FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Barrack, MT Van Loan, MD AF Barrack, Michelle T. Van Loan, Marta D. TI Proper nutrition can prevent negative health outcomes in young female athletes SO CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE LA English DT Review ID LOW-ENERGY AVAILABILITY; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE PULSATILITY; MENSTRUAL DYSFUNCTION; DIETARY RESTRAINT; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; GYNECOLOGICAL AGE; EXERCISING WOMEN; SPORTS; TRIAD AB Since the onset of Title IX, opportunities have dramatically increased for female athletes, largely to their benefit. However, some negative health outcomes such as disordered eating, chronic menstrual disturbances and low bone mass have been associated with high-level competition among some female athletes, particularly in sports such as gymnastics and cross-country running, where a slender physique or lean body build is important. Adolescent female athletes, in a rapid growth and development phase, may be at greatest risk. We sought to identify athletes at risk, understand the origin of possible negative outcomes and recommend behavioral modifications that promote participation in competitive sports while supporting lifetime health. This review discusses the development and impact of disordered eating and menstrual dysfunction on bone mass in young, competitive, female athletes and provides nutrition recommendations for their energy, carbohydrate, protein, vitamin and mineral intake. C1 [Van Loan, Marta D.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. RP Barrack, MT (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. FU State of California Vitamin Price Fixing Consumer Settlement Fund FX This work was supported in part by the UC Davis Center for Health and Nutrition Research, established with funding from the State of California Vitamin Price Fixing Consumer Settlement Fund. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 25 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA, OAKLAND, DIVISION AGRICULTURE & NATURAL RESOURCES PI RICHMOND PA 1301 S 46 ST, RICHMOND, CA 94804 USA SN 0008-0845 J9 CALIF AGR JI Calif. Agric. PD JUL-SEP PY 2011 VL 65 IS 3 BP 124 EP 129 DI 10.3733/ca.v065n03p124 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 794EB UT WOS:000292877200014 ER PT J AU Burri, BJ Chang, JST Turner, T AF Burri, Betty J. Chang, Jasmine S. T. Turner, Tami TI Citrus can help prevent vitamin A deficiency in developing countries SO CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article ID BETA-CAROTENE; CRYPTOXANTHIN; VEGETABLES; FRUITS; LIVER; RICE AB California is a major producer of tangerines and oranges, which contain carotenoids that form vitamin A. Deficiencies of this vitamin are common in southern Asia and Africa, causing blindness and more than one-half million deaths each year. We evaluated the potential of tangerines and oranges to prevent vitamin A deficiency worldwide by measuring their carotenoid concentrations, estimating the amounts needed to meet the recommended safe nutrient intake for vitamin A and determining their availability in countries with vitamin A deficiency. We conclude that tangerines - particularly Satsuma mandarins, which have high concentrations of the carotenoid beta-cryptoxanthin - but not oranges, could be useful in preventing vitamin A deficiency, though not as the sole source. C1 [Burri, Betty J.; Chang, Jasmine S. T.; Turner, Tami] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Burri, BJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. FU U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service FX Barbara Sutherland, Associate Staff Scientist, Children's Hospital Oakland Research Center (CHORI) (former Director, Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program, UC Davis Department of Nutrition), served as Guest Associate Editor for this article. This work was supported in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA, OAKLAND, DIVISION AGRICULTURE & NATURAL RESOURCES PI RICHMOND PA 1301 S 46 ST, RICHMOND, CA 94804 USA SN 0008-0845 J9 CALIF AGR JI Calif. Agric. PD JUL-SEP PY 2011 VL 65 IS 3 BP 130 EP 135 DI 10.3733/ca.v065n03p130 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 794EB UT WOS:000292877200015 ER PT J AU Kahlon, TS AF Kahlon, T. S. TI Health-promoting Potential of Cereals, Grain Fractions, and Beans as Determined by Their in Vitro Bile Acid Binding SO CEREAL FOODS WORLD LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL ENERGY-LEVELS; WHEAT BRAN; RICE BRAN; OAT BRAN; CICER-ARIETINUM; DIETARY FIBER; SOY PROTEIN; CHOLESTEROL; EXCRETION; HAMSTERS C1 USDA ARS, Foods Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA USA. RP Kahlon, TS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Foods Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA USA. EM Talwinder.Kahlon@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0146-6283 J9 CEREAL FOOD WORLD JI Cereal Foods World PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 56 IS 4 BP 151 EP 155 DI 10.1094/CFW-56-4-0151 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 795CX UT WOS:000292950200004 ER PT J AU Liu, WX Rouse, M Friebe, B Jin, Y Gill, B Pumphrey, MO AF Liu, Wenxuan Rouse, Matthew Friebe, Bernd Jin, Yue Gill, Bikram Pumphrey, Michael O. TI Discovery and molecular mapping of a new gene conferring resistance to stem rust, Sr53, derived from Aegilops geniculata and characterization of spontaneous translocation stocks with reduced alien chromatin SO CHROMOSOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE wheat; Aegilops geniculata; stem rust; Ug99; recombinants ID F-SP TRITICI; BREAD WHEAT; COMMON WHEAT; AESTIVUM L.; STRIPE RUST; LEAF RUST; CYTOGENETIC CHARACTERIZATION; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; SEEDLING RESISTANCES; POWDERY MILDEW AB This study reports the discovery and molecular mapping of a resistance gene effective against stem rust races RKQQC and TTKSK (Ug99) derived from Aegilops geniculata (2n = 4x = 28, U(g)U(g)M(g)M(g)). Two populations from the crosses TA5599 (T5DL-5M(g)L center dot 5M(g)S)/TA3809 (ph1b mutant in Chinese Spring background) and TA5599/Lakin were developed and used for genetic mapping to identify markers linked to the resistance gene. Further molecular and cytogenetic characterization resulted in the identification of nine spontaneous recombinants with shortened Ae. geniculata segments. Three of the wheat-Ae. geniculata recombinants (U6154-124, U6154-128, and U6200-113) are interstitial translocations (T5DS center dot 5DL-5M(g)L-5DL), with 20-30% proximal segments of 5M(g)L translocated to 5DL; the other six are recombinants (T5DL-5M(g)L center dot 5M(g)S) have shortened segments of 5M(g)L with fraction lengths (FL) of 0.32-0.45 compared with FL 0.55 for the 5M(g)L segment in the original translocation donor, TA5599. Recombinants U6200-64, U6200-117, and U6154-124 carry the stem rust resistance gene Sr53 with the same infection type as TA5599, the resistance gene donor. All recombinants were confirmed to be genetically compensating on the basis of genomic in situ hybridization and molecular marker analysis with chromosome 5D- and 5M(g)-specific SSR/STS-PCR markers. These recombinants between wheat and Ae. geniculata will provide another source for wheat stem rust resistance breeding and for physical mapping of the resistance locus and crossover hot spots between wheat chromosome 5D and chromosome 5M(g)L of Ae. geniculata. C1 [Liu, Wenxuan; Friebe, Bernd; Gill, Bikram] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wheat Genet & Genom Resources Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Pumphrey, Michael O.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Rouse, Matthew; Jin, Yue] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Friebe, B (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wheat Genet & Genom Resources Ctr, Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM friebe@ksu.edu RI Rouse, Matthew/G-5474-2011 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; USDA-CSREES FX This research was part of the project "Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat" supported by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through a contract to Cornell University and a special USDA-CSREES grant to the Wheat Genetic and Genomic Resources Center at Kansas State University. We thank W. John Raupp for a critical editorial review of the manuscript and Shuangye Wu for her technical assistance. This is contribution number 11-285-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506-5502, USA. NR 70 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0967-3849 J9 CHROMOSOME RES JI Chromosome Res. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 19 IS 5 BP 669 EP 682 DI 10.1007/s10577-011-9226-3 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 794VL UT WOS:000292929300009 PM 21728140 ER PT J AU Apotsos, A Gelfenbaum, G Jaffe, B Watt, S Peck, B Buckley, M Stevens, A AF Apotsos, Alex Gelfenbaum, Guy Jaffe, Bruce Watt, Steve Peck, Brian Buckley, Mark Stevens, Andrew TI Tsunami inundation and sediment transport in a sediment-limited embayment on American Samoa SO EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE tsunami inundation; sediment transport; South Pacific tsunami; numerical modeling; American Samoa ID RUN-UP; UNIFIED VIEW; WAVES; DEPOSITS; MODEL; CURRENTS; BATHYMETRY; INDONESIA; COAST; ACEH AB Field observations and numerical simulations are used to explore tsunami inundation and sediment transport in an embayment (Fagafue Bay) on the north side of Tutuila, American Samoa during the 29 September 2009 South Pacific tsunami. Field observations of the nearshore bathymetry and topography, tsunami flow depth and sediment deposition, and extent of movable sandy sediment remaining on the beach were collected during two field surveys approximately two and five weeks after the tsunami. Onshore measurements of flow depth at forty-eight locations indicate the wave inundated almost 250 m onshore with a depth exceeding 7 m locally. The tsunami deposited patchy areas of sediment up to 0.2 m thick interspersed with a thin dusting (<0.01 m) of sandy sediment throughout most of the inundated area. A numerical simulation based on the best available topography and bathymetry and a simplified offshore wave forcing is calibrated with the onshore flow observations. The calibrated model is used to simulate tsunami-induced sediment transport within and onshore of both the actual embayment and several idealized embayments. The simulations show that the onshore deposition of sediment can be affected by more than 50% by both the amount of sediment available for transport and the steepness of the onshore topography, suggesting these effects may need to be considered when interpreting tsunami deposits. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Apotsos, Alex; Gelfenbaum, Guy; Stevens, Andrew] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Jaffe, Bruce; Watt, Steve; Buckley, Mark] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA USA. [Peck, Brian] NRCS, USDA, Pago Pago, AS USA. RP Apotsos, A (reprint author), 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 999, Menlo Pk, CA 94305 USA. EM aapotsos@usgs.gov RI Jaffe, Bruce/A-9979-2012 OI Jaffe, Bruce/0000-0002-8816-5920 FU USGS Mendenhall Postdoctoral Fellowship; USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program FX This research was funded by a USGS Mendenhall Postdoctoral Fellowship and the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program. Critical reviews from Brian Atwater, Jessica Lacy, and two anonymous reviewers significantly improved this manuscript. NR 41 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-8252 J9 EARTH-SCI REV JI Earth-Sci. Rev. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 107 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.earscirev.2010.11.001 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 796HD UT WOS:000293041500002 ER PT J AU Maron, JL Pearson, DE AF Maron, John L. Pearson, Dean E. TI Vertebrate predators have minimal cascading effects on plant production or seed predation in an intact grassland ecosystem SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Giving up density; herbivory; indirect effects; predators; seed predation; small mammals; trait-mediated indirect effects; trophic cascade ID MEDIATED INDIRECT INTERACTIONS; TROPHIC CASCADES; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; YELLOWSTONE ASPEN; PREY INTERACTIONS; OWL PREDATION; SMALL MAMMALS; PATCH USE; TOP-DOWN; FOOD-WEB AB The strength of trophic cascades in terrestrial habitats has been the subject of considerable interest and debate. We conducted an 8-year experiment to determine how exclusion of vertebrate predators, ungulates alone (to control for ungulate exclusion from predator exclusion plots) or none of these animals influenced how strongly a three-species assemblage of rodent consumers affected plant productivity. We also examined whether predator exclusion influenced the magnitude of post-dispersal seed predation by mice. Both ungulates and rodents had strong direct effects on graminoid biomass. However, rodent impacts on plant biomass did not differ across plots with or without predators and/or ungulates. Deer mice removed more seeds from seed depots on predator exclusion plots, suggesting trait-mediated indirect effects of predators, but this short-term behavioural response did not translate into longer-term impacts on seed survival. These results suggest that vertebrate predators do not fundamentally influence primary production or seed survival in our system. C1 [Maron, John L.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Pearson, Dean E.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Maron, JL (reprint author), Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM john.maron@mso.umt.edu FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2005-35101-16040]; National Science Foundation [DEB-0915409]; McIntire-Stennis; U.S. Bureau of Land Management FX We thank the Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks and the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service for allowing us to conduct experiments on their protected sites. We greatly acknowledge field help from Cedar Brant, Billy Braun, Jessica Brewer, Mary Bricker, Carl Brown, Brady Cannon, Jessica Clark, Mary Goldman, Allison Greene, Warren Hansen, Winslow Hansen, Chris Henderson, Lindsey Holm, Christen Kiser, Adam Leiberg, David Lowry, Lorna McIntyre, Leslie Parker, Elliott Parsons, Teal Potter, Anna Semple and Matt Wegner. Yvette Ortega and L. Scott Baggett kindly helped with data analysis. We thank Os Schmitz, Johannes Knops and two anonymous referees for their help in improving the paper. This project was partially supported by grants to JLM and DEP from the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service (grant number 2005-35101-16040) and the National Science Foundation (DEB-0915409), and grants to JLM from McIntire-Stennis and the U.S. Bureau of Land Management. NR 45 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 9 U2 70 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1461-023X J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 14 IS 7 BP 661 EP 669 DI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01633.x PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 794AF UT WOS:000292865200005 PM 21651682 ER PT J AU Eldridge, DJ Bowker, MA Maestre, FT Roger, E Reynolds, JF Whitford, WG AF Eldridge, David J. Bowker, Matthew A. Maestre, Fernando T. Roger, Erin Reynolds, James F. Whitford, Walter G. TI Impacts of shrub encroachment on ecosystem structure and functioning: towards a global synthesis SO ECOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Review DE Encroachment; shrubland; ecosystem processes; thickening; shrub; woody; degradation; desertification; invasion ID WOODY PLANT ENCROACHMENT; SEMIARID MEDITERRANEAN GRASSLANDS; NORTH-AMERICAN GRASSLANDS; SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY; SEMIDESERT GRASSLAND; SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA; BUSH ENCROACHMENT; CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; SPECIES RICHNESS; AFRICAN SAVANNA AB Encroachment of woody plants into grasslands has generated considerable interest among ecologists. Syntheses of encroachment effects on ecosystem processes have been limited in extent and confined largely to pastoral land uses or particular geographical regions. We used univariate analyses, meta-analysis and structural equation modelling to test the propositions that (1) shrub encroachment does not necessarily lead to declines in ecosystem functions and (2) shrub traits influence the functional outcome of encroachment. Analyses of 43 ecosystem attributes from 244 case studies worldwide showed that some attributes consistently increased with encroachment (e. g. soil C, N), and others declined (e. g. grass cover, pH), but most exhibited variable responses. Traits of shrubs were associated with significant, though weak, structural and functional outcomes of encroachment. Our review revealed that encroachment had mixed effects on ecosystem structure and functioning at global scales, and that shrub traits influence the functional outcome of encroachment. Thus, a simple designation of encroachment as a process leading to functionally, structurally or contextually degraded ecosystems is not supported by a critical analysis of existing literature. Our results highlight that the commonly established link between shrub encroachment and degradation is not universal. C1 [Eldridge, David J.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Dept Environm Climate Change & Water Evolut C, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Eldridge, David J.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Ecol Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Bowker, Matthew A.; Maestre, Fernando T.] Univ Rey Juan Carlos, ESCET, Area Biodiversidad & Conservac, Dept Biol & Geol, Mostoles 28933, Spain. [Roger, Erin] Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Australian Wetlands & Rivers Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Reynolds, James F.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Reynolds, James F.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Whitford, Walter G.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Eldridge, DJ (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Dept Environm Climate Change & Water Evolut C, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM d.eldridge@unsw.edu.au RI Reynolds, James/G-6364-2010; Maestre, Fernando/A-6825-2008 OI Maestre, Fernando/0000-0002-7434-4856 FU European Research Council under the European Community [242658 (BIOCOM)] FX We thank the many colleagues who shared their data with us or drew our attention to unpublished and published sources. Terry Koen and David Wharton advised on statistical techniques, and Sara Mouro helped us to build the databases. We appreciate the constructive comments on the manuscript from Dr John Arnone and three referees. This review was made possible thanks to the support of the European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC Grant Agreement No. 242658 (BIOCOM) awarded to FTM. NR 95 TC 243 Z9 258 U1 40 U2 308 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1461-023X J9 ECOL LETT JI Ecol. Lett. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 14 IS 7 BP 709 EP 722 DI 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01630.x PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 794AF UT WOS:000292865200010 PM 21592276 ER PT J AU Ember, I Acs, Z Munyaneza, JE Crosslin, JM Kolber, M AF Ember, Ibolya Acs, Zoltan Munyaneza, Joseph E. Crosslin, James M. Kolber, Maria TI Survey and molecular detection of phytoplasmas associated with potato in Romania and southern Russia SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Genotyping; PCR; Potato; RFLP; Stolbur phytoplasma; Tuf gene ID PURPLE TOP DISEASE; MYCOPLASMA-LIKE BODIES; WITCHES BROOM DISEASE; ZEBRA CHIP DISEASE; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; STOLBUR PHYTOPLASMA; MULTIPLE PHYTOPLASMAS; BEET LEAFHOPPER; COLUMBIA BASIN; UNITED-STATES AB In recent years, emerging phytoplasma diseases of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) have increasingly become important in central and eastern Europe. Accurate identification of phytoplasmas and their insect vectors is essential to developing effective management strategies for diseases caused by these plant pathogens. Potato phytoplasma diseases in Europe were for a long time diagnosed only on the basis of visual symptoms. However, this approach is not very reliable and the use of modern molecular techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is required in order to accurately determine the etiology of these phytoplasma diseases. A survey and identification of phytoplasmas associated with potato crops in Romania and southern Russia were conducted based on modern molecular techniques. Symptomatic potato plants were collected from several fields and tested for phytoplasmas by PCR. Also, selected crops and weeds in the vicinity of these potato fields were sampled and tested for phytoplasmas. Stolbur ("Candidatus Phytoplasma solani"; 16SrXII-A) was the only phytoplasma detected in potato and adjacent crops, including tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), pepper (Capsicum annuum), eggplant (Solanum melongena), and beet (Beta vulgaris). This phytoplasma was also detected in weeds, particularly Convolvulus arvensis, Cuscuta sp., and Euphorbia falcata. Genotyping of obtained stolbur isolates on tuf genes revealed that they all had the same RFLP profile corresponding to the tuf-type 'b' (VK Type II). Stolbur-affected potato plants produced a large number of spongy tubers that resulted in commercially unacceptable potato chips upon processing. C1 [Munyaneza, Joseph E.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Ember, Ibolya; Acs, Zoltan; Kolber, Maria] FITOLAB Plant Pest Diagnost & Advisory Ltd, H-1125 Budapest, Hungary. [Crosslin, James M.] USDA ARS, Forage & Vegetable Crop Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Munyaneza, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM Joseph.Munyaneza@ars.usda.gov OI Ember, Ibolya/0000-0002-2479-2968 FU Pepsico International, Inc. FX We thank Zita Nagy and Agnes Mike (FITOLAB, Budapest, Hungary), Sergey Marchenko, Valery Gonchar and Igor Kiselev (Pepsico International Frito Lay Manufacturing, Rostov, Russia), as well as Alexandra Lupascu, Marius Munteanu and Neli Filip (Star Foods E. M. Ltd/Frito-Lay, Ilfov, Romania) for their invaluable technical assistance. We are also grateful to A. Bertaccini, I.-M. Lee, and M. Maixner for providing reference controls used in the study. Funding for this research was provided by Pepsico International, Inc. NR 71 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 130 IS 3 BP 367 EP 377 DI 10.1007/s10658-011-9759-5 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 794WI UT WOS:000292931600008 ER PT J AU Lamprecht, SC Tewoldemedhin, YT Calitz, FJ Mazzola, M AF Lamprecht, Sandra C. Tewoldemedhin, Yared T. Calitz, Frikkie J. Mazzola, Mark TI Evaluation of strategies for the control of canola and lupin seedling diseases caused by Rhizoctonia anastomosis groups SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Binucleate; Multinucleate; Protective effect; Resistance; Seed treatment ID PREEMERGENCE DAMPING-OFF; ROOT-ROT; BINUCLEATE RHIZOCTONIA; SOLANI AG-4; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; 1ST REPORT; PATHOGENICITY; RAPESEED; GROWTH; VARIANCE AB Several methods with potential for the management of Rhizoctonia diseases of canola and lupin including plant resistance, fungicide seed treatment and biological control using binucleate Rhizoctonia anastomosis groups (AGs) were evaluated under glasshouse conditions. Screening included the examination of resistance of eight canola and eight lupin cultivars/selections to damping-off and hypocotyl/root rot caused by the multinucleate Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-1, 2-2, 4 and 11. All canola cultivars were highly susceptible to AG-2-1, but Rocket, Spectrum and 44C11 were more resistant than the other cultivars. Spectrum and 44C73 were also more resistant to AG-4 than the other canola cultivars. On lupin, R. solani AG-2-2 and 4 were most virulent, and the cultivar Cedara 6150 and selection E16 were most resistant to AG-2-2; Cedara 6150, E16, Mandelup and Quilinock were more resistant to AG-4 than the other cultivars/selections. The Lupinus luteus selections, E80.1.1.2 and E82.1.1 were most susceptible to AG-2-2, 4 and 11. Seed treatment with the fungicides Cruiser OSR (a.i. difenconazole, fludioxonil, metalaxyl-M, thiamethoxam) and SA-combination (a. i. iprodione, metalaxyl, thiram) significantly increased survival of canola and lupin seedlings, decreased hypocotyl/root rot and improved the percentage of healthy seedlings, with the SA-combination being significantly more effective than Cruiser OSR. Application of the binucleate Rhizoctonia AGs (A, Bo, K and I) significantly increased the survival of lupin seedlings inoculated with R. solani AG-2-2 and 4, and AG-I and K significantly improved survival of canola in the presence of AG-4. This is the first report of the potential of binucleate AGs to protect canola and lupin seedlings against infection by multinucleate AGs. C1 [Lamprecht, Sandra C.; Tewoldemedhin, Yared T.] Agr Res Council, Plant Protect Res Inst, ZA-7599 Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Calitz, Frikkie J.] Agr Res Council, Biometry Unit, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. [Mazzola, Mark] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Lamprecht, SC (reprint author), Agr Res Council, Plant Protect Res Inst, Private Bag X5017, ZA-7599 Stellenbosch, South Africa. EM lamprechts@arc.agric.za FU Protein Research Trust (PRT); Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute (ARC-PPRI); Agricultural Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA-ARS) FX This research was financially supported by the Protein Research Trust (PRT), the Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute (ARC-PPRI) and the Agricultural Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA-ARS). Seeds were supplied by Piet Lombaard of the Western Cape Department of Agriculture, Elsenburg, Stellenbosch. We also thank Alta Schoeman, Almarie Van den Heever, Sheryldene Williams, Gregory Anthony, John Deysel and Lizzie Hugo for technical assistance. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 130 IS 3 BP 427 EP 439 DI 10.1007/s10658-011-9764-8 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 794WI UT WOS:000292931600013 ER PT J AU Cheng, NH Zhang, W Chen, WQ Jin, JP Cui, XJ Butte, NF Chan, L Hirschi, KD AF Cheng, Ning-Hui Zhang, Wei Chen, Wei-Qin Jin, Jianping Cui, Xiaojiang Butte, Nancy F. Chan, Lawrence Hirschi, Kendal D. TI A mammalian monothiol glutaredoxin, Grx3, is critical for cell cycle progression during embryogenesis SO FEBS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cell cycle; embryogenesis; glutaredoxin; mouse; oxidative stress ID IRON-SULFUR CLUSTER; PROTEIN OXIDATIVE DAMAGE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; CARDIAC-HYPERTROPHY; GENE-EXPRESSION; CARDIOMYOCYTE CONTRACTILITY; ARABIDOPSIS PROTEIN; INTERACTING PROTEIN; REDOX REGULATION; STRESS AB Glutaredoxins (Grxs) have been shown to be critical in maintaining redox homeostasis in living cells. Recently, an emerging subgroup of Grxs with one cysteine residue in the putative active motif (monothiol Grxs) has been identified. However, the biological and physiological functions of this group of proteins have not been well characterized. Here, we characterize a mammalian monothiol Grx (Grx3, also termed TXNL2/PICOT) with high similarity to yeast ScGrx3/ScGrx4. In yeast expression assays, mammalian Grx3s were localized to the nuclei and able to rescue growth defects of grx3grx4 cells. Furthermore, Grx3 inhibited iron accumulation in yeast grx3gxr4 cells and suppressed the sensitivity of mutant cells to exogenous oxidants. In mice, Grx3 mRNA was ubiquitously expressed in developing embryos, adult tissues and organs, and was induced during oxidative stress. Mouse embryos absent of Grx3 grew smaller with morphological defects and eventually died at 12.5 days of gestation. Analysis in mouse embryonic fibroblasts revealed that Grx3(-/-) cells had impaired growth and cell cycle progression at the G(2)/M phase, whereas the DNA replication during the S phase was not affected by Grx3 deletion. Furthermore, Grx3-knockdown HeLa cells displayed a significant delay in mitotic exit and had a higher percentage of binucleated cells. Therefore, our findings suggest that the mammalian Grx3 has conserved functions in protecting cells against oxidative stress and deletion of Grx3 in mice causes early embryonic lethality which could be due to defective cell cycle progression during late mitosis. C1 [Cheng, Ning-Hui] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Cheng, Ning-Hui; Butte, Nancy F.; Hirschi, Kendal D.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Jin, Jianping] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Houston, TX USA. [Cui, Xiaojiang] John Wayne Canc Inst, Dept Mol Oncol, Santa Monica, CA USA. RP Cheng, NH (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM ncheng@bcm.tmc.edu OI Chen, Weiqin/0000-0002-3894-5953 FU Welch Foundation [AU-1711]; United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service [6250-51000-055] FX We thank Dr Enrique Herrero for wild-type and yeast grx strains. Bolanle A. Bukoye and Annette Frank, participants in the Baylor SMART program, were involved in the initial construction of Grx3 plasmids and the initial yeast assays. Jianping Jin is a Pew Scholar and supported by a grant (AU-1711) from the Welch Foundation. This work is supported by the United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service under Cooperation Agreement 6250-51000-055 (N.-H. Cheng). NR 64 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1742-464X J9 FEBS J JI FEBS J. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 278 IS 14 BP 2525 EP 2539 DI 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08178.x PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 794WT UT WOS:000292932700011 PM 21575136 ER PT J AU Pridgeon, JW Klesius, PH Mu, X Song, L AF Pridgeon, J. W. Klesius, P. H. Mu, X. Song, L. TI An in vitro screening method to evaluate chemicals as potential chemotherapeutants to control Aeromonas hydrophila infection in channel catfish SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aeromonas hydrophila; catfish; chemotherapeutant; gill cell; hydrogen peroxide; in vitro screening ID ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS RAFINESQUE; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES STRAINS; ULCERATIVE SYNDROME EUS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; FLAVOBACTERIUM-COLUMNARE; POTASSIUM-PERMANGANATE; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; AQUATIC BACTERIA; SODIUM-CHLORIDE AB Aims: To develop an in vitro screening method to be used for identifying potential effective chemotherapeutants to control Aeromonas hydrophila infections. Methods and Results: Using catfish gill cells G1B and four chemicals (hydrogen peroxide, sodium chloride, potassium permanganate and D-mannose), the feasibility of using an in vitro screening method to identify potential effective chemotherapeutants was evaluated in this study. In vitro screening results revealed that, at concentration of 100 mg l(-1), H(2)O(2) was the only chemical tested that was able to completely abolish the attachment and invasion of Aer. hydrophila to catfish gill cells. In vivo virulence studies using live channel catfish through bath immersion confirmed that H(2)O(2) was the only chemical tested that was able to significantly (P < 0 001) reduce the mortality (from 90 or 100% to 0 or 20%) caused by Aer. hydrophila infections. Conclusions: The in vitro screening method using catfish gill cells G1B could be used to initially identify potential effective chemotherapeutants to control Aer. hydrophila. Significance and Impact of the Study: An in vitro screening method using catfish gill cells to identify potential effective chemotherapeutants described here will cut cost in research compared with the method of using live fish to screen lead compounds for fish disease control. C1 [Pridgeon, J. W.; Klesius, P. H.; Mu, X.; Song, L.] ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, USDA, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Pridgeon, JW (reprint author), ARS, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, USDA, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM julia.pridgeon@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS [6420-32000-024-00D] FX We thank Drs Hung-Yueh Yeh (USDA-ARS) and Victor Panangala (USDA collaborator) for critical reviews of the manuscript. We thank Dr Brian Scheffler and Fanny Liu (USDA-ARS-Catfish Genetics Research Unit) for their excellent sequencing work. We thank Bill Hemstreet (Alabama Fish Farming Center), Jeff Terhune (Auburn University) and Julie Bebak (USDA-ARS) for obtaining the Aeromonas hydrophila isolate AL09-73. We thank Beth Peterman (USDA-ARS) for her excellent technical support. This study was supported by the USDA/ARS CRIS project #6420-32000-024-00D. The use of trade, firm or corporate names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 59 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1364-5072 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 111 IS 1 BP 114 EP 124 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.05030.x PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 794GR UT WOS:000292884000012 PM 21501349 ER PT J AU Frank, DL Zhang, AJ Leskey, TC Bergh, JC AF Frank, Daniel L. Zhang, Aijun Leskey, Tracy C. Bergh, J. Christopher TI Electrophysiological Response of Female Dogwood Borer (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae) to Volatile Compounds from Apple Trees SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Synanthedon scitula; Sesiidae; GC-EAD; host volatiles ID LESSER PEACHTREE BORER; PHEROMONE-BASED MANAGEMENT; CODLING MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; SYNANTHEDON-SCITULA; SEX-PHEROMONE; MATING DISRUPTION; BAITED TRAPS; NEW-YORK; ORCHARDS; TORTRICIDAE AB Coupled gas chromatography and electroantennogram detection (GC-EAD) analyses of headspace volatiles from apple host tissues revealed a total of 16 compounds to which female dogwood borer, Synanthedon scitula (Harris), antennae responded. There were no differences in the amplitude of the response of antennae from virgin and mated females, and no consistent responses to host odors were generated from male antennae. Four compounds, including octanal, nonanal, decanal, and methyl salicylate, were identified from all headspace collections taken from apple trees. Use of the solid-phase microextraction (SPME) technique revealed that a single volatile compound, a-bergamotene, emanating from larval dogwood borer frass elicited a strong female antennal response. This compound was also present in headspace collections from 'Red Chief Delicious' apple trees with burr knot tissue infested with dogwood borer larvae and from 1-d-old cut bark on 'Granny Smith' trees, suggesting that it is produced by apple trees in response to injury. An additional compound, methyl-2,4-decadienoate, present only in headspace collections from burr knots infested with dogwood borer larvae on 'Granny Smith' trees elicited a strong female antennal response. C1 [Frank, Daniel L.] Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Frank, Daniel L.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Alson H Smith Jr Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Winchester, VA 22602 USA. [Zhang, Aijun] ARS, USDA, Inst Plant Sci, Chem Affecting Insect Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Leskey, Tracy C.] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Frank, DL (reprint author), Univ Missouri, ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, 205 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Daniel.Frank@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 46 IS 3 BP 204 EP 215 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 795DF UT WOS:000292951000003 ER PT J AU Schat, M Sing, SE Peterson, RKD Menalled, FD Weaver, DK AF Schat, Marjolein Sing, Sharlene E. Peterson, Robert K. D. Menalled, Fabian D. Weaver, David K. TI Growth Inhibition of Dalmatian Toadflax, Linaria dalmatica (L.) Miller, in Response to Herbivory by the Biological Control Agent Mecinus janthinus Germar SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE herbivory; plant-insect interactions; biological control; weed; Curculionidae ID PURPLE LOOSESTRIFE; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; BIOMASS ALLOCATION; CURCULIONIDAE; COLEOPTERA; DAMAGE; WEED; SCROPHULARIACEAE; DIFFERENTIATION; ARCHITECTURE AB Our study reports the results of field and garden experiments designed to quantitatively evaluate the impact of herbivory by a weed biological control agent, the stem-mining weevil Mecinus janthinus Germar, on the growth of its exotic host Dalmatian toadflax, Linaria dalmatica (L.) Miller. Herbivory by M. janthinus under both natural and manipulated environmental conditions inhibited L. dalmatica growth. Reductions in stem length, biomass, and growth were more pronounced for plants subjected to both exophagous (adult) and endophagous (larval) feeding injury than for plants exposed only to adult folivory. Decreases we observed in root biomass could additionally inhibit shoot production from lateral roots. This provides a plausible mechanism explaining anecdotal reports correlating the reduced spread of L. dalmatica with attack by M. janthinus. Our results indicate that L. dalmatica growth is compromised once a threshold density equivalent to 5 M. janthinus larvae per stem is exceeded. The consistency of growth responses observed in this study suggests that a mechanistic/quantitative approach, such as measuring the impact of M. janthinus herbivory on L. dalmatica, is a robust and relevant method for postrelease evaluations of weed biocontrol efficacy. C1 [Schat, Marjolein; Peterson, Robert K. D.; Menalled, Fabian D.; Weaver, David K.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Sing, Sharlene E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Peterson, RKD (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM bpeterson@montana.edu FU Montana Department of Agriculture Noxious Weed Trust FX We acknowledge the technical support of R. Davis, N. Irish, T. Macedo, J. Schleier, L. Shama, and J. Wiese. This project was funded by the Montana Department of Agriculture Noxious Weed Trust Fund with additional support from the USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station, Montana State University, and the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 13 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 46 IS 3 BP 232 EP 246 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 795DF UT WOS:000292951000006 ER PT J AU Adams, JP Adeli, A Hsu, CY Harkess, RL Page, GP dePamphilis, CW Schultz, EB Yuceer, C AF Adams, Joshua P. Adeli, Ardeshir Hsu, Chuan-Yu Harkess, Richard L. Page, Grier P. dePamphilis, Claude W. Schultz, Emily B. Yuceer, Cetin TI Poplar maintains zinc homeostasis with heavy metal genes HMA4 and PCS1 SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Heavy metal; heavy metal transporter; phytochelatin synthase; poplar nutrition ID HYPERACCUMULATOR THLASPI-CAERULESCENS; PHYTOCHELATIN SYNTHASE; NICKEL TOLERANCE; HOLCUS-LANATUS; PLANTS; ARABIDOPSIS; GLUTATHIONE; EXPRESSION; CADMIUM; ATPASE AB Perennial woody species, such as poplar (Populus spp.) must acquire necessary heavy metals like zinc (Zn) while avoiding potential toxicity. Poplar contains genes with sequence homology to genes HMA4 and PCS1 from other species which are involved in heavy metal regulation. While basic genomic conservation exists, poplar does not have a hyperaccumulating phenotype. Poplar has a common indicator phenotype in which heavy metal accumulation is proportional to environmental concentrations but excesses are prevented. Phenotype is partly affected by regulation of HMA4 and PCS1 transcriptional abundance. Wild-type poplar down-regulates several transcripts in its Zn-interacting pathway at high Zn levels. Also, overexpressed PtHMA4 and PtPCS1 genes result in varying Zn phenotypes in poplar; specifically, there is a doubling of Zn accumulation in leaf tissues in an overexpressed PtPCS1 line. The genomic complement and regulation of poplar highlighted in this study supports a role of HMA4 and PCS1 in Zn regulation dictating its phenotype. These genes can be altered in poplar to change its interaction with Zn. However, other poplar genes in the surrounding pathway may maintain the phenotype by inhibiting drastic changes in heavy metal accumulation with a single gene transformation. C1 [Adams, Joshua P.; Hsu, Chuan-Yu; Schultz, Emily B.; Yuceer, Cetin] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forestry, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Adeli, Ardeshir] USDA ARS, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Harkess, Richard L.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Page, Grier P.] RTI Int, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [dePamphilis, Claude W.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Adams, JP (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forestry, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM jpa18@msstate.edu RI dePamphilis, Claude/P-6652-2016 FU Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [FP916894] FX The authors thank all the student workers who have assisted at various times through the course of this project, most notably L. Vandervelde, M. Monroe, and J. Ellis. They also thank S. Ebbs (Southern Illinois University) and L. Williams (University of Southampton) for providing an external review of this manuscript. This paper was developed under a STAR Research Assistance Agreement No. FP916894 awarded by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). It has not been formally reviewed by the EPA. The views expressed in this paper are solely the view of the authors and the EPA does not endorse any products or commercial services mentioned in this paper. This manuscript is number #FO-400 from the Forest and Wildlife Research Center, Mississippi State University. NR 78 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 16 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 62 IS 11 BP 3737 EP 3752 DI 10.1093/jxb/err025 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 793QR UT WOS:000292838700005 PM 21504875 ER PT J AU Fischer, AP AF Fischer, A. Paige TI Reducing Hazardous Fuels on Nonindustrial Private Forests: Factors Influencing Landowner Decisions SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE wildfire risk mitigation; nonindustrial private forest owners; risk perception; fire policy ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; DRY FORESTS; FIRE RISK; MANAGEMENT; WILDFIRE; POLICY; WASHINGTON; BEHAVIOR AB In mixed-ownership landscapes, fuels conditions on private lands have implications for fire risk on public lands and vice versa. The success of efforts to mitigate fire risk depends on the extent, efficacy, and coordination of treatments on nearby ownerships. Understanding factors in forest owners' decisions to address the risk of wildland fire is therefore important. This research uses logistic regression to analyze mail survey data and identify factors in forest owners' decisions to reduce hazardous fuels in the ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) ecosystem on the east side of Oregon. Results suggest that owners who live on or near their land and are aware of wider landscape conditions may be important partners in fire risk mitigation and forest restoration. Results also suggest that incentives, including markets for wood products (e.g., logs and biomass) that come from fuels reduction treatments, are important for harnessing owners' potential to mitigate fire risk. C1 US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Fischer, AP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM paigefischer@fs.fed.us FU Oregon State University; Oregon Department of Forestry; National Fire Plan FX A. Paige Fischer (paigefischer@fs.fed.us) is research social scientist, US Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 3200 Southwest Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331. The author sincerely thanks the respondents for taking time to fill out the survey. Project guidance and insightful review comments were provided by S. Charnley, J. Bliss, and G. Lettman. GIS and statistical assistance was provided by K. Olsen and C. Olsen, respectively. T. Gamache and others at the Oregon Department of Forestry greatly helped with survey administration and data management. Oregon State University and the Oregon Department of Forestry helped support and administer the research. Funding was provided in part by National Fire Plan. NR 44 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 8 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 109 IS 5 BP 260 EP 266 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 795DU UT WOS:000292952500002 ER PT J AU Hummel, S Hudak, AT Uebler, EH Falkowski, MJ Megown, KA AF Hummel, Susan Hudak, A. T. Uebler, E. H. Falkowski, M. J. Megown, K. A. TI A Comparison of Accuracy and Cost of LiDAR versus Stand Exam Data for Landscape Management on the Malheur National Forest SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE silviculture; forest management; LiDAR; inventory; stand exams ID NEAREST-NEIGHBOR IMPUTATION; INVENTORIES; IMAGERY; LEVEL AB Foresters are increasingly interested in remote sensing data because they provide an overview of landscape conditions, which is impractical with field sample data alone. Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) provides exceptional spatial detail of forest structure, but difficulties in processing LiDAR data have limited their application beyond the research community. Another obstacle to operational use of LiDAR data has been the high cost of data collection. Our objectives in this study were to summarize, at the stand level, both LiDAR- and Landsat (satellite)-based predictions of some common structural and volume attributes and to compare the cost of obtaining such summaries with those obtained through traditional stand exams. We found that the accuracy and cost of a LiDAR-based inventory summarized at the stand level was comparable to traditional stand exams for structural attributes. However, the LiDAR data were able to provide information across a much larger area than the stand exams alone. C1 [Hummel, Susan] US Forest Serv, Goods Serv & Values Program, Portland Forestry Sci Lab, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. [Hudak, A. T.] US Forest Serv, Forest & Woodlands Ecosyst Program, Moscow Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID USA. [Uebler, E. H.] US Forest Serv, John Day, OR USA. [Falkowski, M. J.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Megown, K. A.] US Forest Serv, Remote Sensing Applicat Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Hummel, S (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Goods Serv & Values Program, Portland Forestry Sci Lab, Pacific NW Res Stn, 620 SW Main St,Suite 400, Portland, OR 97205 USA. EM shummel@fs.fed.us; ahudak@fs.fed.us; euebler@fs.fed.us; mjfalkow@mtu.edu; kmegown@fs.fed.us FU Remote Sensing Steering Committee of the Remote Sensing Applications Center, Salt Lake City, UT; US Forest Service FX This work was supported by the Remote Sensing Steering Committee of the Remote Sensing Applications Center, Salt Lake City, UT, and by the US Forest Service. NR 20 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 13 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 109 IS 5 BP 267 EP 273 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 795DU UT WOS:000292952500003 ER PT J AU Calkin, DE Thompson, MP Finney, MA Hyde, KD AF Calkin, David E. Thompson, Matthew P. Finney, Mark A. Hyde, Kevin D. TI A Real-Time Risk Assessment Tool Supporting Wildland Fire Decisionmaking SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE wildland fire; decision support systems; fire modeling; economics ID FOREST; MANAGEMENT; POLICY; MODEL AB Development of appropriate management strategies for escaped wildland fires is complex. Fire managers need the ability to identify, in real time, the likelihood that wildfire will affect valuable developed and natural resources (e.g., private structures, public infrastructure, and natural and cultural resources). These determinations help guide where and when aggressive suppression is required to protect values and when fire may be allowed to burn to enhance ecosystem conditions. This article describes the primary components of the Wild land Fire Decision Support System (WFDSS), a geospatial decision support system developed by the US Forest Service. WFDSS provides state-of-the-art wildfire risk analysis, decision documentation, and long-term implementation planning. In particular, we describe how the two primary decision support analysis components of WFDSS, Fire Spread Probability (fire behavior) and Rapid Assessment of Values at Risk (resource assessment), fit into the current state of risk assessment tools for wildfire suppression decisionmaking. C1 [Calkin, David E.; Thompson, Matthew P.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forest Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. [Finney, Mark A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Hyde, Kevin D.] Collins Consulting, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. RP Calkin, DE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forest Sci Lab, POB 7669, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. EM decalkin@fs.fed.us; mpthompson02@fs.fed.us; mfinney@fs.fed.us; kdhyde@fs.fed.us RI Calkin, David/F-4727-2014 NR 38 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 22 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 109 IS 5 BP 274 EP 280 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 795DU UT WOS:000292952500004 ER PT J AU Pinto, JR Dumroese, RK Davis, AS Landis, TD AF Pinto, Jeremiah R. Dumroese, R. Kasten Davis, Anthony S. Landis, Thomas D. TI Conducting Seedling Stocktype Trials: A New Approach to an Old Question SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE target plant concept; outplanting; seedling quality; container; bareroot ID CONTAINER NURSERY REGIMES; FIELD PERFORMANCE; DROUGHT RESISTANCE; PLANTING STOCK; DOUGLAS-FIR; ROOT-GROWTH; ESTABLISHMENT; REFORESTATION; MORPHOLOGY; SURVIVAL AB Seedlings for reforestation and restoration come in many shapes and sizes, i.e., a variety of stocktypes. With so many choices available, land managers commonly ask which stocktype will best meet their management objectives. For years, stocktype studies have been initiated in search of an answer to this question, but few have been done without some degree of confounding. Past studies often confounded seed sources, nurseries, and culturing regimes, and/or failed to address differences in initial seeding quality, which sometimes led to inappropriate conclusions. This article reviews the reasoning behind stocktype studies, reviews common pitfalls of past studies, and suggests some key considerations to making future stocktype studies a viable resource to the practicing forester. C1 [Pinto, Jeremiah R.; Dumroese, R. Kasten] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Davis, Anthony S.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Ecol & Biogeosci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Pinto, JR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1221 S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM jpinto@fs.fed.us; kdumroese@fs.fed.us; asdavis@uidaho.edu; nurseries@aol.com NR 41 TC 18 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 12 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 109 IS 5 BP 293 EP 299 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 795DU UT WOS:000292952500007 ER PT J AU Khamis, M Subramanyam, B Dogan, H Flinn, PW Gwirtz, JA AF Khamis, Moses Subramanyam, Bhadriraju Dogan, Hulya Flinn, Paul W. Gwirtz, Jeffrey A. TI Effects of flameless catalytic infrared radiation on Sitophilus oryzae (L.) life stages SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Infrared energy; Rice weevil; Stored wheat; Grain disinfestation; Efficacy assessment ID GRANARY WEEVIL; WHEAT KERNELS; RICE WEEVIL; ROUGH RICE; INFESTATION; INSECTS AB A laboratory benchtop flameless catalytic infrared emitter was evaluated against all life stages of the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L), an insect species associated with stored wheat. The emitted infrared radiation was in the 3-7)mu m range. A non-contact infrared thermometer measured grain temperatures continuously during exposures of infested wheat. Insect mortality was a function of the final grain temperature attained. In general, higher grain temperatures were attained when using 113.5 versus 227.0 g of wheat, and at 8.0 cm from the emitter versus 12.7 cm, and during a 60 s exposure versus a 45 s exposure. Complete mortality of all life stages of S. oryzae was achieved at 8.0 cm from the emitter using 113.5 g of wheat, with a 60 s exposure; the mean grain temperatures attained ranged from 108.4 to 111.8 degrees C. The log odds ratio tests showed that eggs (0 days old) were the least susceptible stage to infrared radiation, followed by adults within kernels (28 days old), pupae (24 days old), young larvae (7 days old), larvae that were 14-21 days old, and adults (42 days old). These data using small amounts of grain indicate infrared radiation from the flameless catalytic emitter to be a viable option for disinfesting wheat containing various life stages of S. oryzae. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Khamis, Moses; Subramanyam, Bhadriraju; Dogan, Hulya; Gwirtz, Jeffrey A.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Flinn, Paul W.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Subramanyam, B (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, 201 Shellenberger Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM sbhadrir@k-state.edu RI Flinn, Paul/B-9104-2013 FU USDA/CSREES FX The authors thank Catalytic Drying Technologies, Independence, KS, USA, for donating the flameless catalytic infrared emitter. Research reported here was supported by a grant from USDA/CSREES NC-IPM Program. This paper is contribution number 10-266-J of the Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 47 IS 3 BP 173 EP 178 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2010.11.002 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 795DR UT WOS:000292952200006 ER PT J AU Burks, CS McLaughlin, JR Miller, JR Brandl, DG AF Burks, Charles S. McLaughlin, John R. Miller, James R. Brandl, David G. TI Mating disruption for control of Plodia interpunctella (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in dried beans SO JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Indianmeal moth; Mating disruption; High-volume timed aerosol dispenser; Dried beans ID NAVEL ORANGEWORM LEPIDOPTERA; SEX-PHEROMONE COMMUNICATION; INDIANMEAL MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; CADRA-CAUTELLA LEPIDOPTERA; OVIPOSITION; INFESTATION; TEMPERATURE; POPULATIONS; PERFORMANCE; TORTRICIDAE AB We compared the impact of mating disruption and aerosol space treatment using synergized pyrethrins on Indianmeal moth Plodia interpunctella in 2200-2900 m(3) structures at a dried bean storage and processing facility in Stanislaus County, CA USA. Mating disruption was applied using a high-volume aerosol timed release dispenser to apply 1.9 mg/d/100 m(3) (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecyldienyl acetate (Z9,E12-14:Ac). Biological effects of mating disruption were compared between areas treated with mating disruption, aerosol space treatments, and an untreated part of the facility. The ability of males to orient to a pheromone source, to mate with calling females, and the fertility of resident females was examined using pheromone traps, sentinel females, and oviposition bait cups, respectively. Compared to an untreated area, males in pheromone traps and female mating were greatly reduced in both the aerosol space treatment and mating disruption treatment areas. After the second week of the study, P. interpunctella progeny were recovered from the untreated area and the aerosol space treatment area but not the mating disruption area, despite an active infestation in this area at the start of the study. An experiment examining development on the dried beans stored at this facility found variable development on broken beans, but generally poor development in intact beans. We conclude that the mating disruption treatment was as effective as the space treatment in suppressing population growth under the conditions at this facility, and discuss the potential for mating disruption using high-volume aerosol timed dispensers for phycitine moths in stored products. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Burks, Charles S.; Brandl, David G.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [McLaughlin, John R.] IPM Technol Inc, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Miller, James R.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Burks, CS (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM Charles.Burks@ars.usda.gov OI Burks, Charles/0000-0003-0242-8644 NR 34 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-474X J9 J STORED PROD RES JI J. Stored Prod. Res. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 47 IS 3 BP 216 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.jspr.2011.03.001 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 795DR UT WOS:000292952200013 ER PT J AU Morley, JE Abbatecola, AM Argiles, JM Baracos, V Bauer, J Bhasin, S Cederholm, T Coats, AJS Cummings, SR Evans, WJ Fearon, K Ferrucci, L Fielding, RA Guralnik, JM Harris, TB Inui, A Kalantar-Zadeh, K Kirwan, BA Mantovani, G Muscaritoli, M Newman, AB Rossi-Fanelli, F Rosano, GMC Roubenoff, R Schambelan, M Sokol, GH Storer, TW Vellas, B von Haehling, S Yeh, SS Anker, SD AF Morley, John E. Abbatecola, Angela Marie Argiles, Josep M. Baracos, Vickie Bauer, Juergen Bhasin, Shalender Cederholm, Tommy Coats, Andrew J. Stewart Cummings, Steven R. Evans, William J. Fearon, Kenneth Ferrucci, Luigi Fielding, Roger A. Guralnik, Jack M. Harris, Tamara B. Inui, Akio Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar Kirwan, Bridget-Anne Mantovani, Giovanni Muscaritoli, Maurizio Newman, Anne B. Rossi-Fanelli, Filippo Rosano, Giuseppe M. C. Roubenoff, Ronenn Schambelan, Morris Sokol, Gerald H. Storer, Thomas W. Vellas, Bruno von Haehling, Stephan Yeh, Shing-Shing Anker, Stefan D. CA Soc Sarcopenia Cachexia Wasting TI Sarcopenia With Limited Mobility: An International Consensus SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID 6-MINUTE WALK DISTANCE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE STRENGTH; CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA; IANA TASK-FORCE; OLDER-ADULTS; BODY-COMPOSITION; PHYSICAL FUNCTION; GAIT SPEED; NEUROMUSCULAR ACTIVATION; PULMONARY-HYPERTENSION AB A consensus conference convened by the Society of Sarcopenia, Cachexia and Wasting Disorders has concluded that "Sarcopenia, le, reduced muscle mass, with limited mobility" should be considered an important clinical entity and that most older persons should be screened for this condition. "Sarcopenia with limited mobility" is defined as a person with muscle loss whose walking speed is equal to or less than 1 m/s or who walks less than 400 m during a 6-minute walk, and who has a lean appendicular mass corrected for height squared of 2 standard deviations or more below the mean of healthy persons between 20 and 30 years of age of the same ethnic group. The limitation in mobility should not clearly be a result of otherwise defined specific diseases of muscle, peripheral vascular disease with intermittent claudication, central and peripheral nervous system disorders, or cachexia. Clinically significant interventions are defined as an increase in the 6-minute walk of at least 50 meters or an increase of walking speed of at least 0.1 m/s. (J Am Med Dir Assoc 2011; 12: 403-409) C1 [Morley, John E.] St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Div Geriatr Med, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. [Morley, John E.] VA Med Ctr, GRECC, St Louis, MO USA. [Abbatecola, Angela Marie] INRCA, Sci Direct, Ancona, Italy. [Argiles, Josep M.] Univ Barcelona, Dept Biochem, Barcelona, Spain. [Baracos, Vickie] Univ Alberta, Dept Oncol, Edmonton, AB T6G 2M7, Canada. [Bauer, Juergen] Geriatr Ctr Oldenberg, Oldenburg, Germany. [Bauer, Juergen] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dept Geriatr Med, Nurnberg, Germany. [Bhasin, Shalender; Storer, Thomas W.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Cederholm, Tommy] Univ Uppsala Hosp, Uppsala, Sweden. [Coats, Andrew J. Stewart] Univ E Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Cummings, Steven R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Coordinating Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Cummings, Steven R.; Schambelan, Morris] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Cummings, Steven R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Evans, William J.] GlaxoSmithKline Inc, Muscle Metab Discovery Performance Unit, Durham, NC USA. [Evans, William J.] Duke Univ, Dept Med, Durham, NC USA. [Evans, William J.] Duke Univ, Dept Geriatr, Durham, NC USA. [Fearon, Kenneth] Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Fearon, Kenneth] Western Gen Hosp, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, Midlothian, Scotland. [Ferrucci, Luigi; Guralnik, Jack M.; Harris, Tamara B.] NIA, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Inui, Akio] Kagoshima Univ, Grad Sch Med & Dent Sci, Dept Psychosomat Internal Med, Kagoshima 890, Japan. [Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar] David Geffen UCLA Sch Med, Harold Simmons Ctr, Div Nephrol, Torrance, CA USA. [Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar] David Geffen UCLA Sch Med, Harold Simmons Ctr, Div Nephrol, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar] Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. [Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar] Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Kirwan, Bridget-Anne] SOCAR Res, Nyon, Switzerland. [Mantovani, Giovanni] Univ Cagliari, Sch Med, Dept Med Oncol, Cagliari, Italy. [Muscaritoli, Maurizio] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Internal Med & Clin Nutr Management Unit, Rome, Italy. [Newman, Anne B.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Aging & Populat Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Rossi-Fanelli, Filippo] Univ Rome, Rome, Italy. [Rosano, Giuseppe M. C.] IRCCS, Med Sci Ctr Clin & Expt Med, San Raffael, Italy. [Roubenoff, Ronenn] Novartis Inst Biomed Res, Boston, MA USA. [Roubenoff, Ronenn] Tufts Med Ctr, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. [Schambelan, Morris] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Endocrinol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Sokol, Gerald H.] Tampa Gen Hosp, Moffitt Canc Ctr, Tampa, FL 33606 USA. [Sokol, Gerald H.] US FDA, Tampa, FL USA. [Vellas, Bruno] Toulouse Univ Hosp, Toulouse, France. [von Haehling, Stephan] Charite, Dept Cardiol, Berlin, Germany. [Yeh, Shing-Shing] Stony Brook Univ Hosp, Northport VAMC & Med, Stony Brook, NY USA. [Anker, Stefan D.] Charite Campus Virchow Klinikum, Dept Cardiol, Berlin, Germany. RP Morley, JE (reprint author), St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Div Geriatr Med, 1402 S Grand Blvd,M238, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. EM morley@slu.edu RI morley, john/F-9177-2011; Newman, Anne/C-6408-2013; Rossi Fanelli, Filippo/E-9587-2011; OI morley, john/0000-0001-6444-2965; Newman, Anne/0000-0002-0106-1150; Rossi Fanelli, Filippo/0000-0002-8674-1672; Kirwan, Bridget-Anne/0000-0002-3814-3598; Baracos, Vickie/0000-0002-9609-1001; Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar/0000-0002-8666-0725 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 AG000015-49] NR 93 TC 261 Z9 264 U1 14 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1525-8610 J9 J AM MED DIR ASSOC JI J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 12 IS 6 BP 403 EP 409 DI 10.1016/j.jamda.2011.04.014 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 795SS UT WOS:000292996700005 PM 21640657 ER PT J AU Strickland, BK Dorr, BS Pogmore, F Nohrenberg, G Barras, SC Mcconnell, JE Gobeille, J AF Strickland, Bronson K. Dorr, Brian S. Pogmore, Fred Nohrenberg, Gary Barras, Scott C. Mcconnell, John E. Gobeille, John TI Effects of Management on Double-Crested Cormorant Nesting Colony Fidelity SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE colony abandonment; culling; dispersal; double-crested cormorant; egg oiling; nesting colony fidelity; Phalacrocorax auritus; New York; Vermont ID YELLOW PERCH; BREEDING DISPERSAL; POPULATION-SIZE; GREAT CORMORANT; SITE FIDELITY; RIVER ESTUARY; ONEIDA LAKE; BIOENERGETICS; SUCCESS; SEABIRD AB The increase of double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus; hereafter, cormorant) populations during the last 2 decades has impacted many stakeholder groups. The negative effects of nesting cormorants on trees and other vegetation have motivated private organizations and government agencies to manage nesting colonies and reduce their impacts to private property and public resources. Management-induced reproductive failure has been shown to influence cormorant inter-annual nesting colony fidelity, but not complete abandonment from a nesting colony site. We attached very high frequency (VHF) transmitters and Global Positioning System (GPS) transmitters to nesting cormorants to monitor their movement response on a managed site (Young Island, VT [YI]) and an unmanaged site (Four Brothers Islands, NY [FB]). Additionally, we monitored these sites to determine the influence of management activities on subsequent-year colonization. On YI, management consisted of egg-oiling all cormorant nests (some nests had been oiled in previous years) and culling approximately 20% of adults. Annual dispersal rates did not differ between managed and unmanaged sites, but a nesting period interaction occurred with greater dispersal on the managed site following the incubation period. After 4 years of both egg oiling and culling, cormorant nesting on YI declined to zero. Simultaneously, cormorant numbers increased on the nearby unmanaged FB. We propose either the cumulative effect of partial or complete reproductive failure (8 yr) or simply the inclusion of adult culling (4 yr) caused the abandonment. From a colony-specific management perspective, the rapid decline was beneficial to the goal of restoring the vegetative community on YI. The effects of adult culling at nesting colonies, prior-year reproductive failure caused by egg oiling, or the combination of these factors may be required for complete and rapid nesting site abandonment. The use of culling adult breeders reduced nesting and likely limits the cost and logistics of control and allows more rapid initiation of mitigation measures and island habitat restoration. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Strickland, Bronson K.; Dorr, Brian S.; Barras, Scott C.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Mississippi Field Stn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Pogmore, Fred; Nohrenberg, Gary; Mcconnell, John E.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Concord, NH 03301 USA. [Gobeille, John] Vermont Fish & Wildlife Dept, Essex Jct, VT 05452 USA. RP Strickland, BK (reprint author), Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, POB 9690, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM bstrickland@cfr.msstate.edu OI Dorr, Brian/0000-0001-6857-8560 NR 41 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 75 IS 5 BP 1012 EP 1021 DI 10.1002/jwmg.141 PG 10 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 794BZ UT WOS:000292871600005 ER PT J AU Franzreb, KE Zarnoch, SJ AF Franzreb, Kathleen E. Zarnoch, Stanley J. TI Factors Affecting Florida Scrub-Jay Nest Survival on Ocala National Forest, Florida SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Aphelocoma coerulescens; Florida; Florida scrub-jay; forest management; nest daily survival models; nest survival; Ocala National Forest; reforestation ID REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; PREDATION; HABITAT; DICKCISSELS; POPULATION; NESTLINGS; RECOVERY; SPARROWS; MODELS; EGGS AB One of the main populations of the Florida scrub-jay (Aphelocoma coerulescens), a federally threatened species, occurs on Ocala National Forest, Florida. We determined the nest daily survival rate (DSR) of 474 nests of Florida scrub-jays in stands subject to sand pine reforestation management after timber harvesting or wildfire on Ocala National Forest. We used the information-theoretic approach with logistic-exposure modeling to determine the most likely models to account for DSR for the incubation and nestling stages separately. The models consisted of 4 components (temporal, management, habitat, and helpers) with each consisting of one to several specific variables. In the incubation stage all the best models included the temporal component alone or in concert with the habitat, helpers, or habitat and helpers components. Model averaging in the incubation stage indicated support for the year and day x year in the temporal component and stand age in the habitat component. In the nestling stage, top models all included the temporal component alone or with helpers or habitat, helpers, and the interaction of habitat and helpers. Model averaging in the nestling stage showed support for the year, nest age, and to a lesser extent day in the temporal component and helpers. The management component, which consisted of no site preparation, wildfire burn, post-harvest burn, chop and seed, or seed only, had little influence on nest survival for the incubation or nestling stages. However, we identified several other management factors that may increase Florida scrub-jay populations despite having no effect on DSR. First, the proportion of Florida scrub-jay nests was significantly higher than expected in burned habitat based on habitat availability, indicating a potential preferred nesting habitat conducive to population growth. Second, incubation stage DSR with respect to stand age (habitat component) declined to stand age 10 yr and then began to increase, which may be attributed to the higher bird population in the prime habitat in the middle stand ages. The denser population may result in more competition for resources, and possibly may attract more predators, resulting in a lower DSR. Thus, although DSR may be lower at the mid-stand ages, the overall population may actually be optimal. Therefore, to increase the Florida scrub-jay population on Ocala National Forest, we recommend maintaining a mosaic of stands <= 20 yr of age and emphasizing natural reseeding and site preparation via burning. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Franzreb, Kathleen E.] Univ Tennessee, USDA, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn,Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Zarnoch, Stanley J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Franzreb, KE (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, USDA, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn,Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM Franzreb@utk.edu FU U.S. Forest Service, Ocala National Forest FX We are grateful to J. O. Garcia and J. E. Puschock for invaluable assistance with field data collection and collation. L. S. Lowery, C. M. Sekerek, and other Forest Service personnel provided helpful suggestions and logistical assistance. This study was funded by the U.S. Forest Service, Ocala National Forest, and we thank M. E. Kearney, Jeri Marr, and J. D. Thorsen for their support. We appreciate the insightful comments on the manuscript provided by C. Greenberg, R. Mumme, and S. Pruett. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 75 IS 5 BP 1040 EP 1050 DI 10.1002/jwmg.139 PG 11 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 794BZ UT WOS:000292871600008 ER PT J AU Bagne, KE Purcell, KL AF Bagne, Karen E. Purcell, Kathryn L. TI Short-Term Responses of Birds to Prescribed Fire in Fire-Suppressed Forests of California SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE avian ecology; birds; fire suppression; forest; Joseph Grinnell; prescribed fire; Sierra Nevada ID PONDEROSA PINE; CONIFER FORESTS; SIERRA-NEVADA; BURN SEVERITY; UNITED-STATES; POPULATIONS; ABUNDANCE; COMMUNITIES; WILDFIRES; SELECTION AB Prescribed fire is one tool for restoring fire-suppressed forests, but application of fire during spring coincides with breeding and arrival of migrant birds. We examined effects of low-severity prescribed fires on counts of birds in a managed forest in the Sierra Nevada of California immediately, 1 year, and 3-6 years after fire was applied in spring. Of 26 species analyzed, counts of 3 species increased after fire (Pacific-slope flycatcher [Empidonax difficilis], brown creeper [Certhia americana], and American robin [Turdus migratorius]), and 6 species decreased after fire (Anna's hummingbird [Calypte anna], Hutton's vireo [Vireo huttoni], warbling vireo [Vireo gilvus], golden-crowned kinglet [Regulus satrapa], Nashville warbler [Vermivora ruficapilla], hermit warbler [Dendroica occidentalis]). Black-throated gray warbler (Dendroica nigrescens) increased in the first year following fire but decreased 3-6 years after fire. When grouped into guilds, habitat association and foraging guild best explained responses to fire, with the greatest changes occurring for oak-associated species (negative), riparian-associated species (positive), aerial foragers (positive), and bark foragers (positive). Lastly, when we compared our counts to those collected during the 1910s, changes were consistent with those predicted from fire suppression and species' affinity for burned forests, suggesting that results from contemporary fire studies should be interpreted within an ecological context that includes effects of fire suppression. We found that low-severity prescribed fires applied in spring served to drive the bird community towards pre-suppression conditions. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Bagne, Karen E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Bagne, Karen E.; Purcell, Kathryn L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Fresno, CA 93710 USA. RP Bagne, KE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. EM kbagne@gmail.com RI Purcell, Kathryn/S-2592-2016 FU Joint Fire Sciences Program [00-2-05]; U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Sierra Nevada Research Center FX Our study was funded, in part, by the Joint Fire Sciences Program (Project 00-2-05) and additionally by the U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Sierra Nevada Research Center. We thank D. McCandliss, S. Parr, C. Ballard, and M. Helm of the Sierra National Forest for coordination and execution of prescribed burns. We also thank S. Sutton-Mazzocco, J. Hartwig, L. Nason, S. Deal, and particularly K. Mazzocco and D. Drynan for field assistance. S. Mori and R. King provided assistance on statistical issues and SAS (SAS Institute, Cary, NC) code. R. Steidl, J. Rotenberry, R. Minnich, M. Allen, and anonymous reviewers provided input that improved the manuscript. C. Moritz and K. Klitz at the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology at University of California Berkeley kindly provided access to Grinnell's field notes. NR 63 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 75 IS 5 BP 1051 EP 1060 DI 10.1002/jwmg.128 PG 10 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 794BZ UT WOS:000292871600009 ER PT J AU Hollenbeck, JP Saab, VA Frenzel, RW AF Hollenbeck, Jeff P. Saab, Victoria A. Frenzel, Richard W. TI Habitat Suitability and Nest Survival of White-Headed Woodpeckers in Unburned Forests of Oregon SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE nest survival; niche model; partitioned Mahalanobis distance; Picoides albolarvatus; ponderosa pine forests; remote sensing; white-headed woodpecker ID SITE SELECTION; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; LEWISS WOODPECKER; BURNED FORESTS; BIRDS; LANDSCAPE; MODELS; POPULATION; OCCUPANCY; PREDATION AB We evaluated habitat suitability and nest survival of breeding white-headed woodpeckers (Picoides albolarvatus) in unburned forests of central Oregon, USA. Daily nest-survival rate was positively related to maximum daily temperature during the nest interval and to density of large-diameter trees surrounding the nest tree. We developed a niche-based habitat suitability model (partitioned Mahalanobis distance) for nesting white-headed woodpeckers using remotely sensed data. Along with low elevation, high density of large trees, and low slope, our habitat suitability model suggested that interspersion-juxtaposition of low-and high-canopy cover ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) patches was important for nest-site suitability. Cross-validation suggested the model performed adequately for management planning at a scale >1 ha. Evaluation of mapped habitat suitability index (HSI) suggested that the maximum predictive gain (HSI = 0.36), where the number of nest locations are maximized in the smallest proportion of the modeled landscape, provided an objective initial threshold for identification of suitable habitat. However, managers can choose the threshold HSI most appropriate for their purposes (e. g., locating regions of low-moderate suitability that have potential for habitat restoration). Consequently, our habitat suitability model may be useful for managing dry coniferous forests for white-headed woodpeckers in central Oregon; however, model validation is necessary before our model could be applied to other locations. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Hollenbeck, Jeff P.; Saab, Victoria A.] USFS Rocky Mt Res Stn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Hollenbeck, JP (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, USGS Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM jhollenbeck@usgs.gov FU United States Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region; Rocky Mountain Research Station, National Fire Plan; Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife; Audubon Society; M. Stern of The Nature Conservancy; C. Carey of Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife FX Funding was provided by United States Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region and the Rocky Mountain Research Station, National Fire Plan. Nest-site data collection was supported by United States Forest Service Pacific Northwest Region, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Audubon Society, M. Stern of The Nature Conservancy, and C. Carey of Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. J. Ohmann provided guidance on using GNN layers for modeling. K. Mellen-McLean, A. Markus, and B. Bresson were the impetus for our work, provided input on the covariates used in the modeling, and helped with data interpretation. We thank J. Kozma and K. Preston for thoughtful reviews. NR 63 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 75 IS 5 BP 1061 EP 1071 DI 10.1002/jwmg.146 PG 11 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 794BZ UT WOS:000292871600010 ER PT J AU Thompson, CM Zielinski, WJ Purcell, KL AF Thompson, Craig M. Zielinski, William J. Purcell, Kathryn L. TI Evaluating Management Risks Using Landscape Trajectory Analysis: A Case Study of California Fisher SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE fisher; Forest Vegetation Simulator; fuel treatment; habitat management; landscape trajectory; Martes pennanti ID PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; HISTORICAL RANGE; MARTES-PENNANTI; UNITED-STATES; FIRE POLICY; RESTORATION; USA; CONSERVATION; VARIABILITY; SCIENCE AB Ecosystem management requires an understanding of how landscapes vary in space and time, how this variation can be affected by management decisions or stochastic events, and the potential consequences for species. Landscape trajectory analysis, coupled with a basic knowledge of species habitat selection, offers a straightforward approach to ecological risk analysis and can be used to project the effects of management decisions on species of concern. The fisher (Martes pennanti) occurs primarily in late-successional forests which, in the Sierra Nevada mountains, are susceptible to high-intensity wildfire. Understanding the effects of fuels treatments and fire on the distribution of fisher habitat is a critical conservation concern. We assumed that the more a treated landscape resembled occupied female fisher home ranges, the more likely it was to be occupied by a female and therefore the lower the risk to the population. Thus, we characterized important vegetation attributes within the home ranges of 16 female fishers and used the distribution of these attributes as a baseline against which the effects of forest management options could be compared. We used principal components analysis to identify the major axes defining occupied female fisher home ranges and these, in addition to select univariate metrics, became our reference for evaluating the effects of landscape change. We demonstrated the approach at two management units on the Sierra National Forest by simulating the effects of both no action and forest thinning, with and without an unplanned fire, on vegetation characteristics over a 45-yr period. Under the no action scenario, landscapes remained similar to reference conditions for approximately 30-yr until forest succession resulted in a loss of landscape heterogeneity. Comparatively, fuel treatment resulted in the reduction of certain forest elements below those found in female fisher home ranges yet little overall change in habitat suitability. Adding a wildfire to both scenarios resulted in divergence from reference conditions, though in the no action scenario the divergence was 4 x greater and the landscape did not recover within the 45-yr timeframe. These examples demonstrate that combining the results of forest growth and disturbance modeling with habitat selection data may be used to quantify the potential effects of vegetation management activities on wildlife habitat. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Thompson, Craig M.; Purcell, Kathryn L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Fresno, CA 93710 USA. [Zielinski, William J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redwood Sci Lab, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Thompson, CM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, 2081 E Sierra Av, Fresno, CA 93710 USA. EM cthompson@fs.fed.us RI Purcell, Kathryn/S-2592-2016 FU USFS Region; Pacific Southwest Research Station Sierra Nevada Research Center FX A. Mazzoni and her field staff provided data on 6 female fishers monitored from 1999 to 2001. J. Banaszack, J. Garner, R. Green, B. Nichols, S. Rossler, T. Smith, G. W. Watts, and numerous volunteers collected additional data on female fisher habitat use. R. Rojas and S. Parks of the Sierra National Forest created and provided detailed vegetation data. J. Baldwin of the USFS Pacific Southwest Research Station provided statistical support. Funding for this work was provided by the USFS Region 5 and the Pacific Southwest Research Station Sierra Nevada Research Center. NR 37 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 9 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 75 IS 5 BP 1164 EP 1176 DI 10.1002/jwmg.159 PG 13 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 794BZ UT WOS:000292871600021 ER PT J AU Lavelle, MJ Vercauteren, KC Hefley, TJ Phillips, GE Hygnstrom, SE Long, DB Fischer, JW Swafford, SR Campbell, TA AF Lavelle, Michael J. Vercauteren, Kurt C. Hefley, Trevor J. Phillips, Gregory E. Hygnstrom, Scott E. Long, David B. Fischer, Justin W. Swafford, Seth R. Campbell, Tyler A. TI Evaluation of Fences for Containing Feral Swine under Simulated Depopulation Conditions SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE classical swine fever; containment; disease; fence; feral swine; foot-and-mouth disease; pig; Sus scrofa; Texas; wildlife damage management ID BOAR SUS-SCROFA; WILD BOAR; MOUTH-DISEASE; INTERVAL ESTIMATORS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; DAMAGE MANAGEMENT; DOMESTIC SWINE; HOG-CHOLERA; DEER-DAMAGE; PIGS AB Populations of feral swine (Sus scrofa) are estimated to include >2 million animals in the state of Texas, USA, alone. Feral swine damage to property, crops, and livestock exceeds $50 million annually. These figures do not include the increased risks and costs associated with the potential for feral swine to spread disease to domestic livestock. Thus, effective bio-security measures will be needed to quickly isolate affected feral swine populations during disease outbreaks. We evaluated enclosures built of 0.86-m-tall traditional hog panels for containing feral swine during 35 trials, each involving 6 recently caught animals exposed to increasing levels of motivation. During trials, fences were 97% successful when enclosures were entered by humans for maintenance purposes; 83% effective when pursued by walking humans discharging paintball projectors; and in limited testing, 100% successful when pursued and removed by gunners in a helicopter. In addition to being effective in containing feral swine, enclosures constructed of hog panels required simple hand tools, took <5 min/m to erect, and were inexpensive ($5.73/m excluding labor) relative to other fencing options. As such, hog-panel fences are suitable for use by state and federal agencies for rapid deployment in disease response situations, but also exhibit utility for general control of other types of damage associated with feral swine. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Lavelle, Michael J.; Vercauteren, Kurt C.; Phillips, Gregory E.; Fischer, Justin W.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Hefley, Trevor J.; Hygnstrom, Scott E.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Long, David B.; Campbell, Tyler A.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Texas Field Stn, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. [Swafford, Seth R.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Columbia, MO 65202 USA. RP Lavelle, MJ (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM kurt.c.vercauteren@aphis.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services FX We thank D. Baasch, C. Betsil, Z. Bowers, C. Brock, G. Clements, J. Cumbee, A. Hildreth, T. Hutton, K. Lawry, B. Leland, T. Musante, K. Pedersen, J. Ratton, T. Ruby, R. Sinclair, B. Sparklin, and T. Taylor for assistance. We thank the Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute at Texas A&M University-Kingsville and Texas Wildlife Services for logistic support. We are grateful to the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Disease Program for financial support. Mention of companies or commercial products does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA nor does omission imply criticism. Product names are mentioned solely to report factually on available data and to provide specific information. NR 67 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 46 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 75 IS 5 BP 1200 EP 1208 DI 10.1002/jwmg.134 PG 9 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 794BZ UT WOS:000292871600025 ER PT J AU Mills, WE Harrigal, DE Owen, SF Dukes, WF Barrineau, DA Wiggers, EP AF Mills, William E. Harrigal, Dean E. Owen, Sheldon F. Dukes, William F. Barrineau, Daniel A. Wiggers, Ernie P. TI Capturing Clapper Rails Using Thermal Imaging Technology SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE airboat; capture; clapper rail; marsh bird; Rallidae; Rallus longirostris; South Carolina; thermal imaging ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; WILDLIFE; PLAYBACK; DENSITY; HABITAT; IMAGERY; BIRDS AB Capturing sufficient numbers of marsh birds for telemetry studies is difficult due to the secretive nature and inaccessible habitat of the birds. We experimented with thermal imaging technology to locate clapper rails and subsequently capture them from an airboat in South Carolina tidal marshes. This method produced a capture rate of up to 19.2 rails/hr, which exceeded other capture rates in the literature. We believe this technique will improve capture efficiency for clapper rails, and potentially other secretive marsh birds, enhancing opportunities for studying these important species. (C) 2011 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Mills, William E.; Wiggers, Ernie P.] Nemours Wildlife Fdn, Yemassee, SC 29945 USA. [Harrigal, Dean E.; Barrineau, Daniel A.] S Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Green Pond, SC 29446 USA. [Owen, Sheldon F.] APHIS Wildlife Serv, USDA, Columbia, SC 29203 USA. [Dukes, William F.] S Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Columbia, SC 29202 USA. RP Mills, WE (reprint author), Nemours Wildlife Fdn, 161 Nemours Plantat Rd, Yemassee, SC 29945 USA. EM emills@nemourswildlife.org FU Nemours Wildlife Foundation; South Carolina Department of Natural Resources; United States Department of Agriculture/Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA/APHIS) Wildlife Services FX Funding support was provided by Nemours Wildlife Foundation, South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, and United States Department of Agriculture/Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA/APHIS) Wildlife Services. Use of thermal imaging equipment was coordinated by N. E. Myers of USDA/APHIS Wildlife Services. Additional field support was provided by C. Shipes and D. Bedingfield of Nemours Wildlife Foundation and C. Ricketts of University of Georgia. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 75 IS 5 BP 1218 EP 1221 DI 10.1002/jwmg.142 PG 4 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 794BZ UT WOS:000292871600027 ER PT J AU Briske, DD Sayre, NF Huntsinger, L Fernandez-Gimenez, M Budd, B Derner, JD AF Briske, D. D. Sayre, Nathan F. Huntsinger, L. Fernandez-Gimenez, M. Budd, B. Derner, J. D. TI Origin, Persistence, and Resolution of the Rotational Grazing Debate: Integrating Human Dimensions Into Rangeland Research SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE adaptive management; complex ecological systems; ecosystem management; grazing management; social-ecological systems ID FIRE RESTORATION STRATEGIES; ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT; UNITED-STATES; CONSERVATION; ECOSYSTEMS; RESPONSES; SAVANNA; SYSTEMS; SCALE; PERSPECTIVES AB The debate regarding the benefits of rotational grazing has eluded resolution within the US rangeland profession for more than 60 yr. This forum examines the origin of the debate and the major reasons for its persistence in an attempt to identify common ground for resolution, and to search for meaningful lessons from this central chapter in the history of the US rangeland profession. Rotational grazing was a component of the institutional and scientific response to severe rangeland degradation at the turn of the 20th century, and it has since become the professional norm for grazing management. Managers have found that rotational grazing systems can work for diverse management purposes, but scientific experiments have demonstrated that they do not necessarily work for specific ecological purposes. These interpretations appear contradictory, but we contend that they can be reconciled by evaluation within the context of complex adaptive systems in which human variables such as goal setting, experiential knowledge, and decision making are given equal importance to biophysical variables. The scientific evidence refuting the ecological benefits of rotational grazing is robust, but also narrowly focused, because it derives from experiments that intentionally excluded these human variables. Consequently, the profession has attempted to answer a broad, complex question-whether or not managers should adopt rotational grazing-with necessarily narrow experimental research focused exclusively on ecological processes. The rotational grazing debate persists because the rangeland profession has not yet developed a management and research framework capable of incorporating both the social and biophysical components of complex adaptive systems. We recommend moving beyond the debate over whether or not rotational grazing works by focusing on adaptive management and the integration of experiential and experimental, as well as social and biophysical, knowledge to provide a more comprehensive framework for the management of rangeland systems. C1 [Briske, D. D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Sayre, Nathan F.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Geog, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Huntsinger, L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fernandez-Gimenez, M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Range & Watershed Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Budd, B.] Wyoming Wildlife & Nat Resource Trust, Riverton, WY 82501 USA. [Derner, J. D.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. RP Briske, DD (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM dbriske@tamu.edu RI Huntsinger, Lynn/G-5453-2011 OI Huntsinger, Lynn/0000-0001-9444-4152 NR 83 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 3 U2 76 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 64 IS 4 BP 325 EP 334 DI 10.2111/REM-D-10-00084.1 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 795QR UT WOS:000292989400001 ER PT J AU Derner, JD Hickman, KR Polley, HW AF Derner, Justin D. Hickman, Karen R. Polley, H. Wayne TI Decreasing Precipitation Variability Does Not Elicit Major Aboveground Biomass or Plant Diversity Responses in a Mesic Rangeland SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE altered precipitation regime; climate change; ecosystem stability; Southern tallgrass prairie; species richness; rainout shelter ID ALTERED RAINFALL PATTERNS; MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; UNITED-STATES; GREAT-PLAINS; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; PRODUCTIVITY RESPONSES; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; FUNCTIONAL TYPES; NORTH-AMERICA AB Inter- (between years) and intra- (within year) annual variability of precipitation are high on rangelands. We used replicated rainout shelters in a southern tallgrass prairie ecosystem to decrease precipitation variability for 3 yr (1999-2001). We removed interannual variability in total precipitation plus either 1) interannual variability in the seasonal distribution of precipitation (seasonal distribution) or 2) all additional variability in precipitation, including within-year differences in precipitation (even distribution). Our objective was to determine if decreasing variability in precipitation elicits aboveground biomass and plant diversity responses. Aboveground biomass was harvested in June (peak biomass) and December (end of growing season). Plant species diversity, richness, and evenness were determined each June. Reducing precipitation variability had limited effects on total aboveground biomass, grass and forb biomass, and biomass of key species across the 3 yr of investigation. Species richness, species diversity, species evenness, and functional group richness and diversity all were similar across the precipitation treatments across years. Total aboveground biomass and biomass of the dominant C4 perennial grasses little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) and Indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans) generally were not responsive to the precipitation treatments. However, one species-specific response did occur with the annual forb firewheel (Gaillardia pulchella Foug.) displaying consistent increases in biomass in the seasonal distribution precipitation treatment across all 3 yr. This suggests that increased predictability of precipitation at a given stage of this species's growth can elicit changes in productivity of a single species that are not manifest at the community level due to constraints of the dominant species. These findings indicate that the southern tallgrass prairie ecosystem is adaptable to changes in precipitation to result in relatively stable production that facilitates simpler predictions in response to altered precipitation regimes. C1 [Derner, Justin D.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. [Hickman, Karen R.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Polley, H. Wayne] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Derner, JD (reprint author), 8408 Hildreth Rd, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. EM Justin.Derner@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 24 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 64 IS 4 BP 352 EP 357 DI 10.2111/REM-D-10-00121.1 PG 6 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 795QR UT WOS:000292989400004 ER PT J AU Ray-Mukherjee, J Jones, TA Adler, PB Monaco, TA AF Ray-Mukherjee, Jayanti Jones, Thomas A. Adler, Peter B. Monaco, Thomas A. TI Immature Seedling Growth of Two North American Native Perennial Bunchgrasses and the Invasive Grass Bromus tectorum SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE absolute growth rate; bluebunch wheatgrass; relative growth rate; Snake River wheatgrass; specific leaf area; specific root length ID ROOT LENGTH; BLUEBUNCH WHEATGRASS; GERMINATION; CHEATGRASS; DYNAMICS; PLANT; MASS; TEMPERATURE; COMPETITION; EMERGENCE AB Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) A. Love and Elymus wawawaiensis J. Carlson & Barkworth are two native perennial grasses widely used for restoration in the Intermountain West. However, the rapid establishment and spread of Bromus tectorum L., an invasive annual grass, has led to a decline in the abundance of native perennial grasses. Proliferation of B. tectorum has been attributed to its early germination, superior cold-temperature growth, profuse root production, and high specific leaf area (SLA). To enhance restoration success, we compared B. tectorum to commercially available plant materials of two perennial rangeland bunchgrasses, P. spicata (cv. Whitmar, cv. Goldar, and Anatone Germplasm) and E. wawawaiensis (cv. Secar), for germination, seedling morphological traits, and growth rates at the immature seedling stage. We monitored germination and immature seedling growth in a growth chamber in two separate experiments, one under low (5/10 degrees C) and the other under high (15/20 degrees C) day/night temperatures. Compared to the average of the two perennials, B. tectorum was 93% (77%) greater at high (and low) temperature for root:shoot length ratio, but only 14% (14%) greater for root:shoot biomass ratio and 12% (19%) lower for SLA. This suggests that B. tectorum's substantial investment in surface area of roots, rather than in shoot length, root biomass, or leaf area, may be responsible for the annual's success at the early seedling stage. Compared to E. wawawaiensis, P. spicata averaged 65% (41%) higher shoot biomass, 39% (88%) higher root biomass, and 70% (10%) higher absolute growth rate, but 25% (15%) lower SLA and 15% (36%) lower specific root length (SRL) at high (and low) temperatures, respectively. Although P. spicata's greater productivity may initially make for better seedling establishment than E. wawawaiensis, it may also prove disadvantageous in competitive or highly resource-limited environments where high SLA or SRL could be an advantage. C1 [Ray-Mukherjee, Jayanti] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Jones, Thomas A.; Monaco, Thomas A.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Adler, Peter B.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Adler, Peter B.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Ray-Mukherjee, J (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84321 USA. EM plants@scientist.com RI Adler, Peter/D-3781-2009 FU Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project FX This research has been partially funded by the Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project, and we gratefully acknowledge this contribution by the Bureau of Land Management and the U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 25 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 64 IS 4 BP 358 EP 365 DI 10.2111/REM-D-10-00101.1 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 795QR UT WOS:000292989400005 ER PT J AU Vermeire, LT Roth, AD AF Vermeire, Lance T. Roth, Aaron D. TI Plains Prickly Pear Response to Fire: Effects of Fuel Load, Heat, Fire Weather, and Donor Site Soil SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE duration of heat; logistic regression; maximum temperature; mortality; Opuntia; prescribed fire ID GRAZED SHORTGRASS STEPPE; OPUNTIA-FICUS-INDICA; CENTRAL GREAT-PLAINS; EASTERN AUSTRALIA; MIXED PRAIRIE; PRONGHORN USE; CACTUS PEARS; WINTER FIRES; TEMPERATURE; VEGETATION AB Plains prickly pear (Opuntia polyacantha Haw.) is common throughout the Great Plains and often becomes detrimental to agricultural production on noncultivated lands. We examined direct fire effects on plains prickly pear and mechanisms of tissue damage to facilitate development of fire prescriptions. Cladodes from clones on three soils (claypan, gravelly, silty) were subjected to fire with two weather conditions (moderate, severe) at four fuel loads (1 500, 3 000, 4500, and 6 000 kg . ha(-1)) and a nonburned control. Fire was simulated with field-collected grass, and heat was measured using thermocouples at the soil surface and 8 cm above. Plants were maintained in a greenhouse and monitored for cladode mortality or growth. Cactus response to fire was examined in a field experiment with four nonburned and four summer-burned 0.75-ha plots. Some plants from each treatment sprouted new cladodes. Donor site soil and fire weather effects were limited to mass of new sprouts as they interacted with fuel load. Fire under any condition reduced cactus mass and survival. Reduction in cactus mass increased from 42% with 1 500 kg . ha(-1) to 92% with fuel loads of 3 000 kg . ha(-1) or more. Fuel load, duration of heat, maximum temperature, and degree-seconds were each positively related to mortality, but duration of heat greater than 60 degrees C was the best predictor. Plant mortality was 15% in the field, but number of live cladodes was initially reduced 91%. After one year, number of live cladodes in burned plots was 43% of that in nonburned plots because burned plants sprouted more new cladodes than nonburned plants. Insect and browsing damage occurred on 83% of cladodes in burned plots and only 8% for nonburned plots. Lack of fire weather effects suggests prickly pear control can be achieved under broad fire prescriptions, given the amount of combustible fuel is adequate. C1 [Vermeire, Lance T.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Roth, Aaron D.] USDA NRCS, John Day, OR 97845 USA. RP Vermeire, LT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, 243 Ft Keogh Rd, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM Lance.Vermeire@ars.usda.gov NR 58 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 17 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 64 IS 4 BP 404 EP 413 DI 10.2111/REM-D-10-00172.1 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 795QR UT WOS:000292989400010 ER PT J AU Skinner, RH Wylie, BK Gilmanov, TG AF Skinner, R. H. Wylie, B. K. Gilmanov, T. G. TI Using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index to Estimate Carbon Fluxes from Small Rotationally Grazed Pastures SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION; NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; LIGHT USE EFFICIENCY; DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; CO2 FLUX; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; TEMPERATE GRASSLANDS; EDDY-CORRELATION; LEAF-AREA; ECOSYSTEM AB Satellite-based normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data have been extensively used for estimating gross primary productivity (GPP) and yield of grazing lands throughout the world. However, the usefulness of satellite-based images for monitoring rotationally-grazed pastures in the northeastern United States might be limited because paddock size is oft en smaller than the resolution limits of the satellite image. This research compared NDVI data from satellites with data obtained using a ground-based system capable of fine-scale (submeter) NDVI measurements. Gross primary productivity was measured by eddy covariance on two pastures in central Pennsylvania from 2003 to 2008. Weekly 250-m resolution satellite NDVI estimates were also obtained for each pasture from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor. Ground-based NDVI data were periodically collected in 2006, 2007, and 2008 from one of the two pastures. Multiple-regression and regression-tree estimates of GPP, based primarily on MODIS 7-d NDVI and on-site measurements of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), were generally able to predict growing-season GPP to within an average of 3% of measured values. The exception was drought years when estimated and measured GPP differed from each other by 11 to 13%. Ground-based measurements improved the ability of vegetation indices to capture short-term grazing management effects on GPP. However, the eMODIS product appeared to be adequate for regional GPP estimates where total growing-season GPP across a wide area would be of greater interest than short-term management-induced changes in GPP at individual sites. C1 [Skinner, R. H.] ARS, USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Wylie, B. K.] USGS EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Gilmanov, T. G.] S Dakota State Univ, Dep Biol & Microbiol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Skinner, RH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM howard.skinner@ars.usda.gov RI Wylie, Bruce/H-3182-2014 OI Wylie, Bruce/0000-0002-7374-1083 FU USGS Program of Geographic Analysis and Monitoring (GAM) FX We would like to thank Steve LaMar for data collection at the eddy covariance sites, Jennifer Rover (USGS, EROS) for providing the eMODIS data used in this analysis and funding provided by the USGS Program of Geographic Analysis and Monitoring (GAM). NR 42 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 103 IS 4 BP 972 EP 979 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0495 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 791CD UT WOS:000292637800002 ER PT J AU Gesch, RW Cermak, SC AF Gesch, R. W. Cermak, S. C. TI Sowing Date and Tillage Effects on Fall-Seeded Camelina in the Northern Corn Belt SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SATIVA L CRANTZ; FATTY-ACIDS; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; YIELD; OIL; QUALITY; WINTER; CROP; INFILTRATION; TEMPERATURE AB Camelina (Camelina sativa L.), a member of the Brassicaceae family, can potentially serve as a low-input alternative oil source for advanced biofuels as well as food and other industrial uses. Winter annual camelina genotypes may be economically and environmentally advantageous for the northern Corn Belt, but little is known about their agronomic potential for this region. A 2-yr field study was conducted in western Minnesota to determine optimum fall sowing time for yield and oil content of two winter camelina cultivars in a no-tillage (NT) and chisel-plowed (CP) system. Seeding dates ranged from early September to mid-October. Plants reached 50% flowering as much as 7 d earlier in the NT than the CP system. Plant stands were generally greatest in the NT system, but yields were only greater than those in the CP system during the second year of the study, possibly due to differences in water logging of soil between tillage systems. Seed yield and oil content increased with sowing date up to early October. When sown in October, seed yield and oil content ranged from 419 to 1317 kg ha(-1) and 282 to 420 g kg(-1), respectively. Results indicate that camelina is a viable winter crop for the northern Corn Belt and that seed yields and oil content tended to be greatest when sown in early to mid-October. Moreover, fall-seeded camelina offered good weed suppression without the use of herbicide, supporting the contention that it can be successfully produced with low agricultural inputs. C1 [Gesch, R. W.] ARS, USDA, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Cermak, S. C.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res Lab, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Gesch, RW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM russ.gesch@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 103 IS 4 BP 980 EP 987 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0485 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 791CD UT WOS:000292637800003 ER PT J AU Ibragimov, N Evett, S Esenbekov, Y Khasanova, F Karabaev, I Mirzaev, L Lamers, J AF Ibragimov, Nazar Evett, Steven Esenbekov, Yusupbek Khasanova, Feryuza Karabaev, Ikramjan Mirzaev, Lutfullo Lamers, John TI Permanent Beds vs. Conventional Tillage in Irrigated Arid Central Asia SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; ZERO-TILLAGE; COTTON; YIELD; WHEAT; SYSTEMS; UZBEKISTAN; MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS; NITROGEN AB Limited or no tillage with residue retention on the soil surface has had mixed success in irrigated agricultural systems. The effects of tillage and crop residue management on soil properties and crop yields were studied on a silt loam soil using a rotation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) for 2 yr, followed by cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) for 2 yr. Permanent beds (PB) with limited reshaping and conventional tillage (CT) were compared, each with both 25% residue retention on a mass basis (R25) and 100% residue retention (R100). There was greater soil compaction and consolidation in the 0.2- to 0.3-m depth with the PB system regardless of residue retention practice. Compared with the CT system and the PB+R25 treatment combination, the PB+R100 treatment combination increased the amount of water-stable macroaggregates, however only in the fourth year. The soil organic C in the 0- to 0.4-m depth increased at 0.70 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) in PB+R100 vs. 0.48 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1) in CT+R100. Poor early plant growth and reduced plant population in PB caused decreased water use efficiency (WUE) and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) of maize and cotton grown consecutively in 2006 and 2007. Generally, R100 improved IWUE and WUE, except for cotton in 2007. For PB+R100, cotton seed-lint IWUE in 2008 increased to 0.59 kg m(-3) from 0.41 earlier. Smaller maize and cotton plant populations and cooler soil temperatures at cotton emergence in PB+R100 decreased crop productivity during the first 3 yr. C1 [Evett, Steven] ARS, USDA, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Ibragimov, Nazar; Esenbekov, Yusupbek; Khasanova, Feryuza; Karabaev, Ikramjan; Mirzaev, Lutfullo] Uzbekistan Cotton Res Inst, Kibray Dist, Tashkent Prov, Uzbekistan. [Lamers, John] ZEF, D-53113 Bonn, Germany. RP Evett, S (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM steve.evett@ars.usda.gov RI Yang, Yang/C-7464-2012 FU International Atomic Energy Agency [D1-50-09, CRP-12986 RBF] FX Financial support was provided by the International Atomic Energy Agency coordinated research project "Integrated Soil, Water and Nutrient Management for Conservation Agriculture" D1-50-09, through Contract CRP-12986 RBF. NR 57 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 103 IS 4 BP 1002 EP 1011 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0111 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 791CD UT WOS:000292637800006 ER PT J AU Jaynes, DB Kaspar, TC Colvin, TS AF Jaynes, Dan B. Kaspar, Thomas C. Colvin, Tom S. TI Economically Optimal Nitrogen Rates of Corn: Management Zones Delineated from Soil and Terrain Attributes SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FIELD-SCALE VARIABILITY; SITE-SPECIFIC NITROGEN; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; YIELD RESPONSE; CENTRAL IOWA; FERTILIZER APPLICATION; SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE; IRRIGATED MAIZE; NITRATE LOSS; MODEL AB Much of the NO(3) found in streams in the Midwest comes from leaching of N fertilizers applied to corn (Zea mays L.). To reduce this leaching, N fertilizer must be used more effectively. Dividing fields into areas that respond more uniformly to management is one approach for improving N fertilizer use. The objective of this study was to determine and compare economically optimal N fertilizer rates for corn in a corn-soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation within management zones. A method based on soil and landscape characteristics was used to divide three fields into management zones roughly equivalent to toeslope, footslope, backslope, and shoulder landscape positions. We applied N fertilizer at six rates within replicated small plots (15.1 by 4.5 m) located within each management zone. Yield vs. N rate for each management zone was fitted to the Mitscherlich equation using nonlinear methods. Final Mitscherlich parameters, economically optimal N rates, and their confidence limits were computed for each management zone. Yields at the highest N rate generally followed the pattern of toeslope >= footslope >= backslope >> shoulder among the management zones. Conversely, economically optimal N rates followed the reverse pattern and varied from 23 to 247 kg ha(-1). Thus, yield at the highest N rate was a poor predictor of the optimal N rate for the management zones delineated in this study and N fertilizer application would have been optimized by applying relatively less to the toeslope and footslope management zones and relatively more to the shoulder and backslope management zones. C1 [Jaynes, Dan B.; Kaspar, Thomas C.; Colvin, Tom S.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Jaynes, DB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM dan.jaynes@ars.usda.gov NR 57 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 103 IS 4 BP 1026 EP 1035 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0472 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 791CD UT WOS:000292637800009 ER PT J AU Hunt, ER Daughtry, CST Eitel, JUH Long, DS AF Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr. Daughtry, C. S. T. Eitel, Jan U. H. Long, Dan S. TI Remote Sensing Leaf Chlorophyll Content Using a Visible Band Index SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID COLOR INFRARED PHOTOGRAPHY; HYPERSPECTRAL VEGETATION INDEXES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES MODEL; CROP RESIDUE COVER; NITROGEN STATUS; CANOPY REFLECTANCE; WINTER-WHEAT; PRECISION AGRICULTURE; AERIAL-PHOTOGRAPHY; DIGITAL CAMERA AB Leaf chlorophyll content (mu g cm(-2)) is an important variable for agricultural remote sensing because of its close relationship to leaf N content. The objectives of this study were to develop and test a new index, based on red, green and blue bands, that is sensitive to differences in leaf chlorophyll content at leaf and canopy scales. We propose the triangular greenness index (TGI), which calculates the area of a triangle with vertices: (lambda r, Rr), (lambda g, Rg), and (lambda b, Rb), where lambda is the wavelength (nm) and R is the reflectance for bands in red (r), green (g), and blue (b) wavelengths. The TGI was correlated with chlorophyll content using a variety of leaf and plot reflectance data. Generally, indices using the chlorophyll red-edge (710-730 nm) had higher correlations with chlorophyll content compared to TGI. However, correlations between TGI and chlorophyll content were equal to or higher than broad-band indices, when leaf area index (LAI) was >2. Simulations using the Scattering by Arbitrarily Inclined Leaves (SAIL) canopy model indicate an interaction among TGI, LAI, and soil type at low LAI, whereas at high LAI, TGI was only affected by leaf chlorophyll content. The TGI could be used with low-cost sensors, such as commercially-available digital cameras, for N management by remote sensing. C1 [Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr.; Daughtry, C. S. T.] ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Eitel, Jan U. H.] Univ Idaho, Geospatial Lab Environm Dynam, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Long, Dan S.] ARS, USDA, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. RP Hunt, ER (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Raymond.Hunt@ars.usda.gov NR 70 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 39 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 103 IS 4 BP 1090 EP 1099 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0395 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 791CD UT WOS:000292637800016 ER PT J AU Hedtcke, J Posner, J Coblentz, W Hall, J Walgenbach, R Davidson, J AF Hedtcke, Janet Posner, Joshua Coblentz, Wayne Hall, John Walgenbach, Richard Davidson, Jill TI Orchardgrass Ley for Improved Manure Management in Wisconsin: II. Nutritive Value and Voluntary Intake by Dairy Heifers SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID COMMERCIAL FERTILIZER; FORAGE PRODUCTION; YIELD; COWS; PHOSPHORUS; QUALITY; CORN; AVAILABILITY; LACTATION; REGROWTH AB Confinement dairy feeding operations in the Upper Midwest could benefit from using a wider range of forages than alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and corn silage (Zea mays L.). A short-term ley of orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) (OG) frequently treated with manure, was compared with corn silage (CS) in a 2 x 2 factorial trial conducted across 3 yr at two locations in Wisconsin. Nutrients were applied as either manure (M) or fertilizer (F) to meet crop N needs. Weighted on the basis each cut contributed to the total annual yield of OG, concentrations of crude protein (163 g kg(-1)) and 48-h neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility (657 g kg(-1) NDF) were suitable for incorporation into the diets of dairy cows (Bos taurus) and replacement heifers. Tissue concentrations of P and K were 3.7 and 32.0 g kg(-1), respectively. High tissue concentrations of P can help with soil-test P drawdown, and reduce purchases of supplemental dietary P. Although heavy manuring resulted in high tissue K, especially in late-season cuts, K concentrations were not significantly greater in the hay-production years relative to the seeding year in either M or F. Based on results with 483 +/- 37.6 kg Holstein heifers, there were no differences in voluntary intake by heifers offered commercially fertilized compared to manured OG hays. These results indicate that an OG ley system could be part of a larger alfalfa-corn silage rotation, providing confinement dairies with an alternative forage option, and additional manuring opportunities during summer months. C1 [Hedtcke, Janet; Posner, Joshua] Univ Wisconsin, Agron Dep, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Coblentz, Wayne] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Hall, John] Michael Fields Agr Inst, E Troy, WI 53120 USA. [Walgenbach, Richard] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Prairie Du Sac, WI 53578 USA. [Davidson, Jill] Land OLakes Purina Feed LLC, Gray Summit, MO 63039 USA. RP Hedtcke, J (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Agron Dep, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jlrieste@wisc.edu NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 103 IS 4 BP 1106 EP 1114 DI 10.2134/agronj2011.0054 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 791CD UT WOS:000292637800018 ER PT J AU Russelle, MP Lamb, JFS AF Russelle, Michael P. Lamb, Joann F. S. TI Divergent Alfalfa Root System Architecture is Maintained across Environment and Nutrient Supply SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHORUS ACQUISITION; PHOSPHATE AVAILABILITY; MORPHOLOGY; SOIL; EFFICIENCY; YIELD; DISTRIBUTIONS; ARABIDOPSIS; RESPONSES; PATTERNS AB Plant root system architecture can alter, and be altered by, soil fertility and other environmental conditions. We developed alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) populations selected for tap- or branch-rooted architectures and determined responses to P supply and K placement in field experiments. In Exp. 1, populations representing the parental composite and progeny from first and second cycles of divergent selection were seeded on soils testing low to medium for available P and K, a sandy loam (Becker, MN) and a silt loam (Rosemount, MN). Experiment 2 was conducted at Becker and included only second cycle progeny. Phosphorus was added to one-half of the plots by injection of KH(2)PO(4) (224 kg P ha(-1)) into the upper 40 cm of soil. On the other plots, equal K rates (270 kg K ha-1) as KCl were topdressed. Added P did not affect herbage dry mass in the first and second years following stand establishment, but increased herbage P concentration and uptake at Becker. There was no effect of K placement, but the tap-rooted germplasm had lower K concentration in herbage than the parent. Although progeny did not differ in total root mass, the ratio of thickened-to-total root mass was larger below 30 cm for the tap-rooted selection, which also produced more fine roots. Selected germplasms did not differ in P or K uptake. Selected root system architecture characteristics were expressed under, and apparently not modified by, growing conditions that covered three site-years on two contrasting soils with differential P supply and K placement. C1 [Russelle, Michael P.; Lamb, Joann F. S.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Russelle, MP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, 1991 Upper Buford Cir,Rm 439, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM Michael.Russelle@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 103 IS 4 BP 1115 EP 1123 DI 10.2134/agronj2011.0009 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 791CD UT WOS:000292637800019 ER PT J AU Griffith, SM Banowetz, GM Dick, RP Mueller-Warrant, GW Whittaker, GW AF Griffith, S. M. Banowetz, G. M. Dick, R. P. Mueller-Warrant, G. W. Whittaker, G. W. TI Western Oregon Grass Seed Crop Rotation and Straw Residue Effects on Soil Quality SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-MATTER; MANAGEMENT; NITROGEN; CARBON; CORN; TILLAGE; SYSTEMS; YIELD; USA; DYNAMICS AB Understanding the impact of crop rotation and residue management in grass seed production systems on soil quality and, in particular soil C dynamics, is critical in making long-term soil management decisions supporting farm sustainability. The effects of a 6-yr rotation and residue management (high vs. low residue) on soil quality were investigated at three locations in Oregon, each contrasting in soil drainage classification. The crop rotations were continuous perennial grass seed production, grass/legume seed production, and grass/legume/cereal seed production. The grass species grown at each location were different and represented those most commonly produced in each environment; perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), tall fescue [Schedonorus phoenix (Scop.) Holub], and creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra L.). All three grass seed crop rotations and residue methods maintained high soil quality in conventional or direct seeded soils, but under some situations, soil quality was higher with continuous grass rotation and high residue. Data suggest that straw removal for value-added use, like bioenergy production, can be accomplished in the Pacific Northwest Marine climate without appreciably affecting soil quality. Furthermore, grass seed cropping systems play an important role in soil C storage and enhancement, a valuable ecosystem service in this region where grass seed is produced on land that is not suitable for production of conventional crops that require better-drained soil. We conclude that by nature perennial grass seed crops promote high soil fertility and enriched soil C pools and consequently contribute to the tolerance of these systems to the use of less conservation-oriented crop management methods at times when crop loss could be potentially high. This attribute provides producers greater latitude in selecting soil and crop management options to address issues of soil fertility, pest, weed, or seed certification to minimize economic crop yield losses. C1 [Griffith, S. M.; Banowetz, G. M.; Mueller-Warrant, G. W.; Whittaker, G. W.] ARS, USDA, NFSPRC, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Dick, R. P.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Griffith, SM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NFSPRC, 3450 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM griffits@onid.orst.edu FU Oregon Department of Agriculture [ARF C36-0074-92] FX The authors thank William Gavin for general management of the field research plots used in this experiment. Thanks also to Bob Christy, Scott Culver, Richard Caskey, Kristine Neese, Donald Streeter, Machelle Bamberger, Brad Thompson, Chris Poklemba, and Douglas Bilsland for technical assistance. This research was funded in part by grants from the Oregon Department of Agriculture, Alternatives to Field Burning research program (Grant no. ARF C36-0074-92). We are most grateful to Bruce Jaquet, Dwight Coon, and Mike Coon for use of their farms while we conducted this research. Thank you is also given to Mark Mellbye, Gale Gingrich, and William Young for hosting extension field tours of our research. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 103 IS 4 BP 1124 EP 1131 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0504 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 791CD UT WOS:000292637800020 ER PT J AU Blaser, BC Singer, JW Gibson, LR AF Blaser, Brock C. Singer, Jeremy W. Gibson, Lance R. TI Winter Cereal Canopy Effect on Cereal and Interseeded Legume Productivity SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WHEAT TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; RED-CLOVER; COVER CROPS; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; YIELD COMPONENTS; GRAIN-YIELD; GROWTH; CORN; SOIL; ESTABLISHMENT AB Interseeding red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) or alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) into winter cereals in the North Central United States can provide forage and a green manure crop. We hypothesized that winter cereal canopy traits such as leaf area index (LAI) and whole plant dry matter (DM) would influence interseeded legume establishment and productivity, yet the effect of canopy traits on resource competition in intercropping systems is not well understood. This study was conducted from 2005 to 2007 to evaluate the impact of diverse cereal canopy traits on the establishment of frost-seeded legume intercrops. In March, red clover and alfalfa were frost-seeded into three winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and three triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) varieties selected for differences in maximum LAI, plant height, and DM. Across three growing seasons, the cereals produced a range of LAI from 2.1 to 6.2 and whole plant harvest DM of 817 to 2029 g m(-2). In the 2 yr with legume data, densities were influenced by cereal 1 yr and DM was affected by cereal both years. Alfalfa and red clover densities were similar, yet DM production was 42% higher in red clover 40 d after grain harvest. The presence of a legume intercrop did not affect grain yield, but reduced weed densities and weed DM 40 d aft er harvest. Producers implementing this intercrop may select cereal varieties based on grain yield, but must be cautious of varieties known to produce above normal LAI values because of the potential to reduce legume productivity. C1 [Blaser, Brock C.] W Texas A&M Univ, Dep Agr Sci, Canyon, TX 79106 USA. [Singer, Jeremy W.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Gibson, Lance R.] Pioneer HiBred Int Inc, Johnston, IA 50131 USA. RP Blaser, BC (reprint author), W Texas A&M Univ, Dep Agr Sci, Canyon, TX 79106 USA. EM bblaser@wtamu.edu NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 103 IS 4 BP 1180 EP 1185 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0506 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 791CD UT WOS:000292637800026 ER PT J AU Singer, JW Kohler, KA Meek, DW AF Singer, Jeremy W. Kohler, Keith A. Meek, David W. TI Minimizing Interspecific Competition in Soybean by Optimizing Cover Crop Self-Seeding SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CORN-BELT; GROWTH; RUNOFF AB Developing self-seeding cover crop systems that minimize interspecific competition with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are possible if cover crop growth is restricted to optimize cover crop seed production and dispersal. The objectives of this research were to quantify cover crop seed production, viability, and self-seeding when growing concurrently with soybean. Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack), and rye (Secale cereale L.) were seeded at two target rates (99 and 198 seeds m(-2)). Three seed dispersal methods (natural seed rain, simulated combine, and mechanical preharvest) were also tested to disperse mature cover crop seed. Wheat combined with mechanical seed dispersal before soybean harvest exhibited the greatest consistency in self-seeding (171 and 123 plants m-2 in 2007 and 2008) regardless of establishment seeding rate. Additionally, wheat averaged 51 and 32% green groundcover in the fall of 2007 and 2008. Wheat seed viability (>82%) exceeded rye and triticale at soybean harvest, approximately 60 to 80 d after seed maturity. Cover crop species or establishment seeding rate did not affect soybean seed yield either year. Averaged across seeding rate and seed dispersal treatments, wheat self-seeding systems exhibit the greatest potential for adoption, although soybean yield was 27% lower in 1 of 2 yr compared with a no cover crop control. C1 [Singer, Jeremy W.; Kohler, Keith A.; Meek, David W.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Singer, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jeremy.singer@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 18 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 103 IS 4 BP 1186 EP 1191 DI 10.2134/agronj2011.0045 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 791CD UT WOS:000292637800027 ER PT J AU Wienhold, BJ Varvel, GE Jin, VL AF Wienhold, Brian J. Varvel, Gary E. Jin, Virginia L. TI Corn Cob Residue Carbon and Nutrient Dynamics during Decomposition SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; AIR-TEMPERATURE; GRAIN-YIELD; SOIL; CROP; STOVER; REMOVAL; TILLAGE; HARVEST AB The cob fraction of corn (Zea mays L.) residue has characteristics that reduce concerns associated with residue removal making it a potential biofuel feedstock. The contribution the cob makes to soil C and nutrient dynamics is unknown. A litterbag study was conducted in no-tillage plots under irrigated and rainfed conditions in eastern Nebraska. Litterbags containing cobs were placed in corn rows on the soil surface or vertically in the 0- to 10-cm soil depth following grain harvest and collected aft er 63, 122, 183, 246, 304, and 370 d. Samples were analyzed for dry matter, C, N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn. Dry matter loss was greater for buried (59% loss rainfed site vs. 64% irrigated site) than surface cobs (49% loss rainfed site vs. 42% irrigated site). Cob N, P, S, content did not change over the duration of the study and these nutrients would play a limited role in nutrition for the subsequent crop. Cob K content declined exponentially over the study suggesting that cob K would be available to the subsequent crop. Cob Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu content increased during the study representing immobilization. With the exception of K, nutrients contained in the cob are immobilized the year following harvest and play a minor role in mineral nutrition of the subsequent crop. As cellulosic conversion technology becomes available cobs represent a feedstock that can be harvested with minor effect on crop nutrient availability. C1 [Wienhold, Brian J.; Varvel, Gary E.; Jin, Virginia L.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, AMRU, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Wienhold, BJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, AMRU, Keim Hall,East Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Brian.Wienhold@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 103 IS 4 BP 1192 EP 1197 DI 10.2134/agronj2011.0002 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 791CD UT WOS:000292637800028 ER PT J AU Builes, VHR Porch, TG Harmsen, EW AF Builes, V. H. Ramirez Porch, T. G. Harmsen, E. W. TI Genotypic Differences in Water Use Efficiency of Common Bean under Drought Stress SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; PENMAN-MONTEITH MODEL; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; TRANSPIRATION EFFICIENCY; HARVEST INDEX; GRAIN-YIELD; ROOT-GROWTH; SEED YIELD; RESISTANCE; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AB Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is extensively grown in production zones where water is limiting. Crop water use efficiency is the ratio of biomass or seed yield produced per unit of water evapotranspired in a particular environment. Transpiration efficiency (TE) is the ratio of yield per unit of water transpired. The objectives of this study were to: (i) determine the water use efficiency (WUE) for six common bean genotypes (BAT 477, Morales, SEN 3, SEN 21, SER 16, and SER 21) in the greenhouse and for two genotypes in the field (Morales and SER 16) and (ii) determine TE for two common bean genotypes using estimated evapotranspiration rates in the field. Three greenhouse trials and two field trials were conducted during 3 yr in Puerto Rico. Three water levels in the greenhouse and two in the field were applied. Actual evapotranspiration was estimated using the generalized Penman-Monteith model based on aerodynamic and surface resistance, and with drainage type lysimeters in the field. Differences among genotypes for WUE were found in the greenhouse experiments, with SEN 3 and SER 21 showing superior WUE in several treatments. In the field, TE and WUE were affected by water level, and TE was consistent with previously reported coefficients for common bean. C1 [Porch, T. G.] USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Builes, V. H. Ramirez] Ctr Nacl Invest Cafe, Manizales, Colombia. [Harmsen, E. W.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dep Agr & Biosyst Engn, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. RP Porch, TG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. EM timothy.porch@ars.usda.gov FU USDA [TSTAR-100]; University of Puerto Rico; NASA-EPSCoR [NCC5-595] FX This research was supported by the USDA-TSTAR Program (TSTAR-100), and the University of Puerto Rico received additional support from NASA-EPSCoR (NCC5-595). We thank Abraham Montes, Adolfo Quiles, and Carlos Almodovar for their assistance with the field trials. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. NR 59 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 103 IS 4 BP 1206 EP 1215 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0370 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 791CD UT WOS:000292637800030 ER PT J AU White, JW Hoogenboom, G Wilkens, PW Stackhouse, PW Hoel, JM AF White, Jeffrey W. Hoogenboom, Gerrit Wilkens, Paul W. Stackhouse, Paul W., Jr. Hoel, James M. TI Evaluation of Satellite-Based, Modeled-Derived Daily Solar Radiation Data for the Continental United States SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE; YIELD; PRECIPITATION; ASSIMILATION; IRRADIANCE; SIMULATION; CLIMATE; IMPACT AB Decision support tools for agriculture oft en require meteorological data as inputs, but data availability and quality are oft en problematic. Difficulties arise with daily solar radiation (SRAD) because the instruments require electronic integrators, accurate sensors are expensive, and calibration standards are seldom available. NASA's Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources (NASA/POWER; power.larc.nasa.gov) project estimates SRAD based on satellite observations and atmospheric parameters obtained from satellite observations and assimilation models. These data are available for a global 1 degrees x 1 degrees coordinate grid. The SRAD can also be generated from atmospheric attenuation of extraterrestrial radiation (Q(0)). We compared daily solar radiation data from NASA/POWER (SRAD(NP)) with instrument readings from 295 stations (observed values of daily solar radiation, SRAD(OB)) and values estimated by Weather Generator for Solar Radiation (WGENR) generator. Two sources of air temperature and precipitation records provided inputs to WGENR: the stations reporting solar data and the NOAA Cooperative Observer Program (COOP) stations. The resulting data were identified as solar radiation valaues obtained using the Weather Generator for Solar Radiation soft ware in conjunction with daily weather data from the stations providing values of observed values of daily solar radiation (SRAD(WG)) and solar radiation values obtained using the Weather Generator for Solar Radiation soft ware in conjunction with daily weather data from NOAA COOP stations (SRAD(CO)), respectively. Values of SRAD(NP) for individual grid cells consistently showed higher correlations (typically 0.85-0.95) with SRADOB than did SRAD(WG) or SRAD(CO). Mean values of SRAD(OB), SRAD(WG), and SRAD(NP) for a grid cell usually were within 1 MJ m(-2) d(-1) of each other, but NASA/POWER values averaged 1.1 MJ m(-2) d(-1) lower than SRAD(OB). This bias increased at lower latitudes and during summer months and is partially explained by assumptions about ambient aerosol properties. The NASA/POWER solar data are a promising resource for studies requiring realistic accounting of historic variation. C1 [White, Jeffrey W.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Hoogenboom, Gerrit] Univ Georgia, Dep Biol & Agr Eng, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Wilkens, Paul W.] Int Fertilizer Dev Ctr, Muscle Shoals, AL 35662 USA. [Stackhouse, Paul W., Jr.] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. [Hoel, James M.] SSAI Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23666 USA. RP White, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Ln, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM jeffrey.white@ars.usda.gov RI Hoogenboom, Gerrit/F-3946-2010 OI Hoogenboom, Gerrit/0000-0002-1555-0537 FU NASA Langley Research Center with Science Systems and Applications, Inc. [NN07AA00C]; U.S. Department of Agriculture-National Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA) FX We acknowledge the valuable assistance of Belinda Wernau and Samuel Wright in processing of the station data. Portions of this work were funded by a grant from the NASA Langley Research Center under Contract NN07AA00C with Science Systems and Applications, Inc. and a Special Research Grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture-National Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA). NR 30 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 103 IS 4 BP 1242 EP 1251 DI 10.2134/agronj2011.0038 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 791CD UT WOS:000292637800034 ER PT J AU Allen, BL Pikul, JL Waddell, JT Cochran, VL AF Allen, Brett L. Pikul, Joseph L., Jr. Waddell, Jed T. Cochran, Verlan L. TI Long-Term Lentil Green-Manure Replacement for Fallow in the Semiarid Northern Great Plains SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL-WATER CONTENT; CROPPING SYSTEM; WHEAT ROTATIONS; WINTER-WHEAT; PULSE CROPS; NITROGEN; TILLAGE; YIELD; CARBON; SASKATCHEWAN AB Summer fallow results in inefficient precipitation use and could potentially be replaced with a green manure (GM) crop that reduces fertilizer N application. A 12-yr study on a Williams loam (fine-loamy, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic Argiustoll) was used to determine GM impacts on soil-N fertility, soil organic carbon (SOC), water use, yield, and water productivity (WP) of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus cultivar Indianhead) was grown in rotation with nonfertilized spring wheat and killed either mechanically (GMMF) or chemically (GMCF). Inorganic N fertilizer treatments included annually cropped wheat (ACW), and wheat-fallow rotations (WFR) with mechanical (MF) or chemical (CF) fallow management. Low soil nitrate during the first 5 yr of the study resulted in a 33% decrease (P < 0.05) in wheat yield in GM compared to WFR. During the latter 6 yr, wheat yield differed by 2%, due to 26% greater spring soil nitrate (0-0.6 m) in GM than WFR, and growing season change in nitrate N showed a 2.2-fold N-cycling advantage of GM over WFR. Water use during nonwheat periods was similar in GM and WFR when lentil was killed at full bloom, but when grown to lower pod set GM used 20% more water than WFR. Aft er 11 yr, SOC in the surface 15 cm was 9.1% greater in treatments with chemical management than those with mechanical management. Green manure, with proper management, maintains WP and off sets fertilizer N needs aft er about three cropping cycles compared with traditional wheat-fallow rotations. C1 [Allen, Brett L.] USDA ARS, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Pikul, Joseph L., Jr.] USDA ARS, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Cochran, Verlan L.] USDA ARS, Palouse, WA 99161 USA. RP Allen, BL (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM brett.allen@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 103 IS 4 BP 1292 EP 1298 DI 10.2134/agronj2010.0410 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 791CD UT WOS:000292637800041 ER PT J AU Adams, CK Saenz, D Conner, RN AF Adams, Cory K. Saenz, Daniel Conner, Richard N. TI Palatability of Twelve Species of Anuran Larvae in Eastern Texas SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID AQUATIC INSECT PREDATORS; BUFO-MARINUS; RELATIVE PALATABILITIES; ONTOGENIC VARIATION; CHEMICAL DEFENSES; AMPHIBIAN EGGS; TOAD TADPOLES; SALAMANDER; COMPETITION; COMMUNITY AB We tested the palatability of 12 species of anuran larvae that occur in eastern Texas using four common predators. Palatability was determined by offering larvae to predators and recording the behavior of the predator. We also tested for ontogenetic shifts in palatability in twelve species of anuran larvae. Incilius nebulifer, Anaxyrus woodhousii, Lithobates catesbeianus, L. clamitans and L. sphenocephalus all showed evidence of unpalatability in laboratory experiments. These noxious larval anurans also showed ontogenetic shifts in palatability to one or more predators by becoming more palatable throughout development. Predator tolerance to noxiousness also played a key role in predation trials. Bluegills were the least tolerant, followed by green sunfish and dragonfly larvae. Crayfish had the highest tolerance to noxiousness. C1 [Adams, Cory K.; Saenz, Daniel; Conner, Richard N.] US Forest Serv, Wildlife Habitat & Silviculture Lab, So Res Stn, USDA, Nacogdoches, TX 75965 USA. RP Adams, CK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Wildlife Habitat & Silviculture Lab, So Res Stn, USDA, 506 Hayter St, Nacogdoches, TX 75965 USA. EM coryadams@fs.fed.us FU Texas Herpetological Society; Stephen F. Austin State University Biology Department FX We thank N. E. Koerth for advice and help with the analyses for this study. We also thank T. J. Hibbits, D. B. Burt and L. D. McBrayer for constructive comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. We also thank the Texas Herpetological Society and Stephen F. Austin State University Biology Department for partial funding. All research was conducted under scientific permit number SPR-0490-059 issued by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department. All research followed "Guidelines for Use of Live Amphibians and Reptiles in Field and Laboratory Research" (2004; American Society of Ichthyologist and Herpetologists, The Herpetologists' League and the Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles). NR 49 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST PI NOTRE DAME PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, BOX 369, ROOM 295 GLSC, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA SN 0003-0031 EI 1938-4238 J9 AM MIDL NAT JI Am. Midl. Nat. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 166 IS 1 BP 211 EP 223 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 793ER UT WOS:000292803700017 ER PT J AU Cardoza, RE Malmierca, MG Hermosa, MR Alexander, NJ McCormick, SP Proctor, RH Tijerino, AM Rumbero, A Monte, E Gutierrez, S AF Cardoza, R. E. Malmierca, M. G. Hermosa, M. R. Alexander, N. J. McCormick, S. P. Proctor, R. H. Tijerino, A. M. Rumbero, A. Monte, E. Gutierrez, S. TI Identification of Loci and Functional Characterization of Trichothecene Biosynthesis Genes in Filamentous Fungi of the Genus Trichoderma SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-CELL LINES; FUSARIUM-SPOROTRICHIOIDES; T-2 TOXIN; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; SECONDARY METABOLISM; MYROTHECIUM-RORIDUM; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; GIBBERELLA-ZEAE; HARZIANUM-A; CLUSTER AB Trichothecenes are mycotoxins produced by Trichoderma, Fusarium, and at least four other genera in the fungal order Hypocreales. Fusarium has a trichothecene biosynthetic gene (TRI) cluster that encodes transport and regulatory proteins as well as most enzymes required for the formation of the mycotoxins. However, little is known about trichothecene biosynthesis in the other genera. Here, we identify and characterize TRI gene orthologues (tri) in Trichoderma arundinaceum and Trichoderma brevicompactum. Our results indicate that both Trichoderma species have a tri cluster that consists of orthologues of seven genes present in the Fusarium TRI cluster. Organization of genes in the cluster is the same in the two Trichoderma species but differs from the organization in Fusarium. Sequence and functional analysis revealed that the gene (tri5) responsible for the first committed step in trichothecene biosynthesis is located outside the cluster in both Trichoderma species rather than inside the cluster as it is in Fusarium. Heterologous expression analysis revealed that two T. arundinaceum cluster genes (tri4 and tri11) differ in function from their Fusarium orthologues. The Tatri4-encoded enzyme catalyzes only three of the four oxygenation reactions catalyzed by the orthologous enzyme in Fusarium. The Tatri11-encoded enzyme catalyzes a completely different reaction (trichothecene C-4 hydroxylation) than the Fusarium orthologue (trichothecene C-15 hydroxylation). The results of this study indicate that although some characteristics of the tri/TRI cluster have been conserved during evolution of Trichoderma and Fusarium, the cluster has undergone marked changes, including gene loss and/or gain, gene rearrangement, and divergence of gene function. C1 [Cardoza, R. E.; Malmierca, M. G.; Gutierrez, S.] Univ Leon, Area Microbiol, Univ Sch Agr Engineers, Ponferrada 24400, Spain. [Hermosa, M. R.; Tijerino, A. M.; Monte, E.] Univ Salamanca, Dept Genet & Microbiol, Spanish Portuguese Ctr Agr Res CIALE, Salamanca 37007, Spain. [Alexander, N. J.; McCormick, S. P.; Proctor, R. H.] USDA ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogen & Mycol Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Rumbero, A.] Autonomous Univ Madrid, Fac Sci, Dept Organ Chem, E-28049 Madrid, Spain. RP Gutierrez, S (reprint author), Univ Leon, Area Microbiol, Univ Sch Agr Engineers, Campus Ponferrada,Avda Astorga S-N, Ponferrada 24400, Spain. EM s.gutierrez@unileon.es RI Gutierrez, Santiago/H-6456-2015; Monte, Enrique/A-9008-2017; Hermosa, Rosa/A-9409-2017 OI Gutierrez, Santiago/0000-0001-6659-1390; Monte, Enrique/0000-0002-0166-5181; Hermosa, Rosa/0000-0003-4758-5838 FU Junta de Castilla y Leon [GR67]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [AGL2006-05660, AGL2009-13431-C01, AGL2009-13431-C02, AP2007-02835] FX Research project funding was from Junta de Castilla y Leon (GR67) and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (AGL2006-05660, AGL2009-13431-C01 and AGL2009-13431-C02). M. Gomez was awarded an FPU fellowship by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (AP2007-02835). NR 60 TC 34 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 77 IS 14 BP 4867 EP 4877 DI 10.1128/AEM.00595-11 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 789IZ UT WOS:000292510400019 PM 21642405 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Zhong, Q Wang, SQ Cai, ZY AF Liu, Ye Zhong, Quin Wang, Siqun Cai, Zhiyiong TI Correlating Physical Changes and Enhanced Enzymatic Saccharification of Pine Flour Pretreated by N-Methylmorpholine-N-oxide SO BIOMACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; MICROBIAL PRETREATMENT; SUGARCANE BAGASSE; CELLULOSE; HYDROLYSIS; FEATURES; DIGESTIBILITY; FERMENTATION; TECHNOLOGIES; KINETICS AB Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass by N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO), a solvent used in the textile industry to dissolve cellulose for production of regenerated cellulose fibers, was observed to enhance significantly enzymatic saccharification and fermentation. The enhancement was speculated to have been caused by reduced cellulose crystallinity after dissolution and precipitation processes. This work focused on assessing several physical changes and their correlations to enzymatic saccharification of pine flour after NMMO pretreatment. Results from microstructure, surface chemical composition, and cellulose accessibility complementarily illustrated the enrichment of cellulose on pine flour surface after NMMO pretreatment. Cellulose accessibility was highly correlated to the overall glucan conversion rate. Changes in crystallinity were correlated to the initial hydrolysis rate but not overall glucan conversion rate. Findings from this work may contribute to lignocellulosic bioenergy from development of novel pretreatment technologies utilizing NMMO. C1 [Zhong, Quin] Univ Tennessee, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Liu, Ye] Wuhan Polytech Univ, Dept Environm Chem & Engn, Wuhan 430023, Peoples R China. [Wang, Siqun] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Renewable Carbon, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Cai, Zhiyiong] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Zhong, Q (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM qzhong@utk.edu FU USDA Forest Service FX Funding of this work was provided by the USDA Forest Service via a grant from the 2008 Biomass R&D Program. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1525-7797 J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES JI Biomacromolecules PD JUL PY 2011 VL 12 IS 7 BP 2626 EP 2632 DI 10.1021/bm2004302 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 790VG UT WOS:000292617700024 PM 21650181 ER PT J AU O'Sullivan, BP Torres, B Conidi, G Smole, S Gauthier, C Stauffer, KE Glass, MB Gee, JE Blaney, D Smith, TL AF O'Sullivan, Brian P. Torres, Brenda Conidi, Giuseppe Smole, Sandra Gauthier, Cheryl Stauffer, Kendra E. Glass, Mindy B. Gee, Jay E. Blaney, David Smith, Theresa L. TI Burkholderia pseudomallei Infection in a Child With Cystic Fibrosis Acquisition in the Western Hemisphere SO CHEST LA English DT Article ID MELIOIDOSIS; PATIENT AB Melioidosis, an infection caused by the bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, is endemic to Southeast Asia and northern Australia but is only very rarely seen in patients in the United States. We report pulmonary B pseudomallei infection in a young girl with cystic fibrosis (CF) who had never traveled to Asia or Australia. Biochemical and epidemiologic investigation determined Aruba as the likely site of disease acquisition. This report highlights the ability of patients with CF to acquire this organism outside of Southeast Asia and describes an aggressive treatment regimen that has kept this patient culture-negative for the organism over a long period of time. CHEST 2011; 140(1):239-242 C1 [O'Sullivan, Brian P.] UMass Mem Hlth Care, Dept Pediat, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. [O'Sullivan, Brian P.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Worcester, MA USA. [Torres, Brenda] UMass Mem Hlth Care, Dept Lab Sci, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. [Conidi, Giuseppe] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Immunizat, Bur Infect Dis, Jamaica Plain, MA USA. [Smole, Sandra; Gauthier, Cheryl] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Bur Lab Sci, William A Hinton State Lab Inst, Jamaica Plain, MA USA. [Stauffer, Kendra E.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. [Glass, Mindy B.; Gee, Jay E.; Blaney, David; Smith, Theresa L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP O'Sullivan, BP (reprint author), UMass Mem Hlth Care, Dept Pediat, 55 Lake Ave, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. EM osullivb@ummhc.org NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JUL PY 2011 VL 140 IS 1 BP 239 EP 242 DI 10.1378/chest.10-3336 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 793BZ UT WOS:000292796700038 PM 21729895 ER PT J AU D'Antonio, CM Hughes, RF Tunison, JT AF D'Antonio, Carla M. Hughes, R. F. Tunison, J. T. TI Long-term impacts of invasive grasses and subsequent fire in seasonally dry Hawaiian woodlands SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE alien species; biological invasions; climate; grass/fire cycle; Hawaiian dry forest; invader impacts; long-term impacts, Melinis minutiflora; Morella faya; nitrogen limitation; plant succession; Schizachyrium condensatum ID VOLCANOS NATIONAL-PARK; PLANT INVASIONS; EXOTIC GRASSES; C-4 GRASSES; MYRICA-FAYA; ECOSYSTEM DEVELOPMENT; SOPHONIA-RUFOFASCIA; BIOLOGICAL INVASION; NITROGEN DYNAMICS; BANKS PENINSULA AB Invasive nonnative grasses have altered the composition of seasonally dry shrublands and woodlands throughout the world. In many areas they coexist with native woody species until fire occurs, after which they become dominant. Yet it is not clear how long their impacts persist in the absence of further fire. We evaluated the long-term impacts of grass invasions and subsequent fire in seasonally dry submontane habitats on Hawai'i, USA. We recensused transects in invaded unburned woodland and woodland that had burned in exotic grass-fueled fires in 1970 and 1987 and had last been censused in 1991. In the unburned woodlands, we found that the dominant understory grass invader, Schizachyrium condensatum, had declined by; similar to 40%, while native understory species were abundant and largely unchanged from measurements 17 years ago. In burned woodland, exotic grass cover also declined, but overall values remained high and recruitment of native species was poor. Sites that had converted to exotic grassland after a 1970 fire remained dominated by exotic grasses with no increase in native cover despite 37 years without fire. Grass-dominated sites that had burned twice also showed limited recovery despite 20 years of fire suppression. We found limited evidence for "invasional meltdown": Exotic richness remained low across burned sites, and the dominant species in 1991, Melinis minutiflora, is still dominant today. Twice-burned sites are, however, being invaded by the nitrogen-fixing tree Morella faya, an introduced species with the potential to greatly alter the successional trajectory on young volcanic soils. In summary, despite decades of fire suppression, native species show little recovery in burned Hawaiian woodlands. Thus, burned sites appear to be beyond a threshold for "natural recovery" (e.g., passive restoration). C1 [D'Antonio, Carla M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Environm Studies Program, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Hughes, R. F.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Tunison, J. T.] Hawaii Volcanoes Natl Pk, Resource Management, Hawaii Cty, HI 96785 USA. RP D'Antonio, CM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Environm Studies Program, 4312L Bren, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM dantonio@es.ucsb.edu FU Schuyler Endowment (UCSB); USFS FX The authors thank the following people for field assistance: A. Ainsworth, L. Pratt, and S. Yelenik. Site access was provided by Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park. The HAVO Fire Cache and Resource Management staff provided climate data. These data were processed and summarized by V. Vincent (UCSB), who also assisted enormously with the transect data. In 2007, funding was provided by the Schuyler Endowment (UCSB), and the USFS. Funding in 1991 was provided by P. Vitousek. Two anonymous reviewers provided valuable feedback. NR 60 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 57 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 21 IS 5 BP 1617 EP 1628 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 792RF UT WOS:000292766100015 PM 21830706 ER PT J AU Browning, DM Archer, SR AF Browning, Dawn M. Archer, Steven R. TI Protection from livestock fails to deter shrub proliferation in a desert landscape with a history of heavy grazing SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE arid rangelands; land cover change; land use legacy; livestock grazing; mesquite; Prosopis velutina; shrub encroachment; shrub proliferation; Sonoran Desert; woody biomass ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTHERN CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; SOUTHERN NEW-MEXICO; AFRICAN SAVANNAS; SEMIDESERT GRASSLAND; WOODY COVER; ENCROACHMENT; DYNAMICS; CARBON; FIRE AB Desertification is often characterized by the replacement of mesophytic grasses with xerophytic shrubs. Livestock grazing is considered a key driver of shrub encroachment, although most evidence is anecdotal or confounded by other factors. Mapping of velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina) shrubs in and out of exclosures in 1932, 1948, and 2006 in semiarid grasslands of southeastern Arizona, USA, afforded the opportunity to quantify livestock grazing effects on mesquite proliferation over 74 years in the absence of fire to test the widespread assumption that livestock grazing promotes shrub proliferation. In 1932, shrub cover, density, and aboveground biomass were compared on grazed (12%, 173 plants/ha, 4182 kg/ha) and newly protected areas (8%, 203 plants/ha, 3119 kg/ha). By 1948, cover on both areas increased to similar to 18%; yet, density on the protected area increased 300% (to 620 plants/ha), nearly twice that of the grazed area (325 plants/ha). From 1932 to 1948, differences in recruitment of new plants and growth of existing plants were reflected in biomass, which was higher on the protected area (415 plants/ha, 8788 kg/ha) relative to the grazed area (155 plants/ha, 7085 kg/ha), although mortality was equally low (similar to 0.06%). In 2006, 42 years after an herbicide application reset mesquite cover to similar to 10% on both areas, aboveground mesquite mass was comparable on both areas (similar to 4700 kg/ha), but cover and density on the protected area (22%, 960 plants/ha) exceeded that on the grazed area (15%, 433 plants/ha). Mesquite mass in 2006 was substantially below 1948 levels, so continued accrual is likely. That shrub recovery from herbicides on a biomass basis was much less than recovery on a cover basis suggests that remotely sensed biomass estimates should integrate land management history. Contrary to widely held assumptions, protection from livestock since 1932 not only failed to deter woody-plant proliferation, but actually promoted it relative to grazed areas. Results suggest (1) that thresholds for grassland resistance to shrub encroachment had been crossed by the 1930s, and (2) fire management rather than grazing management may be key to maintaining grassland physiognomy in this bioclimatic region. C1 [Browning, Dawn M.; Archer, Steven R.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Browning, DM (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, POB 30003,MSC 3JER, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM dbrownin@nmsu.edu FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [FP-91637801-3]; NASA [NAG5-11238]; NSF [DEB-9981723]; TE Grant FX The legacy of W. McGinnies and G. Glendening is recognized and extraordinary. Historical maps were provided by the SRER Archive Database. R. Wu, C. McMurtry, H. Cox, D. King, K. Lee, and J. Archer assisted with field data collection, and R. Wu's efforts compiling historical data are commended. Funding was provided through the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) STAR Graduate Fellowship FP-91637801-3 to D. M. Browning; and NASA Grant NAG5-11238 and NSF Grant DEB-9981723 to S. R. Archer. The EPA has not officially endorsed this publication, and the views expressed herein may not reflect the views of the EPA. A T&E Grant for Conservation Research funded the 2006 field survey. We thank K. Predick, M. McClaran, K. Havstad, and two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful suggestions on the manuscript. NR 84 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 41 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 21 IS 5 BP 1629 EP 1642 PG 14 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 792RF UT WOS:000292766100016 PM 21830707 ER PT J AU Aguilar-Tipacamu, G Rosario-Cruz, R Miller, RJ Guerrero, FD Rodriguez-Vivas, RI Garcia-Vazquez, Z AF Aguilar-Tipacamu, G. Rosario-Cruz, R. Miller, Robert J. Guerrero, Felix D. Rodriguez-Vivas, R. I. Garcia-Vazquez, Z. TI Phenotype changes inherited by crossing pyrethroid susceptible and resistant genotypes from the cattle tick Riphicephalus (Boophilus) microplus SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acaricides; Tick control; Kdr; Point mutations; Sodium channel ID INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; IXODIDAE; ACARI; COUMAPHOS; MUTATION; STRAINS; YUCATAN; MEXICO AB Dialelic crosses and backcrosses of pyrethroid resistant (RR) and susceptible (SS) Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus tick strains were carried out and the substitution (Phe-Ile) within the sodium channel gene was monitored in order to analyze the effects of the genotype on the pyrethroid resistance phenotype as measured by the larval packet test (LPT). Parental strains: susceptible (SS) and resistant (RR); dialelic crosses: RS (male RR x female SS), and SR (male SS x female RR); and backcrosses: RS x SS, RS x RR, SR x SS and SR x RR were infested on 280 kg calves. Resistance type (monogenic or polygenic) and effective dominance were determined based on the discriminant concentration (DC) for cipermethrine (0.5%), deltamethrine (0.09%) and flumethrine (0.01%). Allele specific PCR (AS-PCR) was used for genotyping, looking at a sodium channel mutation (Phe-Ile substitution). The mortality rates and allele frequency of susceptible and pyrethroid resistant reference strains were 0% mortality and 90% RR alleles for resistant strain, and 100% mortality and 0% RR alleles as measured by the larval packet test (LPT) and allele specific PCR (AS-PCR) respectively. Backcrossed strain SR x RR showed an effective dominance (D(ML)) of 0.605 for cypermethrin, 0.639 for deltamethrin and 0.498 for flumethrin, while survival of backcrosses RS x SS, RS x RR and SR x SS showed a significant tendency to recesivity. Backcrossed strain SR x RR (69.4%) also showed a higher RR genotype frequency with regards to RS x SS (25.5%), RS x RR (36.7%) and SR x SS (32.0%), however, susceptible allele was inherited in general as an incomplete dominant trait. Monogenic inheritance hypothesis was tested and the results showed monogenic inheritance for cypermethrin and flumethrin (P < 0.05) but not for deltamethrin (P > 0.05). However, significant correlation was found between RR genotype and the survival rate for all three pyrethroids used (P < 0.05), suggesting that a single substitution on the sodium channel gene can be responsible for resistance to pyrethroids as a class, due to the high frequency for RR genotypes. Combination with different mutations or metabolic resistance mechanisms cannot be excluded. C1 [Rosario-Cruz, R.; Garcia-Vazquez, Z.] CENID PAVET, INIFAP, Jiutepec 62550, Morelos, Mexico. [Aguilar-Tipacamu, G.] FMVZ UNACH, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico. [Miller, Robert J.] ARS, Cattle Fever Ticks Res Lab, USDA, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [Guerrero, Felix D.] ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insect Res Lab, USDA, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Rodriguez-Vivas, R. I.] FMVZ UADY, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. RP Rosario-Cruz, R (reprint author), CENID PAVET, INIFAP, Carr Fed Cuernavaca Cuautla 8534, Jiutepec 62550, Morelos, Mexico. EM rockdrig@yahoo.com.mx FU Mexican National Council of Science and Technology; Universidad Autonoma de Chiapas; Mexican National Council of Science and Technology [90195]; FOMIX [92367/2008-1] FX Special aknowledments to Edgar Castro Saines, Delia Ines Dominguez Garcia and Mary Tijerina for their technical assistance and We acknowledge the Mexican National Council of Science and Technology and the Universidad Autonoma de Chiapas for the scholarship granted to Gabriela Aguilar Tipacamu for her pursued doctoral degree at the Veterinary Medicine College from the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. This project was partially funded by the Mexican National Council of Science and Technology through the Complementary financial support program contract No. 90195 and FOMIX Guerrero contract No. 92367/2008-1 both granted to Dr. Rodrigo Rosario-Cruz. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8162 J9 EXP APPL ACAROL JI Exp. Appl. Acarol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 54 IS 3 BP 301 EP 311 DI 10.1007/s10493-011-9441-9 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 791GW UT WOS:000292654100009 PM 21431928 ER PT J AU Scharf, B Leonard, MJ Weaber, RL Mader, TL Hahn, GL Spiers, DE AF Scharf, Brad Leonard, Michael J. Weaber, Robert L. Mader, Terry L. Hahn, G. Leroy Spiers, Donald E. TI Determinants of bovine thermal response to heat and solar radiation exposures in a field environment SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cattle; Transmitter; Heat; Stress; Model ID SHADED FEEDLOT CATTLE; BODY-TEMPERATURE; RECTAL TEMPERATURE; DAIRY-COWS; MILK-PRODUCTION; STRESS; INDICATORS; TOLERANCE; CLIMATE; STEERS AB Continuous exposure of cattle to summer heat in the absence of shade results in significant hyperthermia and impairs growth and general health. Reliable predictors of heat strain are needed to identify this condition. A 12-day study was conducted during a moderate summer heat period using 12 Angus x Simmental (Bos taurus) steers (533 +/- 12 kg average body weight) to identify animal and ambient determinations of core body temperature (T (core)) and respiration rate (RR) responses to heat stress. Steers were provided standard diet and water ad libitum, and implanted intraperitoneally with telemetric transmitters to monitor T (core) hourly. Visual count of flank movement at 0800 and 1500 hours was used for RR. Dataloggers recorded air temperature (T (a)), and black globe temperatures (T (bg)) hourly to assess radiant heat load. Analysis was across four periods and 2 consecutive days averaged within each period. Average T (a) and T (bg) increased progressively from 21.7 to 30.3A degrees C and 25.3 to 34.0A degrees C, respectively, from the first to fourth periods. A model utilizing a quadratic function of T (a) explained the most variation in T (core) (R (2) = 0.56). A delay in response from 1 to 3 h did not significantly improve R (2) for this relationship. Measurements at 0800 and 1500 hours alone are sufficient to predict heat strain. Daily minimum core body temperature and initial 2-h rise in T (a) were predictors of maximum core temperature and RR. Further studies using continuous monitoring are needed to expand prediction of heat stress impact under different conditions. C1 [Scharf, Brad; Weaber, Robert L.; Spiers, Donald E.] Univ Missouri, Dept Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Leonard, Michael J.] USAF, Washington, DC 20330 USA. [Mader, Terry L.] Univ Nebraska Lincoln, Haskell Agr Lab, Concord, NE 68728 USA. [Hahn, G. Leroy] ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, USDA, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Spiers, DE (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Anim Sci, 920 E Campus Dr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM basb62@mizzou.edu FU US Department of Agriculture (USDA/NRI ) [980352 S] FX This material is based upon work supported by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA/NRI competitive grant #980352 S). Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the US Department of Agriculture. NR 46 TC 10 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0020-7128 J9 INT J BIOMETEOROL JI Int. J. Biometeorol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 55 IS 4 BP 469 EP 480 DI 10.1007/s00484-010-0360-y PG 12 WC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology SC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology GA 789YR UT WOS:000292556100002 PM 20872233 ER PT J AU Westbrook, JK Eyster, RS Allen, CT AF Westbrook, John K. Eyster, Ritchie S. Allen, Charles T. TI A model for long-distance dispersal of boll weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anthonomus grandis; Simulation model; Eradication; Reinfestation ID POPULATIONS; MARKERS; MEXICO; TEXAS AB The boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis (Boheman), has been a major insect pest of cotton production in the US, accounting for yield losses and control costs on the order of several billion US dollars since the introduction of the pest in 1892. Boll weevil eradication programs have eliminated reproducing populations in nearly 94%, and progressed toward eradication within the remaining 6%, of cotton production areas. However, the ability of weevils to disperse and reinfest eradicated zones threatens to undermine the previous investment toward eradication of this pest. In this study, the HYSPLIT atmospheric dispersion model was used to simulate daily wind-aided dispersal of weevils from the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) of southern Texas and northeastern Mexico. Simulated weevil dispersal was compared with weekly capture of weevils in pheromone traps along highway trap lines between the LRGV and the South Texas / Winter Garden zone of the Texas Boll Weevil Eradication Program. A logistic regression model was fit to the probability of capturing at least one weevil in individual pheromone traps relative to specific values of simulated weevil dispersal, which resulted in 60.4% concordance, 21.3% discordance, and 18.3% ties in estimating captures and non-captures. During the first full year of active eradication with widespread insecticide applications in 2006, the dispersal model accurately estimated 71.8%, erroneously estimated 12.5%, and tied 15.7% of capture and non-capture events. Model simulations provide a temporal risk assessment over large areas of weevil reinfestation resulting from dispersal by prevailing winds. Eradication program managers can use the model risk assessment information to effectively schedule and target enhanced trapping, crop scouting, and insecticide applications. C1 [Westbrook, John K.; Eyster, Ritchie S.] ARS, USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Allen, Charles T.] Texas AgriLife Extens, San Angelo, TX 76901 USA. RP Westbrook, JK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM john.westbrook@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0020-7128 J9 INT J BIOMETEOROL JI Int. J. Biometeorol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 55 IS 4 BP 585 EP 593 DI 10.1007/s00484-010-0359-4 PG 9 WC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology SC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology GA 789YR UT WOS:000292556100013 PM 20835731 ER PT J AU Luchansky, JB Porto-Fett, ACS Shoyer, BA Call, JE Schlosser, W Shaw, W Bauer, N Latimer, H AF Luchansky, John B. Porto-Fett, Anna C. S. Shoyer, Bradley A. Call, Jeffrey E. Schlosser, Wayne Shaw, William Bauer, Nathan Latimer, Heejeong TI Inactivation of Shiga Toxin-Producing O157:H7 and Non-O157:H7 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli in Brine-Injected, Gas-Grilled Steaks SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; THERMAL INACTIVATION; BLADE TENDERIZATION; BEEF STEAKS; O157-H7; O157H7; INFECTIONS; SATISFACTION; PATHOGENS; OUTBREAKS AB We quantified translocation of Escherichia coli O157+H7 (ECOH) and non-O157:M verocytotoxigenic E. coli (STEC) into beef subprimals after brine injection and subsequently monitored their viability after cooking steaks cut therefrom. Beef subprimals were inoculated on the lean side with ca. 6.0 log CFU/g of a five-strain cocktail of rifampin-resistant ECOH or kanamycin-resistant STEC, and then passed once through an automatic brine-injector tenderizer, with the lean side facing upward. Brine solutions (9.9% +/- 0.3% over fresh weight) consisted of 3.3% (wt/vol) of sodium tripolyphosphate and 3.3% (wt/vol) of sodium chloride, prepared both with (Lac(+), pH = 6.76) and without (Lac(-), pH = 8.02) a 25% (vol/vol) solution of a 60% potassium lactate-sodium diacetate syrup. For all samples injected with Lac(-) or Lac(+) brine, levels of ECOH or STEC recovered from the topmost 1 cm (i.e., segment 1) of a core sample obtained from tenderized subprimals ranged from ca. 4.7 to 6.3 log CFU/g; however, it was possible to recover ECOH or STEC from all six segments of all cores tested. Next, brine-injected steaks from tenderized subprimals were cooked on a commercial open-flame gas grill to internal endpoint temperatures of either 37.8 degrees C (100 degrees F), 48.8 degrees C (120 degrees F), 60 degrees C (140 degrees F), or 71.1 degrees C (160 degrees F). Regardless of brine formulation or temperature, cooking achieved reductions (expressed as log CFU per gram) of 0.3 to 4.1 of ECOH and 0.5 to 3.6 of STEC. However, fortuitous survivors were recovered even at 71.1 degrees C (160 degrees F) for ECOH and for STEC. Thus, ECOH and STEC behaved similarly, relative to translocation and thermal destruction: Tenderization via brine injection transferred both pathogens throughout subprimals and cooking highly contaminated, brine-injected steaks on a commercial gas grill at 71.1 degrees C (160 degrees F) did not kill all cells due, primarily, to nonuniform heating (i.e., cold spots) within the meat. C1 [Luchansky, John B.; Shoyer, Bradley A.; Call, Jeffrey E.] ARS, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Porto-Fett, Anna C. S.] Food Safety Connect, Blacksville, WV 26521 USA. [Schlosser, Wayne; Shaw, William; Bauer, Nathan; Latimer, Heejeong] USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Luchansky, JB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM John.Luchansky@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; USDA-FSIS FX We thank John Phillips (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center [USDA-ARS-ERRC], Wyndmoor, PA) for statistically analyzing these data. We extend our sincere appreciation to Rosemary Martinjuk, Peggy Tomasula, Chris Sommers, Lihan Huang, and Nelly Osoria of the USDA-ARS-ERRC (Wyndmoor, PA) for their feedback or technical assistance on this project. In addition, we are grateful to Jim Lindsay and Mary Torrence (USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD); Denise Eblen, Janell Kause, David Goldman, and Paul Uhler (USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service [USDA-FSIS], Washington, DC); Steve Campano (Hawkins, Inc., Minneapolis, MN): Tim Freier, Ted Brown, Dan Schaefer, Nancy Rathe, Francois Bere, and Scott Eden (Cargill, Inc., Minneapolis, MN); Betsy Booren and Jim Hodges (American Meat Institute. Washington, DC); Randy Phebus (Kansas State University, Manhattan): Harshavardhan Thippareddi (University of Nebraska-Lincoln); John Sofos (Colorado State University, Fort Collins); Ernie Illg (Illg's Meats, Chalfont, PA); and Ron Tew (Deli Brands of America, Baltimore) for contributing their time, talents, and/or resources. This project was funded, in part, through an interagency agreement between USDA-ARS (J.B.L.) and USDA-FSIS. NR 40 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 7 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 74 IS 7 BP 1054 EP 1064 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-10-579 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 790GZ UT WOS:000292577800002 PM 21740706 ER PT J AU Chmielewski, RA Beck, JR Swayne, DE AF Chmielewski, Revis A. Beck, Joan R. Swayne, David E. TI Thermal Inactivation of Avian Influenza Virus and Newcastle Disease Virus in a Fat-Free Egg Product SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; SALMONELLA; RESISTANCE; TRANSMISSION; SURVIVAL; WHITE AB High-pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) virus, low-pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI) virus, virulent Newcastle disease virus (vNDV) and low-virulent Newcastle disease virus (lNDV) can be present on the eggshell surface, and HPAI viruses and vNDV can be present in the internal contents of chicken eggs laid by infected hens. With the increase in global trade, egg products could present potential biosecurity problems and affect international trade in liquid and dried egg products. Therefore, the generation of survival curves to determine decimal reduction times (D(T)-values) and change in heat resistance of the viruses (z(D)-value) within fat-free egg product could provide valuable information for development of risk reduction strategies. Thermal inactivation studies using A/chicken/Pennsylvania/1370/83 (H5N2) HPAI virus resulted in D(55)-, D(56)-, D(56.7)-, D(57)-, D(58)-, and D(59)-values of 18.6, 8.5, 3.6, 2.5, 0.4, and 0.4 min, respectively. The z(D)-value was 4.4 degrees C. LPAI virus A/chicken/New York/13142/94 (H7N2) had D(55)-, D(56.7)-, D(57)-, D(58)-, D(59)-, and D(60)-values of 2.9, 1.4, 0.8, 0.7, 0.7, and 0.5 min, respectively, and a z-value of 0.4 degrees C. vNDV avian paramyxoviruses of serotype 1 (AMPV-1)/chicken/Califomia/212676/2002 had D(55)-, D(56)-, D(56.7)-, D(57)-, D(58)-, and D(59)-values of 12.4, 9.3, 6.2, 5, 3.7, and 1.7 min, respectively. The z(D)-value was 4.7 degrees C. lNDV AMPV-1/chicken/United States/B1/1948 had D(55)-, D(57)-, D(58)-, D(59)-, D(61)-, and D(63)-values of 5.3, 2.2, 1.1, 0.55, 0.19, and 0.17 min, respectively, and a z(D)-value of 1.0 degrees C. Use of these data in developing egg pasteurization standards for AI and NDV-infected countries should allow safer trade in liquid egg products. C1 [Chmielewski, Revis A.; Beck, Joan R.; Swayne, David E.] ARS, USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Swayne, DE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM david.swayne@ars.usda.gov FU American Egg Board FX The authors thank the American Egg Board for financial support and Hershell Ball of Michaels Foods for supplying products for this study. NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 12 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 74 IS 7 BP 1161 EP 1168 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-10-415 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 790GZ UT WOS:000292577800015 PM 21740719 ER PT J AU Spatz, SJ Smith, LP Baigent, SJ Petherbridge, L Nair, V AF Spatz, Stephen J. Smith, Lorraine P. Baigent, Susan J. Petherbridge, Lawrence Nair, Venugopal TI Genotypic characterization of two bacterial artificial chromosome clones derived from a single DNA source of the very virulent gallid herpesvirus-2 strain C12/130 SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MAREKS-DISEASE VIRUS; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; PROTEIN; GENOME; ACCURACY; REGIONS; VACCINE; TYPE-2; REPEAT; GENE AB The identification of specific genetic changes associated with differences in the pathogenicity of Marek's disease virus strains (GaHV-2) has been a formidable task due to the large number of mutations in mixed-genotype populations within DNA preparations. Very virulent UK isolate C12/130 induces extensive lymphoid atrophy, neurological manifestations and early mortality in young birds. We have recently reported the construction of several independent full-length bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones of C12/130 capable of generating fully infectious viruses with significant differences in their pathogenicity profiles. Two of these clones (vC12/130-10 and vC12/130-15), which showed differences in virulence relative to each other and to the parental strain, had similar replication kinetics both in vitro and in vivo in spite of the fact that vC12/130-15 was attenuated. To investigate the possible reasons for this, the nucleotide sequences of both clones were determined. Sequence analysis of the two genomes identified mutations within eight genes. A single 494 bp insertion was identified within the genome of the virulent vC12/130-10 clone. Seven non-synonymous substitutions distinguished virulent vC12/130-10 from that of attenuated vC12/130-15. By sequencing regions of parental DNA that differed between the two BAC clones, we confirmed that C12/130 does contain these mutations in varying proportions. Since the individual reconstituted BAC clones were functionally attenuated in vivo and derived from a single DNA source of phenotypically very virulent C12/130, this suggests that the C12/130 virus population exists as a collection of mixed genotypes. C1 [Spatz, Stephen J.] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Smith, Lorraine P.; Baigent, Susan J.; Petherbridge, Lawrence; Nair, Venugopal] Inst Anim Hlth, Compton RG20 7NN, Berks, England. RP Spatz, SJ (reprint author), ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Stephen.Spatz@ars.usda.gov RI Nair, Venugopal/D-4447-2016; Institute, Pirbright/K-4476-2014 OI Nair, Venugopal/0000-0002-8255-516X; NR 43 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 92 BP 1500 EP 1507 DI 10.1099/vir.0.027706-0 PN 7 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 790HH UT WOS:000292578600002 PM 21450941 ER PT J AU Laney, AG Keller, KE Martin, RR Tzanetakis, IE AF Laney, Alma G. Keller, Karen E. Martin, Robert R. Tzanetakis, Ioannis E. TI A discovery 70 years in the making: characterization of the Rose rosette virus SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; DISEASE; PREDICTION; WEB; DNA; MULTIFLORA; PROTEIN AB Rose rosette was first described in the early 1940s and it has emerged as one of the most devastating diseases of roses. Although it has been 70 years since the disease description, the rosette agent is yet to be characterized. In this communication, we identify and characterize the putative causal agent of the disease, a negative-sense RNA virus and new member of the genus Emaravirus. The virus was detected in 84/84 rose rosette-affected plants collected from the eastern half of the USA, but not in any of 30 symptomless plants tested. The strong correlation between virus and disease is a good indication that the virus, provisionally named Rose rosette virus, is the causal agent of the disease. Diversity studies using two virus proteins, p3 and p4, demonstrated that the virus has low diversity between isolates as they share nucleotide identities ranging from 97 to 99%. C1 [Laney, Alma G.; Tzanetakis, Ioannis E.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Div Agr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Keller, Karen E.; Martin, Robert R.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Martin, Robert R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Tzanetakis, IE (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Div Agr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM itzaneta@uark.edu RI Tzanetakis, Ioannis/B-9598-2009; OI Laney, Alma/0000-0001-6103-5731 FU Arkansas Agricultural Experimental Station FX The authors would like to thank Dr Rose Gergerich and Dr K. S. Kim for the helpful discussions and insights on rose rosette disease. We also thank Dr Sead Sabanadzovic, Dr Steve Vann and Ann Peck for providing rose samples for testing. Funding for this project was provided by the Arkansas Agricultural Experimental Station. NR 30 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 20 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 EI 1465-2099 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 92 BP 1727 EP 1732 DI 10.1099/vir.0.031146-0 PN 7 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 790HH UT WOS:000292578600026 PM 21471323 ER PT J AU Kidarsa, TA Goebel, NC Zabriskie, TM Loper, JE AF Kidarsa, Teresa A. Goebel, Neal C. Zabriskie, T. Mark Loper, Joyce E. TI Phloroglucinol mediates cross-talk between the pyoluteorin and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol biosynthetic pathways in Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5 SO MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY METABOLITE 2,4-DIACETYLPHLOROGLUCINOL; III POLYKETIDE SYNTHASES; PYTHIUM DAMPING-OFF; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCTION; GENE-CLUSTER; ANTIFUNGAL COMPOUNDS; COTTON SEEDLINGS; GENOMIC REGION; SIGMA-FACTOR AB The antibiotics pyoluteorin and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) contribute to the biological control of soilborne plant diseases by some strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens, including Pf-5. These secondary metabolites also have signalling functions with each compound reported to induce its own production and repress the other's production. The first step in DAPG biosynthesis is production of phloroglucinol (PG) by PhlD. In this study, we show that PG is required at nanomolar concentrations for pyoluteorin production in Pf-5. At higher concentrations, PG is responsible for the inhibition of pyoluteorin production previously attributed to DAPG. DAPG had no effect on pyoluteorin production, and monoacetylphloroglucinol showed both stimulatory and inhibitory activities but at concentrations 100-fold greater than the levels of PG required for similar effects. We also demonstrate that PG regulates pyoluteorin production in P. aeruginosa and that a phlD gene adjacent to the pyoluteorin biosynthetic gene cluster in P. aeruginosa strain LESB58 can restore pyoluteorin biosynthesis to a Delta phlD mutant of Pf-5. Bioinformatic analyses show that the dual role of PhlD in the biosynthesis of DAPG and the regulation of pyoluteorin production could have arisen within the pseudomonads during the assembly of these biosynthetic gene clusters from genes and gene subclusters of diverse origins. C1 [Kidarsa, Teresa A.; Loper, Joyce E.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Goebel, Neal C.; Zabriskie, T. Mark] Oregon State Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Loper, JE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM Joyce.Loper@ARS.USDA.gov OI Loper, Joyce/0000-0003-3501-5969 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2006-35319-17427] FX We thank Virginia Stockwell for assistance with statistical analyses and Marion Brodhagen for helpful suggestions on the manuscript. We are also grateful to Dr Craig Winstanley for providing strain P. aeruginosa LESB58 and to Dr Jane Burns for providing strains P. aeruginosa PACS171b and PACS88. This work was supported by National Research Initiative Competitive Grant 2006-35319-17427 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 84 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0950-382X J9 MOL MICROBIOL JI Mol. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 81 IS 2 BP 395 EP 414 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2011.07697.x PG 20 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 790CX UT WOS:000292567200010 PM 21564338 ER PT J AU Vensel, WH Dupont, FM Sloane, S Altenbach, SB AF Vensel, William H. Dupont, Frances M. Sloane, Stacia Altenbach, Susan B. TI Effect of cleavage enzyme, search algorithm and decoy database on mass spectrometric identification of wheat gluten proteins SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Decoy database; Storage proteins; Gliadins; Glutenin; Tandem mass spectrometry; Triticum aestivum; Wheat ID PEPTIDE IDENTIFICATIONS; SHOTGUN PROTEOMICS; SEQUENCE DATABASES; MS/MS; SPECTRA; FLOUR; SPECIFICITY; SENSITIVITY; VALIDATION; STRATEGY AB While tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is routinely used to identify proteins from complex mixtures, certain types of proteins present unique challenges for MS/MS analyses. The major wheat gluten proteins, gliadins and glutenins, are particularly difficult to distinguish by MS/MS. Each of these groups contains many individual proteins with similar sequences that include repetitive motifs rich in proline and glutamine. These proteins have few cleavable tryptic sites, often resulting in only one or two tryptic peptides that may not provide sufficient information for identification. Additionally, there are less than 14,000 complete protein sequences from wheat in the current NCBInr release. In this paper, MS/MS methods were optimized for the identification of the wheat gluten proteins. Chymotrypsin and thermolysin as well as trypsin were used to digest the proteins and the collision energy was adjusted to improve fragmentation of chymotryptic and thermolytic peptides. Specialized databases were constructed that included protein sequences derived from contigs from several assemblies of wheat expressed sequence tags (ESTs), including contigs assembled from ESTs of the cultivar under study. Two different search algorithms were used to interrogate the database and the results were analyzed and displayed using a commercially available software package (Scaffold). We examined the effect of protein database content and size on the false discovery rate. We found that as database size increased above 30,000 sequences there was a decrease in the number of proteins identified. Also, the type of decoy database influenced the number of proteins identified. Using three enzymes, two search algorithms and a specialized database allowed us to greatly increase the number of detected peptides and distinguish proteins within each gluten protein group. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Vensel, William H.; Dupont, Frances M.; Sloane, Stacia; Altenbach, Susan B.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Vensel, WH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM william.vensel@ars.usda.gov; frances.dupont@gmail.com; stacia.sloane@tu.edu; susan.altenbach@ars.usda.gov OI Vensel, William/0000-0001-9454-2705 NR 43 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PD JUL PY 2011 VL 72 IS 10 SI SI BP 1154 EP 1161 DI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.01.002 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 789SH UT WOS:000292536100017 PM 21292286 ER PT J AU Lewandowska-Gnatowska, E Johnston, ML Antoine, W Szczegielniak, J Muszynska, G Miernyk, JA AF Lewandowska-Gnatowska, Elzbieta Johnston, Mark L. Antoine, Wesner Szczegielniak, Jadwiga Muszynska, Grazyna Miernyk, Jan A. TI Using multiplex-staining to study changes in the maize leaf phosphoproteome in response to mechanical wounding SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Zea mays L.; Maize; Proteomics; Mechanical wounding; Abiotic stress; Signal transduction; Pro-Q Diamond; Mass spectrometry ID PHOSPHORYLATION SENSOR DYE; PROTEIN-KINASE; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; JASMONIC ACID; PLANTS; STRESS; ARABIDOPSIS; CALCIUM; LEAVES; IDENTIFICATION AB Mechanical wounding of 2-week-old maize (lea mays L.) leaves, one of the first steps in both pathogen infection and herbivore attack, stimulates metabolism and activates signal transduction pathways dedicated to defense and recovery. The signaling pathways include reversible protein phosphorylation which can modulate protein activities, and transmit signals within cellular pathways and networks. We have used multiplex-staining of high-resolution 2D gels for protein (Sypro Ruby) and phosphorylation (ProQ Diamond) as a strategy for quantifying changes in the stoichiometry of phosphorylation after wounding for 270 protein spots. Rigorous statistical analysis of the time-index data allowed us to accept patterns of change in 125 of the spots as non-random, and these patterns were assigned to five clusters. A reliable identity was assigned to 21 selected proteins, most of which have been previously described as phospho-proteins. The results suggest that analysis of protein spots from high-resolution 2D gels by multiplex-staining for protein plus phosphorylation is a strategy that can be broadly useful for study of how the phospho-proteome responds to abiotic stress. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Johnston, Mark L.; Miernyk, Jan A.] Univ Missouri, USDA, ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Lewandowska-Gnatowska, Elzbieta; Szczegielniak, Jadwiga; Muszynska, Grazyna] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Biochem & Biophys, Dept Plant Biochem, Warsaw, Poland. [Antoine, Wesner] Minist Planificat & Cooperat Externe Agr, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Miernyk, Jan A.] Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Miernyk, Jan A.] Univ Missouri, Interdisciplinary Plant Grp, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Miernyk, JA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA, ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, 102 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Jan.Miernyk@ars.usda.gov FU University of Missouri - European Union Center; Interdisciplinary Plant Group FX This research was supported in part by awards from the University of Missouri - European Union Center and the Interdisciplinary Plant Group. Shuqun Zhang and Ling Han assisted with the ethylene measurements. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PD JUL PY 2011 VL 72 IS 10 SI SI BP 1285 EP 1292 DI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.01.030 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 789SH UT WOS:000292536100027 PM 21334701 ER PT J AU Klubicova, K Bercak, M Danchenko, M Skultety, L Rashydov, NM Berezhna, VV Miernyk, JA Hajduch, M AF Klubicova, Katarina Bercak, Michal Danchenko, Maksym Skultety, Ludovit Rashydov, Namik M. Berezhna, Valentyna V. Miernyk, Jan A. Hajduch, Martin TI Agricultural recovery of a formerly radioactive area: I. Establishment of high-resolution quantitative protein map of mature flax seeds harvested from the remediated Chernobyl area SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Linum usitatissimum L.; Flax; Proteomics; Protein map; Remediation; Chernobyl; Radiation; Mass spectrometry ID LINUM-USITATISSIMUM L.; CONTAMINATED ENVIRONMENT; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS; LIGNIN; IDENTIFICATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; ACID; ELECTROPHORESIS; LIGNIFICATION AB In recent years there has been an increasing tendency toward remediation of contaminated areas for agriculture purposes. The study described herein is part of a comprehensive, long-term characterization of crop plants grown in the area formerly contaminated with radioactivity. As a first step, we have established a quantitative map of proteins isolated from mature flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) seeds harvested from plants grown in a remediated plot localized directly in Chernobyl town. Flax was selected because it is a crop of economic and historical importance, despite the relative paucity of molecular resources. We used 2-dimensional electrophoresis followed by tandem mass spectrometry to establish a high-resolution seed proteome map. This approach yielded quantitative information for 318 protein spots. Genomic sequence resources for flax are very limited, leaving us with an "unknown function" annotation for 38% of the proteins analyzed including several that comprise very large spots. In addition to the seed storage proteins, we were able to reliably identify 82 proteins many of which are involved with central metabolism. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Klubicova, Katarina; Bercak, Michal; Danchenko, Maksym; Hajduch, Martin] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Plant Genet & Biotechnol, Dept Reprod & Dev Biol, Nitra, Slovakia. [Danchenko, Maksym; Rashydov, Namik M.; Berezhna, Valentyna V.] Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Inst Cell Biol & Genet Engn, Dept Biophys & Radiobiol, Kiev, Ukraine. [Skultety, Ludovit] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Virol, Ctr Mol Med, BITCET, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Miernyk, Jan A.] Univ Missouri, USDA, ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit,Dept Biochem,Interdisciplina, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Hajduch, M (reprint author), Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Plant Genet & Biotechnol, Dept Reprod & Dev Biol, Nitra, Slovakia. EM hajduch@savba.sk RI Skultety, Ludovit/N-2160-2014; Danchenko, Maksym/G-7793-2015 OI Danchenko, Maksym/0000-0002-3676-0728 FU European Union [MIRG-CT-2007-200165]; National Scholarship Program of the Slovak Republic FX This investigation was supported by the Seventh Framework Program of the European Union - International Reintegration Grant (MIRG-CT-2007-200165), and MD was supported by the National Scholarship Program of the Slovak Republic. This paper reflects only the author's views and the Community is not liable for any use that might be made of information contained herein. NR 49 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PD JUL PY 2011 VL 72 IS 10 SI SI BP 1308 EP 1315 DI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2010.11.010 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 789SH UT WOS:000292536100029 PM 21144539 ER PT J AU Bowling, AJ Vaughn, KC Turley, RB AF Bowling, Andrew J. Vaughn, Kevin Christopher Turley, Rickie B. TI Polysaccharide and glycoprotein distribution in the epidermis of cotton ovules during early fiber initiation and growth SO PROTOPLASMA LA English DT Article DE Cotton; Fiber initiation; Pectins; Arabinogalactan proteins; Esterification ID CELL-WALL POLYSACCHARIDES; GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM L.; UPLAND COTTON; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION; SUCROSE SYNTHASE; GENE-EXPRESSION; REB1-1 MUTATION; LOCALIZATION; ARABIDOPSIS; CELLULOSE AB The cotton fiber is a model system to study cell wall biosynthesis because the fiber cell elongates (similar to 3 cm in similar to 20 days) without mitosis. In this study, developing cotton ovules, examined from 1 day before anthesis (DBA) to 2 days post-anthesis (DPA), that would be difficult to investigate via classical carbohydrate biochemistry were probed using a battery of antibodies that recognize a large number of different wall components. In addition, ovules from these same stages were investigated in three fiberless lines. Most antibodies reacted with at least some component of the ovule, and several of the antibodies reacted specifically with the epidermal layer of cells that may give clues as to the nature of the development of the fibers and the neighboring, nonfiber atrichoblasts. Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) labeled the epidermal layers more strongly than other ovular tissue, even at 1 DBA. One of the AGP antibodies, CCRC-M7, which recognizes a 1a"6 galactan epitope of AGPs, is lost from the fiber cells by 2 DPA, although labeling in the atrichoblasts remained strong. In contrast, LM5 that recognizes a 1a"4 galactan RGI side chain is unreactive with sections until the fibers are produced and only the fibers are reactive. Dramatic changes also occur in the homogalacturonans (HGs). JIM5, which recognizes highly de-esterified HGs, only weakly labels epidermal cells of 1 DBA and 0 DPA ovules, but labeling increases in fibers cells, where a pectinaceous sheath is produced around the fiber cell and stronger reaction in the internal and external walls of the atrichoblast. In contrast, JIM7-reactive, highly esterifed HGs are present at high levels in the epidermal cells throughout development. Fiberless lines displayed similar patterns of labeling to the fibered lines, except that all of the cells had the labeling pattern of atrichoblasts. That is, CCRC-M7 labeled all cells of the fiberless lines, and LM5 labeled no cells at 2 DPA. These data indicate that a number of polysaccharides are unique in quantity or presence in the epidermal cell layers, and some of these might be critical participants in the early stages of initiation and elongation of cotton fibers. C1 [Turley, Rickie B.] ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Bowling, Andrew J.; Vaughn, Kevin Christopher] ARS, USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Turley, RB (reprint author), ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, POB 345, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM Rick.Turley@ars.usda.gov FU NSF [DBI-0421683, RCN-0090281] FX The authors would like to thank Grant Cochran for excellent technical assistance. AJB was supported in part by a headquarters-funded research associate position to KCV. Production of the monoclonal antibodies of the CCRC series was provided by NSF grants DBI-0421683 and RCN-0090281 to the Complex Carbohydrate Center, University of Georgia. Mention of a trademark, proprietary product, or vendor does not constitute an endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0033-183X J9 PROTOPLASMA JI Protoplasma PD JUL PY 2011 VL 248 IS 3 BP 579 EP 590 DI 10.1007/s00709-010-0212-y PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA 792KY UT WOS:000292744600015 PM 20878194 ER PT J AU Piazza, GJ McAloon, AJ Garcia, RA AF Piazza, G. J. McAloon, A. J. Garcia, R. A. TI A renewable flocculant from a poultry slaughterhouse waste and preliminary estimate of production costs SO RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING LA English DT Article DE Chicken blood; Clay; Flocculation; Dehydration; Production cost; Slaughterhouse waste ID POLYACRYLAMIDE AB Polymeric flocculants are widely used in industrial and municipal applications to remove solids from waste water and to inhibit soil erosion. Currently used polymeric flocculants are prepared from non-renewable materials. Recent research has revealed that some proteins can be excellent flocculants. The purpose of this research was to determine if protein-rich, but low value chicken blood can be used as a renewable flocculant. Fractions of chicken blood (CKB) were assayed for flocculation activity, and the magnitude of the activity exhibited by these fractions was compared to that of anionic polyacrylamide (PAM), the most widely used polymeric flocculant. Activity of the CKB fractions was found to be equivalent to that of PAM at slightly acidic pH values. Since, commercial viability requires retention of activity after dehydration, flocculation trials were conducted with reconstituted samples of freeze and spray dried CKB fractions. Some of the reconstituted samples retained satisfactory flocculation activity. Citric, phosphoric and sulfuric acids were tested to determine if their addition stimulated the flocculation activity of a CKB fraction by slightly decreasing the media pH value. All of the acids were effective, but sulfuric acid is the least costly. A preliminary costs estimate of preparing an active spray dried CKB fraction was completed. The cost of an appropriate amount of sulfuric acid is included in the estimate. The estimate shows that spray dried flocculant prepared from CKB is cost competitive to PAM. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Piazza, G. J.; McAloon, A. J.; Garcia, R. A.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Fats Oils & Anim Coprod Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Piazza, GJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Fats Oils & Anim Coprod Res Unit, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM george.piazza@ars.usda.gov RI Garcia, Rafael/D-2796-2009; OI Garcia, Rafael/0000-0002-5452-3929; Piazza, George/0000-0003-4896-4928 NR 16 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-3449 J9 RESOUR CONSERV RECY JI Resour. Conserv. Recycl. PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 55 IS 9-10 BP 842 EP 848 DI 10.1016/j.resconrec.2011.04.004 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 793XF UT WOS:000292856500005 ER PT J AU Oldham, M Ransom, CV Ralphs, MH Gardner, DR AF Oldham, Michelle Ransom, Corey V. Ralphs, Michael H. Gardner, Dale R. TI Galegine Content in Goatsrue (Galega officinalis) Varies by Plant Part and Phenological Growth Stage SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Plant development; plant defense; plant tissue; poisonous; galegine; alkaloid; toxic compound ID SHEEP; PHYSIOLOGY; PATTERNS; RUE AB Goatsrue is a member of the Fabaceae family, native to Europe and western Asia. It contains the toxic alkaloid galegine. The objective of the study was to describe galegine concentration in aboveground goatsrue plant parts and total galegine pools over phenological growth stages. Twenty goatsrue plants at four locations were selected and a stalk was harvested from each at five stages of phenological development and separated into parts. Plant parts were freeze-dried, ground, and analyzed with liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Galegine concentration was significantly different in plant tissues; reproductive tissues had the highest levels of galegine (7 mg g(-1)), followed by leaf (4 mg g(-1)) and finally stem (1 mg g(-1)) tissues. Galegine concentration and pools varied over plant tissues and phenological growth stages. Galegine pools (dry weight by concentration) or the total amount of galegine per stalk were lowest at the vegetative growth stage (2 mg stalk(-1)) and increased until reaching a maximum at the immature pod stage (91 mg stalk(-1)). The pools decreased nearly in half (48 mg stalk(-1)) by the mature seed stage. Like galegine pools, galegine concentration also reached a maximum at the immature pod stage (4 mg g(-1)), and decreased by nearly half by the mature seed stage (2 mg g(-1)). The increased levels of galegine pools at immature pod stage corresponds with the time of meadow hay harvest, implying that goatsrue is potentially most toxic at the phenological stage when it is likely to be harvested as a contaminant in meadow hay. C1 [Oldham, Michelle; Ransom, Corey V.] Utah State Univ, Plants Soils & Climate Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Ralphs, Michael H.; Gardner, Dale R.] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Ransom, CV (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Plants Soils & Climate Dept, 4820 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM corey.ransom@usu.edu RI Ransom, Corey/E-5927-2011 FU Utah Agricultural Experiment Station [8059] FX This research was funded in part by the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, publication no. 8059. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 9 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JUL-SEP PY 2011 VL 59 IS 3 BP 349 EP 352 DI 10.1614/WS-D-10-00169.1 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 791IL UT WOS:000292658300012 ER PT J AU Mirsky, SB Curran, WS Mortensen, DM Ryan, MR Shumway, DL AF Mirsky, S. B. Curran, W. S. Mortensen, D. M. Ryan, M. R. Shumway, D. L. TI Timing of Cover-Crop Management Effects on Weed Suppression in No-Till Planted Soybean using a Roller-Crimper SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cover crops; mulches; roller-crimper; planting and termination date ID HAIRY VETCH; CORN PRODUCTION; CEREAL RYE; REDUNDANCY ANALYSIS; SYSTEMS; RESIDUE; SOIL; EMERGENCE; COMMUNITY; BIOMASS AB Integrated weed management tactics are necessary to develop cropping systems that enhance soil quality using conservation tillage and reduced herbicide or organic weed management. In this study, we varied planting and termination date of two cereal rye cultivars ('Aroostook' and 'Wheeler') and a rye/hairy vetch mixture to evaluate cover-crop biomass production and subsequent weed suppression in no-till planted soybean. Cover crops were killed with a burn-down herbicide and roller-crimper and the weed-suppressive effects of the remaining mulch were studied. Cover-crop biomass increased approximately 2,000 kg ha(-1) from latest to earliest fall planting dates (August 25-October 15) and for each 10-d incremental delay in spring termination date (May 1-June 1). Biomass accumulation for cereal rye was best estimated using a thermal-based model that separated the effects of fall and spring heat units. Cultivars differed in their total biomass accumulation; however, once established, their growth rates were similar, suggesting the difference was mainly due to the earlier emergence of Aroostook rye. The earlier emergence of Aroostook rye may have explained its greater weed suppression than Wheeler, whereas the rye/hairy vetch mixture was intermediate between the two rye cultivars. Delaying cover-crop termination reduced weed density, especially for early- and late-emerging summer annual weeds in 2006. Yellow nutsedge was not influenced by cover-crop type or the timing of cover-crop management. We found that the degree of synchrony between weed species emergence and accumulated cover-crop biomass played an important role in defining the extent of weed suppression. C1 [Mirsky, S. B.] ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Curran, W. S.; Mortensen, D. M.; Ryan, M. R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Shumway, D. L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Stat, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Mirsky, SB (reprint author), ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 52 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 10 U2 54 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JUL-SEP PY 2011 VL 59 IS 3 BP 380 EP 389 DI 10.1614/WS-D-10-00101.1 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 791IL UT WOS:000292658300017 ER PT J AU Ryan, MR Curran, WS Grantham, AM Hunsberger, LK Mirsky, SB Mortensen, DA Nord, EA Wilson, DO AF Ryan, Matthew R. Curran, William S. Grantham, Alison M. Hunsberger, Laura K. Mirsky, Steven B. Mortensen, David A. Nord, Eric A. Wilson, Dave O. TI Effects of Seeding Rate and Poultry Litter on Weed Suppression from a Rolled Cereal Rye Cover Crop SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cover crops; cereal rye; organic ID PLANTING ARRANGEMENT; NITROGEN; SYSTEMS; FERTILIZER; CONSERVATION; EMERGENCE; LEGUME; GROWTH; CORN AB Growing enough cover crop biomass to adequately suppress weeds is one of the primary challenges in reduced-tillage systems that rely on mulch-based weed suppression. We investigated two approaches to increasing cereal rye biomass for improved weed suppression: (1) increasing soil fertility and (2) increasing cereal rye seeding rate. We conducted a factorial experiment with three poultry litter application rates (0, 80, and 160 kg N ha(-1)) and three rye seeding rates (90, 150, and 210 kg seed ha(-1)) in Pennsylvania and Maryland in 2008 and 2009. We quantified rye biomass immediately after mechanically terminating it with a roller and weed biomass at 10 wk after termination (WAT). Rye biomass increased with poultry litter applications (675, 768, and 787 g m(-2) in the 0, 80, and 160 kg N ha(-1) treatments, respectively), but this increased rye biomass did not decrease weed biomass. In contrast, increasing rye seeding rate did not increase rye biomass, but it did reduce weed biomass (328, 279, and 225 g m(-2) in the 90, 150, and 210 kg seed ha(-1) respectively). In 2009, we also sampled ground cover before rolling and weed biomass and density at 4 WAT. Despite no treatment effects, we found a correlation between bare soil before rolling (%) and weed biomass at 4 WAT. Our results suggest that increased rye seeding rate can effectively reduce weed biomass and that ground cover in early spring can influence weed biomass later in the growing season. C1 [Ryan, Matthew R.; Curran, William S.; Mortensen, David A.; Nord, Eric A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Grantham, Alison M.; Wilson, Dave O.] Rodale Inst, Kutztown, PA 19530 USA. [Hunsberger, Laura K.] Univ Maryland, Lower Eastern Shore Res & Educ Ctr, Salisbury, MD 21801 USA. [Mirsky, Steven B.] ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ryan, MR (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 116 Agr Sci & Ind Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM matt.ryan@psu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) FX We would like acknowledge the assistance provided John Teasdale, Rich Smith, Mary Barbercheck, and Tom Richard for many helpful conceptual discussions and for input on drafts of this manuscript. We would also like to thank John Teasdale and Adam Davis for their assistance with statistical analyses. This research was supported by funding from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Northeast Region Integrated Pest Management program. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 26 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JUL-SEP PY 2011 VL 59 IS 3 BP 438 EP 444 DI 10.1614/WS-D-10-00180.1 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 791IL UT WOS:000292658300024 ER PT J AU Yuceer, C Hsu, CY Erbilgin, N Klepzig, KD AF Yuceer, Cetin Hsu, Chuan-Yu Erbilgin, Nadir Klepzig, Kier D. TI Ultrastructure of the mycangium of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae): complex morphology for complex interactions SO ACTA ZOOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE pine; bark beetle; southern pine beetle; mycangia; gland cells; symbiosis ID BARK BEETLES; PROTHORACIC MYCANGIUM; LOBLOLLY-PINE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; GNATHOTRICHUS RETUSUS; FUNGAL SYMBIONTS; FINE-STRUCTURE; INNER BARK; G SULCATUS; DYNAMICS AB The southern pine beetle (SPB) (Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann) is the most economically important pest of southern pine forests. Beetles carry fungal cells within specialised cuticular structures, called mycangia. Little is known about the mycangia ultrastructure or function. We used cryo-fracturing and scanning electron microscopy to examine the ultrastructural features of SPB mycangia and surrounding tissues. Mycangia, one on each side of anterior portion of the prothorax, are terminated on the dorsal side at a 'mycangial bridge'. This sclerotised mycangial bridge does not appear to provide a passage between the two mycangia, suggesting that each mycangium functions independently. Mycangia are surrounded by abundant tracheoles connecting the structures to the outside via openings within the prothorax. Previously unknown pits overlying the mycangial gland cells were also observed in both the inner wall and anterior fold of prothorax. We hypothesise that these openings and pits may play roles in determining which fungi enter, and grow within, the mycangium. C1 [Yuceer, Cetin; Hsu, Chuan-Yu] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forestry, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Erbilgin, Nadir] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada. [Klepzig, Kier D.] USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Yuceer, C (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forestry, Box 9681, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM mcy1@msstate.edu RI Erbilgin, Nadir/F-3675-2014 OI Erbilgin, Nadir/0000-0001-9912-8095 FU USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station; University of Alberta FX The assistance of William Monroe, Amanda Lawrence, Lindsay Vandervelde, Jeffrey Ellis, Jake Camp, Erich Vallery, and Christopher Young is appreciated. This project was supported by the USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station and University of Alberta. NR 51 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0001-7272 EI 1463-6395 J9 ACTA ZOOL-STOCKHOLM JI Acta Zool. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 92 IS 3 BP 216 EP 224 DI 10.1111/j.1463-6395.2011.00500.x PG 9 WC Anatomy & Morphology; Zoology SC Anatomy & Morphology; Zoology GA 788CX UT WOS:000292424100003 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, F Cai, DY Teng, YW Spooner, D AF Rodriguez, Flor Cai, Danying Teng, Yuanwen Spooner, David TI ASYMMETRIC SINGLE-STRAND CONFORMATION POLYMORPHISM: AN ACCURATE AND COST-EFFECTIVE METHOD TO AMPLIFY AND SEQUENCE ALLELIC VARIANTS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE asymmetric PCR; PCR recombination; polyploids; single-strand conformation polymorphism; SSCP; symmetric PCR ID SSCP ANALYSIS; PCR; MUTATIONS; RESOLUTION; PRODUCTS; POTATOES; EXAMPLE; GENOME; GENES AB Premise of the study: An efficient alternative strategy to conventional cloning was needed to generate high-quality DNA sequences from a variety of nuclear orthologs for phylogenetic studies. This method would facilitate studies and minimize technical problems typically encountered in cloning methodologies. Methods: We tested a variety of single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) protocols including purified and unpurified symmetric and asymmetric PCR, loading buffers, and electrophoresis conditions (buffers, matrix, running time, temperature). Results obtained from direct SSCP band sequencing were compared to those obtained from cloning. Key results: Our optimized protocol uses asymmetric PCR, with the majority of the samples run in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). It consistently separated PCR products from 450 to 1200 bp. Conclusions: Asymmetric PCR single-strand conformation polymorphism is an efficient alternative technique for isolating allelic variants of highly heterozygous individuals, with its greatest applications in sequencing allopolyploids. It eliminates two common problems encountered in cloning: PCR recombination and heteroduplex fixation. In addition, our protocol greatly lowers costs and time associated with procedures. C1 [Rodriguez, Flor; Cai, Danying; Spooner, David] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA, ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Zhejiang Univ, Dept Hort, State Agr Minist Lab Hort Plant Growth Dev & Qual, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Spooner, D (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA, ARS, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM david.spooner@ars.usda.gov RI Teng, Yuanwen/A-3515-2015 FU USDA; NSF [DEB 0316614]; USDA National Research Initiative [2008-35300-18669]; China Scholarship Council FX This research was supported by the USDA, by NSF DEB 0316614, and USDA National Research Initiative Grant 2008-35300-18669 to D. S. and a grant from China Scholarship Council to D. C. The authors thank I. Cacho and D. Baum for suggesting and initiating them to the SSCP technique and M. Bonierbale for sharing her laboratory experience. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this paper is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 98 IS 7 BP 1061 EP 1067 DI 10.3732/ajb.1000251 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 787LF UT WOS:000292377000013 PM 21730333 ER PT J AU Parks, M Liston, A Cronn, R AF Parks, Matthew Liston, Aaron Cronn, Rich TI NEWLY DEVELOPED PRIMERS FOR COMPLETE YCF1 AMPLIFICATION IN PINUS (PINACEAE) CHLOROPLASTS WITH POSSIBLE FAMILY-WIDE UTILITY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article DE chloroplast; Pinaceae; Pinus; ycf1 ID GENOMES AB Premise of the study: Primers were designed to amplify the highly variable locus ycf1 from all 11 subsections of Pinus to facilitate plastome assemblies based on short sequence reads as well as future phylogenetic and population genetic analyses. Methods and Results: Primer design was based on alignment of 33 Pinus and four Pinaceae plastomes with mostly incomplete ycf1 sequences. Sanger sequencing of 12 Pinus accessions resulted in open reading frames ranging in size from 5.2 to 6.1 kbp. Highest sequence diversity was identified in two regions totaling 5.5 kbp aligned length, which can be targeted in all pine subsections with three primer combinations. Preliminary results suggest the primers described also amplify homologous targets in the broader Pinaceae. Conclusions: The successful design and implementation of PCR primers spanning the large, variable locus ycf1 in Pinus represents the development of a valuable tool in pine genetic studies, and should facilitate studies throughout Pinaceae. C1 [Parks, Matthew; Liston, Aaron] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Cronn, Rich] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Parks, M (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM parksma@science.oregonstate.edu OI Cronn, Richard/0000-0001-5342-3494 FU NSF [ATOL-0629508] FX The authors would like to thank David Gernandt for sharing partial ycf1 sequences from Pinus ponderosa. This work was supported by NSF ATOL-0629508. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 0002-9122 J9 AM J BOT JI Am. J. Bot. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 98 IS 7 BP E185 EP E188 DI 10.3732/ajb.1100088 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 787LF UT WOS:000292377000008 PM 21730332 ER PT J AU Shao, LM Liu, BX Griffiths, PR Leytem, AB AF Shao, Limin Liu, Bianxia Griffiths, Peter R. Leytem, April B. TI Using Multiple Calibration Sets to Improve the Quantitative Accuracy of Partial Least Squares (PLS) Regression on Open-Path Fourier Transform Infrared (OP/FT-IR) Spectra of Ammonia over Wide Concentration Ranges SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Open-path Fourier transform infrared spectrometry; OP/FT-IR spectrometry; Partial least squares; PLS regression; Quantitative accuracy; Calibration ID FTIR SPECTROMETRY; PRODUCTION FACILITY; SPECTROSCOPY; RESOLUTION; GASES; LINE AB The use of multiple calibration sets in partial least squares (PLS) regression was proposed to improve the quantitative determination of NH(3) over wide concentration ranges from open-path Fourier transform infrared (OP/FT-IR) spectra. The spectra were measured near animal farms, where the path-integrated concentration of NH(3) can fluctuate from nearly zero to as high as approximately 1000 ppm-m. PLS regression with a single calibration set did not cover such a large concentration range effectively, and the quantitative accuracy was degraded due to the nonlinear relationship between concentration and absorbance for spectra measured at low resolution (1 cm(-1) and poorer.) In PLS regression with multiple calibration sets, each calibration set covers a part of the entire concentration range, which significantly decreases the serious nonlinearity problem in PLS regression occurring when only a single calibration set is used. The relative error was reduced from approximately 6% to below 2%, and the best results were obtained with four calibration sets, each covering one quarter of the entire concentration range. It was also found that it was possible to build the multiple calibration sets easily and efficiently without extra measurements. C1 [Shao, Limin; Liu, Bianxia] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Chem, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. [Griffiths, Peter R.] Univ Idaho, Dept Chem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. ARS, USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Shao, LM (reprint author), Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Chem, Hefei 230026, Anhui, Peoples R China. EM limin.shao@gmail.com RI Shao, Limin/F-6096-2010 FU USDA/NWISL [58-5368-0-089F]; Agricultural Research Service, Northwest Irrigation and Soils Research Laboratory, Kimberly, Idaho; National Natural Science Foundation in China [20705032]; Chinese Universities Scientific Fund FX This work was funded by contract 58-5368-0-089F with the USDA/NWISL, Agricultural Research Service, Northwest Irrigation and Soils Research Laboratory, Kimberly, Idaho, and by the National Natural Science Foundation in China (Grant No. 20705032). This work was also partly funded by the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund. NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 24 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 5320 SPECTRUM DRIVE SUITE C, FREDERICK, MD 21703 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 65 IS 7 BP 820 EP 824 DI 10.1366/11-06265 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 787YL UT WOS:000292412500015 PM 21740645 ER PT J AU Bonnot, TW Thompson, FR Millspaugh, JJ AF Bonnot, Thomas W. Thompson, Frank R., III Millspaugh, Joshua J. TI Extension of landscape-based population viability models to ecoregional scales for conservation planning SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Central hardwoods; Demographic; Habitat; HSI; Landscape; Prairie warbler; Wood thrush; Worm-eating warbler; Viability modeling ID WOOD THRUSH POPULATIONS; NESTING SUCCESS; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; HABITAT SUITABILITY; MIGRATORY BIRDS; LAND BIRDS; NEW-WORLD; SINKS; FRAGMENTATION; UNCERTAINTY AB Landscape-based population models are potentially valuable tools in facilitating conservation planning and actions at large scales. However, such models have rarely been applied at ecoregional scales. We extended landscape-based population models to ecoregional scales for three species of concern in the Central Hardwoods Bird Conservation Region and compared model projections against long-term trend data from the North American Breeding Bird Survey. We used a spatially-explicit demographic model and structured the regional population into ecological subsections on the basis of habitat, landscape patterns, and demographic rates to assess species viability. Our model projections were within 2% of the Breeding Bird Survey trends over the last 40 years for each species. Wood thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) populations remained relatively stable over the simulation and worm-eating warbler (Helmitheros vermivonis) abundance increased throughout most of the time period until reaching carrying capacity. In contrast, the prairie warbler (Dendroica discolor) population steadily declined by 0.59% annually. The combination of habitat and demographic modeling allowed us to create models that address processes driving these populations at all scales, which is critical to understanding how regional populations respond to landscape processes such as habitat loss and fragmentation. Therefore, because it is spatially explicit and directly addresses population growth and viability, this approach provides a valuable foundation to planning conservation strategies, offering the ability to identify the most salient risks to viability and explore ways to address them. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bonnot, Thomas W.; Millspaugh, Joshua J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III] Univ Missouri, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Bonnot, TW (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 302 Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM bonnott@missouri.edu; frthompson@fs.fed.us; millspaughj@missouri.edu FU USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station; University of Missouri FX Funding was provided by the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station and the University of Missouri. We thank D.T. Jones-Farrand and W. Dijak for analytical support and advice and J.A. Fitzgerald and the Central Hardwoods Joint Venture for support and interest. We thank 2 anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. NR 72 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 144 IS 7 BP 2041 EP 2053 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2011.04.026 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 789BU UT WOS:000292489100013 ER PT J AU Chen, DJ Liu, ZL Banwart, W AF Chen, Diejun Liu, Z. Lewis Banwart, Wanye TI Concentration-dependent RDX uptake and remediation by crop plants SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Environmental contamination; Food chain safety; Phytoremediation; Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) ID HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE RDX; FATE; SOIL; BIODEGRADATION; DEGRADATION; EXPRESSION; WASTE; WATER AB The potential RDX contamination of food chain from polluted soil is a significant concern in regards to both human health and environment. Using a hydroponic system and selected soils spiked with RDX, this study disclosed that four crop plant species maize (Zea mays), sorghum (Sorghum sudanese), wheat (Triticum aestivum), and soybean (Glycine max) were capable of RDX uptake with more in aerial parts than roots. The accumulation of RDX in the plant tissue is concentration-dependent up to 21 mg RDX/L solution or 100 mg RDX/kg soil but not proportionally at higher RDX levels from 220 to 903 mg/kg soil. While wheat plant tissue harbored the highest RDX concentration of 2,800 mu g per gram dry biomass, maize was able to remove a maximum of 3,267 mu g RDX from soil per pot by five 4-week plants at 100 mg/kg of soil. Although RDX is toxic to plants, maize, sorghum, and wheat showed reasonable growth in the presence of the chemical, whereas soybeans were more sensitive to RDX. Results of this study facilitate assessment of the potential invasion of food chain by RDX-contaminated soils. C1 [Chen, Diejun; Banwart, Wanye] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Chen, Diejun; Liu, Z. Lewis] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Chen, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Diejun.Chen@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 18 IS 6 BP 908 EP 917 DI 10.1007/s11356-011-0449-9 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 789XK UT WOS:000292552400009 PM 21274639 ER PT J AU Makhoul, Z Kristal, AR Gulati, R Luick, B Bersamin, A O'Brien, D Hopkins, SE Stephensen, CB Stanhope, KL Havel, PJ Boyer, B AF Makhoul, Z. Kristal, A. R. Gulati, R. Luick, B. Bersamin, A. O'Brien, D. Hopkins, S. E. Stephensen, C. B. Stanhope, K. L. Havel, P. J. Boyer, B. TI Associations of obesity with triglycerides and C-reactive protein are attenuated in adults with high red blood cell eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE EPA; DHA; generalized additive models; Yup'ik eskimos; triglycerides; C-reactive protein ID N-3 FATTY-ACIDS; DISEASE RISK-FACTORS; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; ALASKA NATIVE HEALTH; MIDDLE-AGED MEN; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; INFLAMMATORY MARKERS; SERUM-LIPIDS; INSULIN-RESISTANCE AB Background: N-3 fatty acids are associated with favorable, and obesity with unfavorable, concentrations of chronic disease risk biomarkers. Objective: We examined whether high eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acid intakes, measured as percentages of total red blood cell (RBC) fatty acids, modify associations of obesity with chronic disease risk biomarkers. Methods: In a cross-sectional study of 330 Yup'ik Eskimos, generalized additive models (GAM) and linear and quadratic regression models were used to examine associations of BMI with biomarkers across RBC EPA and DHA categories. Results: Median (5th-95th percentile) RBC EPA and DHA were 2.6% (0.5-5.9%) and 7.3% (3.3-8.9%), respectively. In regression models, associations of BMI with triglycerides, glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and leptin differed significantly by RBC EPA and DHA. The GAM confirmed regression results for triglycerides and CRP: at low RBC EPA and RBC DHA, the predicted increases in triglycerides and CRP concentrations associated with a BMI increase from 25 to 35 were 99.5 +/- 45.3mg/dl (106%) and 137.8 +/- 71.0mg/dl (156%), respectively, for triglycerides and 1.2 +/- 0.7mg/l (61%) and 0.8 +/- 1.0mg/l (35%), respectively, for CRP. At high RBC EPA and RBC DHA, these predicted increases were 13.9 +/- 8.1mg/dl (23%) and 12.0 +/- 12.3mg/dl (18%), respectively, for triglycerides and 0.5 +/- 0.5mg/l (50%) and -0.5 +/- 0.6mg/l (-34%), respectively, for CRP. Conclusions: In this population, high RBC EPA and DHA were associated with attenuated dyslipidemia and low-grade systemic inflammation among overweight and obese persons. This may help inform recommendations for n-3 fatty acid intakes in the reduction of obesity-related disease risk. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2011) 65, 808-817; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2011.39;published online 23 March 2011 C1 [Makhoul, Z.; Kristal, A. R.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Canc Prevent Program, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Gulati, R.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Biostat & Biomath Program, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Luick, B.; Bersamin, A.; O'Brien, D.; Hopkins, S. E.; Boyer, B.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Ctr Alaska Native Hlth Res, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Stephensen, C. B.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Stanhope, K. L.; Havel, P. J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Mol Biosci, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Stanhope, K. L.; Havel, P. J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Makhoul, Z (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Canc Prevent Program, 1100 Fairview Ave N,M4-B402,POB 19024, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM zmakhoul@fhcrc.org RI O'Brien, Diane/B-2919-2010; OI O'Brien, Diane/0000-0001-5807-9661; Kristal, Alan/0000-0002-7329-1617 FU National Institute of Health (NIH) [P20 RR016430]; National Center for Research Resources (NCRR); NIH, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) FX We thank all study participants and their communities and the CANHR research team that made this study and manuscript possible. We thank Irena King and her staff at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, for the red blood cell fatty acid analyses. We thank Mario Kratz for his thoughtful input. This project has been funded by a National Institute of Health (NIH) grant P20 RR016430, a Centers for Biomedical Research Excellence grant from the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), and NIH grant R01 DK074842 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). The contents of this manuscript are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NCRR, NIDDK, NIH or the National Science Foundation. NR 58 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 6 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0954-3007 J9 EUR J CLIN NUTR JI Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 65 IS 7 BP 808 EP 817 DI 10.1038/ejcn.2011.39 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 788OT UT WOS:000292455000005 PM 21427737 ER PT J AU Stefferud, JA Gido, KB Propst, DL AF Stefferud, Jerome A. Gido, Keith B. Propst, David L. TI Spatially variable response of native fish assemblages to discharge, predators and habitat characteristics in an arid-land river SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gila River USA; hydrological regime; life-history traits; long-term research; species persistence ID SOUTHWESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; ALTERED FLOW REGIMES; LOWER COLORADO RIVER; NONNATIVE FISHES; UNITED-STATES; CONSERVATION; STREAM; DROUGHT; DESERT; BIODIVERSITY AB 1. Fish assemblages and habitats were sampled annually at fixed sites in three tributaries of the Gila River catchment over a 21-year span that included prolonged low-and high-flow periods. Model selection was used to evaluate responses of seven native fishes with variable ecological traits (four small-bodied cyprinids, one large-bodied cyprinid, and two large-bodied catostomids) to mean annual discharge and predacious non-native fishes across the three sites. We also compared habitat use and overlap of native and non-native fishes to identify potential for negative interactions among species. 2. Assemblage structure (species abundance and richness) and recruitment of native species was strongly and primarily affected by mean annual discharge and secondarily by location and densities of non-native predators (mainly the centrarchid Micropterus dolomieui). 3. Densities of age-0 catostomids and small-bodied cyprinids were positively associated with discharge, and this pattern was strongest in the tributary with the lowest densities of non-native predators. Absence or extreme low abundance of natives during low-flow years was most pronounced at the sites where non-native predators were comparatively common. Densities of adults of large-bodied native species also varied by site, but often were positively associated with densities of non-native predators. 4. Spatially variable responses of native fish assemblages indicated that the persistence of native fishes could be jeopardized if key habitats were lost or flow regimes unnaturally altered, particularly during low-flow conditions when recruitment of native fishes is low and predation by non-natives is high. Large-bodied species may be less vulnerable to multiple years of poor conditions because adults are able to avoid predation by non-natives and thus can rely on occasional high discharge years for successful recruitment. 5. As in other arid-land streams, native fish assemblages of the Gila River Basin continue to decline. Our results indicate that conservation requires specific knowledge and consideration of physical influences as well as life-history attributes of native and non-native fishes. C1 [Propst, David L.] New Mexico Dept Game & Fish, Conservat Serv Div, Santa Fe, NM 87503 USA. [Stefferud, Jerome A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Gido, Keith B.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Propst, DL (reprint author), New Mexico Dept Game & Fish, Conservat Serv Div, POB 25112, Santa Fe, NM 87503 USA. EM tiaroga@comcast.net RI Gido, Keith/B-5151-2013 NR 49 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 5 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0046-5070 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 56 IS 7 BP 1403 EP 1416 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02577.x PG 14 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 787WI UT WOS:000292407000012 ER PT J AU Hurlburt, BK Schmitt, D Isleib, TG Cheng, HP Garvey, C Koenig, RL Maleki, SJ AF Hurlburt, Barry K. Schmitt, David Isleib, Thomas G. Cheng, Hsiaopo Garvey, Cathryn Koenig, Robbin L. Maleki, Soheila J. TI Production of pure protein and antibodies and development of immunoassays to detect Ara h 3 levels in peanut varieties SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IGE-BINDING EPITOPES; MAJOR ALLERGEN; FOOD ALLERGY; MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; ATOPIC-DERMATITIS; ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA; IDENTIFICATION; CHILDREN; ARA-H-3 AB Peanuts are one of the most allergenic foods and are widespread in western food products. Therefore, there has been intense research into the allergic nature of the proteins involved. Ara h 3 is one of three immunodominant allergenic proteins. It is a 60-kDa protein, which forms following cleavage of the preprotein and association of the resultant 40- and 20-kDa subunits. The large subunit has been shown to harbour most of the reactive epitopes and has the protein fold likely responsible for its trypsin inhibitor activity. In this work, we have developed a method for the high-level expression and purification of recombinant Ara h 3 40- kDa subunit. Specific antibodies have been produced and applied to the secondary and tertiary screens of hundreds of peanut cultivars. Several of these cultivars were identified that have significantly reduced accumulation of Ara h 3. C1 [Hurlburt, Barry K.; Schmitt, David; Cheng, Hsiaopo; Garvey, Cathryn; Koenig, Robbin L.; Maleki, Soheila J.] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Isleib, Thomas G.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Hurlburt, BK (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM barry.hurlburt@ars.usda.gov OI Garvey, Cathryn/0000-0003-4256-0770 FU Georgia Peanut Commodity Commission; Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture FX This work was supported by the Georgia Peanut Commodity Commission and the Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0950-5423 J9 INT J FOOD SCI TECH JI Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 46 IS 7 BP 1477 EP 1484 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2011.02645.x PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 789ND UT WOS:000292521300019 ER PT J AU Abraham, D Kuhnle, RA Odgaard, AJ AF Abraham, David Kuhnle, Roger A. Odgaard, A. Jacob TI Validation of Bed-Load Transport Measurements with Time-Sequenced Bathymetric Data SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Bed load; Transport; Bathymetry; Dunes; Rivers ID RIVERS AB Advances in bathymetric data acquisition have made it possible to explore alternative methods for measuring bed-load transport in rivers. The method validated herein consists of measuring rates of bed scour by using time-sequenced bathymetric data. The validation is performed in a laboratory flume by comparing the measured rates of bed scour with direct measurements of bed-load transport. The bed forms in the flume are dunes traveling at nearly constant speed. The shape of the dunes remains nearly constant. No suspended load is present. The ranges for Froude and Rouse numbers are 0.24-0.50 and 4.6-10.4, respectively. The study shows that under the given conditions, bed-load transport determined from time-sequenced bathymetric data is equally accurate to that determined from measurements of bed-form amplitude and speed. Obtaining bed-load transport from time-sequenced bathymetric data is often more expedient than traditional methods. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000357. (C) 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Abraham, David] USA, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Kuhnle, Roger A.] ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, USDA, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Odgaard, A. Jacob] Univ Iowa, Maxwell Stanley Hydraul Lab, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Abraham, D (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM David.D.Abraham@usace.army.mil FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Engineer Research and Development Center (USACE-ERDC) in cooperation with the Agricultural Research Service-National Sedimentation Laboratory (ARS-NSL); Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research (IIHR) at the University of Iowa FX The research and data analysis presented herein were conducted under the sponsorship of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Engineer Research and Development Center (USACE-ERDC) in cooperation with the Agricultural Research Service-National Sedimentation Laboratory (ARS-NSL) and the Iowa Institute of Hydraulic Research (IIHR) at the University of Iowa. Permission was granted by the Chief of Engineers to publish this information. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 5 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD JUL PY 2011 VL 137 IS 7 BP 723 EP 728 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000357 PG 6 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 789LX UT WOS:000292518100002 ER PT J AU Evett, SR Schwartz, RC AF Evett, Steven R. Schwartz, Robert C. TI Discussion of "Soil Moisture Measurements: Comparison of Instrumentation Performances" by Ventura Francesca, Facini Osvaldo, Piana Stefano, and Rossi Pisa Paola SO JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID IN-FIELD SOILS; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; WATER; TRANSPORT; CALIBRATION; SENSOR; TIME C1 [Schwartz, Robert C.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM steve.evett@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9437 J9 J IRRIG DRAIN E-ASCE JI J. Irrig. Drainage Eng-ASCE PD JUL PY 2011 VL 137 IS 7 BP 466 EP 468 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000247 PG 3 WC Agricultural Engineering; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Engineering; Water Resources GA 789KU UT WOS:000292515200009 ER PT J AU Evans, A Chow, S Jennings, R Dave, J Scoblick, K Sterba, KR Loyo, J AF Evans, Alexandra Chow, Sherman Jennings, Rose Dave, Jayna Scoblick, Kathryn Sterba, Katherine Regan Loyo, Jennifer TI Traditional Foods and Practices of Spanish-Speaking Latina Mothers Influence the Home Food Environment: Implications for Future Interventions SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DIETETIC ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID VEGETABLE INTAKE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; DIABETES RISK; UNITED-STATES; FRUIT; CHILDREN; CONSUMPTION; BEHAVIORS; FAMILY; ACCULTURATION AB This study aimed to obtain in-depth information from low-income, Spanish-speaking Latino families with young children to guide the development of culturally appropriate nutrition interventions. Focus groups were used to assess parent's knowledge about healthful eating, the home food environment, perceived influences on children's eating habits, food purchasing practices, and commonly used strategies to promote healthful eating among their children. Thirty-four Latino parents (33 women; 27 born in Mexico; 21 food-insecure) of preschool-aged children participated in four focus group discussions conducted in Spanish by a trained moderator. The focus groups were audiotaped, transcribed, translated, and coded by independent raters. Results suggest that in general, parents were very knowledgeable about healthful eating and cited both parents and school as significant factors influencing children's eating habits; at home, most families had more traditional Mexican foods available than American foods; cost and familiarity with foods were the most influential factors affecting food purchasing; many parents had rules regarding sugar intake; and parents cited role modeling, reinforcement, and creative food preparation as ways to encourage children's healthful eating habits. Finally, parents generated ideas on how to best assist Latino families through interventions. Parents indicated that future interventions should be community based and teach skills to purchase and prepare meals that include low-cost and traditional Mexican ingredients, using hands-on activities. In addition, interventions could encourage and reinforce healthy food-related practices that Latino families bring from their native countries. J Am Diet Assoc. 2011;111:1031-1038. C1 [Evans, Alexandra; Chow, Sherman; Jennings, Rose] Univ Texas Austin, Sch Publ Hlth Austin Reg Campus, Michael & Susan Dell Ctr Healthy Living, Austin, TX 78701 USA. [Dave, Jayna] ARS, Dept Pediat, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. [Scoblick, Kathryn] St Davids S Austin Med Ctr, Austin, TX USA. [Sterba, Katherine Regan] Med Univ S Carolina, Hollings Canc Ctr, Dept Med, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Charleston, SC USA. [Loyo, Jennifer] Univ Texas Austin, Coll Educ, Dept Kinesiol & Hlth Educ, Austin, TX 78701 USA. RP Evans, A (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Sch Publ Hlth Austin Reg Campus, Michael & Susan Dell Ctr Healthy Living, 1616 Guadalupe St,Ste 6-300, Austin, TX 78701 USA. EM Alexandra.e.evans@uth.tmc.edu FU Michael & Susan Dell Foundation FX The Michael & Susan Dell Foundation provided funding for this study. NR 40 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 32 PU AMER DIETETIC ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 120 S RIVERSIDE PLZ, STE 2000, CHICAGO, IL 60606-6995 USA SN 0002-8223 J9 J AM DIET ASSOC JI J. Am. Diet. Assoc. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 111 IS 7 BP 1031 EP 1038 DI 10.1016/j.jada.2011.04.007 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 789BK UT WOS:000292488100011 PM 21703381 ER PT J AU Gazis, R Rehner, S Chaverri, P AF Gazis, Romina Rehner, Stephen Chaverri, Priscila TI Species delimitation in fungal endophyte diversity studies and its implications in ecological and biogeographic inferences SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE barcode of fungi; fungal biodiversity; genealogical sorting index; genetic markers; species complex; species identification ID PHYLOGENETIC EVALUATION; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; PINUS-TABULAEFORMIS; HOST-RANGE; SPECIATION; EVOLUTION; COMPLEX; TREE; BIODIVERSITY; DIVERGENCE AB The estimation of species diversity in fungal endophyte communities is based either on species counts or on the assignment of operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Consequently, the application of different species recognition criteria affects not only diversity estimates but also the ecological hypotheses that arise from those observations. The main objective of the study was to examine how the choice and number of genetic markers and species delimitation criteria influence biodiversity estimates. Here, we compare approaches to defining species boundaries in three dominant species complexes of tropical endophytes, specially Colletotrichum gloeosporioides agg., Pestalotiopsis microspora agg. and Trichoderma harzianum agg., from two Amazonian trees: Hevea brasiliensis and H. guianensis. Molecular tools were used to describe and compare the diversity of the different assemblages. Multilocus phylogenetic analyses [gpd, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and tef1] and modern techniques for phylogenetic species delimitation were overlaid with ecological data to recognize putative species or OTUs. The results demonstrate that ITS alone generally underestimates the number of species predicted by other nuclear loci. These results question the use of ITS and arbitrary divergence thresholds for species delimitation. C1 [Gazis, Romina; Chaverri, Priscila] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Rehner, Stephen] ARS, USDA, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Gazis, R (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, 2112 Plant Sci Bldg, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM rgazis@umd.edu OI Chaverri, Priscila/0000-0002-8486-6033 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0925672]; USDA-ARS [5812758407]; Amazon Conservation Association FX We are grateful to Ikenna Okafor and Jonathan Agro for their assistance in laboratory work. We also thank Samuel Cunio, Yanet Barrios, Maribel Espinoza, and Aurelie Nyaka for their help during fieldwork. Funding was provided by a National Science Foundation grant to P. Chaverri 'Biodiversity of fungal endophytes in rubber trees: Towards understanding their role as plant protection agents' (DEB-0925672); a USDA-ARS Cooperative Agreement #5812758407 to P. Chaverri; and an Amazon Conservation Association graduate research grant to R. Gazis. NR 84 TC 83 Z9 85 U1 3 U2 58 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 20 IS 14 BP 3001 EP 3013 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05110.x PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 788LF UT WOS:000292445700012 PM 21557783 ER PT J AU Greenstone, MH Vandenberg, NJ Hu, JH AF Greenstone, Matthew H. Vandenberg, Natalia J. Hu, Jing H. TI Barcode haplotype variation in north American agroecosystem lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Coccinella; Coccinellidae; Coleomegilla; cytochrome oxidase I; DNA barcode; Harmonia; Hippodamia ID COLEOMEGILLA-MACULATA COLEOPTERA; GENE FLOW; SEPTEMPUNCTATA COLEOPTERA; HARMONIA-AXYRIDIS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; UNITED-STATES; SPECIES COMPLEX; SOUTH-DAKOTA; IDENTIFICATION; ESTABLISHMENT AB DNA barcodes have proven invaluable in identifying and distinguishing insect pests, most notably for determining the provenance of exotic invasives, but relatively few insect natural enemies have been barcoded. We used Folmer et al.'s (1994) universal invertebrate primers and Hebert et al.'s (2004) for Lepidoptera, to amplify 658 bp at the 5' end of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase c subunit I (COI) gene in five species of lady beetles from crop fields in six states in the US Mid-Atlantic, Plains and Midwest: three native species, Hippodamia convergens Guerin-Meneville, H. parenthesis (Say) and Coleomegilla maculata (De Geer); and two exotic species, Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) and Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus. Sequence divergences within species were low, never exceeding 0.9% (Kimura 2-parameter distances). Sequence divergences between the two Hippodamia species ranged from 14.7 to 16.4%, mirroring the relationships found for other arthropod taxa. Among the exotic species, C. septempunctata sequences were as variable as those of the three native species, while H. axyridis populations comprised a single haplotype. Limited data on two Coleomegilla subspecies, C. in. lengi Timberlake and C. m. fuscilabris (Mulsant), are consistent with their belonging to the same species, although morphological and reproductive data indicate that they represent separate species. Our results support the general utility of COI barcodes for distinguishing and diagnosing coccinellid species, but point to possible limitations in the use of barcodes to resolve species assignments in recently divergent sibling species. C1 [Greenstone, Matthew H.; Hu, Jing H.] ARS, USDA, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Vandenberg, Natalia J.] ARS, USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Greenstone, MH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM matt.greenstone@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1755-098X J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 11 IS 4 BP 629 EP 637 DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.03007.x PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 788XU UT WOS:000292478500004 PM 21457477 ER PT J AU Broders, KD Woeste, KE SanMiguel, PJ Westerman, RP Boland, GJ AF Broders, K. D. Woeste, K. E. SanMiguel, P. J. Westerman, R. P. Boland, G. J. TI Discovery of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the uncharacterized genome of the ascomycete Ophiognomonia clavigignenti-juglandacearum from 454 sequence data SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE asexual fungi; butternut canker; high-throughput marker identification; next generation sequencing; non-model organism; reference sequence; single-nucleotide polymorphism ID LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; BUTTERNUT CANKER; NORTH-AMERICA; MARKERS; POPULATIONS; CONSERVATION; TOOL; MAP AB The benefits from recent improvement in sequencing technologies, such as the Roche GS FLX (454) pyrosequencing, may be even more valuable in non-model organisms, such as many plant pathogenic fungi of economic importance. One application of this new sequencing technology is the rapid generation of genomic information to identify putative single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to be used for population genetic, evolutionary, and phylogeographic studies on non-model organisms. The focus of this research was to sequence, assemble, discover and validate SNPs in a fungal genome using 454 pyrosequencing when no reference sequence is available. Genomic DNA from eight isolates of Ophiognomonia clavigignenti-juglandacearum was pooled in one region of a four-region sequencing run on a Roche 454 GS FLX. This yielded 71 million total bases comprising 217 000 reads, 80% of which collapsed into 16 125 754 bases in 30 339 contigs upon assembly. By aligning reads from multiple isolates, we detected 298 SNPs using Roche's GS Mapper. With no reference sequence available, however, it was difficult to distinguish true polymorphisms from sequencing error. EAGLEVIEW software was used to manually examine each contig that contained one or more putative SNPs, enabling us to discard all but 45 of the original 298 putative SNPs. Of those 45 SNPs, 13 were validated using standard Sanger sequencing. This research provides a valuable genetic resource for research into the genus Ophiognomonia, demonstrates a framework for the rapid and cost-effective discovery of SNP markers in non-model organisms and should prove especially useful in the case of asexual or clonal fungi with limited genetic variability. C1 [Broders, K. D.; Boland, G. J.] Univ Guelph, Sch Environm Sci, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Woeste, K. E.] Purdue Univ, USDA Forest Serv, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [SanMiguel, P. J.; Westerman, R. P.] Purdue Univ, Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Broders, KD (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Sch Environm Sci, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM kirk.broders@unh.edu RI SanMiguel, Phillip/I-2196-2015 OI SanMiguel, Phillip/0000-0002-3742-9527 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada FX We thank Richard Wilson, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) for assistance in locating infected trees in Ontario, OMNR and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada for funding of the project, the R. J. Hilton Centre of the University of Guelph Arboretum and the RARE Charitable Research Reserve for access to butternut trees. NR 35 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1755-098X J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 11 IS 4 BP 693 EP 702 DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2011.02998.x PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 788XU UT WOS:000292478500011 PM 21676199 ER PT J AU Lindner, DL Banik, MT AF Lindner, Daniel L. Banik, Mark T. TI Intragenomic variation in the ITS rDNA region obscures phylogenetic relationships and inflates estimates of operational taxonomic units in genus Laetiporus SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE evolution; Fungi; internal transcribed spacer region; intragenomic variation; molecular drive; sulfur shelf ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER; CONCERTED EVOLUTION; ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; NORTH-AMERICAN; LARGE-SUBUNIT; DIVERSITY; DNA AB Regions of rDNA are commonly used to infer phylogenetic relationships among fungal species and as DNA barcodes for identification. These regions occur in large tandem arrays, and concerted evolution is believed to reduce intragenomic variation among copies within these arrays, although some variation still might exist. Phylogenetic studies typically use consensus sequencing, which effectively conceals most intragenomic variation, but cloned sequences containing intragenomic variation are becoming prevalent in DNA databases. To understand effects of using cloned rDNA sequences in phylogenetic analyses we amplified and cloned the ITS region from pure cultures of six Laetiporus species and one Wolfiporia species (Basidiomycota, Polyporales). An average of 66 clones were selected randomly and sequenced from 21 cultures, producing a total of 1399 interpretable sequences. Significant variation (>= 5% variation in sequence similarity) was observed among ITS copies within six cultures from three species clades (L. cincinnatus, L. sp. clade J, and Wolfiporia dilatohypha) and phylogenetic analyses with the cloned sequences produced different trees relative to analyses with consensus sequences. Cloned sequences from L. cincinnatus fell into more than one species clade and numerous cloned L. cincinnatus sequences fell into entirely new clades, which if analyzed on their own most likely would be recognized as "undescribed" or "novel" taxa. The use of a 95% cut off for defining operational taxonomic units (OTUs) produced seven Laetiporus OTUs with consensus ITS sequences and 20 OTUs with cloned ITS sequences. The use of cloned rDNA sequences might be problematic in fungal phylogenetic analyses, as well as in fungal bar-coding initiatives and efforts to detect fungal pathogens in environmental samples. C1 [Lindner, Daniel L.; Banik, Mark T.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Lindner, DL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM dlindner@wisc.edu NR 73 TC 63 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 22 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 103 IS 4 BP 731 EP 740 DI 10.3852/10-331 PG 10 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 787XE UT WOS:000292409200005 PM 21289107 ER PT J AU Bruckart, WL Eskandari, FN Widmer, TL AF Bruckart, William L., III Eskandari, Farivar N. Widmer, Timothy L. TI Synchytrium solstitiale: reclassification based on the function and role of resting spores SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Asteraceae; biological control; Cardueae; Centaurea solstitialis Chytridiales; yellow starthistle ID CENTAUREA-SOLSTITIALIS; FALSE RUST; SP-NOV; CLASSIFICATION; GERMINATION; DISEASE AB Studies were made about resting spores of Synchytrium solstitiale, a chytrid that causes false rust disease of yellow starthistle (YST). During evaluation of this fungus for biological control of YST, a protocol for resting spore germination was developed. Details of resting spore germination and study of long-term survival of the fungus were documented. Resting spores from dried leaves germinated after incubating them on water agar at least 7 d at 110-15 C. Resting spores were viable after storage in air-dried leaves more than 2 y at room temperature, suggesting they have a role in off-season and long-term survival of the fungus. Each resting spore produced a single sorus that contained a single sporangium, which on germination released zoospores through a pore. YST inoculated with germinated resting spores developed symptoms typical of false rust disease. All spore forms of S. solstitiale have been found to be functional, and the life cycle of S. solstitiale has been completed under controlled laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Resting spore galls differ from sporangial galls both morphologically and biologically, and in comparison, each sporangial gall cleaves into several soli and each sorus produces 5-25 sporangia that rupture during release of zoospores. For this reason S. solstitiale should be reclassified as diheterogallic sensu Karling (Am J Bot 42:540-545). Because resting spores function as prosori and produce an external sorus, S. solstitiale is best placed in into the subgenus Exosynchytrium. C1 [Bruckart, William L., III; Eskandari, Farivar N.; Widmer, Timothy L.] ARS, USDA, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bruckart, WL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, 1301 Ditto Ave, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM william.bruckart@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD JUL-AUG PY 2011 VL 103 IS 4 BP 775 EP 778 DI 10.3852/10-286 PG 4 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 787XE UT WOS:000292409200009 PM 21471293 ER PT J AU De Lucca, AJ Boue, S Sien, T Cleveland, TE Walsh, TJ AF De Lucca, Anthony J. Boue, Stephen Sien, Tin Cleveland, Thomas E. Walsh, Thomas J. TI Silver enhances the in vitro antifungal activity of the saponin, CAY-1 SO MYCOSES LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus; Fusarium; fungicidal; saponin; CAY-1; silver ID ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES; CANDIDA-ALBICANS; RESISTANCE; COMPLEXES; BACTERIA; BURNS; MODEL; EDTA AB The fungicidal properties of purified CAY-1, dissolved silver ion and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) separately were studied in vitro as were the abilities of silver and EDTA to enhance CAY-1 fungicidal properties. Non-germinated and germinating conidia of Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium verticillioides (Fusarium moniliforme), Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani were incubated separately with CAY-1 (0-24.8 mu g ml(-1)), silver (0-111.1 mu g ml(-1)), and EDTA (0-2400 mu g ml(-1)). Controls consisted of non-germinated or germinated conidia in test medium. To assess combined activity, compounds, based on the sub-lethal doses of each as defined in the initial experiments, were combined and tested in bioassays. Controls for the mixed sets consisted of non-germinated or germinated conidia only or with the sub-lethal CAY-1 test concentrations. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for CAY-1 and silver, both separate and combined, were determined. Viability assays showed CAY-1 activity only against the germinating conidia of A. flavus, A. niger and F. solani. Silver was active against the germinating conidia of all fungi and the non-germinated conidia of F. oxysporum and F. solani. Combined silver and CAY-1 produced significant viability loss at concentrations not effective separately. EDTA was not fungicidal separately and did not enhance CAY-1 fungicidal properties. MIC data showed that CAY-1 plus silver had an additive effect. Results indicate that dissolved silver was fungicidal in vitro and enhanced the fungicidal properties of CAY-1 at concentrations ineffective when tested separately. C1 [De Lucca, Anthony J.; Boue, Stephen; Cleveland, Thomas E.] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. [Sien, Tin; Walsh, Thomas J.] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP De Lucca, AJ (reprint author), 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM adelucca@srrc.ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0933-7407 J9 MYCOSES JI Mycoses PD JUL PY 2011 VL 54 IS 4 BP E1 EP E9 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2009.01811.x PG 9 WC Dermatology; Mycology SC Dermatology; Mycology GA 789FY UT WOS:000292501600001 PM 20002309 ER PT J AU Swanton, CJ Mashhadi, HR Solomon, KR Afifi, MM Duke, SO AF Swanton, Clarence J. Mashhadi, Hamid R. Solomon, Keith R. Afifi, Maha M. Duke, Stephen O. TI Similarities between the discovery and regulation of pharmaceuticals and pesticides: in support of a better understanding of the risks and benefits of each SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE environment; regulatory; development; dose; risk ID HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; ACETYL-COA CARBOXYLASE; LIFE-EXPECTANCY GAINS; UNITED-STATES; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; DRUG DISCOVERY; EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT; HEALTH IMPLICATIONS; BREAST-CANCER; TOXICITY AB An argument is presented by which the role of pharmaceuticals and pesticides can both be viewed in terms of contributing to human health. Comparisons are made in terms of discovery and development, regulatory policies and environmental and human impacts. Both technologies target particular biological functions, and in many cases they target similar molecular sites of action. Pharmaceuticals and pesticides undergo a similar registration process; however, both can enter the environment where they can have adverse effects on non-target organisms and, if misused, will have detrimental effects on human health or the environment. It is suggested that the risks associated with the two technologies are similar. The rejection of pesticides by the general public is based primarily on personal value systems and the uncertainty of risk management. It is concluded that plant and animal health are vital to maintaining human health, and that pesticides used in food production are, as with pharmaceuticals, a vital tool used to maintain human health. (C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Swanton, Clarence J.; Afifi, Maha M.] Univ Guelph, Dept Plant Agr, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Mashhadi, Hamid R.] Univ Tehran, Dept Agron & Plant Breeding, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, Karaj, Iran. [Solomon, Keith R.] Univ Guelph, Sch Environm Sci, Ontario Agr Coll, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Duke, Stephen O.] Univ Mississippi, Agr Res Serv, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, Oxford, MS USA. RP Swanton, CJ (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Plant Agr, Crop Sci Bldg,50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM cswanton@uoguelph.ca NR 102 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 67 IS 7 BP 790 EP 797 DI 10.1002/ps.2179 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 787YE UT WOS:000292411800007 PM 21520394 ER PT J AU Meissle, M Hellmich, RL Romeis, J AF Meissle, Michael Hellmich, Richard L. Romeis, Joerg TI Impact of Cry3Bb1-expressing Bt maize on adults of the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bacillus thuringiensis; feeding bioassay; insecticidal protein; ELISA; C:N ratio; nutritional quality; Zea mays; genetically modified organisms ID FEEDING-BEHAVIOR; TRANSGENIC-MAIZE; CRY3BB1; NORTHERN; CONSUMPTION; GENERATIONS; ADAPTATION; SURVIVAL; PROTEIN; POLLEN AB BACKGROUND: Genetically engineered maize producing insecticidal Cry3Bb1 protein from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is protected from root damage by corn rootworm larvae. An examination was made to establish whether western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) adults are affected by Cry3Bb1-expressing maize (MON88017) when feeding on above-ground tissue. RESULTS: In laboratory bioassays, adult D. v. virgifera were fed for 7 weeks with silk, leaves or pollen from Bt maize or the corresponding near-isoline. Male, but not female, survival was reduced in the Bt-leaf treatment compared with the control. Female weight was lower when fed Bt maize, and egg production was reduced in the Bt-silk treatment. ELISA measurements demonstrated that beetles feeding on silk were exposed to higher Cry3Bb1 concentrations than beetles collected from Bt-maize fields in the United States. In contrast to silk and pollen, feeding on leaves resulted in high mortality and low fecundity. Females feeding on pollen produced more eggs than on silk. C:N ratios indicated that silk does not provide enough nitrogen for optimal egg production. CONCLUSIONS: Direct effects of Cry3Bb1 on adult beetles could explain the observed effects, but varietal differences between lit and control maize are also possible. The impact of Bt maize on adult populations, however, is likely to be limited. (C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Meissle, Michael; Romeis, Joerg] Agroscope Reckenholz Tanikon Res Stn ART, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. [Hellmich, Richard L.] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. RP Meissle, M (reprint author), Agroscope Reckenholz Tanikon Res Stn ART, Reckenholzstr 191, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. EM michael.meissle@art.admin.ch RI Romeis, Joerg/J-5360-2013 FU Swiss Confederation's Innovation Promotion Agency (CTI) [7487.1 LSPP-LS] FX The authors are grateful to Tim Haye of CABI Europe (Delemont, Switzerland) for providing D. v. virgifera pupae and for fruitful discussions on experimental methods. They thank Marco Peter and Mario Waldburger (Agroscope ART) for valuable help in conducting the experiments. Furthermore, they acknowledge Jens Leifeld and Robin Giger (Agroscope ART), who measured C:N ratios, and Kay Gloyna of the BTL Biotestlabor (Sagerheide, Germany) for guidance on sexing D. v. virgifera. Special thanks go to Patricia Prasifka, currently with Dow AgroScience LLC (Champaign, IL), and Jon Tolefson from Iowa State University (Ames, IA) for collecting beetles in the field, and to Stefan Toepfer (CABI Europe) for critical comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement or a recommendation by USDA for its use. This project was funded by the Swiss Confederation's Innovation Promotion Agency (CTI), project 7487.1 LSPP-LS. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 67 IS 7 BP 807 EP 814 DI 10.1002/ps.2117 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 787YE UT WOS:000292411800009 PM 21360646 ER PT J AU Peng, LN Trumble, JT Munyaneza, JE Liu, TX AF Peng, Linian Trumble, John T. Munyaneza, Joseph E. Liu, Tong-Xian TI Repellency of a kaolin particle film to potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), on tomato under laboratory and field conditions SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE potato psyllid; potato; kaolin particle film; repellency; management ID DIAPREPES-ABBREVIATUS COLEOPTERA; FRUIT-QUALITY; APHID HOMOPTERA; LIFE-HISTORY; CODLING MOTH; OVIPOSITION; APPLE; INSECTICIDES; CURCULIONIDAE; SUPPRESSION AB BACKGROUND: The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerel, is a vector of Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum, causing several diseases in solanaceous crops. Laboratory and field no-choice and choice experiments were conducted to evaluate the repellency of kaolin particle film on adults of B. cockerel on tomato plants that had been sprayed with kaolin particle film on the upper surface only, on the lower surface only and on both leaf surfaces. RESULTS: In no-choice tests in the laboratory, the numbers of adults on leaves were not different between the kaolin particle film and the water control, regardless of which leaf surface(s) were treated, but numbers of eggs were lower on the leaves treated with kaolin particle film than on those treated with water. In choice tests on plants treated with water/plants treated with kaolin particle film at ratios of 1 :1, 6 : 3 or 8 : 1, fewer adults and eggs were found on the leaves treated with kaolin particle film than on leaves treated with water. Under field conditions, in caged no-choice or choice tests, fewer adults, eggs and nymphs were found on plants treated with kaolin particle film than on plants treated with water. In an uncaged test under field conditions, plants sprayed with kaolin particle film had fewer psyllids than those sprayed with water. CONCLUSION: Even though potato psyllid adults could land on plants treated with kaolin particle film when no choice was given, fewer eggs were laid. When given a choice, the psyllids avoided plants treated with kaolin particle film under laboratory and field conditions. Kaolin particle film treatment may be a useful alternative for management of potato psyllids under field conditions. (C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Peng, Linian; Liu, Tong-Xian] NW A&F Univ, Key Lab Appl Entomol, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Peng, Linian; Liu, Tong-Xian] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Vegetable IPM Lab, Texas AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Weslaco, TX USA. [Peng, Linian] Plant Protect Stn Sichuan, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples R China. [Trumble, John T.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Munyaneza, Joseph E.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA USA. RP Liu, TX (reprint author), NW A&F Univ, Key Lab Appl Entomol, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM tongxianliu@yahoo.com FU Texas Department of Agriculture, Texas AgriLife Research; USDA-ARS; USDA RAMP [2009-51101-05892] FX The authors thank J Martinez, YM Zhang, YL Xiao, XB Yang and F Gao for technical assistance. They also wish to thank the Texas Department of Agriculture, Texas AgriLife Research, the USDA-ARS State Cooperative Potato Research Program and the USDA RAMP (2009-51101-05892) for financial support of this research. NR 49 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 67 IS 7 BP 815 EP 824 DI 10.1002/ps.2118 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 787YE UT WOS:000292411800010 PM 21337676 ER PT J AU Fast, BJ Ferrell, JA MacDonald, GE Sellers, BA MacRae, AW Krutz, LJ Kline, WN AF Fast, Brandon J. Ferrell, Jason A. MacDonald, Gregory E. Sellers, Brent A. MacRae, Andrew W. Krutz, L. Jason Kline, William N. TI Aminopyralid soil residues affect rotational vegetable crops in Florida SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE crop injury; yield loss; carryover ID APPLE SOLANUM-VIARUM; BAHIAGRASS; MELOIDOGYNE; DISEASES; PLANTS; WEED AB BACKGROUND: Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Fluegge) is a poor host of several soilborne pests of vegetable crops; therefore vegetable crops are commonly grown in a rotation with bahiagrass pastures in Florida. The herbicide aminopyralid provides foliar and soil residual weed control and increases forage production in bahiagrass pastures; however, the soil residual activity of aminopyralid makes carryover injury likely in subsequent sensitive vegetable crops. Field research was conducted to determine the sensitivity of five vegetable crops to soil residues of aminopyralid. RESULTS: At an aminopyralid soil concentration of 0.2 mu g kg(-1) (the limit of quantitation for aminopyralid in this research), crop injury ratings were 48% (bell pepper), 67% (eggplant), 71% (tomato), 3% (muskmelon) and 3% (watermelon), and fruit yield losses (relative to the untreated control) at that concentration were 61, 64, 95, 8 and 14% in those respective crops. CONCLUSIONS: The crops included in this research were negatively affected by aminopyralid at soil concentrations less than the limit of quantitation (0.2 mu g kg(-1)). Therefore, it was concluded that a field bioassay must be used to determine whether carryover injury will occur when these crops are planted on a site where aminopyralid has been previously applied. (C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Fast, Brandon J.] Dow AgroSci, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Ferrell, Jason A.; MacDonald, Gregory E.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Sellers, Brent A.] Univ Florida, Range Cattle Res & Educ Ctr, Ona, FL USA. [MacRae, Andrew W.] Univ Florida, Gulf Coast Res & Educ Ctr, Wimauma, FL USA. [Krutz, L. Jason] USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Kline, William N.] Dow AgroSci, Duluth, GA USA. RP Fast, BJ (reprint author), 9330 Zionsville Rd, Indianapolis, IN 46268 USA. EM BJFast@dow.com NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 67 IS 7 BP 825 EP 830 DI 10.1002/ps.2119 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 787YE UT WOS:000292411800011 PM 21413141 ER PT J AU Xu, LY Zhu, HP Ozkan, HE Bagley, WE Krause, CR AF Xu, Linyun Zhu, Heping Ozkan, H. Erdal Bagley, William E. Krause, Charles R. TI Droplet evaporation and spread on waxy and hairy leaves associated with type and concentration of adjuvants SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE deposition; evaporation time; formulation; leaf surface; pesticide; spray coverage; surfactant ID LEAF SURFACES; FOLIAR UPTAKE; CUTICULAR MEMBRANE; WATER DROPLETS; SURFACTANTS; HERBICIDES; ENVIRONMENT; ABSORPTION; PESTICIDES; HUMECTANTS AB BACKGROUND: Adjuvants can improve pesticide application efficiency and effectiveness. However, quantifications of the adjuvant-amended pesticide droplet actions on foliage, which could affect application efficiencies, are largely unknown. RESULTS: Droplet evaporation rates and spread on waxy or hairy leaves varied greatly with the adjuvant types tested. On waxy leaves, the wetted areas of droplets containing crop oil concentrate (COC) were significantly smaller than those containing modified seed oil (MSO), non-ionic surfactant (NIS) or oil surfactant blend (OSB), whereas the evaporation rates of COC-amended droplets were significantly higher. On hairy leaves, COC-amended droplets remained on top of the hairs without wetting the epidermis. When the relative concentration was 1.50, the wetted area of droplets with NIS was 9.2 times lower than that with MSO and 6.1 times lower than that with OSB. The wetted area increased as the adjuvant concentration increased. MSO- or OSB-amended droplets spread extensively on the hairy leaf surface until they were completely dried. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrated that the proper concentration of MSO, NIS or OSB in spray mixtures improved the homogeneity of spray coverage on both waxy and hairy leaf surfaces and could reduce pesticide use. Published 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Zhu, Heping; Krause, Charles R.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Ozkan, H. Erdal] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bagley, William E.] Wilbur Ellis Co, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Zhu, HP (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM heping.zhu@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 4 U2 52 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 67 IS 7 BP 842 EP 851 DI 10.1002/ps.2122 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 787YE UT WOS:000292411800014 PM 21370389 ER PT J AU Smith, JD Hamir, AN Greenlee, JJ AF Smith, J. D. Hamir, A. N. Greenlee, J. J. TI Cartilaginous Metaplasia in the Sclera of Suffolk Sheep SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cartilage; eye; metaplasia; sclera; sheep AB Scleral cartilaginous metaplasia was detected by routine histologic examination of globes from 5 Suffolk sheep from a scrapie pathogenesis study. The extent of the metaplasia varied among the sheep but was always posterior to the tapetal fundus. The matrix surrounding chondrocytes stained intensely with alcian blue and was immunopositive for type II collagen. Retrospective evaluation of additional eyes from Suffolk and Cheviot sheep used in various scrapie pathogenesis studies at the authors' facility revealed similar histologic changes in 40% and 12.7% of eyes examined, respectively. The clinical significance of this previously unreported finding is unknown. C1 [Smith, J. D.; Hamir, A. N.; Greenlee, J. J.] ARS, Virus & Pr Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Smith, JD (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Pr Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave,POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Jodi.Smith@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture FX We thank Virginia Montgomery, Martha Church, Judith Stasko, and James Fosse for excellent technical assistance. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this report is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 48 IS 4 BP 827 EP 829 DI 10.1177/0300985810382669 PG 3 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 787RV UT WOS:000292395300009 PM 20861498 ER PT J AU Stanhope, KL Griffen, SC Bremer, AA Vink, RG Schaefer, EJ Nakajima, K Schwarz, JM Beysen, C Berglund, L Keim, NL Havel, PJ AF Stanhope, Kimber L. Griffen, Steven C. Bremer, Andrew A. Vink, Roel G. Schaefer, Ernst J. Nakajima, Katsuyuki Schwarz, Jean-Marc Beysen, Carine Berglund, Lars Keim, Nancy L. Havel, Peter J. TI Metabolic responses to prolonged consumption of glucose- and fructose-sweetened beverages are not associated with postprandial or 24-h glucose and insulin excursions SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID SOFT DRINK CONSUMPTION; DIETARY GLYCEMIC INDEX; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; DIABETES-MELLITUS; VISCERAL ADIPOSITY; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; RISK-FACTORS; FIBER INTAKE; AGED ADULTS; FATTY LIVER AB Background: Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages has been shown to be associated with dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, fatty liver, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. It has been proposed that adverse metabolic effects of chronic consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages are a consequence of increased circulating glucose and insulin excursions, ie, dietary glycemic index (GI). Objective: We determined whether the greater adverse effects of fructose than of glucose consumption were associated with glucose and insulin exposures. Design: The subjects were studied in a metabolic facility and consumed energy-balanced diets containing 55% of energy as complex carbohydrate for 2 wk (GI = 64). The subjects then consumed 25% of energy requirements as fructose-or glucose-sweetened beverages along with their usual ad libitum diets for 8 wk at home and then as part of energy-balanced diets for 2 wk at the metabolic facility (fructose GI = 38, glucose GI = 83). The 24-h glucose and insulin profiles and fasting plasma glycated albumin and fructosamine concentrations were measured 0, 2, 8, and 10 wk after beverage consumption. Results: Consumption of fructose-sweetened beverages lowered glucose and insulin postmeal peaks and the 23-h area under the curve compared with the baseline diet and with the consumption of glucose-sweetened beverages (all P < 0.001, effect of sugar). Plasma glycated albumin concentrations were lower 10 wk after fructose than after glucose consumption (P < 0.01, effect of sugar), whereas fructosamine concentrations did not differ between groups. Conclusion: The results suggest that the specific effects of fructose, but not of glucose and insulin excursions, contribute to the adverse effects of consuming sugar-sweetened beverages on lipids and insulin sensitivity. This study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01165853. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94:112-9. C1 [Stanhope, Kimber L.; Vink, Roel G.; Havel, Peter J.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Mol Biosci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Stanhope, Kimber L.; Havel, Peter J.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Griffen, Steven C.; Berglund, Lars] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bremer, Andrew A.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Vink, Roel G.] Univ Maastricht, Maastricht, Netherlands. [Schaefer, Ernst J.; Nakajima, Katsuyuki] Tufts Univ, Lipid Metab Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Schaefer, Ernst J.; Nakajima, Katsuyuki] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Nakajima, Katsuyuki] Otsuka Pharmaceut Co Ltd, Div Diagnost, Tokyo, Japan. [Schwarz, Jean-Marc] Touro Univ, Coll Osteopath Med, Vallejo, CA USA. [Schwarz, Jean-Marc] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Beysen, Carine] KineMed Inc, Emeryville, CA USA. [Keim, Nancy L.] USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. RP Stanhope, KL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Mol Biosci, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM klstanhope@ucdavis.edu FU NIH [R01 HL-075675, HL-091333, AT-003545, DK-097307]; National Center for Research Resources (National Institutes of Health) [UL1 RR024146]; NIH Roadmap for Medical Research; USDA-ARS CRIS [5306-51530-016-00D] FX Supported by NIH grant R01 HL-075675, grant UL1 RR024146 from the National Center for Research Resources (a component of the National Institutes of Health), and the NIH Roadmap for Medical Research. PJH's laboratory received support from NIH grants HL-091333, AT-003545, and DK-097307. NLK was supported by intramural USDA-ARS CRIS grant 5306-51530-016-00D. NR 46 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 94 IS 1 BP 112 EP 119 DI 10.3945/ajcn.110.002246 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 779QK UT WOS:000291794800017 PM 21613559 ER PT J AU Yarasheski, KE Castaneda-Sceppa, C He, JX Kawakubo, M Bhasin, S Binder, EF Schroeder, ET Roubenoff, R Azen, SP Sattler, FR AF Yarasheski, Kevin E. Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen He, Jiaxiu Kawakubo, Miwa Bhasin, Shalender Binder, Ellen F. Schroeder, E. Todd Roubenoff, Ronenn Azen, Stan P. Sattler, Fred R. TI Whole-body and muscle protein metabolism are not affected by acute deviations from habitual protein intake in older men: the Hormonal Regulators of Muscle and Metabolism in Aging (HORMA) Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; RESISTANCE EXERCISE; GROWTH-HORMONE; ELDERLY-MEN; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; AMINO-ACIDS; AGE; HUMANS; YOUNG AB Background: Acute deviations in protein intake before the quantification of protein kinetics in older humans may explain the controversy over the effects of older age on muscle protein synthesis and proteolysis rates. Objective: We hypothesized that an acute decrease in protein intake from the habitual intake is associated with lower muscle protein synthesis and higher proteolysis rates, whereas an acute increase in protein intake from the habitual intake is associated with higher muscle protein synthesis and lower proteolysis rates. Design: In 112 community-dwelling healthy men aged 65-90 y, we quantified resting whole-body [1,2-(13)C(2)] leucine kinetics, muscle mixed protein fractional synthesis rates (FSRs), and muscle proteasome proteolytic enzyme activities after participants consumed for 3 d controlled research meals (0.9-1.1 g protein . kg(-1) . d(-1)) that contained more or less protein than that habitually consumed and that induced alterations in nitrogen balance. Results: Protein kinetic parameters were not significantly different between the groups, despite controlled research protein intakes that were lower (-0.2 to -0.3 g . kg(-1) . d(-1)) or higher (+0.2 g . kg(-1) . d(-1)) than habitual intakes and that induced negative (222 to 225 mg . kg(-1) . d(-1)) or positive (22-25 mg . kg(-1) . d(-1)) nitrogen balance. Within these acutely altered protein intake and nitrogen balance boundaries, a reduction in protein intake from habitual intake and induction of negative nitrogen balance were not associated with higher proteolysis or lower muscle FSR, and an acute increase in protein intake from habitual intake and induction of positive nitrogen balance were not associated with lower proteolysis or higher muscle FSR. A higher quantitative insulin sensitivity check index was associated with lower whole-body proteolysis rates. Conclusions: The practice of acutely controlling protein intake, even at intakes lower than habitual intakes that induce negative nitrogen balance, before quantifying human protein kinetics does not significantly reduce muscle protein synthesis or increase proteolysis. Factors other than protein intake explain lower muscle protein synthesis rates with advanced age. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials. gov as NCT00183040. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94:172-81. C1 [Yarasheski, Kevin E.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen; Roubenoff, Ronenn] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [He, Jiaxiu; Kawakubo, Miwa; Schroeder, E. Todd; Azen, Stan P.; Sattler, Fred R.] Univ So Calif, Dept Med, Div Biokinesiol, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Bhasin, Shalender] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Bhasin, Shalender] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston Claude D Pepper Older Amer Independence Ct, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Yarasheski, KE (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, 660 S Euclid Ave,Campus Box 8127, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. EM key@wustl.edu RI Yarasheski, Kevin/A-3025-2008; OI Yarasheski, Kevin/0000-0001-5436-2451 FU NIH [R01 AG18169]; NCRR GCRC at the University of Southern California [M01 RR000043]; NCRR GCRC [M01 RR000036]; Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Facility at Washington University School of Medicine [RR000954, DK020579, DK056341]; USDA ARS [58-1950-9-001]; GCRC at Tufts University [M01RR000054]; NIH at Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine [U01 AG14369, R01 DK70534] FX Supported in part by NIH R01 AG18169 and NCRR GCRC (M01 RR000043) at the University of Southern California, NCRR GCRC (M01 RR000036) and the Biomedical Mass Spectrometry Facility (RR000954, DK020579 and DK056341) at Washington University School of Medicine, the USDA ARS Cooperative Agreement (58-1950-9-001) and GCRC (M01RR000054) at Tufts University, and NIH U01 AG14369 and R01 DK70534 at Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 94 IS 1 BP 172 EP 181 DI 10.3945/ajcn.110.010959 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 779QK UT WOS:000291794800025 PM 21543538 ER PT J AU Nicklas, TA Qu, HY Hughes, SO He, MY Wagner, SE Foushee, HR Shewchuk, RM AF Nicklas, Theresa A. Qu, Haiyan Hughes, Sheryl O. He, Mengying Wagner, Sara E. Foushee, Herman R. Shewchuk, Richard M. TI Self-perceived lactose intolerance results in lower intakes of calcium and dairy foods and is associated with hypertension and diabetes in adults SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID BONE-MINERAL CONTENT; DIETARY CALCIUM; BLOOD-PRESSURE; VITAMIN-D; PRODUCT CONSUMPTION; COLORECTAL-CANCER; MILK INTOLERANCE; RISK; METAANALYSIS; MALABSORPTION AB Background: Self-perceived lactose intolerance may result in adverse dietary modifications; thus, more studies are needed to understand the prevalence of self-perceived lactose intolerance and how it relates to calcium intake and selected health conditions. Objective: The objective was to examine the effects of self-perceived lactose intolerance as it relates to calcium intake and specific health problems that have been attributed to reduced intakes of calcium and dairy foods in a nationally representative multiethnic sample of adults. Design: This was a cross-sectional study in a national sample of 3452 adults. The relation between self-perceived lactose intolerance, calcium intakes, and physician-diagnosed health conditions was analyzed by using linear regression analyses. Results: Of the total sample, 12.3% of respondents perceived themselves to be lactose intolerant. The age-adjusted prevalence of self-perceived lactose intolerance was 7.8% for non-Hispanic whites, 20.1% for non-Hispanic blacks, and 8.8% for Hispanics. Respondents with self-perceived lactose intolerance had significantly lower (P < 0.05) average daily calcium intakes from dairy foods than did those without self-perceived lactose intolerance. A significantly higher (P < 0.05) percentage of respondents with self-perceived lactose intolerance than of respondents without self-perceived lactose intolerance reported having physician-diagnosed diabetes and hypertension. The odds of self-reported physician-diagnosed diabetes or hypertension decreased by factors of 0.70 and 0.60, respectively, for a 1000-mg increase in calcium intake from dairy foods per day. Conclusions: Self-perceived lactose-intolerant respondents had a significantly lower calcium intake from dairy foods and reported having a significantly higher rate of physician-diagnosed diabetes and hypertension. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94:191-8. C1 [Nicklas, Theresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Qu, Haiyan; Wagner, Sara E.; Foushee, Herman R.] Univ Alabama, Ctr Study Community Hlth, Survey Res Unit, Birmingham, AL USA. [He, Mengying; Shewchuk, Richard M.] Univ Alabama, Dept Hlth Serv Adm, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Nicklas, TA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates Ave, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tnicklas@bcm.edu FU Dairy Research Institute; USDA/Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6-003] FX Supported by the Dairy Research Institute and USDA/Agricultural Research Service specific cooperative agreement 58-6250-6-003. NR 46 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 94 IS 1 BP 191 EP 198 DI 10.3945/ajcn.110.009860 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 779QK UT WOS:000291794800027 PM 21525197 ER PT J AU Yetley, EA Pfeiffer, CM Phinney, KW Fazili, Z Lacher, DA Bailey, RL Blackmore, S Bock, JL Brody, LC Carmel, R Curtin, LR Durazo-Arvizu, RA Eckfeldt, JH Green, R Gregory, JF Hoofnagle, AN Jacobsen, DW Jacques, PF Molloy, AM Massaro, J Mills, JL Nexo, E Rader, JI Selhub, J Sempos, C Shane, B Stabler, S Stover, P Tamura, T Tedstone, A Thorpe, SJ Coates, PM Johnson, CL Picciano, MF AF Yetley, Elizabeth A. Pfeiffer, Christine M. Phinney, Karen W. Fazili, Zia Lacher, David A. Bailey, Regan L. Blackmore, Sheena Bock, Jay L. Brody, Lawrence C. Carmel, Ralph Curtin, L. Randy Durazo-Arvizu, Ramon A. Eckfeldt, John H. Green, Ralph Gregory, Jesse F., III Hoofnagle, Andrew N. Jacobsen, Donald W. Jacques, Paul F. Molloy, Anne M. Massaro, Joseph Mills, James L. Nexo, Ebba Rader, Jeanne I. Selhub, Jacob Sempos, Christopher Shane, Barry Stabler, Sally Stover, Patrick Tamura, Tsunenobu Tedstone, Alison Thorpe, Susan J. Coates, Paul M. Johnson, Clifford L. Picciano, Mary Frances TI Biomarkers of folate status in NHANES: a roundtable summary SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FOLIC-ACID FORTIFICATION; WHOLE-BLOOD FOLATE; BIO-RAD RADIOASSAY; B-VITAMIN STATUS; HUMAN SERUM; MICROBIOLOGIC ASSAY; INTERNATIONAL STANDARD; UNITED-STATES; HUMAN PLASMA AB A roundtable to discuss the measurement of folate status biomarkers in NHANES took place in July 2010. NHANES has measured serum folate since 1974 and red blood cell (RBC) folate since 1978 with the use of several different measurement procedures. Data on serum 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5MTHF) and folic acid (FA) concentrations in persons aged >= 60 y are available in NHANES 1999-2002. The roundtable reviewed data that showed that folate concentrations from the Bio-Rad Quantaphase II procedure (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA; used in NHANES 1991-1994 and NHANES 1999-2006) were, on average, 29% lower for serum and 45% lower for RBC than were those from the microbiological assay (MA), which was used in NHANES 2007-2010. Round-table experts agreed that these differences required a data adjustment for time-trend analyses. The roundtable reviewed the possible use of an isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) measurement procedure for future NHANES and agreed that the close agreement between the MA and LC-MS/MS results for serum folate supported conversion to the LC-MS/MS procedure. However, for RBC folate, the MA gave 25% higher concentrations than did the LC-MS/MS procedure. The roundtable agreed that the use of the LC-MS/MS procedure to measure RBC folate is premature at this time. The roundtable reviewed the reference materials available or under development at the National Institute of Standards and Technology and recognized the challenges related to, and the scientific need for, these materials. They noted the need for a commutability study for the available reference materials for serum 5MTHF and FA. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94(suppl):303S-12S. C1 [Yetley, Elizabeth A.; Bailey, Regan L.; Sempos, Christopher; Coates, Paul M.; Picciano, Mary Frances] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Brody, Lawrence C.] NHGRI, Genome Technol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Mills, James L.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Pfeiffer, Christine M.; Fazili, Zia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Phinney, Karen W.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Lacher, David A.; Curtin, L. Randy; Johnson, Clifford L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Blackmore, Sheena] United Kingdom Natl External Qual Assessment Serv, Dept Haematol, Sutton, Coldfield, England. [Bock, Jay L.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Pathol, Med Ctr, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Carmel, Ralph] New York Methodist Hosp, Dept Med, Brooklyn, NY USA. [Carmel, Ralph] Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Durazo-Arvizu, Ramon A.] Loyola Univ Chicago, Stritch Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Maywood, IL USA. [Eckfeldt, John H.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Green, Ralph] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Med Pathol & Lab Med & Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Gregory, Jesse F., III] Univ Florida, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hoofnagle, Andrew N.] Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hoofnagle, Andrew N.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Jacobsen, Donald W.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Lerner Coll Med, Dept Mol Med, Cleveland Clin, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Jacobsen, Donald W.] Cleveland Clin, Lerner Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Jacques, Paul F.; Selhub, Jacob] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Molloy, Anne M.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Med, Dept Clin Med, Dublin, Ireland. [Massaro, Joseph] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA USA. [Nexo, Ebba] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Biochem, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Rader, Jeanne I.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. [Shane, Barry] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nutr Sci & Toxicol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Stabler, Sally] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Hematol, Dept Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Stover, Patrick] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Tamura, Tsunenobu] Univ Alabama, Dept Nutr Sci, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Tedstone, Alison] Dept Hlth, London SE1 6TE, England. RP Coates, PM (reprint author), NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, 6100 Execut Blvd,Room 3B01,MSC 7517, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM beth@yetley.com; coatesp@od.nih.gov RI Thorpe, Susan/E-1808-2013; OI Molloy, Anne/0000-0002-1688-9049 FU National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH FX Supported by the National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH. NR 52 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 94 IS 1 BP 303S EP 312S DI 10.3945/ajcn.111.013011 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 779QK UT WOS:000291794800045 PM 21593502 ER PT J AU Yetley, EA Pfeiffer, CM Phinney, KW Bailey, RL Blackmore, S Bock, JL Brody, LC Carmel, R Curtin, LR Durazo-Arvizu, R Eckfeldt, JH Green, R Gregory, JF Hoofnagle, AN Jacobsen, DW Jacques, PF Lacher, DA Molloy, AM Massaro, J Mills, JL Nexo, E Rader, JI Selhub, J Sempos, C Shane, B Stabler, S Stover, P Tamura, T Tedstone, A Thorpe, SJ Coates, PM Johnson, CL Picciano, MF AF Yetley, Elizabeth A. Pfeiffer, Christine M. Phinney, Karen W. Bailey, Regan L. Blackmore, Sheena Bock, Jay L. Brody, Lawrence C. Carmel, Ralph Curtin, L. Randy Durazo-Arvizu, Ramon Eckfeldt, John H. Green, Ralph Gregory, Jesse F., III Hoofnagle, Andrew N. Jacobsen, Donald W. Jacques, Paul F. Lacher, David A. Molloy, Anne M. Massaro, Joseph Mills, James L. Nexo, Ebba Rader, Jeanne I. Selhub, Jacob Sempos, Christopher Shane, Barry Stabler, Sally Stover, Patrick Tamura, Tsunenobu Tedstone, Alison Thorpe, Susan J. Coates, Paul M. Johnson, Clifford L. Picciano, Mary Frances TI Biomarkers of vitamin B-12 status in NHANES: a roundtable summary SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID PLASMA METHYLMALONIC ACID; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; TOTAL HOMOCYSTEINE; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS; SRM-1955 HOMOCYSTEINE; AUTOMATED-ASSAY; OLDER-ADULTS AB A roundtable to discuss the measurement of vitamin B-12 (cobalamin) status biomarkers in NHANES took place in July 2010. NHANES stopped measuring vitamin B-12-related biomarkers after 2006. The roundtable reviewed 3 biomarkers of vitamin B-12 status used in past NHANES-serum vitamin B-12, methylmalonic acid (MMA), and total homocysteine (tHcy)-and discussed the potential utility of measuring holotranscobalamin (holoTC) for future NHANES. The roundtable focused on public health considerations and the quality of the measurement procedures and reference methods and materials that past NHANES used or that are available for future NHANES. Roundtable members supported reinstating vitamin B-12 status measures in NHANES. They noted evolving concerns and uncertainties regarding whether subclinical (mild, asymptomatic) vitamin B-12 deficiency is a public health concern. They identified the need for evidence from clinical trials to address causal relations between subclinical vitamin B-12 deficiency and adverse health outcomes as well as appropriate cutoffs for interpreting vitamin B-12-related biomarkers. They agreed that problems with sensitivity and specificity of individual biomarkers underscore the need for including at least one biomarker of circulating vitamin B-12 (serum vitamin B-12 or holoTC) and one functional biomarker (MMA or tHcy) in NHANES. The inclusion of both serum vitamin B-12 and plasma MMA, which have been associated with cognitive dysfunction and anemia in NHANES and in other population-based studies, was preferable to provide continuity with past NHANES. Reliable measurement procedures are available, and National Institute of Standards and Technology reference materials are available or in development for serum vitamin B-12 and MMA. Am J Clin Nutr 2011;94(suppl):313S-21S. C1 [Yetley, Elizabeth A.; Bailey, Regan L.; Sempos, Christopher; Coates, Paul M.; Picciano, Mary Frances] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Pfeiffer, Christine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Phinney, Karen W.] NIST, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Blackmore, Sheena] United Kingdom Natl External Qual Assessment Serv, Dept Haematol, Sutton, Coldfield, England. [Bock, Jay L.] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Pathol, Med Ctr, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Brody, Lawrence C.] NHGRI, Genome Technol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Carmel, Ralph] New York Methodist Hosp, Dept Med, Brooklyn, NY USA. [Carmel, Ralph] Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Curtin, L. Randy; Lacher, David A.; Johnson, Clifford L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Durazo-Arvizu, Ramon] Loyola Univ Chicago, Stritch Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Maywood, IL USA. [Eckfeldt, John H.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Green, Ralph] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Med Pathol & Lab Med & Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Gregory, Jesse F., III] Univ Florida, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Hoofnagle, Andrew N.] Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Jacobsen, Donald W.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Lerner Coll Med, Cleveland Clin, Dept Mol Med, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Jacobsen, Donald W.] Cleveland Clin, Lerner Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Jacques, Paul F.; Selhub, Jacob] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Molloy, Anne M.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Dept Clin Med, Sch Med, Dublin, Ireland. [Massaro, Joseph] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA USA. [Mills, James L.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Nexo, Ebba] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Biochem, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Rader, Jeanne I.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. [Shane, Barry] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nutr Sci & Toxicol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Stabler, Sally] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Hematol, Dept Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Stover, Patrick] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Tamura, Tsunenobu] Univ Alabama, Dept Nutr Sci, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Tedstone, Alison] Dept Hlth, London SE1 6TE, England. [Thorpe, Susan J.] Natl Inst Biol Stand & Controls, Potters Bar, Herts, England. RP Coates, PM (reprint author), NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, 6100 Execut Blvd,Room 3B01,MSC 7517, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM beth@yetley.com; coatesp@od.nih.gov RI Thorpe, Susan/E-1808-2013; OI Molloy, Anne/0000-0002-1688-9049; Gregory, Jesse/0000-0002-9976-2085 FU National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health; Axis Shield Diagnostics FX Supported by the National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and MFP, CLJ, EAY, and PMC: conceived and sponsored the roundtable project; MFP, CLJ, EAY, PMC, RLB, DAL, AMM, JLM, CMP, KWP, CS, BS, and TT: served on the planning committee; EAY, CLJ, JHE, JM, RAD- A, CS, BS, CMP, KWP, JS, RC, EN, RLB, and DAL: presented data and backgroundinformation; EAY: drafted the manuscript with considerable input from CMP and KWP; EAY, CLJ, and PMC: had primary responsibility for the final manuscript content; and all authors: fully participated in the roundtable discussions and read and approved the final manuscript. RG and DWJ serve on the Scientific Advisory Boards of Emisphere Technologies Inc of Cedar Knolls, NJ, and PARPharmaceuticals of Woodcliff Lake, NJ. DWJ also serves on the Scientific Advisory Board of Diazyme-GA, La Jolla, CA. For the past 3 y, AMM carried out a research project that was funded by Axis Shield Diagnostics and also carried a consulting agreement with this firm. RC's hospital filed a patent application for his work on the genetics of transcobalamin I deficiency. None of the other authors had any personal or financial conflicts of interest.Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health. NR 58 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 94 IS 1 BP 313S EP 321S DI 10.3945/ajcn.111.013243 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 779QK UT WOS:000291794800046 PM 21593512 ER PT J AU Kalmbach, R Paul, L Selhub, J AF Kalmbach, Renee Paul, Ligi Selhub, Jacob TI Determination of unmetabolized folic acid in human plasma using affinity HPLC SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID MICROBIOLOGICAL ASSAY; LACTOBACILLUS-CASEI; TOTAL HOMOCYSTEINE; FOLATE CONTENT; FORTIFICATION; DEFICIENCY; CHROMATOGRAPHY; HEALTH; FOOD; RAT AB Background: Folic acid (FA) fortification of food created the need to determine whether fortification elevated concentrations of unmetabolized FA in plasma and whether this form of the vitamin in blood is associated with adverse health outcomes. Objective: The objective of this research was to devise a simple, rapid method for the measurement of unmetabolized plasma FA in epidemiologic studies. Design: We previously used the affinity/HPLC with electrochemical detection method to measure folate distribution in human plasma and red blood cells (RBCs). We modified this method with the inclusion of synthetic ethyltetrahydrofolate as an internal standard and with the use of 2 affinity columns connected in parallel to the analytic column through a switching valve to allow one column to be loaded while the other column was eluted into the analytic column. Results: We identified FA and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-mTHF) by retention time and characteristic response across the channels of the electrochemical detector. Limits of detection were 0.034 pmol for 5-mTHF and 0.027 pmol for FA per injection, and the recovery was 92.2% (5-mTHF) and 98.9% (FA). CVs for samples were 8.1% for (within day) and 6.8% (between day) for 5-mTHF and 3.2% (within day) and 5.9% (between day) for FA. Total folate with the use of this method correlated highly (r(2) = 0.98, P < 0.001) with values from the microbial assay. The run time for the method was 30 min per sample. Researchers can use this method with longer run times to measure the distribution of folate forms in RBCs. Conclusion: This updated method allows efficient analysis of folate forms in human plasma and tissues without the loss of sensitivity or precision. Am J Clin Nutr doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.013433. C1 [Kalmbach, Renee; Paul, Ligi; Selhub, Jacob] Tufts Univ, Vitamin Metab & Aging Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Selhub, J (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Vitamin Metab & Aging Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jselhub@tufts.edu FU US Department of Agriculture [1950-51520-008-00D, 2006-35200-17198]; National Center for Health Statistics of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health FX The US Department of Agriculture partly supported this research under agreement 1950-51520-008-00D, USDA Grant 2006-35200-17198. The National Center for Health Statistics of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health cosponsored and supported the roundtable. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 94 IS 1 DI 10.3945/ajcn.111.013433 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 779QK UT WOS:000291794800050 PM 21593489 ER PT J AU Maschinski, J Ross, MS Liu, H O'Brien, J von Wettberg, EJ Haskins, KE AF Maschinski, Joyce Ross, Michael S. Liu, Hong O'Brien, Joe von Wettberg, Eric J. Haskins, Kristin E. TI Sinking ships: conservation options for endemic taxa threatened by sea level rise SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID RAPID CLIMATE-CHANGE; ASSISTED COLONIZATION; FLORIDA-KEYS; REINTRODUCTION BIOLOGY; CONTEMPORARY EVOLUTION; POPULATION; MANAGEMENT; PLANTS; ADAPTATION; TRANSLOCATIONS AB Low-elevation islands face threats from sea level rise (SLR) and increased storm intensity. Evidence of endangered species' population declines and shifts in vegetation communities are already underway in the Florida Keys. SLR predictions indicate large areas of these habitats may be eliminated in the next century. Using the Florida Keys as a model system, we present a process for evaluating conservation options for rare and endemic taxa. Considering species characteristics and habitat, we assess central issues that influence conservation options. We contrast traditional and controversial options for two animal and two plant species giving special emphasis to perceptions of ecological risk and safety from SLR and suggest courses of action. Multiple strategies will be required to spread extinction risk and will be effective for different time periods. Global climate change presents an uncertain, perhaps no-analog future that will challenge land managers and practitioners to re-evaluate equilibrium-state-conceived laws and policies not only for these taxa, but for many facing similar threats. To embrace conservation in a changing world will require a new dialogue that includes controversial ideas, a review of existing laws and policies, and preparation for the oncoming change. C1 [Maschinski, Joyce; Liu, Hong; von Wettberg, Eric J.] Fairchild Trop Bot Garden, Ctr Trop Plant Conservat, Coral Gables, FL 33156 USA. [Ross, Michael S.; Liu, Hong] Florida Int Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Ross, Michael S.] Florida Int Univ, SE Environm Res Ctr, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [O'Brien, Joe] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [von Wettberg, Eric J.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Haskins, Kristin E.] Arboretum Flagstaff, Res Dept, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Maschinski, J (reprint author), Fairchild Trop Bot Garden, Ctr Trop Plant Conservat, 11935 Old Cutler Rd, Coral Gables, FL 33156 USA. EM jmaschinski@fairchildgarden.org RI von Wettberg, Eric/C-1115-2016 OI von Wettberg, Eric/0000-0002-2724-0317 FU NSF [PGRP 0820846] FX This contribution arose from the Florida Sea Level Rise Symposium. We would like to thank Reed and Myra Noss for organizing the symposium and inviting us to speak there. We thank Hilary Swain for hosting the conference and University of Florida and Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden for financial support. EvW is supported by NSF PGRP 0820846. Tony De Luz kindly created Fig. 1 and Jennifer Possley created Fig. 2. NR 90 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 6 U2 49 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD JUL PY 2011 VL 107 IS 1-2 BP 147 EP 167 DI 10.1007/s10584-011-0083-z PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 777XH UT WOS:000291658000008 ER PT J AU Kuraparthy, V Sood, S Guedira, GB Gill, BS AF Kuraparthy, Vasu Sood, Shilpa Guedira, Gina-Brown Gill, Bikram S. TI Development of a PCR assay and marker-assisted transfer of leaf rust resistance gene Lr58 into adapted winter wheats SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Wheat; Rust resistance; Marker-assisted selection; Mapping ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; CHROMOSOMES; SEQUENCE; REGION; LINES AB Leaf rust resistance gene Lr58 derived from Aegilops triuncialis L. was transferred to the hard red winter wheat (HRWW) cultivars Jagger and Overley by standard backcrossing and marker-assisted selection (MAS). A co-dominant PCR-based sequence tagged site (STS) marker was developed based on the sequence information of the RFLP marker (XksuH16) diagnostically detecting the alien segment in T2BS center dot 2BL-2(t)L(0.95). STS marker Xncw-Lr58-1 was used to select backcross F-1 plants with rust resistance. The co-dominant marker polymorphism detected by primer pair NCW-Lr58-1 efficiently identified the homozygous BC3F2 plants with rust resistance gene Lr58. The STS marker Xncw-Lr58-1 showed consistent diagnostic polymorphism between the resistant source and the wheat cultivars selected by the US Wheat Coordinated Agricultural Project. The utility and compatibility of the STS marker in MAS programs involving robust genotyping platforms was demonstrated in both agarose-based and capillary-based platforms. Screening backcross derivatives carrying Lr58 with various rust races at seedling stage suggested the transferred rust resistance in adapted winter wheats is stable in both cultivar backgrounds. Lr58 in adapted winter wheat backgrounds could be used in combination with other resistance genes in wheat rust resistance breeding. C1 [Kuraparthy, Vasu; Sood, Shilpa] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Guedira, Gina-Brown] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Reg Small Grains Genotyping Lab, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Gill, Bikram S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wheat Genet & Genom Resources Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Kuraparthy, V (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM vasu_kuraparthy@ncsu.edu FU North Carolina Agricultural Research Service and Kansas Wheat Commission FX This research was supported by the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service and Kansas Wheat Commission. We thank Dr. Robert Bowden (USDA-ARS) for providing the rust cultures. We extend a special note of thanks to Duane Wilson (KSU) and Jared Smith (NCSU) for their excellent technical assistance. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 EI 1573-5060 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JUL PY 2011 VL 180 IS 2 BP 227 EP 234 DI 10.1007/s10681-011-0383-4 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 777YE UT WOS:000291660300008 ER PT J AU Cheema, BSB Abas, H Smith, BCF O'Sullivan, AJ Chan, M Patwardhan, A Kelly, J Gillin, A Pang, G Lloyd, B Berger, K Baune, BT Singh, MAF AF Cheema, Birinder Singh Bobby Abas, Haifa Smith, Benjamin C. F. O'Sullivan, Anthony J. Chan, Maria Patwardhan, Aditi Kelly, John Gillin, Adrian Pang, Glen Lloyd, Brad Berger, Klaus Baune, Bernhard T. Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone TI Effect of resistance training during hemodialysis on circulating cytokines: a randomized controlled trial SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Muscle; End stage renal disease; Quality of life; Health ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; CHRONIC HEART-FAILURE; CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; INFLAMMATORY MARKERS; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ALL-CAUSE AB The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a 12-week intradialytic progressive resistance training (PRT) regimen on circulating pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Forty-nine patients (62.6 +/- A 14.2 years) were recruited from the outpatient hemodialysis unit of the St. George Public Hospital, Sydney, Australia. Patients were randomized to: PRT + usual care (n = 24) or usual care control (n = 25). The PRT group performed two sets of 10 exercises at high intensity using free-weights, 3 times per week for 12 weeks during dialysis, while the control group did not exercise. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1b, interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10, and interleukin-12 were measured in serum before and after the intervention period. Muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), intramuscular lipid, intermuscular adipose tissue, and subcutaneous and total thigh fat, evaluated via computed tomography of the non-dominant mid-thigh, were also collected at both time points. All cytokines were significantly elevated in the total cohort at baseline compared with normative data. There were no cytokine changes over time or between groups (p > 0.05). In secondary analyses pooling the groups, changes in logIL-6 and IL-8 were inversely related to changes subcutaneous thigh fat (p < 0.05) while changes in logIL-6 were also inversely related to changes in thigh muscle CSA, and total thigh fat (p < 0.03). These data suggest that 12 weeks of intradialytic progressive resistance training does not improve circulating pro- and anti-inflammatory markers. Further research is required to elucidate the implications and mechanisms of the relationships between IL-6 and IL-8 and body composition in ESRD. C1 [Cheema, Birinder Singh Bobby; Abas, Haifa; Smith, Benjamin C. F.; Lloyd, Brad; Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Exercise Hlth & Performance Res Grp, Sch Sport & Exercise Sci, Sydney, NSW 2141, Australia. [O'Sullivan, Anthony J.] Univ New S Wales, Dept Med, St George Hosp, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia. [Chan, Maria; Pang, Glen] St George Hosp, Dept Nutr & Dietet, Kogarah, NSW 2217, Australia. [Kelly, John] St George Hosp, Dept Renal Med, Kogarah, NSW 2217, Australia. [Patwardhan, Aditi] Royal Prince Alfred Hosp, Dept Nutr & Dietet, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia. [Gillin, Adrian] Royal Prince Alfred Hosp, Dept Renal Med, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia. [Berger, Klaus] Univ Munster, Inst Epidemiol & Social Med, D-48129 Munster, Germany. [Baune, Bernhard T.] Univ Adelaide, Discipline Psychiat, Sch Med, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Tufts Univ, Hebrew Senior Life & Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr C, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Cheema, BSB (reprint author), Univ Western Sydney, Sch Biomed & Hlth Sci, Locked Bag 1797, Sydney, NSW 1797, Australia. EM B.Cheema@uws.edu.au OI smith, benjamin/0000-0003-1218-7290 NR 47 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1439-6319 J9 EUR J APPL PHYSIOL JI Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 111 IS 7 BP 1437 EP 1445 DI 10.1007/s00421-010-1763-5 PG 9 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 777FV UT WOS:000291602200020 PM 21161265 ER PT J AU Tomosy, M Stoleson, SH King, DI AF Tomosy, Monica Stoleson, Scott H. King, David I. TI A century of avian research on USFS experimental forests and ranges: Introduction to the special section on long-term avian research on experimental forests and ranges SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Stoleson, Scott H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Irvine, PA 16329 USA. [Tomosy, Monica] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [King, David I.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Stoleson, SH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, POB 267, Irvine, PA 16329 USA. EM mstomosy@fs.fed.us; sstoleson@fs.fed.us; dking@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 262 IS 1 SI SI BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.04.033 PG 2 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 781DA UT WOS:000291909600001 ER PT J AU King, DI Yamasaki, M DeGraaf, RM Costello, CA AF King, David I. Yamasaki, Mariko DeGraaf, Richard M. Costello, Christine A. TI Three decades of avian research on the Bartlett Experimental Forest, New Hampshire, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Management; Nest predation; Ornithology; Post-fledging; Shrubland birds; Silviculture ID BREEDING BIRD POPULATIONS; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST; GROUND-NESTING BIRDS; CLEAR-CUT; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; HABITAT USE; VIDEO IDENTIFICATION; DOMINATED LANDSCAPE; MIGRATORY BIRDS AB Ornithological research from the Bartlett Experimental Forest in New Hampshire, U.S.A. has provided information useful for developing management practices for northern hardwoods forests and understanding factors affecting avian populations. This work also serves to illustrate numerous features and characteristics of experimental forests that facilitate research. One example is opportunities for long-term and interdisciplinary research, illustrated by the application of a 25-year data set on snag longevity collected as part of a silvicultural experiment to evaluate habitat conditions for cavity nesting birds. Experimental forests also provide a conduit for information to managers by virtue of their collocation with U.S National Forests (Stoleson and King, this issue). At the time bird research was initiated on the Bartlett Experimental Forest the potential for forest management to fragment habitat in forested landscapes in the northeast U.S.A. was unknown, because the only studies on this topic were from the Midwest or Mid-Atlantic States where forest patches are isolated by agricultural or suburban development. Research on the Bartlett Experimental Forest has provided managers with region-specific information on the potential for silviculture and associated development to fragment forests, indicating that unlike less forested landscapes, cowbirds (Molothrus ater) are rare, and that edges created by forest roads in extensively forested landscapes have little effect on mature forest birds. Research from the Bartlett Experimental Forest has also provided guidance to managers for providing habitat for shrubland birds, both in terms of silvicultural prescriptions (Yamasaki et al., in preparation) and patch area (Costello et al., 2000). Experimental Forests also provide access to facilities and infrastructure, such as road networks, laboratory space and housing, to facilitate research requiring frequent access to sites, such as radio telemetry investigations (King et al., 2006; Chandler, 2006). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [King, David I.; DeGraaf, Richard M.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Yamasaki, Mariko] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Costello, Christine A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Bartlett, NH 03812 USA. RP King, DI (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, 201 Holdsworth NRC, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM dking@fs.fed.us NR 95 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 262 IS 1 SI SI BP 3 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.037 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 781DA UT WOS:000291909600002 ER PT J AU Purcell, KL AF Purcell, Kathryn L. TI Long-term avian research at the San Joaquin Experimental Range: Recommendations for monitoring and managing oak woodlands SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Avian monitoring; Experimental forests and ranges; Life history strategies; Nest boxes; Oak woodlands; Source-sink dynamics ID POINT COUNTS; CALIFORNIA QUAIL; PINE WOODLANDS; DENSITY; VARIABILITY; TRANSECTS; SUCCESS; INDEXES; DESIGN; TRENDS AB Experimental forests and ranges are living laboratories that provide opportunities for conducting scientific research and transferring research results to partners and stakeholders. They are invaluable for their long-term data and capacity to foster collaborative, interdisciplinary research. The San Joaquin Experimental Range (SJER) was established to develop appropriate land management practices on foothill rangelands in California. SJER has a long and rich history of avian research. Natural history observations recorded since 1935 demonstrate that oak woodlands are one of the most diverse habitat types in North America. Early avian studies focused on California quail (Callipepla californica) as a game species and led to insights on quail diet and habitat requirements. Starting in the late 1970s, the focus of avian research shifted to methods for detecting changes in wildlife populations over time and response to management practices. This research has led to important recommendations for implementing bird monitoring programs. Using data collected on bird numbers, in conjunction with monitoring reproductive success of all species, recent studies have examined life history strategies, source-sink dynamics, the effects of livestock grazing, and the impacts of an invasive species on native cavity-nesting species. We are currently in the process of examining population trends and predicting the effects of climate change using long-term data. SJER continues to provide unique opportunities for research and educational activities that increase our understanding of the foothill oak woodlands of California. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Fresno, CA 93710 USA. RP Purcell, KL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, 2081 E Sierra Ave, Fresno, CA 93710 USA. EM kpurcell@fs.fed.us RI Purcell, Kathryn/S-2592-2016 FU U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Fresno FX We thank those who had the vision and foresight to create an experimental area dedicated to learning how to better manage California's foothill oak woodlands. I am ever grateful to Jerry Verner for envisioning and initiating this work, especially the still ongoing point count monitoring. We are deeply indebted to the many field assistants who have helped us collect these data. Sylvia Mori provided help with statistical analyses. The manuscript benefitted from constructive reviews by J. Verner, Scott Stoleson and David King. Funding for this research was provided by the U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Fresno. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 262 IS 1 SI SI BP 12 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.039 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 781DA UT WOS:000291909600003 ER PT J AU Wunderle, JM Arendt, WJ AF Wunderle, Joseph M., Jr. Arendt, Wayne J. TI Avian studies and research opportunities in the Luquillo Experimental Forest: A tropical rain forest in Puerto Rico SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Birds; El Yunque National Forest; Hurricane effects; Luquillo Experimental Forest; Tropical rain forest ID THRASHER MARGAROPS-FUSCATUS; PARROT AMAZONA-VITTATA; PEARLY-EYED THRASHERS; BOAS EPICRATES-INORNATUS; TRANS-SHELL INFECTION; HURRICANE HUGO; PHILORNIS ECTOPARASITISM; BREEDING BIOLOGY; BIRD POPULATIONS; VIRGIN-ISLANDS AB The Luquillo Experimental Forest (LEF) located on the Caribbean island of Puerto Rico has a rich history of ecological research, including a variety of avian studies, and is one of the most active ecological research sites in the Neotropics. The LEF spans an elevational range from 100 to 1075 m over which five life zones and four forest types are found in a warm, humid subtropical climate. A total of 23 bird species breeds here and another 76 species, mostly migrants, are known to occur. The food web of the forest in the lower elevations is especially well studied, which allows an assessment of the role of birds in the food web. The LEF is noted for its high densities of Eleutherodactylus frogs and Anolis lizards, which may depress insect densities thereby contributing to the low species richness and densities of most insectivorous birds. The signature species of the forest is the endangered Puerto Rican Parrot (Amazona vittata) that has been the focus of intensive long-term research and recovery efforts, which have spawned research on associated species, including long-term studies on the Pearly-eyed Thrasher (Margarops fuscatus) and botfly (Philornis spp.) ectoparasitism. Given the frequency of hurricane disturbance to the LEF and studies providing baseline for comparisons, research has made major contributions to an understanding of the effects of hurricanes on forest ecosystems including bird populations and their resources. We summarize these and other studies from the LEF to characterize the avifauna and its environment while noting studies with management implications and identify opportunities for future ornithological studies. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Wunderle, Joseph M., Jr.; Arendt, Wayne J.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Sabana Field Res Stn, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. RP Wunderle, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Sabana Field Res Stn, HC 02,Box 6205, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. EM jmwunderle@gmail.com NR 159 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 262 IS 1 SI SI BP 33 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.035 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 781DA UT WOS:000291909600005 ER PT J AU Stoleson, SH King, DI Tomosy, M AF Stoleson, Scott H. King, David I. Tomosy, Monica TI Avian research on US Forest Service Experimental Forests and Ranges: Emergent themes, opportunities, and challenges SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Experimental Forests and Ranges; Ornithology; Research opportunities ID RED-COCKADED WOODPECKERS; SEIURUS-MOTACILLA; PONDEROSA PINE; BIRDS; DISPERSAL; INCREASE; SONGBIRD; CANOPY; OREGON AB Since 1908, U.S. Forest Service Experimental Forests and Ranges have been dedicated to long-term interdisciplinary research on a variety of ecological and management questions. They encompass a wide diversity of life zones and ecoregions, and provide access to research infrastructure, opportunities for controlled manipulations, and integration with other types of long-term data. These features have facilitated important advances in a number of areas of avian research, including furthering our understanding of population dynamics, the effects of forest management on birds, avian responses to disturbances such as fire and hurricanes, and other aspects of avian ecology and conservation. However, despite these contributions, this invaluable resource has been underutilized by ornithologists. Most of the Experimental Forests and Ranges have had no ornithological work done on them. We encourage the ornithological community, especially graduate students and new faculty, to take advantage of this largely untapped potential for long-term work, linkage with long-term data sets, multiple disciplines, and active forest management. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Stoleson, Scott H.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Irvine, PA 16329 USA. [King, David I.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Tomosy, Monica] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. RP Stoleson, SH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, POB 267, Irvine, PA 16329 USA. EM sstoleson@fs.fed.us; dking@fs.fed.us; mstomosy@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station FX We thank our colleagues who participated in the Experimental Forest and Range symposium at the annual meeting of the American Ornithologists' Union in Philadelphia, August 2009; and the leadership of the U.S. Forest Service, Northern Research Station that helped fund the symposium. Comments by M.B. Adams, S.L. Stout, P.B. Wood, and two anonymous reviewers significantly improved this manuscript. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 262 IS 1 SI SI BP 49 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2010.07.038 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 781DA UT WOS:000291909600006 ER PT J AU Ramabu, SS Schneider, DA Brayton, KA Ueti, MW Graca, T Futse, JE Noh, SM Baszler, TV Palmer, GH AF Ramabu, Solomon S. Schneider, David A. Brayton, Kelly A. Ueti, Massaro W. Graca, Telmo Futse, James E. Noh, Susan M. Baszler, Timothy V. Palmer, Guy H. TI Expression of Anaplasma marginale Ankyrin Repeat-Containing Proteins during Infection of the Mammalian Host and Tick Vector SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEINS; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; INTRACELLULAR BACTERIUM; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; EHRLICHIA; GENOME; PHAGOCYTOPHILUM; IDENTIFICATION; GENE; TRANSMISSION AB Transmission of tick-borne pathogens requires transition between distinct host environments with infection and replication in host-specific cell types. Anaplasma marginale illustrates this transition: in the mammalian host, the bacterium infects and replicates in mature (nonnucleated) erythrocytes, while in the tick vector, replication occurs in nucleated epithelial cells. We hypothesized that proteins containing ankyrin motifs would be expressed by A. marginale only in tick cells and would traffic to the infected host cell nucleus. A. marginale encodes three proteins containing ankyrin motifs, an AnkA orthologue (the AM705 protein), AnkB (the AM926 protein), and AnkC (the AM638 protein). All three A. marginale Anks were confirmed to be expressed during intracellular infection: AnkA is expressed at significantly higher levels in erythrocytes, AnkB is expressed equally by both infected erythrocytes and tick cells, and AnkC is expressed exclusively in tick cells. There was no evidence of any of the Ank proteins trafficking to the nucleus. Thus, the hypothesis that ankyrin-containing motifs were predictive of cell type expression and nuclear localization was rejected. In contrast, AnkA orthologues in the closely related A. phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chaffeensis have been shown to localize to the host cell nucleus. This difference, together with the lack of a nuclear localization signal in any of the AnkA orthologues, suggests that trafficking may be mediated by a separate transporter rather than by endogenous signals. Selection for divergence in Ank function among Anaplasma and Ehrlichia spp. is supported by both locus and allelic analyses of genes encoding orthologous proteins and their ankyrin motif compositions. C1 [Ramabu, Solomon S.; Brayton, Kelly A.; Graca, Telmo; Futse, James E.; Baszler, Timothy V.; Palmer, Guy H.] Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Ramabu, Solomon S.; Brayton, Kelly A.; Graca, Telmo; Futse, James E.; Baszler, Timothy V.; Palmer, Guy H.] Washington State Univ, Program Vector Borne Dis, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Schneider, David A.; Ueti, Massaro W.; Noh, Susan M.] ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Futse, James E.] Univ Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana. RP Palmer, GH (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM gpalmer@vetmed.wsu.edu RI Schneider, David/A-2833-2010; OI Schneider, David/0000-0001-9659-6731; Graca, Telmo/0000-0001-7940-4283 FU National Institutes of Health [AI44005]; Wellcome Trust [GR075800M]; Department of Agriculture [ARS 5348-32000-027-00D/-01S, CSREES 35604-15440]; Botswana College of Agriculture, University of Botswana FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grant AI44005, Wellcome Trust grant GR075800M, and U.S. Department of Agriculture grants ARS 5348-32000-027-00D/-01S and CSREES 35604-15440. S. S. Ramabu was supported primarily by a scholarship from Botswana College of Agriculture, which is an associate institute of the University of Botswana. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 79 IS 7 BP 2847 EP 2855 DI 10.1128/IAI.05097-11 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 779OO UT WOS:000291788700037 PM 21576345 ER PT J AU Shen, CL Samathanam, C Tatum, OL Graham, S Tubb, C Cao, JJ Dunn, DM Wang, JS AF Shen, Chwan-Li Samathanam, Christina Tatum, Owatha L. Graham, Suzanne Tubb, Christine Cao, Jay J. Dunn, Dale M. Wang, Jia-Sheng TI Green tea polyphenols avert chronic inflammation-induced myocardial fibrosis of female rats SO INFLAMMATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Tea; Dietary supplement; Inflammation; Hematology ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; TNF-ALPHA; BONE LOSS; EPIGALLOCATECHIN-3-GALLATE; INHIBITION; NEUTROPHIL; EXPRESSION; PREVENTION; INDUCTION AB Green tea proposes anti-inflammatory properties which may attenuate chronic inflammation-induced fibrosis of vessels. This study evaluated whether green tea polyphenols (GTP) can avert fibrosis or vascular disruption along with mechanisms in rats with chronic inflammation. Forty 3-month-old female rats were assigned to a 2 (placebo vs. lipopolysaccharide, administration) x 2 (no GTP vs. 0.5% GTP in drinking water) factorial design for 12 weeks. Masson's trichrome staining evaluated myocardial fibrosis in coronary vessels and surrounding myocardium. Whole blood specimens were counted for differentials. Spleen tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA expression was determined by real-time RT-PCR. Data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by mean separation procedures. After 12 weeks, lipopolysaccharide administration induced myocardial fibrosis in vessels and surrounding myocardium, spleen TNF-alpha mRNA expression, and leukocytes, while GTP supplementation in drinking water significantly averted such observation. GTP attenuates myocardial fibrosis through a suppression of chronic inflammation and innate immune responses. C1 [Shen, Chwan-Li; Samathanam, Christina; Graham, Suzanne; Dunn, Dale M.] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. [Shen, Chwan-Li] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Laura W Bush Inst Womens Hlth, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. [Tatum, Owatha L.; Tubb, Christine] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Mol Pathol Program, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. [Cao, Jay J.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Wang, Jia-Sheng] Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Shen, CL (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, BB 198,3601 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. EM leslie.shen@ttuhsc.edu FU Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health FX This work was supported by the Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health (CLS). We thank Raul Y. Dagda for the technical assistance in assessing mRNA expression of TNF-alpha. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIRKHAUSER VERLAG AG PI BASEL PA VIADUKSTRASSE 40-44, PO BOX 133, CH-4010 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1023-3830 J9 INFLAMM RES JI Inflamm. Res. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 60 IS 7 BP 665 EP 672 DI 10.1007/s00011-011-0320-y PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Immunology SC Cell Biology; Immunology GA 778HV UT WOS:000291695500006 PM 21373880 ER PT J AU Renye, JA Somkuti, GA Van Hekken, DL Prieto, VMG AF Renye, J. A., Jr. Somkuti, G. A. Van Hekken, D. L. Prieto, V. M. Guerrero TI Short communication: Characterization of microflora in Mexican Chihuahua cheese SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cheese microflora; lactic acid bacteria; artisanal cheese ID LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; CHEDDAR CHEESE; QUESO-CHIHUAHUA; MANUFACTURE; PROFILES; LISTERIA; STRAINS; FRESCO; MILK AB This work was performed to identify the bacterial species present in 10 Chihuahua cheeses obtained from commercial producers in Mexico using 16S rRNA gene analysis. As expected, some of the agar media initially used for isolation were not very selective, supporting the growth of several unrelated bacterial species. Sequence analysis identified potential pathogens, including Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, in all raw milk samples and 2 pasteurized milk samples. Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis were identified in 9 and 6 samples, respectively, and would serve as acidifying agents during cheese production. Lactobacilli were identified in all cheeses, with the most prevalent being Lactobacillus plantarum identified in 7 raw milk and 1 pasteurized milk cheeses. Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Streptococcus macedonicus were identified in 4 raw milk cheeses and both were present in all pasteurized milk samples, suggesting that they may play a role in the development of traditional Chihuahua cheese attributes. C1 [Renye, J. A., Jr.; Somkuti, G. A.; Van Hekken, D. L.; Prieto, V. M. Guerrero] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Renye, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM john.renye@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 94 IS 7 BP 3311 EP 3315 DI 10.3168/jds.2011-4177 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 780BW UT WOS:000291827600011 PM 21700016 ER PT J AU Xue, Y Liao, SF Strickland, JR Boling, JA Matthews, JC AF Xue, Y. Liao, S. F. Strickland, J. R. Boling, J. A. Matthews, J. C. TI Bovine neuronal vesicular glutamate transporter activity is inhibited by ergovaline and other ergopeptines SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ergot alkaloid; fescue toxicosis; glutamatergic neurotransmission; SLC17 ID SYNAPTIC VESICLES; TALL FESCUE; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; EXCITATORY NEURONS; DOPAMINE-RECEPTORS; CAUDAL ARTERY; BEEF HEIFERS; ERGOTAMINE; EXPRESSION; RESPONSES AB L-Glutamate (Glu) is a major excitatory neurotransmitter responsible for neurotransmission in the vertebrate central nervous system. Vesicular Glu transporters VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 concentrate (50 m/M) Glu [Michaelis constant (measuring affinity), or K-m, = 1 to 4 mM] into synaptic vesicles (SV) for subsequent release into the synaptic cleft of glutamatergic neurons. Vesicular Glu transporter activity is dependent on vacuolar H+-ATPase function. Previous research has shown that ergopeptines contained in endophyteinfected tall fescue interact with dopaminergic and serotoninergic receptors, thereby affecting physiology regulated by these neuron types. To test the hypothesis that ergopeptine alkaloids inhibit VGLUT activity of bovine cerebral SV, SV were isolated from cerebral tissue of Angus-cross steers that were naive to ergot alkaloids. Immunoblot analysis validated the enrichment of VGLUT1. VGLUT2, synaptophysin 1, and vacuolar H+-ATPase in purified SV. Glutamate uptake assays demonstrated the dependence of SV VGLUT-like activity on the presence of ATP, H+-gradients, and H+-ATPase function. The effect of ergopeptines on VGLUT activity was evaluated by ANOVA. Inhibitory competition (IC50) experiments revealed that VGLUT-mediated Glu uptake (n = 9) was inhibited by ergopeptine alkaloids: bromocriptine (2.83 +/- 0.59 mu M) < ergotamine (20.5 +/- 2.77 mu M) < ergocornine (114 +/- 23.1 mu M) < ergovaline (137 +/- 6.55 mu M). Subsequent ergovaline kinetic inhibition analysis (n = 9; Glu 0.05, 0.10, 0.50, 1, 2, 4, 5 mM) demonstrated no change in apparent K-m. However, the maximum reaction rate (V-max) of Glu uptake was decreased when evaluated in the presence of 50, 100, and 200 mu M ergovaline, suggesting that ergovaline inhibited SV VGLUT activity through a noncompetitive mechanism. The findings of this study suggest cattle with fescue toxicosis may have a decreased glutamatergic neurotransmission capacity due to consumption of ergopeptine alkaloids. C1 [Xue, Y.; Liao, S. F.; Boling, J. A.; Matthews, J. C.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Strickland, J. R.] USDA ARS, Forage Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Matthews, JC (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM jmatthew@uky.edu FU USDA-ARS; University of Kentucky; Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station [10-07-122] FX Supported by a USDA-ARS Special Cooperative Agreement, the University of Kentucky, and the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station (Publ. No. 10-07-122). NR 53 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 94 IS 7 BP 3331 EP 3341 DI 10.3168/jds.2010-3612 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 780BW UT WOS:000291827600014 PM 21700019 ER PT J AU Davis, CG Yen, ST Dong, D Blayney, DP AF Davis, C. G. Yen, S. T. Dong, D. Blayney, D. P. TI Assessing economic and demographic factors that influence United States dairy demand SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dairy demand; dairy industry; Nielsen data ID FLUID MILK; REGRESSION; SYSTEMS; FAT AB Low-fat dairy products are key components of a healthy diet for all Americans. As the USDA increases its focus on nutrition and healthy eating, it is important to understand the underlying demands for dairy products, both the healthy and the less healthy ones. The consumption of fluid milk products has decreased over the last decade, whereas milk used for manufactured dairy products such as cheese, ice cream, yogurt, and butter, and for use as an ingredient in other food products, has risen. The objective of this study is to determine the effects of changes in demographic variables, retail prices, and total dairy expenditure on at-home consumption of dairy products, using purchase data from Nielsen 2007 Homescan (ACNielsen, New York, NY) data. To derive the demand elasticities for 16 products, a censored Almost Ideal Demand System model is used. Results reveal that demographic variables do have effects on the purchase of the 16 products, and own-price elasticities are 1 or greater for all 16 products for both uncompensated and compensated elasticities except 4: ice cream, refrigerated yogurt, processed cheese, and margarine. A substitution relationship exists among all fluid milk categories, natural and processed cheese, low-fat ice cream, and refrigerated yogurt, butter, and margarine. C1 [Davis, C. G.; Blayney, D. P.] Econ Res Serv, Market & Trade Econ Div, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Yen, S. T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Dong, D.] Econ Res Serv, Food Econ Div, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Davis, CG (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, Market & Trade Econ Div, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM chrisdavis@ers.usda.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 94 IS 7 BP 3715 EP 3723 DI 10.3168/jds.2010-4062 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 780BW UT WOS:000291827600057 PM 21700062 ER PT J AU Dossett, M Lee, J Finn, CE AF Dossett, Michael Lee, Jungmin Finn, Chad E. TI Characterization of a novel anthocyanin profile in wild black raspberry mutants: An opportunity for studying the genetic control of pigment and color SO JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS LA English DT Article DE Rubus occidentalis; Bramble; Caneberry; Cyanidin-3-rutinoside; Rhamnose; Rhamnosyltransferase ID PHOTODIODE-ARRAY DETECTION; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; RUBUS-OCCIDENTALIS; PETUNIA-HYBRIDA; PHENOLIC ANTIOXIDANTS; CYANIDIN; TUMORIGENESIS; BIOSYNTHESIS; CULTIVARS; HEALTH AB The type, and amount of anthocyanins in raspberries, and other small fruits, has recently received increased attention. Black raspberry (Rubus occidentalis L.), in particular, has long been recognized as a rich source of anthocyanins and has been the focus of many recent studies examining their potential health benefits. In this study, we characterized a novel anthocyanin profile found in seedlings of two wild black raspberry populations collected from South Dakota, USA. Seedlings from these populations lack pigments glycosylated with rutinoside in their fruit, have elevated levels of cyanidin-3-sambubioside, and contain a small but significant amount of pelargonidin-3-glucoside, a pigment reported only once previously in black raspberry. Affected fruit also have lower than typical total anthocyanins (77.5-134.4 mg 100 mL(-1)) Based on the available evidence, we believe the plants have a mutation in the gene encoding anthocyanidin-3-glycoside rhamnosyltransferase (3RT), providing a unique opportunity to identify and study one of the major genes in the anthocyanin pathway and its effect on fruit anthocyanins and color. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lee, Jungmin] ARS, USDA, PWA, Hort Crops Res Unit Worksite, Parma, ID 83660 USA. [Dossett, Michael] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Finn, Chad E.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Lee, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, PWA, Hort Crops Res Unit Worksite, 29603 U 1 Ln, Parma, ID 83660 USA. EM Jungmin.Lee@ars.usda.gov RI Lee, Jungmin/G-6555-2013 OI Lee, Jungmin/0000-0002-8660-9444 FU Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research; Oregon Raspberry and Blackberry Commission; CRIS [5358-21000-041-00D, 5358-21000-037-00D] FX We thank Mary Peterson, Ted Mackey, Chris Rennaker of USDA-ARS, and Brian Yorgey (OSU) for their assistance throughout the course of this project. This work was funded by grants from the Northwest Center for Small Fruits Research, and the Oregon Raspberry and Blackberry Commission, as well as CRIS number 5358-21000-041-00D, and CRIS number 5358-21000-037-00D. NR 48 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1756-4646 J9 J FUNCT FOODS JI J. Funct. Food. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 3 IS 3 BP 207 EP 214 DI 10.1016/j.jff.2011.04.003 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 779EQ UT WOS:000291761300008 ER PT J AU Santin, M Gomez-Munoz, MT Solano-Aguilar, G Fayer, R AF Santin, Monica Teresa Gomez-Munoz, Maria Solano-Aguilar, Gloria Fayer, Ronald TI Development of a new PCR protocol to detect and subtype Blastocystis spp. from humans and animals SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; CLINICAL-SIGNIFICANCE; HIGH PREVALENCE; DIFFERENT HOSTS; 16S-LIKE RDNA; RISK-FACTORS; HOMINIS; IDENTIFICATION; CLASSIFICATION; STRAMENOPILES AB Blastocystis spp. is commonly found in the feces of humans worldwide. Infection has been reported as asymptomatic, acute symptomatic, and chronic symptomatic. This wide range of responses to infection could be related to the genetic diversity of morphologically indistinguishable specimens obtained from infected hosts. The former name Blastocystis hominis is now reported as Blastocystis spp. because of its genetic diversity. Blastocystis is recognized as a complex of subtypes that have not been fully characterized as independent species. The finding of Blastocystis spp. in feces from several animal species suggests a zoonotic potential. Based on conserved regions of published nucleotide SSU rDNA sequences from all Blastocystis subtypes found in GenBank, a PCR and sequencing protocol was developed. The similar to 500 bp SSU rDNA gene fragment amplified by this PCR is highly sensitive compared with published primers and contains highly variable regions that allow phylogenetic analysis of Blastocystis. These primers were used to detect and subtype Blastocystis spp. specimens from naturally infected humans, primates, cattle, pigs, and chickens. Based on these findings, application of this method can elucidate the complexity of this heterogeneous genus and its role in human and animal disease, as well as its zoonotic potential. C1 [Santin, Monica; Fayer, Ronald] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Teresa Gomez-Munoz, Maria] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Vet, Dept Sanidad Anim, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Solano-Aguilar, Gloria] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Santin, M (reprint author), ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Bldg 173,BARC East,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM monica.santin-duran@ars.usda.gov RI Gomez_Munoz, Maria Teresa/S-3800-2016 OI Gomez_Munoz, Maria Teresa/0000-0001-8104-845X NR 41 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 109 IS 1 BP 205 EP 212 DI 10.1007/s00436-010-2244-9 PG 8 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 779RY UT WOS:000291800200022 PM 21210149 ER PT J AU Kelly, CN Schoenholtz, SH Adams, MB AF Kelly, Charlene N. Schoenholtz, Stephen H. Adams, Mary Beth TI Soil properties associated with net nitrification following watershed conversion from Appalachian hardwoods to Norway spruce SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Nitrification; Norway spruce; Appalachian hardwoods; Fernow Experimental Forest; Forest conversion; Soil organic matter ID ORGANIC-ACID EXUDATION; LAND-USE HISTORY; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; ALUMINUM TOLERANCE; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; PINE PLANTATIONS; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; CARBON; NITRATE AB Nitrate (NO(3)-N) in soil solution and streamwater can be an important vector of nitrogen (N) loss from forested watersheds, and nitrification is associated with negative consequences of soil acidification and eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems. The purpose of this study was to identify vegetation-mediated soil properties that may control potential net nitrification dynamics and to determine if net nitrification is a function of abiotic retention or biotic inhibition. We performed a soil inoculation and incubation study and analyzed a suite of soil chemical and biological properties in soils from a 40-year-old Appalachian hardwood forest and an adjacent 37-year-old Norway spruce forest converted from Appalachian hardwoods. Our results indicate that net NO(3)-N production was nine times higher in hardwood soil (mean = 183.51 mg N/kg/28 days) than in the spruce soil (mean = 18.97 mg N/kg/28 days) and differences in net NO(3)-N production were attributed to differences in soil substrate quality. Soil properties that were most strongly correlated with NO(3)-N production across vegetation types included total soil N, soil C:N ratio, oxalate concentration, and sulfate concentration. Establishment of a spruce monoculture in the central Appalachian hardwood ecoregion significantly altered N cycling, likely depleted soil N stores, increased soil acidity, and altered soil organic matter dynamics, thus leading to low net nitrification rates. C1 [Kelly, Charlene N.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Schoenholtz, Stephen H.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Water Resources & Res Ctr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Adams, Mary Beth] US Forest Serv, Timber & Watershed Lab, USDA, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. RP Kelly, CN (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Forest Resources & Environm Conservat, 210 Cheatham Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM kellycn@vt.edu NR 80 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD JUL PY 2011 VL 344 IS 1-2 BP 361 EP 376 DI 10.1007/s11104-011-0755-5 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 777WA UT WOS:000291654600024 ER PT J AU Manohar, M Shigaki, T Hirschi, KD AF Manohar, M. Shigaki, T. Hirschi, K. D. TI Plant cation/H+ exchangers (CAXs): biological functions and genetic manipulations SO PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Autoinhibition; biofortification; Ca2(+)/H+ exchanger; CAXs; molecular interaction; phytoremediation ID VACUOLAR CA2+/H+ EXCHANGER; CALCIUM-TRANSPORT ACTIVITY; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ARABIDOPSIS CAX1; ANTIPORTER CAX1; SALT TOLERANCE; SUCROSE TRANSPORTERS; H+/CA2+ ANTIPORTER; ION HOMEOSTASIS; EXPRESSION AB Inorganic cations play decisive roles in many cellular and physiological processes and are essential components of plant nutrition. Therefore, the uptake of cations and their redistribution must be precisely controlled. Vacuolar antiporters are important elements in mediating the intracellular sequestration of these cations. These antiporters are energized by the proton gradient across the vacuolar membrane and allow the rapid transport of cations into the vacuole. CAXs (for CAtion eXchanger) are members of a multigene family and appear to predominately reside on vacuoles. Defining CAX regulation and substrate specificity have been aided by utilising yeast as an experimental tool. Studies in plants suggest CAXs regulate apoplastic Ca2+ levels in order to optimise cell wall expansion, photosynthesis, transpiration and plant productivity. CAX studies provide the basis for making designer transporters that have been used to develop nutrient enhanced crops and plants for remediating toxic soils. C1 [Manohar, M.; Hirschi, K. D.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Manohar, M.; Hirschi, K. D.] Texas A&M Univ, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. RP Hirschi, KD (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates,Room 9016, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM kendahl@bcm.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service [5806250-6001]; USDA-CREES [34402-13647]; USDA Designing Foods for Health [2004-34402-14768] FX Figure 2B was kindly provided by Sunghun Park. This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement 5806250-6001, USDA-CREES 34402-13647, USDA Designing Foods for Health grant 2004-34402-14768. NR 78 TC 34 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1435-8603 J9 PLANT BIOLOGY JI Plant Biol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 13 IS 4 BP 561 EP 569 DI 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2011.00466.x PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 778DF UT WOS:000291679100001 PM 21668596 ER PT J AU Lee, KW Lillehoj, HS Jeong, W Jeoung, HY An, DJ AF Lee, K. W. Lillehoj, H. S. Jeong, W. Jeoung, H. Y. An, D. J. TI Avian necrotic enteritis: Experimental models, host immunity, pathogenesis, risk factors, and vaccine development SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE host immunity; necrotic enteritis; poultry; vaccine ID CLOSTRIDIUM-PERFRINGENS ANTIGENS; BROILER-CHICKENS; ALPHA-TOXIN; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; GENE-EXPRESSION; POULTRY; GUT; CHALLENGE; IMMUNIZATION; RESPONSES AB The increasing trends of legislative restrictions and voluntary removal of antibiotic growth promoters worldwide has already affected, and will continue to affect, poultry production and animal health. Necrotic enteritis (NE) is being considered among the most important infectious diseases in the current poultry production system globally, with an estimated annual economic loss of more than $2 billion, largely attributable to medical treatments and impaired growth performance. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop rational, alternative, and integrated management strategies not only to control NE, but also to prevent it. In both humans and many warm-blooded animals and birds, NE is caused by Clostridium perfringens, a gram-positive, anaerobic, spore-forming bacterium. To accomplish these goals, better understanding of host-and environmentally related factors on the development of NE and potential vaccination strategies against C. perfringens infection will be necessary. Furthermore, a reliable and reproducible NE disease model is needed for characterization of C. perfringens pathogenesis and host protective immunity. This review summarizes recent developments in NE disease models, pathogenesis, host immunity, risk factors, and vaccine development for C. perfringens-associated NE in poultry. C1 [Lee, K. W.; Lillehoj, H. S.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Jeong, W.; Jeoung, H. Y.; An, D. J.] Minist Food Agr Forestry & Fisheries, Natl Vet Res & Quarantine Serv, Anyang 430824, Kyunggido, South Korea. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Hyun.Lillehoj@ars.usda.gov OI Lee, Kyung-Woo/0000-0002-3533-7979 FU ARS-USDA (Washington, DC); National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Services (NVRQS; Kyunggido, South Korea); ARS [1265-32000-086-00D] FX This project was supported by a Trust agreement established between ARS-USDA (Washington, DC) and National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Services (NVRQS; Kyunggido, South Korea) and partially by the ARS in-house project 1265-32000-086-00D. The authors thank Erik Lillehoj for helpful comments. NR 84 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 23 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 90 IS 7 BP 1381 EP 1390 DI 10.3382/ps.2010-01319 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 777DE UT WOS:000291594100001 PM 21673152 ER PT J AU Miles, DM Rowe, DE Cathcart, TC AF Miles, D. M. Rowe, D. E. Cathcart, T. C. TI High litter moisture content suppresses litter ammonia volatilization SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ammonia; broiler; litter; moisture content; temperature ID BROILER LITTER AB With global food demand expected to increase by 100% in the next 50 yr, urgency to combine comprehensive strategies for sustainable, efficacious, and environmentally sensible agronomic practices has never been greater. One effort for US meat bird management is to reduce NH3 volatilization from litter to create a better growing environment for the birds, improve production efficiency, retain N in litter for fertilizer value, and negate the detrimental environmental impacts of NH3 loss to the air. To derive the fundamental effects of temperature and moisture on litter NH3 volatilization over the range of conditions found in commercial houses, experiments were conducted using commercial broiler litter that had moisture contents of approximately 20 to 55% while controlling temperatures ranging from 18.3 to 40.6 degrees C. Litter samples (100 g) were placed in 1-L containers that received humidified air at approximately 113 mL/min. Volatilized NH3 in exhaust air was captured in H3BO3 traps. Ammonia loss (log(10) transformation) was modeled via an equation using linear coefficients for temperature and moisture, an interaction term for temperature x moisture, and a quadratic term for moisture. The surface responses resembled parabolic cylinders, indicating a critical moisture level at which NH3 no longer increases but is diminished as moisture continues to increase. The critical moisture level lies between 37.4 and 51.1% litter moisture, depending on the temperature. An increase in temperature consistently increased NH3 generation. When the temperature extremes were compared, the maximum NH3 was up to 7 times greater at 40.6 vs. 18.3 degrees C. The upper moisture limit at which NH3 release is maximized and subsequently arrested as moisture continues to increase had not been defined previously for commercial broiler litter. The poultry industry and researchers can use these results as a decision tool to enable management strategies that limit NH3 production. C1 [Miles, D. M.] ARS, USDA, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Rowe, D. E.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Expt Stat, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Miles, DM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM dana.miles@ars.usda.gov RI Yang, Yang/C-7464-2012 NR 18 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 16 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 90 IS 7 BP 1397 EP 1405 DI 10.3382/ps.2010-01114 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 777DE UT WOS:000291594100003 PM 21673154 ER PT J AU Foye-Jackson, OT Long, JA Bakst, MR Blomberg, LA Akuffo, VG Silva, MVB Guthrie, HD McMurtry, JP AF Foye-Jackson, O. T. Long, J. A. Bakst, M. R. Blomberg, L. A. Akuffo, V. G. Silva, M. V. B. Guthrie, H. D. McMurtry, J. P. TI Oviductal expression of avidin, avidin-related protein-2, and progesterone receptor in turkey hens in relation to sperm storage: Effects of oviduct tissue type, sperm presence, and turkey line SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE sperm storage tubule; vaginal epithelium; avidin expression; turkey hen ID BIOTIN-BINDING PROTEINS; UTERO-VAGINAL JUNCTION; CHICKEN AVIDIN; ARTIFICIAL-INSEMINATION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; RESIDENT SPERM; LAYING HENS; TUBULES; INDUCTION; ESTROGEN AB The sperm storage tubules (SST) of the turkey hen, which are located in the uterovaginal junction (UVJ) of the oviduct, maintain viable sperm for up to 10 wk after a single insemination. The mechanisms of this in vivo sperm storage are poorly understood. Our objective was to evaluate mRNA and protein expression of avidin and 2 avidin-associated factors, avidinrelated protein-2 (AVR2) and progesterone receptor, in the oviducts of 2 different lines to determine the extent to which they were sperm responsive and tissue specific. At 38 wk of age, Hybrid Grade Maker and Converter turkey hens were artificially inseminated with diluted semen (AI) or were sham-inseminated with extender alone (SI). Forty-eight hours after insemination, total RNA was extracted from the UVJ epithelium (containing SST) and vaginal epithelium (VGE) of SI and AI hens. Real time-polymerase chain reaction data showed a clear tissue region-specific effect on gene expression in the turkey hen oviduct, with much greater (P < 0.0001) expression in the UVJ compared with VGE region for avidin and AVR2 mRNA in both lines and for progesterone receptor mRNA in the Converter line. In contrast to real-time PCR data, in situ hybridization of SI and AI tissues showed that the presence of sperm increased avidin mRNA in the SST and UVJ surface epithelium in the Converter hens. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of avidin protein in the epithelium of the UVJ in both lines; however, whereas avidin protein was localized in the SST of SI-Grade Maker hens, this protein was not detected in the SST of Converter hens. The upregulation of avidin and AVR2 mRNA within the sperm storage region indicates the involvement of avidin, and perhaps avidin analogs, in the sustained storage of sperm in the SST, possibly through the binding of biotin to avidin. The absence of avidin protein in the SST and VGE of Converter hens in the presence of increased mRNA may indicate a rapid turnover of protein. C1 [Foye-Jackson, O. T.; Long, J. A.; Bakst, M. R.; Blomberg, L. A.; Akuffo, V. G.; Guthrie, H. D.; McMurtry, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab,Beltsville Agr Res C, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Silva, M. V. B.] Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Long, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab,Beltsville Agr Res C, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM julie.long@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 90 IS 7 BP 1539 EP 1547 DI 10.3382/ps.2010-01159 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 777DE UT WOS:000291594100019 PM 21673170 ER PT J AU Hannah, JF Wilson, JL Cox, NA Cason, JA Bourassa, DV Musgrove, MT Richardson, LJ Rigsby, LL Buhr, RJ AF Hannah, J. F. Wilson, J. L. Cox, N. A. Cason, J. A. Bourassa, D. V. Musgrove, M. T. Richardson, L. J. Rigsby, L. L. Buhr, R. J. TI Comparison of shell bacteria from unwashed and washed table eggs harvested from caged laying hens and cage-free floor-housed laying hens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE eggshell bacteria; egg washing; hen housing system; caged; cage-free ID HOUSING SYSTEMS; CONVENTIONAL CAGES; FURNISHED CAGES; CONTAMINATION; PENETRATION; SALMONELLA; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; HATCHABILITY; ENTERITIDIS; RECOVERY AB These studies evaluated the bacterial level of unwashed and washed shell eggs from caged and cage-free laying hens. Hy-Line W-36 White and Hy-Line Brown laying hens were housed on all wire slats or all shavings floor systems. On the sampling days for experiments 1, 2, and 3, 20 eggs were collected from each pen for bacterial analyses. Ten of the eggs collected from each pen were washed for 1 min with a commercial egg-washing solution, whereas the remaining 10 eggs were unwashed before sampling the eggshell and shell membranes for aerobic bacteria and coliforms (experiment 1 only). In experiment 1, the aerobic plate counts (APC) of unwashed eggs produced in the shavings, slats, and caged-housing systems were 4.0, 3.6, and 3.1 log10 cfu/mL of rinsate, respectively. Washing eggs significantly (P < 0.05) reduced APC by 1.6 log10 cfu/mL and reduced the prevalence of coliforms by 12%. In experiment 2, unwashed eggs produced by hens in triple-deck cages from 57 to 62 wk (previously housed on shavings, slats, and cages) did not differ, with APC ranging from 0.6 to 0.8 log10 cfu/mL. Washing eggs continued to significantly reduce APC to below 0.2 log10 cfu/mL. In experiment 3, the APC for unwashed eggs were within 0.4 log below the APC attained for unwashed eggs in experiment 1, although hen density was 28% of that used in experiment 1. Washing eggs further lowered the APC to 0.4 to 0.7 log10 cfu/mL, a 2.7-log reduction. These results indicate that shell bacterial levels are similar after washing for eggs from hens housed in these caged and cage-free environments. However, housing hens in cages with manure removal belts resulted in lower APC for both unwashed and washed eggs (compared with eggs from hens housed in a room with shavings, slats, and cages). C1 [Cox, N. A.; Bourassa, D. V.; Richardson, L. J.; Rigsby, L. L.; Buhr, R. J.] ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Cason, J. A.] ARS, Poultry Proc & Swine Physiol Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Musgrove, M. T.] ARS, Egg Safety & Qual Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Hannah, J. F.; Wilson, J. L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Buhr, RJ (reprint author), ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM jeff.buhr@ars.usda.gov FU US Poultry and Egg Association (Tucker, GA) [641] FX The authors are grateful to the US Poultry and Egg Association (Tucker, GA) for providing partial funding for this research, project no. 641. We thank Hy-Line International (West Des Moines, IA) for the donation of Hy-Line W-36 and Hy-Line Brown fertile hatching eggs. We acknowledge the technical assistance of Jeromey S. Jackson and Tod E. Stewart at the Russell Research Center and Beverly M. Wills at The University of Georgia. We acknowledge the assistance of Amy B. Batal at The University of Georgia in diet formulation. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 14 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 90 IS 7 BP 1586 EP 1593 DI 10.3382/ps.2010-01115 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 777DE UT WOS:000291594100025 PM 21673176 ER PT J AU Spickler, JL Buhr, RJ Cox, NA Bourassa, DV Rigsby, LL AF Spickler, J. L. Buhr, R. J. Cox, N. A. Bourassa, D. V. Rigsby, L. L. TI Comparison between rinse and crush-and-rub sampling for aerobic bacteria recovery from broiler hatching eggs after sanitization SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aerobic bacteria; crush and rub; eggshell sanitization; hatching egg; rinse ID SHELL EGGS; SALMONELLA; TYPHIMURIUM; PENETRATION; HATCHERIES AB This study compared surface and deep eggshell aerobic bacteria recovered by the rinse and crush-and-rub sampling methods for commercial hatching eggs after treatment with sanitizers. Eggs were arranged into 5 treatments consisting of no treatment, water, and 3 sanitizers. The sanitizers were H(2)O(2), phenol, and Q(4)B (a compound chemical containing 4 quaternary ammoniums and 1 biguanide moiety). Eggs were sprayed according to treatment and allowed to dry for 1 h before sampling. To collect samples for the eggshell rinse, each egg was massaged in a plastic bag with 20 mL of saline. Eggshells were then aseptically opened and their contents were discarded before being individually crushed into 50-mL centrifuge tubes containing 20 mL of saline. Aerobic bacteria were enumerated on Petrifilm after 48 h of incubation at 37 degrees C. Aerobic bacteria recovered (log(10) cfu/mL) from the eggshell rinse were highest and similar for the no-treatment (4.0) and water (3.7) groups, lower for the phenol (3.2) and H(2)O(2) (3.1) groups, and lowest for the Q(4)B (2.4) group. Aerobic bacteria levels with the crush-and-rub method were similar for the no-treatment (2.5) and water (2.3) groups, lower for the phenol (1.6) group, intermediate for the H(2)O(2) (1.2) group, and lowest for the Q(4)B (0.9) group. The overall correlation between the rinse and crush-and-rub sampling methods for individual egg aerobic bacteria counts was r = 0.71. The correlation within each treatment revealed the following r values: no treatment, 0.55; water, 0.72; H(2)O(2), 0.67; phenol, 0.73; and Q(4)B, 0.38. A second experiment was designed to further examine the lower aerobic bacterial levels recovered by the crush-and-rub method (for previously rinsed eggs) than the levels recovered in the initial eggshell rinse sample. Eggs were either rinsed and then crushed and rubbed, or they were only crushed and rubbed without a prior rinse. Results confirmed a significant decrease (1.5 log(10) cfu/mL) in bacteria levels between the initial rinse (4.4) and the subsequent crush and rub (2.9) for the same eggshell. For the crush-and-rub eggs with no previous rinsing, the bacteria recovery level (3.9) was not significantly different from levels for the rinse method. Therefore, either the rinse or crush-and-rub sampling methods can be used to recover similar levels of eggshell aerobic bacteria. C1 [Spickler, J. L.; Buhr, R. J.; Cox, N. A.; Bourassa, D. V.; Rigsby, L. L.] ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Spickler, J. L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Buhr, RJ (reprint author), ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM jeff.buhr@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 90 IS 7 BP 1609 EP 1615 DI 10.3382/ps.2010-01305 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 777DE UT WOS:000291594100028 PM 21673179 ER PT J AU Jones, DR Lawrence, KC Yoon, SC Heitschmidt, GW AF Jones, D. R. Lawrence, K. C. Yoon, S. C. Heitschmidt, G. W. TI Salmonella contamination in shell eggs exposed to modified-pressure imaging for microcrack detection SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE microcrack; detection; egg; Salmonella; modified pressure ID CRACKED EGGS; ENTERITIDIS; PENETRATION; STORAGE AB Microcracks in egg shells are a food safety risk and are difficult for professional human graders to detect. Modified-pressure imaging technology with 99.6% accuracy has been developed to detect microcracks. This study was conducted to determine whether the microcrack detection system would increase penetration of Salmonella into egg contents or lead to cross-contamination within the system. Thirty dozen grade A large white retail eggs were used for each of 3 replicates. Cracked eggs were removed and 72 eggs/replicate were dip inoculated in buffered peptone water containing 10(5) cfu/mL of nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium (ST), whereas 144 eggs were dipped in sterile buffered peptone water. All eggs were incubated overnight at 25 degrees C before imaging. Forty-five eggs of each treatment were imaged in the following order: control, inoculated, control. Imaged and nonimaged eggs from each treatment were used for cultural analysis of a shell rinse, shell emulsion, and contents sample for each egg. The ST levels were monitored on brilliant green sulfa agar with 200 mg/L of nalidixic acid. Egg contents were also enriched to determine the prevalence of ST in low levels. Salmonella Typhimurium was not detected on or in any of the control eggs, including the eggs imaged after the inoculated eggs. The highest level of ST was detected in inoculated shell emulsions (4.79 log cfu/mL). No differences in ST levels were found for any sample location between imaged and nonimaged inoculated eggs. Therefore, the modified-pressure imaging system for microcrack detection did not result in microbial cross-contamination or increase the level of microbial penetration in inoculated eggs. The imaging system can be used to assess eggs for cracks without negative food safety implications. C1 [Jones, D. R.] ARS, USDA, Egg Safety & Qual Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Lawrence, K. C.; Yoon, S. C.; Heitschmidt, G. W.] ARS, USDA, Qual & Safety Assessment Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Jones, DR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Egg Safety & Qual Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Deana.Jones@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 90 IS 7 BP 1616 EP 1619 DI 10.3382/ps.2010-01155 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 777DE UT WOS:000291594100029 PM 21673180 ER PT J AU Varvel, GE Wilhelm, WW AF Varvel, G. E. Wilhelm, W. W. TI No-tillage increases soil profile carbon and nitrogen under long-term rainfed cropping systems SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Soil organic carbon; Soil nitrogen; Tillage; Cropping systems ID ORGANIC-CARBON; GRAIN-YIELD; CORN; ROTATION; MATTER AB Emphasis and interest in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) storage (sequestration) in soils has greatly increased in the last few years, especially C with its' potential to help alleviate or offset some of the negative effects of the increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Several questions still exist with regard to what management practices optimize C storage in the soil profile. A long-term rainfed study conducted in eastern Nebraska provided the opportunity to determine both the effects of different tillage treatments and cropping systems on soil N and soil organic C (SOC) levels throughout the soil profile. The study included six primary tillage systems (chisel, disk, plow, no-till, ridge-till, and subtill) with three cropping systems [continuous corn (CC), continuous soybean (CSB), and soybean-corn (SB-C)]. Soil samples were collected to a depth of 150-cm in depth increments of 0-15-, 15-30-, 15-30-, 30-60-, 60-90-, 90-120-, and 120-150-cm increments and composited by depth in the fall of 1999 after harvest and analyzed for total N and SOC. Significant differences in total N and SOC levels were obtained between tillage treatments and cropping systems in both surface depths of 0-15-, 15-30-cm, but also in the 30-60-cm depth. Total N and SOC accumulations throughout the profile (both calculated by depth and for equivalent masses of soil) were significantly affected by both tillage treatment and cropping system, with those in no-till the greatest among tillage treatments and those in CC the greatest among cropping systems. Soil N and SOC levels were increased at deeper depths in the profile, especially in those tillage systems with the least amount of soil disturbance. Most significant was the fact that soil N and SOC was sequestered deeper in the profile, which would strongly suggest that N and C at these depths would be less likely to be lost if the soil was tilled. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Varvel, G. E.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, AEMRU, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Varvel, GE (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, AEMRU, 129 Kiem Hall,East Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Gary.Varvel@ars.usda.gov RI Yang, Yang/C-7464-2012 FU Agricultural Research Service FX This publication is based upon work supported by the Agricultural Research Service under the GRACEnet Project. NR 22 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 114 IS 1 BP 28 EP 36 DI 10.1016/j.still.2011.03.005 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 779JQ UT WOS:000291774300004 ER PT J AU Kalupahana, NS Claycombe, KJ Moustaid-Moussa, N AF Kalupahana, Nishan S. Claycombe, Kate J. Moustaid-Moussa, Naima TI (n-3) Fatty Acids Alleviate Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Insulin Resistance: Mechanistic Insights SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Review AB Obesity is associated with the metabolic syndrome, a significant risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Chronic low-grade inflammation occurring in the adipose tissue of obese individuals is causally linked to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. Although the exact trigger of this inflammatory process is unknown, adipose tissue hypoxia, endoplasmic reticular stress, and saturated fatty acid mediated activation of innate immune processes have been identified as important processes in these disorders. Furthermore, macrophages and T lymphocytes have important roles in orchestrating this immune process. Although energy restriction leading to weight loss is the primary dietary intervention to reverse these obesity-associated metabolic disorders, other interventions targeted at alleviating adipose tissue inflammation have not been explored in detail. In this regard, (n-3) PUFA of marine origin both prevent and reverse high-fat-diet induced adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in rodents. We provide an update on the pathogenesis of adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity and discuss potential mechanisms by which (n-3) PUFA prevent and reverse these changes and the implications in human health. Adv. Nutr. 2: 304-316, 2011. C1 [Kalupahana, Nishan S.; Moustaid-Moussa, Naima] Univ Tennessee, Obes Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Kalupahana, Nishan S.; Moustaid-Moussa, Naima] Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Moustaid-Moussa, Naima] UT Extens Family & Consumer Sci Dept, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Kalupahana, Nishan S.] Univ Peradeniya, Fac Med, Dept Physiol, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka. [Claycombe, Kate J.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. RP Moustaid-Moussa, N (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Obes Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM moustaid@utk.edu FU National Institute of Food and Agriculture-National Research Initiative award [2005-35200-15224]; AHA Southeast Affiliate Predoctoral Fellowship; University of Tennessee (UT) Obesity Research Center; UT AgResearch; UT Extension FX Supported by a National Institute of Food and Agriculture-National Research Initiative award (2005-35200-15224), an AHA Southeast Affiliate Predoctoral Fellowship, the University of Tennessee (UT) Obesity Research Center, UT AgResearch, and UT Extension. NR 155 TC 90 Z9 90 U1 5 U2 37 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 2 IS 4 BP 304 EP 316 DI 10.3945/an.111.000505 PG 13 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA V27BT UT WOS:000208589400002 PM 22332072 ER PT J AU Gebauer, SK Chardigny, JM Jakobsen, MU Lamarche, B Lock, AL Proctor, SD Baer, DJ AF Gebauer, Sarah K. Chardigny, Jean-Michel Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre Lamarche, Benoit Lock, Adam L. Proctor, Spencer D. Baer, David J. TI Effects of Ruminant trans Fatty Acids on Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: A Comprehensive Review of Epidemiological, Clinical, and Mechanistic Studies SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Review AB There are 2 predominant sources of dietary trans fatty acids (TFA) in the food supply, those formed during the industrial partial hydrogenation of vegetable oils (iTFA) and those formed by biohydrogenation in ruminants (rTFA), including vaccenic acid (VA) and the naturally occurring isomer of conjugated linoleic acid, cis-9, trans-11 CLA (c9,t11-CLA). The objective of this review is to evaluate the evidence base from epidemiological and clinical studies to determine whether intake of rTFA isomers, specifically VA and c9,t11-CLA, differentially affects risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer compared with iTFA. In addition, animal and cell culture studies are reviewed to explore potential pro- and antiatherogenic mechanisms of VA and c9,t11-CLA. Some epidemiological studies suggest that a positive association with coronary heart disease risk exists between only iTFA isomers and not rTFA isomers. Small clinical studies have been conducted to establish cause-and-effect relationships between these different sources of TFA and biomarkers or risk factors of CVD with inconclusive results. The lack of detection of treatment effects reported in some studies may be due to insufficient statistical power. Many studies have used doses of rTFA that are not realistically attainable via diet; thus, further clinical studies are warranted. Associations between iTFA intake and cancer have been inconsistent, and associations between rTFA intake and cancer have not been well studied. Clinical studies have not been conducted investigating the cause-and-effect relationship between iTFA and rTFA intake and risk for cancers. Further research is needed to determine the health effects of VA and c9,t11-CLA in humans. Adv. Nutr. 1: 332-354, 2011. C1 [Gebauer, Sarah K.; Baer, David J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Chardigny, Jean-Michel] Clermont Univ, Univ Auvergne, Unite Nutr Humaine, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Chardigny, Jean-Michel] INRA, UMR 1019, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Jakobsen, Marianne Uhre] Aarhus Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark. [Lamarche, Benoit] Univ Laval, Inst Nutraceut & Funct Foods, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A, Canada. [Lock, Adam L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, E Lansing, MI 48864 USA. [Proctor, Spencer D.] Univ Alberta, Alberta Inst Human Nutr, Metab & Cardiovasc Lab, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada. [Proctor, Spencer D.] Univ Alberta, Alberta Diabet Inst, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada. RP Baer, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM david.baer@ars.usda.gov FU Global Dairy Platform, Rosemont, IL FX Supported by the Global Dairy Platform, Rosemont, IL. NR 177 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 2 U2 40 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 2 IS 4 BP 332 EP 354 DI 10.3945/an.111.000521 PG 23 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA V27BT UT WOS:000208589400005 PM 22332075 ER PT J AU Stavi, I Lal, R Owens, LB AF Stavi, I. Lal, R. Owens, L. B. TI On-farm effects of no-till versus occasional tillage on soil quality and crop yields in eastern Ohio SO AGRONOMY FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE Field moisture capacity; Soil aggregation; Soil organic carbon; Sustainable farming; Tillage system; US corn belt; Water infiltrability ID WEST CENTRAL OHIO; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; ORGANIC-CARBON; SYSTEMS; ALFISOLS; RUNOFF AB Contrary to earlier studies, this study suggests that even one year of tillage within a long-term no-till agroecosystem adversely affected the soil quality, with possible negative impact on crop yields. Worldwide interest in conservation tillage is increasing, because conventional tillage adversely impacts the long-term quality of the soil and its vulnerability to erosion. No-till agriculture minimizes adverse impacts of an intensive arable land use. In some cases, occasional tillage is used as a means of weed or pathogen control. Therefore, this study was conducted in eastern Ohio to examine soil quality as affected by occasional tillage, i.e. disk plowed every 3-4 years, within a long-term no-till agroecosystem. The study compared the soil characteristics between two fields, both under corn (Zea mays L.) at the time of the study. Soil properties were studied for three depths of 0-6, 6-12, and 12-18 cm. Compared with the continuous no-till field, the field under occasional tillage had significantly higher bulk density of 1.45 versus 1.31 gcm(-3), and somewhat higher soil penetration resistance of 1.77 versus 1.56 MPa. Also, compared with the no-till field, the field under occasional tillage had significantly lower water stable aggregate of 475 versus 834 gkg(-1), mean weight diameter of 1.4 versus 3.4 mm, field moisture capacity of 293 versus 360 gkg(-1), equilibrium infiltration rate of 2.0 versus 6.7 mm min(-1), and cumulative infiltration of 353.4 versus 1,211.8 mm. The field under occasional tillage had somewhat lower soil organic carbon of 16.0 versus 19.2 gkg(-1), soil water sorptivity of 16.3 versus 36.5 mm min(-0.5), and transmissivity of 2.1 versus 4.9 mm min(-1). The occasional tillage had no effect on the soil shear strength. In general, the effect of tillage on soil properties decreased with increase in soil depth. Also corn yields were compared between the two agroecosystems. Compared with the no-till field, the field under occasional tillage had significantly lower grain moisture content of 22.4 versus 28.2%, and somewhat lower wet stover biomass of 14.6 versus 20.2 Mg ha(-1), wet corn ear yield of 10.0 versus 11.4 Mg ha(-1), and dry grain yield of 8.2 versus 9.4 Mg ha(-1). As contrasted with earlier studies which were conducted under controlled research plots, this study was conducted under on-farm conditions. C1 [Stavi, I.; Lal, R.] Ohio State Univ, Carbon Management & Sequestrat Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Owens, L. B.] USDA ARS, Coshocton, OH 43812 USA. RP Stavi, I (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Carbon Management & Sequestrat Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM istavi@yahoo.com RI Lal, Rattan/D-2505-2013 FU Midwest Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (MRCSP) FX The research was funded by the Midwest Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership (MRCSP). We kindly acknowledge Mrs. Joyce Alloway and Mr. Don Lightell for the helpful assistance in field and laboratory works. We are grateful to Mr. Abe Miller and Mr. Malvin Yoder for allowing access to their fields. NR 27 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 53 PU SPRINGER FRANCE PI PARIS PA 22 RUE DE PALESTRO, PARIS, 75002, FRANCE SN 1774-0746 J9 AGRON SUSTAIN DEV JI Agron. Sustain. Dev. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 31 IS 3 BP 475 EP 482 DI 10.1007/s13593-011-0006-4 PG 8 WC Agronomy; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Agriculture; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 780TN UT WOS:000291882200004 ER PT J AU Knust, BM Wolf, PC Wells, SJ AF Knust, Barbara M. Wolf, Paul C. Wells, Scott J. TI Characterization of the risk of deer-cattle interactions in Minnesota by use of an on-farm environmental assessment tool SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS; ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; DAIRY HERDS; TUBERCULOSIS; MICHIGAN; TRANSMISSION; SURVIVAL; WILDLIFE AB Objective-To characterize the risk of interactions that may lead to the transmission of Mycobacterium bovis between cattle and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) on farms in northern Minnesota. Sample-53 cattle farms in northwestern Minnesota adjacent to an area where bovine tuberculosis-infected cattle and deer were detected. Procedures-A semiquantitative deer-cattle interaction assessment tool was used for the 53 cattle herds. Farm risk scores were analyzed on the basis of deer damage to stored feed. Results-27 (51%) farms reported deer damage to stored cattle feeds within the year previous to the farm visit. A strong association was found between increases in the percentage of land that could serve as deer cover and deer damage to stored feeds on a farm. The total risk score was significantly associated with the probability of a farm having deer damage. By use of a logistic regression model, the total risk score and proportion of nonagricultural land around a farm could be used to predict the likelihood of deer damage to stored feeds. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Management practices on many farms in northwestern Minnesota allowed potential deer-cattle interactions. The on-farm risk assessment tool served as a valuable tool for prioritizing the biosecurity risks for farms. Continued development of biosecurity is needed to prevent potential transmission of bovine tuberculosis between deer and cattle, especially on farms that have a higher risk of deer damage. (Am J Vet Res 201172:924-931) C1 [Knust, Barbara M.; Wells, Scott J.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Ctr Anim Hlth & Food Safety, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Wolf, Paul C.] Wildlife Serv, APHIS, USDA, St Paul, MN 55107 USA. RP Knust, BM (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bknust@cdc.gov FU 2007 Minnesota Rapid Agricultural Response Fund FX Supported by the 2007 Minnesota Rapid Agricultural Response Fund. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 72 IS 7 BP 924 EP 931 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 785IL UT WOS:000292222600009 PM 21728853 ER PT J AU Ford, JJ AF Ford, J. J. TI Chinese Meishan pigs: an important resource for defining genomic regulation of swine reproduction SO AMINO ACIDS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ford, J. J.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0939-4451 J9 AMINO ACIDS JI Amino Acids PD JUL PY 2011 VL 41 SU 1 BP S50 EP S50 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 972JI UT WOS:000306273000157 ER PT J AU Saunders, SE Bartz, JC Vercauteren, KC Bartelt-Hunt, SL AF Saunders, Samuel E. Bartz, Jason C. Vercauteren, Kurt C. Bartelt-Hunt, Shannon L. TI An Enzymatic Treatment of Soil-Bound Prions Effectively Inhibits Replication SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO; SCRAPIE PRIONS; PROTEIN; INFECTIVITY; DIGESTION AB Chronic wasting disease (CWD) and scrapie can be transmitted through indirect environmental routes, possibly via soil, and a practical decontamination strategy for prion-contaminated soil is currently unavailable. In the laboratory, an enzymatic treatment under environmentally relevant conditions (22 degrees C, pH 7.4) can degrade soil-bound PrP(Sc) below the limits of Western blot detection. We developed and used a quantitative serial protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA) protocol to characterize the amplification efficiency of treated soil samples relative to controls of known infectious titer. Our results suggest large (10(4)- to > 10(6)-fold) decreases in soil-bound prion infectivity following enzyme treatment, demonstrating that a mild enzymatic treatment could effectively reduce the risk of prion disease transmission via soil or other environmental surfaces. C1 [Saunders, Samuel E.; Bartelt-Hunt, Shannon L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Peter Kiewit Inst, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. [Bartz, Jason C.] Creighton Univ, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. [Vercauteren, Kurt C.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Bartelt-Hunt, SL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Peter Kiewit Inst 203B, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. EM sbartelt2@unl.edu OI Bartz, Jason/0000-0003-4081-7886 FU USDA/APHIS/Wildlife Services/National Wildlife Research Center; UNL Research Council; UNL Othmer Fellowship; National Center for Research Resources [P20 RR0115635-6, C06 RR17417-01]; Milton Mohr Fellowship FX This research was supported in part by the USDA/APHIS/Wildlife Services/National Wildlife Research Center, the UNL Research Council, the UNL Othmer and Milton Mohr Fellowships, and the National Center for Research Resources (P20 RR0115635-6 and C06 RR17417-01). NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 77 IS 13 BP 4313 EP 4317 DI 10.1128/AEM.00421-11 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 782CR UT WOS:000291985700006 PM 21571886 ER PT J AU Wymelenberg, AV Gaskell, J Mozuch, M BonDurant, SS Sabat, G Ralph, J Skyba, O Mansfield, SD Blanchette, RA Grigoriev, IV Kersten, PJ Cullen, D AF Wymelenberg, Amber Vanden Gaskell, Jill Mozuch, Michael BonDurant, Sandra Splinter Sabat, Grzegorz Ralph, John Skyba, Oleksandr Mansfield, Shawn D. Blanchette, Robert A. Grigoriev, Igor V. Kersten, Philip J. Cullen, Dan TI Significant Alteration of Gene Expression in Wood Decay Fungi Postia placenta and Phanerochaete chrysosporium by Plant Species SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GLYCOSIDE HYDROLASE FAMILY; BROWN-ROT BASIDIOMYCETE; CELLOBIOSE DEHYDROGENASE; SECRETOME ANALYSIS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LIGNIN PEROXIDASE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GLYOXAL OXIDASE; ENZYME-SYSTEM; CELLULOSE AB Identification of specific genes and enzymes involved in conversion of lignocellulosics from an expanding number of potential feedstocks is of growing interest to bioenergy process development. The basidiomycetous wood decay fungi Phanerochaete chrysosporium and Postia placenta are promising in this regard because they are able to utilize a wide range of simple and complex carbon compounds. However, systematic comparative studies with different woody substrates have not been reported. To address this issue, we examined gene expression of these fungi colonizing aspen (Populus grandidentata) and pine (Pinus strobus). Transcript levels of genes encoding extracellular glycoside hydrolases, thought to be important for hydrolytic cleavage of hemicelluloses and cellulose, showed little difference for P. placenta colonizing pine versus aspen as the sole carbon source. However, 164 genes exhibited significant differences in transcript accumulation for these substrates. Among these, 15 cytochrome P450s were upregulated in pine relative to aspen. Of 72 P. placenta extracellular proteins identified unambiguously by mass spectrometry, 52 were detected while colonizing both substrates and 10 were identified in pine but not aspen cultures. Most of the 178 P. chrysosporium glycoside hydrolase genes showed similar transcript levels on both substrates, but 13 accumulated >2-fold higher levels on aspen than on pine. Of 118 confidently identified proteins, 31 were identified in both substrates and 57 were identified in pine but not aspen cultures. Thus, P. placenta and P. chrysosporium gene expression patterns are influenced substantially by wood species. Such adaptations to the carbon source may also reflect fundamental differences in the mechanisms by which these fungi attack plant cell walls. C1 [Gaskell, Jill; Mozuch, Michael; Kersten, Philip J.; Cullen, Dan] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Wymelenberg, Amber Vanden] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [BonDurant, Sandra Splinter; Sabat, Grzegorz] Univ Wisconsin, Genet & Biotechnol Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Skyba, Oleksandr; Mansfield, Shawn D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Wood Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Blanchette, Robert A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Grigoriev, Igor V.] Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. RP Cullen, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM dcullen@wisc.edu FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2007-35504-18257]; Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science) [BER DEFC02-07ER64494] FX This work was supported by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service (grant 2007-35504-18257 to the Forest Products Laboratory), by the Office of Science U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-05CH11231 to the Joint Genome Institute, and by the DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DEFC02-07ER64494). NR 65 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 24 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 77 IS 13 BP 4499 EP 4507 DI 10.1128/AEM.00508-11 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 782CR UT WOS:000291985700028 ER PT J AU Subramoni, S Gonzalez, JF Johnson, A Pechy-Tarr, M Rochat, L Paulsen, I Loper, JE Keel, C Venturi, V AF Subramoni, Sujatha Gonzalez, Juan F. Johnson, Aaron Pechy-Tarr, Maria Rochat, Laurene Paulsen, Ian Loper, Joyce E. Keel, Christoph Venturi, Vittorio TI Bacterial Subfamily of LuxR Regulators That Respond to Plant Compounds SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSEUDOMONAS-FLUORESCENS CHA0; QUORUM-SENSING SYSTEM; ORYZAE PV. ORYZAE; BIOCONTROL ACTIVITY; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; ANTIFUNGAL COMPOUNDS; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; GENE-EXPRESSION; HOMOLOG AB Pseudomonas fluorescens are rhizobacteria known for their biocontrol properties. Several antimicrobial functions are crucial for this process, and the experiments described here investigate the modulation of their expression during the plant-bacterium interaction. The role of a LuxR family regulator in interkingdom signaling has been investigated using genome-scale transcriptome analysis, gene promoter studies in vivo and in vitro, biocontrol assays, and response to plant compounds. PsoR, a LuxR solo or orphan regulator of P. fluorescens, was identified. PsoR is solubilized and activates a lux-box-containing promoter only in the presence of macerated plants, suggesting the presence of a plant molecule(s) that most likely binds to PsoR. Gene expression profiles revealed that genes involved in the inhibition of plant pathogens were affected by PsoR, including a chitinase gene, iron metabolism genes, and biosynthetic genes of antifungal compounds. 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol production is PsoR dependent both in vitro and in vivo. psoR mutants were significantly reduced for their ability to protect wheat plants from root rot, and damping-off caused by Pythium ultimum infection. PsoR most likely senses a molecule(s) in the plant and modulates expression of genes that have a role in biocontrol. PsoR and related proteins form a subfamily of LuxR family regulators in plant-associated bacteria. C1 [Subramoni, Sujatha; Gonzalez, Juan F.; Venturi, Vittorio] Int Ctr Genet Engn & Biotechnol, Bacteriol Grp, I-34149 Trieste, Italy. [Johnson, Aaron] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA. [Paulsen, Ian] Macquarie Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. [Pechy-Tarr, Maria; Rochat, Laurene; Keel, Christoph] Univ Lausanne, Dept Fundamental Microbiol, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Loper, Joyce E.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Venturi, V (reprint author), Int Ctr Genet Engn & Biotechnol, Bacteriol Grp, Padriciano 99, I-34149 Trieste, Italy. EM venturi@icgeb.org RI Paulsen, Ian/K-3832-2012; OI Paulsen, Ian/0000-0001-9015-9418; Loper, Joyce/0000-0003-3501-5969 FU ICGEB; Swiss National Science Foundation [3100A0-105881]; U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service Competitive [2006-35319-17427] FX We acknowledge ICGEB funding to V.V.'s lab and ICGEB fellowships to S.S. and J.F.G. We acknowledge support from the Swiss National Science Foundation grant 3100A0-105881 to L. R., M.P.-T., and C. K. and from the U.S. Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service Competitive Grant 2006-35319-17427 to I.P. and J.E.L. NR 50 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 77 IS 13 BP 4579 EP 4588 DI 10.1128/AEM.00183-11 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 782CR UT WOS:000291985700037 PM 21531826 ER PT J AU Feng, CJ Huang, JH Song, QS Stanley, D Lu, WJ Zhang, Y Huang, YP AF Feng, Congjing Huang, Jianhua Song, Qisheng Stanley, David Lue, Wenjing Zhang, Yong Huang, Yongping TI PARASITIZATION BY Macrocentrus cingulum (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) INFLUENCES EXPRESSION OF PROPHENOLOXIDASE IN ASIAN CORN BORER Ostrinia furnacalis SO ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE prophenoloxidase; Ostrinia furnacalis; Macrocentrus cingulum; insect immunity; real-time PCR; in situ hybridization; immunoelectron microscopy ID PRO-PHENOL OXIDASE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; MANDUCA-SEXTA; PHENOLOXIDASE ACTIVITY; ANOPHELES-STEPHENSI; GUENEE LEPIDOPTERA; PIERIS-RAPAE; BOMBYX-MORI; PURIFICATION; HEMOCYTES AB A prophenoloxidase (PPO) cDNA (OfPPO) was cloned from the Asian corn borer Ostrinia furnacalis. Sequence analysis revealed a full length transcript of the OfPPO cDNA with 2,686 bp, containing a 2,079 bp open reading frame (ORF), a 73-bp 5'-untranslated region, and a 534-bp 3'-untranslated region with a poly(A) signal. The ORF encodes a 693-amino acid polypeptide, containing two distinct copper-binding regions, a plausible thiol ester site, two proteolytic activation sites, and a conserved C-terminal region, but lacks a signal peptide sequence. Expression of the OfPPO transcript in the plasma, hemocytes, fat body and midgut was inhibited by Macrocentrus cingulum at 4 h post-parasitization (pp). In situ hybridization analysis showed that the hemocytes, especially the oenocytoids, hybridized strongly with the DNA probes of the OfPPO gene. No signal was detected in the cuticular epithelium or fat body of the parasitized larvae. Colloidal gold particles were used to visualize the PPO by immunoelectron microscopy. The time course study revealed a decrease in the labeling of the OfPPO at 4, 6, 8, 12, and 1 day pp in the larval integument and midgut parasitized by M. cingulum. We infer from time course studies of OfPPO gene expression and PO enzymatic activity that OfPPO in the integument is released from hemocytes and that the OfPPO expression was influenced at the transcriptional, translational, and then the post-translational level by parasitization challenge. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Huang, Jianhua; Zhang, Yong; Huang, Yongping] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Biol Sci, Inst Plant Physiol & Ecol, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China. [Feng, Congjing; Lue, Wenjing] Yangzhou Univ, Dept Plant Protect, Coll Hort & Plant Protect, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Prov, Peoples R China. [Song, Qisheng] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO USA. [Stanley, David] ARS, USDA, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO USA. RP Huang, YP (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Biol Sci, Inst Plant Physiol & Ecol, 300 Fenglin Rd, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China. EM yphuang@sibs.ac.cn RI Huang, Jianhua/H-1068-2011; ZHANG, YONG/H-1671-2012 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30971963, 30771445]; National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2006CB102002] FX Grant sponsor: National Natural Science Foundation of China; Grant numbers: 30971963; 30771445; Grant sponsor: National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program); Grant number: 2006CB102002. NR 38 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0739-4462 J9 ARCH INSECT BIOCHEM JI Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 77 IS 3 BP 99 EP 117 DI 10.1002/arch.20425 PG 19 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology; Physiology GA 782JF UT WOS:000292003600001 PM 21638307 ER PT J AU Cushman, RA Echternkamp, SE AF Cushman, Robert A. Echternkamp, Sherrill E. TI Investigation of a Functional Role for Titin in the Bovine Ovary Based on the Results of an Initial Whole Genome Scan for Antral Follicle Count SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction (SSR) CY 2011 CL Portland, OR SP Soc Study Reproduct C1 [Cushman, Robert A.; Echternkamp, Sherrill E.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1691 MONROE ST,SUITE # 3, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 85 SI SI MA 642 PG 2 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 032VC UT WOS:000310746200382 ER PT J AU Echternkamp, SE Eborn, DR Spicer, LJ AF Echternkamp, Sherrill E. Eborn, Douglas R. Spicer, Leon J. TI Hedgehog Signaling Pathway in Small Bovine Ovarian Follicles. SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction (SSR) CY 2011 CL Portland, OR SP Soc Study Reproduct C1 ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1691 MONROE ST,SUITE # 3, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 85 SI SI MA 673 PG 2 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 032VC UT WOS:000310746200569 ER PT J AU Guthrie, HD Welch, G Theisen, D Woods, C AF Guthrie, Howard David Welch, Glenn Theisen, Daniel Woods, Curry TI Effects of Liquid Hypothermic Storage, Freezing Rate, and Extender Type on Viability, Calcium Homeostasis, and ATP Content in Captive Striped Bass (Morone saxatilis) Sperm SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction (SSR) CY 2011 CL Portland, OR SP Soc Study Reproduct C1 USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1691 MONROE ST,SUITE # 3, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 85 SI SI MA 525 PG 2 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 032VC UT WOS:000310746200339 ER PT J AU Jinks, EM Pohler, KG Smith, MF MacNeil, MD Roberts, AM Waterman, RC Geary, TW AF Jinks, Emma M. Pohler, Ky G. Smith, Michael F. MacNeil, Michael D. Roberts, Andy M. Waterman, Richard C. Geary, Thomas W. TI Effect of Ovulatory Follicle Size and Estradiol Supplementation During the Preovulatory Period on Pregnancy Rates in Postpartum Beef Cows SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction (SSR) CY 2011 CL Portland, OR SP Soc Study Reproduct C1 Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. USDA ARS Ft Keogh, Miles City, MT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1691 MONROE ST,SUITE # 3, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 85 SI SI MA 479 PG 2 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 032VC UT WOS:000310746200060 ER PT J AU McFee, R Artac, R Pohlmeier, W Kerl, J Brauer, V Cushman, R Cupp, A AF McFee, Renee Artac, Robin Pohlmeier, William Kerl, Jill Brauer, Vanessa Cushman, Robert Cupp, Andrea TI Anti-Angiogenic VEGFA164B Isoform mRNA Is More Abundant in E2-Inactive, Atretic Follicles while Expression of Angiogenic VEGFA Isoforms Is Greater in Granulosa Cells from Developing Bovine Follicles Prior to the LH Surge SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction (SSR) CY 2011 CL Portland, OR SP Soc Study Reproduct C1 Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1691 MONROE ST,SUITE # 3, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 85 SI SI MA 668 PG 2 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 032VC UT WOS:000310746200074 ER PT J AU Nonneman, DJ Rohrer, GA Rempel, LA Lents, CA Vallet, JL AF Nonneman, Dan J. Rohrer, Gary A. Rempel, Lea A. Lents, Clay A. Vallet, Jeff L. TI Current Genetic Technologies to Improve Efficiency of Livestock Production SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction (SSR) CY 2011 CL Portland, OR SP Soc Study Reproduct C1 [Nonneman, Dan J.; Rohrer, Gary A.; Rempel, Lea A.; Lents, Clay A.; Vallet, Jeff L.] ARS, USDA, USMARC, Clay Ctr, NE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1691 MONROE ST,SUITE # 3, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 85 SI SI MA 107 PG 2 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 032VC UT WOS:000310746200483 ER PT J AU Summers, A Cushman, R Smith, JE Lammers, B McFee, R Pohlmeier, W Brauer, V Sargent, K Lu, NX Cupp, AS Wood, JR AF Summers, Adam Cushman, Robert Smith, Jacqueline E. Lammers, Bailey McFee, Renee Pohlmeier, William Brauer, Vanessa Sargent, Kevin Lu, Ningxia Cupp, Andrea S. Wood, Jennifer R. TI Females with Reduced Fertility Have Excess Androstenedione in Follicular Fluid, Altered Theca Gene Expression and Increased VEGFA164b, Maternal Effect, and microRNA Processing mRNA Levels in Cumulus-Oocyte Complexes SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction (SSR) CY 2011 CL Portland, OR SP Soc Study Reproduct C1 Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USA. USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1691 MONROE ST,SUITE # 3, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 85 SI SI MA 667 PG 2 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 032VC UT WOS:000310746200588 ER PT J AU Weber, GM AF Weber, Gregory M. TI Use of Technologies to Control Reproduction in Finfish Aquaculture and Feed the World SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction (SSR) CY 2011 CL Portland, OR SP Soc Study Reproduct C1 [Weber, Gregory M.] ARS, USDA, Kearneysville, WV USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1691 MONROE ST,SUITE # 3, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 85 SI SI MA 108 PG 2 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 032VC UT WOS:000310746200484 ER PT J AU Jones, K Sim, L Mohan, S Kumarasamy, J Liu, H Avery, S Naim, HY Quezada-Calvillo, R Nichols, BL Pinto, BM Rose, DR AF Jones, Kyra Sim, Lyann Mohan, Sankar Kumarasamy, Jayakanthan Liu, Hui Avery, Stephen Naim, Hassan Y. Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto Nichols, Buford L. Pinto, B. Mario Rose, David R. TI Mapping the intestinal alpha-glucogenic enzyme specificities of starch digesting maltase-glucoamylase and sucrase-isomaltase SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Maltase-glucoamylase; Sucrase-isomaltase; Inhibition profiles; Glucosidase inhibition ID TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; RAT JEJUNUM; DISACCHARIDASE ACTIVITIES; GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORS; EXPRESSION; SALACINOL; PREVENTION; ACARBOSE; CHAIN; GENE AB Inhibition of intestinal alpha-glucosidases and pancreatic alpha-amylases is an approach to controlling blood glucose and serum insulin levels in individuals with Type II diabetes. The two human intestinal glucosidases are maltase-glucoamylase and sucrase-isomaltase. Each incorporates two family 31 glycoside hydrolases responsible for the final step of starch hydrolysis. Here we compare the inhibition profiles of the individual N- and C-terminal catalytic subunits of both glucosidases by clinical glucosidase inhibitors, acarbose and miglitol, and newly discovered glucosidase inhibitors from an Ayurvedic remedy used for the treatment of Type II diabetes. We show that features of the compounds introduce selectivity towards the subunits. Together with structural data, the results enhance the understanding of the role of each catalytic subunit in starch digestion, helping to guide the development of new compounds with subunit specific antidiabetic activity. The results may also have relevance to other metabolic diseases such as obesity and cardiovascular disease. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Jones, Kyra; Rose, David R.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Biol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. [Sim, Lyann] Carlsberg Lab, DK-1799 Copenhagen V, Denmark. [Mohan, Sankar; Kumarasamy, Jayakanthan; Liu, Hui; Pinto, B. Mario] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Chem, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Avery, Stephen; Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto; Nichols, Buford L.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Avery, Stephen; Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto; Nichols, Buford L.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Naim, Hassan Y.] Univ Vet Med, Dept Physiol Chem, Hannover, Germany. [Quezada-Calvillo, Roberto] Zona Univ, Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, CIEP Fac Ciencias Quim, San Luis Potosi 78360, SLP, Mexico. RP Rose, DR (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Dept Biol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada. EM drrose@uwaterloo.ca FU Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada [NA-6305]; Canadian Institutes for Health Research [FRN79400]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canadian Institutes of Health Research; Canadian Digestive Health Foundation; USDA ARS [6250-51000-52]; Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center [NIH DK58338] FX We are grateful to the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada (NA-6305) for an operating grant (to D.R.R.) and the Canadian Institutes for Health Research (FRN79400) for an operating grant (to D.R.R. and B.M.P.). L.S. was supported by a scholarship from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. K.J. was supported by a scholarship from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Canadian Digestive Health Foundation. Enzyme expression was supported in part by research funds from USDA ARS 6250-51000-52 and was part of The Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center (NIH DK58338). We thank Partha Sen, Baylor College of Medicine Molecular Core (primer syntheses and sequencing) and Kurt Christensen from the BCM Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center Baculovirus/Monoclonal Antibody Core Facility (C-terminal enzyme expression). NR 37 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 6 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0968-0896 J9 BIOORGAN MED CHEM JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 19 IS 13 BP 3929 EP 3934 DI 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.05.033 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 781LU UT WOS:000291934700006 PM 21669536 ER PT J AU Lotto, V Choi, SW Friso, S AF Lotto, Valentina Choi, Sang-Woon Friso, Simonetta TI Vitamin B-6: a challenging link between nutrition and inflammation in CVD SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Review DE Vitamin B-6; Inflammation; Nutrition; CVD; Atherosclerosis; One-carbon metabolism ID CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; PLASMA PYRIDOXAL 5'-PHOSPHATE; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS; FOLIC-ACID; HEART-DISEASE; B-VITAMINS AB The objective of the present review is to highlight the relationship between low vitamin B-6 status and CVD through its link with inflammation. While overt vitamin B-6 deficiency is uncommon in clinical practice, increasing evidence suggests that marginal vitamin B-6 deficiency is rather frequent in a consistent proportion of the population and is related to an increased risk of inflammation-related diseases. Ample evidence substantiates the theory of atherosclerosis as an inflammatory disease, and low plasma vitamin B-6 concentrations have been related to increased CVD risk. Several studies have also shown that low vitamin B-6 status is associated with rheumatoid arthritis and chronic inflammatory bowel diseases, both of which hold an underlying chronic inflammatory condition. Furthermore, the inverse association observed between inflammation markers and vitamin B-6 supports the notion that inflammation may represent the common link between low vitamin B-6 status and CVD risk. In addition to the epidemiological evidence, there are a number of cell culture and animal studies that have suggested several possible mechanisms relating impaired vitamin B-6 status with chronic inflammation. A mild vitamin B-6 deficiency characterises, in most cases, a subclinical at-risk condition in inflammatory-linked diseases which should be addressed by an appropriate individually tailored nutritional preventive or therapeutic strategy. C1 [Lotto, Valentina; Friso, Simonetta] Univ Verona, Sch Med, Dept Med, Policlin G B Rossi, I-37134 Verona, Italy. [Choi, Sang-Woon] Tufts Univ, Vitamins & Carcinogenesis Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Friso, S (reprint author), Univ Verona, Sch Med, Dept Med, Policlin G B Rossi, Ple LA Scuro 10, I-37134 Verona, Italy. EM simonetta.friso@univr.it FU Ministry of University, Scientific and Technologic Research FX The present review was supported by the National Funding of the Ministry of University, Scientific and Technologic Research (S. F., V. L.). The contribution of each author was as follows: S. F. and S.-W. C. identified the research question, the topic and main purposes of the present review and contributed to the critical analyses of the manuscript; V. L. designed the search strategy, carried out the literature searches, analysed the findings and drafted the text and tables. All authors contributed to synthesising the results and critical revision of the manuscript, and all approved the final version. The authors declare no conflict of interest related to this study. NR 92 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 8 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 106 IS 2 BP 183 EP 195 DI 10.1017/S0007114511000407 PG 13 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 782CW UT WOS:000291986200003 PM 21486513 ER PT J AU Herndon, CN Shanthalingam, S Knowles, DP Call, DR Srikumaran, S AF Herndon, Caroline N. Shanthalingam, Sudarvili Knowles, Donald P. Call, Douglas R. Srikumaran, Subramaniam TI Comparison of Passively Transferred Antibodies in Bighorn and Domestic Lambs Reveals One Factor in Differential Susceptibility of These Species to Mannheimia haemolytica-Induced Pneumonia SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SHEEP OVIS-CANADENSIS; PASTEURELLA-HAEMOLYTICA; FATAL PNEUMONIA; VACCINE; ARIES; ASSOCIATION; PROTECTION; RESPONSES; TOXIN AB Mannheimia haemolytica consistently causes fatal bronchopneumonia in bighorn sheep (BHS; Ovis canadensis) under natural and experimental conditions. Leukotoxin is the primary virulence factor of this organism. BHS are more susceptible to developing fatal pneumonia than the related species Ovis aries (domestic sheep [DS]). In BHS herds affected by pneumonia, lamb recruitment is severely impaired for years subsequent to an outbreak. We hypothesized that a lack of maternally derived antibodies (Abs) against M. haemolytica provides an immunologic basis for enhanced susceptibility of BH lambs to population-limiting pneumonia. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the titers of Abs directed against M. haemolytica in the sera of BH and domestic lambs at birth through 12 weeks of age. Results revealed that BH lambs had approximately 18-fold lower titers of Ab against surface antigens of M. haemolytica and approximately 20-fold lower titers of leukotoxin-neutralizing Abs than domestic lambs. The titers of leukotoxin-neutralizing Abs in the serum and colostrum samples of BH ewes were approximately 157- and 50-fold lower than those for domestic ewes, respectively. Comparatively, the higher titers of parainfluenza 3 virus-neutralizing Abs in the BH lambs ruled out the possibility that these BHS had an impaired ability to passively transfer Abs to their lambs. These results suggest that lower levels of leukotoxin-neutralizing Abs in the sera of BH ewes, and resultant low Ab titers in their lambs, may be a critical factor in the poor lamb recruitment in herds affected by pneumonia. C1 [Srikumaran, Subramaniam] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Knowles, Donald P.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Srikumaran, S (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM ssrikumaran@vetmed.wsu.edu FU Wild Sheep Foundation; Wyoming Governor's Big Game License Coalition; Rocky Mountain Bighorn Society; Seattle Chapter of the Achievement Rewards for College Scientists Foundation FX This work was supported by grants from the Wild Sheep Foundation, its state chapters, the Wyoming Governor's Big Game License Coalition, and the Rocky Mountain Bighorn Society. Caroline Herndon was partially supported by a fellowship from the Seattle Chapter of the Achievement Rewards for College Scientists Foundation. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1133 EP 1138 DI 10.1128/CVI.00044-11 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 787LQ UT WOS:000292378200014 PM 21613459 ER PT J AU Stabel, JR Bannantine, JP Eda, S Robbe-Austerman, S AF Stabel, J. R. Bannantine, J. P. Eda, Shigetoshi Robbe-Austerman, S. TI Induction of B Cell Responses upon Experimental Infection of Neonatal Calves with Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; LYMPHOCYTES; CATTLE; EXPRESSION; CD5; DISSEMINATION; TUBERCULOSIS; DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE AB The objective of this study was to determine if experimental infection of neonatal calves with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis would invoke changes in the percentages of total B cells in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell population and of subpopulations of B cells as determined by CD5, CD25, and CD45RO markers during a 12-month period. Experimental infection groups included control (noninfected), oral (infected with M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis strain K-10), oral/DXM (pretreatment with dexamethasone before oral inoculation), i.p. (intraperitoneal inoculation), and oral/M (oral inoculation with mucosal scrapings from a cow with clinical disease) groups. Over the course of the study, the percentages of total B cells in nonstimulated and antigen-stimulated cell cultures increased for oral and i.p. group calves, with the highest percentages noted at 3 and 6 months. Oral/M group calves had increased percentages of activated B cells, as determined by CD5(dim) and CD5(bright) markers, at 9 and 12 months. Experimental infection by all methods resulted in increased expression of CD25(+) and CD45RO(+) B cells early in the study, but the most significant results were observed at 12 months for oral/DXM and oral/M group calves. Immunoblot analyses with a whole-cell sonicate of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis demonstrated the most reactivity with sera from i.p. group calves and the least reactivity with sera from oral group calves. Further evidence of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-specific antibody responses in the i.p. group calves was demonstrated using the ethanol vortex enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (EvELISA) method. In summary, an induction of B cell responses was noted after experimental infection with M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis, with differences in responses noted according to the method of experimental inoculation. C1 [Stabel, J. R.; Bannantine, J. P.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Eda, Shigetoshi] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Wildlife Hlth, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Robbe-Austerman, S.] USDA APHIS, Natl Vet Serv Lab, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Stabel, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave,Bldg 20, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM judy.stabel@ars.usda.gov OI Bannantine, John/0000-0002-5692-7898 FU USDA-NRICAP FX This study was supported by a USDA-NRICAP (Johne's Disease Integrated Program) grant. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1139 EP 1149 DI 10.1128/CVI.00058-11 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 787LQ UT WOS:000292378200015 PM 21543587 ER PT J AU Schaefer, EJ Otokozawa, S Ai, M AF Schaefer, Ernst J. Otokozawa, Seiko Ai, Masumi TI Limitations of Direct Methods and the Reference Method for Measuring HDL and LDL Cholesterol SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter C1 [Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Schaefer, EJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lipid Metab Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM ernst.schaefer@tufts.edu NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 57 IS 7 BP 1081 EP 1083 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2010.159483 PG 3 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 784DL UT WOS:000292134400029 PM 21444737 ER PT J AU Sattler, FR Bhasin, S He, JX Yarasheski, KE Binder, EF Schroeder, ET Castaneda-Sceppa, C Kawakubo, M Roubenoff, R Dunn, M Hahn, C Stewart, Y Martinez, C Azen, SP AF Sattler, Fred R. Bhasin, Shalender He, Jiaxiu Yarasheski, Kevin E. Binder, Ellen F. Schroeder, E. Todd Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen Kawakubo, Miwa Roubenoff, Ronenn Dunn, Matthew Hahn, Chris Stewart, Yolanda Martinez, Carmen Azen, Stanley P. TI Durability of the effects of testosterone and growth hormone supplementation in older community-dwelling men: the HORMA Trial SO CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; BODY-COMPOSITION; ELDERLY-MEN; REPLACEMENT THERAPY; DEFICIENT ADULTS; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; MUSCLE STRENGTH; HYPOGONADAL MEN; SEXUAL FUNCTION; WOMEN AB Objectives To determine the durability of anabolic effects and adverse events (AEs) after stopping testosterone and growth hormone supplementation in older men. Design Secondary analysis of a double-masked, randomized controlled trial of testosterone gel (5 or 10 g/daily) plus rhGH (0, 3 or 5 mu g/kg/day) with follow-up of outcomes 3 months later. Participants A total of 108 community-dwelling 65- to 90-year-old men. Measurements Testosterone and IGF-1 levels, body composition (DEXA), 1-repetition maximum (1-RM) strength, stair-climbing power, quality-of-life (QOL) and activity questionnaires, AEs. Results Despite improvements in body composition during treatment, residual benefits 3 months later (week 28) were variable. For participants with improvements exceeding their week-17 median changes, benefits were sustained at week 28 for lean body mass (1.45 +/- 1.63 kg, 45% of week-17 values, P < 0.0001 vs baseline), appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM, 0.71 +/- 1.01 kg, 42%, P < 0.0001), total fat (-1.06 +/- 2.18 kg, 40%, P < 0.0001) and trunk fat (-0.89 +/- 1.42 kg, 50%, P < 0.0001); retention of ASMM was associated with greater week-16 protein intake (P = 0.01). For 1-RM strength, 39%-43% of week-17 improvements (P <= 0.05) were retained and associated with better week-17 strength (P < 0.0001), change in testosterone from week 17-to 28 (P = 0.004) and baseline PASE (P = 0.04). Framingham 10-year cardiovascular risks were low (similar to 14%), did not worsen and improved by week 28 (P = 0.0002). The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis recovered completely. Conclusions Durable improvements in muscle mass, strength and fat mass were retained 3 months after discontinuing hormone supplementation in participants with greater than median body composition changes during treatment, but not in others with smaller gains. AEs largely resolved after intervention discontinuation. Additional strategies may be needed to sustain or augment muscle mass and strength gains achieved during short-term hormone therapy. C1 [Sattler, Fred R.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Sattler, Fred R.; Schroeder, E. Todd] Univ So Calif, Div Biokinesiol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Bhasin, Shalender] Boston Univ, Sect Endocrinol Diabet & Nutr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [He, Jiaxiu; Hahn, Chris; Azen, Stanley P.] Univ So Calif, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Yarasheski, Kevin E.; Binder, Ellen F.] Washington Univ, Dept Med, St Louis, MO USA. [Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen; Roubenoff, Ronenn] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dunn, Matthew] Univ So Calif, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. RP Sattler, FR (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Med, 1500 San Pablo St,3 North,Rm 324, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. EM fsattler@usc.edu RI Yarasheski, Kevin/A-3025-2008; OI Yarasheski, Kevin/0000-0001-5436-2451 FU NCRR GCRC at USC [R01 AG18169, M0I RR00043]; U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) [58-1950-9-001]; NCRR GCRC at Tufts University [M01 RR000054]; Mass Spectrometry Research Resource at Washington University [RR000954, DK020579, DK056341]; Boston Medical Center, Boston University of Medicine [U01AG14369, 1R01DK70534]; Solvay Pharmaceuticals FX Support for HORMA was provided from R01 AG18169, NCRR GCRC M0I RR00043 at USC, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) ARS Cooperative Agreement 58-1950-9-001, the NCRR GCRC grant M01 RR000054 at Tufts University, the Mass Spectrometry Research Resource at Washington University (RR000954, DK020579 and DK056341) and U01AG14369 and 1R01DK70534 at Boston Medical Center, Boston University of Medicine.; Study therapies were provided by Solvay Pharmaceuticals Inc, Genentech Inc and Tap Pharmaceutical Products Inc; industry sponsors provided no monetary support and no input for the design, methods, subject recruitment, data collection or analysis and did not review this manuscript. FRS, SB and EFB have received independent funding support from Solvay Pharmaceuticals for other clinical studies unrelated to the current investigation and manuscript. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0300-0664 J9 CLIN ENDOCRINOL JI Clin. Endocrinol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 75 IS 1 BP 103 EP 111 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2011.04014.x PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 786FQ UT WOS:000292289200016 PM 21521283 ER PT J AU Gebauer, SK Destaillats, F Mouloungui, Z Candy, L Bezelgues, JB Dionisi, F Baer, DJ AF Gebauer, Sarah K. Destaillats, Frederic Mouloungui, Zephirin Candy, Laure Bezelgues, Jean-Baptiste Dionisi, Fabiola Baer, David J. TI Effect of trans fatty acid isomers from ruminant sources on risk factors of cardiovascular disease: Study design and rationale SO CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL TRIALS LA English DT Article DE Ruminant trans fatty acids; Industrially produced trans fatty acids; Vaccenic acid; Conjugated linoleic acid; Cardiovascular disease risk ID CONJUGATED LINOLEIC-ACID; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; BLOOD-LIPIDS; LDL CHOLESTEROL; PLASMA-LIPIDS; DIETARY-FAT; MEN; LIPOPROTEINS; HAMSTERS; PROFILE AB Substantial evidence clearly demonstrates the deleterious effects of industrially-produced trans fatty acids (TFA); however, data are lacking from large, well controlled human feeding studies that directly compare the effects of industrially-produced and naturally-occurring TFA. The purpose of the current study is to determine whether consumption of TFA derived from different sources differentially affect risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The study was a randomized, crossover design, controlled-feeding intervention designed to compare the effects of the following diet treatments on risk factors of CVD: low TFA diet (base diet, 34% energy from fat; 0.1% energy from TFA), base diet with vaccenic acid (3.0% energy), base diet with mixed isomers of TFA from partially hydrogenated vegetable oil (3.0% energy), and base diet with cis-9, trans-11 CLA (1.0% energy). The added energy from TFA replaced energy from stearic acid. Participants were required to be between the ages of 25 and 65 years, have a body mass index between 20 and 38 kg/m(2), total cholesterol <280 mg/dl, fasting triacylglycerol <300 mg/dl, fasting glucose <126 mg/dl, and blood pressure <160/100 mm Hg (controlled with certain medications). Of the 116 participants who were randomized, a total of 95 completed the intervention. Results from this study will be important in determining whether ruminant TFA and industrially produced TFA differentially affect markers of cardiovascular risk, in the context of a highly controlled feeding study. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Gebauer, Sarah K.; Baer, David J.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Destaillats, Frederic; Dionisi, Fabiola] Nestle Res Ctr, CH-1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland. [Mouloungui, Zephirin; Candy, Laure] Univ Toulouse, INPT, LCA, ENSIACET, F-31030 Toulouse, France. [Mouloungui, Zephirin; Candy, Laure] INRA, LCA, F-31030 Toulouse, France. [Bezelgues, Jean-Baptiste] Nestle Prod Technol Ctr, Marysville, OH USA. RP Baer, DJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Bldg 307B,Room 213,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM david.baer@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture; National Dairy Council; Dairy Australia FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, The National Dairy Council, and Dairy Australia. The fat blends were provided by Nestle. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1551-7144 J9 CONTEMP CLIN TRIALS JI Contemp. Clin. Trials PD JUL PY 2011 VL 32 IS 4 BP 569 EP 576 DI 10.1016/j.cct.2011.03.012 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 785JY UT WOS:000292226500017 PM 21458598 ER PT J AU Zobel, RW AF Zobel, Richard W. TI A Developmental Genetic Basis for Defining Root Classes SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID ZEA-MAYS L.; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MAIZE; INITIATION; SEEDLINGS; SOIL AB Root class nomenclature has not been standardized across species and groups (families). This has lead to a lack of transferability of conclusions from one species to another. The International Society for Root Research (ISRR) has approved a four class nomenclature for roots (Zobel and Waisel, 2010). A review of literature that has not been routinely cited by plant anatomists suggests that there are at least four classes and eight subclasses of root, based on developmental genetic characteristics across eudicots and monocots. The use of this classification scheme to develop research on specific classes of root may suggest a far more simple genetic basis than that suggested by current molecular and proteomic research. C1 USDA ARS, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. RP Zobel, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1224 Airport Rd, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. EM rich.zobel@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 10 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1410 EP 1413 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.11.0652 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 781YC UT WOS:000291972900002 ER PT J AU Smith, N Guttieri, M Souza, E Shoots, J Sorrells, M Sneller, C AF Smith, Nathan Guttieri, Mary Souza, Edward Shoots, Jenny Sorrells, Mark Sneller, Clay TI Identification and Validation of QTL for Grain Quality Traits in a Cross of Soft Wheat Cultivars Pioneer Brand 25R26 and Foster SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; SOLVENT RETENTION CAPACITIES; DOUBLED HAPLOID POPULATION; RED WINTER-WHEAT; BAKING QUALITY; BREAD WHEAT; PROTEIN-CONTENT; NONSTARCH POLYSACCHARIDES; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; MILLING YIELD AB End-use quality is vital to the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) industry. Understanding the genetics of components of quality is needed for efficient genetic improvement. Our objectives were to determine the genetics of soft wheat quality in a population derived from soft wheat cultivars and to validate the results. We developed 171 families from the cross 'Foster' x Pioneer '25R26' and obtained quality data from four environments. We assessed flour yield (FY) and flour protein (FP), softness equivalent (SE), and water (WA), sodium carbonate (SO), sucrose (SU), and lactic acid (LA) solvent retention capacities (SRCs). Families were genotyped with markers and quantitative trait loci (QTL) analyses were performed. All traits were heritable (0.71-0.93) and transgressive segregants were noted. The traits FY, WA, SO, and SU were correlated to one another as were SE and FP. A total of 29 QTL were detected from 11 genomic regions. Quantitative trait loci for correlated traits were generally coincident. Two regions of chromosome 1B had the greatest effect on WA, SO, FY, and LA (r(2) = 0.23 to 0.30); these QTL appeared to be associated with the 1BL. 1RS rye (Secale cereale L.) translocation and the Glu-B1 locus. A region of chromosome 2B had the greatest effect on FP, SE, and SU (r(2) = 0.13 to 0.23). The 1B and 2B QTL were validated in crosses between each of the original mapping parents and 'Hopewell'. We documented the relative importance for soft wheat quality of two known regions of 1B and report on a novel QTL on 2B. Marker-assisted selection for these three regions could have a significant impact on soft wheat quality. C1 [Smith, Nathan; Guttieri, Mary; Shoots, Jenny; Sneller, Clay] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Souza, Edward] ARS, USDA, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Sorrells, Mark] Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Sneller, C (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM sneller.5@osu.edu OI Shoots, Jenny/0000-0002-7766-744X NR 52 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 16 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1424 EP 1436 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.04.0193 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 781YC UT WOS:000291972900004 ER PT J AU Jia, LM Yan, WG Agrama, HA Yeater, K Li, XB Hu, BL Moldenhauer, K McClung, A Wu, DX AF Jia, Limeng Yan, Wengui Agrama, Hesham A. Yeater, Kathleen Li, Xiaobai Hu, Biaolin Moldenhauer, Karen McClung, Anna Wu, Dianxing TI Searching for Germplasm Resistant to Sheath Blight from the USDA Rice Core Collection SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI; JASMINE 85; REGISTRATION; LINES; INFECTION; VARIETY; DISEASE; YIELD; QTLS AB Sheath blight, caused by the fungal pathogen Rhizoctonia solani, is one of the most important and widely distributed diseases capable of infesting numerous crops including rice (Oryza sativa L.). Resistant germplasm with wide variation is essential for controlling this disease via breeding efforts, and genetic background helps design breeding strategies. We used the micro-chamber method to evaluate the USDA rice core collection, including 1794 accessions from 114 countries, for sheath blight resistance. Seventy-two molecular markers were used for genotyping. Compared with 'Jasmine 85', which has been recognized as one of the most resistant germplasm accessions, 52 accessions were significantly more resistant at the 5% level of probability, and of these 17 were more resistant at the 1% level of probability. The resistant accessions originated from 26 countries in nine geographic regions and are diversified for 13 phenotypic characteristics. The resistant accessions all belonged to the cultivated species O. sativa. Genetic analysis using 72 molecular markers revealed that 45 resistant accessions (87%) were indica type, which were further classified in two groups. Three accessions were identified as aus, two as aromatic, and one each as temperate japonica and tropical japonica. Breeders could use these findings to choose sheath blight resistant accessions for cultivar improvement. C1 [Yan, Wengui; Li, Xiaobai; Hu, Biaolin; McClung, Anna] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Jia, Limeng; Li, Xiaobai; Wu, Dianxing] Zhejiang Univ, State Key Lab Rice Biol, IAEA Collaborating Ctr, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Jia, Limeng; Agrama, Hesham A.; Li, Xiaobai; Hu, Biaolin; Moldenhauer, Karen] Univ Arkansas, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Yeater, Kathleen] USDA ARS, So Plains Area, College Stn, TX USA. [Hu, Biaolin] Jiangxi Acad Agr Sci, Rice Res Inst, Nanchang, Peoples R China. RP Yan, WG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM Wengui.Yan@ars.usda.gov NR 56 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1507 EP 1517 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.10.0581 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 781YC UT WOS:000291972900012 ER PT J AU Jumbo, M Weldekidan, T Holland, JB Hawk, JA AF Jumbo, McDonald Weldekidan, Teclemariam Holland, James B. Hawk, James A. TI Comparison of Conventional, Modified Single Seed Descent, and Doubled Haploid Breeding Methods for Maize Inbred Line Development Using Germplasm Enhancement of Maize Breeding Crosses SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE AB Breeding crosses from the Germplasm Enhancement of Maize (GEM) project between exotic accessions and elite Corn Belt Dent inbreds provide a unique opportunity for broadening the genetic base of the U. S. maize (Zea mays L.) crop by incorporating favorable exotic alleles in elite genetic backgrounds. Genetic gains in the GEM program could be enhanced by identifying more efficient breeding procedures for this purpose. We compared four breeding methods, conventional Germplasm Enhancement of Maize (CG), conventional mass (CM), modified single seed descent (MSSD), and doubled haploid (DH) methods, for their relative capacity to produce superior maize inbred lines and hybrids from three GEM breeding crosses: (ANTIG01 x N16) x DE4, (AR16035 x S02) x S09, and (DKXL212 x S09) x S43b. Testcross evaluations of 50 selected lines from each combination of cross and breeding method were conducted across multiple environments, generally revealing no differences among breeding methods. The MSSD and CM methods had higher proportions of the top 10 lines for grain yield and yield: moisture ratio in the second year testcross reevaluations of about the top 28% of lines. Hybrids from MSSD lines tended to have higher grain moisture, but MSSD hybrids with high yield: moisture ratio could still be identified. The MSSD method may be an effective and efficient alternative to both pedigree and DH methods for developing high performing lines from the GEM breeding crosses as it requires relatively fewer resources. C1 [Jumbo, McDonald; Weldekidan, Teclemariam; Hawk, James A.] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Holland, James B.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Holland, James B.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Hawk, JA (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM jhawk@udel.edu OI Holland, James/0000-0002-4341-9675 FU American Seed Research Foundation FX This research project was supported in part by a grant from the American Seed Research Foundation for graduate Plant Breeding Education. We thank AgReliant Genetics, Beck's Hybrids, Hoegemeyer Hybrids, Illinois Foundation Seeds, Inc., Monsanto, Mycogen Seed, Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., Schillinger Seeds, and Syngenta for providing winter isolation blocks and/or support for yield testing. We also acknowledge the USDA-ARS GEM Project at Iowa State University for providing the breeding crosses and University of Delaware corn breeding graduate student, Adrienne Kleintop, for her assistance with this study. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 23 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1534 EP 1543 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.10.0594 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 781YC UT WOS:000291972900015 ER PT J AU Negeri, AT Coles, ND Holland, JB Balint-Kurti, PJ AF Negeri, Adisu T. Coles, Nathan D. Holland, James B. Balint-Kurti, Peter J. TI Mapping QTL Controlling Southern Leaf Blight Resistance by Joint Analysis of Three Related Recombinant Inbred Line Populations SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; HETEROSTROPHUS RACE-O; BIPOLARIS-MAYDIS; COCHLIOBOLUS-HETEROSTROPHUS; GENETIC ARCHITECTURE; DISEASE RESISTANCE; FLOWERING TIME; YIELD LOSS; MAIZE; CORN AB Southern leaf blight (SLB) is a foliar necrotrophic disease of maize (Zea mays L.) caused by the ascomycete fungus Cochliobolus heterostrophus (Drechs.) Drechs. It is particularly important in warm humid parts of the world where maize is cultivated, such as the southern Atlantic coast area of the United States and parts of India, Africa, and Western Europe. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for resistance to SLB disease caused by C. heterostrophus race O were identified in three maize recombinant inbred populations assessed in two environments: Clayton, NC, in the summer and Homestead, FL, in the winter. The three populations were derived from the crosses B73 x CML254, CML254 x B97, and B97 x Ki14. Each of these populations was derived from a cross between a temperate maize line (B73 or B97) and a tropical maize line (Ki14 or CML254). Quantitative trait loci were identified by separate analysis of each population and by joint connected and disconnected analyses of all the populations. The most significant QTL identified were on chromosomes 3, 8, 9, and 10. Joint analysis led to more precise position estimates than separate analysis in each case. Results are discussed in the context of previous SLB QTL analysis studies and a recent flowering time QTL study that used the same populations. The chromosome 8 and 9 QTL colocalized with previously identified flowering time QTL, which suggested that the perceived effect on SLB resistance at these QTL may have been mediated through an effect on flowering time. C1 [Holland, James B.; Balint-Kurti, Peter J.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Negeri, Adisu T.; Balint-Kurti, Peter J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Coles, Nathan D.; Holland, James B.] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Balint-Kurti, PJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM Peter.Balint-Kurti@ars.usda.gov OI Holland, James/0000-0002-4341-9675; Balint-Kurti, Peter/0000-0002-3916-194X FU National Science Foundation [0321467, 0822495]; Corn Growers' Association of North Carolina FX GENOPLANTE MCQTL was generated within a GENOPLANTE program (Mangin et al., 2007) and improved thanks to a grant from Toulouse Genopole Midi-Pyrenees. We would like to thank the following for help with various aspects of the work: Kristen Kump, John Zwonitzer, Randy Wisser, Donna Stephens, David Rhyne, Cathy Herring and the staff of Central Crop Research station, and the staff of 27 Farms, Homestead, FL. This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation (awards 0321467 and 0822495) and the Corn Growers' Association of North Carolina. NR 44 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 15 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1571 EP 1579 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.12.0672 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 781YC UT WOS:000291972900019 ER PT J AU Johnson, RC Kisha, TJ Pecetti, L Romani, M Richter, P AF Johnson, R. C. Kisha, T. J. Pecetti, L. Romani, M. Richter, P. TI Characterization of Poa supina from the Italian Alps with AFLP Markers and Correlation with Climatic Variables SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; SUBTERRANEAN CLOVER POPULATIONS; PUTATIVE ANCESTORS; MOLECULAR MARKERS; INFERENCE; GERMPLASM; RESPONSES; TRAITS; ANNUA AB Supina bluegrass (Poa supina Schrad.) has the potential for expanded use as a turfgrass, yet its characterization with DNA markers is limited. Our objectives were to characterize amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) variation and determine correlations with climatic variables on in situ leaf collections from 46 locations across the Italian Alps. Using the STRUCTURE program, marker data differentiated the collections into three genetic groups. The groups were verified with analysis of molecular variance and analysis of variance on principal coordinate (PCO) scores (P < 0.01). For PCO analysis, the first three dimensions (Dims) explained 12, 6, and 5% of the total collection-location variation, respectively, and Dim 1 strongly distinguished the three STRUCTURE groups. Correlations of Dim 1 and 2 scores with collection-location temperature and precipitation variables were often significant over STRUCTURE groups but generally not within groups (P < 0.05). However, Dim 3 correlations with climatic variables were frequent both within and across STRUCTURE groups, suggesting a more fundamental association. The correlations of PCOs with climate could result from incidental genomic differences and/or from linkage of plant traits with markers that covaried with climate. The results showed considerable marker variation for supina bluegrass across different climatic areas in the Italian Alps, suggesting that phenotypic variation for agronomic and turf traits is also likely. C1 [Johnson, R. C.; Kisha, T. J.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Pecetti, L.; Romani, M.] Ctr Ric Prod Foraggere & Lattiero Caseari, Lodi, Italy. [Richter, P.] So Oregon Univ, Ashland, OR 97520 USA. RP Johnson, RC (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Box 646402, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM rcjohnson@wsu.edu FU USDA-ARS; Italian Ministry of Agriculture FX Many thanks to Lisa Taylor for technical laboratory support. The plant germplasm collection and evaluation in Italy was supported cooperatively by the USDA-ARS National Genetic Resources Program and the Plant Genetic Resources, Food, and Agricultural Organization Program granted by the Italian Ministry of Agriculture. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1627 EP 1636 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.09.0533 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 781YC UT WOS:000291972900025 ER PT J AU Liu, ZL Bai, GH Zhang, DD Zhu, CS Xia, XY Cheng, RH Shi, ZG AF Liu, Zhengli Bai, Guihua Zhang, Dadong Zhu, Chengsong Xia, Xueyan Cheng, Ruhong Shi, Zhigang TI Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Elite Foxtail Millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.] Germplasm in China SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID DNA MICROSATELLITES; MARKERS; MAIZE; VARIABILITY; SSR AB China is among the countries that have the most severe water deficiency. Due to its excellent drought tolerance, foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.] has become one of the important cereal crops in China. Information on genetic diversity and population structure of foxtail millet may facilitate effective use of limited genetic resources in breeding programs. In this study, a selected panel of 128 accessions was screened with 79 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers to investigate genetic diversity and population structure of foxtail millet. The panel was selected from 3356 germplasm collections from three major ecological areas of China: North, Northwest, and Northeast China. The mean genetic diversity was 0.75 and the mean polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.72, indicating a high level of genetic diversity across the panel. Structure analysis identified six groups, which matches with their pedigree information, in general, but not with their geographic origins. Germplasm in Group 2 (G2) have unique geographic origins and pedigrees, which is different from other five groups; thus, crosses of accessions in this group to accessions from other groups are more likely to generate expected recombination for developing both conventional and hybrid cultivars. C1 [Liu, Zhengli; Bai, Guihua; Zhang, Dadong; Zhu, Chengsong] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Liu, Zhengli; Xia, Xueyan; Cheng, Ruhong; Shi, Zhigang] Hebei Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Inst Millet Crops, Shijiazhuang 050031, Hebei, Peoples R China. [Bai, Guihua] ARS, USDA, Hard Winter Wheat Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Bai, GH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, 4008 Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM gbai@ksu.edu RI Zhu, Chengsong/F-8045-2011 FU Hebei Province Millet Key Laboratory; Hebei Province Excellent Expert Training Program; Hebei Province Natural Science Foundation in China; USDA Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit in Manhattan, KS FX This is contribution no. 11-305-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Manhattan, KS. This research was partially supported by Hebei Province Millet Key Laboratory, Hebei Province Excellent Expert Training Program, and Hebei Province Natural Science Foundation in China and USDA Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research Unit in Manhattan, KS. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 38 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1655 EP 1663 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.11.0643 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 781YC UT WOS:000291972900028 ER PT J AU Brown, RH Bregitzer, P AF Brown, Ryan H. Bregitzer, Phil TI A Ds Insertional Mutant of a Barley miR172 Gene Results in Indeterminate Spikelet Development SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CHROMOSOME ADDITION LINES; MERISTEM CELL FATE; FLOWER DEVELOPMENT; HUMAN-GENOME; ARABIDOPSIS; MICRORNA; SHOOT; EVOLUTION; APETALA2; TRANSCRIPTOME AB A simple, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and agarose gel-based system was used to efficiently detect barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) lines with novel transpositions of a modified maize (Zea mays L.) Ds element. One line contained a Ds insertion in a gene critical to barley spike development which appears to be a regulatory component of the ABC model of floral development. This model, elucidated based on studies of dicots, is widely conserved and function of key genes-such as AP2-have been demonstrated in monocots such as rice (Oryza sativa L.) and maize, but significant differences in orthologous gene function exist. This report describes the generation of a Ds-insertional mutant of a putative barley ortholog of miR172. The miR172 family of microRNAs (miRNAs) includes a member shown to control the expression of AP2 and AP2-like orthologs during floral development. The Ds-miR172 mutant contains a 3.6 kb insertion in the mature miRNA sequence, thus abolishing function, and the associated floral abnormalities are consistent with the failure to properly regulate the barley AP2 ortholog. Ds-miR172 mutants show abnormal spikelet development, including the conversion of glumes to partially developed florets in apical regions of spikes. Basal regions of the spike show an abnormal branching phenotype resulting from indeterminate spikelet meristem development, with each branch consisting of multiple, abnormal spikelets and other floral organs in place of a single spikelet. This phenotype is similar to ts4 in maize, the only other known mutation affecting a miR172 ortholog. C1 [Brown, Ryan H.; Bregitzer, Phil] ARS, USDA, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Bregitzer, P (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM Phil.Bregitzer@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service, USDA [5366-21000-028-00] FX This research was supported by the Agricultural Research Service, USDA, project 5366-21000-028-00. Ann Caspersen, USDA-ARS, assisted with sequence and SNP analysis. John Gardner, Brigham Young University, provided valuable expertise in the preparation and use of the scanning electron microscope. NR 49 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 12 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1664 EP 1672 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.09.0532 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 781YC UT WOS:000291972900029 ER PT J AU Upchurch, RG Ramirez, ME AF Upchurch, Robert G. Ramirez, Martha E. TI Soybean Plastidal Omega-3 Fatty Acid Desaturase Genes GmFAD7 and GmFAD8: Structure and Expression SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FATTY-ACID DESATURATION; CHLOROPLAST OMEGA-3 DESATURASE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MAGNAPORTHE-GRISEA; DISEASE RESISTANCE; TEMPERATURE STRESS; JASMONIC ACID; HIGHER-PLANTS; FAD7; LEAVES AB We characterized soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] FAD7 and FAD8 gene structure and expression responses to temperature and pathogen stress to compare and contrast these features to those reported for higher plant plastidal omega-3 (omega-3) desaturases. We found that the genomic structure and deduced amino acid sequence of soybean FAD7 and FAD8 are similar to other higher plant plastidal omega-3 desaturases: eight exons and seven introns, predicted proteins of 453 amino acid residues containing three conserved histidine motifs, amino terminal chloroplast transit peptides, and molecular masses of 51.3 and 51.4 kDa, respectively. GmFAD7 has 76% amino acid sequence identity to GmFAD8. Two complete copies of GmFAD7, one on chromosome 18 and one on chromosome 7, and two complete copies of GmFAD8, one on chromosome 3 and one on chromosome 1 of the 'Williams 82' soybean genome, were found with strong sequence similarity to GmFAD7 and GmFAD8 of cultivar Dare. Dare GmFAD7 transcript expression in leaves remained at a relatively low level and was unaffected by any of the temperature treatments we imposed, but GmFAD8 transcript accumulation was sharply upregulated by a cool temperature (20/16 degrees C day/night) after a 12 h exposure and total linolenic acid as a percent of total leaf fatty acids increased from 60 to about 68% after 48 h at the cool temperature. Inoculation of soybean leaves with the fungal pathogen Cercospora kikuchii differentially upregulated the level of GmFAD7 transcripts to twice that of GmFAD8 by 12 h postinoculation. The response of soybean foliar FAD8 expression and linolenic acid levels to cool temperature was similar to observations in other plants. On the other hand, despite increased soybean FAD7 expression in response to foliar pathogen stress the expected associated increase in foliar linolenic acid was not detected. C1 [Upchurch, Robert G.] ARS, USDA, Soybean & Nitrogen Fixat Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Upchurch, RG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soybean & Nitrogen Fixat Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM greg.upchurch@ars.usda.gov NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 18 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1673 EP 1682 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.09.0537 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 781YC UT WOS:000291972900030 ER PT J AU Hinchliffe, DJ Meredith, WR Delhom, CD Thibodeaux, DP Fang, DD AF Hinchliffe, Doug J. Meredith, William R. Delhom, Christopher D. Thibodeaux, Devron P. Fang, David D. TI Elevated Growing Degree Days Influence Transition Stage Timing During Cotton Fiber Development Resulting in Increased Fiber-Bundle Strength SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L; CELL-WALL; CELLULOSE SYNTHASE; NIGHT TEMPERATURE; OVULE CULTURE; IN-VITRO; GROWTH; ELONGATION; GENES; ARABIDOPSIS AB Growing degree days required for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) growth and development were recorded for four growing seasons and compared with fiber-quality measurements and gene expression data indicative of different stages of fiber development. Fiber-bundle strength differences between the Upland cotton near-isogenic lines MD 52ne and MD 90ne were observed using immature and mature fibers collected at different time points of development stages. Previously characterized fiber-bundle-strength differences between the near-isogenic lines, known as a result of early entrance into the transition stage of fiber development, were present as early as 20 d postanthesis and persisted to boll opening and fiber maturity. The onset of transition stage was correlated with the accumulated degree day heat units from the day of anthesis in both cotton lines in all seasons. Fiber-quality measurements obtained over multiple growing seasons indicated that an earlier entrance into the transition stage of fiber development resulted in increased fiber-bundle strength. These data suggest that the identification of genes associated with early entrance into the transition stage can be used to temporally manipulate fiber development and improve fiber quality. C1 [Hinchliffe, Doug J.; Meredith, William R.] ARS, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, USDA, SRRC, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Meredith, William R.] ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Delhom, Christopher D.] ARS, Cotton Struct & Qual Res Unit, USDA, SRRC, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Thibodeaux, Devron P.] ARS, Cotton Qual Res Stn, USDA, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Fang, DD (reprint author), ARS, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, USDA, SRRC, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM david.fang@ars.usda.gov OI fang, david/0000-0003-0036-5459 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service [6435-21000-015-00D] FX The authors thank the staff of the USDA-ARS-MSA, Crop Genetics Research Unit for their technical expertise in conducting the field work. We would like to thank the staff of the USDA-ARS-SAA, Cotton Quality Research Station and the USDA-ARS-SRRC, Fiber Testing Lab for their technical expertise in conducting fiber-quality measurement tests. We also thank Abul Ullah and Jay Mellon for their expertise and helpful comments during the preparation of this manuscript and Sarah Lingle for providing weather data from the cotton field in New Orleans. This research was funded by USDA-Agricultural Research Service project 6435-21000-015-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. NR 38 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1683 EP 1692 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.10.0569 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 781YC UT WOS:000291972900031 ER PT J AU Alderman, PD Boote, KJ Sollenberger, LE Coleman, SW AF Alderman, P. D. Boote, K. J. Sollenberger, L. E. Coleman, S. W. TI Carbohydrate and Nitrogen Reserves Relative to Regrowth Dynamics of 'Tifton 85' Bermudagrass as Affected by Nitrogen Fertilization SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FESCUE FESTUCA-ARUNDINACEA; CO2 FIXATION PATHWAYS; CYNODON DACTYLON L; LOLIUM-PERENNE; NONSTRUCTURAL CARBOHYDRATE; EXCHANGE CHARACTERISTICS; COASTAL BERMUDAGRASS; GAS-EXCHANGE; N UPTAKE; GROWTH AB Carbohydrate and N reserves are important for perennial grass regrowth after defoliation. The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of N fertilization on dynamics of reserve accumulation and utilization for regrowth of a C(4) perennial grass. A field study was conducted at Gainesville, FL, on established 'Tifton 85' bermudagrass (Cynodon spp.) in 2006 and 2007. Treatments were N rates of 0, 45, 90, and 135 kg N ha(-1) regrowth period(-1). Total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) and N concentrations, leaf area index (LAI), and canopy carbon exchange rate (CER) were measured weekly during 28-d regrowth periods. Stem and rhizome TNC concentrations decreased with increasing N rate, ranging from 20 to 80 mg g(-1) for stem and 45 to 145 mg g(-1) for rhizome, and followed quadratic time trends, with minima between 7 and 14 d of regrowth, suggesting reserve utilization up to 2 wk after defoliation. Leaf, stem, rhizome, and root N concentrations increased with N rate. Leaf and stem N concentrations followed quadratic time trends, with maxima between 7 and 14 d of regrowth, and ranged from 15 to 50 mg g(-1) for leaf and 10 to 40 mg g(-1) for stem. Rhizome N concentrations were constant throughout regrowth. Canopy CER and LAI followed logistic time trends within each 28-d regrowth period, with upper asymptotes raised by increased N rate. Nitrogen fertilization increased TNC reserve utilization, LAI, and canopy CER, thereby increasing shoot regrowth at rates up to 90 kg N ha(-1) period(-1). C1 [Alderman, P. D.; Boote, K. J.; Sollenberger, L. E.] Univ Florida, Dep Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Coleman, S. W.] ARS, USDA, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, Brooksville, FL 34601 USA. RP Alderman, PD (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dep Agron, POB 110500, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM aldermap@ufl.edu OI Boote, Kenneth/0000-0002-1358-5496 NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 13 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1727 EP 1738 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.09.0516 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 781YC UT WOS:000291972900035 ER PT J AU Griess, JK Mason, SC Jackson, DS Galusha, TD Pedersen, JF Yaseen, M AF Griess, Joni K. Mason, Stephen C. Jackson, David S. Galusha, Tomie D. Pedersen, Jeffrey F. Yaseen, Muhammad TI Environment and Hybrid Influences on Rapid-Visco-Analysis Flour Properties of Food-Grade Grain Sorghum SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PASTING PROPERTIES; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; STARCH PROPERTIES; QUALITY; MAIZE; ANALYZER; HARDNESS; CORN; LANDRACES; PRODUCTS AB Grain processors would benefit from information about the production environment and the influences of the sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] hybrid on food-grade flour properties. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of environment and hybrid on rapid-visco-analysis (RVA) flour properties of commercially available food-grade sorghum. A randomized complete block experiment was planted in 12 environments, which included the 2004 and 2005 growing seasons and irrigated and dryland water regimes in eastern, central, and west central Nebraska, and a dryland, low-N environment in eastern Nebraska. The environment accounted for 71-85% of the total variation in RVA parameters, while the hybrid accounted for 11-23% and the environment-by-hybrid interaction, 1-3%. Unfortunately, the results of this experiment suggest that it is difficult to predict the effect that environment will have on resulting sorghum-flour parameters. Although of secondary importance in terms of total variation in sorghum-flour RVA properties, the choice of hybrid predictably and significantly contributes to sorghum-starch viscosity properties. Food-grade hybrids were grouped based on viscosity properties into those best suited for dry-mill and alkaline-cooked products (Asgrow Orbit; Sorghum Partners NK1486) and those best suited for porridge, consumable alcohol, and ethanol production (Kelly Green Seeds KG6902; NC+Hybrids 7W92; Asgrow Eclipse; and Fontanelle W-1000). These results were consistent with those previously reported for grain density. C1 [Griess, Joni K.; Mason, Stephen C.; Galusha, Tomie D.] Univ Nebraska, Dep Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Jackson, David S.] Univ Nebraska, Dep Food Sci & Technol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Pedersen, Jeffrey F.] ARS, USDA, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Yaseen, Muhammad] Univ Nebraska, Dep Stat, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Mason, SC (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dep Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM smason1@unl.edu RI Yaseen, Muhammad/B-4349-2012 NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1757 EP 1766 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.10.0604 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 781YC UT WOS:000291972900038 ER PT J AU Jessup, RW Renganayaki, K Reinert, JA Genovesi, AD Engelke, MC Paterson, AH Kamps, TL Schulze, S Howard, AN Giliberto, B Burson, BL AF Jessup, R. W. Renganayaki, K. Reinert, J. A. Genovesi, A. D. Engelke, M. C. Paterson, A. H. Kamps, T. L. Schulze, S. Howard, A. N. Giliberto, B. Burson, B. L. TI Genetic Mapping of Fall Armyworm Resistance in Zoysiagrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SOUTHWESTERN CORN-BORER; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISMS; LEAF-FEEDING DAMAGE; EST-SSR MARKERS; TROPICAL MAIZE; SPODOPTERA-FRUGIPERDA; LEPIDOPTERA; NOCTUIDAE; DNA; TRANSFERABILITY AB Molecular tools have not identified markers for host-plant resistance to fall armyworm [Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)], one of the most damaging insect pests in turfgrasses in the southeastern United States. Available quantitative trait loci (QTL) in maize (Zea mays L.) have further not been assessed for utility as comparative markers for the trait across related taxa. This study reports a linkage map of the region conferring major control of fall armyworm resistance in zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.). One genomic simple sequence repeat (ZgAg136) and one amplified fragment length polymorphism (Zgaw216) were linked to and flanked the locus for fall armyworm resistance (Zfawr1) by 6.3 and 8.8 cM, respectively. These markers offer immediate value toward marker-assisted selection for fall armyworm resistance in zoysiagrass and potentially across additional important crops. Nonsynteny between the fall armyworm resistance loci in zoysiagrass and maize was indicated by the absence of linkage between 38 candidate markers from maize fall armyworm resistance QTL regions and Zfawr1. As a major-effect locus and putative novel source for fall armyworm resistance gene(s), Zfawr1 is a promising target for further investigation. C1 [Jessup, R. W.; Renganayaki, K.; Howard, A. N.; Giliberto, B.] Texas A&M Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Reinert, J. A.; Genovesi, A. D.; Engelke, M. C.] Texas AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Dallas, TX 75252 USA. [Paterson, A. H.; Kamps, T. L.; Schulze, S.] Univ Georgia, Plant Genome Mapping Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Burson, B. L.] Texas A&M Univ, USDA, ARS, Crop Germplasm Res Unit,Heep Ctr 430, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Jessup, RW (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM rjessup@tamu.edu NR 58 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 10 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1774 EP 1783 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.09.0553 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 781YC UT WOS:000291972900040 ER PT J AU Rao, SC Northup, BK AF Rao, Srinivas C. Northup, Brian K. TI Grass Pea as a Nitrogen Source for Continuous No-Till Winter Wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; DRYLAND CROPPING SYSTEMS; LEGUME GREEN MANURES; GRAIN-SORGHUM; WATER-USE; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; SEASON LEGUMES; SOIL; YIELD; FORAGE AB Sources and methods of use of organic nitrogen (N) in the southern Great Plains (SGP) need testing to find alternatives to increasingly expensive inorganic fertilizer. We examined the function of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.), a cool-season pulse, as a preplant N source for continuous, no-till winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The study was conducted in central Oklahoma (35 degrees 40'N, 98 degrees 00' W, elevation 414 masl) from 2004 to 2008, on three replicate blocks of four experimental plots (6 by 10 m). Inoculated grass pea seed ('AC-Greenfix') was sown during late summer fallow (mid-August) in one randomly chosen plot per block (75 kg ha(-1), 60-cm rows; 75% germination). Three additional plots per block mimicked summer fallow with 0 (control), 40, or 80 kg N ha(-1) inorganic fertilizer applied. All treatments were repeated on the same plots throughout the study. Samples were collected from grass pea plots at flowering in early October to define aboveground biomass and analyzed for N concentration and digestibility. Aboveground biomass of grass pea was shredded with a flail mower and left on the soil surface, fertilizer treatments were applied, and wheat ('Jagger') was sown (100 kg ha(-1), 20-cm rows). Aboveground wheat biomass was collected at three growth stages (elongation, flowering, physiological maturity) and analyzed for N concentration. Grass pea aboveground biomass contained enough N to meet the needs of wheat at planting in only 1 yr. Wheat biomass and amounts of N in wheat aboveground biomass in response to grass pea were intermediate between the 0 and 40 kg applied N ha(-1), as was yield and N accumulated in wheat grain. Therefore, grass pea was not effective as a preplant source of N for continuous no-till winter wheat in the SGP. Additional research is required to define factors that limit the function of grass pea as a source of N for continuous no-till winter wheat and its potential function in other crop rotations. C1 [Rao, Srinivas C.; Northup, Brian K.] ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. RP Rao, SC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grazinglands Res Lab, 7207 W Cheyenne St, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. EM srinivas.rao@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 17 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1824 EP 1831 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.09.0513 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 781YC UT WOS:000291972900046 ER PT J AU Grabber, JH Coblentz, WK Broderick, GA AF Grabber, J. H. Coblentz, W. K. Broderick, G. A. TI Rumen-Degradable Protein in Roll-Conditioned or Macerated Legume Hays and Silages Estimated by In Situ Kinetics vs. Alternative Methods SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FORAGE LEGUMES; ALFALFA; CONSERVATION; FRACTIONS; INVITRO; CLOVER; CATTLE; RATES; VIVO AB Alternatives to the in situ method for estimating rumen-degradable protein (RDP) in diverse forage legumes should be validated. In this study, RDP in roll-conditioned or macerated silages and hays of Medicago, Lotus, and Trifolium species with differing polyphenol compositions were estimated from in situ degradation kinetics, a rumen microbial inhibitor in vitro assay, a 10-h in situ incubation, the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System, and a 16-h in vitro Streptomyces griseus protease digestion. Forage species, conditioning, and conservation methods influenced RDP estimates. In situ kinetic RDP could be ranked or in some cases accurately predicted by other RDP methods, but the protease method performed poorly for macerated forages. C1 [Grabber, J. H.; Broderick, G. A.] ARS, USDA, Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Coblentz, W. K.] ARS, USDA, Inst Environmentally Integrated Dairy Management, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. RP Grabber, JH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM john.grabber@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-CSREES Initiative for Future Agricultural and Food Systems [00-52103-9658] FX The authors are grateful to Christy Davidson, Robin Ogden, and Mary Becker for valuable technical assistance. Funding was partially provided by the USDA-CSREES Initiative for Future Agricultural and Food Systems, grant number 00-52103-9658. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1832 EP 1839 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.10.0566 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 781YC UT WOS:000291972900047 ER PT J AU Burns, JC AF Burns, J. C. TI Maturity and Regrowth Influences on Quality of Caucasian Bluestem Hay SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID OLD-WORLD BLUESTEM; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; VOLUNTARY INTAKE; WATER RELATIONS; GAS-EXCHANGE; FORAGE YIELD; UPPER SOUTH; DIGESTIBILITY; PRODUCTIVITY; BEHAVIOR AB Caucasian bluestem [CBS; Bothriochloa caucasica (Trin.) C. E. Hubbard 'Caucasian'] appears adapted to the mid-Atlantic region. Three experiments, one with sheep and two with steers, were conducted to assess hay quality. In Experiment (Exp.) 1, initial growth was cut at early boot, anthesis, and postanthesis and regrowth cut at early boot and anthesis (five treatments) and evaluated by wether sheep. All treatments, except regrowth anthesis were also evaluated in a preliminary experiment with steers. In Exp. 2, regrowth was cut at the same three initial growth stages as in Exp. 1 and evaluated by steers. Sheep readily ate CBS hay, consuming 1.88 kg 100 kg(-1) body weight (BW) when the hay was cut at early boot, with apparent dry matter digestion (DMD) of 647 g kg(-1). Intake decreased linearly by postanthesis to 1.45 kg 100 kg(-1) BW with DMD of 548 g kg(-1). Steers also readily ate early-boot CBS hay, averaging 2.49 kg 100 kg(-1) BW with DMD of 661 g kg(-1). Intake decreased linearly by postanthesis to 1.48 kg 100 kg(-1) BW with a DMD of 589 g kg(-1). Sheep and steer intake was well correlated (r = 0.951; P = 0.05) as was DMD (r = 0.939; P = 0.06). In Exp. 2, steers readily consumed regrowth hay, averaging 2.73 kg 100 kg(-1) BW for the early-boot cut with a DMD of 670 g kg(-1). Intake declined linearly by postanthesis to 1.57 kg 100 kg(-1) BW with a DMD of 517 g kg(-1). Hays of CBS can provide desirable quality for animal production systems if it is cut by the early-boot stage in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. C1 [Burns, J. C.] N Carolina State Univ, ARS, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Burns, J. C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Burns, J. C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Burns, JC (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, ARS, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM joe_burns@ncsu.edu NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1840 EP 1849 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.10.0570 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 781YC UT WOS:000291972900048 ER PT J AU Burns, JC Fisher, DS Pond, KR AF Burns, J. C. Fisher, D. S. Pond, K. R. TI Tall Fescue Forage Mass and Canopy Characteristics on Steer Ingestive Behavior and Performance SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NUTRITIVE-VALUE; CATTLE; DIGESTA; DEFOLIATION; RUMINANTS; PASTURES; PASSAGE; MODELS; SWARD; SIZE AB Tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) is a well-adapted perennial pasture species utilized across the north-south transition zone of the United States. This 3-yr trial evaluated the infl uence of three forage masses (FM) on steer and pasture responses for spring (April to July) and fall (October) growths. Spring FM averaged 1450 kg ha(-1) (Short), 3032 kg ha(-1) (Medium), and 3812 kg ha(-1) (Tall) for the three treatments. Canopy in vitro true organic matter disappearance (ITOD) decreased linearly from Short (797 g kg(-1)) to Tall (771 g kg(-1)). Steer daily gains (0.88 kg) and gains per hectare (392 kg ha(-1) yr(-1)) were not altered by FM, but the mean number of steers per hectare decreased linearly from Short (8.2 steers ha(-1)) to Tall (6.1 steers ha(-1)) as did effective feed units per hectare (2256 to 1712 kg ha(-1) yr(-1)). Canopies were predominately leaf (53%) and averaged 847 g kg(-1) ITOD with estimates similar among FM treatments. Diet ITOD declined linearly from Short (870 g kg(-1)) to Tall (839 g kg(-1)) as did crude protein (CP) (from 235 to 192 g kg(-1)). In the fall, FM averaged 1556, 3228, and 3494 kg ha(-1) for the three FM treatments. Canopy ITOD averaged 774 g kg(-1) and was not altered by FM. Canopy leaves averaged 60% with an ITOD of 864 g kg(-1) and were similar among FM treatments. Diets selected averaged 834 g kg(-1) ITOD and 233 g kg(-1) CP and were not altered by FM. Tall fescue pasture free of toxic endophyte needs to be effectively utilized to enhance production and can be managed fl exibly in grazing systems. C1 [Burns, J. C.] N Carolina State Univ, ARS, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27659 USA. [Burns, J. C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27659 USA. [Fisher, D. S.] ARS, USDA, JPCS Natl Resource Conservat Ctr, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. [Pond, K. R.] Dep Anim & Food Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Burns, JC (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, ARS, USDA, 1119 Williams Hall,Box 7620, Raleigh, NC 27659 USA. EM joe_burns@ncsu.edu NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 51 IS 4 BP 1850 EP 1864 DI 10.2135/cropsci2010.10.0578 PG 15 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 781YC UT WOS:000291972900049 ER PT J AU Chase, CC Elsasser, TH Spicer, LJ Riley, DC Lucy, MC Hammond, AC Olson, TA Coleman, SW AF Chase, C. C., Jr. Elsasser, T. H. Spicer, L. J. Riley, D. C. Lucy, M. C. Hammond, A. C. Olson, T. A. Coleman, S. W. TI Effect of growth hormone administration to mature miniature Brahman cattle treated with or without insulin on circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I and other metabolic hormones and metabolites SO DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Growth hormone; Insulin; IGF-I; IGF-I binding proteins; Miniature cattle ID FACTOR-BINDING-PROTEINS; NEGATIVE-ENERGY BALANCE; IGF-I; GH RECEPTOR; LACTATING COWS; PLASMA-CONCENTRATIONS; BOVINE SOMATOTROPIN; FOLLICULAR-GROWTH; MILK-PRODUCTION; SERUM AB Previously, we determined that a primary cause of proportional stunted growth in a line of Brahman cattle was related to an apparent refractoriness in metabolic response to GH in young animals. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of administration of GH, insulin (INS), and GH plus INS to mature miniature Brahman cows (n = 6; 9.7 +/- 2.06 y; 391 +/- 48.6 kg) and bulls (n 8; 9.4 +/- 2.00 y; 441 +/- 54.0 kg) on circulating concentrations of metabolic hormones and metabolites, primarily IGF-I and IGF-I binding proteins. We hypothesized that IGF-I secretion could be enhanced by concomitant administration of exogenous GH and INS, and neither alone would be effective. Animals were allotted to a modified crossover design that included our treatments: control (CON), GH, INS, and GH + INS. At the start of the study, one-half of the cattle were administered GH (Posilac; 14-d slow release) and the other one-half served as CON for 7 d. Beginning on clay 8, and for 7 d, INS (Novolin L) was administered (0.125 IU/kg BW) twice daily (7:00 AM and 7:00 PM) to all animals; hence, the INS and GH + INS treatments. Cattle were rested for 14 d and then were switched to the reciprocal crossover treatments. Blood samples were collected at 12-hour intervals during the study. Compared with CON, GH treatment increased (P < 0.01) mean plasma concentrations of GH (11.1 vs 15.7 +/- 0.94 ng/mL), INS (0.48 vs 1.00 +/- 0.081 ng/mL), IGF-I (191.3 vs 319.3 +/- 29.59 ng/mL), and glucose (73.9 vs 83.4 +/- 2.12 mg/dL) but decreased (P < 0.05) plasma urea nitrogen (14.2 vs 11.5 +/- 0.75 mg/dL). Compared with INS, GH + INS treatment increased (P < 0.05) mean plasma concentration of INS (0.71 vs 0.96 +/- 0.081 ng/mL), IGF-I (228.7 vs 392.3 +/- 29.74 ng/mL), and glucose (48.1 vs 66.7 +/- 2.12 mg/dL), decreased (P < 0.01) plasma urea nitrogen (13.6 vs 10.4 +/- 0.76 mg/dL), and did not affect (13.5 vs 12.7 +/- 0.95 ng/mL). In the miniature Brahman model, both the GH and GH + INS treatments dramatically increased circulating concentrations of IGF-I in mature cattle, suggesting that this line of Brahman cattle is capable of responding to bioactive GH. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Chase, C. C., Jr.; Riley, D. C.; Coleman, S. W.] ARS, USDA, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, Brooksville, FL 34601 USA. [Elsasser, T. H.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Spicer, L. J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Lucy, M. C.] Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Hammond, A. C.] ARS, USDA, Pacific W Area, Off Area Director, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Olson, T. A.] Univ Florida, Dept Anim Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Chase, CC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, 22271 Chinsegut Hill Rd, Brooksville, FL 34601 USA. EM Chad.Chase@ars.usda.gov OI Spicer, Leon/0000-0003-2911-6130 NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0739-7240 EI 1879-0054 J9 DOMEST ANIM ENDOCRIN JI Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.domaniend.2011.01.006 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Agriculture; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 782OR UT WOS:000292019500001 PM 21420268 ER PT J AU Chandler, RB Royle, JA King, DI AF Chandler, Richard B. Royle, J. Andrew King, David I. TI Inference about density and temporary emigration in unmarked populations SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chestnut-sided Warbler; Dendroica pensylvanica; detection probability; hierarchical models; N-mixture model; population density; spot-mapping; temporary emigration; unmarked populations; White Mountain National Forest; USA ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE DATA; REPLICATED COUNTS; MIXTURE-MODELS; ABUNDANCE; SIZE AB Few species are distributed uniformly in space, and populations of mobile organisms are rarely closed with respect to movement, yet many models of density rely upon these assumptions. We present a hierarchical model allowing inference about the density of unmarked populations subject to temporary emigration and imperfect detection. The model can be fit to data collected using a variety of standard survey methods such as repeated point counts in which removal sampling, double-observer sampling, or distance sampling is used during each count. Simulation studies demonstrated that parameter estimators are unbiased when temporary emigration is either "completely random" or is determined by the size and location of home ranges relative to survey points. We also applied the model to repeated removal sampling data collected on Chestnut-sided Warblers (Dendroica pensylvancia) in the White Mountain National Forest, USA. The density estimate from our model, 1.09 birds/ha, was similar to an estimate of 1.11 birds/ha produced by an intensive spot-mapping effort. Our model is also applicable when processes other than temporary emigration affect the probability of being available for detection, such as in studies using cue counts. Functions to implement the model have been added to the R package unmarked. C1 [Chandler, Richard B.; Royle, J. Andrew] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [King, David I.] Univ Massachusetts, No Res Stn, USDA, US Forest Serv, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Chandler, RB (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. EM rchandler@usgs.gov RI Chandler, Richard/D-8831-2014; Chandler, Richard/F-9702-2016; OI Royle, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3135-2167 FU USDA Northern Research Station; White Mountain National Forest FX M. Becker, C. Chandler, and D. Hof provided valuable assistance with fieldwork and data collection. L. Prout, L. Rouse, and C. Weloth provided additional logistical support. Funding for the fieldwork was provided by the USDA Northern Research Station and the White Mountain National Forest. The suggestions of Marc Kery, David Miller, and two anonymous reviewers led to substantial improvements of the manuscript. NR 23 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 18 U2 88 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JUL PY 2011 VL 92 IS 7 BP 1429 EP 1435 PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 793IR UT WOS:000292814300007 PM 21870617 ER PT J AU Peters, DPC Lugo, AE Chapin, FS Pickett, STA Duniway, M Rocha, AV Swanson, FJ Laney, C Jones, J AF Peters, Debra P. C. Lugo, Ariel E. Chapin, F. Stuart, III Pickett, Steward T. A. Duniway, Michael Rocha, Adrian V. Swanson, Frederick J. Laney, Christine Jones, Julia TI Cross-system comparisons elucidate disturbance complexities and generalities SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE disturbance event; disturbance type; drought; ecological theory; global change; hurricane; legacies; overgrazing; thresholds; wildfire AB Given that ecological effects of disturbance have been extensively studied in many ecosystems, it is surprising that few quantitative syntheses across diverse ecosystems have been conducted. Multi-system studies tend to be qualitative because they focus on disturbance types that are difficult to measure in an ecologically relevant way. In addition, synthesis of existing studies across systems or disturbance types is challenging because sufficient information needed for analysis is not easily available. Theoretical advances and improved predictions can be advanced by generalizations obtained from synthesis activities that include multiple sites, ecosystems, and disturbance events. Building on existing research, we present a conceptual framework and an operational analog to integrate this rich body of knowledge and to promote quantitative comparisons of disturbance effects across different types of ecosystems and disturbances. This framework recognizes individual disturbance events that consist of three quantifiable components: (1) environmental drivers, (2) initial system properties, and (3) physical and biological mechanisms of effect, such as deposition, compaction, and combustion. These components result in biotic and abiotic legacies that can interact with subsequent drivers and successional processes to influence system response. Through time, a coarse-scale quasi-equilibrial state can be reached where variation in drivers interacting with biotic processes and feedbacks internal to the system results in variability in dynamics. At any time, a driver of sufficient magnitude can push the system beyond its realm of natural variability to initiate a new kind of event. We use long-term data from diverse terrestrial ecosystems to illustrate how our approach can facilitate cross-system comparisons, and provide new insights to the role of disturbance in ecological systems. We also provide key disturbance characteristics and measurements needed to promote future quantitative comparisons across ecosystems. C1 [Peters, Debra P. C.; Duniway, Michael; Laney, Christine] ARS, USDA, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Lugo, Ariel E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Inst Trop Forestry, Rio Piedras, PR 00928 USA. [Chapin, F. Stuart, III] Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Pickett, Steward T. A.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Rocha, Adrian V.] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Swanson, Frederick J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Jones, Julia] Oregon State Univ, Dept Geosci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Peters, DPC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM debpeter@nmsu.edu RI Laney, Christine/B-7867-2010; OI Laney, Christine/0000-0002-4944-2083; Duniway, Michael/0000-0002-9643-2785 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0620482, DEB-0620579, DEB-0620910, DEB-0423476, DEB-0423385, DEB-0823380]; LTER Network Office [DEB-0236154] FX Support was provided by the National Science Foundation to the Long Term Ecological Research Programs at the Jornada Basin (DEB-0618210), Sevilleta (DEB-0620482), Bonanza Creek (DEB-0620579), Luquillo (DEB-0620910), Baltimore Ecosystem Study (DEB-0423476), Arctic (DEB-0423385), and HJ Andrews Experimental Forest (DEB-0823380). Support was also provided by the LTER Network Office (DEB-0236154) to the EcoTrends Disturbance Working Group. We thank Principal Investigators from the 26 LTER sites for providing disturbance information from their site. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on the manuscript. Jin Yao assisted with preparation of tables and figures. This is Sevilleta publication number 557. NR 127 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 19 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD JUL PY 2011 VL 2 IS 7 AR UNSP 81 DI 10.1890/ES11-00115.1 PG 26 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V30IX UT WOS:000208810800009 ER PT J AU Royo, AA Scalley, TH Moya, S Scatena, FN AF Royo, Alejandro A. Scalley, Tamara Heartsill Moya, Samuel Scatena, Fred N. TI Non-arborescent vegetation trajectories following repeated hurricane disturbance: ephemeral versus enduring responses SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Bisley Experimental Watersheds; ferns; hurricane disturbance; Luquillo; understory; vines AB Hurricanes strongly influence short-term patterns of plant community structure, composition, and abundance and are a major contributor to the maintenance of plant diversity in many forests. Although much research has focused on the immediate and long-term effects of hurricane disturbance on tree diversity, far less attention has been devoted to the non-arborescent understory community that often account for the vast majority of the vascular species. Using a unique 20 year dataset, we tracked changes in richness, cover, biomass, and diversity (H ') of non-arborescent species following Hurricane Hugo (1989) and Hurricane Georges (1998) in a mature secondary subtropical wet forest of Puerto Rico. Hurricanes caused an immediate, albeit transient, increase in overall species richness, cover, and diversity. Over a twenty year period, the non-arborescent community exhibited pronounced and persistent changes in composition, including a dramatic increase in abundance and richness of ferns and vines and a concomitant decrease in forbs and shrubs. By 2010, understory composition and relative abundance hierarchies were significantly altered; ferns and vines combined comprised 75 and 90% of total understory cover and biomass, respectively. Our results for this community contrast sharply with prior studies on similar temporal and spatial scales that demonstrate hurricanes rarely alter dominant tree species composition over the long-term. These results suggest that the role of hurricane disturbance in structuring plant diversity may be even more important than previously thought. C1 [Royo, Alejandro A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Irvine, PA 16329 USA. [Scalley, Tamara Heartsill; Moya, Samuel; Scatena, Fred N.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. [Scatena, Fred N.] Univ Penn, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Royo, AA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, POB 267, Irvine, PA 16329 USA. EM aroyo@fs.fed.us OI Heartsill Scalley, Tamara/0000-0003-0550-4147 FU USDA Forest Service [DEB-0218039] FX This work was done in cooperation with the University of Puerto Rico. It is part of the USDA Forest Service contribution to the National Science Foundation LTER Program at the Luquillo Experimental Forest Grant DEB-0218039 to the Institute for Tropical Ecosystem Studies, University of Puerto Rico, and the International Institute of Tropical Forestry, USDA Forest Service. We thank D.J. Lodge, A. Lugo, J. Sharpe, A. Shiels, and P. Weaver for the review of the manuscript and J. Stanovick for statistical consultation and review. C.R. Estrada Ruiz and C. Torrens assisted with the long-term field data collection. AAR, THS, and FNS co-developed the idea for the manuscript, corefined the intellectual content and scope, edited all drafts, and AAR prepared the final version of the manuscript. FNS and SM initiated the project, and guaranteed the long-term consistency of field and laboratory data acquisition. AAR, THS, and SM checked the long-term data records. All authors reviewed and edited the final draft. NR 74 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD JUL PY 2011 VL 2 IS 7 AR UNSP 77 DI 10.1890/ES11-00118.1 PG 18 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V30IX UT WOS:000208810800005 ER PT J AU Rita, JCO Gama-Rodrigues, EF Gama-Rodrigues, AC Polidoro, JC Machado, RCR Baligar, VC AF Rita, Joice Cleide O. Gama-Rodrigues, Emanuela Forestieri Gama-Rodrigues, Antonio Carlos Polidoro, Jose Carlos Machado, Regina Cele R. Baligar, Virupax C. TI C and N Content in Density Fractions of Whole Soil and Soil Size Fraction Under Cacao Agroforestry Systems and Natural Forest in Bahia, Brazil SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Aggregate protection; Soil carbon stabilization; Soil fractionation; Free light fraction; Intra-aggregate light fraction; Heavy fraction ID ORGANIC-MATTER FRACTIONS; STATE C-13 NMR; CROP-ROTATION; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; LAND-USE; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; RHODIC FERRALSOL; HEAVY FRACTIONS; SOUTHERN BRAZIL; SILTY SOILS AB Agroforestry systems (AFSs) have an important role in capturing above and below ground soil carbon and play a dominant role in mitigation of atmospheric CO2. Attempts has been made here to identify soil organic matter fractions in the cacao-AFSs that have different susceptibility to microbial decomposition and further represent the basis of understanding soil C dynamics. The objective of this study was to characterize the organic matter density fractions and soil size fractions in soils of two types of cacao agroforestry systems and to compare with an adjacent natural forest in Bahia, Brazil. The land-use systems studied were: (1) a 30-year-old stand of natural forest with cacao (cacao cabruca), (2) a 30-year-old stand of cacao with Erythrina glauca as shade trees (cacao + erythrina), and (3) an adjacent natural forest without cacao. Soil samples were collected from 0-10 cm depth layer in reddish-yellow Oxisols. Soil samples was separated by wet sieving into five fraction-size classes (> 2000 mu m, 1000-2000 mu m, 250-1000 mu m, 53-250 mu m, and < 53 mu m). C and N accumulated in to the light (free- and intra-aggregate density fractions) and heavy fractions of whole soil and soil size fraction were determined. Soil size fraction obtained in cacao AFS soils consisted mainly (65 %) of mega-aggregates (> 2000 mu m) mixed with macroaggregates (32-34%), and microaggregates (1-1.3%). Soil organic carbon (SOC) and total N content increased with increasing soil size fraction in all land-use systems. Organic C-to-total N ratio was higher in the macroaggregate than in the microaggregate. In general, in natural forest and cacao cabruca the contribution of C and N in the light and heavy fractions was similar. However, in cacao + erythrina the heavy fraction was the most common and contributed 67% of C and 63% of N. Finding of this study shows that the majority of C and N in all three systems studied are found in macroaggregates, particularly in the 250-1000 mu m size aggregate class. The heavy fraction was the most common organic matter fraction in these soils. Thus, in mature cacao AFS on highly weathered soils the main mechanisms of C stabilization could be the physical protection within macroaggregate structures thereby minimizing the impact of conversion of forest to cacao AFS. C1 [Rita, Joice Cleide O.; Gama-Rodrigues, Emanuela Forestieri; Gama-Rodrigues, Antonio Carlos] Univ Estadual Norte Fluminense, Soil Lab, BR-28013602 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Polidoro, Jose Carlos] EMBRAPA Solos, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Machado, Regina Cele R.] MARS Ctr Cocoa Sci, Itajuipe, Bahia, Brazil. [Baligar, Virupax C.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crop Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Gama-Rodrigues, EF (reprint author), Univ Estadual Norte Fluminense, Soil Lab, UENF CCTA LSOL Av Alberto Lamego,2000 Campos Goyt, BR-28013602 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM emanuela@uenf.br FU Pau Brasil Foundation FX The authors would like to acknowledge "Pau Brasil Foundation" for the first author's fellowship; Dr. Michele Oliveira Macedo (In memorian) and Dr. David Campos for technical support in density fractionation method; Katia R. Nascimento Sales for technical support in soil analysis within the Soil Laboratory at North Fluminense State University; and Volney Magalhaes for technical assistance in collecting soil samples. NR 55 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 10 U2 44 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 48 IS 1 BP 134 EP 141 DI 10.1007/s00267-011-9642-3 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 778ZS UT WOS:000291748500012 PM 21387100 ER PT J AU Berge, ND Ro, KS Mao, JD Flora, JRV Chappell, MA Bae, SY AF Berge, Nicole D. Ro, Kyoung S. Mao, Jingdong Flora, Joseph R. V. Chappell, Mark A. Bae, Sunyoung TI Hydrothermal Carbonization of Municipal Waste Streams SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STATE NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; SOLID-WASTE; CHEMICAL-REACTIONS; PLANT-MATERIAL; CELLULOSE; PRODUCTS; WATER; BIOMASS; LIQUID AB Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a novel thermal conversion process that can be used to convert municipal waste streams into sterilized, value-added hydrochar. HTC has been mostly applied and studied on a limited number of feedstocks, ranging from pure substances to slightly more complex biomass such as wood, with an emphasis on nanostructure generation. There has been little work exploring the carbonization of complex waste streams or of utilizing HTC as a sustainable waste management technique. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the environmental implications associated with the carbonization of representative municipal waste streams (including gas and liquid products), to evaluate the physical, chemical, and thermal properties of the produced hydrochar, and to determine carbonization energetics associated with each waste stream. Results from batch carbonization experiments indicate 49-75% of the initially present carbon is retained within the char, while 20-37% and 2-11% of the carbon is transferred to the liquid- and gas-phases, respectively. The composition of the produced hydrochar suggests both dehydration and decarboxylation occur during carbonization, resulting in structures with high aromaticities. Process energetics suggest feedstock carbonization is exothermic. C1 [Berge, Nicole D.; Flora, Joseph R. V.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Ro, Kyoung S.] ARS, USDA, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Mao, Jingdong] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Chappell, Mark A.] USA, Corps Engineers, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Bae, Sunyoung] Seoul Womens Univ, Dept Chem, Seoul 139774, South Korea. RP Berge, ND (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 300 Main St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM berge@cec.sc.edu FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0843996, CBET-0853950] FX The authors acknowledge the contributions of Ms. Beth Quattlebaum for conducting AD waste experiments and Ms. Paula Lozano for obtaining TOC data. Mao would like to thank the National Science Foundation (EAR-0843996 and CBET-0853950) for the support of his research. Collaboration with the USDA-ARS was conducted according to the agreement NFCA 6657-13630-003-14N. Mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 37 TC 129 Z9 136 U1 19 U2 160 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 45 IS 13 BP 5696 EP 5703 DI 10.1021/es2004528 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 783IQ UT WOS:000292075100035 PM 21671644 ER PT J AU Findley, SD Pappas, AL Cui, YY Birchler, JA Palmer, RG Stacey, G AF Findley, Seth D. Pappas, Allison L. Cui, Yaya Birchler, James A. Palmer, Reid G. Stacey, Gary TI Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization-Based Karyotyping of Soybean Translocation Lines SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS LA English DT Article DE soybean; chromosome translocation; FISH; karyotype; cytogenetics ID GLYCINE-SOJA SIEB.; GENETIC-VARIATION; SSR MARKERS; CHROMOSOME; SEQUENCE; GENOME; WILD; MAX; DNA; ACCESSIONS AB Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) is a major crop species and, therefore, a major target of genomic and genetic research. However, in contrast to other plant species, relatively few chromosomal aberrations have been identified and characterized in soybean. This is due in part to the difficulty of cytogenetic analysis of its small, morphologically homogeneous chromosomes. The recent development of a fluorescence in situ hybridization -based karyotyping system for soybean has enabled our characterization of most of the chromosomal translocation lines identified to date. Utilizing genetic data from existing translocation studies in soybean, we identified the chromosomes and approximate breakpoints involved in five translocation lines. C1 [Stacey, Gary] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Natl Ctr Soybean Biotechnol, Christopher S Bond Life Sci Ctr 271E, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Pappas, Allison L.; Palmer, Reid G.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Birchler, James A.] Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Stacey, G (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Natl Ctr Soybean Biotechnol, Christopher S Bond Life Sci Ctr 271E, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM staceyg@missouri.edu FU US Department of Agriculture [2008-34555-19305]; National Center for Soybean Biotechnology; National Science Foundation [DBI0423898]; BRDC; Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa [4403] FX We thank Jesse Riordan (USDA ARS) and Scott Kalberer (USDA ARS) for help with the chromosome mapping. We thank Scott Jackson, the Arizona Genomics Institute and the Clemson University Genomics Institute for BAC clones. We thank Jeongmin Choi, Patrice Albert, and members of the Birchler laboratory for helpful discussions. Finally, we are grateful to Jason C. Anderson, Steven B. Cannon, and anonymous reviewers for their helpful critiques. S. D. F. and G. S. received funding from the US Department of Agriculture (grant 2008-34555-19305) and the National Center for Soybean Biotechnology. J.A.B received funding from the National Science Foundation (grant DBI0423898). R. G. P. and A. L. P. gratefully acknowledge funding from BRDC.; This is a joint contribution from the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, Iowa, Project No. 4403; and from the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit. The mention of a trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by Iowa State University or the United States Department of Agriculture, and the use of the name by Iowa State University or the United States Department of Agriculture implies no approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU GENETICS SOC AM PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2160-1836 J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 1 IS 2 BP 117 EP 129 DI 10.1534/g3.111.000034 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 055HO UT WOS:000312406400004 PM 22384324 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Rajendran, C Ferreira, LR Martins, J Kwok, OCH Hill, DE Villena, I Zhou, H Su, C Jones, JL AF Dubey, J. P. Rajendran, C. Ferreira, L. R. Martins, J. Kwok, O. C. H. Hill, D. E. Villena, I. Zhou, H. Su, C. Jones, J. L. TI High prevalence and genotypes of Toxoplasma gondii isolated from goats, from a retail meat store, destined for human consumption in the USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Toxoplasma gondii; Goats; Retail meat; Capra hircus; Genotype; Bioassay; PCR-RFLP; USA ID UNITED-STATES; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; RISK-FACTORS; DIRECT AGGLUTINATION; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; ATYPICAL GENOTYPES; INFECTION; BRAZIL; DIVERSITY AB Little information is available concerning the presence of viable Toxoplasma gondii in tissues of goats worldwide. In the present study, hearts of 234 goats obtained from a local USA grocery store were examined for T. gondii infection. Blood clot or fluid removed from each heart was tested for antibodies to T. gondii by using the modified agglutination test (MAT). Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 125 (53.4%) of 234 goats, with titers of 1:5 in 20, 1:10 in 44, 1:20 in 16, 1:40 in five, 1:160 in five, 1:320 in five, and 1:640 or higher in 30 goats. Hearts of 112 goats (46 goats <1:5, and 66 goats 1:10 or higher) were used for isolation of viable T. gondii by bioassays in mice. For bioassays, 50 g of the myocardium were digested in an acid pepsin solution and the digest inoculated into mice; the recipient mice were examined for T. gondii infection. Toxoplasma gondii was isolated from 29 goats; from hearts of one of 46 with titers of <1:5, one of nine with titers of 1:10, one of three with titers of 1:40, and 26 of 40 with titers of 1:160 or higher. Two isolates were highly virulent to outbred Swiss Webster mice; all infected mice died of toxoplasmosis, irrespective of the dose. All T. gondii isolates were subsequently grown in cell cultures. Genotyping of the 29 T. gondii isolates using 10 PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism markers (SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, L358, PK1 and Apico) from DNA obtained from cell culture grown tachyzoites revealed 12 genotypes. Nine isolates were clonal Type II lineage, four isolates had type II alleles at all loci except a type I allele at the Apico locus, and four isolates were clonal Type Ill. The remaining 12 strains were divided into nine atypical genotypes, including five new and four previously identified genotypes. DNA sequences of four introns (EF1, HP2, UPRT1 and UPRT7) and two genes (GRA6 and GRA7) were generated for the five new genotypes. Comparing these sequences with previously published data revealed no unique sequences in these goat strains. Taken together, these results indicate high parasite prevalence and moderate genetic diversity of T. gondii in goats, which have important implications in public health. We believe this is the first genetic analysis of T. gondii isolates from goats in the USA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Rajendran, C.; Ferreira, L. R.; Martins, J.; Kwok, O. C. H.; Hill, D. E.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Villena, I.] Hosp Maison Blanche, Lab Parasitol Mycol, Natl Reference Ctr Toxoplasmosis, Biol Resources Ctr Toxoplasma, F-51092 Reims, France. [Zhou, H.] Shandong Univ, Sch Med, Dept Parasitol, Jinan 250012, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Su, C.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Jones, J. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov RI Su, Chunlei/M-1892-2013 OI Su, Chunlei/0000-0001-8392-7108 NR 54 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 41 IS 8 BP 827 EP 833 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2011.03.006 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 785NC UT WOS:000292234700003 PM 21515278 ER PT J AU Mercado-Curiel, RF Palmer, GH Guerrero, FD Brayton, KA AF Mercado-Curiel, Ricardo F. Palmer, Guy H. Guerrero, Felix D. Brayton, Kelly A. TI Temporal characterisation of the organ-specific Rhipicephalus microplus transcriptional response to Anaplasma marginale infection SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tick-borne disease; Ixodid; Rickettsial; Gene expression; Microarray ID BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS; SALIVARY-GLANDS; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; CATTLE-TICK; DERMACENTOR-ANDERSONI; BABESIA-BOVIS; TRANSMISSION; GENE; EXPRESSION; IXODIDAE AB Arthropods transmit important infectious diseases of humans and animals. Importantly, replication and the development of pathogen infectivity are tightly linked to vector feeding on the mammalian host; thus analysis of the transcriptomes of both vector and pathogen during feeding is fundamental to understanding transmission. Using Anaplasma marginale infection of Rhipicephalus microplus as the experimental model, we tested three hypotheses exploring the temporal and organ-specific nature of the tick midgut and salivary gland transcriptomes during feeding and in response to infection. Numerous R. microplus genes were regulated in response to feeding and were differentially regulated between the midgut and salivary gland; additionally, there was a progression in regulated gene expression in the salivary gland over time. In contrast, relatively few tick genes were specifically regulated in response to A. marginale infection and these genes were predominantly annotated as hypothetical or were of unknown function. Notable among the genes with informative annotation was that several ribosomal proteins were down-regulated, suggesting that there may be a corresponding decrease in translation. The hypotheses that R. microplus midgut and salivary gland genes are differentially regulated and that the salivary gland transcriptome is dynamic over time were accepted. This is consistent with, and important for understanding the roles of, the two organs, the midgut serving as an initial site of uptake and replication while the salivary gland serves as the final site of replication and secretion. The nominal effect of A. marginale on the tick transcriptome in terms of numbers of regulated genes and fold of regulation supports the view that the vector-pathogen relationship is well established with minimal deleterious effect on the tick. The small set of predominantly hypothetical genes regulated by infection suggests that A. marginale is affecting a novel set of tick genes and may provide new opportunities for blocking transmission from the tick. (C) 2011 Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mercado-Curiel, Ricardo F.; Palmer, Guy H.; Brayton, Kelly A.] Washington State Univ, Program Vector Borne Dis, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Mercado-Curiel, Ricardo F.; Palmer, Guy H.; Brayton, Kelly A.] Washington State Univ, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Guerrero, Felix D.] ARS, USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. RP Brayton, KA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Program Vector Borne Dis, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM kbrayton@vetmed.wsu.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [ARS 5348-32000-027-00D/-01S, CSREES 35604-15440]; Wellcome Trust [GR075800M] FX The authors thank Maria Leticia Avila-Ramirez and Matt Settles for statistical assistance, Erica Rosenblum for guidance with microarrays and Xiaoya Cheng, Ralph Horn, James Allison and Melissa Flatt for technical assistance. Funding was provided by U.S. Department of Agriculture grants ARS 5348-32000-027-00D/-01S and CSREES 35604-15440 and Wellcome Trust grant GR075800M. NR 36 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 41 IS 8 BP 851 EP 860 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2011.03.003 PG 10 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 785NC UT WOS:000292234700006 PM 21514300 ER PT J AU Oliver, WT AF Oliver, W. T. TI TRIENNIAL GROWTH SYMPOSIUM: Dietary regulation of growth and development SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Oliver, WT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM William.Oliver@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 89 IS 7 BP 1955 EP 1956 DI 10.2527/jas.2011-3917 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 780KA UT WOS:000291853500001 PM 21317342 ER PT J AU Suryawan, A Orellana, RA Fiorotto, ML Davis, TA AF Suryawan, A. Orellana, R. A. Fiorotto, M. L. Davis, T. A. TI TRIENNIAL GROWTH SYMPOSIUM: Leucine acts as a nutrient signal to stimulate protein synthesis in neonatal pigs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE amino acid; leucine; muscle; newborn; pig; translation initiation ID AMINO-ACID AVAILABILITY; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MAMMALIAN TARGET; TRANSLATION INITIATION; C2C12 MYOBLASTS; SUCKLING RATS; INSULIN; MTOR; TURNOVER; ACTIVATION AB The postprandial increases in AA and insulin independently stimulate protein synthesis in skeletal muscle of piglets. Leucine is an important mediator of the response to AA. We have shown that the postprandial increase in leucine, but not isoleucine or valine, acutely stimulates muscle protein synthesis in piglets. Leucine increases muscle protein synthesis by modulating the activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 1 and signaling components of translation initiation. Leucine increases the phosphorylation of mTOR, 70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase-1, eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF) 4E-binding protein-1, and eIF4G; decreases eIF2 alpha phosphorylation; and increases the association of eIF4E with eIF4G. However, leucine does not affect the upstream activators of mTOR, that is, protein kinase B, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, and tuberous sclerosis complex 1/2, or the activation of translation elongation regulator, eukaryotic elongation factor 2. The action of leucine can be replicated by a-ketoisocaproate but not by norleucine. Interference by rapamycin with the raptor-mTOR interaction blocks leucine-induced muscle protein synthesis. The acute leucine-induced stimulation of muscle protein synthesis is not maintained for prolonged periods, despite continued activation of mTOR signaling, because circulating AA fall as they are utilized for protein synthesis. However, when circulating AA concentrations are maintained, the leucine-induced stimulation of muscle protein synthesis is maintained for prolonged periods. Thus, leucine acts as a nutrient signal to stimulate translation initiation, but whether this translates into a prolonged increase in protein synthesis depends on the sustained availability of all AA. C1 [Suryawan, A.; Orellana, R. A.; Fiorotto, M. L.; Davis, T. A.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Davis, TA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM tdavis@bcm.tmc.edu FU European Federation of Animal Science (EAAP, Rome, Italy); Pfizer Animal Health (Kalamazoo, MI); Elanco Animal Health (Greenfield, IN); Journal of Animal Science; American Society of Animal Science; NIH [R01 AR-44474]; USDA/ARS [58-6250-6-001]; Ajinomoto Amino Acid Research Program FX Based on a presentation at the Triennial Growth Symposium titled "Dietary Regulation of Growth and Development," a symposium preceding the Joint Annual Meeting, July 11, 2010, Denver, Colorado, sponsored by the European Federation of Animal Science (EAAP, Rome, Italy), Pfizer Animal Health (Kalamazoo, MI), and Elanco Animal Health (Greenfield, IN) with publication sponsored, in part, by the Journal of Animal Science and the American Society of Animal Science.; This project was funded, in part, by the NIH R01 AR-44474, USDA/ARS Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6250-6-001, and the Ajinomoto Amino Acid Research Program. This work is a publication of the USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does the mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US government. NR 68 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 8 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 89 IS 7 BP 2004 EP 2016 DI 10.2527/jas.2010-3400 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 780KA UT WOS:000291853500006 PM 20935141 ER PT J AU Geary, TW Wells, KJ deAvila, DM deAvila, J Conforti, VA McLean, DJ Roberts, AJ Waterman, RW Reeves, JJ AF Geary, T. W. Wells, K. J. deAvila, D. M. deAvila, J. Conforti, V. A. McLean, D. J. Roberts, A. J. Waterman, R. W. Reeves, J. J. TI Effects of immunization against luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone and treatment with trenbolone acetate on reproductive function of beef bulls and steers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE androgen; bull; cattle; gonadotropin; gonadotropin-releasing hormone immunosterilization; luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ID MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; OVARIECTOMIZED EWES; FUSION PROTEINS; TESTIS FUNCTION; LH-SECRETION; GONADOTROPIN; TESTOSTERONE; ESTRADIOL; HEIFERS; BOVINE AB The objectives of this study were 1) to evaluate the ability of trenbolone acetate (TBA) administered in tandem with LHRH immunization to suppress reproductive function in bulls and 2) to examine the effects of LHRH and androgen (TBA) signaling on pituitary gland function. Forty-four Angus x Hereford crossbred calves (BW = 225 +/- 2 kg; age = 187 +/- 6 d) received castration, LHRH immunization, or TBA administration in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial design. Treatment groups receiving LHRH immunization contained 6 animals, whereas other treatment groups contained 5 animals. Animals immunized against LHRH received a primary injection and 2 booster injections of ovalbumin-LHRH-7 fusion protein on d 0, 42, and 196, respectively. Animals treated with TBA were implanted on d 224. Serum LHRH antibodies increased (P < 0.05) after each booster for immunized animals, but were negligible in nonimmunized animals throughout the experiment. Serum testosterone concentration (P < 0.001) and scrotal circumference (P < 0.05) were depressed in LHRH-immunized bulls compared with nonimmunized bulls by d 84 and 168 of the experiment, respectively. Treatment with TBA tended (P = 0.08) to decrease serum testosterone concentrations of nonimmunized bulls. Weights of testes at slaughter were decreased (P < 0.001) for LHRH-immunized (232 +/- 41 g) compared with nonimmunized (752 +/- 45 g) bulls, but did not differ (P = 0.80) between TBA-implanted (500 +/- 49 g) and nonimplanted bulls (484 +/- 36 g). Both LHRH immunization and castration decreased pituitary gland stores of LH and FSH (P < 0. 001). There was no effect (P > 0.10) of TBA on pituitary gland FSH content and only a tendency (P = 0.09) to increase pituitary gland LH content. Immunization against LHRH decreased expression of LH beta-subunit and common alpha-subunit genes (P < 0.001). Castration increased expression of LH beta-subunit and common alpha-subunit genes (P = 0.02). Treatment with TBA further suppressed (P = 0.04) alpha-subunit mRNA expression in LHRH-immunized steers. In summary, LHRH immunization decreased synthesis and storage of LH and decreased storage, but not synthesis of FSH in bulls. The increased synthesis of LH and FSH in nonimmunized, but not LHRH-immunized steers suggests that castration removes the negative feedback on gonadotropin synthesis but that LHRH is still needed for release of these hormones. Androgen replacement with TBA did not restore the negative feedback control of gonadotropin synthesis. C1 [Geary, T. W.; Roberts, A. J.; Waterman, R. W.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Wells, K. J.; deAvila, D. M.; deAvila, J.; Conforti, V. A.; McLean, D. J.; Reeves, J. J.] Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Geary, TW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM Tom.Geary@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 89 IS 7 BP 2086 EP 2095 DI 10.2527/jas.2010-3565 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 780KA UT WOS:000291853500014 PM 21383041 ER PT J AU Riley, DG Arthington, JD Chase, CC Coleman, SW Griffin, JL Rae, DO Mader, TL Olson, TA AF Riley, D. G. Arthington, J. D. Chase, C. C., Jr. Coleman, S. W. Griffin, J. L. Rae, D. O. Mader, T. L. Olson, T. A. TI Evaluation of 2 sources of Angus cattle under South Florida subtropical conditions SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE adaptability; age at first conception; Angus; beef cattle ID X ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION; HEREFORD CATTLE; BEEF-CATTLE; FEEDLOT CATTLE; WEANING TRAITS; GENOTYPE; HEIFERS; AGE; REPRODUCTION; HETEROSIS AB The objective of this study was to compare performance and aspects of adaptability attributes of cattle from a Florida Angus bloodline (local source from a mostly closed herd for over 50 yr) to cattle that are representative of modern Angus bloodlines (outside source) in US subtropical conditions. Embryos from both sources were transferred to Brahman-crossbred cows in South Florida, and calves (n = 82) were born in 3 yr. Before weaning, summer tympanic temperatures were recorded hourly for 3 d in each year. Heifers were placed with fertile bulls until diagnosed pregnant. Traits relative to sexual maturation of bulls were recorded at 1- or 2-mo intervals until approximately 17 mo of age. Calves from outside sources had greater hip height at weaning than calves from the local source (P < 0.001; 108.8 perpendicular to 0.62 and 104.7 perpendicular to 0.68 cm, respectively). Local-source calves (n = 37) had greater (P = 0.03) exit velocity (2.7 perpendicular to 0.3 m/s) than outside-source (n = 45) calves (2.0 perpendicular to 0.29 m/s), which may be indicative of more nervous or temperamental disposition. However, no source differences were detected for other assessments of disposition (chute or pen score, P > 0.8). Few source differences for minimum, maximum, or range of daily tympanic (inner ear) temperatures were detected. At 17 mo of age, outside-source heifers were heavier (P = 0.05) and had greater (P < 0.001) hip height than Angus heifers from the local source. Heifers from the outside source were younger (P < 0.001) at the time of their first conception (454 +/- 17.5 d) than heifers from the local source (550 +/- 16.9 d). Outside-source heifers also had greater (P < 0.02) pregnancy and calving rates (0.7 +/- 0.119 and 0.62 +/- 0.125, respectively) from exposure to bulls within a year from weaning than the heifers from the local source (0.29 +/- 0.089 and 0.19 +/- 0.077, respectively). Bulls from the outside source were heavier (P = 0.05) at 320 d of age than local-source bulls. From 14 through 17 mo of age, outside-source bulls had greater (P = 0.05) scrotal circumference and tended (P = 0.15) to be heavier than local-source bulls. There appeared to be no performance or adaptation advantages for the local-source Angus through 17 mo of age. The large source difference for age at first conception in heifers merits additional attention and comparison with cow lifetime production performance for the 2 sources. C1 [Riley, D. G.; Chase, C. C., Jr.; Coleman, S. W.] ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, USDA, Brooksville, FL 34601 USA. [Arthington, J. D.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Range Cattle Res & Educ Ctr, Ona, FL 33865 USA. [Griffin, J. L.] Reprod Technol Int, Plant City, FL 33566 USA. [Rae, D. O.] Univ Florida, Dept Large Anim Clin Sci, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Mader, T. L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Anim Sci, Concord, NE 68728 USA. [Olson, T. A.] Univ Florida, Dept Anim Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Riley, DG (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Kleberg Ctr 432, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM d-riley8@tamu.edu NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PLACE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 89 IS 7 BP 2265 EP 2272 DI 10.2527/jas.2010-3579 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 780KA UT WOS:000291853500033 PM 21317345 ER PT J AU Cuda, JP Coon, BR Dao, YM Center, TD AF Cuda, J. P. Coon, B. R. Dao, Y. M. Center, T. D. TI Effect of an herbivorous stem-mining midge on the growth of hydrilla SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE biological control; Cricotopus lebetis Sublette; efficacy; herbivory; Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle AB Hydrilla (Hydra la verticillata [L.f.] Royle: Hydrocharitaceae) is one of the worst invasive aquatic weeds in the United States, with millions of dollars spent annually to control large infestations in all types of water bodies. A major factor contributing to its invasiveness is a pattern of growth that produces characteristic thick surface mats. These dense, thick weed beds impact native plant and animal communities, navigation, flood control, and water quality An adventive tipmining midge, Cricotopus lebetis Sublette (Diptera: Chironomidae), was discovered attacking hydrilla in Florida's Crystal River watershed. Larvae of C. lebetis mine the apical meristems, severely injuring or killing the growing tips. Larval feeding damage changed the plant's architecture by preventing stems from reaching the water surface, and a positive correlation between larval density and frequency of meristem damage was observed. Approximately 200 larvae/m(2), or the equivalent of 1.5 egg masses, damaged about 50% of hydrila's apical meristems. In the laboratory, 99% of the standing biomass of hydrilla was reduced by larval feeding activity. This type of damage is desirable for hydrilla management because it could eliminate most of the environmental and navigational problems caused by the dense surface mats. C1 [Cuda, J. P.; Coon, B. R.; Dao, Y. M.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Center, T. D.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Cuda, JP (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, POB 110620, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jcuda@ufl.edu FU USDA/ARS-University of Florida/IFAS [58-66299-7-010] FX Special thanks are extended to Gary Buckingham for his encouragement and guidance during the early stages of the project. We also are grateful to Kathy Kraft, Judy Gillmore, Rob Lowen, and Jennifer Possley for their technical assistance, and William Overholt and Robert Copeland for reviewing an earlier draft of the manuscript. This research was supported by USDA/ARS-University of Florida/IFAS Cooperative Agreement No. 58-66299-7-010. NR 43 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 10 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI VICKSBURG PA PO BOX 821265, VICKSBURG, MS 39182 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 49 BP 83 EP U107 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA V33UK UT WOS:000209043500004 ER PT J AU Everitt, JH Yang, CH Summy, KR Glomski, LM Owens, CS AF Everitt, James H. Yang, Chenghai Summy, Kenneth R. Glomski, Leeann M. Owens, Chetta S. TI Evaluation of hyperspectral reflectance data for discriminating six aquatic weeds SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE aquatic weeds; Hydrilla verticillata; hyperspectral reflectance; multiple comparison range test; Myriophyllum aquaticum; Myriophyllum sibiricum; Myriophyllum spicatum; Myriophyllum spicatum x Myriophyllum sibiricum; Potamogeton crispus; spectral signature; stepwise discriminant analysis AB In situ hyperspectral reflectance data were studied at 50 wavebands (10 nm bandwidth) in the 400 to 900 nm spectral range to determine their potential for discriminating among 6 aquatic weed species: curly-leaf pondweed (Potamogeton crispus L.), hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata [L.F.] Royle), Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.), northern milfoil (Myriophyllum sibiricum Kom.), hybrid milfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum * Myriophyllum sibiricum), and parrotfeather (Myriophyllum aquaticum [J.M. da Conceicao] Vellozo). The species were studied on 3 dates: May 11, May 30, and July 1, 2009. All 6 species were studied on the 2 May dates, while only 4 species (hydrilla, Eurasian watermilfoil, hybrid milfoil, and parrotfeather) were studied on the July date. To determine the optimum bands for discriminating among the species, 2 procedures were used: multiple comparison range test and step-wise discriminant analysis. Multiple comparison range test results for both May dates showed that most separations among species occurred at bands in the green-red edge, red, and red near-infrared (NIR) edge spectral regions. For the July date, the largest number of separations among species occurred at all green and most red bands, as well as some red-NIR edge and NIR bands. Using stepwise discriminant analysis, 9 bands for May 11 and 10 bands for May 30 in the blue to NIR spectral regions had the highest power of discrimination among the 6 species. For the July date, 7 bands in the red-NIR edge and NIR regions were useful for discriminating among the 4 species. C1 [Everitt, James H.; Yang, Chenghai] USDA ARS, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Summy, Kenneth R.] Univ Texas Pan Amer, Dept Biol, Edinburg, TX 78539 USA. [Glomski, Leeann M.; Owens, Chetta S.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. RP Everitt, JH (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM james.everitt@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI VICKSBURG PA PO BOX 821265, VICKSBURG, MS 39182 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 49 BP 94 EP U119 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA V33UK UT WOS:000209043500006 ER PT J AU Spencer, DF Ksander, GG Tan, W Liow, PS Whitehand, LC AF Spencer, D. F. Ksander, G. G. Tan, W. Liow, P. -S. Whitehand, L. C. TI Influence of application timing on the impact of glyphosate on giant reed (Arundo donax L.) SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE herbicide application timing; SPAD AB Experiments were conducted near Davis and Fresno, California, to determine the impact of glyphosate timing on giant reed control. At Davis, giant reed (Arundo donax L.) in pots received an application of 1.5% glyphosate solution in September 2006, October 2006, November 2006, April 2007, June 2007, or August 2007. Leaf greenness, number of living and dead stems, and number of newly emerging stems were measured monthly until September 2008. By 1 year after treatment none of the treated container-grown plants at Davis had living stems, regardless of treatment month. For naturally growing giant reed near Fresno, leaf greenness values decline following treatment but recovered in the spring following treatment. Plants treated in September and October had the lowest proportion of living stems m(-2) one year after treatment. The lowest number of new stems produced for the Fresno study was observed for plants treated in September and October. The combination of greater stem kill and reduced production of new stems indicates that a fall treatment with 1.5% glyphosate resulted in greater kill of giant reed. Differences between the field- and container-grown plants were likely due to smaller plants in the containers, which may be less able to recover from damage due to the reduced rhizome mass. C1 [Spencer, D. F.; Ksander, G. G.; Liow, P. -S.] ARS, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tan, W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Whitehand, L. C.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Spencer, DF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. FU CALFED FX We appreciate the comments of T Lanini, C. Owens, J. Trulmbo, and two anonymous reviewers who read an earlier version of the manuscript. This research was supported in part by CALFED. Mention of a manufacturer does not constitute a warranty or guarantee of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture nor an endorsement over other products not mentioned. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI VICKSBURG PA PO BOX 821265, VICKSBURG, MS 39182 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 49 BP 106 EP 110 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA V33UK UT WOS:000209043500008 ER PT J AU Todd, RW Cole, NA Rhoades, MB Parker, DB Casey, KD AF Todd, Richard W. Cole, N. Andy Rhoades, Marty B. Parker, David B. Casey, Kenneth D. TI Daily, Monthly, Seasonal, and Annual Ammonia Emissions from Southern High Plains Cattle Feedyards SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID INVERSE-DISPERSION TECHNIQUE; CRUDE PROTEIN; FEEDLOT; NITROGEN; PERFORMANCE; BALANCE AB Ammonia emitted from beef cattle feedyards adds excess reactive N to the environment, contributes to degraded air quality as a precursor to secondary particulate matter, and represents a significant loss of N from beef cattle feedyards. We used open path laser spectroscopy and an inverse dispersion model to quantify daily, monthly, seasonal, and annual NH(3) emissions during 2 yr from two commercial cattle feedyards in the Panhandle High Plains of Texas. Annual patterns of NH(3) fluxes correlated with air temperature, with the greatest fluxes (>100 kg ha(-1) d(-1)) during the summer and the lowest fluxes (<15 kg ha(-1) d(-1)) during the winter. Mean monthly per capita emission rate (PCER) of NH(3)-N at one feedyard ranged from 31 g NH(3)-N head(-1) d(-1) (January) to 207 g NH(3)-N head(-1) d(-1) (October), when increased dietary crude protein from wet distillers grains elevated emissions. Ammonia N emissions at the other feedyard ranged from 36 g NH(3)-N head(-1) d(-1) (January) to 121 g NH(3)-N head(-1) d(-1) (September). Monthly fractional NH(3)-N loss ranged from a low of 19 to 24% to a high of 80 to 85% of fed N at the two feedyards. Seasonal PCER at the two feedyards averaged 60 to 71 g NH(3)-N head(-1) d(-1) during winter and 103 to 158 g NH(3)-N head(-1) d(-1) during summer. Annually, PCER was 115 and 80 g NH(3)-N head(-1) d(-1) at the two feedyards, which represented 59 and 52% of N fed to the cattle. Detailed studies are needed to determine the effect of management and environmental variables such as diet, temperature, precipitation, and manure water content on NH(3) emissions. C1 [Todd, Richard W.; Cole, N. Andy] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Rhoades, Marty B.] W Texas A&M Univ, Dep Agr Sci, Canyon, TX 79016 USA. [Parker, David B.] USDA ARS, Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Casey, Kenneth D.] Texas AgriLife Res, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. RP Todd, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM richard.todd@ars.usda.gov RI Casey, Kenneth/F-4409-2010 OI Casey, Kenneth/0000-0003-0819-8376 NR 18 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 40 IS 4 BP 1090 EP 1095 DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0307 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 783LM UT WOS:000292084100005 PM 21712577 ER PT J AU Venterea, RT Hyatt, CR Rosen, CJ AF Venterea, Rodney T. Hyatt, Charles R. Rosen, Carl J. TI Fertilizer Management Effects on Nitrate Leaching and Indirect Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Irrigated Potato Production SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID GREENHOUSE-GAS FLUXES; POLYMER-COATED UREA; N2O EMISSIONS; SOIL; RELEASE; GROUNDWATER; IMPACTS; WATER; SAND; CROP AB Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a N-intensive crop, with high potential for nitrate (NO3-) leaching, which can contribute to both water contamination and indirect nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Two approaches that have been considered for reducing N losses include conventional split application (CSA) of soluble fertilizers and single application of polymer-coated urea (PCU). The objectives of this study were to: (i) compare NO3- leaching using CSA and two PCUs (PCU-1 and PCU-2), which differed in their polymer formulations, and (ii) use measured NO3- leaching rates and published emissions factors to estimate indirect N2O emissions. Averaged over three growing seasons (2007-2009), NO3- leaching rates were not significantly different among the three fertilizer treatments. Using previously reported direct N2O emissions data from the same experiment, total direct plus indirect growing season N2O emissions with PCU-1 were estimated to be 30 to 40% less than with CSA. However, PCU-1 also resulted in greater residual soil N after harvest in 2007 and greater soil-water NO3- in the spring following the 2008 growing season. These results provide evidence that single PCU applications for irrigated potato production do not increase growing season NO3- leaching compared with multiple split applications of soluble fertilizers, but have the potential to increase N losses after the growing season and into the following year. Estimates of indirect N2O emissions ranged from 0.8 to 64% of direct emissions, depending on what value was assumed for the emission factor describing off-site conversion of NO3- to N2O. Thus, our results also demonstrate how more robust models are needed to account for off-site conversion of NO3- to N2O, since current emission factor models have an enormous degree of uncertainty. C1 [Venterea, Rodney T.] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Venterea, Rodney T.; Hyatt, Charles R.; Rosen, Carl J.] Univ Minnesota, Dep Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Venterea, RT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, 1991 Upper Buford Cir, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM venterea@umn.edu RI Venterea, Rodney/A-3930-2009; Rosen, Carl/L-2622-2013 OI Rosen, Carl/0000-0002-0098-2230 FU USDA CSREES/NIFA [2009-55112-05216]; International Plant Nutrition Institute's Foundation for Agronomic Research; ARS of USDA; Shandong Kingenta Ecological Engineering Co. Ltd. FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of M. Dolan, A. Dwinnel, L. Endo, S. Ewert, R. Faber, J. Leonard, M. McNearney, B. Maharjan, K. Petersen, W. Shanley, and L. Watson. This work was supported by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2009-55112-05216 from the USDA CSREES/NIFA Air Quality Program, International Plant Nutrition Institute's Foundation for Agronomic Research, ARS of USDA as part of the GRACEnet Project, and Shandong Kingenta Ecological Engineering Co. Ltd. NR 39 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 7 U2 44 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 40 IS 4 BP 1103 EP 1112 DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0540 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 783LM UT WOS:000292084100007 PM 21712579 ER PT J AU Lin, CH Lerch, RN Kremer, RJ Garrett, HE AF Lin, Chung-Ho Lerch, Robert N. Kremer, Robert J. Garrett, Harold E. TI Stimulated Rhizodegradation of Atrazine by Selected Plant Species SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SOIL ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; FILTER STRIPS; DEGRADATION; RUNOFF; QUALITY; SYSTEM; METABOLITES; MANAGEMENT; GRASSES; HYDROXYATRAZINE AB The efficacy of vegetative buff er strips (VBS) in removing herbicides deposited from surface runoff is related to the ability of plant species to promote rapid herbicide degradation. A growth chamber study was conducted to compare (14)C-atrazine (ATR) degradation profiles in soil rhizospheres from different forage grasses and correlate ATR degradation rates and profiles with microbial activity using three soil enzymes. The plant treatments included: (i) orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), (ii) smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), (iii) tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), (iv) Illinois bundle flower (Desmanthus illinoensis), (v) perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), (vi) switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), and (vii) eastern gamagrass (Tripsacum dactyloides). Soil without plants was used as the control. The results suggested that all plant species significantly enhanced ATR degradation by 84 to 260% compared with the control, but eastern gamagrass showed the highest capability for promoting biodegradation of ATR in the rhizosphere. More than 90% of ATR was degraded in the eastern gamagrass rhizosphere compared with 24% in the control. Dealkylation of atrazine strongly correlated with increased enzymatic activities of beta-glucosidase (GLU) (r = 0.96), dehydrogenase (DHG) (r = 0.842), and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis (r = 0.702). The incorporation of forage species, particularly eastern gamagrass, into VBS designs will significantly promote the degradation of ATR transported into the VBS by surface runoff. Microbial parameters widely used for assessment of soil quality, e.g., DHG and GLU activities, are promising tools for evaluating the overall degradation potential of various vegetative buff er designs for ATR remediation. C1 [Lin, Chung-Ho; Garrett, Harold E.] Univ Missouri, Ctr Agroforestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Lerch, Robert N.; Kremer, Robert J.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Lin, CH (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Ctr Agroforestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Linchu@missouri.edu FU University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry [58-6227-5-029]; USDA-ARS FX This work was funded through the University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry under cooperative agreement 58-6227-5-029 with the USDA-ARS. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of USDA or the University of Missouri. Mention of specific companies, products, or trade names is made only to provide information to the reader and does not constitute endorsement by USDA-ARS. NR 55 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 40 IS 4 BP 1113 EP 1121 DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0440 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 783LM UT WOS:000292084100008 PM 21712580 ER PT J AU Qin, RJ Gao, SD Ajwa, H Sullivan, D Wang, D Hanson, BD AF Qin, Ruijun Gao, Suduan Ajwa, Husein Sullivan, David Wang, Dong Hanson, Bradley D. TI Field Evaluation of a New Plastic Film (Vapor Safe) to Reduce Fumigant Emissions and Improve Distribution in Soil SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID METHYL-BROMIDE EMISSION; FLORIDA SANDY SOIL; ORGANIC-MATTER; 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE; CHLOROPICRIN; DRIP; VOLATILIZATION; MOISTURE AB Preplant soil fumigation is an important pest management practice in coastal California strawberry production regions. Potential atmospheric emissions of fumigants from field treatment, however, have drawn intensive environmental and human health concerns; increasingly stringent regulations on fumigant use have spurred research on low-emission application techniques. The objectives of this research were to determine the effects of a new low-permeability film, commonly known as totally impermeable film (TIF), on fumigant emissions and on fumigant distribution in soil. A 50/50 mixture of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) was shank-applied at 314 kg ha(-1) in two location-separate field plots (0.4 ha each) in Ventura County, California, in fall 2009. One plot was surface-covered with standard polyethylene (PE) film, and the other was covered with TIF immediately after fumigant application. Data collection included emissions, soil-gas phase concentration profile, air concentration under the film, and soil residuals of the applied fumigants. Peak emission flux of 1,3-D and CP from the TIF field was substantially lower than from the PE field. Total through-film emission loss was 2% for 1,3-D and <1% for CP from the TIF field during a 6-d film covering period, compared with 43% for 1,3-D and 12% for CP from the PE field. However, on film-cutting, greater retention of 1,3-D in the TIF field resulted in a much higher emission surge compared with the PE field, while CP emissions were fairly low in both fields. Higher concentrations and a more uniform distribution in the soil profile for 1,3-D and CP were observed under the TIF compared with the PE film, suggesting that the TIF may allow growers to achieve satisfactory pest control with lower fumigant rates. The surging 1,3-D emissions after film-cutting could result in high exposure risks to workers and bystanders and must be addressed with additional mitigation measures. C1 [Qin, Ruijun; Gao, Suduan; Wang, Dong] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Qin, Ruijun; Ajwa, Husein] Univ Calif Davis, Dep Plant Sci, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Sullivan, David] Sullivan Environm Consulting Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Hanson, Bradley D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dep Plant Sci, Davis, CA 93616 USA. RP Qin, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM ruijun.qin@ars.usda.gov RI Qin, Ruijun/F-3469-2011 FU California Strawberry Commission FX Funding support for this research was received from California Strawberry Commission. TriCal Inc. (Hollister, CA) provided fumigants and fumigation services. The authors thank Robert Shenk, Allie Kenyon, Tom Pflaum, Jim Gartung, and Stella Zambrzuski in USDA-ARS, Parlier, CA, for providing support in field monitoring, sample collection, and chemical analysis. NR 29 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 40 IS 4 BP 1195 EP 1203 DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0443 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 783LM UT WOS:000292084100017 PM 21712589 ER PT J AU Chellemi, DO Ajwa, HA Sullivan, DA Alessandro, R Gilreath, JP Yates, SR AF Chellemi, Dan O. Ajwa, Husein A. Sullivan, David A. Alessandro, Rocco Gilreath, James P. Yates, Scott R. TI Soil Fate of Agricultural Fumigants in Raised-Bed, Plasticulture Systems in the Southeastern United States SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID METHYL ISOTHIOCYANATE; ORGANIC-MATTER; DEGRADATION; 1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE; CHLOROPICRIN; VOLATILIZATION; PERMEABILITY; TEMPERATURE; APPARATUS; EMISSION AB Soil concentrations and degradation rates of methyl isothiocyanate (MITC), chloropicrin (CP), 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3D), and dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) were determined under fumigant application scenarios representative of commercial raised bed, plastic mulched vegetable production systems. Five days after application, 1,3-D, MITC, and CP were detected at concentrations up to 3.52, 0.72, and 2.45 mu g cm(-3), respectively, in the soil atmosphere when applications were made in uniformly compacted soils with a water content >200% of field capacity and covered by a virtually impermeable or metalized film. By contrast, DMDS, MITC, and CP concentrations in the soil atmosphere were 0.81, 0.02, and 0.05 mu g cm(-3), respectively, 5 d after application in soil containing undecomposed plant residue, numerous large (>3 mm) clods, and water content below field capacity and covered by low-density polyethylene. Ranked in order of impact on the persistence of fumigants in soil were soil water content (moisture), soil tilth (the physical condition of soil as related to its fitness as a planting bed), the type of plastic film used to cover fumigated beds, and soil texture. Fumigants were readily detected 13 d after application when applied in uniformly compacted soils with water contents >200% of capacity and covered by a virtually impermeable or metalized film. By contrast, 1,3-D and MITC had dissipated 5 d after application in soils with numerous large (>3 mm) clods and water contents below field capacity that were covered by low-density polyethylene. Soil degradation of CP, DMDS, and MITC were primarily attributed to biological mechanisms, whereas degradation of 1,3-D was attributed principally to abiotic factors. This study demonstrates improved soil retention of agricultural fumigants in application scenarios representative of good agricultural practices. C1 [Chellemi, Dan O.; Alessandro, Rocco] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Ajwa, Husein A.] Univ Calif, Dep Vegetable Crops, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Sullivan, David A.] Sullivan Environm Consulting Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. [Gilreath, James P.] PhytoServices, Greenville, SC 29609 USA. [Yates, Scott R.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Chellemi, DO (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM dan.chellemi@ars.usda.gov OI Alessandro, Rocco/0000-0001-7983-0557 FU USDA, ARS; USEPA Office of Pesticide Programs; Florida Specialty Crop Foundation FX We thank Stanley Culpepper, Paul Sumner, Nick Rotindo, Randy Driggers, Mike Bobb, Taylor Ivy, and Jerry Johnson for technical support; Wes Roan, Larry Moss, and Six L's Packing Co. for logistical support; and Hendrix and Dail and John Mirusso for fumigant application support. This study was supported with funds from the USDA, ARS Area-Wide Pest Management Project, the USEPA Office of Pesticide Programs and the Florida Specialty Crop Foundation. Mention of a trademark, warranty, proprietary product or vendor does not constitute a guarantee by the US Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. NR 41 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 40 IS 4 BP 1204 EP 1214 DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0494 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 783LM UT WOS:000292084100018 PM 21712590 ER PT J AU Agrawal, SG King, KW Moore, JF Levison, P McDonald, J AF Agrawal, Sheela G. King, Kevin W. Moore, James F. Levison, Phil McDonald, Jon TI Use of Industrial Byproducts to Filter Phosphorus and Pesticides in Golf Green Drainage Water SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID BLAST-FURNACE SLAG; TILE DRAINAGE; SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; SURFACE RUNOFF; PHOSPHATE; REMOVAL; TRANSPORT; ADSORPTION; FERTILIZER AB Golf courses are vulnerable to phosphate (PO(4)(3-)) and pesticide loss by infiltration of the sandy, porous grass rooting media used and through subsurface tile drainage. In this study, an effort was made to remove PO(4)(3-), chlorothalonil, mefenoxam, and propiconazole in a golf green's drainage water with a filter blend comprised of industrial byproducts, including granulated blast furnace slag, cement kiln dust, silica sand, coconut shell-activated carbon, and zeolite. To test this filter media, two 6-h storm events were simulated by repeat irrigation of the golf green after PO(4)(3-) and pesticide application. Drainage flows ranged from 0.0034 to 0.6433 L s(-1) throughout the course of the simulations. A significant decrease in the chlorothalonil load for the experimental run (with filter media) was observed compared with the control (without filter media) (p < 0.05). In general, percent reductions in chlorothalonil were very high (>80%) near peak flows. In contrast, filter media was not effective in removing PO(4)(3-), mefenoxam, or propiconazole (p > 0.05). Instead, it appears that the filter blend added PO(4)(3-) to the effluent above flow rates of 0.037 L s(-1). Overall, flow rate, the amount of filter media used, and contaminant properties may have influenced the filter media's ability to remove contaminants. More research is needed to determine the optimal blend and configuration for the filter media to remove significant amounts of all contaminants investigated. C1 [Agrawal, Sheela G.; King, Kevin W.; Levison, Phil] USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Moore, James F.] US Golf Assoc, Mcgregor, TX 76657 USA. [McDonald, Jon] Kristar Enterprises Inc, Santa Rosa, CA 95407 USA. RP Agrawal, SG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, 590 Woody Hayes Dr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM sheela.agrawal@ars.usda.gov NR 61 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 23 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 40 IS 4 BP 1273 EP 1280 DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0390 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 783LM UT WOS:000292084100025 PM 21712597 ER PT J AU Shipitalo, MJ Owens, LB AF Shipitalo, Martin J. Owens, Lloyd B. TI Comparative Losses of Glyphosate and Selected Residual Herbicides in Surface Runoff from Conservation-tilled Watersheds Planted with Corn or Soybean SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT CROPS; TILLAGE; SOIL; ATRAZINE; IMPACT; MIDWESTERN; SYSTEM; PESTICIDES; TRANSPORT; RAINFALL AB Residual herbicides regularly used in conjunction with conservation tillage to produce corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] are often detected in surface water at concentrations that exceed their U. S. maximum contaminant levels (MCL) and ecological standards. These risks might be reduced by planting glyphosate-tolerant varieties of these crops and totally or partially replacing the residual herbicides alachlor, atrazine, linuron, and metribuzin with glyphosate, a contact herbicide that has a short half-life and is strongly sorbed to soil. Therefore, we applied both herbicide types at typical rates and times to two chisel-plowed and two no-till watersheds in a 2-yr corn/soybean rotation and at half rates to three disked watersheds in a 3-yr corn/soybean/wheat-red clover (Triticum aestivum L.Trifolium pratense L.) rotation and monitored herbicide losses in surface runoff for three crop years. Average dissolved glyphosate loss for all tillage practices, as a percentage of the amount applied, was significantly less (P <= 0.05) than the losses of atrazine (21.4x), alachlor (3.5x), and linuron (8.7x) in corn-crop years. Annual, flow-weighted, concentration of atrazine was as high as 41.3 mu g L(-1), much greater than its 3 mu g L(-1) MCL. Likewise, annual, flow-weighted alachlor concentration (MCL = 2 mu g L(-1)) was as high as 11.2 and 4.9 mu g L(-1) in corn-and soybean-crop years, respectively. In only one runoff event during the 18 watershed-years it was applied did glyphosate concentration exceed its 700 mu g L(-1) MCL and the highest, annual, flow-weighted concentration was 3.9 mu g L(-1). Planting glyphosate-tolerant corn and soybean and using glyphosate in lieu of some residual herbicides should reduce the impact of the production of these crops on surface water quality. C1 [Shipitalo, Martin J.; Owens, Lloyd B.] USDA ARS, Coshocton, OH 43812 USA. RP Shipitalo, MJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, POB 488, Coshocton, OH 43812 USA. EM martin.shipitalo@ars.usda.gov OI Shipitalo, Martin/0000-0003-4775-7345 NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 40 IS 4 BP 1281 EP 1289 DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0454 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 783LM UT WOS:000292084100026 PM 21712598 ER PT J AU Schwarte, KA Russell, JR Kovar, JL Morrical, DG Ensley, SM Yoon, KJ Cornick, NA Cho, YI AF Schwarte, Kirk A. Russell, James R. Kovar, John L. Morrical, Daniel G. Ensley, Steven M. Yoon, Kyoung-Jin Cornick, Nancy A. Cho, Yong Il TI Grazing Management Effects on Sediment, Phosphorus, and Pathogen Loading of Streams in Cool-Season Grass Pastures SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID WATER-QUALITY; CATTLE DISTRIBUTION; NORTHEASTERN OREGON; LIVESTOCK EXCLUSION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SOUTHEASTERN MINNESOTA; RIPARIAN MANAGEMENT; CHANNEL MORPHOLOGY; GEORGIA PIEDMONT; UNITED-STATES AB Erosion and runoff from pastures may lead to degradation of surface water. A 2-yr grazing study was conducted to quantify the effects of grazing management on sediment, phosphorus (P), and pathogen loading of streams in cool-season grass pastures. Six adjoining 12.1-ha pastures bisected by a stream in central Iowa were divided into three treatments: continuous stocking with unrestricted stream access (CSU), continuous stocking with restricted stream access (CSR), and rotational stocking (RS). Rainfall simulations on stream banks resulted in greater (P < 0.10) proportions of applied precipitation and amounts of sediment and P transported in runoff from bare sites than from vegetated sites across grazing treatments. Similar differences were observed comparing vegetated sites in CSU and RS pastures with vegetated sites in CSR pastures. Bovine enterovirus was shed by an average of 24.3% of cows during the study period and was collected in the runoff of 8.3 and 16.7% of runoff simulations on bare sites in CSU pastures in June and October of 2008, respectively, and from 8.3% of runoff simulations on vegetated sites in CSU pastures in April 2009. Fecal pathogens (bovine coronavirus [BCV], bovine rotavirus group A, and Escherichia coli O157:H7) shed or detected in runoff were almost nonexistent; only BCV was detected in feces of one cow in August of 2008. Erosion of cut-banks was the greatest contributor of sediment and P loading to the stream; contributions from surface runoff and grazing animals were considerably less and were minimized by grazing management practices that reduced congregation of cattle by pasture streams. C1 [Schwarte, Kirk A.; Russell, James R.; Morrical, Daniel G.] Iowa State Univ, Dep Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kovar, John L.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Ensley, Steven M.; Yoon, Kyoung-Jin] Iowa State Univ, Dep Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Cho, Yong Il] Iowa State Univ, Dep Vet Microbiol & Preventat Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Russell, JR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dep Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jrussell@iastate.edu FU Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture [2006-51130-03700, 2007-35102-18115] FX The authors thank Jesse Van Waardhuizen, Jay Berkey, and all undergraduate assistants helping with data collection; Adam Pintar and Dason Kurkiewicz for assistance with statistical analysis; Kent Berns and Kevin Maher for assistance with cattle management; and Mat Haan for guidance with the project. This material is based on work supported by the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Award No. 2006-51130-03700 and Award No. 2007-35102-18115. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 73 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 28 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 40 IS 4 BP 1303 EP 1313 DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0524 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 783LM UT WOS:000292084100028 PM 21712600 ER PT J AU McLaughlin, MR Brooks, JP Adeli, A Tewolde, H AF McLaughlin, Michael R. Brooks, John P. Adeli, Ardeshir Tewolde, Haile TI Nutrients and Bacteria in Common Contiguous Mississippi Soils with and without Broiler Litter Fertilization SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; TALL FESCUE PASTURE; POULTRY LITTER; LAND APPLICATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; UNITED-STATES; CLOSTRIDIUM-PERFRINGENS; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE AB In Mississippi, spent poultry litter is used as fertilizer. Nutrient and bacterial levels in litter and nutrient levels in litter-fertilized (L+) soil are known, but less is known of bacterial levels in L+ soil. This study compared contiguous L+ and non-litter-fertilized (L-) soils comprising 15 soil types on five farms in April through May 2009. Levels of pH; NO(3)(-)-N; and Mehlich-3-extractable (M3) and water-extractable (WE) P, Ca, K, and Cu were higher in L+ than in L-soil. Total C; total N; NH(4)(+)-N; and M3 and WE Na, Fe, and Zn did not differ in L+ and L-soil. Bacterial levels were higher in 0- to 5-cm than in 5- to 10-cm cores. Levels were higher in L+ than in L-soil for culturally determined heterotrophic plate counts and staphylococci and were lower for total bacteria estimated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) of 16S rRNA, but cultural levels of thermotolerant coliforms, Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, and enterococci were not different. Cultural presence/absence (CPA) tests and qPCR for Listeria spp., Campylobacter spp., and Salmonella spp. detected only Listeria spp., which did not differ in L+ (CPA = 77% positive samples; mean qPCR = 0.65 log 10 genomic units [gu] g(-1)) and L-(CPA = 70% positive samples; mean qPCR = 0 log(10) gu g(-1)) soils. Litter applications were associated with higher levels of pH, P, Cu, heterotrophic plate counts, and staphylococci. Fecal indicator and enteric pathogen levels were not affected. We conclude that, although some litter-derived nutrients and bacteria persisted between growing seasons in L+ soils, enteric pathogens did not. C1 [McLaughlin, Michael R.; Brooks, John P.; Adeli, Ardeshir; Tewolde, Haile] USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP McLaughlin, MR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM mike.mclaughlin@ars.usda.gov NR 93 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 40 IS 4 BP 1322 EP 1331 DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0402 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 783LM UT WOS:000292084100030 PM 21712602 ER PT J AU Adams, MB AF Adams, Mary Beth TI Land Application of Hydrofracturing Fluids Damages a Deciduous Forest Stand in West Virginia SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SODIUM-CHLORIDE; BRINE; SALTS; SITE; SOIL AB In June 2008, 303,000 L of hydrofracturing fluid from a natural gas well were applied to a 0.20-ha area of mixed hardwood forest on the Fernow Experimental Forest, West Virginia. During application, severe damage and mortality of ground vegetation was observed, followed about 10 d later by premature leaf drop by the overstory trees. Two years after fluid application, 56% of the trees within the fluid application area were dead. Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. was the tree species with the highest mortality, and Acer rubrum L. was the least affected, although all tree species present on the site showed damage symptoms and mortality. Surface soils (0-10 cm) were sampled in July and October 2008, June and October 2009, and May 2010 on the fluid application area and an adjacent reference area to evaluate the effects of the hydrofracturing fluid on soil chemistry and to attempt to identify the main chemical constituents of the hydrofracturing fluid. Surface soil concentrations of sodium and chloride increased 50-fold as a result of the land application of hydrofracturing fluids and declined over time. Soil acidity in the fluid application area declined with time, perhaps from altered organic matter cycling. This case study identifies the need for further research to help understand the nature and the environmental impacts of hydrofracturing fluids to devise optimal, safe disposal strategies. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. RP Adams, MB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, POB 404, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. EM mbadams@fs.fed.us NR 19 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 40 IS 4 BP 1340 EP 1344 DI 10.2134/jeq2010.0504 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 783LM UT WOS:000292084100032 PM 21712604 ER PT J AU Tomioka, K Hirooka, Y Nagai, T Sawada, H Aoki, T Sato, T AF Tomioka, Keisuke Hirooka, Yuuri Nagai, Toshirou Sawada, Hiroyuki Aoki, Takayuki Sato, Toyozo TI Plectosporium blight of monkshood caused by Plectosporium tabacinum SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE New disease; Plectosporium blight; Monkshood; Aconitum x cammarum; Plectosporium tabacinum; Plectosphaerella cucumerina AB Severe blight of potted seedlings of monkshood caused by Plectosporium tabacinum was found in glasshouses in Kagawa Prefecture in southwest Japan in May 2001. Root rot and browning of stem bases were followed by wilting and yellowing of leaves, then blighting of leaves, flower buds and stems. A fungus was isolated from diseased plants and confirmed to cause the disease. The new disease was named "Plectosporium blight of monkshood". C1 [Tomioka, Keisuke; Nagai, Toshirou; Sawada, Hiroyuki; Aoki, Takayuki; Sato, Toyozo] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. [Hirooka, Yuuri] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Tomioka, K (reprint author), Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. EM tomioka@affrc.go.jp NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER TOKYO PI TOKYO PA 1-11-11 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN SN 1345-2630 J9 J GEN PLANT PATHOL JI J. Gen. Plant Pathol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 77 IS 4 BP 266 EP 268 DI 10.1007/s10327-011-0320-3 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 785GU UT WOS:000292216200010 ER PT J AU Miri, MJ Pritchard, BP Cheng, HN AF Miri, Massoud J. Pritchard, Benjamin P. Cheng, H. N. TI A versatile approach for modeling and simulating the tacticity of polymers SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MODELING LA English DT Article DE Computer modeling; Pentads; Single-site catalysts; Stereospecific polymerization; Tacticity ID ANSA-METALLOCENE CATALYSTS; ZIEGLER-NATTA CATALYSTS; OLEFIN POLYMERIZATION; STEREOSPECIFIC POLYMERIZATION; HEMIISOTACTIC POLYPROPYLENE; ELASTOMERIC POLYPROPYLENE; PROPYLENE POLYMERIZATIONS; PROPENE POLYMERIZATION; STEREOREGULAR POLYMERS; MECHANISMS AB We are introducing a versatile computerized approach to model and simulate polymer tacticities using seven single-stage statistical models. The theory behind the models, e.g., Bovey's versus Price's, Bernoullian, 1st or 2nd order Markovian, enantiomeric types, and combinations thereof is explained. One of the models, "E-B gen", which can be used to produce four types of enantiomorphically controlled tacticities, and the pentad distribution for the model "E-M1" are reported here for the first time. The relations of chain-end controlled models to binary copolymerizations are discussed in detail, and equations for the conversion of tacticity based probabilities to reactivity ratios to obtain related n-ad distributions are presented. The models were applied to 20 polymers with exemplary tacticities found in the literature. A related software program ("Polytact") based on Microsoft's Excel has been designed to calculate all relevant characteristics of the polymer tacticity and to present them in graphical form in a user-friendly manner. The program can be used to produce graphs of the triad, pentad and sequence length distributions and a simulation of 50 monomer repeat units in the polymer for each of the seven models. One of the main intended uses of the program is to compare the computed n-ad distributions to those of experimental polymers obtained from NMR spectroscopy and to gain insight into the polymerization mechanisms. C1 [Miri, Massoud J.; Pritchard, Benjamin P.] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Cheng, H. N.] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Miri, MJ (reprint author), Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Chem, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. EM mjmsch@rit.edu NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1610-2940 J9 J MOL MODEL JI J. Mol. Model. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 17 IS 7 BP 1767 EP 1780 DI 10.1007/s00894-010-0880-8 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Chemistry; Computer Science GA 786GD UT WOS:000292290600023 PM 21069549 ER PT J AU Hsueh, HW Zhou, Z Whelan, J Allen, KGD Moustaid-Moussa, N Kim, H Claycombe, KJ AF Hsueh, Hui Wen Zhou, Zhou Whelan, Jay Allen, Kenneth G. D. Moustaid-Moussa, Naima Kim, Hyojung Claycombe, Kate J. TI Stearidonic and Eicosapentaenoic Acids Inhibit Interleukin-6 Expression in ob/ob Mouse Adipose Stem Cells via Toll-Like Receptor-2-Mediated Pathways SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID N-3 FATTY-ACIDS; NF-KAPPA-B; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; INNATE IMMUNITY; 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES; WEIGHT-LOSS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; FISH CONSUMPTION AB Increased adipose tissue positively correlates with circulating inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6. We previously reported that adipose stem cells from genetically obese ob/ob mice produce significantly higher levels of IL-6 compared with other cell types such as adipocytes and macrophages within adipose tissue. We also demonstrated that (n-3) PUFA have antiinflammatory effects on adipocyte IL-6 secretion. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that EPA [20:5 (n-3)] and stearidonic acid [SDA, 18:4 (n-3)] would decrease LPS (200 mu g/L)-induced IL-6 secretion and IL-6 mRNA content in the adipose stem cells. SDA (100 mu mol/L) and EPA (100 mu mol/L) significantly reduced LPS-induced IL-6 secretion and decreased IL-6 mRNA expression. To determine the underlying intracellular mechanisms, we tested whether LPS-induced Toll-like-receptor (TLR) 4 and TLR2 expression were modulated by these fatty acids using Western-blot analysis. EPA and SDA suppressed LPS-induced TLR2 but not TLR4 protein expression in the adipose stem cells. Furthermore, SDA and EPA significantly lowered the activation and translocation of NF-kappa B, a TL82 downstream signaling target, while protein expression of extracellular signal-regulated kinases-1/2 were unaffected. Collectively, our results suggest that EPA and SDA inhibit LPS-induced IL-6 secretion and IL-6 mRNA expression in the adipose stem cells by decreasing TAL2-mediated signaling pathways. J. Nutr. 141: 1260-1266, 2011. C1 [Hsueh, Hui Wen; Zhou, Zhou; Kim, Hyojung; Claycombe, Kate J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Whelan, Jay] Univ Tennessee, Dept Nutr, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. [Allen, Kenneth G. D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Moustaid-Moussa, Naima] Univ Tennessee, Dept Anim Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Moustaid-Moussa, Naima] Univ Tennessee, Obes Res Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Claycombe, Kate J.] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. RP Claycombe, KJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM kate.claycombe@ars.usda.gov FU Michigan Agricultural Experimental Station; Michigan State University Office of Vice President of Research; USDA Agricultural Research Service FX Supported by the Michigan Agricultural Experimental Station, the Michigan State University Office of Vice President of Research, and USDA Agricultural Research Service (research funds to K.J. Claycombe). NR 68 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 141 IS 7 BP 1260 EP 1266 DI 10.3945/jn.110.132571 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 783DL UT WOS:000292061600006 PM 21562237 ER PT J AU Lee, JS Johnson, MA Brown, A Nord, M AF Lee, Jung Sun Johnson, Mary Ann Brown, Arvine Nord, Mark TI Food Security of Older Adults Requesting Older Americans Act Nutrition Program in Georgia Can Be Validly Measured Using a Short Form of the U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID INSECURITY; PARTICIPANTS AB Food security is a newly recommended outcome measure for the Older Americans Act Nutrition Program (OAANP); however, it is unknown how best to evaluate the need for this program and assess its impact on a large scale. Therefore, we measured food security in all new OAANP participants and waitlisted applicants in Georgia between July and early November, 2008 (n = 4731) with the self-administered mail survey method used in the ongoing Georgia Performance Outcomes Measures project. We used a modified 6-item U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM) with a 30-d reference period and 2 reminder postcards. Approximately 33% of those identified completed the survey (n = 1594, mean age 74.6 +/- 9.5 y, 68.6% female, 30.6% black). Most of the respondents (91%) completed all 6 food security questions, whereas 26 did not respond to any question. Infit and outfit statistics for each of the 6 questions were within an acceptable range. Psychometric properties observed in our food security data were generally similar to those in the nationally representative survey conducted by the Census Bureau and suggest that our food security statistics may be meaningfully compared with national food security statistics published by the USDA. Our findings suggest that food security can be reasonably measured by a short form of HFSSM in older adults requesting OAANP. Such methodology also can be used to estimate the extent of food insecurity and help guide program and policy decisions to meet the nutrition assistance needs of vulnerable older adults. J. Nutr. 141: 1362-1368, 2011. C1 [Lee, Jung Sun; Johnson, Mary Ann] Univ Georgia, Dept Foods & Nutr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Brown, Arvine] Georgia Dept Human Serv, Div Aging Serv, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Nord, Mark] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Lee, JS (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Foods & Nutr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM leejs@fcs.uga.edu RI Nguyen, Giang/D-9027-2016 FU U.S. Administration on Aging [427-93-08081298-99]; USDA/Economic Research Service/University of California Davis Research Innovation; Development Grants in Economics Program [SUB07-000687-03] FX Supported in part by the U.S. Administration on Aging Advanced Performance Outcomes Measures Project (427-93-08081298-99) and the USDA/Economic Research Service/University of California Davis Research Innovation and Development Grants in Economics Program (SUB07-000687-03). The views presented are those of the authors and may not be attributed to the Economic Research Service or the USDA. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 141 IS 7 BP 1362 EP 1368 DI 10.3945/jn.111.139378 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 783DL UT WOS:000292061600022 PM 21562242 ER PT J AU Aslibekyan, S Campos, H Loucks, EB Linkletter, CD Ordovas, JM Baylin, A AF Aslibekyan, Stella Campos, Hannia Loucks, Eric B. Linkletter, Crystal D. Ordovas, Jose M. Baylin, Ana TI Development of a Cardiovascular Risk Score for Use in Low- and Middle-Income Countries SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; COSTA-RICA; PRIMARY PREVENTION; LIFE-STYLE; PREDICTION; POPULATION; DIETARY; PREVALENCE; BIOMARKERS AB The Summary measures of cardiovascular risk have long been used in public health, but few include nutritional predictors despite extensive evidence linking diet and heart disease. Study objectives were to develop and validate a novel risk score in a case-control study of myocardial infarction (MI) conducted in Costa Rica during 1994-2004. After restricting the data set to healthy participants (n = 1678), conditional logistic regression analyses modeled associations of lifestyle factors (Unhealthy diet, decreased physical activity, smoking, waist:hip ratio, low or high alcohol intake, and low socioeconomic status) with risk for MI. Using the estimated coefficients as weights for each component, a regression model was fit to assess score performance. The score was subsequently validated in participants with a history of chronic disease. Higher risk score values were associated with a significantly increased risk of MI [OR = 2.72 (95% CI = 2.28-3.24)]. The findings were replicated in a model (n = 1392) that included the best covariate measures available in the study [OR = 2.71 (95% CI = 2.26-3.26)]. Performance of the score in different subsets of the study population showed c-statistics ranging from 0.63 to 0.67. The new score presents a quantitative summary of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in the study population. J. Nutr. 141: 1375-1380, 2011. C1 [Aslibekyan, Stella; Loucks, Eric B.; Linkletter, Crystal D.; Baylin, Ana] Brown Univ, Dept Community Hlth, Providence, RI 02903 USA. [Campos, Hannia] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Baylin, Ana] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Baylin, A (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Community Hlth, Providence, RI 02903 USA. EM abaylin@umich.edu RI Loucks, Eric/I-1272-2014 OI Loucks, Eric/0000-0002-9962-0386 FU NIH [HL081549] FX Supported by grant HL081549 from the NIH. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 141 IS 7 BP 1375 EP 1380 DI 10.3945/jn.110.133140 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 783DL UT WOS:000292061600024 PM 21562240 ER PT J AU Shen, CL Yeh, JK Samathanam, C Cao, JJ Stoecker, BJ Dagda, RY Chyu, MC Wang, JS AF Shen, Chwan-Li Yeh, James K. Samathanam, Christina Cao, Jay J. Stoecker, Barbara J. Dagda, Raul Y. Chyu, Ming-Chien Wang, Jia-Sheng TI Protective actions of green tea polyphenols and alfacalcidol on bone microstructure in female rats with chronic inflammation SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Tea; Alfacalcidol; Dietary supplement; Inflammation; Histomorphometry; Micro-CT; Bone quality ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; PLAIN VITAMIN-D; (-)-EPIGALLOCATECHIN GALLATE; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; CORTICAL BONE; OSTEOPOROSIS; CELLS; HISTOMORPHOMETRY; ACTIVATION; APOPTOSIS AB This study investigated the effects of green tea polyphenols (GTP) and alfacalcidol on bone microstructure and strength along with possible mechanisms in rats with chronic inflammation. A 12-week study using a 2 (no GTP vs. 0.5%, w/v GTP in drinking water)x2 (no alfacalcidol vs. 0.05 mu g/kg alfacalcidol orally, 5x/ week) factorial design was employed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-administered female rats. A group receiving placebo administration was used to compare with a group receiving LPS administration only to evaluate the effect of LPS. Changes in tibial and femoral microarchitecture and strength of femur were evaluated. Difference in expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in proximal tibia using immunohistochemistry was examined. Compared to the placebo group, the LPS-administered-only group had significantly lower femoral mass, trabecular volume, thickness and number in proximal tibia and femur, and lower periosteal bone formation rate in tibial shafts but had significantly higher trabecular separation and osteoclast number in proximal tibia and eroded surface in endocortical tibial shafts. Both GTP and alfacalcidol reversed these LPS-induced detrimental changes in femur, proximal tibia and endocortical tibial shaft. Both GTP and alfacalcidol also significantly improved femoral strength, while significantly suppressed TNF-alpha expression in proximal tibia. There were significant interactions in femoral mass and strength, trabecular separation, osteoclast number and TNF-alpha expression in proximal tibia. A combination of both showed to sustain bone microarchitecture and strength. We conclude that a protective impact of GTP and alfacalcidol in bone microarchitecture during chronic inflammation may be due to a suppression of TNF-alpha. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. An rights reserved. C1 [Shen, Chwan-Li; Samathanam, Christina; Dagda, Raul Y.; Chyu, Ming-Chien] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. [Shen, Chwan-Li] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Laura W Bush Inst Womens Hlth, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. [Yeh, James K.] Winthrop Univ Hosp, Appl Bench Core Lab, Mineola, NY 11501 USA. [Cao, Jay J.] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Stoecker, Barbara J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. [Chyu, Ming-Chien] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Wang, Jia-Sheng] Univ Georgia, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Athens, GA 30601 USA. RP Shen, CL (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. EM leslie.shen@ttuhsc.edu FU Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health; National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute [CA90997] FX This study was supported by the Laura W. Bush Institute for Women's Health and the National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute grant CA90997 (JSW). NR 46 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0955-2863 EI 1873-4847 J9 J NUTR BIOCHEM JI J. Nutr. Biochem. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 22 IS 7 BP 673 EP 680 DI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.05.007 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 787CR UT WOS:000292354700009 PM 21036589 ER PT J AU Li, RP Zhang, Y Lee, CC Liu, LM Huang, YP AF Li, Ruiping Zhang, Yi Lee, Charles C. Liu, Liming Huang, Yingping TI Hydrophilic interaction chromatography separation mechanisms of tetracyclines on amino-bonded silica column SO JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Amino-bonded silica column; Environmental analysis; Hydrophilic interaction chromatography; Retention mechanism; Tetracyclines ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; WASTE-WATER; ENVIRONMENTAL WATERS; SURFACE-WATER; MOBILE PHASES; ANTIBIOTICS; SAMPLES; HPLC AB Effects of mobile-phase variations on the chromatographic separation on amino-bonded silica column in hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) were investigated for four zwitterionic tetracyclines (TCs): oxytetracycline, doxycycline, chlortetracycline, and tetracycline. A mixed-mode retention mechanism composed of partitioning, adsorption, and ion exchange interactions was proposed for the amino HILIC retention process. Buffer type and pH significantly influenced the retention of TCs, but showed similar separation selectivity for the tested analytes. Experiments varying buffer salt concentration and pH demonstrated the presence of ion exchange interactions in TCs retention. The type and concentration of organic modifier also affected the retention and selectivity of the analytes, providing direct evidence supporting the Alpert retention model for HILIC. The retention time of the analytes increased in the following order of organic modifiers: tetrahydrofuran < methanol < isopropanol < acetonitrile. The linear relationships of logk' versus % water (v/v) curve and logk' versus logarithm of % water (v/v) in the mobile phase indicated that TCs separation on the amino phase was controlled by partitioning and adsorption. The developed method was successfully utilized in the detection of TCs in both river water and wastewater samples using solid-phase extraction (SPE) for sample cleanup. C1 [Li, Ruiping; Zhang, Yi; Liu, Liming; Huang, Yingping] China Three Gorges Univ, Engn Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Gorges Reservoir Reg 3, Minist Educ, Yichang 443002, Peoples R China. [Lee, Charles C.] USDA ARS WRRC, Albany, CA USA. RP Li, RP (reprint author), China Three Gorges Univ, Engn Res Ctr Ecoenvironm Gorges Reservoir Reg 3, Minist Educ, Yichang 443002, Peoples R China. EM rpli_ctgu@163.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [20977058, 50979049]; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology [KF2008-05]; Ministry of Environmental Protection, Hubei Province, China [2008HB08]; China Three Gorges University FX The authors gratefully acknowledged project support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20977058, 50979049), the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology (No. KF2008-05), Ministry of Environmental Protection, Hubei Province, China (No. 2008HB08), and China Three Gorges University. Also, the authors greatly appreciate Professor Guangfu Luo for the helpful discussions. NR 41 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1615-9306 J9 J SEP SCI JI J. Sep. Sci. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 34 IS 13 BP 1508 EP 1516 DI 10.1002/jssc.201100130 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 782DC UT WOS:000291986800002 PM 21598382 ER PT J AU Williams, MS Ebel, ED Hoeting, JA AF Williams, Michael S. Ebel, Eric D. Hoeting, Jennifer A. TI Bayesian Analysis for Food-Safety Risk Assessment: Evaluation of Dose-Response Functions within WinBUGS SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE numerical integration; food safety; WinBUGS AB Bayesian methods are becoming increasingly popular in the field of food-safety risk assessment. Risk assessment models often require the integration of a dose-response function over the distribution of all possible doses of a pathogen ingested with a specific food. This requires the evaluation of an integral for every sample for a Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis of a model. While many statistical software packages have functions that allow for the evaluation of the integral, this functionality is lacking in WinBUGS. A probabilistic model, that incorporates a novel numerical integration technique, is presented to facilitate the use of WinBUGS for food-safety risk assessments. The numerical integration technique is described in the context of a typical food-saftey risk assesment, some theoretical results are given, and a snippet of WinBUGS code is provided. C1 [Williams, Michael S.; Ebel, Eric D.] Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Risk Assessment Div, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Hoeting, Jennifer A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Williams, MS (reprint author), Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Risk Assessment Div, USDA, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg B, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM mike.williams@fsis.usda.go; jah@colostate.edu NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOURNAL STATISTICAL SOFTWARE PI LOS ANGELES PA UCLA DEPT STATISTICS, 8130 MATH SCIENCES BLDG, BOX 951554, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095-1554 USA SN 1548-7660 J9 J STAT SOFTW JI J. Stat. Softw. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 43 IS CS2 BP 1 EP 14 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA V30HB UT WOS:000208806000001 ER PT J AU Ramos, MA Muir, ZE Ashby, RD Liu, CK AF Ramos, Mila Aldema Muir, Zerlina E. Ashby, Richard D. Liu, Cheng-Kung TI SOAKING FORMULATIONS THAT CAN SOFTEN HARDENED BOVINE MANURE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID SOPHOROLIPIDS AB Many of the damaging problems in hides and leather industry, such as grain damage and weakening of the leather product, can originate from putrefaction due to microbial contamination and mechanical stress due to the heaviness and pressure of hard to remove adobe type manure on bovine hides. New washing methods are urgently needed to effectively clean raw hides for their storage and shipments. The amphiphilic property of detergents and the capability of glycerol to insert into the detergent micelles were investigated in the formulation of an ideal washing solution. Since the softening of the hardened manure is the key to its removal during the demanuring process, the initial experiments presented in this report were designed such that the changes in hardness of the manure balls were monitored using a texture analyzer. The work needed to cause the same amount of deformation on the manure sample was measured and compared before and after soaking in the respective formulations. Various detergent types such as anionic (SDS), nonionic (Tween 20 and TritonX-114) and zwitterionic (LDAO) are evaluated and compared to the biodegradable surfactant, sophorolipid (SL). The sophorolipid with the addition of recycled crude glycerol was observed to be more effective in softening the hardened manure samples and will be further studied for "adobe" type manure removal. C1 [Ramos, Mila Aldema; Muir, Zerlina E.; Ashby, Richard D.; Liu, Cheng-Kung] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Ramos, MA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM mila.ramos@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER LEATHER CHEMISTS ASSOC PI LUBBOCK PA 1314 50 ST, STE 103, LUBBOCK, TX 79412 USA SN 0002-9726 J9 J AM LEATHER CHEM AS JI J. Am. Leather Chem. Assoc. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 106 IS 7 BP 212 EP 218 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 786XP UT WOS:000292341500001 ER PT J AU Ashby, RD Solaiman, DKY Strahan, GD AF Ashby, Richard D. Solaiman, Daniel K. Y. Strahan, Gary D. TI Efficient Utilization of Crude Glycerol as Fermentation Substrate in the Synthesis of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) Biopolymers SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate); Glycerol; Fermentation; Pseudomonas oleovorans; End-capping; Diffusion constants ID CHAIN-LENGTH POLY(HYDROXYALKANOATES); CO-PRODUCT STREAM; PSEUDOMONAS-OLEOVORANS; UNSATURATED MONOMERS; WASTE GLYCEROL; BIODIESEL; 1,3-PROPANEDIOL; BIOSYNTHESIS; DIFFUSION; ETHANOL AB One refined and two crude glycerol (from biodiesel production) samples were utilized to produce poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) by Pseudomonas oleovorans NRRL B-14682. A batch culture fermentation protocol including 1% glycerol and an aeration rate of 3 standard liters per minute proved best for PHB synthesis (av. yield = 1.0 +/- A 0.2 g/L at 48 h) and efficient glycerol utilization. PHB molecular weights decreased as MeOH concentration increased. Refined glycerol resulted in PHB polymers with number average molecular weights (M (n)) of 314,000 g/mol which decreased by 17 and 90% as MeOH media concentrations increased to < 0.005 and 0.85%, respectively. Proton ((1)H) NMR demonstrated the presence of glycerol- and methoxy-based end-capping, which was confirmed by (1)H diffusion experiments (DOSY analyses). NMR diffusion analyses of the PHB polymers established their diffusivities, and confirmed that their relative molecular sizes were dependent on the impurities in the glycerol. In addition, DOSY analyses indicated that each end-capped PHB polymer and the glycerol or methoxy groups bound to it had the same diffusion constants, demonstrating that they migrated together as covalent complexes. Non-covalent complexation was eliminated by physically mixing free glycerol with PHB synthesized from oleic acid; their respective diffusivities were notably faster. C1 [Ashby, Richard D.; Solaiman, Daniel K. Y.; Strahan, Gary D.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Ashby, RD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Rick.Ashby@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 88 IS 7 BP 949 EP 959 DI 10.1007/s11746-011-1755-6 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 782IU UT WOS:000292002500008 ER PT J AU Fallen, BD Pantalone, VR Sams, CE Kopsell, DA Vaughn, SF Moser, BR AF Fallen, Benjamin D. Pantalone, Vincent R. Sams, Carl E. Kopsell, Dean A. Vaughn, Steven F. Moser, Bryan R. TI Effect of Soybean Oil Fatty Acid Composition and Selenium Application on Biodiesel Properties SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Biodiesel; Cloud point; Fatty acid methyl esters; Induction period; Oxidative stability; Pour point; Soybean oil; Selenium ID SELENATE; ESTERS AB Biodiesel consisting principally of monounsaturated fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) has been reported to have the optimal balance between cold flow properties and oxidative stability, therefore producing a superior fuel. In addition, treating biodiesel with antioxidants such as selenium (Se) also increases oxidative stability. Fuel properties including acid value (AV), cloud point (CP), iodine value (IV), pour point (PP), peroxide value (PV), induction period (IP), onset temperature (OT), and kinematic viscosity (KV) were used to evaluate a newly developed Roundup Ready(A (R)) soybean recombinant inbred line (RIL) and a commercial cultivar. The RIL had a fatty acid profile with elevated levels of monounsaturated FAME. TN07-93RR was determined as the more desirable line for production of biodiesel, based on its fatty acid composition and subsequent fuel properties. The commercial cultivar AG3906 contained the highest abundance of polyunsaturated FAME and exhibited comparatively high IV and low oxidative stability. AG3906 was therefore not acceptable under the European biodiesel standard, EN 14214. However, TN07-93RR and AG3906 both were considered satisfactory according to the American biodiesel standard, ASTM D6751. Foliar treatment of soybean plants with varying amounts of Se had no effect on subsequent biodiesel oxidative stabilities. C1 [Fallen, Benjamin D.; Pantalone, Vincent R.; Sams, Carl E.; Kopsell, Dean A.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Vaughn, Steven F.; Moser, Bryan R.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Pantalone, VR (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, 2431 Joe Johnson Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM vpantalo@utk.edu FU University of Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station; Tennessee Soybean Promotion Board; Better Bean Initiative of the United Soybean Board FX We appreciate the support provided by the University of Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station and the Tennessee Soybean Promotion Board. We also appreciate the support by the Better Bean Initiative of the United Soybean Board, which led to the development of the increased oleic soybean lines that made this research possible. The authors acknowledge Benetria N. Banks and Ray K. Holloway for their excellent technical assistance. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 88 IS 7 BP 1019 EP 1028 DI 10.1007/s11746-010-1746-z PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 782IU UT WOS:000292002500016 ER PT J AU Sessa, DJ Woods, KK AF Sessa, D. J. Woods, K. K. TI Purity Assessment of Commercial Zein Products After Purification SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Corn zein; Protein purification; Column filtration; UV spectral analysis; Visible spectral analysis; FTIR; Circular dichroism; SDS-PAGE ID INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; PROTEIN-STRUCTURE; ALPHA-ZEIN; CORN ZEIN; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; MAIZE; IR AB Successful utilization of commercial zein products for certain food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic and medical applications requires a decolorized/deodorized zein of high purity that can be achieved by column filtration of commercial yellow zein solutions through Zeolite 5A and activated carbon. The objective of this investigation was to devise a combination of methodologies to assess purity and degree of deodorization and decolorization. Off-odor removal is defined by a UV spectroscopic ratio of 280:325 nm where diferuloylputrescine is the major contributor. Removal of yellow color, attributed to xanthophylls in zein, was followed by visible spectroscopic assays of a series of dilutions at 448 nm. SDS-PAGE analysis demonstrated removal of beta-zein in combination with diminished sulfur content by sulfur analysis. Zein purity was assessed by Dumas nitrogen and FTIR of commercial zein before and after column filtration. Spectral differences were observed in the amide I (1,650 cm(-1)) peak, amide II region (1,530 and 1,550 cm(-1)) and the amide III peak at 1,240 cm(-1), where ratio of the dominant peaks were strongly dependent on purity of sample. Circular dichroism (CD) analyses validated the FTIR results by showing increased alpha-helical content for the column purified zeins. Combinations of these methodologies can be used to define zein products as a quality control measure for a commercial operation. C1 [Sessa, D. J.; Woods, K. K.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Sessa, DJ (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM david.sessa@ars.usda.gov FU Global Protein Products, Waterville, ME; Biotechnology Research and Development Corporation, Peoria, IL FX We thank Global Protein Products, Waterville, ME and Biotechnology Research and Development Corporation, Peoria, IL for funding this research commencing 07/01/2008 to completion date 06/30/2010. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 88 IS 7 BP 1037 EP 1043 DI 10.1007/s11746-011-1765-4 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 782IU UT WOS:000292002500018 ER PT J AU Hai, R Garcia-Sastre, A Swayne, DE Palese, P AF Hai, Rong Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo Swayne, David E. Palese, Peter TI A Reassortment-Incompetent Live Attenuated Influenza Virus Vaccine for Protection against Pandemic Virus Strains SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID A-VIRUS; B-VIRUS; HEMAGGLUTININ; NEURAMINIDASE; INTERFERENCE; PROTEINS; ANTIBODY; MUTANTS; FERRETS; GENE AB Although live-attenuated influenza vaccines (LAIV) are safe for use in protection against seasonal influenza strains, concerns regarding their potential to reassort with wild-type virus strains have been voiced. LAIVs have been demonstrated to induce enhanced mucosal and cell-mediated immunity better than inactivated vaccines while also requiring a smaller dose to achieve a protective immune response. To address the need for a reassortment-incompetent live influenza A virus vaccine, we have designed a chimeric virus that takes advantage of the fact that influenza A and B viruses do not reassort. Our novel vaccine prototype uses an attenuated influenza B virus that has been manipulated to express the ectodomain of the influenza A hemagglutinin protein, the major target for eliciting neutralizing antibodies. The hemagglutinin RNA segment is modified such that it contains influenza B packaging signals, and therefore it cannot be incorporated into a wild-type influenza A virus. We have applied our strategy to different influenza A virus subtypes and generated chimeric B/PR8 HA (H1), HK68 (H3), and VN (H5) viruses. All recombinant viruses were attenuated both in vitro and in vivo, and immunization with these recombinant viruses protected mice against lethal influenza A virus infection. Overall, our data indicate that the chimeric live-attenuated influenza B viruses expressing the modified influenza A hemagglutinin are effective LAIVs. C1 [Hai, Rong; Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo; Palese, Peter] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Inst Global Hlth & Emerging Pathogens, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo; Palese, Peter] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Swayne, David E.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Palese, P (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, 1 Gustave Levy Pl, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM peter.palese@mssm.edu OI Palese, Peter/0000-0002-0337-5823; Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo/0000-0002-6551-1827 FU CRIP (Center for Research on Influenza Pathogenesis); NIAID [HHSN266200700010C]; NIH [UO1 AI070469, 1RC1 AI086061, P01 AI 058113, U54 AI057158] FX This work was supported by CRIP (Center for Research on Influenza Pathogenesis; NIAID contract HHSN266200700010C) and by the following grants from the NIH: UO1 AI070469, 1RC1 AI086061, P01 AI 058113, and U54 AI057158. NR 29 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 85 IS 14 BP 6832 EP 6843 DI 10.1128/JVI.00609-11 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA 781LA UT WOS:000291932400002 PM 21543486 ER PT J AU Fernandez-Sainz, I Holinka, LG Gladue, D O'Donnell, V Lu, Z Gavrilov, BK Risatti, GR Borca, MV AF Fernandez-Sainz, I. Holinka, L. G. Gladue, D. O'Donnell, V. Lu, Z. Gavrilov, B. K. Risatti, G. R. Borca, M. V. TI Substitution of Specific Cysteine Residues in the E1 Glycoprotein of Classical Swine Fever Virus Strain Brescia Affects Formation of E1-E2 Heterodimers and Alters Virulence in Swine SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HOG-CHOLERA VIRUS; PROTEINS E-RNS; E2 GLYCOPROTEIN; CELL-CULTURE; PESTIVIRUS; DETERMINANT; ATTENUATION; ANTIBODIES; MUTATION; ENTRY AB E1, along with E(rns) and E2, is one of the three envelope glycoproteins of classical swine fever virus ( CSFV). E1 and E2 are anchored to the virus envelope at their carboxyl termini, and Erns loosely associates with the viral envelope. In infected cells, E2 forms homodimers and heterodimers with E1 mediated by disulfide bridges between cysteine residues. The E1 protein of CSFV strain Brescia contains six cysteine residues at positions 5, 20, 24, 94, 123, and 171. The role of these residues in the formation of E1-E2 heterodimers and their effect on CSFV viability in vitro and in vivo remain unclear. Here we observed that recombinant viruses harboring individual cysteine-to-serine substitutions within the E1 envelope protein still have formation of E1-E2 heterodimers which are functional in terms of allowing efficient virus progeny yields in infected primary swine cells. Additionally, these single cysteine mutant viruses were virulent in infected swine. However, a double mutant harboring Cys24Ser and Cys94Ser substitutions within the E1 protein altered formation of E1-E2 heterodimers in infected cells. This recombinant virus, E1 Delta Cys24/94v, showed delayed growth kinetics in primary swine macrophage cultures and was attenuated in swine. Furthermore, despite the observed diminished growth in vitro, infection with E1 Delta Cys24/94v protected swine from challenge with virulent CSFV strain Brescia at 3 and 28 days postinfection. C1 [Fernandez-Sainz, I.; Holinka, L. G.; Gladue, D.; O'Donnell, V.; Borca, M. V.] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Lu, Z.] DHS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [O'Donnell, V.; Gavrilov, B. K.; Risatti, G. R.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Pathobiol & Vet Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Borca, MV (reprint author), USDA ARS NAA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM manuel.borca@ars.usda.gov RI Fernandez Sainz, Ignacio/I-3046-2016; OI Gladue, Douglas/0000-0002-7894-0233; Borca, Manuel/0000-0002-0888-1178 FU NRI-USDA [2006-01614] FX This work was partially supported by NRI-USDA grant 2006-01614. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 85 IS 14 BP 7264 EP 7272 DI 10.1128/JVI.00186-11 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 781LA UT WOS:000291932400042 PM 21561909 ER PT J AU Manoukis, N Geib, S Seo, D McKenney, M Vargas, R Jang, E AF Manoukis, Nicholas Geib, Scott Seo, Danny McKenney, Michael Vargas, Roger Jang, Eric TI An Optimized Protocol for Rearing Fopius arisanus, a Parasitoid of Tephritid Fruit Flies SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Developmental Biology; Issue 53; Biological control; Tephritidae; parasitoid; French Polynesia; insectary AB Fopius arisanus (Sonan) is an important parasitoid of Tephritid fruit flies for at least two reasons. First, it is the one of only three opiine parasitoids known to infect the host during the egg stage(1). Second, it has a wide range of potential fruit fly hosts. Perhaps due to its life history, F. arisanus has been a successfully used for biological control of fruit flies in multiple tropical regions(2-4). One impediment to the wide use of F. arisanus for fruit fly control is that it is difficult to establish a stable laboratory colony(5-9). Despite this difficulty, in the 1990s USDA researchers developed a reliable method to maintain laboratory populations of F. arisanus(10-12). There is significant interest in F. arisanus biology(13,14), especially regarding its ability to colonize a wide variety of Tephritid hosts(14-17); interest is especially driven by the alarming spread of Bactrocera fruit fly pests to new continents in the last decade(18). Further research on F. arisanus and additional deployments of this species as a biological control agent will benefit from optimizations and improvements of rearing methods. In this protocol and associated video article we describe an optimized method for rearing F. arisanus based on a previously described approach(12). The method we describe here allows rearing of F. arisanus in a small scale without the use of fruit, using materials available in tropical regions around the world and with relatively low manual labor requirements. C1 [Manoukis, Nicholas; Geib, Scott; Seo, Danny; McKenney, Michael; Vargas, Roger; Jang, Eric] ARS, USDA, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Manoukis, N (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM nicholas.manoukis@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS FX We thank Keith Shigeteni for assistance in the insectary and Natasha Sostrom for help with computer graphics. This work was funded by USDA-ARS. Opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD JUL PY 2011 IS 53 AR e2901 DI 10.3791/2901 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA V36MC UT WOS:000209215000036 ER PT J AU Groot, AT Classen, A Inglis, O Blanco, CA Lopez, J Vargas, AT Schal, C Heckel, DG Schofl, G AF Groot, A. T. Classen, A. Inglis, O. Blanco, C. A. Lopez, J., Jr. Vargas, A. Teran Schal, C. Heckel, D. G. Schoefl, G. TI Genetic differentiation across North America in the generalist moth Heliothis virescens and the specialist H. subflexa SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE host plant distribution; metapopulation; population structure; structurama ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA VARIATION; FALL ARMYWORM LEPIDOPTERA; GATED SODIUM-CHANNEL; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; HELICOVERPA-ZEA; PYRETHROID RESISTANCE; PHENOTYPIC EVOLUTION AB The two moth species Heliothis virescens (Hv) and H. subflexa (Hs) are closely related, but have vastly different feeding habits. Hv is a generalist and an important pest in many crops in the USA, while Hs is a specialist feeding only on plants in the genus Physalis. In this study, we conducted a comparative population genetic analysis to assess whether and how generalist and specialist life styles are reflected in differences in population structures. In Hv 98% of the total variation occurred within populations. The overall differentiation (F-ST) between regions was 0.006 and even lower between years (0.0039) and hosts (0.0028). Analyses of population structure suggest that all individuals form one genetically homogeneous population, except for at most 12 individuals (6%) that diverged from this cluster. Population homogeneity likely results from the high mobility of Hv and its generalist feeding behaviour. Hs exhibited substantially more population structure. Even though 96% of the total variation was attributable to within-population variability, F-ST-values between Hs populations were 10 times higher than between Hv populations. Hs populations showed significant isolation by distance. Analyses of Hs population structure suggest at least two subpopulations and thus some degree of metapopulation structure. We speculate that the patchy distribution of Physalis - the exclusive food source of Hs - contributes to differences in population structure between these closely related species. The finding that the specialist shows more population differentiation than the generalist corroborates the notion that host specialization is not an evolutionary dead end but a dynamic trait. C1 [Groot, A. T.; Classen, A.; Heckel, D. G.] Max Planck Inst Chem Ecol, Dept Entomol, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Inglis, O.; Schal, C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Inglis, O.; Schal, C.] N Carolina State Univ, WM Keck Ctr Behav Biol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Blanco, C. A.] APHIS Biotechnol Regulatory Serv, USDA, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. [Lopez, J., Jr.] ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, USDA, SPARC, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Vargas, A. Teran] Campo Expt Las Huastecas, Tamaulipas 89610, Mexico. [Schoefl, G.] Leibniz Inst Nat Prod Res & Infect Biol, D-07745 Jena, Germany. RP Groot, AT (reprint author), Univ Amsterdam, IBED, Sci Pk 904, NL-1098 XH Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM agroot@ice.mpg.de RI Heckel, David/K-2138-2013; Groot, Astrid/A-8954-2013; Schal, Coby/A-8717-2010; OI Heckel, David/0000-0001-8991-2150; Groot, Astrid/0000-0001-9595-0161; Schal, Coby/0000-0001-7195-6358; Schofl, Gerhard/0000-0003-3000-3205 FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service (CSREES) [2005-00896]; W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral biology; Max Planck Gesellschaft FX We thank Rob Meagher for his help with the collection of Hs in Florida in 2004, and two anonymous reviewers for suggestions that improved the manuscript. This research was supported by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service (CSREES), grant # 2005-00896, the W. M. Keck Center for Behavioral biology and the Max Planck Gesellschaft. NR 101 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 37 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 20 IS 13 BP 2676 EP 2692 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05129.x PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 785AV UT WOS:000292200700004 PM 21615579 ER PT J AU Ulloa, M Wang, CL Hutmacher, RB Wright, SD Davis, RM Saski, CA Roberts, PA AF Ulloa, Mauricio Wang, Congli Hutmacher, Robert B. Wright, Steven D. Davis, R. Michael Saski, Christopher A. Roberts, Philip A. TI Mapping Fusarium wilt race 1 resistance genes in cotton by inheritance, QTL and sequencing composition SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Cotton (Gossypium); G. barbadense; G. hirsutum; Mapping; Fusarium oxysporum f.sp vasinfectum; Disease resistance; Resistance gene cluster; Quantitative trait loci; Transgressive segregation; Marker-assisted selection; Breeding; Genetics; Genomics; Quantitative disease resistance; R genes; PR-inducible defense-related genes ID GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM L.; CELL ELONGATION; EXPRESSION; NEMATODE; FIBERS; MICROSATELLITES; IDENTIFICATION; POPULATION; BARBADENSE; EVOLUTION AB Knowledge of the inheritance of disease resistance and genomic regions housing resistance (R) genes is essential to prevent expanding pathogen threats such as Fusarium wilt [Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vasinfectum (FOV) Atk. Sny & Hans] in cotton (Gossypium spp.). We conducted a comprehensive study combining conventional inheritance, genetic and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping, QTL marker-sequence composition, and genome sequencing to examine the distribution, structure and organization of disease R genes to race 1 of FOV in the cotton genome. Molecular markers were applied to F(2) and recombinant inbred line (RIL) interspecific mapping populations from the crosses Pima-S7 (G. barbadense L.) x 'Acala NemX' (G. hirsutum L.) and Upland TM-1 (G. hirsutum) x Pima 3-79 (G. barbadense), respectively. Three greenhouse tests and one field test were used to obtain sequential estimates of severity index (DSI) of leaves, and vascular stem and root staining (VRS). A single resistance gene model was observed for the F(2) population based on inheritance of phenotypes. However, additional inheritance analyses and QTL mapping indicated gene interactions and inheritance from nine cotton chromosomes, with major QTLs detected on five chromosomes [Fov1-C06, Fov1-C08, (Fov1-C11 (1) and Fov1-C11 (2)) , Fov1-C16 and Fov1-C19 loci], explaining 8-31% of the DSI or VRS variation. The Fov1-C16 QTL locus identified in the F(2) and in the RIL populations had a significant role in conferring FOV race 1 resistance in different cotton backgrounds. Identified molecular markers may have important potential for breeding effective FOV race 1 resistance into elite cultivars by marker-assisted selection. Reconciliation between genetic and physical mapping of gene annotations from marker-DNA and new DNA sequences of BAC clones tagged with the resistance-associated QTLs revealed defenses genes induced upon pathogen infection and gene regions rich in disease-response elements, respectively. These offer candidate gene targets for Fusarium wilt resistance response in cotton and other host plants. C1 [Ulloa, Mauricio] ARS, USDA, Western Integrated Cropping Syst Res Unit, Shafter, CA 93263 USA. [Wang, Congli; Roberts, Philip A.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Nematol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Hutmacher, Robert B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 93624 USA. [Wright, Steven D.] Univ Calif, Tulare, CA 93274 USA. [Davis, R. Michael] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Saski, Christopher A.] Clemson Univ, Genom Inst, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Ulloa, M (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Integrated Cropping Syst Res Unit, 17053 N Shafter Ave, Shafter, CA 93263 USA. EM mauricio.ulloa@ars.usda.gov; philip.roberts@ucr.edu FU Reimbursable Agreement with Cotton Incorporated (CA State Support Committee), Cary, NC [5303-05-00 0029833]; Cooperative Research Agreement with Cotton Incorporated; University of California FX This study was funded in part by a Reimbursable Agreement with Cotton Incorporated (CA State Support Committee), Cary, NC (ARIS Log Nos. 5303-05-00 0029833), a Cooperative Research Agreement with Cotton Incorporated, and a University of California Discovery Grant. The authors thank Drs. R. Kohel and J. Yu for providing the original seed source of the RIL population. The authors also thank S. Ellberg, M. Biggs, Z. Garcia, M. Keeley, R. Delgado, G. Banuelos, and T. Mullens for technical help. Use of greenhouse facilities of the University of California Kearney Research and Extension Center (Parlier CA, USA) and assistance of Fred Swanson and Laura Van der Staay are gratefully acknowledged. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture or University of California. The U.S. Department of Agriculture and University of California are equal opportunity providers and employers. NR 49 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 18 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1617-4615 J9 MOL GENET GENOMICS JI Mol. Genet. Genomics PD JUL PY 2011 VL 286 IS 1 BP 21 EP 36 DI 10.1007/s00438-011-0616-1 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 782YB UT WOS:000292047600002 PM 21533837 ER PT J AU Kroemer, JA Coates, BS Nusawardani, T Rider, SD Fraser, LM Hellmich, RL AF Kroemer, Jeremy A. Coates, Brad S. Nusawardani, Tyasning Rider, S. Dean, Jr. Fraser, Lisa M. Hellmich, Richard L. TI A rearrangement of the Z chromosome topology influences the sex-linked gene display in the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Z chromosome; Genetic map; Ostrinia nubilalis; Lepidoptera; Gene expression ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; BOMBYX-MORI; W-CHROMOSOME; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; DOMESTICATED SILKWORM; LEPIDOPTERA-PYRALIDAE; PHEROMONE PRODUCTION; HUBNER LEPIDOPTERA; LINKAGE ANALYSIS AB Males are homogametic (ZZ) and females are heterogametic (WZ) with respect to the sex chromosomes in many species of butterflies and moths (insect order Lepidoptera). Genes on the Z chromosome influence traits involved in larval development, environmental adaptation, and reproductive isolation. To facilitate the investigation of these traits across Lepidoptera, we developed 43 degenerate primer pairs to PCR amplify orthologs of 43 Bombyx mori Z chromosome-linked genes. Of the 34 orthologs that amplified by PCR in Ostrinia nubilalis, 6 co-segregated with the Z chromosome anchor markers kettin (ket) and lactate dehydrogenase (ldh), and produced a consensus genetic linkage map of similar to 89 cM in combination with 5 AFLP markers. The O. nubilalis and B. mori Z chromosomes are comparatively co-linear, although potential gene inversions alter terminal gene orders and a translocation event disrupted synteny at one chromosome end. Compared to B. mori orthologs, O. nubilalis Z chromosome-linked genes showed conservation of tissue-specific and growth-stage-specific expression, although some genes exhibited species-specific expression across developmental stages or tissues. The O. nubilalis Z chromosome linkage map provides new tools for isolating quantitative trait loci (QTL) involved in sex-linked traits that drive speciation and it exposes genome rearrangements as a possible mechanism for differential gene regulation in Lepidoptera. C1 [Kroemer, Jeremy A.; Coates, Brad S.; Hellmich, Richard L.] Iowa State Univ, Genet Lab, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Nusawardani, Tyasning] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Rider, S. Dean, Jr.] Wright State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Fraser, Lisa M.] UC Davis, Dept Microbiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Kroemer, JA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Genet Lab, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jkroemer@iastate.edu FU [USDA-ARS-CRIS-017] FX This research was a joint contribution from the USDA, Agricultural Research Service and the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, IA (project 3543), and was supported by USDA-ARS-CRIS-017. This article reports the results of research only. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement or a recommendation by USDA or Iowa State University for its use. The authors would like to thank Mike Rausch and Elizabeth Schrum for their contributions to BAC sequencing of OnB1 Z chromosome clones. NR 90 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 16 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1617-4615 J9 MOL GENET GENOMICS JI Mol. Genet. Genomics PD JUL PY 2011 VL 286 IS 1 BP 37 EP 56 DI 10.1007/s00438-011-0624-1 PG 20 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 782YB UT WOS:000292047600003 PM 21573787 ER PT J AU Karasev, AV Hu, XJ Brown, CJ Kerlan, C Nikolaeva, OV Crosslin, JM Gray, SM AF Karasev, Alexander V. Hu, Xiaojun Brown, Celeste J. Kerlan, Camille Nikolaeva, Olga V. Crosslin, James M. Gray, Stewart M. TI Genetic Diversity of the Ordinary Strain of Potato virus Y (PVY) and Origin of Recombinant PVY Strains SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; SEROLOGICAL PROPERTIES; EVOLUTION; CANADA; IDENTIFICATION; POTYVIRUSES; RESISTANCE; SEQUENCE AB Karasev, A. V., Hu, X., Brown, C. J., Kerlan, C., Nikolaeva, O. V., Crosslin, J. M., and Gray, S. M. 2011. Genetic diversity of the ordinary strain of Potato virus Y (PVY) and origin of recombinant PVY strains. Phytopathology 101:778-785. The ordinary strain of Potato virus Y (PVY), PVY(O), causes mild mosaic in tobacco and induces necrosis and severe stunting in potato cultivars carrying the Ny gene. A novel substrain of PVY(O) was recently reported. PVY(O)-O5, which is spreading in the United States and is distinguished from other PVY(O) isolates serologically (i.e., reacting to the otherwise PVY(N)-specific monoclonal antibody IFS). To characterize this new PVY(O)-05 subgroup and address possible reasons for its continued spread, we conducted a molecular study of PVY(O) and PVY(O)-O5 isolates from a North American collection of PVY through whole-genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. In all, 44 PVY(O) isolates were sequenced, including 31 from the previously defined PVY(O)-O5 group, and subjected to whole-genome analysis. PVY(O)-O5 isolates formed a separate lineage within the PVY(O) genome cluster in the whole-genome phylogenetic tree and represented a novel evolutionary lineage of PVY from potato. On the other hand, the PVY(O) sequences separated into at least two distinct lineages on the whole-genome phylogenetic tree. To shed light on the origin of the three most common PVY recombinants, a more detailed phylogenetic analysis of a sequence fragment, nucleotides 2,406 to 5,821, that is present in all recombinant and nonrecombinant PVY(O) genomes was conducted. The analysis revealed that PVY(N:O) and PVY(N-wi) recombinants acquired their PVY(O) segments from two separate PVY(O) lineages, whereas the PVY(NTN) recombinant acquired its PVY segment from the same lineage as PVY(N:O). These data suggest that PVY(N:O) and PVY(N-wi) recombinants originated from two separate recombination events involving two different PVY(O) parental genomes, whereas the PVY(NTN) recombinants likely originated from the PVY(N:O) genome via additional recombination events. C1 [Karasev, Alexander V.; Hu, Xiaojun; Kerlan, Camille; Nikolaeva, Olga V.] Univ Idaho, Dept PSES, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Karasev, Alexander V.; Hu, Xiaojun; Brown, Celeste J.] Univ Idaho, Bioinformat & Computat Biol Program, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Crosslin, James M.] ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Gray, Stewart M.] Cornell Univ, USDA, ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Karasev, AV (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept PSES, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM akarasev@uidaho.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-NIFA-NRI [2009-35600-05025]; USDA-NIFA-SCRI [2009-51181-05894]; USDA-ARS Cooperative Agreements [58-5354-7-540, 58-1907-8-870]; Idaho Potato Commission; National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources [P20RR16448, P20RR016454] FX This work was funded, in part, through grants from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-NIFA-NRI (number 2009-35600-05025), USDA-NIFA-SCRI (number 2009-51181-05894), the USDA-ARS Cooperative Agreements 58-5354-7-540 and 58-1907-8-870, and the Idaho Potato Commission. Bioinformatics facilities at University of Idaho were supported by grants P20RR16448 and P20RR016454 from the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources. We thank L. Ewing for providing potato plantlets, T. Meacham for help with RT-PCR typing, and H. Fingerson for help in immunoassays. NR 32 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 30 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUL PY 2011 VL 101 IS 7 BP 778 EP 785 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-10-10-0284 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 783WS UT WOS:000292115700002 PM 21675922 ER PT J AU Mitchell, MN Ocamb, CM Grunwald, NJ Mancino, LE Gent, DH AF Mitchell, Melanie N. Ocamb, Cynthia M. Gruenwald, Niklaus J. Mancino, Leah E. Gent, David H. TI Genetic and Pathogenic Relatedness of Pseudoperonospora cubensis and P-humuli SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HOP DOWNY MILDEW; SUDDEN OAK DEATH; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; PHYTOPHTHORA-RAMORUM; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; MIXED MODELS; INFECTION; PERONOSPORA; INFERENCE AB The most economically important plant pathogens in the genus Pseudoperonospora (family Peronosporaceae) are Pseudoperonospora cubensis and P humuli, causal agents of downy mildew on cucurbits and hop, respectively. Recently, P. humuli was reduced to a taxonomic synonym of P. cubensis based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence data and morphological characteristics. Nomenclature has many practical implications for pathogen identification and regulatory considerations; therefore, further clarification of the genetic and pathogenic relatedness of these organisms is needed. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted considering two nuclear and three mitochondrial loci for 21 isolates of P cubensis and 14 isolates of P humuli, and all published ITS sequences of the pathogens in GenBank. There was a consistent separation of the majority of the P hunudi isolates and the P cubensis isolates in nuclear, mitochondrial, and ITS phylogenetic analyses, with the exception of isolates of P. humuli from Hainalus japonicas from Korea. The P cubensis isolates appeared to contain the P humuli cluster, which may indicate that P. humuli descended from P cubensis. Host-specificity experiments were conducted with two reportedly universally susceptible hosts of P cubensis and two hop cultivars highly susceptible to P cubensis consistently infected the hop cultivars at very low rates, and sporangiophores invariably emerged from necrotic or chlorotic hypersensitive-like lesions. Only a single sporangiophore of P humuli was observed on a cucurbit plant during the course of the studies. Together, molecular data and host specificity indicate that there are biologically relevant characteristics that differentiate P. cubensis and P humuli that may be obfuscated if P humuli were reduced to a taxonomic synonym of P. cubensis. Thus, we recommend retaining the two species names P. cubensis and P humuli until the species boundaries can be resolved unambiguously. C1 [Gent, David H.] Oregon State Univ, USDA, ARS, Forage Seed & Cereal Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gent, David H.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Mitchell, Melanie N.; Ocamb, Cynthia M.; Mancino, Leah E.] ARS, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR USA. [Gruenwald, Niklaus J.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Gent, DH (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, USDA, ARS, Forage Seed & Cereal Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM gentd@onid.orst.edu RI Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service CRIS [303-5358-22000-040-00D]; Oregon Hop Commission; Oregon State University Agricultural Research Foundation FX This work was financially supported by the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service CRIS 303-5358-22000-040-00D, the Oregon Hop Commission, and the Oregon State University Agricultural Research Foundation. We thank G. Holmes and S. Colucci for providing isolates of P. cubensis as well as protocols for maintenance and preservation; K. Neufield, S. Koike, J. Patzak, and H.-D. Shin for providing live isolates or DNA that were vital to this research; N. Adair and J. Woods for excellent technical support and assistance; and S. Kousik, J. Woods, and the two anonymous reviewers and the senior editor for comments and suggestions that improved this article. NR 65 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUL PY 2011 VL 101 IS 7 BP 805 EP 818 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-10-10-0270 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 783WS UT WOS:000292115700006 PM 21405990 ER PT J AU Wakefield, L Gadoury, DM Seem, RC Milgroom, MG Sun, Q Cadle-Davidson, L AF Wakefield, Laura Gadoury, David M. Seem, Robert C. Milgroom, Michael G. Sun, Qi Cadle-Davidson, Lance TI Differential Gene Expression During Conidiation in the Grape Powdery Mildew Pathogen, Erysiphe necator SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE expression analysis; Uncinula ID ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS; CONIDIOPHORE DEVELOPMENT; SECONDARY METABOLISM; ASEXUAL SPORULATION; PROTEIN-KINASE; AFLP ANALYSIS; REGULATOR; RNA; INFECTION; PHOSPHATASE AB Asexual sporulation (conidiation) is coordinately regulated in the grape powdery mildew pathogen Erysiphe necator but nothing is known about its genetic regulation. We hypothesized that genes required for conidiation in other fungi would be upregulated at conidiophore initiation or full conidiation (relative to preconidiation vegetative growth and development of mature ascocarps), and that the obligate biotrophic lifestyle of E. necator would necessitate some novel gene regulation. cDNA amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis with 45 selective primer combinations produced, approximate to 1,600 transcript-derived fragments (TDFs), of which 620 (39%) showed differential expression. TDF sequences were annotated using BLAST analysis of GenBank and of a reference transcriptoine for E. necator developed by 454-FLX pyrosequencing of a normalized cDNA library. One-fourth of the differentially expressed, annotated sequences had similarity to fungal genes of unknown function. The remaining genes had annotated function in metabolism, signaling, transcription, transport, and protein fate. As expected, a portion of orthologs known in other fungi to be involved in developmental regulation was upregulated immediately prior to or during conidiation; particularly noteworthy were several genes associated with the light-dependent VeA regulatory system, G-protein signaling (Pthl 1 and a kelch repeat), and nuclear transport (importin-8 and Ran). This work represents the first investigation into differential gene expression during morphogenesis in E. necator and identifies candidate genes and hypotheses for characterization in powdery mildews. Our results indicate that, although control of conidiation in powdery mildews may share some basic elements with established systems, there are significant points of divergence as well, perhaps due, in part, to the obligate biotrophic lifestyle of powdery mildews. C1 [Wakefield, Laura; Gadoury, David M.; Seem, Robert C.; Cadle-Davidson, Lance] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Milgroom, Michael G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Sun, Qi] Cornell Univ, Computat Biol Serv Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Cadle-Davidson, Lance] ARS, USDA, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Cadle-Davidson, L (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM Lance.CadleDavidson@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service Grape Genetics Research Unit; USDA Viticulture Consortium-East; New York Wine and Grape Foundation; Kaplan Fund; Hatch [NYC-153410] FX This research was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service Grape Genetics Research Unit and by grants from the USDA Viticulture Consortium-East, the New York Wine and Grape Foundation, the Kaplan Fund, and Hatch project NYC-153410. We thank M. Brewer for sharing isolates of E. necator and C. Galvani for additional sequencing of cDNA-AFLP fragments. NR 44 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUL PY 2011 VL 101 IS 7 BP 839 EP 846 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-11-10-0295 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 783WS UT WOS:000292115700009 PM 21405992 ER PT J AU Bull, CT Clarke, CR Cai, R Vinatzer, BA Jardini, TM Koike, ST AF Bull, Carolee T. Clarke, Christopher R. Cai, Rongman Vinatzer, Boris A. Jardini, Teresa M. Koike, Steven T. TI Multilocus Sequence Typing of Pseudomonas syringae Sensu Lato Confirms Previously Described Genomospecies and Permits Rapid Identification of P. syringae pv. coriandricola and P. syringae pv. apii Causing Bacterial Leaf Spot on Parsley SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Apiaceae; Apium graveolens; Coriandrum sativum; DNA/DNA hybridization; species concept ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; AD-HOC-COMMITTEE; SPECIES DEFINITION; PLANT-PATHOGENS; PCR; PATHOVARS; CORIANDER; CILANTRO; NOV.; AMPLIFICATION AB Bull, C. T., Clarke, C. R., Cai, R., Vinatzer, B. A., Jardini, T. M., and Koike, S. T. 2011. Multi locus sequence typing of Pseudomonas syringae sensu lato confirms previously described genomospecies and permits rapid identification of P syringae pv. coriandricola and P. syringae pv. apii causing bacterial leaf spot on parsley. Phytopathology 101:847-858. Since 2002, severe leaf spotting on parsley (Petroselinum crispum) has occurred in Monterey County, CA. Either of two different pathovars Of Pseudomonas syringae sensu lato were isolated from diseased leaves from eight distinct outbreaks and once from the same outbreak. Fragment analysis of DNA amplified between repetitive sequence polymerase chain reaction; 16S rDNA sequence analysis; and biochemical, physiological, and host range tests identified the pathogens as Pseudomonas syringae pv. apii and P. syringae pv. coriandricola. Koch's postulates were completed for the isolates from parsley, and host range tests with parsley isolates and pathotype strains demonstrated that P syringae pv. apii and P syringae pv. coriandricola cause leaf spot diseases on parsley, celery, and coriander or cilantro. In a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) approach, four housekeeping gene fragments were sequenced from 10 strains isolated from parsley and 56 pathotype strains of P. syringae. Allele sequences were uploaded to the Plant-Associated Microbes Database and a phylogenetic tree was built based on concatenated sequences. Tree topology directly corresponded to P. syringae genomospecies and P. syringae pv. apii was allocated appropriately to genomospecies 3. This is the first demonstration that MLST can accurately allocate new pathogens directly to P. syringae sensu lato genomospecies. According to MLST, P syringae pv. coriandricola is a member of genomospecies 9, P. cannabina. In a blind test, both P syringae pv. coriandricola and P. syringae pv. apii isolates from parsley were correctly identified to pathovar. In both cases, MLST described diversity within each pathovar that was previously unknown. C1 [Bull, Carolee T.; Jardini, Teresa M.] ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Clarke, Christopher R.; Cai, Rongman; Vinatzer, Boris A.] Virginia Tech, Plant Pathol Physiol & Weed Sci Dept, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Koike, Steven T.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Salinas, CA 93901 USA. RP Bull, CT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM Carolee.Bull@ars.usda.gov RI Cai, Rongman/C-5998-2015 OI Cai, Rongman/0000-0003-2404-4852 FU National Science Foundation [IOS 0746501] FX Research in the Vinatzer lab was funded by the National Science Foundation (Award IOS 0746501). The United States Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. We thank P. Goldman, K. Kammeijer, P. Ayala, S. Mauzey, R. Lomeli, I. Rubio, S. Gebben, and N. Gomez for technical assistance; and A. Aspin for providing NCPPB strains. NR 66 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUL PY 2011 VL 101 IS 7 BP 847 EP 858 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-11-10-0318 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 783WS UT WOS:000292115700010 PM 21323469 ER PT J AU Kolmer, JA Ordonez, ME Manisterski, J Anikster, Y AF Kolmer, J. A. Ordonez, M. E. Manisterski, J. Anikster, Y. TI Genetic Differentiation of Puccinia triticina Populations in the Middle East and Genetic Similarity with Populations in Central Asia SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; VIRULENCE PHENOTYPES; LEAF RUST; WORLDWIDE COLLECTION; MOLECULAR GENOTYPES; UNITED-STATES; DURUM-WHEAT; DIVERSITY; ISRAEL; AMERICA AB Kolmer, J. A., Ordonez, M. E., Manisterski, J., and Anikster, Y. 2011. Genetic differentiation of Puccinia triticina populations in the Middle East and genetic similarity with populations in Central Asia. Phytopathology 101:870-877. Leaf rust of wheat, caused by Puccinia triticina, is a common and widespread disease in the Middle East. The objective of this study was to determine whether genetically differentiated groups of P triticina are present in the Middle East region and to compare the population from the Middle East with the previously characterized population from Central Asia to determine whether genetically similar groups of isolates are found in the two regions. In total, 118 isolates of P triticina collected from common wheat and durum wheat in Egypt, Israel, Turkey, Ethiopia, and Kenya were tested for virulence on 20 lines of wheat with single genes for leaf rust resistance and for molecular genotypes with 23 simple-sequence repeat (SSR) markers. After removal of isolates with identical virulence and SSR genotype in each country, 103 isolates were retained for further analysis. Clustering of SSR genotypes based on two-dimensional principal coordinates and virulence to wheat differential lines grouped the isolates into four Middle East (ME) groups. The two largest ME groups had virulence phenotypes typical of isolates collected from common wheat and two smaller ME groups had virulence typical of isolates collected from durum wheat. All pairs of ME groups were significantly differentiated for SSR genotype based on R(ST) and F(ST) statistics, and for virulence phenotype based on Phi(PT). All ME groups had observed values of heterozygosity greater than expected and significant fixation indices that indicated the clonal reproduction of urediniospores in the overall population. Linkage disequilibria for SSR genotypes was high across the entire population. The overall values of R(ST) and F(ST) were lower when isolates were grouped by country of origin that indicated the likely migration of isolates within the region. Although the two ME groups with virulence typical of isolates from common wheat were not differentiated for SSR genotype from groups of isolates from Central Asia based on R(ST), there was no direct evidence for migration between the two regions because all ME isolates differed from the Central Asia isolates for SSR genotypes. C1 [Kolmer, J. A.; Ordonez, M. E.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Manisterski, J.; Anikster, Y.] Tel Aviv Univ, Inst Cereal Crop Improvement, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. RP Kolmer, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, 1551 Lindig, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM jkolmer@umn.edu NR 38 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUL PY 2011 VL 101 IS 7 BP 870 EP 877 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-10-10-0268 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 783WS UT WOS:000292115700012 PM 21303212 ER PT J AU Edwards, HH Bonde, MR AF Edwards, H. H. Bonde, M. R. TI Penetration and Establishment of Phakopsora pachyrhizi in Soybean Leaves as Observed by Transmission Electron Microscopy SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VENTURIA-INAEQUALIS; PHYSOPELLA-ZEAE; UNITED-STATES; RUST; RESISTANCE; INFECTION; GRAMINIS; BARLEY AB Edwards, H. H., and Bonde, M. R. 2011. Penetration and establishment of Phakopsora pachyrhizi in soybean leaves as observed by transmission electron microscopy. Phytopathology 101:894-900. For over 30 years, it has been known that Phakopsora pachyrhizi is unusual in that it penetrates from urediniospores directly through the leaf cuticle without entering stomates. This unusual mode of penetration suggests that disease resistance mechanisms might exist for soybean rust that do not exist for most rust diseases. As a result, we decided to conduct a histological study using transmission electron microscopy to further elucidate the mechanisms of penetration and early establishment of P pachyrhizi in soybean leaves. Based on our study, it was concluded that P pachyrhizi utilizes primarily mechanical force, perhaps with the aid of digestive enzymes, to penetrate the cuticle on the leaf surface. However, the lack of deformation lines in micrographs indicated that digestive enzymes, without mechanical force, are used by the penetration hypha to penetrate the outer and inner epidermal cell walls. Digestive enzymes, again indicated by the lack of deformation lines, are used by haustorial mother cells to breach the walls of mesophyll cells to form haustoria. The possibility exists for eventual determination of the precise roles of pressure and digestive enzymes in the development of soybean rust and elucidation of some of the determinants of resistance and susceptibility to this important plant disease. C1 [Bonde, M. R.] ARS, USDA, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Edwards, H. H.] Western Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Macomb, IL 61455 USA. RP Bonde, MR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1301 Ditto Ave, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Morris.Bonde@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUL PY 2011 VL 101 IS 7 BP 894 EP 900 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-09-10-0248 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 783WS UT WOS:000292115700015 PM 21405996 ER PT J AU Meadows, IM Zwart, DC Jeffers, SN Waldrop, TA Bridges, WC AF Meadows, I. M. Zwart, D. C. Jeffers, S. N. Waldrop, T. A. Bridges, W. C., Jr. TI Effects of Fuel Reduction Treatments on Incidence of Phytophthora Species in Soil of a Southern Appalachian Mountain Forest SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID DECLINING OAK TREES; SP-NOV.; LITHOCARPUS-DENSIFLORUS; EUCALYPTUS-MARGINATA; HARDWOOD FOREST; CINNAMOMI; SPP.; RAMORUM; OREGON; SITE AB The National Fire and Fire Surrogate Study was initiated to study the effects of fuel reduction treatments on forest ecosystems. Four fuel reduction treatments were applied to three sites in a southern Appalachian Mountain forest in western North Carolina: prescribed burning, mechanical fuel reduction, mechanical fuel reduction followed by prescribed burning, and a nontreated control. To determine the effects of fuel reduction treatments on Phytophthora spp. in soil, incidences were assessed once before and twice after fuel reduction treatments were applied. Also, the efficiency of the baiting bioassay used to detect species of Phytophthora was evaluated, and the potential virulence of isolates of Phytophthora spp. collected from forest soils was determined. Phytophthora cinnamomi and P heveae were the only two species recovered from the study site. Incidences of these species were not significantly affected by fuel reduction treatments, but incidence of P cinnamomi increased over time. In the baiting bioassay, camellia leaf disks were better than hemlock needles as baits. P. cinnamomi was detected best in fresh soil, whereas P heveae was detected best when soil was air-dried and remoistened prior to baiting. Isolates of P. heveae were weakly virulent and, therefore, potentially pathogenic causing lesions only on wounded mountain laurel and rhododendron leaves; however, isolates of P cinnamomi were virulent and caused root rot and mortality on mountain laurel and white pine plants. C1 [Meadows, I. M.; Zwart, D. C.; Jeffers, S. N.] Clemson Univ, Dept Entomol Soils & Plant Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Waldrop, T. A.] Clemson Univ, USDA, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Bridges, W. C., Jr.] Clemson Univ, Dept Appl Econ & Stat, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Jeffers, SN (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Entomol Soils & Plant Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM sjffrs@clemson.edu FU U.S. Forest Service National Fire Plan; U.S. Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Center for Forest Disturbance Research [SRS-4156]; National Fire and Fire Surrogate Project [188]; CSREES/USDA under Clemson University Experiment Station [SC-1700177, 5823] FX We thank all of those who helped with the various aspects of this project, including laboratory, greenhouse, and field work: L. A. Luszcz, R. B. Baker, M. Smith, E. Robayo-Camacho, F. McLaughlin, E. Sachs, and A. K. Wood. We also thank the USDA Forest Service personnel who established and maintained the study site. This study was supported financially by the Joint Fire Science Program, the U.S. Forest Service National Fire Plan, and the U.S. Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Center for Forest Disturbance Research (SRS-4156). This is Contribution Number 188 of the National Fire and Fire Surrogate Project. This material also is based on work supported by the CSREES/USDA under project number SC-1700177; Technical Contribution No. 5823 of the Clemson University Experiment Station. NR 69 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 95 IS 7 BP 811 EP 820 DI 10.1094/PDIS-07-10-0505 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 780XD UT WOS:000291893300004 ER PT J AU Gregos, J Casler, MD Stier, JC AF Gregos, Jeff Casler, M. D. Stier, J. C. TI Resistance of Closely Mown Fine Fescue and Bentgrass Species to Snow Mold Pathogens SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT CONDITIONS; CREEPING BENTGRASS; TYPHULA-PHACORRHIZA; AGGRESSIVENESS; TURFGRASS; ISOLATE; SPP. AB Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) is the primary species used on golf courses in temperate regions but requires prophylactic fungicide treatment to prevent snow mold diseases. We hypothesized that fine fescues (Festuca spp.) and colonial bentgrass (A. capillaris) have superior resistance to snow mold diseases compared with creeping bentgrass. Our objective was to compare the resistance of fine fescues, colonial bentgrass, and creeping bentgrass to snow mold diseases caused by Microdochium nivale and Typhula spp. Field plots were established in two separate years on fairways of three golf courses in Wisconsin to encompass the geographic distribution of snow mold pathogens. The experimental design was a split-split-split plot arrangement with three replications. Whole plots were pathogen species, host genus were subplots, host cultivars were sub-subplots, and inoculated versus noninoculated treatments were sub-sub-subplots. Plots were visually evaluated each spring for disease, turf quality, and Poa annua infestation. Data were analyzed using planned contrasts. Inoculation effects depended on pathogen type and location. Creeping bentgrass always had the most snow mold damage. Fine fescues had less snow mold damage than colonial bentgrass except for one year location but did not provide acceptable year-long turf quality due to P annua invasion. C1 [Stier, J. C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Gregos, Jeff] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Casler, M. D.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Stier, JC (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jstier@wisc.edu NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 18 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 95 IS 7 BP 847 EP 852 DI 10.1094/PDIS-11-10-0791 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 780XD UT WOS:000291893300009 ER PT J AU Koike, ST Sullivan, MJ Southwick, C Feng, C Correll, JC AF Koike, S. T. Sullivan, M. J. Southwick, C. Feng, C. Correll, J. C. TI Characterization of White Rust of Perennial Pepperweed Caused by Albugo candida in California SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Koike, S. T.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Salinas, CA 93901 USA. [Sullivan, M. J.; Southwick, C.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, CPHST, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Feng, C.; Correll, J. C.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Koike, ST (reprint author), Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Salinas, CA 93901 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 95 IS 7 BP 876 EP 877 DI 10.1094/PDIS-12-10-0912 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 780XD UT WOS:000291893300027 ER PT J AU Sundaraj, S Srinivasan, R Webster, CG Adkins, S Perry, K Riley, D AF Sundaraj, S. Srinivasan, R. Webster, C. G. Adkins, S. Perry, K. Riley, D. TI First Report of Tomato chlorosis virus Infecting Tomato in Georgia SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Sundaraj, S.; Srinivasan, R.; Riley, D.] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Dept Entomol, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Webster, C. G.; Adkins, S.] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Perry, K.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Sundaraj, S (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Dept Entomol, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 95 IS 7 BP 881 EP 881 DI 10.1094/PDIS-02-11-0122 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 780XD UT WOS:000291893300039 ER PT J AU Wisser, RJ Balint-Kurti, PJ Holland, JB AF Wisser, Randall J. Balint-Kurti, Peter J. Holland, James B. TI A novel genetic framework for studying response to artificial selection SO PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES-CHARACTERIZATION AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article DE adaptation; association mapping; plant breeding, quantitative trait; selection ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ZEA-MAYS L; RECURRENT SELECTION; GRAIN-YIELD; MAIZE; POPULATION AB Response to selection is fundamental to plant breeding. To gain insight into the genetic basis of response to selection, we propose a new experimental genetic framework allowing for the identification of trait-specific genomic loci underlying population improvement and the characterization of allelic frequency responses at those loci. This is achieved by employing a sampling scheme for recurrently selected populations that allows for the simultaneous application of genetic association mapping and analysis of allelic frequency change across generations of selection. The combined method unites advantages of the two approaches, permitting the estimation of trait-specific allelic effects by association mapping and the detection of rare favourable alleles by their significant enrichment over generations of selection. Our aim is to develop a framework applicable for many crop species in order to gain a broader and deeper understanding of the genetic architecture of response to artificial selection. C1 [Wisser, Randall J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19717 USA. [Balint-Kurti, Peter J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Balint-Kurti, Peter J.; Holland, James B.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC USA. [Holland, James B.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Wisser, RJ (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19717 USA. EM rjw@udel.edu OI Balint-Kurti, Peter/0000-0002-3916-194X; Holland, James/0000-0002-4341-9675 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2007-35301-18133/19859] FX This research was supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture project 2007-35301-18133/19859. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1479-2621 J9 PLANT GENET RESOUR-C JI Plant Genet. Resour.-Charact. Util. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 9 IS 2 BP 281 EP 283 DI 10.1017/S1479262111000359 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 784XU UT WOS:000292192800034 ER PT J AU Pankin, A Sokolova, E Rogozina, E Kuznetsova, M Deahl, K Jones, R Khavkin, E AF Pankin, Artem Sokolova, Ekaterina Rogozina, Elena Kuznetsova, Maria Deahl, Kenneth Jones, Richard Khavkin, Emil TI Allele mining in the gene pool of wild Solanum species for homologues of late blight resistance gene RB/Rpi-blb1 SO PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES-CHARACTERIZATION AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article DE late blight resistance; Phytophthora infestans; potato; R genes; Solanum spp. ID BROAD-SPECTRUM RESISTANCE; POTATO LATE BLIGHT; PHYTOPHTHORA-INFESTANS; R-GENE; RPI-BLB1; PLANT AB A coiled coil-nucleotide binding site-leucine-rich repeat gene RB/Rpi-blb1 isolated from Solanum bulbocastanum confers broad-spectrum resistance to Phytophthora infestans and is currently employed in potato breeding for durable late blight (LB) resistance. RB homologues were reported in several Solanum species; some of them retained defence function. Here, we report additional evidence on RB-like sequences in 21 Solanum species of the section Petota. The panel of Solanum species was screened with three RB-related PCR markers. RB-like sequences were found in every tested Solanum accession, suggesting universal distribution of RB structural homologues among Solanum genomes, while locus-specific RB-629 was found only in 15 species. Phylogenetic analysis of RB-629 sequences suggested a highly conservative pattern of polymorphisms that was neither species-nor series-specific. Apparently, duplication and evolution of RB-like loci preceded Solanum speciation. Marker presence and particular haplotypes were not immediately associated with high LB resistance. C1 [Pankin, Artem; Sokolova, Ekaterina; Khavkin, Emil] Inst Agr Biotechnol, Moscow, Russia. [Rogozina, Elena] Inst Plant Ind, St Petersburg, Russia. [Kuznetsova, Maria] Inst Phytopathol, Bolshiye Vyazemy, Russia. [Deahl, Kenneth; Jones, Richard] ARS, USDA, Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Pankin, A (reprint author), Inst Agr Biotechnol, Moscow, Russia. EM artem.pankin@yahoo.com RI Кузнецова, Мария/I-8274-2016; OI Кузнецова, Мария/0000-0002-9880-5995; Pankin, Artem/0000-0002-1149-9746 FU ISTC-USDA-ARS [3714p] FX We thank all colleagues who generously provided Solanum germplasm used in this study and the anonymous reviewer for constructive criticisms. The study was supported by the ISTC-USDA-ARS project 3714p. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1479-2621 EI 1479-263X J9 PLANT GENET RESOUR-C JI Plant Genet. Resour.-Charact. Util. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 9 IS 2 BP 305 EP 308 DI 10.1017/S1479262111000414 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 784XU UT WOS:000292192800040 ER PT J AU Huang, YH AF Huang, Yinghua TI Improvement of crop protection against greenbug using the worldwide sorghum germplasm collection and genomics-based approaches SO PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES-CHARACTERIZATION AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article DE DNA microarray; genomics; greenbug aphid; molecular marker; sorghum ID RESISTANCE; MOENCH AB Successful development of new sorghum cultivars and hybrids to ensure sustainable production depends largely on the availability of genetic resources with desirable traits such as pest resistance. Our recent research has focused on improvement of crop protection against greenbugs using the worldwide germplasm collection and genomics-based approaches. First, we conducted the systematic evaluation of a worldwide germplasm collection in order to identify new sources of greenbug resistance. Twenty-one resistant lines were identified, which offered new sources of resistance to sorghum breeding. Molecular markers used to assess the genetic diversity among those resistant lines suggested relatively diverse resistant sources in the sorghum germplasm collection. More recently, a mapping project was executed to associate the resistance genes with sorghum chromosomes. The mapping data indicated one major and a minor quantitative trait loci reside on chromosome 9 and are responsible for resistance to greenbug. In addition, cDNA microarrays were used to monitor greenbug-induced gene expression in sorghum plants. This study has developed a transcriptional profile for sorghum in response to greenbug attack, which provides us with useful molecular information for discovery of greenbug resistance genes and a better understanding of the genetic mechanisms controlling host defences in sorghum. C1 [Huang, Yinghua] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Huang, Yinghua] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Bot, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Huang, YH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Lab, 1301 N Western Rd, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. EM yinghua.huang@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1479-2621 J9 PLANT GENET RESOUR-C JI Plant Genet. Resour.-Charact. Util. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 9 IS 2 BP 317 EP 320 DI 10.1017/S1479262111000633 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 784XU UT WOS:000292192800043 ER PT J AU Hoekenga, OA Lung'aho, MG Tako, E Kochian, LV Glahn, RP AF Hoekenga, Owen A. Lung'aho, Mercy G. Tako, Elad Kochian, Leon V. Glahn, Raymond P. TI Iron biofortification of maize grain SO PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES-CHARACTERIZATION AND UTILIZATION LA English DT Article DE biofortification; Caco-2 bioassay; iron nutrition; maize; quantitative trait loci ID BIOAVAILABILITY; FOOD; MODEL AB Mineral nutrient deficiencies are a worldwide problem that is directly correlated with poverty and food insecurity. The most common of these is iron deficiency; more than one-third of the world's population suffer from iron deficiency-induced anaemia, 80% of which are in developing countries. The consequences of iron deficiency include increased mortality and morbidity rates, diminished cognitive abilities in children and reduced labour productivity, which in turn stagnates national development. The developed world has made tremendous success in alleviating nutrient deficiencies through dietary diversification, food product fortification, improved public health care and supplementation. In developing countries, these strategies are often expensive and difficult to sustain, especially in rural areas. The rural poor typically consume what they grow and are dependent upon a small number of staple crops for the vast majority of their nutrition. Therefore, genetic improvement of staple crops (biofortification) is the most cost-effective and sustainable solution to this global health problem. In this study, we describe a strategy to enhance iron nutritional quality in maize using a human cell culture (Caco-2)-based bioassay as a phenotyping tool to guide genetic analysis of the trait. We also report validation of this approach using an animal feeding study. C1 [Hoekenga, Owen A.; Kochian, Leon V.; Glahn, Raymond P.] ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Lung'aho, Mercy G.; Tako, Elad] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Hoekenga, OA (reprint author), ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM owen.hoekenga@ars.usda.gov OI Kochian, Leon/0000-0003-3416-089X NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 20 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1479-2621 EI 1479-263X J9 PLANT GENET RESOUR-C JI Plant Genet. Resour.-Charact. Util. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 9 IS 2 BP 327 EP 329 DI 10.1017/S1479262111000116 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 784XU UT WOS:000292192800046 ER PT J AU Jauhar, PP AF Jauhar, Prem P. TI Improving Resistance to Scab in Durum Wheat SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA ARS, NDSU, No Crop Sci Lab, State Univ Stn, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Jauhar, PP (reprint author), USDA ARS, NDSU, No Crop Sci Lab, State Univ Stn, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD JUL PY 2011 VL 4 IS 2 BP IV EP V PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 058UZ UT WOS:000312661600002 ER PT J AU Jauhar, PP Peterson, TS AF Jauhar, Prem P. Peterson, Terrance S. TI Cytological and Molecular Characterization of Homoeologous Group-1 Chromosomes in Hybrid Derivatives of a Durum Disomic Alien Addition Line SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article ID STORAGE PROTEIN-ANALYSIS; FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; BREAD WHEAT; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; MARKERS; HYBRIDIZATION; AMPHIPLOIDS; GISH; SSR; MAP AB Earlier, we produced a stable Fusarium head blight (FHB)-tolerant durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) alien disomic addition line, DGE-1 (released in 2008), incorporating chromosome 1E of diploid wheatgrass [Lophopyrum elongatum (Host) A. Love; 2n = 2x = 14; EE]. For stable FHB resistance, the ultimate goal would be to transfer resistance from 1E into the durum chromosome 1A or 1B. Such transfer is more likely to occur when these target chromosomes are in a single dose. Therefore, we crossed DGE-1 with 'Langdon' substitution lines 1D(1A) and 1D(1B) and produced hybrid derivatives with chromosomes 1A, 1B, 1D, and 1E in a single dose. As an important first step, we standardized a method to readily identify these group-1 chromosomes. Multicolor fluorescent genomic in situ hybridization that we standardized earlier is useful for such identification but is tedious and expensive. To identify these chromosomes more expeditiously and economically in a large plant population, we also used chromosome-specific molecular markers and identified each of the group-1 chromosomes. We used marker Xwmc333 to identify chromosome 1A, Xwgm18 for 1B, Xwmc147 for 1D, and Xedm17 for 1E. Xedm17, which profiles chromosome 1E, also generated two characteristic bands for chromosome 1D and may therefore be useful in identifying both chromosomes simultaneously. C1 [Jauhar, Prem P.; Peterson, Terrance S.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Jauhar, PP (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM jauhar@ndsu.edu NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD JUL PY 2011 VL 4 IS 2 BP 102 EP 109 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2011.01.0002 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 058UZ UT WOS:000312661600003 ER PT J AU Chu, Y Wu, CL Holbrook, CC Tillman, BL Person, G Ozias-Akins, P AF Chu, Y. Wu, C. L. Holbrook, C. C. Tillman, B. L. Person, G. Ozias-Akins, P. TI Marker-Assisted Selection to Pyramid Nematode Resistance and the High Oleic Trait in Peanut SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article ID HIGH-OLEATE TRAIT; ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA L.; ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE; DELTA(12)-FATTY ACID DESATURASE; CULTIVATED PEANUT; GERMPLASM LINES; REGISTRATION; MUTATION; GENES; PCR AB The dynamic challenges of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) farming demand a quick response from breeders to develop new cultivars, a process that can be aided by the application of molecular markers. With the goal to pyramid nematode resistance and the trait for high oleic: linoleic acid (high O:L) ratio in seeds, nematode-resistant cultivar Tifguard was used as the recurrent female parent and high O: L cultivars Georgia-02C and Florida-07 were used as donor parents for the high O:L trait. 'Tifguard High O/L' was generated through three rounds of accelerated backcrossing using BCnF1 progenies selected with molecular markers for these two traits as the pollen donors. Selfed BC3F2 plants yielded marker-homozygous individuals identified as Tifguard High O/L, compressing the hybridization and selection phases of the cultivar development process to less than 3 yr. The accuracy of marker-assisted selection (MAS) was confirmed by phenotyping a subset of F-2:3 populations from both parental combinations. Once additional molecular markers linked with traits of interest are designed to be compatible with high-throughput screening platforms, MAS will be more widely integrated into peanut breeding programs. C1 [Chu, Y.; Wu, C. L.; Ozias-Akins, P.] Univ Georgia, Dep Hort, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Holbrook, C. C.] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Tillman, B. L.; Person, G.] Univ Florida, N Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Marianna, FL 32446 USA. RP Ozias-Akins, P (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dep Hort, Tifton Campus, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM pozias@uga.edu FU Georgia Seed Development Commission; University of Georgia Research Foundation; Georgia Peanut Commission FX The authors would like to thank Shannon Atkinson, Jason Golden, Kathy Marchant, Evelyn P. Morgan, and Betty Tyler for technical assistance. This project was funded by the Georgia Seed Development Commission, the University of Georgia Research Foundation Cultivar Development Program, and the Georgia Peanut Commission. NR 46 TC 34 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 10 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD JUL PY 2011 VL 4 IS 2 BP 110 EP 117 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2011.01.0001 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 058UZ UT WOS:000312661600004 ER PT J AU Asoro, FG Newell, MA Beavis, WD Scott, MP Jannink, JL AF Asoro, Franco G. Newell, Mark A. Beavis, William D. Scott, M. Paul Jannink, Jean-Luc TI Accuracy and Training Population Design for Genomic Selection on Quantitative Traits in Elite North American Oats SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article ID GENETIC-RELATIONSHIP INFORMATION; BREEDING VALUES; MOLECULAR MARKERS; BETA-GLUCAN; ASSOCIATION; PREDICTION; IMPACT; PERFORMANCE; PEDIGREE; CATTLE AB Genomic selection (GS) is a method to estimate the breeding values of individuals by using markers throughout the genome. We evaluated the accuracies of GS using data from five traits on 446 oat (Avena sativa L.) lines genotyped with 1005 Diversity Array Technology (DArT) markers and two GS methods (ridge regression-best linear unbiased prediction [RR-BLUP] and BayesCp) under various training designs. Our objectives were to (i) determine accuracy under increasing marker density and training population size, (ii) assess accuracies when data is divided over time, and (iii) examine accuracy in the presence of population structure. Accuracy increased as the number of markers and training size become larger. Including older lines in the training population increased or maintained accuracy, indicating that older generations retained information useful for predicting validation populations. The presence of population structure affected accuracy: when training and validation subpopulations were closely related accuracy was greater than when they were distantly related, implying that linkage disequilibrium (LD) relationships changed across subpopulations. Across many scenarios involving large training populations, the accuracy of BayesCp and RR-BLUP did not differ. This empirical study provided evidence regarding the application of GS to hasten the delivery of cultivars through the use of inexpensive and abundant molecular markers available to the public sector. C1 [Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Dep Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Scott, M. Paul] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Dep Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Asoro, Franco G.; Newell, Mark A.; Beavis, William D.] Iowa State Univ, Dep Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Jannink, JL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Dep Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jeanluc.jannink@ars.usda.gov RI Scott, M./E-3291-2010 FU United States Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-55301-18746] FX This research was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, grant 2008-55301-18746. We thank Adrienne Moran Lauter for laboratory work and Nick Tinker and Charlene Wight for providing oat pedigree data. NR 45 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 31 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD JUL PY 2011 VL 4 IS 2 BP 132 EP 144 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2011.02.0007 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 058UZ UT WOS:000312661600006 ER PT J AU Hamblin, MT Jannink, JL AF Hamblin, Martha T. Jannink, Jean-Luc TI Factors Affecting the Power of Haplotype Markers in Association Studies SO PLANT GENOME LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; COMPLEX TRAITS; GENOME; PROPORTIONS; MODEL AB An important, unresolved question in genome-wide association studies is whether there are predictable differences in power between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and haplotype markers. In this study, we use coalescent simulations to compare power for single-SNP and haplotype markers under a number of different models of demographic history and trait genetic architecture. We find that, across a range of plausible scenarios, the average power of 2- and 3-SNP haplotype markers to detect a quantitative trait locus (QTL) exceeds that of single-SNP markers. The average increase in power is greater when a QTL is due to more than one polymorphism, when the population has experienced a bottleneck, and/or when marker SNPs are ascertained. These results are particularly relevant to applications where populations have experienced bottlenecks and marker density is low. C1 [Hamblin, Martha T.] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Hamblin, MT (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, 156 Biotechnol Bldg, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM mth3@cornell.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-85606-05701] FX M.T. Hamblin, Institute for Genomic Diversity, 156 Biotechnology Bldg., Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY 14853; J.L. Jannink, USDA ARS, R.W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY 14853. This work was supported by United States Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture Grant No. 2009-85606-05701, "Barley Coordinated Agricultural Project: Leveraging Genomics, Genetics, and Breeding for Gene Discovery and Barley Improvement." Received 9 Mar. 2011. starCorresponding author (mth3@cornell.edu). NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1940-3372 J9 PLANT GENOME-US JI Plant Genome PD JUL PY 2011 VL 4 IS 2 BP 145 EP 153 DI 10.3835/plantgenome2011.03.0008 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity SC Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 058UZ UT WOS:000312661600007 ER PT J AU Cheng, LY Bucciarelli, B Shen, JB Allan, D Vance, CP AF Cheng, Lingyun Bucciarelli, Bruna Shen, Jianbo Allan, Deborah Vance, Carroll P. TI Update on White Lupin Cluster Root Acclimation to Phosphorus Deficiency SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSES; INDUCED GENE-EXPRESSION; NITRIC-OXIDE; TRANSCRIPTION-FACTOR; PROTEOID ROOTS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; ENHANCED EXPRESSION; PLANT-RESPONSES; ALBUS L.; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY C1 [Cheng, Lingyun; Bucciarelli, Bruna; Vance, Carroll P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Allan, Deborah] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Cheng, Lingyun; Shen, Jianbo] China Agr Univ, Dept Plant Nutr, Key Lab Plant Soil Interact, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Bucciarelli, Bruna; Vance, Carroll P.] ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Vance, CP (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM carroll.vance@ars.usda.gov NR 93 TC 30 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 30 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 156 IS 3 BP 1025 EP 1032 DI 10.1104/pp.111.175174 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 786HH UT WOS:000292294100006 PM 21464472 ER PT J AU Cheng, LY Bucciarelli, B Liu, JQ Zinn, K Miller, S Patton-Vogt, J Allan, D Shen, JB Vance, CP AF Cheng, Lingyun Bucciarelli, Bruna Liu, Junqi Zinn, Kelly Miller, Susan Patton-Vogt, Jana Allan, Deborah Shen, Jianbo Vance, Carroll P. TI White Lupin Cluster Root Acclimation to Phosphorus Deficiency and Root Hair Development Involve Unique Glycerophosphodiester Phosphodiesterases SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HIGHER-PLANT CELLS; INDUCED GENE-EXPRESSION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PROTEOID ROOTS; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; PHOSPHATE DEFICIENCY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ACID-PHOSPHATASE; ALBUS L.; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AB White lupin (Lupinus albus) is a legume that is very efficient in accessing unavailable phosphorus (Pi). It develops short, densely clustered tertiary lateral roots (cluster/proteoid roots) in response to Pi limitation. In this report, we characterize two glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (GPX-PDE) genes (GPX-PDE1 and GPX-PDE2) from white lupin and propose a role for these two GPX-PDEs in root hair growth and development and in a Pi stress-induced phospholipid degradation pathway in cluster roots. Both GPX-PDE1 and GPX-PDE2 are highly expressed in Pi-deficient cluster roots, particularly in root hairs, epidermal cells, and vascular bundles. Expression of both genes is a function of both Pi availability and photosynthate. GPX-PDE1 Pi deficiency-induced expression is attenuated as photosynthate is deprived, while that of GPX-PDE2 is strikingly enhanced. Yeast complementation assays and in vitro enzyme assays revealed that GPX-PDE1 shows catalytic activity with glycerophosphocholine while GPX-PDE2 shows highest activity with glycerophosphoinositol. Cell-free protein extracts from Pi-deficient cluster roots display GPX-PDE enzyme activity for both glycerophosphocholine and glycerophosphoinositol. Knockdown of expression of GPX-PDE through RNA interference resulted in impaired root hair development and density. We propose that white lupin GPX-PDE1 and GPX-PDE2 are involved in the acclimation to Pi limitation by enhancing glycerophosphodiester degradation and mediating root hair development. C1 [Cheng, Lingyun; Bucciarelli, Bruna; Liu, Junqi; Miller, Susan; Vance, Carroll P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Liu, Junqi; Zinn, Kelly; Allan, Deborah] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Cheng, Lingyun; Shen, Jianbo] China Agr Univ, Dept Plant Nutr, Key Lab Plant Soil Interact, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Bucciarelli, Bruna; Miller, Susan; Vance, Carroll P.] ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Patton-Vogt, Jana] Duquesne Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15282 USA. RP Vance, CP (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM carroll.vance@ars.usda.gov FU Natural Science Foundation of China [30925024, 30890131, 30871591, 30821003]; Ministry of Education of China; China Scholarship Council; U.S. Department of Agriculture [CRIS 3640-21000-024, 2005-35100-16002-00D] FX This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 30925024, 30890131, 30871591, and 30821003), by the 111 Project of the Ministry of Education of China (Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities), by a scholarship from the China Scholarship Council, and by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (Agricultural Research Service grant no. CRIS 3640-21000-024-00D and National Research Initiative Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service grant no. 2005-35100-16002). NR 119 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 156 IS 3 BP 1131 EP 1148 DI 10.1104/pp.111.173724 PG 18 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 786HH UT WOS:000292294100016 PM 21464471 ER PT J AU Tsai, H Howell, T Nitcher, R Missirian, V Watson, B Ngo, KJ Lieberman, M Fass, J Uauy, C Tran, RK Khan, AA Filkov, V Tai, TH Dubcovsky, J Comai, L AF Tsai, Helen Howell, Tyson Nitcher, Rebecca Missirian, Victor Watson, Brian Ngo, Kathie J. Lieberman, Meric Fass, Joseph Uauy, Cristobal Tran, Robert K. Khan, Asif Ali Filkov, Vladimir Tai, Thomas H. Dubcovsky, Jorge Comai, Luca TI Discovery of Rare Mutations in Populations: TILLING by Sequencing SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLEX AMPLIFICATION; DNA; WHEAT; VARIANTS; SAMPLES; RICE AB Discovery of rare mutations in populations requires methods, such as TILLING (for Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes), for processing and analyzing many individuals in parallel. Previous TILLING protocols employed enzymatic or physical discrimination of heteroduplexed from homoduplexed target DNA. Using mutant populations of rice (Oryza sativa) and wheat (Triticum durum), we developed a method based on Illumina sequencing of target genes amplified from multidimensionally pooled templates representing 768 individuals per experiment. Parallel processing of sequencing libraries was aided by unique tracer sequences and barcodes allowing flexibility in the number and pooling arrangement of targeted genes, species, and pooling scheme. Sequencing reads were processed and aligned to the reference to identify possible single-nucleotide changes, which were then evaluated for frequency, sequencing quality, intersection pattern in pools, and statistical relevance to produce a Bayesian score with an associated confidence threshold. Discovery was robust both in rice and wheat using either bidimensional or tridimensional pooling schemes. The method compared favorably with other molecular and computational approaches, providing high sensitivity and specificity. C1 [Tsai, Helen; Howell, Tyson; Watson, Brian; Ngo, Kathie J.; Lieberman, Meric; Tran, Robert K.; Khan, Asif Ali; Comai, Luca] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tsai, Helen; Howell, Tyson; Watson, Brian; Ngo, Kathie J.; Lieberman, Meric; Fass, Joseph; Tran, Robert K.; Khan, Asif Ali; Comai, Luca] Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Nitcher, Rebecca; Uauy, Cristobal; Tai, Thomas H.; Dubcovsky, Jorge] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Missirian, Victor; Filkov, Vladimir] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tai, Thomas H.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Comai, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM lcomai@ucdavis.edu RI Comai, Luca/F-4279-2010; Uauy, Cristobal/B-7912-2014; Dubcovsky, Jorge/A-4969-2008; OI Comai, Luca/0000-0003-2642-6619; Uauy, Cristobal/0000-0002-9814-1770; Dubcovsky, Jorge/0000-0002-7571-4345; Howell, Tyson/0000-0002-6661-9151 FU National Science Foundation [DBI-0822383] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (Plant Genome award no. DBI-0822383). NR 26 TC 87 Z9 92 U1 4 U2 43 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 156 IS 3 BP 1257 EP 1268 DI 10.1104/pp.110.169748 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 786HH UT WOS:000292294100025 PM 21531898 ER PT J AU Culumber, CM Larson, SR Jensen, KB Jones, TA AF Culumber, C. Mae Larson, Steven R. Jensen, Kevin B. Jones, Thomas A. TI Genetic structure of Eurasian and North American Leymus (Triticeae) wildryes assessed by chloroplast DNA sequences and AFLP profiles SO PLANT SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Triticeae; Chloroplast; AFLP; Leymus; Nucleotide sequence divergence; Hybrid species ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCES; SPECIES POACEAE; GENOME; MARKERS; MITOCHONDRIAL; DIVERSITY; PSEUDOROEGNERIA AB Leymus is a genomically defined allopolyploid of genus Triticeae with two distinct subgenomes. Chloroplast DNA sequences of Eurasian and North American species are distinct and polyphyletic. However, phylogenies derived from chloroplast and nuclear DNA sequences are confounded by polyploidy and lack of polymorphism among many taxa. The AFLP technique can resolve phylogenetic relationships between closely related species, with a curvilinear relationship expected between the proportion of shared bands and nucleotide substitution rate (D), up to about 0.100 D. The objective of this study was to compare D and phylogenetic relationships among 16 Leymus taxa, based on chloroplast DNA sequences and multi-locus AFLP genotypes. Estimates of chloroplast D between taxa were 0.002 and 0.013 within and among continental regions, respectively. Estimates of AFLP D between taxa were 0.076 and 0.093 compared within and between continental regions, respectively, versus 0.024 within taxa. Bayesian and neighbor-joining cluster analyses effectively separated all AFLP genotypes by species, but showed that North American L. ambiguus is a hybrid species with nearly equal contributions from sympatric L. cinereus and L. salinus taxa. Two hierarchical AFLP clades, containing six North American taxa and four Eurasian taxa, had more than 98% bootstrap confidence with 0.071 and 0.055 D among taxa. Three other Eurasian taxa clustered with 79% and 89% confidence, with up to 0.79 D between taxa. These estimates provide benchmarks for phylogenetic comparisons of AFLP profiles, but three taxa could not be reliably grouped, which may reflect concurrent radiation of multiple lineages or lack of homologous AFLP characters caused by a high D. C1 [Larson, Steven R.; Jensen, Kevin B.; Jones, Thomas A.] Utah State Univ, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Culumber, C. Mae] Utah State Univ, Plants Soils & Climatol Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Larson, SR (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Steve.Larson@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Interior; Bureau of Land Management; Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project FX This work was supported in part by the US Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management, Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project. NR 49 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0378-2697 EI 1615-6110 J9 PLANT SYST EVOL JI Plant Syst. Evol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 294 IS 3-4 BP 207 EP 225 DI 10.1007/s00606-011-0455-x PG 19 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA 782XH UT WOS:000292045600007 ER PT J AU Listopad, CMCS Drake, JB Masters, RE Weishampel, JF AF Listopad, Claudia M. C. S. Drake, Jason B. Masters, Ron. E. Weishampel, John F. TI Portable and Airborne Small Footprint LiDAR: Forest Canopy Structure Estimation of Fire Managed Plots SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE PALS; portable LiDAR; ground-based LiDAR; forest structure; 3-D structure ID GROUND-BASED LIDAR; LASER ALTIMETER; SCANNING LIDAR; AREA DENSITY; GAP FRACTION; PARAMETERS; HEIGHT; ECHIDNA(R); RETRIEVAL; PROFILES AB This study used an affordable ground-based portable LiDAR system to provide an understanding of the structural differences between old-growth and secondary-growth Southeastern pine. It provided insight into the strengths and weaknesses in the structural determination of portable systems in contrast to airborne LiDAR systems. Portable LiDAR height profiles and derived metrics and indices (e. g., canopy cover, canopy height) were compared among plots with different fire frequency and fire season treatments within secondary forest and old growth plots. The treatments consisted of transitional season fire with four different return intervals: 1-yr, 2-yr, 3-yr fire return intervals, and fire suppressed plots. The remaining secondary plots were treated using a 2-yr late dormant season fire cycle. The old growth plots were treated using a 2-yr growing season fire cycle. Airborne and portable LiDAR derived canopy cover were consistent throughout the plots, with significantly higher canopy cover values found in 3-yr and fire suppressed plots. Portable LiDAR height profile and metrics presented a higher sensitivity in capturing subcanopy elements than the airborne system, particularly in dense canopy plots. The 3-dimensional structures of the secondary plots with varying fire return intervals were dramatically different to old-growth plots, where a symmetrical distribution with clear recruitment was visible. Portable LiDAR, even though limited to finer spatial scales and specific biases, is a low-cost investment with clear value for the management of forest canopy structure. C1 [Listopad, Claudia M. C. S.; Weishampel, John F.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Biol, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Drake, Jason B.] US Forest Serv, Natl Forests Florida, USDA, Tallahassee, FL 32303 USA. [Masters, Ron. E.] Tall Timbers Res Stn, Tallahassee, FL 32312 USA. RP Listopad, CMCS (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Biol, 4000 Cent Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM clistopad@knights.ucf.edu; jasondrake@fs.fed.us; rmasters@ttrs.org; jweisham@mail.ucf.edu FU NASA [NG04GO52G] FX This research was financially supported by NASA New Investigator Program grant (NG04GO52G). NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 14 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 3 IS 7 BP 1284 EP 1307 DI 10.3390/rs3071284 PG 24 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 978NP UT WOS:000306750300001 ER PT J AU Main-Knorn, M Moisen, GG Healey, SP Keeton, WS Freeman, EA Hostert, P AF Main-Knorn, Magdalena Moisen, Gretchen G. Healey, Sean P. Keeton, William S. Freeman, Elizabeth A. Hostert, Patrick TI Evaluating the Remote Sensing and Inventory-Based Estimation of Biomass in the Western Carpathians SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE aboveground biomass; forest carbon; Random Forests; forest inventory; Picea abies; Carpathian Mountains; Landsat ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; FOREST BIOPHYSICAL STRUCTURE; NORWAY SPRUCE; LAND-USE; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; CENTRAL-EUROPE; BOREAL FOREST; UNITED-STATES; SATELLITE; CLIMATE AB Understanding the potential of forest ecosystems as global carbon sinks requires a thorough knowledge of forest carbon dynamics, including both sequestration and fluxes among multiple pools. The accurate quantification of biomass is important to better understand forest productivity and carbon cycling dynamics. Stand-based inventories (SBIs) are widely used for quantifying forest characteristics and for estimating biomass, but information may quickly become outdated in dynamic forest environments. Satellite remote sensing may provide a supplement or substitute. We tested the accuracy of aboveground biomass estimates modeled from a combination of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery and topographic data, as well as SBI-derived variables in a Picea abies forest in the Western Carpathian Mountains. We employed Random Forests for non-parametric, regression tree-based modeling. Results indicated a difference in the importance of SBI-based and remote sensing-based predictors when estimating aboveground biomass. The most accurate models for biomass prediction ranged from a correlation coefficient of 0.52 for the TM- and topography-based model, to 0.98 for the inventory-based model. While Landsat-based biomass estimates were measurably less accurate than those derived from SBI, adding tree height or stand-volume as a field-based predictor to TM and topography-based models increased performance to 0.36 and 0.86, respectively. Our results illustrate the potential of spectral data to reveal spatial details in stand structure and ecological complexity. C1 [Main-Knorn, Magdalena; Hostert, Patrick] Humboldt Univ, Geomat Lab, Dept Geog, D-10099 Berlin, Germany. [Moisen, Gretchen G.; Healey, Sean P.; Freeman, Elizabeth A.] USFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. [Keeton, William S.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Main-Knorn, M (reprint author), Humboldt Univ, Geomat Lab, Dept Geog, Unter Linden 6, D-10099 Berlin, Germany. EM magdalena.main@geo.hu-berlin.de; gmoisen@fs.fed.us; seanhealey@fs.fed.us; wkeeton@uvm.edu; eafreeman@fs.fed.us; patrick.hostert@geo.hu-berlin.de FU Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin; USFS-Rocky Mountain Research Station in Ogden, UT, USA FX This study was supported by the Berlin Young Scientists Scholarship Fund (NaFoG), Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, and the USFS-Rocky Mountain Research Station in Ogden, UT, USA. We would like to thank The State Forests National Forest Holding in Poland, and Z. Spendel from Biuro Urzadzania Lasu i Geodezji Lesnej for their generous provision of data. We are grateful to P. Strzelinski, J. Knorn, E. Diermayer, A. Damm and students from Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, as well as the Wegierska Gorka, Wisla and Ujsoly Forest Districts for their support during the field campaigns. Two anonymous reviewers contributed valuable comments. NR 58 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 25 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 3 IS 7 BP 1427 EP 1446 DI 10.3390/rs3071427 PG 20 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 978NP UT WOS:000306750300008 ER PT J AU Parsons, MC Jones, TA Monaco, TA AF Parsons, Matthew C. Jones, Thomas A. Monaco, Thomas A. TI Genetic Variation for Adaptive Traits in Bottlebrush Squirreltail in the Northern Intermountain West, United States SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adaptation; elevation; Elymus elymoides; functional traits; specific leaf area; specific root length ID RELATIVE GROWTH-RATE; FALSE DISCOVERY RATE; FUNCTIONAL TRAITS; ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES; PLANT TRAITS; LEAF-AREA; GRASS; PRODUCTIVITY; DIVERSITY; ENVIRONMENTS AB Adaptive-trait correlations in plant ecology are often calculated among species, but in order to develop and characterize plant materials of target species for restoration, intraspecific comparisons are of greatest relevance. Elymus elymoides (Raf.) Swezey (bottlebrush squirreltail) is an important component of sagebrush-steppe communities in the northern Intermountain West, United States. We evaluated 32 accessions of E. elymoides subspecies C, a newly recognized unnamed taxon, in the field and greenhouse. Our objectives were to assess genetic diversity for putatively adaptive traits, to elucidate biological relationships among biomass, morphological, and phenological traits through correlation analysis, and to gather evidence suggesting whether these traits might be truly adaptive, that is, related to collection-site variables. We observed a positive correlation (r = 0.73; p < 0.01) between greenhouse shoot and root biomass among accessions, suggesting that shoot and root biomass are not in an inherent trade-off relationship across accessions. In addition, accessions with higher greenhouse shoot biomass possessed lower specific leaf area (r = -0.43; p < 0.05) and lower specific root length (r = -0.47, p < 0.05). Correlations between greenhouse and field-measured productivity traits were not significant (p > 0.05), indicating seedling performance is not predictive of mature-plant performance. Elevation was the collection-site variable most closely correlated with plant-measured traits, particularly phenological dates, whereas average annual precipitation was the least significant variable. Therefore, elevation may be used as an easily applied metric to match subspecies C plant material to restoration site in the northern Intermountain West. C1 [Parsons, Matthew C.; Jones, Thomas A.; Monaco, Thomas A.] Utah State Univ, Forage & Range Res Lab, ARS, USDA, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Jones, TA (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Forage & Range Res Lab, ARS, USDA, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Thomas.Jones@ars.usda.gov FU Bureau of Land Management; United States Forest Service through the Great Basin Native Plant Selection; Increase Project FX We would like to thank the many helpers and collaborators who had a hand in making this study possible. For their invaluable advisement and encouragement, we thank USU professors, Christopher Call and Gene Schupp. We greatly appreciate the assistance with data collection of fellow graduate students, Brian Bell, Jayanti Mukherjee, and Chad Oukrup, and field and lab technicians, Tren Hagman and Devin Vincent. For his GIS and map-making assistance, we thank Andrew Rayburn. Appreciation is also extended to Jeremy James for his review of an early draft of the manuscript. Lastly, this research would have been impossible without the assistance of USDA-ARS personnel Dale Nielson and Justin Williams. Research funding was provided in part by the Bureau of Land Management and the United States Forest Service through the Great Basin Native Plant Selection and Increase Project. NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1061-2971 J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 19 IS 4 BP 460 EP 469 DI 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2010.00705.x PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 785CU UT WOS:000292205800006 ER PT J AU Holl, KD Zahawi, RA Cole, RJ Ostertag, R Cordell, S AF Holl, Karen D. Zahawi, Rakan A. Cole, Rebecca J. Ostertag, Rebecca Cordell, Susan TI Planting Seedlings in Tree Islands Versus Plantations as a Large-Scale Tropical Forest Restoration Strategy SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Costa Rica; nucleation; premontane forest; reforestation; seedling growth ID FALSE DISCOVERY RATE; COSTA-RICA; RAIN-FOREST; TERMINALIA-AMAZONIA; ABANDONED PASTURE; LEGUME TREES; EARLY GROWTH; LAND-USE; SOIL; PERFORMANCE AB Planting tree seedlings in small patches (islands) has been proposed as a method to facilitate forest recovery that is less expensive than planting large areas and better simulates the nucleation process of recovery. We planted seedlings of four tree species at 12 formerly agricultural sites in southern Costa Rica in two designs: plantation (entire 50 x 50 m area planted) and island (six patches of three sizes). We monitored seedling survival, height, and canopy area over 3 years. To elucidate mechanisms influencing survival and growth, we measured soil and foliar nutrients, soil compaction, and photosynthesis. Survival of all species was similar in the two planting designs. Seedling height and canopy area were greater in plantations than islands at most sites, and more seedlings in islands decreased in height due to damage incurred during plot maintenance. Survival, height, and canopy area were both site- and species-specific with the two N-fixing species (Inga edulis and Erythrina poeppigiana) greater than the other species (Terminalia amazonia and Vochysia guatemalensis). Foliar N was higher in Terminalia and Vochysia in sites where Inga growth was greater. Soil nutrients, however, explained a small amount of the large differences in growth across sites. Leaf mass per area was higher in islands, and P use efficiency was higher in plantations. Our results show advantages (good seedling survival, cheaper) and disadvantages (more seedling damage, slightly lower growth) to the island planting design. Our study highlights the importance of replicating restoration strategies at several sites to make widespread management recommendations. C1 [Holl, Karen D.; Cole, Rebecca J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Zahawi, Rakan A.] Org Trop Studies, San Vito De Coto Brus, Costa Rica. [Ostertag, Rebecca] Univ Hawaii, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Cordell, Susan] Inst Pacific Islands Forestry, USDA Forest Serv, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Holl, KD (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Environm Studies, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM kholl@ucsc.edu RI Ostertag, Rebecca/B-1756-2013; Holl, Karen/D-8033-2014; Zahawi, Rakan/N-1028-2014 OI Holl, Karen/0000-0003-2893-6161; Zahawi, Rakan/0000-0002-5678-2967 FU NSF [DEB 05-15577, LSAMP 05-03308]; Earthwatch Foundation FX We are grateful for field research help from A. Brown, I. Cadiente, H. Cringan, R. Gomez, J. Gritts, C. Keene, E. Morrison, J. L. Reid, J. A. Rosales, G. Sady, J. Schulten, N. Stiffarm, and many other students and Earthwatch volunteers. B. Ferguson, G. Gilbert, and J. L. Reid provided helpful comments on earlier drafts of this article. Financial support for this project was provided by NSF grant (DEB 05-15577), the Earthwatch Foundation, and undergraduate field assistance from the NSF-sponsored NAPIRE (Native American and Pacific Islander Research Experience) program (LSAMP 05-03308). NR 60 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 3 U2 63 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1061-2971 J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 19 IS 4 BP 470 EP 479 DI 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2010.00674.x PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 785CU UT WOS:000292205800007 ER PT J AU Meador, AJS Parysow, PF Moore, MM AF Meador, Andrew J. Sanchez Parysow, Pablo F. Moore, Margaret M. TI A New Method for Delineating Tree Patches and Assessing Spatial Reference Conditions of Ponderosa Pine Forests in Northern Arizona SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Arizona; G. A. Pearson; presettlement; Pinus ponderosa; spatial reference conditions; T. S. Woolsey; Jr.; tree patches; Woolsey plots ID ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION TREATMENTS; OLD-GROWTH; UNITED-STATES; PATTERN; STAND; REGENERATION; RECONSTRUCTION; POPULATIONS; COMPETITION; VEGETATION AB Multiscale spatial patterns of forest reference conditions offer insight on how historical and environmental processes have influenced forest stand dynamics. Yet, spatial information is often either unavailable or partial, because many studies provide nonspatial reference condition information, whereas others only report the local (i.e. observed at plot extent) spatial arrangement of trees. However, knowledge of multiscaled spatial patterns, including stand-, amongpatch-, and within-patch-level patterns, is needed to ensure that forest management strategies suit a wide range of objectives in ecosystem restoration. In this study, we propose a new framework for delineating tree patches based on common stand attributes. We found that patch reference conditions for presettlement ponderosa pine in northern Arizona ranged from 10 to 27 patches/ha, accounted for 62-75% of the total historic stand basal area (m(2)/ha) and varied in size from 0.01 to 0.15 ha. Lastly, discussion was made on the importance of using a patch-delineation framework, such as the one proposed in this study, as a basis for quantifying stand- and patch-level patterns of reconstructed presettlement and current forest conditions and how this information should guide spatially explicit restoration management (e.g. thinning prescriptions). C1 [Meador, Andrew J. Sanchez; Parysow, Pablo F.; Moore, Margaret M.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Meador, AJS (reprint author), Forest Management Serv Ctr, US Forest Serv, 3463 Las Palomas Rd, Alamogordo, NM 88310 USA. EM asanchezmeador@fs.fed.us OI Sanchez Meador, Andrew/0000-0003-4238-8587 FU USFS RMRS [28-JV7-939]; U.S. Department of Agriculture National Research Initiative Competitive [2003-35101-12919]; NAU School of Forestry FX We thank S. Olberding, historian and archivist, U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station (USFS RMRS), Flagstaff, AZ for her work locating historical documents, ledger data, and maps. We acknowledge field and laboratory assistance of many people in the Ecological Restoration Institute at Northern Arizona University (NAU), especially Steve Blazewicz, Steve Buckley, Jake Dyer, Eve Gilbert, Dave Huffman, Ethan Hulme, Don Normandin, Sanjeev Pandey, Kristina Rask, Lauren Shapiro, Aaron Wilkerson, Ben De Blois, Danielle Gift, and Nevin Yepa. We are indebted to G. A. Pearson and T. S. Woolsey, Jr., who had the foresight to establish these permanent plots as well as map and record the forest structure between 1909 and 1913. USFS RMRS Research Joint Venture Agreement 28-JV7-939, U.S. Department of Agriculture National Research Initiative Competitive Grant 2003-35101-12919, and an NAU School of Forestry McIntire-Stennis grant supported this research. NR 60 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1061-2971 EI 1526-100X J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 19 IS 4 BP 490 EP 499 DI 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2010.00652.x PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 785CU UT WOS:000292205800009 ER PT J AU Fathelrahman, EM Ascough, JC Hoag, DL Malone, RW Heilman, P Wiles, LJ Kanwar, RS AF Fathelrahman, Eihab M. Ascough, James C., II Hoag, Dana L. Malone, Robert W. Heilman, Philip Wiles, Lori J. Kanwar, Ramesh S. TI Continuum of Risk Analysis Methods to Assess Tillage System Sustainability at the Experimental Plot Level SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE agriculture; tillage systems; stochastic dominance; economic budgeting; risk analysis; sustainability AB This study applied a broad continuum of risk analysis methods including mean-variance and coefficient of variation (CV) statistical criteria, second-degree stochastic dominance (SSD), stochastic dominance with respect to a function (SDRF), and stochastic efficiency with respect to a function (SERF) for comparing income-risk efficiency sustainability of conventional and reduced tillage systems. Fourteen years (1990-2003) of economic budget data derived from 35 treatments on 36 experimental plots under corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) at the Iowa State University Northeast Research Station near Nashua, IA, USA were used. In addition to the other analyses, a visually-based Stoplight or "probability of target value" procedure was employed for displaying gross margin and net return probability distribution information. Mean-variance and CV analysis of the economic measures alone provided somewhat contradictive and inconclusive sustainability rankings, i.e., corn/soybean gross margin and net return showed that different tillage system alternatives were the highest ranked depending on the criterion and type of crop. Stochastic dominance analysis results were similar for SSD and SDRF in that both the conventional and reduced tillage system alternatives were highly ranked depending on the type of crop and tillage system. For the SERF analysis, results were dependent on the type of crop and level of risk aversion. The conventional tillage system was preferred for both corn and soybean for the Stoplight analysis. The results of this study are unique in that they highlight the potential of both traditional stochastic dominance and SERF methods for distinguishing economically sustainable choices between different tillage systems across a range of risk aversion. This study also indicates that the SERF risk analysis method appears to be a useful and easily understood tool to assist farm managers, experimental researchers, and potentially policy makers and advisers on problems involving agricultural risk and sustainability. C1 [Fathelrahman, Eihab M.] APHIS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Ascough, James C., II] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Hoag, Dana L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Malone, Robert W.] ARS, USDA, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Heilman, Philip] ARS, USDA, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Wiles, Lori J.] ARS, USDA, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Kanwar, Ramesh S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Ascough, JC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 200, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM jim.ascough@ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 7 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2071-1050 J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL JI Sustainability PD JUL PY 2011 VL 3 IS 7 BP 1035 EP 1063 DI 10.3390/su3071035 PG 29 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V29QR UT WOS:000208763400008 ER PT J AU Guo, BZ Fedorova, ND Chen, XP Wan, CH Wang, W Nierman, WC Bhatnagar, D Yu, JJ AF Guo, Baozhu Fedorova, Natalie D. Chen, Xiaoping Wan, Chun-Hua Wang, Wei Nierman, William C. Bhatnagar, Deepak Yu, Jiujiang TI Gene Expression Profiling and Identification of Resistance Genes to Aspergillus flavus Infection in Peanut through EST and Microarray Strategies SO TOXINS LA English DT Article DE EST; microarray; gene profiling; peanut-fungus interaction; resistance genes; Aspergillus flavus; A. parasiticus; metarep ID CORN TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA; AFLATOXIN BIOSYNTHESIS; PARASITICUS INFECTION; CULTIVATED PEANUT; SEQUENCE TAGS; LIPOXYGENASE; GENOTYPES; PROTEIN; MAIZE AB Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus infect peanut seeds and produce aflatoxins, which are associated with various diseases in domestic animals and humans throughout the world. The most cost-effective strategy to minimize aflatoxin contamination involves the development of peanut cultivars that are resistant to fungal infection and/or aflatoxin production. To identify peanut Aspergillus-interactive and peanut Aspergillus-resistance genes, we carried out a large scale peanut Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) project which we used to construct a peanut glass slide oligonucleotide microarray. The fabricated microarray represents over 40% of the protein coding genes in the peanut genome. For expression profiling, resistant and susceptible peanut cultivars were infected with a mixture of Aspergillus flavus and parasiticus spores. The subsequent microarray analysis identified 62 genes in resistant cultivars that were up-expressed in response to Aspergillus infection. In addition, we identified 22 putative Aspergillus-resistance genes that were constitutively up-expressed in the resistant cultivar in comparison to the susceptible cultivar. Some of these genes were homologous to peanut, corn, and soybean genes that were previously shown to confer resistance to fungal infection. This study is a first step towards a comprehensive genome-scale platform for developing Aspergillus-resistant peanut cultivars through targeted marker-assisted breeding and genetic engineering. C1 [Bhatnagar, Deepak; Yu, Jiujiang] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Guo, Baozhu] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Fedorova, Natalie D.; Wan, Chun-Hua; Wang, Wei; Nierman, William C.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Chen, Xiaoping] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Chen, Xiaoping] Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Crops Res Inst, Guangzhou 510640, Peoples R China. [Nierman, William C.] George Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Yu, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, POB 19687, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Baozhu.guo@ars.usda.gov; nfedorova@jcvi.org; xpchen1011@gmail.com; cwan@jcvi.org; wwang@jcvi.org; wnierman@jcvi.org; deepak.bhatnagar@ars.usda.gov; Jiujiang.yu@ars.usda.gov RI Abrams, Natalie/F-4845-2011 OI Abrams, Natalie/0000-0001-9698-2819 FU USDA Specific Cooperative Agreement [58-6602-6-121]; University of Georgia; Peanut Foundation; Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission FX We would like to thank Billy Wilson and Jake Fountain for technical assistance in the field and the laboratory. The sequencing was done at the U.S. Horticultural Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Fort Pierce, Florida. We thank Huiping Chen for assistance in cDNA library construction and clone preparation for sequencing and Charles Sun of JCVI for sequence clean up, assembly, and oligonucleotide and microarray design. We thank Yan Yu from the JCVI for her superb technical assistance for microarray printing. This research was supported by USDA Specific Cooperative Agreement 58-6602-6-121 with the University of Georgia, and partially supported by funds provided by Peanut Foundation and Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission for peanut. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 29 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 10 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD JUL PY 2011 VL 3 IS 7 BP 737 EP 753 DI 10.3390/toxins3070737 PG 17 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 995AS UT WOS:000307978600001 PM 22069737 ER PT J AU Warburton, ML Williams, WP Hawkins, L Bridges, S Gresham, C Harper, J Ozkan, S Mylroie, JE Shan, XY AF Warburton, Marilyn L. Williams, William Paul Hawkins, Leigh Bridges, Susan Gresham, Cathy Harper, Jonathan Ozkan, Seval Mylroie, J. Erik Shan, Xueyan TI A Public Platform for the Verification of the Phenotypic Effect of Candidate Genes for Resistance to Aflatoxin Accumulation and Aspergillus flavus Infection in Maize SO TOXINS LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin; Aspergillus flavus; host plant resistance; candidate gene validation ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; IDENTIFICATION; CONTAMINATION AB A public candidate gene testing pipeline for resistance to aflatoxin accumulation or Aspergillus flavus infection in maize is presented here. The pipeline consists of steps for identifying, testing, and verifying the association of selected maize gene sequences with resistance under field conditions. Resources include a database of genetic and protein sequences associated with the reduction in aflatoxin contamination from previous studies; eight diverse inbred maize lines for polymorphism identification within any maize gene sequence; four Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) mapping populations and one association mapping panel, all phenotyped for aflatoxin accumulation resistance and associated phenotypes; and capacity for Insertion/Deletion (InDel) and SNP genotyping in the population(s) for mapping. To date, ten genes have been identified as possible candidate genes and put through the candidate gene testing pipeline, and results are presented here to demonstrate the utility of the pipeline. C1 [Warburton, Marilyn L.; Williams, William Paul; Hawkins, Leigh] USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Bridges, Susan; Gresham, Cathy; Harper, Jonathan] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Ozkan, Seval; Mylroie, J. Erik; Shan, Xueyan] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Warburton, ML (reprint author), USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM Marilyn.Warburton@ars.usda.gov; Paul.Williams@ars.usda.gov; Leigh.Hawkins@ars.usda.gov; bridges@cse.msstate.edu; gresham@cse.msstate.edu; jwh376@msstate.edu; so35@pss.msstate.edu; jem135@msstate.edu; XShan@BCH.msstate.edu FU USDA-ARS FX The authors would like to thank Jack Haynes for his excellent technical assistance in the laboratory; Baozhu Guo, Robert Brown and Z. Chen for their candidate Resistance Associated Protein sequences; Baozhu Guo and Ana Diaz for their suggestions and review of the manuscript, and the USDA-ARS for funding of the work presented in this paper. This paper is a joint contribution of USDA-ARS and the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station and is published as journal No.J-12008 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD JUL PY 2011 VL 3 IS 7 BP 754 EP 765 DI 10.3390/toxins3070754 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 995AS UT WOS:000307978600002 PM 22069738 ER PT J AU Luo, M Brown, RL Chen, ZY Menkir, A Yu, JJ Bhatnagar, D AF Luo, Meng Brown, Robert L. Chen, Zhi-Yuan Menkir, Abebe Yu, Jiujiang Bhatnagar, Deepak TI Transcriptional Profiles Uncover Aspergillus flavus-Induced Resistance in Maize Kernels SO TOXINS LA English DT Article DE Zea mays; Aspergillus flavus; imbibed kernels; aflatoxin; resistance genes ID SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; PLANT INNATE IMMUNITY; AFLATOXIN PRODUCTION; DISEASE RESISTANCE; SEED DORMANCY; CONTAMINATION; INFECTION; DEFENSE; IDENTIFICATION; PATHOGENESIS AB Aflatoxin contamination caused by the opportunistic pathogen A. flavus is a major concern in maize production prior to harvest and through storage. Previous studies have highlighted the constitutive production of proteins involved in maize kernel resistance against A. flavus' infection. However, little is known about induced resistance nor about defense gene expression and regulation in kernels. In this study, maize oligonucleotide arrays and a pair of closely-related maize lines varying in aflatoxin accumulation were used to reveal the gene expression network in imbibed mature kernels in response to A. flavus` challenge. Inoculated kernels were incubated 72 h via the laboratory-based Kernel Screening Assay (KSA), which highlights kernel responses to fungal challenge. Gene expression profiling detected 6955 genes in resistant and 6565 genes in susceptible controls; 214 genes induced in resistant and 2159 genes induced in susceptible inoculated kernels. Defense related and regulation related genes were identified in both treatments. Comparisons between the resistant and susceptible lines indicate differences in the gene expression network which may enhance our understanding of the maize-A. flavus interaction. C1 [Brown, Robert L.; Yu, Jiujiang; Bhatnagar, Deepak] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Luo, Meng; Chen, Zhi-Yuan] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Menkir, Abebe] Int Inst Trop Agr, Ibadan, Nigeria. RP Brown, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, POB 19687, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM meng.luo@ars.usda.gov; robert.brown@ars.usda.gov; zchen@agcenter.lsu.edu; a.menkir@cgiar.org; jiujiang.yu@ars.usda.gov; deepak.bhatnagar@ars.usda.gov FU USAID Linkage Program-IITA, Nigeria; USDA-ARS Office of International programs FX Research was supported by the USAID Linkage Program-IITA, Nigeria and USDA-ARS Office of International programs. NR 47 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD JUL PY 2011 VL 3 IS 7 BP 766 EP 786 DI 10.3390/toxins3070766 PG 21 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 995AS UT WOS:000307978600003 PM 22069739 ER PT J AU McCormick, SP Stanley, AM Stover, NA Alexander, NJ AF McCormick, Susan P. Stanley, April M. Stover, Nicholas A. Alexander, Nancy J. TI Trichothecenes: From Simple to Complex Mycotoxins SO TOXINS LA English DT Review DE trichothecenes; mycotoxins; Type A; Type B; macrocyclic; d-type; t-type; toxin biosynthesis ID FUSARIUM-SPOROTRICHIOIDES ENCODES; EUKARYOTIC PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; T-2 TOXIN; CYTOCHROME-P450 MONOOXYGENASE; MACROCYCLIC TRICHOTHECENES; GENE-CLUSTER; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; 3-O-ACETYLTRANSFERASE GENE; TRICHODERMA-HARZIANUM; MYROTHECIUM-RORIDUM AB As the world's population grows, access to a safe food supply will continue to be a global priority. In recent years, the world has experienced an increase in mycotoxin contamination of grains due to climatic and agronomic changes that encourage fungal growth during cultivation. A number of the molds that are plant pathogens produce trichothecene mycotoxins, which are known to cause serious human and animal toxicoses. This review covers the types of trichothecenes, their complexity, and proposed biosynthetic pathways of trichothecenes. C1 [McCormick, Susan P.; Alexander, Nancy J.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Stanley, April M.; Stover, Nicholas A.] Bradley Univ, Dept Biol, Peoria, IL 61625 USA. RP McCormick, SP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Susan.McCormick@ars.usda.gov; misty717@sbcglobal.net; nstover@bradley.edu; Nancy.Alexander@ars.usda.gov NR 76 TC 77 Z9 79 U1 8 U2 80 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD JUL PY 2011 VL 3 IS 7 BP 802 EP 814 DI 10.3390/toxins3070802 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 995AS UT WOS:000307978600005 PM 22069741 ER PT J AU Ni, XZ Wilson, JP Buntin, GD Guo, BZ Krakowsky, MD Lee, RD Cottrell, TE Scully, BT Huffaker, A Schmelz, EA AF Ni, Xinzhi Wilson, Jeffrey P. Buntin, G. David Guo, Baozhu Krakowsky, Matthew D. Lee, R. Dewey Cottrell, Ted E. Scully, Brian T. Huffaker, Alisa Schmelz, Eric A. TI Spatial Patterns of Aflatoxin Levels in Relation to Ear-Feeding Insect Damage in Pre-Harvest Corn SO TOXINS LA English DT Article DE edge effect; maize weevil; stink bug; corn earworm; aflatoxin; insect damage; aflatoxin correlation ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; MAIZE; CONTAMINATION; RESISTANCE; INOCULATION; MANAGEMENT; GENOTYPES; GRAIN AB Key impediments to increased corn yield and quality in the southeastern US coastal plain region are damage by ear-feeding insects and aflatoxin contamination caused by infection of Aspergillus flavus. Key ear-feeding insects are corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea, fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais, and brown stink bug, Euschistus servus. In 2006 and 2007, aflatoxin contamination and insect damage were sampled before harvest in three 0.4-hectare corn fields using a grid sampling method. The feeding damage by each of ear/kernel-feeding insects (i.e., corn earworm/fall armyworm damage on the silk/cob, and discoloration of corn kernels by stink bugs), and maize weevil population were assessed at each grid point with five ears. The spatial distribution pattern of aflatoxin contamination was also assessed using the corn samples collected at each sampling point. Aflatoxin level was correlated to the number of maize weevils and stink bug-discolored kernels, but not closely correlated to either husk coverage or corn earworm damage. Contour maps of the maize weevil populations, stink bug-damaged kernels, and aflatoxin levels exhibited an aggregated distribution pattern with a strong edge effect on all three parameters. The separation of silk- and cob-feeding insects from kernel-feeding insects, as well as chewing (i.e., the corn earworm and maize weevil) and piercing-sucking insects (i.e., the stink bugs) and their damage in relation to aflatoxin accumulation is economically important. Both theoretic and applied ramifications of this study were discussed by proposing a hypothesis on the underlying mechanisms of the aggregated distribution patterns and strong edge effect of insect damage and aflatoxin contamination, and by discussing possible management tactics for aflatoxin reduction by proper management of kernel-feeding insects. Future directions on basic and applied research related to aflatoxin contamination are also discussed. C1 [Ni, Xinzhi; Wilson, Jeffrey P.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Buntin, G. David] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Guo, Baozhu; Scully, Brian T.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Krakowsky, Matthew D.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lee, R. Dewey] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Cottrell, Ted E.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Huffaker, Alisa; Schmelz, Eric A.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Ni, XZ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM xinzhi.ni@ars.usda.gov; jeff.wilson@ars.usda.gov; gbuntin@uga.edu; baozhu.guo@ars.usda.gov; matt.krakowsky@ars.usda.gov; deweylee@uga.edu; ted.cottrell@ars.usda.gov; brian.scully@ars.usda.gov; Alisa.Huffaker@ars.usda.gov; Eric.schmelz@ars.usda.gov OI Schmelz, Eric/0000-0002-2837-734X NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 14 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD JUL PY 2011 VL 3 IS 7 BP 920 EP 931 DI 10.3390/toxins3070920 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 995AS UT WOS:000307978600012 PM 22069748 ER PT J AU Raikhy, G Krause, C Leisner, S AF Raikhy, Gaurav Krause, Charles Leisner, Scott TI The Dahlia mosaic virus gene VI product N-terminal region is involved in self-association SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Caulimovirus; DMV; DNA virus; Inclusion bodies; MBP pull-down; TAV; Yeast two-hybrid ID RESISTANCE-BREAKAGE; CAULIFLOWER; PROTEIN; EXPRESSION; INFECTION; MOVEMENT; HOST AB The genome of the floriculture pathogen Dahlia mosaic caulimovirus (DMV) encodes six open reading frames. Generally, caulimovirus gene VI products (P6s) are thought to be multifunctional proteins required for viral infection and it is likely that self-association is required for some of these functions. In this study, yeast two-hybrid and maltose binding protein (MBP) pull-down assays indicated that full-length DMV P6 specifically self-associates. Further analyses indicated that only the DMV P6 N-terminal region, consisting of 115 amino acids, interacts with full-length P6 and with itself. This distinguishes the DMV P6 from its Cauliflower mosaic virus counterpart, which contains four regions involved in self-association. Thus, our results suggest that each caulimovirus P6 may possess a unique pattern of protein-protein interactions. Bioinformatic tools identified a putative nuclear exclusion signal located between amino acid residues 10-20, suggesting another possible function for the P6 N-terminal region. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Raikhy, Gaurav; Leisner, Scott] Univ Toledo, Dept Biol Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Krause, Charles] ARS, USDA, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Leisner, S (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Biol Sci, 2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. EM sleisne@utnet.utoledo.edu FU USDA-ARS [58-3607-1-193] FX The authors thank Drs. Jie Li, Song Tao Liu, Richard Komuniecki (University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA) for the vectors used in this study as well as Dr. Roger Brent (Molecular Sciences Institute, Berkeley, CA, USA) for plasmids pEG202 and pJG4-5, along with yeast strain EGY48 harboring pSH18-34. This work was supported by USDA-ARS Specific Cooperative Agreement: 58-3607-1-193. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 159 IS 1 BP 69 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.04.026 PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA 784RT UT WOS:000292176600010 PM 21571015 ER PT J AU Dowd, MK Kiely, DE Zhang, JS AF Dowd, Michael K. Kiely, Donald E. Zhang, Jinsong TI Monte Carlo-based searching as a tool to study carbohydrate structure SO CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Conformation; MM3; Molecular mechanics; Monte Carlo searching; Search algorithms ID D-GLUCARIC ACID; GENETIC ALGORITHM SEARCH; MM3 FORCE-FIELD; CONFORMATIONAL-ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR-MECHANICS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ENERGY SURFACES; D-GLUCITOL; ALCOHOLS; MM3(92) AB A torsion angle-based Monte Carlo searching routine was developed and applied to several carbohydrate modeling problems. The routine was developed as a Unix shell script that calls several programs, which allows it to be interfaced with multiple potential functions and various utilities for evaluating conformers. In its current form, the program operates with several versions of the MM3 and MM4 molecular mechanics programs and has a module to calculate hydrogen-hydrogen coupling constants. The routine was used to study the low-energy exo-cyclic substituents of beta-D-glucopyranose and the conformers of D-glucaramide, both of which had been previously studied with MM3 by full conformational searches. For these molecules, the program found all previously reported low-energy structures. The routine was also used to find favorable conformers of 2,3,4,5-tetra-O-acetyl-N,N'-dimethyl-D-glucaramide and D-glucitol, the latter of which is believed to have many low-energy forms. Finally, the technique was used to study the inter-ring conformations of beta-gentiobiose, a beta-(1 -> 6)-linked disaccharide of D-glucopyranose. The program easily found conformers in the 10 previously identified low-energy regions for this disaccharide. In 6 of the 10 local regions, the same previously identified low-energy structures were found. In the remaining four regions, the search identified structures with slightly lower energies than those previously reported. The approach should be useful for extending modeling studies on acyclic monosaccharides and possibly oligosaccharides. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Dowd, Michael K.] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Kiely, Donald E.; Zhang, Jinsong] Univ Montana, Shafizadeh Rocky Mt Ctr Wood & Carbohydrate Chem, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Dowd, MK (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM michael.dowd@ars.usda.gov; don@rivertop.com; jzhang2@csuchico.edu NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0008-6215 J9 CARBOHYD RES JI Carbohydr. Res. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 346 IS 9 BP 1140 EP 1148 DI 10.1016/j.carres.2011.04.013 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 774WH UT WOS:000291417000008 PM 21536262 ER PT J AU Yocum, GD Buckner, JS Fatland, CL AF Yocum, George D. Buckner, James S. Fatland, Charlotte L. TI A comparison of internal and external lipids of nondiapausing and diapause initiation phase adult Colorado potato beetles, Leptinotarsa decemlineata SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Insect diapause; Storage lipids; Cuticular lipids; Triacylglycerol; Methyl-branched alkanes ID MANDUCA-SEXTA PUPAE; CUTICULAR HYDROCARBONS; MAINTENANCE PHASES; BRANCHED ALKANES; INSECT DIAPAUSE; GENE-EXPRESSION; SURFACE-LIPIDS; WAX SECRETION; FATTY-ACIDS; SAY AB The Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, reared under diapause-inducing conditions will emerge from the soil as an adult and enter the diapause initiation phase, a period where metabolic reserves are stockpiled before the beetles enter the nonfeeding diapause maintenance phase. Internal and external lipids were characterized during the diapause initiation phase (IP) and compared to the lipid profiles of nondiapausing adults. The primary internal lipids of both diapause IF and nondiapausing adults are triacylglycerols. Only trace amounts of internal lipids were detected in day 1 diapause IF adults. A dramatic increase in internal lipids was observed between day 7 and day 15 post-emergence in the diapause IP adults. The majority of the triacylglycerol isomers were identified as C50, C52 and C54 chain lengths by GC-MS. There were no observed differences in the isomeric distribution of the major internal lipids between diapause IP and nondiapausing adults. External lipids were mainly methyl-branched alkanes containing a 25 to 53 carbon backbone. The quantity of external lipids increased from day 1 to day 7 post-emergence in both the diapause IP and nondiapausing adults, with the bulk of the increase occurring in the longer chain-length methylalkanes. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Yocum, George D.; Buckner, James S.; Fatland, Charlotte L.] USDA ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Yocum, GD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM george.yocum@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1096-4959 EI 1879-1107 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS B JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B-Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 159 IS 3 BP 163 EP 170 DI 10.1016/j.cbpb.2011.03.007 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology GA 775KM UT WOS:000291458200005 PM 21496494 ER PT J AU Royer, TA Elliott, NC Giles, KL Kindler, SD AF Royer, Tom A. Elliott, Norman C. Giles, Kristopher L. Kindler, S. Dean TI Field efficacy of wintertime insecticide applications against greenbugs, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) on winter wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Schizaphis graminum; Winter wheat; Neonicotinoid; Pyrethroid; Organophosphate; Low temperature effects ID TEMPERATURE-TOXICITY RELATIONSHIPS; HOMOPTERA; LEPIDOPTERA; SUPPRESSION; PYRETHROIDS; PARASITISM; OKLAHOMA AB Winter wheat producers in Oklahoma often combine an insecticide with a top-dress application of nitrogen during late fall and winter to control existing greenbug populations. We evaluated the efficacy of three classes of insecticides applied in cold weather field conditions ranging from -13.3 to 28.9 degrees C from 2002 to 2004 for greenbug control in winter wheat in replicated small plots. Insecticides provided control ranging from 0% to 98%, but generally responded similarly to temperature. Percent control of greenbugs resulting from applications of dimethoate, chlorpyrifos and A-cyhalothrin was correlated with maximum, minimum and average daily temperatures that occurred two days post-treatment. While percent control was unique for each insecticide, a combined regression of percent control against average daily temperature predicted that a 95% level of control would be achieved when post-treatment temperatures exceeded 13.6 degrees C. Rainfall that occurred post-treatment affected the efficacy of dimethoate but did not affect the other insecticides. Insecticide persistence was extended under cooler temperatures, allowing acceptable control 14 days post-treatment if temperatures warmed. The decision to apply insecticides should be made based on existing treatment thresholds for greenbug, but if treatment with an insecticide is warranted, winter wheat producers can expect reasonable control of greenbugs from insecticides applied during the winter, as long as post-treatment temperatures exceed 13 degrees C within the following 14 days. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Royer, Tom A.; Giles, Kristopher L.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, NRC 127, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Elliott, Norman C.; Kindler, S. Dean] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. RP Royer, TA (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, NRC 127, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM tom.royer@okstate.edu RI Royer, Tom/D-9737-2016 OI Royer, Tom/0000-0003-0912-7115 NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 30 IS 7 BP 826 EP 832 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2011.03.002 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 775YO UT WOS:000291499700011 ER PT J AU Oudemans, PV Hillman, BI Linder-Basso, D Polashock, JJ AF Oudemans, Peter V. Hillman, Bradley I. Linder-Basso, Daniela Polashock, James J. TI Visual inspections of nursery stock fail to protect new plantings from Blueberry scorch virus infection SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Carlavirus; Virus transmission; Propagation; Vaccinium corymbosum; Highbush blueberry; ELISA ID 1ST REPORT; HIGHBUSH BLUEBERRY; DISEASE; TRANSMISSION; SPREAD AB Blueberry scorch virus (BIScV) is one of the most pervasive pathogens of highbush blueberry. The virus is aphid-vectored and exhibits a latent period between infection and symptom expression in the host plant of up to 5 years. In many cases, we have observed BIScV symptom expression in new fields that appears inconsistent with aphid-vectored introduction and spread. It was, therefore, speculated that the virus may be introduced through infected nursery stock. To examine this possibility, we first surveyed selected nurseries to determine if mother plants, used for propagation by cuttings, were BIScV-infected. Two nurseries were found to harbor symptomless, infected, mother plants (cv. Duke). Cuttings from one nursery were collected from infected and non-infected plants and rooted in propagation beds. The survival and infection of cohorts from each mother plant were determined one year after planting. A significantly greater proportion of cuttings survived from non-infected mother plants (0.7) than from infected mother plants (0.5). Of the cohort from infected mother plants that survived, 40% tested positive for BIScV. We also surveyed the distribution of infected, symptomatic plants in recent 'Duke' plantings that originated from nurseries with BIScV-infected mother plants and compared distribution with older plantings with more advanced BIScV outbreaks. In all cases, the distribution of BIScV symptom development in young fields was random, which is consistent with introduction from planting stock. Older plantings showed a strong clustered distribution, which is consistent with aphid transmission. This study identifies infected nursery stock as an important source of BIScV dissemination and underscores the importance of having symptomless mother plants virus tested. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Oudemans, Peter V.] Rutgers State Univ, PE Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. [Oudemans, Peter V.; Hillman, Bradley I.; Linder-Basso, Daniela] Rutgers State Univ, Sch Environm & Biol Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Polashock, James J.] USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. RP Oudemans, PV (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, PE Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. EM oudemans@aesop.rutgers.edu OI Oudemans, Peter/0000-0001-7564-0641 NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 30 IS 7 BP 871 EP 875 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2011.02.013 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 775YO UT WOS:000291499700017 ER PT J AU Kousik, CS Adams, ML Jester, WR Hassell, R Harrison, HF Holmes, GJ AF Kousik, Chandrasekar S. Adams, Mike L. Jester, Wilfred R. Hassell, Richard Harrison, Howard F. Holmes, Gerald J. TI Effect of cultural practices and fungicides on Phytophthora fruit rot of watermelon in the Carolinas SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Citrullus lanatus; Chemical control; Fruit rot; Oomycete; Phytophthora capsici; Fungicide ID BELL PEPPER; CAPSICI; MEFENOXAM; BLIGHT; INSENSITIVITY; SENSITIVITY; MANAGEMENT; RESISTANCE; PUMPKIN; FIELDS AB Phytophthora fruit rot of watermelon, caused by Phytophthora capsici, is an important and emerging disease in Southeastern U.S.A. The effects of two cultural practices (raised bare ground and raised plastic mulched beds) used for growing watermelon and different fungicide treatments on development of Phytophthora fruit rot were evaluated. The experiments were conducted over three years (2005-2008) at research stations in North Carolina and South Carolina, U.S.A. Fungicides were applied at weekly intervals on the diploid cv. Mickey Lee for an average of five applications. Fruit rot incidence was recorded at the end of each experiment. Fruit rot incidence in the non-treated plots was 66% across two states and six trials. Overall, the levels of fruit rot on the raised bare ground and raised plastic mulched beds were not significantly different. Based on percent disease reduction relative to the non-treated check plots, the fungicide Captan was the most effective across years and locations (range = 23-70%, mean = 57%), followed by mandipropamid (25-65%, mean = 50%), fluopicolide (24-65%, mean = 43%) and cyazofamid (0-48%, mean = 31%). Mefenoxam, the current standard treatment reduced fruit rot by 8-28% (mean = 18%). The addition of copper hydroxide to the spray mix did not significantly enhance effectiveness of Captan or mandipropamid. The variability in fungicide efficacy observed in these experiments across locations and years demonstrates the importance of environmental conditions in disease development and management. Even when the most effective fungicides are used, heavy losses may occur when conditions are highly favorable for disease development. Ultimately, effective control of Phytophthora fruit rot of watermelon will require an integrated management strategy that includes well-drained fields, water management and crop rotation in addition to fungicides. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kousik, Chandrasekar S.; Harrison, Howard F.] ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Adams, Mike L.; Holmes, Gerald J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Jester, Wilfred R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Hassell, Richard] Clemson Univ, Costal Res & Educ Ctr, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Kousik, CS (reprint author), ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM shaker.kousik@ars.usda.gov FU National Watermelon Association (NWA) FX We acknowledge the technical assistance of Danny Cook, Richard Carrington, Jennifer Ikerd and Kim Alford in conducting many of these experiments. The authors also wish to acknowledge Drs. M. Olanya and W.P. Wechter for critical review of the manuscript. This work was supported in part by a grant from the National Watermelon Association (NWA) to Wilfred R. Jester and Gerald J. Holmes. NWA did not take part in planning, conducting or any other aspect of this study including submission of this manuscript. NR 35 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 30 IS 7 BP 888 EP 894 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2011.03.012 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 775YO UT WOS:000291499700020 ER PT J AU Showler, AT Beuzelin, JM Reagan, TE AF Showler, Allan T. Beuzelin, Julien M. Reagan, Thomas E. TI Alternate crop and weed host plant oviposition preferences by the Mexican rice borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Corn; Eoreuma loftini; Infestation; Sorghum; Sugarcane; Weeds ID EOREUMA-LOFTINI LEPIDOPTERA; RIO-GRANDE VALLEY; DIATRAEA-SACCHARALIS; SUBTROPICAL MEXICO; TEXAS SUGARCANE; PYRALIDAE; CORN; CULTIVARS; INSECTICIDES; RESISTANCE AB The Mexican rice borer, Eoreuma loftini (Dyar), is the key pest of sugarcane, Saccharum hybrids, in south Texas, having largely displaced the sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.), and it is moving into rice- and sugarcane-growing areas of east Texas and Louisiana. While a number of alternative weed and crop hosts have been reported, the extent to which they might support Mexican rice borer populations is unknown. This study involved choice assays that compared oviposition preference for and larval infestations of five mature graminaceous weed species. Levels of infestation between sugarcane and corn, Zea mays L, crop hosts and between corn and sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench, were also assessed. We determined that the average number of larval entry holes in sudangrass stems was >= 2.5-fold more than for any of the other four weed host plants, that corn had >= 5.9-fold more larval entry holes than sorghum and >= 8.2-fold more than sugarcane. Greater oviposition and infestation of one non-crop host over another was not related to numbers of stems per plant, but was associated with the greater stem diameter and abundance of dry leaf tissue found in Sudangrass, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench ssp. drummondi (Nees ex Steud.) de Wet & Harlan, johnsongrass, S. halepense (L.) and barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli (L) P. Beauv.; relative to the other weed species in this study. In terms of the crop plants, stalk diameter and quantity of dry leaf tissue were not associated with numbers of eggs or larval entry holes in the choice assays between corn and sorghum, and between sugarcane and corn. While corn has been known as a host of the Mexican rice borer for at least 84 yr, its role in area-wide population dynamics and control efforts has likely been greatly underestimated. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Showler, Allan T.] ARS, USDA, IFNRRU, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Beuzelin, Julien M.; Reagan, Thomas E.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Showler, AT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, IFNRRU, Kika de la Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM allan.showler@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 30 IS 7 BP 895 EP 901 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2011.02.006 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 775YO UT WOS:000291499700021 ER PT J AU Aver'yanov, AA Lapikova, VP Pasechnik, TD Zakharenkova, TS Pogosyan, SI Baker, CJ AF Aver'yanov, A. A. Lapikova, V. P. Pasechnik, T. D. Zakharenkova, T. S. Pogosyan, S. I. Baker, C. J. TI Suppression of cucurbit scab on cucumber leaves by photodynamic dyes SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Cladosporium cucumerinum; Cucurbit scab; Disease resistance; Photodynamic dyes; Phytotoxicity ID SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; ACTIVE OXYGEN; DISEASE RESISTANCE; SALICYLIC-ACID; RIBOFLAVIN; METHIONINE; BACTERIA; FUNGI AB The goal of this study was to test the ability of the photodynamic dyes bengal rose, toluidine blue and methylene blue to protect systemically cucumber plants from cucurbit scab. At the stage of one true leaf, water or aqueous solutions of the dyes were applied to the leaf as droplets. When the second leaf appeared and was fully developed, it was inoculated with a spore suspension of Cladosporium cucumerinum. It was found that all dyes (at 0.5-200 mu M) significantly suppressed symptoms of the disease. The effect was preceded by development of local damage of the treated leaf. The degree of the damage as well as the disease suppression increased with dye concentration. Both indices were smaller if the plants were kept in darkness for the first day after the treatment. It is suggested that reactive oxygen photogenerated by dyes caused a local cell death, which induced resistance in distant leaves. The dyes tested, or their derivatives, may offer a base for novel disease resistance inducers. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Aver'yanov, A. A.; Lapikova, V. P.; Pasechnik, T. D.; Zakharenkova, T. S.] Res Inst Phytopathol, B Vyazemy 143050, Moscow Region, Russia. [Pogosyan, S. I.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Biol, Dept Biophys, Moscow 119992, Russia. [Baker, C. J.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Aver'yanov, AA (reprint author), Res Inst Phytopathol, B Vyazemy 143050, Moscow Region, Russia. EM aaveryanov@post.ru FU Agricultural Research Service USDA [2682p, 4071p] FX The work was partially supported by grants 2682p and 4071p of Agricultural Research Service USDA mediated by International Science and Technology Center. Authors thank Barbara P. Merke for her kind help in the manuscript preparation. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 30 IS 7 BP 925 EP 930 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2011.03.030 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 775YO UT WOS:000291499700026 ER PT J AU Shang, F Taylor, A AF Shang, Fu Taylor, Allen TI Ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and cellular responses to oxidative stress SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE Ubiquitin; Proteasome; Oxidative stress; Protein quality control; Free radicals ID LENS EPITHELIAL-CELLS; NF-KAPPA-B; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NRF2; TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; MULTICATALYTIC PROTEINASE COMPLEX; RED-BLOOD-CELLS; 26 S-PROTEASOME; AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; ELEMENT-MEDIATED EXPRESSION; LINEAR POLYUBIQUITIN CHAINS AB The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway (UPP) is the primary cytosolic proteolytic machinery for the selective degradation of various forms of damaged proteins. Thus, the UPP is an important protein quality control mechanism. In the canonical UPP, both ubiquitin and the 26S proteasome are involved. Substrate proteins of the canonical UPP are first tagged by multiple ubiquitin molecules and then degraded by the 26S proteasome. However, in noncanonical UPP, proteins can be degraded by the 26S or the 20S proteasome without being ubiquitinated. It is clear that a proteasome is responsible for selective degradation of oxidized proteins, but the extent to which ubiquitination is involved in this process remains a subject of debate. Whereas many publications suggest that the 20S proteasome degrades oxidized proteins independent of ubiquitin, there is also solid evidence indicating that ubiquitin and ubiquitination are involved in degradation of some forms of oxidized proteins. A fully functional UPP is required for cells to cope with oxidative stress and the activity of the UPP is also modulated by cellular redox status. Mild or transient oxidative stress up-regulates the ubiquitination system and proteasome activity in cells and tissues and transiently enhances intracellular proteolysis. Severe or sustained oxidative stress impairs the function of the UPP and decreases intracellular proteolysis. Both the ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes and the proteasome can be inactivated by sustained oxidative stress, especially the 26S proteasome. Differential susceptibilities of the ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes and the 26S proteasome to oxidative damage lead to an accumulation of ubiquitin conjugates in cells in response to mild oxidative stress. Thus, increased levels of ubiquitin conjugates in cells seem to be an indicator of mild oxidative stress. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Shang, Fu; Taylor, Allen] Tufts Univ, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Shang, F (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM fu.shang@tufts.edu FU American Health Assistance Foundation [EY11717, EY13250, USDA CRIS 1950-51000-060-01A]; Johnson and Johnson Focused Giving Award FX This work is supported partially by NIH Grants EY11717 (to F.S.) and EY13250 (to A.T), USDA CRIS 1950-51000-060-01A, grants from the American Health Assistance Foundation, and a Johnson and Johnson Focused Giving Award to A.T. The authors also thank Dr. Elizabeth Whitcomb and Ms. Karen Weikel for their critical reading and editing of the manuscript. NR 225 TC 136 Z9 144 U1 5 U2 50 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 51 IS 1 BP 5 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.03.031 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 777NP UT WOS:000291628700002 PM 21530648 ER PT J AU Jang, EB AF Jang, E. B. TI Effectiveness of plastic matrix lures and traps against Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera cucurbitae in Hawaii SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bactrocera cucurbitae; Bactrocera dorsalis; cuelure; male; methyl eugenol; one-way trap; plastic-matrix lures ID MALE ANNIHILATION; METHYL EUGENOL; FLY; ERADICATION; TEPHRITIDAE; DIPTERA AB Trapping trials were conducted in two locations on the island of Hawaii with plastic-matrix formulations of methyl eugenol (ME) (1-2-dimethoxy-4-allylbenzene) and cuelure (CL) [4-(p-acetoxyphenyl)-2-butanone] in traps with or without a toxicant (2, 2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate, DDVP) against wild fly populations of oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) and melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) respectively. Both 5 g disks and 10 g cones of ME and 2 g plugs of CL caught flies for > 9 months which varied relative to the population fluctuations. In all of these trials a one-way entrance design trap caught more flies than the toxicant-baited trap. The similar-sized entrance holes (0.70 cm) of the latter may have slowed the dispersal of the toxicant vapour, thus causing flies to be repelled or killed outside the entrance to the trap when DDVP vapour was evolving at a maximum rate. The effect decreased as the toxicant aged. One-way entrance traps are appropriate where toxicant traps are not allowed (e.g. organic farms), present a health hazard (e.g. yards with children), or would need to be replaced more frequently than lures. The results of these studies are discussed in relation to areawide fruit fly suppression programs where large populations of these flies are persistent, as well as to detection programs in areas where fruit flies have not established. C1 USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Jang, EB (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, POB 4459, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM eric.jang@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS FX I would like to thank L. M. Klungness for developing, supervising and analyzing the data, M. Hiramoto for conducting the data collection, P. Sato, and D. Ota (U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, Hilo, HI - hereafter PBARC) for their assistance in collecting field data, and C. Chan (PBARC) for her help in preparation of GIS maps. Also I would like to thank G. Johnson (Opihikao Rd, Puna, HI), and J. Roehrig (Hilo, HI) for providing a location for the test. I am especially grateful to M. Siderhurst, A. Haikkila, L. Arita-Tsutsumi, and G. McQuate for critical initial reviews of the paper. Funding for this project was provided by the Area Wide Integrated Pest Management Program of the USDA-ARS. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0931-2048 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 135 IS 6 BP 456 EP 466 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0418.2010.01557.x PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 774YP UT WOS:000291423000008 ER PT J AU Heraty, J Ronquist, F Carpenter, JM Hawks, D Schulmeister, S Dowling, AP Murray, D Munro, J Wheeler, WC Schiff, N Sharkey, M AF Heraty, John Ronquist, Fredrik Carpenter, James M. Hawks, David Schulmeister, Susanne Dowling, Ashley P. Murray, Debra Munro, James Wheeler, Ward C. Schiff, Nathan Sharkey, Michael TI Evolution of the hymenopteran megaradiation SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Evolution; Phylogeny; Molecular; Parasitism ID RNA SECONDARY STRUCTURE; BAYESIAN POSTERIOR PROBABILITIES; EXPANSION SEGMENTS D2; SUBUNIT RIBOSOMAL-RNA; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; APOCRITAN RELATIONSHIPS; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; WASPS HYMENOPTERA; STRUCTURAL MODEL AB The Hymenoptera - ants, bees and wasps - represent one of the most successful but least understood insect radiations. We present the first comprehensive molecular study spanning the entire order Hymenoptera. It is based on approximately 7 kb of DNA sequence from 4 gene regions (18S. 28S, COI and EF-1 alpha) for 116 species representing all superfamilies and 23 outgroup taxa from eight orders of Holometabola. Results are drawn from both parsimony and statistical (Bayesian and likelihood) analyses, and from both by-eye and secondary-structure alignments. Our analyses provide the first firm molecular evidence for monophyly of the Vespina (Orussoidea + Apocrita). Within Vespina, our results indicate a sister-group relationship between Ichneumonoidea and Proctotrupomorpha, while the stinging wasps (Aculeata) are monophyletic and nested inside Evaniomorpha. In Proctotrupomorpha, our results provide evidence for a novel core clade of proctotrupoids, and support for the recently proposed Diaprioidea. An unexpected result is the support for monophyly of a clade of wood-boring sawflies (Xiphydrioidea + Siricoidea). As in previous molecular studies, Orussidae remain difficult to place and are either sister group to a monophyletic Apocrita, or the sister group of Stephanidae within Apocrita. Both results support a single origin of parasitism, but the latter would propose a controversial reversal in the evolution of the wasp-waist. Generally our results support earlier hypotheses, primarily based on morphology, for a basal grade of phytophagous families giving rise to a single clade of parasitic Hymenoptera, the Vespina, from which predatory, pollen-feeding, gall-forming and eusocial forms evolved. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Heraty, John; Hawks, David; Munro, James] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Ronquist, Fredrik] Swedish Museum Nat Hist, Dept Entomol, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. [Carpenter, James M.; Schulmeister, Susanne; Wheeler, Ward C.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Invertebrate Zool, New York, NY 10024 USA. [Dowling, Ashley P.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Entomol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Murray, Debra] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Schiff, Nathan] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Hardwoods Lab, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Sharkey, Michael] Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Heraty, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM john.heraty@ucr.edu RI Munro, James/C-5489-2009; Research, NRM-BIG/F-2603-2013; Ronquist, Fredrik/Q-2013-2015 OI Munro, James/0000-0003-3067-6434; FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [EF-0341149, DEB-0730616, EF-0337220, EF-0341708, EF-0431330, EF-0334948, EF-0531768] FX We thank Celso Azevedo, James Cuda, Denis Brothers, Brian Brown, Matt Buffington, Roger Burks, Brian Fisher, Michael Gates, Jeremiah George, Masatsugu Hatakeyama, Stephen Hight, John Huber, Norman Johnson, Johan Liljeblad, Lubomir Masner, Duanne, McKenna, Tikahiko Naito, Michael Ohl, Hugh Oliver, Albert Owen, James Pitts, Donald Quicke, David Smith, David Wahl and Phil Ward for specimens; Andrew Austin, Sean Brady, Bryan Danforth, Brian Farrell, David Maddison, Phil Ward and Brian Wiegmann for sequences; and Jason Mottern, Lars Vilhelmsen and Christiane Weirauch for comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. This work was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) Grants EF-0341149 and DEB-0730616 (to J.H.), EF-0337220 (to M.S.), EF-0341708 (to J.C.), and for sequence data from NSF Grants EF-0431330 (Ant ToL), EF-0334948 (Diptera ToL) and EF-0531768 (Beetle ToL). NR 78 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 5 U2 55 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1055-7903 EI 1095-9513 J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 60 IS 1 BP 73 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2011.04.003 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 775LD UT WOS:000291459900008 PM 21540117 ER PT J AU Qin, B Cao, AZ Wang, HY Chen, TT You, FM Liu, YY Ji, JH Liu, DJ Chen, PD Wang, XE AF Qin, Bi Cao, Aizhong Wang, Haiyan Chen, Tingting You, Frank M. Liu, Yangyang Ji, Jianhui Liu, Dajun Chen, Peidu Wang, Xiu-e TI Collinearity-based marker mining for the fine mapping of Pm6, a powdery mildew resistance gene in wheat SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID MATRIX ATTACHMENT REGIONS; ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE; MAP-BASED ISOLATION; CHROMOSOME BIN MAP; COMMON WHEAT; TRITICUM-TIMOPHEEVII; POLYPLOID WHEAT; WINTER-WHEAT; BREAD WHEAT; CYTOGENETIC ANALYSIS AB The genome sequences of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and Brachypodium distachyon and the comprehensive Triticeae EST (Expressed Sequence Tag) resources provide invaluable information for comparative genomics analysis. The powdery mildew resistance gene, Pm6, which was introgressed into common wheat from Triticum timopheevii, was previously mapped to the wheat chromosome bin of 2BL [fraction length (FL) 0.50-1.00] with limited DNA markers. In this study, we saturated the Pm6 locus in wheat using the collinearity-based markers by extensively exploiting these genomic resources. All wheat ESTs located in the bin 2BL FL 0.50-1.00 and their corresponding orthologous genes on rice chromosome 4 were firstly used to develop STS (Sequence Tagged Site) markers. Those identified markers that flanked the Pm6 locus were then used to identify the collinear regions in the genomes of rice and Brachypodium. Triticeae ESTs with orthologous genes in these collinear regions were further used to develop new conserved markers for the fine mapping of Pm6. Using two F-2 populations derived from crosses of IGVI-465 x Prins and IGVI-466 x Prins, we mapped a total of 29 markers to the Pm6 locus. Among them, 14 markers were co-segregated with Pm6 in the IGVI-466/Prins population. Comparative genome analysis showed that the collinear region of the 29 linked markers covers a similar to 5.6-Mb region in chromosome 5L of Brachypodium and a similar to 6.0-Mb region in chromosome 4L of rice. The marker order is conserved between rice and Brachypodium, but re-arrangements are present in wheat. Comparative mapping in the two populations showed that two conserved markers (CINAU123 and CINAU127) flanked the Pm6 locus, and an LRR-receptor-like protein kinase cluster was identified in the collinear regions of Brachypodium and rice. This putative resistance gene cluster provides a potential target site for further fine mapping and cloning of Pm6. Moreover, the newly developed conserved markers closely linked to Pm6 can be used for the marker-assisted selection (MAS) of Pm6 in wheat breeding programs. C1 [Qin, Bi; Cao, Aizhong; Wang, Haiyan; Chen, Tingting; Liu, Yangyang; Ji, Jianhui; Liu, Dajun; Chen, Peidu; Wang, Xiu-e] Nanjing Agr Univ, Cytogenet Inst, State Key Lab Crop Genet & Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [You, Frank M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [You, Frank M.] ARS, Genom & Gene Discovery Res Unit, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Wang, XE (reprint author), Nanjing Agr Univ, Cytogenet Inst, State Key Lab Crop Genet & Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM xiuew@njau.edu.cn FU Chinese High Tech Program of China [2006AA10Z1F6]; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK2006720]; Important National Science & Technology Specific Projects of Transgenic Research [2009ZX08002-001B]; Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities [B08025] FX This research was supported by grants from the Chinese High Tech Program of China (No. 2006AA10Z1F6), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK2006720), Important National Science & Technology Specific Projects of Transgenic Research (No. 2009ZX08002-001B) and the Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (No. B08025). NR 64 TC 18 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 123 IS 2 BP 207 EP 218 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1577-9 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 777FH UT WOS:000291600800002 PM 21468676 ER PT J AU Hamon, C Baranger, A Coyne, CJ McGee, RJ Le Goff, I L'Anthoene, V Esnault, R Riviere, JP Klein, A Mangin, P McPhee, KE Roux-Duparque, M Porter, L Miteul, H Lesne, A Morin, G Onfroy, C Moussart, A Tivoli, B Delourme, R Pilet-Nayel, ML AF Hamon, Celine Baranger, Alain Coyne, Clarice J. McGee, Rebecca J. Le Goff, Isabelle L'Anthoene, Virginie Esnault, Robert Riviere, Jean-Philippe Klein, Anthony Mangin, Pierre McPhee, Kevin E. Roux-Duparque, Martine Porter, Lyndon Miteul, Henri Lesne, Angelique Morin, Gerard Onfroy, Caroline Moussart, Anne Tivoli, Bernard Delourme, Regine Pilet-Nayel, Marie-Laure TI New consistent QTL in pea associated with partial resistance to Aphanomyces euteiches in multiple French and American environments SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; PISUM-SATIVUM L.; MAJOR GENE RESISTANCE; ROOT-ROT; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; MYCOSPHAERELLA-PINODES; DISEASE RESISTANCE; LINES RESISTANT; PATHOGENS AB Partial resistances, often controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTL), are considered to be more durable than monogenic resistances. Therefore, a precursor to developing efficient breeding programs for polygenic resistance to pathogens should be a greater understanding of genetic diversity and stability of resistance QTL in plants. In this study, we deciphered the diversity and stability of resistance QTL to Aphanomyces euteiches in pea towards pathogen variability, environments and scoring criteria, from two new sources of partial resistance (PI 180693 and 552), effective in French and USA infested fields. Two mapping populations of 178 recombinant inbred lines each, derived from crosses between 552 or PI 180693 (partially resistant) and Baccara (susceptible), were used to identify QTL for Aphanomyces root rot resistance in controlled and in multiple French and USA field conditions using several resistance criteria. We identified a total of 135 additive-effect QTL corresponding to 23 genomic regions and 13 significant epistatic interactions associated with partial resistance to A. euteiches in pea. Among the 23 additive-effect genomic regions identified, five were consistently detected, and showed highly stable effects towards A. euteiches strains, environments, resistance criteria, condition tests and RIL populations studied. These results confirm the complexity of inheritance of partial resistance to A. euteiches in pea and provide good bases for the choice of consistent QTL to use in marker-assisted selection schemes to increase current levels of resistance to A. euteiches in pea breeding programs. C1 [Hamon, Celine; Baranger, Alain; Le Goff, Isabelle; L'Anthoene, Virginie; Esnault, Robert; Riviere, Jean-Philippe; Miteul, Henri; Lesne, Angelique; Morin, Gerard; Delourme, Regine; Pilet-Nayel, Marie-Laure] Univ Rennes 1, INRA, UMR118, F-35653 Rennes, France. [Coyne, Clarice J.] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [McGee, Rebecca J.] ARS, USDA, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Klein, Anthony] INRA, UMR102, F-21065 Dijon, France. [Mangin, Pierre] INRA, UE0115, F-21110 Bretenieres, France. [McPhee, Kevin E.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept 7670, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Roux-Duparque, Martine] GSP, F-80200 Estrees Mons, France. [Porter, Lyndon] ARS, USDA, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Onfroy, Caroline; Moussart, Anne; Tivoli, Bernard] Univ Rennes 1, INRA, UMR1099, F-35653 Rennes, France. [Onfroy, Caroline; Moussart, Anne] UNIP, F-75008 Paris, France. [Le Goff, Isabelle] INRA, IBSV Interact Biot Sante Vegetale UMR1301, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France. [L'Anthoene, Virginie] Ctr R&D Nestle, F-37097 Tours 2, France. RP Pilet-Nayel, ML (reprint author), Univ Rennes 1, INRA, UMR118, Agrocampus Ouest, F-35653 Rennes, France. EM hamon@vegenov.com; marie-laure.pilet@rennes.inra.fr RI UMR IGEPP, INRA/A-4054-2011 FU INRA, Departement de Genetique et Amelioration des Plantes (France); MAP (Ministere de l'agriculture et de la peche, Paris, France); UNIP (Union Nationale Interprofessionnelle des Plantes riches en proteines, Paris, France); FP6 Grain Legume Integrated Project [FOOD-CT-2004-506223] FX This work was funded by a pre-doctoral fellowship from INRA, Departement de Genetique et Amelioration des Plantes (France), MAP (Ministere de l'agriculture et de la peche, Paris, France) and UNIP (Union Nationale Interprofessionnelle des Plantes riches en proteines, Paris, France), which we greatly acknowledge. It was also supported by the FP6 Grain Legume Integrated Project (FOOD-CT-2004-506223) (GLIP). We thank the INRA experimental units of Le Rheu and Dijon-Epoisses, France, UNILET (Union Nationale Interprofessionnelle des Legumes Transformes), Quimperle, France, for contributing to field experiments. We also acknowledge the technical staff and students from the Legume group of INRA Le Rheu, France (G. Deniot, J.M. Abelard, J. Poisson, J. Gautier and A. Grenie) for plant material production and field evaluation. We thank the Biogenouest genotyping platform of Le Rheu, France, for technical assistance. NR 72 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 123 IS 2 BP 261 EP 281 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1582-z PG 21 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 777FH UT WOS:000291600800007 PM 21479935 ER PT J AU Chung, CL Poland, J Kump, K Benson, J Longfellow, J Walsh, E Balint-Kurti, P Nelson, R AF Chung, Chia-Lin Poland, Jesse Kump, Kristen Benson, Jacqueline Longfellow, Joy Walsh, Ellie Balint-Kurti, Peter Nelson, Rebecca TI Targeted discovery of quantitative trait loci for resistance to northern leaf blight and other diseases of maize SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; ANTHRACNOSE STALK ROT; NEAR-ISOGENIC LINES; HETEROGENEOUS INBRED FAMILY; SETOSPHAERIA-TURCICA; COLLETOTRICHUM-GRAMINICOLA; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GENE ANALOGS; COCHLIOBOLUS-HETEROSTROPHUS; BROAD-SPECTRUM AB To capture diverse alleles at a set of loci associated with disease resistance in maize, heterogeneous inbred family (HIF) analysis was applied for targeted QTL mapping and near-isogenic line (NIL) development. Tropical maize lines CML52 and DK888 were chosen as donors of alleles based on their known resistance to multiple diseases. Chromosomal regions ("bins"; n = 39) associated with multiple disease resistance (MDR) were targeted based on a consensus map of disease QTLs in maize. We generated HIFs segregating for the targeted loci but isogenic at similar to 97% of the genome. To test the hypothesis that CML52 and DK888 alleles at MDR hotspots condition broad-spectrum resistance, HIFs and derived NILs were tested for resistance to northern leaf blight (NLB), southern leaf blight (SLB), gray leaf spot (GLS), anthracnose leaf blight (ALB), anthracnose stalk rot (ASR), common rust, common smut, and Stewart's wilt. Four NLB QTLs, two ASR QTLs, and one Stewart's wilt QTL were identified. In parallel, a population of 196 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from B73 x CML52 was evaluated for resistance to NLB, GLS, SLB, and ASR. The QTLs mapped (four for NLB, five for SLB, two for GLS, and two for ASR) mostly corresponded to those found using the NILs. Combining HIF- and RIL-based analyses, we discovered two disease QTLs at which CML52 alleles were favorable for more than one disease. A QTL in bin 1.06-1.07 conferred resistance to NLB and Stewart's wilt, and a QTL in 6.05 conferred resistance to NLB and ASR. C1 [Chung, Chia-Lin; Longfellow, Joy; Walsh, Ellie; Nelson, Rebecca] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Poland, Jesse; Benson, Jacqueline; Nelson, Rebecca] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Kump, Kristen] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Balint-Kurti, Peter] N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Nelson, R (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM rjn7@cornell.edu OI CHUNG, CHIA-LIN/0000-0002-1612-0109; Balint-Kurti, Peter/0000-0002-3916-194X; Poland, Jesse/0000-0002-7856-1399 FU CGIAR; McKnight Foundation; USDA-ARS; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; Ministry of Education, Taiwan FX We thank Randall Wisser for integrating the markers used in the HIF analysis onto the disease QTL consensus map, Erik Stromberg for his help with field trials in Virginia, Kent Loeffler for photography, and Pioneer Hi-Bred International Inc. for the supply of sorghum grains used in production of inoculum. Seed for the F5 families and the RIL population from B73 x CML52 were generously provided by Edward Buckler. Seed for the F6 families from S11 x DK888 were kindly provided by Major Goodman. We appreciate help from Oliver Ott, Kristen Kennedy, Zura Kerdieh, and Donna Stephens regarding research aspects. The work was funded by The CGIAR Generation Challenge Program, The McKnight Foundation, USDA-ARS, The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and Ministry of Education, Taiwan. NR 89 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 123 IS 2 BP 307 EP 326 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1585-9 PG 20 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 777FH UT WOS:000291600800010 PM 21526397 ER PT J AU Qi, LL Hulke, BS Vick, BA Gulya, TJ AF Qi, L. L. Hulke, B. S. Vick, B. A. Gulya, T. J. TI Molecular mapping of the rust resistance gene R-4 to a large NBS-LRR cluster on linkage group 13 of sunflower SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID RICH REPEAT CLASS; DOWNY MILDEW; FLAX RUST; PUCCINIA-HELIANTHI; CULTIVATED SUNFLOWER; GENOME; EVOLUTION; IDENTIFICATION; DIVERSITY; MAP AB Rust is a serious fungal disease in the sunflower growing areas worldwide with increasing importance in North America in recent years. Several genes conferring resistance to rust have been identified in sunflower, but few of them have been genetically mapped and linked to molecular markers. The rust resistance gene R (4) in the germplasm line HA-R3 was derived from an Argentinean open-pollinated variety and is still one of most effective genes. The objectives of this study were to determine the chromosome location of the R (4) gene and the allelic relationship of R (4) with the R (adv) rust resistance gene. A total of 63 DNA markers previously mapped to linkage group (LG) 13 were used to screen for polymorphisms between two parental lines HA 89 and HA-R3. A genetic map of LG 13 was constructed with 21 markers, resulting in a total map length of 93.8 cM and an average distance of 4.5 cM between markers. Two markers, ZVG61 and ORS581, flanked the R (4) gene at 2.1 and 0.8 cM, respectively, and were located on the lower end of LG 13 within a large NBS-LRR cluster identified previously. The PCR pattern generated by primer pair ZVG61 was unique in the HA-R3 line, compared to lines HA-R1, HA-R4, and HA-R5, which carry other R (4) alleles. A SCAR marker linked to the rust resistance gene R (adv) mapped to LG 13 at 13.9 cM from the R (4) locus, indicating that R (adv) is not an allele of the R (4) locus. The markers tightly linked to the R (4) gene will facilitate gene pyramiding for rust resistance breeding of sunflower. C1 [Qi, L. L.; Hulke, B. S.; Vick, B. A.; Gulya, T. J.] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Qi, LL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM lili.qi@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5442-21000-034-00D] FX We thank Drs. Justin Faris and Chao-Chien Jan for critical review of the manuscript, and Angelia Hogness and Megan Ramsett for excellent technical assistance both in the lab and greenhouse. This project was supported by the USDA-ARS CRIS Project No. 5442-21000-034-00D. NR 54 TC 17 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 123 IS 2 BP 351 EP 358 DI 10.1007/s00122-011-1588-6 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 777FH UT WOS:000291600800013 PM 21479933 ER PT J AU Stegelmeier, BL AF Stegelmeier, Bryan L. TI Identifying Plant Poisoning in Livestock: Diagnostic Approaches and Laboratory Tests SO VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-FOOD ANIMAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Plant; Livestock; Poisoning; Diagnosis; Laboratory AB Plant poisoning is often associated with a variety of livestock diseases and unexplained animal deaths. Although toxic plants commonly poison livestock and it is estimated to cost the livestock industry in the western United States more than $340 million every year, obtaining a definitive diagnosis is difficult and challenging. The purpose of this article is to provide a framework to help veterinarians and diagnosticians make an accurate definitive diagnosis of plant poisoning. We provide suggestions for investigating and sampling field cases of suspected plant poisoning, for where and how to analyze diagnostic samples, and for integrating information and recruiting appropriate expertise. C1 USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Stegelmeier, BL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 East,1400 North, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM Bryan.Stegelmeier@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0749-0720 J9 VET CLIN N AM-FOOD A JI Vet. Clin. N. Am.-Food Anim. Pract. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 27 IS 2 BP 407 EP + DI 10.1016/j.cvfa.2011.02.014 PG 12 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 776VE UT WOS:000291565900011 PM 21575777 ER PT J AU Stegelmeier, BL AF Stegelmeier, Bryan L. TI Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid-Containing Toxic Plants (Senecio, Crotalaria, Cynoglossum, Amsinckia, Heliotropium, and Echium spp.) SO VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-FOOD ANIMAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Pyrrolizidine; Alkaloid; Toxic plants; Senecio; Crotalaria; Amsinckia AB Pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) containing plants are found throughout the world and are probably the most common plant cause of poisoning of livestock, wildlife, and humans. PAs are potent liver toxins that under some conditions can be carcinogenic. This article briefly introduces high-risk North American PA-containing plants, summarizing their toxicity and subsequent pathology. Current diagnostic techniques, treatments, and strategies to avoid losses to PA poisoning are also reviewed. C1 USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Stegelmeier, BL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 East,1400 North, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM Bryan.Stegelmeier@ARS.USDA.gov NR 4 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 35 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0749-0720 J9 VET CLIN N AM-FOOD A JI Vet. Clin. N. Am.-Food Anim. Pract. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 27 IS 2 BP 419 EP + DI 10.1016/j.cvfa.2011.02.013 PG 11 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 776VE UT WOS:000291565900012 PM 21575778 ER PT J AU Panter, KE Stegelmeier, BL AF Panter, Kip E. Stegelmeier, Bryan L. TI Effects of Xenobiotics and Phytotoxins on Reproduction in Food Animals SO VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-FOOD ANIMAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Phytotoxins; Plants; Xenobiotics; Reproduction; Animals ID LAYING HENS; ANTIFERTILITY; INGESTION; LIVESTOCK; EXTRACT; RATS; MALFORMATIONS; TOXICITY; ABORTION; CATTLE AB As man-made chemicals (anthropogenic) are increasing in number and amount of use, it is not uncommon for farmers, ranchers, consultants, or veterinarians to suspect a xenobiotic (strange or foreign substance) as the cause of reproductive failures. In this article, the authors discuss toxicants that have been shown to affect reproduction, with emphasis on food-producing animals and fowl. The discussion is brief, and written to provide a resource for clinicians, students, and scientists by focusing on toxicant-induced reproductive dysfunction relevant to the toxicant, source, clinical effects, and livestock species known or suspected to be affected. C1 [Panter, Kip E.; Stegelmeier, Bryan L.] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Panter, KE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 East,1400 North, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM Kip.panter@ars.usda.gov NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0749-0720 J9 VET CLIN N AM-FOOD A JI Vet. Clin. N. Am.-Food Anim. Pract. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 27 IS 2 BP 429 EP + DI 10.1016/j.cvfa.2011.02.010 PG 19 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 776VE UT WOS:000291565900013 PM 21575779 ER PT J AU Hausman, GJ Barb, CR Dean, RG AF Hausman, G. J. Barb, C. R. Dean, R. G. TI Gene expression profiling in developing pig adipose tissue: non-secreted regulatory proteins SO ANIMAL LA English DT Article DE adipose tissue; fat cell; gene microarray; regulatory factors ID ACTIVATED-RECEPTOR-GAMMA; PORCINE ADIPOCYTE TRANSCRIPTS; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; DIFFERENTIATION IN-VITRO; UNCOUPLING PROTEIN-2; C/EBP-ALPHA; LEPTIN; ADIPOGENESIS; DEPRIVATION; METABOLISM AB The expression of many genes encoding secreted and non-secreted factors have been studied in human and rodent adipose tissue with cDNA microarrays, but few such studies in adipose tissue from growing pigs have been reported. Total RNA was collected at slaughter from outer subcutaneous adipose tissue (OSQ) and middle subcutaneous adipose tissue (MSQ) samples from gilts at 90, 150 and 210 days (n = 55/age). Dye-labeled cDNA probes were hybridized to custom microarrays (70-mer oligonucleotides) representing about 600 pig genes involved in growth and reproduction. Gene expression intensity ratios changed little with age for 100 transcription factors, nuclear receptors, enzymes and other regulatory proteins in OSQ and MSQ from pigs between 90 and 210 days of age. However, the relative expression of 13 genes distinguished OSQ and MSQ depots in growing pigs. The expression of several genes were influenced by age including an increase in CCND3, HSF1 and PTGR1 expression in MSQ and a decrease in UCP2 and REA (prohibitin-2) expression in OSQ. These studies demonstrate for the first time the expression of several key regulatory genes in pig adipose tissue. Simple linear regression analysis showed that leptin gene expression was associated with expression of some of these regulatory genes. Negative associations between expression of some regulatory factors and leptin gene expression indicated that local leptin may decrease or antagonize adipogenesis. C1 [Hausman, G. J.; Barb, C. R.] USDA ARS, Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Dean, R. G.] Univ Georgia, Dept Anim Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Hausman, GJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM Gary.Hausman@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture FX This research was supported by United States Department of Agriculture funds. The authors wish to thank J. Gamble and L. Lee-Rutherford for their technical assistance. Mention of a trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the US Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products which may be suitable. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1751-7311 J9 ANIMAL JI Animal PD JUL PY 2011 VL 5 IS 7 BP 1071 EP 1081 DI 10.1017/S1751731110002727 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences GA 770TO UT WOS:000291111600009 PM 22440102 ER PT J AU Islam, MS Ruiz-Arce, R McPheron, BA AF Islam, Md Sajedul Ruiz-Arce, Raul McPheron, Bruce A. TI Microsatellite markers for the West Indian fruit fly (Anastrepha obliqua) and cross species amplification in related pest species SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Tephritidae pest; West Indian fruit fly; Anastrepha obliqua; Microsatellite marker; Population genetics AB We isolated thirteen polymorphic microsatellite loci from Anastrepha obliqua using a dual-suppression polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. These loci provided microsatellite markers with polymorphism of two to eight alleles per locus within different Mexican populations. The expected and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.125 to 0.820 and 0.095 to 0.783, respectively. These markers may be effective for analyzing population genetics and related study of A. obliqua. Cross-species amplification was noticed with ten out of thirteen microsatellite loci in four closely rated Anastrepha species. C1 [Islam, Md Sajedul; McPheron, Bruce A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Ruiz-Arce, Raul] USDA APHIS, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Mission Lab, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. RP Islam, MS (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, 501 ASI Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM M.sajed@gmail.com OI McPheron, Bruce/0000-0001-9623-5100 FU USDA APHIS Center for Plant Health and Technology FX This research is supported through a cooperative agreement with the USDA APHIS Center for Plant Health and Technology. We are also grateful to Drs. Donald B. Thomas of the USDA ARS Subtropical Research Center, Weslaco, Tx and Martin Aluja of the Instituto Ecologico, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico for providing us these valuable specimens. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-7252 EI 1877-7260 J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR JI Conserv. Genet. Resour. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 3 IS 3 BP 549 EP 551 DI 10.1007/s12686-011-9401-z PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 771OG UT WOS:000291169700035 ER PT J AU Kovacs, K Holmes, TP Englin, JE Alexander, J AF Kovacs, Kent Holmes, Thomas P. Englin, Jeffrey E. Alexander, Janice TI The Dynamic Response of Housing Values to a Forest Invasive Disease: Evidence from a Sudden Oak Death Infestation SO ENVIRONMENTAL & RESOURCE ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Difference-in-differences; Spatial hedonic; Invasive diseases; Sudden oak death ID PROPERTY-VALUES; PHYTOPHTHORA-RAMORUM; OREGON; REGRESSIONS; PORTLAND; MARKET; MATTER; TREES; CRIME; TESTS AB "Sudden Oak Death" (Phytophthora ramorum) is a non-indigenous forest pathogen which causes substantial mortality of coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia) and several other oak tree species on the Pacific Coast of the United States. We estimated the time path of residential property values subject to oak mortality using a dataset that spans more than two decades-including a decade of transactions before-and-after the invasion. The findings suggest moderate, persistent property value discounts (3-6%) for homes located near infested oak woodlands subject to continuous post-invasion declines in forest health. The most severe discounts (8-15%) occurred where dying oaks were distributed both within residential neighborhoods and in nearby woodlands. Various hedonic modeling specifications were tested and compared to assess their ability to control for bias associated with unobserved spatial effects. C1 [Kovacs, Kent] Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kovacs, Kent] Univ Minnesota, Inst Environm, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Holmes, Thomas P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Englin, Jeffrey E.] Univ Nevada, Dept Resource Econ, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Alexander, Janice] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Novato, CA 94947 USA. RP Kovacs, K (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Appl Econ, 337D Ruttan Hall,1994 Buford Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM kova0090@umn.edu; tholmes@fs.fed.us; englin@cabnr.unr.edu; jalexander@ucdavis.edu NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0924-6460 J9 ENVIRON RESOUR ECON JI Environ. Resour. Econ. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 49 IS 3 BP 445 EP 471 DI 10.1007/s10640-010-9441-y PG 27 WC Economics; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 774NQ UT WOS:000291393700008 ER PT J AU Thavarajah, D Thavarajah, P Wejesuriya, A Rutzke, M Glahn, RP Combs, GF Vandenberg, A AF Thavarajah, Dil Thavarajah, Pushparajah Wejesuriya, Asoka Rutzke, Michael Glahn, Raymond P. Combs, Gerald F., Jr. Vandenberg, Albert TI The potential of lentil (Lens culinaris L.) as a whole food for increased selenium, iron, and zinc intake: preliminary results from a 3 year study SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Lentils; Biofortification; Iron; Zinc; Selenium; Phytic acid ID CANCER PREVENTION; BREEDING CROPS; HUMAN HEALTH; BIOFORTIFICATION; BIOAVAILABILITY; MECHANISMS; NUTRIENTS; GRAIN AB Micronutrient malnutrition, especially selenium (Se), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) deficiency, is a major global health problem. Previous attempts to prevent micronutrient malnutrition through food fortification, supplementation, and enrichment of staple crops has had limited success. Canadian grown lentils are rich in micronutrients Fe (73-90 mg kg(-1)), Zn (44-54 mg kg(-1)), Se (425-673 mu g kg(-1)), and have very low concentrations of phytic acid (2.5-4.4 mg g(-1)). Our preliminary studies using a Caco-2 cell model show that the uptake of Fe from lentils is relatively greater than that of most other staple food crops. Moreover, preliminary results from our human nutrition study in Sri Lanka show an increased trend in blood Se concentration after lentil consumption. This article briefly overviews our previously published results as well as data from international lentil field trials, and describes the potential for biofortified lentil to provide a whole food solution to combat global human micronutrient malnutrition. C1 [Thavarajah, Dil] N Dakota State Univ, Sch Food Syst, Dept Cereal & Food Sci, Dept 7640, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Thavarajah, Pushparajah; Vandenberg, Albert] Univ Saskatchewan, Coll Agr & Bioresources, Ctr Crop Dev, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. [Wejesuriya, Asoka] Lady Ridgeway Children Hosp, Colombo 08, Sri Lanka. [Rutzke, Michael; Glahn, Raymond P.] Agr Res Serv, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Combs, Gerald F., Jr.] ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Thavarajah, D (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Sch Food Syst, Dept Cereal & Food Sci, Dept 7640, 223 Harris Hall,POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM dilrukshi.thavarajah@ndsu.edu FU Saskatchewan Pulse Growers, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan; Ministry of Agriculture, Saskatchewan, Canada FX We thank the Pulse Biofortification research team (Chai-Thiam See, Barry Goetz, Kevin Andal, and Andrew Arndt) at the CDC for technical assistance and Dr. Kofi Agblor for reviewing the manuscript. Support for this research was provided by the Saskatchewan Pulse Growers, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan and the Agriculture Development Fund, Ministry of Agriculture, Saskatchewan, Canada. NR 36 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JUL PY 2011 VL 180 IS 1 SI SI BP 123 EP 128 DI 10.1007/s10681-011-0365-6 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 771OI UT WOS:000291170100010 ER PT J AU Oakley, BB Dowd, SE Purdy, KJ AF Oakley, Brian B. Dowd, Scot E. Purdy, Kevin J. TI ThermoPhyl: a software tool for selecting phylogenetically optimized conventional and quantitative-PCR taxon-targeted assays for use with complex samples SO FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PCR primer design; specificity; sensitivity; phylogenetic assays; qPCR; PCR ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA; BACTERIAL DIVERSITY; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; SEQUENCE DATA; ARB; ENVIRONMENT; BIOSPHERE; RESOURCE; DATABASE AB The ability to specifically and sensitively target genotypes of interest is critical for the success of many PCR-based analyses of environmental or clinical samples that contain multiple templates. Next-generation sequence data clearly show that such samples can harbour hundreds to thousands of operational taxonomic units, a richness that precludes the manual evaluation of candidate assay specificity and sensitivity using multiple sequence alignments. To solve this problem, we have developed and validated a free software tool that automates the identification of PCR assays targeting specific genotypes in complex samples. ThermoPhyl uses user-defined target and nontarget sequence databases to assess the phylogenetic sensitivity and specificity of thermodynamically optimized candidate assays derived from primer design software packages. ThermoPhyl derives its name from its central premise of testing Thermodynamically optimal assays for Phylogenetic specificity and sensitivity and can be used for two primer (traditional PCR) or two primers with an internal probe (e.g. TaqMan (R) qPCR) application and potentially for oligonucleotide probes. Here, we describe the use of ThermoPhyl for traditional PCR and qPCR assays. PCR assays selected using ThermoPhyl were validated using 454 pyrosequencing of a traditional specific PCR assay and with a set of four genotype-specific qPCR assays applied to estuarine sediment samples. C1 [Oakley, Brian B.; Purdy, Kevin J.] Univ Warwick, Sch Life Sci, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Dowd, Scot E.] Res & Testing Labs, Lubbock, TX USA. RP Oakley, BB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Richard Russell Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM brian.oakley@ars.usda.gov RI Purdy, Kevin/A-1900-2009 OI Purdy, Kevin/0000-0002-2997-9342 FU European Commission [MEXT-CT-2005-024112] FX This work is part of the Marie Curie Excellence Grant for Teams project, MicroComXT (MEXT-CT-2005-024112), funded by the European Commission under FP6. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0168-6496 J9 FEMS MICROBIOL ECOL JI FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 77 IS 1 BP 17 EP 27 DI 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01079.x PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 773MX UT WOS:000291312500002 PM 21366628 ER PT J AU Paz, Z Garcia-Pedrajas, MD Andrews, DL Klosterman, SJ Baeza-Montanez, L Gold, SE AF Paz, Zahi Garcia-Pedrajas, Maria D. Andrews, David L. Klosterman, Steven J. Baeza-Montanez, Lourdes Gold, Scott E. TI One Step Construction of Agrobacterium-Recombination-ready-plasmids (OSCAR), an efficient and robust tool for ATMT based gene deletion construction in fungi SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE OSCAR; Gateway technology; ATMT; Verticillium dahliae; Gene deletion ID VERTICILLIUM-DAHLIAE; MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; ASPERGILLUS-AWAMORI; FUSARIUM-OXYSPORUM; T-DNA; TUMEFACIENS; REPLACEMENT; DELSGATE; VECTORS AB Increasing availability of genomic data and sophistication of analytical methodology in fungi has elevated the need for functional genomics tools in these organisms. Previously we reported a method called Dels-Gate for rapid preparation of deletion constructs for protoplast-mediated fungal transformation systems, which is based on Gateway (R) technology. However, over the past several years Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (ATMT) has become the preferred genetic transformation method for an increasing number of fungi. Therefore, we developed a method for One Step Construction of Agrobacterium-Recombination-ready-plasmids (OSCAR), to rapidly create deletion constructs for ATMT systems. The OSCAR methodology involves PCR amplification of the upstream and downstream flanks of the gene of interest, using gene specific primers each with a 5' extension containing one of four different attB recombination sites, modified from the Invitrogen MultiSite Gateway (R) system. Amplified gene flanks are then mixed with specifically designed marker and binary vectors and treated with BP clonase, generating the deletion construct in a single cloning step. The entire process of deletion construct preparation can be accomplished in just 2 days. Using OSCAR we generated eight targeted deletion constructs and used two of them to generate deletion mutants in Verticillium dahliae by ATMT. In summary, OSCAR methodology combines PCR and Gateway (R) technology to rapidly and robustly generate precise deletion constructs for fungal ATMT and homologous gene replacement. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Paz, Zahi; Andrews, David L.; Gold, Scott E.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Garcia-Pedrajas, Maria D.; Baeza-Montanez, Lourdes] Univ Malaga, Inst Hortofruticultura Subtrop Mediterranea La Ma, CSIC, IHSM,UMA,Estn Expt La Mayora, Malaga 29750, Spain. [Klosterman, Steven J.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Gold, SE (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM sgold@uga.edu RI Garcia-Pedrajas, Maria /G-1729-2015 OI Garcia-Pedrajas, Maria /0000-0001-5520-1887 FU United States Department of Agriculture National Research Initiative [20033531913361]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [AGL2009-13445] FX We thank Dr. S. Kang (The Pennsylvania State University) for providing the Agrobacterium strain AGL-1 and Dr. V. Citovsky (State University of New York) for providing the binary vector pPZP-CRS2 used in this study. This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture National Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 20033531913361 to S.E.G. and Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Grant No. AGL2009-13445 to M.D.G. NR 36 TC 23 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 37 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1087-1845 J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL JI Fungal Genet. Biol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 48 IS 7 BP 677 EP 684 DI 10.1016/j.fgb.2011.02.003 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA 771EY UT WOS:000291141200004 PM 21362493 ER PT J AU Brewer, MT Lance, CDB Paolo, CC Spanu, PD Milgroom, MG AF Brewer, Marin Talbot Cadle-Davidson, Lance Cortesi, Paolo Spanu, Pietro D. Milgroom, Michael G. TI Identification and structure of the mating-type locus and development of PCR-based markers for mating type in powdery mildew fungi SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Erysiphe necator; Erysiphales; Mating type; MAT locus; Powdery mildew; Transcriptome ID UNCINULA-NECATOR; ERYSIPHE-NECATOR; FLAG SHOOT; CLEISTOTHECIA; NEUROSPORA; INOCULUM; BIOLOGY; CLONES; DNA AB In ascomycetes, mating compatibility is regulated by the mating-type locus, MAT1. The objectives of this study were to identify and sequence genes at the MAT1 locus in the grape powdery mildew fungus, Erysiphe necator, to develop a PCR-based marker for determining mating type in E. necator, and to develop degenerate primers for amplification by PCR of conserved regions of mating-type idiomorphs in other powdery mildew fungi. We identified MAT1-2-1 of the MAT1-2 idiomorph in E. necator based on the homologous sequence in the genome of Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei and we found MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-1-3 of the MAT1-1 idiomorph from transcriptome sequences of E. necator. We developed and applied a reliable PCR-based multiplex marker to confirm that genotype correlated with mating phenotype, which was determined by pairing with mating-type tester isolates. Additionally, we used the marker to genotype populations of E. necator from different Vitis spp. from throughout the USA. We found both mating types were present in all populations and mating-type ratios did not deviate from 1:1. The mating-type genes in E. necator are similar to those of other Leotiomycetes; however, the structure of the MAT1 locus in E. necator, like the MAT1-2 idiomorph of B. graminis, is markedly different from other ascomycetes in that it is greatly expanded and may contain a large amount of repetitive DNA. As a result, we were unable to amplify and sequence either idiomorph in its entirety. We designed degenerate primers that amplify conserved regions of MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 in E. necator, Podosphaera xanthii, Microsphaera syringae, and B. graminis, representing the major clades of the Erysiphales. These degenerate primers or sequences obtained in this study from these species can be used to identify and sequence MAT1 genes or design mating-type markers in other powdery mildew fungi as well. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Brewer, Marin Talbot; Milgroom, Michael G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Cadle-Davidson, Lance] USDA ARS, Grape Genet Res Unit, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Cortesi, Paolo] Univ Milan, Dipartimento Protez Sistemi Agroalimentare & Urba, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Spanu, Pietro D.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Biol, London SW7 2AZ, England. RP Milgroom, MG (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM mgm5@cornell.edu RI Cortesi, Paolo/L-9832-2015; OI Cortesi, Paolo/0000-0002-2992-4253; Spanu, Pietro/0000-0001-8928-6049 FU Hatch project [NYC-153410]; BBSRC (UK); GeneBank [28821]; USDA Viticulture Consortium FX We are grateful to James K.M. Brown, Christina Cowger, Ryan Parks, Carsten Pedersen, Meg McGrath and Brian Steffenson for generously sharing powdery mildew isolates or genomic DNA. We thank Gillian Turgeon for helpful advice and comments on the manuscript, and members of her lab for technical advice and assistance. Additionally, we thank Cristina Pizzatti and Ivan Portillo for technical assistance genotyping isolates from Italy. This research was funded, in part, by Grants from Hatch project NYC-153410 to MGM. The sequencing of the B. graminis genome was funded by a BBSRC (UK) Grant to PDS; GeneBank Projects ID: B. graminis f. sp. hordei: 28821. Transcriptome sequencing of E. necator was funded by a grant from the USDA Viticulture Consortium to LCD and Hatch project NYC-153410 to MGM. NR 37 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 25 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1087-1845 J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL JI Fungal Genet. Biol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 48 IS 7 BP 704 EP 713 DI 10.1016/j.fgb.2011.04.004 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA 771EY UT WOS:000291141200007 PM 21515399 ER PT J AU Breakspear, A Pasquali, M Broz, K Dong, Y Kistler, HC AF Breakspear, Andrew Pasquali, Matias Broz, Karen Dong, Yanhong Kistler, H. Corby TI Npc1 is involved in sterol trafficking in the filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Niemann-Pick type C disease; Ergosterol; Azole antifungals; Fungicides ID ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS; GENE REPLACEMENT; WHEAT; CHOLESTEROL; ERGOSTEROL; OXYSPORUM; MEMBRANE; DISEASE; COMPLEX; MARKER AB The ortholog of the human gene NPC1 was identified in the plant pathogenic, filamentous fungus Fusarium graminearum by shared amino acid sequence, protein domain structure and cellular localization of the mature fungal protein. The Fusarium Npc1 gene shares 34% amino acid sequence identity and 51% similarity to the human gene, has similar domain structure and is constitutively expressed, although up-regulated in ungerminated macroconidia and ascospores. GFP-tagged Npc1p localizes to the fungal vacuolar membrane. Cultures derived from a Delta npc1 mutant strain contain significantly more ergosterol than cultures of the wildtype. Staining with the fluorescent, sterol binding dye filipin, shows that ergosterol accumulates in vacuoles of the Delta npc1 mutant but not the wildtype strain. The Delta npc1 mutant has a temperature dependent reduction in growth and greater sensitivity to the ergosterol synthesis inhibiting fungicide tebuconazole compared with the wildtype strain or the mutant complemented with wildtype Npc1. The mutant also is significantly reduced in pathogenicity to wheat. Our results are consistent with the interpretation that Npc1p is important for normal transport of ergosterol from the vacuole and is essential for proper membrane function under particular environmental conditions. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Broz, Karen; Kistler, H. Corby] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Breakspear, Andrew; Dong, Yanhong; Kistler, H. Corby] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Pasquali, Matias] Ctr Rech Publ Gabriel Lippmann, Dept Environm & Agrobiotechnol 41, Belvaux, Luxembourg. RP Kistler, HC (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS Cereal Dis Lab, 1551 Lindig St, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM Andy.Breakspear@bbsrc.ac.uk; matias.pasquali@gmail.com; Karen.Hilbum@ars.usda.gov; dongx001@umn.edu; hckist@umn.edu RI pasquali, matias/A-6362-2009; OI pasquali, matias/0000-0002-9102-2066; Broz, Karen/0000-0001-7928-7216 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-65108-20642] FX This project was supported by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program Grant number 2010-65108-20642 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 29 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1087-1845 J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL JI Fungal Genet. Biol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 48 IS 7 BP 725 EP 730 DI 10.1016/j.fgb.2011.03.001 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA 771EY UT WOS:000291141200009 PM 21397712 ER PT J AU Cook, KL Rothrock, MJ Eiteman, MA Lovanh, N Sistani, K AF Cook, Kimberly L. Rothrock, Michael J., Jr. Eiteman, Mark A. Lovanh, Nanh Sistani, Karamat TI Evaluation of nitrogen retention and microbial populations in poultry litter treated with chemical, biological or adsorbent amendments SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Poultry litter; Amendment; Chitosan; Water treatment residuals; Nitrogen; Ammonia ID REDUCING PHOSPHORUS RUNOFF; WATER-TREATMENT RESIDUALS; AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION; ALUMINUM SULFATE; LIVESTOCK WASTE; UREASE; AVAILABILITY; SOIL; CAMPYLOBACTER; EMISSIONS AB Poultry litter is a valuable nutrient source for crop production. Successful management to reduce ammonia and its harmful side-effects on poultry and the environment can be aided by the use of litter amendments. In this study, three acidifiers, two biological treatments, one chemical urease inhibitor and two adsorber amendments were added to poultry litter. Chemical, physical and microbiological properties of the litters were assessed at the beginning and the end of the experiment. Application of litter amendments consistently reduced organic N loss (0-15%) as compared to unamended litter (20%). Acidifiers reduced nitrogen loss through both chemical and microbiological processes. Adsorbent amendments (water treatment residuals and chitosan) reduced nitrogen loss and concentrations of ammonia-producing bacteria and fungi. The use of efficient, cost-effective litter amendments to maximum agronomic, environmental and financial benefits is essential for the future of sustainable poultry production. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Cook, Kimberly L.; Rothrock, Michael J., Jr.; Lovanh, Nanh; Sistani, Karamat] USDA ARS, Anim Waste Management Res Unit, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. [Eiteman, Mark A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Driftmier Engn Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Cook, KL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Waste Management Res Unit, 230 Bennett Lane, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. EM kim.cook@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; US Poultry and Egg Association [644] FX This research is funded by the USDA-ARS and by the US Poultry and Egg Association (Project #644). The authors wish to thank Rohan Parekh, Kati Ayers, Jason Simmons and Stacy Antle for their technical assistance. This research was part of USDA-ARS National Program 206: Manure and By-product Utilization. Mention of a trademark or product anywhere in this paper is to describe experimental procedures and does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that may also be suitable. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 92 IS 7 BP 1760 EP 1766 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.02.005 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 771XD UT WOS:000291193100011 PM 21371808 ER PT J AU Peyer, SM Hermanson, JC Lee, CE AF Peyer, Suzanne M. Hermanson, John C. Lee, Carol Eunmi TI Effects of shell morphology on mechanics of zebra and quagga mussel locomotion SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biological invasions; bivalve; functional morphology; Great Lakes; kinetic energy; locomotion; mollusc; moment of inertia; sediment ID FRESH-WATER MUSSELS; LOWER GREAT-LAKES; DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; TURNING PERFORMANCE; ROTATIONAL INERTIA; BUGENSIS; BEHAVIOR; ERIE; MOVEMENT AB Although zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) initially colonized shallow habitats within the North American Great Lakes, quagga mussels (Dreissena bugensis) are becoming dominant in both shallow-and deep-water habitats. Shell morphology differs among zebra, shallow quagga and deep quagga mussels but functional consequences of such differences are unknown. We examined effects of shell morphology on locomotion for the three morphotypes on hard (typical of shallow habitats) and soft (characteristic of deep habitats) sedimentary substrates. We quantified morphology using the polar moment of inertia, a parameter used in calculating kinetic energy that describes shell area distribution and resistance to rotation. We quantified mussel locomotion by determining the ratio of rotational (K(rot)) to translational kinetic energy (K(trans)). On hard substrate, K(rot): K(trans) of deep quagga mussels was fourfold greater than for the other morphotypes, indicating greater energy expenditure in rotation relative to translation. On soft substrate, K(rot): K(trans) of deep quagga mussels was approximately one-third of that on hard substrate, indicating lower energy expenditure in rotation on soft substrate. Overall, our study demonstrates that shell morphology correlates with differences in locomotion (i.e. K(rot): K(trans)) among morphotypes. Although deep quagga mussels were similar to zebra and shallow quagga mussels in terms of energy expenditure on sedimentary substrate, their morphology was energetically maladaptive for linear movement on hard substrate. As quagga mussels can possess two distinct morphotypes (i.e. shallow and deep morphs), they might more effectively utilize a broader range of substrates than zebra mussels, potentially enhancing their ability to colonize a wider range of habitats. C1 [Peyer, Suzanne M.; Lee, Carol Eunmi] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hermanson, John C.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Lee, Carol Eunmi] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Rapid Evolut CORE, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Peyer, SM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM smpeyer@wisc.edu RI Hermanson, John/K-8106-2015 OI Hermanson, John/0000-0002-3325-6665 FU Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute [R/LR-91]; Center for Limnology and Marine Sciences at the University of Wisconsin; Department of Zoology at the University of Wisconsin FX This work was supported by a grant from the Wisconsin Sea Grant Institute (R/LR-91, C.E.L.); an Anna Grant Birge Memorial Scholarship from the Center for Limnology and Marine Sciences at the University of Wisconsin (S.M.P.); and a Dr and Mrs. Carl A. Bunde Award from the Department of Zoology at the University of Wisconsin (S.M.P.). Dawn Dittman, Robert O'Gorman, Theodore Strang, Terry Lewchanin, Maureen Walsh and Edward Perry of the U.S. Geological Survey, and John Janssen of the University of Wisconsin WATER Institute assisted with mussel collections. Mark Eriksson provided programming assistance for processing data files. Amir Assadi, Janette Boughman, Warren Porter, Gregory Gelembiuk, Cecile Ane, Marijan Posavi, Davorka Gulisija and two anonymous reviewers offered helpful comments. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 18 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0022-0949 J9 J EXP BIOL JI J. Exp. Biol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 214 IS 13 BP 2226 EP 2236 DI 10.1242/jeb.053348 PG 11 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 774LC UT WOS:000291386300018 PM 21653816 ER PT J AU Marutani-Hert, M Evens, TJ McCollum, GT Niedz, RP AF Marutani-Hert, Mizuri Evens, Terence J. McCollum, Gregory T. Niedz, Randall P. TI Bud emergence and shoot growth from mature citrus nodal stem segments SO PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE LA English DT Article DE Citrus mitis; Citrus paradisi; Citrus sinensis; Adult phase; Nodal stem segments; Plant growth regulators; Woody plant ID TISSUE-CULTURES; REGENERATION; PLANTS; TRANSFORMATION; EXPLANTS; INVITRO AB Bud emergence and shoot growth from adult phase citrus nodal cultures were studied using Citrus mitis (calamondin), Citrus paradisi (grapefruit), and Citrus sinensis (sweet orange). The effects of 6-benzyladenine (BA), indole 3-acetic acid (IAA), and citrus type on shoot quality and growth of mature bud explants from greenhouse grown trees were determined using a 2-component mixture-amount x citrus type experiment. BA increased shoot number and IAA improved shoot growth. The best shoot quality (fewer shoots but large shoots) was obtained with 1 mu M IAA for calamondin, 15.5 mu M IAA for sweet orange, and 30 mu M IAA for grapefruit. Grapefruit exhibited substantial leaf abscission compared to calamondin and sweet orange. Four factors (AgNO(3), silver thiosulphate (STS), CaNO(3), or gelling) were screened individually for their efficacy in reducing leaf abscission. Five factors (AgNO(3), gelling, MS ion concentration, plant growth regulator and venting) were investigated to identify potential combinations for reducing leaf abscission and maximizing shoot growth and bud emergence. The factor combination identified as most effective in minimizing leaf drop, promoting shoot growth, and maximizing bud emergence for grapefruit was 2 mg l(-1) AgNO(3,) Gelrite, 1 x MS ion concentration, 30 mu M IAA, and vented. C1 [Marutani-Hert, Mizuri; Evens, Terence J.; McCollum, Gregory T.; Niedz, Randall P.] ARS, USDA, Hort & Breeding Unit, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Niedz, RP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort & Breeding Unit, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM randall.niedz@ars.usda.gov FU Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council [NAS 144] FX We thank Marjory Faulkner, Carrie Kahr, and Dave Lindsey for horticultural maintenance and care of greenhouse citrus trees. We thank Eldridge Wynn and Jessica Dennis for providing plant tissue culture technical assistance, advice, and laboratory maintenance. This research was supported by a grant from the Florida Citrus Advanced Technology Program of the Florida Citrus Production Research Advisory Council (NAS 144). NR 23 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6857 J9 PLANT CELL TISS ORG JI Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 106 IS 1 BP 81 EP 91 DI 10.1007/s11240-010-9896-0 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 771NB UT WOS:000291164600010 ER PT J AU Rugkong, A McQuinn, R Giovannoni, JJ Rose, JKC Watkins, CB AF Rugkong, Adirek McQuinn, Ryan Giovannoni, James J. Rose, Jocelyn K. C. Watkins, Christopher B. TI Expression of ripening-related genes in cold-stored tomato fruit SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chilling injury; Tomato; Gene expression; Fruit ripening; Ethylene receptor; Le-MADS-RIN ID LOW-TEMPERATURE STORAGE; CHILLING INJURY; CAROTENOID BIOSYNTHESIS; LYCOPERSICON-ESCULENTUM; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; ETHYLENE PERCEPTION; FLAVOR COMPOUNDS; MICROARRAY DATA; MESSENGER-RNAS; PLANTS AB The effects of chilling on fruit ripening and the expression of ripening-related genes have been investigated in M82IL2-2, a wild species introgression breeding tomato line (Solanum lycopersicum x Solanum pennellii). Fruit harvested at the breaker stage of ripening were stored at 3 C for 0, 1, 2 and 4 weeks, followed by 20 degrees C for 0-14d. Fruit stored for 1 week ripened normally, as assessed by red color development and softening at 20 C. but those stored for 2 or 4 weeks showed delayed or inhibited ripening. The concentrations of the carotenoids, phytoene, phytofluene, zeta (zeta)-carotene, gamma (gamma)-carotene and lycopene, but not lutein and beta-carotene, were reduced in chilled fruit. Microarray analysis showed that after storage at 3 C for 4 weeks, 352 genes were up-regulated by chilling, whereas 321 genes were down-regulated, while after 7 d at 20 degrees C, 180 and 126 genes, respectively, were up- and down-regulated in chilled fruit. Chilling-induced changes included expression of transcriptional repressors such as a C2H2-type zinc finger protein. Expression of genes involved in color development, including phytoene synthase1 (PSY1), carotenoid isomerase (CRTISO), geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase 2 (GGPPS2), and 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS), showed reduced expression during and after chilling, as did genes encoding the cell wall modifying proteins polygalacturonase (PG), pectin esterase1 (PE1), beta-galactosidase (TBG4), expansin1 (LeExp1), and xyloglucan endotransglucosylase-hydrolase 5 (XTH5). Alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (ADH2) and alcohol acyltransferase (AAT) gene expression was also reduced by chilling. Alteration of ethylene production correlated with the altered ACC synthases (ACS2. ACS4), and ACC oxidase (ACO1) expression. The expression of genes involved in the ethylene signal transduction pathway, such as LeETR1, NR, LeETR4, LeCTR1, LeEIL3, LeEIL4, and LeERF3, was altered by chilling, suggesting that ethylene perception and sensitivity were affected. Chilling also reduced gene expression of a ripening-regulated transcription factor, LeMADS-RIN. The effect of chilling on ethylene biosynthesis, ethylene perception, the expression of a transcription factor necessary for ripening, and transcriptional repressors may contribute to the alteration of fruit ripening in tomato. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rugkong, Adirek; Watkins, Christopher B.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Rugkong, Adirek] Prince Songkla Univ, Fac Nat Resources, Dept Plant Sci, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand. [McQuinn, Ryan; Giovannoni, James J.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Giovannoni, James J.] Cornell Univ, ARS, USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Rose, Jocelyn K. C.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Watkins, CB (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM cbw3@cornell.edu FU Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station [NE-1036]; Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture FX This research was supported by the Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, federal formula funds, Project NE-1036, received from the Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Adirek Rugkong was supported by a Department of Horticulture Assistantship. NR 61 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 61 IS 1 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2011.02.009 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 773DV UT WOS:000291288100001 ER PT J AU Biresaw, G Bantchev, GB Cermak, SC AF Biresaw, Girma Bantchev, Grigor B. Cermak, Steven C. TI Tribological Properties of Vegetable Oils Modified by Reaction with Butanethiol SO TRIBOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Antioxidants; Extreme pressure additives; Vegetable oils; Biodegradable oils; Oxidation resistance; Low temperature; Pour point; Viscosity; Viscosity-temperature ID DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY; LOW-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES; CLOUD-POINT CURVES; OXIDATIVE STABILITY; LUBRICANT DEGRADATION; METHYL LINOLEATE; ORGANIC SULFIDES; RAFT-POLYMERS; SOYBEAN OILS; COCONUT OIL AB Corn, canola, and castor-lauric estolide oils were chemically modified by photochemical direct reaction of butanethiol with the double bonds on the hydrocarbon chains. The effect of chemical modifications on viscosity, viscosity index (VI), pour point (PP), cloud point (CP), oxidation stability (RPVOT), 4-ball anti-wear (AW), and extreme pressure (EP) were investigated. The sulfide modified (SM) corn and canola oils showed increased viscosity, increased RPVOT time (more than one order of magnitude), reduced PP (9-18 A degrees C), and reduced VI. The SM estolide displayed similar trends in VI and RPVOT but showed no change in viscosity or cold flow. The SM oils, along with commercial mono- and polysulfide additives were also investigated as additives, at 0.6% (w/w) S concentration, in corn and polyalphaolefin (PAO) base fluids. In both fluids, the additives resulted in minor changes of PP, CP, coefficient of friction, wear scar diameter (WSD), and weld point (WP). Only the commercial polysulfide EP additive displayed large WP increases in the fluids. The additives resulted in no change of oxidation stability of corn oil, but displayed big improvement in the oxidation stability of PAO (8 to 16-fold increase in RPVOT time). The difference in the effect of the additives on the oxidation stability of PAO versus corn oil was attributed to the difference in the reactive hydrogen contents in the two base fluids relative to those in the additives. An empirical equation, for correlating change in RPVOT time with change in bond dissociation energy of reactive protons before and after chemical modification, is proposed. C1 [Biresaw, Girma; Bantchev, Grigor B.; Cermak, Steven C.] ARS, Biooils Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Biresaw, G (reprint author), ARS, Biooils Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM girma.biresaw@ars.usda.gov OI Bantchev, Grigor/0000-0003-2790-5195 NR 78 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 17 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1023-8883 J9 TRIBOL LETT JI Tribol. Lett. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 43 IS 1 BP 17 EP 32 DI 10.1007/s11249-011-9780-z PG 16 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 772UP UT WOS:000291262900002 ER PT J AU Sullivan, TJ Cosby, BJ Jackson, WA Snyder, KU Herlihy, AT AF Sullivan, Timothy J. Cosby, Bernard J. Jackson, William A. Snyder, Kai U. Herlihy, Alan T. TI Acidification and Prognosis for Future Recovery of Acid-Sensitive Streams in the Southern Blue Ridge Province SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Sulfur; Atmospheric deposition; Base cation; Acidification; Modeling ID SURFACE-WATER ACIDIFICATION; AFFORESTED CATCHMENTS; SULFUR DEPOSITION; REGIONAL MODEL; BASE CHEMISTRY; RECONSTRUCTIONS; NORWAY; MANIPULATION; MOUNTAINS AB This study applied the Model of Acidification of Groundwater in Catchments (MAGIC) to estimate the sensitivity of 66 watersheds in the Southern Blue Ridge Province of the Southern Appalachian Mountains, United States, to changes in atmospheric sulfur (S) deposition. MAGIC predicted that stream acid neutralizing capacity (ANC) values were above 20 mu eq/L in all modeled watersheds in 1860. Hindcast simulations suggested that the median historical acidification of the modeled streams was a loss of about 25 mu eq/L of ANC between 1860 and 2005. Although the model projected substantial changes in soil and stream chemistry since pre-industrial times, simulated future changes in response to emission controls were small. Results suggested that modeled watersheds would not change to a large degree with respect to stream ANC or soil % base saturation over the next century in response to a rather large decrease in atmospheric S deposition. Nevertheless, the magnitude of the relatively small simulated future changes in stream and soil chemistry depended on the extent to which S emissions are reduced. This projection of minimal recovery in response to large future S emissions reductions is important for designing appropriate management strategies for acid-impacted water and soil resources. Exploratory analyses were conducted to put some of the major modeling uncertainties into perspective. C1 [Sullivan, Timothy J.] E&S Environm Chem, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA. [Cosby, Bernard J.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Jackson, William A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC USA. [Herlihy, Alan T.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Sullivan, TJ (reprint author), E&S Environm Chem, POB 609, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA. EM tim.sullivan@esenvironmental.com RI Cosby, Bernard/B-5653-2012 FU U.S. Forest Service, Southern Research Station FX This research was funded by a contract from the U.S. Forest Service, Southern Research Station, to E&S Environmental Chemistry, Inc. Interpolated wet deposition estimates were provided by J. Grimm. This manuscript has not been subjected to agency review, and no official endorsement is implied. NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 219 IS 1-4 BP 11 EP 26 DI 10.1007/s11270-010-0680-x PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 772QM UT WOS:000291249700003 ER PT J AU Agrawal, SG King, KW Fischer, EN Woner, DN AF Agrawal, Sheela G. King, Kevin W. Fischer, Eric N. Woner, Dedra N. TI PO43- Removal by and Permeability of Industrial Byproducts and Minerals: Granulated Blast Furnace Slag, Cement Kiln Dust, Coconut Shell Activated Carbon, Silica Sand, and Zeolite SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Phosphate; Sorption; Industrial byproducts; Activated carbon; Slag; Zeolite ID AGRICULTURAL PHOSPHORUS; PHOSPHATE ADSORPTION; SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; SORPTION; PRECIPITATION; EQUILIBRIUM; IONS; PARAMETERS; TRANSPORT AB Excess PO (4) (3-) from agricultural subsurface drainage and runoff degrades the overall water quality of the receiving surface waters in a cumulatively damaging process known as eutrophication. In the past 25 years, PO (4) (3-) removal by industrial byproducts and minerals has received considerable attention because these materials are both abundant and inexpensive. In this study, the saturated falling-head hydraulic conductivity and phosphate removal capability of granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS), cement kiln dust (CKD), zeolite, silica sand, and coconut shell activated carbon (CS-AC) were assessed. GBFS, zeolite, silica sand, CS-AC, and 5:95% and 10:90% CKD/sand blends all exhibited hydraulic conductivities a parts per thousand yen0.001 cm/s. GBFS and the CKD/sand blends exhibited > 98% PO (4) (3-) removal while CS-AC removed 70-79% of initial PO (4) (3-) concentrations. In contrast, silica sand and zeolite removed 21-58% of PO (4) (3-) . The phosphate removal data for each material was modeled against the Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich, and Frumkin sorption isotherms to yield insight into possible removal mechanisms. Overall, GBFS, CKD, zeolite, silica sand, and CS-AC were sufficiently permeable and removed significant amounts of PO (4) (3-) and should be considered for use in treatment of agricultural effluent. C1 [Agrawal, Sheela G.; King, Kevin W.; Fischer, Eric N.; Woner, Dedra N.] ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43202 USA. RP Agrawal, SG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, 590 Woody Hayes Dr, Columbus, OH 43202 USA. EM sheela.agrawal@usda.ars.gov FU USGA FX The authors wish to thank Paul Ruehl of LaFarge North America, and Joe McEnaney of St. Cloud Mining (New Mexico) for providing the materials tested, the USGA for funding support, Carl Bolster (USDA-ARS) for statistical expertise, Barry Allred (USDA-ARS) for technical assistance, and both Sarah Hess (USDA-ARS) and Jeff Risley (USDA-ARS) for experimental assistance and sample processing. NR 41 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 219 IS 1-4 BP 91 EP 101 DI 10.1007/s11270-010-0686-4 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA 772QM UT WOS:000291249700009 ER PT J AU Jay, CV Marcot, BG Douglas, DC AF Jay, Chadwick V. Marcot, Bruce G. Douglas, David C. TI Projected status of the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) in the twenty-first century SO POLAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Status; Walrus; Odobenus; Bayesian network; Sea ice ID ARCTIC MARINE MAMMALS; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; ALASKA; SEA; 21ST-CENTURY; CONSERVATION; BIOGEOGRAPHY; PINNIPEDS; ECOLOGY AB Extensive and rapid losses of sea ice in the Arctic have raised conservation concerns for the Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens), a large pinniped inhabiting arctic and subarctic continental shelf waters of the Chukchi and Bering seas. We developed a Bayesian network model to integrate potential effects of changing environmental conditions and anthropogenic stressors on the future status of the Pacific walrus population at four periods through the twenty-first century. The model framework allowed for inclusion of various sources and levels of knowledge, and representation of structural and parameter uncertainties. Walrus outcome probabilities through the century reflected a clear trend of worsening conditions for the subspecies. From the current observation period to the end of century, the greatest change in walrus outcome probabilities was a progressive decrease in the outcome state of robust and a concomitant increase in the outcome state of vulnerable. The probabilities of rare and extirpated states each progressively increased but remained < 10% through the end of the century. The summed probabilities of vulnerable, rare, and extirpated (P(v,r,e)) increased from a current level of 10% in 2004 to 22% by 2050 and 40% by 2095. The degree of uncertainty in walrus outcomes increased monotonically over future periods. In the model, sea ice habitat (particularly for summer/fall) and harvest levels had the greatest influence on future population outcomes. Other potential stressors had much smaller influences on walrus outcomes, mostly because of uncertainty in their future states and our current poor understanding of their mechanistic influence on walrus abundance. C1 [Jay, Chadwick V.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Marcot, Bruce G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland Forestry Sci Lab, Portland, OR 97205 USA. [Douglas, David C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. RP Jay, CV (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM cjay@usgs.gov FU US Geological Survey FX Funding for this project was provided by the US Geological Survey. We are grateful for the helpful comments and suggestions from S. Amstrup, A. Boltunov, J. Garlich-Miller, B. Kelly, and A. Kochnev at various stages in the development of this study. L. Kava, G. Noongwook, C. Pungowiyi, R. Toolie, and C. Waghiyi of Savoonga generously shared knowledge of walruses and other wildlife in the St. Lawrence Island area. T. Demere kindly provided comments and improved our discussion of walrus paleobiogeography. We thank US Fish and Wildlife Service, Marine Mammals Management Office, for providing walrus harvest data. Mention of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the federal government. NR 61 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 5 U2 68 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0722-4060 EI 1432-2056 J9 POLAR BIOL JI Polar Biol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 34 IS 7 BP 1065 EP 1084 DI 10.1007/s00300-011-0967-4 PG 20 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 769VR UT WOS:000291046900011 ER PT J AU Montanti, J Nghiem, NP Johnston, DB AF Montanti, Justin Nghiem, Nhuan P. Johnston, David B. TI Production of Astaxanthin from Cellulosic Biomass Sugars by Mutants of the Yeast Phaffia rhodozyma SO APPLIED BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Phaffia rhodozyma; Astaxanthin; Barley straw; Sugarcane bagasse; Cellulosic biomass AB Astaxanthin is a potential high-value coproduct in an ethanol biorefinery. Three mutant strains of the astaxanthin-producing yeast Phaffia rhodozyma, which were derived from the parent strain ATCC 24202 (UCD 67-210) and designated JTM166, JTM185, and SSM19, were tested for their capability of utilizing the major sugars that can be generated from cellulosic biomass, including glucose, xylose, and arabinose, for astaxanthin production. While all three strains were capable of metabolizing these sugars, individually and in mixtures, JTM185 demonstrated the greatest sugar utilization and astaxanthin production. Astaxanthin yield by this strain (milligrams astaxanthin per gram of sugar consumed) was highest for xylose, followed by arabinose and then glucose. The kinetics of sugar utilization by strain JTM185 was studied in fermenters using mixtures of glucose, xylose, and arabinose at varied concentrations. It was found that glucose was utilized preferentially, followed by xylose, and lastly, arabinose. Astaxanthin yield was significantly affected by sugar concentrations. Highest yields were observed with sugar mixtures containing the highest concentrations of xylose and arabinose. Hydrolysates produced from sugarcane bagasse and barley straw pretreated by the soaking in aqueous ammonia method and hydrolyzed with the commercial cellulase preparation, Accellerase (TM) 1000, were used for astaxanthin production by the mutant strain JTM185. The organism was capable of metabolizing all of the sugars present in the hydrolysates from both biomass sources and produced similar amounts of astaxanthin from both hydrolysates, although these amounts were lower when compared to yields obtained with reagent grade sugars. C1 [Nghiem, Nhuan P.; Johnston, David B.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Montanti, Justin] Clemson Univ, Dept Biosyst Engn, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. RP Nghiem, NP (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM John.Nghiem@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 22 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 0273-2289 J9 APPL BIOCHEM BIOTECH JI Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 164 IS 5 BP 655 EP 665 DI 10.1007/s12010-011-9165-7 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 766RJ UT WOS:000290803900009 PM 21274657 ER PT J AU Gaskin, JF Bon, MC Cock, MJW Cristofaro, M De Biase, A De Clerck-Floate, R Ellison, CA Hinz, HL Hufbauer, RA Julien, MH Sforza, R AF Gaskin, John F. Bon, Marie-Claude Cock, Matthew J. W. Cristofaro, Massimo De Biase, Alessio De Clerck-Floate, Rose Ellison, Carol A. Hinz, Hariet L. Hufbauer, Ruth A. Julien, Mic H. Sforza, Rene TI Applying molecular-based approaches to classical biological control of weeds SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Review DE Biological control; Weeds; Invasion; Molecular; Arthropods; Microorganisms; Fungi ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; APPROXIMATE BAYESIAN COMPUTATION; MECINUS-JANTHINUS GERMAR; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; THISTLE CIRSIUM-ARVENSE; HOST-SPECIFICITY TEST; NORTH-AMERICA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; CONTROL AGENT; POPULATION-STRUCTURE AB The use of molecular techniques is rapidly growing as the tools have become more diverse and powerful, more widely available, and easier to implement. Molecular analyses are able to elucidate information about target weeds that is critical to improving control success, such as taxonomic clarification, evidence of hybridization and cryptic species, better development of test plant lists, population structure and origin of invasions. Similarly, molecular approaches can improve our knowledge of biological control agents, providing taxonomic clarity, identification of immature arthropods and fungal pathogens, and description of genetic variability in agents. Molecular tools also allow easier identification of host associations and provide a tool for post-release evaluation and tracking of agents. This review provides an overview of how to use molecular approaches in biological control of weeds, with the aim of assisting the adoption and facilitating fruitful collaboration between scientists studying the biology and ecology of agents and their targets and those with skills using molecular approaches. We describe the current molecular techniques relevant to classical biological control of weeds, instruct how to collect field materials for molecular analyses, and give recent examples of the use of molecular methods in biological control of weeds, with comments on the most appropriate methods for analysis of molecular data. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Gaskin, John F.] USDA ARS, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Bon, Marie-Claude; Sforza, Rene] USDA ARS, European Biol Control Labs, F-34980 Montferrier Le Lez, France. [Cock, Matthew J. W.; Hinz, Hariet L.] CABI Europe Switzerland, CH-2800 Delemont, Switzerland. [Cristofaro, Massimo] UTAGRI ECO BBCA, ENEA Casaccia, I-00123 Rome, Italy. [De Biase, Alessio] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dept Biol & Biotechnol Charles Darwin, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [De Clerck-Floate, Rose] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Lethbridge Res Ctr, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada. [Ellison, Carol A.] CABI Europe UK, Surrey TW20 9TY, England. [Hufbauer, Ruth A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hufbauer, Ruth A.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Julien, Mic H.] Ecosci Precinct, CSIRO Ecosyst Sci, Dutton Pk, Qld 4102, Australia. RP Gaskin, JF (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM john.gaskin@ars.usda.gov OI Cock, Matthew/0000-0003-2484-3021 NR 247 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 68 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JUL PY 2011 VL 58 IS 1 BP 1 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.03.015 PG 21 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 766LE UT WOS:000290782900001 ER PT J AU Szucs, M Schwarzlander, M Gaskin, JF AF Szucs, Marianna Schwarzlaender, Mark Gaskin, John F. TI Reevaluating establishment and potential hybridization of different biotypes of the biological control agent Longitarsus jacobaeae using molecular tools SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Ragwort flea beetle; Senecio jacobaea; Jacobaea vulgaris; Biological control agent biotypes; Intraspecific hybridization; AFLP ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; TANSY RAGWORT; COLEOPTERA-CHRYSOMELIDAE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; FLEA BEETLE; SENECIO-JACOBAEA; LIFE-HISTORY; INFERENCE; SPECIFICITY; SUITABILITY AB Evaluation of past and current biological control programs using molecular tools can clarify establishment success of agent biotypes, and can contribute to our understanding of best practice for natural enemy importations. The flea beetle, Longitarsus jacobaeae Waterhouse (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) has successfully controlled the weed tansy ragwort, Jacobaea vulgaris Gaertn., in Pacific coastal areas of the USA. A L. jacobaeae biotype introduced in 1969 from Italy is assumed to provide this control. A cold-adapted biotype from Switzerland was also released in 1969 to California, but its establishment was never confirmed. Recent infestations of tansy ragwort into parts of Montana with continental, winter-cold climates prompted introduction of the Swiss biotype in 2002. The Italian and Swiss biotypes cannot be separated morphologically and are able to hybridize in the laboratory. We used amplified fragment length polymorphisms to assess which biotypes established in California, Oregon, and Montana at sites with varying climatic conditions, and whether the biotypes have hybridized in nature. The analysis was based on 216 L. jacobaeae individuals collected from 13 populations in the introduced and native ranges in 2006 and 2007. Clustering and assignment tests showed that the Italian biotype successfully established at all study sites, including those characterized by continental, winter-cold climates. We also found hybrids of the two parental biotypes, which in one study location constituted 47% of the population. Future studies are needed to evaluate whether to release either biotype alone or in combination on new tansy ragwort infestations in winter-cold climates in North America. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Szucs, Marianna; Schwarzlaender, Mark] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Gaskin, John F.] USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Szucs, M (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, POB 83844-2339, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM mariannaszucs@vandals.uidaho.edu; markschw@uidaho.edu; john.gaskin@ars.usda.gov FU Palouse Cooperative Weed Management Area, Moscow, ID; US Forest Service Clearwater National Forest, Potlatch Ranger Station, Potlatch, ID; Potlatch Corporation, Spokane, WA; University of Idaho's Department of Plant, Soil and Entomological Sciences; University of Idaho, Moscow, ID [U80085/02ORO] FX We thank Eric Coombs, Carlo Tronci, Jeff Littlefield, Urs Schaffner, Baldo Villegas and Laura Parsons for help with sample collections. We are grateful to Kim Mann for providing training on generating AFLPs; David Tank for assistance with trouble shooting and use of equipment in his laboratory. We also thank Sanford Eigenbrode and Urs Schaffner for their help revising an earlier version of this manuscript and providing valuable comments. This research was partially funded by the Palouse Cooperative Weed Management Area, Moscow, ID; The US Forest Service Clearwater National Forest, Potlatch Ranger Station, Potlatch, ID; The Potlatch Corporation, Spokane, WA; the University of Idaho's Department of Plant, Soil and Entomological Sciences; and Grant No. U80085/02ORO from the Student Grant Program at the University of Idaho, Moscow, ID. This is a publication of the Idaho Agricultural Experimental Station. NR 64 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JUL PY 2011 VL 58 IS 1 BP 44 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.03.010 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 766LE UT WOS:000290782900005 ER PT J AU Davis, GA Havill, NP Adelman, ZN Caccone, A Kok, LT Salom, SM AF Davis, G. A. Havill, N. P. Adelman, Z. N. Caccone, A. Kok, L. T. Salom, S. M. TI DNA barcodes and molecular diagnostics to distinguish an introduced and native Laricobius (Coleoptera: Derodontidae) species in eastern North America SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE DNA barcoding; PCR-RFLP; Real-time PCR; Cryptic species; Hemlock woolly adelgid; Laricobius nigrinus; Laricobius rubidus ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; WOOLLY ADELGID HEMIPTERA; REAL-TIME PCR; NIGRINUS COLEOPTERA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; UNITED-STATES; PREDATORS; HOMOPTERA; IDENTIFICATION; PARASITOIDS AB Molecular diagnostics based on DNA barcodes can be powerful identification tools in the absence of distinctive morphological characters for distinguishing between closely related species. A specific example is distinguishing the endemic species Laricobius rubidus from Laricobius nigrinus, a biological control agent of hemlock woolly adelgid introduced into the eastern United States. This is especially important because their larvae are morphologically similar and are often collected together in stands where pines and hemlock grow together. Diagnostic nucleotide differences to distinguish species were determined using 157 L. nigrinus and 205 L. rubidus cytochrome oxidase I (COI) barcode DNA sequences. Two polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were developed: PCR followed by restriction length polymorphism (RFLP) and real-time PCR (qPCR) based on hydrolysis probes. The qPCR assay had limited success when applied to L. nigrinus originating from inland vs. coastal populations in the western United States. PCR-RFLP was successful, regardless of sample origin. These two species-specific assays provide a choice of diagnostic tools to best match the available lab equipment and management objectives for those using L. nigrinus as a biological control agent. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Davis, G. A.; Adelman, Z. N.; Kok, L. T.; Salom, S. M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Havill, N. P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Hamden, CT 06514 USA. [Caccone, A.] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. RP Davis, GA (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM gina21@vt.edu RI Kok, Loke/G-9922-2016; OI Kok, Loke/0000-0002-5734-3472; Adelman, Zach/0000-0001-5901-7171 FU USDA Forest Service [06-CA-11244225-292, 06-JV-11242300-058] FX We thank Joanne Klein, David Mausel, Richard McDonald, Darrell Ross, Kimberly Wallin, Maya Nehme, and Ryan Mays for collecting beetles, and Joanne Klein, DeAdra Newman, Chris Miller, and Brenna Traver for technical support. This research was supported by USDA Forest Service Cooperative Agreement 06-CA-11244225-292 to S. M. S., and 06-JV-11242300-058 to A.C. NR 46 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 19 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JUL PY 2011 VL 58 IS 1 BP 53 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2011.03.016 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 766LE UT WOS:000290782900006 ER PT J AU Jensen, AM Lof, M Gardiner, ES AF Jensen, Anna M. Lof, Magnus Gardiner, Emile S. TI Effects of above- and below-ground competition from shrubs on photosynthesis, transpiration and growth in Quercus robur L. seedlings SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Pedunculate oak; Neighboring effect; Vertical light gradient; Light acclimation; Photosynthetic capacity ID FAGUS-SYLVATICA L; OAK SEEDLINGS; INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; POSITIVE INTERACTIONS; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; ROOT COMPETITION; TREE SEEDLINGS; SAP FLOW; FOREST; VEGETATION AB For a tree seedling to successfully establish in dense shrubbery, it must maintain function under heterogeneous resource availability. We evaluated leaf-level acclimation in photosynthetic capacity, seedling-level transpiration, and seedling morphology and growth to gain an understanding of the effects of above- and below-ground competition on Quercus robur seedlings. Experimental seedlings were established in a typical southern Swedish shrub community where they received 1 of 4 competition levels (above-ground, below-ground, above- and below-ground, or no competition), and leaf-level responses were examined between two growth flushes. Two years after establishment, first-flush leaves from seedlings receiving above-ground competition showed a maximum rate of photosynthesis (A(max)) 40% lower than those of control seedlings. With the development of a second flush above the shrub canopy, A(max) of these seedlings increased to levels equivalent to those of seedlings free of light competition. Shrubby competition reduced oak seedling transpiration such that seedlings exposed to above- and below-ground competition showed rates 43% lower than seedlings that were not exposed to competition. The impaired physiological function of oak seedlings growing amid competition ultimately led to a 60-74% reduction in leaf area, 29-36% reduction in basal diameter, and a 38-78% reduction in total biomass accumulation, but root to shoot ratio was not affected. Our findings also indicate that above-ground competition reduced A(max), transpiration and biomass accumulation more so than below-ground competition. Nevertheless, oak seedlings exhibited the ability to develop subsequent growth flushes with leaves that had an A(max) acclimated to utilize increased light availability. Our findings highlight the importance of flush-level acclimation under conditions of heterogeneous resource availability, and the capacity of oak seedlings to initiate a positive response to moderate competition in a shrub community. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Jensen, Anna M.; Lof, Magnus] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, So Swedish Forest Res Ctr, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden. [Gardiner, Emile S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Jensen, AM (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, So Swedish Forest Res Ctr, POB 49, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden. EM Anna.Jensen@slu.se OI Jensen, Anna Monrad/0000-0001-5113-5624 FU Stina Werner's Foundation; Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning; research program Sustainable Management in Hardwood Forests FX We thank Emma Holmstom, Sandra Alexandersson and Kent Hansson for field assistance. We thank Maria Birkedal and two anonymous reviewers for their interesting and useful comments. This study was financed by Stina Werner's Foundation, the Swedish Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning and the research program Sustainable Management in Hardwood Forests. NR 63 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-8472 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 71 IS 3 BP 367 EP 375 DI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2011.02.005 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 756LU UT WOS:000290013500006 ER PT J AU Aubrey, DP Boyles, JG Krysinsky, LS Teskey, RO AF Aubrey, Doug P. Boyles, Justin G. Krysinsky, Laura S. Teskey, Robert O. TI Spatial and temporal patterns of xylem sap pH derived from stems and twigs of Populus deltoides L. SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Dissolved carbon dioxide; Dissolved inorganic carbon; Henry's law; Internal carbon transport; Respiration; Transpiration ID VESSEL-ASSOCIATED CELLS; SEASONAL-VARIATION; INTRACELLULAR PH; EXTERNAL FLUXES; ABSCISIC-ACID; CO2 EFFLUX; PLANTS; TREES; CARBON; RESPIRATION AB Xylem sap pH (pH(X)) is critical in determining the quantity of inorganic carbon dissolved in xylem solution from gaseous [CO2] measurements. Studies of internal carbon transport have generally assumed that pH(X) derived from stems and twigs is similar and that pH(X) remains constant through time; however, no empirical studies have investigated these assumptions. If any of these assumptions are violated, potentially large errors can be introduced into calculations of dissolved CO2 in xylem and resulting estimates of internal carbon transport. We tested the validity of assumptions related to pH(X) in Populus deltoides L. with a series of non-manipulative experiments. The pH(X) derived from stems and twigs was generally similar and remained relatively constant through a diel period. The only exception was that pH(X) derived from lower stem sections at night was higher than that derived from twigs. The pH x derived from stems was similar on clear days when solar radiation and vapor pressure deficit (VPD) were similar, but higher on an overcast day when solar radiation and VPD were lower. Similarly, cloudy conditions immediately before an afternoon thunderstorm increased pH(X) derived from twigs. The pH(X) derived from twigs remained similar when measured on sunny afternoons between July and October. Our results suggest that common assumptions of pH(X) used in studies of internal carbon transport appear valid for P. deltoides and further suggest pH(X) is influenced by environmental factors, such as solar radiation and VPD that affect transpiration rates. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Aubrey, Doug P.; Teskey, Robert O.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Boyles, Justin G.] Univ Pretoria, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Krysinsky, Laura S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Aiken, SC 29803 USA. RP Aubrey, DP (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 E Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM daubrey@uga.edu RI Aubrey, Doug/A-3455-2011; Boyles, Justin/A-5152-2010 FU Department of Energy-Savannah River Operations Office through the U.S. Forest Service Savannah River; Forest Service Southern Research Station [IA09-00SR22188]; Robert W. Woodruff Foundation through the Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center FX Support was provided by the Department of Energy-Savannah River Operations Office through the U.S. Forest Service Savannah River and the Forest Service Southern Research Station under Interagency Agreement DE-IA09-00SR22188. We especially thank J. Blake, M. Coleman, and C. Trettin for access to experimental study plots. DPA was partially supported by the Robert W. Woodruff Foundation through the Joseph W. Jones Ecological Research Center. NR 43 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0098-8472 EI 1873-7307 J9 ENVIRON EXP BOT JI Environ. Exp. Bot. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 71 IS 3 BP 376 EP 381 DI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2011.02.006 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 756LU UT WOS:000290013500007 ER PT J AU Koskiniemi, CB Truong, VD Simunovic, J McFeeters, RF AF Koskiniemi, Craig B. Van-Den Truong Simunovic, Josip McFeeters, Roger F. TI Improvement of heating uniformity in packaged acidified vegetables pasteurized with a 915 MHz continuous microwave system SO JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Heating uniformity; Continuous microwave processing; Penetration depths; Pasteurization; Acidified vegetables ID SWEET-POTATO PUREES; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; FOOD MATERIALS; STERILIZATION; TEMPERATURE; SOLUTES AB Continuous microwave processing to produce shelf-stable acidified vegetables with moderate to high salt contents poses challenges in pasteurization due to reduced microwave penetration depths and non-uniform heating. Cups of sweetpotato, red bell pepper, and broccoli acidified to pH 3.8 with citric acid solution containing 0-1% NaCl were placed on a conveyor belt and passed through a microwave tunnel operating at 915 MHz and 4 kW with a 4 min residence time. The time-temperature profiles of vegetable pieces at 5 locations in the package were measured using fiber optic temperature sensors. Addition of 1% NaCl to the cover solution lowered microwave penetration into vegetable pieces and decreased the mean temperature in cups of acidified vegetables from 84 to 73 degrees C. Soaking blanched vegetables for 24 h in a solution with NaCl and citric acid prior to processing improved microwave heating. Heating was non-uniform in all packages with a cold spot of approximately 60 C at a point in the container farthest from the incident microwaves. More uniform heating was achieved by implementation of a two-stage rotation apparatus to rotate vegetable cups 180 degrees during processing. Rotating the cups resulted in more uniform heating and a temperature of 77 degrees C at the cold spot. This is above the industrial standard of 74 degrees C for in-pack pasteurization of acidified vegetables. The effective treatment involved blanching, soaking for 24 h in a NaCl and citric acid solution, and 180 degrees rotation. This work has contributed to a better understanding of the influence of salt addition and distribution during dielectric heating of acidified vegetables using a 915 MHz continuous microwave system. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Van-Den Truong; McFeeters, Roger F.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, SAA, Food Sci Res Unit,Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Truong, VD (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, SAA, Food Sci Res Unit,Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, 322 Schaub Hall,Box 7624, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM den.truong@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0260-8774 J9 J FOOD ENG JI J. Food Eng. PD JUL PY 2011 VL 105 IS 1 BP 149 EP 160 DI 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2011.02.019 PG 12 WC Engineering, Chemical; Food Science & Technology SC Engineering; Food Science & Technology GA 753GV UT WOS:000289761200017 ER PT J AU Muniz, CR Freire, FCO Viana, FMP Cardoso, JE Cooke, P Wood, D Guedes, MIF AF Muniz, C. R. Freire, F. C. O. Viana, F. M. P. Cardoso, J. E. Cooke, P. Wood, D. Guedes, M. I. F. TI Colonization of cashew plants by Lasiodiplodia theobromae: Microscopical features SO MICRON LA English DT Review DE Anacardium occidentale L.; Immunofluorescence; Cell wall degradation; Endophytic fungi ID BOTRYODIPLODIA-THEOBROMAE; BLUE STAIN; DISEASE; DEGRADATION; RUBBERWOOD; GUMMOSIS; BRAZIL AB Lasiodiplodia theobromae is a phytopathogenic fungus causing gummosis, a threatening disease for cashew plants in Brazil. In an attempt to investigate the ultrastructural features of the pathogen colonization and its response to immunofluorescence labeling, light, confocal and electron microscope studies were conducted on different severity scale patterns of diseased plants. Lasiodiplodia-antisera was checked for cross reactivity against common cashew plants fungi. Optical microscopy analysis revealed a longitudinally sectioned hyphae located within the xylem vessels, showing an extensive hyphal development in the secondary xylem tissue. SEM images demonstrated that the fungus was found in some asymptomatic samples, particularly within the xylem vessels as confirmed by the optical images. Symptomatic sample images showed an extensive distribution of the fungus along the secondary xylem, within the vessels, infecting xylem parenchyma. A closer look in the secondary xylem parenchyma reveals a heavy and profuse invasion of the cells with a distinguishable cell wall disintegration and fully hyphae dispersal. There was no reactivity of Lasiodiplodia-antisera against mycelial extracts of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Phomopsis anardii and Pestalotiopsis guepinii. Following incubation of sections with the polyclonal antisera, the hyphae were intensely and regularly labeled. Rays, vessels and parenchyma cells were the preferred pathway for L. theobromae colonization. Artificial infection provides the information that the vascular cylinder is undoubtedly employed and used by the fungus for hyphae distribution. Immunofluorescence assay employed in situ was applied and the polyclonal antisera produced was able to recognize the fungus and proved to be a sensitive technique to detect it. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Guedes, M. I. F.] Univ Estadual Ceara, Ctr Ciencia Saude, BR-1700 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. [Muniz, C. R.; Freire, F. C. O.; Viana, F. M. P.; Cardoso, J. E.] Empresa Brasileira Pesquisa Agropecuaria, Ctr Nacl Pesquisa Agroind Trop, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. [Cooke, P.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Wood, D.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Guedes, MIF (reprint author), Univ Estadual Ceara, Ctr Ciencia Saude, Av Paranjana, BR-1700 Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. EM florinfg@terra.com.br RI Guedes, Maria Izabel/C-3755-2016; OI Muniz, Celli/0000-0003-3977-8533 FU Embrapa Labex USA FX We wish to thank Embrapa Labex USA for the support received during the experiments, especially to Luiz H.C. Mattoso and Pedro Antonio Arraes Pereira. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 20 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0968-4328 J9 MICRON JI Micron PD JUL PY 2011 VL 42 IS 5 BP 419 EP 428 DI 10.1016/j.micron.2010.12.003 PG 10 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA 747MB UT WOS:000289322900006 PM 21194959 ER PT J AU Lee, KM Armstrong, PR Thomasson, JA Sui, RX Casada, M Herrman, TJ AF Lee, Kyung-Min Armstrong, Paul R. Thomasson, J. Alex Sui, Ruixiu Casada, Mark Herrman, Timothy J. TI Application of binomial and multinomial probability statistics to the sampling design process of a global grain tracing and recall system SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Grain traceability system; Sampling design process; Binomial probability distribution; Multinomial probability distribution; Sample size ID SIMULTANEOUS CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS; PROPORTIONS; WHEAT; SIZE AB Small, coded, pill sized tracers embedded in grains are proposed as a method to store a historical record of grains and retrieve coded information for grain traceability. This study aimed to develop and validate a statistical sampling procedure to securely collect sample sizes (kg) and number of tracers since the sampling accuracy is critical in the proposed traceability system for capturing information and data related to grain lots to trace the grain back through the route in a grain supply chain. The statistical results and observations showed similar concentrations and insignificant segregation of tracers in bin and truck operations. The number of tracers required for identification of grain sources fell within the confidence intervals and sample sizes (kg) estimated by statistical probability methods. Truck sampling appeared more feasible in collecting the secure number of tracers over bin sampling. The designed sampling process was empirically proven to be practically applicable and provide better scientific assurance of sampling accuracy, which may reduce economic risks and their consequent costs caused by unfavorable sampling in the propose traceability system. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Kyung-Min; Herrman, Timothy J.] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas Agr Expt Stn, Off Texas State Chemist, College Stn, TX 77841 USA. [Armstrong, Paul R.; Casada, Mark] ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Thomasson, J. Alex] Texas A&M Univ, Biol & Agr Engn Dept, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Sui, Ruixiu] ARS, Cotton Ginning Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Herrman, TJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas Agr Expt Stn, Off Texas State Chemist, College Stn, TX 77841 USA. EM tjh@otsc.tamu.edu FU National Research Initiative of the USDA-CSREES FX The authors acknowledge that this research was supported by the National Research Initiative of the USDA-CSREES Plant Biosecurity Program. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD JUL PY 2011 VL 22 IS 7 BP 1085 EP 1094 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2010.12.016 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 741RR UT WOS:000288882500011 ER PT J AU Navarre, DA Pillai, SS Shakya, R Holden, MJ AF Navarre, Duroy A. Pillai, Syamkumar S. Shakya, Roshani Holden, Margaret J. TI HPLC profiling of phenolics in diverse potato genotypes SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Phytonutrients; Phenolics; Antioxidants; Flavonols; Chlorogenic acid; Potato; Solanum tuberosum L.; Wild-species ID SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM L.; TOTAL ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; COMMON VEGETABLES; BETA-CAROTENE; CULTIVARS; METABOLOMICS; CONSUMPTION; PATHWAYS; REVEALS; PLANTS AB Potatoes from over fifty genotypes representing cultivars, breeding lines, primitive germplasm and wild species were analysed for phenolic content and hydrophilic antioxidant capacity. Genotypes with markedly higher amounts than the most commonly consumed potatoes were identified. Chlorogenic acid was the most abundant phenolic and ranged from 22 to 473 mg/100 g dry weight. Rutin and kaempferol-3-rutinose were the most abundant flavonols. Total phenolics ranged from 1.8 to 11 mg/g DW and antioxidant capacity from 27 to 219 mu mol TE/g DW. Total phenolics and antioxidants in these high-phytonutrient potatoes compared favourably to 15 other analysed vegetables. With the high per capita consumption of potatoes, widespread adoption of high-phytonutrient cultivars could significantly increase dietary intake of phytonutrients. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Navarre, Duroy A.; Holden, Margaret J.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Navarre, Duroy A.; Pillai, Syamkumar S.; Shakya, Roshani] Washington State Univ, Irrigated Agr & Extens Res Ctr, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Navarre, DA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM roy.navarre@ars.usda.gov RI sivasankara pillai, syamkumar/L-7324-2016 OI sivasankara pillai, syamkumar/0000-0002-9187-703X FU Washington State Potato Commission FX We thank the Tristate and Western Regional Breeding Programs and Chuck Brown, Dan Kane, Mark Pavek, Joe Kuhl, Rich Novy, Creighton Miller, David Holm, Steve James, Mel Martin, Isabel Vales, John Bamberg and NSRP-6 for providing potatoes. We thank Andrew Jensen and the Washington State Potato Commission for their support. NR 32 TC 39 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 127 IS 1 BP 34 EP 41 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.12.080 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 734AF UT WOS:000288304900005 ER PT J AU Singh, AP Wilson, T Luthria, D Freeman, MR Scott, RM Bilenker, D Shah, S Somasundaram, S Vorsa, N AF Singh, Ajay P. Wilson, Ted Luthria, Devanand Freeman, Michelle R. Scott, Rachel M. Bilenker, Dan Shah, Sneha Somasundaram, Siva Vorsa, Nicholi TI LC-MS-MS characterisation of curry leaf flavonols and antioxidant activity SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Murraya koenegii; Curry leaf; Flavonol; Phenolic; Antioxidant; Quercetin; Myricetin ID LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION; EXTRACT AB Curry leaf (Murraya koenegii) is a common flavouring agent in Indian foods. This study characterised the flavonol profile of curry leaf extracted with different solvents and the relative antioxidant capacity of these extracts by quantifying phenolic constituents. Flavonols were extracted using ethanol, methanol, or acetone prior to identification and quantification using liquid chromatography coupled to atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation (APCI) mass spectrometry in tandem mode (LC-MS-MS) with negative ion detection. Major curry leaf flavonols included myricetin-3-galactoside, quercetin-O-pentohexoside, quercetin-3-diglucoside, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, quercetin-3-glucoside, quercetin-3-acetylhexoside, quercetin-O-xylo-pentoside, kaempferol-O-glucoside, and kaempferol-aglucoside. Lag-time and TBARS tests demonstrated that curry leaf phenolics prevent cupric-ion induced oxidation of LDL. The best extraction yield was obtained with 80% ethanol. Acetone extracts provided better antioxidant activity expressed as increased lag-time formation, than did ethanol or methanol extracts. Curry leaf is a rich source of flavonols that have biological activity in vitro and further studies are warranted in regards to the potential health benefits and identification of the novel flavonols whose identities remain unknown. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Luthria, Devanand] USDA ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Singh, Ajay P.; Bilenker, Dan; Shah, Sneha; Vorsa, Nicholi] Rutgers State Univ, Philip E Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res &, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Wilson, Ted] Winona State Univ, Dept Biol, Winona, MN 55987 USA. [Somasundaram, Siva] Univ Houston Victoria, Sugar Land, TX USA. [Somasundaram, Siva] Texas A&M Univ, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. RP Wilson, T (reprint author), Winona State Univ, Dept Biol, 232 Pasteur Hall, Winona, MN 55987 USA. EM rwilson@winona.edu.VasilVorsaa; D.Luthria@ars.usda.gov; vorsa@AESOP.rutgers.edu FU WSU Foundation FX The authors are also grateful to Graham Gibson (Applied Biosystems) for his gift of the API-3000 LC-MS-MS instrument, John Stafford (Teaching & Learning Technologies, WSU), Christopher Malone (Mathematics & Statistics, WSU), and funding from the WSU Foundation. NR 16 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 127 IS 1 BP 80 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.12.091 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 734AF UT WOS:000288304900011 ER PT J AU Wang, JP Yu, B Xu, XM Yang, N Jin, ZY Kim, JM AF Wang, Jin Peng Yu, Bo Xu, XueMing Yang, Na Jin, ZhengYu Kim, Jin Moon TI Orthogonal-function spectrophotometry for the measurement of amylose and amylopectin contents SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Orthogonal-function spectrophotometry; Amylose; Amylopectin; Colorimetry; Dual-wavelength colorimetry ID POTATO STARCH; MAIZE AB In this study, orthogonal-function spectrophotometry (OFS) was used for the first time in the determination of amylose and amylopectin contents. A six-point quadratic orthogonal polynomial (QOP) was chosen for amylose determination at an interval of 8 nm, and an inter-wavelength of 596 nm. For amylopectin determination, a ten-point QOP was selected with an interval of 22 nm and an inter-wavelength of 538 nm. OFS was more precise, with a standard deviation (SD) of 0.4-0.7 for both amylose and amylopectin content analyses. Dual-wavelength colorimetry (DWC) showed a SD of 1.3-2.5 and 3.8-4.6 for amylose and amylopectin content analyses, respectively. OFS has an acceptable recovery ratio and hence has an advantage over DWC in determining amylose and amylopectin concentration in solution without prior separation. OFS is an alternative method for the analysis of amylose and amylopectin content. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Jin Peng; Yu, Bo; Xu, XueMing; Yang, Na; Jin, ZhengYu] Jiangnan Univ, State Key Lab Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jin Peng; Yu, Bo; Xu, XueMing; Yang, Na; Jin, ZhengYu] Jiangnan Univ, Sch Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Kim, Jin Moon] USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Albany, NY 12203 USA. RP Jin, ZY (reprint author), Jiangnan Univ, State Key Lab Food Sci & Technol, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM jinlab2008@yahoo.com; jin.kim@fsis.usda.gov RI wang, jinpeng/A-7816-2012 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [20976070, 31071490]; Nature Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK2008003, BK2009069]; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University [SKLF-MB-200804] FX This project was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 20976070 and 31071490), Nature Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Nos. BK2008003 and BK2009069), and Research Program of State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University (No. SKLF-MB-200804). NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 127 IS 1 BP 102 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.12.094 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 734AF UT WOS:000288304900014 ER PT J AU Shih, FF Daigle, KW Champagne, ET AF Shih, F. F. Daigle, K. W. Champagne, E. T. TI Effect of rice wax on water vapour permeability and sorption properties of edible pullulan films SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Pullulan; Rice wax; Water permeability; Moisture sorption ID BARRIER PROPERTIES; SHELF-LIFE; ISOTHERMS; BRAN; POLICOSANOL; COATINGS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; PERFORMANCE; CELLULOSE; PRODUCTS AB Edible films were prepared using various ratios of pullulan and rice wax. Freestanding composite films were obtained with up to 46.4% rice wax. Water vapour barrier properties of the pullulan film were improved with increased addition of rice wax. Moisture sorption isotherms were also studied to examine the impact of rice wax on the water sorption characteristics of the film. The Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) and Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer (GAB) sorption models were tested to fit the experimental data. The models gave a good fit up to the water activity (a(w)) of 0.55 for BET and a full range of a(w) from 0.12 to 0.95 for GAB (R(2) >= 0.98). Changes in the sorption parameters, particularly such as the decrease in monolayer moisture content (Mo), reflect the trend of reduced hydration capacity with increased addition of rice wax, providing useful information on water activity conditions to achieve stability for the composite films. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Shih, F. F.; Daigle, K. W.; Champagne, E. T.] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Shih, FF (reprint author), USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Fred.Shih@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 127 IS 1 BP 118 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.12.096 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 734AF UT WOS:000288304900016 ER PT J AU Chen, GY Liu, GY Qin, F AF Chen, Guoying Liu, Guyu Qin, Feng TI Use of a portable time-resolved fluorometer to determine oxytetracycline residue in four fruit crops SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Oxytetracycline; In-situ; Europium-sensitised luminescence; Apple; Pear; Nectarine; Peach ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; EUROPIUM-SENSITIZED LUMINESCENCE; FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; TETRACYCLINE ANTIBIOTICS; PLANT AGRICULTURE; HONEY; DOXYCYCLINE; EXTRACTION; CONSTANTS; OXIDATION AB Oxytetracycline (OTC) is used worldwide to protect crops against bacterial diseases. The US Environmental Protection Agency approved its use in apple, pear, nectarine, and peach, and set residue tolerance at 350 ng g(-1). A europium-sensitised luminescence (ESL) method was developed for in-situ determination of OTC residue in these fruits. After extraction in Na(2)EDTA-NaCl-McIlvaine buffer at pH 4 and filtration, cleanup was performed using hydrophilic-lipophilic balance cartridges. ESL was measured using a portable time-resolved fluorometer. The signal responded linearly over three orders of magnitude (10-10000 ng g(-1)) with 17-50 ng g(-1) limits of quantitation and 2% averaged relative standard deviation. Recoveries were 84% and 82% at 100 and 350 ng g(-1), respectively. Inter-laboratory validation was performed by HPLC-MS/MS. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chen, Guoying] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Liu, Guyu; Qin, Feng] Shanghai Inst Food & Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, Peoples R China. RP Chen, GY (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM guoying.chen@ars.usda.gov RI Chen, Guoying/C-6800-2015 OI Chen, Guoying/0000-0001-9532-0696 NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2011 VL 127 IS 1 BP 264 EP 269 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.12.106 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 734AF UT WOS:000288304900039 ER PT J AU Holloway, B Luck, S Beatty, M Rafalski, JA Li, BL AF Holloway, Beth Luck, Stanley Beatty, Mary Rafalski, J-Antoni Li, Bailin TI Genome-wide expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis in maize SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN GENE-EXPRESSION; FALSE DISCOVERY; IDENTIFICATION; NORMALIZATION; ARABIDOPSIS AB Background: Expression QTL analyses have shed light on transcriptional regulation in numerous species of plants, animals, and yeasts. These microarray based analyses identify regulators of gene expression as either cis acting factors that regulate proximal genes, or trans-acting factors that function through a variety of mechanisms to affect transcript abundance of unlinked genes. Results: A hydroponics-based genetical genomics study in roots of a Zea mays IBM2 Syn10 double haploid population identified tens of thousands of cis-acting and trans-acting eQTL. Cases of false-positive eQTL, which results from the lack of complete genomic sequences from both parental genomes, were described. A candidate gene for a trans acting regulatory factor was identified through positional cloning. The unexpected regulatory function of a class I glutamine amidotransferase controls the expression of an ABA 8'-hydroxylase pseudogene. Conclusions: Identification of a candidate gene underlying a trans-eQTL demonstrated the feasibility of eQTL cloning in maize and could help to understand the mechanism of gene expression regulation. Lack of complete genome sequences from both parents could cause the identification of false-positive cis- and trans-acting eQTL. C1 [Holloway, Beth; Luck, Stanley; Rafalski, J-Antoni; Li, Bailin] DuPont Agr Biotechnol, Wilmington, DE 19880 USA. [Beatty, Mary] Pioneer HiBred Int Inc, Johnston, IA 50131 USA. [Holloway, Beth] USDA, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. RP Li, BL (reprint author), DuPont Agr Biotechnol, Wilmington, DE 19880 USA. EM Bailin.Li@cgr.dupont.com FU Pioneer Hi-Bred Inc. FX We would like to thank Dr. Andre Belo and Kevin Fengler for insightful discussion in regard to genomic analysis, and physical and genetic maps. We would like to thank April Leonard and Nathan Uhlmann for technical assistance in the laboratory and the growth chambers. We thank Brian Zeka for the RNA isolations and John Nau for the array hybridizations. We would like to thank April Leonard for critical commentary on the manuscript. We thank Dr. Scott Tingey for intellectual and scientific support for the project. B.H. was supported by a Discovery Grant from Pioneer Hi-Bred Inc. NR 43 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 17 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD JUN 30 PY 2011 VL 12 AR 336 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-12-336 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 794VY UT WOS:000292930600001 PM 21718468 ER PT J AU Torres, IBL Amatya, DM Sun, G Callahan, TJ AF Torres, Ileana B. La Torre Amatya, Devendra M. Sun, Ge Callahan, Timothy J. TI Seasonal rainfall-runoff relationships in a lowland forested watershed in the southeastern USA SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE stream flow; base flow; peak flow rates; runoff-rainfall ratio; evapotranspiration; antecedent precipitation index; antecedent soil moisture conditions ID COASTAL-PLAIN; SOIL-MOISTURE; STORMFLOW GENERATION; CONTROLLED DRAINAGE; UNITED-STATES; HYDROLOGY; CATCHMENT; OPERATIONS; CAROLINA; YIELD AB Hydrological processes of lowland watersheds of the southern USA are not well understood compared to a hilly landscape due to their unique topography, soil compositions, and climate. This study describes the seasonal relationships between rainfall patterns and runoff (sum of storm flow and base flow) using 13 years (1964-1976) of rainfall and stream flow data for a low-gradient, third-order forested watershed. It was hypothesized that runoff-rainfall ratios (R/P) are smaller during the dry periods (summer and fall) and greater during the wet periods (winter and spring). We found a large seasonal variability in event R/P potentially due to differences in forest evapotranspiration that affected seasonal soil moisture conditions. Linear regression analysis results revealed a significant relationship between rainfall and runoff for wet (r(2) = 0.68; p < 0.01) and dry (r(2) = 0.19; p = 0.02) periods. Rainfall-runoff relationships based on a 5-day antecedent precipitation index (API) showed significant (r(2) = 0.39; p < 0.01) correspondence for wet but not r(2) = 0.02; p = 0.56) for dry conditions. The same was true for rainfall-runoff relationships based on 30-day API (r(2) = 0.39; p < 0.01 for wet and r(2) = 0.00; p = 0.79 for dry). Stepwise regression analyses suggested that runoff was controlled mainly by rainfall amount and initial soil moisture conditions as represented by the initial flow rate of a storm event. Mean event R/P were higher for the wet period (R/P = 0.33), and the wet antecedent soil moisture condition based on 5-day (R/P = 0.25) and 30-day (R/P = 0.26) prior API than those for the dry period conditions. This study suggests that soil water status, i.e. antecedent soil moisture and groundwater table level, is important besides the rainfall to seasonal runoff generation in the coastal plain region with shallow soil argillic horizons. Copyright (C) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Amatya, Devendra M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, Cordesville, SC 29434 USA. [Torres, Ileana B. La Torre] Coll Charleston, Environm Studies Program, Charleston, SC 29424 USA. [Sun, Ge] US Forest Serv, USDA, Eastern Forest Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Callahan, Timothy J.] Coll Charleston, Dept Geol & Environm Geosci, Charleston, SC 29424 USA. RP Amatya, DM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, 3734 Hwy 402, Cordesville, SC 29434 USA. EM damatya@fs.fed.us FU South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium; Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences; Graduate School at the College of Charleston FX We thank the USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station, Center for Forested Wetlands Research for the long-term data, Andy Harrison, Hydrologic Technician, USDA Forest Service, and Bray Beltran, former graduate student, College of Charleston, for processing historic rainfall data. This research was funded in part by the South Carolina Sea Grant Consortium, and by the Department of Geology and Environmental Geosciences and the Graduate School at the College of Charleston. NR 55 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD JUN 30 PY 2011 VL 25 IS 13 BP 2032 EP 2045 DI 10.1002/hyp.7955 PG 14 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 789XW UT WOS:000292553800004 ER PT J AU Cabezon, O Hall, AJ Vincent, C Pabon, M Garcia-Bocanegra, I Dubey, JP Almeria, S AF Cabezon, O. Hall, A. J. Vincent, C. Pabon, M. Garcia-Bocanegra, I. Dubey, J. P. Almeria, S. TI Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in North-eastern Atlantic harbor seal (Phoca vitulina vitulina) and grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Grey seal; Halichoerus grypus; Harbor seal; Toxoplasma gondii; Phoca vitulina ID OTTERS ENHYDRA-LUTRIS; MARINE MAMMALS; NEOSPORA-CANINUM; OOCYSTS; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; NEREIS AB Antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii were determined in serum samples from 47 grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) and 56 harbor seals (Phoca vitulina vitulina) from the Atlantic coasts of United Kingdom and France. Antibodies to T. gondii assayed by the modified agglutination test (MAT) were found in 14 (13.6%; IC(95%) 7.0-20.2) of 103 seals tested, with titres of 1:25 in 13 seals and 1:50 in 1 seal. Seroprevalence against T. gondii (MAT 1:25 or higher) was significantly higher in grey seals (23.4%) compared to harbor seals (5.4%). No significant differences were found between seroprevalence against T. gondii and sex, age or geographical locations. These results show natural exposure of European harbor and grey seals to T. gondii oocysts in the Atlantic Ocean. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first serological survey of T. gondii in European grey and harbor seals. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pabon, M.; Almeria, S.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fac Vet, Dept Sanitat & Anat Anim, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Cabezon, O.] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fac Vet, Serv Ecopatol Fauna Salvatge, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Hall, A. J.] Univ St Andrews, Scottish Oceans Inst, Sea Mammal Res Unit, St Andrews, Fife, Scotland. [Vincent, C.] Univ La Rochelle, Littoral Environm Soc, F-17000 La Rochelle, France. [Garcia-Bocanegra, I.] UCO, Fac Vet, Dept Sanidad Anim, Cordoba 14071, Spain. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Almeria, S.] UAB IRTA, CReSA, Barcelona 08193, Spain. RP Almeria, S (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fac Vet, Dept Sanitat & Anat Anim, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. EM Sonia.Almeria@uab.cat RI Cabezon, Oscar/L-3812-2014; Hall, Ailsa/E-1596-2011; Almeria, Sonia/N-4663-2014 OI Cabezon, Oscar/0000-0001-7543-8371; Almeria, Sonia/0000-0002-0558-5488 FU Spanish CICYT [AGL2007-65521]; UK Natural Environment Research Council FX The authors would like to thank all those who helped in the field. This study received partial support from the Spanish CICYT grant AGL2007-65521 and from the UK Natural Environment Research Council. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD JUN 30 PY 2011 VL 179 IS 1-3 BP 253 EP 256 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.01.046 PG 4 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 787BZ UT WOS:000292352900041 PM 21330059 ER PT J AU Murphy, DJ Hall, MH Hall, CAS Heisler, GM Stehman, SV Anselmi-Molina, C AF Murphy, David J. Hall, Myrna H. Hall, Charles A. S. Heisler, Gordon M. Stehman, Stephen V. Anselmi-Molina, Carlos TI The relationship between land cover and the urban heat island in northeastern Puerto Rico SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE urban heat islands; land cover; sky view factor; GEOMOD; urban climate; temperature measurements; urbanization ID ARIZONA; PHOENIX; CLIMATES; CITIES; TREES; CLOUD; WIND; CITY AB Throughout the tropics, population movements, urban growth, and industrialization are causing conditions that result in elevated temperatures within urban areas when compared with that in surrounding rural areas, a phenomenon known as the urban heat island (UHI). One such example is the city of San Juan, Puerto Rico. Our objective in this study was to quantify the UHI created by the San Juan Metropolitan Area over space and time using temperature data collected by mobile-and fixed-station measurements. We also used the fixed-station measurements to examine the relationship between average temperature at a given location and the density of remotely sensed vegetation located upwind. We then regressed temperatures against regional upwind land cover to predict future temperature with projected urbanization. Our data from the fixed stations show that the average nighttime UHI calculated between the urban reference and rural stations (Delta TCBD-rural) was 2.15 degrees C during the usually wet season and 1.78 degrees C during the usually dry season. The maximum UHI value for San Juan was calculated as 4.7 degrees C between the urban and forest sites and 3.9 degrees C between the urban and an open, rural site. Comparisons of diurnal temperature trends at urban, grassland, and forested sites indicate that canopy cover reduced daytime warming. Temperature was predicted best (r(2) = 0.94) by vegetation in upwind easterly directions, especially that within 180 m of the sensor. Results from the mobile measurements show that the UHI has reached the base of the Luquillo Mountains. Predictions of future development and temperatures suggest that if the present pattern of development continues, over 140 km(2) of land that showed no signs of UHI in 2000 will have an average annual UHI between +0.4 and +1.55 degrees C by 2050. Furthermore, more than 130 km(2) of land area with a current UHI between +0.4 and +1.4 degrees C in 2000 will have an average UHI greater than +1.55 degrees C by 2050. Copyright. (C) 2010 Royal Meteorological Society C1 [Murphy, David J.; Hall, Myrna H.; Hall, Charles A. S.; Stehman, Stephen V.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Heisler, Gordon M.] SUNY ESF, US Forest Serv, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Anselmi-Molina, Carlos] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Marine Sci, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. RP Murphy, DJ (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, 301 Illick Hall, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM djmurp03@syr.edu FU US National Science Foundation [BSR-8811902, DEB 9411973, DEB 0080538, DEB 0218039] FX This study was supported in part by the US National Science Foundation through the Long-Term Ecological Research Project in the Luquillo Mountains of Puerto Rico, under grants BSR-8811902, DEB 9411973, DEB 0080538, and DEB 0218039. We thank all the people who provided help in the field, including Dr. Ricardo Morales, Pieter Van der Meir, Manual Sanfiorenzo, and Dr. Jorge Gonzalez, for lending us the equipment to make this study possible. We also thank three anonymous reviewers for many helpful comments and ideas. NR 39 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0899-8418 EI 1097-0088 J9 INT J CLIMATOL JI Int. J. Climatol. PD JUN 30 PY 2011 VL 31 IS 8 BP 1222 EP 1239 DI 10.1002/joc.2145 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 777IH UT WOS:000291608600011 ER PT J AU Keskinen, LA Annous, BA AF Keskinen, Lindsey A. Annous, Bassam A. TI Efficacy of adding detergents to sanitizer solutions for inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Romaine lettuce SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Escherichia coli O157:H7; Lettuce; Leafy greens; Sanitizer; Chlorine dioxide; Chlorine ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; AQUEOUS CHLORINE; WASH TREATMENTS; O157-H7; DECONTAMINATION; DISINFECTANTS; SURVIVAL; OUTBREAK; ICEBERG; APPLES AB Numerous Escherichia coli O157:H7 outbreaks have been linked to consumption of fresh lettuce. The development of effective and easily implemented wash treatment could reduce such incidents. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the addition of food-grade detergents to sanitizer solutions for inactivation of E. coli O157:H7 on Romaine lettuce. Freshly-cut leaves of Romaine lettuce were dip-inoculated to achieve a final cell concentration of 7.8 +/- 0.2 log CFU/g, air-dried for 2 h, and stored overnight at 4 degrees C. Leaves were then washed for 2 min in an experimental short chain fatty acid formulation (SCFA) or in one of the following solutions with or without 0.2% dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid or 0.2% sodium 2-ethyl hexyl sulfate: 1) deionized water; 2) 100 ppm chlorine dioxide; 3) 100 ppm chlorine; and 4) 200 ppm chlorine. Following wash treatment, samples were blended in neutralizing buffer (1:3) and surface plated on the selective media CT-SMAC. The efficacy of wash treatments, with or without the detergents, in inactivating E. coli O157:H7 cells on lettuce leaves were not significantly different. The most effective wash solution was SCFA, which was capable of reducing E. coli O157:H7 populations by more than 5 log CFU/g. The rest of the wash treatments resulted in a population reduction of less than 1 log CFU/g. The effectiveness of SCFA surpasses that of other sanitizer treatments tested in this study and requires further research to optimize treatments to preserve lettuce quality. Conventional detergents did not enhance the efficacy of any of the wash treatments tested during this study. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Keskinen, Lindsey A.; Annous, Bassam A.] ARS, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Annous, BA (reprint author), ARS, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM bassam.annous@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-CSREES [2006-51110-03681] FX This work was funded by USDA-CSREES grant number 2006-51110-03681. The authors thank Ms Gouping Bao for the scanning electron microscopy, Mr. Joseph E. Sites for his work on the micrographs, Ms. Angela Burke for assistance with analysis of treatment solutions, and Dr. Joshua Gurtler for his assistance with the statistical analysis, and Dr. Dike Ukuku and Mr. Joseph Sites for their helpful comments on the manuscript. The authors also thank Mr. Joel Tenney of ICA Tri-Nova, LLC, and Dr. Robert Coleman of Summerdale Inc. for providing their products for evaluation. NR 29 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD JUN 30 PY 2011 VL 147 IS 3 BP 157 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.04.002 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 787EW UT WOS:000292360400001 PM 21529976 ER PT J AU Tian, P Yang, D Mandrell, R AF Tian, Peng Yang, David Mandrell, Robert TI A simple method to recover Norovirus from fresh produce with large sample size by using histo-blood group antigen-conjugated to magnetic beads in a recirculating affinity magnetic separation system (RCAMS) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Norovirus; Histo-blood group antigen; Virus concentration; Binding kinetics; PEG precipitation method; Recirculating affinity magnetic separation system ID NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; CALICIVIRUSES; OUTBREAK; ASSAY AB Human norovirus (NoV) outbreaks are major food safety concerns. The virus has to be concentrated from food samples in order to be detected. PEG precipitation is the most common method to recover the virus. Recently, histo-blood group antigens (HBGA) have been recognized as receptors for human NoV, and have been utilized as an alternative method to concentrate human NoV for samples up to 40 mL in volume. However, to wash off the virus from contaminated fresh food samples, at least 250 mL of wash volume is required. Recirculating affinity magnetic separation system (RCAMS) has been tried by others to concentrate human NoV from large-volume samples and failed to yield consistent results with the standard procedure of 30 min of recirculation at the default flow rate. Our work here demonstrates that proper recirculation time and flow rate are key factors for success in using the RCAMS. The bead recovery rate was increased from 28% to 47%, 67% and 90% when recirculation times were extended from 30 min to 60 min, 120 min and 180 min, respectively. The kinetics study suggests that at least 120 min recirculation is required to obtain a good recovery of NoV. In addition, different binding and elution conditions were compared for releasing NoV from inoculated lettuce. Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and water results in similar efficacy for virus release, but the released virus does not bind to RCAMS effectively unless pH was adjusted to acidic. Either citrate-buffered saline (CBS) wash, or water wash followed by CBS adjustment, resulted in an enhanced recovery of virus. We also demonstrated that the standard curve generated from viral RNA extracted from serially-diluted virus samples is more accurate for quantitative analysis than standard curves generated from serially-diluted plasmid DNA or transcribed-RNA templates, both of which tend to overestimate the concentration power. The efficacy of recovery of NoV from produce using RCAMS was directly compared with that of the PEG method in NoV inoculated lettuce. 40, 4, 0.4, and 0.04 RTU can be detected by both methods. At 0.004 RTU, NoV was detectable in all three samples concentrated by the RCAMS method, while none could be detected by the PEG precipitation method. RCAMS is a simple and rapid method that is more sensitive than conventional methods for recovery of NoV from food samples with a large sample size. In addition, the RTU value detected through RCAMS-processed samples is more biologically relevant. Published by Elsevier BV. C1 [Tian, Peng; Yang, David; Mandrell, Robert] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Tian, P (reprint author), ARS, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. FU USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS [5325-42000-021-044, 5325-42000-021-045] FX We want to thank Miss. Dan Li, Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Ghent University for helpful discussion in application of different standard curves. This work was supported by USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS projects 5325-42000-021-044 and 5325-42000-021-045. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 17 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD JUN 30 PY 2011 VL 147 IS 3 BP 223 EP 227 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.04.013 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA 787EW UT WOS:000292360400010 PM 21546111 ER PT J AU Zhang, JL Severtson, SJ Houtman, CJ AF Zhang, Jilin Severtson, Steven J. Houtman, Carl J. TI Characterizing the Distribution of Sodium Alkyl Sulfate Surfactant Homologues in Water-Based, Acrylic Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Films SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID LATEX FILMS; DODECYL-SULFATE; SMALL MOLECULES; SPECTROSCOPY; ATR AB The distributions of three sodium alkyl sulfate surfactants in dry adhesive films cast from water-based latexes were characterized using confocal Raman microscopy (CRM) and contact angle (CA) and tack measurements. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS), and sodium octadecyl sulfate (SODS) were added to dialyzed commercial adhesive latex at various concentrations. Uneven distributions were found for all three surfactants along with a tendency to enrich film air interfaces and, to a much lesser extent, film glass interfaces. SDS demonstrated the greatest tendency to concentrate near film surfaces followed by STS and SODS. For all three surfactants, water CA values for dried films decreased sharply with increasing concentrations in the latex, but significant differences were observed, with SDS again having the greatest impact followed by STS and SODS. Tack of dried polymer films was also found to decrease with increasing latex surfactant levels, with SDS producing the sharpest drop as well as the lowest plateau values. Results indicate that interfacial enrichment by surfactants is detectable via both CRM and CA measurements, and this enrichment can significantly affect the performance of films. Finally, surface enrichment levels are qualitatively related to measures of the surfactants' affinity for aqueous solutions, as characterized by the logarithm of their 1-octanol-water distribution coefficients (K(ow)). C1 [Zhang, Jilin; Severtson, Steven J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Bioprod & Biosyst Engn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Houtman, Carl J.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Severtson, SJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Bioprod & Biosyst Engn, 2004 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM sever018@umn.edu RI Zhang, Jilin/B-7464-2011; Houtman, Carl/I-4469-2012 FU U.S. Postal Service, Stamp Acquisition and Distribution FX This research is financially supported by a grant from the U.S. Postal Service, Stamp Acquisition and Distribution. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD JUN 30 PY 2011 VL 115 IS 25 BP 8138 EP 8144 DI 10.1021/jp202731h PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 780YB UT WOS:000291896200011 PM 21604743 ER PT J AU Grant, AJ Dickens, JC AF Grant, Alan J. Dickens, Joseph C. TI Functional Characterization of the Octenol Receptor Neuron on the Maxillary Palps of the Yellow Fever Mosquito, Aedes aegypti SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ODORANT RECEPTOR; CARBON-DIOXIDE; CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; 1-OCTEN-3-OL; IDENTIFICATION; ATTRACTANT; PHEROMONE; RESPONSES; SENSILLA; DIPTERA AB Background: 1-Octen-3-ol (octenol) is a common attractant released by vertebrates which in combination with carbon dioxide (CO(2)) attracts hematophagous arthropods including mosquitoes. A receptor neuron contained within basiconic sensilla on the maxillary palps of adult mosquitoes responds selectively to 1-octen-3-ol. Recently, an odorant receptor (AaegOR8) known to occur on the maxillary palps was expressed in a heterologous system and demonstrated to be selectively sensitive to (R)-(-)-1-octen-3-ol, one of two enantiomeric forms. Lesser responses were elicited by stimulation with the (S)-enantiomer and various structural analogs. Methodology/Principal Findings: Here we characterize the specificity of the octenol receptor neuron in the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti (L.), in vivo using single cell recordings. The octenol neuron is exquisitely sensitive to (R)-(-)-1-octen-3-ol; comparable responses to (S)-(+)-1-octen-3-ol were elicited only at stimulus doses over 100x that required for the (R)-enantiomer. An intermediate response closer to that elicited by the (R)-(-)-enantiomer was elicited by racemic 1-octen-3-ol. Small structural changes in (R)-(-)-1-octen-3-ol resulted in large decreases in responses. Increases in spike activity were also elicited in the octenol neuron by 2-undecanone, a known repellent; other repellents (DEET, IR3535 and picaridin) were inactive. Conclusions/Significance: The results of our electrophysiological studies of the octenol receptor neuron in vivo approximates results of a previous study of the octenol receptor (AaegOR8 with its obligate partner Aaeg\ORco) expressed heterologously in Xenopus oocytes. By comparison of our current results with those of the heterologous expression study, we conclude that specificity of the octenol receptor neuron can be explained largely by characteristics of the OR alone without other associated proteins present in vivo. Our findings show that repellents may have specific stimulatory effects on receptor neurons and support the notion of repellents as modulators of mosquito odorant receptor activity. C1 [Grant, Alan J.; Dickens, Joseph C.] ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Plant Sci,USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Grant, AJ (reprint author), ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Inst Plant Sci,USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. EM joseph.dickens@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB) FX This work was supported in part by a grant to JCD from the Deployed War Fighter Protection (DWFP) Research Program, funded by the US Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 28 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 30 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 6 AR e21785 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0021785 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 786GP UT WOS:000292291800045 PM 21738794 ER PT J AU Zsak, L Day, JM Oakley, BB Seal, BS AF Zsak, Laszlo Day, J. Michael Oakley, Brian B. Seal, Bruce S. TI The complete genome sequence and genetic analysis of Phi CA82 a novel uncultured microphage from the turkey gastrointestinal system SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE microphage; microviridae; turkey; enteric; metagenomics ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; CHLAMYDIA-PSITTACI; PHAGE GENOMICS; BACTERIOPHAGE; EVOLUTION; METAGENOMICS; MICROVIRIDAE; DIVERSITY; VIRULENCE AB The genomic DNA sequence of a novel enteric uncultured microphage, Phi CA82 from a turkey gastrointestinal system was determined utilizing metagenomics techniques. The entire circular, single-stranded nucleotide sequence of the genome was 5,514 nucleotides. The Phi CA82 genome is quite different from other microviruses as indicated by comparisons of nucleotide similarity, predicted protein similarity, and functional classifications. Only three genes showed significant similarity to microviral proteins as determined by local alignments using BLAST analysis. ORF1 encoded a predicted phage F capsid protein that was phylogenetically most similar to the Microviridae Phi MH2K member's major coat protein. The Phi CA82 genome also encoded a predicted minor capsid protein (ORF2) and putative replication initiation protein (ORF3) most similar to the microviral bacteriophage SpV4. The distant evolutionary relationship of Phi CA82 suggests that the divergence of this novel turkey microvirus from other microviruses may reflect unique evolutionary pressures encountered within the turkey gastrointestinal system. C1 [Zsak, Laszlo; Day, J. Michael] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Oakley, Brian B.; Seal, Bruce S.] ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Zsak, L (reprint author), ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM laszlo.zsak@ars.usda.gov FU ARS-USDA [6612-32000-054-00, 6612-32000-055-00] FX These investigations were supported by ARS-USDA CRIS Project No. 6612-32000-054-00 "Epidemiology, Pathogenesis and Countermeasures to Prevent and Control Enteric Viruses of Poultry" at SEPRL and Project No. 6612-32000-055-00 "Molecular Characterization and Gastrointestinal Tract Ecology of Commensal Human Food-Borne Bacterial Pathogens in the Chicken" at PMSRU. The authors thank to Fenglan Li for excellent technical assistance and to the SEPRL sequencing facility for outstanding support. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-422X J9 VIROL J JI Virol. J. PD JUN 29 PY 2011 VL 8 AR 331 DI 10.1186/1743-422X-8-331 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 792GP UT WOS:000292729600001 PM 21714899 ER PT J AU Clement, SL Hu, JG Stewart, AV Wang, BR Elberson, LR AF Clement, Stephen L. Hu, Jinguo Stewart, Alan V. Wang, Bingrui Elberson, Leslie R. TI Detrimental and neutral effects of a wild grass-fungal endophyte symbiotum on insect preference and performance SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Aphididae; Chrysomelidae; grass endophyte; insect herbivory; host-plant resistance; Oulema melanopus; Rhopalosiphum padi; wild grass Phleum alpinum ID ARGENTINE STEM WEEVIL; TALL FESCUE; PERENNIAL RYEGRASS; NEOTYPHODIUM ENDOPHYTES; PLANT-RESISTANCE; INFECTED GRASSES; LOLINE ALKALOIDS; ARIZONA FESCUE; HOST; ASSOCIATIONS AB Seed-borne Epichloe/Neotyphodium Glenn, Bacon, Hanlin (Ascomycota: Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) fungal endophytes in temperate grasses can provide protection against insect attack with the degree of host resistance related to the grass-endophyte symbiotum and the insect species involved in an interaction. Few experimental studies with wild grass-endophyte symbiota, compared to endophyte-infected agricultural grasses, have tested for anti-insect benefits, let alone for resistance against more than one insect species. This study quantified the preference and performance of the bird cherry oat-aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the cereal leaf beetle, Oulema melanopus (L.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), two important pests of forage and cereal grasses, on Neotyphodium-infected (E+) and uninfected (E-) plants of the wild grass Alpine timothy, Phleum alpinum L. (Poales: Poaceae). The experiments tested for both constitutive and wound-induced resistance in E+ plants to characterize possible plasticity of defense responses by a wild E+ grass. The aphid, R. padi preferred E-over E+ test plants in choice experiments and E+ undamaged test plants constitutively expressed antibiosis resistance to this aphid by suppressing population growth. Prior damage of E+ test plants did not induce higher levels of resistance to R. padi. By contrast, the beetle, O. melanopus showed no preference for E+ or E-test plants and endophyte infection did not adversely affect the survival and development of larvae. These results extend the phenomenon of variable effects of E+ wild grasses on the preference and performance of phytophagous insects. The wild grass-Neotyphodium symbiotum in this study broadens the number of wild E+ grasses available for expanded explorations into the effects of endophyte metabolites on insect herbivory. C1 [Clement, Stephen L.; Hu, Jinguo; Elberson, Leslie R.] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Germplasm Intro & Testing Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Stewart, Alan V.] PGG Wrightson Seeds, Lincoln, New Zealand. [Wang, Bingrui] Huazhong Agr Univ, Wuhan, Peoples R China. RP Clement, SL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Germplasm Intro & Testing Res Unit, 59 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM stephenclement08@gmail.com; jinguo.hu@ars.usda.gov; astewart@pggwrightsonseeds.co.nz; brwang@mail.hzau.edu.cn; elberson@wsu.edu NR 56 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 29 PU UNIV ARIZONA PI TUCSON PA LIBRARY C327, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA SN 1536-2442 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD JUN 29 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 77 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 786QA UT WOS:000292321800005 PM 21867443 ER PT J AU Nelson, CD Nonnecke, BJ Reinhardt, TA Waters, WR Beitz, DC Lippolis, JD AF Nelson, Corwin D. Nonnecke, Brian J. Reinhardt, Timothy A. Waters, W. Ray Beitz, Donald C. Lippolis, John D. TI Regulation of Mycobacterium-Specific Mononuclear Cell Responses by 25-Hydroxyvitamin D-3 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; VITAMIN-D DEFICIENCY; CD4 T-CELLS; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D-3; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; IN-VITRO; BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS; IMMUNE REGULATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; D-RECEPTOR AB The active vitamin D metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 (1,25(OH)(2)D-3), has been shown to be an important regulator of innate and adaptive immune function. In addition, synthesis of 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 from 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3 (25(OH)D-3) by the enzyme 1 alpha-hydroxylase in monocytes upon activation by TLR signaling has been found to regulate innate immune responses of monocytes in an intracrine fashion. In this study we wanted to determine what cells expressed 1 alpha-hydroxylase in stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures and if conversion of 25(OH)D-3 to 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 in PBMC cultures regulated antigen-specific immune responses. Initially, we found that stimulation of PBMCs from animals vaccinated with Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) BCG with purified protein derivative of M. bovis (M. bovis PPD) induced 1 alpha-hydroxylase gene expression and that treatment with a physiological concentration of 25(OH)D-3 down-regulated IFN-gamma and IL-17F gene expression. Next, we stimulated PBMCs from M. bovis BCG-vaccinated and non-vaccinated cattle with M. bovis PPD and sorted them by FACS according to surface markers for monocytes/macrophages (CD14), B cells (IgM), and T cells (CD3). Sorting the PBMCs revealed that 1 alpha-hydroxylase expression was induced in the monocytes and B cells, but not in the T cells. Furthermore, treatment of stimulated PBMCs with 25(OH) D-3 down-regulated antigen-specific IFN-gamma and IL-17F responses in the T cells, even though 1 alpha-hydroxylase expression was not induced in the T cells. Based on evidence of no T cell 1a-hydroxylase we hypothesize that activated monocytes and B cells synthesize 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 and that 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 down-regulates antigen-specific expression oIFN-gamma and IL-17F in T cells in a paracrine fashion. C1 [Nelson, Corwin D.; Nonnecke, Brian J.; Reinhardt, Timothy A.; Lippolis, John D.] ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Waters, W. Ray] ARS, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Nelson, Corwin D.; Beitz, Donald C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Biochem Biophys & Mol Biol, Ames, IA USA. [Beitz, Donald C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA USA. RP Nelson, CD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, 420 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM john.lippolis@ars.usda.gov RI Reinhardt, Timothy/A-7536-2009; OI Reinhardt, Timothy/0000-0001-5552-2509; Nelson, Corwin/0000-0003-0195-5610 FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service [3625-32000-094-00] FX This work was supported by United States Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service Internal Funding, Project Number: 3625-32000-094-00. The study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript is determined by the USDA. No current external funding sources for this study. NR 78 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 28 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 6 AR e21674 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0021674 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 784FW UT WOS:000292142800058 PM 21738762 ER PT J AU Harnsomburana, J Green, JM Barb, AS Schaeffer, M Vincent, L Shyu, CR AF Harnsomburana, Jaturon Green, Jason M. Barb, Adrian S. Schaeffer, Mary Vincent, Leszek Shyu, Chi-Ren TI Computable visually observed phenotype ontological framework for plants SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED VOCABULARY; ASSOCIATION RULES; IMAGE RETRIEVAL; GRASS GENOMICS; GENE ONTOLOGY; DATABASE; GRAMENE; BIOLOGY; TOOL; INTEGRATION AB Background: The ability to search for and precisely compare similar phenotypic appearances within and across species has vast potential in plant science and genetic research. The difficulty in doing so lies in the fact that many visual phenotypic data, especially visually observed phenotypes that often times cannot be directly measured quantitatively, are in the form of text annotations, and these descriptions are plagued by semantic ambiguity, heterogeneity, and low granularity. Though several bio ontologies have been developed to standardize phenotypic (and genotypic) information and permit comparisons across species, these semantic issues persist and prevent precise analysis and retrieval of information. A framework suitable for the modeling and analysis of precise computable representations of such phenotypic appearances is needed. Results: We have developed a new framework called the Computable Visually Observed Phenotype Ontological Framework for plants. This work provides a novel quantitative view of descriptions of plant phenotypes that leverages existing bio ontologies and utilizes a computational approach to capture and represent domain knowledge in a machine-interpretable form. This is accomplished by means of a robust and accurate semantic mapping module that automatically maps high-level semantics to low-level measurements computed from phenotype imagery. The framework was applied to two different plant species with semantic rules mined and an ontology constructed. Rule quality was evaluated and showed high quality rules for most semantics. This framework also facilitates automatic annotation of phenotype images and can be adopted by different plant communities to aid in their research. Conclusions: The Computable Visually Observed Phenotype Ontological Framework for plants has been developed for more efficient and accurate management of visually observed phenotypes, which play a significant role in plant genomics research. The uniqueness of this framework is its ability to bridge the knowledge of informaticians and plant science researchers by translating descriptions of visually observed phenotypes into standardized, machine-understandable representations, thus enabling the development of advanced information retrieval and phenotype annotation analysis tools for the plant science community. C1 [Harnsomburana, Jaturon; Green, Jason M.; Shyu, Chi-Ren] Univ Missouri, Dept Comp Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Shyu, Chi-Ren] Univ Missouri, Inst Informat, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Schaeffer, Mary; Vincent, Leszek] Univ Missouri, Dept Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Barb, Adrian S.] Penn State Univ, Sch Grad Profess Studies, Dept Informat Sci, Malvern, PA 19355 USA. [Schaeffer, Mary] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Shyu, CR (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Comp Sci, 201 EBW, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM shyuc@missouri.edu FU NSF [DBI-00447794]; NLM [2T15LM007089-17] FX The authors would like to thank Peter Balint-Kurti for SLB images and scoring descriptions, Toni Kazic for les mimic mutant images, SGN for making tomato fruit images and semantics available, van der Knaap's lab at Ohio State for making Tomato Analyzer publically available, and Jing Han for feature extraction implementation. The project was supported by NSF Grant #DBI-00447794, and JG is supported by NLM grant #2T15LM007089-17. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD JUN 24 PY 2011 VL 12 AR 260 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-12-260 PG 21 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 803GE UT WOS:000293569000001 PM 21702966 ER PT J AU Barrero, RA Keeble-Gagnere, G Zhang, B Moolhuijzen, P Ikeo, K Tateno, Y Gojobori, T Guerrero, FD Lew-Tabor, A Bellgard, M AF Barrero, Roberto A. Keeble-Gagnere, Gabriel Zhang, Bing Moolhuijzen, Paula Ikeo, Kazuho Tateno, Yoshio Gojobori, Takashi Guerrero, Felix D. Lew-Tabor, Ala Bellgard, Matthew TI Evolutionary conserved microRNAs are ubiquitously expressed compared to tick-specific miRNAs in the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; SALIVARY-GLAND; CELL-DEATH; ALIGNMENT; DROSOPHILA; SEQUENCES; GENOMICS; GENES; PROLIFERATION; BIOGENESIS AB Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that act as regulators of gene expression in eukaryotes modulating a large diversity of biological processes. The discovery of miRNAs has provided new opportunities to understand the biology of a number of species. The cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, causes significant economic losses in cattle production worldwide and this drives us to further understand their biology so that effective control measures can be developed. To be able to provide new insights into the biology of cattle ticks and to expand the repertoire of tick miRNAs we utilized Illumina technology to sequence the small RNA transcriptomes derived from various life stages and selected organs of R. microplus. Results: To discover and profile cattle tick miRNAs we employed two complementary approaches, one aiming to find evolutionary conserved miRNAs and another focused on the discovery of novel cattle-tick specific miRNAs. We found 51 evolutionary conserved R. microplus miRNA loci, with 36 of these previously found in the tick Ixodes scapularis. The majority of the R. microplus miRNAs are perfectly conserved throughout evolution with 11, 5 and 15 of these conserved since the Nephrozoan (640 MYA), Protostomian (620MYA) and Arthropoda (540 MYA) ancestor, respectively. We then employed a de novo computational screening for novel tick miRNAs using the draft genome of I. scapularis and genomic contigs of R. microplus as templates. This identified 36 novel R. microplus miRNA loci of which 12 were conserved in I. scapularis. Overall we found 87 R. microplus miRNA loci, of these 15 showed the expression of both miRNA and miRNA* sequences. R. microplus miRNAs showed a variety of expression profiles, with the evolutionary-conserved miRNAs mainly expressed in all life stages at various levels, while the expression of novel tick-specific miRNAs was mostly limited to particular life stages and/or tick organs. Conclusions: Anciently acquired miRNAs in the R. microplus lineage not only tend to accumulate the least amount of nucleotide substitutions as compared to those recently acquired miRNAs, but also show ubiquitous expression profiles through out tick life stages and organs contrasting with the restricted expression profiles of novel tick-specific miRNAs. C1 [Barrero, Roberto A.; Keeble-Gagnere, Gabriel; Moolhuijzen, Paula; Lew-Tabor, Ala; Bellgard, Matthew] Murdoch Univ, Ctr Comparat Genom, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. [Zhang, Bing; Lew-Tabor, Ala] Univ Queensland, DEEDI, Biotechnol Labs, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia. [Zhang, Bing; Moolhuijzen, Paula; Lew-Tabor, Ala; Bellgard, Matthew] Univ New England, CRC Beef Genet Technol, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. [Ikeo, Kazuho; Tateno, Yoshio; Gojobori, Takashi] Natl Inst Genet, Ctr Informat Biol, Mishima, Shizuoka 4118540, Japan. [Ikeo, Kazuho; Tateno, Yoshio; Gojobori, Takashi] Natl Inst Genet, DNA Databank Japan, Mishima, Shizuoka 4118540, Japan. [Guerrero, Felix D.] ARS, USDA, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Lew-Tabor, Ala] Univ Queensland, Queensland Alliance Agr & Food Innovat Inst, DEEDI, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia. RP Barrero, RA (reprint author), Murdoch Univ, Ctr Comparat Genom, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. EM rbarrero@ccg.murdoch.edu.au RI Lew-Tabor, Ala/A-5286-2010 OI Lew-Tabor, Ala/0000-0001-7147-1078 FU WA State Government; WA Centre of Excellence in Comparative Genomics; National Collaborative Research Infrastructure (NCRIS) FX This research was funded in part by the WA State Government and the WA Centre of Excellence in Comparative Genomics. We acknowledge the CRC for Beef Genetic Technologies for partial staff and laboratory support contributing to this study. We thank Dr. Megan Vance and Dr. Louise Jackson of QPI&F Biosecurity at the Animal Research Institute, QLD, Australia for the collection and kind provision (respectively) of NRFS tick stages utilised in this study. We thank Mr Zayed Albertyn for his help with preliminary analysis. We acknowledge the National Collaborative Research Infrastructure (NCRIS) for supporting the implementation of bioinformatics computational pipelines. NR 64 TC 10 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD JUN 24 PY 2011 VL 12 AR 328 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-12-328 PG 17 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 795PH UT WOS:000292985600001 PM 21699734 ER PT J AU Park, KT Allen, AJ Bannantine, JP Seo, KS Hamilton, MJ Abdellrazeq, GS Rihan, HM Grimm, A Davis, WC AF Park, Kun Taek Allen, Andrew J. Bannantine, John P. Seo, Keun Seok Hamilton, Mary J. Abdellrazeq, Gaber S. Rihan, Heba M. Grimm, Amanda Davis, William C. TI Evaluation of two mutants of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis as candidates for a live attenuated vaccine for Johne's disease SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium avium subsp.; paratuberculosis; johne's disease; Paratuberculosis; Crohn's disease; Live vaccine ID REGULATORY T-CELLS; REAL-TIME PCR; CROHNS-DISEASE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; GENE-EXPRESSION; DENDRITIC CELLS; TUBERCULOSIS; GRANULYSIN; IDENTIFICATION; MACROPHAGES AB Control of Johne's disease, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, has been difficult because of a lack of an effective vaccine. To address this problem we used targeted gene disruption to develop candidate mutants with impaired capacity to survive ex vivo and in vivo to test as a vaccine. We selected relA and pknG, genes known to be important virulence factors in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis, for initial studies. Deletion mutants were made in a wild type Map (K10) and its recombinant strain expressing the green fluorescent protein (K10-GFP). Comparison of survival in an ex vivo assay revealed deletion of either gene attenuated survival in monocyte-derived macrophages compared to survival of wild-type K10. In contrast, study in calves revealed survival in vivo was mainly affected by deletion of relA. Bacteria were detected in tissues from wild-type and the pknG mutant infected calves by bacterial culture and PCR at three months post infection. No bacteria were detected in tissues from calves infected with the relA mutant (P < 0.05). Flow cytometric analysis of the immune response to the wild-type K10-GFP and the mutant strains showed deletion of either gene did not affect their capacity to elicit a strong proliferative response to soluble antigen extract or live Map. Quantitative RTPCR revealed genes encoding IFN-gamma,IL-17, IL-22, T-bet, RORC, and granulysin were up-regulated in PBMC stimulated with live Map three months post infection compared to the response of PBMC pre-infection. A challenge study in kid goats showed deletion of pknG did not interfere with establishment of an infection. As in calves, deletion of relA attenuated survival in vivo. The mutant also elicited an immune response that limited colonization by challenge wild type Map. The findings show the relA mutant is a good candidate for development of a live attenuated vaccine for Johne's disease. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Park, Kun Taek; Hamilton, Mary J.; Grimm, Amanda; Davis, William C.] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Bannantine, John P.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Seo, Keun Seok] Univ Idaho, Dept Microbiol Mol Biol & Biochem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Abdellrazeq, Gaber S.] Univ Alexandria, Dept Microbiol, Fac Vet Med, Alexandria, Egypt. [Rihan, Heba M.] Mansoura Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Bacteriol Mycol & Immunol, Mansoura, Egypt. RP Davis, WC (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM davisw@vetmed.wsu.edu RI Abdellrazeq, Gaber/C-7667-2015; OI Abdellrazeq, Gaber/0000-0002-8677-911X; Park, Kun Taek/0000-0001-6177-0373; Bannantine, John/0000-0002-5692-7898; Seo, Keun Seok/0000-0001-9280-9680 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [N01-AI-30055]; JDIP [2007-01019, 03-9100-0788-GR, 03-9100-07-GR]; USDA Animal Health [WNV-00150]; WSU Monoclonal Antibody Center FX This project was funded in part with funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract No. N01-AI-30055, the JDIP program (USDA-CSREES-NRI-CAP Award No. 2007-01019) awarded to WCD, USDA-APHIS 03-9100-0788-GR and 03-9100-07-GR, and an intramural grant USDA Animal Health WNV-00150 and the WSU Monoclonal Antibody Center. NR 61 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 24 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 29-30 BP 4709 EP 4719 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.04.090 PG 11 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 788VG UT WOS:000292471900010 PM 21565243 ER PT J AU Kemanian, AR Julich, S Manoranjan, VS Arnold, JR AF Kemanian, Armen R. Julich, Stefan Manoranjan, Valipuram S. Arnold, Jeffrey R. TI Integrating soil carbon cycling with that of nitrogen and phosphorus in the watershed model SWAT: Theory and model testing SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Soil carbon and nutrient cycling modeling; Soil carbon saturation; Soil tillage ID ORGANIC-MATTER DYNAMICS; PHYSICAL PROTECTION; POOLS; TURNOVER; DECOMPOSITION; SATURATION; TILLAGE; SYSTEMS; WHEAT AB In this paper we describe and test a sub-model that integrates the cycling of carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) watershed model. The core of the sub-model is a multi-layer, one-pool soil organic carbon (S(C)) algorithm, in which the decomposition rate of S(C) and input rate to S(C) (through decomposition and humification of residues) depend on the current size of S(C). The organic N and P fluxes are coupled to that of C and depend on the available mineral N and P. and the C:N and N:P ratios of the decomposing pools. Tillage explicitly affects the soil organic matter turnover rate through tool-specific coefficients. Unlike most models, the turnover of soil organic matter does not follow first order kinetics. Each soil layer has a specific maximum capacity to accumulate C or C saturation (S(x)) that depends on texture and controls the turnover rate. It is shown in an analytical solution that S(x) is a parameter with major influence in the model C dynamics. Testing with a 65-yr data set from the dryland wheat growing region in Oregon shows that the model adequately simulates the S(C) dynamics in the topsoil (top 0.3 m) for three different treatments. Three key model parameters, the optimal decomposition and humification rates and a factor controlling the effect of soil moisture and temperature on the decomposition rate, showed low uncertainty as determined by generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation. Nonetheless, the parameter set that provided accurate simulations in the topsoil tended to overestimate S(C) in the subsoil, suggesting that a mechanism that expresses at depth might not be represented in the current sub-model structure. The explicit integration of C, N, and P fluxes allows for a more cohesive simulation of nutrient cycling in the SWAT model. The sub-model has to be tested in forestland and rangeland in addition to agricultural land, and in diverse soils with extreme properties such high or low pH, an organic horizon, or volcanic soils. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kemanian, Armen R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Julich, Stefan] Univ Giessen, Inst Landscape Ecol & Resources Management, D-35390 Giessen, Germany. [Manoranjan, Valipuram S.] Washington State Univ, Dept Math, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Arnold, Jeffrey R.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Kemanian, AR (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, 116 ASI Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM akemanian@psu.edu NR 35 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 52 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD JUN 24 PY 2011 VL 222 IS 12 BP 1913 EP 1921 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.03.017 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 775XR UT WOS:000291497300001 ER PT J AU Alarcon, VJ Sassenrath, GF AF Alarcon, Vladimir J. Sassenrath, Gretchen F. TI Modeling cotton (Gossypium spp.) leaves and canopy using computer aided geometric design (CAGD) SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Cotton canopy; Cotton leaves; Geometric model; CAGD; Leaf area index ID RADIATIVE-TRANSFER MODELS; ARCHITECTURE; LEAF; HIRSUTUM; PLANTS AB The research presented here develops a geometrically accurate model of cotton crop canopies that can be used to explore changes in canopy microenvironment and physiological function with leaf structure. We develop an accurate representation of the leaves, including changes in three-dimensional folding and orientation with age and cultivar. Photogrammetrical analysis of leaf surfaces is used to generate measured points at known positions. Interpolation of points located on the surface of the cotton leaves is then performed with a tensor product interpolants model that generates a generic leaf shape. Dynamic changes in leaf shape and canopy position over the growing season are based on measurements of cotton canopies in the field, and are used to modulate the generic leaf shape. The simulated leaves populate a canopy element based on statistical distributions from measured crop canopies. The simulation is found to give a good representation of cotton canopy leaves, adequately capturing the three-dimensional structure of the leaves and changes in leaf shape and size over the growing season. The simulated canopy accurately estimates leaf area index, except for the earliest measurement period prior to canopy closure. The application of the CAGD algorithm for representing cotton leaf and canopy geometry, and the technique for changing the leaves' spatial position, size and shape through time of four representative cotton canopies is found to be a useful tool for developing a realistic crop canopy. We use leaf area index (LAI) as a measure of the accuracy of model-predicted LAI values in comparison to LAI in crop canopies in situ, obtaining r(2) values ranging from 0.82 to 0.92. The level of detail captured in the model could contribute greatly to future studies of physiological function and biophysical dynamics within a crop canopy. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sassenrath, Gretchen F.] USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Alarcon, Vladimir J.] Mississippi State Univ, Geosyst Res Inst, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Sassenrath, GF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, 141 Expt Stn Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM Gretchen.Sassenrath@ars.usda.gov RI Alarcon, Vladimir/P-9202-2016 OI Alarcon, Vladimir/0000-0001-6629-5639 FU National Cotton Council; Northern Gulf Institute at Mississippi State University FX This research was supported in part by a grant from the National Cotton Council and the Northern Gulf Institute at Mississippi State University. The authors would like to thank Dr. Richard Percy for his generous gift of cotton seeds. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD JUN 24 PY 2011 VL 222 IS 12 BP 1951 EP 1963 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.03.037 PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 775XR UT WOS:000291497300005 ER PT J AU Brown, EG Anderson, RC Carstens, GE Gutierrez-Banuelos, H McReynolds, JL Slay, LJ Callaway, TR Nisbet, DJ AF Brown, Erin G. Anderson, Robin C. Carstens, Gordon E. Gutierrez-Banuelos, Hector McReynolds, Jackson L. Slay, Lisa J. Callaway, Todd R. Nisbet, David J. TI Effects of oral nitroethane administration on enteric methane emissions and ruminal fermentation in cattle SO ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nitroethane; Methane; Ruminal fermentation ID IN-VITRO; BACTERIAL-POPULATIONS; SELECT NITROCOMPOUNDS; RUMEN; METHANOGENESIS; MICROORGANISMS; ACID; 3-NITROPROPANOL; NITROPROPANOL; METABOLISM AB Methane is a potent greenhouse gas and its release to the atmosphere is widely believed to contribute to global warming. Ruminal enteric CH(4) production represents a loss of 2-15% of the animal's gross energy (GE) intake and contributes nearly 20% of US CH(4) emissions. Studies have evaluated the CH(4) inhibiting potential of select short chain nitrocompounds, such as nitroethane, but results demonstrating their effects on ruminant exhaled CH(4) emissions are lacking. Our study determined effects of oral nitroethane administration on CH(4) emissions, accumulations of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and on ruminal CH(4) producing activity in steers fed a forage based diet containing 8.8 MJ/kg of metabolizable energy on a dry matter (DM) basis. Effects of nitroethane administration on ruminal nitroethane reducing activity were also determined. Holstein steers (n = 24) of 317 +/- 6.5 kg body weight (BW) were assigned to 4 treatments that included: 0, 30, 60 and 120 mg nitroethane/kg BW/d. Treatments were administered via oral gavage twice daily at 08:00 and 16:00 h for 8 d. DM intake decreased quadratically as level of nitroethane increased with steers administered 60 and 120 mg nitroethane/kg BW consuming 14 and 7% lower DM, respectively, than steers administered 0 or 30 mg nitroethane/kg BW. Methane emissions as a proportion of GE intake and ruminal CH(4) producing activity both decreased linearly (P<0.001) as level of nitroethane increased. Compared to control steers, daily administration of nitroethane at 60 and 120 mg/kg BW reduced CH(4) emissions as a proportion of GE intake 9-22% and ruminal CH(4) producing activity 24-26%. Ruminal VFA accumulations were unaffected by nitroethane treatment. Results demonstrate that short term oral administration of nitroethane may be an effective anti-methanogenic compound in steers fed high forage diets. Further research is warranted to determine if strategies using nitroethane lower enteric CH(4) emissions in ruminants long term. Ultimately, nitrocompounds which can be reduced by rumen microbes to yield compounds with nutritional value for the host, such as amino acids, would be preferred. This paper is part of the special issue entitled: Greenhouse Gases in Animal Agriculture - Finding a Balance between Food and Emissions, Guest Edited by T.A. McAllister, Section Guest Editors: K.A. Beauchemin, X. Hao, S. McGinn and Editor for Animal Feed Science and Technology, P.H. Robinson. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Anderson, Robin C.; McReynolds, Jackson L.; Callaway, Todd R.; Nisbet, David J.] USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Brown, Erin G.] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Dept Agr, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA. [Carstens, Gordon E.; Slay, Lisa J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Anim Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Gutierrez-Banuelos, Hector] Univ Autonoma Zacatecas, Unidad Acad Med Vet & Zootecnia, Zacatecas 98500, Mexico. RP Anderson, RC (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM Robin.Anderson@ars.usda.gov FU Texas Cattle Feeder's Association FX This research was supported in part by the Texas Cattle Feeder's Association. NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-8401 J9 ANIM FEED SCI TECH JI Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. PD JUN 23 PY 2011 VL 166-67 SI SI BP 275 EP 281 DI 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.04.017 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 793VX UT WOS:000292853100032 ER PT J AU Todd, RW Cole, NA Casey, KD Hagevoort, R Auvermann, BW AF Todd, R. W. Cole, N. A. Casey, K. D. Hagevoort, R. Auvermann, B. W. TI Methane emissions from southern High Plains dairy wastewater lagoons in the summer SO ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Methane emission; Greenhouse gases; Dairy waste water; Dairy cattle; Manure management systems; Inverse dispersion modeling ID ATMOSPHERIC METHANE AB Methane is a greenhouse gas with a global warming potential 25-fold that of CO(2), and animal agriculture is recognized as a source of CH(4) to the atmosphere. Dairy farms on the southern High Plains of New Mexico and Texas (USA) are typically open lot, and sources of CH(4) are enteric emissions from cattle and wastewater lagoons. Uncovered anaerobic lagoons are identified by the US Environmental Protection Agency as a source of CH(4) in dairy manure management systems. Our objective was to quantify summer CH(4) emissions from wastewater lagoons of a commercial dairy farm in eastern New Mexico. Research was conducted during 8 days in August (2009) at a 3500 cow open lot dairy farm with flush alleys. Methane concentration over three lagoons (total area of 1.8 ha) was measured using open path laser spectroscopy. Background CH(4) concentration was measured using a back-flush gas chromatography system with flame ionization. Wind and turbulence data were measured using a three-axis sonic anemometer. Emissions were estimated using an inverse dispersion model. Methane concentrations in the air over the lagoons ranged from 3 to 12 ppm, and averaged 5.6 ppm, with a background CH(4) concentration of 1.83 ppm. Methane flux density (i.e., emission rate/unit area) ranged from 165 to 1184 mu g/m(2)/s, with a mean daily CH(4) flux density of 402 kg/ha/d. Methane emission rate averaged 0.211 kg/head/d. Uncovered anaerobic lagoons were a source of CH(4) emitted from this southern High Plains dairy farm, and lagoons could be a control point for emission reductions. This article is part of the special issue entitled: Greenhouse Gases in Animal Agriculture Finding a Balance between Food and Emissions, Guest Edited by TA. McAllister, Section Guest Editors: K.A. Beauchemin, X. Hatt S. McGinn and Editor for Animal Feed Science and Technology. P.H. Robinson. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Todd, R. W.; Cole, N. A.] USDA ARS, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Casey, K. D.; Auvermann, B. W.] Texas AgriLife Res, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Hagevoort, R.] New Mexico State Univ, Clovis, NM 88101 USA. RP Todd, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM richard.todd@ars.usda.gov RI Casey, Kenneth/F-4409-2010; feng, yongzhong/F-5090-2012 OI Casey, Kenneth/0000-0003-0819-8376; feng, yongzhong/0000-0002-5202-4368 FU Southern Great Plains Dairy Consortium FX The authors appreciate the indispensible cooperation of the dairy's management and personnel. We relied on valuable technical expertise from Larry Fulton, Will Willis, Laura Hamby, Heather Robbe and Rebecca Hager. Research was partly funded with a grant from the Southern Great Plains Dairy Consortium. Mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. NR 19 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-8401 J9 ANIM FEED SCI TECH JI Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. PD JUN 23 PY 2011 VL 166-67 SI SI BP 575 EP 580 DI 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2011.04.040 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 793VX UT WOS:000292853100063 ER PT J AU Koenig, RT Dickman, JR Wise, ML Ji, LL AF Koenig, Ryan T. Dickman, Jonathan R. Wise, Mitchell L. Ji, Li Li TI Avenanthramides Are Bioavailable and Accumulate in Hepatic, Cardiac, and Skeletal Muscle Tissue Following Oral Gavage in Rats SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Avena sativa; oats; bioavailability; alkaloids; polyphenols; avenanthramide ID WHOLE-GRAIN CONSUMPTION; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; IN-VITRO; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; OAT GROATS; VITAMIN-C; POLYPHENOLS; GLUTATHIONE; DISEASE; BRAN AB Avenanthramides (AVA), polyphenols found exclusively in oats (Avena sativa L.), may play a role in the anti-inflammatory and antiatherogenic activity of oats. The bioavailability of AVA has been demonstrated previously, but its distribution at the organ and tissue level and the extent of conjugation following ingestion have been unexplored. Synthetic AVA was administered to 24 rats by oral gavage, whereas 6 control rats received saline. AVA concentrations were measured via HPLC in plasma, liver, heart, and gastrocnemius (GAS) obtained over a 12 h period (0, 2, 4, 12 h; n = 6 at each time point). Samples were extracted with and without glucuronidase-sulfatase to assess the level of conjugation. We conclude that AVA are bioavailable to the blood circulation following oral ingestion in the rat and reach peripheral tissues where they can be taken up by various organs differentially. With AVA remaining in the organs for up to 12 h, it seems possible to maintain an increased level of AVA in the rat via repeated feedings. C1 [Koenig, Ryan T.; Dickman, Jonathan R.; Ji, Li Li] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Kinesiol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Wise, Mitchell L.] USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Ji, LL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Kinesiol, 2000 Observ Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM ji@educa-tion.wisc.edu NR 38 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 22 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 12 BP 6438 EP 6443 DI 10.1021/jf2002427 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 776WA UT WOS:000291568300011 PM 21417395 ER PT J AU Choi, SH Ahn, JB Kozukue, N Levin, CE Friedman, M AF Choi, Suk-Hyun Ahn, Jun-Bae Kozukue, Nobuyuki Levin, Carol E. Friedman, Mendel TI Distribution of Free Amino Acids, Flavonoids, Total Phenolics, and Antioxidative Activities of Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) Fruits and Seeds Harvested from Plants Grown in Korea SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE jujube fruit; jujube seeds; free amino acids; phenolic compounds; antioxidative effects; functional food ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; VAR.-SPINOSA; EXTRACTS; MILL.; ACRYLAMIDE; SAPONINS; TOMATO; PLASMA; ASSAY AB Fruit pulp and seeds from the jujube plant possess nutritional and medicinal properties. The bioactive components have been shown to vary both with cultivar and with growing conditions. Most studies report the components of varieties from China. We measured free amino acid, individual phenolic, and total phenolic content, and antioxidative activities in three jujube fruit pulp extracts from Boeun-deachu, Mechu, and Sanzoin cultivars and two seed extracts (Mechu and Sanzoin) from plants grown in Korea. In g/100 g dry weight, total free amino acid content measured by ion-exchange chromatography ranged from 5.2 to 9.8 in the pulp and from 4.0 to 5.3 in the seed. Total phenolic content measured by Folin-Ciocalteu ranged from 1.1 to 2.4 in the pulp and from 3.6 to 4.6 in the seed. Flavonoids were measured by HPLC and ranged from 0.7 to 1.8 in the pulp and from 3.2 to 4.0 in the seed. Flavonoids were identified by HPLC elution position and UV/vis and mass spectra. Fruits contained the following flavonoids: procyanidin B2, epicatechin, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (Q-3-R), quercetin-3-O-galactoside (Q-3-G), kaempferol-glucosyl-rhamnoside (K-G-R), and two unidentified compounds. Seeds contained the following flavonoids: saponarin, spinosin, vitexin, swertish, 6"'-hydroxybenzoylspinosin (6'"-HBS), 6"'-feruloylspinosin (6"'-FS), and one unidentified substance. Dimensions and weights of the fresh fruit samples affected phenolic content. The distribution of the individual flavonoids among the different samples varied widely. Data determined by the FRAP antioxidative assay were well correlated with total phenolic content. In a departure from other studies, data from the DPPH free radical assay were not correlated with FRAP or with any of the measured compositional parameters. Because individual jujube flavonoids are reported to exhibit different health-promoting effects, knowledge of the composition and concentration of bioactive compounds of jujube products can benefit consumers. C1 [Levin, Carol E.; Friedman, Mendel] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Choi, Suk-Hyun; Ahn, Jun-Bae] Seowon Univ, Dept Food Serv Ind, Cheongju 361742, South Korea. [Kozukue, Nobuyuki] Seowon Univ, Boeun Jujube Ind Support Ctr, Cheongju 361742, South Korea. RP Friedman, M (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM mendel.friedman@ars.usda.gov OI Levin, Carol/0000-0001-6522-6156; Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 FU Boeun Jujube Industry Support Center of the Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Republic of Korea FX This study was supported by Boeun Jujube Industry Support Center of the Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Republic of Korea. NR 32 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 8 U2 76 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 22 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 12 BP 6594 EP 6604 DI 10.1021/jf200371r PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 776WA UT WOS:000291568300030 PM 21574660 ER PT J AU Lin, LZ Sun, JH Chen, P Harnly, JA AF Lin, Long-Ze Sun, Jianghao Chen, Pei Harnly, James A. TI LC-PDA-ESI/MSn Identification of New Anthocyan ins in Purple Bordeaux Radish (Raphanus sativus L. Variety) SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Purple Bordeaux radish; Raphanus sativus L. variety; acelyted cyanidin 3-sophroside-3-diglucosides; acylated cyanidin 3-sophroside-3-glucosides; LC-DAD-ES1/MSn analysis ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; TANDEM-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ACYLATED CYANIDIN 3-SOPHOROSIDE-5-GLUCOSIDES; RED CABBAGE; ELECTROSPRAY; FLOWERS; FLAVONOIDS; VEGETABLES; PROFILES; HEALTH AB An LC-PDA-ESI/MSn profiling method was used to identify the anthocyanins of purple Bordeaux radish and led to the assignment of 60 anthocyanins: 14 acylated cyanidin 3-(glucosylacyl)acylsophoroside-5-diglucosides, 24 acylated cyanidin 3-sophoroside-5-diglucosides, and 22 acylated cyanidin 3-sophoroside-5-glucosides. The identifications were supported by the presence of 3-sophoroside-5-cliglucoside and 3-sophroside-5-glucoside of cyanidin in the alkaline-hydrolyzed extract. A reliable method to identify the anthocyanins containing 3-(glucosylacyl)acylsophorosyl functions is described. The tentative identifications were obtained from tandem mass data analysis and confirmed by high-resolution mass measurements. Further assignments were made for some anthocyanins from a comparison of the mass and UV-vis data and elution order with those of the anthocyanins in the authors' polyphenol database and from consideration of the structural characteristics of the anthocyanins from similar plants and similar anthocyanins in the literature. The presence of 38 acylated cyanidin 3-sophoroside-5-diglucosides and around 10 acylated cyanidin 3-sophoroside-5-malonylglucosides in plants is reported here for the first time. C1 [Lin, Long-Ze; Sun, Jianghao; Chen, Pei; Harnly, James A.] ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lin, LZ (reprint author), ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA,BARC E, Bldg 161,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM longze.lin@ars.usda.gov RI Sun, Jianghao/A-6134-2010 FU Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture; Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health FX This research is supported by the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and an Interagency Agreement with the Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health. NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 22 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 12 BP 6616 EP 6627 DI 10.1021/jf200571a PG 12 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 776WA UT WOS:000291568300032 PM 21513350 ER PT J AU Cheng, L Booker, FL Burkey, KO Tu, C Shew, HD Rufty, TW Fiscus, EL Deforest, JL Hu, SJ AF Cheng, Lei Booker, Fitzgerald L. Burkey, Kent O. Tu, Cong Shew, H. David Rufty, Thomas W. Fiscus, Edwin L. Deforest, Jared L. Hu, Shuijin TI Soil Microbial Responses to Elevated CO2 and O-3 in a Nitrogen-Aggrading Agroecosystem SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; ORGANIC-MATTER; COMMUNITY COMPOSITION; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; PINE FOREST; BIOMASS; ENRICHMENT; OZONE; METAANALYSIS; PLANT AB Climate change factors such as elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and ozone (O-3) can exert significant impacts on soil microbes and the ecosystem level processes they mediate. However, the underlying mechanisms by which soil microbes respond to these environmental changes remain poorly understood. The prevailing hypothesis, which states that CO2- or O-3-induced changes in carbon (C) availability dominate microbial responses, is primarily based on results from nitrogen (N)-limiting forests and grasslands. It remains largely unexplored how soil microbes respond to elevated CO2 and O-3 in N-rich or N-aggrading systems, which severely hinders our ability to predict the long-term soil C dynamics in agroecosystems. Using a long-term field study conducted in a no-till wheat-soybean rotation system with open-top chambers, we showed that elevated CO2 but not O-3 had a potent influence on soil microbes. Elevated CO2 (1.5xambient) significantly increased, while O-3 (1.4xambient) reduced, aboveground (and presumably belowground) plant residue C and N inputs to soil. However, only elevated CO2 significantly affected soil microbial biomass, activities (namely heterotrophic respiration) and community composition. The enhancement of microbial biomass and activities by elevated CO2 largely occurred in the third and fourth years of the experiment and coincided with increased soil N availability, likely due to CO2-stimulation of symbiotic N-2 fixation in soybean. Fungal biomass and the fungi: bacteria ratio decreased under both ambient and elevated CO2 by the third year and also coincided with increased soil N availability; but they were significantly higher under elevated than ambient CO2. These results suggest that more attention should be directed towards assessing the impact of N availability on microbial activities and decomposition in projections of soil organic C balance in N-rich systems under future CO2 scenarios. C1 [Cheng, Lei; Tu, Cong; Shew, H. David; Hu, Shuijin] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Booker, Fitzgerald L.; Burkey, Kent O.; Fiscus, Edwin L.] ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, USDA, Raleigh, NC USA. [Booker, Fitzgerald L.; Burkey, Kent O.; Rufty, Thomas W.; Fiscus, Edwin L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Deforest, Jared L.] Ohio Univ, Dept Environm & Plant Biol, Athens, OH 45701 USA. RP Cheng, L (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Inst Environm Genom, Norman, OK 73019 USA. EM shuijin_hu@ncsu.edu RI DeForest, Jared/E-5777-2011; Cheng, Lei /G-8430-2011; chen, vivi/A-1085-2012; Cheng, lei/E-6307-2013; Tu, Cong/H-9750-2013 FU USDA-ARS Plant Science Research Unit (Raleigh, NC); USDA [2009-35101-05351] FX Lei Cheng was supported by a fellowship from the USDA-ARS Plant Science Research Unit (Raleigh, NC) and was in part by an USDA grant to SH (2009-35101-05351). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 73 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 75 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 22 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 6 AR e21377 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0021377 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 782TF UT WOS:000292033700070 PM 21731722 ER PT J AU Bux, H Ashraf, M Chen, XM Mumtaz, AS AF Bux, Hadi Ashraf, Muhammad Chen, Xianming Mumtaz, Abdul Samad TI Effective genes for resistance to stripe rust and virulence of Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici in Pakistan SO AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Near-isogenic lines; Puccinia striiformis f. sp tritici; stripe rust; Triticum aestivum; virulence; Yr genes ID ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE; LEAF RUST; YELLOW RUST; WHEAT AB Virulence patterns of wheat stripe rust were studied under the field conditions across four environmentally different locations: Quaid-i-Azam University (Islamabad), Pirsabak (NWFP), Faisalabad (Punjab) and Sakrand (Sindh) by planting trap nursery of tester lines and Pakistan varieties. The results revealed that stripe rust resistance genes Yr3, Yr5, Yr10, Yr15, Yr26, YrSP and YrCV were resistant, while Yr18 showed moderate susceptibility at all locations. Genes YrA-, Yr2, Yr6, Yr7, Yr8, Yr9, Yr17, Yr27 and gene combinations Opata (Yr27+Yr18) and Super Kauz (Yr9, Yr27, Yr18) were found susceptible. Among the fifty-one (51) commercial varieties; Barani70, Marvi2000, Iqbal2000, GA2000 and Seher2006 were found resistant. The genes found effective against stripe rust under natural conditions may be deployed singly or in combination to develop high yielding resistant wheat varieties in Pakistan. C1 [Ashraf, Muhammad] Natl Univ Sci & Technol, NUST Ctr Virol & Immunol, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. [Bux, Hadi; Mumtaz, Abdul Samad] Quaid I Azam Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Islamabad, Pakistan. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, USDA, Agr Res Serv, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Ashraf, M (reprint author), Natl Univ Sci & Technol, NUST Ctr Virol & Immunol, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. EM ashrafjahanian@yahoo.com RI Ashraf, Muhammad/B-4414-2012 NR 23 TC 4 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC JOURNALS PI VICTORIA ISLAND PA P O BOX 5170-00200 NAIROBI, VICTORIA ISLAND, LAGOS 73023, NIGERIA SN 1684-5315 J9 AFR J BIOTECHNOL JI Afr. J. Biotechnol. PD JUN 20 PY 2011 VL 10 IS 28 BP 5489 EP 5495 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 817HA UT WOS:000294661400012 ER PT J AU Reitz, SR Gao, YL Lei, ZR AF Reitz, Stuart R. Gao Yu-lin Lei Zhong-ren TI Thrips: Pests of Concern to China and the United States SO AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES IN CHINA LA English DT Article DE Frankliniella; Scirtothrips; Thrips; Tospovirus; behavioral ecology; pest status; integrated pest management ID WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS; TOMATO-SPOTTED-WILT; FRANKLINIELLA-OCCIDENTALIS THYSANOPTERA; ORIUS-INSIDIOSUS HETEROPTERA; DORSALIS HOOD THYSANOPTERA; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA BALSAMO; WITHIN-PLANT DISTRIBUTION; VAPOR-PRESSURE DEFICIT; SPIDER-MITES ACARI; ONION THRIPS AB Thrips are among the most important agricultural pests globally because of the damage inflicted by their oviposition, feeding, and ability to transmit plant viruses. Because of their invasiveness, a number of pest species are common to both China and the United States and present significant challenges to growers of a wide range of crops in both countries. Among the pest thrips common to both countries are four of the major global thrips pests, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood, Thrips palmi Karny, and Thrips tabaci Lindeman. This review addresses characteristics that enable thrips to be such damaging pests and how biological attributes of thrips create challenges for their management. Despite these challenges, a number of successful management tactics have been developed for various cropping systems. We discuss some of these tactics that have been developed, including the use of cultural controls, biological controls, and judicious use of insecticides that do not disrupt overall pest management programs. The exchange of this type of information will help to facilitate management of pest thrips, especially in regions where species have recently invaded. A prime example is F. occidentalis, the western flower thrips, which is native to the United States, but has recently invaded China. Therefore, management tactics developed in the United States can be adapted to China. Because further success in management of thrips requires a thorough understanding of thrips ecology, we discuss areas of future research and emphasize the importance of collaboration among different countries to enhance our overall understanding of the biology and ecology of thrips and to improve management programs for these widespread pests. C1 [Reitz, Stuart R.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. [Gao Yu-lin; Lei Zhong-ren] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. RP Reitz, SR (reprint author), ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. EM Stuart.reitz@ars.usda.gov; ylgao@ippcaas.cn; leizhr@sina.com RI Reitz, Stuart/B-7667-2008 FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2009CB119004]; National Special Fund for the Commonweal Agricultural Research of China [200903032]; Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System, China [Nycytx-35-gw27] FX We thank Prof. Wen Jinzeng, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, for valuable comments on the manuscript. This research was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program, 2009CB119004), the National Special Fund for the Commonweal Agricultural Research of China (200903032) and the Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System, China (Nycytx-35-gw27). NR 244 TC 26 Z9 38 U1 9 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1671-2927 EI 2210-450X J9 AGR SCI CHINA JI Agric. Sci. China PD JUN 20 PY 2011 VL 10 IS 6 BP 867 EP 892 DI 10.1016/S1671-2927(11)60073-4 PG 26 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 773QU UT WOS:000291324000008 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, L Martinez, B Zhou, Y Rodriguez, A Donovan, DM Garcia, P AF Rodriguez, Lorena Martinez, Beatriz Zhou, Yuan Rodriguez, Ana Donovan, David M. Garcia, Pilar TI Lytic activity of the virion-associated peptidoglycan hydrolase HydH5 of Staphylococcus aureus bacteriophage vB_SauS-philPLA88 SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GROUP-B STREPTOCOCCI; LYSIS; ENDOLYSIN; ENZYME; DOMAIN; INFECTION; BACTERIAL; IDENTIFICATION; ELIMINATION; PATHOGENS AB Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a food-borne pathogen and the most common cause of infections in hospitalized patients. The increase in the resistance of this pathogen to antibacterials has made necessary the development of new anti-staphylococcal agents. In this context, bacteriophage lytic enzymes such as endolysins and structural peptidoglycan (PG) hydrolases have received considerable attention as possible antimicrobials against gram-positive bacteria. Results: S. aureus bacteriophage vB_SauS-phiIPLA88 (phiIPLA88) contains a virion-associated muralytic enzyme (HydH5) encoded by orf58, which is located in the morphogenetic module. Comparative bioinformatic analysis revealed that HydH5 significantly resembled other peptidoglycan hydrolases encoded by staphylococcal phages. The protein consists of 634 amino acid residues. Two putative lytic domains were identified: an N-terminal CHAP (cysteine, histidine-dependent amidohydrolase/peptidase) domain (135 amino acid residues), and a C-terminal LYZ2 (lysozyme subfamily 2) domain (147 amino acid residues). These domains were also found when a predicted three-dimensional structure of HydH5 was made which provided the basis for deletion analysis. The complete HydH5 protein and truncated proteins containing only each catalytic domain were overproduced in E. coli and purified from inclusion bodies by subsequent refolding. Truncated and full-length HydH5 proteins were all able to bind and lyse S. aureus Sa9 cells as shown by binding assays, zymogram analyses and CFU reduction analysis. HydH5 demonstrated high antibiotic activity against early exponential cells, at 45 degrees C and in the absence of divalent cations (Ca(2+), Mg(2+), Mn(2+)). Thermostability assays showed that HydH5 retained 72% of its activity after 5 min at 100 degrees C. Conclusions: The virion-associated PG hydrolase HydH5 has lytic activity against S. aureus, which makes it attractive as antimicrobial for food biopreservation and anti-staphylococcal therapy. C1 [Rodriguez, Lorena; Martinez, Beatriz; Rodriguez, Ana; Garcia, Pilar] CSIC, IPLA, Villaviciosa 33300, Asturias, Spain. [Zhou, Yuan] China Agr Univ, Coll Biol Sci, State Key Lab Agrobiotechnol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Donovan, David M.] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, ANRI, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Garcia, P (reprint author), CSIC, IPLA, Apdo 85, Villaviciosa 33300, Asturias, Spain. EM pgarcia@ipla.csic.es RI Garcia, Pilar/H-2544-2012; Rodriguez, Ana/H-4846-2012; Martinez, Beatriz/H-2953-2012; Rodriguez-Rubio, Lorena/D-2888-2017 OI Garcia, Pilar/0000-0003-1213-8165; Rodriguez, Ana/0000-0002-1577-9905; Martinez, Beatriz/0000-0001-7692-1963; Rodriguez-Rubio, Lorena/0000-0002-7846-4791 FU Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain [AGL2009-13144-C02-01]; Science, Technology and Innovation Programme, Principado de Asturias, Spain [IB08-052]; CSIC, Spain [PIE200970I090] FX This research study was supported by grants AGL2009-13144-C02-01 (Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spain), IB08-052 (Science, Technology and Innovation Programme, Principado de Asturias, Spain) and PIE200970I090 (CSIC, Spain). L.R. is a fellow of the Science, Technology and Innovation Programme (Principado de Asturias, Spain). NR 55 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD JUN 17 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 138 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-11-138 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 803NC UT WOS:000293587000001 PM 21682850 ER PT J AU Ferreira, PSF Henry, TJ AF Fiuza Ferreira, Paulo Sergio Henry, Thomas J. TI Synopsis and keys to the tribes, genera, and species of Miridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) of Minas Gerais, Brazil Part I: Bryocorinae SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Hemiptera; Heteroptera; Miridae; Bryocorinae; Brazil; Minas Gerais; diagnoses; distribution; host plants; keys ID INSECT ORDER HETEROPTERA; NEOTROPICAL MIRIDAE; JANUARY 1985; DEPOSITORIES; PLANT AB This paper begins a series of synoptic taxonomic treatments on the Miridae known from Minas Gerais, Brazil, by subfamily, beginning with the Bryocorinae. We provide diagnoses, host-plant information, distribution data, and illustrated keys to four tribes, 24 genera, and 56 species. For most species, illustrations of the adults, selected morphological characters, and male genitalia are provided to facilitate identification. C1 [Fiuza Ferreira, Paulo Sergio] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Biol Anim, Museu Entomol, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Henry, Thomas J.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC USA. RP Ferreira, PSF (reprint author), Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Biol Anim, Museu Entomol, BR-36570000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. EM pfiuza@ufv.br; thomas.henry@ars.usda.gov FU FAPEMIG [CBS 288/97] FX We thank Jose Lino Neto (Department of General Biology, Federal University of Vicosa, MG, Brazil) for his photographs (Figs. 4, 14, 26, 35, 48), Evaldo Martins Pires (graduate student) for his dorsal habitus illustration (Fig. 45), Livia Aguiar Coelho (graduate student) for the useful suggestions (Department of Animal Biology, Federal University of Vicosa, MG, Brazil). The following editors kindly gave permission to reproduce figures previously published in their journals (citations for each are given in the figure captions): Sionei R. Bonatto (Revista Brazileira de Zoologia [now Zoologia (An International Journal of Zoology)]); Alexander W. A. Kellner (Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias); Wanda I. Lugo (University of Puerto Rico, Agricultural Experiment Station Technical Paper series); Raisla Magalhaes (Revista Ceres); and Takako Matsumura Tundisi (Revista Brasileira de Biologia [now Brazilian Journal of Biology]). The first author (PSFF) is grateful to FAPEMIG for funding Project CBS 288/97. Finally, we thank John W. Brown (Systematic Entomology Laboratory [SEL], ARS, USDA, c/o USNM, Washington, DC), Michael W. Gates (SEL), and M. D. Schwartz (Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY) for their constructive reviews of the manuscript. NR 130 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JUN 16 PY 2011 IS 2920 BP 1 EP 41 PG 41 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 782FP UT WOS:000291994200001 ER PT J AU Clausen, CA Kartal, SN Arango, RA Green, F AF Clausen, Carol A. Kartal, S. Nami Arango, Rachel A. Green, Frederick, III TI The role of particle size of particulate nano-zinc oxide wood preservatives on termite mortality and leach resistance SO NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STRESS; MECHANISM AB Historically most residential wood preservatives were aqueous soluble metal formulations, but recently metals ground to submicron size and dispersed in water to give particulate formulations have gained importance. In this study, the specific role nano-zinc oxide (ZnO) particle size and leach resistance plays in termite mortality resulting from exposure to particulate ZnO-treated wood was investigated. Southern yellow pine (SYP) sapwood impregnated with three concentrations of two particle sizes (30 and 70 nm) of ZnO were compared to wood treated with soluble zinc sulphate (ZnSO(4)) preservative for leach resistance and termite resistance. Less than four percent leached from the particulate nano-ZnO-treated specimens, while 13 to 25% of the zinc sulphate leached from the soluble treated wood. Nano-ZnO was essentially non-leachable from wood treated with 5% formulation for the 30-nm particle size. In a no-choice laboratory test, eastern subterranean termites (Reticulitermes flavipes) consumed less than 10% of the leached nano-ZnO-treated wood with 93 to 100% mortality in all treatment concentrations. In contrast, termites consumed 10 to 12% of the leached ZnSO(4)-treated wood, but with lower mortality: 29% in the 1% treatment group and less than 10% (5 and 8%, respectively) in the group of wood blocks treated with 2.5 and 5.0% ZnSO(4). We conclude that termites were repelled from consuming wood treated with nano-ZnO, but when consumed it was more toxic to eastern subterranean termites than wood treated with the soluble metal oxide formulation. There were no differences in leaching or termite mortality between the two particle sizes of nano-ZnO. C1 [Clausen, Carol A.; Arango, Rachel A.; Green, Frederick, III] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Kartal, S. Nami] Istanbul Univ, Fac Forestry, Dept Forest Biol & Wood Protect Technol, Istanbul, Turkey. RP Clausen, CA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM cclausen@fs.fed.us RI Kartal, Nami/E-6516-2013 NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1931-7573 J9 NANOSCALE RES LETT JI Nanoscale Res. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 6 AR 427 DI 10.1186/1556-276X-6-427 PG 5 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 791SS UT WOS:000292685900002 PM 21711491 ER PT J AU Uchimiya, M Chang, S Klasson, KT AF Uchimiya, Minori Chang, SeChin Klasson, K. Thomas TI Screening biochars for heavy metal retention in soil: Role of oxygen functional groups SO JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Biochar; Activated carbon; Heavy metal; Volatile matter; Positive matrix factorization ID BLACK CARBON; MATRIX FACTORIZATION; ACTIVATED CARBONS; FAST PYROLYSIS; ADSORPTION; AMENDMENT; SEDIMENTS; DECHLORINATION; OXIDATION; TOXICITY AB Oxygen-containing carboxyl, hydroxyl, and phenolic surface functional groups of soil organic and mineral components play central roles in binding metal ions, and biochar amendment can provide means of increasing these surface ligands in soil. In this study, positive matrix factorization (PMF) was first employed to fingerprint the principal components responsible for the stabilization of heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Cd, Pb) and the release of selected elements (Na, Ca, K, Mg, S. Al, P. Zn) and the pH change in biochar amended soils. The PMF analysis indicated that effective heavy metal stabilization occurred concurrently with the release of Na. Ca, S. K, and Mg originating from soil and biochar, resulting in as much as an order or magnitude greater equilibrium concentrations relative to the soil-only control. In weathered acidic soil, the heavy metal (especially Pb and Cu) stabilization ability of biochar directly correlated with the amount of oxygen functional groups revealed by the O/C ratio, pH(pzc), total acidity, and by the (1)H NMR analysis. Equilibrium speciation calculation showed minor influence of hydrolysis on the total soluble metal concentration, further suggesting the importance of binding by surface ligands of biochar that is likely to be promoted by biochar-induced pH increase. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Uchimiya, Minori; Chang, SeChin; Klasson, K. Thomas] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Uchimiya, M (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM sophie.uchimiya@ars.usda.gov OI Klasson, K. Thomas/0000-0003-3358-3081 NR 46 TC 118 Z9 128 U1 26 U2 184 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3894 J9 J HAZARD MATER JI J. Hazard. Mater. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 190 IS 1-3 BP 432 EP 441 DI 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.03.063 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 788EI UT WOS:000292427800055 PM 21489689 ER PT J AU Lulai, E Huckle, L Neubauer, J Suttle, J AF Lulai, Edward Huckle, Linda Neubauer, Jonathan Suttle, Jeffrey TI Coordinate expression of AOS genes and JA accumulation: JA is not required for initiation of closing layer in wound healing tubers SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ABA; JA; Suberin; Wound-healing ID JASMONIC ACID; POTATO-TUBER; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; ABSCISIC-ACID; PROTEINASE-INHIBITOR; PLANTS; RESISTANCE; LIPOXYGENASE; INVOLVEMENT; METABOLISM AB Wounding induces a series of coordinated physiological responses essential for protection and healing of the damaged tissue. Wound-induced formation of jasmonic acid (JA) is important in defense responses in leaves, but comparatively little is known about the induction of JA biosynthesis and its role(s) in tuber wound-healing. In this study, the effects of wounding on JA content, expression of JA biosynthetic genes, and the involvement of JA in the initiation of closing layer formation in potato tubers were determined. In addition, the role of abscisic acid (ABA) in wound-induced JA accumulation was examined. The basal JA content in non-wounded tuber tissues was low (<3 ng g(-1) RN). Two hours after wounding, the JA content increased by >5-fold, reached a maximum between 4 and 6 h after wounding, and declined to near-basal levels thereafter. Tuber age (storage duration) had little effect on the pattern of JA accumulation. The expressions of the JA biosynthetic genes (StAOS2, StAOC, and StOPR3) were greatly increased by wounding reaching a maximum 2-4 h after wounding and declining thereafter. A 1-h aqueous wash of tuber discs immediately after wounding resulted in a 94% inhibition of wound-induced JA accumulation. Neither JA treatment nor inhibition of JA accumulation affected suberin polyphenolic accumulation during closing layer development indicating that JA was not essential for the initiation of primary suberization. ABA treatment did not restore JA accumulation in washed tuber tissues suggesting that leaching of endogenous ABA was either not involved or not solely involved in this loss of JA accumulation by washing. Collectively, these results indicate that JA is not required for the induction of processes essential to the initiation of suberization during closing layer development, but do not exclude the possibility that JA may be involved in other wound related responses. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Lulai, Edward; Huckle, Linda; Neubauer, Jonathan; Suttle, Jeffrey] ARS, USDA, Sugarbeet & Potato Res Unit, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Lulai, E (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sugarbeet & Potato Res Unit, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM ed.lulai@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 168 IS 9 BP 976 EP 982 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2010.12.001 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 780YY UT WOS:000291899000016 PM 21211864 ER PT J AU Frisbee, MD Phillips, FM Campbell, AR Liu, FJ Sanchez, SA AF Frisbee, Marty D. Phillips, Fred M. Campbell, Andrew R. Liu, Fengjing Sanchez, Steve A. TI Streamflow generation in a large, alpine watershed in the southern Rocky Mountains of Colorado: Is streamflow generation simply the aggregation of hillslope runoff responses? SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PASSIVE CAPILLARY SAMPLERS; STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; RESIDENCE TIME; CATCHMENT-SCALE; SNOWMELT INFILTRATION; COLLECTING SAMPLES; LANDSCAPE CONTROLS; DIAGNOSTIC-TOOLS; UNITED-STATES; FRONT RANGE AB Spatial and temporal trends in stream chemistry were investigated in a large (1600 km(2)) alpine watershed in the southern Rocky Mountains of Colorado to help understand mechanisms of streamflow generation. We observed linear increases of concentrations of chemical constituents in streamflow as accumulated drainage area increased along the main channel of Saguache Creek. We tested two conceptual models of streamflow generation against our stream chemistry observations. One model is essentially two-dimensional and treats streamflow generation at the large watershed scale as the aggregation of runoff responses from individual hillslopes, primarily surface and shallow subsurface flow paths. Alternatively, a fully three-dimensional conceptual model treats streamflow generation as being controlled by a distribution of large-scale groundwater flow paths as well as surface and shallow subsurface flow paths. The structure and magnitude of groundwater contributions in streamflow as a function of increasing scale provided a key distinction between these two conceptual models. End-member mixing analysis and measurements of hydraulic head gradients in streambeds were used to quantify basin-scale groundwater contributions to streamflow with increasing spatial scale in the Saguache Creek watershed. Our data show that groundwater contributions are important in streamflow generation at all scales and, more importantly, that groundwater contributions to streamflow do increase with increasing watershed scale. These results favor the three-dimensional conceptual model in which long groundwater flow paths provide a streamflow generation process at large scales that is not operative at smaller scales. This finding indicates that large watersheds may be more than simply the aggregation of hillslopes and small catchments. C1 [Frisbee, Marty D.] AMEC Earth & Environm, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Frisbee, Marty D.; Phillips, Fred M.; Campbell, Andrew R.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. [Liu, Fengjing] Lincoln Univ, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Jefferson City, MO 65101 USA. [Liu, Fengjing] Lincoln Univ, Cooperat Res Programs, Jefferson City, MO 65101 USA. [Sanchez, Steve A.] BLM USFS, Saguache Field Off, Saguache, CO 81149 USA. RP Frisbee, MD (reprint author), AMEC Earth & Environm, 115 W Abeyta St,Ste A,POB 445, Socorro, NM 87801 USA. EM mfrisbee@alumni.nmt.edu OI Frisbee, Marty/0000-0002-9928-7149 FU Sustainability of Semi-arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas (SAHRA) Science and Technology Center of the National Science Foundation (NSF) [EAR-9876800]; New Mexico Water Resources Research Institute FX Funding for this research was provided by the Sustainability of Semi-arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas (SAHRA) Science and Technology Center of the National Science Foundation (NSF agreement EAR-9876800). Funding was also provided by the New Mexico Water Resources Research Institute in the form of a student water research grant. We thank the Saguache Field Office of BLM/USFS for logistical support with field installations in the Saguache Creek watershed. We thank Emily Engle, Ginny Bracht, Andrew Fargo, Jesus Gomez, Andre Ritchie, Frank Hack, Shasta Marrero, Matt Baillie, Jane Overton, Siona Curtis-Briley, and Sam Siemens for field assistance. We also thank Bonnie Frey, Frederick Partey, and Dustin Baca at the New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Chemical Laboratory and Gabe Graf and Matt Earthman in the New Mexico Tech Stable Isotope Laboratory. Certain aspects of this study would not have been accomplished without the cooperation of local ranching families, and we are very grateful for the support provided by the Curtis, Gilbert, Hill, Nielsen, and Williams families. The comments and suggestions from Hoshin V. Gupta and three anonymous reviewers greatly improved this paper. NR 63 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 4 U2 42 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 47 AR W06512 DI 10.1029/2010WR009391 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 780JU UT WOS:000291852800001 ER PT J AU Lakeh, AAB Farahmand, H Mirvaghefi, A Kloas, W Peterson, BC Wuertz, S AF Lakeh, Amir Abbas Bazyar Farahmand, Hamid Mirvaghefi, Alireza Kloas, Werner Peterson, Brian C. Wuertz, Sven TI GH and IGF-I induction by passive immunisation of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum) using a somatostatin-14 antibody SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE Somatostatin14; Passive immunisation; GH; IGF-I; Rainbow trout; Growth ID EGG-YOLK ANTIBODIES; GROWTH-HORMONE-SECRETION; CHANNEL CATFISH; CHICKEN; FISH; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; PLASMA; RESPONSES; IMMUNONEUTRALIZATION; IMMUNOGLOBULINS AB Inhibition of the growth axis by somatostatin was studied in juvenile rainbow trout using passive immunisation with a previously isolated somatostatin antibody (antiSS-14). Upon subcutaneous injection of laying hens (Gallus domesticus) with conjugated somatostatin-14 (SS-14), the antiSS-14 was isolated from egg yolk. Isolation of immunoglobulin was carried out at 40 days, revealing maximum IgY titre (IgY) at 3.22 +/- 0.08 compared to control (0.1 +/- 0.04) and highest total protein of 183 +/- 2 mg ml(-1) compared to the control (85 +/- 3 mg ml(-1)). To test the effects of antiSS-14 on the somatotropin axis, rainbow trout were passively immunised. Passive immunisation with extracted IgY at a dilution of 1:25 increased GH plasma concentrations after 30 min, reaching a maximum at 35 +/- 7 ng ml(-1) after 120 min. GH remained elevated for over a day, returning to baseline at 2 days. At 1:100, GH increased and returned to normal after 2 days. At 1:25, IGF-I plasma concentrations were increased at 30 min (277 +/- 74 ng ml(-1), p<0.05), 120 min (212 +/- 77 ng ml(-1), p>0.05), 240 min (359 +/- 172 ng ml(-1), p<0.05) and 1 day (259 +/- 117 ng ml(-1), p<0.05) compared to the control (n = 7, Tukey test), returning to baseline levels after 2 days (145 +/- 45 ng ml(-1)). In the 1:100 treatment group, slightly elevated GH did not induce IGF-I, which fluctuated between 13 8 +/- 15 ng ml(-1) and 167 +/- 35 ng ml(-1) (n = 7, p>0.05) compared to the control fish, ranging from 131 +/- 10 ng ml(-1) to 148 +/- 6 ng ml(-1). Passive immunisation thus demonstrates up-regulation of plasma GH and IGF-I, suggesting the blockage of SS-14 mediated growth inhibition. The simplicity of antiSS-14 production in chicken eggs and the upregulation of GH and IGF-I suggests a potential use for growth promotion in aquaculture. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wuertz, Sven] Gesell Marine Aquakultur, D-25761 Busum, Germany. [Lakeh, Amir Abbas Bazyar; Farahmand, Hamid; Mirvaghefi, Alireza] Univ Tehran, Fac Nat Resources, Dept Fisheries & Environm Sci, Karaj, Iran. [Kloas, Werner; Wuertz, Sven] Leibniz Inst Freshwater Ecol & Inland Fisheries, Dept Aquaculture & Ecophysiol, D-12587 Berlin, Germany. [Peterson, Brian C.] USDA, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Wuertz, S (reprint author), Gesell Marine Aquakultur, Hafentorn 3, D-25761 Busum, Germany. EM wuertz@gma-buesum.de RI Wurtz, Sven/A-6550-2012 NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 316 IS 1-4 BP 99 EP 103 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.02.029 PG 5 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 773UT UT WOS:000291337400015 ER PT J AU Ecco, R Brown, C Susta, L Cagle, C Cornax, I Pantin-Jackwood, M Miller, PJ Afonso, CL AF Ecco, Roselene Brown, Corrie Susta, Leonardo Cagle, Caran Cornax, Ingrid Pantin-Jackwood, Mary Miller, Patti J. Afonso, Claudio L. TI In vivo transcriptional cytokine responses and association with clinical and pathological outcomes in chickens infected with different Newcastle disease virus isolates using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Newcastle disease virus; Chicken; Pathotype; Gene expression; Cytokines ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; DIFFERENT VIRULENCE; DOMESTIC CHICKENS; RNA; PATHOGENESIS; EXPRESSION; TISSUES; INTERLEUKIN-6; CELLS; GAMMA AB Little is known about the host response of chickens infected with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and the relationship between the innate immune response and the severity of clinical disease. Measurement of cytokine responses during infection in vivo can help to elucidate the mechanisms of virus pathogenesis. The transcriptional response of several cytokines from paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed spleen of chicken naturally infected by NDV velogenic viscerotropic viruses was compared to the responses of atypical velogenic, velogenic neurotropic, and mesogenic strains during the first five days after infection. The RNA expression for IFN-gamma and IL-6 was enhanced at day two in the highly virulent velogenic viscerotropic viruses (California and rZJ1 strains) and corresponded with the presence of the virus in tissues. However, in one atypical velogenic viscerotropic virus (Australia strain), two velogenic neurotropic viruses (Turkey ND and Texas GB) and, a mesogenic virus (Anhinga strain) the cytokine responses to infection were delayed or reduced. Increased levels of IFN-beta RNA expression were only detected in the velogenic viscerotropic virus infected chickens (California and rZJ1 strains) at 3 days post-infection and one mesogenic strain (Anhinga) early in infection. The RNA expression levels of IL-2 did not increase upon infection with any of the viruses. A pronounced increase of RNA expression levels of IL-6 and IFN-gamma was detected simultaneously with infiltration of macrophages and/or lymphoid necrosis in the histopathological analysis of the spleen and cecal tonsils. The differences in the RNA expression levels may help explain possible underlying mechanisms of clinical disease and/or immune responses in birds infected with strains of APMV-1 that cause distinct pathologic changes. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ecco, Roselene; Brown, Corrie; Susta, Leonardo] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Cagle, Caran; Cornax, Ingrid; Pantin-Jackwood, Mary; Miller, Patti J.; Afonso, Claudio L.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Ecco, R (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM eccoro72@gmail.com OI Ecco, Roselene/0000-0002-8052-5389 FU "Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico" (CNPq); Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG); USDA CRIS [6612-32000-049-00D] FX R. E. was supported by the Brazilian government sponsoring agency "Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico" (CNPq) and Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG).; This work was funded by USDA CRIS project number 6612-32000-049-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this manuscript is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 141 IS 3-4 BP 221 EP 229 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2011.03.002 PG 9 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA 771EE UT WOS:000291139200006 PM 21458080 ER PT J AU Cao, JJ AF Cao, Jay J. TI Effects of obesity on bone metabolism SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE bone; fat; obesity; osteoporosis; inflammation ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; BODY-MASS INDEX; NORMAL POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; ACTIVATED-RECEPTOR-GAMMA; MARROW STROMAL CELLS; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; MINERAL DENSITY; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; FAT MASS AB Obesity is traditionally viewed to be beneficial to bone health because of well-established positive effect of mechanical loading conferred by body weight on bone formation, despite being a risk factor for many other chronic health disorders. Although body mass has a positive effect on bone formation, whether the mass derived from an obesity condition or excessive fat accumulation is beneficial to bone remains controversial. The underline pathophysiological relationship between obesity and bone is complex and continues to be an active research area. Recent data from epidemiological and animal studies strongly support that fat accumulation is detrimental to bone mass. To our knowledge, obesity possibly affects bone metabolism through several mechanisms. Because both adipocytes and osteoblasts are derived from a common multipotential mesenchymal stem cell, obesity may increase adipocyte differentiation and fat accumulation while decrease osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation. The increased circulating and tissue proinflammatory cytokines in obesity may promote osteoclast activity and bone resorption through modifying the receptor activator of NF-kappa B (RANK)/RANK ligand/osteoprotegerin pathway. Furthermore, the excessive secretion of leptin and/or decreased production of adiponectin by adipocytes in obesity may either directly affect bone formation or indirectly affect bone resorption through up-regulated proinflammatory cytokine production. Finally, high-fat intake may interfere with intestinal calcium absorption and therefore decrease calcium availability for bone formation. Unraveling the relationship between fat and bone metabolism at molecular level may help us to develop therapeutic agents to prevent or treat both obesity and osteoporosis. Obesity, defined as having a body mass index >= 30 kg/m(2), is a condition in which excessive body fat accumulates to a degree that adversely affects health [1]. The rates of obesity rates have doubled since 1980 [2] and as of 2007, 33% of men and 35% of women in the US are obese [3]. Obesity is positively associated to many chronic disorders such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and certain cancers [4-6]. It is estimated that the direct medical cost associated with obesity in the United States is similar to$100 billion per year [7]. Bone mass and strength decrease during adulthood, especially in women after menopause [8]. These changes can culminate in osteoporosis, a disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration resulting in increased bone fracture risk. It is estimated that there are about 10 million Americans over the age of 50 who have osteoporosis while another 34 million people are at risk of developing the disease [9]. In 2001, osteoporosis alone accounted for some $17 billion in direct annual healthcare expenditure. Several lines of evidence suggest that obesity and bone metabolism are interrelated. First, both osteoblasts (bone forming cells) and adipocytes (energy storing cells) are derived from a common mesenchymal stem cell [10] and agents inhibiting adipogenesis stimulated osteoblast differentiation [11-13] and vice versa, those inhibiting osteoblastogenesis increased adipogenesis [14]. Second, decreased bone marrow osteoblastogenesis with aging is usually accompanied with increased marrow adipogenesis [15,16]. Third, chronic use of steroid hormone, such as glucocorticoid, results in obesity accompanied by rapid bone loss [17,18]. Fourth, both obesity and osteoporosis are associated with elevated oxidative stress and increased production of proinflammatory cytokines [19,20]. At present, the mechanisms for the effects of obesity on bone metabolism are not well defined and will be the focus of this review. C1 USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Cao, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, 2420 2nd Ave N, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM Jay.Cao@ars.usda.gov NR 93 TC 165 Z9 167 U1 6 U2 58 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1749-799X J9 J ORTHOP SURG RES JI J. Orthop. Surg. Res. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 6 AR 30 DI 10.1186/1749-799X-6-30 PG 7 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 971UI UT WOS:000306229000002 PM 21676245 ER PT J AU Cool, LG Takeoka, GR Vermillion, KE AF Cool, Laurence G. Takeoka, Gary R. Vermillion, Karl E. TI Volatile non-terpenoid hydrocarbons from Ligusticum grayi roots SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Ligusticum grayi; Apiaceae; Gray's lovage; Root; Viridene; Norviridene; Polyketide ID UMBELLIFERAE PLANTS; CONSTITUENTS; PHTHALIDES; OIL AB The root essential oil of Ligusticum grayi Coult. & Rose (Apiaceae) was found to contain three volatile non-terpenoid hydrocarbons: the known C(11) compound viridene, whose structure is hereby corrected to 1-[(2Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl]cyclohexa-1,3-diene; and the heretofore unreported C(10) compounds 1-[(2Z)-but-2-en-1-yl]cyclohexa-1,3-diene (norviridene), and (Z)-but-2-en-1-ylbenzene (ar-norviridene). These compounds are structurally similar to the 3-alkylphthalides that are widespread in the Apiaceae and, like the latter, probably arise from polyketide precursors. (C) 2011 Phytochemical Society of Europe. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cool, Laurence G.; Takeoka, Gary R.] ARS, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Vermillion, Karl E.] ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Cool, LG (reprint author), 2408 McKinley Ave, Berkeley, CA 94703 USA. EM larry.cool@sbcglobal.net NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-3900 J9 PHYTOCHEM LETT JI Phytochem. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 4 IS 2 BP 158 EP 160 DI 10.1016/j.phytol.2011.02.006 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Oncology SC Plant Sciences; Oncology GA 766MV UT WOS:000290788100023 ER PT J AU Beck, JJ Higbee, BS Gee, WS Dragull, K AF Beck, John J. Higbee, Bradley S. Gee, Wai S. Dragull, Klaus TI Ambient orchard volatiles from California almonds SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Almonds; Ambient volatiles; Navel orangeworm; Prunus dulcis; Semiochemicals ID NAVEL ORANGEWORM; ATTRACTANTS; WALNUT AB The volatile emissions of various plant parts of almonds have been studied via various techniques in the past. These analyses have typically been performed on single cultivars and hence may not be representative of the volatiles found in an entire almond orchard. Recent reports suggest some almond volatiles exhibit semiochemical activities for the navel orangeworm (NOW), a major insect pest of almonds; thus, the volatile composition of the comprehensive almond orchard would be helpful to research concerning NOW. The ambient volatile emissions of an almond orchard containing the cultivar Nonpareil and associated pollenizers were collected at four intervals during the 2009 growing season from orchards in the south Central Valley of California. The volatiles hexanal, octanal, nonanal, benzaldehyde, acetophenone, ethyl benzoate, methyl salicylate, and phenol were consistent in their presence and in relatively high amounts. The orchard volatile composition was analyzed via electroantennogram (EAG) analysis, which produced strong responses from NOW antennae. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd on behalf of Phytochemical Society of Europe. C1 [Beck, John J.; Gee, Wai S.; Dragull, Klaus] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Higbee, Bradley S.] Paramount Farming Co, Bakersfield, CA 93308 USA. RP Beck, JJ (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM john.beck@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5325-42000-036-00, CRADA 58-3K95-7-1198, TFCA 58-5325-8-419]; Almond Board of California FX This research was conducted under USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5325-42000-036-00, CRADA 58-3K95-7-1198, and TFCA 58-5325-8-419. The Almond Board of California is gratefully acknowledged for partial funding (JJB). The authors thank Johnny Magana, Candice Rogers (Paramount Farming Company), Jennifer Hayashi, Douglas Light, James Baker, and Glory Merrill (USDA-ARS), for their valuable contributions. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-3900 J9 PHYTOCHEM LETT JI Phytochem. Lett. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 4 IS 2 BP 199 EP 202 DI 10.1016/j.phytol.2011.03.005 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 766MV UT WOS:000290788100033 ER PT J AU Bowman, MJ Dien, BS O'Bryan, PJ Sarath, G Cotta, MA AF Bowman, Michael J. Dien, Bruce S. O'Bryan, Patricia J. Sarath, Gautam Cotta, Michael A. TI Selective chemical oxidation and depolymerization of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) xylan with oligosaccharide product analysis by mass spectrometry (vol 25, pg 941, 2011) SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Correction C1 [Bowman, Michael J.; Dien, Bruce S.; O'Bryan, Patricia J.; Cotta, Michael A.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioenergy Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Sarath, Gautam] ARS, USDA, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Bowman, MJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioenergy Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0951-4198 J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 25 IS 11 BP 1686 EP 1686 DI 10.1002/rcm.5044 PG 1 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 766IH UT WOS:000290773800029 ER PT J AU Mitchell, W Goldberg, S Al-Abadleh, HA AF Mitchell, William Goldberg, Sabine Al-Abadleh, Hind A. TI In situ ATR-FTIR and surface complexation modeling studies on the adsorption of dimethylarsinic acid and p-arsanilic acid on iron-(oxyhydr)oxides SO JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Dimethylarsenic acid; p-Arsanilic acid; Iron (oxyhydr)oxides; ATR-FTIR; Triple-layer surface complexation model ID GOETHITE-WATER INTERFACE; QUANTUM-CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS; IRON (OXYHYDR)OXIDES; OIL-SHALE; ALPHA-FEOOH; ARSENATE; OXIDES; DESORPTION; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECIATION AB Arsenic is an element that exists naturally in many rocks and minerals around the world. It also accumulates in petroleum, shale, oil sands, and coal deposits as a result of biogeochemical processes, and it has been found in fly ash from the combustion of solid biofuels. Arsenic compounds in their organic and inorganic forms pose both a health and an environmental risk, and continue to be a challenge to the energy industry. The environmental fate and removal technologies of arsenic compounds are controlled to a large extent by their surface interactions with inorganic and organic adsorbents. We report thermodynamic binding constants, K(binding), from applying the triple-layer surface complexation model to adsorption isotherm and pH envelope data for dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) and p-arsanilic acid (p-AsA) on hematite and goethite. Ligand exchange reactions were constructed based on the interpretation of ATR-FTIR spectra of DMA and p-AsA surface complexes. Surface coverage of adsorbates was quantified in situ from the spectral component at 840cm(-1). The best fit to the DMA adsorption data was obtained using outer-sphere complex formation, whereas for p-AsA, the best fit was obtained using two monodentate inner-sphere surface complexes. The significance of the results is discussed in relation to improving modeling tools used by environmental regulators and the energy sector for optimum control of arsenic content in fuels. Copyright (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Mitchell, William; Al-Abadleh, Hind A.] Wilfrid Laurier Univ, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada. [Goldberg, Sabine] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Al-Abadleh, HA (reprint author), Wilfrid Laurier Univ, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada. EM halabadleh@wlu.ca FU Wilfrid Laurier University; Canadian Foundation for Innovation; American Chemical Society FX The authors acknowledge funding from Wilfrid Laurier University, WLU Science and Technology Endowment Program (STEP), and the Canadian Foundation for Innovation. Acknowledgment is made to the donors of the American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund for support (or partial support) of this research. NR 51 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 5 U2 84 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9797 J9 J COLLOID INTERF SCI JI J. Colloid Interface Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 358 IS 2 BP 534 EP 540 DI 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.02.040 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 758TB UT WOS:000290188400031 PM 21457993 ER PT J AU Schroeder, TA Wulder, MA Healey, SP Moisen, GG AF Schroeder, Todd A. Wulder, Michael A. Healey, Sean P. Moisen, Gretchen G. TI Mapping wildfire and clearcut harvest disturbances in boreal forests with Landsat time series data SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Forest disturbance mapping; Wildfire; Clearcut harvest; Landsat time series; Image classification; Monitoring ID THEMATIC MAPPER DATA; TM TASSELED CAP; LEAF-AREA INDEX; VEGETATION INDEXES; MULTITEMPORAL LANDSAT; DETECTING TRENDS; CARBON-DYNAMICS; FIRE SEVERITY; CANADA; REFLECTANCE AB Information regarding the extent, timing and magnitude of forest disturbance are key inputs required for accurate estimation of the terrestrial carbon balance. Equally important for studying carbon dynamics is the ability to distinguish the cause or type of forest disturbance occurring on the landscape. Wildfire and timber harvesting are common disturbances occurring in boreal forests, with each having differing carbon consequences (i.e., biomass removed, recovery rates). Development of methods to not only map, but distinguish these types of disturbance with satellite data will depend upon an improved understanding of their distinctive spectral properties. In this study, we mapped wildfires and clearcut harvests occurring in a Landsat time series (LTS) acquired in the boreal plains of Saskatchewan, Canada. This highly accurate reference map (kappa = 0.91) depicting the year and cause of historical disturbances was used to determine the spectral and temporal properties needed to accurately classify fire and clearcut disturbances. The results showed that spectral data from the short-wave infrared (SWIR; e.g., Landsat band 5) portion of the electromagnetic spectrum was most effective at separating fires and clearcut harvests possibly due to differences in structure, shadowing, and amounts of exposed soil left behind by the two disturbance types. Although SWIR data acquired 1 year after disturbance enabled the most accurate discrimination of fires and clearcut harvests, good separation (e.g., kappa >= 0.80) could still be achieved with Landsat band 5 and other SWIR-based indices 3 to 4 years after disturbance. Conversely, minimal disturbance responses in near infrared-based indices associated with green leaf area (e.g.. NDVI) led to unreliably low classification accuracies regardless of time since disturbance. In addition to exploring the spectral and temporal manifestation of forest disturbance types, we also demonstrate how Landsat change maps which attribute cause of disturbance can be used to help elucidate the social, ecological and carbon consequences associated with wildfire and clearcut harvesting in Canadian boreal forests. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Schroeder, Todd A.; Healey, Sean P.; Moisen, Gretchen G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. Forestry Canada, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, Nat Resources Canada, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. RP Schroeder, TA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 507 25th St, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. EM tschroeder@fs.fed.us; mwulder@pfc.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca; seanhealey@fs.fed.us; gmoisen@fs.fed.us RI Wulder, Michael/J-5597-2016 OI Wulder, Michael/0000-0002-6942-1896 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) FX This research was funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Terrestrial Ecosystems Program through the North American Forest Dynamics Project. Additional support was provided by the Interior West Region of the Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program. Technical assistance was provided by Nancy Thomas, Chenquan Huang, and Sam Goward of the University of Maryland. Landsat image processing from the LEDAPS system was graciously provided by Jeffrey Masek of NASA. The Government Related Initiatives Program (GRIP) of the Canadian Space Agency is acknowledged for supporting a portion of the involvement of Wulder in this research. Lastly, the insightful alteration of the Landsat data policy of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) is acknowledged and appreciated for making this and similar endeavors possible. NR 102 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 5 U2 61 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD JUN 15 PY 2011 VL 115 IS 6 BP 1421 EP 1433 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2011.01.022 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 756KX UT WOS:000290011200012 ER PT J AU Caniato, FF Guimaraes, CT Hamblin, M Billot, C Rami, JF Hufnagel, B Kochian, LV Liu, JP Garcia, AAF Hash, CT Ramu, P Mitchell, S Kresovich, S Oliveira, AC de Avellar, G Borem, A Glaszmann, JC Schaffert, RE Magalhaes, JV AF Caniato, Fernanda F. Guimaraes, Claudia T. Hamblin, Martha Billot, Claire Rami, Jean-Francois Hufnagel, Barbara Kochian, Leon V. Liu, Jiping Garcia, Antonio Augusto F. Hash, C. Tom Ramu, Punna Mitchell, Sharon Kresovich, Stephen Oliveira, Antonio Carlos de Avellar, Gisela Borem, Aluizio Glaszmann, Jean-Christophe Schaffert, Robert E. Magalhaes, Jurandir V. TI The Relationship between Population Structure and Aluminum Tolerance in Cultivated Sorghum SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID REGULATES MULTIPLE GENES; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; ABC TRANSPORTER; ACID SOILS; MALATE TRANSPORTERS; ACTIVATED CITRATE; WEST-AFRICA; ARABIDOPSIS; DIVERSITY; DOMINANCE AB Background: Acid soils comprise up to 50% of the world's arable lands and in these areas aluminum (Al) toxicity impairs root growth, strongly limiting crop yield. Food security is thereby compromised in many developing countries located in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. In sorghum, SbMATE, an Al-activated citrate transporter, underlies the Alt(SB) locus on chromosome 3 and confers Al tolerance via Al-activated root citrate release. Methodology: Population structure was studied in 254 sorghum accessions representative of the diversity present in cultivated sorghums. Al tolerance was assessed as the degree of root growth inhibition in nutrient solution containing Al. A genetic analysis based on markers flanking Alt(SB) and SbMATE expression was undertaken to assess a possible role for Alt(SB) in Al tolerant accessions. In addition, the mode of gene action was estimated concerning the Al tolerance trait. Comparisons between models that include population structure were applied to assess the importance of each subpopulation to Al tolerance. Conclusion/Significance: Six subpopulations were revealed featuring specific racial and geographic origins. Al tolerance was found to be rather rare and present primarily in guinea and to lesser extent in caudatum subpopulations. Alt(SB) was found to play a role in Al tolerance in most of the Al tolerant accessions. A striking variation was observed in the mode of gene action for the Al tolerance trait, which ranged from almost complete recessivity to near complete dominance, with a higher frequency of partially recessive sources of Al tolerance. A possible interpretation of our results concerning the origin and evolution of Al tolerance in cultivated sorghum is discussed. This study demonstrates the importance of deeply exploring the crop diversity reservoir both for a comprehensive view of the dynamics underlying the distribution and function of Al tolerance genes and to design efficient molecular breeding strategies aimed at enhancing Al tolerance. C1 [Caniato, Fernanda F.; Guimaraes, Claudia T.; Hufnagel, Barbara; Oliveira, Antonio Carlos; de Avellar, Gisela; Schaffert, Robert E.; Magalhaes, Jurandir V.] Embrapa Maize & Sorghum, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil. [Hamblin, Martha; Mitchell, Sharon; Kresovich, Stephen] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY USA. [Billot, Claire; Rami, Jean-Francois; Glaszmann, Jean-Christophe] Ctr Cooperat Int Rech Agron Dev CIRAD, UMR Ameliorat Genet & Adaptat Plantes Mediterrane, Montpellier, France. [Hufnagel, Barbara] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Biol Geral, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Kochian, Leon V.; Liu, Jiping] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Garcia, Antonio Augusto F.] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Super Agr Luiz de Queiroz, Piracicaba, Brazil. [Hash, C. Tom; Ramu, Punna] Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Borem, Aluizio] Univ Fed Vicosa, Vicosa, MG, Brazil. RP Caniato, FF (reprint author), Embrapa Maize & Sorghum, Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil. EM jurandir@cnpms.embrapa.br RI Garcia, Antonio/A-4538-2010; 2, INCT/G-6506-2013; Bioetanol, Inct/I-1068-2013; Hufnagel, Barbara/H-4815-2015; OI Garcia, Antonio/0000-0003-0634-3277; Hufnagel, Barbara/0000-0002-3515-2122; Kochian, Leon/0000-0003-3416-089X FU CGIAR [G3007.04]; McKnight Foundation; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG); National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) FX The authors would like to acknowledge funding from the CGIAR Generation Challenge Program (project G3007.04) and the McKnight Foundation Collaborative Crop Research Program. The authors are also thankful to the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) for a PhD and a post-doctoral fellowship granted to FFC and to The National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for support to JVM and CTG. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 60 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 32 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 14 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 6 AR e20830 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0020830 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 778EB UT WOS:000291682300014 PM 21695088 ER PT J AU Genet, C Dehais, P Palti, Y Gao, GT Gavory, F Wincker, P Quillet, E Boussaha, M AF Genet, Carine Dehais, Patrice Palti, Yniv Gao, Guangtu Gavory, Frederick Wincker, Patrick Quillet, Edwige Boussaha, Mekki TI Analysis of BAC-end sequences in rainbow trout: Content characterization and assessment of synteny between trout and other fish genomes SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; MICROSATELLITE LINKAGE MAP; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; ATLANTIC SALMON; CHROMOSOME ARMS; PHYSICAL MAP; QTL; GENERATION; LIBRARIES; COVERAGE AB Background: Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) are cultivated worldwide for aquaculture production and are widely used as a model species to gain knowledge of many aspects of fish biology. The common ancestor of the salmonids experienced a whole genome duplication event, making extant salmonids such as the rainbow trout an excellent model for studying the evolution of tetraploidization and re-diploidization in vertebrates. However, the lack of a reference genome sequence hampers research progress for both academic and applied purposes. In order to enrich the genomic tools already available in this species and provide further insight on the complexity of its genome, we sequenced a large number of rainbow trout BAC-end sequences (BES) and characterized their contents. Results: A total of 176,485 high quality BES, were generated, representing approximately 4% of the trout genome. BES analyses identified 6,848 simple sequence repeats (SSRs), of which 3,854 had high quality flanking sequences for PCR primers design. The first rainbow trout repeat elements database (INRA RT rep1.0) containing 735 putative repeat elements was developed, and identified almost 59.5% of the BES database in base-pairs as repetitive sequence. Approximately 55% of the BES reads (97,846) had more than 100 base pairs of contiguous non-repetitive sequences. The fractions of the 97,846 non-repetitive trout BES reads that had significant BLASTN hits against the zebrafish, medaka and stickleback genome databases were 15%, 16.2% and 17.9%, respectively, while the fractions of the non-repetitive BES reads that had significant BLASTX hits against the zebrafish, medaka, and stickleback protein databases were 10.7%, 9.5% and 9.5%, respectively. Comparative genomics using paired BAC-ends revealed several regions of conserved synteny across all the fish species analyzed in this study. Conclusions: The characterization of BES provided insights on the rainbow trout genome. The discovery of specific repeat elements will facilitate analyses of sequence content (e. g. for SNPs discovery and for transcriptome characterization) and future genome sequence assemblies. The numerous microsatellites will facilitate integration of the linkage and physical maps and serve as valuable resource for fine mapping QTL and positional cloning of genes affecting aquaculture production traits. Furthermore, comparative genomics through BES can be used for identifying positional candidate genes from QTL mapping studies, aid in future assembly of a reference genome sequence and elucidating sequence content and complexity in the rainbow trout genome. C1 [Genet, Carine; Quillet, Edwige; Boussaha, Mekki] INRA, UMR GABI Genet Anim & Biol Integrat 1313, F-78350 Jouy En Josas, France. [Dehais, Patrice] INRA, UMR ENVT Genet Cellulaire 444, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France. [Palti, Yniv; Gao, Guangtu] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Gavory, Frederick; Wincker, Patrick] CEA Genoscope, F-91057 Evry, France. RP Genet, C (reprint author), INRA, UMR GABI Genet Anim & Biol Integrat 1313, F-78350 Jouy En Josas, France. EM carine.genet@jouy.inra.fr RI Gao, Guangtu/F-4541-2012 FU Genoscope; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2007-35616-17875] FX The authors thank CRB GADIE (Diane Esquerre) for BAC clones handling and Brian Smith, Renee Fincham and Kristy Shewbridge for microsatellites genotyping. We are grateful to Yann Guiguen for help and precious contribution to fund raising for this study. This work was made possible by financial support of Genoscope. We acknowledge Rene Guyomard for his initial contribution in BAC library procurement. The microsatellites genotyping was supported by NRI Grant No. 2007-35616-17875 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 49 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 17 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD JUN 14 PY 2011 VL 12 AR 314 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-12-314 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 784GX UT WOS:000292145900001 PM 21672188 ER PT J AU An, YQ Lin, L AF An, Yong-Qiang Lin, Li TI Transcriptional regulatory programs underlying barley germination and regulatory functions of Gibberellin and abscisic acid SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ARABIDOPSIS SEED-GERMINATION; OIL BODIES; DUPLICATE GENES; ACTIN SUBCLASS; EXPRESSION; DORMANCY; THALIANA; MATURATION; GENOMICS; ALEURONE AB Background: Seed germination is a complex multi-stage developmental process, and mainly accomplished through concerted activities of many gene products and biological pathways that are often subjected to strict developmental regulation. Gibberellins (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) are two key phytohormones regulating seed germination and seedling growth. However, transcriptional regulatory networks underlying seed germination and its associated biological pathways are largely unknown. Results: The studies examined transcriptomes of barley representing six distinct and well characterized germination stages and revealed that the transcriptional regulatory program underlying barley germination was composed of early, late, and post-germination phases. Each phase was accompanied with transcriptional up-regulation of distinct biological pathways. Cell wall synthesis and regulatory components including transcription factors, signaling and post-translational modification components were specifically and transiently up-regulated in early germination phase while histone families and many metabolic pathways were up-regulated in late germination phase. Photosynthesis and seed reserve mobilization pathways were up-regulated in post-germination phase. However, stress related pathways and seed storage proteins were suppressed through the entire course of germination. A set of genes were transiently up-regulated within three hours of imbibition, and might play roles in initiating biological pathways involved in seed germination. However, highly abundant transcripts in dry barley and Arabidopsis seeds were significantly conserved. Comparison with transcriptomes of barley aleurone in response to GA and ABA identified three sets of germination responsive genes that were regulated coordinately by GA, antagonistically by ABA, and coordinately by GA but antagonistically by ABA. Major CHO metabolism, cell wall degradation and protein degradation pathways were up-regulated by both GA and seed germination. Those genes and metabolic pathways are likely to be important parts of transcriptional regulatory networks underlying GA and ABA regulation of seed germination and seedling growth. Conclusions: The studies developed a model depicting transcriptional regulatory programs underlying barley germination and GA and ABA regulation of germination at gene, pathway and systems levels, and established a standard transcriptome reference for further integration with various -omics and biological data to illustrate biological networks underlying seed germination. The studies also generated a great amount of systems biological evidence for previously proposed hypotheses, and developed a number of new hypotheses on transcriptional regulation of seed germination for further experimental validation. C1 [An, Yong-Qiang] ARS, USDA, Midw Area, Plant Genet Res Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. [Lin, Li] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Morrill Sci Ctr 3 221, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP An, YQ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Midw Area, Plant Genet Res Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, 975 N Warson Rd, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. FU USDA-ARS; American Malting and Barley Association, Inc. FX We thank Dr. Tuan-hua David Ho for carefully reading the manuscript and making many valuable suggestion, Dr. Shawn Kaeppler for help over the course of the studies, Dr. Ron Skadsen for stimulating discussion, and Shulan Tian, Peicheng Jing, Stacey Madson, Kegui Chen, and Sandra BonDurant for technical help, and Allen Budde for providing barley seeds, Rebecca Lamothe and Rick Meyer for proofreading the manuscript, and the anonymous reviewers for constructive comments. The research is supported by funds from USDA-ARS and American Malting and Barley Association, Inc. to Yong-qiang An NR 73 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 32 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD JUN 13 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 105 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-11-105 PG 24 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 789FX UT WOS:000292501300001 PM 21668981 ER PT J AU Mata, N Alonso, R Badimon, L Padro, T Fuentes, F Muniz, O Perez-Jimenez, F Lopez-Miranda, J Diaz, JL Vidal, JI Barba, A Piedecausa, M Sanchez, JF Irigoyen, L Guallar, E Ordovas, JM Mata, P AF Mata, Nelva Alonso, Rodrigo Badimon, Lina Padro, Teresa Fuentes, Francisco Muniz, Ovidio Perez-Jimenez, Francisco Lopez-Miranda, Jose Diaz, Jose L. Vidal, Jose I. Barba, A. Piedecausa, Mar Sanchez, Juan F. Irigoyen, Luis Guallar, Eliseo Ordovas, Jose M. Mata, Pedro TI Clinical characteristics and evaluation of LDL-cholesterol treatment of the Spanish Familial Hypercholesterolemia Longitudinal Cohort Study (SAFEHEART) SO LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Familial hypercholesterolemia; Coronary artery disease; LDL-receptor mutations; LDL-c goal; combined therapy ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; HEART-DISEASE; GUIDELINES; RISK; MANAGEMENT; EZETIMIBE; DIAGNOSIS; MORTALITY; STATIN AB Aim: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients are at high risk for premature coronary heart disease (CHD). Despite the use of statins, most patients do not achieve an optimal LDL-cholesterol goal. The aims of this study are to describe baseline characteristics and to evaluate Lipid Lowering Therapy (LLT) in FH patients recruited in SAFEHEART. Methods and Results: A cross-sectional analysis of cases recruited in the Spanish FH cohort at inclusion was performed. Demographic, lifestyle, medical and therapeutic data were collected by specific surveys. Blood samples for lipid profile and DNA were obtained. Genetic test for FH was performed through DNA-microarray. Data from 1852 subjects (47.5% males) over 19 years old were analyzed: 1262 (68.1%, mean age 45.6 years) had genetic diagnosis of FH and 590 (31.9%, mean age 41.3 years) were non-FH. Cardiovascular disease was present in 14% of FH and in 3.2% of non-FH subjects (P < 0.001), and was significantly higher in patients carrying a null mutation compared with those carrying a defective mutation (14.87% vs. 10.6%, respectively, P < 0.05). Prevalence of current smokers was 28.4% in FH subjects. Most FH cases were receiving LLT (84%). Although 51.5% were receiving treatment expected to reduce LDL-c levels at least 50%, only 13.6% were on maximum statin dose combined with ezetimibe. Mean LDL-c level in treated FH cases was 186.5 mg/dl (SD: 65.6) and only 3.4% of patients reached and LDL-c under 100 mg/dl. The best predictor for LDL-c goal attainment was the use of combined therapy with statin and ezetimibe. Conclusion: Although most of this high risk population is receiving LLT, prevalence of cardiovascular disease and LDL-c levels are still high and far from the optimum LDL-c therapeutic goal. However, LDL-c levels could be reduced by using more intensive LLT such as combined therapy with maximum statin dose and ezetimibe. C1 [Alonso, Rodrigo; Mata, Pedro] IIS Fdn Jimenez Diaz, Dept Internal Med, Madrid, Spain. [Mata, Nelva] Madrid Hlth Author, Dept Epidemiol, Madrid, Spain. [Mata, Nelva] Fdn Hipercolesterolemia Familiar, Madrid, Spain. [Badimon, Lina; Padro, Teresa] Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau, Ctr Invest Cardiovasc CSIC ICCC, Barcelona, Spain. [Badimon, Lina; Padro, Teresa] IIB St Pau, Barcelona, Spain. [Badimon, Lina; Padro, Teresa] ISC III, CIBEROBN, Barcelona, Spain. [Fuentes, Francisco; Perez-Jimenez, Francisco; Lopez-Miranda, Jose] IMIBIC Hosp Reina Sofia, Lipid Unit, Cordoba, Spain. [Fuentes, Francisco; Perez-Jimenez, Francisco; Lopez-Miranda, Jose] ISC III, CIBEROBN, Cordoba, Spain. [Muniz, Ovidio] Hosp Virgen Rocio, Dept Internal Med, Seville, Spain. [Diaz, Jose L.] Hosp Abente & Lago, Dept Internal Med, La Coruna, Spain. [Vidal, Jose I.] Hosp Lugo, Dept Endocrinol, Lugo, Spain. [Barba, A.] Hosp Gen Albacete, Dept Internal Med, Albacete, Spain. [Piedecausa, Mar] Hosp Elche, Dept Internal Med, Elche, Spain. [Sanchez, Juan F.] Hosp Caceres, Dept Internal Med, Caceres, Spain. [Irigoyen, Luis] Hosp Vitoria, Dept Endocrinol, Vitoria, Spain. [Guallar, Eliseo] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Guallar, Eliseo] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Guallar, Eliseo; Ordovas, Jose M.] Ctr Nacl Invest Cardiovasc CNIC, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Nutrit & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Mata, P (reprint author), IIS Fdn Jimenez Diaz, Dept Internal Med, Madrid, Spain. EM pmata@fjd.es RI Guallar, Eliseo/D-3807-2014; BADIMON, LINA/O-4711-2014; IBIS, HIPERCOLESTERO/P-3953-2015; Diaz Diaz, Jose luis/Q-2523-2015; OI Guallar, Eliseo/0000-0002-4471-9565; BADIMON, LINA/0000-0002-9162-2459; Muniz Grijalvo, Ovidio/0000-0003-2230-6556; Diaz Diaz, Jose luis/0000-0002-9194-495X; Perez-Jimenez, Francisco/0000-0001-7499-7681; Perez Jimenez, Francisco/0000-0001-9808-1280; FUENTES JIMENEZ, FRANCISCO/0000-0002-4584-7366 NR 24 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-511X J9 LIPIDS HEALTH DIS JI Lipids Health Dis. PD JUN 10 PY 2011 VL 10 AR 94 DI 10.1186/1476-511X-10-94 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 794DH UT WOS:000292875100001 PM 21663647 ER PT J AU Hughes, SO Power, TG Papaioannou, MA Cross, MB Nicklas, TA Hall, SK Shewchuk, RM AF Hughes, Sheryl O. Power, Thomas G. Papaioannou, Maria A. Cross, Matthew B. Nicklas, Theresa A. Hall, Sharon K. Shewchuk, Richard M. TI Emotional climate, feeding practices, and feeding styles: an observational analysis of the dinner meal in Head Start families SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LA English DT Article ID PARENTING STYLES; RESTRICTING ACCESS; SELF-REGULATION; WEIGHT STATUS; CHILDREN; OBESITY; FOOD; PRESCHOOLERS; ADOLESCENTS; CHILDHOOD AB Background: A number of studies conducted with ethnically diverse, low-income samples have found that parents with indulgent feeding styles had children with a higher weight status. Indulgent parents are those who are responsive to their child's emotional states but have problems setting appropriate boundaries with their child. Because the processes through which styles impact child weight are poorly understood, the aim of this study was to observe differences in the emotional climate created by parents (including affect, tone of voice, and gestures) and behavioral feeding practices among those reporting different feeding styles on the Caregiver's Feeding Styles Questionnaire. A secondary aim was to examine differences on child weight status across the feeding styles. Methods: Participants were 177 Head Start families from Houston, Texas (45% African-American; 55% Hispanic). Using an observational approach, the relationship between the observed emotional climate of the meal, behavioral feeding practices, and self-reported parent feeding styles were examined. Mean age of the children was 4.4 years (SD = 0.7) equally distributed across gender. Families were observed on 3 separate dinner occasions. Heights and weight were measured on the parents and children. Results: Parents with self-reported indulgent feeding styles made fewer demands on their children to eat during dinner and showed lower levels of negative affect and intrusiveness. Surprisingly, these parents also showed higher levels of emotional detachment with their children during dinner. Hispanic boys with indulgent parents had significantly higher BMI z scores compared to Hispanic boys in the other three feeding style groups. No other differences were found on child weight status. Conclusions: Results suggest that the emotional climate created by indulgent parents during dinner and their lack of demands on their children to eat may play an important role in how young children become overweight. Numerous observed emotional climate and behavioral differences were found between the other self-reported feeding styles as well. Results suggest that parents' self-reported feeding styles may be a proxy for the emotional climate of the dinner meal, which may in turn influence the child's eating behaviors and weight status. C1 [Hughes, Sheryl O.; Papaioannou, Maria A.; Cross, Matthew B.; Nicklas, Theresa A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Power, Thomas G.] Washington State Univ, Dept Human Dev, Pullman, WA 99161 USA. [Hall, Sharon K.] Univ Houston Clear Lake, Dept Psychol, Houston, TX 77058 USA. [Shewchuk, Richard M.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Hlth Serv Adm, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Hughes, SO (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM shughes@bcm.edu OI Cross, Matthew B./0000-0002-9495-0976 FU United States Department of Agriculture [2006-55215-16695]; Kraft, Inc.; USDA/ARS [58-6250-0-008] FX This research was supported by funds from the United States Department of Agriculture, Grant No. 2006-55215-16695 and, in part, with funds from Kraft, Inc. This work is a publication of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and had been funded in part with federal funds from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6250-0-008. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the U.S. government. NR 44 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 5 U2 26 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1479-5868 J9 INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY JI Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act. PD JUN 10 PY 2011 VL 8 AR 60 DI 10.1186/1479-5868-8-60 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Physiology SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Physiology GA 787SY UT WOS:000292398200001 PM 21663653 ER PT J AU Otalora-Luna, F Dickens, JC AF Otalora-Luna, Fernando Dickens, Joseph C. TI Multimodal Stimulation of Colorado Potato Beetle Reveals Modulation of Pheromone Response by Yellow Light SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LEPTINOTARSA-DECEMLINEATA SAY; AGGREGATION PHEROMONE; VISUAL ORIENTATION; COLEOPTERA; CHRYSOMELIDAE; HOST; SERVOSPHERE; INSECTS; FLIGHT; (S)-3,7-DIMETHYL-2-OXO-6-OCTENE-1,3-DIOL AB Orientation of insects to host plants and conspecifics is the result of detection and integration of chemical and physical cues present in the environment. Sensory organs have evolved to be sensitive to important signals, providing neural input for higher order multimodal processing and behavioral output. Here we report experiments to determine decisions made by Colorado potato beetle (CPB), Leptinotarsa decemlineata, in response to isolated stimuli and multimodal combinations of signals on a locomotion compensator. Our results show that in complete darkness and in the absence of other stimuli, pheromonal stimulation increases attraction behavior of CPB as measured in oriented displacement and walking speed. However, orientation to the pheromone is abolished when presented with the alternative stimulation of a low intensity yellow light in a dark environment. The ability of the pheromone to stimulate these diurnal beetles in the dark in the absence of other stimuli is an unexpected but interesting observation. The predominance of the phototactic response over that to pheromone when low intensity lights were offered as choices seems to confirm the diurnal nature of the insect. The biological significance of the response to pheromone in the dark is unclear. The phototactic response will play a key role in elucidating multimodal stimulation in the host-finding process of CPB, and perhaps other insects. Such information might be exploited in the design of applications to attract and trap CPB for survey or control purposes and other insect pests using similar orientation mechanisms. C1 [Otalora-Luna, Fernando] Ctr Estudios Interdisciplinario Fis CEIF, Inst Venezolano Invest Cient IVIC, Lab Ecol Sensorial, Parroquia Jaji, Estado MeRIda, Venezuela. [Dickens, Joseph C.] ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr,USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Otalora-Luna, F (reprint author), Ctr Estudios Interdisciplinario Fis CEIF, Inst Venezolano Invest Cient IVIC, Lab Ecol Sensorial, Parroquia Jaji, Estado MeRIda, Venezuela. EM fotalora@ivic.gob.ve OI Otalora-Luna, Fernando/0000-0002-5313-2184 FU USDA; ARS; Potato Research Program; LOCTI contribution fund FX This work was partially supported by a grant provided to JCD from the USDA, ARS, Potato Research Program, and by a grant provided to FOL from the LOCTI contribution fund. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 10 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 6 AR e20990 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0020990 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 777JU UT WOS:000291612600039 PM 21695167 ER PT J AU Malik, NSA Perez, JL AF Malik, Nasir S. A. Perez, Jose L. TI The effect of high temperature interruptions during inductive period on the extent of flowering and on metabolic responses in olives (Olea europaea L.) SO SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Article DE Arginine; High temperature; Inflorescence; Olive ID ARGININE DECARBOXYLASE; ARBEQUINA OLIVES; BIOSYNTHESIS; PUTRESCINE; LEAVES; YIELD AB The effect of the duration of high temperature interruption and the timing of its occurrence during inductive period on the extent of inhibition of inflorescence production in 'Arbequina' olive trees was investigated. Trees kept under inductive conditions in different growth chambers were subjected to high daytime temperature (26 +/- 1 degrees C) interruptions for 3, 6, and 12 days. There was no significant difference in the extent of flowering between trees given an uninterrupted induction period and the trees where inductive period was interrupted with high daytime temperatures for three days. Inflorescence production was significantly reduced by both 6 and 12 days high temperature interruptions. Number of flowers per inflorescence was significantly reduced only with 12 clays high temperature interruption. Since there was no significant difference between the extent of inhibition of inflorescence by 6 and 12 days high temperature interruption, therefore, 6 days high temperature interruption was used in subsequent experiments to study the effect of timing of interruption. A six day interruption of high temperature produced significant reduction (more than 83%) in inflorescence production irrespective of the time of interruption (i.e., 40 or 50 days after the start of induction) or number of interruptions. None of these treatments had any significant effect on the number of flowers per inflorescence. Higher levels of free arginine were found in trees that had greatest number of inflorescences produced under inductive conditions without any high temperature interruption. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Malik, Nasir S. A.; Perez, Jose L.] ARS, USDA, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Malik, NSA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2413 E Hwy 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM nasir.malik@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4238 J9 SCI HORTIC-AMSTERDAM JI Sci. Hortic. PD JUN 10 PY 2011 VL 129 IS 2 BP 207 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.scienta.2011.03.028 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 776GP UT WOS:000291522800006 ER PT J AU Cheng, NH Liu, JZ Liu, X Wu, QY Thompson, SM Lin, J Chang, J Whitham, SA Park, S Cohen, JD Hirschi, KD AF Cheng, Ning-Hui Liu, Jian-Zhong Liu, Xing Wu, Qingyu Thompson, Sean M. Lin, Julie Chang, Joyce Whitham, Steven A. Park, Sunghun Cohen, Jerry D. Hirschi, Kendal D. TI Arabidopsis Monothiol Glutaredoxin, AtGRXS17, Is Critical for Temperature-dependent Postembryonic Growth and Development via Modulating Auxin Response SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CELL-CYCLE PROGRESSION; PLANT DEVELOPMENT; OXIDATIVE STRESS; HEAT-STRESS; MERISTEM DEVELOPMENT; ROOT DEVELOPMENT; GENE-EXPRESSION; TGA FACTORS; THALIANA; TRANSPORT AB Global environmental temperature changes threaten innumerable plant species. Although various signaling networks regulate plant responses to temperature fluctuations, the mechanisms unifying these diverse processes are largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that an Arabidopsis monothiol glutaredoxin, AtGRXS17 (At4g04950), plays a critical role in redox homeostasis and hormone perception to mediate temperature-dependent postembryonic growth. AtGRXS17 expression was induced by elevated temperatures. Lines altered in AtGRXS17 expression were hypersensitive to elevated temperatures and phenocopied mutants altered in the perception of the phytohormone auxin. We show that auxin sensitivity and polar auxin transport were perturbed in these mutants, whereas auxin biosynthesis was not altered. In addition, atgrxs17 plants displayed phenotypes consistent with defects in proliferation and/or cell cycle control while accumulating higher levels of reactive oxygen species and cellular membrane damage under high temperature. Together, our findings provide a nexus between reactive oxygen species homeostasis, auxin signaling, and temperature responses. C1 [Cheng, Ning-Hui; Lin, Julie; Chang, Joyce; Hirschi, Kendal D.] Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Liu, Jian-Zhong; Whitham, Steven A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Liu, Xing; Cohen, Jerry D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Hort Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Liu, Xing; Cohen, Jerry D.] Univ Minnesota, Microbial & Plant Genom Inst, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Wu, Qingyu; Park, Sunghun] Kansas State Univ, Dept Hort Forestry & Recreat Resources, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Thompson, Sean M.; Hirschi, Kendal D.] Texas A&M Univ, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Cheng, NH (reprint author), Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM ncheng@bcm.tmc.edu RI Liu, Jianzhong/B-9205-2012; Wu, Qingyu/E-4636-2017; OI Wu, Qingyu/0000-0003-3064-2445; Thompson, Sean/0000-0002-6847-0397; Cohen, Jerry/0000-0003-2816-8676 FU United States National Science Foundation [MCB-0725149, OIS-PGRP-0606666, OIS-PGRP-0923960, PGRP-0820642]; United States Department of Agriculture, National Research Initiative [2005-35318-16197]; United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service [6250-51000-055]; National Science Foundation [NSF 90344350]; Designing Foods for Health Grant [CSREES 2005-34404-16401] FX This work was supported by United States National Science Foundation Grants MCB-0725149, OIS-PGRP-0606666, OIS-PGRP-0923960, and PGRP-0820642 and the United States Department of Agriculture, National Research Initiative 2005-35318-16197 (to J. D. C. and S. A. W.) and United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service under Cooperation Agreement 6250-51000-055 (to N.-H. C.). This work was also supported by National Science Foundation Grant NSF 90344350) and Designing Foods for Health Grant CSREES 2005-34404-16401) (to K. D. H.). NR 68 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 10 PY 2011 VL 286 IS 23 BP 20398 EP 20406 DI 10.1074/jbc.M110.201707 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 772WC UT WOS:000291267600027 PM 21515673 ER PT J AU Kapich, AN Korneichik, TV Hammel, KE Hatakka, A AF Kapich, Alexander N. Korneichik, Tatyana V. Hammel, Kenneth E. Hatakka, Annele TI Comparative evaluation of manganese peroxidase- and Mn(III)-initiated peroxidation of C18 unsaturated fatty acids by different methods SO ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Manganese peroxidase; Unsaturated fatty acids; Lipid peroxidation; Lignin degradation; Wood-decaying fungi ID MEDIATED LIPID-PEROXIDATION; WHITE-ROT FUNGI; PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; NONPHENOLIC LIGNIN; LINOLEIC-ACID; OXIDATION; DEGRADATION; MECHANISM; PRODUCTS; BIODEGRADATION AB The peroxidation of C18 unsaturated fatty acids by fungal manganese peroxidase (MnP)/Mn(II) and by chelated Mn(III) was studied with application of three different methods: by monitoring oxygen consumption, by measuring conjugated dienes and by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) format ion. All tested polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were oxidized by MnP in the presence of Mn(II) ions but the rate of their oxidation was not directly related to degree of their unsaturation. As it has been shown by monitoring oxygen consumption and conjugated dienes formation the linoleic acid was the most easily oxidizable fatty acid for MnP/Mn(II) and chelated Mn(III). However, when the lipid peroxidation (LPO) activity was monitored by TBARS formation the linolenic acid gave the highest results. High accumulation of TBARS was also recorded during peroxidation of linoleic acid initiated by MnP/Mn(II). Action of Mn(III)-tartrate on the PUFAs mimics action of MnP in the presence of Mn(II) indicating that Mn(III) ions are involved in LPO initiation. Although in our experiments Mn(III) tartrate gave faster than MnP/Mn(II) initial oxidation of the unsaturated fatty acids with consumption of O-2 and formation of conjugated dienes the process was not productive and did not support further development of LPO. The higher effectiveness of MnP/Mn(II)-initiated LPO system depends on the turnover of manganese provided by MnP. It is proposed that the oxygen consumption assay is the best express method for evaluation of MnP- and Mn(III)-initiated peroxidation of C18 unsaturated fatty acids. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Kapich, Alexander N.; Hammel, Kenneth E.] Inst Microbial & Biochem Sci, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Kapich, Alexander N.; Hatakka, Annele] Univ Helsinki, Dept Food & Environm Sci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Kapich, Alexander N.; Korneichik, Tatyana V.] Int Sakharov Environm Univ, Minsk 220009, Byelarus. RP Kapich, AN (reprint author), Int Sakharov Environm Univ, 23 Dolgobrodskaya Str, Minsk 220009, Byelarus. EM ankapich@mail.ru RI Hammel, Kenneth/G-1890-2011; OI Hammel, Kenneth/0000-0002-2935-5847; Hatakka, Annele/0000-0001-7056-3931 FU Ministry of Education of the Republic of Belarus [(09/06) 20065179]; U. S. Dept. of Energy [DE-AI02-07ER64480] FX This work was supported by Ministry of Education of the Republic of Belarus grant (09/06) 20065179 to A.N.K. and U. S. Dept. of Energy grant DE-AI02-07ER64480 to K.E.H. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0141-0229 EI 1879-0909 J9 ENZYME MICROB TECH JI Enzyme Microb. Technol. PD JUN 10 PY 2011 VL 49 IS 1 BP 25 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2011.04.009 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 785LW UT WOS:000292231500005 PM 22112267 ER PT J AU Schares, G Maksimov, A Basso, W More, G Dubey, JP Rosenthal, B Majzoub, M Rostaher, A Selmair, J Langenmayer, MC Scharr, JC Conraths, FJ Gollnick, NS AF Schares, G. Maksimov, A. Basso, W. More, G. Dubey, J. P. Rosenthal, B. Majzoub, M. Rostaher, A. Selmair, J. Langenmayer, M. C. Scharr, J. C. Conraths, F. J. Gollnick, N. S. TI Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction assays for the sensitive detection of Besnoitia besnoiti infection in cattle SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Besnoitiosis; Besnoitia besnoiti; Besnoitia bennetti; Besnoitia tarandi; Real time PCR; Diagnosis ID OPOSSUMS DIDELPHIS-VIRGINIANA; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; NEOSPORA-CANINUM; BOVINE BESNOITIOSIS; HAMMONDIA-HAMMONDI; GERMANY; APICOMPLEXA; PROTOZOA; PCR; REDESCRIPTION AB Bovine besnoitiosis, an economically important disease in cattle in some countries of Africa and Asia, is emerging in Europe. The definitive host of Besnoitia besnoiti, the causative agent of bovine besnoitiosis, is unknown and the transmission of the parasite is not completely understood. Sensitive and quantitative DNA detection methods are needed to determine whether serologically positive animals are infectious and to examine the role of vectors (e.g. haematophagous insects) in the transmission of the parasite. To this end, we established two different 5'-nuclease quantitative assays to detect B. besnoiti infection in cattle and to estimate the parasite load in samples (BbRT1 and BbRT2). These PCRs are based on the sequence of the internal transcribed spacer region 1 (ITS-1) of the ribosomal RNA gene. Tests with serial dilutions of B. besnoiti genomic DNA in a buffer containing 100 ng/mu l bovine DNA revealed a detection limit of 0.01 pg genomic B. besnoiti DNA. Reliable quantification was possible in samples containing >= 1 pg B. besnoiti genomic DNA with a coefficient of variation of <= 2%. To estimate the diagnostic sensitivity of the tests, skin biopsies and scrapings from the mucous membrane of the vestibulum vaginae (vaginal scrapings) were taken from cattle with clinical signs of chronic besnoitiosis. Regardless of the real time PCR assay used, 90.7% (39/43) of these animals were positive in at least one of two samples (skin or vaginal scrapings). Antibody titers, as determined by an immunofluorescent antibody test, and the threshold cycle values of the real time PCR obtained for skin samples and vaginal scrapings, were significantly correlated. The specificity of the PCRs was confirmed using genomic DNA from related parasites, including genomic DNA of Besnoitia spp., Neospora caninum, Toxoplasma gondii, Hammondia hammondi, Hammondia heydorni, lsospora spp.. Sarcocystis spp., Eimeria bovis, Cryptosporidium parvum, and Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Since the sequence of the ITS-1 region of B. besnoiti is identical with that of Besnoitia species isolated from donkeys (Besnoitia bennetti), and reindeer (Besnoitia tarandi), both real time PCRs detected also DNA of these parasites. One of the B. besnoiti real time PCRs, BbRT1, but not BbRT2, cross-reacted with Besnoitia darlingi, Besnoitia oryctofelisi, and Besnoitia neotomofelis when large amounts of genomic DNA (10 ng) were used. The other B. besnoiti real time PCR assay (BbRT2) was specific for B. besnoiti, B. bennetti and B. tarandi, but did not react when 10 ng DNA of other related parasite species from the genus Besnoitia or other genera were subjected to analysis. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Schares, G.; Maksimov, A.; Basso, W.; Conraths, F. J.] Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Inst Epidemiol, Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth, D-16868 Wusterhausen, Germany. [Basso, W.; More, G.] Univ Nacl La Plata, Lab Immunoparasitol, Fac Ciencias Vet, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Basso, W.; More, G.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Basso, W.] Univ Zurich, Inst Parasitol, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Dubey, J. P.; Rosenthal, B.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Majzoub, M.; Langenmayer, M. C.] Univ Munich, Inst Vet Pathol, Munich, Germany. [Rostaher, A.] Univ Munich, Ctr Clin Vet Med, Munich, Germany. [Langenmayer, M. C.; Scharr, J. C.; Gollnick, N. S.] Univ Munich, Clin Ruminants Ambulatory & Herd Hlth Serv, Munich, Germany. RP Schares, G (reprint author), Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Inst Epidemiol, Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth, Seestr 55, D-16868 Wusterhausen, Germany. EM gereon.schares@fli.bund.de OI More, Gaston/0000-0002-0475-717X; Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773; Schares, Gereon/0000-0002-3217-289X; Conraths, Franz/0000-0002-7400-9409 NR 31 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD JUN 10 PY 2011 VL 178 IS 3-4 BP 208 EP 216 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.01.038 PG 9 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 781AB UT WOS:000291901900002 PM 21324596 ER PT J AU Miller, JE Burke, JM Terrill, TH Kearney, MT AF Miller, J. E. Burke, J. M. Terrill, T. H. Kearney, M. T. TI A comparison of two integrated approaches of controlling nematode parasites in small ruminants SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anthelmintics; Copper oxide wire particles; FAMACHA (c); Haemonchus contortus; Integrated control; Sheep ID OXIDE WIRE PARTICLES; HAEMONCHUS-CONTORTUS INFECTION; EYE COLOR CHART; ANTHELMINTIC RESISTANCE; GASTROINTESTINAL NEMATODES; CLINICAL ANEMIA; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; UNITED-STATES; GOAT FARMS; SHEEP AB Control of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) in small ruminants in regions of the world where anthelmintic resistance is prevalent must rely on more than just chemical deworming strategies. The objective of this experiment was to compare two integrated treatment protocols for control of GIN (primarily Haemonchus contortus in this region) using anthelmintics, copper oxide wire particles (COWP) and FAMACHA (c), compared to traditional anthelmintic use only. Three separate trials were conducted on mature ewes, weaned goats, and weaned lambs in which three deworming management strategies were applied: 1) all animals were dewormed with levamisole at four week intervals (LEV), 2) individual animals were dewormed with moxidectin when scored >= 4 (ewes) or >= 3 (kids and lambs) using FAMACHA (c) (FAM/MOX), 3) all animals were dewormed with moxidectin initially and again with COWP (2 g) when group mean FEC exceeded 500 (ewes), 3000 (kids), or 1000 (lambs) eggs/g (MOX/COWP). In this final group, during periods between group treatments, individual animals were dewormed with albendazole and levamisole according to FAMACHA (c) score. Fecal egg counts (FEC) and blood packed cell volume (PCV) were determined every 7 days and body weight every 28 days for 30, 20, or 16 weeks in ewes, goats, and lambs, respectively. Efficacy of levamisole was 83.4-86.4%, efficacy of moxidectin was 93.5-100%, and efficacy of COWP was 10.8-98.1% among the three trials. The mean number of deworming treatments per animal that occurred for the LEV, FAM/MOX, and MOX/COWP groups, respectively, was 7.9, 0.6, and 2.5 +/- 0.4 (P < 0.001) for ewes, 5.2, 1.6, and 3.4 +/- 0.3 (P < 0.001) for goats, and 4.0, 1.7, and 3.6 +/- 0.2 (P < 0.001) for lambs. Production (body weight of lambs weaned from ewes or final body weight of kids and lambs) was similar among management strategy groups for ewes and kids, but FAM/MOX lambs were lighter by the end of the trial (P < 0.003). While more time and labor was required to use the FAMACHA (c) system, a more conservative use of anthelmintics occurred in the FAM/MOX group. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Miller, J. E.; Kearney, M. T.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Sch Vet Med, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Miller, J. E.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Miller, J. E.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Vet Sci, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Burke, J. M.] ARS, USDA, Booneville, AR 72927 USA. [Terrill, T. H.] Ft Valley State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ft Valley, GA 31030 USA. RP Miller, JE (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Sch Vet Med, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM jmille1@lsu.edu FU National Sheep Industry Improvement Center FX This study was supported by a grant from the National Sheep Industry Improvement Center. The authors wish to thank G. Robson and J. Cherry of the Dale Bumpers Small Farms Research Center and former student worker D. Boersma for their assistance with the lambs. NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD JUN 10 PY 2011 VL 178 IS 3-4 BP 300 EP 310 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.01.003 PG 11 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA 781AB UT WOS:000291901900014 PM 21333450 ER PT J AU Pauli, JN Whiteman, JP Marcot, BG McClean, TM Ben-David, M AF Pauli, Jonathan N. Whiteman, John P. Marcot, Bruce G. McClean, Terry M. Ben-David, Merav TI DNA-based approach to aging martens (Martes americana and M. caurina) SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE cementum annuli; mesocarnivore; Q-PCR; senescence; telomeres ID LONG-LIVED BIRDS; TELOMERE LENGTH; AGE; DYNAMICS; SEQUENCE; GUIDELINES; INFECTION; SURVIVAL; MAMMALS; STRESS AB Demographic structure is central to understanding the dynamics of animal populations. However, determining the age of free-ranging mammals is difficult, and currently impossible when sampling with noninvasive, genetic-based approaches. We present a method to estimate age class by combining measures of telomere lengths with other biologically meaningful covariates in a Bayesian network. We applied this approach to American and Pacific martens (Martes americana and M. caurina) and compared predicted age with that obtained from counts of cementum annuli. Using telomere length and the covariates sex, species, and estimates of population density obtained from commercial trapping records, we assigned martens to juvenile (<1 year) or adult (>= 1 year) classes with 75-88% accuracy. In our analysis for live-captured martens, for which information on body size and whether animals were juveniles or adults would be available, we achieved 90-93% accuracy when assigning individuals to 5 discrete age classes (0-4+ years). This general approach could be extended to other species for noninvasive estimation of age class, or in place of invasive aging methods, and enable demographically based population analyses that have heretofore been impossible. C1 [Pauli, Jonathan N.; Whiteman, John P.; Ben-David, Merav] Univ Wyoming, Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Pauli, Jonathan N.; Whiteman, John P.; Ben-David, Merav] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Marcot, Bruce G.] US Forest Serv, Ecol Proc & Funct Program, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Portland, OR 97205 USA. [McClean, Terry M.] Nucle Acid Explorat Facil, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Pauli, JN (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jnpauli@wisc.edu FU University of Wyoming; Wyoming Game and Fish Department; Pacific Northwest Research Station (United States Forest Service) FX `We thank R. Cawthon, A. Buerkle, S. Miller, and S. Buskirk for valuable discussions and J. Thomas for laboratory assistance. B. Porter (Alaska Department of Fish and Game), T. Cooley (Michigan Department of Natural Resources [DNR]), J. Erb (Minnesota DNR), and K. Russell (University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point) graciously provided tissue samples. Funding was provided by the Program in Ecology at the University of Wyoming, the Wyoming Game and Fish Department, and the Pacific Northwest Research Station (United States Forest Service). M. Z. Peery and D. McDonald provided valuable comments that improved the manuscript. NR 52 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 26 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-2372 EI 1545-1542 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD JUN 9 PY 2011 VL 92 IS 3 BP 500 EP 510 DI 10.1644/10-MAMM-A-252.1 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 779DY UT WOS:000291759500002 ER PT J AU Ibekwe, AM Murinda, SE Graves, AK AF Ibekwe, A. Mark Murinda, Shelton E. Graves, Alexandria K. TI Genetic Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli from Human and Animal Sources Uncovers Multiple Resistances from Human Sources SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; SOURCE TRACKING; LAKE-SUPERIOR; WATER-QUALITY; BACTERIA; VIRULENCE; INTEGRONS; PROFILES; ONTARIO; GROWTH AB Escherichia coli are widely used as indicators of fecal contamination, and in some cases to identify host sources of fecal contamination in surface water. Prevalence, genetic diversity and antimicrobial susceptibility were determined for 600 generic E. coli isolates obtained from surface water and sediment from creeks and channels along the middle Santa Ana River (MSAR) watershed of southern California, USA, after a 12 month study. Evaluation of E. coli populations along the creeks and channels showed that E. coli were more prevalent in sediment compared to surface water. E. coli populations were not significantly different (P = 0.05) between urban runoff sources and agricultural sources, however, E. coli genotypes determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) were less diverse in the agricultural sources than in urban runoff sources. PFGE also showed that E. coli populations in surface water were more diverse than in the sediment, suggesting isolates in sediment may be dominated by clonal populations. Twenty four percent (144 isolates) of the 600 isolates exhibited resistance to more than one antimicrobial agent. Most multiple resistances were associated with inputs from urban runoff and involved the antimicrobials rifampicin, tetracycline, and erythromycin. The occurrence of a greater number of E. coli with multiple antibiotic resistances from urban runoff sources than agricultural sources in this watershed provides useful evidence in planning strategies for water quality management and public health protection. C1 [Ibekwe, A. Mark] ARS, US Salin Lab, USDA, Riverside, CA USA. [Murinda, Shelton E.] Calif State Polytech Univ Pomona, Dept Anim & Vet Sci, Pomona, CA 91768 USA. [Graves, Alexandria K.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Ibekwe, AM (reprint author), ARS, US Salin Lab, USDA, Riverside, CA USA. EM Mark.Ibekwe@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture research Service (USDA-ARS) FX This research was funded by the 206 Manure and Byproduct Utilization Project of the United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture research Service (USDA-ARS). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 50 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 24 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 8 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 6 AR e20819 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0020819 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 777JJ UT WOS:000291611500048 PM 21687635 ER PT J AU Lung'aho, MG Mwaniki, AM Szalma, SJ Hart, JJ Rutzke, MA Kochian, LV Glahn, RP Hoekenga, OA AF Lung'aho, Mercy G. Mwaniki, Angela M. Szalma, Stephen J. Hart, Jonathan J. Rutzke, Michael A. Kochian, Leon V. Glahn, Raymond P. Hoekenga, Owen A. TI Genetic and Physiological Analysis of Iron Biofortification in Maize Kernels SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FIGHTING MICRONUTRIENT MALNUTRITION; CACO-2 CELLS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; INOSITOL PHOSPHATES; BIOAVAILABLE IRON; NATURAL VARIATION; PHYTIC ACID; FOOD; ZINC; NUTRITION AB Background: Maize is a major cereal crop widely consumed in developing countries, which have a high prevalence of iron (Fe) deficiency anemia. The major cause of Fe deficiency in these countries is inadequate intake of bioavailable Fe, where poverty is a major factor. Therefore, biofortification of maize by increasing Fe concentration and or bioavailability has great potential to alleviate this deficiency. Maize is also a model system for genomic research and thus allows the opportunity for gene discovery. Here we describe an integrated genetic and physiological analysis of Fe nutrition in maize kernels, to identify loci that influence grain Fe concentration and bioavailability. Methodology: Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was used to dissect grain Fe concentration (FeGC) and Fe bioavailability (FeGB) from the Intermated B73xMo17 (IBM) recombinant inbred (RI) population. FeGC was determined by ion coupled argon plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP). FeGB was determined by an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell line bioassay. Conclusions: Three modest QTL for FeGC were detected, in spite of high heritability. This suggests that FeGC is controlled by many small QTL, which may make it a challenging trait to improve by marker assisted breeding. Ten QTL for FeGB were identified and explained 54% of the variance observed in samples from a single year/location. Three of the largest FeGB QTL were isolated in sister derived lines and their effect was observed in three subsequent seasons in New York. Single season evaluations were also made at six other sites around North America, suggesting the enhancement of FeGB was not specific to our farm site. FeGB was not correlated with FeGC or phytic acid, suggesting that novel regulators of Fe nutrition are responsible for the differences observed. Our results indicate that iron biofortification of maize grain is achievable using specialized phenotyping tools and conventional plant breeding techniques. C1 [Lung'aho, Mercy G.; Mwaniki, Angela M.; Hart, Jonathan J.; Rutzke, Michael A.; Kochian, Leon V.; Glahn, Raymond P.; Hoekenga, Owen A.] Cornell Univ, USDA, ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY USA. [Lung'aho, Mercy G.; Mwaniki, Angela M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Szalma, Stephen J.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Lung'aho, MG (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Zurich, Switzerland. EM Owen.Hoekenga@ars.usda.gov OI Kochian, Leon/0000-0003-3416-089X FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service; NSF [0419435] FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. The derivation of NIL varieties was supported by NSF DBI #0419435. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 49 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 27 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 8 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 6 AR e20429 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0020429 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 777JJ UT WOS:000291611500024 PM 21687662 ER PT J AU Duke, SO AF Duke, Stephen O. TI Comparing Conventional and Biotechnology-Based Pest Management SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE biotechnology; Bt; glyphosate; herbicides; insecticides; pest management; transgenic crop ID ZEA-MAYS L.; GLYPHOSATE-RESISTANT CROPS; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; INSECT RESISTANCE; BT COTTON; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; CRYSTAL PROTEIN; MULTIPLE CROPS; CORN; MAIZE AB Pest management has changed dramatically during the past 15 years by the introduction of transgenes into crops for the purpose of pest management. Transgenes for herbicide resistance or for production of one or more Bt toxins are the predominant pest management traits currently available. These two traits have been rapidly adopted where available because of their superior efficacy and simplification of pest management for the farmer. Furthermore, they have substantially reduced the use of environmentally and toxicologically suspect pesticides while reducing the carbon footprint of pest management as reduced tillage became more common, along with fewer trips across the field to spray pesticides. The most successful of these products have been glyphosate-resistant crops, which cover approximately 85% of all land occupied by transgenic crops. Over-reliance on glyphosate with continual use of these crops has resulted in the evolution of highly problematic glyphosate-resistant weeds. This situation has resulted in some farmers using weed management methods similar to those used with conventional crops. Evolution of resistance has not been a significant problem with Bt crops, perhaps because of a mandated resistance management strategy. Transgenic crops with multiple genes for resistance to different herbicides and resistance to additional insects will be available in the next few years. These products will offer opportunities for the kind of pest management diversity that is more sustainable than that provided by the first generation of transgenic crops. C1 ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Duke, SO (reprint author), ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. EM stephen.duke@ars.usda.gov NR 64 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 8 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 11 BP 5793 EP 5798 DI 10.1021/jf200961r PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 770GJ UT WOS:000291074700001 PM 21528864 ER PT J AU Cerdeira, AL Gazziero, DLP Duke, SO Matallo, MB AF Cerdeira, Antonio L. Gazziero, Dionsio L. P. Duke, Stephen O. Matallo, Marcus B. TI Agricultural Impacts of Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean Cultivation in South America SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE glyphosate; weed resistance; South America; soybean; transgenic crops ID HORSEWEED CONYZA-CANADENSIS; GENETICALLY-MODIFIED CROPS; SUDDEN-DEATH-SYNDROME; HERBICIDE GLYPHOSATE; BONARIENSIS BIOTYPES; CROPPING SYSTEMS; WEED MANAGEMENT; LATIN-AMERICA; GLYCINE-MAX; NO-TILL AB In the 2009/2010 growing season, Brazil was the second largest world soybean producer, followed by Argentina. Glyphosate-resistant soybeans (GRS) are being cultivated in most of the soybean area in South America. Overall, the GRS system is beneficial to the environment when compared to conventional soybean. GRS resulted in a significant shift toward no-tillage practices in Brazil and Argentina, but weed resistance may reduce this trend. Probably the highest agricultural risk in adopting GRS in Brazil and South America is related to weed resistance due to use of glyphosate. Weed species in GRS fields have shifted in Brazil to those that can more successfully withstand glyphosate or to those that avoid the time of its application. Five weed species, in order of importance, Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist, Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist, Lolium multiflorum Lam., Digitaria insularis (L.) Mez ex Ekman, and Euphorbia heterophylla L., have evolved resistance to glyphosate in GRS in Brazil. Conyza spp. are the most difficult to control. A glyphosate-resistant biotype of Sorghum halepense L. has evolved in GRS in Argentina and one of D. insularis in Paraguay. The following actions are proposed to minimize weed resistance problem: (a) rotation of GRS with conventional soybeans in order to rotate herbicide modes of action; (b) avoidance of lower than recommended glyphosate rates; (c) keeping soil covered with a crop or legume at intercrop intervals; (d) keeping machinery free of weed seeds; and (d) use of a preplant nonselective herbicide plus residuals to eliminate early weed interference with the crop and to minimize escapes from later applications of glyphosate due to natural resistance of older weeds and/or incomplete glyphosate coverage. C1 [Cerdeira, Antonio L.] ARS, Brazilian Dept Agr, EMBRAPA Environm, BR-13820000 Jaguariuna, SP, Brazil. [Gazziero, Dionsio L. P.] ARS, Brazilian Dept Agr, EMBRAPA Soybean, Londrina, Parana, Brazil. [Duke, Stephen O.] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. [Matallo, Marcus B.] Inst Biol, Weed Sci Lab, Campinas, SP, Brazil. RP Cerdeira, AL (reprint author), ARS, Brazilian Dept Agr, EMBRAPA Environm, CP 69, BR-13820000 Jaguariuna, SP, Brazil. EM cerdeira@cnpma.embrapa.br NR 122 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 48 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 8 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 11 BP 5799 EP 5807 DI 10.1021/jf102652y PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 770GJ UT WOS:000291074700002 PM 20839871 ER PT J AU Duke, SO AF Duke, Stephen O. TI Glyphosate Degradation in Glyphosate-Resistant and -Susceptible Crops and Weeds SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE AMPA; glyphosate; herbicide resistance; GMO; soybean; canola ID HORIZONTAL GENE-TRANSFER; SOYBEAN GLYCINE-MAX; AMINOMETHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID; AGROPYRON-REPENS; HERBICIDE GLYPHOSATE; C-14 GLYPHOSATE; BRASSICA-NAPUS; METABOLISM; TRANSLOCATION; ACCUMULATION AB High levels of aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA), the main glyphosate metabolite, have been found in glyphosate-treated, glyphosate-resistant (GR) soybean, apparently due to plant glyphosate oxidoreductase (GOX)-like activity. AMPA is mildly phytotoxic, and under some conditions the AMPA accumulating in GR soybean correlates with glyphosate-caused phytotoxicity. A bacterial GOX is used in GR canola, and an altered bacterial glyphosate N-acetyltransferase is planned for a new generation of GR crops. In some weed species, glyphosate degradation could contribute to natural resistance. Neither an isolated plant GOX enzyme nor a gene for it has yet been reported in plants. Gene mutation or amplification of plant genes for GOX-like enzyme activity or horizontal transfer of microbial genes from glyphosate-degrading enzymes could produce GR weeds. Yet, there is no evidence that metabolic degradation plays a significant role in evolved resistance to glyphosate. This is unexpected, considering the extreme selection pressure for evolution of glyphosate resistance in weeds and the difficulty in plants of evolving glyphosate resistance via other mechanisms. C1 ARS, NPURU, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Duke, SO (reprint author), ARS, NPURU, USDA, POB 8048, University, MS 38677 USA. NR 67 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 15 U2 83 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 8 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 11 BP 5835 EP 5841 DI 10.1021/jf102704x PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 770GJ UT WOS:000291074700007 PM 20919737 ER PT J AU Naranjo, SE AF Naranjo, Steven E. TI Impacts of Bt Transgenic Cotton on Integrated Pest Management SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus thuringiensis; transgenic crop; regional pest suppression; nontarget effects; insecticide use patterns; pest damage; biological control; integrated pest management ID GENETICALLY-MODIFIED CROPS; ARTHROPOD NATURAL ENEMIES; LONG-TERM ASSESSMENT; BEMISIA-TABACI; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; HELICOVERPA-ARMIGERA; INSECT RESISTANCE; MULTIPLE CROPS; METAANALYSIS; FIELDS AB Transgenic cotton that produced one or more insecticidal proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) was planted on over 15 million hectares in 11 countries in 2009 and has contributed to a reduction of over 140 million kilograms of insecticide active ingredient between 1996 and 2008. As a highly selective form of host plant resistance, Bt cotton effectively controls a number of key lepidopteran pests and has become a cornerstone in overall integrated pest management (IPM). Bt cotton has led to large reductions in the abundance of targeted pests and benefited non-Bt cotton adopters and even producers of other crops affected by polyphagous target pests. Reductions in insecticide use have enhanced biological control, which has contributed to significant suppression of other key and sporadic pests in cotton. Although reductions in insecticide use in some regions have elevated the importance of several pest groups, most of these emerging problems can be effectively solved through an IPM approach. C1 ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Naranjo, SE (reprint author), ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM steve.naranjo@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS FX The development of the manuscript, the symposium presentation upon which it is based, and the author's research program in this topic area were supported by public funds appropriated to the USDA-ARS CRIS Project "Ecologically-Based Pest Management Strategies for Western Cotton." This paper presents the results of research only. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for its use by USDA. NR 96 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 3 U2 41 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 8 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 11 BP 5842 EP 5851 DI 10.1021/jf102939c PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 770GJ UT WOS:000291074700008 PM 20942488 ER PT J AU Gaines, TA Shaner, DL Ward, SM Leach, JE Preston, C Westra, P AF Gaines, Todd A. Shaner, Dale L. Ward, Sarah M. Leach, Jan E. Preston, Christopher Westra, Philip TI Mechanism of Resistance of Evolved Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE gene amplification; herbicide resistance; transgenic crops; 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS); Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats.) ID HERBICIDES; GEORGIA; RUDIS; LEVEL AB Evolved glyphosate resistance in weedy species represents a challenge for the continued success and utility of glyphosate-resistant crops. Glyphosate functions by inhibiting the plant enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS). The resistance mechanism was determined in a population of glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth from Georgia (U.S.). Within this population, glyphosate resistance correlates with increases in (a) genomic copy number of EPSPS, (b) expression of the EPSPS transcript, (c) EPSPS protein level, and (d) EPSPS enzymatic activity. Dose response results from the resistant and an F(2) population suggest that between 30 and 50 EPSPS genomic copies are necessary to survive glyphosate rates between 0.5 and 1.0 kg ha(-1). These results further confirm the role of EPSPS gene amplification in conferring glyphosate resistance in this population of Palmer amaranth. Questions remain related to how the EPSPS amplification initially occurred and the occurrence of this mechanism in other Palmer amaranth populations and other glyphosate-resistant species. C1 [Gaines, Todd A.; Ward, Sarah M.; Leach, Jan E.; Westra, Philip] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagri Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Shaner, Dale L.] ARS, USDA, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Preston, Christopher] Univ Adelaide, Sch Agr Food & Wine, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. RP Gaines, TA (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, Australian Herbicide Resistance Initiat, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. EM todd.gaines@uwa.edu.au RI Gaines, Todd/A-8998-2008; OI Gaines, Todd/0000-0003-1485-7665; Shaner, Dale/0000-0003-4293-6133; Preston, Christopher/0000-0002-7588-124X FU Monsanto Co. FX We acknowledge Monsanto Co. for financial support of this research. NR 19 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 3 U2 50 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 8 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 11 BP 5886 EP 5889 DI 10.1021/jf104719k PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 770GJ UT WOS:000291074700013 PM 21329355 ER PT J AU Tan, CX Schrader, KK Mizuno, CS Rimando, AM AF Tan, Cheng-Xia Schrader, Kevin K. Mizuno, Cassia S. Rimando, Agnes M. TI Activity of Lycorine Analogues against the Fish Bacterial Pathogen Flavobacterium columnare SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE antibacterial activity; channel catfish; columnaris disease; Flavobacterium columnare; lycorine ID EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI; CHANNEL CATFISH; ASCORBIC-ACID; DERIVATIVES; APOPTOSIS; PRODUCTS; CELLS AB In a continuing effort to discover natural products and natural product-based compounds for the control of columnaris disease in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), 17 lycorine analogues were synthesized, including new benzoyl analogues 6-16, and evaluated for antibacterial activity against two isolates (ALM-00-173 and BioMed) of Flavobacterium columnare using a rapid bioassay. Two of the lycorine analogues had greater antibacterial activity than 1-O-acetyllycorine, an analogue of lycorine evaluated previously that is highly active against both isolates. Carbamate analogue 18 (1S,2S,3a(1)S,12bS)-2, 3a(1),4,5,7,12b-hexahydro-1H-[1,3]dioxolo [4,5-j]pyrrolo[3,2,1-de]phenanthridin-1,2-diylbis(o-tolylcarbamate) had the strongest antibacterial activity toward both F. columnare isolates ALM-00-173 and BioMed, with 24-h IC50 values of 3.0 +/- 1.3 and 3.9 +/- 2.2 mg/L, respectively, and a MIC of 5.5 +/- 0 mg/L for both isolates. Compound 18 appears to be the most promising lycorine analogue for future efficacy studies to determine its potential for use as an alternative to the currently used compounds to control columnaris disease in channel catfish. C1 [Tan, Cheng-Xia; Schrader, Kevin K.; Mizuno, Cassia S.; Rimando, Agnes M.] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. [Tan, Cheng-Xia] Zhejiang Univ Technol, Coll Chem Engn & Mat Sci, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Rimando, AM (reprint author), ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, POB 8048, University, MS 38677 USA. EM agnes.rimando@ars.usda.gov FU Chinese Scholarship Council FX We are grateful for the financial support to C.-X.T. from the Chinese Scholarship Council. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 8 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 11 BP 5977 EP 5985 DI 10.1021/jf200452z PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 770GJ UT WOS:000291074700024 PM 21517109 ER PT J AU Li, XM Luo, PJ Tang, SS Beier, RC Wu, XP Yang, LL Li, YW Xiao, XL AF Li, Xiangmei Luo, Pengjie Tang, Shusheng Beier, Ross C. Wu, Xiaoping Yang, Lili Li, Yanwei Xiao, Xilong TI Development of an Immunochromatographic Strip Test for Rapid Detection of Melamine in Raw Milk, Milk Products and Animal Feed SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE melamine; colloidal gold; strip test; raw milk; milk products; animal feed ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; CYANURIC ACID; INFANT FORMULA; FOOD; IMMUNOASSAY; CYROMAZINE; RESIDUES; NITROGEN; POWDER AB A simple, rapid and sensitive immunogold chromatographic strip test based on a monoclonal antibody was developed for the detection of melamine (MEL) residues in raw milk, milk products and animal feed. The limit of detection was estimated to be 0.05 mu g/mL in raw milk, since the detection test line on the strip test completely disappeared at this concentration. The limit of detection was 2 mu g/mL (or 2 mu g/g) for milk drinks, yogurt, condensed milk, cheese, and animal feed and 1 mu g/g for milk powder. Sample pretreatment was simple and rapid, and the results can be obtained within 3-10 min. A parallel analysis of MEL in 52 blind raw milk samples conducted by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed comparable results to those obtained from the strip test. The results demonstrate that the developed method is suitable for the onsite determination of MEL residues in a large number of samples. C1 [Li, Xiangmei; Tang, Shusheng; Yang, Lili; Li, Yanwei; Xiao, Xilong] China Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pharmacol & Toxicol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Luo, Pengjie] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Nutr & Food Safety, Key Lab Chem Safety & Hlth, Beijing 100021, Peoples R China. [Beier, Ross C.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Wu, Xiaoping] Beijing WDWK Biotechnol Co Ltd, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China. RP Xiao, XL (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pharmacol & Toxicol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM xiaoxl@cau.edu.cn FU Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China [200903055]; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [20100470402] FX This work is supported by an Exclusive Research Fund for Public Welfare from the Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China (No. 200903055) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project (No. 20100470402). NR 33 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 4 U2 39 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 8 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 11 BP 6064 EP 6070 DI 10.1021/jf2008327 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 770GJ UT WOS:000291074700035 PM 21548621 ER PT J AU Beck, JJ Mahoney, NE Cook, D Gee, WS AF Beck, John J. Mahoney, Noreen E. Cook, Daniel Gee, Wai S. TI Volatile Analysis of Ground Almonds Contaminated with Naturally Occurring Fungi SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE almond; aflatoxigenic aspergilli; fatty acid decomposition; fungal contamination; volatile ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; NAVEL ORANGEWORM; ODOR FORMATION; MYCO-TOXIN; LACTONES; IDENTIFICATION; METABOLITES; OXIDATION; STRAINS; MEDIA AB Aflatoxigenic aspergilli inflict major economic damage to the tree nut industry of California, with the highest negative impact to almonds. Aspergilli and fungi in general are known to emit volatiles in varying quantity and composition dependent upon their growth media. The goal of the study was to determine the volatile emission of whole and blanched almonds that had been picked out and labeled as inedible by processors. The aflatoxin content and number of colony forming units of each sample were also determined. A total of 23 compounds were consistently detected and identified. Several volatiles from the blanched almonds demonstrated significant increases when compared to the emissions of whole almonds. Several of these volatiles are considered fatty acid decomposition products and included hexanal, heptanal, octanal, nonanal, 3-octen-2-one, tetramethylpyrazine, and decanal. The almond samples investigated were characteristic of a typical postharvest environment and illustrative of potential contamination within a stockpile or transport container. Volatiles indicative of fatty acid decomposition were predominant in the samples that underwent some form of blanching. The emission amounts of hexanal, heptanal, octanal, and hexanoic acid increased 3-fold in samples contaminated with aflatoxin; however, due to variability between samples they could not be considered as indicator volatiles for aflatoxin content. The emission profile of volatiles from almond kernels contaminated with naturally occurring aspergilli and associated fungi is heretofore unreported. C1 [Beck, John J.; Mahoney, Noreen E.; Gee, Wai S.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Cook, Daniel] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84341 USA. RP Beck, JJ (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM john.beck@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [5325-42000-035-00, 5325-42000-036-00]; [993-5325-377] FX This research was conducted under USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5325-42000-035-00, 5325-42000-036-00 and Trust 993-5325-377. NR 34 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 8 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 11 BP 6180 EP 6187 DI 10.1021/jf200739a PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 770GJ UT WOS:000291074700048 PM 21528918 ER PT J AU Yan, L Johnson, LK AF Yan, Lin Johnson, LuAnn K. TI Selenium Bioavailability from Naturally Produced High-Selenium Peas and Oats in Selenium-Deficient Rats SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE selenium; bioavailability; peas; oats; rats ID YEAST-BASED DIET; GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE; KESHAN DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; SELENOCYSTEINE; LIVER; WHEAT; SELENOMETHIONINE; SUPPLEMENTATION AB This study determined the bioavailability of selenium (Se) from yellow peas and oats harvested from the high-Se soil of South Dakota, United States. The Se concentrations were 13.5 +/- 0.2 and 2.5 +/- 0.1 mg/kg (dry weight) for peas and oats, respectively. Male weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were depleted of Se by feeding them a 30% Torula yeast-based diet (4.1 mu g Se/kg) for 56 days, and then they were replenished with Se for an additional 50 days by feeding them the same diet supplemented with 20, 30, or 40 mu g Se/kg from peas or oats, respectively. Selenium bioavailability was determined on the basis of the restoration of Se-dependent enzyme activities and tissue Se concentrations in Se-depleted rats, comparing those responses for yellow peas and oats to those for L-selenomethionine (SeMet; used as a reference) by using a slope-ratio method. Dietary supplementation with peas or oats resulted in linear or log-linear, dose-dependent increases in glutathione peroxidase activities in blood and liver and in thioredoxin reductase activity in liver. Supplementation with peas or oats resulted in linear or log-linear, dose-dependent increases in Se concentrations of plasma, liver, gastrocnemius muscle, and kidneys. The overall bioavailability was approximately 88% for Se from yellow peas and 92% from oats, compared to SeMet. It was concluded that Se from naturally produced high-Se yellow peas or oats is highly bioavailable in this model and that these high-Se foods may be a good dietary source of Se. C1 [Yan, Lin; Johnson, LuAnn K.] ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Yan, L (reprint author), ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, 2420 2nd Ave N, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM lin.yan@ars.usda.gov OI yan, lin/0000-0003-3646-6374 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS [5450-51000-035-00D] FX Supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, ARS, Research Project 5450-51000-035-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this paper is solely for providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 8 PY 2011 VL 59 IS 11 BP 6305 EP 6311 DI 10.1021/jf201053s PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 770GJ UT WOS:000291074700066 PM 21553810 ER PT J AU Laudencia-Chingcuanco, D Ganeshan, S You, F Fowler, B Chibbar, R Anderson, O AF Laudencia-Chingcuanco, Debbie Ganeshan, Seedhabadee You, Frank Fowler, Brian Chibbar, Ravindra Anderson, Olin TI Genome-wide gene expression analysis supports a developmental model of low temperature tolerance gene regulation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE wheat; transcriptional profiling; low temperature adaptation; cold acclimation; vernalization; microarrays ID FREEZING TOLERANCE; COLD-ACCLIMATION; VERNALIZATION RESPONSE; CEREALS; TRANSCRIPTOME; VRN-1; SEEDLINGS; BARLEY; WINTER; LOCI AB Background: To identify the genes involved in the development of low temperature (LT) tolerance in hexaploid wheat, we examined the global changes in expression in response to cold of the 55,052 potentially unique genes represented in the Affymetrix Wheat Genome microarray. We compared the expression of genes in winter-habit (winter Norstar and winter Manitou) and spring-habit (spring Manitou and spring Norstar)) cultivars, wherein the locus for the vernalization gene Vrn-A1 was swapped between the parental winter Norstar and spring Manitou in the derived near-isogenic lines winter Manitou and spring Norstar. Global expression of genes in the crowns of 3-leaf stage plants cold-acclimated at 6 degrees C for 0, 2, 14, 21, 38, 42, 56 and 70 days was examined. Results: Analysis of variance of gene expression separated the samples by genetic background and by the developmental stage before or after vernalization saturation was reached. Using gene-specific ANOVA we identified 12,901 genes (at p < 0.001) that change in expression with respect to both genotype and the duration of cold-treatment. We examined in more detail a subset of these genes (2,771) where expression was highly influenced by the interaction between these two main factors. Functional assignments using GO annotations showed that genes involved in transport, oxidation-reduction, and stress response were highly represented. Clustering based on the pattern of transcript accumulation identified genes that were up or down-regulated by cold-treatment. Our data indicate that the cold-sensitive lines can up-regulate known cold-responsive genes comparable to that of cold-hardy lines. The levels of expression of these genes were highly influenced by the initial rate and the duration of the gene's response to cold. We show that the Vrn-A1 locus controls the duration of gene expression but not its initial rate of response to cold treatment. Furthermore, we provide evidence that Ta.Vrn-A1 and Ta.Vrt1 originally hypothesized to encode for the same gene showed different patterns of expression and therefore are distinct. Conclusion: This study provides novel insight into the underlying mechanisms that regulate the expression of cold-responsive genes in wheat. The results support the developmental model of LT tolerance gene regulation and demonstrate the complex genotype by environment interactions that determine LT adaptation in winter annual cereals. C1 [Laudencia-Chingcuanco, Debbie; You, Frank; Anderson, Olin] ARS, Genom & Gene Discovery Unit, USDA, WRRC, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Ganeshan, Seedhabadee; Fowler, Brian; Chibbar, Ravindra] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Plant Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A8, Canada. [You, Frank] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Laudencia-Chingcuanco, D (reprint author), ARS, Genom & Gene Discovery Unit, USDA, WRRC, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM debbie.laudencia@ars.usda.gov RI Chibbar, Ravindra/A-4787-2008 OI Chibbar, Ravindra/0000-0002-2282-5236 FU Patrick McGuire of the University of California; UC Davis Department of Plant Sciences; UC Davis Cancer Center Gene Expression Resource [NCI P30 CA93373]; Genome Canada/Genome Prairie; Ducks Unlimited; Canada Research Chairs; Canada Foundation for Innovation; USDA-ARS [5325-21000-015D] FX We acknowledge the support of Patrick McGuire of the University of California Genetic Resources Conservation Program and Calvin Qualset with the UC Davis Department of Plant Sciences for facilitating access to funding for this project. The excellent technical assistance of Carli Holderness, Garcia Schellhorn and Twyla Chastain is greatly appreciated. We acknowledge the UC Davis Cancer Center Gene Expression Resource (NCI P30 CA93373) for their excellent processing of the microarrays for hybridization experiment. We thank Drs. Grace Chen and Roger Thilmony for the critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by Genome Canada/Genome Prairie (BF and RC), Ducks Unlimited (BF), Canada Research Chairs (RC) and Canada Foundation for Innovation (RC) and USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5325-21000-015D (OA and DLC). Specific product names mentioned in this article does not constitute an endorsement and does not imply a recommendation over other suitable products. NR 38 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 17 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD JUN 7 PY 2011 VL 12 AR 299 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-12-299 PG 19 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 794VS UT WOS:000292930000001 PM 21649926 ER PT J AU Behnke, MS Khan, A Wootton, JC Dubey, JP Tang, KL Sibley, LD AF Behnke, Michael S. Khan, Asis Wootton, John C. Dubey, Jitender P. Tang, Keliang Sibley, L. David TI Virulence differences in Toxoplasma mediated by amplification of a family of polymorphic pseudokinases SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE copy-number variation; parasite; quantitative trait locus mapping; genetic mapping ID PARASITOPHOROUS VACUOLE; CLONAL EXPANSION; GONDII; KINASES; RECOMBINATION; MIGRATION; GENES; ROP2 AB The population structure of Toxoplasma gondii includes three highly prevalent clonal lineages referred to as types I, II, and III, which differ greatly in virulence in the mouse model. Previous studies have implicated a family of serine/threonine protein kinases found in rhoptries (ROPs) as important in mediating virulence differences between strain types. Here, we explored the genetic basis of differences in virulence between the highly virulent type I lineage and moderately virulent type II based on successful genetic cross between these lineages. Genome-wide association revealed that a single quantitative trait locus controls the dramatic difference in lethality between these strain types. Neither ROP16 nor ROP18, previously implicated in virulence of T. gondii, was found to contribute to differences between types I and II. Instead, the major virulence locus contained a tandem cluster of polymorphic alleles of ROP5, which showed similar protein expression between strains. ROP5 contains a conserved serine/threonine protein kinase domain that includes only part of the catalytic triad, and hence, all members are considered to be pseudokinases. Genetic disruption of the entire ROP5 locus in the type I lineage led to complete attenuation of acute virulence, and complementation with ROP5 restored lethality to WT levels. These findings reveal that a locus of polymorphic pseudokinases plays an important role in pathogenesis of toxoplasmosis in the mouse model. C1 [Behnke, Michael S.; Khan, Asis; Tang, Keliang; Sibley, L. David] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Microbiol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Wootton, John C.] NIH, Computat Biol Branch, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA. [Dubey, Jitender P.] ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Sibley, LD (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Microbiol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. EM sibley@borcim.wustl.edu RI Behnke, Michael/R-8839-2016 OI Behnke, Michael/0000-0002-4668-8109 FU National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health; US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Current Research Information System (CRIS) [1265-32000-076]; National Institutes of Health [AI082423, AI036629] FX We are grateful to John Boothroyd, Jon Boyle, and Michael Reese for discussions of unpublished data; David Roos, David Kulp, and Amit Bahl for their design of the Toxoplasma gene chip; Julie Nawas and Jennifer Barks for expert technical assistance; Mae Huynh and Vern Carruthers for the Delta ku80-deficient parasite line; Paul H. Davis for guidance with gDNA preparation; Kate McInnerney for hybridization of the ToxoGeneChip micro-arrays; and the public databases provided at http://ToxoDB.org and http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Traces/trace.cgi. J.C.W is supported by the Intramural Program of National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. J.P.D. was partially supported by US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service, Current Research Information System (CRIS) 1265-32000-076. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grants AI082423 and AI036629 (to L. D. S.). NR 39 TC 98 Z9 105 U1 1 U2 10 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 7 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 23 BP 9631 EP 9636 DI 10.1073/pnas.1015338108 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 773WE UT WOS:000291341400063 PM 21586633 ER PT J AU Gong, BB Ramos, A Vazquez-Fernandez, E Silva, CJ Alonso, J Liu, ZS Requena, JR AF Gong, Binbin Ramos, Adriana Vazquez-Fernandez, Ester Silva, Christopher J. Alonso, Jana Liu, Zengshan Requena, Jesus R. TI Probing structural differences between PrPC and PrPSc by surface nitration and acetylation: evidence of conformational change in the C-terminus SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SCRAPIE PRION PROTEIN; TRANSMISSIBLE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHIES; CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB-DISEASE; HYDROGEN/DEUTERIUM EXCHANGE; ELECTRON CRYSTALLOGRAPHY; MINK ENCEPHALOPATHY; LIMITED PROTEOLYSIS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; STRAIN VARIATION; BETA-HELIX AB We used two chemical modifiers, tetranitromethane (TNM) and acetic anhydride (Ac2O), which specifically target accessible tyrosine and lysine residues, respectively, to modify recombinant Syrian hamster PrP(90-231) [rSHaPrP(90-231)] and SHaPrP 27-30, the proteinase K-resistant core of PrPSc isolated from brain of scrapie-infected Syrian hamsters. Our aim was to find locations of conformational change. Modified proteins were subjected to in-gel proteolytic digestion with trypsin or chymotrypsin and subsequent analysis by mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). Several differences in chemical reactivity were observed. With TNM, the most conspicuous reactivity difference seen involves peptide E-221-R-229 (containing Y-225 and Y-226), which in rSHaPrP(90-231) was much more extensively modified than in SHaPrP 27-30; peptide H-111-R-136, containing Y-128, was also more modified in rSHaPrP(90-231). Conversely, peptides Y-149-R-151, Y-157-R-164, and R-151-Y-162 suffered more extensive modification in SHaPrP 27-30. Acetic anhydride modified very extensively peptide G(90)-K-106, containing K-101, K-104, K-106, and the amino terminus, in both rSHaPrP(90-231) and SHaPrP 27-30. These results suggest that (1) SHaPrP 27-30 exhibits important conformational differences in the C-terminal region with respect to rSHaPrP(90-231), resulting in the loss of solvent accessibility of Y-225 and Y-226, very solvent-exposed in the latter conformation; because other results suggest preservation of the two C-terminal helices, this might mean that these are tightly packed in SHaPrP 27-30. (2) On the other hand, tyrosines contained in the stretch spanning approximately Y-149-R-164 are more accessible in SHaPrP 27-30, suggesting rearrangements in alpha-helix HI and the short beta-sheet of rSHaPrP(90-231). (3) The amino-terminal region of SHaPrP 27-30 is very accessible. These data should help in the validation and construction of structural models of PrPSc. C1 [Gong, Binbin; Liu, Zengshan] Jilin Univ, Key Lab Zoonosis Res, Minist Educ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med,Inst Zoonosis, Changchun 130023, Peoples R China. [Gong, Binbin; Ramos, Adriana; Vazquez-Fernandez, Ester; Requena, Jesus R.] Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Med, Santiago De Compostela, Galiza, Spain. [Silva, Christopher J.] USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Alonso, Jana] IDIS, Lab Prote, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. RP Requena, JR (reprint author), Univ Santiago de Compostela, Dept Microbiol, Sch Med, Rua S Francisco S-N, Santiago De Compostela 15782, Galiza, Spain. EM jesus.requena@usc.es RI Alonso Lorenzo, Jana/B-2869-2012; OI Alonso Lorenzo, Jana/0000-0002-2304-8715; Silva, Christopher/0000-0003-4521-6377 FU European Union [FP7 222887]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Education [BFU2006-04588/BMC]; China Scholar Council FX This work was funded by Grant FP7 222887 (PRIORITY) from the European Union and Grant BFU2006-04588/BMC from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education. B.G. is the recipient of a fellowship from the China Scholar Council. NR 48 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD JUN 7 PY 2011 VL 50 IS 22 BP 4963 EP 4972 DI 10.1021/bi102073j PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 768ZG UT WOS:000290978200013 PM 21526750 ER PT J AU Lehrsch, GA Sojka, RE AF Lehrsch, G. A. Sojka, R. E. TI Water quality and surfactant effects on the water repellency of a sandy soil SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Water drop penetration time; WDPT; Irrigation; Electrolytes; Hydrophobic substances; Non-wettable soil ID NONIONIC SURFACTANT; PARTICLE-SIZE; AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; FINGERED FLOW; HYDROPHOBICITY; TRANSPORT; WETTABILITY; RUNOFF AB Differences in irrigation water quality may affect the water repellency of soils treated or untreated with surfactants. Using simulated irrigations, we evaluated water quality and surfactant application rate effects upon the water repellency of a Quincy sand (Xeric Torripsamment). We used a split plot design with two irrigation water qualities, three surfactant application rates, two irrigations, and 12 sampling depths as fixed effects, with four replications. Each water quality x rate x irrigation combination was a main plot and depth was a repeated-measures subplot. A slightly water repellent Quincy soil (average water drop penetration time. WDPT, of 2.5 s) was packed in 25-mm lifts (or layers) to a bulk density of 1.6 Mg m(-3) into 0.15-m-high x 0.105-m-diameter plastic columns. We studied a nonionic surfactant, a blend of an ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer and an alkyl polyglycoside. We sprayed the surfactant at rates of 0, 9.4, and 46.8 L ha(-1), diluted with reverse osmosis water (RW) to apply 187 L ha(-1) of solution, onto the soil surface of each packed column. About 1 and 5 days after surfactant application, columns were sprinkler irrigated with either RW or well water (WW). The WDPT was then measured with depth on soil air-dried after the first and after the second irrigation. After the first irrigation, WDPT at depths from 97 to 117 mm averaged across surfactant rates reached a maximum of 28 s, regardless of irrigation water quality. WDPT was greatest at 117 mm with RW but only at 97 mm with WW. After the second irrigation, maximum WDPT was 1202 s at 139 mm with RW but only 161 s at 117 mm with WW, nearly 7.5 fold less than with RW. WDPT was greatest near the wetting front, irrespective of water quality. We conclude that irrigation water containing modest amounts of electrolytes or salts, in this case mostly salts of Ca2+, reduces water repellency in the presence or absence of surfactant. Our experimental results may also help explain erratic surfactant performance under rainfed conditions where neither water quality nor depth of infiltration can be fully controlled. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lehrsch, G. A.; Sojka, R. E.] USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Lehrsch, GA (reprint author), USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793 N 3600 E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM Gary.Lehrsch@ars.usda.gov FU Aquatrols Corporation of America [58-3K95-5-1094] FX The authors express great appreciation to J.L. Reed for conducting much of the research and for seeing the project to its successful completion. Dr. Don Horneck, Oregon State Univ., Hermiston, helped us secure the needed soil southwest of Hermiston from a farm owned by the gracious Mr. Ken Vandewaal, Terra Poma Farms, Boardman, OR. The authors thank Dr. J.A. Ippolito and M.A. Kay for the ICP-OES analyses and J.A. Foerster and S.A. Ver Wey for assistance in preparing soil columns, calibrating and testing the spray boom, sampling soil, and measuring WDPT. The authors gratefully acknowledge financial and material support provided by Aquatrols Corporation of America through Cooperative Research and Development Agreement No. 58-3K95-5-1094. NR 62 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD JUN 6 PY 2011 VL 403 IS 1-2 BP 58 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2011.03.040 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 776FR UT WOS:000291520400006 ER PT J AU Nascimento, AF Luvizotto, RAM Leopoldo, AS Lima-Leopoldo, AP Seiva, FR Justulin, LA Silva, MD Okoshi, K Wang, XD Cicogna, AC AF Nascimento, Andre F. Luvizotto, Renata A. M. Leopoldo, Andre S. Lima-Leopoldo, Ana P. Seiva, Fabio R. Justulin, Luis A., Jr. Silva, Maeli Dal Pai Okoshi, Katashi Wang, Xiang-Dong Cicogna, Antonio C. TI Long-term high-fat diet-induced obesity decreases the cardiac leptin receptor without apparent lipotoxicity SO LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Cardiac lipotoxicity; Cardiac leptin receptor; Diet-induced obesity; High-fat diet ID CONTRACTILE DYSFUNCTION; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; HEART-DISEASE; WISTAR RATS; METABOLISM; MORTALITY; GLUCOSE; CARDIOMYOPATHY; CARDIOMYOCYTES; CARBOHYDRATE AB Aims: Leptin resistance has been associated with cardiac lipotoxicity; however, whether leptin resistance is a risk factor associated with cardiac lipotoxicity at different time points in diet-induced obesity is unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate this relationship. Main methods: Male Wistar rats were fed a normal chow diet (12% from fat) or a high-fat diet (49% from fat) for 15 and 45 weeks, respectively. The adiposity index, body weight and co-morbidities were evaluated. Heart lipotoxicity was assessed by analyzing cardiac function and morphological changes as well as cardiac triglyceride, ceramide and lipid hydroperoxide accumulations. Cardiac apoptosis was examined using the TUNEL method. Leptin function was determined by examining plasma leptin levels, cardiac leptin receptors (OB-R) and related phosphorylations of AMP-activated kinase protein (AMPK) and Acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC). Key findings: The diet-induced obesity was characterized by an elevated adiposity index, body weight and leptin levels at both 15 and 45 weeks. There was no difference between groups in the cardiac triglyceride or lipid hydroperoxide levels. Interestingly, ceramide levels decreased in obese animals in both experimental periods. The cardiac morphological and functional parameters were not altered. Although down-regulation of OB-R has occurred in chronic obesity, it did not adversely affect AMPK or ACC phosphorylation. Significance: The development of obesity via long-term feeding of a high-fat diet to rats does not result in cardiac lipotoxicity but promotes the down-regulation of OB-R. However, this does not result in altered levels of AMPK or ACC phosphotylations in this animal model. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Nascimento, Andre F.; Luvizotto, Renata A. M.; Leopoldo, Andre S.; Lima-Leopoldo, Ana P.; Seiva, Fabio R.; Okoshi, Katashi; Cicogna, Antonio C.] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Botucatu Sch Med, Dept Clin Med, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Justulin, Luis A., Jr.; Silva, Maeli Dal Pai] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Inst Biosci, Dept Morphol, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Nascimento, Andre F.; Luvizotto, Renata A. M.; Wang, Xiang-Dong] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Wang, Xiang-Dong] Tufts Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, Gerald J & Dorothy R Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Poli, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Nascimento, AF (reprint author), Sao Paulo State Univ, Sch Med, Dist Rubiao Jr S-N, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. EM nascimentoaf@yahoo.com.br RI Seiva, Fabio/C-6812-2012; Leopoldo, Andre/F-9924-2012; Lima-Leopoldo, Ana Paula/G-1306-2012; Seiva, Fabio/I-5452-2013; Justulin Jr, Luis /I-5734-2013; Nascimento, Andre/K-8857-2015; Okoshi, Katashi/A-3955-2011 FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico [471256/2007-2]; US Department of Agriculture [1950-51000-064S] FX The authors would like to thank the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (grant number 471256/2007-2) and the US Department of Agriculture (grant number 1950-51000-064S) for financial support. We are also grateful to Sandra Fabio and Kang-Quan Hu for their technical assistance and Stephanie-Jo McGehee for her assistance in the preparation of this manuscript and providing language assistance. This manuscript has been proofread and edited by Elsevier Language Editing. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 44 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0024-3205 J9 LIFE SCI JI Life Sci. PD JUN 6 PY 2011 VL 88 IS 23-24 BP 1031 EP 1038 DI 10.1016/j.lfs.2011.03.015 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 773ID UT WOS:000291299300005 PM 21457721 ER PT J AU Perez-Martinez, P Delgado-Lista, J Garcia-Rios, A Mc Monagle, J Gulseth, HL Ordovas, JM Shaw, DI Karlstrom, B Kiec-Wilk, B Blaak, EE Helal, O Malczewska-Malec, M Defoort, C Riserus, U Saris, WHM Lovegrove, JA Drevon, CA Roche, HM Lopez-Miranda, J AF Perez-Martinez, Pablo Delgado-Lista, Javier Garcia-Rios, Antonio Mc Monagle, Jolene Gulseth, Hanne L. Ordovas, Jose M. Shaw, Danielle I. Karlstrom, Brita Kiec-Wilk, Beata Blaak, Ellen E. Helal, Olfa Malczewska-Malec, Malgorzata Defoort, Catherine Riserus, Ulf Saris, Wim H. M. Lovegrove, Julie A. Drevon, Christian A. Roche, Helen M. Lopez-Miranda, Jose TI Glucokinase Regulatory Protein Genetic Variant Interacts with Omega-3 PUFA to Influence Insulin Resistance and Inflammation in Metabolic Syndrome SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; FASTING PLASMA-GLUCOSE; TYPE-2 DIABETES RISK; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS; LOCI; OMEGA-3-FATTY-ACIDS; ADULTS; POLYMORPHISMS AB Glucokinase Regulatory Protein (GCKR) plays a central role regulating both hepatic triglyceride and glucose metabolism. Fatty acids are key metabolic regulators, which interact with genetic factors and influence glucose metabolism and other metabolic traits. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) have been of considerable interest, due to their potential to reduce metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk. Objective: To examine whether genetic variability at the GCKR gene locus was associated with the degree of insulin resistance, plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and n-3 PUFA in MetS subjects. Design: Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), HOMA-B, plasma concentrations of C-peptide, CRP, fatty acid composition and the GCKR rs1260326-P446L polymorphism, were determined in a cross-sectional analysis of 379 subjects with MetS participating in the LIPGENE dietary cohort. Results: Among subjects with n-3 PUFA levels below the population median, carriers of the common C/C genotype had higher plasma concentrations of fasting insulin (P = 0.019), C-peptide (P = 0.004), HOMA-IR (P = 0.008) and CRP (P = 0.032) as compared with subjects carrying the minor T-allele (Leu446). In contrast, homozygous C/C carriers with n-3 PUFA levels above the median showed lower plasma concentrations of fasting insulin, peptide C, HOMA-IR and CRP, as compared with individuals with the T-allele. Conclusions: We have demonstrated a significant interaction between the GCKR rs1260326-P446L polymorphism and plasma n-3 PUFA levels modulating insulin resistance and inflammatory markers in MetS subjects. Further studies are needed to confirm this gene-diet interaction in the general population and whether targeted dietary recommendations can prevent MetS in genetically susceptible individuals. C1 [Perez-Martinez, Pablo; Delgado-Lista, Javier; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Lopez-Miranda, Jose] Univ Cordoba, Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, IMIBIC, Lipid & Atherosclerosis Unit, Cordoba, Spain. [Perez-Martinez, Pablo; Delgado-Lista, Javier; Garcia-Rios, Antonio; Lopez-Miranda, Jose] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr CIBEROBN, Cordoba, Spain. [Mc Monagle, Jolene; Roche, Helen M.] Univ Coll Dublin, Nutrigen Res Grp, UCD Sch Publ Hlth & Populat Sci, UCD Conway Inst, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Gulseth, Hanne L.] Oslo Univ Hosp, Dept Endocrinol, Oslo, Norway. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] CNIC, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid, Spain. [Shaw, Danielle I.; Lovegrove, Julie A.] Univ Reading, Dept Food & Nutr Sci, Reading, Berks, England. [Shaw, Danielle I.; Lovegrove, Julie A.] Univ Reading, ICMR, Reading, Berks, England. [Karlstrom, Brita; Riserus, Ulf] Uppsala Univ, Dept Publ Hlth & Caring Sci, Uppsala, Sweden. [Kiec-Wilk, Beata; Malczewska-Malec, Malgorzata] Jagiellonian Univ, Coll Med, Dept Clin Biochem, Krakow, Poland. [Kiec-Wilk, Beata; Malczewska-Malec, Malgorzata] Jagiellonian Univ, Coll Med, Dept Metab Dis, Krakow, Poland. [Blaak, Ellen E.; Saris, Wim H. M.] NUTRIM, Sch Nutr Toxicol & Metab, Dept Human Biol, Maastricht, Netherlands. [Helal, Olfa; Defoort, Catherine] Univ Aix Marseille 2, INRA, INSERM 476, Marseille, France. [Drevon, Christian A.] Univ Oslo, Inst Basic Med Sci, Fac Med, Dept Nutr, Oslo, Norway. RP Perez-Martinez, P (reprint author), Univ Cordoba, Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, IMIBIC, Lipid & Atherosclerosis Unit, Cordoba, Spain. EM jlopezmir@uco.es OI Perez Martinez, Pablo/0000-0001-7716-8117; Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 FU European community [505944]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [AGL2006-01979/ALI, AGL2009-12270, PI10/01041]; Consejeria de Economia, Innovacion y Ciencia, Proyectos de Investigacion de Excelencia, Junta de Andalucia [P06-CTS-01425]; Consejeria de Salud, Junta de Andalucia [07/43, PI 0193/09, PI-0252/2009, PI-0058-2010]; Centro de Excelencia Investigadora en Aceite de Oliva y Salud (CEAS); Aktieselskabet Freia Chocolade Fabrik's Medical Foundation; Throne-Holst Foundation for Nutrition Research; Science Foundation Ireland Principal Investigator Programme [06/IM.1/B105]; ISCIII (Programa Rio-Hortega); NIH [HL54776, DK075030]; U.S. Department of Agriculture Research Service [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001] FX Funding: The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. This study was supported in part by research grants from the European community (LIPGENE European Integrated Project-505944), grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (AGL2006-01979/ALI, AGL2009-12270 to JL-M and PI10/01041 to PP-M), Consejeria de Economia, Innovacion y Ciencia, Proyectos de Investigacion de Excelencia, Junta de Andalucia (P06-CTS-01425 to JL-M); Consejeria de Salud, Junta de Andalucia (07/43, PI 0193/09 to JL-M, PI-0252/2009 to JD-L and PI-0058-2010 to PP-M). This study was also supported by Centro de Excelencia Investigadora en Aceite de Oliva y Salud (CEAS), Aktieselskabet Freia Chocolade Fabrik's Medical Foundation, and Throne-Holst Foundation for Nutrition Research. HRM is a recipient by Science Foundation Ireland Principal Investigator Programme (06/IM.1/B105). AG-R is supported by a research contract of ISCIII (Programa Rio-Hortega). JMO is supported by NIH grants HL54776 and DK075030 and by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Research Service (contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001). NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 6 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 6 AR e20555 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0020555 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 774BN UT WOS:000291356400007 PM 21674002 ER PT J AU Hudson, K Luo, S Hagemann, N Preuss, D AF Hudson, Karen Luo, Song Hagemann, Nicole Preuss, Daphne TI Changes in Global Gene Expression in Response to Chemical and Genetic Perturbation of Chromatin Structure SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DNA METHYLATION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; NUCLEOLAR DOMINANCE; METHYLTRANSFERASE; TRANSCRIPTION; SEQUENCE; MUTANTS; DRM; HETEROCHROMATIN; MAINTENANCE AB DNA methylation is important for controlling gene expression in all eukaryotes. Microarray analysis of mutant and chemically-treated Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings with reduced DNA methylation revealed an altered gene expression profile after treatment with the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-aza-2' deoxycytidine (5-AC), which included the upregulation of expression of many transposable elements. DNA damage-response genes were also coordinately upregulated by 5-AC treatment. In the ddm1 mutant, more specific changes in gene expression were observed, in particular for genes predicted to encode transposable elements in centromeric and pericentromeric locations. These results confirm that DDM1 has a very specific role in maintaining transcriptional silence of transposable elements, while chemical inhibitors of DNA methylation can affect gene expression at a global level. C1 [Hudson, Karen; Luo, Song; Hagemann, Nicole; Preuss, Daphne] Univ Chicago, Dept Mol Genet & Cell Biol, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Hudson, K (reprint author), ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, USDA, W Lafayette, IN USA. EM dpreuss@chromatininc.com FU Howard Hughes Medical Institute FX The research described herein was supported by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 3 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 6 AR e20587 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0020587 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 774BE UT WOS:000291355500025 PM 21673996 ER PT J AU Bearson, BL Bearson, SMD AF Bearson, Bradley L. Bearson, Shawn M. D. TI Host specific differences alter the requirement for certain Salmonella genes during swine colonization SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Salmonella pathogenesis; Swine host; Mouse model; Systemic disease; Colonization; Iron transport; Genetic mechanisms ID ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; III SECRETION SYSTEM; FIBRONECTIN-BINDING PROTEIN; PATHOGENICITY ISLAND 2; SEROTYPE TYPHIMURIUM; EFFECTOR PROTEINS; RECEPTOR PROTEINS; IRON ACQUISITION; SENSOR KINASE; VIRULENCE AB The pathogenic potential of Salmonella is determined during the complex interaction between pathogen and host, requiring optimal regulation of multiple bacterial genetic systems within variable in vivo environments. The mouse model of systemic disease has been an extremely productive model to investigate the pathogenesis of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium). Although the mouse model is a widely used paradigm for studying the pathogenesis of systemic disease caused by Salmonella, investigations concerning food safety interventions should employ natural hosts to examine gastrointestinal colonization by Salmonella. Recent research has demonstrated specific differences in the attenuation of certain S. Typhimurium mutants in mice compared to swine. This variation in pathogenesis between the mouse model and pigs for the S. Typhimurium mutants is presumably dependent upon either the requirements for specific gene products during systemic disease (mouse) versus gastrointestinal colonization (pig) or host specific differences. In addition, host specific diversity in Salmonella colonization of swine has also been described in comparison to other food-producing animals, including cattle and chickens. Differences in Salmonella colonization and pathogenesis across diverse animal species highlight the importance of species-specific studies of gastrointestinal colonization for the development of Salmonella interventions to enhance pork safety. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Bearson, Bradley L.] ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Bearson, Shawn M. D.] ARS, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Bearson, BL (reprint author), ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, USDA, NSRIC-2103,2110 Univ Dr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM brad.bearson@ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD JUN 2 PY 2011 VL 150 IS 3-4 BP 215 EP 219 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.12.026 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 776EH UT WOS:000291516800001 PM 21273009 ER PT J AU Li, H Cunha, CW Gailbreath, KL O'Toole, D White, SN Vanderplasschen, A Dewals, B Knowles, DP Taus, NS AF Li, Hong Cunha, Cristina W. Gailbreath, Katherine L. O'Toole, Donal White, Stephen N. Vanderplasschen, Alain Dewals, Benjamin Knowles, Donald. P. Taus, Naomi S. TI Characterization of ovine herpesvirus 2-induced malignant catarrhal fever in rabbits SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Malignant catarrhal fever; Ovine herpesvirus 2; Rabbit model; Lymphoproliferation; Gene expression ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; SHEEP NASAL SECRETIONS; BISON BISON-BISON; GENE-EXPRESSION; PCR DETECTION; RUMINANTS; CATTLE; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; VIRUS AB Malignant catarrhal fever (MCF) is a frequently fatal lymphoproliferative disease syndrome primarily of ruminant species, caused by gammaherpesviruses in the genus Macavirus. Ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2), carried by sheep, causes sheep-associated MCF worldwide, while Alcelaphine herpesvirus 1 (AlHV-1), carried by wildebeest, causes wildebeest-associated MCF, mainly in Africa. Diseases in rabbits can be induced by both viruses, which are clinically and pathologically similar; however, recent studies revealed different expression of viral genes associated with latency or lytic replication during clinical disease between the two viruses. In this study, we further characterized experimentally induced MCF in rabbits by nebulization with OvHV-2 from sheep nasal secretions to elucidate the course of viral replication, along with in vivo incorporation of 5-Bromo-2'-Deoxyuridine (BrdU), to evaluate lymphoproliferation. All six rabbits nebulized with OvHV-2 developed MCF between 24 and 29 days post infection. OvHV-2 DNA levels in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) remained undetectable during the incubation period and increased dramatically a few days before onset of clinical signs. During the clinical stage, we found that predominantly lytic gene expression was detected in PBL and tissues, and both T and B cells were proliferating. The data showed that the viral gene expression profile and lymphoproliferation in rabbits with OvHV-2 induced MCF were different from that in rabbits with AlHV-1 induced MCF, suggesting that OvHV-2 and AlHV-1 may play a different role in MCF pathogenesis. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Li, Hong; Cunha, Cristina W.; Gailbreath, Katherine L.; White, Stephen N.; Knowles, Donald. P.; Taus, Naomi S.] Washington State Univ, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA Agr Res Serv, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Gailbreath, Katherine L.; White, Stephen N.; Knowles, Donald. P.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [O'Toole, Donal] Univ Wyoming, Wyoming Vet Diagnost Lab, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Vanderplasschen, Alain; Dewals, Benjamin] Univ Liege, Fac Vet Med, Dept Infect & Parasit Dis, Immunol Vaccinol B43b, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. RP Li, H (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA Agr Res Serv, 3003 ADBF, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM hli@vetmed.wsu.edu OI White, Stephen N./0000-0001-9255-6054 FU USDA-ARS [CWU 5348-32000-024-00D] FX This work was supported by USDA-ARS CWU 5348-32000-024-00D. We thank Jan Keller, Shirley Elias, Lori Fuller, and Emma Karel for technical assistance and animal care and Lindsay Oaks for valuable discussion. NR 45 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD JUN 2 PY 2011 VL 150 IS 3-4 BP 270 EP 277 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.02.016 PG 8 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 776EH UT WOS:000291516800007 PM 21419581 ER PT J AU Panickar, KS Anderson, RA AF Panickar, K. S. Anderson, R. A. TI MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF MYRICETIN AND QUERCETIN FOLLOWING OXYGEN-GLUCOSE DEPRIVATION-INDUCED CELL SWELLING AND THE REDUCTION IN GLUTAMATE UPTAKE IN GLIAL CELLS SO NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE polyphenols; ischemia; brain edema; mitochondria; calcium; flavonoids ID MITOCHONDRIAL PERMEABILITY TRANSITION; CORTICAL ASTROCYTE CULTURES; ISCHEMIC NEURONAL DAMAGE; CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; BRAIN EDEMA; IN-VITRO; (-)-EPIGALLOCATECHIN GALLATE; INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM; DIETARY FLAVONOIDS; OXIDATIVE STRESS AB The protective effects of the flavonoid polyphenols, myricetin and quercetin, were investigated on key features of ischemic injury in cultures including cell swelling and the reduction in glutamate uptake. C6 glial cells were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for 5 h and cell swelling was determined 90 min after the end of OGD. OGD-induced swelling was significantly blocked by both quercetin and myricetin although higher concentrations were required for quercetin. OGD-induced free radical production, a contributing factor in cell swelling, was significantly reduced by both myricetin and quercetin. However, depolarization of the inner mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta Psi(m)), the blockade of which generally reduces swelling, was significantly diminished by myricetin, but not quercetin. This indicated that quercetin could reduce swelling despite its inability to prevent depolarization of Delta Psi(m) possibly through other signaling pathways. Increased intracellular calcium ([Ca(2+)](i)) is an important characteristic of ischemic injury and is implicated in swelling. Both myricetin and quercetin attenuated the increase in [Ca(2+)](i). Further, a reduction in [Ca(2+)](i), through the use of nifedipine, nimodipine, verapamil, dantrolene, or BAPTA-AM, significantly reduced OGD-induced cell swelling indicating that one possible mechanism by which such flavonoids attenuate cell swelling may be through regulating [Ca(2+)](i). OGD-induced decrease in glutamate uptake was attenuated by myricetin, but not quercetin. Cyclosporin A, a blocker of the mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) pore, but not FK506 (that does not block the mPT), attenuated the decline in glutamate uptake after OGD, indicating the involvement of the mPT in glutamate uptake. Our results indicated that while blockade of Delta Psi(m) may be sufficient to reduce swelling, it may not be a necessary factor, and that flavonoids reduce cell swelling by regulating [Ca(2+)](i). The differential effects of myricetin and quercetin on OGD-induced reduction on glutamate uptake may be due to their differential effects on mitochondria. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IBRO. C1 [Panickar, K. S.; Anderson, R. A.] ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Panickar, KS (reprint author), ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kiran.panickar@ars.usda.gov FU USDA CRIS [1235-51000-054-00D]; Diabetes Action Research and Education Foundation FX Supported by USDA CRIS Project # 1235-51000-054-00D and a grant from Diabetes Action Research and Education Foundation. We thank Dr. Joe Urban, Jr. for critically evaluating the manuscript and helpful suggestions to improve the manuscript and Dr. Allison Yates for helpful discussions prior to initiating these experiments. NR 97 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4522 J9 NEUROSCIENCE JI Neuroscience PD JUN 2 PY 2011 VL 183 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.03.064 PG 14 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 765ZQ UT WOS:000290748300001 PM 21496478 ER PT J AU Thies, JA AF Thies, Judy A. TI Virulence of Meloidogyne incognita to expression of N gene in pepper SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Capsicum annuum var. annuum; Capsicum chinense; Meloidogyne incognita; methyl bromide alternatives; nematode resistance ID ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE; RESISTANT PEPPER; CHARLESTON BELLE; CAROLINA WONDER; CAYENNE PEPPER; HEAT-STABILITY; ARENARIA; JAVANICA; HAPLA AB Four pepper genotypes classified as resistant and four pepper genotypes classified as susceptible to several avirulent populations of M. incognita were compared for their reactions against a population of Meloidogyne incognita (Chitwood) Kofoid and White which had been shown to be virulent to resistant bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) in preliminary tests. The virulent population of M. incognita originated from a commercial bell pepper field in California. The resistant pepper genotypes used in all experiments were the Capsicum annuum cultivars Charleston Belle, Carolina Wonder, and Carolina Cayenne, and the C. chinense cultigen PA-426. The susceptible pepper genotypes used in the experiments were the C. annuumcultivars Keystone Resistant Giant, Yolo Wonder B, California Wonder, and the C. chinense cultigen PA-350. Root gall indices (Cl) were >= 3.0 for all genotypes in both tests except. for PA-426 (GI=2.57) in test 1 and 'Carolina Cayenne' (GI=2.83) in test 2. Numbers of eggs per gram fresh root weight ranged from 20,635 to 141,319 and reproductive indices ranged from 1.20 to 27.2 for the pepper genotypes in both tests, indicating that all eight pepper genotypes tested were susceptible to the M. incognita population used in these tests. The M. incognita population used in these studies overcame resistance conferred by the N gene in all resistant genotypes of both C. annuum and C. chinense. C1 ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Thies, JA (reprint author), ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM Judy.Thies@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 43 IS 2 BP 90 EP 94 PG 5 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 922DQ UT WOS:000302527400005 PM 22791917 ER PT J AU Zasada, IA AF Zasada, Inga A. TI Research Collaborations Can Improve the Use of Organic Amendments for Plant-Parasitic Nematode Management SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE; N-VIRO SOIL; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; SUPPRESSION AB The concept of utilizing organic amendments to manage plant-parasitic nematodes is not new, but the widespread implementation of this management practice has still not been realized. The use of organic amendments for plant-parasitic nematode management is a complex process requiring an understanding of the transformation and generation of active compounds. As a result, research endeavors to understand and maximize the use of this management practice require a multidisciplinary approach which draws upon the expertise of nematologists, microbiologists, natural product chemists and soil scientists. Factors that require analysis and clarification include lethal concentration levels of organic amendments necessary to kill nematodes; chemical composition of incorporation material; fate and exposure potential to nematodes of compounds released into the soil; and the influence of environmental factors (i.e., temperature, microbial community, soil type) on the activity of organic amendments. Examples of research conducted in a collaborative manner with rye (Secale cereale) and a biosolid amendment demonstrate the power of multidisciplinary research. Only through collaborative research can consistent and reliable nematode suppression with organic amendments be achieved. C1 ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Zasada, IA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM inga.zasada@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 43 IS 2 BP 126 EP 128 PG 3 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 922DQ UT WOS:000302527400011 PM 22791924 ER PT J AU Delgado-Lista, J Perez-Martinez, P Garcia-Rios, A Solivera, J Yubero-Serrano, EM Fuentes, F Parnell, LD Shen, J Gomez, P Jimenez-Gomez, Y Gomez-Luna, MJ Marin, C Belisle, SE Rodriguez-Cantalejo, F Meydani, SN Ordovas, JM Perez-Jimenez, F Lopez-Miranda, J AF Delgado-Lista, J. Perez-Martinez, P. Garcia-Rios, A. Solivera, J. Yubero-Serrano, E. M. Fuentes, F. Parnell, L. D. Shen, J. Gomez, P. Jimenez-Gomez, Y. Gomez-Luna, M. J. Marin, C. Belisle, S. E. Rodriguez-Cantalejo, F. Meydani, S. N. Ordovas, J. M. Perez-Jimenez, F. Lopez-Miranda, J. TI TRIGLYCERIDE METABOLISM AND INTERLEUKIN-6 LEVELS ARE ALTERED IN CARRIERS OF THE MINOR ALLELE OF AN INTERLEUKIN-1B GENE VARIATION (-1473G/C) SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 79th Congress of the European-Atherosclerosis-Society (EAS) CY JUN 26-29, 2011 CL Gothenburg, SWEDEN SP European Atherosclerosis Soc (EAS) C1 [Delgado-Lista, J.; Perez-Martinez, P.; Garcia-Rios, A.; Yubero-Serrano, E. M.; Fuentes, F.; Gomez, P.; Jimenez-Gomez, Y.; Gomez-Luna, M. J.; Marin, C.; Perez-Jimenez, F.; Lopez-Miranda, J.] Univ Cordoba, IMIBIC Hosp Univ Reina Sofia, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Unit, Cordoba, Spain. [Delgado-Lista, J.; Perez-Martinez, P.; Garcia-Rios, A.; Yubero-Serrano, E. M.; Fuentes, F.; Gomez, P.; Jimenez-Gomez, Y.; Gomez-Luna, M. J.; Marin, C.; Perez-Jimenez, F.; Lopez-Miranda, J.] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr CIBEROBN, Cordoba, Spain. [Solivera, J.] Hosp Univ Reina, Neurosurg Unit, Cordoba, Spain. [Belisle, S. E.; Meydani, S. N.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Immunol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Rodriguez-Cantalejo, F.] Hosp Univ Reina, Biochem Lab, Cordoba, Spain. RI Yubero-Serrano, Elena /H-4832-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 1567-5688 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP JI Atheroscler. Suppl. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 12 IS 1 MA 393 BP 84 EP 84 PG 1 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 890QG UT WOS:000300159000389 ER PT J AU Gertow, K Nobili, E Folkersen, L Newman, JW Pedersen, TL Ekstrand, J Swedenborg, J Kuhn, H Wheelock, CE Hansson, GK Hedin, U Haeggstrom, JZ Gabrielsen, A AF Gertow, K. Nobili, E. Folkersen, L. Newman, J. W. Pedersen, T. L. Ekstrand, J. Swedenborg, J. Kuehn, H. Wheelock, C. E. Hansson, G. K. Hedin, U. Haeggstrom, J. Z. Gabrielsen, A. TI 12-AND 15-LIPOXYGENASES IN HUMAN CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS: ASSOCIATIONS WITH CEREBROVASCULAR SYMPTOMS SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPPLEMENTS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 79th Congress of the European-Atherosclerosis-Society (EAS) CY JUN 26-29, 2011 CL Gothenburg, SWEDEN SP European Atherosclerosis Soc (EAS) C1 [Gertow, K.; Folkersen, L.; Hansson, G. K.; Gabrielsen, A.] Karolinska Inst, Dept Med, Stockholm, Sweden. [Nobili, E.] Univ Milan, Milan, Italy. [Nobili, E.] Ctr Cardiol Monzino, Milan, Italy. [Newman, J. W.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. [Newman, J. W.; Pedersen, T. L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Ekstrand, J.; Swedenborg, J.; Hedin, U.] Karolinska Inst, Dept Mol Med & Surg, Stockholm, Sweden. [Kuehn, H.] Univ Med Berlin Charite, Inst Biochem, Berlin, Germany. [Wheelock, C. E.; Haeggstrom, J. Z.] Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Biochem & Biophys, Stockholm, Sweden. RI Hansson, Goran/B-7423-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 1567-5688 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS SUPP JI Atheroscler. Suppl. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 12 IS 1 MA 754 BP 158 EP 158 PG 1 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 890QG UT WOS:000300159000750 ER PT J AU Baddock, MC Zobeck, TM Van Pelt, RS Fredrickson, EL AF Baddock, Matthew C. Zobeck, Ted M. Van Pelt, R. Scott Fredrickson, Ed L. TI Dust emissions from undisturbed and disturbed, crusted playa surfaces: Cattle trampling effects SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American Geophysical Union on Aeolian Dust - Transport Processes, Anthropogenic Forces and Biogeochemical Cycling CY DEC 14, 2009 CL San Francisco, CA DE Wind erosion; Mineral aerosols; Wind tunnel; Playas; Anthropogenic dust ID BIOLOGICAL SOIL CRUSTS; WIND EROSION; SALTATING PARTICLES; CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; MOJAVE DESERT; VERTICAL FLUX; UNITED-STATES; MU-M; FIELD; IMPACTS AB Dry playa lake beds can be significant sources of fine dust emission. This study used a portable field wind tunnel to quantify the PM(10) emissions from a bare, fine-textured playa surface located in the far northern Chihuahua Desert. The natural, undisturbed crust and its subjection to two levels of animal disturbance (one and ten cow passes) were tested. The wind tunnel generated dust emissions under controlled conditions for firstly an initial blow-off of the surface, followed by two longer runs with sand added to the flow as an abrader material. Dust was measured using a GRIMM particle monitor. For the study playa, no significant differences in PM(10) concentration and emission flux were found between the untrampled surface and following a single animal pass. This was the case for both the initial blow-offs and tests on plots under a steady abrader rate. Significantly higher dust loading was only associated with the effect of 10 animal passes. In the blow-offs, the higher PM(10) yield after 10 passes reflected the greater availability of easily entrainable fine particles. Under abrasion, the effect of the heaviest trampling increased the emission flux by a third and abrasion efficiency by around 50% more than values on the untrampled surface. This enhanced abrasion efficiency persisted for a 30 min period under abrasion before the positive effect of the disturbance was no longer evident. The findings highlight the role of a threshold of disturbance that determines if supply-limited surfaces will exhibit enhanced wind erosion or not after undergoing perturbation. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Baddock, Matthew C.; Zobeck, Ted M.] ARS, USDA, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Van Pelt, R. Scott] ARS, USDA, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, Big Spring, TX 79720 USA. [Fredrickson, Ed L.] ARS, USDA, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Baddock, MC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Wind Eros & Water Conservat Res Unit, 3810 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM matthew.baddock@ais.usda.gov; ted.zobeck@-ars.usda.gov; scott.vanpelt@ars.usda.gov; ed.fredrick-son@ars.usda.gov RI Zobeck, Ted/A-6126-2012; Baddock, Matthew/A-5739-2012 OI Baddock, Matthew/0000-0003-1490-7511 NR 42 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1875-9637 J9 AEOLIAN RES JI Aeolian Res. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 3 IS 1 SI SI BP 31 EP 41 DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2011.03.007 PG 11 WC Geography, Physical SC Physical Geography GA 854WX UT WOS:000297526600004 ER PT J AU Clow, DW Rhoades, C Briggs, J Caldwell, M Lewis, WM AF Clow, David W. Rhoades, Charles Briggs, Jennifer Caldwell, Megan Lewis, William M., Jr. TI Responses of soil and water chemistry to mountain pine beetle induced tree mortality in Grand County, Colorado, USA SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FORESTS AB Pine forest in northern Colorado and southern Wyoming, USA, are experiencing the most severe mountain pine beetle epidemic in recorded history, and possible degradation of drinking-water quality is a major concern. The objective of this study was to investigate possible changes in soil and water chemistry in Grand County, Colorado in response to the epidemic, and to identify major controlling influences on stream-water nutrients and C in areas affected by the mountain pine beetle. Soil moisture and soil N increased in soils beneath trees killed by the mountain pine beetle, reflecting reduced evapotranspiration and litter accumulation and decay. No significant changes in stream-water NO(3)(-) or dissolved organic C were observed; however, total N and total P increased, possibly due to litter breakdown or increased productivity related to warming air temperatures. Multiple-regression analyses indicated that % of basin affected by mountain pine beetles had minimal influence on stream-water NO(3)(-) and dissolved organic C; instead, other basin characteristics, such as percent of the basin classified as forest, were much more important. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Clow, David W.] US Geol Survey, Water Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Rhoades, Charles] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Briggs, Jennifer; Caldwell, Megan] US Geol Survey, Rocky Mt Geog Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Lewis, William M., Jr.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Clow, DW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Water Sci Ctr, MS 415 Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM dwclow@usgs.gov OI Clow, David/0000-0001-6183-4824 FU US Geological Survey; USDA Forest Service FX Support for the study was provided by the US Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service. Assistance with GIS analysis from Susan Stitt, and reviews of the manuscript by Keelin Shaffrath and Sarah Stackpoole are gratefully acknowledged. NR 15 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 46 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 26 SU S BP S174 EP S178 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.096 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 858HZ UT WOS:000297788100049 ER PT J AU Lyttle, A Yoo, K Hale, C Aufdenkampe, A Sebestyen, S AF Lyttle, Amy Yoo, Kyungsoo Hale, Cindy Aufdenkampe, Anthony Sebestyen, Stephen TI Carbon-mineral interactions along an earthworm invasion gradient at a Sugar Maple Forest in Northern Minnesota SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB The interactions of organic matter and minerals contribute to the capacity of soils to store C. Such interactions may be controlled by the processes that determine the availability of organic matter and minerals, and their physical contacts. One of these processes is bioturbation, and earthworms are the best known organisms that physically mix soils. Earthworms are not native species to areas previously glaciated, and the introduction of earthworms to these regions has been associated with often dramatic changes in soil structure and geochemical cycles. The authors are studying C mineral interaction along an approximately 200 m long earthworm invasion transect in a hardwood forest in northern Minnesota. This transect extends from the soils where earthworms are absent to soils that have been invaded by earthworms for nearly 30-40 years. Pre-invaded soils have an approximately 5 cm thick litter layer, thin (similar to 5 cm) A horizon, silt rich E horizon, and clay-rich Bt horizons. The A and E horizons formed from aeolian deposits, while the clay-rich Bt horizons probably developed from underlying glacial till. With the advent of earthworm invasion, the litter layer disappears and the A horizons thicken at the expense of the O and E horizons. In addition, organic C contents in the A horizons significantly increase with the arrival of earthworms. Simultaneously, measured mineral specific surface areas suggest that minerals' capacities to complex the organic matter appear to be greater in soils with active earthworm populations. Based on the data from two end member soils along the transect, mineral specific surface areas in the A and E horizons are larger in the earthworm invaded soil than in the pre-invasion soil. Additionally, within <5 a of earthworm invasions, A horizon materials are turned from single grain to a strong medium granular structure. While A horizon organic matter content and organic C-mineral complexation increase after earthworm invasion, they are also more vigorously mixed. This growing data set, when ultimately combined with ongoing measurements of (1) the population dynamics of earthworms along the invasion transect, (2) C-mineral association (via surface adsorption and physical collusion in mineral aggregates) and (3) dissolved organic C will show how and how much soil capacity to store C is affected by burrowing organisms, which are often the keystone species of given ecosystems. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lyttle, Amy; Yoo, Kyungsoo] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Hale, Cindy] Univ Minnesota, Nat Resources Res Inst, Duluth, MN 55811 USA. [Aufdenkampe, Anthony] Stroud Water Res Ctr, Avondale, PA 19311 USA. [Sebestyen, Stephen] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. RP Yoo, K (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, 439 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM kyoo@umn.edu RI Sebestyen, Stephen/D-1238-2013; Yoo, Kyungsoo/D-2463-2013 OI Sebestyen, Stephen/0000-0002-6315-0108; FU USDA FX This research was supported by grants provided by USDA to Yoo, Aufdenkampe and Hale. We appreciate Jim Barott (Chippewa National Forest) and Rebecca D. Knowles, Ph.D. (Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe) for their help in field work. We also thank Cristina Fernandez (University of Delaware) for her work in the earlier phase of the project. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 26 SU S BP S85 EP S88 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.037 PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 858HZ UT WOS:000297788100025 ER PT J AU Resner, K Yoo, K Hale, C Aufdenkampe, A Blum, A Sebestyen, S AF Resner, Kathryn Yoo, Kyungsoo Hale, Cindy Aufdenkampe, Anthony Blum, Alex Sebestyen, Stephen TI Elemental and mineralogical changes in soils due to bioturbation along an earthworm invasion chronosequence in Northern Minnesota SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB Minnesota forested soils have evolved without the presence of earthworms since the last glacial retreat. When exotic earthworms arrive, enhanced soil bioturbation often results in dramatic morphological and chemical changes in soils with negative implications for the forests' sustainability. However, the impacts of earthworm invasion on geochemical processes in soils are not well understood. This study attempts to quantify the role of earthworm invasion in mineral chemical weathering and nutrient dynamics along an earthworm invasion chronosequence in a sugar maple forest in Northern Minnesota. Depth and rates of soil mixing can be tracked with atmospherically derived short lived radioisotopes (210)Pb and (137)Cs. Their radioactivities increase in the lower A horizon at the expense of the peak activities near the soil surface, which indicate that soil mixing rate and its depth reach have been enhanced by earthworms. Enhanced soil mixing by earthworms is consistent with the ways that the vertical profiles of elemental and mineralogical compositions were affected by earthworm invasion. Biologically cycled Ca and P have peak concentrations near the soil surface prior to earthworm invasion. However, these peak abundances significantly declined in the earthworm invaded soils presumably due to enhanced soil mixing. It is clear that enhanced soil mixing due to earthworms also profoundly altered the vertical distribution of most mineral species within A horizons. Though the mechanisms are not clear yet, earthworm invasion appears to have contributed to net losses of clay mineral species and opal from the A horizons. As much as earthworms vertically relocated minerals and elements, they also intensify the contacts between organic matter and cations as shown in the increased amount of Ca and Fe in organically complexed and in exchangeable pools. With future studies on soil mixing rates and elemental leaching, this study will quantitatively and mechanically address the role of earthworms in geochemical evolution of soils and forests' nutrient dynamics. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Resner, Kathryn; Yoo, Kyungsoo] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Hale, Cindy] Univ Minnesota, Nat Resources Res Inst, Duluth, MN 55811 USA. [Aufdenkampe, Anthony] Stroud Water Res Ctr, Avondale, PA 19311 USA. [Blum, Alex] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Sebestyen, Stephen] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. RP Yoo, K (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, 439 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM kyoo@umn.edu RI Yoo, Kyungsoo/D-2463-2013; Sebestyen, Stephen/D-1238-2013 OI Sebestyen, Stephen/0000-0002-6315-0108 FU USDA FX Thank you to Jim Barott (Chippewa National Forest), Rebecca D. Knowles, Ph.D. (Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe), and Amy Lyttle (University of Minnesota) for their field work. We also thank Cristina Fernandez (University of Delaware) for her work earlier on the project. Thank you to the USDA for funding to Yoo, Aufdenkampe and Hale. NR 2 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 26 SU S BP S127 EP S131 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.03.047 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 858HZ UT WOS:000297788100036 ER PT J AU Rouse, MN Wanyera, R Njau, P Jin, Y AF Rouse, M. N. Wanyera, R. Njau, P. Jin, Y. TI Sources of Resistance to Stem Rust Race Ug99 in Spring Wheat Germplasm SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; GENE SR36; VIRULENCE; TTKS; IDENTIFICATION; MARKERS; LINES; SR24 AB Wheat stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) race TTKSK (Ug99), with virulence to the majority of the world's wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars, has spread from Uganda throughout eastern Africa, Yemen, and Iran. The identification and spread of variants of race TTKSK with virulence to additional stem rust resistance genes has reminded breeders and pathologists of the danger of deploying major resistance genes alone. In order to protect wheat from this rapidly spreading and adapting pathogen, multiple resistance genes are needed, preferably from improved germplasm. Preliminary screening of over 700 spring wheat breeding lines and cultivars developed at least 20 years ago identified 88 accessions with field resistance to Ug99. We included these resistant accessions in the stem rust screening nursery in Njoro, Kenya for two additional seasons. The accessions were also screened with a bulk of North American isolates of P. graminis f. sp. tritici in the field in St. Paul, MN. In order to further characterize the resistance in these accessions, we obtained seedling phenotypes for 10 races of P. graminis f. sp. tritici, including two races from the race TTKSK complex. This phenotyping led to the identification of accessions with either adult-plant or all-stage resistance to race TTKSK, and often North American races of P graminis f. sp. tritici as well. These Ug99 resistant accessions can be obtained by breeders and introgressed into current breeding germplasm. C1 [Rouse, M. N.; Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, USDA, ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Wanyera, R.; Njau, P.] Natl Plant Breeding Res Ctr, Kenya Agr Res Inst, Njoro, Kenya. RP Jin, Y (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USDA, ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM Yue.Jin@ars.usda.gov RI Rouse, Matthew/G-5474-2011 FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; USAID; Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat FX Funding for this research was provided by United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, USAID, and Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat. We thank L. Wanschura and Sam Gale for technical assistance. NR 21 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 95 IS 6 BP 762 EP 766 DI 10.1094/PDIS-12-10-0940 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 767TN UT WOS:000290879700020 ER PT J AU Nyczepir, AP AF Nyczepir, A. P. TI HOST SUITABILITY OF AN ENDOPHYTE-FRIENDLY TALL FESCUE GRASS TO MESOCRICONEMA XENOPLAX AND PRATYLENCHUS VULNUS SO NEMATROPICA LA English DT Article DE Festuca arundinacea; host parasitic relationship; management; Mesocriconema xenoplax; Pratylenchus vulnus; resistance; tall fescue grass; Schedonorus arundinaceus ID NEMATODE CRICONEMELLA-XENOPLAX; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; SHORT-LIFE; PEACH ROOTSTOCK; POPULATION; COENOPHIALUM; LONGEVITY; PRUNUS; SOIL AB Tall fescue grass [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumont] cultivars with or without endophytes were evaluated for their susceptibility to Mesocriconema xenoplax and Pratylenchus vulnus in the greenhouse. Four tall fescue cultivars evaluated included, i) wild-type Jesup (E+, ergot-producing endophyte present), ii) endophyte-free Jesup (E-, no endophyte present), iii) Jesup (Max-Q, non-ergot producing endophyte) and iv) 'Georgia 5' (E+). Peach (susceptible Nemaguard rootstock) was included as the control. Nematode reproduction criteria were used in evaluating tall fescue susceptibility. Peach supported greater (P <= 0.05) reproduction of P. vulnus and M. xenoplax than all tall fescue cultivars. Furthermore, all tall fescue cultivars were rated as poor hosts for P. vulnus and good hosts for M. xenoplax based on nematode reproduction factor. It was also observed that root endophyte status was not related to nematode reproduction and host susceptibility. These results provide useful insights into the potential use of tall fescue grass as a preplant groundcover alternative to chemical control of P. vulnus. C1 USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Nyczepir, AP (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM andy.nyczepir@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU ORGANIZATION TROP AMER NEMATOLOGISTS PI AUBURN PA AUBURN UNIV DEPT PLANT PATHOLOGY, AUBURN, AL 36849 USA SN 0099-5444 J9 NEMATROPICA JI Nematropica PD JUN PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 45 EP 51 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 834MF UT WOS:000295964000006 ER PT J AU Moore, SR Lawrence, KS Arriaga, FJ Burmester, CH van Santen, E AF Moore, Scott R. Lawrence, Kathy S. Arriaga, Francisco J. Burmester, Charles H. van Santen, Edzard TI INFLUENCE OF WATER MOVEMENT AND ROOT GROWTH ON THE DOWNWARD DISPERSION OF ROTYLENCHULUS RENIFORMIS SO NEMATROPICA LA English DT Article DE behavior; cotton; root growth; Rotylenchulus reniformis ID COTTON AB Moore, S. R., K. S. Lawrence, F. J. Arriaga, C. H. Burmester, and E. van Santen. 2011. Influence of Water Movement and Root Growth on the Downward Dispersion of Rotylenchulus reniformis. Nematropica 41: 75-81. The presence of Rotylenchulus reniformis below the plow layer can have negative effects on cotton production by restricting the uptake of water and nutrients by roots in the lower soil horizons. Two trials were established in 7.62-cm diameter by 75-cm deep soil cores to determine 1) the effect of water movement on vertical translocation of R. reniformis, and 2) the role of root growth in the downward migration of R. reniformis. The water movement study consisted of three treatments of simulated rainfall amounts, 25-mm, 76-mm, and 127-mm, and no rainfall. Water movement minimally affected the movement of R. reniformis through the soil profile. Nematodes were observed to a depth of 30-cm after the 25-mm rain event. Rotylenchulus reniformis was detected to a depth of 45-cm following 76-mm of rainfall and to the maximum sampling depth of 75-cm following 127-mm of rainfall. Cotton roots reached the maximum depth of 75-cm at 60 days after planting (DAP). Vermiform life stages reached 75-cm at 45 DAP. Females colonized roots to a depth of 62-cm at 90 DAP. Cotton roots were observed to exhibit less growth when the numbers of females embedded in the roots was the highest. C1 [Moore, Scott R.; Lawrence, Kathy S.] Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Arriaga, Francisco J.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Burmester, Charles H.] Alabama Cooperat Extens Syst, Madison, AL 35756 USA. [van Santen, Edzard] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Moore, SR (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 49 PU ORGANIZATION TROP AMER NEMATOLOGISTS PI AUBURN PA AUBURN UNIV DEPT PLANT PATHOLOGY, AUBURN, AL 36849 USA SN 0099-5444 J9 NEMATROPICA JI Nematropica PD JUN PY 2011 VL 41 IS 1 BP 75 EP 81 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 834MF UT WOS:000295964000010 ER PT J AU Olson, LE Squires, JR DeCesare, NJ Kolbe, JA AF Olson, Lucretia E. Squires, John R. DeCesare, Nicholas J. Kolbe, Jay A. TI Den Use and Activity Patterns in Female Canada Lynx (Lynx canadensis) in the Northern Rocky Mountains SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MATERNAL-BEHAVIOR; WESTERN MONTANA; SNOWSHOE HARES; BREEDING DENS; EURASIAN LYNX; HABITAT USE; MOVEMENT; SELECTION; DISPERSAL; CARE AB Knowledge of female behavior while rearing young can have important implications for species conservation. We located dens and analyzed activity (defined as movement between consecutive GPS locations) for nine female lynx with kittens in the north-central Rocky Mountains in 2005 and 2007. We used GPS tracking collars to quantify the percentage of time a female spent active and her daily distance traveled for each of three reproductive stages, classified as predenning, denning, and postdenning. We also described the use and placement of maternal dens for these females. Female lynx in our study used one to six dens per breeding season, and increased both frequency of den relocation and distance between dens as kittens matured. Females typically left the den twice a day, and were gone for an average of five hours at a time. Females were active for 56% of a given 24 hour period during predenning, 48% during denning, and 61% during postdenning. Females traveled greater distances in 24 hours during predenning than denning. We conclude that reproductive female lynx alter the amount of time they spend active and daily distance traveled based on reproductive status. C1 [Olson, Lucretia E.; Squires, John R.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [DeCesare, Nicholas J.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Kolbe, Jay A.] Montana Fish Wildlife & Parks, Seeley Lake, MT 59868 USA. RP Olson, LE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 800 E Beckwith, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. EM lucretia.o@gmail.com FU Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, MT; Region 1, U. S. Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management FX We thank John Laundre, Ron Moen, David Turner, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments on previous versions of the manuscript. Research was funded by the Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, MT, in cooperation with Region 1, U. S. Forest Service and the Bureau of Land Management. Logistical support was provided by the Seeley Lake District, Lolo National Forest and the Rexford District, Kootenai National Forest. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 26 PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC PI SEATTLE PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA SN 0029-344X J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD SUM PY 2011 VL 85 IS 3 BP 455 EP 462 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 832PD UT WOS:000295816100003 ER PT J AU DeMeo, T AF DeMeo, Tom TI Moving Towards a New Social Contract for Managing Federal Lands SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Forest Serv, Portland, OR USA. RP DeMeo, T (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Portland, OR USA. EM tdemeo@fs.fed.us NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC PI SEATTLE PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA SN 0029-344X J9 NORTHWEST SCI JI Northwest Sci. PD SUM PY 2011 VL 85 IS 3 BP 502 EP 503 PG 2 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 832PD UT WOS:000295816100009 ER PT J AU Zhang, SJ Midthune, D Guenther, PM Krebs-Smith, SM Kipnis, V Dodd, KW Buckman, DW Tooze, JA Freedman, L Carroll, RJ AF Zhang, Saijuan Midthune, Douglas Guenther, Patricia M. Krebs-Smith, Susan M. Kipnis, Victor Dodd, Kevin W. Buckman, Dennis W. Tooze, Janet A. Freedman, Laurence Carroll, Raymond J. TI A NEW MULTIVARIATE MEASUREMENT ERROR MODEL WITH ZERO-INFLATED DIETARY DATA, AND ITS APPLICATION TO DIETARY ASSESSMENT SO ANNALS OF APPLIED STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE Bayesian methods; dietary assessment; Latent variables; measurement error; mixed models; nutritional epidemiology; nutritional surveillance; zero-inflated data ID HEALTHY EATING INDEX-2005; EPISODICALLY CONSUMED FOODS; REGRESSION CALIBRATION; DENSITY-ESTIMATION; DECONVOLUTION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PERFORMANCE; VARIABLES; CANCER; SIMEX AB In the United States the preferred method of obtaining dietary intake data is the 24-hour dietary recall, yet the measure of most interest is usual or long-term average daily intake, which is impossible to measure. Thus, usual dietary intake is assessed with considerable measurement error. Also, diet represents numerous foods, nutrients and other components, each of which have distinctive attributes. Sometimes, it is useful to examine intake of these components separately, but increasingly nutritionists are interested in exploring them collectively to capture overall dietary patterns. Consumption of these components varies widely: some are consumed daily by almost everyone on every day, while others are episodically consumed so that 24-hour recall data are zero-inflated. In addition, they are often correlated with each other. Finally, it is often preferable to analyze the amount of a dietary component relative to the amount of energy (calories) in a diet because dietary recommendations often vary with energy level. The quest to understand overall dietary patterns of usual intake has to this point reached a standstill. There are no statistical methods or models available to model such complex multivariate data with its measurement error and zero inflation. This paper proposes the first such model, and it proposes the first workable solution to fit such a model. After describing the model, we use survey-weighted MCMC computations to fit the model, with uncertainty estimation coming from balanced repeated replication. The methodology is illustrated through an application to estimating the population distribution of the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005), a multi-component dietary quality index involving ratios of interrelated dietary components to energy, among children aged 2-8 in the United States. We pose a number of interesting questions about the HEI-2005 and provide answers that were not previously within the realm of possibility, and we indicate ways that our approach can be used to answer other questions of importance to nutritional science and public health. C1 [Guenther, Patricia M.] USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Alexandria, VA 22302 USA. [Buckman, Dennis W.] Informat Management Serv Inc, Silver Spring, MD 20904 USA. [Freedman, Laurence] Sheba Med Ctr, Gertner Inst Epidemiol & Hlth Policy Res, IL-52161 Tel Hashomer, Israel. [Midthune, Douglas; Kipnis, Victor; Dodd, Kevin W.] NCI, Canc Prevent Div, Biometry Res Grp, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Krebs-Smith, Susan M.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Appl Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Tooze, Janet A.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biostat Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Carroll, Raymond J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Stat, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Zhang, SJ (reprint author), Merck & Co Inc, 126 E Lincoln Ave,POB 2000,RY34-A316, Rahway, NJ 07065 USA. EM saijuan.zhang@merck.com; midthund@mail.nih.gov; Patricia.Guenther@cnpp.usda.gov; krebssms@mail.nih.gov; kipnisv@mail.nih.gov; doddk@mail.nih.gov; BuckmanD@imsweb.com; jtooze@wfubmc.edu; lsf@actcom.co.il; carroll@stat.tamu.edu FU National Science Foundation [0922866]; National Cancer Institute [CA57030] FX Supported by National Science Foundation Instrumentation Grant number 0922866.; Supported by a Grant from the National Cancer Institute (CA57030). NR 39 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 14 PU INST MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS PI CLEVELAND PA 3163 SOMERSET DR, CLEVELAND, OH 44122 USA SN 1932-6157 J9 ANN APPL STAT JI Ann. Appl. Stat. PD JUN PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2B BP 1456 EP 1487 DI 10.1214/10-AOAS446 PG 32 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA 827UJ UT WOS:000295453900015 PM 21804910 ER PT J AU Abbas, H Horn, B Weaver, M Jin, X Abel, C Shier, WT AF Abbas, H. Horn, B. Weaver, M. Jin, X. Abel, C. Shier, W. T. TI Reduction of aflatoxins, cyclopiazonic acid and fumonisins in corn by biocontrol strains of non-aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Abbas, H.] USDA ARS CG & PRU, Stoneville, MS USA. [Horn, B.] ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, Dawson, GA USA. [Weaver, M.; Jin, X.] USDA ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Abel, C.] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [Shier, W. T.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Med Chem, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S1 EP S1 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400003 ER PT J AU Abd-Elmagid, AW Garrido, P Hunger, RM Melouk, HA Arif, M Garzon, CD AF Abd-Elmagid, A. W. Garrido, P. Hunger, R. M. Melouk, H. A. Arif, M. Garzon, C. D. TI Multiplex PCR for four Sclerotinia species SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Melouk, H. A.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, USDA ARS, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S2 EP S2 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400006 ER PT J AU Al Rwahnih, M Osman, F Sudarshana, MR Uyemoto, JK Rowhani, A AF Al Rwahnih, M. Osman, F. Sudarshana, M. R. Uyemoto, J. K. Rowhani, A. TI Detection of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 7 using Real-time (R) qRT-PCR and conventional RT-PCR SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Al Rwahnih, M.; Osman, F.; Rowhani, A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Sudarshana, M. R.; Uyemoto, J. K.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S4 EP S4 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400018 ER PT J AU Alananbeh, KM Gudmestad, NC Gulya, TJ Markell, S AF Alananbeh, K. M. Gudmestad, N. C. Gulya, T. J. Markell, S. TI Determination of presumptive vegetative compatibility groups of Verticillium dahliae occurring on sunflower using molecular markers SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Alananbeh, K. M.; Gudmestad, N. C.; Markell, S.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Gulya, T. J.] ARS, USDA, NCSL, Fargo, ND USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S4 EP S4 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400021 ER PT J AU Alcala, AC Paulitz, TC Porter, LD du Toit, LJ AF Alcala, A. C. Paulitz, T. C. Porter, L. D. du Toit, L. J. TI Profile of Pythium spp. in certified organic fields for vegetable production in central Washington SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Alcala, A. C.; du Toit, L. J.] Washington State Univ Mt Vernon NWREC, Mt Vernon, IA USA. [Paulitz, T. C.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Porter, L. D.] USDA ARS, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S4 EP S5 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400022 ER PT J AU Ammar, E Shatters, RG Hall, DG AF Ammar, E. Shatters, R. G. Hall, D. G. TI Localization of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus associated with huanglongbing in various organs of its psyllid vector using FISH and Q-PCR SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ammar, E.; Shatters, R. G.; Hall, D. G.] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S6 EP S6 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400032 ER PT J AU Ammar, E Walter, AJ Hall, DG AF Ammar, E. Walter, A. J. Hall, D. G. TI A new detached-leaf assay to test the inoculativity of psyllids with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus associated with huanglongbing disease SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ammar, E.; Walter, A. J.; Hall, D. G.] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL USA. RI Walter, Abigail/F-5574-2012 OI Walter, Abigail/0000-0003-1388-3706 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S6 EP S6 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400033 ER PT J AU Anders, M Brooks, S Yeater, K AF Anders, M. Brooks, S. Yeater, K. TI Influences from long-term crop rotation, soil tillage and fertility on the severity of rice grain smuts SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Anders, M.] Univ Arkansas, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Brooks, S.] RiceTec Inc, Alvin, TX USA. [Yeater, K.] ARS, USDA, College Stn, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S7 EP S7 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400035 ER PT J AU Atallah, ZK Maruthachalam, K Radmer, LE Martin, FN Klosterman, SJ Subbarao, KV AF Atallah, Z. K. Maruthachalam, K. Radmer, L. E. Martin, F. N. Klosterman, S. J. Subbarao, K. V. TI Analyses of nuclear and mitochondrial sequences reveal an ancient split in the evolutionary history of Verticillium dahliae SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Atallah, Z. K.; Maruthachalam, K.; Subbarao, K. V.] Univ Calif Davis, Salinas, CA USA. [Radmer, L. E.; Martin, F. N.; Klosterman, S. J.] ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S10 EP S10 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400055 ER PT J AU Attanayake, RN Jiang, DH del Rio, ML Chen, W AF Attanayake, R. N. Jiang, D. H. del Rio, M. L. Chen, W. TI Genetic diversity and population differentiation of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum collected from canola in China and in USA SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Attanayake, R. N.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Jiang, D. H.] Huazhong Agr Univ, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [del Rio, M. L.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Chen, W.] ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S10 EP S11 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400057 ER PT J AU Azarmanesh, N Bond, JP Vick, A Mengistu, A Fakhoury, AM AF Azarmanesh, N. Bond, J. P. Vick, A. Mengistu, A. Fakhoury, A. M. TI A qPCR assay to detect and quantify Macrophomina phaseolina in soybean roots SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Azarmanesh, N.; Bond, J. P.; Vick, A.; Fakhoury, A. M.] So Illinois Univ, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Mengistu, A.] ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Jackson, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S11 EP S12 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400063 ER PT J AU Bacon, CW Hinton, DM Mitchell, T Snook, ME AF Bacon, C. W. Hinton, D. M. Mitchell, T. Snook, M. E. TI Surfactin A isoforms characterizations in strains of Bacillus mojavensis for control of a maize pathogen, Fusarium verticillioides SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hinton, D. M.; Mitchell, T.; Snook, M. E.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S12 EP S12 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400066 ER PT J AU Bailey, BA Crozier, J Strem, MD Melnick, RL Zhang, D Maximova, S Guiltinan, MJ Meinhardt, L AF Bailey, B. A. Crozier, J. Strem, M. D. Melnick, R. L. Zhang, D. Maximova, S. Guiltinan, M. J. Meinhardt, L. TI Statistical tools useful in characterizing the molecular response of cacao to Moniliophthora roreri infection SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Maximova, S.; Guiltinan, M. J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Hort, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Bailey, B. A.; Strem, M. D.; Melnick, R. L.; Zhang, D.; Meinhardt, L.] ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, Inst Plant Sci, USDA,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S272 EP S272 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045402040 ER PT J AU Bandyopadhyay, R Cotty, PJ AF Bandyopadhyay, R. Cotty, P. J. TI Advances in integrated aflatoxin management in Africa SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bandyopadhyay, R.] Int Inst Trop Agr, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Cotty, P. J.] USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S225 EP S225 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401731 ER PT J AU Baumgartner, K Travadon, R Rolshausen, P Gubler, D Sosnowski, M Lecomte, P Halleen, F Peros, J AF Baumgartner, K. Travadon, R. Rolshausen, P. Gubler, D. Sosnowski, M. Lecomte, P. Halleen, F. Peros, J. TI Population genetics of Eutypa lata in the major grape-growing regions of the world and historical patterns of viticulture SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Baumgartner, K.] ARS, USDA, Davis, CA USA. [Travadon, R.; Gubler, D.] Univ Calif, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA USA. [Rolshausen, P.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Sosnowski, M.] S Australian Res & Dev Inst, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Lecomte, P.] INRA, UMR Sante Vegetale, Villenave Dornon, France. [Halleen, F.] ARC Infruitec Nietvoorbij, Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Peros, J.] INRA, UMR DIAPC, F-34060 Montpellier, France. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S14 EP S14 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400077 ER PT J AU Beirn, LA Njambere, EN Zhang, N Clarke, BB Crouch, J AF Beirn, L. A. Njambere, E. N. Zhang, N. Clarke, B. B. Crouch, J. TI Turfgrass diagnostics and new, advanced technologies SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Beirn, L. A.; Njambere, E. N.; Zhang, N.; Clarke, B. B.] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Crouch, J.] ARS, USDA, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RI Zhang, Ning/K-3046-2012 OI Zhang, Ning/0000-0003-0755-2505 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S211 EP S211 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401650 ER PT J AU Beirn, LA Clarke, BB Crouch, J AF Beirn, L. A. Clarke, B. B. Crouch, J. TI Detection of Colletotrichum cereale specimens from modern and historical collections using culture-independent, real-time PCR methods SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Beirn, L. A.; Clarke, B. B.] Rutgers State Univ, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Crouch, J.] ARS, USDA, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S14 EP S14 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400080 ER PT J AU Berner, DK Cavin, CA AF Berner, D. K. Cavin, C. A. TI Leaf anthracnose, a new disease of swallow-worts from Russia SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Berner, D. K.; Cavin, C. A.] ARS, USDA, FDWSRU, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S272 EP S272 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045402041 ER PT J AU Bhat, RG Schmidt, LS Browne, GT AF Bhat, R. G. Schmidt, L. S. Browne, G. T. TI Quantification of Cylindrocarpon sp in roots of almond and peach trees from orchards affected by Prunus replant disease SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bhat, R. G.] Univ Calif, Davis, CA USA. [Schmidt, L. S.; Browne, G. T.] ARS, USDA, Davis, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S15 EP S15 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400084 ER PT J AU Blair, JE Coffey, MD Martin, F AF Blair, J. E. Coffey, M. D. Martin, F. TI Gene trees versus species trees for resolving the Phytophthora Clade 1C phylogeny SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Blair, J. E.] Franklin & Marshall Coll, Lancaster, PA 17604 USA. [Coffey, M. D.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Martin, F.] ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S16 EP S16 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400091 ER PT J AU Block, CC Shepherd, L Munkvold, G AF Block, C. C. Shepherd, L. Munkvold, G. TI Comparison of nine PCR primer sets designed to detect Pantoea stewartii subsp stewartii in maize SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Block, C. C.] ARS, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Shepherd, L.; Munkvold, G.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S16 EP S16 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400092 ER PT J AU Bock, CH Brenneman, TB Hotchkiss, MW Wood, BW AF Bock, C. H. Brenneman, T. B. Hotchkiss, M. W. Wood, B. W. TI Evaluation of phosphite to control scab on pecan in the southeastern USA SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bock, C. H.; Hotchkiss, M. W.; Wood, B. W.] ARS, USDA, SEFTNRL, Byron, GA USA. [Brenneman, T. B.] Univ Georgia, Tifton, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S17 EP S17 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400098 ER PT J AU Bock, CH Gottwald, TR Graham, JH AF Bock, C. H. Gottwald, T. R. Graham, J. H. TI Activity of citrus canker lesions on leaves, shoots and fruit of grapefruit in a Florida orchard from June 2010 to January 2011 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bock, C. H.] ARS, USDA, SEFTNRL, Byron, GA USA. [Gottwald, T. R.] ARS, USDA, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Graham, J. H.] Univ Florida, Lake Alfred, FL USA. RI Graham, James/B-7049-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S17 EP S17 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400097 ER PT J AU Bottger, JA Creamer, R Gardner, D AF Bottger, J. Achata Creamer, R. Gardner, D. TI Comparison of endophytic Undifilum DNA and swainsonine content on locoweeds SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bottger, J. Achata; Creamer, R.] NMSU, Las Cruces, NM USA. [Gardner, D.] USDA ARS, Logan, UT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S2 EP S2 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400008 ER PT J AU Brandl, MT AF Brandl, M. T. TI Transcriptomic insights into the interaction of E-coli O157:H7 with lettuce SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Brandl, M. T.] USDA ARS, Albany, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S212 EP S212 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401656 ER PT J AU Britton, KO Parke, JL Garrett, LJ Lowenstein, F Nuding, A AF Britton, K. O. Parke, J. L. Garrett, L. J. Lowenstein, F. Nuding, A. TI Pest interceptions on live plants at US ports of entry: A system overwhelmed SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Britton, K. O.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Res & Dev, Arlington, VA USA. [Parke, J. L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Garrett, L. J.] USDA APHIS, PPQ, CPHST, Plant Epidemiol & Risk Assessment Lab, Raleigh, NC USA. [Lowenstein, F.] Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA USA. [Nuding, A.] Western Resource Advocates, Boulder, CO USA. RI Parke, Jennifer/H-8464-2014 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S20 EP S20 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400113 ER PT J AU Brown, MJ Melouk, HA Hunger, RM AF Brown, M. J. Melouk, H. A. Hunger, R. M. TI Effect of post-inoculation relative humidity on peanut infection by Sclerotinia minor SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Melouk, H. A.] Oklahoma State Univ, USDA, ARS, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S20 EP S20 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400115 ER PT J AU Brown, R Chen, Z Warburton, M Luo, M Menkir, A Fakhoury, A Bhatnagar, D AF Brown, R. Chen, Z. Warburton, M. Luo, M. Menkir, A. Fakhoury, A. Bhatnagar, D. TI Proteins associated with aflatoxin-resistance are identified and characterized towards candidacy for breeding markers SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Brown, R.; Bhatnagar, D.] ARS, USDA, SRRC, New Orleans, LA USA. [Chen, Z.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Warburton, M.] USDA ARS Mississippi State, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Luo, M.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Menkir, A.] Int Inst Trop Agr, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Fakhoury, A.] So Illinois Univ, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S21 EP S21 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400119 ER PT J AU Bruns, T Proctor, R Munkvold, G AF Bruns, T. Proctor, R. Munkvold, G. TI The role of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium verticillioides and Fusarium graminearum in maize seedling infection SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bruns, T.; Munkvold, G.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Proctor, R.] USDA, Peoria, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S22 EP S22 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400123 ER PT J AU Bulluck, R Kepich, DJ Baldauf, PM Kelly, MK Jones, JM Demarino, YM AF Bulluck, R. Kepich, D. J. Baldauf, P. M. Kelly, M. K. Jones, J. M. Demarino, Y. M. TI The use of field bioassay to facilitate the deregulation of fields formerly infested with Globodera rostochiensis in New York SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bulluck, R.] Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol CPHST, US Dept Agr USDA, Anim Plant Hlth Inspect Serv APHIS, Plant Protect Ad Quarantine PPQ, Raleigh, NC USA. [Kepich, D. J.; Baldauf, P. M.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Avoca, NY USA. [Kelly, M. K.] New York State Dept Agr & Markets NYDAM, Div Plant Ind DPI, Albany, NY USA. [Jones, J. M.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Riverdale, MD USA. [Demarino, Y. M.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Albany, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S22 EP S23 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400128 ER PT J AU Byamukama, EZ Tatineni, S Hein, GL Wegulo, SN AF Byamukama, E. Z. Tatineni, S. Hein, G. L. Wegulo, S. N. TI Co-inoculation of wheat with Triticum mosaic virus and Wheat streak mosaic virus exacerbates loss of fresh and dry matter SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hein, G. L.] Univ Nebraska, Plant Hlth Program, Lincoln, NE USA. [Tatineni, S.] ARS, USDA, Lincoln, NE USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S24 EP S24 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400135 ER PT J AU Caesar, A Caesar-TonThat, T AF Caesar, A. Caesar-TonThat, T. TI The impact of plant pathogens on post-weed biocontrol restoration SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Caesar, A.; Caesar-TonThat, T.] ARS, USDA, Sidney, MT USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S24 EP S24 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400137 ER PT J AU Caesar-Tonthat, T Lartey, RL Shelver, WL Caesar, AJ Hanson, SL AF Caesar-Tonthat, T. Lartey, R. L. Shelver, W. L. Caesar, A. J. Hanson, S. L. TI Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Pyrenophora teres in soil SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Caesar-Tonthat, T.; Lartey, R. L.; Caesar, A. J.; Hanson, S. L.] ARS, USDA, Sidney, MT USA. [Shelver, W. L.] ARS, USDA, Fargo, ND USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S24 EP S24 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400138 ER PT J AU Calla, B Neece, D Blahut-Beatty, L Koziol, L Simmonds, D Clough, S AF Calla, B. Neece, D. Blahut-Beatty, L. Koziol, L. Simmonds, D. Clough, S. TI Identification of a soybean G-protein coupled receptor and its role in plant defense responses SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Calla, B.] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Neece, D.; Clough, S.] ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL USA. [Blahut-Beatty, L.; Koziol, L.; Simmonds, D.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S25 EP S25 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400143 ER PT J AU Campbell, JB Giroux, MJ Jin, Y Chen, X Huang, L AF Campbell, J. B. Giroux, M. J. Jin, Y. Chen, X. Huang, L. TI Novel rust resistance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Campbell, J. B.; Giroux, M. J.; Huang, L.] Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, USDA, ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chen, X.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS Wheat Genet, Physiol Qual & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S25 EP S25 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400144 ER PT J AU Canaday, CH Donald, P Mengistu, A AF Canaday, C. H. Donald, P. Mengistu, A. TI Increases in snap bean and soybean seedling diseases associated with a chloride salt and changes in the micro-partitioning of tap root calcium SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Canaday, C. H.] Univ Tennessee, Jackson, TN USA. [Donald, P.; Mengistu, A.] ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Jackson, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S26 EP S26 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400148 ER PT J AU Carey, AB Pusey, P Smith, TJ Loper, JE Stockwell, V AF Carey, A. B. Pusey, P. Smith, T. J. Loper, J. E. Stockwell, V. TI Plasmid content of Erwinia amylovora isolates from orchards in Washington and Oregon SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Carey, A. B.; Stockwell, V.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Pusey, P.] ARS, USDA, Wenatchee, WA USA. [Smith, T. J.] Washington State Univ, Wenatchee, WA USA. [Loper, J. E.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S26 EP S26 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400151 ER PT J AU Castell-Miller, CV Dornbusch, MR Samac, DA AF Castell-Miller, C. V. Dornbusch, M. R. Samac, D. A. TI Multilocus analysis of Phoma sclerotioides isolates from Minnesota SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Castell-Miller, C. V.; Dornbusch, M. R.; Samac, D. A.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S29 EP S29 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400166 ER PT J AU Castell-Miller, CV Tu, Z Vance, CP Samac, DA AF Castell-Miller, C. V. Tu, Z. Vance, C. P. Samac, D. A. TI Assembling and exploring the Cochliobolus miyabeanus genome of a strain pathogenic on wildrice (Zizania palustris) SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Castell-Miller, C. V.; Vance, C. P.; Samac, D. A.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN USA. [Tu, Z.] Univ Minnesota, Inst Supercomp, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S29 EP S29 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400167 ER PT J AU Chamberlin, K Melouk, H AF Chamberlin, K. Melouk, H. TI Characterization of the ICRISAT mini-core peanut germplasm collection regarding Sclerotinia blight resistance and oleic acid composition SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chamberlin, K.; Melouk, H.] ARS, USDA, Stillwater, OK USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S30 EP S30 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400172 ER PT J AU Champaco, ER Tavantzis, S Larkin, RP de los Reyes, B AF Champaco, E. R. Tavantzis, S. Larkin, R. P. de los Reyes, B. TI The effect of biological control practices on inducible defense genes and metabolic genes in field-cultivated potato plants SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Champaco, E. R.; Tavantzis, S.; de los Reyes, B.] Univ Maine, Orono, ME USA. [Larkin, R. P.] ARS, USDA, Orono, ME USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S30 EP S30 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400173 ER PT J AU Chellemi, D Rosskopf, EN Kokalis-Burelle, N AF Chellemi, D. Rosskopf, E. N. Kokalis-Burelle, N. TI Host plant and substrate mediated shifts in soil microbial community composition in microplots simulating transitional organic production systems SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chellemi, D.; Rosskopf, E. N.; Kokalis-Burelle, N.] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S32 EP S32 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400186 ER PT J AU Chen, J Huang, H AF Chen, J. Huang, H. TI Searching for small RNAs in Xylella fastidiosa genomes SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chen, J.] ARS, USDA, PWA, Parlier, CA USA. [Huang, H.] Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S34 EP S35 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400200 ER PT J AU Cheng, P Chen, X AF Cheng, P. Chen, X. TI Development of expressed sequence tag-derived SSR markers for Puccinia striiformis, the stripe rust pathogen SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cheng, P.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X.] ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S35 EP S35 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400202 ER PT J AU Choudhary, N Roy, A Leon, GA Levy, L Brlansky, RH AF Choudhary, N. Roy, A. Leon, G. A. Levy, L. Brlansky, R. H. TI Detection of Citrus leprosis virus cytoplasmic type utilizing the polyclonal antibodies specific to the movement and coat proteins SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Choudhary, N.; Roy, A.; Brlansky, R. H.] Univ Florida, Lake Alfred, FL USA. [Leon, G. A.] CILA Libertad, CORPOICA, Villavicencio Meta, Colombia. [Levy, L.] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S36 EP S37 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400212 ER PT J AU Cisneros, F Redinbaugh, M AF Cisneros, F. Redinbaugh, M. TI Optimization of Maize fine streak virus (MFSV) protein expression in Drosophila S2 cells SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Redinbaugh, M.] Ohio State Univ, USDA, ARS, Wooster, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S37 EP S37 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400217 ER PT J AU Conaway, SA Shea, K Berner, DK Backman, PA AF Conaway, S. A. Shea, K. Berner, D. K. Backman, P. A. TI Dispersal, infection and resistance factors affecting biological control of Canada thistle by Puccinia punctiformis SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Conaway, S. A.; Backman, P. A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Shea, K.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Berner, D. K.] ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, USDA, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RI Shea, Katriona/B-7954-2008 OI Shea, Katriona/0000-0002-7607-8248 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S258 EP S258 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401895 ER PT J AU Copes, WE AF Copes, W. E. TI Rhizoctonia web blight development on azalea in relation to duration of leaf wetness SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Copes, W. E.] ARS, USDA, Poplarville, MS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S39 EP S39 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400228 ER PT J AU Crane, J Bergstrom, G Gibson, D AF Crane, J. Bergstrom, G. Gibson, D. TI Ecology of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on wheat florets in relation to biological control of Fusarium head blight SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gibson, D.] Cornell Univ, USDA, ARS, Ithaca, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S39 EP S40 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400230 ER PT J AU Cruz, CD Bockus, W Pedley, K Peterson, G Stack, J Tang, X Valent, B AF Cruz, C. D. Bockus, W. Pedley, K. Peterson, G. Stack, J. Tang, X. Valent, B. TI Resistance among US wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars to the wheat pathotypeof Magnaporthe oryzae SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cruz, C. D.; Bockus, W.; Stack, J.; Tang, X.; Valent, B.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Pedley, K.; Peterson, G.] ARS, USDA, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RI Cruz, Celia/K-3977-2013 OI Cruz, Celia/0000-0001-8922-5713 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S220 EP S220 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401703 ER PT J AU Cruz, CD Bockus, WW Pedley, K Peterson, G Stack, J Tang, X Valent, B AF Cruz, C. D. Bockus, W. W. Pedley, K. Peterson, G. Stack, J. Tang, X. Valent, B. TI Standardization of protocols to test wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for reaction to blast in a biocontainment laboratory SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cruz, C. D.; Bockus, W. W.; Stack, J.; Tang, X.; Valent, B.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Pedley, K.; Peterson, G.] ARS, USDA, Ft Detrick, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S40 EP S40 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400231 ER PT J AU Cuomo, C Szabo, LJ Grabherr, M Mauceli, E Young, S Zeng, Q Sakthikumar, S Bharti, A Farmer, AD Crow, JA Ramaraj, T Bakkeren, G Fellers, J Katagiri, F Glazebrook, J Tsuda, Y Stoddard, TJ Tsuda, K Chen, X Yin, C Hulbert, S AF Cuomo, C. Szabo, L. J. Grabherr, M. Mauceli, E. Young, S. Zeng, Q. Sakthikumar, S. Bharti, A. Farmer, A. D. Crow, J. A. Ramaraj, T. Bakkeren, G. Fellers, J. Katagiri, F. Glazebrook, J. Tsuda, Y. Stoddard, T. J. Tsuda, K. Chen, X. Yin, C. Hulbert, S. TI New insights into the obligate biotrophic lifestyle of rust fungi through comparative genomics SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cuomo, C.; Grabherr, M.; Mauceli, E.; Young, S.; Zeng, Q.; Sakthikumar, S.] Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA USA. [Szabo, L. J.] ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN USA. [Bharti, A.; Farmer, A. D.; Crow, J. A.; Ramaraj, T.] Natl Ctr Genom Res, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Bakkeren, G.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Summerland, BC, Canada. [Fellers, J.] ARS, USDA, Manhattan, KS USA. [Katagiri, F.; Glazebrook, J.; Tsuda, Y.; Stoddard, T. J.; Tsuda, K.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chen, X.] ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA USA. [Yin, C.; Hulbert, S.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S208 EP S208 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401635 ER PT J AU Davis, RE Zhao, Y Dally, EL Jomantiene, R Lee, I Kitajima, EW AF Davis, R. E. Zhao, Y. Dally, E. L. Jomantiene, R. Lee, I. Kitajima, E. W. TI Previously undescribed phytoplasmas in diseased plants of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa Deg.) SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kitajima, E. W.] Escola Super Agr Luis Dequeiroz, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Jomantiene, R.] Nat Res Ctr, Phytovirus Lab, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Davis, R. E.; Zhao, Y.; Dally, E. L.; Lee, I.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RI Kitajima, Elliot/C-2764-2012 OI Kitajima, Elliot/0000-0002-9138-2918 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S272 EP S272 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045402042 ER PT J AU Davis, RF AF Davis, R. F. TI Utilizing nematode resistance in cotton production SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Davis, R. F.] ARS, USDA, Tifton, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S265 EP S265 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045402007 ER PT J AU Deahl, KL AF Deahl, K. L. TI The occurrence of late blight in 2010 following the 2009 epidemic SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Deahl, K. L.] ARS, USDA, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S41 EP S41 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400239 ER PT J AU Deng, X Chen, J Lopes, S Wang, X Sun, X Jones, D Irey, MS Civerolo, E AF Deng, X. Chen, J. Lopes, S. Wang, X. Sun, X. Jones, D. Irey, M. S. Civerolo, E. TI Comparison of "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus" populations from Brazil, China, and US at two non-related genomic loci SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Deng, X.] S China Agr Univ, Gurangzhou, Peoples R China. [Chen, J.] ARS, USDA, PWA, Parlier, CA USA. [Lopes, S.] Fundecitrus, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Wang, X.] Chinese Acad Agr Aciences, Citrus Res Inst, Chongqing, Peoples R China. [Sun, X.] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Gainesville, FL USA. [Jones, D.] Div Plant Ind DOACS, Gainesville, FL USA. [Irey, M. S.] US Sugar Corp, Clewiston, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S41 EP S42 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400242 ER PT J AU Desouza, SP Bolton, M Khan, M AF Desouza, S. Pooran Bolton, M. Khan, M. TI Depth at which Rhizoctonia solani causes infection of sugar beet SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Desouza, S. Pooran; Khan, M.] NDSU, Fargo, ND USA. [Bolton, M.] USDA, Fargo, ND USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S246 EP S246 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401842 ER PT J AU Desouza, SP Bolton, M Khan, M AF Desouza, S. Pooran Bolton, M. Khan, M. TI Method and timing of azoxystrobin application to control Rhizoctonia root rot of sugar beet SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Desouza, S. Pooran; Khan, M.] NDSU, Fargo, ND USA. [Bolton, M.] USDA, Fargo, ND USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S245 EP S246 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401841 ER PT J AU Ding, Y Wu, W Wei, W Lee, I Davis, RE Zhao, Y AF Ding, Y. Wu, W. Wei, W. Lee, I. Davis, R. E. Zhao, Y. TI An investigation into homeostasis of gibberellin in potato purple top phytoplasma-infected tomato plants SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ding, Y.; Wu, W.; Wei, W.; Lee, I.; Davis, R. E.; Zhao, Y.] ARS, MPPL, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S272 EP S273 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045402043 ER PT J AU Doddapaneni, H Saponari, M Giampetruzzi, A Loconsole, G Saldarelli, P Yokomi, RK AF Doddapaneni, H. Saponari, M. Giampetruzzi, A. Loconsole, G. Saldarelli, P. Yokomi, R. K. TI Citrus-CTV molecular interactions: What is the host side of the story? SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Doddapaneni, H.] Univ Iowa, Dept Biol, Carver Ctr Genom, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Saponari, M.; Saldarelli, P.] CNR, Inst Plant Virol, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Giampetruzzi, A.; Loconsole, G.] Univ Bari, Fac Agr, Bari, Italy. [Yokomi, R. K.] ARS, USDA, Parlier, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S43 EP S44 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400253 ER PT J AU Donnua, S Paradornuwat, A Sechler, A Schaad, N Chowpongpang, S Thaveechai, N AF Donnua, S. Paradornuwat, A. Sechler, A. Schaad, N. Chowpongpang, S. Thaveechai, N. TI Genetic diversity of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus strains from Thailand based on DnaA and TufB genes SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Donnua, S.; Paradornuwat, A.; Chowpongpang, S.; Thaveechai, N.] Kasetsart Univ, Bangkok, Thailand. [Sechler, A.; Schaad, N.] ARS, FDWSRU, USDA, Ft Detrick, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S44 EP S44 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400257 ER PT J AU Dudley, NS Jones, T James, RL Cannon, P Sneizko, R Rushanaedy, I Borthakur, D AF Dudley, N. S. Jones, T. James, R. L. Cannon, P. Sneizko, R. Rushanaedy, I. Borthakur, D. TI Disease resistance screening for Koa wilt disease SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dudley, N. S.] Hawaii Agr Res Ctr, Kunia, HI USA. [Jones, T.; Rushanaedy, I.; Borthakur, D.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Mol Biosci & Bioengn, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [James, R. L.] US Forest Serv, Vancouver, WA USA. [Cannon, P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Vallejo, CA USA. [Sneizko, R.] Dorena Genet Resource Ctr, Cottage Grove, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S216 EP S216 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401677 ER PT J AU Duffy, B Kamber, T Rezzonico, F Llop, P Ishimaru, CA Pusey, P Stockwell, VO Smits, TH AF Duffy, B. Kamber, T. Rezzonico, F. Llop, P. Ishimaru, C. A. Pusey, P. Stockwell, V. O. Smits, T. H. TI Pantoea applied genomics to understand and improve biocontrol activity against fire blight SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Llop, P.] IVIA Valencia Spain, Agroscope Changins Wadenswil ACW, Wadenswil, Switzerland. [Ishimaru, C. A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN USA. [Pusey, P.] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wennatchee, WA USA. [Stockwell, V. O.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S232 EP S232 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401767 ER PT J AU Dugan, FM Lupien, SL Chen, W AF Dugan, F. M. Lupien, S. L. Chen, W. TI Clonostachys rhizophaga can delay and reduce emergence of chickpea but does not consistently induce wilt in Washington State SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dugan, F. M.; Lupien, S. L.] ARS, USDA, WRPIS, Pullman, WA USA. [Chen, W.] USDA ARS Grain Legume Genet, Pullman, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S46 EP S46 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400267 ER PT J AU Dunkle, RL Dolezal, WE Chaky, JL Borchert, DM Russo, J Magarey, RD AF Dunkle, R. L. Dolezal, W. E. Chaky, J. L. Borchert, D. M. Russo, J. Magarey, R. D. TI Progress on Industry Pest Information Platform (iPIPE) SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dunkle, R. L.] Amer Seed Trade Assoc, Alexandria, VA USA. [Dolezal, W. E.; Chaky, J. L.] Pioneer Hibred Intl Inc, Johnston, IA USA. [Borchert, D. M.] USDA, APHIS, PPQ, CPHST,PERAL, Raleigh, NC USA. [Russo, J.] ZedX Inc, Bellefonte, PA USA. [Magarey, R. D.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S46 EP S46 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400269 ER PT J AU Duressa, D Rauscher, G Mou, B Hayes, R Koike, ST Maruthachalam, K Subbarao, KV Klosterman, SJ AF Duressa, D. Rauscher, G. Mou, B. Hayes, R. Koike, S. T. Maruthachalam, K. Subbarao, K. V. Klosterman, S. J. TI Development of a qPCR assay for quantification of Verticillium dahliae in spinach seed SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Duressa, D.; Mou, B.; Hayes, R.; Klosterman, S. J.] ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA USA. [Rauscher, G.] Pioneer Dupont, Wilmington, DE USA. [Koike, S. T.; Maruthachalam, K.; Subbarao, K. V.] Univ Calif Davis, Salinas, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S46 EP S46 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400270 ER PT J AU Edwards, MC Weiland, JJ AF Edwards, M. C. Weiland, J. J. TI Coat protein expression strategy of oat blue dwarf virus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Edwards, M. C.; Weiland, J. J.] ARS, USDA, Fargo, ND USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S47 EP S47 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400272 ER PT J AU Eskalen, A Lynch, SC Zambino, P Scott, T AF Eskalen, A. Lynch, S. C. Zambino, P. Scott, T. TI Fungal species associated with coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia) mortality in Southern California SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lynch, S. C.] Univ Calif Riverside, Ctr Conservat Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Scott, T.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Earth Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Eskalen, A.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Zambino, P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, San Bernardino, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S248 EP S248 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401852 ER PT J AU Eskandari, FM Bruckart, WL Widmer, TL AF Eskandari, F. M. Bruckart, W. L., III Widmer, T. L. TI Resting spores for long-term storage of Synchytrium solstitiale, a candidate for biological control of yellow starthistle SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Eskandari, F. M.; Bruckart, W. L., III; Widmer, T. L.] ARS, USDA, FDWSRU, Ft Detrick, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S273 EP S273 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045402044 ER PT J AU Espindola, AS Stobbe, AH Daniels, J Fletcher, J Garzon, CD Schneider, WL AF Espindola, A. S. Stobbe, A. H. Daniels, J. Fletcher, J. Garzon, C. D. Schneider, W. L. TI Design and validation of queries for the detection of Phytophthora ramorum in simulated metagenomes SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Espindola, A. S.; Stobbe, A. H.; Daniels, J.; Fletcher, J.; Garzon, C. D.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Schneider, W. L.] ARS, Foreign Disease Weed Sci Res Unit, USDA, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RI Espindola, Andres/A-5056-2016 OI Espindola, Andres/0000-0002-9658-0673 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S50 EP S50 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400292 ER PT J AU Espindola, AS Stobbe, AH Daniels, J Fletcher, J Garzon, CD Schneider, WL AF Espindola, A. S. Stobbe, A. H. Daniels, J. Fletcher, J. Garzon, C. D. Schneider, W. L. TI Design and validation of queries for the detection of Puccinia graminis in simulated metagenomes SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Espindola, A. S.; Stobbe, A. H.; Daniels, J.; Fletcher, J.; Garzon, C. D.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Schneider, W. L.] ARS, Foreign Disease Weed Sci Res Unit, USDA, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RI Espindola, Andres/A-5056-2016 OI Espindola, Andres/0000-0002-9658-0673 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S50 EP S50 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400293 ER PT J AU Firpo, PDO Jin, Y Badebo, A Xu, S Klindworth, D AF Firpo, P. D. Olivera Jin, Y. Badebo, A. Xu, S. Klindworth, D. TI Resistance to race TTKSK of Puccinia graminis f. sp tritici in tetraploid wheat SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, ARS, USDA, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Badebo, A.] Ethiopian Inst Agr Res, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia. [Klindworth, D.] ARS, USDA, Fargo, ND USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S132 EP S132 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401188 ER PT J AU French, BW Coates, B Sappington, T AF French, B. W. Coates, B. Sappington, T. TI Diapause in northern corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [French, B. W.] ARS, USDA, NCARL, Brookings, SD USA. [Coates, B.; Sappington, T.] ARS, USDA, CICGRU, Ames, IA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S55 EP S55 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400322 ER PT J AU Friskop, A Schatz, B Halley, S Schaefer, J Gulya, T Mathew, F Jordahl, J Meyer, S Misek, K Hendrickson, P Markell, S AF Friskop, A. Schatz, B. Halley, S. Schaefer, J. Gulya, T. Mathew, F. Jordahl, J. Meyer, S. Misek, K. Hendrickson, P. Markell, S. TI Evaluation of fungicides and fungicide timing on management of sunflower rust (Puccinia helianthi) at three locations in North Dakota in 2008 and 2009 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Schaefer, J.] Cenex Harvest States, Grandin, ND USA. [Schatz, B.; Hendrickson, P.] NDSU Carrington Res Extens Ctr, Carrington, ND USA. [Halley, S.; Misek, K.] NDSU Langdon Res Extens Ctr, Langdon, ND USA. [Friskop, A.; Mathew, F.; Jordahl, J.; Meyer, S.; Markell, S.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Gulya, T.] USDA ARS, Fargo, ND USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S243 EP S243 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401827 ER PT J AU Fujiyoshi, P Rolshausen, P Castlebury, L Nita, M Baumgartner, K AF Fujiyoshi, P. Rolshausen, P. Castlebury, L. Nita, M. Baumgartner, K. TI New Phomopsis species identified from wood cankers in eastern North American vineyards SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Fujiyoshi, P.; Baumgartner, K.] ARS, USDA, Davis, CA USA. [Rolshausen, P.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Castlebury, L.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Nita, M.] Virginia Tech Univ, Dept Plant Pathol Physiol & Weed Sci, Winchester, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S56 EP S56 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400326 ER PT J AU Funnell-Harris, DL Pedersen, JF Sattler, SE AF Funnell-Harris, D. L. Pedersen, J. F. Sattler, S. E. TI Soil and rhizosphere populations of Fusarium and fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. associated with field-grown plants are affected by sorghum genotype SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Funnell-Harris, D. L.; Pedersen, J. F.; Sattler, S. E.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S243 EP S243 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401828 ER PT J AU Gale, LR Milus, EA Stangeland, SK Haas, MW Kistler, HC AF Gale, L. R. Milus, E. A. Stangeland, S. K. Haas, M. W. Kistler, H. C. TI Two newly detected populations of Fusarium graminearum in the United States SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gale, L. R.; Stangeland, S. K.; Haas, M. W.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Milus, E. A.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Kistler, H. C.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S57 EP S57 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400331 ER PT J AU Ganiger, MC Walker, DR Chen, Z AF Ganiger, M. C. Walker, D. R. Chen, Z. TI Differences in responses and protein profiles of soybean near isogenic lines (NILs) to Phakopsora pachyrhizi inoculation SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ganiger, M. C.; Chen, Z.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Walker, D. R.] ARS, USDA, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Urbana, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S58 EP S58 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400337 ER PT J AU Gao, Y Deng, X Chen, J Li, H AF Gao, Y. Deng, X. Chen, J. Li, H. TI Prophages of "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus" and their distribution in southern China SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gao, Y.; Deng, X.; Li, H.] S China Agr Univ, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Chen, J.] ARS, USDA, PWA, Parlier, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S58 EP S59 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400341 ER PT J AU Garrido, PA Dobhal, S Flores, FJ Rodriguez, CG Blough, K Melouk, H Garzon, CD AF Garrido, P. A. Dobhal, S. Flores, F. J. Rodriguez, C. G. Blough, K. Melouk, H. Garzon, C. D. TI Population structure and genetic diversity of Sclerotinia minor from peanut research plots in Oklahoma SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Garrido, P. A.; Dobhal, S.; Flores, F. J.; Blough, K.; Garzon, C. D.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Rodriguez, C. G.] Escuela Politecn Ejercito, Sangolqui, Ecuador. [Melouk, H.] ARS, USDA, Stillwater, OK USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S59 EP S59 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400344 ER PT J AU Gautam, D Ma, L Bruton, B Fletcher, J AF Gautam, D. Ma, L. Bruton, B. Fletcher, J. TI Erwinia tracheiphila colonization of cantaloupe fruits through flower inoculation SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gautam, D.; Ma, L.; Fletcher, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Bruton, B.] USDA, Agr Res Stn, Lane, OK USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S59 EP S59 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400345 ER PT J AU Gealy, D Burgos, N AF Gealy, D. Burgos, N. TI Gene flow and herbicide resistance: Lessons learned from herbicide-resistant rice systems SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gealy, D.] ARS, USDA, DBNRRC, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Burgos, N.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S236 EP S236 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401792 ER PT J AU Gebben, SJ Hayes, R Bull, CT AF Gebben, S. J. Hayes, R. Bull, C. T. TI Lettuce cultivar influences Xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians population levels SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gebben, S. J.] Hartnell Coll, Salinas, CA USA. [Hayes, R.; Bull, C. T.] ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S59 EP S59 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400346 ER PT J AU Glynn, NC Haudenshield, JS Hartman, GL Raid, RN Comstock, JC AF Glynn, N. C. Haudenshield, J. S. Hartman, G. L. Raid, R. N. Comstock, J. C. TI Monitoring sugarcane rust spore concentrations by real-time qPCR and passive spore trapping SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Glynn, N. C.; Comstock, J. C.] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL USA. [Haudenshield, J. S.] ARS, USDA, Natl Soybean Res Ctr, Urbana, IL USA. [Hartman, G. L.] Univ Illinois, USDA, ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Raid, R. N.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S61 EP S61 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400356 ER PT J AU Gonsalves, D AF Gonsalves, D. TI History of the successful introduction of transgenic virus-resistant papaya in Hawaii SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gonsalves, D.] USDA, Hilo, HI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 16 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S237 EP S237 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401800 ER PT J AU Goodwin, SB Dhillon, B Ben M'Barek, S Grigoriev, IV Kema, GH AF Goodwin, S. B. Dhillon, B. Ben M'Barek, S. Grigoriev, I. V. Kema, G. H. TI Mycosphaerella comparative genomics reveals chromosome dynamics, genome evolution, and stealth pathogenesis SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Goodwin, S. B.] Purdue Univ, USDA, ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Dhillon, B.] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Ben M'Barek, S.; Kema, G. H.] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Plant Res Int, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Grigoriev, I. V.] DOE Joint Genome Inst, Eukaryot Genom Grp, Walnut Creek, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S208 EP S208 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401632 ER PT J AU Goss, EM Cardenas, ME Forbes, GA Fry, WE Restrepo, S Grunwald, NJ AF Goss, E. M. Cardenas, M. E. Forbes, G. A. Fry, W. E. Restrepo, S. Grunwald, N. J. TI Emergence of a plant pathogen via hybridization of the Irish famine pathogen, Phytophthora infestans, and an unknown related species SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Goss, E. M.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Cardenas, M. E.; Restrepo, S.] Univ Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia. [Forbes, G. A.] Int Potato Ctr, Lima, Peru. [Fry, W. E.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Grunwald, N. J.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR USA. RI Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S62 EP S62 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400363 ER PT J AU Gottwald, T AF Gottwald, T. TI Regulating the ubiquitous SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gottwald, T.] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S213 EP S213 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401663 ER PT J AU Graca, RN Ross-Davis, AL Klopfenstein, NB Kim, M Peever, TL Cannon, PG Aun, CP Mizubuti, ES Alfenas, AC AF Graca, R. Neves Ross-Davis, A. L. Klopfenstein, N. B. Kim, M. Peever, T. L. Cannon, P. G. Aun, C. P. Mizubuti, E. S. Alfenas, A. C. TI Multilocus genotypes indicate selection by host in Puccinia psidii populations from Brazil SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Graca, R. Neves] Univ Fed Vicosa, UFV, Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Ross-Davis, A. L.; Klopfenstein, N. B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Moscow, ID USA. [Kim, M.] Kookmin Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Peever, T. L.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Cannon, P. G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Vallejo, CA USA. RI Mizubuti, Eduardo/C-3578-2013; Alfenas, Acelino/H-9504-2014 OI Mizubuti, Eduardo/0000-0001-9612-5155; Alfenas, Acelino/0000-0001-9947-5847 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S127 EP S127 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401159 ER PT J AU Graca, RN Ross-Davis, AL Klopfentein, NB Kim, M Peever, TL Cannon, PG Uchida, JY Alfenas, AC AF Graca, R. Neves Ross-Davis, A. L. Klopfentein, N. B. Kim, M. Peever, T. L. Cannon, P. G. Uchida, J. Y. Alfenas, A. C. TI Microsatellite profile of Puccinia psidii in Hawaii and South America SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Graca, R. Neves] Univ Fed Vicosa, Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Ross-Davis, A. L.; Klopfentein, N. B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Moscow, ID USA. [Kim, M.] Kookmin Univ, Seoul, South Korea. [Peever, T. L.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Cannon, P. G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Vallejo, CA USA. [Uchida, J. Y.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RI Alfenas, Acelino/H-9504-2014 OI Alfenas, Acelino/0000-0001-9947-5847 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S127 EP S127 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401158 ER PT J AU Gray, S Cavatorta, J Jahn, M AF Gray, S. Cavatorta, J. Jahn, M. TI De novo generated eIF4E resistance genes protect potato from infection by Potato virus Y SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gray, S.] ARS, USDA, Ithaca, NY USA. [Cavatorta, J.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Jahn, M.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S64 EP S64 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400371 ER PT J AU Gray, S Cilia, M Howe, K Fish, T Thannhauser, T AF Gray, S. Cilia, M. Howe, K. Fish, T. Thannhauser, T. TI Exploring the insect vector-virus interactome using co-immunoprecipitation coupled to mass spectrometry SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gray, S.; Cilia, M.; Howe, K.; Fish, T.; Thannhauser, T.] ARS, USDA, Ithaca, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S63 EP S63 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400370 ER PT J AU Grisham, MP Johnson, RM AF Grisham, M. P. Johnson, R. M. TI Top rot form of red strip caused by Aciovirax avenae subsp avenae in Louisiana sugarcane SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Johnson, R. M.] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Res Unit, Houma, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S64 EP S64 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400375 ER PT J AU Grunwald, NJ Werres, S Goss, EM Taylor, CR Fieland, VJ AF Grunwald, N. J. Werres, S. Goss, E. M. Taylor, C. R. Fieland, V. J. TI Phytophthora obscura sp nov defines a novel Phytophthora subclade 8d SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Grunwald, N. J.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR USA. [Werres, S.] Julius Kuhn Inst, Fed Res Ctr Cultivated Plants JKI, Braunschweig, Germany. [Goss, E. M.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Goss, E. M.] Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Taylor, C. R.; Fieland, V. J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RI Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S65 EP S65 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400378 ER PT J AU Guo, B Qin, H Feng, S Chen, C Culbreath, A Zhang, X Holbrook, C Ozias-Akins, P Liang, X AF Guo, B. Qin, H. Feng, S. Chen, C. Culbreath, A. Zhang, X. Holbrook, C. Ozias-Akins, P. Liang, X. TI The genome of Arachis hypogaea: Genetic linkage map will aid the whole genome sequence assembly SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Guo, B.] ARS, USDA, CPMRU, Tifton, GA USA. [Qin, H.] Hubei Acad Agr Sci, Cash Crop Res Inst, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Chen, C.] ARS, USDA, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA USA. [Zhang, X.] Henan Acad Agr Sci, Peanut Res Unit, Zhengzhou, Peoples R China. [Holbrook, C.] ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA USA. [Feng, S.; Culbreath, A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Ozias-Akins, P.] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Liang, X.] Guangdong Acad Agr Sci, Inst Crop Sci, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S66 EP S67 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400387 ER PT J AU Gurung, S Goodwin, S Kabbage, M Bockus, W Adhikari, T AF Gurung, S. Goodwin, S. Kabbage, M. Bockus, W. Adhikari, T. TI Genetic structure of Mycosphaerella graminicola populations in the major wheat-growing regions of the United States SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bockus, W.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gurung, S.; Adhikari, T.] N Dakota State Univ, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Kabbage, M.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. [Goodwin, S.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S243 EP S243 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401830 ER PT J AU Hajeri, S Ng, J Ramadugu, C Keremane, M Lee, R Vidalakis, G AF Hajeri, S. Ng, J. Ramadugu, C. Keremane, M. Lee, R. Vidalakis, G. TI Study of Citrus exocortis viroid replication in citrus protoplasts SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hajeri, S.] Univ Florida, Lake Alfred, FL USA. [Ng, J.; Ramadugu, C.; Vidalakis, G.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Keremane, M.; Lee, R.] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository Citrus & Dates, Riverside, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S69 EP S69 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400400 ER PT J AU Halterman, D Middleton, G AF Halterman, D. Middleton, G. TI Presence of the potato late blight resistance gene Rpi-blb1 does not promote adaptive parasitism of Phytophthora infestans SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Halterman, D.; Middleton, G.] ARS, USDA, Madison, WI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S69 EP S69 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400401 ER PT J AU Harshman, JM Jurick, WM Lewers, K Sullivan, J Walsh, CS AF Harshman, J. M. Jurick, W. M. Lewers, K. Sullivan, J. Walsh, C. S. TI Evaluation of Raspberry (Rubus sp.) cultivars for postharvest quality and resistance to Botrytis cinerea SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Harshman, J. M.; Sullivan, J.; Walsh, C. S.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Jurick, W. M.; Lewers, K.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RI Harshman, Julia/N-3246-2013 OI Harshman, Julia/0000-0002-5188-8084 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S69 EP S69 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400405 ER PT J AU Hartney, SL Mazurier, S Lemanceau, P Loper, JE AF Hartney, S. L. Mazurier, S. Lemanceau, P. Loper, J. E. TI Diversity of TonB-dependent outer-membrane proteins in plant-associated strains of Pseudomonas fluorescens SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hartney, S. L.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Mazurier, S.; Lemanceau, P.] Univ Bourgogne, INRA, Microbiol Sol & Environm UMR1229, Dijon, France. [Loper, J. E.] ARS, USDA, HCRL, Corvallis, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S70 EP S70 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400406 ER PT J AU Hartung, JS Shao, J Kuykendall, LD AF Hartung, J. S. Shao, J. Kuykendall, L. D. TI Evolution of the 'Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus' genome for and intracellular lifestyle SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hartung, J. S.; Shao, J.; Kuykendall, L. D.] ARS, USDA, MPPL, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S70 EP S70 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400407 ER PT J AU Hassan, M Keller, KK Martin, RR Sabanadzovic, S Tzanetakis, IE AF Hassan, M. Keller, K. K. Martin, R. R. Sabanadzovic, S. Tzanetakis, I. E. TI Characterization of a novel Emaravirus infecting blackberry SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hassan, M.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Keller, K. K.; Martin, R. R.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR USA. [Sabanadzovic, S.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Tzanetakis, I. E.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Div Agr, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S70 EP S70 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400410 ER PT J AU Haudenshield, JS Hartman, GL AF Haudenshield, J. S. Hartman, G. L. TI Archaeophytopathology of global soybean rust SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Haudenshield, J. S.; Hartman, G. L.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S244 EP S244 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401831 ER PT J AU Himmelstein, J Everts, K Maul, J AF Himmelstein, J. Everts, K. Maul, J. TI Effect of soil-incorporated cover crops and Actinovate biocontrol on suppression of Fusarium wilt of watermelon SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Himmelstein, J.; Everts, K.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Everts, K.] Univ Delaware, Salisbury, DE USA. [Maul, J.] ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S72 EP S72 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400421 ER PT J AU Hoenisch, RW Cain, S Ruhl, GE Clement, DL Dobesh, S Stack, J Draper, MA Dunfee, AP Douce, GK LaForest, J Hodges, AC Stocks, SD Hoffman, W Hummel, NA McCarthy, RL Snover-Clift, KL Watters, H AF Hoenisch, R. W. Cain, S. Ruhl, G. E. Clement, D. L. Dobesh, S. Stack, J. Draper, M. A. Dunfee, A. P. Douce, G. K. LaForest, J. Hodges, A. C. Stocks, S. D. Hoffman, W. Hummel, N. A. McCarthy, R. L. Snover-Clift, K. L. Watters, H. TI The National Plant Diagnostic Network: First detector training and education SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American Phytopathological Society (APS)/International Plant Protection Congress(IPPS) Joint Meeting CY AUG 06-10, 2011 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS), Int Plant Protection Congress (IPPS) C1 [Hoenisch, R. W.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cain, S.; Ruhl, G. E.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Clement, D. L.] Univ Maryland, Ellicott City, MD USA. [Dobesh, S.; Stack, J.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Draper, M. A.] USDA, Natl Inst Food & Agr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Dunfee, A. P.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Douce, G. K.; LaForest, J.] Univ Georgia, Tifton, GA USA. [Hodges, A. C.; Stocks, S. D.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. [Hummel, N. A.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [McCarthy, R. L.; Snover-Clift, K. L.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Watters, H.] Ohio State Univ, Urbana, OH USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S73 EP S73 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400426 ER PT J AU Hoffman, MT Duan, Y Zhou, L Stocks, I Hall, D AF Hoffman, M. T. Duan, Y. Zhou, L. Stocks, I. Hall, D. TI Is the striped mealybug, Ferrisia virgata, a vector of huanglongbing bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus? SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hoffman, M. T.; Duan, Y.; Hall, D.] ARS, USDA, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Zhou, L.] Univ Florida, IFAS IRREC, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Stocks, I.] FDACS DPI, Gainesville, FL USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S73 EP S73 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400427 ER PT J AU Hong, C Richardson, P Kong, P Edgerton, T Asaro, C Oak, S AF Hong, C. Richardson, P. Kong, P. Edgerton, T. Asaro, C. Oak, S. TI Phytophthora species identified from streams in Virginia SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hong, C.; Richardson, P.; Kong, P.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Beach, VA USA. [Edgerton, T.; Asaro, C.] Virginia Dept Forestry, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Oak, S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Asheville, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S74 EP S74 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400434 ER PT J AU Huang, Q Shao, J Davis, RE AF Huang, Q. Shao, J. Davis, R. E. TI Development of genome-based diagnostic markers to detect and differentiate strains of Xylella fastidiosa SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Huang, Q.; Shao, J.; Davis, R. E.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S77 EP S77 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400448 ER PT J AU Ignatov, AN Mazurin, E Djalilov, F Matveeva, E Luster, DG Schaad, NW AF Ignatov, A. N. Mazurin, E. Djalilov, F. Matveeva, E. Luster, D. G. Schaad, N. W. TI A new model for races of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ignatov, A. N.; Matveeva, E.] Russian Res Inst Phytopathol, Vyazemskii, Russia. [Mazurin, E.; Djalilov, F.] Russian State Agr Univ, Moscow, Russia. [Luster, D. G.; Schaad, N. W.] ARS, USDA, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RI Ignatov, Alexander/L-3438-2013 OI Ignatov, Alexander/0000-0003-2948-753X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S78 EP S78 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400454 ER PT J AU Irish, BM Chavarria-Carvajal, J Ploetz, R Goenaga, R AF Irish, B. M. Chavarria-Carvajal, J. Ploetz, R. Goenaga, R. TI Evaluation of Musa spp. hybrids for resistance to black Sigatoka, caused by Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Irish, B. M.; Goenaga, R.] USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Chavarria-Carvajal, J.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Crop Protect, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Ploetz, R.] Univ Florida, IFAS, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S277 EP S277 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045402064 ER PT J AU Jaime, R Cotty, PJ AF Jaime, R. Cotty, P. J. TI Community structure of Aspergillus flavus and persistence of the atoxigenic strain A. flavus AF36 in applied fields SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cotty, P. J.] Univ Arizona, USDA, ARS, Tucson, AZ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S80 EP S80 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400469 ER PT J AU Janisiewicz, WJ Pimenta, RS Jurick, WM AF Janisiewicz, W. J. Pimenta, R. S. Jurick, W. M., II TI Selecting antagonists for control of postharvest brown rot of stone fruits originating from latent infections SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Janisiewicz, W. J.] ARS, USDA, AFRS, Kearneysville, WV USA. [Pimenta, R. S.] Univ Fed Tocantins, Palmas, Brazil. [Jurick, W. M., II] ARS, Food Qual Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RI Pimenta, Raphael/D-9195-2013 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S81 EP S81 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400474 ER PT J AU Jeon, A Cheong, E Mock, RG AF Jeon, A. Cheong, E. Mock, R. G. TI Elimination of small fruit viruses by in vitro therapy SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jeon, A.; Cheong, E.; Mock, R. G.] ARS, USDA, NGRL, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S81 EP S81 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400476 ER PT J AU Jia, Y Jia, MH Liu, G AF Jia, Y. Jia, M. H. Liu, G. TI Linkage block and recombination suppression at the Pi-ta locus at the centromere region of rice chromosome 12 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jia, Y.] ARS, USDA, DBNRRC, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Jia, M. H.] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. Texas A&M Univ, Syst AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Beaumont, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S82 EP S82 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400481 ER PT J AU Jiang, Y Wei, W Davis, RE Lee, I Hammond, RW Nuss, DL Zhao, Y AF Jiang, Y. Wei, W. Davis, R. E. Lee, I. Hammond, R. W. Nuss, D. L. Zhao, Y. TI Plant hormones as potential biomarkers of early phytoplasma infection SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nuss, D. L.] IBBR Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD USA. [Jiang, Y.; Wei, W.; Davis, R. E.; Lee, I.; Hammond, R. W.; Zhao, Y.] ARS, MPPL, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S273 EP S273 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045402046 ER PT J AU Johnson-Brousseau, S Henkes, M Kosta, KL Suslow, K Posadas, A Bulluck, R Ghosh, S AF Johnson-Brousseau, S. Henkes, M. Kosta, K. L. Suslow, K. Posadas, A. Bulluck, R. Ghosh, S. TI Phytophthora ramorum research at the National Ornamentals Research Site at Dominican University of California SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Johnson-Brousseau, S.; Henkes, M.; Ghosh, S.] Dominican Univ Calif, San Rafael, CA 95814 USA. [Kosta, K. L.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Sacramento, CA USA. [Suslow, K.] Hines Nurseries LLC, Winters, CA USA. [Posadas, A.] Natl Plant Board, Sacramento, CA USA. [Bulluck, R.] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Raleigh, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S85 EP S85 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400495 ER PT J AU Jones, R AF Jones, R. TI Multiple copies of genes encoding endoglucanase inhibitor proteins are harbored in an 85kB region of potato genome SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jones, R.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S85 EP S85 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400499 ER PT J AU Jossey, S Singh, AK Ghabrial, SA Domier, LL AF Jossey, S. Singh, A. K. Ghabrial, S. A. Domier, L. L. TI Development of a Tobacco streak virus (TSV)-based gene silencing vector for soybean seed development SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Domier, L. L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, USDA, ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Singh, A. K.; Ghabrial, S. A.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant Pathol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S86 EP S86 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400502 ER PT J AU Jurick, WM Vico, I Gaskins, VL Whitaker, BD Peter, KA Janisiewicz, WJ Conway, WS AF Jurick, W. M., II Vico, I. Gaskins, V. L. Whitaker, B. D. Peter, K. A. Janisiewicz, W. J. Conway, W. S. TI Application of the 2-cyanoacetamide method for spectrophotometric assay of cellulase enzyme activity SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jurick, W. M., II] ARS, USDA, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Janisiewicz, W. J.] ARS, USDA, Kearneysville, WV USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S86 EP S86 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400503 ER PT J AU Juzwik, J Banik, M AF Juzwik, J. Banik, M. TI Nature of Ceratocystis smalleyi - Scolytus quadrispinosus interactions on stems of bitternut hickory with declining crowns SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Juzwik, J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, St Paul, MN USA. [Banik, M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Madison, WI USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S86 EP S86 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400504 ER PT J AU Kachroo, A Chanda, B Xia, Y Mandal, MK Yu, K Sekine, K Gao, Q Selote, D Navarre, D Kachroo, P AF Kachroo, A. Chanda, B. Xia, Y. Mandal, M. K. Yu, K. Sekine, K. Gao, Q. Selote, D. Navarre, D. Kachroo, P. TI Role of glycerolipid metabolism in plant systemic immunity SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kachroo, A.; Chanda, B.; Xia, Y.; Mandal, M. K.; Yu, K.; Sekine, K.; Gao, Q.; Selote, D.; Kachroo, P.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. [Navarre, D.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Prosser, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S230 EP S230 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401760 ER PT J AU Kaplan, F Alborn, HT AF Kaplan, F. Alborn, H. T. TI Chemical ecology and isolation of biologically active compounds from parasitic nematodes SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kaplan, F.; Alborn, H. T.] USDA ARS, Gainesville, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S214 EP S214 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045401666 ER PT J AU Karasev, AV Hu, X Brown, CJ Kerlan, C Nikolaeva, OV Crosslin, JM Gray, SM AF Karasev, A. V. Hu, X. Brown, C. J. Kerlan, C. Nikolaeva, O. V. Crosslin, J. M. Gray, S. M. TI Genetic diversity of Potato virus Y-O and origin of recombinant PVY strains SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American Phytopathological Society (APS)/International Plant Protection Congress(IPPS) Joint Meeting CY AUG 06-10, 2011 CL Honolulu, HI SP Amer Phytopathol Soc (APS), Int Plant Protection Congress (IPPS) C1 [Karasev, A. V.; Brown, C. J.; Kerlan, C.; Nikolaeva, O. V.] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Hu, X.] SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick, MD USA. [Crosslin, J. M.] ARS, USDA, Prosser, WA USA. [Gray, S. M.] ARS, USDA, Ithaca, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S88 EP S88 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400514 ER PT J AU Keith, L Sugiyama, L Matsumoto, T AF Keith, L. Sugiyama, L. Matsumoto, T. TI Leaf blight and stem canker of Mangosteen in Hawaii SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Keith, L.; Sugiyama, L.; Matsumoto, T.] ARS, USDA, Hilo, HI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S89 EP S89 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400523 ER PT J AU Keith, L Sugiyama, L Foote, T Matsumoto, T Zee, F AF Keith, L. Sugiyama, L. Foote, T. Matsumoto, T. Zee, F. TI Screening for powdery mildew resistance in 'Ohelo berry germplasm in Hawaii SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Keith, L.; Sugiyama, L.; Foote, T.; Matsumoto, T.; Zee, F.] ARS, USDA, Hilo, HI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S89 EP S89 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045400522 ER PT J AU Kemerait, RC Sanders, FH Davis, RF Timper, P Woodward, J AF Kemerait, R. C., Jr. Sanders, F. H. Davis, R. F. Timper, P. Woodward, J. TI Anticipated management tools for nematodes affecting agronomic crops through 2015 SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kemerait, R. C., Jr.; Sanders, F. H.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Davis, R. F.; Timper, P.] ARS, USDA, Tifton, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2011 VL 101 IS 6 SU S BP S266 EP S267 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 822KR UT WOS:000295045402016 ER EF