Taiwan. [Zimmerman, Jess K.] Univ Puerto Rico, Inst Trop Ecosyst Studies, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. RP Erickson, DL (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Museum Routing Code 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM ericksond@si.edu OI Parker, John/0000-0002-3632-7625; Bourg, Norman/0000-0002-7443-1992 NR 59 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 24 PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-8021 J9 FRONT GENET JI Front. Genet. PD NOV 5 PY 2014 VL 5 AR 358 DI 10.3389/fgene.2014.00358 PG 14 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AZ0LF UT WOS:000347936200001 PM 25414723 ER PT J AU Sushkov, AO Lovchinsky, I Chisholm, N Walsworth, RL Park, H Lukin, MD AF Sushkov, A. O. Lovchinsky, I. Chisholm, N. Walsworth, R. L. Park, H. Lukin, M. D. TI Magnetic Resonance Detection of Individual Proton Spins Using Quantum Reporters SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AMBIENT CONDITIONS; COUPLED ELECTRON; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; HIGH-RESOLUTION; DIAMOND; SPECTROSCOPY; SENSITIVITY AB We demonstrate a method of magnetic resonance imaging with single nuclear-spin sensitivity under ambient conditions. Our method employs isolated electronic-spin quantum bits (qubits) as magnetic resonance "reporters" on the surface of high purity diamond. These spin qubits are localized with nanometer-scale uncertainty, and their quantum state is coherently manipulated and measured optically via a proximal nitrogen-vacancy color center located a few nanometers below the diamond surface. This system is then used for sensing, coherent coupling, and imaging of individual proton spins on the diamond surface with angstrom resolution. Our approach may enable direct structural imaging of complex molecules that cannot be accessed from bulk studies. It realizes a new platform for probing novel materials, monitoring chemical reactions, and manipulation of complex systems on surfaces at a quantum level. C1 [Sushkov, A. O.; Lovchinsky, I.; Walsworth, R. L.; Park, H.; Lukin, M. D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sushkov, A. O.; Park, H.] Harvard Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chisholm, N.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Walsworth, R. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Walsworth, R. L.] Harvard Univ, Ctr Brain Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Park, H.] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. RP Sushkov, AO (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM Hongkun_Park@harvard.edu; lukin@physics.harvard.edu FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (QuASAR program); National Science Foundation; Center for Ultracold Atoms; Army Research Office (MURI); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; AFOSR NDSEG Fellowship [32 CFR 168a]; NSERC PGS D FX We thank E. Kessler, M. L. Pham, C. Belthangady, N. de Leon, R. Evans, and P. Komar for discussions and experimental help, and D. Saville for help with graphics. This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (QuASAR program), National Science Foundation, Center for Ultracold Atoms, Army Research Office (MURI), and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. I. L. was supported by the AFOSR NDSEG Fellowship, 32 CFR 168a. N. C. was supported by NSERC PGS D. NR 38 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 36 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD NOV 3 PY 2014 VL 113 IS 19 AR 197601 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.197601 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CA7FR UT WOS:000349083700003 PM 25415924 ER PT J AU Laurino, O Budynkiewicz, J D'Abrusco, R Bonaventura, N Busko, I Cresitello-Dittmar, M Doe, SM Ebert, R Evans, JD Norris, P Pevunova, O Refsdal, B Thomas, B Thompson, R AF Laurino, O. Budynkiewicz, J. D'Abrusco, R. Bonaventura, N. Busko, I. Cresitello-Dittmar, M. Doe, S. M. Ebert, R. Evans, J. D. Norris, P. Pevunova, O. Refsdal, B. Thomas, B. Thompson, R. TI Iris: An extensible application for building and analyzing spectral energy distributions SO ASTRONOMY AND COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE Data abstraction; Method: data analysis; Object-oriented programming; Software frameworks; Spectral energy distribution; Virtual observatory tools ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS; JAVA TOOL; EMISSION; GALAXIES; MODEL; DISKS; VISUALIZATION; ACCELERATION; EVOLUTION AB Iris is an extensible application that provides astronomers with a user-friendly interface capable of ingesting broad-band data from many different sources in order to build, explore, and model spectral energy distributions (SEDs). Iris takes advantage of the standards defined by the International Virtual Observatory Alliance, but hides the technicalities of such standards by implementing different layers of abstraction on top of them. Such intermediate layers provide hooks that users and developers can exploit in order to extend the capabilities provided by Iris. For instance, custom Python models can be combined in arbitrary ways with the Iris built-in models or with other custom functions. As such, Iris offers a platform for the development and integration of SED data, services, and applications, either from the user's system or from the web. In this paper we describe the built-in features provided by Iris for building and analyzing SEDs. We also explore in some detail the Iris framework and software development kit, showing how astronomers and software developers can plug their code into an integrated SED analysis environment. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Laurino, O.; Budynkiewicz, J.; D'Abrusco, R.; Bonaventura, N.; Cresitello-Dittmar, M.; Doe, S. M.; Evans, J. D.; Refsdal, B.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Busko, I.; Thompson, R.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Ebert, R.; Pevunova, O.] Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Norris, P.; Thomas, B.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Laurino, O (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM olaurino@cfa.harvard.edu RI D'Abrusco, Raffaele/L-2767-2016; OI D'Abrusco, Raffaele/0000-0003-3073-0605; Laurino, Omar/0000-0001-9697-4659 FU Virtual Astronomical Observatory [AST0834235]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the Chandra X-ray Center [NAS8-03060]; Space Telescope Science Institute under National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NAS5-26555]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX Support for the development of Iris was provided by the Virtual Astronomical Observatory contract AST0834235. Support for Sherpa is provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration contract NAS8-03060. Support for Specview is provided by the Space Telescope Science Institute, operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under National Aeronautics and Space Administration contract NAS5-26555. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2213-1337 EI 2213-1345 J9 ASTRON COMPUT JI Astron. Comput. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 7-8 SI SI BP 81 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.ascom.2014.07.004 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Computer Science GA CI6VS UT WOS:000354902500010 ER PT J AU Abramowski, A Aharonian, F Benkhali, FA Akhperjanian, AG Anguner, EO Backes, M Balenderan, S Balzer, A Barnacka, A Becherini, Y Tjus, JB Berge, D Bernhard, S Bernlohr, K Birsin, E Biteau, J Bottcher, M Boisson, C Bolmont, J Bordas, P Bregeon, J Brun, F Brun, P Bryan, M Bulik, T Carrigan, S Casanova, S Chadwick, PM Chakraborty, N Chalme-Calvet, R Chaves, RCG Chretien, M Colafrancesco, S Cologna, G Conrad, J Couturier, C Cui, Y Dalton, M Davids, ID Degrange, B Deil, C dewilt, P Djannati-Atai, A Domainko, W Donath, A Drury, LO Dubus, G Dutson, K Dyks, J Dyrda, M Edwards, T Egberts, K Eger, P Espigat, P Farnier, C Fegan, S Feinstein, F Fernandes, MV Fernandez, D Fiasson, A Fontaine, G Forster, A Fuling, M Gabici, S Gajdus, M Gallant, YA Garrigoux, T Giavitto, G Giebels, B Glicenstein, JF Gottschall, D Grondin, MH Grudzinska, M Hadsch, D Haffner, S Hahn, J Harris, J Heinzelmann, G Henri, G Hermann, G Hervet, O Hillert, A Hinton, JA Hofmann, W Hofverberg, P Holler, M Horns, D Ivascenko, A Jacholkowska, A Jahn, C Jamrozy, M Janiak, M Jankowsky, F Jung, I Kastendieck, MA Katarzynski, K Katz, U Kaufmann, S Khelifi, B Kiefeer, M Klepser, S Klochkov, D Kluzniak, W Kolitzus, D Komin, N Kosack, K Krakau, S Krayzel, F Kruger, PP Laffon, H Lamanna, G Lefaucheur, J Lefranc, V Lemiere, A Lemoine-Goumard, M Lenain, JP Lohse, T Lopatin, A Lu, CC Marandon, V Marcowith, A Marx, R Maurin, G Maxted, N Mayer, M McComb, TJL Mehault, J Meintjes, PJ Menzler, U Meyer, M Mitchell, AMW Moderski, R Mohamed, M Mora, K Moulin, E Murach, T de Naurois, M Niemiec, J Nolan, SJ Oakes, L Odaka, H Ohm, S Opitz, B Ostrowski, M Oya, I Panter, M Parsons, RD Arribas, MP Pekeur, NW Pelletier, G Perez, J Petrucci, PO Peyaud, B Pita, S Poon, H Puhlhofer, G Punch, M Quirrenbach, A Raab, S Reichardt, I Reimer, A Reimer, O Renaud, M de los Reyes, R Rieger, F Rob, L Romoli, C Rosier-Lees, S Rowell, G Rudak, B Rulten, CB Sahakian, V Salek, D Sanchez, DA Santangelo, A Schlickeiser, R Schussler, F Schulz, A Schwanke, U Schwarzburg, S Schwemmer, S Sol, H Spanier, F Spengler, G Spies, F Stawarz, L Steenkamp, R Stegmann, C Stinzing, F Stycz, K Sushch, I Tavernet, JP Tavernier, T Taylor, AM Terrier, R Tluczykont, M Trichard, C Valerius, K Van Eldik, C Van Soelen, B Vasileiadis, G Veh, J Venter, C Viana, A Vincent, P Vink, J Volk, HJ Volpe, F Vorster, M Vuillaume, T Wagner, SJ Wagner, P Wagner, RM Ward, M Weidinger, M Weitzel, Q White, R Wierzcholska, A Willmann, P Wornlein, A Wouters, D Yang, R Zabalza, V Zaborov, D Zacharias, M Zdziarski, AA Zech, A Zechlin, HS AF Abramowski, A. Aharonian, F. Benkhali, F. Ait Akhperjanian, A. G. Anguner, E. O. Backes, M. Balenderan, S. Balzer, A. Barnacka, A. Becherini, Y. Tjus, J. Becker Berge, D. Bernhard, S. Bernlohr, K. Birsin, E. Biteau, J. Bottcher, M. Boisson, C. Bolmont, J. Bordas, P. Bregeon, J. Brun, F. Brun, P. Bryan, M. Bulik, T. Carrigan, S. Casanova, S. Chadwick, P. M. Chakraborty, N. Chalme-Calvet, R. Chaves, R. C. G. Chretien, M. Colafrancesco, S. Cologna, G. Conrad, J. Couturier, C. Cui, Y. Dalton, M. Davids, I. D. Degrange, B. Deil, C. dewilt, P. Djannati-Atai, A. Domainko, W. Donath, A. Drury, L. O'C. Dubus, G. Dutson, K. Dyks, J. Dyrda, M. Edwards, T. Egberts, K. Eger, P. Espigat, P. Farnier, C. Fegan, S. Feinstein, F. Fernandes, M. V. Fernandez, D. Fiasson, A. Fontaine, G. Forster, A. Fuling, M. Gabici, S. Gajdus, M. Gallant, Y. A. Garrigoux, T. Giavitto, G. Giebels, B. Glicenstein, J. F. Gottschall, D. Grondin, M. -H. Grudzinska, M. Hadsch, D. Haeffner, S. Hahn, J. Harris, J. Heinzelmann, G. Henri, G. Hermann, G. Hervet, O. Hillert, A. Hinton, J. A. Hofmann, W. Hofverberg, P. Holler, M. Horns, D. Ivascenko, A. Jacholkowska, A. Jahn, C. Jamrozy, M. Janiak, M. Jankowsky, F. Jung, I. Kastendieck, M. A. Katarzynski, K. Katz, U. Kaufmann, S. Khelifi, B. Kiefeer, M. Klepser, S. Klochkov, D. Kluzniak, W. Kolitzus, D. Komin, Nu. Kosack, K. Krakau, S. Krayzel, F. Kruger, P. P. Laffon, H. Lamanna, G. Lefaucheur, J. Lefranc, V. Lemiere, A. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Lenain, J. -P. Lohse, T. Lopatin, A. Lu, C. -C. Marandon, V. Marcowith, A. Marx, R. Maurin, G. Maxted, N. Mayer, M. McComb, T. J. L. Mehault, J. Meintjes, P. J. Menzler, U. Meyer, M. Mitchell, A. M. W. Moderski, R. Mohamed, M. Mora, K. Moulin, E. Murach, T. de Naurois, M. Niemiec, J. Nolan, S. J. Oakes, L. Odaka, H. Ohm, S. Opitz, B. Ostrowski, M. Oya, I. Panter, M. Parsons, R. D. Arribas, M. Paz Pekeur, N. W. Pelletier, G. Perez, J. Petrucci, P. -O. Peyaud, B. Pita, S. Poon, H. Puhlhofer, G. Punch, M. Quirrenbach, A. Raab, S. Reichardt, I. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Renaud, M. de los Reyes, R. Rieger, F. Rob, L. Romoli, C. Rosier-Lees, S. Rowell, G. Rudak, B. Rulten, C. B. Sahakian, V. Salek, D. Sanchez, D. A. Santangelo, A. Schlickeiser, R. Schussler, F. Schulz, A. Schwanke, U. Schwarzburg, S. Schwemmer, S. Sol, H. Spanier, F. Spengler, G. Spies, F. Stawarz, L. Steenkamp, R. Stegmann, C. Stinzing, F. Stycz, K. Sushch, I. Tavernet, J. -P. Tavernier, T. Taylor, A. M. Terrier, R. Tluczykont, M. Trichard, C. Valerius, K. Van Eldik, C. Van Soelen, B. Vasileiadis, G. Veh, J. Venter, C. Viana, A. Vincent, P. Vink, J. Volk, H. J. Volpe, F. Vorster, M. Vuillaume, T. Wagner, S. J. Wagner, P. Wagner, R. M. Ward, M. Weidinger, M. Weitzel, Q. White, R. Wierzcholska, A. Willmann, P. Wornlein, A. Wouters, D. Yang, R. Zabalza, V. Zaborov, D. Zacharias, M. Zdziarski, A. A. Zech, A. Zechlin, H. -S. CA HESSS Collaboration TI Long-term monitoring of PKS2155-304 with ATOM and HESS:investigation of optical/gamma-ray correlations in different spectral states SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; galaxies: active; black hole physics; BL Lacertae objects: individual: PKS 2155-304; galaxies: jets; gamma rays: galaxies ID OBJECT PKS 2155-304; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; EXTRAGALACTIC RADIO-SOURCES; ENERGY GAMMA-RAYS; XMM-NEWTON VIEW; BL-LACERTAE; X-RAY; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; TEV BLAZARS; RAPID VARIABILITY AB In this paper we report on the analysis of all the available optical and very high-energy gamma-ray (> 200 GeV) data for the BL Lac object PKS 2155-304, collected simultaneously with the ATOM and H.E.S.S. telescopes from 2007 until 2009. This study also includes X-ray (RXTE, Swift) and high-energy gamma-ray (Fermi-LAT) data. During the period analysed, the source was transitioning from its flaring to quiescent optical states, and was characterized by only moderate flux changes at different wavelengths on the timescales of days and months. A flattening of the optical continuum with an increasing optical flux can be noted in the collected dataset, but only occasionally and only at higher flux levels. We did not find any universal relation between the very high-energy gamma-ray and optical flux changes on the timescales from days and weeks up to several years. On the other hand, we noted that at higher flux levels the source can follow two distinct tracks in the optical flux-colour diagrams, which seem to be related to distinct gamma-ray states of the blazar. The obtained results therefore indicate a complex scaling between the optical and gamma-ray emission of PKS 2155 304, with different correlation patterns holding at different epochs, and a gamma-ray flux depending on the combination of an optical flux and colour rather than a flux alone. C1 [Abramowski, A.; Fernandes, M. V.; Heinzelmann, G.; Horns, D.; Kastendieck, M. A.; Opitz, B.; Spies, F.; Tluczykont, M.; Zechlin, H. -S.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Abramowski, A.; Aharonian, F.; Benkhali, F. Ait; Bernlohr, K.; Carrigan, S.; Casanova, S.; Chakraborty, N.; Deil, C.; Domainko, W.; Donath, A.; Edwards, T.; Eger, P.; Forster, A.; Grondin, M. -H.; Hahn, J.; Hermann, G.; Hillert, A.; Hofmann, W.; Hofverberg, P.; Lu, C. -C.; Marandon, V.; Marx, R.; Mitchell, A. M. W.; Odaka, H.; Panter, M.; Parsons, R. D.; Poon, H.; de los Reyes, R.; Rieger, F.; Viana, A.; Volk, H. J.; Volpe, F.; Weitzel, Q.; Yang, R.; Zabalza, V.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Aharonian, F.; Drury, L. O'C.; Romoli, C.; Taylor, A. M.] Dublin Inst Adv Studies, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Aharonian, F.; Akhperjanian, A. G.; Sahakian, V.] Natl Acad Sci Republ Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia. [Akhperjanian, A. G.; Sahakian, V.] Yerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, Armenia. [Anguner, E. O.; Bernlohr, K.; Birsin, E.; Gajdus, M.; Lohse, T.; Murach, T.; Oakes, L.; Oya, I.; Arribas, M. Paz; Schwanke, U.; Sushch, I.; Wagner, P.] Humboldt Univ, Inst Phys, D-12489 Berlin, Germany. [Backes, M.; Davids, I. D.; Steenkamp, R.] Univ Namibia, Dept Phys, Windhoek, Namibia. [Balenderan, S.; Chadwick, P. M.; Harris, J.; McComb, T. J. L.; Nolan, S. J.; Ward, M.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Balzer, A.; Bryan, M.; Vink, J.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, GRAPPA, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Barnacka, A.; Jamrozy, M.; Ostrowski, M.; Stawarz, L.] Uniwersytet Jagiellonski, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Barnacka, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Becherini, Y.] Linnaeus Univ, Dept Phys & Elect Engn, S-35195 Vaxjo, Sweden. [Tjus, J. Becker; Krakau, S.; Menzler, U.; Schlickeiser, R.; Weidinger, M.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Lehrstuhl Weltraum & Astrophys 4, Inst Theoret Phys, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. [Berge, D.] Univ Amsterdam, Inst High Energy Phys, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bernhard, S.; Hadsch, D.; Kolitzus, D.; Perez, J.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Biteau, J.; Degrange, B.; Fegan, S.; Fontaine, G.; Giebels, B.; de Naurois, M.; Zaborov, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Biteau, J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Bottcher, M.; Davids, I. D.; Ivascenko, A.; Kruger, P. P.; Pekeur, N. W.; Spanier, F.; Sushch, I.; Venter, C.; Vorster, M.] North West Univ, Ctr Space Res, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Boisson, C.; Hervet, O.; Rulten, C. B.; Sol, H.; Zech, A.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, Observ Paris, LUTH, F-92190 Meudon, France. [Bolmont, J.; Chalme-Calvet, R.; Chretien, M.; Couturier, C.; Garrigoux, T.; Jacholkowska, A.; Kiefeer, M.; Lenain, J. -P.; Tavernet, J. -P.; Vincent, P.] Univ Paris 06, Univ Denis Diderot Paris 7, CNRS, IN2P3,LPNHE, F-75252 Paris 5, France. [Bordas, P.; Cui, Y.; Gottschall, D.; Klochkov, D.; Puhlhofer, G.; Santangelo, A.; Schwarzburg, S.] Univ Tubingen, Inst Astron & Astrophys, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Bregeon, J.; Chaves, R. C. G.; Feinstein, F.; Fernandez, D.; Gallant, Y. A.; Marcowith, A.; Renaud, M.; Vasileiadis, G.] Univ Montpellier 3, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univ & Particules Montpellier, F-34095 Montpellier, France. [Brun, F.; Brun, P.; Glicenstein, J. F.; Kosack, K.; Lefranc, V.; Moulin, E.; Peyaud, B.; Schussler, F.; Wouters, D.] CEA Saclay, Irfu, DSM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Bulik, T.; Grudzinska, M.] Univ Warsaw, Astron Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Casanova, S.; Dyrda, M.; Niemiec, J.; Wierzcholska, A.] PAN, Inst Fizyki Jadrowej, PL-31342 Krakow, Poland. [Colafrancesco, S.; Komin, Nu.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Phys, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Cologna, G.; Grondin, M. -H.; Jankowsky, F.; Kaufmann, S.; Mohamed, M.; Quirrenbach, A.; Schwemmer, S.; Wagner, S. J.; Zacharias, M.] Heidelberg Univ, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Conrad, J.; Farnier, C.; Meyer, M.; Mora, K.; Spengler, G.; Wagner, R. M.] Stockholm Univ, Albanova Univ Ctr, Oskar Klein Ctr, Dept Phys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Dalton, M.; Laffon, H.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Mehault, J.] Univ Bordeaux 1, CNRS, IN2P3, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [dewilt, P.; Maxted, N.; Rowell, G.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Chem & Phys, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Djannati-Atai, A.; Espigat, P.; Gabici, S.; Khelifi, B.; Lefaucheur, J.; Lemiere, A.; Pita, S.; Punch, M.; Reichardt, I.; Tavernier, T.; Terrier, R.] Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Observ Paris, CEA,Irfu,CNRS,IN2P3,APC, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Dubus, G.; Henri, G.; Pelletier, G.; Petrucci, P. -O.; Vuillaume, T.] Univ Grenoble Alpes, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Dubus, G.; Henri, G.; Pelletier, G.; Petrucci, P. -O.; Vuillaume, T.] CNRS, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Dutson, K.; Hinton, J. A.; White, R.; Zabalza, V.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Dyks, J.; Janiak, M.; Kluzniak, W.; Moderski, R.; Rudak, B.; Zdziarski, A. A.] Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. [Egberts, K.; Fuling, M.; Holler, M.; Mayer, M.; Stegmann, C.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. [Fiasson, A.; Krayzel, F.; Lamanna, G.; Maurin, G.; Rosier-Lees, S.; Sanchez, D. A.; Trichard, C.] Univ Savoie, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Giavitto, G.; Klepser, S.; Ohm, S.; Schulz, A.; Stegmann, C.; Stycz, K.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Haeffner, S.; Jahn, C.; Jung, I.; Katz, U.; Lopatin, A.; Raab, S.; Stinzing, F.; Valerius, K.; Van Eldik, C.; Veh, J.; Willmann, P.; Wornlein, A.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Inst Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Katarzynski, K.] Nicholas Copernicus Univ, Fac Phys Astron & Informat, Ctr Astron, PL-87100 Torun, Poland. [Meintjes, P. J.; Van Soelen, B.] Univ Free State, Dept Phys, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Rob, L.] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Inst Particle & Nucl Phys, Prague 18000, Czech Republic. [Salek, D.] Univ Amsterdam, Inst High Energy Phys, GRAPPA, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Abramowski, A (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Inst Expt Phys, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. RI Moulin, Emmanuel/B-5959-2017; Komin, Nukri/J-6781-2015; Schussler, Fabian/G-5313-2013; Backes, Michael/N-5126-2016; Reichardt, Ignasi/P-7478-2016; Drury, Luke/B-1916-2017; Katarzynski, Krzysztof/G-4528-2014; Jamrozy, Marek/F-4507-2015; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Casanova, Sabrina/J-8935-2013; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; van Eldik, Christopher/C-3901-2013; Tjus, Julia/G-8145-2012; Meyer, Manuel/E-2697-2016 OI Moulin, Emmanuel/0000-0003-4007-0145; Chadwick, Paula/0000-0002-1468-2685; mohamed, mahmoud/0000-0002-4625-6242; de los Reyes Lopez, Raquel/0000-0003-0485-9552; Komin, Nukri/0000-0003-3280-0582; Schussler, Fabian/0000-0003-1500-6571; Backes, Michael/0000-0002-9326-6400; Reichardt, Ignasi/0000-0003-3694-3820; Drury, Luke/0000-0002-9257-2270; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Casanova, Sabrina/0000-0002-6144-9122; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; van Eldik, Christopher/0000-0001-9669-645X; Meyer, Manuel/0000-0002-0738-7581 FU German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF); Max Planck Society; French Ministry for Research; CNRS-IN2P3; Astroparticle Interdisciplinary Programme of the CNRS; U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC); IPNP of the Charles University; Czech Science Foundation; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education; South African Department of Science and Technology; National Research Foundation; University of Namibia; National Science Center [2011/03/N/ST9/01867] FX The support of the Namibian authorities and of the University of Namibia in facilitating the construction and operation of H.E.S.S. is gratefully acknowledged, as is the support by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), the Max Planck Society, the French Ministry for Research, the CNRS-IN2P3 and the Astroparticle Interdisciplinary Programme of the CNRS, the U.K. Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), the IPNP of the Charles University, the Czech Science Foundation, the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the South African Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation, and by the University of Namibia. We appreciate the excellent work of the technical support staff in Berlin, Durham, Hamburg, Heidelberg, Palaiseau, Paris, Saclay, and in Namibia in the construction and operation of the equipment. A.W. acknowledge support from the National Science Center (grant No. 2011/03/N/ST9/01867). NR 71 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 8 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 571 AR A39 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424142 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT9ZK UT WOS:000345282600058 ER PT J AU Bjerkeli, P Liseau, R Brinch, C Olofsson, G Santangelo, G Cabrit, S Benedettini, M Black, JH Herczeg, G Justtanont, K Kristensen, LE Larsson, B Nisini, B Tafalla, M AF Bjerkeli, P. Liseau, R. Brinch, C. Olofsson, G. Santangelo, G. Cabrit, S. Benedettini, M. Black, J. H. Herczeg, G. Justtanont, K. Kristensen, L. E. Larsson, B. Nisini, B. Tafalla, M. TI Resolving the shocked gas in HH54 with Herschel CO line mapping at high spatial and spectral resolution SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ISM: individual objects: HH 54; ISM: molecules; ISM: abundances; ISM: jets and outflows; stars: winds, outflows ID HERBIG-HARO OBJECTS; OUTFLOWS; INSTRUMENT; EMISSION; JETS; PACS AB Context. The HH 54 shock is a Herbig-Haro object, located in the nearby Chamaeleon II cloud. Observed CO line profiles are due to a complex distribution in density, temperature, velocity, and geometry. Aims. Resolving the HH 54 shock wave in the far-infrared (FIR) cooling lines of CO constrain the kinematics, morphology, and physical conditions of the shocked region. Methods. We used the PACS and SPIRE instruments on board the Herschel space observatory to map the full FIR spectrum in a region covering the HH 54 shock wave. Complementary Herschel-HIFI, APEX, and Spitzer data are used in the analysis as well. The observed features in the line profiles are reproduced using a 3D radiative transfer model of a bow-shock, constructed with the Line Modeling Engine code (LIME). Results. The FIR emission is confined to the HH 54 region and a coherent displacement of the location of the emission maximum of CO with increasing J is observed. The peak positions of the high-J CO lines are shifted upstream from the lower J CO lines and coincide with the position of the spectral feature identified previously in CO(10-9) profiles with HIFI. This indicates a hotter molecular component in the upstream gas with distinct dynamics. The coherent displacement with increasing J for CO is consistent with a scenario where IRAS12500 - 7658 is the exciting source of the flow, and the 180 K bow-shock is accompanied by a hot (800 K) molecular component located upstream from the apex of the shock and blueshifted by -7 km s(-1). The spatial proximity of this knot to the peaks of the atomic fine-structure emission lines observed with Spitzer and PACS ([O I]63, 145 mu m) suggests that it may be associated with the dissociative shock as the jet impacts slower moving gas in the HH 54 bow-shock. C1 [Bjerkeli, P.; Brinch, C.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. [Bjerkeli, P.; Brinch, C.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Bjerkeli, P.; Brinch, C.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Bjerkeli, P.; Liseau, R.; Black, J. H.; Justtanont, K.] Chalmers, Onsala Space Observ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, S-43992 Onsala, Sweden. [Olofsson, G.; Larsson, B.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Santangelo, G.; Benedettini, M.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Santangelo, G.; Nisini, B.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Cabrit, S.] CNRS, UMR 8112, Observ Paris, LERMA, F-75014 Paris, France. [Herczeg, G.] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Kristensen, L. E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Tafalla, M.] Observatorio Astron Nacl IGN, Madrid 28014, Spain. RP Bjerkeli, P (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Juliane Maries Vej 30, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. EM per.bjerkeli@nbi.dk RI Brinch, Christian/G-5157-2015; Kristensen, Lars/F-4774-2011; OI Brinch, Christian/0000-0002-5074-7183; Kristensen, Lars/0000-0003-1159-3721; Bjerkeli, Per/0000-0002-7993-4118; /0000-0003-1689-9201; Black, John/0000-0001-7221-7207; , Brunella Nisini/0000-0002-9190-0113 FU Swedish research council (VR) [637-2013-472]; Swedish National Space Board (SNSB) FX Per Bjerkeli appreciate the support from the Swedish research council (VR) through the contract 637-2013-472. The Swedish authors also acknowledge the support from the Swedish National Space Board (SNSB). NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 571 AR A90 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424789 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT9ZK UT WOS:000345282600099 ER PT J AU Michalowski, MJ Hayward, CC Dunlop, JS Bruce, VA Cirasuolo, M Cullen, F Hernquist, L AF Michalowski, Michal J. Hayward, Christopher C. Dunlop, James S. Bruce, Victoria A. Cirasuolo, Michele Cullen, Fergus Hernquist, Lars TI Determining the stellar masses of submillimetre galaxies: the critical importance of star formation histories SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: fundamental parameters; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: starburst; galaxies: star formation; galaxies: stellar content; submillimeter: galaxies ID DEEP-FIELD-SOUTH; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; DUST-OBSCURED GALAXIES; BROAD-BAND PHOTOMETRY; 850 MU-M; FORMING GALAXIES; REDSHIFT DISTRIBUTION; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; MASSIVE GALAXIES; COSMIC EVOLUTION AB Submillimetre (submm) galaxies are among the most rapidly star-forming and most massive high-redshift galaxies; thus, their properties provide important constraints on galaxy evolution models. However, there is still a debate about their stellar masses and their nature in the context of the general galaxy population. To test the reliability of their stellar mass determinations, we used a sample of simulated submm galaxies for which we created synthetic photometry. The photometry were used to derived their stellar masses via spectral energy distribution (SED) modelling, as is generally done with real observations. We used various SED codes (GRASIL, MAGPHYS, HYPERZ, and LEPHARE) and various alternative assumed star formation histories (SFHs). We found that the assumption of SFHs with two independent components enables the SED modelling codes to most accurately recover the true stellar masses of the simulated submm galaxies. Exponentially declining SFHs (tau models) lead to lower masses (albeit still formally consistent with the true stellar masses), while the assumption of single-burst SFHs results in a significant underestimation of the stellar masses. Thus, we conclude that studies based on the higher masses inferred from fitting the SEDs of real submm galaxies with double SFHs are most likely to be correct, implying that submm galaxies lie on the high-mass end of the main sequence of star-forming galaxies. This conclusion appears robust to assumptions of whether submm galaxies are driven by major mergers, since the suite of simulated galaxies modelled here contains examples of both merging and isolated galaxies. We identified discrepancies between the true and inferred stellar ages (rather than the dust attenuation) as the primary determinant of the success or failure of the mass recovery. Regardless of the choice of SFH, the SED-derived stellar masses exhibit a factor of similar to 2 scatter around the true value, and this scatter is an inherent limitation of the SED modelling due to simplified assumptions (regarding, e.g., the SFH, detailed galaxy geometry and wavelength dependence of the dust attenuation). Finally, we found that the contribution of active galactic nuclei (<60% at the K-band in these simulations) does not have any significant impact on the derived stellar masses. C1 [Michalowski, Michal J.; Dunlop, James S.; Bruce, Victoria A.; Cirasuolo, Michele; Cullen, Fergus] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, SUPA, Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Hayward, Christopher C.] Heidelberger Inst Theoret Studien, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Cirasuolo, Michele] Royal Observ, UK Astron Technol Ctr, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Hernquist, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Michalowski, MJ (reprint author), Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, SUPA, Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. EM mm@roe.ac.uk OI Hayward, Christopher/0000-0003-4073-3236 FU Science and Technology Facilities Council; SUPA Postdoctoral and Early Career Researcher Exchange Program; Klaus Tschira Foundation; National Science Foundation [PHY-1066293]; Royal Society via a Wolfson Research Merit award; European Research Council; EC FP7 SPACE project ASTRODEEP [312725] FX We thank Joanna Baradziej, Desika Narayana, Dan Smith, and our anonymous referee for useful suggestions. M.J.M. acknowledges the support of the Science and Technology Facilities Council, SUPA Postdoctoral and Early Career Researcher Exchange Program, and the hospitality at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. C.C.H. is grateful to the Klaus Tschira Foundation for financial support and acknowledges the hospitality of the Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. PHY-1066293. J.S.D. acknowledges the support of the Royal Society via a Wolfson Research Merit award, the support of the European Research Council through an Advanced Grant and the contribution of the EC FP7 SPACE project ASTRODEEP (Ref. No: 312725). V.A.B., M.C. and F.C. acknowledge the support of the Science and Technology Facilities Council. This research has made use of the NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Services. NR 69 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 571 AR A75 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201424174 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT9ZK UT WOS:000345282600059 ER PT J AU Krizek, GO Hagen, GM Krizek, P Havlova, M Krizek, M AF Krizek, George O. Hagen, Guy M. Krizek, Pavel Havlova, Marketa Krizek, Michal TI OPTICAL LATTICES ON WINGS OF APATURA BUTTERFLIES SO ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS LA English DT Article DE photonic nanostructures; iridescence; optical lattices; light diffraction; Bragg's law ID IRIDESCENCE; COLOR AB Optical microscopy of scales from the wings of the male butterfly Apatura ilia reveals parallel fibers with a spacing of about 710 nm. These fibers, together with tiny transverse grooves, cause violet blue or blue iridescence due to interference of light on the wings, which normally have brown pigmentation. Here we establish the dependence of the sudden color changes on variable illumination and observation angle. C1 [Krizek, George O.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Hagen, Guy M.; Krizek, Pavel] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Med 1, Inst Cellular Biol & Pathol, CZ-12800 Prague 2, Czech Republic. [Havlova, Marketa] Charles Univ Prague, Fac Sci, Dept Zool, CZ-12844 Prague 2, Czech Republic. [Krizek, Michal] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Math, CZ-11567 Prague 1, Czech Republic. RP Krizek, M (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Math, Zitna 25, CZ-11567 Prague 1, Czech Republic. EM gokrizekmd@yahoo.com; guy.hagen@lfl.cuni.cz; pavel.krizek@lfl.cuni.cz; marketa.havlova@ciao.cz; krizek@cesnet.cz RI Krizek, Michal/D-5137-2014 FU Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [P302/12/G157, P205/12/P392, P101/14-020675]; [OPVK CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0030]; [OPPK CZ.2.16/3.1.00/24010]; [UNCE 204002]; [Prvouk/1LF/1]; [RVO 67985840] FX The authors thank the reviewers for their valuable comments, Dr. Ivo Novak for the kind gift of prepared butterflies, and Dr. Filip Krizek and Prof. Lawrence Somer for fruitful discussions. The paper was supported by Grants No. P302/12/G157, P205/12/P392, and P101/14-020675 from the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic, and Projects OPVK CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0030, OPPK CZ.2.16/3.1.00/24010, UNCE 204002, Prvouk/1LF/1, and RVO 67985840. The first author residing in the USA is not supported by the above-mentioned grants. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER ENTOMOL SOC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1900 BENJ FRANKLIN PARKWAY, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-1195 USA SN 0013-872X EI 2162-3236 J9 ENTOMOL NEWS JI Entomol. News PD NOV PY 2014 VL 124 IS 3 BP 176 EP 185 DI 10.3157/021.124.0302 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AY2ZA UT WOS:000347453300002 ER PT J AU Ropret, P Madariaga, JM AF Ropret, Polonca Manuel Madariaga, Juan TI Applications of Raman spectroscopy in art and archaeology SO JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article C1 [Ropret, Polonca] Inst Protect Cultural Heritage Slovenia, Conservat Ctr, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Ropret, Polonca] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Manuel Madariaga, Juan] Univ Basque Country UPV EHU, Fac Sci & Technol, Dept Analyt Chem, Bilbao 48080, Spain. [Manuel Madariaga, Juan] Univ Basque Country UPV EHU, Chair Terr Landscape & Heritage, Vitoria 01080, Spain. RP Ropret, P (reprint author), Inst Protect Cultural Heritage Slovenia, Conservat Ctr, Poljanska 40, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. EM polona.ropret@rescen.si RI Madariaga, Juan/L-6333-2014 OI Madariaga, Juan/0000-0002-1685-6335 FU UFI Global Change and Heritage [UFI11/26] FX We are extremely grateful to the participants and institutions that assisted in making the conference possible. In particular, we would like to thank the Institute for the Protection of Cultural Heritage of Slovenia. The organising committee expresses its thanks to the following institutions and companies who supported also the conference: Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Slovenia, Mestna Obcina Ljubljana, City Museum of Ljubljana, Royal Society of Chemistry, Renishaw, Optik Instruments, HORIBA Jobin Yvon, BWtek, Nordtest, BaySpec, WITec, XGlab, Elma Crnuce and Studio Cerne. J.M. Madariaga acknowledges the support of the UFI Global Change and Heritage (ref. UPV/EHU, UFI11/26). NR 50 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0377-0486 EI 1097-4555 J9 J RAMAN SPECTROSC JI J. Raman Spectrosc. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 45 IS 11-12 SI SI BP 985 EP 992 DI 10.1002/jrs.4631 PG 8 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA AX4OY UT WOS:000346912700001 ER PT J AU Spec, T Retko, K Ropret, P Meden, A Bernard, J AF Spec, Tanja Retko, Klara Ropret, Polonca Meden, Anton Bernard, Janez TI The influence of UV-Vis radiation, and oscillations of temperature and relative humidity, on malachite alteration in the presence of different organic binders and varnishes SO JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE malachite; accelerated ageing; Raman microscopy; copper oxides ID X-RAY-FLUORESCENCE; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS; VAN GOGH; DEGRADATION PROCESS; LEAD CHROMATE; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; ARTIFICIAL PATINAS; POTTERY FRAGMENTS; YELLOW PIGMENTS; CHEMICAL-CHANGE AB The presented study describes the deterioration of a traditional pigment, malachite[Cu-2(CO3)(OH)(2)] in different binders, as a consequence of environmental effects acting on paint layers which were prepared according to traditional Baroque recipes. Malachite has often been reported to be very permanent in all binding media; however, investigations of aged and non-aged paint layers by means of Raman microscopy have shown instability of the carbonate part of the molecule, especially when malachite is present in an egg yolk medium. Decomposition of the pigment and the formation of degradation products such as copper oxide (tenoriteCuO) were observed. The possible formation of another copper oxide, paramelaconiteCu(4)O(3) was also taken into consideration. In order to obtain additional information on the degradation processes which affect malachite paint layers, supporting analytical methods, such as scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, were used. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Spec, Tanja; Retko, Klara; Ropret, Polonca] Inst Protect Cultural Heritage Slovenia, Res Inst, Conservat Ctr, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Ropret, Polonca] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Meden, Anton] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Chem & Chem Technol, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Bernard, Janez] Slovenian Natl Bldg & Civil Engn Inst, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. RP Spec, T (reprint author), Inst Protect Cultural Heritage Slovenia, Res Inst, Conservat Ctr, Poljanska 40, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. EM tanja.spec@zvkds.si FU Slovenian Research Agency [L6-4217]; European Union; European Social Fund; Republic of Slovenia, Ministry for Education, Science and Sport within the framework of the Operational programme for human resources development [3330-13-500221] FX The financial support of the Slovenian Research Agency (grant L6-4217) is much appreciated. This paper is also a result of doctoral research, in part financed by the European Union, European Social Fund and the Republic of Slovenia, Ministry for Education, Science and Sport within the framework of the Operational programme for human resources development for the period 2007-2013 (no 3330-13-500221). NR 65 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 113 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0377-0486 EI 1097-4555 J9 J RAMAN SPECTROSC JI J. Raman Spectrosc. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 45 IS 11-12 SI SI BP 1068 EP 1075 DI 10.1002/jrs.4518 PG 8 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA AX4OY UT WOS:000346912700012 ER PT J AU Kosec, T Legat, A Ropret, P AF Kosec, Tadeja Legat, Andraz Ropret, Polonca TI Raman investigation of artificial patinas on recent bronze protected by different azole type inhibitors in an outdoor environment SO JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE bronze; artist's patina; corrosion inhibitors; Raman spectroscopy; linear polarization ID COPPER CORROSION-INHIBITORS; FORMED PATINAS; BENZOTRIAZOLE; IMPEDANCE; MONUMENTS; EXPOSURE; ANCIENT AB Bronze surfaces, as well as prepatinated surfaces on bronze, undergo chemical and visual changes when exposed to humid and polluted environments. For this reason, it is important to study the effectiveness of corrosion inhibitors on patinated-bronze surfaces. The aim of this study was to investigate different protection systems for patinated bronze, which are based on the use of two azole type inhibitors: 2-mercaptobenzimidazole and benzotriazole. The results of our practice confirmed that these inhibitors were very effective when immersed in a corrosive solution containing inhibitor for 24h. The inhibited layers were then protected by a water-repellant layer. In the case of the studied patinas, green chloride and green nitrate patinas, applied over the brown artist's patina, were tested, as well as brown patina and the patina that develops on bare bronze. The study was performed after each chemical patination and the application of the two different inhibitors. The inhibition systems used on the different chemically achieved patinas were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques. The results of the Raman studies showed a chemical interaction of both inhibitors with copper and bronze but a versatile interaction between the inhibitors and the different patinas. The chemical interaction of benzotriazole was observed on the nitrate patina, whereas the mercaptobenzimidazole showed interaction also with the chloride-type patina. Electrochemical tests proved the interaction, which had been detected by Raman spectroscopy. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Kosec, Tadeja; Legat, Andraz] Natl Bldg & Civil Engn Inst, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Ropret, Polonca] Inst Protect Cultural Heritage Slovenia, Conservat Ctr, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Ropret, Polonca] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. RP Kosec, T (reprint author), Slovenian Natl Bldg & Civil Engn Inst, Dimiceva 12, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. EM tadeja.kosec@zag.si FU Slovenian Research Agency [P2-0273] FX The financial support of the Slovenian Research Agency, grant No. P2-0273 is gratefully acknowledged. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0377-0486 EI 1097-4555 J9 J RAMAN SPECTROSC JI J. Raman Spectrosc. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 45 IS 11-12 SI SI BP 1085 EP 1092 DI 10.1002/jrs.4532 PG 8 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA AX4OY UT WOS:000346912700014 ER PT J AU Retko, K Ropret, P Korosec, RC AF Retko, Klara Ropret, Polonca Korosec, Romana Cerc TI Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) analysis of organic colourants utilising a new UV-photoreduced substrate SO JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Raman spectroscopy; SERS; silver nanoparticles; organic colourants; cultural heritage ID WORKS-OF-ART; AG NANOPARTICLES; SCATTERING SERS; IN-SITU; PIGMENTS; IDENTIFICATION; SILVER; DYES; DYESTUFFS; SPECTRA AB In the present work, a new substrate is proposed for the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) analysis of samples, which are of cultural heritage importance. A new and simple procedure is presented for the preparation of a stable SERS-active substrate. It is based on the photoreduction of silver nitrate by ultraviolet light utilising hydroxypropyl cellulose as stabilising agent. The substrate's characteristics were tested and compared with a known substrate: a citrate-reduced silver colloid, with alizarin as a reference material. Using the new substrate, it was possible to positively detect the organic dye alizarin red S, and two organic pigments: madder lake and alizarin crimson dark, as well as organic colourants prepared in paint layers with different organic binders without an interfering signal arising from the media, and without sample pre-treatment. Furthermore, the investigated substrate also shows promising characteristics for the analysis of the cross sections of the samples because of its viscosity and the possibility of maintaining better control of the application of the substrate to the layer of interest. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Retko, Klara; Ropret, Polonca] Inst Protect Cultural Heritage Slovenia, Conservat Ctr, Res Inst, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Ropret, Polonca] Museum Conservat Inst, Smithsonian Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Korosec, Romana Cerc] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Chem & Chem Technol, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. RP Retko, K (reprint author), Inst Protect Cultural Heritage Slovenia, Conservat Ctr, Res Inst, Poljanska 40, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. EM klara.retko@zvkds.si FU Slovenian Research Agency [L6-4217]; European Union; European Social Fund; Republic of Slovenia; Ministry for Education, Science and Sport within the framework of the Operational programme for human resources development [3330-13-500221] FX The financial support of the Slovenian Research Agency (grant L6-4217) is much appreciated. This article is also a result of doctoral research, in part financed by the European Union, European Social Fund and the Republic of Slovenia, the Ministry for Education, Science and Sport within the framework of the Operational programme for human resources development for the period 2007-2013 (operation No. 3330-13-500221). Furthermore, the authors would also like to thank Barbka Gosar Hirci, academic painter, Head of the Easel Paintings Department (Institute for the Protection of Cultural Heritage of Slovenia, Conservation Centre, Restoration Centre) for the help with the preparation of the model paintings. NR 52 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 51 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0377-0486 EI 1097-4555 J9 J RAMAN SPECTROSC JI J. Raman Spectrosc. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 45 IS 11-12 SI SI BP 1140 EP 1146 DI 10.1002/jrs.4533 PG 7 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA AX4OY UT WOS:000346912700021 ER PT J AU Madden, O Cobb, KC Spencer, AM AF Madden, Odile Cobb, Kim Cullen Spencer, Alex M. TI Raman spectroscopic characterization of laminated glass and transparent sheet plastics to amplify a history of early aviation 'glass' SO JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE plastic; cellulose acetate; cellulose nitrate; PMMA; aircraft cockpit ID SAFETY GLASS AB A novel, non-invasive study of goggles, flight helmets, airplane windows, and canopies in Smithsonian collections is the first known large-scale technical survey of historic aviation plastics and leverages the world's largest air and space collection as evidence of the materials and technologies used to create transparent plastic objects in the early-20th century. Transparent windows in these artifacts were analyzed with Fourier transform and portable dispersive Raman spectrometers to identify polymers and plasticizers present. The study demonstrates the potential of Raman spectroscopy to objectively and non-destructively measure historic plastic compositions, including formulations that have become obsolete. Data was interpreted in combination with archival research of historical documents to identify window materials including glass, laminated safety glass, and sheets of plasticized cellulose nitrate, plasticized cellulose acetate, and poly(methyl methacrylate). Results are contextualized into a coherent history of the role transparent plastics played in enclosing airplane cockpits. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Madden, Odile; Cobb, Kim Cullen] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Spencer, Alex M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Madden, O (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. EM maddeno@si.edu RI Madden, Odile/N-9909-2015 OI Madden, Odile/0000-0003-2322-2522 FU National Park Service; National Center for Preservation Technology and Training [Mt-2210-10-NC-10] FX This research was funded by the National Park Service and the National Center for Preservation Technology and Training (Grant # Mt-2210-10-NC-10). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or polices of the National Park Service or the National Center for Preservation Technology and Training. The B&W Tek MiniRam II spectrometer was purchased with a generous gift from Judith Cherwinka. Gary Gordon of NASM and Don Williams, emeritus of MCI, fabricated two iterations of the adjustable working distance adapter. Marion Mecklenburg, emeritus of MCI, cast the cellulose nitrate sheet we used as a reference. Liz Garcia, Jennifer Stringfellow, Malcolm Collum, Lauren Horelick, Jeremy Kinney, and Ellen Folkama facilitated access to the NASM collections. Russ Lee, Chris Moore, Robert Koestler, Paula DePriest, Molly McGath, and Dawn Planas offered valuable discussion and analytical support. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0377-0486 EI 1097-4555 J9 J RAMAN SPECTROSC JI J. Raman Spectrosc. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 45 IS 11-12 SI SI BP 1215 EP 1224 DI 10.1002/jrs.4618 PG 10 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA AX4OY UT WOS:000346912700030 ER PT J AU Madden, O Gordon, G Cobb, KC Spencer, AM AF Madden, Odile Gordon, Gary Cobb, Kim Cullen Spencer, Alex M. TI Depth profiling laminated glass with a fiber optic probe customized for adjustable working distance SO JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE portable Raman; adjustable working distance; laminated glass; fiber optic; cellulose nitrate ID NONDESTRUCTIVE ANALYSIS; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; SAFETY GLASS; OBJECTS AB Fiber optic probes allow for in situ characterization of cultural heritage objects and analysis of materials that are difficult to access. Positioning these probes is challenging in terms of focal distance, angle of analysis, and stability. Modifications to improve control include stabilizing the probe against a stationary surface, typically mediated by a tripod, or against the artifact itself with a distance regulating sheath that fixes the focal point at the object surface. The first makes the system less portable, while the second eliminates depth profiling capability. An adjustable working distance adapter was created that allows the operator to position a fiber optic probe against the surface of a transparent artifact and move the working distance up to 6mm into the material while excluding ambient light. The hollow adapter contains no optical fiber, lenses, or windows, so optics are dictated by the fiber optic probe. The tool was created to study the polymeric interlayers in laminated safety glass used in early 20th century aviation and also could be applied to contemporary laminated glass, other multilayer transparent objects, and substances in transparent containers. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Madden, Odile; Cobb, Kim Cullen] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Gordon, Gary] Smithsonian Inst, Steven F Udvar Hazy Ctr, Natl Air & Space Museum, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. [Spencer, Alex M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Madden, O (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Museum Conservat Inst, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. EM maddeno@si.edu RI Madden, Odile/N-9909-2015 OI Madden, Odile/0000-0003-2322-2522 FU National Park Service; National Center for Preservation Technology and Training [MT-2210-10-NC-10] FX The authors are grateful to Judith Cherwinka for purchase of the B&W Tek spectrometer, Don Williams for fabricating the adapter's first iteration, and Lauren Horelick. This research was funded by the National Park Service and the National Center for Preservation Technology and Training (Grant #MT-2210-10-NC-10). Its contents are solely the authors' responsibility. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0377-0486 EI 1097-4555 J9 J RAMAN SPECTROSC JI J. Raman Spectrosc. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 45 IS 11-12 SI SI BP 1318 EP 1321 DI 10.1002/jrs.4550 PG 4 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA AX4OY UT WOS:000346912700044 ER PT J AU Johnson, KR Miller, IM Pigati, JS AF Johnson, Kirk R. Miller, Ian M. Pigati, Jeffrey S. CA Snowmastodon Project Sci Team TI Introduction to the Snowmastodon Project Special Volume The Snowmastodon Project SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Johnson, Kirk R.; Miller, Ian M.] Denver Museum Nat & Sci, Dept Earth Sci, Denver, CO 80205 USA. [Pigati, Jeffrey S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Johnson, KR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM JohnsonKR@si.edu OI Mahan, Shannon/0000-0001-5214-7774; Shapiro, Beth/0000-0002-2733-7776; Jimenez Moreno, Gonzalo/0000-0001-7185-8686; Gray, Harrison/0000-0002-4555-7473; Rountrey, Adam/0000-0003-0939-9102 NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0033-5894 EI 1096-0287 J9 QUATERNARY RES JI Quat. Res. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 82 IS 3 BP 473 EP 476 DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2013.12.010 PG 4 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA AX5DB UT WOS:000346946100001 ER PT J AU Miller, IM Pigati, JS Anderson, RS Johnson, KR Mahan, SA Ager, TA Baker, RG Blaauw, M Bright, J Brown, PM Bryant, B Calamari, ZT Carrara, PE Cherney, MD Demboski, JR Elias, SA Fisher, DC Gray, HJ Haskett, DR Honke, JS Jackson, ST Jimenez-Moreno, G Kline, D Leonard, EM Lifton, NA Lucking, C McDonald, HG Miller, DM Muhs, DR Nash, SE Newton, C Paces, JB Petrie, L Plummer, MA Porinchu, DF Rountrey, AN Scott, E Sertich, JJW Sharpe, SE Skipp, GL Strickland, LE Stucky, RK Thompson, RS Wilson, J AF Miller, Ian M. Pigati, Jeffrey S. Anderson, R. Scott Johnson, Kirk R. Mahan, Shannon A. Ager, Thomas A. Baker, Richard G. Blaauw, Maarten Bright, Jordon Brown, Peter M. Bryant, Bruce Calamari, Zachary T. Carrara, Paul E. Cherney, Michael D. Demboski, John R. Elias, Scott A. Fisher, Daniel C. Gray, Harrison J. Haskett, Danielle R. Honke, Jeffrey S. Jackson, Stephen T. Jimenez-Moreno, Gonzalo Kline, Douglas Leonard, Eric M. Lifton, Nathaniel A. Lucking, Carol McDonald, H. Gregory Miller, Dane M. Muhs, Daniel R. Nash, Stephen E. Newton, Cody Paces, James B. Petrie, Lesley Plummer, Mitchell A. Porinchu, David F. Rountrey, Adam N. Scott, Eric Sertich, Joseph J. W. Sharpe, Saxon E. Skipp, Gary L. Strickland, Laura E. Stucky, Richard K. Thompson, Robert S. Wilson, Jim TI Summary of the Snowmastodon Project Special Volume A high-elevation, multi-proxy biotic and environmental record of MIS 6-4 from the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site, Snowmass Village, Colorado, USA SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Rocky Mountains; Sangamon interglacial; Paleoclimate; Ziegler Reservoir; Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage; Mammut americanum; Mammuthus columbi ID LAST INTERGLACIAL PERIOD; SCALE CLIMATE VARIABILITY; MARINE ISOTOPE STAGE-11; NORTH-AMERICA; MILLENNIAL-SCALE; POLLEN RECORD; ORBITAL-SCALE; UNITED-STATES; DEVILS-HOLE; DEEP-OCEAN AB In North America, terrestrial records of biodiversity and climate change that span Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 5 are rare. Where found, they provide insight into how the coupling of the ocean-atmosphere system is manifested in biotic and environmental records and how the biosphere responds to climate change. In 2010-2011, construction at Ziegler Reservoir near Snowmass Village, Colorado (USA) revealed a nearly continuous, lacustrine/wetland sedimentary sequence that preserved evidence of past plant communities between similar to 140 and 55 lea, including all of MIS 5. At an elevation of 2705 m, the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site also contained thousands of well-preserved bones of late Pleistocene megafauna, including mastodons, mammoths, ground sloths, horses, camels, deer, bison, black bear, coyotes, and bighorn sheep. In addition, the site contained more than 26,000 bones from at least 30 species of small animals including salamanders, otters, muskrats, minks, rabbits, beavers, frogs, lizards, snakes, fish, and birds. The combination of macro- and micro-vertebrates, invertebrates, terrestrial and aquatic plant macrofossils, a detailed pollen record, and a robust, directly dated stratigraphic framework shows that high-elevation ecosystems in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado are climatically sensitive and varied dramatically throughout MIS 5. (C) 2014 University of Washington. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Miller, Ian M.; Johnson, Kirk R.; Demboski, John R.; Kline, Douglas; Lucking, Carol; Nash, Stephen E.; Sertich, Joseph J. W.] Denver Museum Nat & Sci, Denver, CO 80205 USA. [Pigati, Jeffrey S.; Mahan, Shannon A.; Ager, Thomas A.; Carrara, Paul E.; Gray, Harrison J.; Honke, Jeffrey S.; Muhs, Daniel R.; Paces, James B.; Strickland, Laura E.; Thompson, Robert S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Anderson, R. Scott] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Johnson, Kirk R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Baker, Richard G.] Univ Iowa, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Blaauw, Maarten] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Geog Archaeol & Palaeoecol, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Bright, Jordon] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Rocky Mt Tree Ring Res, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Calamari, Zachary T.; Cherney, Michael D.; Fisher, Daniel C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Elias, Scott A.] Univ London, Dept Geog, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. [Calamari, Zachary T.; Cherney, Michael D.; Fisher, Daniel C.; Rountrey, Adam N.] Univ Michigan, Museum Paleontol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Haskett, Danielle R.; Porinchu, David F.] Univ Georgia, Dept Geog, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Jackson, Stephen T.; Miller, Dane M.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Jackson, Stephen T.] Univ Arizona, Inst Environm, Southwest Climate Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Jimenez-Moreno, Gonzalo] Univ Granada, Dept Estratig & Paleontol, Granada 18002, Spain. [Leonard, Eric M.] Colorado Coll, Dept Geol, Colorado Springs, CO 80903 USA. [Lifton, Nathaniel A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [McDonald, H. Gregory; Stucky, Richard K.] Natl Pk Serv, Museum Management Program, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. [Newton, Cody] Univ Colorado, Dept Anthropol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Petrie, Lesley] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Plummer, Mitchell A.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. [Rountrey, Adam N.] Univ Western Australia, Oceans Inst, Ctr Marine Futures, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Scott, Eric] San Bernardino Cty Museum, Redlands, CA 92374 USA. [Sharpe, Saxon E.] Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Wilson, Jim] Aeon Labs LLC, Tucson, AZ 85704 USA. RP Miller, IM (reprint author), Denver Museum Nat & Sci, 2001 Colorado Blvd, Denver, CO 80205 USA. EM ian.miller@dmns.org RI Lifton, Nathaniel/M-2017-2015; OI Lifton, Nathaniel/0000-0002-6976-3298; Gray, Harrison/0000-0002-4555-7473; Mahan, Shannon/0000-0001-5214-7774; Rountrey, Adam/0000-0003-0939-9102 NR 61 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0033-5894 EI 1096-0287 J9 QUATERNARY RES JI Quat. Res. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 82 IS 3 BP 618 EP 634 DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2014.07.004 PG 17 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA AX5DB UT WOS:000346946100014 ER PT J AU Voellmy, IK Braga Goncalves, I Barrette, MF Monfort, SL Manser, MB AF Voellmy, Irene K. Braga Goncalves, Ines Barrette, Marie-France Monfort, Steven L. Manser, Marta B. TI Mean fecal glucocorticoid metabolites are associated with vigilance, whereas immediate cortisol levels better reflect acute anti-predator responses in meerkats SO HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Adrenal activity; Alarm calls; Anti-predator behavior; Communication; Cortisol; Fecal glucocorticoids; Meerkats; Suricata suricatta; Vigilance ID SURICATA-SURICATTA; ALARM CALLS; COOPERATIVE MAMMALS; GROUND-SQUIRRELS; STRESS HORMONES; PREDATION RISK; BEHAVIOR; ALLOSTASIS; REPRODUCTION; ENVIRONMENT AB Adrenal hormones likely affect anti-predator behavior in animals. With experimental field studies, we first investigated associations between mean fecal glucocorticoid metabolite (fGC) excretion and vigilance and with behavioral responses to alarm call playbacks in free-ranging meerkats (Suricata suricatta). We then tested how vigilance and behavioral responses to alarm call playbacks were affected in individuals administered exogenous cortisol. We found a positive association between mean fGC concentrations and vigilance behavior, but no relationship with the intensity of behavioral responses to alarm calls. However, in response to alarm call playbacks, individuals administered cortisol took slightly longer to resume foraging than control individuals treated with saline solution. Vigilance behavior, which occurs in the presence and absence of dangerous stimuli, serves to detect and avoid potential dangers, whereas responses to alarm calls serve to avoid immediate predation. Our data show that mean fGC excretion in meerkats was associated with vigilance, as a re-occurring anti-predator behavior over long time periods, and experimentally induced elevations of plasma cortisol affected the response to immediate threats. Together, our results indicate an association between the two types of anti-predator behavior and glucocorticoids, but that the underlying mechanisms may differ. Our study emphasizes the need to consider appropriate measures of adrenal activity specific to different contexts when assessing links between stress physiology and different anti-predator behaviors. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Voellmy, Irene K.; Braga Goncalves, Ines; Manser, Marta B.] Univ Zurich, Inst Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Barrette, Marie-France] Univ Sherbrooke, Dept Biol, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada. [Barrette, Marie-France; Monfort, Steven L.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Manser, Marta B.] Univ Pretoria, Mammal Res Inst, ZA-00002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Voellmy, Irene K.; Braga Goncalves, Ines; Barrette, Marie-France; Manser, Marta B.] Kalahari Meerkat Project, Kuruman River Reserve, South Africa. RP Manser, MB (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Inst Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. EM marta.manser@ieu.uzh.ch FU University of Zurich; Swiss National Science Foundation [31003A_13676]; University of Cambridge FX We thank T. H. Clutton-Brock and the Kalahari Research Trust for the permission to work at the study site of the Kalahari Meerkat Project, as well as the family H. Kotze and the neighboring farmers for allowing us to work on their land. P. Santema, Z. Teitel and M. Fenkes greatly contributed to the cortisol manipulations and subsequent playback experiment. H. Kunc, L. Hollen, C. Muller, C. Bousquet, M. Heberlein and R. Lienert contributed to very fruitful discussions while planning this project and M. Heistermann and S. Townsend were a great help while writing this manuscript. W. Blanckenhorn and L. Gygax supported us with statistical advice. We are also grateful to editor Kim Wallen and three anonymous reviewers for their highly valuable comments. We owe many thanks to the assistance and support of R. Sutcliffe, D. Bell, S. English, M. Finnie and all volunteers of the Meerkat Project. This study was funded by the University of Zurich and the Swiss National Science Foundation, grant no. 31003A_13676 to IBG and MM. The long-term study site is funded by the Universities of Cambridge and Zurich. NR 70 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 65 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0018-506X EI 1095-6867 J9 HORM BEHAV JI Horm. Behav. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 66 IS 5 BP 759 EP 765 DI 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2014.08.008 PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AX4BR UT WOS:000346879600006 PM 25218254 ER PT J AU Deeds, JR Handy, SM Fry, F Granade, H Williams, JT Powers, M Shipp, R Weigt, LA AF Deeds, Jonathan R. Handy, Sara M. Fry, Frederick, Jr. Granade, Hudson Williams, Jeffrey T. Powers, Monica Shipp, Robert Weigt, Lee A. TI Protocol for Building a Reference Standard Sequence Library for DNA-Based Seafood Identification SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID BARCODES; FISH AB With the recent adoption of a DNA sequencing-based method for the species identification for seafood products by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), a library of standard sequences derived from reference specimens with authoritative taxonomic authentication was required. Provided here are details of how the FDA and its collaborators are building this reference standard sequence library that will be used to confirm the accurate labeling of seafood products sold in interstate commerce in the United States. As an example data set from this library, information for 117 fish reference standards, representing 94 species from 43 families in 15 orders, collected over a 4-year period from the Gulf of Mexico, U.S., that are now stored at the Smithsonian Museum Support Center in Suitland, MD, are provided. C1 [Deeds, Jonathan R.; Handy, Sara M.; Fry, Frederick, Jr.] US FDA, Off Regulatory Sci, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Granade, Hudson] US FDA, Gulf Coast Seafood Lab, Dauphin Isl, AL 36528 USA. [Williams, Jeffrey T.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Fishes, Museum Support Ctr, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Powers, Monica; Shipp, Robert] Univ S Alabama, Dept Marine Sci, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. [Weigt, Lee A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Labs Analyt Biol, Museum Support Ctr, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. RP Deeds, JR (reprint author), US FDA, Off Regulatory Sci, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, 5100 Paint Branch Pkwy, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM jonathan.deeds@fda.hhs.gov RI Handy, Sara/C-6195-2008 NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 EI 1944-7922 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 97 IS 6 BP 1626 EP 1633 DI 10.5740/jaoacint.14-111 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AX3DF UT WOS:000346820000015 PM 25230794 ER PT J AU Mitsch, WJ Zhang, L Waletzko, E Bernal, B AF Mitsch, William J. Zhang, Li Waletzko, Evan Bernal, Blanca TI Validation of the ecosystem services of created wetlands: Two decades of plant succession, nutrient retention, and carbon sequestration in experimental riverine marshes SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Water quality; Carbon sequestration; Wetlands; Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Olentangy River Wetland Research Park ID SCALE CONSTRUCTED WETLAND; FRESH-WATER WETLANDS; PHOSPHORUS RETENTION; METHANE EMISSIONS; RIPARIAN MARSHES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SELF-DESIGN; WASTE-WATER; NITROGEN; HYDROLOGY AB Wetlands provide many ecosystem services to society, most notably the provision of habitat for important plants and animals, the improvement of water quality, and the sequestration of carbon. Nitrogen and phosphorus budgets, vegetation structure and function, and carbon fluxes and accumulation are described for a pair of 1-ha created riverine wetlands in central Ohio USA over 20 years (1994-2013) of primary succession. The primary inflow to these experimental wetlands was from water pumped from the adjacent fourth-order Olentangy River. The pumping rate maintained for most of the years (an exception was a two-year comparison of pulsing and non-pulsing hydrology in the two wetlands in 2004-2005) was according to a pre-determined formula based on river stage. The pumped inflow to the wetlands averaged 38.7 +/- 1.5 m yr(-1) with precipitation averaging 1.1 m yr(-1) for the same years. Surface outflow averaged 27.1 +/- 1.4 m yr(-1) and subsurface seepage was estimated to be 13.2 +/- 0.2 m yr(-1) over that period. Both outflows returned water to the Olentangy River via surface and subsurface pathways respectively. Wetland plant richness increased from 13 species initially planted in one of the wetlands to 116 species overall after 17 years, with most of that richness (99 species) occurring in the first 5 years. The planted wetland had higher community diversity every year except one over 20 years while the naturally colonizing wetland was more productive especially in the first 7 years and overall still had 2000 kg more organic matter input by ANPP after 17 years than did the planted wetland. Nutrient mass inflows to the wetlands averaged 5.61 +/- 0.30 g-P m(-2) yr(-1) (n = 30 wetland years) for total phosphorus, 2.17 +/- 0.27 g-P m(-2) yr(-1) (n = 30 wetland years) for soluble reactive phosphorus, 122 +/- 3 g-N m(-2) yr(-1) (n = 14 wetland years) for total nitrogen, and 100 +/- 5 g-N m(-2) yr(-1) (n = 32 wetland years) for nitratenitrogen. Retention rates were 2.40 +/- 0.23 g-P m(-2) yr(-1) for total phosphorus, 0.87 +/- 0.10 g-P m(-2) yr(-1) for soluble reactive phosphorus, 38.8 +/- 2.2 g-N m(-2) yr(-1) for total nitrogen, and 15.6 +/- 2.7 g-N m(-2) yr(-1) for nitratenitrogen. Total phosphorus retention was higher in the planted wetland compared to the natural colonizing wetland (44.3 +/- 4.4% vs. 38.8 +/- 5.3% respectively; p = 0.059) while total nitrogen retention was significantly higher in the naturally colonizing wetland compared to the planted wetland (32.1 +/- 2.0% vs. 28.4 +/- 2.6% respectively; p = 0.000085). Investigation of trends of water quality improvement showed that, overall, nutrient retention decreased from the beginning of the study through the 17th year in 2010. More recent trends showed tendencies for water quality improvement in 9 out of 11 of the nutrient parameters and time periods investigated between 2003 and 2010 The wetlands were effective carbon sinks, with rates of carbon sequestration (219-267 g-C m(-2) yr(-1), higher than those measured in a reference natural flow-through wetland. Both carbon sequestration and methane emissions have been consistently higher in the naturally colonizing wetland, theorized as due to the greater productivity of this wetland over several years in the middle of this study. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mitsch, William J.; Zhang, Li; Waletzko, Evan] Florida Gulf Coast Univ, Naples, FL 34112 USA. [Mitsch, William J.; Zhang, Li; Waletzko, Evan] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43202 USA. [Bernal, Blanca] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Biogeochem Lab, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Mitsch, WJ (reprint author), Florida Gulf Coast Univ, Everglades Wetland Res Pk,4940 Bayshore Dr, Naples, FL 34112 USA. EM wmitsch@fgcu.edu OI Mitsch, William/0000-0001-8348-3172 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (NRI CSREES Award) [2003-35102-13518]; United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) [EM83329801-0, MX95413108-0]; National Science Foundation [CBET-1033451, CBET-0829026]; Ohio Wetland Foundation; Environmental Science Graduate Program; School of Environment and Natural Resources; Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC) at The Ohio State University; Ohio State University FX This research was supported over the 20 years by many sources including the U.S. Department of Agriculture (NRI CSREES Award 2003-35102-13518), the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA Agreements EM83329801-0 from Cincinnati OH and MX95413108-0 from Gulf of Mexico Program, Stennis Space Center, MS), the National Science Foundation Grants CBET-1033451 and CBET-0829026, Ohio Wetland Foundation, and Environmental Science Graduate Program, the School of Environment and Natural Resources, and theOhio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC) at The Ohio State University. We thank the hundred or more graduate students, post-docs, and other researchers over the years, all of whom contributed to this 20-year-long study. We also appreciate the financial support provided by Chris White, Bill Heffner, Jerry and Lenora Pausch, Ruth Smart, and many other loyal supporters of our wetland research who made The Olentangy River Wetland possible. We also appreciate the support we were given by Ohio State University Presidents E. Gordon Gee, Brit Kirwin, and Karen Holbrook and Dean Bobby Moser. NR 72 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 21 U2 108 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 EI 1872-6992 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 72 BP 11 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.09.108 PG 14 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA AW6NY UT WOS:000346387300002 ER PT J AU Mitsch, WJ Nedrich, SM Harter, SK Anderson, C Nahlik, AM Bernal, B AF Mitsch, William J. Nedrich, Sara M. Harter, Sarah K. Anderson, Christopher Nahlik, Amanda M. Bernal, Blanca TI Sedimentation in created freshwater riverine wetlands: 15 years of succession and contrast of methods SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Freshwater marsh; Olentangy River Wetland Research Park; Sedimentation; Erosion; Bioturbation; Horizon markers ID SMALL CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; RAPIDLY SUBSIDING WETLAND; FORESTED WETLAND; SALT MARSHES; NUTRIENT ACCUMULATION; RIPARIAN WETLANDS; SOIL PARTICLES; CANAL IMPACTS; UNITED-STATES; SELF-DESIGN AB This study summarizes five separate sedimentation studies spanning 15 years (years 3-17 following wetland creation in 1994) of two 1 ha experimental flow-through wetlands. Included are methods and analyses of the most recent (2009-2010) comparative study that attempted to quantify both erosion and bioturbation processes. Depending on techniques used, two distinct types of sedimentation rates were estimated-gross and net sedimentation. Gross sedimentation in 2004-2005 (years 11 and 12) using sediment trap bottles was 45 kg m(-2) for 4 months during and after spring flood pulsing conditions in 2004 and 39 kg m(-2) for the same 4 months during and after steady flow conditions in 2005. Annual sediment accretion using feldspar and other horizon markers was 31.7 +/- 4.4 kg m(-2) yr(-1) (4.2 +/- 0.6 cm yr(-1)) in 1996 (year 3 after wetland creation) and 34.4 +/- 4.5 kg m(-2) yr(-1) (5.5 +/- 0.8 cm yr(-1)) in 2009 (year 16 after wetland creation). Net sedimentation using soil cores to estimate accumulation of sediments over antecedent soil horizon layers was 4.7 +/- 0.3 kg m(-2) yr(-1) (0.9 +/- 0.07 cm yr(-1)) in 2004 (year 11) and 6.0 +/- 0.4 kg m(-2) yr(-1) (0.9 +/- 0.06 cm yr(-1)) in 2009 (year 16). Net sedimentation, using estimates of sedimentation and erosion with the sediment erosion table (SET) method in 2009-2010 (years 16-17) was 3.9 +/- 6.1-9.0 kg m(-2) yr(-1) (1.3 +/- 0.8-1.4 cm yr(-1)). Bioturbation by macrofauna significantly decreased sedimentation rates during the 2009 (year 16) study. Spatial patterns, consistent among horizon marker and net sedimentation studies, showed that deep, open-water areas had higher rates of sedimentation than shallow areas with emergent vegetation, and that sedimentation rates were higher when closer to the inflow than at the outflow of these flow-through wetlands. Net sedimentation of these created riverine wetlands ranged from 1.2 cm/yr to 1.4 cm/yr, suggesting that these wetlands will accumulate about 30 cm of sediments in a little more than two decades. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mitsch, William J.] Florida Gulf Coast Univ, Naples, FL 34112 USA. [Nedrich, Sara M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Harter, Sarah K.] Ohio EPA Southeast Dist Off, Logan, OH 43138 USA. [Anderson, Christopher] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Nahlik, Amanda M.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Bernal, Blanca] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Biogeochem Lab, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Mitsch, WJ (reprint author), Florida Gulf Coast Univ, Everglades Wetland Res Pk, Naples, FL 34112 USA. EM wmitsch@fgcu.edu OI Mitsch, William/0000-0001-8348-3172 FU Society of Wetland Scientists; OARCD graduate research enhancement; Payne; SEEDS grants; USDA NRI CSREES [2002-35102-13518]; USEPA from Cincinnati OH [EM83329801-0]; Gulf of Mexico Program [MX95413108-0]; National Science Foundation [CBET-1033451, CBET-0829026]; Sigma Xi (Ohio State Chapter) FX Thanks to the many wetlanders who helped the authors in the four separate studies summarized here; you are too numerous to mention but your contributions to wetland science remain important. This research was supported by several sources including Society of Wetland Scientists student support, OARCD graduate research enhancement, Payne, and SEEDS grants, USDA NRI CSREES Grant no. 2002-35102-13518, USEPA Agreements-EM83329801-0 from Cincinnati OH and MX95413108-0 from Gulf of Mexico Program, the National Science Foundation (CBET-1033451 and CBET-0829026), and a Sigma Xi (Ohio State Chapter) Grant-In-Aid of Research award. Thanks to Anne Mischo for an illustration on a short time frame. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 EI 1872-6992 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 72 BP 25 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.09.116 PG 10 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA AW6NY UT WOS:000346387300003 ER PT J AU Zhu, L Jacob, DJ Mickley, LJ Marais, EA Cohan, DS Yoshida, Y Duncan, BN Abad, GG Chance, KV AF Zhu, Lei Jacob, Daniel J. Mickley, Loretta J. Marais, Eloise A. Cohan, Daniel S. Yoshida, Yasuko Duncan, Bryan N. Abad, Gonzalo Gonzalez Chance, Kelly V. TI Anthropogenic emissions of highly reactive volatile organic compounds in eastern Texas inferred from oversampling of satellite (OMI) measurements of HCHO columns SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE HCHO; ozone monitoring instrument; anthropogenic; highly reactive VOC; oversampling ID OZONE MONITORING INSTRUMENT; ISOPRENE EMISSIONS; NORTH-AMERICA; TROPOSPHERIC DEGRADATION; FORMALDEHYDE COLUMNS; TRANSPORT MODEL; AIR-QUALITY; HOUSTON; INDUSTRIAL; SO2 AB Satellite observations of formaldehyde (HCHO) columns provide top-down constraints on emissions of highly reactive volatile organic compounds (HRVOCs). This approach has been used previously in the US to estimate isoprene emissions from vegetation, but application to anthropogenic emissions has been stymied by lack of a discernable HCHO signal. Here we show that temporal oversampling of HCHO data from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) for 2005-2008 enables detection of urban and industrial plumes in eastern Texas including Houston, Port Arthur, and Dallas/Fort Worth. By spatially integrating the HCHO enhancement in the Houston plume observed by OMI we estimate an anthropogenic HCHO source of 250 +/- 140 kmol h(-1). This implies that anthropogenic HRVOC emissions in Houston are 4.8 +/- 2.7 times higher than reported by the US Environmental Protection Agency inventory, and is consistent with field studies identifying large ethene and propene emissions from petrochemical industrial sources. C1 [Zhu, Lei; Jacob, Daniel J.; Mickley, Loretta J.; Marais, Eloise A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Cohan, Daniel S.] Rice Univ, Houston, TX USA. [Yoshida, Yasuko] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA. [Yoshida, Yasuko; Duncan, Bryan N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Abad, Gonzalo Gonzalez; Chance, Kelly V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Zhu, L (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM leizhu@fas.harvard.edu RI Cohan, Daniel/E-6595-2010; Duncan, Bryan/A-5962-2011; OI Cohan, Daniel/0000-0003-0415-7980; Chance, Kelly/0000-0002-7339-7577; Marais, Eloise/0000-0001-5477-8051; Gonzalez Abad, Gonzalo/0000-0002-8090-6480 FU NASA Aura Science Team; Air Quality Applied Sciences Team FX This work was supported by the NASA Aura Science Team and Air Quality Applied Sciences Team. The authors thank Barry Lefer and James Flynn at the University of Houston and Xiong Liu at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics for their help. We thank two anonymous reviewers who provided thorough and thoughtful comments. NR 53 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 9 U2 48 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-9326 J9 ENVIRON RES LETT JI Environ. Res. Lett. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 9 IS 11 AR 114004 DI 10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/114004 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AW9JS UT WOS:000346573900010 ER PT J AU Simon, MN Carter, LM Campbell, BA Phillips, RJ Mattei, S AF Simon, Molly N. Carter, Lynn M. Campbell, Bruce A. Phillips, Roger J. Mattei, Stefania TI Studies of lava flows in the Tharsis region of Mars using SHARAD SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS LA English DT Article DE Mars; radar observations; volcanism; dielectric properties ID RADAR AB The Tharsis region of Mars is covered in volcanic flows that can stretch for tens to hundreds of kilometers. Radar measurements of the dielectric properties of these flows can provide information regarding their composition and density. SHARAD (shallow radar), a sounding radar on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, detects basal interfaces beneath flows in some areas of Tharsis northwest and west of Ascraeus Mons, with additional detections south of Pavonis Mons. Comparisons with 12.6 cm ground-based radar images suggest that SHARAD detects basal interfaces primarily in dust or regolith-mantled regions. We use SHARAD data to estimate the real relative permittivity of the flows by comparing the measured time delay of returns from the subsurface with altimetry measurements of the flow heights relative to the surrounding plains. In cases where the subsurface interface is visible at different depths, spanning tens of meters, it is also possible to measure the loss tangent (tan ) of the material. The permittivity values calculated range from 7.6 to 11.6, with an average of 9.6, while the mean loss tangent values range from 7.8 x 10(-3) to 2.9 x 10(-2) with an average of 1.0 x 10(-2). These permittivity and loss tangent estimates for the flows northwest of Ascraeus Mons, west of Ascraeus Mons, and south of Pavonis Mons are consistent with the lab-measured values for dense, low-titanium basalt. C1 [Simon, Molly N.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Carter, Lynn M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Planetary Geodynam Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Campbell, Bruce A.] Smithsonian Inst, Ctr Earth & Planetary Studies, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Phillips, Roger J.] SW Res Inst, Planetary Sci Directorate, Boulder, CO USA. [Mattei, Stefania] CORiSTA, Naples, Italy. RP Simon, MN (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM msimon@lpl.arizona.edu RI Carter, Lynn/D-2937-2012 FU NASA Undergraduate Student Research Program; NASA MRO project FX Funding for this project was provided by the NASA Undergraduate Student Research Program and by the NASA MRO project. SHARAD was contributed by the Italian Space Agency; we thank Principle Investigator Roberto Seu and the SHARAD operations team for their efforts in acquiring this data. The SHARAD data were processed at the Smithsonian Institution and Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, CO. They are also available through the NASA Planetary Data System. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9097 EI 2169-9100 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets PD NOV PY 2014 VL 119 IS 11 BP 2291 EP 2299 DI 10.1002/2014JE004666 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AW5XU UT WOS:000346345100001 ER PT J AU Schwadron, NA Blake, JB Case, AW Joyce, CJ Kasper, J Mazur, J Petro, N Quinn, M Porter, JA Smith, CW Smith, S Spence, HE Townsend, LW Turner, R Wilson, JK Zeitlin, C AF Schwadron, N. A. Blake, J. B. Case, A. W. Joyce, C. J. Kasper, J. Mazur, J. Petro, N. Quinn, M. Porter, J. A. Smith, C. W. Smith, S. Spence, H. E. Townsend, L. W. Turner, R. Wilson, J. K. Zeitlin, C. TI Does the worsening galactic cosmic radiation environment observed by CRaTER preclude future manned deep space exploration? SO SPACE WEATHER-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE radiation; solar wind; solar evolution ID INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC-FIELD; ADVANCED COMPOSITION EXPLORER; CORONAL ELECTRON-TEMPERATURE; PROTRACTED SOLAR MINIMUM; RAY MODULATION; FLUX; TRANSPORT; WIND; HELIOSPHERE; MODEL AB The Sun and its solar wind are currently exhibiting extremely low densities and magnetic field strengths, representing states that have never been observed during the space age. The highly abnormal solar activity between cycles 23 and 24 has caused the longest solar minimum in over 80 years and continues into the unusually small solar maximum of cycle 24. As a result of the remarkably weak solar activity, we have also observed the highest fluxes of galactic cosmic rays in the space age and relatively small solar energetic particle events. We use observations from the Cosmic Ray Telescope for the Effects of Radiation (CRaTER) on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter to examine the implications of these highly unusual solar conditions for human space exploration. We show that while these conditions are not a show stopper for long-duration missions (e.g., to the Moon, an asteroid, or Mars), galactic cosmic ray radiation remains a significant and worsening factor that limits mission durations. While solar energetic particle events in cycle 24 present some hazard, the accumulated doses for astronauts behind 10 g/cm(2) shielding are well below current dose limits. Galactic cosmic radiation presents a more significant challenge: the time to 3% risk of exposure-induced death (REID) in interplanetary space was less than 400 days for a 30 year old male and less than 300 days for a 30 year old female in the last cycle 23-24 minimum. The time to 3% REID is estimated to be approximate to 20% lower in the coming cycle 24-25 minimum. If the heliospheric magnetic field continues to weaken over time, as is likely, then allowable mission durations will decrease correspondingly. Thus, we estimate exposures in extreme solar minimum conditions and the corresponding effects on allowable durations. C1 [Schwadron, N. A.; Joyce, C. J.; Quinn, M.; Smith, C. W.; Smith, S.; Spence, H. E.; Wilson, J. K.] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Blake, J. B.; Mazur, J.] Aerosp Corp, El Segundo, CA 90245 USA. [Case, A. W.; Kasper, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Div High Energy Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kasper, J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Petro, N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Porter, J. A.; Townsend, L. W.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Nucl Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Turner, R.] Analyt Serv Inc, Arlington, VA USA. [Zeitlin, C.] Univ New Hampshire, SW Res Inst, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Schwadron, NA (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM n.schwadron@unh.edu RI Kasper, Justin/D-1152-2010; Petro, Noah/F-5340-2013 OI Kasper, Justin/0000-0002-7077-930X; FU LRO program [NNG11PA03C]; EMMREM [NNX07AC14G]; C-SWEPA (NASA) [NNX07AC14G]; Sun-2-Ice (NSF) [AGS1135432]; DoSEN (NASA) [NNX13AC89G]; DREAM (NASA) [NNX10AB17A]; DREAM2 (NASA) [NNX14AG13A] FX We thank all those who made CRaTER possible. CRaTER is primarily funded by the LRO program (contract NNG11PA03C). This work was also funded by EMMREM (grant NNX07AC14G), C-SWEPA (NASA grant NNX07AC14G), Sun-2-Ice (NSF grant AGS1135432) projects, and DoSEN (NASA grant NNX13AC89G), DREAM (NASA grant NNX10AB17A), and DREAM2 (NASA grant NNX14AG13A). CRaTER data are available at http://crater-web.sr.unh.edu. NR 61 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 16 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1542-7390 J9 SPACE WEATHER JI Space Weather PD NOV PY 2014 VL 12 IS 11 BP 622 EP 632 DI 10.1002/2014SW001084 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geochemistry & Geophysics; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AW5YJ UT WOS:000346346500003 ER PT J AU Ickert-Bond, SM Gerrath, J Wen, J AF Ickert-Bond, Stefanie M. Gerrath, Jean Wen, Jun TI GYNOECIAL STRUCTURE OF VITALES AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE EVOLUTION OF PLACENTATION IN THE ROSIDS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE angiosperms; Vitaceae; Leeaceae; gynoecial structure; placentation evolution ID COMPARATIVE FLORAL STRUCTURE; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; SAXIFRAGACEAE SENSU-LATO; COMPARATIVE INFRUCTESCENCE MORPHOLOGY; AMBORELLA-TRICHOPODA AMBORELLACEAE; INTRA-OVARIAN TRICHOMES; TRNL-F SEQUENCES; ANATOMICAL DEVELOPMENT; VASCULAR ANATOMY; SYSTEMATIC POSITION AB Premise of research.Evolutionary relationships of the Vitales (the economically important Vitaceae and its sister family Leeaceae) within the rosids have been difficult to resolve. Gynoecial structure, especially the placentation type, of the two families has been variously interpreted. A survey of gynoecial structure is undertaken within these two families, and they are interpreted in light of phylogenetic comparison of placentation types among all angiosperms.Methodology.Gynoecial structure and architecture in 21 species were studied with light and scanning electron microscopy. Ancestral character reconstruction of gynoecia with axile, parietal, basal, apical, free-central, marginal, or laminar placentae across 640 taxa representing all 58 orders of angiosperms was inferred using maximum likelihood to help interpret the evolution of the gynoecium in the Vitales.Pivotal results.The syncarpous ovary is bicarpellate in Vitaceae and tricarpellate in Leeaceae; in both the carpels are congenitally fused to form the synascidiate zone. Placentae are located basally on the septum with generally two ovules per carpel. Distally, septa are incomplete, resulting in the ovary being incompletely bilocular in Vitaceae and incompletely trilocular in Leeaceae. Further morphological variations are a result of differential growth of the septa. In some species of Cyphostemma septa are further reduced, and the ovary is clearly unilocular. Ancestral character reconstruction using maximum likelihood across 640 angiosperm taxa infers marginal placentation to be the ancestral condition, while that of the Superrosidae is axile, with basal placentation inferred to be derived within the clade.Conclusions.The apically incompletely septate gynoecia and basally septate gynoecia of Vitaceae and Leeaceae are also found in 31 other angiosperm families. These results underscore the labile nature of placentation despite its long use as a character of taxonomic significance. The study provides a basis for inferring the directionality of placentation evolution in the context of a wider investigation of rosid relationships. C1 [Ickert-Bond, Stefanie M.] Univ Alaska Museum North, Herbarium, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Ickert-Bond, Stefanie M.] Univ Alaska, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Gerrath, Jean] Univ Guelph, Dept Mol & Cell Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Ickert-Bond, SM (reprint author), Univ Alaska Museum North, Herbarium, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM smickertbond@alaska.edu RI Ickert-Bond, Stefanie/B-3216-2012 OI Ickert-Bond, Stefanie/0000-0001-8198-8898 FU Smithsonian Senior Fellowship; US National Science Foundation [DEB 0743474, 0743499] FX We thank the Smithsonian's Department of Botany Museum specialist Stanley Yankowski for help with embedding, sectioning, and photography; the SEM lab director Scott Whittaker for his skillful maintenance of the SEM; the Smithsonian's Department of Botany greenhouse staff for taking care of the cultivated Vitaceae and Leeaceae accessions; Juan Carlos Villarreal for helpful discussions on ancestral character reconstructions in Mesquite; Margaret Oliver for her help with the appendix; and Peter Endress, Claudia Erbar, Peter Leins, and Kathleen Pigg for advice and detailed discussions on an earlier version of the manuscript. This research was supported by a Smithsonian Senior Fellowship to S. M. Ickert-Bond and grants from the US National Science Foundation to J. Wen and J. Gerrath (DEB 0743474 and 0743499). NR 517 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-5893 EI 1537-5315 J9 INT J PLANT SCI JI Int. J. Plant Sci. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 175 IS 9 BP 998 EP 1032 DI 10.1086/678086 PG 35 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AW0MR UT WOS:000345987200004 ER PT J AU Adrian-Martinez, S Albert, A Andre, M Anton, G Ardid, M Aubert, JJ Baret, B Barrios-Marti, J Basa, S Bertin, V Biagii, S Bogazzi, C Bormuth, R Bou-Cabo, M Bouwhuis, MC Bruijn, R Brunner, J Busto, J Capone, A Caramete, L Carr, J Chiarusi, T Circella, M Coniglione, R Core, L Costantini, H Coyle, P Creusot, A De Rosa, G Dekeyser, I Deschamps, A De Bonis, G Distefano, C Donzaud, C Dornic, D Dorosti, Q Drouhin, D Dumas, A Eberl, T Elsasser, D Enzenhofer, A Escoffier, S Fehn, K Fells, I Fermani, P Folger, F Fusco, LA Galata, S Gay, P Geisselsoder, S Geyer, K Giordano, V Gleixner, A Gomez-Gonzalez, JP Graf, K Guillard, G van Haren, H Heijboer, AJ Hello, Y Hernandez-Rey, JJ Herold, B Herrero, A Hossl, J Hofestadt, J Hugon, C James, CW de Jong, M Kadler, M Kalekin, O Kappes, A Katz, U Kiessling, D Kooijman, P Kouchner, A Kreykenbohm, I Kulikovskiy, V Lahmann, R Lambard, E Lambard, G Lefevre, D Leonora, E Loehner, H Loucatos, S Mangano, S Marcelin, M Margiotta, A Martinez-Mora, JA Martini, S Mathieu, A Michael, T Migliozzi, P Muller, C Neff, M Nezri, E Palioselitis, D Pavalas, GE Perrina, C Popa, V Pradier, T Racca, C Riccobene, G Richter, R Roensch, K Rostovtsev, A Saldana, M Samtleben, DFE Sanchez-Losa, A Sanguineti, M Schmid, J Schnabel, J Schulte, S Schussler, F Seitz, T Sieger, C Spies, A Spurioi, M Steijger, JJM Stolarczyk, T Taiuti, M Tamburini, C Tayalati, Y Trovato, A Tselengidou, M Tonnis, C Vallage, B Vallee, C Van Eewyck, V Visser, E Vivolo, D Wagner, S Wilms, J de Wolf, E Yatkin, K Yepes, H Zornoza, JD Zuniga, J Falco, EE AF Adrian-Martinez, S. Albert, A. Andre, M. Anton, G. Ardid, M. Aubert, J. J. Baret, B. Barrios-Marti, J. Basa, S. Bertin, V. Biagii, S. Bogazzi, C. Bormuth, R. Bou-Cabo, M. Bouwhuis, M. C. Bruijn, R. Brunner, J. Busto, J. Capone, A. Caramete, L. Carr, J. Chiarusi, T. Circella, M. Coniglione, R. Core, L. Costantini, H. Coyle, P. Creusot, A. De Rosa, G. Dekeyser, I. Deschamps, A. De Bonis, G. Distefano, C. Donzaud, C. Dornic, D. Dorosti, Q. Drouhin, D. Dumas, A. Eberl, T. Elsaesser, D. Enzenhoefer, A. Escoffier, S. Fehn, K. Fells, I. Fermani, P. Folger, F. Fusco, L. A. Galata, S. Gay, P. Geisselsoeder, S. Geyer, K. Giordano, V. Gleixner, A. Gomez-Gonzalez, J. P. Graf, K. Guillard, G. van Haren, H. Heijboer, A. J. Hello, Y. Hernandez-Rey, J. J. Herold, B. Herrero, A. Hoessl, J. Hofestaedt, J. Hugon, C. James, C. W. de Jong, M. Kadler, M. Kalekin, O. Kappes, A. Katz, U. Kiessling, D. Kooijman, P. Kouchner, A. Kreykenbohm, I. Kulikovskiy, V. Lahmann, R. Lambard, E. Lambard, G. Lefevre, D. Leonora, E. Loehner, H. Loucatos, S. Mangano, S. Marcelin, M. Margiotta, A. Martinez-Mora, J. A. Martini, S. Mathieu, A. Michael, T. Migliozzi, P. Mueller, C. Neff, M. Nezri, E. Palioselitis, D. Pavalas, G. E. Perrina, C. Popa, V. Pradier, T. Racca, C. Riccobene, G. Richter, R. Roensch, K. Rostovtsev, A. Saldana, M. Samtleben, D. F. E. Sanchez-Losa, A. Sanguineti, M. Schmid, J. Schnabel, J. Schulte, S. Schuessler, F. Seitz, T. Sieger, C. Spies, A. Spurioi, M. Steijger, J. J. M. Stolarczyk, Th. Taiuti, M. Tamburini, C. Tayalati, Y. Trovato, A. Tselengidou, M. Toennis, C. Vallage, B. Vallee, C. Van Eewyck, V. Visser, E. Vivolo, D. Wagner, S. Wilms, J. de Wolf, E. Yatkin, K. Yepes, H. Zornoza, J. D. Zuniga, J. Falco, E. E. CA ANTARES Collaboration TI Constraining the neutrino emission of gravitationally lensed Flat-Spectrum Radio Quasars with ANTARES data SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing; neutrino astronomy ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; BOLOMETRIC LUMINOSITIES; SHOCK FRONTS; PKS 1830-211; COSMIC-RAYS; TIME-DELAY; POINT-LIKE; SYSTEM; BLAZARS AB This paper proposes to exploit gravitational lensing effects to improve the sensitivity of neutrino telescopes to the intrinsic neutrino emission of distant blazar populations. This strategy is illustrated with a search for cosmic neutrinos in the direction of four distant and gravitationally lensed Flat-Spectrum Radio Quasars. The magnification factor is estimated for each system assuming a singular isothermal profile for the lens. Based on data collected from 2007 to 2012 by the ANTARES neutrino telescope, the strongest constraint is obtained from the lensed quasar B0218+357, providing a limit on the total neutrino luminosity of this source of 1.08 x 10(46) erg s(-1) This limit is about one order of magnitude lower than those previously obtained in the ANTARES standard point source searches with non-lensed Flat-Spectrum Radio Quasars. C1 [Adrian-Martinez, S.; Ardid, M.; Bou-Cabo, M.; Fells, I.; Herrero, A.; Martinez-Mora, J. A.; Saldana, M.] Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Invest Gestio Integrada Zones Costaneres IGI, Gandia 46730, Spain. [Albert, A.; Drouhin, D.; Racca, C.] GRPHE, Inst Univ Technol Colmar, F-68008 Colmar, France. [Andre, M.; Bertin, V.] Tech Univ Catalonia, Lab Appl Bioacoust, Barcelona 08800, Spain. [Anton, G.; Eberl, T.; Enzenhoefer, A.; Fehn, K.; Folger, F.; Geisselsoeder, S.; Geyer, K.; Gleixner, A.; Graf, K.; Herold, B.; Hoessl, J.; Hofestaedt, J.; James, C. W.; Kalekin, O.; Kappes, A.; Katz, U.; Kiessling, D.; Lahmann, R.; Neff, M.; Richter, R.; Roensch, K.; Schmid, J.; Schnabel, J.; Seitz, T.; Sieger, C.; Spies, A.; Tselengidou, M.; Wagner, S.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Aubert, J. J.; Brunner, J.; Busto, J.; Carr, J.; Core, L.; Costantini, H.; Coyle, P.; Dornic, D.; Escoffier, S.; Lambard, E.; Mathieu, A.; Vallee, C.; Yatkin, K.] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IN2P3, CPPM UMR 7346, F-13288 Marseille, France. [Baret, B.; Creusot, A.; Donzaud, C.; Galata, S.; Kouchner, A.; Loucatos, S.; Van Eewyck, V.] Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Observ Paris, CEA Irfu,CNRS IN2P3,APC, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Barrios-Marti, J.; Gomez-Gonzalez, J. P.; Hernandez-Rey, J. J.; Lambard, G.; Mangano, S.; Sanchez-Losa, A.; Toennis, C.; Yepes, H.; Zornoza, J. D.; Zuniga, J.] Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC, Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia 46071, Spain. [Basa, S.; Marcelin, M.; Nezri, E.] LAM, F-13388 Marseille 13, France. [Biagii, S.; Chiarusi, T.; Fusco, L. A.; Margiotta, A.; Spurioi, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Biagii, S.; Fusco, L. A.; Margiotta, A.; Spurioi, M.] Dipartimento Fis Univ, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Bogazzi, C.; Bormuth, R.; Bouwhuis, M. C.; Bruijn, R.; Heijboer, A. J.; de Jong, M.; Kooijman, P.; Michael, T.; Palioselitis, D.; Samtleben, D. F. E.; Schulte, S.; Steijger, J. J. M.; Visser, E.; de Wolf, E.] Nikhef, NL-1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bormuth, R.; de Jong, M.; Samtleben, D. F. E.] Leiden Univ, Leids Inst Onderzoek Natwarkunde, NL-2333 CA Leiden, Netherlands. [Capone, A.; De Bonis, G.; Fermani, P.; Perrina, C.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Capone, A.; De Bonis, G.; Fermani, P.; Perrina, C.] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Caramete, L.; Pavalas, G. E.; Popa, V.] Inst Space Sci, R-77125 Bucharest, Magurele, Romania. [Circella, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Coniglione, R.; Distefano, C.; Kulikovskiy, V.; Riccobene, G.; Trovato, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, LNS, I-95123 Catania, Italy. [De Rosa, G.; Migliozzi, P.; Vivolo, D.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80126 Naples, Italy. [De Rosa, G.; Vivolo, D.] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Fis, I-80126 Naples, Italy. [Dekeyser, I.; Lefevre, D.; Martini, S.; Tamburini, C.] Aix Marseille Univ, MIO, F-13288 Marseille 9, France. [Deschamps, A.; Hello, Y.] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, Geoazur, Observ Cote Azur, IRD,CNRS, Sophia Antipolis, France. [Donzaud, C.] Univ Paris 11, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Dorosti, Q.; Loehner, H.] Univ Groningen, Kernfys Versneller Inst, NL-9747 AA Groningen, Netherlands. [Dumas, A.; Gay, P.; Guillard, G.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Clermont Univ, CNRS, IN2P3,Phys Corpusculaire Lab, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Elsaesser, D.; Kadler, M.] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Giordano, V.; Leonora, E.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy. [van Haren, H.] Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res NIOZ, NL-1797 SZ T Homtje, Texel, Netherlands. [Hugon, C.; Sanguineti, M.; Taiuti, M.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Hugon, C.; Sanguineti, M.; Taiuti, M.] Dipartimento Fis Univ, I-16146 Genoa, Italy. [Kooijman, P.] Univ Utrecht, Fac Betawetensch, NL-3584 CC Utrecht, Netherlands. [Kooijman, P.; de Wolf, E.] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Hoge Energie Fys, NL-1098 XG Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Kreykenbohm, I.; Mueller, C.; Wilms, J.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dr RemeisStemwarte & ECAP, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Leonora, E.] Dipartimento Fis & Astron Univ, I-95125 Catania, Italy. [Loucatos, S.; Schuessler, F.; Stolarczyk, Th.; Vallage, B.] CEA Saclay, Inst Rech Fondament Univers, Serv Phys Particules, Direct Sci Mat, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Pradier, T.] Univ Strasbourg, IPHC Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. [Pradier, T.] CNRS, IN2P3, F-67037 Strasbourg, France. [Rostovtsev, A.] Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia. [Tayalati, Y.] Univ Mohammed 1, Lab Phys Matter & Radiat, Oujda 6000, Morocco. [Falco, E. E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Dekeyser, I.; Lefevre, D.; Martini, S.; Tamburini, C.] Univ Sud Toulon Var, CNRS, INSU, IRD UM 110, F-83957 La Garde, France. RP Adrian-Martinez, S (reprint author), Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Invest Gestio Integrada Zones Costaneres IGI, C Paranimf 1, Gandia 46730, Spain. RI Distefano, Carla/G-5213-2016; Riccobene, Giorgio Maria/A-4502-2010; Zornoza, Juan de Dios/L-1604-2014; Eberl, Thomas/J-4826-2016; Hernandez-Rey, Juan Jose/N-5955-2014; Capone, Antonio/F-1098-2010; Ardid, Miguel/H-9544-2015; Zuniga, Juan/P-4385-2014; Martinez-Mora, Juan Antonio/P-3552-2015; Trovato, Agata/F-4160-2016; Biagi, Simone/G-4557-2016; Schussler, Fabian/G-5313-2013; Wilms, Joern/C-8116-2013; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Brunner, Juergen/G-3540-2015; James, Clancy/G-9178-2015; Anton, Gisela/C-4840-2013; Caramete, Laurentiu/C-2328-2011; Migliozzi, Pasquale/I-6427-2015; De Rosa, Gianfranca/E-8737-2012; cabo, bou/N-2076-2014 OI Kadler, Matthias/0000-0001-5606-6154; vivolo, daniele/0000-0002-4773-2116; Sanguineti, Matteo/0000-0002-7206-2097; Sanchez Losa, Agustin/0000-0001-9596-7078; Fusco, Luigi Antonio/0000-0001-8254-3372; Distefano, Carla/0000-0001-8632-1136; Riccobene, Giorgio Maria/0000-0002-0600-2774; Zornoza, Juan de Dios/0000-0002-1834-0690; Eberl, Thomas/0000-0002-5301-9106; Hernandez-Rey, Juan Jose/0000-0002-1527-7200; Ardid, Miguel/0000-0002-3199-594X; Zuniga, Juan/0000-0002-1041-6451; Escoffier, Stephanie/0000-0002-2847-7498; Spurio, Maurizio/0000-0002-8698-3655; Martinez-Mora, Juan Antonio/0000-0001-7956-2847; Trovato, Agata/0000-0002-9714-1904; Biagi, Simone/0000-0001-8598-0017; Schussler, Fabian/0000-0003-1500-6571; Wilms, Joern/0000-0003-2065-5410; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Brunner, Juergen/0000-0002-5052-7236; James, Clancy/0000-0002-6437-6176; Anton, Gisela/0000-0003-2039-4724; Migliozzi, Pasquale/0000-0001-5497-3594; De Rosa, Gianfranca/0000-0002-2197-511X; FU Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives (CEA); Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program); Region Alsace (contrat CPER); Region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, Departement du Var and Ville de La Seyne-sur-Mer, France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy; Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM); Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; Council of the President of the Russian Federation for young scientists and leading scientific schools supporting grants, Russia; National Authority for Scientific Research (UEFISCDI), Romania; Servicio Publico de Empleo Estatal (SEPE); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN); Prometeo of Generalitat Valenciana and Multi Dark, Spain; Agence de l'Oriental and CNRST, Morocco FX They also acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives (CEA), Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Region Alsace (contrat CPER), Region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, Departement du Var and Ville de La Seyne-sur-Mer, France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy; Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; Council of the President of the Russian Federation for young scientists and leading scientific schools supporting grants, Russia; National Authority for Scientific Research (UEFISCDI), Romania; Servicio Publico de Empleo Estatal (SEPE), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN), Prometeo of Generalitat Valenciana and Multi Dark, Spain; Agence de l'Oriental and CNRST, Morocco. We also acknowledge the technical support of Ifremer, AIM and Foselev Marine for the sea operation and the CC-IN2P3 for the computing facilities. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 35 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD NOV PY 2014 IS 11 AR 017 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2014/11/017 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AW2GF UT WOS:000346105300018 ER PT J AU Man, JY Cheng, HB AF Man, Jingyun Cheng, Hongbo TI The time delay in strong gravitational lensing with Gauss-Bonnet correction SO JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE modified gravity; gravitational lensing; gravity ID BLACK-HOLE; FIELD LIMIT AB The time delay between two relativistic images in the strong gravitational lensing governed by Gauss-Bonnet gravity is studied. We make a complete analytical derivation of the expression of time delay in presence of Gauss-Bonnet coupling. With respect to Schwarzschild, the time delay decreases as a consequence of the shrinking of the photon sphere. As the coupling increases, the second term in the time delay expansion becomes more relevant. Thus time delay in strong limit encodes some new information about geometry in five-dimensional spacetime with Gauss-Bonnet correction. C1 [Man, Jingyun; Cheng, Hongbo] E China Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Cheng, Hongbo] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Man, Jingyun; Cheng, Hongbo] Shanghai Key Lab Astrophys, Shanghai 200234, Peoples R China. RP Man, JY (reprint author), E China Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Phys, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. EM jingyunman@mail.ecust.edu.cn; hbcheng@ecust.edu.cn FU NSFC [10875043]; Shanghai Research Foundation [07dz22020] FX This Woik is supported by NSFC No. 10875043 and is partly supported by the Shanghai Research Foundation No. 07dz22020. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1475-7516 J9 J COSMOL ASTROPART P JI J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. PD NOV PY 2014 IS 11 AR 025 DI 10.1088/1475-7516/2014/11/025 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA AW2GF UT WOS:000346105300026 ER PT J AU Hassler, SK Lark, RM Zimmermann, B Elsenbeer, H AF Hassler, S. K. Lark, R. M. Zimmermann, B. Elsenbeer, H. TI Which sampling design to monitor saturated hydraulic conductivity? SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SOIL PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; LAND-USE CHANGE; HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES; FOREST; PASTURE; RECOVERY; CARBON; DISTURBANCE; DYNAMICS; FIELDS AB Soil in a changing world is subject to both anthropogenic and environmental stresses. Soil monitoring is essential to assess the magnitude of changes in soil variables and how they affect ecosystem processes and human livelihoods. However, we cannot always be sure which sampling design is best for a given monitoring task. We employed a rotational stratified simple random sampling (rotStRS) for the estimation of temporal changes in the spatial mean of saturated hydraulic conductivity (K-s) at three sites in central Panama in 2009, 2010 and 2011. To assess this design's efficiency we compared the resulting estimates of the spatial mean and variance for 2009 with those gained from stratified simple random sampling (StRS), which was effectively the data obtained on the first sampling time, and with an equivalent unexecuted simple random sampling (SRS). The poor performance of geometrical stratification and the weak predictive relationship between measurements of successive years yielded no advantage of sampling designs more complex than SRS. The failure of stratification may be attributed to the small large-scale variability of K-s. Revisiting previously sampled locations was not beneficial because of the large small-scale variability in combination with destructive sampling, resulting in poor consistency between revisited samples. We conclude that for our K-s monitoring scheme, repeated SRS is equally effective as rotStRS. Some problems of small-scale variability might be overcome by collecting several samples at close range to reduce the effect of small-scale variation. Finally, we give recommendations on the key factors to consider when deciding whether to use stratification and rotation in a soil monitoring scheme. C1 [Hassler, S. K.] GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. [Hassler, S. K.; Zimmermann, B.; Elsenbeer, H.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Earth & Environm Sci, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. [Lark, R. M.] British Geol Survey, Keyworth NG12 5GG, Notts, England. [Elsenbeer, H.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Hassler, SK (reprint author), GFZ German Res Ctr Geosci, Telegrafenberg, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. EM sibylle.hassler@gfz-potsdam.de RI Lark, Richard/G-6744-2012 OI Lark, Richard/0000-0003-2571-8521 FU HSBC climate partnership (HCP); STRI; ACP; Frank Levinson family foundation; Motta family foundation FX The Agua Salud Project (ASP), in which this study was undertaken, is a collaboration among the Panama Canal Authority (Autoridad del Canal de Panama, ACP), the National Environmental Authority of Panama (Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente, ANAM) and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI). It is financially supported by the HSBC climate partnership (HCP), with additional funding from STRI, ACP, the Frank Levinson family foundation, and the Motta family foundation. RML's contribution to this work is published with the permission of the Director of the British Geological Survey (NERC). The field work of this study would not have been possible without the help of a number of interns and Bachelor students from the University of Potsdam, as well as local support from several ASP staff and people from the village El Giral. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-0754 EI 1365-2389 J9 EUR J SOIL SCI JI Eur. J. Soil Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 65 IS 6 SI SI BP 792 EP 802 DI 10.1111/ejss.12174 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AU5AK UT WOS:000345619300003 ER PT J AU Rowcliffe, JM Kays, R Kranstauber, B Carbone, C Jansen, PA AF Rowcliffe, J. Marcus Kays, Roland Kranstauber, Bart Carbone, Chris Jansen, Patrick A. TI Quantifying levels of animal activity using camera trap data SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE activity level; activity time; circular kernel; proportion active; remote sensors; Von Mises distribution; weighted kernel ID HOME-RANGE SIZE; PREDATOR AVOIDANCE; CIRCADIAN ACTIVITY; MICROTUS-ARVALIS; ACTIVITY PATTERN; COMMON VOLE; TIME; FOOD; DETERMINANTS; ECOLOGY AB 1.Activity level (the proportion of time that animals spend active) is a behavioural and ecological metric that can provide an indicator of energetics, foraging effort and exposure to risk. However, activity level is poorly known for free-living animals because it is difficult to quantify activity in the field in a consistent, cost-effective and non-invasive way. This article presents a new method to estimate activity level with time-of-detection data from camera traps (or more generally any remote sensors), fitting a flexible circular distribution to these data to describe the underlying activity schedule, and calculating overall proportion of time active from this. Using simulations and a case study for a range of small- to medium-sized mammal species, we find that activity level can reliably be estimated using the new method. The method depends on the key assumption that all individuals in the sampled population are active at the peak of the daily activity cycle. We provide theoretical and empirical evidence suggesting that this assumption is likely to be met for many species, but may be less likely met in large predators, or in high-latitude winters. Further research is needed to establish stronger evidence on the validity of this assumption in specific cases; however, the approach has the potential to provide an effective, non-invasive alternative to existing methods for quantifying population activity levels. C1 [Rowcliffe, J. Marcus; Carbone, Chris] Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, London NW1 4RY, England. [Kays, Roland; Jansen, Patrick A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Kays, Roland] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kays, Roland] Museum Nat Sci, Raleigh, NC USA. [Kranstauber, Bart] Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Dept Migrat & Immunoecol, Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany. [Kranstauber, Bart] Univ Konstanz, Dept Biol, Constance, Germany. [Jansen, Patrick A.] Wageningen Univ, Dept Environm Sci, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. RP Rowcliffe, JM (reprint author), Zool Soc London, Inst Zool, Regents Pk, London NW1 4RY, England. EM marcus.rowcliffe@ioz.ac.uk RI Jansen, Patrick/G-2545-2015 OI Jansen, Patrick/0000-0002-4660-0314 FU National Science Foundation [NSF-DEB 0717071]; British Ecological Society; Netherlands Foundation of Scientific Research [NWO-ALW863-07-008] FX We thank Nadia Sitas, Anthony Turner, Daniel Rasmussen and Lennart Suselbeek for assistance in the field, as well as the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, and especially Oris Acevedo, for logistical support. Required permits for the work described in this article were obtained from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. The work was funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF-DEB 0717071), the British Ecological Society, and the Netherlands Foundation of Scientific Research (NWO-ALW863-07-008). NR 48 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 6 U2 95 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2041-210X EI 2041-2096 J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL JI Methods Ecol. Evol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 5 IS 11 BP 1170 EP 1179 DI 10.1111/2041-210X.12278 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AU7DX UT WOS:000345762000005 ER PT J AU Sushkov, AO Chisholm, N Lovchinsky, I Kubo, M Lo, PK Bennett, SD Hunger, D Akimov, A Walsworth, RL Park, H Lukin, MD AF Sushkov, A. O. Chisholm, N. Lovchinsky, I. Kubo, M. Lo, P. K. Bennett, S. D. Hunger, D. Akimov, A. Walsworth, R. L. Park, H. Lukin, M. D. TI All-Optical Sensing of a Single-Molecule Electron Spin SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen vacancy center; diamond; single-molecule spin; magnetometry; all-optical ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; AMBIENT CONDITIONS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; DIAMOND; MICROSCOPY; RESOLUTION; IMMUNE; CELLS AB We demonstrate an all-optical method for magnetic sensing of individual molecules in ambient conditions at room temperature. Our approach is based on shallow nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers near the surface of a diamond crystal, which we use to detect single paramagnetic molecules covalently attached to the diamond surface. The manipulation and readout of the NV centers is all-optical and provides a sensitive probe of the magnetic field fluctuations stemming from the dynamics of the electronic spins of the attached molecules. As a specific example, we demonstrate detection of a single paramagnetic molecule containing a gadolinium (Gd3+) ion. We confirm single-molecule resolution using optical fluorescence and atomic force microscopy to colocalize one NV center and one Gd3+-containing molecule. Possible applications include nanoscale and in vivo magnetic spectroscopy and imaging of individual molecules. C1 [Sushkov, A. O.; Lovchinsky, I.; Bennett, S. D.; Walsworth, R. L.; Park, H.; Lukin, M. D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sushkov, A. O.; Kubo, M.; Park, H.] Harvard Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chisholm, N.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lo, P. K.] City Univ Hong Kong, Dept Biol & Chem, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Hunger, D.] Max Planck Inst Quantum Opt, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Akimov, A.] Russian Quantum Ctr, Skolkovo 143025, Moscow Region, Russia. [Walsworth, R. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Walsworth, R. L.] Harvard Univ, Ctr Brain Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Park, H.] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. RP Park, H (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM Hongkun_Park@harvard.edu; lukin@physics.harvard.edu RI lo, pik Kwan peggy/D-3196-2012; Akimov, Alexey/J-6385-2015; Hunger, David/A-7673-2012 OI Akimov, Alexey/0000-0002-4167-5085; Hunger, David/0000-0001-6156-6145 FU Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (QuASAR program); NSF; CUA; ARO MURI; Element Six Inc; Packard Foundation; NSERC; NDSEG FX We acknowledge Eric Bersin, Yiwen Chu, Mike Grinolds, Nathalie de Leon, Brendan Shields, Joshua Vaughan, Amir Yacoby, and Norman Yao for experimental help and fruitful discussions. This work was supported by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (QuASAR program), NSF, CUA, ARO MURI, Element Six Inc, Packard Foundation, NSERC (NC) and NDSEG (IL). The authors declare no competing financial interest. NR 30 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 8 U2 58 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 EI 1530-6992 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 14 IS 11 BP 6443 EP 6448 DI 10.1021/nl502988n PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA AU6PE UT WOS:000345723800065 PM 25333198 ER PT J AU Roggenbuck, M Schnell, IB Blom, N Baelum, J Bertelsen, MF Ponten, TS Sorensen, SJ Gilbert, MTP Graves, GR Hansen, LH AF Roggenbuck, Michael Schnell, Ida Baerholm Blom, Nikolaj Baelum, Jacob Bertelsen, Mads Frost Ponten, Thomas Sicheritz Sorensen, Soren Johannes Gilbert, M. Thomas P. Graves, Gary R. Hansen, Lars H. TI The microbiome of New World vultures SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID CLOSTRIDIUM-PERFRINGENS; SKIN MICROBIOME; GUT MICROBIOME; ANCIENT DNA; SEQUENCES; AMPLIFICATION; COMMUNITIES; DIVERSITY; MAMMALS; BIRDS AB Vultures are scavengers that fill a key ecosystem niche, in which they have evolved a remarkable tolerance to bacterial toxins in decaying meat. Here we report the first deep metagenomic analysis of the vulture microbiome. Through face and gut comparisons of 50 vultures representing two species, we demonstrate a remarkably conserved low diversity of gut microbial flora. The gut samples contained an average of 76 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) per specimen, compared with 528 OTUs on the facial skin. Clostridia and Fusobacteria, widely pathogenic to other vertebrates, dominate the vulture's gut microbiota. We reveal a likely faecal-oral-gut route for their origin. DNA of prey species detectable on facial swabs was completely degraded in the gut samples from most vultures, suggesting that the gastrointestinal tracts of vultures are extremely selective. Our findings show a strong adaption of vultures and their bacteria to their food source, exemplifying a specialized host-microbial alliance. C1 [Roggenbuck, Michael; Sorensen, Soren Johannes] Univ Copenhagen, Microbiol Sect, Dept Biol, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Schnell, Ida Baerholm; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr GeoGenet, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Schnell, Ida Baerholm; Bertelsen, Mads Frost] Copenhagen Zoo, Ctr Zoo & Wild Anim Hlth, DK-2000 Frederiksberg, Denmark. [Blom, Nikolaj; Baelum, Jacob; Ponten, Thomas Sicheritz] Tech Univ Denmark, Ctr Biol Sequence Anal, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Blom, Nikolaj] Tech Univ Denmark, Ctr Biosustainabil, DK-2970 Horsholm, Denmark. [Graves, Gary R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Graves, Gary R.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Hansen, Lars H.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Environm Sci, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. RP Graves, GR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM gravesg@si.edu; lhha@envs.au.dk RI Schnell, Ida Barholm/B-9546-2015; Gilbert, Marcus/A-8936-2013; Sorensen, Soren/J-5015-2014; publist, CMEC/C-3010-2012; publicationpage, cmec/B-4405-2017; Balum, Jacob/I-2353-2013; OI Schnell, Ida Barholm/0000-0002-0436-785X; Gilbert, Marcus/0000-0002-5805-7195; Sorensen, Soren/0000-0001-6227-9906; Balum, Jacob/0000-0002-1022-6586; Bertelsen, Mads/0000-0001-9201-7499; Blom, Nikolaj Sorgenfrei/0000-0001-7787-7853 FU Alexander Wetmore Fund of the Smithsonian Institution; Smoketree Trust; Center for Environmental and Agricultural Microbiology (CREAM) in Copenhagen, Denmark; Lundbeck grant [R44-A4384, R52-A5062] FX We thank Brian Schmidt and Christina Gebhard (both Smithsonian Institution) for necropsying vultures; Blaine Hyle, Talon Redding, William Simmons and J.D. Freye (all USDA) for collecting vultures; and Keith Wehner, Blaine Hyle and Brett Dunlap (all USDA) for providing critical logistic support in Nashville. The Alexander Wetmore Fund of the Smithsonian Institution provided funding for fieldwork. G. R. G. thanks the Smoketree Trust for support. M. R. acknowledges the financial support of a PhD scholarship from the Center for Environmental and Agricultural Microbiology (CREAM) in Copenhagen, Denmark. L. H. H. thanks the Lundbeck grant no. R44-A4384. M. T. P. G. acknowledges the Lundbeck grant no. R52-A5062. Furthermore, we thank Nina Christiansen and Lillian Anne Petersen, from the Danish National High-Throughput DNA Sequencing Centre, who constructed the 16S rRNA gene amplicon and the shotgun metagenomic libraries. We also thank Gisle Vestergaard (Section for microbiology, University of Copenhagen) and Shaun Nielsen (UNSW, Sydney, Australia) for analytical support. Last but not least, we thank Jessica Metcalf, Tony Walters and Juan Manuel Peralta Sanchez from the Rob Knight lab for helpful discussion. NR 43 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 10 U2 75 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 5 AR 5498 DI 10.1038/ncomms6498 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AU9LA UT WOS:000345913000003 PM 25423494 ER PT J AU Aliu, E Aune, T Barnacka, A Beilicke, M Benbow, W Berger, K Biteau, J Buckley, JH Bugaev, V Byrum, K Cardenzana, JV Cerruti, M Chen, X Ciupik, L Connaughton, V Cui, W Dickinson, HJ Eisch, JD Errando, M Falcone, A Federici, S Feng, Q Finley, JP Fleischhack, H Fortin, P Fortson, L Furniss, A Galante, N Gillanders, GH Griffin, S Griffiths, ST Grube, J Gyuk, G Hakansson, N Hanna, D Holder, J Hughes, G Humensky, TB Johnson, CA Kaaret, P Kar, P Kertzman, M Khassen, Y Kieda, D Krawczynski, H Krennrich, F Lang, MJ Madhavan, AS Maier, G McArthur, S McCann, A Meagher, K Millis, J Moriarty, P Mukherjee, R Nieto, D de Bhroithe, AO Ong, RA Otte, AN Park, N Pohl, M Popkow, A Prokoph, H Pueschel, E Quinn, J Ragan, K Rajotte, J Reyes, LC Reynolds, PT Richards, GT Roache, E Sembroski, GH Shahinyan, K Smith, AW Staszak, D Telezhinsky, I Tucci, JV Tyler, J Varlotta, A Vassiliev, VV Vincent, S Wakely, SP Weiner, OM Weinstein, A Welsing, R Wilhelm, A Williams, DA Zitzer, B McEnery, JE Perkins, JS Veres, P Zhu, S AF Aliu, E. Aune, T. Barnacka, A. Beilicke, M. Benbow, W. Berger, K. Biteau, J. Buckley, J. H. Bugaev, V. Byrum, K. Cardenzana, J. V. Cerruti, M. Chen, X. Ciupik, L. Connaughton, V. Cui, W. Dickinson, H. J. Eisch, J. D. Errando, M. Falcone, A. Federici, S. Feng, Q. Finley, J. P. Fleischhack, H. Fortin, P. Fortson, L. Furniss, A. Galante, N. Gillanders, G. H. Griffin, S. Griffiths, S. T. Grube, J. Gyuk, G. Hakansson, N. Hanna, D. Holder, J. Hughes, G. Humensky, T. B. Johnson, C. A. Kaaret, P. Kar, P. Kertzman, M. Khassen, Y. Kieda, D. Krawczynski, H. Krennrich, F. Lang, M. J. Madhavan, A. S. Maier, G. McArthur, S. McCann, A. Meagher, K. Millis, J. Moriarty, P. Mukherjee, R. Nieto, D. de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain Ong, R. A. Otte, A. N. Park, N. Pohl, M. Popkow, A. Prokoph, H. Pueschel, E. Quinn, J. Ragan, K. Rajotte, J. Reyes, L. C. Reynolds, P. T. Richards, G. T. Roache, E. Sembroski, G. H. Shahinyan, K. Smith, A. W. Staszak, D. Telezhinsky, I. Tucci, J. V. Tyler, J. Varlotta, A. Vassiliev, V. V. Vincent, S. Wakely, S. P. Weiner, O. M. Weinstein, A. Welsing, R. Wilhelm, A. Williams, D. A. Zitzer, B. McEnery, J. E. Perkins, J. S. Veres, P. Zhu, S. TI CONSTRAINTS ON VERY HIGH ENERGY EMISSION FROM GRB 130427A SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE gamma-ray burst: individual (GRB 130427A) ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; COMPONENT; AFTERGLOWS; SWIFT; TELESCOPE; SPECTRA; MISSION; LIMITS; TEV AB Prompt emission from the very fluent and nearby (z = 0.34) gamma-ray burst GRB130427A was detected by several orbiting telescopes and by ground-based, wide-field-of-view optical transient monitors. Apart from the intensity and proximity of this GRB, it is exceptional due to the extremely long-lived high-energy (100 MeV to 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission, which was detected by the Large Area Telescope on the Fermi Gamma-Ray Space Telescope for similar to 70 ks after the initial burst. The persistent, hard-spectrum, high-energy emission suggests that the highest-energy gamma rays may have been produced via synchrotron self-Compton processes though there is also evidence that the high-energy emission may instead be an extension of the synchrotron spectrum. VERITAS, a ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope array, began follow-up observations of GRB130427A similar to 71 ks (similar to 20 hr) after the onset of the burst. The GRB was not detected with VERITAS; however, the high elevation of the observations, coupled with the low redshift of the GRB, make VERITAS a very sensitive probe of the emission from GRB130427A for E > 100 GeV. The non-detection and consequent upper limit derived place constraints on the synchrotron self-Compton model of high-energy gamma-ray emission from this burst. C1 [Aliu, E.; Errando, M.; Mukherjee, R.] Columbia Univ Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Aune, T.; Ong, R. A.; Popkow, A.; Vassiliev, V. V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Barnacka, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Beilicke, M.; Buckley, J. H.; Bugaev, V.; Krawczynski, H.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Benbow, W.; Cerruti, M.; Fortin, P.; Galante, N.; Roache, E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA. [Berger, K.; Holder, J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Berger, K.; Holder, J.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Biteau, J.; Furniss, A.; Johnson, C. A.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Biteau, J.; Furniss, A.; Johnson, C. A.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Byrum, K.; Zitzer, B.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Cardenzana, J. V.; Dickinson, H. J.; Eisch, J. D.; Krennrich, F.; Madhavan, A. S.; Weinstein, A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Chen, X.; Federici, S.; Hakansson, N.; Pohl, M.; Telezhinsky, I.; Wilhelm, A.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. [Chen, X.; Federici, S.; Fleischhack, H.; Hughes, G.; Maier, G.; de Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain; Pohl, M.; Prokoph, H.; Telezhinsky, I.; Vincent, S.; Welsing, R.; Wilhelm, A.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ciupik, L.; Grube, J.; Gyuk, G.] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Connaughton, V.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Cui, W.; Feng, Q.; Finley, J. P.; Sembroski, G. H.; Tucci, J. V.; Varlotta, A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Falcone, A.; Veres, P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Fortson, L.; Shahinyan, K.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Gillanders, G. H.; Lang, M. J.; Moriarty, P.] Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Galway, Ireland. [Griffin, S.; Hanna, D.; Ragan, K.; Rajotte, J.; Staszak, D.; Tyler, J.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Griffiths, S. T.; Kaaret, P.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Humensky, T. B.; Nieto, D.; Weiner, O. M.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Kar, P.; Kieda, D.; Smith, A. W.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Kertzman, M.] Depauw Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Greencastle, IN 46135 USA. [Khassen, Y.; Pueschel, E.; Quinn, J.] Natl Univ Ireland Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland. [McArthur, S.; Park, N.; Wakely, S. P.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [McCann, A.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Meagher, K.; Otte, A. N.; Richards, G. T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Meagher, K.; Otte, A. N.; Richards, G. T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Millis, J.] Anderson Univ, Dept Phys, Anderson, IN 46012 USA. [Moriarty, P.] Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Dept Life & Phys Sci, Galway, Ireland. [Reyes, L. C.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 94307 USA. [Reynolds, P. T.] Cork Inst Technol, Dept Appl Phys & Instrumentat, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland. [McEnery, J. E.; Perkins, J. S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [McEnery, J. E.; Zhu, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [McEnery, J. E.; Zhu, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Veres, P.] George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Veres, P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Veres, P.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Particle & Gravitat Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Aliu, E (reprint author), Columbia Univ Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM aune@astro.ucla.edu; veres@email.gwu.edu; sjzhu@umd.edu RI Khassen, Yerbol/I-3806-2015; Nieto, Daniel/J-7250-2015; OI Khassen, Yerbol/0000-0002-7296-3100; Nieto, Daniel/0000-0003-3343-0755; Cui, Wei/0000-0002-6324-5772; Barnacka, Anna/0000-0001-5655-4158; Lang, Mark/0000-0003-4641-4201 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; U.S. National Science Foundation; Smithsonian Institution; NSERC in Canada; Science Foundation Ireland [SFI 10/RFP/AST2748]; STFC in the U.K; NASA [NNX12AE30G] FX VERITAS is supported by grants from the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, the U.S. National Science Foundation, and the Smithsonian Institution, by NSERC in Canada, by Science Foundation Ireland (SFI 10/RFP/AST2748) and by STFC in the U.K. Additional support for observations of GRBs comes from NASA grant NNX12AE30G. We acknowledge the excellent work of the technical support staff at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory and at the collaborating institutions in the construction and operation of the instrument. NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 795 IS 1 AR L3 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/795/1/L3 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AU2NO UT WOS:000345455500003 ER PT J AU Eberhard, W Pacheco-Esquivel, J Carrasco-Rueda, F Christopher, Y Gonzalez, C Ramos, D Urbina, H Blackwell, M AF Eberhard, William Pacheco-Esquivel, Jessica Carrasco-Rueda, Farah Christopher, Yuliana Gonzalez, Cely Ramos, Daniel Urbina, Hector Blackwell, Meredith TI Zombie bugs? The fungus Purpureocillium cf. lilacinum may manipulate the behavior of its host bug Edessa rufomarginata SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Costa Rica; insect; parasitic manipulation; pentatomid bug ID ENTOMOPHTHORA-MUSCAE; ANTS; HYMENOPTERA; ICHNEUMONIDAE; PHYLOGENY; PIMPLINAE; DOMESTICA; PATHOGEN AB Just before dying, Edessa rufomarginata (Hemiptera, Pentotomidae) individuals that are infected with the fungus Purpureocillium cf. lilacinum (Ascomycota: Ophiocordycipitaceae) move from the leaves onto the stems of their Solanum sp. host and firmly grasp the stems in ways seldom employed by uninfected bugs. These alterations in host behavior probably improve the chances that the subsequently produced fungal spores will be dispersed aerially. Purpureocillium cf. lilacinum is a member of the Ophiocordycipitaceae, a group in which other species also modify the behavior of their hosts. As in the case of newly distinguished relatives of Ophiocordyceps unilateralis associated with "zombie ants" the discovery of P. cf. lilacinum infecting bugs reveals that P. lilacinum may be more diverse than previously appreciated. C1 [Eberhard, William] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, Dept Biol Sci, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, San jose, Costa Rica. [Eberhard, William; Urbina, Hector; Blackwell, Meredith] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Pacheco-Esquivel, Jessica] Pontifica Univ Catolica Ecuador, Escuela Ciencias Biol, Lab Ecol Plantas, Quito, Ecuador. [Carrasco-Rueda, Farah] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat Educ & Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Christopher, Yuliana; Gonzalez, Cely] Inst Sci Res & High Technol Sci, Ctr Biodivers & Drug Discovery, Panama City, Panama. [Ramos, Daniel] Univ Laica Eloy Alfaro Manabi Manta, Manta, Ecuador. RP Eberhard, W (reprint author), Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, Dept Biol Sci, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ciudad Univ, San jose, Costa Rica. EM william.eberhard@gmail.com OI Urbina, Hector/0000-0002-5570-4537; Carrasco-Rueda, Farah/0000-0003-1686-2249 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0732671]; A Radcliffe Institute FX We are indebted to the late Jorge Gomez Laurito for identifying the plant, Jim Lewis for identifying the bug and Emilia Triana for photos. The project was carried out during the Organization for Tropical studies course "Ecologia tropical y conservacion 2013-2" coordinated by Alejandro Farji and Federico Chinchilla. The molecular part of the study was supported by a National Science Foundation award (DEB-0732671) to M.B. A Radcliffe Institute Fellowship provided M.B. with an unencumbered opportunity to write. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 70 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 EI 1557-2536 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 106 IS 6 BP 1065 EP 1072 DI 10.3852/13-264 PG 8 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA AU2ZS UT WOS:000345483500001 PM 25143477 ER PT J AU Lyson, TR Schachner, ER Botha-Brink, J Scheyer, TM Lambertz, M Bever, GS Rubidge, BS de Queiroz, K AF Lyson, Tyler R. Schachner, Emma R. Botha-Brink, Jennifer Scheyer, Torsten M. Lambertz, Markus Bever, G. S. Rubidge, Bruce S. de Queiroz, Kevin TI Origin of the unique ventilatory apparatus of turtles SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID LUNG VENTILATION; TREADMILL LOCOMOTION; AMNIOTE PHYLOGENY; EVOLUTION; RESPIRATION; FOSSILS; TETRAPODS; INSIGHTS; LINNE; SHELL AB The turtle body plan differs markedly from that of other vertebrates and serves as a model system for studying structural and developmental evolution. Incorporation of the ribs into the turtle shell negates the costal movements that effect lung ventilation in other air-breathing amniotes. Instead, turtles have a unique abdominal-muscle-based ventilatory apparatus whose evolutionary origins have remained mysterious. Here we show through broadly comparative anatomical and histological analyses that an early member of the turtle stem lineage has several turtle-specific ventilation characters: rigid ribcage, inferred loss of intercostal muscles and osteological correlates of the primary expiratory muscle. Our results suggest that the ventilation mechanism of turtles evolved through a division of labour between the ribs and muscles of the trunk in which the abdominal muscles took on the primary ventilatory function, whereas the broadened ribs became the primary means of stabilizing the trunk. These changes occurred approximately 50 million years before the evolution of the fully ossified shell. C1 [Lyson, Tyler R.] Denver Museum Nat & Sci, Dept Earth Sci, Denver, CO 80205 USA. [Lyson, Tyler R.; de Queiroz, Kevin] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Lyson, Tyler R.; Bever, G. S.; Rubidge, Bruce S.] Univ Witwatersrand, Evolutionary Studies Inst, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Schachner, Emma R.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Vet Clin Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Schachner, Emma R.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Botha-Brink, Jennifer] Natl Museum, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Botha-Brink, Jennifer] Univ Free State, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Scheyer, Torsten M.] Univ Zurich, Palaontol Inst & Museum, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. [Lambertz, Markus] Univ Bonn, Inst Zool, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Bever, G. S.] New York Inst Technol, Coll Osteopath Med, Old Westbury, NY 11568 USA. [Bever, G. S.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Paleontol, New York, NY 10024 USA. RP Lyson, TR (reprint author), Denver Museum Nat & Sci, Dept Earth Sci, Denver, CO 80205 USA. EM tyler.lyson@gmail.com RI Lambertz, Markus/C-7328-2011; OI Lambertz, Markus/0000-0001-8348-9347; Rubidge, Bruce/0000-0003-2477-1873 FU NMNH Peter Buck postdoctoral fellowship; NSF grant [IOS 1055080]; Palaeontological Scientific Trust (PAST); National Research Foundation [UID 82584]; NRF; DST\NRF Centre of Excellence in Palaeosciences and Palaeontological Scientific Trust (PAST); Swiss National Science foundation [31003A 149506] FX A.S. Abe, M. Baur, W. Bohme, E. Butler, M. Carrano, L. Chun, B. de Klerk, J. Dix, M. Franzen, F. Glaw, S. Gotte, J. Jacobs, J. Maguire and the Board of Control of the Fransie Pienaar Museum, J. Neveling, M.-O. Rodel, A. Schluter, R. Smith, G. Watkins-Colwell, I. Werneburg, R. Wilson, B. Zipfel and G. Zug donated/provided access to specimens. B. Lyons (Stroma Studios) made the three-dimensional reconstructions in Fig. 7. M. Fox (Yale Peabody Museum) prepared fossil material. M. Hofmann provided laboratory facilities to M.L. The vertebrate paleontology group at the PIMUZ and S.F. Perry provided various assistances and discussions. Funding was provided by a NMNH Peter Buck postdoctoral fellowship to T.R.L., a NSF grant to C. Farmer (IOS 1055080) to help support E.R.S., the Palaeontological Scientific Trust (PAST) and its Scatterlings of Africa programmes and the National Research Foundation funding to J.B.-B. (UID 82584), the NRF and DST\NRF Centre of Excellence in Palaeosciences and Palaeontological Scientific Trust (PAST) and its Scatterlings of Africa programmes to B.S.R., and a Swiss National Science foundation grant to T.M.S. (31003A 149506). NR 55 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 11 U2 46 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 5 AR 5211 DI 10.1038/ncomms6211 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AU5BW UT WOS:000345623100003 PM 25376734 ER PT J AU Zamora, S Rahman, IA AF Zamora, Samuel Rahman, Imran A. TI DECIPHERING THE EARLY EVOLUTION OF ECHINODERMS WITH CAMBRIAN FOSSILS SO PALAEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Deuterostomia; Echinodermata; morphology; phylogeny; rooting; homology ID STEM-GROUP ECHINODERMATA; EXTRAXIAL-AXIAL THEORY; EDRIOASTEROID ECHINODERMATA; PALEOZOIC ECHINODERMS; UPPER ORDOVICIAN; BODY PLAN; PHYLOGENY; SPAIN; STYLOPHORA; REVISION AB Echinoderms are a major group of invertebrate deuterostomes that have been an important component of marine ecosystems throughout the Phanerozoic. Their fossil record extends back to the Cambrian, when several disparate groups appear in different palaeocontinents at about the same time. Many of these early forms exhibit character combinations that differ radically from extant taxa, and thus their anatomy and phylogeny have long been controversial. Deciphering the earliest evolution of echinoderms therefore requires a detailed understanding of the morphology of Cambrian fossils, as well as the selection of an appropriate root and the identification of homologies for use in phylogenetic analysis. Based on the sister-group relationships and ontogeny of modern species and new fossil discoveries, we now know that the first echinoderms were bilaterally symmetrical, represented in the fossil record by Ctenoimbricata and some early ctenocystoids. The next branch in echinoderm phylogeny is represented by the asymmetrical cinctans and solutes, with an echinoderm-type ambulacral system originating in the more crownward of these groups (solutes). The first radial echinoderms are the helicoplacoids, which possess a triradial body plan with three ambulacra radiating from a lateral mouth. Helicocystoids represent the first pentaradial echinoderms and have the mouth facing upwards with five radiating recumbent ambulacra. Pentaradial echinoderms diversified rapidly from the beginning of their history, and the most significant differences between groups are recorded in the construction of the oral area and ambulacra, as well as the nature of their feeding appendages. Taken together, this provides a clear narrative of the early evolution of the echinoderm body plan. C1 [Zamora, Samuel] Inst Geol & Minero Espana, Zaragoza 50006, Spain. [Zamora, Samuel] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Rahman, Imran A.] Univ Bristol, Sch Earth Sci, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England. RP Zamora, S (reprint author), Inst Geol & Minero Espana, C Manuel Lasala 44,9 B, Zaragoza 50006, Spain. EM s.zamora@igme.es; imran.rahman@bristol.ac.uk RI Rahman, Imran/F-4224-2012 OI Rahman, Imran/0000-0001-6598-6534 FU Ramon y Cajal [RYC-2012-10576]; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [CGL2013-48877]; 1851 Royal Commission Research Fellowship FX We thank Andrew Smith for inviting us to write this review article for the Frontiers in Palaeontology series. We are very grateful for the technical support of Isabel Peerez (Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain), who helped prepare most of the figures. SZ was funded by a Ramon y Cajal Grant (RYC-2012-10576) and project CGL2013-48877 from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. IR was funded by an 1851 Royal Commission Research Fellowship. We appreciate the comments of Thomas Kammer and an anonymous reviewer, as well as the editorial work of Sally Thomas and Andrew Smith, which greatly improved this article. The ideas presented in this paper were developed over several years following discussions with many colleagues, including Andrew Smith, Bertrand Lefebvre, Colin Sumrall, Dick Jefferies, Bill Ausich, Sebastien Clausen, Patricio Dominguez, Tom Guensburg, Thomas Kammer, Ron Parsley, Jim Sprinkle and Johnny Waters. We are very grateful for their input, even though we did not always agree with their interpretations. NR 81 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0031-0239 EI 1475-4983 J9 PALAEONTOLOGY JI Paleontology PD NOV PY 2014 VL 57 IS 6 BP 1105 EP 1119 DI 10.1111/pala.12138 PG 15 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA AU4GK UT WOS:000345568000002 ER PT J AU Davis, R AF Davis, Robbie TI Public History in Small-Town America: Twenty Years of Museum on Main Street SO PUBLIC HISTORIAN LA English DT Article DE public history; small museums; exhibitions; humanities; rural; collaboration AB Small towns all across America embrace their local history through Museum on Main Street (MoMS), a special collaboration between the Smithsonian Institution, state humanities councils, and rural historical organizations. The Smithsonian and state humanities councils expose communities everywhere to important national themes and encourage small organizations to use local collections, special exhibitions, local inter, pretation, and challenging discussions to guide their visitors to a better understanding of their community's relationship to American history. The Museum on Main Street program serves as a model that can help public history practitioners across the country generate productive partnerships with small museums and cultural organizations. C1 [Davis, Robbie] Smithsonian Inst, Traveling Exhibit Serv, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Davis, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Traveling Exhibit Serv, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA SN 0272-3433 J9 PUBL HISTORIAN JI Public Hist. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 36 IS 4 BP 51 EP 70 PG 20 WC History SC History GA AU2YS UT WOS:000345481000005 ER PT J AU Velbel, MA AF Velbel, Michael A. TI Etch-pit size, dissolution rate, and time in the experimental dissolution of olivine: Implications for estimating olivine lifetime at the surface of Mars SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article DE Olivine; geochemical kinetics; dissolution; etch-pits; Mars ID TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; ROCK-FORMING MINERALS; MINI-TES EXPERIMENT; FORSTERITE DISSOLUTION; WEATHERING RATES; SPIRIT ROVER; GUSEV CRATER; SILICATE MINERALS; NATURAL GARNETS; KINETICS AB Various approaches have been used to estimate when and how long liquid water was present at the surface of Mars. The olivine dissolution-lifetime application suggested by Stopar et al. (2006) and Olsen and Rimstidt (2007) is here adapted and tested at the scale of individual etch-pits using published data from an experimental system in which the volume of mineral removed and the duration of the mineral-removal episode are known. Different assumptions about the specific geometry of etch-pits on olivine result in surface-area estimates that vary by less than a factor of two from the simple hemispherical pit used in the calculations. Given that other sources of uncertainty in mass-time relationships of silicate-mineral dissolution during natural weathering can be up to four orders of magnitude, the effects of differing geometric assumptions about the shapes and surface areas of the etch-pits are negligible. Using compiled experimentally determined forsterite dissolution rates and the imaged etch-pit sizes from experiments recovers the duration of the experiment that produced the imaged etch-pits to within less than a factor of two. This suggests that extensively etched olivine surfaces imply a dominance of the etch-pit walls over the bulk surface between the etch-pits during olivine corrosion. The approach adopted here recovers the timescales of experimental etch-pit production on olivine at STP and extreme undersaturation of the solution with respect to olivine in experiments where pH is known. Continued progress in understanding the fundamentals of olivine dissolution kinetics will narrow the ranges of uncertainty in mineral-lifetime estimates at Mars' surface in support of constraining the compositions and duration of potentially habitable aqueous solutions on Mars. C1 [Velbel, Michael A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Velbel, Michael A.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Div Meteorites, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Velbel, MA (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, 206 Nat Sci Bldg,288 Farm Lane, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM velbel@msu.edu FU NASA [NAG 9-1211]; NASA Mars Fundamental Research Program [NNG05GL77G]; Smithsonian Senior Fellowship FX The author thanks J. Barry Maynard for an inspiring remark encouraging perseverance in long-term scholarly enterprises; Roland Hellmann for thought-provoking conversations at the GES-6 meeting; Alan Pooley (Yale Peabody Museum) for assistance with the scanning electron microscopy; Andrew S. Madden and Jennifer T. McGuire for insightful contributions to earlier versions of this work; and Daniel R. Snyder, Aric M. Velbel, Karl Cronberger, and Anna Nowicki for helpful discussions and assistance with the olivine etch-pit shape model. This research was supported by NASA Grant NAG 9-1211 (M.A. Velbel, RI.), NASA Mars Fundamental Research Program Grant NNG05GL77G (M.A. Velbel, P.I.), and a Smithsonian Senior Fellowship. This paper was written during the author's tenure as a Smithsonian Senior Fellow at the Division of Meteorites, Department of Mineral Sciences, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. I am most grateful to Can Corrigan and Ed Vicenzi for hosting my visit. NR 86 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 0003-004X EI 1945-3027 J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 99 IS 11-12 BP 2227 EP 2233 DI 10.2138/am-2014-4654 PG 7 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA AT6OH UT WOS:000345058200010 ER PT J AU Bindi, L Yao, N Lin, C Hollister, LS MacPherson, GJ Poirier, GR Andronicos, CL Distler, VV Eddy, MP Kostin, A Kryachko, V Steinhardt, WM Yudovskaya, M AF Bindi, Luca Yao, Nan Lin, Chaney Hollister, Lincoln S. MacPherson, Glenn J. Poirier, Gerald R. Andronicos, Christopher L. Distler, Vadim V. Eddy, Michael P. Kostin, Alexander Kryachko, Valery Steinhardt, William M. Yudovskaya, Marina TI Steinhardtite, a new body-centered-cubic allotropic form of aluminum from the Khatyrka CV3 carbonaceous chondrite SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article DE Aluminum; chemical composition; TEM; X-ray diffraction; new mineral; steinhardtite ID QUASI-CRYSTALS; HIGH-PRESSURE; EARTHS CORE; IRON; AL; COMPRESSION; SYSTEM; STABILITY; EQUATION; ALLOY AB Steinhardtite is,a new mineral from the Khatyrka meteorite; it is a new allotropic form of aluminum. It occurs as rare crystals up to similar to 10 mu m across in meteoritic fragments that contain evidence of a heterogeneous distribution of pressures and temperatures during impact shock, in which some portions of the meteorite reached at least 5 GPa and 1200 degrees C. The meteorite fragments contain the high-pressure phases ahrensite, coesite, stishovite, and an unnamed spinelloid with composition Fe3-xSi3Ox (x approximate to 0.4). Other minerals include trevorite, Ni-Al-Mg-Fe spinels, magnetite, diopside, forsterite, clinoenstatite, nepheline, pentlandite, Cu-bearing troilite, icosahedrite, khatyrkite, cupalite, taenite, and Al-bearing taenite. Given the exceedingly small grain size of steinhardtite, it was not possible to determine most of the physical properties for the mineral. A mean of 9 electron microprobe analyses (obtained from two different fragments) gave the formula Al0.38Ni0.32Fe0.30, on, the basis of 1 atom. A combined TEM and single-crystal X-ray diffraction study revealed steinhardtite to be cubic, space group im (3) over barm, with a = 3.0214(8) angstrom, and V = 27.58(2) angstrom(3), Z = 2. In the crystal structure [R-1 = 0.0254], the three elements are disordered at the origin of the unit cell in a body-centered-cubic packing (alpha-Fe structure type). The five strongest powder-diffraction lines [d in angstrom (I/I-0) (hkl)] are: 2.1355 (100)(110); 1.5100 (15)(200); 1.2329 (25)(211); 0.9550 (10)(310); 0.8071 (30)(321). The new mineral has been approved by the IMA-NMNC Commission (2014-036) and named in honor of Paul J. Steinhardt, Professor at the Department of Physics of Princeton University, for his extraordinary and enthusiastic dedication to the study of the mineralogy of the Khatyrka meteorite, a unique CV3 carbonaceous chondrite containing the first natural quasicrystalline phase icosahedrite. The recovery of the polymorph of Al described here that contains essential amounts of Ni and Fe suggests that Al could be a contributing candidate for the anomalously low density of the Earth's presumed Fe-Ni core. C1 [Bindi, Luca] Univ Firenze, Dipartimento Sci Terra, I-50121 Florence, Italy. [Yao, Nan; Poirier, Gerald R.] Princeton Univ, Princeton Inst Sci & Technol Mat, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Lin, Chaney] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Hollister, Lincoln S.] Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [MacPherson, Glenn J.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Andronicos, Christopher L.] Purdue Univ, Div Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Distler, Vadim V.; Kryachko, Valery; Yudovskaya, Marina] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Geol Ore Deposits Petrog Mineral & Geochem I, Moscow 119017, Russia. [Eddy, Michael P.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kostin, Alexander] BHP Billiton, Houston, TX 77056 USA. [Steinhardt, William M.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Bindi, L (reprint author), Univ Firenze, Dipartimento Sci Terra, Via La Pira 4, I-50121 Florence, Italy. EM luca.bindi@unifi.it RI Yudovskaya, Marina/K-3980-2013 FU University of Firenze; C.N.R., Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse sezione di Firenze, Italy; National Science Foundation-MRSEC program through the Princeton Center for Complex Materials [DMR-0819860] FX The research was supported by "progetto di Ateneo 2012, University of Firenze" to L.B., and by C.N.R., Istituto di Geoscienze e Georisorse sezione di Firenze, Italy. This work was also supported in part by the National Science Foundation-MRSEC program through the Princeton Center for Complex Materials (DMR-0819860; N.Y.). The manuscript benefitted from the reviews of Anthony Kampf, Ian Swainson, and one anonymous reviewer. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 13 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 0003-004X EI 1945-3027 J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 99 IS 11-12 BP 2433 EP 2436 DI 10.2138/am-2014-5108 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA AT6OH UT WOS:000345058200032 ER PT J AU Schnitzer, SA van der Heijden, G Mascaro, J Carson, WP AF Schnitzer, Stefan A. van der Heijden, Geertje Mascaro, Joseph Carson, Walter P. TI Lianas in gaps reduce carbon accumulation in a tropical forest SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE annual increment; Barro Colorado Nature Monument; biomass; carbon storage; gap-phase regeneration; lianas; Panama; treefall gaps; tropical forests ID BELOW-GROUND COMPETITION; BARRO-COLORADO ISLAND; UNCERTAINTY PRINCIPLE; PHASE REGENERATION; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; TREE REGENERATION; CANOPY GAPS; PATTERNS; PANAMA; DISTURBANCE AB Treefall gaps are the "engines of regeneration'' in tropical forests and are loci of high tree recruitment, growth, and carbon accumulation. Gaps, however, are also sites of intense competition between lianas and trees, whereby lianas can dramatically reduce tree carbon uptake and accumulation. Because lianas have relatively low biomass, they may displace far more biomass than they contribute, a hypothesis that has never been tested with the appropriate experiments. We tested this hypothesis with an 8-yr liana removal experiment in central Panama. After 8 years, mean tree biomass accumulation was 180% greater in lianafree treefall gaps compared to control gaps. Lianas themselves contributed only 24% of the tree biomass accumulation they displaced. Scaling to the forest level revealed that lianas in gaps reduced net forest woody biomass accumulation by 8.9% to nearly 18%. Consequently, lianas reduce whole-forest carbon uptake despite their relatively low biomass. This is the first study to demonstrate experimentally that plant-plant competition can result in ecosystemwide losses in forest carbon, and it has critical implications for recently observed increases in liana density and biomass on tropical forest carbon dynamics. C1 [Schnitzer, Stefan A.; van der Heijden, Geertje; Mascaro, Joseph] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Freshwater Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Schnitzer, Stefan A.; van der Heijden, Geertje; Mascaro, Joseph] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Mascaro, Joseph] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Carson, Walter P.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Schnitzer, SA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Freshwater Sci, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. EM S1@uwm.edu OI Schnitzer, Stefan/0000-0002-2715-9455 FU NSF-DEB [0613666, 0845071, 1019436, 0212054]; Garden Club of Allegheny County; Research Growth Initiative award from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on the manuscript. Financial support was provided by NSF-DEB 0613666, NSF-DEB 0845071, and NSF-DEB 1019436 (to S. A. Schnitzer), NSF-DEB 0212054 (to W. P. Carson), the Garden Club of Allegheny County, and a Research Growth Initiative award from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. Logistical support was provided by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. NR 54 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 39 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD NOV PY 2014 VL 95 IS 11 BP 3008 EP 3017 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AU0PO UT WOS:000345326000002 ER PT J AU Laurance, WF Andrade, AS Magrach, A Camargo, JLC Campbell, M Fearnside, PM Edwards, W Valsko, JJ Lovejoy, TE Laurance, SG AF Laurance, William F. Andrade, Ana S. Magrach, Ainhoa Camargo, Jose L. C. Campbell, Mason Fearnside, Philip M. Edwards, Will Valsko, Jefferson J. Lovejoy, Thomas E. Laurance, Susan G. TI Apparent environmental synergism drives the dynamics of Amazonian forest fragments SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amazon; biomass; carbon storage; CO2 fertilization; environmental synergism; forest dynamics; global change; habitat fragmentation; lianas; tree mortality; tree recruitment; woody vines ID INCREASING LIANA ABUNDANCE; LONG-TERM PLOTS; TROPICAL FORESTS; TREE COMMUNITIES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; LANDSCAPE-SCALE; GLOBAL CHANGE; BIOMASS; MORTALITY AB Many contemporary ecosystems are likely to be affected by multiple environmental drivers, complicating efforts to predict future changes in those ecosystems. We studied long-term changes (1980-2012) in forest dynamics and liana (woody vine) abundance and biomass in fragmented and intact forests of the central Amazon. We did so by contrasting trends in 33 permanent 1-ha plots near forest edges (plot center <100 m from the nearest edge) with those in 36 1-ha plots in intact-forest interiors (150-3300 m from nearest edge). In fragmented and edge-affected forests, rates of tree (>= 10 cm diameter at breast height) mortality and recruitment were often sharply elevated, especially in the first 10-15 years after fragmentation. Lianas (>2 cm stem diameter) also increased markedly in abundance (mean 6 SD = 1.78 +/- 1.23% per yr) and biomass (1.30 +/- 1.39% per yr) over time, especially in plots with high edge-related tree mortality. However, plots in undisturbed forest interiors, which were originally established as experimental controls, also experienced long-term changes. In these plots, tree mortality and recruitment rose significantly over time, as did liana abundance (1.00 +/- 0.88% per yr) and biomass (0.32 +/- 1.37% per yr). These changes were smaller in magnitude than those in fragments but were nonetheless concerted in nature and highly statistically significant. The causes of these changes in forest interiors are unknown, but are broadly consistent with those expected from rising atmospheric CO2 or regional climate drivers that influence forest dynamics. Hence, the dynamics of Amazonian forest fragments cannot be understood simply as a consequence of forest fragmentation. Rather, the changes we observed appear to arise from an interaction of fragmentation with one or more global-or regional-scale drivers affecting forest dynamics. Both sets of phenomena are evidently increasing forest dynamics and liana abundances in fragmented forests, changes that could reduce carbon storage and alter many aspects of forest ecology. C1 [Laurance, William F.; Magrach, Ainhoa; Campbell, Mason; Edwards, Will; Laurance, Susan G.] James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Environm & Sustainabil Sci, Cairns, Qld 4878, Australia. [Laurance, William F.; Magrach, Ainhoa; Campbell, Mason; Edwards, Will; Laurance, Susan G.] James Cook Univ, Coll Marine & Environm Sci, Cairns, Qld 4878, Australia. [Andrade, Ana S.; Camargo, Jose L. C.; Valsko, Jefferson J.; Lovejoy, Thomas E.] Natl Inst Amazonian Res INPA, Biol Dynam Forest Fragments Project, BR-69067375 Manaus, AM, Brazil. [Andrade, Ana S.; Camargo, Jose L. C.; Valsko, Jefferson J.; Lovejoy, Thomas E.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, BR-69067375 Manaus, AM, Brazil. [Fearnside, Philip M.] Natl Inst Amazonian Res INPA, Dept Environm Dynam, BR-69067375 Manaus, AM, Brazil. [Lovejoy, Thomas E.] George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Laurance, WF (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Environm & Sustainabil Sci, Cairns, Qld 4878, Australia. EM bill.laurance@jcu.edu.au RI Camargo, Jose Luis/C-3137-2015; Research ID, CTBCC /O-3564-2014; Laurance, Susan/G-6021-2011; James Cook University, TESS/B-8171-2012; OI Laurance, Susan/0000-0002-2831-2933; Edwards, Will/0000-0001-8981-7479 FU Conservation, Food and Health Foundation; Australian Research Council; U.S. National Science Foundation; NASA Long-term Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in the Amazon; A. W. Mellon Foundation; MacArthur Foundation; World Wildlife Fund-US; National Institute for Amazonian Research; Smithsonian Institution FX We thank Oliver Phillips, Tom Bregman, and an anonymous referee for commenting on the manuscript. Support was provided by the Conservation, Food and Health Foundation, Australian Research Council, U.S. National Science Foundation, NASA Long-term Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in the Amazon, A. W. Mellon Foundation, MacArthur Foundation, World Wildlife Fund-US, National Institute for Amazonian Research, and Smithsonian Institution. This is publication number 644 in the BDFFP technical series. NR 74 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 47 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD NOV PY 2014 VL 95 IS 11 BP 3018 EP 3026 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AU0PO UT WOS:000345326000003 ER PT J AU Lasky, JR Uriarte, M Boukili, VK Erickson, DL Kress, WJ Chazdon, RL AF Lasky, Jesse R. Uriarte, Maria Boukili, Vanessa K. Erickson, David L. Kress, W. John Chazdon, Robin L. TI The relationship between tree biodiversity and biomass dynamics changes with tropical forest succession (vol 17, pg 1158, 2014) SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Correction C1 [Lasky, Jesse R.] Columbia Univ, Earth Inst, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Lasky, Jesse R.; Uriarte, Maria] Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, New York, NY USA. [Boukili, Vanessa K.; Chazdon, Robin L.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT USA. [Erickson, David L.; Kress, W. John] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Lasky, JR (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Earth Inst, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM jl3985@columbia.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X EI 1461-0248 J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 17 IS 11 BP 1478 EP 1478 DI 10.1111/ele.12370 PG 1 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AT8YX UT WOS:000345215900014 ER PT J AU Graham, HV Patzkowsky, ME Wing, SL Parker, GG Fogel, ML Freeman, KH AF Graham, Heather V. Patzkowsky, Mark E. Wing, Scott L. Parker, Geoffrey G. Fogel, Marilyn L. Freeman, Katherine H. TI Isotopic characteristics of canopies in simulated leaf assemblages SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON; DECIDUOUS FOREST; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; C-13/C-12 RATIOS; VERTICAL PROFILE; STABLE-ISOTOPES; AMAZON BASIN; 50-HA PLOTS; SEED SIZE AB The geologic history of closed-canopy forests is of great interest to paleoecologists and paleoclimatologists alike. Closed canopies have pronounced effects on local, continental and global rainfall and temperature patterns. Although evidence for canopy closure is difficult to reconstruct from the fossil record, the characteristic isotope gradients of the "canopy effect" could be preserved in leaves and proxy biomarkers. To assess this, we employed new carbon isotopic data for leaves collected in diverse light environments within a deciduous, temperate forest (Maryland, USA) and for leaves from a perennially closed canopy, moist tropical forest (Bosque Protector San Lorenzo, Panama). In the tropical forest, leaf carbon isotope values range 10 parts per thousand, with higher delta C-13(leaf) values occurring both in upper reaches of the canopy, and with higher light exposure and lower humidity. Leaf fractionation (Delta(leaf)) varied negatively with height and light and positively with humidity. Vertical C-13 enrichment in leaves largely reflects changes in Delta(leaf), and does not trend with delta C-13 of CO2 within the canopy. At the site in Maryland, leaves express a more modest delta C-13 range (similar to 6 parts per thousand), with a clear trend that follows both light and leaf height. Using a model we simulate leaf assemblage isotope patterns from canopy data binned by elevation. The re-sampling (bootstrap) model determined both the mean and range of carbon isotope values for simulated leaf assemblages ranging in size from 10 to over 1000 leaves. For the tropical forest data, the canopy's isotope range is captured with 50 or more randomly sampled leaves. Thus, with a sufficient number of fossil leaves it is possible to distinguish isotopic gradients in an ancient closed canopy forest from those in an open forest. For very large leaf assemblages, mean isotopic values approximate the delta C-13 of carbon contributed by leaves to soil and are similar to observed delta C-13(litter) values at forested sites within Panama, including the site where leaves were sampled. The model predicts a persistent similar to 1 parts per thousand difference in delta C-13(litter) for the two sites which is consistent with higher water availability in the tropical forests. This work provides a new framework for linking contemporary ecological observations to the geochemical record using flux-weighted isotope data and lends insights to the effect of forest architecture on organic and isotopic records of ancient terrestrial ecosystems. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Graham, Heather V.; Patzkowsky, Mark E.; Freeman, Katherine H.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Wing, Scott L.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, NHB121, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Parker, Geoffrey G.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Forest Ecol Lab, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Fogel, Marilyn L.] Univ Calif Merced, Dept Life & Environm Sci, Merced, CA 95343 USA. RP Graham, HV (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Planetary Environm Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM heather.v.graham@nasa.gov RI Freeman, Katherine/H-5140-2011; OI Freeman, Katherine/0000-0002-3350-7671; Wing, Scott/0000-0002-2954-8905; Parker, Geoffrey/0000-0001-7055-6491 NR 111 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 144 BP 82 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2014.08.032 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA AT4XM UT WOS:000344945600006 ER PT J AU Negri, M Lemaitre, R Mantelatto, FL AF Negri, Mariana Lemaitre, Rafael Mantelatto, Fernando L. TI MOLECULAR AND MORPHOLOGICAL RESURRECTION OF CLIBANARIUS SYMMETRICUS (RANDALL, 1840), A CRYPTIC SPECIES HIDING UNDER THE NAME FOR THE "THINSTRIPE" HERMIT CRAB C. VITTATUS (BOSC, 1802) (DECAPODA: ANOMURA: DIOGENIDAE) SO JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Barcoding COI; Clibanarius; mitochondrial genes; taxonomy; western Atlantic ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; GULF-OF-MEXICO; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; KING CRAB; CRUSTACEA; BRACHYURA; ATLANTIC; ECOLOGY; GALATHEIDAE; POPULATIONS AB Analysis of the barcode region of the COI gene has unmasked a cryptic hermit crab species confounded under the name Clibanarius vittatus (Bosc, 1802), long applied to a common littoral, striped-colored species presumed to range broadly in the western Atlantic from the southeastern United States and Gulf of Mexico to Brazil. Molecular and morphological (color) data from recently collected specimens distinctly show that Bosc' name should be restricted to populations in the southeastern coast of the United States and Gulf of Mexico, although the extent of its southern distribution remains uncertain. The two species have a genetic divergence ranging from 5.18 to 7.29% for the molecular marker analyzed. Based on a comparative study of syntypes of three taxa previously considered synonyms of C. vittatus, and examination of museum specimens, together with recent field observations, we conclude that the confounded species should be assigned the name C. symmetricus (Randall, 1840). A lectotype is selected for this resurrected name, with Suriname as type locality. The distribution of C. symmetricus has been found to include with certainty the western and southern Caribbean, and coast of Venezuela to Brazil, although it is possible that it may occur more broadly in the Caribbean, the Antilles, or southern Gulf of Mexico. Morphologically, the two species differ only in color pattern of the lateral surface of carpi of the second and third pereiopods. A redescription of C. symmetricus is presented, including illustrations, photographs, and discussion of taxonomy, coloration, and distribution. A phylogram is included showing relationships with selected species of Clibanarius. C1 [Negri, Mariana; Mantelatto, Fernando L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Philosophy Sci & Letters Ribeirao Preto FFCLR, Dept Biol, Postgrad Program Comparat Biol,Lab Bioecol & Crus, BR-14040901 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. [Lemaitre, Rafael] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. RP Mantelatto, FL (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Philosophy Sci & Letters Ribeirao Preto FFCLR, Dept Biol, Postgrad Program Comparat Biol,Lab Bioecol & Crus, Av Bandeirantes 3900, BR-14040901 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. EM flmantel@usp.br RI Mantelatto, Fernando/H-2695-2012 OI Mantelatto, Fernando/0000-0002-8497-187X FU Pro-Reitoria de Pesquisa da Universidade de Sao Paulo [Proc. 2009.1.1233.59.5]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico-CNPq [Proc. 123990/2010-6, 160133/2011-4, Proc. 301359/2007-5, 473050/2007-2, 302748/2010-5]; FAPESP [Proc. 2012/06300-3]; Department of Biology and Postgraduate Program in Comparative Biology of the FFCLRP/USP; [Tematico Biota 2010/50188-8]; [Colecoes Cientificas 2009/54931-0] FX This paper is part of a multidisciplinary research project Tematico BIOTA-FAPESP (Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo), which aims to produce a fine-scale assessment of the marine decapod biodiversity of the State of Sao Paulo. The study was partly supported by scientific fellowships from the Pro-Reitoria de Pesquisa da Universidade de Sao Paulo (Proc. 2009.1.1233.59.5) and from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico-CNPq (Proc. 123990/2010-6, 160133/2011-4) to MN. Additional support for this project was provided by the ongoing PhD fellowship awarded by FAPESP to MN (Proc. 2012/06300-3) and research grants (Tematico Biota 2010/50188-8; Colecoes Cientificas 2009/54931-0) CNPq (Proc. 301359/2007-5; 473050/2007-2; 302748/2010-5) to FLM. We are extremely grateful to the Department of Biology and Postgraduate Program in Comparative Biology of the FFCLRP/USP for partial financial support, and to many colleagues and friends (A. Almeida, A. Costa, B. O'Neill, C. Magalhaes, D. Castiglioni, D. L. Felder, D. Peiro, C. Schubart, E. Mossolin, E. Barba, F. Abrunhosa, F. Alvarez, J. Marcos de Goes, J. Cuesta, J. L. Vilallobos, L. Pileggi, L. Goes, M. Tavares, M. H. Goldman, M. Terossi, R. Robles and R. Turner), for their help in collections, making available some essential fresh specimens, lending material from collections used in our research, critical discussion during the preparation of this manuscript, and help in sequencing. Special thanks to D. L. Felder for sharing with us his extensive photographic color files and allowing use of specimen vouchers in ULLZ; A. Asakura for critical revisions and advice; P. Callomon and R. Bauer for making possible the examination by us of C. symmetricus syntypes; M. Terossi for the photographs of the types of C. cayennensis and C. speciosus, and all members of LBSC for their assistance during the development of this study. The collections of species conducted in this study complied with current applicable state and federal laws of Brazil (DIFAP/IBAMA/126/05; permanent license to FLM. for collection of Zoological Material No. 11777-1 MMA/IBAMA/SISBIO). NR 125 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 15 PU CRUSTACEAN SOC PI SAN ANTONIO PA 840 EAST MULBERRY, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78212 USA SN 0278-0372 EI 1937-240X J9 J CRUSTACEAN BIOL JI J. Crustac. Biol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 34 IS 6 BP 848 EP 861 DI 10.1163/1937240X-00002277 PG 14 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AT8PX UT WOS:000345195800015 ER PT J AU Ubelaker, DH AF Ubelaker, Douglas H. TI Radiocarbon Analysis of Human Remains: A Review of Forensic Applications SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; radiocarbon; skeletons; date of death; bomb curve; human tissues ID GLOBAL CARBON-CYCLE; BOMB C-14 DATA; HUMAN EYE LENS; AGE CALIBRATION; ARTIFICIAL RADIOCARBON; BONE-COLLAGEN; TURNOVER; TIME; SKELETAL; DEATH AB Radiocarbon analysis of organic materials, with the comparison of values with those of the post-1950 modern bomb curve, has proven useful in forensic science to help evaluate the antiquity of evidence. Applications are particularly helpful in the study of human remains, especially with those displaying advanced decomposition of soft tissues. Radiocarbon analysis can reveal if the remains relate to the modern, post-1950 era and if so, also provide information needed to evaluate the death and birth date. Sample selection and interpretation of results must be guided by knowledge of the formation and remodeling of different human tissues, as well as contextual information and the approximate age at death of the individual represented. Dental enamel does not remodel and thus captures dietary radiocarbon values at the time of juvenile formation. Most other human tissues do remodel but at differing rates and therefore collectively offer key information relative to the estimation of the death date. C1 Smithsonian Inst, NMNH, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Ubelaker, DH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, NMNH, Dept Anthropol, MRC 112, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM ubelaked@si.edu NR 98 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1198 EI 1556-4029 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 59 IS 6 BP 1466 EP 1472 DI 10.1111/1556-4029.12535 PG 7 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA AT4NI UT WOS:000344915600002 PM 25041129 ER PT J AU Higgins, MA Asner, GP Martin, RE Knapp, DE Anderson, C Kennedy-Bowdoin, T Saenz, R Aguilar, A Wright, SJ AF Higgins, Mark A. Asner, Gregory P. Martin, Roberta E. Knapp, David E. Anderson, Christopher Kennedy-Bowdoin, Ty Saenz, Roni Aguilar, Antonio Wright, S. Joseph TI Linking imaging spectroscopy and LiDAR with floristic composition and forest structure in Panama SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Imaging spectroscopy; LiDAR; Plant species composition; Forest structure; Panama; Tropical forest; Geology ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; SATELLITE IMAGERY; FOOTPRINT LIDAR; SOIL NUTRIENTS; CARBON STOCKS; TREE; ECOSYSTEM; DIVERSITY; AMAZONIA AB Landsat and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) imagery have recently been used to identify broad-scale floristic units in Neotropical rain forests, corresponding to geological formations and their edaphic properties. Little is known about the structural and functional variation between these floristic units, however, and Landsat and SRTM data lack the spectral and spatial resolution needed to provide this information. Imaging spectroscopy and LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) have been used to measure canopy structure and function in a variety of ecosystems, but the ability of these technologies to measure differences between compositionally-distinct but otherwise uniform tropical forest types remains unknown. We combined 16 tree inventories from central Panama with imaging spectroscopy and LiDAR elevation data from the Carnegie Airborne Observatory to test our ability to identify patterns in plant species composition, and to measure the spectral and structural differences between adjacent closed-canopy tropical forest types. We found that variations in spectroscopic imagery and LiDAR data were strong predictors of spatial turnover in plant species composition. We also found that these compositional, chemical, and structural patterns corresponded to underlying geological formations and their geomorphological properties. We conclude that imaging spectroscopy and LiDAR data can be used to interpret patterns identified in lower resolution sensors, to provide new information on forest function and structure, and to identify underlying determinants of these patterns. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Higgins, Mark A.; Asner, Gregory P.; Martin, Roberta E.; Knapp, David E.; Anderson, Christopher; Kennedy-Bowdoin, Ty] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Saenz, Roni; Aguilar, Antonio; Wright, S. Joseph] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Higgins, MA (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, 260 Panama St, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM higginsm@stanford.edu RI Asner, Gregory/G-9268-2013; Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013 OI Asner, Gregory/0000-0001-7893-6421; Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676 FU Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Environment; endowment of the Carnegie Institution for Science FX Data collection and analysis were supported by the Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Environment and the endowment of the Carnegie Institution for Science. The Carnegie Airborne Observatory is made possible by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; the Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Environment; the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; the Avatar Alliance Foundation; the W. M. Keck Foundation; the Margaret A Cargill Foundation; Mary Anne Nyburg Baker and G. Leonard Baker Jr.; and William R. Hearst III. NR 49 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 154 SI SI BP 358 EP 367 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2013.09.032 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AT8SI UT WOS:000345201900030 ER PT J AU Godfrey, SS Ansari, TH Gardner, MG Farine, DR Bull, CM AF Godfrey, Stephanie S. Ansari, Talat Hojat Gardner, Michael G. Farine, Damien R. Bull, C. Michael TI A contact-based social network of lizards is defined by low genetic relatedness among strongly connected individuals SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article DE lizard; male-male interactions; pair bond; relatedness; Scincidae; social network; space use ID AUSTRALIAN SLEEPY LIZARD; TILIQUA-RUGOSA; EGERNIA-STOKESII; INBREEDING AVOIDANCE; KIN SELECTION; POPULATION; BEHAVIOR; DISCRIMINATION; AGGREGATIONS; ASSOCIATIONS AB Social organization is widespread; even largely solitary species must organize themselves to enable contacts with mates and reduce competition with conspecifics. Although the forms of social structure can be subtle in solitary species, understanding the factors that influence them may be important for understanding how different forms of social organization evolved. We investigated the influence of genetic relatedness and spatial structure on social associations in a solitary living Australian scincid lizard, Tiliqua rugosa. We derived the genetic relatedness of 46 lizards from analysis of genotypes at 15 microsatellite DNA loci, and described social networks from GPS locations of all the lizards every 10 min for 81 days during their main activity period of the year. We found that connected male dyads were significantly more related than expected by chance, whereas connected male-female and female-female dyads had lower relatedness than expected. Among neighbouring male-male and male-female dyads, the strongest social relationships were between lizards that were the least related. Explanations of this pattern may include the avoidance of inbreeding in male-female dyads, or the direction of aggressive behaviour towards less related individuals in male-male dyads. Observed social associations (inferred through synchronous spatial proximity) were generally lower than expected from null models derived from home range overlap, and many close neighbours did not make social contact. This supports our hypothesis for the presence of deliberate avoidance between some neighbouring individuals. We suggest that lizards can discriminate between different levels of relatedness in their neighbours, directing their social interactions towards those that are less related. This highlights differences in how social associations are formed between species that are solitary (where associations form between unrelated conspecifics) and species that maintain stable social groups structured by kinship. (C) 2014 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Godfrey, Stephanie S.; Ansari, Talat Hojat; Gardner, Michael G.; Bull, C. Michael] Flinders Univ S Australia, Sch Biol Sci, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. [Godfrey, Stephanie S.] Murdoch Univ, Sch Vet & Life Sci, Perth, WA, Australia. [Gardner, Michael G.] S Australian Museum, Evolutionary Biol Unit, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. [Farine, Damien R.] Univ Oxford, Edward Grey Inst Field Ornithol, Dept Zool, Oxford, England. [Farine, Damien R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Farine, Damien R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anthropol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Godfrey, SS (reprint author), Murdoch Univ, Sch Vet & Life Sci, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. EM s.godfrey@murdoch.edu.au RI Godfrey, Stephanie/F-5227-2012 OI Godfrey, Stephanie/0000-0003-1014-4684 FU Australian Research Council; Holsworth Wildlife Research Endowment; BBSRC [BB/L006081/1]; NSF [NSF-IOS1250895] FX Our sleepy lizard research was funded by the Australian Research Council and the Holsworth Wildlife Research Endowment. D. R. F. was funded by grants from BBSRC (BB/L006081/1) to Ben C. Sheldon and the NSF (NSF-IOS1250895) to Margaret C. Crofoot. We thank Ron and Leona Clark, and Chris Mosey for allowing us access to their land, and the use of the homestead at Bundey Bore Station. We thank Jana Bradley, Dale Burzacott, Emilie Chavel and Caroline Wohlfeil for assistance with field work and Alecia Carter for constructive comments on the manuscript. S.S.G. conducted the field data collection, data processing and analysis and wrote the manuscript. M. T. A. and M. G. G. conducted the molecular analyses and derived the relatedness estimates. D. R. F. suggested new permutation methods for our analyses, developed script to load our data into asnipe and adjusted script to rerun our analyses using data-stream permutation methods. C. M. B. contributed to the design of the project, acquired the funding to run it and provided advice on the execution of the project, data analyses and the structure of the manuscript. All authors contributed towards writing and editing the final manuscript. NR 64 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 8 U2 68 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0003-3472 EI 1095-8282 J9 ANIM BEHAV JI Anim. Behav. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 97 BP 35 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2014.08.019 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA AT0KQ UT WOS:000344625500006 ER PT J AU Tetzlaff, N Torres, G Bieryla, A Neuhauser, R AF Tetzlaff, N. Torres, G. Bieryla, A. Neuhaeuser, R. TI New radial velocities for 30 candidate runaway stars and a possible binary supernova origin for HIP 9470 and PSR J0152-1637 SO ASTRONOMISCHE NACHRICHTEN LA English DT Article DE binaries: spectroscopic; pulsars: individual (PSR J0152-1637); stars: individual (HIP 9470); stars: kinematics ID M-CIRCLE-DOT; OPEN CLUSTERS; HIPPARCOS STARS; STELLAR MODELS; NEUTRON-STARS; CATALOG; ISOCHRONES; DISTANCES; EVOLUTION; DATABASE AB We report new radial velocity measurements for 30 candidate runaway stars. We revise their age estimates and compute their past trajectories in the Galaxy in order to determine their birthplaces. We find that seven of the stars could be younger than similar to 100 Myr, and for five of them we identify multiple young clusters and associations in which they may have formed. For the youngest star in the sample, HIP 9470, we suggest a possible ejection scenario in a supernova event, and also that it may be associated with the young pulsar PSR J0152-1637. Our spectroscopic observations reveal seven of the stars in the sample of 30 to be previously unknown spectroscopic binaries. Orbital solutions for four of them are reported here as well. (C) 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim C1 [Tetzlaff, N.; Neuhaeuser, R.] Inst Astrophys, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Tetzlaff, N.; Neuhaeuser, R.] Univ Sternwarte Jena, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Torres, G.; Bieryla, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Tetzlaff, N (reprint author), Inst Astrophys, Schillergasschen 2-3, D-07745 Jena, Germany. EM nina@astro.uni-jena.de FU DFG [SFB/TR-7] FX NT and RN acknowledge partial support from DFG in the SFB/TR-7 "Gravitational Wave Astronomy". This work has made use of BaSTI web tools (http://albione.oa-teramo.inaf.it/), the database by Lejeune and Schaerer (http://webast.ast.obs-mip.fr/equipe/stellar/, Lejeune & Schaerer 2001) and the Padova database of stellar evolutionary tracks and isochrones (http://pleiadi.pd.astro.it/). NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0004-6337 EI 1521-3994 J9 ASTRON NACHR JI Astro. Nachr. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 335 IS 9 BP 981 EP 991 DI 10.1002/asna.201412125 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AT0PH UT WOS:000344637200006 ER PT J AU Blois, JL Gotelli, NJ Behrensmeyer, AK Faith, JT Lyons, SK Williams, JW Amatangelo, KL Bercovici, A Du, A Eronen, JT Graves, GR Jud, N Labandeira, C Looy, CV McGill, B Patterson, D Potts, R Riddle, B Terry, R Toth, A Villasenor, A Wing, S AF Blois, Jessica L. Gotelli, Nicholas J. Behrensmeyer, Anna K. Faith, J. Tyler Lyons, S. Kathleen Williams, John W. Amatangelo, Kathryn L. Bercovici, Antoine Du, Andrew Eronen, Jussi T. Graves, Gary R. Jud, Nathan Labandeira, Conrad Looy, Cindy V. McGill, Brian Patterson, David Potts, Richard Riddle, Brett Terry, Rebecca Toth, Aniko Villasenor, Amelia Wing, Scott TI A framework for evaluating the influence of climate, dispersal limitation, and biotic interactions using fossil pollen associations across the late Quaternary SO ECOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID NULL MODEL ANALYSIS; SPECIES COOCCURRENCE; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; LAST DEGLACIATION; NORTH-AMERICA; PATTERNS; COMMUNITIES; DISTRIBUTIONS; OSCILLATIONS; BIODIVERSITY AB Environmental conditions, dispersal lags, and interactions among species are major factors structuring communities through time and across space. Ecologists have emphasized the importance of biotic interactions in determining local patterns of species association. In contrast, abiotic limits, dispersal limitation, and historical factors have commonly been invoked to explain community structure patterns at larger spatiotemporal scales, such as the appearance of late Pleistocene no-analog communities or latitudinal gradients of species richness in both modern and fossil assemblages. Quantifying the relative influence of these processes on species co-occurrence patterns is not straightforward. We provide a framework for assessing causes of species associations by combining a null-model analysis of co-occurrence with additional analyses of climatic differences and spatial pattern for pairs of pollen taxa that are significantly associated across geographic space. We tested this framework with data on associations among 106 fossil pollen taxa and paleoclimate simulations from eastern North America across the late Quaternary. The number and proportion of significantly associated taxon pairs increased over time, but only 449 of 56 194 taxon pairs were significantly different from random. Within this significant subset of pollen taxa, biotic interactions were rarely the exclusive cause of associations. Instead, climatic or spatial differences among sites were most frequently associated with significant patterns of taxon association. Most taxon pairs that exhibited co-occurrence patterns indicative of biotic interactions at one time did not exhibit significant associations at other times. Evidence for environmental filtering and dispersal limitation was weakest for aggregated pairs between 16 and 11 kyr BP, suggesting enhanced importance of positive species interactions during this interval. The framework can thus be used to identify species associations that may reflect biotic interactions because these associations are not tied to environmental or spatial differences. Furthermore, temporally repeated analyses of spatial associations can reveal whether such associations persist through time. C1 [Blois, Jessica L.] Univ Calif, Sch Nat Sci, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Gotelli, Nicholas J.] Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Behrensmeyer, Anna K.; Lyons, S. Kathleen; Labandeira, Conrad; Toth, Aniko; Wing, Scott] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Faith, J. Tyler] Univ Queensland, Sch Social Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Williams, John W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Amatangelo, Kathryn L.] SUNY Coll Brockport, Brockport, NY 14420 USA. [Bercovici, Antoine] Lund Univ, Dept Geol, Lund, Sweden. [Du, Andrew; Patterson, David; Villasenor, Amelia] George Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Ctr Adv Study Hominid Paleobiol, Hominid Paleobiol Doctoral Program, Washington, DC USA. [Eronen, Jussi T.] Univ Helsinki, Dept Geosci & Geog, Helsinki, Finland. [Graves, Gary R.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Graves, Gary R.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Jud, Nathan] Univ Maryland, Biol Sci Grad Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Looy, Cindy V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McGill, Brian] Univ Maine, Sch Biol & Ecol, Orono, ME USA. [Potts, Richard] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Human Origins Program, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Riddle, Brett] Univ Nevada, Sch Life Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Terry, Rebecca] Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Behrensmeyer, Anna K.; Lyons, S. Kathleen; Labandeira, Conrad; Toth, Aniko; Wing, Scott] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, ETE Program, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Williams, John W.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climat Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Looy, Cindy V.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Paleontol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McGill, Brian] Univ Maine, Sustainabil Solut Initiat, Orono, ME USA. RP Blois, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif, Sch Nat Sci, 5200 North Lake Rd, Merced, CA 95343 USA. EM jblois@ucmerced.edu RI Eronen, Jussi/B-7978-2013; Faith, J. Tyler/E-7146-2015; Blois, Jessica/G-5893-2011; publist, CMEC/C-3010-2012; McGill, Brian/A-3476-2008; publicationpage, cmec/B-4405-2017; OI Eronen, Jussi/0000-0002-0390-8044; Blois, Jessica/0000-0003-4048-177X; McGill, Brian/0000-0002-0850-1913; Wing, Scott/0000-0002-2954-8905 FU Smithsonian Inst. ETE program [292]; National Science Foundation [DEB-1257625, DEB-1257033] FX Funding for this work was provided by the Smithsonian Inst. ETE program (publication #292) and the National Science Foundation (DEB-1257625 awarded to SKL, AKB, and NJG and DEB-1257033 to JLB). NR 64 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0906-7590 EI 1600-0587 J9 ECOGRAPHY JI Ecography PD NOV PY 2014 VL 37 IS 11 SI SI BP 1095 EP 1108 DI 10.1111/ecog.00779 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AT0SL UT WOS:000344645100010 ER PT J AU Ransome, E Rowley, SJ Thomas, S Tait, K Munn, CB AF Ransome, Emma Rowley, Sonia J. Thomas, Simon Tait, Karen Munn, Colin B. TI Disturbance to conserved bacterial communities in the cold-water gorgonian coral Eunicella verrucosa SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE coral microbiology; Eunicella verrucosa; coral disease; Endozoicomonas spp; DGGE; clone libraries ID MUCUS-ASSOCIATED BACTERIA; BLACK BAND DISEASE; GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; MASS-MORTALITY; SP NOV.; POCILLOPORA-DAMICORNIS; BENTHIC COMMUNITIES; PORITES-ASTREOIDES; DIVERSITY AB The bacterial communities associated with healthy and diseased colonies of the cold-water gorgonian coral Eunicella verrucosa at three sites off the south-west coast of England were compared using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and clone libraries. Significant differences in community structure between healthy and diseased samples were discovered, as were differences in the level of disturbance to these communities at each site; this correlated with depth and sediment load. The majority of cloned sequences from healthy coral tissue affiliated with the Gammaproteobacteria. The stability of the bacterial community and dominance of specific genera found across visibly healthy colonies suggest the presence of a specific microbial community. Affiliations included a high proportion of Endozoicomonas sequences, which were most similar to sequences found in tropical corals. This genus has been found in a number of invertebrates and is suggested to have a role in coral health and in the metabolisation of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) produced by zooxanthellae. However, screening of colonies for the presence of zooxanthellae produced a negative result. Diseased colonies showed a decrease in affiliated clones and an increase in clones related to potentially harmful/transient microorganisms but no increase in a particular pathogen. This study demonstrates that a better understanding of these bacterial communities, the factors that affect them and their role in coral health and disease will be of critical importance in predicting future threats to temperate gorgonian communities. C1 [Ransome, Emma; Thomas, Simon; Tait, Karen] Plymouth Marine Lab, Plymouth, Devon, England. [Ransome, Emma; Rowley, Sonia J.; Munn, Colin B.] Univ Plymouth, Sch Marine Sci & Engn, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England. [Ransome, Emma] Smithsonian Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC USA. [Rowley, Sonia J.] Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Honolulu, HI USA. [Rowley, Sonia J.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Ransome, E (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM RansomeE@si.edu FU Natural Environment Research Council [PML/PhD2008/03KT]; Society of General Microbiology; Leverhulme Trust FX Thank you to Jason Hall-Spencer for help in the collection of coral samples and G. Rowley, M. Rowley & P. Rowley of the Maureen of Dart for logistical field support. This work was funded by studentships from The Natural Environment Research Council (PML/PhD2008/03KT; ER), Society of General Microbiology (ST) and the Leverhulme Trust (SR). NR 70 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0168-6496 EI 1574-6941 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL JI FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 90 IS 2 BP 404 EP 416 DI 10.1111/1574-6941.12398 PG 13 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AS9ZC UT WOS:000344595800006 PM 25078065 ER PT J AU Meyer, WM Gary, DTA Yeung, NW Dirks, C Leung, K Leon, JA Ressler, DTB Curry, PA Hayes, KA AF Meyer, Wallace M. Gary, Deena T. A. Yeung, Norine W. Dirks, Clarissa Leung, Kelley Leon, Julian A. Ressler, Dylan T. B. Curry, Patrick A. Hayes, Kenneth A. TI Native arboreal land snails in the Mt Kaala Natural Area Reserve, Oahu, Hawaii, have similar plant preferences: implications for conservation SO JOURNAL OF MOLLUSCAN STUDIES LA English DT Article ID LIFE-HISTORY; SLUGS; FOOD; PALATABILITY; BIOGEOGRAPHY; MOLLUSKS C1 [Meyer, Wallace M.] Pomona Coll, Dept Biol, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. [Gary, Deena T. A.; Yeung, Norine W.; Leung, Kelley; Leon, Julian A.; Ressler, Dylan T. B.; Curry, Patrick A.] Univ Hawaii, Pacific Biosci Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Yeung, Norine W.; Hayes, Kenneth A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Dirks, Clarissa] Evergreen State Coll, Olympia, WA 98505 USA. [Hayes, Kenneth A.] Howard Univ, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20059 USA. RP Meyer, WM (reprint author), Pomona Coll, Dept Biol, 175 W 6th St, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. EM wallace_meyer@pomona.edu FU NSF [DEB 1120906, DEB 0949061] FX We thank the Division of Forestry and Wildlife and Natural Area Reserve System (Department of Land and Natural Resources) for permits and the Oahu Army Natural Resource Program for access to the study site. All authors were supported by NSF grant DEB 1120906 or NSF DEB 0949061. In addition, we thank Robert H. Cowie and two anonymous reviewers for insightful comments. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0260-1230 EI 1464-3766 J9 J MOLLUS STUD JI J. Molluscan Stud. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 80 BP 469 EP 472 DI 10.1093/mollus/eyu065 PN 4 PG 4 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA AT0JU UT WOS:000344623400016 ER PT J AU de Queiroz, K AF de Queiroz, Kevin TI Popperian Corroboration and Phylogenetics SO SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; EVOLUTIONARY TREES; PARSIMONY; INFERENCE; PROBABILITY; SYSTEMATICS; PHILOSOPHY; TESTS; MODEL; CLASSIFICATION C1 Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP de Queiroz, K (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM dequeirozk@si.edu NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1063-5157 EI 1076-836X J9 SYST BIOL JI Syst. Biol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 63 IS 6 BP 1018 EP 1022 DI 10.1093/sysbio/syu064 PG 5 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA AT1LS UT WOS:000344695900013 PM 25151624 ER PT J AU Dressing, CD Adams, ER Dupree, AK Kulesa, C McCarthy, D AF Dressing, Courtney D. Adams, Elisabeth R. Dupree, Andrea K. Kulesa, Craig McCarthy, Don TI ADAPTIVE OPTICS IMAGES. III. 87 KEPLER OBJECTS OF INTEREST SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: general; instrumentation: adaptive optics; planets and satellites: detection ID MULTIPLE-PLANET CANDIDATES; TRANSIT TIMING VARIATIONS; FALSE-POSITIVE RATE; CIRCLE-PLUS PLANET; SUN-LIKE STARS; HABITABLE-ZONE; STELLAR COMPANIONS; HOST STARS; EARTH; VALIDATION AB The Kepler mission has revolutionized our understanding of exoplanets, but some of the planet candidates identified by Kepler may actually be astrophysical false positives or planets whose transit depths are diluted by the presence of another star. Adaptive optics images made with ARIES at the MMT of 87 Kepler Objects of Interest place limits on the presence of fainter stars in or near the Kepler aperture. We detected visual companions within 1 '' for 5 stars, between 1 '' and 2 '' for 7 stars, and between 2 '' and 4 '' for 15 stars. For those systems, we estimate the brightness of companion stars in the Kepler bandpass and provide approximate corrections to the radii of associated planet candidates due to the extra light in the aperture. For all stars observed, we report detection limits on the presence of nearby stars. ARIES is typically sensitive to stars approximately 5.3 Ks magnitudes fainter than the target star within 1 '' and approximately 5.7 Ks magnitudes fainter within 2 '', but can detect stars as faint as Delta Ks = 7.5 under ideal conditions. C1 [Dressing, Courtney D.; Dupree, Andrea K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Adams, Elisabeth R.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Kulesa, Craig; McCarthy, Don] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Dressing, CD (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM cdressing@cfa.harvard.edu FU NASA [NNX10AK54A]; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship FX The authors gratefully acknowledge partial support from NASA grant NNX10AK54A. C.D. is supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. We thank David Ciardi for coordinating the Kepler Follow-up Observing Program. We are grateful to Adam Kraus and the anonymous referee for providing helpful suggestions to improve the paper. This research has made use of the Kepler Community Follow-Up Observing Program Web site (https://cfop.ipac.caltech.edu) and the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. NR 58 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 148 IS 5 AR 78 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/148/5/78 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AS2YB UT WOS:000344141200004 ER PT J AU Rebull, LM Cody, AM Covey, KR Gunther, HM Hillenbrand, LA Plavchan, P Poppenhaeger, K Stauffer, JR Wolk, SJ Gutermuth, R Morales-Calderon, M Song, I Barrado, D Bayo, A James, D Hora, JL Vrba, FJ de Oliveira, CA Bouvier, J Carey, SJ Carpenter, JM Favata, F Flaherty, K Forbrich, J Hernandez, J McCaughrean, MJ Megeath, ST Micela, G Smith, HA Terebey, S Turner, N Allen, L Ardila, D Bouy, H Guieu, S AF Rebull, L. M. Cody, A. M. Covey, K. R. Guenther, H. M. Hillenbrand, L. A. Plavchan, P. Poppenhaeger, K. Stauffer, J. R. Wolk, S. J. Gutermuth, R. Morales-Calderon, M. Song, I. Barrado, D. Bayo, A. James, D. Hora, J. L. Vrba, F. J. de Oliveira, C. Alves Bouvier, J. Carey, S. J. Carpenter, J. M. Favata, F. Flaherty, K. Forbrich, J. Hernandez, J. McCaughrean, M. J. Megeath, S. T. Micela, G. Smith, H. A. Terebey, S. Turner, N. Allen, L. Ardila, D. Bouy, H. Guieu, S. TI YOUNG STELLAR OBJECT VARIABILITY (YSOVAR): LONG TIMESCALE VARIATIONS IN THE MID-INFRARED SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; stars: pre-main sequence; stars: protostars; stars: variables: general ID ORION-NEBULA-CLUSTER; T-TAURI STARS; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; LOW-MASS STARS; ROTATION PERIOD DISTRIBUTION; NEAR-INFRARED VARIABILITY; OPHIUCHI MOLECULAR CLOUD; X-RAY OBSERVATIONS; NGC 2264 AB The YSOVAR (Young Stellar Object VARiability) Spitzer Space Telescope observing program obtained the first extensive mid-infrared (3.6 and 4.5 mu m) time series photometry of the Orion Nebula Cluster plus smaller footprints in 11 other star-forming cores (AFGL 490, NGC 1333, Mon R2, GGD 12-15, NGC 2264, L1688, Serpens Main, Serpens South, IRAS 20050+2720, IC 1396A, and Ceph C). There are similar to 29,000 unique objects with light curves in either or both IRAC channels in the YSOVAR data set. We present the data collection and reduction for the Spitzer and ancillary data, and define the "standard sample" on which we calculate statistics, consisting of fast cadence data, with epochs roughly twice per day for similar to 40 days. We also define a "standard sample of members" consisting of all the IR-selected members and X-ray-selected members. We characterize the standard sample in terms of other properties, such as spectral energy distribution shape. We use three mechanisms to identify variables in the fast cadence data-the Stetson index, a chi(2) fit to a flat light curve, and significant periodicity. We also identified variables on the longest timescales possible of six to seven years by comparing measurements taken early in the Spitzer mission with the mean from our YSOVAR campaign. The fraction of members in each cluster that are variable on these longest timescales is a function of the ratio of Class I/total members in each cluster, such that clusters with a higher fraction of Class I objects also have a higher fraction of long-term variables. For objects with a YSOVAR-determined period and a [3.6]-[8] color, we find that a star with a longer period is more likely than those with shorter periods to have an IR excess. We do not find any evidence for variability that causes [3.6]-[4.5] excesses to appear or vanish within our data set; out of members and field objects combined, at most 0.02% may have transient IR excesses. C1 [Rebull, L. M.; Cody, A. M.; Stauffer, J. R.; Morales-Calderon, M.; Carey, S. J.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Covey, K. R.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Guenther, H. M.; Poppenhaeger, K.; Wolk, S. J.; Hora, J. L.; Forbrich, J.; Smith, H. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hillenbrand, L. A.; Carpenter, J. M.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Plavchan, P.] CALTECH, NASA Exoplanet Sci Inst NExScI, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Plavchan, P.] Missouri State Univ, Springfield, MO 65897 USA. [Gutermuth, R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Morales-Calderon, M.; Barrado, D.; Bouy, H.] INTA CSIC, Ctr Astrobiol, Dept Astrofis, E-28691 Villanueva De La Canada, Spain. [Song, I.] Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bayo, A.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Bayo, A.] Univ Valparaiso, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis & Astron, Valparaiso, Chile. [James, D.] Cerro Tololo InterAmer Observ, La Serena, Chile. [Vrba, F. J.] US Naval Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86005 USA. [de Oliveira, C. Alves] European Space Agcy ESA ESAC, E-28691 Madrid, Spain. [Bouvier, J.; Guieu, S.] Univ Grenoble Alpes, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Bouvier, J.] CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Favata, F.; McCaughrean, M. J.] European Space Agcy, Estec, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Flaherty, K.] Wesleyan Univ, Dept Astron, Middletown, CT 06459 USA. [Forbrich, J.] Univ Vienna, Dept Astrophys, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Hernandez, J.] Ctr Invest Astron, Merida 5101A, Venezuela. [Megeath, S. T.] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Ritter Astrophys Observ, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Micela, G.] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Palermo, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Terebey, S.] Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. [Turner, N.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Allen, L.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ USA. [Ardila, D.] CALTECH, NASA Herschel Sci Ctr NHSC, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Rebull, LM (reprint author), CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, 1200 East Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM rebull@ipac.caltech.edu RI Bouy, Herve/H-2913-2012; Barrado Navascues, David/C-1439-2017; Morales-Calderon, Maria/C-8384-2017; OI Covey, Kevin/0000-0001-6914-7797; Bouy, Herve/0000-0002-7084-487X; Barrado Navascues, David/0000-0002-5971-9242; Morales-Calderon, Maria/0000-0001-9526-9499; Micela, Giuseppina/0000-0002-9900-4751; Poppenhaeger, Katja/0000-0003-1231-2194; Gunther, Hans Moritz/0000-0003-4243-2840; Rebull, Luisa/0000-0001-6381-515X NR 139 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 148 IS 5 AR 92 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/148/5/92 PG 46 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AS2YB UT WOS:000344141200018 ER PT J AU D'Abrusco, R Massaro, F Paggi, A Smith, HA Masetti, N Landoni, M Tosti, G AF D'Abrusco, R. Massaro, F. Paggi, A. Smith, H. A. Masetti, N. Landoni, M. Tosti, G. TI THE WISE BLAZAR-LIKE RADIO-LOUD SOURCES: AN ALL-SKY CATALOG OF CANDIDATE gamma-RAY BLAZARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE BL Lacertae objects: general; catalogs; galaxies: active; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; OPTICAL SPECTROSCOPIC OBSERVATIONS; BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; MIDINFRARED SELECTION; 1ST SURVEY; FIELD; SAMPLE; I.; IDENTIFICATION; POPULATION AB We present a catalog of radio-loud candidate gamma-ray emitting blazars with WISE mid-infrared colors similar to the colors of confirmed gamma-ray blazars. The catalog is assembled from WISE sources detected in all four WISE filters, with colors compatible with the three-dimensional locus of the WISE gamma-ray emitting blazars, and which can be spatially cross-matched with radio sources from one of the three radio surveys: NVSS, FIRST, and/or SUMSS. Our initial WISE selection uses a slightly modified version of previously successful algorithms. We then select only the radio-loud sources using a measure of the radio-to-IR flux, the q(22) parameter, which is analogous to the q(24) parameter known in the literature but which instead uses the WISE band-four flux at 22 mu m. Our final catalog contains 7855 sources classified as BL Lacs, FSRQs, or mixed candidate blazars; 1295 of these sources can be spatially re-associated as confirmed blazars. We describe the properties of the final catalog of WISE blazar-like radio-loud sources and consider possible contaminants. Finally, we discuss why this large catalog of candidate gamma-ray emitting blazars represents a new and useful resource to address the problem of finding low-energy counterparts to currently unidentified high-energy sources. C1 [D'Abrusco, R.; Paggi, A.; Smith, H. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Massaro, F.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Massaro, F.] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Masetti, N.] INAF IASF Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Landoni, M.] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Brera, I-23807 Merate, Italy. [Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. RP D'Abrusco, R (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RI D'Abrusco, Raffaele/L-2767-2016; Massaro, Francesco/L-9102-2016; Paggi, Alessandro/C-1219-2017 OI D'Abrusco, Raffaele/0000-0003-3073-0605; Massaro, Francesco/0000-0002-1704-9850; Paggi, Alessandro/0000-0002-5646-2410 FU NASA [NNX12AO97G, NNX13AP20G]; ASI/INAF [I/005/12/0]; NASA/JPL [RSA 1369566]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX The authors thank the anonymous referee for the insightful comments that have helped to significantly improve the manuscript. This investigation is supported by the NASA grants NNX12AO97G and NNX13AP20G. The work by G.T. is supported by the ASI/INAF contract I/005/12/0. H.A.S. acknowledges partial support from NASA/JPL grant RSA 1369566. This research has made use of data obtained from the high-energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center (HEASARC) provided by NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, the SIMBAD database operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France, and the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Part of this work is based on the NVSS (NRAO VLA Sky Survey): The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is operated by Associated Universities, Inc., under contract with the National Science Foundation and on the VLA low-frequency Sky Survey (VLSS). The Molonglo Observatory site manager, Duncan Campbell-Wilson, and the staff, Jeff Webb, Michael White, and John Barry, are responsible for the smooth operation of the Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST) and the day-to-day observing program of SUMSS. The WENSS project was a collaboration between the Netherlands Foundation for Research in Astronomy and Leiden Observatory. We acknowledge the WENSS team consisting of Ger de Bruyn, Yuan Tang, Roeland Rengelink, George Miley, Huub Rottgering, Malcolm Bremer, Martin Bremer, Wim Brouw, Ernst Raimond, and David Fullagar for extensive work aimed at producing the WENSS catalog. TOPCAT24 (Taylor 2005) was used for the preparation and manipulation of the tabular data and the images. NR 47 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 215 IS 1 AR 14 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/215/1/14 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AS2YH UT WOS:000344141800014 ER PT J AU Trabert, E Beiersdorfer, P Brickhouse, NS Golub, L AF Traebert, Elmar Beiersdorfer, Peter Brickhouse, Nancy S. Golub, Leon TI HIGH-RESOLUTION LABORATORY SPECTRA OF THE lambda 193 CHANNEL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC IMAGING ASSEMBLY INSTRUMENT ON BOARD SOLAR DYNAMICS OBSERVATORY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE atomic data; methods: laboratory: atomic; Sun: corona; Sun: UV radiation; techniques: spectroscopic ID EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET REGION; BEAM ION-TRAP; ATOMIC DATABASE; EMISSION-LINES; GRATING SPECTROMETER; FE-VII; X-RAY; ANGSTROM; CHIANTI; ASTROPHYSICS AB Extreme ultraviolet spectra of C, O, F, Ne, S, Ar, Fe, and Ni have been excited in an electron beam ion trap and studied with much higher resolution than available on the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) in order to ascertain the spectral composition of the SDO/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) observations. We present our findings in the wavelength range 182-200 angstrom, which, overall, corroborate the working models of how to interpret the SDO/AIA data. We find, however, that the inclusion of a number of additional lines might improve the data interpretation. C1 [Traebert, Elmar; Beiersdorfer, Peter] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Traebert, Elmar] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Astron Inst, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. [Brickhouse, Nancy S.; Golub, Leon] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Trabert, E (reprint author), Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Div Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. FU U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]; Solar and Heliospherical Physics Program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNH10AN31I]; German Research Association (DFG) [Tr171/18, Tr171/19] FX This work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344 and was supported by the Solar and Heliospherical Physics Program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under award NNH10AN31I. E.T. acknowledges support from the German Research Association (DFG; grants Tr171/18 and Tr171/19). NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 215 IS 1 AR 6 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/215/1/6 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AS2YH UT WOS:000344141800006 ER PT J AU Parachnowitsch, AL Cook-Patton, SC Mcart, SH AF Parachnowitsch, Amy L. Cook-Patton, Susan C. McArt, Scott H. TI Neighbours matter: natural selection on plant size depends on the identity and diversity of the surrounding community SO EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Biomass; Community driven selection; Genotypic selection; Natural selection; Oenothera biennis ID PRIMROSE OENOTHERA-BIENNIS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; GENOTYPIC DIVERSITY; FIELD EXPERIMENTS; FLORAL TRAITS; ARTHROPOD COMMUNITIES; EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY; IPOMOPSIS-AGGREGATA; COMPETITION AB Plant diversity can affect ecological processes such as competition and herbivory, and these ecological processes can act as drivers of evolutionary change. However, surprisingly little is known about how ecological variation in plant diversity can alter selective regimes on members of the community. Here, we examine how plant diversity at two different scales (genotypic and species diversity) impacts natural selection on a focal plant species, the common evening primrose (Oenothera biennis). Because competition is frequently relaxed in both genotypically and species rich plant communities, we hypothesized that increasing diversity would weaken selection on competitive ability. Changes in plant diversity can also affect associated arthropod communities. Therefore, we hypothesized that diversity would alter selection on plant traits mediating these interactions, such as herbivory related traits. We grew 24 focal O. biennis genotypes within four different neighbourhoods: genotypic monocultures or polycultures of O. biennis, and species monocultures or polycultures of old-field species that commonly co-occur with O. biennis. We then measured genotypic selection on nine plant traits known to be ecologically important for competition and herbivory. Focal O. biennis plants were smaller, flowered for shorter periods of time, had lower fitness, and experienced greater attack from specialist predispersal seed predators when grown with conspecifics versus heterospecifics. While neither conspecific nor heterospecific diversity altered trait means, both types of diversity altered the strength of selection on focal O. biennis plants. Specifically, selection on plant biomass was stronger in conspecific monocultures versus polycultures, but weaker in heterospecific monocultures versus polycultures. We found no evidence of selection on plant traits that mediate insect interactions, despite differences in arthropod communities on plants surrounded by conspecifics versus heterospecifics. Our data demonstrate that plant genotypic and species diversity can act as agents of natural selection, potentially driving evolutionary changes in plant communities. C1 [Parachnowitsch, Amy L.] Uppsala Univ, Evolutionary Biol Ctr, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. [Cook-Patton, Susan C.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [McArt, Scott H.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Parachnowitsch, AL (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Evolutionary Biol Ctr, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. EM amyparachnowitsch@gmail.com FU NSF IGERT grant in Biogeochemistry and Environmental Biocomplexity FX An NSF IGERT grant in Biogeochemistry and Environmental Biocomplexity supported this research, and C. Becker, S. Campbell, A. Erwin, M. Kersch- Becker, P. Llambias, G. Petchenka, M. Stastny, and numerous Cornell undergraduates provided field assistance. Thanks to M. Johnson, S. Karrenberg and N. Sletvold for feedback on analyses, and A. Agrawal and J. Thaler for support and encouragement on this multifaceted experiment. Three anonymous reviewers, as well as the plant-insect interaction groups at Uppsala and Cornell provided useful comments that greatly improved the manuscript. NR 67 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 10 U2 75 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0269-7653 EI 1573-8477 J9 EVOL ECOL JI Evol. Ecol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 28 IS 6 BP 1139 EP 1153 DI 10.1007/s10682-014-9727-6 PG 15 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AS1YC UT WOS:000344075200011 ER PT J AU Johnson, WE AF Johnson, Warren E. TI Camelid Genetics and Reproductive Biotechnologies SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY LA English DT Article C1 Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservation Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. RP Johnson, WE (reprint author), Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservation Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM JohnsonWE@si.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1503 EI 1465-7333 J9 J HERED JI J. Hered. PD NOV-DEC PY 2014 VL 105 IS 6 BP 837 EP 838 DI 10.1093/jhered/esu069 PG 2 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AS6UG UT WOS:000344397000011 PM 25326629 ER PT J AU Puebla, O Bermingham, E McMillan, WO AF Puebla, O. Bermingham, E. McMillan, W. O. TI Genomic atolls of differentiation in coral reef fishes (Hypoplectrus spp., Serranidae) SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE genomic architecture; Hox genes; marine; RAD sequencing; speciation ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; MARINE SPECIES FLOCK; HOX GENE CLUSTERS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; ADAPTIVE RADIATION; COLOR MORPHS; DE-NOVO; SPECIATION; LOCI; EVOLUTION AB Because the vast majority of species are well diverged, relatively little is known about the genomic architecture of speciation during the early stages of divergence. Species within recent evolutionary radiations are often minimally diverged from a genomic perspective, and therefore provide rare opportunities to address this question. Here, we leverage the hamlet radiation (Hypoplectrus spp., brightly coloured reef fishes from the tropical western Atlantic) to characterize genomic divergence during the early stages of speciation. Transect surveys and spawning observations in Belize, Honduras and Panama confirm that sympatric barred (H.puella), black (H.nigricans) and butter (H.unicolor) hamlets are phenotypically distinct and reproductively isolated, although hybrid spawnings and individuals with intermediate phenotypes are seen on rare occasions. A survey of approximately 100000 restriction site-associated SNPs in 126 samples from the three species across the three replicate populations reveals extremely slight genomewide divergence among species (F-ST=0.0038), indicating that ecomorphological differences and functional reproductive isolation are maintained in sympatry in a backdrop of extraordinary genomic similarity. Nonetheless, a very small proportion of SNPs (0.05% on average) are identified as F-ST outliers among sympatric species. Remarkably, a single SNP is identified as an outlier in repeated populations for the same species pair. A minicontig assembled de novo around this SNP falls into the genomic region containing the HoxCa10 and HoxCa11 genes in 10 teleost species, suggesting an important role for Hox gene evolution in this radiation. This finding, if confirmed, would provide a better understanding of the links between micro- and macroevolutionary processes. C1 [Puebla, O.] GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany. [Puebla, O.; McMillan, W. O.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Bermingham, E.] Patricia & Phillip Frost Museum Sci, Miami, FL USA. RP Puebla, O (reprint author), GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, Dusternbrooker Weg 20, D-24105 Kiel, Germany. EM oscar.puebla@mail.mcgill.ca FU Belizean authority; Honduran authority; Panamanian authority; Guna Yala authority; Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Studies FX We thank the Belizean, Honduran, Panamanian and Guna Yala authorities for support with collecting, export and import permits. This study was funded by a Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Studies grant to O. Puebla, E. Bermingham and W. O. McMillan. We are grateful to Carlos Arias, Paul Etter, Andy Jones, Claudia Rosales, Chris Smith and Megan Supple for their invaluable help and to Christophe Eizaguirre for comments on an early version of the manuscript. NR 59 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 8 U2 65 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD NOV PY 2014 VL 23 IS 21 BP 5291 EP 5303 DI 10.1111/mec.12926 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AS6LB UT WOS:000344374000013 PM 25231270 ER PT J AU Forasiepi, AM Soibelzon, LH Gomez, CS Sanchez, R Quiroz, LI Jaramillo, C Sanchez-Villagra, MR AF Forasiepi, Analia M. Soibelzon, Leopoldo H. Suarez Gomez, Catalina Sanchez, Rodolfo Quiroz, Luis I. Jaramillo, Carlos Sanchez-Villagra, Marcelo R. TI Carnivorans at the Great American Biotic Interchange: new discoveries from the northern neotropics SO NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN LA English DT Article DE Procyonidae; South America; Neotropics; Pliocene ID MIOCENE-EARLY PLIOCENE; SOUTH-AMERICA; FOSSIL RECORD; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; PROCYONIDAE MAMMALIA; MONTE HERMOSO; VENEZUELA; PLEISTOCENE; ARGENTINA; FELIDAE AB We report two fossil procyonids, Cyonasua sp. and Chapalmalania sp., from the late Pliocene of Venezuela (Vergel Member, San Gregorio Formation) and Colombia (Ware Formation), respectively. The occurrence of these pre-Holocene procyonids outside Argentina and in the north of South America provides further information about the Great American Biotic Interchange (GABI). The new specimens are recognized in the same monophyletic group as procyonids found in the southern part of the continent, the "Cyonasua group," formed by species of Cyonasua and Chapalmalania. The phylogenetic analysis that includes the two new findings support the view that procyonids dispersed from North America in two separate events (initially, previous to the first major migration wave-GABI 1-and then within the last major migration wave-GABI 4-). This involved reciprocal lineage migrations from North to South America, and included the evolution of South American endemic forms. C1 [Forasiepi, Analia M.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, CCT Mendoza, Inst Argentino Nivol Glaciol & Ciencias Ambiental, RA-5500 Mendoza, Argentina. [Soibelzon, Leopoldo H.; Suarez Gomez, Catalina] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Museo La Plata, Div Paleontol Vertebrados, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Sanchez, Rodolfo; Quiroz, Luis I.; Jaramillo, Carlos] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Quiroz, Luis I.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Geol Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada. [Sanchez-Villagra, Marcelo R.] Univ Zurich, Palaeontol Inst & Museum, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. RP Jaramillo, C (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM JaramilloC@si.edu; m.sanchez@pim.uzh.ch OI Suarez, Catalina/0000-0003-1562-5380 FU Instituto del Patrimonio Cultural of the Republica Bolivariana de Venezuela; Alcaldia del Municipio Urumaco; Swiss National Fund [SNF 31003A-149605, PICT 2011-0309]; Smithsonian Institution; National Geographic Society; Anders Foundation; Gregory D. and Jennifer Walston Johnson; Universidad del Norte; NSF [EAR 0957679] FX We gratefully thank Francisco Prevosti, Adriana Candela, and Agustin Martinelli for helpful comments and discussions, two anonymous reviewers for useful suggestions to improve the manuscript, Jorge D. Carrillo-Briceno for support in the field and in the lab, Andres Cardenas for producing the fossil and extant distribution maps, Torsten Scheyer for technical help, Simon Kay for assistance in revising the English text, Instituto del Patrimonio Cultural of the Republica Bolivariana de Venezuela and the Alcaldia del Municipio Urumaco for support during this research, coworkers of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute that participated in the field trip, and the Wayuu-Community for access to their lands and support during the field work. The Swiss National Fund SNF 31003A-149605, PICT 2011-0309, Smithsonian Institution, National Geographic Society, The Anders Foundation, Gregory D. and Jennifer Walston Johnson, Universidad del Norte, and NSF EAR 0957679 help to support this work. We acknowledge having used the Willi Hennig Society edition of TNT. NR 58 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0028-1042 EI 1432-1904 J9 NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN JI Naturwissenschaften PD NOV PY 2014 VL 101 IS 11 BP 965 EP 974 DI 10.1007/s00114-014-1237-4 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AS5UR UT WOS:000344335400011 PM 25228347 ER PT J AU Braito, V Reeves, JN Gofford, J Nardini, E Porquet, D Risaliti, G AF Braito, V. Reeves, J. N. Gofford, J. Nardini, E. Porquet, D. Risaliti, G. TI NGC 1365: A LOW COLUMN DENSITY STATE UNVEILING A LOW IONIZATION DISK WIND SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (NGC 1365); X-rays: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; ULTRA-FAST OUTFLOWS; SHELL ABSORPTION-LINES; RADIO-QUIET AGNS; XMM-NEWTON; GRATING SPECTROMETER; SPECTRAL VARIABILITY; WARM ABSORBERS; ACCRETION-DISK; BLACK-HOLE AB We present the time-resolved spectral analysis of the XMM-Newton data of NGC 1365 collected during one XMM-Newton observation, which caught this "changing-look" active galactic nucleus in a high flux state characterized also by a low column density (N-H similar to 10(22) cm(-2)) of the X-ray absorber. During this observation, the low-energy photoelectric cut-off is at about similar to 1 keV and the primary continuum can be investigated with the XMM-Newton-RGS data, which show strong spectral variability that can be explained as a variable low N-H that decreased from N-H similar to 10(23) cm(-2) to 10(22) cm(-2) in a 100 ks timescale. The spectral analysis of the last segment of the observation revealed the presence of several absorption features that can be associated with an ionized (log xi similar to 2 erg cm s(-1)) outflowing wind (upsilon(out) similar to 2000 km s(-1)). We detected for the first time a possible P-Cygni profile of the Mg xII Ly alpha line associated with this mildly ionized absorber indicative of a wide angle outflowing wind. We suggest that this wind is a low ionization zone of the highly ionized wind present in NGC 1365, which is responsible for the iron K absorption lines and is located within the variable X-ray absorber. At the end of the observation, we detected a strong absorption line at E similar to 0.76 keV most likely associated with a lower ionization zone of the absorber (log xi similar to 0.2 erg cm s(-1), N-H similar to 10(22) cm(-2)), which suggests that the variable absorber in NGC 1365 could be a low ionization zone of the disk wind. C1 [Braito, V.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, I-23807 Merate, LC, Italy. [Braito, V.] ASDC ASI, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Reeves, J. N.; Gofford, J.; Nardini, E.] Keele Univ, Sch Phys & Geog Sci, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. [Reeves, J. N.; Gofford, J.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Porquet, D.] CNRS, UMR 7550, Observatoire Astron Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France. [Risaliti, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Risaliti, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Braito, V (reprint author), INAF Osservatorio Astron Brera, Via Bianchi 46, I-23807 Merate, LC, Italy. EM valentina.braito@brera.inaf.it OI Braito, Valentina/0000-0002-2629-4989; Porquet, Delphine/0000-0001-9731-0352; Risaliti, Guido/0000-0002-3556-977X FU ESA member states; USA (NASA); Chandra X-Ray Observatory; Chandra grant [GO2-13123A]; NASA [NNX13AH71G]; Italian grant PRIN-INAF FX We thank the anonymous referee for useful comments which have improved this paper. This paper has made use of observations obtained with XMM-Newton an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA member states and the USA (NASA) and with the Chandra X-Ray Observatory. This research has made use of software provided by the Chandra X-ray Center (CXC) in the application packages CIAO, ChIPS. J.N.R. acknowledges Chandra grant GO2-13123A. G.R. acknowledges the NASA grant NNX13AH71G and financial support from the Italian grant PRIN-INAF 2012. NR 48 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 795 IS 1 AR 87 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/87 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8YN UT WOS:000343857300087 ER PT J AU Gunther, HM Li, ZY Schneider, PC AF Guenther, Hans Moritz Li, Zhi-Yun Schneider, P. C. TI RECOLLIMATION BOUNDARY LAYERS AS X-RAY SOURCES IN YOUNG STELLAR JETS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: jets and outflows; shock waves; stars: formation; stars: individual (DG Tau); stars: mass-loss; stars: pre-main sequence; stars: winds, outflows ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; T-TAURI STARS; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN EMISSION; FORBIDDEN-LINE EMISSION; DG-TAURI; SOLAR-WIND; MAGNETOCENTRIFUGAL WINDS; PROTOSTELLAR JETS; RADIATIVE KNOTS; MAGNETIC-FIELD AB Young stars accrete mass from circumstellar disks and, in many cases, the accretion coincides with a phase of massive outflows, which can be highly collimated. Those jets emit predominantly in the optical and IR wavelength range. However, in several cases, X-ray and UV observations reveal a weak but highly energetic component in those jets. X-rays are observed both from stationary regions close to the star and from knots in the jet several hundred AU from the star. In this article, we show semianalytically that a fast stellar wind that is recollimated by the pressure from a slower, more massive disk wind can have the right properties to power stationary X-ray emission. The size of the shocked regions is compatible with observational constraints. Our calculations support a wind-wind interaction scenario for the high-energy emission near the base of young stellar object jets. For the specific case of DG Tau, a stellar wind with a mass-loss rate of 5 x 10(-10) M-circle dot yr(-1) and a wind speed of 800 km s(-1) reproduces the observed X-ray spectrum. We conclude that a stellar wind recollimation shock is a viable scenario to power stationary X-ray emission close to the jet launching point. C1 [Guenther, Hans Moritz] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Li, Zhi-Yun] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Schneider, P. C.] Hamburger Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. RP Gunther, HM (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM hguenther@cfa.harvard.edu OI Gunther, Hans Moritz/0000-0003-4243-2840 FU NASA from Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-12907.01-A]; NASA [NASA 5-26555, NNX14AB38G]; NSF [AST1313083]; DLR [50 OR 1307] FX Support for this work was provided for H. M. G. by NASA through grant GO-12907.01-A from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NASA 5-26555 and by NSF AST1313083 and NASA NNX14AB38G for ZYL. P. C. D. acknowledges support by the DLR under 50 OR 1307. We thank T. Matsakos for discussions about his jet simulations and an anonymous referee for suggestions that helped to improve the relevance and clarity of the paper. NR 73 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 795 IS 1 AR 51 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/51 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8YN UT WOS:000343857300051 ER PT J AU Kipping, DM Torres, G Buchhave, LA Kenyon, SJ Henze, C Isaacson, H Kolbl, R Marcy, GW Bryson, ST Stassun, K Bastien, F AF Kipping, D. M. Torres, G. Buchhave, L. A. Kenyon, S. J. Henze, C. Isaacson, H. Kolbl, R. Marcy, G. W. Bryson, S. T. Stassun, K. Bastien, F. TI DISCOVERY OF A TRANSITING PLANET NEAR THE SNOW-LINE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; planets and satellites: detection; stars: individual (KOI-1274); techniques: photometric ID GAS GIANT PLANETS; EARTH-SIZED PLANETS; SUN-LIKE STARS; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; HABITABLE-ZONE; INTERSTELLAR EXTINCTION; PHOTOMETRIC SURVEY; INFRARED-EMISSION; FALSE POSITIVES; BLEND SCENARIOS AB In most theories of planet formation, the snow-line represents a boundary between the emergence of the interior rocky planets and the exterior ice giants. The wide separation of the snow-line makes the discovery of transiting worlds challenging, yet transits would allow for detailed subsequent characterization. We present the discovery of Kepler-421b, a Uranus-sized exoplanet transiting a G9/K0 dwarf once every 704.2 days in a near-circular orbit. Using public Kepler photometry, we demonstrate that the two observed transits can be uniquely attributed to the 704.2 day period. Detailed light curve analysis with BLENDER validates the planetary nature of Kepler-421b to >4 sigma confidence. Kepler-421b receives the same insolation as a body at similar to 2 AU in the solar system, as well as a Uranian albedo, which would have an effective temperature of similar to 180 K. Using a time-dependent model for the protoplanetary disk, we estimate that Kepler-421b's present semi-major axis was beyond the snow-line after similar to 3 Myr, indicating that Kepler-421b may have formed at its observed location. C1 [Kipping, D. M.; Torres, G.; Buchhave, L. A.; Kenyon, S. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Buchhave, L. A.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Star & Planet Format, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Henze, C.; Bryson, S. T.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Isaacson, H.; Kolbl, R.; Marcy, G. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Stassun, K.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Stassun, K.; Bastien, F.] Fisk Univ, Dept Phys, Nashville, TN 37208 USA. RP Kipping, DM (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM dkipping@cfa.harvard.edu OI Kenyon, Scott/0000-0003-0214-609X; Buchhave, Lars A./0000-0003-1605-5666 FU NASA Carl Sagan Fellowships; NASA [NNX14AB83G] FX This work made use of the Michael Dodds Computing Facility and the Pleiades supercomputer at NASA Ames. D. M. K. is funded by the NASA Carl Sagan Fellowships. G. T. acknowledges partial support for this work from NASA grant NNX14AB83G (Kepler Participating Scientist Program). We offer our thanks and praise to the extraordinary scientists, engineers, and individuals who have made the Kepler Mission possible. We also thank C. Burke and J. Twicken for assistance in obtaining the centroid motion results. NR 105 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 795 IS 1 AR 25 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/25 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8YN UT WOS:000343857300025 ER PT J AU Li, GJ Batygin, K AF Li, Gongjie Batygin, Konstantin TI PRE-LATE HEAVY BOMBARDMENT EVOLUTION OF THE EARTH's OBLIQUITY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Earth; Moon; planets and satellites: dynamical evolution and stability ID SOLAR-SYSTEM; GIANT PLANETS; ORBITAL ARCHITECTURE; DYNAMICAL EVOLUTION; TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; CHAOTIC OBLIQUITY; MOONLESS EARTH; KUIPER-BELT; ICE AGES; INSTABILITY AB The Earth's obliquity is stabilized by the Moon, which facilitates a rapid precession of the Earth's spin axis, detuning the system away from resonance with orbital modulation. It is, however, likely that the architecture of the solar system underwent a dynamical instability-driven transformation, where the primordial configuration was more compact. Hence, the characteristic frequencies associated with orbital perturbations were likely faster in the past, potentially allowing for secular resonant encounters. In this work, we examine if, at any point in the Earth's evolutionary history, the obliquity varied significantly. Our calculations suggest that even though the orbital perturbations were different, the system nevertheless avoided resonant encounters throughout its evolution. This indicates that the Earth obtained its current obliquity during the formation of the Moon. C1 [Li, Gongjie] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Batygin, Konstantin] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Li, GJ (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM gli@cfa.harvard.edu NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 795 IS 1 AR 67 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/67 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8YN UT WOS:000343857300067 ER PT J AU Ngoc, PB Lee, CF Ho, PTP Cuong, DD Li, D AF Ngoc Phan-Bao Lee, Chin-Fei Ho, Paul T. P. Cuong Dang-Duc Li, Di TI CHARACTERIZATION OF MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS IN THE SUBSTELLAR DOMAIN SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE brown dwarfs; ISM: individual objects (GM Tau, 2MASS J04141188+2811535, 2MASS J04381486+2611399); ISM: jets and outflows; stars: formation; stars: low-mass; techniques: interferometric ID YOUNG BROWN DWARF; LOW-MASS STARS; SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY; TAURUS-AURIGA; CLOUD CORE; ACCRETION; OBJECTS; DISCOVERY; EVOLUTION; SEARCH AB We report here our latest search for molecular outflows from young brown dwarfs and very low-mass stars in nearby star-forming regions. We have observed three sources in Taurus with the Submillimeter Array and the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy at 230 GHz frequency to search for CO J = 2 -> 1 outflows. We obtain a tentative detection of a redshifted and extended gas lobe at about 10 arcsec from the source GM Tau, a young brown dwarf in Taurus with an estimated mass of 73 M-J, which is right below the hydrogen-burning limit. No blueshifted emission around the brown dwarf position is detected. The redshifted gas lobe that is elongated in the northeast direction suggests a possible bipolar outflow from the source with a position angle of about 36 degrees. Assuming that the redshifted emission is outflow emission from GM Tau, we then estimate a molecular outflow mass in the range from 1.9 x 10(-6) M-circle dot to 2.9 x 10(-5) M-circle dot and an outflow mass-loss rate from 2.7 x 10(-9) M-circle dot yr(-1) to 4.1 x 10(-8) M-circle dot yr(-1). These values are comparable to those we have observed in the young brown dwarf ISO-Oph 102 of 60 M-J in rho Ophiuchi and the very low-mass star MHO 5 of 90 M-J in Taurus. Our results suggest that the outflow process in very low-mass objects is episodic with a duration of a few thousand years and the outflow rate of active episodes does not significantly change for different stages of the formation process of very low-mass objects. This may provide us with important implications that clarify the formation process of brown dwarfs. C1 [Ngoc Phan-Bao; Cuong Dang-Duc] Int Univ Vietnam Natl Univ HCM, Dept Phys, Linh Trung Ward, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. [Ngoc Phan-Bao; Lee, Chin-Fei; Ho, Paul T. P.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Ho, Paul T. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Cuong Dang-Duc] Univ Sci Vietnam Natl Univ HCM, Fac Phys & Engn Phys, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. [Li, Di] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Ngoc, PB (reprint author), Int Univ Vietnam Natl Univ HCM, Dept Phys, Linh Trung Ward, Block 6, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. EM pbngoc@hcmiu.edu.vn FU Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) [103.08-2013.21]; National Science Council of Taiwan [NSC 101-2119-M-001-002-MY3]; National Basic Research Program of China (973 program) [2012CB821800]; NSFC [11373038]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation; James S. McDonnell Foundation; Associates of the California Institute of Technology; University of Chicago; state of California; state of Illinois; state of Maryland; National Science Foundation; CARMA FX This research is funded by Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED) under grant No. 103.08-2013.21. C.-F. Lee acknowledges the grant from the National Science Council of Taiwan (NSC 101-2119-M-001-002-MY3). D. L. acknowledges the support from National Basic Research Program of China (973 program) No. 2012CB821800 and NSFC No. 11373038. We thank the referee for valuable comments. Support for CARMA construction was derived from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation, the James S. McDonnell Foundation, the Associates of the California Institute of Technology, the University of Chicago, the states of California, Illinois, and Maryland, and the National Science Foundation. Ongoing CARMA development and operations are supported by the National Science Foundation under a cooperative agreement, and by the CARMA partner universities. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 795 IS 1 AR 70 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/70 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8YN UT WOS:000343857300070 ER PT J AU Rest, A Scolnic, D Foley, RJ Huber, ME Chornock, R Narayan, G Tonry, JL Berger, E Soderberg, AM Stubbs, CW Riess, A Kirshner, RP Smartt, SJ Schlafly, E Rodney, S Botticella, MT Brout, D Challis, P Czekala, I Drout, M Hudson, MJ Kotak, R Leibler, C Lunnan, R Marion, GH McCrum, M Milisavljevic, D Pastorello, A Sanders, NE Smith, K Stafford, E Thilker, D Valenti, S Wood-Vasey, WM Zheng, Z Burgett, WS Chambers, KC Denneau, L Draper, PW Flewelling, H Hodapp, KW Kaiser, N Kudritzki, RP Magnier, EA Metcalfe, N Price, PA Sweeney, W Wainscoat, R Waters, C AF Rest, A. Scolnic, D. Foley, R. J. Huber, M. E. Chornock, R. Narayan, G. Tonry, J. L. Berger, E. Soderberg, A. M. Stubbs, C. W. Riess, A. Kirshner, R. P. Smartt, S. J. Schlafly, E. Rodney, S. Botticella, M. T. Brout, D. Challis, P. Czekala, I. Drout, M. Hudson, M. J. Kotak, R. Leibler, C. Lunnan, R. Marion, G. H. McCrum, M. Milisavljevic, D. Pastorello, A. Sanders, N. E. Smith, K. Stafford, E. Thilker, D. Valenti, S. Wood-Vasey, W. M. Zheng, Z. Burgett, W. S. Chambers, K. C. Denneau, L. Draper, P. W. Flewelling, H. Hodapp, K. W. Kaiser, N. Kudritzki, R-P Magnier, E. A. Metcalfe, N. Price, P. A. Sweeney, W. Wainscoat, R. Waters, C. TI COSMOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS FROM MEASUREMENTS OF TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE DISCOVERED DURING THE FIRST 1.5 yr OF THE Pan-STARRS1 SURVEY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmological parameters; cosmology: observations; dark energy; supernovae: general ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS; IMPROVED PHOTOMETRIC CALIBRATION; HIGH-REDSHIFT SUPERNOVAE; LIGHT-CURVE SHAPES; PAN-STARRS 1; DARK ENERGY; LEGACY SURVEY; DATA RELEASE; ABSOLUTE FLUX AB We present griz(P1) light curves of 146 spectroscopically confirmed Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia; 0.03 < z < 0.65) discovered during the first 1.5 yr of the Pan-STARRS1 Medium Deep Survey. The Pan-STARRS1 natural photometric system is determined by a combination of on-site measurements of the instrument response function and observations of spectrophotometric standard stars. We find that the systematic uncertainties in the photometric system are currently 1.2% without accounting for the uncertainty in the Hubble Space Telescope Calspec definition of the AB system. A Hubble diagram is constructed with a subset of 113 out of 146 SNe Ia that pass our light curve quality cuts. The cosmological fit to 310 SNe Ia (113 PS1 SNe Ia + 222 light curves from 197 low-z SNe Ia), using only supernovae (SNe) and assuming a constant dark energy equation of state and flatness, yields w = -1.120(+0.360)(-0.206)(Stat)(+0.269)(-0.291)(Sys). When combined with BAO+CMB(Planck)+H-0, the analysis yields Omega(M) = 0.280(+0.013)(-0.012) and w = -1.166(+0.072)(-0.069) including all identified systematics. The value of w is inconsistent with the cosmological constant value of -1 at the 2.3 sigma level. Tension endures after removing either the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) or the H-0 constraint, though it is strongest when including the H-0 constraint. If we include WMAP9 cosmic microwave background (CMB) constraints instead of those from Planck, we find w = -1.124(+0.083)(-0.065), which diminishes the discord to <2 sigma. We cannot conclude whether the tension with flat ACDM is a feature of dark energy, new physics, or a combination of chance and systematic errors. The full Pan-STARRS1 SN sample with similar to three times as many SNe should provide more conclusive results. C1 [Rest, A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Scolnic, D.; Riess, A.; Rodney, S.; Brout, D.; Stafford, E.; Thilker, D.; Zheng, Z.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Foley, R. J.; Chornock, R.; Berger, E.; Soderberg, A. M.; Stubbs, C. W.; Kirshner, R. P.; Challis, P.; Drout, M.; Lunnan, R.; Marion, G. H.; Milisavljevic, D.; Sanders, N. E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Foley, R. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Foley, R. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Huber, M. E.; Tonry, J. L.; Burgett, W. S.; Chambers, K. C.; Denneau, L.; Flewelling, H.; Hodapp, K. W.; Kaiser, N.; Kudritzki, R-P; Magnier, E. A.; Sweeney, W.; Wainscoat, R.; Waters, C.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Narayan, G.; Stubbs, C. W.; Kirshner, R. P.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Smartt, S. J.; Kotak, R.; McCrum, M.; Smith, K.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Schlafly, E.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Botticella, M. T.] Osserv Astron Capodimonte, INAF, I-80131 Naples, Italy. [Hudson, M. J.] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Hudson, M. J.] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada. [Leibler, C.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Pastorello, A.] Osserv Astron Padova, INAF, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Valenti, S.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network Inc, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Valenti, S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Wood-Vasey, W. M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, PITT PACC, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Draper, P. W.; Metcalfe, N.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Sci Labs, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Price, P. A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Rest, A (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI Hudson, Michael/H-3238-2012; Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012; OI Czekala, Ian/0000-0002-1483-8811; Hudson, Michael/0000-0002-1437-3786; Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724; Lunnan, Ragnhild/0000-0001-9454-4639; Chambers, Kenneth /0000-0001-6965-7789; Flewelling, Heather/0000-0002-1050-4056; Schlafly, Edward Ford/0000-0002-3569-7421; Kotak, Rubina/0000-0001-5455-3653; Narayan, Gautham/0000-0001-6022-0484 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate [NNX08AR22G]; National Science Foundation [AST-1238877, AST-1009749, AST-0507574, AST 0907903]; DOE Office of Science [ER41843]; HST [GO-10583, GO-10903, GO-13046]; NSF [AST-1211196] FX The Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) Surveys have been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation under grant no. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, and Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE). Some observations reported here were obtained at the MMT Observatory, a joint facility of the Smithsonian Institution and the University of Arizona. This paper is based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council (Australia), Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao (Brazil) and Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva (Argentina). This paper includes data gathered with the 6.5 m Magellan Telescopes located at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile and observations obtained with the Apache Point Observatory 3.5 m telescope, which is owned and operated by the Astrophysical Research Consortium. C.W.S. and G.N. thank the DOE Office of Science for their support under grant ER41843. Partial support for this work was provided by National Science Foundation grant AST-1009749. The ESSENCE/SuperMACHO data reduction pipeline photpipe was developed with support from National Science Foundation grant AST-0507574, and HST programs GO-10583 and GO-10903. R.P.K.'s supernova research is supported in part by NSF grant AST-1211196 and HST program GO-13046. Some of the computations in this paper were run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Science Division Research Computing Group at Harvard University. This research has made use of the CfA Supernova Archive, which is funded in part by the National Science Foundation through grant AST 0907903. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System. NR 127 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 795 IS 1 AR 44 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/44 PG 34 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8YN UT WOS:000343857300044 ER PT J AU Scolnic, D Rest, A Riess, A Huber, ME Foley, RJ Brout, D Chornock, R Narayan, G Tonry, JL Berger, E Soderberg, AM Stubbs, CW Kirshner, RP Rodney, S Smartt, SJ Schlafly, E Botticella, MT Challis, P Czekala, I Drout, M Hudson, MJ Kotak, R Leibler, C Lunnan, R Marion, GH McCrum, M Milisavljevic, D Pastorello, A Sanders, NE Smith, K Stafford, E Thilker, D Valenti, S Wood-Vasey, WM Zheng, Z Burgett, WS Chambers, KC Denneau, L Draper, PW Flewelling, H Hodapp, KW Kaiser, N Kudritzki, RP Magnier, EA Metcalfe, N Price, PA Sweeney, W Wainscoat, R Waters, C AF Scolnic, D. Rest, A. Riess, A. Huber, M. E. Foley, R. J. Brout, D. Chornock, R. Narayan, G. Tonry, J. L. Berger, E. Soderberg, A. M. Stubbs, C. W. Kirshner, R. P. Rodney, S. Smartt, S. J. Schlafly, E. Botticella, M. T. Challis, P. Czekala, I. Drout, M. Hudson, M. J. Kotak, R. Leibler, C. Lunnan, R. Marion, G. H. McCrum, M. Milisavljevic, D. Pastorello, A. Sanders, N. E. Smith, K. Stafford, E. Thilker, D. Valenti, S. Wood-Vasey, W. M. Zheng, Z. Burgett, W. S. Chambers, K. C. Denneau, L. Draper, P. W. Flewelling, H. Hodapp, K. W. Kaiser, N. Kudritzki, R. -P. Magnier, E. A. Metcalfe, N. Price, P. A. Sweeney, W. Wainscoat, R. Waters, C. TI SYSTEMATIC UNCERTAINTIES ASSOCIATED WITH THE COSMOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE FIRST PAN-STARRS1 TYPE Ia SUPERNOVA SAMPLE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dark energy; supernovae: general ID DARK-ENERGY CONSTRAINTS; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; LIGHT-CURVE SHAPES; SDSS-II; HOST GALAXIES; LEGACY SURVEY; PECULIAR VELOCITIES; ABSOLUTE MAGNITUDES; IMPROVED DISTANCES; STANDARD STARS AB We probe the systematic uncertainties from the 113 Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) in the Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) sample along with 197 SN Ia from a combination of low-redshift surveys. The companion paper by Rest et al. describes the photometric measurements and cosmological inferences from the PS1 sample. The largest systematic uncertainty stems from the photometric calibration of the PS1 and low-z samples. We increase the sample of observed Calspec standards from 7 to 10 used to define the PS1 calibration system. The PS1 and SDSS-II calibration systems are compared and discrepancies up to similar to 0.02 mag are recovered. We find uncertainties in the proper way to treat intrinsic colors and reddening produce differences in the recovered value of w up to 3%. We estimate masses of host galaxies of PS1 supernovae and detect an insignificant difference in distance residuals of the full sample of 0.037 +/- 0.031 mag for host galaxies with high and low masses. Assuming flatness and including systematic uncertainties in our analysis of only SNe measurements, we find w = -1.120(+0.360)(-0.206)(Stat)(+0.269)(-0.291)(Sys). With additional constraints from Baryon acoustic oscillation, cosmic microwave background (CMB) (Planck) and H-0 measurements, we find w = -1.166(+0.072)(-0.069) and Omega m = 0.280(+0.013)(-0.012) (statistical and systematic errors added in quadrature). The significance of the inconsistency with w = -1 depends on whether we use Planck or Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe measurements of the CMB: w(BAO+H0+SN+WMAP) = -1.124(+0.083)(-0.065). C1 [Scolnic, D.; Riess, A.; Brout, D.; Rodney, S.; Stafford, E.; Thilker, D.; Zheng, Z.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Rest, A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Huber, M. E.; Tonry, J. L.; Burgett, W. S.; Chambers, K. C.; Denneau, L.; Flewelling, H.; Hodapp, K. W.; Kaiser, N.; Kudritzki, R. -P.; Magnier, E. A.; Sweeney, W.; Wainscoat, R.; Waters, C.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Foley, R. J.; Chornock, R.; Berger, E.; Soderberg, A. M.; Stubbs, C. W.; Kirshner, R. P.; Challis, P.; Czekala, I.; Drout, M.; Lunnan, R.; Marion, G. H.; Milisavljevic, D.; Sanders, N. E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Foley, R. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Foley, R. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Narayan, G.; Stubbs, C. W.; Kirshner, R. P.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Smartt, S. J.; Botticella, M. T.; Kotak, R.; McCrum, M.; Smith, K.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Schlafly, E.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Hudson, M. J.] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Leibler, C.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Pastorello, A.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Padova, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Valenti, S.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network Inc, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA. [Valenti, S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Wood-Vasey, W. M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, PITT PACC, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Draper, P. W.; Metcalfe, N.] Univ Durham, Sci Labs, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Price, P. A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Scolnic, D (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3400 North Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RI Hudson, Michael/H-3238-2012; Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012; OI Hudson, Michael/0000-0002-1437-3786; Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724; Lunnan, Ragnhild/0000-0001-9454-4639; Schlafly, Edward Ford/0000-0002-3569-7421; Czekala, Ian/0000-0002-1483-8811; Kotak, Rubina/0000-0001-5455-3653; Narayan, Gautham/0000-0001-6022-0484; Chambers, Kenneth /0000-0001-6965-7789; Flewelling, Heather/0000-0002-1050-4056 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate [NNX08AR22G]; National Science Foundation [AST-1238877, AST-1009749, AST-0507574, AST 0907903]; HST [GO-10583, GO-10903, GO-13046]; NSF [AST-1211196]; DOE Office of Science [ER41843] FX The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys (PS1) have been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society, and its participating institutes: the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg, and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation under grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, and Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE). Some observations reported here were obtained at the MMT Observatory, a joint facility of the Smithsonian Institution and the University of Arizona. Based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council (Australia), Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao (Brazil) and Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva (Argentina). This paper includes data gathered with the 6.5 m Magellan Telescopes located at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile. Based on observations obtained with the Apache Point Observatory 3.5 m telescope, which is owned and operated by the Astrophysical Research Consortium. Partial support for this work was provided by National Science Foundation grant AST-1009749. The ESSENCE/SuperMACHO data reduction pipeline photpipe was developed with support from National Science Foundation grant AST-0507574, and HST programs GO-10583 and GO-10903. R.P.K.'s supernova research is supported in part by NSF grant AST-1211196 and HST program GO-13046. C. W. S. and G.N. thank the DOE Office of Science for their support under grant ER41843. Some of the computations in this paper were run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Science Division Research Computing Group at Harvard University. This research has made use of the CfA Supernova Archive, which is funded in part by the National Science Foundation through grant AST 0907903. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System. Finally, we thank Rick Kessler for many useful discussions. We also thank Alex Conley and Dave Jones for very helpful suggestions. NR 75 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 795 IS 1 AR 45 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/45 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8YN UT WOS:000343857300045 ER PT J AU Sharon, K Gladders, MD Rigby, JR Wuyts, E Bayliss, MB Johnson, TL Florian, MK Dahle, H AF Sharon, Keren Gladders, Michael D. Rigby, Jane R. Wuyts, Eva Bayliss, Matthew B. Johnson, Traci L. Florian, Michael K. Dahle, Hakon TI THE MASS DISTRIBUTION OF THE STRONG LENSING CLUSTER SDSS J1531+3414 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: individual (SDSS J1531+3414); gravitational lensing: strong ID GIANT ARCS SURVEY; GALAXY CLUSTERS; RCSGA 032727-132609; LENSED GALAXIES; METALLICITY; CONSTRAINTS; CORES AB We present the mass distribution at the core of SDSS J1531+3414, a strong-lensing cluster at z = 0.335. We find that the mass distribution is well described by two cluster-scale halos with a contribution from cluster-member galaxies. New Hubble Space Telescope observations of SDSS J1531+3414 reveal a signature of ongoing star formation associated with the two central galaxies at the core of the cluster, in the form of a chain of star forming regions at the center of the cluster. Using the lens model presented here, we place upper limits on the contribution of a possible lensed image to the flux at the central region, and rule out that this emission is coming from a background source. C1 [Sharon, Keren; Johnson, Traci L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Gladders, Michael D.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Gladders, Michael D.; Florian, Michael K.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Rigby, Jane R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Observat Cosmol Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Wuyts, Eva] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Bayliss, Matthew B.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bayliss, Matthew B.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Dahle, Hakon] Univ Oslo, Inst Theoret Astrophys, N-0315 Oslo, Norway. RP Sharon, K (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 500 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM kerens@umich.edu FU NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-13003]; NASA [NAS5-26555] FX We wish to thank the anonymous referee for insightful comments. Support for program number GO-13003 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. We also present results based on observations with the Nordic Optical Telescope, operated by the Nordic Optical Telescope Scientific Association at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain, of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 1 PY 2014 VL 795 IS 1 AR 50 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/50 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA AR8YN UT WOS:000343857300050 ER PT J AU Patrick, CJ Weller, DE Li, XY Ryder, M AF Patrick, Christopher J. Weller, Donald E. Li, Xuyong Ryder, Micah TI Effects of Shoreline Alteration and Other Stressors on Submerged Aquatic Vegetation in Subestuaries of Chesapeake Bay and the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Bays SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Shoreline hardening; Riprap; SAV; Land use change; Shoreline geometry; Landscape analysis ID EELGRASS ZOSTERA-MARINA; FRESH-WATER WETLANDS; LAND-USE; UNITED-STATES; QUALITY; ABUNDANCE; COMMUNITIES; LANDSCAPE; USA; PERSPECTIVE AB Submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) provides many important ecosystem functions, but SAV has been significantly reduced in many estuaries. We used spatial-statistical models to identify estuarine shoreline characteristics that explain variations in SAV abundance among subestuaries of the Chesapeake Bay and mid-Atlantic Coastal Bays. We summarized digital spatial data on shoreline construction, shoreline land use, physical characteristics, watershed land cover, and salinity for each subestuary. We related SAV abundance to shoreline characteristics and other stressors using univariate regression and multivariate models. The strongest univariate predictors of SAV abundance were percent shoreline forest, percent shoreline marsh, the percentage of shoreline that is 5-10 m tall, percent riprap, the percentage of subestuary area < 2 m deep, percent herbaceous wetland, and percent shrubland. Shoreline marsh, bulkhead, and shoreline forest had different effects on SAV in different salinity zones. Percent riprap shoreline was the most important variable in a regression tree analysis of all the subestuaries, and percent deciduous forest in the watershed was the most important variable in a separate regression tree analysis on the mesohaline subestuaries. Subestuaries with < 5.4 % riprap followed a significantly different temporal trajectory than those with > 5.4 % riprap. SAV abundance has increased steadily since 1984 in subestuaries with < 5.4 % riprap, but has not increased since 1996-1997 in subestuaries with > 5.4 % riprap. Some shoreline characteristics interact with larger-scale factors like land cover and salinity zone to affect the distribution of SAV, while the effects of other shoreline characteristics are consistent among subestuaries with different salinities or local watershed land covers. Many shoreline characteristics can be controlled by management decisions, and our results help identify factors that managers should consider in efforts to increase SAV abundance. C1 [Patrick, Christopher J.; Weller, Donald E.; Li, Xuyong; Ryder, Micah] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Li, Xuyong] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Urban & Reg Ecol, Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Sci, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China. RP Patrick, CJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28,647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM patrickc@si.edu OI Weller, Donald/0000-0002-7629-5437 FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research [NA09NOS4780214] FX We thank the Virginia Institute of Marine Sciences, the Maryland Department of Natural Resources, and the Chesapeake Bay Program for providing data used in our analysis. This work was supported by award number NA09NOS4780214 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research. NR 70 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 EI 1559-2731 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD NOV PY 2014 VL 37 IS 6 BP 1516 EP 1531 DI 10.1007/s12237-014-9768-7 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AR6WY UT WOS:000343722700015 ER EF