FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Postman, J Volk, G Aldwinckle, H AF Postman, Joseph Volk, Gayle Aldwinckle, Herb TI Standardized Plant Disease Evaluations Will Enhance Resistance Gene Discovery SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 106th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Horticultural-Science CY JUL 25-28, 2009 CL St Louis, MO SP Amer Soc Hort Sci DE Pyrus; Malta; Cydonia; phenotype; database; GRIN; Erwinia; Venturia ID GERMPLASM COLLECTION; SCAB RESISTANCE; APPLE; PYRUS AB Gene discovery and marker development using DNA-based tools require plant populations with well-documented phenotypes. If dissimilar phenotype evaluation methods or data scoring techniques are used with different crops, or at different laboratories for the same crops, then data mining for genetic marker correlations is challenging. For example, apples and pears may share many of the same disease resistance genes. Fire blight resistance evaluations for apples often use a scale of I to 5 and pear evaluations use a scale of 1 to 9. In some reports, a low number means low susceptibility and in other reports, a low number means low resistance. Other disease evaluations rate resistance as greater than or less than a well-documented standard cultivar. Environment, pathogen isolate, and whether disease ratings are the result of natural infection or artificial inoculation also have a strong impact on disease resistance ratings. Before a wider set of disease resistance phenotype data can be correlated with genetic data, rating scales must be standardized and the evaluation environment must be taken into account. Standardizing the recording of disease resistance data in plant phenotype databases will improve the ability to correlate these data with genomic data. C1 [Postman, Joseph] USDA ARS Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Volk, Gayle] USDA ARS Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Aldwinckle, Herb] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Postman, J (reprint author), USDA ARS Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM joseph.postman@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2010 VL 45 IS 9 BP 1317 EP 1320 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 650EF UT WOS:000281831300005 ER PT J AU Nishijima, KA Wall, MM Fitch, MM Sugiyama, LS Keith, RC Nishijima, WT AF Nishijima, Kate A. Wall, Marisa M. Fitch, Maureen M. Sugiyama, Lionel S. Keith, Ronald C. Nishijima, Wayne T. TI Evaluating Hawaii-grown Papaya for Resistance to Internal Yellowing Disease Caused by Enterobacter cloacae SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE colorimetry; cross-domain pathogen; food safety; hue color ID PIGMENTED ONION; FRUIT-FLIES; BACTERIAL; MICROORGANISMS; ASSOCIATION; TEPHRITIDAE; PATHOGENS; CULTIVARS; DIPTERA; SCALES AB Papaya (Carica papaya L.) cultivars and breeding lines were evaluated for resistance to Enterobacter cloacae (Jordan) Hormaeche & Edwards, the bacterial causal agent of internal yellowing disease (IY), using a range of concentrations of the bacterium. Linear regression analysis was performed and IY incidence was positively correlated with increasing inoculum concentrations for susceptible cultivars Kapoho Solo and Laie Gold but not for resistant cultivars or lines. It was determined that the inoculum concentration of 9 to 10 Log(10) colony-forming units per milliliter (cfu/mL) was able to reliably differentiate resistant and susceptible papaya germplasm. Red-fleshed cultivars SunUp and Sunrise were the most resistant papaya groups evaluated at this dose concentration. Yellow-fleshed cultivars, Kapoho Solo and Laic Gold, were susceptible to E. cloacae. 'Rainbow', an F(1) hybrid between `SunUp' and 'Kapoho Solo' that is yellow-fleshed, was moderately resistant to E. cloacae, exhibiting limited symptoms of the disease. Yellow-fleshed I-Rb F(5)/F(6), an advanced inbred line derived from 'Rainbow', is resistant and offers the potential of improving resistance of yellow-fleshed commercial cultivars. A colorimeter was used to objectively measure internal flesh color and distinguish between infected and non-infected tissue in red- and yellow-fleshed papayas using L*C*H* color space analysis. Symptomatic tissue (72.4 and 79.0 degrees) had higher hue angle means than non-symptomatic tissue (62.8 and 75.0 degrees) for all cultivars or lines in red- and yellow-fleshed papayas, respectively. Yellow ("Y") hue color also distinguished infected tissue from non-infected tissue. Symptomatic tissue that had Y hue color resulted in 79 to 81 hue angle means among red- or yellow-fleshed papayas. Our results demonstrated the usefulness of colorimetry to help detect infected papaya tissue. In surveys of naturally infected papaya, high populations (8.57 x 10(7) cfu/g) of E. cloacae were recovered in infected fruit of 'Kapoho Solo' and represent a food safety concern for fresh and processed papaya. In isolations from inoculated fruits, we observed decreases of approximate to 1 to 2 Log(10) cfu/g in final bacterial populations when high-dose range inoculum concentrations (9 to 12 Log(10) cfu/mL) were used. This dose range may represent a saturation range for E. cloacae inoculation. C1 [Nishijima, Kate A.; Wall, Marisa M.; Fitch, Maureen M.] ARS, USDA, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr PBARC, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Sugiyama, Lionel S.; Keith, Ronald C.; Nishijima, Wayne T.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Trop Agr & Human Resources, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Nishijima, KA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr PBARC, POB 4459, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM kate.nishijima@ars.usda.gov FU USDA FX This research was funded in part by the USDA Special Grants Program for Tropical and Subtropical Agriculture Research. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2010 VL 45 IS 9 BP 1357 EP 1364 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 650EF UT WOS:000281831300013 ER PT J AU Bi, GH Evans, WB Spiers, JM Witcher, AL AF Bi, Guihong Evans, William B. Spiers, James M. Witcher, Anthony L. TI Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Marigold Growth and Flowering SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE natural fertilizer; organic fertilizer; conventional fertilizer; broiler litter; nitrogen; Tagetes patula ID MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; BROILER LITTER; SOIL QUALITY; NITROGEN; SUBSTRATE; TEMPERATURES; COMPOSTS; L. AB Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the growth and flowering responses of greenhouse-grown French marigold (Tagetes patula L. 'Janie Deep Orange') to two non-composted broiler chicken litter-based organic fertilizers, 4-2-2 and 3-3-3, and one commonly used synthetic controlled-release fertilizer, 14-14-14. In both experiments, fertilizer 4-2-2 was applied at four rates of 1%, 2%, 4%, and 6% (by volume); 3-3-3 was applied at four rates of 1.34%, 2.67%, 5.34%, and 8.0% (by volume); and 14-14-14 was applied at rates of 0.99, 1.98, 3.96, and 5.94 kg.m(-3). In general, substrate containing different rates and types of fertilizers had a pH within the recommended range of 5.0 to 6.5. Electrical conductivity (EC) was similar among substrates containing different rates of 14-14-14; however, EC increased with increasing fertilizer rate for substrates containing 4-2-2 and 3-3-3. Substrate EC within each treatment was generally higher earlier in the experiment. For the fertilizer rates used in these two experiments, increasing 14-14-14 fertilizer rate increased plant growth and flowering performance. However, low to intermediate rates of 4-2-2 and 3-3-3 in general produced the highest plant growth index, shoot dry weight, number of flowers per plant, total flower dry weight, and root rating. Plants grown at high rates of 4-2-2 and 3-3-3 showed symptoms associated with excessive fertilization. Plant tissue nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) concentrations increased linearly or quadratically with increasing fertilizer rates for all three fertilizers. In general, plants receiving 4-2-2 and 3-3-3 had higher concentrations of N, P, and K than plants receiving 14-14-14. Results from this study indicated that broiler litter-based 4-2-2 and 3-3-3 have the potential to be used as organic fertilizer sources for container production of marigolds in greenhouses. However, growers need to be cautious with the rate applied. Because different crops may respond differently to these natural fertilizers, it is important for growers to test any new fertilizers before incorporating them into their production practices. C1 [Bi, Guihong; Evans, William B.] Mississippi State Univ, Truck Crops Branch Expt Stn, Crystal Springs, MS 39059 USA. [Spiers, James M.; Witcher, Anthony L.] USDA ARS, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Bi, GH (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Truck Crops Branch Expt Stn, 2024 Expt Stn Rd, Crystal Springs, MS 39059 USA. EM gb250@msstate.edu FU Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station Special Research Initiative FX This work was funded by the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station Special Research Initiative. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2010 VL 45 IS 9 BP 1373 EP 1377 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 650EF UT WOS:000281831300016 ER PT J AU Pooler, MR AF Pooler, Margaret R. TI 'Cree' and 'Nantucket' Viburnums SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Adoxaceae; ornamental plant breeding; plant introduction C1 ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Pooler, MR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 010A, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Margaret.Pooler@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2010 VL 45 IS 9 BP 1384 EP 1385 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 650EF UT WOS:000281831300018 ER PT J AU Thompson, TE Grauke, LJ AF Thompson, Tommy E. Grauke, L. J. TI 'Apalachee' Pecan SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Carya illinoinensis; cultivar; variety; breeding C1 [Thompson, Tommy E.; Grauke, L. J.] ARS, Pecan Genet & Breeding Program, USDA, Somerville, TX 77879 USA. RP Thompson, TE (reprint author), ARS, Pecan Genet & Breeding Program, USDA, 10200 FM50, Somerville, TX 77879 USA. EM tommy.thompson@ars.usda.gov NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2010 VL 45 IS 9 BP 1386 EP 1387 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 650EF UT WOS:000281831300019 ER PT J AU Thompson, TE Grauke, LJ AF Thompson, Tommy E. Grauke, L. J. TI 'Mandan' Pecan SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE Carya illinoinensis; cultivar; breeding; genetics C1 [Thompson, Tommy E.; Grauke, L. J.] ARS, Pecan Genet & Breeding Program, USDA, Somerville, TX 77879 USA. RP Thompson, TE (reprint author), ARS, Pecan Genet & Breeding Program, USDA, 10200 FM50, Somerville, TX 77879 USA. EM tommy.thompson@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2010 VL 45 IS 9 BP 1392 EP 1393 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 650EF UT WOS:000281831300021 ER PT J AU Karimi, R Ershadi, A Vahdati, K Woeste, K AF Karimi, Rohollah Ershadi, Ahmad Vahdati, Kourosh Woeste, Keith TI Molecular Characterization of Persian Walnut Populations in Iran with Microsatellite Markers SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Juglans regia; simple sequence repeat (SSR); genetic diversity ID REGIA L. GENOTYPES; GENETIC DIVERSITY; JUGLANDACEAE AB The genetic structure and diversity of natural populations of Juglans regia L. in Iran were characterized using 11 microsatellite loci. A total of 105 individuals from seven populations were sampled. A high level of genetic diversity was observed within populations with the number of alleles per locus (A) ranging from three to 11 (average = 5.73), the proportion of polymorphic loci was 100%, and the expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.598 to 0.848 (average = 0.707). The proportion of genetic differentiation present among populations accounted for 12% of the total variation. Such considerable interpopulation differentiation detected in J. regia L. could have resulted from several factors, including restricted gene flow between populations. Significant departures from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were observed for WGA276, WGA32, and WGA321 loci. The deviations were primarily the result of the surplus of heterozygotes. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean cluster analyses based on Nei's unbiased genetic distances separated the seven populations into two main groups. C1 [Karimi, Rohollah; Ershadi, Ahmad] Bu Ali Sina Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Hort, Hamadan, Iran. [Vahdati, Kourosh] Univ Tehran, Coll Abouraihan, Dept Hort, Tehran, Iran. [Woeste, Keith] Purdue Univ, USDA, US Forest Serv, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr,Dept Fo, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Ershadi, A (reprint author), Bu Ali Sina Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Hort, Hamadan, Iran. EM Ershadi@basu.ac.ir NR 25 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2010 VL 45 IS 9 BP 1403 EP 1406 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 650EF UT WOS:000281831300024 ER PT J AU Meurs, KM Mauceli, E Lahmers, S Acland, GM White, SN Lindblad-Toh, K AF Meurs, Kathryn M. Mauceli, Evan Lahmers, Sunshine Acland, Gregory M. White, Stephen N. Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin TI Genome-wide association identifies a deletion in the 3' untranslated region of Striatin in a canine model of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy SO HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID DISEASE-ASSOCIATED VARIANTS; CALMODULIN-BINDING PROTEIN; SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; BOXER DOGS; DYSPLASIA/CARDIOMYOPATHY; GENE; MUTATIONS; FAMILY AB Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a familial cardiac disease characterized by ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. It is most frequently inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with incomplete and age-related penetrance and variable clinical expression. The human disease is most commonly associated with a causative mutation in one of several genes encoding desmosomal proteins. We have previously described a spontaneous canine model of ARVC in the boxer dog. We phenotyped adult boxer dogs for ARVC by performing physical examination, echocardiogram and ambulatory electrocardiogram. Genome-wide association using the canine 50k SNP array identified several regions of association, of which the strongest resided on chromosome 17. Fine mapping and direct DNA sequencing identified an 8-bp deletion in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of the Striatin gene on chromosome 17 in association with ARVC in the boxer dog. Evaluation of the secondary structure of the 3' UTR demonstrated that the deletion affects a stem loop structure of the mRNA and expression analysis identified a reduction in Striatin mRNA. Dogs that were homozygous for the deletion had a more severe form of disease based on a significantly higher number of ventricular premature complexes. Immunofluorescence studies localized Striatin to the intercalated disc region of the cardiac myocyte and co-localized it to three desmosomal proteins, Plakophilin-2, Plakoglobin and Desmoplakin, all involved in the pathogenesis of ARVC in human beings. We suggest that Striatin may serve as a novel candidate gene for human ARVC. C1 [Meurs, Kathryn M.; White, Stephen N.] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Mauceli, Evan; Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA. [Acland, Gregory M.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Baker Inst Anim Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin] Uppsala Univ, Uppsala, Sweden. RP Meurs, KM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM meurs@vetmed.wsu.edu OI White, Stephen N./0000-0001-9255-6054 FU NEI NIH HHS [R01 EY006855, R01 EY006855-25]; NHLBI NIH HHS [K08 HL003236, K08 HL003236-06]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R24 GM082910, R24 GM082910-04] NR 31 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-6717 J9 HUM GENET JI Hum. Genet. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 128 IS 3 BP 315 EP 324 DI 10.1007/s00439-010-0855-y PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 638UP UT WOS:000280922800008 PM 20596727 ER PT J AU Eitam, A Blaustein, L AF Eitam, Avi Blaustein, Leon TI Effects of predator density and duration of predator occupancy on crustacean abundance and diversity in experimental pools SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Keystone predation; Intermediate disturbance hypothesis; Notonectidae; Predator-mediated coexistence; Species diversity ID OVIPOSITION HABITAT SELECTION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; TEMPORARY POOLS; NOTONECTA-MACULATA; FOOD WEBS; BACKSWIMMER NOTONECTA; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; ZOOPLANKTON; COMPETITION; PONDS AB Keystone predators, by reducing the abundance of competitively superior prey, may have indirect positive effects on weak competitors, possibly increasing their abundance or preventing local competitive exclusion. By analogy to the Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis, we would expect species diversity to peak at intermediate predator densities. In a replicated artificial pool experiment, we examined the relationships between density of the backswimmer Notonecta maculata (0, 1, 2, and 4 per 30 l pool) and invertebrate taxon diversity over an 11-week period of predator occupancy. Diversity reached high levels at high predator density sooner than at intermediate density. At the end of the experiment, taxon diversity was greatest at densities of 2 and 4 Notonecta per pool. While the overall predator density-diversity curve was in line with the intermediate disturbance hypothesis, the reduction in diversity from intermediate to high predator density was not statistically significant. Density of the preferred prey Daphnia magna decreased with Notonecta density, while densities of the smaller cladocerans Moina brachiata and Ceriodaphnia spp. increased. Suppression of Daphnia at high Notonecta densities may partially explain the increase in Moina and Ceriodaphnia densities. However, most of the relationship between Notonecta and the smaller cladocerans appears to be independent of Daphnia, suggesting complex interactions within the community. Our results suggest that keystone predation plays a strong role in structuring this community. Although diversity did not decrease significantly at the highest predator density as predicted, such a decrease may be more likely for pools with longer durations of predator occupancy or with higher predator densities. C1 [Eitam, Avi; Blaustein, Leon] Univ Haifa, Inst Evolut, Community Ecol Lab, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel. [Eitam, Avi; Blaustein, Leon] Univ Haifa, Fac Sci, Dept Evolutionary & Environm Biol, IL-31905 Haifa, Israel. RP Eitam, A (reprint author), USDA APHIS PPQ, 8995 E Main St,Bromfield Bldg,Suite 202, Reynoldsburg, OH 43147 USA. EM eitam@yahoo.com FU Vataat Postdoctoral Fellowship; US-Israel Binational Science Foundation [98-390] FX We thank Jamie Kneitel, two anonymous reviewers and the subject editor for critical comments on the manuscript, Jonathan Chase, Moshe Kiflawi, and Marc Mangel for fruitful discussion, Julia Vider for statistical consultation, and Kay Van Damme and Koen Martens for taxonomic assistance. This study was supported by a Vataat Postdoctoral Fellowship awarded to Avi Eitam, and US-Israel Binational Science Foundation grant 98-390 awarded to Leon Blaustein and Marc Mangel. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD SEP PY 2010 VL 652 IS 1 BP 269 EP 276 DI 10.1007/s10750-010-0357-x PG 8 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 628BA UT WOS:000280087900023 ER PT J AU Liang, SL Kustas, W Schaepman-Strub, G Li, XW AF Liang, Shunlin Kustas, William Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela Li, Xiaowen TI Impacts of Climate Change and Land Use Changes on Land Surface Radiation and Energy Budgets SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Radiation budget; energy budget; land use; climate change; remote sensing ID SCALE DEFORESTATION; CARBON SINK; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; FEEDBACK; ALBEDO AB Land surface radiation and energy budgets are critical to address a variety of scientific and application issues related to climate trends, weather predictions, hydrologic and biogeophysical modeling, and the monitoring of ecosystem health and agricultural crops. This is an introductory paper to the special issue of land surface radiation and energy budgets from an international conference on this subject. The temporal trends of these components are first discussed in the context of climate change and human induced land use changes. After a brief introduction to the conference, results from each paper of this special issue are summarized. C1 [Liang, Shunlin] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Liang, Shunlin] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Kustas, William] USDA ARS, Remote Sensing & Hydrol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela] Univ Zurich, Inst Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Li, Xiaowen] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Geog & Remote Sensing, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Li, Xiaowen] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Li, Xiaowen] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. RP Liang, SL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM sliang@umd.edu RI Schaepman-Strub, Gabriela/D-8785-2011; liang, shunlin/C-2809-2015 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNG05GD10G] FX We would like to thank the meeting sponsors for financial assistance, the participants for their contributions to this successful meeting, Dr. Carol Russell for editing the manuscript, and Dr. Ellsworth LeDrew for his great help in publishing this special issue. The special sessions and town hall meeting on land surface albedo were organized by the surface radiation focus area of CEOS/WGCV/LPV (Committee on Earth Observation Satellites, Working Group on Calibration and Validation, Land Product Validation Subgroup). This work was supported in part by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant NNG05GD10G for SL. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 19 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1939-1404 EI 2151-1535 J9 IEEE J-STARS JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 3 IS 3 BP 219 EP 224 DI 10.1109/JSTARS.2010.2053570 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 667KE UT WOS:000283191200001 ER PT J AU Vaughn, SF Deppe, NA Berhow, MA Evangelista, RL AF Vaughn, Steven F. Deppe, Nathan A. Berhow, Mark A. Evangelista, Roque L. TI Lesquerella press cake as an organic fertilizer for greenhouse tomatoes SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Container production; Cottonseed meal; Oilseed crop; Potting medium ID TRANSPLANT PRODUCTION; MEDIUM COMPONENT; COMPOSTS; WASTES; CONTAINER; NITROGEN; GROWTH; YIELD AB Lesquerella press cake is a co-product generated during the processing of the new oilseed crop lesquerella [Lesquerella fendleri (A. Gray) S. Wats]. Developing commercial uses for the press cake would increase the profitability of growing lesquerella. The press cake contains levels of nutrients which should make it an excellent organic fertilizer for container-grown plants. Tomato (Solarium lycopersicum L 'Red Robin') plants were grown in potting mix supplemented with a standard chemical fertilizer mix or either lesquerella press cake or cottonseed meal at rates of 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0% (w/w). Both of the organic fertilizers had only minor effects on the physical properties (bulk density, total porosity percentage, total solids percentage, pH. EC) of the potting mixes with increasing rates, although there was substantially less shrinkage of media amended with 5 and 10% press cake than with the same rates of cottonseed meal. At rates of 10.0% for press cake and 5.0% for cottonseed meal (which supplied similar substrate nitrogen levels), plant heights, total tomato yield per plant and number of fruit per plant were equal to that of the chemically fertilized control. There were no differences among treatments for average fruit weight. Chlorophyll content was generally similar among the treatments during the course of the experiments, with a trend towards lower values for the 2.5% rates of press cake and cottonseed meal near the conclusion of the experiments. From these results it appears that lesquerella press cake may be a useful organic fertilizer for container-grown tomatoes. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Vaughn, Steven F.; Deppe, Nathan A.; Berhow, Mark A.; Evangelista, Roque L.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Vaughn, SF (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Steven.Vaughn@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 32 IS 2 BP 164 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2010.04.008 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 616KF UT WOS:000279207500014 ER PT J AU Luo, X Gleisner, R Tian, S Negron, J Zhu, W Horn, E Pan, XJ Zhu, JY AF Luo, X. Gleisner, R. Tian, S. Negron, J. Zhu, W. Horn, E. Pan, X. J. Zhu, J. Y. TI Evaluation of Mountain Beetle-Infested Lodgepole Pine for Cellulosic Ethanol Production by Sulfite Pretreatment to Overcome Recalcitrance of Lignocellulose SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION; ORGANOSOLV PROCESS; ENERGY; SPORL AB The potentials of deteriorated mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae)-killed lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) trees for cellulosic ethanol production were evaluated using the sulfite pretreatment to overcome recalcitrance of lignocellulose (SPORL) process. The trees were harvested from two sites in the United States Arapaho-Roosevelt National Forest, Colorado. The infestation age of the trees varied from zero to about 8 years. Mild (170 degrees C) and harsh (180 degrees C) SPORL pretreatments were conducted. The chemical charges were sulfuric acid of 2.21% and sodium bisulfite of 8% on oven dry wood for the harsh and half of those for the mild pretreatment. The results suggest that beetle-caused mortality enriched glucan content by as much as 3 percentage points (or 7.5%) in wood. The glucan enrichment seems to increase with infestation age. The enriched glucan can be captured after SPORL pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. The killed trees are more susceptible to SPORL pretreatment, which enhanced substrate enzymatic digestibility (SED). Enzymatic hydrolysis glucose yields (EHGY) from killed trees were about 5-20% higher than those from their corresponding live trees. Total fermentable sugar productions from dead trees (including a tree laying on the ground) were 4-14% higher than corresponding production from live trees, depending on pretreatment conditions and infestation age. An ethanol yield of 267 L/metric ton of wood or 69% theoretical value was achieved from a tree infested 4 years, 7% higher than the 250 L/metric ton of wood from the corresponding live tree. The results also demonstrated the robustness of SPORL pretreatment for lodgepole pine. C1 [Luo, X.; Gleisner, R.; Tian, S.; Zhu, J. Y.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Luo, X.; Zhu, W.] S China Univ Technol, State Key Lab Pulp & Paper Engn, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Tian, S.] Capital Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Negron, J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Horn, E.] BioPulping Int Inc, Madison, WI USA. [Luo, X.; Pan, X. J.; Zhu, J. Y.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI USA. RP Zhu, JY (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us FU USDA Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) [2009-33610-19644]; U.S. Forest Service; Ministry of Science and Technology of China; Chinese Scholarship Council FX This work is sponsored by a USDA Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Phase I project (Contract No.: 2009-33610-19644) to Biopulping International and the U.S. Forest Service through the Program of Woody Biomass, Bioenergy, and Bioproducts (WBBB, 2009). We are particularly indebted to David Hattis of Colorado Front Range of U.S. Arapaho-Roosevelt National Forest and John Popp of Rocky Mountain Research Station (both U.S. Forest Service) for helping us harvest the trees for the study. We also appreciate Fred Matt and Diane Dietrich (both of the Forest Products Laboratory) for tarrying out many careful analyses of carbohydrate of solids substrates and ethanol in SSF samples, respectively, and John Considine for conducting ANOVA analysis of carbohydrates. The U.S. Forest Service WBBB Program provided financial support to X. Lou. This program together with the Ministry of Science and Technology of China and the Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC) provided financial support to S. Tian and W. Zhu. These supports made it possible for the visiting appointments of Luo, Tian, and Zhu (W) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and US Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. NR 17 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 49 IS 17 BP 8258 EP 8266 DI 10.1021/ie1003202 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 641EO UT WOS:000281107800056 ER PT J AU Zhang, YH Lian, FZ Zhu, YN Xia, M Wang, Q Ling, WH Wang, XD AF Zhang, Yinghui Lian, Fuzhi Zhu, Yanna Xia, Min Wang, Qing Ling, Wenhua Wang, Xiang-Dong TI Cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucoside inhibits LPS-induced expression of inflammatory mediators through decreasing I kappa B alpha phosphorylation in THP-1 cells SO INFLAMMATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucoside; Inflammation; I kappa B alpha; IL-6; TNF alpha ID CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; TNF-ALPHA; ACTIVATION; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; OBESITY; VIVO; TRANSCRIPTION; MACROPHAGES; GENE AB As a common phytochemical, cyanidin 3-O-beta-glucoside (C3G) has a role in inhibiting inflammatory mediators; however, its mechanism of action remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of C3G on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated TNF alpha and IL-6 expression in the human monocyte/macrophage cell line THP-1, and to explore the mechanisms involved. Differentiated THP-1 cells were treated with different concentrations of C3G (0.005, 0.05, 0.5,10 mu M) in the absence or presence of 1 ng/mL LPS. mRNA expression levels were detected by real time PCR, and secretion of TNF alpha and IL-6, phosphorylated I kappa B alpha, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) P65 were monitored by ELISA or Western blotting analysis. The role of an inhibitor of I kappa B alpha phosphorylation, BAY 11-7082, in C3G inhibition of LPS-induced cytokines expression was investigated. C3G (0.05-0.5 mu M) treatment significantly inhibited LPS-stimulated TNF alpha and IL-6 mRNA expression and secretion of these proteins by THP-1 cells. Phosphorylation of I kappa B alpha and NF-kappa B nuclear translocation could be blocked by 0.5 mu M C3G. BAY 11-7082 treatment abolished C3G-induced reduction of TNF alpha and IL-6. Our results suggest that C3G exerts its anti-inflammatory effect through inhibiting I kappa B alpha phosphorylation, thereby suppressing NF-kappa B activity in THP-1 cells. C1 [Zhang, Yinghui; Zhu, Yanna; Xia, Min; Wang, Qing; Ling, Wenhua] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Nutr, Sch Publ Hlth, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Lian, Fuzhi; Wang, Xiang-Dong] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Ling, WH (reprint author), Sun Yat Sen Univ, Dept Nutr, Sch Publ Hlth, Northern Campus,74 Zhongshan Rd 2, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, Peoples R China. EM lingwh@mail.sysu.edu.cn; xiang-dong.wang@tufts.edu RI Lian, Fuzhi/F-9083-2015 OI Lian, Fuzhi/0000-0002-0733-579X FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30730079]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [1950-51000-064] FX The authors thank Drs. Dayong Wu and Fu Shang in Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, USA for technical advice. This work was a joint research training program supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30730079), and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (Grant No. 1950-51000-064). NR 42 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 18 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 1023-3830 J9 INFLAMM RES JI Inflamm. Res. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 59 IS 9 BP 723 EP 730 DI 10.1007/s00011-010-0183-7 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA 636JJ UT WOS:000280728100005 PM 20309718 ER PT J AU Slomka, MJ Densham, ALE Coward, VJ Essen, S Brookes, SM Irvine, RM Spackman, E Ridgeon, J Gardner, R Hanna, A Suarez, DL Brown, IH AF Slomka, Marek J. Densham, Anstice L. E. Coward, Vivien J. Essen, Steve Brookes, Sharon M. Irvine, Richard M. Spackman, Erica Ridgeon, Jonathan Gardner, Rebecca Hanna, Amanda Suarez, David L. Brown, Ian H. TI Real time reverse transcription (RRT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods for detection of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus and European swine influenza A virus infections in pigs SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE H1N1v; Pandemic H1N1 2009 virus; RRT PCR; swine influenza virus (SIV); validation ID INTERSPECIES TRANSMISSION; EMERGENCE; HEMAGGLUTININ; REASSORTMENT; TURKEYS; HUMANS; H5 AB Background There is a requirement to detect and differentiate pandemic (H1N1) 2009 (H1N1v) and established swine influenza A viruses (SIVs) by real time reverse transcription (RRT) PCR methods. Objectives First, modify an existing matrix (M) gene RRT PCR for sensitive generic detection of H1N1v and other European SIVs. Second, design an H1 RRT PCR to specifically detect H1N1v infections. Methods RRT PCR assays were used to test laboratory isolates of SIV (n = 51; 37 European and 14 North American), H1N1v (n = 5) and avian influenza virus (AIV; n = 43). Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were calculated for swabs (n = 133) and tissues (n = 116) collected from field cases and pigs infected experimentally with SIVs and H1N1v. Results The "perfect match" M gene RRT PCR was the most sensitive variant of this test for detection of established European SIVs and H1N1v. H1 RRT PCR specifically detected H1N1v but not European SIVs. Validation with clinical specimens included comparison with virus isolation (VI) as a "gold standard", while field infection with H1N1v in swine was independently confirmed by sequencing H1N1v amplified by conventional RT PCR. "Perfect match" M gene RRT PCR had 100% sensitivity and 95 center dot 2% specificity for swabs, 93 center dot 6% and 98 center dot 6% for tissues. H1 RRT PCR demonstrated sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 99 center dot 1%, respectively, for the swabs, and 100% and 100% for the tissues. Conclusions Two RRT PCRs for the purposes of (i) generic detection of SIV and H1N1v infection in European pigs, and for (ii) specific detection of H1N1v (pandemic influenza) infection were validated. C1 [Slomka, Marek J.; Densham, Anstice L. E.; Coward, Vivien J.; Essen, Steve; Brookes, Sharon M.; Irvine, Richard M.; Ridgeon, Jonathan; Gardner, Rebecca; Hanna, Amanda; Brown, Ian H.] Vet Labs Agcy VLA Weybridge, Avian Virol Workgrp, Dept Virol, Addlestone KT15 3NB, Surrey, England. [Spackman, Erica; Suarez, David L.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Slomka, MJ (reprint author), Vet Labs Agcy VLA Weybridge, Avian Virol Workgrp, Dept Virol, Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, Surrey, England. EM m.slomka@vla.defra.gsi.gov.uk RI Brookes, Sharon/C-8016-2011; Hanna, Amanda/D-8522-2011; Brown, Ian/E-1119-2011; Slomka, Marek/D-8012-2011; Essen, Stephen/E-9721-2011; Irvine, Richard/E-2556-2011; APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010; Coward, Vivien/J-5366-2014 OI Brookes, Sharon/0000-0001-9207-6659; Irvine, Richard/0000-0002-1584-4076; FU UK Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) FX The authors thank all laboratories that supplied specimens of swine influenza and pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza used in this study, in particular the VLA Regional Laboratories at Bury St Edmunds and Thirsk for their long-standing contribution to swine influenza surveillance in United Kingdom. The contribution of Dr Dennis Alexander to the checking of this manuscript is also gratefully acknowledged, as is the funding that was provided from the UK Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra). NR 45 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 5 BP 277 EP 293 DI 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2010.00149.x PG 17 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 639LK UT WOS:000280976100005 PM 20716157 ER PT J AU Eigenberg, RA Brown-Brandl, TM Nienaber, JA AF Eigenberg, Roger A. Brown-Brandl, Tami M. Nienaber, John A. TI Shade material evaluation using a cattle response model and meteorological instrumentation SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Feedlot; Heat load index; Meteorological [data]; Physiological model; Shade materials ID FEEDLOT CATTLE; HEAT-STRESS; INDICATORS AB Shade structures are often considered as one method of reducing stress in feedlot cattle. Selection of a suitable shade material can be difficult without data that quantify material effectiveness for stress reduction. A summer study was conducted during 2007 using instrumented shade structures in conjunction with meteorological measurements to estimate relative effectiveness of various shade materials. Shade structures were 3.6 m x 6.0 m x 3.0 m high at the peak and 2.0 m high at the sides. Polyethylene shade cloth was used in three of the comparisons and consisted of effective coverings of 100%, 60% with a silver reflective coating, and 60% black material with no reflective coating. Additionally, one of the structures was fitted with a poly snow fence with an effective shade of about 30%. Each shade structure contained a solar radiation meter and a black globe thermometer to measure radiant energy received under the shade material. Additionally, meteorological data were collected as a non-shaded treatment and included temperature, humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation. Data analyses was conducted using a physiological model based on temperature, humidity, solar radiation and wind speed; a second model using black globe temperatures, relative humidity, and wind speed was used as well. Analyses of the data revealed that time spent in the highest stress category was reduced by all shade materials. Moreover, significant differences (P < 0.05) existed between all shade materials (compared to no-shade) for hourly summaries during peak daylight hours and for 'full sun' days. C1 [Eigenberg, Roger A.; Brown-Brandl, Tami M.; Nienaber, John A.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Eigenberg, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166,State Spur 18D, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM roger.eigenberg@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0020-7128 J9 INT J BIOMETEOROL JI Int. J. Biometeorol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 54 IS 5 BP 509 EP 515 DI 10.1007/s00484-010-0343-z PG 7 WC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology SC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology GA 640XP UT WOS:000281087800004 PM 20661597 ER PT J AU Mukhopadhyay, S Tomasula, PM Luchansky, JB Porto-Fett, A Call, JE AF Mukhopadhyay, Sudarsan Tomasula, Peggy M. Luchansky, John B. Porto-Fett, Anna Call, Jeffrey E. TI Removal of Salmonella Enteritidis from commercial unpasteurized liquid egg white using pilot scale cross flow tangential microfiltration SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Liquid egg white; S. Enteritidis; Cross flow MF; Functional property ID PULSED ELECTRIC-FIELDS; WHOLE EGG; FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES; GAMMA-IRRADIATION; HIGH-PRESSURE; SKIM MILK; PRODUCTS; PASTEURIZATION; INACTIVATION; RADIATION AB Effectiveness of a cross flow microfiltration (MF) process for removal of a cocktail of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis species from commercial unpasteurized liquid egg white (LEW) from a local egg breaking plant, while maintaining its functional properties was evaluated. To facilitate MF, LEW was wedge screened, homogenized and then diluted (1:2 w/w) with distilled water containing 0.5% sodium chloride. Diluted unpasteurized LEW was inoculated with five strains of S. Enteritidis (ATCC 4931, ATCC BAA-708, ATCC 49215, ATCC 49218, and ATCC BAA-1045) to a level of approximately 10(7) CFU/mL of LEW and microfiltered using a ceramic membrane. Process parameters influencing egg white functional properties and pathogen removal efficiency were evaluated. Average permeates flux increased by almost 126% when pH of LEW was adjusted from pH 8 to pH 7 at 25 degrees C. Microbial removal efficiency was at least, on average, 6.8 Log(10) CFU/mL (limit of detection <= 0.5 Log(10) CFU/mL). Functional property analysis indicated that the MF process did not alter the foaming power of LEW. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mukhopadhyay, Sudarsan; Tomasula, Peggy M.; Luchansky, John B.; Porto-Fett, Anna; Call, Jeffrey E.] ARS, USDA, Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Mukhopadhyay, S (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM sudarsan.mukhopadhyay@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 142 IS 3 BP 309 EP 317 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.07.009 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 652DN UT WOS:000281981700005 PM 20688406 ER PT J AU Chang, DW Abbas, S Hayat, K Xia, SQ Zhang, XM Xie, MY Kim, JM AF Chang, Dawei Abbas, Shabbar Hayat, Khizar Xia, Shuqin Zhang, Xiaoming Xie, Mingyong Kim, Jin Moon TI Encapsulation of ascorbic acid in amorphous maltodextrin employing extrusion as affected by matrix/core ratio and water content SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amorphous solid; ascorbic acid; encapsulation; extrusion; glass transition temperature; maltodextrin ID GLASS-TRANSITION TEMPERATURE; FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES; ENTHALPY RELAXATION; CONTROLLED-RELEASE; STARCH; MICROENCAPSULATION; FLAVORS; PRODUCTS; MOISTURE; SYSTEMS AB P>Ascorbic acid (AA) was encapsulated in glassy low-dextrose equivalent maltodextrin matrix by extrusion. The effects of formulation parameters, i.e., core/matrix ratio and water content were mainly investigated on T(g) of extrudate. The AA yield, AA content and water content of the products together with extrusion parameters were also determined and compared for different formulations. The T(g) of extrudates containing water content from 7.860% to 10.430% ranged from 43.17 to 27.48 degrees C, and the T(g) of extrudates which core to matrix from 1:4 to 1:8 ranged from 35.79 to 41.64 degrees C. AA yield of all extrudates is above 96%, and with increasing water content, there was a slight decrease in the AA yield. The increased water level and core/matrix ratio reduce specific mechanical energy and die head pressure. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy suggested that AA was most likely molecularly dispersed within the maltodextrin indicating the miscibility of AA and maltodextrin. C1 [Chang, Dawei; Abbas, Shabbar; Hayat, Khizar; Xia, Shuqin; Zhang, Xiaoming] Jiangnan Univ, State Key Lab Food Sci & Technol, Sch Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214112, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Hayat, Khizar] Quaid I Azam Univ, Dept Biochem, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan. [Xie, Mingyong] Nanchang Univ, State Key Lab Food Sci & Technol, Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi, Peoples R China. [Kim, Jin Moon] Food Safety & Inspect Serv, USDA, Albany, NY 12203 USA. RP Zhang, XM (reprint author), Jiangnan Univ, State Key Lab Food Sci & Technol, Sch Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214112, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM xmzhang@jiangnan.edu.cn FU National Key Technology R&D Program of China [2006BAD27B04]; National 863 Program [2007AA10Z348] FX This study was supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2006BAD27B04) and National 863 Program 2007AA10Z348. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0950-5423 J9 INT J FOOD SCI TECH JI Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 45 IS 9 BP 1895 EP 1901 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2010.02348.x PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 643PY UT WOS:000281312000019 ER PT J AU Chang, NB Feng, R Gao, ZQ Gao, W AF Chang, Ni-Bin Feng, Rui Gao, Zhiqiang Gao, Wei TI Skin cancer incidence is highly associated with ultraviolet-B radiation history SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE UV-B; UV exposure; Skin cancer incidence; Skin cancer risk; Melanoma risk; Satellite data; Nimbus-7/TOMS; Regional variation; Spatiotemporal analysis; Environmental health ID MELANOMA RISK; UV-RADIATION; NORTHERN; MODELS AB Recently, the increased amount of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) exposure due to ozone depletion has been found to be associated with increased incidence of skin cancer across the world. The quantification of individual, regional, and historical UV exposure directly affects establishment of the association between skin cancer and UV exposure, but accurate assessment and measurement have been challenging for decades. As a sequence, cumulative studies using different metrics reported conflicting results on whether UV radiation, including sunburns, early childhood sun exposure, and chronic exposure, increases melanoma risk. This paper aims to establish the relationship between UV-B and melanoma incidence across the continental U.S. using an ecological approach that incorporate more accurate UV-B exposure measured by the National Aeronautical and Space Administration Nimbus-7 total ozone mapping spectrometer, and the United State Department of Agriculture ground-based network. Using statistical linear mixed models, we found strong positive associations between the skin cancer and the past UV exposure or the past cumulative 3-year UV exposure 3 or 4 years ago. UV has regional distributions and its regional effects on the skin cancer incidence are still significant after adjusting the effect of UV exposure. Research findings yield deepened understanding of spatiotemporal distribution of melanoma incidence rates and a greater appreciation for the complexity and heterogeneity of melanoma risk factors especially the UV-B exposure at different temporal and spatial scales. (C) 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Chang, Ni-Bin] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Feng, Rui] Univ Penn, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Gao, Zhiqiang; Gao, Wei] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, USDA UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Gao, Zhiqiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Chang, NB (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil Environm & Construct Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM nchang@mail.ucf.edu RI Gao, Wei/C-1430-2016 NR 26 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1438-4639 J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 213 IS 5 BP 359 EP 368 DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2010.06.006 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 652RN UT WOS:000282027700006 PM 20619731 ER PT J AU Rodwell, TC Kapasi, AJ Moore, M Milian-Suazo, F Harris, B Guerrero, LP Moser, K Strathdee, SA Garfein, RS AF Rodwell, Timothy C. Kapasi, Anokhi J. Moore, Marisa Milian-Suazo, Feliciano Harris, Beth Guerrero, L. P. Moser, Kathleen Strathdee, Steffanie A. Garfein, Richard S. TI Tracing the origins of Mycobacterium bovis tuberculosis in humans in the USA to cattle in Mexico using spoligotyping SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Molecular epidemiology; Mycobacterium bovis; Tuberculosis; Spoligotyping ID LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; UNITED-STATES; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SAN-DIEGO; TRANSMISSION; INFECTIONS; COMPLEX; RECOVERY; ANIMALS AB Objectives: To compare genotypes of Mycobacterium bovis strains from humans in Southern California with genotypes of M. bovis strains in cattle in Mexico and the USA to explore the possible origins of human infections. Methods: We conducted a descriptive analysis of M. bovis genotypes from a binational population of humans and cattle using spacer oligonucleotide typing (spoligotyping). Results: One hundred six human M. bovis spoligotypes were compared to spoligotypes from 496 Mexican cattle and 219 US cattle. Twelve spoligotype patterns were identified among human cases and 126 spoligotype patterns were detected in cattle. Over 91% (97/106) of the human M. bovis isolates had spoligotypes that were identical to those found in Mexican cattle. Four human cases had spoligotypes that matched both cattle born in Mexico and in the USA. Nine human cases had spoligotypes that did not match cattle born in Mexico or the USA. Conclusions: Our data indicate that the population of M. bovis strains causing human TB disease in Southern California is closely related to the M. bovis strain population found in Mexican cattle and supports existing epidemiological evidence that human M. bovis disease in San Diego likely originated from Mexican cattle. (C) 2010 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Rodwell, Timothy C.; Strathdee, Steffanie A.; Garfein, Richard S.] Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Americas, Div Global Publ Hlth, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Kapasi, Anokhi J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Cellular & Mol Med, Mol Pathol Program, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Moore, Marisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moore, Marisa; Moser, Kathleen] Hlth & Human Serv Agcy, TB Control & Refugee Hlth Program, San Diego, CA USA. [Milian-Suazo, Feliciano; Guerrero, L. P.] Programa Nacl Epidemiol CENIDFA INIFAP, Queretaro, Qro, Mexico. [Harris, Beth] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Rodwell, TC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Americas, Div Global Publ Hlth, 10111 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM trodwell@ucsd.edu FU University of California [CF07-SD-302]; National Institutes of Health [K01AI083784-01, T32 DA023356] FX The authors thank Dr Benjamin Sanchez for his assistance with dataset preparation and Dr Edward Desmond for his assistance with the human M. bovis genotyping. Dr Rodwell received financial support from the California HIV/AIDS Research Program at the University of California, Fellowship No. CF07-SD-302 and the National Institutes of Health: T32 #DA023356 and K01AI083784-01. NR 47 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1201-9712 J9 INT J INFECT DIS JI Int. J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 14 SU 3 BP E129 EP E135 DI 10.1016/j.ijid.2009.11.037 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 660LA UT WOS:000282643000027 PM 20399697 ER PT J AU Kasari, TR Miller, RS James, AM Freier, JE AF Kasari, Thomas R. Miller, Ryan S. James, Angela M. Freier, Jerome E. TI Recognition of the threat of Ehrlichia ruminantium infection in domestic and wild ruminants in the continental United States SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID GULF-COAST TICK; AMBLYOMMA-VARIEGATUM TICKS; HEARTWATER-ENDEMIC AREAS; COWDRIA-RUMINANTIUM; CATTLE-EGRETS; BUBULCUS-IBIS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; RANGE EXPANSION; EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION; 32-KILODALTON PROTEIN C1 [Kasari, Thomas R.] Vet Serv, Natl Surveillance Unit, Ctr Epidemiol, APHIS,USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Kasari, Thomas R.] Vet Serv, Natl Surveillance Unit, Ctr Anim Hlth, APHIS,USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Miller, Ryan S.; James, Angela M.; Freier, Jerome E.] Vet Serv, Ctr Anim Hlth Informat & Anal, Ctr Epidemiol, APHIS,USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Miller, Ryan S.; James, Angela M.; Freier, Jerome E.] Vet Serv, Ctr Anim Hlth Informat & Anal, Ctr Anim Hlth, APHIS,USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Kasari, TR (reprint author), Vet Serv, Natl Surveillance Unit, Ctr Epidemiol, APHIS,USDA, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg B, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM tom.r.kasari@aphis.usda.gov OI Miller, Ryan/0000-0003-3892-0251 NR 127 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 237 IS 5 BP 520 EP 530 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 643JA UT WOS:000281290200021 PM 20807129 ER PT J AU Davidson, RS Letcher, BH Nislow, KH AF Davidson, R. Scott Letcher, Benjamin H. Nislow, Keith H. TI Drivers of growth variation in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): an elasticity analysis approach SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE body growth; density dependence; discharge; environmental variation; global climate change; temperature ID LIFE-HISTORY VARIATION; BROWN TROUT; POPULATION RESPONSES; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; INDIVIDUAL GROWTH; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; SEASONAL GROWTH; PARR; STREAM; SURVIVAL AB 1. Estimating the relative importance of factors affecting key vital rates is an essential challenge for population ecology. In spite of a large literature on individual growth rates of north temperate-zone fishes, relative effect sizes for the wide range of abiotic and biotic factors affecting fish growth are not well characterized, strongly limiting our ability to predict the effects of environmental change on fish populations. 2. We applied generalized linear mixed models to data from a long-term (nine cohorts over 10 years) individual-based (7685 records from 4203 individuals) study of stream-dwelling juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to estimate the relative importance and interactive effects of stream discharge, water temperature and population density on season-specific growth rates. The model explained a large proportion (r2 = 0 center dot 95) of observed variation in growth. 3. Elasticity analysis was used to estimate the relative importance of model variables on growth in length for Atlantic salmon between age 0+ autumn and the end of age 1+ winter. Effects of population density were substantially weaker than effects of discharge and temperature across all seasons. Opposing among-season temperature effects reduced the overall importance of temperature on growth in contrast to discharge, where effects were generally positive among seasons. Consistent among-season effects and a greater range of observed variation combined to increase the effect of discharge on growth compared to temperature. 4. These results suggest that robust predictions of body growth in north temperate stream fishes will need to include season-specific estimates of variation in both abiotic (temperature and discharge) and biotic (density) factors, but that variation in discharge will dominate growth responses. C1 [Davidson, R. Scott] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Nat Resources Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Davidson, R. Scott; Letcher, Benjamin H.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. [Nislow, Keith H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Davidson, RS (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. EM rsdavids@ucsc.edu FU US Fish and Wildlife Service; US Forest Service Northern Research Station; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation FX The US Fish and Wildlife Service and US Forest Service Northern Research Station provided financial support. Cailin Xu and Ted Castor-Santos, Andres Lopez-Sepulcre and an anonymous reviewers provided useful comments on manuscript drafts. We thank Matthew O'Donnell, Todd Dubreuil, Gabe Gries and numerous field assistants for help collecting data. Data on the number of shelters present were collected by Anders Finstad. R.S.D. was supported by the Maine Atlantic Salmon Conservation Fund - National Fish and Wildlife Foundation. NR 50 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8790 J9 J ANIM ECOL JI J. Anim. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 79 IS 5 BP 1113 EP 1121 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2010.01708.x PG 9 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 635QK UT WOS:000280671000020 PM 20487089 ER PT J AU Wheeler, TL Cundiff, LV Shackelford, SD Koohmaraie, M AF Wheeler, T. L. Cundiff, L. V. Shackelford, S. D. Koohmaraie, M. TI Characterization of biological types of cattle (Cycle VIII): Carcass, yield, and longissimus palatability traits SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef; breed; carcass; palatability; quality; tenderness ID ESTIMATED GENETIC-PARAMETERS; BRAHMAN-DERIVATIVE BREEDS; BRATZLER SHEAR FORCE; MEAT PALATABILITY; BEEF-CATTLE; BOS-INDICUS; QUALITY; GROWTH; HERITABILITIES; FEEDLOT AB The objective of this experiment was to evaluate alternative sources of tropically adapted cattle germplasm and compare them with Angus- (AN) and Hereford- (HE) sired steers. Carcass, yield, and longissimus thoracis palatability traits from F(1) steers (n = 621) obtained from mating AN and MARC III cows to HE, AN, Brangus (BR), Beefmaster (BM), Bonsmara (BO), or Romosinuano (RO) sires were compared. Data were adjusted to constant age (426 d), carcass weight (340 kg), fat thickness (1.0 cm), fat trim percentage (25%), and marbling (Small(00)) endpoints. For Warner-Bratzler and slice shear force and trained and untrained sensory panel traits, data were obtained on LM from ribeye steaks stored at 2 C for 14 or 15 d postmortem. The following comparisons were from the age-constant endpoint. Carcasses from BM-, AN-, and BR-sired steers (358, 355, and 351 kg, respectively) were heavier (P < 0.05) than carcasses from steers from HE (343 kg) and BO (331 kg) sires; RO-sired steers (318 kg) had the lightest (P < 0.05) carcasses. Adjusted fat thicknesses for AN- and BM-sired steers (1.3 and 1.2 cm, respectively) were greater (P < 0.05) than for steers from BR 1.0 cm) and BO (0.9 cm) sires; RO-sired steers (0.8 cm) had the least fat thickness. Longissimus areas were larger (P < 0.05) for BO- and BR-sired steers (84.4 and 84.1 cm(2), respectively) than for BM-and HE-sired steers (80.8 and 80.2 cm(2), respectively). A greater (P < 0.05) percentage of carcasses from AN-sired steers graded USDA Choice (69%) than other sire breeds (17 to 47%) except HE (52%). Carcass yield of boneless, totally trimmed retail product was least (P < 0.05) for AN-sired steers (60.1%) and greatest (P < 0.05) for RO- and BO-sired steers (64.4 to 63.5%). Considering all measurements, AN LM tended to be more tender and BM LM tended to be least tender. American composite breeds BM and BR were heavier, fatter, lesser yielding, with similar marbling scores but less tender LM than BO and RO. Angus carcasses were similar in size, fatter, lesser yielding, with more marbling and more tender LM compared with BM and BR. Bonsmara and RO provide tropically adapted germplasm and produce carcasses that are lighter, leaner, greater yielding, with similar marbling and LM that tend to be more tender than carcasses from BM and BR. C1 [Wheeler, T. L.; Cundiff, L. V.; Shackelford, S. D.; Koohmaraie, M.] USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Wheeler, TL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Tommy.Wheeler@ars.usda.gov RI Koohmaraie, Mohammad/A-2108-2013 NR 40 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 5 U2 13 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 88 IS 9 BP 3070 EP 3083 DI 10.2527/jas.2009-2497 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 638BU UT WOS:000280866200023 PM 20453085 ER PT J AU Poletto, R Cheng, HW Meisel, RL Garner, JP Richert, BT Marchant-Forde, JN AF Poletto, R. Cheng, H. W. Meisel, R. L. Garner, J. P. Richert, B. T. Marchant-Forde, J. N. TI Aggressiveness and brain amine concentration in dominant and subordinate finishing pigs fed the beta-adrenoreceptor agonist ractopamine SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aggressiveness; biogenic amine; brain; ractopamine; sex; social rank ID FEMALE DOMESTIC PIGS; CARCASS VALUE; GROWTH-PHASE; GROWING PIGS; BEHAVIOR; SEROTONIN; STRESS; DOPAMINE; SWINE; STIMULATION AB Under farm conditions, aggression related to the formation of social hierarchy and competition for resources can be a major problem because of associated injuries, social stress, and carcass losses. Any factor that may affect the regulation and amount of aggression within a farmed system, for instance, feeding the beta-adrenoreceptor agonist ractopamine (RAC), is therefore worthy of investigation. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of the widely used swine feed additive RAC, considering also the effects of sex and social rank on aggressiveness and concentrations of brain amines, neurotransmitters essential for controlling aggression, in finishing pigs. Thirty-two barrows and 32 gilts (4 pigs/pen by sex) were fed either a control diet or a diet with RAC (Paylean, Elanco Animal Health, Greenfield, IN) added (5 mg/kg for 2 wk, followed by 10 mg/kg for 2 wk). The top dominant and bottom subordinate pigs (16 pigs/sex) in each pen were determined after mixing by a 36-h period of continuous behavioral observation. These pigs were then subjected to resident-intruder tests (maximum 300 s) during the feeding trial to measure aggressiveness. At the end of wk 4, the amygdala, frontal cortex, hypothalamus, and raphe nuclei were dissected and analyzed for concentrations of dopamine (DA); serotonin (5-HT); their metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid (DOPAC) and homovanillic acid, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), respectively; norepinephrine; and epinephrine using HPLC. Ractopamine-fed gilts performed more attacks during the first 30 s of testing than pigs in all other subgroups (P < 0.05). By the end of the resident-intruder test (300 s), the dominant control gilts and barrows, and both dominant and subordinate RAC-fed gilts performed the greatest percentage of attacks (P < 0.05). Gilts had decreased norepinephrine and DOPAC concentrations in the amygdala and frontal cortex, and when fed RAC, gilts also had the least 5-HIAA concentration and greatest DA turnover rate in the amygdala (P < 0.05). The 5-HT concentration was less in the frontal cortex of gilts compared with barrows and in the raphe nuclei (single site for brain 5-HT synthesis) of dominant gilts (P < 0.05). Ractopamine may be affecting aggressive behavior through indirect action on central regulatory mechanisms such as the DA system. The aggressive pattern observed in the tested pigs, especially in gilts, is likely linked to brain monoamine profiling of a deficient serotonergic system in the raphe nuclei, amygdala, and frontal cortex, and enhanced DA metabolism in the amygdala, brain areas vital for aggression regulation. C1 [Poletto, R.; Cheng, H. W.; Marchant-Forde, J. N.] USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Poletto, R.; Garner, J. P.; Richert, B. T.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Meisel, R. L.] Purdue Univ, Dept Psychol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Marchant-Forde, JN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM Jeremy.Marchant-Forde@ars.usda.gov RI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/A-7616-2009; Garner, Joseph/C-8422-2009 OI Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/0000-0002-5287-2914; NR 43 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 88 IS 9 BP 3107 EP 3120 DI 10.2527/jas.2009-1876 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 638BU UT WOS:000280866200025 PM 20495130 ER PT J AU Horn, MJ Van Emon, ML Gunn, PJ Eicher, SD Lemenager, RP Burgess, J Pyatt, N Lake, SL AF Horn, M. J. Van Emon, M. L. Gunn, P. J. Eicher, S. D. Lemenager, R. P. Burgess, J. Pyatt, N. Lake, S. L. TI Effects of maternal natural (RRR alpha-tocopherol acetate) or synthetic (all-rac alpha-tocopherol acetate) vitamin E supplementation on suckling calf performance, colostrum immunoglobulin G, and immune function SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef calf; immune function; performance; vitamin E ID BEEF-CATTLE; DAIRY-COWS; MILK-YIELD; CALVES; SELENIUM; WEIGHT; DIETARY; METABOLISM; FEEDLOT; SYSTEM AB The objective of this study was to determine the effects of maternally supplemented natural-or synthetic-source vitamin E on suckling calf performance and immune response. In a 2-yr study, one hundred fifty-two 2- and 3-yr-old, spring-calving, Angus-cross beef cows were blocked by age, BW, and BCS into 1 of 3 isocaloric, corn-based dietary supplements containing 1) no additional vitamin E (CON), 2) 1,000 IU/d of synthetic-source vitamin E (SYN), or 3) 1,000 IU/d of natural-source vitamin E (NAT). Maternal supplementation began approximately 6 wk prepartum and continued until the breeding season. Colostrum from cows and blood from calves was collected 24 h postpartum for analysis of IgG concentration as an indicator of passive transfer and circulating a-tocopherol concentration. At 19 d of age, blood was collected from calves to determine the expression of CD14 and CD18 molecules on leukocytes. At 21 and 35 d of age, humoral immune response was measured by a subcutaneous injection, in the neck, with ovalbumin (20 mg; OVA) and blood samples collected weekly until d 63 of age to determine antibodies produced against OVA. At d 63 of age, calves were administered an intradermal injection of OVA (1 mg) in the neck to assess cell-mediated immunity, which was determined on d 65 of age by measuring nodule size with calipers. Circulating alpha-tocopherol concentrations were increased at both 24 h (P = 0.001) and at the day of initial OVA challenge (P < 0.001) in SYN and NAT compared with CON calves. No differences were detected (P > 0.05) for calf birth BW, ADG, or weaning BW. There were no differences (P > 0.05) in calf serum total IgG or cow colostrum total IgG at 24 h or presence of CD14 and CD18 receptors at d 19 of age. The NAT calves had a greater antigen response to OVA at d 63 than SYN calves (P = 0.01; treatment x day interaction). As an indicator of cell-mediated immunity to OVA, nodule size at 65 d of age was not affected (P = 0.92) by maternal dietary supplementation. In conclusion, calves suckling cows supplemented with natural-and synthetic-source vitamin E had increased circulating concentrations of alpha-tocopherol at 24 h, which appeared to continue throughout maternal supplementation; however, calf immune function and performance were not affected. C1 [Lake, S. L.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Anim Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Horn, M. J.; Van Emon, M. L.; Gunn, P. J.; Lemenager, R. P.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Eicher, S. D.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Burgess, J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Foods & Nutr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Pyatt, N.] ADM Anim Nutr Res, Decatur, IL USA. RP Lake, SL (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Anim Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM scotlake@uwyo.edu NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 88 IS 9 BP 3128 EP 3135 DI 10.2527/jas.2009-2035 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 638BU UT WOS:000280866200027 PM 20495133 ER PT J AU Heller, DN Lehotay, SJ Martos, PA Hammack, W Fernandez-Alba, AR AF Heller, David N. Lehotay, Steven J. Martos, Perry A. Hammack, Walter Fernandez-Alba, Amaneo R. TI Issues in Mass Spectrometry Between Bench Chemists and Regulatory Laboratory Managers: Summary of the Roundtable on Mass Spectrometry Held at the 123rd AOAC INTERNATIONAL Annual Meeting SO JOURNAL OF AOAC INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID CHROMATOGRAPHY; RESIDUES; FOOD AB At the 123rd AOAC INTERNATIONAL Annual Meeting in Philadelphia, PA, 45 residue chemists gathered for a roundtable discussion of mass spectrometry (MS) used for regulatory chemical residues analysis. The session was conceived to address current technical and communication issues about MS between "bench chemists and their bosses." The topics covered a range of practical, routine, and recurring issues on capabilities and limitations of MS techniques, and suggestions on how chemists may better communicate their MS results with customers. The customers in this sense include laboratory managers, quality assurance officers, laboratory clients, regulatory officials, policy-makers, lawyers, and others who have interest in the data. The stated goals devised by the roundtable panelists were to provide independent advice, describe limitations, give practical tips, help set realistic expectations, and answer questions from the attendees. The panelists divided the topics into three main themes: practical aspects in routine analysis using MS, choice of MS technique depending on the purpose for analysis, and qualitative identification and confirmation concepts. This report was written to summarize and expand upon the discussion, frame the current issues, and provide advice on handling common situations in MS analysis and reporting of results. Topics included LODs, data quality objectives, quantification and reporting results, matrix effects, calibration, terminology, differences in performance across MS platforms, proficiency testing, qualitative analysis, and laboratory accreditation. Conclusions are presented as a set of questions for structuring a dialog between bench chemists and laboratory managers. C1 [Heller, David N.] US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Lehotay, Steven J.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Martos, Perry A.] Univ Guelph Agr & Food Lab, W Guelph, ON N1H 8J7, Canada. [Hammack, Walter] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. [Fernandez-Alba, Amaneo R.] Univ Almeria, Fac Expt Sci, Dept Hydrogeol & Analyt Chem, Almeria 04071, Spain. RP Heller, DN (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Vet Med, 8401 Muirkirk Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. EM david.heller@fda.hhs.gov NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 9 PU AOAC INT PI GAITHERSBURG PA 481 N FREDRICK AVE, STE 500, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20877-2504 USA SN 1060-3271 J9 J AOAC INT JI J. AOAC Int. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 93 IS 5 BP 1625 EP 1632 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 679WG UT WOS:000284190900035 PM 21140676 ER PT J AU Progar, RA Rinella, MJ Fekedulegn, D Butler, L AF Progar, R. A. Rinella, M. J. Fekedulegn, D. Butler, L. TI Nuclear polyhedrosis virus as a biological control agent for Malacosoma americanum (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Malacosoma americanum; tent caterpillar; viral pesticide ID REPRODUCTIVE LOSS SYNDROME; EASTERN TENT CATERPILLAR; DISSTRIA HUBNER; SUSCEPTIBILITY; TRANSMISSION; PURIFICATION; POPULATIONS; INFECTIVITY; PATHOGENS; DENSITY AB In addition to damaging trees, the eastern tent caterpillar is implicated in early fetal loss and late-term abortion in horses. In a field study, we evaluated the potential biological control of the caterpillar using eastern tent caterpillar nuclear polyhedrosis virus (ETNPV), a naturally occurring virus that is nearly species-specific. Egg masses were hatched and second instar larvae were fed virus-inoculated foliage to propagate the virus in vivo. Then, a viral pesticide was formulated at concentrations of 10(4), 10(6) and 10(8) polyhedral inclusion bodies per ml. The pesticide was applied to foliage on which second, third and fourth instar caterpillars were feeding. When the majority of surviving larvae reached the sixth instar, colonies were collected and the surviving caterpillars counted. Mean numbers of surviving caterpillars per treatment were compared via 95% bootstrap confidence intervals. The data indicate second instar caterpillars were highly susceptible to the virus, but only at the highest concentration tested. Third instar caterpillars were also somewhat susceptible to high virus concentrations, while fourth instar caterpillars were fairly resistant. Our data provide the strongest evidence to date that ETNPV can be propagated, harvested and refined for formulation as a biological control agent for eastern tent caterpillar. Its use on this insect may be merited in circumstances where landowners and managers need to protect trees and horses. C1 [Rinella, M. J.] ARS, USDA, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Progar, R. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, La Grande, OR USA. [Fekedulegn, D.] NIOSH, Morgantown, WV USA. [Butler, L.] W Virginia Univ, Div Plant & Soil Sci, Coll Agr, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Rinella, MJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, 243 Ft Keogh Rd, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM matt.rinella@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0931-2048 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 134 IS 8 BP 641 EP 646 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0418.2010.01508.x PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 642HZ UT WOS:000281200900004 ER PT J AU Edburg, SL Allwine, G Lamb, B Stock, D Thistle, H Peterson, H Strom, B AF Edburg, Steven L. Allwine, Gene Lamb, Brian Stock, David Thistle, Harold Peterson, Holly Strom, Brian TI A Simple Model to Predict Scalar Dispersion within a Successively Thinned Loblolly Pine Canopy SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TURBULENCE; FOREST; VEGETATION; STATISTICS; STANDS; FLOW AB Bark beetles kill millions of acres of trees in the United States annually by using chemical signaling to attack host trees en masse. As an attempt to control infestations, forest managers use synthetic semiochemical sources to attract beetles to traps and/or repel beetles from high-value resources such as trees and stands. The purpose of this study was to develop a simple numerical technique that may be used by forest managers as a guide in the placement of synthetic semiochemicals. The authors used a one-dimensional, one-equation turbulence model (k-l(m)) to drive a three-dimensional transport and dispersion model. Predictions were compared with observations from a unique tracer gas experiment conducted in a successively thinned loblolly pine canopy. Predictions of wind speed and turbulent kinetic energy compared well with observations. Scalar concentration was predicted well and trends of maximum observed concentration versus leaf area index were captured within 30 m of the release location. A hypothetical application of the numerical technique was conducted for a 12-day period to demonstrate the model's usefulness to forest managers. C1 [Edburg, Steven L.; Allwine, Gene; Lamb, Brian; Stock, David] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Thistle, Harold] US Forest Serv, USDA, Morgantown, WV USA. [Peterson, Holly] Montana Coll Mineral Sci & Technol, Butte, MT USA. [Strom, Brian] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pineville, LA USA. RP Edburg, SL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, POB 642910, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM sledburg@gmail.com FU [USDA-FS-FHTET-FHP-TD.00.M03]; [USDA-FS-SRS-RWU-4501] FX We acknowledge the work of Anna Carter and Kyle Heitkamp (Montana Technical University), Theo Leonard and Rachael Allwine (Washington State University), Scott Gilmour, Wes Throop, Jim Kautz, and Mike Huey (USDA Forest Service, MTDC, Missoula, MT), and R. Arnold and S. Walters (USDA Forest Service, SRS, Pineville, LA) in field sampling and organization as well as Denise Binion for layout support. We thank Robert Howell, Frank Yerby, and Jim Meeker for support and local arrangements, as well as the remaining staff of the Winn Ranger District of the Kisatchie National Forest. This work was supported by USDA-FS-FHTET-FHP-TD.00.M03, USDA-FS-SRS-RWU-4501, and USDA-FS-Region 8, Forest Health Protection. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 49 IS 9 BP 1913 EP 1926 DI 10.1175/2010JAMC2339.1 PG 14 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 655LI UT WOS:000282251100010 ER PT J AU Dozier, WA Behnke, KC Gehring, CK Branton, SL AF Dozier, W. A., III Behnke, K. C. Gehring, C. K. Branton, S. L. TI Effects of feed form on growth performance and processing yields of broiler chickens during a 42-day production period SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE broiler; corn; feed manufacturing; grinding; particle size ID MILL GROUND CORN; PELLET QUALITY; PARAMETERS; DIETS AB Meat birds fed high-quality pellets exhibit advantages in rate and efficiency of growth over birds fed poorer quality pellets. However, the associated feed manufacturing cost and reduced production rates to obtain high-quality pellets are viewed by the industry as offsetting the benefits in broiler performance provided by high-quality pellets. With the combination of increased costs for utilities in the feed mill and for feed ingredients, strategies are needed to conserve milling costs while optimizing the efficiency of broiler growth. In this study, we evaluated the effects of feed form on live performance and meat yield of broiler chickens during a 42-d production period. Four treatments were provided from 18 to 42 d of age: 1) high-quality pellets (88% pellet durability index), 2) low-quality pellets (66% pellet durability index), 3) a proportion of the formulated corn added post-pellet (89% pellet durability index), and 4) mash (corn was ground via a roller mill). Broilers fed the high-quality pellets had higher cumulative BW gain and consumed more feed than birds fed low-quality pellets. Mash-fed broilers had poorer growth performance and less meat recovery than birds in the other treatments. Adding corn post-pellet resulted in broilers having similar performance and meat yields compared with those fed high-quality pellets. In this study, we confirm that adding corn post-pellet does not negatively affect growth performance and meat yield. Feeding broilers high-quality pellets provides a benefit in growth rate over feeding low-quality pellets by increasing feed consumption. C1 [Dozier, W. A., III; Gehring, C. K.] Auburn Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Dozier, W. A., III; Branton, S. L.] ARS, USDA, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Behnke, K. C.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Dozier, WA (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, 201 Poultry Sci Bldg,260 Lem Morrison Dr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM bill.dozier@auburn.edu NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 19 IS 3 BP 219 EP 226 DI 10.3382/japr.2010-00156 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 642YX UT WOS:000281259000002 ER PT J AU Johny, AK Darre, MJ Donoghue, AM Donoghue, DJ Venkitanarayanan, K AF Johny, A. Kollanoor Darre, M. J. Donoghue, A. M. Donoghue, D. J. Venkitanarayanan, K. TI Antibacterial effect of trans-cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol on Salmonella Enteritidis and Campylobacter jejuni in chicken cecal contents in vitro SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE antibacterial; Campylobacter; plant molecule; Salmonella ID ESSENTIAL OILS; CAPRYLIC-ACID; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; BROILER-CHICKENS; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; COLONIZATION; FEED; MECHANISMS; INFECTION; STATES AB Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and Campylobacter jejuni are 2 major foodborne pathogens transmitted through poultry products. These pathogens colonize the chicken cecum, leading to contamination of carcasses during slaughter and subsequent processing operations. We investigated the antimicrobial efficacy of 4 GRAS (generally recognized as safe) status plant-derived molecules, namely, trans-cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, carvacrol, and thymol, against Salmonella Enteritidis and C. jejuni in chicken cecal contents in vitro. The plant molecules were added at different concentrations (ranging from 10 to 75 mM for Salmonella Enteritidis and 10 to 30 mM for C. jejuni) to autoclaved chicken cecal contents inoculated with approximately 7.0 log(10) cfu/mL of Salmonella Enteritidis or approximately 5.0 log10 cfu/mL of C. jejuni. The pathogen populations in the cecal contents after 15 s, 8 h, and 24 h of incubation at 40 degrees C were determined. Duplicate samples of treatments and the control were included, and the study was replicated 3 times. Campylobacter jejuni was more sensitive to all the molecules than Salmonella Enteritidis (P <= 0.05). All molecules were highly bactericidal, with the lowest concentration of trans-cinnamaldehyde (10 mM) reducing (P <= 0.05) Salmonella Enteritidis populations by approximately 6.0 log(10) cfu/mL after 8 h and >8.0 log(10) cfu/mL after 24 h of incubation. Trans-cinnamaldehyde at 25 mM eliminated detectable (P <= 0.05) Salmonella Enteritidis counts by 8 h of incubation. In addition, trans-cinnamaldehyde at all tested concentrations (10, 20, and 30 mM) reduced C. jejuni counts to <1.0 log(10) cfu/mL after 8 and 24 h of incubation. Carvacrol and eugenol decreased (P <= 0.05) Salmonella Enteritidis and C. jejuni counts to <1.0 log(10) cfu/mL at 50 and 75 mM and 20 and 30 mM, respectively. Although not as effective as other molecules, thymol also reduced the counts of both pathogens. We conclude that the aforementioned molecules could potentially be used to reduce Salmonella Enteritidis and C. jejuni in chicken ceca. Follow-up in vivo studies are planned to evaluate these possibilities. C1 [Johny, A. Kollanoor; Darre, M. J.; Venkitanarayanan, K.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Anim Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Donoghue, A. M.] ARS, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, USDA, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Donoghue, D. J.] Univ Arkansas, Ctr Excellence Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Venkitanarayanan, K (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Anim Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM kumar.venkitanarayanan@uconn.edu RI Kollanoor Johny, Anup/J-3771-2015 NR 33 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 19 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 19 IS 3 BP 237 EP 244 DI 10.3382/japr.2010-00181 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 642YX UT WOS:000281259000004 ER PT J AU Reynnells, R AF Reynnells, R. TI National Extension Workshop Washington update SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE animal welfare and behavior; multistate research committee; support personnel award; meeting; national institute AB The USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service was changed to the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, and the National Research Initiative became the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative on October 1, 2009. All related grants, deadlines, and procedures may be found on the National Institute of Food and Agriculture Internet site (http://www.nifa.usda.gov) after October 1, 2009. The Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service continues to have annual internal and periodic (every 5 yr) external reviews of their portfolio, which summarizes accomplishments found in the Current Research Information System. As in previous years, cooperation, networking, teamwork, and participation in multistate research committees are essential to meaningful contributions to the food animal system. Since 1988, the National Poultry Extension Workshop has been possible because of the dedicated efforts of volunteers. The Future Trends in Animal Agriculture's 2008 symposium was "Complementary Relationships in Animal Agriculture." The 2009 Quadrennial Poultry Extension Workshop was held in Raleigh, North Carolina. The National Poultry Waste Management Symposium coordinator for 2010 is Edgar Oviedo, North Carolina State University. Several universities now provide animal welfare education programs, including participation in assessment competitions and distance education. Coordination of the Animal Welfare Assessment Contest continues to be through Michigan State University. The recipient of the 2009 Poultry Extension Special Recognition Award is Jacquie Jacob, University of Kentucky, for her exceptional contributions to extension programs at the state, regional, and national levels. Michael Ford, University of Kentucky, is the 2009 recipient of the Poultry Science Association Support Personnel Award, sponsored by Tyson Foods Inc. C1 Natl Inst Food & Agr NIFA, Natl Program Leader NPL, Anim Prod Syst, USDA,Plant & Anim Syst PAS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Reynnells, R (reprint author), Natl Inst Food & Agr NIFA, Natl Program Leader NPL, Anim Prod Syst, USDA,Plant & Anim Syst PAS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM rreynnells@csrees.usda.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 1056-6171 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 19 IS 3 BP 299 EP 306 DI 10.3382/japr.2009-00117 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 642YX UT WOS:000281259000010 ER PT J AU Stodola, KW Linder, ET Buehler, DA Franzreb, KE Kim, DH Cooper, RJ AF Stodola, Kirk W. Linder, Eric T. Buehler, David A. Franzreb, Kathleen E. Kim, Daniel H. Cooper, Robert J. TI Relative influence of male and female care in determining nestling mass in a migratory songbird SO JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MALE PARENTAL CARE; THROATED BLUE WARBLERS; DENDROICA-CAERULESCENS; POSTFLEDGING SURVIVAL; FICEDULA-HYPOLEUCA; FEEDING NESTLINGS; PIED FLYCATCHER; INVESTMENT; TITS; QUALITY AB Biparental care is common in birds, with the allocation of effort being highly variable between the sexes. In most songbird species, the female typically provides the most care early in the breeding cycle with both parents providing care when provisioning young. Food provisioning should be directly related to offspring quality; however, the relative influence each parent has on offspring quality has rarely been assessed at the nest level. Consequently, we were interested in assessing the relative influence male and female provisioning has on one measurement of offspring quality, nestling mass, in the black-throated blue warbler Dendroica caerulescens. Over a six year period, 2003-2008, we collected information on average nestling mass per brood on day 6 of the nestling cycle and parental provisioning rates on day 7 of the nestling cycle from 182 first brood nests on three different study plots. We found that average nestling mass was directly related to male provisioning rate, while it was not related to female provisioning rate. On the other hand, estimated biomass provisioned had little influence on average nestling mass, calling into question its utility in assessing parental quality. Finally, there was some indication that parental influence on average nestling mass was dependent on the other parent's provisioning rate, suggesting that parents work in concert to influence nestling quality. C1 [Stodola, Kirk W.; Cooper, Robert J.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Res, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Linder, Eric T.] Univ Texas Brownsville, Dept Biol Sci, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA. [Buehler, David A.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Franzreb, Kathleen E.] Univ Tennessee, USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn,So Appalachian Mt Cooperat Ecosyst Stu, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Kim, Daniel H.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. RP Stodola, KW (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Res, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM stodolak@warnell.uga.edu FU USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station; National Science Foundation [0342750]; Georgia Ornithological Societies' Bill Terrell; H. Branch Howe; Georgia Ornithological Societies FX We would like to thank the Coweeta Hydrologic Lab, along with the Wayah and Highlands ranger districts of the US Forest Service for providing access to study sites. The USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station, the National Science Foundation, Award no. 0342750, and the Georgia Ornithological Societies' Bill Terrell and H. Branch Howe grants, provided for funding for this project. Thanks to the Cooper Lab and P. Gowaty whose comments greatly improved this manuscript. Finally, this project also would not have been possible without all the dedicated people we worked with in the field who are too numerous to name, although we give a special thanks to K. Leavelle, L. Willenbring, B. Maley, and A. Mahoney for their help in multiple years. NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0908-8857 J9 J AVIAN BIOL JI J. Avian Biol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 41 IS 5 BP 515 EP 522 DI 10.1111/j.1600-048X.2009.04751.x PG 8 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 650KX UT WOS:000281849500003 ER PT J AU Chen, J Xie, G Han, S Chertkov, O Sims, D Civerolo, EL AF Chen, J. Xie, G. Han, S. Chertkov, O. Sims, D. Civerolo, E. L. TI Whole Genome Sequences of Two Xylella fastidiosa Strains (M12 and M23) Causing Almond Leaf Scorch Disease in California SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Xylella fastidiosa is a Gram-negative plant-pathogenic bacterium causing many economically important diseases, including almond leaf scorch disease (ALSD) in California. Genome information greatly facilitates research on this nutritionally fastidious organism. Here we report the complete genome sequences of two ALSD strains of this bacterium, M12 and M23. C1 [Chen, J.; Civerolo, E. L.] USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Xie, G.; Han, S.; Chertkov, O.; Sims, D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Genome Sci Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM jianchi.chen@ars.usda.gov OI xie, gary/0000-0002-9176-924X FU U.S. Department of Agriculture; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This research was partially supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. NR 4 TC 18 Z9 642 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 192 IS 17 BP 4534 EP 4534 DI 10.1128/JB.00651-10 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 638AX UT WOS:000280863000034 PM 20601474 ER PT J AU Zhu, H Lan, YB Wu, WF Hoffmann, WC Huang, YB Xue, XY Liang, JA Fritz, B AF Zhu, Hang Lan, Yubin Wu, Wenfu Hoffmann, W. Clint Huang, Yanbo Xue, Xinyu Liang, Jian Fritz, Brad TI Development of a PWM Precision Spraying Controller for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles SO JOURNAL OF BIONIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE PWM controller; TL494; precision spraying; UAV ID PLANETARY BOUNDARY-LAYER AB This paper presents a new Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controller for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) precision sprayer for agriculture using a TL494 fixed-frequency pulse width modulator together with a data acquisition board and developed software. An UAV can be remotely controlled or flown autonomously by pre-programmed flight plans. The PWM controller was implemented through the guidance system on the UAV with control commands sent between the UAV helicopter and the ground control station via a wireless telemetry system. The PWM controller was tested and validated using LabVIEW 8.2. Several analyses were performed in a laboratory to test different control signals. The results show that the PWM controller has promise as a higher precision technique for spray applications, which will improve efficiency of pesticide application. especially in crop production areas. C1 [Lan, Yubin; Hoffmann, W. Clint; Fritz, Brad] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Huang, Yanbo] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Xue, Xinyu; Liang, Jian] NRIAM, Nanjing 210014, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Hang; Wu, Wenfu] Jilin Univ, Coll Biol & Agr Engn, Changchun 130022, Peoples R China. RP Lan, YB (reprint author), USDA ARS, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM Yubin.lan@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 8 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 41 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1672-6529 J9 J BIONIC ENG JI J. Bionic Eng. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 7 IS 3 BP 276 EP 283 DI 10.1016/S1672-6529(10)60251-X PG 8 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Biomaterials; Robotics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Robotics GA 667QN UT WOS:000283208800009 ER PT J AU Scudiero, L Morris, CF AF Scudiero, L. Morris, Craig F. TI Field emission scanning electron and atomic force microscopy, and Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization of near-isogenic soft and hard wheat kernels and corresponding flours SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Wheat; Kernel; Texture; Microscopy ID COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH; MICROBIAL SURFACES; MOLECULAR-GENETICS; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; ENDOSPERM BRICKS; STARCH; GRAIN; MICROSPECTROSCOPY; PUROINDOLINES; PROTEIN AB Secondary field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to investigate native near-isogenic soft and hard wheat kernels and their roller milled flours. FE SEM images of flat-polished interior endosperm indicated distinct differences between soft and hard wheats with less internal continuity in the soft wheat, whereas individual starch granules were much less evident in the hard kernel due to a more continuous matrix. AFM images revealed two different microstructures. The interior of the hard kernel had a granular texture with distinct individual spheroid features of 10-50 nm while the images obtained for the soft kernel revealed less distinct small grains and more larger features, possibly microstructural features of starch granules. Raman spectra resolved identical distinct frequencies for both kernel types with slightly different intensities between types. Finally, the chemical surface compositions of flour for these two types of kernels obtained by XPS provided subtle insight into the differences between soft and hard wheat kernels. These combined advanced microscopic and spectroscopic analyses provide additional insight into the differences between the soft and hard wheat kernels. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Morris, Craig F.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Scudiero, L.] Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Scudiero, L.] Washington State Univ, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Morris, CF (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, E-202 Food Sci & Human Nutr Facil E, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM scudiero@wsu.edu; morrisc@wsu.edu NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 32 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 52 IS 2 BP 136 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2010.04.005 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 657FP UT WOS:000282398900004 ER PT J AU Altenbach, SB Vensel, WH DuPont, FM AF Altenbach, Susan B. Vensel, William H. DuPont, Frances M. TI Integration of transcriptomic and proteomic data from a single wheat cultivar provides new tools for understanding the roles of individual alpha gliadin proteins in flour quality and celiac disease SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Expressed sequence tag; Gluten proteins; Tandem mass spectrometry; Wheat quality ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; WEIGHT GLUTENIN SUBUNITS; EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAGS; GENE FAMILY; T-CELLS; ELECTROPHORESIS; RECOGNIZE; EPITOPES; RICH; DNA AB The complement of alpha gliadins expressed in a single wheat cultivar was examined by assembling expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from Tritium aestivum cv. Butte 86. Twelve of 19 resulting contigs encoded complete proteins, but only two were identical to proteins reported previously. Eight contained various combinations of epitopes important in celiac disease (CD), while four lacked typical CD epitopes. One alpha gliadin contained an additional cysteine residue that could allow incorporation of the protein into glutenin polymers. In addition, two new types of alpha gliadins ending in GFFGTN and GIMSTN were identified. Based on the number of ESTs, genes encoding proteins that contained the greatest numbers of CD epitopes were expressed at the highest levels. Proteins corresponding to 12 contigs were distinguished in Butte 86 flour by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Unique peptide tags for individual alpha gliadins, including some that lack CD epitopes and the protein containing the extra cysteine, are reported. The ability to distinguish closely related alpha gliadins by MS/MS makes it possible to explore the roles of individual proteins in flour quality, better define relationships between specific proteins and celiac disease, and devise strategies to reduce the immunogenic potential of wheat flour for patients with CD. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Altenbach, Susan B.; Vensel, William H.; DuPont, Frances M.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Altenbach, SB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM susan.altenbach@ars.usda.gov OI Vensel, William/0000-0001-9454-2705 FU USDA Agricultural Research Service [5325-43000-026-00D] FX The authors thank Drs. Ann Blechl and Donald Kasarda for critical reading of the manuscript and Stacia Sloane for assistance in data analysis. This research was funded by USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS Project 5325-43000-026-00D. Mention of a specific product name by the United States Department of Agriculture does not constitute an endorsement and does not imply a recommendation over other suitable products. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 52 IS 2 BP 143 EP 151 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2010.04.006 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 657FP UT WOS:000282398900005 ER PT J AU Ohm, JB Klindworth, DL Hareland, GA Faris, JD Elias, EM Xu, SS AF Ohm, J. B. Klindworth, D. L. Hareland, G. A. Faris, J. D. Elias, E. M. Xu, S. S. TI Variation in kernel characteristics and protein molecular weight distribution of Langdon durum-wild emmer wheat chromosome substitution lines SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Durum; Wild emmer; Chromosome substitution; Grain protein content; Protein molecular weight distribution; Single kernel characteristics ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SIZE-EXCLUSION HPLC; L. VAR.-DICOCCOIDES; GRAIN PROTEIN; BREADMAKING QUALITY; POLYMERIC PROTEIN; TETRAPLOID WHEAT; FLOUR PROTEINS; BAKING QUALITY; BREAD WHEATS AB Triticum turgidum L var. dicoccoides (DIC) provides a useful source of genes to improve agronomic and quality characteristics of durum wheat. Research was performed to identify DIC chromosomes that carry useful genes for quality improvement. Langdon-T. dicoccoides substitution lines consisting of 13 lines based on DIC accession PI 481521, 10 lines on P1478742, and 2 lines on Israel A were evaluated for kernel characteristics and protein molecular weight distribution. DIC chromosomes 3A from PI 481521, and 1A and 7A from PI 478742 increased kernel hardness. Chromosome 2A from PI 481521 increased kernel weight, which resulted in increased semolina yield. Some substituted DIC chromosomes also affected grain protein concentration and protein molecular weight distribution. For example, chromosomes 2A, 5B, and 7B from PI 481521, and 6B from Israel A increased total protein concentration, which was primarily attributed to an increase of SDS soluble gliadins. Chromosome 6B from P1478742 was unique in that it led to an increase in SDS insoluble high molecular weight polymeric proteins, which contributed to increased dough mixing strength. Results from this research indicated that chromosome 6B from PI 478742 is a potential gene source to improve dough characteristics of durum wheat by increasing insoluble high molecular weight polymeric protein concentration. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ohm, J. B.; Klindworth, D. L.; Hareland, G. A.; Faris, J. D.; Xu, S. S.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Elias, E. M.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Xu, SS (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Cereal Crops Res Unit, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM steven.xu@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5442-43440-008-00D, 5442-22000-033-00D] FX The authors wish to thank Stan Stancyk for assistance with field plot maintenance, and Drs. Frank Manthey and Chao-Chien Jan for critical review of the manuscript. This material is based upon work supported by the USDA-ARS CRIS Project No. 5442-43440-008-00D and 5442-22000-033-00D. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 9 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 52 IS 2 BP 207 EP 214 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2010.05.007 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 657FP UT WOS:000282398900013 ER PT J AU Chen, F Zhang, FY Cheng, XY Morris, C Xu, HX Dong, ZD Zhan, KH Cui, DQ AF Chen, Feng Zhang, Fuyan Cheng, Xiyong Morris, Craig Xu, Haixia Dong, Zhongdong Zhan, Kehui Cui, Dangqun TI Association of Puroindoline b-B2 variants with grain traits, yield components and flag leaf size in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties of the Yellow and Huai Valleys of China SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bread wheat; Puroindoline gene; Puroindoline b-B2 gene; Grain yield traits ID MOLECULAR-GENETICS; SEQUENCE DIVERSITY; WINTER WHEATS; SPRING WHEATS; GENES; HARDNESS; ALLELES; QTL; ENVIRONMENTS; PREVALENCE AB A total of 169 wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties (landraces and cultivars) were used to asses the relationship between Puroindoline D1 alleles and Puroindoline b-B2 variants and grain hardness, other grain traits, yield components, and flag leaf size. Results indicated that the average SKCS hardness of Pinb-B2v3 varieties was significantly greater than that of Pinb-B2v2 varieties within the soft Puroindoline D1 haplotype sub-group. Conversely, no statistically significant difference was obtained for SKCS hardness between varieties with the Pinb-B2v3 vs. Pinb-B2v2 alleles within the two hard Puroindoline D1 haplotypes (Pinb-D1b and Pinb-D1p sub-groups). Therefore, the Puroindoline b-B2 gene may have a bigger impact on soft wheat varieties than hard. Across all varieties, thousand-kernel weight, grain weight per spike, grain diameter, grain number per spike, flag leaf width and area of Pinb-B2v3 varieties were significantly greater than those possessing Pinb-B2v2. These results indicated that the Pinb-B2v3 allele was associated with preferable grain yield traits compared to the Pinb-B2v2 allele in bread wheat. This study provides evocative information for better understanding the molecular and genetic basis of wheat grain yield. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Feng; Zhang, Fuyan; Cheng, Xiyong; Xu, Haixia; Dong, Zhongdong; Zhan, Kehui; Cui, Dangqun] Henan Agr Univ, Dept Agron, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. [Morris, Craig] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Food Sci & Human Nutr Facil E E202, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Cui, DQ (reprint author), Henan Agr Univ, Dept Agron, 95 Wenhua Rd, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. EM cdq62@sohu.com FU National 948 project of China [2010-Z21]; 973 project of China [2009CB118300]; 863 project of China [2006AA100102] FX This project was funded by the National 948 project (2010-Z21), 973 project (2009CB118300) and 863 project (2006AA100102) of China. NR 32 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 52 IS 2 BP 247 EP 253 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2010.06.001 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 657FP UT WOS:000282398900019 ER PT J AU Barros, F Alviola, JN Tilley, M Chen, YR Pierucci, VRM Rooney, LW AF Barros, F. Alviola, J. N. Tilley, M. Chen, Y. R. Pierucci, V. R. M. Rooney, L. W. TI Predicting hot-press wheat tortilla quality using flour, dough and gluten properties SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Wheat flour tortillas; Quality prediction; Texture analyzer ID TEXTURAL PROPERTIES; RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; BREAD QUALITY; WAXY WHEAT; PROTEIN; BREADMAKING; PERFORMANCE; EXTRACTION; SUBUNITS; STARCH AB A cost-effective, faster and efficient way of screening wheat samples suitable for tortilla production is needed. This research aimed to develop prediction models for tortilla quality (diameter, specific volume, color and texture parameters) using grain, flour and dough properties of 16 wheat flours. Another set of 18 samples was used to validate the models. The prediction models were developed using stepwise multiple regression. Dough rheological tests had higher correlations with tortilla quality than grain and flour chemical tests. Mixograph mixing time and dough resistance to extension (from extensibility test using a texture analyzer) were correlated best with tortilla quality, particularly tortilla diameter (r = -0.87 and -0.86 respectively, P < 0.01). Insoluble polymeric proteins (IPP) and gluten index were significantly correlated with tortilla diameter (r = -0.70 and -0.67 respectively, P < 0.01) and specific volume (r = -0.73, P < 0.01). Tortilla diameter was the quality parameter best explained (R(2) = 0.86) by the prediction models using mixing time and dough resistance to extension. Rheological parameters such as rupture distance and maximum force were also successfully predicted. These prediction models, developed from linear equations, will be an easy and fast tool for breeders to advance or eliminate wheat lines specifically bred for tortilla production. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Barros, F.; Alviola, J. N.; Rooney, L. W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Cereal Qual Lab, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Tilley, M.; Chen, Y. R.] USDA ARS Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Pierucci, V. R. M.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Barros, F (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Cereal Qual Lab, 370 Olsen Blvd, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM fredbarros@tamu.edu FU Texas Wheat Producers Board; Texas A&M AgriLife Research FX We sincerely thank the Wheat Quality Council for the wheat samples used in this study, and for allowing us to use their 2007 and 2008 data. We gratefully acknowledge the various suppliers for the ingredients, and the Texas Wheat Producers Board and Texas A&M AgriLife Research for the financial support. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 52 IS 2 BP 288 EP 294 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2010.06.009 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 657FP UT WOS:000282398900026 ER PT J AU Xu, SS Khan, K Klindworth, DL Nygard, G AF Xu, S. S. Khan, K. Klindworth, D. L. Nygard, G. TI Evaluation and characterization of high-molecular weight 1D glutenin subunits from Aegilops tauschii in synthetic hexaploid wheats SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Aegilops tauschii; Durum wheat; Synthetic hexaploid wheat; Glutenin; Urea/SDS-PAGE ID TRITICUM-TAUSCHII; GLIADINS; GENES AB The high-molecular weight (HMW) glutenin subunits of bread wheat are major determinants of end-use quality. The objective of this study was to determine the 1Dx and 1Dy subunits present in 43 synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW) lines derived by crossing durum 'Langdon' to 43 Aegilops tauschii accessions. Protein samples were initially electrophoresed multiple times on SDS-PAGE gels to arrange subunits into similar groups and then were electrophoresed on urea/SDS-PAGE gels. Initial results with SDS-PAGE gels indicated that there were six 1Dx and six 1Dy subunits in these SHW lines. However, results of the urea/SDS-PAGE indicated that some of the subunit groups could be further differentiated into additional subunits. A total of eleven 1Dx and eight 1Dy subunits including the newly designated subunits 1Dx2(t)-1, 1Dx2(t)-2, 1Dx2(t)-3, 1Dx1.5(t)-1, 1Dx2.1(t)-1, 1Dy10(t)-1, and 1Dy12(t)-1 were identified, and they composed 17 1Dx and 1Dy combinations in the SHW lines. Eight of the combinations included at least one novel subunit and hence they were novel Glu-D1 alleles. Our results indicated that urea/SDS-PAGE can be very useful in identifying new HMW glutenin subunits. Quality testing of the SHW lines will determine if any of the alleles are useful in improving wheat-baking quality. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Xu, S. S.; Klindworth, D. L.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Khan, K.; Nygard, G.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Cereal & Food Sci, Dept 7640, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Xu, SS (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM steven.xu@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 52 IS 2 BP 333 EP 336 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2010.05.004 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 657FP UT WOS:000282398900034 ER PT J AU Spikes, AE Paschen, MA Millar, JG Moreira, JA Hamel, PB Schiff, NM Ginzel, MD AF Spikes, Annie E. Paschen, Matthew A. Millar, Jocelyn G. Moreira, Jardel A. Hamel, Paul B. Schiff, Nathan M. Ginzel, Matthew D. TI First Contact Pheromone Identified for a Longhorned Beetle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in the Subfamily Prioninae SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mallodon dasystomus; Mating behavior; Contact pheromone; Chemoreception; Sex pheromone; Solid phase microextraction ID SEX-PHEROMONE; MATE RECOGNITION; CALLING BEHAVIOR; HOST-PLANT; COMPONENT; BORER AB Little is known of the reproductive behavior of longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in the subfamily Prioninae. Mallodon dasystomus (Say), the hardwood stump borer, is a widely distributed prionine that is native to the southern U.S. Here, we explored the chemically-mediated mating behavior of M. dasystomus, and tested the hypothesis that males recognize females by a contact pheromone. In mating bioassays, all males tested attempted to mate with females only after contacting females with their antennae. Moreover, all males attempted to mate with solvent-washed dead females treated with as little as 0.15 +/- 0.03 female equivalents of conspecific cuticular extracts, confirming that compounds on the cuticle of females are essential for mate recognition. Cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of females contained 13 compounds that were not present in profiles of males. Among the female-specific compounds, two co-dominant methyl-branched alkanes, 2-methylhexacosane (2Me-C(26)) and 2-methyloctacosane (2Me-C(28)), accounted for 17% of the total hydrocarbons. Our strategy for identifying the contact pheromone was to synthesize and test the bioactivity of female specific compounds, starting with the most abundant. In bioassays, males displayed mating behavior in response to synthetic 2Me-C(26) and 2Me-C(28) when tested individually. Furthermore, when these compounds were tested in combination, they elicited the full progression of mating behaviors, suggesting that 2Me-C(26) and 2Me-C(28) make up the contact pheromone. These findings are further evidence of the critical role of contact pheromones in mating systems of longhorned beetles. C1 [Spikes, Annie E.; Paschen, Matthew A.; Ginzel, Matthew D.] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Millar, Jocelyn G.; Moreira, Jardel A.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Hamel, Paul B.; Schiff, Nathan M.] US Forest Serv, So Hardwoods Lab, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Ginzel, MD (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM mginzel@purdue.edu FU Purdue University Department of Entomology; USDA Forest Service [08-JV-11330127-076]; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Lower Mississippi Valley Joint Venture) [06-IA-11330127-189, 07-IA-11330127-171] FX We thank Corey Wilkins and Aaron Lancaster for assistance rearing the beetles and Jonathan Larson for assistance in conducting bioassays. We appreciate funding support from Purdue University Department of Entomology, the USDA Forest Service (agreement no. 08-JV-11330127-076), and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Lower Mississippi Valley Joint Venture, Agreement no. 06-IA-11330127-189, managed by Bill Uihlein), and Southeast Region (Agreement no. 07-IA-11330127-171, managed by Janet Ertel). We are grateful to the following individuals and their institutions for permission to work on their lands and logistical support collecting beetles: Ralph Pearce, Delta National Forest; Martin Blaney, David Luker, and Andy VanHorn, Arkansas Game and Fish Commission; RodneyWishard, Mike Staten, and Gene Holland, Anderson-Tully Company; David Linden, Yazoo National Wildlife Refuge and Becky Rosamond, Dahomey National Wildlife Refuge. This work was in partial fulfillment of an MS degree for A. E. S. from Purdue University. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 36 IS 9 BP 943 EP 954 DI 10.1007/s10886-010-9837-8 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 652AG UT WOS:000281971400003 PM 20697784 ER PT J AU Register, KB Nicholson, TL Guthrie, JL AF Register, Karen B. Nicholson, Tracy L. Guthrie, J. L. TI Evaluation of Specificity of BP3385 for Bordetella pertussis Detection SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PCR ASSAY; BRONCHISEPTICA; IDENTIFICATION; AVIUM; GENE AB BP3385 has been proposed as a diagnostic PCR target for discriminating between Bordetella pertussis and other Bordetella species that also infect humans. Our results demonstrate that this gene is also present in some strains of Bordetella hinzii and Bordetella bronchiseptica. C1 [Register, Karen B.; Nicholson, Tracy L.] ARS, Resp Dis Livestock Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Guthrie, J. L.] Ontario Agcy Hlth Protect & Promot, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Register, KB (reprint author), ARS, Resp Dis Livestock Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 70,1920 Dayton Rd, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM karen.register@ars.usda.gov OI Guthrie, Jennifer/0000-0001-8565-203X NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 48 IS 9 BP 3334 EP 3337 DI 10.1128/JCM.00945-10 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 645QZ UT WOS:000281480400045 PM 20631116 ER PT J AU Huang, W Siemann, E Wheeler, GS Zou, JW Carrillo, J Ding, JQ AF Huang, Wei Siemann, Evan Wheeler, Gregory S. Zou, Jianwen Carrillo, Juli Ding, Jianqing TI Resource allocation to defence and growth are driven by different responses to generalist and specialist herbivory in an invasive plant SO JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biological control; Chinese tallow; Cnidocampa flavescens; evolution of increased competitive ability; Gadirtha inexacta; invasion ecology; resistance; tolerance ID INCREASED COMPETITIVE ABILITY; TREE SAPIUM-SEBIFERUM; CHINESE TALLOW TREE; INSECT HERBIVORES; NATIVE HERBIVORES; NATURAL ENEMIES; INTRODUCED POPULATIONS; BIOTIC RESISTANCE; EICA HYPOTHESIS; NO EVIDENCE AB P>1. Invasive plants often have novel biotic interactions in their introduced ranges. These interactions, including less frequent herbivore attacks, may convey a competitive advantage over native plants. Invasive plants may vary in defence strategies (resistance vs. tolerance) or in response to the type of herbivore (generalists vs. specialists), but no study to date has examined this broad set of traits simultaneously. 2. Here, we examined resistance and tolerance of Chinese tallow (Triadica sebifera) populations from the introduced and native ranges to generalist (Cnidocampa flavescens) and specialist herbivores (Gadirtha inexacta) in the native range. 3. In a field common-garden test of resistance, caterpillars of each species were raised on plants from native and invasive populations. We found the specialist grew larger on and consumed more mass of invasive plant populations than native populations, while the generalist showed the same performance between them. The results were consistent with our laboratory bioassay using excised leaves. Chemical analyses showed that the invasive plants had lower tannin content and higher ratio of carbohydrate to protein than those of their native counterparts, suggesting that plants from invasive populations have altered chemistry that has a larger impact on specialist than on generalist resistance. 4. To test for differences in herbivore tolerance, plants were first defoliated by specialist or generalist herbivory and then allowed to regrow for 100 days in a field common garden. We found that plants from invasive populations had greater herbivore tolerance than native populations, especially for tolerance to generalists. They also grew more rapidly than native counterparts in the absence of herbivory. 5. Synthesis. The results of these experiments indicate that differences in selective pressures between ranges have caused dramatic reductions in resistance to specialist herbivores and those changes in plant secondary chemistry likely underlie these differences. The greater tolerance of invasive populations to herbivory appears to at least partly reflect an increase in growth rate in the introduced range. The greater tolerance to generalist herbivores suggests the intriguing possibility of selection for traits that allow plants to tolerate generalist herbivores more than specialist herbivores. C1 [Huang, Wei; Ding, Jianqing] Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Bot Inst, Wuhan Bot Garden, Key Lab Aquat Bot & Watershed Ecol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Huang, Wei] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Siemann, Evan; Carrillo, Juli] Rice Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Wheeler, Gregory S.] ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Zou, Jianwen] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Resources & Environm Sci, Nanjing 210095, Peoples R China. RP Ding, JQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Bot Inst, Wuhan Bot Garden, Key Lab Aquat Bot & Watershed Ecol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. EM dingjianqing@yahoo.com RI ZOU, JIANWEN/B-3059-2012 FU Chinese Academy of Sciences; US National Science Foundation [DEB 0820560]; Department of Environmental Protection, Florida [TA 033]; NSF FX We thank Hongjun Dai, Yi Wang, Xinmin Lu, Shunliang Feng and Juan Yan for their assistance in laboratory and field work. We are grateful for comments by the Handling Editor and two anonymous referees that improved the early version of this manuscript. This study was supported by the 100 Talent Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (to J.D.), the US National Science Foundation (DEB 0820560 to E.S.), the Department of Environmental Protection, Florida (TA 033 to G.W.), an NSF pre-doctoral fellowship (J.C.), and the foreign visiting professorship of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (to E.S.). NR 59 TC 63 Z9 67 U1 6 U2 108 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-0477 J9 J ECOL JI J. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 98 IS 5 BP 1157 EP 1167 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2010.01704.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 635PD UT WOS:000280667200019 ER PT J AU Allred, BJ Smith, BD AF Allred, Barry J. Smith, Bruce D. TI Introduction to the JEEG Agricultural Geophysics Special Issue SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Allred, Barry J.] USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Smith, Bruce D.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. RP Allred, BJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, 590 Woody Hayes Dr,Room 234, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM Barry.Allred@ars.usda.gov; bsmith@usgs.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICAL SOC PI DENVER PA 1720 SOUTH BELLAIRE, STE 110, DENVER, CO 80222-433 USA SN 1083-1363 J9 J ENVIRON ENG GEOPH JI J. Environ. Eng. Geophys. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 15 IS 3 SI SI BP V EP VI PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Geological SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering GA 654HP UT WOS:000282159400001 ER PT J AU Doolittle, J Dobos, R Peaslee, S Waltman, S Benham, E Tuttle, W AF Doolittle, James Dobos, Robert Peaslee, Steve Waltman, Sharon Benham, Ellis Tuttle, Wes TI Revised Ground-Penetrating Radar Soil Suitability Maps SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The United States Department of Agriculture-Natural Resources Conservation Service (USDA-NRCS) recently revised its ground-penetrating radar (GPR) soil suitability maps (GPRSSM). These maps, which have been prepared for most areas of the USA at different scales and levels of resolution, show the relative suitability of soils for GPR soil investigations. These digital maps are based on physical and chemical properties of approximately 22,000 different soils. The smaller scale (1:250,000) Ground-Penetrating Radar Soil Suitability Map of the Conterminous United States shows the relative suitability of soils to GPR within major soil and physiographic areas. The larger scale (1:12,000 to 1:63,360) state ground-penetrating radar soil suitability maps duplicate the scale and level of detail of the original soil survey maps. GPR soil suitability maps have been used to evaluate the relative appropriateness of using GPR, select the most suitable antennas, and assess the need and level of data processing. Limitations of these maps are discussed and examples of radar records collected in soils having different GPR suitability indices are presented. C1 [Doolittle, James] USDA, NRCS, NSSC, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Dobos, Robert; Peaslee, Steve; Benham, Ellis] USDA, NRCS, NSSC, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. [Waltman, Sharon] USDA, NRCS, NSSC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Tuttle, Wes] USDA, NRCS, NSSC, Wilkesboro, NC 28697 USA. RP Doolittle, J (reprint author), USDA, NRCS, NSSC, 11 Campus Blvd,Suite 200, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. EM jim.doolittle@lin.usda.gov NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICAL SOC PI DENVER PA 1720 SOUTH BELLAIRE, STE 110, DENVER, CO 80222-433 USA SN 1083-1363 J9 J ENVIRON ENG GEOPH JI J. Environ. Eng. Geophys. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 15 IS 3 SI SI BP 111 EP 118 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Geological SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering GA 654HP UT WOS:000282159400003 ER PT J AU Allred, BJ Redman, JD AF Allred, Barry J. Redman, J. David TI Location of Agricultural Drainage Pipes and Assessment of Agricultural Drainage Pipe Conditions Using Ground Penetrating Radar SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GEOPHYSICAL METHODS; WATER-CONTENT AB Methods are needed to not only locate buried agricultural drainage pipe, but to also determine if the pipes are functioning properly with respect to water delivery. The primary focus of this research project was to confirm the ability of ground penetrating radar (GPR) to locate buried drainage pipe, and then determine if GPR provides insight into drain line water conveyance functionality. Ground penetrating radar surveys using 250 MHz transmitter/receiver antennas were conducted at a specially designed test plot under drained, moderately wet soil conditions (water table below drain lines) and undrained, extremely wet soil conditions (water table above drain lines). The test plot contained four drain lines: one a clay tile to corrugated plastic tubing (CPT) drain line that was completely open to flow; one comprised of CPT with an isolated obstruction near the midpoint, completely preventing through-flow of water; one comprised of CPT but filled with soil; and one comprised of CPT but severed near its midpoint, producing a partial obstruction to water flow. Subsequent GPR computer modeling simulations were employed to assist with interpretation of the GPR field data. Results of the GPR field surveys indicate that given suitable shallow hydrologic conditions. GPR not only finds drainage pipes, but can also determine the position along a drain line where there: is an isolated obstruction that completely blocks water flow. However, results show that a partial pipe obstruction is difficult to locate using GPR. Surprisingly, the soil-filled drain line was clearly detectable under both soil hydrologic conditions tested. The GPR computer modeling simulations indicate that soil had likely settled within the pipe, and that the GPR responses obtained at the test plot for the soil-filled pipe were responses representative of a pipe that was in fact only partially filled with soil. Overall, these research results provide valuable information for those contemplating the use of GPR to locate agricultural drainage pipes and then determine their functionality. C1 [Allred, Barry J.] USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Redman, J. David] Sensors & Software Inc, Mississauga, ON L4W 2X8, Canada. RP Allred, BJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, 590 Woody Hayes Dr,Room 234, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM barry.allred@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 15 PU ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICAL SOC PI DENVER PA 1720 SOUTH BELLAIRE, STE 110, DENVER, CO 80222-433 USA SN 1083-1363 J9 J ENVIRON ENG GEOPH JI J. Environ. Eng. Geophys. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 15 IS 3 SI SI BP 119 EP 134 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Geological SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering GA 654HP UT WOS:000282159400004 ER PT J AU Sudduth, KA Kitchen, NR Myers, DB Drummond, ST AF Sudduth, Kenneth A. Kitchen, Newell R. Myers, D. Brenton Drummond, Scott T. TI Mapping Depth to Argillic Soil Horizons Using Apparent Electrical Conductivity SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION MEASUREMENTS; PRECISION AGRICULTURE; SALINITY; SENSOR; EM38DD; LOESS AB Maps of apparent electrical conductivity (EC(a)) of the soil profile are widely used in precision agriculture. A number of EC(a) sensors are commercially available, each with a unique response function (i.e., the relative contribution of soil at each depth to the integrated EC(a) reading). Our past research estimated depth to an argillic horizon (i.e., topsoil depth. TD) on claypan soils by fitting empirical equations to EC(a) sensor data. The objective of this research was to determine if TD estimates could be improved by combining data from multiple EC(a) sensors and by solving for TD by inverting a two-layer soil model incorporating instrument response functions. Data were obtained with three sensors having five different EC(a) depth-response functions (Veris 3150*, Geonics EM38 vertical dipole mode, and DUALEM-2S) on two Missouri claypan-soil fields. Soil cores obtained in each field provided measured TD data for calibration and validation. Using a numerical optimization approach, response-function models were developed for EC(a) variables individually and in combination. Similarly, linear regression was applied to single and multiple variables. Root mean square error of validation (RMSE(v)) of single-variable TD estimates was 22 to 25 cm, with better results for those variables with moderately deep EC(a) response functions. Results from the model-based approach were very similar to those obtained by regressing TD on EC(a)(-1). The best calibrations using multiple variables in model inversion or regression were somewhat better than those using single variables, with RMSE(v) of 22 cm and 20 cm, respectively. For all approaches, highest TD errors were localized to one area of one field, possibly because soils in this area violated the model assumption of spatially homogeneous soil layer conductivity. Although these calibrations are sufficiently accurate to be useful in TD mapping, a model solution allowing layer conductivities to vary spatially should be investigated for possible improvements. C1 [Sudduth, Kenneth A.; Kitchen, Newell R.; Drummond, Scott T.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Myers, D. Brenton] Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Sudduth, KA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Ken.Sudduth@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 12 PU ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICAL SOC PI DENVER PA 1720 SOUTH BELLAIRE, STE 110, DENVER, CO 80222-433 USA SN 1083-1363 J9 J ENVIRON ENG GEOPH JI J. Environ. Eng. Geophys. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 15 IS 3 SI SI BP 135 EP 146 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Geological SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering GA 654HP UT WOS:000282159400005 ER PT J AU Corwin, DL Lesch, SM Segal, E Skaggs, TH Bradford, SA AF Corwin, Dennis L. Lesch, Scott M. Segal, Eran Skaggs, Todd H. Bradford, Scott A. TI Comparison of Sampling Strategies for Characterizing Spatial Variability with Apparent Soil Electrical Conductivity Directed Soil Sampling SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION TECHNIQUES; MULTIPLE LINEAR-REGRESSION; PREDICTION; DESIGN; MODEL; MANAGEMENT; VARIOGRAM; OPTIMIZATION; AGRICULTURE; ALGORITHM AB Spatial variability has a profound influence on a variety of landscape-scale agricultural issues including solute transport in the vadose zone, soil quality assessment, and site-specific crop management. Directed soil sampling based on geospatial measurements of apparent soil electrical conductivity (EC(a)) is a potential means of characterizing the spatial variability of any soil property that influences EC(a) including soil salinity, water content, texture, bulk density, organic matter, and cation exchange capacity. Arguably the most significant step in the protocols for characterizing spatial variability with EC(a)-directed soil sampling is the statistical sampling design, which consists of two potential approaches: model- and design-based sampling strategies such as response surface sampling. design (RSSD) and stratified random sampling design (SRSD), respectively. The primary objective of this study was to compare model- and design-based sampling strategies to evaluate if one sampling strategy outperformed the other or if both strategies were equal in performance. Using three different model validation tests, the regression equation estimated from the RSSD data produced accurate and unbiased predictions of the natural log salinity levels at the independently chosen SRSD sites. Design optimality scores (i.e., D-, V-, and G-optimality criteria) indicate that the use of the RSSD design should facilitate the estimation of a more accurate regression model, i.e., the RSSD approach should allow for better model discrimination, more precise parameter estimates, and smaller prediction variances. Even though a model-based sampling design, such as RSSD, has been less prevalent in the literature, it is concluded from the comparison that there is no reason to refrain from its use and in fact warrants equal consideration. C1 [Corwin, Dennis L.; Skaggs, Todd H.; Bradford, Scott A.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Lesch, Scott M.] Riverside Publ Util Resource Div, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. RP Corwin, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM Dennis.Corwin@ars.usda.gov NR 57 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 19 PU ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICAL SOC PI DENVER PA 1720 SOUTH BELLAIRE, STE 110, DENVER, CO 80222-433 USA SN 1083-1363 J9 J ENVIRON ENG GEOPH JI J. Environ. Eng. Geophys. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 15 IS 3 SI SI BP 147 EP 162 PG 16 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Geological SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering GA 654HP UT WOS:000282159400006 ER PT J AU Eigenberg, RA Woodbury, BL Nienaber, JA Spiehs, MJ Parker, DB Varel, VH AF Eigenberg, Roger A. Woodbury, Bryan L. Nienaber, John A. Spiehs, Mindy J. Parker, David B. Varel, Vince H. TI Soil Conductivity and Multiple Linear Regression for Precision Monitoring of Beef Feedlot Manure and Runoff SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION TECHNIQUES; SPATIAL PREDICTION; NUTRIENT; SURFACE AB Open-lot cattle feeding operations face challenges in control of nutrient runoff, leaching, and gaseous emissions. This report investigates the use of precision management of saline soils as found on 1) feedlot surfaces and 2) a vegetative treatment area (VTA) utilized to control feedlot runoff. An electromagnetic induction soil conductivity meter was used to collect apparent soil electrical conductivity (EC(a)) from feedlot pens and a research VTA at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska. An EC(e) Sampling Assessment and Prediction (ESAP) program, developed by the Soil Salinity Lab at Riverside, California was used to analyze feedlot pens and the VTA. The program directed soil sample site locations and produced models associating EC(a) to volatile solids (VS) and chloride (Cl(-), an indicator ion for feedlot runoff). Results from the feedlot site for two pens with differing management styles indicate positive correlations between EC(a) and associated VS (R(2) = 0.90, soil mound pen; R(2) = 0.65, manure mound pen). Chloride was found to be associated with EC(a) for the VTA (R(2) = 0.81). The ESA P program provided estimates of the secondary variable distribution across the VTA and feedlot pens based on soil sample data combined with high density soil conductivity (EC(a)) data. The methodology outlined in this research will be useful for identifying areas of excessive nutrient buildup on feedlots and runoff control areas, thereby allowing for site-specific management, improvement of system performance, and sustainability while reducing nutrient losses to the environment. C1 [Eigenberg, Roger A.; Woodbury, Bryan L.; Nienaber, John A.; Spiehs, Mindy J.; Varel, Vince H.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Parker, David B.] W Texas A&M Univ, Dept Agr Sci, Canyon, TX 79016 USA. RP Eigenberg, RA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM roger.eigenberg@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICAL SOC PI DENVER PA 1720 SOUTH BELLAIRE, STE 110, DENVER, CO 80222-433 USA SN 1083-1363 J9 J ENVIRON ENG GEOPH JI J. Environ. Eng. Geophys. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 15 IS 3 SI SI BP 175 EP 184 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Geological SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering GA 654HP UT WOS:000282159400008 ER PT J AU Woodbury, BL Eigenberg, RA Nienaber, JA Spiehs, MJ AF Woodbury, Bryan L. Eigenberg, Roger A. Nienaber, John A. Spiehs, Mindy J. TI Soil-Crop Dynamic Depth Response Determined from TDR of a Corn Silage Field Compared to EMI Measurements SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; MANURE APPLICATION; CATTLE MANURE; WATER CONTENT; TRANSPORT; ACCUMULATION; TEMPERATURE; RUNOFF AB Electromagnetic induction (EMI) techniques have been used to monitor bulk seasonal soil-crop apparent electrical conductivity (EC(a)) dynamics. Interpreting this information can be complicated by changes in the soil profile such as water content or nutrient leaching. Time domain reflectometry (TDR) measures localized soil EC; therefore, TDR can provide clarification to where in the soil profile the EC changes are taking place. The objective of this study was to determine whether surface or deep EC changes were driving the response measured by EMI during the crop season of a field amended with animal manure. Results indicate that seasonal soil-crop EC dynamics measured by EMI are primarily driven by surface (<0.2 m) changes as opposed to deeper (>0.9 m) changes. These changes appear to be the result of surface ionic dynamics caused by crop-soil interactions and not soil volumetric water content (theta(v)), since no significant correlations were detected between theta(v) and EC(a) for any treatment, depth or dipole orientation. These findings are consistent with others who reported the EMI signal was driven primarily by changes in nitrate concentration and not by soil water content. The results of this study clarify our understanding of the soil dynamics that drive the EC(a) response of a manure amended field. The ability to non-intrusively measure nutrient mineralization and crop uptake provides researchers with a powerful tool for understanding soil-crop interactions. Understanding the soil-crop dynamic will facilitate development of management practices for amending soil with manure while protecting the environment from unintended contamination. C1 [Woodbury, Bryan L.; Eigenberg, Roger A.; Nienaber, John A.; Spiehs, Mindy J.] USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Woodbury, BL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166,State Spur 18D, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM bryan.woodbury@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICAL SOC PI DENVER PA 1720 SOUTH BELLAIRE, STE 110, DENVER, CO 80222-433 USA SN 1083-1363 J9 J ENVIRON ENG GEOPH JI J. Environ. Eng. Geophys. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 15 IS 3 SI SI BP 185 EP 202 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Geological SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering GA 654HP UT WOS:000282159400009 ER PT J AU Halvorson, AD Del Grosso, SJ Alluvione, F AF Halvorson, Ardell D. Del Grosso, Stephen J. Alluvione, Francesco TI Nitrogen Source Effects on Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Irrigated No-Till Corn SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID CROPPING SYSTEMS; FERTILIZER MANAGEMENT; METHANE OXIDATION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; FLUXES; SOILS; COLORADO AB Nitrogen fertilization is essential for optimizing crop yields; however, it may potentially increase nitrous oxide (N(2)O) emissions. The study objective was to assess the ability of commercially available enhanced-efficiency N fertilizers to reduce N(2)O emissions following their application in comparison with conventional dry granular urea and liquid urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN) fertilizers in an irrigated no-rill (NT) corn (Zea mays L.) production system. Four enhanced-efficiency fertilizers were evaluated: two polymer-coated urea products (ESN and Duration III) and two fertilizers containing nitrification and urease inhibitors (SuperU and UAN+AgrotainPlus). Nitrous oxide fluxes were measured during two growing seasons using static, vented chambers and a gas chromatograph analyzer. Enhanced-efficiency fertilizers significantly reduced growing-season N(2)O-N emissions in comparison with urea, including UAN. SuperU and UAN+AgrotainPlus had significantly lower N(2)O-N emissions than VAN. Compared with urea, SuperU reduced N(2)O-N emissions 48%, ESN 34%, Duration III 31%, UAN 27%, and UAN+AgrotainPlus 53% averaged over 2 yr. Compared with UAN, UAN+AgrotainPlus reduced N(2)O emissions 35% and SuperU 29% averaged over 2 yr. The N(2)O-N loss as a percentage of N applied was 0.3% for urea, with all other N sources having significantly lower losses. Grain production was not reduced by the use of alternative N sources. This work shows that enhanced-efficiency N fertilizers can potentially reduce N(2)O-N emissions without affecting yields from irrigated NT corn systems in the semiarid central Great Plains. C1 [Halvorson, Ardell D.; Del Grosso, Stephen J.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Alluvione, Francesco] Univ Turin, Dep Agron Forestry & Land Management, I-10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy. RP Halvorson, AD (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Ste 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM ardell.halvorson@ars.usda.gov FU Plant Nutrition Institute's Foundation for Agronomic Research (with Agrium Inc., Calgary, AB, and Agrotain International, St. Louis, MO); Agrium Advanced Technologies (Sylacauga, AL); Agricultural Research Service; International Plant Nutrition Institute's Foundation for Agronomic Research FX The authors thank C. Reule, M. Smith, B. Floyd, P. Norris, R. D'Adamo, S. Skiles, and ARDEC staff for their technical assistance in plot establishment and maintenance, data collection, and analyses. The authors thank the International Plant Nutrition Institute's Foundation for Agronomic Research (with support from Agrium Inc., Calgary, AB, and Agrotain International, St. Louis, MO) and Agrium Advanced Technologies (Sylacauga, AL) for providing product and financial support of this project. This publication is based on work supported by the Agricultural Research Service under the GRACEnet Project. NR 25 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 33 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 39 IS 5 BP 1554 EP 1562 DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0041 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 646WQ UT WOS:000281575600003 PM 21043261 ER PT J AU Malone, RW Jaynes, DB Ma, L Nolan, BT Meek, DW Karlen, DL AF Malone, R. W. Jaynes, D. B. Ma, L. Nolan, B. T. Meek, D. W. Karlen, D. L. TI Soil-Test N Recommendations Augmented with PEST-Optimized RZWQM Simulations SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID NITROGEN-FERTILIZER; SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE; WATER-QUALITY; NITRATE LOSS; CROP PRODUCTION; CORN RESPONSE; UNITED-STATES; WEATHER DATA; MANAGEMENT; LOSSES AB Improved understanding of year-to-year late-spring soil nitrate test (LSNT) variability could help make it more attractive to producers. We test the ability of the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM) to simulate watershed-scale variability due to the LSNT, and we use the optimized model to simulate long-term field N dynamics under related conditions. Autoregressive techniques and the automatic parameter calibration program PEST were used to show that RZWQM simulates significantly lower nitrate concentration in discharge from LSNT treatments compared with areas receiving fall N fertilizer applications within the rile-drained Walnut Creek, Iowa, watershed (>5 mg N L-1 difference for the third year of the treatment, 1999). This result is similar to field-measured data from a paired watershed experiment. A statistical model we developed using RZWQM simulations from 1970 to 2005 shows that early-season precipitation and early-season temperature account for 90% of the interannual variation in LSNT-based fertilizer N rates. Long-term simulations with similar average N application rates for corn (Zea mays L.) (151 kg N ha(-1)) show annual average N loss in rile flow of 20.4, 22.2, and 27.3 kg N ha(-1) for LSNT, single spring, and single fall N applications. These results suggest that (i) RZWQM is a promising tool to accurately estimate the water quality, effects of LSNT;, (ii) the majority of N loss difference between LSNT and fall applications is because more N remains in the root zone for crop uptake; and (iii) year-to-year LSNT-based N rate differences are mainly due to variation in early-season precipitation and temperature. C1 [Malone, R. W.; Jaynes, D. B.; Meek, D. W.; Karlen, D. L.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA USA. [Ma, L.] USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Nolan, B. T.] USGS, Reston, VA USA. RP Malone, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA USA. EM rob.malone@ars.usda.gov NR 54 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 39 IS 5 BP 1711 EP 1723 DI 10.2134/jeq2009.0425 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 646WQ UT WOS:000281575600018 PM 21043276 ER PT J AU Harmel, RD Slade, RM Haney, RL AF Harmel, R. D. Slade, R. M., Jr. Haney, R. L. TI Impact of Sampling Techniques on Measured Stormwater Quality Data for Small Streams SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SMALL WATERSHEDS; STRATEGIES; SEDIMENT; UNCERTAINTY; PHOSPHORUS; RUNOFF; LOADS; GRAB AB Science-based sampling methodologies are needed to enhance water quality characterization for setting appropriate water quality standards, developing Total Maximum Daily Loads, and managing nonpoint source pollution. Storm event sampling, which is vital for adequate assessment of water quality in small (wadeable) streams, is typically conducted by manual grab or integrated sampling or with an automated sampler. Although it is typically assumed that samples from a single point adequately represent mean cross-sectional concentrations, especially for dissolved constituents, this assumption of well-mixed conditions has received limited evaluation. Similarly, the impact of temporal (within-storm) concentration variability is rarely considered. Therefore, this study evaluated differences in stormwater quality measured in small streams with several common sampling techniques, which in essence evaluated within-channel and within-storm concentration variability. Constituent concentrations from manual grab samples and from integrated samples were compared for 31 events, then concentrations were also compared for seven events with automated sample collection. Comparison of sampling techniques indicated varying degrees of concentration variability within channel cross sections for both dissolved and particulate constituents, which is contrary to common assumptions of substantial variability in particulate concentrations and of minimal variability in dissolved concentrations. Results also indicated the potential for substantial within-storm (temporal) concentration variability for both dissolved and particulate constituents. Thus, failing to account for potential cross-sectional and temporal concentration variability in stormwater monitoring projects can introduce additional uncertainty in measured water quality data. C1 [Harmel, R. D.; Haney, R. L.] USDA ARS, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Slade, R. M., Jr.] Austin Community Coll, USGS, Austin, TX 78753 USA. RP Harmel, RD (reprint author), USDA ARS, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM daren.harmel@ars.usda.gov RI Harmel, Daren/L-5162-2013 NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 39 IS 5 BP 1734 EP 1742 DI 10.2134/jeq2009.0498 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 646WQ UT WOS:000281575600020 PM 21043278 ER PT J AU Verbree, DA Duiker, SW Kleinman, PJA AF Verbree, David A. Duiker, Sjoerd W. Kleinman, Peter J. A. TI Runoff Losses of Sediment and Phosphorus from No-Till and Cultivated Soils Receiving Dairy Manure SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID 2 AGRICULTURAL HILLSLOPES; LONG-TERM TILLAGE; CENTRAL OHIO SOIL; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; SIMULATED RAINFALL; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; SURFACE; MANAGEMENT; EROSION; WATER AB Managing manure in no-till systems is a water quality concern because surface application of manure can enrich runoff with dissolved phosphorus (P), and incorporation by tillage increases particulate P loss. This study compared runoff from well-drained and somewhat poorly drained soils under corn (Zea mays, L.) production that had been in no-till for more than 10 yr. Dairy cattle (Bos taurus L.) manure was broadcast into a fall planted cover crop before no-till corn planting or incorporated by chisel/disk tillage in the absence of a cover crop. Rainfall simulations (60 mm h(-1)) were performed after planting, mid-season, and post-harvest in 2007 and 2008. In both years and on both soils, no-till yielded significantly less sediment than did chisel/disking. Relative effects of tillage on runoff and P loss differed with soil. On the well-drained soil, runoff depths from no-till were much lower than with chisel/disking, producing significantly lower total P loads (22-50% less). On the somewhat poorly drained soil, there was little to no reduction in runoff depth with no-till, and total P loads were significantly greater than with chisel/disking (40-47% greater). Particulate P losses outweighed dissolved P losses as the major concern on the well-drained soil, whereas dissolved P from surface applied manure was more important on the somewhat poorly drained soil. This study confirms the benefit of no-till to erosion and total P runoff control on well-drained soils but highlights trade-offs in no-till management on somewhat poorly drained soils where the absence of manure incorporation can exacerbate total P losses. C1 [Duiker, Sjoerd W.] Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Verbree, David A.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Kleinman, Peter J. A.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Duiker, SW (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 116 ASI Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM sduiker@psu.edu NR 56 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 39 IS 5 BP 1762 EP 1770 DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0032 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 646WQ UT WOS:000281575600023 PM 21043281 ER PT J AU Wang, D Gao, S Qin, R Browne, G AF Wang, D. Gao, S. Qin, R. Browne, G. TI Lateral Movement of Soil Fumigants 1,3-Dichloropropene and Chloropicrin from Treated Agricultural Fields SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID FUMIGATION; EMISSIONS; SURFACE; MANAGEMENT AB The soil fumigants 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) are often used for controlling soil-borne plant pathogens and parasitic nematodes before reestablishing new vineyards and orchards. To evaluate crop safety and environmental risks with the replant fumigation, four field experiments were performed over 2 yr to examine 1,3-D and CP lateral movement away from the treated fields. Shank injection with or without a virtually impermeable film (VIF) was used in two vineyard fumigation experiments, and spot drip application without tarp cover was used M two orchard experiments. Results showed that 1,3-D and CP gases moved laterally to 6 m from the treated fields when the fumigants were applied by shank injection. The maximum 1,3-D or CP soil gas concentration at 6 m was approximately 10 ng cm(-3) when the fumigated plot was not cover with a tarp. With VIF, the measured maximum concentration increased to approximacely 100 ng cm-3. In the spot drip application, maximum 1,3-D and CP gas concentrations reached approximately 100 ng cm(-3) but at 1.5 m radial distance from the point of fumigant injection. C1 [Wang, D.; Gao, S.; Qin, R.] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Qin, R.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Browne, G.] USDA ARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Wang, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM dong.wang@ars.usda.gov RI Qin, Ruijun/F-3469-2011 NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 39 IS 5 BP 1800 EP 1806 DI 10.2134/jeq2009.0474 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 646WQ UT WOS:000281575600027 PM 21043285 ER PT J AU Hunt, PG Matheny, TA Ro, KS Vanotti, MB Ducey, TF AF Hunt, P. G. Matheny, T. A. Ro, K. S. Vanotti, M. B. Ducey, T. F. TI Denitrification in Anaerobic Lagoons Used to Treat Swine Wastewater SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; SURFICIAL OXYGEN-TRANSFER; PHOSPHORUS REMOVAL; DINITROGEN GAS; SIMULTANEOUS NITRIFICATION; NITRATE REDUCTION; TREATMENT SYSTEM; BACTERIA; AMMONIA; SLUDGE AB Anaerobic lagoons are commonly used for the treatment of swine wastewater. Although these lagoons were once thought to be relatively simple, their physical, chemical, and biological processes are very complex. This study of anaerobic lagoons had two objectives: (i) to quantify denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) and (ii) to evaluate the influence of lagoon characteristics on the DEA. The DEA was measured by the acetylene inhibition method. Wastewater samples and physical and chemical measurements were taken from the wastewater column of nine anaerobic swine lagoons from May 2006 to May 2009. These lagoons were typical for anaerobic swine lagoons in the Carolinas relative to their size, operation, and chemical and physical characteristics. Their mean value for DEA was 87 mg N2O N m(-3) V. In a lagoon with 2-m depth, this rate of DEA would be compatible with 1.74 kg N ha(-1) d(-1) loss. When nonlimiting nitrate was added, the highest DEA was compatible with 4.38 kg N ha d(-1) loss. Using stepwise regression for this treatment, the lagoon characteristics (i.e., soluble organic carbon, total nitrogen, temperature, and NO3 N) provided a final step model R-2 of 0.69. Nitrous oxide from incomplete denitrification was not a significant part of the system nitrogen balance. Although alternate pathways of denitrification may exist within or beneath the wastewater column, this paper documents the lack of sufficient denitrification enzyme activity within the wastewater column of these anaerobic lagoons to support large N-2 gas losses via classical nitrification and denitrification. C1 [Hunt, P. G.; Matheny, T. A.; Ro, K. S.; Vanotti, M. B.; Ducey, T. F.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plain Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC USA. RP Hunt, PG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Coastal Plain Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC USA. EM Patrick.Hunt@ars.usda.gov OI Ducey, Thomas/0000-0001-8199-0584 NR 48 TC 10 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 39 IS 5 BP 1821 EP 1828 DI 10.2134/jeq2009.0385 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 646WQ UT WOS:000281575600030 PM 21043288 ER PT J AU McLaughlin, MR Brooks, JP Adeli, A Read, JJ AF McLaughlin, Michael R. Brooks, John P. Adeli, Ardeshir Read, John J. TI Comparison of Selected Nutrients and Bacteria from Common Contiguous Soils Inside and Outside Swine Lagoon Effluent Spray Fields after Long-Term Use SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; COOL-SEASON ANNUALS; REAL-TIME PCR; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LAND APPLICATION; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; COASTAL BERMUDAGRASS; PHOSPHORUS UPTAKE; WATER-RESOURCES; MULTIPLEX PCR AB Swine (Sus scrofa domestica) lagoon effluent is a valuable resource. In the U.S. Mid-South it is applied from April to September to fertilize grass hay in spray-irrigated fields. Lagoon levels of nutrients and bacteria, and soil levels of nutrients have been documented, but little was known of effluent bacterial levels in soil. The present study examined levels of selected effluent bacteria and nutrients in soils inside and outside spray fields after >15 yr of effluent irrigation. Samples were collected February to March 2009 from contiguous soils spanning adjacent irrigated and nonirrigated areas. Separate soil cores for bacterial and nutrient tests were collected in pairs <10 cm apart. Five cores each were collected at 15-m intervals and combined, respectively, to comprise inside and outside samples from each of 20 soils (four each from five farms/spray fields). Analyses of data combined across all soils showed higher pH and Mehlich-3-extractable (M3-) P. Mg, K, Na, Cu, and Zn inside than outside spray fields, while total N, total C, M3-Ca, and M3-Mn did not differ. Bacterial levels were higher inside than outside spray fields for heterotrophic plate counts, thermotolerant coliforms, Staphylococcus spp., and Clostridium perfringens, but levels of Escherichia colt and Enterococcus spp. were not different. Cultural presence/absence tests for three pathogens (Listeria app., Campylobacter spp., and Salmonella spp.) detected only Listeria spp., which did not differ inside (23% positive samples) and outside (28% positive). Molecular tests detected all three pathogens at low levels that were not different inside and outside. We found no evidence of cumulative buildup of Campylobacter app., Listeria app., or Salmonella spp. in spray field soils. C1 [McLaughlin, Michael R.; Brooks, John P.; Adeli, Ardeshir; Read, John J.] USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP McLaughlin, MR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM mike.mclaughlin@ars.usda.gov NR 66 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 39 IS 5 BP 1829 EP 1840 DI 10.2134/jeq2009.0447 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 646WQ UT WOS:000281575600031 PM 21043289 ER PT J AU Rothrock, MJ Cook, KL Warren, JG Eiteman, MA Sistani, K AF Rothrock, Michael J., Jr. Cook, Kimberly L. Warren, Jason G. Eiteman, Mark A. Sistani, Karamat TI Microbial Mineralization of Organic Nitrogen Forms in Poultry Litters SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID REDUCE AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION; SALMONELLA POPULATIONS; CHEMICAL AMENDMENTS; PHOSPHORUS RUNOFF; ALUMINUM SULFATE; URIC-ACID; MANURE; EMISSIONS; CAMPYLOBACTER; DECOMPOSITION AB Ammonia volatilization from the mineralization of uric acid and urea has a major impact on the poultry industry and the environment. Dry acids are commonly used to reduce ammonia emissions from poultry houses; however, little is known about how acidification affects the litter biologically. The goal of this laboratory incubation was to compare the microbiological and physiochemical effects of dry acid amendments (Al+Clear, Poultry Litter Treatment, Poultry Guard) on poultry litter to an untreated control litter and to specifically correlate uric acid and urea contents of these litters to the microbes responsible for their mineralization. Although all three acidifiers eventually produced similar effects within the litter, there was at least a 2-wk delay in the microbiological responses using Poultry Litter Treatment. Acidification of the poultry litter resulted in >3 log increases in total fungal concentrations, with both uricolytic (uric acid degrading) and ureolytic (urea degrading) fungi increasing by >2 logs within the first 2 to 4 wk of the incubation. Conversely, total, uricolytic, and ureolyric bacterial populations all significantly declined during this same time period. While uric acid and urea mineralization occurred within the first 2 wk in the untreated control litter, acidification resulted in delayed mineralization events for both uric acid and urea (2 and 4 wk delay, respectively) once fungal cell concentrations exceeded a threshold level. Therefore, fungi. and especially uricolytic fungi, appear to have a vital role in the mineralization of organic N in low-pH, high-N environments, and the activity of these fungi should be considered in best management practices to reduce ammonia volatilization from acidified poultry litter. C1 [Eiteman, Mark A.] Univ Georgia, Dep Biol & Agr Engn, Driftmier Engn Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Rothrock, Michael J., Jr.; Cook, Kimberly L.; Warren, Jason G.; Sistani, Karamat] USDA ARS, Anim Management Res Unit, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. RP Rothrock, MJ (reprint author), Univ Maine, USDA ARS, Water Lab, Portage Rd, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM michael.rothrock@ars.usda.gov NR 58 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 14 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 39 IS 5 BP 1848 EP 1857 DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0024 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 646WQ UT WOS:000281575600033 PM 21043291 ER PT J AU Mira, S Gonzalez-Benito, ME Hill, LM Walters, C AF Mira, Sara Elena Gonzalez-Benito, M. Hill, Lisa M. Walters, Christina TI Characterization of volatile production during storage of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seed SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Ethanol; glycolysis; methanol; pentane; peroxidation; seed ageing; water content; volatile organic molecules ID DRY SEEDS; DETERIORATION; LONGEVITY; KINETICS; ACETALDEHYDE; RESPIRATION; TEMPERATURE; GERMINATION; MECHANISMS; VIABILITY AB The duration that seeds stay vigorous during storage is difficult to predict but critical to seed industry and conservation communities. Production of volatile compounds from lettuce seeds during storage was investigated as a non-invasive and early detection method of seed ageing rates. Over 30 volatile compounds were detected from lettuce seeds during storage at 35 degrees C at water contents ranging from 0.03 to 0.09 g H(2)O g(-1) dw. Both qualitative and quantitative differences in volatile composition were noted as a function of water content, and these differences were apparent before signs of deterioration were visible. Seeds stored at high water content (>= 0.06 g H(2)O g(-1) dw) emitted molecular species indicative of glycolysis (methanol+ethanol), and evidence of peroxidation was apparent subsequent to viability loss. Seeds containing less water (0.03-0.05 g H(2)O g(-1) dw) produced volatiles indicative of peroxidation and survived longer compared with seeds stored under more humid conditions. Production of glycolysis-related by-products correlated strongly with deterioration rate when measured as a function of water content. This correlation may provide a valuable non-invasive means to predict the duration of the early, asymptomatic stage of seed deterioration. C1 [Mira, Sara; Hill, Lisa M.; Walters, Christina] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. [Mira, Sara; Elena Gonzalez-Benito, M.] Univ Politecn Madrid, EUIT Agr, Dept Biol Vegetal, Madrid, Spain. RP Walters, C (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. EM christina.walters@ars.usda.gov RI Mira, Sara/C-3248-2009; Gonzalez-Benito, M. Elena/K-8314-2013 OI Mira, Sara/0000-0002-0164-5156; Gonzalez-Benito, M. Elena/0000-0002-6330-332X FU Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia, Spain [CGL2006-10536]; Consejo Social (UPM) FX This work was supported by the project CGL2006-10536 (Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia, Spain). SM was supported by FPU program (Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia, Spain) and a grant from the Consejo Social (UPM). The authors thank Dr Elena Estrelles (Universidad de Valencia) for her advice and mentoring of SM. The authors thank Dr Daniel Ballesteros for his thoughtful comments to the manuscript. NR 48 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 29 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 61 IS 14 BP 3915 EP 3924 DI 10.1093/jxb/erq202 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 648TO UT WOS:000281717300009 PM 20819791 ER PT J AU Oscar, TP Rutto, GK Ludwig, JR Parveen, S AF Oscar, T. P. Rutto, G. K. Ludwig, J. R. Parveen, S. TI Qualitative Map of Salmonella Contamination on Young Chicken Carcasses SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID BROILER CARCASSES; PROCESSED POULTRY; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SIMULATION-MODEL; SAMPLING METHODS; WATER IMMERSION; RISK-ASSESSMENT; RETAIL CHICKEN AB Salmonella contamination of poultry is a global public health problem The objective of this study was to map the distribution of Salmonella on the young chicken carcass, to improve poultry inspection and food safety Young chickens (n = 70) in the Cornish game hen class were obtained at retail over a 3-year period Carcasses were aseptically sectioned into 12 parts. and then Salmonella was isolated from whole-part incubations by conventional culture methods Isolates were characterized for serotype and antibiotic resistance, and by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE),Salmonella incidence was 21.5% (181 of 840) or parts and 57.1% (40 of 70) for carcasses. The number of contaminated parts per carcass ranged from 0 to 12. with a mean of 4 5 among contaminated carcasses Chi-square analysis indicated that Salmonella incidence differed (P < 0.05) among parts, with rib back (38.6%) and sacral back (34.3%) being the most contaminated Among the 40 contaminated carcasses, there were 37 different patterns of contamination among parts Of the 33 carcasses with more than one contaminated pail. 12.1% contained two scrotypes, 33.3% contained two or more antibiotic resistance profiles, and 100% contained two or more PFGE patterns The most common serotype was Typhimunum (94.5%), and most (97.2%) isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics These results Indicated a diverse pattern of Salmonella contamination among carcasses and that multiple subtypes of Salmonella were often present on contaminated carcasses Thus, whole-carcass incubation succeeded by characterization of multiple isolates per carcass is needed to properly assess and manage this risk to public health C1 [Oscar, T. P.; Ludwig, J. R.] ARS, USDA, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA. [Rutto, G. K.; Parveen, S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Agr Food & Resource Sci, Food Sci & Technol Program, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA. RP Oscar, TP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA. FU U S Department of Agriculture FX The authors thank Chanelle White of the University of Maryland, Eastern Shore (UMES) for her outstanding technical support on this project. the U S Department of Agriculture's Evans-Allen program for helping fund this project. and Jurgen Schwarz of UMES for his critical review and input on this project NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 73 IS 9 BP 1596 EP 1603 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 647KP UT WOS:000281617700001 PM 20828464 ER PT J AU Friedman, M Juneja, VK AF Friedman, Mendel Juneja, Vijay K. TI Review of Antimicrobial and Antioxidative Activities of Chitosans in Food SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Review ID JIMSON WEED DATURA; MORNING-GLORY IPOMOEA; LOW-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; ONCORHYNCHUS-GORBUSCHA FILLETS; CLOSTRIDIUM-PERFRINGENS SPORES; SICKLEPOD CASSIA-OBTUSIFOLIA; ENHANCING MICROBIAL SAFETY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; COATED PLASTIC FILMS; PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS AB Interest in chitosan, a biodegradable, nontoxic. non-antigenic. and biocompatible biopolymer isolated from shellfish, arises from the fact that chitosans are reported to exhibit numerous health-related beneficial effects, including strong antimicrobial and antioxidative activities in foods The extraordinary interest in the chemistry and application in agriculture, horticulture. environmental science, industry. microbiology, and medicine is attested by about 17.000 citations on this subject in the Scopus database A special need exists to develop a better understanding of the role of chitosans in ameliorating foodborne illness To contribute to this effort, this overview surveys and interprets our present knowledge of the chemistry and antimicrobial activities of chitosan in solution, as powders, and in edible films and coating against foodborne pathogens, spoilage bacteria, and pathogenic viruses and fungi in several food categories These include produce, fruit juices, eggs and dairy, cereal, meat, and seafood products. Also covered are antimicrobial activities of chemically modified and nanochitosans, therapeutic properties. and possible mechanisms of the antimicrobial. antioxidative. and metal chelating effects Further research is suggested in each of these categories. The widely scattered data on the multifaceted aspects of chitosan microbiology, summarized in the text and in 10 tables and 8 representative figures. suggest that low-molecular-weight chitosans at a pH below 6.0 presents optimal conditions for achieving desirable antimicrobial and antioxidative-preservative effects in liquid and solid foods We are very hopeful that the described findings will be a valuable record and resource for further progress to improve microbial food safety and food quality C1 [Friedman, Mendel] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Juneja, Vijay K.] ARS, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Friedman, M (reprint author), ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 NR 274 TC 68 Z9 70 U1 5 U2 75 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 73 IS 9 BP 1737 EP 1761 PG 25 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 647KP UT WOS:000281617700021 PM 20828484 ER PT J AU Tunick, MH Van Hekken, DL AF Tunick, Michael H. Van Hekken, Diane L. TI RHEOLOGY AND TEXTURE OF COMMERCIAL QUESO FRESCO CHEESES MADE FROM RAW AND PASTEURIZED MILK SO JOURNAL OF FOOD QUALITY LA English DT Article ID MOZZARELLA CHEESES; CHEDDAR CHEESE; FRACTURE; GELS AB Queso Frescos made in Mexico from raw milk (RM) were compared with cheeses made in Mexico and the U.S.A. from pasteurized milk (PM) to determine textural and rheological differences. RM cheese, considered the ideal Queso Fresco, contained more moisture than PM cheeses, displayed higher cohesiveness and shear strain and exhibited lower hardness and shear stress. The U.S.-made cheeses were harder and more brittle and crumbly than the Mexican cheeses. The shear stress decreased as fat content increased in all samples, and the shear strain decreased as the pH increased in the Mexican cheeses. An understanding of the differences between the RM and PM versions should allow cheese makers to adjust manufacturing procedures so that PM Queso Fresco cheeses will meet consumer expectations. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Hispanic cheeses such as Queso Fresco are gaining in popularity in the U.S.A. The milk for making Queso Fresco in the U.S.A. must be pasteurized, and the resulting cheese is perceived by some consumers to be inferior in flavor and texture to the traditional variety made from raw milk. Queso Fresco samples made in Mexico from both kinds of milk and made in the U.S.A. from pasteurized milk were analyzed to see if there were differences in texture, structure, and the ability to twist and break pieces of the cheese. The cheeses made in the U.S.A. contained less moisture and were too hard, crumbly, and brittle when compared to the raw milk cheeses. The differences observed should enable U.S. companies to make Queso Fresco with properties close to those of the raw milk variety. C1 [Tunick, Michael H.; Van Hekken, Diane L.] ARS, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Tunick, MH (reprint author), ARS, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM michael.tunick@ars.usda.gov RI Tunick, Michael/C-9761-2010 NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0146-9428 EI 1745-4557 J9 J FOOD QUALITY JI J. Food Qual. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 33 SU 1 BP 204 EP 215 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4557.2010.00331.x PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 647WL UT WOS:000281651100013 ER PT J AU Lamikanra, O Bett-Garber, KL Watson, MA Ingram, DA AF Lamikanra, O. Bett-Garber, K. L. Watson, M. A. Ingram, D. A. TI UNDERWATER PROCESSING WITH AND WITHOUT ADDED CALCIUM INFLUENCES SHELF LIFE QUALITY OF FRESH-CUT CANTALOUPE SO JOURNAL OF FOOD QUALITY LA English DT Article ID OXIDATIVE STRESS; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; MILD HEAT; MELON; PEROXIDASE; RESPONSES; PRESSURE; STORAGE; SIGNALS; GROWTH AB The effect of processing cantaloupe melon while submerged underwater on the fresh-cut fruit quality was determined. Total plate, coliform, yeast and mold counts were lower in underwater processed fruit after 1 day storage, but were not significantly different after 7 days. Dissolved calcium in the treatment water reduced microbial growth in cut fruit over the storage period of 14 days. Sensory evaluation indicated increased fruity/melon intensity and decreased rancid/painty intensity of underwater processed fruit. Peroxidase activity increased in underwater processed fruit and presence of calcium in treatment fluid elevated this effect. Underwater processed fruit respired less during storage at 10C. Results indicate an increased defense response as a result of underwater processing that is enhanced by the presence of calcium ions in the treatment fluid. PRACTICAL APPLICATION The increased demand for fresh-cut fruit has lead to the need for longer shelf life quality. This research details a novel method of boosting the quality of fresh-cut cantaloupe utilizing novel cutting methods and GRAS processing aids that disrupt the normal cycle of senescence in wounded fruit. These methods can be used by the small processor or adapted for large processors. C1 [Lamikanra, O.; Bett-Garber, K. L.; Watson, M. A.; Ingram, D. A.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Bett-Garber, KL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM karen.bett@ars.usda.gov OI Bett-Garber, Karen/0000-0002-1453-2759 NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0146-9428 J9 J FOOD QUALITY JI J. Food Qual. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 33 SU 1 BP 246 EP 261 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4557.2010.00315.x PG 16 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 647WL UT WOS:000281651100016 ER PT J AU Ma, WJ Lager, KM Lekcharoensuk, P Ulery, ES Janke, BH Solorzano, A Webby, RJ Garcia-Sastre, A Richt, JA AF Ma, Wenjun Lager, Kelly M. Lekcharoensuk, Porntippa Ulery, Eva S. Janke, Bruce H. Solorzano, Alicia Webby, Richard J. Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo Richt, Juergen A. TI Viral reassortment and transmission after co-infection of pigs with classical H1N1 and triple-reassortant H3N2 swine influenza viruses SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; A VIRUSES; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; AVIAN INFLUENZA; NORTH-AMERICA; GENERATION; IDENTIFICATION; EVOLUTION AB Triple-reassortant swine influenza viruses circulating in North American pigs contain the internal genes derived from swine (matrix, non-structural and nucleoprotein), human [polymerase basic 1 (PB1)] and avian (polymerase acidic and PB2) influenza viruses forming a constellation of genes that is well conserved and is called the triple-reassortant internal gene (TRIG) cassette. In contrast, the external genes [haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA)] are less conserved, reflecting multiple reassortant events that have produced viruses with different combinations of HA and NA genes. This study hypothesized that maintenance of the TRIG cassette confers a selective advantage to the virus. To test this hypothesis, pigs were co-infected with the triple-reassortant H3N2 A/Swine/Texas/4199-2/98 (Tx/98) and the classical H1N1 A/Swine/Iowa/15/1930 viruses and co-housed with a group of sentinel animals. This direct contact group was subsequently moved into contact with a second group of naive animals. Four different subtypes (H1N1, H1N2, H3N1 and H3N2) of influenza virus were identified in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid collected from the lungs of the experimentally infected pigs, with most of the viruses containing TRIG from the Tx/98 virus. Interestingly, only the intact H3N2 Tx/98 virus was transmitted from the infected pigs to the direct-contact animals and from them to the second contact group of pigs. These results demonstrated that multiple reassortments can occur within a host; however, only specific gene constellations are readily transmissible. It was concluded that certain HA and NA gene pairs, in conjunction with the TRIG cassette, may have a competitive advantage over other combinations for transmission and maintenance in swine. C1 [Ma, Wenjun; Lager, Kelly M.; Richt, Juergen A.] ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Ma, Wenjun; Lekcharoensuk, Porntippa; Ulery, Eva S.; Janke, Bruce H.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA USA. [Ma, Wenjun; Richt, Juergen A.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Diagnost Med Pathobiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Solorzano, Alicia; Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, New York, NY USA. [Webby, Richard J.] St Jude Childrens Hosp, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, New York, NY USA. [Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Global Hlth & Emerging Pathogens Inst, New York, NY USA. RP Richt, JA (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. EM jricht@vetk-state.edu OI Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo/0000-0002-6551-1827 FU USDA/ARS [CRIS 3625-3200-088]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN266200700005C, HHSN266200700010C]; Center for Disease Control and Prevention [U01 CI000357-01] FX We thank Deb Clouser, Kevin Hassall, Hannah Polashek, Deb Adolphson, Brian Pottebaum and Jason Huegel for animal studies and technical assistance, and the DNA Sequence Unit at the National Animal Disease Center for sequencing assistance. This project was supported by USDA/ARS CRIS 3625-3200-088 and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under contracts HHSN266200700005C and HHSN266200700010C, and by Center for Disease Control and Prevention Grant U01 CI000357-01. NR 33 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 10 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 91 BP 2314 EP 2321 DI 10.1099/vir.0.021402-0 PN 9 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 654CY UT WOS:000282147300020 PM 20484565 ER PT J AU Dorr, BS Moerke, A Bur, M Bassett, C Aderman, T Traynor, D Singleton, RD Butchko, PH Taylor, JD AF Dorr, Brian S. Moerke, Ashley Bur, Michael Bassett, Chuck Aderman, Tony Traynor, Dan Singleton, Russell D. Butchko, Peter H. Taylor, Jimmy D., II TI Evaluation of harassment of migrating double-crested cormorants to limit depredation on selected sport fisheries in Michigan (vol 36, pg 215, 2010) SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Correction C1 [Dorr, Brian S.; Singleton, Russell D.] Mississippi State Univ, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Moerke, Ashley; Traynor, Dan] Lake Super State Univ, Sault Ste Marie, MI 49783 USA. [Bur, Michael] USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Erie Biol Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. [Bassett, Chuck] US Forest Serv, Escanaba, MI 49829 USA. [Aderman, Tony] Wildlife Serv, Gaylord, MI 49735 USA. [Butchko, Peter H.] Wildlife Serv, Okemos, MI 48864 USA. [Taylor, Jimmy D., II] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. RP Dorr, BS (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, POB 6099, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM brian.s.dorr@aphis.usda.gov OI Dorr, Brian/0000-0001-6857-8560 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 36 IS 3 BP 582 EP 582 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2010.06.010 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 647XN UT WOS:000281654200022 ER PT J AU Cottrell, TE Horton, DL Fuest, J AF Cottrell, Ted E. Horton, D. L. Fuest, J. TI Tree Height Influences Flight of Lesser Peachtree Borer and Peachtree Borer (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) Males SO JOURNAL OF INSECT BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Synanthedon pictipes; Synanthedon exitiosa; pheromone; mating disruption; vertical distribution ID CODLING MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; PHEROMONE-BAITED TRAPS; GRAPE BERRY MOTH; SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION; SYNANTHEDON-PICTIPES; TORTRICIDAE; CAPTURES; CATCHES; PLACEMENT; EXITIOSA AB Capture of male lesser peachtree borer, Synanthedon pictipes (Grote & Robinson), and peachtree borer, S. exitiosa (Say) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae), in pheromone traps positioned from 0 m to 6 m above ground was affected by surrounding tree height. In a peach orchard with a 3 m canopy height, more S. pictipes were captured within the canopy zone at 1.8 m than above at 5.5 m. Trap capture was similar for S. pictipes in a mating disruption orchard with more caught at 2 m than at 4 m or 6 m. Capture at 1.8-5.5 m in mixed deciduous woods, with an average canopy height of 22 m, was not significantly different. In orchards, more S. exitiosa were captured at 1.8 m rather than at 5.5 m but no difference was detected in numbers captured from 0 m to 5.5 m in mixed deciduous woods. In a peach-pecan interplanted orchard, where pecan trees were three times taller but only one-ninth the density of peach, capture of both species was similar to capture in peach orchards when traps were entirely surrounded by peach. However, when traps were adjacent to a single, taller non-host pecan tree, capture was similar to mixed deciduous woods. These data suggest that habitat structure supersedes presence/absence of host plants affecting vertical flight activity of male S. pictipes and S. exitiosa. C1 [Cottrell, Ted E.] ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, USDA, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Horton, D. L.; Fuest, J.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Cottrell, TE (reprint author), ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, USDA, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM ted.cottrell@ars.usda.gov FU USDA [2004-04014] FX Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The authors thank Michelle Thomas and Chuck Rawls (University of Georgia) for providing technical assistance. This research was supported in part by USDA-CSREES RAMP (Risk Avoidance and Mitigation) grant no. 2004-04014. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 10 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0892-7553 J9 J INSECT BEHAV JI J. Insect Behav. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 23 IS 5 BP 329 EP 339 DI 10.1007/s10905-010-9212-1 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 627YM UT WOS:000280080800001 ER PT J AU McNeil, J Cox-Foster, D Slavicek, J Hoover, K AF McNeil, James Cox-Foster, Diana Slavicek, James Hoover, Kelli TI Contributions of immune responses to developmental resistance in Lymantria dispar challenged with baculovirus SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Encapsulation; Innate immunity; Hemocytes; Phenoloxidase; FAD-glucose dehydrogenase; Anti-viral defense; Developmental resistance; Baculovirus ID NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; CALIFORNICA M-NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS; GLUCOSE DEHYDROGENASE-ACTIVITY; MANDUCA-SEXTA LARVAE; COTESIA-CONGREGATA; GYPSY-MOTH; TOBACCO HORNWORM; INNATE IMMUNITY; INSECT; POLYDNAVIRUS AB How the innate immune system functions to defend insects from viruses is an emerging field of study. We examined the impact of melanized encapsulation, a component of innate immunity that integrates both cellular and humoral immune responses, on the success of the baculovirus Lymantria dispar multiple nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (LdMNPV) in its host L. dispar. L dispar exhibits midgut-based and systemic, age-dependent resistance to LdMNPV within the fourth instar; the LD(50) in newly molted larvae is approximately 18-fold lower than in mid-instar larvae (48-72 h post-molt). We examined the role of the immune system in systemic resistance by measuring differences in hemocyte immunoresponsiveness to foreign targets, hemolymph phenoloxidase (PO) and FAD-glucose dehydrogenase (GLD) activities, and melanization of infected tissue culture cells. Mid-instar larvae showed a higher degree of hemocyte immunoresponsiveness, greater potential PO activity (pro-PO) at the time the virus is escaping the midgut to enter the hemocoel (72 h post-inoculation), greater GLD activity, and more targeted melanization of infected tissue, which correlate with reduced viral success in the host. These findings support the hypothesis that innate immune responses can play an important role in antiviral defenses against baculoviruses and that the success of these defenses can be age-dependent. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [McNeil, James; Cox-Foster, Diana; Hoover, Kelli] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Slavicek, James] USDA Forest Serv, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. RP Hoover, K (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, 501 ASI, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM khoover@psu.edu FU National Science Foundation [IBN-0077710]; USDA; National Science Foundation FX We thank Mike Grove, Scott Geib, and Michelle Pfeiffer for technical assistance and advice. We also thank Roger Fuester of the USDA, ARS Beneficial Insects Research Lab, Newark, DE and Dawn Gundersen-Rindal of USDA Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Beltsville, MD for supplying wasps of G. flavicoxis. This study would not have been possible with the assistance of many undergraduate students in the lab. Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation IOB Program, Grant No. IBN-0077710 awarded to Hoover, a USDA Forest Service Joint Venture agreement to Hoover, and a National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship to McNeil. NR 43 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 56 IS 9 BP 1167 EP 1177 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2010.03.020 PG 11 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 640XM UT WOS:000281087500021 PM 20350551 ER PT J AU DeGrandi-Hoffman, G Chen, YP Huang, E Huang, MH AF DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria Chen, Yanping Huang, Eden Huang, Ming Hua TI The effect of diet on protein concentration, hypopharyngeal gland development and virus load in worker honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nutrition; Protein diets; Deformed wing virus ID DIVISION-OF-LABOR; COLONY COLLAPSE DISORDER; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; POLLEN SUBSTITUTE; VARROA-JACOBSONI; HYMENOPTERA; APIDAE; BROOD; MICROBIOLOGY; GLUTAMINE AB Elucidating the mechanisms by which honey bees process pollen vs. protein supplements are important in the generation of artificial diets needed to sustain managed honeybees. We measured the effects of diet on protein concentration, hypopharyngeal gland development and virus titers in worker honey bees fed either pollen, a protein supplement (MegaBee), or a protein-free diet of sugar syrup. Workers consumed more pollen than protein supplement, but protein amounts and size of hypopharyngeal gland acini did not differ between the two feeding treatments. Bees fed sugar syrup alone had lower protein concentrations and smaller hypopharyngeal glands compared with the other feeding treatments especially as the bees aged. Deformed wing virus was detected in workers at the start of a trial. The virus concentrations increased as bees aged and were highest in those fed sugar syrup and lowest in bees fed pollen. Overall results suggest a connection between diet, protein levels and immune response and indicate that colony losses might be reduced by alleviating protein stress through supplemental feeding. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria; Huang, Eden] USDA ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Chen, Yanping] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Huang, Ming Hua] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP DeGrandi-Hoffman, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM Gloria.Hoffman@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 54 TC 61 Z9 66 U1 12 U2 90 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 56 IS 9 BP 1184 EP 1191 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2010.03.017 PG 8 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 640XM UT WOS:000281087500023 PM 20346950 ER PT J AU Zhang, SZ Shukle, R Mittapalli, O Zhu, YC Reese, JC Wang, HY Hua, BZ Chen, MS AF Zhang, Shize Shukle, Richard Mittapalli, Omprakash Zhu, Yu Cheng Reese, John C. Wang, Haiyan Hua, Bao-Zhen Chen, Ming-Shun TI The gut transcriptome of a gall midge, Mayetiola destructor SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hessian fly; Mayetiola destructor; Gut; Secretory proteins; Salivary glands; Transcriptome ID HESSIAN FLY DIPTERA; EXPRESSED SEQUENCE TAGS; LUTZOMYIA-LONGIPALPIS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CALL ALGORITHMS; GENE-EXPRESSION; CDNA LIBRARIES; PLANT DEFENSE; SAND FLIES; INSECT AB The Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor, is a serious pest of wheat and an experimental organism for the study of gall midge-plant interactions. In addition to food digestion and detoxification, the gut of Hessian fly larvae is also an important interface for insect-host interactions. Analysis of the genes expressed in the Hessian fly larval gut will enhance our understanding of the overall gut physiology and may also lead to the identification of critical molecules for Hessian fly-host plant interactions. Over 10,000 Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) were generated and assembled into 2007 clusters. The most striking feature of the Hessian fly larval transcriptome is the existence of a large number of transcripts coding for so-called small secretory proteins (SSP) with amino acids less than 250. Eleven of the 30 largest clusters were SSP transcripts with the largest cluster containing 11.3% of total ESTs. Transcripts coding for diverse digestive enzymes and detoxification proteins were also identified. Putative digestive enzymes included trypsins, chymotrypsins, cysteine proteases, aspartic protease, endo-oligopeptidase, aminopeptidases, carboxypeptidases, and a-amylases. Putative detoxification proteins included cytochrome P450s, glutathione S-transferases, peroxidases, ferritins, a catalase, peroxiredoxins, and others. This study represents the first global analysis of gut transcripts from a gall midge. The identification of a large number of transcripts coding for SSPs, digestive enzymes, detoxification proteins in the Hessian fly larval gut provides a foundation for future studies on the functions of these genes. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Reese, John C.; Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Zhang, Shize; Hua, Bao-Zhen] NW A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Dept Entomol, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Shukle, Richard] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Mittapalli, Omprakash] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Entomol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Zhu, Yu Cheng] USDA ARS JWDSRC, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Wang, Haiyan] Kansas State Univ, Dept Stat, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Chen, MS (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM ming-shun.chen@ars.usda.gov NR 54 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 56 IS 9 BP 1198 EP 1206 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2010.03.021 PG 9 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 640XM UT WOS:000281087500025 PM 20346948 ER PT J AU Popham, HJR Grasela, JJ Goodman, CL McIntosh, AH AF Popham, Holly J. R. Grasela, James J. Goodman, Cynthia L. McIntosh, Arthur H. TI Baculovirus infection influences host protein expression in two established insect cell lines SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Permissive; Non-permissive; Semi-permissive; AcMNPV; HzSNPV ID AUTOGRAPHA-CALIFORNICA NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS; SPODOPTERA-FRUGIPERDA CELLS; NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS; LYMANTRIA-DISPAR; GENE-EXPRESSION; PRODUCTIVE INFECTION; IPLB-LD652Y CELLS; RANGE; IDENTIFICATION; REPLICATION AB We identified host proteins that changed in response to host cell susceptibility to baculovirus infection. We used three baculovirus-host cell systems utilizing two cell lines derived from pupal ovaries, Hz-AM1 (from Helicoverpa zea) and Hy-AM1 (from Heliothis virescens). Hv-AM1 cells are permissive to Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV) and semi-permissive to H. zea single nucleopolyhedrovirus (HzSNPV). Hz-AM1 cells are non-permissive to AcMNPV. We challenged each cell line with baculovirus infection and after 24 h determined protein identities by MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. For Hv-AM1 cells, 21 proteins were identified, and for Hz-AM1 cells, 19 proteins were newly identified (with 8 others having been previously identified). In the permissive relationship, 18 of the proteins changed in expression by 70% or more in AcMNPV infected Hy-AM1 cells as compared with non-infected controls; 12 were significantly decreased and 6 cellular proteins were significantly increased. We also identified 3 virus-specific proteins. In the semi-permissive infections, eight proteins decreased by 2-fold or more. Non-permissive interactions did not lead to substantial changes in host cell protein expression. We hypothesize that some of these proteins act in determining host cell specificity for baculoviruses. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Popham, Holly J. R.; Grasela, James J.; Goodman, Cynthia L.; McIntosh, Arthur H.] ARS, USDA, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. RP Popham, HJR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, 1503 S Providence Rd, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. EM Holly.Popham@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 56 IS 9 BP 1237 EP 1245 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2010.03.024 PG 9 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 640XM UT WOS:000281087500030 PM 20362582 ER PT J AU Solter, LF Pilarska, DK McManus, ML Zubrik, M Patocka, J Huang, WF Novotny, J AF Solter, Leellen F. Pilarska, Daniela K. McManus, Michael L. Zubrik, Milan Patocka, Jan Huang, Wei-Fone Novotny, Julius TI Host specificity of microsporidia pathogenic to the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.): Field studies in Slovakia SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biological control; Cystosporogenes sp.; Gypsy moth; Host range; Inundative release; Lymantria dispar; Microsporidia; Nosema lymantriae; Non-target species; Vairimorpha disparis ID OPEROPHTERA-BRUMATA L; ENTOMOPHAGA-MAIMAIGA; NORTH-AMERICA; WINTER MOTH; LEPIDOPTERA; VAIRIMORPHA; POPULATIONS; ULTRASTRUCTURE; BURENELLIDAE; PARASITE AB Several species of microsporidia are important chronic pathogens of Lymantria dispar in Europe but have never been recovered from North American gypsy moth populations. The major issue for their introduction into North American L. dispar populations is concern about their safety to native non-target insects. In this study, we evaluated the susceptibility of sympatric non-target Lepidoptera to two species of microsporidia, Nosema lymantriae and Vairimorpha disparis, isolated from European populations of L. dispar and applied in field plots in Slovakia. Application of ultra low volume sprays of the microsporidia maximized coverage of infective spores in a complex natural environment and, thus, exposure of non-target species to the pathogens. Of 653 non-target larvae collected from plots treated with V. disparis in 2002, 18 individual larvae representing nine species in four families were infected. These plots were monitored for two subsequent seasons and V. disparis was not recovered from non-target species. Of 2571 non-target larvae collected in N. lymantriae-treated sites, one larva was found to be infected. Both species of microsporidia, particularly N. lymantriae, appear to have a very narrow host range in the field, even when an inundative technique is used for their introduction. V. disparis infections in L. dispar exceeded 40% of recovered larvae in the treated study sites; infection rates were lower in sites sprayed with N. lymantriae. Several naturally-occurring pathogens were recorded from the non-target species. The most common pathogen, isolated from 21 species in eight families, was a microsporidium in the genus Cystosporogenes. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Solter, Leellen F.; Huang, Wei-Fone] Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Pilarska, Daniela K.] Bulgarian Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria. [McManus, Michael L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Hamden, CT USA. [Zubrik, Milan; Patocka, Jan; Novotny, Julius] Forest Res Inst, Banska Stiavnica 96900, Slovakia. RP Solter, LF (reprint author), Illinois Nat Hist Survey, 1816 S Oak St, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. EM lsolter@illinois.edu RI Huang, Wei-Fong/N-3845-2013 FU USDA Forest Service [AG01CA-11242343-107]; Illinois Natural History Survey; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Forestry Research Institute, Zvolen; USDA [ILLU-875-302-0205249 S-1024] FX The authors thank an excellent team of research assistants and colleagues for their assistance with this project. They include: J. Charvat, D. Fallon, I. Ilkanic, L. Ivanic, E. Jones, A. Kunca, P. Murarova, P. Pilarski, J. Vakula, J. Varinsky and D. Wakeman. Anonymous reviewers are also thanked for helpful comments. This research was supported in part by the USDA Forest Service under Award No. AG01CA-11242343-107, the Illinois Natural History Survey, the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Forestry Research Institute, Zvolen, and USDA-CSREES Project no. ILLU-875-302-0205249 S-1024. Any opinions, finding, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. NR 55 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 105 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2010.04.009 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 643YD UT WOS:000281335900001 PM 20435042 ER PT J AU Gao, YL Hu, Y Fu, QA Zhang, J Oppert, B Lai, FX Peng, YF Zhang, ZT AF Gao, Yulin Hu, Yang Fu, Qiang Zhang, Jie Oppert, Brenda Lai, Fengxiang Peng, Yufa Zhang, Zhitao TI Screen of Bacillus thuringiensis toxins for transgenic rice to control Sesamia inferens and Chilo suppressalis SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sesamia inferens; Chilo suppressalis; Bacillus thuringiensis; Susceptibility; Synergism ID BORDER MEMBRANE-VESICLES; SYNTHETIC CRY1AB GENE; YELLOW STEM BORER; HELICOVERPA-ARMIGERA; DELTA-ENDOTOXIN; BINDING; LEPIDOPTERA; RESISTANCE; TOXICITY; PLANTS AB Transgenic rice to control stem borer damage is under development in China. To assess the potential of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgenes in stem borer control, the toxicity of five Bt protoxins (Cry1Aa, Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac, Cry1Ba and Cry1Ca) against two rice stem borers, Sesamia inferens (pink stem borer) and Chilo suppressalis (striped stem borer), was evaluated in the laboratory by feeding neonate larvae on artificial diets containing Bt protoxins. The results indicated that Cry1Ca exhibited the highest level of toxicity to both stem borers, with an LC(50) of 0.24 and 0.30 mu g/g for C suppressalis and S. inferens, respectively. However, S. inferens was 4-fold lower in susceptibility to Cry1Aa, and 6- and 47-fold less susceptible to Cry1Ab and Cry1Ba, respectively, compared to C. suppressalis. To evaluate interactions among Bt protoxins in stem borer larvae, toxicity assays were performed with mixtures of Cry1Aa/Cry1Ab, Cry1Aa/Cry1Ca, Cry1Ac/Cry1Ca, Cry1Ac/Cry1Ba, Cry1Ab/Cry1Ac, Cry1Ab/Cry1Ba, and Cry1Ab/Cry1Ca at 1:1 (w/w) ratios. All protoxin mixtures demonstrated significant synergistic toxicity activity against C. suppressalis, with values of 1.6- to 11-fold higher toxicity than the theoretical additive effect. Surprisingly, all but one of the Bt protoxin mixtures were antagonistic in toxicity to S. inferens. In mortality-time response experiments, S. inferens demonstrated increased tolerance to Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac compared to C. suppressalis when treated with low or high protoxin concentrations. The data indicate the utility of Cry1Ca protoxin and a Cry1Ac/Cry1Ca mixture to control both stem borer populations. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Gao, Yulin; Hu, Yang; Fu, Qiang; Lai, Fengxiang; Zhang, Zhitao] China Natl Rice Res Inst, State Key Lab Rice Biol, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Gao, Yulin; Zhang, Jie; Peng, Yufa] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Inst Plant Protect, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Oppert, Brenda] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Fu, QA (reprint author), China Natl Rice Res Inst, State Key Lab Rice Biol, Hangzhou 310006, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM qiangfu1@yahoo.com.cn FU National Key Basic Research and Development (973) Program [001CB109004]; National High Technology Research and Development (863) Program [2005AA241030]; National Genetically Modified Organisms Breeding Major Projects of PR China [2008ZX08001-001] FX We are grateful to Dr. Larry Buschman and Dr. Jianzhou Zhao for the helpful comments and suggestions on the manuscript. This research was supported by National Key Basic Research and Development (973) Program (001CB109004), National High Technology Research and Development (863) Program (2005AA241030) and National Genetically Modified Organisms Breeding Major Projects (2008ZX08001-001) of PR China. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 26 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 105 IS 1 BP 11 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2010.05.002 PG 5 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 643YD UT WOS:000281335900002 PM 20452358 ER PT J AU Faria, M Hotchkiss, JH Hajek, AE Wraight, SP AF Faria, Marcos Hotchkiss, Joseph H. Hajek, Ann E. Wraight, Stephen P. TI Debilitation in conidia of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae and implication with respect to viability determinations and mycopesticide quality assessments SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biological control; Mycoinsecticides; Mycopesticides; Delayed germination; Germination protocol; Imbibitional damage; Shelf-life; Storage ID COMPATIBLE NONIONIC SURFACTANT; BALANCE HLB NUMBER; PROLONGED STORAGE; FLAVOVIRIDE CONIDIA; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; NATURAL SUNLIGHT; OIL FORMULATIONS; MOISTURE-CONTENT; AERIAL CONIDIA AB Germination of Beauveria bassiana (Bb) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ma) conidia determined from a fast-rehydration (FR) protocol were compared to those obtained when dry conidia were subjected to slow rehydration (SR) by holding under high humidity conditions prior to aqueous suspension. Differences in viability estimates obtained using the FR vs. SR protocols increased markedly after conidia were exposed to various stress factors in storage (high a(w), temperature, and O(2) concentrations), with the SR protocol producing higher estimates of viability in all cases. After Bb conidia were stored under moist conditions for 21 days at 25 degrees C, the SR estimate of viability was >21% greater than the FR estimate. In jars flushed with different O(2) concentrations and stored at 50 degrees C for 34 days, proportional differences between protocols varied, depending on water activity, from 18-44% in jars flushed with 0% O(2) (100% N(2)) to as high as 63-93% when treated with 21-22% O(2). For conidia stored over a broad range of moderate to high temperatures in the absence of O(2), SR-FR differences were <= 9% at 25-40 degrees C but 30% at 50 degrees C. Germination of stressed Bb and Ma conidia increased substantially when incubation time on the germination substrate was increased from 24 to 72 h, whereas germination of non-stressed conidia showed little change. Conidia debilitated by stress were characterized by hypersensitivity to lethal imbibitional damage (damage that is mitigated by slow rehydration) and slow germination. Viability protocols that may provide more reliable assessments of overall mycopesticide quality are discussed. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Faria, Marcos] EMBRAPA Recursos Genet & Biotecnol, BR-70849970 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Faria, Marcos; Hajek, Ann E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Hotchkiss, Joseph H.] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wraight, Stephen P.] USDA, Biol Integrated Pest Management Res Unit, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Faria, M (reprint author), EMBRAPA Recursos Genet & Biotecnol, Caixa Postal 02372, BR-70849970 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. EM faria@cenargen.embrapa.br RI Faria, Marcos/E-1446-2012 OI Faria, Marcos/0000-0001-9420-0916 NR 61 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 105 IS 1 BP 74 EP 83 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2010.05.011 PG 10 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 643YD UT WOS:000281335900010 PM 20546750 ER PT J AU Allen, C Briano, JA Varone, L Oi, DH Valles, SM AF Allen, Clare Briano, Juan A. Varone, Laura Oi, David H. Valles, Steven M. TI Exploitation of a high genomic mutation rate in Solenopsis invicta virus 1 to infer demographic information about its host, Solenopsis invicta SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE RNA-dependent RNA polymerase; Dicistroviridae; Phylogenetic analysis ID FIRE ANTS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; MULTIPLE ALIGNMENTS; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; HYMENOPTERA; FORMICIDAE; SEQUENCE; LIKELIHOOD; ACCURATE; HISTORY AB The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) region of Solenopsis invicta virus 1 (SINV-1) was sequenced from 47 infected colonies of S. invicta, S. rich ten, S. geminata, and S. invicta/richteri hybrids collected from across the USA, northern Argentina, and northern Taiwan in an attempt to infer demographic information about the recent S. invicta introduction into Taiwan by phylogenetic analysis. Nucleotide sequences were calculated to exhibit an overall identity of >90% between geographically-separated samples. A total of 171 nucleotide variable sites (representing 22.4% of the region amplified) were mapped across the SINV-1 RdRp alignment and no insertions or deletions were detected. Phylogenetic analysis at the nucleotide level revealed clustering of Argentinean sequences, distinct from the USA sequences. Moreover, the SINV-1 RdRp sequences derived from recently introduced populations of S. invicta from northern Taiwan resided within the multiple USA groupings implicating the USA as the source for the recent introduction of S. invicta into Taiwan. Examination of the amino acid alignment for the RdRp revealed sequence identity >98% with only nine amino acid changes observed. Seven of these changes occurred in less than 4.3% of samples, while 2 (at positions 1266 and 1285) were featured prominently. Changes at positions 1266 and 1285 accounted for 36.2% and 34.0% of the samples, respectively. Two distinct groups were observed based on the amino acid residue at position 1266, Threonine or Serine. In cases where this amino acid was a Threonine, 90% of these sequences possessed a corresponding Valine at position 1285; only 10% of the Threonine(1266)-containing sequences possessed an Isoleucine at the 1285 position. Among the Serine(1266) group, 76% possessed an Isoleucine at position 1285, while only 24% possessed a Valine. Thus, it appears that the Threonine(1266)/Valine(1285) and Serine(1266)/Isoleucine(1285) combinations are predominant phenotypes. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Allen, Clare; Oi, David H.; Valles, Steven M.] USDA ARS, Imported Fire Ant & Household Insects Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Briano, Juan A.; Varone, Laura] USDA ARS, S Amer Biol Control Lab, RA-1559 Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina. RP Valles, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Imported Fire Ant & Household Insects Res Unit, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM steven.valles@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 105 IS 1 BP 105 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2010.05.018 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 643YD UT WOS:000281335900014 PM 20685367 ER PT J AU Lord, JC Vossbrinck, CR Wilson, JD AF Lord, Jeffrey C. Vossbrinck, Charles R. Wilson, Jeff D. TI Occurrence of Nosema oryzaephili in Cryptolestes ferrugineus and transfer to the genus Paranosema SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Microsporidia; Coleoptera; Paranosema; Grain beetle ID MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; MICROSPORIDIA AB A microsporidium that closely resembles Paranosema species at the level of the light microscope was isolated from the rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestes ferrugineus. It's identity as Nosema oryzaephili (originally described from Oryzaephilus surinamensis) was confirmed by comparison with a known isolate of N. oryzaephili based on spore size, small subunit rDNA sequence, and relative infectivity to O. surinamensis, Tribolium castaneum, and Ephestia kuehniella. Phylogenetic analysis of the small subunit rDNA indicates clearly that this species belongs in the genus Paranosema and thus the designation Paranosema myzaephili (Burges, Canning and Hurst) is proposed. In spite of the abundance, economic importance, and worldwide distribution of C. jerrugineus, this is the first report of a microsporidial infection in this species. This is also the first report of P. oryzaephili in the new world. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Lord, Jeffrey C.; Wilson, Jeff D.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Vossbrinck, Charles R.] Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, New Haven, CT 06504 USA. RP Lord, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM jeff.lord@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 105 IS 1 BP 112 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2010.05.005 PG 4 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 643YD UT WOS:000281335900015 PM 20460127 ER PT J AU Matthan, NR Ip, B Resteghini, N Ausman, LM Lichtenstein, AH AF Matthan, Nirupa R. Ip, Blanche Resteghini, Nancy Ausman, Lynne M. Lichtenstein, Alice H. TI Long-term fatty acid stability in human serum cholesteryl ester, triglyceride, and phospholipid fractions SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE serum fatty acids; storage time; auto-oxidation ID ADIPOSE-TISSUE; DIETARY-INTAKE; HUMAN PLASMA; BIOMARKERS; LIPIDS; BLOOD; PLATELET; STORAGE; WOMEN; MEN AB Fatty acid profiles of biological specimens from epidemiological/clinical studies can serve as biomarkers to assess potential relationships between diet and chronic disease risk. However, data are limited regarding fatty acid stability in archived specimens following long-term storage, a variable that could affect result validity. Our objective was to determine the effect of prolonged storage at -80 degrees C on the fatty acid profiles of serum cholesteryl ester (CE), triglyceride (TG), and phospholipid (PL) fractions. This was accomplished by determining the fatty acid profile of frozen, archived, previously unthawed serum samples from 22 subjects who participated in a controlled feeding trial. Initial analysis was performed after trial completion and the repeat analysis after 8-10 years of storage using GC. No significant differences were observed among the majority of fatty acids regardless of lipid fraction. Reliability coefficients were high for the fatty acid classes (saturated fatty acid : 0.70, MUFA : 0.90, PUFA : 0.80). When differences were identified, they were limited to low abundance fatty acids (<= 1.5 mol%). These differences were quantitatively small and likely attributable to technical improvements in GC methodology rather than sample degradation. Thus, our data demonstrate that storage at -80 degrees C up to 10 years does not significantly influence serum CE, TG, or PL fatty acid profiles.-Matthan, N. R., B. Ip, N. Resteghini, L. M. Ausman, and A. H. Lichtenstein. Long-term fatty acid stability in human serum cholesteryl ester, triglyceride, and phospholipid fractions. J. Lipid Res. 51: 2826-2832. C1 [Matthan, Nirupa R.; Ip, Blanche; Resteghini, Nancy; Ausman, Lynne M.; Lichtenstein, Alice H.] Tufts Univ, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Matthan, NR (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM nirupa.matthan@tufts.edu OI IP, Blanche C/0000-0003-0063-5535 FU National Institutes of Health [HL-54727]; US Department of Agriculture [58-1950-4-401] FX This work was supported by grant HL-54727 from the National Institutes of Health, and by the US Department of Agriculture, under agreement no. 58-1950-4-401. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of authors, and do not necessarily reflect the views of the US Department of Agriculture, the National Institutes of Health, or other granting agencies. NR 27 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 51 IS 9 BP 2826 EP 2832 DI 10.1194/jlr.D007534 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 637FA UT WOS:000280800200034 PM 20448292 ER PT J AU Aouada, FA de Moura, MR Orts, WJ Mattoso, LHC AF Aouada, Fauze A. de Moura, Marcia R. Orts, William J. Mattoso, Luiz H. C. TI Polyacrylamide and methylcellulose hydrogel as delivery vehicle for the controlled release of paraquat pesticide SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DRUG-DELIVERY; IN-VITRO; ALGINATE; PHOTOPOLYMERIZATION; MICROSPHERES; FORMULATIONS; MECHANISMS; FUNGICIDE; CHITOSAN; BEHAVIOR AB PAAm-MC hydrogels as a potential delivery vehicle for the controlled release of paraquat pesticide was investigated, as they play an essential role to use hydrogels in controlled release technology. The release kinetics of paraquat was determined using UV-Vis measurements. The release mechanism of paraquat from PAAm-MC hydrogels was investigated through a semi-empirical model proposed by Ritger and Peppas. In general, the initial rate of paraquat release was fast, decreasing after several days, hence indicating that paraquat on the surface (or close to) of hydrogels diffused rapidly after the initial swelling of the gel. Later, the cumulative release occurred in a very controlled and sustained manner, with the paraquat concentration maintaining constant from 15 to 46 days. The paraquat release capacity was dependent on the swelling of the matrix and the density of the network chains. The curves obtained from Peppas's model presented good linearity (R (2) a parts per thousand yen 0.999), indicating that such model can be applicable to analyze the systems. The n values for the pesticide release from hydrogels indicate that paraquat release has Fickian and non-Fickian diffusion, depending of hydrogel formulation. The values of k showed that the release of paraquat becomes slower when the MC and AAm concentration increases. Finally, to the best of our knowledge, we report a hydrogel-based vehicle (first carrier) that is able to prolong the sustained release of paraquat pesticide up to 45 days, which is essential for its application in controlled release systems. C1 [Aouada, Fauze A.] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Chem, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [de Moura, Marcia R.] Univ Sao Paulo, Phys Inst Sao Carlos, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Orts, William J.] USDA ARS WRRC, Bioprod Chem & Engn Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Aouada, Fauze A.; de Moura, Marcia R.; Mattoso, Luiz H. C.] LNNA Embrapa Agr Instrumentat, BR-13560905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. RP Aouada, FA (reprint author), Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Chem, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. EM fauze@cnpdia.embrapa.br RI Aouada, Fauze/C-3989-2012; Aouada, Marcia/F-6231-2014; Mattoso, Luiz H C/D-2794-2016; Sao Carlos Institute of Physics, IFSC/USP/M-2664-2016 OI Mattoso, Luiz H C/0000-0001-7586-1014; FU USDA/ARS/WRRC; FAPESP; CNPq; Embrapa; FINEP/LNNA FX The authors are grateful to USDA/ARS/WRRC, FAPESP, CNPq, Embrapa (Labex Program and MP1 Project), and FINEP/LNNA for their financial support. NR 36 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 6 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2461 EI 1573-4803 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 45 IS 18 BP 4977 EP 4985 DI 10.1007/s10853-009-4180-6 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 627VA UT WOS:000280070400014 ER PT J AU Xue, RD Barnard, DR Muller, GC AF Xue, Rui-De Barnard, Donald R. Muller, Gunter C. TI Effects of Body Size and Nutritional Regimen on Survival in Adult Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mosquito; blood; carbohydrate; longevity ID ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE DIPTERA; HUMAN BLOOD; SUGAR; AEGYPTI; MOSQUITOS; FEMALES; AVAILABILITY; DISPERSAL; FECUNDITY; LONGEVITY AB The effects of adult body size and nutritional regimen on the mean lethal time (LT) to death for the 50th (LT(50)) and 90th centiles (LT(90)) of large and small male and female Aedes albopictus (Skuse) were determined in the laboratory. The estimated LT(50) and the LT(90) for large/small females were significantly shorter for test populations receiving water (5.1/3.8 d) or water + blood (6.7/5.0 d) than for those receiving sucrose (44.4/31.7 d) or sucrose + blood (41.4/29.2 d). The estimated LT(50) and LT(90) for large/small males receiving water (respectively: 3.2/2.5 d and 4.8/3.8 d) were significantly shorter than for those receiving sucrose (respectively: 18.8/15.9 d and 34.9/32.6 d). The availability of sucrose to adult mosquitoes extended the maximum life span of large and small male and female Ae. albopictus by 6-8X when compared with the availability of water or water + blood. Results indicate that sugar availability is more important than blood as a nutritional parameter for survival and longevity of Ae. albopictus in the laboratory. C1 [Xue, Rui-De] Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist, St Augustine, FL 32085 USA. [Barnard, Donald R.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Muller, Gunter C.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Fac Med, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Xue, RD (reprint author), Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist, 500 Old Beach Rd, St Augustine, FL 32085 USA. EM xueamcd@yahoo.com NR 23 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 8 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 47 IS 5 BP 778 EP 782 DI 10.1603/ME09222 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 649CK UT WOS:000281744600008 PM 20939370 ER PT J AU Thanispong, K Achee, NL Grieco, JP Bangs, MJ Suwonkerd, W Prabaripai, A Chauhan, KR Chareonviriyaphap, T AF Thanispong, Kanutcharee Achee, Nicole L. Grieco, John P. Bangs, Michael J. Suwonkerd, Wannapa Prabaripai, Atchariya Chauhan, Kamlesh R. Chareonviriyaphap, Theeraphap TI A High Throughput Screening System for Determining the Three Actions of Insecticides Against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Populations in Thailand SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; behavioral responses; HITSS; synthetic pyrethroids; DDT ID EXCITO-REPELLENCY; MALARIA VECTORS; CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; AVOIDANCE-BEHAVIOR; ANOPHELES-MINIMUS; RESPONSES; CHEMICALS; MOSQUITOS; DENGUE; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB Chemicals can protect humans from the bites of hemophagous arthropods through three different primary actions: irritancy (excitation), repellency, or toxicity, actions that can be evaluated using a laboratory-based assay system. In this study, the deterrent and toxic actions of three synthetic pyrethroids and DDT were characterized on six field strains of Aedes aegypti from Thailand under laboratory-controlled conditions using the high throughput screening system. All six strains showed significant contact irritant responses to the three synthetic pyrethroids, but significantly weaker irritant responses to DDT. Marked repellency responses were seen in all six Ae. aegypti test strains exposed to DDT, whereas the synthetic pyrethroids resulted in greater toxicity than DDT under similar test conditions. Although significantly different in actions, irritancy and repellency may reflect and be influenced by the background insecticide susceptibility status of a particular mosquito population. Results from this study can be used to guide decision making regarding more effective Ae. aegypti adult control in Thailand. C1 [Thanispong, Kanutcharee; Chareonviriyaphap, Theeraphap] Kasetsart Univ, Dept Entomol, Fac Agr, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. [Achee, Nicole L.; Grieco, John P.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Bangs, Michael J.] JI Kertajasa, Publ Hlth & Malaria Control, Kuala Kencana 99920, Papua, Indonesia. [Suwonkerd, Wannapa] Minist Publ Hlth, Dept Dis Control, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. [Prabaripai, Atchariya] Kasetsart Univ, Div Biostat & Comp, Fac Liberal Art & Sci, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. [Chauhan, Kamlesh R.] ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Plant Sci Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chareonviriyaphap, T (reprint author), Kasetsart Univ, Dept Entomol, Fac Agr, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. EM faasthc@ku.ac.th FU Thailand Research Fund; National Institutes of Health FX This work was supported by the Thailand Research Fund and the National Institutes of Health. NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 8 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 47 IS 5 BP 833 EP 841 DI 10.1603/ME09246 PG 9 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 649CK UT WOS:000281744600016 PM 20939378 ER PT J AU Foil, LD Guerrero, FD Bendele, KG AF Foil, L. D. Guerrero, F. D. Bendele, K. G. TI Detection of Target Site Resistance to Pyrethroids and Organophosphates in the Horn Fly Using Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Haematobia irritans; pyrethroid resistance; organophosphate; discriminating dose; PCR ID IRRITANS-IRRITANS DIPTERA; SODIUM-CHANNEL MUTATIONS; HAEMATOBIA-IRRITANS; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; FLIES DIPTERA; CROSS-RESISTANCE; MUSCA-DOMESTICA; MUSCIDAE; DIAZINON; KDR AB The horn fly, Haematobia irritans L., is an obligate blood-feeding fly and the primary insect pest parasitizing cattle in the United States. Pesticide resistance has become a substantial problem for cattle producers, and although several mechanisms of resistance are possible, target site resistance is the most important mechanism preventing control of this fly in the United States and possibly other countries. We developed a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay to detect the known target site, pyrethroid resistance-associated mutation in the horn fly and a recently reported G262A mutation in the horn fly acetylcholinesterase, the target site for organophosphates. As expected, the pyrethroid resistance target site mutation was found in fly populations from Texas, Louisiana, Washington, Georgia, Mexico, and Brazil. This mutation was found to have a gender bias as it was more prevalent in females than males. The G262A acetylcholinesterase mutation was found in Texas, Louisiana, Washington, Georgia, and Mexico, but not Brazil. There was no gender bias in the occurrence of this mutation, and there was no correlation between the occurrence of the kdr and the G262A mutations. Unlike the case with the pyrethroid target site mutation, the presence of G262A did not appear to exclusively provide the level of resistance required to account for bioassay results. It is likely an additional mutation (s) occurs in the target site and/or a metabolic resistance mechanism exists in organophosphate-resistant horn fly populations. C1 [Foil, L. D.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Guerrero, F. D.; Bendele, K. G.] ARS, USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. RP Foil, LD (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, 404 Life Sci Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 47 IS 5 BP 855 EP 861 DI 10.1603/ME10054 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 649CK UT WOS:000281744600019 PM 20939381 ER PT J AU Turell, MJ Wilson, WC Bennett, KE AF Turell, Michael J. Wilson, William C. Bennett, Kristine E. TI Potential for North American Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) to Transmit Rift Valley Fever Virus SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rift Valley fever; vector; transmission; North America ID SAUDI-ARABIA; CULEX-TARSALIS; PHLEBOTOMUS-DUBOSCQI; SAND FLY; VECTOR; EPIDEMIC; EGYPT; DISSEMINATION; REPLICATION; PSYCHODIDAE AB To determine which arthropods should be targeted for control should Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) be detected in North America, we evaluated Culex erraticus (Dyar and Knab), Culex erythrothorax Dyar, Culex nigripalpus Theobald, Culex pipiens L., Culex quinquefasciatus Say, Culex torsalis Coquillett, Aedes dorsalis (Wiedemann), Aedes vexans (Meigen), Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say, and Culicoides sonorensis Wirth and Jones from the western, midwestern, and southern United States for their ability to transmit RVFV. Female mosquitoes were allowed to feed on adult hamsters inoculated with RVFV, after which engorged mosquitoes were incubated for 7-21 d at 26 degrees C, then allowed to refeed on susceptible hamsters, and tested to determine infection, dissemination, and transmission rates. Other specimens were inoculated intrathoracically, held for 7 d, and then allowed to feed on a susceptible hamster to check for a salivary gland barrier. When exposed to hamsters with viremias >= 18(8.8) plaque-forming units/ml blood, Cx. tarsalis transmitted RVFV efficiently (infection rate = 93%, dissemination rate = 56%, and estimated transmission rate = 52%). In contrast, when exposed to the same virus dose, none of the other species tested transmitted RVFV efficiently. Estimated transmission rates for Cx. erythrothorax, Cx. pipiens, Cx. erraticus, and Ae. dorsalis were 10, 8, 4, and 2%, respectively, and for the remaining species were <= 1%. With the exception of Cx. tarsal is and Cx. pipiens, all species tested had moderate to major salivary gland barriers. None of the C. sonorensis became infected and none of the An. quadrimaculatus tested transmitted RVFV by bite, even after intrathoracic inoculation, indicating that these species would not be competent vectors of RVFV. Although Ae. vexans from Florida and Louisiana were relatively efficient vectors of RVFV, specimens of this species captured in Colorado or California were virtually incompetent, illustrating the need to evaluate local population for their ability to transmit a pathogen. In addition to laboratory vector competence, factors such as seasonal density, host feeding preference, longevity, and foraging behavior should be considered when determining the potential role that these species could play in RVFV transmission. C1 [Turell, Michael J.] US Army Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Vector Assessment, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Wilson, William C.; Bennett, Kristine E.] ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Turell, MJ (reprint author), US Army Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Vector Assessment, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM michael.turell@amedd.army.mil FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Cooperative Research Information Systems (CRIS) [5410-32000-015-00D, 5410-32000-018-00D]; Department of Homeland [HSHQDC-07-X-00982] FX We thank W. Reeves and S. Funderburk, Arthropod-Borne Animal Disease Research Laboratory (ABADRL); L. Terracina, Department of Mosquito and Rodent Control, Calcasieu Parish Police jury (Lake Charles, LA); T. Sandu, North West Mosquito and Vector Control District (Corona, CA); P. Binding, Santa Cruz County Mosquito and Vector Control District (Santa Cruz, CA); S. Schutz, Contra Costa Mosquito and Vector Control District (Concord, CA); and J. Scott, Lake County Vector Control District (Lakeport, CA) for providing mosquitoes. We thank D. Dohm, USAMRIID, for his assistance in testing the mosquitoes; J. Williams for caring for the hamsters; and K. Kenyon for her editorial suggestions. This work was supported in part by United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Cooperative Research Information Systems (CRIS) Projects 5410-32000-015-00D and 5410-32000-018-00D, and a Department of Homeland Security Interagency Agreement HSHQDC-07-X-00982. NR 35 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 4 U2 14 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 47 IS 5 BP 884 EP 889 DI 10.1603/ME10007 PG 6 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 649CK UT WOS:000281744600023 PM 20939385 ER PT J AU Oesterle, P Nemeth, N Doherty, P McLean, R Clark, L AF Oesterle, Paul Nemeth, Nicole Doherty, Paul McLean, Robert Clark, Larry TI Experimental Exposure of Swallow Bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) to West Nile Virus SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cliff swallow; Oeciacus vicarius; Petrochelidon pyrrhonota; swallow bug; West Nile virus ID OECIACUS-VICARIUS; VECTOR COMPETENCE; PIPIENS DIPTERA; TRANSMISSION; MOSQUITOS; CULICIDAE; REPLICATION; CALIFORNIA; ALPHAVIRUS; BIRDS AB The cliff swallow (Petrochelidon pyrrhonota, Vieillot) could potentially play an important role in the transmission of West Nile virus (WNV) because of its breeding ecology, reservoir competence status, and potentially high natural exposure rates. These birds nest in colonies and their nests are occupied year round by swallow bugs (Oeciacus vicarius, Hovarth), hematophagus ecto-parasites that feed primarily on cliff swallows. Swallow bugs are most likely exposed to WNV while feeding on infectious blood of cliff swallows and, thus, if competent vectors, could contribute to initiation and maintenance of seasonal WNV transmission. In addition, swallow bugs remain within nests year round and, therefore, if persistently infected and competent vectors, they could provide an overwintering mechanism for WNV. We tested the hypothesis that swallow bugs become infected with WNV through direct abdominal inoculation or ingestion of infectious blood meals. We observed that swallow bugs did not maintain or amplify WNV, and infectious virus titers within bugs declined over 15 d postexposure. These results suggest that swallow bugs may not be competent vectors of WNV, and therefore are unlikely to play a significant role in transmission. C1 [Oesterle, Paul; McLean, Robert; Clark, Larry] Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Oesterle, Paul; Doherty, Paul] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Nemeth, Nicole] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Oesterle, P (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, 4101 Laporte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM paul.t.oesterle@aphis.usda.gov FU National Institutes of Health [1RO1CI000219-01]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Wildlife Research Center (United States Department of Agriculture/Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service/Wildlife Services) FX We thank Jenella Loye for guidance on husbandry of swallow bugs, and Richard Bowen for use of BSL-3 laboratory space. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant 1RO1CI000219-01 (to L.C.), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the National Wildlife Research Center (United States Department of Agriculture/Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service/Wildlife Services). NR 25 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 47 IS 5 BP 897 EP 901 DI 10.1603/ME10039 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 649CK UT WOS:000281744600025 PM 20939387 ER PT J AU Katritzky, AR Wang, ZQ Slavon, S Dobchev, DA Hall, CD Tsikolia, M Bernier, UR Elejalde, NM Clark, GG Linthicum, KJ AF Katritzky, Alan R. Wang, Zuoquan Slavon, Svetoslav Dobchev, Dimitar A. Hall, C. Dennis Tsikolia, Maia Bernier, Ulrich R. Elejalde, Natasha M. Clark, Gary G. Linthicum, Kenneth J. TI Novel Carboxamides as Potential Mosquito Repellents SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE repellents; carboxamides; quantitative structure-activity relationship; CPT; Aedes aegypti ID N,N-DIETHYL-3-METHYLBENZAMIDE DEET; AEDES-AEGYPTI; AMIDES; IRRADIATION; DERIVATIVES; EXTRACTION; EFFICACY; ACETALS; ASSAYS; TH(IV) AB A model was developed using 167 carboxamide derivatives, from the United States Department of Agriculture archival database, that were tested as arthropod repellents over the past 60 yr. An artificial neural network employing CODESSA PRO descriptors was used to construct a quantitative structure-activity relationship model for prediction of novel mosquito repellents. By correlating the structure of these carboxamides with complete protection time, a measure of repellency based on duration, 34 carboxamides were predicted as candidate mosquito repellents. There were four additional compounds selected on the basis of their structural similarity to those predicted. The compounds were synthesized either by reaction of 1-acylbenzotriazoles with secondary amines or by reaction of acid chlorides with secondary amines in the presence of sodium hydride. The biological efficacy was assessed by duration of repellency on cloth at two dosages (25 and 2.5 mu mol/cm(2)) and by the minimum effective dosage to prevent Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) bites. One compound, (E)-N-cyclohexyl-N-ethyl-2-hexenamide, was superior to N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (deet) at both the high dosage (22 d versus 7 d for deet) and low dosage (5 d versus 2.5 d for deet). Only one of the carboxamides, hexahydro-1-(1-oxohexyl)-1H-azepine, had a minimum effective dosage that was equivalent or slightly better than that of deet (0.033 mu mol/cm(2) versus 0.047 mu mol/cm(2)). C1 [Katritzky, Alan R.; Wang, Zuoquan; Slavon, Svetoslav; Dobchev, Dimitar A.; Hall, C. Dennis] Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Ctr Heterocycl Cpds, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Tsikolia, Maia; Bernier, Ulrich R.; Elejalde, Natasha M.; Clark, Gary G.; Linthicum, Kenneth J.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Katritzky, AR (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Chem, Ctr Heterocycl Cpds, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM Katritzky@chem.ufl.edu FU Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program; United States Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board FX We thank Nathan Newlon and Greg Allen (USDA-Agricultural Research Service-Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology) for laboratory technical support with the bioassays of compounds. This work was partly supported by the Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program and funded by the United States Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board. NR 34 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 8 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 47 IS 5 BP 924 EP 938 DI 10.1603/ME09284 PG 15 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 649CK UT WOS:000281744600030 PM 20939392 ER PT J AU Schmidt, LM Hewlett, TE Green, A Simmons, LJ Kelley, K Doroh, M Stetina, SR AF Schmidt, Liesbeth M. Hewlett, Thomas E. Green, April Simmons, Lee J. Kelley, Karen Doroh, Mark Stetina, Salliana R. TI Molecular and Morphological Characterization and Biological Control Capabilities of a Pasteuria ssp Parasitizing Rotylenchulus reniformis, the Reniform Nematode SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biological control; cotton; reniform nematode; endospore; Gossypium hirsutum; molecular biology; morphometrics; Pasteuria spp.; phylogenetics; Rotylenchulus reniformis; ultrastructure ID NEIGHBOR-JOINING METHOD; RAMOSA METCHNIKOFF 1888; NATURALLY INFESTED SOIL; ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; BACTERIAL PARASITE; PHYLOGENETIC POSITION; OBLIGATE ENDOPARASITE; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; UNITED-STATES AB Rotylenchulus reniformis is one of 10 described species of reniform nematodes and is considered the most economically significant pest within the genus, parasitizing a variety of important agricultural crops. Rotylenchulus reniformis collected from cotton fields in the Southeastern US were observed to have the nematode parasitic bacterium Pasteuria attached to their cuticles. Challenge with a Pasteuria-specific monoclonal antibody in live immuno-fluorescent assay (IFA) confirmed the discovery of Pasteuria infecting R. reniformis. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy were employed to observe endospore ultrastructure and sporogenesis within the host. Pasteuria were observed to infect and complete their life-cycle in juvenile, male and female R. reniformis. Molecular analysis using Pasteuria species-specific and degenerate primers for 16s rRNA and spa!, and subsequent phylogenetic assessment, placed the Pasteuria associated with R. reniformis in a distinct clade within established assemblages for the Pasteuria infecting phytopathogenic nematodes. A global phylogenetic assessment of Pasteuria I (is rDNA using the Neighbor-Joining method resulted in a clear branch with 100% boot-strap support that effectively partitioned the Pasteuria infecting phytopathogenic nematodes from the Pasteuria associated with bacterivorous nematodes. Phylogenetic analysis of the R. reniformis Push:aria and Pasteuria spp. parasitizing a number of economically important plant parasitic nematodes revealed that Pasteuria with different host specificities are closely related and likely constitute biotypes of the same species. This suggests host preference, and thus effective differentiation and classification are most likely predicated by an influential virulence determinant(s) that has yet to he elucidated. Pasteuria Pr3 endospores produced by in vitro fermentation demonstrated efficacy as a commercial bionematicide to control R. reniformis on cotton in pot tests, when applied as a seed treatment and in a granular formulation. Population control was comparable to a seed-applied nematicide/insecticide (thiodicarb/imidacloprid) at a seed coating application rate of 1.0 x 10(8) spores/seed. C1 [Schmidt, Liesbeth M.; Hewlett, Thomas E.; Green, April; Doroh, Mark] Pasteuria Biosci Inc, Alachua, FL 32615 USA. [Simmons, Lee J.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Kelley, Karen] Univ Florida, Interdisciplinary Ctr Biotechnol Res, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Stetina, Salliana R.] ARS, USDA, Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Schmidt, LM (reprint author), Pasteuria Biosci Inc, 12085 Res Dr Suite 185, Alachua, FL 32615 USA. EM lschmidt@pasteuriabio.com FU Pasteuria Bioscience, Inc.; United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [6402-22000-005-00D] FX The authors are grateful for and wish to thank Dr. Patricia Donald, USDA ARS, Jackson, TN; Dr: Gabriel Sciumbato, Mississippi State University, Stoneville, MS; and Prof. James F. Preston III, Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida for providing valuable input and reviewing the manuscript. Thanks to Susan Griswold, Anthony Santos, Donna S. Williams, Kristi N. Jordan and Kim-Backer Kelley for providing technical assistance. The mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States of Department of Agriculture. This research was funded in part by Pasteuria Bioscience, Inc. and the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, project number 6402-22000-005-00D. NR 63 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 42 IS 3 BP 207 EP 217 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 792BL UT WOS:000292715400005 PM 22736858 ER PT J AU Wubben, MJ Callahan, FE AF Wubben, Martin J. Callahan, F. E. TI ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A GHF5 beta-1,4-ENDOGLUCANASE FROM THE RENIFORM NEMATODE (ROTYLENCHULUS RENIFORMIS) SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wubben, Martin J.; Callahan, F. E.] USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 42 IS 3 MA 131 BP 276 EP 277 PG 2 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 792BL UT WOS:000292715400138 ER PT J AU Wu, XL Kang, J Xie, CH Burris, R Ferguson, ME Badger, TM Nagarajan, S AF Wu, Xianli Kang, Jie Xie, Chenghui Burris, Ramona Ferguson, Matthew E. Badger, Thomas M. Nagarajan, Shanmugam TI Dietary Blueberries Attenuate Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice by Upregulating Antioxidant Enzyme Expression SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; E KNOCKOUT MICE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; VASCULAR CELLS; IN-VIVO; BERRY PHENOLICS; OXIDIZED LDL; APOE; PLASMA AB Protective effects of blueberries (BB) against atherosclerosis and potential underlying mechanisms in reducing oxidative stress were examined in apoE-deficient (apoE(-/-)) mice. ApoE(-/-) mice were fed an AIN-93G diet (CD) or CD formulated to contain 1% freeze-dried whole BB for 20 wk. The mean lesion area for apoE(-/-) mice fed BB was reduced by 39% (P < 0.001) in the aorta sinus and 58% (P < 0.001) in the descending aorta compared with CD-fed mice. These atheroprotective effects were independent of the serum lipid profile or total antioxidant capacity (as measured by oxygen radical absorbance capacity). The concentration of a biomarker of lipid peroxidation, F-2-isoprostane, was lower in liver of BB-fed mice (P < 0.05). Genes analyzed by RT-PCR array showed that 4 major antioxidant enzymes in aorta [superoxide dismutase (SOD) 1, SOD2, glutathione reductase (GSR), and thioredoxin reductase 1] were upregulated in BB-fed mice. Enzyme activities of SOD and GSR were greater (P < 0.05) in liver and/or serum of BB-fed mice than those of CD-fed mice. In addition, serum paraoxonase 1 activity in serum of BB-fed mice was also greater than that of CD-fed mice (P < 0.05) at the end of the study. These results suggest a protective effectiveness of BB against atherosclerosis in this apoE(-/-) mouse model. The potential mechanisms may involve reduction in oxidative stress by both inhibition of lipid peroxidation and enhancement of antioxidant defense. J. Nutr. 140: 1628-1632, 2010. C1 [Wu, Xianli; Kang, Jie; Xie, Chenghui; Burris, Ramona; Ferguson, Matthew E.; Badger, Thomas M.; Nagarajan, Shanmugam] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, USDA, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. [Wu, Xianli; Kang, Jie; Xie, Chenghui; Badger, Thomas M.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. [Nagarajan, Shanmugam] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Immunol, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. RP Wu, XL (reprint author), Univ Arkansas Med Sci, USDA, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. EM wuxianli@uams.edu FU USDA [6251-51000-005-02S] FX Supported by the USDA (6251-51000-005-02S) NR 43 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 140 IS 9 BP 1628 EP 1632 DI 10.3945/jn.110.123927 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 642KE UT WOS:000281210800015 PM 20660283 ER PT J AU Martin, CK Thomson, JL LeBlanc, MM Stewart, TM Newton, RL Han, HM Sample, A Champagne, CM Williamson, DA AF Martin, Corby K. Thomson, Jessica L. LeBlanc, Monique M. Stewart, Tiffany M. Newton, Robert L., Jr. Han, Hongmei Sample, Alicia Champagne, Catherine M. Williamson, Donald A. TI Children in School Cafeterias Select Foods Containing More Saturated Fat and Energy than the Institute of Medicine Recommendations SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID US CHILDREN; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; ADOLESCENTS; OVERWEIGHT; PREVALENCE; LOUISIANA; HEALTH AB In this study, we examined if children's food selection met the School Meals Initiative (SMI) standards and the recently released Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations. Mean food selection, plate waste, and food intake were also examined. Food intake of 2049 4th-6th grade students was measured objectively at lunch over 3 d with digital photography in 33 schools. The percent of children whose food selection met the SMI standards and IOM recommendations for energy (kJ), fat and saturated fat, calcium, iron, and vitamin A and C were calculated. The SMI standards provide lower limits for most nutrients; the IOM provides a range of values, including an upper limit for energy. Seventy-seven percent of children's energy selection met the SMI lower limit, but only 16% of children met the IOM's recommended range and 74% of children exceeded the upper limit. More than 70% of children exceeded the SMI and IOM's saturated fat recommendations. Children selected (mean +/- SD) 3168 +/- 621 kJ, discarded 882 +/- 581 kJ, and consumed 2286 +/- 716 kJ. Children were less likely to discard fat than carbohydrate, resulting in proportionally more fat being consumed. Most children met SMI and IOM recommendations for protein, calcium, iron, and vitamin A. With few exceptions, energy selection was similar among groups of children, but plate waste differed (P < 0.001), resulting in greater energy intake among boys compared with girls, Caucasians compared with African Americans, and heavier compared with lighter children. Children's selection was high in saturated fat and, based on IOM criteria, included excess energy. J. Nutr. 140: 1653-1660, 2010. C1 [Martin, Corby K.; Stewart, Tiffany M.; Newton, Robert L., Jr.; Han, Hongmei; Sample, Alicia; Champagne, Catherine M.; Williamson, Donald A.] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. [Thomson, Jessica L.] Louisiana State Univ, Ag Ctr, USDA, Agr Res Serv,So Reg Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [LeBlanc, Monique M.] SE Louisiana Univ, Dept Psychol, Hammond, LA 70402 USA. RP Martin, CK (reprint author), Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, 6400 Perkins Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. EM martinck@pbrc.edu FU NIH [R01 HD048483, K23 DK068052]; USDA [58-6435-4-90]; Nutrition Obesity Research Center (NORC) [1P30 DK0724761]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) FX Supported by NIH grants R01 HD048483 (PI: D. Williamson) and K23 DK068052 (PI: C. Martin) and by the USDA (58-6435-4-90). In addition, this work was partially supported by the Nutrition Obesity Research Center (NORC) (grant no. 1P30 DK0724761 entitled "Nutritional Programming: Environmental and Molecular Interactions" sponsored by National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 140 IS 9 BP 1653 EP 1660 DI 10.3945/jn.109.119131 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 642KE UT WOS:000281210800019 PM 20668251 ER PT J AU Adkins, Y Kelley, DS AF Adkins, Yuriko Kelley, Darshan S. TI Mechanisms underlying the cardioprotective effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids; Cardiovascular disease; Atherosclerosis ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS; ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; LONG-CHAIN N-3; RAT CARDIAC MYOCYTES; FACTOR-KAPPA-B; HUMAN ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-4; LIVER-X-RECEPTOR AB Typical omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) are docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in the form of fish oils and a linolenic acid from flaxseed oil. Epidemiological studies suggested the benefits of n-3 PUFA on cardiovascular health Intervention studies confirmed that the consumption of n-3 PUFA provided benefits for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Evidence from cellular and molecular research studies indicates that the cardioprotective effects of n-3 PUFA result from a synergism between multiple, intricate mechanisms that involve antiinflammation, proresolving lipid mediators, modulation of cardiac ion channels, reduction of triglycerides, influence on membrane microdomains and downstream cell signaling pathways and antithrombotic and antiarrhythmic effects n-3 PUFAs inhibit inflammatory signaling pathways (nuclear factor-kappa B activity) and down-regulate fatty acid (FA) synthesis gene expression (sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c) and up-regulate gene expression involved in FA oxidation (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha) This review examines the various mechanisms by which n-3 PUFA exert beneficial effects against CVD. Published by Elsevier Inc C1 [Kelley, Darshan S.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Kelley, DS (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 W Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM darshan.kelley@ars.usda.gov NR 215 TC 177 Z9 183 U1 13 U2 82 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0955-2863 J9 J NUTR BIOCHEM JI J. Nutr. Biochem. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 21 IS 9 BP 781 EP 792 DI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2009.12.004 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 648RD UT WOS:000281710700001 PM 20382009 ER PT J AU Kaczmarek, KK Pietrantonio, P Coast, G Zabrocki, J Nachman, R AF Kaczmarek, K. K. Pietrantonio, P. Coast, G. Zabrocki, J. Nachman, R. TI A non-peptide mimetic insect kinin agonist interacts with an expressed receptor and an in vitro diuretic assay in the mosquito Aedes aegypti SO JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kaczmarek, K. K.; Zabrocki, J.] Tech Univ Lodz, PL-90924 Lodz, Poland. [Pietrantonio, P.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Coast, G.; Nachman, R.] USDA, SPARC, College Stn, TX USA. RI Kaczmarek, Krzysztof/H-5741-2012 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1075-2617 J9 J PEPT SCI JI J. Pept. Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 16 SU 1 BP 154 EP 154 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 647IC UT WOS:000281610800410 ER PT J AU Dervinis, C Frost, CJ Lawrence, SD Novak, NG Davis, JM AF Dervinis, Christopher Frost, Christopher J. Lawrence, Susan D. Novak, Nicole G. Davis, John M. TI Cytokinin Primes Plant Responses to Wounding and Reduces Insect Performance SO JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION LA English DT Article DE Cytokinin; Priming; Wounding; Populus ID PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; VASCULAR ARCHITECTURE; NICOTIANA-ATTENUATA; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; SYSTEMIC INDUCTION; INDUCED RESISTANCE; DEVELOPING LEAVES; GENE-EXPRESSION; HYBRID POPLAR; GETTING READY AB We report a potential role of endogenous cytokinin supply in priming plant defense against herbivory. Cytokinin priming significantly reduced weight gain by insect larvae. Unlike previously described priming by volatile compounds, priming by cytokinin did not overcome vascular restrictions on systemic wound signaling. However, similar to priming by volatile compounds, cytokinin priming occurred upstream of accumulation of jasmonic acid and its precursor linolenic acid in mechanically wounded source leaves. Cytokinin priming significantly altered wound-induced accumulation of transcripts encoding homologs of allene oxide synthase, trypsin inhibitor, and chitinase. Cytokinin priming may reflect coordination between aboveground inducible defense against herbivory and belowground processes such as nutrient availability. These findings should encourage investigations of how genetic alterations in cytokinin signaling and response pathways may affect plant-herbivore interactions. C1 [Dervinis, Christopher; Davis, John M.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Frost, Christopher J.] Penn State Univ, Sch Forest Resources, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lawrence, Susan D.; Novak, Nicole G.] ARS, USDA, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Davis, JM (reprint author), Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, POB 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jmdavis@ufl.edu FU Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA-NRI) [2007-35302-18087] FX This research was supported by grants from the Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research (DE-AC05-00OR22725 to JMD), and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA-NRI 2007-35302-18087 to CJF). NR 67 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0721-7595 J9 J PLANT GROWTH REGUL JI J. Plant Growth Regul. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 29 IS 3 BP 289 EP 296 DI 10.1007/s00344-009-9135-2 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 628BK UT WOS:000280088900004 ER PT J AU Smith, KP Rasmusson, DC Schiefelbein, E Wiersma, JJ Wiersma, JV Budde, A Dill-Macky, R Steffenson, B AF Smith, K. P. Rasmusson, D. C. Schiefelbein, E. Wiersma, J. J. Wiersma, J. V. Budde, A. Dill-Macky, R. Steffenson, B. TI Registration of 'Rasmusson' Barley SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE; BLOTCH AB 'Rasmusson' (Reg. No. CV-345, PI 658495) is a spring, six-rowed, malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) released by the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station in January 2008. It was named after Donald Rasmusson, who worked as a barley breeder at the University of Minnesota from 1958 to 2000. Rasmusson has the pedigree M95/'Lacey' and is the product of advanced cycle breeding derived from crosses among elite breeding lines within the University of Minnesota breeding program. Rasmusson was released based on its superior yield performance across the Upper Midwest of the United States and surrounding regions in Canada and favorable malting quality, in particular, high malt extract. Rasmusson is resistant to spot blotch [caused by Cochliobolus sativus (Ito and Kuribayashi) Drechs. ex Dastur] and the prevalent races of stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis Pers.: Pers. f. sp. tritici Erikss. & E. Henn). C1 [Smith, K. P.; Rasmusson, D. C.; Schiefelbein, E.; Wiersma, J. J.] Univ Minnesota, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Dill-Macky, R.; Steffenson, B.] Univ Minnesota, Dep Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Wiersma, J. J.] NW Res & Outreach Ctr, Crookston, MN USA. [Budde, A.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Smith, KP (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dep Agron & Plant Genet, 409 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Cir, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM smith376@umn.edu OI Steffenson, Brian/0000-0001-7961-5363 FU American Malting Barley Association; Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station; USDA [MIN-13-030] FX The University of Minnesota barley breeding program is supported in part by the American Malting Barley Association, the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, and USDA HATCH project MIN-13-030. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 167 EP 170 DI 10.3198/jpr2009.10.0622crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 640NO UT WOS:000281058500001 ER PT J AU Burns, JC Godshalk, EB Timothy, DH AF Burns, J. C. Godshalk, E. B. Timothy, D. H. TI Registration of 'Colony' Lowland Switchgrass SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID PRETREATMENT AB 'Colony' (Reg. No. CV-256, PI 658520) is a lowland cytotype of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) developed and released by the USDA-ARS and the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service. Colony was developed from three cycles of selection with random cross-pollination occurring in cycle 0, index selection for forage dry matter yield and in vitro dry matter disappearance and crude protein concentrations in open-pollinated isolation in cycles 1 and 2. Replicated yield trials were conducted for 5 yr in Piedmont and 4 yr in Coastal Plain soils of North Carolina. Associated nutritive value estimates were obtained for the last 3 yr from the Coastal Plain site. The quality of Colony hay was evaluated in replicated animal trials. Colony was released because of its greater dry matter concentration of cellulose and greater cellulose yield per hectare with potential for biomass purposes. C1 [Burns, J. C.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Burns, J. C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Burns, J. C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Anim Sci, N Carolina Agr Res Serv, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Godshalk, E. B.] BASF Plant Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Burns, JC (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM joe.burns@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 189 EP 194 DI 10.3198/jpr2009.12.0722crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 640NO UT WOS:000281058500006 ER PT J AU Lewis, JM Siler, L Souza, E Ng, PKW Dong, YH Brown-Guedira, G Jiang, GL Ward, RW AF Lewis, Janet M. Siler, Lee Souza, Edward Ng, Perry K. W. Dong, Yanhong Brown-Guedira, Gina Jiang, Guo-Liang Ward, Richard W. TI Registration of 'Ambassador' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Ambassador' (Reg. No. CV-1048, PI 656845) soft white winter wheat (Triticurn aestivum L.) was developed by the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station and released in 2007 via an exclusive licensing agreement through Michigan State University (MSU) Technologies. Ambassador was selected from the cross Pioneer '2737W7D1148 made in 1994 at MSU. The objective of the cross was to create a high-yielding soft white winter wheat variety adapted to Michigan and the surrounding region with good agronomic performance and acceptable quality. Soft white winter wheat is used in many wheat-related industries and is a large portion of the wheat market in Michigan. Ambassador is an F(7) derived line, with the original experimental number E0028. In addition to the standard yield-test criteria, milling and baking performances were also considered for selection. Ambassador was released because of its excellent grain yield, flour yield, and good winterhardiness. Its primary weaknesses include low test weight and high susceptibility to Fusarium head blight (caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe) and associated deoxynivalenol accumulation. Ambassador is well adapted to Michigan and Ontario, Canada and has also produced high yields throughout the region. The name was chosen because Ambassador's performance excels in both the United States (Michigan) and Canada (Ontario), bringing together whitewheat growers on both sides of the border. C1 [Lewis, Janet M.; Siler, Lee; Jiang, Guo-Liang; Ward, Richard W.] Michigan State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ng, Perry K. W.] Michigan State Univ, Dep Food Sci & Human Nutr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Souza, Edward] ARS, USDA, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Dong, Yanhong] Univ Minnesota, Dep Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina] NCSU, USDA, ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Lewis, JM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, 286 Plant & Soil Sci Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM lewisja6@msu.edu RI ward, Rick/F-8954-2013 OI ward, Rick/0000-0003-4436-0019 FU Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service; Eastern Soft White Wheat Committee; Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station; Michigan Crop Improvement Association; Michigan State Miller's Association; U.S. Department of Agriculture [59-0790-6-061] FX This material is based upon work supported in part by the Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service, the Eastern Soft White Wheat Committee, the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station, the Michigan Crop Improvement Association, and the Michigan State Miller's Association. In addition, this material is based upon work supported in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture under Agreement No. 59-0790-6-061. This is a cooperative project with the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. We also acknowledge the work of our cooperators, including those involved in the Uniform Eastern Soft Red Winter Wheat Nursery, coordinated by Harold Bockelman (USDA-ARS), the Uniform Eastern Soft White Wheat Nursery, and the Uniform Ontario Performance Trial. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 195 EP 204 DI 10.3198/jpr2009.05.0243crc PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 640NO UT WOS:000281058500007 ER PT J AU Lewis, JM Siler, L Souza, E Ng, PKW Dong, YH Jiang, GL Ward, RW AF Lewis, Janet M. Siler, Lee Souza, Edward Ng, Perry K. W. Dong, Yanhong Jiang, Guo-Liang Ward, Richard W. TI Registration of 'Coral' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE; SCAB AB 'Coral' (Reg. No. CV-1047, PI 658527) soft white winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed by the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station and released in March 2008 via an exclusive licensing agreement through Michigan State University (MSU) Technologies. The objective of the cross and selection was to develop an agronomically acceptable wheat cultivar with high yields in Michigan, improved resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB, caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe), reduced levels of deoxynivalenol (DON), and acceptable end-use quality. Coral was selected from the cross D3913/D0331 made in 1995. The cultivar is an F-6-derived line, and the original experimental number is E2017. In addition to standard yield-test criteria, milling and baking performance were also considered for selection. Coral was released because of its improved FHB resistance and lower DON levels (compared with other high-yielding soft white winter wheat cultivars grown in Michigan), reasonable test weight, and the fact that it is awnletted (not awned). Its primary weaknesses identified to date are susceptibility to powdery mildew [caused by Blumeria graminis (DC.) E.O. Speer] and stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend.). Coral is well adapted to Michigan. C1 [Lewis, Janet M.; Siler, Lee; Jiang, Guo-Liang; Ward, Richard W.] Michigan State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ng, Perry K. W.] Michigan State Univ, Dep Food Sci & Human Nutr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Souza, Edward] ARS, USDA, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Dong, Yanhong] Univ Minnesota, Dep Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Lewis, JM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, 286 Plant & Soil Sci Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM lewisja6@msu.edu RI ward, Rick/F-8954-2013 OI ward, Rick/0000-0003-4436-0019 FU Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service; Eastern Soft White Wheat Committee; Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station; Michigan State Miller's Association; U.S. Department of Agriculture [59-0790-6-061] FX This material is based on work supported in part by the Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service, the Eastern Soft White Wheat Committee, the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station, and the Michigan State Miller's Association. In addition, this material is based on work supported in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 59-0790-6-061. This is a cooperative project with the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 205 EP 214 DI 10.3198/jpr2009.10.0561crc PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 640NO UT WOS:000281058500008 ER PT J AU Lewis, JM Siler, L Souza, E Ng, PKW Dong, YH Brown-Guedira, G Jiang, GL Ward, RW AF Lewis, Janet M. Siler, Lee Souza, Edward Ng, Perry K. W. Dong, Yanhong Brown-Guedira, Gina Jiang, Guo-Liang Ward, Richard W. TI Registration of 'Red Amber' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Red Amber' (Reg. No. CV-1046, PI 658657) soft red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed by the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station and released March 2008 via an exclusive licensing agreement through Michigan State University (MSU) Technologies. Red Amber was selected from the cross Pioneer variety '2555'/'Lowell' made in 1995. The cultivar is an F(10) derived line, and the original experimental number with MSU is D8006R. In addition to standard yield test criteria, milling and baking performances also were considered for selection. Red Amber was released because of its good grain yield, high flour yield, and resistance to powdery mildew [caused by Blumeria graminis (DC.) Speer]. Red Amber is well adapted to Michigan. The name was given because it is a red wheat released from a breeding program that was previously dedicated to white wheat breeding, and amber is valued for its color quality. C1 [Lewis, Janet M.; Siler, Lee; Jiang, Guo-Liang; Ward, Richard W.] Michigan State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ng, Perry K. W.] Michigan State Univ, Dep Food Sci & Human Nutr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Souza, Edward] ARS, USDA, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Dong, Yanhong] Univ Minnesota, Dep Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina] N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Lewis, JM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, 286 Plant & Soil Sci Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM lewisja6@msu.edu RI ward, Rick/F-8954-2013 OI ward, Rick/0000-0003-4436-0019 FU Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service; Eastern Soft White Wheat Committee; Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station; Michigan State Miller's Association; U.S. Department of Agriculture [59-0790-6-061] FX This material is based on work supported in part by the Cooperative State Research Education and Extension Service, the Eastern Soft White Wheat Committee, the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station, and the Michigan State Miller's Association. In addition, this material is based on work supported in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 59-0790-6-061. This is a cooperative project with the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. We also acknowledge the work of our cooperators, including those involved in the Uniform Eastern Soft Red Winter Wheat Nursery, coordinated by Harold Bockelman (USDA-ARS). NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 215 EP 223 DI 10.3198/jpr2009.10.0587crc PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 640NO UT WOS:000281058500009 ER PT J AU Chen, J Souza, EJ Bosque-Perez, NA Guttieri, MJ O'Brien, KL Windes, JM Guy, SO Brown, BD Chen, XM Zemetra, RS AF Chen, J. Souza, E. J. Bosque-Perez, N. A. Guttieri, M. J. O'Brien, K. L. Windes, J. M. Guy, S. O. Brown, B. D. Chen, X. M. Zemetra, R. S. TI Registration of 'Ul Winchester' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'UI Winchester' (Reg. No. CV-1049, PI 642362) hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed by the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station and released in July 2009. UI Winchester was developed using the bulk-pedigree selection method and was released for its improved resistance to stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Eriks.) combined with its resistance to Hessian fly [Mayetiola destructor (Say)] and for its comparable or better yield and end-use quality performance compared with the three widely adapted hard red spring wheat cultivars 'Jefferson' (PI 603040), 'Jerome' (PI 632712), and 'WestBred 936'. UI Winchester is named after the town of Winchester, Idaho. It was tested under experimental numbers A9356S and IDO578 and has the pedigree 'WestBred 926'/WA7702. UI Winchester is adapted to both irrigated and rainfed conditions, but it is better adapted to the rainfed production systems of the intermountain zone of the western United States. C1 [Chen, J.; O'Brien, K. L.; Windes, J. M.] Univ Idaho, Aberdeen Res & Extens Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Bosque-Perez, N. A.; Zemetra, R. S.] Univ Idaho, Dep Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Souza, E. J.] USDA ARS, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Guttieri, M. J.] Ohio State Univ, Hort & Crop Sci Dep, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Guy, S. O.] Washington State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Brown, B. D.] Univ Idaho, Parma Res & Extens Ctr, Parma, ID 83660 USA. [Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Aberdeen Res & Extens Ctr, 1693 S 2700 W, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM jchen@uidaho.edu FU Idaho Wheat Commission; Idaho Agricultural Experimental Station; Hatch FX UI Winchester was developed with financial support from the Idaho Wheat Commission, the Idaho Agricultural Experimental Station, and the Hatch Act. The authors wish to acknowledge the technical assistance of Leland Sorensen, Jack Clayton, Peggy Spilker, Dennis Schotzko, Thomas Koehler, and Jim Whitmore. The authors are grateful to growers Hans Hayden, Lynn Carlquist, Verl Christensen, and Gilbert Hoffmeister for providing technical support and land for trials. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 224 EP 227 DI 10.3198/jpr2009.09.0520crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 640NO UT WOS:000281058500010 ER PT J AU Bregitzer, P Raboy, V Obert, DE AF Bregitzer, Phil Raboy, Victor Obert, Donald E. TI Registration of LP1-2581, LP1-2163H, LP3-1159, and LP640-1304 Low-Phytate Spring Barley Germplasm Lines SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID PHYTIC-ACID; SEED PHOSPHORUS AB The Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Dep. of Agriculture (USDA-ARS) has developed and released four low-phytate spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) germplasm lines: LP1-2581 (Reg. No. GP-196, PI 658245), LP1-2163H (Reg. No. GP-199, PI 658248), LP3-1159 (Reg. No. GP-198, PI 658247), and LP640-1304 (Reg. No. GP-197, PI 658246). The low phytate trait derives from sodium azide-induced mutations. In these lines, phytate the primary form of phosphorus in grain is significantly reduced, and inorganic phosphorus is increased. Total phosphorus is unchanged or reduced slightly. Phytate cannot be digested by monogastric animals and is an effective chelator of nutritionally important minerals. Low-phytate barley has been associated with increased phosphorus and mineral nutrition and reduced phosphorus excretion when fed to monogastric animals. Each of these lines represents a unique combination of genetic background and a low-phytate allele. Each mutant allele represents a mutation at a different locus. These lines may be useful for the production of future low-phytate cultivars or for genetic and biochemical studies. C1 [Bregitzer, Phil; Raboy, Victor; Obert, Donald E.] USDA ARS, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Bregitzer, P (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, 1691 S 2700 W, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM phil.bregitzer@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 228 EP 231 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.01.0024crg PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 640NO UT WOS:000281058500011 ER PT J AU Percy, RG Campbell, BT Chee, PW Jones, DC Lubbers, EL Myers, GO Ulloa, M AF Percy, R. G. Campbell, B. T. Chee, P. W. Jones, D. C. Lubbers, E. L. Myers, G. O. Ulloa, M. TI Registration of CRB 252, an Upland Cotton Germplasm Line with Improved Fiber Quality Traits SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB The upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm line CRB 252 (Reg. No GP-925, PI 658596) was developed, evaluated, and jointly released in 2009 by the USDA-ARS, the Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Station, and Cotton Incorporated. The purpose of the release was to provide a broadly adapted, high fiber-quality resource for facilitating fiber improvement efforts across the U.S. Cotton Belt. CRB 252 originated from the cross 'Suregrow 248'/'Phytogen 727'//'Stoneville 474'/'Acala Maxxa', followed by individual plant selection in the F2 and F3 generations at the low-desert location of Maricopa, AZ and F3.5 progeny selection at five locations distributed across the Cotton Belt. Evaluation of CRB 252 occurred in 13 location-year environments at Florence, SC; Blackville, SC; Tifton, GA; Plains, GA; Alexandria, LA; Maricopa, AZ; and Shafter, CA in 2007 and 2008. CRB 252 displayed fiber length and micronaire values superior to those of the high fiber-quality check cultivars Phytogen 72 and FM 958. The fiber strength and short-fiber content of CRB 252 was superior to those of FM 958. Lint yield of CRB 252 was superior to that of Phytogen 72 and did not differ from FM 958. CRB 252 is an excellent source of quality fiber, with acceptable yield potential that appears to be stable across production environments. C1 [Percy, R. G.] USDA ARS, SPARC, Crop Germplasm Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Campbell, B. T.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Chee, P. W.; Lubbers, E. L.] Univ Georgia, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Jones, D. C.] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. [Myers, G. O.] Louisiana State Univ, AgCtr, SPESS, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Ulloa, M.] USDA ARS, Western Integrated Cropping Syst Res Unit, Shafter, CA 93263 USA. RP Percy, RG (reprint author), USDA ARS, SPARC, Crop Germplasm Unit, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM Richard.Percy@ars.usda.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 236 EP 239 DI 10.3198/jpr2009.12.0717crg PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 640NO UT WOS:000281058500013 ER PT J AU Zeng, L Meredith, WR Campbell, BT AF Zeng, L. Meredith, W. R., Jr. Campbell, B. T. TI Registration of Four Exotic Germplasm Lines Derived from an Introgressed Population of Cotton SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID FIBER PROPERTIES AB John Cotton (JC) cotton germplasm was developed from multiple crosses between Gossypium hirsutum L. and G. barbadense L. JC14 (Reg. No. GP-921, PI 658308), JC32 (Reg. No. GP-922, PI 658309), JC60 (Reg. No. GP-923, PI 658310), and JC65 (Reg. No. GP-924, PI 658311) were released by the USDA-ARS in 2009 for their exceptional fiber quality or desirable combinations of lint yield and fiber properties. These lines were tested for agronomic performance and fiber quality in 2006, 2007, and 2008 at three locations. JC14 and JC60 averaged 277 and 281 kN m kg(-1), respectively, for bundle strength over 3 yr compared with 258 kN m kg(-1) for the high quality check 'Phytogen 72' (PHY72). The properties of 50% span length, short fiber content, and fineness in these two lines were also superior to those of PHY72. Lint yield of JC65 averaged 1190 kg ha(-1), compared with 1565 and 1090 kg ha(-1) for 'Deltapine 555BG/RR' and PHY72, respectively. Elongation (8.06%), short fiber content (3.46%), and fineness (174 mg km(-1)) in JC65 were all superior to those of PHY72. Lint yield of JC32 averaged 1161 kg ha(-1) with 8.21% elongation, 3.52% short fiber content, and 174 mg km(-1) fineness. The superior traits in these lines can be incorporated into Upland cotton cultivars for genetic improvement of both lint yield and fiber quality. C1 [Zeng, L.; Meredith, W. R., Jr.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Delta Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Campbell, B. T.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. RP Zeng, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Delta Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM linghe.zeng@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 240 EP 243 DI 10.3198/jpr2009.10.0597crg PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 640NO UT WOS:000281058500014 ER PT J AU Paul, C Bowen, CR Bandyopadhyay, R Tefera, H Adeleke, R Sikora, E Pegues, MD Hartman, GL AF Paul, C. Bowen, C. R. Bandyopadhyay, R. Tefera, H. Adeleke, R. Sikora, E. Pegues, M. D. Hartman, G. L. TI Registration of Three Soybean Germplasm Lines Resistant to Phakopsora pachyrhizi (Soybean Rust) SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID NIGERIA AB Soybean rust, caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow, is one of the most important foliar diseases of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Development of rust-resistant lines is one objective of many soybean breeding programs. Three soybean germplasm lines designated as TGx 1987-76F (Reg. No. GP-369, PI 657702), TGx 1987-118F (Reg. No. GP-370, PI 657703), and TGx 1987-129F (Reg. No. GP-368, PI 657701) with resistance to P. pachyrhizi and to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines (Nakano) Vauterin, Hoste, Kersters & Swings (bacterial pustule) were selected from lines developed by the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) in collaboration with the USDA-ARS at the University of Illinois. These lines were derived from a tropical soybean rust-resistant cultivar UG5, and a rust-susceptible, high-yielding elite breeding line, TGx 1805-31F. A total of 297 F(7) lines were evaluated for rust resistance under greenhouse conditions using whole inoculated plants, in the laboratory using detached leaves, and under field conditions in Nigeria and Alabama (287 lines). Based on assessments from these various tests, these three lines have combinations of high levels of rust and bacterial pustule resistance, good agronomic traits, and adaptable maturity to the southern U.S. soybean breeding programs. Breeders will find the three lines useful as rust-resistant parental material in rust-prone areas. C1 [Bandyopadhyay, R.; Tefera, H.; Adeleke, R.] IITA, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Paul, C.] Univ Illinois, Dep Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bowen, C. R.] Univ Illinois, ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Sikora, E.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Pegues, M. D.] Auburn Univ, Gulf Coast Res & Extens Ctr, Fairhope, AL 36532 USA. RP Bandyopadhyay, R (reprint author), IITA, Oyo Rd,PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria. EM r.bandyopadhyay@cgiar.org RI Bowen, Chris/B-3087-2008 OI Bowen, Chris/0000-0002-5880-9131 FU United States Agency for International Development (USAID); USDA-ARS at the University of Illinois FX A United States Agency for International Development (USAID) linkage grant to the IITA and the USDA-ARS at the University of Illinois is acknowledged for funding the Phakopsora pachyrhizi research that led to the development of the new soybean germplasm. We would also like to thank Dr. Phinehas Tukamuhabwa, at Makerere University, Uganda, for providing the seeds of UG5. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 244 EP 248 DI 10.3198/jpr2009.07.0413crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 640NO UT WOS:000281058500015 ER PT J AU Hulke, BS Miller, JF Gulya, TJ AF Hulke, B. S. Miller, J. F. Gulya, T. J. TI Registration of the Restorer Oilseed Sunflower Germplasm RHA 464 Possessing Genes for Resistance to Downy Mildew and Sunflower Rust SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID PUCCINIA-HELIANTHI; PLASMOPARA-HALSTEDII; NORTH-DAKOTA; AUSTRALIA; LINES AB Sunflower rust (caused by Puccinia helianthi Schwein.) has become a more significant threat to U.S. sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) production as a result of the multiplicity of races, increasing incidence, and lack of commercial hybrids with resistance. Thus, there is a need for new sources of effective rust resistance in the sunflower breeding community. At the same time, resistance to downy mildew [caused by Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. & De Toni] is also critical to parental line development because of the major impact of this disease over years. Our objective was to produce a restorer sunflower germplasm with resistance to the most virulent race of sunflower rust, race 777, and combine with it the best currently available downy mildew resistance in a high-yielding genetic background. We achieved this objective by using the pedigree breeding method with early generation selection for rust and downy mildew resistance and late-generation testcross evaluation for yield. The resulting restorer oilseed sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) germplasm, 'RHA 464' (Reg. No. GP-325; PI 655015; experimental '05 187'), which has resistance to the two pathogens of interest, was released by the USDA-ARS and the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, Fargo, ND, to fill the urgent need in the sunflower industry for breeding lines with elite genetic background and disease resistance. C1 [Hulke, B. S.; Miller, J. F.; Gulya, T. J.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Hulke, BS (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, 1307 18th St N,POB 5677, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM brent.hulke@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 249 EP 254 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.02.0114crg PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 640NO UT WOS:000281058500016 ER PT J AU Costa, JM Bockelman, HE Brown-Guedira, G Cambron, SE Chen, XM Cooper, A Cowger, C Dong, YH Grybauskas, A Jin, Y Kolmer, J Murphy, JP Sneller, C Souza, E AF Costa, Jose M. Bockelman, Harold E. Brown-Guedira, Gina Cambron, Sue E. Chen, Xianming Cooper, Aaron Cowger, Christina Dong, Yanghong Grybauskas, Arvydas Jin, Yue Kolmer, James Murphy, J. Paul Sneller, Clay Souza, Edward TI Registration of the Soft Red Winter Wheat Germplasm MD01W233-06-1 Resistant to Fusarium Head Blight SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID SPRING WHEAT AB Fusarium head blight (FHB) [caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe; telomorph Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Patch] is a major disease of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the US mid-Atlantic region. The objective of this research was to derive soft red winter wheat (SRWW) germplasm with enhanced FHB resistance for this region. MD01W233-06-1 (Reg. No. GP-857, PI No. 658682) is a soft red winter wheat (SRWW) (Triticum aestivum L.) germplasm line developed at the University of Maryland and released by the Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station in 2009. MD01W233-06-1 was selected from the cross 'McCormick'/'Choptank' made in 2001. McCormick and Choptank are SRWW cultivars adapted to the US mid-Atlantic region. MD01W233-06-1 was selected as an F(3:5) line selection in Queenstown, MD in June 2006. MD01W233-06-1 has type II resistance to FHB that is different from that of 'Sumai 3'. Additionally, it has resistance to the Ug99 race of stem rust. These characteristics make this line a valuable contribution for breeding for enhanced FHB resistance in the US mid-Atlantic. C1 [Costa, Jose M.; Cooper, Aaron; Grybauskas, Arvydas] Univ Maryland, Dep Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Bockelman, Harold E.] USDA ARS, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina; Cowger, Christina] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Cambron, Sue E.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Dep Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Dong, Yanghong] Univ Minnesota, Dep Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chen, Xianming] USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Souza, Edward] USDA ARS, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Jin, Yue; Kolmer, James] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Murphy, J. Paul] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Sneller, Clay] Ohio State Univ, Dep Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Costa, JM (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dep Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM costaj@umd.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-0790-5-078] FX The development of this cultivar was supported in part by the Maryland Grain Producers Utilization Board and the Maryland Crop Improvement Association. This material is based on work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement No. 58-0790-5-078. This is a cooperative project with the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 255 EP 260 DI 10.3198/jpr2010.01.0034crg PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 640NO UT WOS:000281058500017 ER PT J AU Oard, JH Moldenhauer, K Fjellstrom, B Nelson, JC Scheffler, B Linscombe, S Correll, J Silva, J May, GD AF Oard, James H. Moldenhauer, Karen Fjellstrom, Bob Nelson, James C. Scheffler, Brian Linscombe, Steve Correll, James Silva, James May, Greg D. TI Registration of the MY2 'Cypress'/'LaGrue' Rice Recombinant Inbred Line Mapping Population SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; GRAIN QUALITY TRAITS; MILLING QUALITY; IDENTIFICATION; CROSS AB Grain quality plays a crucial economic role for producers, millers, and exporters of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The objective of this research was to develop a japonica-based rice recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population to assist in the identification of genomic regions associated with whole-grain milling (head rice), five additional seed-related characters, and two agronomic traits. The 'Cypress'/'LaGrue' mapping population (Reg. No. MP-4, NSL 466304) was developed under the Rice Coordinated Agricultural Project (RiceCAP) and released by the Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA in 2009. The mapping population consisted of 298 F(2:6) RILs from which a linkage map was constructed using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to identify the quantitative trait loci underlying the above mentioned traits. To complement the SSR marker information, the DNA sequence of the two parental nuclear genomes at fivefold coverage has been determined. A database consisting of single nucleotide polymorphisms between the two parents has been posted at a public website. This mapping population and related datasets represent a valuable resource for basic rice genomic and applied marker-assisted breeding efforts in grain quality and associated traits. C1 [Oard, James H.; Silva, James] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Moldenhauer, Karen] Univ Arkansas, Div Agr, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Fjellstrom, Bob] Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, USDA, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Correll, James] Kansas State Univ, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 4024, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Scheffler, Brian] USDA ARS, MSA Genom Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Linscombe, Steve] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Rice Res Stn, Crowley, LA 70527 USA. [Correll, James] Univ Arkansas, Dep Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [May, Greg D.] Natl Ctr Genome Resources, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. RP Oard, JH (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, Ctr Agr, 104 Sturgis Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM joard@agcenter.lsu.edu OI Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 FU National Research initiative of USDA's Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2004-35317-14867]; Louisiana Rice Research Board; Arkansas Rice Research Board; Louisiana State University Agricultural Experiment Station; Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station; Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Stuttgart, AR FX Financial support is acknowledged from the National Research initiative of USDA's Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, Coordinate Agricultural Project grant number 2004-35317-14867. Additional support is acknowledged from the Louisiana Rice Research Board, the Arkansas Rice Research Board, the Louisiana State University Agricultural Experiment Station, the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station, and the Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, Stuttgart, AR. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 4 IS 3 BP 261 EP 265 DI 10.3198/jpr2009.11.0668crmp PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 640NO UT WOS:000281058500018 ER PT J AU Liu, ZS Erhan, S AF Liu, Zengshe Erhan, Sevim Z. TI Preparation of Soybean Oil Polymers with High Molecular Weight SO JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Soybean oil; Polymer; Supercritical carbon dioxide; Boron trifluoride diethyl etherate ID FREE-RADICAL TERPOLYMERIZATION; NON-HOMOPOLYMERIZABLE MONOMERS; SOLID FREEFORM FABRICATION; POLYALKYLENEAMINE CURING AGENTS; POLYMERIZATION; COMPOSITES; NANOCOMPOSITES; COPOLYMERS; BIS AB The cationic polymerization of soybean oils was initiated by boron trifluoride diethyl etherate in supercritical carbon dioxide medium. The resulting polymers had molecular weight ranging from 21,842 to 118,300 g/mol. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography analysis confirmed the polymerization had occurred. Parameters affecting the polymerization were studied, which included initiator amount and reaction time. Results show that the longer reaction time, up to 3 h, favored the higher molecular weight of polymers at conditions of 140 A degrees C and initiator BF(3)center dot OEt(2) (2.5 g, 0.018 mol). When reaction time was increased further, the molecular weight of polymers stayed the same or slightly decreased. Increased concentration of initiator gave the higher molecular weight of polymers. The high molecular weight polymers were possibly formed through two path ways: polymerization and intermolecular Diels-Alder reaction. C1 [Liu, Zengshe; Erhan, Sevim Z.] ARS, Food & Ind Oil Res, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Liu, ZS (reprint author), ARS, Food & Ind Oil Res, USDA, NCAUR, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM kevin.liu@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1566-2543 J9 J POLYM ENVIRON JI J. Polym. Environ. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 18 IS 3 BP 243 EP 249 DI 10.1007/s10924-010-0179-y PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 682BR UT WOS:000284374200012 ER PT J AU Leung, J Larive, B Dwyer, J Hibberd, P Jacques, P Rand, W AF Leung, June Larive, Brett Dwyer, Johanna Hibberd, Patricia Jacques, Paul Rand, William CA HEMO Study Grp TI Folic Acid Supplementation and Cardiac and Stroke Mortality among Hemodialysis Patients SO JOURNAL OF RENAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS; VASCULAR-DISEASE; B-VITAMINS; HOMOCYSTEINE; HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA AB Objective: We sought to assess whether the use of folic acid vitamin supplements reduced cardiac and stroke mortality in hemodialysis patients. Further, we examined whether the consumption of folic acid from vitamin supplements >1000 mu g compared with the standard 1000 mu g, and 1000 mu g compared with either a lower dose or no consumption, were associated with reduced cardiac and stroke mortality risk. Design: We performed a secondary analysis of data from the Hemodialysis Study, a randomized clinical trial examining dialysis treatment regimens over a 3-year follow-up. Participants: Participants included 1846 hemodialysis patients previously participating in the Hemodialysis Study. Interventions: There were no interventions. Main Outcome Measure: Cardiac and stroke mortality were our main outcome measures. Results: Based on time-dependent Cox proportional hazard regression models, folic acid consumption from vitamin supplements, above or below the standard 1000-mu g dose, was not associated with a decrease or increase in cardiac mortality (P = .53, above vs. standard dose; P = .46, below vs. standard dose). There was also no association between folic acid consumption and mortality from stroke (P = .27, above vs. standard dose; P = .64, below vs. standard dose). Conclusion: The consumption of higher than the standard 1000-mu g prescribed dose of folic acid was not beneficial in reducing cardiac or stroke mortality in hemodialysis patients. Similarly, the consumption of less than the standard dose was not associated with an increase in either cardiac or stroke mortality. (C) 2010 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Leung, June] Tufts Univ, Frances Stern Nutr Ctr, Tufts Med Ctr, Gerald J & Dorothy R Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Poli, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Larive, Brett] Cleveland Clin, Dept Quantitat Hlth Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med & Community Hlth, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna; Jacques, Paul] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hibberd, Patricia; Rand, William] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Family Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hibberd, Patricia] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hibberd, Patricia] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Leung, J (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Frances Stern Nutr Ctr, Tufts Med Ctr, Gerald J & Dorothy R Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Poli, 750 Washington St,Box 783, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM june.leung@tufts.edu OI Dwyer, Johanna/0000-0002-0783-1769 FU National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health; National Kidney Foundation Council on Renal Nutrition FX This study was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health, and by a Research Grant from the National Kidney Foundation Council on Renal Nutrition. NR 55 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 1051-2276 J9 J RENAL NUTR JI J. Renal Nutr. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 20 IS 5 BP 293 EP 302 DI 10.1053/j.jrn.2010.01.005 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Urology & Nephrology SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Urology & Nephrology GA 641HU UT WOS:000281116300002 PM 20303789 ER PT J AU Leung, J Dwyer, J Hibberd, P Jacques, P Rand, W AF Leung, June Dwyer, Johanna Hibberd, Patricia Jacques, Paul Rand, William TI Imputation Methods for Handling Missing Dietary Supplement Dosage Data SO JOURNAL OF RENAL NUTRITION LA English DT Letter ID PROSTATE-CANCER; VITAMIN-A; RISK; MEN C1 [Leung, June; Dwyer, Johanna; Jacques, Paul] Tufts Univ, Gerald J & Dorothy R Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Poli, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna] Tufts Univ, Dept Med & Community Hlth, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna; Jacques, Paul] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res, Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hibberd, Patricia; Rand, William] Tufts Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hibberd, Patricia] Tufts Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hibberd, Patricia] Tufts Univ, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Leung, J (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Gerald J & Dorothy R Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Poli, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM june.leung@tufts.edu OI Dwyer, Johanna/0000-0002-0783-1769 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 1051-2276 J9 J RENAL NUTR JI J. Renal Nutr. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 20 IS 5 BP 342 EP 347 DI 10.1053/j.jrn.2010.03.006 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Urology & Nephrology SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Urology & Nephrology GA 641HU UT WOS:000281116300009 PM 20580252 ER PT J AU Delgado, JA AF Delgado, Jorge A. TI Crop residue is a key for sustaining maximum food production and for conservation of our biosphere SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article ID PRECISION CONSERVATION; SOIL-EROSION; NITROGEN LOSSES; MANAGEMENT; TILLAGE; CARBON; ENVIRONMENT; EMISSIONS; ROTATION; IMPACTS C1 ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Delgado, JA (reprint author), ARS, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 51 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 65 IS 5 BP 111A EP 116A DI 10.2489/jswc.65.5.111A PG 6 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 651ES UT WOS:000281908500003 ER PT J AU Muminov, T Nasyrov, M Van Pelt, RS Safarov, AA Halikulov, AV Hushmuradov, SX AF Muminov, Tolib Nasyrov, Muhtor Van Pelt, R. Scott Safarov, Akmal A. Halikulov, Amriddin V. Hushmuradov, Shaymon X. TI Radionuclides in soils along a mountain-Basin transect in the Koratepa Mountains of Uzbekistan SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article ID EROSION C1 [Muminov, Tolib] Natl Univ Uzbekistan, Appl Phys Res Inst, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. [Van Pelt, R. Scott] ARS, USDA, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, Big Spring, TX USA. [Nasyrov, Muhtor; Safarov, Akmal A.; Halikulov, Amriddin V.; Hushmuradov, Shaymon X.] Samarkand State Univ, Dept Nucl Phys, Samarkand, Uzbekistan. RP Muminov, T (reprint author), Natl Univ Uzbekistan, Appl Phys Res Inst, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 65 IS 5 BP 117A EP 121A DI 10.2489/jswc.65.5.117A PG 5 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 651ES UT WOS:000281908500004 ER PT J AU Smith, DR Pappas, E AF Smith, D. R. Pappas, E. TI Do plot studies generate "directionally" correct assessments of field-level phosphorus losses? SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Conservation Effects Assessment Project; no-tillage; rotational tillage; water quality ID SURFACE RUNOFF; SIMULATED RAINFALL; NUTRIENT LOSSES; POULTRY LITTER; SOIL; TRANSPORT; WATER; HYDROLOGY; INTENSITY; GRASSLAND AB The National Phosphorus Research Project coordinated a tremendous amount of research at the plot scale to assess the influence of nutrient management on phosphorus (P) transport at the fields scale. The objective of this research was to determine if plot-scale-rainfall simulations could be used to assess P transport from two fields that were managed using no-tillage or rotational tillage. Plots were constructed within the management zone but adjacent to monitored fields. Phosphorus transport at the field scale from throughout the growing season was compared to confidence limits established by the rainfall simulations, and a secondary analysis compared values from individual stun us CO the rainfall simulations. Soluble phosphorus (SP) loads from the no-tillage AS1 field (75 g h(-1) [0.066 lb ac(-1)]) were greater than from the rotationally tilled AS2 field (11g ha(-1) [0.010 lb ac(-1)]) in 2004. Stratification of P in the uppermost portion of die soil profile is a known contributor to SP loading in long-term no-tillage fields. This trend was reversed in 2006 though, as SP loads were 16 g ha(-1) (0.014 lb ac(-1)) from the AS1 field and 55 g ha(-1) (0.049 lb ac(-1)) from the AS2 field. The greater loads from die AS2 field were due to greater discharge and a greater P application rate, compared to the AS1 field. Soluble P and total P loads were generally directionally correct, but the values obtained from plots were not necessarily similar to those observed at the field scale. Precipitation normalized loads for SP and total P were the most similar metric when comparing values from the plot to the field scale (i.e., more field scale values fell within the 95% confidence limits set by the plot data than the other metrics). Using cumulative field-scale data from each year or the mean values from storms by year did not appear to change the results of this study. This study would appear to confirm that the management decisions based on die National Phosphorus Research Project are likely to be sound and will probably lead to improved quality of runoff water from fields. Precipitation normalized loads appear to be a metric that may provide additional insight into P transport at various scales. C1 [Smith, D. R.; Pappas, E.] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN USA. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 4 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 65 IS 5 BP 289 EP 297 DI 10.2489/jswc.65.5.289 PG 9 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 651ES UT WOS:000281908500011 ER PT J AU Wang, YF Jahns, L Tussing-Humphreys, L Xie, B Rockett, H Liang, HF Johnson, L AF Wang, Youfa Jahns, Lisa Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa Xie, Bin Rockett, Helaine Liang, Huifang Johnson, Luann TI Dietary Intake Patterns of Low-Income Urban African-American Adolescents SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID HEALTHY EATING INDEX; NUTRIENT INTAKE; RISK-FACTORS; VITAMIN-D; OBESITY; GIRLS; CONSUMPTION; BEVERAGES; CALCIUM; DESIGN AB Unhealthy eating increases risks for chronic disease. Few studies have examined the multifaceted aspects of dietary intake of low-income, urban African-American adolescents This study aimed to describe dietary patterns including energy, nutrients, food groups, and diet quality and to identify areas to guide future interventions Baseline data for a school-based obesity prevention study were collected from 382 African-American adolescents (10- to 14-year-olds) from four Chicago, IL, public schools in 2003. Diet was assessed using a 152-item food frequency questionnaire. Diet quality was measured using a modified version of the US Department of Agriculture Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and compared to published estimates for a nationwide sample Participants reported high energy intakes and several unhealthy eating patterns 58 6% consumed one or more servings of sweetened beverages per day and 15 7% consumed three or more servings per day; average fried food consumption was high (1 4 servings/day), 58.4% consumed one or more serving per day; and 75% consumed three or more three snacks per day. Only 49% of participants met the recommended three servings of dairy foods per day. Compared to a national, mostly white sample, participants had lower HEI scores (P<0.05), mean score was 66 0=12.8 (100= maximum HEI score) vs 70 3 13 0 in boys vs girls, one third had scores <60 ("needs improvement") and only 15% scored >80 ("good") This study reveals key areas of problematic dietary patterns for future interventions targeting low-income African-American adolescents, including frequent intakes of calorie-dense, low nutrient-rich foods, such as fried foods, snacks, and sweetened beverages. J Am Diet Assoc 2070,110.1340-1345 C1 [Wang, Youfa] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Human Nutr, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Jahns, Lisa; Johnson, Luann] ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Grand Forks, ND USA. [Jahns, Lisa] Univ Tennessee, Dept Nutr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa] ARS, USDA, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa; Liang, Huifang] Univ Illinois, Dept Kinesiol & Nutr, Chicago, IL USA. [Xie, Bin] Claremont Grad Univ, Sch Community & Global Hlth, San Dimas, CA USA. [Xie, Bin] Univ So Calif, Sch Social Work, Hamovitch Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Rockett, Helaine] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Rockett, Helaine] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Rockett, Helaine] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Channing Lab, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Liang, Huifang] Takeda Global Res & Dev Ctr Inc, Deerfield, IL USA. RP Wang, YF (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Human Nutr, 615 N Wolfe St,E2546, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM ywang@jhsph.edu OI Jahns, Lisa/0000-0002-1828-6962 FU National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [1R01DK63383, R01DK81335-01A1]; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [1R03HD058077-01A1] FX The study was supported in part by research grants from the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (1R01DK63383, R01DK81335-01A1) and National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (1R03HD058077-01A1). NR 40 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 120 S RIVERSIDE PLZ, STE 2000, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 110 IS 9 BP 1340 EP 1345 DI 10.1016/j.jada.2010.06.005 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 645YG UT WOS:000281501500012 PM 20800126 ER PT J AU Johnson, EJ Maras, JE Rasmussen, HM Tucker, KL AF Johnson, Elizabeth J. Maras, Janice E. Rasmussen, Helen M. Tucker, Katherine L. TI Intake of Lutein and Zeaxanthin Differ with Age, Sex, and Ethnicity SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; MACULAR DEGENERATION; CAROTENOIDS; MACULOPATHY; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; VEGETABLES; PIGMENT; RETINA AB Lutein and zeaxanthin are carotenoids that are selectively taken up into the macula of the eye, where they may protect against development of age-related macular degeneration. Accurate assessment of their intakes is important in the understanding of their individual roles in eye health Current dietary databases lack the appropriate information to ascertain valid dietary intakes of these individual nutrients The purpose of this research is to determine intakes of lutein and zeaxanthin separately in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004. The top major food sources for lutein and zeaxanthin intake in NHANES 2003-2004 were analyzed for lutein and zeaxanthin by high-performance liquid chromatography from June to August 2006. Results were applied to dietary data from 8,525 participants in NHANES 2003-2004. Lutein and zeaxanthin food contents were separated into lutein and zeaxanthin in the nutrient database Mean intakes from two nonconsecutive 24-hour recalls were grouped into food groups based on nutrient composition, these were matched to the new database, and lutein and zeaxanthin intakes were calculated separately. Among all age groups, both sexes, and all ethnicities, intakes of lutein were greater than of zeaxanthin Relative intake of zeaxanthin to lutein decreased with age, with zeaxanthin to lutein ratios lower in females Zeaxanthin to lutein ratios in Mexican Americans was considerably greater than other ethnicities (other Hispanics, non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, other races) Lower zeaxanthin to lutein ratios were measured in groups at risk for age-related macular degeneration (eg, older participants, females) Our findings suggest that the relative Intake of lutein and zeaxanthin may be important to age-related macular degeneration risk Future studies are needed to assess the individual associations of lutein and zeaxanthin in eye health. J Am. Diet Assoc 2010,110:1357-1362. C1 [Johnson, Elizabeth J.; Rasmussen, Helen M.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Maras, Janice E.; Tucker, Katherine L.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Johnson, EJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. OI Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X FU US Department of Agriculture [58-1950-7-707] FX Supported by US Department of Agriculture 58-1950-7-707. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture NR 22 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 120 S RIVERSIDE PLZ, STE 2000, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 110 IS 9 BP 1357 EP 1362 DI 10.1016/j.jada.2010.06.009 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 645YG UT WOS:000281501500015 PM 20800129 ER PT J AU Morie, M Reid, KF Miciek, R Lajevardi, N Choong, K Krasnoff, JB Storer, TW Fielding, RA Bhasin, S LeBrasseur, NK AF Morie, Marina Reid, Kieran F. Miciek, Renee Lajevardi, Newsha Choong, Karen Krasnoff, Joanne B. Storer, Thomas W. Fielding, Roger A. Bhasin, Shalender LeBrasseur, Nathan K. TI Habitual Physical Activity Levels Are Associated with Performance in Measures of Physical Function and Mobility in Older Men SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE aging; sarcopenia; muscle strength; disability; exercise ID MEANINGFUL CHANGE; MUSCLE STRENGTH; LIFE-P; ADULTS; DISABILITY; ACCELEROMETER; RELIABILITY; HEALTH; WOMEN; LIMITATION AB OBJECTIVES To determine whether objectively measured physical activity levels are associated with physical function and mobility in older men. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING Academic research center. PARTICIPANTS Eighty-two community-dwelling men aged 65 and older with self-reported mobility limitations were divided into a low-activity and a high-activity group based on the median average daily physical activity counts of the whole sample. MEASUREMENTS Physical activity according to triaxial accelerometers; physical function and mobility according to the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), gait speed, stair climb time, and a lift-and-lower task; aerobic capacity according to maximum oxygen consumption (VO(2)max); and leg press and chest press maximal strength and peak power. RESULTS Older men with higher physical activity levels had a 1.4-point higher mean SPPB score and a 0.35-m/s faster walking speed than those with lower physical activity levels. They also climbed a standard flight of stairs 1.85 seconds faster and completed 60% more shelves in a lift-and-lower task (all P <.01); muscle strength and power measures were not significantly different between the low- and high-activity groups. Correlation analyses and multiple linear regression models showed that physical activity is positively associated with all physical function and mobility measures, leg press strength, and VO(2)max. CONCLUSION Older men with higher physical activity levels demonstrate better physical function and mobility than their less-active peers. Moreover, physical activity levels are predictive of performance in measures of physical function and mobility in older men. Future work is needed to determine whether modifications in physical activity levels can improve or preserve physical performance in later life. C1 [Morie, Marina; Miciek, Renee; Lajevardi, Newsha; Choong, Karen; Krasnoff, Joanne B.; Storer, Thomas W.; Bhasin, Shalender; LeBrasseur, Nathan K.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Lab Exercise Physiol & Phys Performance, Sect Endocrinol Diabet & Nutr, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Reid, Kieran F.; Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP LeBrasseur, NK (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Robert & Arlene Kogod Ctr Aging, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM lebrasseur.nathan@mayo.edu OI LeBrasseur, Nathan/0000-0002-2002-0418 FU Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center [P30-AG031679, U01-AG01436906]; National Institutes of Health [K01-AG031154]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-7-707] FX This work was supported by Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center Grant P30-AG031679 and Grant U01-AG01436906 to SB. NKL was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant K01-AG031154. This work is based on work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture under agreement 58-1950-7-707. NR 30 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 3 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 58 IS 9 BP 1727 EP 1733 DI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2010.03012.x PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 646NM UT WOS:000281549000015 PM 20738436 ER PT J AU Wiwatanaratanabutr, I Allan, S Linthicum, K Kittayapong, P AF Wiwatanaratanabutr, Itsanun Allan, Sandra Linthicum, Kenneth Kittayapong, Pattamaporn TI STRAIN-SPECIFIC DIFFERENCES IN MATING, OVIPOSITION, AND HOST-SEEKING BEHAVIOR BETWEEN WOLBACHIA-INFECTED AND UNINFECTED AEDES ALBOPICTUS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Aedes albopictus; Wolbachia; mating; host-seeking; oviposition AB Wolbachia are maternally inherited bacteria that cause various reproductive alterations in their arthropod hosts, including cytoplasmic incompatibility. In this study, we compared mating, oviposition, and host-seeking behavior of Wolbachia-infected (Houston [HOU], Gainesville [GNV]) and Houston uninfected (HT1) Aedes albopictus. In mating assays with virgin mosquitoes, mating success of Wolbachia-infected males was significantly higher than uninfected strains. Mating success was highest with HOU males exposed to infected (95%) and uninfected females (100%), and lowest with HT1 males exposed to infected (20%) and uninfected (25%) females. Results suggested that Wolbachia infection may influence the reproductive behavior of this mosquito. There were no clear differences in oviposition responses between strains, with all strains ovipositing significantly more often on hay infusion and larval rearing water than on water controls and least frequently on 4-methylphenol. Strains of Ae. albopictus females were host-seeking a human when given a choice. Responses to a human arm, acetone, CO2, and dichloromethane were generally higher from the Houston strains than from the GNV strain. Responses of HOU and HT1 females differed from GNV with greater responses to the arm and CO2. C1 [Wiwatanaratanabutr, Itsanun; Kittayapong, Pattamaporn] Mahidol Univ Salaya, Fac Sci, Ctr Excellence Vectors & Vector Borne Dis, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand. [Wiwatanaratanabutr, Itsanun; Kittayapong, Pattamaporn] Mahidol Univ Salaya, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand. [Wiwatanaratanabutr, Itsanun; Allan, Sandra; Linthicum, Kenneth] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Wiwatanaratanabutr, Itsanun] Mahidol Univ, Fac Publ Hlth, Dept Parasitol & Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Kittayapong, P (reprint author), Mahidol Univ Salaya, Fac Sci, Ctr Excellence Vectors & Vector Borne Dis, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand. FU Thailand Research Fund [RGJ/PHD/0036/2543]; TRF/BIOTEC Special Program for Biodiversity Research and Training [BRT R245008]; Mahidol University [SCBI-47-T-217] FX We thank Stephen Dobson for providing the Wolbachia-infected (HOU) and uninfected (HT1) strains of Aedes albopictus; Erin Vrzal for laboratory assistance. This work was supported by the Thailand Research Fund (RGJ/PHD/0036/2543), the TRF/BIOTEC Special Program for Biodiversity Research and Training (BRT R245008), and the Mahidol University Research grant (SCBI-47-T-217). NR 46 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 26 IS 3 BP 265 EP 273 DI 10.2987/09-5937.1 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA V24DP UT WOS:000208391400005 PM 21033053 ER PT J AU Reeves, WK Lloyd, JE Stobart, R Stith, C Miller, MM Bennett, KE Johnson, G AF Reeves, W. K. Lloyd, J. E. Stobart, R. Stith, C. Miller, M. M. Bennett, K. E. Johnson, G. TI CONTROL OF CULICOIDES SONORENSIS (DIPTERA: CERATOPOGONIDAE) BLOOD FEEDING ON SHEEP WITH LONG-LASTING REPELLENT PESTICIDES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE PYthon; Culicoides sonorensis; bluetongue virus; insect repellent; permethrin AB Culicoides sonorensis is the primary vector of bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses in North America. Bluetongue disease is one of the most economically important arthropod-borne diseases of sheep in North America, because it causes significant morbidity and mortality and can lead to local quarantines and international trade restrictions. Long-lasting repellent pesticides could be applied to sheep as they are moved down from mountain pastures to protect them from biting midges until the 1st frost. We tested long-lasting pesticides on sheep as repellents against C. sonorensis. Both PYthon ear tags with 10% zeta-cypermethrin (9.8 g/tag) synergized with 20% piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and a 12-ml low-volume spray application of ready-to-use sheep insecticide (Y-TEX) with 2.5% permethrin and 2.5% PBO in an oil-based formulation were repellent to C. sonorensis for at least 3-5 wk after a single application. C1 [Reeves, W. K.; Stith, C.; Miller, M. M.; Bennett, K. E.] USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Lloyd, J. E.] Dept Renewable Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Stobart, R.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Anim Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Johnson, G.] Montana State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Reeves, WK (reprint author), USAG J, Unit 45013,Box 2582, APO, AP 96338 USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 26 IS 3 BP 302 EP 305 DI 10.2987/10-6005.1 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA V24DP UT WOS:000208391400009 PM 21033057 ER PT J AU Clark, GG Rubio-Palis, Y AF Clark, Gary G. Rubio-Palis, Yasmin TI MOSQUITO VECTOR BIOLOGY AND CONTROL IN LATIN AMERICA-A 20TH SYMPOSIUM SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Mosquitoes; dengue; malaria; West Nile virus; surveillance; chemical control; biological control; bionomics; insecticide resistance; Aedes; Anopheles; Culex; Triatoma AB The 20th Annual Latin American Symposium presented by the American Mosquito Control Association (AMCA) was held as part of the 76th Annual Meeting in Lexington, KY, in March 2010. The principal objective, as for the previous 19 symposia, was to promote participation in the AMCA by vector control specialists, public health workers, and academicians from Latin America. This publication includes summaries of 40 presentations that were given orally in Spanish or presented as posters by participants from 5 countries in Latin America, the United Kingdom, and the USA. Topics addressed in the symposium included: surveillance, chemical and biological control, and insecticide resistance associated with Aedes aegypti; distribution, behavior, and control of Culex; bionomics, ecology, and chemical and biological control of Anopheles vectors of malaria; insecticide resistance; and studies of dengue, West Nile virus, and Triatoma. C1 [Clark, Gary G.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Mosquito & Fly Res Unit, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Rubio-Palis, Yasmin] Univ Carabobo, Ministerio Poder Popular Salud, Maracay, Aragua, Venezuela. [Rubio-Palis, Yasmin] Univ Carabobo, BIOMED, Maracay, Aragua, Venezuela. RP Clark, GG (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Mosquito & Fly Res Unit, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. FU AMVAC; Clarke Mosquito Control; Valent Biosciences Corporation; Univar USA FX Financial support for this session was provided by the following sponsors: AMVAC, Clarke Mosquito Control, Valent Biosciences Corporation, and Univar USA. Funds from these sponsors supported annual meeting registration for participants, limited travel costs, and publication of these summaries. The general support for the symposium by the American Mosquito Control Association (AMCA) is acknowledged. In addition, Manuel Lluberas is acknowledged for his support and dedication to the annual symposium and for sharing his excellent skills in providing simultaneous translation for the symposium. Henry Rupp is acknowledged for superb editorial assistance with the summaries submitted by symposium participants. Enthusiasm and interest for this symposium among Spanish- and non-Spanish-speaking participants were high, and it will continue to be part of future meetings. NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X EI 1943-6270 J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 26 IS 3 BP 306 EP 320 DI 10.2987/10-6033.1 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA V24DP UT WOS:000208391400010 PM 21033058 ER PT J AU Reeves, WK Miller, MM AF Reeves, Will K. Miller, Myrna M. TI AQUEOUS 2% GERANIOL AS A MOSQUITO REPELLENT FAILED AGAINST AEDES AEGYPTI ON PONIES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Mosquitoes; geraniol; ponies; horse; repellent AB Organic insect repellents are of interest to many agricultural producers and animal owners. Geraniol, a plant-derived alcohol, is naturally produced by a wide range of plants and is a US Environmental Protection Agency minimum risk pesticide. Previous studies have shown various concentrations of geraniol repel or kill mosquitoes; however, geraniol might cause allergic contact dermatitis in humans or animals. We tested a commercially available 2% aqueous solution of geraniol on ponies as a mosquito repellent. Five trials were conducted on ponies treated with a 60-ml aerosol mist (30 ml per side) of 2% geraniol or as untreated controls. Animals were observed 3 h postapplication to check for skin irritation. Aedes aegypti, in feeding tubes, were held on the ponies for 7 min. The average percent of biting on control animals was 56%, with a range of 16-90%, and the average for the treatments was 13%, with a range of 0-86%. Based on statistical models, there was no significant difference (P = 0.081) in the percent bites between treated and untreated animals after 3 h. Based on our data, 2% geraniol was not an adequate mosquito repellent for horses. We did not observe any skin irritation on the animals treated with 2% geraniol. C1 [Reeves, Will K.; Miller, Myrna M.] USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Reeves, WK (reprint author), USAG J, Unit 45013,Box 2582, APO, AP 96338 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 26 IS 3 BP 340 EP 341 DI 10.2987/10-6000.1 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA V24DP UT WOS:000208391400016 PM 21033064 ER PT J AU Xue, RD Qualls, WA Kline, DL Zhao, TY AF Xue, Rui-De Qualls, Whitney A. Kline, Daniel L. Zhao, Tong-Yan TI EVALUATION OF LUREX 3 (TM), OCTENOL, AND CO2 SACHET AS BAITS IN MOSQUITO MAGNETH (R) PRO TRAPS AGAINST FLOODWATER MOSQUITOES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Octenol; CO2 sachet; Lurex 3 (TM); Mosquito Magnet (R); mosquitoes AB Field evaluation of Lurex 3 (TM), 1-octen-3-ol (octenol), and CO2 sachet as baits in Mosquito Magnet (R) Pro traps (MMP) for collecting adult mosquitoes was conducted at 2 different locations in northeast Florida. A total of 18 species of mosquitoes were collected by the MMP baited with the 3 attractant baits in St. Augustine, FL. The MMP baited with octenol collected significantly more mosquitoes than the traps baited with Lurex 3 and the CO2 sachet. A total of 6 floodwater mosquito species were collected by the MMP baited with the 3 attractant baits in Elkton, FL. The MMP baited with Lurex 3 or octenol collected more mosquitoes than the MMP baited with CO2 sachet or MMP alone. C1 [Xue, Rui-De; Qualls, Whitney A.] Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist, St Augustine, FL 32080 USA. [Kline, Daniel L.] USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Zhao, Tong-Yan] Dept Vector Biol & Control, State Key Lab Pathogen & Biosecur, Beijing 100071, Peoples R China. RP Xue, RD (reprint author), Anastasia Mosquito Control Dist, 500 Old Beach Rd, St Augustine, FL 32080 USA. NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 26 IS 3 BP 344 EP 345 DI 10.2987/10-6011.1 PG 2 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA V24DP UT WOS:000208391400018 PM 21033066 ER PT J AU Hojilla-Evangelista, MP AF Hojilla-Evangelista, Mila P. TI Adhesion Properties of Plywood Glue Containing Soybean Meal as an Extender SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Soybean meal; Soybean protein; Plywood adhesive; Protein extender; Protein functionality; Sprayline coaters ID WOOD COMPOSITES AB This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of soybean meal as a protein extender in plywood adhesive intended for sprayline coaters. Ground soybean meal, with 52.8% (dry basis, db) crude protein and 0.9% (db) residual oil, replaced the current industry extender, wheat flour, in the standard glue mix. Substitution was done on the protein content basis. Mixing and adhesion properties of the glue containing soybean meal were compared with those of the industry-standard glue. The soybean meal-based glue showed excellent mixing characteristics and its viscosity (1,275 cp) met the recommended value for this type of adhesive. Its wet tensile strength, however, was less than that of the standard glue and below the threshold value of 200 psi considered as an indicator of strong bonding. The soybean meal glue formulation was then modified further by increasing the amount of meal such that the amount of protein present was double that contributed by wheat flour in the original mix. This adjustment resulted in higher wet tensile strength (209 psi), which not only met the threshold value for strong glue bonds, but also equaled that of the standard glue. These results demonstrated that soybean meal is a viable extender in plywood glue for sprayline coaters. C1 ARS, Plant Polymer Res Unit, NCAUR, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Hojilla-Evangelista, MP (reprint author), ARS, Plant Polymer Res Unit, NCAUR, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Mila.HojillaEvangelista@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 87 IS 9 BP 1047 EP 1052 DI 10.1007/s11746-010-1586-x PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 640ZO UT WOS:000281093100012 ER PT J AU Dossett, M Finn, CE AF Dossett, Michael Finn, Chad E. TI Identification of Resistance to the Large Raspberry Aphid in Black Raspberry SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Amphorophora agathonica; blackcap; Rubus occidentalis; black raspberry necrosis virus; BRNV ID AMPHOROPHORA-RUBI; RED RASPBERRY; BORNE VIRUSES; AGATHONICA; SPREAD; IDAEUS AB The large raspberry aphid (Amphorophora agathonica Hottes) is an important vector of viruses in Rubus L. across North America. Although breeding for aphid resistance has long been recognized as an important tool for protecting red raspberries (Rubus idaeus L.) from viral infection, this is the first report of resistance to A. agathonica in black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.). Seedlings from 132 wild populations of black raspberries, representing the species' native range, were screened for resistance to A. agathonica. Strong resistance was found in three of these populations, one from Ontario (ORUS 3778), one from Maine (ORUS 3817), and one from Michigan (ORUS 4109). Resistance to the large raspberry aphid in ORUS 3778 and ORUS 3817 is dominant and appears to be conferred by different genes. We propose that the genes for resistance in ORUS 3778 and ORUS 3817 be designated Ag(4) and Ag(5), respectively. Resistance to A. agathonica in ORUS 4109 also appears to be controlled by a dominant allele at a single locus, but cannot be differentiated from Ag(4) at this time. C1 [Finn, Chad E.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Dossett, Michael] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Finn, CE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM Chad.Finn@ARS.USDA.GOV FU USDA-ARS Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research; USDA-ARS Plant Exchange Office; Oregon Raspberry and Blackberry Commission FX This project was supported by grants from the USDA-ARS Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research, the USDA-ARS Plant Exchange Office, and the Oregon Raspberry and Blackberry Commission. NR 21 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 135 IS 5 BP 438 EP 444 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 651LM UT WOS:000281929200006 ER PT J AU Cooper, B Feng, JA Garrett, WM AF Cooper, Bret Feng, Jian Garrett, Wesley M. TI Relative, Label-free Protein Quantitation: Spectral Counting Error Statistics from Nine Replicate MudPIT Samples SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SHOTGUN PROTEOMICS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ABUNDANCE RATIOS; EXPRESSION; QUANTIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; PEPTIDES; REPRODUCIBILITY; TECHNOLOGY AB Nine replicate samples of peptides from soybean leaves, each spiked with a different concentration of bovine apotransferrin peptides, were analyzed on a mass spectrometer using multidimensional protein identification technology (MudPIT). Proteins were detected from the peptide tandem mass spectra, and the numbers of spectra were statistically evaluated for variation between samples. The results corroborate prior knowledge that combining spectra from replicate samples increases the number of identifiable proteins and that a summed spectral count for a protein increases linearly with increasing molar amounts of protein. Furthermore, statistical analysis of spectral counts for proteins in two- and three-way comparisons between replicates and combined replicates revealed little significant variation arising from run-to-run differences or data-dependent instrument ion sampling that might falsely suggest differential protein accumulation. In these experiments, spectral counting was enabled by PANORAMICS, probability-based software that predicts proteins detected by sets of observed peptides. Three alternative approaches to counting spectra were also evaluated by comparison. As the counting thresholds were changed from weaker to more stringent, the accuracy of ratio determination also changed. These results suggest that thresholds for counting can be empirically set to improve relative quantitation. All together, the data confirm the accuracy and reliability of label-free spectral counting in the relative, quantitative analysis of proteins between samples. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2010, 21, 1534-1546) (C) 2010 American Society for Mass Spectrometry C1 [Cooper, Bret] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Feng, Jian] Snoqualmie, Washington, DC USA. [Garrett, Wesley M.] USDA ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Cooper, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 006,Rm 213, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM bret.cooper@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1044-0305 J9 J AM SOC MASS SPECTR JI J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 21 IS 9 BP 1534 EP 1546 DI 10.1016/j.jasms.2010.05.001 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 648QT UT WOS:000281709700010 PM 20541435 ER PT J AU Aly, SS Mangold, BL Whitlock, RH Sweeney, RW Anderson, RJ Jiang, JM Schukken, YH Hovingh, E Wolfgang, D Van Kessel, JAS Karns, JS Lombard, JE Smith, JM Gardner, IA AF Aly, Sharif S. Mangold, Beverly L. Whitlock, Robert H. Sweeney, Raymond W. Anderson, Randall J. Jiang, Jiming Schukken, Ynte H. Hovingh, Ernest Wolfgang, David Van Kessel, Jo Ann S. Karns, Jeffrey S. Lombard, Jason E. Smith, Julia M. Gardner, Ian A. TI Correlation between Herrold egg yolk medium culture and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction results for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in pooled fecal and environmental samples SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Cattle; correlation, environmental samples; HEYM culture, Johne's disease; pooled samples, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction ID UNITED-STATES; DAIRY HERDS; VIABILITY; CATTLE AB Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) testing for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) in fecal samples is a rapid alternative to culture on Herrold egg yolk medium (HEYM), the traditional antemortem reference test for MAP. Although the sensitivity and specificity of these 2 tests have been estimated based on dichotomized test results, the correlation between real-time qPCR threshold cycle (Ct) values and colony-forming units (CFU) on HEYM for fresh and thawed samples has not been evaluated. The objectives of the present study were to estimate the correlation and association between Ct and CFU in fresh and thawed pooled fecal and environmental samples Results of HEYM culture of 1,997 pooled fecal samples from cows in 14 herds, and 802 environmental samples from 109 dairies nationwide were negatively (inversely) correlated with their respective real-time qPCR results. The Spearman's rank correlation between Ct and CFU was good (-0 66) in fresh and thawed pooled fecal samples, and excellent (-0.76) and good (-0 61) in fresh and thawed environmental samples, respectively The correlation varied from good (-0 53) to excellent (-0.90) depending on the number of samples in a fecal pool. Truncated regression models indicated a significant negative association between Ct and CFU in fecal pools and environmental samples. The use of real-time qPCR instead of HEYM can yield rapid, quantitative estimates of MAP load and allow for incorporation of real-time qPCR results of pooled and environmental samples in testing strategies to identify dairy cow groups with the highest MAP shedding C1 [Aly, Sharif S.] Univ Calif Davis, Vet Med Teaching & Res Ctr, Dept Populat Hlth & Reprod, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gardner, Ian A.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Jiang, Jiming] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Stat, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Mangold, Beverly L.] Tetracore Inc, Rockville, MD USA. [Whitlock, Robert H.; Sweeney, Raymond W.] Univ Penn, New Bolton Ctr, Sch Vet Med, Johnes Res Lab,Dept Clin Studies, Kennett Sq, PA 19348 USA. [Anderson, Randall J.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Anim Hlth Branch, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [Schukken, Ynte H.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Med & Diagnost Sci, Sect Epidemiol & Qual Milk Prod Serv, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Hovingh, Ernest; Wolfgang, David] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Van Kessel, Jo Ann S.; Karns, Jeffrey S.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, ANRI, Beltsville, MD USA. [Lombard, Jason E.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Epidemiol, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Lombard, Jason E.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Anim Hlth, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Smith, Julia M.] Univ Vermont, Dept Anim Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Aly, SS (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Vet Med Teaching & Res Ctr, Dept Populat Hlth & Reprod, Sch Vet Med, 18830 Rd 112, Tulare, CA 93274 USA. RI Schukken, Ynte/C-3405-2008 OI Schukken, Ynte/0000-0002-8250-4194 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service [58-1265-3-155, 58-1265-3-156, 58-1265-3-158, 58-1265-4-020]; University of California, Davis; USDA-CSREES [2007-35204-18391]; USDA [2007-35204-18391] FX The authors thank Terry Fyock and Sue McAdams at the JRL for technical assistance, the farm owners and veterinarians that participated in the study, and Tetracore for provision of test kits. This project was supported in part by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service (Agreements 58-1265-3-155, 58-1265-3-156, 58-1265-3-158, and 58-1265-4-020) for the Regional Dairy Quality Management Alliance; USDA-CSREES-NRI award 2007-35204-18391; USDA:NIFA award 2007-35204-18391; and the Austin Eugene Lyon's Fellowship (SA), Graduate Studies, University of California, Davis. NR 14 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 22 IS 5 BP 677 EP 683 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 649FL UT WOS:000281753400001 PM 20807920 ER PT J AU Loiacono, CM Beckwith, N Kunkle, RA Orcutt, D Hall, SM AF Loiacono, Christina M. Beckwith, Nadine Kunkle, Robert A. Orcutt, Dennis Hall, S. Mark TI Detection of PrPSc in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue by Western blot differentiates classical scrapie, Nor98 scrapie, and bovine spongiform encephalopathy SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Bovine spongiform encephalopathy; Nor98 scrapie; paraffin-embedded tissue; prion; scrapie; transmissible spongiform encephalopathy; Western blot ID PRION PROTEIN; ATYPICAL SCRAPIE; SHEEP; SURVEILLANCE; CONFORMATIONS; STRAINS AB Transmissible, spongiform encephalopathies including bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and scrapie are fatal neurodegenerative disorders associated with the presence of an infectious abnormal isoform of normal mammalian proteins called prions. Identification of the prion protein associated with scrapie (PrPSc) in the central nervous system is typically based upon immunoassays including immunohistochemistry (IHC) using formalin-fixed tissues or Western blot (WB) assays using fresh and/or frozen, non-formalin-fixed tissues. Each assay can discriminate between BSE, classical scrapie, and a previously reported strain of scrapie recently identified in the United States named Nor98 scrapie. Different tissue samples are required from the same animal to run these 2 different immunoassays. This may result in inconsistent test results for the same animal. Sampling problems such as collecting insufficient volumes of fresh tissue or less than optimal anatomic location of brainstem for IHC can affect the ability of the test procedures to offer definitive and discriminatory results. Recently, a WB method using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue to identify PrPSc was developed that successfully identified PrPSc in sheep affected by classical scrapie. In the current study, the use of this technique to produce discriminatory results identifying classical BSE in bovine tissue and both classical and Nor98 scrapie in ovine tissue using paraffin-embedded brain samples is described. Protein-banding patterns from WB using FFPE tissue were similar to protein-banding patterns produced by WB assays utilizing fresh tissues from the same animals, and results correlated well with the IHC PrPSc-positive staining present in the cerebellum and obex regions of brain samples from these animals. C1 [Loiacono, Christina M.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Pathobiol Lab, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Kunkle, Robert A.; Orcutt, Dennis] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Loiacono, CM (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Pathobiol Lab, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Christina.M.Loiacono@aphis.usda.gov NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 22 IS 5 BP 684 EP 689 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 649FL UT WOS:000281753400002 PM 20807921 ER PT J AU Swenson, SL Koster, LG Jenkins-Moore, M Killian, ML DeBess, EE Baker, RJ Mulrooney, D Weiss, R Galeota, J Bredthauer, A AF Swenson, Sabrina L. Koster, Leo G. Jenkins-Moore, Melinda Killian, Mary L. DeBess, Emilio E. Baker, Rocky J. Mulrooney, Donna Weiss, Robin Galeota, Judith Bredthauer, Annette TI Natural cases of 2009 pandemic H1N1 Influenza A virus in pet ferrets SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Ferrets; Influenza A virus; transmission ID CATS; DOGS; TRANSMISSION AB Respiratory swab samples were collected from 5 pet ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) exhibiting influenza-like illness. The ferrets represented 3 households in 2 states. In each case, the owners reported influenza-like illness in themselves or family members prior to the onset of a similar illness in the ferrets. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays designed for the detection of the 2009 H1N1 Influenza A virus were conducted in the state animal health laboratories. The assays included detection of the matrix gene of Influenza A virus and neuraminidase gene specific for 2009 HIM virus. Samples were positive for both screening assays. The samples were confirmed positive by the National Veterinary Services Laboratories. The history of illness in family members prior to illness in the ferrets suggests that Influenza A virus was transmitted from humans to the ferrets. C1 [Swenson, Sabrina L.; Koster, Leo G.; Jenkins-Moore, Melinda; Killian, Mary L.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, Natl Vet Serv Labs, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [DeBess, Emilio E.] Oregon Dept Human Serv, Acute & Communicable Dis Sect, Portland, OR USA. [Baker, Rocky J.; Mulrooney, Donna; Weiss, Robin] Oregon State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Galeota, Judith] Univ Nebraska, Vet Diagnost Ctr, Lincoln, NE USA. [Bredthauer, Annette] Nebraska Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Swenson, SL (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Diagnost Virol Lab, Natl Vet Serv Labs, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM sabrina.l.swenson@aphis.usda.gov NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 22 IS 5 BP 784 EP 788 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 649FL UT WOS:000281753400025 PM 20807944 ER PT J AU Tiberini, A Tomassoli, L Barba, M Hadidi, A AF Tiberini, Antonio Tomassoli, Laura Barba, Marina Hadidi, Ahmed TI Oligonucleotide microarray-based detection and identification of 10 major tomato viruses SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Diagnosis; Genotyping; 40-mer oligonucleotide probes; Microarray; Simultaneous multiple detection; Tomato viruses; Strains; Satellite RNA ID PLANT-VIRUSES; DNA MICROARRAYS; MESSENGER-RNA; VIRAL PATHOGENS; CHLOROSIS-VIRUS; POTATO VIRUSES; HYBRIDIZATION; AMPLIFICATION; CDNA; DIFFERENTIATION AB A DNA microarray chip was developed for screening 10 major economically important tomato viruses from infected plants using "Combimatrix" platform 40-mer oligonucleotide probes. A total of 279 oligonucleotide virus probes were specific for simultaneous multiple detection, identification, differentiation and/or genotyping of each of the following tomato RNA viruses and/or strains and a virus satellite: Cucumber mosaic virus, Cucumber mosaic virus satellite RNA. Tomato infectious chlorosis virus, Tomato chlorosis virus, Tomato spotted wilt virus, Pepino mosaic virus, Potato virus Y, Tobacco mosaic virus and Tomato mosaic virus. This selection included both positive and negative single-stranded RNA viruses. The single-stranded DNA viruses, Tomato yellow leaf curl virus and Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus were detected but were not differentiated using probes designed from their coat protein genes. A sectored oligonucleotide microarray chip containing four sets of 2000 features (4 x 2K) was designed. In this way, four samples were tested simultaneously in a hybridization event and 16 samples were analyzed by re-using the chip four times. The hybrids had low background signals. Many of the 40-mer oligonucleotide probes were specific for the detection and identification of each RNA viral species, RNA viral satellite and genotyping strains of Cucumber mosaic virus, Pepino mosaic virus and Potato virus Y. Universal probes were developed for strains of the last three viruses and also for the genus Tobamovirus which includes both Tobacco mosaic virus and Tomato mosaic virus. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Tiberini, Antonio; Tomassoli, Laura; Barba, Marina] CRA Ctr Ric Patol Vegetale, I-00156 Rome, Italy. [Tiberini, Antonio] Univ Mediterranea Feo Vito, Dipartimento Gest Sistemi Agr & Forestali, Reggio Di Calabria, Italy. [Hadidi, Ahmed] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Tiberini, A (reprint author), CRA Ctr Ric Patol Vegetale, Via CG Bertero 22, I-00156 Rome, Italy. EM antonio.tiberini@entecra.it NR 39 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD SEP PY 2010 VL 168 IS 1-2 BP 133 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.05.003 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 638CS UT WOS:000280869400023 PM 20470828 ER PT J AU Schlossberg, S King, DI Chandler, RB Mazzei, BA AF Schlossberg, Scott King, David I. Chandler, Richard B. Mazzei, Benjamin A. TI Regional Synthesis of Habitat Relationships in Shrubland Birds SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE beaver pond; birds; clear-cut; habitat relationships; New England; pitch pine-scrub oak; shrublands; utility right-of-way; vegetation structure; wildlife opening. ID EARLY SUCCESSIONAL COMMUNITIES; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; FOREST BIRDS; SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION; REPLICATED COUNTS; NESTING SUCCESS; BREEDING BIRDS; MIXTURE-MODELS; NEW-HAMPSHIRE AB Shrubland birds are declining throughout the eastern United States. To manage scrub-shrub habitats for birds, managers need information on avian habitat relationships. Past studies have produced contradictory results in some cases and may be of limited generality because of site- and habitat-specific factors. We studied shrubland birds across 6 habitats in 3 New England states to provide more general information on habitat relationships than has been possible in past studies. Our study sites included all major scrub-shrub habitats in New England: wildlife openings, regenerating clear-cuts, beaver ponds, utility rights-of-way, pitch pine (Pinus rigida) woodlands, and scrub oak (Quercus ilicifolia) barrens and ranged from Connecticut to northern New Hampshire, with research conducted from 2002 to 2007. Using N-mixture models of repeated point counts, we found that 6 of 12 shrubland birds preferred areas with greater shrub cover. An additional 4 species appeared to prefer areas with lower-stature vegetation and greater forb cover. Eight of 10 bird species showed relationships with cover of individual plant species, with Spiraea spp., willows (Salix spp.), alders (Alnus spp.), and invasive exotics being the most important. We recommend that shrubland management for birds focus on providing 2 distinct habitats: 1) areas of tall (>1.5 m) vegetation with abundant shrub cover and 2) areas of lower (<1.5 m) vegetation with abundant forb cover but fewer shrubs. C1 [Schlossberg, Scott; Chandler, Richard B.; Mazzei, Benjamin A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Nat Resources Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [King, David I.] Univ Massachusetts, No Res Stn, USDA, Forest Serv, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Schlossberg, S (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Nat Resources Conservat, 204 Holdsworth Hall, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM srs@nrc.umass.edu RI Chandler, Richard/D-8831-2014 FU National Resources Conservation Service Resource Inventory and Assessment Division; Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife; Massachusetts Natural Heritage and Endangered Species; White Mountain National Forest; Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection; Massachusetts Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit FX We thank the National Resources Conservation Service Resource Inventory and Assessment Division for financial support. Additional funding came from the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, Massachusetts Natural Heritage and Endangered Species Program, White Mountain National Forest, Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection, and Massachusetts Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. We thank D. Twedt and 2 anonymous reviewers for comments that helped us to improve this paper greatly. NR 62 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 7 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 74 IS 7 BP 1513 EP 1522 DI 10.2193/2008-601 PG 10 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 644GF UT WOS:000281361200013 ER PT J AU Lavelle, MJ Fischer, JW Hygnstrom, SE White, JJ Hildreth, AM Phillips, GE Vercauteren, KC AF Lavelle, Michael J. Fischer, Justin W. Hygnstrom, Scott E. White, Joshua J. Hildreth, Aaron M. Phillips, Gregory E. Vercauteren, Kurt C. TI Response of Deer to Containment by a Poly-Mesh Fence for Mitigating Disease Outbreaks SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE containment; disease; fence; livestock; Odocoileus virginianus; white-tailed deer; wildlife damage management ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; INFECTIOUS ANIMAL DISEASES; ELECTRIC FENCES; MOUTH-DISEASE; MANAGEMENT; WILDLIFE; BIOTERRORISM; ZIMBABWE; IMPACTS; DAMAGE AB Rapidly deployable and effective methods are needed to contain free-ranging deer (Odocoileus spp.) during acute disease outbreaks. We evaluated efficacy of a 2.1-m-tall polypropylene mesh (poly-mesh) fence for containing >= 15 free-ranging white-tailed deer (O. virginianus) within a 42-ha area in eastern Nebraska, USA. We observed a 99% decrease in deer leaving the enclosure area after we installed fencing (1 deer jumped; 0.02 deer/hr) compared with prefence rates (5.26 deer/hr). However, 8 deer (53% of censused population) escaped the enclosure during a census drive after our study. Poly-mesh fencing may be effective in temporarily containing free-ranging deer during minimally disruptive deer removal actions such as trapping or sharpshooting. C1 [Lavelle, Michael J.; Fischer, Justin W.; Phillips, Gregory E.; Vercauteren, Kurt C.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Hygnstrom, Scott E.; Hildreth, Aaron M.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [White, Joshua J.] Nebraska Game & Pk Commiss, Lincoln, NE 68503 USA. RP Lavelle, MJ (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM kurt.c.vercauteren@aphis.usda.gov NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 74 IS 7 BP 1620 EP 1625 DI 10.2193/2009-268 PG 6 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 644GF UT WOS:000281361200027 ER PT J AU Takle, GL Suedmeyer, K Mertins, JW Garner, MM AF Takle, Ginger L. Suedmeyer, Kirk Mertins, James W. Garner, Michael M. TI GENERALIZED DEMODECOSIS IN THREE SIBLING, JUVENILE ROCK HYRAXES (PROCAVIA CAPENSIS) SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Demodex; doramectin; mite; Procavia capensis; rock hyrax ID FOLLICLE MITE ACARI; DEMODICOSIS; DORAMECTIN; DEER; DEMODECIDAE; CANINE; MANGE; DOGS AB One female and two male 4-mo-old, sibling rock hyraxes (Procavia capensis) presented with severe generalized dermatitis characterized by nonpruritic, nonalopecic, mildly encrusted, focally ulcerated pustular nodules. The dorsum, limbs, and dorsal cranium were most severely affected. Skin scrapings, histopathology, and scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of various life stages of a novel Demodex sp. As a result of the generalized nature of infestation, treatment began with ivermectin and then changed to doramectin, at a dose of 0.6 mg/kg s.c. every 7 days. Weekly skin scrapings and intermittent blood work, including serum protein electrophoresis, were used to evaluate treatment response. Complete resolution, as determined by two consecutive negative skin scrapings, was noted in all three hyraxes within 10-14 wk. C1 [Mertins, James W.] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Vet Serv, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Garner, Michael M.] NW ZooPath, Monroe, WA 98272 USA. [Takle, Ginger L.; Suedmeyer, Kirk] Kansas City Zoo, Kansas City, MO 64132 USA. RP Takle, GL (reprint author), Pittsburgh Zoo & PPG Aquarium, 1 Wild Pl, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. EM gingertakle@gmail.com NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 41 IS 3 BP 496 EP 502 DI 10.1638/2009-0108.1 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 651EC UT WOS:000281906500016 PM 20945649 ER PT J AU Nol, P Kato, C Reeves, WK Rhyan, J Spraker, T Gidlewski, T VerCauteren, K Salman, M AF Nol, Pauline Kato, Cecilia Reeves, Will K. Rhyan, Jack Spraker, Terry Gidlewski, Thomas VerCauteren, Kurt Salman, Mo TI EPIZOOTIC HEMORRHAGIC DISEASE OUTBREAK IN A CAPTIVE FACILITY HOUSING WHITE-TAILED DEER (ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS), BISON (BISON BISON), ELK (CERVUS ELAPHUS), CATTLE (BOS TAURUS), AND GOATS (CAPRA HIRCUS) IN COLORADO, USA SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Bison; Bison bison; cattle; Bos taurus; elk; Cervus claphus; epizootic hemorrhagic disease; goat; Capra hircus; white-tailed deer; Odocoileus virginianus ID MICROBIAL PATHOGENS; ENZOOTIC STABILITY; SEROLOGIC SURVEY; MULE DEER; VIRUS; BLUETONGUE; PCR; AMERICAN; ARIZONA; KANSAS AB An ungulate research facility in Fort Collins, Colorado, USA, experienced mortality in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) because of epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) infection from 20 August 2007 through 26 September 2007. Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) was detected by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and virus isolation from the spleen and lung tissues of two white-tailed deer. Virus neutralization tests were performed on pre- and postoutbreak sera from other species maintained in the same facility, including bison (Bison bison), elk (Cervus elaphus), domestic cattle (Bos taurus), and domestic goats (Capra hircus), as well as postoutbreak sera from the surviving white-tailed deer. Serum samples that represented all species in the facility neutralized EHDV-1 and EHDV-2 either before or after the outbreak. The animals that neutralized EHDV-1 did not neutralize EHDV-2. No clinical signs attributable to EHDV infection were noted in any of the species other than the deer during the outbreak. Although experimental EHDV infections have been reported in bison and elk, natural exposures have not been previously documented in these species in North America. The roles that elk, bison, cattle, and goats might play in the epidemiology of EHDV in a close-contact multispecies situation remain unknown. C1 [Nol, Pauline; Rhyan, Jack] Vet Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Gidlewski, Thomas; VerCauteren, Kurt] APHIS Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Kato, Cecilia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reeves, Will K.] USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Laramie, WY 82072 USA. [Spraker, Terry] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Nol, Pauline; Salman, Mo] Colorado State Univ, Dept Clin Sci, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Nol, P (reprint author), Vet Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Washington, DC USA. EM pauline.nol@aphis.usda.gov NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 41 IS 3 BP 510 EP 515 DI 10.1638/2009-0216.1 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 651EC UT WOS:000281906500018 PM 20945651 ER PT J AU Minervino, AHH Soares, HS Barreto, RA Neves, KAL Pena, HFD Ortolani, EL Dubey, JP Gennari, SM AF Hamad Minervino, Antonio Humberto Soares, Herbert Sousa Barreto-Junior, Raimundo Alves Lobo Neves, Kedson Alessandri de Jesus Pena, Hilda Fatima Ortolani, Enrico Lippi Dubey, Jitender Prakash Gennari, Solange Maria TI SEROPREVALENCE OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII ANTIBODIES IN CAPTIVE WILD MAMMALS AND BIRDS IN BRAZIL SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Brazilian wildlife; modified agglutination test; seroprevalence; Toxoplasma gondii; Tapirus terrestris ID NEOSPORA-CANINUM AB In this study, serum samples of 203 animals from different locations, from zoos and breeding facilities from the north and northeast regions of Brazil, were analyzed for the presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies by the modified agglutination test (MAT) with a cutoff of 1:25. Of the sampled animals, 184 were adult mammals of both sexes and 19 were birds. Antibodies were found in 61 of 184 mammals, and no association between sex and age of the animals and the presence of T. gondii antibodies was observed (P < 0.05). Anti-T gondii antibodies were not found in birds. Toxoplasma gondii was detected in Brazilian tapir (Tapirus terrestris) for the first time. C1 [Barreto-Junior, Raimundo Alves] Univ Fed Rural, Dept Ciencias Anim, BR-59625900 Mossoro, RN, Brazil. [Hamad Minervino, Antonio Humberto; Soares, Herbert Sousa; de Jesus Pena, Hilda Fatima; Ortolani, Enrico Lippi; Gennari, Solange Maria] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, BR-05508270 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Lobo Neves, Kedson Alessandri] FIT, BR-68010200 Santarem, PA, Brazil. [Dubey, Jitender Prakash] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Gennari, SM (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Ave Prof Doutor Orlando Marques de Paiva 87, BR-05508270 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM sgennari@usp.br RI Ortolani, Enrico/F-4985-2011; Minervino, Antonio/G-5512-2011; Gennari, Solange/K-2447-2012; PENA, HILDA/K-4506-2012; OI Ortolani, Enrico/0000-0002-6742-3652; Minervino, Antonio/0000-0002-6742-3652; Gennari, Solange/0000-0001-7500-5277; Ortolani, Enrico/0000-0002-2439-5364 FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, CNPq; CNPq FX This research was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, CNPq. S. M. Gennari and E. L. Ortolani are in receipt of a fellowship from CNPq. The authors are grateful to Ana Ely, E. O. Melo, and Jackeline Rebelo for their assistance in the blood collection of some animals. NR 11 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 41 IS 3 BP 572 EP 574 DI 10.1638/2010-0046.1 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 651EC UT WOS:000281906500032 PM 20945665 ER PT J AU Dangi, SR Stahl, PD Pendall, E Cleary, MB Buyer, JS AF Dangi, S. R. Stahl, P. D. Pendall, E. Cleary, M. B. Buyer, J. S. TI RECOVERY OF SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AFTER FIRE IN A SAGEBRUSH-GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEM SO LAND DEGRADATION & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE canonical variates analysis; fire; microbial diversity; phospholipid fatty acid analysis; sagebrush-grassland; USA ID FOREST SOILS; CONIFEROUS FOREST; MEDITERRANEAN ENVIRONMENT; SPECIES RICHNESS; WOOD-ASH; BIOMASS; DIVERSITY; PRODUCTIVITY; BIODIVERSITY; WILDFIRE AB Recovery of the soil microbial community after fire in a sagebrush-grassland ecosystem was examined using a chronosequence of four sites ranging in time since fire from 3-39 years. The successional stage communities examined included Recent Burn (3 years since fire, ysf), Establishment (7 ysf), Expansion (21 ysf), and Mature (39 ysf). Aboveground standing plant biomass increased with time since disturbance to the Mature stage where sagebrush became dominant over herbaceous species. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis was used to characterize the microbial community structure. Soil microbial community productivity generally appeared to be similar to the Mature site soil (39 ysf) within 7 years of fire. Diversity of PLFAs detected in soils, at both depths, increased from a low value of 29 at the Recent site to a high of 37 at the Establishment site and then decreased again to 31 at the Mature stage site. Canonical variates analysis indicated important disparities in microbial community structure at the four sites. Greatest disparities were observed in microbial community structure between the Recent and Establishment stages but greater similarity between the Recent stage and the sagebrush dominated Mature stage. This study emphasizes both short-term and long-term changes in the belowground community and suggests that soil microbial communities are highly resilient to disturbances after prescribed fire. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Dangi, S. R.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Plant Sci, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. [Stahl, P. D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Renewable Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Pendall, E.; Cleary, M. B.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Buyer, J. S.] ARS, USDA, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dangi, SR (reprint author), Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Plant Sci, 2415 E Ramon Ave,M-S AS72, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. EM sdangi@csufresno.edu OI Pendall, Elise/0000-0002-1651-8969 FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2003-35101-13652]; Education and Extension Service; Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality FX The authors thank Steven Bieber and Michelle B. Stahl for their assistance with statistical interpretation of the data, Lachlan Ingram from the Renewable resources department for helping with the research, Amy Baker for field assistance and Stanley Tesch for assistance with PLFA analysis. Research was in part funded by National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, grant number #2003-35101-13652 and a grant from the Wyoming Department of Environmental Quality. NR 63 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 28 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1085-3278 J9 LAND DEGRAD DEV JI Land Degrad. Dev. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 21 IS 5 BP 423 EP 432 DI 10.1002/ldr.975 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA 674PZ UT WOS:000283761000002 ER PT J AU Lehotay, SJ Anastassiades, M Majors, RE AF Lehotay, Steven J. Anastassiades, Michelangelo Majors, Ronald E. TI The QuEChERS Revolution SO LC GC EUROPE LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRIC DETECTION; PESTICIDE-RESIDUES; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MULTIRESIDUE METHOD; GAS; VEGETABLES; FRUITS; EXTRACTION; FOODS AB The technique of QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) is only seven years old, yet it is revolutionizing the manner in which multiresidue, multiclass pesticide analysis (and perhaps beyond) is performed. Columnist Ron Majors interviews inventors Michelangelo Anastassiades and Steve Lehotay about the successes, challenges and potential future directions of this growing sample preparation technique. C1 [Lehotay, Steven J.] ARS, USDA, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Anastassiades, Michelangelo] CVUA, EU Reference Lab Pesticide Residue Anal, Stuttgart, Germany. [Majors, Ronald E.] Agilent Technol, Columns & Supplies Div, Wilmington, DE USA. RP Lehotay, SJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 7 U2 50 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS INC PI WOODLAND HILLS PA 6200 CANOGA AVE, 2ND FLR, WOODLAND HILLS, CA 91367 USA SN 1471-6577 J9 LC GC EUR JI LC GC Eur. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 23 IS 8 BP 418 EP + PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 657KU UT WOS:000282412400004 ER PT J AU Arthur, TM Brichta-Harhay, DM Bosilevac, JM Kalchayanand, N Shackelford, SD Wheeler, TL Koohmaraie, M AF Arthur, Terrance M. Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M. Bosilevac, Joseph M. Kalchayanand, Norasak Shackelford, Steven D. Wheeler, Tommy L. Koohmaraie, Mohammad TI Super shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by cattle and the impact on beef carcass contamination SO MEAT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE E. coli; O157; Beef; Cattle; Super shedding; Carcass ID PROCESSING PLANTS; FEEDLOT CATTLE; LAIRAGE ENVIRONMENT; AEROBIC-BACTERIA; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; RECTOANAL JUNCTION; HIDE SURFACES; UNITED-STATES; ORAL-CAVITY; O157-H7 AB Beef carcass contamination is a direct result of pathogen transfer from cattle hides harboring organisms such as enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli. Hide contamination occurs from direct and indirect fecal contamination in cattle production and lairage environments. In each of these environments, individual animals shedding E. coli O157:H7 at high levels (>10(4) CFU/g of feces, hereafter referred to as "super shedders") can have a disproportionate effect on cattle hide and subsequent carcass contamination. It is not known what criteria must be met to cause an animal to shed at levels exceeding 10(4) CFU/g. Understanding the factors that play a role in super shedding will aid in minimizing or eliminating the super shedding population. Interventions that would prevent supershedding in the cattle population should reduce E. coli O157:H7 transmission in the production and lairage environments resulting in reduced risk of beef carcass contamination and a safer finished product. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of The American Meat Science Association. C1 [Arthur, Terrance M.; Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M.; Bosilevac, Joseph M.; Kalchayanand, Norasak; Shackelford, Steven D.; Wheeler, Tommy L.; Koohmaraie, Mohammad] ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Arthur, TM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM terrance.arthur@ars.usda.gov RI Koohmaraie, Mohammad/A-2108-2013 NR 52 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1740 EI 1873-4138 J9 MEAT SCI JI Meat Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 86 IS 1 SI SI BP 32 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.04.019 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 631WW UT WOS:000280382300004 PM 20627603 ER PT J AU Inman-Narahari, F Giardina, C Ostertag, R Cordell, S Sack, L AF Inman-Narahari, Faith Giardina, Christian Ostertag, Rebecca Cordell, Susan Sack, Lawren TI Digital data collection in forest dynamics plots SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Center for Tropical Forest Science; digital data collection; ecology methods; forest dynamics plots; Hawaii ID FIELD DATA; RECORDS; SYSTEM AB 1. Computers are widely used in all aspects of research but their application to in-field data collection for forest plots has rarely been evaluated. 2. We developed digital data collection methods using ESRI mapping software and ruggedized field computers to map and measure similar to 30 000 trees in two 4-ha forest dynamics plots in wet and dry tropical forest in Hawaii. We then compared our data collection and entry effort with published values for other forest dynamics plots with the same tree measurement protocols to estimate the efficiency of our methods relative to the more typical use of paper data collection sheets. 3. In-field data collection effort was comparable for all plots. However, use of digital methods resulted in an average 11.8% reduction in total effort due to reduced secondary data entry time. 4. The digital data collection methods described in this article can be applied to a wide range of ecological projects, especially long-term research or monitoring projects where mapping can be integrated into data collection. C1 [Inman-Narahari, Faith; Sack, Lawren] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Ostertag, Rebecca] Univ Hawaii, Dept Biol, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Giardina, Christian; Cordell, Susan] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, USDA, Hilo, HI USA. RP Inman-Narahari, F (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 621 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM ohia@ucla.edu RI Ostertag, Rebecca/B-1756-2013; Giardina, Christian/C-3120-2011; Sack, Lawren/A-5492-2008 OI Giardina, Christian/0000-0002-3431-5073; Sack, Lawren/0000-0002-7009-7202 FU USFS-IPIF; NSF EPSCoR; Pacific Southwest Research Station of the USDA Forest Service; University of Hawaii; National Science Foundation [0554657, 0546784] FX We would like to thank the HIPPNET field crew, especially Christopher Carlson and Rachel Moseley, for assisting with development of our methods and providing feedback on data collection forms. We thank Kehauwealani Nelson-Kaula for helping to create and present graphics. We thank Scott Pugh of the USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis Program for initial discussions and recommendations about digital approaches to data collection and Jeff Lake and two anonymous reviewers for comments on the manuscript. Many thanks to the USFS-IPIF for providing support throughout the project. We would also like to thank Richard Condit and Suzanne Lao for advice on error rate calculations. This work is possible because of support provided by NSF EPSCoR, Pacific Southwest Research Station of the USDA Forest Service and the University of Hawaii. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants Nos 0554657 and 0546784. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 2041-210X J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL JI Methods Ecol. Evol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 1 IS 3 BP 274 EP 279 DI 10.1111/j.2041-210X.2010.00034.x PG 6 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 742CB UT WOS:000288914600006 ER PT J AU Lugo-Melchor, Y Quinones, B Amezquita-Lopez, BA Leon-Felix, J Garcia-Estrada, R Chaidez, C AF Lugo-Melchor, Yadira Quinones, Beatriz Amezquita-Lopez, Bianca A. Leon-Felix, Josefina Garcia-Estrada, Raymundo Chaidez, Cristobal TI Characterization of Tetracycline Resistance in Salmonella enterica Strains Recovered from Irrigation Water in the Culiacan Valley, Mexico SO MICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANCE LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; UNITED-STATES; SEROVARS; IDENTIFICATION; DETERMINANTS; TYPHIMURIUM; TN1721; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CHOLERAESUIS AB The increase of Salmonella enterica strains showing resistance against antibiotics has resulted in limiting the effective treatment of human infections. The present study characterized the resistance to tetracycline in S. enterica serovar Typhimurium strains, recovered from irrigation water in distinct regions in the Culiacan Valley, an important agricultural region in Mexico for horticultural crops that are exported to the United States. Analysis of the genomic diversity by pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing showed that the Salmonella Typhimurium strains were grouped into four distinct genotypic clusters, indicating genomic diversity among 12 strains examined. The polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing analysis demonstrated that the tet(A) gene was found on the genomic DNA and was located within a truncated version of transposon Tn1721. The comparative analysis of the tet(A) gene sequence in Salmonella Typhimurium strains identified high sequence similarity to the tet determinant of plasmid RP1, which is homologous to the tet gene in Tn1721. The findings show the presence of tet(A) among the tetracycline-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium strains isolated from irrigation water used for growing fresh fruits and vegetables. C1 [Lugo-Melchor, Yadira; Amezquita-Lopez, Bianca A.; Leon-Felix, Josefina; Garcia-Estrada, Raymundo; Chaidez, Cristobal] Ctr Invest Alimentac & Desarrollo, Culiacan 80129, Sinaloa, Mexico. [Quinones, Beatriz] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA USA. RP Chaidez, C (reprint author), Ctr Invest Alimentac & Desarrollo, Carretera Eldorado Km 5-5,Apartado Postal 32-A, Culiacan 80129, Sinaloa, Mexico. EM chaqui@ciad.edu.mx FU CONACyT [182158]; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS [532542000-045] FX This work was supported by CONACyT Grant number 182158 (Y.L.M.) and by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS Project number 532542000-045. The authors thank Samar Fontanoz, Koh-Eun Narm, Michelle Swimley, Edith Pierre-Jerome, Guadalupe de Jesus Gutierrez Garcia, and Celida Martinez Rodriguez for their technical assistance. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1076-6294 J9 MICROB DRUG RESIST JI Microb. Drug Resist. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 16 IS 3 BP 185 EP 190 DI 10.1089/mdr.2010.0022 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 649IL UT WOS:000281762200002 PM 20704512 ER PT J AU Epperson, BK McRae, BH Scribner, K Cushman, SA Rosenberg, MS Fortin, MJ James, PMA Murphy, M Manel, S Legendre, P Dale, MRT AF Epperson, Bryan K. McRae, Brad H. Scribner, Kim Cushman, Samuel A. Rosenberg, Michael S. Fortin, Marie-Josee James, Patrick M. A. Murphy, Melanie Manel, Stephanie Legendre, Pierre Dale, Mark R. T. TI Utility of computer simulations in landscape genetics SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE individual-based models; landscape ecology; population genetics; simulations; spatial statistics ID SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION ANALYSIS; INDIVIDUAL-BASED MODEL; POPULATION-GENETICS; STRUCTURED POPULATIONS; ECOLOGICAL SPECIATION; MATHEMATICAL-MODELS; BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY; HABITAT-SELECTION; NEIGHBOR MATRICES; POLLEN DISPERSAL AB Population genetics theory is primarily based on mathematical models in which spatial complexity and temporal variability are largely ignored. In contrast, the field of landscape genetics expressly focuses on how population genetic processes are affected by complex spatial and temporal environmental heterogeneity. It is spatially explicit and relates patterns to processes by combining complex and realistic life histories, behaviours, landscape features and genetic data. Central to landscape genetics is the connection of spatial patterns of genetic variation to the usually highly stochastic space-time processes that create them over both historical and contemporary time periods. The field should benefit from a shift to computer simulation approaches, which enable incorporation of demographic and environmental stochasticity. A key role of simulations is to show how demographic processes such as dispersal or reproduction interact with landscape features to affect probability of site occupancy, population size, and gene flow, which in turn determine spatial genetic structure. Simulations could also be used to compare various statistical methods and determine which have correct type I error or the highest statistical power to correctly identify spatio-temporal and environmental effects. Simulations may also help in evaluating how specific spatial metrics may be used to project future genetic trends. This article summarizes some of the fundamental aspects of spatial-temporal population genetic processes. It discusses the potential use of simulations to determine how various spatial metrics can be rigorously employed to identify features of interest, including contrasting locus-specific spatial patterns due to micro-scale environmental selection. C1 [Epperson, Bryan K.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [McRae, Brad H.] Nature Conservancy, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Scribner, Kim] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Scribner, Kim] Michigan State Univ, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Cushman, Samuel A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. [Rosenberg, Michael S.] Arizona State Univ, Biodesign Inst, Ctr Evolutionary Med & Informat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Rosenberg, Michael S.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Fortin, Marie-Josee] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada. [James, Patrick M. A.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada. [Murphy, Melanie] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Manel, Stephanie] Univ Aix Marseille 1, Lab Populat Environm Dev, Ctr St Charles, UP IRD,UMR 151, F-13331 Marseille 3, France. [Legendre, Pierre] Univ Montreal, Dept Sci Biol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Dale, Mark R. T.] Univ No British Columbia, Off Provost, Prince George, BC V2N 4Z9, Canada. RP Epperson, BK (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM epperson@msu.edu RI Murphy, Melanie/D-2605-2009; Rosenberg, Michael/A-4621-2008 OI Rosenberg, Michael/0000-0001-7882-2467 FU NSF [DEB-0553768, DBI-0542599]; University of California, Santa Barbara; State of California; National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NESCent) [EF-0905606] FX This work was conducted as a part of the An Interdisciplinary Approach to Advancing Landscape Genetics Working Group supported by the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center funded by NSF (Grant #DEB-0553768), the University of California, Santa Barbara, and the State of California. MSR was also supported by the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NESCent: NSF #EF-0905606) and NSF #DBI-0542599. The authors also thank Ashok Ragavendran for helpful comments on the subject matter, and Lisette Waits, Doug Bruggeman, and an anonymous reviewer of an earlier version of the article. NR 151 TC 92 Z9 94 U1 10 U2 81 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0962-1083 J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 19 IS 17 SI SI BP 3549 EP 3564 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04678.x PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 643HC UT WOS:000281285200005 PM 20618894 ER PT J AU Cushman, SA Landguth, EL AF Cushman, Samuel A. Landguth, Erin L. TI Spurious correlations and inference in landscape genetics SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE causal modelling; CDPOP; landscape genetics; landscape resistance; partial Mantel test; simulation modelling; spurious correlation ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; FLOW; FRAGMENTATION; RELATEDNESS AB Reliable interpretation of landscape genetic analyses depends on statistical methods that have high power to identify the correct process driving gene flow while rejecting incorrect alternative hypotheses. Little is known about statistical power and inference in individual-based landscape genetics. Our objective was to evaluate the power of causal-modelling with partial Mantel tests in individual-based landscape genetic analysis. We used a spatially explicit simulation model to generate genetic data across a spatially distributed population as functions of several alternative gene flow processes. This allowed us to stipulate the actual process that is in action, enabling formal evaluation of the strength of spurious correlations with incorrect models. We evaluated the degree to which naive correlational approaches can lead to incorrect attribution of the driver of observed genetic structure. Second, we evaluated the power of causal modelling with partial Mantel tests on resistance gradients to correctly identify the explanatory model and reject incorrect alternative models. Third, we evaluated how rapidly after the landscape genetic process is initiated that we are able to reliably detect the effect of the correct model and reject the incorrect models. Our analyses suggest that simple correlational analyses between genetic data and proposed explanatory models produce strong spurious correlations, which lead to incorrect inferences. We found that causal modelling was extremely effective at rejecting incorrect explanations and correctly identifying the true causal process. We propose a generalized framework for landscape genetics based on analysis of the spatial genetic relationships among individual organisms relative to alternative hypotheses that define functional relationships between landscape features and spatial population processes. C1 [Cushman, Samuel A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Landguth, Erin L.] Univ Montana, Individualized Interdisciplinary Grad Program, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. RP Cushman, SA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 800 E Beckwith, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. EM scushman@fs.fed.us NR 31 TC 119 Z9 119 U1 4 U2 59 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0962-1083 J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 19 IS 17 SI SI BP 3592 EP 3602 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04656.x PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 643HC UT WOS:000281285200008 PM 20618896 ER PT J AU Shirk, AJ Wallin, DO Cushman, SA Rice, CG Warheit, KI AF Shirk, A. J. Wallin, D. O. Cushman, S. A. Rice, C. G. Warheit, K. I. TI Inferring landscape effects on gene flow: a new model selection framework SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE circuit theory; gene flow; isolation by distance; landscape resistance; mountain goat ID MANTEL TEST; POPULATIONS; CONNECTIVITY; DISPERSAL; MATRIX; CONSERVATION; EXTINCTION; REGRESSION; CORRIDORS; MUTATION AB Populations in fragmented landscapes experience reduced gene flow, lose genetic diversity over time and ultimately face greater extinction risk. Improving connectivity in fragmented landscapes is now a major focus of conservation biology. Designing effective wildlife corridors for this purpose, however, requires an accurate understanding of how landscapes shape gene flow. The preponderance of landscape resistance models generated to date, however, is subjectively parameterized based on expert opinion or proxy measures of gene flow. While the relatively few studies that use genetic data are more rigorous, frameworks they employ frequently yield models only weakly related to the observed patterns of genetic isolation. Here, we describe a new framework that uses expert opinion as a starting point. By systematically varying each model parameter, we sought to either validate the assumptions of expert opinion, or identify a peak of support for a new model more highly related to genetic isolation. This approach also accounts for interactions between variables, allows for nonlinear responses and excludes variables that reduce model performance. We demonstrate its utility on a population of mountain goats inhabiting a fragmented landscape in the Cascade Range, Washington. C1 [Shirk, A. J.; Wallin, D. O.] Western Washington Univ, Huxley Coll Environm, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Cushman, S. A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Rice, C. G.; Warheit, K. I.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA. RP Shirk, AJ (reprint author), Western Washington Univ, Huxley Coll Environm, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. EM ashirk@u.washington.edu FU WDFW; NPS; USGS; WWU Office of Research and Sponsored Programs; Huxley College of the Environment; Seattle City Light; Mountaineers Foundation; Mazamas FX We thank Cheryl Dean, WDFW, for DNA isolation and genotyping. We also thank the NPS and the USGS for contributing genetic samples. Funding for this research was provided by WDFW, the NPS, the USGS, and grants from the WWU Office of Research and Sponsored Programs, Huxley College of the Environment, Seattle City Light, the Mountaineers Foundation, and the Mazamas. NR 58 TC 92 Z9 93 U1 4 U2 73 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0962-1083 J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 19 IS 17 SI SI BP 3603 EP 3619 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04745.x PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 643HC UT WOS:000281285200009 PM 20723066 ER PT J AU Eckert, AJ Bower, AD Gonzalez-Martinez, SC Wegrzyn, JL Coop, G Neale, DB AF Eckert, Andrew J. Bower, Andrew D. Gonzalez-Martinez, Santiago C. Wegrzyn, Jill L. Coop, Graham Neale, David B. TI Back to nature: ecological genomics of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda, Pinaceae) SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE adaptation; ecological genomics; environmental gradients; Pinus taeda; population structure; single nucleotide polymorphisms ID SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; NEUTRAL GENETIC DIVERSITY; COASTAL DOUGLAS-FIR; ASSOCIATION GENETICS; LANDSCAPE GENETICS; GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION; POPULATION GENOMICS; POPULUS-TRICHOCARPA; MOLECULAR MARKERS; TREE POPULATIONS AB Genetic variation is often arrayed in latitudinal or altitudinal clines, reflecting either adaptation along environmental gradients, migratory routes, or both. For forest trees, climate is one of the most important drivers of adaptive phenotypic traits. Correlations of single and multilocus genotypes with environmental gradients have been identified for a variety of forest trees. These correlations are interpreted normally as evidence of natural selection. Here, we use a genome-wide dataset of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) typed from 1730 loci in 682 loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) trees sampled from 54 local populations covering the full-range of the species to examine allelic correlations to five multivariate measures of climate. Applications of a Bayesian generalized linear mixed model, where the climate variable was a fixed effect and an estimated variance-covariance matrix controlled random effects due to shared population history, identified several well-supported SNPs associating to principal components corresponding to geography, temperature, growing degree-days, precipitation and aridity. Functional annotation of those genes with putative orthologs in Arabidopsis revealed a diverse set of abiotic stress response genes ranging from transmembrane proteins to proteins involved in sugar metabolism. Many of these SNPs also had large allele frequency differences among populations (F(ST) = 0.10-0.35). These results illustrate a first step towards a ecosystem perspective of population genomics for non-model organisms, but also highlight the need for further integration of the methodologies employed in spatial statistics, population genetics and climate modeling during scans for signatures of natural selection from genomic data. C1 [Eckert, Andrew J.; Coop, Graham; Neale, David B.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Eckert, Andrew J.; Coop, Graham] Univ Calif Davis, Sect Evolut & Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bower, Andrew D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gonzalez-Martinez, Santiago C.] CIFOR INIA, Dept Forest Syst & Resources, Forest Res Inst, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Wegrzyn, Jill L.; Neale, David B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Neale, David B.] US Forest Serv, Inst Forest Genet, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Neale, DB (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM dbneale@ucdavis.edu RI Eckert, Andrew/E-4788-2011; Gonzalez-Martinez, Santiago C/H-2014-2012; OI Eckert, Andrew/0000-0002-6522-2646; Gonzalez-Martinez, Santiago C/0000-0002-4534-3766; Wegrzyn, Jill/0000-0001-5923-0888; Coop, Graham/0000-0001-8431-0302 FU National Science Foundation [DBI-0501763] FX The authors would like to thank Valerie Hipkins, Vanessa K. Rashbrook, Charles M. Nicolet, John D. Liechty, Benjamin N. Figueroa and Gabriel G. Rosa for laboratory and bioinformatics support. We would also like to thank W. Patrick Cumbie and Barry Goldfarb for providing geographic information for sampled trees and Aslam Mohamed for creating the linkage map. Comments from four anonymous reviewers much improved the manuscript. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation [grant number DBI-0501763]. NR 103 TC 111 Z9 113 U1 8 U2 108 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0962-1083 J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 19 IS 17 SI SI BP 3789 EP 3805 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04698.x PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 643HC UT WOS:000281285200021 PM 20723060 ER PT J AU Sork, VL Davis, FW Westfall, R Flint, A Ikegami, M Wang, HF Grivet, D AF Sork, Victoria L. Davis, Frank W. Westfall, Robert Flint, Alan Ikegami, Makihiko Wang, Hongfang Grivet, Delphine TI Gene movement and genetic association with regional climate gradients in California valley oak (Quercus lobata Nee) in the face of climate change SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chloroplast and nuclear microsatellite; climate change; climate envelope; environmental gradients; landscape genetics ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; WIND-POLLINATED TREE; LANDSCAPE GENETICS; EVOLUTIONARY RESPONSES; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGES; CONTRASTING PATTERNS; DEMOGRAPHIC HISTORY; NATURAL-SELECTION; PINUS-SYLVESTRIS AB Rapid climate change jeopardizes tree populations by shifting current climate zones. To avoid extinction, tree populations must tolerate, adapt, or migrate. Here we investigate geographic patterns of genetic variation in valley oak, Quercus lobata Nee, to assess how underlying genetic structure of populations might influence this species' ability to survive climate change. First, to understand how genetic lineages shape spatial genetic patterns, we examine historical patterns of colonization. Second, we examine the correlation between multivariate nuclear genetic variation and climatic variation. Third, to illustrate how geographic genetic variation could interact with regional patterns of 21st Century climate change, we produce region-specific bioclimatic distributions of valley oak using Maximum Entropy (MAXENT) models based on downscaled historical (1971-2000) and future (2070-2100) climate grids. Future climatologies are based on a moderate-high (A2) carbon emission scenario and two different global climate models. Chloroplast markers indicate historical range-wide connectivity via colonization, especially in the north. Multivariate nuclear genotypes show a strong association with climate variation that provides opportunity for local adaptation to the conditions within their climatic envelope. Comparison of regional current and projected patterns of climate suitability indicates that valley oaks grow in distinctly different climate conditions in different parts of their range. Our models predict widely different regional outcomes from local displacement of a few kilometres to hundreds of kilometres. We conclude that the relative importance of migration, adaptation, and tolerance are likely to vary widely for populations among regions, and that late 21st Century conditions could lead to regional extinctions. C1 [Sork, Victoria L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Sork, Victoria L.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Environm, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Davis, Frank W.; Ikegami, Makihiko] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Westfall, Robert] US Forest Serv, USDA, PSW Res Stn, Berkeley, CA 94701 USA. [Flint, Alan] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. [Wang, Hongfang] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Wang, Hongfang] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proc & Resource Ecol, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Grivet, Delphine] CIFOR INIA, Ctr Forest Res, Dept Ecol & Genet, Madrid 28040, Spain. RP Sork, VL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Box 951606, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM vlsork@ucla.edu RI li, dongsheng/B-2285-2012; Davis, Frank/B-7010-2009; Grivet, Delphine/G-9708-2012; IKEGAMI, Makihiko/E-6612-2012; OI Davis, Frank/0000-0002-4643-5718; Grivet, Delphine/0000-0001-8168-4456; Westfall, Bob/0000-0002-8315-3322 FU UCLA Division of Life Sciences; NSF [DEB-0089445, DEB-0516529]; National Geographic Society; California Energy Commission [CEC 500-08-020]; China National Scientific and Technical Foundation [2006FY210100] FX We thank the anonymous reviewers who provide valuable suggestions on how to improve the manuscript. We are grateful to: Rodney Dyer and Doug Scofield for discussions of data analysis; Keith Gaddis, Karen Lundy, Stephanie Steele, and Pam Thompson for comments on manuscript; Charles Winder, Edith Martinez, and Karen Lundy for laboratory work; and Uma Dandekar and other staff at the UCLA Sequencing and Genotyping Core Facility. We thank all those people who were drafted into collecting oak leaves, including Brian Alfaro, Maria Valbuena-Carabana, Kurt Merg, Andrea Pluess, Andrea Sork, Danielle Sork, Silke Werth, and Charles Winder. Over the years of data collection and analysis, VLS received funding from UCLA Division of Life Sciences, UCLA Senate Faculty Research Programme, NSF DEB-0089445, NSF DEB-0516529, and the National Geographic Society. FWD and MI were supported by California Energy Commission research project CEC 500-08-020. HW was supported by the China National Scientific and Technical Foundation Project (Grant No. 2006FY210100). NR 86 TC 102 Z9 103 U1 10 U2 107 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0962-1083 J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 19 IS 17 SI SI BP 3806 EP 3823 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04726.x PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 643HC UT WOS:000281285200022 PM 20723054 ER PT J AU Apple, JL Grace, T Joern, A Amand, PS Wisely, SM AF Apple, Jennifer L. Grace, Tony Joern, Anthony Amand, Paul St. Wisely, Samantha M. TI Comparative genome scan detects host-related divergent selection in the grasshopper Hesperotettix viridis SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE AFLPs; ecological speciation; genetic differentiation; herbivorous insects; mtDNA; Orthoptera ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; BEBBIANAE LEAF BEETLES; PLANT-FEEDING INSECTS; APPLE MAGGOT FLY; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; ECOLOGICAL SPECIATION; SYMPATRIC SPECIATION; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS AB In this study, we used a comparative genome scan to examine patterns of population differentiation with respect to host plant use in Hesperotettix viridis, a Nearctic oligophagous grasshopper locally specialized on various Asteraceae including Solidago, Gutierrezia, and Ericameria. We identified amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) loci with significantly elevated F(ST) (outlier loci) in multiple different-host and same-host comparisons of populations while controlling for geographic distance. By comparing the number and identities of outlier loci in different-host vs. same-host comparisons, we found evidence of host plant-related divergent selection for some population comparisons (Solidago- vs. Gutierrezia-feeders), while other comparisons (Ericameria- vs. Gutierrezia-feeders) failed to demonstrate a strong role for host association in population differentiation. In comparisons of Solidago- vs. Gutierrezia-feeding populations, a relatively high number of outlier loci observed repeatedly in different-host comparisons (35% of all outliers and 2.7% of all 625 AFLP loci) indicated a significant role for host-related selection in contributing to overall genomic differentiation in this grasshopper. Mitochondrial DNA sequence data revealed a star-shaped phylogeny with no host- or geography-related structure, low nucleotide diversity, and high haplotype diversity, suggesting a recent population expansion. mtDNA data do not suggest a long period of isolation in separate glacial refugia but are instead more compatible with a single glacial refugium and more recent divergence in host use. Our study adds to research documenting heterogeneity in differentiation across the genome as a consequence of divergent natural selection, a phenomenon that may occur as part of the process of ecological speciation. C1 [Apple, Jennifer L.; Joern, Anthony; Wisely, Samantha M.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Apple, Jennifer L.] SUNY Coll Geneseo, Dept Biol, Geneseo, NY 14454 USA. [Grace, Tony] Kansas State Univ, Interdept Genet Program, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Amand, Paul St.] Kansas State Univ, ARS, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Wisely, SM (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, 116 Ackert Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM wisely@ksu.edu FU Kansas State University Division of Biology; Ecological Genomics Institute at KSU; SUNY Geneseo; Geneseo Foundation FX We thank S. Mueting and S. Paladini for laboratory assistance, M. Statham and G. Sword for advice in analysis and design, J. Jaenike and J. Marshall for suggestions on Wolbachia tests, and N. Whiteman for useful comments on a draft. We also thank S. Via, J. Peccoud, and three anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions on earlier versions of this manuscript. STRUCTURE analyses were performed in part using the resources of the Computational Biology Service Unit at Cornell University. Funding was provided by the Kansas State University Division of Biology and the Ecological Genomics Institute at KSU. SUNY Geneseo and the Geneseo Foundation also provided support to JLA. This publication represents Kansas AES contribution number 10-218-J. NR 97 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0962-1083 J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 19 IS 18 BP 4012 EP 4028 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2010.04792.x PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 649TS UT WOS:000281797400017 PM 20735740 ER PT J AU Landguth, EL Cushman, SA Murphy, MA Luikart, G AF Landguth, E. L. Cushman, S. A. Murphy, M. A. Luikart, G. TI Relationships between migration rates and landscape resistance assessed using individual-based simulations SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE computer simulation; F(ST); gene flow; habitat fragmentation; isolation by distance; landscape genetics; partial barriers; population connectivity; spatial statistics ID GENE FLOW; POPULATION-GENETICS; HABITAT LOSS; DISTANCE; PROGRAM; FRAGMENTATION; HETEROGENEITY; CONNECTIVITY; DISPERSAL; ECOLOGY AB Linking landscape effects on gene flow to processes such as dispersal and mating is essential to provide a conceptual foundation for landscape genetics. It is particularly important to determine how classical population genetic models relate to recent individual-based landscape genetic models when assessing individual movement and its influence on population genetic structure. We used classical Wright-Fisher models and spatially explicit, individual-based, landscape genetic models to simulate gene flow via dispersal and mating in a series of landscapes representing two patches of habitat separated by a barrier. We developed a mathematical formula that predicts the relationship between barrier strength (i.e., permeability) and the migration rate (m) across the barrier, thereby linking spatially explicit landscape genetics to classical population genetics theory. We then assessed the reliability of the function by obtaining population genetics parameters (m, F(ST)) using simulations for both spatially explicit and Wright-Fisher simulation models for a range of gene flow rates. Next, we show that relaxing some of the assumptions of the Wright-Fisher model can substantially change population substructure (i.e., F(ST)). For example, isolation by distance among individuals on each side of a barrier maintains an F(ST) of similar to 0.20 regardless of migration rate across the barrier, whereas panmixia on each side of the barrier results in an F(ST) that changes with m as predicted by classical population genetics theory. We suggest that individual-based, spatially explicit modelling provides a general framework to investigate how interactions between movement and landscape resistance drive population genetic patterns and connectivity across complex landscapes. C1 [Landguth, E. L.] Univ Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Landguth, E. L.; Cushman, S. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Murphy, M. A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Luikart, G.] Univ Porto CIBIO UP, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal. [Luikart, G.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Landguth, EL (reprint author), Univ Montana, Math Bldg, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM erin.landguth@umconnect.umt.edu RI Murphy, Melanie/D-2605-2009; OI Luikart, Gordon/0000-0001-8697-0582 FU Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture; National Science Foundation [DGE-0504628]; Portuguese American Foundation for Development; CIBIO-UP; Portuguese Science Foundation [PTDC/BIA-BDE/65625/2006, PTDC/CVT/69438/2006] FX This work was supported in part by funds provided by the Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and by the National Science Foundation grant #DGE-0504628. G. Luikart was partially supported by the Portuguese American Foundation for Development, CIBIO-UP, and grants from the Portuguese Science Foundation (PTDC/BIA-BDE/65625/2006; PTDC/CVT/69438/2006). NR 34 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1755-098X J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 10 IS 5 BP 854 EP 862 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 639TU UT WOS:000280998200010 PM 21565096 ER PT J AU Bramwell, L AF Bramwell, Lincoln TI The Nation's Largest Landlord THE BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT IN THE AMERICAN WEST SO MONTANA-THE MAGAZINE OF WESTERN HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Bramwell, Lincoln] US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Bramwell, L (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MONTANA HISTORICAL SOC PI HELENA PA 225 N ROBERTS ST, HELENA, MT 59601 USA SN 0026-9891 J9 MONTANA JI Mont.-Mag. West. Hist. PD FAL PY 2010 VL 60 IS 3 BP 85 EP 86 PG 2 WC History SC History GA 681IH UT WOS:000284304100014 ER PT J AU Stefani, FOP Sokolski, S Wurtz, TL Piche, Y Hamelin, RC Fortin, JA Berube, JA AF Stefani, Franck O. P. Sokolski, Serge Wurtz, Trish L. Piche, Yves Hamelin, Richard C. Fortin, J. Andre Berube, Jean A. TI Morchella tomentosa: a unique belowground structure and a new clade of morels SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE belowground structure; burned boreal forest; connective mycelium; post-fire morels; radiscisclerotia; rRNA phylogeny; sclerotia ID ROTUNDA; DNA; IDENTIFICATION; ASSOCIATION; INFERENCE; ESCULENTA; ALIGNMENT; MRBAYES; ROOTS; FIELD AB Mechanisms involved in post-fire morel fructification remain unclear. A new undescribed belowground vegetative structure of Morchella tomentosa in a burned boreal forest was investigated north of Fairbanks, Alaska. The name "radiscisclerotium" is proposed to define this peculiar and elaborate belowground vegetative structure of M. tomentosa. Bayesian and maximum parsimony analyses based on ITS rRNA regions and nLSU gene strongly supported a new clade composed of M. tomentosa within the genus Morchella. C1 [Stefani, Franck O. P.; Sokolski, Serge; Piche, Yves; Fortin, J. Andre] Univ Laval, Dept Sci Bois & Foret, Fac Foresterie Geog & Geomat, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada. [Wurtz, Trish L.] Univ Alaska, Boreal Ecol Cooperat Res Unit, USDA, Forest Serv, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Hamelin, Richard C.; Berube, Jean A.] Canadian Forest Serv, Nat Resources Canada, Laurentian Forestry Ctr, Quebec City, PQ G1V 4C7, Canada. RP Stefani, FOP (reprint author), Univ Laval, Dept Sci Bois & Foret, Fac Foresterie Geog & Geomat, 1030 Ave Med,Pavillon C-E Marchand, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada. EM Franck.Stefani@RNCan-NRCan.gc.ca FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); NSERC FX This work was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The financial assistance provided by the NSERC is gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank Dr. M. Kuo for his critical view of the manuscript and the two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments concerning the earlier version of this article. NR 27 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 10 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 102 IS 5 BP 1082 EP 1088 DI 10.3852/09-294 PG 7 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 647OJ UT WOS:000281627500009 PM 20943507 ER PT J AU Baird, RE Wadl, PA Allen, T McNeill, D Wang, XW Moulton, JK Rinehart, TA Abbas, HK Shier, T Trigiano, RN AF Baird, Richard E. Wadl, Phillip A. Allen, Thomas McNeill, David Wang, Xinwang Moulton, John K. Rinehart, Timothy A. Abbas, Hamed K. Shier, Thomas Trigiano, Robert N. TI Variability of United States Isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina Based on Simple Sequence Repeats and Cross Genus Transferability to Related Genera Within Botryosphaeriaceae SO MYCOPATHOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Microsatellites; Charcoal rot; SSR; Botryosphaeriaceae; Genetics; Isolates ID CHARCOAL ROT FUNGUS; GENETIC-VARIABILITY; PATHOGENICITY; AMPLIFICATION; COUNTRIES AB Twelve simple sequence repeat (SSRs) loci were used to evaluate genetic diversity of 109 isolates of Macrophomina phaseolina collected from different geographical regions and host species throughout the United States (US). Genetic diversity was assessed using Nei's minimum genetic distance, and the usefulness of each locus was determined by calculating the polymorphism information content (PIC). A total of 98 alleles were detected and of these 31 were unique to individual genotypes. Eight of twelve loci were highly informative with PIC values greater than 0.50. The majority of pairwise comparisons of genetic distance were greater than 0.60 indicating moderate to high genetic diversity. Dendrograms based on the genetic dissimilarities were created for the 109 isolates of which 79 were from soybean. Some clustering by host and geography was noted, but, the dendrograms generally grouped isolates independent of host or geography. Additionally, sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) for 10 isolates revealed that all of these isolates were 99% similar. Three SSR loci from M. phaseolina were cross amplified in other genera in the Botryosphaeriaceae. This was the first study of genotyping and assessing genetic diversity of M. phaseolina isolates collected from a widespread host and geographic range across the US with SSRs. With an additional 34 loci publically available for M. phaseolina, the results indicate that previously developed SSRs from one species can be used in future population, ecological, and genetic studies of M. phaseolina and other genera within the Botryosphaeriaceae. C1 [Baird, Richard E.; McNeill, David] Mississippi State Univ, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. [Wadl, Phillip A.; Moulton, John K.; Trigiano, Robert N.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Allen, Thomas] Delta Res & Extens Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Wang, Xinwang] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Dallas, TX 75252 USA. [Rinehart, Timothy A.] ARS, USDA, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Abbas, Hamed K.] ARS, USDA, CGRU MSA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Shier, Thomas] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Baird, RE (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. EM rbaird@plantpath.msstate.edu FU USDA [58-6404-7-213] FX Approved for publication as Journal Article No. J-11724 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State University. This work was supported by USDA Agreement no. 58-6404-7-213. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the University of Tennessee or the USDA. NR 33 TC 14 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-486X J9 MYCOPATHOLOGIA JI Mycopathologia PD SEP PY 2010 VL 170 IS 3 BP 169 EP 180 DI 10.1007/s11046-010-9308-3 PG 12 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 622XF UT WOS:000279698800005 PM 20352493 ER PT J AU Clausen, CA Green, F Kartal, SN AF Clausen, Carol A. Green, Frederick, III Kartal, S. Nami TI Weatherability and Leach Resistance of Wood Impregnated with Nano-Zinc Oxide SO NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Nano-zinc; Nanometal; Leaching; Wood preservation; UV degradation ID COATINGS AB Southern pine specimens vacuum-treated with nano-zinc oxide (nano-ZnO) dispersions were evaluated for leach resistance and UV protection. Virtually, no leaching occurred in any of the nano-ZnO-treated specimens in a laboratory leach test, even at the highest retention of 13 kg/m(3). However, specimens treated with high concentrations of nano-ZnO showed 58-65% chemical depletion after 12 months of outdoor exposure. Protection from UV damage after 12 months exposure is visibly obvious on both exposed and unexposed surfaces compared to untreated controls. Graying was markedly diminished, although checking occurred in all specimens. Nano-zinc oxide treatment at a concentration of 2.5% or greater provided substantial resistance to water absorption following 12 months of outdoor exposure compared to untreated and unweathered southern pine. We conclude that nano-zinc oxide can be utilized in new wood preservative formulations to impart resistance to leaching, water absorption and UV damage of wood. C1 [Clausen, Carol A.; Green, Frederick, III] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Kartal, S. Nami] Istanbul Univ, Fac Forestry, Dept Forest Biol & Wood Protect Technol, Istanbul, Turkey. RP Clausen, CA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM cclausen@fs.fed.us RI Kartal, Nami/E-6516-2013 NR 13 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1931-7573 J9 NANOSCALE RES LETT JI Nanoscale Res. Lett. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 5 IS 9 BP 1464 EP 1467 DI 10.1007/s11671-010-9662-6 PG 4 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 637VE UT WOS:000280846000014 ER PT J AU Fitzpatrick, K Thompson, JP AF Fitzpatrick, Katie Thompson, Jeffrey P. TI THE INTERACTION OF METROPOLITAN COST-OF-LIVING AND THE FEDERAL EARNED INCOME TAX CREDIT: ONE SIZE FITS ALL? SO NATIONAL TAX JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE EITC; labor supply; housing costs; cost-of-living differentials ID LOCAL-LABOR MARKETS; SINGLE MOTHERS; UNITED-STATES; WELFARE; CITIES; LIFE; PRODUCTIVITY; AMENITIES; QUALITY; WAGES AB This paper explores the interaction between the federal Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) and the cost-of-living faced by single mothers. After the 1993 EITC expansion, we identify up to an 8 percentage point increase in labor force participation for single mothers in the lowest cost areas but no discernible response in the highest cost areas. We conclude that the EITC's welfare-enhancing properties are undermined by the interaction of the program's fixed national rules and geographic variation in wages and the cost-of-living. In addition, our findings suggest that the EITC does little to reduce joblessness in many of the nation's largest cities. C1 [Fitzpatrick, Katie] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Thompson, Jeffrey P.] Univ Massachusetts, PERI, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Fitzpatrick, K (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM kfitzpatrick@ers.usda.gov; jthompson@peri.umass.edu NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL TAX ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 725 15TH ST, N W #600, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-2109 USA SN 0028-0283 J9 NATL TAX J JI Natl. Tax J. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 63 IS 3 BP 419 EP 445 PG 27 WC Business, Finance; Economics SC Business & Economics GA 643DG UT WOS:000281273600002 ER PT J AU Tabanca, N Bernier, UR Tsikolia, M Becnel, JJ Sampson, B Werle, C Demirci, B Baser, KHC Blythe, EK Pounders, C Wedge, DE AF Tabanca, Nurhayat Bernier, Ulrich R. Tsikolia, Maia Becnel, James J. Sampson, Blair Werle, Chris Demirci, Betuel Baser, Kemal Huesnue Can Blythe, Eugene K. Pounders, Cecil Wedge, David E. TI Eupatorium capillifolium Essential Oil: Chemical Composition, Antifungal Activity, and Insecticidal Activity SO NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Eupatorium capillifolium; strawberry anthracnose; plant pathogens; bioautography; thymol methyl ether; mosquito control; Aedes aegypti; Stephanitis pyrioides ID AEDES-AEGYPTI; REPELLENT; PESTICIDES; ASTERACEAE; MOSQUITOS; BIOASSAY; PEST AB Natural plant extracts often contain compounds that are useful in pest management applications. The essential oil of Eupatorium capillifolium (dog-fennel) was investigated for antifungal and insecticidal activities. Essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation of aerial parts was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The major components were determined to be thymol methyl ether (=methyl thymol) (36.3%), 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene (20.8%) and myrcene (15.7%). Antifungal activity of the essential oil was weak against the plant pathogens Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae, and C. gloeosporioides in direct bioautography assay. The E. capillifolium oil showed promising repellent activity against the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti, whereas the oil exhibited moderate activity against the mosquito's first instar larvae in a high throughput bioassay. Topical applications of the oil showed no activity against the blood-feeding female adults of A. aegypti. Eupatorium capillifolium essential oil showed a linear dose response between adult lace bug (Stephanitis pyrioides) mortality and increasing oil concentration in an adulticidal activity bioassay. The dog-fennel oil was more potent than the conventional insecticide malathion. In conclusion, these combined results showed Eupatorium capillifolium oil is a promising novel source of a biological insecticide with multiple modes of action. C1 [Tabanca, Nurhayat; Wedge, David E.] Univ Mississippi, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA ARS, University, MS 38677 USA. [Bernier, Ulrich R.; Tsikolia, Maia; Becnel, James J.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Sampson, Blair; Werle, Chris; Pounders, Cecil] USDA ARS, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Demirci, Betuel; Baser, Kemal Huesnue Can] Anadolu Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, TR-26470 Eskisehir, Turkey. [Blythe, Eugene K.] Mississippi State Univ, Coastal Res & Extens Ctr, S Mississippi Branch Expt Stn, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Wedge, DE (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA ARS, University, MS 38677 USA. EM dwedge@olemiss.edu RI Baser, K. Husnu Can/C-3109-2008; OI Baser, Kemal Husnu Can/0000-0003-2710-0231 FU Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program; U.S. Department of Defense through Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB) FX The authors thank Ms. J. Linda Robertson, Ms. Ramona Pace, Ms. Xiaoning Wang, Dr. Julia Pridgeon, Mr. William Reid, Mr. Nathan Newlon, Mr. Greg Allen and Ms. Natasha Elejalde for great assistance with the mosquito bioassays. This study was supported by a grant from the Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program and the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB). NR 35 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 10 PU NATURAL PRODUCTS INC PI WESTERVILLE PA 7963 ANDERSON PARK LN, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 USA SN 1934-578X J9 NAT PROD COMMUN JI Nat. Prod. Commun. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 5 IS 9 SI SI BP 1409 EP 1415 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Food Science & Technology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Food Science & Technology GA 647OK UT WOS:000281627600015 PM 20922999 ER PT J AU Tabanca, N Demirci, B Turner, JL Pounders, C Demirci, F Baser, KHC Wedge, DE AF Tabanca, Nurhayat Demirci, Betul Turner, Jimmy L. Pounders, Cecil Demirci, Fatih Baser, Kemal Huesnue Can Wedge, David E. TI Microdistillation and Analysis of Volatiles from Eight Ornamental Salvia Taxa SO NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Salvia; microdistillation; GC/MS; (Z)-3-hexenal; 1-octen-3-ol; limonene; 1,8-cineole ID REARRANGED NEOCLERODANE SKELETON; LEUCANTHA CAV; ESSENTIAL OIL; CLERODANE DITERPENOIDS; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITIES; COCCINEA; TERPENOIDS; TRITERPENE; LAMIACEAE; SPLENDENS AB Volatile compounds from seven Salvia species and one interspecific hybrid growing at the Dallas Arboretum and Botanical Garden, Texas, US. Salvia coccinea, S. farinacea, S. greggii, S. leucantha, S. longispicata x farinacea, S. madrensis, S. roemeriana and S. splendens were investigated for their chemical compositions using a microdistillation technique. Volatiles were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). One hundred and twenty seven compounds were identified representing 94.3-99.7% of the oils. The major components in each of the seven species were as follows: S. coccinea (Z)-3-hexenal (31%), viridiflorol (19%); S. farinacea 1-octen-3-ol (30%) and (Z)-3-hexenal (23%); S. greggii 1,8-cineole (22%), borneol (17%), camphene (11%) and a-pinene (10%); S. leucantha limonene (35%) and a-pinene (17%); S. longispicata x farinacea 1-octen-3-ol (50%) and (Z)-3-hexenal (24%); S. madrensis (Z)-3-hexenal (53%); S. roemeriana limonene (49%) and alpha-pinene (20%); and S. splendens (Z)-3-hexenal (36%), 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene (19%) and linalool (11%). The microdistillation method was fast, practical and a useful technique that enabled the isolation of the volatiles in samples when only limited quantities were available. C1 [Tabanca, Nurhayat; Wedge, David E.] Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS, NPURU, University, MS 38677 USA. [Demirci, Betul; Demirci, Fatih; Baser, Kemal Huesnue Can] Anadolu Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, TR-26470 Eskisehir, Turkey. [Turner, Jimmy L.] Dallas Arboretum & Bot Garden, Dallas, TX 75218 USA. [Pounders, Cecil] USDA ARS, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Wedge, DE (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS, NPURU, University, MS 38677 USA. EM dwedge@olemiss.edu RI Baser, K. Husnu Can/C-3109-2008; Demirci, Fatih /A-8295-2008; OI Demirci, Fatih /0000-0003-1497-3017; Baser, Kemal Husnu Can/0000-0003-2710-0231 NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATURAL PRODUCTS INC PI WESTERVILLE PA 7963 ANDERSON PARK LN, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 USA SN 1934-578X J9 NAT PROD COMMUN JI Nat. Prod. Commun. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 5 IS 9 SI SI BP 1421 EP 1426 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Food Science & Technology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Food Science & Technology GA 647OK UT WOS:000281627600017 PM 20923001 ER PT J AU Chan, AP Crabtree, J Zhao, Q Lorenzi, H Orvis, J Puiu, D Melake-Berhan, A Jones, KM Redman, J Chen, G Cahoon, EB Gedil, M Stanke, M Haas, BJ Wortman, JR Fraser-Liggett, CM Ravel, J Rabinowicz, PD AF Chan, Agnes P. Crabtree, Jonathan Zhao, Qi Lorenzi, Hernan Orvis, Joshua Puiu, Daniela Melake-Berhan, Admasu Jones, Kristine M. Redman, Julia Chen, Grace Cahoon, Edgar B. Gedil, Melaku Stanke, Mario Haas, Brian J. Wortman, Jennifer R. Fraser-Liggett, Claire M. Ravel, Jacques Rabinowicz, Pablo D. TI Draft genome sequence of the oilseed species Ricinus communis SO NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FATTY-ACIDS; CASTOR-OIL; TRANSGENIC ARABIDOPSIS; GENE; PLANTS; ANNOTATION; CLONING; ENZYME AB Castor bean (Ricinus communis) is an oilseed crop that belongs to the spurge (Euphorbiaceae) family, which comprises similar to 6,300 species that include cassava (Manihot esculenta), rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) and physic nut (Jatropha curcas). It is primarily of economic interest as a source of castor oil, used for the production of high-quality lubricants because of its high proportion of the unusual fatty acid ricinoleic acid. However, castor bean genomics is also relevant to biosecurity as the seeds contain high levels of ricin, a highly toxic, ribosome-inactivating protein. Here we report the draft genome sequence of castor bean (4.6-fold coverage), the first for a member of the Euphorbiaceae. Whereas most of the key genes involved in oil synthesis and turnover are single copy, the number of members of the ricin gene family is larger than previously thought. Comparative genomics analysis suggests the presence of an ancient hexaploidization event that is conserved across the dicotyledonous lineage. C1 [Chan, Agnes P.; Zhao, Qi; Lorenzi, Hernan; Melake-Berhan, Admasu; Rabinowicz, Pablo D.] JCVI, Rockville, MD USA. [Crabtree, Jonathan; Orvis, Joshua; Jones, Kristine M.; Redman, Julia; Wortman, Jennifer R.; Fraser-Liggett, Claire M.; Ravel, Jacques; Rabinowicz, Pablo D.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, IGS, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Puiu, Daniela] Univ Maryland, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Chen, Grace] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr Crop Improvement & Utilizat, Albany, CA USA. [Cahoon, Edgar B.] Univ Nebraska, Ctr Plant Sci Innovat, Lincoln, NE USA. [Cahoon, Edgar B.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biochem, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Gedil, Melaku] Int Inst Trop Agr, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Stanke, Mario] Univ Gottingen, Abt Bioinformat, Inst Mikrobiol & Genet, Gottingen, Germany. [Haas, Brian J.] Massachusetts Inst Technol & Harvard, Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA USA. [Rabinowicz, Pablo D.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Rabinowicz, PD (reprint author), JCVI, Rockville, MD USA. EM prabinowicz@som.umaryland.edu RI Moller, Birger Lindberg/H-2657-2014; OI Moller, Birger Lindberg/0000-0002-3252-3119; Wortman, Jennifer/0000-0002-8713-1227; Ravel, Jacques/0000-0002-0851-2233; Fraser, Claire/0000-0003-1462-2428 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [N01-AI-30071]; Federal Bureau of Investigation [J-FBI-04-186]; National Science Foundation [DBI 0701919] FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under NIAID Contract N01-AI-30071 (R. communis subproject) awarded to C.M.F.-L., J.R., J.R.W. and P.D.R.; Federal Bureau of Investigation grant J-FBI-04-186 to C.M.F.-L., J.R. and P.D.R.; and National Science Foundation grant DBI 0701919 to E.B.C. We thank the Joint Technology Center at J. Craig Venter Institute for carrying out all sequencing work, and K. Wurdack for his assistance with phylogenetics. NR 75 TC 181 Z9 256 U1 4 U2 52 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1087-0156 EI 1546-1696 J9 NAT BIOTECHNOL JI Nat. Biotechnol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 28 IS 9 BP 951 EP U3 DI 10.1038/nbt.1674 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 648UF UT WOS:000281719100021 PM 20729833 ER PT J AU Dolgin, E Shah, R AF Dolgin, Elie Shah, Rajiv TI Straight talk with ... Rajiv Shah SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Shah, Rajiv] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 16 IS 9 BP 941 EP 941 DI 10.1038/nm0910-941 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 647MP UT WOS:000281622900009 ER PT J AU Ordovas, JM Smith, CE AF Ordovas, Jose M. Smith, Caren E. TI Epigenetics and cardiovascular disease SO NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID HISTONE ACETYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY; ABERRANT DNA METHYLATION; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES; HEART-DISEASE; DUTCH FAMINE; DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS; VASCULAR-DISEASE; CHROMATIN TRANSCRIPTION; ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS AB Despite advances in the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD), this group of multifactorial disorders remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. CVD is associated with multiple genetic and modifiable risk factors; however, known environmental and genetic influences can only explain a small part of the variability in CVD risk, which is a major obstacle for its prevention and treatment. A more thorough understanding of the factors that contribute to CVD is, therefore, needed to develop more efficacious and cost-effective therapy. Application of the 'omics' technologies will hopefully make these advances a reality. Epigenomics has emerged as one of the most promising areas that will address some of the gaps in our current knowledge of the interaction between nature and nurture in the development of CVD. Epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA alterations, which collectively enable the cell to respond quickly to environmental changes. A number of CVD risk factors, such as nutrition, smoking, pollution, stress, and the circadian rhythm, have been associated with modification of epigenetic marks. Further examination of these mechanisms may lead to earlier prevention and novel therapy for CVD. C1 [Ordovas, Jose M.; Smith, Caren E.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Ordovas, JM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jose.ordovas@tufts.edu RI Waha, Andreas/J-2950-2014; OI Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 FU National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute [HL-54776]; National institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [DK075030]; USDA Department of Agricultural Research Service [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001] FX This work was supported by grants from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (HL-54776), and the National institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK075030), and by contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001 from the USDA Department of Agricultural Research Service. NR 110 TC 133 Z9 141 U1 9 U2 56 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1759-5002 J9 NAT REV CARDIOL JI Nat. Rev. Cardiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 7 IS 9 BP 510 EP 519 DI 10.1038/nrcardio.2010.104 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 642AI UT WOS:000281174600007 PM 20603647 ER PT J AU Mataruga, M Haase, DL Isajev, V AF Mataruga, Milan Haase, Diane L. Isajev, Vasilije TI Dynamics of seed imbibition and germination of Austrian pine (Pinus nigra Arnold) from extreme habitat conditions within five Balkan provenances SO NEW FORESTS LA English DT Article DE Pinus nigra; Seed imbibition; Adaptation; Drought stress ID WATER-STRESS; MOISTURE STRESS; POPULATIONS; SPRUCE; METABOLISM; PLANTS; L. AB Seed was collected from two habitat types (harsh/rocky and favorable/control) within five Balkan provenances. An experiment was conducted to examine water uptake (grams water per gram of fresh seed) during 48 h after exposure to water. A second experiment investigated the effect of simulated-drought conditions (4% sucrose solution) compared to non-drought conditions (distilled water) on subsequent germination percentage. Seed from rocky habitats had less water uptake than those from control habitats for three of the provenances. However, water uptake was not correlated with subsequent germination. Drought simulation decreased germination but patterns for seed within each provenance were similar to germination under non-drought conditions. With the exception of one provenance, seed from the rocky habitats had lower germination than seed from control habitats. The data suggests some degree of adaptation to environmental conditions although variability was very high within each provenance's habitat types. This is of particular importance when considering potential impacts of climate change and the anticipated migration of species due to changes in habitat. C1 [Mataruga, Milan] Univ Banja Luka, Fac Forestry, Banja Luka 78000, Bosnia & Herceg. [Haase, Diane L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Portland, OR 97208 USA. [Isajev, Vasilije] Univ Belgrade, Fac Forestry, Belgrade 11030, Serbia. RP Mataruga, M (reprint author), Univ Banja Luka, Fac Forestry, 75A, Banja Luka 78000, Bosnia & Herceg. EM mmataruga@gmail.com NR 52 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4286 J9 NEW FOREST JI New For. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 40 IS 2 BP 229 EP 242 DI 10.1007/s11056-010-9196-x PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 635IZ UT WOS:000280650100009 ER PT J AU Hofmeyer, PV Kenefic, LS Seymour, RS AF Hofmeyer, Philip V. Kenefic, Laura S. Seymour, Robert S. TI Historical Stem Development of Northern White-Cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.) in Maine SO NORTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE swamp; conifer; arborvitae; Acadian ID SPRUCE BUDWORM OUTBREAKS; GREAT-LAKES REGION; TAILED DEER; GROWTH; FORESTS; ORIGIN; PRESETTLEMENT; DIGESTIBILITY; REGENERATION; DISTURBANCE AB We used stem analysis to quantify early height and diameter growth rates of 80 northern white-cedar trees (17.4-55.0 cm dbh) harvested in 2005 and 2006 in central and northern Maine. It took an average of 42 years (range, 9-86 years) for sampled trees to grow from stump height to sapling size, 96 years to grow to pole size (range, 28-171), 140 years to grow to sawtimber size (range, 54-238), and 170 years to reach shingle-stock size (range, 81-317). Approximately 80% of sampled trees had initial growth suppression followed by release, suggesting they originated as advance regeneration. The mean period of initial suppression exceeded 60 years, and some trees responded to release after nearly 200 years. Although growth rates were generally slow, the variability observed suggests the potential for northern white-cedar both to withstand prolonged periods of suppression and to grow rapidly under favorable conditions. Observed patterns suggest that this species might respond well to uneven-aged or shelterwood silvicultural systems; foresters are recommended to encourage advance regeneration and emphasize protection of the residual northern white-cedar understory during harvest operations. C1 [Hofmeyer, Philip V.] Morrisville State Coll, Sch Agr & Nat Resources, Morrisville, NY 13408 USA. [Kenefic, Laura S.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Bradley, ME 04411 USA. [Seymour, Robert S.] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Hofmeyer, PV (reprint author), Morrisville State Coll, Sch Agr & Nat Resources, Morrisville, NY 13408 USA. EM hofmeypv@morrisville.edu RI Kenefic, Laura/H-3177-2014 FU University of Maine's Cooperative Forestry Research Unit, Maibec Industries, Inc.; University of Maine, School of Forest Resources FX Philip V. Hofmeyer (hofmcypv@morrisville.edu), School of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Morrisville State College, Morrisville, NY 13408. Laura S. Kenefic, US Forest Service Northern Research Station, Bradley, ME 04411. Robert S. Seymour, School of Forest Resources, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469. Funding for this study was provided by the University of Maine's Cooperative Forestry Research Unit, Maibec Industries, Inc., and the University of Maine, School of Forest Resources. Three anonymous reviewers provided insightful comments to focus and clarify this report. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 15 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0742-6348 J9 NORTH J APPL FOR JI North. J. Appl. For. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 27 IS 3 BP 92 EP 96 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 642RN UT WOS:000281234600002 ER PT J AU Piatek, KB Munasinghe, P Peterjohn, WT Adams, MB Cumming, JR AF Piatek, Kathryn B. Munasinghe, Prinith Peterjohn, William T. Adams, Mary Beth Cumming, Jonathan R. TI A Decrease in Oak Litter Mass Changes Nutrient Dynamics in the Litter Layer of a Central Hardwood Forest SO NORTHERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE central hardwoods; litter; oak decline; nutrient cycling ID LEAF-LITTER; NITROGEN SATURATION; PHOSPHORUS DYNAMICS; APPALACHIAN FOREST; COMMON GARDEN; WEST-VIRGINIA; DECOMPOSITION; ECOSYSTEMS; ACIDIFICATION; LIMITATION AB The abundance of oak is declining in the central hardwood forest, resulting in structural and functional changes in the litter layer. We hypothesized that a decline in oak litter mass associated with a lower oak component will result in an increase in nutrient cycling rates in the litter layer. To test this hypothesis, we compared mass loss and C, N, P, and Ca dynamics in pure oak litter and in litter made of 48% oak plus 52% five other deciduous species in a central hardwood forest in West Virginia. In 12 months of litter decomposition, pure oak litter decomposed more slowly, retained more C and N, immobilized more and subsequently did not release P, and released less Ca than litter consisting of 48% oak plus five other species. Annual stand-level nutrient fluxes in pure oak and in 48% oak plus five other species litter were correspondingly +4.1 and -4.4 kg ha(-1) N, +0.22 and -0.17 kg ha(-1) P, and -9.3 and -16.7 kg ha(-1) Ca. These results indicate that a decline in oak will cause more rapid nutrient cycling in the litter layer of affected central hardwood stands. C1 [Piatek, Kathryn B.; Munasinghe, Prinith] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Peterjohn, William T.; Cumming, Jonathan R.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Adams, Mary Beth] US Forest Serv, Timber & Watershed Lab, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. RP Piatek, KB (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM kbpiatek@gmail.com FU USDA McIntire-Stennis FX Kathryn B. Piatek (kbpiatek@gmailcom) and Prinith Munasinghe, Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 William T. Peterjohn, and Jonathan R. Cumming, Department of Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506 Mary Beth Adams, US Forest Service, Timber and Watershed Laboratory. Parsons, WV 26287. This study was made possible by a grant from the USDA McIntire-Stennis Program. We thank four anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on an earlier and the current version of this report. NR 47 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 10 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0742-6348 J9 NORTH J APPL FOR JI North. J. Appl. For. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 27 IS 3 BP 97 EP 104 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 642RN UT WOS:000281234600003 ER PT J AU Smith, WP Coblenitz, BE AF Smith, Winston P. Coblenitz, Bruce E. TI Cattle or Sheep Reduce Fawning Habitat Available to Columbian White-tailed Deer in Western Oregon SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MULE DEER; HOME-RANGE; ASSOCIATIONS; DIETS; RIVER; ELK AB We studied responses of Columbian white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus leucurus) to cattle and sheep in western Oregon because of viability concerns. We used radio-telemetry, observations from horseback, and searches with a trained dog to determine fawning habitat, dam home ranges, and habitat use by fawns. Dams (n = 12) shifted ((x) over bar = 366 m, P < 0.05) their center of activity by establishing disjunct areas of use prior to fawning. Ten dams exhibited their largest Euclidian movement during May July; 7 females undertook extended (<(x)over bar> = 1445 m) forays during spring. Three natal sites averaged 1926 m from the center of the dam's annual home-range. Dams avoided (P < 0.05) areas with livestock during fawning; 3 fawns were encountered during 243 h of searching (1 fawn/91.4 h) in areas with livestock stocking levels of >= 2.5 animal use month/ha (AUM), whereas 39 fawns were encountered during 275 h of searching (1 fawn/7.1 h) in areas with <2.5 AUM of livestock use. Natal areas (n = 52) were in denser luxuriant vegetation, typically along a permanent stream with greater obstruction to vision. Areas with cattle (Bos taurus) or sheep (Ovis aries) had lower percent vegetative cover, less diverse herbaceous vegetation, and less concealment cover. Establishing separate home ranges during the fawning season apparently was a response to the presence of livestock or effects of grazing, which reduced the vertical vegetation profile and concealment cover. Dams likely increase fawn survival by selecting sites with nutritious, palatable forage, denser vegetation, and moderate microclimates during parturition and lactation. C1 [Smith, Winston P.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry & Range Sci Lab, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. [Coblenitz, Bruce E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Smith, WP (reprint author), Forestry Sci Lab, 3625 93rd Ave SW, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM winstonsmith@fs.fed.us NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 11 PU WASHINGTON STATE UNIV PI PULLMAN PA PO BOX 645020, PULLMAN, WA 99164-5910 USA SN 0029-344X J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD FAL PY 2010 VL 84 IS 4 BP 315 EP 326 DI 10.3955/046.084.0401 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 701ET UT WOS:000285797800001 ER PT J AU Biesalski, HK Grune, T Tinz, J Zollner, I Blumberg, JB AF Biesalski, Hans K. Grune, Tilman Tinz, Jana Zoellner, Iris Blumberg, Jeffrey B. TI Reexamination of a Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Antioxidant Supplementation on Mortality and Health in Randomized Trials SO NUTRIENTS LA English DT Article DE antioxidants; supplementation; mortality; benefit/risk; meta-analysis ID VITAMIN-E SUPPLEMENTATION; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; TRACE-ELEMENT SUPPLEMENTATION; BETA-CAROTENE SUPPLEMENTATION; NUTRITION INTERVENTION TRIALS; LONG-TERM SUPPLEMENTATION; HIGH-DOSE SUPPLEMENTATION; NURSING-HOME RESIDENTS AB A recent meta-analysis of selected randomized clinical trials (RCTs), in which population groups of differing ages and health status were supplemented with various doses of beta-carotene, vitamin A, and/or vitamin E, found that these interventions increased all-cause mortality. However, this meta-analysis did not consider the rationale of the constituent RCTs for antioxidant supplementation, none of which included mortality as a primary outcome. As the rationale for these trials was to test the hypothesis of a potential benefit of antioxidant supplementation, an alternative approach to a systematic evaluation of these RCTs would be to evaluate this outcome relative to the putative risk of greater total mortality. Thus, we examined these data based on the primary outcome of the 66 RCTs included in the meta-analysis via a decision analysis to identify whether the results provided a positive (i.e., benefit), null or negative (i.e., harm) outcome. Our evaluation indicated that of these RCTs, 24 had a positive outcome, 39 had a null outcome, and 3 had a negative outcome. We further categorized these interventions as primary (risk reduction in healthy populations) or secondary (slowing pathogenesis or preventing recurrent events and/or cause-specific mortality) prevention or therapeutic (treatment to improve quality of life, limit complications, and/or provide rehabilitation) studies, and determined positive outcomes in 8 of 20 primary prevention studies, 10 of 34 secondary prevention studies, and 6 out of 16 therapeutic studies. Seven of the eight RCTs with a positive outcome in primary prevention included participants in a population where malnutrition is frequently described. These results suggest that analyses of potential risks from antioxidant supplementation should be placed in the context of a benefit/risk ratio. C1 [Biesalski, Hans K.; Tinz, Jana] Univ Hohenheim, Dept Biol Chem & Nutr Sci, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany. [Grune, Tilman] Univ Jena, Dept Nutr Toxicol, D-07743 Jena, Germany. [Zoellner, Iris] Baden Wuerttemberg State Hlth Off, Dept Epidemiol, D-70191 Stuttgart, Germany. [Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Biesalski, HK (reprint author), Univ Hohenheim, Dept Biol Chem & Nutr Sci, Garbenstr 28, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany. EM biesal@uni-hohenheim.de; tilman.grune@uni-jena.de; jana.tinz@uni-hohenheim.de; Iris.Zoellner@rps.bwl.de; jeffrey.blumberg@tufts.edu OI Grune, Tilman/0000-0003-4775-9973 NR 95 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6643 J9 NUTRIENTS JI Nutrients PD SEP PY 2010 VL 2 IS 9 BP 929 EP 949 DI 10.3390/nu2090929 PG 21 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 864JY UT WOS:000298237500001 PM 22254063 ER PT J AU Richardson, AD Williams, M Hollinger, DY Moore, DJP Dail, DB Davidson, EA Scott, NA Evans, RS Hughes, H Lee, JT Rodrigues, C Savage, K AF Richardson, Andrew D. Williams, Mathew Hollinger, David Y. Moore, David J. P. Dail, D. Bryan Davidson, Eric A. Scott, Neal A. Evans, Robert S. Hughes, Holly Lee, John T. Rodrigues, Charles Savage, Kathleen TI Estimating parameters of a forest ecosystem C model with measurements of stocks and fluxes as joint constraints SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Carbon cycle; Data-model fusion; Eddy covariance; Howland Forest; Inverse modeling; Parameter estimation; Uncertainty ID SOIL RESPIRATION MEASUREMENTS; EDDY-COVARIANCE MEASUREMENTS; CARBON-DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; LAND-SURFACE MODEL; DATA ASSIMILATION; CO2 EXCHANGE; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; NONLINEAR INVERSION; BOREAL FOREST AB We conducted an inverse modeling analysis, using a variety of data streams (tower-based eddy covariance measurements of net ecosystem exchange, NEE, of CO2, chamber-based measurements of soil respiration, and ancillary ecological measurements of leaf area index, litterfall, and woody biomass increment) to estimate parameters and initial carbon (C) stocks of a simple forest C-cycle model, DALEC, using Monte Carlo procedures. Our study site is the spruce-dominated Howland Forest AmeriFlux site, in central Maine, USA. Our analysis focuses on: (1) full characterization of data uncertainties, and treatment of these uncertainties in the parameter estimation; (2) evaluation of how combinations of different data streams influence posterior parameter distributions and model uncertainties; and (3) comparison of model performance (in terms of both predicted fluxes and pool dynamics) during a 4-year calibration period (1997-2000) and a 4-year validation period ("forward run", 2001-2004). We find that woody biomass increment, and, to a lesser degree, soil respiration, measurements contribute to marked reductions in uncertainties in parameter estimates and model predictions as these provide orthogonal constraints to the tower NEE measurements. However, none of the data are effective at constraining fine root or soil C pool dynamics, suggesting that these should be targets for future measurement efforts. A key finding is that adding additional constraints not only reduces uncertainties (i.e., narrower confidence intervals) on model predictions, but at the same time also results in improved model predictions by greatly reducing bias associated with predictions during the forward run. C1 [Richardson, Andrew D.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Harvard Univ Herbaria, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Williams, Mathew] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, Midlothian, Scotland. [Hollinger, David Y.; Evans, Robert S.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Moore, David J. P.] Kings Coll London, Environm Monitoring & Modelling Res Grp, Dept Geog, London WC2R 2LS, England. [Dail, D. Bryan; Lee, John T.; Rodrigues, Charles] Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Davidson, Eric A.; Hughes, Holly; Savage, Kathleen] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA. [Scott, Neal A.] Queens Univ, Dept Geog, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. RP Richardson, AD (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Harvard Univ Herbaria, 22 Divin Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM arichardson@oeb.harvard.edu RI Richardson, Andrew/F-5691-2011; Hollinger, David/G-7185-2012; Moore, David/A-6268-2013; Davidson, Eric/K-4984-2013; Williams, Mathew/G-6140-2016 OI Richardson, Andrew/0000-0002-0148-6714; Davidson, Eric/0000-0002-8525-8697; Williams, Mathew/0000-0001-6117-5208 FU Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy [DE-AI02-07ER64355] FX Research at the Howland Forest was supported by the Office of Science (BER), US Department of Energy, through the Terrestrial Carbon Program under Interagency Agreement No. DE-AI02-07ER64355 and through the Northeastern Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research. The Howland CO2 flux, climate, and ancillary ecological datasets are available at http://public.ornl.gov/ameriflux/Data/index.cfm subject to AmeriFlux "Fair-use'' policies. NR 66 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 3 U2 62 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 EI 1432-1939 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD SEP PY 2010 VL 164 IS 1 BP 25 EP 40 DI 10.1007/s00442-010-1628-y PG 16 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 639GV UT WOS:000280962200003 PM 20390301 ER PT J AU Swope, SM Parker, IM AF Swope, Sarah M. Parker, Ingrid M. TI Widespread seed limitation affects plant density but not population trajectory in the invasive plant Centaurea solstitialis SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Biocontrol; Density dependent; Invasive; Seed predation; Yellow starthistle ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; FEEDING INSECTS; CINNABAR MOTH; RECRUITMENT; HERBIVORES; PREDATION; DYNAMICS; FIELD; DEMOGRAPHY; ASTERACEAE AB In some plant populations, the availability of seeds strongly regulates recruitment. However, a scarcity of germination microsites, granivory or density-dependent mortality can reduce the number of plants that germinate or survive to flower. The relative strengths of these controls are unknown for most plant populations and for exotic invaders in particular. We conducted a seed addition experiment with a granivore exclusion treatment in a field setting to explore how these factors interact to regulate populations of the widespread invader Centaurea solstitialis (yellow starthistle) at three study sites across the plant's range in California. We coupled the experimental approach with observational studies within established C. solstitialis populations to estimate seed rain, recruitment and mortality at natural densities. Seed limitation occurred in both experimental and observational plots in all populations. Although vertebrate granivores were active at each site, they had no effect on C. solstitialis recruitment. Density increased mortality, but the effect was variable and weak relative to its effect on fecundity. The seed limitation that was evident at the seedling stage persisted to flowering. Seed-limited populations such as these ought to be highly sensitive to losses to seed predators, and many biological control agents, including those established for C. solstitialis, are seed predators. However, flowering plant density was decoupled from seed production by a strong compensatory response in the surviving plants; seed production was nearly constant in plots across all seed addition levels. Thus, flowering plant density is reduced by the established biocontrol agents, but seed production compensates to replace the population every generation, and no long-term decline is predicted. C1 [Swope, Sarah M.; Parker, Ingrid M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Swope, Sarah M.] ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, USDA, WRRC PWA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Swope, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM swope@biology.ucsc.edu FU Ray Carruthers; USDA's Exotic and Invasive Weeds Research Unit; NSF [DEB-0808337]; Jean Langenheim Fellowship FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of Ray Carruthers and the USDA's Exotic and Invasive Weeds Research Unit. SMS acknowledges the generous support of the Jean Langenheim Fellowship in Plant Ecology and Evolution and an NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant (DEB-0808337). Carla D'Antonio, Dan Doak, Laurel Fox and two (very thoughtful) anonymous reviewers provided feedback that improved an earlier version of this manuscript, as did Krikor Andonian, Adelia Barber and Kris Hulvey. NR 46 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 6 U2 45 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD SEP PY 2010 VL 164 IS 1 BP 117 EP 128 DI 10.1007/s00442-010-1641-1 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 639GV UT WOS:000280962200011 PM 20443027 ER PT J AU Garcia-Bocanegra, I Simon-Grife, M Dubey, JP Casal, J Martin, GE Cabezon, O Perea, A Almeria, S AF Garcia-Bocanegra, Ignacio Simon-Grife, Meritxell Dubey, Jitender P. Casal, Jordi Martin, Gerard E. Cabezon, Oscar Perea, Anselmo Almeria, Sonia TI Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii in domestic pigs from Spain SO PARASITOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; Domestic pigs; Seroprevalence; Risk factors; MAT; Spain ID CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY; SEROLOGIC TESTS; ORYCTOLAGUS-CUNICULUS; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; SWINE FARMS; INFECTION; OOCYSTS; TRANSMISSION; SOWS; PREVALENCE AB Serum samples from 2970 (1400 sows, 1570 fattening) pigs, from 100 farms in the 10 main swine production regions in Spain were tested for antibodies against T. gondii by the modified agglutination test (MAT). Antibodies to T. gondii (MAT 1:25 or higher) were detected in 492 pigs (16.6%, 9.7% in fattening pigs and 24.2% in sows). The herd prevalence was 85.0% (95% CI: 78-92) and within-farm prevalence ranged from 2.9% to 92.8% (median = 17.6%). Statistically significant differences were observed among sampling regions with seroprevalence significantly higher in pigs from Valencia Community (27.3%), Extremadura (23.3%) and Catalonia (21.2%). A generalized estimating equations model indicated that the risk factors associated with T. gondii seroprevalence were: age, sows compared to fattening pigs (OR = 2.9; 95% CI = 1.83-4.53), lack of rodent control (OR = 1.9; 95% CI = 1.04-3.60) and presence of cats (OR = 1.6; 95% CI = 1.12-2.34). The seroprevalence observed in the present study indicates a widespread, although variable, exposure to T. gondii among domestic pigs in Spain, which might have important implications for public health. Management measures including control of rodents and cats on the farms could help to reduce the observed prevalence levels in Spain. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Simon-Grife, Meritxell; Casal, Jordi; Martin, Gerard E.; Cabezon, Oscar; Almeria, Sonia] UAB IRTA, CReSA, Barcelona 08193, Spain. [Garcia-Bocanegra, Ignacio; Casal, Jordi; Perea, Anselmo; Almeria, Sonia] UCO, Dept Sanidad Anim, Fac Vet, Cordoba 14071, Spain. [Dubey, Jitender P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Cabezon, Oscar] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Serv Ecopatol Fauna Salvatge SEFaS, Dept Med & Cirurgia Anim, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. RP Almeria, S (reprint author), UAB IRTA, CReSA, Campus Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain. EM Sonia.Almeria@uab.cat RI Cabezon, Oscar/L-3812-2014; Almeria, Sonia/N-4663-2014; Casal, Jordi/F-3020-2016 OI Cabezon, Oscar/0000-0001-7543-8371; Almeria, Sonia/0000-0002-0558-5488; Casal, Jordi/0000-0002-6909-9366 FU CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010 PORCIVIR FX This study was supported by project CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010 PORCIVIR. We would like to thank the participating farmers in the present study. NR 44 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 1383-5769 J9 PARASITOL INT JI Parasitol. Int. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 59 IS 3 BP 421 EP 426 DI 10.1016/j.parint.2010.06.001 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 645MC UT WOS:000281461500018 PM 20601110 ER PT J AU Bai, H Gelman, DB Palli, SR AF Bai, Hua Gelman, Dale B. Palli, Subba R. TI Mode of action of methoprene in affecting female reproduction in the African malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ecdysone; juvenile hormone; gene expression; vitellogenesis; Anophelese gambiae ID RED FLOUR BEETLE; HORMONE RECEPTOR SUPERFAMILY; AEDES-AEGYPTI DIPTERA; JUVENILE-HORMONE; TOBACCO HORNWORM; MANDUCA-SEXTA; ECDYSTEROID RECEPTOR; TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM; DEVELOPMENTAL EXPRESSION; ECDYSONE RECEPTOR AB BACKGROUND: One of the most studied actions of juvenile hormone (JH) is its ability to modulate ecdysteroid signaling during insect development and metamorphosis. Previous studies in mosquitoes showed that 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) regulates vitellogenin synthesis. However, the action of JH and its mimics, e.g. methoprene, on female reproduction of mosquitoes remains unknown. RESULTS: Here, a major malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae Giles, was used as a model insect to study the action of methoprene on female reproduction. Ecdysteroid titers and expression profiles of ecdysone-regulated genes were determined before and after a blood meal. An ecdysteroid peak was detected at 12 h post blood meal (PBM). The maximum expression of ecdysone-regulated genes, such as ecdysone receptor (EcR), hormone receptor 3 (HR3) and vitellogenin (Vg) gene, coincided with the ecdysteroid peak. Interestingly, topical application of methoprene at 6 h PBM delayed ovarian development and egg maturation by suppressing the expression of ecdysone-regulated genes in female mosquitoes. CONCLUSION: The data suggest that ecdysteroid titers are correlated with Vg synthesis, and methoprene affects vitellogenesis by modulating ecdysteroid action in A. gambiae. (C) 2010 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Bai, Hua; Palli, Subba R.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Gelman, Dale B.] ARS, USDA, BARC W, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Palli, SR (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, S-225 Agr Sci Bldg N, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM rpalli@uky.edu RI Bai, Hua/A-6665-2012 OI Bai, Hua/0000-0003-2221-7545 FU National Institutes of Health [GM070559-05] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (GM070559-05). The authors thank Dr Stephen Dobson for help with mosquito rearing and MR4 for providing Anopheles gambiae G3 strain. This is contribution number 10-08-045 from the Kentucky Agricultural Experimental Station. NR 38 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 14 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 66 IS 9 BP 936 EP 943 DI 10.1002/ps.1962 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 644II UT WOS:000281368100002 PM 20730984 ER PT J AU Peterson, CJ AF Peterson, Chris J. TI Effect of vegetation on the longevity, mobility and activity of fipronil applied at the termiticidal rate in laboratory soil columns SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE fipronil; soil mobility; longevity; termiticide ID RETICULITERMES-FLAVIPES ISOPTERA; DEGRADATION; RHINOTERMITIDAE; PERSISTENCE; ATRAZINE; FIELD AB BACKGROUND: Termiticides are applied at concentrations much higher than those used in agricultural settings. The longevity of fipronil has not yet been examined at the rates used for termite control, nor has the compound's movement in the soil been addressed. RESULTS: Fipronil was detected in the eluates of treated soil cones, increasing initially and then decreasing to a steady concentration of about 1 mu g mL(-1). In larger PVC pipe plots, fipronil in the top treated soil depth (0-7.5 cm) dissipated more rapidly (half-life of 11-13 months) than in treated soil at the next treated depth (7.5-15 cm; half-life of 20-29 months). The presence of vegetation had no significant effect on the mobility, longevity or movement into untreated depths. Treated soil remained toxic to termites throughout the duration of the study. Fipronil moved into the 15-22.5 cm soil depth in sufficient concentration to cause 100% mortality to eastern subterranean termites in 3 day bioassays. CONCLUSION: Fipronil remains in treated soil at levels toxic to termites for at least 30 months. Movement of the active ingredient was observed in sufficient amounts to kill termites in non-treated soil directly below the treated soil. Published 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 USDA Forest Serv, Insects Dis & Invas Plants Res Unit, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. RP Peterson, CJ (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Insects Dis & Invas Plants Res Unit, 201 Lincoln Green, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. EM cjpeterson@fs.fed.us NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 66 IS 9 BP 944 EP 948 DI 10.1002/ps.1964 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 644II UT WOS:000281368100003 PM 20730985 ER PT J AU Manter, DK Kolodny, EH Hansen, EM Parke, JL AF Manter, D. K. Kolodny, E. H. Hansen, E. M. Parke, J. L. TI Virulence, sporulation, and elicitin production in three clonal lineages of Phytophthora ramorum SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sudden oak death; Plant disease; Rhododendron; qPCR; ELISA ID SUDDEN OAK DEATH; IN-VITRO; TOBACCO; RESISTANCE; PATHOGENESIS; PARASITICA; INFESTANS; TOXICITY; CACTORUM; STEROLS AB Phytophthora ramorum populations are clonal and consist of three lineages. Recent studies have shown that the clonal lineages may have varying degrees of aggressiveness on some host species, such as Quercus rubra. In this study, we examined virulence, sporulation and elicitin production of five P. ramorum isolates from each of the three clonal lineages. Virulence (lesion size) and sporulation (sporangia production) were determined on wound-inoculated detached leaves of Rhododendron catawbiense 'Nova Zembla'. Lesion area differed between the clonal lineages (p < 0.001) with the EU1 and NA2 isolates producing significantly greater lesion areas than did NA1 isolates on inoculated leaves (approx. 4.2, 3.6, and 0.8 cm(2) respectively). Similarly, lineages EU1 and NA2 produced significantly more sporangia per leaf (p < 0.001) than did lineage NA1 (approx. 800, 1000, and 300 sporangia per leaf respectively). Real-time PCR assays detected expression of the class I elicitins (ram-alpha 1 and ram-alpha 2) in all 15 isolates. Of the two elicitins, only the ram-alpha 2 differed between lineage (p < 0.0001) with nearly 2-fold higher levels of expression in the EU1 and NA2 lineages as compared to the NA1 lineage. Ram-alpha 2 expression showed a positive linear relationship with isolate virulence or lesion size (R(2) = 0.707). A significant, positive, linear relationship was also observed between ram-alpha 2 expression and sporulation although it was not as strong (R(2) = 0.209). In summary, isolates belonging to clonal lineages EU1 and NA2 are generally more virulent, produce more sporangia, and produce more ram-alpha 2 elicitin in vitro than isolates belonging to lineage NA1. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Manter, D. K.; Kolodny, E. H.] ARS, USDA, Soil Plant Nutrient Res, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Parke, J. L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Manter, DK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soil Plant Nutrient Res, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 100, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM daniel.manter@ars.usda.gov RI Parke, Jennifer/H-8464-2014 NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0885-5765 J9 PHYSIOL MOL PLANT P JI Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 74 IS 5-6 BP 317 EP 322 DI 10.1016/j.pmpp.2010.04.008 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 647VK UT WOS:000281647600006 ER PT J AU Xia, N Zhang, G Sun, YF Zhu, L Xu, LS Chen, XM Liu, B Yu, YT Wang, XJ Huang, LL Kang, ZS AF Xia, Ning Zhang, Gang Sun, Yan-Fei Zhu, Lin Xu, Liang-Sheng Chen, Xian-Ming Liu, Bo Yu, Yong-Ting Wang, Xiao-Jie Huang, Li-Li Kang, Zhen-Sheng TI TaNAC8, a novel NAC transcription factor gene in wheat, responds to stripe rust pathogen infection and abiotic stresses SO PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Defense response; NAC domain; Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici; Stripe rust; Wheat ID F-SP TRITICI; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; POSITIVE REGULATOR; ABSCISIC-ACID; PLANT DEFENSE; ARABIDOPSIS; EXPRESSION; FAMILY AB The plant-specific NAC domain proteins have been shown previously to play important roles in both abiotic and biotic stresses or in diverse developmental processes. In this research, the full-length cDNA sequence of a novel NAC (for (N) under bar AM, (A) under bar TAF1/2, (C) under bar UC2) transcription factor gene, designated as TaNAC8, was isolated from wheat (Triticum aestivum) using in silico cloning, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and 3' rapid amplification of cDNA ends PCR methods. TaNAC8 was highly homologous to the rice OsNAC8 gene and predicted to encode a protein of 481 amino acids. The encoded TaNAC8 protein contained a NAC domain in the N-terminus and a transmembrane helices motif in the C-terminus. Using the yeast one-hybrid assay, we detected that the C-terminal region of the TaNAC8 protein had transcriptional activity. TaNAC8 was expressed strongly in the developing wheat seeds, but weakly in stems and flowers. The expression of TaNAC8 in leaves was induced by the infection of the stripe rust pathogen (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) in the incompatible interaction at 24 h post inoculation, and also by treatments with methyl jasmonate and ethylene. However, salicylic acid and abscisic acid had no any significant effect on the gene expression. Several environmental stimuli, including high salinity, PEG (polyethylene glycol) treatment, and low-temperature, also enhanced the TaNAC8 expression. These results suggest that the novel TaNAC8 protein functions as a transcriptional activator involved in wheat defense responses to abiotic and biotic stresses. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Xia, Ning; Zhang, Gang; Sun, Yan-Fei; Zhu, Lin; Liu, Bo; Yu, Yong-Ting; Wang, Xiao-Jie; Huang, Li-Li; Kang, Zhen-Sheng] NW A& F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Xia, Ning; Zhang, Gang; Sun, Yan-Fei; Zhu, Lin; Liu, Bo; Yu, Yong-Ting; Wang, Xiao-Jie; Huang, Li-Li; Kang, Zhen-Sheng] NW A& F Univ, Shaanxi Key Lab Mol Biol Agr, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Xu, Liang-Sheng] NW A& F Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Chen, Xian-Ming] ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xian-Ming] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Kang, ZS (reprint author), NW A& F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM kangzs@nwsuaf.edu.cn RI Zhao, jing/B-7349-2008; OI Wang, Xiaojie/0000-0001-9968-0373 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30930064, 30800712]; National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) [2006AA10A104]; Earmarked fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System; Ministry of Education of China [B07049] FX This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30930064 and No. 30800712), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program, No. 2006AA10A104), the earmarked fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System, and the 111 Project from the Ministry of Education of China (B07049). NR 58 TC 33 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 26 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0885-5765 J9 PHYSIOL MOL PLANT P JI Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 74 IS 5-6 BP 394 EP 402 DI 10.1016/j.pmpp.2010.06.005 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 647VK UT WOS:000281647600015 ER PT J AU Domingue, MJ Kramer, M Feldlaufer, MF AF Domingue, Michael J. Kramer, Matthew Feldlaufer, Mark F. TI Sexual dimorphism of arrestment and gregariousness in the bed bug (Cimex lectularius) in response to cuticular extracts from nymphal exuviae SO PHYSIOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arrestment; cuticular hydrocarbons; gregariousness; primer pheromone; releaser pheromone ID TRIATOMA-INFESTANS; ALARM PHEROMONE; AGGREGATION; IDENTIFICATION; ARTHROPODS; CIMICIDAE; COMPONENT; BEHAVIOR; PRIMER AB Releaser pheromones have direct behavioural effects to arrest, attract or disperse insects, whereas interactions within groups of social insects are often influenced by primer pheromones. The behaviour of insects displaying intermediate levels of sociality is largely unexplored in this context. In the present study, both the gregariousness and arrestment (settling near the odour source) of bed bugs Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) in response to conspecific exuvial extracts are described. Adult males are arrested on filter papers with extracts derived from exuviae of fifth-instar nymphs. Adult females and nymphs display no significant evidence for such behaviour. Adults of both sexes show no preference for extracts of male versus female fifth-instar exuviae. Arrestment of adult males does not occur on papers treated with fourth-instar exuvial extracts. Because the insects are assayed behaviourally in groups, an index is calculated describing how far bugs are away from being located independently of one another, as a measure of gregariousness. Adult males have lower values for this index (i.e. locations are closer to independence). Adult females, nymph cohorts and mixed age groups all have higher values for this index, which tend to increase over time. Females exhibit a clear increasing dose-dependent relationship for this index. It is concluded that the extracts of fifth-instar nymphal exuvia arrest males on refuges that possess the odour source. However, gregariousness is induced in females, without evidence of a tendency to assemble near the odour source. C1 [Domingue, Michael J.; Feldlaufer, Mark F.] Inst Plant Sci, USDA, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Kramer, Matthew] ARS, USDA, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Domingue, MJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Chem Ecol Lab 119, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM mjd29@psu.edu RI Domingue, Michael/G-1361-2011 NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0307-6962 J9 PHYSIOL ENTOMOL JI Physiol. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 35 IS 3 BP 203 EP 213 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3032.2010.00738.x PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 639UC UT WOS:000280999000001 ER PT J AU Kirby, J Nishimoto, M Park, JG Withers, ST Nowroozi, F Behrendt, D Rutledge, EJG Fortman, JL Johnson, HE Anderson, JV Keasling, JD AF Kirby, James Nishimoto, Minobu Park, J. Genevieve Withers, Sydnor T. Nowroozi, Farnaz Behrendt, Dominik Rutledge, Elizabeth J. Garcia Fortman, Jeffrey L. Johnson, Holly E. Anderson, James V. Keasling, Jay D. TI Cloning of casbene and neocembrene synthases from Euphorbiaceae plants and expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Ricinus communis; Sapium sebiferum; Euphorbia esula; Euphorbia resinifera; Homalanthus nutans; Euphorbiaceae; Metabolic engineering; Isoprenoid; Yeast; Phorbol; Ingenol ID LATENT HIV-1 EXPRESSION; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; FARNESYL DIPHOSPHATE; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY; MEVALONATE KINASE; PHORBOL ESTERS; YEAST; BIOSYNTHESIS; PROSTRATIN; ACTIVATION AB A large number of diterpenes have been isolated from Euphorbiaceae plants, many of which are of interest due to toxicity or potential therapeutic activity. Specific Euphorbiaceae diterpenes of medical interest include the latent HIV-1 activator prostratin (and related 12-deoxyphorbol esters), the analgesic resiniferatoxin, and the anticancer drug candidate ingenol 3-angelate. In spite of the large number of diterpenes isolated from these plants and the similarity of their core structures, there is little known about their biosynthetic pathways. Other than the enzymes involved in gibberellin biosynthesis, the only diterpene synthase isolated to date from the Euphorbiaceae has been casbene synthase, responsible for biosynthesis of a macrocyclic diterpene in the castor bean (Ricinus communis). Here, we have selected five Euphorbiaceae species in which to investigate terpene biosynthesis and report on the distribution of diterpene synthases within this family. We have discovered genes encoding putative casbene synthases in all of our selected Euphorbiaceae species and have demonstrated high-level casbene production through expression of four of these genes in a metabolically engineered strain of Saccharomyces cerevisine. The only other diterpene synthase found among the five plants was a neocembrene synthase from R. communis (this being the first report of a neocembrene synthase gene). Based on the prevalence of casbene synthases, the lack of other candidates, and the structure of the casbene skeleton, we consider it likely that casbene is the precursor to a large number of Euphorbiaceae diterpenes. Casbene production levels of 31 mg/L were achieved in S. cerevisiae and we discuss strategies to further increase production by maximizing flux through the mevalonate pathway. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif, Joint BioEnergy Inst, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Kirby, James; Nishimoto, Minobu; Park, J. Genevieve; Withers, Sydnor T.; Nowroozi, Farnaz; Behrendt, Dominik; Rutledge, Elizabeth J. Garcia; Fortman, Jeffrey L.; Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Calif Inst Quantitat Biosci QB3, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Johnson, Holly E.] Inst EthnoMed, Jackson, WY 83001 USA. [Anderson, James V.] ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Chem Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Keasling, Jay D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Phys Biosci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Keasling, JD (reprint author), Univ Calif, Joint BioEnergy Inst, 5885 Hollis St,4th Floor, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. EM keasling@berkeley.edu RI Keasling, Jay/J-9162-2012; OI Keasling, Jay/0000-0003-4170-6088; Anderson, James/0000-0002-1801-5767 NR 47 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 41 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PD SEP PY 2010 VL 71 IS 13 BP 1466 EP 1473 DI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.06.001 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 639OD UT WOS:000280983200004 PM 20594566 ER PT J AU Cool, LG Vermillion, KE Takeoka, GR Wong, RY AF Cool, Laurence G. Vermillion, Karl E. Takeoka, Gary R. Wong, Rosalind Y. TI Irregular sesquiterpenoids from Ligusticum grayi roots SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Ligusticum grayi; Apiaceae; Gray's lovage; Root; Sesquiterpenoids; Thapsane; Epithapsane; Prethapsane; Isothapsane; Preisothapsane; Ligustigrane; Isoligustigrane; Allothapsane; Isoprethapsane; Oshalagrane ID NEW-ZEALAND APIACEAE; ANISOTOME-FLEXUOSA; MEUM-ATHAMANTICUM; THAPSIA-VILLOSA; DITERPENES; THAPSANES; OIL AB Root oil of Ligusticum grayi (Apiaceae) contains numerous irregular sesquiterpenoids. In addition to the known acyclic sesquilavandulol and a sesquilavandulyl aldehyde, two thapsanes, one epithapsane, and 14 sesquiterpenoids representing eight hitherto unknown carbon skeletons were found. These skeletons are: prethapsane, i.e. 1,1,2,3a,7,7-hexamethyloctahydro-1H-indene; isothapsane, i.e. 1,2,3a,6,7,7a-hexamethyloctahydro-1H-indene; ligustigrane, i.e. 1,1,2,7,7,7a-hexamethyloctahydro-1H-indene; isoligustigrane, i.e. 1,1,2,6,7,7a-hexamethyloctahydro-1H-indene; preisothapsane, i.e. 1,1,2,3a,6,7-hexamethyloctahydro-1H-indene; isoprethapsane, i.e. 1,1,2,4,7,7-hexamethyloctahydro-1H-indene; allothapsane, i.e. 1,1,2,3a,7,7a-hexamethyloctahydro-1H-indene; and oshalagrane, i.e. 1,1,2,4,6,6-hexamethylspiro[4.4]nonane. The bicyclic sesquiterpenoids are presumably biosynthesized by head-to-head coupling of geranyl diphosphate and dimethylallyl diphosphate, followed by a cyclization sequence leading to a hydroindane skeleton with six one-carbon substituents. Subsequent rearrangements-primarily methyl migrations account for the remarkable variety of structures represented in L grayi root oil. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Cool, Laurence G.; Takeoka, Gary R.; Wong, Rosalind Y.] ARS, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Vermillion, Karl E.] ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Cool, LG (reprint author), 2408 McKinley Ave, Berkeley, CA 94703 USA. EM larry.cool@sbcglobal.net NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PD SEP PY 2010 VL 71 IS 13 BP 1545 EP 1557 DI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.06.003 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 639OD UT WOS:000280983200014 PM 20615518 ER PT J AU Dervis, S Dixon, L Doganlar, M Rossman, A AF Dervis, Sibel Dixon, Linley Doganlar, Mikdat Rossman, Amy TI Gall production on hawthorns caused by Gymnosporangium spp. in Hatay province, Turkey SO PHYTOPARASITICA LA English DT Article DE Crataegus; Gymnosporangium confusum; Gymnosporangium clavariiforme; Overwintering aecia ID RUST FUNGI UREDINALES; GENUS GYMNOSPORANGIUM; RIBOSOMAL DNA; MICROFUNGI; CANADA AB Three hawthorn and related rust diseases caused by Gymnosporangium confusum on Crataegus monogyna, Gymnosporangium clavariiforme on Crataegus orientalis and Gymnosporangium sabinae on Pyrus communis were detected in Hatay province, Turkey. G. confusum was also found causing telial galls on Juniperus communis. G. confusum and G. clavariiforme produced aecial horns on overwintered galls on hawthorn twigs from May to June. The production of galls caused by Gymnosporangium on the secondary host is unusual. Portions of the nuclear ITS and LSU rDNA were sequenced for all three species of Gymnosporangium for use as a species barcode; sequences were deposited in GenBank. Sequence data from G. clavariiforme and G. sabinae matched those in GenBank; however, this is the first study to deposit sequence data from G. confusum to GenBank. The life cycles of G. confusum and G. clavariiforme are discussed along with implications for disease control. C1 [Dervis, Sibel; Doganlar, Mikdat] Univ Mustafa Kemal, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Protect, TR-31034 Antakya, Hatay, Turkey. [Dixon, Linley; Rossman, Amy] ARS, USDA, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dervis, S (reprint author), Univ Mustafa Kemal, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Protect, TR-31034 Antakya, Hatay, Turkey. EM sdervis@mku.edu.tr NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0334-2123 J9 PHYTOPARASITICA JI Phytoparasitica PD SEP PY 2010 VL 38 IS 4 BP 391 EP 400 DI 10.1007/s12600-010-0102-z PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 635UK UT WOS:000280682100009 ER PT J AU Lygin, AV Hill, CB Zernova, OV Crull, L Widholm, JM Hartman, GL Lozovaya, VV AF Lygin, Anatoly V. Hill, Curtis B. Zernova, Olga V. Crull, Laura Widholm, Jack M. Hartman, Glen L. Lozovaya, Vera V. TI Response of Soybean Pathogens to Glyceollin SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE isoflavones; transformation ID F-SP GLYCINEA; FUSARIUM-SOLANI; SCLEROTINIA-SCLEROTIORUM; HAIRY ROOTS; VAR-SOJAE; METABOLISM; ACCUMULATION; INFECTION; PLANTS AB Plants recognize invading pathogens and respond biochemically to prevent invasion or inhibit colonization in plant cells. Enhancing this response in crop plants could improve sustainable methods to manage plant diseases. To enhance disease resistance in soybean, the soybean phytoalexin glyceollin was assessed in soybean hairy roots of two soybean genotypes, Spencer and PI 567374, transformed with either soybean isoflavone synthase (IFS2) or chalcone synthase (CHS6) genes that were inoculated with the soybean pathogens Diaporthe phaseolorum var. meridionales. Macrophomina phaseolina, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and Phytophthora sojae. The hairy-root-transformed lines had several-fold decreased levels of isoflavone daidzein, the precursor of glyceollin, and considerably lower concentrations of glyceollin induced by pathogens measured 5 days after fungal inoculation compared with the nontransformed controls without phenolic transgenes. M. phaseolina, P. some, and S. sclerotiorum grew much more on IFS2- and CHS6-transformed roots than on control roots, although there was no significant difference in growth of D. phaseolorum var. meridionales on the transformed hairy-root lines. In addition, glyceollin concentration was lower in D. phaseolorum var. meridionales-inoculated transformed and control roots than roots inoculated with the other pathogens. Glyceollin inhibited the growth of D. phaseolorum var. meridionales. M. phaseolina. P. sojae. S. sclerotiorum, and three additional soybean pathogens: Cercospora sojina, Phialophora gregata, and Rhizoctonia solani. The most common product of glyceollin conversion or degradation by the pathogens. with the exception of P. sojae, which had no glyceollin degradation products found in the culture medium, was 7-hydroxyglyceollin. C1 [Lygin, Anatoly V.; Hill, Curtis B.; Zernova, Olga V.; Crull, Laura; Widholm, Jack M.; Hartman, Glen L.; Lozovaya, Vera V.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hartman, Glen L.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Lozovaya, VV (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM lozovaya@illinois.edu FU Consortium for Plant Biotechnology Research Inc.; DOE [DE_FG-36-02GO12026]; Monsanto Company; Illinois Council on Food and Agricultural Research; Illinois Soybean Association; United Soybean Board; Illinois Soybean Disease Biotechnology Center; Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station; United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [802-309, 802-352] FX This study was supported, in part, by funds from the Consortium for Plant Biotechnology Research Inc., DOE Prime agreement no. DE_FG-36-02GO12026, The Monsanto Company, the Illinois Council on Food and Agricultural Research, check-off funds from the Illinois Soybean Association, the United Soybean Board, the Illinois Soybean Disease Biotechnology Center, the Illinois Agricultural Experiment Station, and the United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, Hatch projects nos. 802-309 and 802-352. NR 21 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2010 VL 100 IS 9 BP 897 EP 903 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-100-9-0897 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 641FM UT WOS:000281110200008 PM 20701487 ER PT J AU Voss, HH Bowden, RL Leslie, JF Miedaner, T AF Voss, Hans-Henning Bowden, Robert L. Leslie, John F. Miedaner, Thomas TI Variation and Transgression of Aggressiveness Among Two Gibberella zeae Crosses Developed from Highly Aggressive Parental Isolates SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE exoantigen content; genetic variation ID FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; WHEAT SCAB; DEOXYNIVALENOL PRODUCTION; MYCOTOXIN PRODUCTION; FUNGAL COLONIZATION; STRAIN INTERACTIONS; UNITED-STATES; WINTER-WHEAT; GRAMINEARUM; RESISTANCE AB Gibberella zeae (anamorph: Fusarium graminearum) is the most common cause of Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat (Triticum aestivum) worldwide. Aggressiveness is the most important fungal trait affecting disease severity and stability of host resistance. Objectives were to analyze in two field experiments (i) segregation for aggressiveness among 120 progenies from each of two crosses of highly aggressive parents and (ii) stability of FHB resistance of seven moderately to highly resistant winter wheat cultivars against isolates varying for aggressiveness. Aggressiveness was measured as FHB severity per plot, Fusarium exoantigen absorbance, and deoxynivalenol content. In the first experiment, mean FHB ratings were 20 to 49% across environments and progeny. Significant genotypic variation was detected in both crosses (P < 0.01). Isolate environment interaction explained approximately half of the total variance. Two transgressive segregants were found in cross B across environments. Traits were significantly (P < 0.05) intercorrelated. In the second experiment, despite significant (P < 0.05) genotypic variance for cultivar and isolate, no significant (P > 0.05) interaction was observed for any trait. In conclusion, progeny of highly aggressive parents might exhibit increased aggressiveness due to recombination and may, therefore, adapt nonspecifically to increased quantitative host resistance. C1 [Voss, Hans-Henning; Miedaner, Thomas] Univ Hohenheim, State Plant Breeding Inst, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany. [Bowden, Robert L.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 4008, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Leslie, John F.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 4024, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Miedaner, T (reprint author), Univ Hohenheim, State Plant Breeding Inst, Fruwirthstr 21, D-70593 Stuttgart, Germany. EM miedaner@uni-hohenheim.de RI Bowden, Robert/E-3268-2013; OI Bowden, Robert/0000-0001-9419-6574; Miedaner, Thomas/0000-0002-9541-3726 FU Bundesministerium fur Ernahrung, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz (BMELV/BLE), Bonn, Germany; Gemeinschaft zur Forderung der privaten deutschen Pflanzenztichtung e.V. (GFP), Bonn, Germany; United States Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative; Kansas State University FX This study was financially supported by the Bundesministerium fur Ernahrung, Landwirtschaft und Verbraucherschutz (BMELV/BLE), Bonn, Germany, and the Gemeinschaft zur Forderung der privaten deutschen Pflanzenztichtung e.V. (GFP), Bonn, Germany. This work was supported, in part, by the United States Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative, and Kansas State University. It is manuscript no. 09-182-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan. We thank B. Lieberherr and G. Brunsbach (Universita Hohenheim) for their comprehensive technical assistance. NR 48 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD SEP PY 2010 VL 100 IS 9 BP 904 EP 912 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-100-9-0904 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 641FM UT WOS:000281110200009 PM 20701488 ER PT J AU Rath, M Salas, J Parhy, B Norton, R Menakuru, H Sommerhalter, M Hatlstad, G Kwon, J Allan, DL Vance, CP Uhde-Stone, C AF Rath, Mousumi Salas, Jay Parhy, Bandita Norton, Robert Menakuru, Himabindu Sommerhalter, Monika Hatlstad, Greg Kwon, Jaimyoung Allan, Deborah L. Vance, Carroll P. Uhde-Stone, Claudia TI Identification of genes induced in proteoid roots of white lupin under nitrogen and phosphorus deprivation, with functional characterization of a formamidase SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Proteoid roots; Cluster roots; Phosphorus deprivation; Nitrogen deprivation; Formamidase; Formate dehydrogenase; White lupin ID MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; IRON-DEFICIENCY; CLUSTER ROOTS; ALBUS L.; METHYLOPHILUS-METHYLOTROPHUS; ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; ENHANCED EXPRESSION; ALIPHATIC AMIDASE; P-STRESS AB White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) is considered a model system for understanding plant acclimation to nutrient deficiency. It acclimates to phosphorus (P) and iron (Fe) deficiency by the development of short, densely clustered lateral roots called proteoid (or cluster) roots; proteoid-root development is further influenced by nitrogen (N) supply. In an effort to better understand proteoid root function under various nutrient deficiencies, we used nylon filter arrays to analyze 2,102 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from proteoid roots of P-deficient white lupin. These have been previously analyzed for up-regulation in -P proteoid roots, and were here analyzed for up-regulation in proteoid roots of N-deprived plants. We identified a total of 19 genes that displayed up-regulation in proteoid roots under both P and N deprivation. One of these genes showed homology to putative formamidases. The corresponding open reading frame was cloned, overexpressed in E. coli, and the encoded protein was purified; functional characterization of the recombinant protein confirmed formamidase activity. Though many homologues of bacterial and fungal formamidases have been identified in plants, to our knowledge, this is the first report of a functional characterization of a plant formamidase. C1 [Rath, Mousumi; Salas, Jay; Parhy, Bandita; Norton, Robert; Menakuru, Himabindu; Uhde-Stone, Claudia] Calif State Univ Hayward, Dept Biol Sci, Hayward, CA 94542 USA. [Norton, Robert; Kwon, Jaimyoung] Calif State Univ Hayward, Dept Stat, Hayward, CA 94542 USA. [Sommerhalter, Monika] Calif State Univ Hayward, Dept Chem & Biochem, Hayward, CA 94542 USA. [Hatlstad, Greg; Vance, Carroll P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Allan, Deborah L.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Vance, Carroll P.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Uhde-Stone, C (reprint author), Calif State Univ Hayward, Dept Biol Sci, 25800 Carlos Bee Blvd, Hayward, CA 94542 USA. EM Claudia.stone@csueastbay.edu FU National Institutes of Health [SO6 GM48135] FX Funding for this project has been provided by the National Institutes of Health MBRS-Score Grant SO6 GM48135. The authors wish to thank the 2008 Functional Genomics class at California State University East Bay for their help in RT-qPCR confirmation of selected genes, and Chris Baysdorfer (Department of Biological Sciences, CSU East Bay) for critical reading of the manuscript. NR 56 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD SEP PY 2010 VL 334 IS 1-2 BP 137 EP 150 DI 10.1007/s11104-010-0373-7 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 640MM UT WOS:000281055700011 ER PT J AU Choat, B Drayton, WM Brodersen, C Matthews, MA Shackel, KA Wada, H Mcelrone, AJ AF Choat, Brendan Drayton, William M. Brodersen, Craig Matthews, Mark A. Shackel, Ken A. Wada, Hiroshi Mcelrone, Andrew J. TI Measurement of vulnerability to water stress-induced cavitation in grapevine: a comparison of four techniques applied to a long-vesseled species SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Vitis; air injection; centrifuge; dehydration; grapevine; nuclear magnetic resonance imaging; vulnerability curves ID MEASURING XYLEM CAVITATION; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; WOODY-PLANTS; TROPICAL TREE; SUGAR MAPLE; EMBOLISM; DROUGHT; TRANSPORT; PRESSURE; STEMS AB Among woody plants, grapevines are often described as highly vulnerable to water-stress induced cavitation with emboli forming at slight tensions. However, we found native embolism never exceeded 30% despite low xylem water potentials (Psi(x)) for stems of field grown vines. The discrepancy between native embolism measurements and those of previous reports led us to assess vulnerability curve generation using four separate methods and alterations (i.e. segment length and with/without flushing to remove embolism prior to measurement) of each. Centrifuge, dehydration and air-injection methods, which rely on measurement of percentage loss of hydraulic conductivity (PLC) in detached stems, were compared against non-invasive monitoring of xylem cavitation with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging. Short segment air-injection and flushed centrifuge stems reached > 90 PLC at Psi(x) of-0.5 and -1.5 MPa, respectively, whereas dehydration and long-segment air-injection measurements indicated no significant embolism at Psi(x) > -2.0 MPa. Observations from NMR agreed with the dehydration and long segment air-injection methods, showing the majority of vessels were still water-filled at Psi(x) > -1.5 MPa. Our findings show V. vinifera stems are far less vulnerable to water stress-induced cavitation than previously reported, and dehydration and long segment air-injection techniques are more appropriate for long-vesseled species and organs. C1 [Mcelrone, Andrew J.] USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Choat, Brendan] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Plant Sci Div, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Drayton, William M.; Brodersen, Craig; Matthews, Mark A.; Shackel, Ken A.; Wada, Hiroshi] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Mcelrone, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM ajmcelrone@ucdavis.edu RI Choat, Brendan/C-8445-2009; Matthews, Mark/A-5714-2010; Brodersen, Craig/J-1112-2016 OI Brodersen, Craig/0000-0002-0924-2570 FU National Science Foundation [IOS-0818479]; California Department of Food and Agriculture [01-0712]; USDA-ARS [5306-21220-004-00]; U.C. Davis; Ralph and Saralee Kunde; Serenity Vineyards; Wine Spectator and the Albert and Pearl Winkler scholarships FX This work was funded in part by a National Science Foundation award (IOS-0818479), a California Department of Food and Agriculture contract (01-0712), and a USDA-ARS CRIS project (5306-21220-004-00). W. M. D. received financial support from Horticulture and Agronomy block grants through U.C. Davis and from the Ralph and Saralee Kunde, Serenity Vineyards, Wine Spectator and the Albert and Pearl Winkler scholarships. Thanks to P. K. Bostwick, E. M. Kriedler, L. Mercenaro, F. P. Palladino for help with data collection; to M. M. Anderson and Martinez Orchards for providing experimental material; and to G. Gambetta for useful discussions about the data sets. NR 56 TC 85 Z9 89 U1 4 U2 56 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0140-7791 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1502 EP 1512 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02160.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 635NB UT WOS:000280661300006 PM 20444217 ER PT J AU Betzelberger, AM Gillespie, KM Mcgrath, JM Koester, RP Nelson, RL Ainsworth, EA AF Betzelberger, Amy M. Gillespie, Kelly M. Mcgrath, Justin M. Koester, Robert P. Nelson, Randall L. Ainsworth, Elizabeth A. TI Effects of chronic elevated ozone concentration on antioxidant capacity, photosynthesis and seed yield of 10 soybean cultivars SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Glycine max; chlorophyll content; climate change; crop productivity; leaf area index ID CARBON-DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; OPEN-AIR ELEVATION; IN-VIVO ANALYSIS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ASCORBIC-ACID; REDOX STATUS; TOLERANCE; CO2; GROWTH; MECHANISMS AB Crops losses to tropospheric ozone (O(3)) in the United States are estimated to cost $1-3 billion annually. This challenge is expected to increase as O(3) concentrations ([O(3)]) rise over the next half century. This study tested the hypothesis that there is cultivar variation in the antioxidant, photosynthetic and yield response of soybean to growth at elevated [O(3)]. Ten cultivars of soybean were grown at elevated [O(3)] from germination through maturity at the Soybean Free Air Concentration Enrichment facility in 2007 and six were grown in 2008. Photosynthetic gas exchange, leaf area index, chlorophyll content, fluorescence and antioxidant capacity were monitored during the growing seasons in order to determine if changes in these parameters could be used to predict the sensitivity of seed yield to elevated [O(3)]. Doubling background [O(3)] decreased soybean yields by 17%, but the variation in response among cultivars and years ranged from 8 to 37%. Chlorophyll content and photosynthetic parameters were positively correlated with seed yield, while antioxidant capacity was negatively correlated with photosynthesis and seed yield, suggesting a trade-off between antioxidant metabolism and carbon gain. Exposure response curves indicate that there has not been a significant improvement in soybean tolerance to [O(3)] in the past 30 years. C1 [Betzelberger, Amy M.; Mcgrath, Justin M.; Koester, Robert P.; Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Gillespie, Kelly M.; Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.] Univ Illinois, Program Physiol & Mol Plant Biol, Urbana, IL USA. [Nelson, Randall L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL USA. [Nelson, Randall L.] USDA ARS, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Urbana, IL USA. [Ainsworth, Elizabeth A.] USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL USA. RP Ainsworth, EA (reprint author), 1201 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM lisa.ainsworth@ars.usda.gov FU Illinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research; USDA ARS; Archer Daniels Midland Company FX We thank Don Ort, Steve Long, Andrew Leakey, Tim Mies, Jamie Howard, Jesse McGrath, Stacy Alikakos, Jessica Chiang, Tiphaine Feray, Sharon Gray, Sara Kammlade, Cody Markelz, Matt Nantie, Katie Richter, David Rosenthal, Chris Rudisill, Matt Siebers, Reid Strellner and Diana Umali for assistance at SoyFACE. We acknowledge the editor and two anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions for improving the original manuscript. This research and the SoyFACE experimental facility were supported by the Illinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research, USDA ARS and the Archer Daniels Midland Company. NR 62 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 5 U2 64 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0140-7791 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 33 IS 9 BP 1569 EP 1581 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02165.x PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 635NB UT WOS:000280661300011 PM 20444212 ER PT J AU Ma, J Hill, CB Hartman, GL AF Ma, J. Hill, C. B. Hartman, G. L. TI Production of Macrophomina phaseolina Conidia by Multiple Soybean Isolates in Culture SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CHARCOAL ROT; SPORULATION AB Macrophomina phaseolina is the cause of charcoal rot of soybean (Glycine max). Resistance to M. phaseolina in commercial soybean cultivars is not common but is needed in locations where the disease is chronic and severe. The objective of this study was to develop a reliable method to produce sufficient M. phaseolina conidia that can be used to inoculate soybean plants in a high-throughput resistance-screening program. Production of pycnidia is not common on most culture media, such as potato dextrose agar, but can be produced on media containing plant parts or oilseed extracts. Seven semi-defined media were tested to induce pycnidia production. Results indicated that the number of pycnidia that were produced by eight M. phaseolina isolates was dependent on induction medium; however, peanut butter extract-saturated filter paper placed over soynut butter extract agar (PESEA) allowed for greater pycnidia and conidia production than the other media tested. Production of pycnidia on PESEA ranged from 269 to 1,082 per plate. There were no differences among isolates in germination of conidia produced on PESEA, which averaged 83 +/- 2% germination. A conidial suspension from one M. phaseolina isolate produced on PESEA and inoculated onto soybean radicles significantly distinguished (P < 0.01) 'DT97-4290', a soybean genotype with partial resistance to charcoal rot, from a susceptible genotype, 'LS98-0358'. Results of this study indicated that multiple isolates of M. phaseolina from soybean produced sufficient amounts of conidia on PESEA to use as inoculum. This conidia inoculum production method will facilitate soybean charcoal rot resistance screening evaluation with different soybean isolates. C1 [Hartman, G. L.] Univ Illinois, USDA, ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ma, J.; Hill, C. B.; Hartman, G. L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Hartman, GL (reprint author), Univ Illinois, USDA, ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM ghartman@illinois.edu NR 20 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 94 IS 9 BP 1088 EP 1092 DI 10.1094/PDIS-94-9-1088 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 641FN UT WOS:000281110300002 ER PT J AU Lartey, RT Caesar-TonThat, TC Lenssen, AW Eckhoff, J Hanson, SL Evans, RG AF Lartey, R. T. Caesar-TonThat, T. C. Lenssen, A. W. Eckhoff, J. Hanson, S. L. Evans, R. G. TI Direct Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Detection of Cercospora beticola in Field Soils SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID SUGAR-BEET; MODEL AB Cercospora beticola, the causal agent of Cercospora leaf spot of sugar beet, survives as pseudostromata in infected sugar beet residues in the soil. Under optimal conditions, overwintering propagules germinate and produce conidia that are dispersed as primary inoculum to initiate infection in sugar beet. We developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique for rapid detection of C. beticola in field soils. Total DNA was first isolated from soil amended with C. beticola culture using the Power Soil DNA Kit. The purified DNA was subjected to PCR in Extract-N-Amp PCR mix with CBACTIN primers over 35 cycles. The amplified products were resolved and compared by electrophoresis in 1% agarose gels. The PCR fragment size of C. beticola from the amended field soil correlated in size with the amplicon from control C. beticola culture DNA extract. Additionally, sample soils were collected from sugar beet fields near Sidney, MT and Foxholm, ND. Total DNA was extracted from the samples and subjected to PCR and resolved as previously described. The amplicons were purified from the gels and subjected to Big Dye Terminator Cycle sequencing. All sequences from field soils samples, C. beticolaamended field soil, and pure culture were compared by alignment with a C. beticola actin gene sequence from Gen Bank. The result of the alignment confirmed the amplicons as products from C. beticola. Rapid screening for the presence of C. beticola in the soil by PCR will improve research capabilities in biological control, disease forecasting, and management of this very Unportant sugar beet pathogen. C1 [Lartey, R. T.; Caesar-TonThat, T. C.; Lenssen, A. W.; Hanson, S. L.; Evans, R. G.] ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Eckhoff, J.] Montana State Univ, Eastern Ag Res Ctr, Sidney, BC 59270, Canada. RP Lartey, RT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM robert.lartey@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 94 IS 9 BP 1100 EP 1104 DI 10.1094/PDIS-94-9-1100 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 641FN UT WOS:000281110300004 ER PT J AU Seifers, DL Martin, TJ Fellers, JP AF Seifers, Dallas L. Martin, T. J. Fellers, J. P. TI An Experimental Host Range for Triticum mosaic virus SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PLAINS VIRUS; ACERIA TULIPAE; CURL MITE; WHEAT; RESISTANCE; IDENTIFICATION; KANSAS; CORN; VECTOR AB Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV) is a newly discovered virus isolated from wheat (Triticum won). This study was conducted to determine an experimental host ranee for TriMV and identify species that could serve as differential hosts for isolating TriMV from Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV). Plants tested were mechanically inoculated with the 06-123 isolate of TriMV or the Sidney 81 isolate of WSMV. Some plants were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using antibodies of TriMV and WSMV. Plants infected with TriMV always produced mosaic symptoms and only extracts of symptomatic plants reacted with antibodies of TriMV. Maize is not a host for TriMV but barley, oat, rye, and triticale are hosts of TriMV. Certain barley and triticale accessions are hosts for TriMV but not WSMV. These plants can be used in combination with maize to separate WSMV and TriMV in plants infected by both viruses. We also showed that 8 wild grass species were susceptible to TriMV and 25 were not. All of the grasses susceptible to infection with TriMV have been reported as susceptible to infection with WSMV. Because of their growth habits, these plant species would be less desirable for use as differential hosts than maize, barley, and triticale. C1 [Seifers, Dallas L.; Martin, T. J.] Kansas State Univ, Agr Res Ctr Hays, Hays, KS 67601 USA. [Fellers, J. P.] ARS, USDA, HWWGRU, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Seifers, DL (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Agr Res Ctr Hays, Hays, KS 67601 USA. EM dseifers@ksu.edu NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 94 IS 9 BP 1125 EP 1131 DI 10.1094/PDIS-94-9-1125 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 641FN UT WOS:000281110300008 ER PT J AU Kraus, J Cleveland, S Putnam, ML Keller, KE Martin, RR Tzanetakis, IE AF Kraus, Jennifer Cleveland, Stephanie Putnam, Melodie L. Keller, Karen E. Martin, Robert R. Tzanetakis, Ioannis E. TI A New Potyvirus sp Infects Verbena Exhibiting Leaf Mottling Symptoms SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID STRAWBERRY PALLIDOSIS DISEASE; COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; MOSAIC-VIRUS; FAMILY POTYVIRIDAE; PLANT-VIRUSES; COAT PROTEIN; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSMISSION; PHYLOGENY; MEMBER AB Verbena 'Taylortown Red' plants showed virus-like mottling symptoms. Virus purifications disclosed the presence of elongated and spherical particles, evidence of mixed virus infections, whereas double-stranded RNA analysis revealed the presence of several bands absent in healthy plants. After shotgun cloning, three viruses were identified in 'Taylortown Red': Broad bean wilt virus-1, Coleus vein necrosis virus. and a previously undescribed potyvirus. Given the importance of verbena to the ornamental industry, we studied the viruses found in 'Taylortown Red' and, in this article, we present our findings on the new potyvirus, provisionally named Verbena virus Y (VVY). VVY belongs to the Potato virus Y subgroup in the genus Potyvirus, has solanaceous plants, including potato, as alternative. hosts, and can be transmitted by a ubiquitous pest in the ornamental industry, the green peach aphid. C1 [Tzanetakis, Ioannis E.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Tzanetakis, Ioannis E.] Univ Arkansas, Cell & Mol Biol Program, Div Agr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Kraus, Jennifer; Cleveland, Stephanie; Putnam, Melodie L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Keller, Karen E.; Martin, Robert R.] ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Tzanetakis, IE (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM itzaneta@uark.edu RI Tzanetakis, Ioannis/B-9598-2009 FU Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station FX This study is dedicated to the late Dr. Jennifer Kraus, who initiated this project but was unable to complete it due to an incurable illness. The National Floral Research Initiative and start-up funds provided by the Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station to I. E. Tzanetakis funded this work. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 94 IS 9 BP 1132 EP 1136 DI 10.1094/PDIS-94-9-1132 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 641FN UT WOS:000281110300009 ER PT J AU Rayamajhi, MB Pratt, PD Center, TD Wheeler, GS AF Rayamajhi, M. B. Pratt, P. D. Center, T. D. Wheeler, G. S. TI Differential Response by Melaleuca quinquenervia Trees to Attack by the Rust Fungus Puccinia psidii in Florida SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Rayamajhi, M. B.; Pratt, P. D.; Center, T. D.; Wheeler, G. S.] ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA. RP Rayamajhi, MB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 94 IS 9 BP 1165 EP 1165 DI 10.1094/PDIS-94-9-1165B PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 641FN UT WOS:000281110300021 ER PT J AU Gregory, NF Bischoff, JF Dixon, LJ Ciurlino, R AF Gregory, N. F. Bischoff, J. F. Dixon, L. J. Ciurlino, R. TI First Report of the Telial Stage of Japanese Apple Rust on Juniperus chinensis in North America and the Aecial Stage on Malus domestica SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Editorial Material ID GYMNOSPORANGIUM C1 [Gregory, N. F.] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Bischoff, J. F.] USDA APHIS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Dixon, L. J.] ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Ciurlino, R.] Delaware Dept Agr, Dover, DE USA. RP Gregory, NF (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 94 IS 9 BP 1169 EP 1169 DI 10.1094/PDIS-94-9-1169B PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 641FN UT WOS:000281110300031 ER PT J AU Reich, RM Bonham, CD Aguirre-Bravo, C Chazaro-Basaneza, M AF Reich, Robin M. Bonham, Charles D. Aguirre-Bravo, Celedonio Chazaro-Basaneza, Migel TI Patterns of tree species richness in Jalisco, Mexico: relation to topography, climate and forest structure SO PLANT ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tree species richness patterns; Climatic-elevation patterns; Tropical dry forests; Resource boundary ID DIVERSITY; GRADIENT; PRODUCTIVITY; AREAS AB The objective of this study was to identify the major environmental variables and components of forest structure associated with variability in tree species richness on a network of 806 permanent plots in the State of Jalisco, Mexico. Tree data recorded on the sample plots were used to characterize tree species richness by forest type and climatic conditions (temperature and precipitation) in the State. Species composition and other diversity indices were also calculated. Explanatory variables identified in a Poisson regression identified forest cover type, elevation, tree basal area, canopy closure, and winter precipitation as being important to changes in tree species richness. An "extreme quantile curve estimation" approach was then used to approximate the boundary that represented the maximum potential species richness response to the various levels of important variables. Maximum tree species richness decreased with increasing elevation. The relationships between maximum species richness and tree basal area, canopy closure, and winter precipitation followed a hump-back unimodal model, with intermediate values supporting the largest species richness. We believe that results of the current study will contribute to further development of a conservation plan for tree species in the State of Jalisco, Mexico. C1 [Reich, Robin M.; Bonham, Charles D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Aguirre-Bravo, Celedonio] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Chazaro-Basaneza, Migel] Univ Guadalajara, Dept Geog, Ctr Univ Ciencias Sociales & Humanidades, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico. RP Reich, RM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM robin@warnercnr.colostate.edu FU Mexican State of Jalisco's Secretary of Rural Development, FIPRODEFO (Fideicomiso para la Administracion del Programa de Desarrollo Forestal del Estado de Jalisco); Jalisco's Agriculture Advisory Board; USDA Forest Service; Rocky Mountain Research Station; Colorado State University FX The authors acknowledge support by the Mexican State of Jalisco's Secretary of Rural Development, FIPRODEFO (Fideicomiso para la Administracion del Programa de Desarrollo Forestal del Estado de Jalisco); Jalisco's Agriculture Advisory Board, the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, and Colorado State University. Each of these institutions and organizations provided the financial and human resources for the project. NR 43 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-0237 J9 PLANT ECOL JI Plant Ecol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 210 IS 1 BP 67 EP 84 DI 10.1007/s11258-010-9738-5 PG 18 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 634JU UT WOS:000280577900006 ER PT J AU Kim, M Hyten, DL Bent, AF Diers, BW AF Kim, Myungsik Hyten, David L. Bent, Andrew F. Diers, Brian W. TI Fine Mapping of the SCN Resistance Locus rhg1-b from PI 88788 SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article AB Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) is the most economically damaging soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] pest in the USA and genetic resistance is a key component for its control. Although SCN resistance is quantitative, the rhg1 locus on chromosome 18 (formerly known as Linkage Group G) confers a high level of resistance. The objective of this study was to fine-map the rhg1-b allele that is derived from plant introduction (PI) 88788. F 2 and F 3 plants and F 3: 4 lines from crosses between SCN resistant and susceptible genotypes were tested with genetic markers to identify recombination events close to rhg1-b. Lines developed from these recombinant plants were then tested for resistance to the SCN isolate PA3, which originally had an HG type 0 phenotype, and with genetic markers. Analysis of lines carrying key recombination events positioned rhg1-b between the simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers BARCSOYSSR_18_0090 and BARCSOYSSR_18_0094. This places rhg1-b to a 67-kb region of the 'Williams 82' genome sequence. The receptor-like kinase gene that has been previously identified as a candidate for the 'Peking'-derived SCN resistant rhg1 gene is adjacent to, but outside of, the rhg1-b interval defined in the present study. C1 [Kim, Myungsik; Diers, Brian W.] Univ Illinois, Dep Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hyten, David L.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bent, Andrew F.] Univ Wisconsin, Dep Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Diers, BW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dep Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM bdiers@illinois.edu RI Bent, Andrew/E-5391-2016 OI Bent, Andrew/0000-0001-6610-9525 FU United Soybean Board [0253]; Illinois Soybean Association FX We thank Charles Quigley, Karen Williams, Alicia Bertles, Tad Sonstegard, and the BFGL-ANRI BARC-East DNA Sequencing Facility for assistance with the genomic STS sequencing and SSR genotyping and Qijian Song for assistance in designing SSR primers. Funding for this research was supported partially by the United Soybean Board project #0253 to AFB and funding from the Illinois Soybean Association to BWD. NR 46 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 15 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD SEP PY 2010 VL 3 IS 2 BP 81 EP 89 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2010.02.0001 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA V26WR UT WOS:000208576200003 ER PT J AU Zhang, DD Bai, GH Zhu, CS Yu, JM Carver, BF AF Zhang, Dadong Bai, Guihua Zhu, Chengsong Yu, Jianming Carver, Brett F. TI Genetic Diversity, Population Structure, and Linkage Disequilibrium in US Elite Winter Wheat SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article AB Information on genetic diversity and population structure of elite wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding lines promotes effective use of genetic resources. We analyzed 205 elite wheat breeding lines from major winter wheat breeding programs in the USA using 245 markers across the wheat genomes. This collection showed a high level of genetic diversity as reflected by allele number per locus (7.2) and polymorphism information content (0.54). However, the diversity of U. S. modern wheat appeared to be lower than previously reported diversity levels in worldwide germplasm collections. As expected, this collection was highly structured according to geographic origin and market class with soft and hard wheat clearly separated from each other. Hard wheat accessions were further divided into three subpopulations. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) was primarily distributed around centromere regions. The mean genome-wide LD decay estimate was 10 cM (r(2) > 0.1), although the extent of LD was highly variable throughout the genome. Our results on genetic diversity of different gene pools and the distribution of LD facilitates the effective use of genetic resources for wheat breeding and the choice of marker density in gene mapping and marker-assisted breeding. C1 [Bai, Guihua] USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Zhang, Dadong; Zhu, Chengsong; Yu, Jianming] Kansas State Univ, Dep Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Carver, Brett F.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dep Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Bai, GH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM guihua.bai@ars.usda.gov RI Zhu, Chengsong/F-8045-2011 FU NRI of the USDA CSREES, CAP grant [2006-55606-16629] FX This project is partly funded by the NRI of the USDA CSREES, CAP grant number 2006-55606-16629. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Contribution no. 10-166-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan, KS. NR 38 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 10 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD SEP PY 2010 VL 3 IS 2 BP 117 EP 127 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2010.03.0004 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA V26WR UT WOS:000208576200006 ER PT J AU Wu, X Wang, JP Na, JK Yu, QY Moore, RC Zee, F Huber, SC Ming, R AF Wu, Xia Wang, Jianping Na, Jong-Kuk Yu, Qingyi Moore, Richard C. Zee, Francis Huber, Steven C. Ming, Ray TI The origin of the non-recombining region of sex chromosomes in Carica and Vasconcellea SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE molecular evolution; papaya; sex chromosomes; single nucleotide polymorphisms haplotype; Vasconcellea ID PRIMITIVE Y-CHROMOSOME; PAPAYA; EVOLUTION; SUBSTITUTIONS; GENOME; GENES AB P>Carica and Vasconcellea are two closely related sister genera in the family Caricaceae, and were once classified as two sections under Carica. Sex chromosomes have been found in papaya and originated approximately 2-3 million years ago. The objectives of this study were to determine whether sex chromosomes have evolved in Vasconcellea. Six X/Y gene pairs were cloned, sequenced and analyzed from three dioecious, one trioecious and one monoecious species of Vasconcellea. The isolation of distinctive X and Y alleles in dioecious and trioecious species of Vasconcellea demonstrated that sex chromosomes have evolved in this genus. Phylogenetic analyses indicated a monophyletic relationship between the X/Y alleles of Carica and those of Vasconcellea. Distinctive clusters of X/Y alleles were documented in V. parviflora and V. pulchra for all available gene sequences, and in V. goudatinana and V. cardinamarcensis for some X/Y alleles. The X and Y alleles within each species shared most single nucleotide polymorphism haplotypes that differed from other species. Limited evidence of gene conversion was documented among the X/Y alleles of some species, but was not sufficient to cause the evolutionary patterns reported herein. The Carica and Vasconcellea sex chromosomes may have originated from the same autosomes bearing the X allelic form that still exist in the monoecious species V. monoica, and have evolved independently after the speciation event that separated Carica from Vasconcellea. Within Vasconcellea, sex chromosomes have evolved at the species level, at least for some species. C1 [Wang, Jianping; Na, Jong-Kuk; Huber, Steven C.; Ming, Ray] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wu, Xia] Univ Illinois, Program Physiol & Mol Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Yu, Qingyi] Texas A&M Univ, AgriLife Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Moore, Richard C.] Miami Univ, Dept Bot, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Zee, Francis] ARS, USDA, Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Huber, Steven C.] Univ Illinois, ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Ming, R (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM rming@life.illinois.edu RI Wu, Xia/J-8690-2014 OI Wu, Xia/0000-0002-0024-4481 FU National Science Foundation [0553417]; University of Illinois FX We thank Dr Matthew Hudson for revising the Perl scripts used in our analyses. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their critical comments and generous suggestions. The research is supported by the National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program (award number 0553417). X. W. was supported by a fellowship from the Program in Physiological and Molecular Plant Biology of the University of Illinois. NR 42 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 63 IS 5 BP 801 EP 810 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04284.x PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 643HJ UT WOS:000281285900008 PM 20579309 ER PT J AU Nambeesan, S Datsenka, T Ferruzzi, MG Malladi, A Mattoo, AK Handa, AK AF Nambeesan, Savithri Datsenka, Tatsiana Ferruzzi, Mario G. Malladi, Anish Mattoo, Autar K. Handa, Avtar K. TI Overexpression of yeast spermidine synthase impacts ripening, senescence and decay symptoms in tomato SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE polyamines; shelf life; shriveling; transgenic; tomato; fruit ripening ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; LEAF SENESCENCE; TRANSGENIC TOMATO; POLYAMINE SPERMINE; GENETIC-REGULATION; METABOLIC MEMORY; DROUGHT STRESS; SALT STRESS; SHELF-LIFE; FRUIT AB P>Polyamines (PAs) are ubiquitous, polycationic biogenic amines that are implicated in many biological processes, including plant growth and development, but their precise roles remain to be determined. Most of the previous studies have involved three biogenic amines: putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm), and their derivatives. We have expressed a yeast spermidine synthase (ySpdSyn) gene under constitutive (CaMV35S) and fruit-ripening specific (E8) promoters in Solanum lycopersicum (tomato), and determined alterations in tomato vegetative and fruit physiology in transformed lines compared with the control. Constitutive expression of ySpdSyn enhanced intracellular levels of Spd in the leaf, and transiently during fruit development, whereas E8-ySpdSyn expression led to Spd accumulation early and transiently during fruit ripening. The ySpdSyn transgenic fruits had a longer shelf life, reduced shriveling and delayed decay symptom development in comparison with the wild-type (WT) fruits. An increase in shelf life of ySpdSyn transgenic fruits was not facilitated by changes in the rate of water loss or ethylene evolution. Additionally, the expression of several cell wall and membrane degradation-related genes in ySpdSyn transgenic fruits was not correlated with an extension of shelf life, indicating that the Spd-mediated increase in fruit shelf life is independent of the above factors. Crop maturity, indicated by the percentage of ripening fruits on the vine, was delayed in a CaMV35S-ySpdSyn genotype, with fruits accumulating higher levels of the antioxidant lycopene. Notably, whole-plant senescence in the transgenic plants was also delayed compared with WT plants. Together, these results provide evidence for a role of PAs, particularly Spd, in increasing fruit shelf life, probably by reducing post-harvest senescence and decay. C1 [Nambeesan, Savithri; Datsenka, Tatsiana; Handa, Avtar K.] Purdue Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Ferruzzi, Mario G.] Purdue Univ, Dept Food Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Malladi, Anish] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Mattoo, Autar K.] ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Handa, AK (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ahanda@purdue.edu FU US-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development [IS-3441-03]; USDA-IFAFS [741740]; Purdue Research Foundation FX Studies were partly supported by a US-Israel Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund to AKH and AKM (grant no. IS-3441-03), and USDA-IFAFS program grant (award no. 741740) to AKH. SN was partially supported by the Purdue Research Foundation. The mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information, and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 75 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 37 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 63 IS 5 BP 836 EP 847 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04286.x PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 643HJ UT WOS:000281285900011 PM 20584149 ER PT J AU Hurwitz, BL Kudrna, D Yu, Y Sebastian, A Zuccolo, A Jackson, SA Ware, D Wing, RA Stein, L AF Hurwitz, Bonnie L. Kudrna, Dave Yu, Yeisoo Sebastian, Aswathy Zuccolo, Andrea Jackson, Scott A. Ware, Doreen Wing, Rod A. Stein, Lincoln TI Rice structural variation: a comparative analysis of structural variation between rice and three of its closest relatives in the genus Oryza SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE rice; Oryza; domestication; genome; evolution; comparative genomics ID GRASS GENOME EVOLUTION; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; MULTIGENE FAMILIES; DEATH PROCESS; PLANTS; MAIZE; GENETICS; RETROTRANSPOSONS; DIVERGENCE; SEQUENCE AB Rapid progress in comparative genomics among the grasses has revealed similar gene content and order despite exceptional differences in chromosome size and number. Large-and small-scale genomic variations are of particular interest, especially among cultivated and wild species, as they encode rapidly evolving features that may be important in adaptation to particular environments. We present a genome-wide study of intermediate-sized structural variation (SV) among rice (Oryza sativa) and three of its closest relatives in the genus Oryza (Oryza nivara, Oryza rufipogon and Oryza glaberrima). We computationally identified regional expansions, contractions and inversions in the Oryza species genomes relative to O. sativa by combining data from paired-end clone alignments to the O. sativa reference genome and physical maps. A subset of the computational predictions was validated using a new approach for BAC size determination. The result was a confirmed catalog of 674 expansions (25-38 Mb) and 611 (4-19 Mb) contractions, and 140 putative inversions (14-19 Mb) between the three Oryza species and O. sativa. In the expanded regions unique to O. sativa we found enrichment in transposable elements (TEs): long terminal repeats (LTRs) were randomly located across the chromosomes, and their insertion times corresponded to the date of the A genome radiation. Also, rice-expanded regions contained an over-representation of single-copy genes related to defense factors in the environment. This catalog of confirmed SV in reference to O. sativa provides an entry point for future research in genome evolution, speciation, domestication and novel gene discovery. C1 [Hurwitz, Bonnie L.; Wing, Rod A.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hurwitz, Bonnie L.; Ware, Doreen; Stein, Lincoln] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Kudrna, Dave; Yu, Yeisoo; Sebastian, Aswathy; Zuccolo, Andrea; Wing, Rod A.] Univ Arizona, Arizona Genom Inst, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Kudrna, Dave; Yu, Yeisoo; Sebastian, Aswathy; Zuccolo, Andrea; Wing, Rod A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Jackson, Scott A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Wing, Rod A.] Univ Arizona, Inst BIO5, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Stein, Lincoln] Ontario Inst Canc Res, Toronto, ON M5G 0A3, Canada. [Ware, Doreen] ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Wing, RA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM rwing@ag.arizona.edu; lincoln.stein@gmail.com OI Wing, Rod/0000-0001-6633-6226 FU National Science Foundation [0208329] FX We thank Noreen Lyle, Angelina Angelova, Elizabeth Ashley, Kristi Collura and Nick Sisneros for excellent technical assistance, and Jetty S. S. Ammiraju for helpful discussions. We thank Ken Youens-Clark for reviewing the PERL code and providing helpful computational advice. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Plant Genome Program, Grant No. 0208329 to SAJ, RAW and LS. NR 71 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0960-7412 J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 63 IS 6 BP 990 EP 1003 DI 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04293.x PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 651CN UT WOS:000281902300009 PM 20626650 ER PT J AU An, YQC Meagher, RB AF An, Yong-Qiang Charles Meagher, Richard B. TI Strong Expression and Conserved Regulation of ACT2 in Arabidopsis thaliana and Physcomitrella patens SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER LA English DT Article DE Actin; Arabidopsis; Expression; Molecular evolution; Physcomitrella; Promoter ID GENE-EXPRESSION; NONCODING SEQUENCES; PROMOTER ANALYSIS; DUPLICATE GENES; EPSILON-GLOBIN; ABSCISIC-ACID; PLANTS; TRANSFORMATION; EVOLUTION; INTRONS AB Arabidopsis ACT2 represents an ancient class of vegetative plant actins and is strongly and constitutively expressed in almost all Arabidopsis sporophyte vegetative tissues. Using the beta glucuronidase report system, the studies showed that ACT2 5' regulatory region was significantly more active than CaMV 35S promoter in Arabidopsis seedlings and gametophyte vegetative tissues of Physcomitrella patens. Its activity was also observed in rice and maize seedlings. Thus, the ACT2 5' regulatory region could potentially serve as a strong regulator to express a transgene in divergent plant species. ACT2 5' regulatory region contained 15 conserved sequence elements, an ancient intron in its 5' un-translated region (5' UTR), and a purine-rich stretch followed by a pyrimidine-rich stretch (PuPy). Mutagenesis and deletion analysis illustrated that some of the conserved sequence elements and the region containing PuPy sequences played regulatory roles in Arabidopsis. Interestingly, mutation of the conserved elements did not lead a dramatic change in the activity of ACT2 5' regulatory region. The ancient intron in ACT2 5' UTR was required for its strong expression in both Arabidopsis and P. patens, but did not fully function as a canonical intron. Thus, it was likely that some of the conserved sequence elements and gene structures had been preserved in ACT2 5' regulatory region over the course of land plant evolution partly due to their functional importance. The studies provided additional evidences that identification of evolutionarily conserved features in non-coding region might be used as an efficient strategy to predict gene regulatory elements. C1 [An, Yong-Qiang Charles] ARS, USDA, Midwest Area, Plant Genet Res Unit,Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ct, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. [Meagher, Richard B.] Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP An, YQC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Midwest Area, Plant Genet Res Unit,Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ct, 975 N Warson Rd, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. EM yong-qiang.an@ars.usda.gov; meagher@uga.edu NR 55 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0735-9640 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL REP JI Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 28 IS 3 BP 481 EP 490 DI 10.1007/s11105-009-0171-7 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 580ID UT WOS:000276440500014 ER PT J AU Vinje, MA Duke, SH Henson, CA AF Vinje, Marcus A. Duke, Stanley H. Henson, Cynthia A. TI Utilization of Different Bmy1 Intron III Alleles for Predicting beta-Amylase Activity and Thermostability in Wild and Cultivated Barley SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER LA English DT Article DE beta-Amylase; Diastatic power; Malt quality; Marker-assisted selection ID HORDEUM-VULGARE L.; AMYLOLYTIC ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; MALT QUALITY MEASUREMENTS; DIASTATIC POWER; ENVIRONMENTAL VARIATION; SUGAR CONCENTRATIONS; GENETIC-VARIATION; PROTEIN-CONTENT; ALPHA-AMYLASE; SPONTANEUM AB The third intron of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) beta-amylase 1 (Bmy1) is extremely polymorphic. The use of specific insertion/deletions (indels) in the third intron as markers for cultivar development has been recommended based on associations with beta-amylase activity and thermostability. The third intron of Bmy1 in 40 barley genotypes was sequenced and aligned with 15 Bmy1 intron III sequences from GenBank and four alleles (Bmy1.a, Bmy1.b, Bmy1.c, and Bmy1.d) were identified based on indels of 126, 38, 11, and 21 bp. beta-Amylase activity and thermostability were assayed in 22 North American cultivars and 12 wild barley genotypes. Cultivars carrying the Bmy1.a and Bmy1.b alleles had beta-amylase activity ranges calculated on a fresh weight (FW) basis of 1.8- and 1.5-fold, respectively, and thermostability ranges of 8.8- and 1.2-fold, respectively. beta-Amylase activity calculated on a protein basis yielded a 2.4- and 1.4-fold range for Bmy1.a and Bmy1.b, respectively. Significantly different activities were observed in cultivars carrying either Bmy1.a or the Bmy1.b allele when calculated on a FW basis and the Bmy1.a allele when calculated on a protein basis. Significantly different thermostabilities were observed in cultivars carrying the Bmy1.a allele. Wild barleys were found to carry Bmy1.a, Bmy1.b, and Bmy1.c alleles with beta-amylase activity ranges calculated on a FW basis of 1.7-, 1.7-, and 2.6-fold, respectively, and thermostability ranges of 1.3-, 1.4-, and 2.1-fold, respectively. beta-Amylase activity measured on a protein basis identified a 1.3-, 1.4-, and 2.1-fold range for Bmy1.a, Bmy1.b, and Bmy1.c, respectively. Significantly different activities were found in genotypes with any of these three alleles when calculated on a FW basis yet only in those with the Bmy1.c allele when calculated on a protein basis. Significantly different thermostabilities in genotypes carrying either the Bmy1.b or Bmy1.c allele were observed. In the germplasm studied here, the Bmy1 intron III alleles are not reliable predictors of beta-amylase activity and thermostability. C1 [Vinje, Marcus A.; Duke, Stanley H.; Henson, Cynthia A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Henson, Cynthia A.] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Henson, CA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM Cynthia.Henson@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; USDA-CREES FX This research was supported by a USDA-ARS, USDA-CREES US Barley Genome Project Special Grant. We thank Charles Karpelenia, Joel Phillips, Mariah Peronto, and Lauren Boerboom for their excellent technical assistance and Brian Steffenson and Mike Casler for their insightful and useful comments. We thank Blake Cooper, Brian Steffenson, Patrick Hayes, and Harold Bockelman for their generous gifts of germplasm that made this study possible. NR 40 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0735-9640 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL REP JI Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 28 IS 3 BP 491 EP 501 DI 10.1007/s11105-009-0168-2 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 580ID UT WOS:000276440500015 ER PT J AU Chen, ZB Wang, ML Barkley, NA Pittman, RN AF Chen, Zhenbang Wang, Ming Li Barkley, Noelle A. Pittman, Roy N. TI A Simple Allele-Specific PCR Assay for Detecting FAD2 Alleles in Both A and B Genomes of the Cultivated Peanut for High-Oleate Trait Selection SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER LA English DT Article DE Cultivated peanut; Delta(12) fatty acid desaturase; Oleic acid to linoleic acid ratio; Allele-specific PCR detection; Gas chromatography; Marker-assisted selection ID ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA L.; HIGH OLEIC-ACID; ENZYMATIC AMPLIFICATION; GERMPLASM COLLECTION; LIPID-SYNTHESIS; MINI-CORE; DESATURASE; MUTATION; GENE; POLYMORPHISMS AB In cultivated tetraploid peanut (2n = 4x = 40, AABB), the conversion of oleic acid to linoleic acid is mainly catalyzed by the Delta(12) fatty acid desaturase (FAD). Two homoeologous genes (FAD2A and FAD2B) encoding for the desaturase are located on the A and B genomes, respectively. Abolishing or reducing the desaturase activity by gene mutation can significantly increase the oleic acid/linoleic acid ratio. F435-derived high-oleate peanut cultivars contain two key mutations within the Delta(12) fatty acid desaturase gene which include a 1-bp substitution of G:C -> A:T in the A genome and a 1-bp insertion of A:T in the B genome. Both of these mutations contribute to abolishing or reducing the desaturase activity, leading to accumulation of oleate versus linoleate. Currently, detection of FAD2 alleles can be achieved by a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence marker for the A genome and a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) marker for the B genome; however, detection of these key mutations has to use different assay platforms. Therefore, a simple PCR assay for detection of FAD2 alleles on both genomes was developed by designing allele-specific primers and altering PCR annealing temperatures. This assay was successfully used for detecting FAD2 alleles in peanut. Gas chromatography (GC) was used to determine fatty acid composition of PCR-assayed genotypes. The results from the PCR assay and GC analysis were consistent. This PCR assay is quick, reliable, economical, and easy to use. Implementation of this PCR assay will greatly enhance the efficiency of germplasm characterization and marker-assisted selection of high oleate in peanut. C1 [Chen, Zhenbang] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Griffin, GA USA. [Wang, Ming Li; Barkley, Noelle A.; Pittman, Roy N.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Chen, ZB (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Griffin, GA USA. EM zchen@uga.edu; MingLi.Wang@ars.usda.gov RI Barkley, Noelle/C-5815-2008 NR 23 TC 29 Z9 42 U1 3 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0735-9640 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL REP JI Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 28 IS 3 BP 542 EP 548 DI 10.1007/s11105-010-0181-5 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 580ID UT WOS:000276440500020 ER PT J AU Severin, AJ Peiffer, GA Xu, WW Hyten, DL Bucciarelli, B O'Rourke, JA Bolon, YT Grant, D Farmer, AD May, GD Vance, CP Shoemaker, RC Stupar, RM AF Severin, Andrew J. Peiffer, Gregory A. Xu, Wayne W. Hyten, David L. Bucciarelli, Bruna O'Rourke, Jamie A. Bolon, Yung-Tsi Grant, David Farmer, Andrew D. May, Gregory D. Vance, Carroll P. Shoemaker, Randy C. Stupar, Robert M. TI An Integrative Approach to Genomic Introgression Mapping SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IRON-DEFICIENCY CHLOROSIS; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; SEED PROTEIN QTL; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; COMPLEX GENOME; SNP DISCOVERY; GLYCINE-MAX; GROUP-I; SEQUENCE; MARKERS AB Near-isogenic lines (NILs) are valuable genetic resources for many crop species, including soybean (Glycine max). The development of new molecular platforms promises to accelerate the mapping of genetic introgressions in these materials. Here, we compare some existing and emerging methodologies for genetic introgression mapping: single-feature polymorphism analysis, Illumina GoldenGate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping, and de novo SNP discovery via RNA-Seq analysis of next-generation sequence data. We used these methods to map the introgressed regions in an iron-inefficient soybean NIL and found that the three mapping approaches are complementary when utilized in combination. The comparative RNA-Seq approach offers several additional advantages, including the greatest mapping resolution, marker depth, and de novo marker utility for downstream fine-mapping analysis. We applied the comparative RNA-Seq method to map genetic introgressions in an additional pair of NILs exhibiting differential seed protein content. Furthermore, we attempted to optimize the comparative RNA-Seq approach by assessing the impact of sequence depth, SNP identification methodology, and post hoc analyses on SNP discovery rates. We conclude that the comparative RNA-Seq approach can be optimized with sufficient sampling and by utilizing a post hoc correction accounting for gene density variation that controls for false discoveries. C1 [Vance, Carroll P.; Stupar, Robert M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Severin, Andrew J.; Peiffer, Gregory A.; Shoemaker, Randy C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Xu, Wayne W.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Supercomp Inst, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Hyten, David L.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bucciarelli, Bruna; O'Rourke, Jamie A.; Bolon, Yung-Tsi; Vance, Carroll P.] USDA ARS, Plant Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Grant, David; Shoemaker, Randy C.] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Farmer, Andrew D.; May, Gregory D.] Natl Ctr Genome Res, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. RP Stupar, RM (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM rstupar@umn.edu OI Stupar, Robert/0000-0002-8836-2924; Hyten, David/0000-0001-6324-9389 FU United Soybean Board; North Central Soybean Association; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; Minnesota Soybean Research and Promotion Council FX This work was supported by the United Soybean Board, the North Central Soybean Association, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, and the Minnesota Soybean Research and Promotion Council. NR 29 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 154 IS 1 BP 3 EP 12 DI 10.1104/pp.110.158949 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 646VA UT WOS:000281570000001 PM 20656899 ER PT J AU Dubois, PG Olsefski, GT Flint-Garcia, S Setter, TL Hoekenga, OA Brutnell, TP AF Dubois, Patrice G. Olsefski, Gregory T. Flint-Garcia, Sherry Setter, Tim L. Hoekenga, Owen A. Brutnell, Thomas P. TI Physiological and Genetic Characterization of End-of-Day Far-Red Light Response in Maize Seedlings SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ABSCISIC-ACID METABOLISM; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SHADE-AVOIDANCE; PHYTOCHROME-B; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; CHILLING TOLERANCE; NATURAL VARIATION; GROWTH-RESPONSES; PLANT AB Developmental responses associated with end-of-day far-red light (EOD-FR) signaling were investigated in maize (Zea mays subspecies mays) seedlings. A survey of genetically diverse inbreds of temperate and tropical/semitropical origins, together with teosinte (Zea mays subspecies parviglumis) and a modern hybrid, revealed distinct elongation responses. A mesocotyl elongation response to the EOD-FR treatment was largely absent in the tropical/semitropical lines, but both hybrid and temperate inbred responses were of the same magnitude as in teosinte, suggesting that EOD-FR-mediated mesocotyl responses were not lost during the domestication or breeding process. The genetic architecture underlying seedling responses to EOD-FR was investigated using the intermated B73 x Mo17 mapping population. Among the different quantitative trait loci identified, two were consistently detected for elongation and responsiveness under EOD-FR, but none were associated with known light signaling loci. The central role of phytochromes in mediating EOD-FR responses was shown using a phytochromeB1 phytochromeB2 (phyB1 phyB2) mutant series. Unlike the coleoptile and first leaf sheath, EOD-FR-mediated elongation of the mesocotyl appears predominantly controlled by gibberellin. EOD-FR also reduced abscisic acid (ABA) levels in the mesocotyl for both the wild type and phyB1 phyB2 double mutants, suggesting a FR-mediated but PHYB-independent control of ABA accumulation. EOD-FR elongation responses were attenuated in both the wild type and phyB1 phyB2 double mutants when a chilling stress was applied during the dark period, concomitant with an increase in ABA levels. We present a model for the EOD-FR response that integrates light and hormonal control of seedling elongation. C1 [Olsefski, Gregory T.; Brutnell, Thomas P.] Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Dubois, Patrice G.; Setter, Tim L.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Flint-Garcia, Sherry] USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Hoekenga, Owen A.] USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Brutnell, TP (reprint author), Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM tpb8@cornell.edu RI Brutnell, Thomas/M-2840-2013 OI Brutnell, Thomas/0000-0002-3581-8211 FU Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies; National Science Foundation [DBI-0501713] FX This work was supported by the Fonds Quebecois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies (fellowship to P. G. D.) and by the National Science Foundation (grant no. DBI-0501713 to T. P. B.). NR 76 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 154 IS 1 BP 173 EP 186 DI 10.1104/pp.110.159830 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 646VA UT WOS:000281570000014 PM 20668057 ER PT J AU Tremblay, A Hosseini, P Alkharouf, NW Li, SX Matthews, BF AF Tremblay, Arianne Hosseini, Parsa Alkharouf, Nadim W. Li, Shuxian Matthews, Benjamin F. TI Transcriptome analysis of a compatible response by Glycine max to Phakopsora pachyrhizi infection SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Microarray; Soybean; Soybean rust; Fungus; Plant; Metabolic pathway ID LASER CAPTURE MICRODISSECTION; F-SP HORDEI; SOYBEAN RUST; SALICYLIC-ACID; METHYL JASMONATE; GENE-EXPRESSION; DISEASE RESISTANCE; CYST-NEMATODE; BARLEY LEAVES; PLANT AB Soybean is one of the top five agricultural products in the United States. Soybean rust is caused by the obligate fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow, an exotic pathogen in the U.S. Extensive screening of soybean germplasm has not identified soybean with resistance to all of the different isolates of soybean rust. A biotechnological approach may help to understand the plant host response at the molecular level and subsequently broaden resistance of soybean to this fungus. Using laser capture microdissection, we isolated susceptible soybean palisade and mesophyll cells showing signs of infection, extracted the RNA and performed transcriptome profiling. A total of 2982 genes were found to be differentially expressed, of which 685 were up-regulated, and 2297 were down-regulated. Eighty-eight percent of our regulated genes are unique to our time-point and our palisade cells. Gene expression data was overlaid on Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes biochemical pathways. In general, up-regulated genes were associated with basic defense while down-regulated genes were associated with many metabolic pathways. These results demonstrate that soybean rust strongly affects plant metabolism at the latest stage of infection and that the plant futilely fights even at the end of the infection process to establish a resistance response. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Tremblay, Arianne; Matthews, Benjamin F.] ARS, USDA, Inst Plant Sci, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Hosseini, Parsa; Alkharouf, Nadim W.] Towson Univ, Towson, MD 21252 USA. [Li, Shuxian] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Tremblay, A (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Inst Plant Sci, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Arianne.Treblay@ars.usda.gov FU United Soybean Board [8254] FX The authors thank Dr. Jeannine Rowland and Syra Sikandar for critical reading and editing of the manuscript. The authors greatly appreciate the continued support provided by the United Soybean Board under grant 8254. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. Technical assistance for the Affymetrix (R) array hybridizations and data acquisition was provided by Dr. David Munroe and Nicole Lum at the Laboratory of Molecular Technology, SAIC-Frederick, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21701, USA. Data are available soon through the web site http://bioinformatics.towson.edu/SGMD3/. NR 55 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 179 IS 3 BP 183 EP 193 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2010.04.011 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 631EJ UT WOS:000280329100005 ER PT J AU Macnish, AJ Jiang, CZ Negre-Zakharov, F Reid, MS AF Macnish, Andrew J. Jiang, Cai-Zhong Negre-Zakharov, Florence Reid, Michael S. TI Physiological and molecular changes during opening and senescence of Nicotiana mutabilis flowers SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Anthocyanin; Ethylene; Fragrance; Petal; SAG12 (senescence-associated gene); Senescence ID GENE-EXPRESSION PATTERNS; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; L. DUTCH-MASTER; PERIANTH SENESCENCE; PETAL SENESCENCE; COLOR-CHANGE; ETHYLENE; POLLINATION; SNAPDRAGON; EMISSION AB As the flowers of Nicotiana mutabilis open and senesce, their petals show a striking color change from white through pink to red. This was associated with an increase in chalcone synthase (CHS) gene expression and a substantial rise in petal anthocyanin content. It was also accompanied by up-regulation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (ACO) transcripts and elevated rates of ethylene production at the onset of petal wilting. Emission of the fragrant monoterpenoid volatiles 1,8-cineole, linalool, and terpineol also increased as petals developed pink coloration. The increase in volatile emission was preceded by a rise in monoterpene synthase (MTS) gene expression. Transcripts of a homologue of SAG12, a senescence-associated gene encoding a cysteine protease, began to accumulate in petals 3 days prior to visible wilting. Exposure of newly opened white flowers to 1 mu L L(-1) ethylene accelerated petal coloration, wilting, and induction of SAG12 expression by ca. 1 day while treatment with 500 nL L(-1) 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), an inhibitor of ethylene action, retarded these processes. The numerous genetic and experimental tools available for tobacco can readily be applied to this close relative, which therefore provides an interesting new model for studying ethylene-mediated flower senescence. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Macnish, Andrew J.; Negre-Zakharov, Florence; Reid, Michael S.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Jiang, Cai-Zhong] ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Reid, MS (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM msreid@ucdavis.edu OI Zakharov, Florence/0000-0003-3327-6145; Jiang, Cai-Zhong/0000-0002-5972-7963 FU American Floral Endowment; USDA Floriculture Initiative FX We thank the American Floral Endowment and the USDA Floriculture Initiative for partial funding of this study. We also acknowledge Antonio Ferrante and Setal Prabhu for technical assistance with experiments. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 179 IS 3 BP 267 EP 272 DI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2010.05.011 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 631EJ UT WOS:000280329100015 ER PT J AU Forbis, TA AF Forbis, Tara A. TI Germination phenology of some Great Basin native annual forb species SO PLANT SPECIES BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE annual; Bromus tectorum; forb; germination; Great Basin; restoration ID BROMUS-TECTORUM; SEED DORMANCY; DELAYED GERMINATION; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; PRESCRIBED FIRE; LIFE-HISTORY; BURIED SEEDS; DESERT; TEMPERATURE; STORAGE AB Great Basin native plant communities are being replaced by the annual invasive cheatgrass Bromus tectorum. Cheatgrass exhibits a germination syndrome that is characteristic of facultative winter annuals. Although perennials dominate these communities, native annuals are present at many sites. Germination timing is often an important predictor of competitive interactions, and might determine whether the use of annual species in restoration efforts will be successful. I used a laboratory experiment to determine whether a suite of native annuals exhibit winter or spring annual germination syndromes. Seeds of Amsinckia menziesii var. intermedia, Amsinckia tesselata, Blepharipappus scaber, Descurainia pinnata, Eriastrum sparsiflorum, Lappula occidentalis, Mentzelia veatchiana and Plagiobothrys tenellus were tested for dormancy, and for responsiveness to light, cold stratification and dry after-ripening. Species that would be expected to be most similar to cheatgrass are those that have no requirement for cold stratification and are therefore likely to germinate under autumn or winter conditions. The species that clearly met this criterion in this laboratory study were A. menziesii var. intermedia, A. tesselata, D. pinnata and L. occidentalis. In contrast, B. scaber, E. sparsiflorum, M. veatchiana and P. tenellus had their highest germination after cold stratification and would be expected to be spring germinators. Blepharipappus scaber was not coaxed out of dormancy to a great degree by any of the treatments I applied and may exhibit cue-non-responsive dormancy. Field seed burial experiments, as well as experiments examining the competitive ability of these annuals versus cheatgrass will further inform us about their potential for success in restoration seedings. C1 USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Forbis, TA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, 920 Valley Rd, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM tforbis@unr.edu NR 43 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0913-557X J9 PLANT SPEC BIOL JI Plant Spec. Biol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 25 IS 3 BP 221 EP 230 DI 10.1111/j.1442-1984.2010.00289.x PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 644UO UT WOS:000281407000007 ER PT J AU Shabala, S Babourina, O Rengel, Z Nemchinov, LG AF Shabala, Sergey Babourina, Olga Rengel, Zed Nemchinov, Lev G. TI Non-invasive microelectrode potassium flux measurements as a potential tool for early recognition of virus-host compatibility in plants SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE Calcium; Host-pathogen interactions; Ion fluxes; Membrane transport; Potassium; Virus-host compatibility ID PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; ION FLUXES; HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; NONHOST RESISTANCE; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; ROOT TISSUES; SALINITY; DEFENSE; GENE AB Diseases caused by plant viruses are widespread, resulting in severe economic losses worldwide. Understanding the cellular basis of defense responses and developing efficient diagnostic tools for early recognition of host specificity to viral infection is, therefore, of great importance. In this work, non-invasive ion selective microelectrodes (the MIFE technique) were used to measure net ion fluxes in mesophyll tissue of host (potato, tomato, tobacco) and non-host (sugar beet and periwinkle) plants in response to infection with Potato virus X (PVX). These results were complemented by FLIM (Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging) measurements of PVX-induced changes in intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations. Our results demonstrate that, unlike in other plant-pathogen interactions, Ca(2+) signaling appears to be non-essential in recognition of the early stages of viral infection. Instead, we observed significant changes in K(+) fluxes as early as 10 min after inoculation. Results of pharmacological experiments and membrane potential measurements pointed out that a significant part of these fluxes may be mediated by depolarization-activated outward-rectifying K(+) channels. This may suggest that viral infections trigger a different mechanism of plant defense signaling as compared to signals derived from other microbial pathogens; hence, altered Ca(2+) fluxes across the plasma membrane may not be a prerequisite for all elicitor-activated defense reactions. Clearly pronounced host specificity in K(+) flux responses suggests that the MIFE technique can be effectively used as a screening tool for the early diagnostics of virus-host compatibility. C1 [Shabala, Sergey] Univ Tasmania, Sch Agr Sci, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Shabala, Sergey] Univ Tasmania, Tasmanian Inst Agr Res, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Babourina, Olga; Rengel, Zed] Univ Western Australia, Sch Earth & Environm, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Nemchinov, Lev G.] ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Shabala, S (reprint author), Univ Tasmania, Sch Agr Sci, Private Bag 54, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. EM Sergey.Shabala@utas.edu.au RI Shabala, Sergey/C-6794-2013 FU Australian Research Council; University of Tasmania; United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service FX This work was supported by the Australian Research Council and University of Tasmania funding to S. S., ARC funding to Z.R. and by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service to L.G.N. The microscopy part of this study was carried out using facilities at the Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, which are supported by university, state and federal funding. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0032-0935 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PD SEP PY 2010 VL 232 IS 4 BP 807 EP 815 DI 10.1007/s00425-010-1213-y PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 640MH UT WOS:000281055200002 PM 20623138 ER PT J AU Dalloul, RA Long, JA Zimin, AV Aslam, L Beal, K Blomberg, L Bouffard, P Burt, DW Crasta, O Crooijmans, RPMA Cooper, K Coulombe, RA De, S Delany, ME Dodgson, JB Dong, JJ Evans, C Frederickson, KM Flicek, P Florea, L Folkerts, O Groenen, MAM Harkins, TT Herrero, J Hoffmann, S Megens, HJ Jiang, A de Jong, P Kaiser, P Kim, H Kim, KW Kim, S Langenberger, D Lee, MK Lee, T Mane, S Marcais, G Marz, M McElroy, AP Modise, T Nefedov, M Notredame, C Paton, IR Payne, WS Pertea, G Prickett, D Puiu, D Qioa, D Raineri, E Ruffier, M Salzberg, SL Schatz, MC Scheuring, C Schmidt, CJ Schroeder, S Searle, SMJ Smith, EJ Smith, J Sonstegard, TS Stadler, PF Tafer, H Tu, ZJ Van Tassell, CP Vilella, AJ Williams, KP Yorke, JA Zhang, LQ Zhang, HB Zhang, XJ Zhang, Y Reed, KM AF Dalloul, Rami A. Long, Julie A. Zimin, Aleksey V. Aslam, Luqman Beal, Kathryn Blomberg, Le Ann Bouffard, Pascal Burt, David W. Crasta, Oswald Crooijmans, Richard P. M. A. Cooper, Kristal Coulombe, Roger A. De, Supriyo Delany, Mary E. Dodgson, Jerry B. Dong, Jennifer J. Evans, Clive Frederickson, Karin M. Flicek, Paul Florea, Liliana Folkerts, Otto Groenen, Martien A. M. Harkins, Tim T. Herrero, Javier Hoffmann, Steve Megens, Hendrik-Jan Jiang, Andrew de Jong, Pieter Kaiser, Pete Kim, Heebal Kim, Kyu-Won Kim, Sungwon Langenberger, David Lee, Mi-Kyung Lee, Taeheon Mane, Shrinivasrao Marcais, Guillaume Marz, Manja McElroy, Audrey P. Modise, Thero Nefedov, Mikhail Notredame, Cedric Paton, Ian R. Payne, William S. Pertea, Geo Prickett, Dennis Puiu, Daniela Qioa, Dan Raineri, Emanuele Ruffier, Magali Salzberg, Steven L. Schatz, Michael C. Scheuring, Chantel Schmidt, Carl J. Schroeder, Steven Searle, Stephen M. J. Smith, Edward J. Smith, Jacqueline Sonstegard, Tad S. Stadler, Peter F. Tafer, Hakim Tu, Zhijian (Jake) Van Tassell, Curtis P. Vilella, Albert J. Williams, Kelly P. Yorke, James A. Zhang, Liqing Zhang, Hong-Bin Zhang, Xiaojun Zhang, Yang Reed, Kent M. TI Multi-Platform Next-Generation Sequencing of the Domestic Turkey (Meleagris gallopavo): Genome Assembly and Analysis SO PLOS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGH-THROUGHPUT; MONODELPHIS-DOMESTICA; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; CHICKEN GENOME; GENE FAMILY; EVOLUTION; IDENTIFICATION; DIVERSITY; BIRDS; GALLIFORMES AB A synergistic combination of two next-generation sequencing platforms with a detailed comparative BAC physical contig map provided a cost-effective assembly of the genome sequence of the domestic turkey (Meleagris gallopavo). Heterozygosity of the sequenced source genome allowed discovery of more than 600,000 high quality single nucleotide variants. Despite this heterozygosity, the current genome assembly (similar to 1.1 Gb) includes 917 Mb of sequence assigned to specific turkey chromosomes. Annotation identified nearly 16,000 genes, with 15,093 recognized as protein coding and 611 as non-coding RNA genes. Comparative analysis of the turkey, chicken, and zebra finch genomes, and comparing avian to mammalian species, supports the characteristic stability of avian genomes and identifies genes unique to the avian lineage. Clear differences are seen in number and variety of genes of the avian immune system where expansions and novel genes are less frequent than examples of gene loss. The turkey genome sequence provides resources to further understand the evolution of vertebrate genomes and genetic variation underlying economically important quantitative traits in poultry. This integrated approach may be a model for providing both gene and chromosome level assemblies of other species with agricultural, ecological, and evolutionary interest. C1 [Dalloul, Rami A.; Kim, Sungwon; McElroy, Audrey P.; Smith, Edward J.] Virginia Tech, Dept Anim & Poultry Sci, Avian Immunobiol Lab, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Long, Julie A.; Blomberg, Le Ann] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Zimin, Aleksey V.; Marcais, Guillaume; Yorke, James A.] Univ Maryland, Inst Phys Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Aslam, Luqman; Crooijmans, Richard P. M. A.; Groenen, Martien A. M.; Megens, Hendrik-Jan] Wageningen Univ, Anim Breeding & Genom Ctr, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Beal, Kathryn; Flicek, Paul; Herrero, Javier; Vilella, Albert J.] European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge, England. [Bouffard, Pascal; Frederickson, Karin M.; Harkins, Tim T.] Roche Appl Sci, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Burt, David W.; Paton, Ian R.; Smith, Jacqueline] Univ Edinburgh, Roslin Inst, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland. [Burt, David W.; Paton, Ian R.; Smith, Jacqueline] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Dick Sch Vet Studies, Roslin, Midlothian, Scotland. [Crasta, Oswald; Cooper, Kristal; Evans, Clive; Folkerts, Otto; Mane, Shrinivasrao; Modise, Thero; Williams, Kelly P.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Crasta, Oswald; Folkerts, Otto] Chromatin Inc, Champaign, IL USA. [Coulombe, Roger A.] Utah State Univ, Dept Vet Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [De, Supriyo] NIA, Gene Express & Genom Unit, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. [Delany, Mary E.; Jiang, Andrew] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dodgson, Jerry B.; Payne, William S.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Dong, Jennifer J.; Lee, Mi-Kyung; Scheuring, Chantel; Zhang, Hong-Bin; Zhang, Xiaojun; Zhang, Yang] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Hoffmann, Steve; Langenberger, David; Marz, Manja; Stadler, Peter F.; Tafer, Hakim] Univ Leipzig, Interdisciplinary Ctr Bioinformat, Leipzig, Germany. [Hoffmann, Steve; Langenberger, David; Marz, Manja; Stadler, Peter F.; Tafer, Hakim] Univ Leipzig, Dept Comp Sci, Leipzig, Germany. [Hoffmann, Steve] Univ Leipzig, LIFE Project, Leipzig, Germany. [de Jong, Pieter; Nefedov, Mikhail] Childrens Hosp & Res Ctr Oakland, Oakland, CA USA. [Kaiser, Pete; Prickett, Dennis] Inst Anim Hlth, Compton, Berks, England. [Kim, Heebal; Kim, Kyu-Won; Lee, Taeheon] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Agr Biotechnol, Lab Bioinformat & Populat Genet, Seoul, South Korea. [Marz, Manja] Univ Marburg, Marburg, Germany. [Notredame, Cedric; Raineri, Emanuele] Univ Pompeus Fabre, Ctr Genom Regulat CRG, Barcelona, Spain. [Qioa, Dan; Zhang, Liqing] Virginia Tech, Dept Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Ruffier, Magali; Searle, Stephen M. J.] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge, England. [Salzberg, Steven L.; Schatz, Michael C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Comp Sci, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Schmidt, Carl J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Newark, DE USA. [Reed, Kent M.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Van Tassell, Curtis P.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. [Tu, Zhijian (Jake)] Virginia Tech, Dept Biochem, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Stadler, Peter F.] Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. [Stadler, Peter F.; Tafer, Hakim] Univ Vienna, Dept Theoret Chem, Vienna, Austria. [Stadler, Peter F.] Fraunhofer Inst Zelltherapie & Immunol, Leipzig, Germany. [Stadler, Peter F.] Max Planck Inst Math Sci, Leipzig, Germany. [Schroeder, Steven; Sonstegard, Tad S.; Van Tassell, Curtis P.] ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Dalloul, RA (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Anim & Poultry Sci, Avian Immunobiol Lab, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM reedx054@umn.edu RI notredame, cedric/G-3868-2010; Megens, Hendrik-Jan/E-9676-2010; Zhang, Yang/A-5460-2011; Groenen, Martien/D-8408-2012; Crooijmans, Richard/E-2492-2012; Smith, Jacqueline/C-7719-2013; Langenberger, David/D-4155-2013; Hoffmann, Steve/E-1438-2013; Aslam, Muhammad/J-5053-2014; Stadler, Peter F./L-7857-2015; Coulombe, Roger/G-7523-2012; Salzberg, Steven/F-6162-2011; OI Schatz, Michael/0000-0002-4118-4446; Ruffier, Magali/0000-0002-8386-1580; Tafer, Hakim/0000-0002-6252-9802; Schmidt, Carl/0000-0002-8386-4781; Vilella, Albert/0000-0002-2005-2516; Van Tassell, Curtis/0000-0002-8416-2087; notredame, cedric/0000-0003-1461-0988; Schroeder, Steven/0000-0001-9103-5150; Herrero, Javier/0000-0001-7313-717X; Megens, Hendrik-Jan/0000-0002-3619-7533; Groenen, Martien/0000-0003-0484-4545; Langenberger, David/0000-0001-9424-9701; Aslam, Muhammad/0000-0001-8812-6887; Stadler, Peter F./0000-0002-5016-5191; Salzberg, Steven/0000-0002-8859-7432; Dalloul, Rami/0000-0003-4690-9220; De, Supriyo/0000-0002-2075-7655; Flicek, Paul/0000-0002-3897-7955; Kim, Heebal/0000-0003-3064-1303 FU Roche Applied Science; University of Minnesota (College of Veterinary Medicine, and College of Food, Agricultural & Natural Resource Sciences); Utah State University (Center for Integrated Biosystems); Virginia Bioinformatics Institute Core Lab Facility, Virginia Tech University (College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Fralin Biotechnology Center, Office of Vice President for Research); USDA; NIH National Institute on Aging; Center for Genomics regulation; European Community (Barcelona, Spain); "Landesexzellenzinitiative LIFE'' (Germany); NIH National Human Genome Research Institute [R01-HG002945]; NIH National Library of Medicine [R01-LM006845]; National Science Foundation [DMS0616585]; European Union; Spanish Ministry of Science; Wellcome Trust; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Animal Genome [2005-35205-15451, 2007-0212704, 2007-35205-17880, 2008-04049, 2008-35205-18720, 2009-35205-05302, 2010-65205-20412]; Ministry of Science & Technology (Korea Science & Engineering Foundation) of Korea [R01-2007-000-20456-0]; [USDA-NIFA-NRSP8] FX Funding for sequencing was supported by Roche Applied Science, the University of Minnesota (College of Veterinary Medicine, and College of Food, Agricultural & Natural Resource Sciences), the Utah State University (Center for Integrated Biosystems), the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute Core Lab Facility, Virginia Tech University (College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Fralin Biotechnology Center, Office of Vice President for Research), the Intramural Research Programs of the USDA Agricultural Research Service and the NIH National Institute on Aging, and Multi-State Research Support Program (USDA-NIFA-NRSP8). Funding for assembly, annotation and genomic analyses was provided by The Center for Genomics regulation and the European Community (Barcelona, Spain), "Landesstipendium Sachsen'', the Free State of Saxony under the auspices of the "Landesexzellenzinitiative LIFE'' (Germany), the NIH National Human Genome Research Institute (#R01-HG002945), the NIH National Library of Medicine (#R01-LM006845), the National Science Foundation (#DMS0616585), The Quantomics Project from 7th Framework Programe of the European Union, the Spanish Ministry of Science, The Wellcome Trust, the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Animal Genome Program (#'s 2005-35205-15451; 2007-0212704; 2007-35205-17880; 2008-04049; 2008-35205-18720; 2009-35205-05302; 2010-65205-20412) and Ministry of Science & Technology (Korea Science & Engineering Foundation) of Korea (R01-2007-000-20456-0). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 103 TC 176 Z9 181 U1 5 U2 71 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1545-7885 J9 PLOS BIOL JI PLoS. Biol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 8 IS 9 AR e1000475 DI 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000475 PG 21 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 655UY UT WOS:000282279200020 ER PT J AU Suen, G Scott, JJ Aylward, FO Adams, SM Tringe, SG Pinto-Tomas, AA Foster, CE Pauly, M Weimer, PJ Barry, KW Goodwin, LA Bouffard, P Li, L Osterberger, J Harkins, TT Slater, SC Donohue, TJ Currie, CR AF Suen, Garret Scott, Jarrod J. Aylward, Frank O. Adams, Sandra M. Tringe, Susannah G. Pinto-Tomas, Adrian A. Foster, Clifton E. Pauly, Markus Weimer, Paul J. Barry, Kerrie W. Goodwin, Lynne A. Bouffard, Pascal Li, Lewyn Osterberger, Jolene Harkins, Timothy T. Slater, Steven C. Donohue, Timothy J. Currie, Cameron R. TI An Insect Herbivore Microbiome with High Plant Biomass-Degrading Capacity SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID LEAF-CUTTING ANTS; COMPARATIVE METAGENOMICS; BACTERIAL COMMUNITY; FUNGUS GARDENS; GUT MICROBIOME; SEQUENCE DATA; GENE; DATABASE; DIVERSITY; CELLULOSE AB Herbivores can gain indirect access to recalcitrant carbon present in plant cell walls through symbiotic associations with lignocellulolytic microbes. A paradigmatic example is the leaf-cutter ant (Tribe:Attini), which uses fresh leaves to cultivate a fungus for food in specialized gardens. Using a combination of sugar composition analyses, metagenomics, and whole-genome sequencing, we reveal that the fungus garden microbiome of leaf-cutter ants is composed of a diverse community of bacteria with high plant biomass-degrading capacity. Comparison of this microbiome's predicted carbohydrate-degrading enzyme profile with other metagenomes shows closest similarity to the bovine rumen, indicating evolutionary convergence of plant biomass degrading potential between two important herbivorous animals. Genomic and physiological characterization of two dominant bacteria in the fungus garden microbiome provides evidence of their capacity to degrade cellulose. Given the recent interest in cellulosic biofuels, understanding how large-scale and rapid plant biomass degradation occurs in a highly evolved insect herbivore is of particular relevance for bioenergy. C1 [Suen, Garret; Scott, Jarrod J.; Aylward, Frank O.; Adams, Sandra M.; Foster, Clifton E.; Pauly, Markus; Slater, Steven C.; Donohue, Timothy J.; Currie, Cameron R.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Suen, Garret; Scott, Jarrod J.; Aylward, Frank O.; Adams, Sandra M.; Donohue, Timothy J.; Currie, Cameron R.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI USA. [Scott, Jarrod J.; Currie, Cameron R.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Balboa, Ancon, Panama. [Tringe, Susannah G.; Barry, Kerrie W.; Goodwin, Lynne A.] Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Pinto-Tomas, Adrian A.] Univ Costa Rica, Dept Bioquim, Fac Med, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Pinto-Tomas, Adrian A.] Univ Costa Rica, Ctr Invest Estruct Microscopicas, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Foster, Clifton E.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Pauly, Markus] Michigan State Univ, Dept Energy, Plant Res Lab, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Weimer, Paul J.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Goodwin, Lynne A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA. [Bouffard, Pascal; Li, Lewyn] 454 Life Sci, Branford, CT USA. [Osterberger, Jolene; Harkins, Timothy T.] Roche Appl Sci, Roche Diagnost, Indianapolis, IN USA. RP Suen, G (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM currie@bact.wisc.edu RI Pauly, Markus/B-5895-2008; OI Pauly, Markus/0000-0002-3116-2198; Suen, Garret/0000-0002-6170-711X; Tringe, Susannah/0000-0001-6479-8427; Donohue, Timothy/0000-0001-8738-2467 FU DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center [DE-FC02-07ER64494]; National Science Foundation [DEB-0747002, MCB-0702025, MCB-0731822]; Smithsonian Institution Predoctoral Fellowship; Organization for Tropical Studies Research Fellowship; USDA-ARS [3655-41000-005-00D]; US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute; Office of Science of the US Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Roche Diagnostics FX This work was funded by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494) supporting GS, JJS, FOA, SMA, CEF, MP, SCS, TJD, and CRC. This work was also supported by the National Science Foundation grants DEB-0747002, MCB-0702025, and MCB-0731822 to CRC; a Smithsonian Institution Predoctoral Fellowship supporting JJS; an Organization for Tropical Studies Research Fellowship supporting AAP-T; and a USDA-ARS CRIS project 3655-41000-005-00D supporting PJW. The work conducted by the US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. This work was made possible by a small sequencing grant from Roche Diagnostics. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 62 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 11 U2 79 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7404 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 6 IS 9 AR e1001129 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001129 PG 14 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 656VM UT WOS:000282369200010 PM 20885794 ER PT J AU Stark, NM White, RH Mueller, SA Osswald, TA AF Stark, Nicole M. White, Robert H. Mueller, Scott A. Osswald, Tim A. TI Evaluation of various fire retardants for use in wood flour-polyethylene composites SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY LA English DT Article DE Wood-plastic composite; Fire retardants; Mechanical properties; Heat release rate; Oxygen index ID PLASTIC COMPOSITES AB Wood-plastic composites represent a growing class of materials used by the residential construction industry and the furniture industry. For some applications in these industries, the fire performance of the material must be known, and in some cases improved. However, the fire performance of wood-plastic composites is not well understood, and there is little information regarding the effectiveness of various fire retardants in the public domain. We used oxygen index and cone calorimeter tests to characterize the fire performance of wood flour-polyethylene composites, and compared the results with unfilled polyethylene and solid wood. We then evaluated the effect of five additive-type fire retardants on fire performance. Generally, magnesium hydroxide and ammonium polyphosphate improved the fire performance of WPCs the most while a bromine-based fire retardant and zinc borate improved fire performance the least. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Stark, Nicole M.; White, Robert H.; Mueller, Scott A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Osswald, Tim A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Stark, NM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM nstark@fs.fed.us NR 17 TC 72 Z9 83 U1 4 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-3910 J9 POLYM DEGRAD STABIL JI Polym. Degrad. Stabil. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 95 IS 9 BP 1903 EP 1910 DI 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.04.014 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 644IV UT WOS:000281369500060 ER PT J AU Anderson, PN Hume, ME Byrd, JA Hernandez, C Stevens, SM Stringfellow, K Caldwell, DJ AF Anderson, P. N. Hume, M. E. Byrd, J. A. Hernandez, C. Stevens, S. M. Stringfellow, K. Caldwell, D. J. TI Molecular analysis of Salmonella serotypes at different stages of commercial turkey processing SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; serotype; processing; polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis; denatured gradient gel electrophoresis ID GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; SPACER REGION; PCR; POULTRY; TYPHIMURIUM; PREVALENCE; AMPLIFICATION; FRAGMENTS AB Salmonella isolates were collected from 2 commercial turkey processing plants (A and B) located in different US geographical locations. Isolates recovered at different stages of processing were subjected to 2 genotype techniques [PAGE and denatured gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)] to determine their usefulness for Salmonella serotyping. Primers used for PCR amplification were to a highly conserved spacer region located between the 16S and 23S rDNA genes. Sampling sites at plant A were 1) postscald, 2) pre-inside-outside bird wash, 3) post-IOBW, and 4) postchill with 30, 44, 36, and 12 Salmonella isolates recovered, respectively. Plant B had an additional site and these locations were 1) prescald, 2) postscald, 3) pre-inside-outside bird wash, 4) post-IOBW, and 5) postchill with 16, 54, 24, 35, and 24 Salmonella isolates recovered, respectively. In plant A, 4 different Salmonella serotypes were identified: Derby, Hadar, Montevideo, and Senftenberg. In plant B, 10 serotypes were identified: Agona, Anatum, Brandenburg, Derby, Hadar, Meleagridis, Montevideo, Reading, Senftenberg, and Typhimurium. Salmonella Derby was predominant in plant A (83%), whereas Salmonella Typhimurium was the most common serotype recovered in plant B (39%). Genotype analyses of the Salmonella serotypes were expressed in dendrograms with comparisons interpreted as percentage similarity coefficients. Both PAGE and DGGE were able to distinguish serotype band patterns. However, DGGE was more discriminating than PAGE. Isolates of the same serotypes were grouped together on the dendrogram of band patterns generated by DGGE. In contrast, PAGE failed to group all like serotypes together on the corresponding dendrogram. The results of the study suggest that genotyping techniques can be very useful in discriminating Salmonella serotypes collected from the processing plant environment of commercial poultry production. These molecular techniques may offer more cost-effective means to identify Salmonella serotypes from large numbers of isolates and with more immediate results than those currently achieved with conventional typing techniques. C1 [Anderson, P. N.; Hernandez, C.; Stevens, S. M.; Stringfellow, K.; Caldwell, D. J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Anderson, P. N.; Hernandez, C.; Stevens, S. M.; Stringfellow, K.; Caldwell, D. J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Pathobiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Hume, M. E.; Byrd, J. A.] ARS, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Caldwell, DJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, 101 Kleberg Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM caldwell@poultry.tamu.edu NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 89 IS 9 BP 2030 EP 2037 DI 10.3382/ps.2009-00389 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 638LC UT WOS:000280895400029 PM 20709990 ER PT J AU Cason, JA Cox, NA Buhr, RJ Richardson, LJ AF Cason, J. A. Cox, N. A. Buhr, R. J. Richardson, L. J. TI Comparison of the statistics of Salmonella testing of chilled broiler chicken carcasses by whole-carcass rinse and neck skin excision SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Salmonella; whole-carcass rinse; neck skin; microbiological standard; chicken AB Whether a required Salmonella test series is passed or failed depends not only on the presence of the bacteria but also on the methods for taking samples, the methods for culturing samples, and the statistics associated with the sampling plan. The pass-fail probabilities of the 2-class attribute sampling plans used for testing chilled chicken carcasses in the United States and Europe were compared by calculation and simulation. Testing in the United States uses whole-carcass rinses (WCR), with a maximum number of 12 positives out of 51 carcasses in a test set. Those numbers were chosen so that a plant operating with a Salmonella prevalence of 20%, the national baseline result for broiler chicken carcasses, has an approximately 80% probability of passing a test set. The European Union requires taking neck skin samples of approximately 8.3 g each from 150 carcasses, with the neck skins cultured in pools of 3 and with 7 positives as the maximum passing score for a test set of 50 composite samples. For each of these sampling plans, binomial probabilities were calculated and 100,000 complete sampling sets were simulated using a random number generator in a spreadsheet. Calculations indicated that a 20% positive rate in WCR samples was approximately equivalent to an 11.42% positive rate in composite neck skin samples or a 3.96% positive rate in individual neck skin samples within a pool of 3. With 20% as the prevalence rate, 79.3% of the simulated WCR sets passed with 12 or fewer positive carcasses per set, very near the expected 80% rate. Under simulated European conditions, a Salmonella prevalence of 3.96% in individual neck skin samples yielded a passing rate of 79.1%. The 2 sampling plans thus have roughly equivalent outcomes if WCR samples have a Salmonella-positive rate of 20% and individual neck skin samples have a positive rate of 3.96%. Sampling and culturing methods must also be considered in comparing the different standards for Salmonella. C1 [Cason, J. A.; Cox, N. A.; Buhr, R. J.; Richardson, L. J.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. RP Cason, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM john.cason@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 89 IS 9 BP 2038 EP 2040 DI 10.3382/ps.2009-00478 PG 3 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 638LC UT WOS:000280895400030 PM 20709991 ER PT J AU Hunt, ER Gillham, JH Daughtry, CST AF Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr. Gillham, John H. Daughtry, Craig S. T. TI Improving Potential Geographic Distribution Models for Invasive Plants by Remote Sensing SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE AVIRIS; Euphorbia esula; hyperspectral remote sensing; Kappa analysis; leafy spurge; Weed Invasion Susceptibility Prediction model ID SPURGE EUPHORBIA-ESULA; MAPPING LEAFY SPURGE; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY; UNITED-STATES; SUITABILITY; PREDICTION; CLASSIFICATION; IMPACTS; ECOLOGY AB Remote sensing is used to map the actual distribution of some invasive plant species, such as leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.), whereas geospatial models are used to indicate the species' potential distribution over a landscape. Geographic data layers were acquired for Crook County, Wyoming, and the potential distribution of leafy spurge presence or absence were predicted with the use of the Weed Invasion Susceptibility Prediction (WISP) model. Hyperspectral imagery and field data were acquired in 1999 over parts of the study area. Leafy spurge presence or absence was classified with the use of the Spectral Angle Mapper with a 74% overall accuracy. However, the user accuracy was 93%, showing that where leafy spurge was indicated in the image, leafy spurge was usually found at that location. With the use of Kappa analysis, there was no agreement between WISP model predictions and either the field data or the classified hyperspectral image. Kappa analysis was then used to compare predictions based on single geographic data layers, to increase the power to detect subtle relationships between independent variables and leafy spurge distribution. The WISP model was revised for leafy spurge based on the remote-sensing analyses, and only a few variables contributed to predictions of leafy spurge distribution. The revised model had significantly increased accuracy, from 52.8% to 61.3% for the field data and from 30.4% to 80.3% for the hyperspectral image classification, primarily by reducing the areas predicted to have potential for invasion. It is generally more cost effective to deal with the initial stages of invasion by only a few plants, compared to an invasion that is large enough to be detected by remote sensing. By reducing the potential area for monitoring, management of invasive plants could be performed more efficiently by field crews. C1 [Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr.; Daughtry, Craig S. T.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Gillham, John H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Remote Sensing Applicat Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA. RP Hunt, ER (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Bldg 007 Room 104 BARC W,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Raymond.Hunt@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 18 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 63 IS 5 BP 505 EP 513 DI 10.2111/REM-D-09-00137.1 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 652SX UT WOS:000282031300002 ER PT J AU Sankey, TT Glenn, N Ehinger, S Boehm, A Hardegree, S AF Sankey, Temuulen Tsagaan Glenn, Nancy Ehinger, Sara Boehm, Alex Hardegree, Stuart TI Characterizing Western Juniper Expansion via a Fusion of Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper and Lidar Data SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Juniperus occidentalis; land-cover type; tree-ring analysis ID UNITED-STATES; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; VEGETATION COVER; NEW-MEXICO; IDAHO; PINYON; WOODLANDS; FOREST; CLASSIFICATION; IMAGERY AB Juniper encroachment into shrub steppe and grassland systems is one of the most prominent changes occurring in rangelands of western North America. Most studies on juniper change are conducted over small areas, although encroachment is occurring across large regions. Development of image-based methods to assess juniper encroachment over large areas would facilitate rapid monitoring and identification of priority areas for juniper management. In this study, we fused Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper and Light Detection and Ranging (lidar)-based juniper classifications to evaluate juniper expansion patterns in the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed of southwestern Idaho. Lidar applications for characterizing juniper encroachment attributes at finer scales were also explored. The fusion-based juniper classification model performed well (83% overall accuracy). A comparison of the resulting juniper presence/absence map to a 1965 vegetation cover map indicated 85% juniper expansion, which was consistent with tree-ring data. Comparisons of current and previous canopy-cover estimates also indicated an increase in juniper density within the historically mapped juniper distribution. Percent canopy cover of juniper varied significantly with land-cover types highlighting areas where intensive juniper management might be prioritized. C1 [Sankey, Temuulen Tsagaan; Glenn, Nancy; Ehinger, Sara] Idaho State Univ, Boise Ctr Aerosp Lab, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Boehm, Alex; Hardegree, Stuart] ARS, USDA, NW Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. RP Sankey, TT (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, Boise Ctr Aerosp Lab, 322 E Front St, Boise, ID 83712 USA. EM sankleki@isu.edu RI Glenn, Nancy/B-4491-2014 OI Glenn, Nancy/0000-0003-2124-7654 FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research Laboratory Physical Sciences Division [NA05OAR4601137]; Bureau of Land Management [DLA060249] FX Research was funded by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Earth System Research Laboratory Physical Sciences Division Grant NA05OAR4601137 and the Bureau of Land Management Owyhee Uplands Pilot Project (ISU-BLM Agreement DLA060249). NR 42 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 12 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 63 IS 5 BP 514 EP 523 DI 10.2111/REM-D-09-00181.1 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 652SX UT WOS:000282031300003 ER PT J AU Duniway, MC Herrick, JE Pyke, DA Toledo, DP AF Duniway, Michael C. Herrick, Jeffrey E. Pyke, David A. Toledo, David P. TI Assessing Transportation Infrastructure Impacts on Rangelands: Test of a Standard Rangeland Assessment Protocol SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE disturbance; indicators; off-highway vehicles; oil and gas; rangeland health; roads ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; SOIL AGGREGATE STABILITY; NATIONAL-MONUMENT; DESERT; RESTORATION; DISTURBANCE; HEALTH; ROADS; DEGRADATION; PLANT AB Linear disturbances associated with on-and off-road vehicle use on rangelands has increased dramatically throughout the world in recent decades. This increase is due to a variety of factors including increased availability of all-terrain vehicles, infrastructure development (oil, gas, renewable energy, and ex-urban), and recreational activities. In addition to the direct impacts of road development, the presence and use of roads may alter resilience of adjoining areas through indirect effects such as altered site hydrologic and eolian processes, invasive seed dispersal, and sediment transport. There are few standardized methods for assessing impacts of transportation-related land-use activities on soils and vegetation in arid and semi-arid rangelands. Interpreting Indicators of Rangeland Health (IIRH) is an internationally accepted qualitative assessment that is applied widely to rangelands. We tested the sensitivity of IIRH to impacts of roads, trails, and pipelines on adjacent lands by surveying plots at three distances from these linear disturbances. We performed tests at 16 randomly selected sites in each of three ecosystems (Northern High Plains, Colorado Plateau, and Chihuahuan Desert) for a total of 208 evaluation plots. We also evaluated the repeatability of IIRH when applied to road-related disturbance gradients. Finally, we tested extent of correlations between IIRH plot attribute departure classes and trends in a suite of quantitative indicators. Results indicated that the IIRH technique is sensitive to direct and indirect impacts of transportation activities with greater departure from reference condition near disturbances than far from disturbances. Trends in degradation of ecological processes detected with qualitative assessments were highly correlated with quantitative data. Qualitative and quantitative assessments employed in this study can be used to assess impacts of transportation features at the plot scale. Through integration with remote sensing technologies, these methods could also potentially be used to assess cumulative impacts of transportation networks at the landscape scale. C1 [Duniway, Michael C.; Herrick, Jeffrey E.] ARS, USDA, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Pyke, David A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Toledo, David P.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Duniway, MC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Jornada Expt Range, POB 30003,MSC 3JER, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM mduniway@nmsu.edu RI Toledo, David/A-9259-2010; OI Toledo, David/0000-0001-5162-4428; Duniway, Michael/0000-0002-9643-2785 FU Bureau of Land Management FX This work was funded by the Bureau of Land Management. NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 32 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 63 IS 5 BP 524 EP 536 DI 10.2111/REM-D-09-00176.1 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 652SX UT WOS:000282031300004 ER PT J AU Adiku, SGK Dunn, GH Ahuja, LR Gunter, S Bradford, J Garcia, L Andales, AA AF Adiku, S. G. K. Dunn, G. H. Ahuja, L. R. Gunter, S. Bradford, J. Garcia, L. Andales, A. A. TI Simulation of Sandsage-Bluestem Forage Growth Under Varying Stocking Rates SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE forage growth; modeling; soil compaction; stocking rate ID MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE; BULK-DENSITY; SOIL; VEGETATION; COMPACTION; RANGELANDS; WATER AB The effect of stocking rate on forage growth has attracted much research attention in forage science. Findings show that forage growth may be affected by stocking rate, and there is a consensus that high stocking rates lead to soil compaction, which could also in turn affect forage growth because of the changing soil hydrology and increased soil impedance to forage root penetration. In this study we used a modeling approach to investigate the effect of stocking rates on the growth of sand-bluestem forage at Fort Supply, Oklahoma. The GPFARM-Range model, which was originally developed and validated for Cheyenne, Wyoming, was recalibrated and enhanced to simulate soil compaction effects on forage growth at Fort Supply. Simulations without the consideration of soil compaction effects overestimated the forage growth under high stocking rate conditions (mean bias [MBE] = -591 kg . ha(-1)), and the agreement between the simulated and observed forage growth was poor (Willmott's d = 0.47). The implementation in the model of soil compaction effects associated with high stocking rates reduced the bias (MBE = -222 kg . ha(-1)) and improved the overall agreement between the observed and the simulated forage growth (d = 0.68). It was concluded that forage growth under increasing soil compaction could be predicted provided such sensitivities are included in forage growth models. C1 [Adiku, S. G. K.; Garcia, L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Ahuja, L. R.] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Gunter, S.; Bradford, J.] ARS, USDA, So Plains Range Res Stn, Ft Supply, OK 73801 USA. [Andales, A. A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crops, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Adiku, SGK (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM sadiku@mail.colostate.edu RI Andales, Allan/M-8328-2013 NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 63 IS 5 BP 546 EP 552 DI 10.2111/REM-D-09-00145.1 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 652SX UT WOS:000282031300006 ER PT J AU Butler, JL Wacker, SD AF Butler, Jack L. Wacker, Stefanie D. TI Lack of Native Vegetation Recovery Following Biological Control of Leafy Spurge SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE biological weed control; Euphorbia esula; exotic invasive; flea beetle; Northern Great Plains; restoration ecology ID BEETLES APHTHONA SPP.; MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE; EUPHORBIA-ESULA; FLEA BEETLES; INVASIVE PLANTS; BIOCONTROL AGENT; RESTORATION; RANGELAND; COMMUNITY; MANAGEMENT AB Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) is an aggressive exotic species that has been successfully suppressed in a variety of situations using classical biological control (flea beetles; Aphthona spp.). This 9-yr study investigated patterns of vegetation responses following significant reductions in leafy spurge cover and density by flea beetles in southeastern Montana. We hypothesized that the vegetation following leafy spurge suppression would be dominated by species and plant functional groups able to persist through heavy infestations. Flea beetles were first released in 1998, and by 2006 leafy spurge foliar cover was reduced 80% to 90% compared to 1998 values on both release and nonrelease plots. Although total cover of the resident vegetation, excluding leafy spurge, increased 72% to 88%, relative cover of the functional groups (native forbs, native sedges, native grasses, and non-native species) was similar among years and between release and nonrelease plots. Mean diversity and mean species richness values did not differ among years or between release and nonrelease plots (P < 0.05), but mean diversity on both release and nonrelease plots was significantly less than noninfested plots, although richness was similar (P < 0.05). Indicator species analysis revealed that non-native Poa spp. replaced leafy spurge as the dominant species on release and nonrelease plots. Conversely, noninfested plots contained a variety of native species with high indicator values. Although total abundance of the resident vegetation in 2006 was significantly greater than 1998, plant species composition and relative cover showed little change for the duration of the study. Failure of the native vegetation to recover to a community that approached nearby noninfested conditions may be attributed to a variety of interacting scenarios, some of which may be ameliorated by treating infestations as soon as possible to avoid long-term residual effects. C1 [Butler, Jack L.; Wacker, Stefanie D.] ARS, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forest & Grassland Res Lab, Rapid City, SD 57702 USA. RP Butler, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forest & Grassland Res Lab, 8221 S Highway 16, Rapid City, SD 57702 USA. EM jackbutler@fs.led.us FU US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service FX This research was funded in part by the US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, TEAM Leafy Spurge Project administered by the Northern Plains Agricultural Research Laboratory, Sidney, MT, and the US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. NR 59 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 21 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 63 IS 5 BP 553 EP 563 DI 10.2111/REM-D-09-00075.1 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 652SX UT WOS:000282031300007 ER PT J AU Davies, KW AF Davies, Kirk W. TI Revegetation of Medusahead-Invaded Sagebrush Steppe SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE annual grass invasion; fire-herbicide control; invasive plants; prescribed burning; sagebrush community restoration; Taeniatherum caput-medusae ID INVASIVE ALIEN PLANTS; TAENIATHERUM-CAPUT-MEDUSAE; VEGETATION CHARACTERISTICS; GREAT-BASIN; COMPETITION; SQUIRRELTAIL; GRASSES; FIRE; ESTABLISHMENT; COMMUNITIES AB Medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae [L.] Nevski) is an exotic annual grass invading western rangelands. Invasion by medusahead is problematic because it decreases livestock forage production, degrades wildlife habitat, reduces biodiversity, and increases fire frequency. Revegetation of medusahead-invaded sagebrush steppe is needed to increase ecosystem and economic productivity. Most efforts to revegetate medusahead-infested plant communities are unsuccessful because perennial bunchgrasses rarely establish after medusahead control. The effects of prescribed burning (spring or fall), fall imazapic application, and their combinations were evaluated for medusahead control and the establishment of seeded large perennial bunchgrasses. One growing season after treatments were applied, desert wheatgrass (Agropyron desertorum [Fisch. ex Link] Schult.) and squirreltail (Elymus elymoides [Raf.] Swezey) were drill seeded into treatment plots, except for the control treatment. Vegetation characteristics were measured for 2 yr postseeding (second and third year post-treatment). Medusahead was best controlled when prescribed burned and then treated with imazapic (P < 0.05). These treatments also had greater large perennial bunchgrass cover and density compared to other treatments (P < 0.05). The prescribed burned followed by imazapic application had greater than 10- and 8-fold more perennial bunchgrass cover and density than the control treatment, respectively. Prescribed burning, regardless of season, was not effective at controlling medusahead or promoting establishment of perennial bunchgrasses. The results of this study question the long-term effectiveness of using imazapic in revegetation efforts of medusahead-infested sagebrush steppe without first prescribed burning the infestation. Effective control of medusahead appears to be needed for establishment of seeded perennial bunchgrasses. The results of this study demonstrate that seeding desert wheatgrass and squirreltail can successfully revegetate rangeland infested with medusahead when medusahead has been controlled with prescribed fire followed by fall application of imazapic. C1 ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Davies, KW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM kirk.davies@oregonstate.edu FU US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service; Oregon State University Agricultural Experiment Station FX The author thanks Dustin Johnson, Aleta Nafus, Brett Bingham, Karl Hopkins, Shawna Lang, Josh Monson, Matt Coffman, Eric Hough, Julie Garner, Tate Walters, Elaine Cramer, Rachel Svejcar, Stacy McKnight Johnson, Carrie Cimo, Ryan Morgan, and Jen Trenary for their assistance in implementing and collecting data for this experiment. The author also appreciates the landowners who allowed this study to be conducted on their property. The author is grateful to Drs Chad Boyd and Brenda Smith for reviewing earlier versions of this manuscript. The Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center is jointly funded by the US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service and Oregon State University Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 45 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 23 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 63 IS 5 BP 564 EP 571 DI 10.2111/REM-D-09-00127.1 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 652SX UT WOS:000282031300008 ER PT J AU Carriazo, F Coulson, E AF Carriazo, Fernando Coulson, Edward TI A note on testing for spatial error components SO REGIONAL SCIENCE AND URBAN ECONOMICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd World Conference of the Spatial-Econometrics-Association (SEA) CY NOV, 2008 CL New York, NY SP Spatial Econom Assoc DE Spatial error components; LM test; Kelejian-Robinson test ID ECONOMETRICS AB The two tests for spatial error components are the Kelejian-Robinson (KR) test and the LM test developed by Anselin (2001). We develop a new form for the LM test which facilitates comparisons to the KR test, and show why the LM test is superior. We develop a second test in the spirit of KR which overcomes this particular shortcoming, but in fact incurs a second shortcoming which renders it inferior even to the original KR test. We discuss this failure as well. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Coulson, Edward] Penn State Univ, Dept Econ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Carriazo, Fernando] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Coulson, E (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Econ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM fyj@psu.edu NR 7 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0462 J9 REG SCI URBAN ECON JI Reg. Sci. Urban Econ. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 40 IS 5 SI SI BP 331 EP 335 DI 10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2009.08.001 PG 5 WC Economics; Environmental Studies; Urban Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies GA 644DB UT WOS:000281350500009 ER PT J AU Anderson, RL AF Anderson, Randy L. TI A rotation design to reduce weed density in organic farming SO RENEWABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE ecological processes; organic systems; systems design; weed population dynamics ID SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE; ESTABLISHED ALFALFA; MEDICAGO-SATIVA; CROP PRODUCTION; GREAT-PLAINS; NO-TILL; MANAGEMENT; HERBICIDES; NITROGEN; SYSTEMS AB Weeds are a major obstacle to successful crop production in organic farming. Producers may be able to reduce inputs for weed management by designing rotations to disrupt population dynamics of weeds. Population-based management in conventional farming has reduced herbicide use by 50% because weed density declines in cropland across time. In this paper, we suggest a 9-year rotation comprised of perennial forages and annual crops that will disrupt weed population growth and reduce weed density in organic systems. Lower weed density will also improve effectiveness of weed control tactics used for an individual crop. The rotation includes 3-year intervals of no-till, which will improve both weed population management and soil health. Even though this rotation has not been field tested, it provides an example of designing rotations to disrupt population dynamics of weeds. Also, producers may gain additional benefits of higher crop yield and increased nitrogen supply with this rotation design. C1 ARS, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Anderson, RL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM randy.anderson@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 16 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1742-1705 J9 RENEW AGR FOOD SYST JI Renew. Agr. Food Syst. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 25 IS 3 BP 189 EP 195 DI 10.1017/S1742170510000256 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 644UQ UT WOS:000281407200002 ER PT J AU Ayarza, M Huber-Sannwald, E Herrick, JE Reynolds, JF Garcia-Barrios, L Welchez, LA Lentes, P Pavon, J Morales, J Alvarado, A Pinedo, M Baquera, N Zelaya, S Pineda, R Amezquita, E Trejo, M AF Ayarza, Miguel Huber-Sannwald, Elisabeth Herrick, Jeffrey E. Reynolds, James F. Garcia-Barrios, Luis Welchez, Luis A. Lentes, Peter Pavon, Jellin Morales, Jairo Alvarado, Anabel Pinedo, Mario Baquera, Noemi Zelaya, Sergio Pineda, Rolando Amezquita, Edgar Trejo, Marco TI Changing human-ecological relationships and drivers using the Quesungual agroforestry system in western Honduras SO RENEWABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE agroforestry; Quesungual; QSMAS; Drylands Development Paradigm; DDP; Honduras; sustainability; interdisciplinary ID SLASH-AND-BURN; ALTERNATIVES; PERSPECTIVES; MANAGEMENT; AMERICA AB Development of sustainable agricultural production systems in the tropics is challenging in part because the local and external conditions that affect sustainability are constantly in flux. The Quesungual agroforestry system (QSMAS) was developed in response to these changing conditions. The history and potential future of the QSMAS provide an opportunity to consider the factors affecting small-scale agricultural production systems on marginal lands throughout the world. We evaluated the QSMAS in Honduras in the context of the five principles of the Drylands Development Paradigm (DDP) during three periods: pre-QSMAS, QSMAS adoption and the future. The first two periods provided lessons that could be relevant to other regions. The QSMAS system in Honduras must continue to evolve, if long-term benefits are to be realized. We conclude that while the DDP was a useful framework for systematically identifying the critical drivers and processes determining the sustainability of QSMAS in Honduras, it is ultimately no more able to predict the future than the collective knowledge of those who choose to apply it. The DDP, however, can facilitate the integration and application of knowledge. C1 [Ayarza, Miguel; Amezquita, Edgar] CIAT, Ctr Int Agr Trop, Trop Soil Biol & Fertil Program, Cali, Colombia. [Huber-Sannwald, Elisabeth] IPICYT, Div Environm Sci, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. [Herrick, Jeffrey E.] ARS, USDA Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM USA. [Reynolds, James F.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Garcia-Barrios, Luis] Univ Frontera Sur, ECOSUR, Chiapas, Mexico. [Welchez, Luis A.] FAO, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. [Lentes, Peter] CIAT, Forage Project, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. [Pavon, Jellin] INTA, Inst Nacl Tecnol Agropecuaria, Managua, Nicaragua. [Morales, Jairo] Agrarian Natl Univ, Fac Nat Resources Management, Managua, Nicaragua. [Baquera, Noemi] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Zelaya, Sergio] United Nations Convent Combat Desertificat, Bonn, Germany. [Trejo, Marco] DICTA, Direcc Ciencia & Tecnol Agropecuaria, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. RP Ayarza, M (reprint author), CORPOICA, Corp Invest Agroepecuaria, Bogota, Colombia. EM mayarza@corpoica.org.co; jherrick@nmsu.edu RI Reynolds, James/G-6364-2010; Trejo, Yesenia/D-9257-2012; Garcia Barrios, Luis /B-6470-2013; Huber-Sannwald, Elisabeth/D-2507-2009 OI Garcia Barrios, Luis /0000-0001-8227-7748; FU United States National Science Foundation [NSF-DEB-02-34186] FX We are grateful to Carlos Zelaya, German Flores and Edgardo Navarro of the FAO-Lempira Project for their comments and insights during the development of this paper. Thanks to Edwin Castro and Vilia Escober for taking care of details regarding travel and accommodation of the whole team when doing the field work. Finally, we express our gratitude to all producers and directors of the Institutos Tecnicos Comunitarios at Candelaria and Guarita for their enthusiasm and interest in the application of DDP in the region. Their comments were invaluable. Funding for this publication and an associated workshop was provided by a United States National Science Foundation grant to ARIDnet (NSF-DEB-02-34186). The manuscript also benefited from earlier research and development efforts supported by the FAO and CIAT. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 16 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1742-1705 J9 RENEW AGR FOOD SYST JI Renew. Agr. Food Syst. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 25 IS 3 BP 219 EP 227 DI 10.1017/S1742170510000074 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 644UQ UT WOS:000281407200005 ER PT J AU Peppin, DL Fule, PZ Lynn, JC Mottek-Lucas, AL Sieg, CH AF Peppin, Donna L. Fule, Peter Z. Lynn, Janet C. Mottek-Lucas, Anne L. Sieg, Carolyn Hull TI Market Perceptions and Opportunities for Native Plant Production on the Southern Colorado Plateau SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE local genotype; market perception differences; native plant market; native plant policy; web-based survey ID OUTBREEDING DEPRESSION; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; UNITED-STATES; WILDFIRE; DISTURBANCE; VEGETATION; FORESTS; CLIMATE AB Increases in revegetation activities have created a large demand for locally adapted native plant materials (NPM) in the southwestern United States. Currently, there is a minimal supply of local genotypes to meet this demand. We investigated the potential for the initiation of a native plant market in the southern Colorado Plateau. Through a literature search, interviews, and site visits, we identified existing native plant markets outside of the region as useful models to help initiate a regional market. We used web-based surveys to identify and analyze current and future NPM needs and concerns. Survey results indicate that management policy strongly drives decisions regarding the use and purchase of NPM. From a demand perspective , lack of availability and cost of NPM has kept purchasing minimal, despite policy changes favoring the use of natives. For suppliers, further development of NPM is limited by inconsistent and unreliable demand and lack of production knowledge. The knowledge and tools necessary to initiate an NPM market are available, but inadequate funding sources and insufficient information sharing hinder its development. Communication among producers, land managers, buyers, and researchers, as well as partnerships with local growers, appear to be vital to initiating a functional market. C1 [Peppin, Donna L.; Fule, Peter Z.; Lynn, Janet C.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Peppin, Donna L.; Fule, Peter Z.; Lynn, Janet C.] Ecol Restorat Inst, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Lynn, Janet C.] Ecol Monitoring & Assessment Program & Fdn, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Mottek-Lucas, Anne L.] Mottek Consulting LLC, Flagstaff, AZ 86002 USA. [Sieg, Carolyn Hull] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Peppin, DL (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM donna.peppin@nau.edu FU Northern Arizona University's Environmental, Research, Development, and Education for the New Economy (ERDENE) Initiative; Ecological Monitoring & Assessment Program Foundation FX This research was supported by a grant from Northern Arizona University's Environmental, Research, Development, and Education for the New Economy (ERDENE) Initiative. We would like to thank Bill Auberle and the Ecological Monitoring & Assessment Program & Foundation for their support. Finally, we are grateful to the native plant industry and natural resource professionals who shared their insights. NR 59 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1061-2971 J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 18 SU 1 BP 113 EP 124 DI 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2010.00656.x PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 648TN UT WOS:000281717200013 ER PT J AU Morris, AEL Goebel, PC Palik, BJ AF Morris, Arthur E. L. Goebel, P. Charles Palik, Brian J. TI SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF LARGE WOOD JAMS IN STREAMS RELATED TO STREAM-VALLEY GEOMORPHOLOGY AND FOREST AGE IN NORTHERN MICHIGAN SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE K-function; linear distribution; ecological restoration; woody debris ID OLD-GROWTH; DEBRIS; RECRUITMENT; LANDSCAPES; DYNAMICS; PATTERNS; INSTREAM AB Geomorphology at the scale of stream valleys influences smaller scale processes that give rise to spatially distributed patches, including large wood jams (LWJ) in streams. Understanding the spatial distribution of LWJ along streams with reference to large-scale geomorphology is valuable for understanding stream and riparian interactions, and may be critical for effective stream management and restoration. We surveyed the locations of LWJ along 18 stream segments within study areas defined by stream-valley geomorphology. The objective of this study was to test the prediction that LWJ in this system will be aggregated in areas defined by stream-valley geomorphology, but be randomly distributed at smaller scales. The spatial distribution of LWJ was analysed by a one-dimensional K-function analysis capable of detecting aggregated, random and segregated patterns at different scales. The prediction that LWJ aggregate in areas defined by stream-valley geomorphology was supported: LWJ aggregated at scales up to several kilometres in three streams. LWJ also was segregated at smaller scales in two of these streams; this was detectable when several stream valley segments were considered together. The prediction that LWJ would be randomly distributed at smaller scales was supported at most smaller scales for most streams. In fact, 40% of individual stream valley segments contained LWJ that were randomly distributed at all scales. Twenty-seven per cent of individual stream valley segments showed segregated LWJ distributions. Large-scale aggregation of LWJ evidences the need to select reference reaches that encompass several geomorphic patches at the scale of the stream valley. Segregated patterns of LWJ distributions evidence opportunities to better understand the relationships between hydraulic systems, material transport dynamics and riparian forests. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Morris, Arthur E. L.; Goebel, P. Charles] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Palik, Brian J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. RP Goebel, PC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM goebel.11@osu.edu RI Goebel, Patrick/B-3657-2012 FU USDA; USDA Forest Service; Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC); Ohio State University FX Financial support for this study was provided by a grant from the USDA National Research Initiative Program, the USDA Forest Service, the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), and The Ohio State University. The authors thank the Bessemer and Ontonagon Ranger Districts of the USDA Forest Service, the Michigan Division of Natural Resources and the Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park. The authors thank Noel Cressie who provided helpful statistical insight early in the analysis. They also thank the many individuals who helped with the collection of data, including Mark Morris, Marianne Sonntag, Rebekah Andrus and Heather McKnight. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1535-1459 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 26 IS 7 BP 835 EP 847 DI 10.1002/rra.1297 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 653HF UT WOS:000282079300004 ER PT J AU Moll, S Schneider, DJ Stodghill, P Myers, CR Cartinhour, SW Filiatrault, MJ AF Moll, Simon Schneider, David J. Stodghill, Paul Myers, Christopher R. Cartinhour, Samuel W. Filiatrault, Melanie J. TI Construction of an rsmX co- variance model and identification of five rsmX non-coding RNAs in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 SO RNA BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rsm; ncRNA; small RNA; GacA; Pseudomonas syringae ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FLUORESCENS CHA0; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; REGULATORY RNA; MOLECULE CSRB; PROTEIN CSRA; BIOCONTROL; AERUGINOSA; SYSTEM; GENES AB Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are important components of many regulatory pathways and have key roles in regulating diverse functions. In the Pseudomonads, the two-component system, GacA/S, directly regulates at least two well-characterized ncRNAs, RsmZ and RsmY, which act by sequestration of translation repressor proteins to control expression of various exoproducts. Pseudomonas fluorescens CHA0 possesses a third ncRNA, RsmX, which also participates in this regulatory pathway. In this study we confirmed expression of five rsmX ncRNAs in Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, and determined the distribution of the members of the rsmX ncRNA family by screening available genomic sequences of the Pseudomonads. Variable numbers of the rsmX family exist in Pseudomonas genomes, with up to five paralogs in Pseudomonas syringae strains. In Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000, the rsmX genes are 112 to 120 nucleotides in size and are predicted by structural analysis to contain multiple exposed GGA motifs, which is consistent with structural features of the Rsm ncRNAs. We also found that these rsmX ncRNA genes share a conserved upstream region suggesting that their expression is dependent upon the global response regulator, GacA. C1 [Moll, Simon; Schneider, David J.; Stodghill, Paul; Cartinhour, Samuel W.; Filiatrault, Melanie J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Myers, Christopher R.] Cornell Univ, Computat Biol Serv Unit, Life Sci Core Labs Ctr, Ithaca, NY USA. [Myers, Christopher R.] Cornell Univ, Atom & Solid State Phys Lab, Ithaca, NY USA. [Schneider, David J.; Stodghill, Paul; Cartinhour, Samuel W.; Filiatrault, Melanie J.] ARS, Plant Microbe Interact Res Unit, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Filiatrault, MJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM melanie.filiatrault@ars.usda.gov RI Schneider, David/H-2236-2012 OI Schneider, David/0000-0002-2124-8385 NR 33 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 8 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1547-6286 J9 RNA BIOL JI RNA Biol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 7 IS 5 BP 508 EP 516 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 735YK UT WOS:000288456500001 PM 21060253 ER PT J AU Zakharenkova, TS Aver'yanov, AA Pasechnik, TD Lapikova, VP Baker, CJ AF Zakharenkova, T. S. Aver'yanov, A. A. Pasechnik, T. D. Lapikova, V. P. Baker, C. J. TI Release of elicitors from rice blast spores under the action of reactive oxygen species SO RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Magnaporthe grisea; Oryza sativa; hydrogen peroxide; superoxide radical; elicitors ID INVOLVEMENT; RESISTANCE; PLANTS; LEAF AB Effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the release of putative elicitors from spores of rice blast causal fungus Magnaporthe grisea (Hebert) Barr were studied. While studying the influence of exogenous ROS, the spores were germinated for 5 h in the presence of 50 mu M H(2)O(2) and then treated with catalase to decompose hydrogen peroxide. The spore germination fluid was then boiled to inactivate catalase. When the resulting diffusate was applied onto rice (Oryza sativa L.) leaves, it caused necroses and stimulated superoxide (O (2) (-) ) production. Both effects were observed with the resistant rice cultivar but not with the cultivar susceptible to the fungal strain. The susceptible cultivar did not acquire resistance to challenge with fungal spores, which were applied one day after the treatment. The fractionation of the spore diffusate showed that both low- and high-molecular compounds (mol wt < 3 kD and > 3 kD, respectively) should be present in combination to induce O (2) (-) production by leaves. The diffusates from spores germinated in water also caused necroses and stimulated O (2) (-) generation, though to a weaker extent than diffusates from spores germinated in H(2)O(2). The effect of diffusates from spores germinated in water was abolished by catalase or superoxide dismutase added initially to the spore suspension. The results suggest that germinating spores of M. grisea are able to release elicitors and this ability depends on ROS formation by spores. Presumably, the yield of elicitors is increased additionally if fungus M. grisea is stressed or subjected to exogenous ROS. The described phenomena may be involved in incompatibility mechanisms. C1 [Zakharenkova, T. S.; Aver'yanov, A. A.; Pasechnik, T. D.; Lapikova, V. P.] Russian Acad Agr Sci, All Russia Res Inst Phytopathol, Vyazemskii 143050, Moscow Oblast, Russia. [Baker, C. J.] ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Zakharenkova, TS (reprint author), Russian Acad Agr Sci, All Russia Res Inst Phytopathol, Vyazemskii 143050, Moscow Oblast, Russia. EM aaveryanov@post.ru FU Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture through mediation of the International Science and Technology Center [2682p] FX The work was supported by Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture through mediation of the International Science and Technology Center (grant no. 2682p). NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1021-4437 J9 RUSS J PLANT PHYSL+ JI Russ. J. Plant Physiol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 57 IS 5 BP 615 EP 619 DI 10.1134/S1021443710050031 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 646MB UT WOS:000281543600003 ER PT J AU Tabassum, S Ashraf, M Chen, XM AF Tabassum, Sobia Ashraf, Muhammad Chen XianMing TI Evaluation of Pakistan wheat germplasms for stripe rust resistance using molecular markers SO SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE field evaluation; genetic diversity; greenhouse evaluation; Pakistan wheat germplasms; stripe rust ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE; RED SPRING WHEAT; WILD EMMER WHEAT; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; YELLOW RUST; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; COMMON WHEAT AB Wheat production in Pakistan is seriously constrained due to rust diseases and stripe rust (yellow) caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, which could limit yields. Thus development and cultivation of genetically diverse and resistant varieties is the most sustainable solution to overcome these diseases. The first objective of the present study was to evaluate 100 Pakistan wheat cultivars that have been grown over the past 60 years. These cultivars were inoculated at the seedling stage with two virulent stripe rust isolates from the United States and two from Pakistan. None of the wheat cultivars were resistant to all tested stripe rust isolates, and 16% of cultivars were susceptible to the four isolates at the seedling stage. The data indicated that none of the Pakistan wheat cultivars contained either Yr5 or Yr15 genes that were considered to be effective against most P. striiformis f. sp. tritici isolates from around the world. Several Pakistan wheat cultivars may have gene Yr10, which is effective against isolate PST-127 but ineffective against PST-116. It is also possible that these cultivars may have other previously unidentified genes or gene combinations. The second objective was to evaluate the 100 Pakistan wheat cultivars for stripe rust resistance during natural epidemics in Pakistan and Washington State, USA. It was found that a higher frequency of resistance was present under field conditions compared with greenhouse conditions. Thirty genotypes (30% of germplasms) were found to have a potentially high temperature adult plant (HTAP) resistance. The third objective was to determine the genetic diversity in Pakistan wheat germplasms using molecular markers. This study was based on DNA fingerprinting using resistance gene analog polymorphism (RGAP) marker analysis. The highest polymorphism detected with RGAP primer pairs was 40%, 50% and 57% with a mean polymorphism of 36%. A total of 22 RGAP markers were obtained in this study. RGAP, simple sequence repeat (SSR) and sequence tagged site (STS) markers were used to determine the presence and absence of some important stripe rust resistance genes, such as Yr5, Yr8, Yr9, Yr15 and Yr18. Of the 60 cultivars analyzed, 17% of cultivars showed a RGAP marker band for Yr9 and 12% of cultivars exhibited the Yr18 marker band. No marker band was detected for Yr5, Yr8 and Yr15, indicating a likely absence of these genes in the tested Pakistan wheat cultivars. Cluster analysis based on molecular and stripe rust reaction data is useful in identifying considerable genetic diversity among Pakistan wheat cultivars. The resistant germplasms identified with 22 RGAP markers and from the resistance evaluations should be useful in developing new wheat cultivars with stripe rust resistance. C1 [Ashraf, Muhammad] Natl Univ Sci & Technol, Ctr Virol & Immunol, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Tabassum, Sobia] Int Islamic Univ, Dept Biotechnol & Bioinformat, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Chen XianMing] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen XianMing] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Ashraf, M (reprint author), Natl Univ Sci & Technol, Ctr Virol & Immunol, H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan. EM ashrafjahanian@yahoo.com FU Higher Education Commission Pakistan, through the Pak-US research initiative [2-108/HEC/2006] FX This work was supported by the financial from the Higher Education Commission Pakistan, through the Pak-US research initiative (Grant No. 2-108/HEC/2006). NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU SCIENCE PRESS PI BEIJING PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1674-7305 J9 SCI CHINA LIFE SCI JI Sci. China-Life Sci. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 53 IS 9 BP 1123 EP 1134 DI 10.1007/s11427-010-4052-y PG 12 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 658GW UT WOS:000282479500010 PM 21104373 ER PT J AU Pelletier, MG Viera, JA Wanjura, J Holt, G AF Pelletier, Mathew G. Viera, Joseph A. Wanjura, John Holt, Greg TI Accurate Permittivity Measurements for Microwave Imaging via Ultra-Wideband Removal of Spurious Reflectors SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE ultra-wideband; uwb; microwave imaging; permittivity; moisture sensing; hidden object detection ID PERFECTLY MATCHED LAYER; FDTD SOLUTION; SCATTERING AB The use of microwave imaging is becoming more prevalent for detection of interior hidden defects in manufactured and packaged materials. In applications for detection of hidden moisture, microwave tomography can be used to image the material and then perform an inverse calculation to derive an estimate of the variability of the hidden material, such internal moisture, thereby alerting personnel to damaging levels of the hidden moisture before material degradation occurs. One impediment to this type of imaging occurs with nearby objects create strong reflections that create destructive and constructive interference, at the receiver, as the material is conveyed past the imaging antenna array. In an effort to remove the influence of the reflectors, such as metal bale ties, research was conducted to develop an algorithm for removal of the influence of the local proximity reflectors from the microwave images. This research effort produced a technique, based upon the use of ultra-wideband signals, for the removal of spurious reflections created by local proximity reflectors. This improvement enables accurate microwave measurements of moisture in such products as cotton bales, as well as other physical properties such as density or material composition. The proposed algorithm was shown to reduce errors by a 4:1 ratio and is an enabling technology for imaging applications in the presence of metal bale ties. C1 [Pelletier, Mathew G.; Wanjura, John; Holt, Greg] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Viera, Joseph A.] Sensors Grp Microsemi Corp, Lowell, MA 01851 USA. RP Pelletier, MG (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. EM Mathew.Pelletier@ars.usda.gov; jviera@microsemi.com; John.Wanjura@ars.usda.gov; Greg.Holt@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD SEP PY 2010 VL 10 IS 9 BP 8491 EP 8503 DI 10.3390/s100908491 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 655BY UT WOS:000282218800037 PM 22163668 ER PT J AU Parker, DB Perschbacher-Buser, ZL Cole, NA Koziel, JA AF Parker, David B. Perschbacher-Buser, Zena L. Cole, N. Andy Koziel, Jacek A. TI Recovery of Agricultural Odors and Odorous Compounds from Polyvinyl Fluoride Film Bags SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE odor sampling; gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; Tedlar; volatile fatty acid; odor detection threshold; volatile organic compound; single-compound odor threshold; animal feeding operation; odor activity value ID SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; VOLATILE FATTY-ACIDS; SAMPLING BAGS; OLFACTOMETRY; ODORANTS; AIR; IDENTIFICATION; TUBES; BIAS AB Accurate sampling methods are necessary when quantifying odor and volatile organic compound emissions at agricultural facilities. The commonly accepted methodology in the U. S. has been to collect odor samples in polyvinyl fluoride bags (PVF, brand name Tedlar (R)) and, subsequently, analyze with human panelists using dynamic triangular forced-choice olfactometry. The purpose of this research was to simultaneously quantify and compare recoveries of odor and odorous compounds from both commercial and homemade PVF sampling bags. A standard gas mixture consisting of p-cresol (40 mu g m(-3)) and seven volatile fatty acids: acetic (2,311 mu g m(-3)), propionic (15,800 mu g m(-3)), isobutyric (1,686 mu g m(-3)), butyric (1,049 mu g m(-3)), isovaleric (1,236 mu g m(-3)), valeric (643 mu g m(-3)), and hexanoic (2,158 mu g m(-3)) was placed in the PVF bags at times of 1 h, 1 d, 2 d, 3 d, and 7 d prior to compound and odor concentration analyses. Compound concentrations were quantified using sorbent tubes and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Odor concentration, intensity, and hedonic tone were measured using a panel of trained human subjects. Compound recoveries ranged from 2 to 40% after 1 h and 0 to 14% after 7 d. Between 1 h and 7 d, odor concentrations increased by 45% in commercial bags, and decreased by 39% in homemade bags. Minimal changes were observed in intensity and hedonic tone over the same time period. These results suggest that PVF bags can bias individual compound concentrations and odor as measured by dynamic triangular forced-choice olfactometry. C1 [Parker, David B.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Perschbacher-Buser, Zena L.] Adams State Coll, Alamosa, CO 81102 USA. [Cole, N. Andy] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Koziel, Jacek A.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Parker, DB (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM david.parker@ars.usda.gov; zenabuser@adams.edu; andy.cole@ars.usda.gov; koziel@iastate.edu RI Koziel, Jacek/B-5483-2014 OI Koziel, Jacek/0000-0002-2387-0354 NR 51 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 19 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD SEP PY 2010 VL 10 IS 9 BP 8536 EP 8552 DI 10.3390/s100908536 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 655BY UT WOS:000282218800040 PM 22163671 ER PT J AU Ahuja, LR Ma, L Green, TR AF Ahuja, L. R. Ma, L. Green, T. R. TI Effective Soil Properties of Heterogeneous Areas For Modeling Infiltration and Redistribution SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID STEADY-STATE FLOW; SPATIALLY-VARIABLE FIELDS; HYDRAULIC-PROPERTIES; UNSATURATED FLOW; TEXTURAL CLASSES; WATER; VARIABILITY; PARAMETERS; EQUATION; EVAPORATION AB Field-scale infiltration, soil water, and solute transport models require spatially averaged "effective" soil hydraulic parameters to represent the average flux and storage. The values of these effective parameters vary for different conditions and processes. The objective of this study was to explore some effective parameter sets to describe field-average infiltration and redistribution under different rainfall conditions. We investigated whether an effective field saturated hydraulic conductivity, K(s,eff), and correlated hydraulic parameters derived from matching early-stage average ponded infiltration could give reasonable results for infiltration under lower rainfall rates as well as for soil water redistribution. The results of this Effective Parameter Set 1 (EPS-1) were compared with those of two other parameter sets: EPS-2, where the same K(s,eff) was combined with other hydraulic parameters that were arithmetic mean values of the component soils in the field; and EPS-3, where all parameters were arithmetic mean values. The RZWQM2 model was used to explore these objectives for five different cases of a heterogeneous field, comparing results from effective properties with weighted mean values of component soils at four different rainfall intensities. The mean absolute error for infiltration generally increased with decreasing rain intensity but were generally least with EPS-1 and greatest with EPS-3. The EPS-1 gave good results for infiltration up to 4 h; however, it gave poor results for the mean soil water content distributions 7 d after infiltration. The EPS-2 gave reasonable results for both cumulative infiltration and soil water redistribution. The study confirms that an optimal EPS must strike a balance between infiltration and redistribution. For infiltration, computing K(s,eff) was critical, and this needed to be combined with mean values of water retention parameters for redistribution. C1 [Ahuja, L. R.; Ma, L.; Green, T. R.] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Ahuja, LR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM laj.ahuja@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 12 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 74 IS 5 BP 1469 EP 1482 DI 10.2136/sssaj2010.0073 PG 14 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 650BS UT WOS:000281823100005 ER PT J AU Sainju, UM Stevens, WB Caesar-TonThat, T Jabro, JD AF Sainju, Upendra M. Stevens, William B. Caesar-TonThat, Thecan Jabro, Jalal D. TI Land Use and Management Practices Impact on Plant Biomass Carbon and Soil Carbon Dioxide Emission SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL BIOMASS; CROPPING SYSTEMS; GREAT-PLAINS; TILLAGE; NITROGEN; FLUXES; RESPIRATION; IRRIGATION; INTENSITY; ROTATIONS AB Land use and management practices may influence plant C inputs and soil CO(2) emission. We evaluated the effect of a combination of irrigation, tillage, cropping system, and N fertilization on plant biomass C, soil temperature and water content at the 0- to 15-cm depth, and CO(2) emission in a sandy loam soil from April to October, 2006 to 2008, in western North Dakota. Treatments were two irrigation practices (irrigated and unirrigated) and six cropping systems (conventional-tilled malt barley [Hordeum vulgare L.] with N fertilizer [CTBFN], conventional-tilled malt barley with no N fertilizer [CTBON], no-tilled malt barley pea [Pisum sativum L.] with N fertilizer [NTB-PN], no-tilled malt barley with N fertilizer [NTBFN], no-tilled malt barley with no N fertilizer [NTBON], and no-tilled Conservation Reserve Program [NTCRP]). Plant biomass C was greater in NTBFN than in NTBON in 2006 and 2007 but was greater in NTB-PN than in CTBON, NTBON, or NTCRP in 2008. Soil temperature was greater but water content was lower in NTCRP than in CTBFN and NTBFN. Soil CO(2) fix peaked immediately following heavy rain or irrigation (>15 mm). Total CO(2) flux from April to October was greater in the irrigated than in the unirrigated practice and greater in NTCRP than in annual cropping systems. Soil CO(2) emission was probably related more to soil temperature and water content or tillage than to aboveground plant C input. Because of reduced CO(2) flux compared with CTBON and NTCRP but similar biomass yield as NTBFN and CTBFN, NTB-PN may be used to reduce CO(2) emission from croplands in the northern Great Plains. C1 [Sainju, Upendra M.; Stevens, William B.; Caesar-TonThat, Thecan; Jabro, Jalal D.] ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Sainju, UM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM upendra.sainju@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 17 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 74 IS 5 BP 1613 EP 1622 DI 10.2136/sssaj2009.0447 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 650BS UT WOS:000281823100020 ER PT J AU Wuest, SB AF Wuest, Stewart B. TI Tillage Depth and Timing Effects on Soil Water Profiles in Two Semiarid Soils SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WINTER-WHEAT; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; USE EFFICIENCY; GREAT-PLAINS; HEAT-FLUX; FALLOW; EVAPORATION; SYSTEMS; TEMPERATURE; MANAGEMENT AB A 2-yr winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-fallow rotation continues to be the most common cropping system in much of the US. Pacific Northwest. The sustainability of soils in the region depends on our ability to halt or greatly reduce wind and water erosion. An incomplete understanding of how tilled summer fallow preserves seed-zone moisture for timely fall crop establishment has slowed efforts to optimize tillage techniques for creating profitable and erosion-resistant systems, This 2-yr study created a series of soil mulches at two sites representing major soils in the region. It was found that timing and depth of mulch creation had consistent effects at all four site-years. Tillage performed in mid-June to depths of 10 and 15 cm preserved up to 0.01 kg kg(-1) greater water content than no or 5-cm tillage, an amount of water that can make substantial differences in the germination of winter wheat. The later or shallower tillage treatments produced water contents similar to zero tillage below the 15-cm depth. Temperature profiles at 1-cm resolution demonstrated different shapes under different mulch treatments, which may prove useful in making quick mulch performance comparisons in the field. To optimize the timing and depth of summer fallow tillage, it will be necessary to characterize spring water storage plus the potential for end-of-summer water storage for each soil type. C1 USDA ARS, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. RP Wuest, SB (reprint author), USDA ARS, POB 370, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. EM Stewart.Wuest@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 10 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 74 IS 5 BP 1701 EP 1711 DI 10.2136/sssaj2010.0046 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 650BS UT WOS:000281823100030 ER PT J AU Mikha, MM Benjamin, JG Vigil, MF Nielson, DC AF Mikha, Maysoon M. Benjamin, Joseph G. Vigil, Merle F. Nielson, David C. TI Cropping Intensity Impacts on Soil Aggregation and Carbon Sequestration in the Central Great Plains SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-MATTER; NO-TILLAGE; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; NITROGEN; SYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; FRACTIONS; RETENTION; DYNAMICS; STORAGE AB The predominant cropping system in the Central Great Plains is conventional tillage (CT) winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-summer fallow. We investigated the effect of 15 yr of cropping intensities, fallow frequencies, and tillage (CT and no-till [NT]) practices on soil organic C (SOC) sequestration, particulate organic matter (POM), and wet aggregate-size distribution. A crop rotation study was initiated in 1990 at Akron, CO, on a silt loam. In 2005, soil samples were collected from the 0- to 5- and 5- to 15-cm depths in permanent grass, native prairie, and cropping intensities (CI) that included winter wheat, corn (Zea mays L.), proso millet (Panicum miliaceum L.), dry pea (Pisum sativum L.), and summer fallow. The native prairie was sampled to provide a reference point for changes in soil parameters. The most intensive crop rotation significantly increased C sequestration compared with the other CIs where fallow occurred once every 2 or 3 yr. Legume presence in the rotation did not improve SOC sequestration relative to summer fallow. Significant amounts of macroaggregates were associated with grass and intensive cropping compared with the rotations that included fallow. Reduced fallow frequency and continuous cropping significantly increased soil POM near the surface compared with NT wheat fallow. Macroaggregates exhibited a significant positive relationship with SOC and POM. A significant negative correlation was observed between microaggregates and POM, especially at 0- to 5-cm depth. Overall, a positive effect of continuous cropping and NT was observed on macroaggregate formation and stabilization as well as SOC and POM. C1 [Mikha, Maysoon M.; Benjamin, Joseph G.; Vigil, Merle F.; Nielson, David C.] USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, Akron, CO 80720 USA. RP Mikha, MM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, 40335 Co Rd GG, Akron, CO 80720 USA. EM Maysoon.Mikha@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service FX This publication is based on work supported by the Agricultural Research Service and recently partially supported under the ARS GRACEnet Project. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 29 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 74 IS 5 BP 1712 EP 1719 DI 10.2136/sssaj2009.0335 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 650BS UT WOS:000281823100031 ER PT J AU Mamedov, AI Wagner, LE Huang, C Norton, LD Levy, GJ AF Mamedov, A. I. Wagner, L. E. Huang, C. Norton, L. D. Levy, G. J. TI Polyacrylamide Effects on Aggregate and Structure Stability of Soils with Different Clay Mineralogy SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ARID-ZONE SOILS; WATER-QUALITY; SEAL FORMATION; ANIONIC POLYACRYLAMIDE; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; PRECIPITATED ALUMINUM; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; IRON HYDROXIDES; ORGANIC-MATTER AB Adding anionic polyacrylamide (PAM) to soils stabilizes existing aggregates and improves bonding between and aggregation of soil particles. However, the dependence of PAM efficacy as an aggregate stabilizing agent with soils having different clay mineralogy has not been studied. Sixteen soil samples (loam or clay) with predominantly smectitic, illitic, or kaolinitic clay mineralogy were studied. We measured aggregate sensitivity to slaking in soils that were untreated or treated with an anionic high-molecular-weight PAM using the high energy moisture characteristic (HEMC) method and deionized water. The index for aggregate susceptibility to slaking, termed stability ratio (SR), was obtained from quantifying differences in the water retention curves at a matric potential range of 0 to -5.0 J kg(-1) for the treatments studied. For the untreated soils, the SR ranged widely from 0.24 to 0.80 and generally SR of kaolinitic > illitic > smectitic soils. The SR of PAM-treated aggregates exhibited a narrow range from 0.70 to 0.94. The efficiency of PAM in improving aggregate and structural stability relative to untreated soils ranged from 1.01 to 3.90 and the relative SR of kaolinitic < illitic < smectitic samples. These results suggest that the less stable the aggregates the greater the effectiveness of PAM in increasing aggregates stability (i.e., smectitic vs. kaolinitic samples). The effectiveness of PAM in improving structure and aggregate stability was directly related to clay activity and to soil conditions affecting PAM adsorption (e.g., electrolyte resources, pH, and exchangeable cations) to the soil particles and inversely to the inherent aggregate stability. C1 [Mamedov, A. I.; Wagner, L. E.] USDA ARS, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Huang, C.; Norton, L. D.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Levy, G. J.] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Inst Soil Water & Environm Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. RP Mamedov, AI (reprint author), USDA ARS, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM amrakh@weru.ksu.edu NR 70 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 32 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 74 IS 5 BP 1720 EP 1732 DI 10.2136/sssaj2009.0279 PG 13 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 650BS UT WOS:000281823100032 ER PT J AU Zhu, Q Lin, H Doolittle, J AF Zhu, Qing Lin, Henry Doolittle, James TI Repeated Electromagnetic Induction Surveys for Determining Subsurface Hydrologic Dynamics in an Agricultural Landscape SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; WATER-CONTENT; PRECISION AGRICULTURE; TEMPORAL STABILITY; MOISTURE PATTERNS; DEPTH; CATCHMENT; ACCURACY; FIELD; CROP AB Repeated electromagnetic induction (EMI) surveys have merits of revealing temporal changes in heterogeneous soilscapes such as subsurface hydrologic dynamics. We conducted eight repeated EMI surveys from 1997 to 2009 over a 19.5-ha agricultural field that revealed soil and water patterns. The first two surveys were done in 1997 and 2006 and compared different EMI meters (EM38, EM31, and Dualem-2), dipole orientations, and geometries. Another six surveys were conducted in different seasons in 2008 to 2009 using the EM38 operated in vertical dipole orientation. Soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) collected during the wetter periods (>10-mm antecedent precipitation during the previous 7 d) showed greater spatial variability (greater sills and shorter spatial correlation lengths), indicating the influence of soil water distribution on soil ECa. During a relatively short time period, most soil properties controlling ECa (e.g., texture, organic matter, and depth to bedrock) remain unchanged. Thus, repeated EMI surveys can capture the dynamics of soil moisture change and related subsurface flow paths in the landscape. Significantly (p < 0.05) higher ECa was detected in areas close to simulated subsurface flow paths, especially during the wetter periods; however, such flow paths could not be pinpointed directly from the ECa maps because of the limitation in ECa spatial resolution. In wetter areas, significant correlation between the relative difference in ECa and that in measured soil moisture was observed (r(2) = 0.59-0.77), but not in drier areas. During drier periods or at drier locations, the influences of soil moisture and flow path on ECa were masked by terrain and other soil properties. Thus, the optimal use of EMI for detecting subsurface hydrologic dynamics would be during wet periods or in wet areas across the landscape in this study. C1 [Zhu, Qing; Lin, Henry] Penn State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Doolittle, James] USDA NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. RP Lin, H (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, 116 ASI Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM henrylin@psu.edu RI Lin, Henry/E-8234-2011; Poggio, Matteo/D-8973-2011 FU USDA National Research Initiative [2002-35102-12547] FX This study was partially supported by the USDA National Research Initiative (Grant no. 2002-35102-12547). NR 41 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 16 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 74 IS 5 BP 1750 EP 1762 DI 10.2136/sssaj2010.0055 PG 13 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 650BS UT WOS:000281823100035 ER PT J AU Zhu, Q Lin, H Doolittle, J AF Zhu, Qing Lin, Henry Doolittle, James TI Repeated Electromagnetic Induction Surveys for Improved Soil Mapping in an Agricultural Landscape SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; WATER-CONTENT; PRECISION AGRICULTURE; ORGANIC-MATTER; DEPTH; SCALE; VARIABILITY; MANAGEMENT; ACCURACY; QUALITY AB Soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) measured by electromagnetic induction (EMI) has been widely used to interpret soil spatial variability. We investigated the use of repeated EMI surveys, in combination with depth to bedrock and terrain attributes, to improve soil mapping in a 19.5-ha agricultural landscape. The first two surveys were done in 1997 and 2006, in which different meters (EM38, EM31, and Dualem-2), dipole orientations, and geometries were compared. The EM38 operated in vertical dipole orientation was then used in another six surveys in different seasons from 2008 to 2009. Results showed that the optimal use of EMI depends on the targeted soil properties, landscape characteristics, specific EMI meter and its setting, and the timing of the survey. The EM31 operated in vertical dipole orientation provided the deepest measurement depth (6 m) among the three meters used and showed the strongest relationship with depth to bedrock in the study area (r(2) = 0.58). Because the top 2 m of soil profiles exhibited distinct textural differences across the landscape, the EM31 operated in horizontal dipole orientation and Dualem-2 operated in horizontal co-planar geometry (both with 3-m measurement depth) showed the best correlation with silt content (r(2) = 0.45-0.47). The best EMI mapping of major soil distribution across this landscape requires optimal timing (wet period) and an appropriate meter and setting. No single EMI survey or the relative difference in ECa of repeated EMI surveys was sufficient to obtain the best possible soil map for the study area. Instead, a combination of repeated EMI surveys, depth to bedrock, and terrain attributes provided the best mapping of soils in this agricultural landscape and doubled the accuracy of map unit purity compared with the existing second-order soil map. C1 [Zhu, Qing; Lin, Henry] Penn State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Doolittle, James] USDA NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. RP Lin, H (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, 116 ASI Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM henrylin@psu.edu RI Lin, Henry/E-8234-2011 FU USDA National Research Initiative [2002-35102-12547] FX This study was partially supported by the USDA National Research Initiative (Grant no. 2002-35102-12547). NR 43 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 16 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 74 IS 5 BP 1763 EP 1774 DI 10.2136/sssaj2010.0056 PG 12 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 650BS UT WOS:000281823100036 ER PT J AU Erich, E Drohan, PJ Ellis, LR Collins, ME Payne, M Surabian, D AF Erich, E. Drohan, P. J. Ellis, L. R. Collins, M. E. Payne, M. Surabian, D. TI Subaqueous soils: their genesis and importance in ecosystem management SO SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Subaqueous; soil; management; aquatic ID ORGANIC-CARBON; MAINE ESTUARY; LANDSCAPE; ENVIRONMENT; OXIDATION AB Research by soil scientists examining estuarine aquatic substrates has identified pedogenic processes, resulting in the reclassification of these aquatic substrates (sediments) as subaqueous soils (SASs). Pedogenic processes in SASs are similar in concept to those occurring in subaerial soils, and thus SASs can be described and mapped based on pedogenic similarities using Jenny's soil forming factors for interpreting soil genesis. The occurrence of SASs in estuarine and freshwater ecosystems places them at the centre of many ecosystem-dependent processes supporting food webs linked directly to the human population and its economy. Early research on SASs has been driven by addressing fishery habitat support questions for US subaquatic vegetation populations (SAV), and for estimating the carbon sequestration potential of soils with SAV. New land use interpretations for SASs include bottom type, presence of sulphidic materials, potential for submerged aquatic vegetation restoration, limitations for moorings and species lists for plants and algae common to tidal areas. Subaquatic soils are a viable, exciting frontier of soil science research that will surely foster multi-disciplinary collaborations. While their genesis is only beginning to be understood, it is clear that their importance in human-dependent land management issues such as soil and water quality, food supply and human survival is great. However, the fragility of such soils for providing vital functions to support life on Earth suggests that they need to be investigated and monitored. C1 [Drohan, P. J.; Ellis, L. R.; Collins, M. E.] Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Erich, E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Payne, M.] USDA NRCS, Warwick, RI 02886 USA. [Surabian, D.] USDA NRCS, Tolland, CT 06084 USA. RP Drohan, PJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, 2169 McCarty Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM pjd7@psu.edu FU Pennsylvania State University, College of Agriculture FX The authors thank the Pennsylvania State University, College of Agriculture for financial support through their 'seed grant program'. The authors acknowledge the late Dr. George Demas for setting a new course for soil science through uncharted waters. NR 55 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0266-0032 J9 SOIL USE MANAGE JI Soil Use Manage. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 26 IS 3 BP 245 EP 252 DI 10.1111/j.1475-2743.2010.00278.x PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 643HI UT WOS:000281285800006 ER PT J AU Adams, SB Taylor, CA Lukhaup, C AF Adams, Susan B. Taylor, Christopher A. Lukhaup, Chris TI Crayfish Fauna of the Tennessee River Drainage in Mississippi, Including New State Species Records SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article AB We present new state records for 3 crayfish species in the Tennessee River basin in Mississippi, and the first drainage-specific distributional information in the state for a fourth. The species-Cambarus girardianus, Cambarus rusticiformis, Orconectes spinosus, and Orconectes wright,-are all known from the Tennessee River basin in Tennessee, while all but O. wrighti are also known from Alabama. We also expand the distribution of Procambarus viaeviridis in the state to include the Tennessee River drainage in Alcorn and Tishomingo counties, MS. We briefly discuss taxonomic issues involving C. girardianus and O. spinosus. Based on their distributions in neighboring states, we suspect that several other species may occur in the Mississippi portion of the basin. C1 [Adams, Susan B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Taylor, Christopher A.] Univ Illinois, Inst Nat Resource Sustainabil, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. RP Adams, SB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, 1000 Front St, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM sadams01@fs.fed.us RI Adams, Susan/C-3559-2008 FU US Forest Service Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research; Illinois Natural History Survey FX We thank B. Jones (MS Museum of Natural Science) and K. Reed (USNM) who provided museum data for the Mississippi Crayfish Database, as well as all of the people listed as collectors in Table 1. Thanks to A. Commens-Carson for preparing Figure 1. G. Schuster and B. Jones made insightful suggestions on an earlier draft of the manuscript, and G. Schuster provided valuable information on crayfish collections from Alabama. The research was supported by the US Forest Service Center for Bottomland Hardwoods Research and the Illinois Natural History Survey. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 12 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 EI 1938-5412 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 9 IS 3 BP 521 EP 528 DI 10.1656/058.009.0310 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V24FZ UT WOS:000208397600010 ER PT J AU Tanner, CL Ammer, FK Barry, RE Stromdahl, EY AF Tanner, Cheryl L. Ammer, Frank K. Barry, Ronald E. Stromdahl, Ellen Y. TI Tick Burdens on Peromyscus leucopus Rafinesque and Infection of Ticks by Borrelia spp. in Virginia SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM ACARI; LYME-DISEASE SPIROCHETE; WHITE-FOOTED MICE; CHIPMUNK TAMIAS-STRIATUS; IXODES-SCAPULARIS ACARI; BURGDORFERI SENSU-LATO; UNITED-STATES; DERMACENTOR-VARIABILIS; POPULATION ATTRIBUTES; RESERVOIR COMPETENCE AB The emergence of Southern Tick-Associated Rash Illness (STARI) questions the validity of reported Lyme disease (LD) cases throughout the southern United States. Acute symptoms are identical, and an efficient method of diagnosis is currently unavailable, with the cause(s) in question. The etiologic agent of LD, Borrelia burgdorferi, is transmitted by Ixodes scapularis (Black-legged Tick), while Amblyomma americanum (Lone Star Tick) is known to carry B. lonestari, the bacterium associated with cases of STARI. Peromyscus leucopus (White-footed Mouse) is a very efficient reservoir for these bacteria and tolerant of their vectors. We sampled small (<3 ha) and large (>3 ha) forest patches in Virginia for tick densities, burdens, and infestation rates by collecting ticks by drag sampling and from mice. We also tested ticks for infection by Borrelia. Although mouse density was greater in small patches, tick densities, burdens, and infestation rates did not differ with patch size. B. burgdorferi was not detected in any tick species, but 3.4% of nymphal and 5.9% of adult Lone Star Ticks removed from vegetation were infected with B. lonestari. C1 [Tanner, Cheryl L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Richwood, WV 26261 USA. [Ammer, Frank K.] Frostburg State Univ, Dept Biol, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA. [Barry, Ronald E.] Bates Coll, Dept Biol, Lewiston, ME 04240 USA. [Stromdahl, Ellen Y.] USA, Entomol Sci Program, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Tanner, CL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 932 N Fork Cherry Rd, Richwood, WV 26261 USA. EM ctanner.eco@gmail.com FU National Park Service (NPS) [1443DCA309701200] FX Field housing, equipment, and funding were provided by the National Park Service (NPS) under Cooperative Agreement 1443DCA309701200 with Ronald Barry. NPS Natural Resource Manager Gregg Kneipp provided GIS maps and frequent general support. We thank Dr. William Seddon and the Frostburg State University Department of Biology for providing laboratory supplies. We also thank Mrs. Valerie Fritz for obtaining both field and laboratory supplies and Ms. Bebe Elrick for her continuous help and support. C. L. Tanner thanks her family for their unyielding support, encouragement, and confidence. NR 85 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 12 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 EI 1938-5412 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 9 IS 3 BP 529 EP 546 DI 10.1656/058.009.0311 PG 18 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V24FZ UT WOS:000208397600011 ER PT J AU Perry, RW Saugey, DA Crump, BG AF Perry, Roger W. Saugey, David A. Crump, Betty G. TI Winter Roosting Ecology of Silver-haired Bats in an Arkansas Forest SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article AB Although summer roosting by Lasionycteris noctivagans (Silver-haired Bats) has been studied in various ecological regions of North America, no quantitative studies have examined winter roost selection. We radiotracked 11 bats to 31 day-roosts during winter in forests of the Ouachita Mountains, AR. We quantified roost structures and examined the association between roosts and forest stands. We also examined effects of temperature on roost use. Ninety percent of roosts were in trees (5 species): 55% of all roosts were under loose bark on the bole of live overstory Pinus echinata (Shortleaf Pine), 3% of roosts were in a rock outcrop, and 6% were at ground level (under a tree root or in a cavity at the base of a live pine). Bats selected pine or pine-hardwoods stands >50 years old, and used forest stands 15-50 years of age less than their availability. Roost locations were influenced by temperature and solar radiation; most (90%) roosts were on southern topographic aspects, and bats roosted in the rock outcrop or on the ground on colder days (<5 degrees C). Retaining open pine and hardwood stands >50 years old on south slopes would likely maintain roosting habitat for wintering Silver-haired Bats in the Ouachita Mountains. C1 [Perry, Roger W.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. [Saugey, David A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ouachita Natl Forest, Jessieville, AR 71949 USA. [Crump, Betty G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ouachita Natl Forest, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. RP Perry, RW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, POB 1270, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. EM rperry03@fs.fed.us FU Ouachita National Forest FX We thank R.L. Vaughn for Field Assistance and D. Robertson for providing GIS data. This study was funded by the Ouachita National Forest. Earlier drafts were reviewed by D.B. Sasse, S.B. Castleberry, N.E. Koerth, D.A. Miller, T.C. Carter, S.C. Loeb, and guest editor C.D. Hein. The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for reader information and does not imply endorsement of any product or service by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 15 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 9 IS 3 BP 563 EP 572 DI 10.1656/058.009.0313 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V24FZ UT WOS:000208397600013 ER PT J AU Greenberg, SM Li, YX Liu, TX AF Greenberg, S. M. Li, Y-X Liu, T-X TI Effect of Age of Transgenic Cotton on Mortality of Lepidopteran Larvae SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID BT-COTTON; NOCTUIDAE; CRY1AC; PERFORMANCE AB Leaves from cotton Gossypium hirsutum L plants containing transgenic traits (Bollgard(R) Bollgard II(R) and WideStrikeTM) were assayed for bioactivity against bollworm Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) and cabbage looper Trichoplusia m (Hubner) in a laboratory Fifty leaves from the middle of the plants were collected every 20 days starting at 40 days and until 120 days after cottons were planted The leaves were fed to 15 first-instar larvae of each insect pest until they died or pupated Most larvae died when fed Bollgard 11 or WideStnke At the end of the season (100-120 days after planting) more larvae died when fed Bollgard II than WideStrike Conclusions from the results are that (1) mortality was not significantly different when the larvae were fed dual Bt cotton leaves of different ages (2) survival duration depended on consumption of the amount of endotoxin that caused larval mortality (3) biological characteristics of surviving lepidopterans (pupal weight emergence and developmental time) were significantly better on non-Bt cotton C1 [Greenberg, S. M.] ARS, KSARC, USDA, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Li, Y-X; Liu, T-X] Texas AgriLife Res, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Greenberg, SM (reprint author), ARS, KSARC, USDA, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 35 IS 3 BP 261 EP 268 DI 10.3958/059.035.0305 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 681HG UT WOS:000284301400005 ER PT J AU Molina-Ochoa, J Hutchison, WD Blanco, CA AF Molina-Ochoa, Jaime Hutchison, W. D. Blanco, Carlos A. TI Current Status of Helicoverpa zea and Heliothis virescens within a Changing Landscape in the Southern United States and Mexico SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID CORN-EARWORM LEPIDOPTERA; NOCTUIDAE POPULATIONS; COTTON; RESISTANCE; MISSISSIPPI; EVOLUTION; DYNAMICS; HOSTS; CROP AB An update of the current status of corn earworm Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) the tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens (Fabricius) and other heliothine pests in the Southern United States and Mexico is presented A brief description of the damage caused to their host plants their host range geographic distribution susceptibility to chemical and biological pesticides development of resistance to pesticides and the role of the new hybrids carrying one or multiple Bt toxins in their IPM are discussed C1 [Molina-Ochoa, Jaime] Univ Colima, Fac Ciencias Biol & Agropecuarias, Tecoman 28930, Colima, Mexico. [Molina-Ochoa, Jaime] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Insect Genet Lab, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Hutchison, W. D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Blanco, Carlos A.] Biotechnol Regulatory Serv, USDA, APHIS, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. RP Molina-Ochoa, J (reprint author), Univ Colima, Fac Ciencias Biol & Agropecuarias, Km 40 Autopista Colima Manzanillo, Tecoman 28930, Colima, Mexico. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 35 IS 3 BP 347 EP 354 DI 10.3958/059.035.0314 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 681HG UT WOS:000284301400013 ER PT J AU Westbrook, JK Lopez, JD AF Westbrook, John K. Lopez, Juan D., Jr. TI Long-Distance Migration in Helicoverpa zea What We Know and Need to Know SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID CORN-EARWORM LEPIDOPTERA; SOUTH-CENTRAL TEXAS; FREE-TAILED BATS; HOST USE; NOCTUIDAE; HELIOTHIS; FLIGHT; RADAR AB This paper identifies knowledge and knowledge gaps in biology and ecology, and migratory flight of corn earworm Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) The paper focuses on results from studies of corn earworm population dynamics and migration in Texas during a period of substantial irrigated maize Zea mays L production in the Lower Rio Grande Valley which prevailed before planted acres decreased due to drought expansive land development and the introduction of Bt corn Because overwintering survival of corn earworm in the U S is generally accepted to be limited to areas south of 40 degrees N latitude much of the maize-growing area in the north-central U S would not be infested by corn earworm if not for migration Overwintenng emergence contributes to infestations by corn earworm but it is difficult to separate the contributions of overwintering emergence and immigrants on local populations We emphasize three critical elements affecting the timing and extent of corn earworm migration period of emergence of adult corn earworm availability of fruiting maize as a host and availability of suitable atmospheric conditions for transport Knowledge of corn earworm migration will be especially useful in devising and utilizing novel control tactics in the northern tier of states where insecticides are applied extensively to control immigrant corn earworm in sweet corn seed corn, snap beans Phaseolus vulgaris L and other high-value crops This Is particularly important to the abundance geographical range and management of corn earworm relative to potential climate change and use of transgenic crops tolerant of drought and heat conditions C1 [Westbrook, John K.; Lopez, Juan D., Jr.] ARS, USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. RP Westbrook, JK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 19 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 EI 2162-2647 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 35 IS 3 BP 355 EP 360 DI 10.3958/059.035.0315 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 681HG UT WOS:000284301400014 ER PT J AU Groot, AT Blanco, CA Classen, A Inglis, O Santangelo, RG Lopez, J Heckel, DG Schal, C AF Groot, Astrid T. Blanco, Carlos A. Classen, Alice Inglis, Ollie Santangelo, Richard G. Lopez, Juan Heckel, David G. Schal, Coby TI Variation in Sexual Communication of the Tobacco Budworm, Heliothis virescens SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID PHEROMONE BLEND DIFFERENCES; SUBFLEXA; BIOSYNTHESIS; LEPIDOPTERA; NOCTUIDAE; MOTHS AB Females of the tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens (F), exhibit distinct geographical and temporal variation in sex pheromone composition but the causes and significance of this variation are largely unexplored Here we assessed whether 1) female pheromone variation was related to the host plants of origin and 2) pheromone lures with varying amounts of Z9-14 Ald or 16 Ald were differentially attractive to males Variation in female pheromone did not seem to be related to the host plants from which the eggs or larvae were collected which may be because field-collected larvae were reared for three to five larval stages on artificial diet By varying the concentration of Z9-14 Ald within the range in the female pheromone gland we found males were more attracted as the amount increased from 1 to 10% relative to Z11-16 Ald but significantly less with the highest concentration of 25% In contrast with 16 Ald similar numbers of tobacco budworm males were caught in all traps where 16 Ald ranged from 0 to 200% These results show that variation in Z9-14 Ald but not 16 Ald is evolutionarily significant and likely subject to stabilizing selection in the field C1 [Groot, Astrid T.; Classen, Alice; Heckel, David G.] Max Planck Inst Chem Ecol, Dept Entomol, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Inglis, Ollie; Santangelo, Richard G.; Schal, Coby] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lopez, Juan] ARS, USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Groot, AT (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Chem Ecol, Dept Entomol, D-07745 Jena, Germany. RI Groot, Astrid/A-8954-2013; Heckel, David/K-2138-2013; Schal, Coby/A-8717-2010 OI Groot, Astrid/0000-0001-9595-0161; Heckel, David/0000-0001-8991-2150; Schal, Coby/0000-0001-7195-6358 NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 14 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 35 IS 3 BP 367 EP 372 DI 10.3958/059.035.0317 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 681HG UT WOS:000284301400016 ER PT J AU Blanco, CA Portilla, M Jurat-Fuentes, JL Sanchez, JF Viteri, D Vega-Aquino, P Teran-Vargas, AP Azuara-Dominguez, A Lopez, JD Arias, R Zhu, YC Lugo-Barrera, D Jackson, R AF Blanco, Carlos A. Portilla, Maribel Jurat-Fuentes, Juan Luis Sanchez, Jaime F. Viteri, Diego Vega-Aquino, Paulina Teran-Vargas, Antonio P. Azuara-Dominguez, Ausencio Lopez, Juan D., Jr. Arias, Renee Zhu, Yu-Cheng Lugo-Barrera, David Jackson, Ryan TI Susceptibility of Isofamilies of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera Noctuidae) to Cry1Ac and Cry1Fa Proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID FALL ARMYWORM LEPIDOPTERA; TOBACCO BUDWORM LEPIDOPTERA; CORN-EARWORM; MAIZE YIELD; RESISTANCE; TOXIN; ENDOTOXIN; BINDING; STATES; LEVEL AB The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J E Smith) is one of the most important insect pests on the American continent Its control has relied primarily on multiple applications of insecticides that can amount to 1 000 g of active ingredient per hectare on some of approximately 30 crops the insect damages The use of genetically engineered crops that express Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Berliner toxins, Bt-corn, Zea mays L, and Bt-cotton Gossypium hirsutum L are other ways to control this insect However, fall armyworm is one of the Lepidoptera species least susceptible to Bt proteins and a case of high tolerance to Bt-corn has already being reported We found the susceptibility to Cry1Ac and Cry1Fa proteins of Bt in 133 isofamilies from five regions of three countries was similar to the susceptibility of two Bt-susceptible laboratory colonies to these proteins Four isofamilies from Puerto Rico were very tolerant to Cry1Fa and not so tolerant to Cry1Ac Two of the four isofamilies were backcrossed with a Bt-susceptible laboratory colony and their progeny was as susceptible to both Bt proteins as was the Bt-susceptible colony indicating that resistance to Bt is a recessive trait C1 [Blanco, Carlos A.; Portilla, Maribel; Arias, Renee; Zhu, Yu-Cheng; Jackson, Ryan] ARS, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Jurat-Fuentes, Juan Luis] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Sanchez, Jaime F.; Viteri, Diego] DuPont Agr & Nutr, Aguirre, PR 00704 USA. [Vega-Aquino, Paulina; Teran-Vargas, Antonio P.] Inst Nacl Invest Forestales Agr & Pecuarias, Ciudad Cuauhtemoc 89610, Tamaulipas, Mexico. [Azuara-Dominguez, Ausencio] Colegio Postgrad, Montecillo 56230, Estado Mexico, Mexico. [Lopez, Juan D., Jr.] ARS, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Lugo-Barrera, David] Dow AgroSci Mexico, Ciudad Granja 45010, Jalisco, Mexico. RP Blanco, CA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. OI Jurat-Fuentes, Juan Luis/0000-0002-8945-1814 NR 31 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 23 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 EI 2162-2647 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 35 IS 3 BP 409 EP 415 DI 10.3958/059.035.0325 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 681HG UT WOS:000284301400024 ER PT J AU Fabrick, JA AF Fabrick, Jeffrey A. TI Insights into the Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Pink Bollworm Resistance to Cry Toxins SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; BT COTTON; CADHERIN GENOTYPE; CROPS; ALLELES; FIELD AB Transgenic crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Berliner (Bacillales Bacillaceae) toxins target key insect pests in cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L and maize Zea mays L cropping systems The pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera Gelechiidae) is currently the target of an area-wide eradication program with the purpose to eliminate pink bollworm from cotton-producing areas of the U S and adjacent areas of northern Mexico Transgenic Bt cotton is a key component of the program Evolution of resistance to Bt cotton could jeopardize the eradication program and diminish success of long-term control of pink bollworm populations Molecular monitoring for known resistance alleles and bioassays indicated that pink bollworm resistance to Bt cotton in the U S remains rare However recent discovery of field-evolved resistance to Bt cotton in India emphasizes the need for diligent resistance monitoring and stewardship of the Bt transgenic technology Resistance to Cry1Ac in laboratory-selected strains of pink bollworm may involve at least two resistance mechanisms based on characterization of cadherin-based resistant strains and a newly selected Bt4R strain In all previous resistant strains of pink bollworm resistance involved mutations in a cadherin gene encoding for a functional Cry1Ac toxin receptor Selection of the Bt4R strain using Bt cotton bolls and Cry1Ac in diet revealed a novel mechanism of resistance that differs from previously described cadherin mutations C1 USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Fabrick, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Ln, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 35 IS 3 BP 431 EP 435 DI 10.3958/059.035.0328 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 681HG UT WOS:000284301400027 ER PT J AU Naranjo, SE Ellsworth, PC AF Naranjo, Steven E. Ellsworth, Peter C. TI Fourteen Years of Bt Cotton Advances IPM in Arizona SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID PINK-BOLLWORM LEPIDOPTERA; LONG-TERM ASSESSMENT; TRANSGENIC COTTON; MULTIPLE CROPS; GELECHIIDAE; SUPPRESSION; ABUNDANCE; CHINA AB The pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) first invaded Arizona in 1926 and has been a key pest of cotton Gossypium hirsutum L since the early 1960s A broad range of tactics has been developed to manage this pest including a variety of cultural methods, mating disruption via pheromones sterile insect release, and plant resistance Transgenic cotton producing the insecticidal proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) was introduced in 1996 and was rapidly and widely adopted by producers in Arizona Adoption rose to approximately 86% by 2006 and has been more than 93% since 2007 when the state was granted a U S Environmental Protection Agency exemption to eliminate required refuge plantings as part of a regional eradication program The deployment of Bt cotton for selective control of caterpillars led to dramatic regional reductions in abundance of pink bollworm and associated crop damage and insecticide use Bt cotton has also been a key technology enabling more selective and biologically-based control approaches for sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) and western tarnished plant bug Lygus hesperus Knight two other keys pests of cotton in Arizona Overall insecticide use (statewide average number of sprays per hectare) in cotton has dropped 88% since 1995 Some challenges ahead include re-invasion of eradicated zones maintaining susceptibility of pink bollworm to Bt cotton, the economics of Bt cotton use in a post-eradication future and a rapidly changing agroecosystem C1 [Naranjo, Steven E.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Ellsworth, Peter C.] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Maricopa Agr Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Naranjo, SE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. OI Ellsworth, Peter/0000-0002-2485-0830 FU Western IPM Center Work Group; National Cotton Council FX Primary data on cotton insect losses were collected through support to PCE provided by the National Cotton Council (1992-present) and a Western IPM Center Work Group Grant (2004-present) The Arizona Pest Management Center and the federal Extension IPM program also provided key additional University of Arizona infrastructural support NR 32 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 16 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 35 IS 3 BP 437 EP 444 DI 10.3958/059.035.0329 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 681HG UT WOS:000284301400028 ER PT J AU Munyaneza, JE AF Munyaneza, Joseph E. TI Emerging Leafhopper-Transmitted Phytoplasma Diseases of Potato SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID PURPLE TOP DISEASE; BEET LEAFHOPPER; COLUMBIA BASIN; INSECT VECTORS; CICADELLIDAE; WASHINGTON; HEMIPTERA; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PATHOGENS; OREGON AB In recent years leafhopper-transmitted phytoplasma diseases of potato, Solarium tuberosum L have become increasingly important in many production areas worldwide Serious epidemics of purple top disease of potato, caused by phytoplasma infections have occurred in North and Central America and Central and Eastern Europe Countries severely affected by phytoplasma diseases of potato include the United States, Mexico Guatemala, Russia, and Romania These emerging potato diseases are causing significant yield losses and a reduction in tuber and seed quality Accurate identification of phytoplasmas involved in the disease and their insect vectors in addition to a better understanding of disease epidemiology and vector population dynamics are essential to effective management of phytoplasma diseases in potatoes A case study of identification epidemiology and management of leafhopper-transmitted phytoplasma disease of potatoes in the Pacific Northwest of the United States is presented herein C1 USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Munyaneza, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. FU Washington State Potato Commission; USDA-ARS FX I am grateful to Jim Crosslin Jeff Upton, Jeremy Buchman Venkat Sengoda Ing-Ming Lee Launa Hamlin Blaine Heilman and Millie Heidt for their invaluable contribution to the research reported herein Financial support for this work was partially provided by Washington State Potato Commission and USDA-ARS State Cooperative Potato Research Program NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 35 IS 3 BP 451 EP 456 DI 10.3958/059.035.0331 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 681HG UT WOS:000284301400030 ER PT J AU Esquivel, JF Medrano, EG Bell, AA AF Esquivel, Jesus F. Medrano, Enrique G. Bell, Alois A. TI Southern Green Stink Bugs (Hemiptera Pentatomidae) as Vectors of Pathogens Affecting Cotton Bolls - A Brief Review SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Review ID NEZARA-VIRIDULA L.; PANTOEA-AGGLOMERANS; TRANSMISSION; BACTERIA; SEED; GUT AB The southern green stink bug Nezara viridula L is a member of the stink bug complex that has become more economically important in cotton Gossypium hirsutum L, production in recent years A disease of cotton bolls identified as South Carolina boll rot, seemed coincidental to the increase in abundance of stink bugs The relationship between the occurrence of the cotton disease and the southern green stink bug is discussed here This review documents the identification and description of the disease potential causal agents and insect vectors, conclusive identification of Pantoea agglomerans (Ewing and Fife) Gavini et al as the causative agent of the disease establishment of southern green stink bug as a model insect based on ingestion retention and transmission of the disease to cotton bolls determination of vulnerability of bolls of different ages to disease, and, transmission of other disease agents by southern green stink bugs Future research needs also are discussed C1 [Esquivel, Jesus F.] ARS, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. [Medrano, Enrique G.; Bell, Alois A.] ARS, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Cotton Pathol Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. RP Esquivel, JF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 8 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 35 IS 3 BP 457 EP 461 DI 10.3958/059.035.0332 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 681HG UT WOS:000284301400031 ER PT J AU Munyaneza, JE AF Munyaneza, Joseph E. TI Psyllids as Vectors of Emerging Bacterial Diseases of Annual Crops SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID CANDIDATUS LIBERIBACTER SOLANACEARUM; ZEBRA CHIP DISEASE; 1ST REPORT; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; COCKERELLI SULC; POTATO-TUBERS; ASSOCIATION; MEXICO; PLANTS; DISCOLORATION AB Psyllids (Hemiptera Psylloidea) are important pests of agricultural crops worldwide These insects may cause damage to plants by direct feeding and/or vectoring plant pathogens Psyllid-transmitted bacterial diseases are increasingly becoming important in perennial and annual crops Several reports have shown that the fastidious bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter vectored by at least four psyllid species is associated with newly-emerging and economically important diseases of crops including Huanglongbing or citrus greening disease in Citrus spp and zebra chip in potatoes Solanum tuberosum L Huanglongbing is vectored by the Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri Kumayama and the African citrus psyllid Trioza erytreae Del Guercio whereas zebra chip is vectored by the potato/tomato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli Sulc Recently, Ca Liberibacter has been associated for the first time with the carrot psyllid Trioza apicalis Forster, and carrot Daucus carota L subsp sativus plants affected by this insect in northern Europe An overview of psyllid species vectoring bacterial diseases to annual crops with emphasis on potato psyllid and carrot psyllid is presented herein C1 USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Munyaneza, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. FU Frito Lay Inc; USDA-ARS; USDA-CSREES-RAMP [2009-51101-05892]; USDA-CSREES-SCRI [2009-51181-20176] FX I am grateful to Jeremy Buchman Venkat Sengoda Tonja Fisher Millie Heidt Jim Crosslin, Anne Nissinen, John Goolsby, and Andy Cruz for their invaluable contribution to the research reported herein Financial support for this work was partially provided by Frito Lay Inc, USDA-ARS State Cooperative Potato Research Program Texas Department of Agriculture USDA-CSREES-RAMP (Project #2009-51101-05892) and USDA-CSREES-SCRI (Project #2009-51181-20176) NR 31 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 24 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 35 IS 3 BP 471 EP 477 DI 10.3958/059.035.0335 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 681HG UT WOS:000284301400034 ER PT J AU Rodgers, J Kang, SY Fortier, C Cui, XL Davidonis, G Clawson, E Boquet, D Pettigrew, W AF Rodgers, James Kang, Sho Yeung Fortier, Chanel Cui, Xiaoliang Davidonis, Gayle Clawson, Ernest Boquet, Don Pettigrew, William TI Preliminary Field Measurement of Cotton Fiber Micronaire by Portable NIR SO SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article AB Cotton is a global commodity, and a key need is the development of new breeder-producer quality tools for field and at-line measurements, resulting in the vertical integration of the cotton quality chain from the cotton field to final fabric. A program was initiated to determine the capability of portable NIR analyzers to monitor the key cotton fiber property of micronaire for laboratory, at-line, and field measurements. Micronaire is a combination of the cotton fiber's maturity and fineness (linear density). A program was implemented to expand the NIR measurement of cotton micronaire by portable NIR instrumentation from the laboratory to a nonlaboratory location: the cotton field. Field trials for micronaire on cotton bolls in or near the cotton field were performed at four locations. Spectral evaluations demonstrated overall good NIR spectral agreement between laboratory and field measurements of micronaire with the portable NIR analyzer. Two field sampling systems were developed: plant measurements (cottons measured directly in the cotton field) and vehicle measurements (collected cottons measured at the vehicle in the field or at a nearby building). The field NIR measurements were fast (<2 min per sample) and easy to perform. Distinct NIR micronaire differences were detected between cotton varieties and bolls with known HVI micronaire differences. The comparative results for the field measurements (cottons with seeds present) of cotton micronaire were very encouraging, as the trends in the HVI micronaire (low-medium-high) were identified correctly for 80% of the samples. The rapid and accurate laboratory measurement of cotton fiber icronaire trends at the cotton field with portable NIR instrumentation was demonstrated. C1 [Rodgers, James; Fortier, Chanel; Cui, Xiaoliang; Davidonis, Gayle] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Kang, Sho Yeung] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Clawson, Ernest] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, St Joseph, LA USA. [Boquet, Don] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Winnsboro, LA USA. [Pettigrew, William] ARS, Stoneville, MS USA. RP Rodgers, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS INC PI DULUTH PA 131 W 1ST STREET, DULUTH, MN 55802 USA SN 0887-6703 J9 SPECTROSCOPY-US JI Spectroscopy PD SEP PY 2010 VL 25 IS 9 BP 38 EP 44 PG 7 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA 649QA UT WOS:000281786500005 ER PT J AU Chmura, DJ Howe, GT Anderson, PD St Clair, JB AF Chmura, Daniel J. Howe, Glenn T. Anderson, Paul D. St Clair, J. Bradley TI Adaptation of trees, forests and forestry to climate change SO SYLWAN LA Polish DT Article DE adaptation strategy; management; resistance; resilience; sustainable forestry ID ELEVATED CO2 CONCENTRATION; RISING ATMOSPHERIC CO2; ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; DOUGLAS-FIR; MANAGEMENT; RESPONSES; PLANTS; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; DISTURBANCES AB Chmura D. J., Howe G. T., Anderson P D., St.Clair J. B. 2010. Przystosowanie drzew, lasow i lesnictwa do zmian klimatycznych. Sylwan 154 (9): 587-602. Ongoing climate change will likely expose trees and forests to new stresses and disturbances during this century. Trees naturally adapt to changes in climate, but their natural adaptive ability may be compromised by the rapid changes projected for this century. In the broad sense, adaptation to climate change also includes the purposeful adaptation of human systems, which includes forestry In this article, we briefly review the expected impacts of projected climate change on trees and forest ecosystems in Poland. We further provide a framework for designing adaptive strategies to sustain or enhance forest growth, health, and ecosystem services in new climates. Within this framework, we distinguish two related objectives: (1) adaptation of decision-making process in forest management and (2) adaptation of forest ecosystems. Each of these objectives may he achieved through strategies and options whose applicability is discussed in relation to major forest functions ecological and societal, commercial, and multiple-use. Knowledge gaps and research needs are also identified. We conclude that the recent emphasis on sustainable multi-functional forestry and the current ownership structure in Poland will facilitate adaptation of Polish forests to future climates. However, much remains to be learned about the impacts of climate change, especially at the ecosystem level. Cooperation between researchers and forest managers is critical for developing better management strategies for adapting forests to climate change. C1 [Chmura, Daniel J.] Inst Dendrol PAN, PL-62035 Kornik, Poland. [Chmura, Daniel J.; Howe, Glenn T.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Anderson, Paul D.; St Clair, J. Bradley] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Chmura, DJ (reprint author), Inst Dendrol PAN, Ul Parkowa 5, PL-62035 Kornik, Poland. EM djchmura@poczta.onet.pl RI Chmura, Daniel/H-6245-2011 NR 86 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 13 PU POLSKIE TOWARZYSTWO LESNE PI WARSZAWA PA KOMITET REDAKCYJNY SYLWANA, UL BITWY WARSZAWSKIEJ 1920 R NR 3, WARSZAWA, PL-02 362, POLAND SN 0039-7660 J9 SYLWAN JI Sylwan PD SEP PY 2010 VL 154 IS 9 BP 587 EP 602 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 681DV UT WOS:000284292500001 ER PT J AU Rodgers, J Fortier, C Montalvo, J Cui, XL Kang, SY Martin, V AF Rodgers, James Fortier, Chanel Montalvo, Joseph Cui, Xiaoliang Kang, Sho Yeung Martin, Vikki TI Near Infrared Measurement of Cotton Fiber Micronaire by Portable Near Infrared Instrumentation SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE near infrared; cotton; micronaire; portable instrument AB In the U. S. A., cotton is classed (primary quality parameters) by the Uster (R) High Volume Instrument (HVI), which must be maintained under tightly controlled laboratory environmental conditions. Improved and fast response quality measurement systems and tools are needed to rapidly assess the quality of cotton. One key area of emphasis and need is the development and implementation of new fast-response quality measurements that can be used not only in the laboratory but which also can be adapted to field and at-line quality measurements. A program was implemented to determine the ability of portable near-infrared (NIR) instrumentation to monitor critical fiber properties of cotton samples in the laboratory, at-line, and in the field, with initial emphasis on the laboratory measurement of cotton fiber micronaire. Micronaire is a key cotton property, and it is an indicator of the fiber's maturity and fineness. Distinct NIR spectral differences between samples with varying micronaire were observed. A comparative evaluation was performed to determine optimum instrumental conditions for laboratory cotton micronaire measurements. The comparative evaluation established that the optimum instrumental conditions for laboratory measurements of micronaire was obtained with the use of a glass-covered sampling port and increased instrumental gain, with high R(2) values, low residuals, and with <= 12% outliers. For a NIR measurement with potential for multiple simultaneous analyses and non-laboratory measurements, the micronaire measurement was fast (< 3 min per sample) and easy to perform. The rapid and accurate laboratory measurement of cotton fiber micronaire with portable NIR instrumentation was demonstrated. C1 [Rodgers, James; Fortier, Chanel; Montalvo, Joseph; Cui, Xiaoliang] ARS, SRRC, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. [Kang, Sho Yeung] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Martin, Vikki] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC USA. RP Rodgers, J (reprint author), ARS, SRRC, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. EM james.rodgers@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 13 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0040-5175 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 80 IS 15 BP 1503 EP 1515 DI 10.1177/0040517510361799 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA 648FT UT WOS:000281676500001 ER PT J AU Sawhney, APS Condon, B Reynolds, M Slopek, R Hui, D AF Sawhney, A. P. S. Condon, Brian Reynolds, Michael Slopek, Ryan Hui, David TI Advent of Greige Cotton Non-Wovens Made using a Hydro-Entanglement Process SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE greige cotton nonwovens; hydro-entangling process; needle-punch; fabric absorbency and wick-ability; SEM images of hydro-entangled cotton fibers AB Using greige (scour/bleach-less) cotton, non-woven fabrics have been successfully produced by adopting conventional fiber opening, cleaning and (modified) carding machines followed by cross-lapping, pre/light needling, and hydro-entanglement (HE) on modern commercial machinery and equipment. Using standard test methods and procedures, the fabrics were evaluated for their weight, thickness, burst strength, tensile and tear failures in both machine (MD) and cross (CD) directions, and absorbency. Dimensional characteristics of the fabrics were determined before and after an ordinary wash. Microscopic examinations of the fiber/fabric surfaces before and after various conditions/degrees of H-E were conducted. Results of these preliminary research investigations have shown that a run-of-the-mill greige cotton, processed on a conventional cotton cleaning and preparatory system, can indeed be efficiently processed on the downstream non-wovens production equipment. In addition, it has been shown that different processing conditions, especially the high-pressure (HP) hydraulic energy of the H-E system, have a considerable influence on properties of the fabrics produced. At the nominal fabric production rates deployed in the research trials, pressure greater than 100 bar (at the system's two HP jet-heads) produces a fabric that is partially hydrophilic: a desirable attribute for many end-use applications of cotton non-wovens. Based on a previous in-house investigation, it seems that the HP (hydraulic energy) at certain levels partly removes some of the greige cotton fiber's natural hydrophobic defensive membrane (outer-surface barrier) of heavy hydrocarbons, such as waxes, pectins, etc., thus making the fiber/fabric partially hydrophilic. Further, it has been observed that the high water pressures (HP), under otherwise similar processing conditions, tend to fracture some cotton fibers into tiny fibrils, as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. These ruptured fibers, by way of exposing their inner (hydrophilic) walls, could also partly contribute to the fabric's improved absorbency at elevated hydraulic energy levels. Furthermore, a rather unique fabric structure, comprising certain well-defined fibrous "strands and channels," observed at elevated (HP) pressures is also deemed to partly contribute to the greige fabric's improved wickability. C1 [Sawhney, A. P. S.; Condon, Brian; Reynolds, Michael; Slopek, Ryan] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Hui, David] Univ New Orleans, Dept Mech Engn, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA. RP Sawhney, APS (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM ap.singh@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture FX The authors would like to thank the National Program Staff, the Mid-South Area Director, and the Center Director of the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture for providing the necessary support for the study presented here. The authors would also like to recognize the efforts of Mr. James Riddle, who was instrumental in conducting various trials. The Southern Regional Research Center is a federal research facility of the U.S. Department of Agriculture in New Orleans, LA. The names of the companies and/or their products are mentioned solely for the purpose of providing information and do not in any way imply their endorsements by the USDA over others. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0040-5175 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 80 IS 15 BP 1540 EP 1549 DI 10.1177/0040517510363194 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA 648FT UT WOS:000281676500005 ER PT J AU Ayala-Navarrete, L Thompson, N Ohm, H Anderson, J AF Ayala-Navarrete, Ligia Thompson, N. Ohm, H. Anderson, J. TI Molecular markers show a complex mosaic pattern of wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium translocations carrying resistance to YDV SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID BARLEY YELLOW DWARF; VIRUS-RESISTANCE; BREAD WHEAT; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; GENOMIC INSTABILITY; LINES; RADIATION; HYBRIDS; PCR; RECOMBINATION AB Thinopyrum intermedium translocations derived from the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) substitution line P-29 were previously characterized by RFLP. We have further analyzed these lines and additional related germplasm with publicly available STS and SSRs. Primers which showed a polymorphism between wheat and P-29, were tested in all recombinant and nulli-tetrasomic lines confirming their position on chromosome 7D. The resulting 7D/7E chromosome maps appeared as a mosaic of wheat and Th. intermedium chromatin sections. To verify the composition of the translocation lines suggested by the RFLP-PCR map, F(2) progeny of two crosses (CS/216-1 and CS/260-1) were analyzed with molecular markers. Both populations gave an unexpectedly diverse number of recombinant individuals, suggesting that interstitial translocations occur more frequently than previously thought. This analysis also showed that there is a wide range in the number and position of the interstitial translocations within a given line such as the mosaic chromosome in recombinant line 260-1/CS-26, which has four Th. intermedium chromosome segments. Phenotypic data of the two populations suggested the presence of one gene which we have called Bdv3 to differentiate it from the previously reported orthologous gene Bdv2. Using the PCR-based molecular markers identified in this study, 5 out of 12 elite lines that showed good yields and no YDV symptoms contained Th. intermedium chromatin. Due to the multiple components involved in the YDV disease complex, combining selection for YDV resistance with the molecular markers and maps identified in this study will increase the efficiency of introgressing Th. intermedium chromatin containing YDV resistance or other beneficial traits into elite wheat germplasm. C1 [Ayala-Navarrete, Ligia] Plant Ind CSIRO, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Ayala-Navarrete, Ligia; Ohm, H.; Anderson, J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Thompson, N.; Anderson, J.] ARS, USDA, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Thompson, N.] BSES Ltd, Indooroopilly, Qld 4068, Australia. RP Ayala-Navarrete, L (reprint author), Plant Ind CSIRO, Clunies Ross & Barry Dr, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM Ligia.Ayala-Navarrete@csiro.au RI Ayala-Navarrete, Ligia/F-2173-2010; Thompson, Nicole/E-3505-2013 FU USDA-ARS CRIS [3602-21220-008-00D]; SCA [58-3602-2-152]; Purdue University FX The authors acknowledge financial support by USDA-ARS CRIS project 3602-21220-008-00D and SCA project 58-3602-2-152 and Purdue University Agricultural Research programs. Mention of a trademark, proprietary product, trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing scientific information; it does not constitute a guarantee, warranty, recommendation, or endorsement by the USDA and does not imply approval to the exclusion of other products that also may be suitable. We are grateful to Amanda Platteter and Katie Head for their technical assistance. A big thank you, to Phil Larkin for reading the final versions of this manuscript. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 121 IS 5 BP 961 EP 970 DI 10.1007/s00122-010-1365-y PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 639CM UT WOS:000280948400014 PM 20526575 ER PT J AU Hudy, M Coombs, JA Nislow, KH Letcher, BH AF Hudy, Mark Coombs, Jason A. Nislow, Keith H. Letcher, Benjamin H. TI Dispersal and Within-Stream Spatial Population Structure of Brook Trout Revealed by Pedigree Reconstruction Analysis SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; ATLANTIC SALMON; RESTRICTED MOVEMENT; RELATEDNESS; SURVIVAL; HABITAT; TRUTTA; PARADIGM; FAMILIES; FISH AB Spatial patterns of spawning and early dispersal have important implications for the population dynamics of stream-dwelling salmonids, but the limitations of marking technology have made it difficult to measure these processes in wild populations. We used microsatellite DNA markers and sibship and parentage analyses to follow the dispersal, spatial distribution, and distribution of reproductive success in a small, isolated western Virginia population of brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis at 4, 16, and 28 months after fry emergence. For the 2004 year-class (high-recruitment cohort), we identified 180 full-sibling families representing individual spawning events. Offspring were unevenly distributed across families, with 16% of the families accounting for 50% of the offspring and 53% of the families being represented by fewer than three individuals. However, a large proportion of adults had some successful reproduction. Spatial and family size distributions at 4 months after emergence were similar between the 2004 and 2006 (low-recruitment) year-classes in spite of a threefold difference in abundance. The spatial locations of full sibs were closely associated, indicating limited dispersal in the first 4 months postemergence. The spatial locations of assigned parents were correlated with the locations of their offspring. For the 2004 cohort, sibling dispersal substantially increased after the 4-month sample, but neither fish length, family size (number of individuals), nor fish density was related to dispersal distance at any postemergence time interval. In this study, we demonstrate the ability of sibship and parentage analyses to reveal important aspects of brook trout population structure and movement. Our results suggest that limited dispersal by age-0 brook trout and their parents results in a high level of within-stream spatial population structure even in the absence of barriers to movement, and this must be accounted for in genetic surveys and management studies. C1 [Hudy, Mark] James Madison Univ, US Forest Serv, Fish & Aquat Ecol Unit, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. [Coombs, Jason A.] Univ Massachusetts, Program Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Nislow, Keith H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Letcher, Benjamin H.] US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. RP Hudy, M (reprint author), James Madison Univ, US Forest Serv, Fish & Aquat Ecol Unit, Mail Stop Code 7801, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. EM hudymx@csm.jmu.edu RI Hudy, Mark/D-4106-2013 FU James Madison University, George Washington and Jefferson National Forest; Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries; U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station; U.S. Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center; Conte Anadromous Fish Research Laboratory FX The following organizations provided financial assistance or volunteer support: James Madison University, George Washington and Jefferson National Forest; Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries; U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station; and U.S. Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center; and Conte Anadromous Fish Research Laboratory. The authors are appreciative of the help of the following individuals: Seth Coffman, Jeremy Shiflet, Morgan McHugh, Brad Fink, Sara Sweeten, Keith Whalen, Teresa Thieling, Chas Kyger, Brad Trumbo, Eric Hallerman, and Gonzalo Mendez. NR 37 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0002-8487 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 139 IS 5 BP 1276 EP 1287 DI 10.1577/T10-027.1 PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 659VC UT WOS:000282594000002 ER PT J AU Dun, S Wu, JQ McCool, DK Frankenberger, JR Flanagan, DC AF Dun, S. Wu, J. Q. McCool, D. K. Frankenberger, J. R. Flanagan, D. C. TI IMPROVING FROST-SIMULATION SUBROUTINES OF THE WATER EROSION PREDICTION PROJECT (WEPP) MODEL SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Frost; Hydrologic modeling; Runoff Soil erosion; WEPP; Winter hydrology ID SOIL-EROSION; THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY; FREEZE-THAW; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; WINTER RUNOFF; FROZEN SOIL; SNOWMELT; RILL; STRENGTH; DEPTH AB Erosion models play an important role in assessing the influence of human activities on the environment. For cold areas, adequate frost simulation is crucial for predicting surface runoff and water erosion. The Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model is a physically based erosion prediction software program developed by the USDA. One of the major components of WEPP is the simulation of winter processes, which include snow accumulation and melt as well as soil freeze and thaw. WEPP is successfully used in the evaluation of important natural resource issues throughout the U.S. and in a number of other countries. However, previous studies revealed problems in the winter component of the WEPP model, especially the routine for frost simulation. The main purpose of this study was to improve the WEPP model (v2006.5) by changing the soil profile discretization and computation of key thermal and hydraulic parameters in the frost simulation routines so that the model can adequately simulate soil freeze-thaw and winter runoff and erosion. WEPP v2006.5 and the modified version (v2010.1) were applied to experimental plots in Pullman, Washington, and Morris, Minnesota. The simulated snow and frost depths as well as runoff and sediment yield were contrasted and compared with field observations; the results from v2010.1 showed substantial improvement compared to those from v2006.5. C1 [Dun, S.; Wu, J. Q.] Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [McCool, D. K.] ARS, USDA, Land Management & Water Conservat Res Unit, Pullman, WA USA. [Frankenberger, J. R.; Flanagan, D. C.] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN USA. RP Dun, S (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM dsh@wsu.edu NR 72 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1399 EP 1411 PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 687ZY UT WOS:000284818500004 ER PT J AU Van Pelt, RS Zobeck, TM Baddock, MC Cox, JJ AF Van Pelt, R. S. Zobeck, T. M. Baddock, M. C. Cox, J. J. TI DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, AND CALIBRATION OF A PORTABLE BOUNDARY LAYER WIND TUNNEL FOR FIELD USE SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Boundary layer; Dust emission; Erodibility; Field studies; Wind erosion; Wind tunnel ID FUGITIVE DUST; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; EROSION TUNNEL; VERTICAL FLUX; BLOWN SAND; SOIL; SIMULATION; ABRASION; EMISSION; SEDIMENT AB Wind erosion is a natural process that has formed landscapes but threatens sustainable agriculture in many locations. Wind tunnels have been used for several decades to study wind erosion processes. Portable wind tunnels offer the advantage of testing natural surfaces in the field, but they must be carefully designed to ensure that a logarithmic boundary layer is formed and that wind erosion processes may develop without interference from the tunnel structures. Although large portable tunnels often meet the aerodynamic criteria, their size and transportation requirements often limit the locations where they may be employed. We designed and built a self-contained portable wind tunnel that is easily transported on a tandem-axle trailer and pulled with a pickup truck. The wind tunnel uses a centrifugal blower, a flow-conditioning section with optional abrader material feed, and a 1 m tall and 0.5 m wide working section that can vary in length from 2 in to 6 m. The maximum wind velocity attainable is 18.7 m s(-1) although a mid-height centerline velocity of 12.6 m s(-1) is normally used for field testing of natural surfaces. Based on measured wind velocity profiles in the tunnel working section, a conservative estimate of boundary layer depth within the working section is 0.5 m. Even though no wind tunnel can truly duplicate the scale and variability of the forces that drive wind erosion, tunnels such as this one with deeply developed boundary layers offer reasonable estimates of dust emissions and erodibilities of natural surfaces. This wind tunnel has been used to test rangeland and cropped surfaces in several locations and has provided reliable and useable soil erodibility and dust emission data. C1 [Van Pelt, R. S.; Zobeck, T. M.; Baddock, M. C.; Cox, J. J.] ARS, USDA, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX USA. [Cox, J. J.] Texas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Van Pelt, RS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, Big Spring Field Stn, 302 W 1-20, Big Spring, TX 79720 USA. EM scott.vanpelt@ars.usda.gov RI Zobeck, Ted/A-6126-2012; Wei, Jianjian/F-7788-2011; Baddock, Matthew/A-5739-2012 OI Wei, Jianjian/0000-0001-8859-8462; Baddock, Matthew/0000-0003-1490-7511 NR 59 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1413 EP 1422 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 687ZY UT WOS:000284818500005 ER PT J AU Douglas-Mankin, KR Srinivasan, R Arnold, JG AF Douglas-Mankin, K. R. Srinivasan, R. Arnold, J. G. TI SOIL AND WATER ASSESSMENT TOOL (SWAT) MODEL: CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS AND APPLICATIONS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Hydrologic modeling; Hydrology; SWAT; Water quality; Watershed ID UNCERTAINTY; QUALITY AB This article introduces a special collection of 20 research articles that present current developments and applications of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The first objective is to review and introduce the research addressed within this special collection. The second objective is to summarize and synthesize the model performance statistics and parameters published in these articles to provide a succinct guide to complement a previous SWAT model summary. Recent SWAT developments in landscape representation, stream routing, and soil P dynamics are presented in this collection. Numerous critical applications of the SWAT model were conducted across a variety of landscape scales, climatic and physiographic regions, and pollutant sources. In this article, model performance in terms of coefficient of determination, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency, and percent bias across all the studies is summarized and found to be satisfactory or better in all cases. These results are then compiled with a previous synthesis of results to generate a comprehensive assessment of SWAT Model parameters used to calibrate the model for streamflow, sediment, N, and P in numerous studies are also summarized. This collection demonstrates that research in development and application of the SWAT model and associated tools continues to grow internationally in a wide range of settings and applications. C1 [Douglas-Mankin, K. R.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66503 USA. [Srinivasan, R.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX USA. [Srinivasan, R.] Texas A&M Univ, Spatial Sci Lab, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX USA. [Arnold, J. G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Douglas-Mankin, KR (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 129 Seaton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66503 USA. EM krdm@ksu.edu RI Srinivasan, R/D-3937-2009 NR 36 TC 125 Z9 131 U1 11 U2 75 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1423 EP 1431 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 687ZY UT WOS:000284818500006 ER PT J AU Arnold, JG Allen, PM Volk, M Williams, JR Bosch, DD AF Arnold, J. G. Allen, P. M. Volk, M. Williams, J. R. Bosch, D. D. TI ASSESSMENT OF DIFFERENT REPRESENTATIONS OF SPATIAL VARIABILITY ON SWAT MODEL PERFORMANCE SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Landscape processes; Subsurface flow; Surface runoff; SWAT watershed model ID WATER ASSESSMENT-TOOL; SOIL-MOISTURE; CENTRAL TEXAS; RUNOFF; SCALE; VALIDATION; CALIBRATION; FLOW; GENERATION; CATCHMENTS AB River basin management requires a spatially distributed representation of basin hydrology and nutrient transport processes. To accomplish this, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) watershed model was enhanced to simulate water flow across discretized landscape units. The model structure more closely reflects the complex controls on infiltration, runoff generation, run-on, and subsurface flow without requiring large computational resources or detailed parameterization. Four landscape delineation methods were compared: lumped, hydrologic response units (HRUs) or hydrotope, catena, and grid. The lumped method using dominant soil and land use and the HRU delineation do not consider landscape position when computing runoff. The catena method routes flow across a representative catena with divide, hillslope, and valley units. The distributed method divides the watershed into cells (1 ha each) for routing. All methods were calibrated and validated for the USDA-ARS Brushy Creek watershed (17.3 km(2)) near Riesel, Texas. The calibration results indicate that measured flow at the basin outlet is similar (daily N-S around 0.65) for all four models, or conversely, the new models (catena and grid) do as well as the existing models (lumped and HRU based) in predicting daily flow at the basin outlet. The advantage of the catena and grid models is that the impacts of spatial changes in land use and BMPs on the hillslope valley continuum can now be more realistically assessed. C1 [Arnold, J. G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Allen, P. M.] Baylor Univ, Dept Geol, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Volk, M.] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Leipzig, Germany. [Williams, J. R.] Texas AgriLife Res, Temple, TX USA. [Bosch, D. D.] USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Arnold, JG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM Jeff.Arnold@ars.usda.gov RI Volk, Martin/F-1172-2010 OI Volk, Martin/0000-0003-0064-8133 NR 61 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 3 U2 28 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1433 EP 1443 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 687ZY UT WOS:000284818500007 ER PT J AU Bosch, DD Arnold, JG Volk, M Allen, PM AF Bosch, D. D. Arnold, J. G. Volk, M. Allen, P. M. TI SIMULATION OF A LOW-GRADIENT COASTAL PLAIN WATERSHED USING THE SWAT LANDSCAPE MODEL SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Natural resource modeling; Surface hydrology; Watershed modeling ID NONPOINT-SOURCE POLLUTION; RIPARIAN BUFFER; SURFACE RUNOFF; SUBSURFACE FLOW; FILTER STRIPS; RIVER-BASIN; SEDIMENT; NUTRIENT; NITRATE; SOIL AB Accurate simulation of landscape processes in natural resource models requires spatial distribution of basin hydrology and transport processes. To better represent these processes, a landscape version of the SWAT model has been developed to simulate the runoff, run-on, and infiltration processes that typically occur in different parts of the landscape. The model addresses flow and transport across hydrologic response units prior to concentration in streams, and is capable of simulating flow and transport from higher landscape positions to lower positions. The SWAT landscape model was tested using data collected from a heavily vegetated riparian buffer system in the Atlantic Coastal Plain near Tifton, Georgia. Simulations of surface runoff lateral subsurface runoff and groundwater flow for an upland field, a grass buffer, and a sub-divided forested buffer floodplain were generated. Model results and field data indicate that surface runoff was dominant in the upland field, while groundwater flow was dominant in the grass buffer and the floodplain. While average annual surface runoff agreed satisfactorily with observations from the site, annual and monthly simulated values varied considerably from observed values. Simulated surface runoff tracked general trends in the observed data, but winter months and extreme events were overestimated while summer months were underestimated. Annual surface runoff predictions at the edge of the upland field varied from the observed data by 11% to 44%. The Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency for annual estimates of surface runoff at the field edge was 0.83 for the three-year calibration period. The results demonstrate the ability of the model to simulate the surface runoff and enhanced infiltration typically associated with riparian buffer systems. Additional revision of the model will likely be necessary to adequately represent redistribution of water between surface, lateral subsurface flow, and groundwater flow. C1 [Bosch, D. D.] USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Arnold, J. G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Volk, M.] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Landscape Ecol, Leipzig, Germany. [Allen, P. M.] Baylor Univ, Dept Geol, Waco, TX 76798 USA. RP Bosch, DD (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. EM David.bosch@ars.usda.gov RI Volk, Martin/F-1172-2010 OI Volk, Martin/0000-0003-0064-8133 NR 54 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1445 EP 1456 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 687ZY UT WOS:000284818500008 ER PT J AU Vadas, PA White, MJ AF Vadas, P. A. White, M. J. TI VALIDATING SOIL PHOSPHORUS ROUTINES IN THE SWAT MODEL SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Modeling; Phosphorus; Soil; SWAT ID CALCAREOUS SOILS; CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION; CONTINUOUS CULTIVATION; FERTILIZER PHOSPHORUS; ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; MANURE PHOSPHORUS; LAND-USE; DYNAMICS; TRANSFORMATIONS; RUNOFF AB Phosphorus transfer from agricultural soils to surface waters is an important environmental issue. Commonly used models like SWAT have not always been updated to reflect current understanding of soil P transformations and transfer to runoff The objective of this study was to validate the ability of routines in both SWAT2000 and SWAT2005 to initialize the quantity of P in different P pools (and thus soil total P) and simulate changes in the simulated solution P pool. Based on data from 40 published studies, results show that currently published equations to estimate the soil PSP parameter and SWAT's method of summing four soil P pools underpredict soil total P An underprediction of soil total could result in underprediction of P loss in runoff with eroded sediment. Conversely, the proposed alternative for estimating soil total P, which includes a new equation to estimate the soil PSP parameter and includes the solution P pool when summing soil P pools, resulted in accurate predictions of soil total P for 484 topsoil samples from 35 published studies. Results also show that both the SWAT routines and the routines proposed by a previous study for simulating changes in soil P were able to accurately predict long-term changes in soil solution P However, routines in both SWAT2000 and SWAT2005 may underpredict solution P for several weeks after P is added to soils. This could result in underprediction of dissolved inorganic P loss in runoff soon after a P application to soils. The routines proposed by the previous study would not result in similar underpredictions. C1 [Vadas, P. A.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [White, M. J.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Vadas, PA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM peter.vadas@ars.usda.gov NR 64 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1469 EP 1476 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 687ZY UT WOS:000284818500010 ER PT J AU Veith, TL Van Liew, MW Bosch, DD Arnold, JG AF Veith, T. L. Van Liew, M. W. Bosch, D. D. Arnold, J. G. TI PARAMETER SENSITIVITY AND UNCERTAINTY IN SWAT: A COMPARISON ACROSS FIVE USDA-ARS WATERSHEDS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE CEAP; Hydrology; Parameter uncertainty; Sensitivity; Simulation ID MODEL; SUBDIVISION; PREDICTIONS; CALIBRATION; SEDIMENT; FLOW AB The USDA-ARS Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) calls for improved understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of watershed-scale water quality models under a range of climatic, soil, topographic, and land use conditions. Assessing simulation model parameter sensitivity helps establish feasible parameter ranges, distinguish among parameters having regional versus universal interactions, and ensure that one model process does not compensate for another due to poor parameter settings. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) parameter sensitivity and autocalibration module was tested on two northern and three southern USDA-ARS experimental watersheds. These previously calibrated watersheds represent a range of climatic, physiographic, and land use conditions present in the U.S. Sixteen parameters that govern basin, snow accumulation/melt, surface, and subsurface response in the model were evaluated. Parameters governing surface runoff due to rainfall! were found most sensitive overall, while parameters governing groundwater were the least sensitive. Surface runoff parameters were found most sensitive for areas with high evaporation rates and localized thunderstorms. Parameters from all categories were important in areas where precipitation includes both rainfall and snowfall. Differences in model performance were noticeable on a climatic basis; SWAT generally predicted streamflow with less uncertainty in humid climates than in arid or semi-arid climates. Study findings can be used to determine appropriate parameter ranges for ungauged watersheds of similar characteristics. C1 [Veith, T. L.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Van Liew, M. W.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE USA. [Bosch, D. D.] USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Arnold, J. G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Veith, TL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, 3702 Curtin Rd, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM tamie.veith@ars.usda.gov RI Veith, Tamie/H-4911-2011 NR 36 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1477 EP 1486 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 687ZY UT WOS:000284818500011 ER PT J AU Whittaker, G Confesor, R Di Luzio, M Arnold, JG AF Whittaker, G. Confesor, R., Jr. Di Luzio, M. Arnold, J. G. TI DETECTION OF OVERPARAMETERIZATION AND OVERFITTING IN AN AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION OF SWAT SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Automatic calibration; Distributed hydrologic model; NSGA-II; Overfitting; Overparameterization; Regularization ID DISTRIBUTED MODEL; HYDROLOGIC-MODELS; NEXRAD DATA; OPTIMIZATION; SENSITIVITY; REDUCTION; ALGORITHM AB Distributed hydrologic models based on small-scale physical processes tend to have a large number of parameters to represent spatial heterogeneity. This characteristic requires the use of a large number of parameters in model calibration. It is a common view that calibration with a large number parameters produces overparameterization and overfitting. Recent work using prior information, spatial information, and constraints on parameters for regularization of the calibration problem has improved model predictions using a few dozen parameters. We demonstrate that the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) and the information associated with a SWAT watershed setup provide a regularized problem with many of recently published regularization techniques already utilized in SWAT Our hypothesis is that the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) regularizes the inverse problem so that a stable solution can be obtained for calibration of SWAT using a very large number of parameters, where very large means up to 10,000 calibration parameters. In this study, a two-objective calibration genetic algorithm based on a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) was used to calibrate the Blue River basin in Oklahoma. We introduce the use of intermediate solutions found by the genetic algorithm to test identification of calibration parameters and diagnose model overfitting. Defining identification as the capability of a model to constrain the estimation of parameters, we introduced a method for statistically testing for changes from the initial uniform distribution of each parameter. We found that all 4,198 parameters used to calculate the Blue River SWAT model were identified. Diagnostic comparisons of goodness-of-fit measures for the calibration and validation periods provided strong evidence that the model was not overfitted. C1 [Whittaker, G.] USDA ARS, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Confesor, R., Jr.] Heidelberg Univ, Natl Ctr Water Qual Res, Tiffin, OH USA. [Di Luzio, M.] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Blackland Res Ctr, Temple, TX USA. [Arnold, J. G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Whittaker, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, 3450 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Jerry.whittaker@ars.usda.gov NR 46 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1487 EP 1499 PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 687ZY UT WOS:000284818500012 ER PT J AU Sexton, AM Sadeghi, AM Zhang, X Srinivasan, R Shirmohammadi, A AF Sexton, A. M. Sadeghi, A. M. Zhang, X. Srinivasan, R. Shirmohammadi, A. TI USING NEXRAD AND RAIN GAUGE PRECIPITATION DATA FOR HYDROLOGIC CALIBRATION OF SWAT IN A NORTHEASTERN WATERSHED SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Hydrologic modeling; Model calibration; MPE; NEXRAD; Rain gauge; SWAT ID CATCHMENT MODELS; STORM MOVEMENT; RIVER-BASIN; TEXAS; DIRECTION; FLOW AB The value of watershed-scale, hydrologic and water quality models to ecosystem management is increasingly evident as more programs adopt these tools to evaluate the effectiveness of different management scenarios and their impact on the environment. Quality of precipitation data is critical for appropriate application of watershed models. In small watersheds, where no dense rain gauge network is available, modelers are faced with a dilemma to choose between different data sets. In this study, we used the German Branch (GB) watershed (similar to 50 km(2)), which is included in the USDA Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP), to examine the implications of using surface rain gauge and next-generation radar (NEXRAD) precipitation data sets on the performance of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The GB watershed is located in the Coastal Plain of Maryland on the eastern shore of Chesapeake Bay. Stream flow estimation results using surface rain gauge data seem to indicate the importance of using rain gauges within the same direction as the storm pattern with respect to the watershed. In the absence of a spatially representative network of rain gauges within the watershed, NEXRAD data produced good estimates of stream flow at the outlet of the watershed. Three NEXRAD datasets, including (1) non-corrected (NC), (2) bias-corrected (BC), and (3) inverse distance weighted (IDW) corrected NEXRAD data, were produced. Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficients for daily stream flow simulation using these three NEXRAD data ranged from 0.46 to 0.58 during calibration and from 0.68 to 0.76 during validation. Overall, correcting NEXRAD with rain gauge data is promising to produce better hydrologic modeling results. Given the multiple precipitation datasets and corresponding simulations, we explored the combination of the multiple simulations using Bayesian model averaging. The results show that this Bayesian scheme can produce better deterministic prediction than any single simulation and can provide reasonable uncertainty estimation. The optimal water balance obtained in this study is an essential precursor to acquiring realistic estimates of sediment and nutrient loads in future GB modeling efforts. The results presented in this study are expected to provide insights into selecting precipitation data for watershed modeling in small Coastal Plain catchments. C1 [Sexton, A. M.; Sadeghi, A. M.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Sexton, A. M.] Univ Maryland, Fischell Dept Bioengn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Zhang, X.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD USA. [Srinivasan, R.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, Spatial Sci Lab, College Stn, TX USA. [Shirmohammadi, A.] Univ Maryland, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Sexton, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,BARC W Bldg 007, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM aisha.sexton@gmail.com RI zhang, xuesong/B-7907-2009; Srinivasan, R/D-3937-2009 NR 39 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1501 EP 1510 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 687ZY UT WOS:000284818500013 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, R Zhang, X Arnold, J AF Srinivasan, R. Zhang, X. Arnold, J. TI SWAT UNGAUGED: HYDROLOGICAL BUDGET AND CROP YIELD PREDICTIONS IN THE UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER BASIN SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Crop yield; Soil and Water Assessment Tool; Streamflow; Ungauged basin; Upper Mississippi River basin ID GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; MODEL EVALUATION; WATER-QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; UNCERTAINTY; CALIBRATION; VALIDATION; ALGORITHMS; FUTURE; REGIONALIZATION AB Physically based, distributed hydrologic models are increasingly used in assessments of water resources, best management practices, and climate and land use changes. Model performance evaluation in ungauged basins is an important research topic. In this study, we propose a framework for developing Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) input data, including hydrography, terrain, land use, soil, tile, weather, and management practices, for the Upper Mississippi River basin (UMRB). We also present a performance evaluation of SWAT hydrologic budget and crop yield simulations in the UMRB without calibration. The uncalibrated SWAT model ably predicts annual streamflow at 11 USGS gauges and crop yield at a four-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC) scale. For monthly streamflow simulation, the performance of SWAT is marginally poor compared with that of annual flow, which may be due to incomplete information about reservoirs and dams within the UMRB. Further validation shows that SWAT can predict base flow contribution ratio reasonably well. Compared with three calibrated SWAT models developed in previous studies of the entire UMRB, the uncalibrated SWAT model presented here can provide similar results. Overall, the SWAT model can provide satisfactory predictions on hydrologic budget and crop yield in the UMRB without calibration. The results emphasize the importance and prospects of using accurate spatial input data for the physically based SWAT model. This study also examines biofuel-biomass production by simulating all agricultural lands with switchgrass, producing satisfactory results in estimating biomass availability for biofuel production. C1 [Srinivasan, R.] Texas A&M Univ, Spatial Sci Lab, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Srinivasan, R.] Texas A&M Univ, Spatial Sci Lab, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Zhang, X.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD USA. [Arnold, J.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Srinivasan, R (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Spatial Sci Lab, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, 1500 Res Pkwy,Suite B223, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM r-srinivasan@tamu.edu RI zhang, xuesong/B-7907-2009; Srinivasan, R/D-3937-2009 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EPA G-1469-1 2008-35615-04666]; U.S. Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX This study is partially supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Science to Achieve Results (STAR) award (EPA G-1469-1 2008-35615-04666). Dr. Xuesong Zhang is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494). NR 53 TC 101 Z9 103 U1 1 U2 35 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1533 EP 1546 PG 14 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 687ZY UT WOS:000284818500016 ER PT J AU Chiang, L Chaubey, I Gitau, MW Arnold, JG AF Chiang, L. Chaubey, I. Gitau, M. W. Arnold, J. G. TI DIFFERENTIATING IMPACTS OF LAND USE CHANGES FROM PASTURE MANAGEMENT IN A CEAP WATERSHED USING THE SWAT MODEL SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP); Land use changes; Pasture management; SWAT model ID EFFECTS ASSESSMENT PROJECT; CONSERVATION PRACTICES; PHOSPHORUS INDEX; STREAM CHEMISTRY; NUTRIENT LOSSES; ASSESSMENT-TOOL; RIVER-BASIN; QUALITY; SOIL; RUNOFF AB Due to intensive farm practices, nonpoint-source (NPS) pollution has become one of the most challenging environmental problems in agricultural and mixed land use watersheds. Usually, various conservation practices are implemented in the watershed to control the NPS pollution problem. However, land use changes can mask the water quality improvements from the conservation practices implemented in the watershed. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the linkage between nutrient input from various pasture management practices and water quality, and to quantify the impacts of land use changes and pasture management on water quality in a pasture-dominated watershed. Land use data from 1992, 1994, 1996, 1999, 2001, and 2004 were evaluated for the land use changes in the watershed, and the corresponding implemented management practices were also incorporated into the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The individual impacts of land use change and pasture management were quantified by comparing the SWAT simulation results for different land use change and pasture management scenarios. The results indicated that land use changes resulted in greater total sediment (499 kg ha(-1)) and nitrogen losses (3.8 kg ha(-1)) in the Moores Creek subwatershed, whereas pasture management resulted in greater total nitrogen losses (4.3 kg ha(-1)) in the Beatty Branch subwatershed. Overall, the combined impacts of land use changes and pasture management resulted in greater total sediment (28 to 764 kg ha(-1) of cumulative combined impacts between 1992 and 2007) and nitrogen losses (5.1 to 6.1 kg ha(-1)) and less total phosphorus losses (1.5 to 2.1 kg ha(-1)) in the Beatty Branch, Upper Moores Creek, and Moores Creek subwatersheds. By quantifying the individual impacts of land use changes and pasture management, we found that an increase in total nitrogen losses in the Beatty Branch subwatershed was mainly due to an increase in nutrient inputs in the pasture areas, and total sediment and nitrogen losses in the Moores Creek subwatershed were mainly due to an increase in urban lands. Therefore, the individual impacts of land use changes and conservation practices should be quantified to get a true picture of the success of CEAP programs in watersheds experiencing significant land use changes. C1 [Chaubey, I.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Chaubey, I.] Purdue Univ, Div Environm & Ecol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Gitau, M. W.] Florida A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Syst Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. [Arnold, J. G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Chaubey, I (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ichaubey@purdue.edu FU USDA-CSREES [2005-486119-03334]; NSF FX This study was supported by the USDA-CSREES under the Conservation Effects Assessment Program (CEAP) (Project No. 2005-486119-03334). We acknowledge the support by the NSF-TeraGrid program to provide access to the Condor network for model simulations and the technical support by the Purdue University High-Performance Computing Center. Help provided by John Pennington and Marc Nelson in collecting the watershed data was instrumental to complete this study. Detailed comments provided by three anonymous reviewers and the associate editor greatly improved an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 54 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1569 EP 1584 PG 16 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 687ZY UT WOS:000284818500019 ER PT J AU Baffaut, C Sadeghi, A AF Baffaut, C. Sadeghi, A. TI BACTERIA MODELING WITH SWAT FOR ASSESSMENT AND REMEDIATION STUDIES: A REVIEW SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Review DE Bacteria; Bacteria fate and transport; E. coli; Fecal coliform; Modeling; Watershed ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FECAL-COLIFORMS; BROILER LITTER; TRANSPORT; SOIL; MANURE; RUNOFF; FATE; PATHOGENS; SYSTEMS AB A module to simulate bacteria fate and transport in watersheds was first tested in SWAT 2000 and filly integrated into the SWAT2005 code. Since then, few investigators have utilized SWAT to model bacteria fate and transport in spite of bacteria being a major cause of streams impairment in the U.S. In this article, bacteria equations are briefly presented. Modeling applications, which range from 16 to 3,870 km(2), from Missouri, Kansas, and Georgia in the U.S. and from Brittany in France, are reviewed, highlighting the modeling successes and the challenges. In all cases, land use included agricultural and forested land with a mix of point and nonpoint sources. Nonpoint sources included indirect (manure deposited on land) and direct contributions from cattle or wildlife to the streams. In some cases, urban and residential contributions were included. Strategies to represent the different sources, calibration methods, and goodness of fit were compared. Changes to the model's code that were necessary to handle contributions from urban areas were reviewed. Overall, SWAT reasonably simulated the range and frequencies of bacteria concentrations. In all cases, direct bacteria inputs into streams appeared to have a major impact on the model results. This review also indicates that the model processes that simulate the release and transport of bacteria in surface runoff may need to be revisited. This improvement could enable SWAT to be more reliable for predicting bacteria concentrations and evaluating she impact of different management scenarios on bacteria contributions to surface water resources. C1 [Baffaut, C.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, CSWQRU, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Sadeghi, A.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Baffaut, C (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, CSWQRU, 241 Agr Engn Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM claire.baffaut@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 35 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1585 EP 1594 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 687ZY UT WOS:000284818500020 ER PT J AU Ghebremichael, LT Veith, TL Watzin, MC AF Ghebremichael, L. T. Veith, T. L. Watzin, M. C. TI DETERMINATION OF CRITICAL SOURCE AREAS FOR PHOSPHORUS LOSS: LAKE CHAMPLAIN BASIN, VERMONT SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Critical source area; Lake Champlain; Phosphorus; SWAT ID EXTRACTABLE SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; WATERSHED-SCALE; AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; SWAT MODEL; RUNOFF; CALIBRATION; UNCERTAINTY; STREAMFLOW; TRANSPORT AB Lake Champlain, located between Vermont, New York, and Quebec, exhibits eutrophication due to continuing phosphorus (P) inputs from upstream nonpoint-source areas. To address the effects of this eutrophication and as part of total maximum daily load (TMDL) requirements, state-level P reduction goals have been established by both the Vermont and New York Departments of Environmental Conservation. Unfortunately, remedial measures undertaken thus far have been mostly based on voluntary participation by the landowners and have not been guided by a systematic technique to implement remedial measures where they could provide the greatest P loss reduction. Consequently, P reduction goals have not been achieved in most segments of Lake Champlain. The main objective of this study was to identify and quantify critical source areas (CSAs) of P loss using a model-based approach. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is used for this objective. This study focuses on the Rock River watershed, which is one of the highest contributors of P to Lake Champlain. Spread over 71 km(2), the watershed is dominated by dairy agriculture and has fertile periglacial lacustrine and alluvial soils with an old tile drainage system. In this agriculture-dominated watershed, 80% of total P loss occurs from only 24% of the watershed area, signifying the need for focused remedial measures on CSAs of P loss. The identification of CSAs for P loss is expected to support the next phase of our project, which involves exploring cost-effective P management strategies with the highest potential for P loss reduction applicable to the study watershed and Lake Champlain basin. C1 [Ghebremichael, L. T.; Watzin, M. C.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05401 USA. [Veith, T. L.] USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA USA. RP Ghebremichael, LT (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, 3 Coll St, Burlington, VT 05401 USA. EM lghebrem@uvm.edu RI Veith, Tamie/H-4911-2011 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Vermont Agency of Natural Resources, Clean and Clear FX The work presented herein is part of a project entitled "An Environmental Accounting System to Track Nonpoint-Source Phosphorus Pollution in the Lake Champlain Basin" funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through the Lake Champlain Basin Program and the Vermont Agency of Natural Resources, Clean and Clear Program. The authors also would like to thank the Spatial Analysis Laboratory, University of Vermont, and USDA-NRCS for providing spatial data representing the study watershed and Dr. Heather Darby, University of Vermont Extension; Brian Jerose, WASTE NOT Resource Solutions, Enosburg Falls, Vermont; and Laura DiPietro, Vermont Agency of Agriculture, Food and Markets, for providing management input data. NR 39 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 37 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1595 EP 1604 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 687ZY UT WOS:000284818500021 ER PT J AU Narasimhan, B Srinivasan, R Bednarz, ST Ernst, MR Allen, PM AF Narasimhan, B. Srinivasan, R. Bednarz, S. T. Ernst, M. R. Allen, P. M. TI A COMPREHENSIVE MODELING APPROACH FOR RESERVOIR WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT DUE TO POINT AND NONPOINT SOURCE POLLUTION SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Channel erosion; Eutrophication; Hydrologic modeling; QUAL-2E; Reservoir water quality; SWAT; WASP; Watershed management plan ID EUTROPHICATION; VALIDATION AB A comprehensive modeling approach has been developed for use in formulating a watershed management plan to improve the water quality of Cedar Creek reservoir, one of five large water supply reservoirs in north central Texas operated by Tarrant Regional Water District. Eutrophication, or specifically the increase in concentrations of chlorophyll-a (chl'a') over the last 18 years, is a major concern for the water managers. To develop a watershed management plan, the watershed model SWAT was linked with the lake eutrophication model WASP Several intensive field campaigns and surveys were conducted to collect extensive water quality and land management data for model setup and calibration. In addition to the streamflow, the SWAT model was well calibrated for sediment (including channel erosion) and nutrients. Further, a simple modification to the SWAT in-stream routine allowed simulation of the nutrient load due to channel erosion. The in-stream water quality parameters for SWAT were based on an independent QUAL-2E model calibration. The calibrated SWAT model showed that more than 85% of the total N and total P loading to the lake are from watershed nonpoint sources. Although cropland occupies only 6% of the watershed area, it contributed inure than 43% of the sediment, 23% of total N, and 42% of total P loading from the watershed. The channel erosion contributed about 35% of the total sediment load. The watershed model identified subbasins that contribute considerable amounts of sediment and nutrients. Based on these loads, the calibrated WASP model showed that the watershed nonpoint-source nutrient load (total N and total P) should be reduced by at least 35% to see a significant reduction in chl'a' concentrations when compared to the WASP calibration levels. C1 [Narasimhan, B.] Indian Inst Technol Madras, Dept Civil Engn, EWRE 29, Madras 600036, Tamil Nadu, India. [Srinivasan, R.] Texas A&M Univ, Spatial Sci Lab, College Stn, TX USA. [Bednarz, S. T.] USDA NRCS, Temple, TX USA. [Ernst, M. R.] Tarrant Reg Water Dist, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Allen, P. M.] Baylor Univ, Dept Geol, Waco, TX 76798 USA. RP Narasimhan, B (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol Madras, Dept Civil Engn, EWRE 29, Madras 600036, Tamil Nadu, India. EM nbalaji@iitm.ac.in RI Srinivasan, R/D-3937-2009; Narasimhan, Balaji/H-6050-2011 OI Narasimhan, Balaji/0000-0003-2609-9320 NR 17 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 28 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2010 VL 53 IS 5 BP 1605 EP 1617 PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 687ZY UT WOS:000284818500022 ER PT J AU Laikre, L Schwartz, MK Waples, RS Ryman, N AF Laikre, Linda Schwartz, Michael K. Waples, Robin S. Ryman, Nils CA GeM Working Grp TI Compromising genetic diversity in the wild: unmonitored large-scale release of plants and animals SO TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION LA English DT Review ID STOCK-ENHANCEMENT PROGRAMS; EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; RED DRUM; ATLANTIC SALMON; NATURAL HYBRIDIZATION; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; GENOTYPIC DIVERSITY; PACIFIC SALMON; BROWN TROUT; TEXAS BAYS AB Large-scale exploitation of wild animals and plants through fishing, hunting and logging often depends on augmentation through releases of translocated or captively raised individuals. Such releases are performed worldwide in vast numbers. Augmentation can be demographically and economically beneficial but can also cause four types of adverse genetic change to wild populations: (1) loss of genetic variation, (2) loss of adaptations, (3) change of population composition, and (4) change of population structure. While adverse genetic impacts are recognized and documented in fisheries, little effort is devoted to actually monitoring them. In forestry and wildlife management, genetic risks associated with releases are largely neglected. We outline key features of programs to effectively monitor consequences of such releases on natural populations. C1 [Laikre, Linda; Ryman, Nils] Stockholm Univ, Dept Zool, Div Populat Genet, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Schwartz, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Waples, Robin S.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. RP Laikre, L (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Dept Zool, Div Populat Genet, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. EM linda.laikre@popgen.su.se RI Hansen, Michael/I-5979-2013; Schwartz, Michael/C-3184-2014; Olivieri, Isabelle/E-5872-2016; Waples, Robin/K-1126-2016 OI Hansen, Michael/0000-0001-5372-4828; Schwartz, Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367; FU National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NSF) [EF-0423641]; U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-0553768]; University of California, Santa Barbara; State of California; Swedish Research Council; Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (Formas); BONUS Baltic Organisations' Network for Funding Science EEIG FX We thank three anonymous reviewers for valuable comments and suggestions. We also thank John Gold and Michael Tringali for information about red drum. This work was conducted as part of the 'Working Group on Genetic Monitoring: Development of Tools for Conservation and Management' supported by the National Evolutionary Synthesis Center (NSF #EF-0423641) and the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, a Center funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF #DEB-0553768), the University of California, Santa Barbara, and the State of California. L.L. and N.R. acknowledge financial support from The Swedish Research Council, The Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning (Formas), and the BONUS Baltic Organisations' Network for Funding Science EEIG (the Balt Gene research project). NR 97 TC 163 Z9 168 U1 12 U2 143 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0169-5347 J9 TRENDS ECOL EVOL JI Trends Ecol. Evol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 25 IS 9 BP 520 EP 529 DI 10.1016/j.tree.2010.06.013 PG 10 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 647YT UT WOS:000281657500009 PM 20688414 ER PT J AU Kuiken, T van den Brand, J van Riel, D Pantin-Jackwood, M Swayne, DE AF Kuiken, T. van den Brand, J. van Riel, D. Pantin-Jackwood, M. Swayne, D. E. TI Comparative Pathology of Select Agent Influenza A Virus Infections SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE animal models; influenza; pathobiology; pathogenesis; select agents ID LOWER RESPIRATORY-TRACT; DUCKS ANAS-PLATYRHYNCHOS; GEESE BRANTA-CANADENSIS; 1918 PANDEMIC VIRUS; AVIAN INFLUENZA; HONG-KONG; H5N1 VIRUS; CYNOMOLGUS MACAQUES; HEMAGGLUTININ GENE; DISTRESS-SYNDROME AB Influenza A virus infections may spread rapidly in human populations and cause variable mortality. Two of these influenza viruses have been designated as select agents: 1918 H1N1 virus and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus. Knowledge of the pathology of these virus infections in humans, other naturally infected species, and experimental animals is important to understand the pathogenesis of influenza, to design appropriate models for evaluation of medical countermeasures, and to make correct diagnoses. The most important complication of influenza in humans is viral pneumonia, which often occurs with or is followed by bacterial pneumonia. Viremia and extrarespiratory disease are uncommon. HPAI viruses, including HPAI H5N1 virus, cause severe systemic disease in galliform species as well as in anseriform species and bird species of other orders. HPAI H5N1 virus infection also causes severe disease in humans and several species of carnivores. Experimental animals are used to model different aspects of influenza in humans, including uncomplicated influenza, pneumonia, and virus transmission. The most commonly used experimental animal species are laboratory mouse, domestic ferret, and cynomolgus macaque. Experimental influenza virus infections are performed in various other species, including domestic pig, guinea pig, and domestic cat. Each of these species has advantages and disadvantages that need to be assessed before choosing the most appropriate model to reach a particular goal. Such animal models may be applied for the development of more effective antiviral drugs and vaccines to protect humans from the threat of these virus infections. C1 [Kuiken, T.; van den Brand, J.; van Riel, D.] Erasmus Med Coll, Dept Virol, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Pantin-Jackwood, M.; Swayne, D. E.] ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Kuiken, T (reprint author), Erasmus Med Coll, Dept Virol, POB 2040, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM t.kuiken@erasmusmc.nl FU US Department of Agriculture [6612-32000-048-00D]; Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs; VIRGO consortium; Dutch Government [BSIK 03012] FX This work was supported by US Department of Agriculture Current Research Information System project No. 6612-32000-048-00D (M.P.J., D.E.S.), Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs grant Impuls Veterinair Influenza Onderzoek Nederland, and VIRGO consortium, an Innovative Cluster approved by the Netherlands Genomics Initiative and partially funded by the Dutch Government (BSIK 03012; T.K., D.V.R.). NR 164 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 47 IS 5 BP 893 EP 914 DI 10.1177/0300985810378651 PG 22 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 675BN UT WOS:000283798900012 PM 20682805 ER PT J AU Spear, A Sisterson, MS Yokomi, R Stenger, DC AF Spear, Allyn Sisterson, Mark S. Yokomi, Raymond Stenger, Drake C. TI Plant-feeding insects harbor double-stranded RNA viruses encoding a novel proline-alanine rich protein and a polymerase distantly related to that of fungal viruses SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Threecornered alfalfa hopper; Spissistilus festinus; Beet leafhopper; Circulifer tenellus ID DSRNA VIRUSES; SEQUENCE; REGIONS; GENES; ESCRT AB Novel double-stranded RNAs (similar to 8 kbp) were isolated from threecomered alfalfa hopper (Spissistilus festinus) and beet leafhopper (Circulifer tenellus), two plant-feeding hemipteran insect pests. The two new viruses, designated Spissistilus festinus virus 1 (SpFV1) and Circuhler tenellus virus 1 (CiTV1), do not appear to be encapsidated in conventional virions and shared a genome organization similar to that of several unclassified fungal viruses. SpFV1 and CiTV1 encode a proline-alanine rich protein (PArp) and an RNA-directed RNA polymerase (RdRp). Expression of the 3'-proximal RdRp ORF appears to result from -1 translational frameshifting of the PArp ORF. Phylogenetic analysis of the RdRp indicated that SpFV1 and CiTV1 were most closely related to each other and the unclassified plant virus Cucurbit yellows associated virus, and more distantly related to the unclassified fungal dsRNA viruses Phlebiopsis gigantea virus 2 and Fusarium graminearum virus 3. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Spear, Allyn; Sisterson, Mark S.; Yokomi, Raymond; Stenger, Drake C.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Stenger, DC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM drake.stenger@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD SEP 1 PY 2010 VL 404 IS 2 BP 304 EP 311 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2010.05.015 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 629OP UT WOS:000280209800018 PM 20541786 ER PT J AU Wu, ZJ Wu, JG Adkins, S Xie, LH Li, WM AF Wu, Zujian Wu, Jianguo Adkins, Scott Xie, Lianhui Li, Weimin TI Rice ragged stunt virus segment S6-encoded nonstructural protein Pns6 complements cell-to-cell movement of Tobacco mosaic virus-based chimeric virus SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Rice ragged stunt virus; Pns6; Cell-to-cell movement ID VIRAL MOVEMENT; DEFECTIVE RNAS; SPIKE PROTEIN; NSM PROTEIN; ORYZAVIRUS; GENOME; TRANSPORT; PLANTS; TRANSMISSION; ENCODES AB The protein(s) that support intercellular movement of Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV) have not yet been identified. In this study, the role of three nonstructural proteins Pns6, Pns7 and Pns10 in cell-to-cell movement were determined with a movement-deficient Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) vector. The results showed that only the Pns6 could complement the cell-to-cell movement of the movement-deficient TMV in Nicotiana tabacum Xanthi nc and N. benthamiana plants, and both N- and C-terminal 50 amino acids of Pns6 were essential for the cell-to-cell movement. Transient expression in epidermal cells from N. benthamiana showed that the Pns6-eGFP fusion protein was present predominantly along the cell wall as well as a few punctate sites perhaps indicating plasmodesmata. Taken together with previous finding that the Pns6 has nucleic acid-binding activity (Shao et al., 2004), the possible role of Pns6 in cell-to-cell movement of RRSV were discussed. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, Zujian; Wu, Jianguo; Xie, Lianhui; Li, Weimin] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Inst Plant Virol, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, Peoples R China. [Adkins, Scott] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Xie, LH (reprint author), Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Inst Plant Virol, Fuzhou 350002, Fujian, Peoples R China. EM xielh@fjau.edu.cn; liwm518@hotmail.com FU Major Project of Chinese National Programs for Fundamental Research and Development [2010CB126203]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30970135]; Fujian Province Education Department [JB08078]; Fujian Human Resource Bureau FX We thank Dr. Dennis Lewandowski, Department of Plant Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA, for providing the TMVcpGFP and NN-MP(+) plants. This research was supported by the Major Project of Chinese National Programs for Fundamental Research and Development (grant no. 2010CB126203), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 30970135), the Fujian Province Education Department (grant no. JB08078). We are also grateful for the support of the Fujian Human Resource Bureau to W. Li. NR 31 TC 17 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 152 IS 1-2 BP 176 EP 179 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2010.06.003 PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA 644FX UT WOS:000281360300020 PM 20541571 ER PT J AU Ahiablame, L Chaubey, I Smith, D AF Ahiablame, Laurent Chaubey, Indrajeet Smith, Douglas TI Nutrient Content at the Sediment-Water Interface of Tile-Fed Agricultural Drainage Ditches SO WATER LA English DT Article DE sediments; EPCo; nutrient dynamics; sediment interactions; drainage ditches AB Extensive network of tile drains present in the Midwest USA accelerate losses of nutrients to receiving ditches, rivers and eventually to the Gulf of Mexico. Nutrient inputs from agricultural watersheds and their role in affecting water quality have received increased attention recently; however, benthic sediment-nutrient interactions in tile-fed drainage ditches is still a matter of active research in consideration to nutrient discharge from tile drains. In this study, phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) contents and variability of nutrient retention ability of benthic sediments upstream and downstream from tile drain outlets were evaluated in managed agricultural drainage ditches in Indiana. Sediment samples were collected every three months upstream and downstream from selected tile drains in three ditches in northwest Indiana. Sediment equilibrium P concentrations (EPCo) were measured to examine P adsorption-desorption and equilibrium characteristics of benthic sediments in the ditches. P sorption index (PSI), exchangeable P (ExP), and exchangeable NH4+-N (ExN) were measured to evaluate nutrient retention ability and readily available nutrient content of benthic sediments. Results indicated a dynamic interaction between benthic sediment and overlying water column where sediments were acting as a sink or a source of P. There were no differences in nutrient retention ability between sediments collected upstream and sediments collected downstream from the selected tile drains. While the data, except for ExN, was comparable to reported values by previous studies in Indiana's drainage ditches, there was no particular seasonal pattern in the content of exchangeable nutrient content in sediments at all three sites. This study also suggested that nutrient uptake by benthic sediments in these drainage ditches is not always efficient; therefore watershed management should focus on minimizing the delivery of nutrients into ditches while maintaining their drainage functionality. C1 [Ahiablame, Laurent; Chaubey, Indrajeet] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Smith, Douglas] ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, USDA, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Chaubey, I (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, 225 S Univ St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM lamah@purdue.edu; ichaubey@purdue.edu; drsmith@purdue.edu FU Ivanhoe Foundation FX The authors are grateful to the Ivanhoe Foundation for financial assistance; Sheila Harris, Chetan Maringanti, Katie Merriman, Li-Chi Chiang, Shashank Singh, and Rahul Bhutani for assistance during data collection in the field and/or in the lab; Yang Zhao in the Department of Statistics at Purdue University; Jeremy Schulman and Nicole De Armond for technical assistance in the lab. The authors would like to thank anonymous reviewers for their technical critics and comments that improved the earlier version of this manuscript. NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 20 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2073-4441 J9 WATER-SUI JI Water PD SEP PY 2010 VL 2 IS 3 BP 411 EP 428 DI 10.3390/w2030411 PG 18 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA V26OU UT WOS:000208555700006 ER PT J AU Tuppad, P Kannan, N Srinivasan, R Rossi, CG Arnold, JG AF Tuppad, Pushpa Kannan, Narayanan Srinivasan, Raghavan Rossi, Colleen G. Arnold, Jeffrey G. TI Simulation of Agricultural Management Alternatives for Watershed Protection SO WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE SWAT; Watershed modeling; Best Management Practice (BMP); Streambank stabilization; Gully plugs; Recharge structures; Terrace; Filter strips ID NONPOINT-SOURCE POLLUTION; SOUTHERN PLAINS; SEDIMENT YIELD; TURFGRASS SOD; BASE-FLOW; QUALITY; MODEL; UNCERTAINTY; SWAT; SUBDIVISION AB The Bosque River Watershed in Texas is facing a suite of water quality issues including excess sediment, nutrient, and bacteria. The sources of the pollutants are improperly managed cropland and grazing land, dairy manure application, and effluent discharge from wastewater treatment facilities. Several best management practices (BMPs) have been proposed for pollution reduction and watershed protection. The overall objectives of this study were to demonstrate a modeling approach using Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to simulate various BMPs and assess their long-term impacts on sediment and nutrient loads at different spatial levels. The SWAT model was calibrated and validated for long-term annual and monthly flows at Valley Mills and for monthly sediment, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) at Hico and Valley Mills monitoring locations. The BMPs including streambank stabilization, gully plugs, recharge structures, conservation tillage, terraces, contour farming, manure incorporation, filter strips, and PL-566 reservoirs were simulated in the watershed areas that met the respective practice's specific criteria for implementation. These BMPs were represented in the pre- and post-conditions by modifying one or more channel parameters (channel cover, erodibility, Manning's n), curve number (CN), support practice factor (P-factor), filter strip width, and tillage parameters (mixing efficiency, mixing depth). The BMPs were simulated individually and the resulting Hydrologic Response Units (HRUs), subwatershed, and watershed level impacts were quantified for each BMP. Sensitivity of model output values to input parameters used to represent the BMPs was also evaluated. Implementing individual BMPs reduced sediment loads from 3% to 37% and TN loads from 1% to 24% at the watershed outlet; however, the changes in TP loads ranged from 3% increase to 30% decrease. Higher reductions were simulated at the subwatershed and HRU levels. Among the parameters analyzed for sensitivity, P-factor and CN were most sensitive followed by Manning's n. The TN and TP outputs were not sensitive to channel cover. This study showed that the SWAT modeling approach could be used to simulate and assess the effectiveness of agricultural best management practices. C1 [Tuppad, Pushpa; Kannan, Narayanan; Srinivasan, Raghavan] Texas A&M Syst, Texas AgriLife Res, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Rossi, Colleen G.; Arnold, Jeffrey G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Tuppad, P (reprint author), Texas A&M Syst, Texas AgriLife Res, 720 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM ptuppad@brc.tamus.edu RI Srinivasan, R/D-3937-2009 NR 67 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 9 U2 62 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-4741 J9 WATER RESOUR MANAG JI Water Resour. Manag. PD SEP PY 2010 VL 24 IS 12 BP 3115 EP 3144 DI 10.1007/s11269-010-9598-8 PG 30 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 644RZ UT WOS:000281398500016 ER PT J AU Pepper, MA Shriver, WG AF Pepper, Margaret A. Shriver, W. Gregory TI Effects of Open Marsh Water Management on the Reproductive Success and Nesting Ecology of Seaside Sparrows in Tidal Marshes SO WATERBIRDS LA English DT Article DE marsh management; mosquito control; nest survival; reproductive ecology; salt marsh; Seaside Sparrow; territory density ID SALT-MARSH; LAND-USE; PREDATION; POPULATIONS; SURVIVAL; PATTERNS; HABITAT AB Open marsh water management (OMWM), a method of mosquito reduction through habitat alteration, is widely practiced in Mid-Atlantic salt marshes. The effect of these habitat modifications on obligate salt marsh breeding birds is poorly understood. The present study was conducted to quantify the extent of OMWM and determine if the technique affected Seaside Sparrow (Ammodramus maritimus) reproductive success and nesting ecology. Seaside Sparrow territory density, nest density, nest survival, productivity and vegetation cover was estimated on 19 plots (1-3 ha) within tidal marshes in Sussex County, Delaware in May-August 2006-2007. Plots were characterized as limited (N = 10) or extensive OMWM (N = 9) based on the amount of alterations and time since manipulations. Seaside Sparrow territory density and nest density were two times greater on limited OMWM plots than extensive OMWM plots. Also, the number of Seaside Sparrow eggs/ha and fledglings/ha were greater on limited OMWM plots. Seaside Sparrow nest survival rates did not differ between limited and extensive OMWM plots, but reproductive output (# nests/ha, eggs/ha, and fledglings/ha) was greater on areas with limited OMWM. OMWM may be an alternative means of mosquito control but should not be considered a method of habitat enhancement for Seaside Sparrows and possibly other obligate salt marsh bird species. Received 16 June 2009, accepted 23 March 2010. C1 [Pepper, Margaret A.; Shriver, W. Gregory] Univ Delaware, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, Newark, DE 19717 USA. RP Pepper, MA (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, 1568 Whitehall Rd, Annapolis, MD 21409 USA. EM mpepper17@gmail.com NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 15 PU WATERBIRD SOC PI WASHINGTON PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 1524-4695 EI 1938-5390 J9 WATERBIRDS JI Waterbirds PD SEP PY 2010 VL 33 IS 3 BP 381 EP 388 DI 10.1675/063.033.0316 PG 8 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 683TN UT WOS:000284498200015 ER PT J AU Phillips, DL AF Phillips, David L. TI The Balkans' Underbelly SO WORLD POLICY JOURNAL LA English DT Article C1 [Phillips, David L.] Columbia Univ, Program Peacebldg & Rights, Inst Study Human Rights, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Phillips, David L.] USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Phillips, DL (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Program Peacebldg & Rights, Inst Study Human Rights, New York, NY 10027 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU M I T PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 55 HAYWARD STREET, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA SN 0740-2775 J9 WORLD POLICY J JI World Policy J. PD FAL PY 2010 VL 27 IS 3 BP 93 EP 98 PG 6 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA 658ZI UT WOS:000282534200020 ER PT J AU Boivin, F Paquette, A Papaik, MJ Thiffault, N Messier, C AF Boivin, Frederic Paquette, Alain Papaik, Michael J. Thiffault, Nelson Messier, Christian TI Do position and species identity of neighbours matter in 8-15-year-old post harvest mesic stands in the boreal mixedwood? SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Boreal mixedwood; Second growth forest; Competition; Neighbourhood model; Competition index; Sapling ID CANOPY TREE COMPETITION; NEW-ENGLAND FORESTS; ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENTS; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; INDIVIDUAL TREES; HARDWOOD FORESTS; DIAMETER GROWTH; SHADE TOLERANCE; DYNAMICS; LIGHT AB Neighbourhood competition indices (NCI), where position and species identity of neighbours are known, have been used to investigate growth and competitive interactions among adult trees. In this study, we used NCI in 8-15-year-old stands following clear-cutting in a boreal mixedwood forest of eastern Canada to improve our understanding of early successional forest dynamics. Trees of increasing diameter from the center (>= 1 cm) to the edge (>= 5 cm) were mapped in twenty-five circular 450 m(2) plots. Target trees (DBH >= 1 cm) were sampled in plot center to determine their annual radial stem growth. For each species, we compared a set of growth models using either a spatially explicit NCI or a non-spatial competition index. Both types of indices estimated a species-specific competition coefficient for each pair of competitor-target species. NCI were selected as the best competition model for all target species although differences in variance explained relative to the non-spatial index were small. This likely indicates that competition occurs at the local level but that the high density and the relative uniformity of these young stands creates similar neighbourhoods for most trees in a given stand. The effective neighbourhood radius for competitors varied among species and was smaller for shade tolerant species. Intraspecific neighbours were the strongest competitors for most species. Aspen (Populus tremuloides) was a weak competitor for all species as opposed to balsam fir (Abies balsamea) which was a strong competitor in all cases. These results are in contradiction with some widely used forest policies in North America (e.g. free-to-grow standards) that consider broadleaf species, such as aspen, as the strongest competitors. For these early successional forests, the decision regarding the use of spatial or non-spatial competition indices should rest on the intended use. For even-age management, spatial indices might not justify their use in high-density stands but they are needed for the simulation of novel harvest techniques creating complex stand structure. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Boivin, Frederic; Paquette, Alain; Messier, Christian] Univ Quebec, Ctr Etude Foret, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. [Papaik, Michael J.] Sonoma State Univ, Adjunct Fac, USDA FS Pacific SW Res Stn, Sebastopol, CA 95472 USA. [Thiffault, Nelson] Minist Ressources Nat & Faune, Quebec City, PQ G1P 3W8, Canada. RP Boivin, F (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Ctr Etude Foret, CP 8888,Succ Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. EM fredboivin@gmail.com; alain.paquette@gmail.com; papaikm@comcast.net; nelson.thiffault@mrnf.gouv.qc.ca; messier.christian@uqam.ca RI Paquette, Alain/F-4919-2011; OI Thiffault, Nelson/0000-0003-2017-6890 FU AbitibiBowater Inc.; Fond Quebecois de la Recherche en science Naturelle et Technologie (FQRNT); Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) FX We thank L Langlois, E. Harvey, V. Cote, J. Vadeboncoeur, T. Perron, L Torres, M. Robidoux and C. Tanguay for tremendous help with field work. We are grateful to C. Canham, D. Kneeshaw, D. Gravel and two anonymous reviewers for insights on an earlier version of the manuscript. AbitibiBowater Inc. for providing us with forest maps, logistic help and funding. The Direction de la Recherche Forestiere (MRNFQ) for soil analysis. Funding for this project was also provided by the Fond Quebecois de la Recherche en science Naturelle et Technologie (FQRNT) via grants to C.M. and by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) via graduate scholarships to F.B. and A.P. and grants to C.M. NR 42 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 31 PY 2010 VL 260 IS 7 BP 1124 EP 1131 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.06.037 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 652VX UT WOS:000282040000004 ER PT J AU Powers, MD Palik, BJ Bradford, JB Fraver, S Webster, CR AF Powers, Matthew D. Palik, Brian J. Bradford, John B. Fraver, Shawn Webster, Christopher R. TI Thinning method and intensity influence long-term mortality trends in a red pine forest SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Tree mortality; Thinning; Stand dynamics; Pinus resinosa ID DENSITY MANAGEMENT DIAGRAMS; CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; TREE MORTALITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; HARDWOOD FORESTS; SIERRA-NEVADA; DIE-OFF; GROWTH; CALIFORNIA; SURVIVAL AB Tree mortality shapes forest development, but rising mortality can represent lost production or an adverse response to changing environmental conditions. Thinning represents a strategy for reducing mortality rates, but different thinning techniques and intensities could have varying impacts depending on how they alter stand structure. We analyzed trends in stand structure, relative density, stand-scale mortality, climate, and correlations between mortality and climate over 46 years of thinning treatments in a red pine forest in Northern Minnesota. USA to examine how thinning techniques that remove trees of different crown classes interact with growing stock manipulation to impact patterns of tree mortality. Relative density in unharvested plots increased during the first 25 years of the study to around 80%, then began to plateau, but was lower (12-62%) in thinned stands. Mortality in unharvested plots claimed 2.5 times more stems yr(-1) and 8.6 times as large a proportion of annual biomass increment during the last 21 years of the study compared to the first 25 years, but showed few temporal trends in thinned stands. Mortality in thinning treatments was generally lower than in controls, particularly during the last 21 years of the study when mortality averaged about 0.1% of stems yr(-1) and 4% of biomass increment across thinning treatments, but 0.8% of stems yr(-1) and 49% of biomass increment in unharvested plots. Treatments that combined thinning from above with low growing stock levels represented an exception, where mortality exceeded biomass production after initial thinning. Mortality averaged less than 0.1% of stems yr(-1) and less than 1% of annual biomass production in stands thinned from below. These trends suggest thinning from below minimizes mortality across a wide range of growing stock levels while thinning from above to low growing stock levels can result in dramatic short-term increases in mortality. Moderate to high growing stock levels (21-34 m(2) ha(-1)) may offer greater flexibility for limiting mortality across a range of thinning methods. Mean and maximum annual and growing season temperatures rose by 0.6-1.8 degrees C during the study, and temperature variables were positively correlated with mortality in unharvested plots. Mortality increases in unharvested plots, however, were consistent with self-thinning principles and probably not driven by rising temperatures. These results suggest interactions between thinning method and intensity influence mortality reductions associated with thinning, and demonstrate the need for broader consideration of developmental processes as potential explanations for increased tree mortality rates in recent decades. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Powers, Matthew D.; Palik, Brian J.; Bradford, John B.; Fraver, Shawn] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Powers, Matthew D.; Webster, Christopher R.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Powers, MD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 1831 Hwy 160 E, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. EM mdpowers@mtu.edu; bpalik@fs.fed.us; jbbradford@fs.fed.us; sfraver@fs.fed.us; cwebster@mtu.edu RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011 FU USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station FX We would like to thank Nick Jensen for his assistance in locating transcription errors in our electronic long-term study records, Christel Kern for her comments during the development of this manuscript, and Doug Kastendick for assistance with field operations. Two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on an earlier draft of this paper. Support was provided by the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station. NR 45 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 31 PY 2010 VL 260 IS 7 BP 1138 EP 1148 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.002 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 652VX UT WOS:000282040000006 ER PT J AU Crookston, NL Rehfeldt, GE Dixon, GE Weiskittel, AR AF Crookston, Nicholas L. Rehfeldt, Gerald E. Dixon, Gary E. Weiskittel, Aaron R. TI Addressing climate change in the forest vegetation simulator to assess impacts on landscape forest dynamics SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Species-climate relationships; Stand dynamics; Species composition; Genetic adaptation; General circulation model; Climate change; Carbon loads; Site index; Growth and yield ID MENZIESII VAR GLAUCA; INLAND DOUGLAS-FIR; PINE SITE INDEX; UNITED-STATES; ELEVATED CO2; ECOLOGICAL ADAPTATIONS; GLOBAL-CHANGE; TREE GROWTH; MODEL; RESPONSES AB To simulate stand-level impacts of climate change, predictors in the widely used Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) were adjusted to account for expected climate effects. This was accomplished by: (1) adding functions that link mortality and regeneration of species to climate variables expressing climatic suitability, (2) constructing a function linking site index to climate and using it to modify growth rates, and (3) adding functions accounting for changing growth rates due to climate-induced genetic responses. For three climatically diverse landscapes, simulations were used to explore the change in species composition and tree growth that should accompany climate change during the 21st century. The simulations illustrated the changes in forest composition that could accompany climate change. Projections were the most sensitive to mortality, as the loss of trees of a dominant species heavily influenced stand dynamics. While additional work is needed on fundamental plant-climate relationships, this work incorporates climatic effects into FVS to produce a new model called Climate-FVS. This model provides for managers a tool that allows climate change impacts to be incorporated in forest plans. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Crookston, Nicholas L.; Rehfeldt, Gerald E.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Dixon, Gary E.] US Forest Serv, Forest Management Serv Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Weiskittel, Aaron R.] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME USA. RP Crookston, NL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 S Main, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM ncrookston@fs.fed.us FU USFS; Rocky Mountain Research Station FX This work was funded by the USFS Global Climate Change Research Program and the Rocky Mountain Research Station. The authors thank Lance David for compiling the example data, Giorgio Vacchino and the journal reviewers for many helpful comments, and the many people who attended workshops where ideas which led to the development of this work were openly discussed: Abdel-Azim Zumrawi, Albert R. Stage, Ann Abbot, William R. Wykoff, Robert A. Monserud, Brad St. Clair, Bryce Richardson, Colin Daniel, Dave Cawrse, Dave Marshall, David Loftis, Dennis Ferguson, Don Robinson, Doug Berglund, Doug Maguire, Erin Smith-Mateja, Fred Martin, Glenn Howe, John Goodburn, John Marshall, Kelsey Milner, Laura Leites Barrios, Linda Joyce, Mee-Sook Kim, Megan Roessing, Mike Bevers, Mike Ryan, Peter Gould, Phil Radtke, Robert Froese, and Stephanie Rebain. The content of the paper is the responsibility of the authors and those that attended the workshops may not necessarily agree with points made herein. NR 72 TC 81 Z9 84 U1 1 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 31 PY 2010 VL 260 IS 7 BP 1198 EP 1211 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.013 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 652VX UT WOS:000282040000013 ER PT J AU Twedt, DJ Tirpak, JM Jones-Farrand, DT Thompson, FR Uihlein, WB Fitzgerald, JA AF Twedt, Daniel J. Tirpak, John M. Jones-Farrand, D. Todd Thompson, Frank R., III Uihlein, William B., III Fitzgerald, Jane A. TI Change in avian abundance predicted from regional forest inventory data SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Abundance; Birds; Breeding Bird Survey; Forest Inventory and Analysis; Habitat; Prediction; Southeastern United States; Temporal change ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; BIRD-HABITAT RELATIONSHIPS; CERULEAN WARBLERS; MODELS; FRAGMENTATION; POPULATION; SCALES; SOUTH AB An inability to predict population response to future habitat projections is a shortcoming in bird conservation planning. We sought to predict avian response to projections of future forest conditions that were developed from nationwide forest surveys within the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program. To accomplish this, we evaluated the historical relationship between silvicolous bird populations and FIA-derived forest conditions within 25 ecoregions that comprise the southeastern United States. We aggregated forest area by forest ownership, forest type, and tree size-class categories in county-based ecoregions for 5 time periods spanning 1963-2008. We assessed the relationship of forest data with contemporaneous indices of abundance for 24 silvicolous bird species that were obtained from Breeding Bird Surveys. Relationships between bird abundance and forest inventory data for 18 species were deemed sufficient as predictive models. We used these empirically derived relationships between regional forest conditions and bird populations to predict relative changes in abundance of these species within ecoregions that are anticipated to coincide with projected changes in forest variables through 2040. Predicted abundances of these 18 species are expected to remain relatively stable in over a quarter (27%) of the ecoregions. However, change in forest area and redistribution of forest types will likely result in changed abundance of some species within many ecosystems. For example, abundances of 11 species, including pine warbler (Dendroica pin us), brown-headed nuthatch (Sitta pusilla), and chuck-wills-widow (Caprimulgus carolinensis), are projected to increase within more ecoregions than ecoregions where they will decrease. For 6 other species, such as blue-winged warbler (Vermivora pinus), Carolina wren (Thryothorus ludovicianus), and indigo bunting (Passerine cyanea), we projected abundances will decrease within more ecoregions than ecoregions where they will increase. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Twedt, Daniel J.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Tirpak, John M.; Jones-Farrand, D. Todd] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III] Univ Missouri, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Uihlein, William B., III] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Fitzgerald, Jane A.] Amer Bird Conservancy, Cent Hardwoods Joint Venture, Brentwood, MO 63144 USA. RP Twedt, DJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 2524 S Frontage Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM dtwedt@usgs.gov OI Twedt, Daniel/0000-0003-1223-5045 NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 31 PY 2010 VL 260 IS 7 BP 1241 EP 1250 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.027 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 652VX UT WOS:000282040000017 ER PT J AU Yang, CH Everitt, JH Du, QA AF Yang, Chenghai Everitt, James H. Du, Qian TI Applying linear spectral unmixing to airborne hyperspectral imagery for mapping yield variability in grain sorghum and cotton fields (vol 4, 041887, 2010) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Correction C1 [Yang, Chenghai; Everitt, James H.] ARS, USDA, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Du, Qian] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Yang, CH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM chenghai.yang@ars.usda.gov; james.everitt@ars.usda.gov; du@ece.msstate.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PD AUG 31 PY 2010 VL 4 DI 10.1117/1.3491190 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 650AW UT WOS:000281820700001 ER PT J AU Yang, CH Everitt, JH Du, QA AF Yang, Chenghai Everitt, James H. Du, Qian TI Applying linear spectral unmixing to airborne hyperspectral imagery for mapping yield variability in grain sorghum and cotton fields SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE hyperspectral imagery; linear spectral unmixing; abundance fraction; narrow-band NDVI; precision agriculture; yield variability ID MONITOR DATA; VEGETATION; SITE AB This study examined linear spectral unmixing techniques for mapping the variation in crop yield for precision agriculture. Both unconstrained and constrained linear spectral unmixing models were applied to airborne hyperspectral imagery collected from a grain sorghum field and a cotton field. A pair of crop plant and soil spectra derived from each image was used as endmember spectra to generate unconstrained and constrained plant and soil cover abundance fractions. For comparison, the simulated broad-band normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and narrow-band NDVI-type indices involving all possible two-band combinations of the 102 bands in the hyperspectral imagery were calculated and related to yield. Statistical results showed that plant abundance fractions provided better correlations with yield than the broad-band NDVI and the majority of the narrow-band NDVIs, indicating that plant abundance maps derived from hyperspectral imagery can be used as relative yield maps to characterize yield variability in grain sorghum field and cotton fields without the need to choose the best NDVI. Moreover, the unconstrained plant abundance provided essentially the same results for yield estimation as the constrained plant abundance either with the abundance sum-to-one constraint only or with both the sum-to-one and non-negativity constraints, indicating that the more computationally complex constrained linear unmixing does not offer any advantage over the simple unconstrained linear unmixing for this application. C1 [Yang, Chenghai; Everitt, James H.] USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Du, Qian] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Yang, CH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM chenghai.yang@ars.usda.gov; james.everitt@ars.usda.gov; du@ece.msstate.edu NR 15 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 14 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PD AUG 31 PY 2010 VL 4 AR 041887 DI 10.1117/1.3484252 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 650BC UT WOS:000281821300001 ER PT J AU Yang, H Ma, B Du, QA Yang, CH AF Yang, He Ma, Ben Du, Qian Yang, Chenghai TI Improving urban land use and land cover classification from high-spatial-resolution hyperspectral imagery using contextual information SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE urban land use land cover mapping; hyperspectral imaging; support vector machine; pixel-based classification; object-based classification ID EXTRACTION AB In this paper, we propose approaches to improve the pixel-based support vector machine (SVM) classification for urban land use and land cover (LULC) mapping from airborne hyperspectral imagery with high spatial resolution. Class spatial neighborhood relationship is used to correct the misclassified class pairs, such as roof and trail, road and roof. These classes may be difficult to be separated because they may have similar spectral signatures and their spatial features are not distinct enough to help their discrimination. In addition, misclassification incurred from within-class trivial spectral variation can be corrected by using pixel connectivity information in a local window so that spectrally homogeneous regions can be well preserved. Our experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approaches in classification accuracy improvement. The overall performance is competitive to the object-based SVM classification. C1 [Yang, He; Ma, Ben; Du, Qian] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Geosyst Res Inst, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Yang, Chenghai] ARS, USDA, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Yang, H (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Geosyst Res Inst, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM hy58@ece.msstate.edu; bm538@ece.msstate.edu; du@ece.msstate.edu; chenghai.yang@ars.usda.gov RI Yang, He/F-6299-2011 NR 18 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PD AUG 31 PY 2010 VL 4 AR 041890 DI 10.1117/1.3491192 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 650BE UT WOS:000281821500001 ER PT J AU Miralles, DG Gash, JH Holmes, TRH de Jeu, RAM Dolman, AJ AF Miralles, Diego G. Gash, John H. Holmes, Thomas R. H. de Jeu, Richard A. M. Dolman, A. J. TI Global canopy interception from satellite observations SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article ID MODELING RAINFALL INTERCEPTION; GASH ANALYTICAL MODEL; AMAZONIAN RAINFOREST; CONIFEROUS FORESTS; CENTRAL KALIMANTAN; HARDWOOD STANDS; BOREAL FOREST; MODIS DATA; PRECIPITATION; THROUGHFALL AB A new methodology for estimating forest rainfall interception from multisatellite observations is presented. The Climate Prediction Center morphing technique (CMORPH) precipitation product is used as driving data and is applied to Gash's analytical model to derive daily interception rates at global scale. Results compare well with field observations of rainfall interception (R = 0.86, n = 42). Global estimates are presented and spatial differences in the distribution of interception over different ecosystems analyzed. According to our findings, interception loss is responsible for the evaporation of approximately 13% of the total incoming rainfall over broadleaf evergreen forests, 19% in broadleaf deciduous forests, and 22% in needleleaf forests. The product is sensitive to the volume of rainfall, rain intensity, and forest cover. In combination with separate estimates of transpiration it offers the potential to study the impact of climate change and deforestation on the dynamics of the global hydrological cycle. C1 [Miralles, Diego G.; de Jeu, Richard A. M.; Dolman, A. J.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Hydrol & Geoenvironm Sci, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Gash, John H.] NERC, Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Wallingford OX10 8BB, Oxon, England. [Holmes, Thomas R. H.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Miralles, DG (reprint author), Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Hydrol & Geoenvironm Sci, Boelelaan 1085, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM diego.miralles@falw.vu.nl RI Miralles, Diego/K-8857-2013; Holmes, Thomas/F-4512-2010 OI Dolman, A.J./0000-0003-0099-0457; Miralles, Diego/0000-0001-6186-5751; Holmes, Thomas/0000-0002-4651-0079 FU European Union [036946] FX The work was undertaken as part of the European Union-funded (FP6) integrated project called WATCH (contract 036946). NR 70 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 4 U2 24 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD AUG 31 PY 2010 VL 115 AR D16122 DI 10.1029/2009JD013530 PG 8 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 646WB UT WOS:000281573700005 ER PT J AU Mao, DH Cherkauer, KA Flanagan, DC AF Mao, Dazhi Cherkauer, Keith A. Flanagan, Dennis C. TI Development of a coupled soil erosion and large-scale hydrology modeling system SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RIVER-BASIN; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; LAND-USE; WEPP; LANDSCAPE; CLIMATE; PARAMETERIZATION; REPRESENTATION; PRECIPITATION AB Soil erosion models are usually limited in their application to the field scale; however, the management of land resources requires information at the regional scale. Large-scale physically based land surface schemes (LSS) provide estimates of regional scale hydrologic processes that contribute to erosion. If scaling issues are adequately addressed, coupling an LSS to a physically based erosion model can provide a tool to study the regional impact of soil erosion. A coupling scheme was developed using the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model to produce hydrologic inputs for the stand-alone Water Erosion Prediction Project-Hillslope Erosion (WEPP-HE) program, accounting for both temporal and spatial scaling issues. Precipitation events were disaggregated from daily to hourly and used with the VIC model to generate hydrologic fluxes. Slope profiles were downscaled from 30 arc second to 30 m hillslopes. Additionally, soil texture and erodibility were adjusted with simplified assumptions based on the full WEPP model. Soil erosion at the large scale was represented on a VIC model grid cell basis by applying WEPP-HE to subsamples of 30 m hillslopes. On an average annual basis, results showed that the coupled model was comparable with full WEPP model predictions. On an event basis, the coupled model system captured more small erosion events, with erodibility adjustments of the same magnitude as from the full WEPP model simulations. Differences in results can be attributed to discrepancies in hydrologic data calculations and simplified assumptions in vegetation and soil erodibility. Overall, the coupled model demonstrated the feasibility of erosion prediction for large river basins. C1 [Mao, Dazhi; Cherkauer, Keith A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Flanagan, Dennis C.] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Mao, DH (reprint author), Waterborne Environm Inc, 2001 S 1st St,Suite 109, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. EM cherkaue@purdue.edu RI Cherkauer, Keith/D-6510-2014 OI Cherkauer, Keith/0000-0002-6938-5303 FU NASA [NNG04GP10P] FX The research was funded through NASA grant NNG04GP10P. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD AUG 31 PY 2010 VL 46 AR W08543 DI 10.1029/2009WR008268 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 647QT UT WOS:000281634400002 ER PT J AU Schiller, I Vordermeier, HM Waters, WR Kyburz, A Cagiola, M Whelan, A Palmer, MV Thacker, TC Meijlis, J Carter, C Gordon, S Egnuni, T Hardegger, R Marg-Haufe, B Raeber, A Oesch, B AF Schiller, I. Vordermeier, H. M. Waters, W. R. Kyburz, A. Cagiola, M. Whelan, A. Palmer, M. V. Thacker, T. C. Meijlis, J. Carter, C. Gordon, S. Egnuni, T. Hardegger, R. Marg-Haufe, B. Raeber, A. Oesch, B. TI Comparison of tuberculin activity using the interferon-gamma assay for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis SO VETERINARY RECORD LA English DT Article ID PPD TUBERCULINS; INFECTED CATTLE AB In this study, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) responses in whole blood cultures stimulated with tuberculins from different sources were compared with regard to their diagnostic reliability in cattle experimentally and naturally infected with Mycobacterium bovis. The IFN-gamma responses to different concentrations of purified protein derivatives (PPDs) from M bovis and Mycobacterium avium were quantified. Significant differences (P<0.05) between sources and concentrations of PPDs used for stimulation were detected, indicating a need for standardisation of PPDs used in the IFN-gamma assay. Additionally, a tool named 'relative potency 30' that allows rapid comparison of batches and sources of PPDs was defined. C1 [Schiller, I.; Kyburz, A.; Hardegger, R.; Marg-Haufe, B.; Raeber, A.; Oesch, B.] Prionics, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland. [Vordermeier, H. M.; Whelan, A.; Egnuni, T.] Vet Labs Agcy Weybridge, Addlestone KT15 3NB, Surrey, England. [Waters, W. R.; Palmer, M. V.; Thacker, T. C.] Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Cagiola, M.] Ist Zooprofilatt Umbria & Marche, I-06126 Perugia, Italy. [Meijlis, J.] Lelystad Biol, NL-8200 AK Lelystad, Netherlands. [Carter, C.] AsureQuality, Auckland, New Zealand. [Gordon, S.] Univ Coll Dublin, Coll Life Sci, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Gordon, S.] Univ Coll Dublin, Conway Inst Biomol & Biomed Res, Dublin 2, Ireland. RP Oesch, B (reprint author), Prionics, Wagistr 27A, CH-8952 Schlieren, Switzerland. EM bruno.oesch@prionics.com RI Gordon, Stephen/E-6960-2011; Whelan, Adam/C-9497-2011; Vordermeier, H Martin/C-6936-2011; APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010 OI Gordon, Stephen/0000-0002-4833-5542; FU UK Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs FX The authors thank Jessica Pollock, Rachel Huegel, Bart Olthof and Mike Howard for their excellent technical support. They would also like to express appreciation to the staff of the Animal Service Unit at the VLA, the NADC, and the ETH Forschungsstation Chamau. Part of this study was funded by the UK Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs. NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU BRITISH VETERINARY ASSOC PI LONDON PA 7 MANSFIELD ST, LONDON W1M 0AT, ENGLAND SN 0042-4900 J9 VET REC JI Vet. Rec. PD AUG 28 PY 2010 VL 167 IS 9 BP 322 EP 326 DI 10.1136/vr.c3403 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 648OS UT WOS:000281704400010 PM 20802185 ER PT J AU Fayer, R Santin, M Macarisin, D AF Fayer, Ronald Santin, Monica Macarisin, Dumitru TI Cryptosporidium ubiquitum n sp in animals and humans SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; Taxonomy; New species; Human; Cattle; Sheep; Porcupine; Gerbil; Zoo animals; Wildlife; Livestock ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; NEW-YORK; CERVINE GENOTYPE; APICOMPLEXA CRYPTOSPORIDIIDAE; SOURCE TRACKING; UNITED-KINGDOM; PUBLIC-HEALTH; GIARDIA; SHEEP; WATER AB A new species Cryptosporidium ubiquitum previously identified as the Cryptosporidium cervine genotype and Infrequently as the cervid W4 or genotype 3 genotype is described In published studies this genotype was reported in wild and domesticated ruminants rodents carnivores and primates including humans In the present study oocysts were found in feces from a captive prehensile-tailed porcupine and her infant Oocysts from the porcupine were transmitted to 4 boer goats Oocysts from the goats were transmitted to a calf (calf 1) and oocysts from calf 1 were transmitted to gerbils and BALB/c mouse pups Calf 2 housed near calf 1 became contaminated and excreted oocysts of C ubiquitum Oocysts collected from calf 2 were transmitted to a calf 3 When calf 2 stopped excreting C ubiquitum oocysts it was challenged with oocysts of C parvum and became Infected indicating a lack of cross-species immunity Oocysts of C ubiquitum from calf 1 measured 4 71-5 32 mu m x 4 33-4 98 mu m (mean =5 04 mu m x 466 mu m) with a length/width shape index of 1 08 (n = 50) Purified PCR products of the SSU rRNA actin and COWP genes were sequenced and analysis of the 3 unlinked loci demonstrated the new species to be distinct from all other species and also demonstrated a lack of recombination providing further evidence of species status Based on morphological molecular and biological data this geographically widespread parasite infectious for a wide range of mammalian hosts is recognized as a new species and is named C ubiquitum Published by Elsevier B V C1 [Fayer, Ronald; Santin, Monica; Macarisin, Dumitru] ARS, Environm Microbiol & Food Safety Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Fayer, R (reprint author), ARS, Environm Microbiol & Food Safety Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Bldg 173 BARC E,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 56 TC 79 Z9 85 U1 3 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD AUG 27 PY 2010 VL 172 IS 1-2 BP 23 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.04.028 PG 10 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 683TJ UT WOS:000284497800004 PM 20537798 ER PT J AU Squires, JM Foster, JG Lindsay, DS Caudell, DL Zajac, AM AF Squires, Jill M. Foster, Joyce G. Lindsay, David S. Caudell, David L. Zajac, Anne M. TI Efficacy of an orange oil emulsion as an anthelmintic against Haemonchus contortus in gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) and in sheep SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Orange oil; Gerbil; Sheep; Haemonchus contortus; Anthelmintic ID RESISTANCE; MODEL AB Haemonchus contortus is a blood-sucking abomasal parasite responsible for major losses to small ruminant producers worldwide The recent increase in populations of anthelmintic resistant parasites has produced a demand for alternative control methods An orange oil emulsion that has shown activity against plant parasitic nematodes and H contortus in vitro was assessed for activity against H contortus in a gerbil model and in the natural ovine host In gerbil experiments animals were infected with 600 infective third stage (13) H contortus larvae In one experiment gerbils were treated with 600 milligrams per kilogram bodyweight (mg/kg BW) orange oil once or daily for 5 days In a second experiment gerbils were treated with 1200 mg/kg BW orange oil once or daily for 5 days On Day 9 post-infection gerbils were killed their stomachs removed and the worms counted The 600 mg/kg BW dosage caused 7% and 62 6% parasite reduction compared to a control group when given once or daily for 5 days respectively The 1200 mg/kg BW dosage of orange oil caused 25% and 87 8% parasite reduction compared to a control group when given once or daily for 5 days respectively The difference between the multiple treatment and control group were significant at both dosages (P< 0 005) In the sheep trial 18 lambs were orally inoculated with 10 000 13 H contortus One month later two groups of six lambs each were dosed with 600 mg/kg BW orange oil either once or daily for 3 days Fecal egg counts were monitored daily starting on the first day of treatment (Day 0) and continuing for 14 days Results showed that a single dose of the product caused high fecal egg count reduction (97 4%) compared to control sheep Egg counts were significantly reduced by Day 2 (P< 0 0001) Thus the orange oil emulsion may potentially be useful in the control of ovine haemonchosis (C) 2010 Elsevier B V All rights reserved C1 [Squires, Jill M.; Lindsay, David S.; Caudell, David L.; Zajac, Anne M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Foster, Joyce G.] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. RP Zajac, AM (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RI Lindsay, David/G-8891-2016 OI Lindsay, David/0000-0002-0592-8321 FU U S Dept of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service [58-1932-4-437] FX This work was funded by the U S Dept of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service and is a product of Specific Cooperative Agreement 58-1932-4-437 The authors thank Scott Bowdridge David Goodwin Aaron Lucas Kristin Sorenson and Dr Sheila Mitchell for providing technical support They also thank Dr Ray Kaplan and Bob Storey for providing H contortus L3 and Mr Robert Bowker for supplying the orange oil emulsions NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD AUG 27 PY 2010 VL 172 IS 1-2 BP 95 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.04.017 PG 5 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 683TJ UT WOS:000284497800013 PM 20452126 ER PT J AU Temeyer, KB Pruett, JH Olafson, PU AF Temeyer, Kevin B. Pruett, John H. Olafson, Pia U. TI Baculovirus expression, biochemical characterization and organophosphate sensitivity of rBmAChE1, rBmAChE2, and rBmAChE3 of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acetylcholinesterase; AChE; Cattle fever tick; Acaricide resistance; Acari; Ixodidae ID DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; NON-HYDROLYTIC FUNCTIONS; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; MOLECULAR-FORMS; NONNEURONAL ACETYLCHOLINE; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; CATTLE TICKS; ACARI; CDNA; MUTATIONS AB Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus cDNAs BmAChE1 BmAChE2 and BmAChE3 were previously identified as presumptively encoding acetylchohnesterases (AChEs) but biochemical identity was confirmed only for recombinant BmAChE3 In the present study four recombinant BmAChE1 constructs and single recombinant constructs of BmAChE2 and BmAChE3 were expressed in baculovirus Biochemical characterization of the recombinant proteins supports classification of rBmAChEl rBmAChE2 and rBmAChE3 as AChEs (E C 3 11 7) as evidenced by (i) substrate preference for acetylthiocholine (II) inhibition by eserine BW284c51 and the organophosphates (OPs) malaoxon and paraoxon (in) insensitivity to iso-OMPA and (iv) rapid hydrolysis of acetyl-beta-methyl-thiocholine Unlike reports for insect AChEs we did not observe substrate inhibition of activity at acetylthlocholine concentrations as high as 40 mM however product inhibition was apparent at 10-100 mu M choline in agreement with properties reported for the catalytic domain of Anopheles gamMae acetylcholinesterase-1 Substrate affinity and V(max) values were highest for rBmAChE1 proteins and one rBmAChE1 enzyme (Tx11 derived from the OP-resistant strain Tuxpan) was insensitive to paraoxon and exhibited a greatly reduced Vmax near that of rBmAChE2 To date recombinant BmAChEl and BmAChE3 enzymes with reduced sensitivity to OP-inhibition have been cloned and expressed from OP-resistant strains The presence of at least three genes expressing AChEs in R. (B) microplus at least two of which contain mutations expressed as OP-insensitive enzymes strongly suggests that phenotypic resistance to OPs may be complex and multigenic in character Published by Elsevier B V C1 [Temeyer, Kevin B.; Pruett, John H.; Olafson, Pia U.] ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, USDA, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. RP Temeyer, KB (reprint author), ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, USDA, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. NR 66 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD AUG 27 PY 2010 VL 172 IS 1-2 BP 114 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.04.016 PG 8 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 683TJ UT WOS:000284497800017 PM 20451328 ER PT J AU Dafoe, NJ Gowen, BE Constabel, CP AF Dafoe, Nicole J. Gowen, Brent E. Constabel, C. Peter TI Thaumatin-like proteins are differentially expressed and localized in phloem tissues of hybrid poplar SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEFENSE-RELATED PROTEINS; ANTIFUNGAL PROTEIN; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GENE-EXPRESSION; STRUCTURAL-ANALYSIS; SIEVE ELEMENTS; BANANA FRUIT; PR-5 PROTEIN; DOUGLAS-FIR; INFECTION AB Background: Two thaumatin-like proteins (TLPs) were previously identified in phloem exudate of hybrid poplar (Populus trichocarpa x P. deltoides) using proteomics methods, and their sieve element localization confirmed by immunofluorescence. In the current study, we analyzed different tissues to further understand TLP expression and localization in poplar, and used immunogold labelling to determine intracellular localization. Results: Immunofluorescence using a TLP antiserum confirmed the presence of TLP in punctate, organelle-like structures within sieve elements. On western blots, the antiserum labeled two constitutively expressed proteins with distinct expression patterns. Immunogold labelling suggested that TLPs are associated with starch granules and starch-containing plastids in sieve elements and phloem parenchyma cells. In addition, the antiserum recognized TLPs in the inner cell wall and sieve plate region of sieve elements. Conclusions: TLP localization in poplar cells and tissues is complex. TLP1 is expressed predominantly in tissues with a prominent vascular system such as midveins, petioles and stems, whereas the second TLP is primarily expressed in starch-storing plastids found in young leaves and the shoot apex. C1 [Dafoe, Nicole J.; Gowen, Brent E.; Constabel, C. Peter] Univ Victoria, Dept Biol, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. [Dafoe, Nicole J.; Constabel, C. Peter] Univ Victoria, Ctr Forest Biol, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. [Dafoe, Nicole J.] ARS, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Constabel, CP (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Dept Biol, POB 1700, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada. EM cpc@uvic.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Canada; Pacific Forestry Centre of the Canadian Forest Service FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Canada in the form of Discovery Grants (to C. P. C) and the Pacific Forestry Centre of the Canadian Forest Service in the form of a Graduate Student Award (to N.D.). We thank Dr. Lacey Samuels, Department of Botany, UBC, for technical advice and Brad Binges of the UVic Centre for Forest Biology for expert help in plant propagation and maintenance. NR 50 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 16 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD AUG 26 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 191 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-10-191 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 650IG UT WOS:000281841900002 PM 20796310 ER PT J AU Jiang, QA Payton-Stewart, F Elliott, S Driver, J Rhodes, LV Zhang, QA Zheng, SL Bhatnagar, D Boue, SM Collins-Burow, BM Sridhar, J Stevens, C McLachlan, JA Wiese, TE Burow, ME Wang, GD AF Jiang, Quan Payton-Stewart, Florastina Elliott, Steven Driver, Jennifer Rhodes, Lyndsay V. Zhang, Qiang Zheng, Shilong Bhatnagar, Deepak Boue, Stephen M. Collins-Burow, Bridgette M. Sridhar, Jayalakshmi Stevens, Cheryl McLachlan, John A. Wiese, Thomas E. Burow, Matthew E. Wang, Guangdi TI Effects of 7-O Substitutions on Estrogenic and Anti-Estrogenic Activities of Daidzein Analogues in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE PATHWAY; PROTEIN-BINDING SITES; MOLECULAR DOCKING; RECEPTOR; SOY; ISOFLAVONES; GLYCEOLLIN; GENISTEIN; LIGANDS AB Daidzein (1) is a natural estrogenic isoflavone. We report here that 1 can be transformed into anti-estrogenic ligands by simple alkyl substitutions of the 7-hydroxyl hydrogen. To test the effect of such structural modifications on the hormonal activities of the resulting compounds, a series of daidzein analogues have been designed and synthesized. When MCF-7 cells were treated with the analogues, those resulting from hydrogen substitution by isopropyl (3d), isobutyl (3f), cyclopentyl (3g), and pyrano- (2) inhibited cell proliferation, estrogen-induced transcriptional activity, and estrogen receptor (ER) regulated progesterone receptor (PgR) gene expression. However, methyl (3a) and ethyl (3b) substitutions of the hydroxyl proton only led to moderate reduction of the estrogenic activities. These results demonstrated the structural requirements for the transformation of daidzein from an ER agonist to an antagonist. The most effective analogue, 2, was found to reduce in vivo estrogen stimulated MCF-7 cell tumorigenesis using a xenograft mouse model. C1 [Payton-Stewart, Florastina; Elliott, Steven; Driver, Jennifer; Rhodes, Lyndsay V.; Collins-Burow, Bridgette M.; McLachlan, John A.; Burow, Matthew E.] Tulane Univ, Ctr Bioenvironm Res, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Payton-Stewart, Florastina; Elliott, Steven; Driver, Jennifer; Rhodes, Lyndsay V.; Collins-Burow, Bridgette M.; McLachlan, John A.; Burow, Matthew E.] Xavier Univ, Ctr Bioenvironm Res, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Jiang, Quan; Payton-Stewart, Florastina; Zhang, Qiang; Sridhar, Jayalakshmi; Stevens, Cheryl; Wang, Guangdi] Xavier Univ Louisiana, Dept Chem, New Orleans, LA 70125 USA. [Payton-Stewart, Florastina; Rhodes, Lyndsay V.; Collins-Burow, Bridgette M.] Tulane Univ, Tulane Canc Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Payton-Stewart, Florastina; Elliott, Steven; Rhodes, Lyndsay V.; Collins-Burow, Bridgette M.; Burow, Matthew E.] Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Sect Hematol & Med Oncol, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [McLachlan, John A.; Burow, Matthew E.] Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Zheng, Shilong] CombiPhos Catalysts Inc, Princeton 08542, NJ USA. [Bhatnagar, Deepak; Boue, Stephen M.] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70122 USA. [Wiese, Thomas E.] Xavier Univ Louisiana, Coll Pharm, New Orleans, LA 70125 USA. RP Burow, ME (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Ctr Bioenvironm Res, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. EM mburow@tulane.edu; gwang@xula.edu RI Burow, Matthew/D-6351-2013 OI Burow, Matthew/0000-0002-0642-6630 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-6435-7-019]; Department of Defense [W81XWH-04-1-0557]; Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium (LCRC); Office of Naval Research [N00014-99-1-0763]; National Center for Research Resources RCMI [1G12RR026260-01] FX This study was supported by a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Grant 58-6435-7-019; Department of Defense Grant W81XWH-04-1-0557; the Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium (LCRC); Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-99-1-0763; and National Center for Research Resources RCMI program through Grant 1G12RR026260-01. NR 27 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD AUG 26 PY 2010 VL 53 IS 16 BP 6153 EP 6163 DI 10.1021/jm100610w PG 11 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 639GX UT WOS:000280962700022 PM 20669983 ER PT J AU Evans, JJ Pasnik, DJ Klesius, PH AF Evans, Joyce J. Pasnik, David J. Klesius, Phillip H. TI A commercial rapid optical immunoassay detects Streptococcus agalactiae from aquatic cultures and clinical specimens SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Streptococcus agalactiae; GBS; Fish; BioStar STREP B Optical ImmunoAssay (OIA) ID GROUP-B STREPTOCOCCUS; FISH; INFECTIONS; DIFFICILE; KUWAIT AB The BioStar STREP B Optical ImmunoAssay (STREP B OIA)(BioStar (R) OIA (R) Strep B Assay Kit; BioStar Incorporation, Louisville, CO, USA), commonly used for diagnosis of human maternal group B streptococcus (GBS) colonization, was evaluated for its diagnostic and analytical sensitivity and specificity to aquatic animal GBS isolates, cross-reactivity, and diagnosis and recovery of GBS directly from clinically- infected fish swabs. STREP B OIA identified 25 known fish and dolphin CBS isolates. Thirteen non-GBS negative control isolates from fish and other animals were negative, giving 100% analytical specificity and no cross-reactivity. Three groups of 6 Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) (mean weight of 40.60 +/- 1.70g) each were inoculated intraperitoneally with either 10(6) colony-forming units (cfu) GBS/fish, 10(6) cfu Streptococcus iniae/fish or 100 mu L of tryptic soy broth (TSB) and observed for mortality for 7 days. The nare and brain of all fish were swabbed and subjected to the STREP B OIA for detection of CBS antigen immediately after swabbing (0 h) or 24,48 and 72 h post-swabbing and compared to conventional culture on trypticase soy agar with 5% sheep blood. The STREP B OIA method demonstrated a diagnostic sensitivity of 75.0% and a diagnostic specificity of 69.2% compared to direct TSA. The percent agreement between OIA and culture was 100%. CBS antigen could be retrieved by OIA following 72-h storage of swabs. These results demonstrate the utility of the STREP B OIA to identify CBS from culture and directly from swabs of clinically-infected fish. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Evans, Joyce J.; Pasnik, David J.; Klesius, Phillip H.] ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, Chestertown, MD 21620 USA. [Evans, Joyce J.; Pasnik, David J.; Klesius, Phillip H.] ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Evans, JJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, 118 B Lynchburg St, Chestertown, MD 21620 USA. EM joyce.evans@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD AUG 26 PY 2010 VL 144 IS 3-4 BP 422 EP 428 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.02.022 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 644FI UT WOS:000281358600024 PM 20430538 ER PT J AU Dawson-Hughes, B AF Dawson-Hughes, Bess TI High-Dose Oral Vitamin D Supplementation and Risk of Falls in Older Women Reply SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Dawson-Hughes, B (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM bess.dawson-hughes@tufts.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 25 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 8 BP 856 EP 857 DI 10.1001/jama.2010.781-a PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 644OY UT WOS:000281389900018 ER PT J AU Toutges, MJ Hartzer, K Lord, J Oppert, B AF Toutges, Michelle J. Hartzer, Kris Lord, Jeffrey Oppert, Brenda TI Evaluation of Reference Genes for Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction across Life Cycle Stages and Tissue Types of Tribolium castaneum SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Normalization; gene expression; quantitative PCR; Tribollum castaneum ID PCR DATA; NORMALIZATION; SELECTION AB The genome of the genetic model for coleopteran insects, Tribolium castaneum, is now available for downstream applications. To facilitate gene expression studies in T. castaneum, genes were evaluated for suitability as normalizers in comparisons across tissues and/or developmental stages. In less diverse samples, such as comparisons within developmental stages or tissue only, normalizers for mRNA were more stable and consistent. Overall, the genes for ribosomal proteins rps6, rpl13a, rps3, and rps18 were the most stable normalizers for broad scale gene expression analysis in T. castaneum. However, their stability ranking was dependent upon the instrument as well as the analysis program. These data emphasize the need to optimize normalizers used in all real-time polymerase chain reaction experiments specifically for the experimental conditions and thermocycler and to carefully evaluate data generated by computational algorithms. C1 [Toutges, Michelle J.; Hartzer, Kris; Lord, Jeffrey; Oppert, Brenda] ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Toutges, MJ (reprint author), ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, USDA, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM michelle.toutges@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 25 PY 2010 VL 58 IS 16 BP 8948 EP 8951 DI 10.1021/jf101603j PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 638BV UT WOS:000280866500009 PM 20672839 ER PT J AU Shen, LR Zhang, WG Jin, F Zhang, LW Chen, ZX Liu, LA Parnell, LD Lai, CQ Li, D AF Shen, Lirong Zhang, Weiguang Jin, Feng Zhang, Liwen Chen, Zhengxian Liu, Liang Parnell, Laurence D. Lai, Chao-Qiang Li, Duo TI Expression of Recombinant AccMRJP1 Protein from Royal Jelly of Chinese Honeybee in Pichia pastoris and Its Proliferation Activity in an Insect Cell Line SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Apis cerana cerana; royal jelly; AccMRJP1; eukaryotic expression; proliferation activity ID APIS-CERANA-CERANA; TNF-ALPHA RELEASE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; RAT HEPATOCYTES; 57-KDA PROTEIN; MELLIFERA; IDENTIFICATION; GLYCOSYLATION; FAMILY; CDNAS AB Major royal jelly protein 1 (MRJP1) is the most abundant member of the major royal jelly protein (MRJP) family of honeybee. Mature MRJP1 cDNA of the Chinese honeybee (Apis cerana cerana MRJP1, or AccMRJP1) was expressed in Pichia pastoris. SDS-PAGE showed that recombinant AccMRJP1 was identical in molecular weight to the glycosylated AmMRJP1 from the Western honeybee (Apis mellifera). Western blots probed with anti-AccMRJP1 antibody demonstrated that recombinant AccMRJP1 and soluble protein of the Western honeybee RJ (AmSPRJ) contained immunoreactive MRJP1. The 57 kDa protein in AmSPRJ contained an N-terminal amino sequence of N-I-L-R-G-E, which is identical to that previously characterized in AmMRJP1. The molecular weight of recombinant AccMRJP1 was decreased from 57 to 48 kDa after deglycosylation, indicating that AccMRJP1 was glycosylated. The recombinant AccMRJP1 significantly stimulated Tn-5B-4 cell growth, similar to AmSPRJ and fetal bovine serum, and affected cell shape and adhesion to the substrate. C1 [Shen, Lirong; Zhang, Weiguang; Jin, Feng; Zhang, Liwen; Chen, Zhengxian; Li, Duo] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Hangzhou 310029, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Liu, Liang] Delaware State Univ, Dept Agr & Nat Resources, Dover, DE 19901 USA. [Parnell, Laurence D.; Lai, Chao-Qiang] Tufts Univ, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Shen, LR (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, 268 Kaixuan Rd, Hangzhou 310029, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM shenlirong@zju.edu.cn FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2007AA10Z324] FX Received for review February 21, 2010. Revised manuscript received July 14, 2010. Accepted July 14, 2010. This project was supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (No. 2007AA10Z324). NR 44 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 25 PY 2010 VL 58 IS 16 BP 9190 EP 9197 DI 10.1021/jf1007133 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 638BV UT WOS:000280866500040 PM 23654243 ER PT J AU Susca, A Proctor, RH Mule, G Stea, G Ritieni, A Logrieco, A Moretti, A AF Susca, Antonia Proctor, Robert H. Mule, Giuseppina Stea, Gaetano Ritieni, Alberto Logrieco, Antonio Moretti, Antonio TI Correlation of Mycotoxin Fumonisin B-2 Production and Presence of the Fumonisin Biosynthetic Gene fum8 in Aspergillus niger from Grape SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Fumonlsin; Aspergillus niger; fum8 gene; grape ID FUSARIUM-VERTICILLIOIDES; SECTION NIGRI; CLUSTER AB Aspergillus niger is a significant component of the fungal community on grapes. The mycotoxin fumonisin B-2 (FB2) was recently detected in grape must and wine as well as in cultures of some A. niger strains isolated from grapes and raisins. This study examined 48 strains of Aspergillus section Nigri for the presence of the fumonisin biosynthetic gene fum8 in relation to FB2 production. The fum8 gene was detected in only 11 A. niger strains, 9 of which also produced FB2. Maximum parsimony analysis based on the calmodulin gene sequence indicated that the presence/absence of fum8 is not correlated with the phylogenetic relationship of the isolates. This is the first report correlating the presence of a fumonisin biosynthetic gene with fumonisin production in A. niger from an important food crop. The results suggest that the absence of FB2 production in grape isolates of A. niger can result from the absence of at least one gene essential for production. C1 [Susca, Antonia; Mule, Giuseppina; Stea, Gaetano; Logrieco, Antonio; Moretti, Antonio] CNR, Inst Sci Food Prod, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Proctor, Robert H.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Ritieni, Alberto] Univ Naples Federico II, Fac Agr, Dipartimento Sci Alimenti, I-80055 Portici, NA, Italy. RP Susca, A (reprint author), CNR, Inst Sci Food Prod, Via Amendola 122-0, I-70126 Bari, Italy. EM antonella.susca@ispa.cnr.it RI Susca, Antonia/I-6869-2013; Mule, Giuseppina/B-6478-2015; OI Susca, Antonia/0000-0003-0021-8774; Mule, Giuseppina/0000-0002-9094-1888; Moretti, Antonio/0000-0002-5232-6972; Logrieco, Antonio Francesco/0000-0002-8606-451X FU EC [KBBE-2007-222690-2]; MIUR [DM19410] FX Received for review April 27, 2010. Revised manuscript received July 8, 2010. Accepted July 13, 2010. This work was supported by EC KBBE-2007-222690-2 (MYCORED) and MIUR DM19410 (MBLab) projects. NR 30 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 25 PY 2010 VL 58 IS 16 BP 9266 EP 9272 DI 10.1021/jf101591x PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 638BV UT WOS:000280866500050 PM 20666454 ER PT J AU Rasooly, R Do, PM Griffey, SM Vilches-Moure, JG Friedman, M AF Rasooly, Reuven Do, Paula M. Griffey, Stephen M. Vilches-Moure, Jose G. Friedman, Mendel TI Ingested Shiga Toxin 2 (Stx2) Causes Histopathological Changes in Kidney, Spleen, and Thymus Tissues and Mortality in Mice SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Shiga toxin 2; oral-ingested; gavage; Escherichia coli O157:H7; histopathological; neutralizing antibody ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; IN-VITRO; ANTIBODY; HUMANS; MODEL; FOOD AB The Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing bacterial strain, Escherichia coli O157:H7, colonizes the distal small intestine and the colon, initiating serious illness, including hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS), characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal failure. Although intravenous administration of purified Stx to primates has been able to reproduce the features of HUS, it has not been conclusively established as to whether ingestion of Stx alone without the bacterium poses a potential health risk. To help answer this question, in this study, we fed Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) directly into the stomachs of mice via gavage. Our data show that ingestion of Stx2 at a concentration of 50 mu g/mouse induces weight loss and kills the mice at 3-5 days post-gavage. Additional studies revealed that the toxin retains activity at low pH, that its activity is neutralized by treatment with toxin-specific antibody, and that about 1% of the fed toxin is absorbed into the blood circulation. Lethality by intraperitoneal (IP) injection of Stx2 occurred at much lower doses than by ingestion. Detailed histopathological evaluation of stained tissues by light microscopy revealed severe histopathological changes in kidneys, spleen, and thymus but not in the pancreas, lymph nodes, heart, lungs, trachea, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colon. The pathological changes in the kidney appeared similar to those seen in humans with HUS. The cited data suggest that (a) most but not all of the toxin is inactivated in the digestive tract, (b) part of the oral-ingested toxin is absorbed from the digestive tract into the circulation, (c) enough active toxin reaches susceptible organs to induce damage, and (d) Stx2 in the absence of toxin-producing bacteria can be harmful to mice. The results are clinically relevant for food safety because we also found that heat treatments (pasteurization) that destroy bacteria did not inactivate the heat-resistant toxin produced and secreted by the bacteria. C1 [Rasooly, Reuven; Do, Paula M.; Friedman, Mendel] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Griffey, Stephen M.; Vilches-Moure, Jose G.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Comparat Pathol Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Rasooly, R (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM reuven.rasooly@ars.usda.gov OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 25 PY 2010 VL 58 IS 16 BP 9281 EP 9286 DI 10.1021/jf101744z PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 638BV UT WOS:000280866500052 PM 20681531 ER PT J AU Behle, RW Compton, DL Laszlo, JA AF Behle, Robert W. Compton, David L. Laszlo, Joseph A. TI Using soyscreen in an oil-based biopesticide formulation to protect Beauveria bassiana conidia from degradation by ultraviolet light energy SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Behle, Robert W.; Compton, David L.; Laszlo, Joseph A.] ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 35-CHAS PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164701126 ER PT J AU Boddu, VM Maloney, SW Viswanath, DS Ghoash, TK Uchimiya, SM AF Boddu, Veera M. Maloney, Stephen W. Viswanath, Dabir S. Ghoash, Tushar K. Uchimiya, Sophie M. TI Evaluation of chitosan coated granular activated carbon for treatment of perchlorate-contaminated munitions wastewater SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Engn Res & Dev Ctr ERDC CERL, Environm Proc Branch, Champaign, IL USA. Univ Missouri, Nucl Sci & Engn Inst, Columbia, MO USA. ARS, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 312-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164702691 ER PT J AU Cheng, HN Dowd, MK Shogren, RL Biswas, A AF Cheng, H. N. Dowd, Michael K. Shogren, R. L. Biswas, Atanu TI Iodine-catalyzed synthesis of mixed cellulose esters SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 475-POLY PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164707068 ER PT J AU Du, XF Plotto, A Baldwin, E Rouseff, R AF Du, Xiaofen Plotto, Anne Baldwin, Elizabeth Rouseff, Russ TI GC-MS and sensory strawberry flavor changes at five maturity stages SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, IFAS, Lake Alfred, FL USA. USDA ARS, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Res Lab, Winter Haven, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 39-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700205 ER PT J AU Du, XF Plotto, A Baldwin, E Rouseff, R AF Du, Xiaofen Plotto, Anne Baldwin, Elizabeth Rouseff, Russell TI Aroma profile comparisons of "Strawberry Festival" and "Florida Radiance" strawberries by GC-Olfactometry, odor activity values, and sensory evaluation SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Florida, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, IFAS, Lake Alfred, FL USA. USDA ARS, Citrus & Subtrop Prod Res Lab, Winter Haven, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 132-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700097 ER PT J AU Frihart, CR AF Frihart, Charles R. TI Challenges in understanding the performance of wood adhesives SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Frihart, Charles R.] Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 387-COLL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164701856 ER PT J AU Howard, LR Brownmiller, C Prior, RL AF Howard, Luke R. Brownmiller, Cindi Prior, Ronald L. TI Improved stability of blueberry juice anthocyanins by acidification and refrigeration SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. USDA ARS, Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 145-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700106 ER PT J AU Joseph, J Shukitt-Hale, B Fisher, D AF Joseph, James Shukitt-Hale, Barbara Fisher, Deerek TI Behavioral and signaling effects of blueberries, strawberries, and walnuts: Quenching the fires of aging SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Joseph, James; Shukitt-Hale, Barbara; Fisher, Deerek] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Medford, MA 02155 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 86-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700246 ER PT J AU Khan, SA Sung, KD Nawaz, MS Cerniglia, CE Tamplin, ML Phillips, RW Kelley, LC AF Khan, Saeed A. Sung, Kidon Nawaz, Mohamed S. Cerniglia, Carl E. Tamplin, Mark L. Phillips, Robert W. Kelley, Lynda C. TI Survivability of Bacillus anthracis (Sterne strain) in processed liquid eggs SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. USDA, RRC, Athens, GA USA. Univ Tasmania, Australian Food Safety Ctr Excellence, Hobart, Tas, Australia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 62-IEC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164703205 ER PT J AU Khanal, R Wilkes, SE Rogers, TJ Howard, LR Prior, RL AF Khanal, Ramesh Wilkes, Samuel E. Rogers, Theodore J. Howard, Luke R. Prior, Ronald L. TI Urinary excretion of phenolic acids in rats fed cranberry, blueberry, or black raspberry SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Arkansas, Dept Food Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72703 USA. Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. ARS, USDA, Little Rock, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 242-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700192 ER PT J AU Khanal, R Wilkes, SE Rogers, TJ Howard, LR Prior, RL AF Khanal, Ramesh Wilkes, Samuel E. Rogers, Theodore J. Howard, Luke R. Prior, Ronald L. TI Catechin/Epicatechin metabolism and excretion in rats fed different berries SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Arkansas, Dept Food Sci, Fayhetteville, AR USA. Arkansas Childrens Nutr Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. ARS, USDA, Little Rock, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 224-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700173 ER PT J AU Kimball, BA Yamazaki, K Kohler, D Opiekun, M Faranda, A Muth, JP Bowen, R Beauchamp, GK AF Kimball, Bruce A. Yamazaki, Kunio Kohler, Dennis Opiekun, Maryanne Faranda, Adam Muth, Jack P. Bowen, Richard Beauchamp, Gary K. TI "Tail" of two detectors: Identification of avian influenza via fecal volatiles SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA APHIS WS NWRC, Monell Chem Senses Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. USDA APHIS WS NWDP, Ft Collins, CO USA. Colorado State Univ, Anim Reprod & Biotechnol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 205-ANYL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700356 ER PT J AU Lichtenstien, A AF Lichtenstien, Alice TI Dietary fat and cardiovascular disease: Quantity or quality? SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lichtenstien, Alice] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Medford, MA 02155 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 74-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700238 ER PT J AU Medina, MB AF Medina, Marjorie B. TI Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin A in food samples SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Medina, Marjorie B.] USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 19-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700142 ER PT J AU Ngo, HL Vanselous, H Lin, WB AF Ngo, Helen L. Vanselous, Heather Lin, Wenbin TI Acid catalyzed synthesis of fatty acid methyl esters from waste greases SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS, USDA, ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 60-CATL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164701035 ER PT J AU Novotny, JA AF Novotny, Janet A. TI Anthocyanins: Disease preventing pigments with complex bioavailabilities SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Novotny, Janet A.] USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 187-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700139 ER PT J AU Odom, LJ Ankumah, RO Jaynes, J Bonsi, C Cary, JW Egnin, M Mortley, D Ogden, L Rajasekaran, K AF Odom, LaKisha J. Ankumah, Ramble O. Jaynes, Jesse Bonsi, Conrad Cary, Jeffery W. Egnin, Marceline Mortley, Desmond Ogden, Lanell Rajasekaran, Kanniah TI Effect of transgenic cotton plants transformed with antimicrobial synthetic peptide D4E1 on cotton seedling disease, soil microbial diversity, and enzymatic activity SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tuskegee Univ, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 214-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700163 ER PT J AU Pagan-Rodriguez, D AF Pagan-Rodriguez, Doritza TI Overview of sampling and analytical methodologies in the Food Safety and Inspection Service's National Residue Program SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pagan-Rodriguez, Doritza] USDA, Off Publ Hlth Sci, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 159-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700115 ER PT J AU Pearce, E Brown, CH Cheng, HN AF Pearce, Eli Brown, Cheryl H. Cheng, H. N. TI ACS Senior Chemists Task Force: An overview SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NYU Polytech Inst, Dept Chem & Biol Sci, Brooklyn, NY USA. Amer Chem Soc, Washington, DC 20036 USA. ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 11-PROF PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164707166 ER PT J AU Petroski, RJ Vermillion, K AF Petroski, Richard J. Vermillion, Karl TI Two-carbon homologation of ketones to 3-methyl unsaturated aldehydes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Petroski, Richard J.; Vermillion, Karl] ARS, Dept Crop Bioprotect, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 97-ORGN PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164705543 ER PT J AU Poulose, SM Bielinski, DF Shukitt-Hale, B Fisher, DR Joseph, JA AF Poulose, Shibu M. Bielinski, Donna F. Shukitt-Hale, Barbara Fisher, Derek R. Joseph, James A. TI Berry extracts and brain aging: Clearance of toxic protein accumulation in brain via induction of autophagy SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA USA. Tufts Univ, HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 60-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700223 ER PT J AU Prior, RL AF Prior, Ronald L. TI Challenges and issues with the ORAC assay SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Prior, Ronald L.] ARS, ACNC, USDA, Little Rock, AR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 183-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700136 ER PT J AU Rajasekaran, K Cary, JW Jaynes, JM Bhatnagar, D Cleveland, TE AF Rajasekaran, Kanniah Cary, Jeffrey W. Jaynes, Jesse M. Bhatnagar, Deepak Cleveland, Thomas E. TI Transgenic expression of lytic peptides for elimination of mycotoxins in food and feed crops SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS, SRRC, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. Tuskegee Univ, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 230-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700180 ER PT J AU Roberts, S AF Roberts, Susan TI Impact of early life nutrition on health and wellness SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Roberts, Susan] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Medford, MA 02155 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 78-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700241 ER PT J AU Shortle, WC Smith, KT Lawrence, GB AF Shortle, Walter C. Smith, Kevin T. Lawrence, Gregory B. TI Aluminum-induced calcium deficiency syndrome in a spruce-pine forest in NW Russia SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA, US Forest Serv, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 20-GEOC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164703130 ER PT J AU Spokas, KA AF Spokas, Kurt A. TI Impacts of biochar additions on soil microbial processes and nitrogen cycling SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Spokas, Kurt A.] ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN USA. RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 337-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164702712 ER PT J AU Stahl, RS Kemp, JM Miller, LA AF Stahl, Randal S. Kemp, Jefferey M. Miller, Lowell A. TI Evaluation of select fractions of mineral oil in vaccine preparation SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stahl, Randal S.; Kemp, Jefferey M.; Miller, Lowell A.] USDA APHIS WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 482-MEDI PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164704384 ER PT J AU Stiles, CA West, LT Smith, CW Gaskin, J AF Stiles, Cynthia A. West, Larry T. Smith, Christopher W. Gaskin, Julia TI Biochar as a soil amendment: Soil Survey considerations for future management directions SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, USDA, Lincoln, NE USA. NRCS, Natl Headquarters, Soil Survey Div, USDA, Washington, DC USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 342-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164702717 ER PT J AU Sun, R Popham, HJR Shelby, KS Robertson, JD AF Sun, Rui Popham, Holly J. R. Shelby, Kent S. Robertson, J. David TI Measurement of trace elements during the development and immune response of Heliothis virescens larvae SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, USDA, Columbia, MO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 59-NUCL PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164704545 ER PT J AU Nguyen, TMD Chang, SC Condon, B Graves, E Smith, J AF Thach-Mien Duong Nguyen Chang, SeChin Condon, Brian Graves, Elena Smith, Jade TI Novel triazine phosphonates derivatives as economic flame retardant for cotton SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Thach-Mien Duong Nguyen; Chang, SeChin; Condon, Brian; Graves, Elena; Smith, Jade] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 28-IEC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164703177 ER PT J AU Tomasula, PM AF Tomasula, Peggy M. TI Tensile and solubility properties of calcium caseinate films cross-linked with genipin SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tomasula, Peggy M.] USDA, Dr Phoebe Qi Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 116-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700081 ER PT J AU Tunick, MH AF Tunick, Michael H. TI Molecules to mozzarella: The chemistry of cheese SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tunick, Michael H.] ARS, Dairy Proc & Prod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 3-SOCED PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164707227 ER PT J AU Tunick, MH AF Tunick, Michael H. TI Activation energy measurements of cheese SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Tunick, Michael H.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 232-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700182 ER PT J AU Uchimiya, M Lima, IM Klasson, KT Wartelle, LH AF Uchimiya, Minori Lima, Isabel M. Klasson, K. Thomas Wartelle, Lynda H. TI Biochar soil amendment: Impact of soil types on heavy metal sorption-desorption behaviors and repeated nutrient leaching SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Uchimiya, Minori; Lima, Isabel M.; Klasson, K. Thomas; Wartelle, Lynda H.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 233-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164702622 ER PT J AU Xu, DH Klesius, P Shoemaker, C AF Xu, Dehai Klesius, Phillip Shoemaker, Craig TI Efficacy of Ichthyophthirius vaccines in channel catfish against white spot disease SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Xu, Dehai; Klesius, Phillip; Shoemaker, Craig] ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, USDA, Auburn, AL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 237-AGFD PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164700187 ER PT J AU Yoshioka-Tarver, M Easson, MW Condon, BD AF Yoshioka-Tarver, Megumi Easson, Michael W. Condon, Brian D. TI Synthesis of novel flame retardant organophosphorus compounds for the application to cotton textile SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Yoshioka-Tarver, Megumi; Easson, Michael W.; Condon, Brian D.] ARS, USDA, SRRC, New Orleans, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 22 PY 2010 VL 240 MA 59-IEC PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA V20UK UT WOS:000208164703201 ER PT J AU Yu, YF Saatchi, S Heath, LS LaPoint, E Myneni, R Knyazikhin, Y AF Yu, Yifan Saatchi, Sassan Heath, Linda S. LaPoint, Elizabeth Myneni, Ranga Knyazikhin, Yuri TI Regional distribution of forest height and biomass from multisensor data fusion SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL ELEVATION DATASET; RADAR TOPOGRAPHY MISSION; VEGETATION CANOPY HEIGHT; LAND-USE; C-BAND; LIDAR; CARBON; PERFORMANCE; CONIFER; TERRAIN AB Elevation data acquired from radar interferometry at C-band from SRTM are used in data fusion techniques to estimate regional scale forest height and aboveground live biomass (AGLB) over the state of Maine. Two fusion techniques have been developed to perform post-processing and parameter estimations from four data sets: 1 arc sec National Elevation Data (NED), SRTM derived elevation (30 m), Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM) bands (30 m), derived vegetation index (VI) and NLCD2001 land cover map. The first fusion algorithm corrects for missing or erroneous NED data using an iterative interpolation approach and produces distribution of scattering phase centers from SRTM-NED in three dominant forest types of evergreen conifers, deciduous, and mixed stands. The second fusion technique integrates the USDA Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) ground-based plot data to develop an algorithm to transform the scattering phase centers into mean forest height and aboveground biomass. Height estimates over evergreen (R-2 = 0.86, P < 0.001; RMSE = 1.1 m) and mixed forests (R-2 = 0.93, P < 0.001, RMSE = 0.8 m) produced the best results. Estimates over deciduous forests were less accurate because of the winter acquisition of SRTM data and loss of scattering phase center from tree-surface interaction. We used two methods to estimate AGLB; algorithms based on direct estimation from the scattering phase center produced higher precision (R-2 = 0.79, RMSE = 25 Mg/ha) than those estimated from forest height (R-2 - 0.25, RMSE - 66 Mg/ha). We discuss sources of uncertainty and implications of the results in the context of mapping regional and continental scale forest biomass distribution. C1 [Yu, Yifan] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Heath, Linda S.; LaPoint, Elizabeth] US Forest Serv, Dept Agr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Myneni, Ranga; Knyazikhin, Yuri] Boston Univ, Dept Geog & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Saatchi, Sassan] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Yu, YF (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM yifany@ucla.edu RI Myneni, Ranga/F-5129-2012 NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD AUG 21 PY 2010 VL 115 AR G00E12 DI 10.1029/2009JG000995 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 641QJ UT WOS:000281144500001 ER PT J AU Zhang, M Zhang, YD Liu, L Yu, LJ Tsang, S Tan, J Yao, WH Kang, MS An, YQ Fan, XM AF Zhang, Ming Zhang, Yudong Liu, Li Yu, Lijuan Tsang, Shirley Tan, Jing Yao, Wenhua Kang, Manjit S. An, Yongqiang Fan, Xingming TI Gene Expression Browser: large-scale and cross-experiment microarray data integration, management, search & visualization SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID DISEASE RESISTANCE; SALICYLIC-ACID; ESSENTIAL COMPONENT; ARABIDOPSIS; DEFENSE; RESPONSES; PLANTS; NORMALIZATION; REPOSITORY; LEVEL AB Background: In the last decade, a large amount of microarray gene expression data has been accumulated in public repositories. Integrating and analyzing high-throughput gene expression data have become key activities for exploring gene functions, gene networks and biological pathways. Effectively utilizing these invaluable microarray data remains challenging due to a lack of powerful tools to integrate large-scale gene-expression information across diverse experiments and to search and visualize a large number of gene-expression data points. Results: Gene Expression Browser is a microarray data integration, management and processing system with web-based search and visualization functions. An innovative method has been developed to define a treatment over a control for every microarray experiment to standardize and make microarray data from different experiments homogeneous. In the browser, data are pre-processed offline and the resulting data points are visualized online with a 2-layer dynamic web display. Users can view all treatments over control that affect the expression of a selected gene via Gene View, and view all genes that change in a selected treatment over control via treatment over control View. Users can also check the changes of expression profiles of a set of either the treatments over control or genes via Slide View. In addition, the relationships between genes and treatments over control are computed according to gene expression ratio and are shown as co-responsive genes and co-regulation treatments over control. Conclusion: Gene Expression Browser is composed of a set of software tools, including a data extraction tool, a microarray data-management system, a data-annotation tool, a microarray data-processing pipeline, and a data search & visualization tool. The browser is deployed as a free public web service (http://www.ExpressionBrowser.com) that integrates 301 ATH1 gene microarray experiments from public data repositories (viz. the Gene Expression Omnibus repository at the National Center for Biotechnology Information and Nottingham Arabidopsis Stock Center). The set of Gene Expression Browser software tools can be easily applied to the large-scale expression data generated by other platforms and in other species. C1 [Zhang, Yudong; Liu, Li; Yu, Lijuan; Tan, Jing; Yao, Wenhua; Fan, Xingming] Yunnan Acad Agr Sci, Inst Food Crops, Kunming 650205, Yunnan Province, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Ming] GeneExp, San Jose, CA 95112 USA. [Tsang, Shirley] Biomatrix, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Kang, Manjit S.] Punjab Agr Univ, Ludhiana 141004, Punjab, India. [An, Yongqiang] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. RP Fan, XM (reprint author), Yunnan Acad Agr Sci, Inst Food Crops, Kunming 650205, Yunnan Province, Peoples R China. EM xingmingfan@vip.km169.net OI Kang, Manjit/0000-0001-5266-2290 FU Yunnan Advanced Talent Introduction Project Foundation, China [20080A006] FX We thank Dr Michael Gibson for creative discussions on the design of software architecture and user interfaces and for critically reading this paper. We also thank Professor Zhiyong Wang for coining the term "co-responsive genes." Arabidopsis data input and annotation are supported by the Yunnan Advanced Talent Introduction Project Foundation (20080A006), China. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD AUG 20 PY 2010 VL 11 AR 433 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-11-433 PG 16 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 660HM UT WOS:000282631000001 PM 20727159 ER PT J AU Guerrero, JSP Skaggs, TH AF Perez Guerrero, J. S. Skaggs, T. H. TI Analytical solution for one-dimensional advection-dispersion transport equation with distance-dependent coefficients SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Contaminant transport; Heterogeneous porous media; Distance-dependent dispersion; Analytical solution; Integral transform; Integrating factor ID POWER-SERIES SOLUTION; POROUS-MEDIA; CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT; VARIABLE-COEFFICIENTS; TRACER TEST; DIFFUSION; SYSTEMS; MODEL AB Mathematical models describing contaminant transport in heterogeneous porous media are often formulated as an advection-dispersion transport equation with distance-dependent transport coefficients. In this work, a general analytical solution is presented for the linear, one-dimensional advection-dispersion equation with distance-dependent coefficients. An integrating factor is employed to obtain a transport equation that has a self-adjoint differential operator, and a solution is found using the generalized integral transform technique (GITT). It is demonstrated that an analytical expression for the integrating factor exists for several transport equation formulations of practical importance in groundwater transport modeling. Unlike nearly all solutions available in the literature, the current solution is developed for a finite spatial domain. As an illustration, solutions for the particular case of a linearly increasing dispersivity are developed in detail and results are compared with solutions from the literature. Among other applications, the current analytical solution will be particularly useful for testing or benchmarking numerical transport codes because of the incorporation of a finite spatial domain. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Skaggs, T. H.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Perez Guerrero, J. S.] DIREJ DRS CNEN, Brazilian Nucl Energy Commiss, Radioact Waste Div, BR-22290901 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Skaggs, TH (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM Todd.Skaggs@ars.usda.gov FU Brazilian National Research Council, CNPq; Department of Environmental Sciences at the University of California, Riverside; United States Salinity Laboratory, USDA-ARS FX The first author acknowledges support by the Brazilian National Research Council, CNPq; the Department of Environmental Sciences at the University of California, Riverside; and the United States Salinity Laboratory, USDA-ARS. NR 35 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD AUG 20 PY 2010 VL 390 IS 1-2 BP 57 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.06.030 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 643NI UT WOS:000281303000006 ER PT J AU Fellman, JB Spencer, RGM Hernes, PJ Edwards, RT D'Amore, DV Hood, E AF Fellman, Jason B. Spencer, Robert G. M. Hernes, Peter J. Edwards, Rick T. D'Amore, David V. Hood, Eran TI The impact of glacier runoff on the biodegradability and biochemical composition of terrigenous dissolved organic matter in near-shore marine ecosystems SO MARINE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Biodegradable dissolved organic carbon; Dissolved organic matter; Fluorescence; PARAFAC; Estuary; Glacier ID FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; SOUTHEAST ALASKA; MIXING BEHAVIOR; NATURAL-WATERS; RIVERINE DOC; FRESH-WATER; CARBON; ESTUARIES; DEGRADATION; NITROGEN AB The processing of terrigenous dissolved organic matter (DOM) by aquatic food webs modifies its biochemical composition from riverine to coastal ecosystems. We used parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) of fluorescence excitation-emission matrices (EEMs) and biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) incubations to investigate changes in the biochemical composition and lability of terrigenous DOM in three estuaries of coastal southeastern Alaska: 1) a watershed with high glacial coverage, 2) low glacial coverage, and 3) low glacial coverage and high wetland coverage. Laboratory BDOC incubations were conducted for each site by inoculating filtered river water with microbial inocula collected from four different salinities (0, 2, 10 and 25) along the estuarine transect. The percent BDOC for all three sites ranged from 22 to 44% for the 28-day incubations and was greatest in the estuary draining the highly glaciated watershed. Moreover, percent BDOC was greatest for river water samples inoculated with marine compared to freshwater bacteria suggesting marine bacterioplankton were able to utilize a larger fraction of the terrigenous DOM pool than riverine microbes. PARAFAC modeling of fluorescence EEMs showed non-conservative estuarine mixing behavior for DOM including removal at low salinities and addition at mid-high salinities for all three sites. For example, tyrosine-like fluorescence decreased dramatically between salinity values 0 and 0.5 and was undetectable by salinity 2 for all three estuaries. However. humic-like C4 (correlated with aliphatic carbon content) and tryptophan-like fluorescence increased non-conservatively during estuarine mixing, likely associated with an increase in bacterioplankton growth. These results indicate that terrigenous DOM, particularly from glacial runoff, is an important source of carbon and nutrients to near-shore coastal zones of southeast Alaska. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fellman, Jason B.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Spencer, Robert G. M.; Hernes, Peter J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Edwards, Rick T.; D'Amore, David V.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Hood, Eran] Univ Alaska SE, Environm Sci Program, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. RP Fellman, JB (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. EM jfellman@cyllene.uwa.edu.au FU U.S. National Science Foundation [EAR-0838587]; U.S. Department of Agriculture National Research Initiative [2005-35102-16289]; U.S.D.A. Forest Service FX The authors wish to acknowledge Erik Norberg, Mark Lukey, and Isla Smith for their laboratory and field assistance and Byron Crump for his helpful comments on the DOM biodegradation incubations. We are grateful for the assistance of Rachael Dyda and Bill Holmes with lignin and 13C-DOC analyses, respectively at UC Davis. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. This study was funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation (EAR-0838587), U.S. Department of Agriculture National Research Initiative (grant #2005-35102-16289), and the U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Aquatic and Land Interactions Program at the Pacific Northwest Research Station in Juneau, AK. The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for reader information and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture of any product or service. NR 67 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 4 U2 79 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4203 J9 MAR CHEM JI Mar. Chem. PD AUG 20 PY 2010 VL 121 IS 1-4 BP 112 EP 122 DI 10.1016/j.marchem.2010.03.009 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography SC Chemistry; Oceanography GA 711AW UT WOS:000286559100011 ER PT J AU McCarty, GW Reeves, JB Yost, R Doraiswamy, PC Doumbia, M AF McCarty, Gregory W. Reeves, James B., III Yost, Russell Doraiswamy, Paul C. Doumbia, Mamadou TI Evaluation of methods for measuring soil organic carbon in West African soils SO AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Soil organic carbon; loss on ignition; dichromate oxidation; dry combustion ID DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; WALKLEY-BLACK ANALYSIS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FOOD SECURITY; SEQUESTRATION; RECOVERY AB Increased interest in implementing projects in the Sahel region of Africa for sequestration of atmospheric carbon dioxide in soil organic matter has intensified the need for methods that accurately measure soil C but which are also suitable for use by most resource limited soil analysis laboratories in the region. The challenge is amplified by the low carbon content of the degraded soils found on agricultural lands in the region (often less than 5 g kg(-1) soil). Various indirect methods have been recommended for estimating soil C which can be readily implemented in a limited resource environment but they require more evaluation in terms of accuracy. This study compares soil carbon results obtained by direct elemental analysis using dry combustion to estimates obtained by indirect methods such as dichromate oxidation, mass loss-on-ignition (LOI), and diffused reflectance infrared spectroscopy that has advantages in being simple, inexpensive, and/or rapid. The results showed that both dichromate oxidation and loss-on-ignition had substantial limitations when used to analyze the low carbon soils within the region. Diffused reflectance spectroscopy using either the near- or mid-infrared spectral regions performed well for predicting soil organic carbon as well as sand, silt and clay content. These results indicate that once calibrated, infrared spectroscopy holds great promise for quantifying soil properties in the Sahel region and that regional laboratories could adopt the technology if instrumentation were made available. C1 [McCarty, Gregory W.; Doraiswamy, Paul C.] USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Reeves, James B., III] USDA, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Reeves, James B., III] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Doumbia, Mamadou] Inst Econ Rurale, Lab Sol Eau Plante, Bamako, Mali. RP McCarty, GW (reprint author), USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM greg.mccarty@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC JOURNALS PI VICTORIA ISLAND PA P O BOX 5170-00200 NAIROBI, VICTORIA ISLAND, LAGOS 73023, NIGERIA SN 1991-637X J9 AFR J AGR RES JI Afr. J. Agric. Res. PD AUG 18 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 16 BP 2169 EP 2177 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 652ZE UT WOS:000282050400013 ER PT J AU Vargas, RI Pinero, JC Mau, RFL Jang, EB Klungness, LM McInnis, DO Harris, EB McQuate, GT Bautista, RC Wong, L AF Vargas, Roger I. Pinero, Jaime C. Mau, Ronald F. L. Jang, Eric B. Klungness, Lester M. McInnis, Donald O. Harris, Ernest B. McQuate, Grant T. Bautista, Renato C. Wong, Lyle TI Area-wide suppression of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, and the Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis, in Kamuela, Hawaii SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bait spray; Integrated Pest Management; male annihilation; monitoring; Tephritidae ID MELON FLIES DIPTERA; METHYL EUGENOL; BAIT SPRAYS; CUE-LURE; TEPHRITIDAE; CUCURBITAE; SPINOSAD; MANAGEMENT; MALATHION; ATTRACT AB The United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service initiated an area-wide fruit fly management program in Hawaii in 2000. The first demonstration site was established in Kamuela, Hawaii, USA. This paper documents suppression of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), and the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), in a 40 km(2) area containing urban, rural and agricultural zones during a 6 year period. The suppression techniques included sanitation, GF-120 NF Naturalyte Fruit Fly Bait sprays, male annihilation, Biolure (R) traps, and parasitoids against C. capitata and B. dorsalis. In addition, small numbers of sterile males were released against B. dorsalis. Substantial reductions in fruit infestation levels were achieved for both species (90.7 and 60.7% for C. capitata and B. dorsalis, respectively) throughout the treatment period. Fruit fly captures in the 40 km(2) treatment area were significantly lower during the 6 year period than those recorded in three non-treated areas. The strategy of combining suppression techniques in an area-wide approach is discussed. C1 [Vargas, Roger I.; Jang, Eric B.; Klungness, Lester M.; McQuate, Grant T.] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Pinero, Jaime C.; Mau, Ronald F. L.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Coll Trop Agr & Human Resources, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [McInnis, Donald O.; Harris, Ernest B.] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Bautista, Renato C.; Wong, Lyle] Hawaii Dept Agr, Div Plant Ind, Plant Pest Control Branch, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA. [Pinero, Jaime C.] Lincoln Univ Missouri, Jefferson City, MO 65101 USA. RP Vargas, RI (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, POB 4459, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM roger.vargas@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS FX We thank USDA-ARS and particularly, R. Faust [National Program Leader (retired)], for funding this program, and the other scientists and staff of the Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center for their participation in the program. GIS mapping was done by C. Chan, and fruit data processing by D. Ota. Field operations were performed largely by G. Boyer, A. Kawabata, C. Lee, M. Hiramoto, and insect rearing was directed by R. Kurashima, S. Tam, J. Komatsu and T. Mangine. We thank student trainees for fruit processing and G. Franchini for her editing skills. Most importantly, we thank the growers for their cooperation and willingness to try the program, in particular the commercial cucurbit growers, E. Yamamoto, L. Rincon, M. Honda, K. Hufford, P. Johnston, R. Linsey and E. Cordeiro. We appreciate the valuable suggestions of R. Dowell and J. Deguine and of three anonymous referees that have improved this manuscript. This article reports the results of research only. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement or a recommendation by the USDA for its use. NR 29 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 35 PU UNIV ARIZONA PI TUCSON PA LIBRARY C327, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA SN 1536-2442 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD AUG 17 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 135 DI 10.1673/031.010.13501 PG 16 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 644LQ UT WOS:000281379300001 PM 20883128 ER PT J AU Lomascolo, SB Levey, DJ Kimball, RT Bolker, BM Alborn, HT AF Lomascolo, Silvia B. Levey, Douglas J. Kimball, Rebecca T. Bolker, Benjamin M. Alborn, Hans T. TI Dispersers shape fruit diversity in Ficus (Moraceae) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE dispersal syndromes; fruit evolution; phylogenetic comparative analysis; plant-animal interactions; seed dispersal ID SEED DISPERSAL; CORRELATED EVOLUTION; TROPICAL FORESTS; SPECIES-LEVEL; FLESHY FRUITS; EATING BATS; FIGS FICUS; COLOR; CONSEQUENCES; RECRUITMENT AB Seed dispersal by vertebrates is one of the most common and important plant-animal mutualisms, involving an enormous diversity of fruiting plants and frugivorous animals. Even though plant reproduction depends largely on seed dispersal, evolutionary ecologists have been unable to link co-occurring traits in fruits with differences in behavior, physiology, and morphology of fruit-eating vertebrates. Hence, the origin and maintenance of fruit diversity remains largely unexplained. Using a multivariate phylogenetic comparative test with unbiased estimates of odor and color in figs, we demonstrate that fruit traits evolve in concert and as predicted by differences in the behavior, physiology (perceptive ability) and morphology of their frugivorous seed dispersers. The correlated evolution of traits results in the convergence of general appearance of fruits in species that share disperser types. Observations at fruiting trees independently confirmed that differences in fig traits predict differences in dispersers. Taken together, these results demonstrate that differences among frugivores have shaped the evolution of fruit traits. More broadly, our results underscore the importance of mutualisms in both generating and maintaining biodiversity. C1 [Lomascolo, Silvia B.; Levey, Douglas J.; Kimball, Rebecca T.; Bolker, Benjamin M.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Lomascolo, Silvia B.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn Mendoza, Inst Argentino Invest Zonas Aridas, Ctr Cient & Tecnol, RA-5500 Mendoza, Argentina. [Bolker, Benjamin M.] McMaster Univ, Dept Math, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada. [Bolker, Benjamin M.] McMaster Univ, Dept Stat, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada. [Bolker, Benjamin M.] McMaster Univ, Dept Biol, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada. [Alborn, Hans T.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Lomascolo, SB (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM slomascolo@mendoza-conicet.gov.ar RI Kimball, Rebecca/C-2290-2009; OI Kimball, Rebecca/0000-0001-5449-5481; Bolker, Benjamin/0000-0002-2127-0443 FU National Science Foundation; Rufford Foundation; Garden Club of America; Sigma Xi; Association for Women in Science; Sophie Danforth Conservation Grant FX Fieldwork in Papua New Guinea was facilitated by Wildlife Conservation Society co-directors Andrew Mack and Debra Wright and sub-director Ross Sinclair. George Weiblen and Brus Isua helped with species identification and much more during fieldwork and beyond. Brus and Lucy Isua warmly facilitated S.B.L.'s stay in Ohu village; Monica and Laurent Bertin, and Giselle Maisonneuve did the same in Madang town. Many people helped with fieldwork, most especially Francesca Dem and field assistants Amos, Frank, and Ismael. Tamaki Yuri and, especially, Eric Dyreson were instrumental in teaching us about EPCA. Nina Ronsted from the Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, generously contributed unpublished sequences for fig species. Dr. Peter Teal generously shared his laboratory and his team of researchers to help with the volatile compound analysis. Special thanks go to Barbara Dueben, who has passed away, for helping set up the protocol and volatile extraction system for the field. Mark Whitten also helped with initial volatile compound work. Peter Richardson shared his Ficus benjamina photograph for this publication. Ignacio Paz Posse helped with fieldwork, photographs, and many more aspects of this study. Comments by three anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript. This work was funded by a National Science Foundation Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant, by the Rufford Foundation, the Garden Club of America, Sigma Xi, the Association for Women in Science, and by a Sophie Danforth Conservation Grant given to S. B. L. Brian McNab provided financial support for S.B.L.'s initial fieldwork in Papua New Guinea. NR 55 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 5 U2 51 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 17 PY 2010 VL 107 IS 33 BP 14668 EP 14672 DI 10.1073/pnas.1008773107 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 643IA UT WOS:000281287600029 PM 20679219 ER PT J AU Green, BW Rawles, SD AF Green, Bartholomew W. Rawles, Steven D. TI Comparative growth and yield of channel catfish and channel x blue hybrid catfish fed a full or restricted ration SO AQUACULTURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE channel catfish; channel x blue hybrid catfish; feed restriction; growth; yield ID ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS RAFINESQUE; DIETARY-PROTEIN; FEEDING REGIMENS; PROCESSING YIELD; BODY-COMPOSITION; WATER-QUALITY; WEIGHT-GAIN; SATIATION; DENSITIES; TRAITS AB Growth and yield (kg ha-1) of the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus, Rafinesque, 1818) and the channel x blue hybrid catfish [I. punctatus female x I. furcatus (Lesueur, 1840) male], which shared the Jubilee strain of channel catfish as the maternal parent, were compared in sixteen 0.1 ha earthen ponds (14 852 fish ha-1) during the April to November growing season. Each fish genetic group was fed a commercially formulated 32% protein feed daily to apparent satiation or at 80% of the mean daily satiation ration. Net yield and individual weight were higher for channel x blue hybrid catfish compared with channel catfish and for fish fed a full ration compared with a restricted ration. When fed a full ration, the channel x blue hybrid catfish grew faster from May to September than did the purebred channel catfish because the hybrid catfish consumed a greater percentage of its body weight at each feeding. Net yield within each fish genetic group was lower when feed ration was restricted. The per cent reduction in net yield in response to feed restriction was similar for each fish genetic group. C1 [Green, Bartholomew W.; Rawles, Steven D.] ARS, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, USDA, SNARC, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Green, BW (reprint author), ARS, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, USDA, SNARC, POB 1050,2955 Highway 130 E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM bart.green@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1355-557X J9 AQUAC RES JI Aquac. Res. PD AUG 16 PY 2010 VL 41 IS 9 BP e109 EP e119 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2109.2009.02470.x PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 640OA UT WOS:000281059700012 ER PT J AU Hyten, DL Song, QJ Fickus, EW Quigley, CV Lim, JS Choi, IY Hwang, EY Pastor-Corrales, M Cregan, PB AF Hyten, David L. Song, Qijian Fickus, Edward W. Quigley, Charles V. Lim, Jong-Sung Choi, Ik-Young Hwang, Eun-Young Pastor-Corrales, Marcial Cregan, Perry B. TI High-throughput SNP discovery and assay development in common bean SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID GENOME SEQUENCE; COMPLEX GENOME; BARLEY; GENE AB Background: Next generation sequencing has significantly increased the speed at which single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can be discovered and subsequently used as molecular markers for research. Unfortunately, for species such as common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) which do not have a whole genome sequence available, the use of next generation sequencing for SNP discovery is much more difficult and costly. To this end we developed a method which couples sequences obtained from the Roche 454-FLX system (454) with the Illumina Genome Analyzer (GA) for high-throughput SNP discovery. Results: Using a multi-tier reduced representation library we discovered a total of 3,487 SNPs of which 2,795 contained sufficient flanking genomic sequence for SNP assay development. Using Sanger sequencing to determine the validation rate of these SNPs, we found that 86% are likely to be true SNPs. Furthermore, we designed a GoldenGate assay which contained 1,050 of the 3,487 predicted SNPs. A total of 827 of the 1,050 SNPs produced a working GoldenGate assay (79%). Conclusions: Through combining two next generation sequencing techniques we have developed a method that allows high-throughput SNP discovery in any diploid organism without the need of a whole genome sequence or the creation of normalized cDNA libraries. The need to only perform one 454 run and one GA sequencer run allows high-throughput SNP discovery with sufficient sequence for assay development to be performed in organisms, such as common bean, which have limited genomic resources. C1 [Hyten, David L.; Song, Qijian; Fickus, Edward W.; Quigley, Charles V.; Hwang, Eun-Young; Pastor-Corrales, Marcial; Cregan, Perry B.] ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Song, Qijian] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Lim, Jong-Sung; Choi, Ik-Young] Seoul Natl Univ, Genome Res Lab, Natl Instrumentat Ctr Environm Management, Seoul 151921, South Korea. RP Hyten, DL (reprint author), ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM david.hyten@ars.usda.gov RI CHOI, Ik-Young/H-3366-2012; OI Hyten, David/0000-0001-6324-9389 FU USDA-ARS FX We thank Rob Perry, Chris Pooley, Steven Schroeder, and Curt Van Tassell for their assistance with the next generation sequence analysis and Alicia Beavers and Tad Sonstegard for assistance with the Illumina Genome Analyzer sequence and genomic sequence tag site Sanger sequencing. This project was funded by the USDA-ARS. Mention of a trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the USDA and does not imply approval of a product to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 27 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 2 U2 24 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD AUG 16 PY 2010 VL 11 AR 475 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-11-475 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 662EF UT WOS:000282789300001 PM 20712881 ER PT J AU Jannink, JL AF Jannink, Jean-Luc TI Dynamics of long-term genomic selection SO GENETICS SELECTION EVOLUTION LA English DT Article ID GENOMEWIDE SELECTION; QUANTITATIVE TRAITS; WIDE SELECTION; BREEDING VALUE; DAIRY-CATTLE; POPULATIONS; PREDICTION; IMPROVEMENT; ACCURACY; BARLEY AB Background: Simulation and empirical studies of genomic selection (GS) show accuracies sufficient to generate rapid gains in early selection cycles. Beyond those cycles, allele frequency changes, recombination, and inbreeding make analytical prediction of gain impossible. The impacts of GS on long-term gain should be studied prior to its implementation. Methods: A simulation case-study of this issue was done for barley, an inbred crop. On the basis of marker data on 192 breeding lines from an elite six-row spring barley program, stochastic simulation was used to explore the effects of large or small initial training populations with heritabilities of 0.2 or 0.5, applying GS before or after phenotyping, and applying additional weight on low-frequency favorable marker alleles. Genomic predictions were from ridge regression or a Bayesian analysis. Results: Assuming that applying GS prior to phenotyping shortened breeding cycle time by 50%, this practice strongly increased early selection gains but also caused the loss of many favorable QTL alleles, leading to loss of genetic variance, loss of GS accuracy, and a low selection plateau. Placing additional weight on low-frequency favorable marker alleles, however, allowed GS to increase their frequency earlier on, causing an initial increase in genetic variance. This dynamic led to higher long-term gain while mitigating losses in short-term gain. Weighted GS also increased the maintenance of marker polymorphism, ensuring that QTL-marker linkage disequilibrium was higher than in unweighted GS. Conclusions: Losing favorable alleles that are in weak linkage disequilibrium with markers is perhaps inevitable when using GS. Placing additional weight on low-frequency favorable alleles, however, may reduce the rate of loss of such alleles to below that of phenotypic selection. Applying such weights at the beginning of GS implementation is important. C1 [Jannink, Jean-Luc] USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Jannink, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jeanluc.jannink@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA-AFRI [2009-85606-05701, 2009-65300-05661] FX This manuscript was improved by discussion with Martha Hamblin, Aaron Lorenz, Elliot Heffner, Jesse Poland, Hiroyoshi Iwata, Peter Bradbury, and by the comments of two anonymous reviewers. USDA-NIFA-AFRI provided grant support (grant numbers 2009-85606-05701 and 2009-65300-05661). NR 29 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 26 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0999-193X J9 GENET SEL EVOL JI Genet. Sel. Evol. PD AUG 16 PY 2010 VL 42 AR 35 DI 10.1186/1297-9686-42-35 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA 655ZW UT WOS:000282296200001 PM 20712894 ER PT J AU McRoberts, RE AF McRoberts, Ronald E. TI The effects of rectification and Global Positioning System errors on satellite image-based estimates of forest area SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Logistic regression; Inference; Forest inventory ID LOCATION ERROR; MISREGISTRATION; INVENTORY; ACCURACY; GIS AB Satellite image-based maps of forest attributes are of considerable interest and are used for multiple purposes such as international reporting by countries that have no national forest inventory and small area estimation for all countries. Construction of the maps typically entails, in part, rectifying the satellite images to a geographic coordinate system, observing ground plots whose coordinates are obtained from Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers that are calibrated to the same geographic coordinate system, and then matching ground plots to image pixels containing the centers of the ground plots. Errors in rectification and GPS coordinates cause observations of ground attributes to be associated with spectral values of incorrect pixels which, in turn, introduces classification errors into the resulting maps. The most important finding of the study is that for common magnitudes of rectification and GPS errors, as many as half the ground plots may be assigned to incorrect pixels. The effects on areal estimates obtained by aggregating class predictions for individual pixels are deviation of the estimates from their true values, erroneous confidence intervals, and incorrect inferences. Results are reported in detail for both probability-based (design-based) and model-based approaches to inference for proportion forest area using maps constructed from Landsat imagery, forest inventory plot observations and a logistic regression model. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. RP McRoberts, RE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. EM rmcroberts@fs.fed.us NR 39 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD AUG 16 PY 2010 VL 114 IS 8 BP 1710 EP 1717 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2010.03.001 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 612ZD UT WOS:000278943900008 ER PT J AU Joseph, R Reed, S Jayachandran, K Clark-Cuadrado, C Dunn, C AF Joseph, Ricardo Reed, Stewart Jayachandran, Krish Clark-Cuadrado, Cristina Dunn, Christopher TI Endosulfan has no adverse effect on soil respiration SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Endosulfan; Soil respiration; Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris); Soil bacteria; Soil fungi ID ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDE; BIODEGRADATION; DEGRADATION; PERSISTENCE; SULFATE; MICROORGANISMS; DETOXIFICATION; COTTON AB Endosulfan (6,7,8,9,10-hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin-3-oxide) is a chlorinated hydrocarbon used as a broad spectrum contact insect/acaricide. The continuous agricultural production of tomatoes, green beans, and squash make Miami-Dade County, Florida one of the heaviest users of this pesticide in the country. A field study was initiated at the USDA, Subtropical Horticulture Research Station in Miami, FL to examine the effects of endosulfan on soil respiration. Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and adjacent bare soil plots were treated either with or without endosulfan. Soil respiration was measured weekly as the difference between CO(2) in the ambient air and that generated within a 10-cm diameter, 1178-cm(3) chamber secured at the soil surface. Treatments were replicated four times and the study continued over three growing seasons. Respiration from bare soil was similar to that from plots planted with snap bean implying soil microbes were the dominant source of CO2 compared to root respiration. Endosulfan applications resulted in inconsistent increases in soil respiration. Increases were short-lived. By the end of the study more CO2 evolved from endosulfan treated than untreated plots. Soil was kept well irrigated and the percent moisture remained near maximum and varied little, soil moisture was not a controlling factor for soil respiration. Endosulfan had a short-lived inhibitory effect on soil fungi but bacteria increased in number in response to endosulfan application. Individual microbial colonies were not identified and it is possible that one or two bacterial species decomposed the endosulfan and rapidly multiplied causing the increased bacterial colony count. There were no adverse effects of endosulfan found on soil respiration. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Joseph, Ricardo; Reed, Stewart; Dunn, Christopher] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Jayachandran, Krish] Florida Int Univ, SE Environm Res Ctr, Honors Coll, Dept Environm Studies, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Clark-Cuadrado, Cristina] USDA NRCS W Chester Field Off, W Chester, PA 19380 USA. RP Reed, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, 13601 Old Cutler Rd, Miami, FL 33158 USA. EM Stewart.Reed@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 138 IS 3-4 BP 181 EP 188 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2010.04.017 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 641EL UT WOS:000281107500007 ER PT J AU Schutte, BJ Liu, JY Davis, AS Harrison, SK Regnier, EE AF Schutte, Brian J. Liu, Jianyang Davis, Adam S. Harrison, S. Kent Regnier, Emilie E. TI Environmental factors that influence the association of an earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris L.) and an annual weed (Ambrosia trifida L.) in no-till agricultural fields across the eastern US Corn Belt SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Secondary seed dispersal; Biotic seed burial; Weed seed ecology; Earthworm behavioral ecology; Seedling recruitment; Conditional mutualism ID GIANT RAGWEED; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; SOUTHERN SWEDEN; SEED; EMERGENCE; ABUNDANCE; SOIL; DISTRIBUTIONS; TEMPERATURE; PREDATION AB The earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris L, caches seeds of the agricultural weed Ambrosia trifida L in its burrow, providing seeds with a protected overwintering site. Seedlings subsequently emerge from the burrows, resulting in an association of the two species (hereafter "LtAt association"). Although populations of these species frequently co-exist in no-till agricultural fields in the eastern U.S. Corn Belt, an association is not always evident. To identify environmental influences on the LtAt association, 30 no-till agricultural fields were surveyed across the eastern U.S. Corn Belt during spring 2007, 2008 and 2009. The LtAt association occurred across states and soil types, but the strength of the association varied with climate differences during the previous September through March. The strongest environmental driver of LtAt association was frequency of "moderate rain day" (MRD; day that received 12.8-25.3 mm of precipitation), with a 1-day increase in MRD frequency increasing the odds of LtAt association by a factor of 1.42. Thus, the potential for L. terrestris to cache seeds and facilitate seedling recruitment is increased by precipitation frequency and amount during September through March. These results highlight the importance of climate variation within a region in driving trophic interactions that regulate weed population dynamics. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Schutte, Brian J.; Davis, Adam S.] USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Liu, Jianyang] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Harrison, S. Kent; Regnier, Emilie E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Schutte, BJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Global Change & Photosynth Res Unit, S-306 Turner Hall,1102 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM brian.schutte@ars.usda.gov FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2005-02261]; USDA; USDA Agricultural Research Service FX The authors would like to acknowledge and thank the farmers who provided both knowledge of local management practices and access to study site locations. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Rama Venkatesh for assistance with data collection. This work was supported in part by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, grant number 2005-02261; the USDA Sustainable Agriculture Special Grants program; and the USDA Agricultural Research Service. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing scientific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 62 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 138 IS 3-4 BP 197 EP 205 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2010.05.001 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 641EL UT WOS:000281107500009 ER PT J AU Skinner, RH Adler, PR AF Skinner, R. Howard Adler, Paul R. TI Carbon dioxide and water fluxes from switchgrass managed for bioenergy production SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Switchgrass; Gross primary productivity; Ecosystem respiration; Carbon sequestration; Evapotranspiration ID SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; CROPPING SYSTEMS; USE EFFICIENCY; SEMIARID GRASSLANDS; PANICUM-VIRGATUM; EDDY-CORRELATION; NITROGEN; EXCHANGE; BIOMASS AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L) is an important bioenergy crop with the potential to provide a reliable supply of renewable energy while also sequestering C in the soil. The purpose of this study was to quantify CO(2) fluxes during the establishment and early production years of a young switchgrass stand in the northeastern USA. Switchgrass was sown in June 2004 and daily CO(2) fluxes were measured for four years. Gross primary productivity (GPP) varied little among years, but ecosystem respiration (Re) decreased over time. The switchgrass generally began to take up CO(2) in mid-May and continued until early-October, and was a net sink during a 98-day period from late-May through early-September. The rest of the year experienced a net loss of CO(2) to the atmosphere. Harvested biomass increased each year and was not related to GPP. The switchgrass field was a net CO(2) sink for the first three years, but became a source the final year due to increased removal of C as harvested biomass. This study suggests that in addition to their primary function as a source of renewable energy, switchgrass bioenergy crops in the northeastern USA can sequester CO(2) for at least the first few years following establishment. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Skinner, R. Howard; Adler, Paul R.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Skinner, RH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, Bldg 3702,Curtin Rd, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM howard.skinner@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 6 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 138 IS 3-4 BP 257 EP 264 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2010.05.008 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 641EL UT WOS:000281107500016 ER PT J AU Lang, RP Langdon, CJ Taris, NG Camara, MD AF Lang, R. Paul Langdon, C. J. Taris, N. G. Camara, M. D. TI Use of laboratory assays to predict subsequent growth and survival of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) families planted in coastal waters SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE Survival; Growth; Crassostrea gigas; Gene expression; Real-time PCR; Heat shock ID PARASITE PERKINSUS-MARINUS; HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; SUMMER MORTALITY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; EASTERN OYSTER; INDUCED THERMOTOLERANCE; BIOMPHALARIA-GLABRATA; TEMPERATURE ELEVATION; TISSUE EXPRESSION; IMMUNE-RESPONSE AB Selective breeding programs for improving Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) stocks are expensive, labor-intensive, and typically rely on lengthy field trials in which selection for survival is compromised by inherent stochasticity of outbreaks of "summer mortality syndrome." Reliable laboratory assays that identify and eliminate poor-performing families prior to planting could improve selection efficiency. We tested the hypotheses that juvenile survival after heat shock and/or gene transcription before or after heat shock predicts adult weight and survival at harvest for full-sib families of the Pacific oyster. We heat-shocked (41 degrees C for 1 h) juveniles from each of 46 families, monitored their survival for 6 d and classified families with >69% survival as high-surviving and those with <31% survival as low-surviving. We also deployed replicated groups of unstressed siblings from all 46 families at one subtidal and one intertidal site in Yaquina Bay, Newport, OR for two years. At harvest, we estimated family-specific average survival (%) and average individual weight (g). We found no significant family-level correlations between juvenile survival after heat shock and subsequent survival or average individual weight at the subtidal site or the intertidal site (P>0.05). In a separate experiment, we heat-shocked (39 degrees C, 1 h) another 25 juveniles from four low-surviving and four high-surviving families from the same cohort, extracted mRNAs from whole bodies collected before and at 6 h and 24 h after heat shock, and measured the mRNA concentrations of 14 candidate ESTs relative to a housekeeping gene (elongation factor 1) using real-time quantitative PCR. The mRNA concentration of galectin was greater in low-surviving families before heat shock, whereas that of cystatin B at all sampling times and of glutathione S-transferase omega at 24 h after heat shock were greater in high-surviving families. The pre-stress differences in transcription between the family types suggest that survival of stress may be related to both constitutive differences in transcription between family types as well as induced responses to heat shock. The concentrations of heat shock protein 27, catalase, prostaglandin E receptor, gpox, and superoxide dismutase mRNA in juveniles were significantly correlated with adult survival, final individual weight or both. Additionally, mRNA concentrations of galectin and a gene with no match in Genbank, BQ426658, were correlated with average weight at either the intertidal or subtidal site. We conclude that assays measuring gene transcription in whole bodies of juveniles hold promise for predicting performance of C. gigas families planted in coastal waters. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lang, R. Paul; Langdon, C. J.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Taris, N. G.; Camara, M. D.] ARS, USDA, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Camara, MD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, 2030 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM Mark.Camara@ARS.USDA.gov FU NOAA [NA16RG1039]; Sea Grant [SAQ-08-NSI]; USDA-CSREES; USDA-ARS [5358-31000-001-00D] FX We thank A. Barton, D. Mosher, M. Reavis, and D. Stick, for assistance during animal husbandry and tissue collection. We thank P. Ott for assistance with statistical analysis. We thank the anonymous reviewers for critical evaluation of this manuscript. This research was supported by the Oyster Disease Research Program, NOAA agreement no. NA16RG1039, Sea Grant Project SAQ-08-NSI, the USDA-CSREES Special Project "The Molluscan Broodstock Program", and USDA-ARS funding to the Shellfish Genetics Program (CRIS Project #5358-31000-001-00D). Any use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 83 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 306 IS 1-4 BP 68 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2010.04.023 PG 12 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 636KZ UT WOS:000280735200009 ER PT J AU Luo, LF Ashworth, D Dungan, RS Xuan, RC Yates, SR AF Luo, Lifang Ashworth, Daniel Dungan, Robert S. Xuan, Richeng Yates, Scott R. TI Transport and Fate of Methyl Iodide and Its Pest Control in Soils SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BROMIDE EMISSIONS; COVERED FIELD; DEGRADATION; FUMIGANT; 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE; VOLATILIZATION; CHLOROPICRIN; EFFICACY; DRIP AB For fumigants, information on transport and fate as well as pest control is needed to develop management practices with the fewest negative environmental effects while offering sufficient pest control efficacy. For this purpose, a 2-D soil chamber with a surface-mounted flux chamber was designed to determine volatilization, real-time soil gas-phase concentration, degradation, and organism survivability after methyl iodide (Mel) fumigation Three types of pests were used to give a broad spectrum of pest control information. An infected sandy loam soil with a volumetric water content of 10 6% was packed carefully into the 2-D chamber to a bulk density of 1.34 g cm(-3). After Mel fumigation at a rate of 56.4 kg ha(-1) for 24 h, about 28.9% of Mel was emitted into air, 6 8% remained in the soil, and 43 6% degraded in the soil (based on the residual iodide concentration) The uncertainty in the measured Mel degradation using iodide concentration was thought to mainly contribute to the unrecovered Mel (about 20%) The citrus nematodes [Tylenchulus semipenetrans] were effectively eliminated even at low concentration-time (CT) values (< 30 mu g h mL(-1)), but all Fusarium oxysporum survived The response of barnyardgrass seeds [Echinochloa crus-galli] spatially varied with the CT values in the chamber. To fully control barnyardgrass seeds, CT of greater than 300 mu g h mL(-1) was required. Using this experimental approach, different fumigant emission reduction strategies can be tested, and mathematical models can be verified to determine which strategies produce the least emission to the atmosphere while maintaining sufficient pest control efficacy. C1 [Luo, Lifang; Ashworth, Daniel; Xuan, Richeng] US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Luo, Lifang; Xuan, Richeng] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Dungan, Robert S.] ARS, USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Luo, LF (reprint author), US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RI Ashworth, Daniel/A-9701-2008 NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 16 BP 6275 EP 6280 DI 10.1021/es1002814 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 636JD UT WOS:000280727400045 PM 20704226 ER PT J AU Duringer, JM Craig, AM Smith, DJ Chaney, RL AF Duringer, Jennifer M. Craig, A. Morrie Smith, David J. Chaney, Rufus L. TI Uptake and Transformation of Soil [C-14]-Trinitrotoluene by Cool-Season Grasses SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGHER-PLANTS; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE TNT; SMOOTH BROMEGRASS; CONTAMINATED SOIL; TALL FESCUE; EXPLOSIVES; FATE; PHYTOREMEDIATION; PHYTOTOXICITY; ABSORPTION AB This study investigated the fate and uptake of [C-14]-TNT from soil into orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerate), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) over a one year period in a greenhouse-controlled environment. Pots (n = 4 for each grass, containing 10 mg cold TNT/kg soil + 1.2 mg [C-14]-TNT/kg soil and controls with no TNT) were exposed to light and temperature conditions typical of June at 45 degrees N for 369 days Three plant harvests were made (63, 181, and 369 days), and soil and plant materials were monitored for [C-14]-TNT and metabolite concentrations The 11 2 mg/kg TNT dose was not phytotoxic to the plant species tested Continual uptake of TNT into grass blades was observed over the one-year period, with a total accumulation of 1.3%, 0.9%, and 0.8% of the initial soil [C-14]-TNT dose for orchard grass, perennial ryegrass, and tall fescue, respectively All [C-14]-TNT residue in plant material was incorporated as bound residue. At final harvest, radioactivity was concentrated most highly in the root > crown > blade for all species Soil TNT was gradually reduced to aminodinitro-toluenes and then further to an unidentified metabolite(s) Overall, orchardgrass appeared to be the most efficient species at taking up TNT. C1 [Duringer, Jennifer M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Craig, A. Morrie] Oregon State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Smith, David J.] USDA ARS, Anim Metab Agr Chem Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Chaney, Rufus L.] USDA Environm Management & By Prod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Duringer, JM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, 139 Oak Creek Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RI Duringer, Jennifer/B-5451-2009; Craig, A. Morrie/J-5857-2013 FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [50-1265-6-076] FX The authors wish to thank Amy Palmer for her assistance in the greenhouse and HPLC analyses, the Oregon State University Organic Growers Club for donation of soil, and Dr. Gary Banowetz of the USDA ARS for use of his greenhouse facility The technical assistance of J. Michael Giddings and Ms. Dee Ellig of the ARS Biosciences Research Laboratory in Fargo, ND, is also gratefully acknowledged Funding for this grant was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Project 50-1265-6-076 Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 16 BP 6325 EP 6330 DI 10.1021/es903671n PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 636JD UT WOS:000280727400052 PM 20666491 ER PT J AU Huang, WN Li, LL Wang, F Wan, JJ Tilley, M Ren, CZ Wu, SQ AF Huang, Weining Li, Lingling Wang, Feng Wan, Jingjing Tilley, Michael Ren, Changzhong Wu, Songqing TI Effects of transglutaminase on the rheological and Mixolab thermomechanical characteristics of oat dough SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Oat; Transglutaminase; Thermomechanical properties; Rheology ID WHEAT-FLOUR DOUGHS; MICROBIAL TRANSGLUTAMINASE; THERMAL-PROPERTIES; BAKING PROPERTIES; FROZEN DOUGH; GLOBULIN; PROTEINS; MICROSTRUCTURE; BREAD; SOY AB The effects of added transglutaminase (TG) on the rheological and thermal properties of oat dough were evaluated. Mixolab, rheometer, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to analyse the oat dough for changes in thermomechanical, theological, and thermal properties. TG had distinct effects on dough water absorption, modified viscoelastic behaviour, and enhanced thermal stability. The dough also exhibited a decrease in the number of free amino groups after TG treatment, confirming protein cross-linking catalysed by TG. Electrophoresis of TG-treated oat protein fractions using SDS-PAGE, which was also used to analyse the effects of TG on the protein fractions of oat flour; it showed that both globulin and avenin were good substrates for TG. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Huang, Weining; Li, Lingling; Wang, Feng; Wan, Jingjing; Ren, Changzhong] Jiangnan Univ, Int Exchange & Cooperat Program, Sch Food Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Tilley, Michael] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Wu, Songqing] Fujian PANPAN Food Grp Co Ltd, Jinjiang 362261, Fujian, Peoples R China. RP Huang, WN (reprint author), Jiangnan Univ, Int Exchange & Cooperat Program, Sch Food Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM wnhuang@jiangnan.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [20576046, 3077005]; Ministry of Agriculture of China [nycytx-14] FX We are grateful for the partial financial support of the research from Grants (20576046 and 3077005) from the National Natural Science Foundation of China. The research was also partially supported by earmarked funding for the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System (No. nycytx-14) from the Ministry of Agriculture of China. NR 32 TC 38 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 121 IS 4 BP 934 EP 939 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.01.008 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 588XE UT WOS:000277107100003 ER PT J AU Du, XF Kurnianta, A McDaniel, M Finn, CE Qian, MC AF Du, X. F. Kurnianta, A. McDaniel, M. Finn, C. E. Qian, M. C. TI Flavour profiling of 'Marion' and thornless blackberries by instrumental and sensory analysis SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Marion; Thornless blackberry; Volatile; Stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE); Microvial insert thermal desorption; Descriptive sensory analysis ID RUBUS SPP. HYB; TRAILING BLACKBERRY; ESSENCE AB The flavour of thornless blackberries grown in Pacific Northwest including 'Thornless Evergreen', 'Black Diamond', 'Black Pearl', 'Nightfall', ORUS 1843-3, 'Waldo', NZ 9351-4, and 'Chester Thornless' as well as 'Marion' was profiled by sensory evaluation and instrumental analysis. Sensory results showed that 'Marion' and 'Waldo' had the lowest sweetness score, while NZ 9351-4 and 'Thornless Evergreen' had the highest sweetness scores. 'Nightfall' and ORUS 1843-3 had significantly lower sourness, while 'Black Diamond' and 'Waldo' had significantly higher sourness. The taste data only partly matched with the objective degrees Brix and titratable acidity data. Descriptive aroma analysis indicated that 'Black Diamond', 'Black Pearl', ORUS 1843-3, and NZ 9351-4 were similar to 'Marion' in terms of fresh fruit, strawberry, floral, and raspberry aroma, while 'Thornless Evergreen', 'Chester Thornless', 'Nightfall', and 'Waldo' had more vegetal, woody, mouldy, and cooked fruit character. Instrumental analysis and calculated odour activity values (OAVs) indicated that furaneol, linalool, beta-ionone, 2-heptanol, and carvone could be the major aroma contributing compounds in these blackberries. Generalised Procrusters analysis (GPA) indicated the chemical analysis matched with descriptive sensory analysis. Odour-active compounds of furaneol, linalool, geraniol, ethyl hexanaote, trans-2-hexenol, and beta-ionone in 'Marion', 'Black Diamond', 'Black Pearl', ORUS 1843-3, and NZ 9351-4 could account for their similarity in fresh fruity, floral, strawberry, and raspberry aroma; while 1-octen-3-ol, myrtenol, eugenol, and alpha-terpineol in 'Thornless Evergreen', 'Chester Thornless', 'Nightfall', and 'Waldo' could account for their vegetal, woody, mouldy, and cooked fruit flavour. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Du, X. F.; Kurnianta, A.; McDaniel, M.; Qian, M. C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Finn, C. E.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Qian, MC (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM michael.qian@oregonstate.edu NR 18 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 6 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 121 IS 4 BP 1080 EP 1088 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.01.053 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 588XE UT WOS:000277107100024 ER PT J AU Wall, MM AF Wall, Marisa M. TI Functional lipid characteristics, oxidative stability, and antioxidant activity of macadamia nut (Macadamia integrifolia) cultivars SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Macadamia; Phytochemicals; Antioxidant activity; Oxidation; Tocopherols; Tocotrienols; Squalene ID FATTY-ACID PROFILE; TOCOPHEROL CONTENT; NEW-ZEALAND; OILS; TOCOTRIENOLS; PHYTOSTEROL; SQUALENE; CHOLESTEROL; HAZELNUTS; CAPACITY AB Phytochemical compounds (tocopherols, tocotrienols, and squalene) were measured in seven macadamia cultivars harvested from four locations on Hawaii island to establish whether these compounds enhance the oxidative stability of roasted kernels. Cultivars that had the greatest oxidative stability also had high total lipid-soluble antioxidant capacity. Tocopherols [delta (delta), gamma (gamma), alpha (alpha)] were not detected in most macadamia nut samples, but macadamia kernels contained significant amounts of tocotrienols (31-92 mu g/g oil) and squalene (72-171 mu g/g oil) for all cultivars tested. This is the first report of variation for three tocotrienol homologs (delta-, gamma-, alpha-T3) and total antioxidant capacity in macadamia nut cultivars. No statistical correlations were found between oxidative stability and tocopherol, tocotrienol, and squalene concentrations. However, two cultivars (HAES 294 and HAES 835) were identified with superior oxidative stability, suggesting that the kernel quality of these cultivars is more stable during storage. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Wall, MM (reprint author), ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, USDA, POB 4459, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM marisa.wall@ars.usda.gov FU Hawaii Department of Agriculture FX The author thanks the Hawaii Department of Agriculture for partial funding of this research, Alan Yamaguchi and Mike Nagao for supplying orchard access and nuts for this study, and Suzanne Sanxter, Sandra Silva, and Karen Wessel for excellent technical assistance. NR 37 TC 15 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 121 IS 4 BP 1103 EP 1108 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.01.057 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 588XE UT WOS:000277107100027 ER PT J AU Andarwulan, N Batari, R Sandrasari, DA Bolling, B Wijaya, N AF Andarwulan, Nuri Batari, Ratna Sandrasari, Diny Agustini Bolling, Bradley Wijaya, Nanny TI Flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of vegetables from Indonesia SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Antioxidant; Cosmos caudatus HBK; Flavonoid; Phenolic; Pluchea indica Less.; Vegetables ID MEDICINAL-PLANTS; CANCER; FRUITS AB Extracts from 11 vegetables of Indonesian origin were screened for flavonoid content, total phenolics, and antioxidant activity. The flavonols myricetin, quercetin, and kaempferol and flavones luteolin and apigenin were quantified by HPLC. Flavonoid content in mg/100 g fresh weight (fw) was apparently initially reported for Cosmos caudatus H.B.K. (52.19), Polyscias pinnata (52.19), Pluchea indica Less. (6.39), Nothopanax scutellarius (Burm.f.) Merr (5.43), Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd. (3.93), Pilea melastomoides (Poir.) BI. (2.27), and Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M.Sm (1.18). The flavonoid content of the vegetables studied were mainly quercetin and kaempferol and ranged from 0.3 to 143 mg/100 g fw, with the highest level found in Sauropus androgynus (L) Merr. C caudatus H.B.K. had the greatest total phenols among the vegetables analysed, with 1.52 mg GAE/100 g fw. P. indica Less. and C. caudatus H.B.K. had the highest antioxidant activity as measured by ferric cyanide reducing power, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) scavenging, and inhibition of linoleic acid oxidation. Therefore, S. androgynus (L) Merr, C caudatus H.B.K., and P. pinnata were identified as potentially rich sources of dietary flavonoids and antioxidants. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Andarwulan, Nuri] Bogor Agr Univ, SE Asian Food & Agr Sci & Technol Ctr, Bogor, Indonesia. [Andarwulan, Nuri; Batari, Ratna; Sandrasari, Diny Agustini; Wijaya, Nanny] Bogor Agr Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Bogor, Indonesia. [Bolling, Bradley] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Antioxidants Res Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Andarwulan, N (reprint author), Bogor Agr Univ, SE Asian Food & Agr Sci & Technol Ctr, Jl Puspa 1,Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor, Indonesia. EM nuri@seafast.org; bradley.bolling@tufts.edu OI Bolling, Bradley/0000-0002-4222-2467 FU Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center; National Institute of General Medical Sciences [K12GM074869]; US-INDO society FX This work was supported by the Southeast Asian Food and Agricultural Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center. Dr. Bolling was supported by award K12GM074869 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences and by the US-INDO society. The authors are grateful for the work of Desty Gitapratiwi for assistance in manuscript preparation. The contents of this publication is solely the responsibility of the authors do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the NIGMS, NIH, or USDA nor does mention of trade names, commercial products or organizations imply endorsement by the US government. NR 28 TC 56 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 121 IS 4 BP 1231 EP 1235 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.01.033 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 588XE UT WOS:000277107100043 ER PT J AU Hollis, JJ Matthews, S Ottmar, RD Prichard, SJ Slijepcevic, A Burrows, ND Ward, B Tolhurst, KG Anderson, WR Gould, JS AF Hollis, J. J. Matthews, S. Ottmar, R. D. Prichard, S. J. Slijepcevic, A. Burrows, N. D. Ward, B. Tolhurst, K. G. Anderson, W. R. Gould, J. S. TI Testing woody fuel consumption models for application in Australian southern eucalypt forest fires SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Woody fuel consumption; CONSUME; BURNUP; Model assessment; Eucalypt forest fire; Coarse woody debris ID LINE INTERSECT METHOD; BURNOUT MODEL; CLASSIFICATION; CALIBRATION; DYNAMICS; SLASH; RATES AB Five models for the consumption of coarse woody debris or woody fuels with a diameter larger than 0.6 cm were assessed for application in Australian southern eucalypt forest fires including: CONSUME models for (1) activity fuels, (2) natural western woody and (3) natural southern woody fuels, (4) the BURNUP model and (5) the recommendation by the Australian National Carbon Accounting System which assumes 50% woody fuel consumption. These models were assessed using field data collected as part of the woody fuel consumption project (WFCP) in south-west Western Australia and northern-central Victoria. Three additional datasets were also sourced to increase variability in forest type, fuel complex and fire characteristics. These datasets comprised data from south-west Western Australia collected as part of Project Aquarius, the Warra Long Term Ecological Research site in Tasmania and Tumbarumba in south-eastern New South Wales. Combined the dataset represents a range of fire behaviour characteristic of prescribed burning conditions with a maximum fireline intensity of almost 4000 kW m(-1). Woody fuel consumption was found to be highly variable between sites ranging from 9.1% to 89.9%. Relationships between woody fuel consumption and the primary model drivers were weak (maximum R-2 = 0.097). Model evaluation statistics were best for the National Carbon Accounting Systems assumption of 50% with a mean absolute error of 11.1% fuel consumption and minimal bias (0.12). Nonetheless, this assumption does not capture large deviations where woody fuel consumption has been particularly high or low. The BURNUP model yielded the largest level of error when used with natural fuels however its predictive capacity improved when used with large modified fuel loads resulting from clearcut operations. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Hollis, J. J.; Anderson, W. R.] Univ New S Wales, Australian Def Force Acad, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia. [Hollis, J. J.; Matthews, S.; Gould, J. S.] CSIRO Sustainable Ecosyst, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Hollis, J. J.; Matthews, S.; Gould, J. S.] CSIRO Climate Adaptat Flagship Bushfire Dynam & A, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Hollis, J. J.; Matthews, S.; Tolhurst, K. G.; Gould, J. S.] Bushfire Cooperat Res Ctr, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia. [Ottmar, R. D.; Prichard, S. J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Slijepcevic, A.; Tolhurst, K. G.] Dept Sustainabil & Environm, Melbourne, Vic 3002, Australia. [Burrows, N. D.; Ward, B.] Dept Environm & Conservat, Bentley, WA 6983, Australia. [Tolhurst, K. G.] Univ Melbourne Creswick, Dept Forest & Ecosyst Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3363, Australia. [Matthews, S.] Univ Sydney, Fac Agr Food & Nat Resources, Eveleigh, NSW 2015, Australia. RP Hollis, JJ (reprint author), CSIRO Sustainable Ecosyst Bushfire Dynam & Applic, GPO Box 284, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM Jennifer.Hollis@csiro.au RI Hollis, Jennifer/A-8638-2011; Gould, James/D-3582-2011 FU Bushfire Cooperative Research Centre; Department of Environment and Conservation, Western Australia (DEC); Department of Sustainability an Environment, Victoria (DSE); CSIRO FX Many thanks to the Bushfire Cooperative Research Centre, the Department of Environment and Conservation, Western Australia (DEC), the Department of Sustainability an Environment, Victoria (DSE) and the CSIRO Sustainable Ecosystems Bushfire Dynamics and Applications team who have supported and financially contributed to the Woody Fuel Consumption Project. Without the help of researchers, technical staff and fire crews, this work would not have been possible. Many thanks also to Phil Cheney and the staff at DEC for their support, contributions and data collected during Project Aquarius and to Jon Marsden-Smedley, the Tasmanian Fire Research Fund and Forestry Tasmania for sharing data from the Warra LTER site. We also thank Mark Finney for his support and assistance with the Burnup model code and Miguel Cruz for his comments on drafts of this paper. NR 78 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 260 IS 6 BP 948 EP 964 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.06.007 PG 17 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 647MY UT WOS:000281623800002 ER PT J AU Ford, WM Rodrigue, JL Rowan, EL Castleberry, SB Schuler, TM AF Ford, W. Mark Rodrigue, Jane L. Rowan, Ella L. Castleberry, Steven B. Schuler, Thomas M. TI Woodland salamander response to two prescribed fires in the central Appalachians SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Central Appalachians; Plethodontidae; Prescribed fire; Woodland salamander ID RED-BACKED SALAMANDERS; TERRESTRIAL SALAMANDERS; PLETHODON-CINEREUS; SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS; HARDWOOD FORESTS; FUEL REDUCTION; UNITED-STATES; SMALL MAMMALS; CANOPY GAPS; AMPHIBIANS AB Using coverboard arrays, we monitored woodland salamanders on the Fernow Experimental Forest in the central Appalachian Mountains, West Virginia, USA prior to and following two prescribed fires in mixed oak (Quercus spp.) forest stands. Treatments were burn plots on upper slopes or lower slopes fenced to prevent white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) herbivory or control plots that were unfenced and unburned. Most of the 7 species we observed were the mountain dusky salamander (Desmognathus ocropheaus), red-backed salamander (Plethodon cinereus) and slimy salamander (Plethodon glutinosis). Significant population responses were difficult to interpret with numerous treatment and year interactions. Results largely were equivocal. We found no change in woodland salamander assemblage prior to burning or afterwards. There were few differences in adult to juvenile ratios of salamanders among treatments. Still, a priori contrasts of mountain dusky salamanders and red-backed salamander counts corrected for detection probability were greater under coverboards in the 2 years monitored after both prescribed fires had occurred than before burning or in unburned controls. This suggests that these species responded to the reduced leaf litter on the forest floor by utilizing coverboards more. Similarly, the three predominate species of salamanders also were more numerous under coverboards in plots subjected to deer herbivory with less subsequent forest floor vegetation as compared to those burned plots that were fenced. Our observations would suggest that woodland salamanders somewhat are tolerant of two prescribed fires within close temporal proximity. However, because woodland salamanders can be significantly reduced following timber harvest, continued research is needed to fully understand impacts of fire as a pre-harvest management tool in central Appalachian forests. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ford, W. Mark] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Rodrigue, Jane L.; Schuler, Thomas M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. [Rowan, Ella L.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Spokane Valley, WA 99126 USA. [Castleberry, Steven B.] Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Ford, WM (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM mfordfs@yahoo.com FU West Virginia Division Natural Resource Scientific Collecting Permits; University of Georgia Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee [A2002-10016-0] FX We thank R. Hovatter, P. Myers and R. Rozier for assistance in study installation and J. Stanovick for assistance with statistical design and analysis. Prescribed burning was conducted by personnel from the U.S. Forest Service Northern Research Station and Monongahela National Forest and the West Virginia Division of Forestry. All animals were handled under the auspices of West Virginia Division Natural Resource Scientific Collecting Permits and the University of Georgia Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (approval number A2002-10016-0). NR 62 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 10 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 260 IS 6 BP 1003 EP 1009 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.06.022 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 647MY UT WOS:000281623800007 ER PT J AU Witt, C AF Witt, Chris TI Characteristics of aspen infected with heartrot: Implications for cavity-nesting birds SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Aspen; Cavity-nesting birds; FIA; Heartrot; Interior West; Phellinus tremulae; Populus tremuloides ID YELLOW-BELLIED SAPSUCKERS; FOREST INVENTORY DATA; HABITAT SUITABILITY; FLYING SQUIRRELS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; SELECTION; SITES; WILLIAMSONS; MANAGEMENT; CANADA AB Phellinus tremulae is an important fungal decay agent common to aspen and a critical component to the cavity-nesting bird complex found in western aspen stands. Little information exists on the conditions that facilitate infection and spread of P. tremulae in aspen forests. I used Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data to explore the relationships of several tree and stand characteristics to the presence and frequency of P. tremulae in aspen measured across several western states of the United States. Results suggest a strong relationship between tree age, tree diameter, and compacted crown ratio with infection frequency in trees while stand purity, canopy cover and stand age had a positive relationship with the occurrence of P. tremulae in forest stands containing aspen. Logistic regression modeling identified stand age as the only variable that increased the odds of predicting infection at the stand-level while all tree-level variables were included in the tree model. Data also show that infection rates in the study area were lower than in other parts of aspen's range, and that average size of infected trees was smaller in the study area than those reported elsewhere. These results have important implications to management of aspen for wildlife, especially for birds that use decayed aspen for nesting. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USFS Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. RP Witt, C (reprint author), USFS Rocky Mt Res Stn, 507 25th St, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. EM chriswitt@fs.fed.us NR 49 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 260 IS 6 BP 1010 EP 1016 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.06.024 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 647MY UT WOS:000281623800008 ER PT J AU Vaclavik, T Kanaskie, A Hansen, EM Ohmann, JL Meentemeyer, RK AF Vaclavik, Tomas Kanaskie, Alan Hansen, Everett M. Ohmann, Janet L. Meentemeyer, Ross K. TI Predicting potential and actual distribution of sudden oak death in Oregon: Prioritizing landscape contexts for early detection and eradication of disease outbreaks SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Early detection; Invasive species; Landscape epidemiology; Maxent; Multi-criteria evaluation; Oregon; Phytophthora ramorum; Species distribution model ID NEAREST-NEIGHBOR IMPUTATION; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; ALIEN PLANT INVASIONS; PHYTOPHTHORA-RAMORUM; FOREST DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTIONS; GLOBAL CONSEQUENCES; THRESHOLD CRITERIA; COASTAL OREGON AB An isolated outbreak of the emerging forest disease sudden oak death was discovered in Oregon forests in 2001. Despite considerable control efforts, disease continues to spread from the introduction site due to slow and incomplete detection and eradication. Annual field surveys and laboratory tests between 2001 and 2009 confirmed a total of 802 infested locations. Here, we apply two invasive species distribution models (iSDMs) of sudden oak death establishment and spread risk to target early detection and control further disease spread in Oregon forests. The goal was to develop (1) a model of potential distribution that estimates the level and spatial variability of disease establishment and spread risk for western Oregon, and (2) a model of actual distribution that quantifies the relative likelihood of current invasion in the quarantine area. Our predictions were based on four groups of primary parameters that vary in space and time: climate conditions, topographical factors, abundance and susceptibility of host vegetation, and dispersal pressure. First, we used multi-criteria evaluation to identify large-scale areas at potential risk of infection. We mapped and ranked host abundance and susceptibility using geospatial vegetation data developed with gradient nearest neighbor imputation. The host vegetation and climate variables were parameterized in accordance to their epidemiological importance and the final appraisal scores were summarized by month to represent a cumulative spread risk index, standardized as five categories from very low to very high risk. Second, using the field data for calibration we applied the machine-learning method, maximum entropy, to predict the actual distribution of the sudden oak death epidemic. The dispersal pressure incorporated in the statistical model estimates the force of invasion at all susceptible locations, allowing us to quantify the relative likelihood of current disease incidence rather than its potential distribution. Our predictions show that 65 km(2) of forested land was invaded by 2009, but further disease spread threatens more than 2100 km2 of forests across the western region of Oregon (very high and high risk). Areas at greatest risk of disease spread are concentrated in the southwest region of Oregon where the highest densities of susceptible host species exist. This research identifies high priority locations for early detection and invasion control and illustrates how iSDMs can be used to analyze the actual versus potential distribution of emerging infectious disease in a complex, heterogeneous ecosystem. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Vaclavik, Tomas; Meentemeyer, Ross K.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog & Earth Sci, Ctr Appl GISci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. [Kanaskie, Alan] Oregon Dept Forestry, Salem, OR 97310 USA. [Hansen, Everett M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Ohmann, Janet L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Vaclavik, T (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog & Earth Sci, Ctr Appl GISci, 9201 Univ City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. EM tvaclavi@uncc.edu RI Vaclavik, Tomas/B-4668-2013; OI Vaclavik, Tomas/0000-0002-1113-6320 FU USDA Forest Service-Pacific Southwest Research Station [08-JV-11272138-055] FX We thank the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) of the Pacific Northwest Research Station and the Ecology program of the Pacific Northwest Region, USDA Forest Service, for field plot data used in host species modeling. We also thank members of the Center for Applied GIScience at UNC Charlotte for their helpful comments on the manuscript. This research was supported by grant from USDA Forest Service-Pacific Southwest Research Station (08-JV-11272138-055). NR 76 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 9 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 260 IS 6 BP 1026 EP 1035 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.06.026 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 647MY UT WOS:000281623800010 ER PT J AU Woodall, CW Monleon, VJ AF Woodall, Christopher W. Monleon, Vicente J. TI Estimating the quadratic mean diameters of fine woody debris in forests of the United States SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Fine woody debris; Quadratic mean diameter; Forest inventory; Carbon; Fuels ID LINE INTERSECT METHOD; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; CARBON STOCKS; FUELS; DEAD AB Most fine woody debris (FWD) line-intersect sampling protocols and associated estimators require an approximation of the quadratic mean diameter (QMD) of each individual FWD size class. There is a lack of empirically derived QMDs by FWD size class and species/forest type across the U.S. The objective of this study is to evaluate a technique known as the graphical estimation (GE) method for estimating FWD QMDs across forests of the U.S. Results indicate tremendous inter- and intra-specific variation in small FWD diameters. In addition, GE model fitting results demonstrated a lack of substantial difference in FWD QMDs between common forest types. It is postulated that the mixing, fracturing, and decay of both tree and shrub downed woody debris in diverse forest types across the U.S. can homogenate FWD QMDs at state/national levels. In the absence of site-specific empirical measurement of FWD QMDs, it is suggested that a general national set of FWD QMDs derived from the GE method be adopted for large-scale FWD monitoring efforts. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Woodall, Christopher W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Monleon, Vicente J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Woodall, CW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM cwoodall@fs.fed.us RI Woodall, Christopher/D-7757-2012; OI Woodall, Christopher/0000-0001-8076-6214 NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 260 IS 6 BP 1088 EP 1093 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.06.036 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 647MY UT WOS:000281623800017 ER PT J AU Campbell, JL Ollinger, SV Flerchinger, GN Wicklein, H Hayhoe, K Bailey, AS AF Campbell, John L. Ollinger, Scott V. Flerchinger, Gerald N. Wicklein, Haley Hayhoe, Katharine Bailey, Amey S. TI Past and projected future changes in snowpack and soil frost at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, USA SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE air temperature; climate change; general circulation model; precipitation; snow; soil frost ID NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST; FREEZE-THAW CYCLES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SHAW MODEL; FROZEN SOIL; DEPTH; WATER; SNOWMELT; TEMPERATURE; DYNAMICS AB Long-term data from the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest in New Hampshire show that air temperature has increased by about 1 C over the last half century. The warmer climate has caused significant declines in snow depth, snow water equivalent and snow cover duration. Paradoxically, it has been suggested that warmer air temperatures may result in colder soils and more soil frost, as warming leads to a reduction in snow cover insulating soils during winter. Hubbard Brook has one of the longest records of direct field measurements of soil frost in the United States. Historical records show no long-term trends in maximum annual frost depth, which is possibly confounded by high interannual variability and infrequency of major soil frost events. As a complement to field measurements, soil frost can be modelled reliably using knowledge of the physics of energy and water transfer. We simulated soil freezing and thawing to the year 2100 using a soil energy and water balance model driven by statistically downscaled climate change projections from three atmosphere-ocean general circulation models under two emission scenarios. Results indicated no major changes in maximum annual frost depth and only a slight increase in number of freeze-thaw events. The most important change suggested by the model is a decline in the number of days with soil frost, stemming from a concurrent decline in the number of snow-covered days. This shortening of the frost-covered period has important implications for forest ecosystem processes such as tree phenology and growth, hydrological flowpaths during winter, and biogeochemical processes in soil. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Campbell, John L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Ollinger, Scott V.; Wicklein, Haley] Univ New Hampshire, Complex Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Flerchinger, Gerald N.] USDA ARS, NW Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Hayhoe, Katharine] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Geosci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Bailey, Amey S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, N Woodstock, NH 03262 USA. RP Campbell, JL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM jlcampbell@fs.fed.us RI Ollinger, Scott/N-3380-2014; OI Ollinger, Scott/0000-0001-6226-1431; Campbell, John/0000-0003-4956-1696 FU USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Newtown Square, PA; National Science Foundation FX The authors would like to thank Bob Smith for helping in compiling the data. Doug Burns, Sheila Christopher and two anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. Funding for this work was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Newtown Square, PA. This manuscript is a contribution of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study. Hubbard Brook is part of the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) network, which is supported by the National Science Foundation. The Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service. NR 79 TC 47 Z9 54 U1 4 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 24 IS 17 BP 2465 EP 2480 DI 10.1002/hyp.7666 PG 16 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 628SO UT WOS:000280142200010 ER PT J AU Wu, B Wang, CM Dong, GY Guo, YH Nolte, DL Deliberto, TJ Xu, JG Duan, MX He, HX AF Wu, Bin Wang, Chengmin Dong, Guoying Guo, Yunhai Nolte, Dale Louis Deliberto, Thomas Jude Xu, Jianguo Duan, Mingxing He, Hongxuan TI New Evidence Suggests Southern China as a Common Source of Multiple Clusters of Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID A H5N1; INFECTION; EVOLUTION; ORIGIN AB Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza is considered an avian disease, although there is some evidence of limited human-to-human transmission of the virus. A global effort is underway to control or eradicate the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus in poultry and prevent human exposure, both of which may also reduce the risk of pandemic emergence. Hemagglutinin gene sequences from 215 human H5N1 influenza viruses were used to trace the source and dispersal pattern of human H5N1 influenza viruses on a global scale. A mutation network and phylogenetic analyses of the hemagglutinin gene show that human H5N1 influenza viruses can be clearly divided among 4 clusters across geographic space. On the basis of analysis of the N-glycosylation sites at positions 100 and 170 in the hemagglutinin protein, human H5N1 influenza viruses were also divided into 3 types. When we combined these analyses with geographic information system data analyses, we found that Southern China is often a common source of multiple clusters of H5N1 influenza viruses and that each cluster has different dispersal patterns and individual evolutionary features. In summary, the genetic evidence presented here provides clear evidence for multiple clusters of human H5N1 influenza viruses that initially originated in Southern China. C1 [Wu, Bin; Wang, Chengmin; Dong, Guoying; Guo, Yunhai; He, Hongxuan] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol, Natl Res Ctr Wildlife Borne Dis, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Duan, Mingxing] Tsinghua Univ, Sch Life Sci, State Key Lab Biomembrane & Membrane Biotechnol, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Xu, Jianguo] Jilin Univ, Hosp 1, Dept Resp, Changchun 130023, Peoples R China. [Nolte, Dale Louis; Deliberto, Thomas Jude] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP He, HX (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, Key Lab Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol, Natl Res Ctr Wildlife Borne Dis, 1-5 Beichen W Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM hehx@ioz.ac.cn FU National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China [9732007BC109103]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [KSCX2-YW-N-063]; United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Wildlife Services; Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Zoology [0760621234]; National Science and Technology Ministry [2009BAI83B01] FX National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China (grant 9732007BC109103); Chinese Academy of Sciences Innovation Program (grant KSCX2-YW-N-063); United States Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Wildlife Services and Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Zoology (joint project 0760621234); National Science and Technology Ministry (ID 2009BAI83B01). NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 202 IS 3 BP 452 EP 458 DI 10.1086/653709 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 619QI UT WOS:000279444300016 PM 20575658 ER PT J AU Asztalos, BF Mujawar, Z Morrow, MP Grant, A Pushkarsky, T Wanke, C Shannon, R Geyer, M Kirchhoff, F Sviridov, D Fitzgerald, ML Bukrinsky, M Mansfield, KG AF Asztalos, Bela F. Mujawar, Zahedi Morrow, Matthew P. Grant, Angela Pushkarsky, Tatiana Wanke, Christine Shannon, Richard Geyer, Matthias Kirchhoff, Frank Sviridov, Dmitri Fitzgerald, Michael L. Bukrinsky, Michael Mansfield, Keith G. TI Circulating Nef Induces Dyslipidemia in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Macaques by Suppressing Cholesterol Efflux SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CASSETTE TRANSPORTER A1; CELL-SURFACE EXPRESSION; DIETARY-FAT SATURATION; CD4 DOWN-REGULATION; HIV-INFECTION; HDL SUBPOPULATIONS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; PROTEASE INHIBITORS; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK AB Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and subsequent antiretroviral therapy have been associated with an increased incidence of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease and has been shown to suppress cholesterol efflux from virus-infected macrophages by inducing Nef-dependent down-regulation of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1). Here, the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaque model was used to examine the consequences and mechanisms involved. SIV infection drove a significant remodeling of high-density lipoprotein profiles, suggesting that systemic inhibition of the ABCA1-dependent reverse cholesterol transport pathway occurred. The ABCA1 cholesterol transporter was significantly down-regulated in the livers of the SIV-infected macaques, and the viral protein Nef could be detected in the livers as well as in the plasma of infected animals. Extracellular myristoylated HIV Nef inhibited cholesterol efflux from macrophages and hepatocytes. Moreover, serum samples from SIV-infected macaques also suppressed cholesterol efflux in a Nef-dependent fashion. These results indicate that SIV infection is a significant contributor to primary dyslipidemia, likely through the ability of Nef to suppress ABCA1-dependent reverse cholesterol transport. C1 [Morrow, Matthew P.; Grant, Angela; Pushkarsky, Tatiana; Bukrinsky, Michael] George Washington Univ, Dept Microbiol & Trop Med, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Shannon, Richard] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Geyer, Matthias] Max Planck Inst Mol Physiol, D-44139 Dortmund, Germany. [Kirchhoff, Frank] Univ Ulm, Inst Virol, Ulm, Germany. [Sviridov, Dmitri] Baker IDI Heart & Diabet Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Asztalos, Bela F.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Wanke, Christine] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Family Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Mujawar, Zahedi; Fitzgerald, Michael L.] Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Lipid Metab Unit,Ctr Computat & Integrat Biol, Boston, MA USA. [Mansfield, Keith G.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, New England Primate Res Ctr, Southborough, MA 01772 USA. RP Bukrinsky, M (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Dept Microbiol & Trop Med, 2300 Eye St NW, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM mtmmib@gwumc.edu; keith_mansfield@hms.harvard.edu RI Sviridov, Dmitri/E-7943-2010; Bukrinsky, Jens/D-7151-2013 OI Bukrinsky, Jens/0000-0002-4993-6366 FU American Heart Association; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; National Institutes of Health [RR00168, HL075836, DK55510, HL074136, HL093818]; National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia [526615, 317810]; US Department of Agriculture [53-3K06-5-10] FX Financial support: This work was supported by the American Heart Association (grant to M.B.), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant to F.K.), the National Institutes of Health (grants RR00168, HL075836, and DK55510 to K.G.M. and R.S., grant HL074136 to M.L.F., and grant HL093818 to D.S. and M.B.), the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (grant 526615 to D.S. and M.B. and grant 317810 to D.S.), and the US Department of Agriculture (contract 53-3K06-5-10 to B.F.A.). Z.M. was supported by predoctoral and postdoctoral fellowships from the American Heart Association. NR 50 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 202 IS 4 BP 614 EP 623 DI 10.1086/654817 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 625HR UT WOS:000279886600014 PM 20617930 ER PT J AU Momany, FA Willett, JL Schnupf, U AF Momany, Frank A. Willett, J. L. Schnupf, Udo TI DFT molecular dynamics (DFTMD) simulations of carbohydrates: COSMO solvated alpha-maltose SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE-THEOCHEM LA English DT Article DE Dynamics; B3LYP/6-31+G*; DFTMD; COSMO Maltose ID BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; GEOMETRY-OPTIMIZATION; WATER; HYDRATION; GLUCOSE; NMR; B3LYP/6-311++G-ASTERISK-ASTERISK; CONFORMATIONS; DISACCHARIDES AB Density functional molecular dynamics (DFTMD) is carried out on low-energy conformations of a-maltose. Finite temperature molecular dynamics trajectories are generated with forces obtained from B3LYP/6-31+G* electronic structure calculations. The implicit solvent method COSMO is applied to simulate the solution environment. Each simulation is carried out for similar to 5 ps, starting from low-energy optimized geometries, including different hydroxymethyl rotamers and hydroxyl clockwise, 'c' and counterclock-wise, 'r', orientations. The gg'-gg-r solvated form is of lowest relative energy by similar to 0.6 kcal/mol relative to the solvated gg'-gg-c form, the latter conformation tending to converge to the 'r' form during dynamics. Conformational transitions and conformers residing as 'kink' forms were observed during vacuum runs. In one case, the syn gg'-gg-r + COSMO conformer moved during dynamics into a 'kink' conformation, remaining there for most of the 5 Ps simulation. However, when this same conformer was started from a minimum energy gg'-gg-c form, it rapidly reverted into the normal syn conformation in which the H1'center dot center dot center dot H4 hydrogen atoms across the glycosidic bond were similar to 2.15 angstrom on average. Other solvated structures showed a perfunctory preference for the 'kink' conformation during dynamics, even though in previous optimization studies the 'kink' conformations were of higher energy than the syn conformers. Similarly, 'band-flip' conformational studies showed that the 'c' and 'r' forms differed, 'c' undergoing transitions to the syn form, the 'r' form staying in the band-flip conformation over the 5 ps simulation. The trend for the conformers to be more stable than the 'c' conformers when fully solvated, appears to confirm optimization studies, although transitions to stable partial 'c' forms produces some confusing conformational effects. For example, in one case a hydroxymethyl O6-H center dot center dot center dot O6 ' hydrogen bond locked into a glycosidic 'kink' structure, allowing the O3-H and O2-H' hydroxyl groups between rings to rotate more freely because of the enlarged distances between the groups across the glycosidic bridge. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Momany, Frank A.; Willett, J. L.; Schnupf, Udo] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Momany, FA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM frank.momany@ars.usda.gov RI Schnupf, Udo/H-4703-2016 OI Schnupf, Udo/0000-0002-1457-1985 NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-1280 J9 J MOL STRUC-THEOCHEM JI Theochem-J. Mol. Struct. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 953 IS 1-3 BP 61 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.theochem.2010.05.004 PG 22 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 628KQ UT WOS:000280119000010 ER PT J AU Nelson, DD Davis, WC Brown, WC Li, H O'Toole, D Oaks, JL AF Nelson, Danielle D. Davis, William C. Brown, Wendy C. Li, Hong O'Toole, Donal Oaks, J. Lindsay TI CD8(+)/perforin(+)/WC1(-) gamma delta T cells, not CD8(+) alpha beta T cells, infiltrate vasculitis lesions of American bison (Bison bison) with experimental sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Malignant catarrhal fever; Bison; Vasculitis; gamma d T cells; gamma-Herpesvirus ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS BCG; OVINE HERPESVIRUS-2; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; LYMPHOCYTES-T; VIRUS-INFECTION; KILLER-CELLS; CATTLE; IDENTIFICATION; ANTIGEN AB Sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever (SA-MCF) caused by ovine herpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2), a gamma-herpesvirus in the Macavirus genus, is a fatal disease associated with lymphoproliferation, lymphocytic vasculitis, and mucosal ulceration in clinically susceptible species. SA-MCF is an important threat to American bison (Bison bison) due to their high susceptibility to this disease. Currently, the pathogenesis of disease in SA-MCF is poorly understood, and the immunophenotype of lymphocytes that infiltrate the vascular lesions of bison and cattle with SA-MCF has been only partially defined. Previous single-color immunohistochemistry studies have demonstrated that CD8(+) cells and CD4(+) cells predominate within vascular infiltrates in cattle and bison. The CD8(+) cells detected in the vascular lesions of cattle and bison were assumed to be cytotoxic alpha beta T lymphocytes. However, polychromatic immunophenotyping analyses in this study showed that CD8(+)/perforin. gamma delta T cells, CD4(+)/perforin(-) alpha beta T cells, and B cells infiltrate vascular lesions in the urinary bladder, kidney, and liver of six bison with experimentally-induced SA-MCF. CD8(+) alpha beta T cells and WC1(+) gamma delta T cell cells were only infrequently and inconsistently identified. This study confirmed our hypothesis that the predominant CD8(+) lymphocytes infiltrating the vascular lesions of bison with SA-MCF are cytotoxic lymphocytes of the innate immune system, not CD8(+) alpha beta T cells. Results of the present study support the previous suggestions that MCF is fundamentally a disease of immune dysregulation. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Nelson, Danielle D.; Davis, William C.; Brown, Wendy C.; Li, Hong; Oaks, J. Lindsay] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Davis, William C.] Washington State Univ, Monoclonal Antibody Ctr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Brown, Wendy C.] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Li, Hong] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [O'Toole, Donal] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Nelson, DD (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, POB 647040,402 Bustad Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM danielled@vetmed.wsu.edu FU United States Agricultural Service, Agricultural Research Service [CWU 5348-320000-024-00D] FX This work was partially supported by the United States Agricultural Service, Agricultural Research Service (CWU 5348-320000-024-00D). The authors thank Naomi Taus, Christina Cunha, Sue Pritchard, Jan Keller, Shirley Elias, and Lori Fuller for technical assistance and Rod Rogers for animal care. NR 55 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 136 IS 3-4 BP 284 EP 291 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2010.03.023 PG 8 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA 633OD UT WOS:000280511500012 PM 20413164 ER PT J AU Zhu, J Weiss, M Grubman, MJ de los Santos, T AF Zhu, James Weiss, Marcelo Grubman, Marvin J. de los Santos, Teresa TI Differential gene expression in bovine cells infected with wild type and leaderless foot-and-mouth disease virus SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Picornaviruses; FMDV; Microarray; NF-kappa B ID NF-KAPPA-B; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; CAP-BINDING PROTEIN; MESSENGER-RNA; IFN-LAMBDA; ALPHA/BETA INTERFERON; REGULATORY FACTOR; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; III IFN; INDUCTION AB The leader proteinase (L(pro)) of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) plays a critical role in viral pathogenesis. Molecular studies have demonstrated that L(pro) inhibits translation of host capped mRNAs and transcription of some genes involved in the innate immune response. We have used microarray technology to study the gene expression profile of bovine cells infected with wild type (WT) or leaderless FMDV. Thirty nine out of approximately 22,000 bovine genes were selectively up-regulated by 2 fold or more in leaderless versus WT virus infected cells. Most of the up-regulated genes corresponded to IFN-inducible genes, chemokines or transcription factors. Comparison of promoter sequences suggested that host factors NF-kappa B, ISGF3G and IRF1 specifically contributed to the differential expression, being NF-kappa B primarily responsible for the observed changes. Our results suggest that L(pro) plays a central role in the FMDV evasion of the innate immune response by inhibiting NF-kappa B dependent gene expression. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zhu, James; Weiss, Marcelo; Grubman, Marvin J.; de los Santos, Teresa] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, N Atlantic Area, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Weiss, Marcelo] PIADC Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP de los Santos, T (reprint author), ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, N Atlantic Area, USDA, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM teresa.delossantos@ars.usda.gov RI Weiss, Marcelo/I-1274-2012 OI Weiss, Marcelo/0000-0001-7902-3210 FU U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Department of Agriculture; CRIS [1940-32000-052-00D]; ARS; USDA with the Department of Homeland Security [60-1940-7-47] FX This research was supported in part by the Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (appointment of Marcelo Weiss), by CRIS project number 1940-32000-052-00D, ARS, USDA (J. Zhu, M. J. Grubman and T. de los Santos) and by reimbursable agreement #60-1940-7-47 with the Department of Homeland Security. We thank Dr. Fayna Diaz-San Segundo for critical reading of the manuscript. NR 79 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD AUG 15 PY 2010 VL 404 IS 1 BP 32 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2010.04.021 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 613DN UT WOS:000278958000004 PM 20494391 ER PT J AU Belyea, RL Rausch, KD Clevenger, TE Singh, V Johnston, DB Tumbleson, ME AF Belyea, R. L. Rausch, K. D. Clevenger, T. E. Singh, V. Johnston, D. B. Tumbleson, M. E. TI Sources of variation in composition of DDGS SO ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Composition; DDGS; Dry grind processing; RUP; Variation ID DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS; SOLUBLES DDGS; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; VARIABILITY; CORN; NUTRITION AB High protein and high energy content make distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) a unique ingredient for ruminant diets, but variation in composition reduces nutritional quality and market value. There is little published information that addresses the specific causes of variation. Samples of DDGS from dry grind processing (ethanol) plants in the upper Midwest were analyzed for nutrient concentrations and sources of variation were evaluated. Significant plant x period (time) interactions indicated that variation was associated with specific fermentation batches, rather than plants or time (periods) per se. Differences in maize characteristics and in processing conditions probably were responsible for batch to batch effects. Fat content of DDGS samples was relatively uniform, but there was considerable variation in protein concentration (260-380g/kg DM). Low lysine (8.9 g/kg DM) and elevated pepsin insoluble (bound) protein concentrations were additional concerns. Published values for ruminally undegradable protein content were as accurate as estimates using specific plant data. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Belyea, R. L.] Univ Missouri, Dept Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Rausch, K. D.; Singh, V.] Univ Missouri, Dept Civil Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Clevenger, T. E.; Tumbleson, M. E.] Univ Illinois, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Johnston, D. B.] ERRC, USDA ARS, Wyndmoor, PA USA. RP Belyea, RL (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Anim Sci, 920 E Campus Dr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM belyear@missouri.edu FU Illinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research (CFAR) [02E-070-1] FX The authors recognize the technical assistance of Andrea Lloyd, Lindsey Parsons, Brandi Reeves and Donna Dolan in carrying out this project. They also appreciate financial support from the Illinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research (CFAR) under Award No. 02E-070-1. NR 23 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-8401 J9 ANIM FEED SCI TECH JI Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. PD AUG 11 PY 2010 VL 159 IS 3-4 BP 122 EP 130 DI 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2010.06.005 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 643QM UT WOS:000281313500006 ER PT J AU Lee, ST Davis, TZ Gardner, DR Colegate, SM Cook, D Green, BT Meyerholtz, KA Wilson, CR Stegelmeier, BL Evans, TJ AF Lee, Stephen T. Davis, T. Zane Gardner, Dale R. Colegate, Steven M. Cook, Daniel Green, Benedict T. Meyerholtz, Kimberly A. Wilson, Christina R. Stegelmeier, Bryan L. Evans, Tim J. TI Tremetone and Structurally Related Compounds in White Snakeroot (Ageratina altissima): A Plant Associated with Trembles and Milk Sickness SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE White snakeroot; tremetol; Eupatorium rugosum; Eupatorium urticaefolium; Ageratina altissima; tremetone; dehydrotremetone ID EUPATORIUM URTICAEFOLIUM; ASYMMETRIC BIOREDUCTION; TERPENE DERIVATIVES; CHROMENES; CONSTITUENTS; KETONES; ACETYLCHROMENES; RUGOSUM; NMR AB Ingestion of white snakeroot (Ageratina altissima) can cause trembles in livestock and milk sickness in humans. The toxicity has been associated with tremetol, a relatively crude, multicomponent lipophilic extract of the plant. In this study, 11 different compounds were isolated from white snakeroot-derived lipophilic extracts from 18 collections. Six of the isolated compounds have not been previously reported to be found in white snakeroot. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis indicated that there are three different chemotypes of white snakeroot from the plant samples analyzed. Elucidation of these chemotypes may explain the sporadic and unpredictable toxicity of white snakeroot to livestock and humans. C1 [Lee, Stephen T.; Davis, T. Zane; Gardner, Dale R.; Colegate, Steven M.; Cook, Daniel; Green, Benedict T.; Stegelmeier, Bryan L.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Meyerholtz, Kimberly A.; Wilson, Christina R.] Purdue Univ, Indiana Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Evans, Tim J.] Univ Missouri, Vet Med Diagnost Lab, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Lee, ST (reprint author), ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM stephen.lee@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 11 PY 2010 VL 58 IS 15 BP 8560 EP 8565 DI 10.1021/jf1012456 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 633AN UT WOS:000280471800013 PM 20681643 ER PT J AU Wang, CY Chen, HJ Jin, P Gao, HY AF Wang, Chien Y. Chen, Hangjun Jin, Peng Gao, Haiyan TI Maintaining Quality of Litchi Fruit with Acidified Calcium Sulfate SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Litchi chinensis; pericarp browning; antioxidant enzymes; anthocyanins; phenolics; flavonoids ID RADICAL SCAVENGING CAPACITY; PEROXIDASE-ACTIVITY; POLYPHENOL OXIDASE; ASSAY; ANTHOCYANINS; PERICARP AB The effect of acidified calcium sulfate (ACS) on the quality of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn. cv. 'Brewster') fruit after harvest was evaluated. ACS at 1.25% or higher concentrations significantly inhibited the activities of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase in the pericarp during storage at both 5 and 10 degrees C. These treatments also effectively prevented browning and retained the red color of the outer shell of the fruit. Total phenolic and total anthocyanin contents in pericarp were increased by ACS treatments in a dose-dependent manner. The radical scavenging activities for ROO center dot, DPPH center dot, (OH)-O-center dot and O-2(center dot-) were also enhanced by ACS, particularly by 2.5 and 5% concentrations. The activities of several antioxidant enzymes and enzymes of ascorbate-glutathione cycle including catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and monodehydroascorbate reductase gradually declined during storage. However, ACS enhanced the activities of these enzymes, especially at the beginning of the storage. Samples treated with ACS generally had higher flavonoid levels than the control. The three major flavonoids, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, cyanidin-3-glucoside and quercetin-3-rutinoside, were found to be significantly increased by 2.5 and 5.0% ACS at both 5 and 10 degrees C. No differences were detected among various treatments in soluble solids content or sugar and organic acid levels in the pulp of litchi fruit, indicating that the internal quality of the fruit was not adversely affected by ACS treatment. C1 [Wang, Chien Y.; Chen, Hangjun; Jin, Peng; Gao, Haiyan] ARS, Food Qual Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Chen, Hangjun; Gao, Haiyan] Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Food Inst, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Jin, Peng] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci & Technol, Nanjing, Peoples R China. RP Wang, CY (reprint author), ARS, Food Qual Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM chienyi.wang@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 11 PY 2010 VL 58 IS 15 BP 8658 EP 8666 DI 10.1021/jf100607e PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 633AN UT WOS:000280471800027 PM 20614905 ER PT J AU Hakk, H Huwe, JK Murphy, K Rutherford, D AF Hakk, Heldur Huwe, Janice K. Murphy, Kris Rutherford, Drew TI Metabolism of 2,2 ',4,4 '-Tetrabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-47) in Chickens SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE BFRs; brominated diphenyl ethers; chicken; metabolism; excretion; BDE-47; tissue disposition; skin ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; BROILER CHICKEN; DISPOSITION; RATS; MICE; BIPHENYLS; EXCRETION; ENVIRONMENT AB Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are an important class of persistent, organic pollutant that, based on previous studies in rodents, are poorly metabolized and bioaccumulate in lipophilic stores of the body. Because humans typically consume the fat and skin of chicken, a single (14)C-radiolabeled dose (2.7 mg/kg; 5.64 mu mol/kg) of the most common PBDE in the environment, that is, 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), was administered to determine its metabolic disposition in male broiler chickens. Orally dosed BDE-47 was readily absorbed from the gut of chickens and was estimated to be 73% bioavailable. Cumulative tissue retention at 72 h was 60.2% of the dose. BDE-47 was deposited preferentially in lipophilic tissues, and the decreasing rank order of concentration on a wet weight basis was adipose tissue, skin, gastrointestinal tract, lung, carcass, muscle, liver, and kidney. When concentrations were adjusted for lipid content, the levels of BDE-47 in the principal edible tissues in chicken, that is, adipose tissue, skin, liver, and white and dark meat, were very similar to one another. Excretion of unbound metabolites in excreta was <1% of the dose, but bound radioactivity was a major component of excreta at >12% of the dose. Alkaline hydrolysis of bound material yielded a hydroxylated tetrabromo metabolite. The metabolic pathway of BDE-47 in chicken included mono-oxidation, mono-oxidation/debromination, and debromination. The present results suggest that trimming the fat and skin from chicken would substantially reduce human exposure to PBDEs during the consumption of chicken. C1 [Hakk, Heldur; Huwe, Janice K.] ARS, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Murphy, Kris; Rutherford, Drew] Concordia Coll, Dept Chem, Moorhead, MN 56562 USA. RP Hakk, H (reprint author), ARS, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM hakkh@fargo.ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 6 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD AUG 11 PY 2010 VL 58 IS 15 BP 8757 EP 8762 DI 10.1021/jf1012924 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 633AN UT WOS:000280471800038 PM 20681664 ER PT J AU Fox, GA Heeren, DM Wilson, GV Langendoen, EJ Fox, AK Chu-Agor, ML AF Fox, Garey A. Heeren, Derek M. Wilson, Glenn V. Langendoen, Eddy J. Fox, Amanda K. Chu-Agor, Maria L. TI Numerically predicting seepage gradient forces and erosion: Sensitivity to soil hydraulic properties SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Groundwater seepage; Pedotransfer function; ROSETTA; Seepage erosion; Uncertainty analysis ID PIPING SAPPING EROSION; SEDIMENT LOADS; BANK EROSION; CONDUCTIVITY; STREAMBANKS; STABILITY; MODEL; RIVER; INSTABILITY; EQUATION AB Research has suggested that streambank seepage can be an important mechanism of bank instability; however, limited information is available on the level of soil characterization necessary to accurately predict seepage gradient forces and erosion. The objective of this research was to quantify the expected range of predicted seepage gradients for various degrees of site characterization. Uncertainty analysis on seepage gradient predictions was performed relative to variability in soil hydraulic properties. A two-dimensional unsaturated/saturated groundwater flow model was used to simulate a homogeneous soil layer for sand and loamy sand soils packed at various bulk densities, rho b. A pedotransfer function (ROSETTA), designed to estimate unsaturated hydraulic properties from surrogate soil data (i.e., texture and bulk density), was used to derive the saturated hydraulic conductivity, K-s, and water retention parameters for various levels of site information (i.e., only textural class; percent sand, silt, and clay (%SSC); %SSC and rho b; and %SSC, rho b. and KO. Statistical distributions were derived for each soil hydraulic parameter and Monte Carlo simulations were performed to generate distributions of maximum seepage gradient. The deviation in predicted seepage gradient was calculated using assumed baseline conditions. Ranges in predicted soil hydraulic parameters and maximum seepage gradients were considerably reduced when using %SSC as compared to soil texture. Therefore, at a minimum, soil samples should be taken for particle size analysis. For rho b between 1450 and 1500 kg m(-3), soil hydraulic parameters could be derived using ROSETTA and inputting %SSC, with little additional benefit provided by measuring rho b and/or K-s. When the rho b was less than 1450-1500 kg m(-3), inputting rho b and/or K-s consistently reduced the magnitude of deviations from the baseline and therefore should be measured from undisturbed soil samples. The opposite was observed for rho b greater than 1450-1500 kg M-3 due to discrepancies between ROSE'TTA-derived and actual values of soil hydraulic parameters other than K. Considerable deviations (i.e., around 20%) were observed in seepage gradients under this scenario. When ROSETTA-derived and actual values of soil hydraulic parameters more closely matched, inputting rho b and/or K-s benefitted seepage gradient predictions as deviations in seepage gradients were less than 5% for the sand and loamy sand soils. Therefore, it is vital to quantify all soil hydraulic parameters for high rho b soils and textures with a wide range in %SSC. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fox, Garey A.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Heeren, Derek M.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Wilson, Glenn V.; Langendoen, Eddy J.] ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS USA. [Chu-Agor, Maria L.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Fox, GA (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, 120 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM garey.fox@okstate.edu OI Chu, Ma Librada/0000-0003-3732-7165; Langendoen, Eddy/0000-0002-2215-4989 FU Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (CSREES), US Department of Agriculture (USDA) [2005-35102-17209] FX This material is based upon work supported by the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (CSREES), US Department of Agriculture (USDA), under Award No. 2005-35102-17209. The authors acknowledge three anonymous reviewers whose comments significantly improved the manuscript. NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD AUG 11 PY 2010 VL 389 IS 3-4 BP 354 EP 362 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.06.015 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 639LP UT WOS:000280976600012 ER PT J AU Strange, JP AF Strange, James P. TI Nest initiation in three North American bumble bees (Bombus): Gyne number and presence of honey bee workers influence establishment success and colony size SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bumble bees; nesting success; colony parameters; nest initiation ID APIDAE; HYMENOPTERA; TERRESTRIS; OCCIDENTALIS AB Three species of bumble bees, Bombus appositus Cresson, Bombus bifarius, Cresson and Bombus centralis Cresson (Hymenoptera: Apidae) were evaluated for nest initiation success under three sets of initial conditions. In the spring, gynes of each species were caught in the wild and introduced to nest boxes in one of three ways. Gynes were either introduced in conspecific pairs, singly with two honey bees, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) workers, or alone. Nesting success and colony growth parameters were measured to understand the effects of the various treatments on nest establishment. Colonies initiated from pairs of conspecific gynes were most successful in producing worker bees (59.1%), less successful were colonies initiated with honey bee workers (33.3%), and least successful were bumble bee gynes initiating colonies alone (16.7%). There was a negative correlation between the numbers of days to the emergence of the first worker in a colony to the attainment of ultimate colony size, indicating that gynes that have not commenced oviposition in 21 days are unlikely to result in colonies exceeding 50 workers. B. appositus had the highest rate of nest establishment followed by B. bifarius and B. centralis. Nest establishment rates in three western bumble bee species can be increased dramatically by the addition of either honey bee workers or a second gyne to nesting boxes at colony initiation. C1 Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insect Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Strange, JP (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insect Res Unit, 255 BNR, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM James.Strange@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 25 PU UNIV ARIZONA PI TUCSON PA LIBRARY C327, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA SN 1536-2442 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD AUG 11 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 130 DI 10.1673/031.010.13001 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 644LF UT WOS:000281378200001 PM 20879924 ER PT J AU Bohbot, JD Dickens, JC AF Bohbot, Jonathan D. Dickens, Joseph C. TI Insect Repellents: Modulators of Mosquito Odorant Receptor Activity SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID AEDES-AEGYPTI; CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; ALLOSTERIC SITE; DEET; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; OVIPOSITION; INHIBITION; RESPONSES AB Background: DEET, 2-undecanone (2-U), IR3535 and Picaridin are widely used as insect repellents to prevent interactions between humans and many arthropods including mosquitoes. Their molecular action has only recently been studied, yielding seemingly contradictory theories including odorant-dependent inhibitory and odorant-independent excitatory activities on insect olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) and odorant receptor proteins (ORs). Methodology/Principal Findings: Here we characterize the action of these repellents on two Aedes aegypti ORs, AaOR2 and AaOR8, individually co-expressed with the common co-receptor AaOR7 in Xenopus oocytes; these ORs are respectively activated by the odors indole (AaOR2) and (R)-(2)-1-octen3-ol (AaOR8), odorants used to locate oviposition sites and host animals. In the absence of odorants, DEET activates AaOR2 but not AaOR8, while 2-U activates AaOR8 but not AaOR2; IR3535 and Picaridin do not activate these ORs. In the presence of odors, DEET strongly inhibits AaOR8 but not AaOR2, while 2-U strongly inhibits AaOR2 but not AaOR8; IR3535 and Picaridin strongly inhibit both ORs. Conclusions/Significance: These data demonstrate that repellents can act as olfactory agonists or antagonists, thus modulating OR activity, bringing concordance to conflicting models. C1 [Bohbot, Jonathan D.; Dickens, Joseph C.] ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Plant Sci,USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Bohbot, JD (reprint author), ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Plant Sci,USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. EM joseph.dickens@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB) FX This work was supported in part by a grant to J.C.D. from the Deployed War Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program, funded by the US Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 44 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 23 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 11 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 8 AR e12138 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0012138 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 637WJ UT WOS:000280849100033 PM 20725637 ER PT J AU Wang, XD AF Wang, X. D. TI INTERACTION BETWEEN ALCOHOL AND RETINOIDS IN HEPATOCELLULAR CANCER SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT World Congress on International-Society-for-Biomedical-Research-on-Alcoholism CY SEP 13-16, 2010 CL Paris, FRANCE SP Int Soc Biomed Res Alcoholism, Soc Francaise Alcoolog C1 [Wang, X. D.] Tufts Univ, HNRCA, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD AUG 10 PY 2010 VL 34 IS 8 SU S BP 36A EP 36A PG 1 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 630DN UT WOS:000280252600088 ER PT J AU Ye, Q Chavez, PRG Lian, F Seitz, HK Wang, XD AF Ye, Q. Chavez, P. R. G. Lian, F. Seitz, H. K. Wang, X. D. TI CHLORMETHIAZOLE, AN INHIBITOR OF CYP2E1, PREVENTED CHEMICAL CARCINOGEN-INITIATED AND ALCOHOL-PROMOTED HEPATIC CARCINOGENESIS IN RATS SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT World Congress on International-Society-for-Biomedical-Research-on-Alcoholism CY SEP 13-16, 2010 CL Paris, FRANCE SP Int Soc Biomed Res Alcoholism, Soc Francaise Alcoolog C1 [Ye, Q.; Chavez, P. R. G.; Lian, F.; Seitz, H. K.; Wang, X. D.] Tufts Univ, HNRCA, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD AUG 10 PY 2010 VL 34 IS 8 SU S BP 128A EP 128A PG 1 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 630DN UT WOS:000280252600452 ER PT J AU Luvizotto, RAM Nascimento, AF Veeramachaneni, S Wang, XD AF Luvizotto, R. A. M. Nascimento, A. F. Veeramachaneni, S. Wang, X. D. TI CHRONIC ALCOHOL INTAKE UP-REGULATES HEPATIC EXPRESSIONS OF CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE ENZYMES AND PEROXISOMAL PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS IN RATS SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT World Congress on International-Society-for-Biomedical-Research-on-Alcoholism CY SEP 13-16, 2010 CL Paris, FRANCE SP Int Soc Biomed Res Alcoholism, Soc Francaise Alcoolog C1 [Luvizotto, R. A. M.; Nascimento, A. F.; Veeramachaneni, S.; Wang, X. D.] Tufts Univ, HNRCA, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD AUG 10 PY 2010 VL 34 IS 8 SU S BP 129A EP 129A PG 1 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 630DN UT WOS:000280252600453 ER PT J AU Manohar, M Mei, H Franklin, AJ Sweet, EM Shigaki, T Riley, BB MacDiarmid, CW Hirschi, K AF Manohar, Murli Mei, Hui Franklin, Andrew J. Sweet, Elly M. Shigaki, Toshiro Riley, Bruce B. MacDiarmid, Colin W. Hirschi, Kendal TI Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Endomembrane Antiporter Similar to a Yeast Cation/H+ Transporter Is Required for Neural Crest Development SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MEMBRANE H+-ATPASE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ION HOMEOSTASIS; SECRETORY PATHWAY; H+/CA2+ EXCHANGE; ARABIDOPSIS CAX1; NA+/H+ EXCHANGER; CALCIUM-PUMP; CA2+ ATPASES AB CAtion/H+ eXchangers (CAXs) are integral membrane proteins that transport Ca2+ or other cations by exchange with protons. While several yeast and plant CAX proteins have been characterized, no functional analysis of a vertebrate CAX homologue has yet been reported. In this study, we further characterize a CAX from yeast, VNX1, and initiate characterization of a zebrafish CAX (Cax1). Localization studies indicated that both Vnx1 and Cax1 proteins are found in endomembrane compartments. Biochemical characterization of endomembrane fractions from vnx1 mutant cells and zebrafish Cax1-expressing yeast cells suggested that both yeast and fish CAXs have Ca2+/H+ antiport activities. Additionally, the vnx1 mutation was associated with heightened pH-sensitivity. In zebrafish embryos, cax1 was specifically expressed in neural crest cells. Morpholino knockdown of cax1 caused defects in neural crest development, including alterations in pigmentation, defects in jaw development, and reduction in expression of the neural crest marker, Pax7. Collectively, our findings provide insights into Vnx1 function and support an unexpected role of CAX transporters in animal growth and development. C1 [Manohar, Murli; Mei, Hui; Hirschi, Kendal] Texas A&M Univ, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Sweet, Elly M.; Riley, Bruce B.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [MacDiarmid, Colin W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Nutr Sci, Madison, WI 53562 USA. [Manohar, Murli; Shigaki, Toshiro; Hirschi, Kendal] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Franklin, Andrew J.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. RP Hirschi, K (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM kendalh@bcm.edu RI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/F-8310-2010 OI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/0000-0001-9688-184X FU U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service [58-62650-6001]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [0344350]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [2005-34402-16401] FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service (under Cooperative Agreement 58-62650-6001), the National Science Foundation (NSF; grant nos. 0344350), and the U.S. Department of Agriculture Grant CSRESS#2005-34402-16401 Designing Foods for Health. NR 66 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD AUG 10 PY 2010 VL 49 IS 31 BP 6557 EP 6566 DI 10.1021/bi100362k PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 636NE UT WOS:000280743200007 PM 20578725 ER PT J AU Vasan, RS Pencina, MJ Robins, SJ D'Agostino, RB Kaur, G Zachariah, JP Ordovas, JM AF Vasan, Ramachandran S. Pencina, Michael J. Robins, Sander J. D'Agostino, Ralph B. Kaur, Guneet Zachariah, Justin P. Ordovas, Jose M. TI Response to Letter Regarding Article, "Association of Circulating Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Activity With Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease in the Community" SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Letter ID RISK C1 [Vasan, Ramachandran S.; Pencina, Michael J.; Robins, Sander J.; D'Agostino, Ralph B.] Framingham Heart Dis Epidemiol Study, Framingham, MA USA. [Kaur, Guneet] Boston Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Zachariah, Justin P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Zachariah, Justin P.] Childrens Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Vasan, RS (reprint author), Framingham Heart Dis Epidemiol Study, Framingham, MA USA. OI Ramachandran, Vasan/0000-0001-7357-5970; Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD AUG 10 PY 2010 VL 122 IS 6 BP E421 EP E421 DI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.951822 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 636RL UT WOS:000280757300015 ER PT J AU Wang, XY Yang, ZQ Gould, JR Zhang, YN Liu, GJ Liu, ES AF Wang, Xiao-Yi Yang, Zhong-Qi Gould, Juli R. Zhang, Yi-Nan Liu, Gui-Jun Liu, En-Shan TI The biology and ecology of the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis, in China SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Buprestidae; behavior; life cycle; management ID BUPRESTIDAE; COLEOPTERA; HYMENOPTERA; EULOPHIDAE; ENCYRTIDAE; FAIRMAIRE AB The biology, ecology, and life cycle of the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), were studied using regular inspection in the forest and observations in the laboratory. Results indicated that A. planipennis are mostly univoltine in Tianjin, China. They overwintered individually as mature larvae in shallow chambers excavated in the outer sapwood. In late July, some full-grown larvae began to build overwintering chambers, and all larvae entered the sapwood for dormancy by early November. A. planipennis pupated in the overwintering chamber from early April to mid May the following year, and the average pupal duration was about 20 days. In late April, some newly eclosed adults could be found in the pupal cells, but they had not yet emerged from the tree. Adults began to emerge in early May, with peak flight occurring in mid May. The average longevity of adults was about 21 days and the adult stage lasted through early July. The adults fed on ash foliage as a source of nutrition. Mating was usually conducted and completed on the leaf or trunk surfaces of ash trees. Oviposition began in mid May and eggs hatched on average in 15.7 days. The first instar larvae appeared in early June. The larval stage lasted about 300 days to complete an entire generation. The emerald ash borer had four larval instars on velvet ash, Fraxinus velutina (Scrophulariales: Oleaceae). The major natural control factors of A. planipennis were also investigated, and preliminary suggestions for its integrated management are proposed. C1 [Wang, Xiao-Yi; Yang, Zhong-Qi] Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forest Ecol Environm & Protect, State Forestry Adm, Key Lab Forest Protect, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. [Gould, Juli R.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. [Zhang, Yi-Nan] Beijing Vocat Coll Agr, Beijing 102442, Peoples R China. RP Yang, ZQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forest Ecol Environm & Protect, State Forestry Adm, Key Lab Forest Protect, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. EM yzhqi@caf.ac.cn FU USDA; Forest Service; Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine (APHIS); National 11th "Five-Year Plan" for Key Technology R D Program [2006BAD08A12]; International Foundation from Sweden [D/3689-1, 2]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30671689] FX This research was supported by the USDA, Forest Service, and Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Plant Protection and Quarantine (APHIS); the National 11th "Five-Year Plan" for Key Technology R & D Program (2006BAD08A12); the International Foundation for Science (D/3689-1, 2) from Sweden; and National Natural Science Foundation of China (30671689). We thank Drs. Richard Reardon and Yun Wu, Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team, Morgantown, West Virginia, for their constant support. We also thank Professor Mao-Ling Sheng (General Station of Forest Pest Management, State Forestry Administration) for identification of the ichneumonid specimen, and Associate Professor Jian-Rong Wei (Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry) for identification of the 4 ant specimens. We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their critical reading and valuable comments. NR 38 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 4 U2 47 PU UNIV ARIZONA PI TUCSON PA LIBRARY C327, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA SN 1536-2442 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD AUG 9 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 128 PG 23 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 636SN UT WOS:000280760700001 PM 20879922 ER PT J AU Kapanigowda, M Stewart, BA Howell, TA Kadasrivenkata, H Baumhardt, RL AF Kapanigowda, Mohankumar Stewart, B. A. Howell, Terry A. Kadasrivenkata, Hanumanthrao Baumhardt, R. L. TI Growing maize in clumps as a strategy for marginal climatic conditions SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Water use efficiency; Evapotranspiration; Soil water; Dryland maize ID DRYLAND GRAIN-SORGHUM; SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; SPRAY IRRIGATION; CORN; YIELD; LEPA; TEMPERATURE; POPULATION; STRESS; PLANT AB Under dryland conditions of the Texas High Plains, maize (Zea mays) production is limited by sparse and erratic precipitation that results in severe water stress particularly during grain formation. When plant populations are reduced to 2.0-3.0 plants m(-2) to conserve soil water for use during grain filling, tillers often form during the vegetative growth and negate the expected economic benefit. We hypothesized that growing maize in clumps spaced 1.0 m apart would reduce tiller formation, increase mutual shading among the plants, and conserve soil water for grain filling that would result in higher grain yield. Studies were conducted during 2006 and 2007 at Bushland, TX. with two planting geometries (clump vs. equidistant), two irrigation methods (low-energy precision applicator. LEPA, and low-elevation spray applicator. LESA) at three irrigation levels (dryland, 75 mm and 125 mm in 2006; and dryland, 50 mm and 100 mm in 2007). For dryland plots in 2007, clump plants had only 0.17 tillers (0.66 tillers m(-2)) compared with 1.56 tillers per plant (6.08 tillers m(-2)) for equidistant spacing. Tillers accounted for 10% of the stover for the equidistant plants, but less than 3% of the grain. Clump planting produced significantly greater grain yields (321 g m(-2) vs. 225 g m(-2) and 454 g m(-2) vs. 292 g m(-2) during 2006 and 2007, respectively) and Harvest Indexes (0.54 vs. 0.49 and 0.52 vs. 0.39 during 2006 and 2007, respectively) compared with equidistant plants in dryland conditions. Water use efficiency (WUE) measurements in 2007 indicated that clumps had a lower evapotranspiration (ET) threshold for initiating grain production, but the production function slopes were 2.5 kg m(-3) for equidistant treatments compared to 2.0 kg m(-3) for clump treatments. There was no yield difference for method of irrigation on water use efficiency. Our results suggest that growing maize in clumps compared with equidistant spacing reduced the number of tillers, early vegetative growth, and Leaf Area Index (LA!) so that more soil water was available during the grain filling stage. This may be a useful strategy for growing maize with low plant populations in dryland areas where severe water stress is common. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kapanigowda, Mohankumar; Stewart, B. A.; Kadasrivenkata, Hanumanthrao] W Texas A&M Univ, Dryland Agr Inst, Canyon, TX 79016 USA. [Howell, Terry A.; Baumhardt, R. L.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. RP Kapanigowda, M (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM mkapanigowda@tamu.edu; bstewart@mail.wtamu.edu; tahowell@cprl.ars.usda.gov; hanu17@yahoo.com; rlbaumhardt@cprl.ars.usda.gov FU Kansas State University; Texas AgriLife Research and Texas AgriLife Extension Service at Amarillo and Lubbock; Texas Tech University; West Texas AM University FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Dr. Paul Colaizzi, Don McRoberts, Grant Johnson, and Jennifer Childers with the USDA-ARS at the Conservation and Production Research Laboratory at Bushland in planting and irrigating the plots. In addition, this work was partially supported through the Ogallala Aquifer Program through USDA-ARS (Bushland and Lubbock) in cooperation with Kansas State University, Texas AgriLife Research and Texas AgriLife Extension Service at Amarillo and Lubbock, Texas Tech University, and West Texas A&M University. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD AUG 8 PY 2010 VL 118 IS 2 BP 115 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2010.04.012 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 628OD UT WOS:000280128900002 ER PT J AU Lingle, SE Johnson, RM Tew, TL Viator, RP AF Lingle, Sarah E. Johnson, Richard M. Tew, Thomas L. Viator, Ryan P. TI Changes in juice quality and sugarcane yield with recurrent selection for sucrose SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Breeding; Juice Quality; Recurrent selection; Saccharum; Sucrose; Sugarcane; Yield ID GENETIC BASE; TRAITS; ACCUMULATION; REGISTRATION; AUSTRALIA; LOUISIANA; GROWTH AB Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) breeding programs in Louisiana have made improving sucrose content a top priority because a short growing season limits cane yield. Using a recurrent selection strategy, the cultivars with the highest sucrose content are crossed, and a new generation of cultivars is selected from the progeny. This study was designed to determine how selection primarily for sucrose content has modified physiological characters, and impacted sucrose content and yield. Five cultivars were randomly selected from each of seven generations of recurrent selection in Louisiana and planted in two experiments. The plant and first stubble crops were harvested late in the harvest season from each experiment. Cane yield and juice quality were determined. Cultivars from the last three generations were superior to cultivars from the first three generations for Brix % cane, sucrose % cane, purity, theoretically recoverable sugar (TRS), cane yield and sugar yield. Fiber % cane was not different among the generations. Selection primarily for sucrose has increased Brix % cane from 14% to 16%, sucrose % cane from 12% to 14%, purity from 82.5% to 87.3%, and TRS from 98 to 122 kg Mg(-1). A plateau in juice quality and sucrose yield in the last three generations may indicate that: (1) Louisiana's short growing season may restrict sucrose accumulation; (2) the genetic potential for late season juice quality has been reached with currently available germplasm; or (3) the inclusion of lower juice quality Saccharum spontaneum germplasm into the breeding program in order to increase disease tolerance, cold tolerance, and ratooning ability has diluted the effect of recurrent selection for sucrose. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lingle, Sarah E.] ARS, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Johnson, Richard M.; Tew, Thomas L.; Viator, Ryan P.] ARS, USDA, Houma, LA 70360 USA. RP Lingle, SE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Sarah.Lingle@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD AUG 8 PY 2010 VL 118 IS 2 BP 152 EP 157 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2010.05.002 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 628OD UT WOS:000280128900006 ER PT J AU Girdthai, T Jogloy, S Vorasoot, N Akkasaeng, C Wongkaew, S Holbrook, CC Patanothai, A AF Girdthai, Teerayoot Jogloy, Sanun Vorasoot, Nimitr Akkasaeng, Chutipong Wongkaew, Sopone Holbrook, C. Corley Patanothai, Aran TI Heritability of, and genotypic correlations between, aflatoxin traits and physiological traits for drought tolerance under end of season drought in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) SO FIELD CROPS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Arachis hypogaea L; Aflatoxin; A. flavus; SLA; SCMR; Drought resistance ID CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; LEAF-AREA; CHLOROPHYLL-METER; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; STRESSED PEANUTS; CONTAMINATION; RESISTANCE; ASSOCIATION; STABILITY AB More rapid progress in breeding peanut for reduced aflatoxin contamination should be achievable with a better understanding of the inheritance of, aflatoxin trait and physiological traits that are associated with reduced contamination. The objectives of this study were to estimate the heritability of aflatoxin traits and genotypic (r(G)) and phenotypic (r(p)) correlations between drought resistance traits and aflatoxin traits in peanut. One hundred-forty peanut lines in the F(4:6) and F(4:7) generations were generated from four crosses, and tested under well-watered and terminal drought conditions. Field experiments were conducted under the dry seasons 2006/2007 and 2007/2008. Data were recorded for biomass (BIO), pod yield (PY), drought tolerance traits [harvest index (HI), drought tolerance index (DTI) of BIO and PY, specific leaf area (SLA), and SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR)], and aflatoxin traits [seed infection and aflatoxin contamination]. Heritabilities of A. flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination in this study were low to moderate. The heritabilities for seed infection and aflatoxin contamination ranged from 0.48 to 0.58 and 0.24 to 0.68, respectively. Significant correlations between aflatoxin traits and DTI (PY), DTI (BIO), HI, biomass and pod yield under terminal drought conditions were found (r(p) = -0.25(**) to 0.32**, r(G) = -0.57** to 0.53**). Strong correlations between SLA and SCMR with A. flavus infection and aflatoxin contamination were also found. Positive correlations between SLA at 80, 90, and 100 DAP and aflatoxin traits were significant (r(p) = 0.13** to 0.46**, r(G) = 0.26** to 0.81**). SCMR was negatively correlated with aflatoxin traits (r(p) = -0.10** to -0.40**, r(G) = 0.11** to -0.66**).These results indicated that physiological-based selection approaches using SLA and SCMR might be effective for improving aflatoxin resistance in peanut. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Girdthai, Teerayoot; Jogloy, Sanun; Vorasoot, Nimitr; Akkasaeng, Chutipong; Patanothai, Aran] Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr Resources, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. [Wongkaew, Sopone] Suranaree Univ Technol, Inst Agr Technol, Sch Crop Prod Technol, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand. [Holbrook, C. Corley] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Jogloy, S (reprint author), Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr Resources, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. EM sanun@kku.ac.th FU Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. program [PHD/0208/2545]; Thailand Research Fund FX The authors are grateful for the financial support of the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. program (grant no. PHD/0208/2545) and the Senior Research Scholar Project of Professor Dr. Aran Patanothai under the Thailand Research Fund, and also support in part by the Basic Research for Supporting Groundnut Varietal Improvement for Drought Tolerance Project under the Thailand Research Fund. We thank the work of many people in field data collection and processing. NR 44 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4290 J9 FIELD CROP RES JI Field Crop. Res. PD AUG 8 PY 2010 VL 118 IS 2 BP 169 EP 176 DI 10.1016/j.fcr.2010.05.007 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 628OD UT WOS:000280128900008 ER PT J AU Goode, JR Wohl, E AF Goode, Jaime R. Wohl, Ellen TI Substrate controls on the longitudinal profile of bedrock channels: Implications for reach-scale roughness SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE LA English DT Article ID RIVER INCISION; BED-STEPS; MORPHOLOGY; STREAMS; KNICKPOINT; SEDIMENT; RESISTANCE; GRADIENTS; EVOLUTION; EROSION AB In this paper we examine the relationships among bedrock properties and hydraulics in shaping bedrock channel morphology at the reach scale. The Ocoee River and four other bedrock streams in the Blue Ridge province of the southeastern United States, which have reach-scale differences in bedrock erodibility controlled by lithologic and structural variation, are the focus of this study. We describe a simple conceptual model for concentrated erosion in bedrock channels and test three hypotheses in order to investigate the interactions among rock erodibility, characteristics of undulating rib-like bed forms, reach-scale gradient, and hydraulic roughness and energy dissipation. Substrate differences correlate with variation in reach morphology (i.e., gradient, bed form orientation, and amplitude), such that less erodible substrates are associated with steeper reach gradient and with transversely oriented ribs of greater amplitude. One-dimensional modeling in HEC-RAS indicated that in the reach with the least erodible substrate and greatest bed slope and rib amplitude, the reach-averaged hydraulic roughness was the greatest. Increased hydraulic roughness in steeper reaches points to the importance of positive and negative feedbacks in these systems: Greater substrate erosional resistance limits profile lowering, which likely creates steeper bed slopes and greater stream power, creating a self-enhancing feedback. This local increase in stream power is balanced by increased roughness resulting from the erosional processes that produce bedrock ribs, which represents a self-regulating feedback. The overall result reflects quantifiable adjustments between substrate resistance and hydraulic driving forces in bedrock channels. C1 [Goode, Jaime R.; Wohl, Ellen] Colorado State Univ, Dept Geosci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Goode, JR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, 322 E Front St,Ste 401, Boise, ID 83702 USA. EM jaimegoode@fs.fed.us FU NSF [EAR-0507098] FX This study was funded by NSF grant EAR-0507098. William Lyons and William Stubblefield provided valuable assistance with field work. We thank the three anonymous reviewers for their detailed comments and suggestions. NR 43 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf. PD AUG 7 PY 2010 VL 115 AR F03018 DI 10.1029/2008JF001188 PG 14 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 636GL UT WOS:000280719600001 ER PT J AU Bhasi, A Senalik, D Simon, PW Kumar, B Manikandan, V Philip, P Senapathy, P AF Bhasi, Ashwini Senalik, Doug Simon, Philipp W. Kumar, Brajendra Manikandan, Vinu Philip, Philge Senapathy, Periannan TI RoBuST: an integrated genomics resource for the root and bulb crop families Apiaceae and Alliaceae SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENE ONTOLOGY; DATABASE; TOOL; EUKARYOTES; BIOLOGY; PLANTS AB Background: Root and bulb vegetables (RBV) include carrots, celeriac (root celery), parsnips (Apiaceae), onions, garlic, and leek (Alliaceae)-food crops grown globally and consumed worldwide. Few data analysis platforms are currently available where data collection, annotation and integration initiatives are focused on RBV plant groups. Scientists working on RBV include breeders, geneticists, taxonomists, plant pathologists, and plant physiologists who use genomic data for a wide range of activities including the development of molecular genetic maps, delineation of taxonomic relationships, and investigation of molecular aspects of gene expression in biochemical pathways and disease responses. With genomic data coming from such diverse areas of plant science, availability of a community resource focused on these RBV data types would be of great interest to this scientific community. Description: The RoBuST database has been developed to initiate a platform for collecting and organizing genomic information useful for RBV researchers. The current release of RoBuST contains genomics data for 294 Alliaceae and 816 Apiaceae plant species and has the following features: (1) comprehensive sequence annotations of 3663 genes 5959 RNAs, 22,723 ESTs and 11,438 regulatory sequence elements from Apiaceae and Alliaceae plant families; (2) graphical tools for visualization and analysis of sequence data; (3) access to traits, biosynthetic pathways, genetic linkage maps and molecular taxonomy data associated with Alliaceae and Apiaceae plants; and (4) comprehensive plant splice signal repository of 659,369 splice signals collected from 6015 plant species for comparative analysis of plant splicing patterns. Conclusions: RoBuST, available at http://robust.genome.com, provides an integrated platform for researchers to effortlessly explore and analyze genomic data associated with root and bulb vegetables. C1 [Bhasi, Ashwini; Senapathy, Periannan] Genome Int Corp, Madison, WI 53717 USA. [Senalik, Doug; Simon, Philipp W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kumar, Brajendra; Manikandan, Vinu; Philip, Philge; Senapathy, Periannan] Int Ctr Adv Genom & Prote, Chennai 600096, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Senapathy, P (reprint author), Genome Int Corp, 8000 Excelsior Dr,Suite 202, Madison, WI 53717 USA. EM ps@genome.com NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 14 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD AUG 6 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 161 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-10-161 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 650HD UT WOS:000281838900001 PM 20691054 ER PT J AU Yang, YH Fang, JY Fay, PA Bell, JE Ji, CJ AF Yang, Yuanhe Fang, Jingyun Fay, Philip A. Bell, Jesse E. Ji, Chengjun TI Rain use efficiency across a precipitation gradient on the Tibetan Plateau SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; GREAT-PLAINS; GRASSLAND; CARBON; VARIABILITY; DIVERSITY; PATTERNS; ANPP AB Our knowledge of the relationship between vegetation rain use efficiency (RUE) and precipitation is critical for predicting potential responses of grassland ecosystems to changing precipitation regimes. However, a generalized pattern of RUE along the precipitation gradient is still unavailable. Here we examined RUE variations in both Tibetan and global grasslands across precipitation gradients, using actual measurements obtained from a regional survey and a global dataset. RUE in Tibetan grasslands exhibited a unimodal pattern across the precipitation gradient, with an increasing trend in dry alpine steppe and a decreasing trend in mesic alpine meadow. RUE in alpine steppe was lower than in alpine meadow, largely due to their differences in species richness, soil texture and soil carbon content. The RUE of Tibetan grasslands was lower than global grasslands but displayed a similar trend with precipitation, suggesting the generality of a unimodal RUE pattern across diverse grassland types across broad precipitation gradients. Citation: Yang, Y., J. Fang, P. A. Fay, J. E. Bell, and C. Ji (2010), Rain use efficiency across a precipitation gradient on the Tibetan Plateau, Geophys. Res. Lett., 37, L15702, doi: 10.1029/2010GL043920. C1 [Yang, Yuanhe; Fang, Jingyun; Ji, Chengjun] Peking Univ, Dept Ecol, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Yang, Yuanhe; Fang, Jingyun; Ji, Chengjun] Peking Univ, Key Lab Earth Surface Proc, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Minist Educ, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Bell, Jesse E.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Fay, Philip A.] ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, USDA, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Yang, YH (reprint author), Peking Univ, Dept Ecol, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM yhyang@water.pku.edu.cn RI Yang, Yuanhe/D-1448-2011; OI Fay, Philip/0000-0002-8291-6316 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [90711002, 30721140306, 40638039] FX We thank members of the Peking University Sampling Teams to the Tibetan Plateau (2001-2004) for assistance in field investigation, and Haihua Shen, Sheng Rao, Huifeng Hu, Xiangli Meng, Jinfang Wang, Zhaodi Guo, Yahan Chen, and Biao Zhu for help in laboratory analysis. We are grateful to Paolo D'Odorico and three anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (90711002, 30721140306, and 40638039). NR 29 TC 26 Z9 32 U1 7 U2 52 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 6 PY 2010 VL 37 AR L15702 DI 10.1029/2010GL043920 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 636FY UT WOS:000280718100002 ER PT J AU Hagler, JR Jackson, CG Blackmer, JL AF Hagler, James R. Jackson, C. Glen Blackmer, Jacquelyn L. TI Diet selection exhibited by juvenile and adult lifestages of the omnivores western tarnished plant bug, Lygus hesperus and tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bemisia tabaci; cotton; feeding behavior; predation; herbivory ID PODISUS-MACULIVENTRIS; INTRAGUILD PREDATION; FEEDING-BEHAVIOR; NOCTUIDAE EGGS; LIFE-HISTORY; LOW RATES; MIRIDAE; HEMIPTERA; PREY; HETEROPTERA AB Lygus hesperus Knight and Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) (Heteroptera: Miridae) are economically important plant bugs on many crops worldwide. However, these omnivores are also facultative predators on a wide variety of insects. This study was conducted to quantify and compare herbivory and carnivory exhibited among different lifestages of these two insect pests. The feeding activity of a total of 422 individuals was observed for 1 h each in feeding arenas containing a cotton leaf disk and copious amounts of the sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) eggs, nymphs and adults. The L. hesperus and L. lineolaris lifestages examined included adults and 3(rd), 4(th) and 5(th) instar nymphs. Plant feeding occupied the majority of both species' time budget, regardless of the species or lifestage examined. There was a tendency for L. lineolaris lifestages to feed more often and for longer duration on plant tissue than L. hesperus. All lifestages of both species rarely fed on B. tabaci, but when they did, they preferred nymphs > adults > eggs. There were only a few cases where there were significant differences in predation rates and prey handling times exhibited among lifestages and between species, but juvenile L. hesperus tended to be more predaceous than juvenile L. lineolaris on whitefly nymphs and adults and 5(th) instar and adult L. lineolaris were significantly more herbaceous than their L. hesperus counterparts. In addition, the younger individuals of both species tended to have greater prey handling times than their older counterparts. The significance of these findings is discussed. C1 [Hagler, James R.; Jackson, C. Glen; Blackmer, Jacquelyn L.] ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA. RP Hagler, JR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA. EM james.hagler@ars.usda.gov FU USDA FX We thank Nicole Brooks, Patrick Dockens, Le Anne Elhoff, George Green, Ranjini Iyengar, Dan Langhorst, and Scott Machtley for technical assistance, and to Livy Williams III for providing L. lineolaris. We are most grateful to Debbie Hagler, Rodrigo Krugner, Livy Williams III and two anonymous reviewers for reviewing an earlier version of this manuscript. This article reports the results of research only. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement or a recommendation for its use by the USDA. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU UNIV ARIZONA PI TUCSON PA LIBRARY C327, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA SN 1536-2442 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD AUG 6 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 127 DI 10.1673/031.010.12701 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 636SL UT WOS:000280760500002 PM 20879921 ER PT J AU Severin, AJ Woody, JL Bolon, YT Joseph, B Diers, BW Farmer, AD Muehlbauer, GJ Nelson, RT Grant, D Specht, JE Graham, MA Cannon, SB May, GD Vance, CP Shoemaker, RC AF Severin, Andrew J. Woody, Jenna L. Bolon, Yung-Tsi Joseph, Bindu Diers, Brian W. Farmer, Andrew D. Muehlbauer, Gary J. Nelson, Rex T. Grant, David Specht, James E. Graham, Michelle A. Cannon, Steven B. May, Gregory D. Vance, Carroll P. Shoemaker, Randy C. TI RNA-Seq Atlas of Glycine max: A guide to the soybean transcriptome SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKAGE GROUP-I; GENE-EXPRESSION; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; SEED PROTEIN; GENOME; ARABIDOPSIS; GENERATION; SEQUENCES; LEGUMES; COMPACT AB Background: Next generation sequencing is transforming our understanding of transcriptomes. It can determine the expression level of transcripts with a dynamic range of over six orders of magnitude from multiple tissues, developmental stages or conditions. Patterns of gene expression provide insight into functions of genes with unknown annotation. Results: The RNA Seq-Atlas presented here provides a record of high-resolution gene expression in a set of fourteen diverse tissues. Hierarchical clustering of transcriptional profiles for these tissues suggests three clades with similar profiles: aerial, underground and seed tissues. We also investigate the relationship between gene structure and gene expression and find a correlation between gene length and expression. Additionally, we find dramatic tissue-specific gene expression of both the most highly-expressed genes and the genes specific to legumes in seed development and nodule tissues. Analysis of the gene expression profiles of over 2,000 genes with preferential gene expression in seed suggests there are more than 177 genes with functional roles that are involved in the economically important seed filling process. Finally, the Seq-atlas also provides a means of evaluating existing gene model annotations for the Glycine max genome. Conclusions: This RNA-Seq atlas extends the analyses of previous gene expression atlases performed using Affymetrix GeneChip technology and provides an example of new methods to accommodate the increase in transcriptome data obtained from next generation sequencing. Data contained within this RNA-Seq atlas of Glycine max can be explored at http://www.soybase.org/soyseq. C1 [Severin, Andrew J.; Woody, Jenna L.; Joseph, Bindu; Graham, Michelle A.; Cannon, Steven B.; Shoemaker, Randy C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bolon, Yung-Tsi; Vance, Carroll P.] USDA ARS, Plant Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Diers, Brian W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Farmer, Andrew D.; May, Gregory D.] Natl Ctr Genome Resources, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. [Nelson, Rex T.; Grant, David; Graham, Michelle A.; Cannon, Steven B.; Shoemaker, Randy C.] USDA ARS, Com Insects & Crop Genet Resources Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Muehlbauer, Gary J.; Vance, Carroll P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Specht, James E.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Severin, AJ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM severin@iastate.edu RI Graham, Michelle/C-7144-2013; OI Grant, David/0000-0002-4611-6848 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Current Research Information System (CRIS) [3640-21000-024-00D, 3625-21220-004-00D]; National Science Foundation [0822258]; United Soybean Board FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Current Research Information System (CRIS No. 3640-21000-024-00D) and CRIS No. 3625-21220-004-00D, and National Science Foundation Grant #0822258 We are also grateful for funding from the United Soybean Board. We thank Bruna Bucciarelli for assistance with tissue collection and sample preparation, Nathan Weeks for technical and IT support, Kevin Feeley for website implementation and Dan Nettleton for advice on statistical methods. NR 56 TC 245 Z9 259 U1 7 U2 65 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD AUG 5 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 160 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-10-160 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 650HC UT WOS:000281838800001 PM 20687943 ER PT J AU Teslovich, TM Musunuru, K Smith, AV Edmondson, AC Stylianou, IM Koseki, M Pirruccello, JP Ripatti, S Chasman, DI Willer, CJ Johansen, CT Fouchier, SW Isaacs, A Peloso, GM Barbalic, M Ricketts, SL Bis, JC Aulchenko, YS Thorleifsson, G Feitosa, MF Chambers, J Orho-Melander, M Melander, O Johnson, T Li, XH Guo, XQ Li, MY Cho, YS Go, MJ Kim, YJ Lee, JY Park, T Kim, K Sim, X Ong, RTH Croteau-Chonka, DC Lange, LA Smith, JD Song, K Zhao, JH Yuan, X Luan, JA Lamina, C Ziegler, A Zhang, W Zee, RYL Wright, AF Witteman, JCM Wilson, JF Willemsen, G Wichmann, HE Whitfield, JB Waterworth, DM Wareham, NJ Waeber, G Vollenweider, P Voight, BF Vitart, V Uitterlinden, AG Uda, M Tuomilehto, J Thompson, JR Tanaka, T Surakka, I Stringham, HM Spector, TD Soranzo, N Smit, JH Sinisalo, J Silander, K Sijbrands, EJG Scuteri, A Scott, J Schlessinger, D Sanna, S Salomaa, V Saharinen, J Sabatti, C Ruokonen, A Rudan, I Rose, LM Roberts, R Rieder, M Psaty, BM Pramstaller, PP Pichler, I Perola, M Penninx, BWJH Pedersen, NL Pattaro, C Parker, AN Pare, G Oostra, BA O'Donnell, CJ Nieminen, MS Nickerson, DA Montgomery, GW Meitinger, T McPherson, R McCarthy, MI McArdle, W Masson, D Martin, NG Marroni, F Mangino, M Magnusson, PKE Lucas, G Luben, R Loos, RJF Lokki, ML Lettre, G Langenberg, C Launer, LJ Lakatta, EG Laaksonen, R Kyvik, KO Kronenberg, F Konig, IR Khaw, KT Kaprio, J Kaplan, LM Johansson, A Jarvelin, MR Janssens, ACJW Ingelsson, E Igi, W Hovingh, GK Hottenga, JJ Hofman, A Hicks, AA Hengstenberg, C Heid, IM Hayward, C Havulinna, AS Hastie, ND Harris, TB Haritunians, T Hall, AS Gyllensten, U Guiducci, C Groop, LC Gonzalez, E Gieger, C Freimer, NB Ferrucci, L Erdmann, J Elliott, P Ejebe, KG Doering, A Dominiczak, AF Demissie, S Deloukas, P de Geus, EJC de Faire, U Crawford, G Collins, FS Chen, YDI Caulfield, MJ Campbell, H Burtt, NP Bonnycastle, LL Boomsma, DI Boekholdt, SM Bergman, RN Barroso, I Bandinelli, S Ballantyne, CM Assimes, TL Quertermous, T Altshuler, D Seielstad, M Wong, TY Tai, ES Feranil, AB Kuzawa, CW Adair, LS Taylor, HA Borecki, IB Gabriel, SB Wilson, JG Holm, H Thorsteinsdottir, U Gudnason, V Krauss, RM Mohlke, KL Ordovas, JM Munroe, PB Kooner, JS Tall, AR Hegele, RA Kastelein, JJP Schadt, EE Rotter, JI Boerwinkle, E Strachan, DP Mooser, V Stefansson, K Reilly, MP Samani, NJ Schunkert, H Cupples, LA Sandhu, MS Ridker, PM Rader, DJ van Duijn, CM Peltonen, L Abecasis, GR Boehnke, M Kathiresan, S AF Teslovich, Tanya M. Musunuru, Kiran Smith, Albert V. Edmondson, Andrew C. Stylianou, Ioannis M. Koseki, Masahiro Pirruccello, James P. Ripatti, Samuli Chasman, Daniel I. Willer, Cristen J. Johansen, Christopher T. Fouchier, Sigrid W. Isaacs, Aaron Peloso, Gina M. Barbalic, Maja Ricketts, Sally L. Bis, Joshua C. Aulchenko, Yurii S. Thorleifsson, Gudmar Feitosa, Mary F. Chambers, John Orho-Melander, Marju Melander, Olle Johnson, Toby Li, Xiaohui Guo, Xiuqing Li, Mingyao Cho, Yoon Shin Go, Min Jin Kim, Young Jin Lee, Jong-Young Park, Taesung Kim, Kyunga Sim, Xueling Ong, Rick Twee-Hee Croteau-Chonka, Damien C. Lange, Leslie A. Smith, Joshua D. Song, Kijoung Zhao, Jing Hua Yuan, Xin Luan, Jian'an Lamina, Claudia Ziegler, Andreas Zhang, Weihua Zee, Robert Y. L. Wright, Alan F. Witteman, Jacqueline C. M. Wilson, James F. Willemsen, Gonneke Wichmann, H. -Erich Whitfield, John B. Waterworth, Dawn M. Wareham, Nicholas J. Waeber, Gerard Vollenweider, Peter Voight, Benjamin F. Vitart, Veronique Uitterlinden, Andre G. Uda, Manuela Tuomilehto, Jaakko Thompson, John R. Tanaka, Toshiko Surakka, Ida Stringham, Heather M. Spector, Tim D. Soranzo, Nicole Smit, Johannes H. Sinisalo, Juha Silander, Kaisa Sijbrands, Eric J. G. Scuteri, Angelo Scott, James Schlessinger, David Sanna, Serena Salomaa, Veikko Saharinen, Juha Sabatti, Chiara Ruokonen, Aimo Rudan, Igor Rose, Lynda M. Roberts, Robert Rieder, Mark Psaty, Bruce M. Pramstaller, Peter P. Pichler, Irene Perola, Markus Penninx, Brenda W. J. H. Pedersen, Nancy L. Pattaro, Cristian Parker, Alex N. Pare, Guillaume Oostra, Ben A. O'Donnell, Christopher J. Nieminen, Markku S. Nickerson, Deborah A. Montgomery, Grant W. Meitinger, Thomas McPherson, Ruth McCarthy, Mark I. McArdle, Wendy Masson, David Martin, Nicholas G. Marroni, Fabio Mangino, Massimo Magnusson, Patrik K. E. Lucas, Gavin Luben, Robert Loos, Ruth J. F. Lokki, Marja-Liisa Lettre, Guillaume Langenberg, Claudia Launer, Lenore J. Lakatta, Edward G. Laaksonen, Reijo Kyvik, Kirsten O. Kronenberg, Florian Koenig, Inke R. Khaw, Kay-Tee Kaprio, Jaakko Kaplan, Lee M. Johansson, Asa Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta Janssens, A. Cecile J. W. Ingelsson, Erik Igi, Wilmar Hovingh, G. Kees Hottenga, Jouke-Jan Hofman, Albert Hicks, Andrew A. Hengstenberg, Christian Heid, Iris M. Hayward, Caroline Havulinna, Aki S. Hastie, Nicholas D. Harris, Tamara B. Haritunians, Talin Hall, Alistair S. Gyllensten, Ulf Guiducci, Candace Groop, Leif C. Gonzalez, Elena Gieger, Christian Freimer, Nelson B. Ferrucci, Luigi Erdmann, Jeanette Elliott, Paul Ejebe, Kenechi G. Doering, Angela Dominiczak, Anna F. Demissie, Serkalem Deloukas, Panagiotis de Geus, Eco J. C. de Faire, Ulf Crawford, Gabriel Collins, Francis S. Chen, Yii-der I. Caulfield, Mark J. Campbell, Harry Burtt, Noel P. Bonnycastle, Lori L. Boomsma, Dorret I. Boekholdt, S. Matthijs Bergman, Richard N. Barroso, Ines Bandinelli, Stefania Ballantyne, Christie M. Assimes, Themistocles L. Quertermous, Thomas Altshuler, David Seielstad, Mark Wong, Tien Y. Tai, E-Shyong Feranil, Alan B. Kuzawa, Christopher W. Adair, Linda S. Taylor, Herman A., Jr. Borecki, Ingrid B. Gabriel, Stacey B. Wilson, James G. Holm, Hilma Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur Gudnason, Vilmundur Krauss, Ronald M. Mohlke, Karen L. Ordovas, Jose M. Munroe, Patricia B. Kooner, Jaspal S. Tall, Alan R. Hegele, Robert A. Kastelein, John J. P. Schadt, Eric E. Rotter, Jerome I. Boerwinkle, Eric Strachan, David P. Mooser, Vincent Stefansson, Kari Reilly, Muredach P. Samani, Nilesh J. Schunkert, Heribert Cupples, L. Adrienne Sandhu, Manjinder S. Ridker, Paul M. Rader, Daniel J. van Duijn, Cornelia M. Peltonen, Leena Abecasis, Goncalo R. Boehnke, Michael Kathiresan, Sekar TI Biological, clinical and population relevance of 95 loci for blood lipids SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE; RISK; TRAITS; TRIGLYCERIDES; CHOLESTEROL; HUMANS AB Plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides are among the most important risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) and are targets for therapeutic intervention. We screened the genome for common variants associated with plasma lipids in >100,000 individuals of European ancestry. Here we report 95 significantly associated loci (P<5 x 10(-8)), with 59 showing genome-wide significant association with lipid traits for the first time. The newly reported associations include single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near known lipid regulators (for example, CYP7A1, NPC1L1 and SCARB1) as well as in scores of loci not previously implicated in lipoprotein metabolism. The 95 loci contribute not only to normal variation in lipid traits but also to extreme lipid phenotypes and have an impact on lipid traits in three non-European populations (East Asians, South Asians and African Americans). Our results identify several novel loci associated with plasma lipids that are also associated with CAD. Finally, we validated three of the novel genes-GALNT2, PPP1R3B and TTC39B-with experiments in mouse models. Taken together, our findings provide the foundation to develop a broader biological understanding of lipoprotein metabolism and to identify new therapeutic opportunities for the prevention of CAD. C1 [Musunuru, Kiran; Pirruccello, James P.; Voight, Benjamin F.; Bandinelli, Stefania; Altshuler, David; Kathiresan, Sekar] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Ctr Human Genet Res, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Teslovich, Tanya M.; Willer, Cristen J.; Stringham, Heather M.; Bergman, Richard N.; Abecasis, Goncalo R.; Boehnke, Michael] Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, Ctr Stat Genet, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Musunuru, Kiran; Ballantyne, Christie M.; Kathiresan, Sekar] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Musunuru, Kiran; Pirruccello, James P.; Voight, Benjamin F.; Guiducci, Candace; Gonzalez, Elena; Ejebe, Kenechi G.; Crawford, Gabriel; Burtt, Noel P.; Altshuler, David; Wong, Tien Y.; Gabriel, Stacey B.; Kathiresan, Sekar] Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. [Musunuru, Kiran; Chasman, Daniel I.; Zee, Robert Y. L.; O'Donnell, Christopher J.; Assimes, Themistocles L.; Quertermous, Thomas; Altshuler, David; Ridker, Paul M.; Kathiresan, Sekar] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Musunuru, Kiran; Pirruccello, James P.; Tai, E-Shyong] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. [Smith, Albert V.; Feranil, Alan B.; Gudnason, Vilmundur] Iceland Heart Assoc, Heart Prevent Clin & Res Inst, IS-201 Kopavogur, Iceland. [Smith, Albert V.; Kuzawa, Christopher W.; Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur; Gudnason, Vilmundur; Stefansson, Kari] Univ Iceland, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Edmondson, Andrew C.; Li, Mingyao; Adair, Linda S.; Reilly, Muredach P.; Rader, Daniel J.] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Cardiovasc Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Edmondson, Andrew C.; Stylianou, Ioannis M.; Li, Mingyao; Reilly, Muredach P.; Rader, Daniel J.] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Inst Translat Med & Therapeut, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Koseki, Masahiro; Masson, David; Tall, Alan R.] Columbia Univ, Dept Med, Div Mol Med, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Ripatti, Samuli; Surakka, Ida; Silander, Kaisa; Saharinen, Juha; Perola, Markus; Kaprio, Jaakko] Univ Helsinki, FIMM, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Ripatti, Samuli; Surakka, Ida; Silander, Kaisa; Perola, Markus; Kaprio, Jaakko] Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland. [Chasman, Daniel I.; Zee, Robert Y. L.; Rose, Lynda M.; Ridker, Paul M.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Prevent Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Johansen, Christopher T.; Hegele, Robert A.] Univ Western Ontario, Robarts Res Inst, London, ON N6A 5K8, Canada. [Fouchier, Sigrid W.; Hovingh, G. Kees; Kastelein, John J. P.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Vasc Med, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Isaacs, Aaron; Aulchenko, Yurii S.; Witteman, Jacqueline C. M.; Uitterlinden, Andre G.; Sijbrands, Eric J. G.; Janssens, A. Cecile J. W.; Hofman, Albert; van Duijn, Cornelia M.] Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Peloso, Gina M.; Demissie, Serkalem; Cupples, L. Adrienne] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Peloso, Gina M.; O'Donnell, Christopher J.; Demissie, Serkalem; Cupples, L. Adrienne] NHLBI, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702 USA. [Barbalic, Maja; Boerwinkle, Eric] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Ctr Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Ricketts, Sally L.; Luben, Robert; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Sandhu, Manjinder S.] Univ Cambridge, Strangeways Res Lab, Dept Publ Hlth & Primary Care, Cambridge CB1 8RN, England. [Bis, Joshua C.] Univ Washington, Cardiovasc Hlth Res Unit, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Bis, Joshua C.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Thorleifsson, Gudmar; Holm, Hilma; Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur; Stefansson, Kari] DeCODE, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Feitosa, Mary F.; Borecki, Ingrid B.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Stat Genom, Ctr Genome Sci, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. [Chambers, John; Zhang, Weihua] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London W2 1PG, England. [Orho-Melander, Marju; Melander, Olle; Groop, Leif C.] Lund Univ, Dept Clin Sci, SE-20502 Malmo, Sweden. [Johnson, Toby; Caulfield, Mark J.] Queen Mary Univ London, Clin Pharmacol & Barts & London Genome Ctr, William Harvey Res Inst, Barts & London Sch Med, London EC1M 6BQ, England. [Li, Xiaohui; Guo, Xiuqing; Haritunians, Talin; Chen, Yii-der I.; Rotter, Jerome I.] Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Inst Med Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. [Cho, Yoon Shin; Go, Min Jin; Kim, Young Jin; Lee, Jong-Young] Natl Inst Hlth, Ctr Genome Sci, Seoul 122701, South Korea. [Park, Taesung] Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Interdisciplinary Program Bioinformat, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Park, Taesung] Seoul Natl Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Dept Stat, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [Kim, Kyunga] Sookmyung Womens Univ, Dept Stat, Seoul 140742, South Korea. [Sim, Xueling] Natl Univ Singapore, Ctr Mol Epidemiol, Singapore 117597, Singapore. [Croteau-Chonka, Damien C.; Lange, Leslie A.; Mohlke, Karen L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. 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M.; Uitterlinden, Andre G.; Hofman, Albert; van Duijn, Cornelia M.] NGI, NCHA, NL-2300 RC Leiden, Netherlands. [Witteman, Jacqueline C. M.; Uitterlinden, Andre G.; Hofman, Albert; van Duijn, Cornelia M.] CMSB, NL-2300 RC Leiden, Netherlands. [Wilson, James F.; Rudan, Igor; Campbell, Harry] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Populat Hlth Sci, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, Midlothian, Scotland. [Willemsen, Gonneke; Hottenga, Jouke-Jan; de Geus, Eco J. C.; Boomsma, Dorret I.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Dept Biol Psychol, NL-1081 BT Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Wichmann, H. -Erich; Heid, Iris M.; Gieger, Christian; Doering, Angela] Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Inst Epidemiol, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. [Whitfield, John B.; Montgomery, Grant W.; Martin, Nicholas G.] PO Royal Brisbane Hosp, Queensland Inst Med Res, Genet Epidemiol Unit, Brisbane, Qld 4029, Australia. [Waeber, Gerard; Vollenweider, Peter] CHU Vaudois, Dept Internal Med, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Uitterlinden, Andre G.; Sijbrands, Eric J. G.] Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Uda, Manuela; Sanna, Serena] Cittadella Univ Monserrato, CNR, INN, I-09042 Cagliari, Italy. [Tuomilehto, Jaakko; Salomaa, Veikko; Havulinna, Aki S.] Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Dept Chron Dis Prevent, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland. [Thompson, John R.] Univ Leicester, Dept Hlth Sci, Leicester LE1 6TP, Leics, England. [Tanaka, Toshiko] NIA, Clin Res Branch, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21225 USA. [Tanaka, Toshiko] Medstar Res Inst, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Spector, Tim D.; Soranzo, Nicole; Mangino, Massimo] Kings Coll London, Dept Twin Res & Genet Epidemiol, London SE1 7EH, England. [Soranzo, Nicole; Deloukas, Panagiotis; Barroso, Ines; Sandhu, Manjinder S.] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. [Smit, Johannes H.; Penninx, Brenda W. J. H.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Med Ctr, EMGO Inst, Dept Psychiat, NL-1007 MB Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Sinisalo, Juha; Nieminen, Markku S.] HUCH, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland. [Scuteri, Angelo] IRCCS, INRCA, Unita Operat Geriatria, I-00189 Rome, Italy. [Scott, James; Kooner, Jaspal S.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Hammersmith Hosp, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, London W12 0NN, England. [Schlessinger, David; Lakatta, Edward G.] NIA, Gerontol Res Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. [Sabatti, Chiara] Stanford Univ, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ruokonen, Aimo] Univ Oulu, Dept Clin Chem, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland. [Tanaka, Toshiko] Univ Ottawa, John & Jennifer Ruddy Canadian Cardiovasc Gen Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4W7, Canada. [Psaty, Bruce M.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Grp Hlth Res Inst, Grp Hlth Cooperat, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Psaty, Bruce M.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Grp Hlth Res Inst, Grp Hlth Cooperat, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Psaty, Bruce M.] Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Grp Hlth Res Inst, Grp Hlth Cooperat, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Pramstaller, Peter P.; Pichler, Irene; Pattaro, Cristian; Hicks, Andrew A.] Univ Lubeck, European Acad Bozen Bolzano EURAC, Inst Med Genet, Lubeck, Germany. [Pedersen, Nancy L.; Magnusson, Patrik K. E.; Ingelsson, Erik] Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. [Parker, Alex N.] Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 USA. [Pare, Guillaume] McMaster Univ, Genet & Mol Epidemiol Lab, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada. [Oostra, Ben A.] Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Clin Genet, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Meitinger, Thomas] Deutsch Forsch Zentrum Umwelt & Gesundheit, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Inst Humangenet, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. [Meitinger, Thomas] Tech Univ Munich, Klinikum Rechts Isar, Inst Human Genet, D-81675 Munich, Germany. [McCarthy, Mark I.] Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Oxford OX3 7BN, England. [McCarthy, Mark I.] Univ Oxford, Churchill Hosp, Oxford Ctr Diabet Endocrinol & Med, Oxford OX3 7LJ, England. [McCarthy, Mark I.] Churchill Hosp, Oxford NIHR Biomed Res Ctr, Oxford OX3 7LJ, England. [McArdle, Wendy] Univ Bristol, Avon Longitudinal Study Parents & Children, Bristol BS8 2BN, Avon, England. [Marroni, Fabio] Inst Appl Genom, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Lucas, Gavin] Inst Municipal Invest Med, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain. [Lokki, Marja-Liisa] Univ Helsinki, Haartman Inst, Transplantat Lab, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Lettre, Guillaume] Univ Montreal, Montreal Heart Inst, Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ H1T 1C8, Canada. [Launer, Lenore J.; Harris, Tamara B.] NIA, Lab Epidemiol Demog & Biometry, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Laaksonen, Reijo] Tampere Univ Hosp, Ctr Sci, FI-33521 Tampere, Finland. [Kyvik, Kirsten O.] Univ So Denmark, Inst Reg Hlth Res, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark. [Kyvik, Kirsten O.] Univ So Denmark, Danish Twin Registry, Inst Publ Hlth, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark. [Kaprio, Jaakko] Univ Helsinki, Dept Publ Hlth, Fac Med, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Kaplan, Lee M.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Weight Ctr, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Johansson, Asa; Igi, Wilmar; Gyllensten, Ulf] Uppsala Univ, Rudbeck Lab, Dept Genet & Pathol, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. [Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta; Elliott, Paul] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, London W2 1PG, England. [Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta] Univ Oulu, Dept Publ Hlth Sci & Gen Practice, FI-90220 Oulu, Finland. [Hengstenberg, Christian] Univ Regensburg, Klin & Poliklin Innere Med 2, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany. [Heid, Iris M.] Univ Regensburg, Med Ctr, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany. [Havulinna, Aki S.] Aalto Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, Dept Biomed Engn & Computat Sci, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland. [Hall, Alistair S.] Univ Leeds, Fac Med & Hlth, LIGHT Res Inst, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Groop, Leif C.] Helsinki Univ Hosp, Dept Med, FI-00029 Helsinki, Finland. [Freimer, Nelson B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Psychiat,Ctr Neurobehav Genet, Jane & Terry Semel Inst Neurosci & Human Behav, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Ferrucci, Luigi] NIA, Clin Res Branch, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21225 USA. [Erdmann, Jeanette; Schunkert, Heribert] Med Univ Lubeck, Med Klin 2, D-23538 Lubeck, Germany. [Elliott, Paul] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, MRC HPA Ctr Environm & Hlth, London W2 1PG, England. [Dominiczak, Anna F.] Univ Glasgow, BHF Glasgow Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Glasgow G12 8TA, Lanark, Scotland. [de Faire, Ulf] Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Div Cardiovasc Epidemiol, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden. [Collins, Francis S.; Bonnycastle, Lori L.] NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Boekholdt, S. Matthijs] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Vasc Med, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Boekholdt, S. Matthijs] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Cardiol, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Bergman, Richard N.] Univ So Calif, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Bandinelli, Stefania] ASF, Geriatr Unit, I-50125 Florence, Italy. [Ballantyne, Christie M.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Assimes, Themistocles L.; Quertermous, Thomas] Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wong, Tien Y.] Natl Univ Singapore, Singapore Eye Res Inst, Singapore 168751, Singapore. [Tai, E-Shyong] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Dept Med, Singapore 117597, Singapore. [Tai, E-Shyong] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, Singapore 117597, Singapore. [Tai, E-Shyong] Natl Univ Singapore, Yong Loo Lin Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Singapore 117597, Singapore. [Feranil, Alan B.] Univ San Carlos, Off Populat Studies Fdn, Cebu 6000, Philippines. [Kuzawa, Christopher W.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Anthropol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Adair, Linda S.] Univ N Carolina, Carolina Populat Ctr, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC 27516 USA. [Taylor, Herman A., Jr.; Wilson, James G.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Jackson, MS 39126 USA. [Krauss, Ronald M.] Childrens Hosp, Oakland Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Ctr Nacl Invest Cardiovasc, Dept Cardiovasc Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid 28029, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Munroe, Patricia B.] Queen Mary Univ London, Clin Pharmacol & Barts & London Genome Ctr, William Harvey Res Inst, Barts & London Sch Med & Dent, London EC1M 6BQ, England. [Schadt, Eric E.] Sage Bionetworks, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Strachan, David P.] St Georges Univ London, Div Community Hlth Sci, London SW17 0RE, England. [Samani, Nilesh J.] Univ Leicester, Dept Cardiovasc Sci, NIHR Biomed Res Unit Cardiovasc Dis, Glenfield Hosp, Leicester LE3 9QP, Leics, England. RP Kathiresan, S (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Ctr Human Genet Res, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM skathiresan@partners.org RI Erdmann, Jeanette/P-7513-2014; Ejebe, Kenechi/I-9238-2016; Smith, Albert/K-5150-2015; Kyvik, Kirsten /K-5680-2016; mangino, massimo/F-5134-2011; Hayward, Caroline/M-8818-2016; Konig, Inke/A-4544-2009; Erdmann, Jeanette/A-4417-2009; Magnusson, Patrik/C-4458-2017; Feitosa, Mary/K-8044-2012; Hicks, Andrew/E-9518-2017; Aulchenko, Yurii/M-8270-2013; Laaksonen, Reijo/D-6323-2014; Boekholdt, Matthijs/G-7562-2014; Pramstaller, Peter/C-2357-2008; Fouchier, Sigrid/A-8310-2011; Gudnason, Vilmundur/K-6885-2015; Ripatti, Samuli/H-9446-2014; Wilson, James F/A-5704-2009; de Geus, Eco/M-9318-2015; Montgomery, Grant/B-7148-2008; Meitinger, Thomas/O-1318-2015; Hegele, Robert/G-3301-2011; Abecasis, Goncalo/B-7840-2010; Altshuler, David/A-4476-2009; Johansson, Asa/G-5270-2011; Deloukas, Panos/B-2922-2013; Kronenberg, Florian/B-1736-2008; Voight, Benjamin/F-1775-2011; Colaus, PsyColaus/K-6607-2013; Stylianou, Ioannis/C-6061-2012; Lucas, Gavin/D-4346-2012; Spector, Tim/F-6533-2012; Lamina, Claudia/F-7608-2010; Rudan, Igor/I-1467-2012 OI Martin, Nicholas/0000-0003-4069-8020; Kaprio, Jaakko/0000-0002-3716-2455; Tai, E Shyong/0000-0003-2929-8966; Erdmann, Jeanette/0000-0002-4486-6231; Luben, Robert/0000-0002-5088-6343; Gieger, Christian/0000-0001-6986-9554; Ziegler, Andreas/0000-0002-8386-5397; Janssens, A Cecile/0000-0002-6153-4976; Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta/0000-0002-2149-0630; Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680; Soranzo, Nicole/0000-0003-1095-3852; Willer, Cristen/0000-0001-5645-4966; Seielstad, Mark/0000-0001-5783-1401; Sijbrands, Eric/0000-0001-8857-7389; sanna, serena/0000-0002-3768-1749; Johnson, Toby/0000-0002-5998-3270; Abecasis, Goncalo/0000-0003-1509-1825; Ejebe, Kenechi/0000-0002-6090-8657; Smith, Albert/0000-0003-1942-5845; Kyvik, Kirsten /0000-0003-2981-0245; mangino, massimo/0000-0002-2167-7470; Hayward, Caroline/0000-0002-9405-9550; Feitosa, Mary/0000-0002-0933-2410; Hicks, Andrew/0000-0001-6320-0411; Pichler, Irene/0000-0001-8251-0757; Cupples, L. Adrienne/0000-0003-0273-7965; Marroni, Fabio/0000-0002-1556-5907; Aulchenko, Yurii/0000-0002-7899-1575; Gudnason, Vilmundur/0000-0001-5696-0084; Ripatti, Samuli/0000-0002-0504-1202; Wilson, James F/0000-0001-5751-9178; de Geus, Eco/0000-0001-6022-2666; Montgomery, Grant/0000-0002-4140-8139; Altshuler, David/0000-0002-7250-4107; Johansson, Asa/0000-0002-2915-4498; Deloukas, Panos/0000-0001-9251-070X; Kronenberg, Florian/0000-0003-2229-1120; Rudan, Igor/0000-0001-6993-6884 FU British Heart Foundation [PG/02/128, PG/08/094, PG/08/094/26019, RG/07/005/23633, SP/08/005/25115]; CCR NIH HHS [RC1 HL099634-02]; Chief Scientist Office [CZB/4/710]; FIC NIH HHS [TW05596]; Intramural NIH HHS; Medical Research Council [G0000934, G0401527, G0601966, G0700931, G0701863, G0801056, G0801566, G9521010, G9521010D, MC_QA137934, MC_U106179471, MC_U106188470, MC_U127561128]; NCI NIH HHS [CA 047988]; NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR00425, RR20649, U54 RR020278, UL1RR025005]; NHGRI NIH HHS [1Z01 HG000024, N01-HG-65403, T32 HG00040, U01HG004402]; NHLBI NIH HHS [U01 HL080295, 5R01HL087679-02, 5R01HL08770003, 5R01HL08821502, HL 04381, HL 080467, HL-54776, HL085144, K99 HL098364, K99 HL098364-01, K99HL094535, N01 HC-15103, N01 HC-55222, N01-HC-25195, N01-HC-35129, N01-HC-45133, N01-HC-55015, N01-HC-55016, N01-HC-55018, N01-HC-55019, N01-HC-55020, N01-HC-55021, N01-HC-55022, N01-HC-75150, N01-HC-85079, N01-HC-85080, N01-HC-85081, N01-HC-85082, N01-HC-85083, N01-HC-85084, N01-HC-85085, N01-HC-85086, N02-HL-6-4278, R01 HL087647, R01 HL087676, R01 HL089650, R01HL086694, R01HL087641, R01HL087652, R01HL59367, RC1 HL099634, RC1 HL099634-02, RC1 HL099793, RC2 HL101864,, RC2 HL102419, T32HL007208, U01 HL069757]; NIA NIH HHS [N01-AG-12100]; NICHD NIH HHS [R24 HD050924]; NIDDK NIH HHS [5R01DK06833603, 5R01DK07568102, DK062370, DK063491, DK072193, DK078150, DK56350, R01 DK072193, R01 DK078150, U01 DK062370, U01 DK062418]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES10126]; NIGMS NIH HHS [T32 GM007092]; PHS HHS [HHSN268200625226C]; Wellcome Trust [068545/Z/02, 076113/B/04/Z, 077016/Z/05/Z, 079895] NR 20 TC 1516 Z9 1549 U1 22 U2 215 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD AUG 5 PY 2010 VL 466 IS 7307 BP 707 EP 713 DI 10.1038/nature09270 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 634EN UT WOS:000280562500029 PM 20686565 ER PT J AU Nowicki, S Brandt, E Sheline, K Bidol, S Collins, J Toblin-D'Angelo, M Drenzek, C Jenkins, J Harvey, E Marsden, J Weltman, A Kissler, B Chen, WS Seys, S Hyytia-Trees, E Leeper, M Viray, M Cavallaro, E Wannemuehler, K Sotir, MJ AF Nowicki, S. Brandt, E. Sheline, K. Bidol, S. Collins, J. Toblin-D'Angelo, M. Drenzek, C. Jenkins, J. Harvey, E. Marsden, J. Weltman, A. Kissler, B. Chen, W. S. Seys, S. Hyytia-Trees, E. Leeper, M. Viray, M. Cavallaro, E. Wannemuehler, K. Sotir, M. J. TI Two Multistate Outbreaks of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Infections Linked to Beef From a Single Slaughter Facility-United States, 2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 557-560, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Nowicki, S.; Brandt, E.] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Harvey, E.] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Marsden, J.] Montgomery Cty Hlth Dept, Norristown, PA USA. [Weltman, A.] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [Kissler, B.; Chen, W. S.; Seys, S.] USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Svc, Washington, DC USA. [Hyytia-Trees, E.; Leeper, M.; Viray, M.; Cavallaro, E.; Wannemuehler, K.; Sotir, M. J.] CDC, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Nowicki, S (reprint author), Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 4 PY 2010 VL 304 IS 5 BP 516 EP 518 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 633SQ UT WOS:000280525700009 ER PT J AU Irwin, PL Nguyen, LHT Paoli, GC Chen, CY AF Irwin, Peter L. Nguyen, Ly-Huong T. Paoli, George C. Chen, Chin-Yi TI Evidence for a bimodal distribution of Escherichia coli doubling times below a threshold initial cell concentration SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMAGE-ANALYSIS; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; IMMUNOMAGNETIC BEADS; MICROBIAL-GROWTH; MICROORGANISMS; SALMONELLA; DIVISION; BACTERIA; MODELS AB Background: In the process of developing a microplate-based growth assay, we discovered that our test organism, a native E. coli isolate, displayed very uniform doubling times (tau) only up to a certain threshold cell density. Below this cell concentration (<= 100 -1,000 CFU mL(-1); <= 27-270 CFU well(-1)) we observed an obvious increase in the tau scatter. Results: Working with a food-borne E. coli isolate we found that tau values derived from two different microtiter platereader-based techniques (i.e., optical density with growth time {=OD[t]} fit to the sigmoidal Boltzmann equation or time to calculated 1/2-maximal OD {=t(m)} as a function of initial cell density {=t(m)[C(I)]}) were in excellent agreement with the same parameter acquired from total aerobic plate counting. Thus, using either Luria-Bertani (LB) or defined (MM) media at 37 degrees C, tau ranged between 17-18 (LB) or 51-54 (MM) min. Making use of such OD[t] data we collected many observations of tau as a function of manifold initial or starting cell concentrations (C(I)). We noticed that tau appeared to be distributed in two populations (bimodal) at low C(I). When C(I) <= 100 CFU mL(-1) (stationary phase cells in LB), we found that about 48% of the observed tau values were normally distributed around a mean (mu(tau 1)) of 18 +/- 0.68 min (+/- sigma(tau 1)) and 52% with mu(tau 2) = 20 +/- 2.5 min (n = 479). However, at higher starting cell densities (C(I)>100 CFU mL(-1)), the tau values were distributed unimodally (mu(tau) = 18 +/- 0.71 min; n = 174). Inclusion of a small amount of ethyl acetate to the LB caused a collapse of the bimodal to a unimodal form. Comparable bimodal tau distribution results were also observed using E. coli cells diluted from mid-log phase cultures. Similar results were also obtained when using either an E. coli O157:H7 or a Citrobacter strain. When sterile-filtered LB supernatants, which formerly contained relatively low concentrations of bacteria(1,000-10,000 CFU mL(-1)), were employed as a diluent, there was an evident shift of the two populations towards each other but the bimodal effect was still apparent using either stationary or log phase cells. Conclusion: These data argue that there is a dependence of growth rate on starting cell density. C1 [Irwin, Peter L.; Nguyen, Ly-Huong T.; Paoli, George C.; Chen, Chin-Yi] ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Irwin, PL (reprint author), ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM peter.irwin@ars.usda.gov FU ARS [1935-42000-058-00 D] FX All funding was from ARS base funds associated with Current Research Information System (CRIS) Project Number 1935-42000-058-00 D (Integrated Biosensor-Based Processes for Multipathogenic Analyte Detection). NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 13 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD AUG 2 PY 2010 VL 10 AR 207 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-10-207 PG 14 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 649VJ UT WOS:000281802700001 PM 20678197 ER PT J AU Cen, HY Lu, RF AF Cen, Haiyan Lu, Renfu TI Optimization of the hyperspectral imaging-based spatially-resolved system for measuring the optical properties of biological materials SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID STATE DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE; NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; STEADY-STATE; WAVELENGTH RANGE; ABSORPTION PROPERTIES; MULTILAYERED TISSUES; BREAST-TISSUE; TURBID MEDIA; HUMAN SKIN; SCATTERING AB This paper reports on the optimization and assessment of a hyperspectral imaging-based spatially-resolved system for determination of the optical properties of biological materials over the wavelengths of 5001,000 nm. Twelve model samples covering a wide range of absorption and reduced scattering coefficients were created to validate the hyperspectral imaging system, and their true values of absorption and reduced scattering coefficients were determined and then cross-validated using three commonly used methods (i.e., transmittance, integrating sphere, and empirical equation). Light beam and source-detector distance were optimized through Monte Carlo simulations and experiments for the model samples. The optimal light beam should be of Gaussian type with the diameter of less than 1 mm, and the optimal minimum and maximum source-detector distance should be 1.5 mm and 10-20 mean free paths, respectively. The optimized hyperspectral imaging-based spatially-resolved system achieved good estimation of the optical parameters. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America C1 [Cen, Haiyan] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Lu, Renfu] Michigan State Univ, ARS, USDA, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Cen, HY (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, 105A Farrall Hall, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM renfu.lu@ars.usda.gov RI Cen, Haiyan/F-2633-2010 FU USDA [3635-43000-004-00D] FX This research was conducted as a part of the USDA ARS inhouse CRIS project 3635-43000-004-00D "Technologies for Assessing and Grading Cucumbers and Tree Fruits". The authors thank Dr. Ariana Diwan and Mr. Benjamin Bailey for providing technical support in the system setup. NR 40 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 13 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD AUG 2 PY 2010 VL 18 IS 16 BP 17412 EP 17432 DI 10.1364/OE.18.017412 PG 21 WC Optics SC Optics GA 640IB UT WOS:000281042400114 PM 20721128 ER PT J AU Rittenhouse, CD Pidgeon, AM Albright, TP Culbert, PD Clayton, MK Flather, CH Huang, CQ Masek, JG Stewart, SI Radeloff, VC AF Rittenhouse, Chadwick D. Pidgeon, Anna M. Albright, Thomas P. Culbert, Patrick D. Clayton, Murray K. Flather, Curtis H. Huang, Chengquan Masek, Jeffrey G. Stewart, Susan I. Radeloff, Volker C. TI Conservation of Forest Birds: Evidence of a Shifting Baseline in Community Structure SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SPECIES RICHNESS; NESTING SUCCESS; MIGRATORY BIRDS; LAND-USE; LANDSCAPE; FRAGMENTATION; HABITAT; DYNAMICS; BIODIVERSITY; ABUNDANCE AB Background: Quantifying changes in forest bird diversity is an essential task for developing effective conservation actions. When subtle changes in diversity accumulate over time, annual comparisons may offer an incomplete perspective of changes in diversity. In this case, progressive change, the comparison of changes in diversity from a baseline condition, may offer greater insight because changes in diversity are assessed over longer periods of times. Our objectives were to determine how forest bird diversity has changed over time and whether those changes were associated with forest disturbance. Methodology/Principal Findings: We used North American Breeding Bird Survey data, a time series of Landsat images classified with respect to land cover change, and mixed-effects models to associate changes in forest bird community structure with forest disturbance, latitude, and longitude in the conterminous United States for the years 1985 to 2006. We document a significant divergence from the baseline structure for all birds of similar migratory habit and nest location, and all forest birds as a group from 1985 to 2006. Unexpectedly, decreases in progressive similarity resulted from small changes in richness (<1 species per route for the 22-year study period) and modest losses in abundance (-28.7--10.2 individuals per route) that varied by migratory habit and nest location. Forest disturbance increased progressive similarity for Neotropical migrants, permanent residents, ground nesting, and cavity nesting species. We also documented highest progressive similarity in the eastern United States. Conclusions/Significance: Contemporary forest bird community structure is changing rapidly over a relatively short period of time (e.g., similar to 22 years). Forest disturbance and forest regeneration are primary factors associated with contemporary forest bird community structure, longitude and latitude are secondary factors, and forest loss is a tertiary factor. Importantly, these findings suggest some regions of the United States may already fall below the habitat amount threshold where fragmentation effects become important predictors of forest bird community structure. C1 [Rittenhouse, Chadwick D.; Pidgeon, Anna M.; Albright, Thomas P.; Culbert, Patrick D.; Radeloff, Volker C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Clayton, Murray K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Stat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Flather, Curtis H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Huang, Chengquan] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Masek, Jeffrey G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Stewart, Susan I.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL USA. RP Rittenhouse, CD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM cdrittenhous@wisc.edu RI Masek, Jeffrey/D-7673-2012; Rittenhouse, Chadwick/G-7169-2012; Radeloff, Volker/B-6124-2016; Flather, Curtis/G-3577-2012; OI Radeloff, Volker/0000-0001-9004-221X; Flather, Curtis/0000-0002-0623-3126; Huang, Chengquan/0000-0003-0055-9798 FU NASA [NNX07AL14G] FX The NASA Biodiversity Program and Interdisciplinary Sciences Program (grant #NNX07AL14G) supported this work. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 54 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 30 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 2 PY 2010 VL 5 IS 8 AR e11938 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0011938 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 633RA UT WOS:000280520400015 PM 20689854 ER PT J AU Hull, JM Fish, AM Keane, JJ Mori, SR Sacks, BN Hull, AC AF Hull, Joshua M. Fish, Allen M. Keane, John J. Mori, Sylvia R. Sacks, Benjamin N. Hull, Angus C. TI Estimation of Species Identification Error: Implications for Raptor Migration Counts and Trend Estimation SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Accipiter cooperii; Accipiter striatus; California; Cooper's hawk; error; hawk count; identification; migration; monitoring; sharp-shinned hawk ID POPULATION TRENDS; SWEDEN AB One of the primary assumptions associated with many wildlife and population trend studies is that target species are correctly identified. This assumption may not always be valid, particularly for species similar in appearance to co-occurring species. We examined size overlap and identification error rates among Cooper's (Accipiter cooperii) and sharp-shinned (A. striatus) hawks specific to a raptor migration count station along the Pacific Coast of North America. Illustrating the difficulty of distinguishing between these 2 species, we found overlap in 7 metrics among species-sex groups and in 2 metrics between species, and a principal components analysis revealed a continuum of discrete clusters for each species-sex combination in morphospace. Among juvenile hawks (n = 940), we found the greatest misidentification rate for male Cooper's hawks (23% of the 156 males were identified as sharp-shinned), lesser error rates for female Cooper's (8%, n = 339) and female sharp-shinned (6%, n = 246), and the lowest misidentification rate for male sharp-shinned hawks (0%, n = 199). We observed a similar pattern of misidentification among adult hawks (n = 48). We attempted to use conditional probabilities (identification rates) from calibration data to calculate the true number of adult and juvenile Cooper's hawks and sharp-shinned hawks. Discrepancies between total number of observed accipiters and estimated number using calibration data suggest that daily observer misclassification rates are higher than misclassification rates estimated from calibration data and prevent correction of the raw data. Our results illustrate the importance of testing for and quantifying observer error in species identification in wildlife census and population trend studies particularly when target species may be easily confused with other nontarget species. C1 [Hull, Joshua M.; Fish, Allen M.; Hull, Angus C.] Golden Gate Raptor Observ, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA. [Keane, John J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Mori, Sylvia R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Sacks, Benjamin N.] Univ Calif Davis, Vet Genet Lab, Canid Divers & Conservat Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Sacks, Benjamin N.] Calif State Univ Sacramento, Dept Biol Sci, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. RP Hull, JM (reprint author), Golden Gate Raptor Observ, Bldg 1064, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA. EM bhull@parksconservancy.org FU GGRO; Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy; National Park Service FX The GGRO's Accipiter Identification Study was a 13-year cooperative effort among hundreds of volunteer banders and hawk counters. We are grateful to these volunteers for putting their interest in collecting the best possible data ahead of being correct all the time. We owe particular thanks to the count and banding leaders who took time from their full days to engage their teams in our study. K. Swenson, K. Rippens, and K. Ostrom contributed to initiation of our study in 1994. M. B. McEachern, J. Petersen, R. Simmons, and M. Stephens provided valuable comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. This analysis was partially supported by GGRO's DAP Fund. The GGRO is sponsored by the Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy and the National Park Service. This is contribution number 67 from GGRO. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 74 IS 6 BP 1326 EP 1334 DI 10.2193/2009-255 PG 9 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 630ZT UT WOS:000280316700019 ER PT J AU Wilson, RR Hooten, MB Strobel, BN Shivik, JA AF Wilson, Ryan R. Hooten, Mevin B. Strobel, Bradley N. Shivik, John A. TI Accounting for Individuals, Uncertainty, and Multiscale Clustering in Core Area Estimation SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Bayesian; bobcat; boundary estimation; clustering; core area; coyote; home range; point pattern analysis; red-shouldered hawk; space-use patterns ID POINT PATTERN-ANALYSIS; HOME-RANGE; ANIMAL MOVEMENTS; COYOTES; SELECTION; ECOLOGY; PACKAGE; SPACE AB Core areas are important descriptors of animal space-use patterns, but current estimation methods rely on arbitrary rules and potentially lead to imprecise or erroneous area estimates. We proposed a Bayesian statistical model that incorporates an individual-based method for estimating core area boundaries. The model accounts for boundary uncertainty and multiple scales of clustering by partitioning a home range into >= 2 completely spatially random point patterns defined by a kernel density isopleth. We used data from coyotes (Canis latrans), bobcats (Lynx rufus), and red-shouldered hawks (Buteo lineatus) to estimate core areas for individual animals. We also estimated core areas from simulated point patterns with known boundaries, varying numbers of points, and relative densities of points inside core areas, and compared estimates to those obtained using the 50% isopleth. Optimal isopleths for the empirical data ranged between 18.7% and 71.5%. We found no species-specific range of core area isopleths. Across all simulated scenarios, our method outperformed the 50% isopleth-based estimate, which consistently overestimated core areas. Minta overlap values were 20-40% higher across all scenarios for our method compared to the 50% isopleth. Minta overlap values were >75% in 90% of scenarios using our method. Objectively estimating core areas using our individual-based method may lead to improved inference about which behavioral and ecological processes underlie observed space-use patterns because of greater estimate precision. C1 [Wilson, Ryan R.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Hooten, Mevin B.] Utah State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Strobel, Bradley N.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Shivik, John A.] Utah State Univ, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Wilson, RR (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM ryan.wilson@aggiemail.usu.edu OI Wilson, Ryan/0000-0001-7740-7771 FU Welder Wildlife Foundation; American Society of Mammalogists; American Wildlife Conservation Foundation; Houston Safari Club; United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center; United States Geological Survey FX T. L. Blankenship and S. N. Glasscock provided valuable discussion during the development of the manuscript. The staff of the Welder Wildlife Foundation provided support throughout. We thank C. Haralson-Strobel, P. Darrow, S. Meggers, C. Burnett, J. Williams, O. Chan, K. Nelson, N. Cook, and C. Kveton for assistance in data collection. J. Bissonette, W. Link, J. Ver Hoef, and S. Strickler provided valuable comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. Funding was provided by the Welder Wildlife Foundation, American Society of Mammalogists, American Wildlife Conservation Foundation, Houston Safari Club, United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center, and United States Geological Survey. All research was approved by the Utah State University and Texas Tech University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees. This is Welder Wildlife Foundation contribution no. 689. NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 74 IS 6 BP 1343 EP 1352 DI 10.2193/2009-438 PG 10 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 630ZT UT WOS:000280316700021 ER PT J AU Vercauteren, KC Vandeelen, TR Lavelle, MJ Hall, WH AF Vercauteren, Kurt C. Vandeelen, Timothy R. Lavelle, Michael J. Hall, Wayne H. TI Assessment of Abilities of White-Tailed Deer to Jump Fences SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE containment; exclusion; fence; jumping; Odocoileus virginianus; white-tailed deer; Wisconsin ID DISEASE TRANSMISSION; LINE CONTACT; NETTING DEER; TUBERCULOSIS; MANAGEMENT; MICHIGAN; CERVIDS; DAMAGE; WILD AB There is a need for insight into fence heights required for impeding white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). We evaluated the ability of wild-caught deer to jump progressively taller fences and documented deterrence rates of 0% for fences <= 1.5 m followed by increasing deterrence rates of 14% at 1.8 m, 85% at 2.1 m, and 100% at 2.4 m. We documented 100% deterrence rates during 5 additional experiments with different deer and the test fence at 2.4 m, a common height of fences at captive deer facilities. Our results will be valuable to those managing spread of wildlife diseases, deer-vehicle collisions, and agricultural damage. C1 [Vercauteren, Kurt C.; Lavelle, Michael J.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Vandeelen, Timothy R.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hall, Wayne H.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Wisconsin Rapids, WI 54494 USA. RP Vercauteren, KC (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM kurt.c.vercauteren@aphis.usda.gov NR 25 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 74 IS 6 BP 1378 EP 1381 DI 10.2193/2008-463 PG 4 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 630ZT UT WOS:000280316700025 ER PT J AU Carabello, RJ Reid, KF Clark, DJ Phillips, EM Fielding, RA AF Carabello, Robert J. Reid, Kieran F. Clark, David J. Phillips, Edward M. Fielding, Roger A. TI Lower extremity strength and power asymmetry assessment in healthy and mobility-limited populations: reliability and association with physical functioning SO AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Asymmetry; mobility-limited; power; reliability; strength ID OLDER WOMEN; MUSCLE STRENGTH; QUADRICEPS STRENGTH; PERFORMANCE BATTERY; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; HIP FRACTURE; DISABILITY; PAIN; ARTHROPLASTY; LIMITATION AB Background and aims: This study assessed the reliability of evaluating asymmetrical strength and power deficits in the lower limbs of healthy middle-aged, healthy older and mobility-limited elders. We also explored the relationship between limb asymmetry and physical functioning. Methods: We evaluated baseline knee extension strength and power asymmetry data from a cohort of older adults (n=57; 74.2+/-0.9 yrs, 26 male) who participated in a lower body strength training study (TS) and from a cross-sectional study of community dwelling volunteers. Cross-sectional participants were recruited into: healthy middle-aged (MH) (n=31; 47.4+/-4.8 yrs, 14 male), healthy older (OH) (n=28; 74.0+/-3.6 yrs, 16 male) and mobility-limited older (OML) (n=34; 77.8+/-4.5 yrs, 16 male) groups. Knee extensor strength (1RM) and power asymmetry at 40% and 70% of 1RM were evaluated for test-retest reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Results: Knee extension 1RM, and peak power at 40% and 70% asymmetry ICCs exhibited excellent to good reliability in the TS and OML groups (TS= 0.8, 0.7 and 0.7, respectively; OML= 0.7, 0.7, and 0.9, respectively) but not in the MH and OH groups. No consistent association between lower limb asymmetry and measures of physical functioning was observed. Conclusions: Assessment of lower limb strength and power asymmetry is more reliable in mobility-limited elders when compared to healthy middle-aged and older subjects. The relationship of lower limb asymmetry to physical functioning is poor, in contrast to associations between the absolute strength and power of the individual limbs and physical functioning. (Aging Clin Exp Res 2010; 22: 324-329) (C) 2010, Editrice Kurtis C1 [Carabello, Robert J.; Reid, Kieran F.; Phillips, Edward M.; Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Phillips, Edward M.; Fielding, Roger A.] Boston Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Sargent Coll Hlth & Rehabil, Human Physiol Lab, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Phillips, Edward M.; Fielding, Roger A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Spaulding Rehabil Hosp, Boston, MA USA. [Clark, David J.] Malcom Randall VA Med Ctr, Brain Rehabil Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. [Clark, David J.] Univ Florida, Dept Phys Therapy, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Fielding, RA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM roger.fielding@tufts.edu RI Clark, David/A-4916-2013 FU National Institute on Aging (NIA) [AG18844]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-7-707]; Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center [1P30AG031679] FX This work was supported by the National Institute on Aging (NIA) grant number AG18844 and this work is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 58-1950-7-707. This research was also supported by the Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (1P30AG031679). Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 6 PU EDITRICE KURTIS S R L PI MILAN PA VIA LUIGI ZOJA 30, 20153 MILAN, ITALY SN 1594-0667 J9 AGING CLIN EXP RES JI Aging Clin. Exp. Res. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 22 IS 4 BP 324 EP 329 DI 10.3275/6676 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 697ET UT WOS:000285496100008 PM 19940556 ER PT J AU Zylstra, KE Dodds, KJ Francese, JA Mastro, V AF Zylstra, Kelley E. Dodds, Kevin J. Francese, Joseph A. Mastro, Victor TI Sirex noctilio in North America: the effect of stem-injection timing on the attractiveness and suitability of trap trees SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Detection; girdling; Hymenoptera; invasive species; Pinus; Sirex noctilio; Siricidae; survey; trap trees ID PINUS RADIATA; SOUTH-AFRICA; SIRICIDAE; HYMENOPTERA; PEST AB Sirex noctilio Fabricius, an invasive woodwasp responsible for severe economic damage to pine industries in the southern hemisphere, is now established in the northeastern U.S.A. and portions of eastern Canada. Parts of North America are considered to be high risk for S. noctilio invasion. Effective detection tools, including trap trees, are needed to monitor and survey S. noctilio populations. The present study was conducted to determine the optimal time to chemically stress a tree when aiming to attract the most S. noctilio to the host substrate, as well as to determine which timing produced the most adult progeny. Both of these measures (host attraction and host suitability for development) support the main objectives of the study by offering improved methods for monitoring and management of S. noctilio. Red pine (Pinus resinosa) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) were treated with Dicamba at three time intervals. Multiple funnel lindgren traps were placed on these trees and, at the end of the flight season, the treatment trees were felled and brought into the laboratory. The number of S. noctilio caught in the traps (host attraction) and the number of S. noctilio emerged from the treated trees (host suitability) were determined. Optimal timing of the chemical girdle was dependent on host species. Significantly more female S. noctilio were captured on trap trees prepared 1 month before flight (red pine and Scots pine) or prepared at flight (Scots pine) compared with other treatments. There were also significantly more females reared from Scots pine trap trees prepared at flight and red pine trap trees prepared 1 month before and/or at flight. By the beginning of August, most (79%) of the S. noctilio for the flight season were caught in the traps at the trap trees. The sex ratio (males : females) was closer to 1 : 1 than previously reported in studies from other countries. The results obtained in the present study demonstrate that timing is important when creating a trap tree with herbicide in North America, whether for the purpose of detection or as part of a biological control effort. C1 [Zylstra, Kelley E.] USDA APHIS PPQ, N Syracuse, NY 13212 USA. [Dodds, Kevin J.] US Forest Serv, NE Area State & Private Forestry, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Francese, Joseph A.; Mastro, Victor] USDA APHIS PPQ, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. RP Zylstra, KE (reprint author), USDA APHIS PPQ, 374 No Lights Dr, N Syracuse, NY 13212 USA. EM kelley.e.zylstra@aphis.usda.gov NR 23 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1461-9555 J9 AGR FOREST ENTOMOL JI Agric. For. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 12 IS 3 BP 243 EP 250 DI 10.1111/j.1461-9563.2010.00476.x PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 623EZ UT WOS:000279722400004 ER PT J AU Green, TR Yu, QA Ma, LW Wang, TD AF Green, Timothy R. Yu, Qiang Ma, Liwang Wang, Tian-Duo TI Crop water use efficiency at multiple scales Preface SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material AB Food security is an issue of global concern, which is tightly linked with water supply issues as regional demands for water are dominated by agricultural water use. This special issue of Agricultural Water Management focuses on crop-water use in China, especially in the North China Plain (NCP) and Loess Plateau and surrounding areas, where intensive agriculture (e.g., wheat-maize double cropping) with limited water is practiced to meet the large demand for grains. Such intensive agriculture raises concerns for agricultural sustainability due to limited water supply and effects on water quality, which may be aggravated by projected climate change and its variability across the region and over time. Addressing these issues requires basic understanding of crop-water relationships in water-limited agricultural systems, methods to quantify water demand and actual crop-water use over multiple scales, and strategies to improve water use efficiency (WUE, or water productivity). Advances in crop breeding (selection) and agronomic management, such as irrigation and nutrient management, and tools to assess and improve WUE at multiple scales are addressed for a range of cropping systems in China. Water supplies within a basin (regional scale) must be managed in view of the patterns of water demand in space and time determined by soil and climatic conditions. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Green, Timothy R.; Ma, Liwang] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Yu, Qiang] Univ Technol Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia. [Yu, Qiang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wang, Tian-Duo] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Plant Physiol & Ecol, Shanghai, Peoples R China. RP Green, TR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, 2150-D Ctr Ave,Suite 200, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM tim.green@ars.usda.gov RI Green, Timothy/E-1178-2011; Yu, Qiang/D-3702-2009 OI Yu, Qiang/0000-0001-6950-1821 NR 13 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 97 IS 8 SI SI BP 1099 EP 1101 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2010.03.018 PG 3 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 614FY UT WOS:000279042000001 ER PT J AU Fang, QX Ma, L Green, TR Yu, Q Wang, TD Ahuja, LR AF Fang, Q. X. Ma, L. Green, T. R. Yu, Q. Wang, T. D. Ahuja, L. R. TI Water resources and water use efficiency in the North China Plain: Current status and agronomic management options SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Water deficit; Water use efficiency; Water production; Agronomic management; Systems modeling; North China Plain ID DOUBLE-CROPPING SYSTEM; ROOT-ZONE IRRIGATION; YELLOW-RIVER BASIN; REGULATED DEFICIT IRRIGATION; WINTER-WHEAT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; STRESS INDEX; REFERENCE EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; INSTITUTIONAL REFORM; SAVING AGRICULTURE AB Serious water deficits and deteriorating environmental quality are threatening agricultural sustainability in the North China Plain (NCP). This paper addresses spatial and temporal availability of water resources in the NCP, identifies the effects of soil management, irrigation timing and amounts, and crop genetic improvement on water use efficiency (WUE), and then discusses knowledge gaps and research priorities to further improve WUE. Enhanced irrigation and soil nutrient (mainly nitrogen) management are the focal issues in the NCP for enhancing WUE, which are shown to increase WUE by 10-25% in a wheat-maize double cropping system. Crop breeding has also contributed to increased of WUE and is expected to play an important role in the future as genetic and environmental interactions are understood better. Agricultural system models and remote sensing have been used to evaluate and improve current agronomic management practices for increasing WUE at field and regional scales. The low WUE in farmer's fields compared with well-managed experimental sites indicates that more efforts are needed to transfer water-saving technologies to the farmers. We also identified several knowledge gaps for further increasing WUE in the NCP by: (1) increasing scientific understanding of the effects of agronomic management on WUE across various soil and climate conditions; (2) quantifying the interaction between soil water and nitrogen in water-limited agriculture for improving both water and nitrogen-use efficiency; (3) improving irrigation practices (timing and amounts) based on real-time monitoring of water status in soil-crop systems; and (4) maximizing regional WUE by managing water resources and allocation at regional scales. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Fang, Q. X.] Qingdao Agr Univ, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Ma, L.; Green, T. R.; Ahuja, L. R.] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Yu, Q.] Univ Technol Sydney, Dept Environm Sci, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia. [Yu, Q.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100864, Peoples R China. [Wang, T. D.] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Plant Physiol & Ecol, Beijing 100864, Peoples R China. RP Fang, QX (reprint author), Qingdao Agr Univ, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM fangqx@igsnrr.ac.cn RI Green, Timothy/E-1178-2011; Yu, Qiang/D-3702-2009 OI Yu, Qiang/0000-0001-6950-1821 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30800164]; Promotional Research Fund for Excellent Young and Middle-aged Scientists of Shandong Province [BS2009NY003]; National Key Project of Scientific and Technical Supporting Programs [2006BAD21B02, 2006BAD21B04] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30800164), Promotional Research Fund for Excellent Young and Middle-aged Scientists of Shandong Province (No. BS2009NY003) and National Key Project of Scientific and Technical Supporting Programs (No. 2006BAD21B02 and 2006BAD21B04). We thank Professor Xi-Ying Zhang at Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology of CAS for her providing the groundwater table data at Luancheng. We are also grateful to the three anonymous reviewers and editor for their insightful comments on the manuscript. NR 172 TC 59 Z9 81 U1 9 U2 100 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 97 IS 8 SI SI BP 1102 EP 1116 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2010.01.008 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 614FY UT WOS:000279042000002 ER PT J AU Liu, W Zhang, XC Dang, TH Zhu, OY Li, Z Wang, J Wang, R Gao, CQ AF Liu, Wenzhao Zhang, X. -C. Dang, Tinghui Zhu Ouyang Li, Zhi Wang, Jun Wang, Rui Gao, Changqing TI Soil water dynamics and deep soil recharge in a record wet year in the southern Loess Plateau of China SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Soil water recharge; Eco-hydrology; Loess Plateau; Dryland farming ID CONVERSION AB Terrestrial water cycles are influenced by hydrologic and textural properties of the deep loess layer in the Loess Plateau. Analyses of soil water profile distributions are needed to understand the regional water cycle processes and to guide agricultural production and sustainability. The objective of this study was to quantify the extent of deep soil water recharge and soil water profile dynamics during 1987-2003, especially in a record wet year of 2003, in common cropping systems in a semiarid-subhumid region of the southern Loess Plateau. The Chinese Ecological Research Network (CERN) site and a long-term rotation experiment site in a flat tableland were selected for this study. Soil moisture profiles were measured by a neutron probe to a depth of 6 m in 2003. The precipitation of 954 mm at the Changwu County Meteorological Station in 2003 was 63.4% higher than the long-term average (584 mm), and was a record high since 1957. Although cropping systems affected deep soil water recharge, the persistent dry soil layer formed between 2- and 3-m depths in croplands, resulting from many years of intensive cropping, was fully replenished in all cropping systems in 2003. Further frequency analysis indicated that the desiccated layer between 2- and 3-m depths would be fully recharged at least once in about 10 years for all existing cropping systems excluding continuous alfalfa. This finding should alleviate concerns about the formation of a permanent deep-soil desiccation layer as well as its potential impact on the long-term sustainability of the existing intensive cropping systems in the region. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Wenzhao; Dang, Tinghui; Li, Zhi; Wang, Jun; Wang, Rui; Gao, Changqing] NW A&F Univ, Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhang, X. -C.] ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Zhu Ouyang] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jun] Northwest Univ, Sch Urban & Environm Sci, Xian 710127, Peoples R China. RP Liu, W (reprint author), NW A&F Univ, Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM wzliu@ms.iswc.ac.cn RI LI, ZHI/D-7204-2015 OI LI, ZHI/0000-0002-9268-6497 FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [kzcx2-yw-424]; Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University [IRT0749]; National Key Technology R&D Program of China [2006BAD09B09] FX This work was supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (no. kzcx2-yw-424), Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (no. IRT0749), and the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (no. 2006BAD09B09). The authors thank the reviewers of this paper and the guest editors for their useful comments and suggestions. NR 17 TC 34 Z9 56 U1 4 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 97 IS 8 SI SI BP 1133 EP 1138 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2010.01.001 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 614FY UT WOS:000279042000005 ER PT J AU Sun, HY Shen, YJ Yu, QA Flerchinger, GN Zhang, YQ Liu, CM Zhang, XY AF Sun, Hongyong Shen, Yanjun Yu, Qiang Flerchinger, Gerald N. Zhang, Yongqiang Liu, Changming Zhang, Xiying TI Effect of precipitation change on water balance and WUE of the winter wheat-summer maize rotation in the North China Plain SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Sustainable water management; Precipitation trend; Grain yield; Water use efficiency; North China Plain ID USE EFFICIENCY; IRRIGATION; YIELD; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; GROUNDWATER AB Limited precipitation restricts crop yield in the North China Plain, where high level of production depends largely on irrigation. Establishing the optimal irrigation scheduling according to the crop water requirement (CWR) and precipitation is the key factor to achieve rational water use. Precipitation data collected for about 40 years were employed to analyze the long-term trend, and weather data from 1984 to 2005 were used to estimate the CWR and irrigation water requirements (IWR). Field experiments were performed at the Luancheng Station from 1997 to 2005 to calculate the soil water consumption and water use efficiency (WUE). The results showed the CWR for winter wheat and summer maize were similar and about 430 mm, while the IWR ranged from 247 to 370 mm and 0 to 336 mm at the 25% and 75% precipitation exceedance probabilities for winter wheat and summer maize, respectively. The irrigation applied varied in the different rainfall years and the optimal irrigation amount was about 186, 161 and 99 mm for winter wheat and 134,88 and 0 mm for summer maize in the dry, normal and wet seasons, respectively. However, as precipitation reduces over time especially during the maize growing periods, development of water-saving management practices for sustainable agriculture into the future is imperative. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sun, Hongyong; Shen, Yanjun; Liu, Changming; Zhang, Xiying] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Ctr Agr Resources Res, Key Lab Agr Water Resources, Shijiazhuang 050021, Hebei, Peoples R China. [Yu, Qiang; Liu, Changming] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Flerchinger, Gerald N.] ARS, USDA, NW Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Zhang, Yongqiang] CSIRO Land & Water, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. RP Shen, YJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Ctr Agr Resources Res, Key Lab Agr Water Resources, Shijiazhuang 050021, Hebei, Peoples R China. EM yjshen@sjziam.ac.cn RI Zhang, Yongqiang/C-5708-2008; Shen, Yanjun/A-4630-2013; Yu, Qiang/D-3702-2009 OI Zhang, Yongqiang/0000-0002-3562-2323; Shen, Yanjun/0000-0002-2251-2889; Yu, Qiang/0000-0001-6950-1821 FU National Scientific and Technological Supporting Scheme [2007BAD69B04, 2008AA10Z215]; Chinese Academy of Sciences [KSCX1-YW-09-11, KZCX2-YW-448] FX This research was funded by the National Scientific and Technological Supporting Scheme (2007BAD69B04, 2008AA10Z215) and the Innovative Projects of Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX1-YW-09-11, KZCX2-YW-448). Many thanks go to Professors Chen Suying and Hu Chunsheng for their valuable advice. NR 20 TC 72 Z9 100 U1 6 U2 58 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 EI 1873-2283 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 97 IS 8 SI SI BP 1139 EP 1145 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2009.06.004 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 614FY UT WOS:000279042000006 ER PT J AU Li, L Nielsen, DC Yu, Q Ma, L Ahuja, LR AF Li, L. Nielsen, D. C. Yu, Q. Ma, L. Ahuja, L. R. TI Evaluating the Crop Water Stress Index and its correlation with latent heat and CO2 fluxes over winter wheat and maize in the North China plain SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Maize; Wheat; Water stress; Latent heat flux; CO2 flux; Infrared thermometry; Canopy temperature ID CANOPY TEMPERATURE; INFRARED THERMOMETRY; USE EFFICIENCY; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; BASE-LINES; TRANSPIRATION; IRRIGATION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; MODEL; SIMULATION AB Plant water status is a key factor impacting crop growth and agricultural water management. Crop water stress may alter canopy temperature, the energy balance, transpiration, photosynthesis, canopy water use efficiency, and crop yield. The objective of this study was to calculate the Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) from canopy temperature and energy balance measurements and evaluate the utility of CWSI to quantify water stress by comparing CWSI to latent heat and carbon dioxide (CO2) flux measurements over canopies of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L) and summer maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment was conducted at the Yucheng Integrated Agricultural Experimental Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences from 2003 to 2005. Latent heat and CO2 fluxes (by eddy covariance), canopy and air temperature, relative humidity, net radiation, wind speed, and soil heat flux were averaged at half-hour intervals. Leaf area index and crop height were measured every 7 days. CWSI was calculated from measured canopy-air temperature differences using the Jackson method. Under high net radiation conditions (greater than 500 W m(-2)), calculated values of minimum canopy-air temperature differences were similar to previously published empirically determined non-water-stressed baselines. Valid measures of CWSI were only obtained when canopy closure minimized the influence of viewed soil on infrared canopy temperature measurements (leaf area index was greater than 2.5 m(2) m(-2)). Wheat and maize latent heat flux and canopy CO2 flux generally decreased linearly with increases in CWSI when net radiation levels were greater than 300 W m(-2). The responses of latent heat flux and CO2 flux to CWSI did not demonstrate a consistent relationship in wheat that would recommend it as a reliable water stress quantification tool. The responses of latent heat flux and CO2 flux to CWSI were more consistent in maize, suggesting that CWSI could be useful in identifying and quantifying water stress conditions when net radiation was greater than 300 W m(-2). The results suggest that CWSI calculated by the Jackson method under varying solar radiation and wind speed conditions may be used for irrigation scheduling and agricultural water management of maize in irrigated agricultural regions, such as the North China Plain. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Nielsen, D. C.] ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, USDA, No Plains Area, Akron, CO 80720 USA. [Li, L.; Yu, Q.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Ma, L.; Ahuja, L. R.] ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Nielsen, DC (reprint author), ARS, Cent Great Plains Res Stn, USDA, No Plains Area, 40335 Cty Rd GG, Akron, CO 80720 USA. EM David.Nielsen@ars.usda.gov RI Li, Longhui/C-7214-2013; Yu, Qiang/D-3702-2009; Nielsen, David/A-8044-2009 OI Yu, Qiang/0000-0001-6950-1821; li, long hui/0000-0002-2099-6744; Nielsen, David/0000-0002-8240-7183 NR 39 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 97 IS 8 SI SI BP 1146 EP 1155 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2008.09.015 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 614FY UT WOS:000279042000007 ER PT J AU Fang, Q Ma, L Yu, Q Ahuja, LR Malone, RW Hoogenboom, G AF Fang, Q. Ma, L. Yu, Q. Ahuja, L. R. Malone, R. W. Hoogenboom, G. TI Irrigation strategies to improve the water use efficiency of wheat-maize double cropping systems in North China Plain SO AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE RZWQM; DSSAT; Irrigation management; Agricultural system models; Water use efficiency ID WINTER-WHEAT; NITROGEN; RZWQM; YIELD; MODEL; MANAGEMENT; GROWTH AB Water is the most important limiting factor of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) double cropping systems in the North China Plain (NCP). A two-year experiment with four irrigation levels based on crop growth stages was used to calibrate and validate RZWQM2, a hybrid model that combines the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM) and DSSAT4.0. The calibrated model was then used to investigate various irrigation strategies for high yield and water use efficiency (WUE) using weather data from 1961 to 1999. The model simulated soil moisture, crop yield, above-ground biomass and WUE in responses to irrigation schedules well, with root mean square errors (RMSEs) of 0.029 cm(3) cm(-3), 0.59 Mg ha(-1), 2.05 Mg ha(-1), and 0.19 kg m(-3), respectively, for wheat; and 0.027 cm(3) cm(-3), 0.71 Mg ha(-1), 1.51 Mg ha(-1) and 0.35 kg m(-3), respectively, for maize. WUE increased with the amount of irrigation applied during the dry growing season of 2001-2002, but was less sensitive to irrigation during the wet season of 2002-2003. Long-term simulation using weather data from 1961 to 1999 showed that initial soil water at planting was adequate (at 82% of crop available water) for wheat establishment due to the high rainfall during the previous maize season. Preseason irrigation for wheat commonly practiced by local farmers should be postponed to the most sensitive growth stage (stem extension) for higher yield and WUE in the area. Preseason irrigation for maize is needed in 40% of the years. With limited irrigation available (100, 150, 200, or 250 mm per year), 80% of the water allocated to the critical wheat growth stages and 20% applied at maize planting achieved the highest WUE and the least water drainage overall for the two crops. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ma, L.; Ahuja, L. R.] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Fang, Q.] Qingdao Agr Univ, Qingdao, Peoples R China. [Yu, Q.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Malone, R. W.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hoogenboom, G.] Univ Georgia, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Griffin, GA USA. RP Ma, L (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM Liwang.Ma@ars.usda.gov RI Hoogenboom, Gerrit/F-3946-2010; Yu, Qiang/D-3702-2009 OI Hoogenboom, Gerrit/0000-0002-1555-0537; Yu, Qiang/0000-0001-6950-1821 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30800164]; National Key Project of Scientific and Technical Supporting Programs [2006BAD21B04] FX This work was jointly financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30800164) and National Key Project of Scientific and Technical Supporting Programs (No. 2006BAD21B04). NR 33 TC 56 Z9 72 U1 7 U2 61 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3774 J9 AGR WATER MANAGE JI Agric. Water Manage. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 97 IS 8 SI SI BP 1165 EP 1174 DI 10.1016/j.agwat.2009.02.012 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA 614FY UT WOS:000279042000009 ER PT J AU Meyer, SE Nelson, DL Clement, S Ramakrishnan, A AF Meyer, Susan E. Nelson, David L. Clement, Suzette Ramakrishnan, Alisa TI ECOLOGICAL GENETICS OF THE BROMUS TECTORUM (POACEAE)-USTILAGO BULLATA (USTILAGINACEAE) PATHOSYSTEM: A ROLE FOR FREQUENCY-DEPENDENT SELECTION? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE balanced polymorphism; Bromus tectorum; cheatgrass; frequency-dependent selection; gene-for-gene model; head smut disease; Poaceae; resistance; Ustilaginaceae; Ustilago bullata; virulence ID LOCAL ADAPTATION; USTILAGO-BULLATA; LINUM-MARGINALE; MELAMPSORA-LINI; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; SPATIAL SCALE; RESISTANCE; HOST; EVOLUTION; VIRULENCE AB Premise of the study : Evolutionary processes that maintain genetic diversity in plants are likely to include selection imposed by pathogens. Negative frequency-dependent selection is a mechanism for maintenance of resistance polymorphism in plant pathogen interactions. We explored whether such selection operates in the Bromus tectorum -Ustilago bullata pathosystem. Gene-for-gene relationships between resistance and avirulence loci have been demonstrated for this pathosystem. Methods : We used molecular markers and cross-inoculation trials to learn whether the SSR genotypes of the host exhibited resistance to co-occurring pathogen races, whether host genotypes within a population had equal disease probability, and whether a common resistance locus and its corresponding avirulence locus exhibited predicted allele frequency changes during an epidemic. Key results : Five of six putative resistance loci that conferred resistance to co-occurring pathogen races occurred in common host SSR genotypes. Some common genotypes within populations were more likely to be diseased than others, and genotype frequencies sometimes changed across years in patterns consistent with frequency-dependent selection. Observed changes in frequency of resistance and virulence alleles during an epidemic provided further support, but evidence was inconclusive. Conclusions : Frequency-dependent selection may operate at endemic disease levels in this pathosystem, but is difficult to detect because many susceptible plants escape infection. Most pathogen isolates were virulent on most host genotypes, minimizing the apparent importance of frequency-dependent selection even during epidemics. C1 [Meyer, Susan E.; Nelson, David L.; Clement, Suzette] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT 84606 USA. [Ramakrishnan, Alisa] Portland State Univ, Dept Biol, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Meyer, SE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, 735 North 500 East, Provo, UT 84606 USA. EM smeyer@fs.fed.us FU USDA CSREES National Research Initiative [98-35303-6957, 2000-35319-09920]; Idaho Army National Guard FX The authors gratefully acknowledge funding through grants from the USDA CSREES National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program (98-35303-6957 from Plant Pathology and 2000-35319-09920 from Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions), as well as substantial financial assistance from the Idaho Army National Guard. The authors thank B. Schultz for drafting Figure 1. NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 11 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 97 IS 8 BP 1304 EP 1312 DI 10.3732/ajb.0900261 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 633EH UT WOS:000280481800007 PM 21616883 ER PT J AU Espeland, EK O'Farrell, MR AF Espeland, Erin K. O'Farrell, Michael R. TI SMALL VARIANCE IN GROWTH RATES IN ANNUAL PLANTS HAS LARGE EFFECTS ON GENETIC DRIFT SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE annual plants; conservation genetics; effective population size; growth rate variance; variance N(e) ID EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; REPRODUCTIVE ALLOCATION; LIFE-HISTORY; CLONAL PLANT; VARIABILITY; COMPETITION; INDIVIDUALS; HIERARCHIES; PLASTICITY; SELECTION AB Premise of the Study: Effective population size (N(e)) is a critical index of the evolutionary capacity of populations. Low N(e) indicates that standing genetic diversity is susceptible to loss via stochastic processes (and inbreeding) and is, therefore, unavailable for natural selection to act upon. Reported N(e) in plant populations is often quite low. What biological and ecological factors might produce such low N(e)? Methods: We conducted a simulation model to test the effect of randomly assigned and autocorrelated growth rates of annual plants on plant-size distributions at the end of the growing season. Because plant size is directly correlated with reproductive output in annual plants, variation in plant size reflects variation in reproduction, and thus our modeled size distributions can be used to estimate N(e). Key Results: Randomly assigned growth rates had a negligble effect on N(e)/N. Autocorrelated growth rates decreased N(e)/N as the length of the growing season increased. This was the case even when the variance in growth rates was as low as 0.1% of the mean. Conclusions: While intrinsic plant biology can affect the degree of growth autocorrelation, ecological factors such as competition, herbivory, and abiotic stress can increase or decrease levels of growth autocorrelation. Ecological factors that increase growth autocorrelation can have significant effects on genetic drift within populations. C1 [Espeland, Erin K.; O'Farrell, Michael R.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [O'Farrell, Michael R.] NOAA, Fisheries Ecol Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. RP Espeland, EK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Lab, Pest Management Unit, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM erin.espeland@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 11 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 97 IS 8 BP 1407 EP 1411 DI 10.3732/ajb.1000006 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 633EH UT WOS:000280481800016 PM 21616892 ER PT J AU Chung, M Balk, EM Ip, S Lee, J Terasawa, T Raman, G Trikalinos, T Lichtenstein, AH Lau, J AF Chung, Mei Balk, Ethan M. Ip, Stanley Lee, Jounghee Terasawa, Teruhiko Raman, Gowri Trikalinos, Thomas Lichtenstein, Alice H. Lau, Joseph TI Systematic review to support the development of nutrient reference intake values: challenges and solutions SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article AB Workshops sponsored by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) and the World Health Organization suggested that incorporating systematic (evidence) reviews into the process of updating nutrient reference values would provide a comprehensive and distilled evidence document to decision makers and enhance the transparency of the decision-making process the IOM used in recommending the Dietary Reference Intake values (DRIs) for US and Canadian populations. At the request of the US and Canadian government sponsors of the ongoing review of the 1997 vitamin D and calcium DRI values, the Tufts Evidence-based Practice Center performed a systematic review for the current DRI Committee to use early in its deliberations. We described the approach used to include systematic review into the IOM process for updating nutrient reference values and highlighted major challenges encountered along with the solutions used. The challenges stemmed from the need to review and synthesize a large number of primary studies covering a broad range of outcomes. We resolved these challenges by 1) working with a technical expert panel to prioritize and select outcomes of interest, 2) developing methods to use existing systematic reviews and documenting the limitations by doing so, 3) translating results from studies not designed to address issues of interest by using a transparent process, and 4) establishing tailored quality-assessment tools to assist in decision making. The experiences described in this article can serve as a basis for future improvements in systematic reviews of nutrients and to better integrate systematic review into development of future nutrient reference values. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 92: 273-6. C1 [Chung, Mei; Balk, Ethan M.; Ip, Stanley; Lee, Jounghee; Terasawa, Teruhiko; Raman, Gowri; Trikalinos, Thomas; Lichtenstein, Alice H.; Lau, Joseph] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Tufts Evidence Based Practice Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lichtenstein, Alice H.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Chung, Mei; Lichtenstein, Alice H.; Lau, Joseph] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Lau, J (reprint author), Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Tufts Evidence Based Practice Ctr, Box 63,800 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jlau1@tuftsmedicalcenter.org FU Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, US Department of Health and Human Services [290-2007-10055-I]; NIH Office of Dietary Supplements; Public Health Agency of Canada; Health Canada; USDA; National Center for Research Resources [U54 RR023562] FX Supported by contract no. 290-2007-10055-I from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, US Department of Health and Human Services, with funding from the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements, the Public Health Agency of Canada, Health Canada, and the USDA. Additional funding provided by National Center for Research Resources grant no. U54 RR023562 to the Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute. NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 92 IS 2 BP 273 EP 276 DI 10.3945/ajcn.2009.29092 PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 628UZ UT WOS:000280149700003 PM 20504974 ER PT J AU Kurpad, AV Dwarkanath, P Thomas, T Mhaskar, A Thomas, A Mhaskar, R Jahoor, F AF Kurpad, Anura V. Dwarkanath, Pratibha Thomas, Tinku Mhaskar, Arun Thomas, Annamma Mhaskar, Rita Jahoor, Farook TI Comparison of leucine and dispensable amino acid kinetics between Indian women with low or normal body mass indexes during pregnancy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN; METABOLISM; NITROGEN; BIRTH; OXIDATION; GLUTAMINE; ALANINE; WEIGHT; ENERGY; MEN AB Background: Evidence suggests that in women with a normal to high body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)), the extra amino acids needed during pregnancy are met through reduced oxidation. It is not known whether a woman with a low BMI can make this adaptation successfully. Objective: The objective was to measure and compare leucine kinetic parameters and alanine-nitrogen, glutamine amide-nitrogen, and glycine and cysteine fluxes in Indian women with a low and normal BMI in early and midpregnancy. Design: Fasted-and fed-state kinetics were measured by infusing 1-[(13)C] leucine, [(2)H(2)] cysteine, [(2)H(2)] glycine, [5-(15)N] glutamine, and [(15)N] alanine in groups of 10 women with a low BMI (<18.5) and 10 women with a normal BMI (18.5-25) in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Results: Leucine, glutamine, glycine, and cysteine fluxes were faster in women with a low BMI in both trimesters, but there was no difference in alanine flux between groups. This difference was explained in the first trimester by a higher proportion of fat-free mass in low-BMI women. Leucine oxidation and percentage of dietary leucine oxidized were higher in low-BMI women in both trimesters, but nonoxidative disposal was not different between groups. Conclusions: Although they use dietary protein less efficiently, low-BMI women maintain net protein synthesis at the same rate as do normal-BMI women and produce similar quantities of labile nitrogen for the de novo synthesis of other dispensable amino acids such as glycine and cysteine. The extra amino acids required for increased maternal protein synthesis during pregnancy are provided by an overall decrease in amino acid catabolism in women with normal or low BMI. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 92: 320-9. C1 [Kurpad, Anura V.; Dwarkanath, Pratibha; Thomas, Tinku] St Johns Natl Acad Hlth Sci, St Johns Res Inst, Div Nutr, Bangalore 560034, Karnataka, India. [Mhaskar, Arun; Thomas, Annamma; Mhaskar, Rita] St Johns Natl Acad Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bangalore 560034, Karnataka, India. [Jahoor, Farook] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Kurpad, AV (reprint author), St Johns Natl Acad Hlth Sci, St Johns Res Inst, Div Nutr, Bangalore 560034, Karnataka, India. EM a.kurpad@sjri.res.in FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6001] FX Supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement no. 58-6250-6001. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 92 IS 2 BP 320 EP 329 DI 10.3945/ajcn.2010.29205 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 628UZ UT WOS:000280149700009 PM 20573789 ER PT J AU Keast, DR Nicklas, TA O'Neil, CE AF Keast, Debra R. Nicklas, Theresa A. O'Neil, Carol E. TI Snacking is associated with reduced risk of overweight and reduced abdominal obesity in adolescents: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; 4 AGE-GROUPS; FOOD-INTAKE; BREAKFAST CONSUMPTION; EATING FREQUENCY; UNITED-STATES; ENERGY-INTAKE; WEIGHT STATUS; US CHILDREN; ADULTS AB Background: Snacking is common in adolescents; however, it is unclear if there is an association between snacking and overweight or obesity within the context of the overall diet. Objective: This study examined the associations of snacking with weight status and abdominal obesity in adolescents 12-18 y of age (n = 5811). Design: We conducted secondary analyses of 24-h diet recalls and anthropometric data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004. We classified adolescents by frequency of snack consumption (0, 1, 2, 3, and >= 4 snacks/d) and by the percentage of energy intake from snacks (0%, <10%, 10-19%, 20-29%, 30-39%, and >= 40%). We classified adolescents who had a body mass index (BMI) >= 85th percentile of BMI-for-age as overweight or obese. We defined abdominal obesity as a waist circumference >= 90th percentile. We determined covariate-adjusted prevalences of overweight or obesity and abdominal obesity and odds ratios with SUDAAN software (release 9.0.1; Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, NC). Results: Mean values of all obesity indicators studied were inversely associated with snacking frequency and percentage of energy from snacks. The prevalence of overweight or obesity and of abdominal obesity decreased with increased snacking frequency and with increased percentage of energy from snacks. Odds ratios (95% CIs) for overweight or obesity and for abdominal obesity ranged from 0.63 (0.48, 0.85) to 0.40 (0.29, 0.57) and from 0.61 (0.43, 0.86) to 0.36 (0.21, 0.63) for 2 to >= 4 snacks/d, respectively. Reduced risks of overweight or obesity and abdominal obesity were associated with snacking. Conclusion: Snackers, compared with nonsnackers, were less likely to be overweight or obese and less likely to have abdominal obesity. Am J Clin Nutr 2010; 92: 428-35. C1 [Keast, Debra R.] Food & Nutr Database Res Inc, Okemos, MI USA. [Nicklas, Theresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [O'Neil, Carol E.] Louisiana State Univ, AgCtr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP O'Neil, CE (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, 261 Knapp Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM coneil1@lsu.edu FU US Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6-003]; USDA [LAB 93951]; Frito-Lay Inc FX Supported by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA)/Agricultural Research Service through specific cooperative agreement 58-6250-6-003. Partial support was received from the USDA HATCH Project LAB 93951 and Frito-Lay Inc. NR 42 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 92 IS 2 BP 428 EP 435 DI 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28421 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 628UZ UT WOS:000280149700023 PM 20554791 ER PT J AU Gao, XA Lai, CQ Scott, T Shen, JA Cai, TX Ordovas, JM Tucker, KL AF Gao, Xiang Lai, Chao-Qiang Scott, Tammy Shen, Jian Cai, Tianxi Ordovas, Jose M. Tucker, Katherine L. TI Urinary 8-Hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine and Cognitive Function in Puerto Rican Adults SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biological markers; DNA damage; Hispanic Americans; neurobehavioral manifestations; oxidative stress ID OXIDATIVE DNA-DAMAGE; STAGE ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; HISPANIC ELDERS; 8-HYDROXYDEOXYGUANOSINE LEVELS; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; L-CARNITINE; BRAIN; IMPAIRMENT; STRESS AB DNA oxidative stress has been suggested as an important pathogenic mechanism in cognitive impairment and dementia. With baseline data collected from 2004 to 2008, the authors examined whether urinary 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a biomarker of global DNA oxidation, was associated with cognitive function in a sample of 1,003 Puerto Rican adults, aged 45-75 years, living in Boston, Massachusetts, and the surrounding area. Cognitive function was measured by using a battery of 7 tests: the Mini-Mental State Examination, word list learning, digit span, clock drawing and figure copying, Stroop, and verbal fluency tests. The primary outcome was a global cognitive score, averaging standardized scores across all cognitive tests. A higher 8-OHdG concentration was significantly associated with lower global cognitive scores, after adjustment for age, education, status of the gene for apolipoprotein E (APOE), and other covariates (P(trend) = 0.01). The difference in the global score, comparing participants in the 2 extreme 8-OHdG quartiles, was -0.11 (95% confidence interval: -0.20, -0.02), which was equivalent to accelerating cognitive aging by about 4 years, as observed in this population. Prospective studies are needed to elucidate whether elevated urinary 8-OHdG concentrations can predict the rate of cognitive decline and incident dementia. C1 [Gao, Xiang] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Gao, Xiang] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Gao, Xiang] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Lab, Boston, MA USA. [Lai, Chao-Qiang; Shen, Jian; Ordovas, Jose M.; Tucker, Katherine L.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Scott, Tammy] Tufts Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Boston, MA USA. [Cai, Tianxi] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Stat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Tucker, Katherine L.] Northeastern Univ, Bouve Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Hlth Serv, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Gao, XA (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, 655 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM xiang.gao@channing.harvard.edu RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010; OI Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X; Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 FU National Institute of Aging [P01AG023394, R01AG02708, HL72524, HL54776, DK075030]; National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [R01 NS06287901A2]; Department of Agriculture (Agricultural Research Service) [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001, 58-1950-7-707] FX The study was supported by the National Institute of Aging (grants P01AG023394, R01AG02708, HL72524, HL54776, and DK075030), the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (grant R01 NS06287901A2), and the Department of Agriculture (Agricultural Research Service contracts 53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001, and 58-1950-7-707). NR 42 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD AUG 1 PY 2010 VL 172 IS 3 BP 271 EP 278 DI 10.1093/aje/kwq136 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 633UB UT WOS:000280531100005 PM 20621990 ER PT J AU Schepel, SA Fox, AJ Miyauchi, JT Sou, T Yang, JD Lau, K Blum, AW Nicholson, LK Tiburcy, F Nachman, RJ Piermarini, PM Beyenbach, KW AF Schepel, Stephen A. Fox, Andrew J. Miyauchi, Jeremy T. Sou, Tiffany Yang, Jason D. Lau, Kenneth Blum, Austin W. Nicholson, Linda K. Tiburcy, Felix Nachman, Ronald J. Piermarini, Peter M. Beyenbach, Klaus W. TI The single kinin receptor signals to separate and independent physiological pathways in Malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; principal cells; aedeskinin; G protein-coupled kinin receptor; Ramsay fluid secretion assay; membrane voltage; input resistance; principal cells; alpha- and beta-analogs of insect kinins; functionally elective agonists ID PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; TICK BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS; AEDES-AEGYPTI DIPTERA; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; DIRECTED TRAFFICKING; LEUCOKININ RECEPTOR; GLYCOSYLATION SITES; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY; DIURETIC PEPTIDES; EFFECTOR PATHWAY AB Schepel SA, Fox AJ, Miyauchi JT, Sou T, Yang JD, Lau K, Blum AW, Nicholson LK, Tiburcy F, Nachman RJ, Piermarini PM, Beyenbach KW. The single kinin receptor signals to separate and independent physiological pathways in Malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 299: R612-R622, 2010. First published June 10, 2010; doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00068.2010.-In the past, we have used the kinins of the cockroach Leucophaea (the leucokinins) to evaluate the mechanism of diuretic action of kinin peptides in Malpighian tubules of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti. Now using the kinins of Aedes (the aedeskinins), we have found that in isolated Aedes Malpighian tubules all three aedeskinins (1 mu M) significantly 1) increased the rate of fluid secretion ((V) over dot(S)), 2) hyperpolarized the basolateral membrane voltage (V(bl)), and 3) decreased the input resistance (R(in)) of principal cells, consistent with the known increase in the Cl(-) conductance of the paracellular pathway in Aedes Malpighian tubules. Aedeskinin-III, studied in further detail, significantly increased (V) over dot(S) with an EC(50) of 1.5 x 10(-8) M. In parallel, the Na(+) concentration in secreted fluid significantly decreased, and the K(+) concentration significantly increased. The concentration of Cl(-) remained unchanged. While the three aedeskinins triggered effects on V(bl), R(in), and (V) over dot(S) synthetic kinin analogs, which contain modifications of the COOH-terminal amide pentapeptide core sequence critical for biological activity, displayed variable effects. For example, kinin analog 1578 significantly stimulated (V) over dot(S) but had no effect on V(bl) and R(in), whereas kinin analog 1708 had no effect on (V) over dot(S) but significantly affected V(bl) and R(in). These observations suggest separate signaling pathways activated by kinins. One triggers the electrophysiological response, and the other triggers fluid secretion. It remains to be determined whether the two signaling pathways emanate from a single kinin receptor via agonist-directed signaling or from a differentially glycosylated receptor. Occasionally, Malpighian tubules did not exhibit a detectable response to natural and synthetic kinins. Hypothetically, the expression of the kinin receptor may depend on developmental, nutritional, and/or reproductive signals. C1 [Beyenbach, Klaus W.] Cornell Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, VRT 8004, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Nicholson, Linda K.] Cornell Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Tiburcy, Felix] Univ Osnabruck, Dept Biol, Div Anim Physiol, Osnabruck, Germany. [Nachman, Ronald J.] ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX USA. RP Beyenbach, KW (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, VRT 8004, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM kwb1@cornell.edu FU National Science Foundation [IBN-0078058]; U.S. Department of Agriculture/Department of Defense, Deployed War Fighter Protection Initiative [0500-32000-001-01R] FX The National Science Foundation Award IBN-0078058 made this work possible in the Beyenbach laboratory, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture/Department of Defense, Deployed War Fighter Protection Initiative No. 0500-32000-001-01R supported work in the Nachman laboratory. NR 69 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 299 IS 2 BP R612 EP R622 DI 10.1152/ajpregu.00068.2010 PG 11 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 634GW UT WOS:000280569800024 PM 20538895 ER PT J AU Whitworth, JL Novy, RG Stark, JC Pavek, JJ Corsini, DL Love, SL Miller, JS Vales, MI Mosley, AR Yilma, S James, SR Hane, DC Charlton, BA Brown, CR Knowles, NR Pavek, MJ AF Whitworth, Jonathan L. Novy, Richard G. Stark, Jeffrey C. Pavek, Joseph J. Corsini, Dennis L. Love, Steven L. Miller, Jeffrey S. Vales, M. Isabel Mosley, Alvin R. Yilma, Solomon James, Steve R. Hane, Dan C. Charlton, Brian A. Brown, Charles R. Knowles, N. Richard Pavek, Mark J. TI Yukon Gem: A Yellow-Fleshed Potato Cultivar Suitable for Fresh-Pack and Processing with Resistances to PVYO and Late Blight SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Solanum tuberosum; Variety; Breeding; Virus resistance; Phytophthora infestans ID VIRUS-Y; FOLIAR AB Yukon Gem is a yellow-fleshed, medium to early-maturing cultivar suitable for fresh-pack or processing with a high level of resistance to potato virus Y-O, and moderate foliar and tuber resistance to late blight. Multiple trials demonstrated a higher yield potential than Yukon Gold (yellow-fleshed industry standard). Yukon Gem produces uniform attractive tubers with light yellow skin and splashes of pink around the eyes; with flesh color similar to Yukon Gold. Yukon Gem was obtained from the intercrossing of Brodick and Yukon Gold at North Dakota State University (NDSU). An NDSU seedling tuber was sent and selected at Aberdeen, ID in 1995 and designated NDA5507-3YF. It advanced through the Aberdeen potato breeding program and regional trials in the western and northwestern U.S. Yukon Gem was released in 2006 by the USDA-ARS and the Agricultural Experiment Stations of Idaho, Oregon, and Washington, and is a product of the Northwest Potato Variety (Tri-State) Development Program. C1 [Whitworth, Jonathan L.; Novy, Richard G.] ARS, USDA, Aberdeen Res & Extens Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Stark, Jeffrey C.; Love, Steven L.] Univ Idaho, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Miller, Jeffrey S.] Miller Res, Rupert, ID 83350 USA. [Vales, M. Isabel; Mosley, Alvin R.; Yilma, Solomon] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [James, Steve R.] Oregon State Univ, Madras, OR 97741 USA. [Hane, Dan C.] Oregon State Univ, Hermiston, OR 97838 USA. [Charlton, Brian A.] Oregon State Univ, Klamath Falls, OR 97603 USA. [Brown, Charles R.] ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Knowles, N. Richard; Pavek, Mark J.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Whitworth, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Aberdeen Res & Extens Ctr, 1693 S 2700 W, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM Jonathan.Whitworth@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/CSREES FX The authors thank Margaret Bain, Mel Chappell, Lorie Ewing, Nora Fuller, Mark Fristad, Darren Hall, Charlene Miller, Tom Salaiz, Brian Schneider, Lura Schroeder, Penny Tubbs, Steven Wheeler, and Jim Whitmore for their contributions to the development and release of Yukon Gem. We acknowledge our industry cooperators and collaborators in the Western Regional Potato Variety Trials, and the Idaho, Oregon and Washington Potato Commissions for their contributions to this research effort. Development of Yukon Gem was partially funded by the USDA/CSREES Special Potato Program Grant. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 87 IS 4 BP 327 EP 336 DI 10.1007/s12230-010-9139-2 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 624OX UT WOS:000279829900002 ER PT J AU Miles, GP Samuel, MA Chen, JC Civerolo, EL Munyaneza, JE AF Miles, Godfrey P. Samuel, Marcus A. Chen, Jianchi Civerolo, Edwin L. Munyaneza, Joseph E. TI Evidence that Cell Death is Associated with Zebra Chip Disease in Potato Tubers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bactericera cockerelli; Potato psyllid; Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum; Solanum tuberosum; Cultivar Atlantic; FE-SEM ID CANDIDATUS LIBERIBACTER SOLANACEARUM; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; DEFENSE-MECHANISMS; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; SOFT-ROT; VIRUS-X; PLANTS; INFECTION; RESISTANCE; APOPTOSIS AB Zebra chip (ZC) is an established and highly destructive disease of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) that occurs in several southwestern states of the United States, Mexico, Central America, and New Zealand. The causal agent for this disease has not been identified. However, the bacterium "Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum" and the potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (ulc), its insect vector, are associated with the disease. Tubers from ZC-affected potato plants exhibit dramatic browning of vascular tissue concomitant with "necrotic flecking" both of which can affect the entire tuber. Upon frying, these tubers develop a characteristic striped pattern of discoloration rendering them unmarketable. These characteristic ZC symptoms in the tubers have been suggested to be associated with general cell death, though no evidence to confirm this hypothesis has been shown. In order to determine if cell death is associated with ZC disease, a series of experiments were undertaken. Cell death was initially quantified by comparing cellular ion leakage from ZC-affected and ZC-free tubers. Levels of ion leakage were found to be significantly higher in ZC-affected tubers compared to ZC-free tubers. To examine further the association of cell death with ZC disease, ZC-affected and ZC-free tubers were compared using classical histochemical staining methods in conjunction with optical microscopy, which revealed layers of dead cells surrounding numerous, small, irregularly-shaped lesions throughout the parenchymatic medullary region, vascular ring and cortex of ZC-affected tubers. This cell death was confirmed using high-resolution, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) of fresh-cut tuber tissue. C1 [Miles, Godfrey P.; Munyaneza, Joseph E.] ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Samuel, Marcus A.] Univ Calgary, Dept Biol Sci, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Chen, Jianchi; Civerolo, Edwin L.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Munyaneza, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM Joseph.Munyaneza@ars.usda.gov FU Frito Lay, Inc.; Texas Department of Agriculture; USDA-ARS FX We thank Jeremy Buchman, Dan Hallauer, Blaine Heilman, and Millie Heidt (USDA-ARS Laboratory in Wapato, WA); Andy Cruz (USDA-ARS Research Farm in Weslaco, TX.); Michael Laffin (University of Calgary, Canada); Darlene Hoffmann (USDA-ARS Laboratory in Parlier, CA); and Valerie Lynch-Holm and Christine Davitt (Franceschi Microscopy and Imaging Center, Washington State University for their technical assistance. We would like to give special thanks to Valerie Lynch-Holm for her invaluable assistance with potato tissue preparation, histochemical staining (toluidine blue and PAS) and training on the FE-SEM. We are also grateful to Drs. Dave Horton, Eugene Miliczky, and Roy Navarre for their critical reading of this manuscript. Financial support for this work was partially provided by Frito Lay, Inc., Texas Department of Agriculture, and the USDA-ARS State Cooperative Potato Research Program. NR 62 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 87 IS 4 BP 337 EP 349 DI 10.1007/s12230-010-9140-9 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 624OX UT WOS:000279829900003 ER PT J AU Navarre, DA Shakya, R Holden, J Kumar, S AF Navarre, Duroy A. Shakya, Roshani Holden, Joanne Kumar, Syam TI The Effect of Different Cooking Methods on Phenolics and Vitamin C in Developmentally Young Potato Tubers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Chlorogenic acid; Phenolics; Ascorbate; Phytonutrients; Flavonols; Potatoes; Health; Cooking; Antioxidants ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CHLOROGENIC ACID CONTENT; FRESH-CUT POTATOES; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; POLYPHENOL OXIDASE; PROCESSED POTATOES; DOMESTIC COOKING; BETA-CAROTENE; ASCORBIC-ACID AB New potatoes (also known as "baby potatoes") are harvested at a young developmental age and have higher concentrations of some phytonutrients than mature tubers. Assessing the potential of new potatoes in the diet and their suitability as targets for further nutritional enhancement requires knowledge of how well targeted phytonutrients survive cooking. New potatoes from the cultivars 'Piccolo,' 'Bintje' and 'Purple Majesty' were microwaved, baked, boiled, steamed or stir-fried. LCMS analysis showed that total phenolics, chlorogenic acids, flavonols and vitamin C did not significantly decrease after cooking by any of these methods. Cooking typically resulted in an increase in the recoverable amounts of these compounds, with chlorogenic acid increasing from 2.14 to 2.92 mg/g DW and rutin from 7.4 to 13.2 mu g/g DW after baking in 'Purple Majesty.' Supporting this finding is that antioxidant capacity showed similar results with Trolox equivalents increasing from 28.7 (raw) to 36.3 A mu mol/g DW after baking in 'Bintje.' These data suggest that new potatoes present an opportunity to more fully utilize the nutritional potential of potatoes. This work shows that significant loses of phenolic acids, vitamin C, and flavonols need not occur during cooking and confirms that these are viable targets to further increase by molecular or breeding approaches. C1 [Navarre, Duroy A.; Holden, Joanne] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Shakya, Roshani; Kumar, Syam] Washington State Univ, Ctr Irrigated Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Navarre, DA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM roy.navarre@ars.usda.gov RI sivasankara pillai, syamkumar/L-7324-2016 OI sivasankara pillai, syamkumar/0000-0002-9187-703X FU Washington State Potato Commission FX We thank Mel Martin for help in obtaining new potatoes and Aymeric Goyer for assisting in the cooking. We are grateful to the Washington State Potato Commission for funding part of this research. NR 52 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 87 IS 4 BP 350 EP 359 DI 10.1007/s12230-010-9141-8 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 624OX UT WOS:000279829900004 ER PT J AU Stark, JC Novy, RG Whitworth, JL Knowles, NR Pavek, MJ Love, SL Vales, MI James, SR Hane, DC Brown, CR Charlton, BA Corsini, DL Pavek, JJ Olsen, N Brandt, T AF Stark, Jeffrey C. Novy, Richard G. Whitworth, Jonathan L. Knowles, N. R. Pavek, Mark J. Love, Steve L. Vales, M. I. James, S. R. Hane, D. C. Brown, C. R. Charlton, B. A. Corsini, Dennis L. Pavek, J. J. Olsen, Nora Brandt, T. TI Classic Russet: A Potato Cultivar with Excellent Fresh Market Characteristics and High Yields of US No. 1 Tubers Suitable for Early Harvest or Full-Season Production SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Solanum tuberosum; Variety; Breeding; Processing ID GERMPLASM; RESISTANT; VARIETY; NEMATODE; QUALITY AB Classic Russet is a medium maturing potato cultivar with rapid tuber bulking making it suitable for early harvest, as well as full-season production. Classic Russet is notable for its attractive tubers with medium russet skin and excellent culinary characteristics. It resulted from a 1995 cross between Blazer Russet and Summit Russet and was released in 2009 by the USDA-ARS and the Agricultural Experiment Stations of Idaho, Oregon and Washington and is a product of the Northwest Potato Variety (Tri-State) Development Program. Classic Russet also shows potential as an early season processing cultivar, with fry color comparable to Russet Burbank and Ranger Russet. Classic Russet total yields were comparable to Russet Norkotah and Ranger Russet in early harvest trials and comparable to Ranger Russet and Russet Burbank in full season trials. When averaged across sites in early harvest or full season trials, U.S. No. 1 yields of Classic Russet were generally greater than those of Russet Norkotah, Ranger Russet, and Russet Burbank. Protein content for Classic Russet is relatively high, averaging 22% higher than Ranger Russet, 32% higher than Russet Burbank and 24% higher than Russet Norkotah. Specific gravity of Classic Russet in early harvest trials was comparable to Russet Norkotah but lower than Ranger Russet and was similar to Russet Burbank in full season trials. The incidence of hollow heart in Classic Russet is low, similar to that of Ranger Russet. It is less susceptible to blackspot bruise than Russet Burbank, Ranger Russet and Russet Norkotah but shatter bruise can be a concern if not matured properly prior to harvest. Classic Russet is moderately resistant to common scab and dry rot and is moderately susceptible to foliar and tuber infections of early blight and symptoms of corky ringspot. It is susceptible to Verticillium wilt, soft rot, foliar and tuber late blight, PLRV and PLRV net necrosis, and the common strain of potato virus Y (PVYA degrees). C1 [Stark, Jeffrey C.] Univ Idaho, Idaho Falls R&E Ctr, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. [Novy, Richard G.; Whitworth, Jonathan L.] ARS, USDA, Aberdeen R&E Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Knowles, N. R.; Pavek, Mark J.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Love, Steve L.] Univ Idaho, Aberdeen R&E Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Vales, M. I.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [James, S. R.] Oregon State Univ, Cent Oregon Ag Res Ctr, Madras, OR 97741 USA. [Hane, D. C.] Oregon State Univ, Hermiston Agr R&E Ctr, Hermiston, OR 97838 USA. [Brown, C. R.] ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Charlton, B. A.] Oregon State Univ, Klamath Basin R&E Ctr, Klamath Falls, OR 97603 USA. [Olsen, Nora] Univ Idaho, Twin Falls R&E Ctr, Twin Falls, ID 83303 USA. [Brandt, T.] Univ Idaho, Kimberly R&E Ctr, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Stark, JC (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Idaho Falls R&E Ctr, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. EM jstark@uidaho.edu FU USDA/CSREES FX The authors thank Margaret Bain, Mel Chappell, Lorie Ewing, Nora Fuller, Mark Fristad, Darren Hall, Charlene Miller, Tom Salaiz, Brian Schneider, Lura Schroeder, Penny Tubbs, Steven Wheeler, Solomon Yilma, and Jim Whitmore, as well as our collaborators in the Western Regional Potato Variety Trials, and the Idaho, Oregon and Washington Potato Commissions for their contributions to the development and release of Classic Russet. We also express thanks to Dave Hammond from Lamb Weston, Kennewick, WA as well as our other industry cooperators for their substantial contributions to this research effort. Development of Classic Russet was partially funded by the USDA/CSREES Special Potato Program Grant. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 87 IS 4 BP 360 EP 373 DI 10.1007/s12230-010-9142-7 PG 14 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 624OX UT WOS:000279829900005 ER PT J AU Brown, CR Haynes, KG Moore, M Pavek, MJ Hane, DC Love, SL Novy, RG Miller, JC AF Brown, Charles Raymond Haynes, Kathleen G. Moore, Martin Pavek, Mark J. Hane, Dan C. Love, Steven L. Novy, Richard G. Miller, J. C., Jr. TI Stability and Broad-Sense Heritability of Mineral Content in Potato: Iron SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ICAPES; Wet ashing; Iron nutrition; Vitamin C; Breeding; Solanum tuberosum; Broad-sense heritability ID HUMAN-NUTRITION PERSPECTIVE; NUTRIENT COMPOSITION; BIOAVAILABILITY; MICRONUTRIENTS; CULTIVARS AB Iron deficiency in humans occurs in all regions of the world. Potatoes are a modest source of iron. The purpose of this study was to determine if genetic variation for potato tuber iron content exists. Iron content in unpeeled potato was measured in 33 clones, including varieties and advanced breeding selections, in three trials (Tri-State, Western Regional Russet, Western Specialty/Red) which in total were grown in twelve environments. In two trials significant genotype x environment interaction occurred. Thirteen clones contributed significantly to this genotype x environment interaction, making them unstable across environments, including the variety Russet Burbank. Broad-sense heritabilities and their 95% confidence intervals (in parentheses) in the Tri-State, Western Regional Russet and Western Specialty/Red Trials were 0.00 (0.00, 0.38), 0.64 (0.17, 0.87), and 0.73 (0.25, 0.90), respectively. Overall the range of mean iron content on a clonal basis was 17 to 62 ug per gram dry weight. The upper limit is three times higher than generally reported values of potato. The five highest values were found in the Western Specialty/Red trial and were red-skinned, white-fleshed clones. These results suggest that genetic variation for tuber iron content exists and that breeding for enhanced iron content would be feasible. C1 [Brown, Charles Raymond] ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Haynes, Kathleen G.] ARS, USDA, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Moore, Martin] Agri NW, Plymouth, WA USA. [Pavek, Mark J.] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort LA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Hane, Dan C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, HAREC, Hermiston, OR USA. [Love, Steven L.] Univ Idaho, AREC, Aberdeen, ID USA. [Novy, Richard G.] ARS, USDA, Aberdeen, ID USA. [Miller, J. C., Jr.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort, College Stn, TX USA. RP Brown, CR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM chuck.brown@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X EI 1874-9380 J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 87 IS 4 BP 390 EP 396 DI 10.1007/s12230-010-9145-4 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 624OX UT WOS:000279829900008 ER PT J AU Maninger, N Mendoza, SP Hinde, K Tardif, SD Laugero, KD Bales, KL AF Maninger, N. Mendoza, S. P. Hinde, K. Tardif, S. D. Laugero, K. D. Bales, K. L. TI IS HIGH URINARY GLUCOSE IN CAPTIVE TITI MONKEYS (CALLICEBUS CUPREUS) RELATED TO SOCIAL CONDITION AND HYPERCORTISOLEMIA? A PRESENTATION OF CLINICAL CASES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 33rd Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Primatologists CY JUN 16-19, 2010 CL Louisville, KY SP Amer Soc Primatologists, Louisville Zoo, Centre Coll, Bellarmine Univ C1 [Maninger, N.; Mendoza, S. P.; Hinde, K.; Bales, K. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Calif Natl Primate Res Ctr, Brain Mind & Behav Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Laugero, K. D.] ARS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Bales, K. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Psychol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0275-2565 J9 AM J PRIMATOL JI Am. J. Primatol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 72 SU 1 MA 85 BP 52 EP 52 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 636GS UT WOS:000280720400086 ER PT J AU Anyamba, A Linthicum, KJ Small, J Britch, SC Pak, E de La Rocque, S Formenty, P Hightower, AW Breiman, RF Chretien, JP Tucker, CJ Schnabel, D Sang, R Haagsma, K Latham, M Lewandowski, HB Magdi, SO Mohamed, MA Nguku, PM Reynes, JM Swanepoel, R AF Anyamba, Assaf Linthicum, Kenneth J. Small, Jennifer Britch, Seth C. Pak, Edwin de La Rocque, Stephane Formenty, Pierre Hightower, Allen W. Breiman, Robert F. Chretien, Jean-Paul Tucker, Compton J. Schnabel, David Sang, Rosemary Haagsma, Karl Latham, Mark Lewandowski, Henry B. Magdi, Salih Osman Mohamed, Mohamed Ally Nguku, Patrick M. Reynes, Jean-Marc Swanepoel, Robert TI Prediction, Assessment of the Rift Valley Fever Activity in East and Southern Africa 2006-2008 and Possible Vector Control Strategies SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID KENYA; VIRUS; HABITATS; AEDES; FORMULATION; CALIFORNIA; VEGETATION; MOSQUITOS; OUTBREAK; DIPTERA AB Historical outbreaks of Rift Valley fever (RVF) since the early 1950s have been associated with cyclical patterns of the El Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon, which results in elevated and widespread rainfall over the RVF endemic areas of Africa. Using satellite measurements of global and regional elevated sea surface temperatures, elevated rainfall, and satellite derived-normalized difference vegetation index data, we predicted with lead times of 2-4 months areas where outbreaks of RVF in humans and animals were expected and occurred in the Horn of Africa, Sudan, and Southern Africa at different time periods from September 2006 to March 2008. Predictions were confirmed by entomological field investigations of virus activity and by reported cases of RVF in human and livestock populations. This represents the first series of prospective predictions of RVF outbreaks and provides a baseline for improved early warning, control, response planning, and mitigation into the future. C1 [Anyamba, Assaf; Small, Jennifer; Pak, Edwin; Tucker, Compton J.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Linthicum, Kenneth J.; Britch, Seth C.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. [de La Rocque, Stephane] FAO Food & Agr Org United Nations, Anim Prod & Hlth Div AGAH, EMPRES, Rome, Italy. [Formenty, Pierre] World Hlth Org, Global Alert & Response Dept HSE GAR, Geneva, Switzerland. CDC Kenya Nairobi, Int Emerging Infect Program, Global Dis Detect Div, Nairobi, Kenya. [Chretien, Jean-Paul] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Sang, Rosemary] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Virus Res, Arbovirol VHF Lab, Nairobi, Kenya. [Haagsma, Karl] Youngstown Air Reserve Stn, Vienna, OH USA. [Latham, Mark] Manatee Cty Mosquito Control, Palmetto, FL USA. [Lewandowski, Henry B.] Chatham Cty Mosquito Control, Savannah, GA USA. [Magdi, Salih Osman] Fed Minist Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Khartoum, Sudan. [Mohamed, Mohamed Ally] Minist Hlth & Social Welf, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. Minist Hlth, Div Dis Surveillance & Response, Nairobi, Kenya. [Reynes, Jean-Marc] Inst Pasteur Madagascar, Antananarivo, Madagascar. [Swanepoel, Robert] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Hightower, Allen W.; Breiman, Robert F.] CDC, Kenya Med Res Unit KEMRI, Nairobi, Kenya. [Nguku, Patrick M.] Minist Hlth, Div Communicable Dis Control, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Anyamba, A (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Branch, Code 614-4, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM Asaph.Anyamba-1@nasa.gov; kenneth.linthicum@ars.usda.gov; jennifer.1.small@nasa.gov; seth.britch@ars.usda.gov; ed.pak@nasa.gov; Stephane.DeLaRocque@fao.org; formentyp@who.int; awh1@cdc.gov; rbreiman@ke.cdc.gov; jpchretien@gmail.com; compton@ltpmail.gsfc.nasa.gov; DSchnabel@wrp-nbo.org; RSang@kemri.org; Karl.Haagsma@youngstown.af.mil; marklatham@manateemosquito.com; hblewand@chathamcounty.org; mgdosman@yahoo.com; mahd67@yahoo.com; drnguku@yahoo.com; jmreynes@pasteur.mg; bobs@nicd.ac.za RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; Reynes, Jean-Marc/M-6108-2014 FU United States Army Medical Research Unit-Kenya; Entomology Department; World Health Organization Department of Global Alert and Response; Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations; Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System; United States Department of Defense, through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board; National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNHO8CD31C/ROSES 2007] FX We thank personnel from the Entomological team Arbovirology/VHF Laboratory, Centre for Virus Research Kenya Medical Research Institute, Jason Richardson (now at United States Army Medical Component, Bangkok, Thailand) and various other personnel from the Ministry of Health in Kenya who collected some of the outbreak data used in this study. We also acknowledge the contributions of the United States Army Medical Research Unit-Kenya, Entomology Department, the World Health Organization Department of Global Alert and Response, the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations,The Ministries of Health in Tanzania and Sudan, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, The United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service for providing access to satellite data used in this study, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Kenya, for access to epidemiological data.; Financial support:The participation of AA, KJL, JS, SCB, EP and CJT on this project is in part supported by funding from the Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Surveillance and Response System, the United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, the Deployed War-Fighter Protection Research Program Funded by the United States Department of Defense, through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration grant # NNHO8CD31C/ROSES 2007. NR 14 TC 66 Z9 70 U1 4 U2 20 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 83 IS 2 SU S BP 43 EP 51 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09-0289 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 635YS UT WOS:000280694500007 PM 20682905 ER PT J AU Munyua, P Murithi, RM Wainwright, S Githinji, J Hightower, A Mutonga, D Macharia, J Ithondeka, PM Musaa, J Breiman, RF Bloland, P Njenga, MK AF Munyua, Peninah Murithi, Rees M. Wainwright, Sherrilyn Githinji, Jane Hightower, Allen Mutonga, David Macharia, Joseph Ithondeka, Peter M. Musaa, Joseph Breiman, Robert F. Bloland, Peter Njenga, M. Kariuki TI Rift Valley Fever Outbreak in Livestock in Kenya, 2006-2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SAUDI-ARABIA; VIRUS; ANTIBODY; ASSAY; IGG AB We analyzed the extent of livestock involvement in the latest Rift Valley fever (RVF) outbreak in Kenya that started in December 2006 and continued until June 2007. When compared with previous RVF outbreaks in the country, the 2006-07 outbreak was the most extensive in cattle, sheep, goats, and camels affecting thousands of animals in 29 of 69 administrative districts across six of the eight provinces. This contrasted with the distribution of approximately 700 human RVF cases in the country, where over 85% of these cases were located in four districts; Garissa and Ijara districts in Northeastern Province, Baringo district in Rift Valley Province, and Kilifi district in Coast Province. Analysis of livestock and human data suggests that livestock infections occur before virus detection in humans, as supported by clustering of human RVF cases around livestock cases in Baringo district. The highest livestock morbidity and mortality rates were recorded in Garissa and Baringo districts, the same districts that recorded a high number of human cases. The districts that reported RVF in livestock for the first time in 2006/07 included Kitui, Tharaka, Meru South, Meru central, Mwingi, Embu, and Mbeere in Eastern Province, Malindi and Taita taveta in Coast Province. Kirinyaga and Murang'a in Central Province, and Baringo and Samburu in Rift Valley Province, indicating that the disease was occurring in new regions in the country. C1 [Munyua, Peninah; Murithi, Rees M.; Githinji, Jane; Macharia, Joseph; Ithondeka, Peter M.; Musaa, Joseph] Kenya Minist Livestock Dev, Nairobi, Kenya. [Wainwright, Sherrilyn] USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Hightower, Allen; Breiman, Robert F.; Njenga, M. Kariuki] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Global Dis Detect Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mutonga, David] Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Nairobi, Kenya. [Bloland, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonosis Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Njenga, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Unit 64112, APO, AE 09831 USA. EM munyuap@gmail.com; murithimbabu@yahoo.com; Sherrilyn.H.Wainwright@aphis.usda.gov; janejackim@yahoo.com; awh1@cdc.gov; davidmutonga@yahoo.com; jmmacharia@excite.com; peterithondeka@yahoo.com; jmusaa@yahoo.com; rbreiman@ke.cdc.gov; pbb1@cdc.gov; knjenga@ke.cdc.gov NR 27 TC 52 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 83 IS 2 SU S BP 58 EP 64 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2010.09.0292 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 635YS UT WOS:000280694500009 PM 20682907 ER PT J AU Kachman, MT Hurley, MC Thiele, T Srinivas, G Aronoff, DM AF Kachman, Maureen T. Hurley, Mary C. Thiele, Teri Srinivas, Geetha Aronoff, David M. TI Comparative analysis of the extracellular proteomes of two Clostridium sordellii strains exhibiting contrasting virulence SO ANAEROBE LA English DT Article DE Clostridium infection; Toxic shock syndrome; Anaerobes; Mass spectrometry; Lethal toxin; 2DE ID TOXIC-SHOCK-SYNDROME; BLACK-TAR HEROIN; LETHAL TOXIN; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; NECROTIZING FASCIITIS; CROSS-REACTIVITY; DIFFICILE; PURIFICATION; PROTEINS; SURFACE AB Clostridium sordellii is a toxin-producing anaerobic bacillus that causes severe infections in humans and livestock. C sordellii infections can be accompanied by a highly lethal toxic shock syndrome (TSS). Lethal toxin (TcsL) is an important mediator of TSS. We recently obtained a clinical strain of C. sordellii (DA-108) lacking the TcsL-encoding tcsL gene, which was not fatal in rodent models of infection, in contrast to a tcsL reference strain (ATCC9714). Protein preparations derived from cell-free, stationary phase cultures obtained from ATCC9714 were lethal when injected into mice, while those obtained from DA-108 were not, a difference that was attributed to the unique presence of TcsL in the ATCC9714-derived proteins. We questioned whether there were other major differences between the extracellular proteomes of these two strains, apart from TcsL. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis was conducted using crude cell-free supernatants from these strains and 14 differentially expressed proteins were subjected to mass spectrometric analysis. Nine of these 14 proteins were more highly expressed by DA-108 and 5 by ATCC9714. Twelve of the 14 proteins isolated from the 2-D gels were putatively identified by mass spectrometry. Several of these proteins were identical, possibly reflecting enzymatic cleavage, degradation, and/or post-translational modifications. Excluding identical sequences, only 5 unique proteins were identified. Four proteins (ferredoxin-nitrite reductase; formate acetyltransferase; Translation Elongation Factor G; and purine nucleoside phosphorylase) were over-expressed by DA-108 and 1 (N-acetylmuramoyl-L-talanine amidase) by ATCC9714. These results support the concept that TcsL is the major determinant of C. sordellii TSS during infection. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Aronoff, David M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Aronoff, David M.] Univ Michigan, Program Biomed Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kachman, Maureen T.; Hurley, Mary C.] Univ Michigan, Michigan Proteome Consortium, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kachman, Maureen T.; Hurley, Mary C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Biochem, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Thiele, Teri; Srinivas, Geetha] USDA, Ctr Vet Biol, Ames, IA USA. RP Aronoff, DM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, 4618-C Med Sci Bldg 2,1150 W Med Ctr Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM daronoff@umich.edu FU National Institutes of Health [HD057176]; Doris Duke Charitable Foundation FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health grant HD057176 (D.M.A.) and a Doris Duke Charitable Foundation Clinical Scientist Development Award (D.M.A.). Helpful proteomic services were provided by The Michigan Proteome Consortium. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1075-9964 J9 ANAEROBE JI Anaerobe PD AUG PY 2010 VL 16 IS 4 BP 454 EP 460 DI 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2010.03.004 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 653GF UT WOS:000282076300023 PM 20338254 ER PT J AU Chen, P Wolf, WR Castanheira, I Sanches-Silva, A AF Chen, Pei Wolf, Wayne R. Castanheira, Isabel Sanches-Silva, Ana TI A LC/UV/Vis method for determination of cyanocobalamin (VB12) in multivitamin dietary supplements with on-line sample clean-up SO ANALYTICAL METHODS LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; WATER-SOLUBLE VITAMINS; PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; SPECIES-SELECTIVE DETERMINATION; REVERSED-PHASE HPLC; PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS; BINDING ASSAY; FOOD-PRODUCTS; MS DETECTION; EXTRACTION AB A HPLC-UV/Vis method using a two-column strategy with a switching valve for on-line sample cleanup was developed for the determination of cyanocobalamin (CN-Cbl/Vitamin 1312) in multivitamin dietary supplement tablets. The method uses two columns: an Agilent Zorbax C8 (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 mu m particle size) reversed-phase column and a Waters Symmetry C18 (150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 mu m particle size) reversed-phase column. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a programmed gradient mobile phase consisting of (A) 0.1% formic acid in water and (B) 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile. Because of the low levels of Vitamin B-12 in the samples, large injection volumes, and thus much interfering material, must be used to exceed the limit of quantitation (LOQ) by UV detection. A switching valve was used to divert most of these early eluting interfering materials to waste, effecting on-line sample clean-up without excessive sample preparation steps. The recovery of CN-Cbl in the method was 99.5% and the LOQ was 10 ng per injection. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of the NIST SRM 3280 multivitamin/multimineral dietary supplement tablet. The method is specific, precise, and accurate for the intended use. Compared to off-line sample clean-up procedures, it offers the advantage of being easier, more economical, and less time-consuming. C1 [Chen, Pei; Wolf, Wayne R.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Composit & Method Dev Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Castanheira, Isabel; Sanches-Silva, Ana] Natl Inst Hlth Dr Ricardo Jorge, Dept Food Safety & Nutr INSA, P-1649016 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Chen, P (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Food Composit & Method Dev Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM pei.chen@ars.usda.gov RI Sanches Silva, Ana/I-1850-2015 OI Sanches Silva, Ana/0000-0002-0226-921X FU USDA/ARS; Office of Dietary Supplements at the National Institutes of Health; Foundation for Science and Technology (Portugal) FX This research was supported by USDA/ARS and the Office of Dietary Supplements at the National Institutes of Health under an Interagency Agreement. This work was also carried out on behalf of the Project LMARSA POR/3.1.015/DRELVT. Financial support to Ana Sanches Silva from the "Foundation for Science and Technology" (Portugal) under the frame of the Program "Science 2007" is gratefully acknowledged. NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 18 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1759-9660 J9 ANAL METHODS-UK JI Anal. Methods PD AUG PY 2010 VL 2 IS 8 BP 1171 EP 1175 DI 10.1039/c0ay00177e PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Spectroscopy GA 643IS UT WOS:000281289400027 ER PT J AU Zhang, S Knight, TJ Reecy, JM Wheeler, TL Shackelford, SD Cundiff, LV Beitz, DC AF Zhang, S. Knight, T. J. Reecy, J. M. Wheeler, T. L. Shackelford, S. D. Cundiff, L. V. Beitz, D. C. TI Associations of polymorphisms in the promoter I of bovine acetyl-CoA carboxylase-alpha gene with beef fatty acid composition SO ANIMAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE acetyl-CoA carboxylase; cattle; fatty acid composition; polymorphism ID ENCODING GENE; ELEMENT; TISSUES; TRAITS; LIVER AB P>The objectives of this study were to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter I (PI) region of the bovine acetyl-CoA carboxylase-alpha (ACACA) gene and to evaluate the extent to which they were associated with lipid-related traits. Eight novel SNPs were identified, which were AJ276223:g.2064T > A (SNP1), g.2155C > T (SNP2), g.2203G > T (SNP3), g.2268T > C (SNP4), g.2274G > A (SNP5), g.2340A > G (SNP6), g.2350T > C (SNP7) and g.2370A > G (SNP8). Complete linkage disequilibrium was observed among SNP1, 2, 4, 5, 6 and 8. Phenotypic data were collected from 573 cross-bred steers with six sire breeds, including Hereford, Angus, Brangus, Beefmaster, Bonsmara and Romosinuano. The genotypes of SNP1/2/4/5/6/8 were significantly associated with adjusted backfat thickness. The genotypes of SNP3 were significantly associated with triacylglycerol (TAG) content and fatty acid composition of longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) in Brangus-, Romosinuano- and Bonsmara-sired cattle. Cattle with g.2203GG genotype had greater concentrations of TAG, total lipid, total saturated fatty acid and total monounsaturated fatty acid than did cattle with g.2203GT genotype. The genotypes of SNP7 were significantly associated with fatty acid composition of LM. Cattle with genotype g.2350TC had greater amounts of several fatty acids in LM than did cattle with genotype g.2350CC. Our results suggested that the SNPs in the PI region of ACACA gene are associated with variations in the fatty acid contents in LM. C1 [Knight, T. J.; Reecy, J. M.; Beitz, D. C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Reecy, J. M.; Beitz, D. C.] Iowa State Univ, Ctr Integrated Anim Genom, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Zhang, S.; Beitz, D. C.] Dept Biochem Biophys & Mol Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wheeler, T. L.; Shackelford, S. D.; Cundiff, L. V.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Beitz, DC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM dcbeitz@iastate.edu FU USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service [2005.35205.16235]; USDA FX Publication of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Project Number 3801. This project was supported by National Research Initiative Grant no. 2005.35205.16235 from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service and by the USDA Center for Designing Foods to Improve Nutrition at Iowa State University. NR 16 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0268-9146 J9 ANIM GENET JI Anim. Genet. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 41 IS 4 BP 417 EP 420 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2009.02006.x PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA 623DI UT WOS:000279717800009 PM 20002363 ER PT J AU Donthu, R Larkin, DM Heaton, MP Lewin, HA AF Donthu, R. Larkin, D. M. Heaton, M. P. Lewin, H. A. TI Discovery, validation and characterization of 1039 cattle single nucleotide polymorphisms SO ANIMAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE single nucleotide polymorphism discovery; cattle breeds ID GENOME; MAP; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCE AB P>We identified similar to 13 000 putative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by comparison of repeat-masked BAC-end sequences from the cattle RPCI-42 BAC library with whole-genome shotgun contigs of cattle genome assembly Btau 1.0. Genotyping of a subset of these SNPs was performed on a panel containing 186 DNA samples from 18 cattle breeds including 43 trios. Of 1039 SNPs confirmed as polymorphic in the panel, 998 had minor allele frequency >= 0.25 among unrelated individuals of at least one breed. When Btau 4.0 became available, 974 of these validated SNPs were assigned in silico to known cattle chromosomes, while 41 SNPs were mapped to unassigned sequence scaffolds, yielding one SNP every similar to 3 Mbp on average. Twenty-four SNPs identified in Btau 1.0 were not mapped to Btau 4.0. Of the 1015 SNPs mapped to Btau 4.0, 959 SNPs had nucleotide bases identical in Btau 4.0 and Btau 1.0 contigs, whereas 56 bases were changed, resulting in the loss of the in silico SNP in Btau 4.0. Because these 1039 SNPs were all directly confirmed by genotyping on the multi-breed panel, it is likely that the original polymorphisms were correctly identified. The 1039 validated SNPs identified in this study represent a new and useful resource for genome-wide association studies and applications in animal breeding. C1 [Lewin, H. A.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Donthu, R.; Larkin, D. M.; Lewin, H. A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Anim Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Heaton, M. P.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Lewin, HA (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM h-lewin@illinois.edu FU USDA-ARS [538 AG 58-54387-317]; USDA-CSREES [538 AG 2006-34480-17150] FX This study was supported in part by funding from USDA-ARS contract No. 538 AG 58-54387-317 and USDA-CSREES Special Grant No. 538 AG 2006-34480-17150. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0268-9146 J9 ANIM GENET JI Anim. Genet. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 41 IS 4 BP 421 EP 423 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2009.02008.x PG 3 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA 623DI UT WOS:000279717800010 PM 19958345 ER PT J AU Ho, CS Lunney, JK Lee, JH Franzo-Romain, MH Martens, GW Rowland, RRR Smith, DM AF Ho, C. -S. Lunney, J. K. Lee, J. -H. Franzo-Romain, M. H. Martens, G. W. Rowland, R. R. R. Smith, D. M. TI Molecular characterization of swine leucocyte antigen class II genes in outbred pig populations SO ANIMAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE genotyping; major histocompatibility complex; outbred pigs; PCR-SSP; polymorphism; SLA diversity; swine leucocyte antigen ID MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; SEQUENCE-BASED CHARACTERIZATION; SLA CLASS-I; RAPID ASSIGNMENT; PCR-SSP; NOMENCLATURE; DIVERSITY; ALLELES; SYSTEM; POLYMORPHISM AB P>The highly polymorphic swine leucocyte antigen (SLA) genes are among the most important determinants of swine immune responses to disease and vaccines. Accurate and effective SLA genotyping methods are required to understand how SLA gene polymorphisms affect immunity, especially in outbred pigs with diverse genetic backgrounds. In this study, we present a simple and rapid molecular-based typing system for characterizing SLA class II alleles of the DRB1, DQB1 and DQA loci. This system utilizes a set of 47 sequence-specific PCR primers developed to differentiate alleles by groups that share similar sequence motifs. We applied this typing method to investigate the SLA class II diversity in four populations of outbred pigs (n = 206) and characterized a total of 19 SLA class II haplotypes, six of which were shared by at least three of the sampled pig populations. We found that Lr-0.1 (DRB1*01XX-DQB1*01XX-DQA*01XX) was the most prevalent haplotype with a combined frequency of 16.0%, followed by Lr-0.2 (DRB1*02XX-DQB1*02XX-DQA*02XX) with 14.6% and Lr-0.15b (DRB1*04XX-DQB1*0202-DQA*02XX) with 14.1%. Over 70% of the pigs (n = 147) had at least one copy of one of these three haplotypes. The PCR-based typing system described in this study demonstrates a reliable and unambiguous detection method for SLA class II alleles. It will be a valuable tool for studying the influence of SLA diversity on various immunological, pathological and physiological traits in outbred pigs. C1 [Ho, C. -S.; Franzo-Romain, M. H.; Smith, D. M.] Univ Michigan, Dept Pathol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Ho, C. -S.; Martens, G. W.; Smith, D. M.] Baylor Univ, Dept Pathol, Med Ctr, Transplant Immunol Lab, Dallas, TX 75246 USA. [Ho, C. -S.; Martens, G. W.; Smith, D. M.] Baylor Univ, Inst Biomed Studies, Waco, TX 76798 USA. [Lunney, J. K.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, BARC, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lee, J. -H.] Chungnam Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Div Anim Sci & Resources, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Rowland, R. R. R.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Diagnost Med & Pathobiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Smith, DM (reprint author), 4114 Timber Ridge Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. EM douglas2k@comcast.net FU USDA/NRI-CSREES [2004-35605-14197]; Rural Development Administration, Korea [200702078] FX The authors wish to thank Drs John Butler (University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA), Kelly Lager (USDA Agriculture Research Service, Ames, IA), Lawrence Schook (University of Illinois, Urbana, IL), Carol Wyatt (Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS) and Ramon Molina and Jeffrey Zimmerman (Iowa State University, Ames, IA) for generously providing valuable DNA samples. The authors also thank Yu-Joo Lee, Leah Pittmon, Lauren Winfree for expert technical assistance. This project was in part supported by USDA/NRI-CSREES grant 2004-35605-14197, 'Integrated Control and Elimination of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) in the U.S.'. J.-H. Lee was partly supported by the research project on the Production of Bio-organs (project no. 200702078) from Biogreen 21 program, Rural Development Administration, Korea. NR 27 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0268-9146 J9 ANIM GENET JI Anim. Genet. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 41 IS 4 BP 428 EP 432 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2010.02019.x PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA 623DI UT WOS:000279717800012 PM 20121817 ER PT J AU Chitko-McKown, CG MacNeil, MD AF Chitko-McKown, C. G. MacNeil, M. D. TI Development of fibroblast cell lines from the cow used to sequence the bovine genome SO ANIMAL GENETICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Chitko-McKown, C. G.] ARS, USDA, USMARC, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [MacNeil, M. D.] ARS, USDA, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Chitko-McKown, CG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, USMARC, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Carol.ChitkoMckown@ars.usda.gov RI MacNeil, Michael/A-6772-2009 NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0268-9146 J9 ANIM GENET JI Anim. Genet. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 41 IS 4 BP 445 EP 445 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2009.02013.x PG 1 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Genetics & Heredity SC Agriculture; Genetics & Heredity GA 623DI UT WOS:000279717800016 PM 20015332 ER PT J AU Bowman, MJ Jordan, DB Vermillion, KE Braker, JD Moon, J Liu, ZL AF Bowman, Michael J. Jordan, Douglas B. Vermillion, Karl E. Braker, Jay D. Moon, Jaewoong Liu, Z. Lewis TI Stereochemistry of Furfural Reduction by a Saccharomyces cerevisiae Aldehyde Reductase That Contributes to In Situ Furfural Detoxification SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SN-GLYCEROL-1-PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; FERMENTATION INHIBITORS; ACID; CONVERSION; YEAST; STEREOSPECIFICITY; ETHANOL; NADPH; OXIDOREDUCTASES; HYDROLYZATE AB Ari1p from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, recently identified as an intermediate-subclass short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase, contributes in situ to the detoxification of furfural. Furfural inhibits efficient ethanol production by yeast, particularly when the carbon source is acid-treated lignocellulose, which contains furfural at a relatively high concentration. NADPH is Ari1p's best known hydride donor. Here we report the stereochemistry of the hydride transfer step, determined by using (4R)-[4-(2)H]NADPD and (4S)-[4-(2)H]NADPD and unlabeled furfural in Ari1p-catalyzed reactions and following the deuterium atom into products 2-furanmethanol or NADP(+). Analysis of the products demonstrates unambiguously that Ari1p directs hydride transfer from the si face of NADPH to the re face of furfural. The singular orientation of substrates enables construction of a model of the Michaelis complex in the Ari1p active site. The model reveals hydrophobic residues near the furfural binding site that, upon mutation, may increase specificity for furfural and enhance enzyme performance. Using (4S)-[4-(2)H]NADPD and NADPH as substrates, primary deuterium kinetic isotope effects of 2.2 and 2.5 were determined for the steady-state parameters k(cat)(NADPH) and k(cat)/K(m)(NADPH), respectively, indicating that hydride transfer is partially rate limiting to catalysis. C1 [Bowman, Michael J.; Jordan, Douglas B.; Vermillion, Karl E.; Braker, Jay D.; Moon, Jaewoong; Liu, Z. Lewis] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Bowman, MJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Michael.Bowman@ars.usda.gov FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2006-35504-17359] FX This work was supported in part by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, grant number 2006-35504-17359. NR 39 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 76 IS 15 BP 4926 EP 4932 DI 10.1128/AEM.00542-10 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 630II UT WOS:000280266200002 PM 20525870 ER PT J AU Swingle, B Bao, ZM Markel, E Chambers, A Cartinhour, S AF Swingle, Bryan Bao, Zhongmeng Markel, Eric Chambers, Alan Cartinhour, Samuel TI Recombineering Using RecTE from Pseudomonas syringae SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PV. TOMATO DC3000; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BACTERIOPHAGE-LAMBDA; BETA-PROTEIN; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; DNA; AERUGINOSA; REPAIR; MUTAGENESIS; MUTANTS AB In this report, we describe the identification of functions that promote genomic recombination of linear DNA introduced into Pseudomonas cells by electroporation. The genes encoding these functions were identified in Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae B728a based on similarity to the lambda Red Exo/Beta and RecET proteins encoded by the lambda and Rac bacteriophages of Escherichia coli. The ability of the pseudomonad-encoded proteins to promote recombination was tested in P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 using a quantitative assay based on recombination frequency. The results show that the Pseudomonas RecT homolog is sufficient to promote recombination of single-stranded DNA oligonucleotides and that efficient recombination of double-stranded DNA requires the expression of both the RecT and RecE homologs. Additionally, we illustrate the utility of this recombineering system to make targeted gene disruptions in the P. syringae chromosome. C1 [Swingle, Bryan; Markel, Eric; Cartinhour, Samuel] ARS, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Swingle, Bryan; Bao, Zhongmeng; Markel, Eric; Chambers, Alan; Cartinhour, Samuel] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Swingle, B (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 321 Plant Sci Bldg,Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM Bryan.Swingle@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 76 IS 15 BP 4960 EP 4968 DI 10.1128/AEM.00911-10 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 630II UT WOS:000280266200006 PM 20543050 ER PT J AU Ware, MW Augustine, SAJ Erisman, DO See, MJ Wymer, L Hayes, SL Dubey, JP Villegas, EN AF Ware, Michael W. Augustine, Swinburne A. J. Erisman, David O. See, Mary Jean Wymer, Larry Hayes, Samuel L. Dubey, J. P. Villegas, Eric N. TI Determining UV Inactivation of Toxoplasma gondii Oocysts by Using Cell Culture and a Mouse Bioassay SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM OOCYSTS; SEVERE ACQUIRED TOXOPLASMOSIS; LOW-PRESSURE ULTRAVIOLET; ENHYDRA-LUTRIS-NEREIS; REAL-TIME PCR; WATERBORNE TOXOPLASMOSIS; DRINKING-WATER; SEA OTTERS; UNITED-STATES; FRENCH-GUIANA AB The effect of UV exposure on Toxoplasma gondii oocysts has not been completely defined for use in water disinfection. This study evaluated UV-irradiated oocysts by three assays: a SCID mouse bioassay, an in vitro T. gondii oocyst plaque (TOP) assay, and a quantitative reverse transcriptase real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) assay. The results from the animal bioassay show that 1- and 3-log(10) inactivation is achieved with 4 mJ/cm(2) UV and 10 mJ/cm(2) low-pressure UV, respectively. TOP assay results, but not RT-qPCR results, correlate well with bioassay results. In conclusion, a 3-log(10) inactivation of T. gondii oocysts is achieved by 10-mJ/cm(2) low-pressure UV, and the in vitro TOP assay is a promising alternative to the mouse bioassay. C1 [Villegas, Eric N.] US EPA, Biohazard Assessment Res Branch, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Hayes, Samuel L.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [See, Mary Jean; Villegas, Eric N.] Univ Cincinnati, McMicken Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Biol Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45220 USA. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Villegas, EN (reprint author), US EPA, Biohazard Assessment Res Branch, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM villegas.eric@epa.gov RI Villegas, Eric/A-7373-2015 OI Villegas, Eric/0000-0002-8059-8588 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development [DW-12-92289801-0] FX The United States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and collaborated in the research described here under interagency agreement number DW-12-92289801-0 to USDA and contract number EP-D-06-100 to the McConnell Group. It has been subjected to agency review and approved for publication. NR 64 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 76 IS 15 BP 5140 EP 5147 DI 10.1128/AEM.00153-10 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 630II UT WOS:000280266200025 PM 20543052 ER PT J AU Keen, JE Laegreid, WW Chitko-McKown, CG Durso, LM Bono, JL AF Keen, James E. Laegreid, William W. Chitko-McKown, Carol G. Durso, Lisa M. Bono, James L. TI Distribution of Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli O157 in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Naturally O157-Shedding Cattle at Necropsy SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; GALLBLADDERS; COLONIZATION; CULTURE; CALVES AB Shiga-toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) O157 occurrence was determined along the entire gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of each of four naturally shedding cattle and at three sites in 61 slaughter cattle. STEC O157 was distributed along the entire GIT, though interanimal distribution was variable. Neither feces nor rectoanaljunction samples accurately predicted the STEC O157-negative status of any particular animal. C1 [Keen, James E.; Laegreid, William W.; Chitko-McKown, Carol G.; Durso, Lisa M.; Bono, James L.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Bono, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166,State Spur 18D, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Jim.Bono@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 76 IS 15 BP 5278 EP 5281 DI 10.1128/AEM.00400-10 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 630II UT WOS:000280266200042 PM 20543036 ER PT J AU Qvarnstrom, Y da Silva, ACA Teem, JL Hollingsworth, R Bishop, H Graeff-Teixeira, C da Silva, AJ AF Qvarnstrom, Yvonne Aramburu da Silva, Ana Cristina Teem, John L. Hollingsworth, Robert Bishop, Henry Graeff-Teixeira, Carlos da Silva, Alexandre J. TI Improved Molecular Detection of Angiostrongylus cantonensis in Mollusks and Other Environmental Samples with a Species-Specific Internal Transcribed Spacer 1-Based TaqMan Assay SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EOSINOPHILIC MENINGITIS; PARASTRONGYLUS-CANTONENSIS; HAWAII; ISLAND; RATS AB Angiostrongylus cantonensis is the most common cause of human eosinophilic meningitis. Humans become infected by ingesting food items contaminated with third-stage larvae that develop in mollusks. We report the development of a real-time PCR assay for the species-specific identification of A. cantonensis in mollusk tissue. C1 [Qvarnstrom, Yvonne; Bishop, Henry; da Silva, Alexandre J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Publ Hlth Serv,US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Aramburu da Silva, Ana Cristina; Graeff-Teixeira, Carlos] Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul, Mol Parasitol Lab, Inst Biomed Res, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Teem, John L.] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Aquaculture Div, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Hollingsworth, Robert] US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Hilo, HI USA. RP da Silva, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Publ Hlth Serv,US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop D-64, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM abs8@cdc.gov RI Graeff-Teixeira, Carlos/A-5820-2012; Silva, Ana/H-4898-2015 OI Graeff-Teixeira, Carlos/0000-0003-2725-0061; FU National Food Safety Initiative FX This study was fully supported with funds from the National Food Safety Initiative. NR 23 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 76 IS 15 BP 5287 EP 5289 DI 10.1128/AEM.00546-10 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 630II UT WOS:000280266200044 PM 20543049 ER PT J AU Viana, H Cohen, WB Lopes, D Aranha, J AF Viana, H. Cohen, Warren B. Lopes, D. Aranha, J. TI Assessment of forest biomass for use as energy. GIS-based analysis of geographical availability and locations of wood-fired power plants in Portugal SO APPLIED ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Bioenergy; Biomass; Wood fuel; Logging residues; Mapping; Combined heat and power plant; Power generation AB Following the European Union strategy concerning renewable energy (RE), Portugal established in their national policy programmes that the production of electrical energy from RE should reach 45% of the total supply by 2010 Since Portugal has large forest biomass resources, a significant part of this energy will be obtained from this source. In addition to the two existing electric power plants, with 22 MW of power capacity, 13 new power plants having a total of 86 4 MW capacity are in construction Together these could generate a combination of electrical and thermal energy, known as combined heat and power (CHP) production As these power plants will significantly increase the exploitation of forests resources, this article evaluates the potential quantities of available forest biomass residue for that purpose In addition to examining the feasibility of producing both types of energy. we also examine the potential for producing only electric energy. Results show that if only electricity is generated some regions will need to have alternative fuel sources to fulfil the demand. However, if cogeneration is implemented the wood fuel resource will be sufficient to fulfill the required capacity demand (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved. C1 [Viana, H.] Polytech Inst Viseu, Agranan Super School, P-3500606 Viseu, Portugal. [Cohen, Warren B.] US Forest Serv, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Lopes, D.; Aranha, J.] Univ Tras os Montes & Alto Douro, Dept Forestry, P-5000911 Vila Real, Portugal. RP Viana, H (reprint author), Polytech Inst Viseu, Agranan Super School, Estr Nelas, P-3500606 Viseu, Portugal. RI Viana, Helder/B-2885-2010; Aranha, Jose/A-8222-2013; Lopes, Domingos/K-7039-2013 OI Viana, Helder/0000-0003-4024-3472; Aranha, Jose/0000-0003-3171-2951; Lopes, Domingos/0000-0001-8912-6440 NR 35 TC 63 Z9 67 U1 4 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-2619 J9 APPL ENERG JI Appl. Energy PD AUG PY 2010 VL 87 IS 8 BP 2551 EP 2560 DI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2010.02.007 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 615KM UT WOS:000279134200013 ER PT J AU Shelly, T AF Shelly, Todd TI Effects of methyl eugenol and raspberry ketone/cue lure on the sexual behavior of Bactrocera species (Diptera: Tephritidae) SO APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY AND ZOOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Fruit flies; plant metabolites; pheromone; communication; mating behavior ID ORIENTAL FRUIT-FLY; CUCURBITAE COQUILLETT DIPTERA; MALE MELON FLIES; CACUMINATA HERING DIPTERA; DACUS-CUCURBITAE; MATING-BEHAVIOR; CUE-LURE; DORSALIS DIPTERA; RECTAL GLANDS; PHEROMONAL COMPONENTS AB Bactrocera is a speciose genus of tephritid fruit fly that includes several important pests of fruits and vegetables. Detection and control of these pestiferous species rely heavily upon male attractants or lures, with different Bactrocera species responding to either methyl eugenol (ME) or raspberry ketone (RK.; or its man-made analogue cue lure, CL). Despite their usage worldwide, the function of ME and RK/CL in the natural history of Bactrocera flies is poorly known. The purpose of this review is to summarize research on the potential role of ME and RK/CL as pheromone precursors or components-in the sexual communication of Bactrocera species. The topics covered include i) male feeding behavior on ME or RK/CL, ii) the fate of ingested lures, iii) female and male attraction to lure-fed males, and iv) mating success of lure-fed males. Data are available for only a few species, but they provide solid evidence for a role of male lures in mating behavior. For several ME-responding species, research has shown that i) ME metabolites are incorporated and emitted along with endogenously produced components of the male sex pheromone, ii) females show preferential attraction to pheromone containing these metabolites, and iii) males fed ME (or plants containing ME) enjoy increased mating success over non-fed males. Fewer studies have been conducted on RK/CL-responding species, and these reveal i) the lure is not broken down or metabolized but is sequestered (and presumably emitted) as RK, ii) females show preferential attraction to pheromone produced by males that fed upon RK/CL, and iii) RK/CL ingestion produces a significant, but short-lived (1 d), boost in male mating success. Potentially productive avenues of future research are discussed. C1 USDA APHIS, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA. RP Shelly, T (reprint author), USDA APHIS, 41-650 Ahiki St, Waimanalo, HI 96795 USA. EM todd.e.shelly@aphis.usda.gov NR 115 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 46 PU JAPAN SOC APPL ENTOMOL ZOOL PI TOKYO PA 1-43-11 KOMAGOME TOSHIMA-KU, TOKYO, 170, JAPAN SN 0003-6862 J9 APPL ENTOMOL ZOOL JI Appl. Entomol. Zoolog. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 45 IS 3 BP 349 EP 361 DI 10.1303/aez.2010.349 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 666IB UT WOS:000283107000001 ER PT J AU Evans, JJ Pasnik, DJ Yildirim-Aksoy, M Lim, C Klesius, PH AF Evans, J. J. Pasnik, D. J. Yildirim-Aksoy, M. Lim, C. Klesius, P. H. TI Histologic changes in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque, fed diets containing graded levels of gossypol-acetic acid SO AQUACULTURE NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE cottonseed; diet; fish; gossypol; histology; nutrition ID COTTONSEED MEAL; SOYBEAN-MEAL; RAINBOW-TROUT; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES; INTESTINAL HISTOLOGY; DISTAL INTESTINE; ATLANTIC SALMON; FISH-MEAL; GROWTH; TILAPIA AB A study was performed to evaluate the histologic changes among fingerling channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus Rafinesque, fed purified diets containing gossypol from gossypol-acetic acid. The catfish were maintained on diets with 0, 300, 600, 900, 1200 or 1500 mg gossypol kg-1 diet for 12 weeks, and histologic samples from the stomach, proximal and distal intestines, pancreas, liver, and spleen were obtained from fish in all groups. Stomach sections exhibited significant gastric gland necrosis in fish fed 600 mg gossypol kg-1 diet or higher. Non-existent-to-mild enterocyte vacuolization loss, inflammatory cell infiltration, and hyperplastic lamina propria were noted in the intestinal sections from gossypol-fed fish, but no significant differences in severity scores were noted. The pancreas from fish fed doses of gossypol above 600 mg gossypol kg-1 diet exhibited significant mild-to-severe necrosis, and livers from fish fed 900 and 1500 mg gossypol kg-1 diet exhibited significantly higher pigment deposition. No other significant histologic differences were observed in the fish fed diets containing gossypol-acetic acid. The data in this study indicates that at least 600-900 mg gossypol kg-1 purified diet can cause statistically significant histologic changes in fingerling channel catfish, suggesting that gossypol should remain at concentrations below 600 mg gossypol kg-1 diet. C1 [Evans, J. J.; Pasnik, D. J.] ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, Chestertown, MD 21620 USA. [Yildirim-Aksoy, M.; Lim, C.; Klesius, P. H.] ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, Auburn, AL USA. RP Evans, JJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Lab, 118B Lynchburg St, Chestertown, MD 21620 USA. EM joyce.evans@ars.usda.gov FU Ministry of National Education, General Directorate for Higher Education, Republic of Turkey; USDA-ARS [6420-32000-011-00D, 6420-32000-019-00D] FX The authors thank the Ministry of National Education, General Directorate for Higher Education, Republic of Turkey, and the USDA-ARS (CRIS Projects # 6420-32000-011-00D and # 6420-32000-019-00D) for supporting this research. The authors also thank Debbie Boykin and Dr Dehai Xu of the USDA-ARS for their statistical assistance. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1353-5773 J9 AQUACULT NUTR JI Aquac. Nutr. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 16 IS 4 BP 385 EP 391 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2095.2009.00676.x PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 621WC UT WOS:000279615000007 ER PT J AU Gaylord, TG Barrows, FT Rawles, SD AF Gaylord, T. G. Barrows, F. T. Rawles, S. D. TI Apparent amino acid availability from feedstuffs in extruded diets for rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss SO AQUACULTURE NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE amino acid; availability; Rainbow trout ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; PLANT PROTEIN DIETS; FISH-MEAL; DIGESTIBILITY COEFFICIENTS; TAURINE SUPPLEMENTATION; GROSS NUTRIENTS; INGREDIENTS; EXTRUSION; PRODUCTS; REPLACEMENT AB Apparent amino acid availability coefficients of several typical and novel feed ingredients were determined in rainbow trout using extruded diets and the faecal stripping technique. The ingredients were tested included five fish meals, three terrestrial animal by-products, five plant protein concentrates, four plant meals, and seven low-protein plant ingredients. Amino acid availability from the fish meals was relatively high ranging from 90 to 101%. Lower coefficients overall were observed for Menhaden fish meal FAQ when compared to the other fish meals. No differences in apparent amino acid availability were detected among the animal by-products. Within the plant concentrate group, rice protein concentrate and barley protein concentrate exhibited generally lower amino acid availabilities compared to other concentrates tested. Among the plant meals, only the availabilities of histidine, valine, isoleucine and lysine in flaxseed meal were lower than those of soybean meal. Apparent amino acid availabilities among the low-protein plant products were variable and significantly different. C1 [Gaylord, T. G.; Barrows, F. T.] ARS, USDA, PWA, Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit,Hagerman, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. [Rawles, S. D.] ARS, USDA, SPA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. RP Gaylord, TG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, PWA, Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit,Hagerman, 3059F Natl Fish Hatchery Rd, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. EM gibson.gaylord@ars.usda.gov OI Gaylord, Gibson/0000-0003-3037-0451 FU USDA/Agricultural Research Service [5366-21310-003-00D] FX This study was funded by the USDA/Agricultural Research Service Project No. 5366-21310-003-00D. NR 37 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1353-5773 J9 AQUACULT NUTR JI Aquac. Nutr. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 16 IS 4 BP 400 EP 406 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2095.2009.00678.x PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 621WC UT WOS:000279615000009 ER PT J AU Spencer, DF Tan, W Whitehand, LC AF Spencer, David F. Tan, Wailun Whitehand, Linda C. TI Variation in Arundo donax stem and leaf strength: Implications for herbivory SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Giant reed; Leaf strength; Herbivory ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; TETRAMESA-ROMANA; GIANT REED; BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES; HYMENOPTERA EURYTOMIDAE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FRACTURE PROPERTIES; TOUGHNESS; GRASSES; LEAVES AB We determined leaf and stem strength for Arundo donax from plants grown in different geographic areas and at different times within their growing cycle. Mean leaf strength for plants collected within California was 1.72 Newtons (N) and ranged from 0.36 to 6.32 N, based on 1170 individual determinations. For leaves collected from 30 plants within four states between July 11 and 20, 2007, mean leaf strength was 1.58 N based on 936 determinations. Values ranged from 0.24 to 4.90 N. Overall, leaf strength showed statistically significant changes depending on the sampling date, sampling location, type of leaf sampled, and position within the leaf where the measurement was taken. In general leaf strength was greater near the base of the leaf and decreased with distance away from the base; leaf strength changed as the growing season progressed; and first year leaves had leaf strength values about 25% greater than leaves produced on stems >1-year old. This represents two of the three age categories of leaves which may be present on giant reed at any one time. Stem strength and stem wall thickness were strongly correlated (Kendall's Tau b = 0.92, P < 0.0001, N = 26). Linear regression indicated that mean stem strength decreased by approximately 6.8% (95% confidence limits 5.8-7.7%) from one node to the successive node progressing from the stem base to the shoot tip. These results imply that the ability of biological control agents to damage A. donax leaves may not be the same across the locations this plant occurs or at all times during the growing season within a given location. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Spencer, David F.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tan, Wailun] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Whitehand, Linda C.] USDA ARS, Biostat Serv, Albany, CA 94701 USA. RP Spencer, DF (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Robbins Hall,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM dfspencer@ucdavis.edu NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 93 IS 2 BP 75 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.aquabot.2010.03.005 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 616OJ UT WOS:000279218400003 ER PT J AU Mbata, GN Shapiro-Ilan, DI AF Mbata, George N. Shapiro-Ilan, David I. TI Compatibility of Heterorhabditis indica (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae) and Habrobracon hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) for biological control of Plodia interpunctella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Biological control; Entomopathogenic nematodes; Heterorhabditis indica; Plodia interpunctella; Habrobracon hebetor; Stored-products ID XYLOCORIS-FLAVIPES HEMIPTERA; ALMOND MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; LARGE PINE WEEVIL; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES; HUBNER LEPIDOPTERA; INTRAGUILD PREDATION; HYLOBIUS-ABIETIS; POPULATIONS; PHYCITIDAE; PARASITOIDS AB The potential for integrating the application of Heterorhabditis indica Poinar, Karunakar, and David (Homl strain) and release of Habrobracon hebetor (Say) in the management of the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hubner), was investigated in the laboratory. A combination of the nematode and the parasitoid was observed to increase the mortality of P. interpunctella. The interaction between the nematodes and parasitoids was not antagonistic but could possibly be additive or synergistic. Release of parasitoids or application of nematodes alone generated between 62.25% and 71.25% mortality of the P. interpunctella larvae whereas combination of the two resulted in 98.0-99.25% mortality. The nematode was found to be virulent to the larvae of the parasitoid but not to the pupae and the adults. Adult female parasitoids that were exposed to both uninfected and nematode-infected P. interpunctella larvae in a free-choice arena were unable to distinguish between the two. In contrast, infective juvenile nematodes preferentially infected parasitized host larvae compared with healthy non-parasitized host larvae. Nematode reproduction was not significantly different in parasitized and non-parasitized host larvae. The combined application of H. indica and H. hebetor for the control of P. interpunctella may be beneficial if the detrimental effects of the nematode on the parasitoid can be minimized through optimum timing. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Mbata, George N.] Ft Valley State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Valley, GA 31030 USA. [Shapiro-Ilan, David I.] ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Mbata, GN (reprint author), Ft Valley State Univ, Dept Biol, 1005 Univ Dr, Ft Valley, GA 31030 USA. EM Mbatag@fvsu.edu FU USAID FX The authors thank K. Halat, Tasha Legget and Tyleka Moore for providing technical assistance. This research was partially supported by a grant from USAID's IPM CRSP program. NR 46 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD AUG PY 2010 VL 54 IS 2 BP 75 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2010.04.009 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 608ID UT WOS:000278576200002 ER PT J AU Yokoyama, VY Caceres, CE Kuenen, LPS Wang, XG Rendon, PA Johnson, MW Daane, KM AF Yokoyama, Victoria Y. Caceres, Carlos E. Kuenen, L. P. S. Wang, Xin-Geng Rendon, Pedro A. Johnson, Marshall W. Daane, Kent M. TI Field performance and fitness of an olive fruit fly parasitoid, Psyttalia humilis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), mass reared on irradiated Medfly SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Psyttalia concolor; Psyttalia humilis; Ceratitis capitata; Bactrocera oleae; Olea europaea; Biological control; Parasitoid rearing; Irradiated fruit fly larvae; Parasitoid flight ID SPECIES COMPLEX HYMENOPTERA; BACTROCERA-OLEAE DIPTERA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; FLETCHERI HYMENOPTERA; CONCOLOR HYMENOPTERA; DIACHASMIMORPHA-LONGICAUDATA; CERATITIS-CAPITATA; FOPIUS-ARISANUS; TEPHRITIDAE; CALIFORNIA AB Adult Psyttalia humilis (Silvestri) were produced from irradiated larvae of Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), at the USDA-APHIS-PPQ, Moscamed biological control laboratory, San Miguel Petapa, Guatemala, and shipped to the USDA-ARS, SJVASC, Parlier, from September 2008 to January 2009 for biological control of olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Rossi), in California. In total, 230,908 individuals were shipped to California and 202,328 were released in the field, a 12.4% mortality rate from shipment to release. Thirteen sample sites were located in nine counties; 11 sites received parasitoids from September 2008 to January 2009 (range: 3114-55,826 per site). Olive fruit fly population density, as measured by adult traps, varied greatly among sites and sample dates - ranging from <1 fly per day (sites in San Joaquin Valley and Sacramento Valley) to 29 individuals per day in (San Jose, CA). Adult emergence of olive fruit fly and P. humilis from >10,000 fruit collected, across all sites and sample dates, showed parasitism ranging from 0-17%. Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the fitness of P. humilis reared on irradiated and fertile C. capitata. Results showed no difference in parental size, progeny produced during a 48 h period, or the number female: male offspring produced; there were significantly fewer eggs in the dissected ovaries of irradiated than fertile female P. humilis. Continuous flight in different air temperatures and air speeds for female and male parasitoids showed no difference in female or male P. humilis reared on irradiated C. capitata or female P. humilis reared on fertile olive fruit fly. Results are discussed with respect to the establishment and effective use of P. humilis for control of olive fruit fly in California's varying climatic regions where olives are grown. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Yokoyama, Victoria Y.; Kuenen, L. P. S.] ARS, USDA, SJVASC, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Guatemala City 10, Guatemala. [Johnson, Marshall W.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Wang, Xin-Geng; Daane, Kent M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Yokoyama, VY (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SJVASC, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM Victoria.Yokoyama@ars.usda.gov FU California Olive Committee, Fresno, California; USDA FX We are grateful to Alicia Aldana, USDA-APHIS-PPQ, San Miguel Petapa, Moscamed biological control laboratory, Guatemala; and Timur De Silva and Richard Gill, USDA-ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Parlier, CA; Hana Yokoyama-Hatch, University of California, Davis for assistance with this project. We thank Rancho Bernardo Winery, San Diego; Proud Bird and Mormon Temple, Los Angeles; Steve Martin, Cayucos; Villages, San Jose; Hudson Vineyards, Napa; Sylvie Robillard, Lemon Cove; and Bill Krueger, Orland for use of their olive trees and orchards. This research was funded in part by the California Olive Committee, Fresno, California and the USDA CSREES Special Grants Program: Pest Management Alternatives. NR 45 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD AUG PY 2010 VL 54 IS 2 BP 90 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2010.04.008 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 608ID UT WOS:000278576200004 ER PT J AU Neumann, G Follett, PA Hollingsworth, RG de Leon, JH AF Neumann, Gabor Follett, Peter A. Hollingsworth, Robert G. de Leon, Jesse H. TI High host specificity in Encarsia diaspidicola (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a biological control candidate against the white peach scale in Hawaii SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Encarsia diaspidicola; Host specificity; Pseudaulacaspis pentagona; Biological control ID TARGIONI-TOZZETTI HEMIPTERA; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; WESTERN SAMOA; PARASITOIDS; VITRIPENNIS; APHIDOIDEA; MARKERS AB Pre-introductory host specificity tests were performed with Encarsia diaspidicola, a biological control candidate against the invasive white peach scale, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona. False oleander scale, P. cockerelli, coconut scale, Aspidiotus destructor, cycad scale, Aulacaspis yasumatsui, greenhouse whitefly, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, green scale, Coccus viridis, and long-tailed mealybug, Pseudococcus longispinus were tested in quarantine using traditional no-choice tests and examined for wasp emergence. The Hawaiian endemic palm scale, Colobopyga pritchardiae was also tested using no-choice tests and evaluated using species-specific molecular markers. All tests used unexposed non-target cohorts and no-choice exposure of white peach scale to the parasitoid as controls. None of the non-target exotic species yielded wasp emergence, and exposure to wasps had no effect on the mortality of the non-target species examined. Molecular tests with the endemic palm scale showed no evidence of parasitism by E. diaspidicola. These results strongly support that E. diaspidicola has a narrow host range and that its release in Hawaii will have negligible risk of non-target effects. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Neumann, Gabor; Follett, Peter A.; Hollingsworth, Robert G.] ARS, USDA, US Pacific Basin, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [de Leon, Jesse H.] ARS, USDA, Kika de la Garza Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX USA. RP Neumann, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Pacific Basin, POB 4459, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM gabor.neumann@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD AUG PY 2010 VL 54 IS 2 BP 107 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2010.04.013 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 608ID UT WOS:000278576200006 ER PT J AU Castrillo, LA Bauer, LS Liu, HP Griggs, MH Vandenberg, JD AF Castrillo, Louela A. Bauer, Leah S. Liu, Houping Griggs, Michael H. Vandenberg, John D. TI Characterization of Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycota: Hypocreales) isolates associated with Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) populations in Michigan SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Agrilus planipennis; Beauveria bassiana; Fraxinus; Entomopathogenic fungus; Microsatellite markers; Bioassay ID EMERALD ASH BORER; METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; NATURAL ENEMIES; GREENHOUSE; CHINA; FIELD AB Earlier research in Michigan on fungal entomopathogens of the emerald ash borer (EAB), a major invasive pest of ash trees, resulted in the isolation of Beauveria bassiana from late-instar larvae and pre-pupae. In the present study, some of these isolates were characterized and compared to ash bark-and soil-derived isolates to determine their reservoir and means of infecting immature EAB. Genetic characterization using seven microsatellite markers showed that most of the EAB-derived strains clustered with bark-or soil-derived strains collected from the same site, indicating the indigenous nature of most strains isolated from EAB. More soil samples contained B. bassiana colony forming units than bark samples, suggesting that soil serves as the primary reservoir for fungal inocula. These inocula may be carried by rain splash and air current from the soil to the lower tree trunk where EAB may become infected. Additionally, inocula could come from infected EAB or other insects infesting ash trees. Bioassay of EAB adults, exposed by dipping in conidial suspensions (10(6) conidia/ml), showed all five representative strains with comparable virulence to the commercial strain GHA. These data demonstrate that indigenous strains of B. bassiana have potential for use as control agents against EAB and suggest that fungal inocula applied to ash trunks may prove viable for controlling EAB in the field. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Castrillo, Louela A.] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Bauer, Leah S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Bauer, Leah S.; Liu, Houping] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Griggs, Michael H.; Vandenberg, John D.] ARS, USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Castrillo, LA (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM lac48@cornell.edu NR 27 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD AUG PY 2010 VL 54 IS 2 BP 135 EP 140 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2010.04.005 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 608ID UT WOS:000278576200010 ER PT J AU Van Driesche, RG Carruthers, RI Center, T Hoddle, MS Hough-Goldstein, J Morin, L Smith, L Wagner, DL Blossey, B Brancatini, V Casagrande, R Causton, CE Coetzee, JA Cuda, J Ding, J Fowler, SV Frank, JH Fuester, R Goolsby, J Grodowitz, M Heard, TA Hill, MP Hoffmann, JH Huber, J Julien, M Kairo, MTK Kenis, M Mason, P Medal, J Messing, R Miller, R Moore, A Neuenschwander, P Newman, R Norambuena, H Palmer, WA Pemberton, R Panduro, AP Pratt, PD Rayamajhi, M Salom, S Sands, D Schooler, S Schwarzlander, M Sheppard, A Shaw, R Tipping, PW van Klinken, RD AF Van Driesche, R. G. Carruthers, R. I. Center, T. Hoddle, M. S. Hough-Goldstein, J. Morin, L. Smith, L. Wagner, D. L. Blossey, B. Brancatini, V. Casagrande, R. Causton, C. E. Coetzee, J. A. Cuda, J. Ding, J. Fowler, S. V. Frank, J. H. Fuester, R. Goolsby, J. Grodowitz, M. Heard, T. A. Hill, M. P. Hoffmann, J. H. Huber, J. Julien, M. Kairo, M. T. K. Kenis, M. Mason, P. Medal, J. Messing, R. Miller, R. Moore, A. Neuenschwander, P. Newman, R. Norambuena, H. Palmer, W. A. Pemberton, R. Panduro, A. Perez Pratt, P. D. Rayamajhi, M. Salom, S. Sands, D. Schooler, S. Schwarzlaender, M. Sheppard, A. Shaw, R. Tipping, P. W. van Klinken, R. D. TI Classical biological control for the protection of natural ecosystems SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Review DE Invasive species; Ecosystem function; Insect pests; Invasive plants; Ecological restoration; Biological control; Natural ecosystems ID ASPARAGOIDES L. DRUCE; INVASIVE ALIEN PLANTS; FLOATING WEED SALVINIA; SOUTH-AFRICAN FYNBOS; WORLD CLIMBING FERN; ULEX-EUROPAEUS L.; PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; PARTHENIUM-HYSTEROPHORUS ASTERACEAE; STARTHISTLE CENTAUREA-SOLSTITIALIS; NEOHYDRONOMUS-AFFINIS COLEOPTERA AB Of the 70 cases of classical biological control for the protection of nature found in our review, there were fewer projects against insect targets (21) than against invasive plants (49), in part, because many insect biological control projects were carried out against agricultural pests, while nearly all projects against plants targeted invasive plants in natural ecosystems. Of 21 insect projects, 81% (17) provided benefits to protection of biodiversity, while 48% (10) protected products harvested from natural systems, and 5% (1) preserved ecosystem services, with many projects contributing to more than one goal. In contrast, of the 49 projects against invasive plants, 98% (48) provided benefits to protection of biodiversity, while 47% (23) protected products, and 25% (12) preserved ecosystem services, again with many projects contributing to several goals. We classified projects into complete control (pest generally no longer important), partial control (control in some areas but not others), and "in progress," for projects in development for which outcomes do not yet exist. For insects, of the 21 projects discussed, 62% (13) achieved complete control of the target pest, 19% (4) provided partial control, and 43% (9) are still in progress. By comparison, of the 49 invasive plant projects considered, 27% (13) achieved complete control, while 33% (16) provided partial control, and 49% (24) are still in progress. For both categories of pests, some projects' success ratings were scored twice when results varied by region. We found approximately twice as many projects directed against invasive plants than insects and that protection of biodiversity was the most frequent benefit of both insect and plant projects. Ecosystem service protection was provided in the fewest cases by either insect or plant biological control agents, but was more likely to be provided by projects directed against invasive plants, likely because of the strong effects plants exert on landscapes. Rates of complete success appeared to be higher for insect than plant targets (62% vs 27%), perhaps because most often herbivores gradually weaken, rather than outright kill, their hosts, which is not the case for natural enemies directed against pest insects. For both insect and plant biological control, nearly half of all projects reviewed were listed as currently in progress, suggesting that the use of biological control for the protection of wildlands is currently very active. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Van Driesche, R. G.] Univ Massachusetts, PSIS Entomol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Carruthers, R. I.; Smith, L.] USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Center, T.; Pemberton, R.; Pratt, P. D.; Rayamajhi, M.; Tipping, P. W.] ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Hoddle, M. S.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Hough-Goldstein, J.] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Morin, L.; Sheppard, A.] CSIRO Entomol, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Wagner, D. L.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Conservat & Biodivers, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Blossey, B.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Brancatini, V.; Heard, T. A.; Julien, M.; Sands, D.; Schooler, S.; van Klinken, R. D.] CSIRO Entomol, Indooroopilly, Qld 4068, Australia. [Casagrande, R.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Plant Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Causton, C. E.] Fdn Charles Darwin, Santa Cruz, Galapagos Isl, Ecuador. [Coetzee, J. A.; Hill, M. P.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Cuda, J.; Frank, J. H.; Medal, J.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ding, J.] Chinese Acad Sci, Invas Ecol & Biocontrol Lab, Wuhan Bot Garden Inst, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Fowler, S. V.] Landcare Res, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand. [Fuester, R.] USDA ARS, Newark, DE 19713 USA. [Goolsby, J.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Res Unit, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Grodowitz, M.] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Hoffmann, J. H.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Zool, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Huber, J.] Nat Resources Canada, AAFC, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Kairo, M. T. K.] Florida A&M Univ, Ctr Biol Control, CESTA, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. [Kenis, M.] CABI Europe Switzerland, CH-2800 Delemont, Switzerland. [Mason, P.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada. [Messing, R.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Kauai Agr Res Ctr, Kapaa, HI 96746 USA. [Miller, R.; Moore, A.] Univ Guam, Western Pacific Trop Res Ctr, Mangilao, GU USA. [Neuenschwander, P.] Int Inst Trop Agr, Cotonou, Benin. [Newman, R.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Norambuena, H.] INIA Carillanca, Inst Invest Agropecuarias, Temuco, Chile. [Palmer, W. A.] Alan Fletcher Res Stn, Dept Employment, Sherwood, Qld 4075, Australia. [Panduro, A. Perez] Carr Mexico, Colegio Postgraduados, Montecillo, Edo De Mexico, Mexico. [Salom, S.] Virginia Tech, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Shaw, R.] CABI E UK, Surrey TW20 9TY, England. [Schwarzlaender, M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Van Driesche, RG (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, PSIS Entomol, Fernald Hall, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM vandries@nre.umass.edu RI Julien, Mic/B-6619-2009; van Klinken, Rieks/B-1772-2009; Schooler, Shon/C-1860-2008; Heard, Tim/B-1125-2008; Palmer, William/D-7234-2011; Fowler, Simon/E-5391-2011; Morin, Louise/B-4822-2009; Sheppard, Andy/C-1045-2009 OI van Klinken, Rieks/0000-0002-7578-8977; Shaw, Richard/0000-0003-0805-1841; Heard, Tim/0000-0003-4975-7314; NR 491 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 15 U2 143 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD AUG PY 2010 VL 54 SU 1 BP S2 EP S33 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2010.03.003 PG 32 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 634RT UT WOS:000280602400002 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, VH Koch, JB Griswold, T AF Gonzalez, Victor H. Koch, Jonathan B. Griswold, Terry TI Anthidium vigintiduopunctatum Friese (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae): the elusive "dwarf bee" of the Galapagos Archipelago? SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Anthidiini; Carpenter bees; MaxEnt; Potential distribution; Species distribution models; Wool Carder bees ID ISLANDS; MANICATUM AB The endemic large carpenter bee, Xylocopa darwini Cockerell, was the only known pollinator to the Galapagos Archipelago but as early as 1964 locals also spoke of the "dwarf bee of Floreana". We report the presence of the wool carder bee, Anthidium vigintiduopunctatum Friese, on the island of Floreana and use a species distribution model to predict its distribution in the archipelago. We found that this species has the potential to invade almost one-third the surface area of the Galapagos Archipelago, primarily in low arid areas. Given that wool carder bees are uncommonly collected, we discuss whether this species is a previously undetected native bee or a recent adventive species to the Galapagos. C1 [Gonzalez, Victor H.; Griswold, Terry] Utah State Univ, USDA, ARS, Pollinating Insects Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Koch, Jonathan B.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Gonzalez, VH (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA, ARS, Pollinating Insects Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM victorgonzab@gmail.com RI Gonzalez Betancourt, Victor /B-9528-2011; Gonzalez, Victor/B-4072-2015 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0742998] FX We want to thank Joe Wilson, Molly Rightmyer, Claus Rasmussen and an anonymous reviewer for their comments and suggestions that improved this note. This study was supported in part by National Science Foundation grant DEB-0742998. NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD AUG PY 2010 VL 12 IS 8 BP 2381 EP 2383 DI 10.1007/s10530-009-9651-9 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 622RJ UT WOS:000279682800001 ER PT J AU Albright, TP Chen, H Chen, LJ Guo, QF AF Albright, Thomas P. Chen, Hao Chen, Lijun Guo, Qinfeng TI The ecological niche and reciprocal prediction of the disjunct distribution of an invasive species: the example of Ailanthus altissima SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Distribution models; Ecological niche; Generalized linear models; Invasive species; Simple Bayes; Tree-of-heaven ID RESOURCE SELECTION FUNCTIONS; PLANT INVASIONS; NORTH-AMERICA; MODELS; CLIMATE; FOREST; HYPOTHESIS; EVOLUTION; PATTERNS; GROWTH AB Knowledge of the ecological niches of invasive species in native and introduced ranges can inform management as well as ecological and evolutionary theory. Here, we identified and compared factors associated with the distribution of an invasive tree, Ailanthus altissima, in both its native Chinese and introduced US ranges and predicted potential US distribution. For both ranges separately, we selected suites of the most parsimonious logistic regression models of occurrence based on environmental variables and evaluated these against independent data. We then incorporated information from both ranges in a simple Bayesian model to predict the potential US distribution. Occurrence of A. altissima in both ranges exhibited a unimodal response to temperature variables. In China, occurrence had negative relationships with topographic wetness and forest cover and positive relationships with precipitation and agricultural and urban land use. In the US, A. altissima was associated with intermediate levels of forest cover and precipitation. The Bayesian model identified 58-80% of 10-arc minute grid cells in the conterminous US as containing suitable areas for A. altissima. The best model developed from Chinese data applied to the US matched most areas of observed occurrence but under-predicted occurrence in lower probability areas. This discrepancy is suggestive of a broadening of the ecological niche of A. altissima and may be due to such factors as less intense competition, increased potency of allelopathy, and novel genotypes formed from multiple introductions. The Bayesian model suggests that A. altissima has the potential to substantially expand its distribution in the US. C1 [Albright, Thomas P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Chen, Hao] Wuhan Univ, Sch Remote Sensing Informat Engn, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Chen, Lijun] Natl Geomat Ctr China, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Guo, Qinfeng] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [Albright, Thomas P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Albright, TP (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM talbrig1@wisc.edu FU United States Geological Survey [144-ME50]; National Science Foundation [DEB-0640058]; USDA FX Research funded by United States Geological Survey grant (144-ME50). Specimen data was accessed from the following herbaria and databases: MO, ARIZ, ASU, AUA, calflora, CM, COLO, CRISIS, FTG, ILLS, INVADERS, IPANE, KUN, LL, LSU, MIL, MISS, MO, MOR, MSC, NY, OKL, OS, OSC, PH, PUL, SAT, SJSU, TAES, TAMU, TEX, UNA, USNM, WIS, JEPS, WTU, UCR, MONTU, F, NAU, UMO, SUWS, UWPL, WSP, UA, USGB, CSUC, QUE, UNB, UBC, NSPM, ALTA, SASK, PE, KUN. The assistance from these institutions is greatly appreciated. We especially thank curators and staff at Missouri Botanical Gardens, The Field Museum, and The Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences for exceptional assistance during our visits there. TPA thanks N. Keuler for statistical consultation, M. Turner and V. Radeloff for comments and support in completing this work, and Z. Zhu for facilitating this collaboration. QG was also supported by National Science Foundation grant (DEB-0640058) and USDA. Comments by two anonymous reviewers improved this manuscript. Author contributions: TPA, QFG, and LJC conceived the study; TPA, QFG, LJC, and CH collected the data; TPA, LJC, and CH analyzed the data; and TPA led the writing. NR 57 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 53 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD AUG PY 2010 VL 12 IS 8 BP 2413 EP 2427 DI 10.1007/s10530-009-9652-8 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 622RJ UT WOS:000279682800006 ER PT J AU Johnson, TD Kolb, TE Medina, AL AF Johnson, Tyler D. Kolb, Thomas E. Medina, Alvin L. TI Do riparian plant community characteristics differ between Tamarix (L.) invaded and non-invaded sites on the upper Verde River, Arizona? SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Arizona; Community analysis; Indicator Species Analysis; Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMS); perMANOVA; Riparian; Saltcedar; Tamarix; Tamarisk; Verde River ID NATIVE POPULUS; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; FLOW REGULATION; GREEN RIVER; SAN-PEDRO; VEGETATION; RAMOSISSIMA; WATER; DISTURBANCE; REGIMES AB Invasion by Tamarix (L.) can severely alter riparian areas of the western U.S., which are globally rare ecosystems. The upper Verde River, Arizona, is a relatively free-flowing river and has abundant native riparian vegetation. Tamarix is present on the upper Verde but is a minor component of the vegetation (8% of stems). This study sought to determine whether riparian vegetation characteristics differed between sites where Tamarix was present and sites where Tamarix was absent during the invasion of the upper Verde. We hypothesized that herbaceous understory and woody plant communities would differ between Tamarix present and absent sites. Our hypothesis was generally confirmed, the two types of sites were different. Tamarix present sites had greater abundance of all vegetation, native understory species, graminoids, and native trees, and a positive association with perennial native wetland plant species. Tamarix absent sites had greater abundance of exotic plants and upland adapted plants and an association with greater abiotic cover and litter. These results are contrary to other reports of Tamarix association with depauperate riparian plant communities, and suggest that Tamarix invasion of a watershed with a relatively natural flow regime and a robust native plant community follows similar establishment patterns as the native riparian plant community. C1 [Johnson, Tyler D.; Medina, Alvin L.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Johnson, Tyler D.; Kolb, Thomas E.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Johnson, Tyler D.] EcoResults Inst, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Johnson, TD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Lincoln Natl Forest, 3463 Las Palomas Rd, Alamogordo, NM 88310 USA. EM tdjohnson@fs.fed.us FU US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Research Work Unit [4302]; Tamarix removal project; Arizona Water Protection Fund Commission (AWPFC) [wpf0342] FX We thank Daniel Laughlin for guidance and comments about community data analysis. Monitoring data gathered in 1997-2006 was funded by the US Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station Research Work Unit 4302. Data gathered in 2007 was funded as a part of a Tamarix removal project in the study area administered by EcoResults! Institute and funded by Arizona Water Protection Fund Commission (AWPFC Grant# wpf0342). Data was gathered in 1997, 1998, 2000, and 2001 with the assistance of the Medina clan (Al, Penny, Scott, and Joyce) as well as Paola Gutierrez. Data was gathered in 2005, 2006, and 2007 with the assistance of J. Wesley Sprinkle, Matthew Halldorson, and Tierra Leonard. Two anonymous reviewers contributed helpful and informative comments and suggestions. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD AUG PY 2010 VL 12 IS 8 BP 2487 EP 2497 DI 10.1007/s10530-009-9658-2 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 622RJ UT WOS:000279682800011 ER PT J AU Fornwalt, PJ Kaufmann, MR Stohlgren, TJ AF Fornwalt, Paula J. Kaufmann, Merrill R. Stohlgren, Thomas J. TI Impacts of mixed severity wildfire on exotic plants in a Colorado ponderosa pine-Douglas-fir forest SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Exotic plants; Fire severity; Pinus ponderosa; Riparian areas; Time since fire ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; NATIONAL-PARK; SIERRA-NEVADA; PRESCRIBED FIRE; CANADIAN WEEDS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GREAT-BASIN; INVASIONS; SUCCESSION; DIVERSITY AB The 2002 Hayman Fire burned with mixed severity across 55,800 ha of montane Colorado forest, including pre-existing plots that were originally measured for understory plant composition and cover in 1997. We examined the influence of the Hayman Fire on exotic plants by remeasuring these plots annually from 2003 to 2007. We found that (1) exotic richness and cover generally increased as fire severity and time since fire increased; (2) the exotic species present in a plot before the fire were also largely present in the plot postfire, regardless of fire severity; (3) most of the new postfire species in a plot were present elsewhere in the study area before the fire, although some new species were truly new invaders that were not found in prefire surveys; (4) lightly burned riparian forests were not more susceptible to exotic invasion than surrounding uplands that burned with similar severity; and (5) native and exotic richness and cover were positively correlated or uncorrelated for all fire severities and years. Our findings indicate that exotics were stimulated by the Hayman Fire, especially in severely burned areas. However, exotic richness and cover remain low as of 2007, and correlations between native and exotic richness and cover suggest that exotics have not yet interfered with native understory development. Therefore, we conclude that exotic plants are not a major ecological threat at present, but recommend that monitoring be continued to evaluate if they will pose a threat in future years. C1 [Fornwalt, Paula J.; Kaufmann, Merrill R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Stohlgren, Thomas J.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Fornwalt, PJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM pfornwalt@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Science Program [03-2-3-08, 04-2-1-118]; NASA [NRA-03-OES-03]; USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station FX This research project was funded by the Joint Fire Science Program (Project Numbers 03-2-3-08 and 04-2-1-118), NASA (Project Number NRA-03-OES-03), and the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station. We gratefully acknowledge Stephanie Asherin, Allison Grow, Rebecca Hemmerling, Micky McNaughton, Jill Oropeza, Lisa Schell, and Betsy Smith for their assistance with plant surveys, and Rebecca Hemmerling, Rick Shory and Jennifer Ventker for help with data management and specimen archiving. We also thank Laurie Huckaby, William Romme, and two anonymous reviewers for their useful comments on earlier drafts of the article, and Rudy King and Jim zumBrunnen for statistical advice. NR 54 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 19 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD AUG PY 2010 VL 12 IS 8 BP 2683 EP 2695 DI 10.1007/s10530-009-9674-2 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 622RJ UT WOS:000279682800026 ER PT J AU Grace, T Wisely, SM Brown, SJ Dowell, FE Joern, A AF Grace, Tony Wisely, Samantha M. Brown, Susan J. Dowell, Floyd E. Joern, Anthony TI Divergent host plant adaptation drives the evolution of sexual isolation in the grasshopper Hesperotettix viridis (Orthoptera: Acrididae) in the absence of reinforcement SO BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE allopatry; ecological speciation; feeding preference; genetic divergence; host-associated divergence; mate choice; microsatellites; near-infrared spectroscopy; reproductive isolation; secondary contact zones; sexual isolation; sympatry ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; CRISTINAE WALKING-STICKS; BEBBIANAE LEAF BEETLES; CUTICULAR HYDROCARBONS; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; GENE FLOW; GENOMIC DIFFERENTIATION; CHORTHIPPUS-PARALLELUS; SYMPATRIC SPECIATION; NATURAL-SELECTION AB Early stages of lineage divergence in insect herbivores are often related to shifts in host plant use and divergence in mating capabilities, which may lead to sexual isolation of populations of herbivorous insects. We examined host preferences, degree of differentiation in mate choice, and divergence in cuticular morphology using near-infrared spectroscopy in the grasshopper Hesperotettix viridis aiming to understand lineage divergence. In Kansas (USA), H. viridis is an oligophagous species feeding on Gutierrezia and Solidago host species. To identify incipient mechanisms of lineage divergence and isolation, we compared host choice, mate choice, and phenotypic divergence among natural grasshopper populations in zones of contact with populations encountering only one of the host species. A significant host-based preference from the two host groups was detected in host-paired feeding preference studies. No-choice mate selection experiments revealed a preference for individuals collected from the same host species independent of geographic location, and little mating was observed between individuals collected from different host species. Female mate choice tests between males from the two host species resulted in 100% fidelity with respect to host use. Significant differentiation in colour and cuticular composition of individuals from different host plants was observed, which correlated positively with host choice and mate choice. No evidence for reinforcement in the zone of contact was detected, suggesting that divergent selection for host plant use promotes sexual isolation in this species. (C) 2010 The Linnean Society of London, Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2010, 100, 866-878. C1 [Grace, Tony; Wisely, Samantha M.; Brown, Susan J.; Joern, Anthony] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Dowell, Floyd E.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Joern, A (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Ackert Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM ajoern@ksu.edu FU Arthropod Genomics Center (KSU); Division of Biology (KSU); Kansas AES [10-217-J] FX We thank Ginny Antony for help with collecting the insects as well as Elizabeth B. Maghirang, USDA ARS, Grain Marketing, and Production Research Center, Engineering and Wind Erosion Research Unit, Manhattan, Kansas, USA, for help with NIR data analysis. D. Beeman, A. Laws, and S. Parsons contributed to the intellectual development of the project. Funding was provided by Arthropod Genomics Center (KSU), Division of Biology (KSU) and Kansas AES (contribution number 10-217-J). NR 59 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0024-4066 J9 BIOL J LINN SOC JI Biol. J. Linnean Soc. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 100 IS 4 BP 866 EP 878 PG 13 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA 640PA UT WOS:000281062500011 ER PT J AU Piazza, GJ Garcia, RA AF Piazza, G. J. Garcia, R. A. TI Proteins and peptides as renewable flocculants SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Blood meal; Feather meal; Flocculation; Gelatin; Meat and bone meal ID BONE MEAL; POLYACRYLAMIDE; ADHESIVES AB Partially hydrolyzed extracts from blood meal, feather meal, and meat and bone meal, as well as a variety of common surplus agricultural proteins were tested for their ability to promote the flocculation of clay. Partial alkaline or enzymatic hydrolyses of blood meal, feather meal, and meat and bone meal were performed to liberate proteins and peptides from their water-insoluble forms. Some of these extracts promoted flocculation. However, if hydrolysis was extensive, low molecular weight peptides were mainly produced, and these extracts did not promote flocculation. Beef skin gelatins and hydrolyzed fish collagen were found to promote flocculation when pH 5.5 buffer was added. Commercial preparations of peptone enzymatic digest and a mixture of keratin and hydrolyzed keratin did not promote flocculation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Piazza, G. J.; Garcia, R. A.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Fats Oils & Anim Coprod Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Piazza, GJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Fats Oils & Anim Coprod Res Unit, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM george.piazza@ars.usda.gov RI Garcia, Rafael/D-2796-2009; OI Garcia, Rafael/0000-0002-5452-3929; Piazza, George/0000-0003-4896-4928 NR 13 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 101 IS 15 BP 5759 EP 5766 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.073 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 601CP UT WOS:000278035900004 PM 20236820 ER PT J AU Li, X Kim, TH Nghiem, NP AF Li, Xuan Kim, Tae Hyun Nghiem, Nhuan P. TI Bioethanol production from corn stover using aqueous ammonia pretreatment and two-phase simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (TPSSF) SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Integrated bioconversion process; Bioethanol; Soaking in aqueous ammonia (SAA); KO11; D5A yeast ID XYLOSE FERMENTATION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ZYMOMONAS-MOBILIS; SOAKING; PATHWAY; STRAIN AB An integrated bioconversion process was developed to convert corn stover derived pentose and hexose to ethanol effectively. In this study, corn stover was pretreated by soaking in aqueous ammonia (SAA), which retained glucan (similar to 100%) and xylan (>80%) in the solids. The pretreated carbohydrates-rich corn stover was converted to ethanol via two-phase simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (TPSSF). This single-reactor process employed sequential simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF), i.e. pentose conversion using recombinant Escherichia coli KO11 in the first phase, followed by hexose conversion with Saccharomyces cerevisiae D5A in the second phase. In the first phase, 88% of xylan digestibility was achieved through the synergistic action of xylanase and endo-glucanase with minimal glucan hydrolysis (10.5%). Overall, the TPSSF using 12-h SAA-treated corn stover resulted in the highest ethanol concentration (22.3 g/L), which was equivalent to 84% of the theoretical ethanol yield based on the total carbohydrates (glucan + xylan) in the untreated corn stover. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Xuan; Kim, Tae Hyun] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Nghiem, Nhuan P.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Kim, TH (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, 3101 NSRIC, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM thkim@iastate.edu OI Kim, Tae Hyun/0000-0002-2225-1199 FU Center for Crop Utilization Research (CCUR) at Iowa State University FX The financial support for this research was provided by Center for Crop Utilization Research (CCUR) at Iowa State University. The authors would like to thank Genencor International (Paulo Alto, CA) for providing enzymes and NREL for providing the feedstocks. NR 23 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 EI 1873-2976 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 101 IS 15 BP 5910 EP 5916 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.015 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 601CP UT WOS:000278035900025 PM 20338749 ER PT J AU Dharmagadda, VSS Nokes, SE Strobel, HJ Flythe, MD AF Dharmagadda, Vidya S. S. Nokes, Sue E. Strobel, Herbert J. Flythe, Michael D. TI Investigation of the metabolic inhibition observed in solid-substrate cultivation of Clostridium thermocellum on cellulose SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acetate; Solid-state fermentation; Bacteria; Ethanol; Cellulase ID END-PRODUCT FORMATION; FERMENTATION ACIDS; ANION ACCUMULATION; SPOROGENES MD1; BACTERIA; ETHANOL; GROWTH; CLOSTRIDIUM-THERMOCELLUM-27405; MECHANISM; TOXICITY AB Metabolic inhibition of Clostridium thermocellum, when grown in a high solids environment, was investigated by comparing submerged fermentation (SmF), solid-substrate cultivation (SSC) and solid-substrate cultivation with media replacement by periodic flushing (FSSC). Cellulose conversion extent and end-product concentrations were measured over time. SmF converted similar to 65% of the cellulose in 240 h (10 days), whereas SSC converted <8% in the same period. FSSC converted approximately 25% and 47% of initial substrate after 240 h: 45% and 71% of initial substrate after 25 days, with media replacement every 24 and 12 h, respectively. The SSC experienced higher initial production rates for all fermentation products, but could not sustain production rates. When acetate concentrations reached a critical point, the acetate decreased the intracellular volume of C. thermocellum cell suspensions at pH values similar to those observed in SSC. Acids produced by fermentation exacerbated the already unfavorable osmotic condition of SSC, resulting in metabolic inhibition. Consistent with this finding, approximately constant amounts of ethanol, acetate and lactate were produced during each flush of the FSSC. Flushed solid-substrate cultivation maintained favorable growth conditions for C. thermocellum even up to 25 days, allowing more total product to be formed than in the other cultivation methods. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Dharmagadda, Vidya S. S.; Nokes, Sue E.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Dharmagadda, Vidya S. S.] Kentucky Dept Agr, Div Regulat & Inspect, Motor Fuel Lab, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Dharmagadda, Vidya S. S.] Kentucky Dept Agr, Div Regulat & Inspect, Pesticide Lab, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Flythe, Michael D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, USDA ARS, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Nokes, SE (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, 215 CE Barnhart Bldg, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM snokes@bae.uky.edu RI Flythe, Michael/F-2500-2010 OI Flythe, Michael/0000-0002-8868-9169 FU United States Department of Agriculture CSREES National Research Initiative [2001-35504-10106]; United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station [09-05-096] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the United States Department of Agriculture CSREES National Research Initiative (Grant 2001-35504-10106). M.F. was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. The investigation reported in this paper (No. 09-05-096) is a part of a project of the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station and is published with the approval of the director. NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 101 IS 15 BP 6039 EP 6044 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.097 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 601CP UT WOS:000278035900041 PM 20362436 ER PT J AU Linton, JM Barnes, HM Seale, RD Jones, PD Lowell, EC Hummel, SS AF Linton, J. M. Barnes, H. M. Seale, R. D. Jones, P. D. Lowell, E. C. Hummel, S. S. TI Suitability of live and fire-killed small-diameter ponderosa and lodgepole pine trees for manufacturing a new structural wood composite SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Steam-pressed scrim lumber; Structural composite lumber; Lodgepole pine; Ponderosa pine; Static bending AB Finding alternative uses for raw material from small-diameter trees is a critical problem throughout the United States. In western states, a lack of markets for small-diameter ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) can contribute to problems associated with overstocking. To test the feasibility of producing structural composite lumber (SCL) beams from these two western species, we used a new technology called steam-pressed scrim lumber (SPSL) based on scrimming technology developed in Australia. Both standing green and fire-killed ponderosa and lodgepole pine logs were used in an initial test. Fire-killed logs of both species were found to be unsuitable for producing SPSL but green logs were suitable for producing SPSL. For SPSL from green material, ponderosa pine had significantly higher modulus of rupture and work-to-maximum load values than did SPSL from lodgepole pine. Modulus of elasticity was higher for lodgepole pine. The presence of blows was greater with lodgepole pine than with ponderosa. Blows had a negative effect on the mechanical properties of ponderosa pine but no significant effect on the mechanical properties of SPSL from lodgepole pine. An evaluation of non-destructive testing methods showed that X-ray could be used to determine low density areas in parent beams. The use of a sonic compression wave tester for NDE evaluation of modulus of rupture showed some promise with SPSL but requires further research. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Linton, J. M.; Barnes, H. M.; Seale, R. D.; Jones, P. D.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forest Prod, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Lowell, E. C.; Hummel, S. S.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Portland, OR 97205 USA. RP Barnes, HM (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forest Prod, Box 9820, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM mbarnes@cfr.msstate.edu FU US Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Experiment Station [FS-EWPM-04-JV11261975-215]; USDA CSREES National Research Initiative [NRI-2004-35103-14152] FX This manuscript was approved as Journal Article No. FP 539, Forest and Wildlife Research Center, Mississippi State University. This research was supported in part by US Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Experiment Station Grant No. FS-EWPM-04-JV11261975-215, and USDA CSREES National Research Initiative, Competitive Grants Program Grant No. NRI-2004-35103-14152. John Arena (Bureau of Indian Affairs), Dave Moyer (Sisters Ranger District, Deschutes National Forest), and Peter Powers (Bend/Ft. Rock Ranger District, Deschutes National Forest) are acknowledged for their assistance in locating and procuring material for this research project. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 101 IS 15 BP 6242 EP 6247 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.021 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 601CP UT WOS:000278035900071 PM 20378344 ER PT J AU Arora, A Dien, BS Belyea, RL Singh, V Tumbleson, ME Rausch, KD AF Arora, Amit Dien, Bruce S. Belyea, Ronald L. Singh, Vijay Tumbleson, M. E. Rausch, Kent D. TI Heat transfer fouling characteristics of microfiltered thin stillage from the dry grind process SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Corn; Ethanol; Evaporator fouling ID CORN; EXCHANGERS; PRESSURE; STREAMS AB We investigated effects of microfiltration (MF) on heat transfer fouling tendencies of thin stillage. A stainless steel MF membrane (0.1 micron pore size) was used to remove solids from thin stillage. At filtration conditions of 690 kPa, the MF process effectively recovered total solids from thin stillage. Thin stillage was concentrated from 7.0% to 22.4% solids with average permeate flux rates of 180 +/- 30 L/m(2)/h at 75 degrees C. In retentate streams, protein and fat contents were increased from 23.5 and 16.7% db to 27.6 and 31.1% db, respectively, and ash content was reduced from 10.5% to 3.8% db. Removal of solids, protein and fat generated a microfiltration permeate (MFP) that was used as an input stream to the fouling probe system; MFP fouling tendencies were measured. An annular fouling probe was used to measure fouling tendencies of thin stillage from a commercial dry grind facility. When comparing diluted thin stillage (DTS) stream and MFP, a reduction in solids concentration was not the only reason of fouling decrement. Selective removal of protein and fat played an important role in mitigating the fouling. At t = 10 h, mean fouling rates of MFP were an order of magnitude lower when compared to thin stillage and diluted streams. When maximum probe temperature (200 degrees C) was reached, mean fouling rates for thin stillage. DTS and MFP were 7.1 x 10(-4), 4.2 x 10(-4) and 2.6 x 10(-4) m(2) degrees C/kW/min, respectively. In DTS and MFP, the induction period was prolonged by factors of 4.3 and 9.5, respectively, compared to the induction period for thin stillage fouling. Mean fouling rates were decreased by factors of 2.3 and 23.4 for DTS and MFP, respectively. Fouling of MFP took twice the time to reach a probe temperature of 200 degrees C than did thin stillage (22 h vs 10 h, respectively). A reduction in heat transfer fouling could be achieved by altering process stream composition using microfiltration. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Arora, Amit; Singh, Vijay; Tumbleson, M. E.; Rausch, Kent D.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Dien, Bruce S.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Belyea, Ronald L.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Rausch, KD (reprint author), Univ Illinois, 1304 W Penn Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM krausch@illinois.edu OI Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 FU Graver Technologies, Glasgow, DE; Illinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research [IDA CF071-012-1-SEN]; National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Specific Cooperative Agreement [SCA 58-3620-2-149]; Agriculture Research Service, USDA, Peoria, IL FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support from Graver Technologies, Glasgow, DE. Partially funded by Illinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research (IDA CF071-012-1-SEN) and National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research, Specific Cooperative Agreement (SCA 58-3620-2-149), Agriculture Research Service, USDA, Peoria, IL. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 101 IS 16 BP 6521 EP 6527 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.077 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 605OH UT WOS:000278356400036 PM 20395132 ER PT J AU Wu, SJ Kim, JM Zhou, CA Jin, ZY Tong, QY AF Wu, Sheng-Jun Kim, Jin-Moon Zhou, Chao Jin, Zheng-Yu Tong, Qun-Yi TI Estimation of pullulan by hydrolysis with pullulanase SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Pullulanase; Pullulan; Estimation ID AUREOBASIDIUM-PULLULANS; SUBSTRATE AB A novel method for the estimation of pullulan was developed in which pullulan was hydrolysed by pullulanase. The hydrolysed product was mainly maltotriose and was determined colorimetrically using 3,5-dimethylsalicylic acid. This gave good linearity with respect to the concentration of pullulan in the fermentation broth. The content of pullulan determined in this way was less than that determined by a coupled enzyme assay and was comparable to that determined by an HPLC method. The new method was specific for estimation of pullulan, demonstrated high accuracy, and could assay pullulan from up to 3.2 mg/ml. C1 [Jin, Zheng-Yu; Tong, Qun-Yi] Jiangnan Univ, State Key Lab Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi, Peoples R China. [Wu, Sheng-Jun; Zhou, Chao] HuaiHai Inst Technol, Sch Food Engn, Lianyungang, Peoples R China. [Kim, Jin-Moon] USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Albany, NY 12203 USA. RP Jin, ZY (reprint author), Jiangnan Univ, State Key Lab Food Sci & Technol, 1800 Lihu Rd, Wuxi, Peoples R China. EM jinlab2008@yahoo.com NR 10 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-5492 J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT JI Biotechnol. Lett. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 32 IS 8 BP 1143 EP 1145 DI 10.1007/s10529-010-0272-2 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 627SS UT WOS:000280063500019 PM 20386956 ER PT J AU Johnson, RC Erickson, VJ Mandel, NL St Clair, JB Vance-Borland, KW AF Johnson, R. C. Erickson, Vicky J. Mandel, Nancy L. St Clair, J. Bradley Vance-Borland, Kenneth W. TI Mapping genetic variation and seed zones for Bromus carinatus in the Blue Mountains of eastern Oregon, USA SO BOTANY-BOTANIQUE LA English DT Article DE genecology; Bromus carinatus; seed zones; plant adaptation ID CONCEPTUAL ISSUES; LOCAL ADAPTATION; UNITED-STATES; DOUGLAS-FIR; RESTORATION; WILDRYE; FORESTS; WEST AB Seed transfer zones ensure that germplasm selected for restoration is suitable and sustainable in diverse environments. In this study, seed zones were developed for mountain brome (Bromus carinatus Hook. & Arn.) in the Blue Mountains of northeastern Oregon and adjoining Washington. Plants from 148 Blue Mountain seed source locations were evaluated in common-garden studies at two contrasting test sites. Data on phenology, morphology, and production were collected over two growing seasons. Plant traits varied significantly and were frequently correlated with annual precipitation and annual maximum temperature at seed source locations (P < 0.05). Plants from warmer locations generally had higher dry matter production, longer leaves, wider crowns, denser foliage, and greater plant height than those from cooler locations. Regression models of environmental variables with the first two principal components (PC 1 and PC 2) explained 46% and 40% of the total variation, respectively. Maps of PC 1 and PC 2 generally corresponded to elevation, temperature, and precipitation gradients. The regression models developed from PC 1 and PC 2 and environmental variables were used to map seed transfer zones. These maps will be useful in selecting mountain brome seed sources for habitat restoration in the Blue Mountains. C1 [Johnson, R. C.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Erickson, Vicky J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. [Mandel, Nancy L.; St Clair, J. Bradley] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Vance-Borland, Kenneth W.] Conservat Planning Inst, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Johnson, RC (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Box 646402, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM rcjohnson@wsu.edu NR 38 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 14 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 1916-2790 J9 BOTANY JI Botany PD AUG PY 2010 VL 88 IS 8 BP 725 EP 736 DI 10.1139/B10-047 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 642IU UT WOS:000281205000003 ER PT J AU Thame, M Fletcher, H Baker, T Jahoor, F AF Thame, Minerva Fletcher, Horace Baker, Tameka Jahoor, Farook TI Comparing the in vivo glycine fluxes of adolescent girls and adult women during early and late pregnancy SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Adolescent pregnancy; Glycine flux; Low birth weight; First trimester; Third trimester ID AMINO-ACID; OVINE PLACENTA; FETAL LAMB; PROTEIN; METABOLISM; TURNOVER; NITROGEN; GLUCOSE; SERINE; FETUS AB During pregnancy, growth of the foetus depends on an adequate glycine supply because it is needed for synthesis of fetal DNA, collagen and serine. Since pregnant adolescent girls give birth to lower birth weight babies, it is possible that they do not produce sufficient glycine to meet overall demands as their adult counterparts, especially after an overnight fast. The objective of the study was to measure and compare the flux of glycine among adolescents and adult women in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. Glycine flux was measured by continuous intravenous infusion of (2)H(2)-glycine in eight overnight fasted adolescents and in eight adult women in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy. There was a significant interaction between subject's age and time of pregnancy (P = 0.02), as weight-specific glycine flux decreased by 39% from trimesters 1 to 3 in the adolescents but increased by approximately 5% in the adults. Whole body glycine flux also decreased significantly in the adolescent group (P<0.05) from trimesters 1 to 3, and this was associated with a significant reduction in plasma glycine concentration. In trimester 3, there was a positive correlation between glycine flux and the subject's age indicating that younger subjects had slower fluxes. These findings suggest that after a brief period of food deprivation, the pregnant adolescent cannot maintain glycine production as her adult counterpart in late pregnancy. It is possible that this inability to maintain endogenous glycine production makes her foetus more vulnerable to impaired growth if food deprivation becomes more frequent or is prolonged. C1 [Jahoor, Farook] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Thame, Minerva; Fletcher, Horace; Baker, Tameka] Univ W Indies, Dept Obstet Gynaecol & Child Hlth, Kingston 7, Jamaica. RP Jahoor, F (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM fjahoor@bcm.edu FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6001] FX All authors contributed to the production of this manuscript, from the design of the study, data collection, analysis and interpretation and writing of the manuscript. None of the authors have any conflict of interest with the funding agency. We are also grateful to the nursing staff of the Obstetrics ward at the University Hospital of the West Indies for their care of the subjects and to the technical staff for their excellent work in the laboratory analyzing the samples. This research was supported with federal funds from the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement Number 58-6250-6001. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 104 IS 4 BP 498 EP 502 DI 10.1017/S0007114510000784 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 650XN UT WOS:000281887700004 PM 20334711 ER PT J AU Prichard, SJ Peterson, DL Jacobson, K AF Prichard, Susan J. Peterson, David L. Jacobson, Kyle TI Fuel treatments reduce the severity of wildfire effects in dry mixed conifer forest, Washington, USA SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RELATIVE IMPORTANCE; FIRE BEHAVIOR; PINE FOREST; MANAGEMENT; CALIFORNIA; WEATHER; OREGON; AREA AB To address hazardous fuel accumulations, many fuel treatments are being implemented in dry forests, but there have been few opportunities to evaluate treatment efficacy in wildfires. We documented the effectiveness of thinning and prescribed burning in the 2006 Tripod Complex fires. Recent fuel treatments burned in the wildfires and offered an opportunity to evaluate if two treatments (thin only and thin and prescribed burn) mitigated fire severity. Fire severity was markedly different between the two treatments. Over 57% of trees survived in thin and prescribed burn (thinRx) units versus 19% in thin only (thin) and 14% in control units. Considering only large-diameter trees (>20 cm diameter at breast height), 73% survived in thinRx units versus 36% and 29% in thin and control units, respectively. Logistic regression modeling demonstrates significant reductions in the log-odds probability of tree death under both treatments with a much greater reduction in thinRx units. Other severity measures, including percent crown scorch and burn severity index, are significantly lower in thinRx units than in thin and control units. This study provides strong quantitative evidence that thinning alone does not reduce wildfire severity but that thinning followed by prescribed burning is effective at mitigating wildfire severity in dry western forests. C1 [Prichard, Susan J.] Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Peterson, David L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Jacobson, Kyle] US Forest Serv, Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit, S Lake Tahoe, CA 96150 USA. RP Prichard, SJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM sprich@u.washington.edu FU Joint Fire Sciences Program; USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station FX This study was funded by the Joint Fire Sciences Program and the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station. We thank Cameron Balog, Jon Dvorak, Travis Freed, Amy Jirka, Phil Monsanto, Joe Restaino, Shawn Smith, and Aarin Sengsirirak for conducting fieldwork. We thank John Daily, Gary Reed, Tom Ketchum, Meg Trebon, and Rick Lind for information on the Tripod Complex fires and logistical support. We thank Bob Vihnanek for field crew supervision, Paige Eagle for database analysis, Robert Norheim and Travis Freed for GIS analysis, and Maureen Kennedy for statistical assistance. We also thank Donald McKenzie, Clint Wright, Maureen Kennedy, Roger Ottmar, and three anonymous reviewers for invaluable comments on the manuscript. NR 37 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 22 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 40 IS 8 BP 1615 EP 1626 DI 10.1139/X10-109 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 642JU UT WOS:000281209600013 ER PT J AU Stephens, SL Fry, DL Collins, BM Skinner, CN Franco-Vizcaino, E Freed, TJ AF Stephens, Scott L. Fry, Danny L. Collins, Brandon M. Skinner, Carl N. Franco-Vizcaino, Ernesto Freed, Travis J. TI Fire-scar formation in Jeffrey pine-mixed conifer forests in the Sierra San Pedro Martir, Mexico SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID NORTH-WESTERN MEXICO; UNITED-STATES; NORTHWESTERN MEXICO; BAJA-CALIFORNIA; MONTANE FORESTS; HISTORY; REGIMES; CLIMATE; NEVADA; UNCERTAINTY AB Little is known about the probability of fire-scar formation. In this study, we examined all mixed conifer trees for fire-scar formation in a 16 ha watershed that burned as part of a 2003 wildfire in Sierra San Pedro Martir National Park (SSPM), Mexico. In addition, we examine the probability of fire-scar formation in relation to the previous fire interval in forests in the SSPM and Sierra Nevada. Within the 16 ha SSPM watershed, 1647 trees were assessed (100% census) for new fire scars. The SSPM wildfire burned around the base of 78% of the trees, but only 8% developed a new fire scar. Although the years from tree germination to first fire scar could potentially represent a fire-free period, there is clear evidence from this study that the inclusion of this interval when computing fire statistics is not justified. When the time since previous fire was <10 years, 10-30 years, and >57 years, the probability of rescarring was approximately 0.05, 0.5, and 0.75, respectively. In areas where fires were frequent (<10 years), fire frequencies derived from fire scars will likely underestimate true fire frequency, at least in forests that are similar to those studied here. C1 [Stephens, Scott L.; Fry, Danny L.; Freed, Travis J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Ecosyst Sci, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Collins, Brandon M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Skinner, Carl N.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. [Franco-Vizcaino, Ernesto] Ctr Invest Cient Educ & Super, Dept Biol Conservacio, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico. RP Stephens, SL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Ecosyst Sci, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM sstephens@berkeley.edu FU University of California, Berkeley FX We appreciate the help from many members of the Stephens' Wildland Fire Science Laboratory who provided field assistance including Richard Rypinski, Katie Collins, Gary Roller, Kurt Menning, Dan Stark, Mary Gross, and Connor and Katie Stephens. This project was supported by USDA Agricultural Experiment Station funds from the University of California, Berkeley. The research reported here was carried out under permits (NUM/SGPA/DGVS/3315, NUM/SGPA/DGVS/04036, and NUM/SGPA/DGVS/04075) issued by the Mexican Ministry of the Environment (SEMARNAT) for the project "Cronologia de incendios y cambios climaticos y de vegetacion en los bosques de coniferas mixtz de la Sierra de San Pedro Martir, Baja California, Mexico." NR 60 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 14 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 40 IS 8 BP 1497 EP 1505 DI 10.1139/X10-083 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 642JU UT WOS:000281209600002 ER PT J AU Liebig, MA Hendrickson, JR Berdahl, JD AF Liebig, M. A. Hendrickson, J. R. Berdahl, J. D. TI Response of soil carbon and nitrogen to transplanted alfalfa in North Dakota rangeland SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Northern Great Plains; carbon sequestration; Medicago falcata; Medicago sativa ID SATIVA SSP FALCATA; MEDICAGO-SATIVA; CULTIVARS; GROWTH AB Liebig, M. A., Hendrickson, J. R. and Berdahl, J. D. 2010. Response of soil carbon and nitrogen to transplanted alfalfa in North Dakota rangeland. Can. J. Soil Sci. 90: 523-526. Incorporation of alfalfa (Medicago spp.) into rangelands can increase forage production and quality and may improve the soil resource. A study was conducted to quantify the effects of alfalfa transplanted into native rangeland on soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN). Results from this study suggest both grazing- and hay-type alfalfa can increase stocks of soil C and N in native rangeland. However, concurrent increases in SOC and TN in a non-alfalfa control treatment underscore the importance of applying caution when interpreting results. C1 [Liebig, M. A.; Hendrickson, J. R.; Berdahl, J. D.] ARS, USDA, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. RP Liebig, MA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Great Plains Res Lab, POB 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. EM mark.liebig@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Agricultural Research Service FX The US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and all agency services are available without discrimination. Mention of commercial products and organizations in this manuscript is solely to provide specific information. It does not constitute endorsement by USDA-ARS over other products and organizations not mentioned. This publication contributes to work supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service GRACEnet Project. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU AGRICULTURAL INST CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 280 ALBERT ST, SUITE 900, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1P 5G8, CANADA SN 0008-4271 J9 CAN J SOIL SCI JI Can. J. Soil Sci. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 90 IS 3 BP 523 EP 526 PG 4 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 649DW UT WOS:000281748900014 ER PT J AU Cheng, HN Wartelle, LH Klasson, KT Edwards, JC AF Cheng, H. N. Wartelle, Lynda H. Klasson, K. Thomas Edwards, John C. TI Solid-state NMR and ESR studies of activated carbons produced from pecan shells SO CARBON LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; PHOSPHORIC-ACID ACTIVATION; AGRICULTURAL BY-PRODUCTS; ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; C-13 NMR; ADSORPTIVE PROPERTIES; CROSS-POLARIZATION; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; ALMOND SHELLS; SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS AB A large number of solid-state NMR and ESR experiments were explored as potential tools to study chemical structure, mobility, and pore volume of activated carbon. We used a model system where pecan shells were activated with phosphoric acid, and carbonized at 450 C for 4 h with varying amounts of air flow. Through the use of different NMR experiments (e.g., CP-MAS, SPE-MAS, and DD-MAS) several structural parameters were calculated such as mole fraction of bridgehead aromatic carbons, number of carbons per aromatic ring system, and number of phenolic carbons per aromatic ring system. The relaxation time measurements (T(1), T(CH), and T(1p)(H)) were indicative of the relative mobility of different structural units. ESR spectra showed the presence of it-type aromatic free radicals in the carbonized samples with a slight shift in g value with increasing oxidation. The combined NMR and ESR data give a consistent picture of the carbon structure and the carbonization process, which is not easily available otherwise. In addition, the (1)H NMR data on adsorbed water are shown to be consistent with the trends in the amount of pore volumes for different samples of activated carbons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cheng, H. N.; Wartelle, Lynda H.; Klasson, K. Thomas] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Edwards, John C.] Proc NMR Associates LLC, Danbury, CT 06810 USA. RP Cheng, HN (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM hn.cheng@ars.usda.gov OI Edwards, John/0000-0001-8247-0708; Klasson, K. Thomas/0000-0003-3358-3081 NR 65 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 26 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-6223 J9 CARBON JI Carbon PD AUG PY 2010 VL 48 IS 9 BP 2455 EP 2469 DI 10.1016/j.carbon.2010.03.016 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 608LK UT WOS:000278585400010 ER PT J AU Agarwal, UP Reiner, RS Ralph, SA AF Agarwal, Umesh P. Reiner, Richard S. Ralph, Sally A. TI Cellulose I crystallinity determination using FT-Raman spectroscopy: univariate and multivariate methods SO CELLULOSE LA English DT Article DE Cellulose; Crystallinity; Raman spectroscopy; FT-Raman; Univariate; Multivariate; PLS; X-ray ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SPRUCE PICEA-MARIANA; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; AMORPHOUS CELLULOSE; WOOD; SPECTRA; NMR; FIBERS; SIZE AB Two new methods based on FT-Raman spectroscopy, one simple, based on band intensity ratio, and the other using a partial least squares (PLS) regression model, are proposed to determine cellulose I crystallinity. In the simple method, crystallinity in cellulose I samples was determined based on univariate regression that was first developed using the Raman band intensity ratio of the 380 and 1,096 cm(-1) bands. For calibration purposes, 80.5% crystalline and 120-min milled (0% crystalline) Whatman CC31 and six cellulose mixtures produced with crystallinities in the range 10.9-64% were used. When intensity ratios were plotted against crystallinities of the calibration set samples, the plot showed a linear correlation (coefficient of determination R (2) = 0.992). Average standard error calculated from replicate Raman acquisitions indicated that the cellulose Raman crystallinity model was reliable. Crystallinities of the cellulose mixtures samples were also calculated from X-ray diffractograms using the amorphous contribution subtraction (Segal) method and it was found that the Raman model was better. Additionally, using both Raman and X-ray techniques, sample crystallinities were determined from partially crystalline cellulose samples that were generated by grinding Whatman CC31 in a vibratory mill. The two techniques showed significant differences. In the second approach, successful Raman PLS regression models for crystallinity, covering the 0-80.5% range, were generated from the ten calibration set Raman spectra. Both univariate-Raman and WAXS determined crystallinities were used as references. The calibration models had strong relationships between determined and predicted crystallinity values (R (2) = 0.998 and 0.984, for univariate-Raman and WAXS referenced models, respectively). Compared to WAXS, univariate-Raman referenced model was found to be better (root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) values of 6.1 and 7.9% vs. 1.8 and 3.3%, respectively). It was concluded that either of the two Raman methods could be used for cellulose I crystallinity determination in cellulose samples. C1 [Agarwal, Umesh P.; Reiner, Richard S.; Ralph, Sally A.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Agarwal, UP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM uagarwal@fs.fed.us NR 36 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 3 U2 70 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0969-0239 J9 CELLULOSE JI Cellulose PD AUG PY 2010 VL 17 IS 4 BP 721 EP 733 DI 10.1007/s10570-010-9420-z PG 13 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA 621NL UT WOS:000279585500004 ER PT J AU Uchimiya, M Lima, IM Klasson, KT Wartelle, LH AF Uchimiya, Minori Lima, Isabel M. Klasson, K. Thomas Wartelle, Lynda H. TI Contaminant immobilization and nutrient release by biochar soil amendment: Roles of natural organic matter SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Biochar; Activated carbon; Heavy metal; Soil; Sulfur; Natural organic matter ID BLACK CARBON; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; REDUCTION; COMPLEXES; ADSORPTION; SPECIATION; OXIDATION; CHARCOAL; SURFACE; MANURE AB Contamination of soil interstitial waters by labile heavy metals such as Cu(II), Cd(II), and Ni(II) is of worldwide concern. Carbonaceous materials such as char and activated carbon have received considerable attention in recent years as soil amendment for both sequestering heavy metal contaminants and releasing essential nutrients like sulfur. Information is currently lacking in how aging impacts the integrity of biochars as soil amendment for both agricultural and environmental remediation purposes. Major contributors to biochar aging in soils are: sorption of environmental constituents, especially natural organic matter (NOM), and oxidation. To investigate the impact of NOM and organic fractions of chars, we employed broiler litter-derived chars and steam-activated carbons that underwent varying degrees of carbonization, in the presence and absence of NOM having known carboxyl contents. For aging by oxidation, we employed phosphoric acid activated carbons that underwent varying degrees of oxidation during activation. The results suggest that the organic fractions of biochars, and NOM having high carboxyl contents can mobilize Cu(II) retained by alkaline soil. Base treatment of broiler litter-derived char formed at low pyrolysis temperature (350 degrees C) improved the immobilization of all heavy metals investigated, and the extent of immobilization was similar to, or slightly greater than pecan shell-derived phosphoric acid activated carbons. Portions of total sulfur were released in soluble form in soil amended with broiler litter-derived carbons, but not pecan shell-derived phosphoric acid activated carbons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Uchimiya, Minori; Lima, Isabel M.; Klasson, K. Thomas; Wartelle, Lynda H.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Uchimiya, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM sophie.uchimiya@ars.usda.gov OI Klasson, K. Thomas/0000-0003-3358-3081 NR 29 TC 129 Z9 144 U1 29 U2 255 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD AUG PY 2010 VL 80 IS 8 BP 935 EP 940 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.05.020 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 638DV UT WOS:000280873200017 PM 20542314 ER PT J AU Dunn, RL Huwe, JK Carey, GB AF Dunn, Rebecca L. Huwe, Janice K. Carey, Gale B. TI Biomonitoring polybrominated diphenyl ethers in human milk as a function of environment, dietary intake, and demographics in New Hampshire SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Biomonitoring; Human milk; Brominated flame retardants; Depuration; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers; PBDEs ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; BREAST-MILK; HOUSE-DUST; HUMAN EXPOSURE; PBDES; FOOD; WOMEN; RATS; POSTPARTUM; PREGNANCY AB Human milk is a valuable biological specimen for biomonitoring lipid-soluble polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of PBDEs in human milk from New Hampshire and to examine potential relationships between PBDE levels in human milk and stage of lactation, maternal characteristics, living environment and dietary intake. Forty women provided up to three human milk samples at the end of their first, second and third month of breastfeeding for evaluation of day-to-day and month-to-month variation in PBDE levels. Participants completed four questionnaires, which provided maternal, living environment, and diet information. The Sigma PBDE concentrations in human milk over the 3-month collection period ranged from 6.5 to 166.7 ng g(-1) lipid. The median for the 3-month period was 29.7 ng g(-1). BDE-47 was the predominant congener, however. BDE-153 predominated in 20% of the participants' samples. Day-to-day variation in Sigma PBDEs was negligible; there was no significant difference in mean PBDE levels from month-to-month. Positive associations were seen between BDE-153 and age, postpartum saturated fat consumption, and the home model. There was a negative association between PBDE levels and fruit consumption during the third trimester. Our results indicate that PBDE levels in human milk from New Hampshire are within the range that has been reported in the US, and levels are stable during the first 3-months of lactation. Our findings revealed a higher predominance pattern with BDE-153 compared to other studies, and indicate that PBDE levels are influenced by diet and the home environment. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Dunn, Rebecca L.] Keene State Coll, Dept Hlth Sci, Keene, NH USA. [Huwe, Janice K.] ARS, USDA, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND USA. [Carey, Gale B.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Mol Cellular & Biomed Sci, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Dunn, RL (reprint author), 229 Main St, Keene, NH 03435 USA. EM rdunn@keene.edu; janice.huwe@ars.usda.gov; gale.carey@unh.edu FU New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station [H-485]; University of New Hampshire; American Dietetic Association Foundation FX New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station Grant H-485; University of New Hampshire President's Research Fund for Excellence; and the American Dietetic Association Foundation. This is Scientific Contribution Number 2430 from the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 34 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD AUG PY 2010 VL 80 IS 10 BP 1175 EP 1182 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.06.017 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 643WO UT WOS:000281330900010 PM 20624628 ER PT J AU Lou, QF Iovene, M Spooner, DM Buell, CR Jiang, JM AF Lou, Qunfeng Iovene, Marina Spooner, David M. Buell, C. Robin Jiang, Jiming TI Evolution of chromosome 6 of Solanum species revealed by comparative fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping SO CHROMOSOMA LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOMES; ZEA-MAYS L.; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PACHYTENE CHROMOSOMES; GENOME; SOLANACEAE; POTATO; DNA; FISH; TOMATO AB Comparative genetic linkage mapping using a common set of DNA markers in related species is an important methodology in plant genome research. Here, we demonstrate a comparative fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) mapping strategy in plants. A set of 13 bacterial artificial chromosome clones spanning the entire length of potato chromosome 6 was used for pachytene chromosome-based FISH mapping in seven distantly related Solanum species including potato, tomato, and eggplant. We discovered one paracentric inversion and one pericentric inversion within specific lineages of these species. The comparative FISH mapping data revealed the ancestral structure of this chromosome. We demonstrate that comparative FISH mapping is an efficient and powerful methodology to study chromosomal evolution among plant species diverged for up to 12 million years. C1 [Spooner, David M.; Jiang, Jiming] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Lou, Qunfeng] Nanjing Agr Univ, State Key Lab Crop Genet & Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Buell, C. Robin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Jiang, JM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jjiang1@wisc.edu RI Jiang, Jiming/A-9614-2009 FU National Science Foundation [DBI-0604907]; Ministry of Education, the People's Republic of China; USDA; NSF [DEB 0316614]; USDA National Research Initiative [2008-35300-18669]; CNR-Institute of Plant Genetics FX This work was supported by grant DBI-0604907 from the National Science Foundation. Q. F. L. was supported by a fellowship from the Ministry of Education, the People's Republic of China. D. M. S. was supported by the USDA and by NSF DEB 0316614 and USDA National Research Initiative Grant 2008-35300-18669. M. I. was on leave of absence from CNR-Institute of Plant Genetics, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy. NR 40 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0009-5915 J9 CHROMOSOMA JI Chromosoma PD AUG PY 2010 VL 119 IS 4 BP 435 EP 442 DI 10.1007/s00412-010-0269-6 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 631VE UT WOS:000280377400010 PM 20352244 ER PT J AU Charles, RC Sheikh, A Krastins, B Harris, JB Bhuiyan, MS LaRocque, RC Logvinenko, T Sarracino, DA Kudva, IT Eisenstein, J Podolsky, MJ Kalsy, A Brooks, WA Ludwig, A John, M Calderwood, SB Qadri, F Ryan, ET AF Charles, Richelle C. Sheikh, Alaullah Krastins, Bryan Harris, Jason B. Bhuiyan, M. Saruar LaRocque, Regina C. Logvinenko, Tanya Sarracino, David A. Kudva, Indira T. Eisenstein, Jana Podolsky, Michael J. Kalsy, Anuj Brooks, W. Abdullah Ludwig, Albrecht John, Manohar Calderwood, Stephen B. Qadri, Firdausi Ryan, Edward T. TI Characterization of Anti-Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhi Antibody Responses in Bacteremic Bangladeshi Patients by an Immunoaffinity Proteomics-Based Technology SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID T-CELL RESPONSES; OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEINS; C-TERMINAL DOMAIN; SYSTEM PHOP-PHOQ; SEROVAR TYPHI; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; HUMAN INFECTION; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; PARATYPHI-A AB Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi is the cause of typhoid fever and a human-restricted pathogen. Currently available typhoid vaccines provide 50 to 90% protection for 2 to 5 years, and available practical diagnostic assays to identify individuals with typhoid fever lack sensitivity and/or specificity. Identifying immunogenic S. Typhi antigens expressed during human infection could lead to improved diagnostic assays and vaccines. Here we describe a platform immunoaffinity proteomics-based technology (IPT) that involves the use of columns charged with IgG, IgM, or IgA antibody fractions recovered from humans bacteremic with S. Typhi to capture S. Typhi proteins that were subsequently identified by mass spectrometry. This screening tool identifies immunogenic proteins recognized by antibodies from infected hosts. Using this technology and the plasma of patients with S. Typhi bacteremia in Bangladesh, we identified 57 proteins of S. Typhi, including proteins known to be immunogenic (PagC, HlyE, OmpA, and GroEL) and a number of proteins present in the human-restricted serotypes S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A but rarely found in broader-host-range Salmonella spp. (HlyE, CdtB, PltA, and STY1364). We categorized identified proteins into a number of major groupings, including those involved in energy metabolism, protein synthesis, iron homeostasis, and biosynthetic and metabolic functions and those predicted to localize to the outer membrane. We assessed systemic and mucosal anti-HlyE responses in S. Typhi-infected patients and detected anti-HlyE responses at the time of clinical presentation in patients but not in controls. These findings could assist in the development of improved diagnostic assays. C1 [Charles, Richelle C.; Harris, Jason B.; LaRocque, Regina C.; Eisenstein, Jana; Podolsky, Michael J.; Kalsy, Anuj; Calderwood, Stephen B.; Ryan, Edward T.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Charles, Richelle C.; Harris, Jason B.; LaRocque, Regina C.; Calderwood, Stephen B.; Ryan, Edward T.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. [Sheikh, Alaullah; Bhuiyan, M. Saruar; Brooks, W. Abdullah; Qadri, Firdausi] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Krastins, Bryan; Sarracino, David A.] Thermo Fisher Sci, Cambridge, MA USA. [Logvinenko, Tanya] Tufts Univ, Biostat Res Ctr, Med Ctr, ICRHPS, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Kudva, Indira T.] ARS, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Natl Ctr Anim Hlth, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Ludwig, Albrecht] Klinikum Johann Wolfgang Goethe Univ, Inst Med Mikrobiol & Krankenhaushyg, Frankfurt, Germany. [John, Manohar] Pathovacs Inc, Ames, IA USA. [Calderwood, Stephen B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ryan, Edward T.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Charles, RC (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Jackson 504,55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM rccharles@partners.org FU National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [AI072599, AI077883, AI058935, NS059429]; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; Fogarty International Center [TW05572, TW05572-09S1, TW007409, TW07144]; NIAID [AI089721]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [LU 842/1-1] FX This work was supported by the ICDDR, B, grants from the National Institutes of Health, including the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (AI072599 [E. T. R.], AI077883 [E. T. R.], AI058935 [R. C. C. and S. B. C.], NS059429 [J.B.H.]), the PneumoADIP Project of the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health (W. A. B.), an ICDDRB-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative Agreement (W. A. B.), a Training Grant in Vaccine Development from the Fogarty International Center, including an ARRA supplement (TW05572 [A. S., M. S. B., and F. Q.] and TW05572-09S1 [R. C. C.]), Career Development Awards (K01) from the Fogarty International Center (TW007409 [J.B.H.], TW07144 [R. C. L.]) and (K08) from the NIAID (AI089721 [R. C. C.]), a Physician Scientist Early Career Award from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute (R. C. L.), and a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (LU 842/1-1 [A. L.]). NR 57 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 17 IS 8 BP 1188 EP 1195 DI 10.1128/CVI.00104-10 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 633XG UT WOS:000280539900004 PM 20573880 ER PT J AU Javadi, A Srithep, Y Lee, J Pilla, S Clemons, C Gong, SQ Turng, LS AF Javadi, Alireza Srithep, Yottha Lee, Jungjoo Pilla, Srikanth Clemons, Craig Gong, Shaoqin Turng, Lih-Sheng TI Processing and characterization of solid and microcellular PHBV/PBAT blend and its RWF/nanoclay composites SO COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article DE Polymer-matrix composites (PMCs); Mechanical properties; Injection molding ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FIBER COMPOSITES; POLYMER BLENDS; RENEWABLE RESOURCES; NUCLEATING-AGENTS; PCL/PLLA BLENDS; WOOD FIBER; CRYSTALLIZATION; NANOCOMPOSITES; POLYLACTIDE AB Solid and microcellular components made of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)/poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blend (weight ratio of PHBV:PBAT = 30:70), recycled wood fiber (RWF), and nanoclay (NC) were prepared via a conventional and microcellular-injection molding process, respectively. Morphology, thermal properties, and mechanical properties were investigated. The addition of 10% RWF (both untreated and silane-treated) reduced the cell size and increased the cell density of the microcellular components. Also, the addition of 10% RWF (both untreated and silane-treated) generally increased the specific Young's modulus and tensile strength, but decreased the specific toughness and strain-at-break in both solid and microcellular components. Moreover, unlike the neat PHBV/PBAT blend, microcellular PHBV/PBAT/RWF (both untreated and silane-treated) composites showed higher specific toughness and strain-at-break compared to their solid counterparts. In addition, higher specific toughness and strain-at-break was observed in the PHBV/PBAT/untreated-RWF composite compared with the PHBV/PBAT/silane-treated RWF composite, particularly in the microcellular components. The degree of PHBV crystallinity increased significantly in both solid and microcellular PHBV/PBAT/RWF composites although the degree of PHBV crystallinity in the solid components was slightly higher than that of their microcellular counterparts. The effects of adding 2% nanoclay on the properties of the PHBV/PBAT/silane-treated-RWF composite were also investigated. The nanoclays exhibited an intercalated structure in the composites based on XRD analysis and did not induce significant changes in the cell morphology and mechanical properties of the PHBV/PBAT/silane-treated-RWF composite. However, it did improve its thermal stability. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gong, Shaoqin] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biomed Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Javadi, Alireza; Gong, Shaoqin] Univ Wisconsin Milwaukee, Dept Mat, Milwaukee, WI USA. [Pilla, Srikanth; Gong, Shaoqin] Univ Wisconsin Milwaukee, Dept Mech Engn, Milwaukee, WI USA. [Srithep, Yottha; Lee, Jungjoo; Turng, Lih-Sheng] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Mech Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Clemons, Craig] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Gong, SQ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biomed Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM shaoqingong@wisc.edu; turng@engr.wisc.edu RI Pilla, Srikanth/F-4622-2011 OI Pilla, Srikanth/0000-0003-3728-6578 FU University of Wisconsin; US Environmental Protection Agency FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the University of Wisconsin Solid Waste Research Program and the US Environmental Protection Agency. NR 47 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1359-835X J9 COMPOS PART A-APPL S JI Compos. Pt. A-Appl. Sci. Manuf. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 41 IS 8 BP 982 EP 990 DI 10.1016/j.compositesa.2010.04.002 PG 9 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Composites SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 614ZA UT WOS:000279097200007 ER PT J AU Simmons, AM Kousik, CS Levi, A AF Simmons, Alvin M. Kousik, Chandrasekar S. Levi, Amnon TI Combining reflective mulch and host plant resistance for sweetpotato whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) management in watermelon SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Bemisia tabaci; Reflective mulch; Watermelon; Sweetpotato whitefly; Host plant resistance ID BEMISIA-ARGENTIFOLII HOMOPTERA; TABACI GENNADIUS HOMOPTERA; LEAF-CRUMPLE-VIRUS; ZUCCHINI SQUASH; STICKY TRAPS; FLORIDA; PARASITOIDS; CUCURBITS; CITRULLUS; DISEASES AB A study was conducted to evaluate the use of reflective mulch and host plant resistance for the management of the sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), in watermelon [Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus (Thunberg) Matsum & Nakai]. Whitefly abundance data were collected under both greenhouse (caged and uncaged) and field conditions. Consistently, a reflective mulch (also called silver or metallic) treatment resulted in a lower incidence of adult whiteflies as compared with a standard black mulch treatment. Moreover, two whitefly resistant Citrullus colocynthis (L) Schrad genotypes, which are wild relatives of cultivated watermelon, reduced whitefly populations as compared with standard watermelon. There was generally no interaction between the mulch and genotype variables. No effect of mulch color was observed on sticky card capture of Delphastus catalinae (Horn), a whitefly predator, or on capture of an Eretmocerus sp. whitefly parasitoid in caged trials, which suggests no adverse effect on these natural enemies when using reflective mulch. Overall whitefly populations were relatively low during four seasons of field trials (2006-2009). Results from this study suggest that a combination of using reflective mulch and host plant resistance can additively suppress whitefly infestations, which have particular importance in the fast-growing organic vegetable production industry. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Simmons, Alvin M.; Kousik, Chandrasekar S.; Levi, Amnon] ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Simmons, AM (reprint author), ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM alvin.simmons@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 29 IS 8 BP 898 EP 902 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2010.04.003 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 619YG UT WOS:000279465600019 ER PT J AU Karabulut, OA Smilanick, JL Crisosto, CH Palou, L AF Karabulut, Ozgur Akgun Smilanick, Joseph L. Crisosto, Carlos H. Palou, Lluis TI Control of brown rot of stone fruits by brief heated water immersion treatments SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Monilinia fructicola; Postharvest diseases; Peach; Nectarine; Plum; Hot water; Prunus spp. ID HOT-WATER; POSTHARVEST DISEASES; PEACHES; DECAY AB The effectiveness of brief (30 or 60 s) immersion in water at 24, 50, 55, 60, 65, or 70 degrees C was evaluated for the control of brown rot, caused by Monilinia fructicola, on California-grown peaches, nectarines, and plums. Inoculated fruits were treated and either stored at 20 degrees C for 5 days or at 0 degrees C and 95% RH for 30 days followed by 5 days at 20 degrees C to simulate commercial marketing conditions. Immersion in water at 55 degrees C for 60 s or at 60 degrees C for 30 or 60 s significantly reduced both decay incidence and severity among the remaining wounds that developed the disease. Water temperatures of 65 degrees C or higher were phytotoxic and caused moderate to severe surface injuries. Immersion in water at 60 degrees C for 60 s was effective for plums and it reduced the incidence of brown rot from more than 80% among control fruit to less than 2%. In nectarines, this treatment reduced decay incidence from 100 to less than 5% on fruit stored at 20 degrees C and from 73 to 28% on cold-stored fruit. Therefore, brief immersion in heated water can be an effective approach to manage postharvest brown rot of stone fruits, especially for the organic fruit industry. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Palou, Lluis] Valencian Inst Agr Res IVIA Apartat Oficial, Postharvest Technol Ctr, Pathol Lab, Valencia 46113, Spain. [Karabulut, Ozgur Akgun] Uludag Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Protect, TR-16384 Gorukle, Turkey. [Smilanick, Joseph L.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Crisosto, Carlos H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Kearney Agr Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Palou, L (reprint author), Valencian Inst Agr Res IVIA Apartat Oficial, Postharvest Technol Ctr, Pathol Lab, Valencia 46113, Spain. EM palou_llu@gva.es RI Palou, Lluis/C-9066-2012 OI Palou, Lluis/0000-0002-9385-6814 FU California Department of Food and Agriculture FX The authors thank the Specialty Crops Research Program of the California Department of Food and Agriculture for financial assistance to conduct this work, and Monir F. Mansour for critical review of the manuscript. NR 11 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 29 IS 8 BP 903 EP 906 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2010.03.010 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 619YG UT WOS:000279465600020 ER PT J AU Flythe, M Kagan, I AF Flythe, Michael Kagan, Isabelle TI Antimicrobial Effect of Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) Phenolic Extract on the Ruminal Hyper Ammonia-Producing Bacterium, Clostridium sticklandii SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYPHENOL OXIDASE; ISOFLAVONOID BIOSYNTHESIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RUMEN BACTERIA; AMINO-ACIDS; PROTEOLYSIS; FORMONONETIN; METABOLISM; EXPRESSION; RESISTANCE AB Ruminal proteolysis and subsequent amino acid degradation represent considerable economic loss in ruminant production. The hyper ammonia-producing bacteria (HAB) are largely responsible for amino acid deamination in the rumen. HAB can be controlled with ionophores, but they are also susceptible to antimicrobial plant secondary metabolites. Red clover (Trifolium pratense) is rich in soluble phenolics, and it is also more resistant to proteolysis than other legumes. The goal of this study was to identify phenolic compounds from Trifolium pratense cultivar Kenland, and determine if any of the compounds possessed antimicrobial activity against the bovine HAB, Clostridium sticklandii SR. HPLC analysis revealed that clover tissues were rich in the isoflavonoids formononetin and biochanin A, particularly in plants left to wilt for 24 h. Biochanin A inhibited C. sticklandii in bioassays that employed thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Both clover extracts and biochanin A inhibited the growth of C. sticklandii in broth culture, but formononetin had no effect. These results indicate that clover phenolic compounds may have a role in preventing amino acid fermentation. C1 [Flythe, Michael; Kagan, Isabelle] ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, USDA, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Flythe, Michael] Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Flythe, M (reprint author), ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, USDA, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM Michael.Flythe@ars.usda.gov RI Flythe, Michael/F-2500-2010 OI Flythe, Michael/0000-0002-8868-9169 FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service FX We thank Dr. Norman L. Taylor (University of Kentucky, Department of Plant and Soil Science) for providing access to the clover plots used in this study, and for helpful discussions. This study was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. NR 45 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0343-8651 EI 1432-0991 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 61 IS 2 BP 125 EP 131 DI 10.1007/s00284-010-9586-5 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 629UG UT WOS:000280224600008 PM 20087740 ER PT J AU Schaefer, EJ Santos, RD Asztalos, BF AF Schaefer, Ernst J. Santos, Raul D. Asztalos, Bela F. TI Marked HDL deficiency and premature coronary heart disease SO CURRENT OPINION IN LIPIDOLOGY LA English DT Review DE apolipoprotein A-I deficiency; ATP-binding cassette A1 transporter dysfunction; coronary heart disease; high-density lipoprotein deficiency; lecithin : cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency; Tangier disease AB Purpose of review Our purpose is to review recent publications in the area of marked human HDL deficiency, HDL particles, coronary heart disease (CHD), amyloidosis, the immune response, and kidney disease. Recent findings Lack of detectable plasma apolipoprotein (apo) A-I can be due to DNA deletions, rearrangements, or nonsense or frameshift mutations within the APOA1 gene resulting in a lack of apoA-I secretion. Such patients have marked HDL deficiency, normal levels of triglycerides and LDL cholesterol, and can have xanthomas and premature CHD. ApoA-I variants with amino acid substitutions, especially in the region of amino acid residues 50-93 and 170-178, have been associated with amyloidosis. Patients with homozygous Tangier disease have defective cellular cholesterol efflux due to mutations in the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1, detectable plasma apoA-I levels and pre beta-1 HDL in their plasma. They have decreased LDL cholesterol levels and can develop neuropathy and premature CHD. Patients with lecithin : cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency have both preb-1 and alpha-4 HDL present in their plasma and develop corneal opacities, anemia, proteinuria, and kidney failure. Summary Patients with marked HDL deficiency can have great differences in their clinical phenotype depending on the underlying defect.Summary Patients with marked HDL deficiency can have great differences in their clinical phenotype depending on the underlying defect. C1 [Schaefer, Ernst J.; Asztalos, Bela F.] Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Schaefer, Ernst J.; Asztalos, Bela F.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Santos, Raul D.] Univ Sao Paulo, Med Sch Hosp, Lipid Clin, Heart Inst InCor, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Schaefer, EJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM ernst.schaefer@tufts.edu RI Santos, Raul/A-1170-2010 OI Santos, Raul/0000-0002-9860-6582 FU National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD [HL-60935, HL 74753, PO50HL083813]; US Department of Agriculture, Washington DC [53-3K06-5-10] FX Supported by research grants to the Lipid Metabolism Laboratory at Tufts University from the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (HL-60935, HL 74753 and PO50HL083813) and the US Department of Agriculture, Washington DC (contract 53-3K06-5-10) (Drs Schaefer and Asztalos) and research grants to INCOR (Dr Santos). NR 13 TC 52 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0957-9672 J9 CURR OPIN LIPIDOL JI Curr. Opin. Lipidology PD AUG PY 2010 VL 21 IS 4 BP 289 EP 297 DI 10.1097/MOL.0b013e32833c1ef6 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 623XU UT WOS:000279781500001 PM 20616715 ER PT J AU Rep, M Kistler, HC AF Rep, Martijn Kistler, H. Corby TI The genomic organization of plant pathogenicity in Fusarium species SO CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID AFLATOXIN GENE-CLUSTER; AVIRULENCE GENE; LEPTOSPHAERIA-MACULANS; MAGNAPORTHE-GRISEA; SUPERNUMERARY CHROMOSOME; NECTRIA-HAEMATOCOCCA; ADAPTIVE EVOLUTION; FUNGAL; EXPRESSION; VIRULENCE AB Comparative genomics is a powerful tool to infer the molecular basis of fungal pathogenicity and its evolution by identifying differences in gene content and genomic organization between fungi with different hosts or modes of infection. Through comparative analysis, pathogenicity-related chromosomes have been identified in Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani that contain genes for host-specific virulence. Lateral transfer of pathogenicity chromosomes, inferred from genomic data, now has been experimentally confirmed. Likewise, comparative genomics reveals the evolutionary relationships among toxin gene clusters whereby the loss and gain of genes from the cluster may be understood in an evolutionary context of toxin diversification. The genomic milieu of effector genes, encoding small secreted proteins, also suggests mechanisms that promote genetic diversification for the benefit of the pathogen. C1 [Rep, Martijn] Univ Amsterdam, Swammerdam Inst Life Sci, Fac Sci, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Kistler, H. Corby] Univ Minnesota, ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Rep, M (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, Swammerdam Inst Life Sci, Fac Sci, POB 94215, NL-1090 GE Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM m.rep@uva.nl; hckist@umn.edu FU Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research; Centre for Biosystems Genomics; United States Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative; National Science Foundation FX We thank our colleague Li-Jun Ma for her enthusiasm and tireless efforts for a greater understanding of fungal biology through genomics. We also thank Dr. Ma and Leslie Gaffney for the preparation of Figure 1. MR acknowledges the support of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research and the Centre for Biosystems Genomics. HCK acknowledges the support of the United States Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative and the National Science Foundation, Environmental Genomics program. NR 41 TC 62 Z9 66 U1 2 U2 52 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1369-5266 J9 CURR OPIN PLANT BIOL JI Curr. Opin. Plant Biol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 13 IS 4 BP 420 EP 426 DI 10.1016/j.pbi.2010.04.004 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 638PY UT WOS:000280908300010 PM 20471307 ER PT J AU Robb, EA Cheng, HH Delany, ME AF Robb, Elizabeth A. Cheng, Hans H. Delany, Mary E. TI Chromosomal regions associated with developmental mutations in congenic inbred lines of chicken SO DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Developmental-Biology/Japanese-Society-of-Developmental-Biol ogists CY AUG 05-09, 2010 CL Albuquerque, NM SP Soc Dev Biol, Japanese Soc Dev Biologists C1 [Robb, Elizabeth A.; Delany, Mary E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cheng, Hans H.] USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0012-1606 J9 DEV BIOL JI Dev. Biol. PD AUG 1 PY 2010 VL 344 IS 1 MA 275 BP 493 EP 493 DI 10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.05.437 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology SC Developmental Biology GA 632LO UT WOS:000280426400305 ER PT J AU Shirk, PD Shapiro, JP AF Shirk, Paul D. Shapiro, Jeffrey P. TI Feeding and mating are required for ovarian development and egg production in the predaceous minute pirate bug Orius pumilio SO DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 69th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Developmental-Biology/Japanese-Society-of-Developmental-Biol ogists CY AUG 05-09, 2010 CL Albuquerque, NM SP Soc Dev Biol, Japanese Soc Dev Biologists C1 [Shirk, Paul D.; Shapiro, Jeffrey P.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0012-1606 J9 DEV BIOL JI Dev. Biol. PD AUG 1 PY 2010 VL 344 IS 1 MA 356 BP 514 EP 514 DI 10.1016/j.ydbio.2010.05.367 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology SC Developmental Biology GA 632LO UT WOS:000280426400381 ER PT J AU Dow, TL Rogers-Nieman, G Holaskova, I Elsasser, TH Dailey, RA AF Dow, T. L. Rogers-Nieman, G. Holaskova, I. Elsasser, T. H. Dailey, R. A. TI Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and acute-phase proteins in early pregnant ewes after challenge with peptidoglycan-polysaccharide SO DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pregnancy; Sheep; Peptidoglycan-polysaccharide; gram-positive bacteria; Haptoglobin; SAA; TNF-alpha ID EARLY EMBRYO LOSS; DAIRY-COWS; REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE; SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS; CLINICAL MASTITIS; EARLY LACTATION; HAPTOGLOBIN; EXPRESSION; SHEEP; INTERFERON AB Bacterial infection shortly after mating interferes with establishment of pregnancy. Injection of peptidoglycan-polysaccharide (PG-PS), a component of gram-positive bacteria, into sheep on day 5 after mating reduces pregnancy rate. Experiments were designed to evaluate the acute-phase response (APR) in ewes to injection of PG-PS on day 5 after mating (day 0). Catheters were inserted into the jugular and posterior vena cava on day 4. On day 5, ewes were challenged with saline or 30 mu g/kg body weight (BW) PG-PS (Exp 1) or 60 mu g/kg BW PG-PS (Exp 2). Blood samples were collected every 15 min for 6 h (Exp 1) and every 15 min for 2 h, hourly for 12 h, and at 24, 36, and 48 h (Exp 2). Body temperature and clinical signs of infection were monitored in Exp 2. Plasma was assayed for concentrations of a pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha); 2 APR proteins, serum amyloid A (SAA) and haptoglobin (Hp); and progesterone (P(4)). Ewes injected with 60 mu g/kg BW PG-PS exhibited fever, vaginal discharge, loss of appetite, and lethargy. After challenge with either 30 mu g/kg or 60 mu g/kg BW PG-PS, TNF-alpha increased in the posterior vena cava. Concentrations of SAA and Hp in the jugular increased after challenge with 60 mu g/kg BW PG-PS. Only half (5/10) of the ewes treated with 60 mu g/kg BW PG-PS had ultrasonically visible embryos, and none of them had functional corpora lutea (CL) (<1 ng/mL of P(4)) on day 21. On the other hand, 8/9 (88.9%) control ewes had visible embryos and all had functional CL on day 21. Using logistic regression, pregnancy on day 21 was predicted to depend on concentrations of TNF-alpha and Hp on day 5 and concentration of P(4) on day 14. In summary, injection of PG-PS on day 5 after mating resulted in fever; increased concentrations of TNF-alpha, Hp, and SAA on the day of and the day after the PG-PS challenge; and decreased concentrations of P(4) on days 14 and 21. These factors were related to failure to establish pregnancy. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Dow, T. L.; Rogers-Nieman, G.; Holaskova, I.; Dailey, R. A.] W Virginia Univ, Div Anim & Nutr Sci, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Elsasser, T. H.] ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Dailey, RA (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Anim & Nutr Sci, POB 6108, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM rdailey@wvu.edu FU USDA [1433] FX The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. This work is published with the approval of the director of the WV Agriculture and Forestry Experiment Station as Scientific Paper No. 3061 from the Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences and was supported by USDA CSREES Sec. 1433 Animal Health Research. NR 41 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0739-7240 J9 DOMEST ANIM ENDOCRIN JI Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 2 BP 147 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.domaniend.2010.04.001 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Agriculture; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 629OB UT WOS:000280208100008 PM 20603027 ER PT J AU Tipping, PW Martin, MR Bauer, L Pokorny, E Center, TD AF Tipping, Philip W. Martin, Melissar R. Bauer, Laurie Pokorny, Eileen Center, Ted D. TI Asymmetric impacts of two herbivore ecotypes on similar host plants SO ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cyrtobagous salviniae; ecotype; local adaptation; Salvinia minima; Salvinia molesta ID FLOATING WEED SALVINIA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; CYRTOBAGOUS-SALVINIAE; HUSTACHE COLEOPTERA; RAPID EVOLUTION; MOLESTA; SIZE; ECOSYSTEMS; CURCULIONIDAE AB 1. Ecotypes may arise following allopatric separation from source populations. The simultaneous transfer of an exotic plant to a novel environment, along with its stenophagous herbivore, may complicate more traditional patterns of divergence from the plant and insect source populations. 2. The present study evaluated herbivory effects by two Cyrtobagous salviniae ecotypes on two species of Salvinia: the larger S. molesta and the smaller S. minima. Evaluations were based on relative growth rates, biomass production, coverage, and nutrient cycling in a series of complementary and comparative laboratory and outdoor tank experiments. 3. In general, the experiment results indicated that the smaller Florida ecotype of C. salviniae impacted both Salvinia species more than the larger Brazil ecotype. Herbivory, especially by the Florida ecotype, also improved water quality and accelerated nutrient cycling by increasing the rates of litterfall from the standing crops of salvinia. 4. The smaller size of the Florida ecotype may be adaptive by allowing maximal exploitation of host plants via internal larval feeding, which presumably reduces predation risk while increasing damage to the plant. These findings provide support for relying on the suppressive effects of the Florida ecotype in Florida, rather than introducing the Brazil ecotype to counter new infestations of S. molesta. C1 [Tipping, Philip W.; Pokorny, Eileen; Center, Ted D.] ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Martin, Melissar R.] USA, Corps Engineers, Miami, FL USA. [Bauer, Laurie] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Ctr Coast Monitoring & Assessment, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Tipping, PW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM philip.tipping@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0307-6946 J9 ECOL ENTOMOL JI Ecol. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 35 IS 4 BP 469 EP 476 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2311.2010.01203.x PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 619PA UT WOS:000279440900008 ER PT J AU Swope, SM Parker, IM AF Swope, Sarah M. Parker, Ingrid M. TI Trait-mediated interactions and lifetime fitness of the invasive plant Centaurea solstitialis SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biological control; California, USA; Centaurea solstitialis; cumulative stress; Eustenopus villosus; indirect interactions; interference; Puccinia jaceae f.s. solstitialis; synergy; yellow starthistle ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; INTERSPECIFIC INTERACTIONS; RAPHANUS-RAPHANISTRUM; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; FOLIAR HERBIVORY; FEEDING INSECTS; SEED PREDATORS; COMPETITION; DEFENSE; THISTLE AB Plants interact with numerous enemies and mutualists simultaneously and sequentially. Such multispecies interactions can give rise to trait-mediated indirect effects that are likely to be common in nature but which are also inherently difficult to predict. Understanding multispecies interactions is also important in the use of biological control agents to control invasive plants because modern approaches to biocontrol rely on releasing multiple agents for each target weed. Centaurea solstitialis is one of the most problematic invasive weeds in California, USA, and the weevil Eustenopus villosus is its dominant biological control agent. We conducted a field experiment to quantitatively assess the direct effect of the recently approved biocontrol pathogen Puccinia jaceae f.s. solstitialis on plant performance and any indirect effects that might arise by altering the plant's interactions with Eustenopus or its pollinators (principally the nonnative Apis mellifera). We documented both synergy and interference between the two biocontrol agents depending on the life stage of the weevil. Puccinia infection increased the impact of bud-feeding by the adult weevils but reduced the impact of seed-feeding by larval weevils. Neither infection nor Eustenopus attack had an effect on pollinator visitation. The net effect was that attack by both the pathogen and the weevil did not reduce plant fitness relative to plants attacked only by the weevil. Because the consequence to the plant of interacting with one species may depend on the presence or absence of other interacting species, a careful consideration of multispecies interactions may be necessary for the selection of biocontrol agents that act in a complementary manner to reduce plant fitness. Likewise, relatively tractable weed-biocontrol systems allow us to examine multispecies interactions that can be difficult to study experimentally in native systems that are composed of numerous species with well-established populations. C1 [Swope, Sarah M.; Parker, Ingrid M.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Swope, Sarah M.] ARS, USDA, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Swope, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM swope@biology.ucsc.edu FU USDA's Exotic and Invasive Weeds Research Unit; NSF [DEB-0808337] FX We thank Marci Beitch and Laurel Warddrip for their diligent work in the field. This work was supported by the USDA's Exotic and Invasive Weeds Research Unit and NSF Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant DEB-0808337. Dale Woods and Viola Popescu (California Deparment of Food and Agriculture) provided Puccinia spores. Carla D'Antonio, Dan Doak, Laurel Fox, and two anonymous reviewers provided comments that greatly improved an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 49 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 13 U2 61 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD AUG PY 2010 VL 91 IS 8 BP 2284 EP 2293 DI 10.1890/09-0855.1 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 628WA UT WOS:000280153500012 PM 20836450 ER PT J AU Aanderud, ZT Richards, JH Svejcar, T James, JJ AF Aanderud, Zachary T. Richards, James H. Svejcar, Tony James, Jeremy J. TI A Shift in Seasonal Rainfall Reduces Soil Organic Carbon Storage in a Cold Desert SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Artemisia tridentata spp. wyomingensis; climate change; Great Basin Desert; Pseudoroegneria spicata; shrub-steppe ecosystem; soil organic matter ID SIMULATED CLIMATE-CHANGE; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; COLORADO PLATEAU; PRECIPITATION; VARIABILITY; ECOSYSTEMS; GRASSLAND; PATTERNS; 20TH-CENTURY; VEGETATION AB Shifts in the seasonal timing of rainfall have the potential to substantially affect the immense terrestrial stores of soil organic carbon (C, SOC). It remains unclear, however, how changes in the timing of rainfall are influencing SOC storage. We hypothesized that a sustained shift in rainfall timing from winter to a spring-summer regime would reduce desert SOC stores by creating moist and warm soil conditions, thus promoting decomposition. To investigate this, we evaluated how an 11-year seasonal shift in rainfall (winter to spring-summer regime) affected SOC storage (that is, dissolved organic C, light SOC, and heavy SOC) in soils beneath dominant shrub and perennial grass species in a cold desert sagebrush-steppe ecosystem. We also measured the soil C to nitrogen (N) ratios, standing litter stocks, and root biomass C to help interpret the long-term changes in SOC stores. As predicted, a seasonal shift in rainfall caused heavy SOC to decline beneath Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis by 14%, from 3.1 to 2.7 kg C m(-2), and Pseudoroegneria spicata by 19%, from 3.0 to 2.4 kg C m(-2). Neither dissolved organic C, nor the light fraction, responded to changes in rainfall. The C to N ratio of heavy SOC beneath Artemisia declined by at least 6% under the warmer and moister conditions of the spring-summer regime, suggesting that alterations in decomposition dynamics contributed to the loss of SOC. Unexpectedly, coarse litter and root C in Artemisia soils were lower under the spring-summer than winter rainfall regime, suggesting that a decline in litter inputs may also have contributed to the loss of SOC. The C to N ratio of heavy SOC, litter stores (that is, coarse litter and thatch), and root C in Pseudoroegneria soils demonstrated similar responses as in Artemisia soils, but these variables were at best only marginally significant. Our results suggest that a sustained seasonal shift in rainfall from winter to spring-summer will reduce heavy SOC across cold deserts, and that this reduction will stem from alterations in decomposition dynamics and net primary production by plants. Further, as global temperatures rise we may see more overlap of moist and warm soil conditions, especially in ecosystems with winter rainfall regimes (for example, Mediterranean-climate ecosystems and temperate forests), that may reduce SOC in the absence of rainfall changes. C1 [Aanderud, Zachary T.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Richards, James H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Svejcar, Tony; James, Jeremy J.] ARS, USDA, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Aanderud, ZT (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, 489 WIDB, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM zachary_aanderud@byu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture; California Agricultural Experiment Station FX We thank many of the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service field technicians for helping maintain the rainfall manipulations over the 11 years. We thank Vera Chang for her assistance in analyzing the SOC fractions in the soil samples. This research was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture and the California Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 48 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD AUG PY 2010 VL 13 IS 5 BP 673 EP 682 DI 10.1007/s10021-010-9346-1 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 630GC UT WOS:000280260100004 ER PT J AU van Diepen, LTA Lilleskov, EA Pregitzer, KS Miller, RM AF van Diepen, Linda T. A. Lilleskov, Erik A. Pregitzer, Kurt S. Miller, R. Michael TI Simulated Nitrogen Deposition Causes a Decline of Intra- and Extraradical Abundance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Changes in Microbial Community Structure in Northern Hardwood Forests SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; phospholipid fatty acid; nitrogen; mycelium; microbial community; sugar maple (Acer saccharum); forest; in-growth bags ID EXTERNAL MYCELIUM; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; SOIL RESPIRATION; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CARBON STORAGE; BIOMASS; FERTILIZATION; ECOSYSTEMS; PHOSPHORUS; ADDITIONS AB Increased nitrogen (N) deposition caused by human activities has altered ecosystem functioning and biodiversity. To understand the effects of altered N availability, we measured the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and the microbial community in northern hardwood forests exposed to long-term (12 years) simulated N deposition (30 kg N ha(-1) y(-1)) using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis and hyphal in-growth bags. Intra- and extraradical AMF biomass and total microbial biomass were significantly decreased by simulated N deposition by 36, 41, and 24%, respectively. Both methods of extraradical AMF biomass estimation (soil PLFA 16:1 omega 5c and hyphal in-growth bags) showed comparable treatment responses, and extraradical biomass represented the majority of total (intra-plus extraradical) AMF biomass. N deposition also significantly affected the microbial community structure, leading to a 10% decrease in fungal to bacterial biomass ratios. Our observed decline in AMF and total microbial biomass together with changes in microbial community structure could have substantial impacts on the nutrient and carbon cycling within northern hardwood forest ecosystems. C1 [van Diepen, Linda T. A.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Lilleskov, Erik A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Pregitzer, Kurt S.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Miller, R. Michael] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Res, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [van Diepen, Linda T. A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP van Diepen, LTA (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM lvandiep@umich.edu FU NSF [0614422, 0735116]; Ecosystem Science Center from Michigan Technological University FX We thank the NSF (Grant # 0614422 and 0735116) and the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station for their continued support of this project, and the Ecosystem Science Center from Michigan Technological University for their research grant which supported part of this project. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their comments on a previous version of this manuscript. Further, we are thankful to Cheryl Krol for analyzing some of the PLFA samples (Argonne National Laboratory). NR 51 TC 36 Z9 41 U1 11 U2 102 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 EI 1435-0629 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD AUG PY 2010 VL 13 IS 5 BP 683 EP 695 DI 10.1007/s10021-010-9347-0 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 630GC UT WOS:000280260100005 ER PT J AU Brandt, LA King, JY Hobbie, SE Milchunas, DG Sinsabaugh, RL AF Brandt, L. A. King, J. Y. Hobbie, S. E. Milchunas, D. G. Sinsabaugh, R. L. TI The Role of Photodegradation in Surface Litter Decomposition Across a Grassland Ecosystem Precipitation Gradient SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE photodegradation; litter decomposition; ultraviolet (UV) radiation; tallgrass prairie; shortgrass steppe; desert grassland; lignin; extracellular enzymes; nitrogen immobilization; precipitation gradient ID UV-B RADIATION; ORGANIC-MATTER DECOMPOSITION; NORTHERN CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; LONG-TERM; PLANT LITTER; ENZYME-ACTIVITY; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; NITROGEN ADDITION; LIGNIN CONTROL; GLOBAL-SCALE AB Differences in litter decomposition patterns among mesic, semiarid, and arid grassland ecosystems cannot be accurately explained by variation in temperature, moisture, and litter chemistry alone. We hypothesized that ultraviolet (UV) radiation enhances decomposition in grassland ecosystems via photodegradation, more so in arid compared to mesic ecosystems, and in litter that is more recalcitrant to microbial decomposition (with high compared to low lignin concentrations). In a 2-year field study, we manipulated the amount of UV radiation reaching the litter layer at three grassland sites in Minnesota, Colorado, and New Mexico, USA, that represented mesic, semiarid, and arid grassland ecosystems, respectively. Two common grass leaf litter types of contrasting lignin:N were placed at each site under screens that either passed all solar radiation wavelengths or passed all but UV wavelengths. Decomposition was generally faster when litter was exposed to UV radiation across all three sites. In contrast to our hypothesis, the contribution of photodegradation in the decomposition process was not consistently greater at the more arid sites or for litter with higher lignin content. Additionally, at the most arid site, exposure to UV radiation could not explain decomposition rates that were faster than expected given climate constraints or lack of N immobilization by decomposing litter. Although photodegradation plays an important role in the decomposition process in a wider range of grassland sites than previously documented, it does not fully explain the differences in decomposition rates among grassland ecosystems of contrasting aridity. C1 [Brandt, L. A.; King, J. Y.; Hobbie, S. E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Brandt, L. A.] US Forest Serv, No Inst Appl Carbon Sci, USDA, Milwaukee, WI 53202 USA. [King, J. Y.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [King, J. Y.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Milchunas, D. G.] Colorado State Univ, Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship Dept, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Sinsabaugh, R. L.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP King, JY (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM jyking@geog.ucsb.edu RI King, Jennifer Y./I-5986-2015; OI King, Jennifer Y./0000-0003-3433-5952; Hobbie, Sarah/0000-0001-5159-031X FU NSF Ecosystem Science [DEB-0542935, DEB-0935984]; EPA STAR; University of Minnesota; Dayton-Wilkie Natural History Funds FX We thank S. Graves, A. Thone, K. Crooker, Y. Sorokin, K. Hill, F. Walosin, C. Bohnet, M. Gallo, W. Eddy, C. Buyarski, and M. Stursova for their assistance in the field and lab. We thank L. Kinkel and J. McFadden for their assistance in the experimental design and for their helpful comments on the manuscript. We thank the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge and LTER (DEB-8811906, DEB-0080529, IBN-9411976), the USDA-ARS Central Plains Experimental Range and Shortgrass Steppe LTER (NSF DEB-0217631, 0823405), and the Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve and LTER (DEB-0080382) for use of field facilities, meteorological data, and technical support. This project was funded by NSF Ecosystem Science (DEB-0542935, DEB-0935984). Additional funding to L. Brandt was provided by an EPA STAR Fellowship, a University of Minnesota Dissertation Research Grant, the University of Minnesota Carolyn Crosby Fellowship, and the Dayton-Wilkie Natural History Funds. NR 43 TC 57 Z9 72 U1 5 U2 60 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD AUG PY 2010 VL 13 IS 5 BP 765 EP 781 DI 10.1007/s10021-010-9353-2 PG 17 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 630GC UT WOS:000280260100011 ER PT J AU Summers, JW Gaines, KF Garvin, N Stephens, WL Cumbee, JC Mills, GL AF Summers, J. W. Gaines, K. F. Garvin, N. Stephens, W. L., Jr. Cumbee, J. C., Jr. Mills, G. L. TI Feathers as bioindicators of PCB exposure in clapper rails SO ECOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aroclor 1268; ELISA; Clapper rail; Organochlorine; LCP; PCBs ID POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL CONGENERS; NONDESTRUCTIVE BIOMONITORING TOOL; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; CONTAMINATED SALT-MARSH; BIRD FEATHERS; EXTERNAL CONTAMINATION; COASTAL GEORGIA; AROCLOR 1268; SOIL AB In this study we used feathers to biomonitor exposure to the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) Aroclor 1268 congener mixture in clapper rails (Rallus longirostris). This species has been used as an indicator species of environmental damage for the LCP superfund site located in Brunswick, GA, USA which is contaminated with Aroclor 1268, a congener mixture that has been used in limited amounts elsewhere and therefore can be used as a contaminant marker. The Aroclor 1268 congener mixture, including congener profiles, were quantified in feathers using gas chromatography (GC). Concurrently, each sample was quantified for the total Aroclor 1268 congener mixture using an enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) and compared to the GC results to determine if ELISA was an efficient method for quantifying or qualifying PCBs in feathers. ELISA consistently quantified PCB loads over an order of magnitude lower than the GC. Based on sample replication, extraction recovery, and sample spike, it appears that GC is the more reliable method of detection and that ELISA methods may be more suitable for qualitative exposure assessment for this particular Aroclor. Moreover, since all clapper rails from the LCP site had the Aroclor 1268 congener mixture in their feathers, this experiment showed that birds were returning to the site to breed despite the adverse effects experienced by this population from the contamination revealed in previous studies. This study also supports the utility of feathers as a non-lethal mechanism by which to biomonitor PCBs in the environment. C1 [Summers, J. W.; Gaines, K. F.] Eastern Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Charleston, IL 61920 USA. [Garvin, N.; Stephens, W. L., Jr.; Mills, G. L.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Cumbee, J. C., Jr.] USDA APHIS Wildlife Serv, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Gaines, KF (reprint author), Eastern Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 600 Lincoln Ave, Charleston, IL 61920 USA. EM jaysummers@hotmail.com; kfgaines@eiu.edu; ngarvin@uga.edu; cub@srel.edu; James.C.Cumbee@aphis.usda.gov; mills@srel.edu FU Department of Energy [DE-FC-09-075R22506]; Eastern Illinois University FX The Savannah River Ecology Laboratory (based upon work supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FC-09-075R22506) and Eastern Illinois University provided funding and access to equipment for analyses. We would like to thank Stacey Stephens and Nhilven DeChavez for their outstanding contributions in the laboratory. This manuscript benefited from the editorials of 6 anonymous reviewers. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9292 EI 1573-3017 J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY JI Ecotoxicology PD AUG PY 2010 VL 19 IS 6 BP 1003 EP 1011 DI 10.1007/s10646-010-0481-4 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 627UQ UT WOS:000280068900003 PM 20221687 ER PT J AU Onufrieva, KS Thorpe, KW Hickman, AD Tobin, PC Leonard, DS Roberts, EA AF Onufrieva, Ksenia S. Thorpe, Kevin W. Hickman, Andrea D. Tobin, Patrick C. Leonard, Donna S. Roberts, E. Anderson TI Effects of SPLAT (R) GM sprayable pheromone formulation on gypsy moth mating success SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE Lymantria dispar; mating disruption; plastic flakes; sprayable formulation; disparlure; Lepidoptera; Lymantriidae ID DISRUPTION; LYMANTRIIDAE; LEPIDOPTERA; DISPARLURE; DENSITY; PESTS AB Several integrated pest management programs rely on the use of mating disruption tactics to control insect pests. Some programs specifically target non-native species, such as the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.) (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae). We evaluated SPLAT (R) GM, a new sprayable formulation of the gypsy moth sex pheromone disparlure, for its ability to disrupt gypsy moth mating. The study was conducted in 2006, 2007, and 2008 in forested areas in Virginia, USA. Mating success of gypsy moth females was reduced by > 99% and male moth catches in pheromone-baited traps by > 90%, in plots treated with SPLAT (R) GM at dosages ranging from 15 to 75 g of active ingredient (a.i.) ha-1. Dosage-response tests conducted in 2008 indicated that SPLAT (R) GM applied at a dosage of 7.5 g a.i. ha-1 was as effective as a 15 g a.i. ha-1 dosage. C1 [Onufrieva, Ksenia S.; Hickman, Andrea D.; Roberts, E. Anderson] Virginia Tech, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Thorpe, Kevin W.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Tobin, Patrick C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Leonard, Donna S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC 28802 USA. RP Onufrieva, KS (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Entomol, 202 Price Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM ktchesla@vt.edu RI Onufrieva, Ksenia/A-4609-2008 OI Onufrieva, Ksenia/0000-0002-8424-850X FU USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection FX We thank the participants of the STS Mating Disruption Working Group for technical assistance; Bob Bennett and Geoff White (USDA, ARS), JW Corbet, and Samuel Newcomer, for field assistance; Frank Martin, John Tanner, Hanna Antell, Susan Lane, Christine Lokerson, Eireann Doyle, Bridgett Schott, Katharine Panessidi, and Jeremy Coleda (USDA, APHIS) for supplying gypsy moth pupae; Dave Plunkett, Steve Croy, Wes Nettleton, and Noel Schneeberger (USDA, Forest Service) for administrative support; Win McLane, Dave Cowan, Linda Davis, and Phil Kingsley (USDA, APHIS), and Amy Onken, Mike Quesinberry, and Ken Kline (USDA, Forest Service) for assistance with aerial applications; Al's Spraying Service (Ovid, MI, USA) and Dynamic Aviation (Bridgewater, VA, USA) for providing the aerial applications; Tim Tigner, Gary Heiser, Vance Coffey, Terry Brennen, Mike Womack, Tammy Ingle, and Charlene Bardon (Virginia Department of Forestry) for providing state forest access and support; Jay Jeffreys, Al Bourgeois, Gene Sours, Bill Mohler, Roy Swartz, Kent Burtner (Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries), and Mikeal Jolly (Goshen Scout Reservation) for providing forest access, support, and facilities; Priscilla Maclean (Hercon Environmental, Emigsville, PA, USA) and Reginald Coler (ISCA Technologies, Riverside, CA, USA) for product support; and USDA ARS and the Department of Entomology at Virginia Tech for providing facilities and equipment. This research was funded by USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement or a recommendation for its use by USDA. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 136 IS 2 BP 109 EP 115 DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2010.01009.x PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 620WE UT WOS:000279531200001 ER PT J AU Danci, A Takacs, S Schaefer, PW Gries, G AF Danci, Adela Takacs, Stephen Schaefer, Paul W. Gries, Gerhard TI Evidence for acoustic communication in the parasitoid wasp Glyptapanteles flavicoxis SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE wing fanning; near-field sound; acoustic signals; sex pheromone; mating behavior; Hymenoptera; Braconidae ID LYMANTRIA-DISPAR LEPIDOPTERA; ANASTREPHA-SUSPENSA LOEW; CARIBBEAN FRUIT-FLY; MATING-BEHAVIOR; SEXUAL COMMUNICATION; COURTSHIP SIGNALS; GYPSY-MOTH; HYMENOPTERA; BRACONIDAE; TEPHRITIDAE AB Females of the parasitoid wasp Glyptapanteles flavicoxis (Marsh) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) deposit sex pheromone on substrate that elicits attraction and wing fanning in conspecific males. We tested the hypothesis that wing fanning sound induces a behavioral response from females which, in turn, affects the males' orientation toward them. Females exposed to playback of the males' wing fanning sound engaged in short flights, with sound characteristics different from those of the males' wing fanning sound. In two-choice bioassays, playback of the females' flight sound attracted significantly more males than a silent control stimulus, and in combination with pheromone-containing body extract of females it attracted more males than female body extract alone. Our data support the conclusion that the males' wing fanning induces sound and visual reply signals from females that help males orient toward them. C1 [Danci, Adela; Takacs, Stephen; Gries, Gerhard] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Schaefer, Paul W.] ARS, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Lab, USDA, Newark, DE 19713 USA. RP Gries, G (reprint author), Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. EM gries@sfu.ca FU SFU; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); NSERC Industrial Research Chair with Contech Enterprises; NSERC Industrial Research Chair with SC Johnson Canada; NSERC Industrial Research Chair with Global Forest Science; Global Forest Science [GF-18-2000-SFU-12] FX We thank Susan Barth, Kenneth Swan, Dawn Gunderson-Rindal, Philip Taylor, and Roger Fuester for supplying experimental insects, two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments, Mike Hayden for technical advice and mathematical calculations, Ian Bercovitz for statistical advice, Bob Birtch for graphical illustrations, and Eberhard Kiehlmann for proofreading the manuscript. This research was supported, in part, by a Graduate Fellowship from SFU, a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) - Canada Graduate Scholarship to AD, and by an NSERC Discovery Grant and NSERC Industrial Research Chair to GG, with Contech Enterprises, SC Johnson Canada, and Global Forest Science as industrial sponsors. Experimental insects were maintained in SFU's Global Forest Quarantine Facility, construction of which was completed through financial support from Global Forest Science (GF-18-2000-SFU-12). NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 EI 1570-7458 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 136 IS 2 BP 142 EP 150 DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2010.01013.x PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 620WE UT WOS:000279531200005 ER PT J AU Kuenen, LPS Siegel, JP AF Kuenen, L. P. S. Siegel, J. P. TI Protracted Emergence of Overwintering Amyelois transitella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) From Pistachios and Almonds in California SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE navel orangeworm; pistachios; almonds; overwintering emergence; sex ratio ID NAVEL ORANGEWORM LEPIDOPTERA; WALKER AB The navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker), is the primary insect pest of pistachios and almonds in California. Four years of research (2002-2006) were conducted in Madera and Kern Counties to elucidate the pattern of adult emergence of the overwintering navel orangeworm population Springtime emergence from unharvested (mummy) nuts was protracted (600 degree-days or more from 1 January of each year) and in 2004 and 2006 extended to mid-July The population structure, sex ratio, and timing of emergence differed between pistachio and almond mummies. Pistachio populations had a significantly greater proportion of late stage individuals compared with almond mummies, 85.7 versus 34.1%. The sex ratio of adults emerging from pistachio mummies was significantly skewed with a ratio 5743 male:female compared with 50.50 in almond mummies Emergence from mummies held outdoors (variable temperature) began in early March and continued through early June in both pistachio mummies and almond mummies The adult emergence pattern from pistachio mummies contained a single emergence peak, whereas emergence from almond mummies occurred in multiple peaks These same patterns occurred when mummies were held at constant temperature, and the emergence peak from pistachio mummies occurred sooner The impact of these findings on understanding navel orangeworm population dynamics and current control recommendations is discussed. C1 [Kuenen, L. P. S.; Siegel, J. P.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Kuenen, LPS (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. FU California Pistachio Commission FX We thank James Bettiga, Kevin Olsen. and Bradley Higbee for their help in providing mummies, and Richard Gill, Patricia Noble and Heather Rowe for their assistance in mummy collection and monitoring emergence This work was supported in part by the California Pistachio Commission NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 11 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1059 EP 1067 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 635KR UT WOS:000280654500001 PM 22127156 ER PT J AU Abel, CA Snodgrass, GL Jackson, R Allen, C AF Abel, Craig A. Snodgrass, Gordon L. Jackson, Ryan Allen, Clint TI Oviposition and Development of the Tarnished Plant Bug (Heteroptera: Miridae) on Field Maize SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lygus lineolaris; corn; Zea mays; host suitability ID LYGUS-LINEOLARIS; HOST PLANTS; POLLEN; CORN AB Reduced insecticide use in cotton, Cossypium hirsutum L., as a consequence of the Boll Weevil Eradication Program and the broad adoption of Bt cotton, have helped make the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), a consistent pest of cotton each year in the mid-south. Maize, Zea mays L, has been implicated as having a role in the season-long dynamics of tarnished plant bug infestations in cotton To date, no published information exists describing the quality of maize as a host for tarnished plant bug. No-choice field studies indicated that adult tarnished plant bug females oviposited into maize leaves, tassels, and ears. Laboratory studies showed that first-instar tarnished plant bugs could successfully develop to the adult stage when fed maize silks at the RI growth stage, tassels before (VT) and during (R1) pollen shed, and milk stage (R3) kernels from the tip and base of the ear. The proportion of nymphs surviving to the adult stage on these tissues was often similar to that of broccoli, Brassica oleracea L Nymphs did not develop to adults when fed V5 or RI maize leaves. However, survival of first instars to the adult stage was improved when nymphs fed on tassels with pollen for 6 cl and then moved to silks or leaves. Another field study showed that tarnished plant bugs reproduced in maize mainly during the tassel (VE and VT) and the R1-R3 ear growth stages, and a single new generation was produced in maize during these stages The highest population recorded during the study (24 June 2005) consisted mostly of nymphs and was estimated to be 29,600/ha (12,000/acre). These studies showed that maize is a suitable host for tarnished plant bug reproduction and development, and its production plays a significant role in the population dynamics of the tarnished plant bug in the mid-south C1 [Snodgrass, Gordon L.; Jackson, Ryan; Allen, Clint] USDA ARS, So Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Abel, Craig A.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insect & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab 102, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Snodgrass, GL (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Insect Management Res Unit, POB 346, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 6 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1085 EP 1091 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 635KR UT WOS:000280654500003 PM 22127158 ER PT J AU Taylor, DB Moon, RD Campbell, JB Berkebile, DR Scholl, PJ Broce, AB Hogsette, JA AF Taylor, D. B. Moon, R. D. Campbell, J. B. Berkebile, D. R. Scholl, P. J. Broce, A. B. Hogsette, J. A. TI Dispersal of Stable Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) From Larval Development Sites in a Nebraska Landscape SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Stomoxys; dispersal kernel; diffusion model ID STOMOXYS-CALCITRANS DIPTERA; FLY DIPTERA; FEEDING SITES; CATTLE; EFFICIENCY; FLIGHT; HAY AB Seven mark-recapture studies were conducted over 3 yr to assess dispersal of newly emerging adult stable flies, Stomoxys calcitrans L., from larval development sites in a mixed agricultural environment in northeastern Nebraska Infested hay debris piles were marked by dusting their surfaces with fluorescent pigments, adults were captured with surrounding grids of Alsynite sticky traps, and Specimens were dissected to determine feeding histories and reproductive age. Distances and directions of 3,889 marked specimens indicated males and females dispersed equally and in all directions. Midguts of males and females were equally likely to contain blood-meal remnants. Percentage with blood remnants and percentage of females with yolk increased with distance from mark origin, indicating survival and spread were positively associated with host finding success A time-integrated diffusion model fit to results from the seven studies indicated 50% of stable fly adults had dispersed beyond 1.6 km of their natal site, but only 5% had dispersed beyond 5.1 km. These results indicate that stable fly adults on cattle in a given area are most likely to have originated from larval development sites within an,approximate to 5 km radius of the subject cattle. C1 [Taylor, D. B.; Berkebile, D. R.; Scholl, P. J.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Moon, R. D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Campbell, J. B.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, W Cent Res & Extens Ctr, N Platte, NE 69101 USA. [Broce, A. B.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Hogsette, J. A.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Taylor, DB (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RI Taylor, David/G-6025-2014 OI Taylor, David/0000-0002-4378-4867 FU Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska, Lincoln; Minnesota Agriculture Experiment Station [MN-050] FX We thank D Block, S Bohling, D Brinkerhoff, A. Gutsche, S Herdzina, C Kolm, L Kotas, L Leiser, P Macedo, T Mackay, N Melanowski, J Salas, J Talley, B. Voelker, and T Weinhold for help with field work and laboratory dissections This work was done in cooperation with the Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska, Lincoln and was supported in part by Minnesota Agriculture Experiment Station Project MN-050, both as contributors to multistate Project S-1030 NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 23 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1101 EP 1110 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 635KR UT WOS:000280654500005 PM 22127160 ER PT J AU Snodgrass, GL Jackson, RE Abel, CA Perera, OP AF Snodgrass, G. L. Jackson, R. E. Abel, C. A. Perera, O. P. TI Utilization of Early Soybeans for Food and Reproduction by the Tarnished Plant Bug (Hemiptera: Miridae) in the Delta of Mississippi SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE tarnished plant bug; Lygus lineolaris; soybeans; Glycine max ID MANAGEMENT-SYSTEMS; PEST POPULATIONS; HOST PLANTS; HETEROPTERA; RESISTANT; INSECTS; COTTON; DAMAGE AB Commercially produced maturity group (MC) IV soybeans, Glycine max L, were sampled during bloom for-tarnished plant bugs, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), during May and June 1999 (3 fields) and 2001 (18 fields). The adults and nymphs were found primarily in single population peaks in both years, indicating a single new generation was produced during each year. The peak mean numbers of nymphs were 0.61 and 084 per drop cloth sample m 1999 and 2001, respectively Adults peaked at 396 (1999) and 376 (2001) per sweep net sample (25 sweeps) Tests using laboratory-reared and field-collected tarnished plant bugs resulted in very poor survival of nymphs 0.16 differ emit soybean varieties (MC III, one, IV, four; V, nine, VI, two). A large cage (0.06 ha) field test found that the number of nymphs produced on eight soybean varieties after mated adults were released into the cages was lower than could be expected on a suitable host These results indicated that soybean was a marginal host for tarnished plant bugs However, the numbers of adults and nymphs found ill the commercially produced fields sampled in the study may have been high enough to cause feeding damage to the flowering soybeans. The nature of the damage and its possible economic importance were not determined. Reproduction of tarnished plant bugs in the commercially produced ear ly soybean fields showed that the early soybeans provided tarnished plant bugs with a very abundant host at a time when only wild hosts were previously available C1 [Snodgrass, G. L.; Jackson, R. E.; Perera, O. P.] USDA ARS, So Insect Management Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Abel, C. A.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Corn Insect & Crop Genet Res Unit, Genet Lab 102, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Snodgrass, GL (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Insect Management Unit, POB 346, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1111 EP 1121 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 635KR UT WOS:000280654500006 PM 22127161 ER PT J AU Tillman, PG AF Tillman, P. G. TI Parasitism and Predation of Stink Bug (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) Eggs in Georgia Corn Fields SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nezara viridula; Euschistus servus; Podisus maculiventrus; Trissolcus basalis; Telenomus podist ID NEZARA-VIRIDULA HEMIPTERA; TRISSOLCUS-BASALIS; NATURAL ENEMIES; SOUTH-CAROLINA; HOST PLANT; HYMENOPTERA; SCELIONIDAE; PESTS; REVISION; CROPS AB Nezara viridula L. and Euschistos servos (Say) are the predominant species of phytophagous stink bugs on corn, Zea mays L, in Georgia. Oebalus pugnax pugnax (F.) occurs in relatively low numbers, and the predatory stink bug Podisus maculiventrus (Say) is commonly found. Limited information is available on natural biological control of these four stink bug species in Georgia corn fields, therefore, a 6-yr study of parasitism and predation of their eggs was initiated in 2003 Naturally occurring stink bug eggs were parasitized by six sceliomd species, Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston), T thyantae Ashmead, T brochymenae (Ashmead), T euschisti (Ashmead), Telenomus podisi Ashmead, Telenomus calms. Johnson, and one encyrtid species, Ooencyrtus sp T basalis was the most prevalent parasitoid of N viridula, parasitizing E servos. and P maculiventris eggs at low levels. T podisz, the predominant parasitoid species emerging from eggs of E. servos and P nzaculwentris, also parasitized 0 p pognax eggs exclusively and parasitized N viridula eggs at low levels. T euschisti and T thyantae parasitized E servos egg masses. T brochymenae parasitized eggs of both E servos and P macohvenms T calms parasitized only P macoliventris eggs. The same species of egg parasitoids that parasitized naturally occurring eggs of N virohda and E servos parasitized sentinel eggs of these bugs, except that no T calvos and Ooencyrtus sp were obtained from sentinel eggs, and T thyantae and T brochymenae emerged from sentinel eggs of N on-Kilda Generally, parasitization of an egg mass was either greater than or equal to predation of sentinel eggs of N viridola and E servos. However, on some dates in late June and July, predation of sentinel egg masses was numerically approximately twice as high as parasitism Results indicate stink bug egg parasitoids and predators are significant factors in the natural biological control of stink bugs in corn fields. C1 USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Tillman, PG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. NR 38 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 21 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1184 EP 1194 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 635KR UT WOS:000280654500015 PM 22127170 ER PT J AU Coyle, DR Mattson, WJ Raffa, KF AF Coyle, David R. Mattson, William J., Jr. Raffa, Kenneth F. TI Laboratory Performance of Two Polyphagous Invasive Weevils on the Predominant Woody Plant Species of a Northern Hardwood Community SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Curculionidae; exotic species; Phyllobius oblongus; Polydrusus sericeus; root herbivores ID DIRCA-PALUSTRIS; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; PHYLLOBIUS-OBLONGUS; UNITED-STATES; FORESTS; CURCULIONIDAE; COLEOPTERA; LEGACY AB A complex of invasive weevils that consume roots as larvae and foliage as adults have become established in northern hardwood forests in North America. We evaluated adults of the two most prominent species, Phyllobius oblongus and Polydrusus sericeus, for longevity, foliage consumption, and egg production on several putative hosts commonly found in this ecosystem. Adult pairs were monitored in no-choice laboratory assays for the duration of their lifespans on basswood, Tilia americana, ironwood, Ostrya virgimana, sugar maple, Acer saccharum, raspberry, Rubus spp.. or leatherwood, Dirca palustrus Overall, P sericeus lived more than twice as long as P oblongus and lived longer on all hosts. P sericeus consumed more total leaf area than P oblongus on basswood, ironwood, and raspberry, but P oblongus had a higher leaf consumption rate on sugar maple Basswood was a very good host for P sericeus Leatherwood was not a suitable host for either weevil species. The higher longevity and fecundity of P sericeus than P oblongus did not agree with that expected from population data, in that the latter species is substantially more abundant This likely reflects P oblongus' superior performance on sugar maple, the dominant flora in the study area These data provide a basis for estimating the broader impacts of adult weevil feeding. C1 [Coyle, David R.; Raffa, Kenneth F.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Mattson, William J., Jr.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP Coyle, DR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. FU McIntire-Stennis; USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Institute for Applied Ecosystem Studies, Applied Ecological Services (Bioadhead, WI) FX We thank M Jordan, A Czechowitz, J Schmidt, and M Komp for field and laboratory assistance P Crump provided valuable statistical assistance This research was funded by McIntire-Stennis, the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Institute for Applied Ecosystem Studies, Applied Ecological Services (Bioadhead, WI), a UW Hilldale Undergraduate Fellowship, and the U Si on onmental Pi otection Agency (EPA) under the Science to Achieve Results Graduate Fellowship Progiam Two anonymous reviewers provided useful comments that helped improve this manuscript NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 12 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1242 EP 1248 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 635KR UT WOS:000280654500019 PM 22127174 ER PT J AU Son, Y Groves, RL Daane, KM Morgan, DJW Krugner, R Johnson, MW AF Son, Youngsoo Groves, Russell L. Daane, Kent M. Morgan, David J. W. Krugner, Rodrigo Johnson, Marshall W. TI Estimation of Feeding Threshold for Homalodisca vitripennis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and Its Application to Prediction of Overwintering Mortality SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE glassy-winged sharpshooter; feeding; temperature; overwintering; mortality ID GLASSY-WINGED SHARPSHOOTER; COAGULATA SAY HEMIPTERA; XYLELLA-FASTIDIOSA; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; FLIGHT ACTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; DISEASE; FLUID; HOMOPTERA AB The glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar), vectors the bacterium Xylella fastidtosa that induces Pierce's disease of grape This study determined the effect of temperature on the feeding activity of H vitripennis adults and the resulting production of excreta. The Logan type I model described a nonlinear pattern that showed excreta production increased up to an optimal temperature (33 1 degrees C), followed by an abrupt decline near an estimated upper threshold (36 4 degrees C). A temperature threshold for feeding, at or below which adults cease feeding, was estimated to be 10 C using a linear regression model based on the percentage of adults producing excreta over a range of constant temperatures. A simulated winter-temperature experiment using fluctuating thermal cycles confirmed that a time period above the temperature threshold for feeding was a critical factor in determining adult survival. Using data from the simulated temperature study, a predictive model was constructed by quantifying the relationship between cumulative mortality and cooling degree-hours. In field validation experiments, the model accurately predicted the temporal pattern of overwintering mortality of H vitripenms adults held under winter temperatures simulating conditions in Bakersfield and Riverside. California, in 2006-2007. Model prediction using winter temperature data from a Riverside weather station indicated that H vitripennis adults would experience an average of 92% oyez-wintering mortality before reproduction in the spring, but levels of mortality varied depending on winter temperatures. The potential for temperature-based indices to predict temporal and spatial dynamics of H vitripennis overwintering is discussed C1 [Johnson, Marshall W.] Univ Calif Kearney Agr Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Son, Youngsoo; Johnson, Marshall W.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Groves, Russell L.; Krugner, Rodrigo] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Daane, Kent M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Morgan, David J. W.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Pierces Dis Control Program, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. RP Johnson, MW (reprint author), Univ Calif Kearney Agr Ctr, 92-10 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. FU California Department of Food and Agriculture Pierce's Disease/Classy-Winged Sharpshooter Research; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Specific Cooperative Agreement FX We thank Martha Conk (University of California, Riverside) for technical assistance and Raymond Yokomi (United States Department of Agnculture-Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, Parlier, CA) for the citrus plants This work was supported in part by the California Department of Food and Agriculture Pierce's Disease/Classy-Winged Sharpshooter Research Program and a United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Specific Cooperative Agreement provided to M W.J. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1264 EP 1275 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 635KR UT WOS:000280654500022 PM 22127177 ER PT J AU Knight, A AF Knight, Alan TI Improved Monitoring of Female Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) With Pear Ester Plus Acetic Acid in Sex Pheromone-Treated Orchards SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE apple; Cydia pomonella; traps; mating disruption; codlemone ID CODLEMONE-BAITED TRAPS; STATE APPLE ORCHARDS; ETHYL (E; MATING DISRUPTION; Z)-2,4-DECADIENOATE; KAIROMONE; CATCH AB The performance of clear delta traps baited with 3.0 mg of pear ester, ethyl (E,Z)-2,4-decadienoate, and 5.0 nil of acetic acid in separate lures was compared with orange delta traps baited with a single lure containing 3.0 mg of both pear ester and the sex pheromone, (E,E)-8,.10-dodecadien-1-ol (codlemone) for codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L), in apple, Mains domestica (Borkhausen) Residual analyses and field tests demonstrated that both the pear ester and acetic acid lures were effective for at least 8 wk The two trap-lure combinations caught a similar number of total moths in an orchard treated with sex pheromone dispensers during short-term trials in 2008 However, the mean catch of female moths was significantly higher and male moths significantly lower in clear traps baited with pear ester and acetic acid versus orange traps baited with pear ester and codlemone Season-long studies were conducted with these two trap-lure combinations in orchards treated with (n = 6) and without (n = 7) sex pheromone dispensers during 2009. The two trap-lure combinations caught similar numbers of moths in dispenser-treated orchards. In contrast, total catch was significantly higher (>2-fold) in the orange compared with the clear traps in untreated orchards. The clear caught >6-fold more females than the orange trap in both types of orchards These studies suggest that deploying clear delta traps baited with pear ester and acetic acid can be an effective monitoring tool for female codling moth and an alternative to codlemone-baited traps in sex pheromone-treated orchards. C1 ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, USDA, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Knight, A (reprint author), ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, USDA, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. NR 31 TC 17 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 9 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1283 EP 1290 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 635KR UT WOS:000280654500024 PM 22127179 ER PT J AU Guedot, C Horton, DR Landolt, PJ AF Guedot, Christelle Horton, David R. Landolt, Peter J. TI Sex Attraction in Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mate location; olfactometer; potato; insect extract; pheromone ID DIAPHORINA-CITRI HEMIPTERA; INFESTED PEAR SHOOTS; CACOPSYLLA-PYRICOLA; ZEBRA CHIP; INSECT HYDROCARBONS; MATING-BEHAVIOR; PSYLLID YELLOWS; POTATO; HOMOPTERA; PHEROMONE AB The potato psyllid, Bactericera (=Paratrioza) cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera: Triozidae), is a major pest of potato. We examined the role of chemical signals in sex attraction, assessing male and female response to male- and female-produced volatile chemicals In laboratory olfactometer assays, potato psyllid males were attracted to odorants emitted from live females and from solvent extract of females These results indicate that the female-produced chemicals responsible for attracting males may be isolated by means of insect extractions Males were also attracted to volatile chemicals from males and extracts of males, providing the first example of male-male attraction in the Psylloidea Males exposed simultaneously to odorants from conspecific females and males were preferentially attracted to female odorants, suggesting the presence of a female-specific sex attractant for males Potato psyllid females avoided volatile chemicals emitted by females and extracts of females and by volatile chemicals emitted by males and extracts of males. Possible explanations for avoidance of conspecifics by females are discussed This study is the first report of male attraction to volatile chemicals emitted by females and female extracts in the Triozidae and more specifically in the potato psyllid C1 [Guedot, Christelle; Horton, David R.; Landolt, Peter J.] ARS, USDA, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Guedot, C (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. NR 55 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 12 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1302 EP 1308 DI 10.1603/EN10048 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 635KR UT WOS:000280654500026 PM 22127181 ER PT J AU Keena, MA Moore, PM AF Keena, M. A. Moore, P. M. TI Effects of Temperature on Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Larvae and Pupae SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE temperature; survival; pupation; development; degree-days; Asian longhorned beetle ID SURVIVAL; CONSTANT; BEETLE; TREES; CHINA AB Developmental thresholds, degree-days for development, larval weights, and head capsule widths for each larval instar and the pupal stage of Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera Cerambycidae) were studied at eight constant temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 degrees C) for two source populations (Ravenswood, Chicago, IL [IL], and Bayside, Queens, NY [NY]) The estimated lower threshold temperature for development of instars 1-5 and the pupal stage was near 10 degrees C and was near 12 degrees C for the higher instars Developmental rate was less temperature sensitive for instars 5-9 compared with instars 1-4. Development for all but the first instar was inhibited at constant temperatures >30 degrees C, and all instars failed to develop at 40 degrees C. Although the two source populations had similar responses to temperature, IL larvae were heavier than those from NY Temperature and its influence on larval weight had profound impacts on whether it larva proceeded to pupation. Based on the temperature effects detailed here, larval development and pupation should be possible in most of the continental United States where suitable hosts are available These data can be used to develop a degree-day model to estimate beetle phenology; however, at least 2 degrees C should be added to air temperatures to adjust for the mediation of temperature by the wood. These data provide a basis for predicting the potential geographical range of this species and for developing phenological models to predict the timing of immature stages, both of which are important for management programs C1 [Keena, M. A.; Moore, P. M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, NE Ctr Forest Hlth Res, USDA, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. RP Keena, MA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, NE Ctr Forest Hlth Res, USDA, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. NR 28 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 36 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1323 EP 1335 DI 10.1603/EN09369 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 635KR UT WOS:000280654500029 PM 22127184 ER PT J AU Humphries, HC Bourgeron, PS Reynolds, KM AF Humphries, Hope C. Bourgeron, Patrick S. Reynolds, Keith M. TI Sensitivity Analysis of Land Unit Suitability for Conservation Using a Knowledge-Based System SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Sensitivity analysis; Map removal; Knowledge base; Conservation suitability; Land suitability; Fuzzy logic; Ecosystem Management Decision Support ID FOREST ECOSYSTEM SUSTAINABILITY; COLUMBIA RIVER BASIN; RESERVE SELECTION; NETWORKS; MANAGEMENT; ECOLOGY; SCALES; AREAS; MODEL AB The availability of spatially continuous data layers can have a strong impact on selection of land units for conservation purposes. The suitability of ecological conditions for sustaining the targets of conservation is an important consideration in evaluating candidate conservation sites. We constructed two fuzzy logic-based knowledge bases to determine the conservation suitability of land units in the interior Columbia River basin using NetWeaver software in the Ecosystem Management Decision Support application framework. Our objective was to assess the sensitivity of suitability ratings, derived from evaluating the knowledge bases, to fuzzy logic function parameters and to the removal of data layers (land use condition, road density, disturbance regime change index, vegetation change index, land unit size, cover type size, and cover type change index). The amount and geographic distribution of suitable land polygons was most strongly altered by the removal of land use condition, road density, and land polygon size. Removal of land use condition changed suitability primarily on private or intensively-used public land. Removal of either road density or land polygon size most strongly affected suitability on higher-elevation US Forest Service land containing small-area biophysical environments. Data layers with the greatest influence differed in rank between the two knowledge bases. Our results reinforce the importance of including both biophysical and socio-economic attributes to determine the suitability of land units for conservation. The sensitivity tests provided information about knowledge base structuring and parameterization as well as prioritization for future data needs. C1 [Humphries, Hope C.; Bourgeron, Patrick S.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Bourgeron, Patrick S.] Plymouth State Univ, Ctr Environm, Plymouth, NH 03264 USA. [Reynolds, Keith M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Humphries, HC (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, UCB 450,1560 30th St, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM hope.humphries@colorado.edu OI Reynolds, Keith/0000-0002-5286-4754 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. Geological Survey; International Visiting Blaise Pascal Chair FX Primary funding was provided to P.S. Bourgeron and H.C. Humphries by a Science To Achieve Results grant from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ("Multi-scaled Assessment Methods: Prototype Development within the Interior Columbia Basin''). Additional funding to P. S. Bourgeron to complete the work and manuscript was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Analysis and Monitoring program and the International Visiting Blaise Pascal Chair. We thank Frank W. Davis for early discussions on the structure of the knowledge bases. We thank Luis Bojorquez-Tapia, Mark Jensen, and two anonymous reviewers for suggestions which greatly improved the manuscript. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 46 IS 2 BP 225 EP 236 DI 10.1007/s00267-010-9520-4 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 642SO UT WOS:000281237800007 PM 20623353 ER PT J AU Rypel, AL Bayne, DR AF Rypel, Andrew L. Bayne, David R. TI Do fish growth rates correlate with PCB body burdens? SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Biodilution; Contaminant; Growth dilution; Otolith; Production ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; MERCURY CONCENTRATIONS; ATLANTIC SALMON; REPRODUCTION; TRENDS; ENVIRONMENT; CHEMICALS; EXPOSURE; ALABAMA; HEALTH AB We evaluated whether growth rates of six fish species correlated with PCB concentrations in a moderately-to-heavily polluted freshwater ecosystem. Using a large dataset (n = 984 individuals), and after accounting for growth effects related to fish age, habitat, sex, and lipids, growth correlated significantly, but positively with lipid-corrected PCB concentrations for 4 of 6 species. Remaining species showed no correlations between growth and PCBs. Comparisons with regional, lentic growth averages for four species confirmed growth was on par and in three of four cases higher than regional averages in the PCB-polluted ecosystem. We conclude that for these species, at the range of concentrations examined, these PCBs do not exert negative impacts on growth. Rather, factors often cited as influential to growth were also driving growth trends in this study. Future studies that evaluate whether pollution affects growth must account for major growth drivers prior to attributing growth differentials to pollution alone. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rypel, Andrew L.] Univ Mississippi, US Forest Serv, Dept Biol, USDA,Stream Hydrol Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Bayne, David R.] Auburn Univ, Dept Fisheries & Allied Aquacultures, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Rypel, AL (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, US Forest Serv, Dept Biol, USDA,Stream Hydrol Lab, 1000 Front St, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM andrewrypel@yahoo.com FU Monsanto-Solutia Inc. FX This research was funded by Monsanto-Solutia Inc. We also thank Justin Mitchell, Eric Reutebuch, Wendy Seesock, Gina LoGuidice, Michael Len, Karen Popp, John Woodfin, and Daniel Smith for field and laboratory assistance. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 158 IS 8 BP 2533 EP 2536 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.05.014 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 634HM UT WOS:000280571500002 PM 20619174 ER PT J AU Zhang, JW Schaub, M Ferdinand, JA Skelly, JM Steiner, KC Savage, JE AF Zhang, Jianwei Schaub, Marcus Ferdinand, Jonathan A. Skelly, John M. Steiner, Kim C. Savage, James E. TI Leaf age affects the responses of foliar injury and gas exchange to tropospheric ozone in Prunus serotina seedlings SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Black cherry; Leaf age; Leaf nitrogen content; Leaf gas exchange; Ozone-induced foliar injury ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; BLACK-CHERRY TREES; OPEN-TOP CHAMBERS; AMBIENT OZONE; FOREST TREES; CO2 EXCHANGE; FRAXINUS-AMERICANA; MULTIPLE STRESSES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; AIR-POLLUTION AB We investigated the effect of leaf age on the response of net photosynthesis (A), stomatal conductance (g(wv)), foliar injury, and leaf nitrogen concentration (N(L)) to tropospheric ozone (O(3)) on Prunus serotina seedlings grown in open-plots (AA) and open-top chambers, supplied with either carbon-filtered or non-filtered air. We found significant variation in A, g(wv), foliar injury, and N(L) (P < 0.05) among O(3) treatments. Seedlings in AA showed the highest A and g(wv) due to relatively low vapor pressure deficit (VPD). Older leaves showed significantly lower A, g(wv), N(L), and higher foliar injury (P < 0.001) than younger leaves. Leaf age affected the response of A, g(wv), and foliar injury to O(3). Both VPD and N(L) had a strong influence on leaf gas exchange. Foliar O(3)-induced injury appeared when cumulative O(3) uptake reached 8-12 mmol m(-2), depending on soil water availability. The mechanistic assessment of O(3)-induced injury is a valuable approach for a biologically relevant O(3) risk assessment for forest trees. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Zhang, Jianwei; Schaub, Marcus; Ferdinand, Jonathan A.] Penn State Univ, Environm Resources Res Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Zhang, Jianwei; Steiner, Kim C.] Penn State Univ, Sch Forest Resources, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Skelly, John M.; Savage, James E.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Zhang, JW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, 3644 Avtech Pkwy, Redding, CA 96002 USA. EM jianweizhang@fs.fed.us RI Schaub, Marcus/E-4874-2012 OI Schaub, Marcus/0000-0002-0158-8892 FU U.S. EPA; National Center for Environmental Research and Quality Assurance, Washington, DC [825244-01-00] FX This project was partially supported by a grant from the U.S. EPA Science to Achieve Results (STAR) program. ID No. 825244-01-00, National Center for Environmental Research and Quality Assurance, Washington, DC. We also thank the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, Bureau of Forestry, Penn Nursery for their site and logistical support. This paper has not been subjected to review from any government agencies and therefore it does not necessarily reflect the views of these agencies. The comments provided by two anonymous reviewers on the earlier version were greatly appreciated. NR 73 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 158 IS 8 BP 2627 EP 2634 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.05.003 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 634HM UT WOS:000280571500016 PM 20537450 ER PT J AU Paoletti, E Grulke, NE AF Paoletti, Elena Grulke, Nancy E. TI Ozone exposure and stomatal sluggishness in different plant physiognomic classes SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Snap bean; Oak; Stomatal conductance; Stomatal sluggishness; Tropospheric ozone ID O-3 EXPOSURE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; CONDUCTANCE; LIGHT; AMENDMENT; POLLUTION; RESPONSES; BEHAVIOR; YIELD; PINE AB Gas exchange responses to static and variable light were tested in three species: snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, two cultivars), California black oak (Quercus kelloggii), and blue oak (Q. douglasii). The effects of 1-month (snap beans) and 2-month (oaks) O(3) (ozone) exposure (70 ppb over 8 h per day in open-top chambers) were investigated. A delay in stomatal responses (i.e., 'sluggish' responses) to variable light was found to be both an effect of O(3) exposure and a reason for increased O(3) sensitivity in snap bean cultivars, as it implied higher O(3) uptake during times of disequilibrium. Sluggishness increased the time to open (thus limiting CO(2) uptake) and close stomata (thus increasing transpirational water loss) after abrupt changes in light level. Similar responses were shown by snap beans and oaks, suggesting that O(3)-induced stomatal sluggishness is a common trait among different plant physiognomic classes. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Paoletti, Elena] CNR, IPP, I-50019 Florence, Italy. [Grulke, Nancy E.] US Forest Serv, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Paoletti, E (reprint author), CNR, IPP, Via Madonna Piano 10, I-50019 Florence, Italy. EM e.paoletti@ipp.cnr.it RI Paoletti, Elena/B-8974-2009 OI Paoletti, Elena/0000-0001-5324-7769 FU CNR FX We thank Kent Burkey for providing the seeds of the sensitive and tolerant varieties of snap bean, and providing information on their cultivation. Many thanks to Pam Padgett for allowing use her open-top chamber system and providing the oak seedlings. The use of trade names is for information only and does not imply commercial condonement by the US government. A travel grant was awarded to EP by the short-term mobility program of the CNR in order to conduct this research. NR 33 TC 50 Z9 54 U1 4 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 158 IS 8 BP 2664 EP 2671 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.04.024 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 634HM UT WOS:000280571500021 PM 20537773 ER PT J AU Escobedo, F Varela, S Zhao, M Wagner, JE Zipperer, W AF Escobedo, Francisco Varela, Sebastian Zhao, Min Wagner, John E. Zipperer, Wayne TI Analyzing the efficacy of subtropical urban forests in offsetting carbon emissions from cities SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY LA English DT Article DE Florida; Urban tree plantings; Ordinary kriging; Carbon dioxide reduction; Climate change ID GREENSPACE; STORAGE; FLORIDA; USA AB Urban forest management and policies have been promoted as a tool to mitigate carbon dioxide (CO(2)) emissions. This study used existing CO(2) reduction measures from subtropical Miami-Dade and Gainesville, USA and modeled carbon storage and sequestration by trees to analyze policies that use urban forests to offset carbon emissions. Field data were analyzed, modeled, and spatially analyzed to compare CO(2) sequestered by managing urban forests to equivalent amounts of CO(2) emitted in both urban areas. Urban forests in Gainesville have greater tree density, store more carbon and present lower per-tree sequestration rates than Miami-Dade as a result of environmental conditions and urbanization patterns. Areas characterized by natural pine-oak forests, mangroves, and stands of highly invasive trees were most apt at sequestering CO(2). Results indicate that urban tree sequestration offsets CO(2) emissions and, relative to total city-wide emissions, is moderately effective at 3.4 percent and 1.8 percent in Gainesville and Miami-Dade, respectively. Moreover, converting available non-treed areas into urban forests would not increase overall CO(2) emission reductions substantially. Current CO(2) sequestration by trees was comparable to implemented CO(2) reduction policies. However, long-term objectives, multiple ecosystem services, costs, community needs, and preservation of existing forests should be considered when managing trees for climate change mitigation and other ecosystem services. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Escobedo, Francisco; Varela, Sebastian] Univ Florida, IFAS, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Zhao, Min] Shanghai Normal Univ, Urban Ecol & Environm Res Ctr, Shanghai 200234, Peoples R China. [Wagner, John E.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Zipperer, Wayne] US Forest Serv, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Escobedo, F (reprint author), Univ Florida, IFAS, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, POB 110410,Newins Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM fescobed@ufl.edu RI Romero, Luz/E-7993-2012; Escobedo, Francisco /H-1286-2016 OI Escobedo, Francisco /0000-0002-9272-5046 FU Florida Agricultural Experiment Station; USDA Forest Service Centers for Urban and Interface Forestry FX We would like to thank Joy Klein from Miami-Dade County Department of Environmental Resources Management, Henry Mayer from Miami-Dade Cooperative Extension, Micah Pace and Mark Torok from the Florida Division of Forestry for field work assistance. We thank Sean McClendon- Alachua County Office of Sustainability for emission reduction information. We also thank Ross Hinkle and Eric Kuehler for reviewing this manuscript. The Florida Agricultural Experiment Station and USDA Forest Service Centers for Urban and Interface Forestry funded this project. NR 24 TC 61 Z9 72 U1 4 U2 71 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1462-9011 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLICY JI Environ. Sci. Policy PD AUG PY 2010 VL 13 IS 5 BP 362 EP 372 DI 10.1016/j.envsci.2010.03.009 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 633XK UT WOS:000280540300003 ER PT J AU Ashworth, DJ Luo, L Xuan, R Yates, SR AF Ashworth, D. J. Luo, L. Xuan, R. Yates, S. R. TI 1,3-Dichloropropene and Chloropicrin Emissions Following Simulated Drip Irrigation to Raised Beds under Plastic Films SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC VOLATILIZATION; METHYL ISOTHIOCYANATE; SOIL FUMIGATION; FUMIGANTS; PERMEABILITY; BROMIDE AB Using laboratory soil chambers a nonscaled representation of an agricultural raised bed was constructed. For a sandy loam soil, 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) were applied at 5 cm depth with an excess of water (simulated drip irrigation). Application was made under both high density polyethylene (HOPE) and virtually impermeable film (VIF) covering the soil bed (the furrow was left uncovered). Soil gas distribution of the fumigants, together with emissions into the headspace above the bed, sidewall and furrow were determined over time. Total emissions from the HOPE treatment were cis 1,3-D 28%, trans 1,3-D 24%, and CP 8%. Due to its lower permeability, the values for VIF were 13%, 7%, and 1.5%, respectively. With HDPE, the majority (86-93%) of the emissions occurred from the bed, while for VIF the majority (92-99%) of the emissions was from the furrow. Compared to a range of literature values for shank injection, the use of drip application appears to offer a benefit in reducing 1,3-D and CP emissions. However, the most meaningful comparison is with our previous data for simulated shank injection where the same soil was covered (completely) with the same plastic films (1). In this comparison, only 1,3-D emissions under HOPE were lower with drip application; 1,3-D emissions under VIF and CP emissions under both films were greater with the drip application. C1 [Ashworth, D. J.; Luo, L.; Xuan, R.; Yates, S. R.] USDA ARS, United States Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Ashworth, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, United States Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RI Ashworth, Daniel/A-9701-2008 FU California Air Resources Board FX We thank Q. Zhang and Y. Wang for their technical assistance in conducting these experiments. This work was funded by California Air Resources Board. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this paper is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 1 PY 2010 VL 44 IS 15 BP 5793 EP 5798 DI 10.1021/es100641q PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 631SD UT WOS:000280367200023 PM 20597537 ER PT J AU Carroll, JF Paluch, G Coats, J Kramer, M AF Carroll, J. F. Paluch, G. Coats, J. Kramer, M. TI Elemol and amyris oil repel the ticks Ixodes scapularis and Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) in laboratory bioassays SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amyris balsamifera; Maclura pomifera; Blacklegged tick; Lone star tick ID LYME-DISEASE; PERSONAL PROTECTION; BORNE DISEASES; COMMUNITY; PERMETHRIN; PREVENTION; EFFICACY; RICINUS; HUMANS; SKIN AB The essential oil from Amyris balsamifera (Rutaceae) and elemol, a principal constituent of the essential oil of Osage orange, Maclura pomifera (Moraceae) were evaluated in in vitro and in vivo laboratory bioassays for repellent activity against host-seeking nymphs of the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis, and the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum. Both bioassays took advantage of the tendency of these host-seeking ticks to climb slender vertical surfaces. In one bioassay, the central portion of a vertical strip of filter paper was treated with test solution and ticks placed or allowed to crawl onto the untreated lower portion. In the other bioassay, a strip of organdy cloth treated with test solution was doubly wrapped (treatment on outer layer) around the middle phalanx of a forefinger and ticks released on the fingertip. Both amyris oil and elemol were repellent to both species of ticks. Elemol did not differ significantly in effectiveness against A. americanum from the widely used repellent deet. At 2 and 4 h after application to filter paper, 827 mu g amyris oil/cm(2) paper repelled 80 and 55%, respectively, of A. americanum nymphs. Ixodes scapularis was repelled by lower concentrations of amyris oil and elemol than A. americanum. C1 [Carroll, J. F.] ARS, USDA, Invas Insect Behav & Biocontrol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Paluch, G.; Coats, J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kramer, M.] ARS, USDA, Biometr Consulting Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Carroll, JF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Insect Behav & Biocontrol Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, BARC E,Bldg 1040, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM john.carroll@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8162 J9 EXP APPL ACAROL JI Exp. Appl. Acarol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 51 IS 4 BP 383 EP 392 DI 10.1007/s10493-009-9329-0 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 621OM UT WOS:000279588600007 PM 20016930 ER PT J AU Shih, RSM Wong, SHK Schoene, NW Zhang, JJ Lei, KY AF Shih, Rita S. M. Wong, Stephen H. K. Schoene, Norberta W. Zhang, Jun Jun Lei, Kai Y. TI Enhanced Gadd45 expression and delayed G2/M progression are p53-dependent in zinc-supplemented human bronchial epithelial cells SO EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE CDK1/Cyclin B1 complex; Gadd45 promoter activity; G2/M cell cycle progression; Pifithrin; p53 mRNA ID P53-REGULATED PROTEIN GADD45; CANCER-CELLS; DNA-DAMAGE; CYCLE CHECKPOINT; PROSTATE-CANCER; KINASE-ACTIVITY; G(2)/M ARREST; P53; INDUCTION; APOPTOSIS AB Zinc is an essential nutrient for humans; however, this study demonstrated for the first time that an elevated zinc status, created by culturing cells at optimal plasma zinc concentration attainable by oral zinc supplementation, is cytotoxic for normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells. p53 plays a central role in the modulation of cell signal transduction in response to the stress from DNA damage, hypoxia and oncogene activation. The present study was designed to determine whether the previously reported increased Gadd45 expression and delayed G2/M cell cycle progression in zinc-supplemented NHBE cells is p53-dependent, and to decipher the mechanisms responsible for the regulation of Gadd45 expressions by p53, and elucidate the Gadd45 functions in impaired cell growth and cell cycle progression in NHBE cells. Cells were cultured for one passage in different concentrations of zinc: <0.4 mu mol/L (ZD) as severe zinc-deficient; 4 mu mol/L (ZN) as normal zinc level in culture medium; 16 mu mol/L (ZA) as normal human plasma zinc level; and 32 mu mol/L (ZS) as the high end of plasma zinc attainable by oral supplementation. Inhibition of cell growth and upregulation of p53 mRNA and protein expression were observed in ZS cells. Most importantly, ZS treatment also enhanced Gadd45 nuclear protein level and promoter activity, decreased CDK1-Cyclin B1 level and delayed G2/M cell cycle progression. These changes were normalized to those observed in ZN by treating ZS cells with Pifitherin, an inhibitor of p53 transactivation activity. Thus, our findings support the p53 dependency of the Gadd45-CDK1/Cyclin B1-G2/M cell cycle progression pathway in ZS NHBE cells. C1 [Shih, Rita S. M.; Wong, Stephen H. K.; Zhang, Jun Jun; Lei, Kai Y.] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Schoene, Norberta W.] ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lei, Kai Y.] King Saud Univ, Ctr Excellence Biotechnol Res, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. RP Lei, KY (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, 0121 Skinner Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM dlei@umd.edu RI shih, sheung-mei/F-8024-2010 FU US Department of Agriculture National Research Initiative [2002-35200-12241]; USDA ARS CRIS [1235-51530-052-00D] FX The assistance provided by Ms Noella A Bryden in the analyses of trace minerals in Dr Richard A Anderson's Lab at the Diet, Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture is gratefully acknowledged. This work was supported by US Department of Agriculture National Research Initiative Grant 2002-35200-12241 (KYL) and USDA ARS CRIS Project 1235-51530-052-00D (NWS). NR 38 TC 6 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY MEDICINE PI MAYWOOD PA 195 WEST SPRING VALLEY AVE, MAYWOOD, NJ 07607-1727 USA SN 1535-3702 J9 EXP BIOL MED JI Exp. Biol. Med. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 235 IS 8 BP 932 EP 940 DI 10.1258/ebm.2010.010076 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 634MQ UT WOS:000280586600005 PM 20660093 ER PT J AU Jenkins, MC Tuo, WB Feng, XS Cao, LL Murphy, C Fetterer, R AF Jenkins, Mark C. Tuo, Wenbin Feng, Xiaosheng Cao, Lili Murphy, Charles Fetterer, Raymond TI Neospora caninum: Cloning and expression of a gene coding for cytokine-inducing profilin SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neospora caninum; Profilin; Tachyzoites; Cytokine response ID HOST-CELL INVASION; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; RECEPTOR RECOGNITION; RECOMBINANT NCSRS2; SURFACE PROTEIN; MICE; IMMUNIZATION; INFECTION AB Profilins are actin-binding proteins that in Toxoplasma gondii stimulate innate immunity in mice by binding Toll-like receptors (TLR) on dendritic cells (DC) leading to release of inflammatory cytokines, primarily IL-12 and IFN-gamma. The purpose of the present study was to characterize Neospora caninum profilin, termed NcProfilin. Recombinant NcProfilin was purified by affinity chromatography, and used to prepare specific antisera to allow characterization of native NcProfilin antigen in N. caninum tachyzoites. By immunoblotting, recombinant NcProfilin is 22 kDa, and is similar in size to the respective 22 kDa native protein. Immunofluorescence and immunoelectron microscopy localized native NcProfilin to the apical end of N. caninum tachyzoites. Incubation of recombinant NcProfilin with spleen cells from BALB/c mice induced release of IFN-gamma. Also, injection of BALB/c mice with purified rNcProfilin elicited a strong IFN-gamma and IL-12 responses at 6 and 24 h after injection indicating that NcProfilin may be an important protein in regulation of cytokine responses to N. caninum. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Jenkins, Mark C.; Tuo, Wenbin; Feng, Xiaosheng; Cao, Lili; Fetterer, Raymond] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Murphy, Charles] ARS, Soybean Genet Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Jenkins, MC (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Bldg 1040, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM mark.jenkins@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 125 IS 4 BP 357 EP 362 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2010.03.001 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 606LE UT WOS:000278425700007 PM 20211619 ER PT J AU Kongchum, P Palti, Y Hallerman, EM Hulata, G David, L AF Kongchum, Pawapol Palti, Yniv Hallerman, Eric M. Hulata, Gideon David, Lior TI SNP discovery and development of genetic markers for mapping innate immune response genes in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cyprinus carpio; SNP; Immune response genes; Genetic markers; Disease resistance ID TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR; POLYMORPHISM; DISEASE; L.; SUSCEPTIBILITY; DUPLICATION; RESISTANCE; OUTCOMES; GENOME; CELLS AB Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in immune response genes have been reported as markers for susceptibility to infectious diseases in human and livestock. A disease caused by cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) is highly contagious and virulent in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). With the aim to develop molecular tools for breeding CyHV-3-resistant carp, we have amplified and sequenced 11 candidate genes for viral disease resistance including TLR2, TLR3, TLR4ba, TLR7, TLR9, TLR21, TLR22, MyD88, TRAF6, type I IFN and IL-1 beta. For each gene, we initially cloned and sequenced PCR amplicons from 8 to 12 fish (2-3 fish per strain) from the SNP discovery panel. We then identified and evaluated putative SNPs for their polymorphisms in the SNP discovery panel and validated their usefulness for linkage analysis in a full-sib family using the SNaPshot method. Our sequencing results and phylogenetic analyses suggested that TLR3, TLR7 and MyD88 genes are duplicated in the common carp genome. We, therefore, developed locus-specific PCR primers and SNP genotyping assays for the duplicated loci. A total of 48 SNP markers were developed from PCR fragments of the 13 loci (7 single-locus and 3 duplicated genes). Thirty-nine markers were polymorphic with estimated minor allele frequencies of more than 0.1. The utility of the SNP markers was evaluated in one full-sib family and revealed that 20 markers from 9 loci segregated in a disomic and Mendelian pattern and would be useful for linkage analysis. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kongchum, Pawapol; Palti, Yniv] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Kongchum, Pawapol; Hallerman, Eric M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Hulata, Gideon] Agr Res Org, Inst Anim Sci, Volcani Ctr, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [David, Lior] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, RH Smith Fac Agr Food & Environm, Dept Anim Sci, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. RP Palti, Y (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM yniv.palti@ars.usda.gov RI Hulata, Gideon/B-4238-2008; David, Lior/G-8754-2012 OI Hulata, Gideon/0000-0001-7318-7505; David, Lior/0000-0002-6555-0594 FU US-Israel BARD Program [IS-3997-07]; Royal Thai Government; Virginia Agricultural Experimental Station through the USDA-CSREES Hatch Program FX The authors thank Kristy Shewbridge, Roseanna Long and Brian Smith for their technical assistance and Dr. Sylvie Quiniou for her advice on how to design degenerate PCR primers. This work was funded by the US-Israel BARD Program grant no. IS-3997-07. The Royal Thai Government is acknowledged for the provision of a scholarship to P.K. E.M.H. is partially supported by Virginia Agricultural Experimental Station through the USDA-CSREES Hatch Program. NR 29 TC 43 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 21 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 29 IS 2 BP 356 EP 361 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2010.04.013 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 618XH UT WOS:000279388900024 PM 20420915 ER PT J AU Onwulata, CI Tomasula, PM AF Onwulata, Charles I. Tomasula, Peggy M. TI Gelling Properties of Tyrosinase-Treated Dairy Proteins SO FOOD AND BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Enzyme; Tyrosinase; Gels; Microparticulation; Whey proteins ID WHEY PROTEINS; CROSS-LINKING; GELS; TEMPERATURE; PRESSURE; GELATION AB Protein-based viscous gels can augment or replace carbohydrate-based ones for specific nutritional formulations such as in reduced calorie or low-fat food applications. In this study, slurries of whey protein isolates and calcium caseinate mixed with alginic acid (20% T.S.) were subjected to high-shear homogenization (microparticulation) at 27,000 rpm for 2, 3, 4, and 6 min. The resulting slurries were incubated with mushroom tyrosinase (E.C. 1.14.18.1) at levels of 3, 6, and 9 mg/100 g for 15, 30, and 60 min to facilitate gel formation of the alginic acid with the homogenized dairy proteins. The results indicate that the time of high-shear homogenization had significant (P < 0.05) effect on the viscosities of the gels. Highest gel viscosity was obtained with 6 mg tyrosinase at 60 min, but increases in gel viscosity depended on time of shear, with 2 and 4 min shear resulting in higher viscosity (484 and 6,143 cP) and stronger complex viscosity (49 and 38 Pa.s at 1 rad/s), respectively, compared to the control (69 cP) and (12 Pa.s at 1 rad/s). Gels were stable in refrigerated storage up to 240 h, strengthened with time of refrigeration storage, and became significantly more viscoelastic. Optimal viscous properties were obtained at 4 min microparticulation, 60 min incubation, and 6 mg tyrosinase treatment. C1 [Onwulata, Charles I.; Tomasula, Peggy M.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Onwulata, CI (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM charles.onwulata@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1935-5130 EI 1935-5149 J9 FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH JI Food Bioprocess Technol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 3 IS 4 BP 554 EP 560 DI 10.1007/s11947-008-0124-4 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 611QG UT WOS:000278834600009 ER PT J AU Breksa, AP Takeoka, GR Hidalgo, MB Vilches, A Vasse, J Ramming, DW AF Breksa, Andrew P., III Takeoka, Gary R. Hidalgo, Marlene B. Vilches, Ana Vasse, Justine Ramming, David W. TI Antioxidant activity and phenolic content of 16 raisin grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars and selections SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Grapes; Raisins; Vitis vinifera L.; Phenolics; Antioxidants; HPLC ID HEART-DISEASE; CAPACITY; VARIETIES; RED; BERRIES; ACIDS AB Six raisin grape cultivars and 10 new raisin grape selections were analyzed for antioxidant activity (ABTS assay) and for total and individual phenolic compounds. Samples were freeze-dried and values are reported on a dry weight basis. Antioxidant activity across the 16 samples ranged from 7.7 to 60.9 mu mol Trolox/g DW, with A95-27 exhibiting the greatest activity. Total phenolic content, determined in gallic acid equivalents using the Folin-Ciocalteau assay, ranged from 316.3 to 1141.3 mg gallic acid/100 g DW and was strongly correlated (r = 0.990) with antioxidant results. Concentrations of individual phenolics were determined by HPLC. trans-Caftaric acid was the predominant compound in all samples. A95-15 contained the lowest concentration (153.5 mu g/g DW) of caftaric acid, while Fiesta contained the highest concentration (598.7 mu g/g DW). Selections A56-66, A95-15, and A95-27 had much higher levels of catechin (86.5-209.1 mu g/g DW) and epicatechin (126.5-365.7 mu g/g DW) than the other samples. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Breksa, Andrew P., III; Takeoka, Gary R.; Hidalgo, Marlene B.; Vilches, Ana; Vasse, Justine] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Ramming, David W.] ARS, USDA, Crop Dis Pests & Genet Res Unit, Pother, CA 93648 USA. RP Breksa, AP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan Sr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM andrew.breksa@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 28 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 2010 VL 121 IS 3 BP 740 EP 745 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.01.029 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 578KQ UT WOS:000276292700015 ER PT J AU Paucar-Menacho, LM Berhow, MA Mandarino, JMG Chang, YK de Mejia, EG AF Paucar-Menacho, Luz Maria Berhow, Mark A. Gontijo Mandarino, Jose Marcos Chang, Yoon Kil de Mejia, Elvira Gonzalez TI Effect of time and temperature on bioactive compounds in germinated Brazilian soybean cultivar BRS 258 SO FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Soybean BRS 258; Germination; Soy peptides; Lunasin; Bowman-Birk inhibitor; Lectin; Isoflavones; Saponins ID BOWMAN-BIRK INHIBITOR; TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; ISOFLAVONE CONTENTS; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; SEEDS; PRODUCTS; LEGUMES; QUALITY; LUNASIN AB The objective was to determine the effect of time and temperature on the concentration of bioactive compounds during germination of Brazilian soybean cultivar BRS 258. The concentration of bioactive compounds was optimized using Response Surface Methodology, with a 2(2) central composite rotational design and germination time and temperature as independent variables. Germination was carried out in a germination chamber, using paper in trays containing 500 g of seeds. Germination temperature and time modified the concentrations of bioactive compounds within the ranges studied. An increase in germination time at 25 degrees C decreased the concentration of Bowman-Birk inhibitor, lectin and lipoxygenase. After 63 h of germination, a temperature increase from 20 degrees C to 30 degrees C resulted in a decrease of lipoxygenase activity by 22.5%. Optimal increases in the concentrations of isoflavone aglycones (daidzein and genistein) and saponin glycosides were observed with a 63 h germination time at 30 degrees C. Both germination time and temperature had an influence on the composition and concentration of bioactive compounds in germinated soybean flour. Equations determined can be used to predict concentrations of bioactive compounds in germinated soybeans in relation to climate changes and thus optimize their potential use in human health and nutrition. (c) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Paucar-Menacho, Luz Maria; de Mejia, Elvira Gonzalez] Univ Illinois, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Paucar-Menacho, Luz Maria; Chang, Yoon Kil] Univ Estadual Campinas, Dept Food Technol, Fac Food Engn, BR-13083862 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Berhow, Mark A.] ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Gontijo Mandarino, Jose Marcos] EMBRAPA Soybean, Londrina, PR, Brazil. RP de Mejia, EG (reprint author), 228 ERML,MC 051,1201 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM edemejia@uiuc.edu FU CAPES-PEC PG FX The authors wish to thank CAPES-PEC PG for granting Luz Maria Paucar-Menachos scholarship and Mr. Rodolfo Rohr Neto (So-Soja do Brasil Ltda.) and Mr. Kenji S. Narumiya (Sun Foods-Brasil) for the financial support. Embrapa-Soybean - The National Center for Soybean Research, Brazil. Embrapa Technology Transfer, Brazil, for the donation of soybean BRS 258. Unicamp's Foundation for Teaching, Research and Extension (FAEPEX) for the Grant. NR 49 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9969 J9 FOOD RES INT JI Food Res. Int. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 43 IS 7 SI SI BP 1856 EP 1865 DI 10.1016/j.foodres.2009.09.016 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 663CN UT WOS:000282860700012 ER PT J AU Inglett, GE Chen, D Rose, DJ Berhow, M AF Inglett, G. E. Chen, D. Rose, D. J. Berhow, M. TI High-shear, Jet-cooking, and Alkali Treatment of Corn Distillers' Dried Grains to Obtain Products with Enhanced Protein, Oil and Phenolic Antioxidants SO FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE distillers; grains; extraction; ferulic acid; coumaric acid; caffeic acid; antioxidant activity ID SOLUBLES DDGS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; PASTING PROPERTIES; EXTRACTION; FLOUR; FIBER; ACIDS; QUALITY; BREAD AB Distillers dried grains (DDG) have potential to be a nutritionally important source of protein, oil and phenolic antioxidants. DDG was subjected to high-shear and jet-cooking, with or without alkaline pH adjustment and autoclaving. Soluble and insoluble fractions were analyzed for protein, oil and ash. Extracts were analyzed for phenolic acids and antioxidant activity. Protein contents were significantly elevated in the insoluble fractions after treatment and the oil content was drastically increased in the insoluble fraction after high-shear and jet-cooking without pH adjustment. Alkaline pH adjustment resulted in a soluble fraction that was highest in phenolic acids, but not antioxidant activity. The highest antioxidant activity was found in the 50% ethanol extract from DDG that had been subjected to high-shear and jet-cooking. These results suggest that high-shear and jet-cooking may be useful processing treatments to increase the value of DDG by producing fractions high in protein, oil and extractable phenolic acids with high antioxidant activity. The DDG fractions and extracts described herein may be useful as food and nutraceutical ingredients, and, if used for these applications, will increase the value of DDG and ease economic burdens on ethanol producers, allowing them to compete in the bio-fuel marketplace. C1 [Inglett, G. E.; Chen, D.; Rose, D. J.; Berhow, M.] ARS, Funct Food Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. RP Inglett, GE (reprint author), ARS, Funct Food Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. EM George.Inglett@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1082-0132 J9 FOOD SCI TECHNOL INT JI Food Sci. Technol. Int. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 16 IS 4 BP 297 EP 304 DI 10.1177/1082013209353821 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 664ML UT WOS:000282965200002 PM 21339146 ER PT J AU Boyer, DG Kuczynska, E AF Boyer, Douglas G. Kuczynska, Ewa TI Prevalence and Concentration of Cryptosporidium Oocysts in Beef Cattle Paddock Soils and Forage SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID PARVUM OOCYSTS; GIARDIA SPP.; DAIRY FARMS; WATER; TRANSPORT; SURVIVAL; MANURE; RISK; INACTIVATION; MANAGEMENT AB Cryptosporidium is a parasitic protozoan of great interest because of its widespread occurrence in surface waters, high degree of infectivity, and difficulty of risk management associated with its presence and control. Information about environmental loading and seasonal prevalence of Cryptosporidium oocysts is important for development of watershed management plans to protect public health. Healthy adult beef cattle are known to shed oocysts into the environment, and Cryptosporidium oocysts are often present all year in streams and groundwater in livestock agriculture areas. Surface soil and forage samples from 12 Virginia, United States, paddocks were analyzed bimonthly over 3 years for the presence and concentrations of Cryptosporidium oocysts. Half of the paddocks were grazed by stocker beef from November to September. The other half were managed for hay, but were grazed for a few days by the same animals in late fall and early spring to clean up late fall forage regrowth. Annual mean oocyst prevalences in soil were 57.9% and 48.4% in pasture and hay paddocks, respectively. Mean annual oocyst prevalences on forage were 52.4% and 40.5% in pasture and hay paddocks, respectively. Prevalence and concentration of oocysts on hay forage was highest in summer. Oocyst concentrations increased with increasing prevalences in both management systems. Wild animals appeared to be efficient vectors for oocyst distribution among paddocks. Canopy management, short-cycle rotational grazing, and control of wildlife are potential strategies for reduction of Cryptosporidium oocysts in pasture and lessening risk of contamination of water supplies, but further studies are needed before recommendations can be made. C1 [Boyer, Douglas G.; Kuczynska, Ewa] USDA, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Agr Res Ctr, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. RP Boyer, DG (reprint author), USDA, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Agr Res Ctr, 1224 Airport Rd, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. EM doug.boyer@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS FX Contribution of the U. S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS). Trade and company names are used for the benefit of readers and do not imply endorsement by the USDA. This research was supported by the 205 Rangeland, Pasture, and Forages National Program of the USDA-ARS. The authors gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance of Laura Cooper and Derek Hall. Virginia Tech and the Shenandoah Valley Agricultural Research and Extension Center are thanked for allowing us to sample in their research paddocks. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 7 IS 8 BP 893 EP 900 DI 10.1089/fpd.2009.0480 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 631UK UT WOS:000280374900004 PM 20353289 ER PT J AU Uhlich, GA Rogers, DP Mosier, DA AF Uhlich, Gaylen A. Rogers, Donna P. Mosier, Derek A. TI Escherichia coli Serotype O157:H7 Retention on Solid Surfaces and Peroxide Resistance Is Enhanced by Dual-Strain Biofilm Formation SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; CELLULOSE PRODUCTION; CURLI FIMBRIAE; FOOD-INDUSTRY; O157-H7; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; EXPRESSION; PRODUCE AB In a previous study we showed that an Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain that was unable to form biofilm was retained in large numbers in dual-strain biofilms formed with an E. coli O-:H4 companion strain. In this study we tested additional companion strains for their ability to retain E. coli O157:H7 strain 0475s. Companion strains producing biofilm that withstood aggressive washes were able to significantly increase serotype O157:H7 retention. Dual-strain biofilms with certain companion strains retained higher percentages of strain 0475s, and that ability was independent of biofilm total cell numbers. Tests with additional non-biofilm-forming E. coli O157:H7 strains showed that enhancement by companion strains was not unique to strain 0475s. Experiments using an E. coli companion strain with deletions of various curli and cellulose genes indicated that dual-strain biofilm formation was dependent on companion strain properties. Strain 0475s was not able to generate biofilm or persist on plastic when grown in broth with a biofilm-forming companion and separated by a 0.2 mm porous membrane, indicating a requirement for intimate contact with the companion strain. When dual-strain biofilms and planktonic cells were challenged with 5% H(2)O(2), strain 0475 showed greater survival in biofilms with certain companion strains compared to the corresponding planktonic cells. The results of this study indicate that non-biofilm-forming E. coli O157:H7 strains are retained on solid surfaces associated with biofilms generated by companion strains. However, properties other than biofilm mass enable certain companion strains to retain greater numbers of E. coli O157:H7. C1 [Uhlich, Gaylen A.] USDA, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Rogers, Donna P.; Mosier, Derek A.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Diagnost Med Pathobiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Uhlich, GA (reprint author), USDA, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM gaylen.uhlich@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 7 IS 8 BP 935 EP 943 DI 10.1089/fpd.2009.0503 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 631UK UT WOS:000280374900010 PM 20367070 ER PT J AU Geils, BW Hummer, KE Hunt, RS AF Geils, Brian W. Hummer, Kim E. Hunt, Richard S. TI White pines, Ribes, and blister rust: a review and synthesis SO FOREST PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; CRONARTIUM-RIBICOLA; SUGAR PINE; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; LIMBER PINE; INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; ALTERNATE HOST AB P>For over a century, white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) has linked white pines (Strobus) with currants and gooseberries (Ribes) in a complex and serious disease epidemic in Asia, Europe, and North America. Because of ongoing changes in climate, societal demands for forests and their amenities, and scientific advances in genetics and proteomics, our current understanding and management of the white pine blister rust pathosystem has become outdated. Here, we present a review and synthesis of international scope on the biology and management of blister rust, white pines, Ribes, and other hosts. In this article, we provide a geographical and historical background, describe the taxonomy and life cycle of the rust, discuss pathology and ecology, and introduce a series of invited papers. These review articles summarize the literature on white pines, Ribes, and blister rust with respect to their status, threats, and management through genetics and silviculture. Although the principal focus is on North America, the different epidemics in Europe and Asia are also described. In the final article, we discuss several of the key observations and conclusions from the preceding review articles and identify prudent actions for research and management of white pine blister rust. C1 [Geils, Brian W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Hummer, Kim E.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Hunt, Richard S.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. RP Geils, BW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM bgeils@fs.fed.us NR 332 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 6 U2 49 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1437-4781 J9 FOREST PATHOL JI Forest Pathol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 40 IS 3-4 BP 147 EP 185 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0329.2010.00654.x PG 39 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 639SV UT WOS:000280995700002 ER PT J AU Schwandt, JW Lockman, IB Kliejunas, JT Muir, JA AF Schwandt, J. W. Lockman, I. B. Kliejunas, J. T. Muir, J. A. TI Current health issues and management strategies for white pines in the western United States and Canada SO FOREST PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review ID BLISTER RUST; NEEDLE BLIGHT; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; SIERRA-NEVADA; LIMBER-PINE; 1ST REPORT; CALIFORNIA; COLEOPTERA; SEVERITY; COLORADO AB P>The introduced pathogen Cronartium ribicola, cause of white pine blister rust, has spread across much of western North America and established known infestations within all but one species of white pine endemic to western Canada and the United States. Blister rust damage to severely diseased trees reduces reproduction and survival. Severe losses in white pine populations have resulted in site conversions to other species and seriously impacted resource values for timber, wildlife, watershed, recreation, aesthetic and other ecosystem services. In addition to blister rust, other major forest health threats and challenges to sustaining or restoring white pine populations are infestations of other pathogens, insects, fire, management practices that favour other tree species, and climatic change. Recent, large-scale outbreaks of mountain pine beetle have raised concerns for the viability of some white pine populations. In the 1960s, forest disease management for western white pine and sugar pine shifted from Ribes eradication to planting seedlings selected for better survival and resistance to blister rust. Seed orchards for producing improved white pines have been established, but deployment of that improved stock is hampered by a lack of planting opportunities. The inheritance and mechanisms of resistance are best known for western white pine and sugar pine; but new work is extending an understanding of genetics to all the western species of white pine. Current management efforts are focused on locating and protecting individual trees resistant to blister rust and assessing their disease resistance and other adaptive traits. In response to the threats from blister rust, the strategic goal is to sustain or restore viable white pine populations in western forest ecosystems. The four action components of the strategy are: (1) conserve genetic resistance to C. ribicola; (2) reduce the risk of adverse impact in stands currently uninfested; (3) restore and maintain white pines where blister rust is causing impacts and (4) assess and monitor the health and management of white pines. Successful implementation requires long-term support for coordinated efforts of management and research agencies, forest industry and an informed public. C1 [Schwandt, J. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Coeur Dalene, ID 83815 USA. [Lockman, I. B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Missoula, MT USA. [Kliejunas, J. T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Vallejo, CA USA. [Muir, J. A.] British Columbia Minist Forests, Victoria, BC, Canada. RP Schwandt, JW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Coeur Dalene, ID 83815 USA. EM jschwandt@fs.fed.us NR 146 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1437-4781 J9 FOREST PATHOL JI Forest Pathol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 40 IS 3-4 BP 226 EP 250 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0329.2010.00656.x PG 25 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 639SV UT WOS:000280995700004 ER PT J AU Hummer, KE Dale, A AF Hummer, K. E. Dale, A. TI Horticulture of Ribes SO FOREST PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review ID POWDERY MILDEW; RED CURRANTS; ANTHOCYANINS; GOOSEBERRY; CAPACITY; MARKERS; BLACK AB P>The genus Ribes L., known as currants and gooseberries, contains more than 150 diverse species indigenous throughout the northern hemisphere and along the Rocky Mountain, Sierra Nevada and Sierra Madres in North America through mountain ranges of Central America to the Andes in South America. Beginning in the 1400s, four main crop types, black currants (Ribes, subgenus: Ribes, section: Botrycarpum), red and white currants (Ribes, subgenus: Ribes, section: Ribes) and gooseberries (Ribes, subgenus: Grossularia) were domesticated from European species. American and Eurasian species were selected and combined into the germplasm base of European and American breeding programmes in the 1900s. Black currants (R. nigrum and hybrids) are a major economic crop in many European countries but are minor in North America, although they can be produced successfully in the northern states and southern portion of the Canadian provinces. Ribes plants can be hosts for white pine blister rust, caused by Cronartium ribicola. This disease was introduced from Asia through Europe into North America ca. 1900. Restrictions were imposed on currants and gooseberries in the United States when the rust was observed on this continent. Although some states have recently repealed these restrictions, by 2009, 12 states continue to have 40-year-old laws prohibiting or restricting Ribes cultivation. The purpose of this paper is to describe the cultivation of currants and gooseberries and their interaction with rust. Ribes production has a potentially great economic value in American, niche markets that could help sustain small-acreage, berry farmers. C1 [Hummer, K. E.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Dale, A.] Univ Guelph, Dept Plant Agr, Simcoe, ON N3Y 4S4, Canada. RP Hummer, KE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM Kim.Hummer@ars.usda.gov FU USDA ARS CRIS [5358-21000-033-00D, 5358-21000-038-00D] FX We acknowledge the support provided by USDA ARS CRIS 5358-21000-033-00D and USDA ARS CRIS 5358-21000-038-00D. NR 52 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1437-4781 J9 FOREST PATHOL JI Forest Pathol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 40 IS 3-4 BP 251 EP 263 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0329.2010.00657.x PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 639SV UT WOS:000280995700005 ER PT J AU Zambino, PJ AF Zambino, P. J. TI Biology and pathology of Ribes and their implications for management of white pine blister rust SO FOREST PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CRONARTIUM-RIBICOLA; NORTH-AMERICA; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; ALTERNATE HOST; 1ST REPORT; SPREAD; INFECTION; FOREST AB P>Ribes (currants and gooseberries) are telial hosts for the introduced and invasive white pine blister rust fungus, Cronartium ribicola. Knowledge of wild and introduced Ribes helps us understand the epidemiology of blister rust on its aecial hosts, white pines, and develop disease control and management strategies. Ribes differ by species in their contribution to initial establishment and subsequent intensification of blister rust. Their significance to pine infection depends on their inherent capacities to become infected and support spore production, their abundance and environmental interactions. Ribes and white pines are adapted to disturbance and frequently co-occur in forest and woodland ecosystems. Differences in light and moisture requirements affect how long various species of Ribes occupy a site. Natural or artificial selection increases rust resistance in white pines, Ribes, and other host genera; but selection also affects virulence and aggressiveness of C. ribicola. Blister rust pathosystems evolve. Local pathosystems wherein the rust and its hosts coexist with reduced damage could arise by several processes. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, San Bernardino, CA 92408 USA. RP Zambino, PJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, San Bernardino, CA 92408 USA. EM pzambino@fs.fed.us NR 200 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1437-4781 J9 FOREST PATHOL JI Forest Pathol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 40 IS 3-4 BP 264 EP 291 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0329.2010.00658.x PG 28 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 639SV UT WOS:000280995700006 ER PT J AU Richardson, BA Ekramoddoulah, AKM Liu, JJ Kim, MS Klopfenstein, NB AF Richardson, B. A. Ekramoddoulah, A. K. M. Liu, J. -J. Kim, M. -S. Klopfenstein, N. B. TI Current and future molecular approaches to investigate the white pine blister rust pathosystem SO FOREST PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review ID FUNGUS CRONARTIUM-RIBICOLA; DISEASE RESISTANCE GENES; SUGAR PINE; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; NORTH-AMERICA; PLANT-DISEASE; RIBES GROSSULARIACEAE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MICROSATELLITE DNA; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA AB P>Molecular genetics is proving to be especially useful for addressing a wide variety of research and management questions on the white pine blister rust pathosystem. White pine blister rust, caused by Cronartium ribicola, is an ideal model for studying biogeography, genetics, and evolution because: (1) it involves an introduced pathogen; (2) it includes multiple primary and alternate hosts occurring in large, relatively undisturbed ecosystems; (3) some hosts exhibit endemic resistance; and (4) the disease interaction is long enduring. Molecular techniques are used to investigate population genetics, phylogenetics, hybrids, and proteomics in white pine (Pinus, subgenus Strobus) and blister rust (Cronartium) and the genetics of resistance and virulence in the blister rust pathosystem. These techniques include genetic markers, mapping, microarrays, sequencing, association genetics, genomics, and genecology. Molecular genetics contributes to gene conservation, breeding for resistance, and ecosystem management. C1 [Richardson, B. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Provo, UT 84606 USA. [Ekramoddoulah, A. K. M.; Liu, J. -J.] Pacific Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. [Kim, M. -S.] Kookmin Univ, Coll Forest Sci, Seoul 134702, South Korea. [Klopfenstein, N. B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID USA. RP Richardson, BA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Provo, UT 84606 USA. EM brichardson02@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service; RMRS; USDA Forest Service, RMRS, Forest and Woodland Ecosystems FX This article was supported by the USDA Forest Service, RMRS, Forest and Woodland Ecosystems. The authors thank Dennis E. Ferguson, Tobin L. Peever, Marcus V. Warwell, Paul J. Zambino and two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful reviews. NR 119 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1437-4781 J9 FOREST PATHOL JI Forest Pathol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 40 IS 3-4 BP 314 EP 331 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0329.2010.00660.x PG 18 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 639SV UT WOS:000280995700008 ER PT J AU Ostry, ME Laflamme, G Katovich, SA AF Ostry, M. E. Laflamme, G. Katovich, S. A. TI Silvicultural approaches for management of eastern white pine to minimize impacts of damaging agents SO FOREST PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review ID BLISTER-RUST; UNDERSTORY COMPETITION; STROBUS L.; GROWTH; WEEVIL; OVERSTORY; RELEASE; ASPEN; RESISTANCE; LANDSCAPE AB P>Since the arrival to North America of Cronartium ribicola, management of eastern white pine has been driven by the need to avoid the actual or, in many areas, the perceived damage caused by white pine blister rust. Although white pine has lost much of its former dominance, it remains a valuable species for biotic diversity, aesthetics, wildlife habitat and forest products. Understanding its silvics and damaging agents provides a sound basis for the silvicultural activities of site selection, regeneration and stand tending. The species can be successfully grown in many locations despite herbivory, competition, white pine weevil and blister rust. Forest managers can minimize damage by applying knowledge of local conditions (climate, soils, physiography and vegetation) to hazard assessment, site selection and preparation, vegetation management, and pruning. With appropriate management and a long-term commitment, many eastern forests can be beneficially reforested to eastern white pine with little impact from blister rust and other damaging agents. C1 [Ostry, M. E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Laflamme, G.] Ressources Nat Canada, Ctr Foresterie Laurentides, Ste Foy, PQ G1V 4C7, Canada. [Katovich, S. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Area State & Private Forestry, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Ostry, ME (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM mostry@fs.fed.us NR 96 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1437-4781 J9 FOREST PATHOL JI Forest Pathol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 40 IS 3-4 BP 332 EP 346 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0329.2010.00661.x PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 639SV UT WOS:000280995700009 ER PT J AU Zeglen, S Pronos, J Merler, H AF Zeglen, S. Pronos, J. Merler, H. TI Silvicultural management of white pines in western North America SO FOREST PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review ID BLISTER RUST CANKERS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; CRONARTIUM-RIBICOLA; PINUS-MONTICOLA; TUBERCULINA-MAXIMA; FUSIFORM RUST; SUGAR PINE; RESISTANCE; TRIADIMEFON; DISPERSAL AB P>Since the introduction prior to 1915 of white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola) into the forests of western North America, many populations of native white pine species have seriously declined. Because western white pine (Pinus monticola) and sugar pine (P. lambertiana) are highly valued timber species, their silviculture under intensive management is well-documented. The silviculture of other white pine species has received less attention but is no less important. For all western species, silvicultural management is a key component for sustaining and restoring viable white pine populations. This review examines approaches for assessing and reducing blister rust hazard, regenerating white pine stands, and tending established stands to reduce damage and impact from blister rust. Hazard and risk ratings provide means for assessing the potential severity of blister rust infestation and its probable impacts on management. An epidemiological simulation model is available for describing complex pathosystem interactions, their consequences on white pine growth and survival, and likely outcomes of silvicultural activities. Until the 1960s, Ribes eradication was the principal method for blister rust control; it is now rarely used except for high-value trees. The choices of harvest and site preparation methods are critical for successful white pine regeneration. As host responses to blister rust infection are inherited, regeneration is an opportunity to increase seedling survival and disease resistance. For artificial regeneration, the western genetics programmes provide improved planting stock. For natural regeneration, the selection and retention of well-adapted white pines as seed sources can enhance stand genetics. Thinning and pruning are common silvicultural activities for tending stands and are readily modified for blister rust-infested stands. Although biological and chemical agents have been used, their performance has been less than satisfactory. Likewise, genetics and other silvicultural practices have also demonstrated limited success in blister rust control. An alternative, adaptive approach could use both silvicultural and genetic techniques to mitigate impacts and maintain white pines. C1 [Zeglen, S.] British Columbia Minist Forests & Range, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6E9, Canada. [Pronos, J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Sonora, CA 95370 USA. RP Zeglen, S (reprint author), British Columbia Minist Forests & Range, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6E9, Canada. EM Stefan.Zeglen@gov.bc.ca NR 138 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1437-4781 J9 FOREST PATHOL JI Forest Pathol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 40 IS 3-4 BP 347 EP 368 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0329.2010.00662.x PG 22 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 639SV UT WOS:000280995700010 ER PT J AU Zhang, XY Lu, Q Sniezko, RA Song, RQ Man, G AF Zhang, X. Y. Lu, Q. Sniezko, R. A. Song, R. Q. Man, G. TI Blister rusts in China: hosts, pathogens, and management SO FOREST PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review ID PINUS; STROBUS AB China has 12 taxa of white pines (subgenus Strobus), including species of wide distribution valuable to plantation forestry and species of rare endemics only distantly related to other white pines. The most important forest diseases of these white pines are caused by the blister rust fungi of the genus Cronartium that alternate to telial host species of Ribes and Pedicularis. The most serious infestations have occurred in southwestern China on Pinus armandii and in northeastern China on P. koraiensis. The blister rust pathogen on P. armandii has usually been identified as Cronartium ribicola. Several lines of evidence, however, imply this pathogen on P. armandii is different from a pathogen on P. koraiensis that appears more closely related to C. ribicola in North America, Europe, and other Asian countries. In China, C. ribicola is designated as a quarantine pest. Silvicultural control of blister rust relies on pruning and thinning infected trees, herbicide removal of telial hosts, and chemical treatment of blister rust cankers. Although plantation forestry is important in China, little information is available on the genetics of resistance in Chinese white pines to native blister rust fungi. Challenges and opportunities are identified in forest management and research for disease assessment and control, rust systematics and biology, and genetic interactions in the white pine blister rust pathosystem. C1 [Zhang, X. Y.; Lu, Q.] Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forest Ecol Environm & Protect, Beijing 10091, Peoples R China. [Sniezko, R. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Dorena Genet Resource Ctr, Cottage Grove, OR 97424 USA. [Song, R. Q.] NE Forestry Univ, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, Peoples R China. [Man, G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Lu, Q (reprint author), Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forest Ecol Environm & Protect, Beijing 10091, Peoples R China. EM luquan@caf.ac.cn FU Chinese fundamental scientific research fund special for state commonweal institutes [CAFRIF200705]; state science and technology [2006BAD08A19] FX We thank Brian Geils, Terry Shaw, and Angelia Kegley for suggestions and edits to earlier versions of this article, thank Feng Yiming for preparing the white pine distribution map. The first and second authors acknowledge the financial support from the Chinese fundamental scientific research fund special for state commonweal institutes (CAFRIF200705) and the state science and technology support plan program (2006BAD08A19). NR 82 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1437-4781 J9 FOREST PATHOL JI Forest Pathol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 40 IS 3-4 BP 369 EP 381 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0329.2010.00663.x PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 639SV UT WOS:000280995700011 ER PT J AU Kim, MS Klopfenstein, NB Ota, Y Lee, SK Woo, KS Kaneko, S AF Kim, M. -S. Klopfenstein, N. B. Ota, Y. Lee, S. K. Woo, K. -S. Kaneko, S. TI White pine blister rust in Korea, Japan and other Asian regions: comparisons and implications for North America SO FOREST PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CRONARTIUM-RIBICOLA; DISEASE RESISTANCE; FOREST TREES; STEM RUST; CASTILLEJA; HOST; CLASSIFICATION; PEDICULARIS; STROBUS; EASTERN AB P>This article briefly reviews the history of white pine blister rust, attributed to Cronartium ribicola, and addresses current research and management issues in South Korea, Japan and other regions of eastern Asia (China, Russia and Himalaya). For each region, the distribution, damage, aecial hosts, telial hosts and management of C. ribicola and other blister rust fungi on native and introduced white pines are summarized. In addition, blister rust behaviours in eastern Asia and North America are compared; and the potential evolutionary and management implications are discussed. C1 [Kim, M. -S.] Kookmin Univ, Dept Forest Resources, Seoul 136702, South Korea. [Klopfenstein, N. B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Ota, Y.; Kaneko, S.] Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058687, Japan. [Lee, S. K.; Woo, K. -S.] Korea Forest Res Inst, Seoul 130712, South Korea. RP Kim, MS (reprint author), Kookmin Univ, Dept Forest Resources, Seoul 136702, South Korea. EM mkim@kookmin.ac.kr FU USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station; Forest and Woodland Ecosystems Program and Research Joint Venture [07-JV-11221662-078]; Kookmin University, Korea FX We thank Dr. Bryce A. Richardson, Tsutomu Hattori, and Jonalea R. Tonn for their comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. This article was supported by the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forest and Woodland Ecosystems Program and Research Joint Venture Agreement 07-JV-11221662-078 and the New Faculty Research Program 2009 of Kookmin University, Korea. Use of trade names does not constitute endorsement by the USDA Forest Service. NR 110 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1437-4781 J9 FOREST PATHOL JI Forest Pathol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 40 IS 3-4 BP 382 EP 401 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0329.2010.00664.x PG 20 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 639SV UT WOS:000280995700012 ER PT J AU Hunt, RS Geils, BW Hummer, KE AF Hunt, R. S. Geils, B. W. Hummer, K. E. TI White pines, Ribes, and blister rust: integration and action SO FOREST PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; MANAGEMENT; INSIGHTS AB P>The preceding articles in this series review the history, biology and management of white pine blister rust in North America, Europe and eastern Asia. In this integration, we connect and discuss seven recurring themes important for understanding and managing epidemics of Cronartium ribicola in the white pines (five-needle pines in subgenus Strobus). Information and action priorities for research and management of the pathogen, telial and aecial hosts, and their interactions are listed in a detailed Appendix. Syntheses focused on genetics, plant disease, invasive species or forest management have provided alternative but knowledgeable lessons on the white pine blister rust pathosystem. Two critical issues for the conservation of white pines are to sustain ecosystems affected by blister rust and to maintain genetic diversity for adaptive traits such as disease resistance. Forest genetics includes tree improvement and molecular techniques for research; their application can increase rust resistance by artificial and natural selection. Silviculture augments genetics with methods to deploy and enhance resistance as well as to regenerate and tend white pine stands. Although cultivated or wild Ribes might serve as inoculum sources, silviculture and horticulture can reduce the risk of serious impacts from blister rust using genetics for breeding and epidemiology for hazard assessment and disease control. Climate change threatens to cause major alterations in temperature and precipitation regimes, resulting in maladapted conifers succumbing to various diseases and insect outbreaks. In contrast, many white pine species have broad ecological ranges and are tolerant of harsh environments-traits that permit successful establishment and growth over wide geographic and altitudinal zones. Given appropriate management, white pines could thrive as valuable commercial and ecologically important keystone species. In an uncertain environment, adaptive management provides a learning and participatory approach for sustaining resilient ecosystems. C1 [Geils, B. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Hunt, R. S.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Victoria, BC V9L 5W1, Canada. [Hummer, K. E.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Geils, BW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM bgeils@fs.fed.us NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1437-4781 J9 FOREST PATHOL JI Forest Pathol. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 40 IS 3-4 BP 402 EP 417 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0329.2010.00665.x PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 639SV UT WOS:000280995700013 ER PT J AU Buck, RA Buehlmann, U Thomas, RE AF Buck, Rebecca A. Buehlmann, Urs Thomas, R. Edward TI ROMI-3.1 Least-Cost Lumber Grade Mix Solver Using Open Source Statistical Software SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ROUGH MILL AB The least-cost lumber grade mix solution has been a topic of interest to both industry and academia for many years due to its potential to help wood processing operations reduce costs. A least-cost lumber grade mix solver is a rough mill decision support system that describes the lumber grade or grade mix needed to minimize raw material or total production cost (raw materials plus processing cost). Because raw material costs in typical rough mills comprise 40 to 70 percent of total rough mill manufacturing expenses, the least-cost lumber grade mix problem, as it is referred to, is important. An existing second-order polynomial least-cost lumber grade mix model integrated into the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service's rough mill simulator, ROMI-3.0, which uses SAS 8.2 for statistical calculations, was used for the research described in this article. For this existing model, the USDA Forest Service purchased a SAS server license to allow free use of the software to least-cost lumber grade mix users via the Internet. Several issues around this rather involved setup necessitated the search for an alternative, local solution for the statistical computations. The open source statistical package R 2.7.2 was tested to see if it is an equivalent replacement for SAS 8.2. Comparisons of the SAS-based and a newly developed R-based least-cost lumber grade mix solver indicate no statistically significant difference between the two decision support systems. Therefore, the new R-based least-cost lumber grade mix solver was incorporated into ROMI-3.0. Thus, rough mill operators now have a new version of ROMI-3.0 with the integrated least-cost lumber grade mix solver at their disposal that does not require their computers to communicate with an outside server. C1 [Buck, Rebecca A.; Buehlmann, Urs] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Forest Prod, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Thomas, R. Edward] USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Sci Lab, Princeton, WV USA. RP Buck, RA (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Forest Prod, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM rsnider3@vt.edu; buehlmann@gmail.com; ethomas@fs.fed.us FU Wood Education and Resource Center, Northeastern Area State; Private Forestry, US Forest Service FX The work upon which this publication is based was funded in part through a grant awarded by the Wood Education and Resource Center, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, US Forest Service. Technical support for coding R was provided by Dipayan Maiti and Nels Johnson with the Laboratory for Interdisciplinary Statistical Analysis (LISA) at the Department of Statistics at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. The authors are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their comments. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD AUG PY 2010 VL 60 IS 5 BP 432 EP 439 PG 8 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 704UK UT WOS:000286080900004 ER EF