FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT B AU Milosch, J AF Milosch, Jane BE Murphy, BL TI ADVOCATING FOR INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIONS World War II-era provenance research in museums SO Museums, Ethics and Cultural Heritage LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Milosch, Jane] Smithsonian Inst, Off Secretary Hist Art & Culture, Smithsonians Provenance Res Initiat, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Milosch, Jane] Smithsonian, Art Directing Paninst Art Programmes New Interdis, Washington, DC USA. [Milosch, Jane] Smithsonian Amer Art Museum, Renwick Gallery, Washington, DC USA. [Milosch, Jane] Cedar Rapids Museum Art, Cedar Rapids, IA USA. [Milosch, Jane] Detroit Inst Arts, Detroit, MI USA. RP Milosch, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Off Secretary Hist Art & Culture, Smithsonians Provenance Res Initiat, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-1-138-67632-9; 978-1-315-56015-1 PY 2016 BP 193 EP 209 PG 17 WC Archaeology; Cultural Studies; Ethics SC Archaeology; Cultural Studies; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BG4MB UT WOS:000388987700019 ER PT B AU West, WR AF West, W. Richard, Jr. BE Murphy, BL TI NATIVE AMERICA IN THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY SO Museums, Ethics and Cultural Heritage LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [West, W. Richard, Jr.] Autry Museum Amer West, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. [West, W. Richard, Jr.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Indian, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [West, W. Richard, Jr.] Amer Alliance Museums, Washington, DC USA. [West, W. Richard, Jr.] ICOM US, Kirkland, WA 98034 USA. RP West, WR (reprint author), Autry Museum Amer West, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA.; West, WR (reprint author), ICOM US, Kirkland, WA 98034 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-1-138-67632-9; 978-1-315-56015-1 PY 2016 BP 278 EP 288 PG 11 WC Archaeology; Cultural Studies; Ethics SC Archaeology; Cultural Studies; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BG4MB UT WOS:000388987700026 ER PT J AU Parr, CS Schulz, KS Hammock, J Wilson, N Leary, P Rice, J Corrigan, RJ AF Parr, Cynthia S. Schulz, Katja S. Hammock, Jennifer Wilson, Nathan Leary, Patrick Rice, Jeremy Corrigan, Robert J., Jr. TI TraitBank: Practical semantics for organism attribute data SO Semantic Web LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; ontologies; Semantic Web; traits; ecology; evolution; taxonomy; data aggregation ID ONTOLOGY; ENCYCLOPEDIA; ANNOTATION; LIFE AB Encyclopedia of Life (EOL) has developed TraitBank (http://eol.org/traitbank), a new repository for organism attribute (trait) data. TraitBank aggregates, manages and serves attribute data for organisms across the tree of life, including life history characteristics, habitats, distributions, ecological relationships and other data types. We describe how TraitBank ingests and manages these data in a way that leverages EOL's existing infrastructure and semantic annotations to facilitate reasoning across the TraitBank corpus and interoperability with other resources. We also discuss TraitBank's impact on users and collaborators and the challenges and benefits of our lightweight, scalable approach to the integration of biodiversity data. C1 [Parr, Cynthia S.; Schulz, Katja S.; Hammock, Jennifer; Corrigan, Robert J., Jr.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Wilson, Nathan; Leary, Patrick; Rice, Jeremy] Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Parr, Cynthia S.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Wilson, Nathan] MassChallenge, Boston, MA USA. [Leary, Patrick] Calif Acad Sci, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. RP Schulz, KS (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM csparr@gmail.com; schulzk@si.edu FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Smithsonian Institution; Marine Biological Laboratory; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences (FAS) Sciences Division Research Computing Group FX Support for TraitBank was provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Smithsonian Institution, the Marine Biological Laboratory, and the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. The production hardware infrastructure for the EOL website was supported by the Harvard Faculty of Arts and Sciences (FAS) Sciences Division Research Computing Group and the Smithsonian Institution. The TraitBank development team wishes to specifically thank Dr. Jesse Ausubel for his support and for his commitment to the entire Encyclopedia of Life initiative. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-0844 EI 2210-4968 J9 SEMANT WEB JI Semant. Web PY 2016 VL 7 IS 6 BP 577 EP 588 DI 10.3233/SW-150190 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA EE0AR UT WOS:000389236100001 ER PT S AU Jones, PL Page, RA Ratcliffe, JM AF Jones, Patricia L. Page, Rachel A. Ratcliffe, John M. BE Fenton, MB Grinnell, AD Popper, AN Fay, RR TI To Scream or to Listen? Prey Detection and Discrimination in Animal-Eating Bats SO BAT BIOACOUSTICS: WITH 62 ILLUSTRATIONS SE Springer Handbook of Auditory Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Aerial hawking; Bat echolocation; Eavesdropping; Signal intensity; Substrate gleaning ID LONG-EARED BAT; DOGBANE TIGER MOTH; FEMALE MATE CHOICE; ECHOLOCATING BATS; AERIAL-HAWKING; FROG CALLS; TRACHOPS-CIRRHOSUS; ARCTIID MOTH; GLEANING BAT; BEHAVIORAL FLEXIBILITY C1 [Jones, Patricia L.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Corson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Page, Rachel A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Ratcliffe, John M.] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 25 Willcocks St, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada. RP Ratcliffe, JM (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 25 Willcocks St, Toronto, ON M5S 3B2, Canada. EM plj6@cornell.edu; pager@si.edu; j.ratcliffe@utoronto.ca NR 119 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0947-2657 BN 978-1-4939-3527-7; 978-1-4939-3525-3 J9 SPRINGER HANDB AUDIT JI Springer Handb. Audit. Res. PY 2016 VL 54 BP 93 EP 116 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3527-7_4 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3527-7 PG 24 WC Acoustics; Zoology SC Acoustics; Zoology GA BG4KZ UT WOS:000388941000007 ER PT S AU Denzinger, A Kalko, EKV Tschapka, M Grinnell, AD Schnitzler, HU AF Denzinger, Annette Kalko, Elisabeth K. V. Tschapka, Marco Grinnell, Alan D. Schnitzler, Hans-Ulrich BE Fenton, MB Grinnell, AD Popper, AN Fay, RR TI Guild Structure and Niche Differentiation in Echolocating Bats SO BAT BIOACOUSTICS: WITH 62 ILLUSTRATIONS SE Springer Handbook of Auditory Research LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Bat; Echolocation; Foraging; Guild; Habitat; Masking; Niche differentiation; Resource partitioning ID FRUIT-EATING BATS; CAROLLIA-PERSPICILLATA PHYLLOSTOMIDAE; FLOWER-VISITING BATS; NECTAR-FEEDING BATS; OLD-WORLD TROPICS; PREY DETECTION; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; INSECTIVOROUS BATS; HORSESHOE BATS; SEED PREDATION C1 [Denzinger, Annette; Schnitzler, Hans-Ulrich] Univ Tubingen, Inst Neurobiol, Anim Physiol, Morgenstelle 28, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.] Univ Ulm, Inst Expt Ecol, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Kalko, Elisabeth K. V.; Tschapka, Marco] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, POB 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. [Tschapka, Marco] Inst Evolutionary Ecol & Conservat Genom, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Grinnell, Alan D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Denzinger, A (reprint author), Univ Tubingen, Inst Neurobiol, Anim Physiol, Morgenstelle 28, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. EM annette.denzinger@uni-tuebingen.de; marco.tschapka@uni-ulm.de; marco.tschapka@uni-ulm.de; adg@mednet.ucla.edu; hans-ulrich.schnitzler@uni-tuebingen.de NR 109 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 0947-2657 BN 978-1-4939-3527-7; 978-1-4939-3525-3 J9 SPRINGER HANDB AUDIT JI Springer Handb. Audit. Res. PY 2016 VL 54 BP 141 EP 166 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3527-7_6 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3527-7 PG 26 WC Acoustics; Zoology SC Acoustics; Zoology GA BG4KZ UT WOS:000388941000009 ER PT S AU Carn, SA AF Carn, S. A. BE Harris, AJL DeGroeve, T Garel, F Carn, SA TI On the detection and monitoring of effusive eruptions using satellite SO2 measurements SO DETECTING, MODELLING AND RESPONDING TO EFFUSIVE ERUPTIONS SE Geological Society Special Publication LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SULFUR-DIOXIDE EMISSIONS; BASALTIC ERUPTIONS; VOLCANO; FLUX; RATES; NYAMURAGIRA; INSTRUMENT; MODIS; OMI AB Timely detection and quantification of lava effusion rates are crucial for volcanic hazard mitigation during effusive eruptions. Satellite-based detection methods typically exploit the exceptional radiant heat fluxes associated with lava effusion, but effusive eruptions can also emit prodigious amounts of sulphur dioxide (SO2). Measuring the magnitude and temporal evolution of SO2 emissions provides an additional means for monitoring effusive eruptions, complementing thermal monitoring. Examples of effusive eruptions detected since 1978 using ultraviolet (UV) satellite measurements of SO2 emissions by the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS), Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) are reviewed. During many effusive eruptions, trends in SO2 production mimic the classic waxing-waning pattern characteristic of such events that is also seen in thermal infrared (TIR) hotspot data, suggesting a qualitative link between SO2 emissions and lava effusion rates. An example of lava effusion rate calculation based on TOMS SO2 measurements is presented for the 1998 eruption of Cerro Azul (Gala pagos Islands), for which detailed eruption observations and independent estimates of effusion rates are available. Combining TOMS-derived SO2 emission rates with estimates of sulphur content in Cerro Azul lavas yields lava effusion rates almost identical to independently derived values, demonstrating the utility of the technique. C1 [Carn, S. A.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Geol & Min Engn & Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Carn, S. A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Carn, SA (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Geol & Min Engn & Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.; Carn, SA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM scarn@mtu.edu NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC PUBLISHING HOUSE PI BATH PA UNIT 7, BRASSMILL ENTERPRISE CTR, BRASSMILL LANE, BATH BA1 3JN, AVON, ENGLAND SN 0305-8719 BN 978-1-86239-736-1 J9 GEOL SOC SPEC PUBL JI Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. PY 2016 VL 426 BP 277 EP 292 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology; Remote Sensing SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3YB UT WOS:000388378700014 ER PT S AU Myers, PC AF Myers, Philip C. BE Jablonka, P Andre, P VanDerTak, F TI Formation of star clusters: Models and simulations SO FROM INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS TO STAR-FORMING GALAXIES: UNIVERSAL PROCESSES? SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 315th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union CY AUG 03-07, 2015 CL Honolulu, HI SP Int Astronom Union, Ecole Polythechnique Federale Lausanne, Netherlands Inst Space Res, Commissariat Lenergie Atomique & Aux Energies Alternat DE Molecular clouds; star formation; star clusters ID INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; MOLECULAR CLOUD; SUPERSONIC TURBULENCE; DARK CLOUDS; DENSE CORES; STELLAR; EVOLUTION; ACCRETION; RADIATION; DYNAMICS AB Recent progress is reviewed in describing the physical processes of star cluster formation, from the viewpoint of theoretical models and numerical simulations. In many studies, supersonic turbulent flows structure the gas into a network of clumps, filaments, and cores. Self-gravity drives star formation, moderated by turbulence, magnetic fields, and stellar feedback. Recent models and simulations describe the core mass function, the protostar mass function, and the star-formation rate. Several simulations indicate similar protostar birthrates, a mass advantage for firstborn protostars, and accretion rates that are superthermal and nearly constant. Recently observed core-filament systems with sonic line widths and parsec lengths present challenges for turbulent models. C1 [Myers, Philip C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Myers, PC (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM pmyers@cfa.harvard.edu NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1743-9213 BN 978-1-107-13520-8 J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series PY 2016 VL 315 BP 130 EP 137 DI 10.1017/S1743921316007390 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BG2ZL UT WOS:000387795900108 ER PT S AU Saito, T Iono, D Ueda, J Yun, MS Nakanishi, K Sugai, H Imanishi, M Hagiwara, Y Kaneko, H Motohara, K Espada, D Yamashita, T Lee, M Michiyama, T Kawabe, R AF Saito, Toshiki Iono, Daisuke Ueda, Junko Yun, Min S. Nakanishi, Kouichiro Sugai, Hajime Imanishi, Masatoshi Hagiwara, Yoshiaki Kaneko, Hiroyuki Motohara, Kentaro Espada, Daniel Yamashita, Takuji Lee, Minju Michiyama, Tomonari Kawabe, Ryohei BE Jablonka, P Andre, P VanDerTak, F TI Molecular Gas Excitation and Chemistry in VV 114 and NGC 1614 with ALMA SO FROM INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS TO STAR-FORMING GALAXIES: UNIVERSAL PROCESSES? SE IAU Symposium Proceedings Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 315th Symposium of the International-Astronomical-Union CY AUG 03-07, 2015 CL Honolulu, HI SP Int Astronom Union, Ecole Polythechnique Federale Lausanne, Netherlands Inst Space Res, Commissariat Lenergie Atomique & Aux Energies Alternat DE Galaxies: interaction; Galaxies: starburst; ISM: molecules ID CENTRAL KILOPARSEC; EMISSION; VV-114 AB We present high resolution molecular line observations of dusty AGN and star burst in nearby luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs), VV 114 (band 3/4/7) and NGC 1614 (band 3/6/7/9), with ALMA. Multi-frequency imaging from 4.8 GHz to 691 GHz of NGC 1614 allows us to study spatial properties of the radio-to-FIR continuum and multiple CO transitions, and we find the CO excitation up to J(upp) = 6 can be explained by a single ISM model powered by nuclear starbursts. Our processing line imaging survey for VV 114 detected at least 30 molecular lines which show different chemical composition from region to region. Multi-molecule imaging helps us to diagnose the chemical differences of dusty ISM, while multi-transition imaging allows us to investigate gas physical conditions affected by nuclear activities directly. C1 [Saito, Toshiki; Lee, Minju; Kawabe, Ryohei] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1330033, Japan. [Saito, Toshiki; Iono, Daisuke; Ueda, Junko; Nakanishi, Kouichiro; Imanishi, Masatoshi; Kaneko, Hiroyuki; Lee, Minju; Michiyama, Tomonari; Kawabe, Ryohei] Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Iono, Daisuke; Nakanishi, Kouichiro; Imanishi, Masatoshi; Michiyama, Tomonari; Kawabe, Ryohei] SOKENDAI, Dept Astron Sci, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Ueda, Junko] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Yun, Min S.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Sugai, Hajime] Univ Tokyo, Kavli Inst Phys & Math Universe WPI, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 2778583, Japan. [Imanishi, Masatoshi] Subaru Telescope, 650 North Aohoku Pl, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Hagiwara, Yoshiaki] Toyo Univ, Nat Sci Lab, Bunkyo Ku, 5-28-20 Hakusan, Tokyo 1128606, Japan. [Kaneko, Hiroyuki] NAOJ, Nobeyama Radio Observ, Minamisa Ku, 462-2 Minamimaki, Minamimaki, Nagano 3841305, Japan. [Motohara, Kentaro] Univ Tokyo, Inst Astron, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1810015, Japan. [Espada, Daniel] Joint ALMA Observ, Alonso Cordova 3107,Casilla 19001, Santiago 19, Chile. [Yamashita, Takuji] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298510, Japan. RP Saito, T (reprint author), Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1330033, Japan.; Saito, T (reprint author), Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. EM toshiki.saito@nao.ac.jp NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1743-9213 BN 978-1-107-13520-8 J9 IAU SYMP P SERIES JI IAU Symposium Proc. Series PY 2016 VL 315 DI 10.1017/S1743921316008334 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BG2ZL UT WOS:000387795900071 ER PT B AU Staaterman, E AF Staaterman, Erica BE Au, WWL Lammers, MO TI Passive Acoustic Monitoring in Benthic Marine Crustaceans: A New Research Frontier SO LISTENING IN THE OCEAN: NEW DISCOVERIES AND INSIGHTS ON MARINE LIFE FROM AUTONOMOUS PASSIVE ACOUSTIC RECORDERS SE Modern Acoustics and Signal Processing LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOUND PRODUCTION; HEMISQUILLA-CALIFORNIENSIS; HABITATS; BEHAVIOR; LOBSTER; COMMUNITIES; DECAPODA; NOISE; REEF AB Passive acoustic monitoring has been used to study the soundscapes of some shallow-water coastal environments. These studies have revealed distinct patterns that depend upon the physical structure of the environment as well as the species living within it. One underrepresented group in marine bioacoustics is the benthic crustaceans, yet these animals are known to produce and detect sounds. Snapping shrimp are the most ubiquitous benthic crustacean, and their "snaps" can substantially elevate sound levels in the range of 2-15 kHz in a variety of habitats in the mid-latitudes. Clawed and spiny lobsters produce tonal vibrations and broadband "rasps," respectively, but these sounds occur more intermittently than the snapping shrimp choruses. Finally, burrow-dwelling mantis shrimp produce low-frequency rhythmic "rumbles" which tend to occur as dawn and dusk choruses. Passive acoustic monitoring of these taxa can be useful for revealing broad ecological patterns, by using some species (e. g., snapping shrimp) as ecological indicators. Acoustic measurements can reveal temporal patterns in crustacean sounds and detect species' occupancy of particular habitats. Finally, acoustic monitoring can demonstrate the temporal and frequency overlap between anthropogenic sounds and natural crustacean sounds, which can help refine research questions on potential impacts. C1 [Staaterman, Erica] Smithsonian Inst, Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Staaterman, Erica] Waves Inc, Syracuse, NY USA. RP Staaterman, E (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM e.staaterman@gmail.com NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-1-4939-3176-7; 978-1-4939-3175-0 J9 MOD ACOUST SIGN PROC PY 2016 BP 325 EP 333 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3176-7_13 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3176-7 PG 9 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Acoustics; Engineering; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BG4HX UT WOS:000388838600015 ER PT J AU Pellegrini, MOD Faden, RB de Almeida, RF AF de Oliveira Pellegrini, Marco Octavio Faden, Robert B. de Almeida, Rafael Felipe TI Taxonomic revision of Neotropical Murdannia Royle (Commelinaceae) SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Aquatic plants; Brazil; Commelinales; Commelineae; dewflower; Neotropical flora; spiderwort ID SEQUENCES AB This study provides a taxonomic revision for the Neotropical species of the genus Murdannia. Six species are recognized as native, including a new species and a new combination, while two Asian species are recognized as invasive. We present an identification key, a table summarizing the morphologic differences among the species, a new synonym, six lectotypifications, a distribution map, and descriptions, comments and photographic plates for each species. We also provide comments on the morphology of the Neotropical species of Murdannia, comparing them with the Paleotropical species, and a discussion of inflorescence architecture in the genus as a whole. C1 [de Oliveira Pellegrini, Marco Octavio] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Bot, Rua Matao 277, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [de Oliveira Pellegrini, Marco Octavio] Inst Pesquisas Jardim Bot Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leao 915, BR-22460030 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [de Oliveira Pellegrini, Marco Octavio; Faden, Robert B.] NMNH, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, MRC 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [de Almeida, Rafael Felipe] Univ Estadual Feira de Santana, Programa Posgrad Bot, Ave Transnordestina S-N, BR-44036900 Feira De Santana, BA, Brazil. RP Pellegrini, MOD (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Bot, Rua Matao 277, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.; Pellegrini, MOD (reprint author), Inst Pesquisas Jardim Bot Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leao 915, BR-22460030 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.; Pellegrini, MOD (reprint author), NMNH, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, MRC 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM marcooctavio.pellegrini@gmail.com OI de Almeida, Rafael Felipe/0000-0002-9562-9287 FU FAPESB [DEB BOL0584/2013]; CAPES; Fundacao Flora de Apoio a Botanica and Smithsonian Institution FX We would like to thank Mathias Erich Engels for all his support on field collections, spirits samples and photographs of Commelinaceae from Central-Western Brazil. We would also like to thank Mark T. Strong for revising the English and making suggestions for the improvement of this manuscript; Luana Silva Braucks Calazans for suggestions on an early version of the manuscript; and Isa Lucia de Morais Resende, Mateo Fernandez, Suzana Neves Moreira, William Milliken, William Vargas, and Vinicius Castro Souza for the beautiful field photos. Finally, the authors would like to thank all the curators and staff from the cited herbaria, especially Ranee Prakash and Sandra Knapp (Natural History Museum of London), Martin Xanthos (Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew), and Subir Bandyopadhyay and Parigi Prasanna (Botanical Survey of India) for all the help finding the needed specimens. RFA thanks FAPESB (DEB BOL0584/2013) for his Ph.D. scholarship. MOOP thanks CAPES for his Master scholarship granted from 2013-2015 (UFRJ) and for his current Ph.D. scholarship (USP), besides Fundacao Flora de Apoio a Botanica and Smithsonian Institution for his REFLORA grant. This study was carried out as part of the first author's Ph.D. degree in Botany at Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Botanica, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2016 VL 74 BP 35 EP 78 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.74.9835 PG 44 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA ED3EA UT WOS:000388731000003 ER PT S AU Batista-Navarro, R Hammock, J Ulate, W Ananiadou, S AF Batista-Navarro, Riza Hammock, Jennifer Ulate, William Ananiadou, Sophia BE Fuhr, N Kovacs, L Risse, T Nejdl, W TI A Text Mining Framework for Accelerating the Semantic Curation of Literature SO RESEARCH AND ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY FOR DIGITAL LIBRARIES, TPDL 2016 SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries (TPDL) CY SEP 05-09, 2016 CL Hannover, GERMANY SP Elsevier B V, Ex Libris, L3S Res Ctr, German Natl Lib Sci & Technol AB The Biodiversity Heritage Library is the world's largest digital library of biodiversity literature. Currently containing almost 40 million pages, the library can be explored with a search interface employing keyword-matching, which unfortunately fails to address issues brought about by ambiguity. Helping alleviate these issues are tools that automatically attach semantic metadata to documents, e.g., biodiversity concept recognisers. However, gold standard, semantically annotated textual corpora are critical for the development of these advanced tools. In the biodiversity domain, such corpora are almost non-existent especially since the construction of semantically annotated resources is typically a time-consuming and laborious process. Aiming to accelerate the development of a corpus of biodiversity documents, we propose a text mining framework that hastens curation through an iterative feedback-loop process of (1) manual annotation, and (2) training and application of statistical concept recognition models. Even after only a few iterations, our curators were observed to have spent less time and effort on annotation. C1 [Batista-Navarro, Riza; Ananiadou, Sophia] Univ Manchester, Sch Comp Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Hammock, Jennifer] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Ulate, William] Missouri Bot Garden, St Louis, MO USA. RP Batista-Navarro, R (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Comp Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. EM riza.batista@manchester.ac.uk OI Hammock, Jennifer/0000-0002-9943-2342 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-43997-6; 978-3-319-43996-9 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2016 VL 9819 BP 459 EP 462 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-43997-6_44 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA BG4OK UT WOS:000389021000044 ER PT S AU Evans, IN Budynkiewicz, JA Evans, JD Miller, JB Onyuksel, C Paxson, C Plummer, DA AF Evans, Ian N. Budynkiewicz, Jamie A. Evans, Janet DePonte Miller, Joseph B. Onyuksel, Cem Paxson, Charles Plummer, David A. BE Chiozzi, G Guzman, JC TI Software requirements flow-down and preliminary software design for the G-CLEF spectrograph SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy IV CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE G-CLEF; GMT; instrument control software; data reduction pipelines; requirements analysis; software design process ID SPECTROSCOPY; EXTRACTION AB The Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT)-Consortium Large Earth Finder (G-CLEF) is a fiber-fed, precision radial velocity (PRV) optical echelle spectrograph that will be the first light instrument on the GMT. The G-CLEF instrument device control subsystem (IDCS) provides software control of the instrument hardware, including the active feedback loops that are required to meet the G-CLEF PRV stability requirements. The IDCS is also tasked with providing operational support packages that include data reduction pipelines and proposal preparation tools. A formal, but ultimately pragmatic approach is being used to establish a complete and correct set of requirements for both the G-CLEF device control and operational support packages. The device control packages must integrate tightly with the state-machine driven software and controls reference architecture designed by the GMT Organization. A model-based systems engineering methodology is being used to develop a preliminary design that meets these requirements. Through this process we have identified some lessons that have general applicability to the development of software for ground-based instrumentation. For example, tasking an individual with overall responsibility for science/software/hardware integration is a key step to ensuring effective integration between these elements. An operational concept document that includes detailed routine and non routine operational sequences should be prepared in parallel with the hardware design process to tie together these elements and identify any gaps. Appropriate time-phasing of the hardware and software design phases is important, but revisions to driving requirements that impact software requirements and preliminary design are inevitable. Such revisions must be carefully managed to ensure efficient use of resources. C1 [Evans, Ian N.; Budynkiewicz, Jamie A.; Evans, Janet DePonte; Miller, Joseph B.; Onyuksel, Cem; Paxson, Charles; Plummer, David A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS-81, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Evans, IN (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS-81, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM ievans@cfa.harvard.edu NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0205-2; 978-1-5106-0206-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9913 AR UNSP 99131Q DI 10.1117/12.2232163 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Engineering; Optics GA BG4GJ UT WOS:000388804600059 ER PT S AU Jenkins, JM Twicken, JD McCauliff, S Campbell, J Sanderfer, D Lung, D Mansouri-Samani, M Girouard, F Tenenbaum, P Klaus, T Smith, JC Caldwell, DA Chacon, AD Henze, C Heiges, C Latham, DW Morgan, E Swade, D Rinehart, S Vanderspek, R AF Jenkins, Jon M. Twicken, Joseph D. McCauliff, Sean Campbell, Jennifer Sanderfer, Dwight Lung, David Mansouri-Samani, Masoud Girouard, Forrest Tenenbaum, Peter Klaus, Todd Smith, Jeffrey C. Caldwell, Douglas A. Chacon, A. Dean Henze, Christopher Heiges, Cory Latham, David W. Morgan, Edward Swade, Daryl Rinehart, Stephen Vanderspek, Roland BE Chiozzi, G Guzman, JC TI The TESS Science Processing Operations Center SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy IV CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE transit photometry; science pipelines; TESS mission; exoplanets; high performance computing AB The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) will conduct a search for Earth's closest cousins starting in early 2018 and is expected to discover similar to 1,000 small planets with R-p < 4 R circle plus and measure the masses of at least 50 of these small worlds. The Science Processing Operations Center (SPOC) is being developed at NASA Ames Research Center based on the Kepler science pipeline and will generate calibrated pixels and light curves on the NASA Advanced Supercomputing Division's Pleiades supercomputer. The SPOC will also search for periodic transit events and generate validation products for the transit-like features in the light curves. All TESS SPOC data products will be archived to the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). C1 [Jenkins, Jon M.; Sanderfer, Dwight; Henze, Christopher] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Twicken, Joseph D.; Tenenbaum, Peter; Smith, Jeffrey C.; Caldwell, Douglas A.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, SETI Inst, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [McCauliff, Sean; Campbell, Jennifer] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Wyle Labs, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Lung, David; Chacon, A. Dean] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Millenium Engn, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Mansouri-Samani, Masoud; Klaus, Todd] SGT Inc, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Girouard, Forrest] Logyx LLC, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Heiges, Cory] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Gen Dynam, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Latham, David W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Morgan, Edward; Vanderspek, Roland] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Swade, Daryl] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Rinehart, Stephen] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Jenkins, JM (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM jon.m.jenkins@nasa.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0205-2; 978-1-5106-0206-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9913 AR UNSP 99133E DI 10.1117/12.2233418 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Engineering; Optics GA BG4GJ UT WOS:000388804600111 ER PT S AU Patel, NA Nishioka, H Huang, CWL AF Patel, Nimesh A. Nishioka, Hiroaki Huang, Chih-Wei Locutus BE Chiozzi, G Guzman, JC TI Control and monitoring software for the Greenland Telescope SO SOFTWARE AND CYBERINFRASTRUCTURE FOR ASTRONOMY IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Software and Cyberinfrastructure for Astronomy IV CY JUN 26-30, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Radio telescopes; Control software; Pointing calibration ID PROJECT AB The Greenland Telescope (GLT) is a 12m diameter antenna that is being developed from the ALMA North America prototype antenna, for VLBI observations and single-dish science approaching THz, at the Summit station in Greenland. The GLT is a collaboration between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics. We describe the control and monitoring software that is being developed for GLT. The present version of the software is ready for the initial tests of the antenna at Thule, including optical and radio pointing calibration, holography, and VLBI observations at 230 GHz. C1 [Patel, Nimesh A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Nishioka, Hiroaki; Huang, Chih-Wei Locutus] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Patel, NA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM npatel@cfa.harvard.edu NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0205-2; 978-1-5106-0206-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9913 AR UNSP 991308 DI 10.1117/12.2232409 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Engineering; Optics GA BG4GJ UT WOS:000388804600007 ER PT J AU Schwartz, GE Redfern, LK Ikuma, K Gunsch, CK Ruhl, LS Vengosh, A Hsu-Kim, H AF Schwartz, Grace E. Redfern, Lauren K. Ikuma, Kaoru Gunsch, Claudia K. Ruhl, Laura S. Vengosh, Avner Hsu-Kim, Heileen TI Impacts of coal ash on methylmercury production and the methylating microbial community in anaerobic sediment slurries SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS LA English DT Article ID FRESH-WATER SEDIMENTS; MERCURY METHYLATION; FLORIDA EVERGLADES; ORGANIC-MATTER; POWER-PLANTS; GENE HGCA; SULFIDE; BIOAVAILABILITY; MICROORGANISMS; MECHANISMS AB Mercury (Hg) associated with coal ash is an environmental concern, particularly if the release of coal ash to the environment is associated with the conversion of inorganic Hg to methylmercury (MeHg), a bioaccumulative form of Hg that is produced by anaerobic microorganisms. In this study, sediment slurry microcosm experiments were performed to understand how spilled coal ash might influence MeHg production in anaerobic sediments of an aquatic ecosystem. Two coal ash types were used: (1) a weathered coal ash; and (2) a freshly collected, unweathered fly ash that was relatively enriched in sulfate and Hg compared to the weathered ash. These ash samples were added to anaerobic sediment slurries constructed with a relatively pristine sediment (containing 0.03 mg kg(-1) Hg) and a Hg-contaminated sediment (containing 0.29 mg kg(-1) Hg). The results of these experiments showed negligible net production of MeHg in microcosms with no ash and in microcosms amended with the low sulfate/low Hg ash. In contrast, slurry microcosms amended with high sulfate/high Hg ash showed increases in total MeHg content that was 2 to 3 times greater than control microcosms without ash (p < 0.001). 16S amplicon sequencing of microbial communities in the slurries indicated that the coal ash addition generally increased the relative abundance of the methylating microbial community, including sulfate-reducing bacteria and iron-reducing bacteria species that are known to be efficient methylators of Hg. The stimulation of these microorganisms was likely caused by the release of substrates (sulfate and Fe) originating from the ash. Overall, the results highlight the need to incorporate both environmental parameters and coal ash characteristics into risk assessments that guide coal ash management and disposal. C1 [Schwartz, Grace E.; Redfern, Lauren K.; Gunsch, Claudia K.; Hsu-Kim, Heileen] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 121 Hudson Hall, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Ikuma, Kaoru] Iowa State Univ, Dept Civil Construct & Environm Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ruhl, Laura S.] Univ Arkansas Little Rock, Dept Earth Sci, Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA. [Vengosh, Avner] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Div Earth & Ocean Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Schwartz, Grace E.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Hsu-Kim, H (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 121 Hudson Hall, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM hsukim@duke.edu RI Hsu-Kim, Heileen/A-5409-2008; OI Hsu-Kim, Heileen/0000-0003-0675-4308; Ikuma, Kaoru/0000-0003-3715-7821; Gunsch, Claudia/0000-0002-8555-0313 FU Oak Ridge Associated Universities; National Science Foundation [CBET-1235661, OISE-1243433]; Environmental Research and Education Foundation FX We thank the Tennessee Valley Authority, Restoration Services Inc., and Environmental Standards Inc. for their assistance with field sampling. We thank Wenjie Sun and Morton Barlaz for the total sulfate measurements in coal ash. We also thank Neil Carriker, Rock Vitale, Kaitlyn Porter, and Tong Zhang for their assistance. This work was supported with grants from the Oak Ridge Associated Universities and the National Science Foundation (CBET-1235661 and OISE-1243433). G. Schwartz was also supported by a doctoral scholarship from the Environmental Research and Education Foundation. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7887 EI 2050-7895 J9 ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP JI Environ. Sci.-Process Impacts PY 2016 VL 18 IS 11 BP 1427 EP 1439 DI 10.1039/c6em00458j PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EC9MV UT WOS:000388469600006 PM 27722355 ER PT B AU Ubelaker, DH AF Ubelaker, Douglas H. BE Siegel, JA TI Forensic Chemistry Series preface SO FORENSIC CHEMISTRY: FUNDAMENTALS AND APPLICATIONS SE Forensic Science in Focus LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Ubelaker, Douglas H.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Ubelaker, DH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 978-1-118-89773-7; 978-1-118-89772-0 J9 FORENSIC SCI FOC PY 2016 BP XV EP XV PG 1 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Medicine, Legal SC Chemistry; Legal Medicine GA BF8UG UT WOS:000385233400001 ER PT J AU Mossbrucker, AM Fleming, CH Imron, MA Pudyatmoko, S Sumardi AF Mossbrucker, Alexander Markus Fleming, Christen H. Imron, Muhammad Ali Pudyatmoko, Satyawan Sumardi TI AKDE(C) home range size and habitat selection of Sumatran elephants SO WILDLIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE area-corrected autocorrelated kernel density estimation; Asian elephant; Bukit Tigapuluh; elephant conservation; Elephas maximus sumatranus; habitat preference; movement behaviour; ranging behaviour; resource selection ID FRAGMENTED RAIN-FOREST; ASIAN ELEPHANT; RESOURCE USE; CONSERVATION; MOVEMENT; MAXIMUS; POPULATION; DISPERSAL; LANDSCAPE; TELEMETRY AB Context. Understanding ranging behaviour and habitat selection of threatened species is crucial for the development of conservation strategies and the design of conservation areas. Our understanding of the actual needs of the critically endangered Sumatran elephant in this context is insufficient. Aims. Provide reliable subspecies-specific information on home range size and habitat selection of Sumatran elephants. Methods. Using both the new area-corrected autocorrelated kernel density estimation (AKDE(C)) and two commonly applied conventional methods, the home range sizes of nine Sumatran elephants were estimated. Elephant habitat selection was studied using Manly's selection ratios. Key results. AKDE(C) home ranges of adults ranged from 275 km(2) to 1352 km(2). Estimates obtained using conventional KDE and minimum convex polygon (MCP) ranged between 156 km(2) and 997 km(2). Overall habitat selection was significant for both slope and land-cover type, whereas individual preferences varied to some extent. On the basis of global selection ratios, we found natural forest, pulpwood plantations and gentle slopes (<= 4 degrees) to be significantly selected, whereas most areas affected by human activities and steeper slopes were avoided by the majority of animals included in the study. Conclusions. As expected, AKDE(C) estimates were much larger than those obtained using conventional methods because conventional methods have a tendency to underestimate home range size when confronted with autocorrelated movement data and produce estimates that refer to the limited study period only, whereas AKDE(C) estimates include the predicted animal's long-term space use. The extremely large AKDE(C) estimate obtained for a subadult male most likely represents a combination of population dispersal range and temporary home range rather than its final adult home range. Regardless, it appears that Sumatran elephants roam over much larger areas than previously assumed. Natural forests and relatively flat areas are of great importance for Sumatran elephants. The observed intensive use of pulpwood plantations by one individual is likely because of limited availability of alternative suitable habitats. Implications. Alandscape-wide approach to elephant conservation that takes large home ranges into account, is required, and should include forest protection and restoration and elephant friendly management of existing pulpwood concessions, with special focus on areas with relatively gentle slopes. C1 [Mossbrucker, Alexander Markus; Imron, Muhammad Ali; Pudyatmoko, Satyawan; Sumardi] UGM, Fac Forestry, Jl Agro 1 Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia. [Mossbrucker, Alexander Markus] Frankfurt Zool Soc, Bernhard Grzimek Allee 1, D-60316 Frankfurt, Germany. [Fleming, Christen H.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Fleming, Christen H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Mossbrucker, AM (reprint author), UGM, Fac Forestry, Jl Agro 1 Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.; Mossbrucker, AM (reprint author), Frankfurt Zool Soc, Bernhard Grzimek Allee 1, D-60316 Frankfurt, Germany. EM islandelephants@gmail.com FU USA Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS); International Elephant Project (IEP); Perth Zoo (Western Australia); Disney Conservation Fund FX We thank the USA Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS), the International Elephant Project (IEP), Perth Zoo (Western Australia), and the Disney Conservation Fund for financial support, the Veterinary Society for Sumatran Wildlife Conservation (VESSWIC) for partial support of veterinary drugs and consumables, Setiabudi and the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Indonesia for providing land-cover data, and Dr Martin Wikelski (Max Planck Institute for Ornithology) for donating a GPS collar. We are grateful to the Indonesian State Ministry of Research and Technology (RISTEK) and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry for granting permits for our research and to the department of Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystem (Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam dan Ekosistem (KSDAE), formerly BKSDA) for their kind support of field work. We are very thankful to Christopher Stremme, Nazaruddin and Hidayat for their invaluable support of elephant collaring and to Dr Kamran Safi for valuable advice concerning movement-data analysis. Further, the authors thank Dr Amanda Fernie for carefully reviewing of the English and two anonymous reviewers and the editor team of Wildlife Research for their valuable comments and suggestions on the manuscript. Special thanks go to Leif Cocks and Kylie Bullo (The Orangutan Project, TOP, and IEP) and to Dr Peter-Hinrich Pratje and the entire team of Frankfurt Zoological Society (FZS) for their enthusiastic and wide-ranging support. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1035-3712 EI 1448-5494 J9 WILDLIFE RES JI Wildl. Res. PY 2016 VL 43 IS 7 BP 566 EP 575 DI 10.1071/WR16069 PG 10 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA EC9CG UT WOS:000388440700004 ER PT J AU Ashworth, AC Erwin, TL AF Ashworth, Allan C. Erwin, Terry L. TI Antarctotrechus balli sp n. (Carabidae, Trechini): the first ground beetle from Antarctica SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Trechini; Carabidae; Antarctica; Miocene ID PLIOCENE SIRIUS GROUP; TRANSANTARCTIC MOUNTAINS; MIDDLE MIOCENE; COLEOPTERA; MARINE; LEAVES; RANGE AB Fossil elytra of a small trechine carabid are reported from the Oliver Bluffs on the Beardmore Glacier at lat. 85 degrees S. They were compared with counterparts from the extant genera Trechisibus, Tasmanorites, Oxytrechus and Pseudocnides. The fossils share some characters but are sufficiently different to be described as a new genus and species. We named the new species Antarctotrechus balli in honour of George E. Ball who made major contributions to the study of carabids through his own research and the training of students while at the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The closest extant relatives to the extinct A. balli are species of Trechisibus, which inhabit South America, the Falkland Islands and South Georgia, and Tasmanorites, which inhabit Tasmania, Australia. Plant fossils associated with A. balli included Nothofagus (southern beech), Ranunculus (buttercup), moss mats and cushion plants that were part of a tundra biome. Collectively, the stratigraphic relationships and the growth characteristics of the fossil plants indicate that A. balli inhabited the sparsely-vegetated banks of a stream that was part of an outwash plain at the head of a fjord in the Transantarctic Mountains. Other insects represented by fossils in the tundra biome include a listroderine weevil and a cyclorrhaphan fly. The age of the fossils, based on comparison of associated pollen with Ar-40/Ar-39 dated pollen assemblages from the McMurdo Dry Valleys, is probably Early to Mid-Miocene in the range 14-20 Ma. The tundra biome, including A. balli, became extinct in the interior of Antarctica about 14 Ma and on the margins of the continent by 10-13 Ma. A. balli confirms that trechines were once widely distributed in Gondwana. For A. balli and other elements of the tundra biome it appears they continued to inhabit a warmer Antarctica for many millions of years after rifting of Tasmania (45 Ma) and southern South America (31 Ma). C1 [Ashworth, Allan C.] North Dakota State Univ, Dept Geosci, Quaternary Entomol Lab, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Erwin, Terry L.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Hyper Divers Grp, Dept Entomol, MRC 187,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Ashworth, AC (reprint author), North Dakota State Univ, Dept Geosci, Quaternary Entomol Lab, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM allan.ashworth@ndsu.edu FU NSF [9615252, 0947821] FX We extend hearty thanks to Karolyn Darrow of the Department of Entomology at the Smithsonian Institution for elytron images and outline drawings of adults of extant three species of Trechisibus. We also warmly thank David Maddison for assistance in understanding the southern trechine complexity. ACA acknowledges the logistics support of the US Antarctic program for the field study on the Beardmore Glacier and colleagues who assisted in the field study: David Cantrill, Jane Francis, Forrest McCarthy, Marty Reed and Steve Roof. The research was supported by NSF grants 9615252 and 0947821. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 635 BP 109 EP 122 DI 10.3897/zookeys.635.10535 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA ED0BV UT WOS:000388508900006 PM 27917060 ER PT S AU Zych, M Pikovski, I Costa, F Brukner, C AF Zych, M. Pikovski, I. Costa, F. Brukner, C. BE Riehle, F TI General relativistic effects in quantum interference of "clocks" SO 8TH SYMPOSIUM ON FREQUENCY STANDARDS AND METROLOGY 2015 SE Journal of Physics Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th Symposium on Frequency Standards and Metrology CY OCT 12-16, 2015 CL Potsdam, GERMANY SP Physikalisch Technische Bundesanstalt, Helmholtz Fonds e V, Natl Inst Standards & Technol, First TF, Observ Paris, Ctr Natl Rech Sci, Lab Natl Metrologie & Dessais, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft ID WORLD ATOMIC CLOCKS; NEUTRON INTERFEROMETER; TIME GAINS; 4TH TEST; WAVE; DECOHERENCE; MOLECULES; EVOLUTION; GRAVITY; WITNESS AB Quantum mechanics and general relativity have been each successfully tested in numerous experiments. However, the regime where both theories are jointly required to explain physical phenomena remains untested by laboratory experiments, and is also not fully understood by theory. This contribution reviews recent ideas for a new type of experiments: quantum interference of "clocks", which aim to test novel quantum effects that arise from time dilation. "Clock" interference experiments could be realised with atoms or photons in near future laboratory experiments. C1 [Zych, M.; Costa, F.] Univ Queensland, Ctr Engn Quantum Syst, Sch Math & Phys, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [Pikovski, I.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Pikovski, I.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brukner, C.] Austrian Acad Sci, Inst Quantum Opt & Quantum Informat, Boltzmanngasse 3, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. [Brukner, C.] Univ Vienna, Fac Phys, Boltzmanngasse 5, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. RP Zych, M (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Ctr Engn Quantum Syst, Sch Math & Phys, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. EM m.zych@uq.edu.au RI Costa, Fabio/G-3746-2014; Zych, Magdalena/G-4007-2014; OI Costa, Fabio/0000-0002-6547-6005; Zych, Magdalena/0000-0002-8356-7613; Pikovski, Igor/0000-0002-9441-2553 NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1742-6588 J9 J PHYS CONF SER PY 2016 VL 723 AR UNSP 012044 DI 10.1088/1742-6596/723/1/012044 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA BG2YF UT WOS:000387774800044 ER PT S AU Baldwin, D Szentgyorgyi, A Barnes, S Bean, J Ben-Ami, S Brennan, P Budynkiewicz, J Chun, MY Conroy, C Crane, JD Epps, H Evans, I Evans, J Foster, J Frebel, A Gauron, T Guzman, D Hare, T Jang, BH Jang, JG Jordan, A Kim, J Kim, KM de Oliveira, CM Lopez-Morales, M McCracken, K McMuldroch, S Miller, J Mueller, M Oh, JS Ordway, M Park, BG Park, C Park, SJ Paxson, C Phillips, D Plummer, D Podgorski, W Seifahrt, A Stark, D Steiner, J Uomoto, A Walsworth, R Yu, YS AF Baldwin, Dan Szentgyorgyi, Andrew Barnes, Stuart Bean, Jacob Ben-Ami, Sagi Brennan, Patricia Budynkiewicz, Jamie Chun, Moo-Young Conroy, Charlie Crane, Jeffrey D. Epps, Harland Evans, Ian Evans, Janet Foster, Jeff Frebel, Anna Gauron, Thomas Guzman, Dani Hare, Tyson Jang, Bi-Ho Jang, Jeong-Gyun Jordan, Andres Kim, Jihun Kim, Kang-Min de Oliveira, Claudia Mendes Lopez-Morales, Mercedes McCracken, Kenneth McMuldroch, Stuart Miller, Joseph Mueller, Mark Oh, Jae Sok Ordway, Mark Park, Byeong-Gon Park, Chan Park, Sung-Joon Paxson, Charles Phillips, David Plummer, David Podgorski, William Seifahrt, Andreas Stark, Daniel Steiner, Joao Uomoto, Alan Walsworth, Ronald Yu, Young-Sam BE Navarro, R Burge, JH TI Advanced Structural Design for Precision Radial Velocity Instruments SO ADVANCES IN OPTICAL AND MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in Optical and Mechanical Technologies for Telescopes and Instrumentation II CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, UNITED KINGDOM SP SPIE DE Echelle spectrograph; precision radial velocity; G -CLEF; GMT; composite optical bench; thermal stability; mechanical stability; low CIE AB The GMT-Consortium Large Earth Finder (G-CLEF) is an echelle spectrograph with precision radial velocity (PRV) capability that will be a first light instrument for the Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT). G-CLEF has a PRV precision goal of 40 cm/sec (10 cm/s for multiple measurements) to enable detection of Earth-like exoplanets in the habitable zones of sun-like stars'. This precision is a primary driver of G-CLEF's structural design. Extreme stability is necessary to minimize image motions at the CCD detectors. Minute changes in temperature, pressure, and acceleration environments cause structural deformations, inducing image motions which degrade PRV precision. The instrument's structural design will ensure that the PRV goal is achieved under the environments G-CLEF will be subjected to as installed on the GMT azimuth platform, including: Millikelvin (0.001 K) thermal soaks and gradients 10 millibar changes in ambient pressure Changes in acceleration due to instrument tip/tilt and telescope slewing Carbon fiber/cyanate composite was selected for the optical bench structure in order to meet performance goals. Low coefficient of thermal expansion (C 1E) and high stiffness-to-weight are key features of the composite optical bench design. Manufacturability and serviceability of the instrument are also drivers of the design. In this paper, we discuss analyses leading to technical choices made to minimize G-CLEF's sensitivity to changing environments. Finite element analysis (FEA) and image motion sensitivity studies were conducted to determine PRV performance under operational environments. We discuss the design of the optical bench structure to optimize stiffness to -weight and minimize deformations due to inertial and pressure effects. We also discuss quasi-kinematic mounting of optical elements and assemblies, and optimization of these to ensure minimal image motion under thermal, pressure, and inertial loads expected during PRV observations. C1 [Baldwin, Dan; Szentgyorgyi, Andrew; Barnes, Stuart; Ben-Ami, Sagi; Brennan, Patricia; Budynkiewicz, Jamie; Conroy, Charlie; Evans, Ian; Evans, Janet; Foster, Jeff; Gauron, Thomas; Lopez-Morales, Mercedes; McCracken, Kenneth; McMuldroch, Stuart; Miller, Joseph; Mueller, Mark; Ordway, Mark; Paxson, Charles; Phillips, David; Plummer, David; Podgorski, William; Walsworth, Ronald] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. [Stark, Daniel] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 North Cherry St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Crane, Jeffrey D.; Hare, Tyson; Uomoto, Alan] Carnegie Inst Sci, 813 Santa Barbara St, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Guzman, Dani; Jordan, Andres] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile. [Bean, Jacob] Univ Chicago, 640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Chun, Moo-Young; Jang, Bi-Ho; Jang, Jeong-Gyun; Kim, Jihun; Kim, Kang-Min; Oh, Jae Sok; Park, Byeong-Gon; Park, Chan; Park, Sung-Joon; Yu, Young-Sam] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst KASI, 776 Daedeokdae Ro, Daejeon, South Korea. [Frebel, Anna] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Epps, Harland] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Univ Calif Observ, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [de Oliveira, Claudia Mendes; Steiner, Joao] Univ Sao Paolo, Rua Matao 1226, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Baldwin, D (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02140 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0203-8; 978-1-5106-0204-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9912 AR UNSP 99123I DI 10.1117/12.2235250 PN 1 PG 16 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2XH UT WOS:000387747900106 ER PT S AU Goble, W Ortiz, R AF Goble, William Ortiz, Ricardo BE Navarro, R Burge, JH TI Characterization of an integrally wound tungsten and aluminum filament for physical vapor deposition SO ADVANCES IN OPTICAL AND MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in Optical and Mechanical Technologies for Telescopes and Instrumentation II CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, UNITED KINGDOM SP SPIE DE physical vapor deposition; aluminization; tungsten filament; MMT Observatory AB As part of the effort to increase the reliability of the MMT Observatory (MMTO) 6.5m Primary Mirror Coating System, the specified filament has changed from a configuration in which the aluminum charge is hand wound around a tungsten filament to a configuration in which the aluminum is integrally wound with the tungsten at the time of filament manufacture. In the MMTO configuration, this filament consists of the three strands of tungsten wire and one strand of aluminum wire. In preparation of a full system test utilizing two hundred filaments fired simultaneously, an extensive testing program was undertaken to characterize these filaments using a four filament configuration in the MMTO small coating chamber (0.5m) and then a forty filament configuration in the University of Arizona Steward Observatory coating chamber (2m). The testing using the smaller coating chambers has shown these filaments provide very predicable coatings from test to test, and with the proper heating profile, these filaments greatly reduce the likelihood of aluminum drips. The initial filament design was modified during the course of testing by shortening the unwound filament length to closer match the aluminum load required in the MMTO coating chamber. This change increased the aluminum deposition rates without increasing the power delivered of the filament power supplies (commercial welders). Filament power levels measured at the vacuum chamber feedthroughs, currents, and deposition rates from multiple coating tests, including a full system test, are presented. C1 [Goble, William; Ortiz, Ricardo] Univ Arizona, MMT Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Goble, William; Ortiz, Ricardo] Smithsonian Inst, MMT Observ, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Goble, William; Ortiz, Ricardo] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Goble, W (reprint author), Univ Arizona, MMT Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.; Goble, W (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, MMT Observ, Washington, DC 20560 USA.; Goble, W (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM wgoble@mmto.org NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0203-8; 978-1-5106-0204-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9912 AR UNSP 991238 DI 10.1117/12.2233637 PN 1 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2XH UT WOS:000387747900097 ER PT S AU Phillips, DF Glenday, AG Dumusque, X Buchschacher, N Cameron, AC Cecconi, M Charbonneau, D Cosentino, R Ghedina, A Haywood, R Latham, DW Li, CH Lodi, M Lovis, C Molinari, E Pepe, F Sasselov, D Szentgyorgyi, A Udry, S Walsworth, RL AF Phillips, David F. Glenday, Alex G. Dumusque, Xavier Buchschacher, Nicolas Cameron, Andrew Collier Cecconi, Massimo Charbonneau, David Cosentino, Rosario Ghedina, Adriano Haywood, Raphaelle Latham, David W. Li, Chih-Hao Lodi, Marcello Lovis, Christophe Molinari, Emilio Pepe, Francesco Sasselov, Dimitar Szentgyorgyi, Andrew Udry, Stephane Walsworth, Ronald L. BE Navarro, R Burge, JH TI An astro-comb calibrated solar telescope to search for the radial velocity signature of Venus SO ADVANCES IN OPTICAL AND MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION II SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advances in Optical and Mechanical Technologies for Telescopes and Instrumentation II CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, UNITED KINGDOM SP SPIE ID LASER FREQUENCY COMB; HARPS-N; ASTROPHYSICAL SPECTROGRAPH; SUN; PLANET; SYSTEM; STAR; SDO AB We recently demonstrated sub-m/s sensitivity in measuring the radial velocity (RV) between the Earth and Sun using a simple solar telescope feeding the HARPS-N spectrograph at the Italian National Telescope, which is calibrated with a green astro-comb. We are using the solar telescope to characterize the effects of stellar (solar) RV jitter due to activity on the solar surface with the goal of detecting the solar RV signal from Venus, thereby demonstrating the sensitivity of these instruments to detect true Earth-twin exoplanets. C1 [Phillips, David F.; Charbonneau, David; Haywood, Raphaelle; Latham, David W.; Sasselov, Dimitar; Szentgyorgyi, Andrew; Walsworth, Ronald L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Glenday, Alex G.] Komodo Hlth Inc, New York, NY USA. [Dumusque, Xavier; Buchschacher, Nicolas; Lovis, Christophe; Pepe, Francesco; Udry, Stephane] Observ Geneva, 51 Ch Maillettes, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland. [Cameron, Andrew Collier] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Cecconi, Massimo; Cosentino, Rosario; Ghedina, Adriano; Lodi, Marcello; Molinari, Emilio] INAF Fdn Galileo Galilei, Rambla Jose Ana Fernandez Perez 7, E-38712 Brena Baja, Spain. [Li, Chih-Hao] AOSense Inc, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA. [Molinari, Emilio] INAF IASF Milano, Via Bassini 15, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RP Phillips, DF (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM dphil@cfa.harvard.edu NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0203-8; 978-1-5106-0204-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9912 AR UNSP 99126Z PN 1 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BG2XH UT WOS:000387747900208 ER PT B AU Wulff, J AF Wulff, Janie BE Hubbard, DK Rogers, CS Lipps, JH Stanley, GD TI Sponge Contributions to the Geology and Biology of Reefs: Past, Present, and Future SO CORAL REEFS AT THE CROSSROADS SE Coral Reefs of the World LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Sponges; Reef-building; Reef restoration and repair; Water column filtering; Positive ecosystem roles of sponges on coral reefs ID DEMOSPONGE CLIONA-ORIENTALIS; CARIBBEAN CORAL-REEF; TERPIOS-HOSHINOTA SUBERITIDAE; GIANT BARREL SPONGE; MARINE SPONGES; EXCAVATING SPONGE; MORPHOLOGICAL STRATEGIES; ECOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS; BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOTS; XESTOSPONGIA-MUTA AB Histories of sponges and reefs have been intertwined from the beginning. Paleozoic and Mesozoic sponges generated solid building blocks, and constructed reefs in collaboration with microbes and other encrusting organisms. During the Cenozoic, sponges on reefs have assumed various accessory geological roles, including adhering living corals to the reef frame, protecting solid biogenic carbonate from bioeroders, generating sediment and weakening corals by eroding solid substrate, and consolidating loose rubble to facilitate coral recruitment and reef recovery after physical disturbance. These many influences of sponges on substratum stability, and on coral survival and recruitment, blur distinctions between geological vs. biological roles. Biological roles of sponges on modern reefs include highly efficient filtering of bacteria-sized plankton from the water column, harboring of hundreds of species of animal and plant symbionts, influencing seawater chemistry in conjunction with their diverse microbial symbionts, and serving as food for charismatic megafauna. Sponges may have been playing these roles for hundreds of millions of years, but the meager fossil record of soft-bodied sponges impedes historical analysis. Sponges are masters of intrigue. They play roles that cannot be observed directly and then vanish without a trace, thereby thwarting understanding of their roles in the absence of carefully controlled manipulative experiments and time-series observations. Sponges are more heterogeneous than corals in their ecological requirements and vulnerabilities. Serious misinterpretations have resulted from over-generalizing from a few conspicuous species to the thousands of coral-reef sponge species, representing over twenty orders in three classes, and a great variety of body plans and relationships to corals and solid carbonate substrata. Dynamics of living sponges are difficult to document because most sponges heal after partial mortality and vanish quickly after death. Thus observations of localized increases or overgrowths of corals by a few unusual sponge species have led to recent assertions that sponges are in the process of overwhelming coral reefs. However, a consistent pattern of high mortality in the few long-term census studies done on full assemblages suggests that, perhaps for the first time in their long history, sponges may actually be unable to keep up with changes in the sea. Diminished sponge populations could have profound consequences, many of them negative, for corals and coral reefs. C1 [Wulff, Janie] Florida State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32303 USA. [Wulff, Janie] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Wulff, J (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32303 USA.; Wulff, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. EM wulff@bio.fsu.edu NR 197 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-94-017-7567-0; 978-94-017-7565-6 J9 CORAL REEFS WORLD PY 2016 VL 6 BP 103 EP 126 DI 10.1007/978-94-017-7567-0_5 D2 10.1007/978-94-017-7567-0 PG 24 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA BG3NC UT WOS:000388077200006 ER PT J AU Mirbach, CE Brandl, SJ AF Mirbach, Christopher E. Brandl, Simon J. TI Ontogenetic shifts in the social behaviour of pairing coral reef rabbitfishes (Siganidae) SO MARINE BIOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Herbivory; juvenile reef fish; mixed-species pair; pair formation; rabbitfish; schooling; Siganus ID JUVENILE PARROTFISH; COORDINATED VIGILANCE; HERBIVOROUS FISHES; HABITAT COMPLEXITY; CONTINGENCY-TABLES; COLOR PATTERNS; MARINE FISHES; RECRUITMENT; COMPETITORS; POPULATION AB Adult rabbitfishes (Siganidae) differ from most other herbivorous coral reef fishes by forming stable pair bonds throughout their adult lives. However, little is known about the early life stages of rabbitfishes, and no quantitative evidence regarding the ontogeny of pairing behaviour exists to date. This study describes the abundance, distribution and ontogeny of social associations in juvenile rabbitfishes on the mid-shelf reefs around Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Using underwater visual censuses, we surveyed an area of 5728 m(2) across three distinct habitat types, revealing that the abundance of juveniles varies significantly among species, size class and exposure level. Furthermore, we demonstrate a pronounced ontogenetic shift in the social associations of juveniles of Siganus doliatus and Siganus corallinus, changing from primarily solitary individuals in the smallest size class (<50 mm) to predominantly paired individuals in the larger size classes (50-100 mm and 100-150 mm). In this context, we report the presence of several mixed-species pairs of rabbitfishes, providing the first evidence for this behaviour within the family. This supports previous research, which posits that there are strong ecological drivers, rather than a solely reproductive basis, for pairing behaviour in rabbitfishes. Based on our results, we suggest that further exploration of the ecology of early life stages of herbivorous reef fishes will increase our knowledge about ecological processes on coral reefs. C1 [Mirbach, Christopher E.; Brandl, Simon J.] James Cook Univ, Coll Marine & Environm Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Brandl, Simon J.] James Cook Univ, ARC Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld, Australia. [Brandl, Simon J.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Tennenbaum Marine Observ Network, Edgewater, MD USA. RP Brandl, SJ (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Coll Marine & Environm Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. EM simon.brandl@my.jcu.edu.au FU Great Barrier Reef Foundation FX This research was supported by the Great Barrier Reef Foundation (SJB). NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS PI OSLO PA KARL JOHANS GATE 5, NO-0154 OSLO, NORWAY SN 1745-1000 EI 1745-1019 J9 MAR BIOL RES JI Mar. Biol. Res. PY 2016 VL 12 IS 8 BP 874 EP 880 DI 10.1080/17451000.2016.1203952 PG 7 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EB8QI UT WOS:000387655500009 ER PT S AU Conan, R Bouchez, A Quiros-Pacheco, F McLeod, B Ashby, D AF Conan, R. Bouchez, A. Quiros-Pacheco, F. McLeod, B. Ashby, D. BE Marchetti, E Close, LM Veran, JP TI The GMT active optics control strategies SO ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS V SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Adaptive Optics Systems V CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE AB The Giant Magellan Telescope (GMT) has a Gregorian 25.4-meter diameter primary mirror composed of seven 8.4-meter diameter segments. The secondary mirror consists of seven 1.1-meter diameter segments. In the active and adaptive operation modes of the GMT, around a dozen wavefront sensors are selectively used to monitor the optical aberrations across the focal plane. A dedicated wavefront control system drives slow and fast corrections at the M1 and M2 mirrors to deliver image quality optimized for the field of view of the scientific instrument in use. This paper describes the control strategies for the active optics mode of the GMT. Different wavefront estimation algorithm are compared and the performance of the GMT is evaluated using the Dynamic Optical Simulation package. C1 [Conan, R.; Bouchez, A.; Quiros-Pacheco, F.; Ashby, D.] GMTO, 465 N Halstead Ave, Pasadena, CA 91107 USA. [McLeod, B.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Conan, R (reprint author), GMTO, 465 N Halstead Ave, Pasadena, CA 91107 USA. EM rconan@gmto.org NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0198-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9909 AR UNSP 99091T DI 10.1117/12.2231578 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BG2JZ UT WOS:000387429700056 ER PT S AU Kopon, D McLeod, B van Dam, MA Bouchez, A McCracken, K Catropa, D Podgorski, W McMuldroch, S Conder, A Close, L Males, J Morzinski, K Norton, T AF Kopon, Derek McLeod, Brian van Dam, Marcos A. Bouchez, Antonin McCracken, Ken Catropa, Daniel Podgorski, William McMuldroch, Stuart Conder, Alan Close, Laird Males, Jared Morzinski, Katie Norton, Timothy BE Marchetti, E Close, LM Veran, JP TI On-sky demonstration of the GMT dispersed fringe phasing sensor prototype on the Magellan telescope SO ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS V SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Adaptive Optics Systems V CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Active optics; adaptive optics; Giant Magellan Telescope; phasing; dispersed fringe sensor AB The GMT is an aplanatic Gregorian telescope consisting of 7 primary and secondary mirror segments that must be phased to within a fraction of an imaging wavelength to allow the 25.4 meter telescope to reach its diffraction limit. When operating in Laser Tomographic Adaptive Optics (LTAO) mode, on-axis guide stars will not be available for segment phasing. In this mode, the GMT's Acquisition, Guiding, and Wavefront Sensing system (AGWS) will deploy four pickoff probes to acquire natural guide stars in a 6-10 arcmin annular FOV for guiding, active optics, and segment phasing. The phasing sensor will be able to measure piston phase differences between the seven primary/secondary pairs of up to 50 microns with an accuracy of 50 nm using a J-band dispersed fringe sensor. To test the dispersed fringe sensor design and validate the performance models, SAO has built and commissioned a prototype phasing sensor on the Magellan Clay 6.5 meter telescope. This prototype uses an aperture mask to overlay 6 GMT-sized segment gap patterns on the Magellan 6.5 meter primary mirror reimaged pupil. The six diffraction patterns created by these subaperture pairs are then imaged with a lenslet array and dispersed with a grism. An on-board phase shifter has the ability to simulate an arbitrary phase shift within subaperture pairs. The prototype operates both on-axis and 6 arcmin off-axis either with AO correction from the Magellan adaptive secondary MagAO system on or off in order to replicate as closely as possible the conditions expected at the GMT. C1 [Kopon, Derek; McLeod, Brian; McCracken, Ken; Catropa, Daniel; Podgorski, William; McMuldroch, Stuart; Norton, Timothy] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [van Dam, Marcos A.] Flat Wavefronts, 21 Lascelles St, Christchurch 8022, New Zealand. [Bouchez, Antonin; Conder, Alan] GMTO Corp, 251 S Lake Ave,Suite 300, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Close, Laird; Males, Jared; Morzinski, Katie] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Kopon, D (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM derek.kopon@cfa.harvard.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0198-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9909 AR UNSP 990946 DI 10.1117/12.2232942 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BG2JZ UT WOS:000387429700121 ER PT J AU Lin, HW Chen, YT Holman, MJ Ip, WH Payne, MJ Lacerda, P Fraser, WC Gerdes, DW Bieryla, A Sie, ZF Chen, WP Burgett, WS Denneau, L Jedicke, R Kaiser, N Magnier, EA Tonry, JL Wainscoat, RJ Waters, C AF Lin, Hsing Wen Chen, Ying-Tung Holman, Matthew J. Ip, Wing-Huen Payne, M. J. Lacerda, P. Fraser, W. C. Gerdes, D. W. Bieryla, A. Sie, Z. -F. Chen, W. -P. Burgett, W. S. Denneau, L. Jedicke, R. Kaiser, N. Magnier, E. A. Tonry, J. L. Wainscoat, R. J. Waters, C. TI THE PAN-STARRS 1 DISCOVERIES OF FIVE NEW NEPTUNE TROJANS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Kuiper belt: general; minor planets, asteroids: general; surveys ID KUIPER-BELT OBJECTS; DARK ENERGY SURVEY; SOLAR-SYSTEM; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; PLANET MIGRATION; CHAOTIC CAPTURE; 2001 QR322; INCLINATION; SEARCH; ORIGIN AB In this work, we report the detection of seven Neptune Trojans (NTs) in the Pan-STARRS 1 (PS1) survey. Five of these are new discoveries, consisting of four L4 Trojans and one L5 Trojan. Our orbital simulations show that the L5 Trojan stably librates for only several million years. This suggests that the L5 Trojan must be of recent capture origin. On the other hand, all four new L4 Trojans stably occupy the 1: 1 resonance with Neptune for more than 1 Gyr. They can, therefore, be of primordial origin. Our survey simulation results show that the inclination width of the NT population should be between 7 degrees and 27 degrees at > 95% confidence, and most likely similar to 11 degrees. In this paper, we describe the PS1 survey, the Outer Solar System pipeline, the confirming observations, and the orbital/physical properties of the new NTs. C1 [Lin, Hsing Wen; Ip, Wing-Huen; Sie, Z. -F.; Chen, W. -P.] Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan. [Chen, Ying-Tung] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, POB 23-141, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Holman, Matthew J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Holman, Matthew J.; Payne, M. J.; Bieryla, A.] Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ip, Wing-Huen] Macau Univ Sci & Technol, Space Sci Inst, Macau, Peoples R China. [Lacerda, P.; Fraser, W. C.] Queens Univ Belfast, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Gerdes, D. W.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Burgett, W. S.; Denneau, L.; Jedicke, R.; Kaiser, N.; Magnier, E. A.; Tonry, J. L.; Wainscoat, R. J.; Waters, C.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Lin, HW (reprint author), Natl Cent Univ, Inst Astron, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan. EM edlin@gm.astro.ncu.edu.tw OI Lin, Hsing Wen/0000-0001-7737-6784; Gerdes, David/0000-0001-6942-2736 FU MOST [MOST 104-2119-008-024, MOST 105-2112-M-008-024-MY3]; MOE under the Aim for Top University Program NCU; Macau Technical Fund [017/2014/A1, 039/2013/A2]; CAS Fellowship for Taiwan-Youth-Visiting-Scholars [2015TW2JB0001]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX08AR22G]; National Science Foundation [AST-1238877] FX This work was supported in part by MOST Grant MOST 104-2119-008-024 (TANGO II), MOST Grant MOST 105-2112-M-008-024-MY3, MOE under the Aim for Top University Program NCU, and the Macau Technical Fund: 017/2014/A1 and 039/2013/A2. H.W.L. acknowledges the support of the CAS Fellowship for Taiwan-Youth-Visiting-Scholars under grant no. 2015TW2JB0001.; The Pan-STARRS 1 Surveys (PS1) have been made possible through contributions from the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant no. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation under grant no. AST-1238877, and the University of Maryland. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PY 2016 VL 152 IS 6 AR 147 DI 10.3847/0004-6256/152/5/147 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA EB7HJ UT WOS:000387557200001 ER PT J AU Breedy, O Guzman, HM AF Breedy, Odalisca Guzman, Hector M. TI A new Muricea species (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Octocorallia) from the eastern tropical Pacific SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Alcyonacea; Cnidaria; eastern Pacific; mesophotic zone; Muricea subtilis; new species; plexaurid; soft corals; taxonomy AB The genus Muricea is considered abundant and widely distributed along the eastern Pacific. Its occurrence in shallow waters has been recognised; however species from deeper than 30 m have been rarely recorded. During the 2005 R/V Urraca expedition along the north and central Pacific coast of Costa Rica several octo-coral specimens were collected by bottom trawling from 30 to 150 m yielding new species and new records. Herein we describe a new species of Muricea from deeper than 30 m. The morphological characters of the species were analysed and illustrated by optic and scanning electron microscopy. Muricea subtilis sp. n. can be distinguished from the other species in the genus by its thin spiny branches, non-imbricate calyces, white colony and sclerites, and the size and composition of sclerites. Comparative character tables are provided for the closest Muricea species-group. This new species increases the number in the genus to 26, and contributes to the knowledge on the diversity and distribution of mesophotic soft corals in the eastern Pacific. C1 [Breedy, Odalisca] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, Ctr Invest Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Ctr Invest Estruct Microscop, POB 11501-2060, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Breedy, Odalisca; Guzman, Hector M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, POB 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. RP Breedy, O (reprint author), Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, Ctr Invest Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Ctr Invest Estruct Microscop, POB 11501-2060, San Jose, Costa Rica.; Breedy, O (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, POB 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. EM odaliscab@gmail.com FU Vicerrectoria de Investigacion de la Universidad de Costa Rica [808-B5172]; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX We thank Leen van Ofwegen (Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis), Stephen Cairns (Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution) and Gary Williams (California Academy of Science) for their time and suggestions to improve this publication. Also, Yolanda Camacho and Rita Vargas (UCR) for collecting the material for this study and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute researchers Rachel Collins and Ross Robertson who were in charge of the R/V Urraca-STRI 2005 expedition. We appreciate Jorge Ceballos (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute), Alexander Rodriguez and Cristian Mora (UCR) for their valuable contribution in this research. Finally, we acknowledge Jorge Brenes and Annette Calvo-Shadid (UCR) who kindly helped us with the species etymology. The project was partially sponsored by the Vicerrectoria de Investigacion de la Universidad de Costa Rica, project 808-B5172, and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 629 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.3897/zookeys.629.10828 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA EB7PD UT WOS:000387580000001 ER PT J AU Costa, DNR Mathis, WN Marinoni, L AF Costa, Daniel N. R. Mathis, Wayne N. Marinoni, Luciane TI A revision of the shore-fly genus Lamproclasiopa Hendel (Diptera, Ephydridae) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Diptera; Ephydridae; New World tropics; Indian Subcontinent; taxonomic changes; Lamproclasiopa AB The species of the genus Lamproclasiopa Hendel are revised, including 13 new species (type locality in parenthesis): L. aliceae (United States. New Mexico. Grant: Silver City (Big Ditch; 32 degrees 46.4'N, 108 degrees 16.5'W; 1790 m)), L. argentipicta (Costa Rica. San Jose. Zurqui de Moravia (10 degrees 2.8'N, 84 degrees 0.6'W)), L. auritunica (Bolivia. Oruro: Pazna (S. of the town; 18 degrees 36.2'S, 66 degrees 54.7'W, 3750 m).), L. brunnea (Costa Rica. San Jose. Zurqu de Moravia (10 degrees 2.8'N, 84 degrees 0.6'W)), L. caligosa (Chile. Osorno: Anticura (1 km W; 40 degrees 39'S, 72 degrees 10'W; 430 m)), L. curva (Chile. Los Lagos: Chiloe Island, Chepu (on seashore; 42 degrees 5'S, 73 degrees 59.65'W)), L. ecuadoriensis (Ecuador. Orellana: Rio Tiputini Biodiversity Station (0 degrees 38.2'S, 76 degrees 8.9'W)), L. furvitibia (Costa Rica. San Jose. Zurqu de Moravia (10 degrees 2.8'N, 84 degrees 0.6'W)), L. lapaz (Bolivia. La Paz: La Paz (6 km NE; 16 degrees 25.7'S, 68 degrees 04.3'W; 4130m)), L. mancha (Brazil. Parana: Curitiba, Universidade Federal do Parana, Reserva Biologica (25 degrees 26.9'S, 49 degrees 14'W; 915 m)), L. triangularis (Peru. Madre de Dios: Rio Manu, Pakitza (11 degrees 56.6'S, 71 degrees 16.9'W; 250 m)), L. xanthocera (Brazil. Parana. Curitiba, Universidade Federal do Parana, Reserva Biologica (25 degrees 26.9'S, 49 degrees 14'W; 915 m)), L. zerafael (Brazil. Amazonas: Reserva Ducke (02 degrees 55.8'S, 59 degrees 58.5'W; 40 m)). All known species are described with an emphasis on structures of the male terminalia, which are fully illustrated. Detailed locality data and distribution maps for all species are provided. For perspective and to facilitate genus-group and species-group recognition, the tribe Discocerinini is diagnosed and a key to genera in the New World is provided. C1 [Costa, Daniel N. R.; Marinoni, Luciane] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Mathis, Wayne N.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, POB 37012,MRC 169, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Costa, DNR (reprint author), Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, BR-81531980 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. EM negosekidan@ufpr.br RI Marinoni, Luciane /C-5720-2013 FU CNPq, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico - Brazil [234167/2014-9]; CAPES (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brazil); CNPq [401609/2009-0]; U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB 1145890] FX We thank the curators and collections managers who loaned collections or facilitated work in their museums: David A. Grimaldi (AMNH), Jon K. Gelhaus and Jason D. Weintraub (ANSP), Jose Albertino Rafael and Rosaly Ale-Rocha (INPA), and Carlos Jose Einicker Lamas (MZUSP). This study was supported by grants from CNPq, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico - Brazil (Process number 234167/2014-9) and CAPES (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brazil), including a recent field work in Brazil (December 2009-June 2010) that resulted in the vast majority of specimens from Brazil that were studied in this paper (CNPq, Visiting Researcher/Process number 401609/2009-0), which we gratefully acknowledge. The ZADBI project was funded by U.S. National Science Foundation grant DEB 1145890 to B. Brown and A. Borkent. We thank Dianne Mathis for helping with all aspects of the production of this paper, especially the field work in Brazil. We also thank A. Bernardo Carvalho and his lab (Elisa Carvalho, Monica Carvalho, Susana Vaz) for hosting us while conducting field work along the coast of Sao Paulo, and Jose Albertino Rafael and Rosaly Ale-Rocha (INPA) for hosting us while working at INPA and conducting field work in the general environs of Manaus. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 631 SI SI BP 1 EP 99 DI 10.3897/zookeys.631.10718 PG 99 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA EB7PQ UT WOS:000387581600001 PM 27917044 ER PT J AU van Nieukerken, EJ Doorenweerd, C Hoare, RJB Davis, DR AF van Nieukerken, Erik J. Doorenweerd, Camiel Hoare, Robert J. B. Davis, Donald R. TI Revised classification and catalogue of global Nepticulidae and Opostegidae (Lepidoptera, Nepticuloidea) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Taxonomy; leaf miners; checklist; history; new synonyms; new combinations ID ACADEMY-OF-SCIENCES; LEAF-MINING MOTHS; FAMILY NEPTICULIDAE; SPECIES-GROUP; HOST-PLANT; MINERS LEPIDOPTERA; EUROPE LEPIDOPTERA; SOUTH-AMERICA; 1ST DISCOVERY; GENUS AB A catalogue of all named Nepticulidae and Opostegidae is presented, including fossil species. The catalogue is simultaneously published online in the scratchpad http://nepticuloidea.info/ and in Catalogue of Life (http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/database/id/172). We provide a historical overview of taxonomic research on Nepticuloidea and a brief 'state of the art'. A DNA barcode dataset with 3205 barcodes is made public at the same time, providing DNA barcodes of ca. 779 species, of which 2563 are identified as belonging to 444 validly published species. We recognise 862 extant and 18 fossil species of Nepticulidae in 22 extant genera and the fossil form genus Stigmellites. We count 192 valid Opostegidae species in 7 genera, without fossils. We also list seven dubious Nepticulidae names that cannot be placed due to absent type material and poor descriptions, 18 unavailable names in Nepticulidae that cannot be placed and we also list the 33 names (including four fossils) that once were placed as Nepticulidae or Opostegidae but are now excluded. All synonyms and previous combinations are listed. The generic classification follows the Molecular phylogeny that is published almost simultaneously. Subfamilies and tribes are not recognised, Trifurculinae Scoble, 1983 is synonymised with Nepticulidae Stainton, 1854 and Opostegoidinae Kozlov, 1987 is synonymised with Opostegidae Meyrick, 1893. The status of Casanovula Hoare, 2013, Etainia Beirne, 1945, Fomoria Beirne, 1945, Glaucolepis Braun, 1917, Menurella Hoare, 2013, Muhabbetana Kocak & Kemal, 2007 and Zimmermannia Hering, 1940 is changed from subgenus to full genus, whereas two genera are considered synonyms again: Manoneura Davis, 1979, a synonym of Enteucha Meyrick, 1915 and Levarchama Beirne, 1945, a synonym of Trifurcula Zeller, 1848. We propose 87 new combinations in Nepticulidae and 10 in Opostegidae, largely due to the new classification, and re-examination of some species. We propose the following 37 new synonymies for species (35 in Nepticulidae, 2 in Opostegidae): Stigmella acerifoliella Dovnar-Zapolski, 1969 (unavailable, = S. acerna Puplesis, 1988), Stigmella nakamurai Kemperman & Wilkinson, 1985 (= S. palionisi Puplesis, 1984), Nepticula amseli Skala, 1941 (unavailable = S. birgittae Gustafsson, 1985), Stigmella cathepostis Kemperman & Wilkinson, 1985 (= S. microtheriella (Stainton, 1854)), Stigmella populnea Kemperman & Wilkinson, 1985 (= S. nivenburgensis (Preissecker, 1942)), Nepticula obscurella Braun, 1912 (revised synonymy, = S. myricafoliella (Busck, 1900)), Nepticula mandingella Gustafsson, 1972 (= S. wollofella (Gustafsson, 1972)), Stigmella rosaefoliella pectocatena Wilkinson & Scoble, 1979 (= S. centifoliella (Zeller, 1848)), Micropteryx pomivorella Packard, 1870 (= S. oxyacanthella (Stainton, 1854)), Stigmella crataegivora Puplesis, 1985 (= S. micromelis Puplesis, 1985), Stigmella scinanella Wilkinson & Scoble, 1979 (= S. purpuratella (Braun, 1917)), Stigmella palmatae Puplesis, 1984 (= S. filipendulae (Wocke, 1871)), Stigmella sesplicata Kemperman & Wilkinson, 1985 (= S. lediella (Schleich, 1867)), Stigmella rhododendrifolia Dovnar-Zapolski & Tomilova, 1978 (unavailable, = S. lediella (Schleich, 1867)), Stigmella oa Kemperman & Wilkinson, 1985 (= S. spiculifera Kemperman & Wilkinson, 1985), Stigmella gracilipae Hirano, 2014 (= S. monticulella Puplesis, 1984), Nepticula chaoniella Herrich-Schaffer, 1863 (= S. samiatella (Zeller, 1839)), Bohemannia piotra Puplesis, 1984 (= B. pulverosella (Stainton, 1849)), Bohemannia nipponicella Hirano, 2010 (= B. manschurella Puplesis, 1984), Sinopticula sinica Yang, 1989 (= Glaucolepis oishiella (Matsumura, 1931)), Trifurcula collinella Nel, 2012 (= Glaucolepis magna (A. Lastuvka & Z. Lastuvka, 1997)), Obrussa tigrinella Puplesis, 1985 (= Etainia trifasciata (Matsumura, 1931)), Microcalyptris vittatus Puplesis, 1984 and M. arenosus Falkovitsh, 1986 (both = Acalyptris falkovitshi (Puplesis, 1984)), Ectoedemia castaneae Busck, 1913, E. heinrichi Busck, 1914 and E. helenella Wilkinson, 1981 (all three = Zimmermannia bosquella (Chambers, 1878)), Ectoedemia chloranthis Meyrick, 1928 and E. acanthella Wilkinson & Newton, 1981 (both = Zimmermannia grandisella (Chambers, 1880)), Ectoedemia coruscella Wilkinson, 1981 (= Zimmermannia mesoloba (Davis, 1978)), Ectoedemia piperella Wilkinson & Newton, 1981 and E. reneella Wilkinson, 1981 (both = Zimmermannia obrutella (Zeller, 1873)), Ectoedemia similigena Puplesis, 1994 (= E. turbidella (Zeller, 1848)), Ectoedemia andrella Wilkinson, 1981 (= E. ulmella (Braun, 1912)), Nepticula canadensis Braun, 1917 (= E. minimella (Zetterstedt, 1839)), Opostega rezniki Kozlov, 1985 (= O. cretatella Chretien, 1915), Pseudopostega cyrneochalcopepla Nel & Varenne, 2012 (= P. chalcopepla (Walsingham, 1908)). Stigmella caryaefoliella (Clemens, 1861) and Zimmermannia bosquella (Chambers, 1878) are taken out of synonymy and re-instated as full species. Lectotypes are designated for Trifurcula obrutella Zeller, 1873 and Nepticula grandisella Chambers, 1880. C1 [van Nieukerken, Erik J.; Doorenweerd, Camiel] Naturalis Biodivers Ctr, POB 9517, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Hoare, Robert J. B.] Landcare Res Ltd, Private Bag 92-170, Auckland, New Zealand. [Davis, Donald R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, MRC 105,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP van Nieukerken, EJ (reprint author), Naturalis Biodivers Ctr, POB 9517, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM nieukerken@naturalis.nl NR 723 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 5 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 628 BP 65 EP 246 DI 10.3897/zookeys.628.9799 PG 182 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA EA2MK UT WOS:000386426900002 PM 27917038 ER PT S AU Babb, JF Hussein, MS AF Babb, James F. Hussein, Mahir S. BE Elster, C Phillips, DR Roberts, CD TI van der Weals and Casimir-Polder interactions between neutrons SO 21ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON FEW-BODY PROBLEMS IN PHYSICS SE EPJ Web of Conferences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (FB21) CY MAY 18-22, 2015 CL Chicago, IL SP Ohio Univ, Argonne Natl Lab ID ENERGY COMPTON-SCATTERING; ELECTROMAGNETIC POLARIZABILITIES; NUCLEON AB We investigate the van der Waals interaction between neutrons using the theory of Casimir and Polder, wherein the potential for asymptotically large separations falls off as the inverse seventh power, and compare it to the similar interaction between a neutron and a proton, for which the asymptotic interaction falls off as the inverse fourth power. Modifications of the formalism to extend the validity to smaller separations using dynamic electric and magnetic dipole polarizability data are discussed. C1 [Babb, James F.; Hussein, Mahir S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, MS 14,60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hussein, Mahir S.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Estudos Avancados, CP 72012, BR-05508970 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Hussein, Mahir S.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Fis, CP 66318, BR-05314970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Hussein, Mahir S.] CTA, Inst Tecnol Aeronaut, Dept Fis, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil. RP Babb, JF (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, MS 14,60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM jbabb@cfa.harvard.edu; hussein@if.usp.br NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 2100-014X J9 EPJ WEB CONF PY 2016 VL 113 AR 08001 DI 10.1051/epjconf/201611308001 PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BG0KL UT WOS:000386310200126 ER PT J AU Ng, K AF Ng, Konrad BE Srikanth, R Song, MH TI Asian American New Media as Literature for the Digital Age SO CAMBRIDGE HISTORY OF ASIAN AMERICAN LITERATURE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Ng, Konrad] Smithsonian Inst, Asian Pacific Amer Ctr, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Ng, Konrad] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Creat Media, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Ng, K (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Asian Pacific Amer Ctr, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-05395-3 PY 2016 BP 551 EP 566 D2 10.1017/CHO9781107284289 PG 16 WC Literature, American SC Literature GA BF9FA UT WOS:000385516100033 ER PT J AU Taylor, PM AF Taylor, Paul Michael TI Smithsonian Naturalist William Louis Abbott's Turkestan Expedition of 1893 and 1894 SO CENTRAL ASIATIC JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB This paper introduces an important body of ethnographic, biological, and unpublished archival materials deriving from a collecting expedition to Turkestan undertaken from April 1893 to November 1894 by American naturalist William Louis Abbott (1860-1936). Beyond summarising the localities he visited in Turkestan, and the current organization and usefulness of his collections for research, the paper attempts to interpret Abbott's unpublished archival correspondence to assess his collecting focus, biases, and purposes, as well as his perspectives on contemporaneous events in Turkestan and in the neighboring Russian-controlled border areas (today's Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan) into which he also briefly traveled without permission. The results of Abbott's work are having a positive impact on the anthropology, museums, and regional studies right into the 21st century C1 [Taylor, Paul Michael] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Taylor, PM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU VERLAG OTTO HARRASSOWITZ PI WIESBADEN PA TAUMUSSTR 14,, 65183 WIESBADEN, GERMANY SN 0008-9192 J9 CENT ASIATIC J JI Cent. Asiat. J. PY 2016 VL 59 IS 1-2 BP 255 EP + PG 22 WC Asian Studies SC Asian Studies GA DZ6RI UT WOS:000385989200009 ER PT J AU Krause, GH Winter, K Krause, B Virgo, A AF Krause, G. Heinrich Winter, Klaus Krause, Barbara Virgo, Aurelio TI Protection by light against heat stress in leaves of tropical crassulacean acid metabolism plants containing high acid levels SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agave angustifolia; Clusia rosea; Clusia pratensis; facultative CAM; obligate CAM; tonoplast ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; FICUS-INSIPIDA; PHOTOSYNTHETIC APPARATUS; THERMAL TOLERANCE; CAM PLANTS; ACCLIMATION; KALANCHOE; OPUNTIA; ALPINE AB Heat tolerance of plants exhibiting crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) was determined by exposing leaf sections to a range of temperatures both in the dark and the light, followed by measuring chlorophyll a fluorescence (F-v/F-m and F-0) and assessing visible tissue damage. Three CAM species, Clusia rosea Jacq., Clusia pratensis Seem. and Agave angustifolia Haw., were studied. In acidified tissues sampled at the end of the night and exposed to elevated temperatures in the dark, the temperature that caused a 50% decline of F-v/F-m (T-50), was remarkably low (40-43 degrees C in leaves of C. rosea). Conversion of chlorophyll to pheophytin indicated irreversible tissue damage caused by malic acid released from the vacuoles. By contrast, when acidified leaves were illuminated during heat treatments, T-50 was up to 50-51 degrees C. In de-acidified samples taken at the end of the light period, T-50 reached approximate to 54 degrees C, irrespective of whether temperature treatments were done in the dark or light. Acclimation of A. angustifolia to elevated daytime temperatures resulted in a rise of T-50 from approximate to 54 degrees to approximate to 57 degrees C. In the field, high tissue temperatures always occur during sun exposure. Measurements of the heat tolerance of CAM plants that use heat treatments of acidified tissue in the dark do not provide relevant information on heat tolerance in an ecological context. However, in the physiological context, such studies may provide important clues on vacuolar properties during the CAM cycle (i.e. on the temperature relationships of malic acid storage and malic acid release). C1 [Krause, G. Heinrich; Winter, Klaus; Krause, Barbara; Virgo, Aurelio] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Krause, G. Heinrich] Univ Dusseldorf, Inst Plant Biochem, Univ Str 1, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. RP Krause, GH (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama.; Krause, GH (reprint author), Univ Dusseldorf, Inst Plant Biochem, Univ Str 1, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. EM ghkrause@uni-duesseldorf.de FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX The study was supported by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. We thank Milton Garcia for technical assistance and George Angehr for critically reading a previous version of the manuscript. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-4408 EI 1445-4416 J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL JI Funct. Plant Biol. PY 2016 VL 43 IS 11 BP 1061 EP 1069 DI 10.1071/FP16093 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA EA1RJ UT WOS:000386369300005 ER PT J AU Ubelaker, DH AF Ubelaker, Douglas H. TI The Dynamic Interface of Bioarchaeology and Forensic Anthropology SO INTERSECCIONES EN ANTROPOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Bioarchaeology; Forensic Anthropology; Trauma ID RADIOCARBON; SKELETAL; TISSUE; DEATH AB The disciplines of bioarchaeology and forensic anthropology pursue somewhat different goals but they share considerable methodology and basic scientific information. Experience and research in each of these endeavors enhances the practice of the other. The symbiotic and dynamic relationship of these academic areas greatly improves the quality of the applications of each. The shared information impacts in positive ways all areas of both fields, but is especially important in several key components. Within bioarchaeology, information from forensic practice is vital to the proper interpretation of traumatic and other alterations, especially in the assessment of the timing (antemortem, perimortem, postmortem) of the event producing the alteration. Within forensic anthropology, data gleaned from the practice of bioarchaeology augment techniques of detection, recovery and assessment of the postmortem interval and taphonomic factors that may be involved. Currently, both fields are experiencing a surge in professional activity and student interest, as well as a rapid increase in published research, casework and technology. While the volume of available information presents challenges, practitioners in each field need to remain cognizant of professional activity and research results in the other. C1 [Ubelaker, Douglas H.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, 10th & Constitut Ave NW MRC 112, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Ubelaker, DH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, 10th & Constitut Ave NW MRC 112, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM ubelaked@si.edu NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV NAC CENTRO PROVINCIA BUENOS AIRES PI BUENOS AIRES PA FAC CIENCIAS SOCIALES, AVE ARISTOBULO DEL VALLE 5737, BUENOS AIRES, OLAVARIA 7400, ARGENTINA SN 1850-373X J9 INTERSECCIONES ANTRO JI Intersecciones Antropol. PY 2016 VL 17 IS 2 BP 137 EP 143 PG 7 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA EA1GX UT WOS:000386341600001 ER PT J AU Mawdsley, J Harrison, J Sithole, H AF Mawdsley, Jonathan Harrison, James Sithole, Hendrik TI Natural history of a South African insect pollinator assemblage (Insecta: Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera): diagnostic notes, food web analysis and conservation recommendations SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY LA English DT Article DE Pollination; pollinator; insect; Savannah; Africa; tree; shrub ID KRUGER-NATIONAL-PARK; ACACIA-NIGRESCENS; SCARABAEIDAE; SAVANNA; POLLEN; BEES AB We describe activity patterns, relative abundances and pollen transport by insect floral visitors in the Skukuza Ranger District, Kruger National Park, Republic of South Africa, based on field surveys conducted during the early rainy seasons of years 2006 to 2012 (inclusive). Diagnostic notes, illustrations and natural history observations are provided for species in the families Buprestidae, Cerambycidae, Cleridae, Lycidae and Scarabaeidae (Coleoptera), Muscidae, Platystomatidae and Tabanidae (Diptera), Apidae, Halictidae, Megachilidae, Sphecidae and Vespidae (Hymenoptera), and Pieridae and Thyrididae (Lepidoptera) that transported pollen of tree or shrub species. Observations on floral phenology and pollination syndrome are presented for 27 flowering tree or shrub species. To provide a foundation for studies of the effects of drought and climate change on pollination services in the Kruger National Park, we applied methods of food web analysis to characterise this plant-pollinator assemblage. The food web analysis shows moderate levels of redundancy in plant-pollinator interactions (with connectance values averaging 0.19 for plant species and 0.20 for pollinator species), suggesting that pollination services in this system may exhibit some resilience to environmental perturbations. Possible conservation strategies for maintaining pollination services in this ecological system are discussed, including habitat management to conserve larval or nesting areas for social and solitary bees and scarab beetles, as well as further inventories and long-term monitoring of pollinator species. C1 [Mawdsley, Jonathan] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 187, NHB 169, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Harrison, James] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Anim Plant & Environm Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Harrison, James] Ditsong Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Pretoria, South Africa. [Sithole, Hendrik] South African Natl Pk, Sci Serv Dept, Invertebrates, Kimberley, South Africa. RP Mawdsley, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 187, NHB 169, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM MawdsleyJ@si.edu FU Ditsong: National Museum of Natural History; University of the Witwatersrand FX We gratefully acknowledge F. Venter and the South African National Parks (SANParks) for granting permission to conduct this study in the Kruger National Park. For assistance with fieldwork, we thank R. and A. Mawdsley from Cleveland State University and J. Mawdsley from Stark State University, as well as V. Ndlovu, O. Sithole, J. Baloyi, M. Mambane, M. Sarela, P. Khoza, T. Khoza and A. Manganyi from the SANParks. For field and laboratory research support, we thank the Ditsong: National Museum of Natural History (formerly Transvaal Museum) as well as the University of the Witwatersrand. We also thank G. Zambatis from SANParks for her assistance with plant identifications. For providing us with photographic assistance and the images of specimens of Cetoniinae, we thank A. P. Marias. For access to museum collections for voucher specimen identification, we thank S. Brady and T. Erwin of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, and N. Vandenberg and S. Lingafelter of the United States Department of Agriculture Systematic Entomology Laboratory. For editorial comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript, we thank C. Carter, M. Surridge, K. Wallace and three anonymous reviewers whose comments greatly improved the manuscript. In-kind support for this project was provided by the H. John Heinz III Center for Science, Economics and the Environment (USA), by the Transvaal Museum, by the University of the Witwatersrand and by South African National Parks (RSA). NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-2933 EI 1464-5262 J9 J NAT HIST JI J. Nat. Hist. PY 2016 VL 50 IS 45-46 BP 2849 EP 2879 DI 10.1080/00222933.2016.1216194 PG 31 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EA1DA UT WOS:000386331500004 ER PT S AU McGlynn, T Fabbiano, G Accomazzi, A Smale, A White, RL Donaldson, T Aloisi, A Dower, T Mazzerella, JM Ebert, R Pevunova, O Imel, D Berriman, GB Teplitz, HI Groom, SL Desai, VR Landry, W AF McGlynn, Thomas Fabbiano, Guiseppina Accomazzi, Alberto Smale, Alan White, Richard L. Donaldson, Thomas Aloisi, Alessandra Dower, Theresa Mazzerella, Joseph M. Ebert, Rick Pevunova, Olga Imel, David Berriman, Graham B. Teplitz, Harry I. Groom, Steve L. Desai, Vandana R. Landry, Walter BE Peck, AB Seaman, RL Benn, CR TI Providing comprehensive and consistent access to astronomical observatory archive data: the NASA archive model SO OBSERVATORY OPERATIONS: STRATEGIES, PROCESSES, AND SYSTEMS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Observatory Operations - Strategies, Processes, and Systems VI CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Virtual observatory; data archives; standards; IVOA; NASA AB Since the turn of the millennium a constant concern of astronomical archives have begun providing data to the public through standardized protocols unifying data from disparate physical sources and wavebands across the electromagnetic spectrum into an astronomical virtual observatory (VO). In October 2014, NASA began support for the NASA Astronomical Virtual Observatories (NAVO) program to coordinate the efforts of NASA astronomy archives in providing data to users through implementation of protocols agreed within the International Virtual Observatory Alliance (IVOA). A major goal of the NAVO collaboration has been to step back from a piecemeal implementation of IVOA standards and define what the appropriate presence for the US and NASA astronomy archives in the VO should be. This includes evaluating what optional capabilities in the standards need to be supported, the specific versions of standards that should be used, and returning feedback to the IVOA, to support modifications as needed. We discuss a standard archive model developed by the NAVO for data archive presence in the virtual observatory built upon a consistent framework of standards defined by the IVOA. Our standard model provides for discovery of resources through the VO registries, access to observation and object data, downloads of image and spectral data and general access to archival datasets. It defines specific protocol versions, minimum capabilities, and all dependencies. The model will evolve as the capabilities of the virtual observatory and needs of the community change. C1 [McGlynn, Thomas; Smale, Alan] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Fabbiano, Guiseppina; Accomazzi, Alberto] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA USA. [White, Richard L.; Donaldson, Thomas; Aloisi, Alessandra; Dower, Theresa] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Mazzerella, Joseph M.; Ebert, Rick; Pevunova, Olga; Imel, David; Berriman, Graham B.; Teplitz, Harry I.; Groom, Steve L.; Desai, Vandana R.; Landry, Walter] Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA USA. [Mazzerella, Joseph M.; Ebert, Rick; Pevunova, Olga; Imel, David; Berriman, Graham B.; Teplitz, Harry I.; Groom, Steve L.; Desai, Vandana R.; Landry, Walter] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP McGlynn, T (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. OI Accomazzi, Alberto/0000-0002-4110-3511 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0199-4; 978-1-5106-0200-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9910 AR 99100A DI 10.1117/12.2231438 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BF9PO UT WOS:000385793600009 ER PT S AU Winkelman, S Rots, A AF Winkelman, Sherry Rots, Arnold BE Peck, AB Seaman, RL Benn, CR TI Usefulness and dangers of relying on grant acknowledgments in an observatory bibliography SO OBSERVATORY OPERATIONS: STRATEGIES, PROCESSES, AND SYSTEMS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Observatory Operations - Strategies, Processes, and Systems VI CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE bibliography; bibliometrics; grant citations; observatory acknowledgments AB The purpose of this paper is to present a quantitative assessment of how well grant and/or program acknowledgments reflect the science impact of Chandra observing, archive, and theory programs and to assess whether observatory acknowledgments alone are a good indicator for inclusion in an observatory bibliography. For grant citations we find that curators will often need to determine the correct grant being cited and they will need to assess relationship between the content of a paper and the grant proposal being cited for statistics to be meaningful. We also find a significant number of papers can be attributed to observing programs through grant links only and that performing full-text searches against the ADS for grant numbers can lead to additional articles for inclusion in the bibliography. When looking at acknowledgment sections as a whole, we find that using an observatory acknowledgment as the sole source for determining inclusion in a bibliography will greatly underestimate the number of science papers attributable to the observatory. C1 [Winkelman, Sherry; Rots, Arnold] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02168 USA. RP Winkelman, S (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02168 USA. EM swinkelman@cfa.harvard.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0199-4; 978-1-5106-0200-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9910 AR 99101W DI 10.1117/12.2231668 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BF9PO UT WOS:000385793600061 ER PT S AU Winkelman, S Rots, A AF Winkelman, Sherry Rots, Arnold BE Peck, AB Seaman, RL Benn, CR TI Observatory Bibliographies: A Vital Resource in Operating an Observatory SO OBSERVATORY OPERATIONS: STRATEGIES, PROCESSES, AND SYSTEMS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Observatory Operations - Strategies, Processes, and Systems VI CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE bibliography; bibliometrics; data archive AB The Chandra Data Archive (CDA) maintains an extensive observatory bibliography. By linking the published articles with the individual datasets analyzed in the paper, we have the opportunity to join the bibliographic metadata (including keywords, subjects, objects, data references from other observatories, etc.) with the meta data associated with the observational datasets. This rich body of information is ripe for far more sophisticated data mining than the two repositories (publications and data) would afford individually. Throughout the course of the mission the CDA has investigated numerous questions regarding the impact of specific types of Chandra programs such as the relative science impact of GTO, GO, and DDT programs or observing, archive, and theory programs. Most recently the Chandra bibliography was used to assess the impact of programs based on the size of the program to examine whether the dividing line between standard and large projects should be changed and whether another round of X-ray Visionary Programs should be offered. Traditionally we have grouped observations by proposal when assessing the impact of programs. For this investigation we aggregated observations by pointing and instrument configuration such that objects observed multiple times in the mission were considered single observing programs. This change in perspective has given us new ideas for assessing the science impact of Chandra and for presenting data to our users. In this paper we present the methodologies used in the recent study, some of its results, and most importantly some unexpected insights into assessing the science impact of an observatory. C1 [Winkelman, Sherry; Rots, Arnold] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02168 USA. RP Winkelman, S (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02168 USA. EM swinkelman@cfa.harvard.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0199-4; 978-1-5106-0200-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9910 AR 991006 DI 10.1117/12.2231730 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BF9PO UT WOS:000385793600005 ER PT J AU Castillo-Cardenas, MF Sanjur, O Toro-Perea, N AF Fernanda Castillo-Cardenas, Maria Sanjur, Oris Toro-Perea, Nelson TI Differences in sculpture and size of pollen grains: new morphological evidence of diversification in Pelliciera rhizophorae, an ancient Neotropical mangrove species SO PALYNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pollen morphology; diversification; exine sculpture; Pelliciera rhizophorae; Neotropics; mangroves ID PALEOBOTANY; COMMUNITIES; EVOLUTION; PANAMA AB The present study shows new evidence of morphological traits that supports the hypothesis of diversification between two genetic variants of Pelliciera rhizophorae (Tetrameristaceae), the most ancient species in the Neotropical mangrove ecosystem. Previous studies using molecular markers identified two variants of this species. Our new study, using pollen grain morphology, revealed differences in pollen sculpture between the two variants; that is, in Variant A the exine is characterised as perforate-verrucose, while in Variant B, it is punctuate. Pollen size in Variant A is larger than in Variant B, whereas the exine is thicker in Variant B than in Variant A. The differences in pollen morphology between the two variants represent new evidence suggesting that a diversification process might be occurring within P. rhizophorae, possibly due to adaptive processes in response to environmental conditions or pollination vectors. C1 [Fernanda Castillo-Cardenas, Maria; Sanjur, Oris] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 084303092, Ancon, Panama. [Fernanda Castillo-Cardenas, Maria; Toro-Perea, Nelson] Univ Valle, Dept Biol, Apartado 25360,Edif 320, Cali, Colombia. RP Castillo-Cardenas, MF (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 084303092, Ancon, Panama.; Castillo-Cardenas, MF (reprint author), Univ Valle, Dept Biol, Apartado 25360,Edif 320, Cali, Colombia. EM mfcastillo@gmail.com FU International Foundation for Science (IFS) [D/3832-3] FX We are grateful to the institutions that supported the development of this research: the International Foundation for Science (IFS) for funding this study (grant D/3832-3); logistical support provided by the Universidad del Valle (UNIVALLE) in Colombia, and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) in Panama. We would also like to thank the STRI scientists who collaborated on this study: biologist Jorge Ceballos (support in SEM and LSCM), and Enrique Moreno (scientific expert in palynology). We are grateful to biologists Alonso Santos and Daniel Buitrago (fieldwork), as well as to Jose Alejandro Ramirez, an undergraduate student (Universidad de Panama), for his support in fieldwork and slide preparation. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0191-6122 EI 1558-9188 J9 PALYNOLOGY JI Palynology PY 2016 VL 40 IS 3 BP 302 EP 307 DI 10.1080/01916122.2015.1045050 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Paleontology SC Plant Sciences; Paleontology GA DZ7LN UT WOS:000386047200004 ER PT J AU Duan, L Yang, X Liu, PL Johnson, G Wen, J Chang, ZY AF Duan, Lei Yang, Xue Liu, Peiliang Johnson, Gabriel Wen, Jun Chang, Zhaoyang TI A molecular phylogeny of Caraganeae (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) reveals insights into new generic and infrageneric delimitations SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Caragana; Chesneya; Chesniella; chloroplast capture; generic delimitation; phylogeny ID REVISION AB Based on sequence data of nuclear ITS and plastid matK, trnL-F and psbA-trnH markers, the phylogeny of the subtribes Caraganinae and Chesneyinae in tribe Caraganeae was inferred. The results support the monophyly of each of the subtribes. Within subtribes Caraganinae, Calophaca and Halimodendron are herein transferred into Caragana to ensure its generic monophyly. The subtribe Chesneyinae is composed of four well-supported genera: Chesneya, Chesniella, Gueldenstaedtia and Tibetia. Based on phylogenetic, morphological, distributional and habitat type evidence, the genus Chesneya was divided into three monophyletic sections: C. sect. Chesneya, C. sect. Pulvinatae and C. sect. Spinosae. Chesneya macrantha is herein transferred into Chesniella. Spongiocarpella is polyphyletic and its generic rank is not maintained. The position of Chesneya was incongruent in the nuclear ITS and the plastid trees. A paternal chloroplast capture event via introgression is hypothesized for the origin of Chesneya, which is postulated to have involved the common ancestor of Chesniella (male) and that of the Gueldenstaedtia - Tibetia (GUT) clade (female) as the parents. C1 [Duan, Lei] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Plant Resources Conservat & Sustainable U, South China Bot Garden, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Yang, Xue] Kunming Univ, Sch Agr, Kunming 650204, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Liu, Peiliang; Chang, Zhaoyang] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Johnson, Gabriel; Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Chang, ZY (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China.; Wen, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM wenj@si.edu; czybbg@nwsuaf.edu.cn FU Laboratories of Analytical Biology of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution); Natural Science Foundation of China [30270106, 30870155]; China Scholarship Council FX We are grateful to the curators of the following herbaria for providing leaf samples, seeds or DNA samples: CS, F, K, TURP, US, WUK and XJBI. We thank Matthew Kweskin, Mingqin Zhou, and Jianqiang Zhang for lab assistance; Natasha Crump for Russian literature translation; Robin Everly for literature search; and Martin F. Wojciechowski, Ying Feng, Shimin Duan, Irina Illarionova and Roman Ufimov for checking voucher information. The Laboratories of Analytical Biology of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution), the Natural Science Foundation of China (Project no. 30270106, 30870155) and the China Scholarship Council are gratefully acknowledged for financial support of the study. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2016 VL 70 BP 111 EP 137 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.70.9641 PG 27 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA EA2MN UT WOS:000386427500008 ER PT J AU Feuillet, C AF Feuillet, Christian TI Lectotypifications of six taxa in the Boraginales (Cordiaceae and Heliotropiaceae) SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Cordia; Cordiaceae; Heliotropiaceae; lectotype; Myriopus; Tournefortia; Varronia ID NAMES; TYPIFICATION AB A large number of specimens used as original material for the description of new species were destroyed in the bombing of the Berlin-Dahlem herbarium, B, in 1943. Six lectotypes are designated here for Cordia discolor Cham., Cordia multispicata Cham., Cordia tobagensis Urb. and its variety broadwayi Urb. in the Cordiaceae and for Tournefortia paniculata Cham. and Tournefortia ulei Vaupel in the Heliotropiaceae. C1 [Feuillet, Christian] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Feuillet, Christian] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, 2082 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Feuillet, C (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Feuillet, C (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, 2082 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM feuillec@si.edu NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2016 VL 62 BP 95 EP 100 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.62.6259 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DZ8RX UT WOS:000386140000002 ER PT J AU Stein, NM van Dyk, DA Kashyap, VL AF Stein, Nathan M. van Dyk, David A. Kashyap, Vinay L. TI Preprocessing solar images while preserving their latent structure SO STATISTICS AND ITS INTERFACE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Banff Workshop on Statistical and Computational Theory and Methodology for Big Data Analysis CY FEB 09-14, 2014 CL Banff, CANADA DE Clustering; Decision theory; Dissimilarity measure; Hellinger distance; Image segmentation; Latent structure; Solar physics; Space weather ID EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRA; DENSITY STRUCTURE; QUIET-SUN; DATA SET; PLASMA; SEGMENTATION; TEMPERATURE; DIAGNOSTICS; CALIBRATION; STATISTICS AB Telescopes such as the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly aboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory, a NASA satellite, collect massive streams of high resolution images of the Sun through multiple wavelength filters. Reconstructing pixel-by-pixel thermal properties based on these images can be framed as an ill-posed inverse problem with Poisson noise, but this reconstruction is computationally expensive and there is disagreement among researchers about what regularization or prior assumptions are most appropriate. This article presents an image segmentation framework for preprocessing such images in order to reduce the data volume while preserving as much thermal information as possible for later downstream analyses. The resulting segmented images reflect thermal properties but do not depend on solving the ill-posed inverse problem. This allows users to avoid the Poisson inverse problem altogether or to tackle it on each of similar to 10 segments rather than on each of similar to 10(7) pixels, reducing computing time by a factor of similar to 10(6). We employ a parametric class of dissimilarities that can be expressed as cosine dissimilarity functions or Hellinger distances between non linearly transformed vectors of multi-passband observations in each pixel. We develop a decision theoretic framework for choosing the dissimilarity that minimizes the expected loss that arises when estimating identifiable thermal properties based on segmented images rather than on a pixel-by-pixel basis. We also examine the efficacy of different dissimilarities for recovering clusters in the underlying thermal properties. The expected losses are computed under scientifically motivated prior distributions. Two simulation studies guide our choices of dissimilarity function. We illustrate our method by segmenting images of a coronal hole observed on 26 February 2015. C1 [Stein, Nathan M.] Univ Penn, Dept Stat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [van Dyk, David A.] Imperial Coll London, Dept Math, Stat Sect, London, England. [Kashyap, Vinay L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Div High Energy Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP van Dyk, DA (reprint author), Imperial Coll London, Dept Math, Stat Sect, London, England. EM natstein@wharton.upenn.edu; dvandyk@imperial.ac.uk; vkashyap@cfa.harvard.edu NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT PRESS BOSTON, INC PI SOMERVILLE PA PO BOX 43502, SOMERVILLE, MA 02143 USA SN 1938-7989 EI 1938-7997 J9 STAT INTERFACE JI Stat. Interface PY 2016 VL 9 IS 4 BP 535 EP 551 PG 17 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA DZ8FM UT WOS:000386106300013 ER PT J AU Agnarsson, I LeQuier, SM Kuntner, M Cheng, RC Coddington, JA Binford, G AF Agnarsson, Ingi LeQuier, Stephanie M. Kuntner, Matjaz Cheng, Ren-Chung Coddington, Jonathan A. Binford, Greta TI Phylogeography of a good Caribbean disperser: Argiope argentata (Araneae, Araneidae) and a new 'cryptic' species from Cuba SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Biogeography; CarBio; dispersal; diversification; GAARlandia; Intermediate dispersal model; Isolation by distance model ID SPIDERS; EVOLUTION; DIVERSIFICATION; BIOGEOGRAPHY; ISLANDS; PHYLOGENETICS; COLONIZATION; SYSTEMATICS; DIMORPHISM; HYPOTHESIS AB The Caribbean islands harbor rich biodiversity with high levels of single island endemism. Stretches of ocean between islands represent significant barriers to gene-flow. Yet some native species are widespread, indicating dispersal across oceans, even in wingless organisms like spiders. Argiope argentata (Fabricius, 1775) is a large, charismatic, and widespread species of orb-weaving spider ranging from the United States to Argentina and is well known to balloon. Here we explore the phylogeography of A. argentata in the Caribbean as a part of the multi-lineage CarBio project, through mtDNA haplotype and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses. The history of the Argiope argentata lineage in the Caribbean goes back 3-5 million years and is characterized by multiple dispersal events and isolation-by-distance. We find a highly genetically distinct lineage on Cuba which we describe as Argiope butchko sp. n. While the argentata lineage seems to readily balloon shorter distances, stretches of ocean still act as filters for among-island gene-flow as evidenced by distinct haplotypes on the more isolated islands, high FST values, and strong correlation between intraspecific (but not interspecific) genetic and geographic distances. The new species described here is clearly genetically diagnosable, but morphologically cryptic, at least with reference to the genitalia that typically diagnose spider species. Our results are consistent with the intermediate dispersal model suggesting that good dispersers, such as our study species, limit the effect of oceanic barriers and thus diversification and endemism. C1 [Agnarsson, Ingi; LeQuier, Stephanie M.] Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Agnarsson, Ingi; Kuntner, Matjaz; Coddington, Jonathan A.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Kuntner, Matjaz; Cheng, Ren-Chung] ZRC SAZU, Inst Biol, Evolutionary Zool Lab, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Binford, Greta] Lewis & Clark Coll, Dept Biol, Portland, OR 97219 USA. RP Agnarsson, I (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.; Agnarsson, I (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM iagnarsson@gmail.com FU NSF [DEB-1050187-1050253-1314749]; Smithsonian Institution SI Barcode Network; Slovenian Research Agency [P1-10236, J1-6729] FX Many thanks to all the members of team CarBio and our collaborators for tireless effort in the field over the last four years. Special thanks to collaborators in Cuba (Alexander Sanchez, Giraldo Alayon, Franklyn Cala-Riquelme and others) and Hispaniola (Solanlly Carrero Jimenez, Gabriel de los Santos) for invaluable help with organization and execution of logistically complex expeditions and ongoing collaboration. We thank Matjaz Gregoric, Klemen Candek, and Gabriele Uhl for kind help with obtaining additional samples. Funding for this work came from NSF DEB-1050187-1050253-1314749 to IA and GB, and the Smithsonian Institution 2013 SI Barcode Network to JC and IA. MK and RCC were supported by the Slovenian Research Agency (grants P1-10236 and J1-6729 to MK). NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 625 BP 25 EP 44 DI 10.3897/zookeys.625.8729 PG 20 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DZ7PN UT WOS:000386058400003 PM 27833425 ER PT J AU Boyd, OF Erwin, TL AF Boyd, Olivia F. Erwin, Terry L. TI Taxonomic review of New World Tachyina (Coleoptera, Carabidae): descriptions of new genera, subgenera, and species, with an updated key to the subtribe in the Americas SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Review DE Elaphropus; Meotachys; Nototachys; Polyderidius; Polyderis; Nothoderis; Stigmatachys; Tachyxysta; Amazon basin ID BEMBIDIINI; ERWIN; BEETLES AB The classification of the carabid subtribe Tachyina (Trechitae: Bembidiini) is reviewed in light of newly discovered diversity from Central and South America. Described herein are three new genera (Tachyxysta gen. n., Stigmatachys gen. n., Nothoderis gen. n.), two new subgenera of Meotachys (Scolistichus subgen. n., Hylotachys subgen. n.), and two new subgenera of Elaphropus (Ammotachys subgen. n., Idiotachys subgen. n.). Two names previously synonymized under Polyderis (Polyderidius Jeannel, 1962) and Elaphropus (Nototachys Alluaud, 1930) are elevated to generic and subgeneric status, respectively. Eight new species are recognized: Tachyxysta howdenorum (type locality: Mexico: Chiapas: El Aguacero, 680m); Elaphropus marchantarius (type locality: Brazil, Amazonas, Rio Solimoes, Ilha de Marchantaria), E. acutifrons (type locality: Brazil: Para, Santarem) and E. occidentalis (type locality: Peru: Loreto, Pithecia, 74 degrees 45'W 05 degrees 28'S); Stigmatachys uvea (type locality: Peru: Loreto: Campamento San Jacinto, 2 degrees 18.75'S, 75 degrees 51.77'W, 175-215m); and Meotachys riparius (type locality: Colombia: Amazonas: Leticia, 700 ft), M. ballorum (type locality: Brazil: Amazonas, Rio Negro Cucui), and M. rubrum (type locality: Peru: Madre de Dios: Rio Manu, Pakitza, 11 degrees 56 degrees 47'S 071 degrees 17 degrees 00'W, 356m). An updated key to the genera and subgenera of Tachyina occurring in the New World is provided, with accompanying illustrations. C1 [Boyd, Olivia F.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Erwin, Terry L.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Boyd, OF (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM boydo@oregonstate.edu FU Harold E. and Leona M. Rice Endowment Fund at Oregon State University; National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Department of Entomology FX In addition to the individuals mentioned under Material examined above, the authors thank all the collectors and curators who provided specimens for this work: George Ball (UASM), Yves Bousquet (CNC), Warren Steiner (NMNH), Brian Farrell (MCZ), R.C. Graves, and the late Henry Howden, as well as curators Thierry Deuve (MNHN) and Cleide Costa (MZUSP) for loaning critical specimens from the collections of the late J. Negre and Hans Reichardt, respectively. Charyn Micheli provided much support and assistance with the NMNH Tachyina collections during this project, including processing of large loans and acquisition of literature and specimen data. Thanks to D.H. Kavanaugh and G.E. Ball for their comments on the manuscript. We especially thank David Maddison for his many hours of advice and encouragement throughout the project and for his valuable comments on drafts of the manuscript. This work was funded in part from the Harold E. and Leona M. Rice Endowment Fund at Oregon State University, through David Maddison. Funding for article processing charges was provided by the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Department of Entomology. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 626 BP 87 EP 123 DI 10.3897/zookeys.626.10033 PG 37 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DZ7PV UT WOS:000386059200005 PM 27833435 ER PT J AU Frias-Torres, S Goehlich, H Reveret, C Montoya-Maya, PH AF Frias-Torres, S. Goehlich, H. Reveret, C. Montoya-Maya, P. H. TI Reef fishes recruited at midwater coral nurseries consume biofouling and reduce cleaning time in Seychelles, Indian Ocean SO AFRICAN JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE animal-assisted cleaning; coral gardening; coral reef restoration; endangered species; floating ecosystem ID DAMSELFISHES POMACENTRIDAE; RESTORATION; RESILIENCE; ECOSYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT AB In coral reef restoration, coral gardening involves rearing coral fragments in underwater nurseries prior to transplantation. These nurseries become fish-aggregating devices and attract biofouling. We hypothesised that: (1) the presence of corals at a nursery is critical to recruit fish assemblages and (2) the recruited fish assemblages control biofouling, reducing person-hours invested in nursery cleaning. Three midwater coral nurseries were deployed at 8 m depth for 27 months within the marine protected area of Cousin Island Special Reserve, Seychelles, Indian Ocean. Each nursery consisted of a 6 m x 6 m PVC pipe frame, layered with a recycled 5.5-cm-mesh tuna net. Human cleaning effort was calculated based on daily dive logs. Nursery-associated fish assemblages and behaviour were video-recorded prior to harvesting corals after a 20-month growth period and seven months post-coral harvesting. The density (ind. m(-2)) of blue-yellow damselfish Pomacentrus caeruleus was 12-16 times higher when corals were present than when corals were absent at the nurseries. Fish assemblages recruited into the nurseries included three trophic levels, from herbivores to omnivores, in six families: Ephippidae, Pomacentridae, Labridae (Scarinae), Gobiidae, Siganidae and Monacanthidae. Higher abundance of large fish (total number of individuals) resulted in 2.75 times less person-hours spent in nursery cleaning. These results have important implications for cost-effective coral reef restoration. C1 [Frias-Torres, S.; Goehlich, H.; Reveret, C.; Montoya-Maya, P. H.] Isl Conservat Ctr, Nat Seychelles, Amitie, Praslin, Seychelles. [Frias-Torres, S.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Goehlich, H.] Univ Rostock, Inst Biol Sci, Rostock, Germany. [Reveret, C.] CREOCEAN, La Rochelle, France. RP Frias-Torres, S (reprint author), Isl Conservat Ctr, Nat Seychelles, Amitie, Praslin, Seychelles.; Frias-Torres, S (reprint author), Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. EM sfriastorres@gmail.com FU United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Reef Rescuers Project [674-A-00-10-00123-00] FX We thank K Rowe, M Mullins, D Quinlan and D Soto for help during fieldwork and N Shah for commenting on an earlier draft of the manuscript. Funding to Nature Seychelles was received through the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) Reef Rescuers Project 674-A-00-10-00123-00. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL INQUIRY SERVICES CENTRE PTY LTD PI GRAHAMSTOWN PA 19 WORCESTER STREET, PO BOX 377, GRAHAMSTOWN 6140, SOUTH AFRICA SN 1814-232X EI 1814-2338 J9 AFR J MAR SCI JI Afr. J. Mar. Sci. PY 2016 VL 38 IS 3 BP 421 EP 426 DI 10.2989/1814232X.2015.1078259 PG 6 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DY8RF UT WOS:000385397200014 ER PT J AU Van Bocxlaer, B Strong, EE AF Van Bocxlaer, Bert Strong, Ellen E. TI Anatomy, functional morphology, evolutionary ecology and systematics of the invasive gastropod Cipangopaludina japonica (Viviparidae: Bellamyinae) SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE basal Architaenioglossa; Bellamya; fecundity; geometric morphometrics; histology; reproductive anatomy; sexual dimorphism ID MALLEATUS REEVE GASTROPODA; FRESH-WATER; CAENOGASTROPODA VIVIPARIDAE; CAMPELOMA-RUFUM; NORTH-AMERICA; 3 POPULATIONS; PROSOBRANCHIA; PHYLOGENY; SNAILS; MONTREAL AB The anatomy, functional morphology and evolutionary ecology of the Viviparidae, and the subfamily Bellamyinae in particular, are incompletely known. Partly as a result, genealogical relationships within the family remain poorly understood. Because of this lack in knowledge, few informed hypotheses exist on ancestral states, how differences in body plans between the subfamilies evolved, and how the peculiar biogeographic distribution patterns of viviparids have arisen. Here we document the anatomy, morphology, life history and systematics of Cipango-paludina japonica, a Japanese species that has been introduced into North America, to resolve taxonomic confusion and to improve our understanding of how form and function are related in bellamyines. Anatomical and histological examinations demonstrate marked differences between C. japonica and other bellamyines in the radula, salivary gland, kidney, nerve ring and reproductive organs. Substantial differences also exist between male and female body organization, but conchological differences between sexes in semi-landmark morphometric analyses are limited. The volume of the brood pouch of females, and hence body and shell size, appear to be good predictors of reproductive success, and the species' ecological versatility may relate to high fecundity and the ability to alternate between feeding modes. Comparing our observations on C. japonica with other viviparids and basal Architaenioglossa, we identify several persistent misinterpretations in the literature on how form and function are related in viviparids, not in the least as to female reproductive anatomy. Our reinterpretations improve understanding of the evolution of Viviparidae and its subfamilies, and hopefully will allow future workers to isolate key traits that shaped the evolution of viviparids at the taxonomic levels of their interest for more detailed studies. C1 [Van Bocxlaer, Bert] Leibniz Inst Evolut & Biodivers Sci, Museum Nat Kunde, Invalidenstr 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany. [Van Bocxlaer, Bert] Univ Giessen, Dept Anim Ecol & Systemat, Heinrich Buff Ring 26-32 IFZ, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Van Bocxlaer, Bert; Strong, Ellen E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, POB 37012,MRC 163, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Van Bocxlaer, Bert] Univ Ghent, Dept Biol, Limnol Unit, KL Ledeganckstr 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. RP Van Bocxlaer, B (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Evolut & Biodivers Sci, Museum Nat Kunde, Invalidenstr 43, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.; Van Bocxlaer, B (reprint author), Univ Giessen, Dept Anim Ecol & Systemat, Heinrich Buff Ring 26-32 IFZ, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.; Van Bocxlaer, B (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, POB 37012,MRC 163, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Van Bocxlaer, B (reprint author), Univ Ghent, Dept Biol, Limnol Unit, KL Ledeganckstr 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. EM bert.vanbocxlaer@ugent.be FU Peter Buck Fellowship of the Smithsonian Institution; Alexander von Humboldt Fellowship; Fellowship of the Flanders Research Foundation FX We thank two anonymous referees for constructive comments that improved the manuscript significantly; Elizabeth Diamond (USNM) for assistance with histology; Paul Greenhall and Kristen Mercer (USNM) for shipping and cataloguing specimens. BVB was supported by a Peter Buck Fellowship of the Smithsonian Institution, an Alexander von Humboldt Fellowship and a Fellowship of the Flanders Research Foundation. NR 98 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU NATURALIS BIODIVERSITY CENTER PI LEIDEN PA DARWINWEG 2, LEIDEN, 2333 CR, NETHERLANDS SN 1383-4517 EI 1875-9866 J9 CONTRIB ZOOL JI Contrib. Zool. PY 2016 VL 85 IS 2 BP 235 EP 263 PG 29 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DZ6ZT UT WOS:000386013100002 ER PT S AU McLeod, BA Smith, R AF McLeod, Brian A. Smith, Roger BE Holland, AD Beletic, J TI Mitigation of H2RG persistence with image illumination SO HIGH ENERGY, OPTICAL, AND INFRARED DETECTORS FOR ASTRONOMY VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy VII CY JUN 26-29, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE infrared detectors; persistence; HAWAII-2RG AB Residual charge generation, or image persistence, in infrared detectors is a problem that affects many low-light astronomical instruments. The HAWAII-2RG in the MMT & Magellan Infrared Spectrograph shows significant persistence when first powered up. We describe here how we reduce the persistence sensitivity of this detector by exposure to light. C1 [McLeod, Brian A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Smith, Roger] CALTECH, Caltech Opt Observ, MC105-24,1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP McLeod, BA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM bmcleod@cfa.harvard.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0209-0; 978-1-5106-0210-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9915 AR UNSP 99150G DI 10.1117/12.2233083 PN 1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BF9PM UT WOS:000385793400014 ER PT S AU Launius, RD AF Launius, Roger D. BE Freeman, M TI The Railroad and the Space Program Revisited: Historical Analogues and the Stimulation of Commercial Space Operations SO HISTORY OF ROCKETRY AND ASTRONAUTICS: PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-EIGHTH HISTORY SYMPOSIUM OF THE INTERNATIONAL ACADEMY OF ASTRONAUTICS, 2014 SE AAS History Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 48th History Symposium of the International Academy of Astronautics CY SEP, 2014 CL Toronto, CANADA AB In 1965 historian Bruce Mazlish edited the NASA-sponsored study, The Railroad and the Space Program: An Exploration in Historical Analogy (MET Press), seeking to understand the historical record of government stimulation of private sector investment in infrastructure for the public good. The study team explored several specific episodes of American railroad history. It took as its mission: "In all of these studies an effort will be made to move from the impact of the railroad in the specific area under consideration to an analogy with the possible space impact today in similar areas." While the result was disappointing at the time there remain lessons to be gained in exploring the historical analogue of railroad building and operation in the nineteenth century and their application to an expansion of space exploitation. While many are familiar with the enticing of American transcontinental railroad construction through land grants, national, state, and local governments had engaged in a range of other stimulative efforts to facilitate railroad development. These included tax breaks, investment credits, and otherwise favorable decisions supporting these business interests. It also involved, in some instances, direct subsidies for a time, monopolies not only on railroad operations but also in ancillary and even tertiary industries, and changes to regulations to ease requirements for labor, safety, and other factors. This chapter revisits this analogue, drawing several key findings from the railroad experience. It suggests that there is a broad range of options that have been pursued in the past to stimulate investment in infrastructure in this case in railroads-that have application for future space operations. Not all of these options were successful some failed outright and others had detrimental unintended consequences and that will be discussed as well. C1 [Launius, Roger D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Launius, RD (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASTRONAUTICAL SOC PI SAN DIEGO PA PUBLICATIONS OFFICE PO BOX 28130, SAN DIEGO, CA 92128 USA SN 0730-3564 BN 978-0-87703-628-9; 978-0-87703-627-2 J9 AAS HIST SER PY 2016 VL 46 BP 189 EP 205 PG 17 WC Engineering, Aerospace; History & Philosophy Of Science SC Engineering; History & Philosophy of Science GA BF8ZF UT WOS:000385321800010 ER PT J AU Tiiman, A Luo, JH Wallin, C Olsson, L Lindgren, J Jarvet, J Roose, P Sholts, SB Rahimipour, S Abrahams, JP Karlstrom, AE Graslund, A Warmlander, SKTS AF Tiiman, Ann Luo, Jinghui Wallin, Cecilia Olsson, Lisa Lindgren, Joel Jarvet, Juri Roose, Per Sholts, Sabrina B. Rahimipour, Shai Abrahams, Jan Pieter Karlstrom, Amelie Eriksson Graslund, Astrid Warmlander, Sebastian K. T. S. TI Specific Binding of Cu(II) Ions to Amyloid-Beta Peptides Bound to Aggregation-Inhibiting Molecules or SDS Micelles Creates Complexes that Generate Radical Oxygen Species SO JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; copper-binding protein; hydrogen peroxide; membrane chemistry; neurodegeneration; protein aggregation ID AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; SYNTHETIC MODEL PROTEINS; HELICAL COILED-COILS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; METAL-IONS; CASCADE HYPOTHESIS; SERUM COPPER; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY AB Aggregation of the amyloid-beta (A beta) peptide into insoluble plaques is a major factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Another major factor in AD is arguably metal ions, as metal dyshomeostasis is observed in AD patients, metal ions modulate A beta aggregation, and AD plaques contain numerous metals including redox-active Cu and Fe ions. In vivo, A beta is found in various cellular locations including membranes. So far, Cu(II)/A beta interactions and ROS generation have not been investigated in a membrane environment. Here, we study Cu(II) and Zn(II) interactions with A beta bound to SDS micelles or to engineered aggregation-inhibiting molecules (the cyclic peptide CP-2 and the Z(A beta 3)(12-58) Y18L Affibody molecule). In all studied systems the A beta N-terminal segment was found to be unbound, unstructured, and free to bind metal ions. In SDS micelles, A beta was found to bind Cu(II) and Zn(II) with the same ligands and the same K-D as in aqueous solution. ROS was generated in all Cu(II)/A beta complexes. These results indicate that binding of A beta to membranes, drugs, and other entities that do not interact with the A beta N-terminal part, appears not to compromise the N-terminal segment's ability to bind metal ions, nor impede the capacity of N-terminally bound Cu(II) to generate ROS. C1 [Tiiman, Ann; Luo, Jinghui; Wallin, Cecilia; Olsson, Lisa; Jarvet, Juri; Sholts, Sabrina B.; Graslund, Astrid; Warmlander, Sebastian K. T. S.] Stockholm Univ, Arrhenius Labs, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Stockholm, Sweden. [Luo, Jinghui] Univ Oxford, Chem Res Lab, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Lindgren, Joel] Affibody AB, Solna, Sweden. [Jarvet, Juri] NICPB, Tallinn, Estonia. [Roose, Per] Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Stockholm, Sweden. [Roose, Per] Capio St Goran Hosp, Dept Clin Physiol, Stockholm, Sweden. [Sholts, Sabrina B.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Rahimipour, Shai] Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Chem, Ramat Gan, Israel. [Abrahams, Jan Pieter] Univ Basel, Biozentrum, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland. [Abrahams, Jan Pieter] Paul Scherrer Inst, Lab Biomol Res, Villigen, Switzerland. [Karlstrom, Amelie Eriksson] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Sch Biotechnol, Stockholm, Sweden. RP Warmlander, SKTS (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Arrhenius Labs, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Stockholm, Sweden. EM seb@dbb.su.se FU Magnus Bergvall foundation; Swedish Research Council; Brain Foundation FX The work was funded by grants from the Magnus Bergvall foundation to SW, and from the Swedish Research Council and the Brain Foundation to AG. The discussion of the results was greatly improved by the insightful and constructive comments by the anonymous reviewers. NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-2877 EI 1875-8908 J9 J ALZHEIMERS DIS JI J. Alzheimers Dis. PY 2016 VL 54 IS 3 BP 971 EP 982 DI 10.3233/JAD-160427 PG 12 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA DZ2DF UT WOS:000385651800012 PM 27567855 ER PT J AU Zarina, G Sholts, SB Tichinin, A Rudovica, V Viksna, A Engizere, A Muiznieks, V Bartelink, EJ Warmlander, SKTS AF Zarina, Gunita Sholts, Sabrina B. Tichinin, Alina Rudovica, Vita Viksna, Arturs Engizere, Austra Muiznieks, Vitolds Bartelink, Eric J. Warmlander, Sebastian K. T. S. TI Cribra orbitalia as a potential indicator of childhood stress: Evidence from paleopathology, stable C, N, and O isotopes, and trace element concentrations in children from a 17th-18th century cemetery in Jekabpils, Latvia SO JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; Bioarchaeology; Nutrition; Physical anthropology; Trace elements; Cribra orbitalia ID IRON-DEFICIENCY-ANEMIA; POROTIC HYPEROSTOSIS; COPPER DEFICIENCY; BONE; DIET; SAMPLES; RATIOS; CHICK; LEAD AB Cribra orbitalia (CO), or porotic hyperostosis (PH) of the orbital roof, is one of the most common pathological conditions found in archaeological subadult skeletal remains. Reaching frequencies higher than 50% in many prehistoric samples, CO has been generally attributed to a variety of factors including malnutrition (e.g., megaloblastic anemia) and parasitism. In this study, we tested the relationship between CO, trace element concentrations, and stable isotope values (delta C-13, delta N-15, delta O-18) in subadult skeletons from a 17th to 18th century cemetery in the historic town of Jekabpils, Latvia. A total of 28 subadults were examined, seven of which (25%) showed evidence of CO. Bioarchaeological evidence indicated high mortality for children in this cemetery: half of the burials were subadults under the age of 14, while a third were under the age of four. Life expectancy at birth was estimated to have been only 21.6 years. Trace element concentrations measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) showed no relationship between presence or absence of CO and levels of manganese, zinc, strontium, barium, copper, cadmium, or lead in the bones (p>0.05). However, a significant correlation (p<0.05) was found between the presence of CO and decreased levels of iron. The correlations between CO and decreased levels of copper and lead approached significance (p=0.056 for both elements). Individuals with CO furthermore displayed significantly lower delta N-15 isotope values, suggesting greater consumption of lower trophic level food resources than those unaffected by CO; delta C-13 and delta O-18 values, in contrast, showed no significant differences. These results suggest that the prevalence of CO may be related to dietary deficiencies. In this case, low iron levels may also signify a diet low in other key vitamins (e.g., B-g and B-12), which are known to cause megaloblastic anemia. (C) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Zarina, Gunita] Univ Latvia, Inst Latvian Hist, Riga, Latvia. [Sholts, Sabrina B.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Tichinin, Alina; Bartelink, Eric J.] Calif State Univ Chico, Dept Anthropol, Chico, CA 95929 USA. [Rudovica, Vita; Viksna, Arturs] Univ Latvia, Dept Analyt Chem, Riga, Latvia. [Engizere, Austra; Muiznieks, Vitolds] Latvian Natl Museum Hist, Riga, Latvia. [Warmlander, Sebastian K. T. S.] Univ Stockholm, Div Biophys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Warmlander, Sebastian K. T. S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Cotsen Inst Archaeol, Getty Conservat Programme, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Warmlander, SKTS (reprint author), Univ Stockholm, Div Biophys, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM seb@dbb.su.se NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0946-672X J9 J TRACE ELEM MED BIO JI J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. PY 2016 VL 38 SI SI BP 131 EP 137 DI 10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.05.008 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DY9RU UT WOS:000385473600016 PM 27289401 ER PT J AU Wallin, C Kulkarni, YS Abelein, A Jarvet, J Liao, QH Strodel, B Olsson, L Luo, JH Abrahams, JP Sholts, SB Roos, PM Kamerlin, SCL Graslund, A Warmlander, SKTS AF Wallin, Cecilia Kulkarni, Yashraj S. Abelein, Axel Jarvet, Juri Liao, Qinghua Strodel, Birgit Olsson, Lisa Luo, Jinghui Abrahams, Jan Pieter Sholts, Sabrina B. Roos, Per M. Kamerlin, Shina C. L. Graslund, Astrid Warmlander, Sebastian K. T. S. TI Characterization of Mn(II) ion binding to the amyloid-beta peptide in Alzheimer's disease SO JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Manganese; Neurodegeneration; Metal-protein binding; Spectroscopy; Molecular dynamics ID AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; LINEAR CONSTRAINT SOLVER; PARTICLE MESH EWALD; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; METAL-IONS; A-BETA; FORCE-FIELD; MOLECULAR SIMULATION; COPPER-BINDING; BLOOD-PLASMA AB Growing evidence links neurodegenerative diseases to metal exposure. Aberrant metal ion concentrations have been noted in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains, yet the role of metals in AD pathogenesis remains unresolved. A major factor in AD pathogenesis is considered to be aggregation of and amyloid formation by amyloid-beta (A beta) peptides. Previous studies have shown that A beta displays specific binding to Cu(II) and Zn(II) ions, and such binding has been shown to modulate A beta aggregation. Here, we use nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to show that Mn(II) ions also bind to the N-terminal part of the A beta(1-40) peptide, with a weak binding affinity in the milli- to micromolar range. Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, solid state atomic force microscopy (AFM), fluorescence spectroscopy, and molecular modeling suggest that the weak binding of Mn(II) to A beta may not have a large effect on the peptide's aggregation into amyloid fibrils. However, identification of an additional metal ion displaying A beta binding reveals more complex AD metal chemistry than has been previously considered in the literature. (C) 2016 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Wallin, Cecilia; Abelein, Axel; Jarvet, Juri; Olsson, Lisa; Luo, Jinghui; Sholts, Sabrina B.; Graslund, Astrid; Warmlander, Sebastian K. T. S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Svante Arrhenius Vag 16C, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Kulkarni, Yashraj S.; Kamerlin, Shina C. L.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Husargatan 3, S-75124 Uppsala, Sweden. [Abelein, Axel] Karolinska Inst, Div Neurogeriatr, Dept Neurobiol Care Sci & Soc NVS, H1,Novum Pl 5, S-14157 Stockholm, Sweden. [Jarvet, Juri] NICPB, Akad Tee 23, EE-12618 Tallinn, Estonia. [Liao, Qinghua; Strodel, Birgit] Forschungszentrum Julich, Inst Complex Syst Struct Biochem, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Strodel, Birgit] Univ Dusseldorf, Inst Theoret & Computat Chem, Univ Str 1, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. [Luo, Jinghui] Univ Oxford, Chem Res Lab, 12 Mansfield Rd, Oxford OX1 3TA, England. [Abrahams, Jan Pieter] Univ Basel, Biozentrum, Klingelbergstr 70, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. [Abrahams, Jan Pieter] Paul Scherrer Inst, Dept Biol & Chem, Lab Biomol Res, OFLC 102, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Sholts, Sabrina B.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Roos, Per M.] Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Nobels Vag 13, S-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. [Roos, Per M.] Capio St Goran Hosp, Dept Clin Physiol, St Goransplan 1, S-11219 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Warmlander, SKTS (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Svante Arrhenius Vag 16C, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM seb@dbb.su.se RI Abrahams, Jan Pieter/G-7287-2016 OI Abrahams, Jan Pieter/0000-0001-8216-1868 NR 84 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0946-672X J9 J TRACE ELEM MED BIO JI J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. PY 2016 VL 38 SI SI BP 183 EP 193 DI 10.1016/j.jtemb.2016.03.009 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DY9RU UT WOS:000385473600023 PM 27085215 ER PT S AU Bender, AN Ade, PAR Andersond, AJ Avva, J Ahmed, Z Arnold, K Austermann, JE Thakur, RB Benson, BA Bleem, LE Byrum, K Carlstrom, JE Carter, FW Chang, CL Cho, HM Cliche, JF Crawford, TM Cukierman, A Czaplewski, D Ding, J Divan, R de Haan, T Dobbs, MA Dutcher, D Everett, W Gilbert, A Groh, JC Guyser, R Halverson, NW Harke-Hosemann, A Harrington, NL Hattori, K Henning, JW Hilton, GC Holzapfel, WL Huang, N Irwin, KD Jeong, O Khaire, T Korman, M Kubik, D Kuo, CL Lee, AT Leitch, EM Lendinez, S Meyer, SS Miller, CS Montgomery, J Nadolski, A Natoli, T Nguyen, H Noyosad, V Padin, S Pan, Z Pearson, J Posada, CM Rahlin, A Reichardt, CL Ruhl, JE Saliwanchik, BR Sayre, JT Shariff, JA Shirley, I Shirokoff, E Smecher, G Sobrin, J Stan, L Stark, AA Story, K Suzuki, A Tang, QY Thompson, KL Tucker, C Vanderlinde, K Vieira, JD Wang, G Whitehorn, N Yefremenko, V Yoon, KW AF Bender, A. N. Ade, P. A. R. Andersond, A. J. Avva, J. Ahmed, Z. Arnold, K. Austermann, J. E. Thakur, R. Basu Benson, B. A. Bleem, L. E. Byrum, K. Carlstrom, J. E. Carter, F. W. Chang, C. L. Cho, H. M. Cliche, J. F. Crawford, T. M. Cukierman, A. Czaplewski, D. Ding, J. Divan, R. de Haan, T. Dobbs, M. A. Dutcher, D. Everett, W. Gilbert, A. Groh, J. C. Guyser, R. Halverson, N. W. Harke-Hosemann, A. Harrington, N. L. Hattori, K. Henning, J. W. Hilton, G. C. Holzapfel, W. L. Huang, N. Irwin, K. D. Jeong, O. Khaire, T. Korman, M. Kubik, D. Kuo, C. L. Lee, A. T. Leitch, E. M. Lendinez, S. Meyer, S. S. Miller, C. S. Montgomery, J. Nadolski, A. Natoli, T. Nguyen, H. Noyosad, V. Padin, S. Pan, Z. Pearson, J. Posada, C. M. Rahlin, A. Reichardt, C. L. Ruhl, J. E. Saliwanchik, B. R. Sayre, J. T. Shariff, J. A. Shirley, I. Shirokoff, E. Smecher, G. Sobrin, J. Stan, L. Stark, A. A. Story, K. Suzuki, A. Tang, Q. Y. Thompson, K. L. Tucker, C. Vanderlinde, K. Vieira, J. D. Wang, G. Whitehorn, N. Yefremenko, V. Yoon, K. W. BE Holland, WS Zmuidzinas, J TI Integrated Performance of a Frequency Domain Multiplexing Readout in the SPT-3G Receiver SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII CY JUN 28-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE ID QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE; ARRAYS AB The third generation receiver for the South Pole Telescope, SPT-3G, will make extremely deep, arcminute-resolution maps of the temperature and polarization of the cosmic microwave background. The SPT-3G maps will enable studies of the B-mode polarization signature, constraining primordial gravitational waves as well as the effect of massive neutrinos on structure formation in the late universe. The SPT-3G receiver will achieve exceptional sensitivity through a focal plane of similar to 16,000 transition-edge sensor bolometers, an order of magnitude more than the current SPTpol receiver. SPT-3G uses a frequency domain multiplexing (fMux) scheme to read out the focal plane, combining the signals from 64 bolometers onto a single pair of wires. The fMux readout facilitates the large number of detectors in the SPT-3G focal plane by limiting the thermal load due to readout wiring on the 250 millikelvin cryogenic stage. A second advantage of the fMux system is that the operation of each bolometer can be optimized. In addition to these benefits, the fMux readout introduces new challenges into the design and operation of the receiver. The bolometers are operated at a range of frequencies up to 5 MHz, requiring control of stray reactances over a large bandwidth. Additionally, crosstalk between multiplexed detectors will inject large false signals into the data if not adequately mitigated. SPT-3G is scheduled to deploy to the South Pole Telescope in late 2016. Here, we present the pre-deployment performance of the fMux readout system with the SPT-3G focal plane. C1 [Bender, A. N.; Bleem, L. E.; Byrum, K.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Carter, F. W.; Chang, C. L.; Yefremenko, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Bender, A. N.; Andersond, A. J.; Thakur, R. Basu; Benson, B. A.; Bleem, L. E.; Carter, F. W.; Chang, C. L.; Crawford, T. M.; Dutcher, D.; Henning, J. W.; Meyer, S. S.; Padin, S.; Pan, Z.; Shirokoff, E.; Sobrin, J.; Tang, Q. Y.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Ade, P. A. R.; Tucker, C.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3YB, S Glam, Wales. [Andersond, A. J.; Benson, B. A.; Nguyen, H.; Rahlin, A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, MS209,POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Avva, J.; Cukierman, A.; de Haan, T.; Groh, J. C.; Harrington, N. L.; Holzapfel, W. L.; Huang, N.; Jeong, O.; Lee, A. T.; Shirley, I.; Suzuki, A.; Whitehorn, N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ahmed, Z.; Irwin, K. D.; Kuo, C. L.; Story, K.; Thompson, K. L.; Yoon, K. W.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ahmed, Z.; Irwin, K. D.; Kuo, C. L.; Story, K.; Thompson, K. L.; Yoon, K. W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ahmed, Z.; Irwin, K. D.; Kuo, C. L.; Thompson, K. L.; Yoon, K. W.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Arnold, K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Austermann, J. E.; Hilton, G. C.] NIST Quantum Devices Grp, 325 Broadway Mailcode 817-03, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Benson, B. A.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Crawford, T. M.; Leitch, E. M.; Meyer, S. S.; Shirokoff, E.; Tang, Q. Y.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.; Meyer, S. S.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.; Dutcher, D.; Meyer, S. S.; Sobrin, J.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Cliche, J. F.; Dobbs, M. A.; Gilbert, A.; Montgomery, J.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, 3600 Rue Univ, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Czaplewski, D.; Divan, R.; Miller, C. S.; Stan, L.] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Ding, J.; Lendinez, S.; Noyosad, V.; Pearson, J.; Posada, C. M.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Dobbs, M. A.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, CIFAR Program Cosmol & Grav, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada. [Everett, W.; Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, CASA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Guyser, R.; Harke-Hosemann, A.; Nadolski, A.; Vieira, J. D.] Univ Illinois, Astron Dept, 1002 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Halverson, N. W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Hattori, K.] High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Korman, M.; Ruhl, J. E.; Saliwanchik, B. R.; Shariff, J. A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lee, A. T.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Phys Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Vanderlinde, K.] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Reichardt, C. L.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Smecher, G.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Stark, A. A.] Three Speed Log Inc, Vancouver, BC V6A 2J8, Canada. [Natoli, T.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Vieira, J. D.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Bender, AN (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.; Bender, AN (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, 5640 South Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM abender@anl.gov RI Novosad, V /J-4843-2015; DING, Junjia/K-2277-2013; OI DING, Junjia/0000-0002-9917-9156; Stark, Antony/0000-0002-2718-9996 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0207-6; 978-1-5106-0208-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9914 AR UNSP 99141D DI 10.1117/12.2232146 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BF9PQ UT WOS:000385793800032 ER PT S AU Grayson, JA Ade, PAR Ahmed, Z Alexander, KD Amiri, M Barkats, D Benton, SJ Bischoff, CA Bock, JJ Boenish, H Bowens-Rubin, R Buder, I Bullock, E Buza, V Connors, J Filippini, JP Fliescher, S Halpern, M Harrison, S Hilton, GC Hristov, VV Hui, H Irwin, KD Kang, J Karkare, KS Karpel, E Kefeli, S Kernasovskiy, SA Kovac, JM Kuo, CL Leitch, EM Lueker, M Megerian, KG Monticue, V Namikawa, T Netterfield, CB Nguyen, HT O'Brient, R Ogburn, RW Pryke, C Reintsema, CD Richter, S Schwarz, R Sorensen, C Sheehy, CD Staniszewski, ZK Steinbach, B Teply, GP Thompson, KL Tolan, JE Tucker, C Turner, AD Vieregg, AG Wandui, A Weber, AC Wiebe, DV Willmert, J Wu, WLK Yoon, KW AF Grayson, J. A. Ade, P. A. R. Ahmed, Z. Alexander, K. D. Amiri, M. Barkats, D. Benton, S. J. Bischoff, C. A. Bock, J. J. Boenish, H. Bowens-Rubin, R. Buder, I. Bullock, E. Buza, V. Connors, J. Filippini, J. P. Fliescher, S. Halpern, M. Harrison, S. Hilton, G. C. Hristov, V. V. Hui, H. Irwin, K. D. Kang, J. Karkare, K. S. Karpel, E. Kefeli, S. Kernasovskiy, S. A. Kovac, J. M. Kuo, C. L. Leitch, E. M. Lueker, M. Megerian, K. G. Monticue, V. Namikawa, T. Netterfield, C. B. Nguyen, H. T. O'Brient, R. Ogburn, R. W. Pryke, C. Reintsema, C. D. Richter, S. Schwarz, R. Sorensen, C. Sheehy, C. D. Staniszewski, Z. K. Steinbach, B. Teply, G. P. Thompson, K. L. Tolan, J. E. Tucker, C. Turner, A. D. Vieregg, A. G. Wandui, A. Weber, A. C. Wiebe, D. V. Willmert, J. Wu, W. L. K. Yoon, K. W. BE Holland, WS Zmuidzinas, J TI BICEP3 performance overview and planned Keck Array upgrade SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII CY JUN 28-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Cosmic Microwave Background; Inflation; Gravitational Waves; Polarization; BICEP; Keck Array ID B-MODE POLARIZATION; BOLOMETERS AB BICEP3 is a 520mm aperture, compact two-lens refractor designed to observe the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at 95 GHz. Its focal plane consists of modularized tiles of antenna-coupled transition edge sensors (TESs), similar to those used in BICEP2 and the Keck Array. The increased per-receiver optical throughput compared to BICEP2/Keck Array, due to both its faster f/1.7 optics and the larger aperture, more than doubles the combined mapping speed of the BICEP/Keck program. The BICEP3 receiver was recently upgraded to a full complement of 20 tiles of detectors (2560 TESs) and is now beginning its second year of observation (and first science season) at the South Pole. We report on its current performance and observing plans. Given its high per-receiver throughput while maintaining the advantages of a compact design, BICEP3-class receivers are ideally suited as building blocks for a 3rd-generation CMB experiment, consisting of multiple receivers spanning 35 GHz to 270 GHz with total detector count in the tens of thousands. We present plans for such an array, the new "BICEP Array" that will replace the Keck Array at the South Pole, including design optimization, frequency coverage, and deployment/observing strategies. C1 [Grayson, J. A.; Ahmed, Z.; Irwin, K. D.; Kang, J.; Karpel, E.; Kernasovskiy, S. A.; Kuo, C. L.; Monticue, V.; Namikawa, T.; Ogburn, R. W.; Thompson, K. L.; Tolan, J. E.; Wandui, A.; Wu, W. L. K.; Yoon, K. W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Grayson, J. A.; Ahmed, Z.; Irwin, K. D.; Kang, J.; Karpel, E.; Kernasovskiy, S. A.; Kuo, C. L.; Monticue, V.; Namikawa, T.; Ogburn, R. W.; Thompson, K. L.; Tolan, J. E.; Wandui, A.; Wu, W. L. K.; Yoon, K. W.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Ade, P. A. R.; Halpern, M.; Tucker, C.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Alexander, K. D.; Barkats, D.; Bischoff, C. A.; Boenish, H.; Bowens-Rubin, R.; Buder, I.; Buza, V.; Connors, J.; Harrison, S.; Karkare, K. S.; Kovac, J. M.; Richter, S.; Sorensen, C.; Vieregg, A. G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Amiri, M.; Wiebe, D. V.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Benton, S. J.; Netterfield, C. B.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Benton, S. J.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Bock, J. J.; Filippini, J. P.; Hristov, V. V.; Hui, H.; Kefeli, S.; Lueker, M.; O'Brient, R.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Steinbach, B.; Teply, G. P.] CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Bock, J. J.; Megerian, K. G.; Nguyen, H. T.; O'Brient, R.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Turner, A. D.; Weber, A. C.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Bullock, E.; Pryke, C.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Buza, V.; Kovac, J. M.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Filippini, J. P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Filippini, J. P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Fliescher, S.; Pryke, C.; Schwarz, R.; Sheehy, C. D.; Willmert, J.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Hilton, G. C.; Irwin, K. D.; Reintsema, C. D.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Leitch, E. M.; Sheehy, C. D.; Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Netterfield, C. B.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada. [Teply, G. P.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Wu, W. L. K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Grayson, JA (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Grayson, JA (reprint author), SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM jgrayson@stanford.edu OI Karkare, Kirit/0000-0002-5215-6993; Namikawa, Toshiya/0000-0003-3070-9240 NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0207-6; 978-1-5106-0208-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9914 AR UNSP 99140S DI 10.1117/12.2233894 PN 1 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BF9PQ UT WOS:000385793800017 ER PT S AU Grimes, P Blundell, R Paine, S Tong, CYE Zeng, LZ AF Grimes, Paul Blundell, Ray Paine, Scott Tong, C. -Y. Edward Zeng, Lingzhen BE Holland, WS Zmuidzinas, J TI Next Generation Receivers for the Submillimeter Array SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII CY JUN 28-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Millimeter interferometry; Submillimeter interferometry; Millimeter receivers; Submillimeter receivers; Radio telescopes AB The Submillimeter Array (SMA) is an 8-element mm/sub-mm interferometer on the summit of Maunakea, Hawaii that is operated jointly by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ASIAA). After nearly 13 years of operation, we are undertaking a major upgrade of the array's cryogenics, receivers and other systems that will enhance the science capabilities of the array and replace components reaching end-of-life. Here we describe the new receivers, containing dual-polarization, ultra-wideband SIS mixers operating at 230 and 345 GHz, the new ultra-wideband IF signal transport and correlator system, and the enhanced observing capabilities that will be enabled by this upgrade. C1 [Grimes, Paul; Blundell, Ray; Paine, Scott; Tong, C. -Y. Edward; Zeng, Lingzhen] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Grimes, P (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM pgrimes@cfa.harvard.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0207-6; 978-1-5106-0208-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9914 AR UNSP 991424 DI 10.1117/12.2232790 PN 1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BF9PQ UT WOS:000385793800052 ER PT S AU Harrington, K Marriage, T Ali, A Appel, JW Bennett, CL Boone, F Brewer, M Chan, MW Chuss, DT Colazo, F Dahal, S Denis, K Dunner, R Eimer, J Essinger-Hileman, T Fluxa, P Halpern, M Hilton, G Hinshaw, GF Hubmayr, J Iuliano, J Karakla, J McMahon, J Miller, NT Moseley, SH Palma, G Parker, L Petroff, M Pradenas, B Rostem, K Sagliocca, M Valle, D Watts, D Wollack, E Xu, ZL Zeng, LZ AF Harrington, Kathleen Marriage, Tobias Ali, Aamir Appel, John W. Bennett, Charles L. Boone, Fletcher Brewer, Michael Chan, Manwei Chuss, David T. Colazo, Felipe Dahal, Sumit Denis, Kevin Dunner, Rolando Eimer, Joseph Essinger-Hileman, Thomas Fluxa, Pedro Halpern, Mark Hilton, Gene Hinshaw, Gary F. Hubmayr, Johannes Iuliano, Jeffery Karakla, John McMahon, Jeff Miller, Nathan T. Moseley, Samuel H. Palma, Gonzalo Parker, Lucas Petroff, Matthew Pradenas, Bastian Rostem, Karwan Sagliocca, Marco Valle, Deniz Watts, Duncan Wollack, Edward Xu, Zhilei Zeng, Lingzhen BE Holland, WS Zmuidzinas, J TI The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII CY JUN 28-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE ID PROBE WMAP OBSERVATIONS; B-MODE POLARIZATION; MICROWAVE BACKGROUND POLARIMETRY; INFLATIONARY UNIVERSE; FLATNESS; HORIZON AB The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) is a four telescope array designed to characterize relic primordial gravitational waves from inflation and the optical depth to reionization through a measurement of the polarized cosmic microwave background (CMB) on the largest angular scales. The frequencies of the four CLASS telescopes, one at 38 GHz, two at 93 GHz, and one dichroic system at 145/217 GHz, are chosen to avoid spectral regions of high atmospheric emission and span the minimum of the polarized Galactic foregrounds: synchrotron emission at lower frequencies and dust emission at higher frequencies. Low-noise transition edge sensor detectors and a rapid front-end polarization modulator provide a unique combination of high sensitivity, stability, and control of systematics. The CLASS site, at 5200 m in the Chilean Atacama desert, allows for daily mapping of up to 70% of the sky and enables the characterization of CMB polarization at the largest angular scales. Using this combination of a broad frequency range, large sky coverage, control over systematics, and high sensitivity, CLASS will observe the reionization and recombination peaks of the CMB E- and B-mode power spectra. CLASS will make a cosmic variance limited measurement of the optical depth to reionization and will measure or place upper limits on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, r, down to a level of 0.01 (95% C.L.). C1 [Harrington, Kathleen; Marriage, Tobias; Ali, Aamir; Appel, John W.; Bennett, Charles L.; Brewer, Michael; Chan, Manwei; Dahal, Sumit; Eimer, Joseph; Essinger-Hileman, Thomas; Iuliano, Jeffery; Karakla, John; Miller, Nathan T.; Parker, Lucas; Petroff, Matthew; Rostem, Karwan; Valle, Deniz; Watts, Duncan; Xu, Zhilei] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Halpern, Mark; Hinshaw, Gary F.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Colazo, Felipe; Denis, Kevin; Miller, Nathan T.; Moseley, Samuel H.; Rostem, Karwan; Wollack, Edward] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 660, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Chuss, David T.; Sagliocca, Marco] Villanova Univ, Dept Phys, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. [Boone, Fletcher; McMahon, Jeff] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Dunner, Rolando; Fluxa, Pedro] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Inst Astrofis, Fac Fis, Ave Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile. [Dunner, Rolando; Fluxa, Pedro] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Ctr Astroingn, Fac Fis, Ave Vicuna Mackenna 4860, Santiago 7820436, Chile. [Hilton, Gene; Hubmayr, Johannes] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Zeng, Lingzhen] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Palma, Gonzalo; Pradenas, Bastian] Univ Chile, Dept Phys, FCFM, Blanco Encalada 2008, Santiago, Chile. RP Harrington, K (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM kharrington@jhu.edu RI Wollack, Edward/D-4467-2012 OI Wollack, Edward/0000-0002-7567-4451 NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0207-6; 978-1-5106-0208-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9914 AR UNSP 99141K DI 10.1117/12.2233125 PN 1 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BF9PQ UT WOS:000385793800038 ER PT S AU Hui, H Ade, PAR Ahmed, Z Alexander, KD Amiri, M Barkats, D Benton, SJ Bischoff, CA Bock, JJ Boenish, H Bowens-Rubin, R Buder, I Bullock, E Buza, V Connors, J Filippini, JP Fliescher, S Grayson, JA Halpern, M Harrison, S Hilton, GC Hristov, VV Irwin, KD Kang, J Karkare, KS Karpel, E Kefeli, S Kernasovskiy, SA Kovac, JM Kuo, CL Leitch, EM Lueker, M Megerian, KG Monticue, V Namikawa, T Netterfield, CB Nguyen, T O'Brient, R Ogburn, RW Pryke, C Reintsema, CD Richter, S Schwarz, R Sorensen, C Sheehy, CD Staniszewski, ZK Steinbach, B Teply, GP Thompson, KL Tolan, JE Tucker, C Turner, AD Vieregg, AG Wandui, A Weber, AC Wiebe, DV Willmert, J Wu, WLK Yoon, KW AF Hui, H. Ade, P. A. R. Ahmed, Z. Alexander, K. D. Amiri, M. Barkats, D. Benton, S. J. Bischoff, C. A. Bock, J. J. Boenish, H. Bowens-Rubin, R. Buder, I. Bullock, E. Buza, V. Connors, J. Filippini, J. P. Fliescher, S. Grayson, J. A. Halpern, M. Harrison, S. Hilton, G. C. Hristov, V. V. Irwin, K. D. Kang, J. Karkare, K. S. Karpel, E. Kefeli, S. Kernasovskiy, S. A. Kovac, J. M. Kuo, C. L. Leitch, E. M. Lueker, M. Megerian, K. G. Monticue, V. Namikawa, T. Netterfield, C. B. Nguyen, T. O'Brient, R. Ogburn, R. W. Pryke, C. Reintsema, C. D. Richter, S. Schwarz, R. Sorensen, C. Sheehy, C. D. Staniszewski, Z. K. Steinbach, B. Teply, G. P. Thompson, K. L. Tolan, J. E. Tucker, C. Turner, A. D. Vieregg, A. G. Wandui, A. Weber, A. C. Wiebe, D. V. Willmert, J. Wu, W. L. K. Yoon, K. W. BE Holland, WS Zmuidzinas, J TI BICEP3 focal plane design and detector performance SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII CY JUN 28-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Cosmic Microwave Background; BICEP; Keck Array; Polarization ID BOLOMETERS AB BICEP3, the latest telescope in the BICEP/Keck program, started science observations in March 2016. It is a 550mm aperture refractive telescope observing the polarization of the cosmic microwave background at 95 GHz. We show the focal plane design and detector performance, including spectral response, optical efficiency and preliminary sensitivity of the upgraded BICEP3. We demonstrate 9.72 mu K-CMB root s noise performance of the BICEP3 receiver. C1 [Hui, H.; Bock, J. J.; Filippini, J. P.; Hristov, V. V.; Kefeli, S.; Lueker, M.; O'Brient, R.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Steinbach, B.; Teply, G. P.] CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Ade, P. A. R.; Tucker, C.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Ahmed, Z.; Grayson, J. A.; Irwin, K. D.; Kang, J.; Karpel, E.; Kernasovskiy, S. A.; Kuo, C. L.; Monticue, V.; Namikawa, T.; Ogburn, R. W.; Thompson, K. L.; Tolan, J. E.; Wandui, A.; Wu, W. L. K.; Yoon, K. W.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Ahmed, Z.; Grayson, J. A.; Irwin, K. D.; Kang, J.; Karpel, E.; Kernasovskiy, S. A.; Kuo, C. L.; Monticue, V.; Namikawa, T.; Ogburn, R. W.; Thompson, K. L.; Tolan, J. E.; Wandui, A.; Wu, W. L. K.; Yoon, K. W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Alexander, K. D.; Barkats, D.; Bischoff, C. A.; Boenish, H.; Bowens-Rubin, R.; Buder, I.; Buza, V.; Connors, J.; Harrison, S.; Karkare, K. S.; Kovac, J. M.; Richter, S.; Sorensen, C.; Vieregg, A. G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Amiri, M.; Halpern, M.; Wiebe, D. V.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Benton, S. J.; Netterfield, C. B.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Benton, S. J.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Bock, J. J.; Megerian, K. G.; Nguyen, T.; O'Brient, R.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Turner, A. D.; Weber, A. C.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Bullock, E.; Pryke, C.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Buza, V.; Kovac, J. M.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Filippini, J. P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Filippini, J. P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Fliescher, S.; Pryke, C.; Schwarz, R.; Sheehy, C. D.; Willmert, J.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Hilton, G. C.; Irwin, K. D.; Reintsema, C. D.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Leitch, E. M.; Sheehy, C. D.; Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Netterfield, C. B.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada. [Teply, G. P.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Wu, W. L. K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hui, H (reprint author), CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM hhui@caltech.edu OI Karkare, Kirit/0000-0002-5215-6993; Namikawa, Toshiya/0000-0003-3070-9240 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0207-6; 978-1-5106-0208-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9914 AR UNSP 99140T DI 10.1117/12.2232986 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BF9PQ UT WOS:000385793800018 ER PT S AU Karkare, KS Ade, PAR Ahmed, Z Alexander, KD Amiri, M Barkats, D Benton, SJ Bischoff, CA Bock, JJ Boenish, H Bowens-Rubin, R Buder, I Bullock, E Buza, V Connors, J Filippini, JP Fliescher, ST Grayson, JA Halpern, M Harrison, SA Hilton, GC Hristov, VV Hui, H Irwin, KD Kang, JH Karpel, S Kefeli, S Kernasovskiy, SA Kovac, JM Kuo, CL Leitch, EM Lueker, M Megerian, KG Monticue, V Namikawa, T Netterfield, CB Nguyen, HT O'Brient, R Ogburn, RW Pryke, C Reintsema, CD Richter, S St Germaine, MT Schwarz, R Sheehy, CD Staniszewski, ZK Steinbach, B Teply, GP Thompson, KL Tolan, JE Tucker, C Turner, AD Vieregg, AG Wandui, A Weber, A Willmert, J Wong, CL Wu, WLK Yoon, KW AF Karkare, K. S. Ade, P. A. R. Ahmed, Z. Alexander, K. D. Amiri, M. Barkats, D. Benton, S. J. Bischoff, C. A. Bock, J. J. Boenish, H. Bowens-Rubin, R. Buder, I. Bullock, E. Buza, V. Connors, J. Filippini, J. P. Fliescher, S. T. Grayson, J. A. Halpern, M. Harrison, S. A. Hilton, G. C. Hristov, V. V. Hui, H. Irwin, K. D. Kang, J. H. Karpel, E. Kefeli, S. Kernasovskiy, S. A. Kovac, J. M. Kuo, C. L. Leitch, E. M. Lueker, M. Megerian, K. C. Monticue, V. Namikawa, T. Netterfield, C. B. Nguyen, H. T. O'Brient, R. Ogburn, R. W. Pryke, C. Reintsema, C. D. Richter, S. St Germaine, M. T. Schwarz, R. Sheehy, C. D. Staniszewski, Z. K. Steinbach, B. Teply, C. P. Thompson, K. L. Tolan, J. E. Tucker, C. Turner, A. D. Vieregg, A. G. Wandui, A. Weber, A. Willmert, J. Wong, C. L. Wu, W. L. K. Yoon, K. W. BE Holland, WS Zmuidzinas, J TI Optical characterization of the BICEP3 CMB polarimeter at the South Pole SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII CY JUN 28-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Inflation; Gravitational waves; Cosmic microwave background; Polarization; BICEP ID KECK ARRAY; PERFORMANCE; GHZ AB BICEP3 is a small-aperture refracting cosmic microwave background (CMB) telescope designed to make sensitive polarization maps in pursuit of a potential B-mode signal from inflationary gravitational waves. It is the latest in the BICEP/Keck Array series of CMB experiments located at the South Pole, which has provided the most stringent constraints on inflation to date. For the 2016 observing season, BICEP3 was outfitted with a full suite of 2400 optically coupled detectors operating at 95 GHz. In these proceedings we report on the far field beam performance using calibration data taken during the 2015-2016 summer deployment season in situ with a thermal chopped source. We generate high-fidelity per-detector beam maps, show the array-averaged beam profile, and characterize the differential beam response between co-located, orthogonally polarized detectors which contributes to the leading instrumental systematic in pair differencing experiments. We find that the levels of differential pointing, beamwidth, and ellipticity are similar to or lower than those measured for BICEP2 and Keck Array. The magnitude and distribution of BICEP3's differential beam mismatch - and the level to which temperature-to-polarization leakage may be marginalized over or subtracted in analysis - will inform the design of next-generation CMB experiments with many thousands of detectors. C1 [Karkare, K. S.; Alexander, K. D.; Barkats, D.; Bischoff, C. A.; Boenish, H.; Bowens-Rubin, R.; Buder, I.; Buza, V.; Connors, J.; Harrison, S. A.; Kovac, J. M.; Richter, S.; St Germaine, M. T.; Vieregg, A. G.; Wong, C. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ade, P. A. R.; Tucker, C.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Ahmed, Z.; Grayson, J. A.; Irwin, K. D.; Kang, J. H.; Karpel, E.; Kernasovskiy, S. A.; Kuo, C. L.; Monticue, V.; Namikawa, T.; Ogburn, R. W.; Thompson, K. L.; Tolan, J. E.; Wandui, A.; Wu, W. L. K.; Yoon, K. W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ahmed, Z.; Grayson, J. A.; Irwin, K. D.; Kang, J. H.; Kuo, C. L.; Namikawa, T.; Ogburn, R. W.; Thompson, K. L.; Tolan, J. E.; Wandui, A.; Wu, W. L. K.; Yoon, K. W.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Amiri, M.; Halpern, M.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Benton, S. J.; Netterfield, C. B.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada. [Benton, S. J.] Princeton Univ, Dept Phys, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Bock, J. J.; Filippini, J. P.; Hristov, V. V.; Hui, H.; Kefeli, S.; Lueker, M.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Steinbach, B.; Teply, C. P.] CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Bock, J. J.; Megerian, K. C.; Nguyen, H. T.; O'Brient, R.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Turner, A. D.; Weber, A.] Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Bullock, E.; Pryke, C.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Filippini, J. P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Filippini, J. P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Fliescher, S. T.; Pryke, C.; Schwarz, R.; Willmert, J.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Hilton, G. C.; Irwin, K. D.; Reintsema, C. D.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Leitch, E. M.; Sheehy, C. D.; Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Netterfield, C. B.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada. [Wu, W. L. K.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Karkare, KS (reprint author), 60 Garden St.MS 42, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM kkarkare@cfa.harvard.edu OI Karkare, Kirit/0000-0002-5215-6993; Namikawa, Toshiya/0000-0003-3070-9240 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0207-6; 978-1-5106-0208-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9914 AR UNSP 991430 DI 10.1117/12.2231747 PN 1 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BF9PQ UT WOS:000385793800075 ER PT S AU Posada, CM Ade, PAR Anderson, AJ Avva, J Ahmed, Z Arnold, KS Austermann, J Bender, AN Benson, BA Bleem, L Byrum, K Carlstrom, JE Carter, FW Chang, CL Cho, HM Cukierman, A Czaplewski, DA Ding, JJ Divan, RNS de Haan, T Dobbs, M Dutcher, D Everett, W Gannon, RN Guyser, RJ Halverson, NW Harrington, NL Hattori, K Henning, JW Hilton, GC Holzapfel, WL Huang, N Irwin, KD Jeong, O Khaire, T Korman, M Kubik, DL Kuo, CL Lee, AT Leitch, EM Escudero, SL Meyer, SS Miller, CS Montgomery, J Nadolski, A Natoli, TJ Nguyenm, H Novosad, V Padin, S Pan, ZD Pearson, JE Rahlin, A Reichardt, CL Ruhl, JE Saliwanchik, B Shirley, I Sayre, JT Shariff, JA Shirokoff, ED Stan, L Stark, AA Sobrin, J Story, K Suzuki, A Tang, QY Thakur, RB Thompson, KL Tucker, CE Vanderlinde, K Vieira, JD Wang, GS Whitehorn, N Yefremenko, V Yoon, KW AF Posada, Chrystian M. Ade, Peter A. R. Anderson, Adam J. Avva, Jessica Ahmed, Zeeshan Arnold, Kam S. Austermann, Jason Bender, Amy N. Benson, Bradford A. Bleem, Lindsey Byrum, Karen Carlstrom, John E. Carter, Faustin W. Chang, Clarence L. Cho, Hsiao-Mei Cukierman, Ari Czaplewski, David A. Ding, Junjia Divan, Ralu N. S. de Haan, Tijmen Dobbs, Matt Dutcher, Daniel Everett, Wendeline Gannon, Renae N. Guyser, Robert J. Halverson, Nils W. Harrington, Nicholas L. Hattori, Kaori Henning, Jason W. Hilton, Gene C. Holzapfel, William L. Huang, Nicholas Irwin, Kent D. Jeong, Oliver Khaire, Trupti Korman, Milo Kubik, Donna L. Kuo, Chao-Lin Lee, Adrian T. Leitch, Erik M. Escudero, Sergi Lendinez Meyer, Stephan S. Miller, Christina S. Montgomery, Joshua Nadolski, Andrew Natoli, Tyler J. Nguyenm, Hogan Novosad, Valentyn Padin, Stephen Pan, Zhaodi Pearson, John E. Rahlin, Alexandra Reichardt, Christian L. Ruhl, John E. Saliwanchik, Benjamin Shirley, Ian Sayre, James T. Shariff, Jamil A. Shirokoff, Erik D. Stan, Liliana Stark, Antony A. Sobrin, Joshua Story, Kyle Suzuki, Aritoki Tang, Qing Yang Thakur, Ritoban Basu Thompson, Keith L. Tucker, Carole E. Vanderlinde, Keith Vieira, Joaquin D. Wang, Gensheng Whitehorn, Nathan Yefremenko, Volodymyr Yoon, Ki Won BE Holland, WS Zmuidzinas, J TI Large arrays of dual-polarized multichroic TES detectors for CMB measurements with the SPT-3G receiver SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII CY JUN 28-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE CMB; SPT-3G; Bolometers; Transition Edge Sensors; Microfabrication; Superconducting Detectors; South Pole Telescope ID ELECTROTHERMAL FEEDBACK; MICROWAVE AB Detectors for cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments are now essentially background limited, so a straightforward alternative to improve sensitivity is to increase the number of detectors. Large arrays of multichroic pixels constitute an economical approach to increasing the number of detectors within a given focal plane area. Here, we present the fabrication of large arrays of dual-polarized multichroic transition-edge-sensor (TES) bolometers for the South Pole Telescope third-generation CMB receiver (SPT-3G). The complete SPT-3G receiver will have 2690 pixels, each with six detectors, allowing for individual measurement of three spectral bands (centered at 95 GHz, 150 GHz and 220 GHz) in two orthogonal polarizations. In total, the SPT-3G focal plane will have 16140 detectors. Each pixel is comprised of a broad-band sinuous antenna coupled to a niobium microstrip transmission line. In-line filters are used to define the different band-passes before the millimeter-wavelength signal is fed to the respective Ti/Au TES sensors. Detectors are read out using a 64x frequency domain multiplexing (fMux) scheme. The microfabrication of the SPT-3G detector arrays involves a total of 18 processes, including 13 lithography steps. Together with the fabrication process, the effect of processing on the Ti/Au TES's T-c is discussed. In addition, detectors fabricated with Ti/Au TES films with Tc between 400 mK 560 mK are presented and their thermal characteristics are evaluated. Optical characterization of the arrays is presented as well, indicating that the response of the detectors is in good agreement with the design values for all three spectral bands (95 GHz, 150 GHz, and 220 GHz). The measured optical efficiency of the detectors is between 0.3 and 0.8. Results discussed here are extracted from a batch of research of development wafers used to develop the baseline process for the fabrication of the arrays of detectors to be deployed with the SPT-3G receiver. Results from these research and development wafers have been incorporated into the fabrication process to get the baseline fabrication process presented here. SPT-3G is scheduled to deploy to the South Pole Telescope in late 2016. C1 [Posada, Chrystian M.; Ding, Junjia; Khaire, Trupti; Escudero, Sergi Lendinez; Novosad, Valentyn; Pearson, John E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Ade, Peter A. R.; Tucker, Carole E.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3YB, S Glam, Wales. [Anderson, Adam J.; Bender, Amy N.; Benson, Bradford A.; Bleem, Lindsey; Carlstrom, John E.; Carter, Faustin W.; Chang, Clarence L.; Dutcher, Daniel; Henning, Jason W.; Leitch, Erik M.; Meyer, Stephan S.; Padin, Stephen; Pan, Zhaodi; Shirokoff, Erik D.; Sobrin, Joshua; Story, Kyle; Thakur, Ritoban Basu] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Anderson, Adam J.; Benson, Bradford A.; Kubik, Donna L.; Rahlin, Alexandra] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Avva, Jessica; Cukierman, Ari; Harrington, Nicholas L.; Holzapfel, William L.; Huang, Nicholas; Jeong, Oliver; Lee, Adrian T.; Shirley, Ian; Suzuki, Aritoki; Whitehorn, Nathan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ahmed, Zeeshan; Irwin, Kent D.; Kuo, Chao-Lin; Thompson, Keith L.; Yoon, Ki Won] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ahmed, Zeeshan; Irwin, Kent D.; Kuo, Chao-Lin; Thompson, Keith L.; Yoon, Ki Won] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ahmed, Zeeshan; Cho, Hsiao-Mei; Irwin, Kent D.; Kuo, Chao-Lin; Thompson, Keith L.; Yoon, Ki Won] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, 2575 Sand Hill Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Arnold, Kam S.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Austermann, Jason; Everett, Wendeline; Halverson, Nils W.; Nguyenm, Hogan; Sayre, James T.] Univ Colorado, Dept Astrophys & Planetary Sci, CASA, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Austermann, Jason; Hilton, Gene C.] NIST Quantum Devices Grp, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Bender, Amy N.; Bleem, Lindsey; Byrum, Karen; Carlstrom, John E.; Carter, Faustin W.; Chang, Clarence L.; Gannon, Renae N.; Wang, Gensheng; Yefremenko, Volodymyr] Argonne Natl Lab, Div High Energy Phys, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Benson, Bradford A.; Carlstrom, John E.; Chang, Clarence L.; Leitch, Erik M.; Meyer, Stephan S.; Shirokoff, Erik D.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carlstrom, John E.; Meyer, Stephan S.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carlstrom, John E.; Dutcher, Daniel; Meyer, Stephan S.; Pan, Zhaodi; Sobrin, Joshua; Story, Kyle; Tang, Qing Yang] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Czaplewski, David A.; Divan, Ralu N. S.; Miller, Christina S.; Stan, Liliana] Argonne Natl Lab, Ctr Nanoscale Mat, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [de Haan, Tijmen; Dobbs, Matt; Montgomery, Joshua] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Dobbs, Matt] Canadian Inst Adv Res, CIFAR Program Cosmol & Grav, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Guyser, Robert J.; Nadolski, Andrew; Vieira, Joaquin D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Guyser, Robert J.; Vieira, Joaquin D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Halverson, Nils W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Hattori, Kaori] High Energy Accelerator Res Org KEK, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050801, Japan. [Korman, Milo; Ruhl, John E.; Saliwanchik, Benjamin; Shariff, Jamil A.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Phys, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Lee, Adrian T.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Natoli, Tyler J.; Vanderlinde, Keith] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Reichardt, Christian L.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Stark, Antony A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Vanderlinde, Keith] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. RP Posada, CM (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM posada@anl.gov RI Novosad, V /J-4843-2015; DING, Junjia/K-2277-2013; OI DING, Junjia/0000-0002-9917-9156; Stark, Antony/0000-0002-2718-9996 NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0207-6; 978-1-5106-0208-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9914 AR UNSP 991417 DI 10.1117/12.2232912 PN 1 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BF9PQ UT WOS:000385793800028 ER PT S AU Tong, CYE Grimes, PK Leiker, PS Zeng, LZ Lu, WC Chen, TJ Han, CC Wang, MJ AF Tong, C. -Y. Edward Grimes, Paul K. Leiker, Patrick S. Zeng, Lingzhen Lu, Wei-Chun Chen, Tse-Jun Han, Chih-Chiang Wang, Ming-Jye BE Holland, WS Zmuidzinas, J TI A Wideband 240 GHz Receiver for the Submillimeter Array SO MILLIMETER, SUBMILLIMETER, AND FAR-INFRARED DETECTORS AND INSTRUMENTATION FOR ASTRONOMY VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy VIII CY JUN 28-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE SIS receiver; Submillimeter receiver; wideband receiver; Local Oscillator; beam alignment; receiver commissioning AB We report on the design of a 240 GHz double-side-band receiver for the Submillimeter Array (SMA). The heart of this receiver is a 3-junction series connected SIS mixer, which allows it to provide intermediate frequency (IF) output up to more than 12 GHz. We have custom built a low noise Amplifier-Multiplier Chain for use as the receiver's Local Oscillator module, which is tunable from 210 to 270 GHz. The receiver has demonstrated low noise performance in laboratory. 7 out of the 8 SMA antennas are now equipped with this receiver. The receiver has already participated in Event Horizon Telescope observations in April 2016, working with the SMA-200 receiver to provide dual polarization coverage for the EHT Hawaii Station. This receiver has enabled the SMA to provide 32 Gbit per second data stream to the EHT observations. We are currently trying to improve the on-sky beam co-alignment of this receiver with respect to other SMA receivers. C1 [Tong, C. -Y. Edward; Grimes, Paul K.; Leiker, Patrick S.; Zeng, Lingzhen] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lu, Wei-Chun; Chen, Tse-Jun; Han, Chih-Chiang; Wang, Ming-Jye] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei, Taiwan. RP Tong, CYE (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM etong@cfa.harvard.edu OI Tong, Edward/0000-0002-7736-4203 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0207-6; 978-1-5106-0208-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9914 AR UNSP 99140F DI 10.1117/12.2232776 PN 1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Optics GA BF9PQ UT WOS:000385793800009 ER PT S AU Gaskin, J Ozel, F Vikhlinin, A AF Gaskin, Jessica Ozel, Feryal Vikhlinin, Alexey CA X-Ray Surveyor STDT BE MacEwen, HA Fazio, GG Lystrup, M TI The X-Ray Surveyor Mission Concept Study: Forging the Path to NASA Astrophysics 2020 Decadal Survey Prioritization SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND MILLIMETER WAVE SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE X-Ray Surveyor; X-Ray Astronomy; NASA Astrophysics Mission Concept Study AB The X-Ray Surveyor mission concept is unique among those being studied for prioritization in the NASA Astrophysics 2020 Decadal Survey. The X-Ray Surveyor mission will explore the high-energy Universe; providing essential and complimentary observations to the Astronomy Community. The NASA Astrophysics Roadmap (Enduring Quests, Daring Visions) describes the need for an X-Ray Observatory that is capable of addressing topics such as the origin and growth of the first supermassive black holes, galaxy evolution and growth of the cosmic structure, and the origin and evolution of the stars that make up our Universe. To address these scientifically compelling topics and more, an Observatory that exhibits leaps in capability over that of previous X-Ray Observatories in needed. This paper describes the current status of the X-Ray Surveyor Mission Concept Study and the path forward, which includes scientific investigations, technology development, and community participation. C1 [Gaskin, Jessica] NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Ozel, Feryal] Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Vikhlinin, Alexey] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Gaskin, J (reprint author), NASA, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. EM Jessica.Gaskin@nasa.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0187-1; 978-1-5106-0188-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9904 AR UNSP 99040N DI 10.1117/12.2240459 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BF9PT UT WOS:000385794100020 ER PT S AU Matthews, GW Egerman, R Morse, JA Wilkes, B AF Matthews, Gary W. Egerman, Robert Morse, Jon A. Wilkes, Belinda BE MacEwen, HA Fazio, GG Lystrup, M TI ASTRO-1, a 1.8m unobscured space observatory for next generation UV/visible astrophysics and exoplanet exploration SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND MILLIMETER WAVE SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Lightweight Mirrors; Optical Systems; UV Systems AB The Hubble Space Telescope has been a scientific marvel that has provided remarkable imagery and scientific discovery. Its exquisite UV-Visible imaging performance is unmatched from the ground. In NASA's future planning, the earliest possible successor mission would be in the 2030s, well beyond the expected lifetime of Hubble. The ASTRO-1 space telescope is a 1.8m off-axis (unobscured) observatory that looks to fill this critical void with Hubble-like performance to continue the scientific quest while also providing the possibility for exoplanet research with a coronagraphic instrument and/or a free flying starshade. BoldlyGo Institute seeks to reach beyond NASA funding to leverage the high public interest in space research and exploration, and the search for life beyond Earth. C1 [Matthews, Gary W.; Egerman, Robert] Harris, Melbourne, FL 32919 USA. [Morse, Jon A.] BoldlyGo Inst, Albany, NY USA. [Wilkes, Belinda] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Matthews, GW (reprint author), Harris, Melbourne, FL 32919 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0187-1; 978-1-5106-0188-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9904 AR UNSP 99041J DI 10.1117/12.2232021 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BF9PT UT WOS:000385794100045 ER PT S AU Meixner, M Cooray, A Carter, R DiPirro, M Flores, A Leisawitz, D Armus, L Battersby, C Bergin, E Bradford, CM Ennico, K Melnick, GJ Milam, S Narayanan, D Pontoppidan, K Pope, A Roellig, T Sandstrom, K Su, KYL Vieira, J Wright, E Zmuidzinas, J Alato, S Carey, S Gerin, M Helmich, F Menten, K Scott, D Sakon, I Vavrek, R AF Meixner, M. Cooray, A. Carter, R. DiPirro, M. Flores, A. Leisawitz, D. Armus, L. Battersby, C. Bergin, E. Bradford, C. M. Ennico, K. Melnick, G. J. Milam, S. Narayanan, D. Pontoppidan, K. Pope, A. Roellig, T. Sandstrom, K. Su, K. Y. L. Vieira, J. Wright, E. Zmuidzinas, J. Alato, S. Carey, S. Gerin, M. Helmich, F. Menten, K. Scott, D. Sakon, I. Vavrek, R. BE MacEwen, HA Fazio, GG Lystrup, M TI The Far-Infrared Surveyor Mission Study: Paper I, the Genesis SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND MILLIMETER WAVE SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE ID ASTRONOMY AB This paper describes the beginning of the Far-Infrared Surveyor mission study for NASA's Astrophysics Decadal 2020. We describe the scope of the study, and the open process approach of the Science and Technology Definition Team. We are currently developing the science cases and provide some preliminary highlights here. We note key areas for technological innovation and improvements necessary to make a Far-Infrared Surveyor mission a reality. C1 [Meixner, M.; Pontoppidan, K.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Meixner, M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Cooray, A.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA USA. [Carter, R.; DiPirro, M.; Flores, A.; Leisawitz, D.; Milam, S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Armus, L.; Carey, S.] NASA, Infrared Proc & Anal Ctr, Pasadena, CA USA. [Battersby, C.; Melnick, G. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bergin, E.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Bradford, C. M.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Ennico, K.; Roellig, T.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Narayanan, D.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Pope, A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, LGRT B 619E, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Sandstrom, K.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Su, K. Y. L.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Vieira, J.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wright, E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Zmuidzinas, J.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Alato, S.] SNSB, Stockholm, Sweden. [Gerin, M.] CNES, Paris, France. [Helmich, F.] SRON, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Menten, K.] DLR, Cologne, Germany. [Scott, D.] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Sakon, I.] JAXA, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan. [Vavrek, R.] ESA, Paris, France. RP Meixner, M (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.; Meixner, M (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM meixner@stsci.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0187-1; 978-1-5106-0188-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9904 AR UNSP 99040K DI 10.1117/12.2240456 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BF9PT UT WOS:000385794100018 ER PT S AU Ricker, GR Vanderspek, H Winn, J Seager, S Berta-Thompson, Z Levine, A Villasenor, J Latham, D Charbonneau, D Holman, M Johnson, J Sasselov, D Szentgyorgyi, A Torres, G Bakos, G Brown, T Christensen-Dalsgaard, J Kjeldsen, H Clampin, M Rinehart, S Deming, D Doty, J Dunham, E Ida, S Kawai, N Sato, B Jenkins, J Lissauer, J Jernigan, G Kaltenegger, L Laughlin, G Lin, D McCullough, P Narita, N Pepper, J Stassun, K Udry, S AF Ricker, G. R. Vanderspek, H. Winn, J. Seager, S. Berta-Thompson, Z. Levine, A. Villasenor, J. Latham, D. Charbonneau, D. Holman, M. Johnson, J. Sasselov, D. Szentgyorgyi, A. Torres, G. Bakos, G. Brown, T. Christensen-Dalsgaard, J. Kjeldsen, H. Clampin, M. Rinehart, S. Deming, D. Doty, J. Dunham, E. Ida, S. Kawai, N. Sato, B. Jenkins, J. Lissauer, J. Jernigan, G. Kaltenegger, L. Laughlin, G. Lin, D. McCullough, P. Narita, N. Pepper, J. Stassun, K. Udry, S. BE MacEwen, HA Fazio, GG Lystrup, M TI The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite SO SPACE TELESCOPES AND INSTRUMENTATION 2016: OPTICAL, INFRARED, AND MILLIMETER WAVE SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Space Telescopes and Instrumentation - Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP SPIE DE Exoplanet; extrasolar planet; photometry; satellite; transit ID PLANETS; KEPLER; STARS; TELESCOPE; CATALOG; SYSTEMS AB The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) will search the solar neighborhood for planets transiting bright stars. TESS has been selected by NASA for launch in 2017 as an Astrophysics Explorer mission. The spacecraft will be placed into a highly elliptical 13.7-day orbit around the Earth. During its two-year mission, TESS will employ four wide-field optical CCD cameras to monitor at least 200,000 main-sequence dwarf stars with I-C less than or similar to 13 for temporary drops in brightness caused by planetary transits. Each star will be observed for an interval ranging from one month to one year, depending on the star's ecliptic latitude. The longest observing intervals will be for stars near the ecliptic poles, which are the optimal locations for follow-up observations with the James Webb Space Telescope. Brightness measurements of preselected target stars will be recorded every 2 min, and full frame images will be recorded every 30 min. TESS stars will be 10-100 times brighter than those surveyed by the pioneering Kepler mission. This will make TESS planets easier to characterize with follow-up observations. TESS is expected to find more than a thousand planets smaller than Neptune, including dozens that are comparable in size to the Earth. Public data releases will occur every four months, inviting immediate community- wide efforts to study the new planets. The TESS legacy will be a catalog of the nearest and brightest stars hosting transiting planets, which will endure as highly favorable targets for detailed investigations. C1 [Ricker, G. R.; Vanderspek, H.; Winn, J.; Seager, S.; Berta-Thompson, Z.; Levine, A.; Villasenor, J.] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Latham, D.; Charbonneau, D.; Holman, M.; Johnson, J.; Sasselov, D.; Szentgyorgyi, A.; Torres, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bakos, G.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Brown, T.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.; Kjeldsen, H.] Aarhus Univ, Stellar Astrophys Ctr, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Clampin, M.; Rinehart, S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Deming, D.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Doty, J.] Noqsi Aerosp Ltd, Pine, CO 80470 USA. [Dunham, E.] Lowell Observ, 1400 W Mars Hill Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Ida, S.; Kawai, N.; Sato, B.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528550, Japan. [Jenkins, J.; Lissauer, J.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Jernigan, G.] UCB, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kaltenegger, L.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Laughlin, G.; Lin, D.] UCO, Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [McCullough, P.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [McCullough, P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Narita, N.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan. [Pepper, J.] Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Stassun, K.] Vanderbilt Univ, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Stassun, K.] Fisk Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Udry, S.] Observ Genve, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. RP Ricker, GR (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM grr@space.mit.edu OI Pepper, Joshua/0000-0002-3827-8417 NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0187-1; 978-1-5106-0188-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9904 AR UNSP 99042B DI 10.1117/12.2232071 PG 18 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BF9PT UT WOS:000385794100066 ER PT J AU Issawi, B Youssef, EAA Maxwell, T AF Issawi, Bahay Youssef, El Sayed A. A. Maxwell, Ted TI Cenozoic rivers of northeast Africa: Evidence of trans-Saharan drainage SO STRATIGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Cenozoic; Paleohydrology; Africa; Trans-Saharan Drainage; Radar Rivers ID SELIMA SAND SHEET; EASTERN SAHARA; ACHEULIAN SITES; LATE QUATERNARY; URANIUM-SERIES; SOUTHERN EGYPT; RADAR RIVERS; BASIN; MIOCENE; SYSTEM AB Radar imagery of the Sahara of Egypt and eastern Libya has dramatically changed previous concepts in regard to long term aridity of this region, revealing an extensive network of buried fluvial channels documenting the river systems that developed in the proto-Sahara during the Late Paleogene and Neogene, following the early Eocene regression of the Mediterranean Sea, and prior to Pleistocene aridification. The fall in base level associated with the end-Miocene Messinian desiccation of the Mediterranean led to deep down-cutting and extension of river systems throughout much of North Africa and South Europe. The deep, infilled canyons beneath the modern Rhone and Nile are well known, but the radar imagery identifies other deep canyons under the North African Sahara that are now invisible. In eastern Libya, drainage from Serir Tebisti (Tebisti Massif) into the Mediterranean via the Sirt Basin was channeled by two main rivers, the Sahabi in the west and the Kufra in the east; these were subsequently united in the Early Pliocene when the latter captured the former. The Gilf River was another important channel that drained north from the Uweinat-Gilf highland in southwest Egypt, in a system that may have been connected with the Kufra during the Neogene and enabling fish to move from the presently isolated Chad Basin to northern Libya and Egypt. The interplay of these north-flowing rivers and the constant northward retreat of the Mediterranean shoreline from Oligocene onward resulted in deposits of fluvial and marine sedimentation in every possible combinaton that have been described by many authors in the region between the Tebisti and the present Mediterranean shoreline. Prior to the establishment of the Nile, a southwestward drainage, the Qena River, was initiated by Oligocene uplift and lateral faulting along the Red Sea shoulder of the East African Rift. This river discharged into a distributive network known as the Radar Rivers near latitude 23 degrees 30'N in the Southwestern Desert. It has been suggested that waters from the Qena River continued to flow southwestward to the Atlantic Ocean, in what is known as Trans African Drainage System (TADS). C1 [Issawi, Bahay] 16 El Mesaha St, Giza, Egypt. [Youssef, El Sayed A. A.] Cairo Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Geol, POB 12613, Cairo, Egypt. [Maxwell, Ted] Smithsonian Natl Air & Space Museum, 600 Independence Ave SW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Issawi, B (reprint author), 16 El Mesaha St, Giza, Egypt. EM bissawi@yahoo.com NR 128 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU MICRO PRESS PI FLUSHING PA 6530 KISSENA BLVD, FLUSHING, NY 11367 USA SN 1547-139X J9 STRATIGRAPHY JI Stratigraphy PY 2016 VL 13 IS 1 BP 49 EP 66 PG 18 WC Geology; Paleontology SC Geology; Paleontology GA DZ0ND UT WOS:000385536100003 ER PT J AU Ng, PKL Meyer, C AF Ng, Peter K. L. Meyer, Chistopher TI A new species of pea crab of the genus Serenotheres Ahyong & Ng, 2005 (Crustacea, Brachyura, Pinnotheridae) from the date mussel Leiosolenus Carpenter, 1857 (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Mytilidae, Lithophaginae) from the Solomon Islands SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Pinnotheridae; taxonomy; symbiotic crab; new species; symbiotic crab; Serenotheres janus; Solomon Islands AB The pea crab genus Serenotheres Ahyong & Ng, 2005 (Pinnotheridae) is currently only represented by one species, S. besutensis (Serene, 1967). A new species is now assigned to this genus, described from a date mussel Leiosolenus obesus Carpenter, 1857 (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Mytilidae: Lithophaginae) collected in the Solomon Islands. Serenotheres janus sp. n. differs from S. besutensis in possessing a conspicuously broader carapace, with the lateral margins of the dorsal lamellum distinctly produced and the posterolateral part deeply concave, the dorsal lamellum being highest at the median cleft, the rostrum is relatively more prominent, the surfaces of the anterolateral margin and hepatic region are less prominently pitted and eroded, the ischiomerus of the third maxilliped is relatively more rectangular, and the P2 merus is proportionately longer. C1 [Ng, Peter K. L.] Natl Univ Singapore, Lee Kong Chian Nat Hist Museum, Fac Sci, 2 Conservatory Dr, Singapore 117377, Singapore. [Meyer, Chistopher] Smithsonian Inst, US Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Ng, PKL (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Lee Kong Chian Nat Hist Museum, Fac Sci, 2 Conservatory Dr, Singapore 117377, Singapore. EM peterng@nus.edu.sg NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 623 BP 31 EP 41 DI 10.3897/zookeys.623.10272 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DY8FS UT WOS:000385364800003 PM 27843386 ER PT B AU Eakle, AJ AF Eakle, A. Jonathan BE Enriquez, G Johnson, E Kontovourki, S Mallozzi, CA TI BODIES WITH AND WITHOUT ORGANS Literacies of a True Crime Sex and Violence Drama SO LITERACIES, LEARNING, AND THE BODY: PUTTING THEORY AND RESEARCH INTO PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICE SE Expanding Literacies in Education LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SCHOOL; SPACES C1 [Eakle, A. Jonathan] George Washington Univ, Educ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Eakle, A. Jonathan] Smithsonian, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Eakle, A. Jonathan] Corcoran Sch Arts & Design, Washington, DC 20006 USA. RP Eakle, AJ (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Educ, Washington, DC 20052 USA.; Eakle, AJ (reprint author), Smithsonian, Washington, DC 20560 USA.; Eakle, AJ (reprint author), Corcoran Sch Arts & Design, Washington, DC 20006 USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-1-138-90621-1; 978-1-315-69563-1; 978-1-138-90619-8 J9 EXPAND LITERACIES ED PY 2016 BP 221 EP 235 PG 15 WC Education & Educational Research; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BF7YA UT WOS:000384576300015 ER PT J AU Arellano, G Cala, V Fuentes, A Cayola, L Jorgensen, PM Macia, MJ AF Arellano, G. Cala, V. Fuentes, A. Cayola, L. Jorgensen, P. M. Macia, M. J. TI A STANDARD PROTOCOL FOR WOODY PLANT INVENTORIES AND SOIL CHARACTERISATION USING TEMPORARY 0.1-HA PLOTS IN TROPICAL FORESTS SO JOURNAL OF TROPICAL FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Census methods; edaphic assessment; floristic assessment; floristic standardisation; lianas; plant biodiversity; plant-soil relationship ID ELEVATIONAL GRADIENT; BETA-DIVERSITY; RAIN-FOREST; PATTERNS; NETWORK; BOLIVIA AB The use of both uniform woody plant inventories and laboratory soil analysis methods facilitates data sharing and improves the understanding of large-scale biological patterns in tropical forests. Temporary small 0.1-ha plots, fast and cheap to install, are increasingly employed in the tropics. This study presents a standard protocol for woody plant inventories and soil characterisation using 0.1-ha plots. The protocol gives specific recommendations on the size and shape of a 0.1-ha plot, taxa to be included in the inventories, minimum stem diameter cut-offs, evaluation of multiple stems and height estimation. In addition, we present a number of recommendations on soil sampling and analysis, whose standarisation is much required in tropical forest research. We suggest to measure Al and nutrients simultaneously after Mehlich-3 extraction, followed by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry, and to measure C and N through total combustion. The pH, texture and bulk density can be measured with standard manual methods. The study also includes guidelines to create and maintain a standardised database and metadata. All the proposed recommendations are compatible with those already employed in the standardised establishment of large plots. Each recommendation represents a reasonable trade-off between investment and data quality and is oriented to obtain low-cost standardised baseline data, useful to a broad range of studies. C1 [Arellano, G.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci ForestGEO, NMNH Constitut Av & 10th St NW, Washington, DC 20521 USA. [Arellano, G.; Macia, M. J.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Biol, Area Bot, Calle Darwin 2, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Cala, V.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Geol & Geoquim, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Fuentes, A.; Cayola, L.] Univ Mayor San Andres, Herbario Nacl Bolivia, Casilla 10077 Correo Cent, La Paz, Bolivia. [Jorgensen, P. M.] Missouri Bot Garden, POB 299, St Louis, MO USA. RP Arellano, G (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci ForestGEO, NMNH Constitut Av & 10th St NW, Washington, DC 20521 USA.; Arellano, G (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Biol, Area Bot, Calle Darwin 2, ES-28049 Madrid, Spain. EM gabriel.arellano.torres@gmail.com RI Macia, Manuel/H-4631-2012 OI Macia, Manuel/0000-0002-4676-612X FU European Union (INCO-DC) [IC18-CT960038]; Consejeria de Educacion; Comunidad Autonoma de Madrid; National Geographic Society [8047-06, 7754-04]; National Science Foundation (DEB) [0101775, 0743457]; Centro de Estudios de America Latina, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Banco Santander FX The authors thank M Lohbeck, NG Swenson, M Pena-Claros, J Powers, C Baraloto and S Rifkin. The work was funded by the European Union (INCO-DC, IC18-CT960038), Consejeria de Educacion, Comunidad Autonoma de Madrid, National Geographic Society (8047-06, 7754-04), National Science Foundation (DEB#0101775, DEB#0743457) and Centro de Estudios de America Latina, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, Banco Santander. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FOREST RESEARCH INST MALAYSIA PI KUALA LUMPUR PA PUBLICATION UNIT, KEPONG, KUALA LUMPUR 52109, MALAYSIA SN 0128-1283 J9 J TROP FOR SCI JI J. Trop. For. Sci. PY 2016 VL 28 IS 4 BP 508 EP 516 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DX9JO UT WOS:000384711100013 ER PT J AU Doherty, T Ingalls, H Kerr, A Maynor, C Umberger, L AF Doherty, Tiarna Ingalls, Helen Kerr, Amber Maynor, Catherine Umberger, Leslie TI Conserving the self-taught artists collection at the Smithsonian American Art Museum SO STUDIES IN CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Self-taught artists; African American; James Hampton; Purvis Young; Mingering Mike AB Evolving curatorial frameworks for art beyond the mainstream have influenced how conservators approach preservation and degrees of intervention. Unconventional materials and techniques, along with inconsistent or compromised care during the artist's lifetime necessitate artist-specific materials knowledge and a curatorial perspective that considers the artist's historical lack of agency as a factor in preservation strategies. C1 [Doherty, Tiarna; Ingalls, Helen; Kerr, Amber; Maynor, Catherine; Umberger, Leslie] Smithsonian Amer Art Museum, MRC 970 POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Doherty, T (reprint author), Smithsonian Amer Art Museum, MRC 970 POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM dohertyt@si.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0039-3630 EI 2047-0584 J9 STUD CONSERV JI Stud. Conserv. PY 2016 VL 61 SU 2 SI SI BP 38 EP 43 DI 10.1080/00393630.2016.1188616 PG 6 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA DX5ZU UT WOS:000384462200009 ER PT J AU Hornbeck, SE Moffett, DL AF Hornbeck, Stephanie E. Moffett, Dana L. TI Altered surfaces, taking the long view: Applications of ethnographic conservation practices to the conservation of contemporary art SO STUDIES IN CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE African art; Ethnographic conservation; Surface alteration; Minimal intervention; Artistic intent; Contemporary art AB While working together on tradition-based and contemporary works at the Smithsonian's National Museum of African Art (NMAfA) and in private practice, the authors found that their expertise in ethnographic conservation can be applied to the conservation of contemporary works. The treatment approach to ethnographic works has evolved over decades, shifting from alteration of original surfaces and heavy restoration to an emphasis on preserving the original integrity of the artwork through minimal intervention. This paper describes the evolution of ethnographic object conservation regarding surface alteration, while specifically focusing on African objects, and discusses applications of this approach to the conservation of contemporary art. The historical change in treatment attitudes is presented using examples from NMAfA's collections to underscore why the profession developed a minimal intervention approach and to argue for the relevance of this approach to related contemporary media. C1 [Hornbeck, Stephanie E.] Caryatid Conservat Serv Inc, 500 NE 29th St,606, Miami, FL 33137 USA. [Moffett, Dana L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum African Art, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Hornbeck, SE (reprint author), Caryatid Conservat Serv Inc, 500 NE 29th St,606, Miami, FL 33137 USA. EM shornbeck@caryatid-conservation.com NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0039-3630 EI 2047-0584 J9 STUD CONSERV JI Stud. Conserv. PY 2016 VL 61 SU 2 SI SI BP 84 EP 90 DI 10.1080/00393630.2016.1190906 PG 7 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA DX5ZU UT WOS:000384462200015 ER PT J AU McHugh, K Gunnison, A AF McHugh, Kelly Gunnison, Anne TI Finding common ground and inherent differences: Artist and community engagement in cultural material and contemporary art conservation SO STUDIES IN CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Ethnographic objects; Cultural material; Contemporary art; Consultations; Interviews; National Museum of the American Indian; Yale University Art Gallery AB Comparisons are often made between the conservation of cultural material collections, often described as ethnographic, and contemporary art collections, and indeed there are significant parallels. The stewardship of both of these types of collections can challenge traditional tenets of conservation, requiring conservators to ask themselves 'What are we preserving?' as preservation extends beyond the physical. The work must be placed in a broader conceptual context and the conservator must seek out those who are deemed to have the most authority - whether it is the artist, the artist's assistants and estate or the source community - to establish this context. Engagement with constituents creates valuable reciprocal relationships, which can benefit the artist, community, and museum. The relationships and the parallel practice of two seemingly disparate fields are examined using examples from the National Museum of the American Indian (NMAI) and the Yale University Art Gallery (YUAG). Conservators at NMAI, a living culture museum containing archeological, historic, and contemporary art collections, are in the unique position of working with community stakeholders with direct ties to historic collections and contemporary artists whose work is actively acquired by the museum. Conservators at YUAG, an encyclopedic museum with a pedagogical directive, are attempting to establish a more rigorous program of artist engagement to direct preservation and understanding of contemporary art collections. C1 [McHugh, Kelly] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Indian, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Gunnison, Anne] Yale Univ Art Gallery, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. RP Gunnison, A (reprint author), Yale Univ Art Gallery, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. EM anne.gunnison@yale.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0039-3630 EI 2047-0584 J9 STUD CONSERV JI Stud. Conserv. PY 2016 VL 61 SU 2 SI SI BP 126 EP 129 DI 10.1080/00393630.2016.1181349 PG 4 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA DX5ZU UT WOS:000384462200022 ER PT J AU Kovalchuk, O Ferraris, CJ AF Kovalchuk, Oleksandr Ferraris, Carl J. TI Late Cenozoic catfishes of Southeastern Europe with inference to their taxonomy and palaeogeography SO PALAEONTOLOGIA ELECTRONICA LA English DT Article DE Clariidae; Siluridae; new species; late Miocene; Pliocene; Pleistocene ID MIOCENE; SILURIFORMES; VEGETATION; MOLDOVA; SILURUS; FISHES AB We describe fossil catfish (Siluriformes) material from late Miocene through Pleistocene strata of Southeastern Europe. The material under study is represented by disarticulated bones from 26 localities in the territory of Southern Ukraine and the Russian Federation. Catfish fossils in that region are represented by members of two genera, Heterobranchus and Silurus, of two families (Clariidae and Siluridae, respectively), and five species, including one as new for science (Silurus spinosus n. sp.) and two described in open nomenclature (Silurus cf. S. glanis, Silurus sp.). The presence of dagger Heterobranchus austriacus in the late Sarmatian of Southern Ukraine can be explained by expansion of this species from Africa to Europe during the late Miocene (earlier remains of this taxon were documented only in Central and Western Europe). Geographic distribution of Silurus soldatovi was broader in the past as indicated by the numerous findings of its bones in the late Miocene and Pliocene deposits of Southeastern Europe. Modern Silurus glanis first appeared during the final stage of late Miocene (Pontian) and probably supplanted S. soldatovi because of its wider ecological plasticity (especially temperature tolerance - this species can spawn in cooler waters). An interesting evolutionary trend has been observed in the change of size, shape and orientation of denticulations on the shaft of pectoral-fin spine in different species of the genus Silurus. Such tendency may be explained in terms of the oligomerization of homologous structures, but this question deserves a special study and is not addressed herein. C1 [Kovalchuk, Oleksandr] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Dept Paleontol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, 15 Bogdan Khmelnitsky Str, UA-01601 Kiev, Ukraine. [Ferraris, Carl J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Ferraris, Carl J.] 545 NE Floral Pl, Portland, OR 97232 USA. RP Kovalchuk, O (reprint author), Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Dept Paleontol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, 15 Bogdan Khmelnitsky Str, UA-01601 Kiev, Ukraine. EM biologiest@ukr.net; carlferraris@comcast.net NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU COQUINA PRESS PI AMHERST PA C/O WHITEY HAGADORN, EXECUTIVE EDITOR, AMHERST COLLEGE, DEPT GEOLOGY, AMHERST, MA 01002 USA SN 1935-3952 EI 1094-8074 J9 PALAEONTOL ELECTRON JI Palaeontol. electron. PY 2016 VL 19 IS 3 AR 34A PG 17 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA DX1QB UT WOS:000384140900003 ER PT J AU Boeve, JL Marin-Armijos, DS Dominguez, DF Smith, DR AF Boeve, Jean-Luc Marin-Armijos, Diego S. Dominguez, Diego F. Smith, David R. TI Sawflies (Hymenoptera: Argidae, Pergidae, Tenthredinidae) from southern Ecuador, with a new record for the country and some ecological data SO JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Species list; paramo; host plant; Fuchsia; Lagideus; larva; defence behaviour ID SYMPHYTA; AMERICA AB An illustrated list of species of sawflies collected during 2014 and 2015 in southern Ecuador is given. One genus and species, Pristiphora fernandezi Smith (Tenthredinidae), is new for the country. Ecological data are provided for Lagideus podocarpus Smith, sp. n. (Pergidae) that was observed feeding on Fuchsia vulcanica L. (Onagraceae). Three new combinations are proposed: Bolivius notabilis (Konow, 1899), Plaumanniana biclinea (Konow, 1899), and Proselandria alvina (Konow, 1899) (Tenthredinidae: Selandriinae). C1 [Boeve, Jean-Luc] Royal Belgian Inst Nat Sci, OD Taxon & Phylogeny, Rue Vautier 29, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. [Marin-Armijos, Diego S.; Dominguez, Diego F.] Univ Tecn Particular Loja, Dept Ciencias Nat, Museo Colecciones Biol, San Cayetano Alto S-N, Loja, Ecuador. [Smith, David R.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Boeve, JL (reprint author), Royal Belgian Inst Nat Sci, OD Taxon & Phylogeny, Rue Vautier 29, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. EM jean-luc.boeve@naturalsciences.be FU Belgian Directorate-General for Development Cooperation FX Thibaut Delsinne is warmly thanked for the identification of ants, and for providing a significant amount of specimens and several pictures. We thank Alain Pauly (RBINS, Brussels) who also provided us with specimens, Hugo Omar Cabrera (Herbario UTPL) for the identification of plants, Ximena Cueva and Carlos Ruiz Carreira (MUTPL) for attending some field trips, and M. Reynders (Botanical Garden Meise, Belgium) for providing Fuchsia plants, as well as the subject editor Marko Prous, and the reviewers Stefan Schmidt and Andrew Liston for comments on the manuscript. D. R. Smith thanks A. Taeger (SDEI) for allowing study of Konow's type material. The GTI project was managed in collaboration with C. R. Carreira and David Donoso (MUTPL) and funded by the Belgian Directorate-General for Development Cooperation. Permits were obtained from the Ministerio del Ambiente Loja, Ecuador. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1070-9428 EI 1314-2607 J9 J HYMENOPT RES JI J. Hymenopt. Res. PY 2016 VL 51 BP 55 EP 89 DI 10.3897/jhr.51.9830 PG 35 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DW1EN UT WOS:000383385900002 ER PT J AU Seeger, A AF Seeger, Anthony TI Hopi Katsina Songs SO KIVA-JOURNAL OF SOUTHWESTERN ANTHROPOLOGY AND HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Seeger, Anthony] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ethnomusicol Emeritus, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Seeger, Anthony] Smithsonian Folkways Recordings, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Seeger, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ethnomusicol Emeritus, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.; Seeger, A (reprint author), Smithsonian Folkways Recordings, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM aseeger@arts.ucla.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0023-1940 EI 2051-6177 J9 KIVA JI Kiva PY 2016 VL 82 IS 2 BP 207 EP 208 PG 2 WC Archaeology SC Archaeology GA DW0VJ UT WOS:000383360800007 ER PT J AU Wood, KR Appelhans, MS Wagner, WL AF Wood, Kenneth R. Appelhans, Marc S. Wagner, Warren L. TI Melicope oppenheimeri, section Pelea (Rutaceae), a new species from West Maui, Hawaiian Islands: with notes on its ecology, conservation, and phylogeneticplacement SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Rutaceae; Melicope; M. section Pelea; new species; Hawaiian Islands; West Maui; Critically Endangered ID EXTINCTIONS; SAPINDALES; PHYLOGENY; PATTERNS; RECORD; KAUAI AB Melicope oppenheimeri K.R. Wood, Appelhans & W.L. Wagner (section Pelea (A. Gray) Hook. f., Rutaceae), a rare endemic tree from West Maui, Hawaiian Islands, is described and illustrated with notes on its ecology, conservation, and phylogenetic placement. The new species differs from Hawaiian congeners by its carpels basally connate 1/5, narrowed into a strongly reflexed beak 10-15 mm long. It also differs in a combination of leaves with 7-10 pair of secondary veins; cymes to 3 cm long; peduncles 5-6.5 mm long; flowers perfect; capsules 4-9 x 40-52 mm; and a densely appressed short-sericeous ovary. Melicope oppenheimeri is known only from an isolated cliff-base plateau in upper Waihe'e Valley, West Maui. Its discovery brings the number of recognized Melicope J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. species in the Hawaiian Islands to 49. A table is included indicating the conservation status of Hawaiian Melicope and Platydesma H. Mann., which is nested within Melicope sect. Pelea. Melicope oppenheimeri falls into the IUCN Critically Endangered (CR) Red List category. C1 [Wood, Kenneth R.] Natl Trop Bot Garden, 3530 Papalina Rd, Kalaheo, HI 96741 USA. [Appelhans, Marc S.] Univ Gottingen, Dept Systemat Bot, Albrecht von Haller Inst Plant Sci, Untere Karspule 2, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany. [Appelhans, Marc S.; Wagner, Warren L.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Wood, KR (reprint author), Natl Trop Bot Garden, 3530 Papalina Rd, Kalaheo, HI 96741 USA. EM kwood@ntbg.org NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2016 VL 69 BP 51 EP 64 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.69.8844 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DW1DQ UT WOS:000383383600006 ER PT J AU Funk, VA Hind, DJN AF Funk, Vicki A. Hind, D. J. Nicholas TI Typification of species names in Adenocaulon and Eriachaenium (Compositae/Asteraceae, Subfamily Mutisioideae, Tribe Mutisieae, Subtribe Adenocaulinae) SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Asteraceae; Composiate; North; Central and South America; Asia; Asia-America disjunct distribution AB During the course of a recent research project on Adenocaulon and Eriachaenium it became apparent that some of the species names had not been typified. In this study we located and designated as much type material as possible for these two genera. We indicate holotypes or lectotypes where appropriate, including one for the type of the genus Adenocaulon. C1 [Funk, Vicki A.] Smithsonian Inst, NMNH, Dept Bot, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hind, D. J. Nicholas] Royal Bot Gardens, Herbarium, Richmond TW9 3AE, Surrey, England. RP Funk, VA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, NMNH, Dept Bot, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM funkv@si.edu NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2016 VL 69 BP 121 EP 128 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.69.9779 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DW1DQ UT WOS:000383383600010 ER PT S AU Farfurnik, D Jarmola, A Pham, LM Wang, ZH Dobrovitski, VV Walsworth, RL Budker, D Bar-Gill, N AF Farfurnik, D. Jarmola, A. Pham, L. M. Wang, Z. H. Dobrovitski, V. V. Walsworth, R. L. Budker, D. Bar-Gill, N. BE Stuhler, J Shields, AJ TI Improving the coherence properties of solid-state spin ensembles via optimized dynamical decoupling SO QUANTUM OPTICS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Quantum Optics CY APR 05-07, 2016 CL Brussels, BELGIUM SP SPIE, Brussels Photon Team, Res Fdn Flanders, Visit Brussels DE nitrogen vacancy; NV; coherence; decoherence; dynamical decoupling; concatenated; XY8; magnetometry ID ELECTRONIC SPIN; DIAMOND SPINS; RESOLUTION; SEQUENCES; CENTERS; TIME; BATH; NMR AB In this work, we optimize a dynamical decoupling (DD) protocol to improve the spin coherence properties of a dense ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. Using liquid nitrogen-based cooling and DD microwave pulses, we increase the transverse coherence time T-2 from similar to 0.7 ms up to similar to 30 ms. We extend previous work of single-axis (Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill) DD towards the preservation of arbitrary spin states. After performing a detailed analysis of pulse and detuning errors, we compare the performance of various DD protocols. We identify that the concatenated XY8 pulse sequences serves as the optimal control scheme for preserving an arbitrary spin state. Finally, we use the concatenated sequences to demonstrate an immediate improvement of the AC magnetic sensitivity up to a factor of two at 250 kHz. For future work, similar protocols may be used to increase coherence times up to NV-NV interaction time scales, a major step toward the creation of quantum collective NV spin states. C1 [Farfurnik, D.; Bar-Gill, N.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-9190401 Jerusalem, Israel. [Farfurnik, D.; Bar-Gill, N.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Ctr Nanosci & Nanotechnol, IL-9190401 Jerusalem, Israel. [Jarmola, A.; Budker, D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pham, L. M.; Walsworth, R. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Wang, Z. H.] Univ Southern Calif, Dept Chem, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Dobrovitski, V. V.] Iowa State Univ, Ames Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Walsworth, R. L.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Budker, D.] JGU, Helmholtz Inst, Mainz, Germany. [Bar-Gill, N.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Appl Phys, Rachel & Selim Sch Engn, IL-9190401 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Farfurnik, D (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-9190401 Jerusalem, Israel.; Farfurnik, D (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Ctr Nanosci & Nanotechnol, IL-9190401 Jerusalem, Israel. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0145-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9900 AR 99000N DI 10.1117/12.2227479 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BF6KN UT WOS:000383224000010 ER PT J AU Kayal, E Bentlage, B Collins, AG AF Kayal, Ehsan Bentlage, Bastian Collins, Allen G. TI Insights into the transcriptional and translational mechanisms of linear organellar chromosomes in the box jellyfish Alatina alata (Cnidaria: Medusozoa: Cubozoa) SO RNA BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alatina alata; linear mitochondrial DNA; mitochondrial gene expression; mitochondrial polymerase; tRNA C-to-U editing ID COMPLETE MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME; TARGETING SEQUENCES; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; DNA-POLYMERASE; TRANSFER-RNAS; EVOLUTION; PROTEINS; MTDNA; IDENTIFICATION; REPLICATION AB Background: In most animals, the mitochondrial genome is characterized by its small size, organization into a single circular molecule, and a relative conservation of the number of encoded genes. In box jellyfish (Cubozoa, Cnidaria), the mitochondrial genome is organized into 8 linear mito-chromosomes harboring between one and 4 genes each, including 2 extra protein-coding genes: mt-polB and orf314. Such an organization challenges the traditional view of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) expression in animals. In this study, we investigate the pattern of mitochondrial gene expression in the box jellyfish Alatina alata, as well as several key nuclear-encoded molecular pathways involved in the processing of mitochondrial gene transcription. Results: Read coverage of DNA-seq data is relatively uniform for all 8 mito-chromosomes, suggesting that each mito-chromosome is present in equimolar proportion in the mitochondrion. Comparison of DNA and RNA-seq based assemblies indicates that mito-chromosomes are transcribed into individual transcripts in which the beginning and ending are highly conserved. Expression levels for mt-polB and orf314 are similar to those of other mitochondrial-encoded genes, which provides further evidence for them having functional roles in the mitochondrion. Survey of the transcriptome suggests recognition of the mitochondrial tRNA-Met by the cytoplasmic aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase counterpart and C-to-U editing of the cytoplasmic tRNA-Trp after import into the mitochondrion. Moreover, several mitochondrial ribosomal proteins appear to be lost. Conclusions: This study represents the first survey of mitochondrial gene expression of the linear multi-chromosomal mtDNA in box jellyfish (Cubozoa). Future exploration of small RNAs and the proteome of the mitochondrion will test the hypotheses presented herein. C1 [Kayal, Ehsan; Bentlage, Bastian; Collins, Allen G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Collins, Allen G.] NOAA, Natl Systemat Lab, Fisheries Serv, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC USA. RP Kayal, E (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM kayale@si.edu FU Smithsonian Institution Peter Buck postdoctoral fellowship FX Some of this work was performed using resources of the Laboratories of Analytical Biology at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. EK and BB were supported by a Smithsonian Institution Peter Buck postdoctoral fellowship. We also want to thank two anonymous reviewers for providing constructive criticisms to earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1547-6286 EI 1555-8584 J9 RNA BIOL JI RNA Biol. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 9 BP 799 EP 809 DI 10.1080/15476286.2016.1194161 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA DW0UK UT WOS:000383358100008 PM 27267414 ER PT J AU Capa, M Osborn, KJ Bakken, T AF Capa, Maria Osborn, Karen J. Bakken, Torkild TI Sphaerodoridae (Annelida) of the deep Northwestern Atlantic, including remarkable new species of Euritmia and Sphaerephesia SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Generic synonymy; Amacrodorum; Ephesiopsis; epithelial tubercles; NW Atlantic; shelf; slope ID CAROLINA CONTINENTAL-SLOPE; POLYCHAETA SPHAERODORIDAE; SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY; DIVERSITY; REVISION; PACIFIC; GENUS AB Sphaerodoridae (Annelida) is a seeming uncommon and minimally diverse group of polychaetes in the northwestern Atlantic, with only seven species reported from the United States, and none from the eastern coast of Canada, before the present study. Review of the large Smithsonian collection (National Museum of Natural History, Washington) revealed the presence of two morphologically extraordinary undescribed species and added a new record to the north-western Atlantic region. Euritmia carolensis sp. n. is characterised by bearing approximately 20 sessile spherical papillae arranged in three transverse rows per segment, ventrum with 4-6 larger papillae near the parapodial bases and parapodia without papillae; bearing 4-5 simple chaetae that are enlarged subdistally. Sphaerephesia amphorata sp. n. is distinguished from other congeners in the presence of four longitudinal rows of sessile, bottle-shaped macrotubercles with exceptionally long digitiform terminal papilla, and parapodia with four rounded and small papillae, bearing 4-7 compound chaetae, with blades 7-11 times as long as wide. Other encountered species are also herein re-described, including intraspecific variation and updated iconography. Comparison of material also allowed some systematic changes in the group, including the synonymisation of the genus Amacrodorum with Euritmia, and the transfer of Ephesiopsis shivae to Ephesiella. A key to the species reported from the Northwestern Atlantic is provided. C1 [Capa, Maria; Bakken, Torkild] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, NTNU Univ Museum, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. [Osborn, Karen J.] Smithsonian Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC USA. RP Capa, M (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, NTNU Univ Museum, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. EM maria.capa@ntnu.no OI Osborn, Karen/0000-0002-4226-9257 NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 615 BP 1 EP 32 DI 10.3897/zookeys.615.9530 PG 32 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DW1AT UT WOS:000383375800001 ER PT J AU Hiller, A Werding, B AF Hiller, Alexandra Werding, Bernd TI A new species of the genus Petrolisthes Stimpson (Crustacea, Decapoda, Porcellanidae) from the Central Pacific, with remarks and new records for P. aegyptiacus Werding & Hiller SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Crustacea; Porcellanidae; Petrolisthes; new species; Indo-West Pacific; species complex; range extension ID ANOMURA PORCELLANIDAE; SOUTHWESTERN JAPAN; RYUKYU ISLANDS; N. SP.; MORPHOLOGY; COLOR AB Petrolisthes paulayi sp. n. is described from specimens collected in French Polynesia. The new species belongs to an assemblage of morphologically similar Indo-West Pacific (IWP) species, here designated as the "mesobranchial-spine group". All species in the group bear carapace spines, including one or more mesobranchial spines, and transverse, piliferous striations on the dorsal surface of carapace and chelipeds. Petrolisthes paulayi sp. n. is distinguishable from all species in the group by its forwardly produced, trilobate front, and a characteristic combination of carapace spines. We also report on the range extension and live coloration of P. aegyptiacus Werding & Hiller, another species of the mesobranchial-spine group, so far considered a Red Sea endemic. Specimens from the Mascarene Islands confirm that the geographic range of the species extends to the southern Indian Ocean. While specimens morphologically similar to P. aegyptiacus, and collected in the Line and Society Islands, suggest a large range extension to the Central Pacific, it is probable that these individuals represent an undescribed species closely related to P. aegyptiacus. C1 [Hiller, Alexandra] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. [Werding, Bernd] Univ Giessen, Inst Tierokol & Spezielle Zool, Heinrich Buff Ring 29 Tierhaus, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. RP Hiller, A (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. EM hillera@si.edu FU Smithsonian grant; Center of Excellence in Marine Sciences (CEMarin) FX We are grateful to the following colleagues for facilitating access to porcellanid material, and for hosting us: G. Paulay, A. Bemis and J. Slapcinsky (Florida Museum of Natural History, Gainesville, U.S.A.) and L. Corbari (MNHN, Paris). We thank S. De Grave, E. MacPherson and M. Osawa for valuable comments and editings that helped improving this manuscript. This study was supported by a Smithsonian grant to A.H., and by the Center of Excellence in Marine Sciences (CEMarin). NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 617 BP 19 EP 29 DI 10.3897/zookeys.617.9893 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DW1BE UT WOS:000383376900002 PM 27667952 ER PT J AU Harl, H Stevens, L Margulis, SW Petersen, J AF Harl, Heather Stevens, Lisa Margulis, Susan W. Petersen, Jay TI Gibbon Aggression During Introductions: An International Survey SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL WELFARE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Gibbon (Hylobatidae); introductions; aggression ID WHITE-HANDED GIBBONS; FOOD RESOURCES; HYLOBATES-LAR; INTRAGROUP AB Little is known regarding the prevalence of aggression seen during introductions of captive gibbons (Hylobatidae). In this study, an online survey was developed to quantify and collect contextual details regarding the frequency and types of aggression seen during introductions of captive gibbons (Hylobatidae). Nineteen percent of institutions (17 institutions) reported observing aggression, and 6 of these institutions recorded multiple instances of aggression, though a vast majority of these cases resulted in mild injuries or none at all. The female was the primary aggressor in 23% of cases, the male was the primary aggressor in 58% of cases, and both were the primary aggressor in 1 case. Although these aggressive interactions were often not associated with a known cause, 27% of cases were associated with food displacement. In most cases, management changes, including trying new pairings, greatly reduced situational aggression, suggesting that individual personalities may play a factor in aggression. These data begin to explain the extent of aggression observed in captive gibbons; future studies will address possible correlations with aggression and introduction techniques. C1 [Harl, Heather; Stevens, Lisa] Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC USA. [Margulis, Susan W.] Canisius Coll, Dept Anim Behav Ecol & Conservat, Buffalo, NY 14208 USA. [Petersen, Jay] Brookfield Zoo, Chicago Zool Soc, Brookfield, IL USA. RP Harl, H (reprint author), Smithsonian Natl Zool Pk, Primate Dept, 3001 Connecticut Ave NW,MRC 5507,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM harlh@si.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1088-8705 EI 1532-7604 J9 J APPL ANIM WELF SCI JI J. Appl. Anim. Welf. Sci. PY 2016 VL 19 IS 3 BP 260 EP 270 DI 10.1080/10888705.2015.1130631 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA DU6DB UT WOS:000382302700004 PM 26963568 ER PT J AU Ross, DA Guzman, HM Van Hinsberg, VJ Potvin, C AF Ross, David A. Guzman, Hector M. Van Hinsberg, Vincent J. Potvin, Catherine TI Metal contents of marine turtle eggs (Chelonia mydas; Lepidochelys olivacea) from the tropical eastern pacific and the implications for human health SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE Green turtle; olive ridley; eggs; cadmium; Panama; toxicology ID RIDLEY SEA-TURTLE; CARETTA-CARETTA; HEAVY-METALS; LEPIDOCHELYS-OLIVACEA; DERMOCHELYS-CORIACEA; MATERNAL TRANSFER; NESTING COLONY; CHELONIA-MYDAS; ERETMOCHELYS-IMBRICATA; ARSENIC ACCUMULATION AB Concentrations of eight elements were measured in Chelonia mydas and Lepidochelys olivacea eggs collected along the Pacific coast of Panama. Manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and mercury (Hg) concentrations were similar to previous reports of these species from around the world, while lead (Pb) was lower than previous reports. Cd posed the highest health risk to people who regularly eat the eggs, with average consumption rates leading to target hazard quotients (THQ) of up to 0.35 +/- 0.15. Our conclusions indicate that current turtle egg consumption in isolated, coastal Pacific communities may pose a health concern for young children, and that youth and young adults should limit their consumption of turtle eggs to reduce their total intake of nonessential metals. C1 [Ross, David A.; Potvin, Catherine] McGill Univ, Dept Biol, 1205 Ave Docteur Penfield, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada. [Guzman, Hector M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Van Hinsberg, Vincent J.] McGill Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Ross, DA (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Biol, 1205 Ave Docteur Penfield, Montreal, PQ H3A 1B1, Canada. EM davidanross5@gmail.com FU McGill-STRI NEO Program, McGill University; Molson and Hilton Hart Fellowship [00286SC]; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Panama (SENACYT) FX Funding for this research was provided by the McGill-STRI NEO Program, McGill University, Dr. Richard Hart (Molson and Hilton Hart Fellowship-00286SC), the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, and Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia de Panama (SENACYT) through funding to H.M. Guzman. NR 89 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-1234 EI 1532-4109 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PY 2016 VL 51 IS 10 BP 675 EP 687 DI 10.1080/03601234.2016.1191888 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DV0NA UT WOS:000382613200004 PM 27323656 ER PT S AU Goldstein, G Santiago, LS AF Goldstein, Guillermo Santiago, Louis S. BE Goldstein, G Santiago, LS TI Tropical Tree Physiology Adaptations and Responses in a Changing Environment Preface SO TROPICAL TREE PHYSIOLOGY: ADAPTATIONS AND RESPONSES IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT SE Tree Physiology LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Goldstein, Guillermo] Univ Buenos Aires, Lab Ecol Func, Dept Ecol Genet & Evoluc, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat,Inst IEGEBA CONICET UB, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Goldstein, Guillermo] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Santiago, Louis S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Santiago, Louis S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Goldstein, G (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Lab Ecol Func, Dept Ecol Genet & Evoluc, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat,Inst IEGEBA CONICET UB, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.; Goldstein, G (reprint author), Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-2544 BN 978-3-319-27422-5; 978-3-319-27420-1 J9 TREE PHYSIOL-NETH PY 2016 VL 6 BP V EP IX D2 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BF5XG UT WOS:000382766800001 ER PT S AU Silvera, K Lasso, E AF Silvera, Katia Lasso, Eloisa BE Goldstein, G Santiago, LS TI Ecophysiology and Crassulacean Acid Metabolism of Tropical Epiphytes SO TROPICAL TREE PHYSIOLOGY: ADAPTATIONS AND RESPONSES IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT SE Tree Physiology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Epiphytes; Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM); Bromeliaceae; Orchidaceae; Conservation ID VASCULAR EPIPHYTES; PHOTOSYNTHETIC PATHWAYS; ELEVATIONAL GRADIENT; SPECIES COMPOSITION; WATER RELATIONS; CLOUD FOREST; RAIN-FOREST; PUERTO-RICO; COSTA-RICA; LIFE-FORMS AB Epiphytes are plants that germinate and grow upon other plants without contact with mineral soil and without parasitizing their host plant. Therefore, they derive nutrients and water from the environment. Epiphytes are primarily tropical in distribution and may be the most species-rich life form in very wet rainforest sites, constituting about 10 % of all vascular plants. Nearly 80 % of all vascular epiphytes belong to one of three families: Orchidaceae (orchids), Bromeliaceae (bromeliads), and Polypodiaceae (ferns). Orchids in particular, are the most species rich in epiphytes. In this review, information on the ecophysiology of vascular epiphytes is presented, in an attempt to find patterns that explain the ecophysiological adaptations of canopy living. We highlight the ecophysiology of orchids and bromeliads, and whenever possible, provide insight into other epiphytic families. We discuss morphological, anatomical and physiological novelties that epiphytes have evolved to face the challenges of living in the canopy, including adaptations to increase water capture, to facilitate water storage or to reduce water loss. Because epiphytes are particularly susceptible to climate change, and can be monitored as a component of forest health, we also consider their distribution and physiological responses to climate change as a key aspect of conservation programs. C1 [Silvera, Katia; Lasso, Eloisa] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, POB 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Silvera, Katia] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Lasso, Eloisa] Univ Los Andes, Dept Ciencias Biol, Bogota, Colombia. RP Silvera, K (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, POB 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM katia.silvera@ucr.edu; e.lasso@uniandes.edu.co OI Lasso, Eloisa/0000-0003-4586-8674 NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-2544 BN 978-3-319-27422-5; 978-3-319-27420-1 J9 TREE PHYSIOL-NETH PY 2016 VL 6 BP 25 EP 43 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5_2 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5 PG 19 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BF5XG UT WOS:000382766800003 ER PT S AU Campanello, PI Manzane, E Villagra, M Zhang, YJ Panizza, AM di Francescantonio, D Rodriguez, SA Chen, YJ Santiago, LS Goldstein, G AF Campanello, Paula I. Manzane, Eric Villagra, Mariana Zhang, Yong-Jiang Panizza, Adela M. di Francescantonio, Debora Rodriguez, Sabrina A. Chen, Ya-Jun Santiago, Louis S. Goldstein, Guillermo BE Goldstein, G Santiago, LS TI Carbon Allocation and Water Relations of Lianas Versus Trees SO TROPICAL TREE PHYSIOLOGY: ADAPTATIONS AND RESPONSES IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT SE Tree Physiology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Capacitance; Freestanding liana seedlings; Support-seeker liana seedlings; Stomatal conductance; Transpiration; Long distance water transport ID BARRO-COLORADO ISLAND; TROPICAL FOREST; RAIN-FOREST; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; HYDRAULIC ARCHITECTURE; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; NEOTROPICAL FOREST; AMAZONIAN FORESTS; LOWLAND FOREST; FRENCH-GUIANA AB Despite lianas being fundamental components of tropical and subtropical forest ecosystems throughout the world, the physiological characteristics of this growth form are not well known. Different behaviors at the seedling stage were until recently largely unnoticed. In one extreme of a continuum of adaptive traits, freestanding liana seedlings invest a large proportion of biomass in self-support tissue while on the other extreme support-seeker seedlings invest more resources in rapid elongation of slender stems with an efficient hydraulic conductive system. Adult lianas often have lower wood density and higher specific leaf area than trees and have most of their leaves deployed at the top of the canopy, experiencing high irradiance and transpirational demands, which requires effective regulation of water loss to avoid desiccation. Recent studies show that lianas have faster stomatal responses to increasing vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and exhibit stronger partial stomatal closure compared to trees. Strong stomatal control and efficient water transport help lianas maintain leaf water potential (Psi(leaf)) within a safe hydraulic range to avoid xylem dysfunction despite their low stem water storage capacity, which is achieved at a minimum cost in terms of carbon assimilation. Liana colonization of tree crowns can significantly reduce tree growth and transpiration with consequences for carbon and water economy at individual tree and ecosystem levels. C1 [Campanello, Paula I.; Villagra, Mariana; Panizza, Adela M.; di Francescantonio, Debora; Rodriguez, Sabrina A.] Univ Nacl Misiones, Lab Ecol Forestal & Ecofisiol, Inst Biol Subtrop, CONICET,FCF, Puerto Iguazu, Argentina. [Manzane, Eric; Santiago, Louis S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. [Zhang, Yong-Jiang] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zhang, Yong-Jiang; Chen, Ya-Jun] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Xishuangbana Trop Bot Garden, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Santiago, Louis S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Goldstein, Guillermo] Univ Buenos Aires, Lab Ecol Func, Dept Ecol Genet & Evoluc, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat,Inst IEGEBA CONICET UB, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Goldstein, Guillermo] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. RP Campanello, PI (reprint author), Univ Nacl Misiones, Lab Ecol Forestal & Ecofisiol, Inst Biol Subtrop, CONICET,FCF, Puerto Iguazu, Argentina. EM pcampanello@gmail.com; bioerman@gmail.com; marian.villagra@gmail.com; yongjiangz@126.com; adelamariapanizza@gmail.com; debodifra@gmail.com; sabrinarodriguez78@yahoo.com.ar; chenyj@xtbg.org.cn; santiago@ucr.edu; gold@bio.miami.edu NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-2544 BN 978-3-319-27422-5; 978-3-319-27420-1 J9 TREE PHYSIOL-NETH PY 2016 VL 6 BP 103 EP 124 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5_5 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5 PG 22 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BF5XG UT WOS:000382766800006 ER PT S AU Santiago, LS Bonal, D De Guzman, ME Avila-Lovera, E AF Santiago, Louis S. Bonal, Damien De Guzman, Mark E. Avila-Lovera, Eleinis BE Goldstein, G Santiago, LS TI Drought Survival Strategies of Tropical Trees SO TROPICAL TREE PHYSIOLOGY: ADAPTATIONS AND RESPONSES IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT SE Tree Physiology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CUTICULAR WATER PERMEABILITY; STEM CO2 FIXATION; RAIN-FOREST; GAS-EXCHANGE; COORDINATED ADJUSTMENTS; PRECIPITATION GRADIENT; VEGETATION MORTALITY; SPECIES COMPOSITION; MIDDAY DEPRESSION; AMAZONIAN FORESTS AB Climate change is predicted to increase the occurrence of extreme droughts, which are associated with elevated mortality rates in tropical trees. Drought-induced mortality is thought to occur by two main mechanisms: hydraulic failure or carbon starvation. This chapter focuses on the strategies that plants use to survive these two drought-induced mortality mechanisms and how these mechanisms are distributed among the immense diversity of tropical tree species. The traits that tropical trees may use to survive drought include (1) xylem that is resistant to drought-induced cavitation, (2) high sapwood capacitance that protects xylem from critically low water potentials, (3) drought deciduousness, (4) photosynthetic stems that have the potential to assimilate carbon at greater water-use efficiency than leaves, (5) deep roots, (6) regulation of gas exchange to reduce leaf water loss or to maintain photosynthesis at low leaf water potential and (7) when all else fails, low cuticular conductance from exposed tissues during extended drought. To date, most research has focused on deciduousness, resistant xylem, soil water, gas exchange behavior and sapwood capacitance, whereas little is known about the role of photosynthetic stems or cuticular conductance during extreme extended drought, making these processes a high priority for a complete understanding of tropical tree physiology during drought. C1 [Santiago, Louis S.; De Guzman, Mark E.; Avila-Lovera, Eleinis] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, 2150 Batchelor Hall, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Santiago, Louis S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. [Bonal, Damien] Univ Lorraine, INRA, UMR EEF, F-54280 Champenoux, France. RP Santiago, LS (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, 2150 Batchelor Hall, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM santiago@ucr.edu; bonal@nancy.inra.fr; mark.deguzman@email.ucr.edu; eleinis.avilalovera@email.ucr.edu NR 80 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-2544 BN 978-3-319-27422-5; 978-3-319-27420-1 J9 TREE PHYSIOL-NETH PY 2016 VL 6 BP 243 EP 258 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5_11 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BF5XG UT WOS:000382766800012 ER PT S AU Dalling, JW Heineman, K Lopez, OR Wright, SJ Turner, BL AF Dalling, James W. Heineman, Katherine Lopez, Omar R. Wright, S. Joseph Turner, Benjamin L. BE Goldstein, G Santiago, LS TI Nutrient Availability in Tropical Rain Forests: The Paradigm of Phosphorus Limitation SO TROPICAL TREE PHYSIOLOGY: ADAPTATIONS AND RESPONSES IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT SE Tree Physiology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Ecosystem nutrient budget; Fertilization experiments; Nutrient uptake; Physiological traits; Soil nutrients ID SOIL ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; BASIN-WIDE VARIATIONS; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; FOLIAR NUTRIENTS; NITROGEN; PRODUCTIVITY; GROWTH; DYNAMICS; AMAZON AB A long-standing paradigm in tropical ecology is that phosphorus (P) availability limits the productivity of most lowland forests, with the largest pool of plant-available P resident in biomass. Evidence that P limits components of productivity is particularly strong for sites in Panama and the Amazon basin. Analyses of forest communities in Panama also show that tree species distributions are strongly affected by P availability at the regional scale, but that their local distributions in a single site on Barro Colorado Island (BCI) are as frequently correlated with base cations as with P. Traits associated with species sensitivity to P availability require more detailed exploration, but appear to show little similarity with those associated with N limitation in temperate forests. Recent research indicates that a large fraction of P in tropical forests exists as organic and microbial P in the soil; plant adaptations to access organic P, including the synthesis of phosphatase enzymes, likely represent critical adaptations to low P environments. Plants also cope with low P availability through increases in P use-efficiency resulting from increased retention time of P in biomass and decreased tissue P concentration. Although foliar P responds strongly to P addition, we show here that foliar P and N:P are highly variable within communities, and at BCI correlate with regional species distributional affinity for P. An improved understanding of P limitation, and in particular the plasticity of responses to P availability, will be critical to predicting community and ecosystem responses of tropical forests to climate change. C1 [Dalling, James W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, 505 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Dalling, James W.; Lopez, Omar R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. [Heineman, Katherine] Univ Illinois, Program Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol, 505 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Lopez, Omar R.] Inst Invest Cient & Serv Alta Tecnol, Apartado Postal 0843-01103, Panama City, Panama. [Wright, S. Joseph; Turner, Benjamin L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. RP Dalling, JW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, 505 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM dalling@illinois.edu; kheineman@life.illinois.edu; olopez@indicasat.org.pa; WRIGHTJ@si.edu; TurnerBL@si.edu NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-2544 BN 978-3-319-27422-5; 978-3-319-27420-1 J9 TREE PHYSIOL-NETH PY 2016 VL 6 BP 261 EP 273 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5_12 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BF5XG UT WOS:000382766800013 ER PT S AU Santiago, LS Goldstein, G AF Santiago, Louis S. Goldstein, Guillermo BE Goldstein, G Santiago, LS TI Is Photosynthesis Nutrient Limited in Tropical Trees? SO TROPICAL TREE PHYSIOLOGY: ADAPTATIONS AND RESPONSES IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT SE Tree Physiology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Nitrogen; Phosphorus; Potassium Meta-analysis; Fertilization; Atmospheric carbon-dioxide ID SEEDLING GROWTH-RESPONSES; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; PHOSPHORUS LIMITATION; RAIN-FOREST; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ELEVATED CO2; PRECIPITATION GRADIENT; NITROGEN RELATIONSHIPS; SAVANNA TREES; WET FOREST AB Tropical forests play an enormously important role in the global cycling of carbon. However, the extent to which nutrients limit the potential for tropical trees to increase carbon gain as atmospheric carbon dioxide rises, a phenomenon known as the carbon-concentration feedback, is uncertain. This chapter addresses our current state of knowledge on nutrient limitation of photosynthesis in tropical trees, summarizing and synthesizing the results of over 20 studies on photosynthetic responses to nutrient manipulation experiments. Our results indicate that nutrient limitation of photosynthesis is widespread, but that contrasting species and ecosystems vary in their responses, with savannah trees showing the least response at the leaf scale. Second, although photosynthesis is strongly limited by N in particular species, N limitation of photosynthesis is modest compared to P limitation of photosynthesis when considering all of the available literature. Finally, alleviation of nutrient limitation through addition of combined nutrient treatments produces the strongest photosynthetic responses, highlighting the potentially complex stroichiometric interactions among elements. The authors discuss several ways forward for resolving questions regarding the potential and limits of tropical trees to influence key carbon cycling processes and thus improve our ability to forecast global responses and feedbacks to climate change. C1 [Santiago, Louis S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, 2150 Batchelor Hall, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Santiago, Louis S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Goldstein, Guillermo] Univ Buenos Aires, Lab Ecol Func, Dept Ecol Genet & Evoluc, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat,Inst IEGEBA CONICET UB, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Goldstein, Guillermo] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. RP Santiago, LS (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, 2150 Batchelor Hall, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM santiago@ucr.edu; gold@bio.miami.edu NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-2544 BN 978-3-319-27422-5; 978-3-319-27420-1 J9 TREE PHYSIOL-NETH PY 2016 VL 6 BP 299 EP 315 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5_14 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5 PG 17 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BF5XG UT WOS:000382766800015 ER PT S AU Goldstein, G Santiago, LS Campanello, PI Avalos, G Zhang, YJ Villagra, M AF Goldstein, Guillermo Santiago, Louis S. Campanello, Paula I. Avalos, Gerardo Zhang, Yong-Jiang Villagra, Mariana BE Goldstein, G Santiago, LS TI Facing Shortage or Excessive Light: How Tropical and Subtropical Trees Adjust Their Photosynthetic Behavior and Life History Traits to a Dynamic Forest Environment SO TROPICAL TREE PHYSIOLOGY: ADAPTATIONS AND RESPONSES IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT SE Tree Physiology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Electron transport rate; Hydraulic architecture; Leaf pigments; Photoinhibition; Photosynthesis; Plasticity; Shade tolerant trees ID THERMAL-ENERGY DISSIPATION; RAIN-FOREST; CARBON GAIN; HAWAIIAN LOBELIADS; ADAPTIVE RADIATION; MOISTURE GRADIENT; FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; XANTHOPHYLL CYCLE; AGE-DETERMINATION; CO2 ASSIMILATION AB Light is critical for plant establishment, growth, and survival in wet tropical forests. The objective of this chapter is to analyze paradigms of photosynthetic performance and life history traits of tropical forest trees to contrasting light environments across the forest floor, gaps and upper canopy. Physiological and morphological plasticity as well as genetically fixed adaptive traits are analyzed, including leaf optical properties and photoprotection from high irradiance. Photosynthetic adaptations to contrasting light environments of closely related species are discussed. This approach has the advantage among comparative studies of adaptations across species in that genetic relationships among species are known. Species-specific variations in maximum photosynthetic rates, which reflect the degree of adaptation to growth irradiance, are shown to be gradual, suggesting that classification into two distinct functional groups in terms of light requirements is somewhat arbitrary. Trees growing in gaps or in the upper canopy rely strongly on biochemical mechanisms to dissipate excess energy and to avoid damage to the light reaction centers and photosystems. Consistent with their high photosynthetic capacity, light demanding species are capable of plastic changes in hydraulic architecture, such as increases in hydraulic conductivity under high irradiance, which makes them more competitive in open habitats. C1 [Goldstein, Guillermo] Univ Buenos Aires, Lab Ecol Func, Dept Ecol Genet & Evoluc, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat,Inst IEGEBA CONICET UB, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Goldstein, Guillermo] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. [Santiago, Louis S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, 2150 Batchelor Hall, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Santiago, Louis S.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. [Campanello, Paula I.; Villagra, Mariana] Univ Nacl Misiones, Lab Ecol Forestal & Ecofisiol, Inst Biol Subtrop, CONICET,FCF, Posadas, Argentina. [Avalos, Gerardo] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Jose 115012060, Costa Rica. [Avalos, Gerardo] Sch Field Studies, Ctr Sustainable Dev Studies, Cummings Ctr 100, Suite 534-G, Beverly, MA 01915 USA. [Zhang, Yong-Jiang] Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, 16 Divin Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Goldstein, G (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Lab Ecol Func, Dept Ecol Genet & Evoluc, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat,Inst IEGEBA CONICET UB, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM goldstein@ege.fcen.uba.ar; santiago@ucr.edu; pcampanello@yahoo.com; gerardo.avalos@ucr.ac.cr; yongjiangzhang@oeb.harvard.edu; marian.villagra@gmail.com NR 89 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-2544 BN 978-3-319-27422-5; 978-3-319-27420-1 J9 TREE PHYSIOL-NETH PY 2016 VL 6 BP 319 EP 336 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5_15 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5 PG 18 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BF5XG UT WOS:000382766800016 ER PT S AU Russo, SE Kitajima, K AF Russo, Sabrina E. Kitajima, Kaoru BE Goldstein, G Santiago, LS TI The Ecophysiology of Leaf Lifespan in Tropical Forests: Adaptive and Plastic Responses to Environmental Heterogeneity SO TROPICAL TREE PHYSIOLOGY: ADAPTATIONS AND RESPONSES IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT SE Tree Physiology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY; BORNEAN RAIN-FOREST; PHOTOSYNTHETIC CAPACITY; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; CONSTRUCTION COST; SHADE TOLERANCE; EVERGREEN SHRUB; CARBON BALANCE; PIONEER TREE; DRY FOREST AB Leaf lifespan, the time from leaf expansion to shedding, exhibits wide variation and is a key integrator of relationships with photosynthetic rate, leaf mass per area (LMA), and leaf nitrogen among coexisting tropical tree species. We present a hierarchical view of sources of variation in leaf lifespan in tropical forests, emphasizing the importance of substantial within-species variation, which has rarely been addressed. Interspecific variation in leaf lifespan is positively correlated with LMA, varying from short-lived, low-LMA leaves to long-lived, high-LMA leaves of species associated with resource-rich versus resource-depleted habitats, respectively. Phenotypic responses of leaf lifespan and LMA to light show counter-gradient variation: with acclimation to shade, leaf lifespan increases, and LMA decreases, but both increase with adaptation to shade. In contrast, phenotypic responses to soil fertility are predicted to show co-gradient variation: both leaf lifespan and LMA increase with declining fertility both inter-and intraspecifically. We present new data analyses supporting these predictions, but the interactive effects of light and soil resources can produce complex phenotypic responses. Future studies of leaf lifespan should devote more attention to within-species variation to better quantify and explain how leaf lifespan is central to trade-offs generating the contrasting ecological strategies of tropical tree species. C1 [Russo, Sabrina E.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Kitajima, Kaoru] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Agr, Kyoto, Japan. [Kitajima, Kaoru] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Russo, SE (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM srusso2@unl.edu; kaoruk@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp NR 108 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-2544 BN 978-3-319-27422-5; 978-3-319-27420-1 J9 TREE PHYSIOL-NETH PY 2016 VL 6 BP 357 EP 383 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5_17 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5 PG 27 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BF5XG UT WOS:000382766800018 ER PT S AU Slot, M Winter, K AF Slot, Martijn Winter, Klaus BE Goldstein, G Santiago, LS TI The Effects of Rising Temperature on the Ecophysiology of Tropical Forest Trees SO TROPICAL TREE PHYSIOLOGY: ADAPTATIONS AND RESPONSES IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT SE Tree Physiology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ISOPRENE EMISSION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RAIN-FOREST; LEAF RESPIRATION; THERMAL-ACCLIMATION; GROWTH TEMPERATURE; FICUS-INSIPIDA; RUBISCO ACTIVASE; HEAT TOLERANCE; PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSES AB The response of tropical trees to rising temperatures represents a key uncertainty that limits our ability to predict biosphere-atmosphere feedbacks in a warming world. We review the current understanding of temperature effects on the ecophysiology of tropical trees from organelle to biome level, where we distinguish between short-term responses, acclimation, and adaptation. We present new data on short-term temperature responses of photosynthesis and dark respiration, and temperature acclimation of photosynthesis. We also compare new field and laboratory-obtained photosynthesis-temperature response data. We identify several priority study areas. (1) Acclimation: We need to better understand photosynthetic acclimation, for example to determine whether the adjustment of the thermal optimum of photosynthesis (TOpt) is consistently negated by a decrease in photosynthesis at TOpt, as we observed. (2) Growth: Whereas tropical seedlings may grow better with warming, canopy trees reportedly grow worse; we do not currently know what explains these contrasting temperature effects. (3) Reproduction: Tropical trees may be close to reproductive temperature thresholds, as heat sterility in crops occurs in the upper 30 degrees C range. Nonetheless, the temperature sensitivity of tropical tree reproduction is virtually unstudied. (4) Mortality: How does heat-induced atmospheric drought (high leaf-to-air vapor pressure deficit) affect tropical tree mortality? (5) Stomatal behavior: What is the specific role of temperature in the induction of midday-stomtal closure on sunny days? Better knowledge in these areas will improve our ability to predict carbon fluxes in tropical forests experiencing ongoing warming. C1 [Slot, Martijn; Winter, Klaus] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Slot, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM SlotM@si.edu NR 136 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-2544 BN 978-3-319-27422-5; 978-3-319-27420-1 J9 TREE PHYSIOL-NETH PY 2016 VL 6 BP 385 EP 412 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5_18 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5 PG 28 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BF5XG UT WOS:000382766800019 ER PT B AU Gratwicke, B Neff, M Mayer, LR Ryan, S Sevin, J AF Gratwicke, Brian Neff, Matthew Mayer, Lindsay Renick Ryan, Sharon Sevin, Jennifer BE Dodd, CK TI Education and outreach SO REPTILE ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION: A HANDBOOK OF TECHNIQUES SE Techniques in Ecology and Conservation Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CITIZEN SCIENCE; CONSERVATION; LEADERSHIP; SNAKES C1 [Gratwicke, Brian; Neff, Matthew] Smithsonians Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, 3001 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20009 USA. [Mayer, Lindsay Renick] Global Wildlife Conservat, POB 129, Austin, TX 78767 USA. [Ryan, Sharon] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. [Sevin, Jennifer] Ctr Leadership Global Sustainabil, 900 North Glebe Rd, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Gratwicke, B (reprint author), Smithsonians Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, 3001 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20009 USA. EM gratwickeb@si.edu; NeffM@si.edu; renickmayer@gmail.com; RyanSM@si.edu; jennifer.sevin@gmail.com NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 198 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA BN 978-0-19-872614-2; 978-0-19-872613-5 J9 TECH ECOL CONSERVAT PY 2016 BP 436 EP 448 D2 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198726135.001.0001 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA BF5NE UT WOS:000382301800031 ER PT J AU Mathis, WN Costa, DNR Marinoni, L AF Mathis, Wayne N. Costa, Daniel N. R. Marinoni, Luciane TI A review of the Neotropical species of the shore-fly genera Orasiopa and Pectinifer (Diptera: Ephydridae) SO ZOOLOGIA LA English DT Review DE Neotropical Region; shore flies; Discocerinini; taxonomy ID REVISION AB Species of two genera of the tribe Discocerinini from the Neotropics are reviewed with an emphasis on the fauna from Brazil. The two species, Orasiopa (Reymontopa) mera (Cresson, 1939) and Pectinifer aeneus (Cresson, 1918), are described, illustrated and new occurrence data are provided. Phylogenetic relationships of these two genera into the tribe are discussed. To facilitate identification of these species, we have included diagnoses of the Discocerinini and both genera and have also provided an annotated key to the New World genera in this tribe. We have also provided illustrations, photographs, and scanning electron micrographs of external structures and of structures of the male terminalia for included species. C1 [Mathis, Wayne N.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, POB 37012,MRC 169, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Costa, Daniel N. R.; Marinoni, Luciane] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, Caixa Postal 19020, BR-81531980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil. RP Costa, DNR (reprint author), Univ Fed Parana, Dept Zool, Caixa Postal 19020, BR-81531980 Curitiba, PR, Brazil. EM mathisw@si.edu; negosekidan@ufpr.br; lmarinoni@ufpr.br RI Marinoni, Luciane /C-5720-2013 FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico - Brazil (CNPq) [234167/2014-9]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brazil; CNPq [401609/2009-0] FX We gratefully acknowledge the assistance and cooperation of many organizations and individuals who contributed to the field work and production of this paper. Photographs of the specimens, especially the faces, were expertly taken with a Visionary Digital System. For reviewing a draft of this paper we thank Tadeusz Zatwarnicki, who also allowed us to use illustrations of the male terminalia that he prepared. We thank the curators and collections managers who loaned collections or facilitated work in their museums: Jon K. Gelhaus and Jason D. Weintraub (ANSP) and Carlos Jose Einicker Lamas (MZUSP). This study was supported by grants from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico - Brazil (CNPq process number 234167/2014-9) and Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior - Brazil, including a recent field work in Brazil (December 2009-June 2010) that resulted in the vast majority of specimens from Brazil that were studied in this paper was supported by a grant from CNPq (Visiting Researcher/Process number 401609/2009-0), which we gratefully acknowledge and thank. We thank Dianne Mathis for helping with all aspects of the production of this paper, especially the field work in Brazil. We also thank A. Bernardo Carvalho and his lab (Elisa, Monica, Susana) for hosting us while conducting field work along the coast of Sao Paulo. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC BRASILEIRA ZOOLOGIA, UNIV FEDERAL PARANA PI CURITIBA PA CAIXA POSTAL 19020, CURITIBA, PARANA 81531-980, BRAZIL SN 1984-4670 J9 ZOOLOGIA-CURITIBA JI Zoologia PY 2016 VL 33 IS 3 AR e20150169 DI 10.1590/S1984-4689zool-20150169 PG 15 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DS5VM UT WOS:000380851100003 ER PT J AU Ryan, T AF Ryan, Terre TI "Changing the Conversation" Contexts for Reading Michelle Obama's American Grown: The Story of the White House Kitchen Garden and Gardens Across America SO FRONTIERS-A JOURNAL OF WOMEN STUDIES LA English DT Article C1 [Ryan, Terre] Harvard Univ, Dumbarton Oaks Res Lib & Collect, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ryan, Terre] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Ryan, Terre] Loyola Univ Maryland, Writing, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA. RP Ryan, T (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.; Ryan, T (reprint author), Loyola Univ Maryland, Writing, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA. NR 96 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV NEBRASKA PRESS PI LINCOLN PA 1111 LINCOLN MALL, LINCOLN, NE 68588-0630 USA SN 0160-9009 EI 1536-0334 J9 FRONTIERS JI Frontiers-J. Women Stud. PY 2016 VL 37 IS 2 BP 75 EP 108 PG 34 WC Women's Studies SC Women's Studies GA DS7TR UT WOS:000380986300005 ER PT J AU Schejter, L Bremec, CS Cairns, SD AF Schejter, Laura Bremec, Claudia S. Cairns, Stephen D. TI Scleractinian corals recorded in the Argentinean Antarctic expeditions between 2012 and 2014, with comments on Flabellum (Flabellum) areum Cairns, 1982 SO POLAR RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cold-water corals; Antarctica; range extension; bathymetric range extension; Scleractinia ID COLD-WATER CORALS AB In this contribution, we provide a list of the scleractinian corals recorded during the Argentinean Antarctic expeditions on board the oceanographic vessel Puerto Deseado (Argentina) in the austral summers in 2012, 2013 and 2014. The identified taxa consist of six solitary species (Flabellum impensum, F. flexuosum, F. areum, Caryophyllia antarctica, Paraconotrochus antarcticus and Javania antarctica), recorded from 19 sampling sites located off the Antarctic Peninsula and South Shetland and South Orkney islands. We also update the information of F. areum, previously known only from south-west Atlantic waters, extending its distribution range to Antarctic waters and its upper bathymetric range to 218 m. C1 [Schejter, Laura] Inst Nacl Invest & Desarrollo Pesquero, Paseo Victoria Ocampo 1, RA-7600 Mar Del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Schejter, Laura; Bremec, Claudia S.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Inst Invest Marinas & Costeras, RA-7600 Mar Del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Cairns, Stephen D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Schejter, L (reprint author), Inst Nacl Invest & Desarrollo Pesquero, Paseo Victoria Ocampo 1, RA-7600 Mar Del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. EM schejter@inidep.edu.ar FU National Scientific and Technical Research Council (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas); Argentinean National Antarctic Direction; National Institute for Fisheries Research and Development (Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo Pesquero); PICT [2013-0629] FX We wish to thank to the crew and participants of the Antarctic expeditions that collaborated during sampling procedures. This study was partially supported by the National Scientific and Technical Research Council (Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas), the Argentinean National Antarctic Direction, the National Institute for Fisheries Research and Development (Instituto Nacional de Investigacion y Desarrollo Pesquero) and PICT 2013-0629 (to SL). This is INIDEP contribution no. 1948. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CO-ACTION PUBLISHING PI JARFALLA PA RIPVAGEN 7, JARFALLA, SE-175 64, SWEDEN SN 0800-0395 EI 1751-8369 J9 POLAR RES JI Polar Res. PY 2016 VL 35 AR 29762 DI 10.3402/polar.v35.29762 PG 6 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Oceanography GA DS8OR UT WOS:000381043200001 ER PT J AU Velez-Juarbe, J Wood, AR Pimiento, C AF Velez-Juarbe, Jorge Wood, Aaron R. Pimiento, Catalina TI PYGMY SPERM WHALES (ODONTOCETI, KOGIIDAE) FROM THE PLIOCENE OF FLORIDA AND NORTH CAROLINA SO JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CETACEA; ATLANTIC; MIOCENE AB We describe fossil kogiid periotics from the Lower Pliocene upper Bone Valley Formation in central Florida and the Lower to Upper Pliocene Yorktown Formation at Lee Creek Mine, North Carolina. The fossils show diagnostic characters that identify them as belonging to Kogiidae, such as three spines in the anterior process, presence of an incudal process, and a posterior process oriented along the long axis of the bone. Morphological comparisons and morphometric and statistical analyses of periotic proportions confirm the presence of a large and a small morphotype within the sample. The large morphotype (mean length = 39.76 mm) belongs to an unknown kogiid that occurs in both formations, whereas the small morphotype (mean length = 28.64 mm), referred to aff. Kogia sp., occurs only in the Yorktown Formation. The cooccurrence of two taxa in North Carolina may represent one of the earliest evidences of sympatry in kogiids and may demonstrate that this ecological behavior has been part of the natural history of this group at least since the deposition of the Yorktown Formation at Lee Creek (similar to 4.8-3.1 Ma). In addition, the occurrence of the large morphotype in the upper Bone Valley Formation, herein reported for the first time, shows that we are still far from understanding the diversity of marine mammals of that formation and that revision of newly acquired material is necessary. C1 [Velez-Juarbe, Jorge] Nat Hist Museum Los Angeles Cty, Dept Mammal, 900 Exposit Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. [Velez-Juarbe, Jorge; Wood, Aaron R.; Pimiento, Catalina] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, 1659 Museum Rd, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Velez-Juarbe, Jorge] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Wood, Aaron R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Geol & Atmospher Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Pimiento, Catalina] Univ Zurich, Paleontol Inst & Museum, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. [Pimiento, Catalina] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 2072, Balboa, Panama. RP Velez-Juarbe, J (reprint author), Nat Hist Museum Los Angeles Cty, Dept Mammal, 900 Exposit Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA.; Velez-Juarbe, J (reprint author), Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, 1659 Museum Rd, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.; Velez-Juarbe, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM jvelezjuar@nhm.org; awood@iastate.edu; pimientoc@ufl.edu FU NSF CSBR grant [1203222]; NSF PIRE grant [0966884]; NSF Earth Sciences Postdoctoral Fellowship grant [1249920] FX We thank D. J. Bohaska, C. W. Potter, and N. D. Pyenson (USNM); R. C. Hulbert, Jr., and C. L. McCaffery (FLMNH); C. Argot, G. Billet, and C. deMuizon (MNHN) for providing access to specimens under their care. We are grateful to G. Bianucci, R. E. Fordyce, and Editor O. Lambert for their thorough and helpful review of our article. We extend our gratitude to J. E. Ranson, Jr., for collecting and kindly donating some of the Bone Valley material. The pictures of the UF material were taken by S. Moran as part of ongoing curatorial efforts sponsored by NSF CSBR grant#1203222. This project was funded by NSF PIRE grant #0966884 and NSF Earth Sciences Postdoctoral Fellowship grant #1249920. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0272-4634 EI 1937-2809 J9 J VERTEBR PALEONTOL JI J. Vertebr. Paleontol. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 4 AR e1135806 DI 10.1080/02724634.2016.1135806 PG 10 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA DS2EJ UT WOS:000380558100012 ER PT J AU Vari, RP Melo, BF Oliveira, C AF Vari, Richard P. Melo, Bruno F. Oliveira, Claudio TI Protocheirodon, a new genus of Characidae (Teleostei: Characiformes) with the redescription of the poorly known Protocheirodon pi SO Neotropical Ichthyology LA English DT Article DE Aphyocharacinae; Amazon basin; Cheirodontinae; Leptagoniates; Taxonomy ID PHYLOGENY; SUBFAMILY AB Protocheirodon, a new genus of the Characidae, is proposed to include a species previously assigned to Leptagoniates. This action is supported by molecular and morphological phylogenetic hypotheses that place Protocheirodon pi as the sister group of the remaining tribes in the Cheirodontinae versus the traditional assignment of the species to the Aphyocharacinae. The phylogenetic position of Protocheirodon is recognized as a new tribe, the Protocheirodontini. Protocheirodon pi, originally described based on a small number of specimens from a single location in the rio Mamore basin in the southwestern Amazon, is redescribed on the basis of larger series of specimens from the western and central portions of the Amazon basin. C1 [Vari, Richard P.; Melo, Bruno F.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, MCR-159,Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Melo, Bruno F.; Oliveira, Claudio] Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Morfol, Dist Rubiao Jr S-N, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. RP Melo, BF (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, MCR-159,Box 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Melo, BF (reprint author), Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Morfol, Dist Rubiao Jr S-N, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. EM melo@ibb.unesp.br; claudio@ibb.unesp.br FU Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Chair in Systematic Ichthyology, Division of Fishes, National Museum of Natural History; FAPESP [2011/08374-1, 2011/50282-7]; CNPq [140193/2015-4] FX We thank Sandra Raredon (USNM) for Fig. 2a and radiographs, Martin and Peter Hoffmann for Fig. 2b, Barbara Brown (AMNH), Mark Sabaj Perez (ANSP), David Catania (CAS), Caleb McMahan and Susan Mochel (FMNH), and Osvaldo Oyakawa and Alessio Datovo (MZUSP) for hospitality during visits and the loan of specimens. We also thank Fernando Carvalho (UFMS), Luiz Malabarba (UFRGS) and an anonymous reviewer for valuable suggestions on the manuscript. Support for the project was provided by the Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Chair in Systematic Ichthyology, Division of Fishes, National Museum of Natural History (RPV), and FAPESP #2011/08374-1, CNPq #140193/2015-4 (BFM) and FAPESP #2011/50282-7 (CO). NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC BRASILEIRA ICTIOLOGIA PI SAO PAULO PA UNIV SAO PAULO, DEPT FISIOLOGIA-IB, RUA DO MATAO, TRAVESSA 14 N 321, SAO PAULO, SP 05508-900, BRAZIL SN 1679-6225 J9 NEOTROP ICHTHYOL JI Neotrop. Ichthyol. PY 2016 VL 14 IS 2 AR e150154 DI 10.1590/1982-0224-20150154 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DS5OP UT WOS:000380831900015 ER PT J AU Mawdsley, JR AF Mawdsley, Jonathan R. TI The blue carpenter bees: a synopsis of the "Cyaneoderes group" of genus Xylocopa Latreille, 1802 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) SO ORIENTAL INSECTS LA English DT Article DE Apidae; Xylocopa; bee; carpenter bee; large carpenter bee; Cyaneoderes; taxonomy; identification AB A review is presented of the species included within the "Cyaneoderes group" of the genus Xylocopa Latreille, 1802, subgenus Koptortosoma Gribodo, 1894. The 14 names applied to members of this group by previous authors represent six valid species. Females of five species in this group have bright blue and black pubescence on the dorsal surface: X. abbotti (Cockerell, 1909); X. bangkaensis Friese, 1903; X. caerulea (Fabricius, 1804); X. insularis Smith, 1857; and X. tumida, Friese, 1903. A key, diagnostic table, and set of illustrations is presented to facilitate the identification of females of all five species. The known males of species in this group (X. caerulea and X. insularis) are illustrated. Xylocopa dormeyeri Enderlein, 1909, is placed as a synonym of X. insularis Smith, while X. meade-waldoi Hurd, 1959, is placed as a synonym of X. caerulea (Fabricius), New Synonymies. Diagnostic notes are presented for X. incompleta Ritsema, 1880, a species with bright orange (rather than blue) pubescence, which was included in the "Cyaneoderes group" by previous workers. C1 [Mawdsley, Jonathan R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Mawdsley, JR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM mawdsleyj@si.edu NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0030-5316 EI 2157-8745 J9 ORIENT INSECTS JI Orient. Insects PY 2016 VL 50 IS 2 BP 51 EP 60 DI 10.1080/00305316.2016.1170734 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DS0DV UT WOS:000380266500003 ER PT J AU Melo, BF Benine, RC Britzke, R Gama, CS Oliveira, C AF Melo, Bruno F. Benine, Ricardo C. Britzke, Ricardo Gama, Cecile S. Oliveira, Claudio TI An inventory of coastal freshwater fishes from Amapa highlighting the occurrence of eight new records for Brazil SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Amazon; French Guyana; Neotropical; South America; Teleostei ID CHARACIFORMES; RIVER AB The Amazon Basin occupies a vast portion of northern South America and contains some of the highest species richness in the world. The northern Brazilian state of Amapa is delimited by the Amazonas River to the south, the Oyapock River to the northern boundary with French Guyana, and the Atlantic northeastern coast to Amazon estuary. Despite several expeditions to the Amazon in recent decades, little is known about the freshwater ichthyofauna from Amapa, with records limited to local inventories and species descriptions. This paper presents a compilation of the freshwater fish diversity sampled in fifteen sites covering two major Amapa ecoregions during the dry season of 2015. 120 species representing eight orders and 40 families are reported upon in this work. Eight species appear for the first time in the Brazilian territory providing new information for future conservation status evaluations. C1 [Melo, Bruno F.; Oliveira, Claudio] Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Morfol, Rubiao Jr S-N, BR-18618689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Melo, Bruno F.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Benine, Ricardo C.] Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, Rubiao Jr S-N, BR-18618689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Britzke, Ricardo] Univ Tecn Machala, Fac Ciencias Agr, Lab Acuacultura, Av Panamer Km 4 1-2,Via Machala Pasaje, Machala 070150, El Oro, Ecuador. [Gama, Cecile S.] Inst Pesquisas Cient & Tecnol Estado Amapa, Av Feliciano Coelho 1509, BR-68900260 Macapa, Amapa, Brazil. RP Melo, BF (reprint author), Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Morfol, Rubiao Jr S-N, BR-18618689 Botucatu, SP, Brazil.; Melo, BF (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM melo@ibb.unesp.br OI Melo, Bruno F./0000-0002-0499-567X NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 606 BP 127 EP 140 DI 10.3897/zookeys.606.9297 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DR7ZM UT WOS:000380118200008 PM 27551225 ER PT J AU Baldwin, CC Pitassy, DE Robertson, DR AF Baldwin, Carole C. Pitassy, Diane E. Ross Robertson, D. TI A new deep-reef scorpionfish (Teleostei, Scorpaenidae, Scorpaenodes) from the southern Caribbean with comments on depth distributions and relationships of western Atlantic members of the genus SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Manned submersible; Smithsonian Deep Reef Observation Project (DROP); Substation Curacao; ocean exploration; integrative taxonomy; phylogeny ID SEQUENCES AB A new species of scorpionfish, Scorpaenodes barrybrowni Pitassy & Baldwin, sp. n. which is described, was collected during submersible diving in the southern Caribbean as part of the Smithsonian's Deep Reef Observation Project (DROP). It differs from the other two western Atlantic species of the genus, S. caribbaeus and S. tredecimspinosus, in various features, including its color pattern, having an incomplete lateral line comprising 8-10 pored scales, tending to be more elongate, usually having the 11th-12th pectoral-fin rays elongate, and by 20-23% divergence in the cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) DNA barcode sequences. It further differs from one or the other of those species in head spination and in numbers of soft dorsal-fin rays, pectoral-fin rays, and precaudal + caudal vertebrae. Inhabiting depths of 95-160 m, the new species is the deepest western Atlantic member of the genus (S. caribbaeus occurs at depths < 35 m and S. tredecimspinosus from 7 to 82 m). DNA barcode data do not rigorously resolve relationships among the ten species of the genus for which those data are available. C1 [Baldwin, Carole C.; Pitassy, Diane E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Ross Robertson, D.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Baldwin, CC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM baldwinc@si.edu FU NMNH Research Programs; Consortium for Understanding and Sustaining a Biodiverse Planet; Competitive Grants for the Promotion of Science program; Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Endowment Fund for systematic ichthyology; National Geographic Society's Committee for Research and Exploration [9102-12] FX For contributing in various ways to this project, we thank the following (in alphabetical order): Bruce Brandt, Barry Brown, Cristina Castillo, Amy Driskell, Tico Christiaan, Rob Loendersloot, Dan Mulcahy, Sandra Raredon, Laureen Schenk, Adriaan Schrier, Barbara van Bebber, Lee Weigt, Jeff Williams, and Carol Youmans. Funding for the Smithsonian Institution's Deep Reef Observation Project was provided internally by NMNH Research Programs to CCB, the Consortium for Understanding and Sustaining a Biodiverse Planet to CCB, the Competitive Grants for the Promotion of Science program to CCB and DRR, and the Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Endowment Fund for systematic ichthyology to CCB; and externally by National Geographic Society's Committee for Research and Exploration to CCB (Grant #9102-12). This is Ocean Heritage Foundation/Curacao Sea Aquarium/Substation Curacao (OHF/SCA/SC) contribution number 25. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 606 BP 141 EP 158 DI 10.3897/zookeys.606.8590 PG 18 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DR7ZM UT WOS:000380118200009 PM 27551226 ER PT S AU Smith, FA Payne, JL Heim, NA Balk, MA Finnegan, S Kowalewski, M Lyons, SK McClain, CR McShea, DW Novack-Gottshall, PM Anich, PS Wang, SC AF Smith, Felisa A. Payne, Jonathan L. Heim, Noel A. Balk, Meghan A. Finnegan, Seth Kowalewski, Michal Lyons, S. Kathleen McClain, Craig R. McShea, Daniel W. Novack-Gottshall, Philip M. Anich, Paula Spaeth Wang, Steve C. BE Jeanloz, R Freeman, KH TI Body Size Evolution Across the Geozoic SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCES, VOL 44 SE Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE allometry; biovolume; maximum body size; macroevolution; geobiology ID LIFE-HISTORY PUZZLE; COPES RULE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CRETACEOUS MOLLUSKS; POPULATION-DENSITY; TRIASSIC RECOVERY; FORMING PLANTS; APEX CHERT; MAMMALS; EXTINCTION AB The Geozoic encompasses the 3.6 Ga interval in Earth history when life has existed. Over this time, life has diversified from exclusively tiny, single-celled organisms to include large, complex multicellular forms. Just how and why this diversification occurred has been a major area of interest for paleontologists and evolutionary biologists for centuries. Here, we compile data on organism size throughout the Geozoic fossil record for the three domains of life. We describe canonical trends in the evolution of body size, synthesize current understanding of the patterns and causal mechanisms at various hierarchical scales, and discuss the biological and geological consequences of variation in organismal size. C1 [Smith, Felisa A.; Balk, Meghan A.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Payne, Jonathan L.; Heim, Noel A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Finnegan, Seth] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kowalewski, Michal] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Lyons, S. Kathleen] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [McClain, Craig R.] Natl Evolutionary Synth Ctr, Durham, NC 27705 USA. [McShea, Daniel W.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Novack-Gottshall, Philip M.] Benedictine Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lisle, IL 60532 USA. [Anich, Paula Spaeth] Northland Coll, Dept Biol & Nat Resources, Ashland, WI 54806 USA. [Wang, Steve C.] Swarthmore Coll, Dept Math & Stat, Swarthmore, PA 19081 USA. RP Smith, FA (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM fasmith@unm.edu RI Kowalewski, Michal/B-4263-2008; OI Kowalewski, Michal/0000-0002-8575-4711; McClain, Craig/0000-0003-0574-428X; Novack-Gottshall, Philip/0000-0002-2583-2968; Heim, Noel/0000-0002-4528-345X; Payne, Jonathan/0000-0002-9601-3310 NR 174 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 10 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 0084-6597 BN 978-0-8243-2044-7 J9 ANNU REV EARTH PL SC JI Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. PY 2016 VL 44 BP 523 EP 553 DI 10.1146/annurev-earth-060115-012147 PG 31 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Geology GA BF0QT UT WOS:000379329700020 ER PT J AU Nowlan, CR Liu, X Leitch, J Chance, K Abad, GG Liu, C Zoogman, P Cole, J Delker, T Good, W Murcray, F Ruppert, L Soo, D Follette-Cook, MB Janz, SJ Kowalewski, MG Loughner, CP Pickering, KE Herman, JR Beaver, MR Long, RW Szykman, JJ Judd, LM Kelley, P Luke, WT Ren, XR Al-Saadi, JA AF Nowlan, Caroline R. Liu, Xiong Leitch, JamesW. Chance, Kelly Abad, Gonzalo Gonzalez Liu, Cheng Zoogman, Peter Cole, Joshua Delker, Thomas Good, William Murcray, Frank Ruppert, Lyle Soo, Daniel Follette-Cook, Melanie B. Janz, Scott J. Kowalewski, Matthew G. Loughner, Christopher P. Pickering, Kenneth E. Herman, Jay R. Beaver, Melinda R. Long, Russell W. Szykman, James J. Judd, Laura M. Kelley, Paul Luke, Winston T. Ren, Xinrong Al-Saadi, Jassim A. TI Nitrogen dioxide observations from the Geostationary Trace gas and Aerosol Sensor Optimization (GeoTASO) airborne instrument: Retrieval algorithm and measurements during DISCOVER-AQ Texas 2013 SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID OZONE MONITORING INSTRUMENT; IMAGING DOAS INSTRUMENT; TROPOSPHERIC NO2 RETRIEVAL; ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTION; CMAQ MODELING SYSTEM; SATELLITE RETRIEVALS; STRATOSPHERIC OZONE; FORMALDEHYDE; OMI; SCATTERING AB The Geostationary Trace gas and Aerosol Sensor Optimization (GeoTASO) airborne instrument is a test bed for upcoming air quality satellite instruments that will measure backscattered ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared light from geostationary orbit. GeoTASO flew on the NASA Falcon aircraft in its first intensive field measurement campaign during the Deriving Information on Surface Conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality (DISCOVER-AQ) Earth Venture Mission over Houston, Texas, in September 2013. Measurements of backscattered solar radiation between 420 and 465 nm collected on 4 days during the campaign are used to determine slant column amounts of NO2 at 250 m x 250 m spatial resolution with a fitting precision of 2.2 x 10(15) molecules cm(-2). These slant columns are converted to tropospheric NO2 vertical columns using a radiative transfer model and trace gas profiles from the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. Total column NO2 from GeoTASO is well correlated with ground-based Pandora observations (r = 0 : 90 on the most polluted and cloud-free day of measurements and r = 0.74 overall), with GeoTASO NO2 slightly higher for the most polluted observations. Surface NO2 mixing ratios inferred from GeoTASO using the CMAQ model show good correlation with NO2 measured in situ at the surface during the campaign (r = 0 : 85). NO2 slant columns from GeoTASO also agree well with preliminary retrievals from the GEO-CAPE Airborne Simulator (GCAS) which flew on the NASA King Air B200 (r = 0.81, slope = 0.91). Enhanced NO2 is resolvable over areas of traffic NOx emissions and near individual petrochemical facilities. C1 [Nowlan, Caroline R.; Liu, Xiong; Chance, Kelly; Abad, Gonzalo Gonzalez; Liu, Cheng; Zoogman, Peter] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Leitch, JamesW.; Cole, Joshua; Delker, Thomas; Good, William; Murcray, Frank; Ruppert, Lyle; Soo, Daniel] Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Follette-Cook, Melanie B.] Morgan State Univ, GESTAR, Baltimore, MD 21251 USA. [Follette-Cook, Melanie B.; Janz, Scott J.; Kowalewski, Matthew G.; Loughner, Christopher P.; Pickering, Kenneth E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Loughner, Christopher P.; Kelley, Paul; Ren, Xinrong] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Herman, Jay R.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Beaver, Melinda R.; Long, Russell W.; Szykman, James J.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Judd, Laura M.] Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77004 USA. [Kelley, Paul; Luke, Winston T.; Ren, Xinrong] NOAA, Air Resources Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Al-Saadi, Jassim A.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Liu, Cheng] Univ Sci & Technol, Hefei, Anhui, Peoples R China. RP Nowlan, CR (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM cnowlan@cfa.harvard.edu RI Liu, Xiong/P-7186-2014; Ren, Xinrong/E-7838-2015; Pickering, Kenneth/E-6274-2012; OI Liu, Xiong/0000-0003-2939-574X; Ren, Xinrong/0000-0001-9974-1666; Gonzalez Abad, Gonzalo/0000-0002-8090-6480; Loughner, Christopher/0000-0002-3833-2014 FU NASA Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO) Instrument Incubator Program; NASA GEO-CAPE Program FX This work was supported under the NASA Earth Science Technology Office (ESTO) Instrument Incubator Program and the NASA GEO-CAPE Program. MODIS MCD43GF V005 data were provided by the MODIS remote sensing group at the University of Massachusetts, Boston. We acknowledge the free use of tropospheric NO2 column data from GOME-2/Metop-A from http://www.temis.nl. The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development under the Air, Climate and Energy Research Program collaborated on this research. It has been subjected to agency review and approved for publication. NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 6 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1867-1381 EI 1867-8548 J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH JI Atmos. Meas. Tech. PY 2016 VL 9 IS 6 BP 2647 EP 2668 DI 10.5194/amt-9-2647-2016 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DQ7OM UT WOS:000379397100013 ER PT J AU Abad, GG Vasilkov, A Seftor, C Liu, X Chance, K AF Abad, Gonzalo Gonzalez Vasilkov, Alexander Seftor, Colin Liu, Xiong Chance, Kelly TI Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (SAO OMPS) formaldehyde retrieval SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID ROTATIONAL RAMAN-SCATTERING; ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTIONS; MONITORING INSTRUMENT; SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; GOME-2 OBSERVATIONS; GLOBAL OBSERVATIONS; ISOPRENE EMISSIONS; COLUMNS; CLIMATE; HCHO AB This paper presents our new formaldehyde (H2CO) retrievals, obtained from spectra recorded by the nadir instrument of the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) flown on board NASA's Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SUOMI-NPP) satellite. Our algorithm is similar to the one currently in place for the production of NASA's Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) operational H2CO product. We are now able to produce a set of long-term data from two different instruments that share a similar concept and a similar retrieval approach. The ongoing overlap period between OMI and OMPS offers a perfect opportunity to study the consistency between both data sets. The different spatial and spectral resolution of the instruments is a source of discrepancy in the retrievals despite the similarity of the physic assumptions of the algorithm. We have concluded that the reduced spectral resolution of OMPS in comparison with OMI is not a significant obstacle in obtaining good-quality retrievals. Indeed, the improved signal-to-noise ratio of OMPS with respect to OMI helps to reduce the noise of the retrievals performed using OMPS spectra. However, the size of OMPS spatial pixels imposes a limitation in the capability to distinguish particular features of H2CO that are discernible with OMI. With root mean square (RMS) residuals similar to 5 x 10(-4) for individual pixels we estimate the detection limit to be about 7.5 x 10(15)aEuro-molecules cm(-2). Total vertical column density (VCD) errors for individual pixels range between 40aEuro-% for pixels with high concentrations to 100aEuro-% or more for pixels with concentrations at or below the detection limit. We compare different OMI products (SAO OMI v3.0.2 and BIRA OMI v14) with our OMPS product using 1 year of data, between September 2012 and September 2013. The seasonality of the retrieved slant columns is captured similarly by all products but there are discrepancies in the values of the VCDs. The mean biases among the two OMI products and our OMPS product are 23aEuro-% between OMI SAO and OMPS SAO and 28aEuro-% between OMI BIRA and OMPS SAO for eight selected regions. C1 [Abad, Gonzalo Gonzalez; Liu, Xiong; Chance, Kelly] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Vasilkov, Alexander; Seftor, Colin] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Abad, GG (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM ggonzalezabad@cfa.harvard.edu RI Liu, Xiong/P-7186-2014; OI Liu, Xiong/0000-0003-2939-574X; Gonzalez Abad, Gonzalo/0000-0002-8090-6480 FU NASA Atmospheric Composition Program/Aura Science Team [NNX11AE58G]; Consortium for Unlocking the Mysteries of the Universe FX This study is supported by NASA Atmospheric Composition Program/Aura Science Team (NNX11AE58G) and internal Smithsonian Institution funds from the Consortium for Unlocking the Mysteries of the Universe. The Dutch-Finnish OMI instrument is part of the NASA EOS Aura satellite payload. The OMI Project is managed by NIVR and KNMI in the Netherlands. We acknowledge the OMI and OMPS projects for providing data used in this study. We thank Kai Yang for his valuable input understanding the characteristics of OMPS-NM. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1867-1381 EI 1867-8548 J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH JI Atmos. Meas. Tech. PY 2016 VL 9 IS 7 BP 2797 EP 2812 DI 10.5194/amt-9-2797-2016 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DQ7VY UT WOS:000379417200003 ER PT J AU Sylvester, SP Soreng, RJ Peterson, PM Sylvester, MDPV AF Sylvester, Steven P. Soreng, Robert J. Peterson, Paul M. Sylvester, Mitsy D. P. V. TI An updated checklist and key to the open-panicled species of Poa L. (Poaceae) in Peru including three new species, Poa ramoniana, Poa tayacajaensis, and Poa urubambensis SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Checklist; Gramineae; new species; Peru; Poa; Pooideae; Polylepis forest; Pooideae; Puna grassland; grass taxonomy ID POOIDEAE POEAE POINAE; DISSANTHELIUM POACEAE; ANDES; VEGETATION; PHYLOGENY; COLOMBIA AB We provide an updated checklist and key to the 30 Poa species with open panicles from Peru which includes previously circumscribed Dissanthelium and Aphanelytrum species, new taxon records, and three undescribed species. Poa compressa, P. grisebachii, and P. leioclada are recorded from Peru for the first time. A number of species are placed in synonymy: Poa carazensis, P. ferreyrae and P. tovarii are synonymized under the name P. fibrifera; Poa adusta (tentatively) and P. pilgeri are synonymized under P. candamoana; Poa superata is synonymized under P. grisebachii; and Poa paramoensis is synonymized under P. huancavelicae. Included within this treatment are three new species, Poa ramoniana, P. tayacajaensis and P. urubambensis, which are described and illustrated. Poa ramoniana, found growing near lakes in high elevation Puna grasslands of Junn, is similar to a small form of P. glaberrima, but differs in having rhizomes and growing to only 5 cm tall. Poa tayacajaensis, found from shrublands on Andean slopes of Huancavelica and Huanuco, bears similarities to Poa aequatoriensis but differs in having shorter lemmas which are pubescent between the veins, densely scabrous sheaths with smooth, glabrous throats, and shorter ligules. Poa urubambensis, a common element of the undisturbed Polylepis forest understory of the Cordillera Urubamba, Cusco, is distinct from all other members of open-panicled Poa's by having glabrous lemmas with a smooth and glabrous callus, and notably small anthers. The type material for the name Poa adusta is discussed and a lectotype is selected. C1 [Sylvester, Steven P.; Sylvester, Mitsy D. P. V.] Univ Zurich, Inst Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, Zollikerstr 107, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland. [Sylvester, Steven P.] Univ Marburg, Dept Geog, Deutschhausstr 10, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. [Soreng, Robert J.; Peterson, Paul M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Sylvester, Mitsy D. P. V.] Univ Nacl San Antonio Abad Cusco, Ave Cultura 733, Cuzco, Peru. RP Sylvester, SP (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Inst Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, Zollikerstr 107, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland.; Sylvester, SP (reprint author), Univ Marburg, Dept Geog, Deutschhausstr 10, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. EM steven_sylvester@hotmail.com OI Sylvester, Steven Paul/0000-0001-5577-8782 FU Leverhulme Trust; SNSF Early Postdoc Mobility Grant [P2ZHP3_161988]; Smithsonian Institution's Restricted Endowment Fund; Scholarly Studies Program, Research Opportunities; Atherton Seidell Foundation; Biodiversity Surveys and Inventories Program; National Geographic Society for Research and Exploration [8848-10, 8087-06] FX This research was funded by a studentship grant from The Leverhulme Trust and an SNSF Early Postdoc Mobility Grant (Grant No. P2ZHP3_161988) to SPS and expedition grants to PMP from the Smithsonian Institution's Restricted Endowment Fund, the Scholarly Studies Program, Research Opportunities, Atherton Seidell Foundation, Biodiversity Surveys and Inventories Program, Small Grants, and the National Geographic Society for Research and Exploration (Grant Nos. 8848-10, 8087-06). Thanks go to Uwe Braun (HAL) for loaning the Poa adusta isotype. We thank Simon Laegaard (AAU), Diego Giraldo-Canas (COL), Asuncion Cano Echevarria (USM), Otakar Sida (PR) for providing information and checking specimens, and Gerrit Davidse (MO) for loans of Poa from Latin America to US. Michael Kessler, ECOAN-Peru and Washington Galiano are thanked for their support, especially with in-country logistics, for SPS, and Asuncion Cano, Maria Isabel La Torre and Nancy Refulio Rodriguez (and others at USM) for same to PMP et al. during fieldwork in Peru. We thank Alice R. Tangerini for providing the Illustrations. Tarciso Filgueiras and an anonymous reviewer are thanked for helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2016 VL 65 BP 57 EP 90 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.65.7024 PG 34 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DQ9TK UT WOS:000379552000006 ER PT J AU Herrick, JR Mastromonaco, G Songsasen, N Comizzoli, P AF Herrick, Jason R. Mastromonaco, Gabriela Songsasen, Nucharin Comizzoli, Pierre TI Biomaterials repositories: the science and business of biobanking Foreword SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Herrick, Jason R.] Colorado Ctr Reprod Med, 10290 RidgeGate Circle, Lone Tree, CO 80124 USA. [Mastromonaco, Gabriela] Toronto Zoo, 361A Old Finch Ave, Toronto, ON M1B 5K7, Canada. [Songsasen, Nucharin] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Comizzoli, Pierre] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, 3001 Connecticut Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20008 USA. RP Herrick, JR (reprint author), Colorado Ctr Reprod Med, 10290 RidgeGate Circle, Lone Tree, CO 80124 USA. EM jherrick@flcolo.com NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 6 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1031-3613 EI 1448-5990 J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev. PY 2016 VL 28 IS 8 BP III EP IV DI 10.1071/RDv28n8_FO PG 2 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA DQ0ZN UT WOS:000378930400001 ER PT J AU Hagedorn, M Carter, VL AF Hagedorn, Mary Carter, Virginia L. TI Cryobiology: principles, species conservation and benefits for coral reefs SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Review DE cryopreservation; spermatozoa; Symbiodinium ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SCLERACTINIAN CORALS; SEASONAL-VARIATION; CYTOTOXIC DIACETYLENES; ACROPORA-DIGITIFERA; MONTIPORA-CAPITATA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; ALGAL SYMBIOSIS; COLD-HARDINESS AB Coral reefs are some of the oldest, most diverse and valuable ecosystems on Earth because they can support one-quarter of all marine life in our oceans. Despite their importance, the world's coral reefs continue to be degraded at unprecedented rates by local and global threats that are warming and creating a more acidic ocean. This paper explores the reproductive challenges of coral for ex situ conservation, using IVF and cryopreservation, and our practical biobanking methods. Coral present challenges for cryopreservation because their reproductive period is often limited to a few nights yearly, they are mostly hermaphrodites with diverse modes of reproduction, including asexual reproduction (i.e. fragmentation and parthenogenesis) and sexual reproduction (i.e. self-and cross-fertilisation) and they express physiological toxins that can inhibit cryopreservation. We have banked spermatozoa from 12 coral species using the same field-hardy methods and have created new coral with thawed spermatozoa. In addition, we describe the cryopreservation of coral symbionts, whose physiology only permits the highest success seasonally. As part of a multidisciplinary conservation strategy, these collections may provide a major hedge against extinction for corals facing the damaging effects of climate change and loss of genetic diversity, and promise to help offset threats to our reefs worldwide. C1 [Hagedorn, Mary; Carter, Virginia L.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Hagedorn, Mary] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA. RP Hagedorn, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM hagedornm@si.edu FU Smithsonian Institution; Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology; Australian Institute of Marine Science; Taronga Conservation Society Australia; Roddenberry Foundation; Matthew Frank Foundation; Anela Kolohe Foundation; Cedarhill Foundation FX The authors' experiments reported herein were supported through funds from the Smithsonian Institution, the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, the Australian Institute of Marine Science, the Taronga Conservation Society Australia, the Roddenberry Foundation, the Matthew Frank Foundation, the Anela Kolohe Foundation and the Cedarhill Foundation. The authors thank Dr Budhan Pukazhenthi for comments on this manuscript and Nik Zuchowicz, Julio F. Camperio Ciani, Alison N. Dygert and Reuben D. Schleiger for technical assistance. This manuscript was approved for publication by the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology as contribution # 1647. NR 105 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 18 U2 20 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1031-3613 EI 1448-5990 J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev. PY 2016 VL 28 IS 8 BP 1049 EP 1060 DI 10.1071/RD16082 PG 12 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA DQ0ZN UT WOS:000378930400002 ER PT J AU Hagedorn, M Carter, VL Lager, C Ciani, JFC Dygert, AN Schleiger, RD Henley, EM AF Hagedorn, Mary Carter, Virginia L. Lager, Claire Ciani, Julio F. Camperio Dygert, Alison N. Schleiger, Reuben D. Henley, E. Michael TI Potential bleaching effects on coral reproduction SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE cryopreservation; Fungia scutaria; Montipora capitata; sperm; Symbiodinium ID MONTIPORA-CAPITATA; ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE; REEF; HAWAIIAN; ZOOXANTHELLAE; SPECIFICITY; SETTLEMENT; DIVERSITY; MORTALITY; RADIATION AB Bleaching profoundly impacts coral reproduction, often for years after an event. However, detailed reproductive characteristics of coral after bleaching have not been broadly described, especially as they relate to cryopreservation. Therefore, in the present study we measured several reproductive characteristics in coral in Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii, for two species, namely Fungia scutaria and Montipora capitata, during the bleaching period of 2014 and 2015. We examined spawning periods, egg morphometry, sperm concentration, fresh and cryopreserved sperm motility exposed to different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide, time of first cleavage, larval survival with fresh and cryopreserved spermatozoa, infection success and settlement success. Many of these reproductive parameters were reduced in 2015, especially sperm motility. Once the reduced-motility spermatozoa from 2015 post-bleach were cryopreserved, there was a steep decline in post-thaw viability and this would prevent any substantive further use of these samples in reproduction for conservation benefit. Worldwide, as bleaching events become more frequent, the ability to bank and conserve coral ex situ may be significantly reduced. Thus, it is imperative that while genetic diversity is still high in these populations, intensive efforts are made to bank coral species during non-bleaching periods. C1 [Hagedorn, Mary; Carter, Virginia L.; Ciani, Julio F. Camperio; Dygert, Alison N.; Schleiger, Reuben D.; Henley, E. Michael] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Dept Reprod Sci, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Hagedorn, Mary; Carter, Virginia L.; Lager, Claire; Ciani, Julio F. Camperio; Dygert, Alison N.; Schleiger, Reuben D.; Henley, E. Michael] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA. RP Hagedorn, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Dept Reprod Sci, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA.; Hagedorn, M (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA. EM hagedornm@si.edu FU Smithsonian Institution; Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology; Roddenberry Foundation; Matthew Frank Foundation; Anela Kolohe Foundation; Cedarhill Foundation FX These experiments were supported through funds from the Smithsonian Institution, the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, the Roddenberry Foundation, the Matthew Frank Foundation, the Anela Kolohe Foundation and the Cedarhill Foundation. The authors thank Dr Budhan Pukazhenthi for comments on the manuscript and Evan Phillipson for his technical assistance. This manuscript was approved for publication by the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology as Contribution # 1642. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 13 U2 16 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1031-3613 EI 1448-5990 J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev. PY 2016 VL 28 IS 8 BP 1061 EP 1071 DI 10.1071/RD15526 PG 11 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA DQ0ZN UT WOS:000378930400003 ER PT J AU Pukazhenthi, BS AF Pukazhenthi, Budhan S. TI Saving wild ungulate diversity through enhanced management and sperm cryopreservation SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Review DE assisted reproduction; biobanking; conservation; Persian onager; semen collection ID EQUUS-FERUS-PRZEWALSKII; DRIED MOUSE SPERMATOZOA; ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES; CERATOTHERIUM-SIMUM-COTTONI; VITRO FERTILIZATION SYSTEM; ULTRASOUND-GUIDED MASSAGE; GENETIC RESOURCE BANKS; LIQUID-NITROGEN VAPOR; ACCESSORY SEX GLANDS; CERVUS-ELDI THAMIN AB Wild ungulates throughout the world face the impending risk of extinction. Small founding population size, lack of interest in exhibiting wild ungulates and declining space in zoos are not sustaining ex situ populations. Animals managed in ex situ collections continue to experience >20% neonate loss globally. To ensure population sustainability there is a critical need to: (1) manage ungulates in large herds, increasing mate choice and reproductive efficiency; (2) improve husbandry and genetic management; and (3) develop consistent assisted reproductive technologies, including sperm cryopreservation and AI. Recently, new models in the management of ungulates have begun to emerge. Animal managers and researchers are also beginning to exploit advances in genomics to improve genetic management of their collections. Furthermore, the past decade has witnessed significant advances particularly in semen collection and cryopreservation in numerous species. Advances in gonadal tissue cryopreservation now offer additional opportunities to preserve male genomes. The new knowledge generated is enabling the creation of genetic (sperm) banks to rescue and enhance reproductive management of wild ungulates. The present paper reviews the threats to ungulate populations, the status and relevance of animal management and biomaterial banking efforts to ensure long-term survival of these charismatic species. C1 [Pukazhenthi, Budhan S.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. RP Pukazhenthi, BS (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM pukazhenthib@si.edu NR 126 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 6 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1031-3613 EI 1448-5990 J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev. PY 2016 VL 28 IS 8 BP 1133 EP 1144 DI 10.1071/RD15412 PG 12 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA DQ0ZN UT WOS:000378930400011 ER PT J AU Comizzoli, P Holt, WV AF Comizzoli, Pierre Holt, William V. TI Implications of the Nagoya Protocol for genome resource banks composed of biomaterials from rare and endangered species SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Review DE breeding; conservation biology; genetic materials; museum collections; population management; zoological parks ID ARTIFICIAL-INSEMINATION; STORAGE AB The Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilisation is a multilateral legal instrument within the Convention on Biodiversity. It has now come into force, having been signed by 92 countries, 68 of which have ratified it, but notably these do not yet include the US, China, Canada and Russia. The overarching objective of the Nagoya Protocol is to prevent the unfair commercial exploitation of a country's biodiversity and it also protects traditional knowledge. Although the intentions seem reasonable and equitable, the provisions of the Nagoya Protocol will have major effects on the ability of researchers in both the commercial and non-commercial sectors to access genetic materials (which are widely defined and include almost every conceivable animal product, as well as whole animals) from around the world. It also places a heavy bureaucratic burden on researchers and their institutions, which must comply with an international standard and obtain an International Certificate of Compliance proving that all samples will be collected according to the terms of the Protocol. Herein we review of the unforeseen implications of the Nagoya Protocol in relation to biobanking and animal conservation. C1 [Comizzoli, Pierre] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, 3001 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Holt, William V.] Univ Sheffield, Acad Unit Reprod & Dev Med, Jessop Wing, Sheffield S10 2SF, S Yorkshire, England. RP Comizzoli, P (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, 3001 Connecticut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM comizzolip@si.edu NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 6 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1031-3613 EI 1448-5990 J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev. PY 2016 VL 28 IS 8 BP 1145 EP 1151 DI 10.1071/RD15429 PG 7 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA DQ0ZN UT WOS:000378930400012 ER PT J AU Pineda, S Medina, M Figueroa, JI Henry, TJ Mena, LV Chavarrieta, JM Gomez, B Valdez, JM Lobit, P Martinez, AM AF Pineda, Samuel Medina, Manuel Figueroa, Jose I. Henry, Thomas J. Mena, Laura V. Chavarrieta, Juan M. Gomez, Benjamin Valdez, Jorge M. Lobit, Philipphe Martinez, Ana M. TI Life history, diagnosis, and biological aspects of Engytatus varians (Hemiptera: Miridae), a predator of Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Engytatus varians; biological parameters; predation; Bactericera cockerelli ID WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS; HETEROPTERA MIRIDAE; DICYPHUS TAMANINII; HOMOPTERA; CUCUMBER; INSECTS; TOMATO; MEXICO; POTATO; CROPS AB The life cycle and several life parameters of the zoophytophagous predator Engytatus varians (Distant) (Heteroptera: Miridae), including nymphal growth according to Dyar's rule, were examined in the laboratory. The egg, nymph (five instars), and adult stages were 9.20, 17.36, and 19.02 d in length, respectively. The growth ratio for nymphs was consistent with Dyar's rule based on the lengths of the femora of the forelegs, the tibiae and femora of the middle legs, and the antennae. Some biological characteristics of E. varians were also evaluated when the mirid was fed three different diets (B. cockerelli third instars, Sitotroga cerealella Olivier [ Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae] eggs, and a mixture of both instars and eggs). The length of the nymphal stage was three days longer on a diet of only S. cerealella eggs than when the mirids were fed the third instars of B. cockerelli only or a mixture of both. The sex ratio was not affected by the type of diet. Nymphs of E. varians consumed B. cockerelli nymphs (80-85) when fed third instars only and third instars + S. cerealella eggs, respectively. The potential use of this predator as a biological control agent of B. cockerelli is discussed. C1 [Pineda, Samuel; Medina, Manuel; Figueroa, Jose I.; Mena, Laura V.; Chavarrieta, Juan M.; Lobit, Philipphe; Martinez, Ana M.] Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Agr & Forestales, Km 9-5 Carr, Tarimbaro 58880, Michoacan, Mexico. [Henry, Thomas J.] Smithsonian Inst, ARS, USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab,Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Gomez, Benjamin] Univ Michoacana, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Tarimbaro 58880, Michoacan, Mexico. [Valdez, Jorge M.] Colegio Postgrad, Programa Entomol & Acarol, Montecillo, Mexico. RP Martinez, AM (reprint author), Univ Michoacana, Inst Invest Agr & Forestales, Km 9-5 Carr, Tarimbaro 58880, Michoacan, Mexico. EM amabel_66@hotmail.com FU Coordinacion de la Investigacion Cientifica de la Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo; Consejo Estatal de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion de Michoacan [03-2014/2015] FX This work was financially supported by the Coordinacion de la Investigacion Cientifica de la Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolas de Hidalgo and by Consejo Estatal de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion de Michoacan [Project 03-2014/2015]. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2016 VL 26 IS 8 BP 1073 EP 1086 DI 10.1080/09583157.2016.1185088 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA DP7PW UT WOS:000378692300005 ER PT J AU Cabi, E Soreng, RJ AF Cabi, Evren Soreng, Robert J. TI Two new records and one confirmation of the genus Poa L. (Poaceae) for the Flora of Turkey SO TURKISH JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Poa; Poaceae; new records; confirmation; revision; Turkey AB The ongoing revision of the genus Poa in Turkey has resulted in two new Poa records for the Flora of Turkey as Poa pratensis subsp. irrigata (Lindm.) H. Lindb. and Poa eigii Feinbrun. In addition, the presence of Poa palustris L. is confirmed. A brief discussion and an illustration for each taxon are provided. C1 [Cabi, Evren] Namik Kemal Univ, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Biol, Tekirdag, Turkey. [Soreng, Robert J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Cabi, E (reprint author), Namik Kemal Univ, Fac Arts & Sci, Dept Biol, Tekirdag, Turkey. EM ecabi@nku.edu.tr FU TUBITAK [212T113]; TUBITAK-BIDEB FX Our gratitude is extended to Lynn Gillespie for joint fieldwork in Turkey in 2011; to Tugrul Koruklu, Ayse Mine Gencler Ozkan, Osman Tugay, Neriman Ozhatay, and Emine Akalin for access to the ANK, AEF, KNYA, and ISTE herbaria in 2014; to TUBITAK, for grant no. 212T113; and to TUBITAK-BIDEB for the support that allowed R.J. Soreng's visit to Namik Kemal University possible. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TUBITAK SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY PI ANKARA PA ATATURK BULVARI NO 221, KAVAKLIDERE, ANKARA, 00000, TURKEY SN 1300-008X EI 1303-6106 J9 TURK J BOT JI Turk. J. Bot. PY 2016 VL 40 IS 4 BP 439 EP 445 DI 10.3906/bot-1509-27 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DP7OY UT WOS:000378689900011 ER PT J AU Hershler, R Liu, HP Babbitt, C Kellogg, MG Howard, JK AF Hershler, Robert Liu, Hsiu-Ping Babbitt, Caitlin Kellogg, Michael G. Howard, Jeanette K. TI Three new species of western California springsnails previously confused with Pyrgulopsis stearnsiana (Caenogastropoda, Hydrobiidae) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Gastropoda; United States; freshwater; taxonomy; conservation ID AMERICAN NYMPHOPHILINE GASTROPODS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA SEQUENCES; GENUS PYRGULOPSIS; SYSTEMATICS; RISSOOIDEA; SNAILS; BASIN AB We describe three new, allopatric species of springsnails (genus Pyrgulopsis) from western California (P. lindae, P. ojaiensis, P. torrida) that were previously identified as P. stearnsiana. The new species are differentiated from P. stearnsiana and each other both by mtCOI sequences (3.9-9.9%) and details of penial morphology. We also provide a phylogeny with increased sampling which confirms a previous finding that P. stearnsiana sensu stricto is paraphyletic relative to two other California species (P. diablensis, P. giulianii). Our molecular and morphological evidence suggests that P. stearnsiana paraphyly is an artifact of conservative taxonomy, however additional studies utilizing rapidly evolving genetic markers will be needed to confidently tease apart the cryptic diversity in this widely ranging springsnail. The new species described herein are narrowly distributed and vulnerable to anthropogenic stressors. The single known population of P. torrida may have become extirpated between 2000 and 2015. C1 [Hershler, Robert] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Liu, Hsiu-Ping; Babbitt, Caitlin] Metropolitan State Univ Denver, Dept Biol, Denver, CO 80217 USA. [Kellogg, Michael G.] San Francisco Publ Util Commiss, 525 Golden Gate Ave, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA. [Howard, Jeanette K.] Nature Conservancy, 201 Mission St, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. RP Hershler, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM hershlerr@si.edu FU San Francisco Public Utilities Commission [CS-108]; Nature Conservancy [06132013-1651] FX Linda Lee Crisostomo, Pat Jones, David Lindberg, Thomas Melia and Tim Sullivan assisted with fieldwork. Jim Avant, Rick Duffy and Don Lampe kindly identified springs and facilitated access to San Francisco Public Utilities Commission watershed lands. Jeremy Lukins (SFPUC) shared pertinent GIS shapefiles, and Maggie Ditmore and Chris Higgins obtained useful information on the Salvada Gulch locality. Yolanda Villacampa prepared the scanning electron micrographs, Karolyn Darrow photographed the lectotype of P. stearnsiana, and Freya Goetz prepared the anatomical drawings and figures. This project was supported, in part, by awards (to RH) from the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission (Contract CS-108), and The Nature Conservancy (Contract 06132013-1651). We thank reviewers Art Bogan, Gonzalo Collado, and Alejandro Varela-Romero for their helpful comments on the submitted manuscript. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 601 BP 1 EP 19 DI 10.3897/zookeys.601.9040 PG 19 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DQ1AW UT WOS:000378934100001 PM 27551184 ER PT B AU Schwartz, P Heinzel, P Jejcic, S Rybak, J Kotrc, P Farnik, F Kupryakov, YA Deluca, EE Golub, L Jibben, PR Anzer, U Tlatov, AG Guseva, SA AF Schwartz, P. Heinzel, P. Jejcic, S. Rybak, J. Kotrc, P. Farnik, F. Kupryakov, Yu. A. Deluca, E. E. Golub, L. Jibben, P. R. Anzer, U. Tlatov, A. G. Guseva, S. A. BE Dorotovic, I Fischer, CE Temmer, M TI Is it Possible to Use the Green Coronal Line Instead of X rays to Cancel an Effect of the Coronal Emissivity Deficit in Estimation of the Prominence Total Mass from Decrease of the EUV-corona Intensities? SO GROUND-BASED SOLAR OBSERVATIONS IN THE SPACE INSTRUMENTATION ERA SE Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Coimbra Solar Physics Meeting on Ground-based Solar Observations in the Space Instrumentation Era CY OCT 05-09, 2015 CL Univ Coimbra, Coimbra, PORTUGAL SP SCOSTEP, Variabil Sun & Its Terrestrial Impact, European Space Agcy, Fundacio Ciencia & Tecnologia, Univ Coimbra Reitoria, Univ Coimbra, Dept Matemat, Observat Paris HO Univ Coimbra ID ABSORPTION FEATURES; QUIESCENT PROMINENCE; MISSION; HINODE; SOLAR; TRACE; SOHO; TELESCOPE; IMAGES AB Total masses of six quiescent prominences observed from April through June 2011 were estimated using multi-spectral observations (in EUV, X-rays, Ha, and Can H). The method for the total mass estimation is based on the fact that the intensity of the EUV solar corona at wavelengths below 912 angstrom is reduced at a prominence by the absorption in resonance continua (photoionisation) of hydrogen and possibly by helium and subsequently an amount of absorbed radiation is proportional to the column density of hydrogen and helium plasma. Moreover, the deficit of the coronal emissivity in volume occupied by the cool prominence plasma also contributes to the intensity decrease. The observations in X-rays which are not absorbed by the prominence plasma, allow us to separate these two mechanisms from each other. The X-ray observations of XRT onboard the Hinode satellite made with the Al-mesh focal filter were used because the X-ray coronal radiation formed in plasma of temperatures of the order of 10(6) K was registered and EUV spectral lines occurring in the 193, 211 and 335 angstrom channels of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly of the Solar Dynamics Observatory satellite are also formed at such temperatures. Unfortunately, the Al-mesh filter has a secondary peak of the transmittance at around 171 angstrom which causes a contribution from the EUV corona to the measured data of up to 11 % in the quiet corona. Thus, absorption in prominence plasma influences XRT X-ray data when using the Al-mesh filter. On the other hand, other X-ray XRT filters are more sensitive to plasma of much higher temperatures (log T of the order of 7), thus observations using these filters cannot be used together with the AIA observations in the method for mass estimations. This problem could be solved using observations in the green coronal line instead of X-rays. Absorption of the green coronal line by a prominence plasma is negligible and this line is formed at temperatures of the order of 106 K. We compare values of the total mass of the prominence observed on. 20 October 2012 on the SE limb estimated when using XRT X-ray observations and observations in the green coronal line obtained at Kislovodsk Mountain Astronomical Station of the Pulkovo observatory (Russia). C1 [Schwartz, P.; Rybak, J.] Slovak Acad Sci, Astron Inst, Tatranska Lomnica 05960, Slovakia. [Heinzel, P.; Kotrc, P.; Farnik, F.; Kupryakov, Yu. A.] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Astron Inst, Ondrejov 25165, Czech Republic. [Jejcic, S.] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Math & Phys, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Kupryakov, Yu. A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, Moscow 119899, Russia. [Deluca, E. E.; Golub, L.; Jibben, P. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Anzer, U.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85740 Garching, Germany. [Tlatov, A. G.; Guseva, S. A.] Pulkovo Observ, Kislovodsk Mt Astron Stn, Gagarina 100, Kislovodsk 357700, Russia. RP Schwartz, P (reprint author), Slovak Acad Sci, Astron Inst, Tatranska Lomnica 05960, Slovakia. EM pschwartz@astro.sk RI Farnik, Frantisek/G-9010-2014; Kotrc, Pavel/G-9030-2014; Heinzel, Petr/G-9014-2014 NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASTRONOMICAL SOC PACIFIC PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 390 ASHTON AVE, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94112 USA BN 978-1-58381-892-3 J9 ASTR SOC P PY 2016 VL 504 BP 89 EP 96 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BE9RQ UT WOS:000378098700014 ER PT J AU Talamas, EJ Miko, I Copeland, RS AF Talamas, Elijah J. Miko, Istvan Copeland, Robert S. TI Revision of Dvivarnus (Scelionidae, Teleasinae) SO JOURNAL OF HYMENOPTERA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Teleasinae; Dvivarnus; Trimorus; Gryonoides; mesoscutellum AB Two new species, Dvivarnus elektrolythron Talamas & Miko, sp. n. and D. mikuki Talamas & Miko, sp. n. are described. The genus is redescribed and a key is provided to separate Dvivarnus from other groups in Teleasinae with mesoscutellar spines. C1 [Talamas, Elijah J.] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Miko, Istvan] Penn State Univ, Frost Entomol Museum, State Coll, PA USA. [Copeland, Robert S.] Int Ctr Insect Physiol & Ecol, POB 30772, Nairobi, Kenya. [Copeland, Robert S.] Natl Museums Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Talamas, EJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM elijah.talamas@ars.usda.gov FU Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA-ARS; U.S. National Science Foundation [DBI-1356381] FX We thank Lubomir Masner, Andy Bennet (CNCI), and Luciana Musetti (OSUC) for the loans of material that made this revision possible. We thank Norman Johnson (OSUC) for developing and maintaining the Hymenoptera Online Database, Specimage, and vSysLab, which underlie the cybertaxonomy conducted here and Joe Cora (OSUC) for providing invaluable database support. Ashton Smith, Trenton Jung, and Pei Luo (USNM) contributed many of the photographs used to illustrate these species. Luke Kresslein (USNM) contributed scanning electron micrographs. We thank Juliet Muriuki, Mzee Hamisi Muhamed Shee, Kazungu Katana, Beatrice Elesani and Mathias Ngonyo for excellent field work. Dr. Miguel Alonso-Zarazaga (MNCN) provided valuable input on etymology. This work was made possible by funding from the Systematic Entomology Lab, USDA-ARS. The USDA does not endorse any commercial product mentioned in this research. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Istvan Miko was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (grant DBI-1356381). NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1070-9428 EI 1314-2607 J9 J HYMENOPT RES JI J. Hymenopt. Res. PY 2016 VL 49 BP 1 EP 23 DI 10.3897/JHR.49.7714 PG 23 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DO9XY UT WOS:000378142500001 ER PT S AU Longmore, S Barnes, A Battersby, C Bally, J Kruijssen, JMD Dale, J Henshaw, J Walker, D Rathborne, J Testi, L Ott, J Ginsburg, A AF Longmore, S. Barnes, A. Battersby, C. Bally, J. Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik Dale, J. Henshaw, J. Walker, D. Rathborne, J. Testi, L. Ott, J. Ginsburg, A. BE Simon, R Schaaf, R Stutzki, J TI USING YOUNG MASSIVE STAR CLUSTERS TO UNDERSTAND STAR FORMATION AND FEEDBACK IN HIGH-REDSHIFT-LIKE ENVIRONMENTS SO 6TH ZERMATT ISM-SYMPOSIUM: CONDITIONS AND IMPACT OF STAR FORMATION: FROM LAB TO SPACE: IN MEMORY OF CHARLES H. TOWNES SE EAS Publications Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Zermatt ISM Symposium on Conditions and Impact of Star Formation: From Lab to Space CY SEP 07-11, 2015 CL Zermatt, SWITZERLAND SP Deutsch Forschungsgemeinschaft, Int Stifung Hochalpine Forschungstationen Jungfraujoch & Gornergrat, Burgergemeinde Zermatt, Gornegrat Monte Rosa Bahn ID MOLECULAR GAS; GALAXY; G0.253+0.016; PROGENITOR; REVEALS AB The formation environment of stars in massive stellar clusters is similar to the environment of stars forming in galaxies at a red shift of 1 3, at the peak star formation rate density of the Universe. As massive clusters are still forming at the present day at a fraction of the distance to high-redshift galaxies they offer an opportunity to understand the processes controlling star formation and feedback in conditions similar to those in which most stars in the Universe formed. Here we describe a system of massive clusters and their progenitor gas clouds in the centre of the Milky Way, and outline how detailed observations of this system may be able to: (i) help answer some of the fundamental open questions in star formation and (ii) quantify how stellar feedback couples to the surrounding interstellar medium in this high-pressure, high-redshift analogue environment. C1 [Longmore, S.; Barnes, A.; Walker, D.; Rathborne, J.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5UX, Merseyside, England. [Battersby, C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA USA. [Bally, J.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik] Heidelberg Univ, Astron Rech Inst, Bergheimer Str 58, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany. [Dale, J.] Excellence Cluster Univ, Munich, Germany. [Rathborne, J.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Narrabri, NSW, Australia. [Testi, L.; Ginsburg, A.] European So Observ, Garching, Germany. [Ott, J.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Longmore, S (reprint author), Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5UX, Merseyside, England. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1633-4760 BN 978-2-7598-2022-1 J9 EAS PUBLICATIONS PY 2016 VL 75-76 BP 43 EP 48 DI 10.1051/eas/1575006 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BE9MS UT WOS:000377836300005 ER PT S AU Koch, PM Tang, YW Ho, PTP Zhang, Q Girart, JM Chen, HRV Lai, SP Li, HB Li, ZY Liu, HB Padovani, M Qiu, K Rao, R Yen, HW Frau, P Chen, HH Ching, TC AF Koch, P. M. Tang, Y. W. Ho, P. T. P. Zhang, Q. Girart, J. M. Chen, H. R. V. Lai, S. P. Li, H. B. Li, Z. Y. Liu, H. B. Padovani, M. Qiu, K. Rao, R. Yen, H. W. Frau, P. Chen, H. H. Ching, T. C. BE Simon, R Schaaf, R Stutzki, J TI LOCAL MAGNETIC FIELD ROLE IN STAR FORMATION SO 6TH ZERMATT ISM-SYMPOSIUM: CONDITIONS AND IMPACT OF STAR FORMATION: FROM LAB TO SPACE: IN MEMORY OF CHARLES H. TOWNES SE EAS Publications Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Zermatt ISM Symposium on Conditions and Impact of Star Formation: From Lab to Space CY SEP 07-11, 2015 CL Zermatt, SWITZERLAND SP Deutsch Forschungsgemeinschaft, Int Stifung Hochalpine Forschungstationen Jungfraujoch & Gornergrat, Burgergemeinde Zermatt, Gornegrat Monte Rosa Bahn ID SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY OBSERVATIONS; DUST POLARIZATION; G240.31+0.07; REGIONS; CORE AB We highlight distinct and systematic observational features of magnetic field morphologies in polarized submm dust continuum. We illustrate this with specific examples and show statistical trends from a sample of 50 star-forming regions. C1 [Koch, P. M.; Tang, Y. W.; Ho, P. T. P.; Chen, H. R. V.; Lai, S. P.; Liu, H. B.; Yen, H. W.] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan. [Ho, P. T. P.] East Asian Observ, 660 N Aohoku Pl,Univ Pk, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Zhang, Q.; Chen, H. H.; Ching, T. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Girart, J. M.] Inst Ciencies Espai, Fac Ciencies, C5p 2, Bellaterra 08193, Catalonia, Spain. [Chen, H. R. V.; Lai, S. P.; Ching, T. C.] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Inst Astron, Hsinchu, Taiwan. [Chen, H. R. V.; Lai, S. P.; Ching, T. C.] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu, Taiwan. [Li, H. B.] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Li, Z. Y.] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Padovani, M.] Univ Montpellier, Lab Univers & Particules Montpellier, Montpellier, France. [Padovani, M.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, Florence, Italy. [Qiu, K.] Nanjing Univ, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Nanjiing 210093, Peoples R China. [Rao, R.] Inst Astron & Astrophys, Acad Sinica, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Frau, P.] Observ Astron Nacl, Madrid 28014, Spain. RP Koch, PM (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 115, Taiwan. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1633-4760 BN 978-2-7598-2022-1 J9 EAS PUBLICATIONS PY 2016 VL 75-76 BP 159 EP 162 DI 10.1051/eas/1575027 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BE9MS UT WOS:000377836300026 ER PT S AU Mottram, JC van Dishoeck, EF Kristensen, LE Jose-Garcia, IS AF Mottram, J. C. van Dishoeck, E. F. Kristensen, L. E. Jose-Garcia, I. San CA WISH WILL & Cygnus-X Teams BE Simon, R Schaaf, R Stutzki, J TI LIFE IN THE FAST LANE: H2O REVEALS THE UNIVERSAL NATURE OF SHOCKS IN OUTFLOWS SO 6TH ZERMATT ISM-SYMPOSIUM: CONDITIONS AND IMPACT OF STAR FORMATION: FROM LAB TO SPACE: IN MEMORY OF CHARLES H. TOWNES SE EAS Publications Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Zermatt ISM Symposium on Conditions and Impact of Star Formation: From Lab to Space CY SEP 07-11, 2015 CL Zermatt, SWITZERLAND SP Deutsch Forschungsgemeinschaft, Int Stifung Hochalpine Forschungstationen Jungfraujoch & Gornergrat, Burgergemeinde Zermatt, Gornegrat Monte Rosa Bahn ID WATER AB Water is an unique tracer of motion in protostars. It has broad and complex line profiles, dominated by the jet/outflow system. We summarise the results of spectrally resolved H2O line profiles observed with Herschel HIFI from the "Water in star-forming regions with Herschel" (WISH, van Dishoeck et al. 2011), "William Herschel Line Legacy" (WILL, Mottram et al. in prep.) and Cygnus-X surveys. In total, more than 100 low-, intermediate and high-mass (LM, IM HM) protostars have been observed with Lbol from 0.1 to 10(5) L-circle dot. On Galactic scales, water traces star formation. C1 [Mottram, J. C.; van Dishoeck, E. F.; Jose-Garcia, I. San] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Mottram, J. C.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [van Dishoeck, E. F.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 2, D-85478 Garching, Germany. [Kristensen, L. E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Mottram, JC (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands.; Mottram, JC (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. EM mottram@mpia.de NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1633-4760 BN 978-2-7598-2022-1 J9 EAS PUBLICATIONS PY 2016 VL 75-76 BP 195 EP 197 DI 10.1051/eas/1575037 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BE9MS UT WOS:000377836300036 ER PT S AU Rodon, JA Beuther, H Zhang, Q AF Rodon, J. A. Beuther, H. Zhang, Q. BE Simon, R Schaaf, R Stutzki, J TI THE GENTLE CMF OF HIGH-MASS STAR-FORMING REGIONS SO 6TH ZERMATT ISM-SYMPOSIUM: CONDITIONS AND IMPACT OF STAR FORMATION: FROM LAB TO SPACE: IN MEMORY OF CHARLES H. TOWNES SE EAS Publications Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Zermatt ISM Symposium on Conditions and Impact of Star Formation: From Lab to Space CY SEP 07-11, 2015 CL Zermatt, SWITZERLAND SP Deutsch Forschungsgemeinschaft, Int Stifung Hochalpine Forschungstationen Jungfraujoch & Gornergrat, Burgergemeinde Zermatt, Gornegrat Monte Rosa Bahn AB We derive the core mass functions (CMFs) of three high mass star forming regions from interferometric mm observations of their dust emission, obtaining power-law slopes beta similar to -2.2 (similar to the Salpeter IMF), beta similar to -1.6, and beta similar to -1.7. The CMF were obtained with the same procedure and the regions are similar in mass and luminosity. The cause for the difference in slopes is uncertain, but our results suggest that the shape of the CMF is not the only constraint for the shape of the IMF. C1 [Rodon, J. A.] European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Beuther, H.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Zhang, Q.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Rodon, JA (reprint author), European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1633-4760 BN 978-2-7598-2022-1 J9 EAS PUBLICATIONS PY 2016 VL 75-76 BP 209 EP 210 DI 10.1051/eas/1575042 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BE9MS UT WOS:000377836300041 ER PT S AU Tobin, JJ Looney, LW Li, ZY Chandler, CJ Dunham, MM Segura-Cox, D Cox, EG Harris, RJ Melis, C Sadavoy, SI Perez, L Kratter, K AF Tobin, J. J. Looney, L. W. Li, Z. -Y. Chandler, C. J. Dunham, M. M. Segura-Cox, D. Cox, E. G. Harris, R. J. Melis, C. Sadavoy, S. I. Perez, L. Kratter, K. BE Simon, R Schaaf, R Stutzki, J TI REVOLUTIONIZING OUR VIEW OF PROTOSTELLAR MULTIPLICITY AND DISKS: THE VLA NASCENT DISK AND MULTIPLICITY (VANDAM) SURVEY OF THE PERSEUS MOLECULAR CLOUD SO 6TH ZERMATT ISM-SYMPOSIUM: CONDITIONS AND IMPACT OF STAR FORMATION: FROM LAB TO SPACE: IN MEMORY OF CHARLES H. TOWNES SE EAS Publications Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th Zermatt ISM Symposium on Conditions and Impact of Star Formation: From Lab to Space CY SEP 07-11, 2015 CL Zermatt, SWITZERLAND SP Deutsch Forschungsgemeinschaft, Int Stifung Hochalpine Forschungstationen Jungfraujoch & Gornergrat, Burgergemeinde Zermatt, Gornegrat Monte Rosa Bahn ID TURBULENT FRAGMENTATION; PROTOSTARS; STAR; SYSTEMS AB There is substantial evidence for disk formation taking place during the early stages of star formation and for most stars being born in multiple systems; however, protostellar multiplicity and disk searches have been hampered by low resolution, sample bias, and variable sensitivity. We have conducted an unbiased, high-sensitivity Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) survey toward all known protostars (n = 94) in the Perseus molecular cloud (d similar to 230 pc), with a resolution of similar to 15 AU (0.06") at A = 8 mm. We have detected candidate protostellar disks toward 17 sources (with 12 of those in the Class 0 stage) and we have found substructure on <50 AU scales for three Class 0 disk candidates, possibly evidence for disk fragmentation. We have discovered 16 new multiple systems (or new components) in this survey; the new systems have separations <500 AU and 3 by <30 AU. We also found a bi-modal distribution of separations, with peaks at, similar to 75 AU and, similar to 3000 AU, suggestive of formation through two distinct mechanisms: disk and turbulent fragmentation. The results from this survey demonstrate the necessity and utility of uniform, unbiased surveys of protostellar systems at millimeter and centimeter wavelengths. C1 [Tobin, J. J.] Leiden Observ, Leiden, Netherlands. [Looney, L. W.; Segura-Cox, D.; Cox, E. G.; Harris, R. J.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Li, Z. -Y.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Chandler, C. J.; Perez, L.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, New York, NY USA. [Dunham, M. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, New York, NY USA. [Melis, C.] Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Sadavoy, S. I.] Max Planck Inst Astron, Konigstuhl 17, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Kratter, K.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Tobin, JJ (reprint author), Leiden Observ, Leiden, Netherlands. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU E D P SCIENCES PI CEDEX A PA 17 AVE DU HOGGAR PARC D ACTIVITES COUTABOEUF BP 112, F-91944 CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1633-4760 BN 978-2-7598-2022-1 J9 EAS PUBLICATIONS PY 2016 VL 75-76 BP 273 EP 276 DI 10.1051/eas/1575054 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA BE9MS UT WOS:000377836300053 ER PT J AU Lopez, K Angeli, C Aguilar, C Loaiza, JR De Leon, LF McMillan, WO Miller, MJ AF Lopez, Krisangel Angeli, Cody Aguilar, Celestino Loaiza, Jose R. Fernando De Leon, Luis Owen McMillan, W. Miller, Matthew J. TI Extreme mitogenomic divergence between two syntopic specimens of Arremon aurantiirostris (Aves: Emberizidae) in central Panama suggests possible cryptic species SO MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART A LA English DT Article DE Mitogenome; neotropical bird; secondary contact ID BIRDS AB We report the complete mitochondrial genome of two specimens of Orange-billed Sparrow Arremon aurantiirostris from Colon Province, in central Panama. The two specimens were collected on the same day, and at the same locality; however, they showed substantial divergence (6.3% average pairwise divergence among coding genes). A survey of ND2 sequence variation across Panama suggests that this divergence is the result of geographic differentiation and secondary contact. This high level of mitochondrial divergence among co-occurring individuals raises the possibility of multiple biological species in Orange-billed Sparrows. Our results are yet another demonstration that much remains to be discovered regarding avian biodiversity in Panama and throughout the Neotropics. C1 [Lopez, Krisangel; Angeli, Cody; Miller, Matthew J.] Villanova Univ, Dept Biol, 800 E Lancaster Ave, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. [Aguilar, Celestino; Loaiza, Jose R.; Fernando De Leon, Luis; Miller, Matthew J.] Inst Invest Cient & Serv Alta Tecnol INDICASAT AI, Panama City, Panama. [Aguilar, Celestino; Owen McMillan, W.; Miller, Matthew J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Lopez, K (reprint author), Villanova Univ, Dept Biol, 800 E Lancaster Ave, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. EM krisangel.lopez@gmail.com OI Miller, Matthew/0000-0002-2939-0239 FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Office of Academic Programs; Villanova University Biology Department FX The authors report no conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the article. This work was funded by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Office of Academic Programs and the Villanova University Biology Department. We thank Panama's Environmental Ministry (MiAmbiente, formerly ANAM) for continued support of scientific collecting, without which, this study would not have been possible. We thank J. Klicka, G. Spellman, J. DeCosta, P. Guitton for collaboration in the field that was responsible for collecting the specimens used in this study. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2470-1394 EI 2470-1408 J9 MITOCHONDRIAL DNA A JI Mitochondrial DNA Part A PY 2016 VL 27 IS 5 BP 3451 EP 3453 DI 10.3109/19401736.2015.1066344 PG 3 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA DO7IU UT WOS:000377956700151 PM 26367084 ER PT J AU Ho, S Schachat, SR Piel, WH Monteiro, A AF Ho, Sebastian Schachat, Sandra R. Piel, William H. Monteiro, Antonia TI Attack risk for butterflies changes with eyespot number and size SO ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE paper models; predation; nymphalid; Mycalesis; intimidation ID BICYCLUS-ANYNANA; EVOLUTION; DETECTABILITY; INTIMIDATION; PREDATION; SELECTION; DEFENSE; WINGS; EYE AB Butterfly eyespots are known to function in predator deflection and predator intimidation, but it is still unclear what factors cause eyespots to serve one function over the other. Both functions have been demonstrated in different species that varied in eyespot size, eyespot number and wing size, leaving the contribution of each of these factors to butterfly survival unclear. Here, we study how each of these factors contributes to eyespot function by using paper butterfly models, where each factor is varied in turn, and exposing these models to predation in the field. We find that the presence of multiple, small eyespots results in high predation, whereas single large eyespots (larger than 6mm in diameter) results in low predation. These data indicate that single large eyespots intimidate predators, whereas multiple small eyespots produce a conspicuous, but non-intimidating signal to predators. We propose that eyespots may gain an intimidation function by increasing in size. Our measurements of eyespot size in 255 nymphalid butterfly species show that large eyespots are relatively rare and occur predominantly on ventral wing surfaces. By mapping eyespot size on the phylogeny of the family Nymphalidae, we show that these large eyespots, with a potential intimidation function, are dispersed throughout multiple nymphalid lineages, indicating that phylogeny is not a strong predictor of eyespot size. C1 [Ho, Sebastian; Piel, William H.; Monteiro, Antonia] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Schachat, Sandra R.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Schachat, Sandra R.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, POB 37012,MRC 121, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Piel, William H.; Monteiro, Antonia] Yale NUS Coll, Singapore, Singapore. RP Monteiro, A (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore 117548, Singapore.; Monteiro, A (reprint author), Yale NUS Coll, Singapore, Singapore. EM antonia.monteiro@nus.edu.sg OI Schachat, Sandra/0000-0003-3237-5619 FU Department of Biological Sciences; Singapore Ministry of Education [MOE2014-T2-1-146]; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program [DGE-1125191] FX We thank the Department of Biological Sciences and the Singapore Ministry of Education grant no. MOE2014-T2-1-146 for support. S.R.S. is supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under grant no. DGE-1125191. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 10 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 2054-5703 J9 ROY SOC OPEN SCI JI R. Soc. Open Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 3 IS 1 AR 150614 DI 10.1098/rsos.150614 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO7NF UT WOS:000377968600031 PM 26909190 ER PT J AU Tornabene, L Robertson, DR Baldwin, CC AF Tornabene, Luke Robertson, D. Ross Baldwin, Carole C. TI Varicus lacerta, a new species of goby (Teleostei, Gobiidae, Gobiosomatini, Nes subgroup) from a mesophotic reef in the southern Caribbean SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Systematics; molecular phylogeny; deep reefs; submersible; Curacao; Psilotris ID WESTERN ATLANTIC; 7-SPINED GOBIES; GENUS; SPECIATION; PSILOTRIS; PISCES AB We describe a new species of goby, Varicus lacerta sp. n., which was collected from a mesophotic reef at Curacao, southern Caribbean. The new species is the tenth species of Varicus, all of which occur below traditional SCUBA depths in the wider Caribbean area. Its placement in the genus Varicus is supported by a molecular phylogenetic analysis of three nuclear genes and the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b. In addition, the new species has one anal-fin pterygiophore inserted anterior to the first haemal spine, which distinguishes Varicus species from most species in the closely related and morphologically similar genus Psilotris. Varicus lacerta sp. n. is distinguished from all other named species of Varicus by the absence of scales, having highly branched, feather-like pelvic-fin rays, and in its live coloration. We provide the cytochrome c oxidase I DNA barcode of the holotype and compare color patterns of all species of Varicus and Psilotris for which color photographs or illustrations are available. This study is one of several recent studies demonstrating the utility of manned submersibles in exploring the diversity of poorly studied but species-rich deep-reef habitats. C1 [Tornabene, Luke; Baldwin, Carole C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Div Fishes, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Robertson, D. Ross] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Tornabene, L (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Div Fishes, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM Luke.Tornabene@gmail.com FU Smithsonian Peter Buck Fellowship; Consortium for Understanding and Sustaining a Biodiverse Planet; Competitive Grants for the Promotion of Science program; Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Endowment Fund for systematic ichthyology; Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation FX We thank Thomas Devine for assistance in the field and with DNA barcoding the holotype specimen; Matthew DeSaix for his help with molecular work; Jeffrey T. Williams and Diane Pitassy for cataloging material, and Sandra Raredon for photographing the preserved holotype and assisting with radiographs. We are grateful for the help of Cristina Castillo, Adriaan 'Dutch' Schrier, Barry Brown, Bruce Brandt, and the rest of the staff of Substation Curacao for their assistance in the field. The project was funded in part by the Smithsonian Peter Buck Fellowship to LT. Funding for the Smithsonian Institution's Deep Reef Observation Project was provided internally by the Consortium for Understanding and Sustaining a Biodiverse Planet to CCB, the Competitive Grants for the Promotion of Science program to CCB and DRR, the Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Endowment Fund for systematic ichthyology to CCB, and externally by the Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation. This study is Ocean Heritage Foundation/Curacao Sea Aquarium/Substation Curacao contribution number OHF/CSA/SC#24. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 596 BP 143 EP 156 DI 10.3897/zookeys.596.8217 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DO8TC UT WOS:000378055700010 PM 27408581 ER PT J AU Henry, TJ AF Henry, Thomas J. TI A NEW SPECIES OF THE STILT BUG GENUS GAMPSOCORIS FROM SENEGAL AND NEW GENERIC COMBINATION FOR GAMPSOCORIS GOMERANUS (HEMIPTERA: HETEROPTERA: BERYTIDAE) SO ENTOMOLOGICA AMERICANA LA English DT Article DE Insecta; Hemiptera; Gampsocorinae; stilt bugs; distribution; Africa AB The relationships the African genera Gampsoacantha Josifov and Stusak, 1987, Gampsocoris Fuss, 1852, and Micrometacanthus Lindberg, 1985 (Berytidae: Gampsocorinae) are discussed. Gampsocoris gomeranus Wagner, 1965, having a median anterior spine and three basal processes on the pronotum and a short, round antennal segment IV, is transferred to the genus Micrometacanthus (M. gomeranus, new combination). Gampsocoris linnavuorii, new species, from Senegal is diagnosed, described, and illustrated to help distinguish it from all other species of Gampsocoris. A checklist of African Gampsocorinae is given. C1 [Henry, Thomas J.] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, Natl Museum Nat Hist,MRC 0168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Henry, TJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, Natl Museum Nat Hist,MRC 0168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM thomas.henry@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI NEW YORK PA C/O AMER MUSEUM NAT HIST 79TH & CENTRAL PARK WEST, NEW YORK, NY 10024 USA SN 1947-5136 EI 1947-5144 J9 ENTOMOL AM-NY JI Entomol. Am. PY 2016 VL 122 IS 1-2 BP 24 EP 30 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DN7SZ UT WOS:000377280300003 ER PT J AU Blundell, R Mehdi, I AF Blundell, Raymond Mehdi, Imran TI Introduction to the Mini-Special-Issue on the 26th International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology (ISSTT) SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TERAHERTZ SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Blundell, Raymond] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mehdi, Imran] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Blundell, R (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-342X J9 IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN JI IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 6 IS 1 SI SI BP 113 EP 114 DI 10.1109/TTHZ.2015.2507759 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA DO3LB UT WOS:000377682000015 ER PT J AU Montazeri, S Grimes, PK Tong, CYE Bardin, JC AF Montazeri, Shirin Grimes, Paul K. Tong, Cheuk-Yu Edward Bardin, Joseph C. TI A 220-GHz SIS Mixer Tightly Integrated With a Sub-Hundred-Microwatt SiGe IF Amplifier SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TERAHERTZ SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology (ISSTT) CY MAR 16-18, 2015 CL Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA SP Harvard Coll Observ HO Smithsonian Astrophys Observ DE Cryogenic; focal plane array; heterodyne receiver; low-noise amplifier; silicon germanium; superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) mixer ID RECEIVERS AB Future kilopixel-scale heterodyne focal plane arrays based on superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) mixers will require submilliwatt power consumption low-noise amplifiers (LNAs) which are tightly integrated with the mixers. In this paper, an LNA that is optimized for direct connection to a 220-GHz SIS mixer chip and requires less than 100 mu W of dc power is reported. The amplifier design process is described, and measurement results are presented. It is shown that, when pumped at local oscillator frequencies between 214 and 226 GHz, the mixer/amplifier module achieves a double-sideband system noise temperature between 35 and 50 K over the 3.3-6 GHz IF frequency range while requiring just 90 mu W of dc power. Moreover, the potential to further reduce the power consumption is explored and successful operation is demonstrated for LNA power consumption as low as 60 mu W. C1 [Montazeri, Shirin; Bardin, Joseph C.] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Grimes, Paul K.; Tong, Cheuk-Yu Edward] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Bardin, JC (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM etong@cfa.harvard.edu; jbardin@engin.umass.edu OI Tong, Edward/0000-0002-7736-4203 NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-342X J9 IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN JI IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 6 IS 1 SI SI BP 133 EP 140 DI 10.1109/TTHZ.2015.2498041 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA DO3LB UT WOS:000377682000019 ER PT J AU Zeng, LZ Tong, CE Grimes, PK AF Zeng, Lingzhen Tong, Cheukyu Edward Grimes, Paul K. TI Experimental Verification of the Fundamental Gaussian Beam Properties of Smooth-Walled Feedhorns SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON TERAHERTZ SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology (ISSTT) CY MAR 16-18, 2015 CL Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA SP Harvard Coll Observ HO Smithsonian Astrophys Observ DE Horn antennas; millimeter-wave measurements; millimeter-wave propagation; near-field radiation pattern ID HORN; MILLIMETER AB We report the measurements of near-field patterns for three smooth-walled feedhorns and a conventional corrugated feedhorn at different wavelengths. The measured vector beam patterns are fitted into fundamental Gaussian beam modes. We verify our measurement by comparing the corrugated horn result with its well-established theoretical pattern. The positions and diameters of the beam waists of all of the measured horns are derived from the fitted fundamental Gaussian beam and are in good agreement with those obtained from numerical calculations. C1 [Zeng, Lingzhen; Tong, Cheukyu Edward; Grimes, Paul K.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Zeng, LZ (reprint author), Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM lingzhen.zeng@cfa.harvard.edu OI Tong, Edward/0000-0002-7736-4203 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 2156-342X J9 IEEE T THZ SCI TECHN JI IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 6 IS 1 SI SI BP 163 EP 168 DI 10.1109/TTHZ.2015.2504789 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA DO3LB UT WOS:000377682000023 ER PT J AU Philip, S Martin, RV Keller, CA AF Philip, Sajeev Martin, Randall V. Keller, Christoph A. TI Sensitivity of chemistry-transport model simulations to the duration of chemical and transport operators: a case study with GEOS-Chem v10-01 SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID SEA-SALT AEROSOLS; UNITED-STATES; GRID RESOLUTION; TROPOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; ATMOSPHERIC MODELS; DRY DEPOSITION; NORTH-AMERICA; SMVGEAR-II; OZONE; IMPACT AB Chemistry-transport models involve considerable computational expense. Fine temporal resolution offers accuracy at the expense of computation time. Assessment is needed of the sensitivity of simulation accuracy to the duration of chemical and transport operators. We conduct a series of simulations with the GEOS-Chem chemistry-transport model at different temporal and spatial resolutions to examine the sensitivity of simulated atmospheric composition to operator duration. Subsequently, we compare the species simulated with operator durations from 10 to 60 min as typically used by global chemistry-transport models, and identify the operator durations that optimize both computational expense and simulation accuracy. We find that longer continuous transport operator duration increases concentrations of emitted species such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide since a more homogeneous distribution reduces loss through chemical reactions and dry deposition. The increased concentrations of ozone precursors increase ozone production with longer transport operator duration. Longer chemical operator duration decreases sulfate and ammonium but increases nitrate due to feedbacks with in-cloud sulfur dioxide oxidation and aerosol thermodynamics. The simulation duration decreases by up to a factor of 5 from fine (5 min) to coarse (60 min) operator duration. We assess the change in simulation accuracy with resolution by comparing the root mean square difference in ground-level concentrations of nitrogen oxides, secondary inorganic aerosols, ozone and carbon monoxide with a finer temporal or spatial resolution taken as "truth". Relative simulation error for these species increases by more than a factor of 5 from the shortest (5 min) to longest (60 min) operator duration. Chemical operator duration twice that of the transport operator duration offers more simulation accuracy per unit computation. However, the relative simulation error from coarser spatial resolution generally exceeds that from longer operator duration; e.g., degrading from 2 degrees x 2.5 degrees to 4 degrees x 5 degrees increases error by an order of magnitude. We recommend prioritizing fine spatial resolution before considering different operator durations in offline chemistry-transport models. We encourage chemistry-transport model users to specify in publications the durations of operators due to their effects on simulation accuracy. C1 [Philip, Sajeev; Martin, Randall V.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Martin, Randall V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Keller, Christoph A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Keller, Christoph A.] Univ Space Res Assoc, GESTAR, NASA, GMAO, Code 610-1, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Philip, S (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. EM sj207331@dal.ca RI Martin, Randall/C-1205-2014; Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014 OI Martin, Randall/0000-0003-2632-8402; FU National Science and Engineering Research Council, Canada; Atlantic Computational Excellence Network FX We thank Colette Heald, Daniel Jacob and Patrick Kim for useful comments at the early stages of this research. We are grateful to three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. This work was supported by the National Science and Engineering Research Council, Canada, and the Atlantic Computational Excellence Network (http://www.ace-net.ca/). NR 81 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 10 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X EI 1991-9603 J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2016 VL 9 IS 5 BP 1683 EP 1695 DI 10.5194/gmd-9-1683-2016 PG 13 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DN3BR UT WOS:000376937800003 ER PT J AU Konstantinov, AS AF Konstantinov, Alexander S. TI Possible living fossil in Bolivia: A new genus of flea beetles with modified hind legs (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Galerucinae, Alticini) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Flea beetles; fossil beetles; leaping; structure and function of hind leg; Neotropics ID BALTIC AMBER; EOCENE AB A new genus (Chanealtica) with three new species (C. cuevas, C. ellimon, and C. maxi) from Bolivia is described and illustrated. It is compared with Aphthonoides Jacoby, 1885, Argopistes Motschulsky, 1860, Metroserrapha Bechyne, 1958, Psylliodes Berthold, 1827 and Psyllototus Nadein, 2010. Remarkably, based on the available characters, among all the flea beetles, Chanealtica is mostly similar to an extinct genus Psyllototus. A discussion of diversity and function of the hind leg in flea beetles is provided. C1 [Konstantinov, Alexander S.] Smithsonian Inst, USDA ARS, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab, MRC 168, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Konstantinov, AS (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, USDA ARS, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab, MRC 168, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM alex.konstantinov@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 592 BP 103 EP 120 DI 10.3897/zookeys.592.8180 PG 18 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DM6FD UT WOS:000376445100005 PM 27408546 ER PT J AU Croft, B Martin, RV Leaitch, WR Tunved, P Breider, TJ D'Andrea, SD Pierce, JR AF Croft, Betty Martin, Randall V. Leaitch, W. Richard Tunved, Peter Breider, Thomas J. D'Andrea, Stephen D. Pierce, Jeffrey R. TI Processes controlling the annual cycle of Arctic aerosol number and size distributions SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CLOUD CONDENSATION NUCLEI; OFF-LINE MODEL; BLACK CARBON; CCN CONCENTRATIONS; ASSIMILATED METEOROLOGY; TROPOSPHERIC AEROSOL; MICROPHYSICS MODEL; PARTICLE FORMATION; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; ZEPPELIN STATION AB Measurements at high-Arctic sites (Alert, Nunavut, and Mt. Zeppelin, Svalbard) during the years 2011 to 2013 show a strong and similar annual cycle in aerosol number and size distributions. Each year at both sites, the number of aerosols with diameters larger than 20 nm exhibits a minimum in October and two maxima, one in spring associated with a dominant accumulation mode (particles 100 to 500 nm in diameter) and a second in summer associated with a dominant Aitken mode (particles 20 to 100 nm in diameter). Seasonal-mean aerosol effective diameter from measurements ranges from about 180 in summer to 260 nm in winter. This study interprets these annual cycles with the GEOS-Chem-TOMAS global aerosol microphysics model. Important roles are documented for several processes (new-particle formation, coagulation scavenging in clouds, scavenging by precipitation, and transport) in controlling the annual cycle in Arctic aerosol number and size. Our simulations suggest that coagulation scavenging of interstitial aerosols in clouds by aerosols that have activated to form cloud droplets strongly limits the total number of particles with diameters less than 200 nm throughout the year. We find that the minimum in total particle number in October can be explained by diminishing new-particle formation within the Arctic, limited transport of pollution from lower latitudes, and efficient wet removal. Our simulations indicate that the summertime-dominant Aitken mode is associated with efficient wet removal of accumulation-mode aerosols, which limits the condensation sink for condensable vapours. This in turn promotes new-particle formation and growth. The dominant accumulation mode during spring is associated with build up of transported pollution from outside the Arctic coupled with less-efficient wet-removal processes at colder temperatures. We recommend further attention to the key processes of new-particle formation, interstitial coagulation, and wet removal and their delicate interactions and balance in size-resolved aerosol simulations of the Arctic to reduce uncertainties in estimates of aerosol radiative effects on the Arctic climate. C1 [Croft, Betty; Martin, Randall V.; Pierce, Jeffrey R.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Martin, Randall V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Leaitch, W. Richard] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Climate Res Directorate, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Tunved, Peter] Stockholm Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Analyt Chem, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Breider, Thomas J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [D'Andrea, Stephen D.; Pierce, Jeffrey R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Croft, B (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. EM betty.croft@dal.ca RI Pierce, Jeffrey/E-4681-2013; Martin, Randall/C-1205-2014; Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014 OI Pierce, Jeffrey/0000-0002-4241-838X; Martin, Randall/0000-0003-2632-8402; FU Climate Change and Atmospheric Research Program at NSERC Canada FX The authors acknowledge the financial support provided for NETCARE through the Climate Change and Atmospheric Research Program at NSERC Canada. Thanks to Sangeeta Sharma, Desiree Toom, Andrew Platt, and the Alert operators for supporting the Alert observations. We are also grateful to Ilona Riipinen, Jan Julin, and Tinya Olenius for helpful discussions and for providing the Atmospheric Cluster Dynamics Code (ACDC), applied in our GEOS-Chem-TOMAS simulations. NR 69 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 18 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2016 VL 16 IS 6 BP 3665 EP 3682 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DK1VG UT WOS:000374702300001 ER PT J AU Wheeler, GS Mattison, ED Metz, MA Pratt, PD Purcell, MF AF Wheeler, G. S. Mattison, E. D. Metz, M. A. Pratt, P. D. Purcell, M. F. TI Host range of the defoliator Strepsicrates sp is too broad for biological control of the invasive weed Rhodomyrtus tomentosa SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biological control of weeds; rose myrtle; host range determination; Myrtaceae; Tortricidae ID CONTROL AGENT; MYRTACEAE AB In its native range the invasive weed, Rhodomyrtus tomentosa is host to a suite of herbivores. One, Strepsicrates sp. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), was collected in China in 2014, introduced under quarantine in Florida, USA, and tested against related species to determine its host range and suitability for biological control. In no-choice tests, neonates fed and completed development to the pupal stage on several species of Myrtaceae, including the target weed R. tomentosa, the exotics Melaleuca quinquenervia, and Eucalyptus camaldulensis, and three native species, Eugenia axillaris, Mosiera longipes and Morella cerifera (Myricaceae). Due to the broad host range exhibited in quarantine testing, this species will not be pursued as a biological control agent of R. tomentosa. C1 [Wheeler, G. S.; Mattison, E. D.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA. [Metz, M. A.] USDA ARS, Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Pratt, P. D.] USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Plant Res Lab, Albany, CA USA. [Purcell, M. F.] USDA ARS, CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Australian Biol Control Lab, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Wheeler, GS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA. EM greg.wheeler@ars.usda.gov FU Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission [08250]; South Florida Water Management District [4600001427]; USDA/ARS [6629050] FX This project was partially funded by Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission [08250], South Florida Water Management District [4600001427], and USDA/ARS [6629050]. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2016 VL 26 IS 6 BP 861 EP 865 DI 10.1080/09583157.2015.1130799 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA DJ9SA UT WOS:000374552000010 ER PT J AU Rivera-Correa, M Lamadrid-Feris, F Crawford, AJ AF Rivera-Correa, Mauricio Lamadrid-Feris, Faride Crawford, Andrew J. TI A new small golden frog of the genus Pristimantis (Anura: Craugastoridae) from an Andean cloud forest of Colombia SO AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA LA English DT Article DE advertisement call; Amphibia; Brachycephaloidea; Eastern Cordillera; morphology; South America; Terrarana ID ADVERTISEMENT CALL; PHYLOGENETIC TREES; DNA-SEQUENCES; ELEUTHERODACTYLUS; BRACHYCEPHALIDAE; STRABOMANTIDAE; SYSTEMATICS; DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION; ALIGNMENT AB A new species of Pristimantis is described from an Andean cloud forest at 2650 m in the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia. Pristimantis dorado sp. nov. is similar to and could be closely related to P. acutirostris, but can be readily distinguished from this latter species by the absence of a tympanic annulus, vocal slits, vocal sac and reticulations on concealed surfaces, and by having a metallic gold iris with a brown horizontal streak. The phylogenetic position of the new species is recovered and we provide its advertisement call, which this species manages to emit despite lacking a vocal sac and vocal slits. This discovery reminds us that despite the extensive research on the alpha-taxonomy of Pristimantis in Colombia, fieldwork in high montane forests continues to yield previously unknown species. C1 [Rivera-Correa, Mauricio] Univ Antioquia, Inst Biol, Grp Herpetol Antioquia, Medellin 1226, Colombia. [Rivera-Correa, Mauricio] Univ Antioquia, Secc Oriente, Regionalizac, Km 6 Via Rionegro La Ceja, Carmen De Viboral, Colombia. [Lamadrid-Feris, Faride] Univ Atlantico, Fac Ciencias Basicas, Programa Biol, Barranquilla, Colombia. [Crawford, Andrew J.] Univ Los Andes, Dept Biol Sci, Bogota 4976, Colombia. [Crawford, Andrew J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. RP Rivera-Correa, M (reprint author), Univ Antioquia, Inst Biol, Grp Herpetol Antioquia, Medellin 1226, Colombia.; Rivera-Correa, M (reprint author), Univ Antioquia, Secc Oriente, Regionalizac, Km 6 Via Rionegro La Ceja, Carmen De Viboral, Colombia. EM mauriciorivera79@yahoo.com.ar FU Bogota's Aqueduct water company [7-24100-925-2007]; Conservation International - Colombia [7-24100-925-2007]; Ecopetrol [156-09]; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas de Argentina (CONICET) FX We thank M. Rada, S. Castroviejo, D. Gonzalez, O. Nieto and I. Sanchez for field assistance and A. Munoz-Ortiz for conducting all molecular laboratory work. We are grateful to J. M. Daza (MHUA), J. D. Lynch (ICN) and S. Ron (QCAZ) for allowing access to collections under their care. We are thankful to S. Castroviejo-Fisher for allowing us to use his photographs. Edgar Lehr and Karl-Heinz Jungfer kindly provided suggestions and comments on the manuscript. This biological collection was made with financial support from the technology cooperation agreement No. 7-24100-925-2007 between Bogota's Aqueduct water company and Conservation International - Colombia. Additional samples were obtained and DNA-sequenced under research and collecting permit no. 15 and access to genetic resources permit no. 44 to A.J.C. by the Ministerio de Ambiente, Vivienda y Desarrollo Territorial. Laboratory work was financed by grant no. 156-09 from Ecopetrol. Special thanks to J.V. Rodriguez-Mahecha for supporting the study of the diversity of amphibians in Colombia and to S. Guerra and P. Bejarano for their interest and support to make this article a product of the conservation corridor. Postdoctoral Fellow support for M.R.C. was provided by Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas de Argentina (CONICET). NR 54 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0173-5373 EI 1568-5381 J9 AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA JI Amphib. Reptil. PY 2016 VL 37 IS 2 BP 153 EP 166 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DL1SL UT WOS:000375412200002 ER PT J AU Luther, DA Phillips, J Derryberry, EP AF Luther, David A. Phillips, Jennifer Derryberry, Elizabeth P. TI Not so sexy in the city: urban birds adjust songs to noise but compromise vocal performance SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE noise pollution; sexual selection; signal trade-off; vocal performance ID WHITE-CROWNED SPARROW; RED-WINGED BLACKBIRDS; ANTHROPOGENIC NOISE; ACOUSTIC COMMUNICATION; CORRELATED EVOLUTION; ROADSIDE HABITATS; TRAFFIC NOISE; HOUSE FINCH; GREAT TITS; SIGNALS AB Anthropogenic noise affects the behavior of a variety of animal taxa around the world. In many taxa, minimum frequencies of acoustic signals increase with ambient noise levels, and males and females respond less strongly to these adjusted signals. Lower response may be due to higher minimum frequencies or to the associated decrease in frequency bandwidth. There is a performance challenge to producing notes rapidly at a wide bandwidth, and any reduction in bandwidth necessarily reduces the performance value. This measure of vocal performance is a trait under sexual selection in many taxa. We investigated the relationship between anthropogenic noise amplitude and male white-crowned sparrow vocal performance in San Francisco, CA. Males on louder territories produced songs at higher minimum frequencies but also with reduced bandwidth and lower vocal performance. These results suggest that behavioral adjustments to anthropogenic noise reduce vocal performance of songs. We conducted playback experiments to test if lower responses to urban songs are due to higher minimum frequencies or to narrower bandwidths. Males responded more strongly to normal than to reduced bandwidth songs, but equally to high-and low-pass filtered songs. Our results therefore suggest that reduced bandwidth and performance-not higher minimum frequency-could be the reason that urban birds are less responsive to songs adjusted for anthropogenic noise. Ultimately, the lower vocal performance of birds on territories with high levels of anthropogenic noise could result in fewer mating opportunities and more challenges in defending their territory. C1 [Luther, David A.] George Mason Univ, Dept Biol, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Luther, David A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Phillips, Jennifer; Derryberry, Elizabeth P.] Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. RP Luther, DA (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Biol, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.; Luther, DA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM dluther@gmu.edu FU National Science Foundation Integrative Organismal Systems [1354756] FX Research was funded by National Science Foundation Integrative Organismal Systems (award number 1354756). NR 64 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 16 U2 33 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1045-2249 EI 1465-7279 J9 BEHAV ECOL JI Behav. Ecol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 27 IS 1 BP 332 EP 340 DI 10.1093/beheco/arv162 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Biology; Ecology; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA DK2TW UT WOS:000374768300046 ER PT J AU Chutter, CM Redmond, LJ Cooper, NW Dolan, AC Duffield, D Murphy, MT AF Chutter, Christopher M. Redmond, Lucas J. Cooper, Nathan W. Dolan, Amy C. Duffield, Deborah Murphy, Michael T. TI Paternal behaviour in a socially monogamous but sexually promiscuous passerine bird SO BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article DE differential allocation; extra-pair paternity; male quality; nesting density; paternal investment; parental behaviour ID MALE PARENTAL CARE; EXTRA-PAIR PATERNITY; EASTERN KINGBIRDS; DIFFERENTIAL ALLOCATION; SAVANNA SPARROWS; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; COLLARED FLYCATCHER; COMMON YELLOWTHROAT; BIPARENTAL CARE; REED BUNTINGS AB We documented parental behaviour and paternity of eastern kingbirds (Tyrannus tyrannus) to test the predictions that paternal care would decline with increasing loss of paternity, increasing nesting density (a proxy for probability of paternity loss), male quality, and number of fertile females available in the population. Extra-pair young were found in 58% of 45 nests for which behaviour was recorded and a higher proportion of young were extra-pair as nesting density increased. Male feeding rate declined with increasing nesting density and male quality, but neither feeding rate nor a composite measure of paternal behaviour varied with number of fertile females or paternity. Although alternative explanations exist, one interpretation of the reduced paternal care at high nesting density was that it was a response to perceived threats of paternity loss. The ultimate basis for the lower paternal effort of higher quality males is unclear but we discuss several possible explanations. C1 [Chutter, Christopher M.; Redmond, Lucas J.; Cooper, Nathan W.; Dolan, Amy C.; Duffield, Deborah; Murphy, Michael T.] Portland State Univ, Dept Biol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Chutter, Christopher M.] Minist Adv Educ, 313-4529 West Saanich Rd, Victoria, BC V8Z 3G3, Canada. [Redmond, Lucas J.] Penn State Univ, Schuylkill Campus,200 Univ Dr, Schuylkill Haven, PA 17972 USA. [Cooper, Nathan W.] Natl Zool Pk, Migratory Bird Ctr, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Dolan, Amy C.] Northern State Univ, Dept Biol, MJ224,1200 South Jay St, Aberdeen, SD 57401 USA. RP Murphy, MT (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Dept Biol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. EM murphym@pdx.edu OI Cooper, Nathan/0000-0002-4667-1542 FU National Science Foundation [IOS-0539370]; NSERC [389391-2010]; American Ornithologists' Union; Animal Behaviour Society FX Our work was funded by a National Science Foundation (grant number IOS-0539370; MTM), an NSERC grant (application number 389391-2010; CMC), and additional sources that include the Forbes-Lea Fund of Portland State University, The Frank M. Chapman Fund of the American Museum of Natural History, Student Research Awards from the American Ornithologists' Union, and the Animal Behaviour Society. Without their support this work would not have been possible. We thank all of the members of the various kingbird research teams that have assembled over the years for the diligence and hard work expended in capturing and marking birds, and in collecting the data that are the foundation for our paper. Luis Ruedas allowed us to borrow his canoe year-after-year to conduct surveys along the river. We are also thankful for the cooperation of the staff of Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, and in particular acknowledge the permission granted by Chief Biologists Richard Roy and James Daystyck to work on the refuge. Cal and Alice Elshoff provided great friendship, as did the staff at Malheur Field Station (Duncan Evered and Lyla Messick). Lastly, we thank two anonymous reviewers for helping to improve our presentation. NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 16 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-7959 EI 1568-539X J9 BEHAVIOUR JI Behaviour PY 2016 VL 153 IS 4 BP 443 EP 466 DI 10.1163/1568539X-00003359 PG 24 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA DK3RY UT WOS:000374836300004 ER PT J AU Dominguez, M Escalante, I Carrasco-Rueda, F Figuerola-Hernandez, CE Ayup, MM Umana, MN Ramos, D Gonzalez-Zamora, A Brizuela, C Delgado, W Pacheco-Esquivel, J AF Dominguez, Marisol Escalante, Ignacio Carrasco-Rueda, Farah Figuerola-Hernandez, Cielo E. Marta Ayup, Maria Umana, Maria Natalia Ramos, Daniel Gonzalez-Zamora, Arturo Brizuela, Carolina Delgado, Willy Pacheco-Esquivel, Jessica TI Losing legs and walking hard: effects of autotomy and different substrates in the locomotion of harvestmen in the genus Prionostemma SO JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Costa Rica; Eupnoi; Opiliones; Sclerosomatidae ID LEIOBUNUM-VITTATUM ARACHNIDA; NEOTROPICAL HARVESTMEN; TAIL AUTOTOMY; COSTA-RICA; OPILIONES; REGENERATION; PERFORMANCE; ARTHROPODS; NIGRIPES; SURFACES AB Autotomy, the strategy of voluntarily releasing a leg during an encounter with a potential predator or in agonistic interactions between conspecifics, is common in animals. The potential costs of this behavior have been scarcely studied. In addition, locomotion and substrate-dependent performance might be affected by autotomy. We did a comparative and observational study to investigate whether losing legs affects the escape speed and trajectory of harvestmen in the genus Prionostemma Pocock, 1903 (Eupnoi: Sclerosomatidae) on different substrates: soil (the least roughened), smooth bark and mossy bark (the most roughened) in a tropical premontane forest in Costa Rica. We observed that 71% of the individuals found were missing at least one leg. Harvestmen, regardless of leg condition, walked faster and made fewer turns in their trajectory in the soil. While climbing, they were faster on smooth bark than in moss. On all substrates, autotomized individuals were slower and had a more erratic trajectory than intact ones. The type of missing legs (sensory or locomotor) had no influence on the speed or trajectory. We experimentally induced autotomy and found that walking speed on soil decreases if individuals lose a leg. Our findings confirm that losing legs affects locomotion, and we provide novel insights on how locomotion in these harvestmen depends on surface roughness. Our data suggest that moss could be a type of substrate that requires more elaborate skills in balance, orientation and texture recognition than smooth bark. C1 [Dominguez, Marisol] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Ecol Genet & Evoluc, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Dominguez, Marisol] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, IEGEBA CONICET, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Escalante, Ignacio] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Carrasco-Rueda, Farah] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat Educ & Sustainabil, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Figuerola-Hernandez, Cielo E.] Univ Puerto Rico Rio Piedras, Biol Dept, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. [Marta Ayup, Maria] Univ Nacl Tucuman, Inst Ecol Reg, San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina. [Umana, Maria Natalia] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ramos, Daniel] Univ Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabi Manta, Manta, Ecuador. [Gonzalez-Zamora, Arturo] Inst Ecol AC, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico. [Brizuela, Carolina] Univ Nacl, Escuela Ciencias Biol, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Delgado, Willy] Univ Nacl San Agustin Arequipa, Museo Hist Nat, Arequipa, Peru. [Pacheco-Esquivel, Jessica] Pontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Pichincha, Ecuador. [Escalante, Ignacio] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Carrasco-Rueda, Farah] Univ Florida, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Gainesville, FL USA. [Gonzalez-Zamora, Arturo] Univ Veracruzana, Inst Invest Biol, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico. RP Dominguez, M (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Ecol Genet & Evoluc, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.; Dominguez, M (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, IEGEBA CONICET, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM soldominguez@ege.fcen.uba.ar FU Organization for Tropical Studies and Las Cruces Biological Station; Biology Department of the UPR at Rio Piedras; Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia; Center For Conservation Education and Sustainability, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute; CONCYTEC FX We thank A.G. Farji-Brener, F. Chinchilla, and G. Barrantes for their assistance in the design, analysis and interpretation of this project. E. Triana provided great suggestions to improve the project, as well as field assistance. We thank the Organization for Tropical Studies and Las Cruces Biological Station for providing housing, logistics, transportation and financial support during this project. V.R. Townsend, Jr., Joel Wixson, Elizabeth C. Braun, and two anonymous reviewers provided useful comments to improve this project. The Biology Department of the UPR at Rio Piedras provided financial support to CF. The Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia provided financial support to DG-R, and the Center For Conservation Education and Sustainability, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute and CONCYTEC for the financial support to FC-R. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER ARACHNOLOGICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PARK PA UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, 4112 PLANT SCIENCES BLDG, COLLEGE PARK, MD 20742-4454 USA SN 0161-8202 EI 1937-2396 J9 J ARACHNOL JI J. Arachnol. PY 2016 VL 44 IS 1 BP 76 EP 82 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DK8HM UT WOS:000375167800009 ER PT J AU Cardoso-Martinez, F de la Rosa, JM Diaz-Marrero, AR Darias, J D'Croz, L Jimenez-Anton, MD Corral, MJ Garcia, R Alunda, JM Cueto, M AF Cardoso-Martinez, Faviola de la Rosa, Jose M. Diaz-Marrero, Ana R. Darias, Jose D'Croz, Luis Dolores Jimenez-Anton, M. Jesus Corral, M. Garcia, Rocio Alunda, Jose M. Cueto, Mercedes TI Oxysterols from an octocoral of the genus Gorgonia from the eastern Pacific of Panama SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID GROWTH-INHIBITORY ACTIVITY; MARINE NATURAL-PRODUCTS; CORAL NEPHTHEA-ERECTA; SOFT CORAL; POLYHYDROXYLATED STEROIDS; CELL-GROWTH; POLYOXYGENATED STEROIDS; 19-OXYGENATED STEROIDS AB Eighteen new oxysterols have been isolated from a previously undescribed octocoral collected from the eastern Pacific of Panama. Their structures were determined based on spectroscopic evidence. The absolute configuration was established by derivatization with (R)- and (S)-MPA. Antimicrobial and antileishmanial effects were evaluated. C1 [Cardoso-Martinez, Faviola; de la Rosa, Jose M.; Diaz-Marrero, Ana R.; Darias, Jose; Cueto, Mercedes] Inst Prod Nat & Agrobiol CSIC, Avda Astrofis F Sanchez 3, Tenerife 38206, Spain. [D'Croz, Luis] Univ Panama, Dept Biol Marina & Limnol, Panama City, Panama. [D'Croz, Luis] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. [Dolores Jimenez-Anton, M.; Jesus Corral, M.; Garcia, Rocio; Alunda, Jose M.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Vet, Dept Sanidad Anim, Grp UCM ICPVet 910993, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Dolores Jimenez-Anton, M.; Jesus Corral, M.; Garcia, Rocio; Alunda, Jose M.] Hosp 12 Octubre, Inst Invest, Avda Cordoba S-N, E-28041 Madrid, Spain. [Diaz-Marrero, Ana R.] Univ La Laguna, Univ Inst Bioorgan Chem Antonio Gonzalez IUBO CIB, Dept Organ Chem, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain. RP Cueto, M (reprint author), Inst Prod Nat & Agrobiol CSIC, Avda Astrofis F Sanchez 3, Tenerife 38206, Spain. EM mcueto@ipna.csic.es RI Diaz-Marrero, Ana/L-2899-2014 OI Diaz-Marrero, Ana/0000-0002-8886-7519 FU Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion [BIO2007-61745, SAF2009-0839]; Programa JAE-Pre (CSIC); IMBRAIN project [FP7-REGPOT-2012-CT2012-31637-IMBRAIN] FX This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (BIO2007-61745 and SAF2009-0839). F. C. acknowledges financial support from Programa JAE-Pre (CSIC). ARDM acknowledges funding from IMBRAIN project (FP7-REGPOT-2012-CT2012-31637-IMBRAIN). The STRI provided support and facilities. The Government of the Republic of Panama granted permission for the collection of the samples. COST Action CM1307 allowed the establishment of collaborative work. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2016 VL 6 IS 45 BP 38579 EP 38591 DI 10.1039/c6ra04521a PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DK5PT UT WOS:000374972800011 ER PT J AU Haney, E AF Haney, Erin TI Daughters of Zanzibar SO TRANSITION LA English DT Article AB Sailors and Daughters: Early Photography and the Indian Ocean is an online exhibition commissioned by the Smithsonian's National Museum of African Art, as part of their project Connecting the Gems of the Indian Ocean: From Oman to East Africa, supported by a historic gift from the Sultan Qaboos Cultural Center in Washington, DC. The exhibition was curated by Erin Haney, with research assistance by Xavier Courouble, and site designed by Wilcox Design/Green Interactive. View the exhibition at http://indian-ocean.africa.si.edu/ C1 [Haney, Erin] Resolution, London, England. [Haney, Erin] Pioneering Photo Preservat Workshop 3PA, Porto Novo, Benin. [Haney, Erin] Univ Johannesburg, Fac Art Design & Architecture, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Haney, Erin] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Haney, E (reprint author), Resolution, London, England.; Haney, E (reprint author), Univ Johannesburg, Fac Art Design & Architecture, Johannesburg, South Africa.; Haney, E (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.; Haney, E (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA.; Haney, E (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDIANA UNIV PRESS PI BLOOMINGTON PA 601 N MORTON STREET, BLOOMINGTON, IN 47404-3797 USA SN 0041-1191 EI 1527-8042 J9 TRANSITION JI Transition PY 2016 IS 119 BP 37 EP 48 DI 10.2979/transition.119.1.06 PG 12 WC Ethnic Studies SC Ethnic Studies GA DK7GK UT WOS:000375093000006 ER PT J AU Miller, CC Jacob, DJ Abad, GG Chance, K AF Miller, Christopher Chan Jacob, Daniel J. Abad, Gonzalo Gonzalez Chance, Kelly TI Hotspot of glyoxal over the Pearl River delta seen from the OMI satellite instrument: implications for emissions of aromatic hydrocarbons SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; OZONE MONITORING INSTRUMENT; TROPOSPHERIC DEGRADATION; PRIDE-PRD2004 CAMPAIGN; CHEMICAL MECHANISM; SOUTHERN CHINA; HONG-KONG; INTEX-B; REGION; FORMALDEHYDE AB The Pearl River delta (PRD) is a densely populated hub of industrial activity located in southern China. OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) satellite observations reveal a large hotspot of glyoxal (CHOCHO) over the PRD that is almost twice as large as any other in Asia. Formaldehyde (HCHO) and NO2 observed by OMI are also high in the PRD but no more than in other urban/industrial areas of China. The CHOCHO hotspot over the PRD can be explained by industrial paint and solvent emissions of aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with toluene being a dominant contributor. By contrast, HCHO in the PRD originates mostly from VOCs emitted by combustion (principally vehicles). By applying a plume transport model to wind-segregated OMI data, we show that the CHOCHO and HCHO enhancements over the PRD observed by OMI are consistent with current VOC emission inventories. Prior work using CHOCHO retrievals from the SCIAMACHY satellite instrument suggested that emission inventories for aromatic VOCs in the PRD were too low by a factor of 10-20; we attribute this result in part to bias in the SCIAMACHY data and in part to underestimated CHOCHO yields from oxidation of aromatics. Our work points to the importance of better understanding CHOCHO yields from the oxidation of aromatics in order to interpret space-based CHOCHO observations in polluted environments. C1 [Miller, Christopher Chan; Jacob, Daniel J.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 20 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Jacob, Daniel J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Abad, Gonzalo Gonzalez; Chance, Kelly] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Miller, CC (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 20 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM cmiller@fas.harvard.edu OI Gonzalez Abad, Gonzalo/0000-0002-8090-6480 FU NASA Aura Science Team FX This work was supported by the NASA Aura Science Team. NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 13 U2 22 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2016 VL 16 IS 7 BP 4631 EP 4639 DI 10.5194/acp-16-4631-2016 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DK1VM UT WOS:000374703000025 ER PT J AU Breedy, O Guzman, HM AF Breedy, Odalisca Guzman, Hector M. TI A revision of the genus Muricea Lamouroux, 1821 (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) in the eastern Pacific. Part II SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Alcyonacea; Cnidaria; eastern Pacific; Muricea; plexaurid gorgonian; soft corals; taxonomy ID COELENTERATA; GORGONIIDAE; VERRILL AB The species of the genus Muricea were mainly described from 1846 to 1870. After that very few contributions were published. Although the highest richness of Muricea species is in the eastern Pacific shallow waters, a comprehensive systematic study of the genus does not exist. Recently we started a taxonomic review of the genus in order to validate the status of four species previously included in the genus Eumuricea. Herein we present the second part of the Muricea revision dealing with the species-group characterised by shelf-like calyces instead of tubular-like calyces (the M. squarrosa-group). Original type material was morphologically analysed and illustrated using optical and scanning electron microscopy. Comparative character tables are provided for the genus. The taxonomic status of the species was analysed and established by designating lectotypes, alternatively by recognising a holotype by monotypy. We conclude that the genus Muricea comprises 20 valid species, including the previous four in the M. squarrosa-group. We propose 10 lectotypes, a new combination and three more species groups for the genus based on morphology: the M. fruticosa-group, M. plantaginea-group and M. austera-group. C1 [Breedy, Odalisca] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, Ctr Invest Estruct Microscop, Ctr Invest Ciencias Mar & Limnol, POB 11501-2060, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Breedy, Odalisca; Guzman, Hector M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, POB 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. RP Breedy, O (reprint author), Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, Ctr Invest Estruct Microscop, Ctr Invest Ciencias Mar & Limnol, POB 11501-2060, San Jose, Costa Rica.; Breedy, O (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, POB 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. EM odaliscab@gmail.com FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Vicerrectoria de Investigacion, Universidad de Costa Rica [808-A9072, 808-B2142, 810-B5159] FX Our appreciation to Stephen Cairns, Leen van Ofwegen and Gary Williams for critical comments and suggestions that improved our manuscript, and Phil Alderslade for his advice solving taxonomic conflicts. We acknowledge the following people and institutions for their generosity in making available the specimens and information used in this study, YPM: Eric Lazo-Wasem and Lourdes Rojas; MCZ: Adam Baldinger; MNHN: Aude Andouche; MNHUK: Andrew Cabrinovic and Tracy Heath; NMNH: Stephen Cairns, Tim Coffer, Chad Walter and Geoff Keel; RMNH: Leen van Ofwegen; SMNH: Karin Sindemark Kronestedt; ZSM: Ole Tendal; Bernhard Ruthensteiner and Eva Lodde; ZMHC: Peter Stiewe and Helma Roggenbuck; CASIZ: Gary Williams; MZUF: Lisa Levi; MZUT: Cecilia Volpi; CASIZ: Gary Williams and Bob Vansyoc; CDRS: Cleve Hickmann; UNAM, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia: Jose Luis Carballo, Rosalinda Abeytia; Stanford University, Hopkins Marine Station, California: Geoffrey Shester; UPCH: Yuri Hooker; INN: Fernando Rivera and Priscilla Martinez; IMARPE: Miguel Romero; CRBMco: Katherine Mejia; UNIANDES-BIOMMAR: Juan Armando Sanchez. We thank the following people for providing photographs for this work: Aude Andouche (MNHN), Walter Larrimore (NMNH), Rosalinda Abeytia (UNAM), DeepSee submersible, Undersea Hunter group, Graham Edgar (University of Tasmania, Australia), Yuri Hooker (UPCH), Fernando Rivera (INN) and Elin Sigvaldadottir, (Department of Invertebrate Zoology, SMNH). We are grateful to Jorge Cortes (CIMAR) for advice and encouragement along this project; Alexander Rodriguez (UCR, CIEMIC) for the composition of the plates; Cristian Mora for laboratory assistance and light microscopic preparations; Ingo Wehrtmann (UCR) for helping with the German language translation; Rita Vargas (MZUCR), Eleazar Ruiz (CIMAR), Carlos Guevara (STRI), and Minor Lara and Maria Marta Chavarria (Area de Conservacion Guanacaste, Costa Rica), for helping in the fieldwork, and Marcelo Mainieri (Universidad de Ciencias Medicas, Costa Rica) for style suggestions. Thanks to the National Parks System of Protected Areas of Costa Rica, and the governments of Panama and Ecuador for allowing visits and collections in their National Parks and reserves. This project was partially sponsored by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and the Vicerrectoria de Investigacion, Universidad de Costa Rica, projects 808-A9072, 808-B2142 and 810-B5159. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 581 BP 1 EP 69 PG 69 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DK0WJ UT WOS:000374632600001 ER PT J AU Slot, M Garcia, MN Winter, K AF Slot, Martijn Garcia, Milton N. Winter, Klaus TI Temperature response of CO2 exchange in three tropical tree species SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon balance; gas exchange; global warming; photosynthetic temperature response; stomatal conductance; tropical forest ID RAIN-FOREST; LEAF RESPIRATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RUBISCO ACTIVASE; SHADE-TOLERANCE; FICUS-INSIPIDA; PHOTOSYNTHETIC RESPONSES; LIMITED PHOTOSYNTHESIS; EUCALYPTUS-PAUCIFLORA; NET PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB Tropical forests play a critical role in the global carbon cycle, but our limited understanding of the physiological sensitivity of tropical forest trees to environmental factors complicates predictions of tropical carbon fluxes in a changing climate. We determined the short-term temperature response of leaf photosynthesis and respiration of seedlings of three tropical tree species from Panama. For one of the species net CO2 exchange was also measured in situ. Dark respiration of all species increased linearly - not exponentially - over a similar to 30 degrees C temperature range. The early-successional species Ficus insipida Willd. and Ochroma pyramidale (Cav. ex Lam.) Urb. had higher temperature optima for photosynthesis (T-opt) and higher photosynthesis rates at T-opt than the late-successional species Calophyllum longifolium Willd. The decrease in photosynthesis above T-opt could be assigned, in part, to observed temperature-stimulated photorespiration and decreasing stomatal conductance (g(S)), with unmeasured processes such as respiration in the light, Rubisco deactivation, and changing membrane properties probably playing important additional roles, particularly at very high temperatures. As temperature increased above T-opt, g(S) of laboratory-measured leaves first decreased, followed by an increase at temperatures >40-45 degrees C. In contrast, g(S) of canopy leaves of F. insipida in the field continued to decrease with increasing temperature, causing complete suppression of photosynthesis at similar to 45 degrees C, whereas photosynthesis in the laboratory did not reach zero until leaf temperature was similar to 50 degrees C. Models parameterised with laboratory-derived data should be validated against field observations when they are used to predict tropical forest carbon fluxes. C1 [Slot, Martijn; Garcia, Milton N.; Winter, Klaus] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. RP Slot, M (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. EM martijnslot78@gmail.com FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FOREST-GEO postdoctoral research fellowship FX MS was supported by a Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FOREST-GEO postdoctoral research fellowship. We thank Edwin Andrade for operating the canopy crane. Five anonymous reviewers provided valuable comments on an earlier version of this paper. NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 12 U2 18 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-4408 EI 1445-4416 J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL JI Funct. Plant Biol. PY 2016 VL 43 IS 5 BP 468 EP 478 DI 10.1071/FP15320 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DJ4QD UT WOS:000374191100008 ER PT J AU Garrido, E AF Garrido, Elisa TI Art and science in the Spanish Baroque. Natural history, collectionism and visual culture SO ARCHIVO ESPANOL DE ARTE LA Spanish DT Book Review C1 [Garrido, Elisa] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Garrido, E (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ARCHIVO ESPANOL DE ARTE PI MADRID PA DUQUE DE MEDINACELI 6, 28014 MADRID, SPAIN SN 0004-0428 EI 1988-8511 J9 ARCH ESPAN ART JI Arch. Esp. Arte PD JAN-MAR PY 2016 VL 89 IS 353 BP 97 EP 97 PG 1 WC Art SC Art GA DI5ZY UT WOS:000373580200009 ER PT J AU Cribbs, JD Cass, C Hazari, Z Sadler, PM Sonnert, G AF Cribbs, Jennifer D. Cass, Cheryl Hazari, Zahra Sadler, Philip M. Sonnert, Gerhard TI Mathematics Identity and Student Persistence in Engineering SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE mathematics identity; engineering; higher education; gender ID GENDER-DIFFERENCES; SELF-CONCEPT; HIGH-SCHOOL; SCIENCE; MATH; CHOICE; ACHIEVEMENT; SUCCESS; PERFORMANCE; EXPERIENCES AB Previous research suggests strong connections between students' mathematics background and their persistence in engineering career aspirations. This study expands on that research by examining how mathematics identity impacts the choice of engineering careers for male and female students. Data used in this study were drawn from the Factors Influencing College Success in Mathematics project, a nationally-representative survey garnering responses from 10,437 college calculus students. Results from an exploratory factor analysis validated the mathematics identity framework proposed. Additionally, results from a logistic regression indicate that mathematics interest and recognition in mathematics significantly predict the choice of an engineering career, even after controlling for SAT/ACT mathematics scores and demographic background, such as parental education. Moreover, the interaction between recognition in mathematics and gender is also significant and indicates that being recognized in mathematics has a stronger positive impact on the choice of an engineering career for females than for males. C1 [Cribbs, Jennifer D.] Western Kentucky Univ, Sch Teacher Educ, 1906 Coll Hts Blvd, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. [Cass, Cheryl] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Hazari, Zahra] Florida Int Univ, Dept Phys, Dept Teaching & Learning, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Hazari, Zahra] Florida Int Univ, STEM Transformat Inst, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Sadler, Philip M.] Harvard Univ, Dept Astron, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sonnert, Gerhard] Harvard Univ, Sci Educ Dept, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Cribbs, JD (reprint author), Western Kentucky Univ, Sch Teacher Educ, 1906 Coll Hts Blvd, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA.; Cass, C (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA.; Hazari, Z (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Phys, Dept Teaching & Learning, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199 USA.; Hazari, Z (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, STEM Transformat Inst, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33199 USA.; Sadler, PM (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Astron, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.; Sonnert, G (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sci Educ Dept, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM jennifer.cribbs@wku.edu; cheryl_cass@ncsu.edu; zhazari@fiu.edu; psadler@cfa.harvard.edu; gsonnert@cfa.harvard.edu FU National Science Foundation [0813702] FX This research is part of the Factors Influencing College Success in Mathematics (FICSMath) project funded by the National Science Foundation (0813702). Without the contributions and support of many people, the FICSMath project would not have been possible. We thank the members of the FICSMath team: John Almarode, Devasmita Chakraverty, Kate Dabney, Heather Hill, Jaimie Miller, Matthew Moynihan, Jon Star, Robert Tai, Terry Tivnan, Annette Trenga, Carol Wade, and Charity Watson. We would also like to thank several mathematics educators who provided advice or counsel on this project: Sadie Bragg, David Bressoud, James S. Dietz, Solomon Garfunkel, Daniel Goroff, Ed Joyce, James Lewis, Karen Marrongelle, William McCallum, Ricardo Nemirovsky, and Bob Speiser. Last but not least, we are grateful to the many college calculus professors and their students who gave up a portion of a class to provide data. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions in this article are the authors' and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU TEMPUS PUBLICATIONS PI DURRUS, BANTRY PA IJEE , ROSSMORE,, DURRUS, BANTRY, COUNTY CORK 00000, IRELAND SN 0949-149X J9 INT J ENG EDUC JI Int. J. Eng. Educ PY 2016 VL 32 IS 1 BP 163 EP 171 PN A PG 9 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA DJ5GG UT WOS:000374234200015 ER PT J AU Carrillo-Briceno, JD Argyriou, T Zapata, V Kindlimann, R Jaramillo, C AF Carrillo-Briceno, Jorge D. Argyriou, Thodoris Zapata, Vladimir Kindlimann, Rene Jaramillo, Carlos TI A NEW EARLY MIOCENE (AQUITANIAN) ELASMOBRANCHII ASSEMBLAGE FROM THE LA GUAJIRA PENINSULA, COLOMBIA SO AMEGHINIANA LA English DT Article DE Neogene; Tropical America; Caribbean; Sharks; Rays; Paleobathymetry; Paleoenvironments ID AMERICAN BIOTIC INTERCHANGE; SEA-LEVEL RISE; ALOPIAS-SUPERCILIOSUS; FISH ASSEMBLAGE; SHARK TEETH; NEOGENE; OLIGOCENE; PANAMA; FOSSIL; CHONDRICHTHYES AB Recent field expeditions have led to the discovery of a selachian assemblage from the earliest Miocene (Aquitanian) deposits of the Uitpa Formation in the La Guajira Peninsula, Colombia. This elasmobranch assemblage provides a unique glimpse into the Caribbean bio-diversity at the onset of the Neogene. The assemblage consists of 13 taxa, of which some are reported from Miocene deposits for the very first time. There are also new records of taxa the in southern Caribbean region. The taxonomic composition of the selachian assemblage was used to conduct a paleoenvironmental and paleobathymetric analysis of the lower Uitpa Formation. The maximum likelihood estimation of paleobathymetry suggests that the lower part of the Uitpa Formation was probably accumulated at a water depth of 100 to 200 m. This indicates a rapid increase in relative sea level or basin deepening, providing new insights into the possible causes of marine biota changes in the Cocinetas Basin during the Oligocene/Miocene transition. C1 [Carrillo-Briceno, Jorge D.; Argyriou, Thodoris; Kindlimann, Rene] Univ Zurich, Paleontol Inst & Museum, Karl Schmid Str 4, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland. [Zapata, Vladimir] Ecopetrol SA, Edificio Colgas, Bogota 11001000, Colombia. [Jaramillo, Carlos] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ave Gorgas,Ed 235, Balboa 084303092, Ancon, Panama. RP Carrillo-Briceno, JD; Argyriou, T; Kindlimann, R (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Paleontol Inst & Museum, Karl Schmid Str 4, CH-8006 Zurich, Switzerland.; Zapata, V (reprint author), Ecopetrol SA, Edificio Colgas, Bogota 11001000, Colombia.; Jaramillo, C (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ave Gorgas,Ed 235, Balboa 084303092, Ancon, Panama. EM jorge.carrillo@pim.uzh.ch; thodoris.argyriou@pim.uzh.ch; vladimir.zapata@ecopetrol.com.co; mad_design@gmx.ch; jaramilloc@si.edu OI Carrillo Briceno, Jorge Domingo/0000-0002-8652-7692 FU SENACYT (National Secretary of Science and Technology of Panama) [PY-NI10-016A]; Swiss National Science Foundation [31003A-149605]; Smithsonian Institution; National Geographic Society; Anders Foundation; Universidad del Norte; National Science Foundation [EAR 0957679] FX This project has been supported by a SENACYT APY-NI10-016A grant (National Secretary of Science and Technology of Panama) and a Swiss National Science Foundation grant 31003A-149605 (to Marcelo Sanchez-Villagra). The Smithsonian Institution, the National Geographic Society, the Anders Foundation, Gregory D. and Jennifer Walston Johnson, Universidad del Norte and the National Science Foundation (Grant EAR 0957679) helped to support this work. Thanks to the Evolutionary Morphology and Palaeobiology group of the Palaeontological Institute and Museum at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, Carlos Jaramillo's lab members (STRI) participant of fieldwork in Alta Guajira (2013-2014), the Wayuu communities of the Alta Guajira and the Colombian National Police together with the Mapuka Museum of Universidad del Norte. Thanks to the Museum fur Naturkunde in Blin, the Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, the Natural History Museum of Basel, Paleontological collections of the Alcaldia Bolivariana de Urumaco, Palaeontological Institute and Museum at the University of Zurich and Universidad Nacional Experimental Francisco de Miranda for their valuable assistance and permission to revise fossil collections. Special thanks to J. Ceballos for his help with the microscopic photography and to L. Costeur, L. Londono, M. Gomez, and J. Escobar for their valuable assistance. We greatly appreciate comments and suggestions from A. Lopez Arbarello, C. Pimiento, A. Otero and R. Vullo. NR 161 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASOCIACION PALEONTOLOGICA ARGENTINA PI BUENOS AIRES PA MAIPU 645, 1ER PISO, 1006 BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA SN 0002-7014 EI 1851-8044 J9 AMEGHINIANA JI Ameghiniana PY 2016 VL 53 IS 2 BP 77 EP 99 DI 10.5710/AMGH.26.10.2015.2931 PG 23 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA DI6HD UT WOS:000373598900001 ER PT J AU Davidson, I Scianni, C Hewitt, C Everett, R Holm, E Tamburri, M Ruiz, G AF Davidson, Ian Scianni, Christopher Hewitt, Chad Everett, Richard Holm, Eric Tamburri, Mario Ruiz, Gregory TI Mini-review: Assessing the drivers of ship biofouling management - aligning industry and biosecurity goals SO BIOFOULING LA English DT Review DE Ship biofouling; invasive species; vessel performance; biosecurity; hull surfaces; niche areas ID VESSEL SEA-CHESTS; MARINE BIOINVASIONS; INVASION HISTORY; NORTH-AMERICA; NEW-ZEALAND; ORGANISMS; COATINGS; BARNACLES; VECTOR; IMPACT AB Biofouling exerts a frictional and cost penalty on ships and is a direct cause of invasion by marine species. These negative consequences provide a unifying purpose for the maritime industry and biosecurity managers to prevent biofouling accumulation and transfer, but important gaps exist between these sectors. This mini-review examines the approach to assessments of ship biofouling among sectors (industry, biosecurity and marine science) and the implications for existing and emerging management of biofouling. The primary distinctions between industry and biosecurity in assessment of vessels biofouling revolve around the resolution of biological information collected and the specific wetted surface areas of primary concern to each sector. The morphological characteristics of biofouling and their effects on propulsion dynamics are of primary concern to industry, with an almost exclusive focus on the vertical sides and flat bottom of hulls and an emphasis on antifouling and operational performance. In contrast, the identity, biogeography, and ecology of translocated organisms is of highest concern to invasion researchers and biosecurity managers and policymakers, especially as it relates to species with known histories of invasion elsewhere. Current management practices often provide adequate, although not complete, provision for hull surfaces, but niche areas are well known to enhance biosecurity risk. As regulations to prevent invasions emerge in this arena, there is a growing opportunity for industry, biosecurity and academic stakeholders to collaborate and harmonize efforts to assess and manage biofouling of ships that should lead to more comprehensive biofouling solutions that promote industry goals while reducing biosecurity risk and greenhouse gas emissions. C1 [Davidson, Ian; Ruiz, Gregory] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Scianni, Christopher] Calif State Lands Commiss, Marine Invas Species Program, Sacramento, CA USA. [Hewitt, Chad] Univ Waikato, Sch Sci, Hamilton, New Zealand. [Everett, Richard] US Coast Guard, Environm Stand Div, Washington, DC USA. [Holm, Eric] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD USA. [Tamburri, Mario] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. RP Davidson, I (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM davidsoni@si.edu OI Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X; Davidson, Ian/0000-0002-8729-6048 FU Maritime Environmental Resource Center (MERC); US Maritime Administration (MARAD); California State Lands Commission (SLC) FX The authors acknowledge funding support from the Maritime Environmental Resource Center (MERC), the US Maritime Administration (MARAD), and the California State Lands Commission (SLC). NR 96 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 12 U2 26 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0892-7014 EI 1029-2454 J9 BIOFOULING JI Biofouling PY 2016 VL 32 IS 4 BP 411 EP 428 DI 10.1080/08927014.2016.1149572 PG 18 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DI2GH UT WOS:000373313200006 PM 26930397 ER PT J AU Kanzaki, N Giblin-Davis, RM Ye, WM Herre, EA Center, BJ AF Kanzaki, Natsumi Giblin-Davis, Robin M. Ye, Weimin Herre, Edward Allen Center, Barbara J. TI Recharacterisation of three Parasitodiplogaster species based on morphological and molecular profiles SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE description; Ficus spp.; fig tree; genotyping; morphotyping; Panama; Parasitodiplogaster nymphanema; Parasitodiplogaster obtusinema; Parasitodiplogaster trigonema; taxonomy ID PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; NEMATODA DIPLOGASTRINA; N. SP; DNA; APHELENCHOIDIDAE; REDESCRIPTION; AUSTRALIA; CITRINEMA; PARASITE; MORACEAE AB Three previously described Parasitodiplogaster spp., P. nymphanema, P. obtusinema and P. trigonema were re-isolated from their type locality, Barro Colorado Island Research Station, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, in Panama. The re-isolated materials were morphologically observed to compare with the original descriptions and molecularly characterised by DNA sequences of the near-full-length small subunit and D2-D3 expansion segments of the large subunit of the ribosomal RNA genes. Although the male tail characters, i.e., arrangement of genital papillae and spicule and gubernaculum morphologies, were close to the original descriptions, a compressed stoma with two (right subventral and dorsal) teeth was observed for the first time and confirmed in the newly re-isolated materials. The molecular phylogenetic analysis revealed that the three re-isolated species are close to P. laevigata, P. citrinema and P. popenema, forming the P. laevigata group in the genus, and this group was separated into three subgroups, P. citrinema + P. popenema (subgroup 1), P. nymphanema + P. obtusinema (subgroup 2) and P. laevigata + P. trigonema and three undescribed species (subgroup 3). The P. laevigata group is characterised by a relatively compressed stoma with two (right subventral and dorsal) teeth, arrangement of genital papillae (three or four precloacal and four postcloacal pairs), but distinguishable from each other by stomatal morphology, i.e., the shortest and most compressed being in subgroup 3, widest in subgroup 1, and intermediate in subgroup 2. Furthermore, a large and long spicule and gubernaculum were observed in subgroup 2 as its hypothesised apomorphy. C1 [Kanzaki, Natsumi; Giblin-Davis, Robin M.; Ye, Weimin; Center, Barbara J.] Univ Florida, IFAS, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, 3205 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA. [Kanzaki, Natsumi] Forest Pathol Lab Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058687, Japan. [Herre, Edward Allen] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Ye, Weimin] North Carolina Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Agron, Nematode Assay Sect, 4300 Reedy Creek Rd, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. RP Kanzaki, N (reprint author), Univ Florida, IFAS, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, 3205 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA. EM nkanzaki@affrc.go.jp FU National Science Foundation (NSF) Biotic Surveys and Inventories projects [DEB-0450537, DEB-0640807]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [FLA-FTL-005296]; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [21770094, 26292178] FX This work was supported in part by National Science Foundation (NSF) Biotic Surveys and Inventories projects (DEB-0450537; DEB-0640807), USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch project FLA-FTL-005296 and Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Nos 21770094 and 26292178 from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science. Special thanks go to Dr Annette Aiello for processing specimens for the collections in Panama. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 4 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2016 VL 18 BP 417 EP 437 DI 10.1163/15685411-00002967 PN 4 PG 21 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DI7XO UT WOS:000373715500003 ER PT J AU Geddes, JA Heald, CL Silva, SJ Martin, RV AF Geddes, Jeffrey A. Heald, Colette L. Silva, Sam J. Martin, Randall V. TI Land cover change impacts on atmospheric chemistry: simulating projected large-scale tree mortality in the United States SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; BARK BEETLE INFESTATION; OZONE DRY DEPOSITION; AIR-QUALITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TROPOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; MONOTERPENE EMISSIONS; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; BOREAL FORESTS; AEROSOL AB Land use and land cover changes impact climate and air quality by altering the exchange of trace gases between the Earth's surface and atmosphere. Large-scale tree mortality that is projected to occur across the United States as a result of insect and disease may therefore have unexplored consequences for tropospheric chemistry. We develop a land use module for the GEOS-Chem global chemical transport model to facilitate simulations involving changes to the land surface, and to improve consistency across land-atmosphere exchange processes. The model is used to test the impact of projected national-scale tree mortality risk through 2027 estimated by the 2012 USDA Forest Service National Insect and Disease Risk Assessment. Changes in biogenic emissions alone decrease monthly mean O-3 by up to 0.4 ppb, but reductions in deposition velocity compensate or exceed the effects of emissions yielding a net increase in O-3 of more than 1 ppb in some areas. The O-3 response to the projected change in emissions is affected by the ratio of baseline NOx : VOC concentrations, suggesting that in addition to the degree of land cover change, tree mortality impacts depend on whether a region is NOx-limited or NOx-saturated. Consequently, air quality (as diagnosed by the number of days that 8 h average O-3 exceeds 70 ppb) improves in polluted environments where changes in emissions are more important than changes to dry deposition, but worsens in clean environments where changes to dry deposition are the more important term. The influence of changes in dry deposition demonstrated here underscores the need to evaluate treatments of this physical process in models. Biogenic secondary organic aerosol loadings are significantly affected across the US, decreasing by 5-10% across many regions, and by more than 25% locally. Tree mortality could therefore impact background aerosol loadings by between 0.5 and 2 mu g m(-3). Changes to reactive nitrogen oxide abundance and partitioning are also locally important. The regional effects simulated here are similar in magnitude to other scenarios that consider future biofuel cropping or natural succession, further demonstrating that biosphere-atmosphere exchange should be considered when predicting future air quality and climate. We point to important uncertainties and further development that should be addressed for a more robust understanding of land cover change feedbacks. C1 [Geddes, Jeffrey A.; Martin, Randall V.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, POB 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Heald, Colette L.; Silva, Sam J.] MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Martin, Randall V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Geddes, JA (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, POB 15000, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. EM jeff.geddes@dal.ca RI Martin, Randall/C-1205-2014; Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014 OI Martin, Randall/0000-0003-2632-8402; FU NSERC; NSF [AGC-1238109]; NSERC CREATE IACPES FX This work was supported by NSERC and NSF (AGC-1238109). JAG was partially supported by a NSERC CREATE IACPES postdoctoral fellowship and travel grant. NR 95 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 8 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2016 VL 16 IS 4 BP 2323 EP 2340 DI 10.5194/acp-16-2323-2016 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DH7KC UT WOS:000372971500030 ER PT J AU Li, C Martin, RV Boys, BL van Donkelaar, A Ruzzante, S AF Li, Chi Martin, Randall V. Boys, Brian L. van Donkelaar, Aaron Ruzzante, Sacha TI Evaluation and application of multi-decadal visibility data for trend analysis of atmospheric haze SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH; SULFUR-DIOXIDE EMISSIONS; FINE PARTICULATE MATTER; EASTERN-UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE DATA SERIES; MAXIMAL T-TEST; SOLAR-RADIATION; AIR-POLLUTION; EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT; NITROGEN-OXIDES AB There are few multi-decadal observations of atmospheric aerosols worldwide. This study applies global hourly visibility (Vis) observations at more than 3000 stations to investigate historical trends in atmospheric haze over 1945-1996 for the US, and over 1973-2013 for Europe and eastern Asia. A comprehensive data screening and processing framework is developed and applied to minimize uncertainties and construct monthly statistics of inverse visibility (1/Vis). This data processing includes removal of relatively clean cases with high uncertainty, and change point detection to identify and separate methodological discontinuities such as the introduction of instrumentation. Although the relation between 1/Vis and atmospheric extinction coefficient (b(ext)) varies across different stations, spatially coherent trends of the screened 1/Vis data exhibit consistency with the temporal evolution of collocated aerosol measurements, including the b(ext) trend of -2.4% yr(-1) (95% CI: -3.7, -1.1% yr(-1)) vs. 1/Vis trend of -1.6% yr(-1) (95% CI: -2.4, -0.8% yr(-1)) over the US for 1989-1996, and the fine aerosol mass (PM2.5) trend of -5.8% yr(-1) (95% CI: -7.8, 4.2% yr(-1)) vs. 1/Vis trend of -3.4% yr(-1) (95% CI: -4.4, 2.4% yr(-1)) over Europe for 2006-2013. Regional 1/Vis and Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions are significantly correlated over the eastern US for 1970-1995 (r = 0.73), over Europe for 1973-2008 (r similar to 0.9) and over China for 1973-2008 (r similar to 0.9). Consistent "reversal points" from increasing to decreasing in SO2 emission data are also captured by the regional 1/Vis time series (e.g., late 1970s for the eastern US, early 1980s for western Europe, late 1980s for eastern Europe, and mid 2000s for China). The consistency of 1/Vis trends with other in situ measurements and emission data demonstrates promise in applying these quality assured 1/Vis data for historical air quality studies. C1 [Li, Chi; Martin, Randall V.; Boys, Brian L.; van Donkelaar, Aaron; Ruzzante, Sacha] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Martin, Randall V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ruzzante, Sacha] Queens Univ, Dept Phys Engn Phys & Astron, Kingston, ON, Canada. RP Li, C (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. EM chi.li@dal.ca RI Martin, Randall/C-1205-2014 OI Martin, Randall/0000-0003-2632-8402 FU Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Killam Predoctoral Scholarship; ACEnet Research Fellowship; US Environmental Protection Agency; National Park Service FX This work is supported by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada. C. Li is partially supported by a Killam Predoctoral Scholarship, and an ACEnet Research Fellowship. We thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. Special thanks to Jing Li at NASA GISS for instructions and discussion about trend calculation, Xiaolan Wang and Yang Feng at Climate Research Division, Environment Canada for maintaining the RHtest software, and Zifeng Lu at Argonne National Laboratory for guidance in SO2 emission data. This work primarily relies on the visibility data provided by NOAA NCEI. The bext data are from the IMPROVE network. IMPROVE is a collaborative association of state, tribal, and federal agencies, and international partners. US Environmental Protection Agency is the primary funding source, with contracting and research support from the National Park Service. The Air Quality Group at the University of California, Davis is the central analytical laboratory, with ion analysis provided by Research Triangle Institute, and carbon analysis provided by Desert Research Institute. We acknowledge the EMEP measurement networks and the data managers for maintaining the PM2.5 data for validating 1/Vis trends over Europe. We also thank NASA SEDAC and EDGAR for making the emission data used in this study publicly available. NR 100 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 11 U2 23 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2016 VL 16 IS 4 BP 2435 EP 2457 DI 10.5194/acp-16-2435-2016 PG 23 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DH7KC UT WOS:000372971500036 ER PT J AU Hammer, MS Martin, RV van Donkelaar, A Buchard, V Torres, O Ridley, DA Spurr, RJD AF Hammer, Melanie S. Martin, Randall V. van Donkelaar, Aaron Buchard, Virginie Torres, Omar Ridley, David A. Spurr, Robert J. D. TI Interpreting the ultraviolet aerosol index observed with the OMI satellite instrument to understand absorption by organic aerosols: implications for atmospheric oxidation and direct radiative effects SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID COMPLEX REFRACTIVE-INDEXES; SINGLE SCATTERING ALBEDO; BROWN CARBON AEROSOL; LIGHT-ABSORPTION; BLACK CARBON; SPECTRAL DEPENDENCE; ANGSTROM EXPONENT; TROPOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION; PARTICULATE MATTER AB Satellite observations of the ultraviolet aerosol index (UVAI) are sensitive to absorption of solar radiation by aerosols; this absorption affects photolysis frequencies and radiative forcing. We develop a global simulation of the UVAI using the 3-D chemical transport model GEOS-Chem coupled with the Vector Linearized Discrete Ordinate Radiative Transfer model (VLIDORT). The simulation is applied to interpret UVAI observations from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) for the year 2007. Simulated and observed values are highly consistent in regions where mineral dust dominates the UVAI, but a large negative bias (0-.32 to -0.97) exists between simulated and observed values in biomass burning regions. We determine effective optical properties for absorbing organic aerosol, known as brown carbon (BrC), and implement them into GEOS-Chem to better represent observed UVAI values over biomass burning regions. The inclusion of absorbing BrC decreases the mean bias between simulated and OMI UVAI values from -0.57 to -0.09 over West Africa in January, from -0.32 to +0.0002 over South Asia in April, from -0.97 to -0.22 over southern Africa in July, and from -0.50 to +0.33 over South America in September. The spectral dependence of absorption after including BrC in the model is broadly consistent with reported observations for biomass burning aerosol, with absorbing ngstrm exponent (AAE) values ranging from 2.9 in the ultraviolet (UV) to 1.3 across the UV-Near IR spectrum. We assess the effect of the additional UV absorption by BrC on atmospheric photochemistry by examining tropospheric hydroxyl radical (OH) concentrations in GEOS-Chem. The inclusion of BrC decreases OH by up to 30% over South America in September, up to 20% over southern Africa in July, and up to 15% over other biomass burning regions. Global annual mean OH concentrations in GEOS-Chem decrease due to the presence of absorbing BrC, increasing the methyl chloroform lifetime from 5.62 to 5.68 years, thus reducing the bias against observed values. We calculate the direct radiative effect (DRE) of BrC using GEOS-Chem coupled with the radiative transfer model RRTMG (GC-RT). Treating organic aerosol as containing more strongly absorbing BrC changes the global annual mean all-sky top of atmosphere (TOA) DRE by +0.03 Wm(-2) and all-sky surface DRE by -0.08 Wm(-2). Regional changes of up to +0.3 Wm(-2) at TOA and down to -1.5 W m(-2) at the surface are found over major biomass burning regions. C1 [Hammer, Melanie S.; Martin, Randall V.; van Donkelaar, Aaron] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Martin, Randall V.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Buchard, Virginie; Torres, Omar] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Buchard, Virginie] Univ Space Res Assoc, GESTAR, Columbia, MD USA. [Ridley, David A.] MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Spurr, Robert J. D.] RT Solut Inc, 9 Channing St, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Hammer, MS (reprint author), Dalhousie Univ, Dept Phys & Atmospher Sci, Halifax, NS, Canada. EM melanie.hammer@dal.ca RI Martin, Randall/C-1205-2014; Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014 OI Martin, Randall/0000-0003-2632-8402; FU Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX This work was supported by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada. Computational facilities were provided in part by the Atlantic Computational Excellence Network consortium of Compute Canada. We thank Farhan Khan for assistance during the early stages of this work. NR 87 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 10 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2016 VL 16 IS 4 BP 2507 EP 2523 DI 10.5194/acp-16-2507-2016 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DH7KC UT WOS:000372971500040 ER PT J AU Kinsey, JD Kieber, DJ Neale, PJ AF Kinsey, Joanna D. Kieber, David J. Neale, Patrick J. TI Effects of iron limitation and UV radiation on Phaeocystis antarctica growth and dimethylsulfoniopropionate, dimethylsulfoxide and acrylate concentrations SO ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Biological and Environmental Chemistry of DMS(P) and Related Compounds CY MAY 26-30, 2014 CL Inst Ciencies Mar, Barcelona, SPAIN SP Spanish Minist Sci & Innovat, CSIC, SCOR HO Inst Ciencies Mar DE acrylic acid; algae; antioxidant; carbon overflow; DMSP; DMSO; DMS; reactive oxygen species; ROS; Ross Sea; Southern Ocean; ultraviolet radiation ID FRAGILARIOPSIS-CYLINDRUS BACILLARIOPHYCEAE; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; ROSS SEA; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; PHYSIOLOGICAL-ASPECTS; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; WEIGHTING FUNCTIONS; EMILIANIA-HUXLEYI; NITRATE REDUCTASE AB Environmental context Low iron concentrations and solar ultraviolet radiation can affect the growth of marine algae. We observed reduced growth and substantial increases in dissolved dimethylsulfoxide and cellular acrylate concentrations in low-iron cultures of a prevalent Southern Ocean algal species, Phaeocystis antarctica, with comparatively small increases observed for cellular dimethylsulfoniopropionate concentrations. Exposure of P. antarctica to high levels of ultraviolet and visible light had very little effect on concentrations of these compounds in culture, even under iron-limitation. Our results highlight the importance of iron to P. antarctica. Abstract Iron is a key nutrient regulating primary production in the Southern Ocean. We investigated the effect of iron limitation with and without exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVR, 290-400nm) on concentrations of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and acrylate in axenic batch cultures of Phaeocystis antarctica, a dominant algal species in Antarctic waters. Cellular concentrations of DMSP and acrylate, and cell-number normalised dissolved DMSO concentrations were 1.4-, 11.5- and 6.9-fold higher in iron-limited cultures compared to iron-replete cultures, which we propose resulted from (1) increased reactions of DMSP and dimethylsulfide (DMS) with reactive oxygen species to produce DMSO and (2) increased DMSP cleavage under iron limitation to produce acrylate. Short-term exposure (4h) of iron-limited and iron-replete cultures to a range of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and UVR+PAR irradiances did not appreciably affect P. antarctica biomass or total DMSP, DMSO or acrylate concentrations, except at high UVR intensities, suggesting that iron limitation was the primary driver regulating growth and changes in concentrations of these compounds in P. antarctica. High millimolar cellular DMSP and acrylate concentrations under both iron-replete and iron-limited conditions indicated that these two compounds served as de facto antioxidants allowing P. antarctica to thrive under high UVR exposure and low iron concentrations. High dissolved acrylate concentrations indicate significant carbon removal possibly as part of an overflow mechanism during unbalanced growth. C1 [Kinsey, Joanna D.; Kieber, David J.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Chem, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Neale, Patrick J.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Kieber, DJ (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Chem, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM djkieber@esf.edu NR 78 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 17 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1448-2517 EI 1449-8979 J9 ENVIRON CHEM JI Environ. Chem. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 2 BP 195 EP 211 DI 10.1071/EN14275 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DH8SU UT WOS:000373067500003 ER PT J AU Buffington, ML Forshage, M AF Buffington, Matthew L. Forshage, Mattias TI REDESCRIPTION OF GANASPIS BRASILIENSIS (IHERING, 1905), NEW COMBINATION, (HYMENOPTERA: FIGITIDAE) A NATURAL ENEMY OF THE INVASIVE DROSOPHILA SUZUKII (MATSUMURA, 1931) (DIPTERA: DROSOPHILIDAE) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Spotted wing Drosophila; Panama; South Korea; soft fruit; pest fly; biological control ID CYNIPOIDEA; REVISION; GENUS AB The new combination of Ganaspis brasiliensis (Ihering, 1905) is proposed, and the species is redescribed from historical specimens taken in the Neotropical Region as well as more recent specimens reared from Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, 1931 in South Korea. Drosophila suzukii, otherwise known as the spotted-wing Drosophila, is a major pest of soft fruits the world over, and the search for effective natural enemies of this fly are ongoing. Though not parasitoids of D. suzukii, we also propose the following new combinations: Dieucoila brasiliensis (Kieffer, 1909), new combination, and Dieucoila brasiliana (Weld, 1952), new combination. After summarizing all known species of Eucoilinae with the specific epithet 'brasiliensis', we encourage future researchers to avoid this name in order prevent nomenclatural confusion. C1 [Buffington, Matthew L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Forshage, Mattias] Nat Hist Riksmuseet, Dept Entomol, Box 50007, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Buffington, ML (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Forshage, M (reprint author), Nat Hist Riksmuseet, Dept Entomol, Box 50007, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. EM matt.buffington@ars.usda.gov; Mattias.Forshage@nrm.se FU USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory FX We gratefully thank Antonio Bionidi and Kent Daane (UC Berkeley) for sending reared specimens for our examination; Claire Villemant and Agniele Touret-Alby (Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris) for loaned us specimens critical to this work; Yves Carton supplied personal information regarding the fieldwork in Guadeloupe. Goran Nordlander (Swedish University of Agricultural Science) provided valuable comments to earlier drafts of this paper. USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory funded MLB. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 12 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 118 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.118.1.1 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DI1FU UT WOS:000373242800001 ER PT J AU Buffington, ML Melika, G Davis, M Elkinton, JS AF Buffington, Matthew L. Melika, George Davis, Monica Elkinton, Joseph S. TI THE DESCRIPTION OF ZAPATELLA DAVISAE, NEW SPECIES, (HYMENOPTERA: CYNIPIDAE) A PEST GALL WASP OF BLACK OAK (QUERCUS VELUTINA) IN NEW ENGLAND, USA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Cape Cod; Long Island; Martha's Vineyard; oak pest ID PLAGIOTROCHUS-SUBERI HYMENOPTERA; PUJADE-VILLAR; N. AB Many species of gall wasp (Cynipidae) essentially co-exist with their host oak tree species. Occasionally, the association becomes destructive to the tree, as is the case with Zapatella davisae, new species. This species is a twig galler, and as such, in the cases of heavy infestation, cause flagging, leaf clumping, and dieback of branches and twigs. Historical records of other species of Zapatella suggest that members of this genus have a checkered record with respect to damaging their host plants in North America, and these data are summarized here. C1 [Buffington, Matthew L.] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA ARS, Natl Museum Nat Hist, 10th & Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Melika, George] Directorate Plant Protect Soil Conservat & Agrien, Plant Hlth & Mol Biol Lab, Natl Food Chain Safety Off, Budaorsi Str 141-145, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary. [Davis, Monica; Elkinton, Joseph S.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Melika, G (reprint author), Directorate Plant Protect Soil Conservat & Agrien, Plant Hlth & Mol Biol Lab, Natl Food Chain Safety Off, Budaorsi Str 141-145, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary. EM melikageorge@gmail.com FU Arborjet Inc.; Systematic Entomology Laboratory, ARS-USDA FX GM would like to thank Russell Norton (Cape Cod Cooperative Extension) for sending specimens. MD acknowledges Dan Gilrien for field collections from Long Island sites, and Arborjet Inc. for funding support. MLB was supported by the Systematic Entomology Laboratory, ARS-USDA, and wishes to thank Paul Goldstein (Systematic Entomology Laboratory) for fruitful discussions on this topic. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 118 IS 1 BP 14 EP 26 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.118.1.14 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DI1FU UT WOS:000373242800002 ER PT J AU Gagne, RJ AF Gagne, Raymond J. TI ANTHODIPLOSIS EUTROCHII, N. SP (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYIIDAE), THE FLOWER-BUD GALLMAKER OF JOE PYE WEED IN NORTH AMERICA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE gall midges; Eutrochium; Nearctic; description; life history AB Anthodiplosis eutrochii Gagne, new species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Clinodiplosini), is described. It is responsible for the flower bud gall and only known gall on Eutrochium spp. in eastern North America. Dasineura purpurea Felt is no longer considered the gall maker. Galls are first noticeable at early anthesis in July. Full-grown larvae drop to the soil in August and September. Some adults may emerge in September, but most appear the following year. Anthodiplosis Kieffer, previously known from a single species from Europe, is a genus new to North America. C1 [Gagne, Raymond J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI,Agr Res Serv,US Dept Agr, MRC-168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI,Agr Res Serv,US Dept Agr, MRC-168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM raymond.gagne@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 118 IS 1 BP 27 EP 36 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.118.1.27 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DI1FU UT WOS:000373242800003 ER PT J AU Kula, RR Harms, NE AF Kula, Robert R. Harms, Nathan E. TI A NEW SPECIES OF CHAENUSA HALIDAY SENSU LATO (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) FROM THE NEARCTIC REGION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Alysiinae; biological control; Dacnusini; Hydrellia; parasitoid; Sagittaria latifolia; taxonomy ID DISTRIBUTION RECORDS; ALYSIINAE; REVISION; HYDROCHARITACEAE; DIPTERA AB Chaenusa psillosae Kula, new species from the Nearctic Region is described. Specimens upon which the new species is described were reared from an undetermined species of Hydrellia Robineau-Desvoidy infesting Sagittaria latifolia Willd. A key to the New World species of Chaenusa sensu lato is amended to include the new species. C1 [Kula, Robert R.] Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv,US Dept Agr,Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,MRC-168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Harms, Nathan E.] US Army, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Kula, RR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv,US Dept Agr,Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,MRC-168, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Harms, NE (reprint author), US Army, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Robert.Kula@ars.usda.gov; Nathan.e.harms@usace.army.mil NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 118 IS 1 BP 101 EP 108 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.118.1.101 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DI1FU UT WOS:000373242800006 ER PT J AU Henry, TJ Gill, BD AF Henry, Thomas J. Gill, Bruce D. TI LEONARD A. KELTON, 1923-2011: BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH, LIST OF PUBLICATIONS, DESCRIBED TAXA, AND PATRONYMS NAMED IN HIS HONOR OBITUARY SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Henry, Thomas J.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Henry, TJ (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM thomas.henry@ars.usda.gov; scarab57@xplornet.com NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 118 IS 1 BP 131 EP 139 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DI1FU UT WOS:000373242800009 ER PT J AU Takeda, A Yoshimura, K Saar, SH AF Takeda, Aki Yoshimura, Keiji Saar, Steven H. TI The Hinode/XRT Full-Sun Image Corrections and the Improved Synoptic Composite Image Archive SO SOLAR PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Corona; Data calibration; Instrumental effects; Instrumentation and data management ID X-RAY TELESCOPE; SOLAR-A MISSION AB The XRT Synoptic Composite Image Archive (SCIA) is a storage and gallery of X-ray full-Sun images obtained through the synoptic program of the X-Ray Telescope (XRT) onboard the Hinode satellite. The archived images provide a quick history of solar activity through the daily and monthly layout pages and long-term data for morphological and quantitative studies of the X-ray corona. This article serves as an introduction to the SCIA, i.e., to the structure of the archive and specification of the data products included therein. We also describe a number of techniques used to improve the quality of the archived images: preparation of composite images to increase intensity dynamic range, removal of dark spots that are due to contaminants on the CCD, and correction of the visible stray light contamination that has been detected on the Ti-poly and C-poly filter images since May 2012. C1 [Takeda, Aki; Yoshimura, Keiji] Montana State Univ, POB 173840, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Saar, Steven H.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Takeda, A (reprint author), Montana State Univ, POB 173840, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM takeda@solar.physics.montana.edu FU NASA [NNM07AB07C] FX Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, with NAOJ as domestic partner and NASA and STFC (UK) as international partners. It is operated by these agencies in co-operation with ESA and the NSC (Norway). This work was supported by NASA grant NNM07AB07C for Hinode XRT science. We thank David McKenzie for providing the dust size measurements. We also thank Patrick MacCauley, Adam Kobelski, and Nicole Schanche for their help in characterizing the effects of the light leak, and we thank Antonia Savcheva and Patricia Jibben for the help in developing and testing the spot-correction code. AT thanks Loren Acton for helpful comments and wording advice. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0038-0938 EI 1573-093X J9 SOL PHYS JI Sol. Phys. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 291 IS 1 BP 317 EP 333 DI 10.1007/s11207-015-0823-8 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DH6CH UT WOS:000372878100018 ER PT J AU Morita, SI Bayless, KM Yeates, DK Wiegmann, BM AF Morita, Shelah I. Bayless, Keith M. Yeates, David K. Wiegmann, Brian M. TI Molecular phylogeny of the horse flies: a framework for renewing tabanid taxonomy SO SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SCIONINI DIPTERA TABANIDAE; NUCLEAR GENES; DIVERGENCE TIME; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; EVOLUTION; FLY; INSECTA; INFERENCE; ALIGNMENT; MRBAYES AB Horse flies, family Tabanidae, are the most diverse family-level clade of bloodsucking insects, but their phylogeny has never been thoroughly explored using molecular data. Most adult female Tabanidae feed on nectar and on the blood of various mammals. Traditional horse fly classification tends towards large heterogeneous taxa, which impede much-needed taxonomic work. To guide renewed efforts in the systematics of horse flies and their relatives, we assembled a dataset of 110 exemplar species using nucleotide data from four genes - mitochondrial CO1, and nuclear 28S, CAD and AATS. All commonly recognized tribes in Tabanidae are represented, along with outgroups in Tabanomorpha. The phylogeny is reconstructed using Bayesian inference, and divergence times are estimated using Bayesian relaxed clock methods with time constraints from tabanid fossils. Our results show Athericidae strongly supported as the lineage most closely related to Tabanidae, and Pangoniinae and Tabaninae as monophyletic lineages. However, Chrysopsinae is nonmonophyletic, with strong support for both a nonmonophyletic Bouvieromyiini and for Rhinomyzini as sister to Tabaninae. Only the tribes Philolichini, Chrysopsini, Rhinomyzini and Haematopotini are recovered as monophyletic, although Scionini is monophyletic with exclusion of the peculiar genus Goniops Aldrich. Mycteromyia Philippi and Adersia Austen, two enigmatic genera sometimes placed in separate family-level groups, are recovered inside Pangoniini and Chrysopsini, respectively. Several species-rich genera are not recovered as monophyletic, including Esenbeckia Rondani, Silvius Meigen, Dasybasis Macquart and Tabanus L. Tabanidae likely originated in the Cretaceous, and all major extant groups were present by the early Palaeogene. This newly revised phylogenetic framework for Tabanidae forms the basis for a new assessment of tabanid diversification and provides context for understanding the evolution of trophic specialization in horse flies. C1 [Morita, Shelah I.; Bayless, Keith M.; Wiegmann, Brian M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Campus Box 7613, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Morita, Shelah I.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Yeates, David K.] CSIRO, Australian Natl Insect Collect, Canberra, ACT, Australia. RP Wiegmann, BM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Campus Box 7613, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM bwiegman@ncsu.edu RI Yeates, David/A-9917-2008 OI Yeates, David/0000-0001-7729-6143 FU US National Science Foundation [DEB-PEET 0731528]; Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution; National Museum of Natural History in Washington DC FX This study was supported by funds from US National Science Foundation Partnerships for Enhancing Expertise in Taxonomy (PEET) project DEB-PEET 0731528 - 'Taxonomic, Phylogenetic and Evolutionary Studies of Horse Flies (Diptera: Tabanidae): An Integrated Approach to Systematics Training' - to BMW, SIM and DKY. We gratefully acknowledge the contribution of technical, informatics and taxonomic expertise of B. K. Cassel, G. E. Kampmeier, B. D. Lessard, M. Turcatel, J. Stoffolano and F. C. Thompson. Specimens were generously contributed by the following collaborators and projects: TIGR (M. Sharkey), M. Irwin, B. Copeland, T. Erwin, A. R. Deans, B. V. Brown, D. Smith, F. D. Parker, G. Svenson, I. S. Winkler, J. LaSalle, J. Skevington, M. Buffington, M. Foldvari, M. Gates, M. Hauser, M. Petersen, M. A. Bertone, M. E. Irwin, R. Kula, R. Harin'Hala, S. Bybee, S. Cameron, T. Erwin, M. Whiting and D. Webb. We also thank the Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History in Washington DC for space and in-kind support for SIM, and J. Schaff and C. Dashiell formerly of the North Carolina State University Genomic Sciences Laboratory. NR 106 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0307-6970 EI 1365-3113 J9 SYST ENTOMOL JI Syst. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 41 IS 1 BP 56 EP 72 DI 10.1111/syen.12145 PG 17 WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology GA DG4QS UT WOS:000372057800004 ER PT J AU Sohn, JC Regier, JC Mitter, C Adamski, D Landry, JF Heikkila, M Park, KT Harrison, T Mitter, K Zwick, A Kawahara, AY Cho, S Cummings, MP Schmitz, P AF Sohn, Jae-Cheon Regier, Jerome C. Mitter, Charles Adamski, David Landry, Jean-Francois Heikkilae, Maria Park, Kyu-Tek Harrison, Terry Mitter, Kim Zwick, Andreas Kawahara, Akito Y. Cho, Soowon Cummings, Michael P. Schmitz, Patric TI Phylogeny and feeding trait evolution of the mega-diverse Gelechioidea (Lepidoptera: Obtectomera): new insight from 19 nuclear genes SO SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; ADVANCED MOTHS; MISSING DATA; GELECHIIDAE; CLASSIFICATION; BUTTERFLIES; RADIATION; MICROLEPIDOPTERA; COSMOPTERIGIDAE AB The Gelechioidea (>18 000 species), one of the largest superfamilies of Lepidoptera, are a major element of terrestrial ecosystems and include important pests and biological model species. Despite much recent progress, our understanding of the classification, phylogeny and evolution of Gelechioidea remains limited. Building on recent molecular studies of this superfamily and a recently revised family/subfamily classification, we provide an independent estimate of among-family relationships, with little overlap in gene sample. We analysed up to five nuclear genes, totalling 6633 bp, for each of 77 gelechioids, plus up to 14 additional genes, for a total of 14 826 bp, in 45 of those taxa and all 19 outgroup taxa. Our maximum-likelihood (ML) analyses, like those of previous authors, strongly support monophyly for most multiply-sampled families and subfamilies, but very weakly support most relationships above the family level. Our tree looks superficially divergent from that of the most recent molecular study of gelechioids, but when the previous tree is re-rooted to accord maximally with ours, the two phylogenies agree entirely on the deepest-level divergences in Gelechioidea, and strongly though incompletely on among-family relationships within the major groups. This concordance between independent studies is evidence that the groupings (or at least the unrooted branching order) are probably accurate, despite the low bootstrap values. After re-rooting, both trees divide the families into three monophyletic groups: a 'Gelechiid Assemblage,' consisting of Gelechiidae and Cosmopterigidae; a 'Scythridid Assemblage,' consisting of Stathmopodidae, Scythrididae, Blastobasidae, Elachistidae, Momphidae, Coleophoridae and Batrachedridae; and a 'Depressariid Assemblage,' consisting of Autostichidae, Xyloryctidae, Lecithoceridae, Oecophoridae, Depressariidae and Lypusidae. Within the largest family, Gelechiidae, our results strongly support the pairing of Anomologinae with Gelechiinae, in accordance with a recent study of this family. Relationships among the other subfamilies, however, conflict moderately to strongly between studies, leaving the intrafamily phylogeny unsettled. Within the 'Scythridid Assemblage,' both trees support an 'SSB clade' consisting of Blastobasidae+(Scythrididae+Stathmopodidae), strongly resolved only in our results. Coleophoridae+Batrachedridae is supported, albeit weakly, in both trees, and only Momphidae differ in position between studies. Within the 'Depressariid Assemblage,' both trees support an 'AXLO' clade consisting of Autostichidae, Xyloryctidae, Lecithoceridae and Oecophoridae. The monophyly of this clade and relationships therein are supported weakly in previous results but strongly in ours. The recently re-defined family Depressariidae is paraphyletic in our tree, but the evidence against depressariid monophyly is very weak. There is moderate support for a core group of Depressariidae consisting, among the seven subfamilies we sampled, of Depressariinae, Aeolanthinae and Hypertrophinae. We show that gelechioids have a higher total number and percentage of species that are saprophagous as larvae than any other apoditrysian superfamily, that saprophagy is concentrated primarily in the 'AXLO clade,' and that the ancestral gelechioid condition was probably feeding on live plants. Among the living-plant feeders, concealed external feeding was probably the ancestral state. The multiple origins of internal feeding of various kinds, including leaf mining (otherwise almost unknown in Apoditrysia), are restricted mostly to the Scythridid and Gelechiid Assemblages. The traits that predispose or permit lineages to adopt these unusual life histories are worthy of study. C1 [Sohn, Jae-Cheon; Regier, Jerome C.; Mitter, Charles; Mitter, Kim] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, 4112 Plant Sci Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Sohn, Jae-Cheon; Adamski, David; Heikkilae, Maria] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Sohn, Jae-Cheon; Heikkilae, Maria] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Landry, Jean-Francois] CEF, Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Park, Kyu-Tek] Natl Acad Sci, Seoul, South Korea. [Harrison, Terry] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Zwick, Andreas] CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Australian Natl Insect Collect, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Kawahara, Akito Y.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, McGuire Ctr Lepidoptera & Biodivers, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Cho, Soowon] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Plant Med, Cheongju, South Korea. [Cummings, Michael P.] Univ Maryland, Lab Mol Evolut, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Schmitz, Patric] Univ Hawaii, PEPS, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Mitter, C (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, 4112 Plant Sci Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM cmitter@umd.edu RI Zwick, Andreas/A-5735-2015 FU U.S. National Science Foundation's Assembling the Tree of Life program [0531626, 0531769]; U.S. National Science Foundation [DBI-0755048, DEB1355028, DEB-1355023]; Hatch funds of the Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station FX We are indebted to many generous colleagues who provided specimens for this study, including Leif Aarvik, David Agassiz, Joaquin Baixeras, John W. Brown, Timothy P. Friedlander, Jaga Giebultowicz, Peter Hattenschwiler, Ronald Hodges, Bernard Landry, David C. Lees, Marcus J. Matthews, Wolfram Mey, Andrew Mitchell, Ebbe S. Nielsen, Kenji Nishida, Olle Pellmyr and Jadranka Rota. We thank three contributors to the 'UK moths' website (www.ukmoths.org.uk), Tristan Bantock, Ian Kimber, and Mark Lawlor, for providing photos of gelechioid larval feeding, and Ian McMillan for information about Australian Xyloryctidae. The grid-based phylogenetic analyses were made possible by expert support from Adam Bazinet. Financial support was provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation's Assembling the Tree of Life program, award numbers 0531626 and 0531769; U.S. National Science Foundation awards DBI-0755048, DEB1355028 and DEB-1355023; and the Hatch funds of the Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station. Finally, we thank the two anonymous reviewers for their very helpful comments. NR 99 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0307-6970 EI 1365-3113 J9 SYST ENTOMOL JI Syst. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 41 IS 1 BP 112 EP 132 DI 10.1111/syen.12143 PG 21 WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology GA DG4QS UT WOS:000372057800007 ER PT J AU Winterton, SL Hardy, NB Gaimari, SD Hauser, M Hill, HN Holston, KC Irwin, ME Lambkin, CL Metz, MA Turco, F Webb, D Yang, LL Yeates, DK Wiegmann, BM AF Winterton, Shaun L. Hardy, Nate B. Gaimari, Stephen D. Hauser, Martin Hill, Hilary N. Holston, Kevin C. Irwin, Michael E. Lambkin, Christine L. Metz, Mark A. Turco, Federica Webb, Donald Yang, Longlong Yeates, David K. Wiegmann, Brian M. TI The phylogeny of stiletto flies (Diptera: Therevidae) SO SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGHER-LEVEL PHYLOGENY; LYNEBORG DIPTERA; AUSTRALIA DIPTERA; ANABARHYNCHUS MACQUART; XESTOMYZINAE DIPTERA; NANEXILA WINTERTON; TAENOGERA KROBER; BONJEANIA IRWIN; ACUPALPA KROBER; GENE-SEQUENCES AB The therevoid clade represents a group of four families (Apsilocephalidae, Evocoidae, Scenopinidae and Therevidae) of lower brachyceran Diptera in the superfamily Asiloidea. The largest of these families is that of the stiletto flies (Therevidae). A large-scale (i.e. supermatrix) phylogeny of Therevidae is presented based on DNA sequence data from seven genetic loci (16S, 18S and 28S ribosomal DNA and four protein-encoding genes: elongation factor 1-alpha, triose phosphate isomerase, short-wavelength rhodopsin and the CPSase region of carbamoyl-phosphate synthase-aspartate transcarbamoylase-dihydroorotase). Results are presented from Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of approximately 8.7 kb of sequence data for 204 taxa representing all subfamilies and genus groups of Therevidae. Our results strongly support the sister-group relationship between Therevidae and Scenopinidae, with Apsilocephalidae as sister to Evocoidae. Previous estimates of stiletto fly phylogeny based on morphology or DNA sequence data, or supertree analysis, have failed to find significant support for relationships among subfamilies. We report for the first time strong support for the placement of the subfamily Phycinae as sister to the remaining Therevidae, originating during the Mid Cretaceous. As in previous studies, the sister-group relationship between the species-rich subfamilies Agapophytinae and Therevinae is strongly supported. Agapophytinae are recovered as monophyletic, inclusive of the Taenogera group. Therevinae comprise the bulk of the species richness in the family and appear to be a relatively recent and rapid radiation originating in the southern hemisphere (Australia+Antarctica+South America) during the Late Cretaceous. Genus groups are defined for all subfamilies based on these results. C1 [Winterton, Shaun L.; Gaimari, Stephen D.; Hauser, Martin] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Calif State Collect Arthropods, 3294 Meadowview Rd, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. [Hardy, Nate B.] Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Hill, Hilary N.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Holston, Kevin C.] Swedish Museum Nat Hist, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. [Irwin, Michael E.; Webb, Donald] Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Lambkin, Christine L.; Turco, Federica] Queensland Museum, POB 300, Brisbane, Qld 4101, Australia. [Metz, Mark A.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Yang, Longlong] Ctr Hlth Res, CIIT, Raleigh, NC USA. [Yeates, David K.] CSIRO, Nat Res Collect Australia, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Wiegmann, Brian M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Winterton, SL (reprint author), Calif Dept Food & Agr, Calif State Collect Arthropods, 3294 Meadowview Rd, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. EM wintertonshaun@gmail.com RI Yeates, David/A-9917-2008 OI Yeates, David/0000-0001-7729-6143 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-0614213, DEB-9521925, DEB-9977958]; Schlinger Foundation; Australian Biological Resources Study [ABRS-209-48, BBR-210-40] FX Funding for this study and those that formed the basis of this work was provided by the National Science Foundation (NSF) (DEB-0614213, DEB-9521925 and DEB-9977958), the Schlinger Foundation and the Australian Biological Resources Study (ABRS-209-48, BBR-210-40). Statements and viewpoints expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF or ABRS. We thank the three anonymous reviewers for their useful comments on the manuscript. NR 107 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0307-6970 EI 1365-3113 J9 SYST ENTOMOL JI Syst. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 41 IS 1 BP 144 EP 161 DI 10.1111/syen.12147 PG 18 WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology GA DG4QS UT WOS:000372057800009 ER PT J AU Funk, VA Pasini, E Bonifacino, JM Katinas, L AF Funk, Vicki A. Pasini, Eduardo Mauricio Bonifacino, J. Katinas, Liliana TI Home at last: the enigmatic genera Eriachaenium and Adenocaulon (Compositae, Mutisioideae, Mutisieae, Adenocaulinae) SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Asteraceae; dimorphic flowers; endemism; Patagonia; Asia-North America disjunct ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; CHROMOSOME NUMBERS; ASTERACEAE; POLLEN; SENECIONEAE; TRIBE AB The genera Eriachaenium and Adenocaulon (Compositae) have distinct but complex histories and both have been placed in a number of tribes across the family. For the first time the two genera are included in a molecular study and the results show that they are best placed in the tribe Mutisieae s.s. and are the only genera in the re-instated subtribe Adenocaulinae. When described, this subtribe contained only Adenocaulon and was found in the Inuleae. The study also confirms one of the conclusions of a recent morphological study that Eriachaenium and Adenocaulon are sister taxa. Past difficulties in tribal assignment are attributed to the distinct and unusual morphology of each genus. Both genera and the subtribe are described and a key to separate the genera is provided. C1 [Funk, Vicki A.; Pasini, Eduardo; Mauricio Bonifacino, J.; Katinas, Liliana] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Pasini, Eduardo] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Programa Posgrad Bot, Ave Bento Goncalves 9500, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Mauricio Bonifacino, J.] Univ Republica, Fac Agron, Lab Bot 3, Ave Garzon 780, Montevideo 12900, Uruguay. [Katinas, Liliana] Museo La Plata, Div Plantas Vasculares, Paseo Bosque S-N, RA-1900 La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. RP Funk, VA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, NMNH, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM funkv@si.edu FU Office of the Undersecretary for Science; Natural History Museum; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES); PEDEDIBA (Udelar); Facultad de Agronomia (Udelar); CONICET (Argentina) [PIP 0729]; ANPCyT (Argentina) [PICT 1683] FX A number of colleagues helped us during the course of this study and we are very grateful. In particular we thank: Gisela Sancho (LP) for her participation in the 2009 field trip to Patagonia; Raymund Chan, Carol Kelloff and Gabe Johnson (US) for their assistance in the lab; the Laboratory of Analytical Biology at the Museum Support Center (Smithsonian) where the lab work was done; the last two authors thank PEDEDIBA and we all thank the herbaria where we examined the specimens (LP, NY, US). A special thanks to our funding sources: the Pell grant program from the Office of the Undersecretary for Science for funding the field trip and lab work and the Natural History Museum for funding publication costs (Smithsonian Institution); The second author would like to thank Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) for financial support and for providing an international scholarship to work at the National Museum of Natural History (NMNH) of the Smithsonian Institution. Additional funding supplied by PEDEDIBA and Facultad de Agronomia (Udelar); PIP 0729 from CONICET (Argentina) and PICT 1683 from ANPCyT (Argentina). Finally, we thank the editors of the amazing online databases that we use daily and often forget to mention: International Plant Names Index, JSTOR Global Plants, Index Herbariorum, and Index to chromosome numbers in Asteraceae (IPNI 2012, JSTOR-GP continuously updated, Thiers continuously updated, Watanabe 2015). NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2016 VL 60 BP 1 EP 19 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.60.6795 PG 19 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DG0QB UT WOS:000371769500001 ER PT J AU Robinson, H Skvarla, JJ Funk, VA AF Robinson, Harold Skvarla, John J. Funk, Vicki A. TI Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa: A generic disposition of the species and a study of their pollen SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Asteraceae; Baccharoides; Bothriocline; Botswana; Compositae; Cyanthillium; Distephanus; Erlangea; Ethulia; Gymnanthemum; Hilliardiella; Lesotho; Namibia; Namibithamnus; new combinations; new genera; Oocephala; Orbivestus; Parapolydora; pollen; Polydora; Pseudopegolettia; South Africa; Swaziland; Vernonella; Vernonia; Vernoniastrum; Vernonieae ID GYMNANTHEMINAE VERNONIEAE; CHROMOSOME-NUMBERS; INDIAN COMPOSITAE; GENUS; RESTORATION; CHINA AB Current and previously included members of the Tribe Vernonieae (Asteraceae) of southern Africa are listed in their presently recognized genera with complete synonymies and keys to genera and species. The genus Vernonia, as presently delimited, does not occur in Africa. Genera of the Vernonieae presently recognized from southern Africa are Baccharoides, Bothriocline, Cyanthillium, Distephanus, Erlangea, Ethulia, Gymnanthemum, Hilliardiella, Oocephala, Orbivestus, Parapolydora, Polydora, Vernonella, Vernoniastrum, plus two genera that are named as new: Namibithamnus and Pseudopegolettia. Twelve new combinations are provided and two species, V. potamiphila and V. collinii Klatt., hom. illeg., remain unplaced because of a lack of material. Pollen types are illustrated including previously recognized types: non-lophate, sublophate, tricolporate lophate, and non-colpate triporate lophate. A type previously unknown in the Asteraceae is described here and in a separate paper for Oocephala and Polydora; a non-colpate pantoporate lophate type with pores not strictly equatorial. C1 [Robinson, Harold; Funk, Vicki A.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, NMNH, MRC 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Skvarla, John J.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Skvarla, John J.] Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Biol Survey, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RP Robinson, H (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, NMNH, MRC 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM robinsoh@si.edu NR 59 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2016 VL 60 BP 49 EP 126 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.60.6734 PG 78 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DG0QB UT WOS:000371769500004 ER PT J AU Beaudrot, L Ahumada, JA O'Brien, T Alvarez-Loayza, P Boekee, K Campos-Arceiz, A Eichberg, D Espinosa, S Fegraus, E Fletcher, C Gajapersad, K Hallam, C Hurtado, J Jansen, PA Kumar, A Larney, E Lima, MGM Mahony, C Martin, EH McWilliam, A Mugerwa, B Ndoundou-Hockemba, M Razafimahaimodison, JC Romero-Saltos, H Rovero, F Salvador, J Santos, F Sheil, D Spironello, WR Willig, MR Winarni, NL Zvoleff, A Andelman, SJ AF Beaudrot, Lydia Ahumada, Jorge A. O'Brien, Timothy Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia Boekee, Kelly Campos-Arceiz, Ahimsa Eichberg, David Espinosa, Santiago Fegraus, Eric Fletcher, Christine Gajapersad, Krisna Hallam, Chris Hurtado, Johanna Jansen, Patrick A. Kumar, Amit Larney, Eileen Moreira Lima, Marcela Guimaraes Mahony, Colin Martin, Emanuel H. McWilliam, Alex Mugerwa, Badru Ndoundou-Hockemba, Mireille Razafimahaimodison, Jean Claude Romero-Saltos, Hugo Rovero, Francesco Salvador, Julia Santos, Fernanda Sheil, Douglas Spironello, Wilson R. Willig, Michael R. Winarni, Nurul L. Zvoleff, Alex Andelman, Sandy J. TI Standardized Assessment of Biodiversity Trends in Tropical Forest Protected Areas: The End Is Not in Sight SO PLOS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY; PROJECTED IMPACTS; MONITORING CHANGE; LAND-USE; CONSERVATION; MAMMALS; TIME; EXTINCTION; OCCUPANCY; DECLINES AB Extinction rates in the Anthropocene are three orders of magnitude higher than background and disproportionately occur in the tropics, home of half the world's species. Despite global efforts to combat tropical species extinctions, lack of high-quality, objective information on tropical biodiversity has hampered quantitative evaluation of conservation strategies. In particular, the scarcity of population-level monitoring in tropical forests has stymied assessment of biodiversity outcomes, such as the status and trends of animal populations in protected areas. Here, we evaluate occupancy trends for 511 populations of terrestrial mammals and birds, representing 244 species from 15 tropical forest protected areas on three continents. For the first time to our knowledge, we use annual surveys from tropical forests worldwide that employ a standardized camera trapping protocol, and we compute data analytics that correct for imperfect detection. We found that occupancy declined in 22%, increased in 17%, and exhibited no change in 22% of populations during the last 3-8 years, while 39% of populations were detected too infrequently to assess occupancy changes. Despite extensive variability in occupancy trends, these 15 tropical protected areas have not exhibited systematic declines in biodiversity (i.e., occupancy, richness, or evenness) at the community level. Our results differ from reports of widespread biodiversity declines based on aggregated secondary data and expert opinion and suggest less extreme deterioration in tropical forest protected areas. We simultaneously fill an important conservation data gap and demonstrate the value of large-scale monitoring infrastructure and powerful analytics, which can be scaled to incorporate additional sites, ecosystems, and monitoring methods. In an era of catastrophic biodiversity loss, robust indicators produced from standardized monitoring infrastructure are critical to accurately assess population outcomes and identify conservation strategies that can avert biodiversity collapse. C1 [Beaudrot, Lydia; Ahumada, Jorge A.; Fegraus, Eric; Zvoleff, Alex; Andelman, Sandy J.] Conservat Int, Moore Ctr Sci, Arlington, VA USA. [O'Brien, Timothy] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bronx, NY USA. [Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia] Duke Univ, Ctr Trop Conservat, Durham, NC USA. [Boekee, Kelly] Wageningen Univ, Dept Environm Sci, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. [Campos-Arceiz, Ahimsa] Univ Nottingham, Mindset Interdisciplinary Ctr Trop Environm Studi, Sch Geog, Malaysia Campus, Selangor, Malaysia. [Eichberg, David] HP Inc, HP Sustainabil, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Espinosa, Santiago] Pontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Escuela Ciencias Biol, Quito, Ecuador. [Fletcher, Christine] Forest Res Inst Malaysia, Kepong, Selangor, Malaysia. [Gajapersad, Krisna] Conservat Int Suriname, Paramaribo, Surinam. [Hallam, Chris] Lao PDR Program, Wildlife Conservat Soc, Viangchan, Laos. [Hurtado, Johanna] Org Trop Studies, La Selva Biol Stn, Puerto Viejo de Sarapiqui, Costa Rica. [Jansen, Patrick A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Panama City, Panama. [Kumar, Amit] Hewlett Packard Enterprise, Enterprise Serv, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Larney, Eileen] Ctr ValBio, Ranomafana, Madagascar. [Larney, Eileen] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Moreira Lima, Marcela Guimaraes; Santos, Fernanda] Fed Univ Para, Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, BR-66059 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Mahony, Colin] Hewlett Packard Enterprise Big Data, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Martin, Emanuel H.] Udzungwa Ecol Monitoring Ctr, Udzungwa Mt Natl Pk, Mangula, Tanzania. [Martin, Emanuel H.] Sokoine Univ Agr, Morogoro, Tanzania. [Mugerwa, Badru] MUST, ITFC, Mbarara, Uganda. [Mugerwa, Badru] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Biol, London, ON, Canada. [Mugerwa, Badru] Univ Oxford, Wildlife Conservat Res Unit WildCRU, Oxford, England. [Ndoundou-Hockemba, Mireille] Congo Program, Wildlife Conservat Soc, Brazzaville, Congo. [Romero-Saltos, Hugo] Yachay Tech Univ, Dept Biol, Urcuqui, Imbabura, Ecuador. [Rovero, Francesco] MUSE Museo Sci, Trop Biodivers, Trento, Italy. [Salvador, Julia] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL USA. [Sheil, Douglas] Norwegian Univ Life Sci NMBU, Dept Ecol & Nat INA Resource Management, As, Norway. [Sheil, Douglas] Ctr Int Forestry Res, Bogor, Indonesia. [Spironello, Wilson R.] Natl Inst Amazonian Res INPA, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Willig, Michael R.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Storrs, CT USA. [Willig, Michael R.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Environm Sci & Engn, Storrs, CT USA. [Winarni, Nurul L.] Univ Indonesia, Res Ctr Climate Change, Depok, Indonesia. RP Beaudrot, L; Ahumada, JA (reprint author), Conservat Int, Moore Ctr Sci, Arlington, VA USA. EM beaudrot@umich.edu; jahumada@conservation.org RI Sheil, Douglas/A-3867-2015; OI Sheil, Douglas/0000-0002-1166-6591; Winarni, Nurul Laksmi/0000-0001-6343-3805 FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Northrop Grumman Foundation; Hewlett Packard Living Progress; Conservation International FX This study was funded by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Northrop Grumman Foundation and other donors. Hewlett Packard Living Progress, in partnership with Conservation International, contributed funding to enable the bulk of the occupancy modeling and generation of the Wildlife Picture Index through software development and hardware in kind donations. DE and AK from Hewlett Packard Company contributed to the manuscript by providing descriptions of the software and hardware used for the analysis. Apart from this the funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 84 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 15 U2 32 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1545-7885 J9 PLOS BIOL JI PLoS. Biol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 14 IS 1 AR e1002357 DI 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002357 PG 21 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DG2FU UT WOS:000371882900023 PM 26785119 ER PT J AU Benson, RBJ Butler, RJ Alroy, J Mannion, PD Carrano, MT Lloyd, GT AF Benson, Roger B. J. Butler, Richard J. Alroy, John Mannion, Philip D. Carrano, Matthew T. Lloyd, Graeme T. TI Near-Stasis in the Long-Term Diversification of Mesozoic Tetrapods SO PLOS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHANEROZOIC TAXONOMIC DIVERSITY; NORTH-AMERICAN MAMMALS; FOSSIL RECORD; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; ANGIOSPERM DIVERSIFICATION; CONTINENTAL SCALES; GLOBAL DIVERSITY; SAMPLING BIASES; MASS EXTINCTION; KINETIC-MODEL AB How did evolution generate the extraordinary diversity of vertebrates on land? Zero species are known prior to similar to 380 million years ago, and more than 30,000 are present today. An expansionist model suggests this was achieved by large and unbounded increases, leading to substantially greater diversity in the present than at any time in the geological past. This model contrasts starkly with empirical support for constrained diversification in marine animals, suggesting different macroevolutionary processes on land and in the sea. We quantify patterns of vertebrate standing diversity on land during the Mesozoic-early Paleogene interval, applying sample-standardization to a global fossil dataset containing 27,260 occurrences of 4,898 non-marine tetrapod species. Our results show a highly stable pattern of Mesozoic tetrapod diversity at regional and local levels, underpinned by a weakly positive, but near-zero, long-term net diversification rate over 190 million years. Species diversity of non-flying terrestrial tetrapods less than doubled over this interval, despite the origins of exceptionally diverse extant groups within mammals, squamates, amphibians, and dinosaurs. Therefore, although speciose groups of modern tetrapods have Mesozoic origins, rates of Mesozoic diversification inferred from the fossil record are slow compared to those inferred from molecular phylogenies. If high speciation rates did occur in the Mesozoic, then they seem to have been balanced by extinctions among older clades. An apparent 4-fold expansion of species richness after the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary deserves further examination in light of potential taxonomic biases, but is consistent with the hypothesis that global environmental disturbances such as mass extinction events can rapidly adjust limits to diversity by restructuring ecosystems, and suggests that the gradualistic evolutionary diversification of tetrapods was punctuated by brief but dramatic episodes of radiation. C1 [Benson, Roger B. J.] Univ Oxford, Dept Earth Sci, Oxford OX1 3PR, England. [Butler, Richard J.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Alroy, John; Lloyd, Graeme T.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. [Mannion, Philip D.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Earth Sci & Engn, London, England. [Carrano, Matthew T.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Benson, RBJ (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Earth Sci, Oxford OX1 3PR, England. EM roger.benson@earth.ox.ac.uk RI Alroy, John/B-4585-2009; Carrano, Matthew/C-7601-2011; Butler, Richard/A-5239-2011; OI Carrano, Matthew/0000-0003-2129-1612; Butler, Richard/0000-0003-2136-7541; Benson, Roger/0000-0001-8244-6177 FU European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (ERC Starting Grant: TERRA) [637483]; Imperial College London Junior Research Fellowship; Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellowship [ECF-2014- 398 662] FX RJB received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme 2014-2018 under grant agreement 637483 (ERC Starting Grant: TERRA). PDM is supported by an Imperial College London Junior Research Fellowship and Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellowship (ECF-2014- 398 662). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 100 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 10 U2 19 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1545-7885 J9 PLOS BIOL JI PLoS. Biol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 14 IS 1 AR e1002359 DI 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002359 PG 27 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DG2FU UT WOS:000371882900025 PM 26807777 ER PT J AU Wallbank, RWR Baxter, SW Pardo-Diaz, C Hanly, JJ Martin, SH Mallet, J Dasmahapatra, KK Salazar, C Joron, M Nadeau, N McMillan, WO Jiggins, CD AF Wallbank, Richard W. R. Baxter, Simon W. Pardo-Diaz, Carolina Hanly, Joseph J. Martin, Simon H. Mallet, James Dasmahapatra, Kanchon K. Salazar, Camilo Joron, Mathieu Nadeau, Nicola McMillan, W. Owen Jiggins, Chris D. TI Evolutionary Novelty in a Butterfly Wing Pattern through Enhancer Shuffling SO PLOS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HELICONIUS-BUTTERFLIES; ADAPTIVE EVOLUTION; COLOR PATTERN; MIMICRY; GENE; DIVERGENCE; DROSOPHILA; STICKLEBACKS; EXPRESSION; UNDERLIES AB An important goal in evolutionary biology is to understand the genetic changes underlying novel morphological structures. We investigated the origins of a complex wing pattern found among Amazonian Heliconius butterflies. Genome sequence data from 142 individuals across 17 species identified narrow regions associated with two distinct red colour pattern elements, dennis and ray. We hypothesise that these modules in non-coding sequence represent distinct cis-regulatory loci that control expression of the transcription factor optix, which in turn controls red pattern variation across Heliconius. Phylogenetic analysis of the two elements demonstrated that they have distinct evolutionary histories and that novel adaptive morphological variation was created by shuffling these cis-regulatory modules through recombination between divergent lineages. In addition, recombination of modules into different combinations within species further contributes to diversity. Analysis of the timing of diversification in these two regions supports the hypothesis of introgression moving regulatory modules between species, rather than shared ancestral variation. The dennis phenotype introgressed into Heliconius melpomene at about the same time that ray originated in this group, while ray introgressed back into H. elevatus much more recently. We show that shuffling of existing enhancer elements both within and between species provides a mechanism for rapid diversification and generation of novel morphological combinations during adaptive radiation. C1 [Wallbank, Richard W. R.; Pardo-Diaz, Carolina; Hanly, Joseph J.; Martin, Simon H.; Jiggins, Chris D.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge, England. [Wallbank, Richard W. R.; Pardo-Diaz, Carolina; Hanly, Joseph J.; Mallet, James; Dasmahapatra, Kanchon K.; Salazar, Camilo; Joron, Mathieu; McMillan, W. Owen; Jiggins, Chris D.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Baxter, Simon W.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Biol Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Pardo-Diaz, Carolina; Salazar, Camilo] Univ Rosario, Fac Nat Sci & Math, Biol Program, Bogota, DC, Colombia. [Mallet, James] Harvard Univ, Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Harvard, MA USA. [Dasmahapatra, Kanchon K.] Univ York, Dept Biol, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Joron, Mathieu] Museum Natl Hist Nat, CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE, UMR 7205, Inst Systemat Evolut & Biodiversite,CP50, F-75231 Paris, France. [Joron, Mathieu] Univ Montpellier 3, Univ Montpellier, EPHE,CNRS, Ctr Ecol Fonct & Evolut,UMR 5175, F-34032 Montpellier, France. [Nadeau, Nicola] Univ Sheffield, Dept Anim & Plant Sci, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. RP Jiggins, CD (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge, England.; Jiggins, CD (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. EM c.jiggins@zoo.cam.ac.uk RI mallet, james/B-5114-2008; Pardo-Diaz, Carolina/C-7936-2016; Nadeau, Nicola/E-1149-2011; Jiggins, Chris/B-9960-2008; OI Pardo-Diaz, Carolina/0000-0002-7259-1183; Nadeau, Nicola/0000-0002-9319-921X; Jiggins, Chris/0000-0002-7809-062X; Dasmahapatra, Kanchon Kumar/0000-0002-2840-7019; Salazar, Camilo/0000-0001-9217-6588 FU Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [H01439X/1]; European Research Council MimEvol grant; European Research Council Speciation Genetics FX This study was funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council http://www.bbsrc.ac.uk grant number H01439X/1 to CDJ; the European Research Council MimEvol grant to MJ and the European Research Council Speciation Genetics to CDJ. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 23 U2 41 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1545-7885 J9 PLOS BIOL JI PLoS. Biol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 14 IS 1 AR e1002353 DI 10.1371/journal.pbio.1002353 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DG2FU UT WOS:000371882900020 PM 26771987 ER PT J AU Feuillet, C AF Feuillet, Christian TI Two new combinations in Euploca Nutt. (Heliotropiaceae, Boraginales) and a conspectus of the species of the Guiana Shield area SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Boraginales; Brazil; Euploca; Guiana Shield; Guianas; Heliotropiaceae; Venezuela AB Heliotropium foliatum and Tournefortia humilis are transferred to Euploca Nutt. respectively as Euploca foliata comb. n. and Euploca humilis comb. n. A collection from Guyana has been recently identified as Euploca humistrata, a species previously considered a Brazilian endemic. A collection from French Guiana documents for the first time the species in that country. A key to the species of the Guiana Shield area is given. The species of Euploca from the Guiana Shield are listed with synonymy and a brief description: E. filiformis, E. humilis, E. humistrata, E. lagoensis, E. polyphylla, E. procumbens. C1 [Feuillet, Christian] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC-166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Feuillet, Christian] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, 2082 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Feuillet, C (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC-166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Feuillet, C (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, 2082 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM feuillec@science.oregonstate.edu NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2016 VL 61 BP 101 EP 124 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.61.6260 PG 24 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DG0QZ UT WOS:000371772000010 ER PT J AU Morfeld, KA Brown, JL AF Morfeld, Kari A. Brown, Janine L. TI Ovarian acyclicity in zoo African elephants (Loxodonta africana) is associated with high body condition scores and elevated serum insulin and leptin SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE infertility; metabolic hormones; obesity; reproduction ID METABOLIC SYNDROME; MASS INDEX; HORMONE-SECRETION; REPRODUCTIVE CYCLICITY; ASSISTED REPRODUCTION; STIMULATING-HORMONE; INFERTILE WOMEN; NORTH-AMERICA; WEIGHT-LOSS; OBESITY AB The purpose of the present study was to determine whether excessive body fat and altered metabolic hormone concentrations in the circulation were associated with ovarian acyclicity in the world's largest land mammal, the African elephant. We compared body condition, glucose, insulin and leptin concentrations and the glucose-to-insulin ratio (G:I) between cycling (n=23; normal 14-16 week cycles based on serum progestagens for at least 2 years) and non-cycling (n=23; consistent baseline progestagen concentrations for at least 2 years) females. A validated body condition score (BCS) index (five-point scale; 1=thinnest, 5=fattest) was used to assess the degree of fatness of the study elephants. The mean BCS of non-cycling elephants was higher than that of their cycling counterparts. There were differences in concentrations of serum metabolic biomarkers, with non-cycling elephants in the BCS 5 category having higher leptin and insulin concentrations and a lower G:I ratio than cycling BCS 5 females. Using non-cycling' as the outcome variable in regression models, high BCS was a strong predictor of a non-cycling status. This study provides the first evidence that ovarian acyclicity in zoo African elephants is associated with body condition indicative of obesity, as well as elevated, perturbed biomarkers of metabolic status. C1 [Morfeld, Kari A.; Brown, Janine L.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. RP Morfeld, KA (reprint author), Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM morfeldk@si.edu FU Morris Animal Foundation; George Mason University; Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute; Lincoln Children's Zoo FX The authors give special thanks to the following zoological facilities that provided photographs and serum samples for this project: Virginia Zoo, San Diego Safari Park, Toledo Zoo, Zoo Atlanta, Zoo Miami, Disney's Animal Kingdom, Lee Richardson Zoo, Kansas City Zoo, Nashville Zoo, Memphis Zoo, Riverbanks Zoo, Seneca Park Zoo, Oakland Zoo, Indianapolis Zoo, Knoxville Zoo and North Carolina Zoo. The authors also thank Dr Jeffery French at the University of Nebraska at Omaha for graciously providing laboratory space and equipment for the metabolic assays. We also thank the Morris Animal Foundation for funding this study. We are grateful to George Mason University, the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, and Lincoln Children's Zoo for support and guidance. We also thank Dr David Wildt for valuable editorial comments. NR 77 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 12 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1031-3613 EI 1448-5990 J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev. PY 2016 VL 28 IS 5 BP 640 EP 647 DI 10.1071/RD14140 PG 8 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA DF8RS UT WOS:000371626600011 PM 25375263 ER PT J AU Pryer, KM Huiet, L Li, FW Rothfels, CJ Schuettpelz, E AF Pryer, Kathleen M. Huiet, Layne Li, Fay-Wei Rothfels, Carl J. Schuettpelz, Eric TI Maidenhair Ferns, Adiantum, are Indeed Monophyletic and Sister to Shoestring Ferns, Vittarioids (Pteridaceae) SO SYSTEMATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Epiphytes; gametophytes; molecular phylogeny; rate heterogeneity ID BAYESIAN PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCES; CHEILANTHOID FERNS; RBCL SEQUENCES; GAMETOPHYTES; CONFIDENCE; SELECTION; ALIGNMENT; LINEAGES AB Across the tree of life, molecular phylogenetic studies often reveal surprising relationships between taxa with radically different morphologies that have long obscured their close affiliations. A spectacular botanical example is Rafflesia, a holoparasite that produces the largest flowers in the world, but that evolved from tiny-flowered ancestors within the Euphorbiaceae. Outside of parasitic lineages, such abrupt transformations are rarely seen. One exception involves the "maidenhair ferns" (Adiantum), which are quintessential ferns: beautifully dissected, terrestrial, and shade loving. The closely related "shoestring ferns" (vittarioids), in contrast, have an extremely simplified morphology, are canopy-dwelling epiphytes, and exhibit greatly accelerated rates of molecular evolution. While Adiantum and the vittarioids together have been shown to form a robust monophyletic group (adiantoids), there remain unanswered questions regarding the monophyly of Adiantum and the evolutionary history of the vittarioids. Here we review recent phylogenetic evidence suggesting support for the monophyly of Adiantum, and analyze new plastid data to confirm this result. We find that Adiantum is monophyletic and sister to the vittarioids. With this robust phylogenetic framework established for the broadest relationships in the adiantoid Glade, we can now focus on understanding the evolutionary processes associated with the extreme morphological, ecological, and genetic transitions that took place within this lineage. C1 [Pryer, Kathleen M.; Huiet, Layne; Li, Fay-Wei] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Li, Fay-Wei; Rothfels, Carl J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Univ Herbarium, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Schuettpelz, Eric] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pryer, Kathleen M.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, MRC 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Pryer, KM (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA.; Pryer, KM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, MRC 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM pryer@duke.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-1145614, DEB-1405181]; NSF DDIG [DEB-1110652, DEB-1407158] FX The authors thank the herbarium curators and staff of A, COLO, DUKE, GOET, P, TUR, UC, and UTC for access to specimens needed for this study. This research was funded by National Science Foundation grants DEB-1145614 to K. M. P. and L. H. and DEB-1405181 to E. S. as well as NSF DDIG awards DEB-1110652 to K. M. P. and C. J. R. and DEB-1407158 to K. M. P. and F.-W. L. Assistance from T.-T. Kao is gratefully acknowledged, as are the thoughtful comments of M. D. Windham. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 8 PU AMER SOC PLANT TAXONOMISTS PI LARAMIE PA UNIV WYOMING, DEPT BOTANY 3165, 1000 E UNIVERSITY AVE, LARAMIE, WY 82071 USA SN 0363-6445 EI 1548-2324 J9 SYST BOT JI Syst. Bot. PD JAN-MAR PY 2016 VL 41 IS 1 BP 17 EP 23 DI 10.1600/036364416X690660 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA DF9AY UT WOS:000371653800004 ER PT J AU Lu, LM Wen, J Chen, ZD AF Lu, Limin Wen, Jun Chen, Zhiduan TI Cayratia cheniana (Vitaceae): An Endangered New Species Endemic to the Limestone Mountains of Ninh Thuan Province, Vietnam SO SYSTEMATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity conservation; chloroplast DNA; critically endangered species; habitat loss ID GRAPE FAMILY VITACEAE; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; BIOGEOGRAPHY; SEQUENCES; EVOLUTION; PLANCH. AB Considerable numbers of species have become extinct before being scientifically described, and the loss of natural habitats is known to be one of the major reasons for biodiversity declines. In this study, an endangered new species, Cayratia cheniana L. M. Lu & J. Wen, endemic to the limestone mountains of Ninh Thuan province of Vietnam is herein described based on both morphological and molecular evidence. With five chloroplast markers, Cayratia cheniana is placed as the first diverged lineage of Cayratia Juss. Morphologically, Cayratia cheniana shares synapomorphies with all other Cayratia s. s. in possessing a membrane enclosing ventral infolds in the seeds and presence of bracts on the lower part of the inflorescence axis. This species can be readily distinguished from other congeners by its tripalmate-trifoliate to bipinnate leaf architecture and stems with shredding bark. C1 [Lu, Limin; Chen, Zhiduan] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Chen, ZD (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Systemat & Evolutionary Bot, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China.; Wen, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM wenj@si.edu; zhiduan@ibcas.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [NNSF 31500179, NNSF 31270268]; External Cooperation Program of BIC, Chinese Academy of Sciences [GJHZ 201321]; CAS International Research & Education Development Program [SAJC201315]; Science and Technology Basic Work [2013FY112100] FX We are grateful to Van Du Nguyen, Jingbo Zhang, and Van Hieu Nguyen for field assistance, Ai-Li Li for the line drawing, Sadaf Habib for taking seed photos, and Russell Barrett for helpful comments on the manuscript. We also thank Dr. Steven R. Manchester, one anonymous reviewer, and the Editor-in-Chief Dr. James F. Smith for their valuable suggestions. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NNSF 31500179 and NNSF 31270268). Field work in Vietnam was partially supported by the External Cooperation Program of BIC, Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. GJHZ 201321), CAS International Research & Education Development Program (Grant No. SAJC201315), and Science and Technology Basic Work (2013FY112100). NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PLANT TAXONOMISTS PI LARAMIE PA UNIV WYOMING, DEPT BOTANY 3165, 1000 E UNIVERSITY AVE, LARAMIE, WY 82071 USA SN 0363-6445 EI 1548-2324 J9 SYST BOT JI Syst. Bot. PD JAN-MAR PY 2016 VL 41 IS 1 BP 49 EP 55 DI 10.1600/036364416X690741 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA DF9AY UT WOS:000371653800007 ER PT J AU Medeiros, H Forzza, RC Acevedo-Rodriguez, P AF Medeiros, Herison Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini Acevedo-Rodriguez, Pedro TI Wild Relatives of Guarana (Paullinia cupana, Sapindaceae) in Southwestern Brazilian Amazon SO SYSTEMATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Acre; flora; Paullinieae; Sapindales; species distribution; taxonomy ID FLORA AB Paullinia species are generally laticiferous, woody climbers with a pair of watch-spring tendrils at the middle of the inflorescence, stipules, compound leaves with mostly pinnate organization, zygomorphic flowers with white corollas, septifragal capsules, and black or dark brown seeds with a white arillode. Paullinia is a Neotropical genus with approximately 220 species, one of which (P. pinnata) is also naturally found in Africa and Madagascar. Currently, 99 species are listed for Brazil, most of which are found in forest formations. The Amazon and the coastal Atlantic Forest are the two Brazilian biomes that hold the greatest diversity of Paullinia, with 73 and 26 species respectively. Surprisingly, nearly half of the Brazilian species of Paullinia (45 species, five new records for Brazil) are recorded for the Amazonian state of Acre. In the present work, we provide keys and brief species descriptions to identify the species of Paullinia found in the state of Acre. We also provide information on their distributions within Acre, and within their total range. It is noteworthy that about 70% of the species had their distribution restricted to the Amazonian domain and 44% are restricted to southwestern Amazonia, suggesting this region is a center of diversity for the genus. C1 [Medeiros, Herison; Forzza, Rafaela Campostrini] Inst Pesquisas Jardim Bot Rio de Janeiro, Pacheco Leao 915, BR-22460030 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Acevedo-Rodriguez, Pedro] Smithsonian Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Medeiros, H (reprint author), Inst Pesquisas Jardim Bot Rio de Janeiro, Pacheco Leao 915, BR-22460030 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM medeiros.herison@gmail.com RI Forzza, Rafaela/N-9274-2015 FU CAPES (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior); Beneficial Foundation; JRS Biodiversity Foundation FX This paper is part of the M.Sc. dissertation of the first author, presented to the Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Botanica, Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro. We thank the CAPES (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior) for the Master's scholarship awarded to the first author. We thank the Beneficial Foundation who funded the Mobilizing Taxonomic Specialists project, and the JRS Biodiversity Foundation for funding the Rescue and Integration of Botanical Data for Conservation in the Southwestern Amazon project for the financial support; the curators of the above-mentioned herbaria for their assistance; Douglas C. Daly, Flavio A. Obermuller, Marcos Silveira, Genise V. Somner, Vidal F. Mansano, Daniela Zappi and Manly M. Gomes for relevant suggestions; Edilson C. Oliveira, experienced plant collector, and the students in the University of Acre's Laboratorio de Botanica e Ecologia Vegetal for their invaluable assistance in the field. Rafaela Forzza is a CNPq Research Fellow. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 11 PU AMER SOC PLANT TAXONOMISTS PI LARAMIE PA UNIV WYOMING, DEPT BOTANY 3165, 1000 E UNIVERSITY AVE, LARAMIE, WY 82071 USA SN 0363-6445 EI 1548-2324 J9 SYST BOT JI Syst. Bot. PD JAN-MAR PY 2016 VL 41 IS 1 BP 202 EP 228 DI 10.1600/036364416X690606 PG 27 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA DF9AY UT WOS:000371653800019 ER PT J AU Tocheri, MW Dommain, R McFarlin, SC Burnett, SE Case, DT Orr, CM Roach, NT Villmoare, B Eriksen, AB Kalthoff, DC Senck, S Assefa, Z Groves, CP Jungers, WL AF Tocheri, Matthew W. Dommain, Rene McFarlin, Shannon C. Burnett, Scott E. Case, D. Troy Orr, Caley M. Roach, Neil T. Villmoare, Brian Eriksen, Amandine B. Kalthoff, Daniela C. Senck, Sascha Assefa, Zelalem Groves, Colin P. Jungers, William L. TI The Evolutionary Origin and Population History of the Grauer Gorilla SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Article DE eastern gorilla biogeography; founder effect; genetic bottleneck; osseous and non-osseous coalitions; rare skeletal traits ID LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; IMPENETRABLE NATIONAL-PARK; WESTERN LOWLAND GORILLAS; SPASTIC FLAT FOOT; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; EAST-AFRICA; GREAT APE; MOUNTAIN GORILLAS; LATE PLEISTOCENE AB Gorillas living in western central Africa (Gorilla gorilla) are morphologically and genetically distinguishable from those living in eastern central Africa (Gorilla beringei). Genomic analyses show eastern gorillas experienced a significant reduction in population size during the Pleistocene subsequent to geographical isolation from their western counterparts. However, how these results relate more specifically to the recent biogeographical and evolutionary history of eastern gorillas remains poorly understood. Here we show that two rare morphological traits are present in the hands and feet of both eastern gorilla subspecies at strikingly high frequencies (>60% in G. b. graueri; similar to 28% in G. b. beringei) in comparison with western gorillas (<1%). The intrageneric distribution of these rare traits suggests that they became common among eastern gorillas after diverging from their western relatives during the early to middle Pleistocene. The extremely high frequencies observed among grauer gorillas-which currently occupy a geographic range more than ten times the size of that of mountain gorillas-imply that grauers originated relatively recently from a small founding population of eastern gorillas. Current paleoenvironmental, geological, and biogeographical evidence supports the hypothesis that a small group of eastern gorillas likely dispersed westward from the Virungas into present-day grauer range in the highlands just north of Lake Kivu, either immediately before or directly after the Younger Dryas interval. We propose that as the lowland forests of central Africa expanded rapidly during the early Holocene, they became connected with the expanding highland forests along the Albertine Rift and enabled the descendants of this small group to widely disperse. The descendant populations significantly expanded their geographic range and population numbers relative to the gorillas of the Virunga Mountains and the Bwindi-Impenetrable Forest, ultimately resulting in the grauer gorilla subspecies recognized today. This founder-effect hypothesis offers some optimism for modern conservation efforts to save critically endangered eastern gorillas from extinction. (c) 2016 American Association of Physical Anthropologists C1 [Tocheri, Matthew W.] Lakehead Univ, Dept Anthropol, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada. [Tocheri, Matthew W.; Dommain, Rene; Assefa, Zelalem] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Human Origins Program, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [McFarlin, Shannon C.] George Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [McFarlin, Shannon C.] George Washington Univ, Ctr Adv Study Hominid Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [McFarlin, Shannon C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Burnett, Scott E.] Eckerd Coll, Dept Anthropol, St Petersburg, FL 33711 USA. [Case, D. Troy] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Sociol & Anthropol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Orr, Caley M.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Cell & Dev Biol, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Roach, Neil T.] Harvard Univ, Dept Human Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Roach, Neil T.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Anthropol, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Villmoare, Brian] Univ Nevada, Dept Anthropol, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Villmoare, Brian] UCL, Dept Anthropol, London WC1H 0BW, England. [Eriksen, Amandine B.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Anthropol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Kalthoff, Daniela C.] Swedish Museum Nat Hist, Dept Zool, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. [Senck, Sascha] Univ Appl Sci Upper Austria, Fak Tech & Umweltwissensch, A-4600 Wels, Austria. [Groves, Colin P.] Australian Natl Univ, Sch Archaeol & Anthropol, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Jungers, William L.] SUNY Stony Brook, Med Ctr, Dept Anat Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Jungers, William L.] Assoc Vahatra, BP 3972, Madagascar, Madagascar. RP Tocheri, MW (reprint author), Lakehead Univ, Dept Anthropol, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada. EM tocherim@gmail.com OI Tocheri, Matthew/0000-0001-7600-8998 FU Wenner-Gren Foundation [7822]; Smithsonian Institution's Scholarly Studies Grant Program; Canada Research Chairs Program; National Science Foundation [BCS-0852866, BCS-0964944]; National Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration [8486-08]; Leakey Foundation; George Washington University Center; Institute Facilitating Fund FX Grant sponsor: Wenner-Gren Foundation; Grant number: 7822; Grant sponsor: Smithsonian Institution's Scholarly Studies Grant Program; Grant sponsor: Canada Research Chairs Program; Grant sponsor: National Science Foundation; Grant number: BCS-0852866 and BCS-0964944; Grant sponsor: National Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration; Grant number: 8486-08; Grant sponsor: The Leakey Foundation; Grant sponsor: The George Washington University Center and Institute Facilitating Fund. NR 173 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 13 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-9483 EI 1096-8644 J9 AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL JI Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 159 SU 61 BP 4 EP 18 DI 10.1002/ajpa.22900 PG 15 WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology GA DF3PU UT WOS:000371257900002 ER PT J AU Pobiner, B AF Pobiner, Briana TI Accepting, Understanding, Teaching, and Learning (Human) Evolution: Obstacles and Opportunities SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Article DE human evolution; evolution education; evolution misconceptions; science denial; outreach ID HIGH-SCHOOL BIOLOGY; NATURAL-SELECTION; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; SCIENCE-EDUCATION; TREE-THINKING; CONCEPTUAL CHANGE; PUBLIC-SCHOOLS; UNITED-STATES; TEACHERS CONCEPTIONS; UNIVERSITY-STUDENTS AB Questions about our origin as a species are universal and compelling. Evolution-and in particular human evolution-is a subject that generates intense interest across the world, evidenced by the fact that fossil and DNA discoveries grace the covers of major science journals and magazines as well as other popular print and online media. However, virtually all national polls indicate that the majority of Americans strongly reject biological evolution as a fact-based, well-tested, and robust understanding of the history of life. In the popular mind, no topic in all of science is more contentious or polarizing than evolution and media sources often only serve to magnify this polarization by covering challenges to the teaching of evolution. In the realm of teaching, debates about evolution have shaped textbooks, curricula, standards, and policy. Challenges to accepting and understanding evolution include mistrust and denial of science, cognitive obstacles and misconceptions, language and terminology, and a religious worldview, among others. Teachers, who are on the front lines of these challenges, must be armed with the tools and techniques to teach evolution in formal education settings across grades K-16 in a straightforward, thorough, and sensitive way. Despite the potentially controversial topic of human evolution, growing research is demonstrating that a pedagogical focus on human examples is an effective and engaging way to teach core concepts of evolutionary biology. (c) 2016 American Association of Physical Anthropologists C1 [Pobiner, Briana] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Human Origins Program, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Pobiner, B (reprint author), MRC 112 Smithsonians Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Human Origins Program, 10th St & Constitut Ave, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM pobinerb@si.edu FU National Science Foundation [1119468] FX I thank Robin Bernstein for the invitation to write this paper and for the thoughtful comments and suggestions by Trudy Turner (Editor), Shara Bailey (Associate Editor), and the two reviewers. I am grateful to many people who continue to stimulate my thinking and interest in this area, including (but not exclusive to): Paul Beardsley, Connie Bertka, Jennifer Clark, Holly Dunsworth, Amanda Glaze, T. Ryan Gregory, Norman Johnson, Jay Labov, David Long, Louise Mead, Lee Meadows, Rick Potts, Melissa Wilson Sayres, Caitlin Schrein, Judy Scotchmoor, Eugenie Scott, Jim Smith, Anna Thanukos, Bill Watson, Jory Weintraub, my other friends and colleagues at the National Museum of Natural History, and all the not-yetspecifically- named members of the "Communicating the Relevance of Human Evolution" working group at the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NESCent). This paper included links and references to material based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1119468 for the "Teaching Evolution through Human Examples" project, and I thank all the teachers and students who helped us field test the materials developed by the project. I also thank Bobby Kaplan and especially Anna Ragni for editorial and bibliographic assistance with this paper. NR 373 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 17 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-9483 EI 1096-8644 J9 AM J PHYS ANTHROPOL JI Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 159 SU 61 BP 232 EP 274 DI 10.1002/ajpa.22910 PG 43 WC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology SC Anthropology; Evolutionary Biology GA DF3PU UT WOS:000371257900012 ER PT J AU Jeong, U Kim, J Ahn, C Torres, O Liu, X Bhartia, PK Spurr, RJD Haffner, D Chance, K Holben, BN AF Jeong, U. Kim, J. Ahn, C. Torres, O. Liu, X. Bhartia, P. K. Spurr, R. J. D. Haffner, D. Chance, K. Holben, B. N. TI An optimal-estimation-based aerosol retrieval algorithm using OMI near-UV observations SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID OZONE-MONITORING INSTRUMENT; SKY RADIANCE MEASUREMENTS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; PARTICLE NONSPHERICITY; TROPOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; SATELLITE; AERONET; ABSORPTION; MODELS AB An optimal-estimation(OE)-based aerosol retrieval algorithm using the OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) near-ultraviolet observation was developed in this study. The OE-based algorithm has the merit of providing useful estimates of errors simultaneously with the inversion products. Furthermore, instead of using the traditional look-up tables for inversion, it performs online radiative transfer calculations with the VLIDORT (linearized pseudo-spherical vector discrete ordinate radiative transfer code) to eliminate interpolation errors and improve stability. The measurements and inversion products of the Distributed Regional Aerosol Gridded Observation Network campaign in northeast Asia (DRAGON NE-Asia 2012) were used to validate the retrieved aerosol optical thickness (AOT) and single scattering albedo (SSA). The retrieved AOT and SSA at 388 nm have a correlation with the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) products that is comparable to or better than the correlation with the operational product during the campaign. The OE-based estimated error represented the variance of actual biases of AOT at 388 nm between the retrieval and AERONET measurements better than the operational error estimates. The forward model parameter errors were analyzed separately for both AOT and SSA retrievals. The surface reflectance at 388 nm, the imaginary part of the refractive index at 354 nm, and the number fine-mode fraction (FMF) were found to be the most important parameters affecting the retrieval accuracy of AOT, while FMF was the most important parameter for the SSA retrieval. The additional information provided with the retrievals, including the estimated error and degrees of freedom, is expected to be valuable for relevant studies. Detailed advantages of using the OE method were described and discussed in this paper. C1 [Jeong, U.; Kim, J.] Yonsei Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Ahn, C.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA. [Torres, O.; Bhartia, P. K.; Haffner, D.; Holben, B. N.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Liu, X.; Chance, K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Spurr, R. J. D.] RT Solut Inc, 9 Channing St, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Yonsei Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Seoul 120749, South Korea. EM jkim2@yonsei.ac.kr RI Liu, Xiong/P-7186-2014 OI Liu, Xiong/0000-0003-2939-574X FU GEMS program of the Ministry of Environment, Korea; Eco Innovation Program of KEITI [2012000160002] FX This research was supported by the GEMS program of the Ministry of Environment, Korea, and the Eco Innovation Program of KEITI (2012000160002). The authors also acknowledge the KNMI and NASA/GSFC for providing OMI and AERONET data, respectively. Authors also acknowledge all the P. I.s and staff for the contribution to the DRAGON-NE Asia campaign. NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2016 VL 16 IS 1 BP 177 EP 193 DI 10.5194/acp-16-177-2016 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DF3YG UT WOS:000371283900012 ER PT J AU Jimenez, H Dumas, P Mouillot, D Bigot, L Ferraris, J AF Jimenez, Haizea Dumas, Pascal Mouillot, David Bigot, Lionel Ferraris, Jocelyne TI Harvesting effects on functional structure and composition of tropical invertebrate assemblages SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE BTA; marine protected areas; shellfishing; species composition; tropical benthos ID CORAL-REEF ECOSYSTEMS; UPPER RHONE RIVER; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; BIOLOGICAL TRAITS; SPECIES TRAITS; COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS; BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES; HUMAN EXPLOITATION; PROTECTED AREAS; MARINE BENTHOS AB Anthropogenic disturbances affect ecosystem structure and functioning. The quantification of their impacts on highly diverse and structurally complex ecosystems, such as coral reefs, is challenging. These communities are facing rising fishing pressure, particularly on Pacific Islands such as New Caledonia. The main objective was to quantify harvesting effects on invertebrate assemblages across two contrasting habitats (soft-and hard-bottom), by comparing communities in marine protected areas (MPAs) with non-MPAs using 10 biological and ecological traits. Patterns of trait composition were compared with those of species composition by non-metric multidimensional scaling and permutational analysis of variance analyses. Traits most responsible for differences between MPAs and non-MPAs were determined using SIMPER analysis, and predictions on shellfishing effects were discussed. A total of 248 species were recorded in hard-bottom communities, mainly characterized by mobile epifauna living on corals, crawling, and possessing a shell (molluscs) or a cuticle (crabs and echinoderms). Soft-bottom habitats contained 166 species, dominated by burrowing and sedentary species, especially shelled (largely bivalves) and worm-like organisms. Clear differences in species and trait composition between MPA and non-MPAs were highlighted in both habitats. Harvesting activities have community-wide effects that change the functional composition of invertebrate assemblages, in particular in terms of living habits and mobility. The observed shifts in benthic communities can affect the functioning of tropical coastal ecosystems and need to be included in small-scale fisheries management in poorly known tropical environments. C1 [Jimenez, Haizea; Dumas, Pascal] IRD, UMR ENTROPIE, Lab Excellence LabEx CORAIL, 101 Promenade Roger Laroque,BP A5, Noumea 98848, New Caledonia. [Jimenez, Haizea] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 3150 Paradise Dr, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA. [Mouillot, David] Univ Montpellier, UMR IRD CNRS UM IFREMER 9190, MARBEC, F-34095 Montpellier, France. [Mouillot, David] James Cook Univ, Australian Res Council, Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Bigot, Lionel] Univ La Reunion, UMR ENTROPIE, Lab Excellence LabEx CORAIL, Ave Rene Cassin,BP 7151, F-97715 St Denis, France. [Ferraris, Jocelyne] Univ Perpignan, IRD, UMR ENTROPIE, Lab Excellence LabEx CORAIL, Via Domitia,52 Ave Paul Alduy, F-66860 Perpignan 9, France. RP Jimenez, H (reprint author), IRD, UMR ENTROPIE, Lab Excellence LabEx CORAIL, 101 Promenade Roger Laroque,BP A5, Noumea 98848, New Caledonia.; Jimenez, H (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 3150 Paradise Dr, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA. EM haizea.jimenez@gmail.com OI Dumas, Pascal/0000-0001-7369-8989 FU CRISP program; PAMPA program; GAIUS program; Eusko Jaurlaritza/Gobierno Vasco FX This research was supported by the CRISP, PAMPA, and GAIUS programmes and by a PhD grant from Eusko Jaurlaritza/Gobierno Vasco. NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 18 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1054-3139 EI 1095-9289 J9 ICES J MAR SCI JI ICES J. Mar. Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 73 IS 2 BP 420 EP 428 DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsv179 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA DF2AN UT WOS:000371141600023 ER PT J AU Didham, RK Leather, SR Basset, Y AF Didham, Raphael K. Leather, Simon R. Basset, Yves TI Circle the bandwagons - challenges mount against the theoretical foundations of applied functional trait and ecosystem service research SO INSECT CONSERVATION AND DIVERSITY LA English DT Editorial Material ID COMMUNITY ECOLOGY; CONSERVATION; INSECTS; SCIENCE; SCALE C1 [Didham, Raphael K.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Anim Biol, Crawley, WA, Australia. [Didham, Raphael K.] Ctr Environm & Life Sci, CSIRO Land & Water, Floreat, WA, Australia. [Leather, Simon R.] Harper Adams Univ, Dept Crop & Environm Sci, Newport, Shrops, England. [Basset, Yves] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Didham, RK (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Anim Biol, Crawley, WA, Australia.; Didham, RK (reprint author), Ctr Environm & Life Sci, CSIRO Land & Water, Floreat, WA, Australia. RI Basset, Yves/B-6642-2014; Didham, Raphael/B-5953-2011 NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1752-458X EI 1752-4598 J9 INSECT CONSERV DIVER JI Insect. Conserv. Divers. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 9 IS 1 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1111/icad.12150 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Entomology GA DF3DB UT WOS:000371222800001 ER PT J AU Luhring, TM Connette, GM Schalk, CM AF Luhring, Thomas M. Connette, Grant M. Schalk, Christopher M. TI Trap characteristics and species morphology explain size-biased sampling of two salamander species SO AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA LA English DT Article DE Amphiuma means; body size; detection probability; inventory; passive trapping; population monitoring; sampling bias; Siren lacertina ID SIREN SIREN-LACERTINA; AMPHIUMA-MEANS; FUNNEL TRAPS; BODY-SIZE; GREATER SIREN; AQUATIC SALAMANDERS; CAPTURE RATES; BIRD COUNTS; DIMORPHISM; EFFICIENCY AB Demographic studies often depend on sampling techniques providing representative samples from populations. However, the sequence of events leading up to a successful capture or detection is susceptible to biases introduced through individual-level behaviour or physiology. Passive sampling techniques may be especially prone to sampling bias caused by size-related phenomena (e.g., physical limitations on trap entrance). We tested for size-biased sampling among five types of passive traps using a 9-year data set for two species of aquatic salamanders that have a 20 and 61 fold change in length over their ontogeny (Amphiuma means, Siren lacertina). Size-biased trapping was evident for both species, with body size distributions (body length mean and SD) of captured individuals differing among sampling techniques. Because our two species differed in girth at similar lengths, we were able to show that size biases (in length) were most likely caused by girth limitations on trap entry rates, and potentially by differences in retention rates. Accounting for the biases of sampling techniques may be critical when assessing current population status and demographic change. C1 [Luhring, Thomas M.; Schalk, Christopher M.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Luhring, Thomas M.] Univ Nebraska, Biol Sci, 410 Manter Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Connette, Grant M.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Schalk, Christopher M.] Texas A&M Univ, Biodivers Res & Teaching Collect, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, 210 Nagle Hall, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Luhring, TM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.; Luhring, TM (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Biol Sci, 410 Manter Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM tomluhring@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation [DBI-0453493]; American Museum of Natural History's Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Fund; University of Missouri; Savannah River Ecology Laboratory [DE-FC09-96SR18-546] FX We thank all of the people that have helped with sampling efforts at Dry Bay over the past 9 years. Special thanks are due to K. Buhlmann, B. Crawford, J. Greene, B. Morris, P. Nicodemo, S. Poppy, L. Smith, and J.W. Gibbons for their help and support with these efforts. Animals were collected under South Carolina Department of Natural Resources Scientific Collection permit G-08-07, and procedures used were approved by the University of Georgia (AUP approval #2006-10069). We thank R. McLaughlin for his helpful review of the article. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (DBI-0453493), the American Museum of Natural History's Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Fund (awarded to TML), The University of Missouri's Life Sciences Fellowship and TWA Fellowship (awarded to TML), the Savannah River Ecology Laboratory under Financial Assistance Award DE-FC09-96SR18-546 between the University of Georgia and the US Department of Energy. We also thank K. O'Donnell for helpful suggestions for the conceptual model. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0173-5373 EI 1568-5381 J9 AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA JI Amphib. Reptil. PY 2016 VL 37 IS 1 BP 79 EP 89 DI 10.1163/15685381-00003034 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DE9JT UT WOS:000370953600008 ER PT S AU Costa, DP Schwarz, L Robinson, P Schick, RS Morris, PA Condit, R Crocker, DE Kilpatrick, AM AF Costa, Daniel P. Schwarz, Lisa Robinson, Patrick Schick, Robert S. Morris, Patricia A. Condit, Richard Crocker, Daniel E. Kilpatrick, A. Marm BE Popper, AN Hawkins, A TI A Bioenergetics Approach to Understanding the Population Consequences of Disturbance: Elephant Seals as a Model System SO EFFECTS OF NOISE ON AQUATIC LIFE II SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on the Effects of Noise on Aquatic Life CY AUG, 2013 CL Budapest, HUNGARY SP Fisheries Joint Management Comm, Natl Oceanog & Atmospher Adm, Natl Sci Fdn, NAVFAC, Off Naval Res, Off Naval Res Global, Acoust Soc Amer, Aquat Noise Trust, Discovery Sound Sea, Co Biologists, Univ Maryland, Coll Chem & Life Sci, Ctr Comparat & Evolutionary Biol Hearing DE Population consequences of acoustic disturbance; Acoustic disturbance; Behavior; Sea lion; Demography ID BEHAVIOR AB Using long-term empirical data, we developed a complete population consequences of acoustic disturbance (PCAD) model and application for northern elephant seals. We assumed that the animals would not successfully forage while in a 100-km-diameter disturbance region within their foraging and transit paths. The decrease in lipid gain due to exposure was then translated to changes in birth rate and pup survival. Given their large foraging range, elephant seals were resilient to such a disturbance, showing no population-level effects. However, similar track analysis showed that given their more coastal nature, California sea lions were within a 25-km-diameter region of disturbance more often. C1 [Costa, Daniel P.; Schwarz, Lisa; Robinson, Patrick; Morris, Patricia A.; Kilpatrick, A. Marm] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Schick, Robert S.] Univ St Andrews, Ctr Res Ecol & Environm Modelling, St Andrews KY16 9LZ, Fife, Scotland. [Condit, Richard] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Panama Unit 0948, APO, AA 34002 USA. [Crocker, Daniel E.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Biol, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. RP Costa, DP (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. EM costa@ucsc.edu; schwarz@biology.ucsc.edu; robinson@biology.ucsc.edu; rss5@st-andrews.ac.uk; pamorris@ucsc.edu; conditr@gmail.com; crocker@sonoma.edu; akilpatr@ucsc.edu FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-08-1-1195]; Exploration and Production (E&P) Sound and Marine Life Joint Industry Programme of the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers; ExxonMobil company; Shell oil company; Ida Benson Lynn Chair in Ocean Health FX This paper was developed in association with the Office of Naval Research-supported population consequences of acoustic disturbance/population consequences of disturbance (PCAD/PCOD) committee and was supported by Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-08-1-1195, the Exploration and Production (E&P) Sound and Marine Life Joint Industry Programme of the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers, ExxonMobil and Shell oil companies, and the Ida Benson Lynn Chair in Ocean Health. We also acknowledge the University of California Natural Reserve System and the rangers of Ano Nuevo Reserve. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0065-2598 BN 978-1-4939-2981-8; 978-1-4939-2980-1 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2016 VL 875 BP 161 EP 169 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-2981-8_19 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BE2TA UT WOS:000370000900020 PM 26610956 ER PT S AU Ketten, DR Arruda, J Cramer, S Yamato, M AF Ketten, D. R. Arruda, J. Cramer, S. Yamato, M. BE Popper, AN Hawkins, A TI Great Ears: Low-Frequency Sensitivity Correlates in Land and Marine Leviathans SO EFFECTS OF NOISE ON AQUATIC LIFE II SE Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on the Effects of Noise on Aquatic Life CY AUG, 2013 CL Budapest, HUNGARY SP Fisheries Joint Management Comm, Natl Oceanog & Atmospher Adm, Natl Sci Fdn, NAVFAC, Off Naval Res, Off Naval Res Global, Acoust Soc Amer, Aquat Noise Trust, Discovery Sound Sea, Co Biologists, Univ Maryland, Coll Chem & Life Sci, Ctr Comparat & Evolutionary Biol Hearing DE Low frequency; Hearing; Whales; Impacts ID COCHLEA; COILING; LENGTH; CALLS AB Like elephants, baleen whales produce low-frequency (LF) and even infrasonic (IF) signals, suggesting they may be particularly susceptible to underwater anthropogenic sound impacts. Analyses of computerized tomography scans and histologies of the ears in five baleen whale and two elephant species revealed that LF thresholds correlate with basilar membrane thickness/width and cochlear radii ratios. These factors are consistent with high-mass, low-stiffness membranes and broad spiral curvatures, suggesting that Mysticeti and Proboscidea evolved common inner ear adaptations over similar time scales for processing IF/LF sounds despite operating in different media. C1 [Ketten, D. R.; Arruda, J.; Cramer, S.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Ketten, D. R.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Ketten, D. R.] Curtin Univ, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Arruda, J.] Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirm, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Yamato, M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20004 USA. RP Ketten, DR (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.; Ketten, DR (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA.; Ketten, DR (reprint author), Curtin Univ, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. EM dketten@whoi.edu; jarruda@whoi.edu; scramer@whoi.edu; YamatoM@si.edu FU Office of Naval Research; National Institutes of Health (NIH); International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (OGP) Joint Industry Programme; National Institute of Deafness and Communication Disorders (NIDCD), NIH FX This work was supported by the Office of Naval Research, the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (OGP) Joint Industry Programme, and the National Institute of Deafness and Communication Disorders (NIDCD), NIH. We are grateful to Jennifer O'Malley, Barbara Burgess, and Diane DeLeo Jones for assistance with the histology and to Clarinda Northrup, the Cape Cod Stranding Network, and the International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW) for providing specimens. Above all, we acknowledge the mentorship and inspiration of our colleague Hezy Shoshani, who was a giant among his beloved leviathans and colleagues. He died in defense of his life's work and is sorely missed. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 10 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0065-2598 BN 978-1-4939-2981-8; 978-1-4939-2980-1 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2016 VL 875 BP 529 EP 538 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-2981-8_64 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BE2TA UT WOS:000370000900065 PM 26611001 ER PT J AU He, ZH Kays, R Zhang, Z Ning, GH Huang, C Han, TX Millspaugh, J Forrester, T McShea, W AF He, Zhihai Kays, Roland Zhang, Zhi Ning, Guanghan Huang, Chen Han, Tony X. Millspaugh, Josh Forrester, Tavis McShea, William TI Visual Informatics Tools for Supporting Large-Scale Collaborative Wildlife Monitoring with Citizen Scientists SO IEEE CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article ID SENSOR NETWORKS; VIDEO; TRACKING; SYSTEM; CRITTERCAM; BEHAVIOR; DESIGN; MODELS; DEER AB Collaborative wildlife monitoring and tracking at large scales will help us understand the complex dynamics of wildlife systems, evaluate the impact of human actions and environmental changes on wildlife species, and answer many important ecological and evolutionary research questions. To support collaborative wildlife monitoring and research, we need to develop integrated camera-sensor networking systems, deploy them at large scales, and develop advanced computational and informatics tools to analyze and manage the massive wildlife monitoring data. In this paper, we will cover various aspects of the design of such systems, including (1) long-lived integrated camera-sensor system design, (2) image processing and computer vision algorithms for animal detection, segmentation, tracking, species classification, and biometric feature extraction, (3) cloud-based data management, (4) crowd-sourcing based image annotation with citizen scientists, and (5) applications to wildlife and ecological research. C1 [He, Zhihai] Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kays, Roland] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kays, Roland] NC Museum Nat Sci, Biodivers Lab, Raleigh, NC USA. [Zhang, Zhi; Ning, Guanghan; Huang, Chen] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Han, Tony X.] Univ Missouri, Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Millspaugh, Josh] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Wildlife Management, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Millspaugh, Josh] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Forrester, Tavis; McShea, William] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP He, ZH (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1531-636X EI 1558-0830 J9 IEEE CIRC SYST MAG JI IEEE Circuits Syst. Mag. PY 2016 VL 16 IS 1 BP 73 EP 86 DI 10.1109/MCAS.2015.2510200 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA DE9CS UT WOS:000370933600006 ER PT J AU Gary, SP Jian, LK Broiles, TW Stevens, ML Podesta, JJ Kasper, JC AF Gary, S. Peter Jian, Lan K. Broiles, Thomas W. Stevens, Michael L. Podesta, John J. Kasper, Justin C. TI Ion-driven instabilities in the solar wind: Wind observations of 19 March 2005 SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE solar wind; instabilities ID PROTON TEMPERATURE ANISOTROPY; ELECTROMAGNETIC INSTABILITIES; MAGNETOSONIC INSTABILITY; CYCLOTRON WAVES; PLASMA; BEAM; CONSTRAINT; SPACECRAFT; STABILITY; STREAMS AB Intervals of enhanced magnetic fluctuations have been frequently observed in the solar wind. But it remains an open question as to whether these waves are generated at the Sun and then transported outward by the solar wind or generated locally in the interplanetary medium. Magnetic field and plasma measurements from the Wind spacecraft under slow solar wind conditions on 19 March 2005 demonstrate seven events of enhanced magnetic fluctuations at spacecraft-frame frequencies somewhat above the proton cyclotron frequency and propagation approximately parallel or antiparallel to the background magnetic field B-o. The proton velocity distributions during these events are characterized by two components: a more dense, slower core and a less dense, faster beam. Observed plasma parameters are used in a kinetic linear dispersion equation analysis for electromagnetic fluctuations at k x B-o=0; for two events the most unstable mode is the Alfven-cyclotron instability driven by a proton component temperature anisotropy T/T-||>1 (where the subscripts denote directions relative to B-o), and for three events the most unstable mode is the right-hand polarized magnetosonic instability driven primarily by ion component relative flows. Thus, both types of ion anisotropies and both types of instabilities are likely to be local sources of these enhanced fluctuation events in the solar wind. C1 [Gary, S. Peter; Podesta, John J.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO USA. [Jian, Lan K.] Univ Maryland, Goddard Planetary Heliophys Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Jian, Lan K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Broiles, Thomas W.] Southwest Res Inst, San Antonio, TX USA. [Stevens, Michael L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kasper, Justin C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Gary, SP (reprint author), Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO USA. EM pgary@lanl.gov RI Jian, Lan/B-4053-2010; OI Jian, Lan/0000-0002-6849-5527; Broiles, Thomas/0000-0001-6910-2724 FU NASA [NNX15AB75G, NNX13AI65G] FX The research efforts of S.P.G., L.K.J., and T.W.B. were supported by the NASA Living with a Star project NNX15AB75G entitled "Understanding Wave-Particle Interactions between Solar Wind Plasma Waves and Heavy Ions." L.K.J.'s work was also supported by NASA award NNX13AI65G. The observational data for magnetic fields used herein are available at NASA National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC). The observations of plasma parameters are available from Michael Stevens, and the dispersion relations computed from linear theory are available from S. Peter Gary. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 121 IS 1 BP 30 EP 41 DI 10.1002/2015JA021935 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DF2CJ UT WOS:000371146900003 PM 27818854 ER PT S AU Tonitto, C Gurwick, NP Woodbury, PB AF Tonitto, Christina Gurwick, Noel P. Woodbury, Peter B. BE DelGrosso, SJ Ahuja, LR Parton, WJ TI Quantifying Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Agricultural and Forest Landscapes for Policy Development and Verification SO SYNTHESIS AND MODELING OF GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AND CARBON STORAGE IN AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST SYSTEMS TO GUIDE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION SE Advances in Agricultural Systems Modeling-Transdisciplinary Research Synthesis and Applications LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; CENTRAL GREAT-PLAINS; MATHEMATICAL-MODEL ECOSYS; MISSISSIPPI RIVER-BASIN; CO2 ENRICHMENT FACE; ROW-CROP FIELD; DRAINED ILLINOIS AGROECOSYSTEMS; TERRESTRIAL CARBON STORAGE; HARVESTED WOOD PRODUCTS AB The emergence of policies to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions motivated a rapid shift in ecosystem modeling, especially concerning agricultural and forest management effects on nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and soil carbon (C). First, we review models for estimating GHG fluxes in agricultural and forest landscapes. Second, we investigate the interplay of models with institutions that develop and implement climate change policy. Limited GHG flux observations constrain our understanding of process controls, especially with respect to N2O flux. Even when simulation models explicitly include N2O flux, this capability is infrequently applied or validated. In the policy arena, tools used to estimate aboveground forest biomass C rely on robust inventory data. Such data are scarce outside of the industrialized world. Compared with biomass C, soil C storage in both forest and agricultural systems is difficult to quantify. Widely used estimates depend on critical assumptions such as the extent to which erosion contributes to C loss from fields and the mechanisms by which C is stabilized in soil, both of which are the subject of serious debate. As evidenced by at least one instance we explore, institutions dedicated to policy development and implementation can rapidly achieve a nuanced understanding of these limitations, given sufficient engagement of the research community. Our review illuminates challenges that affect land-based GHG mitigation initiatives as a result of current knowledge gaps, institutional capacity, and decision-making frameworks. We suggest key points that should be communicated to model users and raise questions that could be fruitfully addressed by model developers and consumers of modeled estimates. C1 [Tonitto, Christina] Cornell Univ, Cornell Int Inst Food Agr & Dev, Mann Lib B75, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Gurwick, Noel P.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Woodbury, Peter B.] Cornell Univ, Sect Soil & Crop Sci, Sch Integrat Plant Sci, 1017 Bradfield Hall,306 Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Tonitto, C (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Cornell Int Inst Food Agr & Dev, Mann Lib B75, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM ctonitto@cornell.edu; noel.gurwick@gmail.com; peterwoodbury@cornell.edu NR 356 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 2163-2774 BN 978-0-89118-346-4; 978-0-89118-345-7 J9 ADV AGR SYST MODEL PY 2016 VL 6 BP 229 EP 304 DI 10.2134/advagricsystmodel6.2013.0007 D2 10.2134/advagricsystmodel6 PG 76 WC Agronomy; Environmental Sciences; Forestry SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BE3JL UT WOS:000370803600012 ER PT J AU Post, JE Thomas, E Heaney, PJ AF Post, Jeffrey E. Thomas, Ellen Heaney, Peter J. TI Jianshuiite in oceanic manganese nodules at the Paleocene-Eocene boundary SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST LA English DT Article DE Jianshuiite; birnessite; paleocene-eocene thermal maximum (PETM); X-ray diffraction ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; THERMAL MAXIMUM; FERROMANGANESE NODULES; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; CS-EXCHANGE; DEEP-SEA; CHALCOPHANITE; SEDIMENTS; BIRNESSITE; MECHANISMS AB Synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy examinations of manganese oxide concretions/nodules (similar to 0.3-1.0 mm diameter) from ODP Site 1262 on Walvis Ridge in the Southeastern Atlantic Ocean revealed that they consist primarily of the layered Mn oxide phase jianshuiite [(Mg,Mn,Ca)Mn(3+)07 center dot 3H(2)O]. The nodules are from an interval with severe carbonate dissolution that represents the Paleocene/Eocene (P/E) thermal maximum (-55.8 Ma). Most nodules from the middle of the carbonate dissolution interval contain internal open space, and consist almost entirely of euhedral plate -like jianshuiite crystals, 2-4 pm in diameter and similar to 0.1-0.5 pm thick. Backscattered electron images and energy -dispersive X-ray analyses revealed stacks of interleaved Al -rich and Al poor jianshuiite crystals in some nodules. The crystals in other nodules contain predominantly Mg (with trace K and Al) in addition to Mn and 0, making them near "end -member" jianshuiite. Rietveld refinements in space group R3 confirmed the isostructural relationship between jianshuiite and chalcophanite, with Mg occupying the interlayer position above and below the vacant sites in the Mn/O octahedral sheet, and coordinated to 3 octahedral layer O atoms (1.94 angstrom) and 3 interlayer water 0 atoms (2.13 angstrom). Final refined occupancy factors suggest that small quantities of Ni and possibly Mn2+ are located on the Mg site. The transient appearance of the Mg -rich birnessite-like phase jianshuiite, probably abiotically produced, must indicate an exceptional transient change in the chemistry of the pore fluids within deep ocean sediments directly following the P/E boundary, possibly as a result of decreasing oxygen levels and pH, followed by a return to pre -event conditions. C1 [Post, Jeffrey E.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Thomas, Ellen] Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, POB 208109, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Thomas, Ellen] Wesleyan Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 265 Church St, Middletown, CT 06459 USA. [Heaney, Peter J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Post, JE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM postj@si.edu FU NSF [EAR07-45374, EAR11-47728, OCE 1232413]; U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Materials Sciences and Division of Chemical Sciences [DE-AC02-98CH10886] FX Funding for this research was provided by NSF grants EAR07-45374 and EAR11-47728 to Heaney and Post, and NSF grant OCE 1232413 to Thomas. Thanks go to Peter Eng and Joanne Stubbs at APS beamline 13-BM-C for their assistance with the X-ray diffraction experiment, to Joop Varekamp at Wesleyan University for first noticing the crystalline Mn oxides using the electron microscope facilities at the University of Oregon (Eugene, Oregon), and to Isabella Raffi at the Universita degli Studi G_dAnnunzio, Chieti e Pescara (Italy) for identification of calcareous nannofossils. This research was carried out at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, which is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Division of Materials Sciences and Division of Chemical Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886. Samples were provided by the International Ocean Discovery Program. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 9 PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER PI CHANTILLY PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA SN 0003-004X EI 1945-3027 J9 AM MINERAL JI Am. Miner. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 101 IS 1-2 BP 407 EP 414 DI 10.2138/am-2016-5347 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA DD8YT UT WOS:000370213500038 ER PT J AU de Barros, S Vanzella, E Amorin, R Castellano, M Siana, B Grazian, A Suh, H Balestra, I Vignali, C Verhamme, A Zamorani, G Mignoli, M Hasinger, G Comastri, A Pentericci, L Perez-Montero, E Fontana, A Giavalisco, M Gilli, R AF de Barros, S. Vanzella, E. Amorin, R. Castellano, M. Siana, B. Grazian, A. Suh, H. Balestra, I. Vignali, C. Verhamme, A. Zamorani, G. Mignoli, M. Hasinger, G. Comastri, A. Pentericci, L. Perez-Montero, E. Fontana, A. Giavalisco, M. Gilli, R. TI An extreme [O III] emitter at z=3.2: a low metallicity Lyman continuum source SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: ISM; galaxies: starburst ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; LY-ALPHA EMISSION; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; HIGH-REDSHIFT GALAXIES; SIMILAR-TO 2-3; SPECTROSCOPIC PARALLEL SURVEY; EXTRAGALACTIC LEGACY SURVEY; FRAME ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTRA; SURVEY. SURVEY DESIGN AB Aims. Cosmic reionization is an important process occurring in the early epochs of the Universe. However, because of observational limitations due to the opacity of the intergalactic medium to Lyman continuum photons, the nature of ionizing sources is still not well constrained. While high-redshift star-forming galaxies are thought to he the main contributors to the ionizing background at z > 6, it is impossible to directly detect their ionizing emission. Therefore, looking at intermediate redshift analogues (z similar to 2-4) can provide useful hints about cosmic reionization. Methods. We investigate the physical properties of one of the best Lyman continuum emitter candidate at z = 3.212 found in the GOODS-S/CANDELS field with photometric coverage from the U to the MIPS 24 mu m band and VIMOS/VI:17 and.MOSEIRE/Keck spectroscopy. These observations allow us to derive physical properties such as stellar mass, star formation rate, age of the stellar population, dust attenuation, metallicity, and ionization parameter, and to determine how these parameters are related to the Lyman continuum emission. Results. Investigation of the UV spectrum confirms a direct spectroscopic detection of the Lyman continuum emission with S /N > 5. Non-zero Lya flux at the systemic redshift and high Lyman-alpha escape fraction (f(esc))LYa) >= 0.78) suggest a low H I column density. The weak C and Si low-ionization absorption lines are also consistent with a low covering fraction along the line of sight. The subsolar abundances are consistent with a young and extreme starbiu-st. The [O HI]lambda lambda 14959, 5007+H beta equivalent width (EW) is one of the largest reported for a galaxy at z > 3 (EW(O [III)lambda lambda 4959, 5007 + H beta) 1600 A. rest-frame; 6700 A observed-frame) and the near-infrared spectrum shows that this is mainly due to an extremely strong [O III] emission. The large observed [0 HMO Ill ratio (>10) and high ionization parameter are consistent with prediction from photoionization models in the case of a density-bounded nebula scenario. Furthermore, the EW([O III] lambda lambda 4959,5007+beta) is comparable to recent measurements reported at z 7-9, in the reionization epoch. We also investigate the possibility of an AGN contribution to explain the ionizing emission but most of the AGN identification diagnostics suggest that stellar emission dominates instead. Conclusions. This source is currently the first high -z example of a Lyman continuum emitter exhibiting indirect and direct evidences of a Lyman continuum leakage and having physical properties consistent with theoretical expectation from Lyman continuum emission from a density-hounded nebula. A low Ell column density, low covering fraction, compact star formation activity, and a possible interaction/merging of two systems may contribute to the Lyman continuum photon leakage. C1 [de Barros, S.; Vanzella, E.; Vignali, C.; Zamorani, G.; Mignoli, M.; Comastri, A.; Gilli, R.] Osservatorio Astron Bologna, INAF, Via Ranzani 1, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Amorin, R.; Castellano, M.; Grazian, A.; Pentericci, L.] Osserv Astron Roma, INAF, Via Frascati 33, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Siana, B.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Phys & Astron, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Suh, H.; Fontana, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Balestra, I.] Osserv Astron Trieste, INAF, Via GB Tiepolo 11, I-34131 Trieste, Italy. [Vignali, C.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Viale Berti Pichat 6-2, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Verhamme, A.] Univ Geneva, Observ Geneva, Ch Maillettes 51, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Hasinger, G.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, 2680 Woodlawn Dr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Perez-Montero, E.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Apartado Correos 3004, E-18080 Granada, Spain. [Giavalisco, M.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP de Barros, S (reprint author), Osservatorio Astron Bologna, INAF, Via Ranzani 1, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. EM stephane.debarros@oabo.inaf.it OI Amorin, Ricardo O./0000-0001-5758-1000; Zamorani, Giovanni/0000-0002-2318-301X; Perez Montero, E/0000-0003-3985-4882 FU PRIN-INAF FX We thank the referee for suggestions that clarify the text and the analysis. We thank M. Tosi, F. Annibali, M. Brusa and H. Atek for useful discussions. We acknowledge the financial contribution from PRIN-INAF 2012. This work has made use of the Rainbow Cosmological Surveys Database, which is operated by the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), partnered with the University of California Observatories at Santa Cruz (UCO/Lick, UCSC). NR 136 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 585 AR A51 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/20157046 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DD1VI UT WOS:000369710300058 ER PT J AU Diaz, RF Segransan, D Udry, S Lovis, C Pepe, F Dumusque, X Marmier, M Alonso, R Benz, W Bouchy, F Net, ACF Cameron, AC Deleuil, M Figueira, P Gillon, M Lo Curto, G Mayor, M Mordasini, C Motalebi, F Moutou, C Pollacco, D Pompei, E Queloz, D Santos, N Wyttenbach, A AF Diaz, R. F. Segransan, D. Udry, S. Lovis, C. Pepe, F. Dumusque, X. Marmier, M. Alonso, R. Benz, W. Bouchy, F. Net, A. Co Ffi Cameron, A. Collier Deleuil, M. Figueira, P. Gillon, M. Lo Curto, G. Mayor, M. Mordasini, C. Motalebi, F. Moutou, C. Pollacco, D. Pompei, E. Queloz, D. Santos, N. Wyttenbach, A. TI The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets XXXVIII. Bayesian re-analysis of three systems. New super-Earths, unconfirmed signals, and magnetic cycles SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE techniques: radial velocities; methods: data analysis; methods: statistical; planetary systems ID CA-II H; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; M-CIRCLE-PLUS; RADIAL-VELOCITY; HABITABLE-ZONE; STELLAR ACTIVITY; CHROMOSPHERIC ACTIVITY; MARGINAL LIKELIHOOD; GIANT PLANET; MASS PLANETS AB We present the analysis of the entire HARPS observations of three stars that host planetary systems: HD1461, HD40307, and HD204313. The data set spans eight years and contains more than 200 nightly averaged velocity measurements for each star. This means that it is sensitive to both long-period and low-mass planets and also to the effects induced by stellar activity cycles. We modelled the data using Keplerian functions that correspond to planetary candidates and included the short-and long-term effects of magnetic activity. A Bayesian approach was taken both for the data modelling, which allowed us to include information from activity proxies such as log (R'(HK)) in the velocity modelling, and for the model selection, which permitted determining the number of significant signals in the system. The Bayesian model comparison overcomes the limitations inherent to the traditional periodogram analysis. We report an additional super-Earth planet in the HD1461 system. Four out of the six planets previously reported for HD40307 are confirmed and characterised. We discuss the remaining two proposed signals. In particular, we show that when the systematic uncertainty associated with the techniques for estimating model probabilities are taken into account, the current data are not conclusive concerning the existence of the habitable-zone candidate HD40307 g. We also fully characterise the Neptune-mass planet that orbits HD204313 in 34.9 days. C1 [Diaz, R. F.; Segransan, D.; Udry, S.; Lovis, C.; Pepe, F.; Dumusque, X.; Marmier, M.; Bouchy, F.; Net, A. Co Ffi; Mayor, M.; Motalebi, F.; Queloz, D.; Wyttenbach, A.] Univ Geneva, Observ Astron, 51 Ch Maillettes, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Dumusque, X.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Alonso, R.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, Tenerife 38205, Spain. [Alonso, R.] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain. [Benz, W.; Mordasini, C.] Univ Bern, Inst Phys, Silderstr 5, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Bouchy, F.; Deleuil, M.; Moutou, C.] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Cameron, A. Collier] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Figueira, P.; Santos, N.] Univ Porto, CAUP, Inst Astrofis & Ciencias Espaco, Rua Estrelas, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal. [Gillon, M.] Univ Liege, Inst Astrophys & Geophys, Allee 6 Aout 17,Bat B5C, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. [Lo Curto, G.; Pompei, E.] European So Observ, 3107 Alonso Cordova,Casilla 19001, Santiago 19, Chile. [Moutou, C.] Canada France Hawaii Telescope Corp, POB 1597, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA. [Pollacco, D.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Queloz, D.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, JJ Thomson Ave, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Santos, N.] Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis & Astron, Rua Campo Alegre, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. RP Diaz, RF (reprint author), Univ Geneva, Observ Astron, 51 Ch Maillettes, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. EM Rodrigo.Diaz@unige.ch RI Figueira, Pedro/J-4916-2013; Alonso, Roi/D-8799-2014; OI Figueira, Pedro/0000-0001-8504-283X; Alonso, Roi/0000-0001-8462-8126; Cameron, Andrew/0000-0002-8863-7828; Diaz, Rodrigo/0000-0001-9289-5160 FU Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); European Union [313014]; SNSF; Swiss National Science Foundation [BSSIO_155816]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) through Investigador FCT [IF/01037/2013, IF/00169/2012]; POPH/FSE (EC) by FEDER through the program "Programa Operacional de Factores de Competitividade - COMPETE"; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) [IF/01037/2013CP1191/CT0001] FX We acknowledge Ewan Cameron (Oxford) for bringing the Perrakis et al. (2014) estimator to our attention and for his help in understanding the limitations of the TPM estimator. This work has been carried out within the frame of the National Centre for Competence in Research "PlanetS" supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF). It made use of the Data Analyses Center for Exoplanets - http://dace.unige.ch - a platform of PlanetS. R.F.D. acknowledges funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant agreement number 313014 (ETAEARTH). S.U., C.L., D.S., F.P., C.M. and A.W. acknowledge the financial support of the SNSF. CM acknowledges the support of the Swiss National Science Foundation under grant BSSIO_155816 "PlanetsInTime". We thank the University of Geneva for their continuous support to our planet search programmes. M. Gillon is Research Associate at the FNRS. P.F. and N.C.S. acknowledge support by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) through Investigador FCT contracts of reference IF/01037/2013 and IF/00169/2012, respectively, and POPH/FSE (EC) by FEDER funding through the program "Programa Operacional de Factores de Competitividade - COMPETE". P.F. further acknowledges support from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) in the form of an exploratory project of reference IF/01037/2013CP1191/CT0001. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database and of the VizieR catalogue access tool operated at CDS, France. NR 86 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 585 AR A134 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201526729 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DD1VI UT WOS:000369710300141 ER PT J AU Gusdorf, A Gusten, R Menten, KM Flower, DR des Forets, GP Codella, C Csengeri, T Gomez-Ruiz, AI Heyminck, S Jacobs, K Kristensen, LE Leurini, S Requena-Torres, MA Wampfler, SF Wiesemeyer, H Wyrowski, F AF Gusdorf, A. Guesten, R. Menten, K. M. Flower, D. R. des Forets, G. Pineau Codella, C. Csengeri, T. Gomez-Ruiz, A. I. Heyminck, S. Jacobs, K. Kristensen, L. E. Leurini, S. Requena-Torres, M. A. Wampfler, S. F. Wiesemeyer, H. Wyrowski, F. TI Challenging shock models with SOFIA OH observations in the high-mass star-forming region Cepheus A SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE astrochemistry; stars: formation; ISM: jets and outflows; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; infrared: ISM; ISM: individual objects: Cep A ID MOLECULAR OUTFLOW SOURCES; COLOGNE DATABASE; KEY PROGRAM; CLOUDS; HERSCHEL; WAVES; SPECTROSCOPY; EMISSION; WATER; SIO AB Context. OH is a key molecule in H2O chemistry, a valuable tool for probing physical conditions, and an important contributor to the cooling of shock regions around high-mass protostars. OH participates in the re -distribution of energy from the protostar towards the surrounding Interstellar Medium. Aims. Our aim is to assess the origin of the OH emission from the Cepheus A massive star-forming region and to constrain the physical conditions prevailing in the emitting gas. We thus want to probe the processes at work during the formation of massive stars. Methods. We present spectrally resolved observations of OH towards the protostellar outflows region of Cepheus A with the GREAT spectrometer onboard the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) telescope. Three triplets were observed at 1834.7 GHz, 1837.8 GHz, and 2514.3 GHz (163.4 pm, 163.1 pm between the (II1/2)-I-2 J = 3/2 and J = 1/2 states, and 119.2 pm, a ground transition between the (2)Pi(3/2) J = 5/2 and J = 3/2 states), at angular resolutions of 16.'3, 16.'3, and 11'.'9, respectively. We also present the CO (16-15) spectrum at the same position. We compared the integrated intensities in the redshifted wings to the results of shock models. Results. The two OH triplets near 163 pm are detected in emission, but with blending hyperfine structure unresolved. Their profiles and that of CO (16-15) can be fitted by a combination of two or three Gaussians. The observed 119.2 mu m triplet is seen in absorption, since its blending hyperfine structure is unresolved, but with three line-of-sight components and a blueshifted emission wing consistent with that of the other lines. The OH line wings are similar to those of CO, suggesting that they emanate from the same shocked structure. Conclusions. Under this common origin assumption, the observations fall within the model predictions and within the range of use of our model only if we consider that four shock structures are caught in our beam. Overall, our comparisons suggest that all the observations might be consistently fitted by a J-type shock model with a high pre-shock density (nH > 105 cm(3)), a high shock velocity (upsilon(s) > 25 km s(-1)), and with a filling factor of the order of unity. Such a high pre -shock density is generally found in shocks associated to high-mass protostars, contrary to low -mass ones. C1 [Gusdorf, A.] PSL Res Univ, CNRS, UMR 8112, LERMA,Observ Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Gusdorf, A.] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, UMR 8112, LERMA, F-75005 Paris, France. [Guesten, R.; Menten, K. M.; Csengeri, T.; Gomez-Ruiz, A. I.; Heyminck, S.; Leurini, S.; Requena-Torres, M. A.; Wiesemeyer, H.; Wyrowski, F.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Flower, D. R.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [des Forets, G. Pineau] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, UMR 8617, IAS, Batiment 121, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Codella, C.] Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, Largo Enrico Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Jacobs, K.] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, KOSMA, Zulpicher Str 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Kristensen, L. E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Wampfler, S. F.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Ctr Star & Planet Format, Oster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Wampfler, S. F.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Oster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. RP Gusdorf, A (reprint author), PSL Res Univ, CNRS, UMR 8112, LERMA,Observ Paris, F-75014 Paris, France.; Gusdorf, A (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, UMR 8112, LERMA, F-75005 Paris, France. EM antoine.gusdorf@lra.ens.fr RI Kristensen, Lars/F-4774-2011; Wampfler, Susanne/D-2270-2015 OI Kristensen, Lars/0000-0003-1159-3721; Wampfler, Susanne/0000-0002-3151-7657 FU NASA [NAS2-97001]; Deutsches SOFIA Institut, under DLR [50 OK 0901]; French Agence Nationale de la Recherche as part of the SCHISM project [ANR-09-BLAN-0231-01]; CNRS programme "Physique et Chimie du Milieu Interstellaire" FX We thank an anonymous referee and M. Walmsley for comments that helped to improve this paper. We thank the SOFIA operations and the GREAT instrument teams, whose support has been essential for the GREAT accomplishments, and the DSI telescope engineering team. Based (in part) on observations made with the NASA/DLR Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy. SOFIA Science Mission Operations are conducted jointly by the Universities Space Research Association, Inc., under NASA contract NAS2-97001, and the Deutsches SOFIA Institut, under DLR contract 50 OK 0901. We thank N. Cunningham for providing us with the spectacular image of the region. This work was partly funded by grant ANR-09-BLAN-0231-01 from the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche as part of the SCHISM project. It was also partly supported by the CNRS programme "Physique et Chimie du Milieu Interstellaire". NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 585 AR A45 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201425325 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DD1VI UT WOS:000369710300052 ER PT J AU Hendricks, B Boeche, C Johnson, CI Frank, MJ Koch, A Mateo, M Bailey, JI AF Hendricks, Benjamin Boeche, Corrado Johnson, Christian I. Frank, Matthias J. Koch, Andreas Mateo, Mario Bailey, John I., III TI Evidence for a chemical enrichment coupling of globular clusters and field stars in the Fornax dSph SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: individual: Fornax; globular clusters: individual: H4; galaxies: abundances; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: dwarf; stars: abundances ID DWARF SPHEROIDAL GALAXY; GIANT BRANCH DISTANCES; METAL-POOR STARS; RED CLUMP STARS; ABUNDANCE RATIOS; HOMOGENEOUS PHOTOMETRY; DETAILED ABUNDANCES; STELLAR POPULATIONS; INDIVIDUAL STARS; GALACTIC DISC AB The globular cluster H4, located in the center of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy, is crucial for understanding the formation and chemical evolution of star clusters in low-mass galactic environments. H4 is peculiar because the cluster is significantly more metalrich than the galaxy's other clusters, is located near the galaxy center, and may also be the youngest cluster in the galaxy. In this study, we present detailed chemical abundances derived from high-resolution (R similar to 28 000) spectroscopy of an isolated H4 member star for comparison with a sample of 22 nearby Fornax field stars. We find the H4 member to be depleted in the alpha-elements Si, Ca, and Ti with [Si/Fe] = -0.35 +/- 0.34, [Ca/Fe] = +0.05 +/- 0.08, and [Ti/Fe] = -0.27 +/- 0.23, resulting in an average [alpha/Fe] = -0.19 +/- 0.14. If this result is representative of the average cluster properties, H4 is the only known system with a low [alpha/Fe] ratio and a moderately low metallicity embedded in an intact birth environment. For the field stars we find a clear sequence, seen as an early depletion in [alpha/Fe] at low metallicities, in good agreement with previous measurements. H4 falls on top of the observed field star [alpha/Fe] sequence and clearly disagrees with the properties of Milky Way halo stars. We therefore conclude that within a galaxy, the chemical enrichment of globular clusters may be closely linked to the enrichment pattern of the field star population. The low [alpha/Fe] ratios of H4 and similar metallicity field stars in Fornax give evidence that slow chemical enrichment environments, such as dwarf galaxies, may be the original hosts of alpha-depleted clusters in the halos of the Milky Way and M31. C1 [Hendricks, Benjamin; Frank, Matthias J.; Koch, Andreas] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Landessternwarte, Konigstuhl 12, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Boeche, Corrado] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Astron Rechen Inst, Monchhofstr 12-14, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Johnson, Christian I.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,MS-15, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mateo, Mario; Bailey, John I., III] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 1085 South Univ, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Hendricks, B (reprint author), Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Landessternwarte, Konigstuhl 12, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. EM ben.hendricks@lsw.uni-heidelberg.de OI Koch, Andreas/0000-0002-9859-4956 FU NASA [NAS5-26555]; National ScienceFoundation; German Research Foundation (DFG) [Ko 4161/1]; DFG [Sonderforschungsbereich SFB 881]; Clay Fellowship FX We thank Charli Sakari, Hans-Gunter Ludwig, and Morgan Fouesneau for helpful discussions. The HST data used in this paper were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. This publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by NASA and the National ScienceFoundation. B.H., M.F., and A.K. acknowledge the German Research Foundation (DFG) for funding from Emmy-Noether grant Ko 4161/1. This work was in part supported by Sonderforschungsbereich SFB 881 "The Milky Way System" (subproject A5) of the DFG. C.I.J. acknowledges support through the Clay Fellowship administered by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. NR 81 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 585 AR A86 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201526996 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DD1VI UT WOS:000369710300093 ER PT J AU Hussain, GAJ Alvarado-Gomez, JD Grunhut, J Donati, JF Alecian, E Oksala, M Morin, J Fares, R Jardine, M Drake, JJ Cohen, O Matt, S Petit, P Redfield, S Walter, FM AF Hussain, G. A. J. Alvarado-Gomez, J. D. Grunhut, J. Donati, J. -F. Alecian, E. Oksala, M. Morin, J. Fares, R. Jardine, M. Drake, J. J. Cohen, O. Matt, S. Petit, P. Redfield, S. Walter, F. M. TI A spectro-polarimetric study of the planet-hosting G dwarf, HD 147513 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: activity; stars: magnetic field; stars: solar-type; stars: individual: HD 147513; techniques: polarimetric; techniques: radial velocities ID SOLAR-TYPE STARS; ANGULAR-MOMENTUM EVOLUTION; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; URSA-MAJOR GROUP; MAGNETIC-FIELD; ACTIVE STARS; COOL STARS; KINEMATIC GROUPS; ROTATION; EMISSION AB The results from a spectro-polarimetric study of the planet-hosting Sun-like star, HD 147513 (G5V), are presented here. Robust detections of Zeeman signatures at all observed epochs indicate a surface magnetic field, with longitudinal magnetic field strengths varying between 1.0-3.2 G. Radial velocity variations from night to night modulate on a similar timescale to the longitudinal magnetic field measurements. These variations are therefore likely due to the rotational modulation of stellar active regions rather than the much longer timescale of the planetary orbit (P-orb = 528 d). Both the longitudinal magnetic field measurements and radial velocity variations are consistent with a rotation period of 10 +/- 2 days, which are also consistent with the measured chromospheric activity level of the star ('log R-HK' = -4.64). Together, these quantities indicate a low inclination angle, i similar to 18 degrees. We present preliminary magnetic field maps of the star based on the above period and find a simple poloidal large-scale field. Chemical analyses of the star have revealed that it is likely to have undergone a barium-enrichment phase in its evolution because of a higher mass companion. Despite this, our study reveals that the star has a fairly typical activity level for its rotation period and spectral type. Future studies will enable us to explore the long-term evolution of the field, as well as to measure the stellar rotation period, with greater accuracy. C1 [Hussain, G. A. J.; Alvarado-Gomez, J. D.; Grunhut, J.] European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Hussain, G. A. J.; Donati, J. -F.; Petit, P.] Univ Toulouse, Inst Rech Astrophys, UPS OMP, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Alvarado-Gomez, J. D.] Univ Munich, Univ Sternwarte Munchen, Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Donati, J. -F.; Petit, P.] CNRS, Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, 14 Ave Edouard Belin, F-31400 Toulouse, France. [Alecian, E.] Univ Grenoble Alpes, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Alecian, E.] CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Alecian, E.; Oksala, M.] Univ Paris Diderot, UPMC, Observ Paris, LESIA,CNRS,UMR 8109, 5 Pl Jules Janssen, F-92190 Meudon, France. [Morin, J.] CNRS, LUPM UMR 5299, Pl Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier 05, France. [Morin, J.] Univ Montpellier, Pl Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier 05, France. [Fares, R.] Osserv Astrofis Catania, INAF, Via Santa Sofia 78, I-95123 Catania, Italy. [Jardine, M.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Drake, J. J.; Cohen, O.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Matt, S.] Univ Exeter, Dept Phys & Astron, Stocker Rd, Exeter EX4 4QL, Devon, England. [Redfield, S.] Wesleyan Univ, Dept Astron, Van Vleck Observ, 96 Foss Hill Dr, Middletown, CT 06459 USA. [Walter, F. M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Hussain, GAJ (reprint author), European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany.; Hussain, GAJ (reprint author), Univ Toulouse, Inst Rech Astrophys, UPS OMP, F-31400 Toulouse, France. EM ghussain@eso.org OI Alvarado Gomez, Julian David/0000-0001-5052-3473; Petit, Pascal/0000-0001-7624-9222; Morin, Julien/0000-0002-4996-6901; Redfield, Seth/0000-0003-3786-3486; Cohen, Ofer/0000-0003-3721-0215; Matt, Sean/0000-0001-9590-2274 FU ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory [089.D-0138]; IDEX initiative at Universite Federale Toulouse Midi-Pyrenees (UFT-MiP) FX Based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under the programme ID 089.D-0138 and using spectra downloaded from the ESO Science Archive Facility under the request number GHUSSAIN-162114. We also thank the IDEX initiative at Universite Federale Toulouse Midi-Pyrenees (UFT-MiP) for funding the "STEPS" collaboration through the Chaire d'Attractivite programme, which enables G.A.J.H. to carry out regular research visits to Toulouse. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 585 AR A77 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201526595 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DD1VI UT WOS:000369710300084 ER PT J AU Mortier, A Faria, JP Santos, NC Rajpaul, V Figueira, P Boisse, I Cameron, AC Dumusque, X Lo Curto, G Lovis, C Mayor, M Melo, C Pepe, F Queloz, D Santerne, A Segransan, D Sousa, SG Sozzetti, A Udry, S AF Mortier, A. Faria, J. P. Santos, N. C. Rajpaul, V. Figueira, P. Boisse, I. Cameron, A. Collier Dumusque, X. Lo Curto, G. Lovis, C. Mayor, M. Melo, C. Pepe, F. Queloz, D. Santerne, A. Segransan, D. Sousa, S. G. Sozzetti, A. Udry, S. TI The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets XXXIX. HD175607, the most metal-poor G dwarf with an orbiting sub-Neptune SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; stars: individual: HD175607; techniques: radial velocities; stars: solar-type; stars: activity; stars: abundances ID GAUSSIAN PROCESS FRAMEWORK; LOMB-SCARGLE PERIODOGRAM; RADIAL-VELOCITY DATA; CHAIN MONTE-CARLO; STELLAR ACTIVITY; SUPER-EARTHS; SPIN-ORBIT; STARS; METALLICITY; PARAMETERS AB Context. The presence of a small-mass planet (M-p < 0.1 M-Jup) seems, to date, not to depend on metallicity, however, theoretical simulations have shown that stars with subsolar metallicities may be favoured for harbouring smaller planets. A large, dedicated survey of metal-poor stars with the HARPS spectrograph has thus been carried out to search for Neptunes and super-Earths. Aims. In this paper, we present the analysis of HD175607, an old G6 star with metallicity [Fe/H] = -0.62. We gathered 119 radial velocity measurements in 110 nights over a time span of more than nine years. Methods. The radial velocities were analysed using Lomb-Scargle periodograms, a genetic algorithm, a Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis, and a Gaussian processes analysis. The spectra were also used to derive stellar properties. Several activity indicators were analysed to study the effect of stellar activity on the radial velocities. Results. We find evidence for the presence of a small Neptune-mass planet (M-p sin i = 8.98 +/- 1.10 M-circle times) orbiting this star with an orbital period P = 29.01 +/- 0.02 days in a slightly eccentric orbit (e = 0.11 +/- 0.08). The period of this Neptune is close to the estimated rotational period of the star. However, from a detailed analysis of the radial velocities together with the stellar activity, we conclude that the best explanation of the signal is indeed the presence of a planetary companion rather than stellar related. An additional longer period signal (P similar to 1400 d) is present in the data, for which more measurements are needed to constrain its nature and its properties. Conclusions. HD175607 is the most metal-poor FGK dwarf with a detected low-mass planet amongst the currently known planet hosts. This discovery may thus have important consequences for planet formation and evolution theories. C1 [Mortier, A.; Cameron, A. Collier] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Faria, J. P.; Santos, N. C.; Figueira, P.; Santerne, A.; Sousa, S. G.] Univ Porto, CAUP, Inst Astrofis & Ciencias Espaco, Rua Estrelas, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal. [Faria, J. P.; Santos, N. C.] Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis & Astron, P-4099002 Oporto, Portugal. [Rajpaul, V.] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, Subdept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Boisse, I.] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Dumusque, X.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lo Curto, G.; Melo, C.] European So Observ, Casilla 19001, Santiago 19, Chile. [Lovis, C.; Mayor, M.; Pepe, F.; Queloz, D.; Segransan, D.; Udry, S.] Univ Geneva, Observ Geneve, 51 Ch Maillettes, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland. [Queloz, D.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Sozzetti, A.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Torino, Via Osservatorio 20, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. RP Mortier, A (reprint author), Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. EM am352@st-andrews.ac.uk RI Figueira, Pedro/J-4916-2013; OI Figueira, Pedro/0000-0001-8504-283X; Faria, Joao/0000-0002-6728-244X; Santerne, Alexandre/0000-0002-3586-1316; Cameron, Andrew/0000-0002-8863-7828; Mortier, Annelies/0000-0001-7254-4363 FU European Union [313014, 627202]; FCT [SFRH/BD/93848/2013]; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) [UID/FIS/04434/2013]; FCT through Investigador FCT [IF/01037/2013, IF/00169/2012, IF/00028/2014]; POPH/FSE (EC) by FEDER through the programme "Programa Operacional de Factores de Competitividade - COMPETE"; COST Action [TD 1308] FX This work made use of the Simbad Database. The research leading to these results received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement number 313014 (ETAEARTH). JPF acknowledges support from FCT through grant reference SFRH/BD/93848/2013. This work was supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) through the research grant UID/FIS/04434/2013. P.F., N.C.S., and S.G.S. also acknowledge the support from FCT through Investigador FCT contracts of reference IF/01037/2013, IF/00169/2012, and IF/00028/2014, respectively, and POPH/FSE (EC) by FEDER funding through the programme "Programa Operacional de Factores de Competitividade - COMPETE". This work results within the collaboration of the COST Action TD 1308. A.S. is supported by the European Union under a Marie Curie Intra-European Fellowship for Career Development with reference FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IEF, number 627202. NR 76 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 585 AR A135 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201526905 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DD1VI UT WOS:000369710300142 ER PT J AU Moscadelli, L Sanchez-Monge, A Goddi, C Li, JJ Sanna, A Cesaroni, R Pestalozzi, M Molinari, S Reid, MJ AF Moscadelli, L. Sanchez-Monge, A. Goddi, C. Li, J. J. Sanna, A. Cesaroni, R. Pestalozzi, M. Molinari, S. Reid, M. J. TI Outflow structure within 1000 au of high-mass YSOs I. First results from a combined study of maser and radio continuum emission SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ISM: jets and outflows; ISM: molecules; masers; radio continum: ISM; techniques: interferometric ID STAR-FORMING REGIONS; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECT; HYPERCOMPACT HII-REGIONS; EXTENDED GREEN OBJECTS; GHZ METHANOL MASERS; TRIGONOMETRIC PARALLAXES; MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS; PROPER MOTIONS; SPIRAL ARM; PROTOSTELLAR CANDIDATES AB Context. In high-mass >= M-circle dot) star formation (SF) studies, high -angular resolution is crucial for resolving individual protostellar outflows (and possibly accretion disks) from the complex contribution of nearby (high- and low -mass) young stellar objects (YSO). Previous interferometric studies have focused mainly on single objects. Aims. A sensitive survey at high angular resolution is required to investigate outflow processes in a statistically significant sample of high -mass YSOs and on spatial scales relevant to testing theories. Methods. We selected a sample of 40 high -mass YSOs from water masers observed within the BeSSeL Stuvey. We investigated the 3D) velocity and spatial structures of the molecular component of massive outflows at milli-arcsecond angular resolution using multi-epoch Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations of 22 GIlz water masers. We also characterize the ionized component of the flows using deep images of the radio continuum emission with resolutions of (Y.'2, at 6, 13, and 22 GIlz with the Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA). Results. We report the first results obtained for a subset of 11 objects from the sample. The water maser measurements provide us with a very accurate description of the molecular gas kinematics. This in turn enables us to estimate the momentiun rate of individual outflows, varying in the range 10-3-10' Mc, yr(-1) km s(-1), among the highest values reported in the literature. In all the observed objects, the continuum emission at 13 and 22 GHz has a compact structure, With its position coincident with that of the water masers. The 6 GHz continuum consists of either compact components (mostly well aligned with the 13 and/or 22 GHz sources) or extended emission (either highly elongated or approximately spherical), which can be offset by up to a few arcseconds from the water masers. The unresolved continuum emission associated with the water masers likely points to the YSO location. The comparison of the radio continuum morphology to the maser spatial and 3D velocity distribution shows that five out of eleven high -mass YSOs emit a collimated outflow, with a flow semi -opening angle in the range 10'-30'. The remaining six sources present a more complicated relationship between the geometry of the radio continuum and water maser velocity pattern; therefore, no firm conclusions can be drawn regarding their outflow structure. In two sources, the 6 GlIz continuum emission shows a highly elongated structure with a negative spectral index down to 1.2. We interpret this finding in terms of synchrotron emission from relativistic electrons accelerated in strong shocks, which indicates that non-thermal continuum emission could be common in high -mass protostellar jets. The Lyman continua derived from bolometric luminosities always exceed those obtained from the radio luminosities. Conclusions. These first results suggest that collimated outflows or jets can be common in high -mass YSOs and, in a couple of cases, provide hints that magnetic fields could be important in driving these jets. To draw firmer conclusions, however, we await completion of the analysis for the entire sample of 40 high -mass YSOs. C1 [Moscadelli, L.; Cesaroni, R.] Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, Largo E Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Sanchez-Monge, A.] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, Zulpicher Str 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Goddi, C.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys, POB 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Goddi, C.] Joint Inst VLBI Europe, Postbus 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Li, J. J.; Sanna, A.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Li, J. J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Pestalozzi, M.; Molinari, S.] Ist Fis Spazio Interplanetario, INAF, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Reid, M. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Moscadelli, L (reprint author), Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, INAF, Largo E Fermi 5, I-50125 Florence, Italy. EM mosca@arcetri.astro.it RI Molinari, Sergio/O-4095-2016 OI Molinari, Sergio/0000-0002-9826-7525 FU collaborative research center project - Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SFB 956]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Priority Program 1573; National Science Foundation of China [11203082, 11133008]; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK2012494]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB09000000]; Key Laboratory for Radio Astronomy, CAS FX We are grateful to Rick Perley for the precious help in the calibration of the JVLA data. A.S.-M. acknowledges support by the collaborative research center project SFB 956, funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). A.S. gratefully acknowledges financial support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Priority Program 1573. J.J. Li was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (Grants Nos. 11203082 and 11133008), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grants No. BK2012494), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grants No. XDB09000000), and the Key Laboratory for Radio Astronomy, CAS. NR 75 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 6 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 585 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201526238 PG 41 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DD1VI UT WOS:000369710300078 ER PT J AU Pinilla, P Klarmann, L Birnstiel, T Benisty, M Dominik, C Dullemond, CP AF Pinilla, P. Klarmann, L. Birnstiel, T. Benisty, M. Dominik, C. Dullemond, C. P. TI A tunnel and a traffic jam: How transition disks maintain a detectable warm dust component despite the presence of a large planet-carved gap SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE protoplanetary disks ID PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; SCATTERED-LIGHT; EMBEDDED PLANETS; SEQUENCE STARS; MOLECULAR GAS; SNOW LINE; HD 100546; COAGULATION; DISCS AB Context. Transition disks are circumstellar disks that show evidence of a dust cavity, which may be related to dynamical clearing by embedded planet(s). Most of these objects show signs of significant accretion, indicating that the inner disks are not truly empty, but that gas is still streaming through to the star. A subset of transition disks, sometimes called pre-transition disks, also shows a strong near-infrared excess, interpreted as an optically thick dusty belt located close to the dust sublimation radius within the first astronomical unit. Aims. We study the conditions for the survival and maintenance of such an inner disk in the case where a massive planet opens a gap in the disk. In this scenario, the planet filters out large dust grains that are trapped at the outer edge of the gap, while the inner regions of the disk may or may not be replenished with small grains. Methods. We combined hydrodynamical simulations of planet-disk interactions with dust evolution models that include coagulation and fragmentation of dust grains over a large range of radii and derived observational properties using radiative transfer calculations. We studied the role of the snow line in the survival of the inner disk of transition disks. Results. Inside the snow line, the lack of ice mantles in dust particles decreases the sticking efficiency between grains. As a consequence, particles fragment at lower collision velocities than in regions beyond the snow line. This effect allows small particles to be maintained for up to a few Myr within the first astronomical unit. These particles are closely coupled to the gas and do not drift significantly with respect to the gas. For lower mass planets (1 M-Jup), the pre-transition appearance can be maintained even longer because dust still trickles through the gap created by the planet, moves invisibly and quickly in the form of relatively large grains through the gap, and becomes visible again as it fragments and gets slowed down inside of the snow line. Conclusions. The global study of dust evolution of a disk with an embedded planet, including the changes of the dust aerodynamics near the snow line, can explain the concentration of millimetre-sized particles in the outer disk and the survival of the dust in the inner disk if a large dust trap is present in the outer disk. This behaviour solves the conundrum of the combination of both near-infrared excess and ring-like millimetre emission observed in several transition disks. C1 [Pinilla, P.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Klarmann, L.; Dominik, C.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, POB 94249, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Birnstiel, T.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Benisty, M.] Univ Grenoble Alpes, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Benisty, M.] CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Dullemond, C. P.] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Inst Theoret Astrophys, Albert Ueberle Str 2, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Pinilla, P (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM pinilla@strw.leidenuniv.nl OI Dullemond, Cornelis/0000-0002-7078-5910; Birnstiel, Tilman/0000-0002-1899-8783 FU Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen (KNAW) professor prize; NASA Origins of Solar Systems grant [NNX12AJ04G]; "Programme National de Physique Stellaire" (PNPS) of CNRS/INSU, France FX The authors are very grateful to E. F. van Dishoeck, M. Kama, and C. Espaillat for all their enthusiasm and comments on this paper. We thank M. Min and M. de Juan Ovelar for all the feedback and help during the preparation of this manuscript. P.P. is supported by Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen (KNAW) professor prize to Ewine van Dishoeck. T.B. acknowledges support from NASA Origins of Solar Systems grant NNX12AJ04G. M.B. acknowledges financial support from "Programme National de Physique Stellaire" (PNPS) of CNRS/INSU, France. NR 72 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 585 AR A35 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201527131 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DD1VI UT WOS:000369710300042 ER PT J AU Rudolf, N Gunther, HM Schneider, PC Schmitt, JHMM AF Rudolf, N. Guenther, H. M. Schneider, P. C. Schmitt, J. H. M. M. TI Modelling telluric line spectra in the optical and infrared with an application to VLT/X-Shooter spectra SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE atmospheric effects; instrumentation: spectrographs; methods: observational; methods: data analysis ID ATMOSPHERIC TRANSMISSION; HIGH-RESOLUTION; WATER-VAPOR; ABSORPTION; STARS; SPECTROSCOPY; STANDARDS; DATABASE; SEARCH; ATLAS AB Context. Earth's atmosphere imprints a large number of telluric absorption and emission lines on astronomical spectra, especially in the near infrared, that need to be removed before analysing the affected wavelength regions. Aims. These lines are typically removed by comparison to A-or B-type stars used as telluric standards that themselves have strong hydrogen lines, which complicates the removal of telluric lines. We have developed a method to circumvent that problem. Methods. For our IDL software package tellrem we used a recent approach to model telluric absorption features with the line-by-line radiative transfer model (LBLRTM). The broad wavelength coverage of the X-Shooter at VLT allows us to expand their technique by determining the abundances of the most important telluric molecules H2O, O-2, CO2, and CH4 from sufficiently isolated line groups. For individual observations we construct a telluric absorption model for most of the spectral range that is used to remove the telluric absorption from the object spectrum. Results. We remove telluric absorption from both continuum regions and emission lines without systematic residuals for most of the processable spectral range; however, our method increases the statistical errors. The errors of the corrected spectrum typically increase by 10% for S/N similar to 10 and by a factor of two for high-quality data (S/N similar to 100), i.e. the method is accurate on the percent level. Conclusions. Modelling telluric absorption can be an alternative to the observation of standard stars for removing telluric contamination. C1 [Rudolf, N.; Schneider, P. C.; Schmitt, J. H. M. M.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Guenther, H. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Guenther, H. M.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schneider, P. C.] ESA, Estec, Keplerlaan 1, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands. RP Rudolf, N (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. EM nrudolf@hs.uni-hamburg.de OI Gunther, Hans Moritz/0000-0003-4243-2840 FU DLR [50OR1002]; DAAD-Doktorandenstipendium; RTG "Extrasolar planets and their host stars" [1351/2] FX N.R. acknowledges support by the DLR under project no. 50OR1002, a "DAAD-Doktorandenstipendium" as well as the RTG 1351/2 "Extrasolar planets and their host stars". This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System as well as of the SIMBAD database and the VizieR catalogue access tool, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. We also want to thank an anonymous referee for exceptionally helpful reports and constructive criticism that helped to substantially improve the paper. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 585 AR A113 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201322749 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DD1VI UT WOS:000369710300120 ER PT J AU San Jose-Garcia, I Mottram, JC van Dishoeck, EF Kristensen, LE van der Tak, FFS Braine, J Herpin, F Johnstone, D van Kempen, TA Wyrowski, F AF San Jose-Garcia, I. Mottram, J. C. van Dishoeck, E. F. Kristensen, L. E. van der Tak, F. F. S. Braine, J. Herpin, F. Johnstone, D. van Kempen, T. A. Wyrowski, F. TI Linking low- to high-mass young stellar objects with Herschel-HIFI observations of water SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: formation; stars: protostars; ISM: molecules; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; line: profiles ID STAR-FORMING REGIONS; HIGH-J CO; EMBEDDED PROTOSTARS; PACS SPECTROSCOPY; KEY PROGRAM; HH 46; OUTFLOWS; GAS; SHOCKS; EVOLUTION AB Context. Water probes the dynamics in young stellar objects (YSOs) effectively, especially shocks in molecular outflows. It is therefore a key molecule for exploring whether the physical properties of low-mass protostars can be extrapolated to massive YSOs, an important step in understanding the fundamental mechanisms regulating star formation. Aims. As part of the WISH key programme, we investigate excited water line properties as a function of source luminosity, in particular the dynamics and the excitation conditions of shocks along the outflow cavity wall. Methods. Velocity-resolved Herschel-HIFI spectra of the H2O 2(02)-1(11) (988 GHz), 2(11)-2(02) (752 GHz) and 3(12)-3(03) (1097 GHz) lines were analysed, together with (CO)-C-12 J = 10-9 and 16-15, for 52 YSOs with bolometric luminosities ranging from < 1 to > 10(5) L-circle dot. The H2O and (CO)-C-12 line profiles were decomposed into multiple Gaussian components which are related to the different physical structures of the protostellar system. The non-LTE radiative transfer code radex was used to constrain the excitation conditions of the shocks along the outflow cavity. Results. The profiles of the three excited water lines are similar, indicating that they probe the same gas. Two main emission components are seen in all YSOs: a broad component associated with non-dissociative shocks in the outflow cavity wall ("cavity shocks") and a narrow component associated with the quiescent envelope material. More than 60% of the total integrated intensity in the excited water lines comes from the broad cavity shock component, while the remaining emission comes mostly from the envelope for low-mass Class I, intermediate-and high-mass objects, and dissociative "spot shocks" for low-mass Class 0 protostars. The widths of the water lines are surprisingly similar from low-to high-mass YSOs, whereas (CO)-C-12 J = 10-9 line widths increase slightly with Lbol. The excitation analysis of the cavity shock component shows stronger 752 GHz emission for high-mass YSOs, most likely due to pumping by an infrared radiation field. Finally, a strong correlation with slope unity is measured between the logarithms of the total H2O line luminosity, L-H2O, and Lbol, which can be extrapolated to extragalactic sources. This linear correlation, also found for CO, implies that both species primarily trace dense gas directly related to star formation activity. Conclusions. The water emission probed by spectrally unresolved data is largely due to shocks. Broad water and high-J CO lines originate in shocks in the outflow cavity walls for both low-and high-mass YSOs, whereas lower-J CO transitions mostly trace entrained outflow gas. The higher UV field and turbulent motions in high-mass objects compared to their low-mass counterparts may explain the slightly different kinematical properties of (CO)-C-12 J = 10-9 and H2O lines from low-to high-mass YSOs. C1 [San Jose-Garcia, I.; Mottram, J. C.; van Dishoeck, E. F.; van Kempen, T. A.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [van Dishoeck, E. F.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 2, D-85478 Garching, Germany. [Kristensen, L. E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [van der Tak, F. F. S.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, POB 800, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [van der Tak, F. F. S.] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, POB 800, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Braine, J.; Herpin, F.] Univ Bordeaux, Observ Aquitain Sci Univers, 2 Rue Observ,BP 89, F-33270 Floirac, France. [Braine, J.; Herpin, F.] CNRS, LAB, UMR 5804, 2 Rue Observ,BP 89, F-33270 Floirac, France. [Johnstone, D.] Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, 5071 West Saanich Rd, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Johnstone, D.] Univ Victoria, Dept Phys & Astron, Victoria, BC V8P 1A1, Canada. [Wyrowski, F.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. RP San Jose-Garcia, I (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM sanjose@strw.leidenuniv.nl RI Kristensen, Lars/F-4774-2011 OI Kristensen, Lars/0000-0003-1159-3721 FU European Community [238258]; Space Research Organisation Netherlands (SRON); Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA); Spinoza grant; A-ERC grant [291141 CHEMPLAN]; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [614.001.008] FX The authors are grateful to the anonymous referee for the constructive and thorough reviews, to Sylvie Cabrit for the useful feedbacks that helped to improve the manuscript and to Mihkel Kama for providing data and suggestions to the paper. We would like to thank Umut Yildiz for helping on the data reduction as well as the WISH team for many inspiring discussions. This work is supported by the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007-2013 under grant agreement 238258 (LASSIE) and by the Space Research Organisation Netherlands (SRON). Astrochemistry in Leiden is supported by the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA), by a Spinoza grant, A-ERC grant 291141 CHEMPLAN and grant 614.001.008 from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). HIFI has been designed and built by a consortium of institutes and university departments from across Europe, Canada and the United States under the leadership of SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research, Groningen, The Netherlands and with major contributions from Germany, France and the US. Consortium members are: Canada: CSA, U. Waterloo; France: CESR, LAB, LERMA, IRAM; Germany: KOSMA, MPIfR, MPS; Ireland, NUI Maynooth; Italy: ASI, IFSI-INAF, Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri- INAF; Netherlands: SRON, TUD; Poland: CAMK, CBK; Spain: Observatorio Astronomico Nacional (IGN), Centro de Astrobiologia (CSIC-INTA). Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology - MC2, RSS & GARD; Onsala Space Observatory; Swedish National Space Board, Stockholm University - Stockholm Observatory; Switzerland: ETH Zurich, FHNW; USA: Caltech, JPL, NHSC. NR 77 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 585 AR A103 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201525708 PG 30 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DD1VI UT WOS:000369710300110 ER PT J AU van der Marel, N van Dishoeck, EF Bruderer, S Andrews, SM Pontoppidan, KM Herczeg, GJ van Kempen, T Miotello, A AF van der Marel, N. van Dishoeck, E. F. Bruderer, S. Andrews, S. M. Pontoppidan, K. M. Herczeg, G. J. van Kempen, T. Miotello, A. TI Resolved gas cavities in transitional disks inferred from CO isotopologs with ALMA SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE astrochemistry; stars: formation; protoplanetary disks; ISM: molecules ID MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; 206462 HD 135344B; T-TAURI DISKS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; PRETRANSITIONAL DISKS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; DUST; YOUNG; ACCRETION; EVOLUTION AB Context Transitional disks around young stars with large dust cavities are promising candidates to look for recently formed, embedded planets. Models of planet-disk interaction predict that young planets clear a gap in the gas while trapping dust at larger radii. Other physical mechanisms might also be responsible for cavities. Previous observations have revealed that gas is still present inside these cavities, but the spatial distribution of this gas remains uncertain. Aims. We present high spatial resolution observations with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) of (CO)-C-13 and (CO)-O-18 3-2 or 6-5 lines of four well-studied transitional disks around pre-main-sequence stars with large dust cavities. The line and continuum observations are used to set constraints on the the gas surface density, specifically on the cavity size and density drop inside the cavity. Methods. The physical-chemical model DALI was used to analyze the gas images of SR21, HD 135344B (also known as SAO 206462), DoAr44, and IRS 48. The main parameters of interest are the size, depth and shape of the gas cavity in each of the disks. CO isotope-selective photodissociation is included to properly constrain the surface density in the outer disk from C18O emission. Results. The gas cavities are up to three times smaller than those of the dust in all four disks. Model fits indicate that the surface density inside the gas cavities decreases by a factor of 100 to 10 000 compared with the surface density profile derived from the outer disk. The data can be fit by either introducing one or two drops in the gas surface density or a surface density profile that increases with radius inside the cavity. A comparison with an analytical model of gap depths by planet-disk interaction shows that the disk viscosities are most likely low, between between 10(-3) and 10(-4), for reasonable estimates of planet masses of up to 10 Jupiter masses. Conclusions. The resolved measurements of the gas and dust in transition disk cavities support the predictions of models that describe how planet-disk interactions sculpt gas disk structures and influence the evolution of dust grains. These observed structures strongly suggest the presence of giant planetary companions in transition disk cavities, although at smaller orbital radii than is typically indicated from the dust cavity radii alone. C1 [van der Marel, N.; van Dishoeck, E. F.; van Kempen, T.; Miotello, A.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [van Dishoeck, E. F.; Bruderer, S.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Andrews, S. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Pontoppidan, K. M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Herczeg, G. J.] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Yi He Yuan Lu 5, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. RP van der Marel, N (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM nmarel@strw.leidenuniv.nl FU Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA); Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) professor prize; European Union A-ERC [291141 CHEMPLAN] FX The authors would like to thank P. Pinilla for useful discussions. Astrochemistry in Leiden is supported by the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA), by a Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) professor prize, and by the European Union A-ERC grant 291141 CHEMPLAN. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA/2012.1.00158.S and ADS/JAO.ALMA/2013.1.00100.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. NR 60 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 3 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 585 AR A58 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201526988 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DD1VI UT WOS:000369710300065 ER PT J AU Toews, DPL Campagna, L Taylor, SA Balakrishnan, CN Baldassarre, DT Deane-Coe, PE Harvey, MG Hooper, DM Irwin, DE Judy, CD Mason, NA McCormack, JE McCracken, KG Oliveros, CH Safran, RJ Scordato, ESC Stryjewski, KF Tigano, A Uy, JAC Winger, BM AF Toews, David P. L. Campagna, Leonardo Taylor, Scott A. Balakrishnan, Christopher N. Baldassarre, Daniel T. Deane-Coe, Petra E. Harvey, Michael G. Hooper, Daniel M. Irwin, Darren E. Judy, Caroline D. Mason, Nicholas A. McCormack, John E. McCracken, Kevin G. Oliveros, Carl H. Safran, Rebecca J. Scordato, Elizabeth S. C. Stryjewski, Katherine Faust Tigano, Anna Uy, J. Albert C. Winger, Benjamin M. TI Genomic approaches to understanding population divergence and speciation in birds SO AUK LA English DT Review DE evolution; next-generation sequencing; population genomics; transcriptomics ID ZEBRA FINCH GENOME; AVIAN HYBRID ZONE; GENE FLOW; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; DE-NOVO; CHROMOSOMAL REARRANGEMENTS; ULTRACONSERVED ELEMENTS; WILSONIA-PUSILLA; MIGRATORY DIVIDE; SEX-CHROMOSOME AB The widespread application of high-throughput sequencing in studying evolutionary processes and patterns of diversification has led to many important discoveries. However, the barriers to utilizing these technologies and interpreting the resulting data can be daunting for first-time users. We provide an overview and a brief primer of relevant methods (e.g., whole-genome sequencing, reduced-representation sequencing, sequence-capture methods, and RNA sequencing), as well as important steps in the analysis pipelines (e.g., loci clustering, variant calling, wholegenome and transcriptome assembly). We also review a number of applications in which researchers have used these technologies to address questions related to avian systems. We highlight how genomic tools are advancing research by discussing their contributions to 3 important facets of avian evolutionary history. We focus on (1) general inferences about biogeography and biogeographic history, (2) patterns of gene flow and isolation upon secondary contact and hybridization, and (3) quantifying levels of genomic divergence between closely related taxa. We find that in many cases, high-throughput sequencing data confirms previous work from traditional molecular markers, although there are examples in which genome-wide genetic markers provide a different biological interpretation. We also discuss how these new data allow researchers to address entirely novel questions, and conclude by outlining a number of intellectual and methodological challenges as the genomics era moves forward. C1 [Toews, David P. L.; Campagna, Leonardo; Taylor, Scott A.; Deane-Coe, Petra E.; Mason, Nicholas A.] Cornell Lab Ornithol, Fuller Evolutionary Biol Program, Ithaca, NY USA. [Toews, David P. L.; Campagna, Leonardo; Taylor, Scott A.; Mason, Nicholas A.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY USA. [Balakrishnan, Christopher N.; Deane-Coe, Petra E.] E Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, Greenville, NC USA. [Baldassarre, Daniel T.; Uy, J. Albert C.] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Harvey, Michael G.; Judy, Caroline D.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Harvey, Michael G.; Judy, Caroline D.] Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Hooper, Daniel M.; Winger, Benjamin M.] Univ Chicago, Comm Evolutionary Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Irwin, Darren E.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Irwin, Darren E.] Univ British Columbia, Biodivers Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Judy, Caroline D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [McCormack, John E.] Occidental Coll, Moore Lab Zool, Los Angeles, CA 90041 USA. [McCracken, Kevin G.] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Oliveros, Carl H.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Oliveros, Carl H.] Univ Kansas, Biodivers Inst, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Safran, Rebecca J.; Scordato, Elizabeth S. C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Stryjewski, Katherine Faust] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, 5 Cummington St, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Tigano, Anna] Queens Univ, Dept Biol, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Winger, Benjamin M.] Field Museum Nat Hist, Integrat Res Ctr, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. RP Toews, DPL (reprint author), Cornell Lab Ornithol, Fuller Evolutionary Biol Program, Ithaca, NY USA.; Toews, DPL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY USA. EM toews@cornell.edu OI Uy, J. Albert C./0000-0002-8437-5525; Balakrishnan, Christopher/0000-0002-0788-0659 NR 127 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 28 U2 70 PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0004-8038 EI 1938-4254 J9 AUK JI AUK PD JAN PY 2016 VL 133 IS 1 BP 13 EP 30 DI 10.1642/AUK-15-51.1 PG 18 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA DE1WT UT WOS:000370417900002 ER PT J AU Subiaul, F Patterson, EM Barr, R AF Subiaul, Francys Patterson, Eric M. Barr, Rachel TI The cognitive structure of goal emulation during the preschool years SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE action mirroring; intention mirroring; goal emulation; imitation; cognitive structure; cognitive development; social learning; individual learning ID CHIMPANZEES PAN-TROGLODYTES; MULTIPLE IMITATION MECHANISMS; CHILDREN HOMO-SAPIENS; RATIONAL IMITATION; INFANTS IMITATION; SOCIAL COGNITION; MIRROR NEURONS; CULTURE; INTENTIONS; HUMANS AB Humans excel at mirroring both others' actions (imitation) as well as others' goals and intentions (emulation). As most research has focused on imitation, here we focus on how social and asocial learning predict the development of goal emulation. We tested 215 preschool children on two social conditions (imitation, emulation) and two asocial conditions (trial-and-error and recall) using two touch screen tasks. The tasks involved responding to either three different pictures in a specific picture order (Cognitive: appleboycat) or three identical pictures in a specific spatial order (Motor-Spatial: updownright). Generalized linear models demonstrated that during the preschool years, Motor-Spatial emulation is associated with social and asocial learning, while cognitive emulation is associated only with social learning, including motor-spatial emulation and multiple forms of imitation. This result contrasts with those from a previous study using this same data set showing that motor-spatial and cognitive imitation were neither associated with one another nor, generally, predicted by other forms of social or asocial learning. Together, these results suggests that while developmental changes in imitation are associated with multiple - specialized - mechanisms, developmental changes in emulation are associated with age-related changes and a more unitary, domain-general mechanism that receives input from several different cognitive and learning processes, including some that may not necessarily be specialized for social learning. C1 [Subiaul, Francys] George Washington Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Subiaul, Francys] Ctr Adv Study Human Paleobiol, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC USA. [Subiaul, Francys] GWU Inst Neurosci, Washington, DC USA. [Subiaul, Francys] Mind Brain Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Subiaul, Francys; Patterson, Eric M.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Patterson, Eric M.] Georgetown Univ, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Barr, Rachel] Georgetown Univ, Dept Psychol, Washington, DC 20057 USA. RP Subiaul, F (reprint author), 2115 G St,NW 204, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM subiaul@gwu.edu OI Barr, Rachel/0000-0002-5855-9718 FU University Facilitating Funds (GWU); CAREER grant from the National Science Foundation [BCS-0748717] FX We would like to thank the many student volunteers in the Social Cognition Lab of the George Washington University for assisting with recruitment and data collection. Finally, we want to extend our gratitude to the Smithsonian's Institute, National Museum of Natural History, its staff, and visiting children whose participation made this study possible. This study was supported by University Facilitating Funds (GWU) and a CAREER grant from the National Science Foundation to F. Subiaul (BCS-0748717). NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0261-510X EI 2044-835X J9 BRIT J DEV PSYCHOL JI Br. J. Dev. Psychol. PY 2016 VL 34 IS 1 SI SI BP 132 EP 149 DI 10.1111/bjdp.12111 PG 18 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA DE0QJ UT WOS:000370329100010 PM 26338371 ER PT J AU Ray, GC Hufford, GL Overland, JE Krupnik, I McCormick-Ray, J Frey, K Labunski, E AF Ray, G. Carleton Hufford, Gary L. Overland, James E. Krupnik, Igor McCormick-Ray, Jerry Frey, Karen Labunski, Elizabeth TI Decadal Bering Sea seascape change: consequences for Pacific walruses and indigenous hunters SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Bering Sea; climate change; Odobenus rosmarus divergens; Pacific walrus; sea ice; seascape; subsistence hunting ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; ICE; ROSMARUS; WIND AB The most significant factors currently affecting the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) population are climate change and consequent changes in sea-ice morphology and dynamics. This paper integrates recent physical sea-ice change in the Bering Sea with biological and ecological conditions of walruses in their winter-spring reproductive habitat. Historically, walrus in winter-spring depended on a critical mass of sea-ice habitat to optimize social networking, reproductive fitness, feeding behavior, migration, and energetic efficiency. During 2003-2013, our cross-disciplinary, multiscale analysis from shipboard observations, satellite imagery, and ice-floe tracking, reinforced by information from indigenous subsistence hunters, documented change of sea-ice structure from a plastic continuum to a "mixing bowl" of ice floes moving more independently. This fragmentation of winter habitat preconditions the walrus population toward dispersal mortality and will also negatively affect the availability of resources for indigenous communities. We urge an expanded research and management agenda that integrates walrus natural history and habitat more completely with changing sea-ice morphology and dynamics at multiple scales, while also meeting the needs of local communities. C1 [Ray, G. Carleton; McCormick-Ray, Jerry] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Hufford, Gary L.] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Anchorage, AK USA. [Overland, James E.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Krupnik, Igor] Smithsonian Inst, Arctic Studies Ctr, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Frey, Karen] Clark Univ, Dept Geog, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. [Labunski, Elizabeth] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. RP Ray, GC (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM cr@virginia.edu FU North Pacific Research Board; U.S. Marine Mammal Commission: Assessing changing habitats of ice-dependent marine mammals of Beringia [P10-72213]; NOAA Arctic Project of the Climate Program Office; Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory; U.S. Marine Mammal Commission; Global Biodiversity Fund of the University of Virginia; PMEL [4239] FX The senior author is deeply indebted to Francis H. "Bud" Fay for his expertise, wisdom, and friendship during our long history of associations and discussions concerning Pacific walruses. Others also contributed significantly with respect to natural history and management, notably John J. Burns, formerly of the Alaska Department of Fish and Game, and R.V. Miller of NOAA/NMFS National Marine Mammal Laboratory. We particularly thank Captains Oliver (in 2006) and Lindstrom (in 2007, 2008) of the icebreaker USGC Healy, and the officers, crew, technical personnel, and our companion scientists for assistance. Steve Roberts of the National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, made on-board satellite imagery available. Chief Scientist J. M. Grebmeier, and L. W. Cooper (University of Maryland) made research aboard USCGC Healy in 2006 possible. In 2007, we were similarly supported on the Healy by Chief Scientist Raymond Sombrotto (Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University). In all years, Kathy Kuletz of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management, Anchorage (supported all by the North Pacific Research Board) supported with surveys. In 2007 and 2008, Michael Cameron and colleagues of the NOAA National Marine Mammal Laboratory, Seattle, Washington, provided walrus observations. In 2008, Chadwick Jay and Anthony Fischbach, U.S. Geological Survey, Anchorage, Alaska, provided the same. Brad Benter of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service very kindly shared Gambell walrus catch data in Table. Leonard Apangalook, Sr. (deceased), Paul Apangalook, Chester Noongwook, Aaron Iworrigan, Conrad Oozeva, George Noongwook, and other local experts from St. Lawrence Island, Alaska, shared their knowledge on ice associations, behavior, and distributions of walruses and seals on numerous occasions during 2003-2013. We are grateful to the Eskimo Walrus Commission for a thorough discussion of our project at its meeting in Nome, Alaska (December 2003) and for support in presenting preliminary results of our work to indigenous walrus captains in the communities of Gambell and Savoonga, St. Lawrence Island (February 2004). Lyudmila Bogoslovskaya from the Russian Institute of Cultural and Natural Heritage in Moscow, Russia, contributed reports from local hunters of Russian Beringian communities. Robert L Smith, Charlottesville, Virginia, formatted the illustrations. This paper was supported, in part, by contract number P10-72213 of the U.S. Marine Mammal Commission: Assessing changing habitats of ice-dependent marine mammals of Beringia. J. E. Overland was supported by the NOAA Arctic Project of the Climate Program Office; PMEL contribution Number 4239. We also wish to express our thanks for support of publication costs to the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory, the U.S. Marine Mammal Commission, and the Global Biodiversity Fund of the University of Virginia. NR 70 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 12 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 26 IS 1 BP 24 EP 41 DI 10.1890/15-0430 PG 18 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC8ZY UT WOS:000369511000004 PM 27039507 ER PT J AU Buchanan, B Hamilton, MJ Kilby, JD Gingerich, JAM AF Buchanan, Briggs Hamilton, Marcus J. Kilby, J. David Gingerich, Joseph A. M. TI Lithic networks reveal early regionalization in late Pleistocene North America SO JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Paleoindian; Clovis; Late Pleistocene; Lithics; Network analysis; Regionalization ID NEUTRON-ACTIVATION ANALYSIS; SOCIAL NETWORKS; CLOVIS; COLONIZATION; DEMOGRAPHY; STONE; SITE; AGE; PALEOECOLOGY; POPULATIONS AB North America was colonized by hunter gatherer populations during the late Pleistocene, and the Clovis culture is the earliest well-documented evidence of this event. Long-standing questions about the colonization process persist, including the extent to which low-density populations maintained contact across the continent and if foraging territories overlapped or were spatially-discrete. Here, we use a network approach to examine the spatial structure of land use associated with the earliest hunter gatherer populations in North America. In particular, we examine the co-occurrence of raw materials used for stone tool manufacture at archaeological sites across the continent. Using a database of 84 Clovis assemblages we show that there are three large isolated, mostly spatially-discrete, lithic exploitation networks across the continent. These regions closely correspond to previously identified differences in Clovis point form, suggesting that Clovis populations were becoming regionally distinct. This process of cultural diversification that begins in the late Pleistocene, continues to develop into the Holocene. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Buchanan, Briggs] Univ Tulsa, Dept Anthropol, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA. [Hamilton, Marcus J.] Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. [Hamilton, Marcus J.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Human Evolut & Social Change, Tempe, AZ USA. [Hamilton, Marcus J.] Eastern New Mexico Univ, Dept Anthropol & Appl Archaeol, Portales, NM USA. [Gingerich, Joseph A. M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Sociol & Anthropol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Gingerich, Joseph A. M.] Smithsonian Inst NMNH, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC USA. RP Buchanan, B (reprint author), Univ Tulsa, Dept Anthropol, Tulsa, OK 74104 USA.; Hamilton, MJ (reprint author), Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. EM briggs-buchanan@utulsa.edu; marcusj@santafe.edu FU University of Tulsa Faculty Development Summer Fellowship Program FX We thank Stephen Lycett and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. BB thanks the University of Tulsa Faculty Development Summer Fellowship Program. NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0305-4403 EI 1095-9238 J9 J ARCHAEOL SCI JI J. Archaeol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 65 BP 114 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.jas.2015.11.003 PG 8 WC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Anthropology; Archaeology; Geology GA DE2LE UT WOS:000370458000011 ER PT J AU Solis, MA Metz, MA AF Solis, M. Alma Metz, Mark A. TI An illustrated guide to the identification of the known species of Diatraea Guilding (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Crambinae) based on genitalia SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Diatraea; sugarcane moths; Poaceae; biofuels; genitalia AB The genus Diatraea Guilding is one of the most economically important groups of moths in the Western Hemisphere. The larvae are stem borers that feed on species of Poaceae, or grasses, such as sugarcane, corn, rice, and sorghum, as well as many other native grasses. Interest in this group has risen considerably since sugarcane and other grasses have been utilized and/or investigated as biofuels. This is the first modern study to treat all 41 valid described species. Most type specimens were examined and we provide a checklist with 19 new synonyms. We provide keys for the identification of most species in this genus based on morphology of the male and female genitalia and modern illustrations of male and female genitalia. We also provide an updated table of species distribution by country. C1 [Solis, M. Alma; Metz, Mark A.] Smithsonian Inst, USDA, ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr,Natl, E 517,MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Solis, MA; Metz, MA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, USDA, ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr,Natl, E 517,MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM alma.solis@ars.usda.gov; mark.metz@ars.usda.gov NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 565 BP 73 EP 121 DI 10.3897/zookeys.565.6797 PG 49 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DE0TQ UT WOS:000370338200003 PM 27081337 ER PT J AU Brown, GP Kelehear, C Pizzatto, L Shine, R AF Brown, Gregory P. Kelehear, Crystal Pizzatto, Ligia Shine, Richard TI The impact of lungworm parasites on rates of dispersal of their anuran host, the invasive cane toad SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Anuran; Bufo marinus; Host-parasite; Invasion front; Invasive species ID EXPANDING RANGE-EDGE; BUFO-MARINUS; RHABDIAS-PSEUDOSPHAEROCEPHALA; RHINELLA-MARINA; TROPICAL AUSTRALIA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; TYPHOID MARY; INFECTION; DYNAMICS; FROGS AB Translocation of native-range parasites to control invasive species is effective only if the parasite substantially impairs either the viability or dispersal rate of the invasive host. Lungworms (Rhabdias pseudosphaerocephala) of cane toads (Rhinella marina) were introduced to Australia from the toad's native range, along with the toads, and have been suggested as a potential biocontrol of invasive toads due to various negative impacts on toad viability. We conducted two radio-telemetry studies on a tropical floodplain to specifically assess the parasite's impact on toad dispersal. First, a retrospective correlative analysis of data from field-collected animals showed that toads infected with lungworms moved farther, not less, than uninfected conspecifics. Second, an experimental study (comparing movements of experimentally infected toads vs. uninfected controls) showed that lungworms did not modify rates of toad dispersal. In addition, experimental infection with lungworms did not elicit an immune response substantial enough to influence dispersal behaviour. Thus, we conclude that increasing lungworm densities at the invasion front as an attempt at biocontrol would not slow down the spread of cane toads. C1 [Brown, Gregory P.; Kelehear, Crystal; Pizzatto, Ligia; Shine, Richard] Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci, A08, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Kelehear, Crystal] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado 0843-03092, Panama City, Panama. RP Brown, GP (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci, A08, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM gregory.brown@sydney.edu.au RI Brown, Gregory/F-9897-2011 OI Brown, Gregory/0000-0002-2924-9040 FU Australian Research Council FX We thank the staff of Beatrice Hill Farm for access to their property, the Northern Territory Land Corporation for use of facilities, and the Australian Research Council for funding. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their improving comments and suggestions. NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD JAN PY 2016 VL 18 IS 1 BP 103 EP 114 DI 10.1007/s10530-015-0993-1 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DD6WT UT WOS:000370066000009 ER PT J AU Moser, CS Wier, TP Grant, JF First, MR Tamburri, MN Ruiz, GM Miller, AW Drake, LA AF Moser, Cameron S. Wier, Timothy P. Grant, Jonathan F. First, Matthew R. Tamburri, Mario N. Ruiz, Gregory M. Miller, A. Whitman Drake, Lisa A. TI Quantifying the total wetted surface area of the world fleet: a first step in determining the potential extent of ships' biofouling SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Aquatic nuisance species; Hull fouling; Invasive species; Wetted surface area; Global fleet; Non-indigenous species ID SEA; INVASIONS; BIOFILMS; GRAVITY; IMPACT AB Ships' hulls can transport aquatic nuisance species, but there is little quantitative information about the magnitude of vessel biofouling on a global or regional scale. There does not exist a robust method to estimate the wetted surface area (WSA) of a particular fleet of ships, especially across the diversity of possible vessel types. An estimate of the total WSA of ship arrivals into a port or region is essential to determine the potential scope of biofouling and to inform management strategies to reduce the future invasions. Multiple statistical models were developed so commonly available ships' parameters could be used to estimate the WSA for a given set of fleet data. Using individual ship characteristics and publicly available data from similar to 120,000 active commercial ships in the world fleet, the method results in a total global minimum WSA estimate of approximately 325 9 10(6) m(2). The size of the global fleet employed here is greater than the commonly cited vessel number of approximately 80,000-90,000, as we include ships <100 gross tons. Over 190,000 vessels were initially identified, representing a WSA of 571 9 10(6) m(2), but active status of only 120,000 vessels could be confirmed. Reliable data were unavailable on the operating status of many additional and especially smaller vessels. This approach, along with a contemporary and comprehensive estimate of global WSA, when combined with knowledge of the different operational profiles of ships that may reduce biofouling (port residence times, steaming speeds, extent of antifouling coatings, cleaning frequency, etc.), can inform current numerical models and risk assessments of bioinvasions. C1 [Moser, Cameron S.; Wier, Timothy P.] Excet Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. [Grant, Jonathan F.] Battenkill Technol Inc, Manchester Ctr, VT 05255 USA. [First, Matthew R.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6136, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Tamburri, Mario N.] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Ruiz, Gregory M.; Miller, A. Whitman] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Drake, Lisa A.] Naval Res Lab, Div Chem, Code 6136, Key West, FL 33041 USA. RP Moser, CS (reprint author), Excet Inc, Springfield, VA 22151 USA. EM cameron.moser.ctr@nrl.navy.mil OI First, Matthew/0000-0003-1330-3353; First, Matt/0000-0003-3465-2376; Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X; Miller, Whitman/0000-0003-0484-182X FU University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science [2012-38]; U.S. Maritime Administration (MARAD) FX This work was supported by the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science (funding agreement 2012-38) and the U.S. Maritime Administration (MARAD). We thank Carolyn Junemann (MARAD) for guidance and programmatic support and Mark Minton (Smithsonian Environmental Research Center) for his advice with shipping data. We appreciate advice from Rich Everett (U.S. Coast Guard) and the data provided from the National Ballast Information Clearinghouse. This work was supported by Diane Lysogorski, Section Head of NRL Code 6136 and Director of the Center for Corrosion Science and Engineering-Key West, Florida. Finally, the reviews of this manuscript by Stephanie Robbins-Wamsley, Diane Lysogorski, Edward Lemieux (Branch Head, Code 6130), Barry Spargo (Acting Superintendent, Chemistry Division, Naval Research Laboratory), Jim Carlton, and three anonymous reviewers improved it-thank you. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD JAN PY 2016 VL 18 IS 1 BP 265 EP 277 DI 10.1007/s10530-015-1007-z PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DD6WT UT WOS:000370066000020 ER PT J AU Evans, N McKeon, CS AF Evans, Nathaniel McKeon, C. Seabird TI New records and field observations support a facultative commensal association of Thalamita longifrons and Thalamita murinae with soft coral SO BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Evans, Nathaniel] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Evans, Nathaniel; McKeon, C. Seabird] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [McKeon, C. Seabird] Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. RP Evans, N (reprint author), Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.; Evans, N (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM evansnat@ufl.edu OI Evans, Nathaniel/0000-0003-4524-372X NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROSENSTIEL SCH MAR ATMOS SCI PI MIAMI PA 4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY, MIAMI, FL 33149 USA SN 0007-4977 EI 1553-6955 J9 B MAR SCI JI Bull. Mar. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 92 IS 1 BP 105 EP 106 DI 10.5343/bms.2015.1063 PG 2 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA DD7OJ UT WOS:000370113700007 ER PT J AU Antonelli, TS Leischner, CL Ososky, JJ Hartstone-Rose, A AF Antonelli, T. S. Leischner, C. L. Ososky, J. J. Hartstone-Rose, A. TI The effect of captivity on the oral health of the critically endangered black-footed ferret (Mustela nigripes) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mustela nigripes; black-footed ferret; calculus; periodontal disease; captivity ID PERIODONTAL-DISEASE; WEAR; CALCULUS; DIET AB Black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes (Audubon and Bachman, 1851)), a North American species of mustelid, faced near extinction after westward expansion during the 20th century destroyed a majority of the population of prairie dogs (genus Cynomys Rafinesque, 1817), their primary food source. Fearing extinction of the black-footed ferret, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service captured the entire population between 1985 and 1987 and began a captive breeding program. While in captivity, the fertility and genetic diversity of the species was closely monitored; however, there is little information about other health consequences of this breeding program. For instance, the black-footed ferrets have been fed a diet that is very different than what they consume in the wild. How did the composition of this diet affect the oral health of these animals? An analysis of dentition of wild and captive black-footed ferrets reveals that calculus accumulation and periodontal diseases occurred with greater severity in captive black-footed ferrets, suggesting that such oral pathologies arose from the unnaturally soft diet fed to them. These findings offer insight into how mechanical properties of diet can affect oral health and how these dietary properties should be considered, not only in regard to the health of black-footed ferrets but also to the health of all mammals including humans. C1 [Antonelli, T. S.; Leischner, C. L.; Hartstone-Rose, A.] Univ S Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol & Anat, CBA Bldg 1,Room C-36,6439 Garners Ferry Rd, Columbia, SC 29209 USA. [Ososky, J. J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, POB 37012,MRC 108, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Hartstone-Rose, A (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol & Anat, CBA Bldg 1,Room C-36,6439 Garners Ferry Rd, Columbia, SC 29209 USA. EM AdamHR@sc.edu RI Hartstone-Rose, Adam/I-3503-2016 OI Hartstone-Rose, Adam/0000-0001-5307-5573 NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 30 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0008-4301 EI 1480-3283 J9 CAN J ZOOL JI Can. J. Zool. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 94 IS 1 BP 15 EP 22 DI 10.1139/cjz-2015-0135 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DD6SE UT WOS:000370053700003 ER PT J AU Rota, CT Wikle, CK Kays, RW Forrester, TD McShea, WJ Parsons, AW Millspaugh, JJ AF Rota, Christopher T. Wikle, Christopher K. Kays, Roland W. Forrester, Tavis D. McShea, William J. Parsons, Arielle W. Millspaugh, Joshua J. TI A two-species occupancy model accommodating simultaneous spatial and interspecific dependence SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE coyote (Canis latrans); data augmentation; detection probability; eMammal; geostatistical model; hierarchical models; interacting species; point-referenced model; red fox (Vulpes vulpes); spatial statistics ID RED FOXES; COOCCURRENCE; PARAMETERIZATION; SELECTION; PATTERNS AB Occupancy models are popular for estimating the probability a site is occupied by a species of interest when detection is imperfect. Occupancy models have been extended to account for interacting species and spatial dependence but cannot presently allow both factors to act simultaneously. We propose a two-species occupancy model that accommodates both interspecific and spatial dependence. We use a point-referenced multivariate hierarchical spatial model to account for both spatial and interspecific dependence. We model spatial random effects with predictive process models and use probit regression to improve efficiency of posterior sampling. We model occupancy probabilities of red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and coyote (Canis latrans) with camera trap data collected from six mid-Atlantic states in the eastern United States. We fit four models comprising a fully factorial combination of spatial and interspecific dependence to two-thirds of camera trapping sites and validated models with the remaining data. Red fox and coyotes each exhibited spatial dependence at distances >0.8 and 0.4km, respectively, and exhibited geographic variation in interspecific dependence. Consequently, predictions from the model assuming simultaneous spatial and interspecific dependence best matched test data observations. This application highlights the utility of simultaneously accounting for spatial and interspecific dependence. C1 [Rota, Christopher T.; Millspaugh, Joshua J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. [Rota, Christopher T.; Wikle, Christopher K.] Univ Missouri, Dept Stat, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. [Kays, Roland W.; Parsons, Arielle W.] North Carolina Museum Nat Sci, Raleigh, NC 27603 USA. [Forrester, Tavis D.; McShea, William J.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. RP Rota, CT (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. EM christopher.rota@gmail.com OI Rota, Christopher/0000-0001-9272-4687 FU National Science Foundation [1232442, 1319293]; VWR Foundation; U.S. Forest Service; North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences; Smithsonian Institution; NSF [DMS-104903] FX We thank our 376 volunteers for their hard work collecting camera trap data for this study. For their field assistance and volunteer coordination we thank the staff of the National Park Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Forest Service, The Nature Conservancy, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, and Tennessee State Parks, North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, Tennessee Division of Forestry, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, West Virginia Water Authority, the Wintergreen Nature Foundation, and Raleigh, Parks, Recreation and Cultural Resources. We thank N. Fuentes, S. Higdon, T. Perkins, L. Gatens, R. Owens, R. Gayle, C. Backman, K. Clark, J. Grimes, and J. Simkins for their help reviewing photographs. This work was conducted with funding from the National Science Foundation grant #1232442 and #1319293, the VWR Foundation, the U.S. Forest Service, the North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences and the Smithsonian Institution. C. K. Wikle was partially supported by NSF DMS-104903. We thank P. Conn, S. Holan, M. Hooten, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments on early versions of this manuscript. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 28 U2 60 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JAN PY 2016 VL 97 IS 1 BP 48 EP 53 DI 10.1890/15-1193.1 PG 6 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DD3VZ UT WOS:000369852600007 PM 27008774 ER PT J AU Chang, CH Szlavecz, K Filley, T Buyer, JS Bernard, MJ Pitz, SL AF Chang, Chih-Han Szlavecz, Katalin Filley, Timothy Buyer, Jeffrey S. Bernard, Michael J. Pitz, Scott L. TI Belowground competition among invading detritivores SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amynthas hilgendorfi; C-13 and N-15 labeling; earthworm; Eisenoides lonnbergi; functional group; interspecific competition; invasive species; Lumbricus rubellus; Octolasion lacteum; stable isotope; temperate deciduous forest ID STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; LUMBRICUS-RUBELLUS; EARTHWORM INVASIONS; FUNCTIONAL-GROUPS; TEMPERATE FOREST; SOIL BIOTA; DIVERSITY; FOOD; COMMUNITIES; NICHE AB The factors regulating soil animal communities are poorly understood. Current theory favors niche complementarity and facilitation over competition as the primary forms of non-trophic interspecific interaction in soil fauna; however, competition has frequently been suggested as an important community-structuring factor in earthworms, ecosystem engineers that influence belowground processes. To date, direct evidence of competition in earthworms is lacking due to the difficulty inherent in identifying a limiting resource for saprophagous animals. In the present study, we offer the first direct evidence of interspecific competition for food in this dominant soil detritivore group by combining field observations with laboratory mesocosm experiments using C-13 and N-15 double-enriched leaf litter to track consumption patterns. In our experiments, the Asian invasive species Amynthas hilgendorfi was a dominant competitor for leaf litter against two European species currently invading the temperate deciduous forests in North America. This competitive advantage may account for recent invasion success of A. hilgendorfi in forests with established populations of European species, and we hypothesize that specific phenological differences play an important role in determining the outcome of the belowground competition. In contrast, Eisenoides lonnbergi, a common native species in the Eastern United States, occupied a unique trophic position with limited interactions with other species, which may contribute to its persistence in habitats dominated by invasive species. Furthermore, our results supported neither the hypothesis that facilitation occurs between species of different functional groups nor the hypothesis that species in the same group exhibit functional equivalency in C and N translocation in the soil. We propose that species identity is a more powerful approach to understand earthworm invasion and its impacts on belowground processes. C1 [Chang, Chih-Han; Szlavecz, Katalin; Bernard, Michael J.; Pitz, Scott L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA. [Filley, Timothy] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Buyer, Jeffrey S.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Pitz, Scott L.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Bernard, Michael J.] Marine Biol Lab, Ecosyst Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Chang, CH (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA. EM yuanpau@gmail.com OI Buyer, Jeffrey/0000-0003-2098-0547 FU EPS Field Funds; National Science Foundation [EEC-0540832, ACI 1244820, EAR-0748574]; Microsoft Research FX We appreciate two anonymous reviewers for their insightful and constructive comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. We are also grateful to Jay O'Neill, Stanley Tesch, Mac A. Callaham Jr., Pavlo Bohutskyi, Alan Stone, and Chuan-Chin Huang for their suggestions or logistical help, and to the people who helped in the field and during the lab experiments, especially Ziwei He, Kelly Baker, Zachary Ferguson, Adam Dec, and Jia-Hsing Wu. Funding for this study was partially provided by the EPS Field Funds, the National Science Foundation (EEC-0540832, ACI 1244820, and EAR-0748574), and Microsoft Research. NR 63 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 9 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JAN PY 2016 VL 97 IS 1 BP 160 EP 170 DI 10.1890/15-0551.1 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DD3VZ UT WOS:000369852600018 PM 27008785 ER PT J AU Martinez-Izquierdo, L Garcia, MM Powers, JS Schnitzer, SA AF Martinez-Izquierdo, Laura Garcia, Maria M. Powers, Jennifer S. Schnitzer, Stefan A. TI Lianas suppress seedling growth and survival of 14 tree species in a Panamanian tropical forest SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Barro Colorado Island; community ecology; Gigante Peninsula; liana cutting; Panama; tropical plant competition ID BELOW-GROUND COMPETITION; BARRO COLORADO ISLAND; RAIN-FOREST; UNCERTAINTY PRINCIPLE; MOIST-FOREST; COSTA-RICA; REGENERATION; GAPS; UNDERSTOREY; PATTERNS AB Lianas are a common plant growth form in tropical forests, where they compete intensely with trees, decreasing tree recruitment, growth, and survival. If the detrimental effects of lianas vary significantly with tree species identity, as is often assumed, then lianas may influence tree species diversity and community composition. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that liana abundance and biomass are increasing relative to trees in neotropical forests, which will likely magnify the detrimental effects of lianas and may ultimately alter tree species diversity, relative abundances, and community composition. Few studies, however, have tested the responses of multiple tree species to the presence of lianas in robust, well-replicated experiments. We tested the hypotheses that lianas reduce tree seedling growth and survival, and that the effect of lianas varies with tree species identity. We used a large-scale liana removal experiment in Central Panama in which we planted 14 replicate seedlings of 14 different tree species that varied in shade tolerance in each of 16 80x80m plots (eight liana-removal and eight unmanipulated controls; 3136 total seedlings). Over a nearly two-yr period, we found that tree seedlings survived 75% more, grew 300% taller, and had twice the aboveground biomass in liana-removal plots than seedlings in control plots, consistent with strong competition between lianas and tree seedlings. There were no significant differences in the response of tree species to liana competition (i.e., there was no species by treatment interaction), indicating that lianas had a similar negative effect on all 14 tree species. Furthermore, the effect of lianas did not vary with tree species shade tolerance classification, suggesting that the liana effect was not solely based on light. Based on these findings, recently observed increases in liana abundance in neotropical forests will substantially reduce tree regeneration, but will not significantly alter tropical tree species diversity, relative abundance, or community composition. C1 [Martinez-Izquierdo, Laura; Garcia, Maria M.; Schnitzer, Stefan A.] Marquette Univ, Dept Biol Sci, POB 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Powers, Jennifer S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Powers, Jennifer S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Powers, Jennifer S.; Schnitzer, Stefan A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. RP Schnitzer, SA (reprint author), Marquette Univ, Dept Biol Sci, POB 1881, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.; Schnitzer, SA (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama. EM S1@marquette.edu FU [NSF-DEB 0845071]; [NSF-DEB1019436]; [NSF DEB-1019441] FX We thank Guadalupe Alvarado, Evelyn Sanchez, Salome Perez, Oldemar Valdes, Abelino Valdes, Severino Valdes, and Boris Bernal for valuable assistance in the field. We are grateful to Nick Rowe, Deborah Clark, and especially Natalia Norden, who made substantive comments on several versions of the manuscript. Financial support was provided by NSF-DEB 0845071 and NSF-DEB 1019436 (to S. A. Schnitzer), and NSF DEB-1019441 (to J. S. Powers). NR 64 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 12 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JAN PY 2016 VL 97 IS 1 BP 215 EP 224 DI 10.1890/14-2261.1 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DD3VZ UT WOS:000369852600023 PM 27008790 ER PT J AU DeVience, SJ Walsworth, RL Rosen, MS AF DeVience, Stephen J. Walsworth, Ronald L. Rosen, Matthew S. TI Probing scalar coupling differences via long-lived singlet states SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE LA English DT Article DE Nuclear singlet state; Spin-lock induced crossing; J coupling; Decoherence-free subspace ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SPIN STATES; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; SLOW DIFFUSION; HYPERPOLARIZATION; LIFETIMES; ORDER; FIELD; MRI; POLARIZATION AB We probe small scalar coupling differences via the coherent interactions between two nuclear spin singlet states in organic molecules. We show that the spin-lock induced crossing (SLIC) technique enables the coherent transfer of singlet order between one spin pair and another. The transfer is mediated by the difference in syn and anti vicinal or long-range J couplings among the spins. By measuring the transfer rate, we calculate a J coupling difference of 8 +/- 2 mHz in phenylalanine-glycine-glycine and 2.57 +/- 0.04 Hz in glutamate. We also characterize a coherence between two singlet states in glutamate, which may enable the creation of a long-lived quantum memory. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [DeVience, Stephen J.] Harvard Univ, Dept Chem & Chem Biol, 12 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Walsworth, Ronald L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Walsworth, Ronald L.; Rosen, Matthew S.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, 17 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Walsworth, Ronald L.] Harvard Univ, Ctr Brain Sci, 52 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Rosen, Matthew S.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Rosen, Matthew S.] AA Martinos Ctr Biomed Imaging, 149 Thirteenth St, Boston, MA 02129 USA. RP Walsworth, RL (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, MS 59,60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM rwalsworth@cfa.harvard.edu RI DeVience, Stephen/D-7274-2012 OI DeVience, Stephen/0000-0003-3142-7296 FU National Science Foundation; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation and the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1090-7807 EI 1096-0856 J9 J MAGN RESON JI J. Magn. Reson. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 262 BP 42 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.jmr.2015.12.003 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physics; Spectroscopy GA DD4FK UT WOS:000369877700007 PM 26717036 ER PT J AU Cairns, SD AF Cairns, Stephen D. TI A key to the genera and species of the transversely-dividing Flabellidae (Anthozoa, Scleractinia, Flabellidae), with a guide to the literature, and the description of two new species SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Flabellidae; Truncatoflabellum; Placotrochides; Blastotrochus; Placotrochus; Falcatoflabellum; transversely dividing; key; asexual reproduction ID AZOOXANTHELLATE SCLERACTINIA; CNIDARIA ANTHOZOA; CORALS; ISLANDS; VANUATU AB The transversely-dividing flabellids consist of five genera (Truncatoflabellum, Placotrochides, Blastotrochus, Placotrochus, and Falcatoflabellum) and 45 species. A dichotomous key is provided for these five genera as well as the species of the genus Truncatoflabellum and Placotrochides, the other three genera being monotypic. A tabular key is also provided for the 38 species of Truncatoflabellum. Two new combinations are suggested (T. gambierense and T. sphenodeum) and two new species are described (T. duncani and T. mozambiquensis). All but one species are illustrated and accompanied by their known distribution and a guide to the pertinent literature for the species. New records of 19 of the 45 species are listed. The transversely-dividing flabellids range from the Middle Eocene to the Recent at depths of 2-3010 m, and constitute 60% of the 65 known extant species of transversely-dividing Scleractinia. C1 [Cairns, Stephen D.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Cairns, SD (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM cairnss@si.edu NR 70 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 562 BP 1 EP 48 DI 10.3897/zookeys.562.7310 PG 48 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DD5LE UT WOS:000369964400001 PM 27006620 ER PT J AU Whelan, NV Strong, EE AF Whelan, Nathan V. Strong, Ellen E. TI Morphology, molecules and taxonomy: extreme incongruence in pleurocerids (Gastropoda, Cerithioidea, Pleuroceridae) SO ZOOLOGICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID POTOMAC HORSE FEVER; FRESH-WATER SNAIL; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; EHRLICHIA-RISTICII; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; ECOPHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; LITHASIA GASTROPODA; POPULATION-GROWTH AB Pronounced mitochondrial heterogeneity within putative species of Pleuroceridae has prevented meaningful systematic revisions of this critically imperilled freshwater family. Previous studies have demonstrated that this mitochondrial diversity often produces polyphyletic species on mitochondrial gene trees, but its significance is unclear. Hypotheses advanced to explain this pattern have included cryptic species, retained ancestral polymorphisms and introgression; other possible explanations such as doubly uniparental inheritance or the presence of pseudogenes have not been given due consideration. Previous analyses have not included adequate sampling, neither in terms of number of individuals nor in geographic coverage, to adequately test any of these hypotheses. To fully characterize mitochondrial heterogeneity in pleurocerids and robustly assess possible causal explanations, we collected 239 individuals representing four putative species from seven sites and sequenced the COI and 16S rRNA mitochondrial genes and the H3 nuclear gene for all individuals. We also used whole-genome shotgun sequencing to construct and annotate a mitochondrial genome for one individual. Characters with demonstrated utility in morphospecies delineation of gastropods (head-foot coloration, shell and radular morphology, pallial oviduct anatomy) were examined for a subset of individuals to determine whether morphology co-varied by haplotype clade. We found pronounced mitochondrial heterogeneity at both the population level and species level in three of the species examined, but our data reject paralogous nuclear copies of mitochondrial genes (NUMTs) and doubly uniparental inheritance as causal mechanisms, and there was no evidence of cryptic diversity. Mutation rates were found to differ significantly among mitochondrial lineages, and population genetic statistics revealed a signature of balancing selection that could be acting to maintain this diversity. The observed pattern is similar to that seen in lineages with inherited endosymbionts like Wolbachia infections, which merits further investigation. Although questions remain concerning the precise cause(s) of intraspecific mitochondrial diversity in pleurocerids, nuclear and/or genomic data, combined with anatomical and life history investigations in an integrative phylogenetic context, is the most promising avenue for resolving pleurocerid systematics. C1 [Whelan, Nathan V.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Box 870345, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Whelan, Nathan V.] Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 101 Life Sci Bldg, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Strong, Ellen E.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 163, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Whelan, NV (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Box 870345, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM nwhelan@auburn.edu; StrongE@si.edu OI Whelan, Nathan/0000-0002-3542-2102 FU Birmingham Audubon Society; American Malacological Society; Conchologists of America; Smithsonian Institution predoctoral fellowship; National Science Foundation DDIG [DEB-1110638] FX P.D. Johnson, J.T. Garner (Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources), E. Hartfield (Oregon State University) and E. Toso helped collect snails. P.M. Harris (University of Alabama), D.L. Graf (University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point) and B.L. Fluker (Arkansas State University) provided discussions that improved this manuscript. D. Schneider aided with GIS. We are grateful to R. Turner and A. Windsor (Laboratories of Analytical Biology, USNM) for generating the COI, 16S and H3 sequences, and to Vanessa Gonzalez (LAB, USNM) for producing the mitochondrial genome and preliminary annotations. Four anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments to improve this manuscript. This work was made possible in part by a grant of high-performance computing resources and technical support from the Alabama Supercomputer Authority. The Birmingham Audubon Society, American Malacological Society, Conchologists of America, a Smithsonian Institution predoctoral fellowship to NVW, and a National Science Foundation DDIG (award DEB-1110638 to NVW) provided funding for non-computing aspects of this study. Sampling was completed under respective state permits, federal permit TE130300 and a United States Fish and Wildlife Service Section 6 agreement with the Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. NR 105 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0300-3256 EI 1463-6409 J9 ZOOL SCR JI Zool. Scr. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 45 IS 1 BP 62 EP 87 DI 10.1111/zsc.12139 PG 26 WC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology SC Evolutionary Biology; Zoology GA DD7AG UT WOS:000370075400006 ER PT J AU Somgird, C Homkong, P Sripiboon, S Brown, JL Stout, TAE Colenbrander, B Mahasawangkul, S Thitaram, C AF Somgird, Chaleamchat Homkong, Pongpon Sripiboon, Supaphen Brown, Janine L. Stout, Tom A. E. Colenbrander, Ben Mahasawangkul, Sittidet Thitaram, Chatchote TI Potential of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone vaccine to suppress musth in captive male Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) SO ANIMAL REPRODUCTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Asian elephant (Elephas maximus); GnRH vaccine; GnRH antibody titer; Musth; Testosterone; LH ID FEMALE AFRICAN ELEPHANTS; LOXODONTA-AFRICANA; SERUM TESTOSTERONE; COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY; NONINVASIVE ASSESSMENT; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; OVARIAN CYCLICITY; BULL; GNRH; BEHAVIOR AB Musth in adult bull elephants is a period of increased androgen concentrations ranging from a few weeks to several months. For captive elephant bull management, musth presents a serious challenge because of the aggressive behavior of musth bulls toward people and other elephants. Commercially available GnRH vaccines have been shown to suppress testicular function by interrupting the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis in many species. The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of a GnRH vaccine in elephant bulls for suppressing the HPG axis and mitigating musth-related aggressive behavior. Five adult Asian elephant bulls (22-55 years old) were immunized with a GnRH vaccine starting with an initial injection 2-4 months before the predicted musth period, and followed by three boosters at approximately 4-week intervals. Blood samples were collected twice weekly for hormone and antibody titer analysis. An increase in GnRH antibody titers was observed in all bulls after the second or third booster, and titers remained elevated for 2-3 months after the final booster. Musth was attenuated and shortened in three bulls and postponed completely in two. We conclude that GnRH vaccination is capable of suppressing symptoms of musth in adult bull elephants. With appropriate timing, GnRH vaccination could be used to control or manage musth and aggressive behavior in captive elephant bulls. However, more work is needed to identify an optimal dose, booster interval, and vaccination schedule for complete suppression of testicular steroidogenesis. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Somgird, Chaleamchat; Thitaram, Chatchote] Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Vet Med, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. [Somgird, Chaleamchat; Sripiboon, Supaphen; Thitaram, Chatchote] Chiang Mai Univ, Ctr Excellence Elephant Res & Educ, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. [Homkong, Pongpon; Mahasawangkul, Sittidet] Forest Ind Org, Natl Elephant Inst, Thai Elephant Conservat Ctr, Lampang 52190, Thailand. [Brown, Janine L.] Smithsonian Inst, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Stout, Tom A. E.; Colenbrander, Ben] Univ Utrecht, Fac Vet Med, Yalelaan 112, NL-3854 CM Utrecht, Netherlands. [Stout, Tom A. E.] Univ Pretoria, Fac Vet Sci, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Homkong, Pongpon] Chiang Mai Municipal, Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Vet Sect, Muang Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. [Sripiboon, Supaphen] Kasetsart Univ, Fac Vet Med, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand. RP Somgird, C (reprint author), Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Vet Med, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand. EM chaleamchat.s@cmu.ac.th; chatchote.thitaram@cmu.ac.th FU National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT); Royal Thai Government scholarship; Asia-Link Programme, Europe-aid Co-operation Office; Elephant Hill; Elephant Nature Park; National Elephant Institute FX We would like to thank the National Research Council of Thailand (NRCT), Royal Thai Government scholarship and the Asia-Link Programme, Europe-aid Co-operation Office for providing research funding. Elephant Hill, Elephant Nature Park, and the National Elephant Institute for co-operating in and supporting this study, Miss Chawewan Nhuthong, Dr. Prasit Moleechai, and the mahouts for taking care of the elephants and their kind help. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4320 EI 1873-2232 J9 ANIM REPROD SCI JI Anim. Reprod. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 164 BP 111 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.11.019 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Reproductive Biology SC Agriculture; Reproductive Biology GA DC9TC UT WOS:000369562900015 PM 26656504 ER PT J AU Imara, N Loeb, A AF Imara, N. Loeb, A. TI LIMITS ON INTERGALACTIC DUST DURING REIONIZATION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE dark ages, reionization, first stars; dust, extinction; galaxies: high-redshift; intergalactic medium ID INTERSTELLAR DUST; METAL ENRICHMENT; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; GALAXIES; METALLICITY; ABSORPTION; CONSTRAINTS; SUPERNOVA; EVOLUTION; CLUSTERS AB In this Letter, we constrain the dust-to-gas ratio in the intergalactic medium (IGM) at high redshifts. We employ models for dust in the local universe to constrain the dust-to-gas ratio during the epoch of reionization at redshifts z similar to 6-10. The observed level of reddening of high redshift galaxies implies that the IGM was enriched to an intergalactic dust-to-gas ratio of less than 3% of the Milky Way value by a redshift of z = 10. C1 [Imara, N.; Loeb, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Imara, N (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM nimara@cfa.harvard.edu FU NSF [AST-1312034]; Harvard-MIT FFL Postdoctoral Fellowship FX We thank Anastasia Fialkov, Pascal Oesch, and Steven Furlanetto for their helpful comments on the paper. We also thank an anonymous referee whose suggestions helped to improve this paper. This work was supported in part by NSF grant AST-1312034. N.I. acknowledges the support of the Harvard-MIT FFL Postdoctoral Fellowship. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 1 AR L16 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/816/1/L16 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DC7AE UT WOS:000369369900016 ER PT J AU Simionescu, A Stawarz, L Ichinohe, Y Cheung, CC Jamrozy, M Siemiginowska, A Hagino, K Gandhi, P Werner, N AF Simionescu, A. Stawarz, L. Ichinohe, Y. Cheung, C. C. Jamrozy, M. Siemiginowska, A. Hagino, K. Gandhi, P. Werner, N. TI SERENDIPITOUS DISCOVERY OF AN EXTENDED X-RAY JET WITHOUT A RADIO COUNTERPART IN A HIGH-REDSHIFT QUASAR SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: jets; quasars: individual (B3 0727+409); radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; radio continuum: galaxies; X-rays: general ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SCALE JETS; EMISSION; CHANDRA; Z=4.3; GB-1508+5714; EVOLUTION AB A recent Chandra observation of the nearby galaxy cluster Abell 585 has led to the discovery of an extended X-ray jet associated with the high-redshift background quasar B3 0727+ 409, a luminous radio source at redshift z = 2.5. This is one of only few examples of high-redshift X-ray jets known to date. It has a clear extension of about 12", corresponding to a projected length of similar to 100 kpc, with a possible hot spot located 35" from the quasar. The archival high resolution Very Large Array maps surprisingly reveal no extended jet emission, except for one knot about 1"4 from the quasar. The high X-ray to radio luminosity ratio for this source appears consistent with the alpha(1 + z)(4) amplification expected from the inverse Compton radiative model. This serendipitous discovery may signal the existence of an entire population of similar systems with bright X-ray and faint radio jets at high redshift, a selection bias that must be accounted for when drawing any conclusions about the redshift evolution of jet properties and indeed about the cosmological evolution of supermassive black holes and active galactic nuclei in general. C1 [Simionescu, A.; Ichinohe, Y.; Hagino, K.] JAXA, ISAS, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Stawarz, L.; Jamrozy, M.] Jagiellonian Univ, Astron Observ, Ul Orla 171, PL-30244 Krakow, Poland. [Ichinohe, Y.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Cheung, C. C.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Siemiginowska, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Gandhi, P.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Werner, N.] Stanford Univ, KIPAC, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Werner, N.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Simionescu, A (reprint author), JAXA, ISAS, Chuo Ku, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. OI , kouichi/0000-0003-4235-5304 FU Polish NSC [DEC-2012/04/A/ST9/00083, DEC-2013/09/B/ST9/00599]; NASA [DPR S-15633-Y, NAS8-03060, GO5-16127X] FX L.S. and M.J. were supported by Polish NSC grants DEC-2012/04/A/ST9/00083 and DEC-2013/09/B/ST9/00599, respectively. Y.I. acknowledges a Grant-in-Aid for Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Fellows. C.C.C. was supported at NRL by NASA DPR S-15633-Y. A. Siemiginowska was supported by NASA contract NAS8-03060 to the Chandra X-ray Center. N.W. acknowledges NASA grant GO5-16127X. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 1 AR L15 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/816/1/L15 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DC7AE UT WOS:000369369900015 ER PT J AU Toloba, E Sand, DJ Spekkens, K Crnojevic, D Simon, JD Guhathakurta, P Strader, J Caldwell, N McLeod, B Seth, AC AF Toloba, Elisa Sand, David J. Spekkens, Kristine Crnojevic, Denija Simon, Joshua D. Guhathakurta, Puragra Strader, Jay Caldwell, Nelson McLeod, Brian Seth, Anil C. TI A TIDALLY DISRUPTING DWARF GALAXY IN THE HALO OF NGC 253 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: dwarf; galaxies: halos; galaxies: individual (NGC 253); galaxies: photometry; galaxies: stellar content ID MILKY-WAY SATELLITE; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; GIANT BRANCH STARS; SPHEROIDAL GALAXIES; DIFFUSE GALAXIES; LOCAL GROUP; 3-PI SURVEY; M81 GROUP; FAINT; DISCOVERY AB We report the discovery of Scl-MM-Dw2, a new dwarf galaxy at a projected separation of similar to 50 kpc from NGC 253, as part of the Panoramic Imaging Survey of Centaurus and Sculptor project (PISCeS). We measure a tip of the red giant branch (RGB) distance of 3.12. +/- 0.30 Mpc, suggesting that Scl-MM-Dw2 is likely a satellite of NGC 253. We qualitatively compare the distribution of RGB stars in the color-magnitude diagram with theoretical isochrones and find that it is consistent with an old, similar to 12 Gyr, and metal-poor, -2.3 < [Fe/H]. < -1.1, stellar population. We also detect a small number of asymptotic giant branch stars consistent with a metal-poor 2-3 Gyr population in the center of the dwarf. Our non-detection of HI in a deep Green Bank Telescope spectrum implies a gas fractionM(HI)/L-V < 0.02M(circle dot) L-circle dot. The stellar and gaseous properties of Scl-MM-Dw2 suggest that it is a dwarf spheroidal galaxy. Scl-MM-Dw2 has a luminosity of M-V = -12.1 +/- 0.5 mag and a half-light radius of r(h) = 2.94 +/- 0.46 kpc, which makes it moderately larger than dwarf galaxies in the Local Group of the same luminosity. However, Scl-MM-Dw2 is very elongated (epsilon= 0.66 +/- 0.06), and it has an extremely low surface brightness (mu(0,V) = 27.7 +/- 0.6 mag arcsec(-2)). Its elongation and diffuseness make it an outlier in the ellipticity-luminosity and surface brightness-luminosity scaling relations. These properties suggest that this dwarf is being tidally disrupted by NGC 253. C1 [Toloba, Elisa; Sand, David J.; Crnojevic, Denija] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Box 41051, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Toloba, Elisa; Guhathakurta, Puragra] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, UCO Lick Observ, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Spekkens, Kristine] Royal Mil Coll Canada, Dept Phys, POB 17000, Kingston, ON K7L 7B4, Canada. [Simon, Joshua D.] Carnegie Observ, 813 Santa Barbara St, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Strader, Jay] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Caldwell, Nelson; McLeod, Brian] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Seth, Anil C.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Toloba, E (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Phys, Box 41051, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.; Toloba, E (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, UCO Lick Observ, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM toloba@ucolick.org OI Seth, Anil/0000-0003-0248-5470 FU NSF [AST-1412504, AST-1010039, AST-1517649]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) FX E.T., D.J.S, J.D.S., and P.G. acknowledge the NSF grant AST-1412504. E.T. and P.G. are also supported by NSF grant AST-1010039 and D.J.S. by AST-1517649. K.S. acknowledges support from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). NR 51 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 1 AR L5 DI 10.3847/2041-8205/816/1/L5 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DC7AE UT WOS:000369369900005 ER PT J AU Wiggins, NL Forrister, DL Endara, MJ Coley, PD Kursar, TA AF Wiggins, Natasha L. Forrister, Dale L. Endara, Maria-Jose Coley, Phyllis D. Kursar, Thomas A. TI Quantitative and qualitative shifts in defensive metabolites define chemical defense investment during leaf development in Inga, a genus of tropical trees SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Foliar chemistry; Inga; leaf development; metabolomics; plant defense traits; secondary metabolites ID PLANT DEFENSE; YOUNG LEAVES; ANTIHERBIVORE DEFENSES; HERBIVORY; DIVERSITY; SECONDARY; EVOLUTION; AVAILABILITY; STRATEGIES; CHEMISTRY AB Selective pressures imposed by herbivores are often positively correlated with investments that plants make in defense. Research based on the framework of an evolutionary arms race has improved our understanding of why the amount and types of defenses differ between plant species. However, plant species are exposed to different selective pressures during the life of a leaf, such that expanding leaves suffer more damage from herbivores and pathogens than mature leaves. We hypothesize that this differential selective pressure may result in contrasting quantitative and qualitative defense investment in plants exposed to natural selective pressures in the field. To characterize shifts in chemical defenses, we chose six species of Inga, a speciose Neotropical tree genus. Focal species represent diverse chemical, morphological, and developmental defense traits and were collected from a single site in the Amazonian rainforest. Chemical defenses were measured gravimetrically and by characterizing the metabolome of expanding and mature leaves. Quantitative investment in phenolics plus saponins, the major classes of chemical defenses identified in Inga, was greater for expanding than mature leaves (46% and 24% of dry weight, respectively). This supports the theory that, because expanding leaves are under greater selective pressure from herbivores, they rely more upon chemical defense as an antiherbivore strategy than do mature leaves. Qualitatively, mature and expanding leaves were distinct and mature leaves contained more total and unique metabolites. Intraspecific variation was greater for mature leaves than expanding leaves, suggesting that leaf development is canalized. This study provides a snapshot of chemical defense investment in a speciose genus of tropical trees during the short, few-week period of leaf development. Exploring the metabolome through quantitative and qualitative profiling enables a more comprehensive examination of foliar chemical defense investment. C1 [Wiggins, Natasha L.; Forrister, Dale L.; Endara, Maria-Jose; Coley, Phyllis D.; Kursar, Thomas A.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Wiggins, Natasha L.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Biol Sci, Private Bag 5, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Coley, Phyllis D.; Kursar, Thomas A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Wiggins, NL (reprint author), Univ Tasmania, Sch Biol Sci, Private Bag 5, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. EM wigginsn@utas.edu.au FU Directorate for Biological Sciences [DEB-1135733] FX Directorate for Biological Sciences, (Grant/Award Number: DEB-1135733). NR 73 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 6 IS 2 BP 478 EP 492 DI 10.1002/ece3.1896 PG 15 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DC4BJ UT WOS:000369164400008 PM 26843932 ER PT J AU Zhang, KM Shen, Y Fang, YM Liu, Y AF Zhang, Kai-Mei Shen, Yu Fang, Yan-Ming Liu, Ying TI Changes in gametophyte physiology of Pteris multifida induced by the leaf leachate treatment of the invasive Bidens pilosa SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Pteris multifida; Gametophyte; Bidens pilosa; allelopathy ID INDUCED OXIDATIVE STRESS; AGERATINA-ADENOPHORA; SPORE GERMINATION; PLANT INVASION; VITTATA L; CYANOBACTERIA; INHIBITION; MECHANISM; IMPACTS; REVEALS AB In recent years, the response of fern gametophytes to environment has raised much attention. However, studies on the influence of plant invasion to fern gametophytes are scarce. Allelopathy plays an important role in biological invasion. Hence, it is necessary to study the allelopathic effects of invasive plants on fern gametophytes and elucidate the mechanisms by which invasive plants cause phytotoxicity. As one of the main invasive plants in China, Bidens pilosa exhibits allelopathic effects on spermatophyte growth. Field investigation shows that many ferns are threatened by the invasion of B. pilosa. The distribution of Pteris multifida overlaps with that of B. pilosa in China. To examine the potential involvement of allelopathic mechanisms of B. pilosa leaves, changes in the physiology in P. multifida gametophytes are analyzed. We found that cell membrane and antioxidant enzyme activities as well as photosynthesis pigment contents of the gametophytes were affected by B. pilosa leachates. Gametophytes of P. multifida exposed to B. pilosa had increased damages to cell membranes, expressed in thiobarbituric acid reacting substance (TBARS) concentrations, malondialdehyde (MDA), electrolyte leakage (membrane permeability), and degree of injury. Enzyme activities, assessed by superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) as well as guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) enhanced with the increase in leachate concentration after 2-day exposure. Meanwhile, lower chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), carotenoid (Car), and the total chlorophyll were measured as leachate concentrations increased. At day 10, leaf leachates of B. pilosa exhibited the greatest inhibition. These results suggest that the observed inhibitory or stimulatory effects on the physiology studied can have an adverse effect on P. multifida and that allelopathic interference seems to have involved in this process. C1 [Zhang, Kai-Mei; Shen, Yu; Fang, Yan-Ming; Liu, Ying] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coinnovat Ctr Sustainable Forestry Southern China, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Kai-Mei; Shen, Yu; Fang, Yan-Ming; Liu, Ying] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Biol & Environm, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Kai-Mei] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Shen, Yu] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Fang, YM (reprint author), Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coinnovat Ctr Sustainable Forestry Southern China, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.; Fang, YM (reprint author), Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Biol & Environm, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM jwu4@njfu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31200233]; Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD); Collaborative Innovation Plan of Jiangsu Higher Education; Jiangsu Government Scholarship for Overseas Studies; Laboratories of Analytical Biology of the National Museum of Natural History, the Smithsonian Institution FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31200233), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), Collaborative Innovation Plan of Jiangsu Higher Education, the Jiangsu Government Scholarship for Overseas Studies, and the Laboratories of Analytical Biology of the National Museum of Natural History, the Smithsonian Institution. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 17 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 EI 1614-7499 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 23 IS 4 BP 3578 EP 3585 DI 10.1007/s11356-015-5589-x PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC6PP UT WOS:000369342400059 PM 26490937 ER PT J AU Tichenor, HR Culver, SJ Corbett, DR Walsh, JP Buzas, MA AF Tichenor, Hal R. Culver, Stephen J. Corbett, D. Reide Walsh, John P. Buzas, Martin A. TI DOES THE PEB INDEX RESPOND ONLY TO HYPOXIA IN THE MISSISSIPPI DELTA, GULF OF MEXICO? SO JOURNAL OF FORAMINIFERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID LOUISIANA CONTINENTAL-SHELF; NORTHERN ADRIATIC SEA; BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA; OXYGEN DEPLETION; RIVER DELTA; COASTAL EUTROPHICATION; HISTORICAL TRENDS; SEASONAL HYPOXIA; DEEP-SEA; BAY AB The frequency of anthropogenic seasonal hypoxia on the continental shelf west of the Mississippi Delta (the Louisiana Bight) has increased since the middle of the 20th century. This study applies the PEB index, a proxy for hypoxia, to four similar to 2 m kasten cores taken southwest of Southwest Pass of the Mississippi Delta. The PEB index is defined as the cumulative percent of Protononion atlanticum ( = Nonionella atlantica of this study), Nonionella opima, Epistominella vitrea and Buliminella morgani. The PEB index varies little in the shallowest core, KC4 (59 m water depth). Assemblages were strongly dominated by PEB taxa (average 95%), due mainly to the dominance of E. vitrea (average 76%). In core KC3 (75 m), an average PEB value of 84% is also due mainly to E. vitrea (61%). The PEB index of KC3 was consistently higher above 90 cm, a level dated at 1955-1960 (Pb-210 age estimate), and could reflect an increased influence of hypoxia or an increased rate of sediment accumulation associated with delta progradation. A similar trend characterizes core KC2 (87 m). The PEB index is 18% from 240 cm to 140 cm, increasing up core as the abundance of E. vitrea increases, likely due to delta progradation. Other PEB taxa, B. morgani and N. opima, increase in the top 30 cm of the core, probably due to increased hypoxia between 1952 and 1968 (Pb-210 age estimate). Core KC1 (473 m) differed from shallower cores in its higher species diversity. Bolivina lowmani, Cassidulina neocarinata, and Bolivina ordinaria each comprise similar to 15% of assemblages and PEB taxa are rare (average 5%) but increase to 19% in a 30 cm interval attributed to off-shelf transport. We conclude that the PEB index is a useful indicator of anthropogenic hypoxia but dominance of E. vitrea may also be attributable to sedimentological factors related to delta progradation. C1 [Tichenor, Hal R.; Culver, Stephen J.; Corbett, D. Reide; Walsh, John P.] E Carolina Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. [Buzas, Martin A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Culver, SJ (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. EM culvers@ecu.edu FU American Chemical Society (Petroleum Research Found) [49560-ND8]; National Science Foundation [OCE-0841092, OCE-0452166] FX Acknowledgment is made to the donors of the American Chemical Society (Petroleum Research Found award 49560-ND8) for support of this research. Cores were collected under National Science Foundation awards OCE-0841092 and OCE-0452166. Katrina Rabien, Sarah Hardison, Anna Lee Woodson and Caitlin Lauback provided support in the laboratory. Reviews by C. Wylie Poag and Lisa Osterman were very useful. NR 102 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU CUSHMAN FOUNDATION FORAMINIFERAL RES PI CAMBRIDGE PA MUSEUM COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY, DEPT INVERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY 26 OXFORD ST, HARVARD UNIV, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02138 USA SN 0096-1191 J9 J FORAMIN RES JI J. Foraminifer. Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 46 IS 1 BP 48 EP 60 PG 13 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA DC8KK UT WOS:000369468200007 ER PT J AU Robinson, H Yankowski, S AF Robinson, Harold Yankowski, Stanley TI The Taxonomic Significance of ducts in the corolla lobes of Vernonia (Vernonieae: Asteraceae) SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Ducts; corolla lobes; Vernonia; Vernonanthura; Trepadonia ID PLANT MATERIAL AB The multiple longitudinal ducts in the corolla lobes found in the closely related genera Vernonia, Vernonanthura and Trepadonia are microscopically studied and illustrated. The lack of such ducts in the two South American species that have until now been retained in Vernonia indicates that they should probably be excluded from the genus. C1 [Robinson, Harold; Yankowski, Stanley] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, NMNH, MRC 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Robinson, H (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, NMNH, MRC 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM robinsoh@si.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2016 VL 58 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.58.7009 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DC6WQ UT WOS:000369360700001 ER PT J AU Costion, CM Plunkett, GM AF Costion, Craig M. Plunkett, Gregory M. TI A revision of the genus Osmoxylon (Araliaceae) in Palau, including two new species SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Pacific Islands; taxonomy; Asteriids; Apiales AB Osmoxylon Miq. (Araliaceae) is revised for Palau, Micronesia including descriptions of two new taxa Osmoxylon leidichii Costion, sp. nov. and Osmoxylon ngardokense Costion, sp. nov. Full descriptions are provided for all four Palau species, along with diagnostic field keys. C1 [Costion, Craig M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Plunkett, Gregory M.] New York Bot Garden, Cullman Program Mol Systemat, 2900 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY 10458 USA. RP Costion, CM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM costionc@si.edu FU Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, US Forest Service FX This work was made possible through the funding of the Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, US Forest Service. We would like to especially also thank Susan Cordell, Christian Giardina, Julian Dendy, Kevin Mesebeluu, Lori Colin, Misako Mishima at the Kyushu University Museum herbarium, Ron Leidich, Palau Forestry, the Ngardok Nature Reserve, Melekeok State, Ann Kitalong, the Belau National Museum, the Coral Reef Research Foundation of Palau, Michael Balick, and the National Geographic Society. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2016 VL 58 BP 49 EP 64 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.58.5292 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DC6WQ UT WOS:000369360700004 ER PT J AU Appelhans, MS Wen, J AF Appelhans, Marc S. Wen, Jun TI On the identity of Blanco's Cissus frutescens and its correct name in Melicope (Rutaceae) with neotypification of Cissus arborea Blanco SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Blanco; Cissus; Melicope confusa; Melicope frutescens; Nomenclature; Philippines; Rutaceae; Vitaceae ID COMBINATIONS AB The names Cissus frutescens and C. arborea have a long history of confusion. Cissus frutescens Blanco belongs to the genus Melicope (Rutaceae) and we herein correct a nomenclatural mistake made by T.G. Hartley in the revision of Melicope. The name Melicope confusa (Merr.) P.S. Liu was accepted for this taxon by Hartley. However, Cissus frutescens Blanco represents the earliest name for this entity and a new combination, Melicope frutescens (Blanco) Appelhans & J.Wen is herein proposed. Neotypification of Cissus arborea Blanco is also provided. C1 [Appelhans, Marc S.] Univ Gottingen, Albrecht von Haller Inst Plant Sci, Dept Systemat Bot, Untere Karspule 2, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany. [Appelhans, Marc S.; Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Appelhans, MS (reprint author), Univ Gottingen, Albrecht von Haller Inst Plant Sci, Dept Systemat Bot, Untere Karspule 2, D-37073 Gottingen, Germany.; Appelhans, MS (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM Marc.Appelhans@biologie.uni-goettingen.de FU Open Access Publication Funds of Gottingen University FX We thank Sue Lutz for her assistance with obtaining relevant publications, the curators of A for providing a high-resolution image of the specimen Merrill 904, Warren Wagner, Larry Dorr and John Boggan for their suggestions, and Pedro Acevedo for his detailed edits of the manuscript. We acknowledge support by the Open Access Publication Funds of Gottingen University. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2016 VL 58 BP 81 EP 85 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.58.5847 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DC6WQ UT WOS:000369360700006 ER PT J AU Brilhaus, D Brautigam, A Mettler-Altmann, T Winter, K Weber, APM AF Brilhaus, Dominik Braeutigam, Andrea Mettler-Altmann, Tabea Winter, Klaus Weber, Andreas P. M. TI Reversible Burst of Transcriptional Changes during Induction of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism in Talinum triangulare SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE KINASE; COMMON ICE PLANT; 2C PROTEIN PHOSPHATASES; ZINC-FINGER PROTEIN; MESEMBRYANTHEMUM-CRYSTALLINUM; ABSCISIC-ACID; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; C-4 PHOTOSYNTHESIS; MESSENGER-RNA; ENZYMATIC CHARACTERISTICS AB Drought tolerance is a key factor for agriculture in the 21st century as it is a major determinant of plant survival in natural ecosystems as well as crop productivity. Plants have evolved a range of mechanisms to cope with drought, including a specialized type of photosynthesis termed Crassulacean acid metabolism(CAM). CAM is associated with stomatal closure during the day as atmospheric CO2 is assimilated primarily during the night, thus reducing transpirational water loss. The tropical herbaceous perennial species Talinum triangulare is capable of transitioning, in a facultative, reversible manner, from C-3 photosynthesis to weakly expressed CAM in response to drought stress. The transcriptional regulation of this transition has been studied. Combining mRNA-Seq with targeted metabolite measurements, we found highly elevated levels of CAM-cycle enzyme transcripts and their metabolic products in T. triangulare leaves upon water deprivation. The carbohydrate metabolism is rewired to reduce the use of reserves for growth to support the CAM-cycle and the synthesis of compatible solutes. This large-scale expression dataset of drought-induced CAM demonstrates transcriptional regulation of the C-3-CAM transition. We identified candidate transcription factors to mediate this photosynthetic plasticity, which may contribute in the future to the design of more drought-tolerant crops via engineered CAM. C1 [Brilhaus, Dominik; Braeutigam, Andrea; Mettler-Altmann, Tabea; Weber, Andreas P. M.] Univ Dusseldorf, Inst Plant Biochem, Cluster Excellence Plant Sci CEPLAS, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. [Winter, Klaus] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Weber, APM (reprint author), Univ Dusseldorf, Inst Plant Biochem, Cluster Excellence Plant Sci CEPLAS, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. EM andreas.weber@hhu.de RI Weber, Andreas/A-6250-2011; OI Weber, Andreas/0000-0003-0970-4672; Brilhaus, Dominik/0000-0001-9021-3197 FU International Graduate Program for Plant Science (iGRAD-Plant); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [EXC 1028, IRTG 1525]; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX This work was supported by the International Graduate Program for Plant Science (iGRAD-Plant; to D.B.) and grants from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (EXC 1028; IRTG 1525 to A.P.M.W.). K.W. was supported by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. NR 110 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 23 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 170 IS 1 BP 102 EP 122 DI 10.1104/pp.15.01076 PG 21 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DC6OB UT WOS:000369338300009 PM 26530316 ER PT J AU Ackermann, M Ajello, M Atwood, WB Baldini, L Ballet, J Barbiellini, G Bastieri, D Gonzalez, JB Bellazzini, R Bissaldi, E Blandford, RD Bloom, ED Bonino, R Bottacini, E Brandt, TJ Bregeon, J Bruel, P Buehler, R Buson, S Caliandro, GA Cameron, RA Caputo, R Caragiulo, M Caraveo, PA Cavazzuti, E Cecchi, C Charles, E Chekhtman, A Cheung, CC Chiang, J Chiaro, G Ciprini, S Cohen, JM Cohen-Tanugi, J Cominsky, LR Conrad, J Cuoco, A Cutini, S D'Ammando, F de Angelis, A de Palma, F Desiante, R Di Mauro, M Di Venere, L Dominguez, A Drell, PS Favuzzi, C Fegan, SJ Ferrara, EC Focke, WB Fortin, P Franckowiak, A Fukazawa, Y Funk, S Furniss, AK Fusco, P Gargano, F Gasparrini, D Giglietto, N Giommi, P Giordano, F Giroletti, M Glanzman, T Godfrey, G Grenier, IA Grondin, MH Guillemot, L Guiriec, S Harding, AK Hays, E Hewitt, JW Hill, AB Horan, D Iafrate, G Hartmann, D Jogler, T Johannesson, G Johnson, AS Kamae, T Kataoka, J Knodlseder, J Kuss, M La Mura, G Larsson, S Latronico, L Lemoine-Goumard, M Li, J Li, L Longo, F Loparco, F Lott, B Lovellette, MN Lubrano, P Madejski, GM Maldera, S Manfreda, A Mayer, M Mazziotta, MN Michelson, PF Mirabal, N Mitthumsiri, W Mizuno, T Moiseev, AA Monzani, ME Morselli, A Moskalenko, IV Murgia, S Nuss, E Ohsugi, T Omodei, N Orienti, M Orlando, E Ormes, JF Paneque, D Perkins, JS Pesce-Rollins, M Petrosian, V Piron, F Pivato, G Porter, TA Raino, S Rando, R Razzano, M Razzaque, S Reimer, A Reimer, O Reposeur, T Romani, RW Sanchez-Conde, M Parkinson, PMS Schmid, J Schulz, A Sgro, C Siskind, EJ Spada, F Spandre, G Spinelli, P Suson, DJ Tajima, H Takahashi, H Takahashi, M Takahashi, T Thayer, JB Thompson, DJ Tibaldo, L Torres, DF Tosti, G Troja, E Vianello, G Wood, KS Wood, M Yassine, M Zaharijas, G Zimmer, S AF Ackermann, M. Ajello, M. Atwood, W. B. Baldini, L. Ballet, J. Barbiellini, G. Bastieri, D. Gonzalez, J. Becerra Bellazzini, R. Bissaldi, E. Blandford, R. D. Bloom, E. D. Bonino, R. Bottacini, E. Brandt, T. J. Bregeon, J. Bruel, P. Buehler, R. Buson, S. Caliandro, G. A. Cameron, R. A. Caputo, R. Caragiulo, M. Caraveo, P. A. Cavazzuti, E. Cecchi, C. Charles, E. Chekhtman, A. Cheung, C. C. Chiang, J. Chiaro, G. Ciprini, S. Cohen, J. M. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Cominsky, L. R. Conrad, J. Cuoco, A. Cutini, S. D'Ammando, F. de Angelis, A. de Palma, F. Desiante, R. Di Mauro, M. Di Venere, L. Dominguez, A. Drell, P. S. Favuzzi, C. Fegan, S. J. Ferrara, E. C. Focke, W. B. Fortin, P. Franckowiak, A. Fukazawa, Y. Funk, S. Furniss, A. K. Fusco, P. Gargano, F. Gasparrini, D. Giglietto, N. Giommi, P. Giordano, F. Giroletti, M. Glanzman, T. Godfrey, G. Grenier, I. A. Grondin, M. -H. Guillemot, L. Guiriec, S. Harding, A. K. Hays, E. Hewitt, J. W. Hill, A. B. Horan, D. Iafrate, G. Hartmann, Dieter Jogler, T. Johannesson, G. Johnson, A. S. Kamae, T. Kataoka, J. Knoedlseder, J. Kuss, M. La Mura, G. Larsson, S. Latronico, L. Lemoine-Goumard, M. Li, J. Li, L. Longo, F. Loparco, F. Lott, B. Lovellette, M. N. Lubrano, P. Madejski, G. M. Maldera, S. Manfreda, A. Mayer, M. Mazziotta, M. N. Michelson, P. F. Mirabal, N. Mitthumsiri, W. Mizuno, T. Moiseev, A. A. Monzani, M. E. Morselli, A. Moskalenko, I. V. Murgia, S. Nuss, E. Ohsugi, T. Omodei, N. Orienti, M. Orlando, E. Ormes, J. F. Paneque, D. Perkins, J. S. Pesce-Rollins, M. Petrosian, V. Piron, F. Pivato, G. Porter, T. A. Raino, S. Rando, R. Razzano, M. Razzaque, S. Reimer, A. Reimer, O. Reposeur, T. Romani, R. W. Sanchez-Conde, M. Parkinson, P. M. Saz Schmid, J. Schulz, A. Sgro, C. Siskind, E. J. Spada, F. Spandre, G. Spinelli, P. Suson, D. J. Tajima, H. Takahashi, H. Takahashi, M. Takahashi, T. Thayer, J. B. Thompson, D. J. Tibaldo, L. Torres, D. F. Tosti, G. Troja, E. Vianello, G. Wood, K. S. Wood, M. Yassine, M. Zaharijas, G. Zimmer, S. TI 2FHL: THE SECOND CATALOG OF HARD FERMI-LAT SOURCES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE catalogs; gamma-rays: general ID LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; GALAXY SURVEY DATA; ENERGETIC PSR J1357-6429; REMNANT RCW 86; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; SUPERNOVA-REMNANTS; SKY SURVEY; HESS AB We present a catalog of sources detected above 50 GeV by the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) in 80 months of data. The newly delivered Pass. 8 event-level analysis allows the detection and characterization of sources in the 50 GeV-2 TeV energy range. In this energy band, Fermi-LAT. has detected 360 sources, which constitute the second catalog of hard Fermi-LAT. sources (2FHL). The improved angular resolution enables the precise localization of point sources (similar to 1.' 7 radius at 68% C.L.) and the detection and characterization of spatially extended sources. We find that 86% of the sources can be associated with counterparts at other wavelengths, of which the majority (75%) are active galactic nuclei and the rest (11%) are Galactic sources. Only 25% of the 2FHL sources have been previously detected by Cherenkov telescopes, implying that the 2FHL provides a reservoir of candidates to be followed up at very high energies. This work closes the energy gap between the observations performed at GeV energies by Fermi-LAT. on orbit and the observations performed at higher energies by Cherenkov telescopes from the ground. C1 [Ackermann, M.; Buehler, R.; Mayer, M.; Schulz, A.] Deutsch Elektronen Synchrotron DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ajello, M.; Dominguez, A.; Hartmann, Dieter] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Caputo, R.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Atwood, W. B.; Caputo, R.; Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Baldini, L.] Univ Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Di Mauro, M.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Furniss, A. K.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Jogler, T.; Johnson, A. S.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Petrosian, V.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldini, L.; Blandford, R. D.; Bloom, E. D.; Bottacini, E.; Caliandro, G. A.; Cameron, R. A.; Charles, E.; Chiang, J.; Di Mauro, M.; Drell, P. S.; Focke, W. B.; Franckowiak, A.; Furniss, A. K.; Glanzman, T.; Godfrey, G.; Hill, A. B.; Jogler, T.; Johnson, A. S.; Madejski, G. M.; Michelson, P. F.; Monzani, M. E.; Moskalenko, I. V.; Omodei, N.; Orlando, E.; Paneque, D.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Petrosian, V.; Porter, T. A.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Romani, R. W.; Tajima, H.; Thayer, J. B.; Vianello, G.; Wood, M.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ballet, J.; Grenier, I. A.; Schmid, J.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, CNRS, Lab AIM,CEA,IRFU,Serv Astrophys, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Barbiellini, G.; Iafrate, G.; Longo, F.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Barbiellini, G.; Longo, F.] Univ Trieste, Dipartimento Fis, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Rando, R.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Bastieri, D.; Chiaro, G.; La Mura, G.; Rando, R.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, I-35131 Padua, Italy. [Gonzalez, J. Becerra; Brandt, T. J.; Buson, S.; Cohen, J. M.; Ferrara, E. C.; Guiriec, S.; Harding, A. K.; Hays, E.; Mirabal, N.; Perkins, J. S.; Thompson, D. J.; Troja, E.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Gonzalez, J. Becerra; Cohen, J. M.; Moiseev, A. A.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gonzalez, J. Becerra; Cohen, J. M.; Moiseev, A. A.; Troja, E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Bellazzini, R.; Kuss, M.; Manfreda, A.; Pesce-Rollins, M.; Pivato, G.; Razzano, M.; Sgro, C.; Spada, F.; Spandre, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Bissaldi, E.; Caragiulo, M.; de Palma, F.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Gargano, F.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Mazziotta, M. N.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Cuoco, A.; Desiante, R.; Latronico, L.; Maldera, S.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bonino, R.; Cuoco, A.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis Gen Amadeo Avogadro, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Bregeon, J.; Cohen-Tanugi, J.; Nuss, E.; Piron, F.; Yassine, M.] Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Univ & Particules Montpellier, F-34059 Montpellier, France. [Bruel, P.; Fegan, S. J.; Horan, D.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS, IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Buson, S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Buson, S.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Space Sci & Technol, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Buson, S.; Moiseev, A. A.] Ctr Res & Explorat Space Sci & Technol CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Buson, S.; Moiseev, A. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Caliandro, G. A.] Consorzio Interuniv Fis Spaziale CIFS, I-10133 Turin, Italy. [Caragiulo, M.; Di Venere, L.; Favuzzi, C.; Fusco, P.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Loparco, F.; Raino, S.; Spinelli, P.] Univ Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Fis M Merlin, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Caraveo, P. A.] INAF Ist Astrofis Spaziale & Fis Cosm, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cavazzuti, E.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Giommi, P.] Agenzia Spaziale Italiana ASI, Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Ciprini, S.; Cutini, S.; Gasparrini, D.; Lubrano, P.; Tosti, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Cecchi, C.; Tosti, G.] Univ Perugia, Dipartimento Fis, I-06123 Perugia, Italy. [Chekhtman, A.] George Mason Univ, Coll Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Cheung, C. C.; Lovellette, M. N.; Wood, K. S.] Naval Res Lab, Div Space Sci, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Cominsky, L. R.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Conrad, J.; Sanchez-Conde, M.; Zimmer, S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Conrad, J.; Larsson, S.; Li, L.; Sanchez-Conde, M.; Zimmer, S.] AlbaNova, Oskar Klein Ctr Cosmoparticle Phys, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Cutini, S.] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Rome, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.; Giroletti, M.; Orienti, M.] INAF, Ist Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [D'Ammando, F.] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Univ Udine, Dipartimento Fis, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Angelis, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Grp Collegato Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [de Palma, F.] Univ Telemat Pegaso, Piazza Trieste & Trento, I-80132 Naples, Italy. [Desiante, R.] Univ Udine, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Fortin, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Fukazawa, Y.; Takahashi, H.] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Funk, S.] Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Grondin, M. -H.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lott, B.; Reposeur, T.] Univ Bordeaux 1, Ctr Etud Nucl Bordeaux Gradignan, CNRS, IN2P3, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Guillemot, L.] Univ Orleans, Lab Phys & Chim Environm & Espace, CNRS, F-45071 Orleans 02, France. [Guillemot, L.] CNRS, INSU, Stn Radioastron Nancay Observ Paris, F-18330 Nancay, France. [Hewitt, J. W.] Univ N Florida, Dept Phys, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. [Hill, A. B.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Iafrate, G.] Ist Nazl Astrofis, Osservatorio Astron Trieste, I-34143 Trieste, Italy. [Johannesson, G.] Univ Iceland, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Kamae, T.] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Phys, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Kataoka, J.] Waseda Univ, Res Inst Sci & Engn, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1698555, Japan. [Knoedlseder, J.] CNRS, IRAP, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Knoedlseder, J.] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, GAHEC, Toulouse, France. [La Mura, G.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Astro & Teilchenphys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [La Mura, G.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.] Univ Innsbruck, Inst Theoret Phys, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Larsson, S.; Li, L.] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Li, J.; Torres, D. F.] Inst Space Sci IEEC CSIC, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Mitthumsiri, W.] Mahidol Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Mizuno, T.; Ohsugi, T.] Hiroshima Univ, Hiroshima Astrophys Sci Ctr, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Morselli, A.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma Tor Vergata, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Murgia, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Ctr Cosmol, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Ormes, J. F.] Univ Denver, Dept Phys & Astron, Denver, CO 80208 USA. [Paneque, D.; Takahashi, M.] Max Planck Inst Phys & Astrophys, D-80805 Munich, Germany. [Razzaque, S.] Univ Johannesburg, Dept Phys, ZA-2006 Auckland Pk, South Africa. [Parkinson, P. M. Saz] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Siskind, E. J.] NYCB Real Time Comp Inc, Lattingtown, NY 11560 USA. [Suson, D. J.] Purdue Univ Calumet, Dept Chem & Phys, Hammond, IN 46323 USA. [Tajima, H.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Takahashi, T.] Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy, Inst Space & Astronaut Sci, Chuo Ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2525210, Japan. [Tibaldo, L.] Max Planck Inst Kernphys, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany. [Torres, D. F.] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Zaharijas, G.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Zaharijas, G.] Univ Trieste, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Zaharijas, G.] Univ Nova Gorica, Lab Astroparticle Phys, SI-5000 Nova Gorica, Slovenia. RP Gasparrini, D (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab Phys, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM jcohen@astro.umd.edu; gasparrini@asdc.asi.it RI Morselli, Aldo/G-6769-2011; Reimer, Olaf/A-3117-2013; giglietto, nicola/I-8951-2012; Moskalenko, Igor/A-1301-2007; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/K-7911-2016; Orlando, E/R-5594-2016; Funk, Stefan/B-7629-2015; Bonino, Raffaella/S-2367-2016; Torres, Diego/O-9422-2016; Di Venere, Leonardo/C-7619-2017; OI Morselli, Aldo/0000-0002-7704-9553; Reimer, Olaf/0000-0001-6953-1385; giglietto, nicola/0000-0002-9021-2888; Moskalenko, Igor/0000-0001-6141-458X; Bissaldi, Elisabetta/0000-0001-9935-8106; Funk, Stefan/0000-0002-2012-0080; Torres, Diego/0000-0002-1522-9065; Di Venere, Leonardo/0000-0003-0703-824X; Sgro', Carmelo/0000-0001-5676-6214; Zaharijas, Gabrijela/0000-0001-8484-7791; Gargano, Fabio/0000-0002-5055-6395; Pesce-Rollins, Melissa/0000-0003-1790-8018; Hill, Adam/0000-0003-3470-4834; Dominguez, Alberto/0000-0002-3433-4610; orienti, monica/0000-0003-4470-7094; DI MAURO, MATTIA/0000-0003-2759-5625; Cutini, Sara/0000-0002-1271-2924; Becerra Gonzalez, Josefa/0000-0002-6729-9022 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy; Centre National d' Etudes Spatiales in France FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden. Additional support for science analysis during the operations phase is gratefully acknowledged from the Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica in Italy and the Centre National d' Etudes Spatiales in France. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. NR 87 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 222 IS 1 AR 5 DI 10.3847/0067-0049/222/1/5 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DC1NF UT WOS:000368982300005 ER PT J AU Liu, T Zhang, QZ Kim, KT Wu, YF Lee, CW Lee, JE Tatematsu, K Choi, M Juvela, M Thompson, M Goldsmith, PF Liu, SY Naomi, H Koch, P Henkel, C Sanhueza, P He, JH Rivera-Ingraham, A Wang, K Cunningham, MR Tang, YW Lai, SP Yuan, JH Li, D Fuller, G Kang, MJ Luong, QN Liu, HB Ristorcelli, I Yang, J Xu, Y Hirota, T Mardones, D Qin, SL Chen, HR Kwon, W Meng, FY Zhang, HW Kim, MR Yi, HW AF Liu, Tie Zhang, Qizhou Kim, Kee-Tae Wu, Yuefang Lee, Chang Won Lee, Jeong-Eun Tatematsu, Ken'ichi Choi, Minho Juvela, Mika Thompson, Mark Goldsmith, Paul F. Liu, Sheng-yuan Naomi, Hirano Koch, Patrick Henkel, Christian Sanhueza, Patricio He, JinHua Rivera-Ingraham, Alana Wang, Ke Cunningham, Maria R. Tang, Ya-Wen Lai, Shih-Ping Yuan, Jinghua Li, Di Fuller, Gary Kang, Miju Luong, Quang Nguyen Liu, Hauyu Baobab Ristorcelli, Isabelle Yang, Ji Xu, Ye Hirota, Tomoya Mardones, Diego Qin, Sheng-Li Chen, Huei-Ru Kwon, Woojin Meng, Fanyi Zhang, Huawei Kim, Mi-Ryang Yi, Hee-Weon TI PLANCK COLD CLUMPS IN THE lambda ORIONIS COMPLEX. I. DISCOVERY OF AN EXTREMELY YOUNG CLASS 0 PROTOSTELLAR OBJECT AND A PROTO-BROWN DWARF CANDIDATE IN THE BRIGHT-RIMMED CLUMP PGCC G192.32-11.88 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE ISM: jets and outflows; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; stars: formation ID MASSIVE-STAR-FORMATION; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; RADIATION-DRIVEN IMPLOSION; IRAS POINT SOURCES; H-II REGIONS; STELLAR OBJECTS; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY; FORMING REGION; CORES AB We are performing a series of observations with ground-based telescopes toward Planck Galactic cold clumps (PGCCs) in the lambda Orionis complex in order to systematically investigate the effects of stellar feedback. In the particular case of PGCC G192.32-11.88, we discovered an extremely young Class 0 protostellar object (G192N) and a proto-brown dwarf candidate (G192S). G192N and G192S are located in a gravitationally bound brightrimmed clump. The velocity and temperature gradients seen in line emission of CO isotopologues indicate that PGCC G192.32-11.88 is externally heated and compressed. G192N probably has the lowest bolometric luminosity (similar to 0.8 L-circle dot) and accretion rate (6.3 x 10(-7) M-circle dot yr(-1)) when compared with other young Class 0 sources (e.g., PACS Bright Red Sources) in the Orion complex. It has slightly larger internal luminosity (0.21 +/- 0.01 L-circle dot) and outflow velocity (similar to 14 km s(-1)) than the predictions of first hydrostatic cores (FHSCs). G192N might be among the youngest Class 0 sources, which are slightly more evolved than an FHSC. Considering its low internal luminosity (0.08 +/- 0.01 L-circle dot) and accretion rate (2.8 x 10(-8) M-circle dot yr(-1)), G192S is an ideal proto-brown dwarf candidate. The star formation efficiency (similar to 0.3%-0.4%) and core formation efficiency (similar to 1%) in PGCC G192.32-11.88 are significantly smaller than in other giant molecular clouds or filaments, indicating that the star formation therein is greatly suppressed owing to stellar feedback. C1 [Liu, Tie; Kim, Kee-Tae; Lee, Chang Won; Choi, Minho; Kang, Miju; Kwon, Woojin; Kim, Mi-Ryang] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daejeon 34055, South Korea. [Zhang, Qizhou] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Wu, Yuefang; Zhang, Huawei] Peking Univ, Dept Astron, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Lee, Chang Won] Univ Sci & Technol, Daejeon 305333, South Korea. [Lee, Jeong-Eun; Yi, Hee-Weon] Kyung Hee Univ, Sch Space Res, Yongin 446701, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Tatematsu, Ken'ichi; Sanhueza, Patricio; Luong, Quang Nguyen; Hirota, Tomoya] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Juvela, Mika] Univ Helsinki, Dept Phys, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Thompson, Mark] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Goldsmith, Paul F.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Liu, Sheng-yuan; Naomi, Hirano; Koch, Patrick; Tang, Ya-Wen; Liu, Hauyu Baobab; Chen, Huei-Ru] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Henkel, Christian] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Henkel, Christian] Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Astron, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. [He, JinHua] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Struct & Evolut Celestial Objects, Yunnan Observ, Kunming 650011, Yunnan Province, Peoples R China. [Rivera-Ingraham, Alana] ESA ESAC, E-28691 Madrid, Spain. [Wang, Ke] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Cunningham, Maria R.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Lai, Shih-Ping] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Inst Astron, Hsinchu, Taiwan. [Lai, Shih-Ping] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Phys, Hsinchu, Taiwan. [Yuan, Jinghua; Li, Di] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Li, Di] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Radio Astron, Beijing 100864, Peoples R China. [Fuller, Gary] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Ristorcelli, Isabelle] Univ Toulouse 3, CNRS, IRAP, UMR5277, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Yang, Ji; Xu, Ye] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Mardones, Diego] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Qin, Sheng-Li] Yunnan Univ, Dept Astron, Kunming 650091, Peoples R China. [Qin, Sheng-Li] Yunnan Univ, Key Lab Astroparticle Phys Yunnan Prov, Kunming 650091, Peoples R China. [Meng, Fanyi] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. RP Liu, T (reprint author), Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, 776 Daedeokdae Ro, Daejeon 34055, South Korea. EM liutiepku@gmail.com RI Goldsmith, Paul/H-3159-2016; Mardones, Diego/I-5719-2016 FU KASI fellowship; China Ministry of Science and Technology under State Key Development Program for Basic Research [2012CB821800]; NSFC [11373009, 11433008]; ESO fellowship; DFG Priority Program ("Physics of the Interstellar Medium") [1573, WA3628-1/1]; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology [NRF-2013R1A1A2A10005125]; global research collaboration of the Korea Research Council of Fundamental Science & Technology (KRCF); National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) [NRF-2015R1A2A2A01004769]; Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute under the RD program [2015-1-320-18]; Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan [MoST 102-2119-M-007-004-MY3] FX We are grateful to the SMA, PMO, CSO, JCMT, and the KVN staff. T.L. is supported by KASI fellowship. Y.W. is partly supported by the China Ministry of Science and Technology under State Key Development Program for Basic Research (No. 2012CB821800), the grants of NSFC No. 11373009 and No. 11433008. K. W. acknowledges the support from the ESO fellowship and DFG Priority Program 1573 ("Physics of the Interstellar Medium") grant WA3628-1/1. C.W.L. was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology (NRF-2013R1A1A2A10005125) and also by the global research collaboration of the Korea Research Council of Fundamental Science & Technology (KRCF). This work was carried out in part at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, operated for NASA by the California Institute of Technology. J.-E.L. was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) (grant No. NRF-2015R1A2A2A01004769) and the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute under the R&D program (Project No. 2015-1-320-18) supervised by the Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning. The KVN is a facility operated by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute. S.P.L. thanks the support of the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan with grant MoST 102-2119-M-007-004-MY3. Figures 24 and 25 are used with permission from Dr. A. Stutz. NR 104 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 222 IS 1 AR 7 PG 28 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DC1NF UT WOS:000368982300007 ER PT J AU Vanderburg, A Latham, DW Buchhave, LA Bieryla, A Berlind, P Calkins, ML Esquerdo, GA Welsh, S Johnson, JA AF Vanderburg, Andrew Latham, David W. Buchhave, Lars A. Bieryla, Allyson Berlind, Perry Calkins, Michael L. Esquerdo, Gilbert A. Welsh, Sophie Johnson, John Asher TI PLANETARY CANDIDATES FROM THE FIRST YEAR OF THE K2 MISSION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; planets and satellites: detection; techniques: photometric ID TRANSIT SIGNAL RECOVERY; LIGHT CURVES; COLOR TRANSFORMATIONS; ECLIPSING BINARIES; INTRINSIC COLORS; BLEND SCENARIOS; KEPLER MISSION; MAIN-SEQUENCE; HOT JUPITERS; DATA RELEASE AB The Kepler Space Telescope is currently searching for planets transiting stars along the ecliptic plane as part of its extended K2 mission. We processed the publicly released data from the first year of K2 observations (Campaigns 0, 1, 2, and 3) and searched for periodic eclipse signals consistent with planetary transits. Out of the 59,174 targets that we searched, we detect 234 planetary candidates around 208 stars. These candidates range in size from gas giants to smaller than the Earth, and range in orbital periods from hours to over a month. We conducted initial reconnaissance spectroscopy of 68 of the brighter candidate host stars, and present high-resolution optical spectra for these stars. We make all of our data products, including light curves, spectra, and vetting diagnostics available to users online. C1 [Vanderburg, Andrew; Latham, David W.; Bieryla, Allyson; Berlind, Perry; Calkins, Michael L.; Esquerdo, Gilbert A.; Welsh, Sophie; Johnson, John Asher] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Buchhave, Lars A.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Star & Planet Format, Oster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Buchhave, Lars A.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Oster Voldgade 5-7, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. RP Vanderburg, A (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM avanderburg@cfa.harvard.edu FU NSF Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE 1144152]; Kepler mission under NASA cooperative agreement [NNX13AB58A]; John Templeton Foundation; NASA [NAS5-26555]; NASA Office of Space Science [NNX13AC07G]; NASA Science Mission directorate FX We thank Dave Charbonneau, Courtney Dressing, Xavier Dumusque, Dan Foreman-Mackey, Mercedes Lopez-Morales, Ben Montet, Elisabeth Newton, and Roberto Sanchis-Ojeda for helpful discussions. We thank the referee, Drake Deming, for a thoughtful report with suggestions that improved the manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge the efforts of the entire Kepler/K2 team who made this work possible. A.V. is supported by the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship, grant No. DGE 1144152. D.W.L. gratefully acknowledges support from the Kepler mission under NASA cooperative agreement NNX13AB58A to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. We additionally acknowledge support from the John Templeton Foundation. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the John Templeton Foundation. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System, the VizieR catalogue access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France, and the NASA Exoplanet Archive (particularly ExoFOP-K2), operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with NASA under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. Some of the data presented in this paper were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for MAST for non-HST data is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science via grant NNX13AC07G and by other grants and contracts. This paper includes data collected by the Kepler/K2 mission. Funding for the Kepler mission is provided by the NASA Science Mission directorate. NR 67 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 222 IS 1 AR 14 DI 10.3847/0067-0049/222/1/14 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DC1NF UT WOS:000368982300014 ER PT J AU Fowler, AE Blakeslee, AMH Canning-Clode, J Repetto, MF Phillip, AM Carlton, JT Moser, FC Ruiz, GM Miller, AW AF Fowler, Amy E. Blakeslee, April M. H. Canning-Clode, Joao Repetto, Michele F. Phillip, Anne M. Carlton, James T. Moser, Fredrika C. Ruiz, Gregory M. Miller, A. Whitman TI Opening Pandora's bait box: a potent vector for biological invasions of live marine species SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article DE biological invasions; bloodworm; introduced; marine; Mid-Atlantic (USA); packing algae; wormweed ID CRABS CARCINUS-MAENAS; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; PROPAGULE PRESSURE; CANCER-IRRORATUS; NORTH-AMERICA; RICHNESS; CALIFORNIA; DIVERSITY; ATLANTIC; COMMUNITIES AB AimFor over 80years, the Maine baitworm trade has shipped live polychaete worms and packing algae wormweed' to distributors world-wide, while also consistently transferring a wide diversity and abundance of hitchhiking organisms of all life stages to numerous recipient communities. Here, we investigate this potent, yet underestimated, invasion vector using an important recipient region (the Mid-Atlantic) to examine the stepwise species transfer and survival along four stages of the vector. LocationMaine and Mid-Atlantic region (New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia and North Carolina), USA. MethodsWe quantified taxonomic identities and abundances of organisms associated with packing algae at four stages along the vector pathway during summer 2011: (1) Maine source habitats; (2) bait boxes from Maine distributors; (3) bait boxes from distributors in five Mid-Atlantic States; and (4) bait bags from retailers in five Mid-Atlantic States. We also examined functional diversity based on significant physical and life history characteristics and assessed genetic diversity for two common hitchhiking snail species. ResultsWe identified 17,798 live macro-organisms across 58 taxa, including marine macro-invertebrates, macroalgae, vascular plants and semi-terrestrial or aquatic invertebrates, present in bait boxes and bags. In all measures of diversity and abundance, we observed decreases of live marine macro-invertebrates across sequential stages of the vector from source to recipient regions. Significant differences in community composition were also observed between stages and were driven by isopods (taxonomic diversity) and isopods, amphipods and some gastropods (functional diversity). Main conclusionsThe lack of management in the face of the sheer magnitude and diversity of organisms that are transported via the live marine bait trade underscores how this is an underappreciated vector that could be a considerable source of successful invasions globally. C1 [Fowler, Amy E.; Blakeslee, April M. H.; Canning-Clode, Joao; Repetto, Michele F.; Phillip, Anne M.; Ruiz, Gregory M.; Miller, A. Whitman] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Marine Invas Lab, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Fowler, Amy E.] South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Marine Resources Res Inst, 217 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29422 USA. [Blakeslee, April M. H.] E Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, 1001 East 5th St, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. [Canning-Clode, Joao] Marine & Environm Sci Ctr, Estacao Biol Marinha Funchal, P-9000107 Cais Do Carvao, Funchal, Portugal. [Canning-Clode, Joao] Univ Azores, Ctr IMAR, Dept Oceanog & Fisheries UAz, Rua Prof Dr Frederico Machado 4, P-9901862 Horta, Azores, Portugal. [Carlton, James T.] Williams Coll, Mystic Seaport Maritime Studies Program, Mystic, CT 06355 USA. [Moser, Fredrika C.] Univ Syst Maryland, Maryland Sea Grant, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. RP Fowler, AE (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Marine Invas Lab, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.; Fowler, AE (reprint author), South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Marine Resources Res Inst, 217 Ft Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29422 USA. EM fowlera@dnr.sc.gov OI Canning Clode, Joao/0000-0003-2143-6535; Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X; Miller, Whitman/0000-0003-0484-182X FU Darling Marine Center; Maryland Sea Grant [NA10OAR4170072, SA7528120] FX We thank the SERC Marine Invasions Laboratory, numerous interns and other personnel. We also thank Pete Thayer for field expertise and industry knowledge and Norm Woodley for identifying insect larvae, pupae and adults. We appreciate laboratory space, accommodations and support provided by the Darling Marine Center. We also thank three anonymous referees for comments that significantly improved the manuscript. This research was supported by Maryland Sea Grant awards NA10OAR4170072 and SA7528120. Algae and associated organisms were collected under ME DMR Special License Numbers ME 2011-77-00 and ME 2012-14-01. NR 68 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 30 EP 42 DI 10.1111/ddi.12376 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC2SI UT WOS:000369066200004 ER PT J AU Thorwirth, S Martin-Drumel, MA Endres, CP Salomon, T Zingsheim, O van Wijngaarden, J Pirali, O Gruet, S Lewen, F Schlemmer, S McCarthy, MC AF Thorwirth, S. Martin-Drumel, M. A. Endres, C. P. Salomon, T. Zingsheim, O. van Wijngaarden, J. Pirali, O. Gruet, S. Lewen, F. Schlemmer, S. McCarthy, M. C. TI An ASAP treatment of vibrationally excited S2O: The v(3) mode and the v(3) + v(2) - v(2) hot band SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Fourier-transform spectroscopy; Far-infrared; Synchrotron radiation; Millimeter-wave spectroscopy; Disulfur monoxide; S2O; Radio-frequency discharge ID DISULFUR MONOXIDE; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRUM AB The fundamental S-S stretching mode v(3) of disulfur monoxide, S2O, located at 679 cm(-1), has been investigated using Fourier-transform far-infrared spectroscopy at the SOLEIL synchrotron facility. A spectroscopic analysis has been performed using an Automated Spectral Assignment Procedure (ASAP) which permits accurate determination of more than 2000 energy levels from v3. In addition, the v(3) + v(2)-v(2) hot band was observed for the first time and some 500 corresponding energy levels were assigned. The high-resolution synchrotron study was complemented with pure rotational spectra of S2O in the (v(1), v(2), v(3)) = (0, 0,1) vibrational state observed in the frequency range from 250 to 280 GHz using a long-path absorption cell. From these combined measurements, extensive molecular parameter sets have been determined and precise band centers have been derived for both vibrational bands. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Thorwirth, S.; Endres, C. P.; Salomon, T.; Zingsheim, O.; Lewen, F.; Schlemmer, S.] Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, Zulpicher Str 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Martin-Drumel, M. A.; McCarthy, M. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Endres, C. P.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Giessenbachstr 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [van Wijngaarden, J.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Chem, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Pirali, O.; Gruet, S.] SOLEIL Synchrotron, F-91192 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Pirali, O.; Gruet, S.] Univ Paris Saclay, Univ Paris 11, ISMO, CNRS, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Gruet, S.] Max Planck Inst Struktur & Dynam Materie, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. RP Thorwirth, S (reprint author), Univ Cologne, Inst Phys 1, Zulpicher Str 77, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. EM sthorwirth@ph1.uni-koeln.de RI Schlemmer, Stephan/E-2903-2015; Thorwirth, Sven/C-6217-2011 OI Schlemmer, Stephan/0000-0002-1421-7281; Thorwirth, Sven/0000-0001-8200-6710 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SFB 956]; DFG [TH 1301/3-2]; NASA [NNX13AE59G]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) [RGPIN/326993-2010] FX The authors are grateful to SOLEIL for providing beamtime on the AILES beamline under the proposal 20140364. The present work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through Grant SFB 956. S. T. gratefully acknowledges funding from the DFG through Grant TH 1301/3-2. M. C. M. and M. A. M.-D. thank the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and NASA Grant NNX13AE59G for travel support. Travel support for J. v. W. was provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) through the Discovery Grant (JvW: RGPIN/326993-2010) program. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2852 EI 1096-083X J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 319 BP 47 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.jms.2015.12.009 PG 3 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA DC1IN UT WOS:000368970100007 ER PT J AU Caterino, MS Tishechkin, AK AF Caterino, Michael S. Tishechkin, Alexey K. TI A revision of Megalocraerus Lewis, 1902 (Coleoptera, Histeridae: Exosternini) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Histeridae; Histerinae; Exosternini; subcortical predator; Neotropical region ID PHYLOGENY AB The formely monotypic Neotropical genus Megalocraerus Lewis is revised to include five species, known from southeastern Brazil to Costa Rica: M. rubricatus Lewis, M. mandibularis sp. n., M. chico sp. n., M. madrededios sp. n., and M. tiputini sp. n. We describe the species, map their distributions, and provide a key for their identification. Their subcylindrical body form and emarginate mesosternum have previously hindered placement to tribe, although their curent assignment to Exosternini now appears well supported by morphological evidence. Nothing is known of the natural history of the species. C1 [Caterino, Michael S.] Clemson Univ, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Tishechkin, Alexey K.] Smithsonian Inst, USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Caterino, MS (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM mcateri@clemson.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0949790] FX For providing specimen material, assistance in the field, and assistance with permitting, we would like to thank Luciana Masutti de Almeida, Daniel Moura, Fernando Leivas, and Kleber Mise (UFPR), Max Barclay and Roger Booth (BMNH), Angel Solis (INBIO), Paul Skelley (Florida State Collection of Arthropods), Tiputini Biodiversity Station, Zack Falin (Snow Entomological Collection, University of Kansas), Nicolas Degallier, and Al Allen. We also thank the National Science Foundation for financial support (DEB-0949790). NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 557 BP 59 EP 78 DI 10.3897/zookeys.557.7087 PG 20 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DC0OE UT WOS:000368916400003 PM 26877699 ER PT J AU McKamey, SH AF McKamey, Stuart H. TI A new species of Eutettix (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae) from Wisconsin SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Leafhopper; new species; Athysanini; Nearctic; Wisconsin; Quercus AB Eutettix latoides sp. n., is described from central Wisconsin. It most closely resembles the Californian species E. latus Hepner, and was collected from Quercus ellipsoidalis. C1 [McKamey, Stuart H.] Smithsonian Inst, USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, NMNH, MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP McKamey, SH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, NMNH, MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM stuart.mckamey@ars.usda.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 557 BP 79 EP 83 DI 10.3897/zookeys.557.5939 PG 5 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DC0OE UT WOS:000368916400004 PM 26877700 ER PT J AU McKamey, SH Porter, MJ AF McKamey, Stuart H. Porter, Mitchell J. TI First Immature of the New World Treehopper tribe Thuridini (Hemiptera, Membracidae, Smiliinae) with a new synonym, a new combination, and a new country record SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Thuris; Parantonae; nymph; syn. n.; comb. n.; Ecuador; Venezuela AB The species Thuris depressus Sakakibara (1975) is proposed as a syn. n. of Thuris binodosus (Goding 1926), comb. n. The distribution of the genus is expanded from Brazil and Peru to include Ecuador and Venezuela, and the immature is described based on 75 characters. C1 [McKamey, Stuart H.] Smithsonian Inst, USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, NMNH MRC 168, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Porter, Mitchell J.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP McKamey, SH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, NMNH MRC 168, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM stuart.mckamey@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 557 BP 85 EP 91 DI 10.3897/zookeys.557.6602 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DC0OE UT WOS:000368916400005 PM 26877701 ER PT S AU Lessios, HA AF Lessios, H. A. BE Carlson, CA Giovannoni, SJ TI The Great Diadema antillarum Die-Off: 30 Years Later SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL 8 SE Annual Review of Marine Science LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE coral reef; algae; recruitment; mortality; population recovery ID SEA-URCHIN-DIADEMA; CARIBBEAN CORAL-REEFS; DEPENDENT SIZE REGULATION; REGION-WIDE DECLINES; MASS MORTALITY EVENT; EL-NINO EVENT; PUERTO-RICO; POPULATION-DENSITY; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE AB In 1983-1984, the sea urchin Diadema antillarum suffered mass mortality throughout the Caribbean, Florida, and Bermuda. The demise of this herbivore contributed to a phase shift of Caribbean reefs from coral-dominated to alga-dominated communities. A compilation of published data of D. antillarum population densities shows that there has been moderate recovery since 1983, with the highest rates on islands of the eastern Caribbean. On the average the current population densities are approximately 12% of those before the die-off, apparently because of recruitment limitation, but the exact factors that are constraining the recovery are unclear. Scattered D. antillarum cohorts in some localities and aggregation of settled individuals in shallow water have created zones of higher herbivory in which juvenile coral recruitment, survivorship, and growth are higher than they are in alga-dominated areas. Unlike other stressors on Caribbean coral reefs, recent changes in D. antillarum populations progress toward aiding the recovery of coral cover. C1 [Lessios, H. A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Lessios, HA (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. EM lessiosh@post.harvard.edu NR 128 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 18 U2 50 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 1941-1405 BN 978-0-8243-4508-2 J9 ANNU REV MAR SCI JI Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci. PY 2016 VL 8 BP 267 EP 283 DI 10.1146/annurev-marine-122414-033857 PG 17 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA BE1QC UT WOS:000368369200012 PM 26048480 ER PT J AU Ranjan, S Sasselov, DD AF Ranjan, Sukrit Sasselov, Dimitar D. TI Influence of the UV Environment on the Synthesis of Prebiotic Molecules SO ASTROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ABSOLUTE OSCILLATOR-STRENGTHS; ABSORPTION CROSS-SECTIONS; EARTHS EARLY ATMOSPHERE; LATE HEAVY BOMBARDMENT; TERRESTRIAL PLANETS; LIQUID WATER; RNA WORLD; CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; ORGANIC-MOLECULES; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA AB Ultraviolet radiation is common to most planetary environments and could play a key role in the chemistry of molecules relevant to abiogenesis (prebiotic chemistry). In this work, we explore the impact of UV light on prebiotic chemistry that might occur in liquid water on the surface of a planet with an atmosphere. We consider effects including atmospheric absorption, attenuation by water, and stellar variability to constrain the UV input as a function of wavelength. We conclude that the UV environment would be characterized by broadband input, and wavelengths below 204nm and 168nm would be shielded out by atmospheric CO2 and water, respectively. We compare this broadband prebiotic UV input to the narrowband UV sources (e.g., mercury lamps) often used in laboratory studies of prebiotic chemistry and explore the implications for the conclusions drawn from these experiments. We consider as case studies the ribonucleotide synthesis pathway of Powner et al. (2009) and the sugar synthesis pathway of Ritson and Sutherland (2012). Irradiation by narrowband UV light from a mercury lamp formed an integral component of these studies; we quantitatively explore the impact of more realistic UV input on the conclusions that can be drawn from these experiments. Finally, we explore the constraints solar UV input places on the buildup of prebiotically important feedstock gasses like CH4 and HCN. Our results demonstrate the importance of characterizing the wavelength dependence (action spectra) of prebiotic synthesis pathways to determine how pathways derived under laboratory irradiation conditions will function under planetary prebiotic conditions. Key Words: Laboratory investigationsOrigin of lifePlanetary environmentsUV radiationRNA world. Astrobiology 16, 68-88. C1 [Ranjan, Sukrit; Sasselov, Dimitar D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,Mail Stop 10, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Ranjan, S (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St,Mail Stop 10, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM sranjan@cfa.harvard.edu OI Ranjan, Sukrit/0000-0002-5147-9053 FU Simons Foundation [290360] FX S.R. and D.D.S. gratefully acknowledge support from the Simons Foundation, grant no. 290360. NR 104 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 30 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1531-1074 EI 1557-8070 J9 ASTROBIOLOGY JI Astrobiology PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 16 IS 1 BP 68 EP 88 DI 10.1089/ast.2015.1359 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Geology GA DB7QB UT WOS:000368709500005 PM 26789356 ER PT J AU Pistone, M Blundy, JD Brooker, RA AF Pistone, Mattia Blundy, Jonathan D. Brooker, Richard A. CA EIMF TI Textural and chemical consequences of interaction between hydrous mafic and felsic magmas: an experimental study SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Magma; Mixing; Water; Diffusion; Comb layering; Undercooling ID UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION TEXTURES; SIERRA-NEVADA BATHOLITH; PEGMATITE-APLITE DIKES; CRYSTAL MUSHES; 200 MPA; MULTIELEMENT GLASSES; GRANITIC LIQUIDS; ADAMELLO MASSIF; SILICATE MELTS; HIGH-PRESSURE AB Mantle-derived, hydrous mafic magmas are often invoked as a mechanism to transfer heat, mass and volatiles to felsic plutons in the Earth's crust. Field observations suggest that mafic, water-rich magmas often intrude viscous felsic crystal-rich mushes. This scenario can advect water from the crystallising mafic magma to the felsic magma, leading to an increase in melt fraction in the felsic mush and subsequent mobilisation, at the same time as the mafic magma becomes quenched through a combination of cooling and water loss. To investigate such a scenario, we conducted experiments on a water-undersaturated (4 wt% H2O in the interstitial melt) dacitic crystal mush (50-80 vol% quartz crystals) subject to volatile supply from a water-saturated (>= 6 wt% H2O) andesite magma at 950 degrees C and 4 kbar. Our experimental run products show unidirectional solidification textures (i.e. comb layering) as crystals nucleate at the mafic-felsic interface and grow into the mafic end-member. This process is driven by isothermal and isobaric undercooling resulting from a change in liquidus temperature as water migrates from the mafic to the felsic magma. We refer to this process as "chemical quenching" and suggest that some textures associated with natural mafic-felsic interactions are not simply cooling-driven in origin, but can be caused by exsolution of volatiles adjacent to an interface, whether a water-undersaturated felsic magma (as in our experiments) or a fracture. C1 [Pistone, Mattia; Blundy, Jonathan D.; Brooker, Richard A.] Univ Bristol, Sch Earth Sci, Wills Mem Bldg,Queens Rd, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England. [Pistone, Mattia] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [EIMF] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Grant Inst, Edinburgh Ion Microprobe Facil, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Pistone, M (reprint author), Univ Bristol, Sch Earth Sci, Wills Mem Bldg,Queens Rd, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England. EM PistoneM@si.edu OI Pistone, Mattia/0000-0001-7560-3146 FU SNSF [EPM-PBEZP2_14922]; ERC Advanced Grant CRITMAG FX SNSF Grant EPM-PBEZP2_14922 and ERC Advanced Grant CRITMAG supported this research. We acknowledge: K. Stuart and B. Buse for supporting during the EPMA, FEG-EPMA, and SEM analyses (University of Bristol); R. Hinton for assisting during the SIMS analyses (EIMF, University of Edinburgh); C. Clapham and D. Hawley for technical support (University of Bristol); J. Riker for providing high-H2O-content silicate glasses as standards for SIMS analysis; Alberto Luisoni AG (Switzerland), Nabaltec AG (Germany), and B. Tripoli (ETH-Zurich) for supplying quartz crystals, APYRAL 60CD, and wollastonite used in the starting materials; O. Muntener, A. Acosta-Vigil, and an anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 114 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0010-7999 EI 1432-0967 J9 CONTRIB MINERAL PETR JI Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 171 IS 1 AR 8 DI 10.1007/s00410-015-1218-4 PG 21 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA DB7NO UT WOS:000368702600008 ER PT J AU Baker, JL Wood, B Karpinski, BA LaMantia, AS Maynard, TM AF Baker, Jennifer L. Wood, Bernard Karpinski, Beverly A. LaMantia, Anthony-S. Maynard, Thomas M. TI Testicular receptor 2, Nr2c1, is associated with stem cells in the developing olfactory epithelium and other cranial sensory and skeletal structures SO GENE EXPRESSION PATTERNS LA English DT Article DE Nr2c1; TR2; Olfactory epithelium; Pax7; Ncam; Ascl1 ID ORPHAN NUCLEAR RECEPTORS; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; SUPERFAMILY; NEURONS; DIVERSIFICATION; DIFFERENTIATION; PROGENITORS; EVOLUTION; PATHWAY; TR2 AB Comparative genomic analysis of the nuclear receptor family suggests that the testicular receptor 2, Nr2c1, undergoes positive selection in the human-chimpanzee clade based upon a significant increase in nonsynonymous compared to synonymous substitutions. Previous in situ analyses of Nr2c1 lacked the temporal range and spatial resolution necessary to characterize cellular expression of this gene from early to mid gestation, when many nuclear receptors are key regulators of tissue specific stem or progenitor cells. Thus, we asked whether Nr2c1 protein is associated with stem cell populations in the midgestation mouse embryo. Nr2c1 is robustly expressed in the developing olfactory epithelium. Its expression in the olfactory epithelium shifts from multiple progenitor classes at early stages to primarily transit amplifying cells later in olfactory epithelium development. In the early developing central nervous system, Nr2c1 is limited to the anterior telencephalon/olfactory bulb anlagen, coincident with Nestin-positive neuroepithelial stem cells. Nr2c1 is also seen in additional cranial sensory specializations including cells surrounding the mystacial vibrissae, the retinal pigment epithelium and Scarpa's ganglion. Nr2c1 was also detected in a subset of mesenchymal cells in developing teeth and cranial bones. The timing and distribution of embryonic expression suggests that Nr2c1 is primarily associated with the early genesis of mammalian cranial sensory neurons and craniofacial skeletal structures. Thus, Nr2c1 may be a candidate for mediating parallel adaptive changes in cranial neural sensory specializations such as the olfactory epithelium, retina and mystacial vibrissae and in non-neural craniofacial features including teeth. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Baker, Jennifer L.; Wood, Bernard] George Washington Univ, Ctr Adv Study Human Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Wood, Bernard] Smithsonian Inst, Human Origins Program, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Karpinski, Beverly A.] George Washington Univ, Dept Anat & Regenerat Biol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Baker, Jennifer L.; LaMantia, Anthony-S.; Maynard, Thomas M.] George Washington Univ, GW Inst Neurosci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [LaMantia, Anthony-S.; Maynard, Thomas M.] George Washington Univ, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Baker, JL (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Ctr Adv Study Human Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM jenniferlbaker7@gmail.com RI Maynard, Thomas/I-9039-2012; OI Maynard, Thomas/0000-0001-6976-3936; Baker, Jennifer/0000-0002-5192-2377 FU National Science Foundation Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement Grant [BSC-1455625]; Wenner-Gren Foundation Dissertation Fieldwork Grant [8735]; NSF IGERT grant [DGE-0801634]; GWOVPR; GW School of Medicine for the GW Institute of Neuroscience Biomarker Core Facility; NIH [DC011534] FX This work was funded by a National Science Foundation Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement Grant (BSC-1455625), a Wenner-Gren Foundation Dissertation Fieldwork Grant (#8735), a NSF IGERT grant (DGE-0801634), support from GWOVPR and The GW School of Medicine for the GW Institute of Neuroscience Biomarker Core Facility, and NIH DC011534 (ASL). NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-133X EI 1872-7298 J9 GENE EXPR PATTERNS JI Gene Expr. Patterns PD JAN PY 2016 VL 20 IS 1 BP 71 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.gep.2015.12.002 PG 9 WC Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA DB6FR UT WOS:000368610000008 PM 26712358 ER PT J AU Tymen, B Rejou-Mechain, M Dalling, JW Fauset, S Feldpausch, TR Norden, N Phillips, OL Turner, BL Viers, J Chave, J AF Tymen, Blaise Rejou-Mechain, Maxime Dalling, James W. Fauset, Sophie Feldpausch, Ted R. Norden, Natalia Phillips, Oliver L. Turner, Benjamin L. Viers, Jerome Chave, Jerome TI Evidence for arrested succession in a liana-infested Amazonian forest SO JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE above-ground productivity; biomass; carbon turnover; determinants of plant community diversity and structure; forest dynamics; forest structure; French Guiana; remote sensing ID TROPICAL SECONDARY FORESTS; BARRO-COLORADO ISLAND; NEOTROPICAL FOREST; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; TREE REGENERATION; RAIN-FOREST; SEEDLING RESPONSES; SOUTH-AMERICA; FRENCH-GUIANA; TERM CHANGES AB 1. Empirical evidence and modelling both suggest that global changes may lead to an increased dominance of lianas and thus to an increased prevalence of liana-infested forest formations in tropical forests. The implications for tropical forest structure and the carbon cycle remain poorly understood. 2. We studied the ecological processes underpinning the structure and dynamics of a liana-infested forest in French Guiana, using a combination of long-term surveys (tree, liana, seedling and litter-fall), soil chemical analyses and remote-sensing approaches (LiDAR and Landsat). 3. At stand scale and for adult trees, the liana-infested forest had higher growth, recruitment and mortality rates than the neighbouring high-canopy forest. Both total seedling density and tree seedling recruitment were lower in the liana-infested forest. Stand scale above-ground biomass of the liana-infested forest was 58% lower than in the high-canopy forest. 4. Above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP) was comparable in the liana-infested and high-canopy forests. However, due to more abundant leaf production, the relative contribution of fast turnover carbon pools to ANPP was larger in the liana-infested forest and the carbon residence time was half that of the high-canopy forest. 5. Although soils of the liana-infested forest were richer in nutrients, soil elemental ratios suggest that liana-infested forest and high-canopy forest soils both derive from the same geological substrate. The higher nutrient concentration in the liana-infested forest may therefore be the result of a release of nutrients from vegetation after a forest blowdown. 6. Using small-footprint LiDAR campaigns, we show that the overall extent of the liana-infested forest has remained stable from 2007 to 2012 but about 10% of the forest area changed in forest cover type. Landsat optical imagery confirms the liana-infested forest presence in the landscape for at least 25 years. 7. Synthesis. Because persistently high rates of liana infestation are maintained by the fast dynamics of the liana-infested forest, liana-infested forests here appear to be the result of an arrested tropical forest succession. If the prevalence of such arrested succession forests were to increase in the future, this would have important implications for the carbon sink potential of Amazonian forests. C1 [Tymen, Blaise; Rejou-Mechain, Maxime; Chave, Jerome] Univ Toulouse 3, Lab Evolut & Diversite Biol, CNRS, UMR 5174, F-31062 Toulouse, France. [Rejou-Mechain, Maxime] French Inst Pondicherry, UMIFRE 21, USR CNRS MAEE 3330, Pondicherry, India. [Dalling, James W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Dalling, James W.; Turner, Benjamin L.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Fauset, Sophie; Feldpausch, Ted R.; Phillips, Oliver L.] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Feldpausch, Ted R.] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Devon, England. [Norden, Natalia] Fdn Cedrela, Bogota, Colombia. [Norden, Natalia] Univ Nacl Colombia, Ctr Int Fis, Bogota, Colombia. [Norden, Natalia] Univ Rosario, Programa Biol, Fac Ciencias Nat & Matemat, Bogota, Colombia. [Viers, Jerome] Univ Toulouse 3, Gosci Environm Toulouse, UMR 5563, CNRS,IRD, F-31400 Toulouse, France. RP Tymen, B (reprint author), Univ Toulouse 3, Lab Evolut & Diversite Biol, CNRS, UMR 5174, 118 Route Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France. EM blaise.tymen@gmail.com RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011; Phillips, Oliver/A-1523-2011; Feldpausch, Ted/D-3436-2009 OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722; Phillips, Oliver/0000-0002-8993-6168; Feldpausch, Ted/0000-0002-6631-7962 FU CNES; Agence Nationale de la Recherche (CEBA) [ANR-10-LABX-25-01]; Agence Nationale de la Recherche (TULIP) [ANR-10-LABX-0041]; Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANAEE-France) [ANR-11-INBS-0001]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; NERC Consortium [NE/F005806/1]; ERC Advanced Grant; Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award FX We thank V. Alt, C. Baghooa, C. Baldeck, C. Baraloto, W. Betian, V. Bezard, L. Blanc, V. Chama Moscoso, P. Chatelet, M. Delaval, J. Engel, P. Gaucher, T. Gaui, S. Icho, G. Lopez-Gonzalez, A. Monteagudo, P. Petronelli, G. Pickavance and J. Ricardo for field data collection and curation. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from CNES (postdoctoral grant to MRM and TOSCA programme), and from 'Investissement d'Avenir' grants managed by Agence Nationale de la Recherche (CEBA, ref. ANR-10-LABX-25-01; TULIP: ANR-10-LABX-0041; ANAEE-France: ANR-11-INBS-0001) and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and NERC Consortium Grants 'AMAZONICA' (NE/F005806/1) who supported the RAINFOR project. O.L.P. is supported by an ERC Advanced Grant and a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award. Finally, we thank the US Geological Survey for providing access to the Landsat data. NR 70 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 14 U2 48 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-0477 EI 1365-2745 J9 J ECOL JI J. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 104 IS 1 BP 149 EP 159 DI 10.1111/1365-2745.12504 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DB1WC UT WOS:000368298700015 ER PT J AU Pillar, AG Marra, PP Flood, NJ Reudink, MW AF Pillar, Andrew G. Marra, Peter P. Flood, Nancy J. Reudink, Matthew W. TI Moult migration in Bullock's orioles (Icterus bullockii) confirmed by geolocators and stable isotope analysis SO JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bullock's oriole; Icterus bullockii; Stable isotope; Geolocator; Moult migration ID LIGHT-LEVEL GEOLOCATORS; ANIMAL MOVEMENT; STOPOVER SITES; HYDROGEN ISOTOPES; MONSOON REGION; MIGRANT BIRDS; PATTERNS; PRECIPITATION; CONNECTIVITY; FEATHERS AB In contrast to the majority of migratory songbirds in North America, which moult on or near their breeding grounds, the Bullock's oriole (Icterus bullockii) is reported to stop during fall migration to moult en route to the wintering grounds. These birds seem to take advantage of food resources during the Mexican monsoon season in the Southwestern USA and Northwestern Mexico. We studied a population of Bullock's orioles at the northern limit of their breeding range in Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada, using a combination of light-level geolocators and stable hydrogen isotope analysis. We found evidence that supports the existence of moult migration in this species, with geolocators indicating that all birds appeared to stay in the Mexican monsoon region for moult in an extended stopover period during fall migration. Feathers were isotopically enriched with deuterium compared to predicted breeding isotope values and were significantly more negative than winter-grown claws, confirming that moult occurred somewhere between the breeding and wintering grounds. Stable isotope data were consistent with complete prebasic stopover moult in adults and complete contour feather and variable tail feather moult in first-year orioles. Our results confirm that this northern population of Bullock's orioles employs a moult migration strategy and highlight the usefulness of combining geolocator and stable isotope studies. C1 [Pillar, Andrew G.; Flood, Nancy J.; Reudink, Matthew W.] Thompson Rivers Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Kamloops, BC, Canada. [Marra, Peter P.] Natl Zool Pk, Migratory Bird Ctr, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC USA. RP Reudink, MW (reprint author), Thompson Rivers Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Kamloops, BC, Canada. EM mreudink@tru.ca OI Reudink, Matthew/0000-0001-8956-5849 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Discovery Grant; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Canada Graduate Scholarship FX We would like to thank D. Carlyle-Moses, and D. Green for insightful comments and suggestions on this manuscript. We would also like to thank S. Joly, O. Greaves, and J. Crawford for field assistance on this project and C. France for assistance with stable isotope analysis. Thank you also to the Dreger family, the owners of the Knutsford Campground and T. McLeod at Tranquille on the Lake for access to study sites and the Kamloops Naturalists Club for information on oriole locations. Funding was provided by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Discovery Grant to M. W. R. and a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Canada Graduate Scholarship to A. G. P. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0021-8375 EI 1439-0361 J9 J ORNITHOL JI J. Ornithol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 157 IS 1 BP 265 EP 275 DI 10.1007/s10336-015-1275-5 PG 11 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA DB6FY UT WOS:000368610900027 ER PT J AU Breedy, O Guzman, HM AF Breedy, Odalisca Guzman, Hector M. TI A revision of the genus Muricea Lamouroux, 1821 (Anthozoa, Octocorallia) in the eastern Pacific. Part I: Eumuricea Verrill, 1869 revisited (vol 537, pg 1, 2015) SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Correction C1 [Breedy, Odalisca] Univ Costa Rica, Ctr Invest Estruct Microscop, Ctr Invest Ciencias Mar & Limnol, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Breedy, Odalisca; Guzman, Hector M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Breedy, O (reprint author), Univ Costa Rica, Ctr Invest Estruct Microscop, Ctr Invest Ciencias Mar & Limnol, POB 11501-2060, San Jose, Costa Rica. EM odaliscab@gmail.com NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 553 BP 149 EP 153 DI 10.3897/zookeys.553.7471 PG 5 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DB3GN UT WOS:000368398400008 PM 26877676 ER PT J AU Megeath, ST Gutermuth, R Muzerolle, J Kryukova, E Hora, JL Allen, LE Flaherty, K Hartmann, L Myers, PC Pipher, JL Stauffer, J Young, ET Fazio, GG AF Megeath, S. T. Gutermuth, R. Muzerolle, J. Kryukova, E. Hora, J. L. Allen, L. E. Flaherty, K. Hartmann, L. Myers, P. C. Pipher, J. L. Stauffer, J. Young, E. T. Fazio, G. G. TI THE SPITZER SPACE TELESCOPE SURVEY OF THE ORION A AND B MOLECULAR CLOUDS. II. THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND DEMOGRAPHICS OF DUSTY YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE infrared: stars; ISM: individual objects (Orion A, Orion B); stars: formation; stars: protostars; stars: variables: T Tauri, Herbig Ae/Be ID INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; FIELD EXTINCTION MAPS; STAR CLUSTER FORMATION; X-RAY-EMISSION; NEBULA-CLUSTER; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; TRAPEZIUM CLUSTER; SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD; ULTRADEEP PROJECT AB We analyze the spatial distribution of dusty young stellar objects (YSOs) identified in the Spitzer Survey of the Orion Molecular clouds, augmenting these data with Chandra X-ray observations to correct for incompleteness in dense clustered regions. We also devise a scheme to correct for spatially varying incompleteness when X-ray data are not available. The local surface densities of the YSOs range from 1 pc(-2) to over 10,000 pc(-2), with protostars tending to be in higher density regions. This range of densities is similar to other surveyed molecular clouds with clusters, but broader than clouds without clusters. By identifying clusters and groups as continuous regions with surface densities >= 10 pc(-2), we find that 59% of the YSOs are in the largest cluster, the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC), while 13% of the YSOs are found in a distributed population. A lower fraction of protostars in the distributed population is evidence that it is somewhat older than the groups and clusters. An examination of the structural properties of the clusters and groups shows that the peak surface densities of the clusters increase approximately linearly with the number of members. Furthermore, all clusters with more than 70 members exhibit asymmetric and/or highly elongated structures. The ONC becomes azimuthally symmetric in the inner 0.1 pc, suggesting that the cluster is only similar to 2 Myr in age. We find that the star formation efficiency (SFE) of the Orion B cloud is unusually low, and that the SFEs of individual groups and clusters are an order of magnitude higher than those of the clouds. Finally, we discuss the relationship between the young low mass stars in the Orion clouds and the Orion OB 1 association, and we determine upper limits to the fraction of disks that may be affected by UV radiation from OB stars or dynamical interactions in dense, clustered regions. C1 [Megeath, S. T.; Kryukova, E.] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Ritter Astrophs Res Ctr, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Megeath, S. T.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Completed Sabbat, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Gutermuth, R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Muzerolle, J.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Hora, J. L.; Myers, P. C.; Fazio, G. G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Allen, L. E.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Flaherty, K.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hartmann, L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Pipher, J. L.] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Stauffer, J.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Young, E. T.] SOFIA Univ Space Res Assoc, NASA Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Megeath, ST (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Ritter Astrophs Res Ctr, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. EM megeath@physics.utoledo.edu FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation; NASA [960541, 960785]; NASA; JPL/Caltech FX This work benefited immeasurably from discussions with Fred Adams, John Bally, Cesar Briceno, Neal Evans, Gabor Furesz, Charlie Lada, Pavel Kroupa, Thomas Henning, Amy Stutz and Scott Wolk. The analysis of the data would not be possible without the superb support we received from the staff of the Spitzer Science Center. This publication makes use of data products from the 2MASS, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis. Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. It received support through that provided to the IRAC and MIPS instruments by NASA through contracts 960541 and 960785, respectively, issued by JPL. Support for this work was also provided by NASA through awards issued to S. T. M. and JLP by JPL/Caltech. This paper was mostly completed while S. T. M. was on sabbatical at the Max-Planck-Institut fur Radioastronomie and further revised while continuing his sabbatical at the Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomine. S. T. M. thanks those institutes for their support. NR 149 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 151 IS 1 AR 5 DI 10.3847/0004-6256/151/1/5 PG 39 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DB1EN UT WOS:000368250900005 ER PT J AU Balser, DS Roshi, DA Jeyakumar, S Bania, TM Montet, BT Shitanishi, JA AF Balser, Dana S. Roshi, D. Anish Jeyakumar, S. Bania, T. M. Montet, Benjamin T. Shitanishi, J. A. TI MAGNETIC FIELD STRENGTHS IN PHOTODISSOCIATION REGIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE H II regions; ISM: general; ISM: magnetic fields; photon-dominatedregion (PDR); radio lines: ISM ID H-II REGIONS; CARBON RECOMBINATION LINES; ULTRACOMPACT HII-REGIONS; WAY INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; STAR-FORMATION; ZEEMAN OBSERVATIONS; SUPERSONIC TURBULENCE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; NGC 6334 AB We measure carbon radio recombination line (RRL) emission at 5.3 GHz toward four H II regions with the Green Bank Telescope to determine the magnetic field strength in the photodissociation region (PDR) that surrounds the ionized gas. Roshi suggests that the non-thermal line widths of carbon RRLs from PDRs are predominantly due to magneto-hydrodynamic waves, thus allowing the magnetic field strength to be derived. We model the PDR with a simple geometry and perform the non-LTE radiative transfer of the carbon RRL emission to solve for the PDR physical properties. Using the PDR mass density from these models and the carbon RRL non-thermal line width we estimate total magnetic field strengths of B similar to 100-300 mu G in W3 and NGC. 6334A. Our results for W49 and NGC. 6334D are less well constrained with total magnetic field strengths between B similar to 200-1000 mG. H I and OH Zeeman measurements of the line of sight magnetic field strength (B-los), taken from the literature, are between a factor of similar to 0.5-1 of the lower bound of our carbon RRL magnetic field strength estimates. Since vertical bar B-los vertical bar <= B, our results are consistent with the magnetic origin of the non-thermal component of carbon RRL widths. C1 [Balser, Dana S.; Roshi, D. Anish] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Jeyakumar, S.] Univ Guanajuato, Dept Astron, Guanajuato 36000, Mexico. [Bania, T. M.] Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, Dept Astron, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Montet, Benjamin T.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Montet, Benjamin T.] Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Shitanishi, J. A.] Univ So Calif, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Balser, DS (reprint author), Natl Radio Astron Observ, 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. OI Montet, Benjamin/0000-0001-7516-8308 NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 1 AR 22 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/816/1/22 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DB0VH UT WOS:000368225100022 ER PT J AU Saral, G Hora, JL Willis, SE Koenig, XP Gutermuth, RA Saygac, AT AF Saral, G. Hora, J. L. Willis, S. E. Koenig, X. P. Gutermuth, R. A. Saygac, A. T. TI YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS IN THE MASSIVE STAR FORMING REGION W49 (vol 813, 25, 2015) SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Correction C1 [Saral, G.; Hora, J. L.; Willis, S. E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Saral, G.] Istanbul Univ, Grad Sch Sci & Engn, Istanbul, Turkey. [Koenig, X. P.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Gutermuth, R. A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Saygac, A. T.] Istanbul Univ, Fac Sci, Astron & Space Sci Dept, Istanbul, Turkey. RP Saral, G (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM gsaral@cfa.harvard.edu NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 1 AR 47 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/816/1/47 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DB0VH UT WOS:000368225100047 ER PT J AU Steele, A Hughes, AM Carpenter, J Ricarte, A Andrews, SM Wilner, DJ Chiang, E AF Steele, Amy Hughes, A. Meredith Carpenter, John Ricarte, Angelo Andrews, Sean M. Wilner, David J. Chiang, Eugene TI RESOLVED MILLIMETER-WAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS OF DEBRIS DISKS AROUND SOLAR-TYPE STARS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; planetary systems; submillimeter: planetary systems ID ANALOG HD 107146; BETA-PICTORIS B; SUN-LIKE STARS; PLANETARY SYSTEMS; KUIPER-BELT; HR 8799; ALMA OBSERVATIONS; AU-MICROSCOPII; FOMALHAUT B; SUBMILLIMETER OBSERVATIONS AB The presence of debris disks around young main-sequence stars hints at the existence and structure of planetary systems. Millimeter-wavelength observations probe large grains that trace the location of planetesimal belts. The Formation and Evolution of Planetary Systems Spitzer Legacy survey of nearby young solar analogues yielded a sample of five debris disk-hosting stars with millimeter flux suitable for interferometric follow-up. We present observations with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) and the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy at similar to 2 '' resolution that spatially resolve the debris disks around these nearby (d similar to 50 pc) stars. Two of the five disks (HD 377, HD 8907) are spatially resolved for the first time and one (HD 104860) is resolved at millimeter wavelengths for the first time. We combine our new observations with archival SMA and Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array data to enable a uniform analysis of the full five-object sample. We simultaneously model the broadband photometric data and resolved millimeter visibilities to constrain the dust temperatures and disk morphologies, and perform a Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis to fit for basic structural parameters. We find that the radii and widths of the cold outer belts exhibit properties consistent with scaled-up versions of the Solar System' s Kuiper Belt. All the disks exhibit characteristic grain sizes comparable to the blowout size, and all the resolved observations of emission from large dust grains are consistent with an axisymmetric dust distribution to within the uncertainties. These results are consistent with comparable studies carried out at infrared wavelengths. C1 [Steele, Amy; Hughes, A. Meredith] Wesleyan Univ, Dept Astron, Van Vleck Observ, Middletown, CT 06459 USA. [Steele, Amy] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Carpenter, John] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Ricarte, Angelo] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, JW Gibbs Lab, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Andrews, Sean M.; Wilner, David J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chiang, Eugene] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Steele, A (reprint author), Wesleyan Univ, Dept Astron, Van Vleck Observ, 96 Foss Hill Dr, Middletown, CT 06459 USA. EM asteele@wesleyan.edu FU National Radio Astronomy Observatory; NASA Origins of Solar Systems [NNX13AI32G]; NSF [AST-1412647]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Associates of the California Institute of Technology; University of Chicago; state of California; state of Illinois; state of Maryland; National Science Foundation; CARMA; Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation; James S. McDonnell Foundation FX The work of A. S. was supported by a Student Observing Support grant from the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. A.M.H. gratefully acknowledges support from NASA Origins of Solar Systems grant NNX13AI32G and NSF grant AST-1412647. Support for CARMA construction was derived from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation, the James S. McDonnell Foundation, the Associates of the California Institute of Technology, the University of Chicago, the states of California, Illinois, and Maryland, and the National Science Foundation. CARMA development and operations were supported by the National Science Foundation under a cooperative agreement, and by the CARMA partner universities. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO. ALMA#2011.0.00470. S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. The research made use of Astropy, a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013). NR 88 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 1 AR 27 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/816/1/27 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DB0VH UT WOS:000368225100027 ER PT J AU Tajfirouze, E Reale, F Petralia, A Testa, P AF Tajfirouze, E. Reale, F. Petralia, A. Testa, P. TI TIME-RESOLVED EMISSION FROM BRIGHT HOT PIXELS OF AN ACTIVE REGION OBSERVED IN THE EUV BAND WITH SDO/AIA AND MULTI-STRANDED LOOP MODELING SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Sun: activity; Sun: corona; Sun: UV radiation ID HINODE/X-RAY TELESCOPE; SOLAR CORONAL LOOPS; NANOFLARE MODEL; DYNAMICS; PLASMA AB Evidence of small amounts of very hot plasma has been found in active regions and might be an indication of impulsive heating released at spatial scales smaller than the cross-section of a single loop. We investigate the heating and substructure of coronal loops in the core of one such active region by analyzing the light curves in the smallest resolution elements of solar observations in two EUV channels (94 and 335 A) from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory. We model the evolution of a bundle of strands heated by a storm of nanoflares by means of a hydrodynamic 0D loop model (EBTEL). The light curves obtained from a random combination of those of single strands are compared to the observed light curves either in a single pixel or in a row of pixels, simultaneously in the two channels, and using two independent methods: an artificial intelligent system (Probabilistic Neural Network) and a simple cross-correlation technique. We explore the space of the parameters to constrain the distribution of the heat pulses, their duration, their spatial size, and, as a feedback on the data, their signatures on the light curves. From both methods the best agreement is obtained for a relatively large population of events (1000) with a short duration (less than 1 minute) and a relatively shallow distribution (power law with index 1.5) in a limited energy range (1.5 decades). The feedback on the data indicates that bumps in the light curves, especially in the 94 A, are signatures of a heating excess that occurred a few minutes before. C1 [Tajfirouze, E.; Reale, F.; Petralia, A.] Univ Palermo, Dipartimento Fis & Chim, Piazza Parlamento 1, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Reale, F.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Palermo, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Testa, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Tajfirouze, E (reprint author), Univ Palermo, Dipartimento Fis & Chim, Piazza Parlamento 1, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. EM aastex-help@aas.org OI Petralia, Antonino/0000-0002-9882-1020; Reale, Fabio/0000-0002-1820-4824 FU Italian Ministero dell'Universita e Ricerca; Lockheed-Martin [SP02H1701R]; NASA [NNX15AF50G] FX We thank the referee for very constructive comments, and Dr. T. Di Salvo for suggestions. E.T., F.R., and A.P. acknowledge support from Italian Ministero dell'Universita e Ricerca. P.T. was supported by contract SP02H1701R from Lockheed-Martin to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, and by NASA grant NNX15AF50G. SDO data was supplied courtesy of the SDO/AIA consortia. SDO is the first mission to be launched for NASA's Living With a Star (LWS) Program. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 1 AR 12 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/816/1/12 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DB0VH UT WOS:000368225100012 ER PT J AU Ting, YS Conroy, C Rix, HW AF Ting, Yuan-Sen Conroy, Charlie Rix, Hans-Walter TI APOGEE CHEMICAL TAGGING CONSTRAINT ON THE MAXIMUM STAR CLUSTER MASS IN THE alpha-ENHANCED GALACTIC DISK SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: abundances; Galaxy: disk; Galaxy: evolution; Galaxy: formation; ISM: abundances; stars: abundances ID MILKY-WAY DISK; FORMING GALAXIES; RADIAL MIGRATION; ELEMENTAL ABUNDANCE; SOLAR NEIGHBORHOOD; HIGH-REDSHIFT; STELLAR POPULATIONS; SCALE LENGTH; MOVING GROUP; THICK DISK AB Stars born from the same molecular cloud should be nearly homogeneous in their element abundances. The concept of chemical tagging is to identify members of disrupted clusters by their clustering in element abundance space. Chemical tagging requires large samples of stars with precise abundances for many individual elements. With uncertainties of sigma([X/Fe]) and sigma([Fe/H]) similar or equal to 0.05 for 10 elements measured for >10(4) stars, the APOGEE DR12 spectra may be the first well-suited data set to put this idea into practice. We find that even APOGEE data offer only similar to 500 independent volume elements in the 10-dimensional abundance space, when we focus on the a-enhanced Galactic disk. We develop and apply a new algorithm to search for chemically homogeneous sets of stars against a dominant background. By injecting star clusters into the APOGEE data set, we show that chemically homogeneous clusters with masses. 3 x 10(7) M-circle dot would be easily detectable and yet no such signal is seen in the data. By generalizing this approach, we put a first abundance-based constraint on the cluster mass function for the old disk stars in the Milky Way. C1 [Ting, Yuan-Sen; Conroy, Charlie] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Rix, Hans-Walter] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Ting, YS (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Ting, Yuan-Sen/0000-0001-5082-9536 FU National Science Foundation [NSF PHY11-25915]; Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie; DFG [SFB 881 (A3)]; European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP 7) ERC [321035] FX We thank the referees for the careful and insightful comments. This research was inspired at the KITP Galatic Archaeology and Precision Stellar Astrophysics workshop in year 2015 and was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. NSF PHY11-25915. Y.S.T. is grateful to the Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie and the DFG through the SFB 881 (A3) for their hospitality and financial support during the period in which part of this research was performed. H.W.R.'s research contribution is supported by the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP 7) ERC grant agreement No. [321035]. NR 94 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 816 IS 1 AR 10 DI 10.3847/0004-637X/816/1/10 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DB0VH UT WOS:000368225100010 ER PT J AU Pereyra, MO Baldo, D Blotto, BL Iglesias, PP Thome, MTC Haddad, CFB Barrio-Amoros, C Ibanez, R Faivovich, J AF Pereyra, Martin O. Baldo, Diego Blotto, Boris L. Iglesias, Patricia P. Thome, Maria T. C. Haddad, Celio F. B. Barrio-Amoros, Cesar Ibanez, Roberto Faivovich, Julian TI Phylogenetic relationships of toads of the Rhinella granulosa group (Anura: Bufonidae): a molecular perspective with comments on hybridization and introgression SO CLADISTICS LA English DT Article ID SOUTH-AMERICAN TOADS; NATURAL HYBRIDIZATION; BUFO ANURA; MELANOPHRYNISCUS-GALLARDO; NEOTROPICAL TOADS; SPECIES COMPLEX; LIFE-HISTORY; HYBRID ZONE; GENE FLOW; BIOGEOGRAPHY AB The Rhinella granulosa group consists of 13 species of toads distributed throughout open areas of South America and Panama. In this paper we perform a phylogenetic analysis considering all but one species of the group, employing five nuclear and four mitochondrial genes, for up to 7910 bp per specimen. Separate phylogenetic analyses under direct optimization (DO) of nuclear and mitochondrial sequences recovered the R. granulosa group as monophyletic and revealed topological incongruence that can be explained mainly by multiple events of hybridization and introgression, both mitochondrial and nuclear. The DO combined analysis, after the exclusion of putatively introgressed or heterozygous genomes, resulted in a phylogenetic hypothesis for the R. granulosa group in which most of the species are recovered as monophyletic, but with interspecific relationships poorly supported. The optimization of morphological (adult and larval), chromosomal, and behavioural characters resulted in 12 putative phenotypic synapomorphies for this species group and some other synapomorphies for internal clades. Our results indicate the need for additional population genetic studies on R. dorbignyi and R. fernandezae to corroborate the taxonomic status of both taxa. Finally, we discuss biological and genetic characteristics of Bufonidae, as possible explanations for the common occurrence of hybridization and introgression observed in some lineages of this family. (C) The Willi Hennig Society 2015. C1 [Pereyra, Martin O.; Blotto, Boris L.; Faivovich, Julian] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Museo Argentino Ciencias Nat Bernardino Rivadavia, Div Herpetol, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Baldo, Diego] Univ Nacl Misiones, Lab Genet Evolut, Inst Biol Subtrop CONICET UNaM, Fac Ciencias Exactas Quim & Nat, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina. [Blotto, Boris L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Zool, BR-05508090 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Iglesias, Patricia P.] Univ Buenos Aires, Inst Ecol Genet & Evoluc Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, IEGEBA CONICET,Inst Ecol Genet & Evoluc, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Thome, Maria T. C.; Haddad, Celio F. B.] Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Dept Zool, Inst Biociencias, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil. [Barrio-Amoros, Cesar] Inst Biodiversidad Trop, Perez Zeledon 11901, San Isidro Del, Costa Rica. [Ibanez, Roberto] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Ibanez, Roberto] Univ Panama, Dept Zool, Panama City, Panama. [Ibanez, Roberto] Estafeta Univ, Circulo Herpetol Panama, Panama City, Panama. [Faivovich, Julian] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Biodiversidad & Biol Expt, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Faivovich, J (reprint author), Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Museo Argentino Ciencias Nat Bernardino Rivadavia, Div Herpetol, Angel Gallardo 470,C1405DJR, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM julian@macn.gov.ar RI Haddad, Celio/C-4267-2012; OI Baldo, Diego/0000-0003-2382-0872 FU Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET); ANPCyT; Universidad de Buenos Aires; Sistema Nacional de Investigacion de Panama; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo [PIP 1112008010-2422, 11220110100875, PIP 112201101-00889, PICT 2007-2202, 20111524, 2011-1895, 2012-2687, 404-2013, UBACyT 20020090200727, 20020110200213, 2013/50741-7]; Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) FX We thank J. M. Padial, S. Castroviejo, M. T. Rodrigues, F. Kolenc, C. Borteiro, S. Sucre, E. A. Sanabria, L. B. Quiroga, S. J. Nenda, D. A. Barrasso, V. G. D. Orrico, F. Brusquetti, and F. Netto for sharing with us specimens, tissue samples and/or DNA sequences. T. Grant, A. Kwet, R. Montesinos, M. Rivera-Correa, A. Fouquet, and C. Marty sent us photographs of some specimens. T. Grant helped with the analyses done in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo (MZUSP) cluster. F. Vargas-Salinas, Z. Tarano, A. Garda, T. R. de Carvalho, and A. R. de Morais kindly shared with us information about advertisement calls of some species. For comments on the manuscript and discussions we thank C. Borteiro and F. Kolenc. We thank E. O. Lavilla, S. Kretzschmar, M. Canepa (Fundacion Miguel Lillo, Tucuman, Argentina), H. Zaher and T. Grant (MZUSP), and M. T. Rodrigues (Universidade de Sao Paulo) for allowing us to study vouchers under their care. We thank Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET), ANPCyT, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Sistema Nacional de Investigacion de Panama, and Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo for financial support: PIP 1112008010-2422, 11220110100875, PIP 112201101-00889; PICT 2007-2202, 20111524, 2011-1895, 2012-2687, and 404-2013; UBACyT 20020090200727 and 20020110200213; and Grants 2013/50741-7 and 2013/50741-7, Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP). The Centro de Estudos de Insetos Sociais, I. B., UNESP, Rio Claro allowed access to its molecular laboratory facilities for the production of some sequences used in this study. Specimens from Venezuela were collected under permit issued by the Ministerio del Ambiente de Venezuela number 2231, and permit to access to Genetic resources to Fundacion AndigenA. Specimens from Panama were collected under permit No. SE/A-130-10 granted by the Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente. NR 121 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0748-3007 EI 1096-0031 J9 CLADISTICS JI Cladistics PD JAN PY 2016 VL 32 IS 1 BP 36 EP 53 DI 10.1111/cla.12110 PG 18 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA DA6OD UT WOS:000367923600003 ER PT J AU Miller, AD Dietze, MC DeLucia, EH Anderson-Teixeira, KJ AF Miller, Adam D. Dietze, Michael C. DeLucia, Evan H. Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J. TI Alteration of forest succession and carbon cycling under elevated CO2 SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE climate change; duke FACE; ecosystem demography model; forest regeneration; succession; simulation ID NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; PINUS-TAEDA L.; TERRESTRIAL BIOSPHERE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; NITROGEN AVAILABILITY; SPECIES-RICHNESS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; MODEL; ENRICHMENT AB Regenerating forests influence the global carbon (C) cycle, and understanding how climate change will affect patterns of regeneration and C storage is necessary to predict the rate of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) increase in future decades. While experimental elevation of CO2 has revealed that young forests respond with increased productivity, there remains considerable uncertainty as to how the long-term dynamics of forest regrowth are shaped by elevated CO2 (eCO(2)). Here, we use the mechanistic size- and age- structured Ecosystem Demography model to investigate the effects of CO2 enrichment on forest regeneration, using data from the Duke Forest Free-Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment (FACE) experiment, a forest chronosequence, and an eddy-covariance tower for model parameterization and evaluation. We find that the dynamics of forest regeneration are accelerated, and stands consistently hit a variety of developmental benchmarks earlier under eCO(2). Because responses to eCO(2) varied by plant functional type, successional pathways, and mature forest composition differed under eCO(2), with mid- and late-successional hardwood functional types experiencing greater increases in biomass compared to early-successional functional types and the pine canopy. Over the simulation period, eCO(2) led to an increase in total ecosystem C storage of 9.7 Mg C ha(-1). Model predictions of mature forest biomass and ecosystem-atmosphere exchange of CO2 and H2O were sensitive to assumptions about nitrogen limitation; both the magnitude and persistence of the ecosystem response to eCO(2) were reduced under N limitation. In summary, our simulations demonstrate that eCO(2) can result in a general acceleration of forest regeneration while altering the course of successional change and having a lasting impact on forest ecosystems. C1 [Miller, Adam D.; Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J.] Natl Zool Pk, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Miller, Adam D.; DeLucia, Evan H.] Univ Illinois, Inst Sustainabil Energy & Environm, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Dietze, Michael C.] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [DeLucia, Evan H.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Forest Global Earth Observ, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Panama City, Panama. RP Anderson-Teixeira, KJ (reprint author), Natl Zool Pk, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM TeixeiraK@si.edu FU DOE [DE-SC0010039, DE-SC0008085]; NSF ABI [1062547] FX The authors thank Jackie Mohan, John Drake, David LeBauer, Jenny McGarvey, Sara Childs, and Maria Wang for helpful discussion. This research was funded by DOE award #DE-SC0010039 / #DE-SC0008085 to KAT and EHD, with support to MCD from NSF ABI #1062547. The authors have no conflict of interests. NR 65 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 351 EP 363 DI 10.1111/gcb.13077 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA7KL UT WOS:000367982900028 PM 26316364 ER PT J AU Pastore, MA Megonigal, JP Langley, JA AF Pastore, Melissa A. Megonigal, J. Patrick Langley, J. Adam TI Elevated CO2 promotes long-term nitrogen accumulation only in combination with nitrogen addition SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE brackish marsh; CO2 enrichment; denitrification; isotopic biogeochemistry; nitrogen pollution; nitrogen retention and loss ID SALT-MARSH SEDIMENTS; COASTAL MARINE ECOSYSTEMS; SUBTROPICAL OAK WOODLAND; CHESAPEAKE BAY WETLAND; SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; SEA-LEVEL RISE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; FRESH-WATER; RESPONSES AB Biogeochemical models that incorporate nitrogen (N) limitation indicate that N availability will control the magnitude of ecosystem carbon uptake in response to rising CO2. Some models, however, suggest that elevated CO2 may promote ecosystem N accumulation, a feedback that in the long term could circumvent N limitation of the CO2 response while mitigating N pollution. We tested this prediction using a nine-year CO(2)xN experiment in a tidal marsh. Although the effects of CO2 are similar between uplands and wetlands in many respects, this experiment offers a greater likelihood of detecting CO2 effects on N retention on a decadal timescale because tidal marshes have a relatively open N cycle and can accrue soil organic matter rapidly. To determine how elevated CO2 affects N dynamics, we assessed the three primary fates of N in a tidal marsh: (1) retention in plants and soil, (2) denitrification to the atmosphere, and (3) tidal export. We assessed changes in N pools and tracked the fate of a N-15 tracer added to each plot in 2006 to quantify the fraction of added N retained in vegetation and soil, and to estimate lateral N movement. Elevated CO2 alone did not increase plant N mass, soil N mass, or N-15 label retention. Unexpectedly, CO2 and N interacted such that the combined N+CO2 treatment increased ecosystem N accumulation despite the stimulation in N losses indicated by reduced N-15 label retention. These findings suggest that in N-limited ecosystems, elevated CO2 is unlikely to increase long-term N accumulation and circumvent progressive N limitation without additional N inputs, which may relieve plant-microbe competition and allow for increased plant N uptake. C1 [Pastore, Melissa A.; Langley, J. Adam] Villanova Univ, Dept Biol, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. [Megonigal, J. Patrick; Langley, J. Adam] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Pastore, MA (reprint author), Villanova Univ, Dept Biol, 800 Lancaster Ave, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. EM lispastore@gmail.com FU NSF-LTREB Program [DEB-0950080, DEB-1457100]; Smithsonian Institution; Villanova University FX The authors thank J. Duls, G. Peresta, and A. Peresta for assistance with data collection and maintenance of the experiment and treatments at the Smithsonian Global Change Research Wetland. We also thank Melanie Vile for her insight and expertise in measuring gas fluxes, as well as three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. This work was supported by NSF-LTREB Program Grants DEB-0950080 and DEB-1457100, the Smithsonian Institution, and Villanova University. NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 17 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 391 EP 403 DI 10.1111/gcb.13112 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA7KL UT WOS:000367982900031 PM 26577708 ER PT J AU Mueller, P Jensen, K Megonigal, JP AF Mueller, Peter Jensen, Kai Megonigal, James Patrick TI Plants mediate soil organic matter decomposition in response to sea level rise SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE blue carbon; carbon sequestration; marsh organ; priming; Schoenoplectus; soil elevation; tidal wetland stability ID RADIAL OXYGEN LOSS; TIDAL MARSHES; ELEVATED CO2; SALT-MARSH; PHOTOSYNTHESIS CONTROLS; METHANE EMISSIONS; ABIOTIC FACTORS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CARBON; RHIZOSPHERE AB Tidal marshes have a large capacity for producing and storing organic matter, making their role in the global carbon budget disproportionate to land area. Most of the organic matter stored in these systems is in soils where it contributes 2-5 times more to surface accretion than an equal mass of minerals. Soil organic matter (SOM) sequestration is the primary process by which tidal marshes become perched high in the tidal frame, decreasing their vulnerability to accelerated relative sea level rise (RSLR). Plant growth responses to RSLR are well understood and represented in century-scale forecast models of soil surface elevation change. We understand far less about the response of SOM decomposition to accelerated RSLR. Here we quantified the effects of flooding depth and duration on SOM decomposition by exposing planted and unplanted field-based mesocosms to experimentally manipulated relative sea level over two consecutive growing seasons. SOM decomposition was quantified as CO2 efflux, with plant- and SOM-derived CO2 separated via (CO2)-C-13. Despite the dominant paradigm that decomposition rates are inversely related to flooding, SOM decomposition in the absence of plants was not sensitive to flooding depth and duration. The presence of plants had a dramatic effect on SOM decomposition, increasing SOM-derived CO2 flux by up to 267% and 125% (in 2012 and 2013, respectively) compared to unplanted controls in the two growing seasons. Furthermore, plant stimulation of SOM decomposition was strongly and positively related to plant biomass and in particular aboveground biomass. We conclude that SOM decomposition rates are not directly driven by relative sea level and its effect on oxygen diffusion through soil, but indirectly by plant responses to relative sea level. If this result applies more generally to tidal wetlands, it has important implications for models of SOM accumulation and surface elevation change in response to accelerated RSLR. C1 [Mueller, Peter; Jensen, Kai] Univ Hamburg, Appl Plant Ecol, Bioctr Klein Flottbek, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany. [Megonigal, James Patrick] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Mueller, P (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Appl Plant Ecol, Bioctr Klein Flottbek, Ohnhorststr 18, D-22609 Hamburg, Germany. EM peter.mueller@uni-hamburg.de; megonigalp@si.edu RI Jensen, Kai/L-6657-2015 FU Smithsonian Institution's Graduate Student Fellowship Program; University of Hamburg; Student Research Grant Program of the Society of Wetland Scientists; Smithsonian Institution; NSF-LTREB Program [DEB-0950080]; Maryland Sea Grant [SA7528114-WW]; US Department of Energy [DE-FG02-97ER62458] FX We thank J. Duls, A. Peresta, J. Meschter, G. Peresta, and K. Pannier for their help with field and laboratory work. Financial support was provided to P. Mueller through the Smithsonian Institution's Graduate Student Fellowship Program, the University of Hamburg, and the Student Research Grant Program of the Society of Wetland Scientists. The field study was supported by the Smithsonian Institution, the NSF-LTREB Program (DEB-0950080), Maryland Sea Grant (SA7528114-WW), and the US Department of Energy (DE-FG02-97ER62458). Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the US government. NR 65 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 21 U2 73 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 404 EP 414 DI 10.1111/gcb.13082 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA7KL UT WOS:000367982900032 PM 26342160 ER PT J AU Jung, JH Choi, JM Coats, DW Kim, YO AF Jung, Jae-Ho Choi, Jung Min Coats, D. Wayne Kim, Young-Ok TI Euduboscquella costata n. sp (Dinoflagellata, Syndinea), an Intracellular Parasite of the Ciliate Schmidingerella arcuata: Morphology, Molecular Phylogeny, Life Cycle, Prevalence, and Infection Intensity SO JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 18S ribosomal RNA; marine intracellular parasite; plankton; Syndinean dinoflagellate; tintinnid ID HOST EUTINTINNUS-PECTINIS; DUBOSCQUELLA-CACHONI; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; FAVELLA-PANAMENSIS; COASTAL WATERS; DIVERSITY; MODELS AB The syndinean dinoflagellate Euduboscquella costata n. sp., an intracellular parasite of the tintinnid ciliate Schmidingerella arcuata, was discovered from Korean coastal water in November of 2013. Euduboscquella costata parasitized in about 62% of the host population, with infection intensity (- number of trophonts in a single host cell) ranging from 1 to 8. Based on morphology and nuclear 18S ribosomal RNA gene sequences, the parasite is new to science. Euduboscquella costata n. sp. had an infection cycle typical of the genus, but had morphological and developmental features that distinguished it from congeneric species. These features include: (1) episome of the trophont with 2540 grooves converging toward the center of the shield; (2) a narrow, funnel-shaped lamina pharyngea extending from the margin of the episomal shield to the nucleus; (3) persistence of grooves during extracellular development (sporogenesis); (4) a single food vacuole during sporogenesis; (5) separation of sporocytes early in sporogenesis, regardless of type of spore formed; and (6) dinospore size (ca. 14 mu m in length) and shape (bulbous episome with narrower, tapering hyposome). After sporogenesis, E. costata produced four different types of spore that showed completely identical 18S rRNA gene sequences. The gene sequence was completely identical with a previously reported population, Euduboscquella sp. ex S. arcuata, from Assawoman Bay, USA, indicating that the two populations are likely conspecific. Favella ehrenbergii, a widely recorded tintinnid known to host Euduboscquella spp., co-occurred with S. arcuata, but was not infected by E. costata in field samples or during short-term, cross-infection experiments. C1 [Jung, Jae-Ho; Choi, Jung Min; Kim, Young-Ok] Korea Inst Ocean Sci & Technol, Jangmok Myon 656834, Geoje, South Korea. [Coats, D. Wayne] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Kim, YO (reprint author), Korea Inst Ocean Sci & Technol, 41 Jangmok 1, Jangmok Myon 656834, Geoje, South Korea. EM yokim@kiost.ac FU KIOST project [PE99193] FX This research was supported by KIOST projects (PE99193). NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1066-5234 EI 1550-7408 J9 J EUKARYOT MICROBIOL JI J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 63 IS 1 BP 3 EP 15 DI 10.1111/jeu.12231 PG 13 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DA9LZ UT WOS:000368131600001 PM 25963420 ER PT J AU Bentlage, B Rogers, TS Bachvaroff, TR Delwiche, CF AF Bentlage, Bastian Rogers, Travis S. Bachvaroff, Tsvetan R. Delwiche, Charles F. TI Complex Ancestries of Isoprenoid Synthesis in Dinoflagellates SO JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dinoflagellata; DOXP; endosymbiont gene transfer; Haptophyta; MEP; mevalonate; MVA ID PHYLOGENETIC TREE SELECTION; HORIZONTAL GENE-TRANSFER; NON-MEVALONATE PATHWAY; PLASTID-DERIVED GENES; TERTIARY ENDOSYMBIOSIS; KARLODINIUM-VENEFICUM; RIBOSOMAL-PROTEINS; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; PERKINSUS-MARINUS; GENOME EVOLUTION AB Isoprenoid metabolism occupies a central position in the anabolic metabolism of all living cells. In plastid-bearing organisms, two pathways may be present for de novo isoprenoid synthesis, the cytosolic mevalonate pathway (MVA) and nuclear-encoded, plastid-targeted nonmevalonate pathway (DOXP). Using transcriptomic data we find that dinoflagellates apparently make exclusive use of the DOXP pathway. Using phylogenetic analyses of all DOXP genes we inferred the evolutionary origins of DOXP genes in dinoflagellates. Plastid replacements led to a DOXP pathway of multiple evolutionary origins. Dinoflagellates commonly referred to as dinotoms due to their relatively recent acquisition of a diatom plastid, express two completely redundant DOXP pathways. Dinoflagellates with a tertiary plastid of haptophyte origin, by contrast, express a hybrid pathway of dual evolutionary origin. Here, changes in the targeting motif of signal/transit peptide likely allow for targeting the new plastid by the proteins of core isoprenoid metabolism proteins. Parasitic dinoflagellates of the Amoebophyra species complex appear to have lost the DOXP pathway, suggesting that they may rely on their host for sterol synthesis. C1 [Bentlage, Bastian; Rogers, Travis S.; Delwiche, Charles F.] Univ Maryland, CMNS Cell Biol & Mol Genet, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Bachvaroff, Tsvetan R.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Inst Marine & Environm Technol, Baltimore, MD 21202 USA. [Delwiche, Charles F.] Univ Maryland, Maryland Agr Expt Stn, AGNR, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Bentlage, B (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, MRC 163,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM bastian.bentlage@gmail.com FU NSF [DEB-1036506, DEB-1046075, DEB-0629624] FX We thank Endymion Cooper for generously sharing unpublished green algal transcriptome assemblies and Gregory Mendez for insightful discussions. We are also indebted for two reviewers who provided critical comments that helped us improve an earlier version of this manuscript. Funding for this project came through NSF grants DEB-1036506, DEB-1046075, and DEB-0629624. TR wishes to acknowledge an HHMI International Research Program Supplement. NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1066-5234 EI 1550-7408 J9 J EUKARYOT MICROBIOL JI J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 63 IS 1 BP 123 EP 137 DI 10.1111/jeu.12261 PG 15 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DA9LZ UT WOS:000368131600013 PM 26291956 ER PT J AU Yap, SL Davies, SJ Condit, R AF Yap, Sandra L. Davies, Stuart J. Condit, Richard TI Dynamic response of a Philippine dipterocarp forest to typhoon disturbance SO JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Biomass; Dipterocarp forest; Forest dynamics; Forest resilience; Mortality and recruitment; Regeneration; Tree demography; Typhoon disturbance ID LUQUILLO-EXPERIMENTAL-FOREST; BISLEY EXPERIMENTAL WATERSHEDS; SUBTROPICAL WET FOREST; TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; PUERTO-RICO; HURRICANE-HUGO; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; CATASTROPHIC WIND; DAMAGE; RECOVERY AB Questions: Natural hazards can wreak catastrophic damage to forest ecosystems. Here, the effects of typhoon disturbance on forest structure and demography of the 16- ha Palanan Forest Dynamics Plot in the northeast Philippines were examined by comparing census intervals with ( 1998- 2004) and without ( 2004- 2010) a strong typhoon. Category 4 Typhoon Imbudo, with wind gusts exceeding 210 kph, hit Palanan in July 2003. In this study, we ask: ( 1) was there an effect of the typhoon on stand structure and biomass; ( 2) was there an impact on species diversity; ( 3) did annual mortality, growth and recruitment change significantly between typhoon and non- typhoon periods; and ( 4) did the typhoon's impact vary with local topography, from leeward to windward sides of a ridge? Location: Lowland mixed dipterocarp forest, Palanan, Isabela, Philippines. Methods: Census data from 1998, 2004 and 2010 for all trees >= 1 cm DBH in a 16- ha permanent plot in Palanan, Isabela, were used to assess tree demography. Recorded in the census were species identification and measurements of DBH and tree locations. Biomass was calculated frompublished allometry. Results: Species diversity and stand structure remained stable, except for an increase in small- sized trees ( 1- 2 cm) recorded in the census conducted within a year of the typhoon disturbance. Treemortality was significantly higher during the typhoon interval at 2.27% yr-1 and more so in windward than leeward habitats. Above- ground biomass loss in the typhoon interval was minimal ( 2.64%) and biomass exceeded pre- typhoon levels after 6 yrs. Recruitment rate during the typhoon interval was almost four times the rate in the non- typhoon interval that followed, attributed to the rapid growth of seeds and seedlings of pioneer species due to the open, defoliated canopy. Negative population growth was recorded for the early successional species in the non- typhoon interval. Significantly higher growth rates of trees in the non- typhoon interval also contributed to biomass gain. Conclusions: Mortality, recruitment and growth rates vary across a heterogeneous landscape and are related to typhoon disturbances. The relatively low mortality and fast recovery of the Palanan forest demonstrates the resistance and resilience of the forest to intense episodic typhoon disturbances. C1 [Yap, Sandra L.] Univ Philippines, Inst Biol, PH-1101 Quezon City, Philippines. [Davies, Stuart J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Forest Global Earth Observ, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Condit, Richard] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Davies, SJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci, Forest Global Earth Observ, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM slimyap@gmail.com; DaviesS@si.edu; conditr@gmail.com FU University of the Philippines; Conservation International-Philippines; Isabela State University; Center for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS) of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; NSF [DEB-1046113] FX We thank the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (Reg. 2) for permission to conduct long-term studies in the Northern Sierra Madre Natural Park. The Palanan FDP has been supported by the University of the Philippines, Conservation International-Philippines, Isabela State University and the Center for Tropical Forest Science (CTFS) of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. We also acknowledge the helpful feedback from participants of the CTFS-ForestGEO workshops (supported by NSF grant DEB-1046113 to S.J. Davies), especially G. Chuyong, D. Kenfack, Y. Lin, S. Lum, S. McMahon, N. Pongpattananurak and S. Pulla, during the preliminary analysis of data. S. Russo provided insightful comments that improved the manuscript. SLY especially thanks the field workers in Palanan and the invaluable support and dedication given by the late Leonardo L. Co and Daniel A. Lagunzad, former principal investigators of the Palanan FDP, and Perry S. Ong, current plot principal investigator. SLY participated in the collection and management of census data, conducted statistical analyses and drafted the manuscript. SJD helped conceive the study, reviewed data interpretation and significantly contributed to the manuscript. RC oversaw data analysis and made important revisions to the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1100-9233 EI 1654-1103 J9 J VEG SCI JI J. Veg. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 27 IS 1 BP 133 EP 143 DI 10.1111/jvs.12358 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA DA5BF UT WOS:000367816400016 ER PT J AU Hong, T AF Hong, Terry TI Shelter SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Hong, Terry] Smithsonian BookDragon, Washington, DC USA. RP Hong, T (reprint author), Smithsonian BookDragon, Washington, DC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 141 IS 1 BP 101 EP 101 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA DA5SN UT WOS:000367862900147 ER PT J AU Lunning, NG Welten, KC McSween, HY Caffee, MW Beck, AW AF Lunning, Nicole G. Welten, Kees C. McSween, Harry Y., Jr. Caffee, Marc W. Beck, Andrew W. TI Grosvenor Mountains 95 howardite pairing group: Insights into the surface regolith of asteroid 4 Vesta SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITE CLASTS; DIOGENITE PARENT BODY; DARK MATERIAL; NOBLE-GASES; SUBSURFACE STRUCTURE; COLLISIONAL HISTORY; FRONTIER MOUNTAIN; POLYMICT BRECCIAS; EXPOSURE HISTORY; NORTHWEST AFRICA AB Regolithic howardites are analogs for the surface materials of asteroid 4 Vesta, recently mapped by the Dawn spacecraft. Rigorously evaluating pairing of howardites recovered in 1995 in the Grosvenor Mountains (GRO 95), Antarctica, enables an examination of a larger, more representative regolith sample. Previous work on two of the howardites studied here concluded that GRO 95602 and GRO 95535 are solar wind-rich surface regolith samples and that they are not paired with each other, leading to uncertainty regarding pairing relationships between the other GRO 95 howardites. Based on petrology, cosmic-ray exposure history, and terrestrial age, four GRO 95 howardites are paired. The paired howardites (GRO 95534, 95535, 95574, 95581) were from a meteoroid with radius of 10-15 cm, a preatmospheric size comparable to that of Kapoeta, the largest known regolithic howardite. The paired GRO 95 howardites contain clasts of at least 18 separate HED lithologies, providing evidence they were assembled from diverse source materials. The total eucrite: diogenite mixing ratio (ratio of all eucrite lithologies to all diogenite lithologies) in the paired GRO 95 howardites is similar to 2:1. Petrographically determined basaltic eucrite: cumulate eucrite ratios in regolithic howardites, studied here and previously, vary more widely than total eucrite: diogenite ratios. Relative to eucritic pyroxene, plagioclase is depleted in these howardites, which provides evidence that plagioclase is preferentially comminuted in the vestan regolith. The extent of plagioclase depletion could be an indicator of regolith maturity. C1 [Lunning, Nicole G.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Lunning, Nicole G.; McSween, Harry Y., Jr.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Lunning, Nicole G.; McSween, Harry Y., Jr.] Univ Tennessee, Planetary Geosci Inst, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Welten, Kees C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Caffee, Marc W.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Beck, Andrew W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. RP Lunning, NG (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, POB 37012,MRC 119, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM lunningn@si.edu RI Beck, Andrew/J-7215-2015; OI Beck, Andrew/0000-0003-4455-2299; Lunning, Nicole/0000-0002-9845-5104 FU NASA through UCLA Dawn subcontract [2090-S-JB694]; NASA through Cosmochemistry grant [NNX13AN86G] FX We thank the Meteorite Working Group for allocation of samples, Ralph Harvey and John Schutt for guidance regarding meteorite find locations, and Allan Patchen for assistance with EMP analyses. We thank our reviewers, Dr. Paul Buchanan and Dr. Julia Cartwright, for constructive comments. We also thank Dr. Tim McCoy and Dr. Josh Emery for helpful discussions regarding this project. This research was supported in part by NASA through UCLA Dawn subcontract 2090-S-JB694 and Cosmochemistry grant NNX13AN86G to HYM. NR 108 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1086-9379 EI 1945-5100 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 51 IS 1 BP 167 EP 194 DI 10.1111/maps.12580 PG 28 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DA7XO UT WOS:000368019100010 ER PT J AU Bray, AD Pillepich, A Sales, LV Zhu, E Genel, S Rodriguez-Gomez, V Torrey, P Nelson, D Vogelsberger, M Springel, V Eisenstein, DJ Hernquist, L AF Bray, Aaron D. Pillepich, Annalisa Sales, Laura V. Zhu, Emily Genel, Shy Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente Torrey, Paul Nelson, Dylan Vogelsberger, Mark Springel, Volker Eisenstein, Daniel J. Hernquist, Lars TI Modelling galactic conformity with the colour-halo age relation in the Illustris simulation SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: formation; galaxies: haloes; cosmology: theory; dark matter ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; GALAXY ASSEMBLY BIAS; STAR-FORMATION; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; FORMATION HISTORY; FORMATION PHYSICS; DARK-MATTER; COSMIC TIME; BLACK-HOLES; LUMINOSITY AB Comparisons between observational surveys and galaxy formation models find that dark matter haloes' mass can largely explain their galaxies' stellar mass. However, it remains uncertain whether additional environmental variables, known as assembly bias, are necessary to explain other galaxy properties. We use the Illustris simulation to investigate the role of assembly bias in producing galactic conformity by considering 18 000 galaxies with M-stellar > 2 x 10(9) M-circle dot. We find a significant signal of galactic conformity: out to distances of about 10 Mpc, the mean red fraction of galaxies around redder galaxies is higher than around bluer galaxies at fixed stellar mass. Dark matter haloes exhibit an analogous conformity signal, in which the fraction of haloes formed at earlier times (old haloes) is higher around old haloes than around younger ones at fixed halo mass. A plausible interpretation of galactic conformity is the combination of the halo conformity signal with the galaxy colour-halo age relation: at fixed stellar mass, particularly towards the low-mass end, Illustris' galaxy colours correlate with halo age, with the reddest galaxies (often satellites) preferentially found in the oldest haloes. We explain the galactic conformity effect with a simple semi-empirical model, assigning stellar mass via halo mass (abundance matching) and galaxy colour via halo age (age matching). Regarding comparison to observations, we conclude that the adopted selection/isolation criteria, projection effects, and stacking techniques can have a significant impact on the measured amplitude of the conformity signal. C1 [Bray, Aaron D.; Pillepich, Annalisa; Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente; Nelson, Dylan; Eisenstein, Daniel J.; Hernquist, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Sales, Laura V.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Zhu, Emily] Phillips Acad, Andover, MA 01810 USA. [Zhu, Emily] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Genel, Shy] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Torrey, Paul; Vogelsberger, Mark] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Torrey, Paul] CALTECH, TAPIR, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, ARI, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Bray, AD (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM abray@cfa.harvard.edu OI Torrey, Paul/0000-0002-5653-0786; Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente/0000-0002-9495-0079 FU HST [HST-AR-13897]; NASA - STScI [HST-HF2-51341.001-A]; NASA [NAS5-26555, NNX12AC67G]; NASA ATP Grant [NNX14AH35G]; European Research Council [EXAGAL-308037]; NSF [AST-1312095]; PRACE project [RA0844]; GCS-project [pr85je] FX ADB, AP, and SG thank Andrew Hearin for helpful discussions and comments on the manuscript and thank Frank van den Bosch, Jeremy Tinker, Guinevere Kauffmann, Alexie Leauthaud, and Cameron McBride for useful discussions. ADB thanks the OSU CCAPP for hosting its 2014 HOD workshop. AP acknowledges support from the HST grant HST-AR-13897. SG acknowledges support provided by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51341.001-A awarded by the STScI, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. PT acknowledges support from NASA ATP Grant NNX14AH35G. VS acknowledges support through the European Research Council under ERC-StG grant EXAGAL-308037. LH acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX12AC67G and NSF grant AST-1312095.; The Illustris-1 simulation was run on the CURIE supercomputer at CEA/France as part of PRACE project RA0844, and the Super-MUC computer at the Leibniz Computing Centre, Germany, as part of GCS-project pr85je. The further simulations were run on the Harvard Odyssey and CfA/ITC clusters, the Ranger and Stampede supercomputers at the Texas Advanced Computing Center through XSEDE, and the Kraken supercomputer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory through XSEDE. The analysis presented in this paper was conducted on the Harvard Odyssey and CfA/ITC clusters. NR 58 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 455 IS 1 BP 185 EP 198 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2316 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7TB UT WOS:000368005900037 ER PT J AU Richardson, ND Moffat, AFJ Maltais-Tariant, R Pablo, H Gies, DR Saio, H St-Louis, N Schaefer, G Miroshnichenko, AS Farrington, C Aldoretta, EJ Artigau, E Boyajian, TS Gordon, K Jones, J Matson, R McAlister, HA O'Brien, D Raghavan, D Ramiaramanantsoa, T Ridgway, ST Scott, N Sturmann, J Sturmann, L ten Brummelaar, T Thomas, JD Turner, N Vargas, N Zharikov, S Matthews, J Cameron, C Guenther, D Kuschnig, R Rowe, J Rucinski, S Sasselov, D Weiss, W AF Richardson, Noel D. Moffat, Anthony F. J. Maltais-Tariant, Raphael Pablo, Herbert Gies, Douglas R. Saio, Hideyuki St-Louis, Nicole Schaefer, Gail Miroshnichenko, Anatoly S. Farrington, Chris Aldoretta, Emily J. Artigau, Etienne Boyajian, Tabetha S. Gordon, Kathryn Jones, Jeremy Matson, Rachel McAlister, Harold A. O'Brien, David Raghavan, Deepak Ramiaramanantsoa, Tahina Ridgway, Stephen T. Scott, Nic Sturmann, Judit Sturmann, Laszlo ten Brummelaar, Theo Thomas, Joshua D. Turner, Nils Vargas, Norm Zharikov, Sergey Matthews, Jaymie Cameron, Chris Guenther, David Kuschnig, Rainer Rowe, Jason Rucinski, Slavek Sasselov, Dimitar Weiss, Werner TI Spectroscopy, MOST photometry, and interferometry of MWC 314: is it an LBV or an interacting binary? SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE binaries: close; stars: early-type; stars: individual: MWC 314; stars: massloss; stars: variables: S Doradus; stars: winds, outflows ID SECULAR ORBITAL EVOLUTION; CHARA ARRAY; MASSIVE STARS; P-CYGNI; SYSTEM; SUPERGIANTS; VARIABLES; SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; SPECTROMETER; VARIABILITY AB MWC 314 is a bright candidate luminous blue variable (LBV) that resides in a fairly close binary system, with an orbital period of 60.753 +/- 0.003 d. We observed MWC 314 with a combination of optical spectroscopy, broad-band ground-and space-based photometry, as well as with long baseline, near-infrared interferometry. We have revised the single-lined spectroscopic orbit and explored the photometric variability. The orbital light curve displays two minima each orbit that can be partially explained in terms of the tidal distortion of the primary that occurs around the time of periastron. The emission lines in the system are often double-peaked and stationary in their kinematics, indicative of a circumbinary disc. We find that the stellar wind or circumbinary disc is partially resolved in the K' -band with the longest baselines of the CHARA Array. From this analysis, we provide a simple, qualitative model in an attempt to explain the observations. From the assumption of Roche Lobe overflow and tidal synchronization at periastron, we estimate the component masses to be M-1 approximate to 5M(circle dot) and M-2 approximate to 15M(circle dot), which indicates a mass of the LBV that is extremely low. In addition to the orbital modulation, we discovered two pulsational modes with the MOST satellite. These modes are easily supported by a low-mass hydrogen-poor star, but cannot be easily supported by a star with the parameters of an LBV. The combination of these results provides evidence that the primary star was likely never a normal LBV, but rather is the product of binary interactions. As such, this system presents opportunities for studying mass-transfer and binary evolution with many observational techniques. C1 [Richardson, Noel D.; Moffat, Anthony F. J.; Maltais-Tariant, Raphael; Pablo, Herbert; St-Louis, Nicole; Aldoretta, Emily J.; Artigau, Etienne; Ramiaramanantsoa, Tahina] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Richardson, Noel D.; Moffat, Anthony F. J.; Maltais-Tariant, Raphael; Pablo, Herbert; St-Louis, Nicole; Aldoretta, Emily J.; Artigau, Etienne; Ramiaramanantsoa, Tahina] Univ Montreal, CRAQ, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Gies, Douglas R.; Gordon, Kathryn; Jones, Jeremy; Matson, Rachel; McAlister, Harold A.; Raghavan, Deepak] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr High Angular Resolut Astron, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. [Saio, Hideyuki] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Astron Inst, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan. [Schaefer, Gail; Farrington, Chris; Scott, Nic; Sturmann, Judit; Sturmann, Laszlo; ten Brummelaar, Theo; Turner, Nils; Vargas, Norm] Mt Wilson Observ, CHARA Array, Mt Wilson, CA 91023 USA. [Miroshnichenko, Anatoly S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys & Astron, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. [Boyajian, Tabetha S.] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [O'Brien, David] Max Planck Inst Radio Astron, D-53010 Bonn, Germany. [Ridgway, Stephen T.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Thomas, Joshua D.] Clarkson Univ, Dept Phys, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. [Zharikov, Sergey] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ensenada 22860, BC, Mexico. [Matthews, Jaymie; Kuschnig, Rainer] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Cameron, Chris] Cape Breton Univ, Dept Math Phys & Geol, Sydney, NS B1P 6L2, Australia. [Guenther, David] St Marys Univ, Inst Computat Astrophys, Dept Phys & Astron, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada. [Kuschnig, Rainer] Univ Vienna, Inst Astron, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Rowe, Jason] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Rucinski, Slavek] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Sasselov, Dimitar] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Richardson, ND (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, CP 6128,Succ Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. EM richardson@astro.umontreal.ca OI Richardson, Noel/0000-0002-2806-9339 FU CRAQ (Centre de Recherche en Astrophysique du Quebec); NSERC (Canada); FRQNT (Quebec); NSF [AST-1411654]; DGAPA/PAPIIT project [IN100614]; NASA [ADAP12-0172]; NOAO Programs [2009B-0153, 2012A-0216]; Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund; GSU College of Arts and Sciences; National Science Foundation [AST-0606958, AST-0908253, AST-1211129]; W. M. Keck Foundation; NASA Exoplanet Science Institute; Georgia State University; David and Lucile Packard Foundation FX We thank the anonymous referee for helping the analysis and presentation of this paper. We are grateful to Fred Walter (Stony Brook University) for his scheduling of spectroscopic observations with the CTIO 1.5 m, to the CTIO SMARTS staff for queue observing support, and to Todd Henry (Georgia State University) for assistance in scheduling the initial observations with the SMARTS echelle spectrograph. We are also grateful to John Monnier (Univ. of Michigan) for contributions to data reduction and analysis. We thank Pierre-Luc Levesque, Bernard Malenfant, Ghislain Turcotte, and Philippe Vallee for their assistance in obtaining data at the OMM. Some spectra with the CTIO 1.5 m were obtained through the NOAO Programs 2009B-0153 and 2012A-0216. This work was partially based on observations obtained at the 2.1-m Otto Struve and 2.7-m Harlan. J. Smith telescopes of the McDonald Observatory of the University of Texas at Austin. This work was also based partially on observations obtained at the Mercator telescopes and HERMES spectrograph of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. This research was made possible through the use of the APASS, funded by the Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund. Operational funding for the CHARA Array is provided by the GSU College of Arts and Sciences, by the National Science Foundation through grants AST-0606958, AST-0908253, and AST-1211129, by the W. M. Keck Foundation, and by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. We thank the Mount Wilson Institute for providing infrastructure support at Mount Wilson Observatory. The CHARA Array, operated by Georgia State University, was built with funding provided by the National Science Foundation, Georgia State University, the W. M. Keck Foundation, and the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. This research has made use of the SIMBAD data base, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France.; NDR is grateful for his CRAQ (Centre de Recherche en Astrophysique du Quebec) postdoctoral fellowship. AFJM and NSL are grateful for financial support from NSERC (Canada) and FRQNT (Quebec). DRG and GS acknowledge support from NSF grant AST-1411654. AM and SZ acknowledge support from DGAPA/PAPIIT project IN100614. TSB acknowledges support provided through NASA grant ADAP12-0172. NR 68 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 455 IS 1 BP 244 EP 257 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2291 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7TB UT WOS:000368005900042 ER PT J AU Chiu, I Mohr, J McDonald, M Bocquet, S Ashby, MLN Bayliss, M Benson, BA Bleem, LE Brodwin, M Desai, S Dietrich, JP Forman, WR Gangkofner, C Gonzalez, AH Hennig, C Liu, J Reichardt, CL Saro, A Stalder, B Stanford, SA Song, J Schrabback, T Suhada, R Strazzullo, V Zenteno, A AF Chiu, I. Mohr, J. McDonald, M. Bocquet, S. Ashby, M. L. N. Bayliss, M. Benson, B. A. Bleem, L. E. Brodwin, M. Desai, S. Dietrich, J. P. Forman, W. R. Gangkofner, C. Gonzalez, A. H. Hennig, C. Liu, J. Reichardt, C. L. Saro, A. Stalder, B. Stanford, S. A. Song, J. Schrabback, T. Suhada, R. Strazzullo, V. Zenteno, A. TI Baryon content of massive galaxy clusters at 0.57 < z < 1.33 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: evolution; galaxies: clusters: general; large-scale structure of Universe; X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; ATACAMA COSMOLOGY TELESCOPE; SPT-SZ SURVEY; ZELDOVICH EFFECT SURVEY; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; 720 SQUARE DEGREES; ACT-CL J0102-4915; K-BAND PROPERTIES; SIMILAR-TO 1; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION AB We study the stellar, brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) and intracluster medium (ICM) masses of 14 South Pole Telescope (SPT) selected galaxy clusters with median redshift z = 0.9 and mass M-500 = 6 x 10(14) M-circle dot. We estimate stellar masses for each cluster and BCG using six photometric bands, the ICM mass using X-ray observations and the virial masses using the SPT Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect signature. At z = 0.9, the BCG mass M-*(BCG) constitutes 0.12 +/- 0.01 per cent of the halo mass for a 6 x 10(14) M-circle dot cluster, and this fraction falls as M-500(-0.58 +/- 0.07). The cluster stellar mass function has a characteristic mass M-0 = 10(11.0 +/- 0.1) M-circle dot, and the number of galaxies per unit mass in clusters is larger than in the field by a factor of 1.65 +/- 0.20. We combine our SPT sample with previously published samples at low redshift and correct to a common initial mass function and for systematic virial mass differences. We then explore mass and redshift trends in the stellar fraction f(*), the ICM fraction f(ICM), the collapsed baryon fraction f(c) and the baryon fraction f(b). At a pivot mass of 6 x 10(14) M-circle dot and redshift z = 0.9, the characteristic values are f(*) = 1.1 +/- 0.1 per cent, f(ICM) = 9.6 +/- 0.5 per cent, f(c) = 10.7 +/- 1.1 per cent and f(b) = 10.7 +/- 0.6 per cent. These fractions all vary with cluster mass at high significance, with higher mass clusters having lower f(*) and f(c) and higher f(ICM) and f(b). When accounting for a 15 per cent systematic virial mass uncertainty, there is no statistically significant redshift trend at fixed mass. Our results support the scenario where clusters grow through accretion from subclusters (higher f(*), lower f(ICM)) and the field (lower f(*), higher f(ICM)), balancing to keep f(*) and f(ICM) approximately constant since z similar to 0.9. C1 [Chiu, I.; Mohr, J.; Bocquet, S.; Desai, S.; Dietrich, J. P.; Gangkofner, C.; Hennig, C.; Liu, J.; Saro, A.; Suhada, R.; Strazzullo, V.; Zenteno, A.] Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Chiu, I.; Mohr, J.; Bocquet, S.; Desai, S.; Dietrich, J. P.; Gangkofner, C.; Hennig, C.; Liu, J.; Saro, A.] Excellence Cluster Universe, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Mohr, J.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [McDonald, M.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Ashby, M. L. N.; Bayliss, M.; Forman, W. R.; Stalder, B.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bayliss, M.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Benson, B. A.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Benson, B. A.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Benson, B. A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bleem, L. E.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Bleem, L. E.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Brodwin, M.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Gonzalez, A. H.] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Reichardt, C. L.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. [Stalder, B.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Stanford, S. A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Stanford, S. A.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Song, J.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daejeon 305348, South Korea. [Schrabback, T.] Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Zenteno, A.] Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, La Serena, Chile. RP Chiu, I (reprint author), Univ Munich, Dept Phys, Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany. EM inonchiu@usm.lmu.de OI Dietrich, Jorg/0000-0002-8134-9591; Reichardt, Christian/0000-0003-2226-9169; Stern, Corvin/0000-0003-4406-6127; Forman, William/0000-0002-9478-1682 FU VLT programmes [088.A-0889, 089.A-0824]; DFG Cluster of Excellence 'Origin and Structure of the Universe'; Transregio programme TR33 'The Dark Universe'; Fermi Research Alliance, LLC [De-AC02-07CH11359]; United States Department of Energy; NSF [AST-1009012, AST-1009649, MRI-0723073]; German Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi) [50 OR 1210]; National Science Foundation [ANT-0638937]; NSF Physics Frontier Center [PHY-0114422]; Kavli Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; [C18-12246]; [C19-12447]; [60099]; [70053]; [80012] FX We acknowledge the support by the DFG Cluster of Excellence 'Origin and Structure of the Universe' and the Transregio programme TR33 'The Dark Universe'. The calculations have been carried out on the computing facilities of the Computational Center for Particle and Astrophysics (C2PAP) and of the Leibniz Supercomputer Center (LRZ). BB is supported by the Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. BS acknowledges the support of the NSF grants at Harvard and SAO (AST-1009012, AST-1009649 and MRI-0723073). TS acknowledges the support from the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi) provided through DLR under project 50 OR 1210. The South Pole Telescope is supported by the National Science Foundation through grant ANT-0638937. Partial support is also provided by the NSF Physics Frontier Center grant PHY-0114422 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Kavli Foundation and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation.; Optical imaging data from the VLT programmes 088.A-0889 and 089.A-0824, HST imaging data from programmes C18-12246 and C19-12447, and Spitzer Space Telescope imaging from programmes 60099, 70053 and 80012 enable the SED fitting in this analysis. X-ray data obtained with Chandra X-ray Observatory programmes and XMM-Newton Observatory programme 067501 enable the ICM mass measurements. The SPT survey programme SPT-SZ enabled the discovery of these high-redshift clusters and subsequent analyses have enabled virial mass estimates of these systems. Optical spectroscopic data from VLT programmes 086.A-0741 and 286.A-5021 and Gemini programme GS-2009B-Q-16, GS-2011A-C-3 and GS-2011B-C-6 were included in this work. Additional spectroscopic data were obtained with the 6.5 m Magellan Telescopes. NR 100 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 455 IS 1 BP 258 EP 275 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2303 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7TB UT WOS:000368005900043 ER PT J AU de Witt, A Bietenholz, MF Kamble, A Soderberg, AM Brunthaler, A Zauderer, B Bartel, N Rupen, MP AF de Witt, A. Bietenholz, M. F. Kamble, A. Soderberg, A. M. Brunthaler, A. Zauderer, B. Bartel, N. Rupen, M. P. TI Imaging the expanding shell of SN 2011dh SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE supernovae: individual: SN2011dh; radio continuum: general ID IIB SUPERNOVA 2011DH; VLBI OBSERVATIONS; X-RAY; SUPERGIANT PROGENITOR; BINARY COMPANION; RADIO-EMISSION; LIGHT CURVES; 1993J VLBI; M51; EVOLUTION AB We report on the third epoch of very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of the radio-bright supernova SN 2011dh, located in the nearby (7.8 Mpc) galaxy M51. The observations took place at t = 453 d after the explosion and at a frequency of 8.4 GHz. We obtained a fairly well-resolved image of the shell of SN 2011dh, making it one of only six recent supernovae for which resolved images of the ejecta are available. SN 2011dh has a relatively clear shell morphology, being almost circular in outline, although there may be some asymmetry in brightness around the ridge. By fitting a spherical shell model directly to the visibility measurements we determine the angular radius of SN 2011dh's radio emission to be 636 +/- 29 mu as. At a distance of 7.8 Mpc, this angular radius corresponds to a linear radius of (7.4 +/- 0.3) x 10(16) cm and an average expansion velocity since the explosion of 19 000(-2400)(+2800) km s(-1). We combine our VLBI measurements of SN 2011dh's radius with values determined from the radio spectral energy distribution under the assumption of a synchrotron-self-absorbed spectrum, and find all the radii are consistent with a power-law evolution, with R similar to t(0.97 +/- 0.01), implying almost free expansion over the period t = 4 d to 453 d. C1 [de Witt, A.; Bietenholz, M. F.] Hartebeesthoek Radio Observ, ZA-1740 Krugersdorp, South Africa. [Bietenholz, M. F.; Bartel, N.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Kamble, A.; Soderberg, A. M.; Zauderer, B.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Brunthaler, A.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Rupen, M. P.] Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Astron & Astrophys Programs, Domin Radio Astrophys Observ, Penticton, BC V2A 6J9, Canada. RP de Witt, A (reprint author), Hartebeesthoek Radio Observ, POB 443, ZA-1740 Krugersdorp, South Africa. EM alet@hartrao.ac.za; michael@hartrao.ac.za FU National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa; NSERC FX Research at Hartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory was partly supported by National Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa. Research at York University was partly supported by NSERC. We have made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System Bibliographic Service. NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 455 IS 1 BP 511 EP 517 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2306 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7TB UT WOS:000368005900064 ER PT J AU Lipunov, VM Gorosabel, J Pruzhinskaya, MV Postigo, AD Pelassa, V Tsvetkova, AE Sokolov, IV Kann, DA Xu, D Gorbovskoy, ES Krushinski, VV Kornilov, VG Balanutsa, PV Boronina, SV Budnev, NM Cano, Z Castro-Tirado, AJ Chazov, VV Connaughton, V Delvaux, C Frederiks, DD Fynbo, JFU Gabovich, AV Goldstein, A Greiner, J Gress, OA Ivanov, KI Jakobsson, P Klose, S Knust, F Komarova, VN Konstantinov, E Krylov, AV Kuvshinov, DA Kuznetsov, AS Lipunova, GV Moskvitin, AS Pal'shin, VD Pandey, SB Poleshchuk, VA Schmidl, S Sergienko, YP Sinyakov, EV Schulze, S Sokolov, VV Sokolova, TN Sparre, M Thone, CC Tlatov, AG Tyurina, NV Ulanov, MV Yazev, SA Yurkov, VV AF Lipunov, V. M. Gorosabel, J. Pruzhinskaya, M. V. de Ugarte Postigo, A. Pelassa, V. Tsvetkova, A. E. Sokolov, I. V. Kann, D. A. Xu, Dong Gorbovskoy, E. S. Krushinski, V. V. Kornilov, V. G. Balanutsa, P. V. Boronina, S. V. Budnev, N. M. Cano, Z. Castro-Tirado, A. J. Chazov, V. V. Connaughton, V. Delvaux, C. Frederiks, D. D. Fynbo, J. F. U. Gabovich, A. V. Goldstein, A. Greiner, J. Gress, O. A. Ivanov, K. I. Jakobsson, P. Klose, S. Knust, F. Komarova, V. N. Konstantinov, E. Krylov, A. V. Kuvshinov, D. A. Kuznetsov, A. S. Lipunova, G. V. Moskvitin, A. S. Pal'shin, V. D. Pandey, S. B. Poleshchuk, V. A. Schmidl, S. Sergienko, Yu. P. Sinyakov, E. V. Schulze, S. Sokolov, V. V. Sokolova, T. N. Sparre, M. Thoene, C. C. Tlatov, A. G. Tyurina, N. V. Ulanov, M. V. Yazev, S. A. Yurkov, V. V. TI The optical identification of events with poorly defined locations: the case of the Fermi GBM GRB 140801A SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; black hole physics; magnetic field; gamma-ray: general; X-ray: general ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; COMPLETE SAMPLE; LIGHT CURVES; AFTERGLOWS; SPECTRA; MASTER; TELESCOPE; LUMINOSITY; CATALOG; NETWORK AB We report the early discovery of the optical afterglow of gamma-ray burst (GRB) 140801A in the 137 deg(2) 3-sigma error-box of the Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM). MASTER is the only observatory that automatically reacts to all Fermi alerts. GRB 140801A is one of the few GRBs whose optical counterpart was discovered solely from its GBM localization. The optical afterglow of GRB 140801A was found by MASTER Global Robotic Net 53 s after receiving the alert, making it the fastest optical detection of a GRB from a GBM error-box. Spectroscopy obtained with the 10.4-m Gran Telescopio Canarias and the 6-m Big Telescope Alt-azimuth of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences reveals a redshift of z = 1.32. We performed optical and near-infrared photometry of GRB 140801A using different telescopes with apertures ranging from 0.4 to 10.4 m. GRB 140801A is a typical burst in many ways. The rest-frame bolometric isotropic energy release and peak energy of the burst are E-iso = 5.54(-0.24)(+0.26) x 10(52) erg and E-p,E- rest similar or equal to 280 keV, respectively, which is consistent with the Amati relation. The absence of a jet break in the optical light curve provides a lower limit on the half-opening angle of the jet theta = 6 degrees.1. The observed E-peak is consistent with the limit derived from the Ghirlanda relation. The joint Fermi GBM and Konus-Wind analysis show that GRB 140801A could belong to the class of intermediate duration. The rapid detection of the optical counterpart of GRB 140801A is especially important regarding the upcoming experiments with large coordinate error-box areas. C1 [Lipunov, V. M.; Kornilov, V. G.; Kuvshinov, D. A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Phys, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Lipunov, V. M.; Pruzhinskaya, M. V.; Gorbovskoy, E. S.; Kornilov, V. G.; Balanutsa, P. V.; Chazov, V. V.; Krylov, A. V.; Kuvshinov, D. A.; Kuznetsov, A. S.; Lipunova, G. V.; Tyurina, N. V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Sternberg Astron Inst, Moscow 119234, Russia. [Lipunov, V. M.; Gorbovskoy, E. S.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Extreme Universe Lab, Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Gorosabel, J.; de Ugarte Postigo, A.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Thoene, C. C.] Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18008 Granada, Spain. [Gorosabel, J.] Ikerbasque, Basque Fdn Sci, E-48008 Bilbao, Spain. [Gorosabel, J.] Univ Basque Country, Grp Ciencias Planetarias, ETS Ingn, Dept Fis Aplicada 1,UPV EHU IAA CSIC,Unidad Asoci, E-48013 Bilbao, Spain. [de Ugarte Postigo, A.; Xu, Dong; Fynbo, J. F. U.; Sparre, M.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Dark Cosmol Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. [Pelassa, V.; Connaughton, V.] Univ Alabama, CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Pelassa, V.; Pal'shin, V. D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA. [Tsvetkova, A. E.; Frederiks, D. D.; Ulanov, M. V.] Ioffe Inst, St Petersburg 194021, Russia. [Sokolov, I. V.] Russian AS, Terskol Branch, Inst Astron, Tyrnyauz 361623, Russia. [Kann, D. A.; Klose, S.; Schmidl, S.] Thuringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany. [Xu, Dong] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Xu, Dong] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Key Lab Space Astron & Technol, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Krushinski, V. V.] Ural Fed Univ, Kourovka Astron Observ, Ekaterinburg 620000, Russia. [Boronina, S. V.] St Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. [Budnev, N. M.; Gress, O. A.; Ivanov, K. I.; Konstantinov, E.; Poleshchuk, V. A.; Yazev, S. A.] Irkutsk State Univ, Inst Appl Phys, Irkutsk 664003, Russia. [Cano, Z.; Jakobsson, P.] Univ Iceland, Ctr Astrophys & Cosmol, Inst Sci, IS-107 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Castro-Tirado, A. J.] Univ Malaga, Unidad Asociada, Dept Ingn Sistemas & Automiat, E-29071 Malaga, Spain. [Connaughton, V.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Delvaux, C.; Greiner, J.; Knust, F.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Gabovich, A. V.; Sergienko, Yu. P.; Sinyakov, E. V.; Yurkov, V. V.] Blagoveschensk State Pedag Univ, Blagoveshchensk 675000, Amur Region, Russia. [Goldstein, A.] NASA, Space Sci Off, Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Greiner, J.] Tech Univ Munich, Excellence Cluster Universe, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Komarova, V. N.; Sokolov, V. V.; Sokolova, T. N.] Russian AS, Special Astrophys Observ, Nizhnii Arkhyz 369167, Russia. [Pandey, S. B.] Aryabhatta Res Inst Observat Sci, Manora Peak 263002, Nainital, India. [Schulze, S.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Santiago 7820436, Chile. [Schulze, S.] Millennium Inst Astrophys, Santiago 7820436, Chile. [Tlatov, A. G.] RAS, Main Pulkovo Observ, Kislovodsk Solar Stn, Kislovodsk 357700, Russia. [Ulanov, M. V.] Peter Great St Petersburg Polytech Univ, St Petersburg 195251, Russia. RP Lipunov, VM (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Phys, GSP 1, Moscow 119991, Russia. EM lipunov2007@gmail.com RI Ivanov, Kirill/O-9236-2015; Gorbovskoy, Evgeny/O-8845-2015; OI Gorbovskoy, Evgeny/0000-0002-4368-9237; de Ugarte Postigo, Antonio/0000-0001-7717-5085; Frederiks, Dmitry/0000-0002-1153-6340; Sparre, Martin/0000-0002-9735-3851; Thone, Christina/0000-0002-7978-7648; Schulze, Steve/0000-0001-6797-1889 FU Development Programme of Lomonosov Moscow State University; RFBR [15-02-07875, 14-32-50547]; Russian Federation Ministry of Education and Science [14.B25.31.0010, 2014/51, 1366]; NASA; Russian Foundation of Fundamental Research [RFBR 14-02-31546, 14-02-91172]; Russian Space Agency, RFBR [15-02-00532a, 13-02-12017 ofi-m]; DFG [HA 1850/28-1, Kl 766/16-1, 766/16-3]; Spanish Ministry Grant [AYA 2012-39727-C03-01]; EXTraS from European Union [607452]; Thuringer Ministerium fur Bildung, Wissenschaft und Kultur [FKZ 12010-514]; Division of Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences [OFN-17]; Russian Federation [MK-1699.2014.2]; CONICYT-Chile FONDECYT [3140534]; Basal-CATA [PFB-06/2007]; 'Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS) of Iniciativa Cientifica Milenio del Ministerio de Economia, Fomento y Turismo' [IC120009]; [3.615.2014/K] FX MASTER Global Robotic Net is supported in part by the Development Programme of Lomonosov Moscow State University. This work was also supported in part by RFBR 15-02-07875 grant.; This work is also partially supported by the Russian Federation Ministry of Education and Science (agreement 14.B25.31.0010 and government assignment 2014/51, project 1366) and by state order No. 3.615.2014/K in relation to scientific activity (design part).; The Fermi GBM collaboration acknowledges support for GBM development, operations, and data analysis from NASA in the U.S.A and BMWi/DLR in Germany. AG is supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at MSFC, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA.; This work was supported in part by Russian Foundation of Fundamental Research, grant RFBR 14-02-31546, 14-02-91172.; The KW experiment is partially supported by a Russian Space Agency contract, RFBR grants 15-02-00532a and 13-02-12017 ofi-m.; Part of the funding for GROND (both hardware and personnel) was generously granted from the Leibniz-Prize to Professor G. Hasinger (DFG grant HA 1850/28-1).; AJC acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry Grant AYA 2012-39727-C03-01.; CD acknowledges support through EXTraS, funded from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 607452.; DAK, SK, and SS acknowledge support by DFG grants Kl 766/16-1 and 766/16-3. In addition, SS acknowledges support by the Thuringer Ministerium fur Bildung, Wissenschaft und Kultur under FKZ 12010-514.; We acknowledge A. Burenkov, V. Vlasyuk and T. Fatkhullin for the help in observations. AM, VK and TS are partially supported by the Research Program OFN-17 of the Division of Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences. AM is also partially supported by the grant MK-1699.2014.2 of the President of Russian Federation and by RFBR 14-32-50547.; SS acknowledges support from CONICYT-Chile FONDECYT 3140534, Basal-CATA PFB-06/2007, and Project IC120009 'Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS) of Iniciativa Cientifica Milenio del Ministerio de Economia, Fomento y Turismo'. NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 455 IS 1 BP 712 EP 724 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2228 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7TB UT WOS:000368005900082 ER PT J AU Pakmor, R Springel, V Bauer, A Mocz, P Munoz, DJ Ohlmann, ST Schaal, K Zhu, CC AF Pakmor, Ruediger Springel, Volker Bauer, Andreas Mocz, Philip Munoz, Diego J. Ohlmann, Sebastian T. Schaal, Kevin Zhu, Chenchong TI Improving the convergence properties of the moving-mesh code AREPO SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE hydrodynamics; methods: numerical; galaxy: formation ID SMOOTHED PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS; GEOMETRIC CONSERVATION LAW; WHITE-DWARF MERGERS; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; FLOW COMPUTATIONS; STELLAR FEEDBACK; GALAXY FORMATION; IA SUPERNOVAE; DISC GALAXIES; EVOLUTION AB Accurate numerical solutions of the equations of hydrodynamics play an ever more important role in many fields of astrophysics. In this work, we reinvestigate the accuracy of the movingmesh code AREPO and show how its convergence order can be improved for general problems. In particular, we clarify that for certain problems AREPO only reaches first-order convergence for its original formulation. This can be rectified by simple modifications we propose to the time integration scheme and the spatial gradient estimates of the code, both improving the accuracy of the code. We demonstrate that the new implementation is indeed second-order accurate under the L-1 norm, and in particular substantially improves conservation of angular momentum. Interestingly, whereas these improvements can significantly change the results of smooth test problems, we also find that cosmological simulations of galaxy formation are unaffected, demonstrating that the numerical errors eliminated by the new formulation do not impact these simulations. In contrast, simulations of binary stars followed over a large number of orbital times are strongly affected, as here it is particularly crucial to avoid a long-term build up of errors in angular momentum conservation. C1 [Pakmor, Ruediger; Springel, Volker; Bauer, Andreas; Ohlmann, Sebastian T.; Schaal, Kevin] Heidelberger Inst Theoret Studien, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Springel, Volker; Schaal, Kevin] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Astronom Recheninst, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Mocz, Philip] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Munoz, Diego J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ctr Space Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Ohlmann, Sebastian T.] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Theoret Phys, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Zhu, Chenchong] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. RP Pakmor, R (reprint author), Heidelberger Inst Theoret Studien, Schloss Wolfsbrunnenweg 35, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. EM ruediger.pakmor@h-its.org FU European Research Council [EXAGAL-308037]; Klaus Tschira Foundation; German Science Foundation [1648]; National Science Foundation [DGE-1144152]; Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes; IMPRS for Astronomy & Cosmic Physics at the University of Heidelberg FX This work has been supported by the European Research Council under ERC-StG grant EXAGAL-308037 and by the Klaus Tschira Foundation. VS and KS acknowledge support through subproject EXAMAG of the Priority Programme 1648 'Software for Exascale Computing' of the German Science Foundation. Part of the simulations of this paper used the SuperMUC system at the Leibniz Computing Centre, Garching. PM acknowledges support by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under grant no. DGE-1144152. STO acknowledges financial support from Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes. AB and KS acknowledge support by the IMPRS for Astronomy & Cosmic Physics at the University of Heidelberg. NR 47 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 455 IS 1 BP 1134 EP 1143 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2380 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7TB UT WOS:000368005900110 ER PT J AU Slepian, Z Eisenstein, DJ AF Slepian, Zachary Eisenstein, Daniel J. TI Accelerating the two-point and three-point galaxy correlation functions using Fourier transforms SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; methods: statistical; large-scale structure of Universe ID REDSHIFT-SPACE DISTORTIONS; LUMINOUS RED GALAXIES; BARYON ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS; POWER-SPECTRUM; SDSS-III; DATA RELEASES; FINAL DATA; H(Z); DEPENDENCE; D-A(Z) AB Though Fourier transforms (FTs) are a common technique for finding correlation functions, they are not typically used in computations of the anisotropy of the two-point correlation function (2PCF) about the line of sight in wide-angle surveys because the line-of-sight direction is not constant on the Cartesian grid. Here we show how FTs can be used to compute the multipole moments of the anisotropic 2PCF. We also show how FTs can be used to accelerate the 3PCF algorithm of Slepian & Eisenstein. In both cases, these FT methods allow one to avoid the computational cost of pair counting, which scales as the square of the number density of objects in the survey. With the upcoming large data sets of Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument, Euclid, and Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, FT techniques will therefore offer an important complement to simple pair or triplet counts. C1 [Slepian, Zachary; Eisenstein, Daniel J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Slepian, Z (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM zslepian@cfa.harvard.edu; deisenstein@cfa.harvard.edu FU National Science Foundation [DGE-1144152]; Department of Energy [DE-SC0013718] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge useful discussions with Blakesley Burkhart, Charles-Antoine Collins Fekete, Doug Finkbeiner, Nikhil Padmanabhan, Stephen Portillo, and Martin White. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under grant no. DGE-1144152 and by the Department of Energy under grant DE-SC0013718. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 455 IS 1 BP L31 EP L35 DI 10.1093/mnrasl/slv133 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7TB UT WOS:000368005900007 ER PT J AU Thompson, FC Pape, T AF Thompson, F. Christian Pape, Thomas TI Sherborn's influence on Systema Dipterorum SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Flies; nomenclator; taxonomic catalog; identification; biodiversity informatics infrastructure; quality assurance standard ID WORLD LIST; NAMES; TAXONOMY AB Flies make up more than 10% of the planetary biota and our well-being depends on how we manage our coexistence with flies. Storing and accessing relevant knowledge about flies is intimately connected with using correct names, and Systema Dipterorum provides a single authoritative classification for flies developed by consensus among contributors. The 160,000 species of flies currently known are distributed among 160 recent families and some 12,000 genera, which with their synonyms encompass a total of more than a quarter of a million names. These names and their associated classification are shared with relevant global solutions. Sherborn appears to have done remarkably well indexing Diptera names with an overall error rate estimated to be close to 1%. C1 [Thompson, F. Christian] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Pape, Thomas] Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Dept Biosystemat, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Pape, T (reprint author), Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Dept Biosystemat, Univ Pk 15, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. EM tpape@snm.ku.dk RI Pape, Thomas/E-7520-2011 OI Pape, Thomas/0000-0001-6609-0609 FU Schlinger Foundation; Global Biodiversity Information Facility; United States Department of Agriculture; our home institutions FX We express our thanks to the entire Systema Dipterorum team of contributors and to all others who have supplied information over the years, and to the Schlinger Foundation, the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, the United States Department of Agriculture, and our home institutions, all of which provided financial support at various times. Neal Evenhuis, Dan Bickel and Steve Gaimari skillfully commented on the manuscript. NR 82 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 550 SI SI BP 135 EP 152 DI 10.3897/zookeys.550.9447 PG 18 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DA5YV UT WOS:000367879500008 PM 26877656 ER PT J AU Pilsk, SC Kalfatovic, MR Richard, JM AF Pilsk, Suzanne C. Kalfatovic, Martin R. Richard, Joel M. TI Unlocking Index Animalium: From paper slips to bytes and bits SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Metadata; Digitization; Linked Open Data ID INFORMATICS AB In 1996 Smithsonian Libraries (SIL) embarked on the digitization of its collections. By 1999, a full-scale digitization center was in place and rare volumes from the natural history collections, often of high illustrative value, were the focus for the first years of the program. The resulting beautiful books made available for online display were successful to a certain extent, but it soon became clear that the data locked within the texts needed to be converted to more usable and re-purposable form via digitization methods that went beyond simple page imaging and included text conversion elements. Library staff met with researchers from the taxonomic community to understand their path to the literature and identified tools (indexes and bibliographies) used to connect to the library holdings. The traditional library metadata describing the titles, which made them easily retrievable from the shelves of libraries, was not meeting the needs of the researcher looking for more detailed and granular data within the texts. The result was to identify proper print tools that could potential assist researchers in digital form. This paper outlines the project undertaken to convert Charles Davies Sherborn's Index Animalium into a tool to connect researchers to the library holdings: from a print index to a database to eventually a dataset. Sherborn's microcitation of a species name and his bibliographies help bridge the gap between taxonomist and literature holdings of libraries. In 2004, SIL received funding from the Smithsonian's Atherton Seidell Endowment to create an online version of Sherborn's Index Animalium. The initial project was to digitize the page images and re-key the data into a simple data structure. As the project evolved, a more complex database was developed which enabled quality field searching to retrieve species names and to search the bibliography. Problems with inconsistent abbreviations and styling of his bibliographies made the parsing of the data difficult. Coinciding with the development of the Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL) in 2005, it became obvious there was a need to integrate the database converted Index Animalium, BHL's scanned taxonomic literature, and taxonomic intelligence (the algorithmic identification of binomial, Latinate name-strings). The challenges of working with legacy taxonomic citation, computer matching algorithms, and making connections have brought us to today's goal of making Sherborn available and linked to other datasets. Partnering with others to allow machine-to-machine communications the data is being examined for possible transformation into RDF markup and meeting the standards of Linked Open Data. SIL staff have partnered with Thomson Reuters and the Global Names Initiative to further enhance the Index Animalium data set. Thomson Reuters' staff is now working on integrating the species microcitation and species name in the ION: Index to Organism Names project; Richard Pyle (The Bishop Museum) is also working on further parsing of the text. The Index Animalium collaborative project's ultimate goal is to successful have researchers go seamlessly from the species name in either ION or the scanned pages of Index Animalium to the digitized original description in BHL - connecting taxonomic researchers to original authored species descriptions with just a click. C1 [Pilsk, Suzanne C.; Kalfatovic, Martin R.; Richard, Joel M.] Smithsonian Lib, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Pilsk, SC (reprint author), Smithsonian Lib, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM PilskS@si.edu NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 80 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 550 SI SI BP 153 EP 171 DI 10.3897/zookeys.550.9673 PG 19 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DA5YV UT WOS:000367879500009 PM 26877657 ER PT J AU Renner, E Price, EE Subiaul, F AF Renner, Elizabeth Price, Elizabeth E. Subiaul, Francys TI Sequential recall of meaningful and arbitrary sequences by orangutans and human children: Does content matter? SO ANIMAL COGNITION LA English DT Article DE Sequential learning; Great apes; Children; Development; Memory; Monotonicity ID MACAQUES MACACA-MULATTA; RHESUS MACAQUES; NUMERICAL COMPETENCE; SERIAL-ORDER; TRICHROMATIC VISION; COGNITIVE IMITATION; FOOD PREFERENCES; HOMO-SAPIENS; 4-ITEM LISTS; MONKEYS AB Do visual cues such as size, color, and number facilitate sequential recall in orangutans and human children? In Experiment 1, children and adult orangutans solved two types of sequences, arbitrary (unrelated pictures) and meaningful (pictures varied along a spectrum according to the size, color, or number of items shown), in a touchscreen paradigm. It was found that visual cues did not increase the percentage of correct responses for either children or orangutans. In order to demonstrate that the failure to spontaneously seriate along these dimensions was not due to a general inability to perceive the dimensions nor to an inability to seriate items, in Experiment 2, orangutans were trained on one type of sequence and tested on novel sequences organized according to the same rule (i.e., pictures varied on the number spectrum only). The orangutans performed significantly better on novel meaningful sequences in this task than on novel arbitrary sequences. These results indicate that, while orangutans and human children share the ability to learn how to order items according to their size, color, or number, both orangutans and humans lack a cognitive propensity to spontaneously (i.e., without prior training or enculturation) order multiple items by size, color, or number. C1 [Renner, Elizabeth; Subiaul, Francys] George Washington Univ, Ctr Adv Study Human Paleobiol, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Renner, Elizabeth; Price, Elizabeth E.; Subiaul, Francys] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Subiaul, Francys] George Washington Univ, Dept Speech & Hearing Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Renner, E (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Ctr Adv Study Human Paleobiol, Dept Anthropol, 800 22nd St NW, Washington, DC 20052 USA. EM lrenner@gwmail.gwu.edu NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 12 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1435-9448 EI 1435-9456 J9 ANIM COGN JI Anim. Cogn. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 19 IS 1 BP 39 EP 52 DI 10.1007/s10071-015-0911-z PG 14 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA DA3JX UT WOS:000367694100004 PM 26298671 ER PT J AU Patrick, CJ Weller, DE Ryder, M AF Patrick, Christopher J. Weller, Donald E. Ryder, Micah TI The Relationship Between Shoreline Armoring and Adjacent Submerged Aquatic Vegetation in Chesapeake Bay and Nearby Atlantic Coastal Bays SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Shoreline hardening; Armoring; Riprap; Bulkhead; SAV; Land use; Land cover ID EELGRASS ZOSTERA-MARINA; WATER-QUALITY; LIGHT AVAILABILITY; SEAGRASS MEADOWS; NURSERY ROLE; ABUNDANCE; COMMUNITIES; SURVIVAL; USA; EUTROPHICATION AB Shoreline armoring is an ancient and globally used engineering strategy to prevent shoreline erosion along marine, estuarine, and freshwater coastlines. Armoring alters the land water interface and has the potential to affect nearshore submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) by changing nearshore hydrology, morphology, water clarity, and sediment composition. We quantified the relationships between the condition (bulkhead, riprap, or natural) of individual shoreline segments and three measures of directly adjacent SAV (the area of potential SAV habitat, the area occupied by SAV, and the proportion of potential habitat area that was occupied) in the Chesapeake Bay and nearby Atlantic coastal bays. Bulkhead had negative relationships with SAV in the polyhaline and mesohaline zones. Salinity and watershed land cover significantly modified the effect of shoreline armoring on nearshore SAV beds, and the effects of armoring were strongest in polyhaline subestuaries with forested watersheds. In high salinity systems, distance from shore modified the relationship between shoreline and SAV. The negative relationship between bulkhead and SAV was greater further off shore. By using individual shoreline segments as the study units, our analysis separated the effects of armoring and land cover, which were confounded in previous analyses that quantified average armoring and SAV abundance for much larger study units (subestuaries). Our findings suggest that redesigning or removing shoreline armoring structures may benefit nearshore SAV in some settings. Because armoring is ubiquitous, such information can inform efforts to reverse the global decline in SAV and the loss of the ecosystem services that SAV provides. C1 [Patrick, Christopher J.; Weller, Donald E.; Ryder, Micah] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Patrick, CJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd,POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM cjpatster@gmail.com OI Weller, Donald/0000-0002-7629-5437 FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research (CSCOR) [NA09NOS4780214] FX We thank the Virginia Institute of Marine Sciences, the Maryland Department of Natural Resources, and the Chesapeake Bay Program for providing data used in our analysis. This work was supported by award number NA09NOS4780214 from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research (CSCOR). NR 68 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 EI 1559-2731 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD JAN PY 2016 VL 39 IS 1 BP 158 EP 170 DI 10.1007/s12237-015-9970-2 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DA0ZK UT WOS:000367525900013 ER PT J AU Yamato, M Khidas, K Pyenson, ND Fordyce, RE Mead, JG AF Yamato, Maya Khidas, Kamal Pyenson, Nicholas D. Fordyce, R. Ewan Mead, James G. TI Extensively remodeled, fractured cetacean tympanic bullae show that whales can survive traumatic injury to the ears SO JOURNAL OF ANATOMY LA English DT Article DE bone pathology; marine mammal; seismic testing; sonar; tympanic bulla ID HEARING; EVOLUTION; PORPOISE; CALCIUM; SNEEZE; GAS AB Underwater human activities and anthropogenic noise in our oceans may be a major source of habitat degradation for marine life. This issue was highlighted by the opening of the United States Eastern Seaboard for seismic oil and gas exploration in 2014, which generated massive media coverage and widespread concern that seismic surveys could kill or deafen whales. We discovered 11 new specimens of fractured and healed cetacean ear bones, out of a survey of 2127 specimens housed in museum collections. This rare condition has been previously reported only in two specimens of blue whales (Balaenoptera musculus) from the early 1900s, summarized by Fraser & Purves (1953). All of our new specimens are represented by species for which this condition had never been reported previously, including both baleen and toothed whales. The baleen whale specimens (Balaenoptera physalus, Balaenoptera borealis, Balaenoptera acutorostrata) were collected during Canadian commercial whaling operations in the Atlantic Ocean in the 1970s; the specimens include ear bones with well-healed fractures, demonstrating that baleen whales are capable of overcoming traumatic injury to the ears. The toothed whale specimens (Delphinus sp., Berardius bairdii) were found dead on beaches in 1972 and 2001, respectively, with less remodeled fractures. Thus, ear injuries may be more lethal to the echolocating toothed whales, which rely on hearing for navigation and foraging. We explore several hypotheses regarding how these injuries could have occurred, and conclude that the most parsimonious explanations appear to be both direct and indirect effects of lytic processes from disease or calcium depletion, or damage from external pressure waves. Although further research is required to confirm whether the fractures resulted from natural or human-induced events, this study underscores the importance of museum collections and the work of stranding networks in understanding the potential effects of modern human activities on marine mammal health. C1 [Yamato, Maya; Fordyce, R. Ewan; Mead, James G.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Yamato, Maya; Pyenson, Nicholas D.; Fordyce, R. Ewan] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Khidas, Kamal] Canadian Museum Nat, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, Canada. [Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Burke Museum Nat Hist & Culture, Dept Mammal, Seattle, WA USA. [Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Burke Museum Nat Hist & Culture, Dept Paleontol, Seattle, WA USA. [Fordyce, R. Ewan] Univ Otago, Dept Geol, Dunedin, New Zealand. RP Yamato, M (reprint author), 1000 Constitut Ave NW, Washington, DC 20004 USA. EM yamatom@si.edu FU Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship; Becky Mead Memorial Fund; Smithsonian Women's Committee [32]; Smithsonian Institution's Remington Kellogg Fund; Basis Foundation FX We would like to thank Philippe Ste-Marie and Suzie-Anne Monast (CMN) for helping K. Khidas in sorting the CMN mysticete specimens described in this manuscript, and the work of Edward D. Mitchell, Jr. (formerly of the Arctic Biological Station, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada), for building these collections. Charles W. Potter (USNM) provided critical expertise and assistance throughout this project. Moe Flannery and Laura Wilkinson (CAS) and Chris Conroy (MVZ) kindly provided us with access to the Delphinus and Berardius specimens. Robert E. Jones was instrumental in contacting Ulan McKnight and Adam P. Summers for field photos and notes of MVZ 208600. Bill Walker (formerly of National Marine Mammal Laboratory) provided essential information for finding the Delphinus specimen. We also thank David Hunt (USNM) and Rachel Roston (Duke University) for insight regarding bone pathologies, and Raphaela Stimmelmayr (North Slope Borough Department of Wildlife Management) for providing us with relevant literature. Sentiel Rommel (University of North Carolina, Wilmington), Alex Werth (Hampden-Sydney College), and two anonymous reviewers provided insightful comments, which greatly improved this manuscript. Special thanks to Kristofer Helgen (USNM), whose mentorship of Maya Yamato allowed this project to take place. Yamato was supported by the Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship, Becky Mead Memorial Fund, and along with Pyenson was supported with funding from the Smithsonian Women's Committee (Award #32), the Smithsonian Institution's Remington Kellogg Fund, and the Basis Foundation. Fordyce acknowledges the excellent library resources of the University of Otago, and support for research travel to MVZ. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8782 EI 1469-7580 J9 J ANAT JI J. Anat. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 228 IS 1 BP 125 EP 136 DI 10.1111/joa.12385 PG 12 WC Anatomy & Morphology SC Anatomy & Morphology GA DA3FH UT WOS:000367681800012 PM 26391309 ER PT J AU Ashton, LA Nakamura, A Basset, Y Burwell, CJ Cao, M Eastwood, R Odell, E de Oliveira, EG Hurley, K Katabuchi, M Maunsell, S McBroom, J Schmidl, J Sun, ZH Tang, Y Whitaker, T Laidlaw, MJ McDonald, WJF Kitching, RL AF Ashton, Louise A. Nakamura, Akihiro Basset, Yves Burwell, Chris J. Cao, Min Eastwood, Rodney Odell, Erica de Oliveira, Evandro Gama Hurley, Karen Katabuchi, Masatoshi Maunsell, Sarah McBroom, James Schmidl, Juergen Sun, Zhenhua Tang, Yong Whitaker, Terry Laidlaw, Melinda J. McDonald, William J. F. Kitching, Roger L. TI Vertical stratification of moths across elevation and latitude SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE beta diversity; biodiversity; canopy; elevation; IBISCA; Lepidoptera; macroecology; macrolepidoptera; tropical rain forest; vertical compartmentalization ID LOWLAND RAIN-FOREST; BETA-DIVERSITY; LARGE-SCALE; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; TROPICAL FOREST; BIODIVERSITY; PATTERNS; INSECTS; ASSEMBLAGES; GRADIENTS AB Aim There is little consensus as to whether stratification of arthropods between canopy and understorey in tropical and subtropical forests is commonplace and if the magnitude of stratification changes across different elevations and latitudes. We investigated broad-scale patterns of vertical stratification of moths collected from extensive cross-continental fieldwork in a variety of forest types, climates, elevations, latitudes and areas with differing biogeographical history. Location Tropical and subtropical rain forest in eastern Australia; tropical, subtropical and subalpine forest in Yunnan Province, China; and tropical rain forest in Panama, Vietnam, Brunei and Papua New Guinea. Methods Night-flying moths were trapped from the upper canopy and understorey. We generated a total of 64 data sets to quantify vertical stratification of moths in terms of their species richness, using coverage-based rarefaction, and assemblage composition, using standardized hierarchical beta diversity. Based on the average temperature lapse rate, we incorporated latitudinal differences into elevation and generated 'corrected' elevation for each location, and analysed its relationships with the magnitude of stratification. Results We found consistent differences between canopy and understorey assemblages at almost all rain forest locations across corrected elevational gradients. The magnitude of vertical stratification in species richness did not change with increasing corrected elevation. In contrast, the difference in assemblage composition increased with increasing corrected elevation in the Northern Hemisphere, while the opposite, albeit weak, trend was found in the Southern Hemisphere. Main conclusions Clear vertical stratification was evident in moth assemblages regardless of elevation and latitude. However, the degree to which assemblages are stratified between canopy and understorey is not uniformly related to elevation and latitude. Inconsistencies in the magnitude of vertical stratification between the Northern and Southern Hemisphere, may reflect, on one hand, deep-time biogeographical differences between the land masses studied and, on the other, place-to-place differences in resource availability underpinning the observed moth assemblages. C1 [Ashton, Louise A.; Nakamura, Akihiro; Burwell, Chris J.; Eastwood, Rodney; Odell, Erica; Hurley, Karen; Maunsell, Sarah; McBroom, James; Kitching, Roger L.] Griffith Univ, Environm Futures Res Inst, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. [Ashton, Louise A.; Nakamura, Akihiro; Burwell, Chris J.; Eastwood, Rodney; Odell, Erica; Hurley, Karen; Maunsell, Sarah; McBroom, James; Kitching, Roger L.] Griffith Univ, Griffith Sch Environm, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. [Ashton, Louise A.; Nakamura, Akihiro; Cao, Min; Katabuchi, Masatoshi; Sun, Zhenhua; Tang, Yong; Kitching, Roger L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Ashton, Louise A.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, London SW7 5BD, England. [Nakamura, Akihiro; Burwell, Chris J.] Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, Qld 4101, Australia. [Basset, Yves] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Eastwood, Rodney] ETH, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [de Oliveira, Evandro Gama] Ctr Univ Una, BR-30180100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Hurley, Karen] Univ Queensland, ARC Ctr Excellence Environm Decis, Brisbane, Qld 4067, Australia. [Katabuchi, Masatoshi] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Schmidl, Juergen] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dept Biol, D-91058 Erlangen, Bavaria, Germany. [Whitaker, Terry] Crowtrees, Lancaster LA27EE, England. [Laidlaw, Melinda J.; McDonald, William J. F.] Queensland Herbarium, Dept Sci Informat Technol & Innovat, Toowong, Qld 4066, Australia. RP Nakamura, A (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Mengla 666303, Yunnan, Peoples R China. EM a.nakamura@xtbg.ac.cn RI Basset, Yves/B-6642-2014 FU Griffith University School of Environment; Environmental Futures Research Institute; Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Rainforest Ecology and Management; Earthwatch Organisation; Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN); Queensland Government Smart State Initiative; Queensland Museum; Queensland Herbarium; SEQ Catchments; Global Canopy Program; The Queensland National Parks Association; Conservation Volunteers Queensland; Queensland-Chinese Academy of Science Biotechnology Fund [GJHZ1130]; Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanic Garden; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Kunming Institute of Zoology; Czech Science Foundation (GACR grant) [41-14-36068G]; SolVin Solvay SA; STRI, the United Nations Environment Programme; Walcott Fund of the Smithsonian Institution; European Science Foundation; Global Canopy Programme FX This paper is the product of many different projects, and would not have been possible without many funding bodies and much volunteer help. Griffith University School of Environment and the Environmental Futures Research Institute supported all research presented here. Research on the one-hectare plots was supported financially over many years by the Cooperative Research Centre for Tropical Rainforest Ecology and Management and the Earthwatch Organisation. Atherton research was funded by the Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN); these data are available for use by other researchers (http://tern.org.au/). Lamington National Park data were collected during the IBISCA-Queensland project, funded by the Queensland Government Smart State Initiative, Queensland Museum, Queensland Herbarium, SEQ Catchments, the Global Canopy Program and The Queensland National Parks Association. Border Ranges research would not have been possible without the botanical expertise of John Hunter and Stephanie Horton. Support was also provided by Conservation Volunteers Queensland. Work in China was funded by the Queensland-Chinese Academy of Science Biotechnology Fund (GJHZ1130), in collaboration with Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanic Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Kunming Institute of Zoology. The IBISCA-Panama study was an initiative of Pro-Natura International, Ocean Vert, Blaise-Pascal University, the University of Panama and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI), with core funding from Czech Science Foundation (GACR grant 41-14-36068G), SolVin Solvay SA, STRI, the United Nations Environment Programme, the Walcott Fund of the Smithsonian Institution, the European Science Foundation and the Global Canopy Programme. We thank Elliot Leach and Nigel Stork for their helpful comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 10 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0305-0270 EI 1365-2699 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 43 IS 1 BP 59 EP 69 DI 10.1111/jbi.12616 PG 11 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA DA3IT UT WOS:000367691100006 ER PT J AU McShea, WJ Forrester, T Costello, R He, ZH Kays, R AF McShea, William J. Forrester, Tavis Costello, Robert He, Zhihai Kays, Roland TI Volunteer-run cameras as distributed sensors for macrosystem mammal research SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Camera traps; Cyberinfrastructure; Standard metadata; Citizen science; eMammal; Macrosystem ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; CITIZEN SCIENCE; ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH; PROTECTED AREAS; CONSERVATION; POPULATION; HABITAT; TOOL; PERFORMANCE AB Variation in the abundance of animals affects a broad range of ecosystem processes. However, patterns of abundance for large mammals, and the effects of human disturbances on them are not well understood because we lack data at the appropriate scales. We created eMammal to effectively camera-trap at landscape scale. Camera traps detect animals with infrared sensors that trigger the camera to take a photo, a sequence of photos, or a video clip. Through photography, camera traps create records of wildlife from known locations and dates, and can be set in arrays to quantify animal distribution across a landscape. This allows linkage to other distributed networks of ecological data. Through the eMammal program, we demonstrate that volunteer-based camera trapping can meet landscape scale spatial data needs, while also engaging the public in nature and science. We assert that camera surveys can be effectively scaled to a macrosystem level through citizen science, but only after solving challenges of data and volunteer management. We present study design and technology solutions for landscape scale camera trapping to effectively recruit, train and retain volunteers while providing efficient data workflows and quality control. Our initial work with > 400 volunteers across six contiguous U.S. states has proven that citizen scientists can deploy these camera traps properly (94 % of volunteer deployments correct) and tag the photos accurately for most species (67-100 %). Using these tools we processed 2.6 million images over a 2 year period. The eMammal cyberinfrastructure made it possible to process far more data than any participating researcher had previously achieved. The core components include an upload application using a standard metadata format, an expert review tool to ensure data quality, and a curated data repository. Macrosystem scale monitoring of wildlife by volunteer-run camera traps can produce the data needed to address questions concerning broadly distributed mammals, and also help to raise public awareness on the science of conservation. This scale of data will allow for linkage of large mammals to ecosystem processes now measured through national programs. C1 [McShea, William J.; Forrester, Tavis] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Natl Zool Pk, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Costello, Robert] Smithsonians Natl Museum Nat Hist, Off Educ & Outreach, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [He, Zhihai] Univ Missouri, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kays, Roland] North Carolina Museum Nat Sci, Raleigh, NC 27601 USA. [Kays, Roland] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP McShea, WJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Natl Zool Pk, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM mcsheaw@si.edu NR 55 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 10 U2 52 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 EI 1572-9761 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 31 IS 1 BP 55 EP 66 DI 10.1007/s10980-015-0262-9 PG 12 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA DA2AR UT WOS:000367598200006 ER PT J AU Corrales, A Arnold, AE Ferrer, A Turner, BL Dalling, JW AF Corrales, Adriana Arnold, A. Elizabeth Ferrer, Astrid Turner, Benjamin L. Dalling, James W. TI Variation in ectomycorrhizal fungal communities associated with Oreomunnea mexicana (Juglandaceae) in a Neotropical montane forest SO MYCORRHIZA LA English DT Article DE Beta diversity; Community structure; Fortuna; Forest Reserve; Mycorrhizal networks; Russula (Russulaccac) ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; SUCCESSIONAL GLACIER FOREFRONT; MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; OAKS QUERCUS SPP.; FINE-ROOT BIOMASS; MYCORRHIZAL NETWORKS; SEEDLING SURVIVAL; CANOPY TREES; NUTRIENT GRADIENT; SOUTH CAMEROON AB Neotropical montane forests are often dominated by ectomycorrhizal (EM) tree species, yet the diversity of their EM fungal communities remains poorly explored. In lower montane forests in western Panama, the EM tree species Oreomunnea mexicana (Juglandaceae) forms locally dense populations in forest otherwise characterized by trees that form arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) associations. The objective of this study was to compare the composition of EM fungal communities associated with Oreomunnea adults, saplings, and seedlings across sites differing in soil fertility and the amount and seasonality of rainfall. Analysis of fungal nrITS DNA (nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers) revealed 115 EM fungi taxa from 234 EM root tips collected from adults, saplings, and seedlings in four sites. EM fungal communities were equally species-rich and diverse across Oreomunnea developmental stages and sites, regardless of soil conditions or rainfall patterns. However, ordination analysis revealed high compositional turnover between low and high fertility/rainfall sites located ca. 6 km apart. The EM fungal community was dominated by Russula (ca. 36 taxa). Cortinarius, represented by 14 species and previously reported to extract nitrogen from organic sources under low nitrogen availability, was found only in low fertility/high rainfall sites. Phylogenetic diversity analyses of Russula revealed greater evolutionary distance among taxa found on sites with contrasting fertility and rainfall than was expected by chance, suggesting that environmental differences among sites may be important in structuring EM fungal communities. More research is needed to evaluate whether EM fungal taxa associated with Oreomunnea form mycorrhizal networks that might account for local dominance of this tree species in otherwise diverse forest communities. C1 [Corrales, Adriana; Ferrer, Astrid; Dalling, James W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Arnold, A. Elizabeth] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Arnold, A. Elizabeth] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Turner, Benjamin L.; Dalling, James W.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City 084303092, Panama. RP Corrales, A (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM corrlssr@illinois.edu RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011 OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722 FU Tinker Summer Research Fellowship; Francis M. and Harlie M. Clark Research support grant; University of Arizona; College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at The University of Arizona; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Short-Term Fellowship program; Government of Panama (SENACYT) [COLO08-003] FX Funding from a Tinker Summer Research Fellowship, a Francis M. and Harlie M. Clark Research support grant, a Robert L. Gilbertson Mycological Herbarium Grant (University of Arizona), the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at The University of Arizona, and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Short-Term Fellowship program is gratefully acknowledged. We sincerely thank two anonymous reviewers whose comments greatly improved the manuscript. Forest plot work was supported by grant COLO08-003 from the Government of Panama (SENACYT). We thank Kayla Arendt, Jana U'Ren, Katy Heath, and Pat Burke for assistance with molecular work, and Katie Heineman, Carmen Velasquez, Carlos Espinosa, and Marggie Rodriguez for their help in the field. NR 119 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0940-6360 EI 1432-1890 J9 MYCORRHIZA JI Mycorrhiza PD JAN PY 2016 VL 26 IS 1 BP 1 EP 17 DI 10.1007/s00572-015-0641-8 PG 17 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA DA5AH UT WOS:000367814000001 PM 25940407 ER PT J AU Pikovski, I Zych, M Costa, F Brukner, C AF Pikovski, Igor Zych, Magdalena Costa, Fabio Brukner, Caslav TI Reply to 'Questioning universal decoherence due to gravitational time dilation' SO NATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Letter C1 [Pikovski, Igor] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Pikovski, Igor] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zych, Magdalena; Costa, Fabio] Univ Queensland, Sch Math & Phys, Ctr Engn Quantum Syst, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [Brukner, Caslav] Univ Vienna, Fac Phys, Vienna Ctr Quantum Sci & Technol VCQ, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. [Brukner, Caslav] Austrian Acad Sci, IQOQI, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. RP Pikovski, I (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM igor.pikovski@cfa.harvard.edu RI Costa, Fabio/G-3746-2014; Zych, Magdalena/G-4007-2014; OI Costa, Fabio/0000-0002-6547-6005; Zych, Magdalena/0000-0002-8356-7613; Pikovski, Igor/0000-0002-9441-2553 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1745-2473 EI 1745-2481 J9 NAT PHYS JI Nat. Phys. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 12 IS 1 BP 2 EP 3 DI 10.1038/nphys3650 PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA DA5IA UT WOS:000367835400003 ER PT J AU Leu, ST Farine, DR Wey, TW Sih, A Bull, CM AF Leu, Stephan T. Farine, Damien R. Wey, Tina W. Sih, Andrew Bull, C. Michael TI Environment modulates population social structure: experimental evidence from replicated social networks of wild lizards SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article DE environmental variation; habitat complexity; lizard; movement; Scincidae; social network; social structure ID TILIQUA-RUGOSA; SLEEPY LIZARD; TRACHYDOSAURUS-RUGOSUS; AUSTRALIAN LIZARD; HABITAT COMPLEXITY; MOVEMENT PATTERNS; SELFISH HERD; GROUP-SIZE; BEHAVIOR; FOOD AB Social structure is a fundamental component of a population that drives ecological and evolutionary processes ranging from parasite transmission to sexual selection. Nevertheless, we have much to learn about factors that explain variation in social structure. We used advances in biologging and social network analysis to experimentally test how the local habitat, and specifically habitat complexity, modulates social structure at different levels in wild populations. Sleepy lizards, Tiliqua rugosa, establish nonrandom social networks that are characterized by avoidance of some neighbours and frequent interactions with one opposite-sex individual. Using synchronous GPS locations of all adult lizards, we constructed social networks based on spatial proximity of individuals. We increased habitat structural complexity in two study populations by adding 100 short fences across the landscape. We then compared the resulting movement behaviour and social structure between these populations and two unmanipulated populations. Social connectivity (network density) and social stability, measured at weekly intervals, were greater in populations with increased habitat structural complexity. The level of agonistic interaction (quantified as scale damage) was also higher, indicating a fitness cost of greater social connectivity. However, some network parameters were unaffected by increased complexity, including disassortative mixing by sex, and at the individual level, social differentiation among associates (coefficient of variation of edge weights) and maximal interaction frequencies (maximal edge weight). This suggests divergent effects of changed ecological conditions on individual association behaviour compared to the resulting social structure of the population. Our results contrast with those from studies of more gregarious species, in which higher structural complexity in the environment relaxed the social connectivity. This shows that the response to altered ecological conditions can differ fundamentally between species or between populations, and we suggest that it depends on their tendency for gregarious behaviour. (C) 2015 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Leu, Stephan T.; Bull, C. Michael] Flinders Univ S Australia, Sch Biol Sci, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. [Farine, Damien R.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Edward Grey Inst Field Ornithol, Oxford, England. [Farine, Damien R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anthropol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Farine, Damien R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ancon, Panama. [Wey, Tina W.; Sih, Andrew] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Wey, Tina W.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Biol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Leu, ST (reprint author), Flinders Univ S Australia, Sch Biol Sci, POB 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. EM stephan.leu@flinders.edu.au OI Wey, Tina/0000-0002-1928-5881; Bull, Michael/0000-0002-9350-5950 FU Australian Research Council [DP130100145]; National Science Foundation [EAGER-IOS-1250895]; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council [BB/L006081/1]; National Science Foundation postdoctoral fellowship in Biology [1003282] FX The research was funded by a grant from the Australian Research Council (DP130100145) to C.M.B. D.R.F. received additional funding from the National Science Foundation (EAGER-IOS-1250895) to Margaret Crofoot and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/L006081/1) to Ben Sheldon. T.W.W. was supported by an National Science Foundation postdoctoral fellowship in Biology (1003282). We thank Lewis McPherson and Victor Etevenot for their assistance with fieldwork, Ron and Leona Clark for allowing access to their land, Geoff Cottrell for maintaining the data loggers and Dale Burzacott for logistical support at the field site. NR 70 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 17 U2 56 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0003-3472 EI 1095-8282 J9 ANIM BEHAV JI Anim. Behav. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 111 BP 23 EP 31 DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.10.001 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA CZ8UG UT WOS:000367374000005 ER PT J AU Kralj-Fiser, S Candek, K Lokovsek, T Celik, T Cheng, RC Elgar, MA Kuntner, M AF Kralj-Fiser, Simona Candek, Klemen Lokovsek, Tjasa Celik, Tatjana Cheng, Ren-Chung Elgar, Mark A. Kuntner, Matjaz TI Mate choice and sexual size dimorphism, not personality, explain female aggression and sexual cannibalism in raft spiders SO ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article DE aggressive spillover; mate size difference; mating; personality; sexual cannibalism; voracity ID SOCIALLY POLYMORPHIC SPIDER; ORB-WEB SPIDER; BEHAVIORAL SYNDROMES; DOLOMEDES-TRITON; FISHING SPIDER; SPILLOVER HYPOTHESIS; FITNESS CONSEQUENCES; EVOLUTION; REPEATABILITY; PLASTICITY AB Intersexual agonistic encounters prior to mating are thought to result from the 'spillover' of the advantages of a voracious personality within a foraging context that is maladaptive in a mating context. We tested this idea by examining the repeatability and cross-context consistency of aggressive behaviours associated with foraging and mating in the raft spider, Dolomedes fimbriatus, in which some, highly voracious females reportedly kill approaching males and thus remain unmated. We failed to find support for a maladaptive spillover of voracious female personality. While females exhibited consistent inter-individual differences in voracity towards prey, voracity did not correlate with female aggressiveness towards males. Instead, we show that female D. fimbriatus adjusted their tendency to attack courting males according to their size relative to the male. Females commonly attacked males during or after copulation, but sexual cannibalism depended on relative mate size difference, with mating success tending to be compromised in females with lower body weight. (C) 2015 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kralj-Fiser, Simona; Candek, Klemen; Lokovsek, Tjasa; Celik, Tatjana; Cheng, Ren-Chung; Kuntner, Matjaz] Biol Inst ZRC SAZU, Evolutionary Zool Lab, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Kralj-Fiser, Simona] Univ Primorska, Fac Math Nat Sci & Informat Technol, Koper, Slovenia. [Elgar, Mark A.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Biosci, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Kuntner, Matjaz] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Kuntner, Matjaz] Hubei Univ, Coll Life Sci, CBEE, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China. RP Kralj-Fiser, S (reprint author), Biol Inst ZRC SAZU, Evolutionary Zool Lab, Novi Trg 2, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. EM simonakf@gmail.com OI Elgar, Mark/0000-0003-0861-6064 FU Slovenian Research Agency [P1-0236, J1-6729] FX We thank Petri T. Niemela for calculations of adjusted repeatability and Raphael Royaute for helping us with statistics. We thank M. Gregoric, K. Suen, C. Fiser and U. Pristovsek for their help in the lab and in the field. We thank J.M. Schneider for numerous discussions. S.K.F., K.C., T.L., T.C. and M.K. were supported by the Slovenian Research Agency (grants P1-0236, J1-6729). NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 29 U2 73 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0003-3472 EI 1095-8282 J9 ANIM BEHAV JI Anim. Behav. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 111 BP 49 EP 55 DI 10.1016/j.anbehav.2015.10.013 PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA CZ8UG UT WOS:000367374000008 ER PT J AU Robinson, H AF Robinson, Harold TI The genus Fleischmannia in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay (Eupatorieae, Asteraceae) SO PHYTOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Fleischmannia; Argentina; Bolivia; Brazil; Paraguay; new taxa AB Species of the genus Fleischmannia from Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay are reviewed, and keys are provided that cover the species in each country. New taxa described are Fleischmannia hatschbachii, F. matogrosensis, F. microstemon var paniculata from Brazil, F. hassleri from Paraguay and F. neei and F. steinbachii from Bolivia, and one new combination for a F. prasiifolia variety is provided. The additions bring the total known species of the genus to 102. C1 [Robinson, Harold] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Robinson, H (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 166,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM robinsoh@si.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1314-2011 EI 1314-2003 J9 PHYTOKEYS JI PhytoKeys PY 2016 VL 57 BP 61 EP 92 DI 10.3897/phytokeys.57.5784 PG 32 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DA1FG UT WOS:000367541100004 ER PT J AU Herman, RDK AF Herman, R. D. K. TI Traditional knowledge in a time of crisis: climate change, culture and communication SO SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Sustainability; Values; Scientism; Indigenous; Wisdom ID GEOGRAPHIES; DISENCHANTMENT; POSTHUMAN; SCIENCE; WORLD AB Science as it has come to be defined in Western thought is at the root of our current environmental problems. This article reviews the historical trajectory of specific facets in Western thought, including the disenchantment of nature, the apotheosis of reason, the technological domination of nature, and the Puritan temper. Illuminating this history points out that what is called "rational" and what popularly acceptable as "science" is in fact a by-product of specific historical, cultural, and political circumstances, and has produced a culture of "scientism" that is ideological, not value-free, and is in fact contrary to the open inquiry of science. These ideas are linked to economic rationality, colonialism, and human rights, severing modern humans from our Indigenous roots and fostering an ideology of rapacious environmental exploitation. The author proposes "indigeneity" as embracing the holistic knowledge and wisdom found in traditional cultures while also utilizing the advances in science and other areas of human endeavor. Specifically, the paper argues for bringing about a new cultural discourse that helps reshape human behavior into a more sustainable direction. The role of communication and storytelling is emphasized, with an example given in the story of Polynesian voyaging and the five values of the voyaging canoe. C1 [Herman, R. D. K.] Smithsonian Natl Museum Amer Indian, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Herman, RDK (reprint author), Smithsonian Natl Museum Amer Indian, POB 37012,MRC 590, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM hermand@si.edu NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 23 PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK PI TOKYO PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065, JAPAN SN 1862-4065 EI 1862-4057 J9 SUSTAIN SCI JI Sustain. Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 BP 163 EP 176 DI 10.1007/s11625-015-0305-9 PG 14 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CZ8JZ UT WOS:000367347300014 ER PT J AU Edwards, KL Trotter, J Jones, M Brown, JL Steinmetz, HW Walker, SL AF Edwards, Katie L. Trotter, Jessica Jones, Martin Brown, Janine L. Steinmetz, Hanspeter W. Walker, Susan L. TI Investigating temporary acyclicity in a captive group of Asian elephants (Elephas maximus): Relationship between management, adrenal activity and social factors SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Temporary acyclicity; Animal welfare; Asian elephant; Glucocorticoids; Management; Oestrous synchrony; Reproduction ID LOXODONTA-AFRICANA ELEPHANTS; OVARIAN ACTIVITY; ZOO ELEPHANTS; REPRODUCTIVE CYCLICITY; CHEMICAL COMMUNICATION; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; CENTRAL MECHANISMS; ESTROUS SYNCHRONY; DOMINANCE STATUS; BIRTH SYNCHRONY AB Routine faecal steroid monitoring has been used to aid the management of five captive Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) females at Chester Zoo, UK, since 2007. Progestagen analysis initially revealed synchronised oestrous cycles among all females. However, a 14- to 20-week period of temporary acyclicity subsequently occurred in three females, following several management changes (increased training, foot-care and intermittent matriarch removal for health reasons) and the initiation of pregnancy in another female. The aim of this study was to retrospectively investigate whether these management changes were related to increased adrenal activity and disruption of ovarian activity, or whether social factors may have been involved in the temporary cessation of cyclicity. Faecal samples collected every other day were analysed to investigate whether glucocorticoid metabolites were related to reproductive status (pregnant, cycling, acyclic) or management (training, foot-care, matriarch presence). Routine training and foot-care were not associated with adrenal activity; however, intensive foot-care to treat an abscess in one female was associated with increased glucocorticoid concentration. Matriarch presence influenced adrenal activity in three females, being lower when the matriarch was separated from the group at night compared to being always present. However, in the females that exhibited temporary acyclicity, there was no consistent relationship between glucocorticoids and cyclicity state. Although the results of this study do not fully explain this occurrence, the highly synchronised nature of oestrous cycles within this group, and the concurrent acyclicity in three females, raises the question of whether social factors could have been involved in the temporary disruption of ovarian activity. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Edwards, Katie L.; Trotter, Jessica; Steinmetz, Hanspeter W.; Walker, Susan L.] Chester Zoo, North England Zool Soc, Upton By Chester CH2 1LH, Cheshire, England. [Edwards, Katie L.; Brown, Janine L.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Trotter, Jessica; Jones, Martin] Manchester Metropolitan Univ, Manchester M1 5G, Lancs, England. [Steinmetz, Hanspeter W.] Schweizer Natl Circus AG, Gebruder Knie, CH-8640 Rapperswil, Switzerland. RP Edwards, KL (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Species Survival, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM edwardskl@si.edu; s.walker@chesterzoo.org FU Chester Zoo, UK FX This research was funded by Chester Zoo, UK. We would like to thank the elephant team at Chester Zoo, UK for collection of faecal samples and detailed husbandry information. We also thank the endocrine laboratory technicians and volunteers for processing and extracting faecal samples. NR 79 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 31 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0016-6480 EI 1095-6840 J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 225 BP 104 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.09.011 PG 13 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA CZ2RT UT WOS:000366953000011 PM 26393308 ER PT J AU Wagreich, M Haq, BU Melinte-Dobrinescu, M Sames, B Yilmaz, IO AF Wagreich, Michael Haq, Bilal U. Melinte-Dobrinescu, Mihaela Sames, Benjamin Yilmaz, Ismail O. TI Advances and Perspectives in Understanding Cretaceous Sea-level Change Preface SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Wagreich, Michael; Sames, Benjamin] Univ Vienna, Ctr Earth Sci, Dept Geodynam & Sedimentol, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. [Haq, Bilal U.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Haq, Bilal U.] Sorbonne Pierre & Marie Curie Univ, Paris, France. [Melinte-Dobrinescu, Mihaela] Natl Inst Geol & Geoecol GeoEcoMar, Bucharest 024053, Romania. [Yilmaz, Ismail O.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Geol Engn, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. RP Wagreich, M (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Ctr Earth Sci, Dept Geodynam & Sedimentol, Althanstr 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. EM michael.wagreich@univie.ac.at; bhaq@inbox.com; melinte@geoecomar.ro; benjamin.sames@univie.ac.at; ioyilmaz@metu.edu.tr NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-0182 EI 1872-616X J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 441 SI SI BP 391 EP 392 DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.10.040 PN 3 PG 2 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology GA CZ5AF UT WOS:000367113800001 ER PT J AU Sames, B Wagreich, M Wendler, JE Haq, BU Conrad, CP Melinte-Dobrinescu, MC Hu, X Wendler, I Wolfgring, E Yilmaz, IO Zorina, SO AF Sames, B. Wagreich, M. Wendler, J. E. Haq, B. U. Conrad, C. P. Melinte-Dobrinescu, M. C. Hu, X. Wendler, I. Wolfgring, E. Yilmaz, I. O. Zorina, S. O. TI Review: Short-term sea-level changes in a greenhouse world - A view from the Cretaceous SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Cretaceous greenhouse; Eustasy; Relative sea-level change; Aquifer-eustasy; Sequence stratigraphy; Orbital cycles ID ORBITAL TIME-SCALE; DYNAMIC TOPOGRAPHY; ICE SHEETS; SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY; OCEAN CIRCULATION; MANTLE CONVECTION; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RISE; EUSTASY AB This review provides a synopsis of ongoing research and our understanding of the fundamentals of sea-level change today and in the geologic record, especially as illustrated by conditions and processes during the Cretaceous greenhouse climate episode. We give an overview of the state of the art of our understanding on eustatic (global) versus relative (regional) sea level, as well as long-term versus short-term fluctuations and their drivers. In the context of the focus of UNESCO-IUGS/IGCP project 609 on Cretaceous eustatic, short-term sea-level and climate changes, we evaluate the possible evidence for glacio-eustasy versus alternative or additional mechanisms for continental water storage and release for the Cretaceous greenhouse and hothouse phases during which the presence of larger continental ice shields is considered unlikely. Increasing evidence in the literature suggests a correlation between long-period orbital cycles and depositional cycles that reflect sea-level fluctuations, implying a globally synchronized forcing of (eustatic) sea level. Fourth-order depositional sequences seem to be related to a similar to 405 ka periodicity, which most likely represents long-period orbital eccentricity control on sea level and depositional cycles. Third-order cyclidty, expressed as time-synchronous sea level falls of similar to 20 to 110 m on similar to 0.5 to 3.0 Ma timescales in the Cretaceous, are increasingly recognized as connected to climate cycles triggered by long-term astronomical cycles that have periodicity ranging from similar to 1.0 to 2.4 Ma. Future perspectives of research on greenhouse sea-level changes comprise a high-precision time-scale for sequence stratigraphy and eustatic sea-level changes and high-resolution marine to non-marine stratigraphic correlation. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sames, B.; Wagreich, M.; Wolfgring, E.] Univ Vienna, Dept Geodynam & Sedimentol, Geozentrum, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. [Sames, B.] Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum Nat Hist, Norman, OK 73072 USA. [Wendler, J. E.; Wendler, I.] Univ Bremen, Dept Geosci, D-28334 Bremen, Germany. [Haq, B. U.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Haq, B. U.] Sorbonne Pierre & Marie Curie Univ, Paris, France. [Conrad, C. P.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geol & Geophys, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Melinte-Dobrinescu, M. C.] Natl Inst Marine Geol & Geoecol GeoEcoMar, Bucharest 024053, Romania. [Hu, X.] Nanjing Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Engn, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Yilmaz, I. O.] Middle E Tech Univ, Dept Geol Engn, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Yilmaz, I. O.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Zorina, S. O.] Kazan Fed Univ, Dept Paleontol & Stratig, Kazan 420008, Russia. RP Sames, B (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Dept Geodynam & Sedimentol, Geozentrum, Althanstr 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. EM benjamin.sames@univie.ac.at RI Zorina, Svetlana/L-5404-2013 OI Zorina, Svetlana/0000-0001-6315-1672 FU OAW (Austrian Academy of Sciences) IGCP grant; Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P 27687-N29, P 24044-N24]; NSF [EAR-1151241]; EARTHTIME-EU; Russian Government Program of Competitive Growth of Kazan Federal University; [609] FX This paper is a contribution to UNESCO-IUGS IGCP project 609 "Climate-environmental deteriorations during greenhouse phases: Causes and consequences of short-term Cretaceous sea-level changes" (MW, XH, IOY, SOZ, BS). It benefited from an OAW (Austrian Academy of Sciences) IGCP grant to Michael Wagreich (MW, BS), from Austrian Science Fund (FWF) projects P 27687-N29 (BS) and P 24044-N24 (MW, EW), NSF grant EAR-1151241 (CPC), EARTHTIME-EU workshop funding, and the Russian Government Program of Competitive Growth of Kazan Federal University (SOZ). NR 175 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 9 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-0182 EI 1872-616X J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. PD JAN 1 PY 2016 VL 441 SI SI BP 393 EP 411 DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.10.045 PN 3 PG 19 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology GA CZ5AF UT WOS:000367113800002 ER PT J AU Lee, JSH Jaafar, Z Tan, AKJ Carrasco, LR Ewing, JJ Bickford, DP Webb, EL Koh, LP AF Lee, Janice Ser Huay Jaafar, Zeehan Tan, Alan Khee Jin Carrasco, Luis R. Ewing, J. Jackson Bickford, David P. Webb, Edward L. Koh, Lian Pin TI Toward clearer skies: Challenges in regulating transboundary haze in Southeast Asia SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY LA English DT Article DE Environmental law; Deforestation; Fires; Governance; Industrial plantations; Indonesia ID PEAT SWAMP FORESTS; FIRE EMISSIONS; ENVIRONMENTAL GOVERNANCE; INDONESIA; POLLUTION; IMPACTS; BIODIVERSITY; LAND; DEFORESTATION; CLIMATE AB Addressing transboundary environmental problems, such as pollution, and climate change, hinge on strategies that often require both mandatory and voluntary participation of affected nations. Using an unprecedented approach, the Singapore government recently passed a Transboundary Haze Pollution Act (THPA) that financially penalizes companies for smoke-haze affecting the city-state but originating from activities outside her political boundaries. This Act may set a precedent for future actions against proximate actors of environmental degradation but is fraught with substantial challenges in implementation. In attempting to hold agri-business companies accountable, the THPA must present indisputable evidence of fire burning activities and positively identify the initiator of these fires. We further argue that small amendments to the THPA, and other similar laws, may result in environmental co-benefits related to carbon emissions, ecosystem services and biodiversity preservation. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Janice Ser Huay] Princeton Univ, Woodrow Wilson Sch, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Lee, Janice Ser Huay] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Jaafar, Zeehan; Carrasco, Luis R.; Bickford, David P.; Webb, Edward L.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Jaafar, Zeehan] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Tan, Alan Khee Jin] Natl Univ Singapore, Fac Law, Singapore 117548, Singapore. [Ewing, J. Jackson] Nanyang Technol Univ, Ctr Nontradit Secur Studies, S Rajaratnam Sch Int Studies, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Koh, Lian Pin] Univ Adelaide, Inst Environm, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Koh, Lian Pin] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. RP Lee, JSH (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Woodrow Wilson Sch, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM janice.jlsh@gmail.com; jaafarz@si.edu RI Koh, Lian Pin/A-5794-2010 OI Koh, Lian Pin/0000-0001-8152-3871 FU Swiss National Science Foundation; National University of Singapore; Smithsonian Institute; Australian Research Council FX We thank the National Environment Agency of Singapore and the Singapore Institute of International Affairs for hosting stakeholder meetings and workshops on the Southeast Asian haze. J.S.H.L. is funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation. Z.J. is funded by the National University of Singapore and the Smithsonian Institute. L.P.K. is supported by the Australian Research Council. NR 88 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 18 U2 62 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1462-9011 EI 1873-6416 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLICY JI Environ. Sci. Policy PD JAN PY 2016 VL 55 BP 87 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.envsci.2015.09.008 PN 1 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CZ0DL UT WOS:000366775200009 ER PT J AU Capper, A Erickson, AA Ritson-Williams, R Becerro, MA Arthur, KA Paul, VJ AF Capper, Angela Erickson, Amy A. Ritson-Williams, Raphael Becerro, Mikel A. Arthur, Karen A. Paul, Valerie J. TI Palatability and chemical defences of benthic cyanobacteria to a suite of herbivores SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lyngbya; Secondary metabolites; Feeding deterrents; Generalist and specialist herbivorous grazers; Opisthobranch molluscs ID TROPICAL MARINE CYANOBACTERIA; LYNGBYA-MAJUSCULA GOMONT; SECONDARY METABOLITES; STYLOCHEILUS-LONGICAUDA; MORETON BAY; SEA HARES; OPISTHOBRANCH MOLLUSK; FEEDING PREFERENCE; GLOBAL EXPANSION; CLIMATE-CHANGE AB Nuisance blooms of toxic cyanobacteria are a common occurrence in many tropical and subtropical locations. Benthic marine cyanobacteria of the genera Lyngbya, Okeania, and Moorea are frequently observed in both Florida and throughout the Caribbean, sometimes forming large mats, and are prolific producers of bioactive secondary metabolites that often act as feeding deterrents to generalist herbivores. Little is known regarding the ecological roles of the secondary metabolite chemistry and the palatability of benthic cyanobacteria to grazers. This study examines the palatability of benthic cyanobacterial species from Florida (IRL1, IRL2, IRL3 and Okeania erythroflocculosa) and Belize (BEL1 BEL2) to a range of macro- and mesograzers in Florida and Belize. Pair-wise feeding assays using artificial diets of Gracilaria tikvahiae or fish food coated with cyanobacterial extracts and a control were used to determine palatability of extracts to Floridian and Belizean generalist grazers. The extracts of IRL1, IRL2, IRL3 and O. erythroflocculosa from Florida did not deter feeding by invertebrate grazers. Reef fish, however, were deterred by the non-polar extracts of IRL1, IRL3 and O. etythroflocculosa. Stylocheilus striatus was stimulated to feed on IRL2 extracts and non-polar extracts from IRL3. Non-polar extracts of BEL1 stimulated feeding in S. striatus; however, no significant difference was observed between BEL2 extracts and the control. Most generalist invertebrate grazers, sympatric and non-sympatric, appear indifferent to cyanobacteria extracts whilst reef fish are more likely to be deterred by cyanobacterial extracts, which may affect species interaction within communities with fluctuating or dominating benthic cyanobacterial blooms. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Capper, Angela] James Cook Univ, Coll Marine & Environm Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Capper, Angela; Erickson, Amy A.; Ritson-Williams, Raphael; Becerro, Mikel A.; Arthur, Karen A.; Paul, Valerie J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Erickson, Amy A.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Shreveport, LA 71115 USA. [Ritson-Williams, Raphael] Univ Hawaii, Dept Biol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Becerro, Mikel A.] CSIC, IPNA, Nat Prod & Agrobiol Inst, Tenerife 38206, Canary Islands, Spain. [Arthur, Karen A.] Australian Natl Univ, Sch Res Biol, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. RP Capper, A (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Coll Marine & Environm Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. EM angela.capper@jcu.edu.au; aerickso@lsus.edu; rrw33@hawaii.edu; mikel.becerro@csic.es; karen.arthur@anu.edu.au; Paul@si.edu OI Capper, Angela/0000-0002-4922-0253 FU Smithsonian Marine Station Fellowship; U.S. Department of Commerce (DoC, NOAA, ECOHAB programme), through UNCCH [NA05 NOS 4781194]; CCRE programme [980] FX This research was funded by a Smithsonian Marine Station Fellowship to A.C. and Grant Number NA05 NOS 4781194 from the U.S. Department of Commerce (DoC, NOAA, ECOHAB programme), through UNCCH. The findings, opinions and recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the DoC. We thank Cliff Ross and Sherry Reed, Smithsonian Marine Station; and Ken Banks, Broward County Environment Protection Department, Fort Lauderdale, for their assistance with collections of cyanobacteria. We thank Dennis Hanisak at Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute for supply of Gracilaria tikvahiae; Paula Mikkelson, at Paleontological Research Institution, Ithaca, NY for verifying the cephalaspidean used in the Belizean palatability assay as an undescribed species; Darryl Felder, University of Louisiana at Lafayette for identification of the crab species used in the assays. This is contribution 1009 of the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce and contribution 980 of the CCRE programme. [SS] NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 EI 1879-1697 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 474 BP 100 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2015.09.008 PG 9 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CZ0AU UT WOS:000366768300014 ER PT J AU Wohner, PJN Cooper, RJ Greenberg, RS Schweitzer, SH AF Wohner, Patti J. Newell Cooper, Robert J. Greenberg, Russell S. Schweitzer, Sara H. TI Weather affects diet composition of rusty blackbirds wintering in suburban landscapes SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE acorn; diet isotope; Euphagus carolinus; invertebrates; Oligochaeta; pecan; rusty blackbird; SIAR; southeastern United States; wintering ID STABLE-ISOTOPES; MODEL SELECTION; UNITED-STATES; NITROGEN; ECOLOGY; BLOOD; FRACTIONATION; EARTHWORMS; SONGBIRDS; DECLINES AB The rusty blackbird (Euphagus carolinus) is a species of conservation concern throughout its range and the cause of the species' population decline is unknown. We studied diet composition of rusty blackbirds with stable isotope mixing models in suburban landscapes in the southeastern United States. We captured blackbirds in Georgia and South Carolina from 2009 to 2012, and estimated proportions of earthworm, other animals, pecan, and acorn incorporated into individual diets. On the Piedmont Plateau, terrestrial and aquatic earthworms constituted the largest proportion incorporated into the diet (39%+/- 2.9; mean +/- SD by site and year) and animals other than earthworms (mostly larval invertebrates Odonata and Diptera) constituted 27%+/- 12.9. In contrast, on the Coastal Plain, which featured milder winters than the Piedmont, earthworms constituted a lower proportion (19%+/- 1.2) of incorporated food items and animals other than earthworms comprised 62%+/- 3.3% of the diet. Increased incorporation of earthworms in the diet was related to increased upcoming precipitation and daily maximum temperature. Rusty blackbirds incorporated more tree mast into their diet on the Piedmont Plateau than the Coastal Plain. Increased incorporation of tree mast was related to advancing cold temperature. Mast, including crushed pecans (Carya illinoenensis) and pre-opened small-seeded red oak (Quercus spp.) acorns, is a high-lipid dietary component of blackbirds wintering in colder climates, and is incorporated prior to extreme cold weather. Therefore, planting mast trees, especially lipid-rich pecan, could be used to augment resources in known rusty blackbird wintering hotspots. Maintaining shallowly flooded wetlands with a fluctuating water regime and residential lawns with abundant red oak (Quercus spp.) leaf litter would promote acorn and invertebrate resources including earthworms. (c) 2015 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Wohner, Patti J. Newell; Cooper, Robert J.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Greenberg, Russell S.] Smithsonian Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Schweitzer, Sara H.] North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss, Wildlife Div Program, New Bern, NC 28562 USA. RP Wohner, PJN (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM pjwohner@gmail.com FU USFWS; Georgia Ornithological Society; Carolina Bird Club; Smithsonian Institution; University of Georgia; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) FX We would like to dedicate this paper to the memory of Russ Greenberg who passed away on 24 October 2013. Russ brought the decline of the rusty blackbird to the attention of ornithologists and initiated and organized research efforts throughout the bird's range. We thank C. A. France and T. R. Maddox for help with isotope analysis and preparation. A special thanks to field assistants, S. Hribal, D. Heath, D. Narango, J. Wilcox, and J. Bruce. Other supporters were P. Serridge, P. Doherty, Magnolia Plantation and Gardens, Conestee Foundation, Sandy Creek Nature Center, Greer Fire Department, Lake Cunningham County Park, and numerous private landowners and volunteers who allowed use of their yards and pecan groves for bird capture. Financial support was provided by the USFWS, Georgia Ornithological Society, Carolina Bird Club, Smithsonian Institution, University of Georgia, and Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 80 IS 1 BP 91 EP 100 DI 10.1002/jwmg.984 PG 10 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA CY6OC UT WOS:000366527700010 ER PT J AU He, K Hu, NQ Chen, X Li, JT Jiang, XL AF He, K. Hu, N-Q Chen, X. Li, J-T Jiang, X-L TI Interglacial refugia preserved high genetic diversity of the Chinese mole shrew in the mountains of southwest China SO HEREDITY LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; PHYLOGENETICS; CONSEQUENCES; POLYMORPHISM; QUATERNARY; EVOLUTION; ACCURACY; SOFTWARE; MAMMALIA AB The mountains of southwest China (MSC) harbor extremely high species diversity; however, the mechanism behind this diversity is unknown. We investigated to what degree the topography and climate change shaped the genetic diversity and diversification in these mountains, and we also sought to identify the locations of microrefugia areas in these mountains. For these purposes, we sampled extensively to estimate the intraspecific phylogenetic pattern of the Chinese mole shrew (Anourosorex squamipes) in southwest China throughout its range of distribution. Two mitochondrial genes, namely, cytochrome b (CYT B) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 (ND2), from 383 archived specimens from 43 localities were determined for phylogeographic and demographic analyses. We used the continuous-diffusion phylogeographic model, extensive Bayesian skyline plot species distribution modeling (SDM) and approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) to explore the changes in population size and distribution through time of the species. Two phylogenetic clades were identified, and significantly higher genetic diversity was preserved in the southern subregion of the mountains. The results of the SDM, continuous-diffusion phylogeographic model, extensive Bayesian skyline plot and ABC analyses were congruent and supported that the Last Interglacial Maximum (LIG) was an unfavorable period for the mole shrews because of a high degree of seasonality; A. squamipes survived in isolated interglacial refugia mainly located in the southern subregion during the LIG and rapidly expanded during the last glacial period. These results furnished the first evidence for major Pleistocene interglacial refugia and a latitudinal effect in southwest China, and the results shedding light on the higher level of species richness in the southern subregion. C1 [He, K.; Hu, N-Q; Jiang, X-L] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Zool, State Key Lab Genet Resources & Evolut, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [He, K.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Hu, N-Q] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Chen, X.] CUNY, CUNY Coll Staten Isl, Dept Biol, New York, NY USA. [Chen, X.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Li, J-T] Chinese Acad Sci, Chengdu Inst Biol, Chengdu, Peoples R China. RP Jiang, XL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Zool, State Key Lab Genet Resources & Evolut, 32 Jiaochangdonglu, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, Peoples R China. EM Jiangxl@mail.kiz.ac.cn OI He, Kai/0000-0002-6234-2589 FU Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [KJZD-EW-L07]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31301869] FX We appreciate the constructive comments and suggestions from the two anonymous reviewers. We thank Dr Shaoying Liu, Dr Shunde Chen and Dr Qingyong Ni for providing us samples from Sichuan. We also thank Dr Filip Bielejec for providing us the newest version of SPREAD, Dr Philippe Lemey and Dr Arley Camargo for providing code for constructing dispersal rate through time plot and Dr Youbin Sun and Mr Peter Shum for their very useful discussions. We are grateful to Dr Shouli Yuan for many constructive discussions. This paper is modified from Chapter 6 of the PhD thesis of KH. The study is supported by the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KJZD-EW-L07) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31301869). NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 29 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0018-067X EI 1365-2540 J9 HEREDITY JI Heredity PD JAN PY 2016 VL 116 IS 1 BP 23 EP 32 DI 10.1038/hdy.2015.62 PG 10 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CY3AR UT WOS:000366280700003 PM 26286667 ER PT J AU Brooke, JSA Bernath, PF Western, CM Sneden, C Afsar, M Li, G Gordon, IE AF Brooke, James S. A. Bernath, Peter F. Western, Colin M. Sneden, Christopher Afsar, Melike Li, Gang Gordon, Iouli E. TI Line strengths of rovibrational and rotational transitions in the X-2 Pi ground state of OH SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE OH hydroxyl radical; Line intensities; Einstein A values; Dipole moment function; Meinel system; Line lists ID DIPOLE-MOMENT FUNCTION; B-2-SIGMA(+)-X-2-SIGMA(+) VIOLET SYSTEMS; SIZE-EXTENSIVE MODIFICATION; VIBRATIONALLY EXCITED OH; BEAM ELECTRIC RESONANCE; SOLAR OXYGEN ABUNDANCE; METAL-POOR STARS; MICROWAVE-SPECTRUM; DIATOMIC-MOLECULES; A(2)PI-X-2-SIGMA(+) RED AB A new line list including positions and absolute transition strengths (in the form of Einstein A values and oscillator strengths) has been produced for the OH ground X-2 Pi state rovibrational (Meinel system) and pure rotational transitions. All possible transitions are included with v' and v '' up to 13, and J up to between 9.5 and 59.5, depending on the band. An updated fit to determine molecular constants has been performed, which includes some new rotational data and a simultaneous fitting of all molecular constants. The absolute transition strengths are based on a new dipole moment function, which is a combination of two high level ab initio calculations. The calculations show good agreement with an experimental v = 1 lifetime, experimental mu(v) values, and Delta v =2 line intensity ratios from an observed spectrum. To achieve this good agreement, an alteration in the method of converting matrix elements from Hund's case (b) to (a) was made. Partitions sums have been calculated using the new energy levels, for the temperature range 5-6000 K, which extends the previously available (in HITRAN) 70-3000 K range. The resulting absolute transition strengths have been used to calculate 0 abundances in the Sun, Arcturus, and two red giants in the Galactic open and globular clusters M67 and M71. Literature data based mainly on [O I] lines are available for the Sun and Arcturus, and excellent agreement is found. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Brooke, James S. A.; Bernath, Peter F.] Univ York, Dept Chem, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Bernath, Peter F.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Western, Colin M.] Univ Bristol, Sch Chem, Bristol BS8 1TS, Avon, England. [Sneden, Christopher] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Afsar, Melike] Ege Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, TR-35100 Izmir, Turkey. [Li, Gang; Gordon, Iouli E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Brooke, JSA (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Chem, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. EM jsabrooke@gmail.com RI Bernath, Peter/B-6567-2012 OI Bernath, Peter/0000-0002-1255-396X FU Department of Chemistry (University of York); NASA Origins of Solar Systems program; Turkish Scientific and Technological Research Council (TUBITAK) [1121929]; Research Project Grant from the Leverhulme Trust FX Support for this work was provided by a Research Project Grant from the Leverhulme Trust and the Department of Chemistry (University of York) studentship. Some support was also provided by the NASA Origins of Solar Systems program. M.A. was supported by the Turkish Scientific and Technological Research Council (TUBITAK, Project 1121929). We are grateful to Gail Zasowski for assistance with the APOGEE database. Thanks also go to Jeremy J. Harrison for helpful discussions about the transformation equation. NR 106 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 EI 1879-1352 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 168 BP 142 EP 157 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2015.07.021 PG 16 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA CX9EE UT WOS:000366007000012 ER PT J AU Wilzewski, JS Gordon, IE Kochanov, RV Hill, C Rothman, LS AF Wilzewski, Jonas S. Gordon, Iouli E. Kochanov, Roman V. Hill, Christian Rothman, Laurence S. TI H-2, He, and CO2 line-broadening coefficients, pressure shifts and temperature-dependence exponents for the HITRAN database. Part 1: SO2, NH3, HF, HCl, OCS and C2H2 SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article DE HITRAN database; Pressure broadening; Pressure shift; Temperature-dependence; Planetary atmospheres ID DIODE-LASER SPECTROSCOPY; PLANETARY ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURES; MOLECULAR QUADRUPOLE-MOMENTS; CROSS-RELAXATION RATES; FOREIGN-GAS PRESSURE; 1ST OVERTONE BAND; NU(4) BAND; FUNDAMENTAL-BAND; HALF-WIDTHS; H-2-BROADENING COEFFICIENTS AB To increase the potential for use of the HITRAN database in astronomy, experimental and theoretical line-broadening coefficients, line shifts and temperature-dependence exponents of molecules of planetary interest broadened by H-2, He, and CO2 have been assembled from available peer-reviewed sources. The collected data were used to create semi-empirical models so that every HITRAN line of the studied molecules has corresponding parameters. Since H-2 and He are major constituents in the atmospheres of gas giants, and CO2 predominates in atmospheres of some rocky planets with volcanic activity, these spectroscopic data are important for remote sensing studies of planetary atmospheres. In this paper we make the first step in assembling complete sets of these parameters, thereby creating datasets for SO2, NH3, HF, HCl, OCS and C2H2. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wilzewski, Jonas S.; Gordon, Iouli E.; Kochanov, Roman V.; Hill, Christian; Rothman, Laurence S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Wilzewski, Jonas S.] Tech Univ Dresden, Dept Phys, D-01062 Dresden, Germany. [Wilzewski, Jonas S.] Harvard Astron Dept, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kochanov, Roman V.] Tomsk State Univ, Lab Quantum Mech Mol & Radiat Proc, Tomsk 634050, Russia. [Hill, Christian] UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. RP Gordon, IE (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Atom & Mol Phys Div, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM IGordon@cfa.harvard.edu RI Wilzewski, Jonas/M-7985-2016; Kochanov, Roman/E-8679-2014; OI Wilzewski, Jonas/0000-0002-1392-2966; Kochanov, Roman/0000-0001-5165-5099; Rothman, Laurence/0000-0002-3837-4847; Gordon, Iouli/0000-0003-4763-2841 FU NASA Planetary Atmospheres Grant [NNX13AI59G]; German-American Fulbright Commission FX Support from NASA Planetary Atmospheres Grant NNX13AI59G and the German-American Fulbright Commission is gratefully acknowledged. We are also indebted to L.R. Brown for providing unpublished computer programs and data files of OCS and NH3 that are currently being used by astronomers. We also thank F. Thibault for his advice on the generation of the C2H2 datasets. Further, we thank L.M. Eng and M.H. Soffel for supporting part of this project as Wilzewski's Bachelor's thesis. Many thanks to Mary Ann Smith (NASA) for providing data from Ref. [71]. We would like to thank P. Wcislo for his feedback in the development of HAPI and for reviewing the functions used in the calculation of the absorption coefficients in Fig. 1. Finally, we are thanks to Lorenzo Barrett for the help with uploading the new parameters into HITRANonline. NR 129 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 EI 1879-1352 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 168 BP 193 EP 206 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2015.09.003 PG 14 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA CX9EE UT WOS:000366007000016 ER PT J AU Field, AR Testo, W Bostock, PD Holtum, JAM Waycott, M AF Field, Ashley R. Testo, Weston Bostock, Peter D. Holtum, Joseph A. M. Waycott, Michelle TI Molecular phylogenetics and the morphology of the Lycopodiaceae subfamily Huperzioideae supports three genera: Huperzia, Phlegmariurus and Phylloglossum SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Lycopodiaceae; Phlegmariurus; Phylloglossum; Huperzia; Tassel-fern; Club-moss ID NEOTROPICAL LYCOPODIACEAE; AUSTRALASIAN HUPERZIA; RBCL SEQUENCES; SENSU-LATO; GAMETOPHYTE; CLASSIFICATION; COMBINATIONS; DRUMMONDII; FERNS; DIVERSIFICATION AB The generic classification of huperzioid Lycopodiaceae was tested using Bayesian inference and Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from four chloroplast loci for 119 taxa and optimisation of 29 morphological characteristics onto the phylogeny. Consistent with previous studies, the subfamilies Lycopodioideae and Huperzioideae are monophyletic and diagnosable by synapomorphies that correlate with differences in their life-histories. Within the Huperzioideae, the monophyly of the widely adopted genus Huperzia (excl. Phylloglossum) is poorly supported. Three clades of huperzioid Lycopodiaceae were recovered in all analyses of molecular data: Phylloglossum drummondii, Huperzia sensu stricto and Phlegmariurus sensu la to. These clades are strongly supported by morphological characters, including differences in spores, gametophytes, sporophyte macro-morphology, as well as growth habit and life-histories. Our findings indicate that either a one-genus (Huperzia s.l.) or a three-genus (Phylloglossum, Huperzia s.s. and Phlegrnariurus s.l.) classification of huperzioid Lycopods are equally supported by molecular evidence, but a two-genus system (Huperzia s.l. + Phylloglossum) is not. We recommend recognising three genera in the huperzioid Lycopodiaceae, as this classification best reflects evolutionary, ecological, and morphological divergence within the lineage. Crown Copyright (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Field, Ashley R.] Australian Trop Herbarium, Cairns, Qld 4878, Australia. [Field, Ashley R.; Bostock, Peter D.] Queensland Herbarium, Dept Sci Informat Technol & Innovat, Toowong, Qld 4066, Australia. [Field, Ashley R.; Holtum, Joseph A. M.; Waycott, Michelle] James Cook Univ, Coll Marine & Environm Sci, Douglas, Qld 4811, Australia. [Testo, Weston] Univ Vermont, Dept Plant Biol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Holtum, Joseph A. M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Anton, Panama. [Waycott, Michelle] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. [Waycott, Michelle] State Herbarium South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. RP Field, AR (reprint author), Australian Trop Herbarium, POB 6811, Cairns, Qld 4878, Australia. EM ashley.field@jcu.edu.au FU Queensland Government Growing the Smart State PhD Funding Program; James Cook University School of Marine and Tropical Biology teaching stipend; Australian Biological Resource Study National Taxonomy Research Grant FX This research was supported by the Queensland Government Growing the Smart State PhD Funding Program, a James Cook University School of Marine and Tropical Biology teaching stipend and an Australian Biological Resource Study National Taxonomy Research Grant. Thank you to Holly Field and the Field, Kupke, Rawlins and Wilkinson families for assisting to maintain the living lycopod collection and to all field collectors and photographers of samples used in this study. NR 91 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 25 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 94 BP 635 EP 657 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.09.024 PN B PG 23 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CY5JG UT WOS:000366443300016 PM 26493224 ER PT J AU Liu, J May-Collado, LJ Pekar, S Agnarsson, I AF Liu, Jie May-Collado, Laura J. Pekar, Stano Agnarsson, Ingi TI A revised and dated phylogeny of cobweb spiders (Araneae, Araneoidea, Theridiidae): A predatory Cretaceous lineage diversifying in the era of the ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Cobweb spiders; Ants; Abundance; Formicidae; Ant hypothesis; Predator and prey; Molecular dating; Fossils ID ORB-WEAVING SPIDERS; BLACK-WIDOW SPIDER; TETRAGNATHA-LABORIOSA ARANEAE; IMPORTED FIRE ANT; SOCIAL SPIDER; PREY CAPTURE; KLEPTOPARASITIC SPIDER; SEXUAL CANNIBALISM; ANELOSIMUS-EXIMIUS; SPECIES RICHNESS AB Cobweb spiders (Theridiidae) are highly diverse from the perspective of species richness, morphological diversity, variety of web architecture, and behavioral repertoires. The family includes over 50% of social spiders, a behavioral rarity among the order, and members of the family are furthermore the subject of research on venom, silk biomechanics, kleptoparasitism and web building, among other traits. Theridiidae is one of the most abundant groups of spiders, and thus key insect predators in many different ecosystems and is among relatively few spider families that show high degree of myrmecophagy. Modern comparative studies on all these fronts are best buttressed on a phylogenetic foundation. Our goal here is to offer a revised, dated, phylogenetic hypothesis for the family by summarizing previously published data from multiple molecular and morphological studies through data-mining, and adding novel data from several genera. We also test the hypothesis that the origin and diversification of cobweb spiders coincides with that of ants on which many species specialize as prey. The new phylogeny is largely congruent with prior studies and current taxonomy and should provide a useful tool for theridiid classification and for comparative analyses. Nevertheless, we also highlight the limitations of currently available data the state of the art in Theridiidae phylogenetics offering weak support for most of the deeper nodes in the phylogeny. Thus the need is clear for modern phylogenomic approaches to obtain a more solid understanding, especially of relationships among subfamilies. We recover the monophyly of currently recognized theridiid subfamilies with the exception of some enigmatic 'pholcommatines' (Styposis, Phoroncidia) and putative 'hadrotarsines' (Audifia, Tekellina) whose placement is uncertain in our analyses. Theridiidae dates back some 100 mya to the Cretaceous, a period of diversification in flowering plants and many groups of insects, including ants. The origin of cobweb spiders, and hence the cobweb-a speciallized trap for pedestrian prey-coincides with a major diversification shift in ants. The family becomes abundant in fossil record 50-40 mya as ants also diversify and reach dominance and contemporary patterns of abundances of theridiids and ants show the same trends, with increasing relative abundance towards the equator and at lower altitudes. We find that among orbiculariae, lineages that specialize on ant prey are non-randomly clustered within Theridiidae. Given these findings we hypothesize that the origin of the gumfoot web was a stepping stone that facilitated the capture of ants and resulted in specialized myrmecophagy in a number of 'basal' theridiids. We also document a subsequent loss in myrmecophagy, and associated increase in speciation rates, as 'recent' theridiid groups evolve diverse web forms and many return to the capture of aerial prey. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Jie; May-Collado, Laura J.; Agnarsson, Ingi] Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Liu, Jie] Hubei Univ, Hubei Collaborat Innovat Ctr Green Transformat Bi, Ctr Behav Ecol & Evolut, Coll Life Sci, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Pekar, Stano] Masaryk Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Bot & Zool, CS-61137 Brno, Czech Republic. [Agnarsson, Ingi] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Agnarsson, I (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. EM iagnarsson@gmail.com OI Pekar, Stano/0000-0002-0197-5040 FU UVM; NSF [DEB-349205-1050187-1050253]; Wuhan Youth Chenguang Programe of Science and Technology [2015070404010188]; [NSFC-31272268] FX We thank Niclas Fritzen, Paula Cushing, Michael Hohner and berg Wunderlich for sending us specimens. Giselle Veve assisted with laboratory work. Thanks to Miguel Arnedo and two anonymous reviewers for comments that helped improve the manuscript. Funding for this research comes, in part, from UVM and NSF DEB-349205-1050187-1050253 to IA and G. Binford. Additional support came from NSFC-31272268 and the Wuhan Youth Chenguang Programe of Science and Technology (2015070404010188) to J. Liu. NR 232 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 10 U2 44 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 94 BP 658 EP 675 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.09.023 PN B PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CY5JG UT WOS:000366443300017 PM 26454029 ER PT J AU Hawkins, MTR Helgen, KM Maldonado, JE Rockwood, LL Tsuchiya, MTN Leonard, JA AF Hawkins, Melissa T. R. Helgen, Kristofer M. Maldonado, Jesus E. Rockwood, Larry L. Tsuchiya, Mirian T. N. Leonard, Jennifer A. TI Phylogeny, biogeography and systematic revision of plain long-nosed squirrels (genus Dremomys, Nannosciurinae) SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Convergent evolution; Sciuridae; Biogeography; Sundaland; Morphology; Molecular phylogeny ID MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION; SKULL MORPHOLOGY; ENDEMIC RODENTS; RAIN-FORESTS; SEQUENCES; NUCLEAR; EVOLUTIONARY; MYC AB The plain long-nosed squirrels, genus Dremomys, are high elevation species in East and Southeast Asia. Here we present a complete molecular phylogeny for the genus based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Concatenated mitochondrial and nuclear gene trees were constructed to determine the tree topology, and date the tree. All speciation events within the plain-long nosed squirrels (genus Dremomys) were ancient (dated to the Pliocene or Miocene), and averaged older than many speciation events in the related Sunda squirrels, genus Sundasciurus. Within the plain long-nosed squirrels, the most recent interspecific split occurred 2.9 million years ago, older than some splits within Sunda squirrels, which dated to the Pleistocene. Our results demonstrate that the plain long-nosed squirrels are not monophyletic. The single species with a distinct distribution, the Bornean mountain ground squirrel (Dremomys everetti), which is endemic to the high mountains of Borneo, is nested within the Sunda squirrels with high support. This species diverged from its sister taxa in the Sunda squirrels 6.62 million years ago, and other plain long-nosed squirrels over 11 million years ago. Our analyses of morphological traits in these related genera support the re-classification of the Bornean mountain ground squirrel, Dremomys everetti, to the genus Sundasciurus, which changes its name to Sundasciurus everetti. Past inclusion in the plain long-nosed squirrels (Dremomys) reflects convergent evolution between these high elevation species. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Hawkins, Melissa T. R.; Maldonado, Jesus E.; Tsuchiya, Mirian T. N.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Hawkins, Melissa T. R.; Helgen, Kristofer M.; Maldonado, Jesus E.; Tsuchiya, Mirian T. N.] Smithsonian Inst, Div Mammals, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Hawkins, Melissa T. R.; Leonard, Jennifer A.] CSIC, Estn Biol Donana, Conservat & Evolutionary Genet Grp, Seville 41092, Spain. [Hawkins, Melissa T. R.; Tsuchiya, Mirian T. N.] George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Rockwood, Larry L.] George Mason Univ, Dept Biol, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Hawkins, MTR (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Evolutionary Genet, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM robertsmt@si.edu RI CSIC, EBD Donana/C-4157-2011; Leonard, Jennifer/A-7894-2010 OI CSIC, EBD Donana/0000-0003-4318-6602; Leonard, Jennifer/0000-0003-0291-7819 FU Spanish Government [CGL2010-21524)] FX The authors thank Richard Thorington, Jr. and Larry Heaney for guidance, advice, and tissue samples. The field samples collected for this study would not have been possible without the help of Maklarin Lakim, Fred Tuh Yit Yuh, Paul Yambun, and Justin Sator (Sabah Parks, Sabah, Malaysia). The field expedition would not have been successful without the help of the field crew: Miguel Camacho Sanchez, Lyndon R. Hawkins, Flavia Porto Peter, Manuel Lopez Rivera, Francisco Alberto Carro Marino, and the incredible Malaysian staff-Yana Melody, Stephany Disna Ahyu, Foziah Ann, Ipe and Azly and all the porters who made this trip possible. We also extend gratitude to Louise Emmons, Han Kwai and Konstans Wells for the pre-expedition advice. Rose Ragai deserves special recognition for tremendous field assistance and serving as a translator. David Aragones from the GIS and Remote Sensing Laboratory (LAST-EBD) of the Doriana Biological Station, CSIC made the map. Megan Krol drew the auditory bulla illustrations. Eliecer Gutierrez and E. Grace Veatch assisted with generating the PCA, and associated R scripts. Dean Adams provided guidance for using geomorph for the PTA. C. Miguel Pinto and Richard Ree assisted with the Lagrange ancestral range reconstruction. Lyndon Hawkins provided the photograph from Mount Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. Tabitha Viner and the National Zoological Park (Smithsonian Institution), Department of Pathology provided several zoo tissue samples. Tissues were also obtained from Linda Gordon, the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., USA; Bill Stanley, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago; Chris Conroy, Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, Berkeley, USA; Paula Jenkins, Natural History Museum, London, U.K.; Burton Lim, Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Canada; and Robert Palmer Australian National Wildlife Collection (CSIRO), Canberra, Australia. Logistical support was provided by the Center for Conservation and Evolutionary Genetics, National Zoological Park, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA, and gratitude is extended to Robert Fleischer, Nancy Rotzel McInerney. Funding was provided by the Spanish Government (CGL2010-21524). Two anonymous reviewers and the associate editor provided comments that greatly improved the quality of this manuscript. NR 79 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 27 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 94 BP 752 EP 764 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.023 PN B PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CY5JG UT WOS:000366443300025 PM 26524259 ER PT J AU Sues, HD Averianov, A AF Sues, Hans-Dieter Averianov, Alexander TI Ornithomimidae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Bissekty Formation (Upper Cretaceous: Turonian) of Uzbekistan SO CRETACEOUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Dinosauria; Theropoda; Omithomimidae; Cretaceous; Uzbekistan ID OSTRICH DINOSAURS; GIANT ORNITHOMIMOSAUR; MONGOLIA; CHINA; STRUTHIOMIMUS; SAURISCHIA; BARSBOLD; REMAINS; CANADA AB The stratigraphically oldest remains of omithomimid theropod dinosaurs are known from the Cenomanian Khodzhakul Formation and the Turonian Bissekty Formation of Uzbekistan. The ornithomimid from the Bissekty Formation is documented by more than 800 isolated bones that represent much of the skeleton. It shows at least three unambiguous synapomorphies of Ornithomimidae: length of anterior cervical centra three to five times greater than transverse width; low and rounded fibular crest of tibia; metatarsal III pinched between. metatarsals II and IV; and proximal end of metatarsal III not visible in anterior view. Phylogenetic analysis, based on a dataset with 568 morphological characters and including all known omithomimosaurian taxa, places the omithomimid from the Bissekty Formation near the base of the omithomimid radiation, between Archaeornithomimus asiaticus and Sinornithomimus dongi. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sues, Hans-Dieter] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Averianov, Alexander] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Zool, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. [Averianov, Alexander] St Petersburg State Univ, Geol Fac, Dept Sedimentary Geol, St Petersburg 199178, Russia. RP Sues, HD (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 121,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM suesh@si.edu; dzharakuduk@mail.ru RI Averianov, Alexander/M-8490-2013 OI Averianov, Alexander/0000-0001-5948-0799 FU National Science Foundation [EAR-9804771, EAR-0207004]; National Geographic Society [5901-97, 6281-98]; Navoi Mining and Metallurgy Combinat; Russian Scientific Fund [14-14-00015] FX Fieldwork in Uzbekistan was facilitated by and conducted in cooperation with the Zoological Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, particularly D.A. Azimov and Y.A. Chikin. For their efforts in the field, scientific expertise, and camaraderie, we thank A.V. Abramov, J.D. Archibald, G.O. Cherepanov, I.G. Danilov, S. Dominguez, C. King, N. Morris, C.M. Redman, A.S. Resvyi, C. Skrabec, P.P. Skutschas, E.V. Syromyatnikova, and D.J. Ward. We are indebted to N.R. Longrich, Editor E. Koutsoukos, and E.B. Sues for helpful comments on a draft of the manuscript. The field work in 1997-2006 was funded by the National Science Foundation (EAR-9804771 and EAR-0207004 to J.D. Archibald and H.-D. Sues), the National Geographic Society (5901-97 and 6281-98 to J.D. Archibald and H.-D. Sues), and the Navoi Mining and Metallurgy Combinat. The laboratory research by AA is supported by the Russian Scientific Fund (14-14-00015). NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6671 EI 1095-998X J9 CRETACEOUS RES JI Cretac. Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 57 BP 90 EP 110 DI 10.1016/j.cretres.2015.07.012 PG 21 WC Geology; Paleontology SC Geology; Paleontology GA CW5SA UT WOS:000365055700009 ER PT J AU Fastovsky, DE Bercovici, A AF Fastovsky, David E. Bercovici, Antoine TI The Hell Creek Formation and its contribution to the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction: A short primer SO CRETACEOUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Hell Creek Formation (HCF); Maastrichtian; Mass extinction; Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary; Dinosaurs; Paleoenvironment ID K-T-BOUNDARY; SOUTHWESTERN NORTH-DAKOTA; PERMIAN MASS-EXTINCTION; FLOOD-BASALT ERUPTIONS; PLANT FOSSIL RECORD; TERTIARY BOUNDARY; EASTERN MONTANA; NEW-MEXICO; NORTHEASTERN MONTANA; DINOSAUR EXTINCTION AB Although it represents but one geographic data point, the uppermost Maastrichtian Hell Creek Formation (HCF), exposed in the upper Great Plains of the North American craton, remains the most studied source for understanding the final similar to 1.5 Myr of the Mesozoic Era in the terrestrial realm. Because it lies conformably below the earliest Paleocene Fort Union Formation, and together these two units preserve a rich fauna and flora, much of what is understood about the terrestrial Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary comes from this sequence. The HCF has been reconstructed as an expansive, fluvially drained, low coastal plain, built out, to the west, against the Laramide Orogen, and to the east, against the ultimate transgression (Cannonball) of the Western Interior Sea. Its meandering rivers and moist soils supported a multi-tiered angiosperm-dominated flora and rich insect and vertebrate faunas, including dinosaurs, crocodilians, squamates, turtles, and mammals. A dramatic fades change representing the initiation of catastrophic flooding is preserved, within available levels precision, at the K-Pg boundary. High-precision stratigraphy has proven difficult in this lenticular fluvial system. Where present, the boundary can be recognized by the bipartite boundary claystone; otherwise, palynostratigraphy has proven a powerful tool. Numerical dates have been successfully obtained from in tonsteins at the boundary and above, in the Fort Union; however, these have proven elusive below the boundary within the HCF. The K-Pg boundary in this region is dated at 66.043 Ma (Renne et al., 2013). Magnetostrati-graphic studies have been carried out in the HCF; although all but one have lacked numerical dates, these have been used for correlations of widespread, disjunct exposures and for the estimation of sedimentation rates. The palynoflora is largely homogenous through the HCF; at the K-Pg boundary, it shows an abrupt similar to 30% extinction. This makes it a powerful tool for identification of the K-Pg boundary, although because the boundary is identified on absence of Cretaceous taxa rather than presence of earliest Paleocene taxa, several competing methods have been applied to identifying the K-Pg boundary using pollen. The macroflora, consisting largely of leaves, consists of three successive floras, showing increasing diversity through the HCF. The ultimate of these three floras undergoes an abrupt 57% extinction; taken as a whole, however, the macroflora undergoes a 78% extinction at the K-Pg boundary. The best data available for dinosaurs - including archaic Ayes - show an abrupt extinction. By contrast, salamanders and other lissamphibians, as well as chelonians, cross the boundary virtually without perturbation. Squamates appear to have suffered significant extinctions at the K-Pg boundary, as did euselachians (elasmobranchs) and insects. Mammals suffered a 75% extinction; however, some of this figure cannot be shown to have occurred in less than the last 500 kyr of the Cretaceous, and thus has been potentially attributable to causes other than a bolide impact. Taken together, the survivorship patterns are concordant with the catastrophic inception of ubiquitous flooding characterizing the K-Pg boundary. While the key K-Pg boundary question in the HCF was once the rate of the biotic extinction, it has moved to the distinction between single-cause scenarios, with the Chicxulub bolide as agent of extinction, and multi-cause scenarios, uniting habitat partitioning, Deccan flood-basalt volcanism, climate change, competition, and bolide impact. Not every potential environmental perturbation need be a mechanism for the extinction: parsimony and the data continue to be concordant with a bolide impact as the single agent of the terrestrial K-Pg mass extinction. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fastovsky, David E.] Univ Vienna, Dept Lithospharenforsch, UZA 2, Vienna, Austria. [Fastovsky, David E.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Geosci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Bercovici, Antoine] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol MRC 121, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Fastovsky, DE (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Geosci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. EM defastov@uri.edu FU Austrian-American Education Commission; Department fur Lithospharenforschung at the University of Vienna (Austria); Department of Geosciences, University of Rhode Island (USA); Deep Time Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship from the NMNH Smithsonian Institution FX David E. Fastovsky gratefully acknowledges the support of the Austrian-American Education Commission (through a Fulbright Scholarship), the Department fur Lithospharenforschung at the University of Vienna (Austria), and the Department of Geosciences, University of Rhode Island (USA). Antoine Bercovici is currently supported by a Deep Time Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship from the NMNH Smithsonian Institution. We are thankful to Dean A. Pearson (Pioneer Trails Regional Museum, Bowman, ND), and to Tyler R. Lyson (Marmarth Research Foundation), for logistical support and assistance in the field. We are particularly grateful to the conveners of the September, 2014 Tremp (Spain) conference for both that event and for giving us the opportunity to contribute to this volume. Finally, our manuscript was aided significantly by the thoughtful, detailed reviews of Eric Buffetaut and Stephen Brusatte. NR 224 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 46 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6671 EI 1095-998X J9 CRETACEOUS RES JI Cretac. Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 57 BP 368 EP 390 DI 10.1016/j.cretres.2015.07.007 PG 23 WC Geology; Paleontology SC Geology; Paleontology GA CW5SA UT WOS:000365055700031 ER PT J AU Jenks, KE Aikens, EO Songsasen, N Calabrese, J Fleming, C Bhumpakphan, N Wanghongsa, S Kanchanasaka, B Songer, M Leimgruber, P AF Jenks, Kate E. Aikens, Ellen O. Songsasen, Nucharin Calabrese, Justin Fleming, Chris Bhumpakphan, Naris Wanghongsa, Sawai Kanchanasaka, Budsabong Songer, Melissa Leimgruber, Peter TI Comparative movement analysis for a sympatric dhole and golden jackal in a human-dominated landscape SO RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Animal movement; Canids; daily activity; K-means cluster analysis; local convex hull; semi-variograms ID CUON-ALPINUS CANIDAE; HOME RANGES; SPACE-USE; UTILIZATION DISTRIBUTIONS; SPATIAL ECOLOGY; NATIONAL-PARK; AUREUS; INDIA; RADIOTELEMETRY; POPULATION AB GPS tracking enables the collection of large quantities of data on animal movements which can help guide conservation efforts. Using movement data from a dhole (Cuon alpinus) and a golden jackal (Canis aureus), we demonstrate the efficacy of movement analysis techniques to explore and contrast the movement patterns of these two individuals. The jackal used a 151 km(2) local convex hull home ranged covering mostly agricultural lands during the monitoring period, but the dhole restricted its movements to protected forest and a home range size of 33 km2. Autocorrelation functions demonstrated consistent nocturnal activity for the jackal and diurnal activity for the dhole. K-means cluster analysis of step lengths and turning angles along with semi-variograms showed that the jackal utilised larger areas and traveled longer distances than the dhole. By combining a comparative approach with simple movement analysis techniques, insights into the space use strategies of canids can be gained in order to enhance our ability to develop effective conservation strategies for these largely persecuted species. C1 [Jenks, Kate E.; Aikens, Ellen O.; Songsasen, Nucharin; Calabrese, Justin; Fleming, Chris; Songer, Melissa; Leimgruber, Peter] Conservat Ecol Ctr, Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Jenks, Kate E.] Minnesota Zoo, Apple Valley, MN 55124 USA. [Fleming, Chris] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Bhumpakphan, Naris] Kasetsart Univ, Dept Forest Biol, Bangkok, Thailand. [Wanghongsa, Sawai; Kanchanasaka, Budsabong] Thailand Dept Natl Pk Wildlife & Plant Conservat, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Jenks, KE (reprint author), Conservat Ecol Ctr, Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. EM kate.jenks@state.mn.us RI Calabrese, Justin/B-9131-2012; Leimgruber, Peter/O-1304-2015 OI Leimgruber, Peter/0000-0002-3682-0153 FU Thailand Department of National Parks, Wildlife, and Plant Conservation; Smithsonian; Association of Zoo and Aquarium's Conservation Endowment Fund; Minnesota Zoo Ulysses S. Seal Conservation Grant; Dickerson Park Zoo FX This study was supported by the Thailand Department of National Parks, Wildlife, and Plant Conservation. We thank S. Panda for his extensive assistance with animal trapping and tracking. L. Padilla, Y. Marnoch, B. Sangkharak, Boripat and the Zoological Park Organization of Thailand provided veterinary assistance. Field work and equipment was funded in part by the Smithsonian, Association of Zoo and Aquarium's Conservation Endowment Fund, and a Minnesota Zoo Ulysses S. Seal Conservation Grant. Additional funding was provided by the Dickerson Park Zoo. We would like to thank the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute's GIS Lab and internship program for supporting Ellen Aikens. Finally, we would like to thank Thomas Mueller for his data analysis advice and four anonymous reviewers for improving the manuscript. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 26 PU NATL UNIV SINGAPORE, SCHOOL BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES PI SINGAPORE PA DEPT ZOOLOGY, KENT RIDGE, SINGAPORE 0511, SINGAPORE SN 0217-2445 J9 RAFFLES B ZOOL JI Raffles Bull. Zool. PD DEC 31 PY 2015 VL 63 BP 546 EP 554 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DD3PC UT WOS:000369833600044 ER PT J AU Acevedo-Rodriguez, P AF Acevedo-Rodriguez, Pedro TI (2407) Proposal to conserve Paullinia thalictrifolia against P. bipinnata (Sapindaceae) SO TAXON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Acevedo-Rodriguez, Pedro] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Acevedo-Rodriguez, P (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM acevedop@si.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC PLANT TAXONOMY-IAPT PI BRATISLAVA PA C/O INST BOTANY, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, SK-845 23 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0040-0262 EI 1996-8175 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD DEC 31 PY 2015 VL 64 IS 6 BP 1330 EP U370 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA DC7YA UT WOS:000369435700029 ER PT J AU Krupnick, GA Schuettpelz, E AF Krupnick, Gary A. Schuettpelz, Eric TI TWELFTH SYMPOSIUM OF THE IOPB SO TAXON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Krupnick, Gary A.; Schuettpelz, Eric] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, NMNH, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Krupnick, GA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, NMNH, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM krupnick@si.edu; schuettpelze@si.edu OI Krupnick, Gary/0000-0002-1357-4826 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT ASSOC PLANT TAXONOMY-IAPT PI BRATISLAVA PA C/O INST BOTANY, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, SK-845 23 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0040-0262 EI 1996-8175 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD DEC 31 PY 2015 VL 64 IS 6 BP 1356 EP 1357 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA DC7YA UT WOS:000369435700045 ER PT J AU Sohn, J Hwang, HS Geller, MJ Diaferio, A Rines, KJ Lee, MG Lee, GH AF Sohn, Jubee Hwang, Ho Seong Geller, Margaret J. Diaferio, Antonaldo Rines, Kenneth J. Lee, Myung Gyoon Lee, Gwang-Ho TI COMPACT GROUPS OF GALAXIES WITH COMPLETE SPECTROSCOPIC REDSHIFTS IN THE LOCAL UNIVERSE SO JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: groups: general; galaxies: interactions; galaxies ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; 6TH DATA RELEASE; RICH CLUSTERS; VIRIAL-THEOREM; MASS PROFILES; SOUTHERN SKY; LOOSE GROUPS; DARK-MATTER; CATALOG; DYNAMICS AB Dynamical analysis of compact groups provides important tests of models of compact group formation and evolution. By compiling 2066 redshifts from FLWO/FAST, from the literature, and from SDSS DR12 in the fields of compact groups in McConnachie et al. (2009), we construct the largest sample of compact groups with complete spectroscopic redshifts in the redshift range 0.01 < z < 0.22. This large redshift sample shows that the interloper fraction in the McConnachie et al. (2009) compact group candidates is similar to 42%. A secure sample of 332 compact groups includes 192 groups with four or more member galaxies and 140 groups with three members. The fraction of early-type galaxies in these compact groups is 62%, higher than for the original Hickson compact groups. The velocity dispersions of early-and late-type galaxies in compact groups change little with groupcentric radius; the radii sampled are less than 100 h(-1) kpc, smaller than the radii typically sampled by members of massive clusters of galaxies. The physical properties of our sample compact groups include size, number density, velocity dispersion, and local environment; these properties slightly differ from those derived for the original Hickson compact groups and for the DPOSS II compact groups. Differences result from subtle differences in the way the group candidates were originally selected. The abundance of the compact groups changes little with redshift over the range covered by this sample. The approximate constancy of the abundance for this sample is a potential constraint on the evolution of compact groups on a few Gigayear timescale. C1 [Sohn, Jubee; Lee, Myung Gyoon; Lee, Gwang-Ho] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul 08826, South Korea. [Hwang, Ho Seong] Korea Inst Adv Study, Sch Phys, Seoul 02455, South Korea. [Sohn, Jubee; Geller, Margaret J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Diaferio, Antonaldo] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Fis, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Diaferio, Antonaldo] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl INFN, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Rines, Kenneth J.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. RP Sohn, J (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Seoul 08826, South Korea. EM jsohn@cfa.harvard.edu FU Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant - Korea Government (MSIP) [2013R1A2A2A05005120]; Global Ph.D. Fellowship Program through an NRF - MEST [20110007215]; Smithsonian Institution; INFN grant In Dark; grant Progetti di Ateneo TO Call of the University of Torino [2012 0011]; Italian Ministry of University and Research; National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant - Korean Government FX We thank the anonymous referee for a very prompt report. We thank Perry Berlind and Michael Calkins, the remote observers at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory, Jessica Mink, who processed the spectroscopic data, and all FAST queue observers who took data for this program. This paper uses data products produced by the OIR Telescope Data Center, supported by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea Government (MSIP) (No.2013R1A2A2A05005120). J.S. was supported by Global Ph.D. Fellowship Program through an NRF funded by the MEST (No. 20110007215). The research of M.J.G. is supported by the Smithsonian Institution. AD acknowledges partial support from the INFN grant In Dark, the grant Progetti di Ateneo TO Call 2012 0011 'Marco Polo' of the University of Torino and the grant PRIN 2012 "Fisica Astroparticellare Teorica" of the Italian Ministry of University and Research. G.H.L. acknowledges the support by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korean Government (NRF-2012-Fostering Core Leaders of the Future Basic Science Program). NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU KOREAN ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY PI TAEJON PA 61-1 HWA-AM DONG, YUSUNG KU, TAEJON, 305-348, SOUTH KOREA SN 1225-4614 J9 J KOREAN ASTRON SOC JI J. Korean Astron. Soc. PD DEC 31 PY 2015 VL 48 IS 6 BP 381 EP 398 DI 10.5303/JKAS.2015.48.6.381 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA0NS UT WOS:000367494900006 ER PT J AU Wilkerson, RC Linton, YM AF Wilkerson, Richard C. Linton, Yvonne-Marie TI Elevation of Pseudoskusea, Rusticoidus and Protomacleaya to valid subgenera in the mosquito genus Aedes based on taxon naming criteria recently applied to other members of the Tribe Aedini (Diptera: Culicidae) SO PARASITES & VECTORS LA English DT Article DE Tribe Aedini; Aedes; Subgenera; Elevation ID LIFE STAGES; MORPHOLOGICAL DATA; CLASSIFICATION; PHYLOGENY; OCHLEROTATUS AB Background: Pseudoskusea, Rusticoidus and Protomacleaya were well-recognized, morphologically distinct subgenera within the genus Aedes prior to a series of taxonomic changes over the past 15 years by Reinert, Harbach and Kitching, when they were recognized as subgenera of the genus Ochlerotatus. In our recent effort to stabilize the Tribe Aedini, we synonymized these subgenera and associated species back into the genus Aedes, but incorrectly assigned them as putative informal groups, instead of reinstating them to subgenera. Conclusion: Here we formally elevate three traditionally recognized subgenera (Pseudoskusea, Rusticoidus and Protomacleaya) within the genus Aedes. C1 [Wilkerson, Richard C.; Linton, Yvonne-Marie] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Linton, Yvonne-Marie] Smithsonian Inst, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Museum Support Ctr, Suitland, MD USA. [Linton, Yvonne-Marie] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Linton, Yvonne-Marie] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Fac Preventat Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Wilkerson, RC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM wilkersonr@si.edu FU National Research Council (NRC) FX We thank Bruce Harrison for careful review of the manuscript and his many helpful comments. This research was performed under a Memorandum of Understanding between the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research and the Smithsonian Institution, with institutional support provided by both organizations. This manuscript was prepared whilst YML held a National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship Award at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. The material to be published reflects the views of the authors and should not be construed to represent those of the U.S. Department of the Army or the U.S. Department of Defense. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-3305 J9 PARASITE VECTOR JI Parasites Vectors PD DEC 30 PY 2015 VL 8 AR 668 DI 10.1186/s13071-015-1247-x PG 4 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA CZ8BY UT WOS:000367326200002 PM 26714624 ER PT J AU Macaluso, DA Aguilar, A Kilcoyne, ALD Red, EC Bilodeau, RC Phaneuf, RA Sterling, NC McLaughlin, BM AF Macaluso, D. A. Aguilar, A. Kilcoyne, A. L. D. Red, E. C. Bilodeau, R. C. Phaneuf, R. A. Sterling, N. C. McLaughlin, B. M. TI Absolute single-photoionization cross sections of Se2+: Experiment and theory SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID NEUTRON-CAPTURE ELEMENTS; ATOMIC DATA; PLANETARY-NEBULAE; ABUNDANCE DETERMINATIONS; IONS; SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITATION; SELENIUM; IMPACT; STATES AB Absolute single-photoionization cross-section measurements for Se2+ ions were performed at the Advanced Light Source at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory using the merged-beams photo-ion technique. Measurements were made at a photon energy resolution of 24 +/- 3 meV in the photon energy range 23.5-42.5 eV, spanning the ground state and low-lying metastable state ionization thresholds. To clearly resolve the resonant structure near the ground-state threshold, high-resolution measurements were made from 30.0 to 31.9 eV at a photon energy resolution of 6.7 +/- 0.7 meV. Numerous resonance features observed in the experimental spectra are assigned and their energies and quantum defects tabulated. The high-resolution cross-section measurements are compared with large-scale, state-of-the-art theoretical cross-section calculations obtained from the Dirac Coulomb R-matrix method. Suitable agreement is obtained over the entire photon energy range investigated. These results are an experimental determination of the absolute photoionization cross section of doubly ionized selenium and include a detailed analysis of the photoionization resonance spectrum of this ion. C1 [Macaluso, D. A.] Univ Montana, Dept Phys & Astron, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Aguilar, A.; Kilcoyne, A. L. D.; Red, E. C.; Bilodeau, R. C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bilodeau, R. C.] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. [Phaneuf, R. A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Sterling, N. C.] Univ West Georgia, Dept Phys, Carrollton, GA 30118 USA. [McLaughlin, B. M.] Queens Univ Belfast, CTAMOP, Sch Math & Phys, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [McLaughlin, B. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Macaluso, DA (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Phys & Astron, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM david.macaluso@umontana.edu; bmclaughlin899@btinternet.com RI Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-AC02-05CH11231, DE-AC03-76SF- 00098, DE-FG02-03ER15424]; Advanced Light Source; Montana Space Grant Consortium; NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship [AST-0901432]; NASA [06-APRA206-0049]; U.S. National Science Foundation under the visitors program; Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Queen's University Belfast, through a visiting research fellowship (VRF); National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Oak Ridge National Laboratory [AC05-00OR22725] FX Support by the Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contracts No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 and No. DE-AC03-76SF- 00098 and Grant No. DE-FG02-03ER15424 is gratefully acknowledged. D.M. acknowledges support from the Doctoral Fellowship in Residence Program at the Advanced Light Source and the Montana Space Grant Consortium. N.C.S. acknowledges support from an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellowship under Award No. AST-0901432 and from NASA Grant No. 06-APRA206-0049. B.M.M. acknowledges support by the U.S. National Science Foundation under the visitors program and through a grant to ITAMP at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Queen's University Belfast, through a visiting research fellowship (VRF). This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, which is supported by the Office of Science of the DOE under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The computational work was performed at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center in Oakland, California, USA, and at The High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (HLRS), University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany. This research also used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the DoE under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD DEC 28 PY 2015 VL 92 IS 6 AR 063424 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.92.063424 PG 11 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA CZ8TD UT WOS:000367371100017 ER PT J AU Ho, HC McCosker, JE Smith, DG Shao, KT AF Ho, Hsuan-Ching McCosker, John E. Smith, David G. Shao, Kwang-Tsao TI Introduction to the systematics and biodiversity of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) of Taiwan SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Pisces; Anguilliformes; systematics; Taiwan ID MORAY EEL; SYNAPHOBRANCHID EEL; SOUTHEASTERN TAIWAN; NORTHEASTERN COAST; SOUTHERN TAIWAN; EASTERN TAIWAN; SNAKE-EEL; MURAENIDAE; OPHICHTHIDAE; GENUS AB The eel fauna (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) of Taiwan is one of the richest in the world. Recent genetic and morphological studies have improved the taxonomic resolution and increased the known diversity of the eels of Taiwan, and the overall diversity is comparable to that of adjacent marine zoogeographic regions with rich biodiversity, such as Australia and the Philippines. In this special issue, we verified the historical records and examined numerous recently collected specimens, and conclude that the eel fauna of Taiwan is represented by 207 species in 75 genera and 14 families, with several undescribed species still likely to be discovered. The Muraenidae (71 species), Ophichthidae (60), Congridae (29) and Synaphobranchidae (17) are the most abundant and species-rich in Taiwanese waters. We add 42 species to the Taiwanese fish fauna, including one new genus and 13 new species. Two further species are newly described, one from the Philippines and one from Indonesia. C1 [Ho, Hsuan-Ching] Nat Museum Marine Biol & Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan. [Ho, Hsuan-Ching] Natl Dong Hwa Univ, Inst Marine Biol, Pingtung, Taiwan. [McCosker, John E.] Calif Acad Sci, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Smith, David G.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Suitland, MD USA. [Shao, Kwang-Tsao] Acad Sinica, Biodivers Res Ctr, Taipei 115, Taiwan. RP Shao, KT (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Biodivers Res Ctr, Taipei 115, Taiwan. EM zoskt@gate.sinica.edu.tw FU National Museum of Marine Biology Aquarium; Ministry of Science and Technology FX This study is supported by the National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium and the Ministry of Science and Technology. We thank the chief editor, Z.-Q Zhang and the Zootaxa team for help in publishing this special issue and Eric Hilton (VIMS) and Wouter Holleman (SAIAB) for offering editorial assistance. We also thank the participants who contributed their study results to this special issue and all reviewers, subscribed or anonymous, who provide critical comments and valuable suggestions for the manuscripts. HCH especially thanks JEM, DGS and Yosuke Hibino (Mie University) for great help in verifying the species, valuable discussions and suggestions, and provided much help when preparing the manuscripts and this special issue. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 24 PY 2015 VL 4060 IS 1 BP 5 EP 18 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CZ4TR UT WOS:000367096100001 PM 26701585 ER PT J AU Tighe, KA Pogonoski, JJ Hibino, Y Ho, HC Nguyen, QV AF Tighe, Kenneth A. Pogonoski, John J. Hibino, Yusuke Ho, Hsuan-Ching Quan Van Nguyen TI Three new species of the genus Chlopsis (Anguilliformes: Chlopsidae) from the Indo-Pacific SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE taxonomy; Pisces; Chlopsis; nanhaiensis; orientalis; sagmacollaris ID XENOCONGRID EEL AB Three new species of false moray eels belonging to the genus Chlopsis, family Chlopsidae, are described and illustrated. Chlopsis sagmacollaris, from Western Australia, is characterized by its distinct color pattern with a unique dark saddle on the nape and paler body pigmentation than all other congeners. Chlopsis nanhaiensis, from Taiwan, has a bicolored body with its dorsal-fin origin behind a vertical through posterior margin of gill opening. These characters are shared with C. apterus, C. bicolor, C. bidentatus and C. orientalis sp. nov., but C. nanhaiensis has fewer total vertebrae than other bicolored species (ca. 120 in C. nanhaiensis vs. 125-140 in other four species). Chlopsis orientalis, from Vietnam, is distinguished from all other congeners except C. bicolor by its simple bicolored body, head length (ca. 10 % of total length), position of dorsal-fin origin (distinctly behind a vertical through posterior margin of gill opening), and counts of preanal and total vertebrae (35 and 135). Although C. orientalis resembles C. bicolor in meristics and morphometrics, it differs in its pigmentation and possession of stouter intermuscular bones. These new species represent the first records of the genus Chlopsis from the northwestern Pacific Ocean and the eastern Indian Ocean. C1 [Tighe, Kenneth A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Museum Support Ctr, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Pogonoski, John J.] Australian Natl Fish Collect, CSIRO Natl Res Collect Australia, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Hibino, Yusuke] Mie Univ, Fisheries Res Lab, Shima, Mie 5170703, Japan. [Ho, Hsuan-Ching] Natl Museum Marine Biol & Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan. [Quan Van Nguyen] Vietnam Acad Sci & Technol, Inst Marine Environm & Resources, Hanoi, Vietnam. RP Tighe, KA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Museum Support Ctr, Dept Vertebrate Zool, MRC 534,4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. EM tighek@si.edu; john.pogonoski@csiro.au; 513d303@m.mie-u.ac.jp; ogcoho@gmail.com; quannv@imer.ac.nv RI Pogonoski, John /E-1710-2017 FU Asian Core Program of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [11640696, 14540642]; Pham The Thu [KC.08.25]; [DC2: 15J02820] FX We would like to thank Martin F. Gomon and Dianne J. Bray (NMV), Alastair Graham (CSIRO), David G. Smith (USNM), and Seishi Kimura (FRLM) for making the specimens of C. sagmacollaris, C. nanhaiensis, and C. orientalis available. We would also like to thank John E. McCosker (CAS), David G. Smith, and Seishi Kimura for reviewing the manuscript. We express our gratitude to Seishi Kimura, Hiroyuki Motomura (KAUM), Keiichi Matsuura and Masanori Nakae (NSMT) for their help at the collecting site of the holotype of C. orientalis, and to Seishi Kimura for his suggestion of the collaborative work. Thanks to Pham The Thu (KC.08.25 project, IMER) for assists with organizing the fieldwork at Nha Trang, Vietnam. This study was supported in part by the Asian Core Program of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (11640696 and 14540642) and Grant-in-Aid for Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Fellows to Y.H. (DC2: 15J02820). NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 24 PY 2015 VL 4060 IS 1 BP 19 EP 29 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CZ4TR UT WOS:000367096100002 PM 26701586 ER PT J AU Ho, HC McCosker, JE Smith, DG AF Ho, Hsuan-Ching McCosker, John E. Smith, David G. TI Renaming of three recently described eels of the genus Neenchelys (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Ophichthidae) from the western Pacific SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article AB In our earlier paper (Ho et al., 2013), we described three new species of the eel genus Neenchelys Bamber, 1915. Unfortunately, the critical step of registering the work in ZooBank was omitted, thus rendering the names unavailable. In this paper, we present abbreviated descriptions of the new species in order to make these names available in accordance with the amended Article 8.5 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. C1 [Ho, Hsuan-Ching] Nat Museum Marine Biol & Aquarium, Pingtung 944, Taiwan. [Ho, Hsuan-Ching] Natl Dong Hwa Univ, Inst Marine Biol, Pingtung 944, Taiwan. [McCosker, John E.] Calif Acad Sci, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Smith, David G.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. RP Ho, HC (reprint author), Nat Museum Marine Biol & Aquarium, Pingtung 944, Taiwan. EM ogcoho@gmail.com NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 24 PY 2015 VL 4060 IS 1 BP 49 EP 51 PG 3 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CZ4TR UT WOS:000367096100005 PM 26701589 ER PT J AU Ho, HC Smith, DG Tighe, KA AF Ho, Hsuan-Ching Smith, David G. Tighe, Kenneth A. TI Review of the arrowtooth eel genera Dysomma and Dysommina in Taiwan, with the description of a new species (Anguilliformes: Synaphobranchidae: Ilyophinae) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Review DE Pisces; Teleostei; taxonomy; Dysomma taiwanensis sp nov.; Taiwan ID NORTHEASTERN COAST AB Species of the synaphobranchid eel genera Dysomma and Dysommina from Taiwan are reviewed. A total of eight species in Dysomma and one species in Dysommina are recognized. A new Dysomma species is described based on four specimens collected from off Taiwan. It differs from its Taiwanese congeners in having 137-139 total vertebrae, pectoral fin well-developed, 2 intermaxillary teeth, 4 compound teeth on vomer, 40-48 total lateral-line pores, the last at about middle of body, and a uniform brownish color. A key to all species in these two genera in Taiwan is provided. C1 [Ho, Hsuan-Ching] Nat Museum Marine Biol & Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan. [Ho, Hsuan-Ching] Natl Dong Hwa Univ, Inst Marine Biol, Pingtung, Taiwan. [Smith, David G.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Suitland, MD USA. [Tighe, Kenneth A.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Ho, HC (reprint author), Nat Museum Marine Biol & Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan. EM ogcoho@gmail.com FU National Museum of Marine Biology Aquarium FX We thank R.-R. Chen (NMMB-P), M. Hoang, J. Fong (CAS), S. Raredon, J. Williams, J. Clayton, D. Pitassy, S. Smith, K. Murphy (USNM), Z. Gabsi, C. Ferrara, R. Causse, P. Pruvost (MNHN) for curatorial assistance. This study is supported by the National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium to HCH. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 24 PY 2015 VL 4060 IS 1 BP 86 EP 104 PG 19 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CZ4TR UT WOS:000367096100010 PM 26701594 ER PT J AU Smith, DG Lin, J Chen, HM Pogonoski, JJ AF Smith, David G. Lin, James Chen, Hong-Ming Pogonoski, John J. TI The eels of the genus Nettenchelys, with description of a new species from Taiwan (Teleostei: Anguilliformes: Nettastomatidae) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE eel; new species; Nettastomatidae Nettenchelys AB The species of the genus Nettenchelys are summarized. Nine species are recognized on the basis of adult specimens: Nettenchelys dionisi Brito, N. erroriensis Karmovskaya, N. exoria Bohlke & Smith, N. gephyra Castle & Smith, N. inion Smith & Bohlke, N. paxtoni Karmovskaya, N. proxima new species, N. pygmaea Smith & Bohlke, and N. taylori Alcock. Another species, N. bellottii (D'Ancona) is based on a larva. Nettenchelys gephyra is redescribed on the basis of additional specimens from northeastern Taiwan, Indonesia and Australia. Nettenchelys proxima new species is described from a specimen from southwestern Taiwan. Nettenchelys sp. reported by Uyeno & Sasaki (1983) is found to be a specimen of Facciolella. Information on larvae is updated based on new knowledge of the genus. C1 [Smith, David G.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, MRC 534, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Lin, James; Chen, Hong-Ming] Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Dept Aquaculture, Keelung 20224, Taiwan. [Chen, Hong-Ming] Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Ctr Excellence Oceans, Keelung 20224, Taiwan. [Pogonoski, John J.] CSIRO, Natl Res Collect Australia, Australian Natl Fish Collect, Hobart, Tas 7000, Australia. RP Smith, DG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, MRC 534, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. EM smithd@si.edu; happy221034@gmail.com; hmchen@mail.ntou.edu.tw; john.pogonoski@csiro.au RI Pogonoski, John /E-1710-2017 FU Center of Excellence for the Oceans FX We thank the following institutions for access to specimens and information: National Museum of Marine Science & Technology (NMMST); Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica (BRCAS); National Museum of Natural History (USNM). We are grateful to Mark McGrouther and Amanda Hay (AMS), Dr. Kwang-Tsao Shao, Pei-Li Lin (ASIZP), Shen-Chih Wang (NMMST), Gento Shinohara (NSMT) and Gavin Dally (NTM) for loaning specimens to us. We also thank our colleagues in the Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, National Taiwan Ocean University, for assistance with measurements and photographs. Valuable comments on the manuscript were provided by Emma Karmovskaya, John McCosker and Kenneth Tighe. These studies were originally supported by the Center of Excellence for the Oceans in National Taiwan Ocean University. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 24 PY 2015 VL 4060 IS 1 BP 105 EP 120 PG 16 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CZ4TR UT WOS:000367096100011 PM 26701595 ER PT J AU Lin, J Smith, DG Shao, KT Chen, HM AF Lin, James Smith, David G. Shao, Kwang-Tsao Chen, Hong-Ming TI Saurenchelys gigas sp nov., a new nettastomatid eel (Teleostei, Anguilliformes, Nettastomatidae) from the western central Pacific SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE new species; taxonomy; Nettastomatidae; large; Pacific AB Some large Saurenchelys specimens collected from Daxi, Yilan, NE Taiwan, and Da Nang, Vietnam, by bottom trawl at depths of 100-200 m, are described as Saurenchelys gigas new species. They differ from all known adult Saurenchelys species by predorsal length 40.9-46.8, head length 36.8-39.3in % of preanal length, 38-40 preanal vertebrae, 63-70 precaudal vertebrae, 38-42 preanal lateral-line pores, 56-63 preanal dorsal fin rays, and larger size (the maximum size 1155 mm TL). C1 [Lin, James; Chen, Hong-Ming] Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Dept Aquaculture, Keelung 20224, Taiwan. [Smith, David G.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Shao, Kwang-Tsao] Acad Sinica, Biodivers Res Ctr, Taipei 115, Taiwan. [Chen, Hong-Ming] Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Ctr Excellence Oceans, Keelung 20224, Taiwan. RP Chen, HM (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Ocean Univ, Dept Aquaculture, 2 Peining Rd, Keelung 20224, Taiwan. EM happy221034@gmail.com; smithd@si.edu; zoskt@gate.sinica.edu.tw; hmchen@mail.ntou.edu.tw FU National Science Council [99-2621-B-001-008-MY3] FX We are grateful to P.-L. Lin (Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taiwan, BRCAS), and H.-C. Ho (Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Taiwan, NMMBA) for kindly lending the specimens to us; C.-H. Chang (BRCAS) for the molecular technical assistance; R. Causse (MNHN) for kindly taking and sharing with us the photograph of the holotype of Saurenchelys taiwanensis (MNHN 1998-0668); and J. Pogonoski (CSIRO, Australia) for providing information on the holotype of Saurenchelys finitima. We also thank our colleagues Y.-Y. Chen, Y.-H. Yang and Y.-C. Chiu in the Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, National Taiwan Ocean University, for their assistance in collections, measurements and photographs. These studies were originally supported by National Science Council "99-2621-B-001-008-MY3" NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 24 PY 2015 VL 4060 IS 1 BP 121 EP 130 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CZ4TR UT WOS:000367096100012 PM 26701596 ER PT J AU Ho, HC Smith, DG Shao, KT AF Ho, Hsuan-Ching Smith, David G. Shao, Kwang-Tsao TI Notes on the congrid eel genus Parabathymyrus from the western Pacific Ocean, with the description of a new species (Pisces: Anguilliformes: Congridae) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Pisces; Teleostei; taxonomy; Parabathymyrus philippinensis sp nov. AB The congrid eel genus Parabathymyrus from the western Pacific Ocean is reviewed and three species are recognized: Parabathymyrus macrophthalmus from Japan, Taiwan, Vietnam and Australia, P. brachyrhynchus from Taiwan, Vietnam, the Philippines, Vanuatu and Solomon Islands, and a new species, P. philippinensis sp. nov., is described based on two specimens collected from the Philippines. These three species can be distinguished from each other by the number of total vertebrae (128-137 in P. macrophthalmus, 162-173 in P. brachyrhynchus and 140-141 in P. philippinensis sp. nov.), preanal vertebrae (39-46, 49-58, and 42), preanal lateral-line pores (36-44, 46-54, and 40-42), total lateral-line pores (121131, 159-169, and 140-141) and supraorbital pores (4, 4 and 3). C1 [Ho, Hsuan-Ching] Natl Museum Marine Biol & Aquarium, Pingtung 944, Taiwan. [Ho, Hsuan-Ching] Natl Dong Hwa Univ, Inst Marine Biol, Pingtung 944, Taiwan. [Smith, David G.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Shao, Kwang-Tsao] Acad Sinica, Biodivers Res Ctr, Taipei 115, Taiwan. RP Ho, HC (reprint author), Natl Museum Marine Biol & Aquarium, 2 Houwan Rd, Pingtung 944, Taiwan. EM ogcoho@gmail.com FU National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium, Taiwan; Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan FX We thank R.-R. Chen (NMMB-P) for curatorial assistance; J. E. McCosker for improving the manuscript; and Y.-C. Liao for providing the fresh color photos of the new species. Data for the Australian specimens were provided by J. Pogonoski (CSIRO), for the Indian specimen by D. Ray (ZSI), and for the Hainan specimen by E. Karmovskaya (IORAS). This project is supported by the National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium, Taiwan and Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 24 PY 2015 VL 4060 IS 1 BP 131 EP 139 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CZ4TR UT WOS:000367096100013 PM 26701597 ER PT J AU Ho, HC Smith, DG McCosker, JE Hibino, Y Loh, KH Tighe, KA Shao, KT AF Ho, Hsuan-Ching Smith, David G. McCosker, John E. Hibino, Yusuke Loh, Kar-Hoe Tighe, Kenneth A. Shao, Kwang-Tsao TI Annotated checklist of eels (orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes) from Taiwan SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Taxonomy; elopomorpha; Anguilliformes; Saccopharyngiformes; Taiwan ID INDO-WEST PACIFIC; MORAY EEL; SNAKE-EEL; WORM-EEL; NEENCHELYS-RETROPINNA; SYNAPHOBRANCHID EEL; SOUTHEASTERN TAIWAN; NORTHEASTERN COAST; SOUTHERN TAIWAN; EASTERN TAIWAN AB An annotated checklist of eels, orders Anguilliformes and Saccopharyngiformes, occurring in Taiwanese waters is presented. The checklist is the result of a series of systematic studies conducted by the authors in the past few years. The eel fauna of Taiwan is one of the richest in the world with a total of 206 species in 74 genera and 13 families in Anguilliformes and a single species in Saccopharyngiformes. The most species-rich families are the Muraenidae with 71 species, followed by the Ophichthidae with 60 species, the Congridae with 29 species, and the Synaphobranchidae with 17 species. Moreover, three genera and 42 species have been described based on at least one type specimen collected from Taiwan. Of these, 36 species are recognized as valid and 23 species are known only from Taiwanese waters at present. Historical records of all Taiwanese eel species are reviewed by examining the original descriptions and figures, vouchers, as well as the recently collected specimens, where available. This represents the first detailed checklist of eels from Taiwanese waters. C1 [Ho, Hsuan-Ching] Natl Museum Marine Biol & Aquarium, Pingtung, Taiwan. [Ho, Hsuan-Ching] Natl Dong Hwa Univ, Inst Marine Biol, Pingtung, Taiwan. [Smith, David G.; Tighe, Kenneth A.] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Suitland, MD USA. [McCosker, John E.] Calif Acad Sci, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Hibino, Yusuke] Mie Univ, Fisheries Res Lab, Tsu, Mie, Japan. [Loh, Kar-Hoe] Univ Malaya, Inst Ocean & Earth Sci, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Shao, Kwang-Tsao] Acad Sinica, Biodivers Res Ctr, Taipei 115, Taiwan. RP Shao, KT (reprint author), Acad Sinica, Biodivers Res Ctr, Taipei 115, Taiwan. EM zoskt@gate.sinica.edu.tw FU National Museum of Marine Biology Aquarium FX Many individuals are acknowledged for their assistance, including P.-L. Lin (ASIZP), C.-G. Zhang (ASIZB), M. Hong, J. Fong (CAS), J. Maclaine, O. Crimmen (BMNH), J. Pogonoski (CSIRO), S. Kimura (FRLM), Z. Gabsi, C. Ferrara, R. Causse, P. Pruvost (MNHN), G. Shinohara, M. Nakae (NSMT), W.-J. Chen (NTUM), S. Raredon, J. Williams, J. Clayton, D. Pitassy, S. Smith, K. Murphy (USNM). This project is supported by the National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium. NR 237 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 24 PY 2015 VL 4060 IS 1 BP 140 EP 189 PG 50 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CZ4TR UT WOS:000367096100014 PM 26701598 ER PT J AU Myers, CE Yamada, M Ji, HT Yoo, J Fox, W Jara-Almonte, J Savcheva, A DeLuca, EE AF Myers, Clayton E. Yamada, Masaaki Ji, Hantao Yoo, Jongsoo Fox, William Jara-Almonte, Jonathan Savcheva, Antonia DeLuca, Edward E. TI A dynamic magnetic tension force as the cause of failed solar eruptions SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; FLUX ROPE; PROMINENCE ERUPTIONS; TORUS INSTABILITY; KINK INSTABILITY; PLASMA; FLARES; RECONNECTION; EQUILIBRIUM; CATASTROPHE AB Coronal mass ejections are solar eruptions driven by a sudden release of magnetic energy stored in the Sun's corona(1). In many cases, this magnetic energy is stored in long-lived, arched structures called magnetic flux ropes(2-5). When a flux rope destabilizes, it can either erupt and produce a coronal mass ejection or fail and collapse back towards the Sun(6-8). The prevailing belief is that the outcome of a given event is determined by a magnetohydrodynamic force imbalance called the torus instability(9-14). This belief is challenged, however, by observations indicating that torus-unstable flux ropes sometimes fail to erupt(15). This contradiction has not yet been resolved because of a lack of coronal magnetic field measurements and the limitations of idealized numerical modelling. Here we report the results of a laboratory experiment(16) that reveal a previously unknown eruption criterion below which torus-unstable flux ropes fail to erupt. We find that such 'failed torus' events occur when the guide magnetic field (that is, the ambient field that runs toroidally along the flux rope) is strong enough to prevent the flux rope from kinking. Under these conditions, the guide field interacts with electric currents in the flux rope to produce a dynamic toroidal field tension force that halts the eruption. This magnetic tension force is missing from existing eruption models, which is why such models cannot explain or predict failed torus events. C1 [Myers, Clayton E.; Ji, Hantao; Jara-Almonte, Jonathan] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Myers, Clayton E.; Yamada, Masaaki; Ji, Hantao; Yoo, Jongsoo; Fox, William; Jara-Almonte, Jonathan] Princeton Plasma Phys Lab, Princeton, NJ 08543 USA. [Ji, Hantao] Harbin Inst Technol, Lab Space Environm & Phys Sci, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. [Savcheva, Antonia; DeLuca, Edward E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Myers, CE (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM cmyers@pppl.gov RI DeLuca, Edward/L-7534-2013; OI DeLuca, Edward/0000-0001-7416-2895; Yoo, Jongsoo/0000-0003-3881-1995; Myers, Clayton/0000-0003-4539-8406 FU Department of Energy (DoE) [DE-AC02-09CH11466]; National Science Foundation/DoE Center for Magnetic Self-Organization (CMSO) FX We thank R. Cutler for constructing the flux rope experiment and for myriad technical contributions. We also thank F. Scotti and P. Sloboda for additional technical contributions and R. M. Kulsrud for theoretical discussions. This research is supported by Department of Energy (DoE) contract number DE-AC02-09CH11466 and by the National Science Foundation/DoE Center for Magnetic Self-Organization (CMSO). NR 43 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 10 U2 28 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD DEC 24 PY 2015 VL 528 IS 7583 BP 526 EP + DI 10.1038/nature16188 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CZ3GH UT WOS:000366991900046 PM 26701052 ER PT J AU Lavallee, Y Dingwell, DB Johnson, JB Cimarelli, C Hornby, AJ Kendrick, JE von Aulock, FW Kennedy, B Andrews, BJ Wadsworth, FB Rhodes, E Chigna, G AF Lavallee, Yan Dingwell, Donald B. Johnson, Jeffrey B. Cimarelli, Corrado Hornby, Adrian J. Kendrick, Jackie E. von Aulock, Felix W. Kennedy, Ben M. Andrews, Benjamin J. Wadsworth, Fabian B. Rhodes, Emma Chigna, Gustavo TI Thermal vesiculation during volcanic eruptions SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID MAGMA FRAGMENTATION; MELTING PROCESSES; DOME; EARTHQUAKES; SOLUBILITY; GROWTH; ASCENT; FLOW; H2O; CRYSTALLIZATION AB Terrestrial volcanic eruptions are the consequence of magmas ascending to the surface of the Earth. This ascent is driven by buoyancy forces, which are enhanced by bubble nucleation and growth (vesiculation) that reduce the density of magma(1). The development of vesicularity also greatly reduces the 'strength' of magma(2), a material parameter controlling fragmentation and thus the explosive potential of the liquid rock(3). The development of vesicularity in magmas has until now been viewed (both thermodynamically and kinetically) in terms of the pressure dependence of the solubility of water in the magma, and its role in driving gas saturation, exsolution and expansion during decompression. In contrast, the possible effects of the well documented negative temperature dependence of solubility of water in magma has largely been ignored. Recently, petrological constraints have demonstrated that considerable heating of magma may indeed be a common result of the latent heat of crystallization(4) as well as viscous(5,6) and frictional(7) heating in areas of strain localization. Here we present field and experimental observations of magma vesiculation and fragmentation resulting from heating (rather than decompression). Textural analysis of volcanic ash from Santiaguito volcano in Guatemala reveals the presence of chemically heterogeneous filaments hosting micrometre-scale vesicles. The textures mirror those developed by disequilibrium melting induced via rapid heating during fault friction experiments, demonstrating that friction can generate sufficient heat to induce melting and vesiculation of hydrated silicic magma. Consideration of the experimentally determined temperature and pressure dependence of water solubility in magma reveals that, for many ascent paths, exsolution may be more efficiently achieved by heating than by decompression. We conclude that the thermal path experienced by magma during ascent strongly controls degassing, vesiculation, magma strength and the effusive-explosive transition in volcanic eruptions. C1 [Lavallee, Yan; Hornby, Adrian J.; Kendrick, Jackie E.; von Aulock, Felix W.; Rhodes, Emma] Univ Liverpool, Dept Earth Ocean & Ecol Sci, Liverpool L69 3GP, Merseyside, England. [Dingwell, Donald B.; Cimarelli, Corrado; Wadsworth, Fabian B.] Tech Univ Munich, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, D-80333 Munich, Germany. [Johnson, Jeffrey B.] Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Kennedy, Ben M.; Rhodes, Emma] Univ Canterbury, Geol Sci, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. [Andrews, Benjamin J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Chigna, Gustavo] Inst Nacl Sismol Vulcanol Meteorol & Hydrol INSIV, Guatemala City, Guatemala. RP Lavallee, Y (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Dept Earth Ocean & Ecol Sci, Liverpool L69 3GP, Merseyside, England. EM yan.lavallee@liverpool.ac.uk OI Cimarelli, Corrado/0000-0002-5707-5930; Hornby, Adrian/0000-0002-4969-6163; Kendrick, Jackie/0000-0001-5106-3587 FU European Research Council [306488, 247076]; National Science Foundation EAR [1151662]; European Union [282759]; AXA FX We thank A. Pineda, the staff at the National Institute for Seismology, Vulcanology, Meteorology and Hydrology of Guatemala (INSIVUMEH) and the Policia Nacional Civil de Guatemala for support with the field campaign. This work was supported by a European Research Council Starting Grant to Y.L. on 'Strain Localisation in Magmas' (SLiM, grant number 306488) and an Advanced Grant to D.B.D. on 'Explosive volcanism in the Earth system' (EVOKES, grant number 247076). J.B.J acknowledges the National Science Foundation EAR-grant number 1151662. This work was partially funded by the European Union's seventh programme for research, technological development, and demonstration under grant agreement 282759 (VUELCO), and by an AXA grant 'Risk from Volcanic Ash in the Earth System'. We are grateful to K. Genereau and L. Mastin for constructive reviews. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 12 U2 37 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD DEC 24 PY 2015 VL 528 IS 7583 BP 544 EP + DI 10.1038/nature16153 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CZ3GH UT WOS:000366991900050 PM 26701056 ER PT J AU Lima, L Espinosa-Alvarez, O Pinto, CM Cavazzana, M Pavan, AC Carranza, JC Lim, BK Campaner, M Takata, CSA Camargo, EP Hamilton, PB Teixeira, MMG AF Lima, Luciana Espinosa-Alvarez, Oneida Miguel Pinto, C. Cavazzana, Manzelio, Jr. Pavan, Ana Carolina Carranza, Julio C. Lim, Burton K. Campaner, Marta Takata, Carmen S. A. Camargo, Erney P. Hamilton, Patrick B. Teixeira, Marta M. G. TI New insights into the evolution of the Trypanosoma cruzi clade provided by a new trypanosome species tightly linked to Neotropical Pteronotus bats and related to an Australian lineage of trypanosomes SO PARASITES & VECTORS LA English DT Article DE Chiroptera; Bat trypanosomes; Museum archives; Phylogeny; Evolution; Phylogeography; Australia; Neotropics; Host-parasite association ID LEISHMANIA-ENRIETTII COMPLEX; KOALA PHASCOLARCTOS-CINEREUS; SEEDING HYPOTHESIS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; ATLANTIC FOREST; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; 1ST ISOLATION; IDENTIFICATION; PARASITES; SUPPORTS AB Background: Bat trypanosomes are implicated in the evolution of the T. cruzi clade, which harbours most African, European and American trypanosomes from bats and other trypanosomes from African, Australian and American terrestrial mammals, including T. cruzi and T. rangeli, the agents of the American human trypanosomiasis. The diversity of bat trypanosomes globally is still poorly understood, and the common ancestor, geographical origin, and evolution of species within the T. cruzi clade remain largely unresolved. Methods: Trypanosome sequences were obtained from cultured parasites and from museum archived liver/blood samples of bats captured from Guatemala (Central America) to the Brazilian Atlantic Coast. Phylogenies were inferred using Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, glycosomal glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase (gGAPDH), and Spliced Leader (SL) RNA genes. Results: Here, we described Trypanosoma wauwau n. sp. from Pteronotus bats (Mormoopidae) placed in the T. cruzi clade, then supporting the bat-seeding hypothesis whereby the common ancestor of this clade likely was a bat trypanosome. T. wauwau was sister to the clade T. spp-Neobats from phyllostomid bats forming an assemblage of trypanosome species exclusively of Noctilionoidea Neotropical bats, which was sister to an Australian clade of trypanosomes from indigenous marsupials and rodents, which possibly evolved from a bat trypanosome. T. wauwau was found in 26.5 % of the Pteronotus bats examined, and phylogeographical analysis evidenced the wide geographical range of this species. To date, this species was not detected in other bats, including those that were sympatric or shared shelters with Pteronotus. T. wauwau did not develop within mammalian cells, and was not infective to Balb/c mice or to triatomine vectors of T. cruzi and T. rangeli. Conclusions: Trypanosoma wauwau n. sp. was linked to Pteronotus bats. The positioning of the clade T. wauwau/T. spp-Neobats as the most basal Neotropical bat trypanosomes and closely related to an Australian lineage of trypanosomes provides additional evidence that the T. cruzi clade trypanosomes likely evolved from bats, and were dispersed in bats within and between continents from ancient to unexpectedly recent times. C1 [Lima, Luciana; Espinosa-Alvarez, Oneida; Campaner, Marta; Takata, Carmen S. A.; Camargo, Erney P.; Teixeira, Marta M. G.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Ciencias Biomed, Dept Parasitol, BR-05508000 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Miguel Pinto, C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Miguel Pinto, C.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Ctr Invest Enfermedades Infecciosas & Cron, Escuela Biol, Quito, Ecuador. [Cavazzana, Manzelio, Jr.] FIPA, Barretos, SP, Brazil. [Cavazzana, Manzelio, Jr.] Fac Ciencias Saude Barretos FACISB, Barretos, SP, Brazil. [Pavan, Ana Carolina] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Biol, BR-05508000 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Carranza, Julio C.] Univ Tolima, Lab Invest Parasitol Trop, Ibague, Colombia. [Lim, Burton K.] Royal Ontario Museum, Dept Nat Hist, Toronto, ON M5S 2C6, Canada. [Hamilton, Patrick B.] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Biosci, Exeter, Devon, England. RP Teixeira, MMG (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Ciencias Biomed, Dept Parasitol, Ave Lineu Prestes 1374, BR-05508000 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. EM mmgteix@icb.usp.br OI Camargo, Erney/0000-0003-0011-5871 FU Brazilian agency CNPq (PROSUL); Brazilian agency CAPES (PNIPB); Brazilian agency FAPESP; grant 'Investissements d'Avenir' from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Canada [ANR-10-LABX-25-01]; CNPq (PROTAX); Brazilian agency CNPq (PRAFRICA); Brazilian agency CNPq (PROTAX); Brazilian agency CAPES (PNPD) FX This work was supported by grants from the Brazilian agencies CNPq (PROSUL, PRAFRICA and PROTAX), CAPES (PNIPB and PNPD) and FAPESP. The analysis of bats from Central America, Suriname and Guyana was supported by grant 'Investissements d'Avenir' from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche, Canada (ANR-10-LABX-25-01). Archived samples from Brazilian Pteronotus were donated to ACP by VC Tavares, A Cesari, PA Rocha, FM Martins, MOG Lopes, CS Bernabe, TG Oliveira, E Goncalves and M Marcos. We are grateful to many student from USP and researches of other universities for the inestimable help in the fieldworks. We also thanks JA Rosa for the generous contribution with triatomines from the insectary of UNESP-Araraquara, and CE Jared and MM Antoniazzi for the access to electron microscopic facilities of the Institute Butantan, Brazil. Luciana Lima is postdoctoral fellow sponsored by FAPESP, and Oneida Espinosa-Alvarez is recipient of a PhD fellowship from CNPq (PROTAX). NR 57 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 17 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-3305 J9 PARASITE VECTOR JI Parasites Vectors PD DEC 23 PY 2015 VL 8 AR 657 DI 10.1186/s13071-015-1255-x PG 18 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA CZ4NY UT WOS:000367081100004 PM 26701154 ER PT J AU Derevianko, A Komar, P Topcu, T Kroeze, RM Lukin, MD AF Derevianko, Andrei Komar, Peter Topcu, Turker Kroeze, Ronen M. Lukin, Mikhail D. TI Effects of molecular resonances on Rydberg blockade SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ATOMS; EXCITATION AB We study the effect of resonances associated with complex molecular interaction of Rydberg atoms on Rydberg blockade. We show that densely spaced molecular potentials between doubly excited atomic pairs become unavoidably resonant with the optical excitation at short interatomic separations. Such molecular resonances limit the coherent control of individual excitations in Rydberg blockade. As an illustration, we compute the molecular interaction potentials of Rb atoms near the 100s states asymptote to characterize such detrimental molecular resonances and determine the resonant loss rate to molecules and inhomogeneous light shifts. Techniques to avoid the undesired effect of molecular resonances are discussed. C1 [Derevianko, Andrei; Topcu, Turker] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Derevianko, Andrei; Topcu, Turker] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Komar, Peter; Kroeze, Ronen M.; Lukin, Mikhail D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kroeze, Ronen M.] Eindhoven Univ Technol, Dept Phys, NL-5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands. RP Derevianko, A (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. FU US National Science Foundation (NSF) [PHY-1212482]; Simons Foundation; NSF; CUA; AFOSR; MURI; NSSEFF program FX We would like to thank E. Tiesinga and A. Kuzmich for discussions. This work was supported in part by the US National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant No. PHY-1212482. A.D. was also supported by the Simons Foundation as a Simons fellow in theoretical physics. T.T. and A.D. would like to thank the Institute for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics (ITAMP), Center for Ultracold Atoms, and the Harvard University Physics Department for their hospitality. Work at Harvard was supported by the NSF, CUA, AFOSR, MURI, and NSSEFF program. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD DEC 23 PY 2015 VL 92 IS 6 AR 063419 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.92.063419 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA CZ4EP UT WOS:000367056500003 ER PT J AU McMichael, CH Piperno, DR Bush, MB AF McMichael, C. H. Piperno, D. R. Bush, M. B. TI Comment on Clement et al. 2015 'The domestication of Amazonia before European conquest' SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material ID WESTERN AMAZONIA; FORESTS C1 [McMichael, C. H.] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Palaeoecol & Landscape Ecol, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Piperno, D. R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Piperno, D. R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Bush, M. B.] Florida Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. RP McMichael, CH (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyst Dynam, Palaeoecol & Landscape Ecol, Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM c.n.h.mcmichael@uva.nl NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD DEC 22 PY 2015 VL 282 IS 1821 AR 20151837 DI 10.1098/rspb.2015.1837 PG 3 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DA8ZW UT WOS:000368096900009 PM 26702039 ER PT J AU Bonafede, A Intema, H Bruggen, M Vazza, F Basu, K Sommer, M Ebeling, H de Gasperin, F Rottgering, HJA van Weeren, RJ Cassano, R AF Bonafede, A. Intema, H. Brueggen, M. Vazza, F. Basu, K. Sommer, M. Ebeling, H. de Gasperin, F. Roettgering, H. J. A. van Weeren, R. J. Cassano, R. TI Radio haloes in Sunyaev-Zel'dovich-selected clusters of galaxies: the making of a halo? SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; galaxies: clusters: individual: Abell 1443; galaxies: clusters: individual: CIZAJ1938.3+5409; galaxies: clusters: individual: RXCJ0949.9+1708; galaxies: clusters: individual: RXCJ1354.6+7715 ID COSMIC-RAY PROTONS; VLA SKY SURVEY; SCALING RELATIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; GAMMA-RAY; NONTHERMAL EMISSION; ROTATION MEASURES; COMA CLUSTER; SAMPLE; ACCELERATION AB Radio haloes are synchrotron radio sources detected in some massive galaxy clusters. Their size of Mpc indicates that (re)acceleration processes are taking place in the host cluster. X-ray catalogues of galaxy clusters have been used in the past to search for radio haloes and to understand their connection with cluster-cluster mergers and with the thermal component of the intracluster medium. More recently, the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect has been proven to be a better route to search for massive clusters in a wider redshift range. With the aim of discovering new radio haloes and understanding their connection with cluster-cluster mergers, we have selected the most massive clusters from the Planck early source catalogue and we have observed with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope at 323 MHz those objects for which deep observations were not available. We have discovered new peculiar radio emission in three of the observed clusters, finding (i) a radio halo in the cluster RXCJ0949.8+1708, (ii) extended emission in Abell 1443 that we classify as a radio halo plus a radio relic, with a bright filament embedded in the radio halo, and (iii) low-power radio emission in CIZA J1938.3+5409 that is ten times below the radio-X-ray correlation and represents the first direct detection of the radio emission in the 'upper-limit' region of the radio-X-ray diagram. We discuss the properties of these new radio haloes in the framework of theoretical models for the radio emission. C1 [Bonafede, A.; Brueggen, M.; Vazza, F.; de Gasperin, F.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Intema, H.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Basu, K.; Sommer, M.] Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Ebeling, H.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Roettgering, H. J. A.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [van Weeren, R. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Cassano, R.] INAF IRA, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. RP Bonafede, A (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. EM annalisa.bonafede@hs.uni-hamburg.de RI Intema, Huib/D-1438-2012; OI Intema, Huib/0000-0002-5880-2730; vazza, franco/0000-0002-2821-7928; de Gasperin, Francesco/0000-0003-4439-2627; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660 FU research group FOR 1254 - Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft: 'Magnetisation of interstellar and intergalactic media: the prospects of low-frequency radio observations'; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX The authors thank C. Jones for useful discussions. AB, MB, FV and FdG acknowledge support by the research group FOR 1254, funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft: 'Magnetisation of interstellar and intergalactic media: the prospects of low-frequency radio observations'. We thank the staff of the GMRT that made these observations possible. GMRT is run by the National Centre for Astrophysics of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research. This research made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Data Base (NED), which is operated by the JPL, California Institute of Technology under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.; This publication makes use of data products from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 64 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 21 PY 2015 VL 454 IS 4 BP 3391 EP 3402 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2065 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7RK UT WOS:000368001600004 ER PT J AU Yun, MS Aretxaga, I Gurwell, MA Hughes, DH Montana, A Narayanan, G Gonzalez, DR Sanchez-Arguelles, D Schloerb, FP Snell, RL Vega, O Wilson, GW Zeballos, M Chavez, M Cybulski, R Diaz-Santos, T De la Luz, V Erickson, N Ferrusca, D Gim, HB Heyer, MH Iono, D Pope, A Rogstad, SM Scott, KS Souccar, K Terlevich, E Terlevich, R Wilner, D Zavala, JA AF Yun, Min S. Aretxaga, I. Gurwell, M. A. Hughes, D. H. Montana, A. Narayanan, G. Rosa Gonzalez, D. Sanchez-Argueelles, D. Schloerb, F. P. Snell, R. L. Vega, O. Wilson, G. W. Zeballos, M. Chavez, M. Cybulski, R. Diaz-Santos, T. De la Luz, V. Erickson, N. Ferrusca, D. Gim, H. B. Heyer, M. H. Iono, D. Pope, A. Rogstad, S. M. Scott, K. S. Souccar, K. Terlevich, E. Terlevich, R. Wilner, D. Zavala, J. A. TI Early Science with the Large Millimeter Telescope: CO and [C II] Emission in the z=4.3 AzTEC J095942.9+022938 (COSMOS AzTEC-1) SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: distances and redshifts; galaxies: high-redshift; galaxies: individual: AzTEC J095942.9+022938; galaxies: starburst; radio lines: ISM; submillimetre: galaxies ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; 158 MU-M; ULTRALUMINOUS INFRARED GALAXIES; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; DEEP-FIELD-SOUTH; LUMINOUS SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES; SPACE-OBSERVATORY MEASUREMENTS; SIMILAR-TO 1-2; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM AB Measuring redshifted CO line emission is an unambiguous method for obtaining an accurate redshift and total cold gas content of optically faint, dusty starburst systems. Here, we report the first successful spectroscopic redshift determination of AzTEC J095942.9+022938 ('COSMOS AzTEC-1'), the brightest 1.1 mm continuum source found in the AzTEC/James Clerk Maxwell Telescope survey (Scott et al.), through a clear detection of the redshifted CO (4-3) and CO (5-4) lines using the Redshift Search Receiver on the Large Millimeter Telescope. The CO redshift of z = 4.3420 +/- 0.0004 is confirmed by the detection of the redshifted 158 mu m [C II] line using the Submillimeter Array. The new redshift and Herschel photometry yield L-FIR = (1.1 +/- 0.1) x 10(13)L(circle dot) and SFR approximate to 1300M(circle dot) yr(-1). Its molecular gas mass derived using the ultraluminous infrared galaxy conversion factor is 1.4 +/- 0.2 x 10(11)M(circle dot) while the total interstellar medium mass derived from the 1.1 mm dust continuum is 3.7 +/- 0.7 x 10(11)M(circle dot) assuming T-d = 35 K. Our dynamical mass analysis suggests that the compact gas disc (r approximate to 1.1 kpc, inferred from dust continuum and spectral energy distribution analysis) has to be nearly face-on, providing a natural explanation for the uncommonly bright, compact stellar light seen by the HST. The [C II] line luminosity L[C II] = 7.8 +/- 1.1 x 10(9) L-circle dot is remarkably high, but it is only 0.04 per cent of the total IR luminosity. AzTEC COSMOS-1 and other high redshift sources with a spatially resolved size extend the tight trend seen between [C II]/FIR ratio and Sigma(FIR) among IR-bright galaxies reported by Diaz-Santos et al. by more than an order of magnitude, supporting the explanation that the higher intensity of the IR radiation field is responsible for the '[C II] deficiency' seen among luminous starburst galaxies. C1 [Yun, Min S.; Narayanan, G.; Schloerb, F. P.; Snell, R. L.; Wilson, G. W.; Cybulski, R.; Erickson, N.; Gim, H. B.; Heyer, M. H.; Pope, A.; Rogstad, S. M.; Souccar, K.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Aretxaga, I.; Hughes, D. H.; Montana, A.; Rosa Gonzalez, D.; Sanchez-Argueelles, D.; Vega, O.; Zeballos, M.; Chavez, M.; De la Luz, V.; Ferrusca, D.; Terlevich, E.; Terlevich, R.; Zavala, J. A.] Inst Nacl Astrofis Opt & Electr, Puebla, Mexico. [Gurwell, M. A.; Wilner, D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Montana, A.] Consejo Nacl Ciencia & Technol, Del Benito Juarez 03940, DF, Mexico. [Diaz-Santos, T.] Univ Diego Portales, Fac Ingn, Nucleo Astron, Santiago, Chile. [De la Luz, V.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Unidad Michoacan, Inst Geofis, SCiESMEX, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Iono, D.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Scott, K. S.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. RP Yun, MS (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM myun@astro.umass.edu RI peut.etre, peut.etre/G-7835-2015 FU Mexican Science and Technology Funding Agency, CONACYT (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia); US National Science Foundation via the University Radio Observatory programme; Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica, Optica y Electronica (INAOE); University of Massachusetts, Amherst (UMass); Smithsonian Institution; Academia Sinica; NSF [AST-0096854, AST-0215916, AST-0540852, AST-0704966]; CONACyT [CB-2009-13326, CB-2011-167291, CB-2011-01-167281]; ALMA-CONICYT [31130005]; William Bannick Student Travel Grant; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX The authors thank the anonymous referee for the comments and suggestions that improved this manuscript. The authors also acknowledge the valuable discussions with Lee Armus, Andrew Baker, Daniela Calzetti, Chris Carilli, Giovanni Fazio, Dave Frayer, Andy Harris, Dave Sanders, Nick Scoville, Vernesa Smolcic, Axel Weiss, Al Wootten, and Josh Younger that benefitted this work. The authors thank R. Blundell for granting us the Director's Discressionary Time (DDT) for the SMA [C II] observations presented here. This work would not have been possible without the long-term financial support from the Mexican Science and Technology Funding Agency, CONACYT (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia) during the construction and early operational phase of the Large Millimeter Telescope Alfonso Serrano, as well as support from the US National Science Foundation via the University Radio Observatory programme, the Instituto Nacional de Astrofisica, Optica y Electronica (INAOE) and the University of Massachusetts, Amherst (UMass). The SMA is a joint project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica. The UMass Large Millimeter Telescope group acknowledges support from NSF URO and ATI grants (AST-0096854, AST-0215916, AST-0540852, and AST-0704966) for the Large Millimeter Telescope project and the construction of the RSR and AzTEC. IA, DHH, DSA and MZs work is partly supported by CONACyT research grants CB-2009-13326 and CB-2011-167291. DRG is partly supported by CONACyT research grant CB-2011-01-167281. TDS was supported by ALMA-CONICYT grant number 31130005. RC and HG would like to acknowledge support from a William Bannick Student Travel Grant. We are grateful to all of the Large Millimeter Telescope observers from Mexico and UMass who took data for this project. This work is based in part on observations made with the Herschel Space Observatory, which is an ESA space observatory with science instruments provided by European-led Principal Investigator consortia and with important participation from NASA, and Planck, which is European Space Agency mission with significant NASA involvement. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 96 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 21 PY 2015 VL 454 IS 4 BP 3485 EP 3499 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv1963 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7RK UT WOS:000368001600012 ER PT J AU Wielgus, M Kluzniak, W Sadowski, A Narayan, R Abramowicz, M AF Wielgus, M. Kluzniak, W. Sadowski, A. Narayan, R. Abramowicz, M. TI Stable, levitating, optically thin atmospheres of Eddington-luminosity neutron stars SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE gravitation; relativistic processes; stars: atmospheres; stars: neutron ID X-RAY SOURCES; CAPTURE AB In general relativity, static gaseous atmospheres may be in hydrostatic balance in the absence of a supporting stellar surface, provided that the luminosity is close to the Eddington value. We construct analytic models of optically thin, spherically symmetric shells supported by the radiation pressure of a luminous central body in the Schwarzschild metric. Opacity is assumed to be dominated by Thomson scattering. The inner parts of the atmospheres, where the luminosity locally has supercritical values, are characterized by a density and pressure inversion. The atmospheres are convectively and Rayleigh-Taylor stable, and there is no outflow of gas. C1 [Wielgus, M.; Kluzniak, W.; Abramowicz, M.] Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. [Wielgus, M.] Warsaw Univ Technol, Inst Micromech & Photon, PL-02525 Warsaw, Poland. [Sadowski, A.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Sadowski, A.; Narayan, R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Abramowicz, M.] Gothenburg Univ, Dept Phys, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden. RP Wielgus, M (reprint author), Copernicus Astron Ctr, Ul Bartycka 18, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. EM wlodek@camk.edu.pl OI Narayan, Ramesh/0000-0002-1919-2730 FU Polish NCN [UMO-2013/08/A/ST9/00795] FX It is a pleasure to thank Lars Bildsten for a discussion on density inversion. We thank the anonymous referee for the very helpful comments. This research was supported in part by the Polish NCN grant UMO-2013/08/A/ST9/00795. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 21 PY 2015 VL 454 IS 4 BP 3766 EP 3770 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2191 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7RK UT WOS:000368001600035 ER PT J AU Slepian, Z Eisenstein, DJ AF Slepian, Zachary Eisenstein, Daniel J. TI Computing the three-point correlation function of galaxies in Omicron(N-2) time SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: data analysis; cosmology: large-scale structure of Universe; methods: data analysis ID LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE; N-POINT CORRELATIONS; REDSHIFT SURVEY; SDSS GALAXIES; STATISTICS; SPACE; LUMINOSITY; DEPENDENCE; DATASETS; COLOR AB We present an algorithm that computes the multipole coefficients of the galaxy three-point correlation function (3PCF) without explicitly considering triplets of galaxies. Rather, centring on each galaxy in the survey, it expands the radially binned density field in spherical harmonics and combines these to form the multipoles without ever requiring the relative angle between a pair about the central. This approach scales with number and number density in the same way as the two-point correlation function, allowing run-times that are comparable, and 500 times faster than a naive triplet count. It is exact in angle and easily handles edge correction. We demonstrate the algorithm on the LasDamas SDSS-DR7 mock catalogues, computing an edge corrected 3PCF out to 90 Mpc h(-1) in under an hour on modest computing resources. We expect this algorithm will render it possible to obtain the large-scale 3PCF for upcoming surveys such as Euclid, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), and Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument. C1 [Slepian, Zachary; Eisenstein, Daniel J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Slepian, Z (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM zslepian@cfa.harvard.edu; deisenstein@cfa.harvard.edu FU National Science Foundation [DGE-1144152] FX ZS thanks Simeon Bird, Doug Finkbeiner, Lehman Garrison, JR Gott III, Robert Marsland, Philip Mocz, Cameron McBride, Stephen Portillo, David Spergel, and Yucong Zhu for useful discussions. We thank the anonymous referee for several helpful suggestions as well. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under grant no. DGE-1144152. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 21 PY 2015 VL 454 IS 4 BP 4142 EP 4158 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2119 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7RK UT WOS:000368001600063 ER PT J AU Dan, M Guillochon, J Bruggen, M Ramirez-Ruiz, E Rosswog, S AF Dan, M. Guillochon, J. Brueggen, M. Ramirez-Ruiz, E. Rosswog, S. TI Thermonuclear detonations ensuing white dwarf mergers SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion discs; hydrodynamics; nuclear reactions, nucleosynthesis, abundances; supernovae: general; white dwarfs ID GALACTIC SUPERNOVA REMNANT; CHANDRASEKHAR MASS MODELS; HELIUM SHELL DETONATIONS; IA SUPERNOVAE; ABUNDANCE STRATIFICATION; SN 2011FE; LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS; DELAYED-DETONATION; EXPLOSION MODELS; VIOLENT MERGERS AB The merger of two white dwarfs (WDs) has for many years not been considered as the favoured model for the progenitor system of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). But recent years have seen a change of opinion as a number of studies, both observational and theoretical, have concluded that they should contribute significantly to the observed SN Ia rate. In this paper, we study the ignition and propagation of detonation through post-merger remnants and we follow the resulting nucleosynthesis up to the point where a homologous expansion is reached. In our study we cover the entire range of WD masses and compositions. For the emergence of a detonation we study three different setups. The first two are guided by the merger remnants from our earlier simulations, while for the third one the ignitions were set by placing hotspots with properties determined by spatially resolved calculations taken from the literature. There are some caveats to our approach which we investigate. We carefully compare the nucleosynthetic yields of successful explosions with SN Ia observations. Only three of our models are consistent with all the imposed constraints and potentially lead to a standard Type Ia event. The first one, a 0.45 M-circle dot helium (He) + 0.9 M-circle dot carbon-oxygen (CO) WD system produces a sub-luminous, SN 1991bg-like event while the other two, a 0.45M(circle dot) He+1.1 M-circle dot oxygen-neon WD system and a 1.05 + 1.05 M-circle dot system with two CO WDs, are good candidates for common SNe Ia. C1 [Dan, M.; Brueggen, M.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Guillochon, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theory & Computat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ramirez-Ruiz, E.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Rosswog, S.] Stockholm Univ, Astron & Oskar Klein Ctr, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Dan, M (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Hamburger Sternwarte, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. EM marius.dan@hs.uni-hamburg.de OI Guillochon, James/0000-0002-9809-8215 FU Einstein grant [PF3-140108]; Packard grant; NASA ATP [NNX14AH37G]; Swedish Research Council (VR) [621-2012-4870] FX We thank the reviewer for his/her valuable comments and suggestions that improved the manuscript. We thank Laura Lopez, Jerod Parrent, Danny Milisavljevic, Lev Yungelson and Philipp Podsiadlowski for discussions and for suggesting useful references. This work was supported by Einstein grant PF3-140108 (JG), the Packard grant (ER-R), NASA ATP grant NNX14AH37G (ER-R), and the Swedish Research Council (VR) under grant 621-2012-4870 (SR). The FLASH code was developed in part by the DOE-supported Alliances Center for Astrophysical Thermonuclear Flashes (ASC) at the University of Chicago. NR 96 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 21 PY 2015 VL 454 IS 4 BP 4411 EP 4428 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2289 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7RK UT WOS:000368001600083 ER PT J AU Deng, XB Mohandass, D Katabuchi, M Hughes, AC Roubik, DW AF Deng, Xiaobao Mohandass, Dharmalingam Katabuchi, Masatoshi Hughes, Alice C. Roubik, David W. TI Impact of Striped-Squirrel Nectar-Robbing Behaviour on Gender Fitness in Alpinia roxburghii Sweet (Zingiberaceae) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID POLLINATOR BEHAVIOR; BLEPHAROCALYX ZINGIBERACEAE; REPRODUCTIVE FITNESS; IPOMOPSIS-AGGREGATA; CORYDALIS-AMBIGUA; FLORAL LARCENY; PLANT FITNESS; BUMBLE BEES; ROBBERS; POLLEN AB Nectar-robbing has the potential to strongly affect male and female reproductive fitness of plants. One example of nectar theft is that shown by striped-squirrels (Tamiops swinhoei) on a number of ginger species, including Alpinia roxburghii and A. kwangsiensis (Zingiberaceae). In this study, we used a fluorescent dye as a pollen analogue, and measured fruit and seed output, to test the effect of squirrel nectar-robbing on A. roxburghii reproductive fitness. Pollen transfer between robbed and unrobbed flowers was assessed by comparing 60 randomly established plots containing robbed and unrobbed flowers. The frequency of squirrel robbing visits and broken styles were recorded from a number of flowers for five consecutive days. Two bee species (Bombus eximius and Apis cerana), were the primary pollinators, and their visitation frequency was recorded for six consecutive days. The results showed that fluorescent powder from unrobbed flowers was dispersed further, and to a greater number of flowers than that placed on robbed flowers. Additionally, robbing flowers caused significant damage to reproductive organs, resulting in lower fruit and seed sets in robbed than in unrobbed flowers and influencing both male and female fitness. The frequency of the primary pollinator visits (B. eximius) was significantly higher for unrobbed plants than for robbed plants. The present study clearly shows the negative impact of squirrel robbing on A. roxburghii male reproductive fitness and neutral impact on female reproductive fitness. C1 [Deng, Xiaobao; Mohandass, Dharmalingam; Roubik, David W.] Chinese Acad Sci, XTBG, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Mengla County 666303, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Katabuchi, Masatoshi] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hughes, Alice C.] Chinese Acad Sci, XTBG, Ctr Integrat Conservat, Mengla County 666303, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Roubik, David W.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 03092, Ancon, Panama. RP Mohandass, D (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, XTBG, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Mengla County 666303, Yunnan, Peoples R China. EM dmohandass997@yahoo.com FU National Science Foundation of China [30470271, 31061160188-03, 31200173]; Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Fellowship for International Young Scientist Researchers [119103KP11]; Xishuangbanna Station for Tropical Rain Forest Ecosystem Studies; Caiyonghe National Park of Chinese Forestry Administration FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation of China Grant No. 30470271 and 31061160188-03, awarded to Xiao-bao Deng, who conducted the experiment in the field. The publication was also supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant. No. 31200173, awarded to D. Mohandass, who helped write this paper. The study was partially supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Fellowship for International Young Scientist Researchers (119103KP11), awarded to M. Katabuchi, who performed the statistical analyses. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; We thank the Xishuangbanna Station for Tropical Rain Forest Ecosystem Studies and Caiyonghe National Park of Chinese Forestry Administration for allowing us to use their facilities and for their support of our fieldwork. We are thankful to Prof. Qing-Jun Li who provided logistic support and facilities for writing this paper. We are also thankful to two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript. Our sincere thanks go to Mr. Kingsly Chuo Beng and Mr. Mason J. Campbell for useful English corrections in the final version. We are also grateful to Dr. Michael Breed for his insightful suggestions pertaining to the field experiment, and for obtaining fluorescence powder from Colorado University, USA. We thank Chun Li, Donghua Zhou and Congjian Luo for their assistance in the fieldwork conducted during the flowering seasons. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 11 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 21 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 12 AR e0144585 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0144585 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CZ4SF UT WOS:000367092300010 PM 26689684 ER PT J AU Pauluhn, A Huber, MCE Smith, PL Colina, L AF Pauluhn, Anuschka Huber, Martin C. E. Smith, Peter L. Colina, Luis TI Spectroradiometry with space telescopes SO ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Telescopes; Techniques : Spectroscopic; Instrumentation: Spectrographs, Detectors; Methods : Data analysis, Observational; Space vehicles: Instruments ID SPECTRAL IRRADIANCE CALIBRATION; CORONAL DIAGNOSTIC SPECTROMETER; ULTRAVIOLET-SPECTROSCOPIC-EXPLORER; SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC STANDARD STARS; IN-FLIGHT PERFORMANCE; ENERGY CONCENTRATOR SPECTROMETER; FOURIER-TRANSFORM SPECTROMETER; STEREO HELIOSPHERIC IMAGERS; ABSOLUTE FLUX CALIBRATION; RAY ASTRONOMY SATELLITE AB Radiometry, i.e. measuring the power of electromagnetic radiation-hitherto often referred to as "photometry"aEuro"is of fundamental importance in astronomy. We provide an overview of how to achieve a valid laboratory calibration of space telescopes and discuss ways to reliably extend this calibration to the spectroscopic telescope's performance in space. A lot of effort has been, and still is going into radiometric "calibration" of telescopes once they are in space; these methods use celestial primary and transfer standards and are based in part on stellar models. The history of the calibration of the Hubble Space Telescope serves as a platform to review these methods. However, we insist that a true calibration of spectroscopic space telescopes must directly be based on and traceable to laboratory standards, and thus be independent of the observations. This has recently become a well-supported aim, following the discovery of the acceleration of the cosmic expansion by use of type-Ia supernovae, and has led to plans for launching calibration rockets for the visible and infrared spectral range. This is timely, too, because an adequate exploitation of data from present space missions, such as Gaia, and from many current astronomical projects like Euclid and WFIRST demands higher radiometric accuracy than is generally available today. A survey of the calibration of instruments observing from the X-ray to the infrared spectral domains that include instrument- or mission-specific estimates of radiometric accuracies rounds off this review. C1 [Pauluhn, Anuschka; Huber, Martin C. E.] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. [Smith, Peter L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Colina, Luis] Ctr Astrobiol CSIC INTA, Madrid 28850, Spain. RP Pauluhn, A (reprint author), Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. EM anuschka.pauluhn@psi.ch; mceh@bluewin.ch FU NASA [NAGW-1596]; SOHO grant; SPARTAN grant FX The authors sincerely thank K. Bennett, C. T. Bingham, R. C. Bohlin, D. J. Coletti, T. Dudok de Wit, C. Frohlich, L. D. Gardner, A. Gottwald, U. Grothkopf, J. B. Holberg, J. Hollandt, C. V. H. Huber-Ott, F. Jansen, C. Jones, E. M. Kellogg, R. M. Klein, J. L. Kohl, J. W. Kruk, M. Kuhne, X. Liu, R. Paladini, W. H. Parkinson, G. Schmidtke, J. G. Timothy, G. Ulm, K. Wilhelm, C. Winkler and B. J. Wargelin for illuminating discussions, reference material, both published and unpublished, and other assistance. PLS thanks the Space Science Department of ESA for travel support. He was also supported in part by NASA Grants NAGW-1596, and SOHO, and SPARTAN grants. NR 291 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0935-4956 EI 1432-0754 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS REV JI Astron. Astrophys. Rev. PD DEC 21 PY 2015 VL 24 BP 1 EP 74 AR 3 DI 10.1007/s00159-015-0086-2 PG 74 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ4UI UT WOS:000367097900001 ER PT J AU Abeysekara, AU Archambault, S Archer, A Aune, T Barnacka, A Benbow, W Bird, R Biteau, J Buckley, JH Bugaev, V Cardenzana, JV Cerruti, M Chen, X Christiansen, JL Ciupik, L Connolly, MP Coppi, P Cui, W Dickinson, HJ Dumm, J Eisch, JD Errando, M Falcone, A Feng, Q Finley, JP Fleischhack, H Flinders, A Fortin, P Fortson, L Furniss, A Gillanders, GH Griffin, S Grube, J Gyuk, G Hutten, M Hakansson, N Hanna, D Holder, J Humensky, TB Johnson, CA Kaaret, P Kar, P Kelley-Hoskins, N Khassen, Y Kieda, D Krause, M Krennrich, F Kumar, S Lang, MJ Maier, G McArthur, S McCann, A Meagher, K Moriarty, P Mukherjee, R Nieto, D De Bhroithe, AO Ong, RA Otte, AN Park, N Perkins, JS Petrashyk, A Pohl, M Popkow, A Pueschel, E Quinn, J Ragan, K Ratliff, G Reynolds, PT Richards, GT Roache, E Rousselle, J Santander, M Sembroski, GH Shahinyan, K Smith, AW Staszak, D Telezhinsky, I Todd, NW Tucci, JV Tyler, J Vassiliev, VV Vincent, S Wakely, SP Weiner, OM Weinstein, A Wilhelm, A Williams, DA Zitzer, B Smith, PS Holoien, TWS Prieto, JL Kochanek, CS Stanek, KZ Shappee, B Hovatta, T Max-Moerbeck, W Pearson, TJ Reeves, RA Richards, JL Readhead, ACS Madejski, GM Djorgovski, SG Drake, AJ Graham, MJ Mahabal, A AF Abeysekara, A. U. Archambault, S. Archer, A. Aune, T. Barnacka, A. Benbow, W. Bird, R. Biteau, J. Buckley, J. H. Bugaev, V. Cardenzana, J. V. Cerruti, M. Chen, X. Christiansen, J. L. Ciupik, L. Connolly, M. P. Coppi, P. Cui, W. Dickinson, H. J. Dumm, J. Eisch, J. D. Errando, M. Falcone, A. Feng, Q. Finley, J. P. Fleischhack, H. Flinders, A. Fortin, P. Fortson, L. Furniss, A. Gillanders, G. H. Griffin, S. Grube, J. Gyuk, G. Huetten, M. Hakansson, N. Hanna, D. Holder, J. Humensky, T. B. Johnson, C. A. Kaaret, P. Kar, P. Kelley-Hoskins, N. Khassen, Y. Kieda, D. Krause, M. Krennrich, F. Kumar, S. Lang, M. J. Maier, G. McArthur, S. McCann, A. Meagher, K. Moriarty, P. Mukherjee, R. Nieto, D. De Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain Ong, R. A. Otte, A. N. Park, N. Perkins, J. S. Petrashyk, A. Pohl, M. Popkow, A. Pueschel, E. Quinn, J. Ragan, K. Ratliff, G. Reynolds, P. T. Richards, G. T. Roache, E. Rousselle, J. Santander, M. Sembroski, G. H. Shahinyan, K. Smith, A. W. Staszak, D. Telezhinsky, I. Todd, N. W. Tucci, J. V. Tyler, J. Vassiliev, V. V. Vincent, S. Wakely, S. P. Weiner, O. M. Weinstein, A. Wilhelm, A. Williams, D. A. Zitzer, B. Smith, P. S. Holoien, T. W. -S. Prieto, J. L. Kochanek, C. S. Stanek, K. Z. Shappee, B. Hovatta, T. Max-Moerbeck, W. Pearson, T. J. Reeves, R. A. Richards, J. L. Readhead, A. C. S. Madejski, G. M. Djorgovski, S. G. Drake, A. J. Graham, M. J. Mahabal, A. CA VERITAS SPOL ASAS-SN OVRO NuSTAR CRTS TI GAMMA-RAYS FROM THE QUASAR PKS 1441+25: STORY OF AN ESCAPE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE cosmology: observations; diffuse radiation; gamma rays: galaxies; quasars: individual (PKS 1441+25-VER J1443+250); radiation mechanisms: non-thermal ID EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; COMPLETE SAMPLE; FERMI BLAZARS; SPECTRA; VARIABILITY; TELESCOPE; RADIATION; EMISSION; MISSION; ABSORPTION AB Outbursts from gamma-ray quasars provide insights on the relativistic jets of active galactic nuclei and constraints on the diffuse radiation fields that fill the universe. The detection of significant emission above 100 GeV from a distant quasar would show that some of the radiated gamma-rays escape pair-production interactions with low-energy photons, be it the extragalactic background light (EBL), or the radiation near the supermassive black hole lying at the jet's base. VERITAS detected gamma-ray emission up to similar to 200 GeV from PKS 1441+25 (z = 0.939) during 2015 April, a period of high activity across all wavelengths. This observation of PKS 1441+25 suggests that the emission region is located thousands of Schwarzschild radii away from the black hole. The gamma-ray detection also sets a stringent upper limit on the near-ultraviolet to near-infrared EBL intensity, suggesting that galaxy surveys have resolved most, if not all, of the sources of the EBL at these wavelengths. C1 [Abeysekara, A. U.; Flinders, A.; Kar, P.; Kieda, D.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Archer, A.; Buckley, J. H.; Bugaev, V.; Errando, M.; Todd, N. W.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [Aune, T.; Ong, R. A.; Popkow, A.; Rousselle, J.; Vassiliev, V. V.] Washington Univ, Dept Phys, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Barnacka, A.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Benbow, W.; Cerruti, M.; Fortin, P.; Roache, E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bird, R.; Khassen, Y.; Pueschel, E.; Quinn, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA. [Biteau, J.; Furniss, A.; Johnson, C. A.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Phys, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Biteau, J.; Furniss, A.; Johnson, C. A.; Williams, D. A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Cardenzana, J. V.; Eisch, J. D.; Krennrich, F.; Weinstein, A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Chen, X.; Hakansson, N.; Pohl, M.; Telezhinsky, I.; Wilhelm, A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Chen, X.; Huetten, M.; Kelley-Hoskins, N.; Krause, M.; Maier, G.; De Bhroithe, A. O'Faolain; Pohl, M.; Telezhinsky, I.; Vincent, S.; Wilhelm, A.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. [Christiansen, J. L.] DESY, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany. [Ciupik, L.; Grube, J.; Gyuk, G.; Ratliff, G.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Phys, San Luis Obispo, CA 94307 USA. [Connolly, M. P.; Gillanders, G. H.; Lang, M. J.; Moriarty, P.] Adler Planetarium & Astron Museum, Dept Astron, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Coppi, P.] Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Phys, Galway, Ireland. [Cui, W.; Feng, Q.; Finley, J. P.; McArthur, S.; Sembroski, G. H.; Tucci, J. V.; Richards, J. L.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Dickinson, H. J.; Dumm, J.; Fleischhack, H.; Fortson, L.; Shahinyan, K.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Errando, M.; Mukherjee, R.; Santander, M.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Phys & Astron, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Falcone, A.] Columbia Univ, Barnard Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Holder, J.; Kumar, S.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Holder, J.; Kumar, S.] Univ Delaware, Dept Phys & Astron, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Humensky, T. B.; Nieto, D.; Petrashyk, A.; Weiner, O. M.] Univ Delaware, Bartol Res Inst, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Kaaret, P.] Columbia Univ, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Meagher, K.; Otte, A. N.; Richards, G. T.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Meagher, K.; Otte, A. N.; Richards, G. T.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Park, N.; Wakely, S. P.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Perkins, J. S.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Reynolds, P. T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Smith, A. W.] Cork Inst Technol, Dept Appl Sci, Cork, Ireland. [Zitzer, B.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Smith, P. S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Holoien, T. W. -S.; Kochanek, C. S.; Stanek, K. Z.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Holoien, T. W. -S.; Kochanek, C. S.; Stanek, K. Z.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Prieto, J. L.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & AstroParticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Prieto, J. L.] Univ Diego Portales, Fac Ingn, Nucleo Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Shappee, B.] Millennium Inst Astrophys, Santiago, Chile. [Hovatta, T.] Carnegie Observ, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Max-Moerbeck, W.] Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, FI-02540 Kylmala, Finland. [Pearson, T. J.; Readhead, A. C. S.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Reeves, R. A.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Madejski, G. M.] Univ Concepcion, Dept Astron, CePIA, Concepcion, Chile. [Madejski, G. M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, WW Hansen Expt Phys Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Djorgovski, S. G.; Drake, A. J.; Graham, M. J.; Mahabal, A.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Abeysekara, AU (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM jbiteau@ucsc.edu; matteo.cerruti@cfa.harvard.edu; errando@astro.columbia.edu; caajohns@ucsc.edu; mark.lang@nuigalway.ie RI Nieto, Daniel/J-7250-2015; Pearson, Timothy/N-2376-2015; OI Nieto, Daniel/0000-0003-3343-0755; Pearson, Timothy/0000-0001-5213-6231; Pueschel, Elisa/0000-0002-0529-1973; Errando, Manel/0000-0002-1853-863X; Lang, Mark/0000-0003-4641-4201; Bird, Ralph/0000-0002-4596-8563 FU U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; U.S. National Science Foundation; Smithsonian Institution; NSERC in Canada; NASA Swift GI grant [NNX15AR38G]; LCOGT; NSF [AST-1313422, AST-1413600, AST-0808050, AST-1109911]; Mt. Cuba Astronomical Foundation; OSU/CCAPP; MAS/Chile; NASA Fermi GI grant [NNX12AO93G]; NASA [NNX08AW31G, NNX11A043G] FX This research is supported by grants from the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, the U.S. National Science Foundation and the Smithsonian Institution, and by NSERC in Canada, with additional support from NASA Swift GI grant NNX15AR38G. We acknowledge the excellent work of the technical support staff at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory and at the collaborating institutions in the construction and operation of the instrument. The VERITAS Collaboration is grateful to Trevor Weekes for his seminal contributions and leadership in the field of VHE gamma-ray astrophysics, which made this study possible.; ASAS-SN thanks LCOGT, NSF, Mt. Cuba Astronomical Foundation, OSU/CCAPP and MAS/Chile for their support.; The observations at Steward Observatory are funded through NASA Fermi GI grant NNX12AO93G.; CRTS is supported by the NSF grants AST-1313422 and AST-1413600.; The OVRO 40-m monitoring program is supported in part by NASA grants NNX08AW31G and NNX11A043G, and NSF grants AST-0808050 and AST-1109911. NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 20 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 2 AR L22 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/815/2/L22 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DC2XI UT WOS:000369081700006 ER PT J AU Chainho, P Fernandes, A Amorim, A Avila, SP Canning-Clode, J Castro, JJ Costa, AC Costa, JL Cruz, T Gollasch, S Grazziotin-Soares, C Melo, R Micael, J Parente, MI Semedo, J Silva, T Sobral, D Sousa, M Torres, P Veloso, V Costa, MJ AF Chainho, Paula Fernandes, Antonio Amorim, Ana Avila, Sergio P. Canning-Clode, Joao Castro, Joao J. Costa, Ana C. Costa, Jose L. Cruz, Teresa Gollasch, Stephan Grazziotin-Soares, Clarissa Melo, Ricardo Micael, Joana Parente, Manuela I. Semedo, Jorge Silva, Teresa Sobral, Dinah Sousa, Monica Torres, Paulo Veloso, Vera Costa, Maria J. TI Non-indigenous species in Portuguese coastal areas, coastal lagoons, estuaries and islands SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Alien species; National checklist; EU-MSFD; Introduction vectors; Biofouling; Ballast water ID GYMNODINIUM-CATENATUM; MEDITERRANEAN SEA; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; EASTERN ATLANTIC; OCEANIC ISLANDS; MARINE FAUNA; 1ST RECORD; MADEIRA; AZORES; WATERS AB Trends in abundance, temporal occurrence and spatial distribution of marine and brackish nonindigenous species (NIS) are part of the indicators to assess the compliance of Good Environmental Status in the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive (EU-MSFD). European-wide regional and national databases for NIS will be useful for the implementation of the EU-MSFD but there are still spatial gaps for some regions and taxonomic groups. In 2009, Portugal was among the countries with the lowest reported numbers of NIS in Europe and a national online database on NIS was not available. This study provides an updated list of NIS registered in Portuguese coastal and estuarine waters, including mainland Portugal and the Azores and Madeira archipelagos. A list of 133 NIS was cataloged, most of which recorded in the last three decades, showing that this area of the North Atlantic is no less prone to introductions than neighboring areas. Most NIS reported in the current inventory are native in the Indo-Pacific region. Fouling and ballast water are the most likely introduction vectors of NIS in the studied area but shipping routes connecting to the NIS native regions are rare, indicating that most species are secondary introductions. The high number of NIS in the Azores and Madeira islands indicates that this ecosystem type seems to be more susceptible to invasions but these preliminary results might be biased by a higher number of studies and knowledge on the NIS occurrence on the islands. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chainho, Paula; Fernandes, Antonio; Amorim, Ana; Costa, Jose L.; Grazziotin-Soares, Clarissa; Melo, Ricardo; Veloso, Vera; Costa, Maria J.] Univ Nova Lisboa, MARE Marine & Environm Sci Ctr, Fac Ciencias, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal. [Amorim, Ana; Melo, Ricardo] Univ Nova Lisboa, Dept Biol Vegetal, Fac Ciencias, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal. [Avila, Sergio P.; Costa, Ana C.; Micael, Joana; Parente, Manuela I.; Torres, Paulo] Univ Azores, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, InBIO Lab Associado, CIBIO,Polo Acores, P-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal. [Avila, Sergio P.; Costa, Ana C.] Univ Azores, Dept Biol, P-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Acores, Portugal. [Avila, Sergio P.] Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. [Canning-Clode, Joao] Estacao Biol Marinha Funchal, MARE Marine & Environm Sci Ctr, P-9000107 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal. [Canning-Clode, Joao] Univ Azores, Ctr IMAR, Dept Oceanog & Fisheries, UAz & LARSyS Associated Lab, PT-9901862 Horta, Azores, Portugal. [Canning-Clode, Joao] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Castro, Joao J.; Cruz, Teresa] Univ Evora, MARE Marine & Environm Sci Ctr, Lab Ciencias Mar, P-7521903 Sines, Portugal. [Cruz, Teresa] Univ Evora, Sch Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, Evora, Portugal. [Costa, Jose L.; Costa, Maria J.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias, Dept Biol Anim, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal. [Gollasch, Stephan] GoConsult, D-22763 Hamburg, Germany. [Semedo, Jorge] Portuguese Port & Maritime Transport Inst, Lisbon, Portugal. [Sobral, Dinah; Sousa, Monica] Inst Nat Conservat & Forests, Lisbon, Portugal. RP Chainho, P (reprint author), Univ Nova Lisboa, MARE Marine & Environm Sci Ctr, Fac Ciencias, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal. EM pmchainho@fc.ul.pt RI Costa, Ana Cristina/L-8023-2013; Costa, Jose Lino/B-2188-2012; Avila, Sergio/B-5311-2014; Chainho, Paula/B-3935-2012; Micael, Joana/M-3206-2013; OI Costa, Ana Cristina/0000-0002-0258-3460; Costa, Jose Lino/0000-0002-3843-4635; Avila, Sergio/0000-0003-4317-3051; Chainho, Paula/0000-0002-3539-9942; Micael, Joana/0000-0003-4658-5692; Amorim, Ana/0000-0002-9612-4280; Canning Clode, Joao/0000-0003-2143-6535 FU FCT [PTDC/MAR/73579/2006, UID/MAR/04292/2013, LTER/BIA-BEC/0019/2009, SFRH/BDP/29579/2006, SFRH/BPD/75775/2011]; Direccao Regional de Ciencia e Tecnologia, Azores [ASMAS - M2.1.2/032/2011]; project EEMA [POVT-12-0233-FCOES-000017]; European Community [266445] FX This work was funded by the FCT project INSPECT - Introduced marine alien species in Portuguese estuaries and coastal areas: patterns of distribution and abundance, vectors and invading potential (PTDC/MAR/73579/2006), with the support of UID/MAR/04292/2013 and 3M RECITAL (LTER/BIA-BEC/0019/2009) (both funded by FCT) and ASMAS - M2.1.2/032/2011, funded by Direccao Regional de Ciencia e Tecnologia, Azores. We thank APA - Aveiro Port Authority (Ma. Manuel Cruz), APL - Lisbon Port Authority (Susana Rolo), National Port Authority (Filipa Duarte), Madeira Port Authority (Rui Martins), Setubal and Sesimbra Port Authority (Graca Viegas), Sines Port Authority (Antonio Santos and Brazuna Fontes), Douro and Leixoes Port Authority (Santos Gomes), Azores Port Authority (Nuno Barata). The authors are grateful to a large number of colleagues who contributed to this inventory and checked the list several times, as well as those who gave support to the taxonomic revisions, in particular Estibaliz Berecibar, Carlos Reis, Miguel Gaspar, Ana Rodrigues, Victor Quintino, Helena Costa, Alexandra Teodosio, Ronaldo Sousa, Macarena Ros, Anna Occhipinti-Ambrogi and Mary Davis. We also thank Nuno Castro and Luis Silva for all the support during the sampling surveys and Andre Couto for the graphical work. Paula Chainho and Joao Canning-Clode hold FCT post-doctoral grants (SFRH/BDP/29579/2006 and SFRH/BPD/75775/2011, respectively). Clarissa Grazziotin-Soares was supported by a grant from project EEMA (POVT-12-0233-FCOES-000017). Sergio Avila and Jose Lino Costa acknowledge Ciencia 2008 research contracts funded by FCT. The research leading to parts of these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Grant Agreement No. [266445] for the project Vectors of Change in Oceans and Seas Marine Life, Impact on Economic Sectors (VECTORS). NR 153 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0272-7714 EI 1096-0015 J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. PD DEC 20 PY 2015 VL 167 SI SI BP 199 EP 211 DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2015.06.019 PN A PG 13 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA DA2MS UT WOS:000367630300021 ER PT J AU Adhikari, TP Rozanska, A Sobolewska, M Czerny, B AF Adhikari, T. P. Rozanska, A. Sobolewska, M. Czerny, B. TI ABSORPTION MEASURE DISTRIBUTION IN Mrk 509 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: individual (Mrk 509); instabilities; methods: numerical; radiative transfer ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; WARM ABSORBERS; MULTIWAVELENGTH CAMPAIGN; THERMAL-INSTABILITY; XMM-NEWTON; PHYSICAL CONDITIONS; PHOTOIONIZED MEDIA; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; IONIZED-GAS AB In this paper we model the observed absorption measure distribution (AMD) in Mrk 509, which spans three orders of magnitude in ionization level with a single-zone absorber in pressure equilibrium. AMD is usually constructed from observations of narrow absorption lines in radio-quiet active galaxies with warm absorbers. We study the properties of the warm absorber in Mrk. 509 using recently published broadband spectral energy distribution observed with different instruments. This spectrum is an input in radiative transfer computations with full photoionization treatment using the TITAN code. We show that the simplest way to fully reproduce the shape of AMD is to assume that the warm absorber is a single zone under constant total pressure. With this assumption, we found theoretical AMD that matches the observed AMD determined on the basis of the 600 ks reflection grating spectrometer XMM-Newton spectrum of Mrk. 509. The softness of the source spectrum and the important role of the free-free emission breaks the usual degeneracy in the ionization state calculations, and the explicit dependence of the depths of AMD dips on density open a new path to the density diagnostic for the warm absorber. In Mrk 509, the implied density is of the order of 10(8) cm(-3). C1 [Adhikari, T. P.; Rozanska, A.; Sobolewska, M.] Polish Acad Sci, Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. [Sobolewska, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Czerny, B.] Polish Acad Sci, Ctr Theoret Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland. RP Adhikari, TP (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Nicolaus Copernicus Astron Ctr, Bartycka 18, PL-00716 Warsaw, Poland. EM tek@camk.edu.pl OI Adhikari, Tek Prasad/0000-0003-4586-0744 FU Polish National Science Center [2011/03/B/5T9/03281, 2013/08/A/5T9/00795]; Ministry of Science and Higher Education [W30/7.PR/2013]; European Union [312789] FX We are grateful to the anonymous referee for extremely helpful comments. We want to thank J. S. Kaastra for providing us with the spectra of Mrk 509 and the AMD points that we used in our study. We thank A M. Dumont and M. Mouchet for helpful discussion on TITAN calculations and J. Stern for useful discussion on models. This research was supported by Polish National Science Center grant Nos. 2011/03/B/5T9/03281 and 2013/08/A/5T9/00795, and by Ministry of Science and Higher Education grant W30/7.PR/2013. This work received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement No.312789. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 2 AR 83 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/2/83 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ5OG UT WOS:000367151300003 ER PT J AU Bourdin, H Mazzotta, P Rasia, E AF Bourdin, H. Mazzotta, P. Rasia, E. TI SPECTRAL IMAGING OF GALAXY CLUSTERS WITH PLANCK SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium; shock waves ID INTERNAL LINEAR COMBINATION; MICROWAVE BACKGROUND EXPERIMENTS; X-RAY/SZ VIEW; COMPONENT SEPARATION; LIKELIHOOD-ESTIMATION; INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM; RECONSTRUCTION; SIMULATIONS; LIMITATIONS; ALGORITHM AB The Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect is a promising tool for detecting the presence of hot gas out to the galaxy cluster peripheries. We developed a spectral imaging algorithm dedicated to the SZ observations of nearby galaxy clusters with Planck, with the aim of revealing gas density anisotropies related to the filamentary accretion of materials, or pressure discontinuities induced by the propagation of shock fronts. To optimize an unavoidable trade-off between angular resolution and precision of the SZ flux measurements, the algorithm performs a multi-scale analysis of the SZ maps as well as of other extended components, such as the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies and the Galactic thermal dust. The demixing of the SZ signal is tackled through kernel-weighted likelihood maximizations. The CMB anisotropies are further analyzed through a wavelet analysis, while the Galactic foregrounds and SZ maps are analyzed via a curvelet analysis that best preserves their anisotropic details. The algorithm performance has been tested against mock observations of galaxy clusters obtained by simulating the Planck High Frequency Instrument and by pointing at a few characteristic positions in the sky. These tests suggest that Planck should easily allow us to detect filaments in the cluster peripheries and detect large-scale shocks in colliding galaxy clusters that feature favorable geometry. C1 [Bourdin, H.; Mazzotta, P.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Mazzotta, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Rasia, E.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Trieste, I-34121 Trieste, Italy. [Rasia, E.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Bourdin, H (reprint author), Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, Via Ric Sci 1, I-00133 Rome, Italy. EM herve.bourdin@roma2.infn.it RI Mazzotta, Pasquale/B-1225-2016; OI Mazzotta, Pasquale/0000-0002-5411-1748; rasia, elena/0000-0003-4175-002X FU NASA [NNX14AC22G]; NSF [AST-1210973]; FP7-PEOPLE--IIF [PIIF-GA-2013-627474] FX We wish to thank Giancarlo De Gasperis, Guillaume Hurler, and Juan Macias-Perez for fruitful discussion about the Planck data analysis. We also thank the referee for constructive comments which helped us to improve our manuscript. We acknowledge the use of the image analysis routines of the Interactive Sparse astronomical data Analysis Package (ISAP) that was developed in the CosmoStat laboratory at CEA Sac lay. We are greatly indebted to the whole Dianoga team, who produced the simulations used in this work (PIs. Stefano Borgani, Giuseppe Murante, Klaus Dolag). The mock observations presented in this work mimic real observations that were obtained with Planck, an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions that are directly funded by ESA member states, NASA, and Canada. H.B. thanks the University of Michigan, where this work was initiated, for its hospitality. P.M. acknowledges support by grant NASA NNX14AC22G. E.R. acknowledges support by FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF (Grant Agreement PIIF-GA-2013-627474) and NSF AST-1210973. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 2 AR 92 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/2/92 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ5OG UT WOS:000367151300012 ER PT J AU Bussmann, RS Riechers, D Fialkov, A Scudder, J Hayward, CC Cowley, WI Bock, J Calanog, J Chapman, SC Cooray, A De Bernardis, F Farrah, D Fu, H Gavazzi, R Hopwood, R Ivison, RJ Jarvis, M Lacey, C Loeb, A Oliver, SJ Perez-Fournon, I Rigopoulou, D Roseboom, IG Scott, D Smith, AJ Vieira, JD Wang, L Wardlow, J AF Bussmann, R. S. Riechers, D. Fialkov, A. Scudder, J. Hayward, C. C. Cowley, W. I. Bock, J. Calanog, J. Chapman, S. C. Cooray, A. De Bernardis, F. Farrah, D. Fu, Hai Gavazzi, R. Hopwood, R. Ivison, R. J. Jarvis, M. Lacey, C. Loeb, A. Oliver, S. J. Perez-Fournon, I. Rigopoulou, D. Roseboom, I. G. Scott, Douglas Smith, A. J. Vieira, J. D. Wang, L. Wardlow, J. TI HERMES: ALMA IMAGING OF HERSCHEL-SELECTED DUSTY STAR-FORMING GALAXIES (vol 812, pg 43, 2015) SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Correction C1 [Bussmann, R. S.; Riechers, D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Fialkov, A.] Ecole Normale Super, CNRS, Dept Phys, F-75005 Paris, France. [Scudder, J.; Oliver, S. J.; Roseboom, I. G.; Smith, A. J.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Hayward, C. C.] CALTECH, TAPIR 350 17, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Hayward, C. C.; Loeb, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Cowley, W. I.; Lacey, C.; Wang, L.] Univ Durham, Inst Computat Cosmol, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Bock, J.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Bock, J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Calanog, J.; Cooray, A.; De Bernardis, F.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Chapman, S. C.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Farrah, D.] Virginia Tech, Dept Phys, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Fu, Hai] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Gavazzi, R.] Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Hopwood, R.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Astrophys Grp, Blackett Lab, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Ivison, R. J.] Royal Observ, UK Astron Technol Ctr, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Ivison, R. J.; Roseboom, I. G.] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Jarvis, M.; Rigopoulou, D.] Univ Oxford, Dept Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Jarvis, M.] Univ Western Cape, Dept Phys, Astrophys Grp, ZA-7535 Cape Town, South Africa. [Perez-Fournon, I.] IAC, E-38200 Tenerife, Spain. [Perez-Fournon, I.] ULL, Dept Astrofis, E-38205 Tenerife, Spain. [Rigopoulou, D.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, RAL Space, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Scott, Douglas] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. [Vieira, J. D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Vieira, J. D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wang, L.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-9747 AD Groningen, Netherlands. [Wardlow, J.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Dark Cosmol Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Bussmann, RS (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Space Sci Bldg, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RI Ivison, R./G-4450-2011; Wardlow, Julie/C-9903-2015 OI Ivison, R./0000-0001-5118-1313; Wardlow, Julie/0000-0003-2376-8971 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 2 AR 135 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/2/135 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ5OG UT WOS:000367151300055 ER PT J AU Damjanov, I Zahid, HJ Geller, MJ Hwang, HS AF Damjanov, Ivana Zahid, H. Jabran Geller, Margaret J. Hwang, Ho Seong TI THE ENVIRONMENT OF MASSIVE QUIESCENT COMPACT GALAXIES AT 0.1 < z < 0.4 IN THE COSMOS FIELD SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: fundamental parameters; galaxies: statistics; galaxies: stellar content; galaxies: structure ID FIBER-FED SPECTROGRAPH; VLT DEEP SURVEY; SIMILAR-TO 2; EVOLUTION SURVEY COSMOS; STAR-FORMATION ACTIVITY; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; STELLAR-MASS; SIZE RELATION; INTERMEDIATE REDSHIFT AB We use Hectospec mounted on the 6.5 m MMT to carry out a redshift survey of red (r - i > 0.2, g - r > 0.8, r < 21.3) galaxies in the Cosmological Evolution Survey (COSMOS) field to measure the environments of massive compact quiescent galaxies at intermediate redshift. The > 90% complete magnitude limited survey includes redshifts for 1766 red galaxies with r < 20.8 covering the central square degree of the field; 65% of the redshifts in this sample are new. We select a complete magnitude limited quiescent sample based on the rest-frame UVJ colors. When the density distribution is sampled on a scale of 2 Mpc, massive compact galaxies inhabit systematically denser regions than the parent quiescent galaxy population. Noncompact quiescent galaxies with the same stellar masses as their compact counterparts populate a similar distribution of environments. Thus the massive nature of quiescent compacts accounts for the environment dependence and appears fundamental to their history. C1 [Damjanov, Ivana] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zahid, H. Jabran; Geller, Margaret J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hwang, Ho Seong] Korea Inst Adv Study, Sch Phys, Seoul 130722, South Korea. RP Damjanov, I (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM idamjanov@cfa.harvard.edu OI Geller, Margaret/0000-0002-9146-4876 FU Harvard College Observatory Menzel Fellowship; Smithsonian Institution; Clay Fellowship FX We thank the referee for providing comments that helped us clarify points in the paper. We thank Warren Brown, Scott Kenyon, and Kate Rubin for reading the manuscript and making insightful suggestions. I.D. is supported by the Harvard College Observatory Menzel Fellowship. The Smithsonian Institution supports the research of M.J.G. H.J.Z. gratefully acknowledges the generous support of the Clay Fellowship. NR 99 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 2 AR 104 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/2/104 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ5OG UT WOS:000367151300024 ER PT J AU De Pree, CG Peters, T Mac Low, MM Wilner, DJ Goss, WM Galvan-Madrid, R Keto, ER Klessen, RS Monsrud, A AF De Pree, C. G. Peters, T. Mac Low, M. M. Wilner, D. J. Goss, W. M. Galvan-Madrid, R. Keto, E. R. Klessen, R. S. Monsrud, A. TI EVIDENCE OF SHORT TIMESCALE FLUX DENSITY VARIATIONS OF UC H II REGIONS IN SGR B2 MAIN AND NORTH SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE H II Regions; radio continuum: ISM; stars: formation ID MASSIVE STARS; CONTINUUM OBSERVATIONS; SAGITTARIUS B2; HII-REGIONS; IONIZED-GAS; ULTRACOMPACT; ACCRETION; FRAGMENTATION; SCALES; AU AB We have recently published observations of significant flux density variations at 1.3 cm in H II regions in the star-forming regions Sgr B2 Main and North. To further study these variations, we have made new 7 mm continuum and recombination line observations of Sgr B2 at the highest possible angular resolution of the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA). We have observed Sgr B2 Main and North at 42.9 GHz and at 45.4 GHz in the BnA configuration (Main) and the A configuration (North). We compare these new data to archival VLA 7 mm continuum data of Sgr B2 Main observed in 2003 and Sgr B2 North observed in 2001. We find that 1 of the 41 known ultracompact and hypercompact H II regions in Sgr B2 (K2-North) has decreased similar to 27% in flux density from 142 +/- 14 to 103 +/- 10 mJy (2.3 sigma) between 2001 and 2012. A second source, F3c-Main, has increased similar to 30% in flux density from 82 +/- 8 to 107 +/- 11 mJy (1.8s) between 2003 and 2012. F3c-Main was previously observed to increase in flux density at 1.3 cm over a longer time period between 1989 and 2012. An observation of decreasing flux density, such as that observed in K2-North, is particularly significant since such a change is not predicted by the classical hypothesis of steady expansion of H II regions during massive star accretion. Our new observations at 7 mm, along with others in the literature, suggest that the formation of massive stars occurs through time-variable and violent accretion. C1 [De Pree, C. G.; Monsrud, A.] Agnes Scott Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Decatur, GA 30030 USA. [Peters, T.] Univ Zurich, Inst Comp Gestutzte Wissensch, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Peters, T.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-84748 Garching, Germany. [Mac Low, M. M.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Astrophys, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Mac Low, M. M.; Klessen, R. S.] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Inst Theoret Astrophys, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Wilner, D. J.; Keto, E. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Goss, W. M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Galvan-Madrid, R.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58090, Michoacan, Mexico. RP De Pree, CG (reprint author), Agnes Scott Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, 141 E Coll Ave, Decatur, GA 30030 USA. OI Wilner, David/0000-0003-1526-7587 FU NSF [AST-1211460, AST-1109395]; Humboldt Foundation; Forschungskredit of the University of Zurich [FK-13-112]; DFG priority program 1537 "Physics of the interstellar medium"; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SFB 881]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) via SPP (priority program) 1573, Physics of the ISM; European Research Council under the European Community [339177]; program UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT [IA101715] FX The authors thank the anonymous referee for comments and suggestions that improved the paper. The authors also thank J. Martin-Pintado for allowing us to utilize his 2001 7 mm observations of Sgr B2 North. C.D.P. and M.M.M.L. were supported by NSF grant AST-1211460. M.M.M.L. was additionally supported by NSF grant AST-1109395 and the Humboldt Foundation. T.P. acknowledges financial support through a Forschungskredit of the University of Zurich, grant No. FK-13-112, and from the DFG priority program 1537 "Physics of the interstellar medium." R.S.K. acknowledges support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) via the SFB 881 The Milky Way System (sub-projects B1, B2, B5, and B8), and the SPP (priority program) 1573, Physics of the ISM. He also thanks the European Research Council for significant funding under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) via the ERC Advanced Grant STARLIGHT (project number 339177). R.G.M. acknowledges support from program UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT IA101715. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 2 AR 123 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/2/123 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ5OG UT WOS:000367151300043 ER PT J AU Fong, W Berger, E Margutti, R Zauderer, BA AF Fong, W. Berger, E. Margutti, R. Zauderer, B. A. TI A DECADE OF SHORT-DURATION GAMMA-RAY BURST BROADBAND AFTERGLOWS: ENERGETICS, CIRCUMBURST DENSITIES, AND JET OPENING ANGLES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE catalogs; gamma-ray burst: general ID GRB OPTICAL AFTERGLOWS; COMPACT OBJECT MERGERS; MERGING NEUTRON-STARS; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; HOST GALAXY; BLACK-HOLES; LIGHT CURVES; SWIFT-ERA; HIGH-REDSHIFT; OFF-AXIS AB We present a comprehensive catalog and analysis of broadband afterglow observations for 103 short-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), comprised of all short GRBs from 2004 November to 2015 March with prompt follow-up observations in the X-ray, optical, near-infrared (NIR), and/or radio bands. These afterglow observations have uncovered 71 X-ray detections, 30 optical/NIR detections, and 4 radio detections. Employing the standard afterglow synchrotron model, we perform joint probability analyses for a subset of 38 short GRBs with well-sampled light curves to infer the burst isotropic-equivalent energies and circumburst densities. For this subset, we find median isotropic-equivalent 7-ray and kinetic energies of E-gamma,E-iso approximate to 2 x 10(51) erg, and E-K, (iso) approximate to (1-3) x 10(51) erg, respectively, depending on the values of the model input parameters. We further find that short GRBs occur in low-density environments, with a median density of n approximate to (3-15) x 10(-3) cm(-3), and that 80%-95% of bursts have densities of n less than or similar to 1 cm(-3). We investigate trends between the circumburst densities and host galaxy properties, and find that events located at large projected offsets of >10 effective radii from their hosts exhibit particularly low densities of n less than or similar to 10(-4) cm(-3), consistent with an intergalactic medium-like environment. Using late-time afterglow data for 11 events, we find a median jet opening angle of theta(j), = 16 +/- 10 degrees. We also calculate a median beaming factor of f(b) approximate to 0.04, leading to a beaming-corrected total energy release of E-true approximate to 1.6 x 10(50) erg. Furthermore, we calculate a beaming-corrected event rate of (sic)(true) = 270(180)(-)(+1580) Gpc(-3) yr(-1), or approximate to(+47)(-5) within a 200 Mpc volume, the Advanced LIGO/Virgo typical detection distance for NS-NS binaries. C1 [Fong, W.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Berger, E.; Margutti, R.; Zauderer, B. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Margutti, R.] NYU, New York, NY USA. RP Fong, W (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 North Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. OI Margutti, Raffaella/0000-0003-4768-7586 FU NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship grant [PF4-150121]; Chandra X-ray Observatory Center [G04-15055X]; NASA [NAS8-03060]; NSF [AST-1302954, AST-1107973]; James Arthur Fellowship at NYU; NASA/Swift grants FX We acknowledge Matthew Bayliss, Kathy Cooksey, Francesco Di Mille, Steven Elhert, Michael Florian, Tolga Guver, Traci Johnson, Dan Kelson, Michael McDonald, Andy Monson, David Osip, Benjamin Rackham, Nathan Sanders, Anil Seth, Meghin Spencer, Brian Stalder, Tony Stark, Rik Williams, and Amanda Zangari for their assistance in Magellan target-of-opportunity observations. Partial support for this work was provided by NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship grant number PF4-150121 and Chandra Award Number G04-15055X, issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. B.A.Z. acknowledges support from NSF grant AST-1302954, E.B. acknowledges partial support from NSF grant AST-1107973, and R.M. acknowledges support from the James Arthur Fellowship at NYU. Additional support was provided by several NASA/Swift grants. This work made use of data supplied by the UK Swift Science Data Centre at the University of Leicester. The scientific results reported in this article are in part based on observations made by the Chandra X-ray Observatory and data obtained from the Chandra Data Archive. This paper includes data gathered with the 6.5 m Magellan Telescopes located at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile. NR 245 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 2 AR 102 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/2/102 PG 41 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ5OG UT WOS:000367151300022 ER PT J AU Guzman, AE Sanhueza, P Contreras, Y Smith, HA Jackson, JM Hoq, S Rathborne, JM AF Guzman, Andres E. Sanhueza, Patricio Contreras, Yanett Smith, Howard A. Jackson, James M. Hoq, Sadia Rathborne, Jill M. TI FAR-INFRARED DUST TEMPERATURES AND COLUMN DENSITIES OF THE MALT90 MOLECULAR CLUMP SAMPLE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: clouds; stars: formation; stars: massive; surveys ID STAR-FORMING REGIONS; MASS PROTOSTELLAR CANDIDATES; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTION; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; MSX SOURCE SURVEY; DARK CLOUDS; GALACTIC PLANE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; ATLASGAL SURVEY AB We present dust column densities and dust temperatures for similar to 3000 young, high-mass molecular clumps from the Millimeter Astronomy Legacy Team 90 GHz survey, derived from adjusting single-temperature dust emission models to the far-infrared intensity maps measured between 160 and 870 mu m from the Herschel/Herschel Infrared Galactic Plane Survey (Hi-Gal) and APEX/APEX Telescope Large Area Survey of the Galaxy (ATLASGAL) surveys. We discuss the methodology employed in analyzing the data, calculating physical parameters, and estimating their uncertainties. The population average dust temperature of the clumps are 16.8 +/- 0.2 K for the clumps that do not exhibit mid-infrared signatures of star formation (quiescent clumps), 18.6 +/- 0.2 K for the clumps that display mid-infrared signatures of ongoing star formation but have not yet developed an H II region (protostellar clumps), and 23.7 +/- 0.2 and 28.1 +/- 0.3 K for clumps associated with H II and photo-dissociation regions, respectively. These four groups exhibit large overlaps in their temperature distributions, with dispersions ranging between 4 and 6 K. The median of the peak column densities of the protostellar clump population is 0.20 +/- 0.02 g cm(-2), which is about 50% higher compared to the median of the peak column densities associated with clumps in the other evolutionary stages. We compare the dust temperatures and column densities measured toward the center of the clumps with the mean values of each clump. We find that in the quiescent clumps, the dust temperature increases toward the outer regions and that these clumps are associated with the shallowest column density profiles. In contrast, molecular clumps in the protostellar or H II region phase have dust temperature gradients more consistent with internal heating and are associated with steeper column density profiles compared with the quiescent clumps. C1 [Guzman, Andres E.; Smith, Howard A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Guzman, Andres E.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Sanhueza, Patricio] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Contreras, Yanett; Rathborne, Jill M.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Contreras, Yanett] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Jackson, James M.; Hoq, Sadia] Boston Univ, Inst Astrophys Res, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Guzman, AE (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Guzman, Andres/0000-0003-0990-8990; Contreras, Yanett/0000-0002-6388-3635 FU NASA [NNX12AI55G, NNX10AD68G, NNX12AE42G]; CONICYT [PFB-06]; FONDECYT [3150570]; NSF [AST-1211844] FX A.E.G. and H.A.S. acknowledges support from NASA grants NNX12AI55G and NNX10AD68G. A.E.G. acknowledge partial support from CONICYT through project PFB-06 and FONDECYT grant 3150570. J.M.J. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX12AE42G and NSF grant AST-1211844. We thank G. Garay and an anonymous referee for careful reading and helpful comments. NR 96 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 2 AR 130 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/2/130 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ5OG UT WOS:000367151300050 ER PT J AU Milisavljevic, D Margutti, R Kamble, A Patnaude, DJ Raymond, JC Eldridge, JJ Fong, W Bietenholz, M Challis, P Chornock, R Drout, MR Fransson, C Fesen, RA Grindlay, JE Kirshner, RP Lunnan, R Mackey, J Miller, GF Parrent, JT Sanders, NE Soderberg, AM Zauderer, BA AF Milisavljevic, D. Margutti, R. Kamble, A. Patnaude, D. J. Raymond, J. C. Eldridge, J. J. Fong, W. Bietenholz, M. Challis, P. Chornock, R. Drout, M. R. Fransson, C. Fesen, R. A. Grindlay, J. E. Kirshner, R. P. Lunnan, R. Mackey, J. Miller, G. F. Parrent, J. T. Sanders, N. E. Soderberg, A. M. Zauderer, B. A. TI METAMORPHOSIS OF SN 2014C: DELAYED INTERACTION BETWEEN A HYDROGEN POOR CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVA AND A NEARBY CIRCUMSTELLAR SHELL SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE supernovae: general; supernovae: individual (SN 2014C) ID WOLF-RAYET STARS; YELLOW SUPERGIANT PROGENITOR; LUMINOUS BLUE VARIABLES; MASSIVE CLOSE BINARIES; IB SUPERNOVA; PRESUPERNOVA EVOLUTION; IIN SUPERNOVAE; MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; BURST AFTERGLOWS; TRANSIENT 080109 AB We present optical observations of supernova SN 2014C, which underwent an unprecedented slow metamorphosis from H-poor type Ib to H-rich type IIn over the course of one year. The observed spectroscopic evolution is consistent with the supernova having exploded in a cavity before encountering a massive shell of the progenitor star's stripped hydrogen envelope. Possible origins for the circumstellar shell include a brief Wolf-Rayet fast wind phase that overtook a slower red supergiant wind, eruptive ejection, or confinement of circumstellar material by external influences of neighboring stars. An extended high velocity Ha absorption feature seen in near-maximum light spectra implies that the progenitor star was not completely stripped of hydrogen at the time of core collapse. Archival pre-explosion Subaru Telescope Suprime-Cam and Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Planetary Camera. 2 images of the region obtained in 2009 show a coincident source that is most likely a compact massive star cluster in NGC 7331 that hosted the progenitor system. By comparing the emission properties of the source with stellar population models that incorporate interacting binary stars we estimate the age of the host cluster to be 30-300 Myr, and favor ages closer to 30 Myr in light of relatively strong Ha emission. SN 2014C is the best observed member of a class of core-collapse supernovae that fill the gap between events that interact strongly with dense, nearby environments immediately after explosion and those that never show signs of interaction. Better understanding of the frequency and nature of this intermediate population can contribute valuable information about the poorly understood final stages of stellar evolution. C1 [Milisavljevic, D.; Margutti, R.; Kamble, A.; Patnaude, D. J.; Raymond, J. C.; Challis, P.; Drout, M. R.; Grindlay, J. E.; Kirshner, R. P.; Lunnan, R.; Miller, G. F.; Parrent, J. T.; Sanders, N. E.; Soderberg, A. M.; Zauderer, B. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Eldridge, J. J.] Univ Auckland, Dept Phys, Auckland, New Zealand. [Fong, W.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Bietenholz, M.] Hartebeesthoek Radio Observ, ZA-1740 Krugersdorp, South Africa. [Bietenholz, M.] York Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada. [Chornock, R.] Ohio Univ, Clippinger Lab 251B, Dept Phys & Astron, Inst Astrophys, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Fransson, C.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, Oskar Klein Ctr, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Fesen, R. A.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Mackey, J.] Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. RP Milisavljevic, D (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM dmilisav@cfa.harvard.edu OI Lunnan, Ragnhild/0000-0001-9454-4639; Bietenholz, Michael/0000-0002-0592-4152; Margutti, Raffaella/0000-0003-4768-7586 FU NSF [AST-9987045]; NSF Telescope System Instrumentation Program (TSIP); Ohio Board of Regents; Ohio State University Office of Research; NASA [NAS5-26555]; NASA Office of Space Science [NNX09AF08G]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [1573] FX We thank an anonymous referee who provided many helpful comments and suggestions that improved the quality and presentation of this paper. Observations reported here were obtained at the MMT Observatory, a joint facility of the Smithsonian Institution and the University of Arizona, as well as the 6.5 m Magellan Telescopes located at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile. This paper uses data taken with the MODS spectrographs built with funding from NSF grant AST-9987045 and the NSF Telescope System Instrumentation Program (TSIP), with additional funds from the Ohio Board of Regents and the Ohio State University Office of Research. This research is based in part on data collected at the Subaru Telescope and obtained from SMOKA, which is operated by the Astronomy Data Center, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. Some of the data presented in this paper were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for MAST for non-HST data is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science via grant NNX09AF08G and by other grants and contracts. This paper made use of the Weizmann interactive supernova data repository (WISEREP), http://wiserep.weizmann.ac.il. D.M. thanks M. Shara and A. Pagnotta for helpful discussions. J.M. acknowledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft priority program 1573, "Physics of the Interstellar Medium." NR 132 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 2 AR 120 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/2/120 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ5OG UT WOS:000367151300040 ER PT J AU Morzinski, KM Males, JR Skemer, AJ Close, LM Hinz, PM Rodigas, TJ Puglisi, A Esposito, S Riccardi, A Pinna, E Xompero, M Briguglio, R Bailey, VP Follette, KB Kopon, D Weinberger, AJ Wu, YL AF Morzinski, Katie M. Males, Jared R. Skemer, Andy J. Close, Laird M. Hinz, Phil M. Rodigas, T. J. Puglisi, Alfio Esposito, Simone Riccardi, Armando Pinna, Enrico Xompero, Marco Briguglio, Runa Bailey, Vanessa P. Follette, Katherine B. Kopon, Derek Weinberger, Alycia J. Wu, Ya-Lin TI MAGELLAN ADAPTIVE OPTICS FIRST-LIGHT OBSERVATIONS OF THE EXOPLANET 13 PIC b. II. 3-5 mu m DIRECT IMAGING WITH MagA0+Clio, AND THE EMPIRICAL BOLOMETRIC LUMINOSITY OF A SELF-LUMINOUS GIANT PLANET SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE instrumentation: adaptive optics; planetary systems; planets and satellites: individual (Beta Pictoris b); stars: individual (Beta Pictoris) ID BETA-PICTORIS B; DIRECTLY IMAGED PLANET; LOW-MASS STARS; ORION TRAPEZIUM CLUSTER; BROWN DWARFS; HR 8799; EVOLUTIONARY MODELS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISK; EXTRASOLAR PLANET; ATMOSPHERIC METALLICITY AB Young giant exoplanets are a unique laboratory for understanding cool, low-gravity atmospheres. A quintessential example is the massive extrasolar planet beta Pic b, which is 9 AU from and embedded in the debris disk of the young nearby A6V star beta Pictoris. We observed the system with first light of the Magellan Adaptive Optics (MagAO) system. In Paper I we presented the first CCD detection of this planet with MagAO VisAO. Here we present four MagAO+Clio images of beta Pic b at 3.1 pm, 3.3 pm,, and M', including the first observation in the fundamental CH4 band. To remove systematic errors from the spectral energy distribution (SED), we re-calibrate the literature photometry and combine it with our own data, for a total of 22 independent measurements at 16 passbands from 0.99 to 4.8 mu m. Atmosphere models demonstrate the planet is cloudy but are degenerate in effective temperature and radius. The measured SED now covers >80% of the planet's energy, so we approach the bolometric luminosity empirically. We calculate the luminosity by extending the measured SED with a blackbody and integrating to find log(40i/L0) = 3.78 0.03. From our bolometric luminosity and an age of 23 +/- 3 Myr, hot-start evolutionary tracks give a mass of 12.7 +/- 0.3 M-Jup, radius of 1.45 +/- 0.02 R-Jup, and T-eff of 1708 +/- 23 K (model-dependent errors not included). Our empirically determined luminosity is in agreement with values from atmospheric models (typically -3.8 dex), but brighter than values from the field-dwarf bolometric correction (typically -3.9 dex), illustrating the limitations in comparing young exoplanets to old brown dwarfs. C1 [Morzinski, Katie M.; Males, Jared R.; Skemer, Andy J.; Close, Laird M.; Hinz, Phil M.; Wu, Ya-Lin] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Skemer, Andy J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Rodigas, T. J.; Weinberger, Alycia J.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Puglisi, Alfio; Esposito, Simone; Riccardi, Armando; Pinna, Enrico; Xompero, Marco; Briguglio, Runa] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Arcetri, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Bailey, Vanessa P.; Follette, Katherine B.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Kopon, Derek] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Morzinski, KM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. OI Riccardi, Armando/0000-0001-5460-2929; Morzinski, Katie/0000-0002-1384-0063 FU California Institute of Technology - NASA; Phoenix ARCS Foundation; NSF AAG; NASA; NSF [DGE-1143953] FX The MagAO system was developed with support from the NSF, MRI and TSIP programs. The VisAO camera was developed with help from the NSF ATI program. K.M.M. and J.R.M. were supported under contract with the California Institute of Technology, funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program. J.R.M. is grateful for the generous support of the Phoenix ARCS Foundation. L.M.C.'s and Y.-L.W.'s research were supported by NSF AAG and NASA Origins of Solar Systems grants. V.B. was supported in part by the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program (DGE-1143953). NR 119 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 2 AR 108 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/2/108 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ5OG UT WOS:000367151300028 ER PT J AU Piso, AMA Oberg, KI Birnstiel, T Murray-Clay, RA AF Piso, Ana-Maria A. Oeberg, Karin I. Birnstiel, Tilman Murray-Clay, Ruth A. TI C/O AND SNOWLINE LOCATIONS IN PROTOPLANETARY DISKS: THE EFFECT OF RADIAL DRIFT AND VISCOUS GAS ACCRETION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrochemistry; protoplanetary disks ID LOW-MASS STARS; PLANET FORMATION; GRAIN-GROWTH; THERMAL-DESORPTION; SOLAR NEBULA; EVOLUTION; LINE; WATER; PROTOSTELLAR; PLANETESIMALS AB The C/O ratio is a defining feature of both gas giant atmospheric and protoplanetary disk chemistry. In disks, the C/O ratio is regulated by the presence of snowlines of major volatiles at different distances from the central star. We explore the effect of the radial drift of solids and viscous gas accretion onto the central star on the snowline locations of the main C and 0 carriers in a protoplanetary disk, H2O, CO2, and CO, and their consequences for the C/O ratio in gas and dust throughout the disk. We determine the snowline locations for a range of fixed initial particle sizes and disk types. For our fiducial disk model, we find that grains with sizes similar to 0.5 cm less than or similar to s less than or similar to 7 m for an irradiated disk and similar to 0.001 cm less than or similar to s less than or similar to 7 m for an evolving and viscous disk desorb at a size-dependent location in the disk, which is independent of the particle's initial position. The snowline radius decreases for larger particles, up to sizes of 7 m. Compared to a static disk, we find that radial drift and gas accretion in a viscous disk move the H20 snowline inwards by up to 40%, the CO2 snowline by up to 60%, and the CO snowline by up to 50%. We thus determine an inner limit on the snowline locations when radial drift and gas accretion are accounted for. C1 [Piso, Ana-Maria A.; Oeberg, Karin I.; Birnstiel, Tilman] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Birnstiel, Tilman] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Murray-Clay, Ruth A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Piso, AMA (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Birnstiel, Tilman/0000-0002-1899-8783 NR 56 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 2 AR 109 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/2/109 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ5OG UT WOS:000367151300029 ER PT J AU Scolnic, D Casertano, S Riess, A Rest, A Schlafly, E Foley, RJ Finkbeiner, D Tang, C Burgett, WS Chambers, KC Draper, PW Flewelling, H Hodapp, KW Huber, ME Kaiser, N Kudritzki, RP Magnier, EA Metcalfe, N Stubbs, CW AF Scolnic, D. Casertano, S. Riess, A. Rest, A. Schlafly, E. Foley, R. J. Finkbeiner, D. Tang, C. Burgett, W. S. Chambers, K. C. Draper, P. W. Flewelling, H. Hodapp, K. W. Huber, M. E. Kaiser, N. Kudritzki, R. P. Magnier, E. A. Metcalfe, N. Stubbs, C. W. TI SUPERCAL: CROSS-CALIBRATION OF MULTIPLE PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEMS TO IMPROVE COSMOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS WITH TYPE Ia SUPERNOVAE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dark energy; supernovae: general surveys ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; LIGHT CURVES; STANDARD STARS; PAN-STARRS1 SURVEY; DATA RELEASE; SDSS-II; TELESCOPE; CONSTRAINTS; LIBRARY; LAMBDA AB Current cosmological analyses, which use Type Ia supernova observations, combine supernova (SN) samples to expand the redshift range beyond that of a single sample and increase the overall sample size. The inhomogeneous photometric calibration between different SN samples is one of the largest systematic uncertainties of the cosmological parameter estimation. To place these different samples on a single system, analyses currently use observations of a small sample of very bright flux standards on the Hubble Space Telescope system. We propose a complementary method, called "Supercal," in which we use measurements of secondary standards in each system, compare these to measurements of the same stars in the Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) system, and determine the offsets for each system relative to PS 1, placing all SN observations on a single, consistent photometric system. PS1 has observed 3 pi of the sky and has a relative calibration of better than 5 mmag (for 15 < griz < 21 mag), making it an ideal reference system. We use this process to recalibrate optical observations taken by the following SN samples: PS1, Supernova Legacy Survey, SDSS, CSP, and CfA1-4. We measure discrepancies on average of 10 mmag, but up to 35 mmag, in various optical passbands. We find that correcting for these differences changes the recovered values for the dark energy equation of state parameter, w, by an average of 2.6%. This change is roughly half the size of current statistical constraints on w. The size of this effect strongly depends on the error in the B - V calibration of the low-z surveys. The Supercal method will allow future analyses to tie past samples to the best calibrated sample. C1 [Scolnic, D.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Casertano, S.; Riess, A.; Rest, A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Riess, A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Schlafly, E.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Foley, R. J.; Tang, C.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Foley, R. J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Finkbeiner, D.; Stubbs, C. W.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Burgett, W. S.] GMTO Corp, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Chambers, K. C.; Flewelling, H.; Hodapp, K. W.; Huber, M. E.; Kaiser, N.; Kudritzki, R. P.; Magnier, E. A.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Draper, P. W.; Metcalfe, N.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Sci Labs, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Stubbs, C. W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Scolnic, D (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM dscolnic@kicp.uchicago.edu OI Chambers, Kenneth /0000-0001-6965-7789; Flewelling, Heather/0000-0002-1050-4056; Schlafly, Edward Ford/0000-0002-3569-7421 FU National Science Foundation [PHY-1066293, AST-1238877, AST-1518052]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate [NNX08AR22G]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; NASA [14-WPS14-0048] FX We dedicate this paper to Talia Sam Scolnic. We thank Marc Betoule, Nicolas Regnault, Malcolm Hicken, Andrew Pickles, and Mark Phillips for their comments. This work was performed in part at the Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by National Science Foundation grant PHY-1066293.; The PS1 Surveys have been made possible through contributions of the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, Queen's University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, and Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE).; R.J.F. gratefully acknowledges support from NASA grant 14-WPS14-0048, NSF grant AST-1518052, and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 2 AR 117 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/2/117 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ5OG UT WOS:000367151300037 ER PT J AU Zhang, S Hailey, CJ Mori, K Clavel, M Terrier, R Ponti, G Goldwurm, A Bauer, FE Boggs, SE Christensen, FE Craig, WW Harrison, FA Hong, J Nynka, M Soldi, S Stern, D Tomsick, JA Zhang, WW AF Zhang, Shuo Hailey, Charles J. Mori, Kaya Clavel, Maica Terrier, Regis Ponti, Gabriele Goldwurm, Andrea Bauer, Franz E. Boggs, Steven E. Christensen, Finn E. Craig, William W. Harrison, Fiona A. Hong, Jaesub Nynka, Melania Soldi, Simona Stern, Daniel Tomsick, John A. Zhang, William W. TI HARD X-RAY MORPHOLOGICAL AND SPECTRAL STUDIES OF THE GALACTIC CENTER MOLECULAR CLOUD SGR B2: CONSTRAINING PAST SGR A(star) FLARING ACTIVITY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: center; ISM: clouds; X-rays: individual (Sgr B2); X-rays: ISM ID SAGITTARIUS-A-ASTERISK; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; 6.4 KEV LINE; CENTER REGION; STAR-FORMATION; COSMIC-RAYS; XMM-NEWTON; CHANDRA OBSERVATIONS; NONTHERMAL EMISSION; BRIGHTEST FLARE AB In 2013, NuSTAR observed the Sgr B2 region and for the first time resolved its hard X-ray emission on subarcminute scales. Two prominent features are detected above 10 keV:. a newly emerging cloud, G0.66-0.13, and the central 90 '' radius region containing two compact cores, Sgr B2(M) and Sgr B2(N), surrounded by diffuse emission. It is inconclusive whether the remaining level of Sgr. B2 emission is still decreasing or has reached a constant background level. A decreasing X-ray emission can be best explained by the X-ray reflection nebula scenario, where the cloud reprocesses a past giant outburst from Sgr A(star). In the X-ray reflection nebula (XRN) scenario, the 3-79 keV Sgr. B2 spectrum allows us to self-consistently test the XRN model using both the Fe K alpha line and the continuum emission. The peak luminosity of the past Sgr A(star) outburst is constrained to L3-79keV similar to 5 x 10(38) ergs s(-1). A newly discovered cloud feature, G0.66-0.13, shows different timing variability. We suggest that it could be a molecular clump located in the Sgr B2 envelope reflecting the same Sgr A(star) outburst. In contrast, if the Sgr. B2 X-ray emission has reached a constant background level, it would imply an origin of low-energy cosmic-ray (CR) proton bombardment. In this scenario, from the NuSTAR measurements we infer a CR ion power of dW/dt = (1 - 4) x 10(39) erg s(-1) and a CR ionization rate of zeta(H) = (6 - 10) x 10(-15) H-1 s(-1). measurements can become powerful tools to constrain the GC CR population. C1 [Zhang, Shuo; Hailey, Charles J.; Mori, Kaya; Nynka, Melania] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Clavel, Maica; Goldwurm, Andrea] CEA Saclay, Serv Astrophys, IRFU, DSM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Terrier, Regis; Goldwurm, Andrea; Soldi, Simona] Unite Mixte Rech Astroparticule & Cosmol, F-75205 Paris, France. [Ponti, Gabriele] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Bauer, Franz E.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile. [Bauer, Franz E.] Millennium Inst Astrophys, Santiago, Chile. [Bauer, Franz E.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Boggs, Steven E.; Craig, William W.; Tomsick, John A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Christensen, Finn E.] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Space Natl Space Inst, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Craig, William W.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Harrison, Fiona A.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Hong, Jaesub] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Stern, Daniel] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Zhang, William W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Xray Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Zhang, S (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM shuo@astro.columbia.edu RI Boggs, Steven/E-4170-2015; OI Boggs, Steven/0000-0001-9567-4224; Clavel, Maica/0000-0003-0724-2742 FU NASA [NNG08FD60C]; ESA Member States; NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program [NNX13AM31]; CONICYT-Chile; Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism's Millennium Science Initiative; EU Marie Curie Intra European fellowship [FP-PEOPLE-2012-IEF-331095]; Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Technologie/Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft-und Raumfahrt (BMWI/DLR) [FKZ 50 OR 1408]; Max Planck Society; CNES FX This work was supported under NASA Contract No. NNG08FD60C and made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by NASA. We thank the NuSTAR Operations, Software, and Calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. This research has made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS) jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA). This research has also made use of data obtained with XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with instruments and contribution directly funded by ESA Member States and NASA. S.Z. is supported by NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program-Grant "NNX13AM31." F.E.B. acknowledges support from CONICYT-Chile and the Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism's Millennium Science Initiative. G.P. acknowledges support via an EU Marie Curie Intra European fellowship under contract no. FP-PEOPLE-2012-IEF-331095 and Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Technologie/Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft-und Raumfahrt (BMWI/DLR, FKZ 50 OR 1408) and the Max Planck Society. M.C., A.G., R.T., and S.S. acknowledge support by CNES. NR 61 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 20 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 2 AR 132 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/2/132 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ5OG UT WOS:000367151300052 ER PT J AU Erwin, DH AF Erwin, Douglas H. TI Early metazoan life: divergence, environment and ecology SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE metazoa; Cryogenian; Ediacaran; redox; molecular clock; innovation ID GENE REGULATORY NETWORKS; CAMBRIAN EXPLOSION; ANIMAL EVOLUTION; NERVOUS SYSTEMS; ORIGINS; OXYGEN; PHYLOGENY; HISTORY; SPONGES; EUKARYOTES AB Recent molecular clock studies date the origin of Metazoa to 750-800 million years ago (Ma), roughly coinciding with evidence from geochemical proxies that oxygen levels rose from less than 0.1% present atmospheric level (PAL) to perhaps 1-3% PAL O-2. A younger origin of Metazoa would require greatly increased substitution rates across many clades and many genes; while not impossible, this is less parsimonious. Yet the first fossil evidence for metazoans (the Doushantuo embryos) about 600 Ma is followed by the Ediacaran fossils after 580 Ma, the earliest undisputed bilaterians at 555 Ma, and an increase in the size and morphologic complexity of bilaterians around 542 Ma. This temporal framework suggests a missing 150-200 Myr of early metazoan history that encompasses many apparent novelties in the early evolution of the nervous system. This span includes two major glaciations, and complex marine geochemical changes including major changes in redox and other environmental changes. One possible resolution is that animals of these still unknown Cryogenian and early Ediacaran ecosystems were relatively simple, with highly conserved developmental genes involved in cell-type specification and simple patterning. In this model, complex nervous systems are a convergent phenomenon in bilaterian clades which occurred close to the time that larger metazoans appeared in the fossil record. C1 [Erwin, Douglas H.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, MRC 121, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Erwin, DH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, MRC 121, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM erwind@si.edu FU NASA Astrobiology Institute through MIT node FX This research was supported by a NASA Astrobiology Institute grant to D.H.E. through the MIT node. NR 63 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 29 U2 83 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 EI 1471-2970 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD DEC 19 PY 2015 VL 370 IS 1684 AR 20150036 DI 10.1098/rstb.2015.0036 PG 7 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA CW2ZO UT WOS:000364861900002 ER PT J AU Keppel, E Tovar-Hernandez, MA Ruiz, G AF Keppel, Erica Tovar-Hernandez, Maria Ana Ruiz, Gregory TI First record and establishment of Branchiomma coheni (Polychaeta: Sabellidae) in the Atlantic Ocean and review of non-indigenous species of the genus SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Sabellid; non-indigenous species (NIS); Panama Canal; biological invasions; shipping; fouling; Gulf of California; Gulf of Mexico; Florida ID MEDITERRANEAN SEA; ANNELIDA POLYCHAETA; MARINE; COAST; BAIRDI; PANAMA; WORMS; INVERTEBRATES; CONSEQUENCES; REPRODUCTION AB Sabellidae are among the most visible polychaetes of the hard substrate fouling communities and are colonizing new geographic areas. The fouling community was surveyed in 25 shallow coastal estuaries on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of the United States with the specific goal of detecting non-indigenous species. During surveys in 2012 and 2014, specimens of Branchiomma coheni Tovar-Hernandez and Knight-Jones, 2006 were found for the first time in Tampa Bay, Florida, occurring at the same marina site (27 degrees 53'7.58"N, 82 degrees 32'2.29"W) each year and suggesting it is established here. The species was not detected at other sites surveyed in the United States, and has not been reported from the eastern Atlantic or the Mediterranean basin. Type material of B. coheni, specimens from southern Gulf of California, and specimens from the Pacific coast of Mexico, were used to corroborate identification. The transfer of this species by ships via the Panama Canal is a probable mechanism of introduction, based on the current known distribution and shipping traffic patterns. This represents the first record of the species in the Atlantic Ocean. A worldwide update of the records of this species and a list of valid species of the genus Branchiomma with notes on introduced populations are provided, as well as recommendations for accurate identification and sampling. C1 [Keppel, Erica; Ruiz, Gregory] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Keppel, Erica] CNR, Italian Natl Res Council, ISMAR Inst Marine Sci, I-30122 Venice, Italy. [Tovar-Hernandez, Maria Ana] Geomare, Mazatlan 82110, Sinaloa, Mexico. RP Keppel, E (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, POB 28,647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM keppele@si.edu RI Keppel, Erica/E-9215-2016; OI Keppel, Erica/0000-0002-3969-7947; Ruiz, Gregory/0000-0003-2499-441X NR 114 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 8 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 18 PY 2015 VL 4058 IS 4 BP 499 EP 518 PG 20 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CZ1CA UT WOS:000366842100003 PM 26701542 ER PT J AU Chipman, AD AF Chipman, Ariel D. TI An embryological perspective on the early arthropod fossil record SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arthropods; Paleontology; Evo-devo; Embryology; Germband; Cambrian Explosion ID CENTIPEDE STRIGAMIA-MARITIMA; GREAT-APPENDAGE ARTHROPOD; CAMBRIAN BURGESS SHALE; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT; ONCOPELTUS-FASCIATUS; GENE-EXPRESSION; EUPERIPATOIDES-KANANGRENSIS; PARHYALE-HAWAIENSIS; MILKWEED BUG AB Background: Our understanding of the early evolution of the arthropod body plan has recently improved significantly through advances in phylogeny and developmental biology and through new interpretations of the fossil record. However, there has been limited effort to synthesize data from these different sources. Bringing an embryological perspective into the fossil record is a useful way to integrate knowledge from different disciplines into a single coherent view of arthropod evolution. Results: I have used current knowledge on the development of extant arthropods, together with published descriptions of fossils, to reconstruct the germband stages of a series of key taxa leading from the arthropod lower stem group to crown group taxa. These reconstruction highlight the main evolutionary transitions that have occurred during early arthropod evolution, provide new insights into the types of mechanisms that could have been active and suggest new questions and research directions. Conclusions: The reconstructions suggest several novel homology hypotheses - e.g. the lower stem group head shield and head capsules in the crown group are all hypothesized to derive from the embryonic head lobes. The homology of anterior segments in different groups is resolved consistently. The transition between "lower-stem" and "upper-stem" arthropods is highlighted as a major transition with a concentration of novelties and innovations, suggesting a gap in the fossil record. A close relationship between chelicerates and megacheirans is supported by the embryonic reconstructions, and I suggest that the depth of the mandibulate-chelicerate split should be reexamined. C1 [Chipman, Ariel D.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Chipman, Ariel D.] Smithsonian Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC USA. RP Chipman, AD (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, Edmond J Safra Campus, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. EM ariel.chipman@huji.ac.il FU Hebrew University of Jerusalem; NASAAstrobiology Institute [NNA13AA90A] FX This work was carried out while I was on sabbatical at the Department of Paleobiology at the Smithsonian National Natural History Museum. I am grateful to members of the department for a stimulating working environment and for numerous discussions. I would specifically like to thank Doug Erwin, who hosted me and encouraged me throughout this project, and Sarah Tweedt and Carl Simpson for discussions. This work also benefited from discussions with Nick Strausfeld and Greg Edgecombe. Joachim Haug and Jo Wolfe provided valuable criticism and corrected errors in a previous version of the manuscript. The final preparation of the manuscript was done while I was a Whiteley scholar at Friday Harbor Labs. The sabbatical was funded by the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and by NASAAstrobiology Institute (Grant# NNA13AA90A) (to Doug Erwin). NR 95 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 31 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2148 J9 BMC EVOL BIOL JI BMC Evol. Biol. PD DEC 18 PY 2015 VL 15 AR 285 DI 10.1186/s12862-015-0566-z PG 18 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CY8WI UT WOS:000366689000003 PM 26678148 ER PT J AU Bratkovics, S Wirth, E Sapozhnikova, Y Pennington, P Sanger, D AF Bratkovics, Stephanie Wirth, Edward Sapozhnikova, Yelena Pennington, Paul Sanger, Denise TI Baseline monitoring of organic sunscreen compounds along South Carolina's coastal marine environment SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Sunscreens; LC-MS/MS; Seawater; Beach use ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; UV FILTERS; SURFACE WATERS; BATHING WATERS; SWIMMING POOL; SWISS LAKES; WASTE-WATER; EXTRACTION; ARRAY AB Organic ultraviolet filters (UV-F) are increasingly being used in personal care products to protect skin and other products from the damaging effects of UV radiation. In this study, marine water was collected monthly for approximately one year from six coastal South Carolina, USA sites and analyzed for the occurrence of seven organic chemicals used as UV filters (avobenzone, dioxybenzone, octocrylene, octinoxate, oxybenzone, padimate-o and sulisobenzone). The results were used to examine the relationship between beach use and the distribution of UV-F compounds along coastal South Carolina, USA Five of the seven target analytes were detected in seawater along coastal South Carolina during this study. Dioxybenzone and sulisobenzone were not detected. The highest concentrations measured were >3700 ng octociylene/L and similar to 2200 ng oxybenzone/L and beach use was greatest at this site; a local beach front park. Patterns in concentrations were assessed based on season and a measure of beach use. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bratkovics, Stephanie] Coll Charleston, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Wirth, Edward; Pennington, Paul] NCCOS, NOS, NOAA, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Sapozhnikova, Yelena] JHT Inc, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Sanger, Denise] SC Dept Nat Resources, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Wirth, Edward] NCCOS, NOS, NOAA, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. RP Bratkovics, S (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Dept Soil Chem, Panama City, Panama. EM sdbratko@gmail.com; ed.wirth@noaa.gov NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 101 IS 1 BP 370 EP 377 DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.10.015 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DA2MV UT WOS:000367630700054 PM 26541983 ER PT J AU Falcon-Lang, HJ Minter, NJ Bashforth, AR Gibling, MR Miller, RF AF Falcon-Lang, Howard J. Minter, Nicholas J. Bashforth, Arden R. Gibling, Martin R. Miller, Randall F. TI Mid-Carboniferous diversification of continental ecosystems inferred from trace fossil suites in the Tynemouth Creek Formation of New Brunswick, Canada SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pennsylvanian; Fluvial megafan; Ichnology; Euryhaline; Freshwater; Colonization ID SOUTHERN NEW-BRUNSWICK; DISTRIBUTIVE FLUVIAL SYSTEMS; PENNSYLVANIAN JOGGINS FORMATION; BOSS POINT FORMATION; CAPE-BRETON ISLAND; FRESH-WATER; NOVA-SCOTIA; ATLANTIC CANADA; EASTERN CANADA; PALEOENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS AB We report Skolithos, Scoyenia and Mermia Ichnofacies from sub-humid tropical fluvial megafan deposits in the Lower Pennsylvanian Tynemouth Creek Formation of New Brunswick, Canada, and discuss their evolutionary and palaeoecological implications, especially regarding the colonization of continental freshwater/terrestrial environments. The Skolithos Ichnofacies comprises annelid/arthropod spreite in the upper storey of a fluvial channel. The Scoyenia Ichnofacies comprises tetrapod tracks, arthropleurid tradovays, and shallow annelid/arthropod burrows in active/abandoned fluvial channels and rapidly aggrading levees/splays in proximal interfluve areas. The Mermia lchnofacies comprises abundant xiphosuran trackways, along with diverse traces of other arthropods, annelids, mollusks, and fish, in shallow freshwater lakes, ponds, and coastal bays in slowly aggrading distal interfluve areas. Transitional Mermia/Scoyenia Ichnofacies comprise tetrapod, mollusk and annelid/arthropod traces in coastal bay deposits on the distal edge of the megafan. These trace fossil suites (1) provide the clearest documentation yet of the mid-Carboniferous diversification event, when tropical continental environments became more densely populated; (2) suggest that euryhaline visitors (xiphosurans, microconchids, and other taxa) from open marine settings played a key role in this episode of freshwater colonization; and (3) provide empirical support for the "MA vu Effect", the evolutionary concept that new or empty ecospace, recurrent in spatially and temporally variable environments, is colonized by simple ichnocoenoses. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Falcon-Lang, Howard J.] Univ London, Dept Earth Sci, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. [Minter, Nicholas J.] Univ Portsmouth, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Portsmouth PO1 3QL, Hants, England. [Bashforth, Arden R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Bashforth, Arden R.] Univ Illinois, Illinois State Geol Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Gibling, Martin R.] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Miller, Randall F.] New Brunswick Museum, Dept Nat Sci, St John, NB E2K 1E5, Canada. RP Falcon-Lang, HJ (reprint author), Univ London, Dept Earth Sci, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England. EM h.falcon-lang@es.rhul.ac.uk FU NERC Advanced Fellowship [NE/F014120/2]; G.F. Matthew Fellowship of the New Brunswick Museum; J.B. Tyrell Fund of the Geological Society of London; Winston Churchill Memorial Trust Travelling Fellowship; Government of Canada; SSHRC-CURA project [833-2003-1015]; Canada Graduate Scholarship from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); NSERC; Izaak Walton Killam Predoctoral Scholarship from Dalhousie University; Smithsonian Institution; AJ Boucot Research Grant from the Paleontological Society; NSERC Discovery Grant FX HFL gratefully acknowledges receipt of a NERC Advanced Fellowship (NE/F014120/2), the G.F. Matthew Fellowship (2005) of the New Brunswick Museum, the J.B. Tyrell Fund (2009) of the Geological Society of London, and a Winston Churchill Memorial Trust Travelling Fellowship (2011). NJM acknowledges funding through the Government of Canada Post-doctoral Research Fellowship under the Commonwealth Scholarship Programme, and the G.F. Matthew Fellowship (2013) of the New Brunswick Museum. RFM acknowledges the support of the SSHRC-CURA project (833-2003-1015) to study the history of geology in the Saint John, New Brunswick region. ARB acknowledges receipt of the G.F. Matthew Fellowship (2008) of the New Brunswick Museum, in addition to support from a Canada Graduate Scholarship from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), a Post-doctoral Fellowship from NSERC, an Izaak Walton Killam Predoctoral Scholarship from Dalhousie University, funding from the Smithsonian Institution and an AJ Boucot Research Grant from the Paleontological Society. MRG acknowledges funding from an NSERC Discovery Grant. We are grateful for the constructive reviews from Neil Davies and Renata Netto. Finally, we thank Gary and Cheryl Soucy and Charles and Olive Wallace for access across their properties to the Tynemouth Creek headland and McCoy Head localities, respectively. NR 148 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-0182 EI 1872-616X J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 440 BP 142 EP 160 DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.09.002 PG 19 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology GA CY6SS UT WOS:000366539700013 ER PT J AU Meijer, HJM Kurniawan, I Setiabudi, E Brumm, A Sutikna, T Setiawan, R van den Bergh, GD AF Meijer, H. J. M. Kurniawan, I. Setiabudi, E. Brumm, A. Sutikna, T. Setiawan, R. van den Bergh, G. D. TI Avian remains from the Early/Middle Pleistocene of the So'a Basin, central Flores, Indonesia, and their palaeoenvironmental significance SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aves; Flores; Hominin; Palaeoecology; Pleistocene; Wallacea ID INSULAR SOUTHEAST-ASIA; STONE ARTIFACTS; HOMO-ERECTUS; LIANG-BUA; ISLAND; AVES; PALEOECOLOGY; BIOGEOGRAPHY; ANSERIFORMES; EVOLUTION AB The So'a Basin in central Flores contains the earliest known evidence for hominins on this remote Indonesian island, with stone tools from this region dating back at least 1.0 Ma. At least 16 late Early to early Middle Pleistocene terrestrial fossil localities record evidence for highly insular endemic faunas and proxy evidence for hominins. The hominin presence in the So'a Basin raises many questions as to how, when, and from where hominins arrived on the island, and key issues regarding their adaptation to this insular environment remain poorly understood. Here, we provide palaeoenvironmental data based on avian remains recovered during recent, systematic excavations of late Early to early Middle Pleistocene deposits at Mata Menge and Bo'a Leza in the So'a Basin. At least six species of birds in five avian orders were recovered, forming the oldest bird remains recovered from Wallacea. Two species, a swan (Cygnus sp.) and an eagle owl (Bubo sp.), no longer occur on Flores. The avian assemblage from Mata Menge and Bo'a Leza described here is indicative of an open environment with a strong open, freshwater component and nearby grasslands, and with forests at a distance. In that, it differs from the Late Pleistocene limestone cave site of Liang Bua, the find locality of Homo floresiensis, and is more similar to the Early Pleistocene Homo erectus sites of the Sangiran Dome on Java. Although little is known regarding the identity of the So'a Basin toolmakers, the presence of an open, savannah-type environment in the late Early to early Middle Pleistocene of Flores may have facilitated their dispersal from the Asian shelf into Wallacea. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Meijer, H. J. M.] Inst Catala Paleontol Miqual Crusafont, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Meijer, H. J. M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Anthropol, Human Origins Program, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Kurniawan, I.; Setiabudi, E.; Setiawan, R.] Geol Museum, Bandung 40122, Indonesia. [Brumm, A.] Griffith Univ, Environm Futures Res Inst, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. [Sutikna, T.] Natl Ctr Archaeol, Jakarta 12510, Indonesia. [Sutikna, T.; van den Bergh, G. D.] Univ Wollongong, Ctr Archaeol Sci, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia. RP Meijer, HJM (reprint author), Senckenberg Forschungsinst & Nat Museum, Dept Ornithol, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany. EM Hanneke.Meijer@senckenberg.de RI Meijer, Hanneke/A-1912-2013 OI Meijer, Hanneke/0000-0001-7066-6869 FU Australian Research Council (A.R.C.) [DP1093342]; Beatriu de Pinos Postdoctoral Fellowship [BP-B-00174]; Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad [CGL2011-28681]; SYNTHESYS Project - European Community Research Infrastructure Action under the FP7 "Capacities" Program; Society for the Advancement of Research in the Tropics; A.R.C. [FT100100384] FX The So'a Basin research project is funded by Australian Research Council (A.R.C.) grant DP1093342. HJMM received support for this research from a Beatriu de Pinos Postdoctoral Fellowship (BP-B-00174 to HJMM), the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (CGL2011-28681), the SYNTHESYS Project http://www.synthesys.info/, which is financed by European Community Research Infrastructure Action under the FP7 "Capacities" Program, and the Society for the Advancement of Research in the Tropics. GDvdB was supported by A.R.C. grant FT100100384. For permission to undertake this research, we thank the Indonesian State Ministry of Research and Technology (RISTEK), the former Head of the Geological Agency (R. Sukyiar), the successive directors of the Geological Survey Institute (G.S.I.) (Y. Kusumahbrata and S. Permanadewi), and the Geology Museum in Bandung (S. Baskoro). Further research permissions were issued by the provincial government of East Nusatenggara at Kupang and the local administration of the Ngada District in central Flores. We thank Robert Prys-Jones (NHM, UK), Helen James, Brian Schmidt and MeganSpitzer ( NMNH,USA), and Gerald Mayr (SMF, Germany) for access to collections. Marcos Cenizo and an anonymous reviewer provided helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-0182 EI 1872-616X J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 440 BP 161 EP 171 DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.08.042 PG 11 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology GA CY6SS UT WOS:000366539700014 ER PT J AU Ding, Q Labandeira, CC Meng, Q Ren, D AF Ding, Qiaoling Labandeira, Conrad C. Meng, Qingmin Ren, Dong TI Insect herbivory, plant-host specialization and tissue partitioning on mid-Mesozoic broadleaved conifers of Northeastern China SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Component community; External foliage feeding; Galling; Oviposition; Piercing and sucking; Plant-insect associations ID CRETACEOUS ECOSYSTEM; ARTHROPOD; BENNETTITALES; ASSOCIATIONS; ANGIOSPERM; PATHOGENS; HABITATS; DEFENSE AB Insect-mediated damage was examined on 756 specimens of three broadleaved conifers Podozamites, Lindleycladus and Liaoningocladus, originating from five mid-Mesozoic localities in Northeastern China. These localities are the Late Triassic Yangcaogou Fm. (T3, ca. 205 Ma), the latest Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Fm. 02, 165 Ma), and the mid Early Cretaceous Yixian Fm. (K1, 125 Ma). Plant hosts from these three time intervals harbor five functional feeding groups (FFGs) of herbivores and 23 distinctive damage types (DTs), categorized using the widely applied DT system. The DTs were classified into the five FFGs of external foliage feeding (6 DTs), piercing and sucking (5 DTs), oviposition (3 DTs), galling (8 DTs) and leaf mining (1 DT). Damage-type richness and abundance was established for each FFG, encompassing from 10 to 16 DTs for each of the three time intervals examined. For this 80 million-year-long interval, foliar herbivory on broadleaved conifers was transformed from early predominance of external foliage feeding (T3), later replaced by an emphasis on piercing and sucking (J2), followed by bimodal expansion of endophytic interactions from oviposition and leaf mining (K1). This trajectory of herbivore succession indicates that, from T3 to 1(1, plant insect associations were transformed from earlier reliance on a greater number of exophytic modes of herbivory to a later, increased variety in endophytic consumption. The transformation also was demonstrated by finer-grained partitioning of food resources and specialization on particular host-plant tissue types. This subdivision of tissue types likely promoted greater dietary saturation of tissue space by functional feeding groups. Possible explanations for these shifts in herbivory include ecological causes, long-term environmental changes, or both. Ecological factors, such as (i), evolution of a more differentiated plant-host spectrum available for consumption; (ii), long-term changes in plant physiognomy and deployment of antiherbivore defenses; (iii), change in herbivore partitioning of plant-host tissues; and (iv), emergence of the parasitoid guild for efficient regulation of insect herbivores. Long-term environmental variables may be linked to these shifts in insect herbivory style. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ding, Qiaoling; Ren, Dong] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Life Sci, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Ding, Qiaoling; Labandeira, Conrad C.; Meng, Qingmin; Ren, Dong] Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 21740 USA. RP Labandeira, CC (reprint author), Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. EM labandec@si.edu; rendong@mail.cnu.edu.cn FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2012CB821906]; National Science Foundation of China [31230065, 41272006]; Great Wall Scholar and KEY Project of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education [KZ201310028033]; Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University [IRT13081] FX Many thanks go to Torsten Wappler (Steinmann Institut fur Geologie, Mineralogie und Palaontologie; Bonn, Germany), Tao Su (Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden; Xishuangbanna, China), David Kenfack (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama City, Panama), Don Davis (NMNH, Entomology; Washington, U.S.A.), Alexander Konstantinov (USDA, Systematic Entomology Laboratory; Washington, U.S.A.), Sun Ge (Shengyang Normal University; Shengyang, China), Sandra Schachat (NMNH, Paleobiology; Washington, U.S.A.), and Qiang Yang (Geoscience Museum, Shijiazhuang University of Economics; Shijiazhuang, China) for helpful advice and commentary. We appreciate the assistance provided by Martha Rosen and Polly Lasker from the NMNH Main Library and Richard Greene from the NMNH Entomology Library. Finnegan Marsh adeptly produced many of the figures. This research is supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (grant 2012CB821906), the National Science Foundation of China (grants 31230065, 41272006), Great Wall Scholar and KEY Project of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education (grant KZ201310028033) and the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (grant IRT13081). This is contribution 165 of the Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems consortium at the National Museum of Natural History, in Washington, D.C., U.S.A. NR 76 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-0182 EI 1872-616X J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 440 BP 259 EP 273 DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.09.007 PG 15 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology GA CY6SS UT WOS:000366539700021 ER PT J AU Gagan, MK Ayliffe, LK Smith, GK Hellstrom, JC Scott-Gagan, H Drysdale, RN Anderson, N Suwargadi, BW Aplin, KP Zhao, JX Groves, CW Hantoro, WS Djubiantono, T AF Gagan, Michael K. Ayliffe, Linda K. Smith, Garry K. Hellstrom, John C. Scott-Gagan, Heather Drysdale, Russell N. Anderson, Neil Suwargadi, Bambang W. Aplin, Ken P. Zhao, Jian-xin Groves, Colin W. Hantoro, Wahyoe S. Djubiantono, Tony TI Geoarchaeological finds below Liang Bua (Flores, Indonesia): A split-level cave system for Homo floresiensis? SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Liang Bua; Homo floresiensis; Geoarchaeology; Faunal remains; U-Th dating; Late Pleistocene ID ISLAND SOUTHEAST-ASIA; U-SERIES; LATE-PLEISTOCENE; LOS HUESOS; EASTERN INDONESIA; AUSTRALOPITHECUS-SEDIBA; MAMMALIAN ASSEMBLAGES; EXCAVATED DEPOSITS; HOMININ EVOLUTION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY AB We report on new geoarchaeological finds in a recently discovered cave-chamber (Liang Bawah, "Cave Under-neath") positioned below Liang Bua on the island of Flores, Indonesia, where the type specimen for Homo floresiensis was recovered from Late Pleistocene sediment At the rear of Liang Bua, a 23-m-long shaft, inclined at 60, leads to a lower chamber measuring 23 m x 24 m x 5 m high (about half the size of Liang Bua). Stone artefacts and bones were found shallowly buried in rubble at the base of the shaft, and around a 5-m-high mud mound that fills the northwest sector of Liang Bawah. We recovered 17 stone artefacts made from chert and volcanics, and more than 220 well-preserved bone elements belonging to endemic giant rats, pigs, primates, small murid rodents, bats and introduced species. Multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (MC-ICPMS) analysis of uranium and thorium in carbonate coatings on four bones yielded ages of similar to 240-180 ka (endemic giant rat femur), similar to 110-60 ka (unidentified phalanx), similar to 33-23 ka (pig skull fragment), and similar to 7-3 ka (giant rat femur), which overlap with the similar to 95 to 17 ka occupation of Liang Bua by H.floresiensis. The similar to 33-23 ka age of the pig skull fragment indicates that Sus sp. may have dispersed into island Southeast Asia earlier than previously recognised. The passageway at the rear of Liang Bawah, and a currently buried front entrance, represent two possible transport paths for cultural and faunal material to the cave-chamber. Analysis of the geomorphic evolution of Liang Bawah shows that it may have been a Late Pleistocene depocentre for material transported from the occupation chamber of Liang Bua, and a repository for human subsistence refuse, or pit-fall trap, via the rear passage. These physical attributes, and the antiquity of the faunal remains found thus far, indicate that Liang Bawah could contain an archive of the Late Pleistocene and, potentially, remains of H. floresiensis. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gagan, Michael K.; Ayliffe, Linda K.; Smith, Garry K.; Scott-Gagan, Heather; Anderson, Neil] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia. [Hellstrom, John C.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Earth Sci, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Drysdale, Russell N.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Land & Environm, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Suwargadi, Bambang W.; Hantoro, Wahyoe S.] Indonesian Inst Sci, Res Ctr Geotechnol, Bandung 40135, Indonesia. [Aplin, Ken P.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Zhao, Jian-xin] Univ Queensland, Sch Earth Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Groves, Colin W.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Pacific & Asian Studies, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Djubiantono, Tony] Indonesian Ctr Archaeol, Jakarta 12001, Indonesia. RP Gagan, MK (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Earth Sci, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia. EM Michael.Gagan@anu.edu.au RI Hellstrom, John/B-1770-2008; Zhao, Jian-xin/A-5938-2008; OI Hellstrom, John/0000-0001-9427-3525; Zhao, Jian-xin/0000-0002-2413-6178; Drysdale, Russell/0000-0001-7867-031X FU Australian Research Council [DP0663274, DP1095673] FX We dedicate this paper to the memory of Mike Morwood who inspired the discovery of H. floresiensis and eagerly supported our work in Liang Bawah. We particularly thank ARKENAS for their permission to study Liang Bawah, and Wahyu Saptomo, Rokus Awe Due and Jatmiko for helpful discussions at Liang Bua. The fieldwork was carried out in collaboration with the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) under LIPI Research Permit numbers 04057/SU/KS/2006 and 2748/SU3/KS/2007, and greatly benefited from caving expertise and scientific input given by Jodie Rutledge, Eko Yulianto, Alan Cooper, Kira Westaway, Carol Lentfer, Emma St Pierre, Michael Griffiths, and Sophie Lewis. Yue-xing Feng kindly performed the TIMS U-Th dating of three stalagmites at the University of Queensland. We thank the people of Rampasasa village for their generous support of the fieldwork, including the superb logistical services of Pious, Kornelius Podha and Agus Mangga. The work was supported by Australian Research Council Discovery grants DP0663274 and DP1095673 to M.K.G., R.N.D., J.-x.Z., J.C.H. and W.S.H. NR 85 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-0182 EI 1872-616X J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 440 BP 533 EP 550 DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.09.021 PG 18 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology GA CY6SS UT WOS:000366539700042 ER PT J AU Schachat, SR Labandeira, CC Chaney, DS AF Schachat, Sandra R. Labandeira, Conrad C. Chaney, Dan S. TI Insect herbivory from early Permian Mitchell Creek Flats of north-central Texas: Opportunism in a balanced component community SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Apparency hypothesis; Cisuralian; Functional feeding group; Galling; Late Paleozoic; Taeniopteris ID PALEOZOIC ICE-AGE; PLANT INTERACTIONS; OLDEST RECORD; FOSSIL RECORD; EARLY HISTORY; WIND DAMAGE; LEAF GALLS; ARTHROPOD; FOLIVORY; ASSOCIATIONS AB The Mitchell Creek Flats locality (MCF) contains a flora from the early Permian (Cisuralian) of north-central Texas that has been qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated for insect herbivory. The level of herbivory is average for a middle Cisuralian flora from this region, although there is a relatively modest number of specimens. Three ecological features of this deposit are noteworthy in the context of the larger plant insect interaction trends across the region. First is a well-balanced distribution across the MCF flora of the five functional feeding groups (FFGs) of external foliage feeding, piercing and sucking, oviposition, galling, and seed predation. These five FFGs encompass 22 discrete insect-mediated damage types (DTs) that indicate a variety of generalized and specialized herbivory. Second is the elevated incidence and diversity of seven gall DTs, indicating an arid environment. Third is the pattern of opportunistic herbivoty on the cycadophyte Taeniopteris spp., the single, overwhelmingly dominant host that represents 47.5% of all foliage, 56.9% of all interactions, and 16 of the 22 DTs. This distribution of insect-mediated damage suggests a diverse community of opportunistic, generalized and specialized insect herbivores, including a guild of xeric-adapted gallers engaged in a variety of feeding styles that overwhelmingly targeted Taeniopteris spp. as a host plant This characterization is consistent with an opportunistic herbivoty strategy and supports Feeny's apparency hypothesis, in which the most conspicuous, accessible plant at a site is disproportionately and most extensively herbivorized. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Schachat, Sandra R.; Labandeira, Conrad C.; Chaney, Dan S.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Schachat, Sandra R.; Labandeira, Conrad C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Univ Maryland, BEES Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. RP Schachat, SR (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol Entomol & Plant Pathol, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. EM schachatsr@si.edu OI Schachat, Sandra/0000-0003-3237-5619 FU Benson Fund of the Smithsonian Institution's Department of Paleobiology; Brown Fund of the Smithsonian Institution's Department of Paleobiology FX Many thanks go to William A. DiMichele for facilitating collections access to MCF material, for assisting in plant identification, and for valuable comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. Finnegan Marsh provided support and coordinated the assignment of new damage types and placed the figures in correct journal format. Rebecca Koll assisted with plant identification. We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers and to William O. Lamp and Charles Mitter of the Department of Entomology of the University of Maryland, College Park for providing valuable feedback. The Benson Fund and Brown Fund of the Smithsonian Institution's Department of Paleobiology provided funding for the analysis of the MCF flora. This is contribution 274 of the Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems consortium at the National Museum of Natural History, in Washington, D.C. NR 128 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-0182 EI 1872-616X J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. PD DEC 15 PY 2015 VL 440 BP 830 EP 847 DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.10.001 PG 18 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology GA CY6SS UT WOS:000366539700063 ER PT J AU Zhang, N Wen, J Zimmer, EA AF Zhang, Ning Wen, Jun Zimmer, Elizabeth A. TI Congruent Deep Relationships in the Grape Family (Vitaceae) Based on Sequences of Chloroplast Genomes and Mitochondrial Genes via Genome Skimming SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BAYESIAN PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE; BIOGEOGRAPHIC DIVERSIFICATION; INTERCONTINENTAL DISJUNCTIONS; AUSTRALIAN VITACEAE; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; SPECIES TREES; NORTH-AMERICA; MIXED MODELS; NUCLEAR; DNA AB Vitaceae is well-known for having one of the most economically important fruits, i.e., the grape (Vitis vinifera). The deep phylogeny of the grape family was not resolved until a recent phylogenomic analysis of 417 nuclear genes from transcriptome data. However, it has been reported extensively that topologies based on nuclear and organellar genes may be incongruent due to differences in their evolutionary histories. Therefore, it is important to reconstruct a backbone phylogeny of the grape family using plastomes and mitochondrial genes. In this study, next-generation sequencing data sets of 27 species were obtained using genome skimming with total DNAs from silica-gel preserved tissue samples on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 instrument. Plastomes were assembled using the combination of de novo and reference genome (of V. vinifera) methods. Sixteen mitochondrial genes were also obtained via genome skimming using the reference genome of V. vinifera. Extensive phylogenetic analyses were performed using maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. The topology based on either plastome data or mitochondrial genes is congruent with the one using hundreds of nuclear genes, indicating that the grape family did not exhibit significant reticulation at the deep level. The results showcase the power of genome skimming in capturing extensive phylogenetic data: especially from chloroplast and mitochondrial DNAs. C1 [Zhang, Ning; Wen, Jun; Zimmer, Elizabeth A.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Wen, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, Natl Museum Nat Hist, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM wenj@si.edu; zimmerl@si.edu FU National Museum of Natural History; Laboratories of Analytical Biology of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History (NMNH); National Science Foundation [DEB 0743474]; Smithsonian Institution FX This study was supported by a Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship from the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, awarded to Ning Zhang, the Laboratories of Analytical Biology of the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History (NMNH), a grant from the National Science Foundation (DEB 0743474 to S.R. Manchester and J. Wen), a Smithsonian Endowment Grant, and the Small Grants Program of the National Museum of Natural History. NR 52 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 26 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 14 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 12 AR e0144701 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0144701 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CY9GR UT WOS:000366715900090 PM 26656830 ER PT J AU Aubourg, E Bailey, S Bautista, JE Beutler, F Bhardwaj, V Bizyaev, D Blanton, M Blomqvist, M Bolton, AS Bovy, J Brewington, H Brinkmann, J Brownstein, JR Burden, A Busca, NG Carithers, W Chuang, CH Comparat, J Croft, RAC Cuesta, AJ Dawson, KS Delubac, T Eisenstein, DJ Font-Ribera, A Ge, J Le Goff, JM Gontcho, SGA Gott, JR Gunn, JE Guo, H Guy, J Hamilton, JC Ho, S Honscheid, K Howlett, C Kirkby, D Kitaura, FS Kneib, JP Lee, KG Long, D Lupton, RH Magana, MV Malanushenko, V Malanushenko, E Manera, M Maraston, C Margala, D McBride, CK Miralda-Escude, J Myers, AD Nichol, RC Noterdaeme, P Nuza, SE Olmstead, MD Oravetz, D Paris, I Padmanabhan, N Palanque-Delabrouille, N Pan, K Pellejero-Ibanez, M Percival, WJ Petitjean, P Pieri, MM Prada, F Reid, B Rich, J Roe, NA Ross, AJ Ross, NP Rossi, G Rubino-Martin, JA Sanchez, AG Samushia, L Santos, RTG Scoccola, CG Schlegel, DJ Schneider, DP Seo, HJ Sheldon, E Simmons, A Skibba, RA Slosar, A Strauss, MA Thomas, D Tinker, JL Tojeiro, R Vazquez, JA Viel, M Wake, DA Weaver, BA Weinberg, DH Wood-Vasey, WM Yeche, C Zehavi, I Zhao, GB AF Aubourg, Eric Bailey, Stephen Bautista, Julian E. Beutler, Florian Bhardwaj, Vaishali Bizyaev, Dmitry Blanton, Michael Blomqvist, Michael Bolton, Adam S. Bovy, Jo Brewington, Howard Brinkmann, J. Brownstein, Joel R. Burden, Angela Busca, Nicols G. Carithers, William Chuang, Chia-Hsun Comparat, Johan Croft, Rupert A. C. Cuesta, Antonio J. Dawson, Kyle S. Delubac, Timothee Eisenstein, Daniel J. Font-Ribera, Andreu Ge, Jian Le Goff, J. -M. Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A. Gott, J. Richard, III Gunn, James E. Guo, Hong Guy, Julien Hamilton, Jean-Christophe Ho, Shirley Honscheid, Klaus Howlett, Cullan Kirkby, David Kitaura, Francisco S. Kneib, Jean-Paul Lee, Khee-Gan Long, Dan Lupton, Robert H. Magana, Mariana Vargas Malanushenko, Viktor Malanushenko, Elena Manera, Marc Maraston, Claudia Margala, Daniel McBride, Cameron K. Miralda-Escude, Jordi Myers, Adam D. Nichol, Robert C. Noterdaeme, Pasquier Nuza, Sebastian E. Olmstead, Matthew D. Oravetz, Daniel Paris, Isabelle Padmanabhan, Nikhil Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie Pan, Kaike Pellejero-Ibanez, Marcos Percival, Will J. Petitjean, Patrick Pieri, Matthew M. Prada, Francisco Reid, Beth Rich, James Roe, Natalie A. Ross, Ashley J. Ross, Nicholas P. Rossi, Graziano Rubino-Martin, Jose Alberto Sanchez, Ariel G. Samushia, Lado Genova Santos, Ricardo Tanausu Scoccola, Claudia G. Schlegel, David J. Schneider, Donald P. Seo, Hee-Jong Sheldon, Erin Simmons, Audrey Skibba, Ramin A. Slosar, Anze Strauss, Michael A. Thomas, Daniel Tinker, Jeremy L. Tojeiro, Rita Vazquez, Jose Alberto Viel, Matteo Wake, David A. Weaver, Benjamin A. Weinberg, David H. Wood-Vasey, W. M. Yeche, Christophe Zehavi, Idit Zhao, Gong-Bo CA BOSS Collaboration TI Cosmological implications of baryon acoustic oscillation measurements SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; LY-ALPHA FOREST; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; DARK ENERGY SURVEY; MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES; SPECTROSCOPIC TARGET SELECTION; GALAXY REDSHIFT SURVEY; BVRI LIGHT CURVES; SDSS-III; DATA RELEASE AB We derive constraints on cosmological parameters and tests of dark energy models from the combination of baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) measurements with cosmic microwave background (CMB) data and a recent reanalysis of Type Ia supernova (SN) data. In particular, we take advantage of high-precision BAO measurements from galaxy clustering and the Lyman-alpha forest (LyaF) in the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). Treating the BAO scale as an uncalibrated standard ruler, BAO data alone yield a high confidence detection of dark energy; in combination with the CMB angular acoustic scale they further imply a nearly flat universe. Adding the CMB-calibrated physical scale of the sound horizon, the combination of BAO and SN data into an "inverse distance ladder" yields a measurement of H-0 = 67.3 +/- 1.1 km s(-1) Mpc(-1), with 1.7% precision. This measurement assumes standard prerecombination physics but is insensitive to assumptions about dark energy or space curvature, so agreement with CMB-based estimates that assume a flat Lambda CDM cosmology is an important corroboration of this minimal cosmological model. For constant dark energy (Lambda), our BAO + SN + CMB combination yields matter density Omega(m) = 0.301 +/- 0.008 and curvature Omega(k) = -0.003 +/- 0.003. When we allow more general forms of evolving dark energy, the BAO + SN + CMB parameter constraints are always consistent with flat Lambda CDM values at approximate to 1 sigma. While the overall chi(2) of model fits is satisfactory, the LyaF BAO measurements are in moderate (2-2.5 sigma) tension with model predictions. Models with early dark energy that tracks the dominant energy component at high redshift remain consistent with our expansion history constraints, and they yield a higher H-0 and lower matter clustering amplitude, improving agreement with some low redshift observations. Expansion history alone yields an upper limit on the summed mass of neutrino species, Sigma m(nu) < 0.56 eV (95% confidence), improving to Sigma m(nu) < 0.25 eV if we include the lensing signal in the Planck CMB power spectrum. In a flat Lambda CDM model that allows extra relativistic species, our data combination yields N-eff = 3.43 +/- 0.26; while the LyaF BAO data prefer higher N-eff when excluding galaxy BAO, the galaxy BAO alone favor N-eff approximate to 3. When structure growth is extrapolated forward from the CMB to low redshift, standard dark energy models constrained by our data predict a level of matter clustering that is high compared to most, but not all, observational estimates. C1 [Aubourg, Eric; Bautista, Julian E.; Busca, Nicols G.; Hamilton, Jean-Christophe; Magana, Mariana Vargas] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, CEA,Sorbonne Paris Cite, Astroparticule & Cosmol,APC,IN2P3,Irfu,Observ Par, F-75205 Paris 13, France. [Bailey, Stephen; Beutler, Florian; Bhardwaj, Vaishali; Carithers, William; Font-Ribera, Andreu; Guy, Julien; Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie; Reid, Beth; Roe, Natalie A.; Schlegel, David J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bhardwaj, Vaishali] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bizyaev, Dmitry; Brewington, Howard; Brinkmann, J.; Long, Dan; Malanushenko, Viktor; Malanushenko, Elena; Oravetz, Daniel; Pan, Kaike; Simmons, Audrey] Natl Solar Observ, Sunspot, NM 88349 USA. [Blanton, Michael; Tinker, Jeremy L.; Weaver, Benjamin A.] NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Blomqvist, Michael; Kirkby, David; Margala, Daniel] UC Irvine, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Bolton, Adam S.; Brownstein, Joel R.; Dawson, Kyle S.; Guo, Hong; Olmstead, Matthew D.] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Bovy, Jo] Inst Adv Study, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Burden, Angela; Howlett, Cullan; Manera, Marc; Maraston, Claudia; Nichol, Robert C.; Percival, Will J.; Ross, Ashley J.; Thomas, Daniel; Tojeiro, Rita; Zhao, Gong-Bo] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Busca, Nicols G.] Observ Nacl, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Busca, Nicols G.] LIneA, Lab Interinst & Astron, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Chuang, Chia-Hsun; Comparat, Johan; Prada, Francisco; Scoccola, Claudia G.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, CSIC, UAM, Inst Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Croft, Rupert A. C.; Ho, Shirley] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Croft, Rupert A. C.] Univ Oxford, Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Cuesta, Antonio J.; Padmanabhan, Nikhil] Yale Univ, Dept Phys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Cuesta, Antonio J.; Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A.; Miralda-Escude, Jordi] Univ Barcelona, IEEC UB, Inst Ciencies Cosmos, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Delubac, Timothee; Kneib, Jean-Paul] EPFL, Observ Sauverny, Lab Astrophys, CH-1290 Chavannes Des Bois, Switzerland. [Eisenstein, Daniel J.; McBride, Cameron K.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ge, Jian] Univ Florida, Dept Astron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Le Goff, J. -M.; Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie; Rich, James; Rossi, Graziano; Yeche, Christophe] CEA, Ctr Saclay, IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Gott, J. Richard, III; Gunn, James E.; Lupton, Robert H.; Strauss, Michael A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Guo, Hong] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Astron Observ, Key Lab Res Galaxies & Cosmol, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Guy, Julien] Univ Paris 07, Univ Paris 06, CNRS, LPNHE,IN2P3, F-75252 Paris, France. [Honscheid, Klaus] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Honscheid, Klaus; Ross, Ashley J.; Seo, Hee-Jong; Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kitaura, Francisco S.; Nuza, Sebastian E.] Leibniz Inst Astrophys Potsdam AIP, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany. [Kneib, Jean-Paul] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, CPPM, IN2P3, Marseille, France. [Lee, Khee-Gan] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Manera, Marc] UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Miralda-Escude, Jordi] Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Barcelona, Spain. [Myers, Adam D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Noterdaeme, Pasquier; Petitjean, Patrick] UPMC, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Paris, Isabelle; Viel, Matteo; Wake, David A.] Osserv Astron Trieste, INAF, I-34131 Trieste, Italy. [Pellejero-Ibanez, Marcos; Rubino-Martin, Jose Alberto; Genova Santos, Ricardo Tanausu; Scoccola, Claudia G.] IAC, E-38200 Tenerife, Spain. [Pellejero-Ibanez, Marcos; Rubino-Martin, Jose Alberto] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 Tenerife, Spain. [Pieri, Matthew M.] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, A MIDEX,UMR 7326, Marseille, France. [Prada, Francisco] Campus Int Excellence UAM CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Prada, Francisco] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain. [Reid, Beth] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ross, Nicholas P.] Drexel Univ, Dept Phys, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Rossi, Graziano] Sejong Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Seoul 143747, South Korea. [Sanchez, Ariel G.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Samushia, Lado] Kansas State Univ, Dept Phys, Manhattan, KS USA. [Samushia, Lado] Ilia State Univ, Natl Abastumani Astrophys Observ, GE-1060 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. [Scoccola, Claudia G.] Univ Autonoma Madrid, Dept Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Seo, Hee-Jong] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Sheldon, Erin; Slosar, Anze; Vazquez, Jose Alberto] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Skibba, Ramin A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. [Viel, Matteo] INFN Natl Inst Nucl Phys, I-34127 Trieste, Italy. [Wake, David A.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Astron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Wake, David A.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Weinberg, David H.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Wood-Vasey, W. M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, PITT PACC, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Zehavi, Idit] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Astron, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Zhao, Gong-Bo] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. RP Aubourg, E (reprint author), Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, CEA,Sorbonne Paris Cite, Astroparticule & Cosmol,APC,IN2P3,Irfu,Observ Par, 10 Rue Alice Domon & Leonie Duquet, F-75205 Paris 13, France. RI Guo, Hong/J-5797-2015; Croft, Rupert/N-8707-2014; EPFL, Physics/O-6514-2016; OI Guo, Hong/0000-0003-4936-8247; Croft, Rupert/0000-0003-0697-2583; Kirkby, David/0000-0002-8828-5463; Beutler, Florian/0000-0003-0467-5438; Cuesta Vazquez, Antonio Jose/0000-0002-4153-9470 FU Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University FX We thank Eric Linder for useful discussions of early dark energy and structure growth. We also thank Savvas Koushiappas and Gordon Blackadder for alerting us to an error in the decaying dark matter section of the preprint version of this paper and answering our questions as we corrected it. Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is http://www.sdss3.org/. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. NR 126 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD DEC 14 PY 2015 VL 92 IS 12 AR 123516 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.92.123516 PG 38 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA CY6FD UT WOS:000366502800004 ER PT J AU Muller, A Schippers, S Hellhund, J Holste, K Kilcoyne, ALD Phaneuf, RA Ballance, CP McLaughlin, BM AF Mueller, A. Schippers, S. Hellhund, J. Holste, K. Kilcoyne, A. L. D. Phaneuf, R. A. Ballance, C. P. McLaughlin, B. M. TI Single-photon single ionization of W+ ions: experiment and theory SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE photoionization; tungsten ions; valence shells; absolute cross sections; merged beams; synchrotron radiation; metastable levels ID R-MATRIX METHOD; ELECTRON-IMPACT; TUNGSTEN IONS; PHOTOIONIZATION; RECOMBINATION; EXCITATION; SCATTERING AB Experimental and theoretical results are reported for photoionization of Ta-like (W+) tungsten ions. Absolute cross sections were measured in the energy range 16-245 eV employing the photon-ion merged-beam setup at the advanced light source in Berkeley. Detailed photon-energy scans at 100 meV bandwidth were performed in the 16-108 eV range. In addition, the cross section was scanned at 50 meV resolution in regions where fine resonance structures could be observed. Theoretical results were obtained from a Dirac-Coulomb R-matrix approach. Photoionization cross section calculations were performed for singly ionized atomic tungsten ions in their 5s(2)5p(6)5d(4)(D-5)6s D-6(J), J = 1/2, ground level and the associated excited metastable levels with J = 3/2, 5/2, 7/2 and 9/2. Since the ion beams used in the experiments must be expected to contain long-lived excited states also from excited configurations, additional cross-section calculations were performed for the second-lowest term, 5d(5) S-6(J), J = 5/2, and for the F-4 term, 5d(3)6s(2) F-4(J), with J = 3/2, 5/2, 7/2 and 9/2. Given the complexity of the electronic structure of W+ the calculations reproduce the main features of the experimental cross section quite well. C1 [Mueller, A.; Schippers, S.; Hellhund, J.] Univ Giessen, Inst Atom & Mol Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Schippers, S.; Holste, K.] Univ Giessen, Inst Phys 1, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Hellhund, J.; Phaneuf, R. A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Kilcoyne, A. L. D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Adv Light Source, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ballance, C. P.] Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, Allison Lab 206, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Ballance, C. P.; McLaughlin, B. M.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, CTAMOP, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [McLaughlin, B. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Inst Theoret Atom & Mol Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Muller, A (reprint author), Univ Giessen, Inst Atom & Mol Phys, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. EM Alfred.Mueller@iamp.physik.uni-giessen.de; b.mclaughlin@qub.ac.uk RI Muller, Alfred/A-3548-2009; Kilcoyne, David/I-1465-2013; Schippers, Stefan/A-7786-2008 OI Muller, Alfred/0000-0002-0030-6929; Schippers, Stefan/0000-0002-6166-7138 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft from US Department of Energy (DOE) [Mu-1068/20, DE-AC03-76SF-00098, DE-FG02-03ER15424]; NASA; NSF grants through Auburn University; US National Science Foundation; Queen's University Belfast; Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We acknowledge support by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under project number Mu-1068/20 in addition to grants from the US Department of Energy (DOE) under contracts DE-AC03-76SF-00098 and DE-FG02-03ER15424. CP Ballance was supported by NASA and NSF grants through Auburn University. BM McLaughlin acknowledges support by the US National Science Foundation through a grant to ITAMP at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Queen's University Belfast for the award of a visiting research fellowship (VRF) and the hospitality of AM, SS and the University of Giessen during a recent visit. The computational work was carried out at the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center in Oakland, CA, USA and at the High Performance Computing Center Stuttgart (HLRS) of the University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany. This research also used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725. The Advanced Light Source is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 EI 1361-6455 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD DEC 14 PY 2015 VL 48 IS 23 AR 235203 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/48/23/235203 PG 13 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA CW8HU UT WOS:000365240900010 ER PT J AU Saro, A Bocquet, S Rozo, E Benson, BA Mohr, J Rykoff, ES Soares-Santos, M Bleem, L Dodelson, S Melchior, P Sobreira, F Upadhyay, V Weller, J Abbott, T Abdalla, FB Allam, S Armstrong, R Banerji, M Bauer, AH Bayliss, M Benoit-Levy, A Bernstein, GM Bertin, E Brodwin, M Brooks, D Buckley-Geer, E Burke, DL Carlstrom, JE Capasso, R Capozzi, D Rosell, AC Kind, MC Chiu, I Covarrubias, R Crawford, TM Crocce, M D'Andrea, CB da Costa, LN DePoy, DL Desai, S de Haan, T Diehl, HT Dietrich, JP Doel, P Cunha, CE Eifler, TF Evrard, AE Neto, AF Fernandez, E Flaugher, B Fosalba, P Frieman, J Gangkofner, C Gaztanaga, E Gerdes, D Gruen, D Gruendl, RA Gupta, N Hennig, C Holzapfel, WL Honscheid, K Jain, B James, D Kuehn, K Kuropatkin, N Lahav, O Li, TS Lin, H Maia, MAG March, M Marshall, JL Martini, P McDonald, M Miller, CJ Miquel, R Nord, B Ogando, R Plazas, AA Reichardt, CL Romer, AK Roodman, A Sako, M Sanchez, E Schubnell, M Sevilla, I Smith, RC Stalder, B Stark, AA Strazzullo, V Suchyta, E Swanson, MEC Tarle, G Thaler, J Thomas, D Tucker, D Vikram, V von der Linden, A Walker, AR Wechsler, RH Wester, W Zenteno, A Ziegler, KE AF Saro, A. Bocquet, S. Rozo, E. Benson, B. A. Mohr, J. Rykoff, E. S. Soares-Santos, M. Bleem, L. Dodelson, S. Melchior, P. Sobreira, F. Upadhyay, V. Weller, J. Abbott, T. Abdalla, F. B. Allam, S. Armstrong, R. Banerji, M. Bauer, A. H. Bayliss, M. Benoit-Levy, A. Bernstein, G. M. Bertin, E. Brodwin, M. Brooks, D. Buckley-Geer, E. Burke, D. L. Carlstrom, J. E. Capasso, R. Capozzi, D. Carnero Rosell, A. Kind, M. Carrasco Chiu, I. Covarrubias, R. Crawford, T. M. Crocce, M. D'Andrea, C. B. da Costa, L. N. DePoy, D. L. Desai, S. de Haan, T. Diehl, H. T. Dietrich, J. P. Doel, P. Cunha, C. E. Eifler, T. F. Evrard, A. E. Fausti Neto, A. Fernandez, E. Flaugher, B. Fosalba, P. Frieman, J. Gangkofner, C. Gaztanaga, E. Gerdes, D. Gruen, D. Gruendl, R. A. Gupta, N. Hennig, C. Holzapfel, W. L. Honscheid, K. Jain, B. James, D. Kuehn, K. Kuropatkin, N. Lahav, O. Li, T. S. Lin, H. Maia, M. A. G. March, M. Marshall, J. L. Martini, Paul McDonald, M. Miller, C. J. Miquel, R. Nord, B. Ogando, R. Plazas, A. A. Reichardt, C. L. Romer, A. K. Roodman, A. Sako, M. Sanchez, E. Schubnell, M. Sevilla, I. Smith, R. C. Stalder, B. Stark, A. A. Strazzullo, V. Suchyta, E. Swanson, M. E. C. Tarle, G. Thaler, J. Thomas, D. Tucker, D. Vikram, V. von der Linden, A. Walker, A. R. Wechsler, R. H. Wester, W. Zenteno, A. Ziegler, K. E. TI Constraints on the richness-mass relation and the optical-SZE positional offset distribution for SZE-selected clusters SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE catalogues; methods: data analysis; galaxies: abundances; galaxies: clusters: general; galaxies: haloes; galaxies: statistics; cosmology: miscellaneous; large-scale structure of Universe ID SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; SCIENCE VERIFICATION DATA; BLANCO COSMOLOGY SURVEY; 720 SQUARE DEGREES; X-RAY-PROPERTIES; SIMILAR-TO 1; GALAXY CLUSTERS; SCALING RELATIONS; DATA RELEASE AB We cross-match galaxy cluster candidates selected via their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZE) signatures in 129.1 deg(2) of the South Pole Telescope 2500d SPT-SZ survey with optically identified clusters selected from the Dark Energy Survey science verification data. We identify 25 clusters between 0.1 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 0.8 in the union of the SPT-SZ and redMaPPer (RM) samples. RM is an optical cluster finding algorithm that also returns a richness estimate for each cluster. We model the richness lambda-mass relation with the following function < ln lambda| M-500 > alpha B-lambda ln M-500 + C(lambda)ln E(z) and use SPT-SZ cluster masses and RM richnesses lambda to constrain the parameters. We find B-lambda = 1.14(-0.18)(+0.21) and C-lambda = 0.73(-0.75)(+0.77). The associated scatter in mass at fixed richness is sigma M-ln|lambda = 0.18(-0.05)(+0.08) at a characteristic richness lambda= 70. We demonstrate that our model provides an adequate description of the matched sample, showing that the fraction of SPT-SZ-selected clusters with RM counterparts is consistent with expectations and that the fraction of RM-selected clusters with SPT-SZ counterparts is in mild tension with expectation. We model the optical-SZE cluster positional offset distribution with the sum of two Gaussians, showing that it is consistent with a dominant, centrally peaked population and a subdominant population characterized by larger offsets. We also cross-match the RM catalogue with SPT-SZ candidates below the official catalogue threshold significance xi = 4.5, using the RM catalogue to provide optical confirmation and redshifts for 15 additional clusters with xi is an element of [4, 4.5]. C1 [Saro, A.; Bocquet, S.; Mohr, J.; Capasso, R.; Chiu, I.; Desai, S.; Dietrich, J. P.; Gangkofner, C.; Gupta, N.; Hennig, C.; Strazzullo, V.] Univ Munich, Dept Phys, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Saro, A.; Bocquet, S.; Mohr, J.; Weller, J.; Capasso, R.; Chiu, I.; Dietrich, J. P.; Gangkofner, C.; Gupta, N.; Hennig, C.; Strazzullo, V.] Excellence Cluster Univ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Rozo, E.] Univ Arizona, Dept Phys, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Benson, B. A.; Soares-Santos, M.; Dodelson, S.; Sobreira, F.; Allam, S.; Buckley-Geer, E.; Diehl, H. T.; Flaugher, B.; Frieman, J.; Kuropatkin, N.; Lin, H.; Nord, B.; Tucker, D.; Wester, W.] Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USA. [Benson, B. A.; Bleem, L.; Dodelson, S.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Crawford, T. M.; Frieman, J.; Ziegler, K. E.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Benson, B. A.; Dodelson, S.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Crawford, T. M.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Mohr, J.; Weller, J.; Gruen, D.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Rykoff, E. S.; Burke, D. L.; Cunha, C. E.; Roodman, A.; von der Linden, A.; Wechsler, R. H.] Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Rykoff, E. S.; Burke, D. L.; Roodman, A.; Wechsler, R. H.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Bleem, L.; Vikram, V.] Argonne Natl Lab, Lemont, IL 60439 USA. [Melchior, P.; Honscheid, K.; Martini, Paul; Suchyta, E.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Melchior, P.; Honscheid, K.; Suchyta, E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Sobreira, F.; Carnero Rosell, A.; da Costa, L. N.; Fausti Neto, A.; Maia, M. A. G.; Ogando, R.] Lab Interinst & Astron LIneA, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Upadhyay, V.] CERN, CH-1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland. [Weller, J.; Gruen, D.] Univ Munich, Fak Phys, Univ Sternwarte, D-81679 Munich, Germany. [Abbott, T.; James, D.; Smith, R. C.; Walker, A. R.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, La Serena, Chile. [Abdalla, F. B.; Benoit-Levy, A.; Brooks, D.; Doel, P.; Lahav, O.] Univ London Univ Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Armstrong, R.; Bernstein, G. M.; Eifler, T. F.; Jain, B.; March, M.; Sako, M.] Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Banerji, M.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Bauer, A. H.; Crocce, M.; Fosalba, P.; Gaztanaga, E.] CSIC, IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Fac Ciencias, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Bayliss, M.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bayliss, M.; Stalder, B.; Stark, A. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bertin, E.] Univ Paris 06, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Bertin, E.] CNRS, UMR7095, F-75014 Paris, France. [Brodwin, M.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys & Astron, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.] Univ Chicago, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Carlstrom, J. E.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Capozzi, D.; D'Andrea, C. B.; Thomas, D.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Carnero Rosell, A.; da Costa, L. N.; Maia, M. A. G.; Ogando, R.] Observ Nacl, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Kind, M. Carrasco; Gruendl, R. A.; Sevilla, I.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kind, M. Carrasco; Covarrubias, R.; Gruendl, R. A.; Swanson, M. E. C.] Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [DePoy, D. L.; Li, T. S.; Marshall, J. L.] Texas A&M Univ, George P & Cynthia Woods Mitchell Inst Fundamenta, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [DePoy, D. L.; Li, T. S.; Marshall, J. L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [de Haan, T.] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada. [de Haan, T.; Holzapfel, W. L.; Reichardt, C. L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Eifler, T. F.; Plazas, A. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Evrard, A. E.; Miller, C. J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Evrard, A. E.; Gerdes, D.; Miller, C. J.; Tarle, G.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Fernandez, E.; Miquel, R.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Inst Fis Altes Energies, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Kuehn, K.] Australian Astron Observ, N Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia. [Martini, Paul] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [McDonald, M.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Plazas, A. A.] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. [Reichardt, C. L.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. [Romer, A. K.] Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England. [Sanchez, E.; Sevilla, I.] CIEMAT, Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Stalder, B.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Thaler, J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [von der Linden, A.; Wechsler, R. H.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [von der Linden, A.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Dark Cosmol Ctr, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. [Zenteno, A.] Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, La Serena, Chile. RP Saro, A (reprint author), Univ Munich, Dept Phys, Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany. EM saro@usm.lmu.de RI Sobreira, Flavia/F-4168-2015; Ogando, Ricardo/A-1747-2010; Sanchez, Eusebio/H-5228-2015; Fosalba Vela, Pablo/I-5515-2016; OI Sobreira, Flavia/0000-0002-7822-0658; CRAWFORD, THOMAS/0000-0001-9000-5013; Dietrich, Jorg/0000-0002-8134-9591; Weller, Jochen/0000-0002-8282-2010; Ogando, Ricardo/0000-0003-2120-1154; Sanchez, Eusebio/0000-0002-9646-8198; Carrasco Kind, Matias/0000-0002-4802-3194; Stern, Corvin/0000-0003-4406-6127; Abdalla, Filipe/0000-0003-2063-4345; Tucker, Douglas/0000-0001-7211-5729; Stark, Antony/0000-0002-2718-9996 FU DFG Cluster of Excellence 'Origin and Structure of the Universe'; Transregio program TR33 'The Dark Universe'; Ludwig-Maximilians University; National Science Foundation [PLR-1248097]; NSF Physics Frontier Center [PHY-1125897]; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF 947]; Smithsonian Institution; Miller Research Fellowship; Danish National Research Foundation; Australian Research Council's Discovery Projects scheme [DP150103208]; US Department of Energy; US National Science Foundation; Ministry of Science and Education of Spain; Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom; Higher Education Funding Council for England; National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at University of Chicago; Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at Ohio State University; Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas AM University; Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos; Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico and the Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey; MINECO [AYA2012-39559, ESP2013-48274, FPA2013-47986]; Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa [SEV-2012-0234]; European Union FX We acknowledge the support by the DFG Cluster of Excellence 'Origin and Structure of the Universe', the Transregio program TR33 'The Dark Universe' and the Ludwig-Maximilians University. The South Pole Telescope is supported by the National Science Foundation through grant PLR-1248097. Partial support is also provided by the NSF Physics Frontier Center grant PHY-1125897 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Kavli Foundation and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant GBMF 947. AAS acknowledges a Pell grant from the Smithsonian Institution. TDH is supported by a Miller Research Fellowship. This work was partially completed at Fermilab, operated by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under contract no. De-AC02-07CH11359 with the United States Department of Energy. The Dark Cosmology Centre is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation. CR acknowledges support from the Australian Research Council's Discovery Projects scheme (DP150103208). Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the US Department of Energy, the US National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundacao Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico and the Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2012-39559, ESP2013-48274, FPA2013-47986 and Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2012-0234, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energeticas, Medioambientales y Tecnologicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Edinburgh, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Fisica d'Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig- Maximilians Universitat and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex and Texas A&M University. NR 79 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 11 PY 2015 VL 454 IS 3 BP 2305 EP 2319 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2141 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7QY UT WOS:000368000400004 ER PT J AU Sadowski, A Narayan, R AF Sadowski, Aleksander Narayan, Ramesh TI Photon-conserving Comptonization in simulations of accretion discs around black holes SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion discs; black hole physics; relativistic processes; methods: numerical ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SUPER-EDDINGTON ACCRETION; RADIATION-MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; NON-LTE MODELS; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; THEORETICAL SPECTRA; GENERAL-RELATIVITY; M1 CLOSURE; DISKS; FLOW AB We introduce a new method for treating Comptonization in computational fluid dynamics. By construction, this method conserves the number of photons. Whereas the traditional 'blackbody Comptonization' approach assumes that the radiation is locally a perfect blackbody and therefore uses a single parameter, the radiation temperature, to describe the radiation, the new 'photon-conserving Comptonization' approach treats the photon gas as a Bose-Einstein fluid and keeps track of both the radiation temperature and the photon number density. We have implemented photon-conserving Comptonization in the general relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamical code KORAL and we describe its impact on simulations of mildly supercritical black hole accretion discs. We find that blackbody Comptonization underestimates the gas and radiation temperature by up to a factor of 2 compared to photon-conserving Comptonization. This discrepancy could be serious when computing spectra. The photon-conserving simulation indicates that the spectral colour correction factor of the escaping radiation in the funnel region of the disc could be as large as 5. C1 [Sadowski, Aleksander; Narayan, Ramesh] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Sadowski, A (reprint author), MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM asadowsk@mit.edu OI Narayan, Ramesh/0000-0002-1919-2730 FU NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship - Chandra X-ray Center [PF4-150126]; NSF [AST1312651]; NASA [TCAN NNX14AB47G, NAS8-03060]; NSF via XSEDE resources [TG-AST080026N]; NASA via the High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center FX The authors thank Jonathan McKinney for helpful discussions and comments. AS acknowledges support for this work by NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral Fellowship number PF4-150126 awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. AS thanks Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics for its hospitality. RN was supported in part by NSF grant AST1312651 and NASA grant TCAN NNX14AB47G. The authors acknowledge computational support from NSF via XSEDE resources (grant TG-AST080026N), and from NASA via the High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center. NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 11 PY 2015 VL 454 IS 3 BP 2372 EP 2380 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2022 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7QY UT WOS:000368000400010 ER PT J AU Torrey, P Wellons, S Machado, F Griffen, B Nelson, D Rodriguez-Gomez, V McKinnon, R Pillepich, A Ma, CP Vogelsberger, M Springel, V Hernquist, L AF Torrey, Paul Wellons, Sarah Machado, Francisco Griffen, Brendan Nelson, Dylan Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente McKinnon, Ryan Pillepich, Annalisa Ma, Chung-Pei Vogelsberger, Mark Springel, Volker Hernquist, Lars TI An analysis of the evolving comoving number density of galaxies in hydrodynamical simulations SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: numerical; galaxies: abundances; cosmology: theory ID BRIGHTEST CLUSTER GALAXIES; MILKY-WAY-LIKE; MASSIVE GALAXIES; ILLUSTRIS SIMULATION; COSMIC TIME; COSMOLOGICAL SIMULATIONS; QUIESCENT GALAXIES; STAR-FORMATION; BLACK-HOLES; VELOCITY DISPERSIONS AB We present an analysis of the evolving comoving cumulative number density of galaxy populations found in the Illustris simulation. Cumulative number density is commonly used to link galaxy populations across different epochs by assuming that galaxies preserve their number density in time. Our analysis allows us to examine the extent to which this assumption holds in the presence of galaxy mergers or when rank ordering is broken owing to variable stellar growth rates. Our primary results are as follows: (1) the inferred average stellar mass evolution obtained via a constant comoving number density assumption is systematically biased compared to the merger tree results at the factor of similar to 2(4) level when tracking galaxies from redshift z = 0 to 2(3); (2) the median number density evolution for galaxy populations tracked forward in time is shallower than for galaxy populations tracked backward; (3) a similar evolution in the median number density of tracked galaxy populations is found regardless of whether number density is assigned via stellar mass, stellar velocity dispersion, or halo mass; (4) explicit tracking reveals a large diversity in the stellar and dark matter assembly histories that cannot be captured by constant number density analyses; (5) the significant scatter in galaxy linking methods is only marginally reduced (similar to 20 per cent) by considering additional physical galaxy properties. We provide fits for the median evolution in number density for use with observational data and discuss the implications of our analysis for interpreting multi-epoch galaxy property observations. C1 [Torrey, Paul; Machado, Francisco; Griffen, Brendan; McKinnon, Ryan; Vogelsberger, Mark] MIT Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Torrey, Paul] CALTECH, TAPIR, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Wellons, Sarah; Nelson, Dylan; Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente; Pillepich, Annalisa; Hernquist, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ma, Chung-Pei] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberger Inst Theoret Studien, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, ARI, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Torrey, P (reprint author), MIT Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM ptorrey@mit.edu OI Torrey, Paul/0000-0002-5653-0786; Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente/0000-0002-9495-0079 FU NASA ATP Grant [NNX14AH35G]; National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE1144152]; MIT UROP program; DOE CSGF [DE-FG02-97ER25308]; HST [HST-AR-13897]; Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science, University of California Berkeley; DFG Research Centre [SFB-881]; European Research Council under ERC-StG [EXAGAL-308037]; NASA [NNX12AC67G]; NSF [AST-1312095]; CURIE supercomputer at CEA/France as part of PRACE project [RA0844]; Super-MUC computer at the Leibniz Computing Centre, Germany GCS-project [pr85je]; MKI; FAS FX We thank the anonymous referee for the careful reading of our manuscript and the valuable comments that have improved the paper. PT acknowledges support from NASA ATP Grant NNX14AH35G. SW is supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under grant number DGE1144152. FM acknowledges support from the MIT UROP program. RM acknowledges support from the DOE CSGF under grant number DE-FG02-97ER25308. AP acknowledges support from the HST grant HST-AR-13897. Support for C-PM is provided in part by the Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science, University of California Berkeley. VS acknowledges support by the DFG Research Centre SFB-881 The Milky Way System through project A1, and by the European Research Council under ERC-StG EXAGAL-308037. LH acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX12AC67G and NSF grant AST-1312095.; The Illustris-1 simulation was run on the CURIE supercomputer at CEA/France as part of PRACE project RA0844, and the Super-MUC computer at the Leibniz Computing Centre, Germany, as part of GCS-project pr85je. The further simulations were run on the Harvard Odyssey and CfA/ITC clusters, the Ranger and Stampede supercomputers at the Texas Advanced Computing Center through XSEDE, and the Kraken supercomputer at Oak Ridge National Laboratory through XSEDE. The analysis presented in this paper was conducted on the joint MIT-Harvard computing cluster supported by MKI and FAS. NR 70 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 11 PY 2015 VL 454 IS 3 BP 2770 EP 2786 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv1986 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7QY UT WOS:000368000400040 ER PT J AU Zhou, G Bayliss, DDR Kedziora-Chudczer, L Tinney, CG Bailey, J Salter, G Rodriguez, J AF Zhou, G. Bayliss, D. D. R. Kedziora-Chudczer, L. Tinney, C. G. Bailey, J. Salter, G. Rodriguez, J. TI Secondary eclipse observations for seven hot-Jupiters from the Anglo-Australian Telescope SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE occultations; planets and satellites: atmospheres ID INFRARED THERMAL EMISSION; STAR ADAPTIVE OPTICS; GROUND-BASED DETECTION; LATE-M-DWARFS; 8 MU-M; FINDING CAMPAIGN DISCOVERY; HIGH-PRECISION PHOTOMETRY; COLOR-MAGNITUDE DIAGRAMS; WARM-SPITZER PHOTOMETRY; TRANSIT LIGHT-CURVE AB We report detections and constraints for the near-infrared Ks band secondary eclipses of seven hot-Jupiters using the IRIS2 infrared camera on the Anglo-Australian Telescope. Eclipses in the Ks band for WASP-18b and WASP-36b have been measured for the first time. We also present new measurements for the eclipses of WASP-4b, WASP-5b, and WASP-46b, as well as upper limits for the eclipse depths of WASP-2b and WASP-76b. In particular, two full eclipses of WASP-46b were observed, allowing us to demonstrate the repeatability of our observations via independent analyses on each eclipse. Significant numbers of eclipse depths for hot-Jupiters have now been measured in both Ks and the four Spitzer IRAC bandpasses. We discuss these measurements in the context of the broad-band colours and brightness temperatures of the hot-Jupiter atmosphere distribution. Specifically, we re-examine the proposed temperature dichotomy between the most irradiated, and mildly irradiated planets. We find no evidence for multiple clusters in the brightness temperature-equilibrium temperature distributions in any of these bandpasses, suggesting a continuous distribution of heat re-emission and circulation characteristics for these planets. C1 [Zhou, G.; Bayliss, D. D. R.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Zhou, G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bayliss, D. D. R.] Univ Geneva, Astron Observ, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Kedziora-Chudczer, L.; Tinney, C. G.; Bailey, J.] Univ New S Wales, Australian Ctr Astrobiol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Salter, G.] Lab Astrophys Marseille, F-13388 Marseille 13, France. [Rodriguez, J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RP Zhou, G (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. EM george.zhou@cfa.harvard.edu FU ARC Australian Professorial Fellowship [DP0774000]; ARC [DP130102695] FX This work is based on observations obtained at the Anglo-Australian Telescope, Siding Spring, Australia. We thank the support of the AAO staff who helped with establishing the observing strategy employed in this work. CGT gratefully acknowledges the support of ARC Australian Professorial Fellowship grant DP0774000 and ARC Discovery Outstanding Researcher Award DP130102695. NR 182 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 11 PY 2015 VL 454 IS 3 BP 3002 EP 3019 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2138 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7QY UT WOS:000368000400057 ER PT J AU Page, KL Osborne, JP Kuin, NPM Henze, M Walter, FM Beardmore, AP Bode, MF Darnley, MJ Delgado, L Drake, JJ Hernanz, M Mukai, K Nelson, T Ness, JU Schwarz, GJ Shore, SN Starrfield, S Woodward, CE AF Page, K. L. Osborne, J. P. Kuin, N. P. M. Henze, M. Walter, F. M. Beardmore, A. P. Bode, M. F. Darnley, M. J. Delgado, L. Drake, J. J. Hernanz, M. Mukai, K. Nelson, T. Ness, J. -U. Schwarz, G. J. Shore, S. N. Starrfield, S. Woodward, C. E. TI Swift detection of the super-swift switch-on of the super-soft phase in nova V745 Sco (2014) SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE stars: individual: V745 Sco; novae, cataclysmic variables; ultraviolet: stars; X-rays: stars ID X-RAY OBSERVATIONS; REMARKABLE RECURRENT NOVA; CLASSICAL NOVAE; RS-OPHIUCHI; CENTRAL REGION; 2006 OUTBURST; V2491 CYG; PARTICLE-ACCELERATION; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; WHITE-DWARF AB V745 Sco is a recurrent nova, with the most recent eruption occurring in February 2014. V745 Sco was first observed by Swift a mere 3.7 h after the announcement of the optical discovery, with the super-soft X-ray emission being detected around 4 d later and lasting for only similar to 2 d, making it both the fastest follow-up of a nova by Swift and the earliest switch-on of super-soft emission yet detected. Such an early switch-on time suggests a combination of a very high velocity outflow and low ejected mass and, together with the high effective temperature reached by the super-soft emission, a high mass white dwarf (> 1.3 M circle dot). The X-ray spectral evolution was followed from an early epoch where shocked emission was evident, through the entirety of the super-soft phase, showing evolving column density, emission lines, absorption edges, and thermal continuum temperature. UV grism data were also obtained throughout the super-soft interval, with the spectra showing mainly emission lines from lower ionization transitions and the Balmer continuum in emission. V745 Sco is compared with both V2491 Cyg (another nova with a very short super-soft phase) and M31N 2008-12a (the most rapidly recurring nova yet discovered). The longer recurrence time compared to M31N 2008-12a could be due to a lower mass accretion rate, although inclination of the system may also play a part. Nova V745 Sco (2014) revealed the fastest evolving super-soft source phase yet discovered, providing a detailed and informative data set for study. C1 [Page, K. L.; Osborne, J. P.; Beardmore, A. P.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Xray & Observat Astron Grp, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Kuin, N. P. M.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Surrey RH5 6NT, England. [Henze, M.; Delgado, L.; Hernanz, M.] CSIC IEEC, Inst Ciencies Espai, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Walter, F. M.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Phys & Astron, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Bode, M. F.; Darnley, M. J.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England. [Drake, J. J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mukai, K.] NASA GCFC, CRESST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Mukai, K.] NASA GCFC, Xray Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Mukai, K.] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Nelson, T.; Woodward, C. E.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Ness, J. -U.] ESAC, ESA, Sci Operat Dept, Sci Operat Div, E-2861 Madrid, Spain. [Schwarz, G. J.] Amer Astron Soc, Washington, DC 20009 USA. [Shore, S. N.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis Enrico Fermi, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Shore, S. N.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. [Starrfield, S.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Page, KL (reprint author), Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Xray & Observat Astron Grp, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. EM klp5@leicester.ac.uk RI Hernanz, Margarita/K-1770-2014; OI Hernanz, Margarita/0000-0002-8651-7910; Henze, Martin/0000-0001-9985-3406 FU UK Space Agency; NSF; NASA; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) [ESP2013-41268-R, ESP2014-56003-R] FX KLP, JPO, and APB acknowledge funding from the UK Space Agency. SS acknowledges partial support to ASU from NSF and NASA grants. We thank the Swift PI, Neil Gehrels, together with the Observatory Duty Scientists and Science Planners, especially for their work in scheduling the grism observations. We thank Hans Krimm for adding V745 Sco to the BAT Transient Monitor and Brad Schaefer for useful discussion. This research has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) under the grants ESP2013-41268-R and ESP2014-56003-R. NR 94 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 11 PY 2015 VL 454 IS 3 BP 3108 EP 3120 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2144 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7QY UT WOS:000368000400065 ER PT J AU Sanchez, DA Giebels, B Fortin, P Horan, D Szostek, A Fegan, S Baczko, AK Finke, J Kadler, ML Kovalev, YY Lister, ML Pushkarev, AB Savolainen, T AF Sanchez, D. A. Giebels, B. Fortin, P. Horan, D. Szostek, A. Fegan, S. Baczko, A. -K. Finke, J. Kadler, M. L. Kovalev, Y. Y. Lister, M. L. Pushkarev, A. B. Savolainen, T. TI From radio to TeV: the surprising spectral energy distribution of AP Librae SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; BL Lacertae objects: individual: AP Librae; galaxies: jets ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; GAMMA-RAY EMISSION; LARGE-AREA TELESCOPE; SWIFT ULTRAVIOLET/OPTICAL TELESCOPE; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; BL-LACERTAE OBJECTS; BACKGROUND-RADIATION; BRIGHT BLAZARS; LAC OBJECTS; FERMI ERA AB Following the discovery of high-energy (HE; E > 10 MeV) and very-high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission from the low-frequency-peaked BL Lac (LBL) object AP Librae, its electromagnetic spectrum is studied over 60 octaves in energy. Contemporaneous data in radio, optical and UV together with the (non-simultaneous) gamma-ray data are used to construct the most precise spectral energy distribution of this source. The data have been found to be modelled with difficulties with single-zone homogeneous leptonic synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) radiative scenarios due to the unprecedented width of the HE component when compared to the lower-energy component. The two other LBL objects also detected at VHE appear to have similar modelling difficulties. Nevertheless, VHE gamma-rays produced in the extended jet could account for the VHE flux observed by HESS. C1 [Sanchez, D. A.] Univ Savoie, Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, CNRS IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. [Giebels, B.; Horan, D.; Fegan, S.] Ecole Polytech, CNRS IN2P3, Lab Leprince Ringuet, F-91128 Palaiseau, France. [Fortin, P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fred Lawrence Whipple Observ, Amado, AZ 85645 USA. [Szostek, A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Szostek, A.] Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baczko, A. -K.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Astron Inst, Dr Karl Remeis Observ ECAP, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Baczko, A. -K.; Kadler, M. L.] Univ Wurzburg, Lehrstuhl Astron, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Finke, J.] US Navy, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Kovalev, Y. Y.] Astro Space Ctr, PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Kovalev, Y. Y.; Pushkarev, A. B.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Lister, M. L.] Purdue Univ, Dept Phys, W Lafayette, IN 47906 USA. [Pushkarev, A. B.] Crimean Astrophys Observ, Nauchny 98409, Crimea, Russia. [Pushkarev, A. B.] Pulkovo Observ, St Petersburg 196140, Russia. [Savolainen, T.] Aalto Univ, Metsahovi Radio Observ, FI-02540 Kylmala, Finland. RP Sanchez, DA (reprint author), Univ Savoie, Lab Annecy Le Vieux Phys Particules, CNRS IN2P3, F-74941 Annecy Le Vieux, France. EM david.andre.sanchez@lapp.in2p3.fr RI Kovalev, Yuri/J-5671-2013; Pushkarev, Alexander/M-9997-2015; OI Kovalev, Yuri/0000-0001-9303-3263; Kadler, Matthias/0000-0001-5606-6154 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Department of Energy in the United States; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France; Agenzia Spaziale Italiana; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy; Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT); High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK); Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan; K. A. Wallenberg Foundation; Swedish Research Council; Swedish National Space Board in Sweden; NASA-Fermi grant [NNX12A087G]; Labex ENIGMASS; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [13-02-12103]; Academy of Finland [274477] FX The Fermi LAT Collaboration acknowledges generous ongoing support from a number of agencies and institutes that have supported both the development and the operation of the LAT as well as scientific data analysis. These include the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the Department of Energy in the United States, the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Institut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules in France, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana and the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare in Italy, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) in Japan, and the K. A. Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Research Council and the Swedish National Space Board in Sweden.; This research has made use of data from the MOJAVE data base that is maintained by the MOJAVE team (Lister et al. 2009). The MOJAVE program is supported under NASA-Fermi grant NNX12A087G.; DS was partially supported by the Labex ENIGMASS.; YYK and ABP were supported in part by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project 13-02-12103).; TS was partly supported by the Academy of Finland project 274477. NR 67 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 11 PY 2015 VL 454 IS 3 BP 3229 EP 3239 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2151 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7QY UT WOS:000368000400075 ER PT J AU Aird, J Alexander, DM Ballantyne, DR Civano, F Del-Moro, A Hickox, RC Lansbury, GB Mullaney, JR Bauer, FE Brandt, WN Comastri, A Fabian, AC Gandhi, P Harrison, FA Luo, B Stern, D Treister, E Zappacosta, L Ajello, M Assef, R Balokovic, M Boggs, SE Brightman, M Christensen, FE Craig, WW Elvis, M Forster, K Grefenstette, BW Hailey, CJ Koss, M LaMassa, SM Madsen, KK Puccetti, S Saez, C Urry, CM Wik, DR Zhang, W AF Aird, J. Alexander, D. M. Ballantyne, D. R. Civano, F. Del-Moro, A. Hickox, R. C. Lansbury, G. B. Mullaney, J. R. Bauer, F. E. Brandt, W. N. Comastri, A. Fabian, A. C. Gandhi, P. Harrison, F. A. Luo, B. Stern, D. Treister, E. Zappacosta, L. Ajello, M. Assef, R. Balokovic, M. Boggs, S. E. Brightman, M. Christensen, F. E. Craig, W. W. Elvis, M. Forster, K. Grefenstette, B. W. Hailey, C. J. Koss, M. LaMassa, S. M. Madsen, K. K. Puccetti, S. Saez, C. Urry, C. M. Wik, D. R. Zhang, W. TI THE NuSTAR EXTRAGALACTIC SURVEY: FIRST DIRECT MEASUREMENTS OF THE greater than or similar to 10 keV X-RAY LUMINOSITY FUNCTION FOR ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI AT z > 0.1 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: evolution; X-rays: galaxies ID DEEP FIELD-SOUTH; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLES; COMPTON-THICK AGN; POINT-SOURCE CATALOGS; SWIFT-BAT SURVEY; XMM-NEWTON; SEYFERT-GALAXIES; NUMBER COUNTS; SKY SURVEY; PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS AB We present the first direct measurements of the rest-frame 10-40 keV X-ray luminosity function (XLF) of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) based on a sample of 94 sources at 0.1 < z < 3, selected at 8-24 keV energies from sources in the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) extragalactic survey program. Our results are consistent with the strong evolution of the AGN population seen in prior, lower-energy studies of the XLF. However, different models of the intrinsic distribution of absorption, which are used to correct for selection biases, give significantly different predictions for the total number of sources in our sample, leading to small, systematic differences in our binned estimates of the XLF. Adopting a model with a lower intrinsic fraction of Compton-thick sources and a larger population of sources with column densities N-H similar to 10(23-24) cm(-2) or a model with stronger Compton reflection component (with a relative normalization of R similar to 2 at all luminosities) can bring extrapolations of the XLF from 2-10 keV into agreement with our NuSTAR sample. Ultimately, X-ray spectral analysis of the NuSTAR sources is required to break this degeneracy between the distribution of absorbing column densities and the strength of the Compton reflection component and thus refine our measurements of the XLF. Furthermore, the models that successfully describe the high-redshift population seen by NuSTAR tend to over-predict previous, high-energy measurements of the local XLF, indicating that there is evolution of the AGN population that is not fully captured by the current models. C1 [Aird, J.; Fabian, A. C.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Aird, J.; Alexander, D. M.; Del-Moro, A.; Lansbury, G. B.; Gandhi, P.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Ctr Extragalact Astron, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Ballantyne, D. R.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Ctr Relativist Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Civano, F.; LaMassa, S. M.; Urry, C. M.] Yale Ctr Astron & Astrophys, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Civano, F.; Elvis, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Civano, F.; Hickox, R. C.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Wilder Lab 6127, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Mullaney, J. R.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. [Bauer, F. E.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile. [Bauer, F. E.] Millennium Inst Astrophys, Santiago, Chile. [Bauer, F. E.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Brandt, W. N.; Luo, B.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Brandt, W. N.; Luo, B.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Brandt, W. N.] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Comastri, A.] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Bologna, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Gandhi, P.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Harrison, F. A.; Brightman, M.; Forster, K.; Grefenstette, B. W.; Madsen, K. K.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Stern, D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Treister, E.] Univ Concepcion, Dept Astron, Concepcion, Chile. [Zappacosta, L.; Puccetti, S.] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Roma, I-00040 Rome, Italy. [Ajello, M.; Boggs, S. E.; Craig, W. W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Assef, R.] Univ Diego Portales, Nucleo Astron Fac Ingn, Santiago, Chile. [Christensen, F. E.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Space Inst, DTU Space, Elektrovej 327, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Hailey, C. J.] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Koss, M.] ETH, Dept Phys, Inst Astron, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Puccetti, S.] ASDC ASI, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Saez, C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Wik, D. R.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Wik, D. R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Zhang, W.] West Virginia Wesleyan Coll, Phys & Engn Dept, Buckhannon, WV 26201 USA. RP Aird, J (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. EM jaird@ast.cam.ac.uk RI Boggs, Steven/E-4170-2015 OI Boggs, Steven/0000-0001-9567-4224 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; ERC Advanced Grant FEEDBACK at the University of Cambridge; Institute of Advanced Study, Durham University; Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) [ST/I001573/1, ST/K501979/1, ST/J003697/1]; Leverhulme Trust; Caltech Kingsley Visitor Program; NSF [AST 1008067]; NASA [11-ADAP11-0218, GO3-14150C]; Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship; Dartmouth Class of Faculty Fellowship; CONICYT-Chile [Basal-CATA PFB-06/2007]; FONDECYT [1141218, 1120061]; "EMBIGGEN" Anillo [ACT1101]; Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourisms Millennium Science Initiative [IC120009]; NASA NuSTAR [44A-1092750]; NASA ADP grant [NNX10AC99G]; ASI/INAF [I/037/12/0011/13]; NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program [NNX14AQ07H] FX This work made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the NuSTAR Operations, Software, and Calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. This research has made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NUSTARDAS) jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA). We acknowledge financial support from: ERC Advanced Grant FEEDBACK at the University of Cambridge (J.A., A.C.F.); a COFUND Junior Research Fellowship from the Institute of Advanced Study, Durham University (J.A.); the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) grants ST/I001573/1 (D.M.A. and A.D.M.), ST/K501979/1 (G.B.L.), and ST/J003697/1 (P.G.); the Leverhulme Trust (D.M.A.); the Caltech Kingsley Visitor Program (D.M.A., A.C.); NSF award AST 1008067 (D.R.B.); NASA grants 11-ADAP11-0218 and GO3-14150C (F.C.); an Alfred P. Sloan Research Fellowship and a Dartmouth Class of 1962 Faculty Fellowship (R.C.H.); CONICYT-Chile grants Basal-CATA PFB-06/2007 (F.E.B., E.T.); FONDECYT 1141218 (F.E.B.) and 1120061 (E.T.); "EMBIGGEN" Anillo ACT1101 (F.E.B., E.T.); the Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourisms Millennium Science Initiative through grant IC120009, awarded to The Millennium Institute of Astrophysics, MAS (F.E.B.); NASA NuSTAR subcontract 44A-1092750 and NASA ADP grant NNX10AC99G (W.N.B., B.L.); ASI/INAF grant I/037/12/0011/13 (A.C., L.Z.); and NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program grant NNX14AQ07H (M.B.). NR 87 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 1 AR 66 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/1/66 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ4XB UT WOS:000367105000066 ER PT J AU Faigler, S Kull, I Mazeh, T Kiefer, F Latham, DW Bloemen, S AF Faigler, S. Kull, I. Mazeh, T. Kiefer, F. Latham, D. W. Bloemen, S. TI BEER ANALYSIS OF KEPLER AND CoRoT LIGHT CURVES. IV. DISCOVERY OF FOUR NEW LOW-MASS WHITE DWARF COMPANIONS IN THE KEPLER DATA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars: individual (KIC 4169521, KIC 6515722, KOI-3818, KIC 2851474 KIC 9285587); white dwarfs ID ECLIPSING BINARY-SYSTEM; COMMON-ENVELOPE BINARY; DELTA-SCUTI STARS; EVOLUTION; PLANET; PULSAR; HELIUM; PERIOD; VARIABILITY; PULSATIONS AB We report the discovery of four short-period eclipsing systems in the Kepler light curves, consisting of an A-star primary and a low-mass white dwarf (WD) secondary (dA + WD)-KIC 4169521, KOI-3818, KIC 2851474, and KIC 9285587. The systems show BEaming, Ellipsoidal and Reflection (BEER) phase modulations together with primary and secondary eclipses. These add to the 6 Kepler and 18 WASP short-period eclipsing dA + WD binaries that were previously known. The light curves, together with follow-up spectroscopic observations, allow us to derive the masses, radii, and effective temperatures of the two components of the four systems. The orbital periods, of 1.17-3.82 days, and WD masses, of 0.19-0.22M(circle dot), are similar to those of the previously known systems. The WD radii of KOI-3818, KIC 2851474, and KIC 9285587 are 0.026, 0.035, and 0.026 R-circle dot, respectively, the smallest WD radii derived so far for short-period eclipsing dA vertical bar WD binaries. These three binaries extend the previously known population to older systems with cooler and smaller WD secondaries. KOI-3818 displays evidence for a fast-rotating primary and a minute but significant eccentricity, similar to 1.5. x. 10(-3). These features are probably the outcome of the mass-transfer process. C1 [Faigler, S.; Kull, I.; Mazeh, T.; Kiefer, F.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Latham, D. W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bloemen, S.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys, IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. RP Faigler, S (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Raymond & Beverly Sackler Fac Exact Sci, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. OI Faigler, Simchon/0000-0002-8368-5724; Latham, David/0000-0001-9911-7388 FU European Research Council under the EU's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7)/ ERC Grant [291352]; ISRAEL SCIENCE FOUNDATION [1423/11]; Israeli Centers Of Research Excellence (I-CORE) [1829/12]; NASA [NAS5-26555, NNX13AB58A]; NASA Office of Space Science [NNX09AF08G] FX We are thankful to the anonymous referee for comprehensive and valuable remarks that significantly improved this manuscript. We thank Donald W. Kurtz for his review and advice regarding the high-frequency photometric modulations that we report here. We are indebted to Andrew H. Szentgyorgyi, who led the TRES project, and to Gabor Furesz for his many contributions to the success of the instrument. We thank Perry Berlind, Gilbert A. Esquerdo, and Michael L. Calkins for obtaining the TRES observations, and Allyson Bieryla and Jessica Mink for help with the data analysis. We feel deeply indebted to the team of the Kepler mission, who enabled us to search and analyze their unprecedentedly accurate photometric data. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the EU's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/(2007-2013)/ ERC Grant Agreement No. 291352). This research was supported by the ISRAEL SCIENCE FOUNDATION (grant No. 1423/11) and the Israeli Centers Of Research Excellence (I-CORE, grant No. 1829/12). All of the photometric data presented in this paper were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for MAST for non-HST data is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science via grant NNX09AF08G and by other grants and contracts. We thank the Kepler mission for partial support of the spectroscopic observations under NASA Cooperative Agreement NNX13AB58A with the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, DWL PI. NR 80 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 1 AR 26 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/1/26 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ4XB UT WOS:000367105000026 ER PT J AU Huenemoerder, DP Gayley, KG Hamann, WR Ignace, R Nichols, JS Oskinova, L Pollock, AMT Schulz, NS Shenar, T AF Huenemoerder, David P. Gayley, K. G. Hamann, W. -R. Ignace, R. Nichols, J. S. Oskinova, L. Pollock, A. M. T. Schulz, N. S. Shenar, T. TI PROBING WOLF-RAYET WINDS: CHANDRA/HETG X-RAY SPECTRA OF WR 6 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE stars: individual (WR 6); stars: massive; stars: Wolf-Rayet ID EZ-CANIS-MAJORIS; HELIUM-LIKE IONS; BLANKETED MODEL ATMOSPHERES; MASSIVE ECLIPSING BINARY; RADIATION-DRIVEN WINDS; O-TYPE STARS; STELLAR WINDS; LINE-PROFILES; XMM-NEWTON; EMISSION LINES AB With a deep Chandra/HETGS exposure of WR 6, we have resolved emission lines whose profiles show that the X-rays originate from a uniformly expanding spherical wind of high X-ray-continuum optical depth. The presence of strong helium-like forbidden lines places the source of X-ray emission at tens to hundreds of stellar radii from the photosphere. Variability was present in X-rays and simultaneous optical photometry, but neither were correlated with the known period of the system or with each other. An enhanced abundance of sodium revealed nuclear-processed material, a quantity related to the evolutionary state of the star. The characterization of the extent and nature of the hot plasma in WR 6 will help to pave the way to a more fundamental theoretical understanding of the winds and evolution of massive stars. C1 [Huenemoerder, David P.; Schulz, N. S.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Gayley, K. G.] Univ Iowa, Dept Phys & Astron, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Hamann, W. -R.; Oskinova, L.; Shenar, T.] Univ Potsdam, Inst Phys & Astron, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. [Ignace, R.] E Tennessee State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA. [Nichols, J. S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Pollock, A. M. T.] European Space Agcy, ESAC, E-28691 Villanueva De La Canada, Spain. [Pollock, A. M. T.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. RP Huenemoerder, DP (reprint author), MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, 70 Vassar St, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM dph@space.mit.edu; ken.gayley@gmail.com; wrh@astro.physik.uni-potsdam.de; ignace@mail.etsu.edu; jnichols@cfa.harvard.edu; lida@astro.physik.uni-potsdam.de; shtomer@astro.physik.uni-potsdam.de FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [GO3-14003A, GO5-16009A, GO3-14003D, GO3-14003B, GO3-13003C]; National Aeronautics Space Administration [NAS8-03060]; Chandra X-ray Center NASA [NAS8-03060]; DLR grant [50 OR 1302] FX Support for this work was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra Award Numbers GO3-14003A and GO5-16009A to MIT (D.P.H.), GO3-14003D to ETSU (R.I.), GO3-14003B to SAO (J.N.), and GO3-13003C to UI (K.G.G.), issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060. J.S.N. is grateful for support from the Chandra X-ray Center NASA Contract NAS8-03060. L.O. thanks the DLR grant 50 OR 1302. NR 87 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 1 AR 29 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/1/29 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ4XB UT WOS:000367105000029 ER PT J AU Narita, N Hirano, T Fukui, A Hori, Y Sanchis-Ojeda, R Winn, JN Ryu, T Kusakabe, N Kudo, T Onitsuka, M Delrez, L Gillon, M Jehin, E McCormac, J Holman, M Izumiura, H Takeda, Y Tamura, M Yanagisawa, K AF Narita, Norio Hirano, Teruyuki Fukui, Akihiko Hori, Yasunori Sanchis-Ojeda, Roberto Winn, Joshua N. Ryu, Tsuguru Kusakabe, Nobuhiko Kudo, Tomoyuki Onitsuka, Masahiro Delrez, Laetitia Gillon, Michael Jehin, Emmanuel McCormac, James Holman, Matthew Izumiura, Hideyuki Takeda, Yoichi Tamura, Motohide Yanagisawa, Kenshi TI CHARACTERIZATION OF THE K2-19 MULTIPLE-TRANSITING PLANETARY SYSTEM VIA HIGH-DISPERSION SPECTROSCOPY, AO IMAGING, AND TRANSIT TIMING VARIATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: individual (K2-19b, K2-19c); stars: individual (K2-19); techniques: high angular resolution; techniques: photometric; techniques: spectroscopic ID MEAN MOTION RESONANCES; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; SUPER-NEPTUNE; GIANT PLANETS; KEPLER; STELLAR; PHOTOMETRY; MODEL; MASS; K2 AB K2-19 (EPIC201505350) is an interesting planetary system in which two transiting planets with radii similar to 7 R-circle plus (inner planet b) and similar to 4 R-circle plus (outer planet c) have orbits that are nearly in a 3:2 mean-motion resonance. Here, we present results of ground-based follow-up observations for the K2-19 planetary system. We have performed high-dispersion spectroscopy and high-contrast adaptive-optics imaging of the host star with the HDS and HiCIAO on the Subaru 8.2 m telescope. We find that the host star is a relatively old (>= 8 Gyr) late G-type star (T-eff similar to 5350 K, M-s similar to 0.9M(circle dot) and R-s similar to 0.9 R-circle dot). We do not find any contaminating faint objects near the host star that could be responsible for (or dilute) the transit signals. We have also conducted transit follow-up photometry for the inner planet with KeplerCam on the FLWO 1.2 m telescope, TRAPPISTCAM on the TRAPPIST 0.6 m telescope, and MuSCAT on the OAO 1.88 m telescope. We confirm the presence of transit timing variations (TTVs), as previously reported by Armstrong and coworkers. We model the observed TTVs of the inner planet using the synodic chopping formulae given by Deck & Agol. We find two statistically indistinguishable solutions for which the period ratios (P-c/P-b) are located slightly above and below the exact 3:2 commensurability. Despite the degeneracy, we derive the orbital period of the inner planet P-b similar to 7.921 days and the mass of the outer planet M-c similar to 20 M-circle plus. Additional transit photometry (especially for the outer planet) as well as precise radial-velocity measurements would be helpful to break the degeneracy and to determine the mass of the inner planet. C1 [Narita, Norio; Hori, Yasunori; Kusakabe, Nobuhiko; Takeda, Yoichi; Tamura, Motohide] Astrobiol Ctr, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Narita, Norio; Hori, Yasunori; Ryu, Tsuguru; Kusakabe, Nobuhiko; Onitsuka, Masahiro; Tamura, Motohide] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Narita, Norio; Ryu, Tsuguru; Onitsuka, Masahiro; Izumiura, Hideyuki] SOKENDAI Grad Univ Adv Studies, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Hirano, Teruyuki] Tokyo Inst Technol, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528551, Japan. [Fukui, Akihiko; Izumiura, Hideyuki; Yanagisawa, Kenshi] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Okayama Astrophys Observ, Asakuchi, Okayama 7190232, Japan. [Sanchis-Ojeda, Roberto] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Winn, Joshua N.] MIT, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Winn, Joshua N.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kudo, Tomoyuki] Subaru Telescope, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Delrez, Laetitia; Gillon, Michael; Jehin, Emmanuel] Univ Liege, Inst Astrophys & Geophys, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. [McCormac, James] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Holman, Matthew] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Tamura, Motohide] Univ Tokyo, Dept Astron, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. RP Narita, N (reprint author), Astrobiol Ctr, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. EM norio.narita@nao.ac.jp OI /0000-0002-4265-047X FU NAOJ Fellowship; Inoue Science Research Award; JSPS KAKENHI [25247026]; Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) [25-3183]; Astrobiology Center Project of National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) [AB271009]; MEXT [26103711]; NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute; NASA Origins program [NNX11AG85G]; FNRS; F.R.S.-FNRS [FRFC 2.5.594.09.F]; Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF); [15H02063] FX N.N. acknowledges support by the NAOJ Fellowship, Inoue Science Research Award, and Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) (JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 25247026). T.H. is supported by a Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) Fellowship for Research (No. 25-3183). A.F. acknowledges support by the Astrobiology Center Project of National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS) (Grant Number AB271009). Y.H. is supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (No. 26103711) from MEXT. This work was performed, in part, under contract with the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Work by J.N.W. was supported by the NASA Origins program (grant NNX11AG85G). M.G. and E.J. are Research Associates at the Belgian Fund for Scientific Research (Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique, F.R.S-FNRS). L.D. received the support of the F.R.I. A. fund of the FNRS. TRAPPIST is a project funded by the F.R.S.-FNRS under grant FRFC 2.5.594.09. F, with the participation of the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF). M.T. is supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (No. 15H02063). This research has made use of the Exoplanet Orbit Database and the Exoplanet Data Explorer at exoplanets.org. We also thank Masahiro Ogihara for helpful comments on the dynamics of MMR systems. NR 66 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 8 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 1 AR 47 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/1/47 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ4XB UT WOS:000367105000047 ER PT J AU Schuler, SC Vaz, ZA Santrich, OJK Cunha, K Smith, VV King, JR Teske, JK Ghezzi, L Howell, SB Isaacson, H AF Schuler, Simon C. Vaz, Zachary A. Santrich, Orlando J. Katime Cunha, Katia Smith, Verne V. King, Jeremy R. Teske, Johanna K. Ghezzi, Luan Howell, Steve B. Isaacson, Howard TI DETAILED ABUNDANCES OF STARS WITH SMALL PLANETS DISCOVERED BY KEPLER. I. THE FIRST SAMPLE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planets and satellites: formation; planets and satellites: terrestrial planets; stars: abundances; stars: atmospheres ID SOLAR-TYPE STARS; GALACTIC CHEMICAL EVOLUTION; CANDIDATE HOST STARS; MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; OPEN CLUSTER DWARFS; RED-GIANT STARS; LINE-DATA-BASE; SUN-LIKE STARS; 4 EARTH RADII; LITHIUM ABUNDANCES AB We present newly derived stellar parameters and the detailed abundances of 19 elements of seven stars with small planets discovered by NASA's Kepler Mission. Each star, save one, has at least one planet with a radius <= 1.6 R-circle plus, suggesting a primarily rocky composition. The stellar parameters and abundances are derived from high signal-to-noise ratio, high-resolution echelle spectroscopy obtained with the 10 m Keck I telescope and High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer using standard spectroscopic techniques. The metallicities of the seven stars range from -0.32 to + 0.13 dex, with an average metallicity that is subsolar, supporting previous suggestions that, unlike Jupiter-type giant planets, small planets do not form preferentially around metal-rich stars. The abundances of elements other than iron are in line with a population of Galactic disk stars, and despite our modest sample size, we find hints that the compositions of stars with small planets are similar to stars without known planets and with Neptune-size planets, but not to those of stars with giant planets. This suggests that the formation of small planets does not require exceptional host-star compositions and that small planets may be ubiquitous in the Galaxy. We compare our derived abundances (which have typical uncertainties of less than or similar to 0.04 dex) to the condensation temperature of the elements; a correlation between the two has been suggested as a possible signature of rocky planet formation. None of the stars demonstrate the putative rocky planet signature, despite at least three of the stars having rocky planets estimated to contain enough refractory material to produce the signature, if real. More detailed abundance analyses of stars known to host small planets are needed to verify our results and place ever more stringent constraints on planet formation models. C1 [Schuler, Simon C.; Vaz, Zachary A.] Univ Tampa, Tampa, FL 33606 USA. [Santrich, Orlando J. Katime; Cunha, Katia; Smith, Verne V.] Observ Nacl, Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Cunha, Katia] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Smith, Verne V.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [King, Jeremy R.] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Teske, Johanna K.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Ghezzi, Luan] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Howell, Steve B.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Isaacson, Howard] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Schuler, SC (reprint author), Univ Tampa, Tampa, FL 33606 USA. EM sschuler@ut.edu; zachary.vaz@spartans.ut.edu; osantrich@on.br; kcunha@noao.edu; vsmith@noao.edu; jking2@clemson.edu; jteske@carnegiescience.edu; lghezzi@cfa.harvard.edu; steve.b.howell@nasa.gov; hisaacson@berkeley.edu OI Schuler, Simon/0000-0001-7203-8014; Isaacson, Howard/0000-0002-0531-1073 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration as part of the Kepler Participating Scientist Program [NNX12AD19G]; W. M. Keck Foundation FX We graciously thank F. Valdes at NOAO for his help with the processing of the Keck/HIRES data, as well as G. Marcy and A. Howard for their role in obtaining the KFOP/Keck spectra. S. C. S. acknowledges support provided by grant NNX12AD19G from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration as part of the Kepler Participating Scientist Program. Some data presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory from telescope time allocated to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the agency's scientific partnership with the California Institute of Technology and the University of California. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. Additional data were obtained at Kitt Peak National Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. This research has made use of the NASA Exoplanet Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. NR 131 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 1 AR 5 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/1/5 PG 22 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ4XB UT WOS:000367105000005 ER PT J AU Williams, PKG Casewell, SL Stark, CR Littlefair, SP Helling, C Berger, E AF Williams, P. K. G. Casewell, S. L. Stark, C. R. Littlefair, S. P. Helling, Ch. Berger, E. TI THE FIRST MILLIMETER DETECTION OF A NON-ACCRETING ULTRACOOL DWARF SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE brown dwarfs; radio continuum: stars; stars: individual (TVLM 513-46546) ID LOW-MASS STARS; ELECTRON-CYCLOTRON MASER; SIMULTANEOUS MULTIWAVELENGTH OBSERVATIONS; SKY SURVEY 2MASS; L FIELD DWARFS; RADIO-EMISSION; MAGNETIC ACTIVITY; TVLM 513-46546; BROWN DWARFS; MAIN-SEQUENCE AB The well-studied M9 dwarf TVLM 513-46546 is a rapid rotator (P-rot similar to 2 hr) hosting a stable, dipolar magnetic field of similar to 3 kG surface strength. Here we report its detection with ALMA at 95 GHz at a mean flux density of 56 +/- 12 mu Jy, making it the first ultracool dwarf detected in the millimeter band, excluding young, disk-bearing objects. We also report flux density measurements from unpublished archival VLA data and new optical monitoring data from the Liverpool Telescope. The ALMA data are consistent with a power-law radio spectrum that extends continuously between centimeter and millimeter wavelengths. We argue that the emission is due to the synchrotron process, excluding thermal, free-free, and electron cyclotron maser emission as possible sources. During the interval of the ALMA observation that phases with the maximum of the object's optical variability, the flux density is higher at a similar to 1.8 sigma significance level. These early results show how ALMA opens a new window for studying the magnetic activity of ultracool dwarfs, particularly shedding light on the particle acceleration mechanism operating in their immediate surroundings. C1 [Williams, P. K. G.; Berger, E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Casewell, S. L.] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. [Stark, C. R.] Abertay Univ, Div Comp & Math, Dundee DD1, Scotland. [Littlefair, S. P.] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England. [Helling, Ch.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. RP Williams, PKG (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM pwilliams@cfa.harvard.edu RI Stark, Craig /A-7667-2016; OI Littlefair, Stuart/0000-0001-7221-855X; Williams, Peter/0000-0003-3734-3587 FU UK Science and Technology Facilities Council; National Science Foundation [AST-1008361]; European Community under the FP7 by the ERC [257431] FX We thank Aleksander Wolszczan for providing the ephemeris prediction for our optical observations. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO. ALMA#2013.1.00293.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), NSC, and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. The VLA is operated by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory, a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. The Liverpool Telescope is operated on the island of La Palma by Liverpool John Moores University in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias with financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. We acknowledge support for this work from the National Science Foundation through Grant AST-1008361. Ch.H. acknowledges support from the European Community under the FP7 by the ERC starting grant 257431. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France; NASA's Astrophysics Data System; and Astropy, a community-developed core Python package for astronomy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013). NR 81 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 1 AR 64 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/1/64 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ4XB UT WOS:000367105000064 ER PT J AU Zucker, C Battersby, C Goodman, A AF Zucker, Catherine Battersby, Cara Goodman, Alyssa TI THE SKELETON OF THE MILKY WAY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: kinematics and dynamics; Galaxy: structure; ISM: clouds ID INFRARED-DARK CLOUD; STAR-FORMING REGIONS; GALACTIC SPIRAL STRUCTURE; DUST CONTINUUM SOURCES; TRIGONOMETRIC PARALLAXES; MOLECULAR FILAMENTS; GALAXY; DISTANCES; DISK; ARM AB Recently, Goodman et al. argued that the very long, very thin infrared dark cloud "Nessie" lies directly in the Galactic midplane and runs along the Scutum-Centaurus Arm in position-position-velocity (p-p-v) space as traced by lower-density CO and higher-density NH3 gas. Nessie was presented as the first "bone" of the Milky Way, an extraordinarily long, thin, high-contrast filament that can be used to map our Galaxy's "skeleton." Here we present evidence for additional bones in the Milky Way, arguing that Nessie is not a curiosity but one of several filaments that could potentially trace Galactic structure. Our 10 bone candidates are all long, filamentary, mid-infrared extinction features that lie parallel to, and no more than 20 pc from, the physical Galactic mid-plane. We use CO, N2H+, HCO+,and NH3 radial velocity data to establish the three-dimensional location of the candidates in p-p-v space. Of the 10 candidates, 6 also have a projected aspect ratio of >= 50: 1; run along, or extremely close to, the Scutum-Centaurus Arm in p-p-v space; and exhibit no abrupt shifts in velocity. The evidence presented here suggests that these candidates mark the locations of significant spiral features, with the bone called filament 5 ("BC_18.88-0.09") being a close analog to Nessie in the northern sky. As molecular spectral-line and extinction maps cover more of the sky at increasing resolution and sensitivity, it should be possible to find more bones in future studies. C1 [Zucker, Catherine] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. [Zucker, Catherine; Battersby, Cara; Goodman, Alyssa] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Zucker, C (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM catherine.zucker@cfa.harvard.edu RI Goodman, Alyssa/A-6007-2010; OI Goodman, Alyssa/0000-0003-1312-0477; Zucker, Catherine/0000-0002-2250-730X FU Microsoft Research; National Science Foundation REU program under NSF [1262851]; Smithsonian Institution; National Science Foundation [AST-9800334, AST-0098562, AST-0100793]; National Science Foundation Department of Defense ASSURE program under NSF [1262851] FX This work is supported in part by the National Science Foundation REU and Department of Defense ASSURE programs under NSF Grant no. 1262851 and by the Smithsonian Institution.; This publication makes use of molecular line data from the Boston University-FCRAO Galactic Ring Survey (GRS). The GRS is a joint project of Boston University and Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory, funded by the National Science Foundation under grants AST-9800334, AST-0098562, and AST-0100793. This publication also makes use of data from the H2O Southern Galactic Plane Survey and the Millimetre Astronomy Legacy Team 90 GHz Survey.; The Glue software is developed by the Seamless Astronomy group at the Center for Astrophysics, under contract to NASA's James Webb Space Telescope program. World Wide Telescope has been developed and supported by Microsoft Research, in part through gifts to the Seamless Astronomy program, and it is now an open-source resource available on GitHub. NR 49 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 10 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 1 AR 23 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/815/1/23 PG 25 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ4XB UT WOS:000367105000023 ER PT J AU Banzatti, A Pinilla, P Ricci, L Pontoppidan, KM Birnstiel, T Ciesla, F AF Banzatti, A. Pinilla, P. Ricci, L. Pontoppidan, K. M. Birnstiel, T. Ciesla, F. TI DIRECT IMAGING OF THE WATER SNOW LINE AT THE TIME OF PLANET FORMATION USING TWO ALMA CONTINUUM BANDS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; planets and satellites: formation; protoplanetary disks; stars: individual (HD 163296, HL Tau); stars: pre-main sequence ID DUST GRAIN-SIZE; LOW-MASS STARS; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; EVOLUTION; GROWTH; CONSTRAINTS; TAU; CONDENSATION; PARTICLES AB Molecular snow lines in protoplanetary disks have been studied theoretically for decades because of their importance in shaping planetary architectures and compositions. The water snow line lies in the planet formation region at less than or similar to 10 AU, and so far its location has been estimated only indirectly from spatially unresolved spectroscopy. This work presents a proof-of-concept method to directly image the water snow line in protoplanetary disks through its physical and chemical imprint on the local dust properties. We adopt a physical disk model that includes dust coagulation, fragmentation, drift, and a change in fragmentation velocities of a factor of 10 between dry silicates and icy grains as found by laboratory work. We find that the presence of a water snow line leads to a sharp discontinuity in the radial profile of the dust emission spectral index amm due to replenishment of small grains through fragmentation. We use the ALMA simulator to demonstrate that this effect can be observed in protoplanetary disks using spatially resolved ALMA images in two continuum bands. We explore the model dependence on the disk viscosity and find that the spectral index reveals the water snow line for a wide range of conditions, with opposite trends when the emission is optically thin rather than thick. If the disk viscosity is low (alpha(visc) < 10(-3)), the snow line produces a ringlike structure with a minimum at alpha(mm) similar to 2 in the optically thick regime, possibly similar to what has been measured with ALMA in the innermost region of the HL Tau disk. C1 [Banzatti, A.; Pontoppidan, K. M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Pinilla, P.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Ricci, L.; Birnstiel, T.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ciesla, F.] Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Banzatti, A (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM banzatti@stsci.edu OI Birnstiel, Tilman/0000-0002-1899-8783 FU NASA Origins of the Solar System grant [OSS 11-OSS11-0120]; Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen professor prize; NASA Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program [NAG 5-10201] FX We thank the referee for helpful feedback. A.B. acknowledges financial support by NASA Origins of the Solar System grant No. OSS 11-OSS11-0120, NASA Planetary Geology and Geophysics Program under grant NAG 5-10201. P.P. is supported by a Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen professor prize to Ewine van Dishoeck. NR 49 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 10 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 1 AR L15 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/815/1/L15 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CY5EV UT WOS:000366431800015 ER PT J AU Gezari, S Chornock, R Lawrence, A Rest, A Jones, DO Berger, E Challis, PM Narayan, G AF Gezari, S. Chornock, R. Lawrence, A. Rest, A. Jones, D. O. Berger, E. Challis, P. M. Narayan, G. TI PS1-10jh CONTINUES TO FOLLOW THE FALLBACK ACCRETION RATE OF A TIDALLY DISRUPTED STAR SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; black hole physics; galaxies: nuclei; ultraviolet: general ID SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; MAIN-SEQUENCE STAR; DISK ACCRETION; EVENTS; GALAXIES; FLARES; BRIGHT; GALEX AB We present late-time observations of the tidal disruption event candidate PS1-10jh. UV and optical imaging with Hubble Space Telescope/WFC3 localize the transient to be coincident with the host galaxy nucleus to an accuracy of 0.023 arcsec, corresponding to 66 pc. The UV flux in the F225W filter, measured 3.35 rest-frame years after the peak of the nuclear flare, is consistent with a decline that continues to follow a t(-5/3) power-law with no spectral evolution. Late epochs of optical spectroscopy obtained with MMT similar to 2 and 4 years after the peak, enable a clean subtraction of the host galaxy from the early spectra, revealing broad helium emission lines on top of a hot continuum, and placing stringent upper limits on the presence of hydrogen line emission. We do not measure Balmer Hd absorption in the host galaxy that is strong enough to be indicative of a rare, post-starburst "E + A" galaxy as reported by Arcavi et al. The light curve of PS1-10jh over a baseline of 3.5 years is best modeled by fallback accretion of a tidally disrupted star. Its strong broad helium emission relative to hydrogen (He II lambda 4686/H alpha > 5) could be indicative of either the hydrogen-poor chemical composition of the disrupted star, or certain conditions in the tidal debris of a solar-composition star in the presence of an optically thick, extended reprocessing envelope. C1 [Gezari, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Chornock, R.] Ohio Univ, Inst Astrophys, Dept Phys & Astron, Clippinger Lab 251B, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Lawrence, A.] Univ Edinburgh Scottish Univ Phys Alliance, Inst Astron, Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Rest, A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Jones, D. O.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Berger, E.; Challis, P. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Narayan, G.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Gezari, S (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, Stadium Dr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM suvi@astro.umd.edu OI Narayan, Gautham/0000-0001-6022-0484 FU NSF CAREER grant [1454816]; National Science Foundation [PHY-1066293]; NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope [13371]; NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute [13371]; NASA [NAS 5-26555] FX We thank the anonymous referee for helpful comments. S.G. was supported in part by NSF CAREER grant 1454816. R.C. thanks the Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by National Science Foundation grant PHY-1066293, for their hospitality while some of this work was performed. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope associated with program # 13371. Support for program # 13371 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. Some of the observations reported here were obtained at the MMT Observatory, a joint facility of the Smithsonian Institution and the University of Arizona. NR 41 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 10 PY 2015 VL 815 IS 1 AR L5 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/815/1/L5 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CY5EV UT WOS:000366431800005 ER PT J AU Dobrynin, P Liu, SP Tamazian, G Xiong, ZJ Yurchenko, AA Krasheninnikova, K Kliver, S Schmidt-Kuntzel, A Koepfli, KP Johnson, W Kuderna, LFK Garcia-Perez, R de Manuel, M Godinez, R Komissarov, A Makunin, A Brukhin, V Qiu, WL Zhou, L Li, F Yi, J Driscoll, C Antunes, A Oleksyk, TK Eizirik, E Perelman, P Roelke, M Wildt, D Diekhans, M Marques-Bonet, T Marker, L JunWang, JB Wang, J Zhang, GJ O'Brien, SJ AF Dobrynin, Pavel Liu, Shiping Tamazian, Gaik Xiong, Zijun Yurchenko, Andrey A. Krasheninnikova, Ksenia Kliver, Sergey Schmidt-Kuentzel, Anne Koepfli, Klaus-Peter Johnson, Warren Kuderna, Lukas F. K. Garcia-Perez, Raquel de Manuel, Marc Godinez, Ricardo Komissarov, Aleksey Makunin, Alexey Brukhin, Vladimir Qiu, Weilin Zhou, Long Li, Fang Yi, Jian Driscoll, Carlos Antunes, Agostinho Oleksyk, Taras K. Eizirik, Eduardo Perelman, Polina Roelke, Melody Wildt, David Diekhans, Mark Marques-Bonet, Tomas Marker, Laurie Bhak, Jong Wang, Jun Zhang, Guojie O'Brien, Stephen J. TI Genomic legacy of the African cheetah, Acinonyx jubatus SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Genetic diversity; Conservation biology; Population biology ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; DOMESTIC CAT; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; GENETIC-VARIATION; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; POSITIVE SELECTION; SATELLITE DNA; ASIATIC LIONS; EVOLUTION; DATABASE AB Background: Patterns of genetic and genomic variance are informative in inferring population history for human, model species and endangered populations. Results: Here the genome sequence of wild-born African cheetahs reveals extreme genomic depletion in SNV incidence, SNV density, SNVs of coding genes, MHC class I and II genes, and mitochondrial DNA SNVs. Cheetah genomes are on average 95 % homozygous compared to the genomes of the outbred domestic cat (24.08 % homozygous), Virunga Mountain Gorilla (78.12 %), inbred Abyssinian cat (62.63 %), Tasmanian devil, domestic dog and other mammalian species. Demographic estimators impute two ancestral population bottlenecks: one >100,000 years ago coincident with cheetah migrations out of the Americas and into Eurasia and Africa, and a second 11,084-12,589 years ago in Africa coincident with late Pleistocene large mammal extinctions. MHC class I gene loss and dramatic reduction in functional diversity of MHC genes would explain why cheetahs ablate skin graft rejection among unrelated individuals. Significant excess of non-synonymous mutations in AKAP4 (p < 0.02), a gene mediating spermatozoon development, indicates cheetah fixation of five function-damaging amino acid variants distinct from AKAP4 homologues of other Felidae or mammals; AKAP4 dysfunction may cause the cheetah's extremely high (>80 %) pleiomorphic sperm. Conclusions: The study provides an unprecedented genomic perspective for the rare cheetah, with potential relevance to the species' natural history, physiological adaptations and unique reproductive disposition. C1 [Dobrynin, Pavel; Tamazian, Gaik; Yurchenko, Andrey A.; Krasheninnikova, Ksenia; Kliver, Sergey; Koepfli, Klaus-Peter; Komissarov, Aleksey; Makunin, Alexey; Brukhin, Vladimir; O'Brien, Stephen J.] St Petersburg State Univ, Theodosius Dobzhansky Ctr Genome Bioinformat, St Petersburg 199004, Russia. [Liu, Shiping; Xiong, Zijun; Qiu, Weilin; Zhou, Long; Li, Fang; Yi, Jian; Zhang, Guojie] BGI Shenzhen, Natl Genbank, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China. [Koepfli, Klaus-Peter; Johnson, Warren; Wildt, David] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Washington, DC 20007 USA. [Kuderna, Lukas F. K.; Garcia-Perez, Raquel; de Manuel, Marc; Marques-Bonet, Tomas] Inst Biol Evolut CSIC UPF, Barcelona 08003, Spain. [Godinez, Ricardo] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Godinez, Ricardo] Harvard Univ, Museum Comparat Zool, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Driscoll, Carlos] Neurogenet Lab, NIAAA, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Antunes, Agostinho] Univ Porto, Interdisciplinary Ctr Marine & Environm Res, CIIMAR CIMAR, P-4050123 Oporto, Portugal. [Antunes, Agostinho] Univ Porto, Dept Biol, Fac Sci, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal. [Oleksyk, Taras K.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Eizirik, Eduardo] Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul, Fac Biociencias, Lab Biol Genom & Mol, BR-90619900 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Makunin, Alexey; Perelman, Polina] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Mol & Cellular Biol, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Perelman, Polina] Novosibirsk State Univ, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia. [Roelke, Melody] Leidos Biomed Res Inc, Lab Anim Sci Progras, Frederick Natl Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Diekhans, Mark] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ctr Biomol Sci & Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Schmidt-Kuentzel, Anne] Cheetah Conservat Fund, Life Technol Conservat Genet Lab, Otjiwarongo 9000, Namibia. [Marker, Laurie] Cheetah Conservat Fund, Otjiwarongo 9000, Namibia. [Bhak, Jong] UNIST, Dept Biomed Engn, Ulsan, South Korea. [Wang, Jun] BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jun] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Wang, Jun] King Abdulaziz Univ, Princess Jawhara Ctr Excellence Res Hereditary, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. [Wang, Jun] Macau Univ Sci & Technol, Taipa 999078, Macau, Peoples R China. [O'Brien, Stephen J.] Nova SE Univ, Oceanog Ctr, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33004 USA. ICREA, Barcelona, Spain. [Marques-Bonet, Tomas] CNAG, Barcelona 08013, Spain. [Marques-Bonet, Tomas] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Life Sci, State Key Lab Biocontrol, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Guojie] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Social Evolut, Dept Biol, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP O'Brien, SJ (reprint author), St Petersburg State Univ, Theodosius Dobzhansky Ctr Genome Bioinformat, 41A Sredniy Ave, St Petersburg 199004, Russia. EM lgdchief@gmail.com RI Yurchenko, Andrey/N-2698-2015; Eizirik, Eduardo/K-8034-2012; Tamazian, Gaik/P-4723-2015; Perelman, Polina/N-8088-2015; Makunin, Alexey/N-2055-2015; OI Yurchenko, Andrey/0000-0002-2239-6902; Eizirik, Eduardo/0000-0002-9658-0999; Tamazian, Gaik/0000-0002-2931-1123; Perelman, Polina/0000-0002-0982-5100; Makunin, Alexey/0000-0002-9555-5097; Kuderna, Lukas/0000-0002-9992-9295; Zhang, Guojie/0000-0001-6860-1521; Marques-Bonet, Tomas/0000-0002-5597-3075; Driscoll, Carlos/0000-0003-2392-505X FU Russian Ministry of Science Mega-grant [11.G34.31.0068]; St. Petersburg State University grant [1.50.1623.2013]; ICREA grant [BFU2014-55090-P]; EMBO YIP grant [BFU2015-7116- ERC]; MICINN grant [BFU2015-6215-ERC] FX This work was supported in part by a Russian Ministry of Science Mega-grant (no 11.G34.31.0068), a St. Petersburg State University grant (no 1.50.1623.2013), an ICREA grant (no. BFU2014-55090-P), an EMBO YIP 2013 grant (no. BFU2015-7116- ERC) and an MICINN grant (no. BFU2015-6215-ERC). Sample collection and validation of reproductive genes were performed under the permit number 1833/2013, granted by the Namibian Ministry of Environment and Tourism. The authors would like to express their gratitude to Benedict Paten, Joel Armstrong, Glenn Hickey and Brian Raney of the UCSC Genomics Institute for their support of the Progressive Cactus tool and the HAL tools package. NR 94 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 48 U2 156 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1465-6906 EI 1474-760X J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PD DEC 10 PY 2015 VL 16 AR 277 DI 10.1186/s13059-015-0837-4 PG 19 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CY0OP UT WOS:000366105700001 PM 26653294 ER PT J AU Harasewych, MG Windsor, AM Lopez-Vera, E Thompson, FG AF Harasewych, M. G. Windsor, Amanda M. Lopez-Vera, Estuardo Thompson, Fred G. TI On the phylogenetic relationships of the genus Mexistrophia and of the family Cerionidae (Gastropoda: Eupulmonata) SO NAUTILUS LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; LAND SNAILS; PULMONATA CERIONIDAE; MIXED MODELS; STYLOMMATOPHORA; CLASSIFICATION; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; PALEOCENE; EVOLUTION; PRIMERS AB Phylogenetic analyses of partial DNA sequences of the mitochondrial COI and 16S rDNA genes derived from Mexistrophia reticulata Thompson, 2011, the type species of the genus Mexistrophia, indicate that this genus is sister taxon to all remaining living Cerionidae, and that the family Cerionidae is most closely related to Urocoptidae. Relationships among representative cerionid taxa are consistent with the zoogeographic hypothesis that Mexistrophia has been isolated from the remaining living Cerionidae since the Cretaceous, and suggest that the near-shore, halophilic habitat that has commonly been associated with this family is likely a Cenozoic adaptation that coincided with the transition from continental to island habitats. The genus Protocerion is described to include the Late Cretaceous species Cerion acherontis Roth and Hartman, 1998, as its retention in Cerion would render this genus paraphyletic. C1 [Harasewych, M. G.; Windsor, Amanda M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Lopez-Vera, Estuardo] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Thompson, Fred G.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Harasewych, MG (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, MRC 163,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM Harasewych@si.edu NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU BAILEY-MATTHEWS SHELL MUSEUM PI SANIBEL PA C/O DR JOSE H LEAL, ASSOCIATE/MANAGING EDITOR, 3075 SANIBEL-CAPTIVA RD, SANIBEL, FL 33957 USA SN 0028-1344 J9 NAUTILUS JI Nautilus PD DEC 10 PY 2015 VL 129 IS 4 BP 156 EP 162 PG 7 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA CY3WB UT WOS:000366339500002 ER PT J AU Boersma, AT Pyenson, ND AF Boersma, Alexandra T. Pyenson, Nicholas D. TI Albicetus oxymycterus, a New Generic Name and Redescription of a Basal Physeteroid (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Miocene of California, and the Evolution of Body Size in Sperm Whales SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MARINE MAMMALS; CROWN CETACEA; MACROCEPHALUS; CEPHALOPODS; FALL; PERU AB Living sperm whales are represented by only three species (Physeter macrocephalus, Kogia breviceps and Kogia sima), but their fossil record provides evidence of an ecologically diverse array of different forms, including morphologies and body sizes without analog among living physeteroids. Here we provide a redescription of Ontocetus oxymycterus, a large but incomplete fossil sperm whale specimen from the middle Miocene Monterey Formation of California, described by Remington Kellogg in 1925. The type specimen consists of a partial rostrum, both mandibles, an isolated upper rostrum fragment, and incomplete tooth fragments. Although incomplete, these remains exhibit characteristics that, when combined, set it apart morphologically from all other known physeteroids (e.g., a closed mesorostral groove, and the retention of enameled tooth crowns). Kellogg originally placed this species in the genus Ontocetus, a enigmatic tooth taxon reported from the 19th century, based on similarities between the type specimen Ontocetus emmonsi and the conspicuously large lower dentition of Ontocetus oxymycterus. However, the type of the genus Ontocetus is now known to represent a walrus tusk (belonging to fossil Odobenidae) instead of a cetacean tooth. Thus, we assign this species to the new genus Albicetus, creating the new combination of Albicetus oxymycterus, gen. nov. We provide new morphological observations of the type specimen, including a 3D model. We also calculate a total length of approximately 6 m in life, using cranial proxies of body size for physeteroids. Lastly, a phylogenetic analysis of Albicetus oxymycterus with other fossil and living Physeteroidea resolves its position as a stem physeteroid, implying that large body size and robust dentition in physeteroids evolved multiple times and in distantly related lineages. C1 [Boersma, Alexandra T.] Vassar Coll, Dept Earth Sci & Geog, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604 USA. [Boersma, Alexandra T.; Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Burke Museum Nat Hist & Culture, Dept Mammal, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Pyenson, Nicholas D.] Burke Museum Nat Hist & Culture, Dept Paleontol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Boersma, AT (reprint author), Vassar Coll, Dept Earth Sci & Geog, Poughkeepsie, NY 12604 USA. EM boersma.alex@gmail.com FU Vassar College; NMNH Remington Kellogg Fund; Basis Foundation FX This work was supported by Vassar College (AB), and the NMNH Remington Kellogg Fund and Basis Foundation (NDP) (http://www.mnh.si.edu/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 9 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 12 AR e0135551 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0135551 PG 32 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CZ1YX UT WOS:000366903300001 PM 26651027 ER PT J AU Nagashima, JB Sylvester, SR Nelson, JL Cheong, SH Mukai, C Lambo, C Flanders, JA Meyers-Wallen, VN Songsasen, N Travis, AJ AF Nagashima, Jennifer B. Sylvester, Skylar R. Nelson, Jacquelyn L. Cheong, Soon Hon Mukai, Chinatsu Lambo, Colleen Flanders, James A. Meyers-Wallen, Vicki N. Songsasen, Nucharin Travis, Alexander J. TI Live Births from Domestic Dog (Canis familiaris) Embryos Produced by In Vitro Fertilization SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PROGESTERONE-RECEPTORS; NUCLEAR MATURATION; ACROSOME REACTION; CALCIUM INFLUX; OOCYTES; SPERMATOZOA; BITCH; IMMUNOLOCALIZATION; CAPACITATION; EXOCYTOSIS AB Development of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in the dog has resisted progress for decades, due to their unique reproductive physiology. This lack of progress is remarkable given the critical role ART could play in conserving endangered canid species or eradicating heritable disease through gene-editing technologies-an approach that would also advance the dog as a biomedicalmodel. Over 350 heritable disorders/traits in dogs are homologous with human conditions, almost twice the number of any other species. Here we report the first live births from in vitro fertilized embryos in the dog. Adding to the practical significance, these embryos had also been cryopreserved. Changes in handling of both gametes enabled this progress. The medium previously used to capacitate sperm excludedmagnesium because it delayed spontaneous acrosome exocytosis. We found that magnesium significantly enhanced sperm hyperactivation and ability to undergo physiologically-induced acrosome exocytosis, two functions essential to fertilize an egg. Unlike other mammals, dogs ovulate a primary oocyte, which reaches metaphase II on Days 4-5 after the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge. We found that only on Day 6 are oocytes consistently able to be fertilized. In vitro fertilization of Day 6 oocytes with sperm capacitated inmediumsupplemented with magnesium resulted in high rates of embryo development (78.8%, n = 146). Intra-oviductal transfer of nineteen cryopreserved, in vitro fertilization (IVF)-derived embryos resulted in seven live, healthy puppies. Development of IVF enables modern genetic approaches to be applied more efficiently in dogs, and for gamete rescue to conserve endangered canid species. C1 [Nagashima, Jennifer B.; Sylvester, Skylar R.; Nelson, Jacquelyn L.; Mukai, Chinatsu; Lambo, Colleen; Meyers-Wallen, Vicki N.; Travis, Alexander J.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Baker Inst Anim Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Nagashima, Jennifer B.; Travis, Alexander J.] Cornell Univ, Atkinson Ctr Sustainable Future, Ithaca, NY USA. [Nagashima, Jennifer B.; Songsasen, Nucharin] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VA USA. [Cheong, Soon Hon; Flanders, James A.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Travis, AJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Baker Inst Anim Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM ajt32@cornell.edu FU National Institutes of Health [DP-EB016541]; Cornell University's Baker Institute for Animal Health; Atkinson Center for a Sustainable Future; Smithsonian Institution Predoctoral Fellowship; NIH [DP-EB016541] FX This research was supported by the National Institutes of Health DP-EB016541 (A.J.T.), Cornell University's Baker Institute for Animal Health (A.J.T.), the Atkinson Center for a Sustainable Future (A.J.T.), and the Smithsonian Institution Predoctoral Fellowship (J.B.N.).; This research was supported by NIH DP-EB016541 (A.J.T.), Cornell University's Baker Institute for Animal Health (A.J.T.), the Atkinson Center for a Sustainable Future (A.J.T.), and the Smithsonian Institution Predoctoral Fellowship (J.B.N.). NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 22 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 9 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 12 AR e0143930 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0143930 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CZ1YX UT WOS:000366903300031 PM 26650234 ER PT J AU Lopez, JMP Johnson, PJ Gagne, RJ Boe, A AF Lopez, J. Manuel Perilla Johnson, Paul J. Gagne, Raymond J. Boe, Arvid TI A new species of Stenodiplosis (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on Spartina grasses (Poaceae) with notes on its biology and its parasitoid Tetrastichus bromi (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE taxonomy; prairie cordgrass; seed predator; introduced species; parasitoid guild ID PRAIRIE CORDGRASS; BIG BLUESTEM; SEED MIDGE; GENOTYPES; SORGHUM; SET AB Stenodiplosis spartinae Gagne new species (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) is described from eastern South Dakota and coastal North Carolina, and compared with other American congeners. The known host plants are Spartina alterniflora and S. pectinata. The larva is a seed predator of the ovule and immature caryopsis of the host plant. Adult activity is from the early emergence of the host inflorescence through anthesis. Oviposition occurs in the floret with eggs laid under the edges of the palea and lemma. The larva apparently overwinters in dehisced spikelets in the soil among rhizomes of S. pectinata, with pupation in late spring. Laboratory emergence and field activity of the adults suggest a potential second or third generation developing on late emerging inflorescences. Larval feeding does not induce external color or shape changes in the spikelet. Apparently all three instars are ectoparasitized by Tetrastichus bromi Kostyukov (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) that was probably introduced to North America in the late 1800's and is inculcated into parasitoid guilds of several Stenodiplosis species. Resource partitioning appears to occur between the gall midge and early instars of Aethes spartinana Barnes and McDunnough (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) that feed on maturing caryopses. The feeding of this gall midge and the moth probably account for most of the reduced seed production in both natural and agronomic populations of S. pectinata. C1 [Lopez, J. Manuel Perilla; Johnson, Paul J.; Boe, Arvid] S Dakota State Univ, Insect Biodivers Lab, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Gagne, Raymond J.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Smithsonian Inst, MRC 168,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM juan.perilla@sdstate.edu; paul.johnson@sdstate.edu; raymond.gagne@ars.usda.gov; arvid.boe@sdstate.edu FU Oak Lake Research Fund; North Central Regional Sun Grant Initiative at South Dakota State University through grant from the U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office [DE-FG36-08GO88073]; North Central Regional Sun Grant Initiative at South Dakota State University through grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture [2010-38502-21861] FX We are grateful to Bradley J. Sinclair, Canadian National Collection of Insects and Ottawa Plant Laboratory, Ottawa, Ontario, for a loan of Stenodiplosis phragmicola; Mike Althaus, Silver Spring, MD, for arrangement and labeling of Figures 1-13; and Michael Gates, USDA-ARS-SEL, National Museum of Natural History, and Zoya Yefremova, Tel Aviv University for taxonomic assistance with Aprostocetus. Sally Gagne is thanked for her assistance in proofreading the penultimate manuscript draft. Netta Dorchin, Tel Aviv University, Israel, and Junichi Yukawa, Kyushu University, Japan, provided useful comments on a previous version of this manuscript. Fieldwork was done at the South Dakota State University Oak Lake Field Station, the Aurora Crop Improvement Research Farm and the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station Felt Family Farm, all in Brookings County, South Dakota. The research leading to this report was supported by the Oak Lake Research Fund, and the North Central Regional Sun Grant Initiative at South Dakota State University through grants from the U.S. Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office under award number DE-FG36-08GO88073, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture under award number 2010-38502-21861. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 9 PY 2015 VL 4057 IS 1 BP 115 EP 124 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CY1YU UT WOS:000366205300007 PM 26701469 ER PT J AU Kistler, L Newsom, LA Ryan, TM Clarke, AC Smith, BD Perry, GH AF Kistler, Logan Newsom, Lee A. Ryan, Timothy M. Clarke, Andrew C. Smith, Bruce D. Perry, George H. TI Gourds and squashes (Cucurbita spp.) adapted to megafaunal extinction and ecological anachronism through domestication SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE evolutionary ecology; sensory ecology; TAS2R genes; ancient DNA; archaeogenomics ID TASTE RECEPTOR GENES; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; EVOLUTION; DNA; DISPERSAL; ALIGNMENT; FRUITS; TRANSFORM; SELECTION AB The genus Cucurbita (squashes, pumpkins, gourds) contains numerous domesticated lineages with ancient New World origins. It was broadly distributed in the past but has declined to the point that several of the crops' progenitor species are scarce or unknown in the wild. We hypothesize that Holocene ecological shifts and megafaunal extinctions severely impacted wild Cucurbita, whereas their domestic counterparts adapted to changing conditions via symbiosis with human cultivators. First, we used high-throughput sequencing to analyze complete plastid genomes of 91 total Cucurbita samples, comprising ancient (n = 19), modern wild (n = 30), andmodern domestic (n = 42) taxa. This analysis demonstrates independent domestication in eastern North America, evidence of a previously unknown pathway to domestication in northeastern Mexico, and broad archaeological distributions of taxa currently unknown in the wild. Further, sequence similarity between distant wild populations suggests recent fragmentation. Collectively, these results point to wild-type declines coinciding with widespread domestication. Second, we hypothesize that the disappearance of large herbivores struck a critical ecological blow against wild Cucurbita, and we take initial steps to consider this hypothesis through cross-mammal analyses of bitter taste receptor gene repertoires. Directly, megafauna consumed Cucurbita fruits and dispersed their seeds; wild Cucurbita were likely left without mutualistic dispersal partners in the Holocene because they are unpalatable to smaller surviving mammals with more bitter taste receptor genes. Indirectly, megafauna maintained mosaic-like landscapes ideal for Cucurbita, and vegetative changes following the megafaunal extinctions likely crowded out their disturbed-ground niche. Thus, anthropogenic landscapes provided favorable growth habitats and willing dispersal partners in the wake of ecological upheaval. C1 [Kistler, Logan; Newsom, Lee A.; Ryan, Timothy M.; Perry, George H.] Penn State Univ, Dept Anthropol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kistler, Logan; Perry, George H.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kistler, Logan] Univ Warwick, Sch Life Sci, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Newsom, Lee A.] Penn State Univ, Inst Energy, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Newsom, Lee A.] Penn State Univ, Inst Environm, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Ryan, Timothy M.] Penn State Univ, Energy Inst, Ctr Quantitat Imaging Earth & Mineral Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Clarke, Andrew C.] Univ Cambridge, McDonald Inst Archaeol Res, Cambridge CB2 3ER, England. [Smith, Bruce D.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Program Human Ecol & Archaeobiol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Smith, Bruce D.] Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. RP Kistler, L (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Anthropol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM L.J.Kistler@Warwick.ac.uk; ghp3@psu.edu RI Clarke, Andrew/A-7635-2008; OI Clarke, Andrew/0000-0003-2293-1423; Kistler, Logan/0000-0002-5730-5986 FU Pennsylvania State University Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences and College of the Liberal Arts; Wenner-Gren post-PhD Research [8770]; Natural Environment Research Council Independent Research Fellowship [NE/L012030/1]; Smithsonian Institution; National Science Foundation [OCI-0821527] FX We thank Craig Praul and Candace Price from the Pennsylvania State University Huck Institutes DNA Core Laboratory for assistance with sequence data collection and the US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service National Plant Germplasm System, the Illinois State Museum, the National Park Service, and the University Museum at the University of Arkansas for access to modern and ancient sample materials. Research was supported by The Pennsylvania State University Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences and College of the Liberal Arts (G.H.P.), Wenner-Gren post-PhD Research Grant 8770 and Natural Environment Research Council Independent Research Fellowship NE/L012030/1 (to L.K.), and the Smithsonian Institution (B.D.S.). Instrumentation was funded by the National Science Foundation through Grant OCI-0821527. NR 60 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 13 U2 32 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD DEC 8 PY 2015 VL 112 IS 49 BP 15107 EP 15112 DI 10.1073/pnas.1516109112 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CX8YA UT WOS:000365989800042 PM 26630007 ER PT J AU Aplin, KP Rhind, SG Ten Have, J Chesser, RT AF Aplin, K. P. Rhind, S. G. Ten Have, J. Chesser, R. T. TI Taxonomic revision of Phascogale tapoatafa (Meyer, 1793) (Dasyuridae; Marsupialia), including descriptions of two new subspecies and confirmation of P. pirata Thomas, 1904 as a 'Top End' endemic SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Marsupial; taxonomy; Australia; biogeography; subspecies ID BRUSH-TAILED PHASCOGALES; SOUTH-WESTERN AUSTRALIA; PHYLOGENETIC SPECIES CONCEPT; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; CARNIVOROUS MARSUPIALS; MATERNAL STRATEGIES; NORTHERN AUSTRALIA; ISOODON-OBESULUS; CONTROL REGION; CYTOCHROME-B AB The Australian Brush-tailed Phascogale (Phascogale tapoatafa sensu lato) has a broad but highly fragmented distribution around the periphery of the Australian continent and all populations are under significant ongoing threat to survival. A new appraisal of morphological and molecular diversity within the group reveals that the population in the 'Top End' of the Northern Territory is specifically distinct from all others, including those in the Kimberley region of Western Australia to the west and on Cape York of Queensland to the east. The name P. pirata Thomas, 1904 is available for the 'Top End' taxon. Three geographically disjunct populations are distinguished at subspecies level within P. tapoatafa on a suite of external and cranio-dental features; these are found in southeast Australia from South Australia to mid-coastal Queensland (nominotypical tapoatafa), southwest Western Australia (wambenger subsp. nov.), and the Kimberley region of Western Australia (kimberleyensis subsp. nov.). A potential fourth subspecies occurs on Cape York but remains too poorly represented in collections for adequate characterization. Molecular divergence estimates based on partial sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene indicate that the range disjunction across southern Australia probably dates from the Late Pliocene, with the multiple disjunctions across northern Australia being more recent though almost certainly exceeding 400,000 years. An argument is made for the continued use of the subspecies rank in Australian mammalogy, despite a general lack of consistency in its current application. C1 [Aplin, K. P.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Rhind, S. G.] Univ Wollongong, Sch Biol Sci, Inst Conservat Biol & Environm Management, Wollongong, NSW, Australia. [Ten Have, J.] Dept Agr Fisheries & Forestry, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Chesser, R. T.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Aplin, KP (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM aplink@si.edu; srhind@uow.edu.au; johanna.tenhave@daff.gov.au; chessert@si.edu FU Myer Foundation; Equity Trust (Albert George Youngman Estate) FX The laboratory work on which this study is based was undertaken while KA, JTH and RTC were staff of the Australian National Wildlife Collection, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial and Research Organisation (CSIRO), Canberra, A.C.T., Australia. We thank staff of CSIRO for providing library and computing facilities. All SEM images were taken by KA while holding a Visiting Professorship at the Kyoto University Museum. Funding for the new genetic work was provided by the Myer Foundation and Equity Trust (Albert George Youngman Estate). Dr Fred Ford and Dr Angela Frost assisted with photography and Angela Frost also produced the numerous figures. Peter Spencer supplied chromatographs to allow rescoring of some sequences produced during the earlier genetic study. Special thanks to Jiri and Marie Lochman for allowing us to reproduce their wonderful images of brush-tailed phascogales. The manuscript was greatly improved by the critical assessments of three anonymous reviewers and of Philippe Gaubert, the Mammalia taxon editor for Zootaxa. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 177 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD DEC 8 PY 2015 VL 4055 IS 1 BP 1 EP 73 DI 10.11646/zootaxa.4055.1.1 PG 73 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CX7NT UT WOS:000365889500001 PM 26701461 ER PT J AU How, MJ Christy, JH Temple, SE Hemmi, JM Marshall, NJ Roberts, NW AF How, Martin J. Christy, John H. Temple, Shelby E. Hemmi, Jan M. Marshall, N. Justin Roberts, Nicholas W. TI Target Detection Is Enhanced by Polarization Vision in a Fiddler Crab SO CURRENT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPOUND EYE; UCA-VOMERIS; SENSITIVITY; LIGHT; ORIENTATION; CUTTLEFISH; CRUSTACEAN; PREDATION; INSECTS; ELEGANS AB We are constantly surprised by the ability of relatively simple animals to perform precise visually guided movements within complex visual scenes, often using eyes with limited resolution. Exceptional examples include the capture of airborne prey by dragonflies [1], the learning flights of bees and wasps [2], and the tracking of conspecifics by crabs on intertidal mudflats [3-5]. Most studies have focused on how animals do this using sensitivity to intensity or color. However, it is increasingly evident that a third ability, polarization vision, may contribute to such tasks. In many insects, polarization-sensitive photoreceptors are confined within an area of the eye known as the dorsal rim [6], which detects the polarized sky pattern specifically for navigation [7]. However, some animals, including fiddler crabs, are sensitive to the polarization of light across the majority of their image-forming eyes [8, 9], potentially allowing them to use polarization information to increase perceived contrast for general visual tasks [10-13]. Investigations into the use of polarization image-parsing by animals have largely been confined to laboratory settings under artificial lighting [10, 13-18]. This approach can occasionally mislead if the lighting conditions are different from natural [19]. This study presents the first behavioral evidence from the natural context for a function of polarization image parsing. Using experimental manipulations in wild populations of the fiddler crab Uca stenodactylus, we provide evidence that these animals use their polarization vision to enhance contrast in their visual environment, thereby increasing their ability to detect and respond to objects on the mudflat surface. C1 [How, Martin J.; Temple, Shelby E.; Roberts, Nicholas W.] Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol BS8 1TQ, Avon, England. [Christy, John H.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 084303092, Ancon, Panama. [Hemmi, Jan M.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Anim Biol, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Hemmi, Jan M.] Univ Western Australia, UWA Oceans Inst, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Marshall, N. Justin] Univ Queensland, Queensland Brain Inst, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. RP How, MJ (reprint author), Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol BS8 1TQ, Avon, England. EM m.how@bristol.ac.uk RI How, Martin/G-1925-2010; OI How, Martin/0000-0001-5135-8828; Roberts, Nicholas/0000-0002-4540-6683; Hemmi, Jan/0000-0003-4629-9362 FU International Society for Neuroethology; European Research Council; Australian Research Council; Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA8655-12-2112]; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX M.J.H. was supported by the International Society for Neuroethology (Konishi Research Award) and the European Research Council (Marie Curie Individual Fellowship). N.J.M. and J.M.H. were supported by the Australian Research Council. M.J.H., N.W.R., S.E.T., and N.J.M. were supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research (FA8655-12-2112). J.H.C. was supported by the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. The Authoridad de los Recursos Acuaticos de Panama issued permit nos. 53 and 54 for this study. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 27 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0960-9822 EI 1879-0445 J9 CURR BIOL JI Curr. Biol. PD DEC 7 PY 2015 VL 25 IS 23 BP 3069 EP 3073 DI 10.1016/j.cub.2015.09.073 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA CY4OV UT WOS:000366388600020 PM 26585278 ER PT J AU Wappler, T Labandeira, CC Engel, MS Zetter, R Grimsson, F AF Wappler, Torsten Labandeira, Conrad C. Engel, Michael S. Zetter, Reinhard Grimsson, Frioegeir TI Specialized and Generalized Pollen-Collection Strategies in an Ancient Bee Lineage SO CURRENT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLLINATION SYSTEMS; HYMENOPTERA; EVOLUTION; MORPHOLOGY; APOIDEA; APIDAE; PHYLOGENY AB Iconic examples of insect pollination have emphasized narrowly specialized pollinator mutualisms such as figs and fig wasps [1] and yuccas and yucca moths [2]. However, recent attention by pollination ecologists has focused on the broad spectra of pollinated plants by generalist pollinators such as bees. Bees have great impact for formulating hypotheses regarding specialization versus generalization in pollination mutualisms [3, 4]. We report the pollination biology of six northern European species of an extinct tribe of pollen-basket-bearing apine bees, Electrapini, of early-middle Eocene age, examined from two deposits of 48 and 44 million years in age [5]. These bees exhibit a pattern of generalized, incidental pollen occurring randomly on their heads, thoraces, and abdomens, obtained from diverse, nectar-bearing plants. By contrast, a more restricted suite of pollen was acquired for metatibial pollen baskets (corbiculae) of the same bee taxa from a taxonomically much narrower suite of arborescent, evergreen hosts with uniform flower structure. The stereotyped plant sources of the specialist strategy of pollen collection consisted of pentamerous, radially symmetrical flowers with a conspicuous gynoecium surrounded by prominent nectar reward, organized in structurally similar compound inflorescences. Pollen specialization in bees occurs not for efficient pollination but rather in the corbiculate Electrapini as food for bee larvae (brood) and involves packing corbiculae with moistened pollen that rapidly loses viability with age. This specialist strategy was a well-developed preference by the early Eocene, providing a geochronologic midpoint assessment of bee pollen-collection strategies. C1 [Wappler, Torsten] Univ Bonn, Steinmann Inst, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Labandeira, Conrad C.] Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100048, Peoples R China. [Engel, Michael S.] Univ Kansas, Museum Nat Hist, Div Entomol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Engel, Michael S.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Engel, Michael S.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Zetter, Reinhard; Grimsson, Frioegeir] Univ Vienna, Dept Palaeontol, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. RP Wappler, T (reprint author), Univ Bonn, Steinmann Inst, Nussallee 8, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. EM twappler@uni-bonn.de; labandec@si.edu RI Wappler, Torsten/D-4287-2011; Engel, Michael/C-5461-2012; OI Wappler, Torsten/0000-0003-1592-0988; Engel, Michael/0000-0003-3067-077X; Grimsson, Fridgeir/0000-0002-1874-6412 FU German Research Foundation [WA 1496/6-1, WA 1496/8-1]; Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [P24427-B25] FX We thank J. Rust and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. H. Lutz and S. Wedmann allowed access to the collections under their curation; G. Heumann provided assistance; and F. Marsh developed the figures. T.W. is supported by the German Research Foundation (WA 1496/6-1, Heisenberg grant WA 1496/8-1), and F.G. is supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF), grant (P24427-B25). This is contribution 305 of the Evolution of Terrestrial Ecosystems Consortium at the National Museum of Natural History, in Washington, DC, and a contribution of the Division of Entomology, University of Kansas Natural History Museum. NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 40 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0960-9822 EI 1879-0445 J9 CURR BIOL JI Curr. Biol. PD DEC 7 PY 2015 VL 25 IS 23 BP 3092 EP 3098 DI 10.1016/j.cub.2015.09.021 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA CY4OV UT WOS:000366388600024 PM 26585282 ER PT J AU Fung, T Villain, L Chisholm, RA AF Fung, Tak Villain, Laura Chisholm, Ryan A. TI Analytical formulae for computing dominance from species-abundance distributions SO JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Evenness; Gamma; Lognormal; Log-series ID GRASSLAND COMMUNITIES; TREE DOMINANCE; FOOD WEBS; BIODIVERSITY; EVENNESS; ECOSYSTEMS; DIVERSITY; POPULATION; CONSEQUENCES; EXTINCTION AB The evenness of an ecological community affects ecosystem structure, functioning and stability, and has implications for biodiversity conservation. In uneven communities, most species are rare while a few dominant species drive ecosystem-level properties. In even communities, dominance is lower, with possibly many species playing key ecological roles. The dominance aspect of evenness can be measured as a decreasing function of the proportion of species required to make up a fixed fraction (e.g., half) of individuals in a community. Here we sought general rules about dominance in ecological communities by linking dominance mathematically to the parameters of common theoretical species-abundance distributions (SADs). We found that if a community's SAD was log-series or lognormal, then dominance was almost inevitably high, with fewer than 40% of species required to account for 90% of all individuals. Dominance for communities with an exponential SAD was lower but still typically high, with fewer than 40% of species required to account for 70% of all individuals. In contrast, communities with a gamma SAD only exhibited high dominance when the average species abundance was below a threshold of approximately 100. Furthermore, we showed that exact values of dominance were highly scale-dependent, exhibiting non-linear trends with changing average species abundance. We also applied our formulae to SADs derived from a mechanistic community model to demonstrate how dominance can increase with environmental variance. Overall, our study provides a rigorous basis for theoretical explorations of the dynamics of dominance in ecological communities, and how this affects ecosystem functioning and stability. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fung, Tak; Chisholm, Ryan A.] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, Singapore 117543, Singapore. [Villain, Laura] Inst Natl Sci Appl, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France. [Chisholm, Ryan A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Fung, T (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Biol Sci, 14 Sci Dr 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore. EM tfung2000@gmail.com; villain.laura@gmail.com; ryan.chis@gmail.com FU National University of Singapore, Singapore [WBS R-154-000-551-133] FX We would like to thank two anonymous reviewers, whose comments have helped to substantially improve the clarity and content of our work. TF and RAC are supported by the National University of Singapore, Singapore start-up Grant WBS R-154-000-551-133. NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 20 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-5193 EI 1095-8541 J9 J THEOR BIOL JI J. Theor. Biol. PD DEC 7 PY 2015 VL 386 BP 147 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.jtbi.2015.09.011 PG 12 WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA CV9NU UT WOS:000364614700016 PM 26409166 ER PT J AU Oyston, JW Hughes, M Wagner, PJ Gerber, S Wills, MA AF Oyston, Jack W. Hughes, Martin Wagner, Peter J. Gerber, Sylvain Wills, Matthew A. TI What limits the morphological disparity of clades? SO INTERFACE FOCUS LA English DT Article DE morphological disparity; homoplasy; character states; bodyplan; developmental constraints; cological restrictions ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; CLADISTIC-ANALYSIS; DEVELOPMENTAL CONSTRAINTS; SYSTEMATIC REVISION; FOSSIL RECORD; EVOLUTIONARY CONSTRAINTS; POSTPALEOZOIC CRINOIDS; MORPHOSPACE OCCUPATION; PALEOZOIC GASTROPODS; TAXONOMIC DIVERSITY AB The morphological disparity of species within major clades shows a variety of trajectory patterns through evolutionary time. However, there is a significant tendency for groups to reach their maximum disparity relatively early in their histories, even while their species richness or diversity is comparatively low. This pattern of early high-disparity suggests that there are internal constraints (e.g. developmental pleiotropy) or external restrictions (e.g. ecological competition) upon the variety of morphologies that can subsequently evolve. It has also been demonstrated that the rate of evolution of new character states decreases in most clades through time (character saturation), as does the rate of origination of novel bodyplans and higher taxa. Here, we tested whether there was a simple relationship between the level or rate of character state exhaustion and the shape of a clade's disparity profile: specifically, its centre of gravity (CG). In a sample of 93 extinct major clades, most showed some degree of exhaustion, but all continued to evolve new states up until their extinction. Projection of states/steps curves suggested that clades realized an average of 60% of their inferred maximum numbers of states. Despite a weak but significant correlation between overall levels of homoplasy and the CG of clade disparity profiles, there were no significant relationships between any of our indices of exhaustion curve shape and the clade disparity CG. Clades showing early high-disparity were no more likely to have early character saturation than those with maximum disparity late in their evolution. C1 [Oyston, Jack W.; Wills, Matthew A.] Univ Bath, Dept Biol & Biochem, Milner Ctr Evolut, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. [Hughes, Martin] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, London SW7 5BD, England. [Wagner, Peter J.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Gerber, Sylvain] Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, England. RP Wills, MA (reprint author), Univ Bath, Dept Biol & Biochem, Milner Ctr Evolut, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. EM m.a.wills@bath.ac.uk FU John Templeton Foundation [43915]; Leverhulme Trust [F/00351/Z] FX This research was supported by grants from the John Templeton Foundation (43915), and from The Leverhulme Trust (F/00351/Z) awarded to M.A.W. NR 198 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 11 U2 27 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 2042-8898 EI 2042-8901 J9 INTERFACE FOCUS JI Interface Focus PD DEC 6 PY 2015 VL 5 IS 6 AR 20150042 DI 10.1098/rsfs.2015.0042 PG 18 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DB3EW UT WOS:000368393900007 PM 26640649 ER PT J AU Fan, YL Kress, WJ Li, QJ AF Fan, Yong-Li Kress, W. John Li, Qing-Jun TI A New Secondary Pollen Presentation Mechanism from a Wild Ginger (Zingiber densissimum) and Its Functional Roles in Pollination Process SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FLOWERING PLANTS; SELF-POLLINATION; SEXUAL SELECTION; FLORAL NECTAR; EVOLUTION; COST; CAMPANULACEAE; MARANTACEAE; ANGIOSPERMS; DISPERSAL AB Background and Aims Secondary pollen presentation (SPP), a floral mechanism of reproductive adaptation, has been described for more than 200 years, with nine types SPP recorded. However, few studies have been done experimentally to link the floral mechanism of SPP to its functional roles in pollination process. This study aims to describe a new SPP mechanism from a wild ginger (Zingiber densissimum, Zingiberaceae) and explore how the pollen arrangement of SPP affects pollen removal during the interaction with different pollinators. Methodology/Principal Findings Field observations and experiments revealed that flowers lasted for less than one day. The breeding system was partially self-incompatible. Two bee species, Macropis hedini (which carried pollen dorsally) and Amegilla zonata (which carried pollen ventrally) were the primary pollinators. About a third of pollen grains were relocated from the anther to the labellum staminode of flowers through the adherence of aggregated pollen chains, while other grains were presented on the anther. In a single visit, each bee species removed pollen grains from both the labellum staminode and the anther. Macropis hedini was more effective than Amegilla zonata. Conclusions/Significance Our study describes a new SPP mechanism in angiosperms. The new SPP mode enables pollen grains presented on the anther and the labellum staminode simultaneously via the adherence of aggregated pollen chains, thus promoting pollen to be taken away by different pollinators. This SPP mechanism plays a key role during pollen removal and may have evolved under the pressure to improve male fitness. C1 [Fan, Yong-Li; Li, Qing-Jun] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Mengla, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Fan, Yong-Li] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Fan, Yong-Li] China Forest Explorat & Design Inst Kunming, Kunming, Peoples R China. [Fan, Yong-Li; Kress, W. John] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Li, QJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Trop Forest Ecol, Xishuangbanna Trop Bot Garden, Mengla, Yunnan, Peoples R China. EM qjli@xtbg.ac.cn FU Natural Science Foundation of China [U1202261, 31070340]; Chinese Scholarship Council [201304910290] FX This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (U1202261 and 31070340) granted to Q-JL and a scholarship from the Chinese Scholarship Council (201304910290). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 4 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 12 AR e0143812 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0143812 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CY1CH UT WOS:000366143800029 PM 26637125 ER PT J AU Grugni, V Battaglia, V Perego, UA Raveane, A Lancioni, H Olivieri, A Ferretti, L Woodward, SR Pascale, JM Cooke, R Myres, N Motta, J Torroni, A Achilli, A Semino, O AF Grugni, Viola Battaglia, Vincenza Perego, Ugo Alessandro Raveane, Alessandro Lancioni, Hovirag Olivieri, Anna Ferretti, Luca Woodward, Scott R. Miguel Pascale, Juan Cooke, Richard Myres, Natalie Motta, Jorge Torroni, Antonio Achilli, Alessandro Semino, Ornella TI Exploring the Y Chromosomal Ancestry of Modern Panamanians SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NATIVE-AMERICAN POPULATIONS; NORTHWEST SOUTH-AMERICA; EARLY HUMAN SETTLEMENT; COSTA-RICA; SPEAKING POPULATIONS; BINARY HAPLOGROUPS; MIGRATORY EVENTS; MTDNA VARIATION; DNA DIVERSITY; EUROPE AB Geologically, Panama belongs to the Central American land-bridge between North and South America crossed by Homo sapiens > 14 ka ago. Archaeologically, it belongs to a wider Isthmo-Colombian Area. Today, seven indigenous ethnic groups account for 12.3% of Panama's population. Five speak Chibchan languages and are characterized by low genetic diversity and a high level of differentiation. In addition, no evidence of differential structuring between maternally and paternally inherited genes has been reported in isthmian Chibchan cultural groups. Recent data have shown that 83% of the Panamanian general population harbour mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) of Native American ancestry. Considering differential male/female mortality at European contact and multiple degrees of geographical and genetic isolation over the subsequent five centuries, the Y-chromosome Native American component is expected to vary across different geographic regions and communities in Panama. To address this issue, we investigated Y-chromosome variation in 408 modern males from the nine provinces of Panama and one indigenous territory (the comarca of Kuna Yala). In contrast to mtDNA data, the Y-chromosome Native American component (haplogroup Q) exceeds 50% only in three populations facing the Caribbean Sea: the comarca of Kuna Yala and Bocas del Toro province where Chibchan languages are spoken by the majority, and the province of Colon where many Kuna and people of mixed indigenous-African-and-European descent live. Elsewhere the Old World component is dominant and mostly represented by western Eurasian haplogroups, which signal the strong male genetic impact of invaders. Sub-Saharan African input accounts for 5.9% of male haplotypes. This reflects the consequences of the colonial Atlantic slave trade and more recent influxes of West Indians of African heritage. Overall, our findings reveal a local evolution of the male Native American ancestral gene pool, and a strong but geographically differentiated unidirectional sex bias in the formation of local modern Panamanian populations. C1 [Grugni, Viola; Battaglia, Vincenza; Raveane, Alessandro; Olivieri, Anna; Ferretti, Luca; Torroni, Antonio; Achilli, Alessandro; Semino, Ornella] Univ Pavia, Dept Biol & Biotechnol, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. [Perego, Ugo Alessandro; Woodward, Scott R.; Myres, Natalie] Sorenson Mol Geneal Fdn, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Perego, Ugo Alessandro; Lancioni, Hovirag; Achilli, Alessandro] Univ Perugia, Dept Chem Biol & Biotechnol, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Miguel Pascale, Juan] Inst Conmemorat Gorgas Estudios Salud, Panama City, Panama. [Cooke, Richard] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Myres, Natalie] Ancestry, Provo, UT USA. RP Semino, O (reprint author), Univ Pavia, Dept Biol & Biotechnol, Via Palestro 3, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. EM ornella.semino@unipv.it RI Torroni, Antonio/E-1557-2011; OLIVIERI, ANNA/I-9235-2012; Achilli, Alessandro/I-9236-2012 OI Torroni, Antonio/0000-0002-4163-4478; OLIVIERI, ANNA/0000-0002-3941-8098; Achilli, Alessandro/0000-0001-6871-3451 FU Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud; Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation; Italian Ministry of the University: Progetti di Ricerca Interesse Nazionale; Progetti Futuro in Ricerca [RBFR126B8I] FX This research is part of the University of Pavia strategic theme "Towards a governance model for international migration: an interdisciplinary and diachronic perspective" (MIGRAT-IN-G) and received support from the Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (to JM, JMP), the Sorenson Molecular Genealogy Foundation (to UAP, NM, SRW), the Italian Ministry of the University: Progetti di Ricerca Interesse Nazionale 2012 (to AA, AT and OS) and Progetti Futuro in Ricerca 2012 (RBFR126B8I) (to AO, AA). Ancestry.com provided support in the form of salaries for author [NM], but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 99 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 4 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 12 AR e0144223 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0144223 PG 24 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CY1CH UT WOS:000366143800060 PM 26636572 ER PT J AU Blaimer, BB Brady, SG Schultz, TR Lloyd, MW Fisher, BL Ward, PS AF Blaimer, Bonnie B. Brady, Sean G. Schultz, Ted R. Lloyd, Michael W. Fisher, Brian L. Ward, Philip S. TI Phylogenomic methods outperform traditional multi-locus approaches in resolving deep evolutionary history: a case study of form icine ants SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ultraconserved elements; Insect phylogenomics; Ancient rapid radiations; Formicinae; Ant evolution ID ULTRACONSERVED ELEMENTS; HYMENOPTERA-FORMICIDAE; CALIBRATION UNCERTAINTY; PARTITIONING SCHEMES; RANGE EVOLUTION; DIVERSIFICATION; SELECTION; INFORMATIVENESS; INFERENCE; MARKERS AB Background: Ultraconserved elements (UCEs) have been successfully used in phylogenom cs for a variety of taxa, but their power in phylogenetic inference has yet to be extensively compared with that of traditional Sanger sequencing data sets. Moreover, UCE data on invertebrates, including insects, are sparse. We compared the phylogenetic informativeness of 959 UCE loci with a multi-locus data set of ten nuclear markers obtained via Sanger sequencing, testing the ability of these two types of data to resolve and date the evolutionary history of the second most species-rich subfamily of ants in the world, the Formicinae. Results: Phylogenetic analyses show that UCEs are superior in resolving ancient and shallow relationships in ormicine ants, demonstrated by increased node support and a more resolved phylogeny. Phylogenetic informativeness metrics indicate a twofold improvement relative to the 10-gene data matrix generated from the identical set of taxa. We were able to significantly improve formicine classification based on our comprehensive UCE phylogeny. Our divergence age estimations, using both UCE and Sanger data, indicate that crovvn-group Formicinae are older (104-117 Ma) than previously suggested. Biogeographic analyses infer that the diversification of the subfamily has occurred on all continents with no particular hub of cladogenesis. Conclusions: We found UCEs to be far superior to the multi-locus data set in estimating form ci le relationships. The early history of the clade remains uncertain due to ancient rapid divergence events that are unresolvable even with our genomic-scale data, although this might be largely an effect of several problematic taxa subtended by long branches. Our comparison of divergence ages from both Sanger and UCE data demonstrates the effectiveness of UCEs for dating analyses. This comparative study highlights both the promise and limitations of UCEs for insect phylogenomics, and will prove useful to the growing number of evolutionary biologists considering the transition from Sanger to next-generation sequencing approaches. C1 [Blaimer, Bonnie B.; Brady, Sean G.; Schultz, Ted R.; Lloyd, Michael W.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Fisher, Brian L.] Calif Acad Sci, Dept Entomol, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Ward, Philip S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Blaimer, BB (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, NHB 169, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM bonnieblaimer@gmail.com RI Lloyd, Michael/C-8430-2017 OI Lloyd, Michael/0000-0003-1021-8129 FU NSF [EF-0431330, DEB-0743542, DEB-0949689, DEB-0842204]; Competitive Grants Program for Science (Smithsonian Institution); Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship FX This study was supported by NSF grants EF-0431330 (to PSW, SGB, TRS & BLF), DEB-0743542 (to SGB), DEB-0949689 (to TRS), DEB-0842204 (to PSW), and the Competitive Grants Program for Science (Smithsonian Institution, to SGB & TRS). BBB was pally supported by a Peter Buck Postdoctoral Fellowship. We ate grateful to A. Jesovnik and J. Sosa-Calvo for help with labotatory procedures, and M. Branstetter for guidance on UCE methods. Portions of the laboratory and the computer work were conducted in and with the support of the L.A.B. facilitics of the Nationa Museum of Natura History. NR 60 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 8 U2 34 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2148 J9 BMC EVOL BIOL JI BMC Evol. Biol. PD DEC 4 PY 2015 VL 15 AR 271 DI 10.1186/s12862-015-0552-5 PG 14 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CX8FW UT WOS:000365939100001 PM 26637372 ER PT J AU Chen, B Bastian, TS Shen, CC Gary, DE Krucker, S Glesener, L AF Chen, Bin Bastian, Timothy S. Shen, Chengcai Gary, Dale E. Krucker, Saem Glesener, Lindsay TI Particle acceleration by a solar flare termination shock SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID X-RAY SOURCE; ELECTRON ACCELERATION; MAGNETIC RECONNECTION; EMISSION MECHANISMS; SIMULATION; EJECTIONS; BURSTS; MODEL AB Solar flares-the most powerful explosions in the solar system-are also efficient particle accelerators, capable of energizing a large number of charged particles to relativistic speeds. A termination shock is often invoked in the standard model of solar flares as a possible driver for particle acceleration, yet its existence and role have remained controversial. We present observations of a solar flare termination shock and trace its morphology and dynamics using high-cadence radio imaging spectroscopy. We show that a disruption of the shock coincides with an abrupt reduction of the energetic electron population. The observed properties of the shock are well reproduced by simulations. These results strongly suggest that a termination shock is responsible, at least in part, for accelerating energetic electrons in solar flares. C1 [Chen, Bin; Shen, Chengcai] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bastian, Timothy S.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Gary, Dale E.] New Jersey Inst Technol, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Krucker, Saem; Glesener, Lindsay] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Krucker, Saem] Univ Appl Sci & Arts Northwestern Switzerland, CH-5210 Windisch, Switzerland. [Glesener, Lindsay] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Chen, B (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM bin.chen@njit.edu FU NASA [SP02H1701R, NNM07AB07C, NNX14AK66G, NAS598033]; NASA Living With a Star Jack Eddy Fellowship; NSF SHINE [AGS-1156076, AGS-1358342]; NSF [AST-1312802] FX The authors thank the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) staff for their support and E. DeLuca, K. Reeves, H. Tian, J. Lin, A. Warmuth, H. Hudson, A. Caspi, F. Guo, G. Nita, G. Fleishman, and X. Bai for helpful discussions. S. Bourke and G. Hallinan are acknowledged for making their fast radio imaging software AIPSLITE available for B.C. A. K. Tolbert and R. Schwartz are thanked for their help in providing the Fermi/GBM detector response for this flare. Z. Wang and M. DeRosa are thanked for their help on the PFSS extrapolations. The NRAO is a facility of the National Science Foundation (NSF) operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. The VLA data can be accessed at https://archive.nrao.edu/archive/advquery.jsp, using the observing times as the search criteria. The Solar Dynamics Observatory/AIA, RHESSI, Hinode/XRT, and Solar and Heliospheric Observatory/LASCO data are all available through the Virtual Solar Observatory (http://sdac.virtualsolar.org/cgi/search). B.C. acknowledges support by NASA under contract SP02H1701R from Lockheed-Martin to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) and contract NNM07AB07C to SAO, and by the NASA Living With a Star Jack Eddy Fellowship (administered by the University Corporation for Atmospheric Research). C.S.'s work was supported by NSF SHINE grants AGS-1156076 and AGS-1358342 to SAO. D.E.G. acknowledges support from NSF grant AST-1312802 and NASA grant NNX14AK66G to the New Jersey Institute of Technology. S.K. and L.G. are supported by NASA contract NAS598033 for the RHESSI spacecraft. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD DEC 4 PY 2015 VL 350 IS 6265 BP 1238 EP 1242 DI 10.1126/science.aac8467 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CX4WG UT WOS:000365700500073 PM 26785486 ER PT J AU Johnson, MD Fish, VL Doeleman, SS Marrone, DP Plambeck, RL Wardle, JFC Akiyama, K Asada, K Beaudoin, C Blackburn, L Blundell, R Bower, GC Brinkerink, C Broderick, AE Cappallo, R Chael, AA Crew, GB Dexter, J Dexter, M Freund, R Friberg, P Gold, R Gurwell, MA Ho, PTP Honma, M Inoue, M Kosowsky, M Krichbaum, TP Lamb, J Loeb, A Lu, RS MacMahon, D McKinney, JC Moran, JM Narayan, R Primiani, RA Psaltis, D Rogers, AEE Rosenfeld, K SooHoo, J Tilanus, RPJ Titus, M Vertatschitsch, L Weintroub, J Wright, M Young, KH Zensus, JA Ziurys, LM AF Johnson, Michael D. Fish, Vincent L. Doeleman, Sheperd S. Marrone, Daniel P. Plambeck, Richard L. Wardle, John F. C. Akiyama, Kazunori Asada, Keiichi Beaudoin, Christopher Blackburn, Lindy Blundell, Ray Bower, Geoffrey C. Brinkerink, Christiaan Broderick, Avery E. Cappallo, Roger Chael, Andrew A. Crew, Geoffrey B. Dexter, Jason Dexter, Matt Freund, Robert Friberg, Per Gold, Roman Gurwell, Mark A. Ho, Paul T. P. Honma, Mareki Inoue, Makoto Kosowsky, Michael Krichbaum, Thomas P. Lamb, James Loeb, Abraham Lu, Ru-Sen MacMahon, David McKinney, Jonathan C. Moran, James M. Narayan, Ramesh Primiani, Rurik A. Psaltis, Dimitrios Rogers, Alan E. E. Rosenfeld, Katherine SooHoo, Jason Tilanus, Remo P. J. Titus, Michael Vertatschitsch, Laura Weintroub, Jonathan Wright, Melvyn Young, Ken H. Zensus, J. Anton Ziurys, Lucy M. TI Resolved magnetic-field structure and variability near the event horizon of Sagittarius A(star) SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SGR-A-ASTERISK; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; ACCRETION FLOW MODELS; NEAR-INFRARED FLARES; GALACTIC-CENTER; CIRCULAR-POLARIZATION; LINEAR-POLARIZATION; STELLAR ORBITS; SIMULATIONS; POLARIMETRY AB Near a black hole, differential rotation of a magnetized accretion disk is thought to produce an instability that amplifies weak magnetic fields, driving accretion and outflow. These magnetic fields would naturally give rise to the observed synchrotron emission in galaxy cores and to the formation of relativistic jets, but no observations to date have been able to resolve the expected horizon-scale magnetic-field structure. We report interferometric observations at 1.3-millimeter wavelength that spatially resolve the linearly polarized emission from the Galactic Center supermassive black hole, Sagittarius A*. We have found evidence for partially ordered magnetic fields near the event horizon, on scales of similar to 6 Schwarzschild radii, and we have detected and localized the intrahour variability associated with these fields. C1 [Johnson, Michael D.; Doeleman, Sheperd S.; Blackburn, Lindy; Blundell, Ray; Chael, Andrew A.; Gurwell, Mark A.; Kosowsky, Michael; Loeb, Abraham; Moran, James M.; Narayan, Ramesh; Primiani, Rurik A.; Rosenfeld, Katherine; Vertatschitsch, Laura; Weintroub, Jonathan; Young, Ken H.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Fish, Vincent L.; Doeleman, Sheperd S.; Akiyama, Kazunori; Beaudoin, Christopher; Cappallo, Roger; Crew, Geoffrey B.; Kosowsky, Michael; Lu, Ru-Sen; Rogers, Alan E. E.; SooHoo, Jason; Titus, Michael] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Marrone, Daniel P.; Freund, Robert; Psaltis, Dimitrios; Ziurys, Lucy M.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Plambeck, Richard L.; Dexter, Matt; MacMahon, David; Wright, Melvyn] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Radio Astron Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wardle, John F. C.; Kosowsky, Michael] Brandeis Univ, Dept Phys MS 057, Waltham, MA 02454 USA. [Akiyama, Kazunori; Honma, Mareki] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Akiyama, Kazunori] Univ Tokyo, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Astron, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1130033, Japan. [Asada, Keiichi; Ho, Paul T. P.; Inoue, Makoto] Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. [Bower, Geoffrey C.] ASIAA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Brinkerink, Christiaan; Tilanus, Remo P. J.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Inst Math Astrophys & Particle Phys, Dept Astrophys, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Broderick, Avery E.] Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada. [Broderick, Avery E.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Phys & Astron, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Dexter, Jason] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Friberg, Per] James Clerk Maxwell Telescope, East Asia Observ, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Gold, Roman; Weintroub, Jonathan] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, Joint Space Sci Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Honma, Mareki] Grad Univ Adv Studies, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Krichbaum, Thomas P.; Lu, Ru-Sen; Zensus, J. Anton] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Lamb, James] CALTECH, Owens Valley Radio Observ, Big Pine, CA 93513 USA. [Tilanus, Remo P. J.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. RP Johnson, MD (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mjohnson@cfa.harvard.edu OI Akiyama, Kazunori/0000-0002-9475-4254; Moran, James/0000-0002-3882-4414 FU NSF; NASA; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; NSF University Radio Observatories program; CARMA; Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Government of Canada through Industry Canada; Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research and Innovation; Sofja Kovalevskaja award from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research FX EHT research is funded by multiple grants from NSF, by NASA, and by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation through a grant to S.D. The SMA is a joint project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics. The Arizona Radio Observatory is partially supported through the NSF University Radio Observatories program. The James Clerk Maxwell Telescope was operated by the Joint Astronomy Centre on behalf of the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the UK, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research, and the National Research Council of Canada. Funding for CARMA development and operations was supported by NSF and the CARMA partner universities. We thank Xilinx for equipment donations. A.E.B. receives financial support from the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada through a Discovery Grant. Research at Perimeter Institute is supported by the Government of Canada through Industry Canada and by the Province of Ontario through the Ministry of Research and Innovation. J.D. receives support from a Sofja Kovalevskaja award from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. M.H. was supported by a Japan Society for the Promotion of Science Grant-in-aid. R.P.J.T. receives support from Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research. Data used in this paper are available in the supplementary materials. NR 34 TC 21 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD DEC 4 PY 2015 VL 350 IS 6265 BP 1242 EP 1245 DI 10.1126/science.aac7087 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CX4WG UT WOS:000365700500074 PM 26785487 ER PT J AU Basset, Y Cizek, L Cuenoud, P Didham, RK Novotny, V Odegaard, F Roslin, T Tishechkin, AK Schmidl, J Winchester, NN Roubik, DW Aberlenc, HP Bail, J Barrios, H Bridle, JR Castano-Meneses, G Corbara, B Curletti, G da Rocha, WD De Bakker, D Delabie, JHC Dejean, A Fagan, LL Floren, A Kitching, RL Medianero, E de Oliveira, EG Orivel, J Pollet, M Rapp, M Ribeiro, SP Roisin, Y Schmidt, JB Sorensen, L Lewinsohn, TM Leponce, M AF Basset, Yves Cizek, Lukas Cuenoud, Philippe Didham, Raphael K. Novotny, Vojtech Odegaard, Frode Roslin, Tomas Tishechkin, Alexey K. Schmidl, Juergen Winchester, Neville N. Roubik, David W. Aberlenc, Henri-Pierre Bail, Johannes Barrios, Hector Bridle, Jonathan R. Castano-Meneses, Gabriela Corbara, Bruno Curletti, Gianfranco da Rocha, Wesley Duarte De Bakker, Domir Delabie, Jacques H. C. Dejean, Alain Fagan, Laura L. Floren, Andreas Kitching, Roger L. Medianero, Enrique de Oliveira, Evandro Gama Orivel, Jerome Pollet, Marc Rapp, Mathieu Ribeiro, Servio P. Roisin, Yves Schmidt, Jesper B. Sorensen, Line Lewinsohn, Thomas M. Leponce, Maurice TI Arthropod Distribution in a Tropical Rainforest: Tackling a Four Dimensional Puzzle SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BETA-DIVERSITY; SPECIES RICHNESS; HERBIVOROUS INSECTS; ASSEMBLAGES; TREES; SPECIALIZATION; BIODIVERSITY; SIMILARITY; TURNOVER; STRATEGY AB Quantifying the spatio-temporal distribution of arthropods in tropical rainforests represents a first step towards scrutinizing the global distribution of biodiversity on Earth. To date most studies have focused on narrow taxonomic groups or lack a design that allows partitioning of the components of diversity. Here, we consider an exceptionally large dataset (113,952 individuals representing 5,858 species), obtained from the San Lorenzo forest in Panama, where the phylogenetic breadth of arthropod taxa was surveyed using 14 protocols targeting the soil, litter, understory, lower and upper canopy habitats, replicated across seasons in 2003 and 2004. This dataset is used to explore the relative influence of horizontal, vertical and seasonal drivers of arthropod distribution in this forest. We considered arthropod abundance, observed and estimated species richness, additive decomposition of species richness, multiplicative partitioning of species diversity, variation in species composition, species turnover and guild structure as components of diversity. At the scale of our study (2km of distance, 40m in height and 400 days), the effects related to the vertical and seasonal dimensions were most important. Most adult arthropods were collected from the soil/litter or the upper canopy and species richness was highest in the canopy. We compared the distribution of arthropods and trees within our study system. Effects related to the seasonal dimension were stronger for arthropods than for trees. We conclude that: (1) models of beta diversity developed for tropical trees are unlikely to be applicable to tropical arthropods; (2) it is imperative that estimates of global biodiversity derived from mass collecting of arthropods in tropical rainforests embrace the strong vertical and seasonal partitioning observed here; and (3) given the high species turnover observed between seasons, global climate change may have severe consequences for rainforest arthropods. C1 [Basset, Yves; Roubik, David W.] STRI Res, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City 080814, Panama. [Basset, Yves; Cizek, Lukas; Novotny, Vojtech] Univ South Bohemia, Biol Faculy, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic. [Basset, Yves; Barrios, Hector; Medianero, Enrique] Univ Panama, Panama City 080814, Panama. [Cizek, Lukas; Novotny, Vojtech] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Entomol, Ctr Biol, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic. [Cuenoud, Philippe] Museum Hist Nat Ville Geneve, Dept Arthropodes & Entomol 1, CH-1208 Geneva, Switzerland. [Didham, Raphael K.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Anim Biol, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. [Didham, Raphael K.] CSIRO Land & Water, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. [Odegaard, Frode] Norwegian Inst Nat Res, N-7485 Trondheim, Norway. [Roslin, Tomas] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Ecol, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Tishechkin, Alexey K.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Schmidl, Juergen] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dept Biol, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany. [Winchester, Neville N.] Univ Victoria, Dept Biol, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. [Aberlenc, Henri-Pierre] Cirad, Ctr Biol Gest Populat, F-34988 Montferrier Sur Lez, France. [Bridle, Jonathan R.] Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol BS8 1TH, Avon, England. [Castano-Meneses, Gabriela] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Queretaro 76230, Mexico. [Corbara, Bruno] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Photochim Mol & Macromol Lab, CNRS, UMR 6023, F-63177 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Corbara, Bruno] Univ Clermont Ferrand, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Curletti, Gianfranco] Museo Civ Storia Nat, I-10022 Carmagnola, Italy. [da Rocha, Wesley Duarte] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [De Bakker, Domir] Operat Directorate Nat Environm, Inst Royal Sci Nat Belgique, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium. [Delabie, Jacques H. C.] Convenio UESC CEPLAC, Ctr Pesquisas Cacau, BR-45600000 Itabuna, Brazil. [Delabie, Jacques H. C.] Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, BR-45662900 Ilheus, Brazil. [Dejean, Alain] Univ Toulouse 3, UMR EcoFoG, F-31062 Toulouse, France. [Fagan, Laura L.] Western Australia Dept Agr & Food Biosecur & Regu, Perth, WA 6151, Australia. [Floren, Andreas] Univ Wurzburg, Dept Anim Ecol & Trop Biol, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany. [Kitching, Roger L.] Griffith Univ, Sch Environm, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. [de Oliveira, Evandro Gama] Ctr Univ Una, Ciencias Biol, BR-30180100 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Orivel, Jerome] CNRS, UMR EcoFoG, F-97379 Kourou, France. [Pollet, Marc] Res Inst Nat & Forest, Res Grp Species Divers, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium. [Ribeiro, Servio P.] Univ Fed Ouro Preto, Inst Ciencias Exatas & Biol, BR-35400000 Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil. [Roisin, Yves] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Evolutionary Biol & Ecol, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Lewinsohn, Thomas M.] Univ Estadual Campinas, Dept Biol Anim, BR-13083870 Campinas, SP, Brazil. RP Basset, Y (reprint author), STRI Res, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City 080814, Panama. EM bassety@si.edu RI Lewinsohn, Thomas/D-5880-2012; Roslin, Tomas/E-8648-2016; Basset, Yves/B-6642-2014; Novotny, Vojtech/G-9434-2014; Cizek, Lukas/K-7111-2015; Didham, Raphael/B-5953-2011; OI Lewinsohn, Thomas/0000-0001-5950-5343; Roslin, Tomas/0000-0002-2957-4791; Novotny, Vojtech/0000-0001-7918-8023; Dejean, Alain/0000-0002-3561-2248; Orivel, Jerome/0000-0002-5636-3228; CORBARA, Bruno/0000-0003-4232-8234 FU SolVin-Solvay SA; STRI; United Nations Environment Programme; Smithsonian Institution (Walcott Fund); European Science Foundation; Global Canopy Programme; Czech Science foundation GACR grant [14-36098G]; European Social Fund; Czech Ministry of Education [CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0064]; U.S. National Science Fundation [DEB-0841885]; Australian Research Council [FT100100040]; CNPq; "Investissement d'Avenir'' grant [ANR-10-LABX-25-01]; Norwegian Research Council; Grant Agency of the Czech Republic [14-36098G] FX Core funding was provided from SolVin-Solvay SA, STRI, the United Nations Environment Programme, the Smithsonian Institution (Walcott Fund), the European Science Foundation, and the Global Canopy Programme. YB and HB are members of the Sistema Nacional de Investigacion of the SENACYT in Panama, and acknowledge the help of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and Maestria Centroamericana de Entomologia, Universidad de Panama, during the preparation of the IBISCA-Panama project. YB was supported by Czech Science foundation GACR grant 14-36098G, European Social Fund and Czech Ministry of Education CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0064 and U.S. National Science Fundation DEB-0841885. RLK acknowledges the Queensland Government for provision of a visiting fellowship under its Queensland/Smithsonian Institution Scheme. RKD was supported by an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship FT100100040. SPR was supported by CNPq. JO was supported by a "Investissement d'Avenir'' grant managed by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (CEBA, ref. ANR-10-LABX-25-01). FO's research was funded by the Norwegian Research Council. VN was supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (14-36098G). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 52 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 12 U2 49 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 3 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 12 AR e0144110 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0144110 PG 22 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CX9QI UT WOS:000366040000058 PM 26633187 ER PT J AU Thomaz, AT Arcila, D Orti, G Malabarba, LR AF Thomaz, Andrea T. Arcila, Dahiana Orti, Guillermo Malabarba, Luiz R. TI Molecular phylogeny of the subfamily Stevardiinae Gill, 1858 (Characiformes: Characidae): classification and the evolution of reproductive traits (vol 15, 146, 2015) SO BMC EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Thomaz, Andrea T.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol EEB, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Thomaz, Andrea T.; Malabarba, Luiz R.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Zool, BR-90501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Arcila, Dahiana; Orti, Guillermo] George Washington Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Arcila, Dahiana] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, MRC, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Malabarba, LR (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Zool, Av Bento Goncalves 9500, BR-90501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. EM malabarb@ufrgs.br NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2148 J9 BMC EVOL BIOL JI BMC Evol. Biol. PD DEC 3 PY 2015 VL 15 AR 269 DI 10.1186/s12862-015-0489-8 PG 10 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CX4AV UT WOS:000365641500002 PM 26634700 ER PT J AU Liu, JF Bai, Y Wang, S Justham, S Lu, YJ Gu, WM Liu, QZ Di Stefano, R Guo, JC Cabrera-Lavers, A Alvarez, P Cao, Y Kulkarni, S AF Liu, Ji-Feng Bai, Yu Wang, Song Justham, Stephen Lu, You-Jun Gu, Wei-Min Liu, Qing-Zhong Di Stefano, Rosanne Guo, Jin-Cheng Cabrera-Lavers, Antonio Alvarez, Pedro Cao, Yi Kulkarni, Shri TI Relativistic baryonic jets from an ultraluminous supersoft X-ray source SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID MASS BLACK-HOLE; ACCRETION DISKS; EXTERNAL GALAXIES; M81; DISCOVERY; BINARIES; SS-433; NOVAE AB The formation of relativistic jets by an accreting compact object is one of the fundamental mysteries of astrophysics. Although the theory is poorly understood, observations of relativistic jets from systems known as microquasars (compact binary stars)(1,2) have led to a well established phenomenology(3,4). Relativistic jets are not expected to be produced by sources with soft or supersoft X-ray spectra, although two such systems are known to produce relatively low-velocity bipolar outflows(5,6). Here we report the optical spectra of an ultraluminous supersoft X-ray source (ULS7,8) in the nearby galaxy M81 (M81 ULS-1; refs 9, 10). Unexpectedly, the spectra show blueshifted, broad H alpha emission lines, characteristic of baryonic jets with relativistic speeds. These time-variable emission lines have projected velocities of about 17 per cent of the speed of light, and seem to be similar to those from the prototype microquasar SS 433 (refs 11, 12). Such relativistic jets are not expected to be launched from white dwarfs(13), and an origin from a black hole or a neutron star is hard to reconcile with the persistence of M81 ULS-1's soft X-rays(10). Thus the unexpected presence of relativistic jets in a ULS challenges canonical theories of jet formation(3,4), but might be explained by a long-speculated, supercritically accreting black hole with optically thick outflows(14-20). C1 [Liu, Ji-Feng; Bai, Yu; Wang, Song; Justham, Stephen; Lu, You-Jun; Guo, Jin-Cheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Key Lab Opt Astron, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Liu, Ji-Feng; Justham, Stephen; Lu, You-Jun] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Astron & Space Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Gu, Wei-Min] Xiamen Univ, Dept Astron, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, Peoples R China. [Liu, Qing-Zhong] Chinese Acad Sci, Purple Mt Observ, Key Lab Dark Matter & Space Astron, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Di Stefano, Rosanne] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Cabrera-Lavers, Antonio; Alvarez, Pedro] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. [Cabrera-Lavers, Antonio; Alvarez, Pedro] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38205 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. [Cao, Yi; Kulkarni, Shri] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RP Liu, JF (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Key Lab Opt Astron, 20A Datun Rd, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. EM jfliu@nao.cas.cn RI Bai, Yu/E-2902-2016 FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB09000000]; 973 Program [2014CB845705]; National Science Foundation of China [NSFC-11333004/11425313]; W.M. Keck Foundation FX We thank K. Blundell, R. Narayan, Z. Li, T. Wang, F. Yuan, X. Fang, J. Irwin, T. Maccarone and D. Swartz for helpful discussions. We acknowledge support from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant XDB09000000), from the 973 Program (grant 2014CB845705), and from the National Science Foundation of China (grants NSFC-11333004/11425313). This work is based partly on observations made with the Gran Telescopio Canarias, installed in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, on the island of La Palma. Some of the data were obtained at the W.M. Keck Observatory, which is operated through a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This Observatory was made possible through the financial support of the W.M. Keck Foundation. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 69 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD DEC 3 PY 2015 VL 528 IS 7580 BP 108 EP + DI 10.1038/nature15751 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CX3NO UT WOS:000365606000057 PM 26605521 ER PT J AU Laughinghouse, HD Muller, KM Adey, WH Lara, Y Young, R Johnson, G AF Laughinghouse, Haywood Dail Mueller, Kirsten M. Adey, Walter H. Lara, Yannick Young, Robert Johnson, Gabriel TI Evolution of the Northern Rockweed, Fucus distichus, in a Regime of Glacial Cycling: Implications for Benthic Algal Phylogenetics SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BERING STRAIT; MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION; BIOGEOGRAPHY; ATLANTIC; MODEL; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; INTERGLACIALS; PHAEOPHYCEAE; SEAWEEDS; ALASKA AB Northern hemisphere rockweeds (Fucus) are thought to have evolved in the North Pacific and then spread to the North Atlantic following the opening of the Bering Strait. They have dispersed and widely speciated in the North Atlantic and its tributary seas. Fucus distichus is likely near the ancestral member of this genus, and studies have shown that there are several species/subspecies in this complex (i. e. F. evanescens and F. gardneri). We used phylogenetic and haplotype analyses to test the phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of F. distichus. Our data and subsequent analyses demonstrate that, unlike previous studies that lacked samples from an extensive geographical area of the Arctic and Subarctic, there is a distinct Arctic haplotype that is the source of subspecies in both the North Pacific and North Atlantic. Fucus distichus occupies a low tide zone habitat, and in Arctic/Subarctic regions it is adapted to the severe stress of sea ice coverage and disturbance during many months per year. We hypothesize that the very large geographic area of Arctic and Subarctic rocky shores available to this species during interglacials, supported by large Arctic/Subarctic fringe areas as well as unglaciated refugia during glacial cycles, provided a robust population and gene pool (described by the Thermogeographic Model). This gene pool dilutes that of the more fragmented and area-limited Temperate/Boreal area populations when they are brought together during glacial cycles. We suggest that similar subspecies complexes for a variety of Arctic/Subarctic shore biota should be examined further in this context, rather than arbitrarily being split up into numerous species. C1 [Laughinghouse, Haywood Dail; Adey, Walter H.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Mueller, Kirsten M.; Young, Robert] Univ Waterloo, Dept Biol, Waterloo, ON N2T 2T4, Canada. [Lara, Yannick] Univ Liege, Ctr Prot Engn, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. [Johnson, Gabriel] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Dept Bot, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Johnson, Gabriel] Smithsonian Inst, Museum Support Ctr, Labs Analyt Biol, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. RP Muller, KM (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Dept Biol, Waterloo, ON N2T 2T4, Canada. EM kirsten.muller@uwaterloo.ca RI Laughinghouse, Haywood/M-5836-2016 OI Laughinghouse, Haywood/0000-0003-1018-6948 FU National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) [RGPin 238619-2012 32709]; Dept. of Botany, Smithsonian Institution; Statoil; FRS-FNRS; NSERC Discovery Grant Program FX Research by K. Muller was supported by an National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery grant: http://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/Professors-Professeurs/Grants-Subs/DGIGP-PS IGP_eng.asp, Grant Number -RGPin 238619-2012 32709. W. Adey received internal funding from the Dept. of Botany, Smithsonian Institution for DNA extraction and sequencing and H.D. Laughinghouse IV was funded by grants from Statoil and FRS-FNRS during different parts of this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; We would like to thank Dr. J Coyer for his exceptional support during this study, from sharing his "Rosetta Stone" to reviewing an earlier version of this manuscript. We would also like to thank Chris MacTaggart for drawing our map, Dr. M Wynne for his view on current taxonomy of Fucus species, to RM Fischer for proofreading our manuscript, and to two anonymous reviewers for their comments. K. Muller received funding from the NSERC Discovery Grant Program, W. Adey received internal funding from the Dept. of Botany, Smithsonian Institution for DNA extraction and sequencing, and H.D. Laughinghouse IV was funded by grants from Statoil and FRS-FNRS during different parts of this study. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 2 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 12 AR e0143795 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0143795 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CX8BI UT WOS:000365926300100 PM 26630571 ER PT J AU Baker, PA Fritz, SC Silva, CG Rigsby, CA Absy, ML Almeida, RP Caputo, M Chiessi, CM Cruz, FW Dick, CW Feakins, SJ Figueiredo, J Freeman, KH Hoorn, C Jaramillo, C Kern, AK Latrubesse, EM Ledru, MP Marzoli, A Myrbo, A Noren, A Piller, WE Ramos, MIF Ribas, CC Trnadade, R West, AJ Wahnfried, I Willard, DA AF Baker, P. A. Fritz, S. C. Silva, C. G. Rigsby, C. A. Absy, M. L. Almeida, R. P. Caputo, M. Chiessi, C. M. Cruz, F. W. Dick, C. W. Feakins, S. J. Figueiredo, J. Freeman, K. H. Hoorn, C. Jaramillo, C. Kern, A. K. Latrubesse, E. M. Ledru, M. P. Marzoli, A. Myrbo, A. Noren, A. Piller, W. E. Ramos, M. I. F. Ribas, C. C. Trnadade, R. West, A. J. Wahnfried, I. Willard, D. A. TI Trans-Amazon Drilling Project (TADP): origins and evolution of the forests, climate, and hydrology of the South American tropics SO SCIENTIFIC DRILLING LA English DT Article ID ATLANTIC MAGMATIC PROVINCE; TRIASSIC MASS EXTINCTION; NEOTROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; LATE MIOCENE RISE; SOLIMOES FORMATION; BIODIVERSITY; UPLIFT; DIVERSIFICATION; HISTORY; ALTIPLANO AB This article presents the scientific rationale for an ambitious ICDP drilling project to continuously sample Late Cretaceous to modern sediment in four different sedimentary basins that transect the equatorial Amazon of Brazil, from the Andean foreland to the Atlantic Ocean. The goals of this project are to document the evolution of plant biodiversity in the Amazon forests and to relate biotic diversification to changes in the physical environment, including climate, tectonism, and the surface landscape. These goals require long sedimentary records from each of the major sedimentary basins across the heart of the Brazilian Amazon, which can only be obtained by drilling because of the scarcity of Cenozoic outcrops. The proposed drilling will provide the first long, nearly continuous regional records of the Cenozoic history of the forests, their plant diversity, and the associated changes in climate and environment. It also will address fundamental questions about landscape evolution, including the history of Andean uplift and erosion as recorded in Andean foreland basins and the development of west-to-east hydrologic continuity between the Andes, the Amazon lowlands, and the equatorial Atlantic. Because many modern rivers of the Amazon basin flow along the major axes of the old sedimentary basins, we plan to locate drill sites on the margin of large rivers and to access the targeted drill sites by navigation along these rivers. C1 [Baker, P. A.] Duke Univ, Earth & Ocean Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Baker, P. A.; Rigsby, C. A.] Yachay Tech Univ, San Miguel De Urcuqui, Imbabura, Ecuador. [Fritz, S. C.] Univ Nebraska, Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Silva, C. G.] Univ Fed Fluminense, Dept Geol, Niteroi, RJ, Brazil. [Rigsby, C. A.] East Carolina Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Greenville, NC USA. [Absy, M. L.; Ribas, C. C.] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Almeida, R. P.; Chiessi, C. M.; Cruz, F. W.; Kern, A. K.] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Arts Sci & Humanities, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Caputo, M.] Geoarte Consultoria Geol & Artist Ltda, Belem, Para, Brazil. [Dick, C. W.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Feakins, S. J.; West, A. J.] Univ Southern Calif, Dept Earth Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Figueiredo, J.] OGX Oil & Gas Brazil, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Freeman, K. H.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, State Coll, PA USA. [Hoorn, C.] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Biodivers & Ecosyt Dynam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Jaramillo, C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Latrubesse, E. M.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geog, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ledru, M. P.] Univ Montpellier, Inst Rech Dev, Montpellier, France. [Marzoli, A.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Geosci, Padua, Italy. [Myrbo, A.; Noren, A.] Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, Limnol Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Piller, W. E.] Graz Univ, Inst Earth Sci, Graz, Austria. [Ramos, M. I. F.] Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Belem, Para, Brazil. [Trnadade, R.] Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Fac Oceanog, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Wahnfried, I.] Univ Fed Amazonas, Dept Geociencias, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Willard, D. A.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA. RP Baker, PA (reprint author), Duke Univ, Earth & Ocean Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM pbaker@duke.edu RI Almeida, Renato/G-2567-2013; Chiessi, Cristiano/E-1916-2012; Feakins, Sarah/K-4149-2012 OI Almeida, Renato/0000-0003-3664-1558; Chiessi, Cristiano/0000-0003-3318-8022; MARZOLI, ANDREA/0000-0003-0093-2759; Feakins, Sarah/0000-0003-3434-2423 NR 67 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 4 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1816-8957 EI 1816-3459 J9 SCI DRILL JI Sci. Drill. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 20 BP 41 EP 49 DI 10.5194/sd-20-41-2015 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DQ7XY UT WOS:000379423200006 ER PT J AU Olson, SL AF Olson, Storrs L. TI More on the status of Testudo nigra Quoy and Gaimard and Testudo nigrita Dumeril and Bibron as nomina dubia for Galapagos tortoises (Testudines: Testudinidae) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Chelonoidis; Geochelone; nomenclature; Reptilia; Testudo elephantopus AB Additional archival information on the history of the holotype of Testudo nigra (=T. californiana) confirms that there is probably no possibility of establishing its island of origin within the Galapagos. Both names should be suppressed as nomina dubia, despite the fact that T. nigra was relatively recently resurrected as the species name for all Galapagos tortoises. The status of the name Testudo nigrita as a nomen dubium is here further confirmed by the fact that its lectotype no longer exists. C1 [Olson, Storrs L.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Olson, SL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM olsons@si.edu NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0006-324X EI 1943-6327 J9 P BIOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 128 IS 4 BP 204 EP 208 DI 10.2988/0006-324X-128.4.204 PG 5 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DN0LK UT WOS:000376755200002 ER PT J AU Cairns, SD Samimi-Namin, K AF Cairns, Stephen D. Samimi-Namin, Kaveh TI A new species of Stylaster (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa: Stylasteridae) from the Arabian Sea, off Oman SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Stylasteridae; Stylaster; Oman; Dhofar region; Arabian Sea; new species ID GENERIC REVISION; COELENTERATA; COAST AB A new species of Stylaster (Group A, previously known as Allopora) is described from the southern coast of Oman, Arabian Sea. This region is known for its complex hydrography, which leads to a high diversity of marine life in shallow-water habitats. Stylaster omanensis n. sp. differs from all other described species of the genus in lacking dactylostyles. C1 [Cairns, Stephen D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Samimi-Namin, Kaveh] Nat Biodivers Ctr, Dept Marine Zool, POB 9517, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. RP Cairns, SD (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM cairnss@si.edu; kaveh.samimi@naturalis.nl FU Ministry of Environment and climate affair, Oman; Schure-Beijerinck-Poppingfonds; Alida Buitendijkfonds; Jan Joost ter Pelkwijkfonds; Martin-Fellowship; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Census of Marine Life FX We would like to thank B. W. Hoeksema, L. P. van Ofwegen, and K. van Egmond (NBC, Leiden) for support and curatorial assistance. The second author is grateful to the Ministry of Environment and climate affair, Oman, M. R. Claereboudt (Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat) for their support. He also thanks S. C. Wilson, R. Baldwin, O. Taylor, A. Willson, I. Benson, E. Looker (Five Oceans Environmental Services, Muscat), F. AlAbdali (Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat) for support. The second author's research at the NBC and part of the field work was supported by Schure-Beijerinck-Poppingfonds, Alida Buitendijkfonds, Jan Joost ter Pelkwijkfonds, and a Martin-Fellowship. The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation and the Census of Marine Life are gratefully acknowledged for the research grant provided to the second author; also in this regard, M. R. Claereboudt (Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat), N. D'Adamo (UNESCO-IOC, Perth), J. H. Ausubel (Rockefeller University) are greatly appreciated for their continued support. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0006-324X EI 1943-6327 J9 P BIOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 128 IS 4 BP 209 EP 215 DI 10.2988/0006-324X-128.4.209 PG 7 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DN0LK UT WOS:000376755200003 ER PT J AU Baron-Szabo, RC AF Baron-Szabo, Rosemarie C. TI A new dendrophylliid coral genus Cairnsipsammia from the Lower Cretaceous of western Austria (Anthozoa; Scleractinia; Vorarlberg; Schrattenkalk Formation [upper Barremian-lower Aptian]) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Dendrophylliidae; Austria; Schrattenkalk Formation; Taxonomy; Lower Cretaceous AB The new colonial dendrophylliid coral genus Cairnsipsammia is described from the Lower Cretaceous Schrattenkalk Formation (upper Barremian-lower Aptian) of western Austria (Vorarlberg). The new genus is characterized by plocoid to submeandroid types of polyp integration, compact to porous costosepta, and corallites that are united by their perithecal walls or embedded in a narrow (up to 2 mm wide) porous, reticulate and costate coenosteum with granular surfaces. It represents the oldest colonial genus of the family Dendrophylliidae. The occurrence of Cairnsipsammia in a shallow-water, reefal environment (Schrattenkalk Formation), in combination with both the relatively high degree of corallite integration (submeandroid) and massive growth form points to the hypothesis that Cairnsipsammia may have been zooxanthellate. C1 [Baron-Szabo, Rosemarie C.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Baron-Szabo, Rosemarie C.] Senckenberg Res Inst, Frankfurt, Germany. RP Baron-Szabo, RC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM rosemarie_baronszabo@yahoo.com FU "Inatura'' Museum, Dornbirn, Austria FX The author is most grateful to Dennis M. Opresko (Knoxville, Tennessee) and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript. Many thanks go to Georg Friebe ("Inatura'', Dornbirn, Austria) and Stefan Heim (Walsermuseum Riezlern, Austria) for making accessible both the current and additional study material. Special thanks are due to Michael Ricker (Research Institute Senckenberg, Frankfurt, Germany) for preparing the thin sections and providing the thin section images. As a Research Associate of the Smithsonian Institution (SI) Washington, DC, USA, and an Honorary Researcher at the Research Institute Senckenberg, Frankfurt, Germany, the author would like to express her deep appreciation for the continuing support from these institutions. I am especially grateful for the financial support by the "Inatura'' Museum, Dornbirn, Austria. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0006-324X EI 1943-6327 J9 P BIOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 128 IS 4 BP 216 EP 226 DI 10.2988/0006-324X-128.4.216 PG 11 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA DN0LK UT WOS:000376755200004 ER PT J AU Steiner, WE Swearingen, JM AF Steiner, Warren E., Jr. Swearingen, Jil M. TI NEW RECORDS OF THREE NON-NATIVE DARKLING BEETLES (COLEOPTERA: TENEBRIONIDAE) ESTABLISHED IN CALIFORNIA AND NEVADA, USA SO COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Crypticini; Gondwanocrypticus platensis; Gonocephalum sericeum; Opatrini; Opatroides punctulatus; introduced insects; myrmecophile; omnivory; pest; Chuck Triplehorn ID OPATROIDES-PUNCTULATUS; GONOCEPHALUM SOLIER; BRULLE AB Recent California collection records for three adventive species of soil-dwelling darkling beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) are provided, with observational notes on habitats and spread. Gonocephalum sericeum (Baudi), a widespread, synanthropic species in northern Africa and Middle East, is reported from the Western Hemisphere for the first time. The species is illustrated and diagnosed, and the genus is incorporated into a key to North American Opatrini. Gondwanocrypticus platensis (Fairmaire), a South American species of Crypticini often associated with nest debris of imported fire ants, has spread widely in southern California. Opatroides punctulatus Brulle, first discovered in the Sacramento area in 2003-2008, has recently been found in abundance in and around Reno, Nevada and is spreading to new California counties. All three species are thought to be facultative opportunistic ant associates in disturbed habitats. C1 [Steiner, Warren E., Jr.; Swearingen, Jil M.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, NHB-187, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Steiner, WE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, NHB-187, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM steinerw@si.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU COLEOPTERISTS SOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, 413 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES BUILDING, ATHENS, GA 30602-2603 USA SN 0010-065X EI 1938-4394 J9 COLEOPTS BULL JI Coleopt. Bull. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 69 BP 22 EP 26 DI 10.1649/0010-065X-69.mo4.22 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DE8OH UT WOS:000370895200003 ER PT J AU Raymond, JC Edgar, RJ Ghavamian, P Blair, WP AF Raymond, John C. Edgar, Richard J. Ghavamian, P. Blair, William P. TI CARBON, HELIUM, AND PROTON KINETIC TEMPERATURES IN A CYGNUS LOOP SHOCK WAVE (vol 805, 152, 2015) SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Correction C1 [Raymond, John C.; Edgar, Richard J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ghavamian, P.] Towson Univ, Dept Phys Astron & Geosci, Towson, MD 21252 USA. [Blair, William P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Raymond, JC (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM jraymond@cfa.harvard.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 2 AR 165 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/165 PG 1 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DF6KA UT WOS:000371463200034 ER PT J AU Bekaert, B Kamalandua, A Zapico, SC Van de Voorde, W Decorte, R AF Bekaert, B. Kamalandua, A. Zapico, S. C. Van de Voorde, W. Decorte, R. TI A selective set of DNA-methylation markers for age determination of blood, teeth and buccal samples SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL GENETICS SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article AB Anthropologic age estimation techniques are currently limited to teeth and bones and have significantly lowered accuracy when used for adult age estimation. We recently developed an epigenetic age estimation assay as an alternative forensic technique in which prediction models provided highly accurate age predictions for blood and dentin samples. Other matrices such as buccal swabs are equally relevant in forensic investigations. We demonstrate that the same set of 4 genes which we previously used for age determination of blood and dentin provides highly accurate age prediction results for buccal swabs too. A quadratic regression using DNA methylation values of specific CpG sites within the genes APSA, PDE4C, EDARADD and ELOVL2 provided age estimation accuracies with a Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) value of 3.32 years for 50 buccal swabs. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bekaert, B.; Kamalandua, A.; Van de Voorde, W.; Decorte, R.] KU Leuven Univ Leuven, Dept Imaging & Pathol, Forens Biomed Sci, Leuven, Belgium. [Bekaert, B.; Van de Voorde, W.; Decorte, R.] Univ Hosp Leuven, Dept Forens Med, Lab Forens Genet & Mol Archaeol, Leuven, Belgium. [Zapico, S. C.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Seattle, WA USA. RP Bekaert, B (reprint author), KU Leuven Univ Leuven, Dept Imaging & Pathol, Forens Biomed Sci, Leuven, Belgium. EM bram.bekaert@uzleuven.be OI Decorte, Ronny/0000-0002-0001-386X; Kamalandua, Aubeline/0000-0002-9129-2373 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 1875-1768 EI 1875-175X J9 FORENSIC SCI INT GEN JI Forensic Sci. Int. Genet. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 5 BP E144 EP E145 DI 10.1016/j.fsigss.2015.09.058 PG 2 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA DE7JE UT WOS:000370811200059 ER PT J AU Ceruzzi, PE AF Ceruzzi, Paul E. TI From Mainframes to Smartphones: A History of the International Computer Industry. SO BUSINESS HISTORY REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 [Ceruzzi, Paul E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Space Hist Div, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Ceruzzi, PE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Air & Space Museum, Space Hist Div, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0007-6805 EI 2044-768X J9 BUS HIST REV JI Bus. Hist. Rev. PD WIN PY 2015 VL 89 IS 4 BP 767 EP 769 DI 10.1017/S0007680515001129 PG 3 WC Business; History Of Social Sciences SC Business & Economics; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA DE2BM UT WOS:000370431200007 ER PT J AU Hacker, BC AF Hacker, Barton C. TI Torpedo: Inventing the Military-Industrial Complex in the United States and Great Britain SO ISIS LA English DT Book Review C1 [Hacker, Barton C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Armed Forces Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Hacker, BC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Amer Hist, Armed Forces Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0021-1753 EI 1545-6994 J9 ISIS JI Isis PD DEC PY 2015 VL 106 IS 4 BP 963 EP 964 PG 3 WC History & Philosophy Of Science SC History & Philosophy of Science GA DC9XP UT WOS:000369575200071 ER PT J AU McGath, M Jordan-Mowery, S Pollei, M Heslip, S Baty, J AF McGath, Molly Jordan-Mowery, Sonja Pollei, Mark Heslip, Steven Baty, John TI Cellulose Acetate Lamination: A Literature Review and Survey of Paper-Based Collections in the United States SO RESTAURATOR-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR THE PRESERVATION OF LIBRARY AND ARCHIVAL MATERIAL LA English DT Review DE Cellulose acetate lamination; Barrow lamination; delamination; literature survey; peer survey; conservation treatments ID DEGRADATION; DOCUMENTS; ARCHIVES; TISSUE; FILM AB Cellulose acetate (CA) lamination, a technique to strengthen documents by sealing them between sheets of thermoplastic film, was widespread from the 1930s to the 1990s. Its use gradually stopped in the 1980s amid concerns about the physical and chemical instability of the laminate and the degradation risks posed to the treated document. Despite concerns about CA lamination, no coordinated effort has taken place to establish the various materials and techniques used in cellulose acetate laminations or to determine the number and present condition of CA laminated documents in US collections. In this paper, we review the chemistry and methods used in CA lamination. We then report results of a survey of 52 US institutions with significant laminated collections. We find that at least 2.9 million laminated documents exist in US collections, and most of those documents are observed to be in stable condition. A majority of the institutions used cellulose diacetate (CDA) as the laminating film and as few as 0.6% CDA laminated documents have been delaminated. The results should aid institutions in determining the cost benefit in the management of these significant collections. C1 [McGath, Molly; Jordan-Mowery, Sonja; Pollei, Mark; Baty, John] Johns Hopkins Univ, Heritage Sci Conservat Program, Dept Conservat & Preservat, Sheridan Lib & Univ Museums, Brody Learning Commons Rm 5031,3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [McGath, Molly] Smithsonian Inst, Freer Gallery Art & Arthur M Sackler Gallery, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Heslip, Steven] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept User Experience, Sheridan Libraries & Univ Museums, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Baty, John] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Whiting Sch Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP McGath, M (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Heritage Sci Conservat Program, Dept Conservat & Preservat, Sheridan Lib & Univ Museums, Brody Learning Commons Rm 5031,3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM molybdenumart@gmail.com OI Heslip, Steven/0000-0002-1019-9143 FU Andrew W. Mellon Foundation FX We thank the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation for funding this research. We are grateful to Vicki Lee at the Maryland State Archives; Sarah Koonts and Emily Rainwater at the North Carolina State Archives; and Paulette Schwarting, Stacy Rusch and E. Lee Shepard the Virginia State Library for beta-testing the survey and allowing us to visit their collections. We thank Mike Reese of the Sheridan Libraries and University Museums, Johns Hopkins University for his input on the survey process. We thank Patricia McGuiggan for extensive editing. We thank the conservators and conservation scientists of the Department of Conservation & Preservation, the Sheridan Libraries and University Museums, Johns Hopkins University. NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 10 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0034-5806 EI 1865-8431 J9 RESTAURATOR JI Restaur.-Int. J. Preserv. Libr. Arch. Mater. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 36 IS 4 BP 333 EP 365 DI 10.1515/res-2015-0015 PG 33 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA DC0MZ UT WOS:000368912900006 ER PT J AU Regnier, C Bouchet, P Hayes, KA Yeung, NW Christensen, CC Chung, DJD Fontaine, B Cowie, RH AF Regnier, Claire Bouchet, Philippe Hayes, Kenneth A. Yeung, Norine W. Christensen, Carl C. Chung, Daniel J. D. Fontaine, Benoit Cowie, Robert H. TI Extinction in a hyperdiverse endemic Hawaiian land snail family and implications for the underestimation of invertebrate extinction SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amastridae; conservation bias; conservation status; extinction; Hawaii; IUCN Red List; taxonomic impediment ID FRENCH-POLYNESIA; RATTUS-RATTUS; TREE SNAILS; RED LIST; ISLAND; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; POPULATIONS; DIVERSITY; INVASIONS AB The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List includes 832 species listed as extinct since 1600, a minuscule fraction of total biodiversity. This extinction rate is of the same order of magnitude as the background rate and has been used to downplay the biodiversity crisis. Invertebrates comprise 99% of biodiversity, yet the status of a negligible number has been assessed. We assessed extinction in the Hawaiian land snail family Amastridae (325 species, IUCN lists 33 as extinct). We did not use the stringent IUCN criteria, by which most invertebrates would be considered data deficient, but a more realistic approach comparing historical collections with modern surveys and expert knowledge. Of the 325 Amastridae species, 43 were originally described as fossil or subfossil and were assumed to be extinct. Of the remaining 282, we evaluated 88 as extinct and 15 as extant and determined that 179 species had insufficient evidence of extinction (though most are probably extinct). Results of statistical assessment of extinction probabilities were consistent with our expert evaluations of levels of extinction. Modeling various extinction scenarios yielded extinction rates of 0.4-14.0% of the amastrid fauna per decade. The true rate of amastrid extinction has not been constant; generally, it has increased over time. We estimated a realistic average extinction rate as approximately 5%/ decade since the first half of the nineteenth century. In general, oceanic island biotas are especially susceptible to extinction and global rate generalizations do not reflect this. Our approach could be used for other invertebrates, especially those with restricted ranges (e. g., islands), and such an approach may be the only way to evaluate invertebrates rapidly enough to keep up with ongoing extinction. C1 [Regnier, Claire; Bouchet, Philippe; Fontaine, Benoit] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, Museum Natl Hist Nat, EPHE,MNHN,UMR CNRS 7205,Isnt Systemat,Evolut,Biod, F-75231 Paris 05, France. [Hayes, Kenneth A.] Howard Univ, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Hayes, Kenneth A.; Yeung, Norine W.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Yeung, Norine W.; Christensen, Carl C.; Cowie, Robert H.] Univ Hawaii, Pacific Biosci Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Yeung, Norine W.; Christensen, Carl C.; Chung, Daniel J. D.] Bernice P Bishop Museum, Honolulu, HI 96817 USA. RP Regnier, C (reprint author), Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, Museum Natl Hist Nat, EPHE,MNHN,UMR CNRS 7205,Isnt Systemat,Evolut,Biod, Case Postale 51,55 Rue Buffon, F-75231 Paris 05, France. EM cregnier@mnhn.fr FU Ars Cuttoli Foundation; NSF [DEB-1120906]; U.S. Department of Agriculture, CAPS program; Oahu Army Natural Resources Program FX We thank R. Kawamoto for help in the Bishop Museum collections and archives, V. Costello, M. Severns, and K. Wood for sharing their knowledge and data, V. Costello for facilitating field work, students and colleagues who participated in surveys, B. Lefeuvre for help with maps, and T. Lee for discussion of how to adapt her method of inferring extinction. C.R. was supported by the Ars Cuttoli Foundation. R.H.C. was supported by a visiting curatorship at the Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, facilitated by P. Bouchet and V. Heros. Surveys were supported by NSF grant DEB-1120906 and by grants from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, CAPS program, and from the Oahu Army Natural Resources Program. NR 59 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 7 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 EI 1523-1739 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 29 IS 6 BP 1715 EP 1723 DI 10.1111/cobi.12565 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DB2JT UT WOS:000368334800024 PM 26234768 ER PT J AU Isaac, G AF Isaac, Gwyneira TI Perclusive Alliances Digital 3-D, Museums, and the Reconciling of Culturally Diverse Knowledges SO CURRENT ANTHROPOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Wenner-Gren symposium on Death of the Secret - The Public and Private in Anthropology CY MAR 14-20, 2014 CL Sintra, PORTUGAL ID OBJECTS AB Although social mechanisms for the control of knowledge are widely studied, research into how intersecting groups and institutions reconcile culturally different approaches to knowledge has been limited. I explore this territory by looking at a collaborative project to create digital 3-D scans and replicas of objects of cultural patrimony that was developed between the National Museum of Natural History and the Tlingit tribe of Alaska in 2010. These 3-D reproductions highlight the social values ascribed to digital technology, including its perceived ability to disseminate knowledge and reveal to the public the inner workings of museums, such as the process of repatriation. The presumed and deceptively straightforward nature of copies, however, belies their powers of social transformation. As explored through these 3-D digital replica projects, I argue these are not only about the power to physically replicate something but also the potential to construct relationships and, therefore, to transform the current social order. I look at the problems of using the term "secrecy" in these cross-cultural contexts, opting instead to identify how responsibilities are assigned to knowledge and its use. By also identifying what I term "perclusive" alliances that traverse groups and public/private knowledge categories, I argue for an analytical approach that studies across institutional and cultural contexts, thereby identifying variations in how these responsibilities toward knowledge are assigned and according to which contexts as well as the means employed to negotiate difference. C1 [Isaac, Gwyneira] Natl Museum Nat Hist, North Amer Ethnol, Dept Anthropol, Smithsonian Inst, MRC 112,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Isaac, G (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, North Amer Ethnol, Dept Anthropol, Smithsonian Inst, MRC 112,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM isaacg@si.edu NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0011-3204 EI 1537-5382 J9 CURR ANTHROPOL JI Curr. Anthropol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 56 SU 12 BP S286 EP S296 DI 10.1086/683296 PG 11 WC Anthropology SC Anthropology GA DB4RM UT WOS:000368500800012 ER PT J AU Bennett, KL Linton, YM Shija, F Kaddumukasa, M Djouaka, R Misinzo, G Lutwama, J Huang, YM Mitchell, LB Richards, M Tossou, E Walton, C AF Bennett, Kelly Louise Linton, Yvonne-Marie Shija, Fortunate Kaddumukasa, Martha Djouaka, Rousseau Misinzo, Gerald Lutwama, Julius Huang, Yiau-Min Mitchell, Luke B. Richards, Miriam Tossou, Eric Walton, Catherine TI Molecular Differentiation of the African Yellow Fever Vector Aedes bromeliae (Diptera: Culicidae) from Its Sympatric Nonvector Sister Species, Aedes lilii SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID EAST-AFRICA; SEQUENCE VARIATION; CHIKUNGUNYA VIRUS; DNA BARCODES; IDENTIFICATION; OUTBREAK; MOSQUITOS; REGION; EPIDEMIC; DISEASE AB Introduction Yellow fever continues to be a problem in sub-Saharan Africa with repeated epidemics occurring. The mosquito Aedes bromeliae is a major vector of yellow fever, but it cannot be readily differentiated from its non-vector zoophilic sister species Ae. lilii using morphological characters. Genetic differences have been reported between anthropophilic Ae. bromeliae and zoophilic Ae. lilii and between forest and domestic populations. However, due to the application of different molecular markers and non-overlapping populations employed in previous studies, interpretation of species delimitation is unclear. Methodology/Principle Findings DNA sequences were generated from specimens of Ae. simpsoni s. l. from the Republic of Benin, Tanzania and Uganda for two nuclear genes apolipophorin 2 (apoLp2) and cytochrome p450 (CYPJ92), the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (COI) barcoding region. Nuclear genes apoLp2 and CYPJ92 were unable to differentiate between species Ae. bromeliae and Ae. lilii due to ancestral lineage sorting, while ITS sequence data provided clear topological separation on a phylogeny. The standard COI barcoding region was shown to be subject to species introgression and unable to clearly distinguish the two taxa. Here we present a reliable direct PCR-based method for differentiation of the vector species Ae. bromeliae from its isomorphic, sympatric and non-biomedically important sister taxon, Ae. lilii, based on the ITS region. Using molecular species verification, we describe novel immature habitats for Ae. lilii and report both sympatric and allopatric populations. Whereas only Ae. lilii is found in the Republic of Benin and only Ae. bromeliae in Tanzania, both species are sympatric in Uganda. Conclusions/Significance Our accurate identification method will allow informed distribution and detailed ecological studies that will facilitate assessment of arboviral disease risk and development of future targeted vector control. C1 [Bennett, Kelly Louise; Shija, Fortunate; Walton, Catherine] Univ Manchester, Computat Evolutionary Biol Grp, Fac Life Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Linton, Yvonne-Marie; Huang, Yiau-Min; Mitchell, Luke B.] Smithsonian Inst Museum Support Ctr, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Suitland, MD USA. [Linton, Yvonne-Marie] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Linton, Yvonne-Marie] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Linton, Yvonne-Marie; Huang, Yiau-Min; Mitchell, Luke B.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Shija, Fortunate; Misinzo, Gerald; Richards, Miriam] Sokoine Univ Agr, Dept Vet Microbiol & Parasitol, Morogoro, Tanzania. [Kaddumukasa, Martha; Lutwama, Julius] Uganda Virus Res Inst, Dept Arbovirol Emerging & Re Eemerging Infect, Entebbe, Uganda. [Djouaka, Rousseau; Tossou, Eric] Agroecohlth Platform West & Cent Africa, Int Inst Trop Agr, Porto Novo, Benin. RP Bennett, KL (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Computat Evolutionary Biol Grp, Fac Life Sci, Manchester, Lancs, England. EM Catherine.walton@manchester.ac.uk FU Royal Society; Leverhulme Trust [(AA110092]; Natural Environment Research Council [NE/H525170/1, NE/1528134/1, NE/J500057/1]; National Research Council (NRC) FX This work was supported by an Africa Award from the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust (AA110092) and a PhD studentship to KLB funded by the Natural Environment Research Council [NE/H525170/1, NE/1528134/1, NE/J500057/1]. This manuscript was prepared whilst YML held a National Research Council (NRC) Research Associateship Award at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. The material to be published reflects the views of the authors and should not be construed to represent those of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 72 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 9 IS 12 AR e0004250 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004250 PG 19 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA DB2NG UT WOS:000368345100027 PM 26641858 ER PT J AU McKellar, AE Reudink, MW Marra, PP Ratcliffe, LM Wilson, S AF McKellar, Ann E. Reudink, Matthew W. Marra, Peter P. Ratcliffe, Laurene M. Wilson, Scott TI Climate and density influence annual survival and movement in a migratory songbird SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE American redstart; annual survival; breeding dispersal; density; El Nino Southern Oscillation; multistate mark-recapture; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; Setophaga ruticilla ID NEOTROPICAL MIGRANT SONGBIRD; NONBREEDING-SEASON; HABITAT SELECTION; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; BREEDING DISPERSAL; PUBLIC INFORMATION; AMERICAN REDSTARTS; APPARENT SURVIVAL; SEXUAL SELECTION AB Assessing the drivers of survival across the annual cycle is important for understanding when and how population limitation occurs in migratory animals. Density-dependent population regulation can occur during breeding and non-breeding periods, and large-scale climate cycles can also affect survival throughout the annual cycle via their effects on local weather and vegetation productivity. Most studies of survival use mark-recapture techniques to estimate apparent survival, but true survival rates remain obscured due to unknown rates of permanent emigration. This is especially problematic when assessing annual survival of migratory birds, whose movement between breeding attempts, or breeding dispersal, can be substantial. We used a multistate approach to examine drivers of annual survival and one component of breeding dispersal (habitat-specific movements) in a population of American redstarts (Setophaga ruticilla) over 11 years in two adjacent habitat types. Annual survival displayed a curvilinear relation to the Southern Oscillation Index, with lower survival during La Nina and El Nino conditions. Although redstart density had no impact on survival, habitat-specific density influenced local movements between habitat types, with redstarts being less likely to disperse from their previous year's breeding habitat as density within that habitat increased. This finding was strongest in males and may be explained by conspecific attraction influencing settlement decisions. Survival was lowest in young males, but movement was highest in this group, indicating that apparent survival rates were likely biased low due to permanent emigration. Our findings demonstrate the utility of examining breeding dispersal in mark-recapture studies and complement recent work using spatially explicit models of dispersal probability to obtain greater accuracy in survival estimates. C1 [McKellar, Ann E.] Environm Canada, Canadian Wildlife Serv, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X4, Canada. [Reudink, Matthew W.] Thompson Rivers Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Kamloops, BC V2C 0C8, Canada. [Marra, Peter P.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Ratcliffe, Laurene M.] Queens Univ, Dept Biol, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. [Wilson, Scott] Canadian Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Environm Canada, Wildlife Res Div, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada. RP McKellar, AE (reprint author), Environm Canada, Canadian Wildlife Serv, 115 Perimeter Rd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X4, Canada. EM ann.mckellar@canada.ca OI Reudink, Matthew/0000-0001-8956-5849 FU National Science Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Environment Canada FX National Science Foundation, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and Environment Canada. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 5 IS 24 BP S892 EP S904 DI 10.1002/ece3.1854 PG 13 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DA9NP UT WOS:000368136600014 PM 26811763 ER PT J AU Snyder, GF Torrey, P Lotz, JM Genel, S McBride, CK Vogelsberger, M Pillepich, A Nelson, D Sales, LV Sijacki, D Hernquist, L Springel, V AF Snyder, Gregory F. Torrey, Paul Lotz, Jennifer M. Genel, Shy McBride, Cameron K. Vogelsberger, Mark Pillepich, Annalisa Nelson, Dylan Sales, Laura V. Sijacki, Debora Hernquist, Lars Springel, Volker TI Galaxy morphology and star formation in the Illustris Simulation at z=0 SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: numerical; galaxies: formation; galaxies: statistics; galaxies: structure ID DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; MOVING-MESH COSMOLOGY; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; COLD DARK-MATTER; SIMILAR-TO 2; HIGH-REDSHIFT; BLACK-HOLES; STELLAR POPULATION; QUIESCENT GALAXIES; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES AB We study how optical galaxy morphology depends on mass and star formation rate (SFR) in the Illustris Simulation. To do so, we measure automated galaxy structures in 10 808 simulated galaxies at z = 0 with stellar masses 10(9.7) < M-*/M-circle dot < 10(12.3). We add observational realism to idealized synthetic images and measure non-parametric statistics in rest-frame optical and near-IR images from four directions. We find that Illustris creates a morphologically diverse galaxy population, occupying the observed bulge strength locus and reproducing median morphology trends versus stellar mass, SFR, and compactness. Morphology correlates realistically with rotation, following classification schemes put forth by kinematic surveys. Type fractions as a function of environment agree roughly with data. These results imply that connections among mass, star formation, and galaxy structure arise naturally from models matching global star formation and halo occupation functions when simulated with accurate methods. This raises a question of how to construct experiments on galaxy surveys to better distinguish between models. We predict that at fixed halo mass near 10(12) M-circle dot, disc-dominated galaxies have higher stellar mass than bulge-dominated ones, a possible consequence of the Illustris feedback model. While Illustris galaxies at M-* similar to 10(11) M-circle dot have a reasonable size distribution, those at M-* similar to 10(10) M-circle dot have half-light radii larger than observed by a factor of 2. Furthermore, at M-* similar to 10(10.5)-10(11) M-circle dot, a relevant fraction of Illustris galaxies have distinct 'ring-like' features, such that the bright pixels have an unusually wide spatial extent. C1 [Snyder, Gregory F.; Lotz, Jennifer M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Torrey, Paul; Vogelsberger, Mark] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Torrey, Paul] CALTECH, TAPIR, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Genel, Shy; McBride, Cameron K.; Pillepich, Annalisa; Nelson, Dylan; Sales, Laura V.; Hernquist, Lars] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Genel, Shy] Columbia Univ, Dept Astron, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Sijacki, Debora] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Sijacki, Debora] Univ Cambridge, Kavli Inst Cosmol, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Inst Theoret Studies, D-69118 Heidelberg, Germany. [Springel, Volker] Heidelberg Univ, ARI, Zentrum Astron, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Snyder, GF (reprint author), Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM gsnyder@stsci.edu OI Torrey, Paul/0000-0002-5653-0786 FU NASA [NNX12AC67G, NAS 5-26555]; NSF [AST-1312095]; European Research Council through ERC-StG grant [EXAGAL-308037]; HST [HST-AR-12856.01-A, HST-AR-13887.004-A]; NASA through Hubble Fellowship [HST-HF2-51341.001-A]; NASA through Space Telescope Science Institute [12856, 13887]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; US Department of Energy Office of Science; University of Arizona; Brazilian Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Carnegie Mellon University; University of Florida; French Participation Group; German Participation Group; Harvard University; Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group; Johns Hopkins University; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics; Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics; New Mexico State University; New York University; Ohio State University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Portsmouth; Princeton University; Spanish Participation Group; University of Tokyo; University of Utah; Vanderbilt University; University of Virginia; University of Washington; Yale University FX For discussions that contributed to this paper, we thank Chris Hayward, Ann Zabludoff, Joel Primack, Michael Peth, S. Alireza Mortazavi, Rachel Somerville, Roger Davies, David Spergel, Susan Kassin, and Harry Ferguson. We thank the anonymous referee for a constructive and productive review. We thank Patrik Jonsson for writing, updating, and supporting the SUNRISE code, which we used extensively in this work. LH acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX12AC67G and NSF grant AST-1312095. VS acknowledges support by the European Research Council through ERC-StG grant EXAGAL-308037. GFS and JML appreciate support from HST grant numbers HST-AR-12856.01-A and HST-AR-13887.004-A. SG acknowledges support provided by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51341.001-A. Support for the Hubble Fellowship and HST programmes no. 12856 (PI J. Lotz) and no. 13887 (PI G. Snyder) was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. The computations in this paper were run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Division of Science, Research Computing Group at Harvard University. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System, the Flexible Image Transport System (FITS; Wells, Greisen & Harten 1981; Hanisch et al. 2001) standard, the PYFITS PYTHON module, the SCIPY library (Jones et al. 2001), and ASTROPY (Robitaille et al. 2013). Figures in this paper were constructed with the MATPLOTLIB PYTHON module (Hunter 2007).; We used SDSS data as backgrounds for one form of synthetic images. Funding for SDSS-III has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the US Department of Energy Office of Science. The SDSS-III web site is www.sdss3.org/. SDSS-III is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS-III Collaboration including the University of Arizona, the Brazilian Participation Group, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Carnegie Mellon University, University of Florida, the French Participation Group, the German Participation Group, Harvard University, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, the Michigan State/Notre Dame/JINA Participation Group, Johns Hopkins University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, New Mexico State University, New York University, Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, University of Portsmouth, Princeton University, the Spanish Participation Group, University of Tokyo, University of Utah, Vanderbilt University, University of Virginia, University of Washington, and Yale University. NR 134 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 454 IS 2 BP 1886 EP 1908 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2078 PG 23 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7PZ UT WOS:000367997700056 ER PT J AU Cieza, L Williams, J Kourkchi, E Andrews, S Casassus, S Graves, S Schreiber, MR AF Cieza, L. Williams, J. Kourkchi, E. Andrews, S. Casassus, S. Graves, S. Schreiber, M. R. TI A SCUBA-2 850-mu m survey of protoplanetary discs in the IC 348 cluster SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE protoplanetary discs; open clusters and associations: individual: IC 348; submillimetre: planetary systems ID MAIN-SEQUENCE STARS; LOW-MASS STARS; T-TAURI STARS; SPITZER OBSERVATIONS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; TRANSITIONAL DISKS; MULTIPLE PLANETS; ORIONIS CLUSTER; MOLECULAR CLOUD; COKU TAURI/4 AB We present 850-mu m observations of the 2-3 Myr cluster IC 348 in the Perseus molecular cloud using the SCUBA-2 camera on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. Our SCUBA-2 map has a diameter of 30 arcmin and contains similar to 370 cluster members, including similar to 200 objects with IR excesses. We detect a total of 13 discs. Assuming standard dust properties and a gas-to-dust-mass ratio of 100, we derive disc masses ranging from 1.5 to 16 M-JUP. We also detect six Class 0/I protostars. We find that the most massive discs (M-D > 3 M-JUP; 850-mu m flux > 10 mJy) in IC 348 tend to be transition objects according to the characteristic 'dip' in their infrared spectral energy distributions (SEDs). This trend is also seen in other regions. We speculate that this could be an initial conditions effect (e.g. more massive discs tend to form giant planets that result in transition disc SEDs) and/or a disc evolution effect (the formation of one or more massive planets results in both a transition disc SED and a reduction of the accretion rate, increasing the lifetime of the outer disc). A stacking analysis of the discs that remain undetected in our SCUBA-2 observations suggests that their median 850-mu m flux should be less than or similar to 1 mJy, corresponding to a disc mass less than or similar to 0.3 M-JUP (gas plus dust) or less than or similar to 1 M-circle plus. of dust. While the available data are not deep enough to allow a meaningful comparison of the disc luminosity functions between IC 348 and other young stellar clusters, our results imply that disc masses exceeding the minimum-mass solar nebula are very rare (less than or similar to 1 per cent) at the age of IC 348, especially around very low-mass stars. C1 [Cieza, L.] Univ Diego Portales, Fac Ingn, Nucleo Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Cieza, L.; Casassus, S.; Schreiber, M. R.] Millenium Nucleus Protoplanetary Discs ALMA Early, Santiago, Chile. [Williams, J.; Kourkchi, E.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Andrews, S.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Casassus, S.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Graves, S.] Joint Astron Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Schreiber, M. R.] Univ Valparaiso, Inst Astron & Astrofis, Valparaiso, Chile. RP Cieza, L (reprint author), Univ Diego Portales, Fac Ingn, Nucleo Astron, Av Ejercito 441, Santiago, Chile. EM lucas.cieza@mail.udp.cl RI Casassus, Simon/I-8609-2016 FU ALMA-CONICYT [31120009]; CONICYT-FONDECYT [1140109]; Millennium Science Initiative (Chilean Ministry of Economy) [RC13007] FX We thanks the anonymous referee whose comments have helped to improve the paper. LAC was supported by ALMA-CONICYT grant number 31120009 and CONICYT-FONDECYT grant number 1140109. LAC, MS, and SC acknowledge support from the Millennium Science Initiative (Chilean Ministry of Economy), through grant 'Nucleus RC13007'. NR 59 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 454 IS 2 BP 1909 EP 1920 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2044 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA7PZ UT WOS:000367997700057 ER PT J AU Suarez-Rubio, M Montealegre, C Renjifo, LM Renner, SC AF Suarez-Rubio, Marcela Montealegre, Carolina Miguel Renjifo, Luis Renner, Swen C. TI Returning home: movement strategies of Sub-Andean birds in a modified landscape SO TROPICAL CONSERVATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Colombia; forest fragmentation; landscape matrix; land-use change; radio-telemetry ID TROPICAL FOREST BIRDS; EXPERIMENTAL TRANSLOCATIONS; SPECIES LOSS; RAIN-FOREST; FRAGMENTS; DISPERSAL AB We documented movement of a long-distant migrant (Swainson's Thrush Catharus ustulatus) and two understory resident species (Chestnut-capped Brush-finch Buarremon brunneinuchus and Streak-capped Treehunter Thripadectes virgaticeps) in a fragmented landscape dominated by a pasture matrix in a Sub-Andean region of central Colombia. Swainson's Thrush had no detectable difficulties traversing a pasture matrix and returning to the capture site. Chestnut-capped Brush-finch and Streak-capped Treehunter (understory resident species) avoided making lengthy flights and used stepping-stones and nearby corridors to ease their movement. Providing stepping stones such as live fences and isolated trees and maintaining corridors can enhance functional connectivity in regions with fragmented forests, aiding the conservation of bird species. C1 [Suarez-Rubio, Marcela; Renner, Swen C.] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Inst Zool, Vienna, Austria. [Montealegre, Carolina; Miguel Renjifo, Luis] Pontificia Univ Javeriana, Dept Ecol & Territorio, Bogota, Colombia. [Renner, Swen C.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Front Royal, VI USA. RP Suarez-Rubio, M (reprint author), Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Inst Zool, Vienna, Austria. EM marcela.suarezrubio@boku.ac.at OI Renjifo, Luis Miguel/0000-0003-1907-2760; Suarez-Rubio, Marcela/0000-0002-0596-2626; Renner, Swen/0000-0002-6893-4219 FU Institute of Zoology at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana FX We thank Corporacion Autonoma del Quindio (CRQ) for granting research permit, the Municipality of Filandia and the UMATA, especially A. Rave Taborda for logistical support. Equipment was provided by the Institute of Zoology at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, and funding for field work was provided by The Institute of Zoology at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences and Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. We are grateful to J. Suarez for his assistance in the field and anonymous reviewers for improving previous versions of the manuscript. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 12 PU TROPICAL CONSERVATION SCIENCE PI MENLO PARK PA PO BOX 0291, MENLO PARK, CA 94026-0291 USA SN 1940-0829 J9 TROP CONSERV SCI JI Trop. Conserv. Sci. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 8 IS 4 BP 992 EP 998 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA DB4GV UT WOS:000368472400009 ER PT J AU Tinetti, G Drossart, P Eccleston, P Hartogh, P Isaak, K Linder, M Lovis, C Micela, G Ollivier, M Puig, L Ribas, I Snellen, I Swinyard, B Allard, F Barstow, J Cho, J Coustenis, A Cockell, C Correia, A Decin, L de Kok, R Deroo, P Encrenaz, T Forget, F Glasse, A Griffith, C Guillot, T Koskinen, T Lammer, H Leconte, J Maxted, P Mueller-Wodarg, I Nelson, R North, C Palle, E Pagano, I Piccioni, G Pinfield, D Selsis, F Sozzetti, A Stixrude, L Tennyson, J Turrini, D Zapatero-Osorio, M Beaulieu, JP Grodent, D Guedel, M Luz, D Norgaard-Nielsen, HU Ray, T Rickman, H Selig, A Swain, M Banaszkiewicz, M Barlow, M Bowles, N Branduardi-Raymont, G du Foresto, VC Gerard, JC Gizon, L Hornstrup, A Jarchow, C Kerschbaum, F Kovacs, G Lagage, PO Lim, T Lopez-Morales, M Malaguti, G Pace, E Pascale, E Vandenbussche, B Wright, G Zapata, GR Adriani, A Azzollini, R Balado, A Bryson, I Burston, R Colome, J Crook, M Di Giorgio, A Griffin, M Hoogeveen, R Ottensamer, R Irshad, R Middleton, K Morgante, G Pinsard, F Rataj, M Reess, JM Savini, G Schrader, JR Stamper, R Winter, B Abe, L Abreu, M Achilleos, N Ade, P Adybekian, V Affer, L Agnor, C Agundez, M Alard, C Alcala, J Prieto, CA Floriano, FJA Altieri, F Iglesias, CAA Amado, P Andersen, A Aylward, A Baffa, C Bakos, G Ballerini, P Banaszkiewicz, M Barber, RJ Barrado, D Barton, EJ Batista, V Bellucci, G Aviles, JAB Berry, D Bezard, B Biondi, D Blecka, M Boisse, I Bonfond, B Borde, P Borner, P Bouy, H Brown, L Buchhave, L Budaj, J Bulgarelli, A Burleigh, M Cabral, A Capria, MT Cassan, A Cavarroc, C Cecchi-Pestellini, C Cerulli, R Chadney, J Chamberlain, S Charnoz, S Jessen, NC Ciaravella, A Claret, A Claudi, R Coates, A Cole, R Collura, A Cordier, D Covino, E Danielski, C Damasso, M Deeg, HJ Delgado-Mena, E Del Vecchio, C Demangeon, O De Sio, A De Wit, J Dobrijevic, M Doel, P Dominic, C Dorfi, E Eales, S Eiroa, C Contreras, ME Esposito, M Eymet, V Fabrizio, N Fernandez, M Castella, BF Figueira, P Filacchione, G Fletcher, L Focardi, M Fossey, S Fouque, P Frith, J Galand, M Gambicorti, L Gaulme, P Lopez, RJG Garcia-Piquer, A Gear, W Gerard, JC Gesa, L Giani, E Gianotti, F Gillon, M Giro, E Giuranna, M Gomez, H Gomez-Leal, I Hernandez, JG Merino, BG Graczyk, R Grassi, D Guardia, J Guio, P Gustin, J Hargrave, P Haigh, J Hebrard, E Heiter, U Heredero, RL Herrero, E Hersant, F Heyrovsky, D Hollis, M Hubert, B Hueso, R Israelian, G Iro, N Irwin, P Jacquemoud, S Jones, G Jones, H Justtanont, K Kehoe, T Kerschbaum, F Kerins, E Kervella, P Kipping, D Koskinen, T Krupp, N Lahav, O Laken, B Lanza, N Lellouch, E Leto, G Goldaracena, JL Lithgow-Bertelloni, C Liu, SJ Lo Cicero, U Lodieu, N Lognonne, P Lopez-Puertas, M Lopez-Valverde, MA Rasmussen, IL Luntzer, A Machado, P MacTavish, C Maggio, A Maillard, JP Magnes, W Maldonado, J Mall, U Marquette, JB Mauskopf, P Massi, F Maurin, AS Medvedev, A Michaut, C Miles-Paez, P Montalto, M Rodriguez, PM Monteiro, M Montes, D Morais, H Morales, JC Morales-Calderon, M Morello, G Martin, AM Moses, J Bedon, AM Alcaino, FM Oliva, E Orton, G Palla, F Pancrazzi, M Pantin, E Parmentier, V Parviainen, H Ramirez, KYP Peralta, J Perez-Hoyos, S Petrov, R Pezzuto, S Pietrzak, R Pilat-Lohinger, E Piskunov, N Prinja, R Prisinzano, L Polichtchouk, I Poretti, E Radioti, A Ramos, AA Rank-Luftinger, T Read, P Readorn, K Lopez, RR Rebordao, J Rengel, M Rezac, L Rocchetto, M Rodler, F Bejar, VJS Lavega, AS Sanroma, E Santos, N Forcada, JS Scandariato, G Schmider, FX Scholz, A Scuderi, S Sethenadh, J Shore, S Showman, A Sicardy, B Sitek, P Smith, A Soret, L Sousa, S Stiepen, A Stolarski, M Strazzulla, G Tabernero, HM Tanga, P Tecsa, M Temple, J Terenzi, L Tessenyi, M Testi, L Thompson, S Thrastarson, H Tingley, BW Trifoglio, M Torres, JM Tozzi, A Turrini, D Varley, R Vakili, F de Val-Borro, M Valdivieso, ML Venot, O Villaver, E Vinatier, S Viti, S Waldmann, I Waltham, D Ward-Thompson, D Waters, R Watkins, C Watson, D Wawer, P Wawrzaszk, A White, G Widemann, T Winek, W Wisniowski, T Yelle, R Yung, Y Yurchenko, SN AF Tinetti, Giovanna Drossart, Pierre Eccleston, Paul Hartogh, Paul Isaak, Kate Linder, Martin Lovis, Christophe Micela, Giusi Ollivier, Marc Puig, Ludovic Ribas, Ignasi Snellen, Ignas Swinyard, Bruce Allard, France Barstow, Joanna Cho, James Coustenis, Athena Cockell, Charles Correia, Alexandre Decin, Leen de Kok, Remco Deroo, Pieter Encrenaz, Therese Forget, Francois Glasse, Alistair Griffith, Caitlin Guillot, Tristan Koskinen, Tommi Lammer, Helmut Leconte, Jeremy Maxted, Pierre Mueller-Wodarg, Ingo Nelson, Richard North, Chris Palle, Enric Pagano, Isabella Piccioni, Guseppe Pinfield, David Selsis, Franck Sozzetti, Alessandro Stixrude, Lars Tennyson, Jonathan Turrini, Diego Zapatero-Osorio, Mariarosa Beaulieu, Jean-Philippe Grodent, Denis Guedel, Manuel Luz, David Norgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik Ray, Tom Rickman, Hans Selig, Avri Swain, Mark Banaszkiewicz, Marek Barlow, Mike Bowles, Neil Branduardi-Raymont, Graziella du Foresto, Vincent Coude Gerard, Jean-Claude Gizon, Laurent Hornstrup, Allan Jarchow, Christopher Kerschbaum, Franz Kovacs, Geza Lagage, Pierre-Olivier Lim, Tanya Lopez-Morales, Mercedes Malaguti, Giuseppe Pace, Emanuele Pascale, Enzo Vandenbussche, Bart Wright, Gillian Ramos Zapata, Gonzalo Adriani, Alberto Azzollini, Ruyman Balado, Ana Bryson, Ian Burston, Raymond Colome, Josep Crook, Martin Di Giorgio, Anna Griffin, Matt Hoogeveen, Ruud Ottensamer, Roland Irshad, Ranah Middleton, Kevin Morgante, Gianluca Pinsard, Frederic Rataj, Mirek Reess, Jean-Michel Savini, Giorgio Schrader, Jan-Rutger Stamper, Richard Winter, Berend Abe, L. Abreu, M. Achilleos, N. Ade, P. Adybekian, V. Affer, L. Agnor, C. Agundez, M. Alard, C. Alcala, J. Allende Prieto, C. Alonso Floriano, F. J. Altieri, F. Alvarez Iglesias, C. A. Amado, P. Andersen, A. Aylward, A. Baffa, C. Bakos, G. Ballerini, P. Banaszkiewicz, M. Barber, R. J. Barrado, D. Barton, E. J. Batista, V. Bellucci, G. Belmonte Aviles, J. A. Berry, D. Bezard, B. Biondi, D. Blecka, M. Boisse, I. Bonfond, B. Borde, P. Boerner, P. Bouy, H. Brown, L. Buchhave, L. Budaj, J. Bulgarelli, A. Burleigh, M. Cabral, A. Capria, M. T. Cassan, A. Cavarroc, C. Cecchi-Pestellini, C. Cerulli, R. Chadney, J. Chamberlain, S. Charnoz, S. Jessen, N. Christian Ciaravella, A. Claret, A. Claudi, R. Coates, A. Cole, R. Collura, A. Cordier, D. Covino, E. Danielski, C. Damasso, M. Deeg, H. J. Delgado-Mena, E. Del Vecchio, C. Demangeon, O. De Sio, A. De Wit, J. Dobrijevic, M. Doel, P. Dominic, C. Dorfi, E. Eales, S. Eiroa, C. Espinoza Contreras, M. Esposito, M. Eymet, V. Fabrizio, N. Fernandez, M. Femena Castella, B. Figueira, P. Filacchione, G. Fletcher, L. Focardi, M. Fossey, S. Fouque, P. Frith, J. Galand, M. Gambicorti, L. Gaulme, P. Garcia Lopez, R. J. Garcia-Piquer, A. Gear, W. Gerard, J. -C. Gesa, L. Giani, E. Gianotti, F. Gillon, M. Giro, E. Giuranna, M. Gomez, H. Gomez-Leal, I. Gonzalez Hernandez, J. Gonzalez Merino, B. Graczyk, R. Grassi, D. Guardia, J. Guio, P. Gustin, J. Hargrave, P. Haigh, J. Hebrard, E. Heiter, U. Heredero, R. L. Herrero, E. Hersant, F. Heyrovsky, D. Hollis, M. Hubert, B. Hueso, R. Israelian, G. Iro, N. Irwin, P. Jacquemoud, S. Jones, G. Jones, H. Justtanont, K. Kehoe, T. Kerschbaum, F. Kerins, E. Kervella, P. Kipping, D. Koskinen, T. Krupp, N. Lahav, O. Laken, B. Lanza, N. Lellouch, E. Leto, G. Licandro Goldaracena, J. Lithgow-Bertelloni, C. Liu, S. J. Lo Cicero, U. Lodieu, N. Lognonne, P. Lopez-Puertas, M. Lopez-Valverde, M. A. Rasmussen, I. Lundgaard Luntzer, A. Machado, P. MacTavish, C. Maggio, A. Maillard, J. -P. Magnes, W. Maldonado, J. Mall, U. Marquette, J. -B. Mauskopf, P. Massi, F. Maurin, A. -S. Medvedev, A. Michaut, C. Miles-Paez, P. Montalto, M. Montanes Rodriguez, P. Monteiro, M. Montes, D. Morais, H. Morales, J. C. Morales-Calderon, M. Morello, G. Moro Martin, A. Moses, J. Moya Bedon, A. Murgas Alcaino, F. Oliva, E. Orton, G. Palla, F. Pancrazzi, M. Pantin, E. Parmentier, V. Parviainen, H. Pena Ramirez, K. Y. Peralta, J. Perez-Hoyos, S. Petrov, R. Pezzuto, S. Pietrzak, R. Pilat-Lohinger, E. Piskunov, N. Prinja, R. Prisinzano, L. Polichtchouk, I. Poretti, E. Radioti, A. Ramos, A. A. Rank-Lueftinger, T. Read, P. Readorn, K. Rebolo Lopez, R. Rebordao, J. Rengel, M. Rezac, L. Rocchetto, M. Rodler, F. Sanchez Bejar, V. J. Lavega, A. Sanchez Sanroma, E. Santos, N. Sanz Forcada, J. Scandariato, G. Schmider, F. -X. Scholz, A. Scuderi, S. Sethenadh, J. Shore, S. Showman, A. Sicardy, B. Sitek, P. Smith, A. Soret, L. Sousa, S. Stiepen, A. Stolarski, M. Strazzulla, G. Tabernero, H. M. Tanga, P. Tecsa, M. Temple, J. Terenzi, L. Tessenyi, M. Testi, L. Thompson, S. Thrastarson, H. Tingley, B. W. Trifoglio, M. Martin Torres, J. Tozzi, A. Turrini, D. Varley, R. Vakili, F. de Val-Borro, M. Valdivieso, M. L. Venot, O. Villaver, E. Vinatier, S. Viti, S. Waldmann, I. Waltham, D. Ward-Thompson, D. Waters, R. Watkins, C. Watson, D. Wawer, P. Wawrzaszk, A. White, G. Widemann, T. Winek, W. Wisniowski, T. Yelle, R. Yung, Y. Yurchenko, S. N. TI The EChO science case SO EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY LA English DT Article DE Exoplanets; Spectroscopy; Atmospheric science; IR astronomy; Space missions ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; EXOPLANET HD 189733B; EXTRASOLAR PLANET ATMOSPHERE; INFRARED-EMISSION-SPECTRUM; HOT-JUPITER ATMOSPHERES; GIANT PLANETS; MU-M; TRANSMISSION SPECTROSCOPY; ENERGY-BALANCE; WATER-VAPOR AB The discovery of almost two thousand exoplanets has revealed an unexpectedly diverse planet population. We see gas giants in few-day orbits, whole multi-planet systems within the orbit of Mercury, and new populations of planets with masses between that of the Earth and Neptune-all unknown in the Solar System. Observations to date have shown that our Solar System is certainly not representative of the general population of planets in our Milky Way. The key science questions that urgently need addressing are therefore: What are exoplanets made of? Why are planets as they are? How do planetary systems work and what causes the exceptional diversity observed as compared to the Solar System? The EChO (Exoplanet Characterisation Observatory) space mission was conceived to take up the challenge to explain this diversity in terms of formation, evolution, internal structure and planet and atmospheric composition. This requires in-depth spectroscopic knowledge of the atmospheres of a large and well-defined planet sample for which precise physical, chemical and dynamical information can be obtained. In order to fulfil this ambitious scientific program, EChO was designed as a dedicated survey mission for transit and eclipse spectroscopy capable of observing a large, diverse and well-defined planet sample within its 4-year mission lifetime. The transit and eclipse spectroscopy method, whereby the signal from the star and planet are differentiated using knowledge of the planetary ephemerides, allows us to measure atmospheric signals from the planet at levels of at least 10(-4) relative to the star. This can only be achieved in conjunction with a carefully designed stable payload and satellite platform. It is also necessary to provide broad instantaneous wavelength coverage to detect as many molecular species as possible, to probe the thermal structure of the planetary atmospheres and to correct for the contaminating effects of the stellar photosphere. This requires wavelength coverage of at least 0.55 to 11 mu m with a goal of covering from 0.4 to 16 mu m. Only modest spectral resolving power is needed, with R similar to 300 for wavelengths less than 5 mu m and R similar to 30 for wavelengths greater than this. The transit spectroscopy technique means that no spatial resolution is required. A telescope collecting area of about 1 m(2) is sufficiently large to achieve the necessary spectro-photometric precision: for the Phase A study a 1.13 m(2) telescope, diffraction limited at 3 mu m has been adopted. Placing the satellite at L2 provides a cold and stable thermal environment as well as a large field of regard to allow efficient time-critical observation of targets randomly distributed over the sky. EChO has been conceived to achieve a single goal: exoplanet spectroscopy. The spectral coverage and signal-to-noise to be achieved by EChO, thanks to its high stability and dedicated design, would be a game changer by allowing atmospheric composition to be measured with unparalleled exactness: at least a factor 10 more precise and a factor 10 to 1000 more accurate than current observations. This would enable the detection of molecular abundances three orders of magnitude lower than currently possible and a fourfold increase from the handful of molecules detected to date. Combining these data with estimates of planetary bulk compositions from accurate measurements of their radii and masses would allow degeneracies associated with planetary interior modelling to be broken, giving unique insight into the interior structure and elemental abundances of these alien worlds. EChO would allow scientists to study exoplanets both as a population and as individuals. The mission can target super-Earths, Neptune-like, and Jupiter-like planets, in the very hot to temperate zones (planet temperatures of 300-3000 K) of F to M-type host stars. The EChO core science would be delivered by a three-tier survey. The EChO Chemical Census: This is a broad survey of a few-hundred exoplanets, which allows us to explore the spectroscopic and chemical diversity of the exoplanet population as a whole. The EChO Origin: This is a deep survey of a subsample of tens of exoplanets for which significantly higher signal to noise and spectral resolution spectra can be obtained to explain the origin of the exoplanet diversity (such as formation mechanisms, chemical processes, atmospheric escape). The EChO Rosetta Stones: This is an ultra-high accuracy survey targeting a subsample of select exoplanets. These will be the bright "benchmark" cases for which a large number of measurements would be taken to explore temporal variations, and to obtain two and three dimensional spatial information on the atmospheric conditions through eclipse-mapping techniques. If EChO were launched today, the exoplanets currently observed are sufficient to provide a large and diverse sample. The Chemical Census survey would consist of > 160 exoplanets with a range of planetary sizes, temperatures, orbital parameters and stellar host properties. Additionally, over the next 10 years, several new ground- and space-based transit photometric surveys and missions will come on-line (e.g. NGTS, CHEOPS, TESS, PLATO), which will specifically focus on finding bright, nearby systems. The current rapid rate of discovery would allow the target list to be further optimised in the years prior to EChO's launch and enable the atmospheric characterisation of hundreds of planets. C1 [Tinetti, Giovanna; Swinyard, Bruce; Stixrude, Lars; Tennyson, Jonathan; Barlow, Mike; Savini, Giorgio; Achilleos, N.; Aylward, A.; Barber, R. J.; Barton, E. J.; Doel, P.; Fossey, S.; Guio, P.; Hollis, M.; Lahav, O.; Lithgow-Bertelloni, C.; Morello, G.; Prinja, R.; Rocchetto, M.; Tessenyi, M.; Varley, R.; Viti, S.; Waldmann, I.; Yurchenko, S. N.] UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Drossart, Pierre; Ollivier, Marc; Coustenis, Athena; Encrenaz, Therese; du Foresto, Vincent Coude; Reess, Jean-Michel; Bezard, B.; Kervella, P.; Lellouch, E.; Morales, J. C.; Sicardy, B.; Vinatier, S.; Widemann, T.] Observ Paris, LESIA, Meudon, France. [Eccleston, Paul; Swinyard, Bruce; Lim, Tanya; Crook, Martin; Irshad, Ranah; Middleton, Kevin; Stamper, Richard] STFC Rutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Hartogh, Paul; Gizon, Laurent; Jarchow, Christopher; Burston, Raymond; Boerner, P.; Krupp, N.; Mall, U.; Medvedev, A.; Rengel, M.; Rezac, L.; Sethenadh, J.; de Val-Borro, M.] Max Planck Inst Sonnensyst Forsch, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany. [Isaak, Kate; Linder, Martin; Puig, Ludovic] European Space Agcy, Estec, NL-2200 AG Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Lovis, Christophe] Observ Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. [Micela, Giusi; Affer, L.; Cecchi-Pestellini, C.; Ciaravella, A.; Collura, A.; Lo Cicero, U.; Maggio, A.; Prisinzano, L.; Scandariato, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Palermo GS Vaiana, Palermo, Italy. [Ollivier, Marc; Borde, P.; Danielski, C.; Demangeon, O.; Gaulme, P.] Inst Astrophys Spatiale, Orsay, France. 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J.; Espinoza Contreras, M.; Esposito, M.; Femena Castella, B.; Garcia Lopez, R. J.; Gonzalez Hernandez, J.; Gonzalez Merino, B.; Israelian, G.; Laken, B.; Licandro Goldaracena, J.; Lodieu, N.; Miles-Paez, P.; Montanes Rodriguez, P.; Murgas Alcaino, F.; Parviainen, H.; Pena Ramirez, K. Y.; Ramos, A. A.; Rebolo Lopez, R.; Sanchez Bejar, V. J.; Sanroma, E.; Tingley, B. W.; Valdivieso, M. L.] Inst Astrofis Canarias, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. [Pagano, Isabella; Ballerini, P.; Lanza, N.; Leto, G.; Scuderi, S.; Strazzulla, G.] INAF OAT, Catania, Italy. [Piccioni, Guseppe; Turrini, Diego; Adriani, Alberto; Di Giorgio, Anna; Altieri, F.; Bellucci, G.; Biondi, D.; Capria, M. T.; Cerulli, R.; Fabrizio, N.; Filacchione, G.; Giuranna, M.; Grassi, D.; Liu, S. J.; Pezzuto, S.; Turrini, D.] INAF IAPS, Rome, Italy. [Pinfield, David; Frith, J.; Jones, H.] Univ Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, Herts, England. [Selsis, Franck; Agundez, M.; Dobrijevic, M.; Eymet, V.; Gomez-Leal, I.; Hebrard, E.; Hersant, F.; Maurin, A. -S.] Univ Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France. [Sozzetti, Alessandro; Damasso, M.] INAF, Turin, Italy. [Zapatero-Osorio, Mariarosa; Barrado, D.; Bouy, H.; Morales-Calderon, M.; Moro Martin, A.; Moya Bedon, A.; Sanz Forcada, J.] CAB, Madrid, Spain. [Beaulieu, Jean-Philippe; Alard, C.; Batista, V.; Cassan, A.; Maillard, J. -P.; Marquette, J. -B.] Inst Astrophys, F-75014 Paris, France. [Grodent, Denis; Gerard, Jean-Claude; Bonfond, B.; Gerard, J. -C.; Gillon, M.; Gustin, J.; Hubert, B.; Radioti, A.; Soret, L.; Stiepen, A.] Univ Liege, Liege, Belgium. [Guedel, Manuel; Kerschbaum, Franz; Ottensamer, Roland; Dorfi, E.; Kerschbaum, F.; Luntzer, A.; Pilat-Lohinger, E.; Rank-Lueftinger, T.] Univ Vienna, Vienna, Austria. [Luz, David] Univ Lisbon, P-1699 Lisbon, Portugal. [Norgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik] DSRI, Lyngby, Denmark. [Ray, Tom; Azzollini, Ruyman; Scholz, A.] Dublin Inst Adv Studies, Dublin 4, Ireland. [Rickman, Hans; Banaszkiewicz, Marek; Rataj, Mirek; Banaszkiewicz, M.; Blecka, M.; Graczyk, R.; Pietrzak, R.; Sitek, P.; Stolarski, M.; Wawer, P.; Wawrzaszk, A.; Winek, W.; Wisniowski, T.] Polish Acad Sci, Space Res Ctr, PL-01237 Warsaw, Poland. [Rickman, Hans; Heiter, U.; Piskunov, N.] Uppsala Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Uppsala, Sweden. [Branduardi-Raymont, Graziella; Winter, Berend; Coates, A.; Cole, R.; Jones, G.; Smith, A.] Univ Coll London, Mullard Space Sci Lab, Surrey RH5 6NT, England. [Jessen, N. Christian; Rasmussen, I. Lundgaard] DTU Space, Lyngby, Denmark. [Hornstrup, Allan; Kovacs, Geza] Konkoly Observ Budapest, Budapest, Hungary. [Lagage, Pierre-Olivier; Pinsard, Frederic; Cavarroc, C.; Charnoz, S.; Pantin, E.] CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Malaguti, Giuseppe; Morgante, Gianluca; Bulgarelli, A.; Gianotti, F.; Terenzi, L.; Trifoglio, M.] INAF IASF Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Pace, Emanuele; De Sio, A.; Focardi, M.; Pancrazzi, M.] Univ Florence, Florence, Italy. [Ramos Zapata, Gonzalo; Balado, Ana; Barrado, D.; Bouy, H.; Morales-Calderon, M.; Moro Martin, A.; Moya Bedon, A.; Sanz Forcada, J.] INTA, Aguilas, Spain. [Heyrovsky, D.] Charles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. [Andersen, A.; Buchhave, L.; Watson, D.] DARK Cosmol Ctr, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Cordier, D.] Observ Besancon, Besancon, France. [Jacquemoud, S.; Lognonne, P.; Michaut, C.] IPGP, Paris, France. [Fouque, P.] LATT, Toulouse, France. [Iro, N.] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Baffa, C.; Del Vecchio, C.; Gambicorti, L.; Giani, E.; Massi, F.; Oliva, E.; Palla, F.; Readorn, K.; Tozzi, A.] INAF Arcetri, Florence, Italy. [Poretti, E.] INAF Brera, Milan, Italy. [Alcala, J.; Covino, E.] INAF Capodimonte, Naples, Italy. [Claudi, R.; Giro, E.] INAF Padova, Padua, Italy. [Shore, S.] Univ Pisa, Pisa, Italy. [Dominic, C.] Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Adybekian, V.; Boisse, I.; Delgado-Mena, E.; Figueira, P.; Montalto, M.; Monteiro, M.; Santos, N.; Sousa, S.] CAUP, Oporto, Portugal. [Abreu, M.; Berry, D.; Cabral, A.; Chamberlain, S.; Heredero, R. L.; Machado, P.; Peralta, J.; Rebordao, J.] CAAUL, Lisbon, Portugal. [Testi, L.] ESO, Garching, Germany. [Budaj, J.] Slovak Acad Sci, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Amado, P.; Claret, A.; Fernandez, M.; Lopez-Puertas, M.; Lopez-Valverde, M. A.] IAA, Madrid, Spain. [Eiroa, C.; Maldonado, J.; Villaver, E.] UAM, Madrid, Spain. [Alonso Floriano, F. J.; Montes, D.; Tabernero, H. M.] UCM, Madrid, Spain. [Hueso, R.; Perez-Hoyos, S.] Univ Politecn Valencia, Valencia, Spain. [Justtanont, K.] Onsala Space Observ, S-43900 Onsala, Sweden. [MacTavish, C.; Thompson, S.] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge, England. [White, G.] Open Univ, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Waltham, D.] Royal Holloway Univ London, Surrey, England. [Burleigh, M.] Univ Leicester, Leicester, Leics, England. [Kerins, E.] Univ Manchester, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Ward-Thompson, D.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster, England. [Thrastarson, H.; Yung, Y.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [De Wit, J.; Kipping, D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bakos, G.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Moses, J.] Space Sci Inst, Seabrook, TX USA. [Martin Torres, J.] Inst Andaluz Ciencias Tierra CSIC UGR, Granada, Spain. [Martin Torres, J.] Lulea Univ Technol, Kiruna, Sweden. RP Tinetti, G (reprint author), UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Mortimer St, London WC1E 6BT, England. EM g.tinetti@ucl.ac.uk RI Sanz-Forcada, Jorge/C-3176-2017; Morales-Calderon, Maria/C-8384-2017; Coates, Andrew/C-2396-2008; Andersen, Anja Cetti/P-4822-2014; Moses, Julianne/I-2151-2013; HEBRARD, Eric/E-9257-2014; Montes, David/B-9329-2014; Guedel, Manuel/C-8486-2015; Stixrude, Lars/C-5625-2012; Michaut, Chloe/F-8561-2010; Rebordao, Jose Manuel/M-3269-2013; Bouy, Herve/H-2913-2012; Jacquemoud, Stephane/F-8842-2010; Focardi, Mauro/B-7880-2013; Figueira, Pedro/J-4916-2013; Barrado Navascues, David/C-1439-2017; Correia, Alexandre/J-4315-2013; Amado, Pedro Jose/G-3450-2011; Lognonne, Philippe/F-8846-2010; Morales, Juan Carlos/H-5548-2015; Sanroma, Esther/L-9273-2015; Guio, Patrick/A-6271-2008; Tennyson, Jonathan/I-2222-2012; Barlow, Michael/A-5638-2009; Delgado Mena, Elisa/M-9178-2013; Perez-Hoyos, Santiago/L-7543-2014; Agundez, Marcelino/I-5369-2012; Yurchenko, Sergey/G-9929-2012 OI Jones, Geraint/0000-0002-5859-1136; Savini, Giorgio/0000-0003-4449-9416; GERARD, Jean-Claude/0000-0002-8565-8746; /0000-0003-1689-9201; TERENZI, LUCA/0000-0001-9915-6379; Watson, Darach/0000-0002-4465-8264; Peralta, Javier/0000-0002-6823-1695; Tinetti, Giovanna/0000-0001-6058-6654; Turrini, Diego/0000-0002-1923-7740; Irwin, Patrick/0000-0002-6772-384X; Lopez-Valverde, M. A./0000-0002-7989-4267; Tanga, Paolo/0000-0002-2718-997X; Lopez-Puertas, Manuel/0000-0003-2941-7734; Hueso, Ricardo/0000-0003-0169-123X; Sanz-Forcada, Jorge/0000-0002-1600-7835; Morales-Calderon, Maria/0000-0001-9526-9499; Coates, Andrew/0000-0002-6185-3125; Andersen, Anja Cetti/0000-0001-8169-7273; Scholz, Aleks/0000-0001-8993-5053; Chadney, Joshua/0000-0002-5174-2114; Pezzuto, Stefano/0000-0001-7852-1971; Sozzetti, Alessandro/0000-0002-7504-365X; Medvedev, Alexander/0000-0003-2713-8977; Moses, Julianne/0000-0002-8837-0035; HEBRARD, Eric/0000-0003-0770-7271; Montes, David/0000-0002-7779-238X; Guedel, Manuel/0000-0001-9818-0588; Stixrude, Lars/0000-0003-3778-2432; Michaut, Chloe/0000-0002-2578-0117; Rebordao, Jose Manuel/0000-0002-7418-0345; Bouy, Herve/0000-0002-7084-487X; Focardi, Mauro/0000-0002-3806-4283; Figueira, Pedro/0000-0001-8504-283X; Barrado Navascues, David/0000-0002-5971-9242; Correia, Alexandre/0000-0002-8946-8579; Amado, Pedro Jose/0000-0002-8388-6040; Morales, Juan Carlos/0000-0003-0061-518X; Sanroma, Esther/0000-0001-8859-7937; Guio, Patrick/0000-0002-1607-5862; Tennyson, Jonathan/0000-0002-4994-5238; Barlow, Michael/0000-0002-3875-1171; Delgado Mena, Elisa/0000-0003-4434-2195; Perez-Hoyos, Santiago/0000-0002-2587-4682; Agundez, Marcelino/0000-0003-3248-3564; Yurchenko, Sergey/0000-0001-9286-9501 FU National Space Agencies FX We would like to thank all the National Space Agencies who supported the EChO phase-A study. We also thank Nick Cowan for useful comments. NR 192 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 43 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0922-6435 EI 1572-9508 J9 EXP ASTRON JI Exp. Astron. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 40 IS 2-3 BP 329 EP 391 DI 10.1007/s10686-015-9484-8 PG 63 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA2MC UT WOS:000367627900002 ER PT J AU Micela, G Bakos, GA Lopez-Morales, M Maxted, PFL Pagano, I Sozzetti, A Wheatley, PJ AF Micela, Giuseppina Bakos, Gaspar A. Lopez-Morales, Mercedes Maxted, Pierre F. L. Pagano, Isabella Sozzetti, Alessandro Wheatley, Peter J. TI The contribution of the major planet search surveys to EChO target selection SO EXPERIMENTAL ASTRONOMY LA English DT Article DE Planetary systems; Surveys; EChO ID HOT-JUPITER PLANET; M-DWARFS; HABITABLE PLANETS; HATSOUTH SURVEY; K STAR; EXOPLANET; PROJECT; FIELD; PHOTOMETRY; TRANSITS AB The EChO core science will be based on a three tier survey, each with increasing sensitivity, in order to study the population of exo-planets from super-Earths to Jupiter-like planets, in the very hot to temperate zones (temperatures of 300 K - 3000 K) of F to M-type host stars. To achieve a meaningful outcome, an accurate selection of the target sample is needed. In this paper we analyse the targets, suitable for EChO observations, expected to result from a sample of present and forthcoming detection surveys. Present day discovered exoplanets are sufficient to provide a large and diverse sample. However we expect that results from ongoing and planned surveys, aimed at identifying new planets, will increase the sample of smaller planets allowing us to optimize the EChO sample selection. The analysis of the expected yields of a representative set of those surveys both from ground and space shows that they will be able to provide a large number of targets, covering an ample range of planetary and stellar parameters, fitting the EChO capabilities. C1 [Micela, Giuseppina] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Palermo, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Bakos, Gaspar A.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Lopez-Morales, Mercedes] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Maxted, Pierre F. L.] Keele Univ, Astrophys Grp, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. [Pagano, Isabella] INAF, Osservatorio Astrofis Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy. [Sozzetti, Alessandro] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. [Wheatley, Peter J.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. RP Micela, G (reprint author), INAF, Osservatorio Astron Palermo, Piazza del Parlamento 1, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. EM giusi@astropa.inaf.it OI Micela, Giuseppina/0000-0002-9900-4751; Sozzetti, Alessandro/0000-0002-7504-365X; Wheatley, Peter/0000-0003-1452-2240 FU ASI/INAF [I/022/12/0] FX We acknowledge partial support by the ASI/INAF contract I/022/12/0 NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0922-6435 EI 1572-9508 J9 EXP ASTRON JI Exp. Astron. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 40 IS 2-3 BP 577 EP 593 DI 10.1007/s10686-014-9412-3 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DA2MC UT WOS:000367627900012 ER PT J AU Anderson-Teixeira, KJ McGarvey, JC Muller-Landau, HC Park, JY Gonzalez-Akre, EB Herrmann, V Bennett, AC So, CV Bourg, NA Thompson, JR McMahon, SM McShea, WJ AF Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J. McGarvey, Jennifer C. Muller-Landau, Helene C. Park, Janice Y. Gonzalez-Akre, Erika B. Herrmann, Valentine Bennett, Amy C. So, Christopher V. Bourg, Norman A. Thompson, Jonathan R. McMahon, Sean M. McShea, William J. TI Size-related scaling of tree form and function in a mixed-age forest SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE allometry; Center for Tropical Forest Science-Forest Global Earth Observatory; ecosystem; global; large forest dynamics plot; metabolic ecology; scaling theory; temperate deciduous forest ID GENERAL QUANTITATIVE THEORY; TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST; TROPICAL FOREST; METABOLIC THEORY; CANOPY TREES; SAPWOOD AREA; TRADE-OFFS; GROWTH; DYNAMICS; HEIGHT AB 1. Many morphological, physiological and ecological traits of trees scale with diameter, shaping the structure and function of forest ecosystems. Understanding the mechanistic basis for such scaling relationships is key to understanding forests globally and their role in Earth's changing climate system. 2. Here, we evaluate theoretical predictions for the scaling of nine variables in a mixed-age temperate deciduous forest (CTFS-ForestGEO forest dynamics plot at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Virginia, USA) and compare observed scaling parameters to those from other forests world-wide. We examine fifteen species and various environmental conditions. 3. Structural, physiological and ecological traits of trees scaled with stem diameter in a manner that was sometimes consistent with existing theoretical predictions - more commonly with those predicting a range of scaling values than a single universal scaling value. 4. Scaling relationships were variable among species, reflecting substantive ecological differences. 5. Scaling relationships varied considerably with environmental conditions. For instance, the scaling of sap flux density varied with atmospheric moisture demand, and herbivore browsing dramatically influenced stem abundance scaling. 6. Thus, stand-level, time-averaged scaling relationships (e.g., the scaling of diameter growth) are underlain by a diversity of species-level scaling relationships that can vary substantially with fluctuating environmental conditions. In order to use scaling theory to accurately characterize forest ecosystems and predict their responses to global change, it will be critical to develop a more nuanced understanding of both the forces that constrain stand-level scaling and the complexity of scaling variation across species and environmental conditions. C1 [Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J.; Muller-Landau, Helene C.; McMahon, Sean M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci Forest Global Earth Observ, Panama City, Panama. [Anderson-Teixeira, Kristina J.; McGarvey, Jennifer C.; Park, Janice Y.; Gonzalez-Akre, Erika B.; Herrmann, Valentine; Bennett, Amy C.; So, Christopher V.; Bourg, Norman A.; McShea, William J.] Natl Zool Pk, Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Conservat Ecol Ctr, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Thompson, Jonathan R.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA 01377 USA. [McMahon, Sean M.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Forest Ecol Grp, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Anderson-Teixeira, KJ (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Ctr Trop Forest Sci Forest Global Earth Observ, Panama City, Panama. EM teixeirak@si.edu OI Bourg, Norman/0000-0002-7443-1992 FU Smithsonian CGPS grant FX We thank all interns and volunteers who have helped with fieldwork at SCBI; Evan DeLucia, Mike Masters, Alex Bohleber, Tara Hudiburg and Matteo Detto for help with sap flow system construction; and Elizabeth Dougan and Suzanne Sine for help with purchasing; and Adam Miller, David Coomes, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful feedback. This research was funded by a Smithsonian CGPS grant to KJAT, SMM and G. G. Parker. NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-8463 EI 1365-2435 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 29 IS 12 BP 1587 EP 1602 DI 10.1111/1365-2435.12470 PG 16 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA5PT UT WOS:000367855700010 ER PT J AU Blake, DB Donovan, SK Mah, CL Dixon, HL AF Blake, Daniel B. Donovan, Stephen K. Mah, Christopher L. Dixon, Harold L. TI Asteroid (Echinodermata) skeletal elements from upper Oligocene deposits of Jamaica and Antigua SO GEOLOGICAL MAGAZINE LA English DT Article DE systematics; Pycinaster; Nymphaster; Goniasteridae; Antilles ID WEST-INDIES; PHYLOGENY AB The Antillean Cenozoic fossil record of asteroids comprises mainly dissociated ossicles. Most common among isolates from upper Oligocene deposits of Jamaica and Antigua are marginal ossicles of an extinct, indeterminate species of Pycinaster. This is the youngest known occurrence of the genus and the first from beyond Europe. A number of relatively complete fossils have been assigned to Pycinaster and (sub) familial status proposed for it together with Phocidaster. The latter proposition is based solely on a few marginals, but available diagnoses are judged insufficient to justify such recognition. The taxon Pycinasteridae is here synonymized with the Goniasteridae, although future study of added features (such as the ventral surface) might justify recognition at a higher taxonomic level. In addition to ossicles assigned to Pycinaster, many marginals are tentatively assigned to the surviving goniasterid Nymphaster. Numerous generic and many species names have been based on asteroid isolates, but the practice demands assumptions that are not readily justified. Linkage of discrete isolates under a single taxon name assumes derivation from a single source, an inference that can be verified only rarely (if ever), therefore reducing names to the single holotype ossicle. Availability of only isolates encourages comparison with extant taxa and biogeography, biasing interpretations with a Holocene overlay. Because of these constraints, a new nominal species of Pycinaster is not justified and assignment of ossicles to Nymphaster is tentative. However, given the importance of asteroids in marine communities, we emphasize the significance, largely ignored, of their presence in Cenozoic deposits of the wider Caribbean. C1 [Blake, Daniel B.] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Donovan, Stephen K.] Naturalis Biodivers Ctr, Dept Geol, NL-2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands. [Mah, Christopher L.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Dixon, Harold L.] Univ W Indies, Dept Geog & Geol, Kingston 7, Jamaica. RP Donovan, SK (reprint author), Naturalis Biodivers Ctr, Dept Geol, Darwinweg 2, NL-2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands. EM Steve.Donovan@naturalis.nl RI Donovan, Stephen/O-1285-2015 FU First Shell Distinguished Research Fellowship in Science at the University of the West Indies, Mona; National Geographic Society grant [GEFNE55-12] FX SKD gratefully acknowledges the support for his fieldwork in Antigua provided by the First Shell Distinguished Research Fellowship in Science at the University of the West Indies, Mona (1993) and National Geographic Society grant #GEFNE55-12 (2013, 2014). The detailed reviews of Dr John W.M. Jagt (Natuurhistorisch Museum, Maastricht) and an anonymous referee are gratefully acknowledged. NR 88 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0016-7568 EI 1469-5081 J9 GEOL MAG JI Geol. Mag. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 152 IS 6 BP 1043 EP 1056 DI 10.1017/S0016756815000096 PG 14 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DA3WH UT WOS:000367730400006 ER PT J AU Schrodt, F Kattge, J Shan, HH Fazayeli, F Joswig, J Banerjee, A Reichstein, M Bonisch, G Diaz, S Dickie, J Gillison, A Karpatne, A Lavorel, S Leadley, P Wirth, CB Wright, IJ Wright, SJ Reich, PB AF Schrodt, Franziska Kattge, Jens Shan, Hanhuai Fazayeli, Farideh Joswig, Julia Banerjee, Arindam Reichstein, Markus Boenisch, Gerhard Diaz, Sandra Dickie, John Gillison, Andy Karpatne, Anuj Lavorel, Sandra Leadley, Paul Wirth, Christian B. Wright, Ian J. Wright, S. Joseph Reich, Peter B. TI BHPMF-a hierarchical Bayesian approach to gap-filling and trait prediction for macroecology and functional biogeography SO GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Bayesian hierarchical model; gap-filling; imputation; machine learning; matrix factorization; PFT; plant functional trait; sparse matrix; spatial extrapolation; TRY. ID MISSING DATA; ECONOMICS SPECTRUM; PLANT TRAITS; FOREST; CLIMATE; TREES; EVOLUTIONARY; IMPUTATION; DATABASES; DYNAMICS AB Aim Functional traits of organisms are key to understanding and predicting biodiversity and ecological change, which motivates continuous collection of traits and their integration into global databases. Such trait matrices are inherently sparse, severely limiting their usefulness for further analyses. On the other hand, traits are characterized by the phylogenetic trait signal, trait-trait correlations and environmental constraints, all of which provide information that could be used to statistically fill gaps. We propose the application of probabilistic models which, for the first time, utilize all three characteristics to fill gaps in trait databases and predict trait values at larger spatial scales. Innovation For this purpose we introduce BHPMF, a hierarchical Bayesian extension of probabilistic matrix factorization ( PMF). PMF is a machine learning technique which exploits the correlation structure of sparse matrices to impute missing entries. BHPMF additionally utilizes the taxonomic hierarchy for trait prediction and provides uncertainty estimates for each imputation. In combination with multiple regression against environmental information, BHPMF allows for extrapolation from point measurements to larger spatial scales. We demonstrate the applicability of BHPMF in ecological contexts, using different plant functional trait datasets, also comparing results to taking the species mean and PMF. Main conclusions Sensitivity analyses validate the robustness and accuracy of BHPMF: our method captures the correlation structure of the trait matrix as well as the phylogenetic trait signal-also for extremely sparse trait matrices-and provides a robust measure of confidence in prediction accuracy for each missing entry. The combination of BHPMF with environmental constraints provides a promising concept to extrapolate traits beyond sampled regions, accounting for intraspecific trait variability. We conclude that BHPMF and its derivatives have a high potential to support future trait-based research in macroecology and functional biogeography. C1 [Schrodt, Franziska; Kattge, Jens; Joswig, Julia; Reichstein, Markus; Boenisch, Gerhard] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Schrodt, Franziska; Kattge, Jens] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Schrodt, Franziska; Reich, Peter B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Fazayeli, Farideh; Banerjee, Arindam; Karpatne, Anuj] Univ Minnesota, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, St Paul, MN USA. [Shan, Hanhuai] Microsoft Corp, Redmond, WA 98052 USA. [Lavorel, Sandra] Univ Nacl Cordoba, Inst Multidisciplinario Biol Vegetal IMBIV CONICE, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. [Lavorel, Sandra] Univ Nacl Cordoba, Dept Diversidad Biol & Ecol, FCEFyN, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. [Dickie, John] Royal Bot Gardens Kew, Richmond RH17 6TN, Surrey, England. [Gillison, Andy] Ctr Biodivers Management, Yungaburra, Qld 4884, Australia. [Lavorel, Sandra] Ctr Natl Rech Sci, Grenoble, France. [Leadley, Paul] Univ Paris 11, Lab ESE, UMR CNRS 8079, UOS,AgroParisTech, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Wirth, Christian B.] Univ Leipzig, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany. [Wright, Ian J.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. [Wright, S. Joseph] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa 084303092, Panama. [Reich, Peter B.] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW 27510000000, Australia. RP Schrodt, F (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Hans Knoll Str 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany. EM f.i.schrodt@gmail.com RI iDiv, Deutsches Zentrum/B-5164-2016; Wright, Ian/G-4979-2012; Kattge, Jens/J-8283-2016; Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013; Schrodt, Franziska/D-2260-2017 OI Wright, Ian/0000-0001-8338-9143; Kattge, Jens/0000-0002-1022-8469; Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676; Schrodt, Franziska/0000-0001-9053-8872 FU University of Minnesota, Institute on the Environment; Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry; iDiv, the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research; NSF [IIS-0812183, IIS-0916750, IIS-1029711, IIS-1017647]; NSF CAREER award [IIS-0953274]; TRY initiative on plant traits; DIVERSITAS; iDiv FX F.S. was supported by the University of Minnesota, Institute on the Environment via the grant to P.R.: 'Transformational steps in synthesis science', the Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry and iDiv, the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research. H.S. was supported by NSF grants IIS-0812183, IIS-0916750, IIS-1029711, IIS-1017647, and NSF CAREER award IIS-0953274. This study has been performed with support by the TRY initiative on plant traits (https://www.try-db.org). TRY is hosted and developed at the Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, with support from DIVERSITAS and iDiv. We thank Ulrich Weber for help with the preparation of soil data and Maarten Braakhekke, Nate Swenson and two anonymous referees for helpful comments and suggestions. NR 45 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 7 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1466-822X EI 1466-8238 J9 GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR JI Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 24 IS 12 BP 1510 EP 1521 DI 10.1111/geb.12335 PG 12 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA DA3AJ UT WOS:000367668000014 ER PT J AU Bush, MB McMichael, CH Piperno, DR Silman, MR Barlow, J Peres, CA Power, M Palace, MW AF Bush, Mark B. McMichael, Crystal H. Piperno, Dolores R. Silman, Miles R. Barlow, Jos Peres, Carlos A. Power, Mitchell Palace, Michael W. TI Anthropogenic influence on Amazonian forests in pre-history: An ecological perspective SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Amazonia; archaeology; charcoal; diversity; fire; historical ecology; manufactured landscape; palaeoecology; phytoliths; terra preta ID PRE-COLUMBIAN AMAZONIA; SOUTH-WESTERN AMAZONIA; BOLIVIAN AMAZON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TROPICAL FORESTS; LAND-USE; EARTHWORK CONSTRUCTION; BERTHOLLETIA-EXCELSA; HOLOCENE CLIMATE; HUMAN OCCUPATION AB An important debate has been re-invigorated by new data concerning the size and environmental impacts of human populations in the Amazon Basin during pre-history. Here, we review the history of debates concerning pre-historic human occupation of the Amazon Basin along with the presentation of empirical data from archaeological and palaeoecological research. The combined evidence suggests that human occupation and resulting influence on Amazonian ecosystems were heterogeneous on both regional and local scales. Pre-historic occupation sites are more likely to have been located in forests with a pronounced dry season or in forests that are within 15 km of a river floodplain, rather than in ever-wet forests or in interfluvial regions far removed from large rivers. Forest enrichment of preferred species and game depletion through hunting are most probable within 15 km of an occupation site. Given the spatial and temporal patterning of these data, views of significant Amazonian-wide cultural impacts on riverine and interfluvial forest are not supported at this time. C1 [Bush, Mark B.; McMichael, Crystal H.] Florida Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. [Piperno, Dolores R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Piperno, Dolores R.] Natl Museum Nat Hist Smithsonian Inst, Dept Anthropol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Silman, Miles R.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, Winston Salem, NC 27106 USA. [Barlow, Jos] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England. [Barlow, Jos; Peres, Carlos A.] MCTI Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, BR-66040 17 Belem, Para, Brazil. [Peres, Carlos A.] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Power, Mitchell] Univ Utah, Nat Hist Museum Utah, Dept Geog, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Palace, Michael W.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Earth Oceans & Space, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Palace, Michael W.] Univ New Hampshire, Coll Engn & Phys Sci, Dept Earth Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Bush, MB (reprint author), Florida Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, 150 West Univ Blvd, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA. EM mbush@fit.edu RI Barlow, Jos/E-7861-2014; Peres, Carlos/B-1276-2013; OI Peres, Carlos/0000-0002-1588-8765; Bush, Mark/0000-0001-6894-8613 FU NSF [DEB 0742301, DEB 0743666] FX NSF grants DEB 0742301 and DEB 0743666 funded research by M.B.B., D.R.P. and M.R.S. J.B. thanks CNPq 400640/2012-0. C.A.P. thanks CAPES 004/2012. D.R.P. thanks the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute and National Museum of Natural History. Frank Mayle and Valenti Rull are thanked for their thoughtful reviews. NR 126 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 11 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0305-0270 EI 1365-2699 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 42 IS 12 BP 2277 EP 2288 DI 10.1111/jbi.12638 PG 12 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA DA3II UT WOS:000367690000005 ER PT J AU Luiz, OJ Allen, AP Robertson, DR Floeter, SR Madin, JS AF Luiz, Osmar J. Allen, Andrew P. Robertson, D. Ross Floeter, Sergio R. Madin, Joshua S. TI Seafarers or castaways: ecological traits associated with rafting dispersal in tropical reef fishes SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Atlantic Ocean; debris; floating seaweed; flotsam; logs; long-distance dispersal; pelagic environment; Sargassum; tropical reef fish ID PLASTIC DEBRIS; MARINE-ENVIRONMENT; OCEANIC DISPERSAL; FLOATING OBJECTS; CORAL-REEFS; GROWTH-RATE; HABITAT; SIZE; BIOGEOGRAPHY; SARGASSUM AB Aim Rafting with natural flotsam is an important mechanism of long-distance oceanic dispersal for many near-shore marine organisms. Identifying the species-level traits associated with this behaviour would aid in understanding and predicting a species' capacity for dispersal between isolated areas of benthic habitat. Location The tropical and subtropical Atlantic. Methods We assessed the relationships between species-level traits (habitat use, position in water column, diet, body size, schooling activity) and rafting behaviour among 985 species of reef fish using generalized linear mixed-effect modelling. To assess whether the relationships between rafting behaviour and species traits were mediated by raft type, our analysis included interactions between raft type and our predictor variables. Results The following species-level traits are positively associated with rafting for reef fishes: (1) position in water column above reef substratum, which indicates a species' dependency on the substratum; (2) schooling behaviour, a trait linked to predation avoidance; (3) large adult size, which may be associated with enhanced survivorship and growth of rafting juveniles; and (4) broad habitat use, which may facilitate use of atypical habitats, including flotsam. Some correlations varied depending on the type of flotsam - broad habitat use is only positively correlated with the use of seaweed rafts, which may resemble patches of benthic macroalgal and seagrass beds that the reef fishes often use as ancillary habitat. In contrast, schooling behaviour is only positively correlated with rafting among logs and similar objects, perhaps because they represent poor refuges from predation. Main conclusions A species' propensity to use rafts is associated with specific ecological traits, some of which are contingent on characteristics of the raft. Thus, our findings suggest that increasing amounts of man-made flotsam entering the ocean may differentially influence future rafting opportunities among tropical reef fishes, depending on their traits, which may have important implications for their biogeographical distributions. C1 [Luiz, Osmar J.; Allen, Andrew P.; Madin, Joshua S.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Robertson, D. Ross] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Floeter, Sergio R.] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Ecol & Zool, BR-88010970 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. RP Luiz, OJ (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Balaclava Rd, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. EM osmarjluiz@gmail.com RI Floeter, Sergio/B-1438-2012; OI Madin, Joshua/0000-0002-5005-6227 FU International Macquarie University Research Excellence Scholarship; Australian Research Council; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; National Geographic Society [7937-05]; CNPq FX Financial support was provided by an International Macquarie University Research Excellence Scholarship (O.J.L.), the Australian Research Council (J.S.M), the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (D.R.R.; STV grant to S.R.F.), the National Geographic Society (grant 7937-05 to S.R.F.), and CNPq (S.R.F.). We are grateful to Michelle Gaither, Martin Thiel, Nicholas Ory, Michel Kulbicki, and an anonymous referee for the comments on the manuscript. NR 64 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0305-0270 EI 1365-2699 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 42 IS 12 BP 2323 EP 2333 DI 10.1111/jbi.12574 PG 11 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA DA3II UT WOS:000367690000009 ER PT J AU Sheldon, FH Lim, HC Moyle, RG AF Sheldon, Frederick H. Lim, Haw Chuan Moyle, Robert G. TI Return to the Malay Archipelago: the biogeography of Sundaic rainforest birds SO JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 26th International Ornithological Congress (IOC) CY AUG 18-24, 2014 CL Rikkyo Univ, Tokyo, JAPAN HO Rikkyo Univ DE Avifauna; Borneo; Pleistocene glaciation; Java; Savanna; Sundaland ID BRISTLEHEAD PITYRIASIS-GYMNOCEPHALA; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; AVES TURDIDAE COPSYCHUS; INSULAR SOUTHEAST-ASIA; LAST GLACIAL PERIOD; DNA SEQUENCE DATA; PASSERINE BIRDS; FOSSIL RECORD; HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY; PARROTS PSITTACIFORMES AB During the last 15-20 years, phylogenetic, phylogeographic, paleontological, geological, and habitat modeling studies have improved our knowledge of Sundaic biogeography dramatically. In light of these advances, we review (or postulate) where Sundaic rainforest birds came from, the causes of their endemism, and the influence of Pleistocene climatic perturbations on their diversification. We suggest that four scenarios make up a coherent, plausible explanation of patterns of extant diversity. First, relictual lineages, which represent hangovers from the warm, wet Eocene, survived the hard climatic times of the colder, drier Oligocene and Pliocene in the mountains and adjacent lowlands of eastern Borneo, where rainforest has existed continuously for the last 20-30 million years. Second, most modern SE Asian genera developed during the Miocene. Third, the rainforest of Sundaland and its avifauna were largely isolated from the rest of SE Asia during the late Miocene and Pliocene by seasonal habitats in southern Indochina and ocean boundaries elsewhere, increasing regional endemism. Finally, the advent of global glaciation in the Pleistocene introduced a different diversification dynamic to Sundaland. Early glacial events caused sufficient drying in central Sundaland to fragment rainforest and its avifauna into refugia in eastern and western Sundaland and to allow dry-habitat taxa to reach Java from Indochina. More recent glacial events resulted in sufficient perhumid habitat in central Sundaland to reconnect previously vicariated rainforest populations, creating the lowland and elevational parapatry we see today. This Pleistocene dynamic was probably not simply one period of separation and one period of connection, but rather a complex interplay of isolation and colonization, influenced by highly variable population sizes, changing levels of gene flow, and behavioral idiosyncrasies of the species involved. Throughout all of these events, Borneo played a seminal role in rainforest bird evolution by providing the habitat necessary for diversification and the long-term survival of taxa. C1 [Sheldon, Frederick H.] Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Sheldon, Frederick H.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Lim, Haw Chuan] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Moyle, Robert G.] Univ Kansas, Biodivers Inst, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Moyle, Robert G.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. RP Sheldon, FH (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM fsheld@lsu.edu FU Malaysian Chief Minister's Department in Sabah; Malaysian Chief Minister's Department in Sarawak; NSF [DEB-0228688, NSF DEB-1241059]; Coypu Foundation of Louisiana; National Geographic Society; Louisiana State University; American Museum of Natural History; University of Kansas; Sabah Parks; Sabah Museum; Universiti Malaysia Sarawak FX We especially thank Franz Barlein, Erik Matthysen, David Winkler, and the International Ornithological Congress for inviting FHS to present a plenary lecture and write this paper. We also thank Robert Hall for providing his Cenozoic maps (Fig. 3) and for giving permission to use them, and JC Gonzalez and Will Stein for sending material from their PhD theses. We are extremely grateful for input from Ed Braun, Clare Brown, Ryan Burner, Vivien Chua, Geoff Davison, Dency Gawin, Jake Esselstyn, Kevin Johnson, Rebecca Kimball, John Mittermeier, Quentin Phillipps, Rick Prum, Mustafa Abdul Rahman, Mohamad Fizl Sidq Ramji, Roselyn Remsen, Van Remsen, Frank Rheindt, Subir Shakya, Mike Sorenson, Katie Stryjewski, and David Wells. This project has been supported by the Malaysian Chief Minister's Department and numerous government departments in Sabah and Sarawak. Funding was provided by NSF DEB-0228688, NSF DEB-1241059, Coypu Foundation of Louisiana, National Geographic Society, Louisiana State University, American Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, Sabah Parks, Sabah Museum, and the Universiti Malaysia Sarawak. NR 211 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0021-8375 EI 1439-0361 J9 J ORNITHOL JI J. Ornithol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 156 SU 1 BP S91 EP S113 DI 10.1007/s10336-015-1188-3 PG 23 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA CZ9ZT UT WOS:000367457200008 ER PT J AU Baeza, JA Simpson, L Ambrosio, LJ Gueron, R Mora, N Owen, D AF Antonio Baeza, J. Simpson, Lunden Ambrosio, L. J. Gueron, Rodrigo Mora, Nathalia Owen, Dallas TI REPRODUCTIVE INVESTMENT IN A PHYLETIC GIANT, THE CARIBBEAN KING CRAB DAMITHRAX SPINOSISSIMUS: EXPLORING EGG PRODUCTION COSTS IN LARGE BROODING MARINE INERTEBRATES SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE fecundity; egg size; reproductive output; allometry; scaling; brooding; costs; Damithrax spinosissimus ID EXTENDED PARENTAL CARE; BRACHYURAN CRABS; MITHRAX-SPINOSISSIMUS; SIMULTANEOUS HERMAPHRODITISM; ADAPTIVE SIGNIFICANCE; OXYGEN AVAILABILITY; SPECIES COMPLEX; LIFE-HISTORIES; SPIDER CRABS; SIZE AB The Caribbean king crab Damithrax spinosissimus, a phyletic giant and the largest crab in the western Atlantic, was used to explore the costs of brooding, in terms of reproductive investment, in marine invertebrates. Given (i) the theoretical allometry between gamete production and brooding surfaces and (ii) increased physiological costs with increased brood mass, it was expected that larger broods from larger crabs should suffer higher mortality and brood loss than smaller broods from smaller crabs. It was also expected that smaller females should allocate disproportionably more resources to egg production than larger females. In D. spinosissimus, fecundity in females carrying early and late embryos varied, respectively, between 5,170 and 26,024 eggs/crab (mean +/- SD = 16,569 +/- 4,899) and between 1,966 and 26,906 eggs/crab (15,147 +/- 7,003). In disagreement with expectation, females did not experience brood loss during embryo development. Egg mortality in females carrying early and late eggs varied, respectively, between 0% and 69% (4.71 +/- 15.37) and between 2% and 100% (27.17 +/- 33.99). Also in disagreement with expectations, egg mortality did not increase disproportionably with parental female body size. Reproductive output varied between 10.45% and 43.79% (34.02% +/- 7.4) of crab body dry weight. Finally, in agreement with expectations, the slope (b = 0.54 +/- 0.17) of the line describing the relationship between brood and parental female dry weight was significantly less than unity. Overall, most of the results disagree with the notion that the allometry of gamete production and increased physiological costs with increased brood size explain the association between brooding and small body size in marine invertebrates. Comparative studies on the reproductive investment of brooding species pertaining to monophyletic clades with extensive disparity in body size are warranted to further our understanding about the evolution of brooding in marine invertebrates. C1 [Antonio Baeza, J.; Simpson, Lunden; Ambrosio, L. J.; Owen, Dallas] Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Antonio Baeza, J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn Ft Pierce, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Antonio Baeza, J.] Univ Catolica Norte, Dept Biol Marina, Fac Ciencias Mar, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile. [Gueron, Rodrigo] Inst Fed Educ Ciencia & Tecnol Espirito Santo, BR-29500000 Campus Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Mora, Nathalia] Univ Valle, Dept Biol, Fac Ciencias, Cali 760032, Colombia. RP Baeza, JA (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM jbaezam@clemson.edu NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC PI GROTON PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD, GROTON, CT 06340 USA SN 0730-8000 EI 1943-6319 J9 J SHELLFISH RES JI J. Shellfish Res. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 34 IS 3 BP 1049 EP 1056 DI 10.2983/035.034.0331 PG 8 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DA4BO UT WOS:000367745300031 ER PT J AU Spalding, AK Suman, DO Mellado, ME AF Spalding, Ana K. Suman, Daniel O. Eugenia Mellado, Maria TI Navigating the evolution of marine policy in Panama: Current policies and community responses in the Pearl Islands and Bocas del Toro Archipelagos of Panama SO MARINE POLICY LA English DT Article DE Integrated coastal management; Tourism; Fishing; Conservation; Bocas del Toro; Pearl Islands; Panama; Marine and coastal property regimes AB Recent changes in marine policy in Panama are closely related to sustained expansion of the Panamanian economy in the past ten years. Important drivers of economic growth such as the Panama Canal expansion, tourism, and real estate development directly involve marine and coastal areas. Therefore, maintaining the quality of these environments, as well as the sustainability of the human communities that depend on them, calls for the implementation of adequate management and planning policies. In light of a complex history of marine and coastal policy in Panama, current institutional restructuring processes, and a growing recognition of the importance of marine and coastal geographies, the authors aim to document the current status of, and community response to, marine and coastal policy in Panama, analyzed in terms of three important cross-cutting sectors: tourism, fishing, and conservation. To do so, the authors introduce two case studies: one in the Pearl Islands Archipelago and one in Bocas del Toro, each with varying degrees of participation or involvement in each sector, to illustrate the range of adaptations to change occurring in coastal communities. Based on an in-depth policy analysis and the case studies, the authors suggest that there are important administrative and structural gaps in the legislation and institutions that enforce them, as well as a lack of integration across institutions. In particular, the authors highlight the lack of clear marine and coastal property regimes as an obstacle to the implementation of integrative marine policies in Panama. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Spalding, Ana K.] Oregon State Univ, Sch Publ Policy, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Suman, Daniel O.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA. [Eugenia Mellado, Maria] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. RP Spalding, AK (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Sch Publ Policy, 318 Fairbanks Hall, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM ana.spalding@oregonstate.edu; dsuman@rsmas.miami.edu; eugebeatles@yahoo.es FU Panamanian Secretariat for Science, Technology and Innovation (SENACYT) [ITE12-003]; Conservation International (CI) FX This paper is the result of collaborative work between the authors and of support from several institutions and individuals. The authors would like to thank the Panamanian Secretariat for Science, Technology and Innovation (SENACYT) for financing the project "Land tenure in Panama: Social and Environmental Implications for Panama" (Dr. Ana K. Spalding through Grant no. ITE12-003); the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI) for logistics and offering a comfortable work and meeting space; Conservation International (CI) for financing work in the Pearl Island Archipelago through the consulting project "Survey of baseline information, evaluation of governability and market potential of the responsible green lobster fishery in the Pearl Islands Archipelago Special Management Zone (M. Eugenia Mellado). In particular, the authors would like to thank the different government agencies (National Environmental Authority - ANAM, Panamanian Aquatic Resources Authority - ARAP, National Land Titling Program - PRONAT, National Land Authority - ANATI, the Panamanian Air and Naval Service - SENAN); non-governmental organizations (Mar Viva, CIAM, CEALP, PNUD-GEF, CEASPA, COOP-ERLAS); and all the individuals who participated in the workshops held in Panama City and in the Pearl Islands. The authors would also like to extend their gratitude to the local authorities and communities of Bocas del Toro and the Pearl Islands; in the latter they would like to particularly recognize the participation of the Guna community for the collaboration with this research. Last, but not least, the authors would like to thank local academics and experts: Stanley Heckadon, Guillermo Castro, Charlotte Elton, Francisco Herrera, and Lucas Pacheco for their time and thoughtful perspectives on this topic. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-597X EI 1872-9460 J9 MAR POLICY JI Mar. Pol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 62 BP 161 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.marpol.2015.09.020 PG 8 WC Environmental Studies; International Relations SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations GA DA0KG UT WOS:000367485400017 ER PT J AU Castellanos, I Barbosa, P Zuria, I Caldas, A AF Castellanos, Ignacio Barbosa, Pedro Zuria, Iriana Caldas, Astrid TI Quantifying insect predation with predator exclusion cages: the role of prey antipredator behavior as a source of bias SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE defensive behavior; predation risk; herbivore; methodology; Orgyia leucostigma; Lepidoptera; Lymantriidae ID NATURAL ENEMIES; INVERTEBRATE PREDATORS; LARVAE; CATERPILLARS; DEFENSES; APHIDS AB There are limitations imposed by current methodologies to detect and quantify insect predation. However, there has been relatively little effort to experimentally document the sources of biases associated with the various methodologies. In this study, we examined how predation estimates in the field using predator exclusion cages may be biased when one fails to account for antipredator behavioral responses. To do this, we did the usual comparison of the number of insects missing from plants where predators were allowed access to the number missing from plants where predators were excluded, but also determined how many of the missing insects reacted to predators by dropping from plants and how many were actually preyed upon. Our results provide evidence that estimates of insect mortality in the field are significantly reduced if prey antipredator behavior is taken into account. As it is commonly assumed that prey missing in the field are predated, documenting the incidence of predator-mediated 'disappearance' and capturing insect prey before they escape can provide with a relevant estimate of bias. C1 [Castellanos, Ignacio; Zuria, Iriana] Univ Autonoma Estado Hidalgo, Ctr Invest Biol, Mineral De La Reforma 42184, Hidalgo, Mexico. [Barbosa, Pedro] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Caldas, Astrid] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Castellanos, I (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Estado Hidalgo, Ctr Invest Biol, Km 4-5 Carr Pachuca Tulancingo S-N, Mineral De La Reforma 42184, Hidalgo, Mexico. EM ignacioe@uaeh.edu.mx FU Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo PIFI FX IC and IZ acknowledge Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Hidalgo PIFI-2014 for their support. We acknowledge the helpful suggestions provided by three anonymous referees. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 EI 1570-7458 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 157 IS 3 BP 360 EP 364 DI 10.1111/eea.12375 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CZ8LS UT WOS:000367351800013 ER PT J AU Chaisson, EJ AF Chaisson, Eric J. TI Energy Flows in Low-Entropy Complex Systems SO ENTROPY LA English DT Review DE complexity; cosmic evolution; cosmology; energy; energy rate density; evolution; thermodynamics ID EVOLUTION; ENERGETICS; UNIVERSE AB Nature's many complex systemsphysical, biological, and culturalare islands of low-entropy order within increasingly disordered seas of surrounding, high-entropy chaos. Energy is a principal facilitator of the rising complexity of all such systems in the expanding Universe, including galaxies, stars, planets, life, society, and machines. A large amount of empirical evidencerelating neither entropy nor information, rather energysuggests that an underlying simplicity guides the emergence and growth of complexity among many known, highly varied systems in the 14-billion-year-old Universe, from big bang to humankind. Energy flows are as centrally important to life and society as they are to stars and galaxies. In particular, the quantity energy rate densitythe rate of energy flow per unit masscan be used to explicate in a consistent, uniform, and unifying way a huge collection of diverse complex systems observed throughout Nature. Operationally, those systems able to utilize optimal amounts of energy tend to survive and those that cannot are non-randomly eliminated. C1 [Chaisson, Eric J.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Chaisson, EJ (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM ejchaisson@cfa.harvard.edu NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 10 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1099-4300 J9 ENTROPY-SWITZ JI Entropy PD DEC PY 2015 VL 17 IS 12 BP 8007 EP 8018 DI 10.3390/e17127857 PG 12 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA CZ9UX UT WOS:000367443600011 ER PT J AU Rayhel, L Aitken-Palmer, C Joyner, P Cray, C Lizarraga, CA Ackerman, B Crowe, C AF Rayhel, Laura Aitken-Palmer, Copper Joyner, Priscilla Cray, Carolyn Lizarraga, Cesar Andres Ackerman, Betty Crowe, Chris TI HEMATOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY IN CAPTIVE WHITE-NAPED CRANES (GRUS VIPIO) SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Biochemistry; electrophoresis; Grus vipio; hematology; white-naped crane ID PROTEIN ELECTROPHORESIS; REFERENCE INTERVALS; PLASMA; VALUES; CHEMISTRY AB In this retrospective study, 36 hematologic and biochemistry samples from white-naped crane (Grus vipio) were analyzed. All birds were housed at a single institution, and samples were obtained between 1990 and 2013. All cranes were healthy at the time of sample collection, and ages ranged from 1 mo to 33 yr old. Cranes below 18 mo old were considered juveniles. Comparisons were made between means for juveniles and adults and for males and females. Significant increases in adults (P < 0.05) were found in the following variables (differences shown in parentheses): packed cell volume (8.3%), mean cell volume (28 fl), monocyte percentage (3.2%), absolute monocyte count (200 3 10(3)/ml), total solids (1.0 g/dl), albumin (0.5 g/dl), and sodium (3 mM/L). Significant decreases in adults (P < 0.05) were found in phosphorus (1.7 mg/dl), creatine phosphokinase (1,146 U/L), alkaline phosphatase (451 U/L), lactate dehydrogenase (149 U/L), and glucose (25 mg/dl). Results from adult male and female cranes were also compared; calcium levels were higher in females (4.68 mg/dl, P < 0.05). Plasma electrophoresis and radioimmunoassay for bile acids were performed on 25 banked serum or plasma samples; results from juvenile and adult samples were also compared. Significant increases in adult birds were found in total protein (1.2 g/dl, P < 0.05) and in all absolute values for all protein types; however, no difference was found when protein fractions were compared. Bile acids were found to decrease in adults (19.9 mu M/L, P < 0.05). C1 [Aitken-Palmer, Copper; Joyner, Priscilla] Smithsonians Natl Zool Pk, Conservat Biol Inst, Dept Conservat Med, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Crowe, Chris] Ctr Species Survival, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Cray, Carolyn] Univ Miami, Div Comparat Pathol, Miami, FL 33101 USA. [Ackerman, Betty] Smithsonians Natl Zool Pk, Wildlife Hlth Serv, Washington, DC 20008 USA. [Lizarraga, Cesar Andres] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Rayhel, Laura] Univ Missouri, Coll Vet Med, Columbia, MO 65202 USA. RP Rayhel, L (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Coll Vet Med, Columbia, MO 65202 USA. EM lhr6cb@mail.missouri.edu FU Avian and Wildlife Laboratory at the University of Miami FX The authors would like to thank the veterinarians, veterinary technicians, clinical pathology technicians, and animal care staff whose work made this study possible. Particular thanks go to Warren Lynch and Lisa Ware at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute for their dedication to and knowledge of care and husbandry of these birds. The authors would also like to acknowledge the Avian and Wildlife Laboratory at the University of Miami, whose generous support made the electrophoresis and bile acids portions of the study possible. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 46 IS 4 BP 747 EP 754 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA CZ7UQ UT WOS:000367306000010 PM 26667530 ER PT J AU Bauer, KL Ramer, JC Sasso, RC Proudfoot, JS Bowman, MR AF Bauer, Kendra L. Ramer, Jan C. Sasso, Rick C. Proudfoot, Jeffry S. Bowman, Michelle R. TI CLINICAL CHALLENGE: DIAGNOSIS OF CONGENITAL KYPHOSIS VIA COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING IN AN ORANGUTAN (PONGO PYGMAEUS) SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID NATURAL-HISTORY; PATHOLOGY; SCOLIOSIS; SKELETAL C1 [Bauer, Kendra L.] VCA Adv Vet Care Ctr, Fishers, IN 46038 USA. [Ramer, Jan C.; Proudfoot, Jeffry S.; Bowman, Michelle R.] Indianapolis Zoo, Indianapolis, IN 46222 USA. [Sasso, Rick C.] Indiana Spine Grp, Carmel, IN 46032 USA. RP Bauer, KL (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, POB 37012,MRC 5502, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM bauer.kendra@gmail.com NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 46 IS 4 BP 976 EP 979 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA CZ7UQ UT WOS:000367306000045 PM 26667565 ER PT J AU McClanahan, TR Starger, CJ Baker, AC AF McClanahan, Timothy R. Starger, Craig J. Baker, Andrew C. TI Decadal changes in common reef coral populations and their associations with algal symbionts (Symbiodinium spp.) SO MARINE ECOLOGY-AN EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE LA English DT Article DE Acclimatization; adaptation; global warming; marine protected areas; population dynamics; reef growth ID MARINE PROTECTED AREAS; WESTERN INDIAN-OCEAN; GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BLEACHING EVENT; SCLERACTINIAN CORALS; GENUS SYMBIODINIUM; CARIBBEAN CORALS; INDO-PACIFIC; KENYAN REEFS AB Decadal populations changes in four coral taxa and their patterns of association with algal symbionts (Symbiodinium spp. - 10 years of sampling) were examined on Kenyan back reefs over a period of climatic disturbances (1991-2009). Some of the better surviving taxa, Pavona and Pocillopora, were associated with variable temperature regimes and >50% of sampled colonies in these taxa had some of the more thermally tolerant Symbiodinium in clade D. In contrast, only around 35% of Acropora and no branching forms of Porites contained detectable levels of clade D, and both taxa experienced high levels of thermally- induced mortality and poor recovery. Overall, however the relationship between Symbiodinium clade and population-level success of coral hosts was not strong, and differential success inside and outside fisheries closures suggests that other factors, such as predation on corals, were also influential. Consequently, while Symbiodinium in clade D may contribute to the success of coral hosts across thermal disturbances, multiple ecological factors and additional biological traits also influence their long-term survival. C1 [McClanahan, Timothy R.; Baker, Andrew C.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Marine Programs, Bronx, NY 10460 USA. [Starger, Craig J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Starger, Craig J.] Amer Assoc Advancement Sci, Ctr Sci Policy & Soc Programs, Sci & Technol Policy Fellowships, Washington, DC USA. [Baker, Andrew C.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Dept Marine Biol & Ecol, Miami, FL 33149 USA. RP McClanahan, TR (reprint author), Wildlife Conservat Soc, Marine Programs, 2300 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY 10460 USA. EM tmcclanahan@wcs.org FU Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association MASMA program; Tiffany and Co. Foundation; Lenfest Ocean Program FX Research was supported by grants from the Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association MASMA program, the Tiffany and Co. Foundation and the Lenfest Ocean Program. R. Boonstra, H. Wirshing and P. Jones provided laboratory assistance. C. Hicks, J. Kawaka, J. Maina, S. Mangi, J. Mariara and N.A. Muthiga are among the many that assisted with the field surveys. R. van Woesik commented on the manuscript. The Kenyan Ministry of Science and Technology provided research clearance and Kenya Wildlife Services provided CITES permits. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 43 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0173-9565 EI 1439-0485 J9 MAR ECOL-EVOL PERSP JI Mar. Ecol.-Evol. Persp. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 36 IS 4 BP 1215 EP 1229 DI 10.1111/maec.12225 PG 15 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CZ9CR UT WOS:000367395900030 ER PT J AU Parsley, R AF Parsley, Ronald TI Flume studies using 1:1 scale models of Series 2 and basal Series 3 Cambrian gogiid eocrinoids from Guizhou Province, China to determine feeding posture and mode of attachment SO PALAEOWORLD LA English DT Article DE Gogiid models; Flume testing; Cambrian; China ID SOUTH CHINA; KAILI BIOTA; EVOLUTIONARY PALEOECOLOGY; STALKED EOCRINOIDS; MIDDLE; ECHINODERMS; ONTOGENY; COUNTY; BLOCK AB In Series 2 and 3 Cambrian of Guizhou Province, China, most echinoderms inhabited deeper/quieter water and were attached directly to siliciclastic substrate or biodetritus by biogluing (extrusion of extensible collagen). Feeding postures of abundant long stalked gogiids (e.g., Sinoeocrinus) from these beds were interpreted to have heeled over in the current from the thin flexible distal end of the stalk, with the brachioles streaming in a loose bundle, down current from the theca. To test these and other feeding posture assumptions, 1:1 scale models (holdfast, stalk, and theca) of three genera were carved from soft rubber and brachioles were modeled from braided fishing line. By varying current velocities long stalked flume models did not significantly heel over. Brachioles, both straight and spiraled, extended vertically from the theca in an (elliptical) cone and distally curved downstream. Disrupted flow around straight brachioles (Sinoeocrinus) kept them somewhat evenly spaced. Spiraled brachioles (Guizhoueocrinus, Globoeocrinus) are initially straight and angle outwards so that each proximal end defines a sector over the theca; this spacing keeps the brachioles free from tangling distally. Biogluing the animal to the bottom or to biodetritus seems to be correctly interpreted from the morphological evidence. Superglue was used as the proxy gluing agent for the models, success was limited. The dewatered, siliciclastic, non-bioturbated, seafloor could be only partly reconstructed and the somewhat viscous glue did not deeply penetrate the illite substrate. It is probable that bioglue had low viscosity, penetrated the sediment easily, and was able to agglutinate a large three dimensional anchoring body of sediment without (as is commonly observed) disrupting bedding. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. and Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, CAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Parsley, Ronald] Tulane Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Parsley, Ronald] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Parsley, R (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. EM parsley@tulane.edu NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-174X EI 1875-5887 J9 PALAEOWORLD JI Palaeoworld PD DEC PY 2015 VL 24 IS 4 SI SI BP 400 EP 407 DI 10.1016/j.palwor.2014.10.002 PG 8 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA CZ9IG UT WOS:000367410700007 ER PT J AU Beuchert, T Markowitz, AG Krauss, F Miniutti, G Longinotti, AL Guainazzi, M Perez, ID Malkan, M Elvis, M Miyaji, T Hiriart, D Lopez, JM Agudo, I Dauser, T Garcia, J Kreikenbohm, A Kadler, M Wilms, J AF Beuchert, T. Markowitz, A. G. Krauss, F. Miniutti, G. Longinotti, A. L. Guainazzi, M. de la Calle Perez, I. Malkan, M. Elvis, M. Miyaji, T. Hiriart, D. Lopez, J. M. Agudo, I. Dauser, T. Garcia, J. Kreikenbohm, A. Kadler, M. Wilms, J. TI A variable-density absorption event in NGC 3227 mapped with Suzaku and Swift SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE galaxies: active; galaxies: Seyfert; galaxies: nuclei ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; SEYFERT 1 GALAXIES; BROAD-LINE REGION; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; PHOTON IMAGING CAMERA; AGN DUSTY TORI; X-RAY; WARM ABSORBERS; BLACK-HOLE; XMM-NEWTON AB Context. The morphology of the circumnuclear gas accreting onto supermassive black holes in Seyfert galaxies remains a topic of much debate. As the innermost regions of active galactic nuclei (AGN) are spatially unresolved, X-ray spectroscopy, and in particular line-of-sight absorption variability, is a key diagnostic to map out the distribution of gas. Aims. Observations of variable X-ray absorption in multiple Seyferts and over a wide range of timescales indicate the presence of clumps/clouds of gas within the circumnuclear material. Eclipse events by clumps transiting the line of sight allow us to explore the properties of the clumps over a wide range of radial distances from the optical/UV broad line region (BLR) to beyond the dust sublimation radius. Time-resolved absorption events have been extremely rare so far, but suggest a range of density profiles across Seyferts. We resolve a weeks-long absorption event in the Seyfert NGC 3227. Methods. We examine six Suzaku and 12 Swift observations from a 2008 campaign spanning five weeks. We use a model accounting for the complex spectral interplay of three absorbers with different levels of ionization. We perform time-resolved spectroscopy to discern the absorption variability behavior. We also examine the IR to X-ray spectral energy distribution (SED) to test for reddening by dust. Results. The 2008 absorption event is due to moderately-ionized (log xi similar to 1.2-1.4) gas covering 90% of the line of sight. We resolve the density profile to be highly irregular, in contrast to a previous symmetric and centrally-peaked event mapped with RXTE in the same object. The UV data do not show significant reddening, suggesting that the cloud is dust-free. Conclusions. The 2008 campaign has revealed a transit by a filamentary, moderately-ionized cloud of variable density that is likely located in the BLR, and possibly part of a disk wind. C1 [Beuchert, T.; Markowitz, A. G.; Krauss, F.; Dauser, T.; Kreikenbohm, A.; Wilms, J.] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dr Remeis Sternwarte & Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. [Beuchert, T.; Krauss, F.; Kreikenbohm, A.; Kadler, M.] Univ Wurzburg, Lehrstuhl Astron, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany. [Markowitz, A. G.; Miyaji, T.] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Miniutti, G.] European Space Astron Ctr, Dept Astrofis, Ctr Astrobiol, CSIC,INTA, Madrid 28691, Spain. [Longinotti, A. L.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Guainazzi, M.; de la Calle Perez, I.] European Space Astron Ctr, European Space Agcy, Madrid 28691, Spain. [Malkan, M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Elvis, M.; Garcia, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Miyaji, T.; Hiriart, D.; Lopez, J. M.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico. [Agudo, I.] CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, E-18080 Granada, Spain. RP Beuchert, T (reprint author), Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dr Remeis Sternwarte & Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle, Sternwartstr 7, D-96049 Bamberg, Germany. EM tobias.beuchert@sternwarte.uni-erlangen.de RI Wilms, Joern/C-8116-2013; Agudo, Ivan/G-1701-2015; Miniutti, Giovanni/L-2721-2014; OI Wilms, Joern/0000-0003-2065-5410; Agudo, Ivan/0000-0002-3777-6182; Miniutti, Giovanni/0000-0003-0707-4531; Krauss, Felicia/0000-0001-6191-1244; Kadler, Matthias/0000-0001-5606-6154 FU Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Technologie under Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt [50OR1311]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; ESA Member States; NASA [NAS 5-26555]; National Science Foundation; UNAM-DGAPA Grant [PAPIIT IN104113]; CONACyT Grant Cientifica Basica [179662] FX This research was partially funded by a grant from the Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Technologie under Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt grant 50OR1311. We thank Mirko Krumpe and Robert Nikutta for reading the manuscript and giving very helpful comments. We made use of ISIS functions provided by ECAP/Remeis observatory and MIT (http://www.sternwarte.uni-erlangen.de/isis/) as well as the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. This work used data obtained with the Suzaku satellite, a collaborative mission between the space agencies of Japan (JAXA) and the USA (NASA), as well as data from the Swift satellite, a NASA mission managed by the Goddard Space Flight Center, XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and NASA, the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by NASA, and the Two Micron All Sky Survey, a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by NASA and the National Science Foundation. We also used observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained from the data archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute. STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc. under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. The research is also based upon observations acquired at the Observatorio Astronomico Nacional in the Sierra San Pedro Martir (OAN-SPM), Baja California, Mexico. T.M. acknowledges support by UNAM-DGAPA Grant PAPIIT IN104113 and CONACyT Grant Cientifica Basica 179662. We thank J. E. Davis for the development of the slxfig module that has been used to prepare the figures in this work. NR 100 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 584 AR A82 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201526790 PG 19 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ2LN UT WOS:000366936800082 ER PT J AU Ginsburg, A Walsh, A Henkel, C Jones, PA Cunningham, M Kauffmann, J Pillai, T Mills, EAC Ott, J Kruijssen, JMD Menten, KM Battersby, C Rathborne, J Contreras, Y Longmore, S Walker, D Dawson, J Lopez, JAP AF Ginsburg, Adam Walsh, Andrew Henkel, Christian Jones, Paul A. Cunningham, Maria Kauffmann, Jens Pillai, Thushara Mills, Elisabeth A. C. Ott, Juergen Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik Menten, Karl M. Battersby, Cara Rathborne, Jill Contreras, Yanett Longmore, Steven Walker, Daniel Dawson, Joanne Lopez, John A. P. TI High-mass star-forming cloud G0.38+0.04 in the Galactic center dust ridge contains H2CO and SiO masers SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE radio lines: ISM; Galaxy: center; ISM: clouds; ISM: molecules; ISM: individual objects: G0.38+0.04; masers ID CENTRAL MOLECULAR ZONE; YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; 6 CM EMISSION; FORMALDEHYDE MASER; VLA OBSERVATIONS; HYDROXYL MASERS; METHANOL MASERS; MILKY-WAY; SEARCH; GALAXY AB We have discovered a new H2CO (formaldehyde) 1(1,0)-1(1.1) 4.82966 GHz maser in Galactic center Cloud C, G0.38+0.04. At the time of acceptance, this is the eighth region to contain an H2CO maser detected in the Galaxy. Cloud C is one of only two sites of confirmed high-mass star formation along the Galactic center ridge, affirming that H2CO masers are exclusively associated with high-mass star formation. This discovery led us to search for other masers, among which we found new SiO vibrationally excited masers, making this the fourth star-forming region in the Galaxy to exhibit SiO maser emission. Cloud C is also a known source of CH3OH Class-II and OH maser emission. There are now two known regions that contain both SiO and H2CO masers in the CMZ, compared to two SiO and six H2CO in the Galactic disk, while there is a relative dearth of H2O and CH3OH Class-II masers in the CMZ. SiO and H2CO masers may be preferentially excited in the CMZ, perhaps because of higher gas-phase abundances from grain destruction and heating, or alternatively H2O and CH3OH maser formation may be suppressed in the CMZ. In any case, Cloud C is a new testing ground for understanding maser excitation conditions. C1 [Ginsburg, Adam] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Walsh, Andrew] Curtin Univ, Int Ctr Radio Astron Res, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Henkel, Christian; Kauffmann, Jens; Pillai, Thushara; Menten, Karl M.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Henkel, Christian] King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Astron, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. [Jones, Paul A.; Cunningham, Maria; Lopez, John A. P.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Phys, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Rathborne, Jill; Dawson, Joanne] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Mills, Elisabeth A. C.; Ott, Juergen] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Astron Rechen Inst, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Battersby, Cara] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Contreras, Yanett] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Longmore, Steven; Walker, Daniel] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England. [Dawson, Joanne] Macquarie Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. [Dawson, Joanne] Macquarie Univ, MQ Res Ctr Astron Astrophys & Astrophoton, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Ginsburg, A (reprint author), European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM Adam.Ginsburg@eso.org RI Walsh, Andrew/B-5627-2013; OI Walsh, Andrew/0000-0001-9506-0855; Cunningham, Maria/0000-0001-7020-6176; Contreras, Yanett/0000-0002-6388-3635 FU Gliese Fellowship; ATCA [C3045] FX This work made use of MIRIAD (Sault et al. 1995), astropy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013), aplpy (aplpy.readthedocs.org), pyspeckit (Ginsburg & Mirocha 2011), ds9 (ds9.si.edu), astroquery (astroquery.readthedocs.org), splatalogue (splatalogue.net) and its member catalogs (Pickett et al. 1998; Muller et al. 2005), and the radio-astrotools toolkit (radio-astro-tools.github.io). J.M.D.K. is funded by a Gliese Fellowship. This Letter is based on data from ATCA project C3045. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 584 AR L7 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201527452 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ2LN UT WOS:000366936800136 ER PT J AU Motalebi, F Udry, S Gillon, M Lovis, C Segransan, D Buchhave, LA Demory, BO Malavolta, L Dressing, CD Sasselov, D Rice, K Charbonneau, D Cameron, AC Latham, D Molinari, E Pepe, F Affer, L Bonomo, AS Cosentino, R Dumusque, X Figueira, P Fiorenzano, AFM Gettel, S Harutyunyan, A Haywood, RD Johnson, J Lopez, E Lopez-Morales, M Mayor, M Micela, G Mortier, A Nascimbeni, V Philips, D Piotto, G Pollacco, D Queloz, D Sozzetti, A Vanderburg, A Watson, CA AF Motalebi, F. Udry, S. Gillon, M. Lovis, C. Segransan, D. Buchhave, L. A. Demory, B. O. Malavolta, L. Dressing, C. D. Sasselov, D. Rice, K. Charbonneau, D. Cameron, A. Collier Latham, D. Molinari, E. Pepe, F. Affer, L. Bonomo, A. S. Cosentino, R. Dumusque, X. Figueira, P. Fiorenzano, A. F. M. Gettel, S. Harutyunyan, A. Haywood, R. D. Johnson, J. Lopez, E. Lopez-Morales, M. Mayor, M. Micela, G. Mortier, A. Nascimbeni, V. Philips, D. Piotto, G. Pollacco, D. Queloz, D. Sozzetti, A. Vanderburg, A. Watson, C. A. TI The HARPS-N Rocky Planet Search I. HD219134 b: A transiting rocky planet in a multi-planet system at 6.5 pc from the Sun SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE techniques: radial velocities; techniques: photometric; stars: individual: HD219134; binaries: eclipsing; instrumentation: spectrographs ID NEPTUNE-MASS PLANET; EARTH-LIKE PLANETS; SOLAR-TYPE STARS; IN SUPER-EARTHS; 55 CNC E; M-DWARF; SPACE-TELESCOPE; LIGHT CURVES; SHORT-PERIOD; CENTAURI B AB We know now from radial velocity surveys and transit space missions that planets only a few times more massive than our Earth are frequent around solar-type stars. Fundamental questions about their formation history, physical properties, internal structure, and atmosphere composition are, however, still to be solved. We present here the detection of a system of four low-mass planets around the bright (V = 5.5) and close-by (6.5 pc) star HD219134. This is the first result of the Rocky Planet Search programme with HARPS-N on the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo in La Palma. The inner planet orbits the star in 3.0935 +/- 0.0003 days, on a quasi-circular orbit with a semi-major axis of 0.0382 +/- 0.0003AU. Spitzer observations allowed us to detect the transit of the planet in front of the star making HD219134 b the nearest known transiting planet to date. From the amplitude of the radial velocity variation (2.25 +/- 0.22 ms(-1)) and observed depth of the transit (359 +/- 38 ppm), the planet mass and radius are estimated to be 4.36 +/- 0.44 M-circle plus and 1.606 +/- 0.086 R-circle plus, leading to a mean density of 5.76 +/- 1.09 g cm(-3), suggesting a rocky composition. One additional planet with minimum-mass of 2.78 +/- 0.65 M-circle plus moves on a close-in, quasi-circular orbit with a period of 6.767 +/- 0.004 days. The third planet in the system has a period of 46.66 +/- 0.08 days and a minimum-mass of 8.94 +/- 1.13 M-circle plus, at 0.233 +/- 0.002AU from the star. Its eccentricity is 0.46 +/- 0.11. The period of this planet is close to the rotational period of the star estimated from variations of activity indicators (42.3 +/- 0.1 days). The planetary origin of the signal is, however, the preferred solution as no indication of variation at the corresponding frequency is observed for activity-sensitive parameters. Finally, a fourth additional longer-period planet of mass of 71 M-circle times orbits the star in 1842 days, on an eccentric orbit (e = 0.34 +/- 0.17) at a distance of 2.56AU. C1 [Motalebi, F.; Udry, S.; Lovis, C.; Segransan, D.; Pepe, F.; Mayor, M.] Univ Geneva, Observ Geneve, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland. [Gillon, M.] Univ Liege, Inst Astrophys & Geophys, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. [Buchhave, L. A.; Dressing, C. D.; Sasselov, D.; Charbonneau, D.; Latham, D.; Dumusque, X.; Gettel, S.; Johnson, J.; Lopez-Morales, M.; Philips, D.; Vanderburg, A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Buchhave, L. A.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Stars & Planet Format, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Demory, B. O.] Univ Cambridge, Cavendish Lab, Cambridge CB3 0HE, England. [Malavolta, L.; Piotto, G.] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron Galileo Galilei, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Malavolta, L.; Nascimbeni, V.; Piotto, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Padova, I-35122 Padua, Italy. [Rice, K.; Lopez, E.] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, SUPA, Royal Observ, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Cameron, A. Collier; Haywood, R. D.; Mortier, A.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Molinari, E.; Cosentino, R.; Fiorenzano, A. F. M.; Harutyunyan, A.] INAF Fdn Galileo Galilei, Berna Baja 38712, Spain. [Molinari, E.] INAF IASF Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Affer, L.; Micela, G.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Palermo, I-90134 Palermo, Italy. [Bonomo, A. S.; Sozzetti, A.] INAF Osservatorio Astrofis Torino, I-10025 Pino Torinese, Italy. [Figueira, P.] Univ Porto, Inst Astrofis & Ciencias Espaco, CAUP, P-4150762 Oporto, Portugal. [Pollacco, D.; Queloz, D.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Watson, C. A.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Math & Phys, Astrophys Res Ctr, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. RP Motalebi, F (reprint author), Univ Geneva, Observ Geneve, 51 Chemin Maillettes, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland. EM fatemeh.motalebi@unige.ch RI Rice, Ken/H-5084-2011; Figueira, Pedro/J-4916-2013; OI Rice, Ken/0000-0002-6379-9185; Figueira, Pedro/0000-0001-8504-283X; Molinari, Emilio/0000-0002-1742-7735; Sozzetti, Alessandro/0000-0002-7504-365X; Cameron, Andrew/0000-0002-8863-7828; Buchhave, Lars A./0000-0003-1605-5666 FU Prodex programme of the Swiss Space Office (SSO); Harvard University Origin of Life Initiative (HUOLI); Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA); University of Geneva; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO); Italian National Astrophysical Institute (INAF); University of St. Andrews; Queen's University Belfast; University of Edinburgh; European Union [313014]; National Science Foundation; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) through Investigador FCT contracts [IF/01037/2013]; POPH/FSE (EC) by FEDER funding through the programme "Programa Operacional de Factores de Competitividade - COMPETE"; Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); NASA; Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) [IF/01037/2013CP1191/CT0001]; STFC [ST/J500744/1, ST/L000709/1]; John Templeton Foundation; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX15AC90G] FX The HARPS-N project was funded by the Prodex programme of the Swiss Space Office (SSO), the Harvard University Origin of Life Initiative (HUOLI), the Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), the University of Geneva, the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO), and the Italian National Astrophysical Institute (INAF), University of St. Andrews, Queen's University Belfast, and University of Edinburgh. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement No. 313014 (ETAEARTH). C.D. is supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship. P.F. acknowledges support by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) through Investigador FCT contracts of reference IF/01037/2013 and POPH/FSE (EC) by FEDER funding through the programme "Programa Operacional de Factores de Competitividade - COMPETE". This work has been carried out in the frame of the National Centre for Competence in Research "PlanetS" supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF). S.U., C.L., D.S. and F.P. acknowledge the financial support of the SNSF. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. Support for this work was provided by NASA. M. Gillon is Research Associate at the Belgian Scientific Research Fund (F.R.S-FNRS), and he is extremely grateful to NASA and SSC Director for having supported his searches for RV planets with Spitzer. P.F. further acknowledges support from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) in the form of an exploratory project of reference IF/01037/2013CP1191/CT0001. R.D.H. was supported by STFC studentship grant ST/J500744/1 during the course of this work. CAW acknowledges support from STFC grant ST/L000709/1. This publication was made possible by a grant from the John Templeton Foundation. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the John Templeton Foundation. This material is based upon work supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant No. NNX15AC90G issued through the Exoplanets Research Program. NR 91 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 6 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 584 AR A72 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201526822 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ2LN UT WOS:000366936800072 ER PT J AU Orru, E van Velzen, S Pizzo, RF Yatawatta, S Paladino, R Iacobelli, M Murgia, M Falcke, H Morganti, R de Bruyn, AG Ferrari, C Anderson, J Bonafede, A Mulcahy, D Asgekar, A Avruch, IM Beck, R Bell, ME van Bemmel, I Bentum, MJ Bernardi, G Best, P Breitling, F Broderick, JW Bruggen, M Butcher, HR Ciardi, B Conway, JE Corstanje, A de Geus, E Deller, A Duscha, S Eisloffel, J Engels, D Frieswijk, W Garrett, MA Griessmeier, J Gunst, AW Hamaker, JP Heald, G Hoeft, M van der Horst, AJ Intema, H Juette, E Kohler, J Kondratiev, VI Kuniyoshi, M Kuper, G Loose, M Maat, P Mann, G Markoff, S McFadden, R McKay-Bukowski, D Miley, G Moldon, J Molenaar, G Munk, H Nelles, A Paas, H Pandey-Pommier, M Pandey, VN Pietka, G Polatidis, AG Reich, W Rottgering, H Rowlinson, A Scaife, A Schoenmakers, A Schwarz, D Serylak, M Shulevski, A Smirnov, O Steinmetz, M Stewart, A Swinbank, J Tagger, M Tasse, C Thoudam, S Toribio, MC Vermeulen, R Vocks, C van Weeren, RJ Wijers, RAMJ Wise, MW Wucknitz, O AF Orru, E. van Velzen, S. Pizzo, R. F. Yatawatta, S. Paladino, R. Iacobelli, M. Murgia, M. Falcke, H. Morganti, R. de Bruyn, A. G. Ferrari, C. Anderson, J. Bonafede, A. Mulcahy, D. Asgekar, A. Avruch, I. M. Beck, R. Bell, M. E. van Bemmel, I. Bentum, M. J. Bernardi, G. Best, P. Breitling, F. Broderick, J. W. Brueggen, M. Butcher, H. R. Ciardi, B. Conway, J. E. Corstanje, A. de Geus, E. Deller, A. Duscha, S. Eisloeffel, J. Engels, D. Frieswijk, W. Garrett, M. A. Griessmeier, J. Gunst, A. W. Hamaker, J. P. Heald, G. Hoeft, M. van der Horst, A. J. Intema, H. Juette, E. Kohler, J. Kondratiev, V. I. Kuniyoshi, M. Kuper, G. Loose, M. Maat, P. Mann, G. Markoff, S. McFadden, R. McKay-Bukowski, D. Miley, G. Moldon, J. Molenaar, G. Munk, H. Nelles, A. Paas, H. Pandey-Pommier, M. Pandey, V. N. Pietka, G. Polatidis, A. G. Reich, W. Rottgering, H. Rowlinson, A. Scaife, A. Schoenmakers, A. Schwarz, D. Serylak, M. Shulevski, A. Smirnov, O. Steinmetz, M. Stewart, A. Swinbank, J. Tagger, M. Tasse, C. Thoudam, S. Toribio, M. C. Vermeulen, R. Vocks, C. van Weeren, R. J. Wijers, R. A. M. J. Wise, M. W. Wucknitz, O. TI Wide-field LOFAR imaging of the field around the double-double radio galaxy B1834+620 A fresh view on a restarted AGN and doubeltjes SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE instrumentation: interferometers; techniques: interferometric; galaxies: active; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; radio continuum: galaxies; astroparticle physics ID ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; DOUBLE-DOUBLE MORPHOLOGY; FREQUENCY SKY SURVEY; BLACK-HOLES; JET ACTIVITY; MINI-SURVEY; FEEDBACK; QUASAR; ARRAY; I. AB Context. The existence of double-double radio galaxies (DDRGs) is evidence for recurrent jet activity in active galactic nuclei (AGN), as expected from standard accretion models. A detailed study of these rare sources provides new perspectives for investigating the AGN duty cycle, AGN-galaxy feedback, and accretion mechanisms. Large catalogues of radio sources, on the other hand, provide statistical information about the evolution of the radio-loud AGN population out to high redshifts. Aims. Using wide-field imaging with the LOFAR telescope, we study both a well-known DDRG as well as a large number of radio sources in the field of view. Methods. We present a high resolution image of the DDRG B1834 + 620 obtained at 144MHz using LOFAR commissioning data. Our image covers about 100 square degrees and contains over 1000 sources. Results. The four components of the DDRG B1834 + 620 have been resolved for the first time at 144 MHz. Inner lobes were found to point towards the direction of the outer lobes, unlike standard FR II sources. Polarized emission was detected at + 60 rad m(-2) in the northern outer lobe. The high spatial resolution allows the identification of a large number of small double-lobed radio sources; roughly 10% of all sources in the field are doubles with a separation smaller than 1'. Conclusions. The spectral fit of the four components is consistent with a scenario in which the outer lobes are still active or the jets recently switched off, while emission of the inner lobes is the result of a mix-up of new and old jet activity. From the presence of the newly extended features in the inner lobes of the DDRG, we can infer that the mechanism responsible for their formation is the bow shock that is driven by the newly launched jet. We find that the density of the small doubles exceeds the density of FR II sources with similar properties at 1.4 GHz, but this difference becomes smaller for low flux densities. Finally, we show that the significant challenges of wide-field imaging (e.g., time and frequency variation of the beam, directional dependent calibration errors) can be solved using LOFAR commissioning data, thus demonstrating the potential of the full LOFAR telescope to discover millions of powerful AGN at redshift z similar to 1. C1 [Orru, E.; Pizzo, R. F.; Yatawatta, S.; Iacobelli, M.; Falcke, H.; Morganti, R.; de Bruyn, A. G.; Asgekar, A.; van Bemmel, I.; Bentum, M. J.; de Geus, E.; Deller, A.; Duscha, S.; Frieswijk, W.; Garrett, M. A.; Gunst, A. W.; Hamaker, J. P.; Heald, G.; Kuper, G.; Loose, M.; Maat, P.; McFadden, R.; Moldon, J.; Munk, H.; Pandey, V. N.; Polatidis, A. G.; Schoenmakers, A.; Shulevski, A.; Toribio, M. C.; Vermeulen, R.; Wise, M. W.] ASTRON, Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Orru, E.; van Velzen, S.; Falcke, H.; Corstanje, A.; Kondratiev, V. I.; Nelles, A.; Thoudam, S.] Radboud Univ Nijmegen, Dept Astrophys IMAPP, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, Netherlands. [van Velzen, S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Astrophys Sci, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Yatawatta, S.; Morganti, R.; de Bruyn, A. G.; Avruch, I. M.; Shulevski, A.] Univ Groningen, Kapteyn Astron Inst, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Paladino, R.] Univ Bologna, Dept Phys & Astron, I-40127 Bologna, Italy. [Paladino, R.] INAF Osservatorio Radioastron, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. [Murgia, M.] INAF Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, I-09047 Selargius, CA, Italy. [Falcke, H.; Beck, R.; Kohler, J.; Reich, W.; Wucknitz, O.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Ferrari, C.] Univ Nice Sophia Antipolis, Observ Cote dAzur, Lab Lagrange, UMR 7293,CNRS, F-06300 Nice, France. [Anderson, J.] Helmholtz Zentrum Potsdam, Deutsch GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ, Dept Geodesy & Remote Sensing, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany. [Bonafede, A.; Brueggen, M.] Univ Hamburg, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Mulcahy, D.; Scaife, A.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Asgekar, A.] Shell Technol Ctr, Bangalore 560099, Karnataka, India. [Avruch, I. M.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-9700 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Bell, M. E.; Rowlinson, A.] CSIRO Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [van Bemmel, I.] Joint Inst VLBI Europe, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. [Bentum, M. J.] Univ Twente, NL-7522 NB Enschede, Netherlands. [Bernardi, G.; van Weeren, R. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Best, P.] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ Edinburgh, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Breitling, F.; Mann, G.; Steinmetz, M.; Vocks, C.] Leibniz Inst Astrophys Potsdam AIP, D-14482 Potsdam, Germany. [Broderick, J. W.] Univ Southampton, Sch Phys & Astron, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Butcher, H. R.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Ciardi, B.] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, D-85741 Garching, Germany. [Conway, J. E.] Chalmers, Onsala Space Observ, Dept Earth & Space Sci, S-43992 Onsala, Sweden. [de Geus, E.] SmarterVision BV, NL-9401 JX Assen, Netherlands. [Eisloeffel, J.; Hoeft, M.] Thuringer Landessternwarte, D-07778 Tautenburg, Germany. [Engels, D.] Hamburger Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Garrett, M. A.; Intema, H.; Miley, G.; Rottgering, H.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Griessmeier, J.; Tagger, M.] Univ Orleans, CNRS, LPC2E, F-45100 Orleans 2, France. [Griessmeier, J.] Univ Orleans, OSUC, Observ Paris, Stn Radioastron Nancay,CNRS,INSU,USR 704, F-18330 Nancay, France. [van der Horst, A. J.] George Washington Univ, Dept Phys, Washington, DC 20052 USA. [Intema, H.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Juette, E.] Ruhr Univ Bochum, Astron Inst, D-44780 Bochum, Germany. [Kondratiev, V. I.] PN Lebedev Phys Inst, Ctr Astro Space, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Kuniyoshi, M.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Markoff, S.; Molenaar, G.; Swinbank, J.; Wijers, R. A. M. J.; Wise, M. W.] Univ Amsterdam, Anton Pannekoek Inst, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [McKay-Bukowski, D.] Univ Oulu, Sodankyla Geophys Observ, Sodankyla 99600, Finland. [McKay-Bukowski, D.] Rutherford Appleton Lab, STFC, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England. [Paas, H.] Univ Groningen, CIT, NL-9712 CP Groningen, Netherlands. [Pandey-Pommier, M.] Observ Lyon, Ctr Rech Astrophys Lyon, F-69561 St Genis Laval, France. [Pietka, G.; Serylak, M.; Stewart, A.] Univ Oxford, Astrophys, Oxford OX1 3RH, England. [Schwarz, D.] Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33501 Bielefeld, Germany. [Smirnov, O.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Smirnov, O.] SKA South Africa, ZA-7405 Pinelands, South Africa. [Tasse, C.] Observ Paris, LESIA, CNRS, UMR 8109, F-92195 Meudon, France. RP Orru, E (reprint author), ASTRON, Netherlands Inst Radio Astron, Postbus 2, NL-7990 AA Dwingeloo, Netherlands. EM orru@astron.nl RI Intema, Huib/D-1438-2012; Kondratiev, Vladislav/N-1105-2015; Yatawatta, Sarod/E-6037-2013; OI Intema, Huib/0000-0002-5880-2730; Kondratiev, Vladislav/0000-0001-8864-7471; Wijers, Ralph/0000-0002-3101-1808; Yatawatta, Sarod/0000-0001-5619-4017; Deller, Adam/0000-0001-9434-3837; van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660; Shulevski, Aleksandar/0000-0002-1827-0469 FU Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/J001422/1] NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 584 AR A112 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201526501 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ2LN UT WOS:000366936800112 ER PT J AU Pinilla, P de Boer, J Benisty, M Juhasz, A Ovelar, MD Dominik, C Avenhaus, H Birnstiel, T Girard, JH Huelamo, N Isella, A Milli, J AF Pinilla, P. de Boer, J. Benisty, M. Juhasz, A. Ovelar, M. de Juan Dominik, C. Avenhaus, H. Birnstiel, T. Girard, J. H. Huelamo, N. Isella, A. Milli, J. TI Variability and dust filtration in the transition disk J160421.7-213028 observed in optical scattered light SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE techniques: high angular resolution; protoplanetary disks ID SCORPIUS OB ASSOCIATION; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; IMAGING POLARIMETRY; ASYMMETRIC FEATURES; PLANET FORMATION; STAR-FORMATION; SAO 206462; GAP EDGES; POLARIZATION AB Context. Protoplanetary disks around young stars are the birth-sites of planets. Spectral energy distributions and direct images of a subset of disks known as transition disks reveal dust-depleted inner cavities. Some of these disks show asymmetric structures in thermal submillimetre emission and optical scattered light. These structures can be the result of planet(s) or companions embedded in the disk. Aims. We aim to detect and analyse the scattered light of the transition disk J160421.7-213028, identify disk structures, and compare the results with previous observations of this disk at other wavelengths. Methods. We obtained and analysed new polarised intensity observations of the transition disk J160421.7-213028 with VLT/SPHERE using the visible light instrument ZIMPOL at R'-band (0.626 mu m). We probed the disk gap down to a radius of confidence of 0.1 '' (similar to 15 AU at 145 pc). We interpret the results in the context of dust evolution when planets interact with the parental disk. Results. We observe a gap from 0.1 to 0.3 '' (similar to 15 to 40 AU) and a bright annulus as previously detected by HiCIAO H-band observations at 1.65 mu m. The radial width of the annulus is around 40 AU, and its centre is at similar to 61 AU from the central star. The peak of the reflected light at 0.626 mu m is located 20 AU inward of the cavity detected in the submillimetre. In addition, we detect a dip at a position angle of similar to 46.2 +/- 5.4 degrees. A dip was also detected with HiCIAO, but located at similar to 85 degrees. If the dip observed with HiCIAO is the same, this suggests an average dip rotation of similar to 12 degrees/year, which is inconsistent with the local Keplerian angular velocity of similar to 0.8 degrees/yr at similar to 61 AU. Conclusions. The spatial discrepancy in the radial emission in J160421.7-213028 at different wavelengths is consistent with dust filtration at the outer edge of a gap carved by a massive planet. The dip rotation can be interpreted as fast variability of the inner disk and/or the presence of a warp or circumplanetary material of a planet at similar to 9.6 AU. C1 [Pinilla, P.; de Boer, J.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Benisty, M.] Univ Grenoble Alpes, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Benisty, M.] CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Juhasz, A.] Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 OHA, England. [Ovelar, M. de Juan] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England. [Dominik, C.] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Avenhaus, H.] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. [Birnstiel, T.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Girard, J. H.; Milli, J.] European So Observ, Santiago 19, Chile. [Huelamo, N.] Ctr Astrobiol INTA CSIC, Villanueva De La Canada 28691, Spain. [Isella, A.] Rice Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Pinilla, P (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM pinilla@strw.leidenuniv.nl RI Huelamo, Nuria/C-3042-2017; OI Huelamo, Nuria/0000-0002-2711-8143; Birnstiel, Tilman/0000-0002-1899-8783 FU Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen (KNAW) professor prize; Programme National de Physique Stellaire (PNPS) of CNRS/INSU, France; DISCSIM project - European Research Council [341137, ERC-2013-ADG]; FONDECYT [3150643]; NASA Origins of Solar Systems grant [NNX12AJ04G] FX We are grateful to C. P. Dullemond, S. Andrews, and A. Kraus for their feedback and to S. Mayama for sharing the HiCIAO data. We thank the VLT team for their help during the observations. P. P. is supported by Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen (KNAW) professor prize to Ewine van Dishoeck. M.B. acknowledges financial support from Programme National de Physique Stellaire (PNPS) of CNRS/INSU, France. A.J. acknowledges the support of the DISCSIM project, grant agreement 341137 funded by the European Research Council under ERC-2013-ADG. H.A. acknowledges financial support from FONDECYT grant 3150643. T.B. acknowledges support from NASA Origins of Solar Systems grant NNX12AJ04G. NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 584 AR L4 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201526981 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ2LN UT WOS:000366936800133 ER PT J AU Pinilla, P van der Marel, N Perez, LM van Dishoeck, EF Andrews, S Birnstiel, T Herczeg, G Pontoppidan, KM van Kempen, T AF Pinilla, P. van der Marel, N. Perez, L. M. van Dishoeck, E. F. Andrews, S. Birnstiel, T. Herczeg, G. Pontoppidan, K. M. van Kempen, T. TI Testing particle trapping in transition disks with ALMA SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE protoplanetary disks; circumstellar matter; planets and satellites: formation ID PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; DUST TRAP; SAO 206462; GAP EDGES; VORTICES; STARS; SIMULATIONS; OPHIUCHUS; GRAINS; LIGHT AB Some protoplanetary disks show evidence of inner dust cavities. Recent observations of gas and dust of these so-called transition disks support the hypothesis that these cavities originate from particle trapping in pressure bumps. We present new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) continuum observations at 336 GHz of two transition disks, SR21 and HD 135344B. In combination with previous ALMA observations from Cycle 0 at 689 GHz, we compare the visibility profiles at the two frequencies and calculate the spectral index (alpha(mm)). The observations of SR 21 show a clear shift in the visibility nulls, indicating radial variations of the inner edge of the cavity at the two wavelengths. Notable radial variations of the spectral index are also detected for SR 21 with values of alpha(mm) similar to 3.8-4.2 in the inner region (r less than or similar to 35 AU) and alpha(mm) similar to 2.6-3.0 outside. An axisymmetric ring (which we call the ring model) or a ring with the addition of an azimuthal Gaussian profile, for mimicking a vortex structure (which we call the vortex model), is assumed for fitting the disk morphology. For SR 21, the ring model better fits the emission at 336 GHz, conversely the vortex model better fits the 689 GHz emission. For HD 135344B, neither a significant shift in the null of the visibilities nor radial variations of alpha(mm) are detected. Furthermore, for HD 135344B, the vortex model fits both frequencies better than the ring model. However, the azimuthal extent of the vortex increases with wavelength, contrary to model predictions for particle trapping by anticyclonic vortices. For both disks, the azimuthal variations of alpha(mm) remain uncertain to confirm azimuthal trapping. The comparison of the current data with a generic model of dust evolution that includes planet-disk interaction suggests that particles in the outer disk of SR 21 have grown to millimetre sizes and have accumulated in a radial pressure bump, whereas with the current resolution there is not clear evidence of radial trapping in HD 135344B, although it cannot be excluded either. C1 [Pinilla, P.; van der Marel, N.; van Dishoeck, E. F.; van Kempen, T.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Perez, L. M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [van Dishoeck, E. F.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Andrews, S.; Birnstiel, T.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Herczeg, G.] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Pontoppidan, K. M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Pinilla, P (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, POB 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. EM pinilla@strw.leidenuniv.nl OI Birnstiel, Tilman/0000-0002-1899-8783 FU Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA); Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) professor prize; European Union A-ERC [291141 CHEMPLAN]; NASA Origins of Solar Systems grant [NNX12AJ04G] FX We are thankful to the anonymous referee, who helped to improve the quality of this manuscript. We are grateful with M. Benisty and C. P. Dullemond for fruitful discussions. Astrochemistry in Leiden is supported by the Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA), by a Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) professor prize, and by the European Union A-ERC grant 291141 CHEMPLAN. T.B. acknowledges support from NASA Origins of Solar Systems grant NNX12AJ04G. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2012.1.00158.S and #2011.0.00724.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. NR 52 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 584 AR A16 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201526655 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ2LN UT WOS:000366936800016 ER PT J AU Schirbel, L Melendez, J Karakas, AI Ramirez, I Castro, M Faria, MA Lugaro, M Asplund, M Maia, MT Yong, D Howes, L do Nascimento, JD AF Schirbel, Lucas Melendez, Jorge Karakas, Amanda I. Ramirez, Ivan Castro, Matthieu Faria, Marcos A. Lugaro, Maria Asplund, Martin Maia, Marcelo Tucci Yong, David Howes, Louise do Nascimento, Jose D., Jr. TI HIP 10725: The first solar twin/analogue field blue straggler SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: abundances; stars: fundamental parameters; Sun: abundances; blue stragglers ID METAL-POOR STARS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; LITHIUM ABUNDANCE; PLANET FORMATION; Y-2 ISOCHRONES; S-PROCESS; DEPLETION; TWIN; ACCRETION; MODELS AB Context. Blue stragglers are easy to identify in globular clusters, but are much harder to identify in the field. Here we present the serendipitous discovery of one field blue straggler, HIP 10725, that closely matches the Sun in mass and age, but with a metallicity slightly lower than solar. Aims. We characterise the solar twin/analogue HIP 10725 to assess whether this star is a blue straggler. Methods. We employed spectra with high resolution (R similar to 10(5)) and high signal-to-noise ratio (330) obtained with UVES at the VLT to perform a differential abundance analysis of the solar analogue HIP 10725. Radial velocities obtained by other instruments were also used to check for binarity. We also studied its chromospheric activity, age, and rotational velocity. Results. HIP 10725 is severely depleted in beryllium ([Be/II] <= -1.2 dex) for its stellar parameters and age. The abundances relative to solar of the elements with Z <= 30 show a correlation with condensation temperature, and the neutron capture elements produced by the s-process are greatly enhanced, while the r-process elements seem normal. We found its projected rotational velocity (v sin i = 3.3 +/- 0.1 km s(-1)) to be significantly higher than solar and incompatible with its isochrone-derived age. Radial velocity monitoring shows that the star has a binary companion. Conclusions. Based on the high s-process element enhancements and low beryllium abundance, we suggest that HIP 10725 has been polluted by mass transfer from an AGB star that probably had an initial mass of about 2 M-circle dot. The radial velocity variations suggest the presence of an unseen binary companion, probably the remnant of a former AGB star. Isochrones predict a solar-age star, but this disagrees with the high projected rotational velocity and high chromospheric activity. We conclude that HIP 10725 is a field blue straggler, rejuvenated by the mass-transfer process of its former AGB companion. C1 [Schirbel, Lucas; Melendez, Jorge; Maia, Marcelo Tucci] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Astron, IAG, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Karakas, Amanda I.; Asplund, Martin; Yong, David; Howes, Louise] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Ramirez, Ivan] Univ Texas Austin, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Ramirez, Ivan] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Castro, Matthieu; do Nascimento, Jose D., Jr.] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Norte, Dept Fis Teor & Expt, BR-59072970 Natal, RN, Brazil. [Faria, Marcos A.] Univ Fed Itajuba, DFQ, Inst Ciencias Exatas, BR-37500903 Itajuba, MG, Brazil. [Lugaro, Maria] Hungarian Acad Sci, Res Ctr Astron & Earth Sci, Konkoly Observ, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary. [do Nascimento, Jose D., Jr.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Schirbel, L (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Astron, IAG, Rua Matao 1226,Cidade Univ, BR-05508900 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. EM lucas.schirbel@usp.br RI Melendez, Jorge/J-4002-2016; OI Melendez, Jorge/0000-0002-4933-2239; Howes, Louise/0000-0003-0117-0231 FU FAPESP [2012/24392-2, 2013/25008-4]; CNPq (Bolsa de Produtividade); CNPq [311706/2014-2]; Australian Research Council [FL110100012, DP120100991]; Australian Research Council Future Fellowship [FT110100475] FX J.M. would like to acknowledge support from FAPESP (2012/24392-2) and CNPq (Bolsa de Produtividade). L.S. acknowledges support from FAPESP (2013/25008-4) and CNPq. M.A and D.Y. acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council (grants FL110100012 and DP120100991). M.L. is a Momentum project leader of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. M.C. acknowledges the support grant 311706/2014-2 from CNPq. A.K. was supported through an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FT110100475). NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 584 AR A116 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201527303 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ2LN UT WOS:000366936800116 ER PT J AU Schneider, PC Gunther, HM Robrade, J Facchini, S Hodapp, KW Manara, CF Perdelwitz, V Schmitt, JHMM Skinner, S Wolk, SJ AF Schneider, P. C. Guenther, H. M. Robrade, J. Facchini, S. Hodapp, K. W. Manara, C. F. Perdelwitz, V. Schmitt, J. H. M. M. Skinner, S. Wolk, S. J. TI The nature of the 2014-2015 dim state of RW Aurigae revealed by X-ray, optical, and near-IR observations SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE stars: individual: RW Aur; stars: pre-main sequence; stars: low-mass; stars: variables: T Tauri, Herbig Ae/Be; X-rays: stars ID T-TAURI STARS; CTTS AA-TAURI; AUR-A; SYSTEM; DUST; DISK; VARIABILITY; ABSORPTION; ACCRETION; EVOLUTION AB The binary system RW Aur consists of two classical T Tauri stars (CTTSs). The primary recently underwent its second observed major dimming event (Delta V similar to 2 mag). We present new, resolved Chandra X-ray and UKIRT near-IR (NIR) data as well as unresolved optical photometry obtained in the dim state to study the gas and dust content of the absorber causing the dimming. The X-ray data show that the absorbing column density increased from N-H < 0.1 x 10(22) cm(-2) during the bright state to approximate to 2 x 10(22) cm(-2) in the dim state. The brightness ratio between dim and bright state at optical to NIR wavelengths shows only a moderate wavelength dependence and the NIR color-color diagram suggests no substantial reddening. Taken together, this indicates gray absorption by large grains (greater than or similar to 1 mu m) with a dust mass column density of greater than or similar to 2 x 10(-4) g cm(-2). Comparison with N-H shows that an absorber responsible for the optical/NIR dimming and the X-ray absorption is compatible with the ISM's gas-to-dust ratio, i.e., that grains grow in the disk surface layers without largely altering the gas-to-dust ratio. Lastly, we discuss a scenario in which a common mechanism can explain the long-lasting dimming in RW Aur and recently in AA Tau. C1 [Schneider, P. C.; Manara, C. F.] European Space Res & Technol Ctr ESA ESTEC, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands. [Guenther, H. M.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Robrade, J.; Perdelwitz, V.; Schmitt, J. H. M. M.] Hamburger Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Facchini, S.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Hodapp, K. W.] Inst Astron, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Skinner, S.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Wolk, S. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Schneider, PC (reprint author), European Space Res & Technol Ctr ESA ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands. EM cschneider@hs.uni-hamburg.de OI Gunther, Hans Moritz/0000-0003-4243-2840; Facchini, Stefano/0000-0003-4689-2684 FU NASA [NAS8-03060]; STFC/Isaac Newton Trust studentship; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNH14CK55B]; [NASA-HST-GO-12315.01] FX We thank B. Wilkes for granting the Chandra DDT observation and the referee, Prof. G. Gahm, for the careful and constructive report. P.C.S. and C.F.M. gratefully acknowledge an ESA Research Fellowship, H.M.G. is supported by NASA-HST-GO-12315.01, S.J.W. NASA contract NAS8-03060 (Chandra), and S.F. by an STFC/Isaac Newton Trust studentship. The results reported are based on observations made by the Chandra X-ray Observatory and by the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT) supported by NASA and operated under an agreement among the University of Hawaii, the University of Arizona, and Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center; operations are enabled through the cooperation of the Joint Astronomy Centre of the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the UK and by UKIRT. Some photometry was obtained at the Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF), which is operated by the University of Hawaii under contract NNH14CK55B with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 584 AR L9 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201527237 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ2LN UT WOS:000366936800138 ER PT J AU Schneider, PC France, K Gunther, HM Herczeg, G Robrade, J Bouvier, J McJunkin, M Schmitt, JHMM AF Schneider, P. C. France, K. Guenther, H. M. Herczeg, G. Robrade, J. Bouvier, J. McJunkin, M. Schmitt, J. H. M. M. TI X-ray to NIR emission from AA Tauri during the dim state Occultation of the inner disk and gas-to-dust ratio of the absorber SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; stars: pre-main sequence; stars: variables: T Tauri, Herbig Ae/Be; stars: individual: AA Tau; X-rays: stars; ultraviolet: stars ID PHOTON IMAGING CAMERA; PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; MAGNETOSPHERIC ACCRETION; INTERSTELLAR EXTINCTION; CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS; CO ABSORPTION; H-2 EMISSION; YOUNG STARS; XMM-NEWTON; MODELS AB AA Tau is a well-studied, nearby classical T Tauri star, which is viewed almost edge-on. A warp in its inner disk periodically eclipses the central star, causing a clear modulation of its optical light curve. The system underwent a major dimming event beginning in 2011 caused by an extra absorber, which is most likely associated with additional disk material in the line of sight toward the central source. We present new XMM-Newton X-ray, Hubble Space Telescope FUV, and ground-based optical and near-infrared data of the system obtained in 2013 during the long-lasting dim phase. The line width decrease of the fluorescent H-2 disk emission shows that the extra absorber is located at r > 1 au. Comparison of X-ray absorption (NH) with dust extinction (A(V)), as derived from measurements obtained one inner disk orbit (eight days) after the X-ray measurement, indicates that the gas-to-dust ratio as probed by the N-H to AV ratio of the extra absorber is compatible with the ISM ratio. Combining both results suggests that the extra absorber, i.e., material at r > 1 au, has no significant gas excess in contrast to the elevated gas-to-dust ratio previously derived for material in the inner region (<= 0.1 au). C1 [Schneider, P. C.] Hamburger Sternwarte, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. [Schneider, P. C.; Robrade, J.; Schmitt, J. H. M. M.] European Space Res & Technol Ctr ESA ESTEC, NL-2201 AZ Noordwijk, Netherlands. [France, K.; McJunkin, M.] Univ Colorado, Ctr Astrophys & Space Astron, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Guenther, H. M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Herczeg, G.] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Bouvier, J.] Univ Grenoble Alpes, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Bouvier, J.] CNRS, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [France, K.] Univ Colorado, Lab Atmospher & Space Phys, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Schneider, PC (reprint author), Hamburger Sternwarte, Gojenbergsweg 112, D-21029 Hamburg, Germany. EM christian.schneider@esa.int OI Gunther, Hans Moritz/0000-0003-4243-2840 FU DLR [50 OR 1307]; Nancy Grace Roman Fellowship; NASA/Chandra Award [GO4-15009X]; NASA [NAS8-03060, NAS5-26555]; ESA Member States; NASA Office of Space Science [NAG5-7584] FX It is a pleasure to thank N. Schartel for granting the target of opportunity XMM-Newton observation, S. Wolk for organizing the UKIRT observation, B. Reipurt for providing the UKIRT data, and the CAHA staff for performing the NIR observations in service mode; in particular Aceituno-Castro, Bergond, and the director Galadi-Enriquez for granting the target of opportunity observations. P.C.S. was supported by the DLR under grant 50 OR 1307 and is currently a Research Fellow at ESA/ESTEC. K.F. acknowledges from a Nancy Grace Roman Fellowship and H.M.G. acknowledges NASA/Chandra Award GO4-15009X issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center for and on behalf of NASA under contract NAS8-03060. We acknowledge LabEx OSUG@2020 that allowed purchasing the imaging system installed at the 1.25-m telescope at CrAO. Based on observations obtained with XMM-Newton, an ESA science mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and NASA. The paper is also based on observations obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope through Guest Observing Program 12876. Some of the data presented in this paper were obtained from the Multimission Archive at the Space Telescope Science Institute (MAST). STScI is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for MAST for non-HST data is provided by the NASA Office of Space Science via grant NAG5-7584 and by other grants and contracts. We acknowledge with thanks the variable star observations from the AAVSO International Database contributed by observers worldwide and used in this research. NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1432-0746 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 584 AR A51 DI 10.1051/0004-6361/201425583 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ2LN UT WOS:000366936800051 ER PT J AU Carrillo-Baltodano, A Collin, R AF Carrillo-Baltodano, Allan Collin, Rachel TI Crepidula Slipper Limpets Alter Sex Change in Response to Physical Contact with Conspecifics SO BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID MARINE-INVERTEBRATE LARVAE; CORAL-REEF FISH; CHEMICAL CUES; GREGARIOUS SETTLEMENT; HERMAPHRODITIC SHRIMP; GASTROPODA CALYPTRAEIDAE; BEHAVIORAL INTERACTIONS; SIZE; EVOLUTION; PATTERNS AB Chemical signaling, especially signaling with waterborne cues, is an important mode of communication between conspecifics of aquatic organisms. Although conspecific associations play an important role in sex allocation of sequential hermaphroditic slipper limpets, the mode of signaling is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that the effects of conspecifics on animal size and time of sex change in the tropical slipper limpet Crepidula cf. marginalis are mediated by waterborne cues. In our experiment, pairs of snails (one small and one large) were kept in cups, either together or partitioned off with fine or coarse mesh, or partitioned, but switched from side to side to allow contact with the cup mate's pedal mucus. The larger snails that were allowed contact with the smaller companions grew faster, and generally changed sex sooner, than did the larger snails in the barrier treatments, which allowed no physical contact. The smaller snails that were allowed contact with the larger cup mate delayed sex change compared to those separated from their cup mates. We were, therefore, able to reject the hypothesis that waterborne cues mediate communication between these snails. Our results suggest that the cue that affects size and time to sex change requires some kind of physical interaction that is lost when the snails are separated. Furthermore, contact with another snail's pedal mucus does not compensate for the loss of physical contact. Since males often attach to the shell of larger females, direct contact may mediate this kind of physical interaction via positional information, physical stimulation, or contact-based chemical communication. Whatever the cue, contact with conspecifics influences both partners, resulting in, surprisingly, a higher growth rate in the larger animal and delayed sex change in the smaller animal. C1 [Carrillo-Baltodano, Allan; Collin, Rachel] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa Ancon, Panama. RP Collin, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Apartado Postal 0843-03092, Balboa Ancon, Panama. EM collinr@si.edu FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute fellowship program FX We thank Autoridad de Recursos Acuaticos de Panama for issuing the collecting permits, and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute fellowship program for support to ACB. Isis Ochoa, Robin Byron, Abraham Osorio, and Carolyn Savoldelli helped with the animal care and data collection. NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0006-3185 EI 1939-8697 J9 BIOL BULL-US JI Biol. Bull. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 229 IS 3 BP 232 EP 242 PG 11 WC Biology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CZ3BN UT WOS:000366979200003 PM 26695822 ER PT J AU Blake, DB Zamora, S Garcia-Alcalde, JL AF Blake, D. B. Zamora, S. Garcia-Alcalde, J. L. TI A new Devonian asteroid-like ophiuroid from Spain SO GEOLOGICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Ophiuroidea Echinodermata; Devonian; Spain; Phylogeny ID CANTABRIAN MOUNTAINS N; BRACHIOPODS; REVISION AB A Lochkovian (Early Devonian) ophiuroid (Echinodennata), Ophiocantabria elegans n. gen. and sp., is based on a single small, well-preserved specimen collected from a shale-rich horizon of the Furada Formation, Asturias, Spain. Sedimentologic and palaeontologic data suggest its occurrence was in a near-shore setting subjected to frequent storms. Ophiocantabria is assigned to the Encrinasteridae based on the morphology of individual skeletal elements, although overall form of the new species is similar to that of approximately coeval members of the asteroid family Xenasteridae. Such homoplasy, especially among earlier members of asterozoan class-level clades, is an important but not well understood aspect of subphylum evolution. C1 [Blake, D. B.] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Zamora, S.] Inst Geol & Minero Espana, Zaragoza 50006, Spain. [Zamora, S.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Garcia-Alcalde, J. L.] Univ Oviedo, Dept Geol, Area Paleontol, E-33005 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain. RP Zamora, S (reprint author), Inst Geol & Minero Espana, C Manuel Lasala 44,9 B, Zaragoza 50006, Spain. EM dblake@illinois.edu; s.zamora@igme.es; jalcalde@geol.uniovi.es FU Ramon y Cajal Grant from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [RYC-2012-10576]; project IGCP "Climate change and biodiversity patterns in the Mid-Palaeozoic (Early Devonian to Late Carboniferous) [596]; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [CGL2013-48877] FX S.Z. was funded by a Ramon y Cajal Grant (RYC-2012-10576) and project CGL2013-48877 from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. Isabel Perez (Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain) provided excellent photographs. Reimund Haude, Peter Jell and an anonymous reviewer provided useful reviews. J.L.G.-A. thanks project IGCP 596 "Climate change and biodiversity patterns in the Mid-Palaeozoic (Early Devonian to Late Carboniferous). NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV BARCELONA PI BARCELONA PA INST CIENCIES TERRA JAUME ALMERA-CSIC, LLUIS SOLE I SABARIS S-N, BARCELONA, E-08028, SPAIN SN 1695-6133 EI 1696-5728 J9 GEOL ACTA JI Geol. Acta PD DEC PY 2015 VL 13 IS 4 BP 335 EP 343 DI 10.1344/GeologicaActa2015.13.4.6 PG 9 WC Geology SC Geology GA CZ6MN UT WOS:000367215500006 ER PT J AU Post, RC AF Post, Robert C. TI Invented by Law: Alexander Graham Bell and the Patent That Changed America SO JOURNAL OF AMERICAN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Post, Robert C.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Post, RC (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0021-8723 EI 1945-2314 J9 J AM HIST JI J. Am. Hist. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 102 IS 3 BP 892 EP 892 DI 10.1093/jahist/jav598 PG 1 WC History SC History GA CZ5ZQ UT WOS:000367181300080 ER PT J AU Wilson, B Hayek, LAC AF Wilson, Brent Hayek, Lee-Ann C. TI Late Quaternary benthic foraminifera and the Orinoco Plume SO MARINE MICROPALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Statistical analysis; Younger Dryas; Trinidad and Tobago; Inter-tropical convergence zone; Fundamental niche ID EASTERN OFFSHORE TRINIDAD; CENTRAL ATLANTIC-OCEAN; WEST-INDIES; RIVER PLUME; EQUATORIAL ATLANTIC; TROPICAL ATLANTIC; ORGANIC-CARBON; GRENADA BASIN; CARIBBEAN SEA; SHE ANALYSIS AB The bathyal benthic foraminiferal palaeoecology east of Trinidad is currently unknown. The area is oceanographically complex, comprising a pro-delta deep-sea fan building across a transpressional plate boundary. Outflow from the Orinoco River forms a high-productivity surface plume that abuts low-productivity water of the tropical western Atlantic Ocean across a laterally extensive but sharp front. The plume's areal extent differs between the rainy and dry seasons, which are governed by the position of the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ). Upper Quaternary benthic foraminifera are examined in two similar to 4 m-long piston cores, taken near the eastern edge of the plume. CHIRP profiles show that core BGT086 (water depth 626 m) comprised in situ material throughout, while the lower part of core BGT096 (water depth 700 m) consisted of slumped material. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages in BGT086 were examined quantitatively, while those in BGT096 were examined qualitatively only for comparison. Core BGT086 shows a transition from a low-diversity, Cibicidoides pachyderma-dominated community with subdominant Cassidulina curvata to a later high-diversity, low-dominance Bulimina alazanensis-Osangularielloides rugosa-Epistominella exigua community. The former is indicative of low-productivity, and the latter of high-productivity, surface water. The restriction of E. exigua to the core's upper part may reflect a change from an aseasonal to a seasonal organic flux. The faunal change was detected by both SHE and cluster analyses and an assemblage turnover index (All). It may be related to either (a) expansion of the Orinoco plume due to northward migration of the ITCZ approximately 600 yr after the end of the Younger Dryas, (b) eastward progradation of the Orinoco Delta, which would in turn push the front of the Orinoco plume eastward, or (c) both. No other boundary detected was common to all three procedures. A boundary between 124 and 130 cm below the seafloor detected by SHE analysis might equate to the 8000-7500 yr BP meltwater pulse 1C. While some specialist species were restricted to the C. pachyderma or the B. alazanensis-O. rugosa-E. exigua communities, the percentage abundance of some others, concluded to be relative generalists (e.g., Bulimina aculeata and Sphaeroidina bulloides), varied little through the core. The undisturbed section of core BGT096 showed the same general faunal succession as core BGT086. The slumped material in this core was rich in Eponides regularis, which was rare elsewhere. This species shows that the allochthonous sediment was derived from the outer shelf and upper slope (100-400 m water depth) during Late Pleistocene time. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wilson, Brent] Univ W Indies, Dept Chem Engn, Petr Geosci Programme, St Augustine, Trinid & Tobago. [Hayek, Lee-Ann C.] NMNH, Smithsonian Inst, Math & Stat, Washington, DC USA. RP Wilson, B (reprint author), Univ W Indies, Dept Chem Engn, Petr Geosci Programme, St Augustine, Trinid & Tobago. EM brent.wilson@sta.uwi.edu FU Ministry of Energy and Energy Affairs of Trinidad and Tobago FX Thanks are due to BG (Trinidad and Tobago) for sample donation and to Ron Daniel for aid in interpreting the CHIRP profiles. BW would like to thank the Ministry of Energy and Energy Affairs of Trinidad and Tobago for financial support for this project, and Andrew Jupiter in particular for helping arrange this support. Constructive reviews by Ian Boomer and Flavia Fiorini are gratefully acknowledged. NR 90 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-8398 EI 1872-6186 J9 MAR MICROPALEONTOL JI Mar. Micropaleontol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 121 BP 85 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.marmicro.2015.11.004 PG 12 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA CZ0ER UT WOS:000366778400007 ER PT J AU Itahana, M Takizawa, M Akamatsu, H Ohashi, T Ishisaki, Y Kawahara, H van Weeren, RJ AF Itahana, Madoka Takizawa, Motokazu Akamatsu, Hiroki Ohashi, Takaya Ishisaki, Yoshitaka Kawahara, Hajime van Weeren, Reinout J. TI Suzaku observations of the galaxy cluster 1RXS J0603.3+4214: Implications of particle acceleration processes in the "Toothbrush" radio relic SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN LA English DT Article DE acceleration of particles; galaxies: clusters: individual (1RXS J0603.3+4214); magnetic fields; shock waves; X-rays: galaxies: clusters ID X-RAY-PROPERTIES; COMA CLUSTER; INTRACLUSTER MEDIUM; ABELL 3376; HYDRODYNAMIC SIMULATIONS; GAS-DYNAMICS; SHOCK-WAVES; EMISSION; DIFFUSE; HALO AB We present the results of Suzaku observations of the galaxy cluster 1RXSJ0603.3+4214 with the "Toothbrush" radio relic. Although a shock with Mach number M similar or equal to 4 is expected at the outer edge of the relic from the radio observation, our temperature measurements of the intracluster medium indicate a weaker temperature difference than expected. The Mach number estimated from the temperature difference at the outer edge of the relic is M similar or equal to 1.5, which is significantly lower than the value estimated from the radio data even considering both statistical and systematic errors. This suggests that a diffusive shock acceleration theory in the linear test particle regime, which is commonly used to link the radio spectral index to the Mach number, is invalid for this relic. We also measured the temperature difference across the western part of the relic, where a shock with M similar or equal to 1.6 is suggested from the X-ray surface brightness analysis of the XMM-Newton data, and obtained consistent results in an independent way. We searched for the non-thermal inverse Compton component in the relic region and the resultant upper limit on the flux is 2.4 x 10(-13) erg cm(-2) s(-1) in the 0.3-10 keV band. The lower limit of the magnetic field strength becomes 1.6 mu G, which means that magnetic energy density could be more than a few percent of the thermal energy. C1 [Itahana, Madoka] Yamagata Univ, Sch Sci & Engn, Yamagata, Yamagata 9908560, Japan. [Takizawa, Motokazu] Yamagata Univ, Dept Phys, Yamagata, Yamagata 9908560, Japan. [Akamatsu, Hiroki] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Ohashi, Takaya; Ishisaki, Yoshitaka] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Dept Phys, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920397, Japan. [Kawahara, Hajime] Univ Tokyo, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 1330033, Japan. [van Weeren, Reinout J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Itahana, M (reprint author), Yamagata Univ, Sch Sci & Engn, Kojirakawa Machi 1-4-12, Yamagata, Yamagata 9908560, Japan. EM itahana@ksirius.kj.yamagata-u.ac.jp; takizawa@sci.kj.yamagata-u.ac.jp OI van Weeren, Reinout/0000-0002-0587-1660 FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant [26400218]; NWO, the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research; NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral grant - Chandra X-ray Center [PF2-130104]; NASA [NAS8-03060]; [22-606] FX The authors would like to thank T. Akahori, K. Sato, S. Shibata, and H. Ohno for helpful comments. We are also grateful to the Suzaku operation team for their support in planning and executing this observation. MT is supported in part by Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI Grant Number 26400218. HA is supported by a Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows (22-606). SRON is supported financially by NWO, the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research. RJW is supported by NASA through Einstein Postdoctoral grant number PF2-130104 awarded by the Chandra X-ray Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for NASA under contract NAS8-03060. NR 63 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0004-6264 EI 2053-051X J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC JPN JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Jpn. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 67 IS 6 AR 113 DI 10.1093/pasj/psv084 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CZ1IQ UT WOS:000366859800013 ER PT J AU Ocana-Mayorga, S Aguirre-Villacis, F Pinto, CM Vallejo, GA Grijalva, MJ AF Ocana-Mayorga, Sofia Aguirre-Villacis, Fernanda Miguel Pinto, C. Vallejo, Gustavo A. Grijalva, Mario J. TI Prevalence, Genetic Characterization, and 18S Small Subunit Ribosomal RNA Diversity of Trypanosoma rangeli in Triatomine and Mammal Hosts in Endemic Areas for Chagas Disease in Ecuador SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Trypanosoma rangeli characterization; Rhodnius ecuadoriensis; KP1(-); Lineage C; SSU-rRNA; Loja Province; Manabi Province; Ecuador ID CENTRAL-COASTAL ECUADOR; RHODNIUS-ECUADORIENSIS; AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; HEMIPTERA REDUVIIDAE; SOUTHERN ECUADOR; SYLVATIC MAMMALS; KINETOPLAST DNA; KP1(-) STRAINS; CROSS-REACTION AB Trypanosoma rangeli is a nonpathogenic parasite for humans; however, its medical importance relies in its similarity and overlapping distribution with Trypanosoma cruzi, causal agent of Chagas disease in the Americas. The genetic diversity of T. rangeli and its association with host species (triatomines and mammals) has been identified along Central and the South America; however, it has not included data of isolates from Ecuador. This study reports infection with T. rangeli in 18 genera of mammal hosts and five species of triatomines in three environments (domestic, peridomestic, and sylvatic). Higher infection rates were found in the sylvatic environment, in close association with Rhodnius ecuadoriensis. The results of this study extend the range of hosts infected with this parasite and the geographic range of the T. rangeli genotype KP1(-)/lineage C in South America. It was not possible to detect variation on T. rangeli from the central coastal region and southern Ecuador with the analysis of the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU-rRNA) gene, even though these areas are ecologically different and a phenotypic subdivision of R. ecuadoriensis has been found. R. ecuadoriensis is considered one of the most important vectors for Chagas disease transmission in Ecuador due to its wide distribution and adaptability to diverse environments. An extensive knowledge of the trypanosomes circulating in this species of triatomine, and associated mammal hosts, is important for delineating transmission dynamics and preventive measures in the endemic areas of Ecuador and Northern Peru. C1 [Ocana-Mayorga, Sofia; Aguirre-Villacis, Fernanda; Miguel Pinto, C.; Grijalva, Mario J.] Pontifical Catholic Univ Ecuador, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Infect & Chron Dis Res, Quito, Ecuador. [Ocana-Mayorga, Sofia; Grijalva, Mario J.] Ohio Univ, Heritage Coll Osteopath Med, Trop Dis Inst, Dept Biomed Sci, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Aguirre-Villacis, Fernanda] Univ Army Forces ESPE, Dept Life Sci, Sangolqui, Ecuador. [Miguel Pinto, C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Div Mammals, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Miguel Pinto, C.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Sackler Inst Comparat Genom, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Vallejo, Gustavo A.] Univ Tolima, Dept Biol, Fac Ciencias, Lab Invest & Parasitol Trop, Ibague, Colombia. RP Grijalva, MJ (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Heritage Coll Osteopath Med, Trop Dis Inst, Dept Biomed Sci, 333 Irvine Hall, Athens, OH 45701 USA. EM grijalva@ohio.edu FU Global Infectious Diseases Training Grant-Fogarty International Center-National Institutes of Health [D43TW008261]; Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (DMID/NIAID/NIH) [1 R15 AI077896-01]; United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)-United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)/World Bank/World Health Organization Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases Research Capability Strengthening Group [A20785, A60655]; European Union Seventh Framework Programme (ChagasEpiNet) [223034]; Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine; PEW Latin American Fellows Program in the Biomedical Sciences [00026195]; Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador [I13048] FX Financial support was received from the Global Infectious Diseases Training Grant-Fogarty International Center-National Institutes of Health (D43TW008261); the Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (DMID/NIAID/NIH (1 R15 AI077896-01); the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)-United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)/World Bank/World Health Organization Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases Research Capability Strengthening Group (grant ID A20785 and A60655); the European Union Seventh Framework Programme, contract number 223034 (ChagasEpiNet); Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine; PEW Latin American Fellows Program in the Biomedical Sciences (ID: 00026195); and Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador (I13048). NR 63 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 15 IS 12 BP 732 EP 742 DI 10.1089/vbz.2015.1794 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA CY9JS UT WOS:000366723800004 PM 26645579 ER PT J AU Hartman, JD Bakos, GA Buchhave, LA Torres, G Latham, DW Kovacs, G Bhatti, W Csubry, Z de Val-Borro, M Penev, K Huang, CX Beky, B Bieryla, A Quinn, SN Howard, AW Marcy, GW Johnson, JA Isaacson, H Fischer, DA Noyes, RW Falco, E Esquerdo, GA Knox, RP Hinz, P Lazar, J Papp, I Sari, P AF Hartman, J. D. Bakos, G. A. Buchhave, L. A. Torres, G. Latham, D. W. Kovacs, G. Bhatti, W. Csubry, Z. de Val-Borro, M. Penev, K. Huang, C. X. Beky, B. Bieryla, A. Quinn, S. N. Howard, A. W. Marcy, G. W. Johnson, J. A. Isaacson, H. Fischer, D. A. Noyes, R. W. Falco, E. Esquerdo, G. A. Knox, R. P. Hinz, P. Lazar, J. Papp, I. Sari, P. TI HAT-P-57b: A SHORT-PERIOD GIANT PLANET TRANSITING A BRIGHT RAPIDLY ROTATING A8V STAR CONFIRMED VIA DOPPLER TOMOGRAPHY SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; stars: individual (HAT-P-57); techniques: photometric; techniques: spectroscopic ID INTERMEDIATE-MASS STARS; LINE-PROFILE TOMOGRAPHY; SPIN-ORBIT ALIGNMENT; A-TYPE STARS; HOT JUPITERS; LIGHT CURVES; F-STAR; SOPHIE VELOCIMETRY; EXOPLANET TRANSITS; MODEL ATMOSPHERES AB We present the discovery of HAT-P-57b, a P = 2.4653 day transiting planet around a V = 10.465 +/- 0.029 mag, T-eff = 7500 +/- 250 K main sequence A8V star with a projected rotation velocity of v sin i = 102.1 +/- 1.3 km s(-1). We measure the radius of the planet to be R = 1.413 +/- 0.054 R-J and, based on RV observations, place a 95% confidence upper limit on its mass of M < 1.85 M-J. Based on theoretical stellar evolution models, the host star has a mass and radius of 1.47 +/- 0.12 M-circle dot and 1.500 +/- 0.050 R-circle dot, respectively. Spectroscopic observations made with Keck-I/HIRES during a partial transit event show the Doppler shadow of HAT-P-57b moving across the average spectral line profile of HAT-P-57, confirming the object as a planetary system. We use these observations, together with analytic formulae that we derive for the line profile distortions, to determine the projected angle between the spin axis of HAT-P-57 and the orbital axis of HAT-P-57b. The data permit two possible solutions, with -16 degrees.7 < lambda < 3 degrees.3 or 27 degrees.6 < lambda < 57 degrees.4 at 95% confidence, and with relative probabilities for the two modes of 26% and 74%, respectively. Adaptive optics imaging with MMT/Clio2 reveals an object located 2 ''.7 from HAT-P-57 consisting of two point sources separated in turn from each other by 0 ''.22. The H- and L'-band magnitudes of the companion stars are consistent with their being physically associated with HAT-P-57, in which case they are stars of mass 0.61 +/- 0.10 M-circle dot and 0.53 +/- 0.08 M-circle dot. HAT-P-57 is the most rapidly rotating star, and only the fourth main sequence A star, known to host a transiting planet. C1 [Hartman, J. D.; Bakos, G. A.; Bhatti, W.; Csubry, Z.; de Val-Borro, M.; Penev, K.; Huang, C. X.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Buchhave, L. A.; Torres, G.; Latham, D. W.; Bieryla, A.; Johnson, J. A.; Noyes, R. W.; Falco, E.; Esquerdo, G. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Buchhave, L. A.] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Kovacs, G.] Konkoly Observ Budapest, Budapest, Hungary. [Beky, B.] Google, Mountain View, CA USA. [Quinn, S. N.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Howard, A. W.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Marcy, G. W.; Isaacson, H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fischer, D. A.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Knox, R. P.; Hinz, P.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Lazar, J.; Papp, I.; Sari, P.] Hungarian Astron Assoc, Budapest, Hungary. RP Hartman, JD (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM jhartman@astro.princeton.edu OI Penev, Kaloyan/0000-0003-4464-1371 FU NASA [NNG04GN74G, NNX13AJ15G, NNX09AB29G, NNX14AE87G, NNX13AQ62G]; NSF [AST-1108686]; Kepler Mission under NASA Cooperative Agreement [NCC2-1390] FX We are grateful to the anonymous referee for their careful review of this paper, including several important comments. HATNet operations have been funded by NASA grants NNG04GN74G and NNX13AJ15G. Follow-up of HATNet targets has been partially supported through NSF grant AST-1108686. G. A. B., Z. C. and K. P. acknowledge partial support from NASA grant NNX09AB29G. J. H. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX14AE87G. K. P. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX13AQ62G. We acknowledge partial support also from the Kepler Mission under NASA Cooperative Agreement NCC2-1390 (D. W. L., PI). We would also like to thank J. Pepper for informing us about the KELT observations of this system. Data presented in this paper are based on observations obtained at the HAT station at the Submillimeter Array of SAO, and the HAT station at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory of SAO. The authors wish to recognize and acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. This paper presents observations made with the Nordic Optical Telescope, operated on the island of La Palma jointly by Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden, in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias. NR 78 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 150 IS 6 AR 197 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/150/6/197 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CY7KZ UT WOS:000366588600032 ER PT J AU Hartman, JD Bhatti, W Bakos, GA Bieryla, A Kovacs, G Latham, DW Csubry, Z de Val-Borro, M Penev, K Buchhave, LA Torres, G Howard, AW Marcy, GW Johnson, JA Isaacson, H Sato, B Boisse, I Falco, E Everett, ME Szklenar, T Fulton, BJ Shporer, A Kovacs, T Hansen, T Beky, B Noyes, RW Lazar, J Papp, I Sari, P AF Hartman, J. D. Bhatti, W. Bakos, G. A. Bieryla, A. Kovacs, G. Latham, D. W. Csubry, Z. de Val-Borro, M. Penev, K. Buchhave, L. A. Torres, G. Howard, A. W. Marcy, G. W. Johnson, J. A. Isaacson, H. Sato, B. Boisse, I. Falco, E. Everett, M. E. Szklenar, T. Fulton, B. J. Shporer, A. Kovacs, T. Hansen, T. Beky, B. Noyes, R. W. Lazar, J. Papp, I. Sari, P. TI HAT-P-50b, HAT-P-51b, HAT-P-52b, AND HAT-P-53b: THREE TRANSITING HOT JUPITERS AND A TRANSITING HOT SATURN FROM THE HATNET SURVEY SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; stars: individual (HAT-P-50, HAT-P-51, HAT-P-52, HAT-P-53); techniques: photometric; techniques: spectroscopic ID UNEQUALLY-SPACED DATA; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; OKAYAMA HIDES; IODINE CELLS; KEPLER FIELD; BRIGHT STAR; SUBARU HDS; TELESCOPE; ALGORITHM; ORBIT AB We report the discovery and characterization of four transiting exoplanets by the HATNet survey. The planet HAT-P-50b has a mass of 1.35 M-J and radius of 1.29 R-J, and orbits a bright (V = 11.8 mag) M = 1.27 M-circle dot, R = 1.70 R-circle dot star every P = 3.1220 days. The planet HAT-P-51b has a mass of 0.31 M-J and radius of 1.29 R-J, and orbits a V = 13.4 mag, M = 0.98 M-circle dot, R = 1.04 R. star with a period of P = 4.2180 days. The planet HAT-P-52b has a mass of 0.82M(J) and radius of 1.01 R-J, and orbits a V = 14.1 mag, M = 0.89 M-circle dot, R = 0.89 R-circle dot star with a period of P = 2.7536 days. The planet HAT-P-53b has a mass of 1.48 M-J and radius of 1.32 R-J, and orbits a V = 13.7 mag, M = 1.09 M-circle dot, R = 1.21R. star with a period of P = 1.9616 days. All four planets are consistent with having circular orbits and have masses and radii measured to better than 10% precision. The low stellar jitter and favorable Rp/R circle dot ratio for HAT-P-51 make it a promising target for measuring the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect for a Saturnmass planet. C1 [Hartman, J. D.; Bhatti, W.; Bakos, G. A.; Csubry, Z.; de Val-Borro, M.; Penev, K.; Kovacs, T.] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Bieryla, A.; Latham, D. W.; Buchhave, L. A.; Torres, G.; Johnson, J. A.; Falco, E.; Beky, B.; Noyes, R. W.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kovacs, G.; Kovacs, T.] Konkoly Observ Budapest, Budapest, Hungary. [Buchhave, L. A.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Buchhave, L. A.] Natl Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Howard, A. W.; Fulton, B. J.] Univ Hawaii, Inst Astron, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Marcy, G. W.; Isaacson, H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Sato, B.] Tokyo Inst Technol, Meguro Ku, Tokyo 1528550, Japan. [Boisse, I.] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, UMR 7326, LAM, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Everett, M. E.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Szklenar, T.; Lazar, J.; Papp, I.; Sari, P.] Hungarian Astron Assoc, Budapest, Hungary. [Shporer, A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Hansen, T.] ZAH, Landessternwarte, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Hartman, JD (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM jhartman@astro.princeton.edu OI Penev, Kaloyan/0000-0003-4464-1371; Bakos, Gaspar/0000-0001-7204-6727; Buchhave, Lars A./0000-0003-1605-5666; Hartman, Joel/0000-0001-8732-6166; Latham, David/0000-0001-9911-7388 FU NASA [NNG04GN74G, NNX08AF23G, NNX13AJ15G, NNX09AB29G, NNX14AF87G, NNX13AQ62G, NNX14AB83G]; NSF [AST-1108686]; Kepler Mission under NASA [NCC2-1390]; Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund FX HATNet operations have been funded by NASA grants NNG04GN74G, NNX08AF23G, and NNX13AJ15G. Follow-up of HATNet targets has been partially supported through NSF grant AST-1108686. G. A. B, Z. C. and K. P. acknowledge partial support from NASA grant NNX09AB29G. J. H. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX14AF87G. K. P. acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX13AQ62G. G. T. acknowledges partial support from NASA grant NNX14AB83G. We acknowledge partial support also from the Kepler Mission under NASA Cooperative Agreement NCC2-1390 (D.W.L., PI). Data presented in this paper are based on observations obtained at the HAT station at the Submillimeter Array of SAO, and the HAT station at the Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory of SAO. The authors wish to acknowledge the very significant cultural role and reverence that the summit of Mauna Kea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are most fortunate to have the opportunity to conduct observations from this mountain. This research has made use of Keck telescope time granted through NOAO (program A245Hr) and NASA (N154Hr, N130Hr). This research was made possible through the use of the AAVSO Photometric All-Sky Survey (APASS), funded by the Robert Martin Ayers Sciences Fund. NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 150 IS 6 AR 168 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/150/6/168 PG 17 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CY7KZ UT WOS:000366588600003 ER PT J AU Rebull, LM Stauffer, JR Cody, AM Gunther, HM Hillenbrand, LA Poppenhaeger, K Wolk, SJ Hora, J Hernandez, J Bayo, A Covey, K Forbrich, J Gutermuth, R Morales-Calderon, M Plavchan, P Song, I Bouy, H Terebey, S Cuillandre, JC Allen, LE AF Rebull, L. M. Stauffer, J. R. Cody, A. M. Guenther, H. M. Hillenbrand, L. A. Poppenhaeger, K. Wolk, S. J. Hora, J. Hernandez, J. Bayo, A. Covey, K. Forbrich, J. Gutermuth, R. Morales-Calderon, M. Plavchan, P. Song, I. Bouy, H. Terebey, S. Cuillandre, J. C. Allen, L. E. TI YSOVAR: MID-INFRARED VARIABILITY IN NGC 1333 SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; stars: pre-main sequence; stars: protostars; stars: variables: general ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; STAR-FORMING REGIONS; T TAURI STARS; FRANCE-HAWAII-TELESCOPE; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; INFRARED VARIABILITY; SUBSTELLAR OBJECTS; LIGHT CURVES; CSI 2264; X-RAY AB As part of the Young Stellar Object VARiability (YSOVAR) program, we monitored NGC 1333 for similar to 35 days at 3.6 and 4.5 mu m using the Spitzer Space Telescope. We report here on the mid-infrared variability of the point sources in the similar to 10' x similar to 20' area centered on 03: 29: 06, +31: 19: 30 (J2000). Out of 701 light curves in either channel, we find 78 variables over the YSOVAR campaign. About half of the members are variable. The variable fraction for the most embedded spectral energy distributions (SEDs) (Class I, flat) is higher than that for less embedded SEDs (Class II), which is in turn higher than the star-like SEDs (Class III). A few objects have amplitudes (10-90th percentile brightness) in [3.6] or [4.5] > 0.2 mag; a more typical amplitude is 0.1-0.15 mag. The largest color change is > 0.2 mag. There are 24 periodic objects, with 40% of them being flat SED class. This may mean that the periodic signal is primarily from the disk, not the photosphere, in those cases. We find 9 variables likely to be "dippers," where texture in the disk occults the central star, and 11 likely to be "bursters," where accretion instabilities create brightness bursts. There are 39 objects that have significant trends in [3.6]-[4.5] color over the campaign, about evenly divided between redder-when-fainter (consistent with extinction variations) and bluer-when-fainter. About a third of the 17 Class 0 and/or jet-driving sources from the literature are variable over the YSOVAR campaign, and a larger fraction (similar to half) are variable between the YSOVAR campaign and the cryogenic-era Spitzer observations (6-7 years), perhaps because it takes time for the envelope to respond to changes in the central source. The NGC 1333 brown dwarfs do not stand out from the stellar light curves in any way except there is a much larger fraction of periodic objects (similar to 60% of variable brown dwarfs are periodic, compared to similar to 30% of the variables overall). C1 [Rebull, L. M.] CALTECH, Infrared Sci Arch IRSA, IPAC, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Rebull, L. M.; Stauffer, J. R.; Cody, A. M.] CALTECH, SSC, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Cody, A. M.] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Guenther, H. M.; Poppenhaeger, K.; Wolk, S. J.; Hora, J.; Forbrich, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Guenther, H. M.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Hillenbrand, L. A.] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Hernandez, J.] Ctr Invest Astron, Merida 5101, Venezuela. [Bayo, A.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Bayo, A.] Univ Valparaiso, Fac Ciencias, Dept Fis & Astron, Valparaiso 5030, Chile. [Covey, K.] Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Covey, K.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Forbrich, J.] Univ Vienna, Dept Astrophys, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Gutermuth, R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Morales-Calderon, M.; Bouy, H.] Ctr Astrobiol INTA CSIC, Dept Astrofis, E-28691 Villanueva De La Canada, Spain. [Plavchan, P.] CALTECH, NASA Exoplanet Sci Inst NExScI, IPAC, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Plavchan, P.] Missouri State Univ, Springfield, MO 65897 USA. [Song, I.] Univ Georgia, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Terebey, S.] Calif State Univ Los Angeles, Dept Phys & Astron, Los Angeles, CA 90032 USA. [Cuillandre, J. C.] Canada France Hawaii Telescope Corp, Kamuela, HI 96743 USA. [Allen, L. E.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Rebull, LM (reprint author), CALTECH, Infrared Sci Arch IRSA, IPAC, 1200 E Calif Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. EM rebull@ipac.caltech.edu RI Bouy, Herve/H-2913-2012; Morales-Calderon, Maria/C-8384-2017; OI Bouy, Herve/0000-0002-7084-487X; Morales-Calderon, Maria/0000-0001-9526-9499; Poppenhaeger, Katja/0000-0003-1231-2194; Gunther, Hans Moritz/0000-0003-4243-2840; Wolk, Scott/0000-0002-0826-9261; Rebull, Luisa/0000-0001-6381-515X; Covey, Kevin/0000-0001-6914-7797 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration; National Science Foundation; Proyecto Fondecyt de Iniciacion [11140572]; Ramon y Cajal fellowship program [RYC-2009-04497]; Spanish grants [AYA2012-38897-C02-01, AYA2010-21161-C02-02, CDS2006-00070, PRICITS2009/ESP-1496] FX This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. Support for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech. The research described in this paper was partially carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The scientific results reported in this article are based in part on data obtained from the Chandra Data Archive including, observations made by the Chandra X-ray Observatory and published previously in cited articles. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System (ADS) Abstract Service, and of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. This research has made use of data products from the Two Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS), which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation. The 2MASS data are served by the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Brevis esse laboro osbcurus fio. (Horace).; A. Bayo acknowledges financial support from the Proyecto Fondecyt de Iniciacion 11140572.; H. Bouy is funded by the the Ramon y Cajal fellowship program number RYC-2009-04497. This research has been funded by Spanish grants AYA2012-38897-C02-01, AYA2010-21161-C02-02, CDS2006-00070 and PRICITS2009/ESP-1496. This work used Topcat (Taylor 2005) and Stilts (Taylor 2006). Based in part on data collected at Subaru Telescope and obtained from the SMOKA, which is operated by the Astronomy Data Center, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. This research used the facilities of the Canadian Astronomy Data Centre operated by the National Research Council of Canada with the support of the Canadian Space Agency. Based on observations obtained with MegaPrime/MegaCam, a joint project of CFHT and CEA/DAPNIA, at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) which is operated by the National Research Council (NRC) of Canada, the Institute National des Sciences de l'Univers of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique of France, and the University of Hawaii. NR 87 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 150 IS 6 AR 175 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/150/6/175 PG 37 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CY7KZ UT WOS:000366588600010 ER PT J AU Tingay, SJ Trott, CM Wayth, RB Bernardi, G Bowman, JD Briggs, F Cappallo, RJ Deshpande, AA Feng, L Gaensler, BM Greenhill, LJ Hancock, PJ Hazelton, BJ Johnston-Hollitt, M Kaplan, DL Lonsdale, CJ McWhirter, SR Mitchell, DA Morales, MF Morgan, E Murphy, T Oberoi, D Prabu, T Shankar, NU Srivani, KS Subrahmanyan, R Webster, RL Williams, A Williams, CL AF Tingay, S. J. Trott, C. M. Wayth, R. B. Bernardi, G. Bowman, J. D. Briggs, F. Cappallo, R. J. Deshpande, A. A. Feng, L. Gaensler, B. M. Greenhill, L. J. Hancock, P. J. Hazelton, B. J. Johnston-Hollitt, M. Kaplan, D. L. Lonsdale, C. J. McWhirter, S. R. Mitchell, D. A. Morales, M. F. Morgan, E. Murphy, T. Oberoi, D. Prabu, T. Shankar, N. Udaya Srivani, K. S. Subrahmanyan, R. Webster, R. L. Williams, A. Williams, C. L. TI A SEARCH FOR FAST RADIO BURSTS AT LOW FREQUENCIES WITH MURCHISON WIDEFIELD ARRAY HIGH TIME RESOLUTION IMAGING SO ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE instrumentation: interferometers; ISM: structure; methods: observational; radio continuum: general; techniques: image processing ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; V-FASTR; TRANSIENTS; PULSES; LIMITS AB We present the results of a pilot study search for fast radio bursts (FRBs) using the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) at low frequencies (139-170 MHz). We utilized MWA data obtained in a routine imaging mode from observations where the primary target was a field being studied for Epoch of Reionization detection. We formed images with 2 s time resolution and 1.28. MHz frequency resolution for 10.5 hr of observations, over 400 square degrees of the sky. We de-dispersed the dynamic spectrum in each of 372,100 resolution elements of 2 x 2 arcmin(2), between dispersion measures of 170 and 675 pc cm(-3). Based on the event rate calculations in Trott et al., which assume a standard candle luminosity of 8 x 10(37) Js(-1), we predict that with this choice of observational parameters, the MWA should detect (similar to 10, similar to 2, similar to 0) FRBs with spectral indices corresponding to (-2, -1, 0), based on a 7 sigma detection threshold. We find no FRB candidates above this threshold from our search, placing an event rate limit of <700 above 700 Jy ms per day per sky and providing evidence against spectral indices alpha < -1.2 (S proportional to nu(alpha)). We compare our event rate and spectral index limits with others from the literature. We briefly discuss these limits in light of recent suggestions that supergiant pulses from young neutron stars could explain FRBs. We find that such supergiant pulses would have to have much flatter spectra between 150 and 1400 MHz than have been observed from Crab giant pulses to be consistent with the FRB spectral index limit we derive. C1 [Tingay, S. J.; Trott, C. M.; Wayth, R. B.; Hancock, P. J.; Williams, A.] Curtin Univ, ICRAR, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia. [Tingay, S. J.; Trott, C. M.; Wayth, R. B.; Briggs, F.; Gaensler, B. M.; Hancock, P. J.; Mitchell, D. A.; Murphy, T.; Subrahmanyan, R.; Webster, R. L.] ARC Ctr Excellence All Sky Astrophys CAASTRO, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Bernardi, G.] SKA SA, ZA-7405 Pinelands, South Africa. [Bernardi, G.; Greenhill, L. J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bernardi, G.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Phys & Elect, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Bowman, J. D.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Briggs, F.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT 2611, Australia. [Cappallo, R. J.; Lonsdale, C. J.; McWhirter, S. R.] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Deshpande, A. A.; Prabu, T.; Shankar, N. Udaya; Srivani, K. S.; Subrahmanyan, R.] Raman Res Inst, Bangalore 560080, Karnataka, India. [Feng, L.; Morgan, E.; Williams, C. L.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Gaensler, B. M.; Murphy, T.] Univ Sydney, Sch Phys, Sydney Inst Astron, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Gaensler, B. M.] Univ Toronto, Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Hazelton, B. J.; Morales, M. F.] Univ Washington, Dept Phys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Johnston-Hollitt, M.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand. [Kaplan, D. L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Mitchell, D. A.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci CASS, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Oberoi, D.] Tata Inst Fundamental Res, Natl Ctr Radio Astrophys, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India. [Webster, R. L.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Phys, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. RP Tingay, SJ (reprint author), Curtin Univ, ICRAR, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia. RI Wayth, Randall/B-2444-2013; Udayashankar , N/D-4901-2012; Subrahmanyan, Ravi/D-4889-2012; M, Manjunath/N-4000-2014; Trott, Cathryn/B-5325-2013; Deshpande, Avinash/D-4868-2012; OI Wayth, Randall/0000-0002-6995-4131; M, Manjunath/0000-0001-8710-0730; Trott, Cathryn/0000-0001-6324-1766; Murphy, Tara/0000-0002-2686-438X; Gaensler, Bryan/0000-0002-3382-9558; Hancock, Paul/0000-0002-4203-2946 FU Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Researcher Fellowship [DE140100316]; U.S. National Science Foundation [AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER-0847753, AST-0908884]; Australian Research Council (LIEF) [LE0775621, LE0882938]; U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-0510247]; Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence) [CE110001020]; Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; MIT School of Science; Raman Research Institute; Australian National University; Victoria University of Wellington from the New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development [MED-E1799]; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO); National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy; Education Investment Fund; Australia India Strategic Research Fund; Astronomy Australia Limited; NVIDIA at Harvard University; International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR); Joint Venture of Curtin University; University of Western Australia - Western Australian State government; IBM Shared University Research Grant FX C.M.T. is supported by an Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Researcher Fellowship (DE140100316). This scientific work makes use of the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory, operated by CSIRO. We acknowledge the Wajarri Yamatji people as the traditional owners of the Observatory site. Support for the MWA comes from the U.S. National Science Foundation (grants AST-0457585, PHY-0835713, CAREER-0847753, and AST-0908884), the Australian Research Council (LIEF grants LE0775621 and LE0882938), the U.S. Air Force Office of Scientific Research (grant FA9550-0510247), and the Centre for All-sky Astrophysics (an Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence funded by grant CE110001020). Support is also provided by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, the MIT School of Science, the Raman Research Institute, the Australian National University, and the Victoria University of Wellington (via grant MED-E1799 from the New Zealand Ministry of Economic Development and an IBM Shared University Research Grant). The Australian Federal government provides additional support via the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy, Education Investment Fund, and the Australia India Strategic Research Fund, and Astronomy Australia Limited, under contract to Curtin University. We acknowledge the iVEC Petabyte Data Store, the Initiative in Innovative Computing and the CUDA Center for Excellence sponsored by NVIDIA at Harvard University, and the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), a Joint Venture of Curtin University and The University of Western Australia, funded by the Western Australian State government. NR 47 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-6256 EI 1538-3881 J9 ASTRON J JI Astron. J. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 150 IS 6 AR 199 DI 10.1088/0004-6256/150/6/199 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CY7KZ UT WOS:000366588600034 ER PT J AU Myers, AD Palanque-Delabrouille, N Prakash, A Paris, I Yeche, C Dawson, KS Bovy, J Lang, D Schlegel, DJ Newman, JA Petitjean, P Kneib, JP Laurent, P Percival, WJ Ross, AJ Seo, HJ Tinker, JL Armengaud, E Brownstein, J Burtin, E Cai, Z Comparat, J Kasliwal, M Kulkarni, SR Laher, R Levitan, D McBride, CK McGreer, ID Miller, AA Nugent, P Ofek, E Rossi, G Ruan, J Schneider, DP Sesar, B Streblyanska, F Surace, J AF Myers, Adam D. Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie Prakash, Abhishek Paris, Isabelle Yeche, Christophe Dawson, Kyle S. Bovy, Jo Lang, Dustin Schlegel, David J. Newman, Jeffrey A. Petitjean, Patrick Kneib, Jean-Paul Laurent, Pierre Percival, Will J. Ross, Ashley J. Seo, Hee-Jong Tinker, Jeremy L. Armengaud, Eric Brownstein, Joel Burtin, Etienne Cai, Zheng Comparat, Johan Kasliwal, Mansi Kulkarni, Shrinivas R. Laher, Russ Levitan, David McBride, Cameron K. McGreer, Ian D. Miller, Adam A. Nugent, Peter Ofek, Eran Rossi, Graziano Ruan, John Schneider, Donald P. Sesar, Branimir Streblyanska, Fklina Surace, Jason TI THE SDSS-IV EXTENDED BARYON OSCILLATION SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY: QUASAR TARGET SELECTION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES LA English DT Article DE catalogs; cosmology: observations; galaxies: distances and redshifts; galaxies: photometry; methods: data analysis; quasars: general ID DIGITAL-SKY-SURVEY; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; INTERMEDIATE-REDSHIFT QUASARS; SURVEY PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEM; FAINT BLUE OBJECTS; BLACK-HOLE MASSES; 7TH DATA RELEASE; LY-ALPHA FOREST; LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; STELLAR OBJECTS AB As part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) IV the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) will improve measurements of the cosmological distance scale by applying the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) method to quasar samples. eBOSS will adopt two approaches to target quasars over 7500 deg(2). First, a "CORE" quasar sample will combine the optical selection in ugriz using a likelihood-based routine called XDQSOz, with a mid-IR-optical color cut. eBOSS CORE selection (to g < 22 or r < 22) should return similar to 70 deg(-2) quasars at redshifts 0.9 < z < 2.2 and similar to 7 deg(-2)z > 2.1 quasars. Second, a selection based on variability in multi-epoch imaging from the Palomar Transient Factory should recover an additional similar to 3-4 deg(-2)z > 2.1 quasars to g < 22.5 A linear model of how imaging systematics affect target density recovers the angular distribution of eBOSS CORE quasars over 96.7% (76.7%) of the SDSS north (south) Galactic Cap area. The eBOSS CORE quasar sample should thus be sufficiently dense and homogeneous over 0.9. <. z. <. 2.2 to yield the first few-percent-level BAO constraint near <(z)over bar> similar to 1.5. eBOSS quasars at z > 2.1 will be used to improve BAO measurements in the Ly alpha Forest. Beyond its key cosmological goals, eBOSS should be the next-generation quasar survey, comprising > 500,000 new quasars and >500,000 uniformly selected spectroscopically confirmed 0.9 < z < 2.2 quasars. At the conclusion of eBOSS, the SDSS will have provided unique spectra for more than 800,000 quasars. C1 [Myers, Adam D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie; Yeche, Christophe; Laurent, Pierre; Armengaud, Eric; Burtin, Etienne] CEA, Irfu SPP, Ctr Saclay, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Prakash, Abhishek; Newman, Jeffrey A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Phys & Astron, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Prakash, Abhishek; Newman, Jeffrey A.] Univ Pittsburgh, PITT PACC, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Paris, Isabelle] Osserv Astron Trieste, INAF, I-34131 Trieste, IT, Italy. [Dawson, Kyle S.; Brownstein, Joel] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Bovy, Jo] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. [Lang, Dustin] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Bruce & Astrid McWilliams Ctr Cosmol, Dept Phys, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Schlegel, David J.; Nugent, Peter] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Petitjean, Patrick] UPMC, CNRS, Inst Astrophys Paris, UMR 7095, F-75014 Paris, France. [Kneib, Jean-Paul] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Observ Sauverny, Astrophys Lab, CH-1290 Versoix, Switzerland. [Kneib, Jean-Paul] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Percival, Will J.; Ross, Ashley J.] Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England. [Ross, Ashley J.] Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & AstroParticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Seo, Hee-Jong] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA. [Tinker, Jeremy L.] NYU, Ctr Cosmol & Particle Phys, Dept Phys, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Cai, Zheng; McGreer, Ian D.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Comparat, Johan] Univ Autonoma Madrid, CSIC, Inst Fis Teor, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. [Kasliwal, Mansi] Carnegie Inst Sci, Observ, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.; Miller, Adam A.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Laher, Russ; Surace, Jason] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Levitan, David] CALTECH, Div Phys Math & Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [McBride, Cameron K.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Miller, Adam A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Nugent, Peter] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ofek, Eran] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Particle Phys & Astrophys, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Rossi, Graziano] Sejong Univ, Dept Astron & Space Sci, Seoul 143747, South Korea. [Ruan, John] Univ Washington, Dept Astron, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Davey Lab 525, University Pk, PA USA. [Schneider, Donald P.] Penn State Univ, Inst Gravitat & Cosmos, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Sesar, Branimir] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Streblyanska, Fklina] IAC, E-38200 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. [Streblyanska, Fklina] Univ La Laguna, Dept Astrofis, E-38206 San Cristobal la Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. RP Myers, AD (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Phys & Astron, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM amyers14@uwyo.edu RI EPFL, Physics/O-6514-2016 FU Alexander von Humboldt Foundation at the Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie; NASA-ADAP awards [NNX12AI49G, NNX12AE38G]; NSF [1211112, 1515404]; ERC; National Aeronautics and Space Administration; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science; Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah FX We are grateful for insightful discussions about quasar selection statistics with Joe Hennawi, David Hogg, and Gordon Richards. A.D.M. acknowledges a generous research fellowship from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation at the Max-Planck-Institut fur Astronomie and was supported in part by NASA-ADAP awards NNX12AI49G and NNX12AE38G and by NSF awards 1211112 and 1515404. J.P.K. acknowledges support from the ERC advanced grant LIDA.; This paper includes targets derived from the images of the Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer, which is a joint project of the University of California, Los Angeles, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.; This paper represents an effort by both the SDSS-III and SDSS-IV collaborations. Funding for SDSS-III was provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the Participating Institutions, the National Science Foundation, and the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. Funding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, and the Participating Institutions. SDSS-IV acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High-Performance Computing at the University of Utah. The SDSS web site is www.sdss.org. NR 141 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0067-0049 EI 1538-4365 J9 ASTROPHYS J SUPPL S JI Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 221 IS 2 AR 27 DI 10.1088/0067-0049/221/2/27 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CY7WV UT WOS:000366620900005 ER PT J AU Tonra, CM Sager-Fradkin, K Morley, SA Duda, JJ Marra, PP AF Tonra, Christopher M. Sager-Fradkin, Kimberly Morley, Sarah A. Duda, Jeffrey J. Marra, Peter P. TI The rapid return of marine-derived nutrients to a freshwater food web following dam removal SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE American dipper; Cinclus mexicanus; Elwha River; Salmon; Stable isotopes; Oncorhynchus spp. ID SPAWNING PACIFIC SALMON; ECOSYSTEMS; DELTA-N-15; PERIPHYTON; CARCASSES; SUBSIDIES; GROWTH AB Dam removal is increasingly being recognized as a viable river restoration action. Although the main beneficiaries of restored connectivity are often migratory fish populations, little is known regarding recovery of other parts of the freshwater food web, particularly terrestrial components. We measured stable isotopes in key components to the freshwater food web: salmon, freshwater macroinvertebrates and a river specialist bird, American dipper (Cinclus mexicanus), before and after removal of the Elwha Dam, WA, USA. Less than a year after dam removal, salmon returned to the system and released marine-derived nutrients (MDN). In that same year we documented an increase in stable-nitrogen and carbon isotope ratios in American dippers. These results indicate that MDN from anadromous fish, an important nutrient subsidy that crosses the aquatic-terrestrial boundary, can return rapidly to food webs after dams are removed which is an important component of ecosystem recovery. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tonra, Christopher M.; Marra, Peter P.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Tonra, Christopher M.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Sager-Fradkin, Kimberly] Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe, Dept Nat Resources, Port Angeles, WA USA. [Morley, Sarah A.] NOAA Fisheries, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Duda, Jeffrey J.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. RP Tonra, CM (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM tonra.1@osu.edu RI Tonra, Christopher/B-1620-2013 FU USFWS Tribal Wildlife Research grant [WA U-26-NA-1]; Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe; NOAA's Open Rivers Initiative; U.S. Geological Survey; Smithsonian Stable Isotope Research Fellowship; Didden Conservation Biology Fellowship FX Funding was provided by a USFWS Tribal Wildlife Research grant to Marra and Sager-Fradkin (WA U-26-NA-1), the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe and NOAA's Open Rivers Initiative to Morley, U.S. Geological Survey to Duda, and a Smithsonian Stable Isotope Research Fellowship and Didden Conservation Biology Fellowship to Tonra. We are grateful to Olympic National Park Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, and the Natural Resources staff of the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe. We wish to thank James Adelman, Dave Manson, Rebecca Paradis, Larry Ward, Alexander Stevankiv and Sara Cendejas-Zarelli for field and lab assistance and Christine France for her contribution to stable isotope analysis. This manuscript benefitted from reviews by George Pess, Lisa Wetzel and two anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 38 U2 88 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 192 BP 130 EP 134 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2015.09.009 PG 5 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CY6TB UT WOS:000366540600015 ER PT J AU Pistone, M Caricchi, L Fife, JL Mader, K Ulmer, P AF Pistone, Mattia Caricchi, Luca Fife, Julie L. Mader, Kevin Ulmer, Peter TI In situ X-ray tomographic microscopy observations of vesiculation of bubble-free and bubble-bearing magmas SO BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Magmas; Vesiculation; Bubbles; Degassing; Outgassing; Synchrotron; X-ray; Experiments; Volcanic eruption style ID EXPERIMENTAL CONSTRAINTS; VOLCANIC-ERUPTIONS; SURFACE-TENSION; RHYOLITE MAGMA; HIGH-PRESSURE; WATER; MELTS; DECOMPRESSION; GROWTH; FLOW AB Magma degassing is thought to play a major role in magma fractionation, transport, storage, and volcanic eruption dynamics. However, the conditions that determine when and how magma degassing operates prior to and during an eruption remain poorly constrained. We performed experiments to explore if the initial presence of gas bubbles in magma influences the capability of gas to escape from the magma. Vesiculation of natural H2O-poor (<< 1 wt.%) silicic obsidian glasses was investigated by in situ, high-temperature (above the glass transition) experiments using synchrotron-based Xray tomographic microscopy with high spatial (3 mu m/pixel) and temporal resolution (1 second per 3D dataset). As a validation, a second set of experiments was performed on identical starting materials using a Karl-Fisher titration setup to quantify the amount of extracted gas that escapes via volatile diffusion and/or bubble coalescence during vesiculation. In both sets of experiments, vesiculation was triggered by heating the samples at room pressure. Our results suggest that the presence of pre-existing gas bubbles during a nucleation event significantly decreases the tendency of bubbles to coalesce and inhibits magma outgassing. In contrast, in initially bubble-free samples, the nucleation and growth of bubbles is accompanied by significant coalescence and outgassing. We infer that volatile-undersaturated (i.e. bubble-free) magmas in the reservoirs are more likely to erupt effusively, while the presence of excess gas already at depth (i.e. bubble-bearing systems) increases the likelihood of explosive eruptions. C1 [Pistone, Mattia; Ulmer, Peter] ETH, Dept Earth Sci, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Pistone, Mattia] Univ Bristol, Sch Earth Sci, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England. [Pistone, Mattia] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Caricchi, Luca] Univ Geneva, Sect Earth & Environm Sci, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland. [Fife, Julie L.; Mader, Kevin] Paul Scherrer Inst, Swiss Light Source, Villigen, Switzerland. [Mader, Kevin] ETH, Inst Biomed Engn, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Mader, Kevin] Univ Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Pistone, M (reprint author), ETH, Dept Earth Sci, Clausiusstr 25, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. EM PistoneM@si.edu OI Pistone, Mattia/0000-0001-7560-3146 FU Swiss National Science Foundation [200020-120221]; CCMX; PSI FX Swiss National Science Foundation (grant 200020-120221) supported the present research. We wish to thank: G. Mikuljan, U. Graber and B. Buse for the technical support at the TOMCAT beamline, ETH-Zurich, and University of Bristol respectively; P. Benson, B.S.G. Almqvist, and C. Madonna for assisting at the TOMCAT beamline; A. Rust and B. Andrews for fruitful discussions; two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the earlier version of the manuscript; the Associate Editor J. Taddeucci for editorial handling. J.L. Fife also acknowledges the CCMX and PSI for funding the development of the laser-based heating system. This work is dedicated to Luigi Burlini. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0258-8900 EI 1432-0819 J9 B VOLCANOL JI Bull. Volcanol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 77 IS 12 AR 108 DI 10.1007/s00445-015-0992-1 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA CY8CD UT WOS:000366635200001 ER PT J AU Arratia, G Johnson, GD AF Arratia, Gloria Johnson, G. David TI Fishes and Morphology Today: An Introduction SO COPEIA LA English DT Editorial Material AB Our primary goal in organizing the symposium "Fishes and Morphology Today" (Albuquerque, 14-15 July 2013) and editing these symposium proceedings in Copeia is to showcase the results of current morphological studies and their impact on our understanding of different groups of fishes and their evolutionary history. Morphology remains key to taxonomic, systematic, and evolutionary studies of extant and fossil fishes (and all other organisms) as was convincingly illustrated by contributions on extant and fossil fishes presented in the symposium and now in these symposium proceedings. Here we emphasize and promote the value of morphological research. This effort and others from the worldwide fish community, together with genomic and molecular studies, effectively contribute to the Tree of Life of Fishes and to training programs on biodiversity. Without the underpinnings of a morphological perspective in systematics and evolutionary history, there are few engaging questions to ask. Furthermore, the more we know about the morphology, the more engaging the questions become. C1 [Arratia, Gloria] Univ Kansas, Biodivers Inst, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Johnson, G. David] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Arratia, G (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Biodivers Inst, Dyche Hall,1345 Jayhawk Blvd, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. EM garratia@ku.edu; johnsond@si.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS PI MIAMI PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200 SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA SN 0045-8511 EI 1938-5110 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD DEC PY 2015 VL 103 IS 4 BP 725 EP 726 DI 10.1643/CG-15-314 PG 2 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CY8SX UT WOS:000366679700001 ER PT J AU Carnevale, G Johnson, GD AF Carnevale, Giorgio Johnson, G. David TI A Cretaceous Cusk-Eel (Teleostei, Ophidiiformes) from Italy and the Mesozoic Diversification of Percomorph Fishes SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID OPHIDIOID FISH; FOSSIL RECORD; GENUS; PHYLOGENY; MIOCENE; ACANTHOMORPHA; BYTHITIDAE AB Cusk-eels of the order Ophidiiformes are a morphologically diverse assemblage of eel-like, elongate, posteriorly tapering percomorph fishes that occur worldwide in marine waters, from tropical reef areas to the deep sea. The about 400 extant and fossil species included in the ophidiiform clade are arranged into two main lineages, Bythitoidei and Ophidioidei, based on reproductive biology and the position of the anterior nostrils. The anatomy and phylogenetic relationships of these fishes are largely unknown, and the fossil record has not provided substantial information about the earliest phases of their evolutionary history. dagger Pastorius methenyi, new genus and species, the oldest member of the Ophidiiformes based on articulated skeletal remains, is described herein based on a single specimen collected from the Campanian-Maastrichtian organic-rich laminated limestone of the Liburnica Formation outcropping near the village of Trebiciano, north-eastern Italy. The comparative analysis of osteological and meristic features indicates that dagger Pastorius methenyi is characterized by at least one of the probable ophidiiform synapomorphies (exclusion of the supraoccipital from the posterior cranial margin by substantial posterodorsal extension of the exoccipitals) and exhibits a unique combination of characters, including a posteriorly broadly expanded maxilla; supramaxilla present; eight branchiostegals; 39 vertebrae; first neural spine shorter than those following; neural arch of first vertebra feebly connected to the first vertebral centrum though a narrow pedestal of bone; anterior abdominal vertebrae ostensibly lacking expanded ribs; caudal skeleton with ostensibly fused first preural, first ural centrum, first uroneural, and ventral hypural plate, and ostensibly fused second ural centrum and dorsal hypural plate, autogenous parhypural, and two epurals; caudal fin free, with 13 rays; a single ossified supraneural located in front of the second neural spine; and notably reduced number of dorsal-and anal-fin rays. dagger Pastorius is placed as the sister-group of all recent bythitoids, even if some features might indicate that it represents the sister-group of all ophidiiforms. dagger Pastorius provides the first unequivocal evidence that percomorphs with very elongate and compressed bodies were in existence in the Cretaceous, indicating that this group was characterized by a very high disparity and a vast diversification of bodyplans well before the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction. C1 [Carnevale, Giorgio] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Sci Terra, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Johnson, G. David] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Div Fishes, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Carnevale, G (reprint author), Univ Turin, Dipartimento Sci Terra, Via Valperga Caluso 35, I-10125 Turin, Italy. EM giorgio.carnevale@unito.it; johnsond@si.edu FU Smithsonian Short-term Fellowship; Universita degli Studi di Torino FX Many thanks go to P. Loubry and C. Lemzaouda (Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris) for the excellent photographs of the fossil. At the Smithsonian Institution (USNM), we are particularly obliged to J. C. Tyler for his invaluable support during the development of this project, to S. Raredon for the large and excellent array of radiographs of extant ophidiiforms used for comparative purposes, and to A. Nonaka for help with photographs of cleared-and-stained material. Many thanks go to G. Arratia, N. K. Schnell, and J. C. Tyler for constructive advice on improving the manuscript. A visit to Washington by one of us (G. C.) in the summer of 2012 was supported by a Smithsonian Short-term Fellowship. This work was supported in part by grants (ex-60% 2012-2013) to GC from the Universita degli Studi di Torino. NR 102 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS PI MIAMI PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200 SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA SN 0045-8511 EI 1938-5110 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD DEC PY 2015 VL 103 IS 4 BP 771 EP 791 DI 10.1643/CI-15-236 PG 21 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CY8SX UT WOS:000366679700005 ER PT J AU Parenti, LR Grier, HJ Uribe, M AF Parenti, Lynne R. Grier, Harry J. Uribe, MariCarmen TI Reproductive Biology of Chlorophthalmus agassizi Bonaparte, 1840 (Teleostei: Aulopiformes: Chlorophthalmidae) as Revealed through Histology of Archival Museum Specimens SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID OVARIAN GERMINAL EPITHELIUM; COMMON SNOOK; OOCYTE DEVELOPMENT; SPAWNING SEASON; GONAD STRUCTURE; FISHES; FOLLICULOGENESIS; SCIAENIDAE; REGRESSION; EVOLUTION AB Teleost fishes exhibit a range of spawning modes that differ among the recruitment and timing of release of gametes. Oocyte staging is critical for understanding when females will spawn and in what spawning mode. Most of the data on reproductive biology of marine fishes is generated by fisheries biologists using specimens that are not archived in museum collections. We turned to these collections to investigate reproductive biology, including spawning mode and frequency, in the deep-sea hermaphrodite, the Shortnose Green Eye, Chlorophthalmus agassizi. Histological examination of specimens preserved over 50 years ago revealed both ovarian and testicular tissues in an ovotestis. Simultaneous activity of the female germinal epithelium and ongoing oocyte maturation and ovulation in these fishes which were preserved while spawning constitutes the basic mechanism of the asynchronous spawning mode in fishes: the germinal epithelium produces new follicles during or between spawning events. Well-preserved, archival museum specimens can provide information on reproductive biology for many taxa, especially rare species, which may never be the subject of detailed fisheries biology studies. C1 [Parenti, Lynne R.; Grier, Harry J.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Grier, Harry J.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [Uribe, MariCarmen] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Ciencias, Dept Biol Comparada, Lab Biol Reprod, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Parenti, LR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, POB 37012,NHB MRC 159, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM parentil@si.edu; harry.grier@myfwc.com; mari3uribe3@gmail.com FU Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Chair in Systematic Ichthyology in the Division of Fishes (USNM) FX The Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Chair in Systematic Ichthyology in the Division of Fishes (USNM) supported the preparation and publication of this paper. H. Wimer and N. Perry skillfully prepared histological slides. S. Raredon photographed the fish in Figure 1. J. Clark prepared Figures 2-11. J. Clayton provided additional valuable technical assistance. Some of the ideas discussed here were presented in two ASIH symposia, "Origin and phylogenetic interrelationships of teleosts" (2007) and "Fishes and Morphology Today" (2013). We thank G. Arratia and G. D. Johnson for the invitation to contribute a paper to this volume. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS PI MIAMI PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200 SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA SN 0045-8511 EI 1938-5110 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD DEC PY 2015 VL 103 IS 4 BP 821 EP 837 DI 10.1643/CG-15-256 PG 17 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CY8SX UT WOS:000366679700008 ER PT J AU Johnson, GD Schnell, NK AF Johnson, G. David Schnell, Nalani K. TI Development of the Rostrum and Upper Jaws in Squirrelfishes and Soldierfishes (Beryciformes: Holocentridae): A Unique Ontogenetic Trajectory SO COPEIA LA English DT Article ID DANIO-RERIO; OSTEOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT; POPULATION CONNECTIVITY; LIFE-HISTORIES; LARVAE; FISH; TELEOSTEI; ZEBRAFISH; OSTARIOPHYSI; OSSIFICATION AB The Holocentridae are nocturnal fishes inhabiting shallow to deep water coral and rocky reefs in the tropical parts of the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. They comprise two subfamilies, the squirrelfishes (Holocentrinae) and the soldierfishes (Myripristinae). Unlike the adults, holocentrid larvae are pelagic and are characterized by elaborate head spination, including a prominent rostrum and supraoccipital, preopercular, and opercular spines. The rostrum, formed by fused or separate nasal bones, can project far anterior to the mouth and is supported by a large, bulbous ethmoid cartilage. The spine-bearing bones, the lower jaw bones, and one pair of upper jaw bones (maxillae) are the first to ossify (at 1.2 mm NL). In several cleared-and-double-stained ontogenetic series of Holocentridae (1.2 mm NL-35.0 mm SL), we found that the other pair of upper jaw bones (premaxillae) exhibits a unique ontogenetic trajectory. The premaxillae develop late (between 5.9 mm and 6.6 mm), well after the other jaw bones and head spines are developed, and most of the remaining skeleton is ossified. Furthermore, the protuberant ethmoid cartilage precludes effective upper jaw protrusion until the larvae reach ca. 35mm SL. In most marine fishes, all jaw bones ossify simultaneously very early in development along with the caudal fin and pectoral girdles, thus ensuring the ability to swim and feed immediately after hatching. We describe the jaw and rostrum development in holocentrids, compare it with that of tilefishes (Malacanthidae), the only other teleost in which the larvae have a rostrum comprising the nasal bones, and discuss the implications. C1 [Johnson, G. David] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Div Fishes, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Schnell, Nalani K.] Univ Paris 04, Museum Natl Hist Nat, ISYEB UMR CNRS MNHN UPMC EPHE 7205, Inst Systemat,Evolut,Biodiversite, F-75005 Paris, France. RP Johnson, GD (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Div Fishes, POB 37012,MRC 0159, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM johnsond@si.edu; nschnell@mnhn.fr FU Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Chair in Systematic Ichthyology in the Division of Fishes FX For images, access to specimens and permission to clear and stain the specimens examined, we thank Karsten Hartel and Andy Williston (MCZ), Gento Shinohara (NSMT), Kim Williams (SEAMAP), Cedric Guigand and Joel Llopiz (RSMAS), Bob Cowen (Hatfieled Marine Science Center, OSU), Jeff Williams and Jeff Clayton (NMNH). For patient assistance during the project we are grateful to Ai Nonaka (NMNH). For discussion and examination of stomach contents in larval holocentrids we thank Joel Llopiz (RSMAS). For otolith aging we are grateful to Ed Brothers (EFS Consultants). Helpful discussion on the validity of the genus Lampanyctus was provided by John Paxton (AMS). For comments that improved the manuscript we thank Laura Habegger (USF), Bill Smith-Vaniz (FLMNH), Jim Tyler (NMNH), Mike Fahay (NMFS), and Geoff Moser (NMFS). This study was initiated during a Smithsonian Predoctoral Fellowship (2008) of NKS in the Division of Fishes at the National Museum of Natural History and further supported by the Herbert R. and Evelyn Axelrod Chair in Systematic Ichthyology in the Division of Fishes. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC ICHTHYOLOGISTS & HERPETOLOGISTS PI MIAMI PA MAUREEN DONNELLY, SECRETARY FLORIDA INT UNIV BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 11200 SW 8TH STREET, MIAMI, FL 33199 USA SN 0045-8511 EI 1938-5110 J9 COPEIA JI Copeia PD DEC PY 2015 VL 103 IS 4 BP 902 EP 919 DI 10.1643/CG-15-260 PG 18 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CY8SX UT WOS:000366679700013 ER PT J AU Richards, RC Rerolle, J Aronson, J Pereira, PH Goncalyes, H Brancalion, PHS AF Richards, Ryan C. Rerolle, Julia Aronson, James Pereira, Paulo Henrique Goncalyes, Helena Brancalion, Pedro H. S. TI Governing a pioneer program on payment for watershed services: Stakeholder involvement, legal frameworks and early lessons from the Atlantic forest of Brazil SO ECOSYSTEM SERVICES LA English DT Article DE Payment for ecosystem services; Participation; Environmental compliance; Forest restoration; PES governance; PES legislation; PES financing; Water policy ID SCALE ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT; SET-ASIDES; ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES; SCHEME PARTICIPATION; THRESHOLDS; BENEFITS; EVALUATE; COSTS AB Increasing acceptance of payments for ecosystem services (PES) programs as environmental policy alternatives suggests a clear need for research on PES implementation, both to validate theoretical frameworks and improve approaches for existing and future programs. We provide a history of the 10-year old Conservador das Aguas program in Extrema, a city in Minas Gerais located within the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. To date, the program has coordinated restoration activities that have increased native forest cover in 60% in targeted sub-watershed through contracts with 53 landowners, and has established long-term collaborations among government agencies, civil society, and landowners. Evaluation of the institutional elements of the program using an institutional framework reveals lessons that are relevant for future projects. We find that national legislation and local government organizations have played key roles in enabling and maintaining program activities. Further, strategic decisions by program staff, including targeting important regions and actors within the municipality, the use of Forest Code mandates as an incentive for participation, and use of municipal legislation to secure funding, were critical to the program's success. We use an institutional framework to provide a review of the program, including its legal context, actors, and financial instruments, for those engaged in establishing and sustaining similar programs. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Richards, Ryan C.] George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Richards, Ryan C.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Ctr Conservat & Sustainabil, Washington, DC USA. [Rerolle, Julia] AgroParisTech, Ctr Montpellier Gest Environm Ecosyst & Forest Tr, F-34093 Montpellier 5, France. [Rerolle, Julia; Brancalion, Pedro H. S.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Forest Sci, Luiz de Queiroz Coll Agr, BR-13 41890 Piracicaba, Brazil. [Aronson, James] CEFE Campus CNRS, Ctr Ecol Fonctionnelle & Evolut, UMR 5175, F-34293 Montpellier, France. [Aronson, James] Missouri Bot Garden, St Louis, MO USA. [Pereira, Paulo Henrique] Environm Secretariat Extrema, Extrema, MG, Brazil. [Goncalyes, Helena] Univ Sao Paulo, Grad Program Appl Ecol, BR-13 41890 Piracicaba, Brazil. RP Brancalion, PHS (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Forest Sci, Luiz de Queiroz Coll Agr, Ave Padua Dias 11, BR-13 41890 Piracicaba, Brazil. EM pedrob@usp.br RI Brancalion, Pedro/D-6995-2012 OI Brancalion, Pedro/0000-0001-8245-4062 NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 13 U2 49 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2212-0416 J9 ECOSYST SERV JI Ecosyst. Serv. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 16 BP 23 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.ecoser.2015.09.002 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CY7HA UT WOS:000366578000003 ER PT J AU Moran, Z Orth, DJ Schmitt, JD Hallerman, EM Aguilar, R AF Moran, Z. Orth, D. J. Schmitt, J. D. Hallerman, E. M. Aguilar, R. TI Effectiveness of DNA barcoding for identifying piscine prey items in stomach contents of piscivorous catfishes SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES LA English DT Article DE Non-native catfishes; Predation; Clupeidae; DNA barcoding; MtDNA; Universal fish primers ID INTRODUCED FLATHEAD CATFISH; BLUE CATFISH; GUT CONTENTS; FISHES; DIET; MANAGEMENT; BIOLOGY; LARVAL; IMPACT AB Introduced predators pose ecological impacts upon prey species and receiving ecosystems. Understanding such ecological interactions creates technical challenges including species-specific identification of partially digested prey items in the stomachs of piscivorous predators. We present the first evaluation of DNA barcoding to identify piscine prey in the stomachs of North American catfishes (Family Ictaluridae). Fish prey items of non-native Blue Catfish Ictalurus furcatus and Flathead Catfish Pylodictis olivaris were obtained by gastric lavage and ranked as lightly, moderately, or heavily digested. We used an established cocktail of universal fish primers (FishF2_t1, FishR2_t1, VF2_t1, and FR1d_t1) to amplify the cytochrome oxidase I (COI-3) region of mitochondrial DNA from these samples. Amplification products were subjected to Sanger sequencing, and edited sequences were compared to entries in GenBank. Eighty-six percent of the sequences generated for lightly or moderately digested samples and 66 % of those for heavily digested samples could be assigned to the species level based on similarity with archived COI-3 sequences. While traditional morphological identification led to species-level identification of 65 % of fish prey items, addition of DNA barcoding resulted in identification to species of 88 % of fish prey items overall. Diet items identified by DNA markers included anadromous Striped Bass Morone saxatilis and herrings and shads Alosa spp. that are the focus of fishery restoration programs in these rivers. We found DNA barcoding to be an efficient and cost-effective addition to diet studies of non-native predators. C1 [Moran, Z.; Orth, D. J.; Schmitt, J. D.; Hallerman, E. M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Aguilar, R.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Hallerman, EM (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, 100 Cheatham Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM ehallerm@vt.edu RI Aguilar, Robert/O-2480-2016; OI Aguilar, Robert/0000-0001-8732-5382; Orth, Donald/0000-0002-9236-0147 FU Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries through a Sport Fish Restoration Grant from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station; National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture FX This study was completed with funds provided by the Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries through a Sport Fish Restoration Grant from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Funding for the participation of EMH and DJO was provided in part by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station and the Hatch Program of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture. All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. Special thanks to Jason Emmel and Tim Lane for their assistance with field collections and laboratory analysis. This report was strengthened by attention to the comments of two anonymous peer reviewers. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0378-1909 EI 1573-5133 J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH JI Environ. Biol. Fishes PD DEC PY 2015 VL 99 IS 1 BP 161 EP 167 DI 10.1007/s10641-015-0448-7 PG 7 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CY6FB UT WOS:000366502600014 ER PT J AU Corman, VM Baldwin, HJ Tateno, AF Zerbinati, RM Annan, A Owusu, M Nkrumah, EE Maganga, GD Oppong, S Adu-Sarkodie, Y Vallo, P da Silva, LVRF Leroy, EM Thiel, V van der Hoek, L Poon, LLM Tschapka, M Drosten, C Drexler, JF AF Corman, Victor Max Baldwin, Heather J. Tateno, Adriana Fumie Zerbinati, Rodrigo Melim Annan, Augustina Owusu, Michael Nkrumah, Evans Ewald Maganga, Gael Darren Oppong, Samuel Adu-Sarkodie, Yaw Vallo, Peter Ribeiro Ferreira da Silva Filho, Luiz Vicente Leroy, Eric M. Thiel, Volker van der Hoek, Lia Poon, Leo L. M. Tschapka, Marco Drosten, Christian Drexler, Jan Felix TI Evidence for an Ancestral Association of Human Coronavirus 229E with Bats SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS; SARS-CORONAVIRUS; GENOMIC CHARACTERIZATION; DROMEDARY CAMELS; CLINICAL IMPACT; VIRUS; CHILDREN; PROTEIN; SPIKE; CLASSIFICATION AB We previously showed that close relatives of human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) exist in African bats. The small sample and limited genomic characterizations have prevented further analyses so far. Here, we tested 2,087 fecal specimens from 11 bat species sampled in Ghana for HCoV-229E-related viruses by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). Only hipposiderid bats tested positive. To compare the genetic diversity of bat viruses and HCoV-229E, we tested historical isolates and diagnostic specimens sampled globally over 10 years. Bat viruses were 5- and 6-fold more diversified than HCoV-229E in the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and spike genes. In phylogenetic analyses, HCoV-229E strains were monophyletic and not intermixed with animal viruses. Bat viruses formed three large clades in close and more distant sister relationships. A recently described 229E-related alpaca virus occupied an intermediate phylogenetic position between bat and human viruses. According to taxonomic criteria, human, alpaca, and bat viruses form a single CoV species showing evidence for multiple recombination events. HCoV-229E and the alpaca virus showed a major deletion in the spike S1 region compared to all bat viruses. Analyses of four full genomes from 229E-related bat CoVs revealed an eighth open reading frame (ORF8) located at the genomic 3' end. ORF8 also existed in the 229E-related alpaca virus. Reanalysis of HCoV-229E sequences showed a conserved transcription regulatory sequence preceding remnants of this ORF, suggesting its loss after acquisition of a 229E-related CoV by humans. These data suggested an evolutionary origin of 229E-related CoVs in hipposiderid bats, hypothetically with camelids as intermediate hosts preceding the establishment of HCoV-229E. IMPORTANCE The ancestral origins of major human coronaviruses (HCoVs) likely involve bat hosts. Here, we provide conclusive genetic evidence for an evolutionary origin of the common cold virus HCoV-229E in hipposiderid bats by analyzing a large sample of African bats and characterizing several bat viruses on a full-genome level. Our evolutionary analyses show that animal and human viruses are genetically closely related, can exchange genetic material, and form a single viral species. We show that the putative host switches leading to the formation of HCoV-229E were accompanied by major genomic changes, including deletions in the viral spike glycoprotein gene and loss of an open reading frame. We reanalyze a previously described genetically related alpaca virus and discuss the role of camelids as potential intermediate hosts between bat and human viruses. The evolutionary history of HCoV-229E likely shares important characteristics with that of the recently emerged highly pathogenic Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus. C1 [Corman, Victor Max; Tateno, Adriana Fumie; Zerbinati, Rodrigo Melim; Drosten, Christian; Drexler, Jan Felix] Univ Bonn, Med Ctr, Inst Virol, Bonn, Germany. [Corman, Victor Max; Drosten, Christian; Drexler, Jan Felix] German Ctr Infect Res, Bonn, Germany. [Baldwin, Heather J.; Vallo, Peter; Tschapka, Marco] Univ Ulm, Inst Evolutionary Ecol & Conservat Genom, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Baldwin, Heather J.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Tateno, Adriana Fumie; Zerbinati, Rodrigo Melim; Ribeiro Ferreira da Silva Filho, Luiz Vicente] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo, Virol Lab, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Annan, Augustina; Owusu, Michael; Nkrumah, Evans Ewald] Kumasi Ctr Collaborat Res Trop Med, Kumasi, Ghana. [Maganga, Gael Darren; Leroy, Eric M.] Ctr Int Rech Med Franceville, Franceville, Gabon. [Oppong, Samuel; Adu-Sarkodie, Yaw] Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Kumasi, Ghana. [Vallo, Peter] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Vertebrate Biol, Brno, Czech Republic. [Ribeiro Ferreira da Silva Filho, Luiz Vicente] Hosp Clin FMUSP, Inst Crianca, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Leroy, Eric M.] IRD CNRS UM1, UMR MIVEGEC 224, Inst Rech Dev, Montpellier, France. [Thiel, Volker] Univ Bern, Vetsuisse Fac Bern, Dept Infect Dis & Pathobiol, Bern, Switzerland. [Thiel, Volker] Fed Dept Home Affairs, Inst Immunol & Virol, Bern, Switzerland. [Thiel, Volker] Fed Dept Home Affairs, Inst Immunol & Virol, Mittelhausern, Switzerland. [van der Hoek, Lia] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Med Microbiol, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Poon, Leo L. M.] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Publ Hlth, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Tschapka, Marco] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Drosten, C (reprint author), Univ Bonn, Med Ctr, Inst Virol, Bonn, Germany. EM drosten@virology-bonn.de; drexler@virology-bonn.de RI Vallo, Peter/F-9650-2014; Silva Filho, Luiz Vicente/R-3984-2016; LEROY, Eric/I-4347-2016; OI Owusu, Michael/0000-0001-5066-150X; LEROY, Eric/0000-0003-0022-0890; Corman, Victor Max/0000-0002-3605-0136 FU European Union [223498, 278976]; German Research Foundation (DFG) [DR 772/3-1, KA1241/18-1, DR 772/7-1, TH 1420/1-1] FX This study was supported by the European Union FP7 projects EM-PERIE (contract number 223498) and ANTIGONE (contract number 278976) and by the German Research Foundation (DFG grants DR 772/3-1, KA1241/18-1, and DR 772/7-1, TH 1420/1-1). NR 70 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 89 IS 23 BP 11858 EP 11870 DI 10.1128/JVI.01755-15 PG 13 WC Virology SC Virology GA CZ1WM UT WOS:000366896600011 PM 26378164 ER PT J AU Kenfack, D Gereau, RE Thomas, DW Sainge, MN AF Kenfack, David Gereau, Roy E. Thomas, Duncan W. Sainge, Moses N. TI The Tropical African Genus Crotonogynopsis (Euphorbiaceae), with Two New Species SO NOVON LA English DT Article DE Cameroon; Crotonogynopsis; Eastern Arc Mountains; Equatorial Guinea; Euphorbiaceae; IUCN Red List; Korup National Park; Mozambique; Tanzania ID MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; DNA-SEQUENCES AB The African genus Crotonogynopsis Pax (Euphorbiaceae) is revised to include four species, including two novelties, C. korupensis Kenfack & D. W. Thomas from the Korup National Park, Cameroon, and the Reserva Natural de Rio Campo in Equatorial Guinea; and C. australis Kenfack & Gereau from the southern part of the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania, with a distant outlier in Mozambique. Three of the four species are assigned the IUCN Red List category of Least Concern (LC) on the basis of their occurrence in protected areas with no known threats. C1 [Kenfack, David] Smithsonian Inst, NMNH MRC 166, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Gereau, Roy E.] Missouri Bot Garden, St Louis, MO 63166 USA. [Thomas, Duncan W.] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Vancouver, WA 98686 USA. [Sainge, Moses N.] Trop Plant Explorat Grp TroPEG, Mundemba, Cameroon. RP Kenfack, D (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, NMNH MRC 166, Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Dept Bot, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM kenfackd@si.edu; roy.gereau@mobot.org; duncanwt@gmail.com; sainge2001@yahoo.com FU International Cooperative Biodiversity Group; Central Africa Regional Program for the Environment; Frank Levinson Family Foundation through the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX The long-term forest monitoring program that led to the discovery of Crotonogynopsis korupensis is a collaborative project of the University of Buea, Cameroon, and the World Wide Fund for Nature, Cameroon Program in partnership with the Center for Tropical Forest Science - Forest Global Earth Observatories of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Funding for this program has been provided by the International Cooperative Biodiversity Group, the Central Africa Regional Program for the Environment and the Frank Levinson Family Foundation through the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Permission to conduct the field program in Cameroon was provided by the Ministry of Environment and Forests and the Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation. We are grateful to Dr. Olivier Lachenaud for confirming the identity of important specimens in BR and BRLU. We thank A. Arbelaez of the Missouri Botanical Garden for the excellent illustration of Figure 3. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN PI ST LOUIS PA 2345 TOWER GROVE AVENUE, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 USA SN 1055-3177 J9 NOVON JI Novon PD DEC PY 2015 VL 24 IS 3 BP 246 EP 255 DI 10.3417/2015005 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CY6TY UT WOS:000366542900006 ER PT J AU Vertatschitsch, L Primiani, R Young, A Weintroub, J Crew, GB McWhirter, SR Beaudoin, C Doeleman, S Blackburn, L AF Vertatschitsch, Laura Primiani, Rurik Young, Andre Weintroub, Jonathan Crew, Geoffrey B. McWhirter, Stephen R. Beaudoin, Christopher Doeleman, Sheperd Blackburn, Lindy TI R2DBE: A Wideband Digital Backend for the Event Horizon Telescope SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article ID SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE AB The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) is an earth-size aperture synthesis radio astronomy array capable of making high-resolution measurements of submillimeter emission near the event horizon of supermassive black holes. The EHT uses existing standalone submillimeter radio telescopes which are retrofitted to serve as VLBI stations. Current instrument development goals include increasing the number of stations in the array and increasing their sensitivity. We have developed a 4GHz bandwidth digital backend (DBE) unit, based on the CASPER (Collaboration for Astronomy Signal Processing and Electronics Research) open source ROACH2 (Reconfigurable Open Architecture Computing Hardware) platform. The ROACH2 digital backend, which we call the R2DBE, has dual channels each sampling at a rate of 4096MSps (megasamples-per-second), a factor of 4 improvement over the previous generation system. Recording 2-bits per sample, the bandwidth is equivalently stated as 16 gigabits-per-second (Gbps). This paper includes system design of the R2DBE, discusses laboratory test results of the system using correlated noise input, and presents field test results. The R2DBE was distributed to seven sites in early 2015, enabling the EHT campaign in 2015 March to collect data with 2GHz bandwidth in each polarization. The 16 gigabit-per-second (Gbps) R2DBE can be scaled to create a 64Gbps system using four R2DBEs in parallel. Thus, it enables a clear path to the EHT's goal of 4GHz dual-polarization and dual-sideband across the array. C1 [Vertatschitsch, Laura; Primiani, Rurik; Young, Andre; Weintroub, Jonathan; Doeleman, Sheperd; Blackburn, Lindy] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Vertatschitsch, Laura] Syst & Technol Res, Woburn, MA 01801 USA. [Crew, Geoffrey B.; McWhirter, Stephen R.; Beaudoin, Christopher; Doeleman, Sheperd] MIT, Haystack Observ, Westford, MA 01886 USA. [Beaudoin, Christopher] Univ Massachusetts, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RP Vertatschitsch, L (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation [GBMF-3561]; NSF, Collaborative Digital Instrumentation for Radio Astronomy Community [AST 0906040, AST 1407804] FX We gratefully acknowledge support for this work from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (GBMF-3561). The development has benefited from open source technology shared by the Collaboration for Astronomy Signal Processing and Electronics Research (CASPER), supported by NSF grants AST 0906040 and AST 1407804, Collaborative Digital Instrumentation for the Radio Astronomy Community. Special thanks to Robert (Bob) Wilson who made valuable contributions to the laboratory work. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6280 EI 1538-3873 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 127 IS 958 BP 1226 EP 1239 DI 10.1086/684513 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CY7YE UT WOS:000366624400004 ER PT J AU Michaletz, ST Weiser, MD Zhou, JZ Kaspari, M Helliker, BR Enquist, BJ AF Michaletz, Sean T. Weiser, Michael D. Zhou, Jizhong Kaspari, Michael Helliker, Brent R. Enquist, Brian J. TI Plant Thermoregulation: Energetics, Trait-Environment Interactions, and Carbon Economics SO TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION LA English DT Article ID REBUILDING COMMUNITY ECOLOGY; GENERAL QUANTITATIVE THEORY; CONSTANT LEAF TEMPERATURE; DRY-MATTER CONTENT; FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; FOREST-FIRES; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; LIMITED HOMEOTHERMY; ISOTOPE RATIOS; HEAT-TRANSFER AB Building a more predictive trait-based ecology requires mechanistic theory based on first principles. We present a general theoretical approach to link traits and climate. We use plant leaves to show how energy budgets (i) provide a foundation for understanding thermoregulation, (ii) explain mechanisms driving trait variation across environmental gradients, and (iii) guide selection on functional traits via carbon economics. Although plants are often considered to be poikilotherms, the data suggest that they are instead limited homeotherms. Leaf functional traits that promote limited homeothermy are adaptive because homeothermy maximizes instantaneous and lifetime carbon gain. This theory provides a process-based foundation for trait-climate analyses and shows that future studies should consider plant (not only air) temperatures. C1 [Michaletz, Sean T.; Enquist, Brian J.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Michaletz, Sean T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Weiser, Michael D.; Kaspari, Michael] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Biol, EEB Grad Program, Norman, OK 73069 USA. [Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Zhou, Jizhong] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Zhou, Jizhong] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Environm Simulat & Pollut Control, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Jizhong] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Div Earth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94270 USA. [Kaspari, Michael] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. [Helliker, Brent R.] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Enquist, Brian J.] Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. [Enquist, Brian J.] IPlant Collaborat, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Enquist, Brian J.] Aspen Ctr Environm Studies, Aspen, CO 81611 USA. RP Michaletz, ST (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM michaletz@lanl.gov OI Michaletz, Sean/0000-0003-2158-6525; Kaspari, Michael/0000-0002-9717-5768; Enquist, Brian/0000-0002-6124-7096 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) Macro Systems award [1065861]; Aspen Center for Environmental Studies; Director's Fellowship from the Los Alamos National Laboratory; NSF [IOS-0950998]; NSF MacroSystems [1241873] FX The authors are grateful to Paul Craze and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on an earlier version of the paper. S.T.M., B.J.E., M.K., and M.D.W. were supported by an National Science Foundation (NSF) Macro Systems award (1065861). S.T.M. and B.J.E. were supported by a fellowship from the Aspen Center for Environmental Studies. S.T.M. was supported by a Director's Fellowship from the Los Alamos National Laboratory. B.R.H. was supported under NSF awards IOS-0950998 and NSF MacroSystems 1241873. NR 99 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0169-5347 J9 TRENDS ECOL EVOL JI Trends Ecol. Evol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 30 IS 12 BP 714 EP 724 DI 10.1016/j.tree.2015.09.006 PG 11 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CZ0IC UT WOS:000366787400002 PM 26476814 ER PT J AU Cox, EG Harris, RJ Looney, LW Segura-Cox, DM Tobin, J Li, ZY Tychoniec, L Chandler, CJ Dunham, MM Kratter, K Melis, C Perez, LM Sadavoy, SI AF Cox, Erin G. Harris, Robert J. Looney, Leslie W. Segura-Cox, Dominique M. Tobin, John Li, Zhi-Yun Tychoniec, Lukasz Chandler, Claire J. Dunham, Michael M. Kratter, Kaitlin Melis, Carl Perez, Laura M. Sadavoy, Sarah I. TI HIGH-RESOLUTION 8 mm AND 1 cm POLARIZATION OF IRAS 4A FROM THE VLA NASCENT DISK AND MULTIPLICITY (VANDAM) SURVEY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; stars: formation; stars: magnetic field ID MAGNETIC BRAKING CATASTROPHE; STAR-FORMING REGIONS; PROTOSTELLAR CORES; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; NGC-1333 IRAS-4; FIELD STRUCTURE; KEPLERIAN DISK; H2O MASERS; ENVELOPES; EMISSION AB Magnetic fields can regulate disk formation, accretion, and jet launching. Until recently, it has been difficult to obtain high-resolution observations of the magnetic fields of the youngest protostars in the critical region near the protostar. The VANDAM survey is observing all known protostars in the Perseus Molecular Cloud. Here we present the polarization data of IRAS 4A. We find that with similar to 0 ''.2 (50 AU) resolution at lambda = 8.1 and 10.3 mm, the inferred magnetic field is consistent with a circular morphology, in marked contrast with the hourglass morphology seen on larger scales. This morphology is consistent with frozen-in field lines that were dragged in by rotating material entering the infall region. The field morphology is reminiscent of rotating circumstellar material near the protostar. This is the first polarization detection of a protostar at these wavelengths. We conclude from our observations that the dust emission is optically thin with beta similar to 1.3, suggesting that millimeter-/centimeter-sized grains have grown and survived in the short lifetime of the protostar. C1 [Cox, Erin G.; Harris, Robert J.; Looney, Leslie W.; Segura-Cox, Dominique M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Tobin, John] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2000 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Li, Zhi-Yun] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Tychoniec, Lukasz] Adam Mickiewicz Univ, Fac Phys, Astron Observ Inst, PL-60268 Poznan, Poland. [Chandler, Claire J.; Perez, Laura M.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Dunham, Michael M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kratter, Kaitlin] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Melis, Carl] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Sadavoy, Sarah I.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Cox, EG (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM egcox2@illinois.edu OI Tobin, John/0000-0002-6195-0152; Tychoniec, Lukasz/0000-0002-9470-2358 FU NSF [AST-1139950, AST-1313083]; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [639.041.439]; NASA [NNX14AB38G] FX The authors would like to thank the referee for their quick review and helpful comments, which helped improve the quality of this paper. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation operated under cooperative agreement by Associated Universities, Inc. E.G.C., R.J.H., L.W.L., and D.M.S.C. acknowledge support from NSF AST-1139950. J.J.T. acknowledges support by grant 639.041.439 from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). Z.Y.L. is supported in part by NSF AST-1313083 and NASA NNX14AB38G. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 2 AR L28 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/814/2/L28 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CY0RA UT WOS:000366112000011 ER PT J AU Currie, T Cloutier, R Brittain, S Grady, C Burrows, A Muto, T Kenyon, SJ Kuchner, MJ AF Currie, Thayne Cloutier, Ryan Brittain, Sean Grady, Carol Burrows, Adam Muto, Takayuki Kenyon, Scott J. Kuchner, Marc J. TI RESOLVING THE HD 100546 PROTOPLANETARY SYSTEM WITH THE GEMINI PLANET IMAGER: EVIDENCE FOR MULTIPLE FORMING, ACCRETING PLANETS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; stars: early-type; stars: individual (HD 100546) ID ORBITING HR 8799; MASS COMPANION; BROWN DWARFS; DISK; CONFIRMATION; SPECTROSCOPY; HD-100546; LIGHT; DUST AB We report Gemini Planet Imager H-band high-contrast imaging/integral field spectroscopy and polarimetry of the HD 100546, a 10 Myr old early-type star recently confirmed to host a thermal infrared (IR) bright (super-)Jovian protoplanet at wide separation, HD 100546 b. We resolve the inner disk cavity in polarized light, recover the thermal IR-bright arm, and identify one additional spiral arm. We easily recover HD 100546 b and show that much of its emission plausibly originates from an unresolved point source. The point-source component of HD 100546 b has extremely red IR colors compared to field brown dwarfs, qualitatively similar to young cloudy super-Jovian planets; however, these colors may instead indicate that HD 100546 b is still accreting material from a circumplanetary disk. Additionally, we identify a second point-source-like peak at r(proj) similar to 14 AU, located just interior to or at the inner disk wall consistent with being a < 10-20 M-J candidate second protoplanet-"HD 100546 c"-and lying within a weakly polarized region of the disk but along an extension of the thermal IR-bright spiral arm. Alternatively, it is equally plausible that this feature is a weakly polarized but locally bright region of the inner disk wall. Astrometric monitoring of this feature over the next 2 years and emission line measurements could confirm its status as a protoplanet, rotating disk hot spot that is possibly a signpost of a protoplanet, or a stationary emission source from within the disk. C1 [Currie, Thayne] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. [Cloutier, Ryan] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Cloutier, Ryan] Univ Toronto, Ctr Planetary Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Cloutier, Ryan] Univ Montreal, Inst Rech Exoplanetes, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Brittain, Sean] Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Grady, Carol; Kuchner, Marc J.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Exoplanets & Stellar Astrophys Lab, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Grady, Carol] Eureka Sci, Oakland, CA USA. [Burrows, Adam] Princeton Univ, Dept Astrophys Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Muto, Takayuki] Kogakuin Univ, Div Liberal Arts, Tokyo, Japan. [Kenyon, Scott J.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Currie, T (reprint author), Natl Astron Observ Japan, Subaru Telescope, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan. OI Kenyon, Scott/0000-0003-0214-609X FU NASA Origins of Solar Systems program [NNG13PB64P] FX We thank Gijs Mulders, Wladimir Lyra, Nienke van der Marel, and the anonymous referee for helpful comments. This work is supported through NASA Origins of Solar Systems program NNG13PB64P. NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 2 AR L27 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/814/2/L27 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CY0RA UT WOS:000366112000010 ER PT J AU Dumusque, X Glenday, A Phillips, DF Buchschacher, N Cameron, AC Cecconi, M Charbonneau, D Cosentino, R Ghedina, A Latham, DW Li, CH Lodi, M Lovis, C Molinari, E Pepe, F Udry, S Sasselov, D Szentgyorgyi, A Walsworth, R AF Dumusque, Xavier Glenday, Alex Phillips, David F. Buchschacher, Nicolas Cameron, Andrew Collier Cecconi, Massimo Charbonneau, David Cosentino, Rosario Ghedina, Adriano Latham, David W. Li, Chih-Hao Lodi, Marcello Lovis, Christophe Molinari, Emilio Pepe, Francesco Udry, Stephane Sasselov, Dimitar Szentgyorgyi, Andrew Walsworth, Ronald TI HARPS-N OBSERVES THE SUN AS A STAR SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE instrumentation: spectrographs; planets and satellites: detection; techniques: radial velocities ID ALPHA-CENTAURI-B; ASTROPHYSICAL SPECTROGRAPH; STELLAR ACTIVITY; MASS PLANET; EXOPLANET; OSCILLATIONS; CALIBRATION; DYNAMICS; SYSTEM; PLAGES AB Radial velocity (RV) perturbations induced by stellar surface inhomogeneities including spots, plages and granules currently limit the detection of Earth-twins using Doppler spectroscopy. Such stellar noise is poorly understood for stars other than the Sun because their surface is unresolved. In particular, the effects of stellar surface inhomogeneities on observed stellar radial velocities are extremely difficult to characterize, and thus developing optimal correction techniques to extract true stellar radial velocities is extremely challenging. In this paper, we present preliminary results of a solar telescope built to feed full-disk sunlight into the HARPS-N spectrograph, which is in turn calibrated with an astro-comb. This setup enables long-term observation of the Sun as a star with state-of-the-art sensitivity to RV changes. Over seven days of observing in 2014, we show an average 50 cm s(-1) RV rms over a few hours of observation. After correcting observed radial velocities for spot and plage perturbations using full-disk photometry of the Sun, we lower by a factor of two the weekly RV rms to 60 cm s(-1). The solar telescope is now entering routine operation, and will observe the Sun every clear day for several hours. We will use these radial velocities combined with data from solar satellites to improve our understanding of stellar noise and develop optimal correction methods. If successful, these new methods should enable the detection of Venus over the next two to three years, thus demonstrating the possibility of detecting Earth-twins around other solar-like stars using the RV technique. C1 [Dumusque, Xavier; Glenday, Alex; Phillips, David F.; Charbonneau, David; Latham, David W.; Li, Chih-Hao; Sasselov, Dimitar; Szentgyorgyi, Andrew; Walsworth, Ronald] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Buchschacher, Nicolas; Lovis, Christophe; Pepe, Francesco; Udry, Stephane] Univ Geneva, Astron Observ, CH-1290 Sauverny, Switzerland. [Cameron, Andrew Collier] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Cecconi, Massimo; Cosentino, Rosario; Ghedina, Adriano; Lodi, Marcello; Molinari, Emilio] INAF Fdn Galileo Galilei, E-38712 Brena Baja, Spain. [Molinari, Emilio] INAF IASF Milano, I-20133 Milan, Italy. RP Dumusque, X (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM xdumusque@cfa.harvard.edu OI Molinari, Emilio/0000-0002-1742-7735; Cameron, Andrew/0000-0002-8863-7828; Latham, David/0000-0001-9911-7388 FU Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory; Harvard Origins of Life Initiative; National Science Foundation; NASA; Progetto Premiale WOW of the Italian Research Ministry; Society in Science-Branco Weiss fellowship; NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) via MIT [5710003554]; STFC [ST/M001296/1]; European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) [313014]; John Templeton Foundation FX This work was performed with support from the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, The Harvard Origins of Life Initiative, the National Science Foundation, NASA, and Progetto Premiale WOW of the Italian Research Ministry (for support of the astro-comb). X.D. thanks the Society in Science-Branco Weiss fellowship for its support, as well as NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission for partial support via subaward 5710003554 from MIT to SAO. A.C.C. acknowledges support from STFC grant ST/M001296/1 during the course of this work. The research leading to these results received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement number 313014 (ETAEARTH). This publication was made possible through the support of a grant from the John Templeton Foundation. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the John Templeton Foundation. We are grateful to all technical and scientific collaborators of the TNG telescope and the HARPS-N Consortium that have made this project possible. NR 38 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 2 AR L21 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/814/2/L21 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CY0RA UT WOS:000366112000004 ER PT J AU Kilic, M Gianninas, A Bell, KJ Curd, B Brown, WR Hermes, JJ Dufour, P Wisniewski, JP Winget, DE Winget, KI AF Kilic, Mukremin Gianninas, Alexandros Bell, Keaton J. Curd, Brandon Brown, Warren R. Hermes, J. J. Dufour, Patrick Wisniewski, John P. Winget, D. E. Winget, K. I. TI A DARK SPOT ON A MASSIVE WHITE DWARF SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE starspots; white dwarfs ID STARS; BINARIES; PERIOD; MAGNETISM; KEPLER AB We present the serendipitous discovery of eclipse-like events around the massive white dwarf SDSS J152934.98+292801.9 (hereafter J1529+2928). We selected J1529+2928 for time-series photometry based on its spectroscopic temperature and surface gravity, which place it near the ZZ Ceti instability strip. Instead of pulsations, we detect photometric dips from this white dwarf every 38 minutes. Follow-up optical spectroscopy observations with Gemini reveal no significant radial velocity variations, ruling out stellar and brown dwarf companions. A disintegrating planet around this white dwarf cannot explain the observed light curves in different filters. Given the short period, the source of the photometric dips must be a dark spot that comes into view every 38 minutes due to the rotation of the white dwarf. Our optical spectroscopy does not show any evidence of Zeeman splitting of the Balmer lines, limiting the magnetic field strength to B < 70 kG. Since up to 15% of white dwarfs display kG magnetic fields, such eclipse-like events should be common around white dwarfs. We discuss the potential implications of this discovery on transient surveys targeting white dwarfs, like the K2 mission and the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope. C1 [Kilic, Mukremin; Gianninas, Alexandros; Curd, Brandon; Wisniewski, John P.] Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Bell, Keaton J.; Winget, D. E.; Winget, K. I.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Brown, Warren R.] Smithsonian Astrophys Observ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hermes, J. J.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Dufour, Patrick] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Inst Rech Exoplanetes iREx, Succ Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. RP Kilic, M (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Homer L Dodge Dept Phys & Astron, 440 W Brooks St, Norman, OK 73019 USA. RI Alexandros, Gianninas/B-8352-2016; OI Alexandros, Gianninas/0000-0002-8655-4308; Bell, Keaton/0000-0002-0656-032X FU NSF; NASA [AST-1312678, AST-1312983, NNX14AF65G] FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the NSF and NASA under grants AST-1312678, AST-1312983, and NNX14AF65G. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 2 AR L31 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/814/2/L31 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CY0RA UT WOS:000366112000014 ER PT J AU Lu, X Zhang, QZ Kauffmann, J Pillai, T Longmore, SN Kruijssen, JMD Battersby, C Gu, QS AF Lu, Xing Zhang, Qizhou Kauffmann, Jens Pillai, Thushara Longmore, Steven N. Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik Battersby, Cara Gu, Qiusheng TI DEEPLY EMBEDDED PROTOSTELLAR POPULATION IN THE 20 km s(-1) CLOUD OF THE CENTRAL MOLECULAR ZONE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: center; ISM: clouds; stars: formation ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; MASSIVE STAR-FORMATION; II METHANOL MASERS; CENTER DUST RIDGE; GALACTIC-CENTER; OH/IR STARS; H2O MASERS; SGR-A; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; FORMING REGIONS AB We report the discovery of a population of deeply embedded protostellar candidates in the 20 km s(-1) cloud, one of the massive molecular clouds in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) of the Milky Way, using interferometric submillimeter continuum and H2O maser observations. The submillimeter continuum emission shows five 1 pc scale clumps, each of which further fragments into several 0.1 pc scale cores. We identify 17 dense cores, among which 12 are gravitationally bound. Among the 18 H2O masers detected, 13 coincide with the cores and probably trace outflows emanating from the protostars. There are also 5 gravitationally bound dense cores without H2O maser detection. In total, the 13 masers and 5 cores may represent 18 protostars with spectral types later than B1 or potentially growing more massive stars at earlier evolutionary stages, given the non-detection in the centimeter radio continuum. In combination with previous studies of CH3OH masers, we conclude that the star formation in this cloud is at an early evolutionary phase, before the presence of any significant ionizing or heating sources. Our findings indicate that star formation in this cloud may be triggered by a tidal compression as it approaches pericenter, similar to the case of G0.253+0.016 but with a higher star formation rate, and demonstrate that high angular resolution, high-sensitivity maser, and submillimeter observations are promising techniques to unveil deeply embedded star formation in the CMZ. C1 [Lu, Xing; Gu, Qiusheng] Nanjing Univ, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Lu, Xing; Zhang, Qizhou; Battersby, Cara] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lu, Xing; Gu, Qiusheng] Nanjing Univ, Key Lab Modern Astron & Astrophys, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Lu, Xing; Gu, Qiusheng] Collaborat Innovat Ctr Modern Astron & Space Expl, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Kauffmann, Jens; Pillai, Thushara] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Longmore, Steven N.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England. [Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik] Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Astron Rechen Inst, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. RP Lu, X (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM xinglv.nju@gmail.com OI Kauffmann, Jens/0000-0002-5094-6393; Zhang, Qizhou/0000-0003-2384-6589 FU Smithsonian Predoctoral Fellowship; Nanjing University; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG via the SPP (priority program) [1573]; Gliese Fellowship; SI CGPS grant; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11328301, 11273015, 11133001]; National Basic Research Program [2013CB834905] FX We thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments and Elisabeth Mills and Hauyu Baobab Liu for helpful discussion. X.L. acknowledges the support of a Smithsonian Predoctoral Fellowship and the program A for outstanding PhD candidate of Nanjing University. T.P. acknowledges financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG via the SPP (priority program) 1573 ("Physics of the ISM"). J.M. D.K. is funded by a Gliese Fellowship. This work is supported by the SI CGPS grant on Star Formation in the Central Molecular Zone of the Milky Way, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 11328301, 11273015, and 11133001), and the National Basic Research Program (973 program No. 2013CB834905). NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 2 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/814/2/L18 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CY0RA UT WOS:000366112000001 ER PT J AU Collin, R Ochoa, I AF Collin, Rachel Ochoa, Isis TI Access to multiple mates increases fecundity but does not affect per-offspring maternal investment in a marine gastropod SO INVERTEBRATE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE larvae; life-history; maternal effects; maternal investment; polygamy ID FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE INVESTMENT; SIMULTANEOUS HERMAPHRODITE; DIFFERENTIAL ALLOCATION; CALYPTRAEID GASTROPODS; FERTILIZATION SUCCESS; MALE ATTRACTIVENESS; SPERM COMPETITION; FOOD AVAILABILITY; GENETIC BENEFITS; CLUTCH SIZE AB Females of many organisms mate more than once and with more than one male, suggesting that polyandry confers some advantage to the female or her offspring. However, variation in maternal investment in response to mate choice and mate number can confound efforts to determine if there are benefits of polyandry. Access to multiple mates could increase maternal investment in offspring via a number of different mechanisms. Few studies have determined if investment is influenced by mate choice and number, and data are particularly lacking for marine invertebrates. This study was designed to determine if maternal investment and offspring size increase with access to increasing numbers of mates in the protandrous intertidal slipper snail Crepidula cf. marginalis. Virgin female slipper limpets were exposed to one, three, or five potential mates and their fecundity, egg size, and hatchling size were measured for multiple clutches. Treatment had a significant effect on fecundity, with fecundity increasing with the number of potential mates. Treatment did not have an effect on the size of eggs or hatchlings, on the variation in egg size or hatchling size within broods, or on the frequency of oviposition. Treatment did alter the variation in average offspring size among females, but not in the way predicted by theory. The main result, that access to multiple mates does not have an effect on per offspring maternal investment, makes C. cf. marginalis an ideal candidate to study the effects of polyandry on offspring fitness without having to take into account confounding effects of variation in maternal investment. C1 [Collin, Rachel; Ochoa, Isis] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Collin, R (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. EM collinr@si.edu OI Collin, Rachel/0000-0001-5103-4460 FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute FX We thank Anabell Cornejo and Abraham Osorio for their help with animal care. Members of the Collin Lab discussion group and two anonymous reviewers commented on previous versions of the manuscript, and we thank them for their comments. Support for the Collin Lab during this project was received from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1077-8306 EI 1744-7410 J9 INVERTEBR BIOL JI Invertebr. Biol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 134 IS 4 BP 271 EP 281 DI 10.1111/ivb.12109 PG 11 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA CY4UB UT WOS:000366403000002 ER PT J AU Bouchard, SS O'Leary, CJ Wargelin, LJ Rodriguez, WB Jennings, KX Warkentin, KM AF Bouchard, Sarah S. O'Leary, Chelsea J. Wargelin, Lindsay J. Rodriguez, Whitney B. Jennings, Kadeen X. Warkentin, Karen M. TI Alternative Competition-Induced Digestive Strategies Yield Equal Growth, But Constrain Compensatory Growth in Red-Eyed Treefrog Larvae SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART A-ECOLOGICAL GENETICS AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CATCH-UP GROWTH; RANA-TEMPORARIA; METABOLIC-RATE; BAD START; DEVELOPMENTAL PLASTICITY; PHENOTYPIC DEVELOPMENT; PREDATION RISK; ANURAN LARVAE; LIMITS GROWTH; SIZE AB Compensatory growth is well documented across taxa and provides a fitness advantage to animals who would otherwise reach a smaller reproductive size. We investigated the role of competition-induced gut plasticity in facilitating a compensatory response in red-eyed treefrog larvae. We reared larvae at low, medium, and high densities with different per capita resources, environments known to produce individuals with long and short guts. We then transferred larvae to competitively equal environments to determine if longer guts provided an advantage when resources became available. We predicted that larvae from higher densities with longer guts would exhibit hyperphagia and compensatory growth. We measured growth over 1-week, as well as the time to and size at metamorphosis. To assess mechanisms underlying the growth response, we measured diet transit time and intake. Growth, development, and metamorph snout-vent length did not differ between larvae with long and short guts. Instead, different gut lengths were associated with dramatically different feeding strategies. Medium-and high-density larvae fed at rates far below what their guts could accommodate. However, the combination of low intake and longer guts extended diet transit times, presumably increasing digestibility. This unexpected strategy achieved the same results as that of low-density larvae, which ate twice as much food, but passed it more quickly through a shorter gut. The lack of a compensatory response may be attributed to the costs of accelerated growth and weak seasonal time constraints in the tropics. This suggests that although compensatory growth is widespread among animals, expression of the response may vary with environmental context. (C) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Bouchard, Sarah S.; O'Leary, Chelsea J.; Wargelin, Lindsay J.; Rodriguez, Whitney B.; Jennings, Kadeen X.] Otterbein Univ, Dept Biol & Earth Sci, Westerville, OH 43081 USA. [Warkentin, Karen M.] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Warkentin, Karen M.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Bouchard, SS (reprint author), Otterbein Univ, Dept Biol & Earth Sci, 1 S Grove St, Westerville, OH 43081 USA. EM sbouchard@otterbein.edu FU US National Science Foundation [DEB-0716923]; Boston University; Otterbein University FX Grant sponsor: US National Science Foundation; grant number: DEB-0716923; grant sponsor: Boston University; grant sponsor: Otterbein University. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1932-5223 EI 1932-5231 J9 J EXP ZOOL PART A JI J. Exp. Zool. Part A PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 323 IS 10 BP 778 EP 788 DI 10.1002/jez.1991 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CX8RB UT WOS:000365970300010 ER PT J AU Calahan, D Blersch, D Adey, W AF Calahan, Dean Blersch, David Adey, Walter TI Weeds in the algae garden - A source of biomass for the algae-to-biofuels program SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material DE Biofuel; Bioproduct; Periphyton; Algal turf; Planetary boundary ID ACETONE-BUTANOL FERMENTATION; DAIRY MANURE EFFLUENT; HYDROTHERMAL LIQUEFACTION; TURF SCRUBBERS; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; WATER TECHNOLOGIES; FUTURE-PROSPECTS; NUTRIENT REMOVAL; MICROALGAE; PRODUCTIVITY AB Despite decades of effort, viable algal biofuels remain a distant vision. High-lipid microalgae for biodiesel is plagued by low productivity, poor biomass quality, and pond instability, so conversion of non-specific algal biomass into other fuels is now the favored approach. Nevertheless, with low productivity and high costs, microalgae cannot provide the annual tonnage of biomass needed for fuel production. An alternative source of easily produced algal biomass has been available for decades. Algal turf scrubbing (ATS) robustly cultivates indigenous algae in an open flume photobioreactor. It is a proven, cost-effective, point- and non point-source treatment method for recycling the aquatic nutrient pollution whose levels threaten to exceed sustainable earth system boundaries. Using ATS to reverse nutrient loading in eutrophic waters would produce copious algal biomass at essentially no cost, for biofuel production or for development into other bioproducts. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Calahan, Dean; Adey, Walter] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Blersch, David] Auburn Univ, Biosyst Engn Dept, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Calahan, D (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM calahans@si.edu RI Blersch, David/L-7490-2015 NR 81 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 EI 1872-6992 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 85 BP 275 EP 282 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.10.014 PG 8 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA CW9ML UT WOS:000365322700028 ER PT J AU Hong, T AF Hong, Terry TI The Vegetarian SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Hong, Terry] Smithsonian BookDragon, Washington, DC USA. RP Hong, T (reprint author), Smithsonian BookDragon, Washington, DC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 140 IS 20 BP 122 EP 122 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA CX2XG UT WOS:000365559500100 ER PT J AU Cohen, EB Aucklan, LD Marra, PP Hamer, SA AF Cohen, Emily B. Aucklan, Lisa D. Marra, Peter P. Hamer, Sarah A. TI Avian Migrants Facilitate Invasions of Neotropical Ticks and Tick-Borne Pathogens into the United States SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LYME-DISEASE SPIROCHETE; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; ACARI IXODIDAE; RICKETTSIA-MONACENSIS; AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM; WILD BIRDS; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; SPRING MIGRATION; RANGE EXPANSION; SOUTH-AMERICA AB Migratory birds have the potential to transport exotic vectors and pathogens of human and animal health importance across vast distances. We systematically examined birds that recently migrated to the United States from the Neotropics for ticks. We screened both ticks and birds for tick-borne pathogens, including Rickettsia species and Borrelia burgdorferi. Over two spring seasons (2013 and 2014), 3.56% of birds (n = 3,844) representing 42.35% of the species examined (n = 85) were infested by ticks. Ground-foraging birds with reduced fuel stores were most commonly infested. Eight tick species were identified, including seven in the genus Amblyomma, of which only Amblyomma maculatum/Amblyomma triste is known to be established in the United States. Most ticks on birds (67%) were neotropical species with ranges in Central and South America. Additionally, a single Ixodes genus tick was detected. A total of 29% of the ticks (n = 137) and no avian blood samples (n = 100) were positive for infection with Rickettsia species, including Rickettsia parkeri, an emerging cause of spotted fever in humans in the southern United States, a species in the group of Rickettsia monacensis, and uncharacterized species and endosymbionts of unknown pathogenicity. No avian tick or blood samples tested positive for B. burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease. An extrapolation of our findings suggests that anywhere from 4 to 39 million exotic neotropical ticks are transported to the United States annually on migratory songbirds, with uncertain consequences for human and animal health if the current barriers to their establishment and spread are overcome. C1 [Cohen, Emily B.; Marra, Peter P.] Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Aucklan, Lisa D.; Hamer, Sarah A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Integrat Biosci, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, College Stn, TX USA. RP Cohen, EB (reprint author), Smithsonian Conservat Biol Inst, Migratory Bird Ctr, Natl Zool Pk, Washington, DC 20005 USA. EM cohene@si.edu; shamer@cvm.tamu.edu FU Nature Conservancy; Trull Foundation; Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences FX This work was supported by Helen Runnells DuBois, The Nature Conservancy, The Trull Foundation, and the Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for publication. NR 70 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 5 U2 31 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 81 IS 24 BP 8366 EP 8378 DI 10.1128/AEM.02656-15 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA CW7XN UT WOS:000365212800012 PM 26431964 ER PT J AU Ade, PAR Aikin, RW Barkats, D Benton, SJ Bischoff, CA Bock, JJ Brevik, JA Buder, I Bullock, E Dowell, CD Duband, L Filippini, JP Fliescher, S Golwala, SR Halpern, M Hasselfield, M Hildebrandt, SR Hilton, GC Irwin, KD Karkare, KS Kaufman, JP Keating, BG Kernasovskiy, SA Kovac, JM Kuo, CL Leitch, EM Lueker, M Netterfield, CB Nguyen, HT O'Brient, R Ogburn, RW Orlando, A Pryke, C Richter, S Schwarz, R Sheehy, CD Staniszewski, ZK Sudiwala, RV Teply, GP Tolan, JE Turner, AD Vieregg, AG Wong, CL Yoon, KW AF Ade, P. A. R. Aikin, R. W. Barkats, D. Benton, S. J. Bischoff, C. A. Bock, J. J. Brevik, J. A. Buder, I. Bullock, E. Dowell, C. D. Duband, L. Filippini, J. P. Fliescher, S. Golwala, S. R. Halpern, M. Hasselfield, M. Hildebrandt, S. R. Hilton, G. C. Irwin, K. D. Karkare, K. S. Kaufman, J. P. Keating, B. G. Kernasovskiy, S. A. Kovac, J. M. Kuo, C. L. Leitch, E. M. Lueker, M. Netterfield, C. B. Nguyen, H. T. O'Brient, R. Ogburn, R. W. Orlando, A. Pryke, C. Richter, S. Schwarz, R. Sheehy, C. D. Staniszewski, Z. K. Sudiwala, R. V. Teply, G. P. Tolan, J. E. Turner, A. D. Vieregg, A. G. Wong, C. L. Yoon, K. W. CA BICEP2 Collaboration TI BICEP2. III. INSTRUMENTAL SYSTEMATICS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cosmic background radiation; cosmology: observations; gravitational waves; inflation; instrumentation: polarimeters; methods: data analysis ID BACKGROUND POLARIZATION MEASUREMENTS; SPT-SZ SURVEY; POWER SPECTRUM; GRAVITY-WAVES; MICROWAVE; ANISOTROPY; TELESCOPE; RADIATION; PROBE; CONSTRAINTS AB In a companion paper, we have reported a >5 sigma detection of degree scale B-mode polarization at 150 GHz by the BICEP2 experiment. Here we provide a detailed study of potential instrumental systematic contamination to that measurement. We focus extensively on spurious polarization that can potentially arise from beam imperfections. We present a heuristic classification of beam imperfections according to their symmetries and uniformities, and discuss how resulting contamination adds or cancels in maps that combine observations made at multiple orientations of the telescope about its boresight axis. We introduce a technique, which we call "deprojection," for filtering the leading order beam-induced contamination from time-ordered data, and show that it reduces power in BICEP2's actual and null-test BB spectra consistent with predictions using high signal-to-noise beam shape measurements. We detail the simulation pipeline that we use to directly simulate instrumental systematics and the calibration data used as input to that pipeline. Finally, we present the constraints on BB contamination from individual sources of potential systematics. We find that systematics contribute BB power that is a factor of similar to 10x below BICEP2's three-year statistical uncertainty, and negligible compared to the observed BB signal. The contribution to the best-fit tensor/scalar ratio is at a level equivalent to r = (3-6) x 10(-3). C1 [Ade, P. A. R.; Sudiwala, R. V.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Aikin, R. W.; Brevik, J. A.; Filippini, J. P.; Golwala, S. R.; Hildebrandt, S. R.; Lueker, M.; Staniszewski, Z. K.; Teply, G. P.] CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Barkats, D.] ESO, Joint ALMA Observ, Santiago, Chile. [Benton, S. J.; Netterfield, C. B.] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Bischoff, C. A.; Buder, I.; Karkare, K. S.; Kovac, J. M.; Richter, S.; Wong, C. L.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bock, J. J.; Dowell, C. D.; Hildebrandt, S. R.; Nguyen, H. T.; O'Brient, R.; Turner, A. D.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Bullock, E.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Duband, L.] CEA Grenoble, SBT, F-38054 Grenoble, France. [Filippini, J. P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Urbana, IL 61820 USA. [Fliescher, S.; Pryke, C.; Schwarz, R.; Sheehy, C. D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Phys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Halpern, M.; Hasselfield, M.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Phys & Astron, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Hilton, G. C.; Irwin, K. D.] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Irwin, K. D.; Kernasovskiy, S. A.; Kuo, C. L.; Ogburn, R. W.; Tolan, J. E.; Yoon, K. W.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Irwin, K. D.; Kuo, C. L.; Ogburn, R. W.; Yoon, K. W.] SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Kaufman, J. P.; Keating, B. G.; Orlando, A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Leitch, E. M.; Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Vieregg, A. G.] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Ade, PAR (reprint author), Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. OI Orlando, Angiola/0000-0001-8004-5054; Karkare, Kirit/0000-0002-5215-6993; Bischoff, Colin/0000-0001-9185-6514; Barkats, Denis/0000-0002-8971-1954 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [ANT-0742818, ANT-1044978, ANT-0742592, ANT-1110087]; JPL Research and Technology Development Fund; NASA APRA program [06-ARPA206-0040, 10-SAT10-0017]; SAT program; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation at Caltech; Canada Foundation for Innovation grant; W. M. Keck Foundation; Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago [NSF PHY-1125897]; Irene Coyle and Kathy Deniston FX BICEP2 was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under grants ANT-0742818 and ANT-1044978 (Caltech/Harvard) and ANT-0742592 and ANT-1110087 (Chicago/Minnesota). The development of antenna-coupled detector technology was supported by the JPL Research and Technology Development Fund and grants 06-ARPA206-0040 and 10-SAT10-0017 from the NASA APRA and SAT programs. The development and testing of focal planes were supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation at Caltech. Readout electronics were supported by a Canada Foundation for Innovation grant to UBC. The receiver development was supported in part by a grant from the W. M. Keck Foundation. Partial support for C. Sheehy was also provided by the Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago through grant NSF PHY-1125897 and an endowment from the Kavli Foundation and its founder Fred Kavli. The computations in this paper were run on the Odyssey cluster supported by the FAS Science Division Research Computing Group at Harvard University. Tireless administrative support was provided by Irene Coyle and Kathy Deniston. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 2 AR 110 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/110 PG 28 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9KJ UT WOS:000365317300028 ER PT J AU Dragomir, D Benneke, B Pearson, KA Crossfield, IJM Eastman, J Barman, T Biddle, LI AF Dragomir, Diana Benneke, Bjoern Pearson, Kyle A. Crossfield, Ian J. M. Eastman, Jason Barman, Travis Biddle, Lauren I. TI RAYLEIGH SCATTERING IN THE ATMOSPHERE OF THE WARM EXO-NEPTUNE GJ 3470B SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE planetary systems; stars: individual (GJ 3470); techniques: photometric ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; EXOPLANET HD 189733B; SUPER-EARTH GJ1214B; TRANSMISSION SPECTRUM; EXTRASOLAR PLANET; SPITZER OBSERVATIONS; TRANSIT PHOTOMETRY; HOT NEPTUNE; M DWARF; MU-M AB GJ 3470b is a warm Neptune-size planet transiting an M dwarf star. Like the handful of other small exoplanets for which transmission spectroscopy has been obtained, GJ 3470b exhibits a flat spectrum in the near- and midinfrared. Recently, a tentative detection of Rayleigh scattering in its atmosphere has been reported. This signal manifests itself as an observed increase of the planetary radius as a function of decreasing wavelength in the visible. We set out to verify this detection and observed several transits of this planet with the LCOGT network and the Kuiper telescope in four different bands (Sloan g, Sloan i, Harris B, and Harris V). Our analysis reveals a strong Rayleigh scattering slope, thus confirming previous results. This makes GJ 3470b the smallest known exoplanet with a detection of Rayleigh scattering. We find that the most plausible scenario is a hydrogen/helium-dominated atmosphere covered by clouds which obscure absorption features in the infrared and hazes which give rise to scattering in the visible. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of exoplanet atmospheric characterization from the ground, even with meter-class telescopes. C1 [Dragomir, Diana] Global Telescope Network, Las Cumbres Observ, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Dragomir, Diana] UC Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA USA. [Dragomir, Diana] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Benneke, Bjoern] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Pearson, Kyle A.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Crossfield, Ian J. M.; Barman, Travis] Univ Arizona, Dept Planetary Sci, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Eastman, Jason] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Biddle, Lauren I.] Northern Operat Ctr, Gemini Observ, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Dragomir, D (reprint author), Global Telescope Network, Las Cumbres Observ, 6740 Cortona Dr Suite 102, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. EM diana@oddjob.uchicago.edu OI Dragomir, Diana/0000-0003-2313-467X FU NASA FX The authors thank David Ehrenreich, Heather Knutson, Jacob Bean, and Rob Siverd for fruitful discussions. We are grateful to the anonymous referee for suggestions which have led to improvements in the paper. This research makes use of observations from the LCOGT network, and of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. I.J.M.C.'s work was performed under a contract with the California Institute of Technology funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 7 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 2 AR 102 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/102 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9KJ UT WOS:000365317300020 ER PT J AU Finkelstein, SL Song, MM Behroozi, P Somerville, RS Papovich, C Milosavljevic, M Dekel, A Narayanan, D Ashby, MLN Cooray, A Fazio, GG Ferguson, HC Koekemoer, AM Salmon, B Willner, SP AF Finkelstein, Steven L. Song, Mimi Behroozi, Peter Somerville, Rachel S. Papovich, Casey Milosavljevic, Milos Dekel, Avishai Narayanan, Desika Ashby, Matthew L. N. Cooray, Asantha Fazio, Giovanni G. Ferguson, Henry C. Koekemoer, Anton M. Salmon, Brett Willner, S. P. TI AN INCREASING STELLAR BARYON FRACTION IN BRIGHT GALAXIES AT HIGH REDSHIFT SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE early universe; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: high-redshift; ultraviolet: galaxies ID STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; SIMILAR-TO 7; LYMAN-BREAK GALAXIES; ULTRA-DEEP-FIELD; ULTRAVIOLET LUMINOSITY FUNCTION; NEUTRAL ATOMIC PHASES; SURVEY. SURVEY DESIGN; IRAC SOURCE COUNTS; LY-ALPHA EMISSION; DARK-MATTER HALOS AB Recent observations have shown that the characteristic luminosity of the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) luminosity function does not significantly evolve at 4 < z < 7 and is approximately M-UV(*) tilde; -21. We investigate this apparent non-evolution by examining a sample of 173 bright, M-UV < -21 galaxies at z = 4-7, analyzing their stellar populations and host halo masses. Including deep Spitzer/IRAC imaging to constrain the rest-frame optical light, we find that M-UV(*) galaxies at z = 4-7 have similar stellar masses of log(M/M-circle dot) = 9.6-9.9 and are thus relatively massive for these high redshifts. However, bright galaxies at z = 4-7 are less massive and have younger inferred ages than similarly bright galaxies at z = 2-3, even though the two populations have similar star formation rates and levels of dust attenuation for a fixed dust-attenuation curve. Matching the abundances of these bright z = 4-7 galaxies to halo mass functions from the Bolshoi Lambda CDM simulation implies that the typical halo masses in tilde;M-UV(*) galaxies decrease from log(M-h/M-circle dot) = 11.9 at z = 4 to log(M-h/M-circle dot) = 11.4 at z = 7. Thus, although we are studying galaxies at a similar stellar mass across multiple redshifts, these galaxies live in lower mass halos at higher redshift. The stellar baryon fraction in tilde;M-UV(*) galaxies in units of the cosmic mean Omega(b)/Omega(m) rises from 5.1% at z = 4 to 11.7% at z = 7; this evolution is significant at the tilde;3 sigma level. This rise does not agree with simple expectations of how galaxies grow, and implies that some effect, perhaps a diminishing efficiency of feedback, is allowing a higher fraction of available baryons to be converted into stars at high redshifts. C1 [Finkelstein, Steven L.; Song, Mimi; Milosavljevic, Milos] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Behroozi, Peter; Ferguson, Henry C.; Koekemoer, Anton M.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Somerville, Rachel S.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Papovich, Casey; Salmon, Brett] Texas A&M Univ, George P & Cynthia Woods Mitchell Inst Fundamenta, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Dekel, Avishai] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Narayanan, Desika] Haverford Coll, Dept Phys & Astron, Haverford, PA 19041 USA. [Ashby, Matthew L. N.; Fazio, Giovanni G.; Willner, S. P.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Cooray, Asantha] Univ Calif Irvine, Ctr Cosmol, Dept Phys & Astron, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP Finkelstein, SL (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM stevenf@astro.as.utexas.edu OI Papovich, Casey/0000-0001-7503-8482; Koekemoer, Anton/0000-0002-6610-2048 FU University of Texas at Austin College of Natural Sciences; NASA Astrophysics and Data Analysis Program by JPL/Caltech; NSF [AST-1413501, AST-1009452, AST-1442650]; NASA [HST-AR-13906.001, NAS 5-26555]; NASA by JPL/Caltech; NASA; [12060] FX We thank Caitlin Casey for useful discussions on the abundance of dusty galaxies at high redshift. S.L.F. acknowledges support from the University of Texas at Austin College of Natural Sciences. S.L.F. and M.S. were also supported by a NASA Astrophysics and Data Analysis Program award issued by JPL/Caltech. M.M. acknowledges support from NSF grant AST-1413501. Partial support for D.N. was provided by NSF grants AST-1009452, AST-1442650, NASA grant HST-AR-13906.001. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. These observations are associated with program #12060. This work is also based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. Support for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech. NR 102 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 2 AR 95 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/95 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9KJ UT WOS:000365317300013 ER PT J AU Frisch, PC Berdyugin, A Piirola, V Magalhaes, AM Seriacopi, DB Wiktorowicz, SJ Andersson, BG Funsten, HO McComas, DJ Schwadron, NA Slavin, JD Hanson, AJ Fu, CW AF Frisch, P. C. Berdyugin, A. Piirola, V. Magalhaes, A. M. Seriacopi, D. B. Wiktorowicz, S. J. Andersson, B-G Funsten, H. O. McComas, D. J. Schwadron, N. A. Slavin, J. D. Hanson, A. J. Fu, C. -W. TI CHARTING THE INTERSTELLAR MAGNETIC FIELD CAUSING THE INTERSTELAR BOUNDARY EXPLORER (IBEX) RIBBON OF ENERGETIC NEUTRAL ATOMS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE dust, extinction; ISM: clouds; ISM: magnetic fields; polarization; Sun: heliosphere ID HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; COSMIC-RAYS; GALACTIC ENVIRONMENT; LINEAR-POLARIZATION; OUTER HELIOSHEATH; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; GRAIN ALIGNMENT; ALPHA-OPHIUCHI; ENA FLUX; LOOP-I AB The interstellar magnetic field (ISMF) near the heliosphere is a fundamental component of the solar galactic environment that can only be studied using polarized starlight. The results of an ongoing survey of the linear polarizations of local stars are analyzed with the goal of linking the ISMF that shapes the heliosphere to the nearby field in interstellar space. We present new results on the direction of the magnetic field within 40 pc obtained from analyzing polarization data using a merit function that determines the field direction that provides the best fit to the polarization data. Multiple magnetic components are identified, including a dominant interstellar field, BPOL, that is aligned with the direction l, b = 36 degrees.2, 49 degrees.0 (+/- 16 degrees.0). Stars tracing BPOL have the same mean distance as stars that do not trace BPOL, but show weaker average polarizations consistent with a smaller column density of polarizing material. BPOL is aligned with the ISMF traced by the IBEX Ribbon to within 7.6(-7.6)(+14.9) degrees. The variations in the polarization position angle directions derived from the data that best match BPOL indicate a low level of magnetic turbulence, similar to 9 degrees +/- 1 degrees. The direction of BPOL is obtained after excluding polarization data tracing a separate magnetic structure that appears to be associated with interstellar dust deflected around the heliosphere. The velocities of local interstellar clouds relative to the Local Standard of Rest (LSR) increase with the angles between the LSR velocities and BPOL, indicating that the kinematics of local interstellar material is ordered by the ISMF. The Loop I superbubble that extends close to the Sun contains dust that reddens starlight and whose distance is determined by the color excess E(B - V) of starlight. Polarizations caused by grains aligned with respect to BPOL are consistent with the location of the Sun in the rim of the Loop I superbubble. An angle of 76.8 -(+23.5)(27.6) between BPOL and the bulk LSR velocity the local interstellar material indicates a geometry that is consistent with an expanding superbubble. The efficiency of grain alignment in the local interstellar medium has been assessed using stars where both polarization data and hydrogen column density data are available. Nearby stars appear to have larger polarizations than expected based on reddened sightlines, which is consistent with previous results, but uncertainties are large. Optical polarization and color excess E(B - V) data indicate the presence of nearby interstellar dust in the BICEP2 field. Color excess E(B - V) indicates an optical extinction of A(V) > 0.6 in the BICEP2 field, while the polarization data indicate that A(V) > 0.09 mag. The IBEX Ribbon ISMF extends to the boundaries of the BICEP2 region. C1 [Frisch, P. C.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Berdyugin, A.; Piirola, V.] Univ Turku, Finnish Ctr Astron ESO, SF-20500 Turku, Finland. [Magalhaes, A. M.; Seriacopi, D. B.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Astron Geofis & Ciencias Atmosfer, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Wiktorowicz, S. J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Andersson, B-G] USRA, SOFIA Sci Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Funsten, H. O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA. [McComas, D. J.] Southwest Res Inst, San Antonio, TX USA. [Schwadron, N. A.] Univ New Hampshire, Ctr Space Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Slavin, J. D.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hanson, A. J.] Indiana Univ, Sch Informat & Comp, Bloomington, IN USA. [Fu, C. -W.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Comp Engn, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [McComas, D. J.] Univ Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Frisch, PC (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 5640 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. FU NASA Explorer program; European Research Council Advanced Grant HotMol [ERC-2011-AdG 291659] FX This research has been partly supported by the NASA Explorer program through support for the IBEX mission, and by the European Research Council Advanced Grant HotMol (ERC-2011-AdG 291659). P. Frisch would like to thank Stephen Case for pointing out the first study of the solar apex motion in Herschel (1783). NR 87 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 2 AR 112 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/112 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9KJ UT WOS:000365317300030 ER PT J AU Lee, KI Dunham, MM Myers, PC Tobin, JJ Kristensen, LE Pineda, JE Vorobyov, EI Offner, SSR Arce, HG Li, ZY Bourke, TL Jorgensen, JK Goodman, AA Sadavoy, SI Chandler, CJ Harris, RJ Kratter, K Looney, LW Melis, C Perez, LM Segura-Cox, D AF Lee, Katherine I. Dunham, Michael M. Myers, Philip C. Tobin, John J. Kristensen, Lars E. Pineda, Jaime E. Vorobyov, Eduard I. Offner, Stella S. R. Arce, Hector G. Li, Zhi-Yun Bourke, Tyler L. Jorgensen, Jes K. Goodman, Alyssa A. Sadavoy, Sarah I. Chandler, Claire J. Harris, Robert J. Kratter, Kaitlin Looney, Leslie W. Melis, Carl Perez, Laura M. Segura-Cox, Dominique TI MASS ASSEMBLY OF STELLAR SYSTEMS AND THEIR EVOLUTION WITH THE SMA (MASSES). MULTIPLICITY AND THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT IN L1448N SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: general; ISM: kinematics and dynamics; ISM: molecules; stars: formation; stars: protostars; submillimeter: ISM ID CLASS 0 PROTOSTARS; STAR-FORMING REGIONS; DENSE CORES; KEPLERIAN DISK; DARK CLOUDS; HIERARCHICAL FRAGMENTATION; SUBMILLIMETER ARRAY; YOUNGEST PROTOSTARS; PROTOSTELLAR CORES; MOLECULAR OUTFLOWS AB We present continuum and molecular line observations at 230 and 345 GHz from the Submillimeter Array (SMA) toward three protostars in the Perseus L1448N region. The data are from the large project "Mass Assembly of Stellar Systems and their Evolution with the SMA." Three dust continuum sources, Source B, Source NW, and Source A, are detected at both frequencies. These sources have corresponding emission peaks in C18O (J = 2 -> 1), (CO)-C-13 (J = 2 -> 1), and HCO+ (J = 4 -> 3), and have offsets with N2D+ (J = 3 -> 2) peaks. High angular resolution data from a complementary continuum survey with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array show that Source B is associated with three 8 mm continuum objects, Source NW with two, and Source A remains single. These results suggest that multiplicity in L1448N exists at different spatial scales from a few thousand AU to <100 AU. Velocity gradients in each source obtained from two-dimensional fits to the SMA (CO)-O-18 emission are found to be perpendicular to within 20 degrees of the outflow directions as revealed by (CO)-C-12 (J = 2 -> 1). We have observed that Sources B and NW with multiplicity have higher densities than Source A without multiplicity. This suggests that thermal Jeans fragmentation can be relevant in the fragmentation process. However, we have not observed a difference in the ratio between rotational and gravitational energy between sources with and without multiplicity. We also have not observed a trend between non-thermal velocity dispersions and the level of fragmentation. Our study has provided the first direct and comprehensive comparison between multiplicity and core properties in low-mass protostars, although based on small number statistics. C1 [Lee, Katherine I.; Dunham, Michael M.; Myers, Philip C.; Kristensen, Lars E.; Goodman, Alyssa A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Tobin, John J.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, Leiden, Netherlands. [Pineda, Jaime E.] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Vorobyov, Eduard I.] Univ Vienna, Dept Astrophys, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Vorobyov, Eduard I.] Southern Fed Univ, Inst Phys Res, Rostov Na Donu 344090, Russia. [Offner, Stella S. R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Arce, Hector G.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Li, Zhi-Yun] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Bourke, Tyler L.] SKA Org, Jodrell Bank Observ, Macclesfield SK11 9DL, Cheshire, England. [Jorgensen, Jes K.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Jorgensen, Jes K.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Sadavoy, Sarah I.; Perez, Laura M.] Max Planck Inst Astron, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany. [Chandler, Claire J.] Natl Radio Astron Observ, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Harris, Robert J.; Looney, Leslie W.; Segura-Cox, Dominique] Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kratter, Kaitlin] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Melis, Carl] Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Astrophys & Space Sci, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. RP Lee, KI (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM katherine.lee@cfa.harvard.edu RI Goodman, Alyssa/A-6007-2010; Kristensen, Lars/F-4774-2011; OI Goodman, Alyssa/0000-0003-1312-0477; Kristensen, Lars/0000-0003-1159-3721; Pineda, Jaime/0000-0002-3972-1978; Tobin, John/0000-0002-6195-0152; Arce, Hector/0000-0001-5653-7817 FU Smithsonian Institution; Academia Sinica; NASA [613845]; NASA ADAP grant [NNX13AE54G]; Submillimeter Array through an SMA postdoctoral fellowship; NASA ADAP [NNX13AE54G]; Russian Ministry of Education and Science [3.961.2014/K] FX This work is based primarily on observations obtained with the Submillimeter Array, a joint project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics and funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica. The authors thank the SMA staff for executing these observations as part of the queue schedule, and Charlie Qi and Mark Gurwell for their technical assistance with the SMA data.; We thank the anonymous referee for valuable comments to improve the paper. K. I. L. acknowledges support from NASA grant 613845. M. M. D. acknowledges support from NASA ADAP grant NNX13AE54G and from the Submillimeter Array through an SMA postdoctoral fellowship. T. L. B. also acknowledges partial support from NASA ADAP grant NNX13AE54G. E. I. V. acknowledges support from the Russian Ministry of Education and Science grant 3.961.2014/K. NR 94 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 2 AR 114 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/114 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9KJ UT WOS:000365317300032 ER PT J AU Miller, JM Fabian, AC Kaastra, J Kallman, T King, AL Proga, D Raymond, J Reynolds, CS AF Miller, J. M. Fabian, A. C. Kaastra, J. Kallman, T. King, A. L. Proga, D. Raymond, J. Reynolds, C. S. TI POWERFUL, ROTATING DISK WINDS FROM STELLAR-MASS BLACK HOLES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE accretion, accretion disks; black hole physics; X-rays: binaries ID X-RAY BINARIES; TRANSMISSION GRATING SPECTROMETER; ABSORPTION-LINES; ACCRETION DISKS; GRS 1915+105; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; WARM ABSORBERS; CHANDRA HETGS; CYGNUS X-1; IRON LINE AB We present an analysis of ionized X-ray disk winds found in the Fe K band of four stellar-mass black holes observed with Chandra, including 4U 1630-47, GRO J1655-40, H 1743-322, and GRS 1915+105. High-resolution photoionization grids were generated in order to model the data. Third-order gratings spectra were used to resolve complex absorption profiles into atomic effects and multiple velocity components. The Fe XXV line is found to be shaped by contributions from the intercombination line (in absorption), and the Fe XXVI line is detected as a spin-orbit doublet. The data require 2-3 absorption zones, depending on the source. The fastest components have velocities approaching or exceeding 0.01c, increasing mass outflow rates and wind kinetic power by orders of magnitude over prior single-zone models. The first-order spectra require re-emission from the wind, broadened by a degree that is loosely consistent with Keplerian orbital velocities at the photoionization radius. This suggests that disk winds are rotating with the orbital velocity of the underlying disk, and provides a new means of estimating launching radii-crucial to understanding wind driving mechanisms. Some aspects of the wind velocities and radii correspond well to the broad-line region in active galactic nuclei (AGNs), suggesting a physical connection. We discuss these results in terms of prevalent models for disk wind production and disk accretion itself, and implications for massive black holes in AGNs. C1 [Miller, J. M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Fabian, A. C.] Univ Cambridge, Inst Astron, Cambridge CB3 0HA, England. [Kaastra, J.] SRON Netherlands Inst Space Res, NL-3584 CA Utrecht, NL, Netherlands. [Kaastra, J.] Univ Utrecht, Dept Phys & Astron, NL-3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands. [Kallman, T.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greedbelt, MD 20771 USA. [King, A. L.] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Proga, D.] Univ Nevada, Dept Phys, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. [Raymond, J.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Reynolds, C. S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Miller, JM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 500 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM jonmm@umich.edu OI Reynolds, Christopher/0000-0002-1510-4860 NR 72 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 2 AR 87 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/87 PG 27 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9KJ UT WOS:000365317300005 ER PT J AU Mori, K Hailey, CJ Krivonos, R Hong, J Ponti, G Bauer, F Perez, K Nynka, M Zhang, S Tomsick, JA Alexander, DM Baganoff, FK Barret, D Barriere, N Boggs, SE Canipe, AM Christensen, FE Craig, WW Forster, K Giommi, P Grefenstette, BW Grindlay, JE Harrison, FA Hornstrup, A Kitaguchi, T Koglin, JE Luu, V Madsen, KK Mao, PH Miyasaka, H Perri, M Pivovaroff, MJ Puccetti, S Rana, V Stern, D Westergaard, NJ Zhang, WW Zoglauer, A AF Mori, Kaya Hailey, Charles J. Krivonos, Roman Hong, Jaesub Ponti, Gabriele Bauer, Franz Perez, Kerstin Nynka, Melania Zhang, Shuo Tomsick, John A. Alexander, David M. Baganoff, Frederick K. Barret, Didier Barriere, Nicolas Boggs, Steven E. Canipe, Alicia M. Christensen, Finn E. Craig, William W. Forster, Karl Giommi, Paolo Grefenstette, Brian W. Grindlay, Jonathan E. Harrison, Fiona A. Hornstrup, Allan Kitaguchi, Takao Koglin, Jason E. Luu, Vy Madsen, Kristen K. Mao, Peter H. Miyasaka, Hiromasa Perri, Matteo Pivovaroff, Michael J. Puccetti, Simonetta Rana, Vikram Stern, Daniel Westergaard, Niels J. Zhang, William W. Zoglauer, Andreas TI NuSTAR HARD X-RAY SURVEY OF THE GALACTIC CENTER REGION. I. HARD X-RAY MORPHOLOGY AND SPECTROSCOPY OF THE DIFFUSE EMISSION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Galaxy: center; radiation mechanisms: non-thermal; X-rays: general; X-rays: ISM ID SGR-A-ASTERISK; PULSAR WIND NEBULAE; ENERGY GAMMA-RAYS; SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; KEV LINE EMISSION; SAGITTARIUS-A; MOLECULAR CLOUDS; SUPERNOVA-REMNANT; COSMIC-RAYS AB We present the first sub-arcminute images of the Galactic Center above 10 keV, obtained with NuSTAR. NuSTAR resolves the hard X-ray source IGR J17456-2901 into non-thermal X-ray filaments, molecular clouds, point sources, and a previously unknown central component of hard X-ray emission (CHXE). NuSTAR detects four non-thermal X-ray filaments, extending the detection of their power-law spectra with Gamma similar to 1.3-2.3 up to similar to 50 keV. A morphological and spectral study of the filaments suggests that their origin may be heterogeneous, where previous studies suggested a common origin in young pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe). NuSTAR detects non-thermal X-ray continuum emission spatially correlated with the 6.4 keV Fe K alpha fluorescence line emission associated with two Sgr A molecular clouds: MC1 and the Bridge. Broadband X-ray spectral analysis with a Monte-Carlo based X-ray reflection model self-consistently determined their intrinsic column density (similar to 10(23) cm(-2)), primary X-ray spectra (power-laws with Gamma similar to 2) and set a lower limit of the X-ray luminosity of Sgr A* flare illuminating the Sgr A clouds to L-X >= 10(38) erg s(-1). Above similar to 20 keV, hard X-ray emission in the central 10 pc region around Sgr A* consists of the candidate PWN G359.95-0.04 and the CHXE, possibly resulting from an unresolved population of massive CVs with white dwarf masses M-WD similar to 0.9M(circle dot). Spectral energy distribution analysis suggests that G359.95-0.04 is likely the hard X-ray counterpart of the ultra-high gamma-ray source HESS J1745-290, strongly favoring a leptonic origin of the GC TeV emission. C1 [Mori, Kaya; Hailey, Charles J.; Perez, Kerstin; Nynka, Melania; Zhang, Shuo; Canipe, Alicia M.; Luu, Vy] Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Krivonos, Roman; Tomsick, John A.; Barriere, Nicolas; Boggs, Steven E.; Craig, William W.; Zoglauer, Andreas] Univ Calif Berkeley, Space Sci Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Krivonos, Roman] Russian Acad Sci, Space Res Inst, Moscow 117997, Russia. [Hong, Jaesub; Grindlay, Jonathan E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ponti, Gabriele] Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, HEG, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Bauer, Franz] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Fis, Inst Astrofis, Santiago 22, Chile. [Bauer, Franz] Millennium Inst Astrophys, Santiago, Chile. [Bauer, Franz] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. [Perez, Kerstin] Haverford Coll, Haverford, PA 19041 USA. [Alexander, David M.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Baganoff, Frederick K.] MIT, Kavli Inst Astrophys & Space Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Barret, Didier] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, Toulouse, France. [Barret, Didier] CNRS, Inst Rech Astrophys & Planetol, F-31028 Toulouse 4, France. [Christensen, Finn E.; Hornstrup, Allan; Westergaard, Niels J.] Tech Univ Denmark, DTU Space Natl Space Inst, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Craig, William W.; Pivovaroff, Michael J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Forster, Karl; Grefenstette, Brian W.; Harrison, Fiona A.; Madsen, Kristen K.; Mao, Peter H.; Miyasaka, Hiromasa; Rana, Vikram] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astron & Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Giommi, Paolo; Perri, Matteo; Puccetti, Simonetta] ASI Sci Data Ctr, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Kitaguchi, Takao] Hiroshima Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Kitaguchi, Takao] Hiroshima Univ, Core Res Energet Universe, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 7398526, Japan. [Koglin, Jason E.] Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Perri, Matteo; Puccetti, Simonetta] INAF Astronom Roma, I-00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy. [Stern, Daniel] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Zhang, William W.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Mori, K (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Columbia Astrophys Lab, 538 W 120th St, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM kaya@astro.columbia.edu RI Boggs, Steven/E-4170-2015; OI Boggs, Steven/0000-0001-9567-4224; Puccetti, Simonetta/0000-0002-2734-7835; Rana, Vikram/0000-0003-1703-8796; Krivonos, Roman/0000-0003-2737-5673 FU NASA [NNG08FD60C]; Russian Science Foundation [14-22-00271]; EU Marie Curie IntraEuropean fellowship [FP-PEOPLE-2012-IEF-331095]; Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Technologie/DeutschesZentrum fur Luf-und R fahrt (BMWI/DLR) [FKZ 50 OR 1408]; Max Planck Society; CONICYT-Chile (Basal-CATA) [PFB-06/2007]; CONICYT-Chile (FONDECYT) [1141218]; CONICYT-Chile ("EMBIGGEN" Anillo) [ACT1101]; Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism's Millennium Science Initiative [IC120009]; NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program-Grant [NNX13AM31]; French Space Agency (CNES) FX This work was supported under NASA Contract No. NNG08FD60C, and made use of data from the NuSTAR mission, a project led by the California Institute of Technology, managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. We thank the NuSTAR Operations, Software and Calibration teams for support with the execution and analysis of these observations. This research has made use of the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software (NuSTARDAS) jointly developed by the ASI Science Data Center (ASDC, Italy) and the California Institute of Technology (USA). R. Krivonos acknowledges support from Russian Science Foundation through grant 14-22-00271. G. Ponti acknowledges support via an EU Marie Curie IntraEuropean fellowship under contract no. FP-PEOPLE-2012-IEF-331095, the Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft und Technologie/DeutschesZentrum fur Luf-und R fahrt (BMWI/DLR, FKZ 50 OR 1408) and the Max Planck Society. F.E. Bauer acknowledges support from CONICYT-Chile (Basal-CATA PFB-06/2007, FONDECYT 1141218, "EMBIGGEN" Anillo ACT1101), and the Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism's Millennium Science Initiative through grant IC120009, awarded to The Millennium Institute of Astrophysics, MAS. S. Zhang is supported by NASA Headquarters under the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship Program-Grant "NNX13AM31." D. Barret acknowledges support from the French Space Agency (CNES). We thank Tahir Yaqoob for useful discussions on the MYTorus model. NR 132 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 2 AR 94 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/94 PG 24 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9KJ UT WOS:000365317300012 ER PT J AU Novati, SC Gould, A Yee, JC Beichman, C Bryden, G Carey, S Fausnaugh, M Gaudi, BS Henderson, CB Pogge, RW Shvartzvald, Y Wibking, B Zhu, W Udalski, A Poleski, R Pawlak, M Szymanski, MK Skowron, J Mroz, P Kozlowski, S Wyrzykowski, L Pietrukowicz, P Pietrzynski, G Soszynski, I Ulaczyk, K AF Novati, S. Calchi Gould, A. Yee, J. C. Beichman, C. Bryden, G. Carey, S. Fausnaugh, M. Gaudi, B. S. Henderson, C. B. Pogge, R. W. Shvartzvald, Y. Wibking, B. Zhu, W. Udalski, A. Poleski, R. Pawlak, M. Szymanski, M. K. Skowron, J. Mroz, P. Kozlowski, S. Wyrzykowski, L. Pietrukowicz, P. Pietrzynski, G. Soszynski, I. Ulaczyk, K. CA Spitzer Team OGLE Grp TI SPITZER IRAC PHOTOMETRY FOR TIME SERIES IN CROWDED FIELDS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing: micro; techniques: photometric ID GRAVITATIONAL LENSING EXPERIMENT; MAGNIFICATION MICROLENSING EVENTS; PARALLAX SATELLITE MASS; EXTRASOLAR PLANET; GALACTIC BULGE; SYSTEMS; STARS AB We develop a new photometry algorithm that is optimized for the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) Spitzer time series in crowded fields and that is particularly adapted to faint or heavily blended targets. We apply this to the 170 targets from the 2015 Spitzer microlensing campaign and present the results of three variants of this algorithm in an online catalog. We present detailed accounts of the application of this algorithm to two difficult cases, one very faint and the other very crowded. Several of Spitzer's instrumental characteristics that drive the specific features of this algorithm are shared by Kepler and WFIRST, implying that these features may prove to be a useful starting point for algorithms designed for microlensing campaigns by these other missions. C1 [Novati, S. Calchi; Beichman, C.] CALTECH, NASA, Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Novati, S. Calchi] Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis ER Caianiello, I-84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy. [Novati, S. Calchi] Ist Int Alti Studi Sci, I-84019 Vietri Sul Mare, SA, Italy. [Gould, A.; Fausnaugh, M.; Gaudi, B. S.; Henderson, C. B.; Pogge, R. W.; Wibking, B.; Zhu, W.; Udalski, A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Yee, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bryden, G.; Henderson, C. B.; Shvartzvald, Y.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Carey, S.] CALTECH, Ctr Sci, Spitzer, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Udalski, A.; Pawlak, M.; Szymanski, M. K.; Skowron, J.; Mroz, P.; Kozlowski, S.; Wyrzykowski, L.; Pietrukowicz, P.; Pietrzynski, G.; Soszynski, I.] Univ Warsaw Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Ulaczyk, K.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. RP Novati, SC (reprint author), CALTECH, NASA, Exoplanet Sci Inst, MS 100-22, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. RI Kozlowski, Szymon/G-4799-2013; Skowron, Jan/M-5186-2014; OI Kozlowski, Szymon/0000-0003-4084-880X; Skowron, Jan/0000-0002-2335-1730; Pogge, Richard/0000-0003-1435-3053 FU JPL grant [1500811]; NASA Postdoctoral Program at Jet Propulsion Laboratory; NASA through Sagan Fellowship Program by NASA Exoplanet Science Institute; NASA by JPL/Caltech; National Science Centre, Poland [MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121] FX We thank J. Ingalls for a useful discussion about PRF fitting with IRAC data. Work by S.C.N., A.G., S.C., J.C.Y., and W.Z. was supported by JPL grant 1500811. Work by Y.S. was supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. Work by J.C.Y. was performed under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. This work is based (in part) on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. Support for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech.; The OGLE project has received funding from the National Science Centre, Poland, grant MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121 to AU. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 2 AR 92 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/92 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9KJ UT WOS:000365317300010 ER PT J AU Shvartzvald, Y Udalski, A Gould, A Han, C Bozza, V Friedmann, M Hundertmark, M Beichman, C Bryden, G Novati, SC Carey, S Fausnaugh, M Gaudi, BS Henderson, CB Kerr, T Pogge, RW Varricatt, W Wibking, B Yee, JC Zhu, W Poleski, R Pawlak, M Szymanski, MK Skowron, J Mroz, P Kozlowski, S Wyrzykowski, L Pietrukowicz, P Pietrzynski, G Soszynski, I Ulaczyk, K Choi, JY Park, H Jung, YK Shin, IG Albrow, MD Park, BG Kim, SL Lee, CU Cha, SM Kim, DJ Lee, Y Maoz, D Kaspi, S Street, RA Tsapras, Y Bachelet, E Dominik, M Bramich, DM Horne, K Snodgrass, C Steele, IA Menzies, J Jaimes, RF Wambsganss, J Schmidt, R Cassan, A Ranc, C Mao, S Dong, SB D'Ago, G Scarpetta, G Verma, P Jorgensen, UG Kerins, E Skottfelt, J AF Shvartzvald, Y. Udalski, A. Gould, A. Han, C. Bozza, V. Friedmann, M. Hundertmark, M. Beichman, C. Bryden, G. Novati, S. Calchi Carey, S. Fausnaugh, M. Gaudi, B. S. Henderson, C. B. Kerr, T. Pogge, R. W. Varricatt, W. Wibking, B. Yee, J. C. Zhu, W. Poleski, R. Pawlak, M. Szymanski, M. K. Skowron, J. Mroz, P. Kozlowski, S. Wyrzykowski, L. Pietrukowicz, P. Pietrzynski, G. Soszynski, I. Ulaczyk, K. Choi, J. -Y. Park, H. Jung, Y. K. Shin, I. -G. Albrow, M. D. Park, B. -G. Kim, S. -L. Lee, C. -U. Cha, S. -M. Kim, D. -J. Lee, Y. Maoz, D. Kaspi, S. Street, R. A. Tsapras, Y. Bachelet, E. Dominik, M. Bramich, D. M. Horne, Keith Snodgrass, C. Steele, I. A. Menzies, J. Jaimes, R. Figuera Wambsganss, J. Schmidt, R. Cassan, A. Ranc, C. Mao, S. Dong, Subo D'Ago, G. Scarpetta, G. Verma, P. Jorgensen, U. G. Kerins, E. Skottfelt, J. CA Spitzer Team OGLE Grp KMTNet Grp Wise Grp RoboNet MiNDSTEp TI SPITZER MICROLENS MEASUREMENT OF A MASSIVE REMNANT IN A WELL-SEPARATED BINARY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE binaries: general; black hole physics; Galaxy: bulge; gravitational lensing: micro; stars: neutron ID GRAVITATIONAL LENSING EXPERIMENT; PARALLAX SATELLITE MASS; GALACTIC BULGE; PROPER MOTIONS; OGLE-III; ASTROMETRY; STARS; PHOTOMETRY; PLANETS; DISTANCE AB We report the detection and mass measurement of a binary lens OGLE-2015-BLG-1285La, b, with the more massive component having M-1 > 1.35M(circle dot) (80% probability). A main-sequence star in this mass range is ruled out by limits on blue light, meaning that a primary in this mass range must be a neutron star (NS) or black hole (BH). The system has a projected separation r(perpendicular to) = 6.1 +/- 0.4 AU and lies in the Galactic bulge. These measurements are based on the "microlens parallax" effect, i.e., comparing the microlensing light curve as seen from Spitzer, which lay at 1.25 AU projected from Earth, to the light curves from four ground-based surveys, three in the optical and one in the near-infrared. Future adaptive optics imaging of the companion by 30 m class telescopes will yield a much more accurate measurement of the primary mass. This discovery both opens the path and defines the challenges to detecting and characterizing BHs and NSs in wide binaries, with either dark or luminous companions. In particular, we discuss lessons that can be applied to future Spitzer and Kepler K2 microlensing parallax observations. C1 [Shvartzvald, Y.; Bryden, G.; Henderson, C. B.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Udalski, A.; Pawlak, M.; Szymanski, M. K.; Skowron, J.; Mroz, P.; Kozlowski, S.; Wyrzykowski, L.; Pietrukowicz, P.; Pietrzynski, G.; Soszynski, I.] Univ Warsaw Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Gould, A.; Fausnaugh, M.; Gaudi, B. S.; Henderson, C. B.; Pogge, R. W.; Wibking, B.; Zhu, W.; Poleski, R.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Han, C.; Choi, J. -Y.; Park, H.; Jung, Y. K.; Shin, I. -G.] Chungbuk Natl Univ, Dept Phys, Cheongju 361763, South Korea. [Bozza, V.; Novati, S. Calchi; Scarpetta, G.] Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis ER Caianiello, I-84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy. [Bozza, V.] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, Naples, Italy. [Friedmann, M.; Maoz, D.; Kaspi, S.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Hundertmark, M.; Jorgensen, U. G.] Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Hundertmark, M.; Jorgensen, U. G.] Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Beichman, C.; Novati, S. Calchi] CALTECH, NASA Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Novati, S. Calchi; D'Ago, G.; Scarpetta, G.; Verma, P.] IIASS, I-84019 Vietri Sul Mare, SA, Italy. [Carey, S.] CALTECH, Ctr Sci, Spitzer, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Kerr, T.; Varricatt, W.] UKIRT, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Yee, J. C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ulaczyk, K.] Univ Warwick, Dept Phys, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Albrow, M. D.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 8020, New Zealand. [Park, B. -G.; Kim, S. -L.; Lee, C. -U.; Cha, S. -M.; Kim, D. -J.; Lee, Y.] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daejon 305348, South Korea. [Cha, S. -M.; Kim, D. -J.; Lee, Y.] Kyung Hee Univ, Sch Space Res, Yongin 446701, South Korea. [Street, R. A.; Bachelet, E.] Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Tsapras, Y.; Wambsganss, J.; Schmidt, R.] Univ Heidelberg ZAH, Zentrum Astron, Astron Rechen Inst, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Bachelet, E.; Bramich, D. M.] Qatar Fdn, Qatar Environm & Energy Res Inst, Doha, Qatar. [Dominik, M.; Horne, Keith; Jaimes, R. Figuera] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, SUPA, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Snodgrass, C.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Planetary & Space Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Steele, I. A.] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool CH41 1LD, Merseyside, England. [Menzies, J.] S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Observatory, South Africa. [Jaimes, R. Figuera] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Cassan, A.; Ranc, C.] UPMC, Univ Paris 04, F-75014 Paris, France. [Cassan, A.; Ranc, C.] CNRS, UMR 7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France. [Mao, S.] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Mao, S.] Tsinghua Univ, Tsinghua Ctr Astrophys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Mao, S.] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observatories, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China. [Mao, S.; Kerins, E.] Univ Manchester, Sch Phys & Astron, Jodrell Bank Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Dong, Subo] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Skottfelt, J.] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Planetary & Space Sci, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. RP Shvartzvald, Y (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RI Ranc, Clement/B-1958-2016; D'Ago, Giuseppe/N-8318-2016; Kozlowski, Szymon/G-4799-2013; Skowron, Jan/M-5186-2014; OI Ranc, Clement/0000-0003-2388-4534; D'Ago, Giuseppe/0000-0001-9697-7331; Kozlowski, Szymon/0000-0003-4084-880X; Skowron, Jan/0000-0002-2335-1730; Dominik, Martin/0000-0002-3202-0343; Snodgrass, Colin/0000-0001-9328-2905 FU NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory; National Science Centre, Poland [MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121]; JPL grant [1500811]; NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program; Creative Research Initiative Program of National Research Foundation of Korea [20090081561]; Polish NCN Harmonia [2012/06/M/ST9/00172]; US Israel Binational Science Foundation; I-CORE program of the Israel Science Foundation; Planning and Budgeting Committee; NPRP grant from the Qatar National Research Fund [X-019-1-006]; Strategic Priority Research Program-The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB09000000]; Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB09000000]; National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [11333003, 11390372]; Villum Foundation; NASA FX Work by Y.S. was supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. The OGLE project has received funding from the National Science Centre, Poland, grant MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121 to AU. Work by J.C.Y., A.G., and S.C. was supported by JPL grant 1500811. Work by J.C.Y. was performed under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Work by C.H. was supported by Creative Research Initiative Program (20090081561) of National Research Foundation of Korea. This research has made the telescopes of KMTNet operated by the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI). L.W. acknowledges support from the Polish NCN Harmonia grant No. 2012/06/M/ST9/00172. D.M. and A.G. acknowledge support by a grant from the US Israel Binational Science Foundation. Work by D.M. is supported by the I-CORE program of the Israel Science Foundation and the Planning and Budgeting Committee. This publication was made possible by NPRP grant # X-019-1-006 from the Qatar National Research Fund (a member of Qatar Foundation) S.D. is supported by "the Strategic Priority Research Program-The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant No. XDB09000000). Work by S.M. has been supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program "The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Grant No. XDB09000000, and by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under grant numbers 11333003 and 11390372. M.P.G.H. acknowledges support from the Villum Foundation. Based on data collected by MiNDSTEp with the Danish 1.54 m telescope at the ESO La Silla observatory. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. The United Kingdom Infrared Telescope (UKIRT) is supported by NASA and operated under an agreement among the University of Hawaii, the University of Arizona, and Lockheed Martin Advanced Technology Center; operations are enabled through the cooperation of the Joint Astronomy Centre of the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the U.K. This work makes use of observations from the LCOGT network, which includes three SUPAscopes owned by the University of St Andrews. The RoboNet programme is an LCOGT Key Project using time allocations from the University of St Andrews, LCOGT, and the University of Heidelberg together with time on the Liverpool Telescope through the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), UK. This research has made use of the LCOGT Archive, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the Las Cumbres Observatory. The Spitzer Team thanks Christopher S. Kochanek for graciously trading us his allocated observing time on the CTIO 1.3 m during the Spitzer campaign. NR 51 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 2 AR 111 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/111 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9KJ UT WOS:000365317300029 ER PT J AU Zhu, W Gould, A Beichman, C Novati, SC Carey, S Gaudi, BS Henderson, CB Penny, M Shvartzvald, Y Yee, JC Udalski, A Poleski, R Skowron, J Kozlowski, S Mroz, P Pietrukowicz, P Pietrzynski, G Szymanski, MK Soszynski, I Ulaczyk, K Wyrzykowski, L Abe, F Barry, RK Bennett, DP Bhattacharya, A Bond, IA Freeman, M Fukui, A Hirao, Y Itow, Y Koshimoto, N Ling, H Masuda, K Matsubara, Y Muraki, Y Nagakane, M Ohnishi, K Saito, T Sullivan, DJ Sumi, T Suzuki, D Tristram, PJ Rattenbury, N Wakiyama, Y Yonehara, A Maoz, D Kaspi, S Friedmann, M AF Zhu, Wei Gould, Andrew Beichman, Charles Novati, Sebastiano Calchi Carey, Sean Gaudi, B. Scott Henderson, Calen B. Penny, Matthew Shvartzvald, Yossi Yee, Jennifer C. Udalski, A. Poleski, R. Skowron, J. Kozlowski, S. Mroz, P. Pietrukowicz, P. Pietrzynski, G. Szymanski, M. K. Soszynski, I. Ulaczyk, K. Wyrzykowski, L. Abe, F. Barry, R. K. Bennett, D. P. Bhattacharya, A. Bond, I. A. Freeman, M. Fukui, A. Hirao, Y. Itow, Y. Koshimoto, N. Ling, H. Masuda, K. Matsubara, Y. Muraki, Y. Nagakane, M. Ohnishi, K. Saito, To. Sullivan, D. J. Sumi, T. Suzuki, D. Tristram, P. J. Rattenbury, N. Wakiyama, Y. Yonehara, A. Maoz, D. Kaspi, S. Friedmann, M. CA OGLE Collaboration MOA Collaboration Wise Grp TI PLANET SENSITIVITY FROM COMBINED GROUND- AND SPACE-BASED MICROLENSING OBSERVATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gravitational lensing: micro; planetary systems ID PARALLAX SATELLITE MASS; SPITZER OBSERVATIONS; EXTRASOLAR PLANETS; MAGNIFICATION; COMPANIONS; STAR; LENS; SYSTEMS; EVENTS; FREQUENCY AB To move one step forward toward a Galactic distribution of planets, we present the first planet sensitivity analysis for microlensing events with simultaneous observations from space and the ground. We present this analysis for two such events, OGLE-2014-BLG-0939 and OGLE-2014-BLG-0124, which both show substantial planet sensitivity even though neither of them reached high magnification. This suggests that an ensemble of low to moderate magnification events can also yield significant planet sensitivity, and therefore probability, for detecting planets. The implications of our results to the ongoing and future space-based microlensing experiments to measure the Galactic distribution of planets are discussed. C1 [Zhu, Wei; Gould, Andrew; Gaudi, B. Scott; Henderson, Calen B.; Penny, Matthew; Poleski, R.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Beichman, Charles; Novati, Sebastiano Calchi] CALTECH, NASA Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Novati, Sebastiano Calchi] Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis ER Caianiello, I-84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy. [Novati, Sebastiano Calchi] IIASS, I-84019 Vietri Sul Mare, SA, Italy. [Carey, Sean] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Henderson, Calen B.; Shvartzvald, Yossi] NASA Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Yee, Jennifer C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Udalski, A.; Poleski, R.; Skowron, J.; Kozlowski, S.; Mroz, P.; Pietrukowicz, P.; Pietrzynski, G.; Szymanski, M. K.; Soszynski, I.; Ulaczyk, K.; Wyrzykowski, L.] Univ Warsaw Observ, PL-00478 Warsaw, Poland. [Abe, F.; Itow, Y.; Masuda, K.; Matsubara, Y.; Muraki, Y.; Wakiyama, Y.] Nagoya Univ, Solar Terr Environm Lab, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Barry, R. K.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Sci Div, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Bennett, D. P.; Bhattacharya, A.; Suzuki, D.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Bond, I. A.; Ling, H.] Massey Univ, North Shore Mail Ctr, Inst Informat & Math Sci, Auckland, New Zealand. [Freeman, M.; Rattenbury, N.] Univ Auckland, Dept Phys, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Fukui, A.] Natl Astron Observ Japan, Okayama Astrophys Observ, Asakuchi, Okayama 7190232, Japan. [Hirao, Y.; Koshimoto, N.; Nagakane, M.; Sumi, T.] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. [Ohnishi, K.] Nagano Natl Coll Technol, Nagano 3818550, Japan. [Saito, To.] Tokyo Metropolitan Coll Aeronaut, Tokyo 1168523, Japan. [Sullivan, D. J.] Victoria Univ, Sch Chem & Phys Sci, Wellington, New Zealand. [Tristram, P. J.] Mt John Univ Observ, Lake Tekapo 8770, New Zealand. [Yonehara, A.] Kyoto Sangyo Univ, Dept Phys, Fac Sci, Kyoto 6038555, Japan. [Maoz, D.; Kaspi, S.; Friedmann, M.] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. RP Zhu, W (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 140 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM weizhu@astronomy.ohio-state.edu RI Kozlowski, Szymon/G-4799-2013; Skowron, Jan/M-5186-2014; OI Kozlowski, Szymon/0000-0003-4084-880X; Skowron, Jan/0000-0002-2335-1730; ZHU, WEI/0000-0003-4027-4711 FU JPL [1500811]; NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program; NASA; National Science Centre, Poland [MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121]; [JSPS23103002]; [JSPS24253004]; [JSPS26247023]; [JSPS25103508]; [23340064] FX Work by W.Z. and A.G. was supported by JPL grant 1500811. Work by J.C.Y. and M.P. was performed under contract with the California Institute of Technology (Caltech)/Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), funded by NASA through the Sagan Fellowship Program executed by the NASA Exoplanet Science Institute. Work by Y.S. is supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. The OGLE project has received funding from the National Science Centre, Poland, grant MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121 to AU. T.S. acknowledges the financial support from JSPS23103002, JSPS24253004, and JSPS26247023. The MOA project is supported by the grant JSPS25103508 and 23340064. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 2 AR 129 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/129 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9KJ UT WOS:000365317300047 ER PT J AU Freudmann, A Mollik, P Tschapka, M Schulze, CH AF Freudmann, Anita Mollik, Philipp Tschapka, Marco Schulze, Christian H. TI Impacts of oil palm agriculture on phyllostomid bat assemblages SO BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Neotropical Chiroptera; Elaeis guineensis; Central America; Human-modified landscapes; Anthropogenic habitat disturbance; Dispersal barrier ID SPECIES RICHNESS; RAIN-FOREST; CHIROPTERA PHYLLOSTOMIDAE; TROPICAL LANDSCAPE; NEOTROPICAL FOREST; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; FRUGIVOROUS BATS; LOS-TUXTLAS; LIVE FENCES; BIODIVERSITY AB Rising global demand for palm oil comes mainly at the expense of tropical forests, and palm plantations are increasing steadily in Latin America. Conversion of forest to oil palm agriculture accelerates biodiversity loss by dramatically altering availability and abundance of resources. Assessing the impact of these monocultures on highly diverse keystone groups such as bats is of particular ecological and economic importance. We compared phyllostomid bat assemblages in mature lowland forest interior, at forest margins and within oil palm plantations in southwestern Costa Rica. A total of 45 mist-netting nights in the late dry season yielded 1235 individual captures from 31 species. Bat assemblages in oil palm plantations were clearly distinct from those at forest sites and exhibited lower species richness, similar to results reported for Southeast Asia. Assemblage structure within oil palm plantations was characterized by increased relative abundance of common frugivorous Stenodermatinae and the loss of rare species, mainly disturbance-sensitive animalivorous Phyllostominae. Although plantations may serve as flyways for highly mobile matrix-tolerant species, even small oil palm plantations seem to act as effective barriers for many others, particularly understory gleaning animalivores. By decreasing landscape permeability even for highly mobile animals such as bats, oil palm agriculture may consequently reduce population connectivity and foster faunal impoverishment, which in turn can diminish crucial ecosystem services provided by bats. The advancing expansion of these monocultures in Latin America calls for appropriate precautionary conservation measures to protect and preserve biodiversity in oil palm growing countries. C1 [Freudmann, Anita; Mollik, Philipp; Schulze, Christian H.] Univ Vienna, Dept Bot & Biodivers Res, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. [Tschapka, Marco] Univ Ulm, Inst Evolutionary Ecol & Conservat Genom, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. [Tschapka, Marco] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Panama. RP Freudmann, A (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Dept Bot & Biodivers Res, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. EM anita.freudmann@gmx.at FU University of Vienna (KWA); Austrian Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy FX AF received partial funding by the University of Vienna (KWA and research scholarship) and the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 43 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0960-3115 EI 1572-9710 J9 BIODIVERS CONSERV JI Biodivers. Conserv. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 24 IS 14 BP 3583 EP 3599 DI 10.1007/s10531-015-1021-6 PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CW6FZ UT WOS:000365094300009 ER PT J AU Diefendorf, AF Leslie, AB Wing, SL AF Diefendorf, Aaron F. Leslie, Andrew B. Wing, Scott L. TI Leaf wax composition and carbon isotopes vary among major conifer groups SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID EOCENE THERMAL MAXIMUM; DELTA-D VALUES; N-ALKANES; LIPID BIOSYNTHESIS; AQUATIC PLANTS; FRACTIONATION; HYDROGEN; TERRESTRIAL; CLIMATE; LEAVES AB Leaf waxes (e.g. n-alkanes, n-alkanoic acids) and their carbon isotopes (delta C-13) are commonly used to track past changes in the carbon cycle, water availability, and plant ecophysiology. Previous studies indicated that conifers have lower n-alkane concentrations than angiosperms and that C-13 fractionation during n-alkane synthesis (epsilon(n-alkane)) is smaller than in angiosperms. These prior studies, however, sampled a limited phylogenetic and geographic subset of conifers, leaving out many important subtropical and Southern Hemisphere groups that were once widespread and common components of fossil assemblages. To expand on previous work, we collected 43 conifer species (and Ginkgo biloba) from the University of California Botanical Garden at Berkeley, sampling all extant conifer families and almost two-thirds of extant genera. We find that Pinaceae, including many North American species used in previous studies, have very low or no n-alkanes. However, other conifer groups have significant concentrations of n-alkanes, especially Southern Hemisphere Araucariaceae and Podocarpaceae (monkey puzzles, Norfolk Island pines, and yellowwoods), and many species of Cupressaceae (junipers and relatives). Within the Cupressaceae, we find total n-alkane concentrations are high in subfamilies Cupressoideae and Callitroideae, but significantly lower in the early diverging taxodioid lineages (including bald cypress and redwood). Individual n-alkane chain lengths have a weak phylogenetic signal, except for n-C-29 alkane, but when combined using average chain length (ACL), a strong phylogenetic signal emerges. The strong phylogenetic signal in ACL, observed in the context of a common growth environment for all plants we sampled, suggests that ACL is strongly influenced by factors other than climate. An analysis of epsilon(n-alkane) indicates a strong phylogenetic signal in which the smallest biosynthetic fractionation occurs in Pinaceae and the largest in Taxaceae (yews and relatives). The relationship between phylogeny and epsilon(n-alkane) may be related to differences in carbon metabolism among conifer clades. These results have important implications for interpreting n-alkane delta C-13 values in sedimentary archives, especially outside of North America. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Diefendorf, Aaron F.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Leslie, Andrew B.] Brown Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Wing, Scott L.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Diefendorf, AF (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM aaron.diefendorf@uc.edu OI Wing, Scott/0000-0002-2954-8905 FU National Science Foundation [EAR-1229114]; American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund (PRF) [51787-DNI2] FX We thank Holly Forbes and the staff at the University of California Botanical Garden at Berkeley for access to specimens and assistance with sample collection. We thank Cindy Looy for assistance with sample collection for earlier preliminary sampling not used in this study. We also thank Justin Dodd and Kevin Mueller for assistance with sampling. Sharmila Giri, Douglas Sberna, Keegan McClannahan, Brian Simpkins, and Katherine Finan are thanked for assistance with sample preparation. We also thank Jeremy Beaulieu and Elisabeth Forrestel for their support with data analysis methods. This research was supported by the National Science Foundation (EAR-1229114 to A.F.D.) and the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund (PRF #51787-DNI2 to A.F.D.). NR 69 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 25 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD DEC 1 PY 2015 VL 170 BP 145 EP 156 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2015.08.018 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA CW2KP UT WOS:000364821400009 ER PT J AU Baker, DM Freeman, CJ Knowlton, N Thacker, RW Kim, K Fogel, ML AF Baker, David M. Freeman, Christopher J. Knowlton, Nancy Thacker, Robert W. Kim, Kiho Fogel, Marilyn L. TI Productivity links morphology, symbiont specificity and bleaching in the evolution of Caribbean octocoral symbioses SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GORGONIAN SOFT CORAL; WATER-QUALITY; SEA-ANEMONE; SYMBIODINIUM; DEPTH; CNIDARIA; NITROGEN; CARBON; HOST; HETEROTROPHY AB Many cnidarians host endosymbiotic dinoflagellates from the genus Symbiodinium. It is generally assumed that the symbiosis is mutualistic, where the host benefits from symbiont photosynthesis while providing protection and photosynthetic substrates. Diverse assemblages of symbiotic gorgonian octocorals can be found in hard bottom communities throughout the Caribbean. While current research has focused on the phylo- and population genetics of gorgonian symbiont types and their photophysiology, relatively less work has focused on biogeochemical benefits conferred to the host and how these benefits vary across host species. Here we examine this symbiosis among 11 gorgonian species collected in Bocas del Toro, Panama. By coupling light and dark bottle incubations (P/R) with C-13-bicarbonate tracers, we quantified the link between holobiont oxygen metabolism with carbon assimilation and translocation from symbiont to host. Our data show that P/R varied among species, and was correlated with colony morphology and polyp size. Sea fans and sea plumes were net autotrophs (P/R>1.5), while nine species of sea rods were net heterotrophs with most below compensation (P/R<1.0). C-13 assimilation corroborated the P/R results, and maximum delta C-13(host) values were strongly correlated with polyp size, indicating higher productivity by colonies with high polyp SA:V. A survey of gorgonian-Symbiodinium associations revealed that productive species maintain specialized, obligate symbioses and are more resistant to coral bleaching, whereas generalist and facultative associations are common among sea rods that have higher bleaching sensitivities. Overall, productivity and polyp size had strong phylogenetic signals with carbon fixation and polyp size showing evidence of trait covariance. C1 [Baker, David M.] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Dept Earth Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Baker, David M.] Univ Hong Kong, Swire Inst Marine Sci, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Baker, David M.; Knowlton, Nancy] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Marine Sci Network, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Baker, David M.; Fogel, Marilyn L.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Freeman, Christopher J.; Thacker, Robert W.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Freeman, Christopher J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Kim, Kiho] Amer Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Washington, DC 20016 USA. RP Baker, DM (reprint author), Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Kadoorie Biol Sci Bldg 3 S-11,Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. EM dmbaker@hku.hk RI Johnson, Selena/K-3541-2013 FU Smithsonian Marine Science Network Fellowship; Keck Foundation; U.S. National Science Foundation [0829986, 1208340] FX We thank Gondola, G Jacome, and the staff of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute's field station at Bocas del Toro for assistance with field and lab logistics. A Frederick assisted with sample preparation. R Bowden provided support for isotope analyses at the Geophysical Laboratory. Two anonymous reviewers provided constructive feedback. Financial support was provided by the Smithsonian Marine Science Network Fellowship to DMB, the Keck Foundation to MLF, and the U.S. National Science Foundation under grants 0829986 and 1208340 to RWT. NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 19 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1751-7362 EI 1751-7370 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 9 IS 12 BP 2620 EP 2629 DI 10.1038/ismej.2015.71 PG 10 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA CW6GA UT WOS:000365094400007 PM 25989369 ER PT J AU Carvalho, AF Menezes, RST Somavilla, A Costa, MA Del Lama, MA AF Carvalho, A. F. Menezes, R. S. T. Somavilla, A. Costa, M. A. Del Lama, M. A. TI Neotropical Polistinae (Vespidae) and the Progression Rule Principle: the Round-Trip Hypothesis SO NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biogeography; center of origin; colonization routes; phylogeny; social wasps ID SOCIAL WASPS HYMENOPTERA; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; SAUSSURE HYMENOPTERA; HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; GENUS SYNOECA; CHARACTERS; EPIPONINI; EVOLUTION; ATLANTIC AB The progression rule principle is based on the relation between centers of origin and basal forms, and the prediction that recently colonized areas are where novelties commonly occur. Using this concept as the null hypothesis, the aim of the present study was to test whether intuitive predictions of this model are confirmed in the Neotropical paper wasps, a group fairly studied through phylogenetic frameworks. The analyses consisted of a careful review of the distribution of different wasps of the subfamily Polistinae with available phylogenies and the association of this information with colonization routes. This procedure allowed the determination of a two-step colonization process in the Neotropical region based on the progression rule principle, for which the round-trip hypothesis is proposed. The first route (east to west) is seen in a small group of Polistes. This route is rare but strengthens the arising of paper wasps in the Americas in a Gondwanan scenario. The second route (west to east) is remarkably repeated in several other lineages. Thus, the northwestern Neotropics, mainly Amazon Forest, is proposed as the major center of origins for living Neotropical Polistinae and the round-trip hypothesis may explain both earlier and later colonization routes of the paper wasps analyzed. C1 [Carvalho, A. F.; Del Lama, M. A.] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Gene & Evolucao, BR-13560 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Carvalho, A. F.] CUNY, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Carvalho, A. F.; Menezes, R. S. T.; Costa, M. A.] Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Ctr Biotecnol & Genet, Ilheus, BA, Brazil. [Menezes, R. S. T.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Somavilla, A.] Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Coordenacao Biodiversidade, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. RP Carvalho, AF (reprint author), Univ Estadual Santa Cruz, Ctr Biotecnol & Genet, Ilheus, BA, Brazil. EM dcarvalhoaf@gmail.com RI Menezes, Rodolpho/B-2952-2014 OI Menezes, Rodolpho/0000-0002-6612-3543 FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [DR 2011/13391-2, BEPE 2013/04317-9]; Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES) [PNPD 1462228] FX Fernando B. Noll, Marjorie Silva (both from UNESP, Brasil), Marcos Robalinho Lima (UnB, Brasil), Gilberto Santos (UEFS, Brasil), Reinaldo Brito, Evandro Moraes (both from UFSCar, Brasil), and three anonymous reviewers read the manuscript and their comments helped us to improve the text. AFC is grateful to Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP, processes numbers DR 2011/13391-2 and BEPE 2013/04317-9) and to Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES, PNPD 1462228) for financial support. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC BRASIL PI LONDRINA, PA CAIXA POSTAL 481, 86001-970 LONDRINA,, PR, BRAZIL SN 1519-566X EI 1678-8052 J9 NEOTROP ENTOMOL JI Neotrop. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 44 IS 6 BP 596 EP 603 DI 10.1007/s13744-015-0324-3 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CW5JB UT WOS:000365030500010 PM 26429579 ER PT J AU Ickert-Bond, SM Gerrath, JM Posluszny, U Wen, J AF Ickert-Bond, Stefanie M. Gerrath, Jean M. Posluszny, Usher Wen, Jun TI Inflorescence development in the Vitis-Ampelocissus clade of Vitaceae: the unusual lamellate inflorescence of Pterisanthes SO BOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Ampelocissus; Ampelocissus-Vitis clade; lamellate inflorescence; Pterisanthes; thyrse; Vitaceae ID ANATOMICAL DEVELOPMENT; FLORAL DEVELOPMENT; GRAPE FAMILY; PHYLOGENETIC IMPLICATIONS; COMPARATIVE ONTOGENY; SHOOT ARCHITECTURE; LEEA-GUINEENSIS; PARTHENOCISSUS; MORPHOLOGY; EVOLUTION AB Pterisanthes (Vitaceae) is a genus of c. 20 species of scandent climbers endemic to Southeast Asia with unusual lamellate inflorescences. Molecular phylogenetic analysis supports its relationship in the well-supported Vitis-Ampelocissus-Nothocissus-Pterisanthes clade (i.e. the Ampelocissus-Vitis clade). Shoot tips and floral buds were collected from wild and greenhouse-grown P.eriopoda at different developmental stages and were examined using epi-illumination, light and scanning electron microscopy. Inflorescence and floral ontogeny was studied to discover how the lamellate inflorescence evolved and to make morphological comparisons to infer relationships with closely related members of Vitaceae. The second-order branches in P.eriopoda are racemose and develop helically around the inflorescence axis in a similar fashion to Vitis and Ampelocissus. Inflorescence branching is restricted to the second order in P.eriopoda, whereas in Vitis and most Ampelocissus species subsequent branching orders culminate in the typical vitaceous determinate dichasium. In P.eriopoda subsequent lateral growth of the second-order branches combined with the inhibition of peduncle or pedicel formation and loss of dichasial branching results in the unique lamellae in Pterisanthes, on which the floral primordia arise directly in a helical pattern. Floral development in P.eriopoda is the same as in other genera of Vitaceae examined to date with initiation of floral whorls centripetally, the calyx ring developing first and calyx lobes fused to cover the petals and stamen primordia. Given the recent phylogenetic results that placed Pterisanthes firmly within Ampelocissus, the most likely scenario is that the Pterisanthes inflorescence is derived from the thyrse of an Ampelocissus-like ancestor and that the thyrse is a morphological synapomorphy of the Ampelocissus-Vitis clade. (c) 2015 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2015, 179, 725-741. C1 [Ickert-Bond, Stefanie M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, UA Museum North, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Ickert-Bond, Stefanie M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Gerrath, Jean M.; Posluszny, Usher] Univ Guelph, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Wen, Jun] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Bot, MRC 166, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Ickert-Bond, SM (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, UA Museum North, 907 Yukon Dr,POB 756960, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM smickertbond@alaska.edu RI Ickert-Bond, Stefanie/B-3216-2012 OI Ickert-Bond, Stefanie/0000-0001-8198-8898 FU Smithsonian Senior Fellowship; US National Science Foundation [DEB 0743474, 0743499]; Smithsonian Competitive Grants Program for Science FX We thank Robert Mullen, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, for use of his laboratory, the Smithsonian Botany Department greenhouse staff for their excellent care of the cultivated Pterisanthes specimens, and Sue Lutz and Stanley Yankowski for their support in the Plant Anatomy Lab of the Botany Department and their assistance with SEM at the Smithsonian Institution. The photographs of Ampelocissus thyrsiflora were kindly provided by Campbell O. Webb, those of Ampelocissus latifolia are by Dinesh Valke, those of Cissus rotundifolia are by Leslie Brothers and Pawel Stankiewicz took the images of Vitis riparia. This project was funded, in part, by a Smithsonian Senior Fellowship to S.I.B., and grants from the US National Science Foundation to J.W. and J.G. (DEB 0743474 and 0743499), and the Smithsonian Competitive Grants Program for Science. NR 61 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0024-4074 EI 1095-8339 J9 BOT J LINN SOC JI Bot. J. Linnean Soc. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 179 IS 4 BP 725 EP 741 DI 10.1111/boj.12348 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA CV8JN UT WOS:000364530400011 ER PT J AU Barberan, A McGuire, KL Wolf, JA Jones, FA Wright, SJ Turner, BL Essene, A Hubbell, SP Faircloth, BC Fierer, N AF Barberan, Albert McGuire, Krista L. Wolf, Jeffrey A. Jones, F. Andrew Wright, Stuart Joseph Turner, Benjamin L. Essene, Adam Hubbell, Stephen P. Faircloth, Brant C. Fierer, Noah TI Relating belowground microbial composition to the taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional trait distributions of trees in a tropical forest SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Bacteria; Barro Colorado Island; functional traits; fungi; microbial ecology; phylogeny; roots; soil; trees; tropical forest ID FUNGAL COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; PLANT DIVERSITY; SOIL NUTRIENTS; DNA; PRODUCTIVITY; COEXISTENCE; ALIGNMENTS; SEQUENCES; WORLDWIDE; ECOLOGY AB The complexities of the relationships between plant and soil microbial communities remain unresolved. We determined the associations between plant aboveground and belowground (root) distributions and the communities of soil fungi and bacteria found across a diverse tropical forest plot. Soil microbial community composition was correlated with the taxonomic and phylogenetic structure of the aboveground plant assemblages even after controlling for differences in soil characteristics, but these relationships were stronger for fungi than for bacteria. In contrast to expectations, the species composition of roots in our soil core samples was a poor predictor of microbial community composition perhaps due to the patchy, ephemeral, and highly overlapping nature of fine root distributions. Our ability to predict soil microbial composition was not improved by incorporating information on plant functional traits suggesting that the most commonly measured plant traits are not particularly useful for predicting the plot-level variability in belowground microbial communities. C1 [Barberan, Albert; Fierer, Noah] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [McGuire, Krista L.] Columbia Univ, Barnard Coll, Dept Biol, New York, NY USA. [McGuire, Krista L.; Wolf, Jeffrey A.] Columbia Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Environm Biol, New York, NY USA. [Wolf, Jeffrey A.; Hubbell, Stephen P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Jones, F. Andrew] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Jones, F. Andrew; Wright, Stuart Joseph; Turner, Benjamin L.; Hubbell, Stephen P.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Essene, Adam] Fordham Univ, Dept Biol Sci, New York, NY 10023 USA. [Faircloth, Brant C.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Faircloth, Brant C.] Louisiana State Univ, Museum Nat Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Fierer, Noah] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Fierer, N (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM noah.fierer@colorado.edu RI Turner, Benjamin/E-5940-2011; Wright, Stuart/M-3311-2013; OI Turner, Benjamin/0000-0002-6585-0722; Wright, Stuart/0000-0003-4260-5676; Faircloth, Brant/0000-0002-1943-0217 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB-0953331]; Oregon State University; National Science Foundation [DEB-1257976, DEB-0640386, DEB-0425651, DEB-0346488, DEB-0129874, DEB-00753102, DEB-9909347, DEB-9615226, DEB-9405933, DEB-9221033, DEB-9100058, DEB-8906869, DEB-8605042, DEB-8206992, DEB-7922197]; James S. McDonnell Postdoctoral Fellowship; Center for Tropical Forest Science; Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; John D. and the Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; Mellon Foundation; Small World Institute Fund FX We thank the Center for Tropical Forest Science for logistical support and Jonathan W. Leff for help with the sequence processing. Soil sampling and export permits were granted by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute to K.M. This work was supported in part by grants from the U.S. National Science Foundation (to N.F., DEB-0953331). Root work was supported by a Scholarly studies grant to SPH and BCF. FAJ acknowledges support from Oregon State University and the National Science Foundation (DEB-1257976). A.B. was supported by a James S. McDonnell Postdoctoral Fellowship. The BCI Forest Dynamics Research Project was made possible by the National Science Foundation grants to SPH: DEB-0640386, DEB-0425651, DEB-0346488, DEB-0129874, DEB-00753102, DEB-9909347, DEB-9615226, DEB-9615226, DEB-9405933, DEB-9221033, DEB-9100058, DEB-8906869, DEB-8605042, DEB-8206992, DEB-7922197, support from the Center for Tropical Forest Science, the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, the John D. and the Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, the Mellon Foundation, the Small World Institute Fund, and numerous private individuals, and through the hard work of over 100 people from 10 countries over the past two decades. The plot project is part the Center for Tropical Forest Science, a global network of large-scale demographic tree plots. NR 49 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 20 U2 123 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X EI 1461-0248 J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1397 EP 1405 DI 10.1111/ele.12536 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV8GI UT WOS:000364519000013 PM 26472095 ER PT J AU Hines, J Eisenhauer, N Drake, BG AF Hines, Jes Eisenhauer, Nico Drake, Bert G. TI Inter-annual changes in detritus-based food chains can enhance plant growth response to elevated atmospheric CO2 SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE atmospheric carbon dioxide; decomposition; food chain length; global change; multi-trophic interactions; primary production; soil macrofauna; wetland ID CHESAPEAKE BAY WETLAND; CARBON-DIOXIDE; TERRESTRIAL ISOPODS; NUTRIENT DYNAMICS; MARSH VEGETATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TIDAL WETLAND; SEA-LEVEL; DECOMPOSITION; LITTER AB Elevated atmospheric CO2 generally enhances plant growth, but the magnitude of the effects depend, in part, on nutrient availability and plant photosynthetic pathway. Due to their pivotal role in nutrient cycling, changes in abundance of detritivores could influence the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on essential ecosystem processes, such as decomposition and primary production. We conducted a field survey and a microcosm experiment to test the influence of changes in detritus-based food chains on litter mass loss and plant growth response to elevated atmospheric CO2 using two wetland plants: a C-3 sedge (Scirpus olneyi) and a C-4 grass (Spartina patens). Our field study revealed that organism's sensitivity to climate increased with trophic level resulting in strong inter-annual variation in detritus-based food chain length. Our microcosm experiment demonstrated that increased detritivore abundance could not only enhance decomposition rates, but also enhance plant growth of S.olneyi in elevated atmospheric CO2 conditions. In contrast, we found no evidence that changes in the detritus-based food chains influenced the growth of S.patens. Considered together, these results emphasize the importance of approaches that unite traditionally subdivided food web compartments and plant physiological processes to understand inter-annual variation in plant production response to elevated atmospheric CO2. C1 [Hines, Jes; Drake, Bert G.] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Hines, Jes; Eisenhauer, Nico] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Hines, Jes; Eisenhauer, Nico] Univ Leipzig, Inst Biol, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. RP Hines, J (reprint author), Deutsch Pl 5e, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. EM jessica.hines@idiv.de RI Eisenhauer, Nico/I-5932-2012; iDiv, Deutsches Zentrum/B-5164-2016; Hines, Jes/L-7668-2016 OI Hines, Jes/0000-0002-9129-5179 FU EPA-STAR fellowship [FP-91648701-1]; German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig; German Research Foundation [FZT 118] FX We thank Yuri Mori, Hayes Biche, and Gary Peresta for help in the field, John Erickson and members of the crab laboratory for providing EFS, and Meng Lu for providing climate data. This work was funded by EPA-STAR fellowship FP-91648701-1 to JH. Further support came from the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, funded by the German Research Foundation (FZT 118). NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 21 IS 12 BP 4642 EP 4650 DI 10.1111/gcb.12965 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CW1UO UT WOS:000364777400029 PM 25953075 ER PT J AU Budd, C Zimmer, E Freeland, JR AF Budd, Cara Zimmer, Elizabeth Freeland, Joanna R. TI Conservation genetics of Magnolia acuminata, an endangered species in Canada: Can genetic diversity be maintained in fragmented, peripheral populations? SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Magnolia acuminata; Genetic diversity; Habitat fragmentation; Core populations; Peripheral populations; Genetic differentiation ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; NORTH-AMERICA; TREE; DNA; CONSEQUENCES; FLOW; DIFFERENTIATION; SEQUENCES; INFERENCE AB The genetic diversity of peripheral populations is potentially important to the future adaptive capacity of species, although may be difficult to predict. A large number of species-at-risk in Canada are at the northern edge of their distribution, and many of these live in fragmented habitat. We used nuclear and chloroplast markers to assess patterns of genetic diversity and differentiation within and among populations of Canadian Magnolia acuminata (Cucumber tree), an endangered species in Canada that extends as far north as the fragmented Carolinian forest in southern Ontario. We also compared the genetic composition of Canadian M. acuminata to populations sampled throughout its central distribution in the USA. We found a high proportion of shared microsatellite alleles, plus a single cpDNA haplotype, distributed throughout the entire M. acuminata range. We also found that despite occupying fragmented habitat at their range periphery, Canadian populations showed little reduction in genetic diversity relative to the USA populations, and we attribute this to effective historical dispersal in a long-lived, polyploid species. However, a combination of private alleles, genetic substructuring, and lower levels of genetic diversity in seedlings compared to mature trees, suggests that current levels of gene flow are relatively low among Canadian populations. Therefore, despite high levels of genetic diversity in Canadian M. acuminata, managers should be aware that without intervention, populations will likely become increasingly isolated and experience a reduction in genetic diversity which in turn may threaten their long-term survival in Canada. C1 [Budd, Cara] Trent Univ, Environm & Life Sci Grad Program, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Zimmer, Elizabeth] Smithsonian Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Freeland, Joanna R.] Trent Univ, Dept Biol, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. RP Freeland, JR (reprint author), Trent Univ, Dept Biol, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. EM joannafreeland@trentu.ca FU Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Species at Risk Research Fund; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Species at Risk Stewardship Fund; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (JF Discovery Grant); Trent University FX Many thanks to Graham Buck and Donald Kirk of the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources for assistance with permits and location information; Danny Bernard of the Big Creek Conservation Authority for providing access to, and knowledge about, trees within the National Wildlife Area; Dave Holmes of the Long Point Conservation Authority; Deborah Dale of the North American Native Plant Society; Jennifer Paul and Adam Wilford for assistance with fieldwork; Richard Figler and members of the Magnolia Society for collecting plant tissue from USA sites. Sampling in Ontario was conducted under Permit GU-B-018-11 issued under the Endangered Species Act. Financial support was provided by an Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Species at Risk Research Fund awarded to JF, an Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Species at Risk Stewardship Fund awarded to JF, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (JF Discovery Grant), and Trent University. NR 95 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 35 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 EI 1572-9737 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 16 IS 6 BP 1359 EP 1373 DI 10.1007/s10592-015-0746-9 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA CV0QZ UT WOS:000363957700008 ER PT J AU DeBose, JL Kiene, RP Paul, VJ AF DeBose, Jennifer L. Kiene, Ronald P. Paul, Valerie J. TI Eggs and larvae of Acropora palmata and larvae of Porites astreoides contain high amounts of dimethylsulfoniopropionate SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DMSP; Coral reefs; Broadcast spawn; Brooding coral; Parental provisioning; Symbiodinium ID GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; SYMBIODINIUM-MICROADRIATICUM; DMSP CONCENTRATIONS; CHEMICAL DEFENSE; SULFUR-COMPOUNDS; ECOLOGICAL ROLE; THERMAL-STRESS; CORALS; TEMPERATURE; ALGAE AB Coral holobionts, including their symbionts, are known to produce large amounts of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), a compound which some corals use to mitigate oxidative stress; however, very little work has been done on the presence and use of DMSP in early life history stages of coral, such as in eggs and larvae. This study shows that eggs and larvae, from Acropora palmata, and brooded larvae, from Porites astreoides, also contain high amounts of DMSP. Eggs and larvae of wild A. palmata were collected and contained extremely high levels of DMSP: 1.2 mu mol per larva and 359 mu mol per 100 mu. eggs. Larvae of P. astreoides were collected in flow-through laboratory tanks, from wild-collected parent colonies, over the course of the larval release cycle. In brooded larvae of P. astreoides, the amount of DMSP in larvae ranged from 11.6 to 1510 nmol per larva; larval DMSP peaked by the second night of release and then decreased over the following release nights. These high levels in aposymbiotic eggs and larvae of A. palmata and the peaking trend in symbiotic larvae of P. astreoides are suggestive of parental provisioning. Given the large amounts of DMSP found in eggs and larvae, this study provides further evidence that even early life stages of the coral holobiont may benefit from the presence of DMSP. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [DeBose, Jennifer L.; Paul, Valerie J.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Kiene, Ronald P.] Univ S Alabama, Dept Marine Sci, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. [Kiene, Ronald P.] Dauphin Isl Sea Lab, Dauphin Isl, AL 36528 USA. RP DeBose, JL (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Ctr Trop Water & Aquat Ecosyst Res, Catchment Reef Res Grp, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. EM jenndebose@gmail.com; rkiene@disl.org; paul@si.edu FU Smithsonian Marine Science Network; Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystems (CCRE) Program; American Philosophical Society; National Science Foundation [OCE-0928968, OCE-1342699]; CCRE Program [977] FX Funding was provided by the Smithsonian Marine Science Network, Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystems (CCRE) Program and American Philosophical Society (to J.L.D.). Additional support was provided by the National Science Foundation (grants OCE-0928968 and OCE-1342699 to R.P.K). Thanks to R. Baker, R. Ritson-Williams, J. Sneed, W. Lee, CCRE Station managers and field assistants, and A. Rellinger for field and laboratory assistance. Contribution number 1004 of the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce and 977 of the CCRE Program [ss]. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 EI 1879-1697 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 473 BP 146 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2015.08.015 PG 6 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CV4TI UT WOS:000364259000017 ER PT J AU Osman, RW AF Osman, Richard W. TI Regional variation in the colonization of experimental substrates by sessile marine invertebrates: Local vs. regional control of diversity SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Species richness; Colonization; Immigration/extinction; Recruitment; Regional diversity; Fouling community ID SPECIES-DIVERSITY; LARVAL DISPERSAL; COMMUNITY SATURATION; INVASION RESISTANCE; FOULING COMMUNITY; SMALL SCALES; PREDATION; RECRUITMENT; CONSEQUENCES; POPULATIONS AB The degree to which local factors interact with a broader regional pool of species to control species diversity on various spatial scales continues to be debated. For marine systems, recruitment has been identified as a critical element uniting local communities within regions. Most studies have addressed this question over large biogeographic scales encompassing multiple regions. Regional species pools are usually defined as fixed and the degree to which this pool is found on a local scale is often used as a measure of regional influence. Usually the degree to which local communities vary temporally and how this relates to the regional pool is not examined. Given that recruitment links local sites within regions and is a temporally dynamic process, it is important to include temporal variation in the regional vs. local control debate; especially given that regional pools themselves are changing much more rapidly with the invasion of new species. Here the results of a study of the colonization of experimental panels at 28 sites within a region encompassing 200 km of the California coast are used to address this question. This study examined experimentally the temporal and spatial variation in species and contrasted intraregional and local factors. At 22 of these sites, all within 15 km of each other, identical colonization experiments were followed for as long as 3 years. Results of these experiments demonstrated that there was some regional control through the seasonal variation in recruitment, but that strong local effects greatly altered the regional input. Substrates of the same size at the same station usually accumulated the same number of species, but among stations mean diversity ranged from 10 to 50 species per substrate. Differences between sites were a function of more localized recruitment than expected and normal post-recruitment processes of competitive dominance, disturbance, and predation that affected the rates at which species were lost. The colonization of most substrates resulted in their attaining an asymptotic or equilibrium diversity maintained by a balance between species immigration and local extinction. Nevertheless, on most substrates diversity fluctuated much more than predicted by an equilibrium model. The similarity in species richness on substrates at the same site regardless of initial exposure time, the large differences among substrates from different sites, the similar pattern of differences among the sites for panels of different sizes, and the resilience of communities to disturbance and their return to the diversity characteristic of a site all argue for strong local factors controlling the diversity within the region. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. RP Osman, RW (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM osmanr@si.edu FU Marine Review Committee of the California Coastal Commission FX Without the thoughtful criticism and dedicated assistance in the field and laboratory of J. Deacon, J. Haugsness, and C. Mann this work would not have been possible. Discussions with J. Connell, T. Dean, L. Deysher, J. Dixon, J. Kastendiek, S. Schroeter, and particularly R. Day were extremely important. I would also like to thank D. Breitburg, T. Dean, K. Heck, J. Sanders, and R. Whitlatch for reviewing various drafts of this report. I am grateful to the directors and staff of both the Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara and Santa Catalina Island Marine Laboratory of the University of Southern California for their support. The original work was supported by grants from the Marine Review Committee of the California Coastal Commission. Recent support from the Smithsonian Institution and the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center enabled the reanalysis of the data. [SS] NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-0981 EI 1879-1697 J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 473 BP 227 EP 286 DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2015.08.004 PG 60 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CV4TI UT WOS:000364259000027 ER PT J AU Serna, Y Velez, M Escobar, J AF Serna, Y. Velez, M. I. Escobar, J. TI Microscopic organic matter particles in late Holocene riparian sediments near the Cauca River, Colombia SO JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Organic matter extraction; Palynofacies; Fluvio-palustrine environments; Neotropics; Late Holocene ID LACUSTRINE SEDIMENTS; FRANCE; PALYNOFACIES; ENVIRONMENTS; FACIES; BASIN AB We conducted a palynofacies analysis on late Holocene fluvio-palustrine sediments from a succession that outcrops as a terrace proximal to the Cauca River, Colombia, in northern South America. The succession is composed of laminated clay, organic-rich laminae, sand beds and buried soils. These buried soils range in thickness from 2 to 16 cm and are composed of silty clay with varying degrees of root bioturbation and have a gray-green-bluish color. They could classify as Entisols and in this article we refer to them as paleosols. Samples from each of these sediment types (except sand), and samples from two modern-analog environments, also on the proximal part of the Cauca River, i.e. sediment from a seasonally flooded pond and the upper-most layer of a modern soil, were analyzed for organic matter content. Prior to selection of an organic matter extraction method, four protocols were tested on the modern pond sediment sample. A modified protocol involving flotation with ZnCl2 proved to be the best method for these sediment types. We produced an atlas of the main taxa and their relative proportions found in this study and propose this method as an excellent approach to environmental reconstruction of fluvial environments. Very little work has been done on fluvio-palustrine palynofacies in the Neotropics. C1 [Serna, Y.] Univ Norte, Dept Fis, Grp Fis Aplicada Oceano & Atmosfera, Barranquilla, Colombia. [Serna, Y.] Corp Geol ARES, Bogota, Colombia. [Velez, M. I.] Univ Regina, Dept Geol, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada. [Escobar, J.] Univ Norte, Dept Ingn Civil & Ambiental, Barranquilla, Colombia. [Escobar, J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Serna, Y (reprint author), Univ Norte, Dept Fis, Grp Fis Aplicada Oceano & Atmosfera, Barranquilla, Colombia. EM yulianas@uninorte.edu.co FU Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) [CRN3038]; US National Science Foundation [GEO-1128040]; Colciencias (Fondo para la Ciencia, la Tecnologia y la Innovacion) FX We thank the Colloids Research Group at the University of Antioquia and Director Dr. Herley Casanova, for unconditional support and use of laboratory facilities, and suggestions for protocols to extract organic matter. We also thank Drs. Milton Rueda, Ricardo Callejas, Astrid Blandon and Mr. Oscar Jaramillo for technical assistance. This work was carried out with the aid of a grant from the Inter-American Institute for Global Change Research (IAI) CRN3038, which is supported by the US National Science Foundation (Grant GEO-1128040). Y. Serna was supported by Colciencias (Fondo para la Ciencia, la Tecnologia y la Innovacion). NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2728 EI 1573-0417 J9 J PALEOLIMNOL JI J. Paleolimn. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 54 IS 4 BP 325 EP 344 DI 10.1007/s10933-015-9855-1 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CU9WX UT WOS:000363898700004 ER PT J AU Wolfe, BT Kursar, TA AF Wolfe, Brett T. Kursar, Thomas A. TI Diverse patterns of stored water use among saplings in seasonally dry tropical forests SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Capacitance; Drought; Functional groups; Leaf phenology; Tree physiology ID SEMI-DECIDUOUS FOREST; FUNCTIONAL-SIGNIFICANCE; BIOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES; SAPWOOD CAPACITANCE; STORAGE CAPACITY; SHADE-TOLERANCE; WOOD DENSITY; COSTA-RICA; TREES; DROUGHT AB Tree species in seasonally dry tropical forests likely vary in their drought-survival mechanisms. Drought-deciduousness, which reduces water loss, and low wood density, which may permit dependence on stored water, are considered key traits. For saplings of six species at two distinct sites, we studied these and two associated traits: the seasonal amount of water released per stem volume ("water released") and the hydraulic capacitance of the stem (C). Two deciduous species with low stem density, Cavanillesia platanifolia and Bursera simaruba, had high C and high dry-season stem water potential (I (stem)), but differed in dry-season water released. C. platanifolia did not use stored water during the dry season whereas B. simaruba, in a drier forest, released stored water. In both, water released was highest while flushing leaves, suggesting that stored water supports leaf flushing. In contrast, two deciduous species with intermediate stem density, Annona hayesii and Genipa americana, had intermediate C, low dry-season I (stem), and high seasonal change in water released. Meanwhile, two evergreen species with intermediate stem density, Cojoba rufescens and Astronium graveolens, had relatively low C, low dry-season I (stem), and intermediate seasonal change in water released. Thus, at least three, distinct stored-water-use strategies were observed. Additionally, bark relative water content (RWC) decreased along with I (stem) during the dry season while xylem RWC did not change, suggesting that bark-stored water buffers I (stem) seasonally. Together these results suggest that seasonal use of stored water and change in I (stem) are associated with functional groups that are characterized by combinations of deciduousness and stem density. C1 [Wolfe, Brett T.; Kursar, Thomas A.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Wolfe, Brett T.; Kursar, Thomas A.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Wolfe, BT (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM btwolfe@gmail.com FU Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute; Garden Club of America; University of Utah; National Science Foundation GK-12 Program fellowship from the University of Utah's Think Globally Teach Locally Program; National Science Foundation [DEB-0444590] FX B. T. W. was supported by a short-term fellowship from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, an Award in Tropical Botany from the Garden Club of America, a University of Utah Graduate Research Fellowship, and a National Science Foundation GK-12 Program fellowship from the University of Utah's Think Globally Teach Locally Program. Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation grant DEB-0444590 to T. A. K. We thank Joe Wright for advice and logistical support; Sarah Bruemmer and Mark de Guzman for field and lab assistance; and Duncan Smith, Frederick Meinzer, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript. This study was completed with the permission of the Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente de la Republica de Panama. NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 44 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 EI 1432-1939 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD DEC PY 2015 VL 179 IS 4 BP 925 EP 936 DI 10.1007/s00442-015-3329-z PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV4HE UT WOS:000364226900001 PM 26025573 ER PT J AU Dangremond, EM Feller, IC Sousa, WP AF Dangremond, Emily M. Feller, Ilka C. Sousa, Wayne P. TI Environmental tolerances of rare and common mangroves along light and salinity gradients SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Mangrove; Distribution; Rarity; Stress tolerance; Pelliciera rhizophorae ID RHIZOPHORA-MANGLE L; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; PELLICIERA-RHIZOPHORAE; REGIONAL DISTRIBUTION; GEOGRAPHICAL RANGE; FIELD CONDITIONS; NICHE BREADTH; GROWTH; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; FOREST AB Although mangroves possess a variety of morphological and physiological adaptations for life in a stressful habitat, interspecific differences in survival and growth under different environmental conditions can shape their local and geographic distributions. Soil salinity and light are known to affect mangrove performance, often in an interactive fashion. It has also been hypothesized that mangroves are intrinsically shade intolerant due to the high physiological cost of coping with saline flooded soils. To evaluate the relationship between stress tolerance and species distributions, we compared responses of seedlings of three widespread mangrove species and one narrow endemic mangrove species in a factorial array of light levels and soil salinities in an outdoor laboratory experiment. The more narrowly distributed species was expected to exhibit a lower tolerance of potentially stressful conditions. Two of the widespread species, Avicennia germinans and Lumnitzera racemosa, survived and grew well at low-medium salinity, regardless of light level, but performed poorly at high salinity, particularly under high light. The third widespread species, Rhizophora mangle, responded less to variation in light and salinity. However, at high salinity, its relative growth rate was low at every light level and none of these plants flushed leaves. As predicted, the rare species, Pelliciera rhizophorae, was the most sensitive to environmental stressors, suffering especially high mortality and reduced growth and quantum yield under the combined conditions of high light and medium-high salinity. That it only thrives under shaded conditions represents an important exception to the prevailing belief that halophytes are intrinsically constrained to be shade intolerant. C1 [Dangremond, Emily M.; Sousa, Wayne P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Dangremond, EM (reprint author), Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, 647 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. EM dangremonde@si.edu OI Feller, Ilka/0000-0002-6391-1608 FU Link Foundation; National Science Foundation; NSF [DEB-0613741] FX The authors thank Woody Lee for assisting with field and experimental logistics at the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce (SMS), and Eric Brown for his help collecting Pelliciera propagules in Panama. Revisions suggested by Paul Fine, Perry de Valpine, and Betsy Mitchell to an early draft of the manuscript greatly improved the final version. The work in Florida was supported by graduate research fellowships to EMD from the Link Foundation and the National Science Foundation. The experiments comply with the current laws of the United States where they were performed. The collection of mangrove propagules in Panama was funded by NSF grant DEB-0613741 to WPS, and conducted under research permit SC/P-19-10 and export permit SEX/P-26-10 to EMD from the Autoridad Nacional del Ambiente, Panama. This is SMS Contribution No. 999. NR 74 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 127 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 EI 1432-1939 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD DEC PY 2015 VL 179 IS 4 BP 1187 EP 1198 DI 10.1007/s00442-015-3408-1 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CV4HE UT WOS:000364226900023 PM 26267403 ER PT J AU Brown, GP Kelehear, C Shilton, CM Phillips, BL Shine, R AF Brown, Gregory P. Kelehear, Crystal Shilton, Catherine M. Phillips, Benjamin L. Shine, Rick TI Stress and immunity at the invasion front: a comparison across cane toad (Rhinella marina) populations SO BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE amphibian; Bufo marinus; fat bodies; immunocompetence; immune response; Rhabdias pseudosphaerocephala; spleen size ID EXPANDING RANGE-EDGE; LIFE-HISTORY; BUFO-MARINUS; SPLEEN MASS; TROPICAL AUSTRALIA; RAPID EVOLUTION; EXPANSION; DISPERSAL; SYSTEM; HOST AB At an invasion front, energetic and physiological trade-offs may differ from those at the range-core as a result of selection for enhanced dispersal, combined with a low density of conspecifics (which reduces pathogen transmission and competition for food). We measured traits related to energy stores and immunity in wild cane toads (Rhinella marina) across a 750-km transect from their invasion front in tropical Australia, back into sites colonized 21years earlier. Several traits were found to vary with population age; some linearly and others in a curvilinear manner. The relative size of spleens and fat bodies was highest in the oldest and newest populations, where rates of lungworm infection were lowest. Toads from older populations produced more corticosterone in response to a standardized stressor, and had higher lymphocyte counts (but lower basophil counts). The amount of skin swelling elicited by phytohaemagglutinin injection did not vary geographically, although recruitment of leukocytes to the injected tissue was higher in toads from long-colonized areas. Because this was a field-based study, we cannot differentiate the effects of population age, toad density or pathogen pressure on our measures of stress and immune responses, nor can we distinguish whether the causation involves hard-wired adaptive processes or phenotypically plastic responses. Nonetheless, our data demonstrate substantial variation in immune systems among toads at varying distances from an invasion front, showing that a biological invasion imposes strong pressures on physiological systems of the invader. (C) 2015 The Linnean Society of London. C1 [Brown, Gregory P.; Kelehear, Crystal; Shine, Rick] Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Kelehear, Crystal] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Shilton, Catherine M.] Dept Primary Ind & Fisheries, Berrimah Vet Labs, Berrimah, NT 0828, Australia. [Phillips, Benjamin L.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Biosci, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia. RP Brown, GP (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM gregory.brown@sydney.edu.au RI Brown, Gregory/F-9897-2011; OI Brown, Gregory/0000-0002-2924-9040; Phillips, Ben/0000-0003-2580-2336 FU Australian Research Council [DP0984771, DP1094646, FL120100074] FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for suggesting changes that improved the manuscript. We thank the Australian Research Council for funding (DP0984771, DP1094646, FL120100074); Christine Rioux for technical assistance; and Britz for facilities. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. GPB, CK, and BLP collected and sampled toads, CMS conducted the histological examinations. GPB analyzed the data. All authors wrote the manuscript. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 16 U2 52 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0024-4066 EI 1095-8312 J9 BIOL J LINN SOC JI Biol. J. Linnean Soc. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 116 IS 4 BP 748 EP 760 DI 10.1111/bij.12623 PG 13 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA CU4QS UT WOS:000363515200002 ER PT J AU Herrera, ND ter Poorten, JJ Bieler, R Mikkelsen, PM Strong, EE Jablonski, D Steppan, SJ AF Herrera, Nathanael D. ter Poorten, Jan Johan Bieler, Ruediger Mikkelsen, Paula M. Strong, Ellen E. Jablonski, David Steppan, Scott J. TI Molecular phylogenetics and historical biogeography amid shifting continents in the cockles and giant clams (Bivalvia: Cardiidae) SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Bayesian; Biodiversity; Dispersal-extinction-cladogenesis; Fossil; Marine; Mollusca ID LATITUDINAL DIVERSITY GRADIENT; TROPICAL REEF FISHES; MARINE BIODIVERSITY; GEOGRAPHIC RANGE; SHELL MICROSTRUCTURE; GENE-SEQUENCES; EVOLUTION; MOLLUSCA; PATTERNS; ORIGIN AB Reconstructing historical biogeography of the marine realm is complicated by indistinct barriers and, over deeper time scales, a dynamic landscape shaped by plate tectonics. Here we present the most extensive examination of model-based historical biogeography among marine invertebrates to date. We conducted the largest phylogenetic and molecular clock analyses to date for the bivalve family Cardiidae (cockles and giant clams) with three unlinked loci for 110 species representing 37 of the 50 genera. Ancestral ranges were reconstructed using the dispersal-extinction-cladogenesis (DEC) method with a time-stratified paleogeographic model wherein dispersal rates varied with shifting tectonics. Results were compared to previous classifications and the extensive paleontological record. Six of the eight prior subfamily groupings were found to be para- or polyphyletic. Cardiidae originated and subsequently diversified in the tropical Indo-Pacific starting in the Late Triassic. Eastern Atlantic species were mainly derived from the tropical Indo-Mediterranean region via the Tethys Sea. In contrast, the western Atlantic fauna was derived from Indo-Pacific clades. Our phylogenetic results demonstrated greater concordance with geography than did previous phylogenies based on morphology. Time-stratifying the DEC reconstruction improved the fit and was highly consistent with paleo-ocean currents and paleogeography. Lastly, combining molecular phylogenetics with a rich and well-documented fossil record allowed us to test the accuracy and precision of biogeographic range reconstructions. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Herrera, Nathanael D.; Steppan, Scott J.] Florida State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32304 USA. [ter Poorten, Jan Johan] Naturalis Biodivers Ctr, Leiden, Netherlands. [ter Poorten, Jan Johan; Bieler, Ruediger] Field Museum Nat Hist, Integrat Res Ctr, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Mikkelsen, Paula M.] Cornell Univ, Paleontol Res Inst, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Mikkelsen, Paula M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Strong, Ellen E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Jablonski, David] Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Herrera, ND (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32304 USA. EM nherrera@bio.fsu.edu; terpoorten@chello.nl; rbieler@fieldmuseum.org; pmm37@cornell.edu; StrongE@si.edu; djablons@uchicago.edu RI Bieler, Rudiger/F-3280-2010; OI Bieler, Rudiger/0000-0002-9554-1947; Strong, Ellen/0000-0001-7181-4114 FU BiTS (Bivalves in Time and Space) grant [NSF DEB-0919124/0918982]; NSF BivAToL award [DEB-0732854]; French Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Philippines Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Research (BFAR); Total Foundation; Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation; Stavros Niarchos Foundation; Richard Lounsbery Foundation FX We are grateful to the following museums and their staffs for tissue loans used that were critical to this project: Paul Callomon (Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia), Elizabeth Kools (California Academy of Sciences), Philippe Bouchet, Barbara Buge, Virginie Heros, and Nicolas Puillandre (Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris), Amelia MacLellan (Natural History Museum, London), Dai Herbert (Natal Museum, South Africa), Dr. Takuma Haga (National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo), Richard Willan (Museum and Art Gallery of the Northern Territory, Darwin, Australia), Jeroen Goud, Rob Moolenbeek (Naturalis Biodiversity Center), Leiden, Netherlands), Paul Valentich-Scott (Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, USA), Rebecca Rundell (University of British Columbia, now State University of New York, Syracuse), Gustav Paulay, John Slapcinsky (Florida Museum of Natural History). We also thank Dr. Rafael Robles for his help in generating DNA sequence data, Dr. Jochen Gerber and Janeen Jones (Field Museum of Natural History) for assistance with collection management, Wilco Regter, and Dr. Gonzalo Giribet (Harvard University) and the entire BivAToL project (bivatol.org) for additional assistance. Funding was provided through the BiTS (Bivalves in Time and Space) grant by NSF DEB-0919124/0918982 to SJS, DJ, and RB, the NSF BivAToL award DEB-0732854 to RB and PMM. The MNHN material in this paper originates from various shore-based expeditions and deep sea cruises, conducted respectively by MNHN and Pro-Natura International (PNI) as part of the Our Planet Reviewed program, and by MNHN and Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD) as part of the Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos program. Funders and sponsors include the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Philippines Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Research (BFAR), the Total Foundation, Prince Albert II of Monaco Foundation, Stavros Niarchos Foundation, and Richard Lounsbery Foundation, We thank, among others, Philippe Maestrati, Barbara Buge, Nicolas Puillandre and Yuri Kantor for their role in specimen processing during the expeditions. We thank the FSU Biological Science Core Facilities and FSU Department of Scientific Computing, High Performance Computing, for use of their facilities. Nick Matzke and Andre Sartori provided helpful discussion. We especially thank John Schenk for invaluable assistance with analyses of divergence times and biogeographic reconstructions. NR 103 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 41 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 93 BP 94 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.07.013 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CT2DW UT WOS:000362613200010 PM 26234273 ER PT J AU Esposito, LA Bloom, T Caicedo-Quiroga, L Alicea-Serrano, AM Sanchez-Ruiz, JA May-Collado, LJ Binford, GJ Agnarsson, I AF Esposito, Lauren A. Bloom, Trevor Caicedo-Quiroga, Laura Alicea-Serrano, Angela M. Sanchez-Ruiz, Jose A. May-Collado, Laura J. Binford, Greta J. Agnarsson, Ingi TI Islands within islands: Diversification of tailless whip spiders (Amblypygi, Phrynus) in Caribbean caves SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity hotspot; Cavernicolar; Cryptic radiation; Island biogeography; Speciation; Sexually biased dispersal ID SPECIES DELIMITATION; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS; BIODIVERSITY DYNAMICS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; ARANEAE NESTICIDAE; ADAPTIVE RADIATION; NEUTRAL THEORY; MIXED MODELS; EVOLUTION; BIOGEOGRAPHY AB Islands have played a key role in understanding species formation ever since Darwin's work on the Galapagos and Wallace's work in the Malay Archipelago. Like oceanic islands, habitat 'islands', such as mountaintops and caves similarly may drive diversification. Here we examine patterns of diversification in the tailless whip spider genus Phrynus Larmarck, 1809 (Amblypygida: Phrynidae) a system that shows evidence of diversification under the influence of 'islands within islands'. We estimate phylogeographic history and measure genetic diversity among representatives of three nominal Phrynus species from epigean and cave systems of Puerto Rico and nearby islands. Data from five loci (mitochondrial 12S, 16S, Cox1; nuclear H3, 28S) were used to generate phylogenetic hypotheses and to assess species monophyly and phylogeographic relationships. Genetic divergences and population limits were estimated and assessed using the Geneious barcoding plugin and the genealogical sorting index. We find that mtDNA sequence divergences within each of the three Phrynus species range between 15% and 20%. Genetic divergence is structured at three spatial scales: among islands in a manner consistent with the GAARlandia hypothesis, among bedrock formations within Puerto Rico, and among caves within these formations. Every isolated cave system contains a unique mtDNA genetic lineage of Phrynus, with divergence among cave systems far exceeding that within. In some localities epigean specimens nest among cave taxa, in others caves are monophyletic. Remarkably, clades that show up to 20% mtDNA sequence divergence show little or no variation in the nuclear markers. We interpret this pattern as resulting from extreme conservation of our nuclear markers rather than male sex-biased dispersal, based on high conservation of 28S and H3 between our individuals and other amblypygid genera that are restricted to Africa. While this study includes but a tiny fraction of Caribbean caves, our findings suggest Phrynus may be much more diverse than hitherto thought, at least in terms of mtDNA diversity, and that the arthropod fauna of caves may represent a dimension of biodiversity that is yet to be discovered in the Caribbean biodiversity hotspot. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Esposito, Lauren A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Essig Museum, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bloom, Trevor; Binford, Greta J.] Lewis & Clark Coll, Portland, OR 97219 USA. [Caicedo-Quiroga, Laura; Alicea-Serrano, Angela M.; Sanchez-Ruiz, Jose A.] Univ Puerto Rico Rio Piedras, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. [May-Collado, Laura J.; Agnarsson, Ingi] Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Agnarsson, Ingi] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Agnarsson, I (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, 109 Carrigan Dr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. EM iagnarsson@gmail.com FU NSF [DEB-1050187, 1050253, 1314749, DBI-1349205, DBI-1003087] FX Special thanks to the Sociedad Espeleologica de Puerto Rico and Sociedad Espeleologica Unida del Sur for assistance with fieldwork and various logistics. Also thanks to Departamento de Recursos Naturales for arranging permits and to Isla de Mona park rangers, and especially Tony Nieves for valuable help in the field. Additional logistic support was provided by Fideicomiso de Conservacion de Puerto Rico, Universidad Interamericana de Puerto Rico, and Casa Verde, Maunabo. Kenneth J. Chapin kindly provided COI sequences of several specimens from Puerto Rico. Yadira Ortiz-Ruiz helped with DNA extraction and PCRs of a portion of the specimens here included. We are grateful to Dr Alfried Vogler and two anonymous reviewers for comments that helped improve the manuscript, and to Marshal Hedin for helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. This research is supported by NSF DEB-1050187, 1050253, 1314749 to IA and GB, NSF DBI-1349205 to D. Barrington, I. Agnarsson and CW Kilpatrick, and NSF DBI-1003087 to LE. This work represents the collective effort of team CarBio and we are thankful to all the participants in this project. NR 87 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 14 U2 101 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 93 BP 107 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.07.005 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CT2DW UT WOS:000362613200011 PM 26220837 ER PT J AU Eberle, J Walbaum, W Warnock, RCM Fabrizi, S Ahrens, D AF Eberle, J. Walbaum, W. Warnock, R. C. M. Fabrizi, S. Ahrens, D. TI Asymmetry in genitalia does not increase the rate of their evolution SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Coleoptera; Scarabaeidae; Schizonycha; Directional asymmetry; Morphological rates; Male genitalia ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; SEXUAL SELECTION; FLUCTUATING ASYMMETRY; MORPHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; R PACKAGE; COLEOPTERA; MODEL; SCARABAEIDAE; SUBSTITUTION AB Left-right asymmetry is a frequently encountered phenomenon in the copulation organs of insects. While various causes have been proposed for genital asymmetry, we raise the question of whether asymmetry might facilitate, or even accelerate, morphological divergence of genitalia between species. We tested this hypothesis in the scarab chafer genus Schizonycha, which comprises species with symmetric as well as asymmetric male genitalia. Morphometric analyses were conducted in the context of their phylogeny, inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear ribosomal DNA sequence data (cox1, rrnL, and 28S) for a sample of 99 South African specimens, including 34 species and 5 outgroup taxa. Trees were reconstructed with maximum likelihood and Bayesian analysis. The extent of asymmetry and the variation of male copulation organs were analyzed with Generalized Procrustes analysis (GPA), by quantifying shape divergence of the parameres. We found a continuous transition in the degree of asymmetry among the investigated species. Ancestral state reconstruction revealed multiple origins and a high degree of evolutionary plasticity of paramere asymmetry in Schizonycha. However, no significant correlation between evolutionary rates of paramere shape divergence and the degree of paramere asymmetry was found, and so we conclude that asymmetric genitalia in Schizonycha do not increase the rate of genital shape divergence. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Fabrizi, S.; Ahrens, D.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Entomol, London SW7 5BD, England. [Eberle, J.; Walbaum, W.; Fabrizi, S.; Ahrens, D.] Zool Forsch Museum Alexander Koenig Bonn, D-53113 Bonn, Germany. [Warnock, R. C. M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Ahrens, D (reprint author), Zool Forsch Museum Alexander Koenig Bonn, Adenauerallee 160, D-53113 Bonn, Germany. EM ahrens.dirk_col@gmx.de FU German Science Foundation (DFG) [AH175/1, AH175/3] FX We are grateful to J. Harrison, R. Muller, and M. Snaek, for their help with collecting specimens, H.J. Krammer for his assistance in the course of this project, and M.A. McPeek for kindly providing his java program for the calculation of multivariate phylogenetic independent contrasts. For providing us with research and collection permits, we thank the various South African governmental institutions and departments in Eastern Cape (Permit Nos: WRO 122/07WR and WRO123/07WR), Gauteng (Permit No.: CPF6 1281), Limpopo (Permit No.: CPM-006-00001), Mpumalangma (Permit No.: MPN-2009-11-20-1232), and Kwazulu-Natal (Permit Nos: OP3752/2009, 1272/2007, 3620/2006). We thank M. Schilthuizen and the anonymous referees for their helpful comments on the earlier versions of the manuscript. The study was supported by the German Science Foundation (DFG; AH175/1 and AH175/3). NR 71 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 31 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 93 BP 180 EP 187 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.08.005 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CT2DW UT WOS:000362613200018 PM 26265261 ER PT J AU Pinto-Sanchez, NR Calderon-Espinosa, ML Miralles, A Crawford, AJ Ramirez-Pinilla, MP AF Rocio Pinto-Sanchez, Nelsy Calderon-Espinosa, Martha L. Miralles, Aurelien Crawford, Andrew J. Patricia Ramirez-Pinilla, Martha TI Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of the Neotropical skink genus Mabuya Fitzinger (Squamata: Scincidae) with emphasis on Colombian populations SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Molecular phylogenetics; Species delimitation; Ancestral area reconstruction; Colombia; Mabuya; Oceanic dispersal ID AMERICAN BIOTIC INTERCHANGE; TROPICAL DRY FOREST; RELAXED PHYLOGENETICS; SPECIES DELIMITATION; DNA TAXONOMY; LIZARDS; DISPERSAL; EVOLUTION; REPTILIA; MULTIPLE AB Understanding the phylogenetic and geographical history of Neotropical lineages requires having adequate geographic and taxonomic sampling across the region. However, Colombia has remained a geographical gap in many studies of Neotropical diversity. Here we present a study of Neotropical skinks of the genus Mabuya, reptiles that are difficult to identify or delimit due to their conservative morphology. The goal of the present study is to propose phylogenetic and biogeographic hypotheses of Mabuya including samples from the previously under-studied territory of Colombia, and address relevant biogeographic and taxonomic issues. We combined molecular and morphological data sampled densely by us within Colombia with published data representing broad sampling across the Neotropical realm, including DNA sequence data from two mitochondrial (12S rRNA and cytochrome b) and three nuclear genes (Rag2, NGFB and R35). To evaluate species boundaries we employed a general mixed Yule-coalescent (GMYC) model applied to the mitochondrial data set. Our results suggest that the diversity of Mabuya within Colombia is higher than previously recognized, and includes lineages from Central America and from eastern and southern South America. The genus appears to have originated in eastern South America in the Early Miocene, with subsequent expansions into Central America and the Caribbean in the Late Miocene, including at least six oceanic dispersal events to Caribbean Islands. We identified at least four new candidate species for Colombia and two species that were not previously reported in Colombia. The populations of northeastern Colombia can be assigned to M. zuliae, while specimens from Orinoquia and the eastern foothills of the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia correspond to M. altamazonica. The validity of seven species of Mabuya sensu lato was not supported due to a combination of three factors: (1) non-monophyly, (2) <75% likelihood bootstrap support and <0.95 Bayesian posterior probability, and (3) GMYC analysis collapsing named species. Finally, we suggest that Mabuya sensu stricto may be regarded as a diverse monophyletic genus, widely distributed throughout the Neotropics. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Rocio Pinto-Sanchez, Nelsy; Crawford, Andrew J.] Univ Los Andes, Dept Biol Sci, Bogota 4976, Colombia. [Calderon-Espinosa, Martha L.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Inst Ciencias Nat, Bogota, Colombia. [Miralles, Aurelien] CNRS, Ctr Ecol Fonct & Evolut, F-34033 Montpellier, France. [Crawford, Andrew J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Crawford, Andrew J.] Circulo Herpetol Panama, Panama City, Panama. [Patricia Ramirez-Pinilla, Martha] Univ Ind Santander, Escuela Biol, Bucaramanga, Colombia. RP Pinto-Sanchez, NR (reprint author), Univ Los Andes, Dept Ciencias Biol, Bioml Lab, Edif M1-301,Carrera 1E 18A-10, Bogota 4976, Colombia. EM nr.pinto81@uniandes.edu.co; mlcalderone@unal.edu.co; miralles.skink@gmail.com; andrew@dna.ac; mpramir@uis.edu.co OI Pinto-Sanchez, Nelsy Rocio/0000-0001-7561-2982 FU Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnologia Francisco Jose de Caldas (COLCIENCIAS) [1102-452-21152]; Comite de Investigaciones de la Facultad de Ciencias at the Universidad de los Andes FX We are very grateful to E. Gonzalez-Leon and J.C. Afanador who collected specimens, and to all people and institutions that donated samples for this study and provided access to specimens or photographs: Adolfo Amezquita, Adrian Nieto Montes de Oca, Alvaro Andres Velaquez, Francisca Leal, Jonathan A. Campbell, Juan Carvajal, Juan M. Daza and the Museo de Herpetologia de la Universidad de Antioquia, Juan Manuel Padial, Rances Caicedo, Roberto Luna Reyes, and Uri Omar Garcia Vasquez and the Museo de Zoologia Alfonso L. Herrera (UNAM). Research permits and genetic access permits in Colombia were issued by the Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible (Resolutions No. 8, 31st of March 2009, No. 0169, 14th of March 2012, and No. 0753, 20th of April 2010). This work was supported by grants from the Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnologia Francisco Jose de Caldas (COLCIENCIAS, contract number: 1102-452-21152), and Comite de Investigaciones de la Facultad de Ciencias at the Universidad de los Andes. We are indebted to M. Escobar for help in all aspects of this manuscript. Valuable comments on the manuscript were provided by members of the Crawford Lab, plus Juan M. Daza, Daniel Cadena, Ana Carnaval, Juan Armando Sanchez, Mariana Morando, and one anonymous reviewer. This research formed part of the doctoral study of N.R.P.-S. presented to the Department of Biological Sciences at the Universidad de los Andes. NR 70 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 21 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 93 BP 188 EP 211 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.07.016 PG 24 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CT2DW UT WOS:000362613200019 PM 26234274 ER PT J AU Espeland, M Hall, JPW DeVries, PJ Lees, DC Cornwall, M Hsu, YF Wu, LW Campbell, DL Talavera, G Vila, R Salzman, S Ruehr, S Lohman, DJ Pierce, NE AF Espeland, Marianne Hall, Jason P. W. DeVries, Philip J. Lees, David C. Cornwall, Mark Hsu, Yu-Feng Wu, Li-Wei Campbell, Dana L. Talavera, Gerard Vila, Roger Salzman, Shayla Ruehr, Sophie Lohman, David J. Pierce, Naomi E. TI Ancient Neotropical origin and recent recolonisation: Phylogeny, biogeography and diversification of the Riodinidae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Biogeography; Diversification; Higher-level phylogeny; Hostplant; Metalmark butterflies; Styx ID MIMETIC ITHOMIINE BUTTERFLIES; HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY; DOMINICAN AMBER; LIFE-HISTORY; EVOLUTION; NYMPHIDIINI; DISPERSAL; SELECTION; REVISION; MAXIMUM AB We present the first dated higher-level phylogenetic and biogeographic analysis of the butterfly family Riodinidae. This family is distributed worldwide, but more than 90% of the c. 1500 species are found in the Neotropics, while the c. 120 Old World species are concentrated in the Southeast Asian tropics, with minor Afrotropical and Australasian tropical radiations, and few temperate species. Morphologically based higher classification is partly unresolved, with genera incompletely assigned to tribes. Using 3666 bp from one mitochondrial and four nuclear markers for each of 23 outgroups and 178 riodinid taxa representing all subfamilies, tribes and subtribes, and 98 out of 145 described genera of riodinids, we estimate that Riodinidae split from Lycaenidae about 96 Mya in the mid-Cretaceous and started to diversify about 81 Mya. The Riodinidae are monophyletic and originated in the Neotropics, most likely in lowland proto-Amazonia. Neither the subfamily Euselasiinae nor the Nemeobiinae are monophyletic as currently constituted. The enigmatic, monotypic Neotropical genera Styx and Corrachia (most recently treated in Euselasiinae: Corrachiini) are highly supported as derived taxa in the Old World Nemeobiinae, with dispersal most likely occurring across the Beringia land bridge during the Oligocene. Styx and Corrachia, together with all other nemeobiines, are the only exclusively Primulaceae-feeding riodinids. The steadily increasing proliferation of the Neotropical Riodininae subfamily contrasts with the decrease in diversification in the Old World, and may provide insights into factors influencing the diversification rate of this relatively ancient clade of Neotropical insects. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Espeland, Marianne; Cornwall, Mark; Campbell, Dana L.; Talavera, Gerard; Salzman, Shayla; Pierce, Naomi E.] Harvard Univ, Museum Comparat Zool, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Espeland, Marianne; Cornwall, Mark; Campbell, Dana L.; Talavera, Gerard; Salzman, Shayla; Pierce, Naomi E.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Espeland, Marianne] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, McGuire Ctr Lepidoptera & Biodivers, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hall, Jason P. W.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Systemat Biol Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [DeVries, Philip J.] Univ New Orleans, Dept Biol Sci, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. [Lees, David C.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England. [Hsu, Yu-Feng] Natl Taiwan Normal Univ, Dept Life Sci, Taipei, Taiwan. [Wu, Li-Wei] Natl Taiwan Univ, Coll Bioresources & Agr, Expt Forest, Nantou, Taiwan. [Campbell, Dana L.] Univ Washington Bothell, Sch Sci Technol Engn & Math, Div Biol Sci, Bothell, WA 98011 USA. [Talavera, Gerard; Vila, Roger] Inst Biol Evolut CSIC UPF, Barcelona 08003, Spain. [Talavera, Gerard] St Petersburg State Univ, Fac Biol & Soil Sci, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. [Ruehr, Sophie] Yale Univ, Yale Coll, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Lohman, David J.] CUNY City Coll, Dept Biol, New York, NY 10031 USA. RP Espeland, M (reprint author), Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, McGuire Ctr Lepidoptera & Biodivers, Powell Hall,2315 Hull Rd,POB 112710, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM marianne.espeland@gmail.com; halljrios@yahoo.com; phil.devries@gmail.com; dclees@gmail.com; mcornwal@oeb.harvard.edu; t43018@ntnu.edu.tw; chiladessp@gmail.com; danalc@uw.edu; gerard.talavera@csic.es; roger.vila@csic.es; shaylasalzman@fas.harvard.edu; sophie.ruehr@yale.edu; dlohman@ccny.cuny.edu; npierce@oeb.harvard.edu RI Talavera, Gerard/A-2982-2012; Vila, Roger/A-1817-2012 OI Talavera, Gerard/0000-0003-1112-1345; Vila, Roger/0000-0002-2447-4388 FU Research Council of Norway [204308]; Baker Foundation; Putnam Expeditionary Fund of the Museum of Comparative Zoology; NSF [DEB-0447242]; INRA; ERC EMARES [250325]; NSC [97-2621-B-003-003-MY3]; COA [101-CF-02.1-C12] FX We thank Carla Penz and Keith Willmott for comments, and Nicholas Matzke for help with some BioGeoBEARS issues. In addition to the authors, Christopher Adams, Andrew Berry, Michael F. Braby, D.R. Britton, Michael R. Canfield, Steve C. Collins, James C. Costa, Rod Eastwood, Stuart Fisher, Ann Fraser, Alan Heath, Jennifer Imamura, Dan Janzen, Nikolai Kandul, Pitoon Kongnoo, Gerardo Lamas, Torben B. Larsen, David N. Merrill, Sophie Miller, Chris J. Muller, Szabolcs Safian, Arthur Shapiro, David L. Stern, Man Wah Tan, Mark A. Travassos, and several local collectors collected specimens used in this research. The study was funded by grant #204308 from the Research Council of Norway to M.E., and grants from the Baker Foundation, the Putnam Expeditionary Fund of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, and NSF DEB-0447242 to N.E.P. D.C.L. was funded by INRA and by ERC EMARES #250325 during writing. L.-W.W. and Y-F.H. were funded by NSC 97-2621-B-003-003-MY3 and COA 101-CF-02.1-C12. Butterflies from French Guiana were collected under Project Nouragues funding to C. Lopez Vaamonde, and Christian Brevignon is thanked for identifications. NR 94 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 7 U2 40 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 93 BP 296 EP 306 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.08.006 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA CT2DW UT WOS:000362613200027 PM 26265256 ER PT J AU Truelove, NK Ley-Cooper, K Segura-Garcia, I Briones-Fourzan, P Lozano-Alvarez, E Phillips, BF Box, SJ Preziosi, RF AF Truelove, Nathan K. Ley-Cooper, Kim Segura-Garcia, Iris Briones-Fourzan, Patricia Lozano-Alvarez, Enrique Phillips, Bruce F. Box, Stephen J. Preziosi, Richard F. TI Genetic analysis reveals temporal population structure in Caribbean spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) within marine protected areas in Mexico SO FISHERIES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Connectivity; Conservation; Marine reserve; Banco Chinchorro; Sian Ka'an ID DE-LA-ASCENSION; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; BIOSPHERE RESERVE; DISPERSAL; PATTERNS; FISHERY; MARKERS; SIZE AB Management efforts for improving the sustainability of the Caribbean spiny lobster (Panulirus argus) fishery require knowledge of population connectivity. The aim of this study is to investigate population connectivity of P. argus at two levels: (1) spatially between two marine protected areas (MPAs) in the Caribbean coast of Mexico, and (2) temporally within MPAs; by genotyping discrete size classes lobsters using microsatellite markers. No evidence of population differentiation between lobster populations from Banco Chinchorro and Sian Ka'an MPAs was found (P= 0.139). In contrast significant levels of population differentiation among discrete size classes of lobsters was found (F-ST = 0.0054; P=0.0052). Temporal variation among the genotypes of new larval recruits may explain these results. Future research will be required to directly test the genotypes of new larval recruits in Banco Chinchorro and Sian Ka'an MPAs to confirm this hypothesis. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Truelove, Nathan K.; Preziosi, Richard F.] Univ Manchester, Fac Life Sci, Manchester M13 9PT, Lancs, England. [Truelove, Nathan K.; Segura-Garcia, Iris; Box, Stephen J.] Smithsonian Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. [Ley-Cooper, Kim; Phillips, Bruce F.] Curtin Univ, Dept Environm & Agr, Bentley, WA, Australia. [Segura-Garcia, Iris; Briones-Fourzan, Patricia; Lozano-Alvarez, Enrique] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Unidad Acad Puerto Morelos, Inst Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Cancuin 77500, Mexico. RP Truelove, NK (reprint author), Smithsonian Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL 34949 USA. EM trueloven@gmail.com OI Phillips, Bruce/0000-0003-2841-0389 FU Sustainable Consumption Institute; Faculty of Life Sciences at the University of Manchester; Summit Foundation FX We thank the local fishers and their families working at Banco Chinchorro and Sian Ka'an as well as Maria del Carmen Garcia Rivas (Comision Nacional de Areas Naturales Protegidas in Mexico) for all of their hospitality and assistance collecting samples for this study. We are grateful for help of Gregory Shirah at the NASA/GSFC Scientific Visualization Studio for providing the map of ocean currents used in Fig. 1. NKT was supported by postgraduate fellowships from the Sustainable Consumption Institute and the Faculty of Life Sciences at the University of Manchester. SJB is supported by the Summit Foundation. This is manuscript contribution number 998 from the Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce, Florida. NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-7836 EI 1872-6763 J9 FISH RES JI Fish Res. PD DEC PY 2015 VL 172 BP 44 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2015.05.029 PG 6 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA CS5SP UT WOS:000362138700006 ER PT J AU Deutsch, J AF Deutsch, James TI The New Encyclopedia of Southern Culture, vol 23, Folk Art SO WESTERN FOLKLORE LA English DT Book Review C1 [Deutsch, James] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Deutsch, J (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CALIFORNIA FOLKLORE SOC PI POMONA PA WESTERN FOLKLORE DEPT OF ENGL/FOREIGN LANGUAGES 3801 W.TEMPLE AVENUE, POMONA, CA 91768-4010 USA SN 0043-373X J9 WESTERN FOLKLORE JI West. Folk. PD WIN PY 2015 VL 74 IS 1 BP 100 EP 101 PG 2 WC Folklore SC Arts & Humanities - Other Topics GA CR1HV UT WOS:000361076600010 ER PT J AU Gaviria, J Engelbrecht, BMJ AF Gaviria, Julian Engelbrecht, Bettina M. J. TI Effects of Drought, Pest Pressure and Light Availability on Seedling Establishment and Growth: Their Role for Distribution of Tree Species across a Tropical Rainfall Gradient SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS; INSECT HERBIVORES; CLIMATIC GRADIENT; SHADE-TOLERANCE; LIFE-HISTORY; TRADE-OFF; FOREST; PERFORMANCE; DIVERSITY; MORTALITY AB Tree species distributions associated with rainfall are among the most prominent patterns in tropical forests. Understanding the mechanisms shaping these patterns is important to project impacts of global climate change on tree distributions and diversity in the tropics. Beside direct effects of water availability, additional factors co-varying with rainfall have been hypothesized to play an important role, including pest pressure and light availability. While low water availability is expected to exclude drought-intolerant wet forest species from drier forests (physiological tolerance hypothesis), high pest pressure or low light availability are hypothesized to exclude dry forest species from wetter forests (pest pressure gradient and light availability hypothesis, respectively). To test these hypotheses at the seed-to-seedling transition, the potentially most critical stage for species discrimination, we conducted a reciprocal transplant experiment combined with a pest exclosure treatment at a wet and a dry forest site in Panama with seeds of 26 species with contrasting origin. Establishment success after one year did not reflect species distribution patterns. However, in the wet forest, wet origin species had a home advantage over dry forest species through higher growth rates. At the same time, drought limited survival of wet origin species in the dry forest, supporting the physiological tolerance hypothesis. Together these processes sort species over longer time frames, and exclude species outside their respective home range. Although we found pronounced effects of pests and some effects of light availability on the seedlings, they did not corroborate the pest pressure nor light availability hypotheses at the seed-to-seedling transition. Our results underline that changes in water availability due to climate change will have direct consequences on tree regeneration and distributions along tropical rainfall gradients, while indirect effects of light and pests are less important. C1 [Gaviria, Julian; Engelbrecht, Bettina M. J.] Univ Bayreuth, Dept Plant Ecol, Bayreuth Ctr Ecol & Environm Res BayCEER, Bayreuth, Germany. [Engelbrecht, Bettina M. J.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. RP Gaviria, J (reprint author), Univ Bayreuth, Dept Plant Ecol, Bayreuth Ctr Ecol & Environm Res BayCEER, Bayreuth, Germany. EM julian.gaviria@uni-bayreuth.de FU Freistaat Bayern; University of Bayreuth FX Funding was provided by the Freistaat Bayern, represented by the University of Bayreuth [http://www.uni-bayreuth.de/de/index.html]. This publication was funded by the University of Bayreuth in the funding programme Open Access Publishing. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 10 U2 32 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 30 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 11 AR e0143955 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0143955 PG 20 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CX7NW UT WOS:000365889800094 PM 26619138 ER PT J AU Knorzer, J Fey, C Sadeghpour, HR Schmelcher, P AF Knoerzer, J. Fey, C. Sadeghpour, H. R. Schmelcher, P. TI Control of multiple excited image states around segmented carbon nanotubes SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID METAL-SURFACES; LIQUID-HELIUM; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; SUPERATOM STATES; DEFECTS AB Electronic image states around segmented carbon nanotubes can be confined and shaped along the nanotube axis by engineering the image potential. We show how several such image states can be prepared simultaneously along the same nanotube. The inter-electronic distance can be controlled a priori by engineering tubes of specific geometries. High sensitivity to external electric and magnetic fields can be exploited to manipulate these states and their mutual long-range interactions. These building blocks provide access to a new kind of tailored interacting quantum systems. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC. C1 [Knoerzer, J.; Fey, C.; Schmelcher, P.] Univ Hamburg, Zentrum Opt Quantentechnol, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. [Sadeghpour, H. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Schmelcher, P.] Hamburg Ctr Ultrafast Imaging, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. RP Knorzer, J (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Zentrum Opt Quantentechnol, Luruper Chaussee 149, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany. EM johannes.knoerzer@physnet.uni-hamburg.de; christian.fey@physnet.uni-hamburg.de RI Schmelcher, Peter/D-9592-2014 OI Schmelcher, Peter/0000-0002-2637-0937 FU National Science Foundation; German Academic Exchange Service; Studienstiftung des Deutschen Volkes FX The authors thank D. Segal for valuable comments as well as S. Kronke and S. Markson for helpful remarks on this manuscript. J.K. and P.S. gratefully acknowledge support by the National Science Foundation through a grant for the Institute for Theoretical Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics at Harvard University and Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. J.K. acknowledges financial support by the German Academic Exchange Service and C.F. is grateful for support by the Studienstiftung des Deutschen Volkes in the framework of a scholarship. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 19 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 EI 1089-7690 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD NOV 28 PY 2015 VL 143 IS 20 AR 204309 DI 10.1063/1.4936415 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA CY3OS UT WOS:000366319700020 PM 26627961 ER PT J AU Ling, FT Heaney, PJ Post, JE Gao, X AF Ling, Florence T. Heaney, Peter J. Post, Jeffrey E. Gao, Xiang TI Transformations from triclinic to hexagonal birnessite at circumneutral pH induced through pH control by common biological buffers SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Birnessite; Manganese oxide; Buffer; HEPES; MES ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; BIOGENIC MN OXIDES; NA-RICH BIRNESSITE; MANGANESE OXIDES; WATER OXIDATION; POWDER DIFFRACTION; MN(II) OXIDATION; REDUCTIVE TRANSFORMATION; PSEUDOMONAS-PUTIDA; CATHODIC CATALYST AB Laboratory experiments that explore the bioprecipitation or redox transformations of layered Mn oxides commonly employ buffers, such as the HEPES and MES buffers, to maintain solution pH to near neutrality. The assumption is that holding solution pH constant does not serve as the primary control for the variety of Mn oxide produced. To test this assumption, synthetic triclinic Na-birnessite was reacted in batch experiments with a pH 7 HEPES buffer, a pH 7 MES buffer, and an unbuffered pH 7 solution for 14 days in total darkness. At the end of the experimental run, the Mn oxide solids were analyzed by conventional and synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. These assays revealed that in the presence of the HEPES buffer, triclinic Na-birnessite completely transformed into highly crystalline hexagonal H-birnessite. In unbuffered solutions starting at pH 7 and in the presence of MES, which offers a lower buffering capacity than does HEPES, triclinic Na-birnessite partially transformed to poorly crystalline hexagonal H-birnessite. The unbuffered pH 7 solution exhibited an increase in pH to 8.03. We interpret the results to indicate that: 1) buffers can indirectly promote the transformation of triclinic Na-birnessite to hexagonal H-birnessite by serving as a source of H+, even at circumneutral pH; 2) triclinic Na-birnessite alone can stimulate hydrolysis, which in turn induces an exchange of H+ for interlayer Na+; and 3) H-birnessite and Na-birnessite operate as an acid-conjugate base pair. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ling, Florence T.; Heaney, Peter J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Post, Jeffrey E.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Gao, Xiang] China Univ Geosci, Inst Earth Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Ling, FT (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM ftl102@psu.edu OI Ling, Florence/0000-0002-2576-3608 FU NSF [EAR-1147728]; National Science Foundation - Earth Sciences [EAR-1128799]; Department of Energy - GeoSciences [DE-FG02-94ER14466]; DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX Funding was provided by NSF grant EAR-1147728. Portions of this work were performed at GeoSoilEnviroCARS (Sector 13), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. GeoSoilEnviroCARS is supported by the National Science Foundation - Earth Sciences (EAR-1128799) and Department of Energy - GeoSciences (DE-FG02-94ER14466). This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. NR 67 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2541 EI 1878-5999 J9 CHEM GEOL JI Chem. Geol. PD NOV 27 PY 2015 VL 416 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.10.007 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA CU9LK UT WOS:000363865800001 ER PT J AU Connally, N Anderson, CP Bolton, JE Bolton, EW Buss, LW AF Connally, Noah Anderson, Christopher P. Bolton, Jules E. Bolton, Edward W. Buss, Leo W. TI The Selective Myosin II Inhibitor Blebbistatin Reversibly Eliminates Gastrovascular Flow and Stolon Tip Pulsations in the Colonial Hydroid Podocoryna carnea SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CELL MOVEMENTS; SMOOTH-MUSCLE; GROWTH; MORPHOGENESIS; DYNAMICS; LIGHT; SHAPE AB Blebbistatin reversibly disrupted both stolon tip pulsations and gastrovascular flow in the colonial hydroid Podocoryna carnea. Epithelial longitudinal muscles of polyps were unaffected by blebbistatin, as polyps contracted when challenged with a pulse of KCl. Latrunculin B, which sequesters G actin preventing F actin assembly, caused stolons to retract, exposing focal adhesions where the tip epithelial cells adhere to the substratum. These results are consistent with earlier suggestions that non-muscle myosin II provides the motive force for stolon tip pulsations and further suggest that tip oscillations are functionally coupled to hydrorhizal axial muscle contraction. C1 [Connally, Noah; Anderson, Christopher P.; Buss, Leo W.] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Bolton, Edward W.] Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Haven, CT USA. [Buss, Leo W.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA. RP Buss, LW (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM leo.buss@yale.edu NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 25 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 11 AR e0143564 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0143564 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CX7ES UT WOS:000365865300083 PM 26605798 ER PT J AU Buffington, ML Copeland, RS AF Buffington, M. L. Copeland, R. S. TI Muhaka icipe, an enigmatic new genus and species of Kleidotomini (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Eucoilinae) from an East African coastal forest SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY LA English DT Article DE Cynipoidea; head morphology; Afrotropical Region ID KENYA; CYNIPOIDEA; REVISION; TANZANIA; CONSERVATION; STENTORCEPS; PATTERNS AB A remarkable new eucoiline genus and species, Muhaka icipe, is described herein. The genus is clearly a Kleidotomini, but is distinguished from other genera in the tribe by a unique head and scutellar morphology. The genus belongs to the wedge-head'-syndrome group of species that, to date, is unique to Afrotropical eucoilines. The new genus and species is reminiscent of Stentorceps Quinlan and Nanocthulhu Buffington, but is readily distinguished from these genera. Muhaka was collected from a threatened kaya (sacred forest) of coastal Kenya. The biological importance of this and other kaya forests, as well as their protection, is discussed.http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6918ED2C-69A4-48FC-A1E4-2B5DFF58E876 C1 [Buffington, M. L.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Copeland, R. S.] Int Ctr Insect Physiol & Ecol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Copeland, R. S.] Natl Museums Kenya, Div Invertebrate Zool, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Buffington, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM matt.buffington@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Systematic Entomology Lab FX We thank Juliet Muriuki for help with fieldwork in Muhaka Forest. We are grateful to the former Director General of ICIPE, Dr Christian Borgemeister, for supporting our work on Kenyan insect biodiversity and its conservation. MLB was funded by the USDA Systematic Entomology Lab. We thank Mattias Forshage (Swedish Museum of Natural History) and John Noyes (The Natural History Museum) for comments that greatly improved this manuscript. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-2933 EI 1464-5262 J9 J NAT HIST JI J. Nat. Hist. PD NOV 25 PY 2015 VL 49 IS 43-44 BP 2597 EP 2607 DI 10.1080/00222933.2015.1042411 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CS5FL UT WOS:000362102600002 ER PT J AU Duffy, JE Ziegler, SL Campbell, JE Bippus, PM Lefcheck, JS AF Duffy, J. Emmett Ziegler, Shelby L. Campbell, Justin E. Bippus, Paige M. Lefcheck, Jonathan S. TI Squidpops: A Simple Tool to Crowdsource a Global Map of Marine Predation Intensity SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CORAL-REEF; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; GRAZING INTENSITY; PRIMARY PRODUCERS; PRODUCTIVITY; TERRESTRIAL; ABUNDANCE; PATTERNS; FISH; ECOSYSTEMS AB We present a simple, standardized assay, the squidpop, for measuring the relative feeding intensity of generalist predators in aquatic systems. The assay consists of a 1.3-cm diameter disk of dried squid mantle tethered to a rod, which is either inserted in the sediment in soft-bottom habitats or secured to existing structure. Each replicate squidpop is scored as present or absent after 1 and 24 hours, and the data for analysis are proportions of replicate units consumed at each time. Tests in several habitats of the temperate southeastern USA (Virginia and North Carolina) and tropical Central America (Belize) confirmed the assay's utility for measuring variation in predation intensity among habitats, among seasons, and along environmental gradients. In Belize, predation intensity varied strongly among habitats, with reef > seagrass = mangrove > unvegetated bare sand. Quantitative visual surveys confirmed that assayed feeding intensity increased with abundance and species richness of fishes across sites, with fish abundance and richness explaining up to 45% and 70% of the variation in bait loss respectively. In the southeastern USA, predation intensity varied seasonally, being highest during summer and declining in late autumn. Deployments in marsh habitats generally revealed a decline in mean predation intensity from fully marine to tidal freshwater sites. The simplicity, economy, and standardization of the squidpop assay should facilitate engagement of scientists and citizens alike, with the goal of constructing high-resolution maps of how top-down control varies through space and time in aquatic ecosystems, and addressing a broad array of long-standing hypotheses in macro-and community ecology. C1 [Duffy, J. Emmett] Smithsonian Inst, Tennenbaum Marine Observ Network, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Duffy, J. Emmett; Ziegler, Shelby L.; Lefcheck, Jonathan S.] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA USA. [Campbell, Justin E.] Smithsonian Marine Stn, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Bippus, Paige M.] Coll Charleston, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RP Duffy, JE (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Tennenbaum Marine Observ Network, Washington, DC 20560 USA. EM duffye@si.edu OI Lefcheck, Jonathan/0000-0002-8787-1786 FU National Science Foundation [OCE-1336206]; Smithsonian Institution's Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystem Program; Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network; National Science Foundation's Research Experiences for Undergraduates program [OCE-062882] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (award OCE-1336206 to JED), and the Smithsonian Institution's Caribbean Coral Reef Ecosystem Program and Tennenbaum Marine Observatories Network. PB was also supported by the National Science Foundation's Research Experiences for Undergraduates program (award OCE-062882 to Drs. Linda Schaffner and Rochelle Seitz, VIMS). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 24 PY 2015 VL 10 IS 11 AR e0142994 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0142994 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CX7DU UT WOS:000365862600024 PM 26599815 ER PT J AU Burns, JM AF Burns, John M. TI SPECIATION IN AN INSULAR SAND DUNE HABITAT: ATRYTONOPSIS (HESPERIIDAE: HESPERIINAE)-MAINLY FROM THE SOUTHWESTERN UNITED STATES AND MEXICO-OFF THE NORTH CAROLINA COAST SO JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE genitalia (male and female); life history; larval foodplant; Schizachyrium littorale; Atrytonopsis quinteri new species; Atrytonopsis hianna; Atrytonopsis margarita revised status ID SKIPPER BUTTERFLIES; DNA BARCODES; LEPIDOPTERA; HESPERIIDAE AB Genus Atrytonopsis of the American Southwest and Mexico includes the distributionally anomalous species Atrytonopsis Manna of the eastern United States, which has given rise to a species that is, in addition, ecologically anomalous (not just for its genus but for US hesperiids generally): Atrytonopsis quinteri new species lives in sand dunes along a 50-km stretch of two North Carolina barrier islands (Bogue Banks and Bear Island) and on nearby man-made Radio Island. The oviposition site and larval foodplant of this skipper is the coastal grass Schizachyrium littorale, which thrives in the rigorous sand dune habitat. Atrytonopsis quinteri is bivoltine and locally abundant. Courtship can be cursory; larvae go through 6 instars; and adults have a notably distinctive fades but variable genitalia like those of A. hianna (except that some A. quinteri females more frequently express an extreme genitalic variant). Genitalia of this pair of species differ somewhat from those of their congeners, most of which are illustrated. Among these, female genitalia show that A. margarita revised status is a species separate from its current senior synonym, A. python. Atrytonopsis quinteri and A. hianna are geographically close to each other: at one point the intervening gap (mostly water and marsh) is no more than 5 km. C1 [Burns, John M.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Burns, JM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, POB 37012,MRC 127, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM burnsj@si.edu FU Smithsonian Institution Fluid Research Funds [1233F3-44, 1233F4-74] FX Many thanks to Eric L. Quinter, J. Bolling Sullivan, and Richard A. Anderson for contributing specimens; J. Bolling and Ashley Sullivan, of Beaufort, NC, for their generous hospitality; Bryan J. Taylor, Chief Park Naturalist of the North Carolina-Division of Parks and Recreation, for official collecting permits; Mike Saigh, Hammocks Beach State Park Superintendent, for arranging passage to and from Bear Island, and to Jesse Hines for providing it; Julian I. Wooten for permission to collect at Onslow Beach in Camp Lejeune Marine Corps Base, NC, and to John Gibbs for accompanying me when I was there; Joe L. Bruner for identifying pressed specimens of the larval foodplant and a relative of it; Richard G. Robbins, Adrienne B. Venables, Elizabeth A. Klafter, and Donald J. Harvey for dissecting a total of 285 Atrytonopsis genitalia; Young Sohn for drawing some of them (Figs. 32-54); Karie Darrow for preparing the map (Fig. 1), photographing adults (Figs. 2-31) and female genitalia (Fig. 55), and assembling and numbering figures; Nick V. Grishin for compiling his photographs of early stages (Fig. 62); Stephen P. Hall, Allison K. Leidner, Eric H. Metzler, Orrin H. Pilkey, Stanley R. Riggs, and J. Bolling Sullivan for stimulating discussions; and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. I am grateful to all. Smithsonian Institution Fluid Research Funds 1233F3-44 and 1233F4-74 supported fieldwork. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU LEPIDOPTERISTS SOC PI LOS ANGELES PA 900 EXPOSITION BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90007-4057 USA SN 0024-0966 J9 J LEPID SOC JI J. Lepid. Soc. PD NOV 24 PY 2015 VL 69 IS 4 BP 275 EP 292 PG 18 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CX1LJ UT WOS:000365457400004 ER PT J AU Fratello, SA Nakahara, S Brevignon, CR Harvey, DJ AF Fratello, Steven A. Nakahara, Shinichi Brevignon, Christian R. Harvey, Donald J. TI TWO NEW SPECIES OF EUPTYCHIA HUBNER, 1818 (LEPIDOPTERA: NYMPHALIDAE: SATYRINAE) FROM THE GUIANA SHIELD, WITH NOTES ON E. MARCELI BREVIGNON, 2005 AND E. RUFOCINCTA WEYMER, 1911 SO JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Euptychia picea; E. roraima; Euptychia audacia; Euptychia aquila; Guiana subregion ID SOUTH-AMERICA; BIOGEOGRAPHY; CONSERVATION; CHIROPTERA; SUBREGION; GUYANA; BRAZIL; GENUS AB Two new species of Euptychia are described: Euptychia audacia Brevignon, Fratello & Nakahara n. sp. and Euptychia aquila Fratello, Nakahara & Brevignon n. sp. These two taxa, the recently described Euptychia marceli Brevignon, 2005 and E. roraima Nakahara, Fratello & Harvey, 2014, a quartet of Euptychia from the Guiana Shield region, are compared morphologically. New information on E. marceli Brevignon, 2005 is revealed, and the taxonomic status of E. rufocincta Weymer, 1911 is discussed including its possible synonymy with E. picea Butler, 1867. C1 [Nakahara, Shinichi] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, McGuire Ctr Lepidoptera & Biodivers, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Harvey, Donald J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20560 USA. RP Fratello, SA (reprint author), 11 First St, W Islip, NY 11795 USA. EM sfratell@suffolk.lib.ny.us; snakahara@ufl.edu; christian.brevignon@wanadoo.fr; harveyd@si.edu FU Smithsonian's Biodiversity of the Guianas Program; The Field Museum; Paul Goldstein & the Division of Insects; National Science Foundation [DEB-1256742]; FEDER; Fonds Shell; Conseil Regional; DEAL; Conseil General; MENESR FX We thank the following people for their help concerning this article: Karie Darrow (USNM) for genitalia photos; Hajo Gernaat (Netherlands) for information concerning Surinamese Euptychia; Mohamed Benmesbah (France) for photographs of specimens he collected in French Guiana; Holly Gordon (US) for photographic help; Bernard Hermier (French Guiana) for the loan of French Guiana specimens; Gerardo Lamas (MUSM) for advice concerning Euptychia and their nomenclature; David Plotkin (MGCL) for reviewing the final version of the manuscript; Keith Willmott (MGCL) for helpful correspondence including Euptychia photos and earlier curatorial work on Guyana Euptychia. Andrew Neild (UK) contributed an enormous amount of time, information and photos that were invaluable for a deeper understanding of the subject matter. We thank the staff of the MGCL and USNM for both access to their collections and their hospitality. SF thanks numerous people on their Guyana montane expeditions including but not limited to: Keith David, Robert Hanner, Samuel Hendricks, Vibert James, Waldyke Prince, Romeo Williams and numerous Amerindian helpers, all of whose hard work and companionship accounted for incredibly successful expeditions. Funding for these expeditions was predominantly through the Smithsonian's Biodiversity of the Guianas Program, administered by two Smithsonian Botanists, Vickie Funk and Carol Kelloff; The Field Museum provided funding for an additional expedition, the funding secured by Paul Goldstein & the Division of Insects. SN acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation, Grant No. DEB-1256742. We acknowledge the project 'Our Planet Reviewed - French Guiana 2015' funded by FEDER, Fonds Shell, Conseil Regional, DEAL, Conseil General, MENESR. Finally, we thank Angel Viloria and an anonymous reviewer for their time, efforts and thoroughness which resulted in an improved article. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LEPIDOPTERISTS SOC PI LOS ANGELES PA 900 EXPOSITION BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90007-4057 USA SN 0024-0966 J9 J LEPID SOC JI J. Lepid. Soc. PD NOV 24 PY 2015 VL 69 IS 4 BP 293 EP 306 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CX1LJ UT WOS:000365457400005 ER PT J AU Adamski, D Miller, SE AF Adamski, David Miller, Scott E. TI TWO NEW YELLOW-BANDED SISTER SPECIES OF SYNTOMAULA MEYRICK (LEPIDOPTERA: GELECHIOIDEA: COSMOPTERIGIDAE) FROM PAPUA NEW GUINEA ASSOCIATED WITH RUBIACEAE SO JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Cosmopterigidae; DNA barcode; Gelechioidea; Malesia; Papua New Guinea; Rubiaceae; Mimicry; Taxonomy ID DNA BARCODES; TROPICAL FORESTS; PARATAXONOMISTS; CATERPILLARS; DIVERSITY; TINEIDAE; BEETLES AB Two new species, Syntomaula xanthofasciata n. sp. and S. flavoangulata n. sp. (Lepidoptera: Gelechioidea: Cosmopterigidae) are described from Papua New Guinea and are associated with Neonauclea obversifolia (Valeton) Merr. & L.M. Perry, Uncaria appendiculata Benth., and Uncaria cordata (Lour.) Merr. (Rubiaceae). Macromorphological features and DNA barcodes provide corroborative evidence to diagnose these similarly patterned species. Illustrations of the wing pattern, wing venation, and male and female genitalia are provided. The distinctive yellow and brown forewing coloration is discussed with regard to potential mimicry. C1 [Adamski, David; Miller, Scott E.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Adamski, D (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Dept Entomol, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. OI Miller, Scott/0000-0002-4138-1378 FU US National Science Foundation [DEB 0211591, 0515678]; Bache Fund; Smithsonian Institution FX Field work at Wanang was supported by US National Science Foundation grants DEB 0211591 and 0515678. Field assistance was provided by the Binatang Research Center parataxonomist team and the people of Wanang Village. George Weiblen and Tim Whitfeld identified host plants. DNA barcodes were provided by Paul Hebert, Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, with funding from Genome Canada. Miller first noticed the yellow-brown color pattern on a trip to Wau Ecology Institute, Papua New Guinea in 1983, supported by the Bache Fund and Smithsonian Institution. G. Allen Samuelson, Bishop Museum, provided advice on beetles. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU LEPIDOPTERISTS SOC PI LOS ANGELES PA 900 EXPOSITION BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90007-4057 USA SN 0024-0966 J9 J LEPID SOC JI J. Lepid. Soc. PD NOV 24 PY 2015 VL 69 IS 4 BP 307 EP 316 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CX1LJ UT WOS:000365457400006 ER PT J AU Castellanos, I Zuria, I Barbosa, P Caldas, A AF Castellanos, Ignacio Zuria, Iriana Barbosa, Pedro Caldas, Astrid TI MORPHOLOGY AND ANTIPREDATOR BEHAVIOR IN LARVAL ORGYIA LEUCOSTIGMA (LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIIDAE) SO JOURNAL OF THE LEPIDOPTERISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE caterpillar; costs; defense; tussock moth ID INVERTEBRATE PREDATORS; DEFENSE STRATEGIES; TRAIT COMPENSATION; CATERPILLARS; RISK; COSPECIALIZATION; RESPONSES; BEETLE; APHID C1 [Castellanos, Ignacio; Zuria, Iriana] Univ Autonoma Estado Hidalgo, Inst Ciencias Basicas & Ingn, Ctr Invest Biol, Mineral Reforma, Mexico City 42184, DF, Mexico. [Barbosa, Pedro] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Caldas, Astrid] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Castellanos, I (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Estado Hidalgo, Inst Ciencias Basicas & Ingn, Ctr Invest Biol, Mineral Reforma, 4-5 Carr Pachuca Tulancingo S-N, Mexico City 42184, DF, Mexico. EM ignacioe.castellanos@gmail.com FU Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park [UAEH-PIFI-2014]; Appalachian Laboratory, UMCES FX I. Castellanos and I. Zuria thank UAEH-PIFI-2014, the Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, and the Appalachian Laboratory, UMCES, for their support, and J. R. Aldrich for providing Podisus maculiventris pheromone traps. We acknowledge the helpful suggestions provided by K. S. Summerville and two anonymous reviewers. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU LEPIDOPTERISTS SOC PI LOS ANGELES PA 900 EXPOSITION BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90007-4057 USA SN 0024-0966 J9 J LEPID SOC JI J. Lepid. Soc. PD NOV 24 PY 2015 VL 69 IS 4 BP 327 EP 331 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA CX1LJ UT WOS:000365457400009 ER PT J AU Curler, GR Moulton, JK Madriz, RI AF Curler, Gregory R. Moulton, John K. Madriz, R. Isai TI Redescription of Aposycorax chilensis (Tonnoir) (Diptera, Psychodidae, Sycoracinae) with the first identification of a blood meal host for the species SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE hematophagous; moth flies; Batrachyla; frogs; Chile; Patagonia AB Adults of Aposycorax chilensis were collected from several sites during fieldwork in Chilean Patagonia, December 2013. Specimens were swept or aspirated from roadside seeps and found in greatest numbers during the morning hours. DNA was extracted from a recently blood-fed female and was subjected to the polymerase chain reaction using vertebrate-specific 16S primers. An amplicon was obtained and the resulting sequence was found to have over 99% identity with two frogs in the genus Batrachyla, thus establishing this species' preference for amphibian hosts. The diagnosis and description of adult A. chilensis are revised, including the first description of the complete male genital tract. Habitat characteristics for this species and rotation of the male genitalia are discussed. C1 [Curler, Gregory R.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi Entomol Museum, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Curler, Gregory R.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Moulton, John K.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Madriz, R. Isai] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Curler, GR (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi Entomol Museum, 100 Old Highway 12,PO Drawer 9775, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM gcurler@gmail.com; jmoulton@utk.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0933218]; Samuel W. Williston Dipterology Fund, Smithsonian Institution FX We wish to thank Steve Marshall for sharing the photographs included in Figures 1 and 3 (left) as well as Greg Courtney for providing those in Figures 3 (right) and 4. This research was funded in part by the National Science Foundation (DEB-0933218 awarded to JKM) as well as the Samuel W. Williston Dipterology Fund, Smithsonian Institution (awarded to GRC). Comments from Rudiger Wagner and Freddy Bravo were helpful in revising the original manuscript. GRC is grateful to his wife, Amanda Jacobson, who made it possible for him to travel to Chile, and for her support in all aspects of his work. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD NOV 24 PY 2015 VL 4048 IS 1 BP 114 EP 126 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA CW7CC UT WOS:000365154500007 PM 26624740 ER PT J AU Pabst, S Wang, DC Santra, R AF Pabst, Stefan Wang, Daochen Santra, Robin TI Driving Rabi oscillations at the giant dipole resonance in xenon SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID FREE-ELECTRON LASER; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET; ATOMIC SYSTEM; PULSES; PHOTOIONIZATION; SPECTROSCOPY; OPERATION; COHERENT; DYNAMICS; SHELL AB Free-electron lasers (FELs) produce short and very intense light pulses in the XUV and x-ray regimes. We investigate the possibility to drive Rabi oscillations in xenon with an intense FEL pulse by using the unusually large dipole strength of the giant dipole resonance (GDR). The GDR decays within less than 30 as due to its position, which is above the 4d ionization threshold. We find that intensities around 10(18) W/cm(2) are required to induce Rabi oscillations with a period comparable to the lifetime. The pulse duration should not exceed 100 as because xenon will be fully ionized within a few lifetimes. Rabi oscillations reveal themselves also in the photoelectron spectrum in the form of Autler-Townes splittings extending over several tens of electronvolts. C1 [Pabst, Stefan; Wang, Daochen; Santra, Robin] DESY, Ctr Free Elect Laser Sci, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. [Pabst, Stefan] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, ITAMP, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Wang, Daochen] Univ Cambridge, DAMTP, Cambridge CB3 0WA, England. [Santra, Robin] Univ Hamburg, Dept Phys, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany. RP Pabst, S (reprint author), DESY, Ctr Free Elect Laser Sci, Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany. EM stefan.pabst@cfa.harvard.edu; robin.santra@cfel.de RI Pabst, Stefan/J-6541-2013; Santra, Robin/E-8332-2014 OI Pabst, Stefan/0000-0003-1134-4629; Santra, Robin/0000-0002-1442-9815 FU Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; NSF FX S.P. is funded by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and by the NSF through a grant to ITAMP. NR 53 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 EI 1094-1622 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD NOV 23 PY 2015 VL 92 IS 5 AR 053424 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.92.053424 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA CX2DE UT WOS:000365504500011 ER PT J AU Carter, GG Wilkinson, GS AF Carter, Gerald G. Wilkinson, Gerald S. TI Social benefits of non-kin food sharing by female vampire bats SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE bet-hedging; cooperation; Desmodus rotundus; reciprocity; social bonds; social networks ID RECIPROCAL ALTRUISM; GROUP AUGMENTATION; DEMAND DETERMINE; PARTNER CHOICE; EVOLUTION; COOPERATION AB Regurgitations of blood among vampire bats appear to benefit both direct and indirect fitness. To maximize inclusive fitness, reciprocal food sharing should occur among close kin. Why then do females with kin roost-mates help non-kin? We tested the hypothesis that helping non-kin increases a bat's success at obtaining future donations by expanding its network of potential donors. On six occasions, we individually fasted 14 adult females and measured donations from 28 possible donors. Each female was fasted before, during and after a treatment period, when we prevented donations from past donors (including 10 close relatives) by simultaneously fasting or removing them. This experiment was designed to detect partner switching and yielded three main results. First, females received less food when we prevented donations from a past donor versus a control bat. Donors within a group are therefore not interchangeable. Second, the treatment increased the variance in donors' contributions to food received by subjects, suggesting the possibility of alternative responses to a partner's inability to reciprocate. Finally, bats that fed more non-kin in previous years had more donors and received more food during the treatment. These results indicate that a bat can expand its network of possible donors by helping non-kin. C1 [Carter, Gerald G.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City 084303092, Panama. [Wilkinson, Gerald S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Carter, GG (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Panama City 084303092, Panama. EM gerry@socialbat.org OI Wilkinson, Gerald/0000-0001-7799-8444 FU Ford Predoctoral Fellowship; National Science Foundation; American Society of Mammalogists; Animal Behavior Society FX This work was supported by a Ford Predoctoral Fellowship, a Dissertation Improvement Grant from the National Science Foundation and grants from the American Society of Mammalogists and Animal Behavior Society. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 28 U2 79 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD NOV 22 PY 2015 VL 282 IS 1819 AR 20152524 DI 10.1098/rspb.2015.2524 PG 5 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DA1NM UT WOS:000367562500008 ER PT J AU Smith, RJ Alton, P Lucey, JR Conroy, C Carter, D AF Smith, Russell J. Alton, Padraig Lucey, John R. Conroy, Charlie Carter, David TI The IMF-sensitive 1.14-mu m Na I doublet in early-type galaxies SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies: stellar content ID INITIAL MASS FUNCTION; RED-SEQUENCE GALAXIES; STELLAR POPULATIONS; SPECTROSCOPY; CLUSTER; BAND; TELESCOPE; INDEXES; NUCLEI; SODIUM AB We present J-band spectroscopy of passive galaxies focusing on the Na I doublet at 1.14 mu m. Like the Na I 0.82 mu m doublet, this feature is strong in low-mass stars and hence may provide a useful probe of the initial mass function (IMF). From high signal-to-noise composite spectra, we find that Na I 1.14 mu m increases steeply with increasing velocity dispersion, s, and for the most massive galaxies (sigma greater than or similar to 300 km s(-1)) ismuch stronger than predicted from synthetic spectra with Milky Way-like IMFs and solar abundances. Reproducing Na I 1.14 mu m at high s likely requires either a very high [Na/H], or a bottom-heavy IMF, or a combination of both. Using the Na D line to break the degeneracy between IMF and abundance, we infer [Na/H] approximate to +0.5 and a steep IMF (single-slope-equivalent x approximate to 3.2, where x = 2.35 for Salpeter), for the high-sigma galaxies. At lower mass (sigma = 50-100 km s(-1)), the line strengths are compatible with Milky Way (MW)-like IMFs and near-solar [Na/H]. We highlight two galaxies in our sample where strong gravitational lensing masses favour MW-like IMFs. Like the high-sigma sample on average, these galaxies have strong Na I 1.14 mu m; taken in isolation their sodium indices imply bottom-heavy IMFs which are hard to reconcile with the lensing masses. An alternative full-spectrum-fitting approach, applied to the high-sigma sample, recovers an IMF less heavy than Salpeter, but under-predicts the Na I 1.14 mu m line at the 5 sigma level. We conclude that current models struggle to reproduce this feature in the most massive galaxies without breaking other constraints, and caution against over-reliance on the sodium lines in spectroscopic IMFstudies. C1 [Smith, Russell J.; Alton, Padraig; Lucey, John R.] Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Ctr Extragalact Astron, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. [Conroy, Charlie] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Carter, David] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Astrophys Res Inst, Liverpool L3 5RF, Merseyside, England. RP Smith, RJ (reprint author), Univ Durham, Dept Phys, Ctr Extragalact Astron, South Rd, Durham DH1 3LE, England. EM russell.smith@durham.ac.uk FU STFC [ST/L00075X/1]; Leverhulme Trust; ESO [093.B-0193, S14A-001] FX RJS was supported by the STFC Durham Astronomy Consolidated Grant 2014-2017 (ST/L00075X/1), PA by an STFC studentship, and DC by a Leverhulme Trust Emeritus Fellowship. The data used here are available through the ESO science archive (programme ID 093.B-0193) and the Subaru archive (programme ID S14A-001). NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV 21 PY 2015 VL 454 IS 1 BP L71 EP L75 DI 10.1093/mnrasl/slv132 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DQ0WJ UT WOS:000378922200014 ER PT J AU Petroff, E Johnston, S Keane, EF van Straten, W Bailes, M Barr, ED Barsdell, BR Burke-Spolaor, S Caleb, M Champion, DJ Flynn, C Jameson, A Kramer, M Ng, C Possenti, A Stappers, BW AF Petroff, E. Johnston, S. Keane, E. F. van Straten, W. Bailes, M. Barr, E. D. Barsdell, B. R. Burke-Spolaor, S. Caleb, M. Champion, D. J. Flynn, C. Jameson, A. Kramer, M. Ng, C. Possenti, A. Stappers, B. W. TI A survey of FRB fields: limits on repeatability SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE methods: observational; stars: magnetars; pulsars: general; radio continuum: stars ID FAST RADIO-BURSTS; COSMOLOGICAL DISTANCES; PULSAR SURVEY; DISPERSION; DISCOVERY; TELESCOPE; CATALOG AB Several theories exist to explain the source of the bright, millisecond duration pulses known as fast radio bursts (FRBs). If the progenitors of FRBs are non-cataclysmic, such as giant pulses from pulsars, pulsar-planet binaries, or magnetar flares, FRB emission may be seen to repeat. We have undertaken a survey of the fields of eight known FRBs from the High Time Resolution Universe survey to search for repeating pulses. Although no repeat pulses were detected the survey yielded the detection of a new FRB, described in Petroff et al. (2015a). From our observations we rule out periodic repeating sources with periods P <= 8.6 h and rule out sources with periods 8.6 < P < 21 h at the 90 per cent confidence level. At P >= 21 h our limits fall off as similar to 1/P. Dedicated and persistent observations of FRB source fields are needed to rule out repetition on longer time-scales, a task well-suited to next generation wide-field transient detectors. C1 [Petroff, E.; Keane, E. F.; van Straten, W.; Bailes, M.; Barr, E. D.; Caleb, M.; Flynn, C.; Jameson, A.] Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. [Petroff, E.; Johnston, S.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Australia Telescope Natl Facil, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Keane, E. F.] Jodrell Bank Observ, SKA Org, Macclesfield SK11 9DL, Cheshire, England. [Barsdell, B. R.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Burke-Spolaor, S.] CALTECH, Cahill Ctr Astrophys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Caleb, M.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia. [Champion, D. J.; Kramer, M.; Ng, C.] Max Planck Inst Radioastron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Kramer, M.; Stappers, B. W.] Univ Manchester, Jodrell Bank, Ctr Astrophys, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England. [Possenti, A.] INAF, Osservatorio Astron Cagliari, I-09047 Selargius, CA, Italy. RP Petroff, E (reprint author), Swinburne Univ Technol, Ctr Astrophys & Supercomp, POB 218, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. EM epetroff@astro.swin.edu.au FU Commonwealth of Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO) [CE110001020]; Swinburne; Australian Government's Education Investment Fund FX We thank the referee for the useful comments and suggestions related to this manuscript. The Parkes radio telescope and the Australia Telescope Compact Array are part of the Australia Telescope National Facility which is funded by the Commonwealth of Australia for operation as a National Facility managed by CSIRO. Parts of this research were conducted by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO), through project number CE110001020. This work was performed on the gSTAR national facility at Swinburne University of Technology. gSTAR is funded by Swinburne and the Australian Government's Education Investment Fund. EP would like to thank P. Edwards for assisting with scheduling additional observations for this work. NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV 21 PY 2015 VL 454 IS 1 BP 457 EP 462 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv1953 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CU6QJ UT WOS:000363657000031 ER PT J AU Davis, TA Rowlands, K Allison, JR Shabala, SS Ting, YS Lagos, CD Kaviraj, S Bourne, N Dunne, L Eales, S Ivison, RJ Maddox, S Smith, DJB Smith, MWL Temi, P AF Davis, Timothy A. Rowlands, Kate Allison, James R. Shabala, Stanislav S. Ting, Yuan-Sen Lagos, Claudia del P. Kaviraj, Sugata Bourne, Nathan Dunne, Loretta Eales, Steve Ivison, Rob J. Maddox, Steve Smith, Daniel J. B. Smith, Matthew W. L. Temi, Pasquale TI Molecular and atomic gas in dust lane early-type galaxies - I. Low star formation efficiencies in minor merger remnants (vol 449, pg 3503, 2015) SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Correction DE errata, addenda; ISM: molecules; galaxies: elliptical and lenticular, cD; galaxies: evolution; galaxies: interactions; galaxies: ISM C1 [Davis, Timothy A.; Lagos, Claudia del P.; Ivison, Rob J.] European So Observ, D-85748 Garching, Germany. [Davis, Timothy A.; Kaviraj, Sugata; Smith, Daniel J. B.] Univ Hertfordshire, Ctr Astrophys Res, Hatfield AL1 9AB, Herts, England. [Rowlands, Kate] Univ St Andrews, Sch Phys & Astron, St Andrews KY16 9SS, Fife, Scotland. [Allison, James R.] CSIRO Astron & Space Sci, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia. [Shabala, Stanislav S.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Math & Phys, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Ting, Yuan-Sen] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lagos, Claudia del P.] Univ Western Australia, Int Ctr Radio Astron ICRAR, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Bourne, Nathan; Dunne, Loretta; Ivison, Rob J.; Maddox, Steve] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Observ, Inst Astron, Edinburgh EH9 3HJ, Midlothian, Scotland. [Dunne, Loretta; Maddox, Steve] Univ Canterbury, Dept Phys & Astron, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand. [Eales, Steve; Smith, Matthew W. L.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales. [Temi, Pasquale] NASA, Astrophys Branch, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Davis, TA (reprint author), European So Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany. EM t.davis4@herts.ac.uk RI Ivison, R./G-4450-2011 OI Ivison, R./0000-0001-5118-1313 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV 21 PY 2015 VL 454 IS 1 BP 657 EP 658 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv1973 PG 2 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CU6QJ UT WOS:000363657000047 ER PT J AU Hemachandra, D Barmby, P Peeters, E Willner, SP Ashby, MLN Smith, HA Gordon, KD Smith, DA Fazio, GG AF Hemachandra, D. Barmby, P. Peeters, E. Willner, S. P. Ashby, M. L. N. Smith, H. A. Gordon, K. D. Smith, D. A. Fazio, G. G. TI Mid-infrared spectroscopy of the Andromeda galaxy SO MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE ISM: lines and bands; ISM: molecules; galaxies: individual: M31; galaxies: ISM; galaxies: nuclei; infrared: ISM ID SUPERMASSIVE BLACK-HOLE; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; AGE STELLAR POPULATION; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; STAR-FORMING GALAXIES; UNUSUAL PAH EMISSION; INFRARED SPECTROGRAPH; ELLIPTIC GALAXIES; SILICATE EMISSION AB We present Spitzer/Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) 5-21 mu m spectroscopic maps towards 12 regions in the Andromeda galaxy (M31). These regions include the nucleus, bulge, an active region in the star-forming ring and nine other regions chosen to cover a range of mid-to-far-infrared colours. In line with previous results, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) feature ratios (6.2 and 7.7 mu m features compared to the 11.2 mu m feature) measured from our extracted M31 spectra, except the nucleus, strongly correlate. The equivalent widths of the main PAH features, as a function of metallicity and radiation hardness, are consistent with those observed for other nearby spiral and starburst galaxies. Reprocessed data from the ISOCAM instrument on the Infrared Space Observatory agree with the IRS data; early reports of suppressed 6-8 mu m features and enhanced 11.3 mu m feature intensity and full width at half-maximum apparently resulted from background-subtraction problems. The nucleus does not show any PAH emission but does show strong silicate emission at 9.7 mu m. Furthermore, different spectral features (11.3 mu m PAH emission, silicate emission and [Ne III] 15.5 mu m line emission) have distinct spatial distributions in the nuclear region: the silicate emission is strongest towards the stellar nucleus, while the PAH emission peaks 15 arcsec north of the nucleus. The PAH feature ratios at this position are atypical with strong emission at 11.2 and 15-20 mu m but weak emission at 6-8 mu m. The nucleus itself is dominated by stellar light giving rise to a strong blue continuum and silicate emission. C1 [Hemachandra, D.; Barmby, P.; Peeters, E.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. [Peeters, E.] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Willner, S. P.; Ashby, M. L. N.; Smith, H. A.; Fazio, G. G.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Gordon, K. D.; Smith, D. A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Hemachandra, D (reprint author), Univ Western Ontario, Dept Phys & Astron, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada. EM pbarmby@uwo.ca; epeeters@uwo.ca RI Barmby, Pauline/I-7194-2016 OI Barmby, Pauline/0000-0003-2767-0090 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); NSERC Discovery Accelerator Grant; Jet Propulsion Laboratory RSAs [1369565, 1279141] FX We would like to thank the referee S. Hony whose comments have helped to improve the paper. We also thank D. Stock, K. Sandstrom and S. Lianou for fruitful discussions and technical support and S. Gallagher and G. Sloan for helpful comments. We thank H. Kaneda for providing a template spectrum of a quiescent elliptical galaxy. We acknowledge support from Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grants to PB and EP, an NSERC Discovery Accelerator Grant to EP, and Jet Propulsion Laboratory RSAs # 1369565 and 1279141 to HS. This work is based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with NASA. This research has made use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System. The version of the ISO data presented in this paper corresponds to the Highly Processed Data Product (HPDP) set called 'Mid-IR Spectro Imaging ISOCAM CVF Observations' by Boulanger et al. (2005), available for public use in the ISO Data Archive. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-8711 EI 1365-2966 J9 MON NOT R ASTRON SOC JI Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. PD NOV 21 PY 2015 VL 454 IS 1 BP 818 EP 830 DI 10.1093/mnras/stv2001 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CU6QJ UT WOS:000363657000059 ER PT J AU Adams, JD Herter, TL Hora, JL Schneider, N Lau, RM Staguhn, JG Simon, R Smith, N Gehrz, RD Allen, LE Bontemps, S Carey, SJ Fazio, GG Gutermuth, RA Fernandez, AG Hankins, M Hill, T Keto, E Koenig, XP Kraemer, KE Megeath, ST Mizuno, DR Motte, F Myers, PC Smith, HA AF Adams, J. D. Herter, T. L. Hora, J. L. Schneider, N. Lau, R. M. Staguhn, J. G. Simon, R. Smith, N. Gehrz, R. D. Allen, L. E. Bontemps, S. Carey, S. J. Fazio, G. G. Gutermuth, R. A. Fernandez, A. Guzman Hankins, M. Hill, T. Keto, E. Koenig, X. P. Kraemer, K. E. Megeath, S. T. Mizuno, D. R. Motte, F. Myers, P. C. Smith, H. A. TI SOFIA/FORCAST OBSERVATIONS OF WARM DUST IN S106: A FRAGMENTED ENVIRONMENT SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE circumstellar matter; H II regions; infrared: stars; radiative transfer; stars: formation ID YOUNG STELLAR OBJECTS; H-II REGIONS; 1ST SCIENCE OBSERVATIONS; SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; IN-FLIGHT PERFORMANCE; ARRAY-CAMERA IRAC; MASSIVE STAR-FORMATION; BIPOLAR NEBULA; PHOTODISSOCIATION REGIONS; MIDINFRARED CAMERA AB We present mid-IR (19-37 pm) imaging observations of S106 from SOFIA/FORCAST, complemented with IR observations from SpitzerlIRAC (3.6-8.0 mu m), IRTF/MIRLIN (11.3 and 12.5 mu m), and HerschelIPACS (70 and 160 pm). We use these observations, observations in the literature, and radiation transfer modeling to study the heating and composition of the warm (similar to 100 K) dust in the region. The dust is heated radiatively by the source S106 IR, with little contributions from grain-electron collisions and Ly alpha radiation. The dust luminosity is greater than or similar to(9.02 +/- 1.01) x 10(4) L-circle dot), consistent with heating by a mid- to late-type 0 star. We find a temperature gradient (similar to 75-107 K) in the lobes, which is consistent with a dusty equatorial geometry around S106 IR. Furthermore, the SOFIA observations resolve several cool (similar to 65-70 K) lanes and pockets of warmer (similar to 75-90 K) dust in the ionization shadow, indicating that the environment is fragmented. We model the dust mass as a composition of amorphous silicates, amorphous carbon, big grains, very small grains, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. We present the relative abundances of each grain component for several locations in S106. C1 [Adams, J. D.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Stratospher Observ Infrared Astron, NASA, Armstrong Flight Res Ctr, Palmdale, CA 93550 USA. [Adams, J. D.; Herter, T. L.; Lau, R. M.; Hankins, M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Hora, J. L.; Fazio, G. G.; Fernandez, A. Guzman; Keto, E.; Myers, P. C.; Smith, H. A.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Schneider, N.; Simon, R.] Univ Cologne, Phys Inst 1, KOSMA, D-50937 Cologne, Germany. [Staguhn, J. G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Staguhn, J. G.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Smith, N.] Univ Arizona, Dept Astron, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Gehrz, R. D.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Inst Astrophys, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Allen, L. E.] Natl Opt Astron Observ, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Bontemps, S.] Univ Bordeaux, LAB, CNRS, UMR 5804, F-33270 Florac, France. [Carey, S. J.] CALTECH, Spitzer Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Gutermuth, R. A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Hill, T.] Joint ALMA Observ, Santiago, Chile. [Koenig, X. P.] Yale Univ, Dept Astron, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Kraemer, K. E.; Mizuno, D. R.] Boston Coll, Inst Sci Res, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. [Megeath, S. T.] Univ Toledo, Dept Phys & Astron, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Motte, F.] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, CEA, Lab AIM Paris Saclay,Irfu, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. RP Adams, JD (reprint author), Univ Space Res Assoc, Stratospher Observ Infrared Astron, NASA, Armstrong Flight Res Ctr, 2825 East Ave P, Palmdale, CA 93550 USA. OI Kraemer, Kathleen/0000-0002-2626-7155 FU Universities Space Research Association, Inc. (USRA), under NASA [NAS2-97001]; Deutsches SOFIA Institut (DSI) under DLR [50 OK 0901]; NASA by USRA [8500-98-014]; NASA [1407]; NASA by JPL/Caltech; NASA; United States Air Force FX We thank the SOFIA ground crew, flight crew, and Mission Operations for their successful execution of the SOFIA observations. We also thank an anonymous referee for making suggestions that led to the improvement of this paper. This work is based on observations made with the NASA/DLR Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). SOFIA science mission operations are conducted jointly by the Universities Space Research Association, Inc. (USRA), under NASA contract NAS2-97001, and the Deutsches SOFIA Institut (DSI) under DLR contract 50 OK 0901. Financial support for FORCAST was provided to Cornell by NASA through award 8500-98-014 issued by USRA. This work is based on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by JPL/Caltech under NASA contract 1407. This work is based in part on observations made with Herschel, a European Space Agency Cornerstone Mission with significant participation by NASA. Support for this work was provided by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech. R.D.G. acknowledges support from NASA and the United States Air Force. NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 1 AR 54 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/1/54 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9HQ UT WOS:000365310200054 ER PT J AU Cowperthwaite, PS Berger, E AF Cowperthwaite, P. S. Berger, E. TI A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF DETECTABILITY AND CONTAMINATION IN DEEP RAPID OPTICAL SEARCHES FOR GRAVITATIONAL WAVE COUNTERPARTS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma-ray burst: general; gravitational waves; surveys; telescopes ID GAMMA-RAY BURSTS; NEUTRON-STAR MERGERS; COMPACT OBJECT MERGERS; RADIOACTIVELY POWERED TRANSIENTS; ACCRETION-INDUCED COLLAPSE; NICKEL-RICH OUTFLOWS; BLACK-HOLE; HOST GALAXY; ELECTROMAGNETIC COUNTERPARTS; WHITE-DWARFS AB The first direct detection of gravitational waves (GWs) by the ground-based Advanced LIGO/Virgo interferometers is expected to occur within the next few years. These interferometers are designed to detect the mergers of compact object binaries composed of neutron stars and/or black holes to a fiducial distance of similar to 200 Mpc and a localization region of similar to 100 deg(2). To maximize the science gains from such GW detections it is essential to identify electromagnetic counterparts. Among the wide range of proposed counterparts, the most promising is optical/IR emission powered by the radioactive decay of r-process elements synthesized in the neutron-rich merger ejecta a "kilonova." Here we present detailed simulated observations that encompass a range of strategies for kilonova searches during GW follow-up. We utilize these simulations to assess both the detectability of kilonovae and our ability to distinguish them from a wide range of contaminating transients in the large GW localization regions. We find that if pre-existing deep template images for the GW localization region are available, then nightly observations to a depth of i approximate to 24 mag and z approximate to 23 mag are required to achieve a 95% detection rate; observations that commence within similar to 12 hr of trigger will also capture the kilonova peak and provide stronger constraints on the ejecta properties. We also find that kilonovae can be robustly separated from other known and hypothetical types of transients utilizing cuts on color (i - z greater than or similar to 0.3 mag) and rise time (t(rise) less than or similar to 4 days). In the absence of a pre-existing template the observations must reach similar to 1 mag deeper to achieve the same kilonova detection rate, but robust rejection of contaminants can still be achieved. Motivated by the results of our simulations we discuss the expected performance of current and future wide-field telescopes in achieving these observational goals, and find that prior to LSST the Dark Energy Camera on the Blanco 4 m telescope and Hyper Suprime-Cam on the Subaru 8 m telescope offer the best potential for kilonova discovery. C1 [Cowperthwaite, P. S.; Berger, E.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Cowperthwaite, PS (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM pcowpert@cfa.harvard.edu OI Cowperthwaite, Philip/0000-0002-2478-6939 FU NSF [DGE1144152] FX We thank Ryan Chornock, Maria Drout, Wen-fai Fong, Ryan Foley, Daniel Kasen, Brian Metzger, Armin Rest, and Ken Shen for helpful discussions and providing model data during the course of this analysis. We thank our anonymous referee for comments that improved the structure and readability of this manuscript. P.S.C. is grateful for support provided by the NSF through the Graduate Research Fellowship Program, grant DGE1144152. NR 82 TC 15 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 1 AR 25 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/1/25 PG 28 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9HQ UT WOS:000365310200025 ER PT J AU Evans, NJ Di Francesco, J Lee, JE Jorgensen, JK Choi, M Myers, PC Mardones, D AF Evans, Neal J., II Di Francesco, James Lee, Jeong-Eun Jorgensen, Jes K. Choi, Minho Myers, Philip C. Mardones, Diego TI DETECTION OF INFALL IN THE PROTOSTAR B335 WITH ALMA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: individual objects (B335); line: profiles; stars: formation ID BOK GLOBULE B335; STAR-FORMATION; PHYSICAL CONDITIONS; NGC-1333 IRAS-4; COLLAPSE; CORES; MASS; ENVELOPES; EMISSION; MOTIONS AB Observations of the isolated globule B335 with ALMA have yielded absorption features against the continuum that are redshifted from the systemic velocity in both HCN and HCO+ lines. These features provide unambiguous evidence for infall toward a central luminosity source. Previously developed models of inside-out collapse can match the observed line profiles of HCN and HCO+ averaged over the central 50 AU. At the new distance of 100 pc, the inferred infall radius is 0.012 pc, the mass infall rate is 3 x 10(-6) M-circle dot yr(-1), the age is 5 x 10(4) years, and the accumulated mass in the central zone is 0.15 M-circle dot, most of which must be in the star or in parts of a disk that are opaque at 0.8 mm The continuum detection indicates an optically thin mass (gas and dust) of only 7.5 x 10(-4)M(circle dot) in the central region, consistent with only a very small disk mass. C1 [Evans, Neal J., II] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Di Francesco, James] Natl Res Council Canada, Herzberg Inst Astrophys, Victoria, BC V9E 2E7, Canada. [Lee, Jeong-Eun] Kyung Hee Univ, Sch Space Res, Yongin 449701, Kyungki Do, South Korea. [Jorgensen, Jes K.] Niels Bohr Inst, Ctr Star & Planet Format, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Jorgensen, Jes K.] Nat Hist Museum Denmark, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Choi, Minho] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daejeon 305348, South Korea. [Myers, Philip C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Mardones, Diego] Univ Chile, Dept Astron, Santiago, Chile. RP Evans, NJ (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, 2515 Speedway,Stop C1400, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM nje@astro.as.utexas.edu RI Mardones, Diego/I-5719-2016; OI Myers, Philip/0000-0002-2885-1806; Evans , Neal/0000-0001-5175-1777; Mardones, Diego/0000-0002-5065-9175 FU NSF [AST-1109116]; Lundbeck Foundation; Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) [NRF-2015R1A2A2A01004769]; Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute under the RD program [2015-1-320-18] FX We are grateful to A. Stutz and H-W. Yen for comments on a previous version. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2012.1.00346.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO and NAOJ. This work was supported by NSF grant AST-1109116 to the University of Texas at Austin. The research of J.K.J. is supported by a Lundbeck Foundation Junior Group Leader Fellowship. J.-E. Lee was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) (grant No. NRF-2015R1A2A2A01004769) and the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute under the R&D program (Project No. 2015-1-320-18) supervised by the Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 1 AR 22 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/1/22 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9HQ UT WOS:000365310200022 ER PT J AU Forbrich, J Rodriguez, LF Palau, A Zapata, LA Muzerolle, J Gutermuth, RA AF Forbrich, Jan Rodriguez, Luis F. Palau, Aina Zapata, Luis A. Muzerolle, James Gutermuth, Robert A. TI RADIO MONITORING OF THE PERIODICALLY VARIABLE IR SOURCE LRLL 54361: NO DIRECT CORRELATION BETWEEN THE RADIO AND IR EMISSIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ISM: individual objects: (IC 348, HH 797, LRLL 54361); ISM: jets and outflows; radio continuum: stars; stars: pre-main sequence ID CLASS 0 PROTOSTAR; IC 348; STAR-FORMATION; BINARY-SYSTEM; GOULDS BELT; HOPS 383; X-RAY; MASS; DISTANCE; ORION AB LRLL 54361 is an infrared source located in the star-forming region IC 348 SW. Remarkably, its infrared luminosity increases by a factor of 10 over roughly one week every 25.34 days. To understand the origin of these remarkable periodic variations, we obtained sensitive 3.3 cm JVLA radio continuum observations of LRLL 54361 and its surroundings in six different epochs: three of them during the IR-on state and three during the IR-off state. The radio source associated with LRLL 54361 remained steady and did not show a correlation with the IR variations. We suggest that the IR is tracing the results of fast (with a timescale of days) pulsed accretion from an unseen binary companion, while the radio traces an ionized outflow with an extent of similar to 100 AU that smooths out the variability over a period of the order of a year. The average flux density measured in these 2014 observations, 27 +/- 5 mu Jy, is about a factor of two less than that measured about 1.5 years before, 53 +/- 11 mu Jy, suggesting that variability in the radio is present, but over larger timescales than in the IR. We discuss other sources in the field, in particular two infrared/X-ray stars that show rapidly varying gyrosynchrotron emission. C1 [Forbrich, Jan] Univ Vienna, Dept Astrophys, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Forbrich, Jan] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Rodriguez, Luis F.; Palau, Aina; Zapata, Luis A.] UNAM, Inst Radioastron & Astrofis, Morelia 58089, Michoacan, Mexico. [Muzerolle, James] Space Telescope Sci Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Gutermuth, Robert A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Astron, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Forbrich, J (reprint author), Univ Vienna, Dept Astrophys, Turkenschanzstr 17, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. EM jan.forbrich@univie.ac.at; l.rodrigueza.palau@crya.unam.mx; l.zapata@crya.unam.mx; muzerol@stsci.edu; rgutermu@astro.umass.edu OI Palau, Aina/0000-0002-9569-9234 FU CONACyT, Mexico; DGAPA, UNAM; UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT, Mexico [IA102815] FX Part of this work was produced while J.F. stayed at UNAM as a Visiting Professor under the PAEP program. This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. L.F.R. and L.A.Z. are grateful to CONACyT, Mexico and DGAPA, UNAM for their financial support. A.P. acknowledges financial support from UNAM-DGAPA-PAPIIT IA102815 grant, Mexico. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 1 AR 15 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/1/15 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9HQ UT WOS:000365310200015 ER PT J AU Guzman, VV Ouml;berg, KI Loomis, R Qi, C AF Guzman, V. V. Oeberg, K. I. Loomis, R. Qi, C. TI CYANIDE PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND NITROGEN FRACTIONATION IN THE MWC 480 DISK SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE astrochemistry; ISM: molecules; protoplanetary disks; radio lines: ISM; techniques: high angular resolution ID PROTOPLANETARY DISKS; DM-TAU; ISOTOPIC FRACTIONATION; IMAGING SURVEY; SOLAR-SYSTEM; CHEMISTRY; EXCITATION; RADIATION; SPECTRUM; OBJECTS AB HCN is a commonly observed molecule in Solar System bodies and in interstellar environments. Its abundance with respect to CN is a proposed tracer of UV exposure. HCN is also frequently used to probe the thermal history of objects, by measuring its degree of nitrogen fractionation. To address the utility of HCN as a probe of disks, we present Atacama Large (sub-) Millimeter Array observations of CN, HCN, (HCN)-C-13, and (HCN)-N-15 toward the protoplanetary disk around Herbig Ae star MWC 480, and of CN and HCN toward the disk around T Tauri star DM Tau. Emission from all molecules is clearly detected and spatially resolved, including the first detection of (HCN)-N-15 in a disk. Toward MWC 480, CN emission extends radially more than 1 '' exterior to the observed cut-off of HCN emission. Quantitative modeling further reveals very different radial abundance profiles for CN and HCN, with best-fit outer cut-off radii of >300 AU and 110 +/- 10 AU, respectively. This result is in agreement with model predictions of efficient HCN photodissociation into CN in the outer-part of the disk where the vertical gas and dust column densities are low. No such difference in CN and HCN emission profiles are observed toward DM Tau, suggestive of different photochemical structures in Herbig Ae and T Tauri disks. We use the HCN isotopologue data toward the MWC 480 disk to provide the first measurement of the N-14/N-15 ratio in a disk. We find a low disk averaged N-14/N-15 ratio of 200 +/- 100, comparable to what is observed in cloud cores and comets, demonstrating interstellar inheritance and/or efficient nitrogen fractionation in this disk. C1 [Guzman, V. V.; Oeberg, K. I.; Loomis, R.; Qi, C.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Guzman, VV (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM vguzman@cfa.harvard.edu NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 1 AR 53 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/1/53 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9HQ UT WOS:000365310200053 ER PT J AU Kim, M Ho, LC Wang, JF Fabbiano, G Bianchi, S Cappi, M Dadina, M Malaguti, G Wang, C AF Kim, Minjin Ho, Luis C. Wang, Junfeng Fabbiano, Giuseppina Bianchi, Stefano Cappi, Massimo Dadina, Mauro Malaguti, Giuseppe Wang, Chen TI AN OFF-NUCLEUS NONSTELLAR BLACK HOLE IN THE SEYFERT GALAXY NGC 5252 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE black hole physics; galaxies: individual (NGC 5252); X-rays: galaxies ID X-RAY SOURCES; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; BL LACERTAE OBJECTS; SPECTRAL ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS; XMM-NEWTON OBSERVATIONS; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI; ESO 243-49; NEARBY GALAXIES; HOST GALAXIES; FUNDAMENTAL PLANE AB We report the discovery of an ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX; CXO J133815.6+043255) in NGC 5252. This ULX is an off-nuclear point. source, which is 22 '' away from the center of NGC 5252, and has an X-ray luminosity of 1.5 x 10(40) erg s(-1). It is one of the rare examples of a ULX, which exhibits clear counterparts in radio, optical, and UV bands. A follow-up optical spectrum of the ULX shows strong emission lines. The redshift of the [O III] emission line coincides with the systematic velocity of NGC 5252, suggesting that the ULX is gravitationally bound to NGC 5252. The flux of [O III] appears to be correlated with both X-ray and radio luminosity in the same manner as ordinary active galactic nuclei (AGNs), indicating that the [O III] emission is intrinsically associated with the ULX. Based on the multiwavelength data, we argue that the ULX is unlikely to be a background AGN. A more likely option is an accreting black hole with a mass of >= 10(4) M-circle dot, which might be a stripped remnant of a merging dwarf galaxy. C1 [Kim, Minjin] Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daejeon 305348, South Korea. [Kim, Minjin] Univ Sci & Technol, Daejeon 305350, South Korea. [Ho, Luis C.] Peking Univ, Kavli Inst Astron & Astrophys, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Ho, Luis C.] Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Astron, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Wang, Junfeng; Wang, Chen] Xiamen Univ, Dept Astron, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Wang, Junfeng; Wang, Chen] Xiamen Univ, Inst Theoret Phys & Astrophys, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Fabbiano, Giuseppina] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bianchi, Stefano] Univ Rome Tre, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, I-00146 Rome, Italy. [Cappi, Massimo; Dadina, Mauro; Malaguti, Giuseppe] INAF IASF Bologna, I-40129 Bologna, Italy. RP Kim, M (reprint author), Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, Daejeon 305348, South Korea. RI Bianchi, Stefano/B-4804-2010; OI Bianchi, Stefano/0000-0002-4622-4240; Fabbiano, Giuseppina/0000-0002-3554-3318 FU Chinese Academy of Science (Emergence of Cosmological Structures) from Strategic Priority Research Program [XDB09030102]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [11473002]; NASA [GO3-14117]; NSFC [11443003, 11473021] FX We are grateful to an anonymous referee for helpful comments. We thank John Mulchaey and Elina Nieppola for useful suggestions and discussion. L.C.H. acknowledges support by the Chinese Academy of Science through grant No. XDB09030102 (Emergence of Cosmological Structures) from the Strategic Priority Research Program and by the National Natural Science Foundation of China through grant No. 11473002. J.W. and G.F. acknowledge NASA grant GO3-14117. J.W. acknowledges support from NSFC grants 11443003 and 11473021. NR 97 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 1 AR 8 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/1/8 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9HQ UT WOS:000365310200008 ER PT J AU Laskar, T Berger, E Margutti, R Perley, D Zauderer, BA Sari, R Fong, WF AF Laskar, Tanmoy Berger, Edo Margutti, Raffaella Perley, Daniel Zauderer, B. Ashley Sari, Re'em Fong, Wen-Fai TI ENERGY INJECTION IN GAMMA-RAY BURST AFTERGLOWS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE gamma-ray burst: general; gamma-ray burst: individual (GRB 100418A, GRB 100901A, GRB 120326A, GRB 120404A) ID RELATIVISTIC BLAST WAVES; SELF-COMPTON EMISSION; BROAD-BAND AFTERGLOW; SWIFT XRT DATA; LIGHT CURVES; SHALLOW-DECAY; TEMPORAL PROPERTIES; PROMPT EMISSION; ENGINE ACTIVITY; REVERSE SHOCK AB We present multi-wavelength observations and modeling of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) that exhibit a simultaneous re-brightening in their X-ray and optical light curves, and are also detected at radio wavelengths. We show that the re-brightening episodes can be modeled by injection of energy into the blastwave and that in all cases the energy injection rate falls within the theoretical bounds expected for a distribution of energy with ejecta Lorentz factor. Our measured values of the circumburst density, jet opening angle, and beaming-corrected kinetic energy are consistent with the distribution of these parameters for long-duration GRBs at both z similar to 1 and z greater than or similar to 6, suggesting that the jet launching mechanism and environment of these events are similar to that of GRBs that do not have bumps in their light curves. However, events exhibiting re-brightening episodes have lower radiative efficiencies than average, suggesting that a majority of the kinetic energy of the outflow is carried by slow-moving ejecta, which is further supported by steep measured distributions of the ejecta energy as a function of Lorentz factor. We do not find evidence for reverse shocks over the energy injection period, implying that the onset of energy injection is a gentle process. We further show that GRBs exhibiting simultaneous X-ray and optical re-brightenings are likely the tail of a distribution of events with varying rates of energy injection, forming the most extreme events in their class. Future X-ray observations of GRB afterglows with Swift and its successors will thus likely discover several more such events, while radio follow-up and multi-wavelength modeling of similar events will unveil the role of energy injection in GRB afterglows. C1 [Laskar, Tanmoy; Berger, Edo; Margutti, Raffaella; Zauderer, B. Ashley] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Perley, Daniel] CALTECH, Dept Astron, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Sari, Re'em] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Racah Inst Phys, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Fong, Wen-Fai] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Laskar, T (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. OI Margutti, Raffaella/0000-0003-4768-7586 FU National Science Foundation [AST-1107973]; Smithsonian Institution; Academia Sinica; NSF [AST-1302954]; Hubble Fellowship grant [HST-HF-51296.01-A]; NASA through JPL/Caltech as part of Spitzer proposal [GO-90082]; state of California; state of Illinois; state of Maryland; James S. McDonnell Foundation; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation; University of Chicago; Associates of the California Institute of Technology FX We thank the anonymous referee for their thoughtful and detailed comments. We thank M. Viero and J. Viera for acquiring the P200 WIRC observations as part of our target-of-opportunity program. Support for CARMA construction was derived from the states of California, Illinois, and Maryland, the James S. McDonnell Foundation, the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the Kenneth T. and Eileen L. Norris Foundation, the University of Chicago, the Associates of the California Institute of Technology, and the National Science Foundation. Ongoing CARMA development and operations are supported by the National Science Foundation under a cooperative agreement, and by the CARMA partner universities. The Submillimeter Array is a joint project between the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics and is funded by the Smithsonian Institution and the Academia Sinica. The National Radio Astronomy Observatory is a facility of the National Science Foundation under cooperative agreement by Associated universities, Inc. The Berger GRB group at Harvard is supported in part by the National Science Foundation under Grant AST-1107973. B.A.Z. acknowledges support from NSF AST-1302954. D.A.P. is supported by Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF-51296.01-A, and by NASA through an award issued by JPL/Caltech as part of Spitzer proposal GO-90082. This research has made use of data obtained through the High Energy Astrophysics Science Archive Research Center Online Service, provided by the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. NR 185 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 1 AR 1 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/1/1 PG 38 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9HQ UT WOS:000365310200001 ER PT J AU Sharon, K Gladders, MD Marrone, DP Hoekstra, H Rasia, E Bourdin, H Gifford, D Hicks, AK Greer, C Mroczkowski, T Barrientos, LF Bayliss, M Carlstrom, JE Gilbank, DG Gralla, M Hlavacek-Larrondo, J Leitch, E Mazzotta, P Miller, C Muchovej, SJC Schrabback, T Yee, HKC AF Sharon, K. Gladders, M. D. Marrone, D. P. Hoekstra, H. Rasia, E. Bourdin, H. Gifford, D. Hicks, A. K. Greer, C. Mroczkowski, T. Barrientos, L. F. Bayliss, M. Carlstrom, J. E. Gilbank, D. G. Gralla, M. Hlavacek-Larrondo, J. Leitch, E. Mazzotta, P. Miller, C. Muchovej, S. J. C. Schrabback, T. Yee, H. K. C. CA RCS-Team TI A MULTI-WAVELENGTH MASS ANALYSIS OF RCS2 J232727.6-020437, A similar to 3 x 10(15) M-circle dot GALAXY CLUSTER AT z=0.7 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE galaxies: clusters: individual (RCS2 J232727.6-020437) ID SOUTH-POLE TELESCOPE; WEAK-LENSING MASSES; SUNYAEV-ZELDOVICH ARRAY; RAY-SELECTED CLUSTERS; IRAC SHALLOW SURVEY; DIGITAL SKY SURVEY; DARK-MATTER HALOS; RED-SEQUENCE; SCALING RELATIONS; XMM-NEWTON AB We present an initial study of the mass and evolutionary state of a massive and distant cluster, RCS2 J232727.6-020437. This cluster, at z = 0.6986, is the richest cluster discovered in the RCS2 project. The mass measurements presented in this paper are derived from all possible mass proxies: X-ray measurements, weak-lensing shear, strong lensing, Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect decrement, the velocity distribution of cluster member galaxies, and galaxy richness. While each of these observables probe the mass of the cluster at a different radius, they all indicate that RCS2. J232727.6-020437. is among the most massive clusters at this redshift, with an estimated mass of M-200 similar to 3 x 10(15)h(70)(-1) M-circle dot. In this paper, we demonstrate that the various observables are all reasonably consistent with each other to within their uncertainties. RCS2. J232727.6-020437 appears to be well relaxed-with circular and concentric X-ray isophotes, with a cool core, and no indication of significant substructure in extensive galaxy velocity data. C1 [Sharon, K.; Gifford, D.; Miller, C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Gladders, M. D.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Leitch, E.] Univ Chicago, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Gladders, M. D.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Leitch, E.] Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Marrone, D. P.; Greer, C.] Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hoekstra, H.] Leiden Univ, Leiden Observ, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Rasia, E.] Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Rasia, E.] INAF Osservatorio Astronom Trieste, I-34121 Trieste, Italy. [Bourdin, H.; Mazzotta, P.] Univ Roma Tor Vergata, Dipartimento Fis, I-00133 Rome, Italy. [Hicks, A. K.] Sustainable Engn Grp, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Mroczkowski, T.] US Naval Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Barrientos, L. F.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Santiago 22, Chile. [Bayliss, M.] Harvard Univ, Dept Phys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Bayliss, M.; Gralla, M.] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Gilbank, D. G.] S African Astron Observ, ZA-7935 Observatory, South Africa. [Gralla, M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Hlavacek-Larrondo, J.] Univ Montreal, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Muchovej, S. J. C.] CALTECH, Owens Valley Radio Observ, Big Pine, CA 93513 USA. [Schrabback, T.] Univ Bonn, Argelander Inst Astron, D-53121 Bonn, Germany. [Yee, H. K. C.] Univ Toronto, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada. RP Sharon, K (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, 1085 S Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RI Mazzotta, Pasquale/B-1225-2016 OI Mazzotta, Pasquale/0000-0002-5411-1748 FU NASA through Space Telescope Science Institute [GO-10846]; NASA [NAS5-26555]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra award by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center [GO2-13158X]; National Aeronautics Space Administration [NAS8-03060]; NSF [AST-1140019]; National Science Foundation (under NASA) [NAS8-03060, AST-1210973, SAO TM3-14008X]; proyecto FONDECYT [1120676]; Centro BASAL CATA; FP7-PEOPLE-IIF [PIIF-GA-2013-627474] FX We wish to thank the anonymous referee for a constructive review that improved the quality of this manuscript. Support for program number GO-10846 was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Support for this work was provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration through Chandra award GO2-13158X issued by the Chandra X-ray Observatory Center, which is operated by the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory for and on behalf of the National Aeronautics Space Administration under contract NAS8-03060. Based on observations obtained at the Gemini Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under a cooperative agreement with the NSF on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (United States), the National Research Council (Canada), CONICYT (Chile), the Australian Research Council (Australia), Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao (Brazil) and Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva (Argentina). Based on observations obtained with MegaPrime/MegaCam, a joint project of CFHT and CEA/DAPNIA, at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT) which is operated by the National Research Council (NRC) of Canada, the Institute National des Sciences de l'Univers of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique of France, and the University of Hawaii. We also present observation taken at the Magellan telescopes at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile, using LDSS-3 and GISMO. CARMA/SZA operations and science support is provided by the National Science Foundation under a cooperative agreement and by the CARMA partner universities; the CARMA/SZA work presented here was supported by NSF grant AST-1140019 to the University of Chicago. E.R. acknowledges support from the National Science Foundation AST-1210973, SAO TM3-14008X (issued under NASA Contract No. NAS8-03060). L.F.B.'s research is funded by proyecto FONDECYT 1120676 and Centro BASAL CATA. E.R. acknowledges support from FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF under Grant Agreement PIIF-GA-2013-627474. NR 128 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X EI 1538-4357 J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD NOV 20 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 1 AR 21 DI 10.1088/0004-637X/814/1/21 PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW9HQ UT WOS:000365310200021 ER PT J AU Christian, P Loeb, A AF Christian, Pierre Loeb, Abraham TI MAPPING THE DYNAMICS OF COLD GAS AROUND SGR A* THROUGH 21 cm ABSORPTION SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE black hole physics; Galaxy: center ID ACCRETION DISK AB The presence of a circumnuclear stellar disk around Sgr A* and megamaser systems near other black holes indicates that dense neutral disks can be found in galactic nuclei. We show that depending on their inclination angle, optical depth, and spin temperature, these disks could be observed spectroscopically through 21 cm absorption. Related spectroscopic observations of Sgr A* can determine its HI disk parameters and the possible presence of gaps in the disk. Clumps of dense gas similar to the G2 could could also be detected in 21 cm absorption against Sgr A* radio emission. C1 [Christian, Pierre; Loeb, Abraham] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Christian, P (reprint author), Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM pchristian@cfa.harvard.edu FU NSF [AST-1312034] FX The authors would like to thank Mark Reid and Jim Moran for comments on the manuscript. This work was supported in part by NSF grant AST-1312034. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD NOV 20 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 1 AR L4 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/814/1/L4 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW5KX UT WOS:000365035400004 ER PT J AU Marengo, M Hulsebus, A Willis, S AF Marengo, Massimo Hulsebus, Alan Willis, Sarah TI KIC 8462852: THE INFRARED FLUX SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS LA English DT Article DE infrared: stars; stars: individual (KIC 8462852) ID SPITZER-SPACE-TELESCOPE; ABSOLUTE CALIBRATION; ARRAY CAMERA; MISSION; 2MASS AB We analyzed the warm Spitzer/IRAC data of KIC 8462852. We found no evidence of infrared excess at 3.6 mu m and a small excess of 0.43 +/- 0.18 mJy at 4.5 mu m below the 3 sigma threshold necessary to claim a detection. The lack of strong infrared excess 2 years after the events responsible for the unusual light curve observed by Kepler further disfavors the scenarios involving a catastrophic collision in a KIC 8462852 asteroid belt, a giant impact disrupting a planet in the system or a population of dust-enshrouded planetesimals. The scenario invoking the fragmentation of a family of comets on a highly elliptical orbit is instead consistent with the lack of strong infrared excess found by our analysis. C1 [Marengo, Massimo; Hulsebus, Alan] Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Willis, Sarah] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Marengo, M (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 2041-8205 EI 2041-8213 J9 ASTROPHYS J LETT JI Astrophys. J. Lett. PD NOV 20 PY 2015 VL 814 IS 1 AR L15 DI 10.1088/2041-8205/814/1/L15 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CW5KX UT WOS:000365035400015 ER EF